[
 {
  "w": "library",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪbrəri/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪbreri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "图书馆；藏书室",
    "en": "A place where people read or borrow books and other materials."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "资料库；收藏",
    "en": "An organised collection of books, recordings, or digital resources."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I borrowed three books from the library after school.",
    "zh": "放学后，我从图书馆借了三本书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries support lifelong learning by providing free access to books, digital resources, and quiet study spaces.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆通过免费提供书籍、数字资源和安静的学习空间来支持终身学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public library｜公共图书馆",
   "library card｜借书证",
   "digital library｜数字图书馆",
   "library resources｜图书馆资源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "librarian (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "library是借阅书籍的图书馆，bookshop是售书的书店。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "library"
 },
 {
  "w": "Thursday",
  "uk": "/ˈθɜːzdeɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈθɝːzdeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "星期四",
    "en": "the day after Wednesday and before Friday"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We usually meet for lunch at home on Thursday.",
    "zh": "我们通常周四在家一起吃午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The university will host a public discussion on sustainable transport next Thursday evening.",
    "zh": "这所大学将于下周四晚举办一场关于可持续交通的公众讨论会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on Thursday｜在星期四",
   "Thursday morning｜星期四上午",
   "every Thursday｜每周四"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "星期名称首字母大写；具体某天前用on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thursday"
 },
 {
  "w": "bedroom",
  "uk": "/ˈbedruːm/",
  "us": "/ˈbedruːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卧室",
    "en": "A room used mainly for sleeping."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My bedroom gets plenty of sunlight in the morning.",
    "zh": "我的卧室早晨阳光很充足。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children who share a bedroom may develop cooperation skills, but they also need sufficient privacy as they grow.",
    "zh": "共用卧室的孩子可能会培养合作能力，但随着成长，他们也需要足够的隐私。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "share a bedroom｜共用卧室",
   "main bedroom｜主卧",
   "spare bedroom｜备用卧室",
   "bedroom furniture｜卧室家具"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；a two-bedroom flat指两居室公寓。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bedroom"
 },
 {
  "w": "clothes",
  "uk": "/kləʊðz/",
  "us": "/kloʊðz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "衣服；服装",
    "en": "items worn to cover the body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your clean clothes are drying outside in the sunshine.",
    "zh": "你洗干净的衣服正在外面晒太阳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Buying durable clothes rather than frequently replacing cheap garments can reduce household waste and save resources.",
    "zh": "购买耐穿的衣服，而不是频繁更换廉价服装，可以减少家庭垃圾并节约资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "casual clothes｜休闲服",
   "clean clothes｜干净衣物",
   "change clothes｜换衣服",
   "try on clothes｜试穿衣服"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clothe (v.)",
   "clothing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clothing",
   "garments"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "只有复数形式；一件衣服用an item of clothing。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clothes"
 },
 {
  "w": "strong",
  "uk": "/strɒŋ/",
  "us": "/strɔːŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "强壮的；有力的",
    "en": "having great physical power or force"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "牢固的；结实的",
    "en": "not easily broken or damaged"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "强烈的；充分的",
    "en": "great in intensity, influence, or convincing power"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother is strong enough to lift this sofa.",
    "zh": "我哥哥力气很大，能抬起这张沙发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "There is strong evidence that regular physical activity improves both mental health and academic performance.",
    "zh": "有充分证据表明，规律的体育活动能改善心理健康并提高学业表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strong evidence｜有力的证据",
   "strong winds｜强风",
   "strong foundation｜牢固的基础",
   "strong at maths｜擅长数学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "strength (n.)",
   "strengthen (v.)",
   "strongly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "powerful",
   "sturdy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "weak"
  ],
  "tip": "strong at表示擅长；strong通常是形容词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strong"
 },
 {
  "w": "body",
  "uk": "/ˈbɒdi/",
  "us": "/ˈbɑːdi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "身体；躯体",
    "en": "The whole physical structure of a person or animal."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "团体；机构",
    "en": "An organized group with a particular purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "主体；主要部分",
    "en": "The main or central part of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My whole body aches after yesterday's long walk.",
    "zh": "昨天走了很长一段路，现在我全身酸痛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An independent body should monitor water quality and publish its findings for the public.",
    "zh": "应由一个独立机构监测水质，并向公众公布调查结果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "human body｜人体",
   "governing body｜管理机构",
   "a body of evidence｜一系列证据",
   "the body of an essay｜文章正文"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bodily (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "body可指机构；文章的body指正文部分。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "body"
 },
 {
  "w": "month",
  "uk": "/mʌnθ/",
  "us": "/mʌnθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "月；一个月",
    "en": "one of twelve yearly divisions, or roughly four weeks"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I put aside a little money every month.",
    "zh": "我每个月都会存下一点钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Offering employees one additional day off each month could improve wellbeing without significantly reducing overall productivity.",
    "zh": "每月给员工额外一天假期，可以改善他们的身心状态，而不会显著降低整体生产效率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "last month｜上个月",
   "next month｜下个月",
   "once a month｜每月一次",
   "per month｜每月"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "monthly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "last、next、every month前通常不加介词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "month"
 },
 {
  "w": "let",
  "uk": "/let/",
  "us": "/let/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "允许；让",
    "en": "To allow someone to do something or something to happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "出租",
    "en": "To allow someone to use property in exchange for rent."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please let me know when you arrive home safely.",
    "zh": "你平安到家后请告诉我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should let students explore different subjects before requiring them to choose a specialist pathway.",
    "zh": "学校应让学生先探索不同学科，再要求他们选择专业方向。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "let someone know｜告知某人",
   "let someone in｜让某人进来",
   "let a flat｜出租公寓",
   "let go of｜松开；放下"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "allow",
   "permit"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "forbid"
  ],
  "tip": "let sb do sth中不加to；过去式、过去分词均为let。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "let"
 },
 {
  "w": "born",
  "uk": "/bɔːn/",
  "us": "/bɔːrn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "出生",
    "en": "Brought into the world as a baby"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "天生的；有天赋的",
    "en": "Having a natural ability for a particular activity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My little sister was born on a snowy morning.",
    "zh": "我的小妹妹出生在一个下雪的早晨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children born in rural areas may face greater difficulties accessing specialist healthcare than those in cities.",
    "zh": "与城市儿童相比，出生在农村的儿童获得专科医疗服务可能更加困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be born in｜出生于",
   "be born into a family｜出生在某个家庭",
   "a born leader｜天生的领导者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bear (v.)",
   "newborn (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "出生用be born；过去出生说was/were born。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "born"
 },
 {
  "w": "paint",
  "uk": "/peɪnt/",
  "us": "/peɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "油漆；颜料",
    "en": "a coloured substance spread on surfaces for protection or decoration"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刷漆；涂色",
    "en": "to cover a surface with paint"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用颜料绘画",
    "en": "to create a picture using paint"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is blue paint all over your hands.",
    "zh": "你的双手沾满了蓝色颜料。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should allow children to paint regularly, as creative activities can support emotional development and self-expression.",
    "zh": "学校应让孩子经常绘画，因为创意活动有助于情感发展和自我表达。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wet paint｜未干的油漆",
   "a coat of paint｜一层油漆",
   "paint a picture｜画一幅画",
   "paint a wall｜刷墙"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "painter (n.)",
   "painting (n.)",
   "repaint (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "paint多指用颜料画；draw多指用铅笔等画线条。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "paint"
 },
 {
  "w": "use",
  "uk": "/juːz/, /juːs/",
  "us": "/juːz/, /juːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使用；运用",
    "en": "To do something with a tool, resource, or method."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "使用；利用",
    "en": "The act of employing something for a purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "用途；用处",
    "en": "A purpose something serves or a way it can help."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can I use your scissors to open this package?",
    "zh": "我可以用你的剪刀打开这个包裹吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should encourage people to use public transport by making services more reliable and affordable.",
    "zh": "政府应提高公共交通服务的可靠性和可负担性，鼓励人们使用公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "use public transport｜使用公共交通",
   "make use of｜利用",
   "in use｜使用中",
   "a wide range of uses｜多种用途"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "user (n.)",
   "useful (adj.)",
   "useless (adj.)",
   "reusable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "employ",
   "utilise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词读/juːz/，名词读/juːs/。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "use"
 },
 {
  "w": "minute",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪnɪt/, /maɪˈnjuːt/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪnɪt/, /maɪˈnuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分钟；片刻",
    "en": "A period of sixty seconds, or a very short time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "会议记录",
    "en": "A written record of what happened at a meeting"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极小的；微细的",
    "en": "Extremely small in size or amount"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Wait a minute while I find my keys.",
    "zh": "等一下，我找找钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even a minute of regular classroom discussion can encourage students to reflect on what they have learned.",
    "zh": "即使每次只进行一分钟的常规课堂讨论，也能鼓励学生反思所学内容。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a few minutes｜几分钟",
   "at the last minute｜在最后一刻",
   "take the minutes｜做会议记录",
   "minute details｜微小的细节"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "minutely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "会议记录用复数minutes；形容词“微小的”重音在后。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "minute"
 },
 {
  "w": "even",
  "uk": "/ˈiːvən/",
  "us": "/ˈiːvən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "甚至；连……都",
    "en": "Used to emphasise something surprising or unexpected."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "平坦的；均匀的；相等的",
    "en": "Flat, regular, or equal in amount or level."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "偶数的",
    "en": "Divisible by two without leaving a remainder."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone joined the dance, even our shy uncle.",
    "zh": "大家都加入了舞蹈，连我们害羞的叔叔也不例外。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even small improvements in public transport can make daily travel easier for people with limited mobility.",
    "zh": "即使公共交通只有小幅改善，也能让行动不便者的日常出行更加轻松。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "even if｜即使",
   "even though｜尽管",
   "even better｜更好",
   "an even number｜偶数"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "evenly (adv.)",
   "evenness (n.)",
   "uneven (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "even if表假设“即使”；even though表事实“尽管”。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "even"
 },
 {
  "w": "o'clock",
  "uk": "/əˈklɒk/",
  "us": "/əˈklɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "……点钟（整点）",
    "en": "Used after a number to give the exact hour."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please meet me outside the library at three o'clock.",
    "zh": "请三点整在图书馆外面和我见面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Starting school at nine o'clock rather than earlier may help teenagers concentrate better during morning lessons.",
    "zh": "将上学时间定在九点而非更早，可能有助于青少年在上午上课时更专注。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at six o'clock｜在六点整",
   "around eight o'clock｜八点左右",
   "by ten o'clock｜不晚于十点"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "只用于整点；写作o'clock，不用连字符。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "已将非标准拼写o-clock改为o'clock",
  "id": "o-clock"
 },
 {
  "w": "Australian",
  "uk": "/ɒˈstreɪliən/",
  "us": "/ɔːˈstreɪliən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "澳大利亚的；澳大利亚人的",
    "en": "Relating to Australia or its people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "澳大利亚人",
    "en": "A person from Australia."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spotted several Australian animals at the wildlife park.",
    "zh": "我们在野生动物园看到了几种澳大利亚动物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Australian universities attract international students through a combination of research opportunities and diverse academic programmes.",
    "zh": "澳大利亚的大学通过提供研究机会和多样的学术课程来吸引国际学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Australian wildlife｜澳大利亚野生动物",
   "Australian culture｜澳大利亚文化",
   "Australian English｜澳大利亚英语"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Australia (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "国籍形容词首字母大写；指一个澳大利亚人用an Australian。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "australian"
 },
 {
  "w": "cut",
  "uk": "/kʌt/",
  "us": "/kʌt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "切；剪；割",
    "en": "divide or remove something using a sharp tool"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "削减；删减",
    "en": "reduce the amount, size, or length of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "伤口；切口；削减",
    "en": "an opening made by something sharp, or a reduction"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She cut the apple into slices for her brother.",
    "zh": "她把苹果切成片给弟弟吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local councils can cut energy costs by installing efficient lighting in public buildings.",
    "zh": "地方议会可以通过在公共建筑内安装节能照明设备来削减能源开支。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cut into pieces｜切成小块",
   "cut costs｜削减成本",
   "cut down on｜减少"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cutting (n.)",
   "cutter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为cut；现在分词为cutting。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cut"
 },
 {
  "w": "remember",
  "uk": "/rɪˈmembə/",
  "us": "/rɪˈmembər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "记得；想起",
    "en": "Keep information in your mind or bring it back."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "记住去做",
    "en": "Not forget to do something necessary."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "纪念；缅怀",
    "en": "Honour someone or something from the past."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I still remember the smell of my grandmother's kitchen.",
    "zh": "我至今还记得祖母厨房里的气味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students often remember new vocabulary more effectively when they use it in meaningful conversations.",
    "zh": "学生在有意义的对话中使用新词汇，往往能更有效地记住它们。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remember clearly｜清楚地记得",
   "remember to do something｜记得去做某事",
   "remember doing something｜记得做过某事",
   "be remembered for｜因……被铭记"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "remembrance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "recall",
   "recollect"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "forget"
  ],
  "tip": "remember to do是记得去做；doing是记得做过。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "remember"
 },
 {
  "w": "wake",
  "uk": "/weɪk/",
  "us": "/weɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "醒来；唤醒",
    "en": "to stop sleeping, or make someone stop sleeping"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "航迹；尾流",
    "en": "the disturbed water left behind a moving boat"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "守灵聚会",
    "en": "a gathering to remember someone who has recently died"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please wake me before you leave for work.",
    "zh": "请在你出门上班前叫醒我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who wake at consistent times may find it easier to maintain healthy sleep patterns.",
    "zh": "在固定时间醒来的人可能更容易保持健康的睡眠规律。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wake up｜醒来；叫醒",
   "wake someone｜叫醒某人",
   "in the wake of｜紧随……之后；受……影响"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "awake (adj.)",
   "awaken (v.)",
   "wakeful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "awaken"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式woke，过去分词woken；常与up连用。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wake"
 },
 {
  "w": "juice",
  "uk": "/dʒuːs/",
  "us": "/dʒuːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "果汁；蔬菜汁",
    "en": "liquid obtained from fruit or vegetables"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She squeezed fresh orange juice into a glass.",
    "zh": "她把鲜橙汁挤进了玻璃杯里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although fruit juice contains vitamins, eating whole fruit usually provides more fibre and helps limit sugar intake.",
    "zh": "虽然果汁含有维生素，但吃完整的水果通常能摄入更多膳食纤维，并有助于限制糖分摄入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "freshly squeezed juice｜鲜榨果汁",
   "orange juice｜橙汁",
   "lemon juice｜柠檬汁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "juicy (adj.)",
   "juicer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "juice通常不可数；点餐时a juice可指一杯果汁。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "juice"
 },
 {
  "w": "really",
  "uk": "/ˈrɪəli/",
  "us": "/ˈriːəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "很；非常",
    "en": "Used to make an adjective, adverb, or statement stronger."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "真正地；实际上",
    "en": "In fact, rather than only apparently or supposedly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "真的吗",
    "en": "Used in questions to express surprise or doubt."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This soup is really hot, so let it cool.",
    "zh": "这汤非常烫，先让它凉一凉吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before expanding online education, policymakers should consider whether digital courses really meet the needs of disadvantaged learners.",
    "zh": "在扩大在线教育之前，政策制定者应考虑数字课程是否真正满足弱势学习者的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "really useful｜非常有用",
   "really enjoy｜非常喜欢",
   "not really｜不太；并非如此"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "real (adj.)",
   "reality (n.)",
   "realistic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "actually",
   "truly",
   "very"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "not really通常表示“不太”，语气比直接说no缓和。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "really"
 },
 {
  "w": "Japanese",
  "uk": "/ˌdʒæpəˈniːz/",
  "us": "/ˌdʒæpəˈniːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "日本的；日语的",
    "en": "Relating to Japan, its people, or its language."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "日语",
    "en": "The language used by most people in Japan."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "日本人",
    "en": "A person from Japan, or the people of Japan collectively."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We enjoyed Japanese food at a small restaurant yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们在一家小餐馆吃了日本料理。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying Japanese architecture can help students understand how traditional design responds to local environmental conditions.",
    "zh": "研究日本建筑可以帮助学生理解传统设计如何适应当地环境条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Japanese cuisine｜日本料理",
   "Japanese architecture｜日本建筑",
   "learn Japanese｜学习日语",
   "Japanese culture｜日本文化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Japan (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母始终大写；指一个日本人常用a Japanese person。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "japanese"
 },
 {
  "w": "river",
  "uk": "/ˈrɪvə/",
  "us": "/ˈrɪvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "河；江",
    "en": "a large natural stream of water flowing towards another water body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched ducks swimming across the river this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，我们看着鸭子游过河面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting river ecosystems requires cooperation between farming communities, local industries, and environmental agencies.",
    "zh": "保护河流生态系统需要农业社区、当地企业和环境机构之间的合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "river bank｜河岸",
   "river basin｜流域",
   "cross a river｜过河",
   "river pollution｜河流污染"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "河名通常带the，如the River Nile。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "river"
 },
 {
  "w": "horse",
  "uk": "/hɔːs/",
  "us": "/hɔːrs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "马",
    "en": "A large animal used for riding, racing, or pulling loads."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The brown horse gently took an apple from my hand.",
    "zh": "那匹棕色的马轻轻地吃走了我手里的苹果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before motor vehicles became widespread, horses played a central role in farming and transporting goods.",
    "zh": "在机动车普及之前，马在农业和货物运输中发挥着核心作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ride a horse｜骑马",
   "horse riding｜骑马运动",
   "wild horse｜野马",
   "horse racing｜赛马"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "骑马用ride a horse；on horseback表示骑在马上。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "horse"
 },
 {
  "w": "lunch",
  "uk": "/lʌntʃ/",
  "us": "/lʌntʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "午餐",
    "en": "a meal eaten around the middle of the day"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吃午餐",
    "en": "to eat a meal around midday"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We ate lunch under a tree beside the river.",
    "zh": "我们在河边的一棵树下吃了午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing nutritious school lunches can improve children's concentration and support healthier eating habits over time.",
    "zh": "提供营养丰富的学校午餐可以提高儿童的专注力，并帮助他们逐渐养成更健康的饮食习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have lunch｜吃午饭",
   "lunch break｜午休时间",
   "packed lunch｜自带午餐",
   "school lunch｜学校午餐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lunchtime (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指吃午餐用have lunch，通常不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lunch"
 },
 {
  "w": "tall",
  "uk": "/tɔːl/",
  "us": "/tɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "高的；高大的",
    "en": "having greater than average height"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tall tree shades our garden in the afternoon.",
    "zh": "下午，一棵高大的树为我们的花园遮阴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tall buildings can accommodate more residents, but careful planning is needed to preserve sunlight and public space.",
    "zh": "高层建筑可以容纳更多居民，但需要精心规划，以保留阳光和公共空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tall building｜高楼",
   "a tall tree｜高树",
   "grow tall｜长高",
   "stand tall｜挺直站立"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tallness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "short"
  ],
  "tip": "人、树、楼通常用tall；山通常用high。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tall"
 },
 {
  "w": "also",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːlsəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːlsoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "也；而且",
    "en": "in addition to something already mentioned"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister plays tennis and also enjoys swimming.",
    "zh": "我姐姐打网球，也喜欢游泳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries provide free books, but they also offer valuable spaces for community learning.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆提供免费书籍，也为社区学习提供宝贵的空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "also available｜也可获得的",
   "also known as｜也称为",
   "not only ... but also｜不仅……而且"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "too",
   "additionally"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常放实义动词前、be动词后；不是连词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "also"
 },
 {
  "w": "coat",
  "uk": "/kəʊt/",
  "us": "/koʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "外套；大衣",
    "en": "an outer garment worn for warmth or protection"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "覆盖层；涂层",
    "en": "a layer of paint or another covering substance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给…涂上一层",
    "en": "cover a surface with a layer of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Hang your wet coat by the kitchen door.",
    "zh": "把你的湿外套挂在厨房门边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Applying a protective coat to metal structures can reduce maintenance costs and extend their useful life.",
    "zh": "给金属结构涂上保护层可以降低维护成本，延长其使用寿命。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "winter coat｜冬季外套",
   "a coat of paint｜一层油漆",
   "coat with chocolate｜裹上巧克力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coating (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用coat A with B，意为给A涂上B。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coat"
 },
 {
  "w": "elephant",
  "uk": "/ˈelɪfənt/",
  "us": "/ˈeləfənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "象；大象",
    "en": "A very large animal with a long trunk and large ears."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The elephant sprayed water over its back with its trunk.",
    "zh": "大象用鼻子把水喷到自己的背上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting elephant habitats requires cooperation between conservation organisations, local communities, and governments across national borders.",
    "zh": "保护大象栖息地需要保护组织、当地社区和各国政府开展跨国合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a herd of elephants｜一群大象",
   "an elephant's trunk｜象鼻",
   "elephant conservation｜大象保护"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为elephants；象鼻用trunk，不用nose。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elephant"
 },
 {
  "w": "fast",
  "uk": "/fɑːst/",
  "us": "/fæst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "快速的",
    "en": "moving or happening at high speed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "迅速地；快",
    "en": "at high speed or within a short time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "禁食",
    "en": "to eat no food for a period of time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We caught a fast train and arrived before lunch.",
    "zh": "我们赶上了一班快车，在午饭前就到了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fast internet connections allow rural businesses to reach wider markets and compete with companies in major cities.",
    "zh": "高速网络连接使乡村企业能够进入更广阔的市场，并与大城市的公司竞争。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fast train｜快车",
   "grow fast｜快速增长",
   "fast food｜快餐",
   "fast asleep｜熟睡的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fasting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "quick",
   "rapid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "slow"
  ],
  "tip": "fast本身可作副词，不能说fastly。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fast"
 },
 {
  "w": "from",
  "uk": "/frɒm/",
  "us": "/frʌm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "从；来自",
    "en": "showing where someone or something starts or originates"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "由于；因为",
    "en": "showing what causes something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "与……不同；离",
    "en": "showing separation, difference, or distance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This postcard came from my cousin in the mountains.",
    "zh": "这张明信片是住在山区的表亲寄来的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students from rural communities may face additional barriers when applying to universities in major cities.",
    "zh": "来自农村社区的学生申请大城市的大学时，可能面临额外障碍。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "from time to time｜不时",
   "suffer from｜患有；遭受",
   "different from｜与……不同",
   "from start to finish｜从头到尾"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "from表示起点，常与表示终点的to搭配。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "from"
 },
 {
  "w": "quickly",
  "uk": "/ˈkwɪkli/",
  "us": "/ˈkwɪkli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "迅速地；很快地",
    "en": "At a fast speed or after only a short time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We quickly packed our bags when the taxi arrived.",
    "zh": "出租车一到，我们就迅速收拾好了行李。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities must respond quickly to extreme weather events to protect vulnerable residents and maintain essential services.",
    "zh": "城市必须迅速应对极端天气事件，以保护弱势居民并维持基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "respond quickly｜迅速回应",
   "act quickly｜迅速行动",
   "learn quickly｜学得快",
   "as quickly as possible｜尽快"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "quick (adj.)",
   "quickness (n.)",
   "quicken (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rapidly",
   "swiftly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "slowly"
  ],
  "tip": "quickly是副词，修饰动作；quick是形容词，修饰名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quickly"
 },
 {
  "w": "activity",
  "uk": "/ækˈtɪvəti/",
  "us": "/ækˈtɪvəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "活动",
    "en": "Something people do for enjoyment, learning, or a particular purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "活跃；活动状况",
    "en": "The state of being busy or doing things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Painting is my favourite activity on rainy afternoons.",
    "zh": "下雨的午后，我最喜欢的活动是画画。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular physical activity can improve mental health and reduce the risk of several long-term illnesses.",
    "zh": "经常进行体育活动可以改善心理健康，并降低患多种慢性疾病的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "physical activity｜身体活动",
   "outdoor activities｜户外活动",
   "economic activity｜经济活动",
   "leisure activities｜休闲活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "active (adj.)",
   "actively (adv.)",
   "inactive (adj.)",
   "activate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "inactivity"
  ],
  "tip": "具体活动可数；泛指活跃或活动量时不可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "activity"
 },
 {
  "w": "town",
  "uk": "/taʊn/",
  "us": "/taʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "城镇；市镇",
    "en": "A settlement usually larger than a village but smaller than a city"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "市中心；商业区",
    "en": "The central area where people go shopping or do business"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our town has a bakery beside the old bridge.",
    "zh": "我们镇的老桥旁有一家面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving public transport in a small town can help residents access jobs and essential services.",
    "zh": "改善小城镇的公共交通可以帮助居民获得就业机会和基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "small town｜小城镇",
   "town centre｜镇中心；市中心",
   "coastal town｜沿海城镇",
   "go into town｜去市中心"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "go into town指去市中心，此时town前不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "town"
 },
 {
  "w": "without",
  "uk": "/wɪˈðaʊt/",
  "us": "/wɪˈðaʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "没有；不带；不与……一起",
    "en": "not having, using, or being accompanied by someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "未做某事",
    "en": "not doing the action mentioned"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left the house without my keys this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上我出门时没带钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities cannot achieve lasting reductions in air pollution without investing in reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "如果不投资可靠的公共交通，城市就无法持久地减少空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "without doubt｜毫无疑问",
   "without permission｜未经许可",
   "without delay｜立即；毫不拖延",
   "without saying a word｜一言不发地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "with"
  ],
  "tip": "without 是介词，后接名词、代词或动词-ing。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "without"
 },
 {
  "w": "picture",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪktʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪktʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "图片；图画；照片",
    "en": "an image made by drawing, painting, or taking a photograph"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "情况；整体印象",
    "en": "an idea or description of what a situation is like"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "想象；设想",
    "en": "to form an image of someone or something in your mind"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She hung a picture of the sea above her bed.",
    "zh": "她在床头上方挂了一幅海景画。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Survey results provide a clearer picture of how housing costs affect the wellbeing of young adults.",
    "zh": "调查结果更清楚地呈现了住房成本如何影响年轻成年人的幸福感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a picture｜拍照",
   "a clear picture｜清楚的认识",
   "the bigger picture｜整体情况",
   "picture yourself doing something｜想象自己做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pictorial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "image"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "take a picture是拍照；draw a picture是画画。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "picture"
 },
 {
  "w": "child",
  "uk": "/tʃaɪld/",
  "us": "/tʃaɪld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "儿童；小孩",
    "en": "a young person who has not yet become an adult"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "子女",
    "en": "someone's son or daughter, regardless of age"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The child carefully carried a bowl of water outside.",
    "zh": "那个孩子小心翼翼地端着一碗水走到外面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every child should have access to quality education, regardless of family income or place of residence.",
    "zh": "每个孩子都应享有优质教育，不论其家庭收入或居住地点如何。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an only child｜独生子女",
   "child development｜儿童发展",
   "raise a child｜抚养孩子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "childhood (n.)",
   "childish (adj.)",
   "childlike (adj.)",
   "childless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "kid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "adult"
  ],
  "tip": "复数是children；childish偏贬义，childlike指天真如孩童。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "child"
 },
 {
  "w": "kind",
  "uk": "/kaɪnd/",
  "us": "/kaɪnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "善良的；体贴的",
    "en": "Caring about others and willing to help them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "种类",
    "en": "A group of things sharing similar features."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our kind neighbour brought us soup when we were ill.",
    "zh": "我们生病时，体贴的邻居给我们送来了汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should encourage students to be kind to others, helping create a more supportive learning environment.",
    "zh": "学校应鼓励学生善待他人，帮助营造更有支持性的学习环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be kind to someone｜善待某人",
   "a kind of｜一种",
   "all kinds of｜各种各样的",
   "kind words｜暖心的话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "kindness (n.)",
   "kindly (adv.)",
   "unkind (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "caring",
   "considerate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unkind",
   "cruel"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词常接to；种类用a kind of加名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kind"
 },
 {
  "w": "nothing",
  "uk": "/ˈnʌθɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈnʌθɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "没有任何东西；毫无",
    "en": "not anything; no thing at all"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "毫不；一点也不",
    "en": "not at all, used to strengthen certain comparisons"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I opened the fridge, but there was nothing inside.",
    "zh": "我打开冰箱，里面却什么也没有。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without affordable public transport, some residents have nothing to rely on except their own cars.",
    "zh": "如果没有价格合理的公共交通，一些居民除了自己的汽车便无可依靠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nothing to do with｜与……无关",
   "nothing but｜只有；仅仅",
   "nothing like｜完全不像",
   "for nothing｜免费；徒劳"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "something"
  ],
  "tip": "nothing本身含否定意义，通常不再与not连用。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nothing"
 },
 {
  "w": "Tuesday",
  "uk": "/ˈtjuːzdeɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈtuːzdeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "星期二",
    "en": "the day after Monday and before Wednesday"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We usually have dinner together on Tuesday evenings.",
    "zh": "我们通常在星期二晚上一起吃饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The community centre offers free language classes every Tuesday to help newcomers settle into the area.",
    "zh": "社区中心每周二提供免费语言课程，帮助新来者适应当地生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on Tuesday｜在星期二",
   "Tuesday morning｜星期二早上",
   "every Tuesday｜每周二"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "星期名称首字母大写；every Tuesday前不用on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tuesday"
 },
 {
  "w": "why",
  "uk": "/waɪ/",
  "us": "/waɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "为什么",
    "en": "used to ask about the reason for something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "…的原因",
    "en": "introduces the reason for a situation or action"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Why are your shoes still wet this morning?",
    "zh": "为什么你的鞋今天早上还是湿的？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers need to understand why some students leave education before completing their secondary school qualifications.",
    "zh": "研究人员需要了解，为什么有些学生尚未取得中学学历就离开了学校。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "why not｜为什么不；何不",
   "the reason why｜…的原因",
   "wonder why｜想知道为什么"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "间接疑问句用陈述语序：I know why he left。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "why"
 },
 {
  "w": "hat",
  "uk": "/hæt/",
  "us": "/hæt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "帽子",
    "en": "a covering worn on the head for protection or decoration"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I grabbed my hat before stepping into the sunshine.",
    "zh": "走到阳光下之前，我拿起了帽子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wearing a wide-brimmed hat can reduce sun exposure, particularly for people who spend long hours working outdoors.",
    "zh": "戴宽檐帽可以减少日晒，对长时间在户外工作的人尤其有用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wear a hat｜戴帽子",
   "wide-brimmed hat｜宽檐帽",
   "sun hat｜遮阳帽",
   "take off your hat｜摘帽子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hatless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "戴着帽子用wear；戴上帽子的动作用put on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hat"
 },
 {
  "w": "worker",
  "uk": "/ˈwɜːkə/",
  "us": "/ˈwɝːkɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工人；工作者",
    "en": "A person who works, especially for pay."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A worker in orange overalls repaired the broken fence.",
    "zh": "一名穿橙色工作服的工人修好了破损的围栏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should provide every worker with appropriate training and equipment to reduce the risk of workplace injuries.",
    "zh": "雇主应为每位员工提供适当的培训和设备，以降低工伤风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "factory worker｜工厂工人",
   "skilled worker｜技术工人",
   "healthcare worker｜医护工作者",
   "migrant worker｜外来务工人员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "work (v.)",
   "working (adj.)",
   "workforce (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "employee"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不只指体力劳动者，也可指医护等职业工作者。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "worker"
 },
 {
  "w": "chips",
  "uk": "/tʃɪps/",
  "us": "/tʃɪps/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "炸薯条（英）；薯片（美）",
    "en": "fried potato strips in British English; thin slices in American English"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "碎片；碎屑",
    "en": "small pieces broken or cut off a larger object"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "芯片",
    "en": "tiny electronic components containing circuits that process or store information"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These chips are crispy outside and soft in the middle.",
    "zh": "这些薯条外脆内软。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage healthier eating by replacing chips with vegetables and other nutritious side dishes.",
    "zh": "学校可以用蔬菜和其他营养配菜替代薯条，鼓励更健康的饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fish and chips｜炸鱼薯条",
   "wood chips｜木屑",
   "computer chips｜计算机芯片"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chip (n.)",
   "chip (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式chips是薯条，crisps是薯片；美式薯条叫fries。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chips"
 },
 {
  "w": "keep",
  "uk": "/kiːp/",
  "us": "/kiːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "保留；保存",
    "en": "To continue having something rather than giving it away."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "保持；使保持",
    "en": "To stay, or make something stay, in a particular state."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "继续；反复做",
    "en": "To continue doing something or do it repeatedly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can keep the umbrella until the rain stops.",
    "zh": "雨停之前，你可以继续留着这把伞用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should keep public transport affordable to encourage residents to leave their cars at home.",
    "zh": "政府应使公共交通保持价格实惠，鼓励居民不开私家车出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep a record｜保留记录",
   "keep in touch｜保持联系",
   "keep doing something｜继续做某事",
   "keep a promise｜遵守诺言"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "keeper (n.)",
   "keeping (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "retain"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式、过去分词均为kept；继续做用keep doing。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "keep"
 },
 {
  "w": "left",
  "uk": "/left/",
  "us": "/left/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "左边的；左侧的",
    "en": "On the side opposite the right."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向左；在左边",
    "en": "Towards or on the side opposite the right."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "剩下的",
    "en": "Still available or remaining after others have gone or been used."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I carry my shopping bag in my left hand.",
    "zh": "我用左手提购物袋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Drivers should check their mirrors carefully before turning left, especially where cyclists share the road.",
    "zh": "驾驶员左转前应仔细查看后视镜，尤其是在与骑行者共用道路的地方。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "left hand｜左手",
   "turn left｜向左转",
   "on the left｜在左边",
   "time left｜剩余时间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "left-handed (adj.)",
   "leftmost (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "right"
  ],
  "tip": "也是 leave 的过去式和过去分词；表剩余时置于名词后。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "left"
 },
 {
  "w": "put",
  "uk": "/pʊt/",
  "us": "/pʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放；安置",
    "en": "to move something into a particular place or position"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表达；措辞",
    "en": "to express something in a particular way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使处于某种状态",
    "en": "to cause someone or something to enter a particular state"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please put your wet umbrella beside the door.",
    "zh": "请把你的湿雨伞放在门旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising housing costs put considerable pressure on young people who are starting their careers.",
    "zh": "不断上涨的住房成本给刚开始职业生涯的年轻人带来很大压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "put something away｜把某物收好",
   "put pressure on｜给……施压",
   "put into words｜用语言表达",
   "put something in place｜落实某项安排"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "place"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式、过去分词均为put；放置义通常需接地点。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "put"
 },
 {
  "w": "Sunday",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌndeɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌndeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "星期日；周日",
    "en": "the day after Saturday and before Monday"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We usually cook a big lunch together on Sunday.",
    "zh": "我们通常在星期日一起做一顿丰盛的午餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Opening public libraries on Sunday allows people with busy weekday schedules to access essential community services.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆星期日开放，让工作日忙碌的人也能享用重要的社区服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on Sunday｜在星期日",
   "Sunday morning｜星期日早晨",
   "every Sunday｜每个星期日"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "星期名称首字母大写；on Sunday，但next Sunday不用on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sunday"
 },
 {
  "w": "rainy",
  "uk": "/ˈreɪni/",
  "us": "/ˈreɪni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "下雨的；多雨的",
    "en": "Having rain, either now or frequently."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed indoors and baked bread on that rainy afternoon.",
    "zh": "那个下雨的下午，我们待在室内烤面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In regions with a long rainy season, reliable drainage systems are essential for protecting homes and roads.",
    "zh": "在雨季漫长的地区，可靠的排水系统对保护房屋和道路至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rainy day｜雨天",
   "rainy season｜雨季",
   "rainy weather｜多雨天气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rain (n.)",
   "rain (v.)",
   "rainfall (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wet"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dry"
  ],
  "tip": "rainy是形容词；正在下雨用It is raining。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rainy"
 },
 {
  "w": "hotel",
  "uk": "/həʊˈtel/",
  "us": "/hoʊˈtel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酒店；旅馆",
    "en": "a building where people pay to stay in rooms"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our hotel room overlooks a quiet sandy beach.",
    "zh": "我们住的酒店房间可以俯瞰一片宁静的沙滩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building a new hotel near the station could create jobs and attract more visitors to the area.",
    "zh": "在车站附近新建一家酒店可以创造就业机会，并吸引更多游客前来。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "book a hotel｜预订酒店",
   "stay at a hotel｜住酒店",
   "hotel reception｜酒店前台",
   "budget hotel｜经济型酒店"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示住酒店可用stay at或stay in a hotel。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hotel"
 },
 {
  "w": "skirt",
  "uk": "/skɜːt/",
  "us": "/skɝːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "裙子",
    "en": "Clothing hanging from the waist, without separate sections for legs."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "沿边缘走；绕过",
    "en": "To move around the edge of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "回避",
    "en": "To avoid dealing directly with a difficult subject."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her blue skirt swayed as she walked upstairs.",
    "zh": "她上楼时，蓝色裙子轻轻摆动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public discussions often skirt the issue of who should pay for environmental protection.",
    "zh": "公共讨论往往回避谁应承担环保费用这一问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pleated skirt｜百褶裙",
   "a knee-length skirt｜及膝裙",
   "skirt the issue｜回避问题",
   "skirt the edge of｜沿……边缘行进"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "skirt是裙子；dress通常指连衣裙。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "skirt"
 },
 {
  "w": "side",
  "uk": "/saɪd/",
  "us": "/saɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "侧面；边；旁边",
    "en": "An edge or surface of something, or the space beside it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方面；一方",
    "en": "One aspect of something or one group in a disagreement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "支持；站在某方",
    "en": "To support one person or group in a disagreement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please leave your muddy boots by the side door.",
    "zh": "请把沾满泥的靴子放在侧门旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public debates should consider both sides of an issue before any major policy decision is made.",
    "zh": "在作出任何重大政策决定之前，公共讨论都应考虑问题的正反两面。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on either side｜在两边",
   "side by side｜并排",
   "side with someone｜支持某人",
   "the other side of the argument｜争论的另一面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sideways (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "side with表示支持某方；side by side表示并排。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "side"
 },
 {
  "w": "pretty",
  "uk": "/ˈprɪti/",
  "us": "/ˈprɪti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "漂亮的；秀丽的",
    "en": "Attractive and pleasant to look at."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "相当；颇",
    "en": "To a fairly large degree, especially in informal speech."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a pretty cottage beside a quiet stream.",
    "zh": "我们在一条安静的小溪边发现了一座漂亮的小屋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although pretty public gardens attract visitors, cities must also ensure that these spaces remain accessible to residents.",
    "zh": "虽然漂亮的公共花园能吸引游客，但城市也必须确保居民能方便地使用这些空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pretty village｜秀丽的村庄",
   "a pretty dress｜漂亮的连衣裙",
   "pretty good｜相当不错",
   "pretty much｜几乎；差不多"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prettily (adv.)",
   "prettiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "attractive",
   "lovely"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ugly"
  ],
  "tip": "作副词表示“相当”时偏口语，正式写作可用fairly。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pretty"
 },
 {
  "w": "arrive",
  "uk": "/əˈraɪv/",
  "us": "/əˈraɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "到达；抵达",
    "en": "To reach the place you were travelling to."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "来临；到来",
    "en": "For an event or a particular time to come."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our guests arrived just as dinner was ready.",
    "zh": "我们的客人恰好在晚饭准备好时到了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable public transport helps employees arrive at work on time and reduces dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "可靠的公共交通有助于员工准时上班，并减少对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "arrive at the station｜到达车站",
   "arrive in a city｜抵达城市",
   "arrive on time｜准时到达",
   "arrive at a conclusion｜得出结论"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "arrival (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reach"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "depart",
   "leave"
  ],
  "tip": "小地点用 at，城市国家用 in；home 前不加介词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arrive"
 },
 {
  "w": "London",
  "uk": "/ˈlʌndən/",
  "us": "/ˈlʌndən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "伦敦（英国首都）",
    "en": "The capital city of the United Kingdom."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent a rainy afternoon exploring London by bus.",
    "zh": "我们在一个下雨的下午乘公交车游览了伦敦。"
   },
   {
    "en": "London attracts international students because its universities offer diverse courses and access to extensive cultural resources.",
    "zh": "伦敦吸引着国际学生，因为当地大学提供多样的课程和丰富的文化资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "central London｜伦敦市中心",
   "Greater London｜大伦敦",
   "the London Underground｜伦敦地铁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Londoner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "城市名首字母大写；通常不加the。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "london"
 },
 {
  "w": "too",
  "uk": "/tuː/",
  "us": "/tuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "太；过于",
    "en": "more than is wanted, needed, or suitable"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "也；同样",
    "en": "in addition; also"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This soup is too hot to eat now.",
    "zh": "这汤现在太烫，还不能喝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport cannot attract more passengers if fares are too high for regular commuters.",
    "zh": "如果票价对日常通勤者而言过高，公共交通就无法吸引更多乘客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "too much｜太多",
   "too late｜太晚",
   "too tired to work｜累得无法工作",
   "me too｜我也是"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "also",
   "excessively"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "too强调超过合适程度；very只强调程度高。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "too"
 },
 {
  "w": "glass",
  "uk": "/ɡlɑːs/",
  "us": "/ɡlæs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "玻璃",
    "en": "A hard, usually transparent material used for windows and containers."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "玻璃杯；一杯的量",
    "en": "A drinking container, or the amount it holds."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "眼镜",
    "en": "Lenses held in a frame worn to improve sight."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The ball hit the window and shattered the glass.",
    "zh": "球砸中了窗户，把玻璃打碎了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recycling glass reduces demand for raw materials and can lower energy consumption in the manufacturing sector.",
    "zh": "回收玻璃能减少对原材料的需求，并可降低制造业的能源消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "broken glass｜碎玻璃",
   "a glass of water｜一杯水",
   "wear glasses｜戴眼镜",
   "glass bottle｜玻璃瓶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "glassy (adj.)",
   "glassware (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "玻璃不可数，玻璃杯可数；眼镜用复数glasses。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glass"
 },
 {
  "w": "policeman",
  "uk": "/pəˈliːsmən/",
  "us": "/pəˈliːsmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男警察",
    "en": "a male police officer"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A policeman helped us cross the busy road.",
    "zh": "一位男警察帮我们穿过了繁忙的马路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A local policeman visited the school to explain how children can stay safe online.",
    "zh": "当地一位男警察到学校讲解儿童如何保障上网安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "traffic policeman｜交通警察",
   "uniformed policeman｜穿制服的男警察"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "police (n.)",
   "policewoman (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "policeman指男性；不强调性别用police officer。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "policeman"
 },
 {
  "w": "or",
  "uk": "/ɔː/",
  "us": "/ɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "或者；还是",
    "en": "Used to connect alternatives or choices"
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "否则；不然",
    "en": "Used to introduce what happens if something is not done"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Would you like rice or noodles with your vegetables?",
    "zh": "蔬菜配米饭还是面条，你想选哪一种？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must improve public transport or face increasing congestion and air pollution in major cities.",
    "zh": "政府必须改善公共交通，否则大城市将面临日益严重的拥堵和空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "either ... or ...｜要么……要么……",
   "or else｜否则",
   "sooner or later｜迟早",
   "one or two｜一两个"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "否定句中连接并列项常用or，不用and。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "or"
 },
 {
  "w": "once",
  "uk": "/wʌns/",
  "us": "/wʌns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "一次",
    "en": "on one occasion only"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "曾经；从前",
    "en": "at a time in the past"
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "一旦；当……之后",
    "en": "as soon as something happens or becomes true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I water this little cactus once every two weeks.",
    "zh": "我每两周给这株小仙人掌浇一次水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Once reliable public transport becomes available, more commuters may choose to leave their cars at home.",
    "zh": "一旦有了可靠的公共交通，更多通勤者可能会选择不开车出门。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "once a week｜每周一次",
   "at once｜立刻",
   "once again｜再一次",
   "once in a while｜偶尔"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "once引导将来时间从句时，通常用一般现在时。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "once"
 },
 {
  "w": "sock",
  "uk": "/sɒk/",
  "us": "/sɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "短袜；袜子",
    "en": "a clothing item covering the foot and lower leg"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One blue sock was hiding under the bed.",
    "zh": "一只蓝袜子藏在床底下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing durable socks made from recycled materials can help consumers reduce clothing waste over time.",
    "zh": "选择用再生材料制作的耐穿袜子，有助于消费者逐渐减少衣物浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of socks｜一双袜子",
   "woollen socks｜羊毛袜",
   "put on socks｜穿上袜子"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一双袜子说a pair of socks，sock为可数名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sock"
 },
 {
  "w": "letter",
  "uk": "/ˈletə/",
  "us": "/ˈletər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "信；信函",
    "en": "a written message sent to a person or organisation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "字母",
    "en": "a written symbol representing a sound in an alphabet"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A letter from my sister arrived this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，我收到了姐姐寄来的信。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Writing a formal letter of complaint can encourage companies to address problems with their services.",
    "zh": "撰写正式投诉信可以促使企业处理其服务中存在的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write a letter｜写信",
   "letter of complaint｜投诉信",
   "capital letter｜大写字母",
   "covering letter｜求职附信"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lettering (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "letter既指信，也指字母；character还可指汉字等字符。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "letter"
 },
 {
  "w": "bad",
  "uk": "/bæd/",
  "us": "/bæd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "差的；劣质的",
    "en": "Not good in quality or not satisfactory."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严重的；有害的",
    "en": "Serious, unpleasant, or likely to cause harm."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不道德的；不守规矩的",
    "en": "Behaving wrongly or breaking accepted rules."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup tasted so bad that I stopped eating.",
    "zh": "这汤太难喝了，我便不再喝了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Bad air quality can discourage outdoor exercise and increase health risks among children and older adults.",
    "zh": "空气质量差会使人减少户外锻炼，并增加儿童和老年人的健康风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bad weather｜恶劣天气",
   "bad habits｜坏习惯",
   "bad for your health｜有害健康",
   "a bad cold｜重感冒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "badly (adv.)",
   "badness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "poor",
   "unpleasant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "good"
  ],
  "tip": "比较级worse，最高级worst；badly是副词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bad"
 },
 {
  "w": "writing",
  "uk": "/ˈraɪtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈraɪtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "写作；书写",
    "en": "The activity or skill of producing words on a surface."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "笔迹",
    "en": "The way someone's handwritten words look."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文字作品；著作",
    "en": "Written work, especially books, articles or literary material."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I do most of my writing before breakfast.",
    "zh": "我的写作大多在早餐前完成。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular writing practice helps students organise complex ideas and communicate their arguments more clearly.",
    "zh": "经常练习写作有助于学生组织复杂的想法，并更清楚地表达论点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "creative writing｜创意写作",
   "writing skills｜写作技能",
   "in writing｜以书面形式",
   "academic writing｜学术写作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "write (v.)",
   "writer (n.)",
   "rewrite (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "writing通常不可数；也是write的现在分词，需去e。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "writing"
 },
 {
  "w": "upstairs",
  "uk": "/ˌʌpˈsteəz/",
  "us": "/ˌʌpˈsterz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在楼上；往楼上",
    "en": "On or towards a higher floor of a building."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "楼上的",
    "en": "Located on a higher floor of a building."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left my glasses upstairs beside the bed.",
    "zh": "我把眼镜落在楼上的床边了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Moving bedrooms upstairs can provide greater privacy in homes where the ground floor is used for work.",
    "zh": "在底层用于办公的住宅中，把卧室搬到楼上可以提供更多私密空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go upstairs｜上楼",
   "upstairs bedroom｜楼上的卧室",
   "upstairs neighbour｜楼上的邻居"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "downstairs (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "downstairs"
  ],
  "tip": "作副词时前面不加to：go upstairs。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "upstairs"
 },
 {
  "w": "nose",
  "uk": "/nəʊz/",
  "us": "/noʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鼻子",
    "en": "The part of your face used for smelling and breathing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "飞机等的前端",
    "en": "The front part of an aircraft or similar vehicle."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My nose turned red in the cold wind.",
    "zh": "我的鼻子在冷风中冻红了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wearing a mask over the nose and mouth can reduce exposure to airborne dust.",
    "zh": "戴口罩遮住口鼻可以减少吸入空气中的灰尘。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blow your nose｜擤鼻涕",
   "a runny nose｜流鼻涕",
   "the nose of an aircraft｜飞机机头"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nosy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "擤鼻涕用blow your nose，不用clean。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nose"
 },
 {
  "w": "postcard",
  "uk": "/ˈpəʊstkɑːd/",
  "us": "/ˈpoʊstkɑːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "明信片",
    "en": "a card mailed without an envelope, often showing a picture"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sent me a postcard from a seaside village.",
    "zh": "她从一个海边村庄给我寄来了一张明信片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although digital messages are faster, sending a postcard can create a more personal connection between travellers and their families.",
    "zh": "虽然电子信息传递得更快，但寄明信片能让旅行者与家人之间的联系更具人情味。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "send a postcard｜寄明信片",
   "write a postcard｜写明信片",
   "picture postcard｜风景明信片"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "寄给某人可说send someone a postcard或用to引出收件人。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "postcard"
 },
 {
  "w": "head",
  "uk": "/hed/",
  "us": "/hed/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "头；头部",
    "en": "the body part containing the brain, eyes, and mouth"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "负责人；领导",
    "en": "the person in charge of a group or organisation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "朝某方向行进",
    "en": "to move or travel in a particular direction"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She shook her head when I offered more soup.",
    "zh": "我问她要不要再来点汤，她摇了摇头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cyclists should wear suitable helmets to reduce the risk of head injuries when travelling on busy roads.",
    "zh": "骑车人在繁忙道路上行驶时应佩戴合适的头盔，以降低头部受伤的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shake your head｜摇头",
   "head teacher｜校长",
   "head of department｜部门负责人",
   "head for｜前往"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "headship (n.)",
   "headless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "head for＋地点表示“朝某地去”。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "head"
 },
 {
  "w": "yesterday",
  "uk": "/ˈjestədeɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈjestərdeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在昨天",
    "en": "On the day before today."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "昨天",
    "en": "The day immediately before today."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left my umbrella on the bus yesterday.",
    "zh": "我昨天把雨伞落在公交车上了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The transport survey published yesterday suggests that commuters increasingly prefer cycling to driving in city centres.",
    "zh": "昨天发布的交通调查表明，在市中心通勤的人越来越倾向于骑车而非开车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "yesterday morning｜昨天早上",
   "yesterday afternoon｜昨天下午",
   "yesterday evening｜昨天晚上",
   "the day before yesterday｜前天"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "tomorrow"
  ],
  "tip": "yesterday前通常不用介词，常与一般过去时连用。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "yesterday"
 },
 {
  "w": "waitress",
  "uk": "/ˈweɪtrəs/",
  "us": "/ˈweɪtrəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女服务员",
    "en": "A woman who serves food and drinks in a restaurant."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The waitress brought us warm bread and fresh soup.",
    "zh": "女服务员给我们端来了温热的面包和新鲜的汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Working as a waitress can help students develop communication skills while earning money to support their studies.",
    "zh": "当餐厅服务员能帮助学生培养沟通能力，同时赚钱支付学习费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "work as a waitress｜当女服务员",
   "a friendly waitress｜友善的女服务员",
   "ask the waitress｜询问女服务员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "waiter (n.)",
   "wait (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "server"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "waitress特指女性；server可不区分性别。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "waitress"
 },
 {
  "w": "something",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌmθɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌmθɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "某事；某物",
    "en": "A thing that is not named or specified."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is something soft inside this little box.",
    "zh": "这个小盒子里有个柔软的东西。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning something new every day can help adults remain curious and adapt to changes in the workplace.",
    "zh": "每天学习一点新东西，有助于成年人保持好奇心并适应职场变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "something else｜别的东西",
   "something new｜新事物",
   "something to eat｜吃的东西",
   "something wrong｜不对劲的地方"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "nothing"
  ],
  "tip": "修饰词放后面，如something useful；作主语用单数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "something"
 },
 {
  "w": "pet",
  "uk": "/pet/",
  "us": "/pet/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宠物",
    "en": "An animal kept at home for company and pleasure."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抚摸",
    "en": "To gently touch an animal with your hand."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our pet rabbit loves hiding under the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "我们的宠物兔喜欢躲在厨房桌子下面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Caring for a pet can help children develop responsibility and learn to recognise the needs of others.",
    "zh": "照顾宠物能帮助儿童培养责任感，并学会察觉他人的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep a pet｜养宠物",
   "a pet owner｜宠物主人",
   "pet care｜宠物护理",
   "pet a dog｜抚摸狗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "petting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词过去式为petted；英式英语中抚摸也常用stroke。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pet"
 },
 {
  "w": "stop",
  "uk": "/stɒp/",
  "us": "/stɑːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "停止；阻止",
    "en": "To end an activity or prevent something from happening."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "车站；停靠点",
    "en": "A place where buses or other vehicles regularly collect passengers."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "停止；停留",
    "en": "An interruption of movement or a brief stay somewhere."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stopped walking when the rain became heavier.",
    "zh": "雨越下越大，我们便停下了脚步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities should improve public transport to stop traffic congestion from becoming worse as populations grow.",
    "zh": "随着人口增长，城市应改善公共交通，防止交通拥堵进一步恶化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stop doing something｜停止做某事",
   "stop someone from doing something｜阻止某人做某事",
   "bus stop｜公交车站",
   "come to a stop｜停下来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stoppage (n.)",
   "unstoppable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "halt",
   "cease"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "continue"
  ],
  "tip": "stop doing是停止做；stop to do是停下去做。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stop"
 },
 {
  "w": "holiday",
  "uk": "/ˈhɒlədeɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːlədeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "假期；度假",
    "en": "A period away from work or study for rest or travel."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "节日；法定假日",
    "en": "An officially recognised day when many people do not work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "度假",
    "en": "To spend time away from home for pleasure."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent our holiday swimming and exploring quiet villages.",
    "zh": "我们假期里游泳，还探访了宁静的村庄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible holiday arrangements can improve employee wellbeing while allowing businesses to maintain essential services throughout the year.",
    "zh": "灵活的休假安排可以改善员工福祉，同时让企业全年维持基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go on holiday｜去度假",
   "public holiday｜法定假日",
   "holiday destination｜度假目的地",
   "holiday entitlement｜应享假期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "holidaymaker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "vacation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式on holiday指度假；美式通常说on vacation。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "holiday"
 },
 {
  "w": "English",
  "uk": "/ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英语",
    "en": "the language originating in England and widely spoken internationally"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "英语的；英格兰的",
    "en": "relating to the English language, England or its people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We practise English together while walking home from college.",
    "zh": "我们从学院步行回家时一起练习英语。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning English can widen access to international research and help students communicate across cultural boundaries.",
    "zh": "学习英语可以拓宽获取国际研究成果的渠道，帮助学生跨文化交流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "speak English｜说英语",
   "fluent English｜流利的英语",
   "English literature｜英语文学",
   "an English accent｜英格兰口音"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母始终大写；English 不等于表示英国的 British。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "english"
 },
 {
  "w": "front",
  "uk": "/frʌnt/",
  "us": "/frʌnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "前部；正面",
    "en": "The forward part or outward-facing surface of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "前面的；正面的",
    "en": "Located at or near the forward part of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "锋；天气锋面",
    "en": "A boundary where masses of warm and cold air meet."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please leave your muddy boots by the front door.",
    "zh": "请把沾满泥的靴子放在前门旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Placing bicycle racks at the front of public buildings can encourage more residents to cycle.",
    "zh": "在公共建筑前部设置自行车架，可以鼓励更多居民骑车出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "front door｜前门",
   "at the front of｜在……的前部",
   "in front of｜在……前面",
   "cold front｜冷锋"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "back",
   "rear"
  ],
  "tip": "in front of指外部前方；at the front of指前部。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "front"
 },
 {
  "w": "night",
  "uk": "/naɪt/",
  "us": "/naɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "夜晚；夜间",
    "en": "The dark part of each day when the sun is down."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the stars from our balcony last night.",
    "zh": "昨晚，我们在阳台上看星星。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive artificial light at night can disrupt sleep patterns and affect the behaviour of urban wildlife.",
    "zh": "夜间过多的人造光会扰乱睡眠规律，并影响城市野生动物的行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at night｜在夜间",
   "last night｜昨晚",
   "night shift｜夜班",
   "a good night's sleep｜一夜好眠"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nightly (adj.)",
   "nightly (adv.)",
   "nighttime (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "day"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指夜间用at night；last night前不加介词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "night"
 },
 {
  "w": "ask",
  "uk": "/ɑːsk/",
  "us": "/æsk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "问；询问",
    "en": "say something to get information or an answer"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "请求；要求",
    "en": "say that you want someone to do or give something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "邀请",
    "en": "invite someone to come somewhere or join an activity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I asked the driver where the bus stopped.",
    "zh": "我问司机公交车在哪里停。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should ask students for feedback before introducing major changes to classroom teaching methods.",
    "zh": "学校在对课堂教学方法作出重大调整前，应征求学生的反馈。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ask a question｜提问",
   "ask for help｜请求帮助",
   "ask someone to do something｜请某人做某事",
   "ask someone over｜邀请某人来家里"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "inquire",
   "request"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "answer"
  ],
  "tip": "ask for接想要的东西；ask someone to do表示请某人做。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ask"
 },
 {
  "w": "jacket",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒækɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒækɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "夹克；短外套",
    "en": "A short coat covering the upper body and arms."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "书籍护封；保护套",
    "en": "An outer cover that protects a book or object."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I grabbed my jacket before stepping into the cold.",
    "zh": "我抓起外套，才走进寒冷的室外。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A durable jacket made from recycled materials can offer consumers a more sustainable clothing choice.",
    "zh": "用再生材料制成的耐穿夹克可以为消费者提供更可持续的服装选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a waterproof jacket｜防水夹克",
   "a suit jacket｜西装上衣",
   "a book jacket｜书籍护封"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "jacket通常是短外套，不专指羽绒服。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jacket"
 },
 {
  "w": "lucky",
  "uk": "/ˈlʌki/",
  "us": "/ˈlʌki/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "幸运的；侥幸的",
    "en": "Having good things happen by chance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "被认为带来好运的",
    "en": "Believed to bring good fortune."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We were lucky to catch the last bus home.",
    "zh": "我们很幸运，赶上了回家的末班公交车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although some entrepreneurs benefit from lucky opportunities, long-term business success usually requires careful planning and consistent effort.",
    "zh": "虽然一些创业者受益于偶然的机遇，但企业的长期成功通常需要周密规划和持续努力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lucky enough to｜有幸能够",
   "a lucky escape｜侥幸脱险",
   "a lucky charm｜幸运符",
   "a lucky break｜好运带来的机会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "luck (n.)",
   "luckily (adv.)",
   "unlucky (adj.)",
   "unluckily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fortunate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unlucky",
   "unfortunate"
  ],
  "tip": "“有幸做某事”用be lucky to do something。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lucky"
 },
 {
  "w": "jeans",
  "uk": "/dʒiːnz/",
  "us": "/dʒiːnz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牛仔裤",
    "en": "Trousers made from strong cotton cloth, usually denim."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These jeans are still wet from the wash.",
    "zh": "这条牛仔裤洗后还没干。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Allowing employees to wear jeans may create a more relaxed workplace without necessarily reducing professional standards.",
    "zh": "允许员工穿牛仔裤可能营造更轻松的工作环境，而不一定降低职业标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of jeans｜一条牛仔裤",
   "blue jeans｜蓝色牛仔裤",
   "faded jeans｜褪色牛仔裤"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "jeans用复数；一条用a pair of jeans。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jeans"
 },
 {
  "w": "fire",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "火；火灾",
    "en": "Burning that produces heat and light, sometimes causing damage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "解雇；开除",
    "en": "To make someone leave their job."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开枪；发射",
    "en": "To shoot a gun or launch a weapon."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We warmed our hands by the fire after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，我们在炉火旁暖手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular safety inspections can reduce the risk of fire in older residential buildings with outdated electrical systems.",
    "zh": "定期安全检查可以降低电气系统老化的旧住宅楼发生火灾的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "catch fire｜着火",
   "put out a fire｜灭火",
   "fire safety｜消防安全",
   "fire an employee｜解雇员工"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "firefighter (n.)",
   "fireproof (adj.)",
   "fiery (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dismiss",
   "sack"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hire"
  ],
  "tip": "catch fire指开始着火；be on fire指正在燃烧。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fire"
 },
 {
  "w": "sister",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪstə/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "姐姐；妹妹",
    "en": "a female sibling"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "修女",
    "en": "a woman who belongs to a religious community"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My younger sister always borrows my favourite blue jumper.",
    "zh": "我妹妹总是借穿我最喜欢的蓝色毛衣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children who regularly share responsibilities with a brother or sister may develop stronger cooperation skills at home.",
    "zh": "经常与兄弟姐妹分担责任的孩子，可能会在家中培养出更强的合作能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an older sister｜姐姐",
   "a younger sister｜妹妹",
   "a twin sister｜双胞胎姐妹",
   "a sister company｜姐妹公司"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sisterhood (n.)",
   "sisterly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sister不分姐姐妹妹；需用older或younger说明年龄关系。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sister"
 },
 {
  "w": "winter",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪntə/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪntər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冬季；冬天",
    "en": "The coldest season, between autumn and spring."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "过冬；越冬",
    "en": "To spend the winter in a particular place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We wear thick coats when winter brings cold winds.",
    "zh": "冬天寒风来袭时，我们会穿上厚外套。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Warmer winters can disrupt natural ecosystems by changing the seasonal behaviour of plants and migrating animals.",
    "zh": "更暖的冬季可能改变植物和迁徙动物的季节性行为，从而扰乱自然生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in winter｜在冬季",
   "a harsh winter｜严冬",
   "winter months｜冬季的几个月",
   "winter clothing｜冬装"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wintry (adj.)",
   "overwinter (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "summer"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指在冬天用in winter；具体某年可用in the winter of…。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "winter"
 },
 {
  "w": "doctor",
  "uk": "/ˈdɒk.tə/",
  "us": "/ˈdɑːk.tɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "医生",
    "en": "a trained professional who diagnoses and treats illnesses"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "博士",
    "en": "a person who has earned the highest university degree"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "篡改；伪造",
    "en": "to change something dishonestly to deceive people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor listened carefully as I described my symptoms.",
    "zh": "我描述症状时，医生认真地听着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should train more doctors to ensure that rural communities have reliable access to healthcare.",
    "zh": "政府应培养更多医生，确保农村社区能够稳定获得医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "see a doctor｜看医生",
   "family doctor｜家庭医生",
   "a doctor of philosophy｜哲学博士",
   "doctor the evidence｜篡改证据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "doctoral (adj.)",
   "doctorate (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "physician"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "看医生常说see a doctor；动词doctor可指篡改。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "doctor"
 },
 {
  "w": "pizza",
  "uk": "/ˈpiːtsə/",
  "us": "/ˈpiːtsə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "比萨饼",
    "en": "Flat bread baked with toppings such as tomato sauce and cheese."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared a mushroom pizza after the film.",
    "zh": "电影结束后，我们分着吃了一张蘑菇比萨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although pizza is convenient, its nutritional value depends largely on the ingredients and portion size.",
    "zh": "虽然比萨方便食用，但其营养价值主要取决于食材和食用份量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a slice of pizza｜一片比萨",
   "pizza dough｜比萨面团",
   "order a pizza｜点一张比萨"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "整张可数：a pizza；泛指食物可说some pizza。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pizza"
 },
 {
  "w": "pair",
  "uk": "/peə/",
  "us": "/per/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一双；一对；一副",
    "en": "Two matching things, or one object with two connected parts."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "两人；一组两人",
    "en": "Two people who are together or work together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "配对；使成对",
    "en": "To put people or things together in groups of two."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left my favourite pair of gloves on the bus.",
    "zh": "我把最喜欢的那双手套落在公交车上了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers often pair students with different strengths to encourage cooperation and improve learning outcomes.",
    "zh": "教师常将各有所长的学生配成一组，以鼓励合作并改善学习成效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of shoes｜一双鞋",
   "a pair of scissors｜一把剪刀",
   "work in pairs｜两人一组工作",
   "pair up with someone｜与某人结成一组"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "paired (adj.)",
   "pairing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "couple",
   "duo"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a pair of shoes作主语时，谓语用单数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pair"
 },
 {
  "w": "student",
  "uk": "/ˈstjuːdənt/",
  "us": "/ˈstuːdənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学生",
    "en": "a person who studies at a school, college, or university"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A student left her backpack under the library desk.",
    "zh": "一名学生把背包落在了图书馆的书桌下面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should ensure that every student can access affordable housing and appropriate support throughout their studies.",
    "zh": "大学应确保每位学生在整个求学期间都能获得负担得起的住宿及适当支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "university student｜大学生",
   "international student｜国际学生",
   "student loan｜学生贷款",
   "student accommodation｜学生住宿"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "study (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "learner",
   "pupil"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "student不限于大学生；pupil主要指中小学生。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "student"
 },
 {
  "w": "yourself",
  "uk": "/jɔːˈself/",
  "us": "/jʊrˈself/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "你自己；您自己",
    "en": "Used when you are both the subject and object."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "你亲自；你本人",
    "en": "Used to emphasize the person being addressed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Be careful not to cut yourself with that knife.",
    "zh": "用那把刀时要小心，别割伤自己。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preparing meals yourself can reduce household spending while giving you greater control over nutritional quality.",
    "zh": "亲自做饭可以减少家庭开支，同时让你更好地把控营养质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "by yourself｜独自；独立地",
   "help yourself to｜随意取用",
   "enjoy yourself｜玩得开心",
   "be yourself｜做你自己"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "you (pron.)",
   "your (det.)",
   "yours (pron.)",
   "yourselves (pron.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "对应单数you；对多人说“你们自己”用yourselves。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "yourself"
 },
 {
  "w": "price",
  "uk": "/praɪs/",
  "us": "/praɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "价格；价钱",
    "en": "The amount of money needed to buy something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "代价",
    "en": "Something unpleasant experienced to achieve or obtain something else."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……定价",
    "en": "To decide how much money something will cost."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The price of fresh strawberries has fallen this week.",
    "zh": "这周新鲜草莓的价格降了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising food prices place considerable pressure on families with limited incomes, particularly in urban areas.",
    "zh": "食品价格上涨给低收入家庭带来很大压力，在城市地区尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "high prices｜高价",
   "pay the price｜付出代价",
   "price rise｜价格上涨",
   "reasonably priced｜定价合理的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "priceless (adj.)",
   "pricey (adj.)",
   "pricing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "价格高低用high或low；物品贵便宜用expensive或cheap。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "price"
 },
 {
  "w": "last",
  "uk": "/lɑːst/",
  "us": "/læst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最后的；最近过去的",
    "en": "Final in a sequence, or most recent before the present."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "持续；够用；耐用",
    "en": "To continue for a period or remain usable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "最后；上次",
    "en": "After everyone else, or on the most recent previous occasion."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I caught the last bus home just before midnight.",
    "zh": "我在午夜前刚好赶上了回家的末班车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Products that last longer can reduce household spending and limit the amount of waste sent to landfill.",
    "zh": "更耐用的产品可以减少家庭开支，并减少送往垃圾填埋场的废物量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "last week｜上周",
   "last chance｜最后的机会",
   "last for years｜持续多年",
   "last a lifetime｜用一辈子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lasting (adj.)",
   "lastly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "final",
   "previous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "first"
  ],
  "tip": "last week指上周；the last week可指最后一周。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "last"
 },
 {
  "w": "listen",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪsən/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪsən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "听；倾听",
    "en": "to pay attention to sounds or what someone is saying"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "听从；听取",
    "en": "to take someone's advice or warnings seriously"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I listen to music while cooking dinner every evening.",
    "zh": "每天晚上做饭时，我都会听音乐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should listen to residents before making decisions that significantly affect their neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "地方政府在作出对社区有重大影响的决定前，应听取居民的意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "listen to music｜听音乐",
   "listen carefully｜仔细听",
   "listen to advice｜听取建议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "listener (n.)",
   "listening (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "接对象须用listen to；hear侧重听到的结果。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "listen"
 },
 {
  "w": "poor",
  "uk": "/pɔː/",
  "us": "/pʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "贫穷的",
    "en": "Having very little money or few possessions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "差的；不足的",
    "en": "Of low quality or lacking something necessary"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可怜的",
    "en": "Deserving sympathy because of an unfortunate situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The poor family could barely afford fresh vegetables.",
    "zh": "这户贫困家庭几乎买不起新鲜蔬菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poor public transport can limit employment opportunities for people living far from major urban centres.",
    "zh": "公共交通不便可能限制远离主要城市中心的居民的就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "poor health｜健康状况不佳",
   "poor quality｜质量差",
   "poor in nutrients｜营养匮乏",
   "poor families｜贫困家庭"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "poverty (n.)",
   "poorly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "rich"
  ],
  "tip": "poor at表示不擅长；poor in表示缺乏。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "poor"
 },
 {
  "w": "gym",
  "uk": "/dʒɪm/",
  "us": "/dʒɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "健身房；体育馆",
    "en": "A room or building equipped for exercise and sport."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体育课；体育活动",
    "en": "Physical exercise taught or practised at school."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I usually go to the gym before work.",
    "zh": "我通常在上班前去健身房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable gym membership can encourage regular exercise, although safe outdoor spaces are equally important for public health.",
    "zh": "价格实惠的健身房会员服务能鼓励定期锻炼，不过安全的户外空间对公共健康同样重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go to the gym｜去健身房",
   "gym membership｜健身房会员资格",
   "gym equipment｜健身器材",
   "gym class｜体育课"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gymnasium (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gymnasium"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gym是gymnasium的简称；去健身房用go to the gym。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gym"
 },
 {
  "w": "reading",
  "uk": "/ˈriːdɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈriːdɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阅读",
    "en": "The activity of understanding written words."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "读数",
    "en": "A measurement shown by an instrument."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "朗读；朗诵会",
    "en": "An occasion when someone reads a written work aloud."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Reading before bed helps me relax after a busy day.",
    "zh": "忙碌一天后，睡前阅读能让我放松下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular reading exposes students to varied vocabulary and helps them develop stronger critical thinking skills.",
    "zh": "经常阅读能让学生接触丰富的词汇，并帮助他们提高批判性思维能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reading comprehension｜阅读理解",
   "reading habits｜阅读习惯",
   "take a reading｜测取读数",
   "poetry reading｜诗歌朗诵会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "read (v.)",
   "reader (n.)",
   "readable (adj.)",
   "readability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示阅读活动通常不可数；表示读数或朗诵会可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reading"
 },
 {
  "w": "guitar",
  "uk": "/ɡɪˈtɑː/",
  "us": "/ɡɪˈtɑːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "吉他",
    "en": "A stringed musical instrument played by plucking or strumming."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister plays the guitar beside the window every evening.",
    "zh": "我姐姐每天晚上都在窗边弹吉他。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning to play the guitar can help students develop patience, coordination, and confidence through regular practice.",
    "zh": "学习弹吉他能帮助学生通过规律练习培养耐心、协调能力和自信。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play the guitar｜弹吉他",
   "acoustic guitar｜原声吉他",
   "electric guitar｜电吉他",
   "guitar strings｜吉他弦"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "guitarist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示弹吉他，通常说play the guitar。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "guitar"
 },
 {
  "w": "toothpaste",
  "uk": "/ˈtuːθpeɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈtuːθpeɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牙膏",
    "en": "A substance used with a toothbrush to clean teeth."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I squeezed some toothpaste onto my brush before breakfast.",
    "zh": "早餐前，我往牙刷上挤了些牙膏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular brushing with fluoride toothpaste helps prevent tooth decay and can reduce the need for costly dental treatment.",
    "zh": "经常使用含氟牙膏刷牙有助于预防蛀牙，并可减少昂贵牙科治疗的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tube of toothpaste｜一管牙膏",
   "fluoride toothpaste｜含氟牙膏",
   "squeeze out toothpaste｜挤出牙膏"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "toothpaste不可数；一管牙膏用a tube of toothpaste。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "toothpaste"
 },
 {
  "w": "sun",
  "uk": "/sʌn/",
  "us": "/sʌn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "太阳",
    "en": "The star that gives Earth light and heat."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阳光",
    "en": "The light and warmth coming from the sun."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "晒太阳",
    "en": "Sit or lie where sunlight warms your body."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sun appeared just as we reached the beach.",
    "zh": "我们刚到海滩，太阳就出来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Energy from the sun can provide a renewable alternative to fossil fuels in regions with suitable conditions.",
    "zh": "在条件适宜的地区，太阳能可以成为化石燃料的可再生替代能源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the rising sun｜初升的太阳",
   "in the sun｜在阳光下",
   "direct sun｜直射阳光",
   "sun yourself｜晒太阳"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sunny (adj.)",
   "sunlight (n.)",
   "sunshine (n.)",
   "sunless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指太阳通常用the sun；in the sun表示在阳光下。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sun"
 },
 {
  "w": "France",
  "uk": "/frɑːns/",
  "us": "/fræns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "法国",
    "en": "a country in western Europe whose capital is Paris"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We travelled through France by train last summer.",
    "zh": "去年夏天，我们乘火车游览了法国。"
   },
   {
    "en": "France attracts international visitors through its cultural heritage, varied landscapes, and well-developed transport networks.",
    "zh": "法国凭借文化遗产、多样的景观和发达的交通网络吸引国际游客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "visit France｜游览法国",
   "southern France｜法国南部",
   "mainland France｜法国本土"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "French (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "国名France首字母大写，通常不加the。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "france"
 },
 {
  "w": "angry",
  "uk": "/ˈæŋɡri/",
  "us": "/ˈæŋɡri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "生气的；愤怒的",
    "en": "feeling strong displeasure about something unfair, wrong, or unpleasant"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He felt angry when someone damaged his bicycle.",
    "zh": "有人弄坏了他的自行车，他感到很生气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents became angry about the council's decision to close the only library in their neighbourhood.",
    "zh": "市政委员会决定关闭社区唯一的图书馆，居民们对此感到愤怒。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "angry with someone｜生某人的气",
   "angry about something｜因某事生气",
   "get angry｜生气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "anger (n.)",
   "anger (v.)",
   "angrily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mad",
   "furious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm"
  ],
  "tip": "生某人的气用angry with；因某事生气用about。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "angry"
 },
 {
  "w": "aeroplane",
  "uk": "/ˈeərəpleɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈerəpleɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "飞机",
    "en": "A powered flying vehicle with fixed wings."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The aeroplane flew low over the sandy beach.",
    "zh": "飞机低空飞过沙滩上方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Travelling by aeroplane connects distant communities, but its environmental impact has encouraged debate about alternative transport.",
    "zh": "乘飞机出行连接了相隔遥远的社区，但其环境影响引发了对替代交通方式的讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "board an aeroplane｜登机",
   "fly an aeroplane｜驾驶飞机",
   "aeroplane engine｜飞机发动机"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "airplane",
   "plane",
   "aircraft"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式用aeroplane，美式用airplane；口语常用plane。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aeroplane"
 },
 {
  "w": "spring",
  "uk": "/sprɪŋ/",
  "us": "/sprɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "春天；春季",
    "en": "the season between winter and summer"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "弹簧；发条",
    "en": "a coiled piece of metal that stretches or compresses"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "泉；泉水",
    "en": "a place where water flows naturally out of the ground"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We plant flowers in the garden every spring.",
    "zh": "我们每年春天都在花园里种花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Warmer temperatures in spring can cause plants to flower earlier, affecting insects that depend on them.",
    "zh": "春季气温升高会使植物提前开花，影响依赖这些植物的昆虫。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in spring｜在春天",
   "early spring｜早春",
   "a natural spring｜天然泉",
   "a coil spring｜螺旋弹簧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "springtime (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "季节前通常用in；泉和弹簧义均为可数名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spring"
 },
 {
  "w": "Rome",
  "uk": "/rəʊm/",
  "us": "/roʊm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "罗马（意大利首都）",
    "en": "The capital city of Italy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent our first afternoon in Rome exploring ancient ruins.",
    "zh": "我们在罗马的第一个下午游览了古代遗址。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities such as Rome must balance the economic benefits of tourism with the protection of historic sites.",
    "zh": "罗马等城市必须在旅游业的经济收益与历史遗址保护之间取得平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ancient Rome｜古罗马",
   "the city of Rome｜罗马城",
   "a trip to Rome｜罗马之旅"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Roman (adj.)",
   "Roman (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "城市名首字母大写，前面通常不加the。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rome"
 },
 {
  "w": "band",
  "uk": "/bænd/",
  "us": "/bænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乐队",
    "en": "A group of musicians who perform together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "带；环；条带",
    "en": "A narrow strip or ring of material or colour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "范围；频段；等级",
    "en": "A range of frequencies, values, or levels within a system."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister plays the drums in a local band.",
    "zh": "我姐姐在当地一支乐队里打鼓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Live bands at community festivals can attract visitors and create opportunities for local businesses.",
    "zh": "社区节庆中的现场乐队演出能吸引游客，并为当地商家创造机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a rock band｜摇滚乐队",
   "a rubber band｜橡皮筋",
   "a frequency band｜频段",
   "an income band｜收入区间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "banded (adj.)",
   "banding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "IELTS中的band指成绩等级，不是乐队。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "band"
 },
 {
  "w": "east",
  "uk": "/iːst/",
  "us": "/iːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "东方；东部",
    "en": "the direction where the sun rises, opposite west"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "东部的；向东的",
    "en": "in the east or facing towards it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向东；在东方",
    "en": "towards or in the east"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our kitchen window faces east and catches the morning sun.",
    "zh": "我们厨房的窗户朝东，能照到早晨的阳光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in rail connections could improve access to employment for communities in the east of the country.",
    "zh": "投资铁路交通可以让该国东部地区的居民更容易获得就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the east｜在东部",
   "east coast｜东海岸",
   "head east｜向东行进",
   "east of｜在……以东"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eastern (adj.)",
   "eastward (adv.)",
   "easterly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "west"
  ],
  "tip": "in the east of指内部东部；east of指在其以东。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "east"
 },
 {
  "w": "banana",
  "uk": "/bəˈnɑːnə/",
  "us": "/bəˈnænə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "香蕉",
    "en": "A long curved fruit with soft flesh and usually yellow skin"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He peeled a banana and sliced it over his cereal.",
    "zh": "他剥了一根香蕉，切成片放在麦片上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Banana farming provides an important source of income for many families in tropical regions.",
    "zh": "香蕉种植为热带地区的许多家庭提供了重要收入来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ripe banana｜熟香蕉",
   "banana peel｜香蕉皮",
   "a bunch of bananas｜一串香蕉"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词：一根香蕉是a banana。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "banana"
 },
 {
  "w": "camera",
  "uk": "/ˈkæmərə/",
  "us": "/ˈkæmərə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "照相机；摄像机",
    "en": "A device used to take photographs or record moving images."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She raised her camera to photograph the sleeping cat.",
    "zh": "她举起相机，给熟睡的猫拍照。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing a camera at each entrance may improve security, but residents have raised concerns about privacy.",
    "zh": "在每个入口安装摄像头或许能提高安全性，但居民对隐私问题表示担忧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a digital camera｜数码相机",
   "a security camera｜监控摄像头",
   "a camera lens｜相机镜头",
   "on camera｜在镜头前"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cameraman (n.)",
   "camerawoman (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "camera可指照相机或摄像机，具体看语境。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "camera"
 },
 {
  "w": "menu",
  "uk": "/ˈmenjuː/",
  "us": "/ˈmenjuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "菜单",
    "en": "A list of food and drinks available to order"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计算机菜单；选项列表",
    "en": "A list of choices available on a computer or device"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There are several vegetarian dishes on the menu.",
    "zh": "菜单上有几道素菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Displaying nutritional information on a restaurant menu may help customers make healthier choices when eating out.",
    "zh": "在餐厅菜单上标注营养信息，可能有助于顾客外出就餐时做出更健康的选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on the menu｜在菜单上",
   "set menu｜套餐菜单",
   "drop-down menu｜下拉菜单"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "说菜品在菜单上，用on the menu，不用in。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "menu"
 },
 {
  "w": "girl",
  "uk": "/ɡɜːl/",
  "us": "/ɡɝːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女孩；姑娘",
    "en": "A female child or young woman"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The girl carefully carried her kitten into the house.",
    "zh": "那个女孩小心翼翼地把小猫抱进屋里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ensuring that every girl can attend school is essential for reducing inequality and supporting economic development.",
    "zh": "确保每个女孩都能上学，对于减少不平等和促进经济发展至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "young girl｜小女孩",
   "teenage girl｜十几岁的女孩",
   "school girl｜女学生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "girlhood (n.)",
   "girlish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "boy"
  ],
  "tip": "成年女性正式称woman；girl不直接表示女朋友。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "girl"
 },
 {
  "w": "answer",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːnsə/",
  "us": "/ˈænsər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "回答；答案；解决办法",
    "en": "a reply, correct result, or solution to a problem"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "回答；答复；接听",
    "en": "to reply to someone or respond to a call"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I asked the price, but nobody gave an answer.",
    "zh": "我问了价格，却没有人回答。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving public transport may provide an answer to traffic congestion in rapidly growing urban areas.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通或许能为快速发展的城市地区提供缓解交通拥堵的办法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "answer a question｜回答问题",
   "answer the phone｜接电话",
   "the answer to a problem｜问题的解决办法",
   "a clear answer｜明确的答复"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "answerable (adj.)",
   "unanswered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reply",
   "response",
   "solution"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词answer直接接问题；名词用the answer to。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "answer"
 },
 {
  "w": "line",
  "uk": "/laɪn/",
  "us": "/laɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "线；线条",
    "en": "a long, thin mark on a surface"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一排；队伍",
    "en": "people or things arranged one behind or beside another"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "线路；路线",
    "en": "a route or connection for transport or communication"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Draw a straight line across the page with your ruler.",
    "zh": "用尺子在纸上画一条直线。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Extending the railway line could connect rural communities with employment opportunities in nearby cities.",
    "zh": "延长铁路线可以让农村社区的居民获得附近城市的就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "straight line｜直线",
   "stand in line｜排队",
   "railway line｜铁路线",
   "telephone line｜电话线路"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lined (adj.)",
   "lining (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "排队在美式英语中常用stand in line，英式常用queue。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "line"
 },
 {
  "w": "Mister",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪstə/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪstɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "先生",
    "en": "A title used before a man's surname or full name"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children greeted their new neighbour as Mister Green.",
    "zh": "孩子们称呼新邻居为格林先生，并向他问好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In formal interviews, candidates may address a male interviewer as Mister followed by his surname.",
    "zh": "在正式面试中，应聘者可以用Mister加姓氏来称呼男性面试官。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Mister President｜总统先生",
   "Mister Chairman｜主席先生"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常写作Mr（美式Mr.），读Mister，后接姓氏。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mister"
 },
 {
  "w": "door",
  "uk": "/dɔː/",
  "us": "/dɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "门",
    "en": "A movable barrier used to open or close an entrance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please close the door before the cat gets out.",
    "zh": "请关上门，别让猫跑出去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing wider doors in public buildings can make everyday journeys easier for people who use wheelchairs.",
    "zh": "在公共建筑中安装更宽的门，可以让轮椅使用者的日常出行更方便。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "front door｜前门；正门",
   "answer the door｜应声开门",
   "knock on the door｜敲门"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "doorway (n.)",
   "doorknob (n.)",
   "doorbell (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "at the door指在门口；answer the door指应声开门。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "door"
 },
 {
  "w": "smile",
  "uk": "/smaɪl/",
  "us": "/smaɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "微笑",
    "en": "To raise the corners of your mouth, showing happiness or friendliness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "微笑；笑容",
    "en": "A facial expression with raised mouth corners, often showing happiness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The baby smiled when I waved across the room.",
    "zh": "我在房间另一头挥手时，宝宝笑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A friendly smile can help patients feel more comfortable when discussing their concerns with healthcare professionals.",
    "zh": "友善的微笑能让患者在与医护人员讨论自己的顾虑时感到更自在。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "smile at someone｜对某人微笑",
   "a warm smile｜温暖的笑容",
   "a broad smile｜灿烂的笑容"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "smiling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "frown"
  ],
  "tip": "对某人微笑用smile at，不用smile to。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "smile"
 },
 {
  "w": "October",
  "uk": "/ɒkˈtəʊbə/",
  "us": "/ɑːkˈtoʊbər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "十月",
    "en": "The tenth month of the year, between September and November."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our local swimming pool will open again in October.",
    "zh": "我们当地的游泳池将在十月重新开放。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The university begins its annual community research programme in October, giving students opportunities to investigate local environmental issues.",
    "zh": "这所大学每年十月启动社区研究项目，让学生有机会调查当地环境问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in October｜在十月",
   "early October｜十月初",
   "late October｜十月下旬"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "月份首字母大写；月份前用in，具体日期前用on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "october"
 },
 {
  "w": "room",
  "uk": "/ruːm/",
  "us": "/ruːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "房间；室",
    "en": "A part of a building separated by walls and doors."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "空间；余地",
    "en": "Available space or opportunity for something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My room has a desk beside the window.",
    "zh": "我的房间里，窗边有一张书桌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although public transport has improved significantly, there is still room for further investment in rural services.",
    "zh": "尽管公共交通已显著改善，农村交通服务仍有进一步投资的空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "living room｜客厅",
   "make room for｜为……腾地方",
   "room for improvement｜改进的余地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "roomy (adj.)",
   "roommate (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指房间时可数；指空间或余地时不可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "room"
 },
 {
  "w": "rest",
  "uk": "/rest/",
  "us": "/rest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "休息",
    "en": "a period of relaxing without working or being active"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "休息；让…休息",
    "en": "to relax or allow someone or something to recover"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "其余部分；其他人",
    "en": "the people or things that remain"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Let's have a rest under that shady tree.",
    "zh": "我们在那棵树荫下休息一下吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular periods of rest can help employees maintain concentration and reduce the risk of workplace accidents.",
    "zh": "定期休息有助于员工保持专注，并降低工作场所发生事故的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have a rest｜休息一下",
   "get some rest｜休息一会儿",
   "the rest of｜其余的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "restful (adj.)",
   "restless (adj.)",
   "rested (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "the rest of后接名词，谓语单复数随所指内容变化。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rest"
 },
 {
  "w": "aunt",
  "uk": "/ɑːnt/",
  "us": "/ænt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "姑妈；姨妈；舅妈；婶伯母",
    "en": "Your parent's sister, or the wife of your parent's sibling."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt taught me how to bake bread.",
    "zh": "我姨妈教会了我如何烤面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Extended family members, such as aunts and uncles, often provide valuable childcare support for working parents.",
    "zh": "姑姨叔舅等大家庭成员常为在职父母提供宝贵的育儿支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "aunt and uncle｜姑姨叔舅等亲属",
   "maternal aunt｜姨妈",
   "paternal aunt｜姑妈"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "auntie (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不区分父系或母系；美音也常读/ɑːnt/。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aunt"
 },
 {
  "w": "watch",
  "uk": "/wɒtʃ/",
  "us": "/wɑːtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "观看；注视",
    "en": "To look at something attentively for a period of time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手表",
    "en": "A small clock worn on the wrist or carried."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "照看；留意",
    "en": "To take care of someone or look for possible danger."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the ducks swimming across the quiet pond.",
    "zh": "我们看着鸭子游过平静的池塘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who watch educational programmes may gain useful knowledge, but active discussion helps deepen their understanding.",
    "zh": "观看教育节目的学生可能获得实用知识，但积极讨论有助于加深理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "watch television｜看电视",
   "watch closely｜仔细观察",
   "wear a watch｜戴手表",
   "watch out｜小心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "watcher (n.)",
   "watchful (adj.)",
   "watchfulness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "observe"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "watch 强调持续观看；see 强调看见这一结果。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "watch"
 },
 {
  "w": "exciting",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人兴奋的；刺激的",
    "en": "Making someone feel eager, enthusiastic, or thrilled."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The final minutes of the match were incredibly exciting.",
    "zh": "比赛最后几分钟精彩刺激极了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in renewable energy offer exciting opportunities for young engineers seeking to address global environmental challenges.",
    "zh": "可再生能源的进步为希望应对全球环境挑战的年轻工程师提供了令人振奋的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exciting opportunity｜令人振奋的机会",
   "exciting development｜令人振奋的进展",
   "exciting experience｜刺激的体验"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "excite (v.)",
   "excited (adj.)",
   "excitement (n.)",
   "excitedly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thrilling",
   "exhilarating"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "boring",
   "dull"
  ],
  "tip": "exciting形容令人兴奋的事物；excited形容人的感受。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exciting"
 },
 {
  "w": "Africa",
  "uk": "/ˈæfrɪkə/",
  "us": "/ˈæfrɪkə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "非洲",
    "en": "The continent south of Europe, between the Atlantic and Indian oceans."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin returned from Africa with beautiful handmade baskets.",
    "zh": "我的表亲从非洲回来，带回了漂亮的手工编织篮子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in renewable energy across Africa could expand electricity access while supporting sustainable economic development.",
    "zh": "在非洲各地投资可再生能源可以扩大电力覆盖范围，同时支持经济的可持续发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "North Africa｜北非",
   "sub-Saharan Africa｜撒哈拉以南非洲",
   "across Africa｜遍及非洲"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "African (adj.)",
   "African (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "洲名首字母大写，通常不加冠词；非洲不是国家。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "africa"
 },
 {
  "w": "sometimes",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌmtaɪmz/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌmtaɪmz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "有时；偶尔",
    "en": "on certain occasions, but not always or regularly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I sometimes take the longer route home through the park.",
    "zh": "我有时会绕远路穿过公园回家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Working from home sometimes improves productivity, although its benefits depend on suitable equipment and a quiet environment.",
    "zh": "居家办公有时能提高效率，不过其益处取决于合适的设备和安静的环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sometimes feel｜有时感到",
   "sometimes happen｜有时发生",
   "only sometimes｜只是偶尔"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "occasionally",
   "at times"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "always",
   "never"
  ],
  "tip": "sometimes是有时；some time是一段时间。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sometimes"
 },
 {
  "w": "newspaper",
  "uk": "/ˈnjuːzpeɪpə/",
  "us": "/ˈnuːzpeɪpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "报纸",
    "en": "A publication containing news, articles, and advertisements, usually printed daily."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "报社",
    "en": "An organization that produces and publishes news in a newspaper."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather reads the newspaper while eating breakfast.",
    "zh": "我爷爷一边吃早饭一边看报纸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local newspapers provide valuable coverage of community issues that national media may overlook.",
    "zh": "地方报纸对全国性媒体可能忽略的社区问题提供了有价值的报道。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "daily newspaper｜日报",
   "local newspaper｜地方报纸",
   "newspaper article｜报纸文章",
   "read a newspaper｜看报纸"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一份报纸用a newspaper；作包装材料时可不可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "newspaper"
 },
 {
  "w": "fine",
  "uk": "/faɪn/",
  "us": "/faɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "好的；健康的；优质的",
    "en": "Good, satisfactory, healthy, or of high quality."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "细小的；纤细的",
    "en": "Made of very small particles or having little thickness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "罚款",
    "en": "Money that must be paid as punishment for breaking rules."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I feel fine now, so let's go for a walk.",
    "zh": "我现在感觉挺好的，我们去散步吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A substantial fine may discourage companies from dumping industrial waste into rivers and damaging local ecosystems.",
    "zh": "高额罚款可能会阻止企业向河流倾倒工业废物、破坏当地生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel fine｜感觉良好",
   "fine sand｜细沙",
   "pay a fine｜缴纳罚款",
   "fine art｜美术"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "finely (adv.)",
   "fineness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fine作动词也指罚款：fine sb for sth。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fine"
 },
 {
  "w": "boat",
  "uk": "/bəʊt/",
  "us": "/boʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "船；小船",
    "en": "a vessel for travelling on water, usually smaller than a ship"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hired a small boat and explored the lake.",
    "zh": "我们租了一条小船，游览了湖面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In remote coastal communities, travelling by boat remains essential for accessing schools and medical services.",
    "zh": "在偏远的沿海社区，乘船出行仍是获得教育和医疗服务的重要方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fishing boat｜渔船",
   "rowing boat｜划艇",
   "by boat｜乘船",
   "boat trip｜乘船游览"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "boating (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "by boat不加冠词；on a boat表示在船上。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "boat"
 },
 {
  "w": "card",
  "uk": "/kɑːd/",
  "us": "/kɑːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卡；卡片；证件",
    "en": "A small stiff rectangle used for payment, identification, or information."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "贺卡；明信片",
    "en": "A decorated card sent with a greeting or personal message."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纸牌",
    "en": "One of a set of small rectangles used in games."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I tapped my card to pay for the groceries.",
    "zh": "我刷卡支付了买食品杂货的钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing every student with a library card encourages independent reading and improves access to educational resources.",
    "zh": "为每位学生办理借书证，有助于鼓励自主阅读，并改善教育资源的获取条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a credit card｜信用卡",
   "an identity card｜身份证件",
   "a birthday card｜生日贺卡",
   "play cards｜打牌"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "play cards指打牌，cards用复数，前面不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "card"
 },
 {
  "w": "afraid",
  "uk": "/əˈfreɪd/",
  "us": "/əˈfreɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "害怕的；担心的",
    "en": "feeling fear or worry about something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "恐怕；遗憾地认为",
    "en": "used to introduce unwelcome information politely"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puppy was afraid of the noisy vacuum cleaner.",
    "zh": "那只小狗害怕吵闹的吸尘器。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some employees are afraid to report workplace problems because they worry about losing their jobs.",
    "zh": "有些员工不敢反映职场问题，因为他们担心失去工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "afraid of｜害怕……",
   "afraid to ask｜不敢问",
   "afraid of making mistakes｜害怕犯错",
   "I'm afraid that｜恐怕……"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "frightened",
   "scared"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unafraid"
  ],
  "tip": "通常作表语，不放名词前；用afraid of或afraid to do。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "afraid"
 },
 {
  "w": "start",
  "uk": "/stɑːt/",
  "us": "/stɑːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开始；着手",
    "en": "To begin doing something or cause something to begin."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "启动；发动",
    "en": "To make a machine operate, or begin operating."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "开始；起点",
    "en": "The moment or place where something begins."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We started cooking dinner as soon as we got home.",
    "zh": "我们一到家就开始做晚饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should start teaching financial skills early so that young people can make informed decisions about money.",
    "zh": "学校应尽早开始教授理财技能，让年轻人能在充分了解情况后作出财务决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "start a business｜创业",
   "start the engine｜发动引擎",
   "at the start of｜在……开始时",
   "make a fresh start｜重新开始"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "starter (n.)",
   "restart (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "begin",
   "commence"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "finish",
   "stop"
  ],
  "tip": "start doing与start to do通常都可表示开始做某事。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "start"
 },
 {
  "w": "hospital",
  "uk": "/ˈhɒspɪtl/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːspɪtl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "医院",
    "en": "A place where ill or injured people receive medical treatment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She works as a nurse at the local hospital.",
    "zh": "她在当地医院当护士。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building a new hospital in the region would improve access to specialist care for rural communities.",
    "zh": "在该地区新建一家医院将有助于农村居民获得专科医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be admitted to hospital｜入院治疗",
   "be discharged from hospital｜出院",
   "a public hospital｜公立医院",
   "hospital staff｜医院工作人员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hospitalisation (n.)",
   "hospitalise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "住院：英式in hospital，美式in the hospital。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hospital"
 },
 {
  "w": "life",
  "uk": "/laɪf/",
  "us": "/laɪf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生活；人生",
    "en": "the experiences and activities of being alive"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生命；生存",
    "en": "the state of being alive"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "寿命；使用期限",
    "en": "the period during which someone lives or something works"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Life feels quieter since we moved to the countryside.",
    "zh": "自从搬到乡下，我们的生活感觉更安静了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to affordable housing can significantly improve the quality of life in large cities.",
    "zh": "获得负担得起的住房可以显著提高大城市居民的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "quality of life｜生活质量",
   "daily life｜日常生活",
   "save a life｜挽救生命",
   "battery life｜电池续航时间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lifelong (adj.)",
   "lifeless (adj.)",
   "lively (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "death"
  ],
  "tip": "复数是 lives；泛指生活时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "life"
 },
 {
  "w": "centre",
  "uk": "/ˈsentə/",
  "us": "/ˈsentər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "中心；中央",
    "en": "The middle point or area of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "活动中心；服务机构",
    "en": "A place providing particular activities, services, or facilities."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "以…为中心；集中于",
    "en": "Make something the main focus of attention or activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We placed a vase in the centre of the table.",
    "zh": "我们在桌子中央摆了一个花瓶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A new community centre could provide affordable exercise facilities and meeting spaces for local residents.",
    "zh": "新的社区中心可以为当地居民提供价格实惠的健身设施和聚会场所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "city centre｜市中心",
   "community centre｜社区中心",
   "centre on｜以…为中心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "central (adj.)",
   "centrally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "middle"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "edge"
  ],
  "tip": "centre是英式拼写，美式写center；动词常接on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "centre"
 },
 {
  "w": "magazine",
  "uk": "/ˌmæɡəˈziːn/",
  "us": "/ˈmæɡəziːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "杂志；期刊",
    "en": "A regularly published collection of articles and pictures."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She bought a gardening magazine at the station.",
    "zh": "她在车站买了一本园艺杂志。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A specialist magazine can provide practical career advice that general news websites may not offer.",
    "zh": "专业杂志可以提供综合新闻网站未必能提供的实用职业建议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "monthly magazine｜月刊",
   "fashion magazine｜时尚杂志",
   "magazine subscription｜杂志订阅",
   "magazine article｜杂志文章"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "periodical"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；英式重音通常在末音节，美式在首音节。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "magazine"
 },
 {
  "w": "practise",
  "uk": "/ˈpræktɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈpræktɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "练习",
    "en": "Do something repeatedly to improve your skill"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "从事专业工作",
    "en": "Work in a profession such as medicine or law"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "践行；实行",
    "en": "Regularly follow a belief, custom, or method"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I practise the violin quietly after dinner each evening.",
    "zh": "我每天晚饭后都会轻声练习小提琴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Language learners should practise speaking regularly rather than rely entirely on memorising vocabulary and grammar rules.",
    "zh": "语言学习者应经常练习口语，而不是完全依赖背诵词汇和语法规则。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "practise speaking｜练习口语",
   "practise medicine｜行医",
   "practise regularly｜定期练习",
   "practise what you preach｜身体力行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "practice (n.)",
   "practitioner (n.)",
   "practised (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rehearse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式动词用practise、名词用practice；美式均用practice。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "practise"
 },
 {
  "w": "city",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪti/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "城市；都市",
    "en": "A large town where many people live and work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We explored the city on foot all afternoon.",
    "zh": "我们整个下午都在步行游览这座城市。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-designed city provides accessible public transport and green spaces that improve residents' quality of life.",
    "zh": "一座规划良好的城市会提供便利的公共交通和绿地，改善居民的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "city centre｜市中心",
   "a major city｜大城市",
   "city life｜城市生活",
   "city planning｜城市规划"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为cities；市中心英式用city centre。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "city"
 },
 {
  "w": "boring",
  "uk": "/ˈbɔːrɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈbɔːrɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无聊的；乏味的",
    "en": "Not interesting or exciting."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The film was so boring that I fell asleep.",
    "zh": "这部电影太无聊了，我都睡着了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may find repetitive exercises boring unless teachers explain their purpose and introduce variety.",
    "zh": "如果教师不解释练习的目的并增加变化，学生可能会觉得重复练习很乏味。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "boring task｜乏味的任务",
   "boring lecture｜枯燥的讲座",
   "find something boring｜觉得某事无聊"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bore (v.)",
   "bored (adj.)",
   "boredom (n.)",
   "boringly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dull",
   "tedious",
   "uninteresting"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "interesting",
   "exciting"
  ],
  "tip": "boring指令人无聊；bored指人感到无聊。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "boring"
 },
 {
  "w": "finish",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪnɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪnɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "完成；结束；吃完",
    "en": "to complete something or reach its end"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结尾；终点",
    "en": "the final part or end of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "表面处理；光洁度",
    "en": "the appearance or texture of a completed surface"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'll finish washing the dishes before we go.",
    "zh": "我们出门前，我会把碗洗完。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who finish their assignments early have more time to review feedback and improve their understanding.",
    "zh": "提前完成作业的学生有更多时间查看反馈并加深理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "finish doing something｜做完某事",
   "finish an assignment｜完成作业",
   "finish line｜终点线",
   "a smooth finish｜光滑的表面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "finished (adj.)",
   "unfinished (adj.)",
   "finishing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "complete",
   "end"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "start",
   "begin"
  ],
  "tip": "表示做完某事用finish doing，不用finish to do。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "finish"
 },
 {
  "w": "pig",
  "uk": "/pɪɡ/",
  "us": "/pɪɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "猪",
    "en": "A farm animal with a broad snout and short legs."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A pink pig was sleeping beside the wooden fence.",
    "zh": "一头粉色的猪正睡在木栅栏旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers can improve animal welfare by giving pigs enough space to move freely and explore.",
    "zh": "农民可以给猪足够的自由活动和探索空间，以改善动物福利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pig farm｜养猪场",
   "raise pigs｜养猪",
   "wild pig｜野猪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "piglet (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pig指动物；作为食物的猪肉通常用pork。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pig"
 },
 {
  "w": "our",
  "uk": "/aʊə/",
  "us": "/aʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "我们的",
    "en": "Belonging to or connected with the speaker and other people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our kitchen smells wonderful when Dad bakes fresh bread.",
    "zh": "爸爸烤新鲜面包时，我们的厨房里香气四溢。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in public transport could improve our quality of life and reduce urban air pollution.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通可以提高我们的生活质量，并减少城市空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "our daily lives｜我们的日常生活",
   "our local community｜我们所在的社区",
   "our shared future｜我们共同的未来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "we (pron.)",
   "us (pron.)",
   "ours (pron.)",
   "ourselves (pron.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "our后须接名词；ours可独立使用。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "our"
 },
 {
  "w": "football",
  "uk": "/ˈfʊtbɔːl/",
  "us": "/ˈfʊtbɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "足球；足球运动",
    "en": "a game where teams kick a ball into opposing goals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "美式橄榄球运动",
    "en": "an American game involving carrying, throwing, and kicking an oval ball"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We play football in the park every Saturday morning.",
    "zh": "我们每周六早上都在公园踢足球。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local football clubs can strengthen community relationships by bringing together people from different social backgrounds.",
    "zh": "地方足球俱乐部能够聚集不同社会背景的人，从而增进社区联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play football｜踢足球",
   "football match｜足球比赛",
   "football pitch｜足球场",
   "football club｜足球俱乐部"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "footballer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式football指足球；美式通常指美式橄榄球。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "football"
 },
 {
  "w": "station",
  "uk": "/ˈsteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈsteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "车站",
    "en": "A place where trains or buses stop for passengers."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工作站；台；所",
    "en": "A place or organisation providing a particular service."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "派驻；安置",
    "en": "To place someone somewhere to perform a duty."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hurried to the station with our heavy suitcases.",
    "zh": "我们提着沉重的行李箱匆忙赶往车站。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should station trained staff at busy transport hubs to assist passengers with limited mobility.",
    "zh": "地方政府应在繁忙的交通枢纽安排受过培训的工作人员，帮助行动不便的乘客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "railway station｜火车站",
   "police station｜警察局",
   "radio station｜广播电台",
   "be stationed at｜被派驻在"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stationary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词常用被动式be stationed at，表示被派驻。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "station"
 },
 {
  "w": "tomorrow",
  "uk": "/təˈmɒrəʊ/",
  "us": "/təˈmɑːroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在明天",
    "en": "On the day after today."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "明天；未来",
    "en": "The day after today, or the future more generally."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We are meeting at the swimming pool tomorrow morning.",
    "zh": "我们明天早上在游泳池见面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The environmental decisions made today will shape the world that the children of tomorrow inherit.",
    "zh": "今天作出的环境决策将塑造未来孩子们继承的世界。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tomorrow morning｜明天早上",
   "by tomorrow｜到明天为止",
   "the day after tomorrow｜后天",
   "tomorrow's world｜未来世界"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "yesterday"
  ],
  "tip": "tomorrow前通常不加on；明早是tomorrow morning。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tomorrow"
 },
 {
  "w": "fourth",
  "uk": "/fɔːθ/",
  "us": "/fɔːrθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "第四",
    "en": "coming immediately after the third in a sequence"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "四分之一",
    "en": "one of four equal parts of a whole"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our apartment is on the fourth floor, beside the lift.",
    "zh": "我们的公寓在四楼，就在电梯旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The fourth stage of the recycling process involves transforming cleaned plastic into material suitable for new products.",
    "zh": "回收流程的第四阶段是将清洗后的塑料转化为适合制造新产品的材料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the fourth floor｜四楼",
   "fourth place｜第四名",
   "a fourth of｜……的四分之一"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "four (num.)",
   "fourthly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "第四是fourth；forth意为向前，注意拼写。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fourth"
 },
 {
  "w": "today",
  "uk": "/təˈdeɪ/",
  "us": "/təˈdeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "今天；现今",
    "en": "on this day, or during the present period"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "今天；当今",
    "en": "the current day or the present period"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Let's eat outside today while the weather is warm.",
    "zh": "今天天气暖和，我们到外面吃饭吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Today, many universities offer flexible courses that allow students to combine employment with further education.",
    "zh": "如今，许多大学开设灵活的课程，让学生能够兼顾工作和继续教育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "earlier today｜今天早些时候",
   "today's society｜当今社会",
   "from today｜从今天起"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "nowadays"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "today既可指今天，也可泛指当今；前面不用on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "today"
 },
 {
  "w": "plane",
  "uk": "/pleɪn/",
  "us": "/pleɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "飞机",
    "en": "a flying vehicle with wings and at least one engine"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "平面",
    "en": "a flat surface extending in every direction"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刨平",
    "en": "to make wood smooth using a special cutting tool"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our plane landed just before the rain began.",
    "zh": "我们的飞机刚降落，雨就下起来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Travelling by plane saves time, but its environmental impact should be considered when planning transport policy.",
    "zh": "乘飞机出行节省时间，但制定交通政策时应考虑其环境影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "by plane｜乘飞机",
   "board a plane｜登机",
   "a horizontal plane｜水平面",
   "plane a door｜刨平门板"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "aircraft"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "by plane不加冠词；on a plane需加冠词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plane"
 },
 {
  "w": "job",
  "uk": "/dʒɒb/",
  "us": "/dʒɑːb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工作；职位",
    "en": "paid work that someone does regularly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "任务；活儿",
    "en": "a particular task or piece of work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister found a job at the local library.",
    "zh": "我姐姐在当地图书馆找到了一份工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to practical training can help young people secure a job in a competitive labour market.",
    "zh": "获得实用技能培训能帮助年轻人在竞争激烈的劳动力市场中找到工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apply for a job｜申请工作",
   "a full-time job｜全职工作",
   "job satisfaction｜工作满意度",
   "do a good job｜干得出色"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jobless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "job指具体工作，可数；work泛指工作，通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "job"
 },
 {
  "w": "supermarket",
  "uk": "/ˈsuːpəmɑːkɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈsuːpɚmɑːrkɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "超级市场；超市",
    "en": "a large shop selling food and other everyday goods"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stopped at the supermarket to buy milk and rice.",
    "zh": "我们顺路去超市买了牛奶和大米。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Large supermarkets can offer lower prices, but their expansion may threaten independent shops in smaller communities.",
    "zh": "大型超市能提供更低的价格，但其扩张可能威胁小型社区里的独立商店。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "supermarket chain｜连锁超市",
   "supermarket checkout｜超市收银台",
   "supermarket shelves｜超市货架"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "在超市购物常说shop at a supermarket。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "supermarket"
 },
 {
  "w": "kitchen",
  "uk": "/ˈkɪtʃɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈkɪtʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "厨房",
    "en": "A room where food is prepared and cooked"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen smells of fresh bread and roasted vegetables.",
    "zh": "厨房里飘着新鲜面包和烤蔬菜的香味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shared kitchen facilities can encourage social interaction among students living in university accommodation away from home.",
    "zh": "共用厨房设施能促进离家住在大学宿舍的学生之间的社交互动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "kitchen appliances｜厨房电器",
   "kitchen sink｜厨房水槽",
   "shared kitchen｜共用厨房",
   "kitchen utensils｜厨具"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "kitchenette (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in the kitchen表示在厨房；ch读/tʃ/。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kitchen"
 },
 {
  "w": "when",
  "uk": "/wen/",
  "us": "/wen/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "什么时候",
    "en": "At what time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "当……时；一……就",
    "en": "At the time that something happens."
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "既然；考虑到",
    "en": "Considering that something is true."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "When does the next bus leave for town?",
    "zh": "下一班去镇上的公交车什么时候发车？"
   },
   {
    "en": "When cities invest in reliable public transport, residents are more likely to leave their cars at home.",
    "zh": "当城市投资建设可靠的公共交通时，居民就更可能不开私家车出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "when necessary｜必要时",
   "when possible｜尽可能",
   "since when｜从什么时候起"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "whenever (conj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表将来的时间从句中，when后通常用一般现在时。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "when"
 },
 {
  "w": "north",
  "uk": "/nɔːθ/",
  "us": "/nɔːrθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "北；北方；北部",
    "en": "the direction opposite south, or an area's northern part"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "北部的；朝北的",
    "en": "in the north or facing towards it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向北；在北方",
    "en": "towards or in the north"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The north of the island gets snow every winter.",
    "zh": "这座岛的北部每年冬天都会下雪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in rail connections could help towns in the north attract businesses and create more local jobs.",
    "zh": "投资铁路连接设施可以帮助北部城镇吸引企业，并创造更多本地就业岗位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the north of｜……的北部",
   "head north｜向北行进",
   "north coast｜北部海岸",
   "further north｜更往北"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "northern (adj.)",
   "northward (adv.)",
   "northerly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "south"
  ],
  "tip": "in the north of指在内部北部；north of指在其以北。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "north"
 },
 {
  "w": "sugar",
  "uk": "/ˈʃʊɡə/",
  "us": "/ˈʃʊɡɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "糖；食糖",
    "en": "A sweet substance used to make food and drinks sweeter"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She stirred a spoonful of sugar into her tea.",
    "zh": "她往茶里加了一勺糖，搅拌均匀。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing sugar consumption can help prevent health problems associated with an unhealthy diet.",
    "zh": "减少糖的摄入有助于预防与不健康饮食有关的健康问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "add sugar｜加糖",
   "sugar intake｜糖的摄入量",
   "blood sugar｜血糖",
   "sugar content｜含糖量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sugary (adj.)",
   "sugarless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指食糖时通常不可数；a spoonful of sugar指一勺糖。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sugar"
 },
 {
  "w": "husband",
  "uk": "/ˈhʌzbənd/",
  "us": "/ˈhʌzbənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "丈夫",
    "en": "a married man considered in relation to his spouse"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "节约使用",
    "en": "to use resources carefully so they last longer"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her husband brought her lunch during a busy shift.",
    "zh": "她忙着上班时，丈夫给她送来了午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When husbands share household responsibilities equally, both partners have more opportunities to pursue their careers.",
    "zh": "当丈夫平等分担家务时，伴侣双方都有更多机会发展事业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "her husband｜她的丈夫",
   "husband and wife｜夫妻",
   "husband resources｜节约使用资源"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "spouse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词时较正式，表示节约使用资源。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "husband"
 },
 {
  "w": "correct",
  "uk": "/kəˈrekt/",
  "us": "/kəˈrekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "正确的；准确的",
    "en": "free from mistakes and matching the facts"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "改正；纠正；批改",
    "en": "to identify mistakes or change something to make it right"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "恰当的；合适的",
    "en": "suitable or accepted as proper for a particular situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You were correct about the keys being under the sofa.",
    "zh": "你说钥匙在沙发下面，果然没错。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should help students correct their mistakes rather than simply provide them with the right answers.",
    "zh": "教师应帮助学生纠正错误，而不是仅仅给他们正确答案。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the correct answer｜正确答案",
   "correct a mistake｜纠正错误",
   "correct procedure｜正确流程",
   "factually correct｜符合事实的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "correction (n.)",
   "correctly (adv.)",
   "incorrect (adj.)",
   "correctness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "right",
   "accurate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "incorrect",
   "wrong"
  ],
  "tip": "既是形容词也是动词；correctly才是副词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "correct"
 },
 {
  "w": "animal",
  "uk": "/ˈænɪməl/",
  "us": "/ˈænɪməl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动物",
    "en": "a living creature that feeds on plants or other creatures"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "动物的",
    "en": "relating to animals rather than plants"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister loves watching animals at the local farm.",
    "zh": "我妹妹喜欢在当地农场看动物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting animal habitats is essential because biodiversity supports stable ecosystems and benefits human wellbeing.",
    "zh": "保护动物栖息地至关重要，因为生物多样性有助于维持生态系统稳定，并造福人类。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wild animal｜野生动物",
   "animal welfare｜动物福利",
   "animal behaviour｜动物行为",
   "animal habitat｜动物栖息地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "creature"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "animal 不仅指哺乳动物；鸟、鱼和昆虫也属于动物。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "animal"
 },
 {
  "w": "thirsty",
  "uk": "/ˈθɜːsti/",
  "us": "/ˈθɜːrsti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "口渴的",
    "en": "feeling that you need or want a drink"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "渴望的",
    "en": "having a strong desire for something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt thirsty after walking home in the sun.",
    "zh": "我顶着太阳走回家后觉得口渴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children who are thirsty for knowledge benefit from lessons that encourage questions and independent exploration.",
    "zh": "渴求知识的孩子能从鼓励提问和自主探索的课程中受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel thirsty｜感到口渴",
   "thirsty for knowledge｜渴求知识",
   "make someone thirsty｜使某人口渴"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thirst (n.)",
   "thirst (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示渴望某物用thirsty for，不用thirsty of。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thirsty"
 },
 {
  "w": "pen",
  "uk": "/pen/",
  "us": "/pen/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "笔；钢笔",
    "en": "A tool that uses ink to write or draw."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动物围栏；圈",
    "en": "A small enclosed area where animals are kept."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "撰写",
    "en": "To write a letter, story or other piece of writing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you lend me a pen for this form?",
    "zh": "你能借我一支笔填这张表吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some students prefer using a pen because writing by hand helps them organise their ideas.",
    "zh": "有些学生更喜欢用笔，因为手写有助于他们整理思路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ballpoint pen｜圆珠笔",
   "fountain pen｜钢笔",
   "a sheep pen｜羊圈",
   "pen a letter｜写一封信"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pen泛指墨水笔；钢笔可明确说fountain pen。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pen"
 },
 {
  "w": "leave",
  "uk": "/liːv/",
  "us": "/liːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "离开；出发",
    "en": "To go away from a person or place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "留下；忘带",
    "en": "To let something remain somewhere, deliberately or accidentally."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "休假；假期",
    "en": "An officially allowed period away from work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We need to leave before the traffic gets worse.",
    "zh": "我们得在交通变得更拥堵之前出发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Paid parental leave allows new parents to care for their children without immediately returning to work.",
    "zh": "带薪育儿假让新手父母能够照顾孩子，而不必立即重返工作岗位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "leave home｜离家",
   "leave a message｜留言",
   "leave for｜动身前往",
   "annual leave｜年假"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "leaver (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "depart"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "arrive"
  ],
  "tip": "leave 的过去式和过去分词均为 left。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "leave"
 },
 {
  "w": "window",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪndəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪndoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "窗；窗户",
    "en": "An opening with glass that lets light into a building"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电脑窗口",
    "en": "An area on a screen displaying a program or document"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可利用的短暂时机",
    "en": "A limited period when something can be done"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please open the window and let some fresh air in.",
    "zh": "请打开窗户，让新鲜空气进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing larger windows can reduce the need for artificial lighting in homes during daylight hours.",
    "zh": "安装更大的窗户可以减少住宅在白天对人工照明的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "open a window｜打开窗户",
   "window frame｜窗框",
   "browser window｜浏览器窗口",
   "a window of opportunity｜机会之窗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "windowless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "电脑窗口也叫window；机会之窗强调时机有限。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "window"
 },
 {
  "w": "ride",
  "uk": "/raɪd/",
  "us": "/raɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "骑；乘坐",
    "en": "To travel on a bicycle, animal, or vehicle."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乘车行程；骑行",
    "en": "A journey on a bicycle, animal, or vehicle."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We ride our bikes to the lake every weekend.",
    "zh": "我们每个周末都骑自行车去湖边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Safer cycling routes could encourage more residents to ride bicycles rather than drive for short urban journeys.",
    "zh": "更安全的自行车道可以鼓励更多居民在城市短途出行时骑车，而不是开车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ride a bike｜骑自行车",
   "ride a horse｜骑马",
   "go for a ride｜骑车或乘车兜风",
   "give someone a ride｜让某人搭车"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rider (n.)",
   "riding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不规则变化：ride—rode—ridden。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ride"
 },
 {
  "w": "leg",
  "uk": "/leɡ/",
  "us": "/leɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "腿",
    "en": "a body part used for standing and walking"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "家具的腿；支脚",
    "en": "a support beneath a table, chair, or similar object"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一段行程",
    "en": "one stage of a journey or race"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My legs felt tired after the long walk home.",
    "zh": "走了很长一段路回家后，我的双腿很累。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular walking strengthens the muscles in our legs and can improve health without expensive equipment.",
    "zh": "经常步行能增强腿部肌肉，无需昂贵器材就能改善健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stretch your legs｜活动一下腿脚",
   "a table leg｜桌腿",
   "the final leg of a journey｜旅程的最后一段"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "legged (adj.)",
   "legless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "leg也指桌椅的支脚或旅程中的一段。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "leg"
 },
 {
  "w": "tomato",
  "uk": "/təˈmɑːtəʊ/",
  "us": "/təˈmeɪtoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "番茄；西红柿",
    "en": "a soft, juicy fruit often eaten as a vegetable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sliced a ripe tomato for her cheese sandwich.",
    "zh": "她切了一个熟番茄，放进奶酪三明治里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing tomatoes in community gardens can improve access to fresh food in urban neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "在社区花园种植番茄，可以让城市居民更容易获得新鲜食物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ripe tomato｜熟番茄",
   "tomato sauce｜番茄酱汁",
   "cherry tomato｜圣女果"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数是tomatoes；英美发音的重读元音不同。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tomato"
 },
 {
  "w": "try",
  "uk": "/traɪ/",
  "us": "/traɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "尝试；试图",
    "en": "make an effort to do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "试用；试验",
    "en": "use or do something to see whether it works"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尝试",
    "en": "an attempt to do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'll try to fix the lamp before dinner.",
    "zh": "我会试着在晚饭前把灯修好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should try different teaching methods to meet the needs of students with varying abilities.",
    "zh": "学校应尝试不同的教学方法，以满足能力各异的学生的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "try to do something｜努力做某事",
   "try doing something｜试着做某事",
   "give it a try｜试一试",
   "try on clothes｜试穿衣服"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "retry (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "attempt"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "try to do强调努力；try doing强调试试办法。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "try"
 },
 {
  "w": "restaurant",
  "uk": "/ˈrestrɒnt/",
  "us": "/ˈrestərɑːnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "餐馆；餐厅",
    "en": "A place where people pay to eat prepared meals."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a quiet restaurant beside the river.",
    "zh": "我们在河边找到了一家安静的餐馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local restaurants can attract tourists by serving traditional dishes made with ingredients from nearby farms.",
    "zh": "当地餐馆可以用附近农场的食材制作传统菜肴，以此吸引游客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "book a table at a restaurant｜预订餐馆座位",
   "run a restaurant｜经营餐馆",
   "a seafood restaurant｜海鲜餐馆"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "restaurant指用餐场所；hotel主要指住宿的酒店。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "restaurant"
 },
 {
  "w": "bus",
  "uk": "/bʌs/",
  "us": "/bʌs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公共汽车",
    "en": "a large road vehicle that carries passengers"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用公共汽车运送",
    "en": "to transport people somewhere by bus"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We caught the last bus home after the concert.",
    "zh": "音乐会结束后，我们赶上了回家的末班公交车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "More frequent bus services could reduce traffic congestion and improve access to employment in outer suburbs.",
    "zh": "增加公交班次可以缓解交通拥堵，并改善远郊居民的就业出行条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "catch a bus｜赶上公交车",
   "bus stop｜公交车站",
   "bus route｜公交线路",
   "by bus｜乘公共汽车"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "by bus不加冠词；take a bus需加冠词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bus"
 },
 {
  "w": "father",
  "uk": "/ˈfɑːðə/",
  "us": "/ˈfɑːðər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "父亲；爸爸",
    "en": "A male parent."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奠基人；创始人",
    "en": "A man who established or greatly influenced a field."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "成为…的生父",
    "en": "To become the biological father of a child."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her father taught her to ride a bicycle.",
    "zh": "她爸爸教她骑自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working arrangements can allow fathers to take a more active role in raising their children.",
    "zh": "灵活的工作安排可以让父亲更积极地参与养育子女。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "single father｜单亲父亲",
   "father figure｜父亲般的人物",
   "biological father｜生父",
   "the father of modern medicine｜现代医学之父"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fatherhood (n.)",
   "fatherly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dad"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "father较正式，dad更口语化；父亲节用Father's Day。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "father"
 },
 {
  "w": "foot",
  "uk": "/fʊt/",
  "us": "/fʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脚；足",
    "en": "the body part below the ankle used for standing and walking"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英尺",
    "en": "a unit of length equal to twelve inches"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "底部；下端",
    "en": "the lowest part of something tall or sloping"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiny stone in my shoe hurt my foot.",
    "zh": "鞋里的一颗小石子硌疼了我的脚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Making essential services accessible on foot can encourage physical activity and reduce dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "让人们步行就能获得基本服务，可以促进身体活动并减少对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on foot｜步行",
   "at the foot of｜在……底部",
   "set foot in｜踏入",
   "foot the bill｜支付账单"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "footwear (n.)",
   "footprint (n.)",
   "footstep (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "脚和英尺的复数均为feet；步行用on foot。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "foot"
 },
 {
  "w": "airplane",
  "uk": "/ˈeəpleɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈerpleɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "飞机",
    "en": "A powered flying vehicle with fixed wings."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the airplane disappear behind a white cloud.",
    "zh": "我们看着飞机消失在一朵白云后面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Travelling by airplane connects remote communities to essential services, although it also contributes to carbon emissions.",
    "zh": "乘飞机出行让偏远社区能够获得必要服务，但也会增加碳排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "board an airplane｜登机",
   "fly an airplane｜驾驶飞机",
   "passenger airplane｜客机"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "plane",
   "aeroplane",
   "aircraft"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "airplane常用于美式英语，英式通常用aeroplane。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "airplane"
 },
 {
  "w": "French",
  "uk": "/frentʃ/",
  "us": "/frentʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "法国的；法语的",
    "en": "relating to France, its people, or its language"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "法语",
    "en": "the language spoken in France and several other countries"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "法国人（总称）",
    "en": "the people of France, referred to collectively as the French"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought fresh bread from a small French bakery.",
    "zh": "我们在一家法国面包店买了新鲜面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning French can improve employment prospects in regions where the language is widely used in business.",
    "zh": "在商业活动中广泛使用法语的地区，学习法语可以改善就业前景。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "French cuisine｜法国菜",
   "speak French｜说法语",
   "French literature｜法国文学",
   "the French｜法国人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母始终大写；the French表法国人总称。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "french"
 },
 {
  "w": "him",
  "uk": "/hɪm/",
  "us": "/hɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "他（宾格）",
    "en": "used for a male person receiving an action or following a preposition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother forgot his lunch, so I brought it to him.",
    "zh": "我哥哥忘了带午饭，所以我给他送了过去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When a student struggles with reading, teachers can support him through regular practice and constructive feedback.",
    "zh": "当一名男学生阅读有困难时，教师可以通过定期练习和建设性反馈帮助他。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "help him｜帮助他",
   "with him｜和他一起",
   "give him a chance｜给他一个机会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "he (pron.)",
   "his (det.)",
   "himself (pron.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "he作主语，him作动词或介词的宾语。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "him"
 },
 {
  "w": "p.m.",
  "uk": "/ˌpiː ˈem/",
  "us": "/ˌpiː ˈem/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "下午；午后至午夜前",
    "en": "after noon and before midnight, used when stating a time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The swimming pool closes at eight p.m. today.",
    "zh": "游泳池今天晚上八点关门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Keeping public libraries open until nine p.m. would allow more working adults to access educational resources.",
    "zh": "让公共图书馆开放至晚上九点，可以使更多在职成年人获取教育资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at three p.m.｜在下午三点",
   "until ten p.m.｜直到晚上十点"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "a.m."
  ],
  "tip": "放在时间后；12 p.m.是中午，12 a.m.是午夜。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "p-m"
 },
 {
  "w": "beginning",
  "uk": "/bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/",
  "us": "/bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "开始；开端",
    "en": "The first part or starting point of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We missed the beginning of the film yesterday.",
    "zh": "我们昨天错过了电影的开头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The beginning of formal education marks an important stage in a child's social development.",
    "zh": "正规教育的开始标志着儿童社会性发展的一个重要阶段。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at the beginning of｜在……开始时",
   "from beginning to end｜从头到尾",
   "a new beginning｜新的开始"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "begin (v.)",
   "beginner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "start",
   "opening"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "end"
  ],
  "tip": "at the beginning of后接名词；in the beginning表示起初。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beginning"
 },
 {
  "w": "dirty",
  "uk": "/ˈdɜːti/",
  "us": "/ˈdɝːti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "脏的",
    "en": "Covered with dirt or other unwanted substances."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "卑鄙的；不公平的",
    "en": "Dishonest or unfair, especially when trying to gain an advantage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弄脏；变脏",
    "en": "To make something dirty or become dirty."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please leave your dirty boots outside the kitchen door.",
    "zh": "请把你的脏靴子放在厨房门外。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Limited access to clean water forces many communities to rely on dirty sources that can spread disease.",
    "zh": "清洁水源不足迫使许多社区依赖可能传播疾病的污浊水源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dirty clothes｜脏衣服",
   "dirty water｜污水",
   "get dirty｜弄脏",
   "dirty tricks｜卑鄙伎俩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dirt (n.)",
   "dirtiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unclean",
   "filthy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "clean"
  ],
  "tip": "比较级dirtier，最高级dirtiest。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dirty"
 },
 {
  "w": "grammar",
  "uk": "/ˈɡræmə/",
  "us": "/ˈɡræmər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "语法；语法规则",
    "en": "The rules for combining words and changing their forms."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher explains grammar using examples from everyday conversations.",
    "zh": "我们的老师用日常对话中的例子讲解语法。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although grammar instruction is important, language courses should also give learners opportunities to communicate in realistic situations.",
    "zh": "虽然语法教学很重要，语言课程也应让学习者有机会在真实情境中交流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grammar rules｜语法规则",
   "English grammar｜英语语法",
   "correct grammar｜正确的语法",
   "a grammar exercise｜语法练习"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grammatical (adj.)",
   "grammatically (adv.)",
   "ungrammatical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示语法知识时不可数；一个语法错误用a grammar mistake。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grammar"
 },
 {
  "w": "that",
  "uk": "/ðæt/",
  "us": "/ðæt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "那；那个",
    "en": "used before a noun to identify something farther away"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "那个；那件事；关系代词",
    "en": "refers to something indicated, or introduces a defining relative clause"
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "引导陈述性从句",
    "en": "introduces a clause expressing a statement, belief, or fact"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you pass me that bowl beside the window?",
    "zh": "你能把窗边的那个碗递给我吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Research suggests that access to green spaces can improve mental health among people living in cities.",
    "zh": "研究表明，能够接触绿地有助于改善城市居民的心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at that time｜在那时",
   "that kind of｜那种",
   "now that｜既然",
   "so that｜以便"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作指示词时复数为those；引导宾语从句常可省略。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "that"
 },
 {
  "w": "ticket",
  "uk": "/ˈtɪkɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈtɪkɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "票；入场券",
    "en": "A paper or electronic pass allowing travel or entry."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "交通违章罚单",
    "en": "An official notice requiring payment for a traffic offence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "向……开交通罚单",
    "en": "To give someone an official notice for a traffic offence."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I bought a return ticket from the station machine.",
    "zh": "我在车站的售票机上买了一张往返票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Lower ticket prices could encourage more commuters to choose trains instead of driving to work.",
    "zh": "降低票价可以鼓励更多通勤者选择乘火车而非开车上班。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "return ticket｜往返票",
   "single ticket｜单程票",
   "parking ticket｜违章停车罚单",
   "book a ticket｜订票"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式single/return ticket分别指单程票和往返票。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ticket"
 },
 {
  "w": "third",
  "uk": "/θɜːd/",
  "us": "/θɝːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "第三",
    "en": "Coming after the second and before the fourth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "三分之一",
    "en": "One of three equal parts of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our flat is on the third floor, beside the lift.",
    "zh": "我们的公寓在三楼，电梯旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Approximately one third of the city's residents rely on public transport for their daily commute.",
    "zh": "该市约三分之一的居民依靠公共交通进行日常通勤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "third place｜第三名",
   "the third floor｜三楼",
   "one third of｜……的三分之一",
   "a third party｜第三方"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "three (num.)",
   "thirdly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示分数：one third；two thirds。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "third"
 },
 {
  "w": "maths",
  "uk": "/mæθs/",
  "us": "/mæθs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "数学",
    "en": "The study of quantities, shapes, and relationships using logical rules"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We used coloured blocks to practise maths after lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭后，我们用彩色积木练习数学。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strong maths skills help students interpret financial information and make informed decisions in everyday life.",
    "zh": "扎实的数学技能有助于学生理解财务信息，并在日常生活中作出明智决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "maths teacher｜数学老师",
   "maths lesson｜数学课",
   "maths skills｜数学技能",
   "good at maths｜擅长数学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mathematics (n.)",
   "mathematical (adj.)",
   "mathematically (adv.)",
   "mathematician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mathematics",
   "math"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式用 maths，美式用 math；作主语用单数动词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "maths"
 },
 {
  "w": "second",
  "uk": "/ˈsekənd/",
  "us": "/ˈsekənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "第二",
    "en": "Coming immediately after the first in an order."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "秒；片刻",
    "en": "A unit of time equal to one sixtieth of a minute."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "附议；支持提议",
    "en": "To formally support a proposal made by someone else."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This is my second cup of tea today.",
    "zh": "这是我今天喝的第二杯茶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning a second language can broaden career opportunities and help students understand perspectives from other cultures.",
    "zh": "学习第二语言可以拓宽职业机会，并帮助学生理解其他文化的观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "second place｜第二名",
   "a second chance｜第二次机会",
   "a split second｜一瞬间",
   "second a motion｜附议动议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "secondly (adv.)",
   "secondary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "the second指第二个；a second可指又一个。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "second"
 },
 {
  "w": "floor",
  "uk": "/flɔː/",
  "us": "/flɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地板；室内地面",
    "en": "The surface inside a building that people walk on."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "楼层",
    "en": "A level of a building."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海底；谷底",
    "en": "The bottom surface of a sea, valley, or similar area."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My keys fell onto the kitchen floor again.",
    "zh": "我的钥匙又掉到厨房地板上了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Converting unused upper floors into apartments could help cities address housing shortages without expanding outwards.",
    "zh": "把闲置的较高楼层改建成公寓，有助于城市在不向外扩张的情况下缓解住房短缺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wooden floor｜木地板",
   "ground floor｜底层",
   "top floor｜顶层",
   "ocean floor｜海底"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flooring (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式first floor是二楼；美式first floor是一楼。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "floor"
 },
 {
  "w": "farm",
  "uk": "/fɑːm/",
  "us": "/fɑːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "农场",
    "en": "land and buildings used for growing crops or raising animals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "务农；耕种；养殖",
    "en": "to grow crops or raise animals for food or other products"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought fresh eggs from a nearby farm.",
    "zh": "我们从附近的农场买了新鲜鸡蛋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small farms can support local food supplies while creating employment opportunities in rural communities.",
    "zh": "小型农场既能支持当地食品供应，也能为农村社区创造就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a dairy farm｜奶牛场",
   "work on a farm｜在农场工作",
   "farm animals｜农场牲畜",
   "farm the land｜耕种土地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "farmer (n.)",
   "farming (n.)",
   "farmland (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示在农场通常用on a farm，不用in。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "farm"
 },
 {
  "w": "low",
  "uk": "/ləʊ/",
  "us": "/loʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "低的；少的",
    "en": "Not high in position, amount, level, or degree."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "情绪低落的",
    "en": "Feeling sad or lacking confidence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在低处；低声地",
    "en": "At a small height, level, or volume."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The low shelf is easy for children to reach.",
    "zh": "这个低矮的架子很方便孩子们取东西。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Low wages can prevent essential workers from finding affordable housing close to their places of employment.",
    "zh": "低工资可能让从事必要服务的劳动者难以在工作地点附近找到负担得起的住房。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "low income｜低收入",
   "low temperatures｜低温",
   "feel low｜情绪低落",
   "run low on｜所剩不多"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lower (v.)",
   "lowly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "high"
  ],
  "tip": "价格低用low，东西便宜用cheap。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "low"
 },
 {
  "w": "painting",
  "uk": "/ˈpeɪntɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈpeɪntɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "绘画作品；画",
    "en": "A picture made using paint."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "绘画；画画",
    "en": "The activity of creating pictures with paint."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刷漆；粉刷",
    "en": "The activity of covering a surface with paint."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hung a colourful painting above the sofa.",
    "zh": "我们在沙发上方挂了一幅色彩鲜艳的画。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public galleries make important paintings accessible to everyone, regardless of their income or educational background.",
    "zh": "公共美术馆让所有人都能欣赏重要画作，不受收入或教育背景的限制。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "oil painting｜油画",
   "landscape painting｜风景画",
   "abstract painting｜抽象画",
   "house painting｜房屋粉刷"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "paint (v.)",
   "paint (n.)",
   "painter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "artwork"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指一幅画时可数；指绘画活动时不可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "painting"
 },
 {
  "w": "map",
  "uk": "/mæp/",
  "us": "/mæp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地图",
    "en": "A drawing showing where places or features are located"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "绘制地图；标出分布",
    "en": "To draw or record the position of places or features"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spread the map across the table before leaving.",
    "zh": "出发前，我们把地图铺在桌上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers use satellite images to map changes in forest cover and identify areas needing urgent protection.",
    "zh": "研究人员利用卫星图像绘制森林覆盖变化图，并确定急需保护的区域。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "read a map｜看地图",
   "street map｜街道地图",
   "map out a route｜规划路线",
   "map changes｜绘制变化分布图"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mapping (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "chart"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "map作动词时，过去式mapped，分词mapping。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "map"
 },
 {
  "w": "move",
  "uk": "/muːv/",
  "us": "/muːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "移动；搬家",
    "en": "To change position or go to live somewhere else."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使感动",
    "en": "To make someone feel a strong emotion."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行动；举措",
    "en": "An action taken to achieve a particular result."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you move this chair closer to the window?",
    "zh": "你能把这把椅子挪到靠窗一点的位置吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "The decision to expand public transport is a positive move towards reducing urban congestion.",
    "zh": "扩大公共交通的决定是缓解城市拥堵的一项积极举措。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "move house｜搬家",
   "move forward｜向前移动；取得进展",
   "be deeply moved｜深受感动",
   "a positive move｜积极举措"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "movement (n.)",
   "moving (adj.)",
   "movable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "moving指令人感动的，moved指感到感动的。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "move"
 },
 {
  "w": "send",
  "uk": "/send/",
  "us": "/send/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发送；寄送",
    "en": "To make something go or be delivered to another place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "派遣；打发",
    "en": "To arrange for someone to go somewhere."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please send me a photo of your new puppy.",
    "zh": "请发一张你家新养的小狗的照片给我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should send medical teams to isolated communities that lack access to basic healthcare.",
    "zh": "政府应向缺乏基本医疗服务的偏远社区派遣医疗队。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "send a message｜发送消息",
   "send a parcel｜寄包裹",
   "send someone to do something｜派某人去做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sender (n.)",
   "resend (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dispatch"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "receive"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为sent；可用send sth to sb。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "send"
 },
 {
  "w": "sixty",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪksti/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪksti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "六十",
    "en": "the number equal to six times ten"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather turned sixty and celebrated with a picnic.",
    "zh": "我爷爷满六十岁时，办了一次野餐来庆祝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The survey found that sixty percent of respondents preferred reliable buses to additional parking spaces.",
    "zh": "调查发现，百分之六十的受访者更希望公交服务可靠，而不是增加停车位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sixty percent｜百分之六十",
   "sixty years old｜六十岁",
   "in your sixties｜在六十多岁时"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sixtieth (num.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sixty重音在首音节；sixteen通常重读末音节。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sixty"
 },
 {
  "w": "list",
  "uk": "/lɪst/",
  "us": "/lɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "清单；名单",
    "en": "Related items or names written one below another."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "列出",
    "en": "To write or state items one after another."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I made a shopping list before leaving home.",
    "zh": "出门前，我列了一张购物清单。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The report lists several practical measures that cities can adopt to reduce traffic congestion.",
    "zh": "这份报告列出了城市可以采取的几项缓解交通拥堵的实用措施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a list｜列清单",
   "shopping list｜购物清单",
   "waiting list｜候补名单"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "listing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "在名单上用on the list，不用in。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "list"
 },
 {
  "w": "meet",
  "uk": "/miːt/",
  "us": "/miːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "遇见；会面；结识",
    "en": "come together with someone, by arrangement or chance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "满足；达到",
    "en": "fulfil a need or reach a required standard"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Let's meet outside the library after lunch today.",
    "zh": "我们今天午饭后在图书馆外见吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport services must meet the needs of residents who cannot afford private cars.",
    "zh": "公共交通服务必须满足那些买不起私家车的居民的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "meet someone for the first time｜初次见到某人",
   "meet requirements｜符合要求",
   "meet a deadline｜按期完成",
   "meet demand｜满足需求"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "meeting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为met；meet要求时意为满足。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meet"
 },
 {
  "w": "stay",
  "uk": "/steɪ/",
  "us": "/steɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "停留；暂住",
    "en": "To remain in a place or live somewhere temporarily."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "保持某种状态",
    "en": "To continue being in a particular condition."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "停留；暂住期间",
    "en": "A period spent living or visiting somewhere."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed at a small hotel beside the lake.",
    "zh": "我们住在湖边的一家小旅馆里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourists who stay longer in rural areas may contribute more to local businesses than short-term visitors.",
    "zh": "比起短期游客，在乡村停留更久的游客可能为当地商家带来更多收益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stay at a hotel｜住旅馆",
   "stay healthy｜保持健康",
   "stay in touch｜保持联系",
   "a short stay｜短暂停留"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "remain"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "leave"
  ],
  "tip": "stay后可直接接形容词，如stay calm保持冷静。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stay"
 },
 {
  "w": "food",
  "uk": "/fuːd/",
  "us": "/fuːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "食物；食品",
    "en": "Things people or animals eat to live and grow."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We packed enough food for a picnic by the lake.",
    "zh": "我们带了足够的食物，准备在湖边野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing food waste at home can save money and lower the environmental impact of household consumption.",
    "zh": "减少家庭食物浪费既能省钱，也能降低家庭消费对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fresh food｜新鲜食物",
   "food waste｜食物浪费",
   "food safety｜食品安全",
   "processed food｜加工食品"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "nourishment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指食物时不可数；foods表示不同种类的食物。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "food"
 },
 {
  "w": "music",
  "uk": "/ˈmjuːzɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈmjuːzɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "音乐；乐曲",
    "en": "Sounds arranged with rhythm or melody for people to enjoy"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乐谱",
    "en": "Written symbols showing how a piece should be played or sung"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Soft music drifted through the kitchen while we cooked.",
    "zh": "我们做饭时，轻柔的音乐在厨房里飘荡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning music at school can develop children's creativity and provide opportunities for cooperation through group performances.",
    "zh": "在学校学习音乐可以培养儿童的创造力，并通过集体表演提供合作机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "listen to music｜听音乐",
   "live music｜现场音乐",
   "classical music｜古典音乐",
   "a piece of music｜一首乐曲"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "musical (adj.)",
   "musician (n.)",
   "musically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "music不可数；一首乐曲说a piece of music。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "music"
 },
 {
  "w": "fridge",
  "uk": "/frɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/frɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冰箱",
    "en": "An electrical appliance that keeps food and drinks cold."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Put the milk back in the fridge, please.",
    "zh": "请把牛奶放回冰箱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing an energy-efficient fridge can reduce household electricity consumption and lower costs over time.",
    "zh": "选择节能冰箱可以减少家庭用电量，并在长期内降低开支。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the fridge｜在冰箱里",
   "fridge door｜冰箱门",
   "fridge freezer｜冷藏冷冻冰箱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "refrigerator"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fridge是refrigerator的常用简短说法。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fridge"
 },
 {
  "w": "website",
  "uk": "/ˈwebsaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈwebsaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "网站",
    "en": "A collection of connected web pages available on the internet"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I found the museum's opening hours on its website.",
    "zh": "我在博物馆的网站上查到了开放时间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-designed government website can make public services more accessible to people in remote areas.",
    "zh": "设计良好的政府网站能让偏远地区的居民更便捷地获取公共服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "visit a website｜访问网站",
   "official website｜官方网站",
   "website design｜网站设计",
   "launch a website｜上线网站"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "web (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "site"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "在网站上用on a website；webpage指单个网页。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "website"
 },
 {
  "w": "China",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃaɪnə/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃaɪnə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "中国",
    "en": "a country in East Asia"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin returned from China with beautiful mountain photographs.",
    "zh": "我的表亲从中国回来，带回了漂亮的山景照片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The expansion of high-speed rail in China illustrates how transport investment can improve connections between major cities.",
    "zh": "中国高铁网络的扩展说明了交通投资如何改善主要城市之间的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mainland China｜中国大陆",
   "visit China｜访问中国",
   "made in China｜中国制造"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Chinese (adj.)",
   "Chinese (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "China指中国；小写china指瓷器，形容词用Chinese。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "china"
 },
 {
  "w": "telephone",
  "uk": "/ˈtelɪfəʊn/",
  "us": "/ˈteləfoʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电话；电话机",
    "en": "A device or system for speaking to people far away."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打电话；打电话给",
    "en": "To contact someone or speak to them using a phone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The telephone rang just as I opened the door.",
    "zh": "我刚打开门，电话就响了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Telephone consultations can improve access to healthcare for rural residents who live far from medical centres.",
    "zh": "电话问诊可以让远离医疗中心的农村居民更方便地获得医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "telephone call｜电话通话",
   "telephone number｜电话号码",
   "by telephone｜通过电话",
   "answer the telephone｜接电话"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "phone"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "telephone并非美式专用；日常通常简称phone。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "telephone"
 },
 {
  "w": "question",
  "uk": "/ˈkwestʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈkwestʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "问题；疑问",
    "en": "Something you ask to obtain information or an answer"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "议题；待解决的问题",
    "en": "An issue that needs discussion, consideration, or a decision"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "询问；质疑",
    "en": "To ask someone for information or express doubt about something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I raised my hand to ask the teacher a question.",
    "zh": "我举手向老师提了一个问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers increasingly question whether longer working hours actually improve productivity in modern office environments.",
    "zh": "研究人员越来越质疑，在现代办公环境中，延长工作时间是否真的能提高生产效率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ask a question｜提问",
   "answer a question｜回答问题",
   "raise a question｜提出问题",
   "question an assumption｜质疑假设"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "questionable (adj.)",
   "questioning (adj.)",
   "questioner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "query"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词question可直接接人，表示询问或盘问。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "question"
 },
 {
  "w": "village",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪlɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈvɪlɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "村庄",
    "en": "A small community of homes, usually in the countryside."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "全村居民",
    "en": "The people who live in a village, considered together."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our village has a bakery beside the old bridge.",
    "zh": "我们村的老桥旁有一家面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable public transport can help village residents access employment, education, and healthcare in nearby towns.",
    "zh": "可靠的公共交通可以帮助村民前往附近城镇就业、求学和就医。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a remote village｜偏远村庄",
   "a fishing village｜渔村",
   "village life｜乡村生活",
   "village residents｜村民"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "villager (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "the whole village可指全村居民，而非建筑。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "village"
 },
 {
  "w": "news",
  "uk": "/njuːz/",
  "us": "/nuːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新闻；消息",
    "en": "information about recent events or something previously unknown"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新闻节目；新闻报道",
    "en": "a broadcast or report presenting recent events"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She called her sister to share the good news.",
    "zh": "她给姐姐打电话，分享这个好消息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People should check several reliable sources before sharing news about health issues on social media.",
    "zh": "人们在社交媒体上分享健康问题的新闻前，应核实多个可靠来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "good news｜好消息",
   "breaking news｜突发新闻",
   "watch the news｜看新闻",
   "a piece of news｜一条消息"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "news不可数且接单数谓语：The news is good。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "news"
 },
 {
  "w": "word",
  "uk": "/wɜːd/",
  "us": "/wɝːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "单词；词",
    "en": "A unit of language with meaning."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诺言；保证",
    "en": "A promise or assurance that someone gives."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "措辞；用言语表达",
    "en": "To express something using particular language."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I looked up the unfamiliar word in a dictionary.",
    "zh": "我在词典里查了那个不认识的单词。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students remember new words more effectively when they encounter them repeatedly in meaningful contexts.",
    "zh": "学生在有意义的语境中反复接触新词时，记忆效果会更好。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep your word｜信守诺言",
   "in other words｜换句话说",
   "word choice｜用词选择",
   "word a question carefully｜仔细斟酌问题的措辞"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wording (n.)",
   "wordy (adj.)",
   "wordless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "keep your word指守信，其中word不用复数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "word"
 },
 {
  "w": "dark",
  "uk": "/dɑːk/",
  "us": "/dɑrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "黑暗的；昏暗的",
    "en": "having little or no light"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "深色的",
    "en": "having a colour closer to black than white"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "黑暗；夜色",
    "en": "the absence of light, especially at night"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hallway was too dark to find my shoes.",
    "zh": "走廊太暗了，我找不到自己的鞋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poorly lit streets can feel dark and unsafe, discouraging residents from walking after sunset.",
    "zh": "照明不足的街道会显得昏暗、不安全，使居民不愿在日落后步行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get dark｜天色变暗",
   "dark blue｜深蓝色",
   "in the dark｜在黑暗中；不知情",
   "after dark｜天黑以后"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "darkness (n.)",
   "darken (v.)",
   "darkish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dim"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "bright",
   "light"
  ],
  "tip": "dark既指光线暗，也指颜色深；黑暗常用the dark。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dark"
 },
 {
  "w": "see",
  "uk": "/siː/",
  "us": "/siː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "看见",
    "en": "to notice something using your eyes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "理解；明白",
    "en": "to understand something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "会见；探望",
    "en": "to meet or visit someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I can see a rainbow above the trees.",
    "zh": "我能看见树梢上方有一道彩虹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When students see how science applies to everyday life, they often become more interested in learning.",
    "zh": "当学生理解科学如何应用于日常生活时，他们往往会对学习更感兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "see a doctor｜看医生",
   "see the difference｜看出区别",
   "see someone's point｜理解某人的意思"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "unseen (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式saw，过去分词seen；强调看见而非观看。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "see"
 },
 {
  "w": "potato",
  "uk": "/pəˈteɪtəʊ/",
  "us": "/pəˈteɪtoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "土豆；马铃薯",
    "en": "A round underground vegetable with brown, red, or yellow skin."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I baked a potato and filled it with cheese.",
    "zh": "我烤了一个土豆，并在里面填上奶酪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Potato farming provides an important source of food and income for many rural communities worldwide.",
    "zh": "马铃薯种植为世界各地许多农村社区提供了重要的食物和收入来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "baked potato｜烤土豆",
   "mashed potato｜土豆泥",
   "peel potatoes｜削土豆皮"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数是 potatoes，词尾加 es。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "potato"
 },
 {
  "w": "my",
  "uk": "/maɪ/",
  "us": "/maɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "我的",
    "en": "Belonging to or connected with the person speaking."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left my umbrella beside the front door.",
    "zh": "我把我的伞放在前门旁边了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In my view, cities should prioritise affordable housing rather than invest heavily in prestigious construction projects.",
    "zh": "在我看来，城市应优先提供可负担住房，而非大量投资于彰显声望的建设项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "my own｜我自己的",
   "in my opinion｜在我看来",
   "to my surprise｜令我惊讶的是"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "I (pron.)",
   "me (pron.)",
   "mine (pron.)",
   "myself (pron.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "my后须接名词；mine可独立使用，表示“我的”。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "my"
 },
 {
  "w": "later",
  "uk": "/ˈleɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈleɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "后来；稍后",
    "en": "at a time after now or another mentioned time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "较晚的；后期的",
    "en": "happening or existing after another time or stage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'll wash the dishes later, after we finish eating.",
    "zh": "等我们吃完饭，我稍后再洗碗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children who develop strong reading habits often achieve better academic results later in life.",
    "zh": "养成良好阅读习惯的孩子，往往在日后的学习中取得更好的成绩。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "see you later｜回头见",
   "later on｜以后；后来",
   "later in life｜在人生后期",
   "at a later stage｜在较后的阶段"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "late (adj.)",
   "late (adv.)",
   "lateness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "afterwards"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "earlier"
  ],
  "tip": "later表示稍后；latter表示两者中的后者。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "later"
 },
 {
  "w": "soon",
  "uk": "/suːn/",
  "us": "/suːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "不久；很快",
    "en": "After a short time from now or another stated time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dinner will be ready soon, so wash your hands.",
    "zh": "晚饭很快就好了，去洗手吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unless cities improve public transport soon, traffic congestion is likely to become increasingly severe.",
    "zh": "除非城市尽快改善公共交通，否则交通拥堵很可能日益严重。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "as soon as possible｜尽快",
   "soon after｜不久之后",
   "too soon｜太早",
   "see you soon｜回头见"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "shortly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "as soon as引导将来时间从句时，通常用一般现在时。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "soon"
 },
 {
  "w": "umbrella",
  "uk": "/ʌmˈbrelə/",
  "us": "/ʌmˈbrelə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雨伞；阳伞",
    "en": "a folding cover on a stick protecting against rain or sun"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "统括的；综合性的",
    "en": "including several different groups, activities, or ideas"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared an umbrella on the walk home.",
    "zh": "走路回家时，我们共撑一把伞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An umbrella organisation can help small charities coordinate their activities and share resources more effectively.",
    "zh": "一个联合组织可以帮助小型慈善机构协调活动，更有效地共享资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "open an umbrella｜撑开伞",
   "under an umbrella｜在伞下",
   "umbrella organisation｜联合组织",
   "umbrella term｜统称"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "umbrella term指涵盖多个相关概念的统称。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "umbrella"
 },
 {
  "w": "after",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːftə/",
  "us": "/ˈæftər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……之后",
    "en": "later than an event or time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "在……之后",
    "en": "following the time when something happens"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……后面；追赶",
    "en": "behind or following someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We usually take a short walk after dinner.",
    "zh": "我们通常在晚饭后散一小会儿步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "After cities improve public transport, more residents may choose to leave their cars at home.",
    "zh": "城市改善公共交通后，更多居民可能会选择不开车出门。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "after school｜放学后",
   "after a while｜过了一会儿",
   "look after｜照顾",
   "run after｜追赶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "before"
  ],
  "tip": "介词后接名词或动名词；连词后接完整从句。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "after"
 },
 {
  "w": "around",
  "uk": "/əˈraʊnd/",
  "us": "/əˈraʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "围绕；在…周围",
    "en": "On different sides of something or surrounding it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "大约；左右",
    "en": "Approximately, rather than exactly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "四处；到处",
    "en": "In or to various places within an area."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sat around the fire and watched the stars.",
    "zh": "我们围坐在火堆旁看星星。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting trees around school buildings can provide shade and reduce indoor temperatures during hot weather.",
    "zh": "在教学楼周围种树可以提供遮阴，并在炎热天气下降低室内温度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "around the world｜世界各地",
   "around the corner｜在拐角处；即将到来",
   "look around｜四处看看",
   "around midday｜中午前后"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "around可表大约；around ten即十点或十个左右。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "around"
 },
 {
  "w": "by",
  "uk": "/baɪ/",
  "us": "/baɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "由；被",
    "en": "Shows who or what performs an action in passive sentences."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "通过；以某种方式",
    "en": "Using a particular method or means."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "不迟于；在……之前",
    "en": "No later than a particular time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This wooden bowl was made by my grandfather.",
    "zh": "这个木碗是我祖父做的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban air quality can be improved by expanding public transport and encouraging residents to cycle more often.",
    "zh": "扩大公共交通服务并鼓励居民更多骑车，可以改善城市空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "by bus｜乘公交车",
   "by doing something｜通过做某事",
   "by the end of｜不迟于……结束时",
   "by hand｜用手工"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "by表示截止时间；until表示状态持续到某时。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "by"
 },
 {
  "w": "smell",
  "uk": "/smel/",
  "us": "/smel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "气味；嗅觉",
    "en": "a quality sensed through the nose, or that sensing ability"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "闻到；嗅",
    "en": "notice or examine something using your nose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "有……气味",
    "en": "have or give off a particular scent"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The smell of fresh bread filled our kitchen.",
    "zh": "新鲜面包的香味弥漫在我们的厨房里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A reduced sense of smell can affect appetite and make it harder to detect spoiled food.",
    "zh": "嗅觉减退会影响食欲，也会让人更难察觉变质的食物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sense of smell｜嗅觉",
   "strong smell｜浓烈的气味",
   "smell fresh｜闻起来新鲜",
   "smell of smoke｜有烟味"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "smelly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "odour",
   "scent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "smell作系动词后接形容词，如smell good。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "smell"
 },
 {
  "w": "grandparent",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrænpeərənt/",
  "us": "/ˈɡrænperənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "祖父母或外祖父母之一",
    "en": "The father or mother of one of your parents."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each grandparent brought a homemade dish to our picnic.",
    "zh": "每位祖辈都带了一道自制的菜来参加我们的野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A grandparent can provide valuable emotional support when both parents work outside the home.",
    "zh": "当父母都在外工作时，祖父母或外祖父母可以提供宝贵的情感支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grandparents and grandchildren｜祖辈与孙辈",
   "visit your grandparents｜探望祖父母或外祖父母",
   "maternal grandparents｜外祖父母"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grandmother (n.)",
   "grandfather (n.)",
   "grandchild (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单数指一位祖辈；复数可指祖父母或外祖父母。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grandparent"
 },
 {
  "w": "friendly",
  "uk": "/ˈfrendli/",
  "us": "/ˈfrendli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "友好的；亲切的",
    "en": "Kind, welcoming, and pleasant towards other people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "友谊赛",
    "en": "A sports match played outside an official competition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our new neighbour is friendly and always waves hello.",
    "zh": "我们的新邻居很友善，总是挥手打招呼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Friendly staff can improve patients' experiences and encourage them to seek medical advice earlier.",
    "zh": "亲切的工作人员能改善患者的就医体验，并鼓励他们更早寻求医疗建议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "friendly smile｜友善的微笑",
   "friendly atmosphere｜友好的氛围",
   "friendly match｜友谊赛",
   "friendly towards newcomers｜对新来者友好"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "friend (n.)",
   "friendship (n.)",
   "friendliness (n.)",
   "unfriendly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "welcoming",
   "amiable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfriendly",
   "hostile"
  ],
  "tip": "虽以-ly结尾，却是形容词，不是副词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "friendly"
 },
 {
  "w": "wide",
  "uk": "/waɪd/",
  "us": "/waɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "宽的；宽阔的",
    "en": "measuring a large distance from one side to the other"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "广泛的；种类多的",
    "en": "including many different people, things, or possibilities"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "充分地张开",
    "en": "as far open as possible"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sofa will not fit through this wide doorway.",
    "zh": "即使门口这么宽，这张沙发也搬不进去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should offer a wide range of courses to meet students' different interests and career goals.",
    "zh": "大学应提供种类丰富的课程，以满足学生不同的兴趣和职业目标。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wide road｜宽阔的道路",
   "a wide range of｜各种各样的",
   "wide open｜完全敞开的",
   "a wide gap｜巨大差距"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "width (n.)",
   "widen (v.)",
   "widely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "broad"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "narrow"
  ],
  "tip": "wide表示张开程度；widely常表示广泛地。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wide"
 },
 {
  "w": "fly",
  "uk": "/flaɪ/",
  "us": "/flaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "飞；飞行",
    "en": "to move through the air using wings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "乘飞机旅行；驾驶飞机",
    "en": "to travel in or control an aircraft"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "苍蝇",
    "en": "a small insect with two wings, often found near food"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Small birds fly over our garden every morning.",
    "zh": "每天早晨都有小鸟飞过我们的花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing to travel by train rather than fly can significantly reduce the environmental impact of short journeys.",
    "zh": "短途出行选择火车而非飞机，可以显著减少对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fly abroad｜乘飞机出国",
   "fly a plane｜驾驶飞机",
   "fly a kite｜放风筝",
   "a swarm of flies｜一群苍蝇"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flight (n.)",
   "flying (adj.)",
   "flyer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词变化fly–flew–flown；苍蝇复数为flies。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fly"
 },
 {
  "w": "cold",
  "uk": "/kəʊld/",
  "us": "/koʊld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冷的；寒冷的",
    "en": "Having a low temperature or feeling a lack of warmth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "感冒",
    "en": "A common illness causing sneezing, coughing, and a runny nose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冷淡的；不友好的",
    "en": "Showing little friendliness, affection, or sympathy."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My hands were cold, so I put on gloves.",
    "zh": "我的手很冷，于是戴上了手套。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cold weather can increase household energy costs, placing additional pressure on families with limited incomes.",
    "zh": "寒冷天气会增加家庭能源开支，给收入有限的家庭带来额外压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cold weather｜寒冷天气",
   "catch a cold｜患感冒",
   "have a cold｜感冒了",
   "a cold welcome｜冷淡的迎接"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coldness (n.)",
   "coldly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "chilly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hot",
   "warm"
  ],
  "tip": "“觉得冷”用be cold；“感冒了”用have a cold。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cold"
 },
 {
  "w": "children",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃɪldrən/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃɪldrən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "儿童；孩子们",
    "en": "Young people who have not yet become adults."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "子女",
    "en": "Someone's sons or daughters, regardless of their age."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children built a sandcastle together on the beach.",
    "zh": "孩子们一起在海滩上堆了一座沙堡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Safe public parks give children opportunities to exercise, develop social skills, and explore the natural world.",
    "zh": "安全的公共公园为儿童提供了锻炼身体、发展社交技能和探索自然的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "young children｜幼儿",
   "raise children｜抚养孩子",
   "children's books｜儿童读物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "child (n.)",
   "childhood (n.)",
   "childish (adj.)",
   "childless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "kids"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "adults"
  ],
  "tip": "child 的不规则复数；所有格为 children's。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "children"
 },
 {
  "w": "trousers",
  "uk": "/ˈtraʊzəz/",
  "us": "/ˈtraʊzərz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "裤子；长裤",
    "en": "Clothing covering the waist and legs, with separate leg sections."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These trousers are too long, so I need them shortened.",
    "zh": "这条裤子太长了，我需要把它改短。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some employers require staff to wear formal trousers, while others allow more casual clothing in the workplace.",
    "zh": "一些雇主要求员工穿正式长裤，另一些则允许员工在工作场所穿得更休闲。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of trousers｜一条长裤",
   "formal trousers｜正装长裤",
   "try on trousers｜试穿长裤"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "pants"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用复数：trousers are；一条用a pair of trousers。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trousers"
 },
 {
  "w": "farmer",
  "uk": "/ˈfɑːmə/",
  "us": "/ˈfɑːrmər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "农民；农场主",
    "en": "someone who grows crops or raises animals on a farm"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer feeds her chickens before the sun rises.",
    "zh": "这位农民在日出前给她的鸡喂食。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small farmers need reliable access to water and affordable technology to maintain production during dry periods.",
    "zh": "小农户需要可靠的水源和负担得起的技术，才能在干旱期间维持生产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dairy farmer｜奶农",
   "local farmers｜当地农民",
   "small farmers｜小农户",
   "sheep farmer｜养羊农场主"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "farm (n.)",
   "farm (v.)",
   "farming (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "farmer指人，farm指农场，farming指农业生产。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "farmer"
 },
 {
  "w": "coffee",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒfi/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːfi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "咖啡；咖啡粉；咖啡豆",
    "en": "A drink made from roasted beans, or the beans and powder."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I drink coffee with milk before leaving for work.",
    "zh": "我上班出门前会喝一杯加奶咖啡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising temperatures may threaten coffee production, affecting the incomes of farmers in several developing countries.",
    "zh": "气温上升可能威胁咖啡生产，影响一些发展中国家农民的收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cup of coffee｜一杯咖啡",
   "black coffee｜黑咖啡",
   "coffee beans｜咖啡豆",
   "instant coffee｜速溶咖啡"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；点单时two coffees指两杯咖啡。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coffee"
 },
 {
  "w": "shoe",
  "uk": "/ʃuː/",
  "us": "/ʃuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鞋",
    "en": "A covering for the foot, usually with a firm sole."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There was a small stone inside my shoe.",
    "zh": "我的鞋里有一颗小石子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Comfortable shoes are essential for workers who spend most of their working day standing.",
    "zh": "对于工作时大部分时间都站着的员工来说，舒适的鞋子至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of shoes｜一双鞋",
   "running shoes｜跑鞋",
   "put on your shoes｜穿上鞋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shoeless (adj.)",
   "shoemaker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一双鞋用a pair of shoes，shoe为可数名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shoe"
 },
 {
  "w": "bike",
  "uk": "/baɪk/",
  "us": "/baɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自行车；摩托车",
    "en": "a bicycle or, informally, a motorcycle"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "骑自行车",
    "en": "to travel somewhere by bicycle"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I locked my bike outside the corner shop.",
    "zh": "我把自行车锁在街角商店外面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Encouraging commuters to travel by bike could reduce urban congestion and improve public health.",
    "zh": "鼓励通勤者骑自行车出行可以缓解城市拥堵，并改善公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ride a bike｜骑自行车",
   "by bike｜骑自行车",
   "bike lane｜自行车道",
   "mountain bike｜山地自行车"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "biker (n.)",
   "biking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bicycle",
   "cycle"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "by bike不加冠词；ride a bike中的a不能省。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bike"
 },
 {
  "w": "little",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪtəl/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪtəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "小的；年幼的",
    "en": "Small in size or young in age."
   },
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "很少的；几乎没有的",
    "en": "Not much; almost no amount of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "很少；略微",
    "en": "Only slightly or not very much."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A little bird landed on our kitchen windowsill.",
    "zh": "一只小鸟落在我们厨房的窗台上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many rural schools have little access to digital resources, which can widen existing educational inequalities.",
    "zh": "许多农村学校很难获得数字资源，这可能加剧现有的教育不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a little child｜一个小孩子",
   "little time｜很少的时间",
   "a little water｜一点水",
   "little by little｜逐渐地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "littleness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "small",
   "tiny"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "big",
   "much"
  ],
  "tip": "little加不可数名词表示几乎没有；a little表示有一点。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "little"
 },
 {
  "w": "sweet",
  "uk": "/swiːt/",
  "us": "/swiːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "甜的",
    "en": "Having a taste like sugar or honey."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "亲切的；贴心的",
    "en": "Kind, gentle, or thoughtful."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "糖果",
    "en": "A small piece of sugary food eaten as a treat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These strawberries are sweet enough to eat without sugar.",
    "zh": "这些草莓已经够甜了，不加糖也好吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing children's consumption of sweet drinks may lower their risk of tooth decay and excessive weight gain.",
    "zh": "减少儿童含糖饮料的摄入，可能降低他们蛀牙和体重过度增长的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sweet taste｜甜味",
   "sweet tooth｜对甜食的喜爱",
   "sweet smile｜甜美的微笑",
   "sweet drinks｜甜饮料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sweeten (v.)",
   "sweetness (n.)",
   "sweetener (n.)",
   "sweetly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sugary",
   "kind"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "bitter"
  ],
  "tip": "糖果英式常用sweets，美式常用candy。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sweet"
 },
 {
  "w": "morning",
  "uk": "/ˈmɔːnɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "早晨；上午",
    "en": "The part of the day between midnight and noon"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I open the curtains every morning and water my plants.",
    "zh": "我每天早晨拉开窗帘，给植物浇水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools that start later in the morning may help teenagers get enough sleep and concentrate better.",
    "zh": "上午较晚上课的学校可能有助于青少年获得充足睡眠，更好地集中注意力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "early morning｜清晨",
   "in the morning｜在早晨；在上午",
   "on Monday morning｜在星期一早上",
   "every morning｜每天早晨"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指用in the morning；具体某天早上用on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "morning"
 },
 {
  "w": "outside",
  "uk": "/ˌaʊtˈsaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˌaʊtˈsaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在外面；向外面",
    "en": "In or towards a place that is not inside."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在…外；超出…范围",
    "en": "Beyond the boundaries or limits of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "外面的；外部的",
    "en": "Located on the outer part or coming from elsewhere."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children played outside while their parents prepared lunch.",
    "zh": "父母准备午饭时，孩子们在外面玩耍。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should provide opportunities for students to learn outside the classroom through practical activities and community projects.",
    "zh": "学校应通过实践活动和社区项目，为学生提供课堂之外的学习机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go outside｜到外面去",
   "outside the classroom｜在课堂之外",
   "outside help｜外部帮助",
   "the outside world｜外界"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "outsider (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "inside"
  ],
  "tip": "后接地点用介词 outside；单独使用可作副词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outside"
 },
 {
  "w": "pasta",
  "uk": "/ˈpæstə/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːstə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意大利面食",
    "en": "food made from flour and water, shaped and usually boiled"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cooked pasta with fresh tomatoes and mushrooms.",
    "zh": "我们用新鲜番茄和蘑菇做了意大利面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School canteens can serve wholegrain pasta with vegetables to provide affordable meals with more fibre.",
    "zh": "学校食堂可以供应搭配蔬菜的全麦意大利面，提供价格实惠、膳食纤维更多的餐食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cook pasta｜煮意大利面",
   "pasta sauce｜意面酱",
   "fresh pasta｜新鲜意面",
   "wholegrain pasta｜全麦意面"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；一份意面可说a bowl of pasta。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pasta"
 },
 {
  "w": "black",
  "uk": "/blæk/",
  "us": "/blæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "黑色的",
    "en": "having the darkest colour, like coal"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "黑色",
    "en": "the darkest colour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "黑人的",
    "en": "relating to people with ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wore a black coat and bright yellow boots.",
    "zh": "她穿着黑色外套和亮黄色靴子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Black roofs absorb more sunlight than pale roofs, potentially increasing the energy needed for cooling.",
    "zh": "黑色屋顶比浅色屋顶吸收更多阳光，可能增加制冷所需的能源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "black coffee｜不加奶的咖啡",
   "black and white｜黑白的",
   "turn black｜变黑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blackness (n.)",
   "blacken (v.)",
   "blackish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "white"
  ],
  "tip": "指族裔时常大写为Black；避免用作单数名词称人。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "black"
 },
 {
  "w": "basketball",
  "uk": "/ˈbɑːskɪtbɔːl/",
  "us": "/ˈbæskɪtbɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "篮球运动",
    "en": "a game where teams throw a ball through raised hoops"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "篮球",
    "en": "the large round ball used in this game"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We play basketball at the park after school.",
    "zh": "放学后，我们在公园打篮球。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Team sports such as basketball help young people develop cooperation skills while improving their physical fitness.",
    "zh": "篮球等团队运动有助于年轻人培养协作能力，同时增强体质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play basketball｜打篮球",
   "basketball court｜篮球场",
   "basketball team｜篮球队",
   "basketball hoop｜篮球筐"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "play basketball不加冠词；指一个球用a basketball。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "basketball"
 },
 {
  "w": "tiger",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪɡə/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪɡər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "老虎",
    "en": "A large wild cat with dark stripes on orange fur"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tiger rested in the shade beside a pool.",
    "zh": "那只老虎在水池旁的阴凉处休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting tiger habitats also helps conserve other species that share the same forest ecosystems.",
    "zh": "保护老虎栖息地也有助于保护同一森林生态系统中的其他物种。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wild tiger｜野生老虎",
   "tiger conservation｜老虎保护",
   "tiger habitat｜老虎栖息地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；一只老虎用a tiger。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tiger"
 },
 {
  "w": "Christmas",
  "uk": "/ˈkrɪsməs/",
  "us": "/ˈkrɪsməs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "圣诞节；圣诞节期间",
    "en": "the Christian festival celebrating Jesus's birth, or the surrounding period"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our family usually shares a special meal at Christmas.",
    "zh": "我们一家通常在圣诞节一起享用一顿特别的饭菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During Christmas, increased consumer spending can benefit local shops, although it may also generate additional packaging waste.",
    "zh": "圣诞节期间，消费支出的增加可以使当地商店受益，但也可能产生更多包装废弃物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Christmas Eve｜平安夜",
   "Christmas Day｜圣诞节当天",
   "Christmas tree｜圣诞树",
   "at Christmas｜在圣诞节期间"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母大写；节日期间用at，当天用on Christmas Day。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "christmas"
 },
 {
  "w": "desk",
  "uk": "/desk/",
  "us": "/desk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "书桌；办公桌",
    "en": "A table used for studying, writing, or office work"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "服务台；接待处",
    "en": "A counter where people receive information or services"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I keep my pencils in the top desk drawer.",
    "zh": "我把铅笔放在书桌最上面的抽屉里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing every student with a suitable desk can improve comfort and concentration in the classroom.",
    "zh": "为每位学生提供合适的课桌可以提高课堂上的舒适度和专注度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "desk drawer｜书桌抽屉",
   "reception desk｜接待处",
   "sit at a desk｜坐在书桌前"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "在书桌前用at a desk，不用on a desk。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "desk"
 },
 {
  "w": "tell",
  "uk": "/tel/",
  "us": "/tel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "告诉；讲述",
    "en": "Give someone information or describe something in words."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吩咐；命令",
    "en": "Instruct someone to do something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "辨别；看出",
    "en": "Recognise a difference or know something from available evidence."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please tell me what happened at school today.",
    "zh": "请告诉我今天在学校发生了什么。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should tell parents how personal information about their children is collected and stored.",
    "zh": "学校应告知家长，孩子的个人信息是如何被收集和保存的。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tell a story｜讲故事",
   "tell the truth｜说实话",
   "tell someone to do something｜吩咐某人做某事",
   "tell the difference｜辨别差异"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "teller (n.)",
   "retell (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tell常直接接人；say接人时通常用to。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tell"
 },
 {
  "w": "course",
  "uk": "/kɔːs/",
  "us": "/kɔːrs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "课程",
    "en": "A series of lessons about a particular subject."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "路线；进程",
    "en": "The route something follows or the way events develop."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一道菜",
    "en": "One part of a meal served separately from other parts."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I joined a cooking course at the community centre.",
    "zh": "我报名参加了社区中心的烹饪课程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should design each course to combine theoretical knowledge with practical skills relevant to future employment.",
    "zh": "大学应在设计每门课程时，将理论知识与未来就业所需的实用技能相结合。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a course｜修读课程",
   "training course｜培训课程",
   "change course｜改变路线",
   "main course｜主菜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coursework (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "course 是整门课程；lesson 是其中的一节课。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "course"
 },
 {
  "w": "beach",
  "uk": "/biːtʃ/",
  "us": "/biːtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海滩；湖滩",
    "en": "an area of sand or small stones beside water"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使上岸；使搁浅",
    "en": "to bring a boat onto a shore"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We collected smooth stones on the beach after breakfast.",
    "zh": "早餐后，我们在海滩上捡了些光滑的石头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should protect beaches from plastic waste while ensuring that tourism benefits nearby communities.",
    "zh": "地方政府应保护海滩免受塑料垃圾污染，同时确保旅游业惠及附近社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sandy beach｜沙滩",
   "a pebble beach｜卵石海滩",
   "on the beach｜在海滩上",
   "beach cleanup｜海滩清理活动"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "shore"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "在海滩上用on the beach；shore泛指岸边。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beach"
 },
 {
  "w": "below",
  "uk": "/bɪˈləʊ/",
  "us": "/bɪˈloʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……下方；低于",
    "en": "At a lower position, level, or amount than something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在下面；在下文",
    "en": "In a lower place or later in a piece of writing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our cat sleeps on the shelf below the window.",
    "zh": "我们的猫睡在窗户下方的架子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Households with incomes below the national average may struggle to afford adequate heating during winter.",
    "zh": "收入低于全国平均水平的家庭可能难以负担冬季充足供暖的费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "below average｜低于平均水平",
   "below sea level｜低于海平面",
   "below freezing｜低于冰点"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "above"
  ],
  "tip": "below强调位置或数值较低，不一定在正下方。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "below"
 },
 {
  "w": "wife",
  "uk": "/waɪf/",
  "us": "/waɪf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "妻子",
    "en": "a woman who is married to someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His wife packed sandwiches for their afternoon walk.",
    "zh": "他的妻子为他们下午的散步准备了三明治。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A husband and wife may share childcare responsibilities more equally when both have flexible working hours.",
    "zh": "如果夫妻双方的工作时间都很灵活，他们就可能更平等地分担育儿责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "husband and wife｜夫妻",
   "his wife｜他的妻子",
   "future wife｜未来的妻子"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "spouse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为wives；spouse指配偶，不限定性别。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wife"
 },
 {
  "w": "there",
  "uk": "/ðeə/",
  "us": "/ðer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在那里；往那里",
    "en": "In, at, or towards that place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "用于表示存在的句式",
    "en": "Used before a verb to introduce something that exists."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leave your muddy boots there, beside the back door.",
    "zh": "把你沾满泥的靴子放在那儿，就在后门旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "There are several practical ways for cities to reduce waste without increasing household expenses.",
    "zh": "城市可以采取几种切实可行的办法，在不增加家庭开支的情况下减少垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "over there｜在那边",
   "there is｜有；存在",
   "there are｜有；存在",
   "from there｜从那里"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "here"
  ],
  "tip": "there表地点或引出存在句；别与their混淆。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "there"
 },
 {
  "w": "drive",
  "uk": "/draɪv/",
  "us": "/draɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "驾驶；开车",
    "en": "to control a vehicle and make it move"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推动；驱使",
    "en": "to cause something to develop or someone to act"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "驾车出行；动力；驱动器",
    "en": "a car journey, strong motivation, or a computer storage device"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you drive me to the station after breakfast?",
    "zh": "早饭后你能开车送我去车站吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumer demand can drive innovation by encouraging companies to develop products that use fewer natural resources.",
    "zh": "消费者需求可以鼓励企业开发消耗更少自然资源的产品，从而推动创新。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "drive to work｜开车上班",
   "drive economic growth｜推动经济增长",
   "go for a drive｜开车兜风",
   "hard drive｜硬盘"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "driver (n.)",
   "driving (n.)",
   "driven (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不规则变化：drive—drove—driven；送某人用drive sb to。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drive"
 },
 {
  "w": "face",
  "uk": "/feɪs/",
  "us": "/feɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脸；面部",
    "en": "The front of the head, including eyes, nose, and mouth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "面临；面对",
    "en": "To encounter or deal with a difficult situation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "面向；朝向",
    "en": "To look or point in a particular direction."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He washed his face before sitting down for breakfast.",
    "zh": "他洗了脸才坐下来吃早餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many coastal cities face increasing risks from flooding as sea levels rise and extreme weather becomes more frequent.",
    "zh": "随着海平面上升和极端天气日益频繁，许多沿海城市面临越来越大的洪水风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wash your face｜洗脸",
   "face a challenge｜面对挑战",
   "face south｜朝南",
   "face to face｜面对面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "facial (adj.)",
   "faceless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "面对困难可说face difficulties或be faced with difficulties。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "face"
 },
 {
  "w": "teacher",
  "uk": "/ˈtiːtʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈtiːtʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "教师；老师",
    "en": "someone whose job is to help people learn"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher brought a plant into class today.",
    "zh": "我们的老师今天带了一株植物来上课。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-trained teacher can adapt classroom activities to support students with different learning needs and abilities.",
    "zh": "训练有素的教师能够调整课堂活动，以帮助学习需求和能力各不相同的学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "primary school teacher｜小学教师",
   "qualified teacher｜具备资质的教师",
   "teacher training｜教师培训"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "teach (v.)",
   "teaching (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "educator",
   "instructor"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英语中称呼老师通常用Mr、Ms等加姓，不直接喊Teacher。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "teacher"
 },
 {
  "w": "road",
  "uk": "/rəʊd/",
  "us": "/roʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "道路；公路",
    "en": "a hard surface built for vehicles to travel along"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "途径；进程",
    "en": "a way of reaching a particular result or situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Look both ways before you cross the road.",
    "zh": "过马路前要向两边看。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in road maintenance can improve public safety and reduce transport costs for local businesses.",
    "zh": "投资道路养护能提高公共安全水平，并降低当地企业的运输成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "road safety｜道路安全",
   "a main road｜主干道",
   "road maintenance｜道路养护",
   "the road to recovery｜康复之路"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "roadside (n.)",
   "roadway (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on the road常指在旅途中；road to可比喻通往某结果的途径。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "road"
 },
 {
  "w": "hot",
  "uk": "/hɒt/",
  "us": "/hɑːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "热的；温度高的",
    "en": "Having a high temperature."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "辣的",
    "en": "Having a strong taste that burns your mouth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "热门的；备受关注的",
    "en": "Attracting a lot of interest or discussion."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Be careful; the soup is still very hot.",
    "zh": "小心，汤还很烫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As summers become increasingly hot, cities need more shaded public spaces to protect residents from heat.",
    "zh": "随着夏季越来越炎热，城市需要更多有遮阴设施的公共空间来保护居民免受高温影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hot weather｜炎热天气",
   "hot water｜热水",
   "hot peppers｜辣椒",
   "a hot topic｜热门话题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hotly (adv.)",
   "hotness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "heated"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cold"
  ],
  "tip": "形容食物时可指“烫”或“辣”，需结合语境。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hot"
 },
 {
  "w": "blue",
  "uk": "/bluː/",
  "us": "/bluː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "蓝色的",
    "en": "having the colour of a clear daytime sky"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蓝色",
    "en": "the colour of a clear daytime sky"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "忧郁的；沮丧的",
    "en": "feeling sad or unhappy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He wore a blue jacket to the picnic.",
    "zh": "他穿了一件蓝色夹克去野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban designers often use blue surfaces to create a sense of calm in busy public spaces.",
    "zh": "城市设计师常使用蓝色的表面，在繁忙的公共空间营造宁静感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bright blue｜亮蓝色",
   "dark blue｜深蓝色",
   "blue sky｜蓝天",
   "feel blue｜感到忧郁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bluish (adj.)",
   "blueness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "feel blue表示心情低落；颜色较浅用light blue。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blue"
 },
 {
  "w": "tonight",
  "uk": "/təˈnaɪt/",
  "us": "/təˈnaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在今晚",
    "en": "during the evening or night of today"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "今晚；今夜",
    "en": "the evening or night of today"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We are making vegetable soup for dinner tonight.",
    "zh": "我们今晚要做蔬菜汤当晚餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents will meet tonight to discuss how public transport could better serve the local community.",
    "zh": "居民们今晚将开会讨论公共交通如何更好地服务当地社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tonight's meeting｜今晚的会议",
   "late tonight｜今晚晚些时候",
   "by tonight｜到今晚为止"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作时间状语时直接用tonight，前面不加介词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tonight"
 },
 {
  "w": "internet",
  "uk": "/ˈɪntənet/",
  "us": "/ˈɪntərnet/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "互联网；因特网",
    "en": "The worldwide network connecting computers and other devices."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The internet stopped working halfway through our video call.",
    "zh": "我们视频通话进行到一半时断网了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable internet access enables rural students to use educational resources that may be unavailable locally.",
    "zh": "可靠的互联网接入让农村学生能够使用当地可能缺乏的教育资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "internet access｜互联网接入",
   "an internet connection｜网络连接",
   "on the internet｜在网上",
   "internet users｜网民"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "the net"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常说 the internet；作定语时不用 the。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "internet"
 },
 {
  "w": "taxi",
  "uk": "/ˈtæksi/",
  "us": "/ˈtæksi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "出租车",
    "en": "A car with a driver whom you pay for a journey."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "（飞机）在地面滑行",
    "en": "To move slowly on the ground before takeoff or after landing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took a taxi home with our heavy bags.",
    "zh": "我们带着沉重的行李，打车回了家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving public transport could reduce dependence on taxis and private cars in crowded city centres.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通可以减少人们在拥挤的市中心对出租车和私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a taxi｜乘出租车",
   "hail a taxi｜招手叫出租车",
   "taxi fare｜出租车费",
   "taxi rank｜出租车候车点"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cab"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "乘出租车可说take a taxi或by taxi。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "taxi"
 },
 {
  "w": "February",
  "uk": "/ˈfebruəri/",
  "us": "/ˈfebrueri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "二月",
    "en": "The second month of the year."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister starts her new job in February.",
    "zh": "我姐姐二月份开始新工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The community centre will introduce additional evening classes in February to meet growing demand.",
    "zh": "社区中心将在二月份增设夜间课程，以满足不断增长的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in February｜在二月",
   "early February｜二月初",
   "late February｜二月下旬"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "月份首字母大写；月份前用in，具体日期前用on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "february"
 },
 {
  "w": "lose",
  "uk": "/luːz/",
  "us": "/luːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "丢失；遗失",
    "en": "to become unable to find something you had"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "失去；减少",
    "en": "to stop having something or have less of it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "输掉；失败",
    "en": "to fail to win a game or competition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I always lose my keys inside this enormous bag.",
    "zh": "我总是在这个大包里找不到钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses may lose customers when major retailers offer similar products at significantly lower prices.",
    "zh": "大型零售商以低得多的价格提供类似产品时，小企业可能会流失顾客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lose weight｜体重减轻",
   "lose touch｜失去联系",
   "lose a match｜输掉比赛",
   "lose your temper｜发脾气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "loss (n.)",
   "lost (adj.)",
   "loser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "find",
   "win"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词都是lost；别与loose混淆。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lose"
 },
 {
  "w": "your",
  "uk": "/jɔː/",
  "us": "/jʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "你的；你们的",
    "en": "Belonging or relating to the person or people being addressed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please leave your shoes by the door before entering.",
    "zh": "进来前请把你的鞋放在门边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing a university near your home can reduce living expenses and make higher education more affordable.",
    "zh": "选择离家近的大学可以减少生活开支，让高等教育更负担得起。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "your own｜你自己的",
   "your family｜你的家人",
   "do your best｜尽你最大的努力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "you (pron.)",
   "yours (pron.)",
   "yourself (pron.)",
   "yourselves (pron.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "your后接名词；yours独立使用；you're意为你是。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "your"
 },
 {
  "w": "star",
  "uk": "/stɑː/",
  "us": "/stɑːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "星；恒星",
    "en": "a huge ball of hot gas shining in space"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "明星；杰出人物",
    "en": "a famous or exceptionally successful performer or other person"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "主演；由…主演",
    "en": "to play a leading role or feature someone doing so"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the stars from our tent beside the lake.",
    "zh": "我们在湖边的帐篷里仰望星空。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Light pollution prevents many urban residents from seeing stars, reducing their connection with the natural night sky.",
    "zh": "光污染使许多城市居民看不到星星，削弱了他们与自然夜空的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bright star｜明亮的星星",
   "a film star｜电影明星",
   "a rising star｜冉冉升起的新星",
   "star in a film｜主演电影"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "starry (adj.)",
   "stardom (n.)",
   "starlight (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "celebrity"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "star in表示“主演”；过去式starred，进行式starring。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "star"
 },
 {
  "w": "actor",
  "uk": "/ˈæktə/",
  "us": "/ˈæktər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "演员",
    "en": "Someone who performs characters in plays, films, or television"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "参与者；行动主体",
    "en": "A person or organisation involved in a particular situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The actor wore a silver crown on stage.",
    "zh": "那位演员在舞台上戴着一顶银色王冠。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Professional actors can help students develop communication skills through drama workshops that encourage teamwork and creative expression.",
    "zh": "专业演员可以通过鼓励团队合作和创意表达的戏剧工作坊，帮助学生培养沟通能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a leading actor｜主演",
   "a professional actor｜专业演员",
   "a supporting actor｜配角演员",
   "a key actor｜关键参与者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "act (v.)",
   "acting (n.)",
   "actress (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "performer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "actor可指任何性别的演员；actress专指女演员。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "actor"
 },
 {
  "w": "art",
  "uk": "/ɑːt/",
  "us": "/ɑːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "艺术；美术",
    "en": "creative expression through activities such as painting, sculpture, or drawing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "艺术作品",
    "en": "objects or images created to express ideas or beauty"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "技巧；艺术性的方法",
    "en": "a skill developed through practice and careful understanding"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent the afternoon making art with coloured paper.",
    "zh": "我们花了一下午用彩纸创作艺术作品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public funding for art can enrich community life and make cultural experiences accessible to a wider audience.",
    "zh": "公共艺术资助能丰富社区生活，让更多人有机会体验文化活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a work of art｜一件艺术作品",
   "modern art｜现代艺术",
   "an art gallery｜美术馆",
   "the art of conversation｜交谈的艺术"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "artist (n.)",
   "artistic (adj.)",
   "artistically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "art指艺术通常不可数；一件作品用a work of art。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "art"
 },
 {
  "w": "break",
  "uk": "/breɪk/",
  "us": "/breɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打破；折断；破裂",
    "en": "To separate into pieces or damage something so it stops working."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "休息；暂停",
    "en": "A short period when an activity stops."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "违反；违背",
    "en": "To fail to obey a rule or keep a promise."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Be careful not to break that glass bowl.",
    "zh": "小心别打碎那个玻璃碗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular breaks during study sessions may improve concentration and help students retain new information.",
    "zh": "学习期间定时休息可能有助于提高注意力，并帮助学生记住新知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a break｜休息一下",
   "break the law｜违法",
   "break a promise｜违背承诺",
   "break a record｜打破纪录"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "broken (adj.)",
   "breakable (adj.)",
   "unbreakable (adj.)",
   "breakage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shatter",
   "pause"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "repair"
  ],
  "tip": "动词变化为break—broke—broken；休息用take a break。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "break"
 },
 {
  "w": "egg",
  "uk": "/eɡ/",
  "us": "/eɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蛋；卵",
    "en": "a rounded object laid by female birds and some other animals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卵细胞；卵子",
    "en": "a female reproductive cell that can develop after fertilisation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She cracked an egg into the hot frying pan.",
    "zh": "她把一个鸡蛋打进了热煎锅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Eggs provide an affordable source of protein and can form part of a balanced diet.",
    "zh": "鸡蛋是价格实惠的蛋白质来源，可以成为均衡饮食的一部分。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "boiled egg｜水煮蛋",
   "lay eggs｜产卵",
   "egg yolk｜蛋黄",
   "egg cell｜卵细胞"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eggshell (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "scrambled eggs指炒蛋；egg white指蛋清。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "egg"
 },
 {
  "w": "bookshop",
  "uk": "/ˈbʊkʃɒp/",
  "us": "/ˈbʊkʃɑːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "书店",
    "en": "a shop where books are sold"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a tiny bookshop beside the railway station.",
    "zh": "我们在火车站旁发现了一家小书店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An independent bookshop can strengthen local cultural life by hosting reading groups and supporting emerging writers.",
    "zh": "独立书店可以通过举办读书会和支持新作家来丰富当地文化生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "independent bookshop｜独立书店",
   "second-hand bookshop｜二手书店",
   "local bookshop｜本地书店"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "book (n.)",
   "bookseller (n.)",
   "bookselling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bookstore"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bookshop常用于英式英语，美式多用bookstore。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bookshop"
 },
 {
  "w": "year",
  "uk": "/jɪə/",
  "us": "/jɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "年；一年",
    "en": "A period of twelve months"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学年；年度",
    "en": "An annual period organised for education, business, or another purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We moved into this flat almost a year ago.",
    "zh": "我们搬进这套公寓快一年了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A gap year can give students valuable work experience before they begin university studies.",
    "zh": "间隔年可以让学生在开始大学学习前获得宝贵的工作经验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "academic year｜学年",
   "every year｜每年",
   "all year round｜全年",
   "gap year｜间隔年"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "yearly (adj.)",
   "yearly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "last year等时间短语前不加介词；年龄用years old。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "year"
 },
 {
  "w": "free",
  "uk": "/friː/",
  "us": "/friː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "免费的",
    "en": "Costing no money."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自由的；不受限制的",
    "en": "Able to act or move without being controlled or restricted."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "释放；使摆脱",
    "en": "To release someone or something from control or confinement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The café offers free biscuits with every hot drink.",
    "zh": "这家咖啡馆每卖一杯热饮都会赠送饼干。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing free public transport could reduce traffic congestion and improve access to employment for disadvantaged residents.",
    "zh": "提供免费公共交通可以缓解交通拥堵，并改善弱势居民的就业可及性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "free admission｜免费入场",
   "free of charge｜免费",
   "free speech｜言论自由",
   "free someone from｜使某人摆脱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "freedom (n.)",
   "freely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be free to do表示可以自由做；for free表示免费。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "free"
 },
 {
  "w": "museum",
  "uk": "/mjuˈziːəm/",
  "us": "/mjuˈziːəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "博物馆",
    "en": "a building displaying objects of historical, scientific, or artistic interest"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We saw a huge dinosaur skeleton at the museum.",
    "zh": "我们在博物馆看到了一具巨大的恐龙骨架。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museums can help young people understand local history by connecting everyday objects with the lives of previous generations.",
    "zh": "博物馆可以将日常物品与前人的生活联系起来，帮助年轻人了解当地历史。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "visit a museum｜参观博物馆",
   "natural history museum｜自然历史博物馆",
   "museum collection｜博物馆藏品"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "museum是可数名词；参观博物馆说visit a museum。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "museum"
 },
 {
  "w": "shop",
  "uk": "/ʃɒp/",
  "us": "/ʃɑːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "商店；店铺",
    "en": "A place where people buy goods or services."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "购物",
    "en": "To visit stores or websites to look for and buy things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The little shop near our house sells fresh bread.",
    "zh": "我们家附近的小店卖新鲜面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent shops can strengthen local economies by creating jobs and keeping spending within the community.",
    "zh": "独立商店可以通过创造就业并让消费留在社区内，促进地方经济。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local shop｜本地商店",
   "shop window｜商店橱窗",
   "shop for clothes｜买衣服",
   "shop around｜货比三家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shopping (n.)",
   "shopper (n.)",
   "shopkeeper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "store"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "买某类商品用shop for；泛指去购物用go shopping。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shop"
 },
 {
  "w": "weekend",
  "uk": "/ˌwiːkˈend/",
  "us": "/ˈwiːkend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "周末",
    "en": "Saturday and Sunday, often a time away from work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We usually visit the farmers' market at the weekend.",
    "zh": "我们通常在周末逛农贸市场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable weekend activities can encourage families to spend more time together in their local communities.",
    "zh": "价格亲民的周末活动能鼓励家人在当地社区共度更多时光。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at the weekend｜在周末（英式）",
   "on the weekend｜在周末（美式）",
   "a long weekend｜连休的长周末",
   "weekend break｜周末短途度假"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常说 at the weekend，美式常用 on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "weekend"
 },
 {
  "w": "sweater",
  "uk": "/ˈswetə/",
  "us": "/ˈswetər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "毛衣；针织套衫",
    "en": "A knitted garment worn over the upper body for warmth."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I pulled on a warm sweater before going outside.",
    "zh": "出门前，我套上了一件暖和的毛衣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing a durable wool sweater rather than several cheap alternatives can reduce clothing waste over time.",
    "zh": "选择一件耐穿的羊毛衫，而不是多件廉价替代品，长远来看可以减少衣物浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wool sweater｜羊毛衫",
   "knitted sweater｜针织毛衣",
   "thick sweater｜厚毛衣"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "jumper",
   "pullover"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语也常用jumper；sweatshirt指运动衫。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sweater"
 },
 {
  "w": "mother",
  "uk": "/ˈmʌðə/",
  "us": "/ˈmʌðər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "母亲；妈妈",
    "en": "A female parent."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "像母亲般照顾",
    "en": "Care for someone protectively, as a mother would."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My mother taught me how to ride a bicycle.",
    "zh": "我妈妈教会了我骑自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable childcare can help a mother return to work without placing excessive pressure on the family budget.",
    "zh": "负担得起的托育服务能帮助母亲重返职场，而不给家庭预算带来过大压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "working mother｜在职母亲",
   "single mother｜单亲母亲",
   "expectant mother｜准妈妈",
   "mother tongue｜母语"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "motherhood (n.)",
   "motherly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mum",
   "mom"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式口语常用mum，美式口语常用mom。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mother"
 },
 {
  "w": "tired",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪəd/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "疲倦的；累的",
    "en": "needing rest or sleep because of physical or mental effort"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "厌倦的；厌烦的",
    "en": "annoyed or bored by something that continues or repeats"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt too tired to cook after the walk.",
    "zh": "散步后我累得不想做饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees who regularly work long hours may become too tired to perform their duties safely.",
    "zh": "经常长时间工作的员工可能会疲惫不堪，无法安全地履行职责。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel tired｜感到疲倦",
   "tired of waiting｜等得不耐烦",
   "too tired to concentrate｜累得无法集中注意力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tire (v.)",
   "tiring (adj.)",
   "tiredness (n.)",
   "tireless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "weary",
   "exhausted"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rested",
   "energetic"
  ],
  "tip": "tired形容人感到累；tiring形容事情令人累。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tired"
 },
 {
  "w": "Spain",
  "uk": "/speɪn/",
  "us": "/speɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "西班牙",
    "en": "a country in southwestern Europe"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We travelled around Spain by train last summer.",
    "zh": "去年夏天，我们乘火车游览了西班牙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Spain attracts international visitors through its cultural heritage, varied landscapes, and well-developed tourism infrastructure.",
    "zh": "西班牙凭借文化遗产、多样的景观和完善的旅游基础设施吸引国际游客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "southern Spain｜西班牙南部",
   "mainland Spain｜西班牙本土",
   "travel to Spain｜前往西班牙旅行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Spanish (adj.)",
   "Spaniard (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "国名首字母大写，前面通常不加the。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spain"
 },
 {
  "w": "play",
  "uk": "/pleɪ/",
  "us": "/pleɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "玩耍；参加游戏或运动",
    "en": "Enjoy an activity or take part in a game"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "演奏；播放；扮演",
    "en": "Perform music or a role, or make a recording run"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "戏剧；剧本",
    "en": "A story written for actors to perform"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children played with wooden blocks on the floor.",
    "zh": "孩子们在地板上玩木制积木。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should provide safe outdoor spaces where children can play and develop essential social skills.",
    "zh": "学校应提供安全的户外空间，让孩子们玩耍并培养重要的社交技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play football｜踢足球",
   "play the piano｜弹钢琴",
   "play a role in｜在…中发挥作用",
   "put on a play｜上演一部戏剧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "player (n.)",
   "playful (adj.)",
   "playfully (adv.)",
   "playfulness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "球类前通常不加冠词；乐器前通常用the。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "play"
 },
 {
  "w": "different",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪfrənt/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪfrənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不同的；不一样的",
    "en": "not the same as someone or something else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "各不相同的；各种的",
    "en": "used to describe several separate people, things, or types"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These gloves look similar, but their sizes are different.",
    "zh": "这些手套看起来相似，但尺码不同。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students from different cultural backgrounds can contribute valuable perspectives to classroom discussions about global issues.",
    "zh": "来自不同文化背景的学生能为课堂上的全球议题讨论提供宝贵的视角。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "different from｜与……不同",
   "different perspectives｜不同视角",
   "completely different｜完全不同"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "difference (n.)",
   "differ (v.)",
   "differently (adv.)",
   "differentiate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dissimilar",
   "distinct"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "same",
   "identical"
  ],
  "tip": "与……不同常用different from，适合正式写作。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "different"
 },
 {
  "w": "pool",
  "uk": "/puːl/",
  "us": "/puːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "游泳池；水塘",
    "en": "An artificial swimming basin or a small area of still water"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "共同储备；备用资源",
    "en": "A supply of money, people, or resources available for shared use"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "集中共用；合伙出资",
    "en": "To combine resources so people can use them together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent the afternoon swimming in the outdoor pool.",
    "zh": "我们整个下午都在室外游泳池游泳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses can pool their resources to purchase equipment that would otherwise be too expensive.",
    "zh": "小企业可以集中资源，购买单独承担会过于昂贵的设备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a swimming pool｜游泳池",
   "a pool of talent｜人才储备",
   "pool resources｜集中资源",
   "pool knowledge｜共享知识"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pool resources指集中资源；play pool则指打美式台球。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pool"
 },
 {
  "w": "before",
  "uk": "/bɪˈfɔː/",
  "us": "/bɪˈfɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……之前",
    "en": "Earlier than a particular time or event."
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "在……以前",
    "en": "Earlier than the time when something happens."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "以前；先前",
    "en": "At an earlier time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please put your shoes by the door before dinner.",
    "zh": "请在晚饭前把鞋放到门边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before introducing new transport policies, local authorities should consult residents about their daily travel needs.",
    "zh": "地方政府在推出新的交通政策之前，应就居民的日常出行需求征求意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "before long｜不久以后",
   "the day before｜前一天",
   "before breakfast｜早餐前",
   "before making a decision｜作决定之前"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "after"
  ],
  "tip": "时间从句表将来时，before后通常用一般现在时。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "before"
 },
 {
  "w": "wonderful",
  "uk": "/ˈwʌndəfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈwʌndɚfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；令人愉快的",
    "en": "Extremely good or enjoyable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had a wonderful picnic beside the lake.",
    "zh": "我们在湖边度过了一段美好的野餐时光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries offer wonderful opportunities for children to discover new interests without placing financial pressure on families.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆为儿童发现新兴趣提供了极好的机会，又不会给家庭带来经济压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wonderful experience｜美好的经历",
   "a wonderful opportunity｜极好的机会",
   "wonderful news｜令人高兴的消息"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wonder (n.)",
   "wonder (v.)",
   "wonderfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "excellent",
   "fantastic",
   "marvellous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "awful",
   "terrible"
  ],
  "tip": "表示极好或令人愉快，不等于奇怪的。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wonderful"
 },
 {
  "w": "notebook",
  "uk": "/ˈnəʊtbʊk/",
  "us": "/ˈnoʊtbʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "笔记本；笔记簿",
    "en": "A book of blank pages for writing notes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "笔记本电脑",
    "en": "A small portable computer with a folding screen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She keeps a small notebook beside her bed.",
    "zh": "她在床边放着一本小笔记本。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Keeping a notebook during fieldwork allows researchers to record observations that photographs alone may not capture.",
    "zh": "实地研究时使用笔记本，有助于研究人员记录仅靠照片可能无法捕捉的观察结果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write in a notebook｜在笔记本上写",
   "a spiral notebook｜螺旋装订笔记本",
   "a notebook computer｜笔记本电脑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "note (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "notepad"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指纸质笔记本；电脑义也可说notebook computer。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "notebook"
 },
 {
  "w": "white",
  "uk": "/waɪt/",
  "us": "/waɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "白色的",
    "en": "having the colour of fresh snow or milk"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "白色",
    "en": "the colour of fresh snow or milk"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蛋白；蛋清",
    "en": "the clear part of an egg that turns white when cooked"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wore a white cotton shirt to the picnic.",
    "zh": "她穿着一件白色棉衬衫去野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Painting roofs white can help buildings reflect sunlight and reduce the energy needed for cooling.",
    "zh": "把屋顶刷成白色有助于建筑物反射阳光，并减少制冷所需的能源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "white paint｜白色油漆",
   "egg white｜蛋清",
   "black and white｜黑白的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "whiten (v.)",
   "whiteness (n.)",
   "whitish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "black"
  ],
  "tip": "egg white指蛋清；蛋黄是yolk。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "white"
 },
 {
  "w": "large",
  "uk": "/lɑːdʒ/",
  "us": "/lɑːrdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大的；大量的",
    "en": "greater than usual in size, amount, or number"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A large dog was sleeping beside the kitchen door.",
    "zh": "一只大狗正睡在厨房门旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Large cities often offer better employment opportunities, although high housing costs can reduce residents' quality of life.",
    "zh": "大城市通常提供更好的就业机会，但高昂的住房成本可能降低居民的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a large number of｜大量的",
   "a large amount of｜大量的",
   "large-scale development｜大规模开发",
   "a large population｜众多人口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "largely (adv.)",
   "enlarge (v.)",
   "enlargement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "big"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "small"
  ],
  "tip": "large number接可数名词，large amount接不可数名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "large"
 },
 {
  "w": "hour",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊə/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小时",
    "en": "a period of sixty minutes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工作或营业时间",
    "en": "the times when someone works or a service operates"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The walk to the lake took us an hour.",
    "zh": "我们走到湖边花了一个小时。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing working hours may improve employee wellbeing without necessarily lowering overall productivity in the workplace.",
    "zh": "缩短工作时间可能改善员工的身心健康，而不一定降低工作场所的整体生产率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an hour｜一小时",
   "working hours｜工作时间",
   "opening hours｜营业时间",
   "rush hour｜交通高峰期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hourly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "h不发音，所以说an hour，而不是a hour。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hour"
 },
 {
  "w": "married",
  "uk": "/ˈmærid/",
  "us": "/ˈmærid/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "已婚的",
    "en": "Having a husband or wife."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "婚姻的；夫妻生活的",
    "en": "Relating to marriage or life as a couple."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister is married and lives near the coast.",
    "zh": "我姐姐已婚，住在海岸附近。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable housing can help newly married couples establish independent households without placing excessive pressure on their finances.",
    "zh": "可负担的住房有助于新婚夫妇独立成家，而不会给他们带来过重的经济压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get married｜结婚",
   "be married to｜与……有婚姻关系",
   "married couple｜已婚夫妇",
   "married life｜婚后生活"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "marry (v.)",
   "marriage (n.)",
   "unmarried (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unmarried",
   "single"
  ],
  "tip": "与某人结婚用 be/get married to，不用 with。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "married"
 },
 {
  "w": "full",
  "uk": "/fʊl/",
  "us": "/fʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "满的；装满的",
    "en": "Containing as much as possible, with no space left."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "完整的；全部的",
    "en": "Including everything, with nothing missing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "吃饱的",
    "en": "Having eaten enough and not wanting more food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The basket is full, so we need another one.",
    "zh": "篮子已经满了，我们得再拿一个。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should publish the full results of environmental studies so that citizens can make informed decisions.",
    "zh": "政府应公布环境研究的完整结果，以便公民作出知情决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "full of｜充满",
   "full details｜完整细节",
   "full potential｜全部潜力",
   "feel full｜感觉饱了"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fully (adv.)",
   "fullness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "filled",
   "complete"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "empty",
   "partial"
  ],
  "tip": "full of表示“充满”；注意full与fool发音不同。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "full"
 },
 {
  "w": "Europe",
  "uk": "/ˈjʊərəp/",
  "us": "/ˈjʊrəp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "欧洲",
    "en": "the continent west of Asia and north of Africa"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin travelled across Europe by train last summer.",
    "zh": "我表亲去年夏天乘火车游历了欧洲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many cities in Europe are expanding cycling networks to reduce traffic congestion and improve urban air quality.",
    "zh": "欧洲许多城市正在扩建自行车路网，以缓解交通拥堵并改善城市空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "across Europe｜遍及欧洲",
   "continental Europe｜欧洲大陆",
   "Eastern Europe｜东欧",
   "Western Europe｜西欧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "European (adj.)",
   "European (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "Europe首字母大写，通常不加the；不等于欧盟。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "europe"
 },
 {
  "w": "happen",
  "uk": "/ˈhæpən/",
  "us": "/ˈhæpən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发生",
    "en": "to take place, often without being planned"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "碰巧；恰好",
    "en": "to do or be something by chance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "What happened to the plant beside your window?",
    "zh": "你窗边那盆植物怎么了？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traffic accidents are more likely to happen when drivers are tired or distracted by mobile phones.",
    "zh": "驾驶员疲劳或因手机分心时，更容易发生交通事故。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "happen to someone｜发生在某人身上",
   "happen to do something｜碰巧做某事",
   "happen by chance｜偶然发生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "happening (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "occur"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不用于被动语态；happen to do表示碰巧做某事。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "happen"
 },
 {
  "w": "number",
  "uk": "/ˈnʌmbə/",
  "us": "/ˈnʌmbɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "数；数字；号码",
    "en": "a value used for counting, measuring, or identifying something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "数量",
    "en": "the total amount of people or things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给…编号；总计",
    "en": "to assign identifying figures or add up to a total"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I saved your phone number on my new phone.",
    "zh": "我把你的电话号码存到了新手机里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The number of people working from home has increased as digital communication tools have improved.",
    "zh": "随着数字通信工具的改进，居家办公的人数有所增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "phone number｜电话号码",
   "a large number of｜大量",
   "the number of｜…的数量",
   "number the pages｜给页面编号"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "numerical (adj.)",
   "numbering (n.)",
   "numbered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a number of接复数谓语；the number of接单数谓语。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "number"
 },
 {
  "w": "take",
  "uk": "/teɪk/",
  "us": "/teɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拿；取；带走",
    "en": "To pick up, hold, or carry something away."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "花费；需要",
    "en": "To require a particular amount of time or effort."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "乘坐；搭乘",
    "en": "To use a particular form of transport."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Take an umbrella because it might rain this afternoon.",
    "zh": "带把伞吧，今天下午可能会下雨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Developing reliable public transport networks takes considerable time and requires sustained investment from local authorities.",
    "zh": "建设可靠的公共交通网络需要相当长的时间，也需要地方政府持续投入资金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a bus｜乘公共汽车",
   "take time｜花时间",
   "take responsibility｜承担责任",
   "take notes｜记笔记"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式took，过去分词taken；take带走，bring带来。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "take"
 },
 {
  "w": "enjoy",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdʒɔɪ/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdʒɔɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "享受；喜爱",
    "en": "get pleasure from an activity or experience"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "享有",
    "en": "have something good, such as a right or advantage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We enjoy walking beside the river after dinner.",
    "zh": "我们喜欢晚饭后在河边散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents enjoy better health when their neighbourhoods provide safe walking routes and accessible green spaces.",
    "zh": "社区提供安全的步行路线和便利的绿地时，居民的健康状况会更好。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enjoy doing something｜喜欢做某事",
   "enjoy yourself｜玩得开心",
   "enjoy good health｜身体健康",
   "enjoy the benefits｜享有益处"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enjoyable (adj.)",
   "enjoyment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "like",
   "relish"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dislike"
  ],
  "tip": "接动词时用-ing形式，不用to do。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enjoy"
 },
 {
  "w": "January",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒænjuəri/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒænjueri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一月",
    "en": "the first month of the year"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our swimming lessons begin in January this year.",
    "zh": "我们今年的游泳课从一月开始。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many people set health goals in January, but maintaining new habits requires consistent support.",
    "zh": "许多人在一月设定健康目标，但保持新习惯需要持续的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in January｜在一月",
   "early January｜一月初",
   "late January｜一月下旬"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "月份首字母大写；在一月用in January。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "january"
 },
 {
  "w": "hobby",
  "uk": "/ˈhɒbi/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːbi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "业余爱好",
    "en": "An activity you regularly do for pleasure in your free time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Growing herbs on my balcony has become my favourite hobby.",
    "zh": "在阳台种香草已成了我最喜欢的业余爱好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Having a creative hobby can help people manage stress and maintain a healthy balance between work and leisure.",
    "zh": "拥有创造性的业余爱好能帮助人们调节压力，保持工作与休闲之间的健康平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take up a hobby｜开始培养一种爱好",
   "a creative hobby｜创造性的业余爱好",
   "pursue a hobby｜从事业余爱好"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hobbyist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pastime"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，复数为hobbies；开始一种爱好用take up。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hobby"
 },
 {
  "w": "artist",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːtɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːrtɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "艺术家；画家",
    "en": "a person who creates paintings, sculptures, or other art"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "表演艺术家；艺人",
    "en": "a person who performs music or other entertainment professionally"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The artist painted the harbour in soft blue colours.",
    "zh": "这位画家用柔和的蓝色描绘了港口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public funding allows an artist to create work that enriches community life without depending entirely on sales.",
    "zh": "公共资助使艺术家能够创作丰富社区生活的作品，而不必完全依赖销售收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "professional artist｜职业艺术家",
   "local artist｜本地艺术家",
   "recording artist｜录音艺人",
   "talented artist｜有才华的艺术家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "art (n.)",
   "artistic (adj.)",
   "artistically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "artist指艺术家；artistic是形容词“艺术的”。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "artist"
 },
 {
  "w": "stand",
  "uk": "/stænd/",
  "us": "/stænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "站立；起立",
    "en": "To be upright on your feet, or get into this position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "忍受；容忍",
    "en": "To accept something unpleasant without becoming too upset."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "立场；坚决的态度",
    "en": "A firm opinion or action supporting or opposing something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please stand near the door until the bus stops.",
    "zh": "请站在车门附近，等公交车停稳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local residents took a stand against the proposed road because it would destroy valuable woodland.",
    "zh": "当地居民坚决反对这条拟建道路，因为它会破坏珍贵的林地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stand still｜站着不动",
   "stand up｜站起来",
   "can't stand doing something｜无法忍受做某事",
   "take a stand｜表明坚定立场"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "standing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "sit"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为stood；忍受常用can't stand。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stand"
 },
 {
  "w": "must",
  "uk": "/mʌst/",
  "us": "/mʌst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "必须",
    "en": "used to express a strong obligation or requirement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "一定；想必",
    "en": "used to express a confident conclusion"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "必需的事物",
    "en": "something considered essential"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You must wear a helmet when riding here.",
    "zh": "在这里骑车必须戴头盔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must ensure that all children have access to quality education, regardless of their family income.",
    "zh": "政府必须确保所有儿童都能接受优质教育，不论其家庭收入如何。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "must be｜一定是",
   "must have done｜想必已经做过",
   "an absolute must｜绝对必需的事物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "must是情态动词；mustn't表禁止，不是“不必”。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "must"
 },
 {
  "w": "sky",
  "uk": "/skaɪ/",
  "us": "/skaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天空",
    "en": "The space above the earth where clouds and stars appear."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sky turned orange as we walked home.",
    "zh": "我们步行回家时，天空变成了橙色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Light pollution prevents many urban residents from seeing stars clearly in the night sky.",
    "zh": "光污染使许多城市居民无法清楚地看到夜空中的星星。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clear sky｜晴朗的天空",
   "night sky｜夜空",
   "blue sky｜蓝天",
   "cloudy skies｜多云的天空"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常用the sky；skies常用于描述天气或某地天空。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sky"
 },
 {
  "w": "about",
  "uk": "/əˈbaʊt/",
  "us": "/əˈbaʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "关于",
    "en": "concerning a particular subject"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "大约；左右",
    "en": "approximately, rather than exactly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在…周围；在…各处",
    "en": "in various places within or around somewhere"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We talked about our holiday plans over dinner.",
    "zh": "我们吃晚饭时聊了假期计划。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach children about the environmental consequences of their everyday choices and habits.",
    "zh": "学校应教导孩子了解日常选择和习惯对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "talk about｜谈论",
   "worry about｜担心",
   "about an hour｜大约一小时"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "about可表示话题或约数；be about to表示即将。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "about"
 },
 {
  "w": "sandwich",
  "uk": "/ˈsænwɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈsænwɪtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "三明治",
    "en": "Two slices of bread with a filling between them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把……夹在中间",
    "en": "To place or squeeze something between two other things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I packed a cheese sandwich and an apple for lunch.",
    "zh": "我带了一个奶酪三明治和一个苹果当午餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School cafeterias can promote healthier eating by offering sandwiches made with wholegrain bread and fresh vegetables.",
    "zh": "学校食堂可以提供用全麦面包和新鲜蔬菜制作的三明治，促进更健康的饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cheese sandwich｜奶酪三明治",
   "make a sandwich｜做三明治",
   "be sandwiched between｜被夹在……之间"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用被动结构be sandwiched between。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sandwich"
 },
 {
  "w": "slow",
  "uk": "/sləʊ/",
  "us": "/sloʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "缓慢的；耗时的",
    "en": "Moving, happening, or taking place at a low speed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "减速；使放慢",
    "en": "To move or happen less quickly, or make something do so."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "钟表走得慢的",
    "en": "Showing a time earlier than the correct time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took a slow walk along the river.",
    "zh": "我们沿着河边慢慢散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Slow progress in expanding public transport may discourage commuters from giving up their private cars.",
    "zh": "公共交通扩建进展缓慢，可能会削弱通勤者放弃私家车的意愿。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "slow progress｜缓慢的进展",
   "slow down｜减速；放慢",
   "a slow pace｜缓慢的节奏",
   "slow economic growth｜缓慢的经济增长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "slowly (adv.)",
   "slowness (n.)",
   "slowdown (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unhurried",
   "sluggish"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fast",
   "quick"
  ],
  "tip": "slow多作形容词；修饰一般动作通常用slowly。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slow"
 },
 {
  "w": "make",
  "uk": "/meɪk/",
  "us": "/meɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "制作；制造",
    "en": "to create or produce something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使；迫使",
    "en": "to cause a state or force an action"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "品牌；型号",
    "en": "the brand or type of a manufactured product"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We made a small table from leftover pieces of wood.",
    "zh": "我们用剩下的木料做了一张小桌子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can make science more accessible by allowing students to conduct simple experiments with everyday materials.",
    "zh": "学校可以让学生用日常材料做简单实验，使科学更容易理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a decision｜作决定",
   "make progress｜取得进步",
   "make a difference｜产生影响",
   "make someone happy｜使某人开心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "maker (n.)",
   "making (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "create",
   "produce"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主动式make sb do；被动式be made to do。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "make"
 },
 {
  "w": "every",
  "uk": "/ˈevri/",
  "us": "/ˈevri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "每个；每一",
    "en": "referring to all members of a group individually"
   },
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "每隔；每逢",
    "en": "used to show how regularly something happens"
   },
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "一切可能的；充分的",
    "en": "used to emphasize all possibilities or a strong degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Every child brought a favourite toy to the picnic.",
    "zh": "每个孩子都带了一件最喜欢的玩具去野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should ensure that every student has access to reliable internet services for learning.",
    "zh": "政府应确保每个学生都能使用可靠的互联网服务进行学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "every day｜每天",
   "every other week｜每隔一周",
   "every effort｜一切努力",
   "every reason to believe｜充分的理由相信"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "every后通常接单数可数名词，谓语也用单数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "every"
 },
 {
  "w": "quiet",
  "uk": "/ˈkwaɪət/",
  "us": "/ˈkwaɪət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "安静的；轻声的",
    "en": "making little or no noise"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "平静的；不繁忙的",
    "en": "having little activity or excitement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "安静；宁静",
    "en": "a state with little or no noise"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The house was quiet after the children fell asleep.",
    "zh": "孩子们睡着后，屋子里安静了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Quiet study spaces in public libraries are essential for students who cannot concentrate at home.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆内安静的学习空间对无法在家集中注意力的学生至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep quiet｜保持安静",
   "a quiet neighbourhood｜安静的街区",
   "peace and quiet｜平静与安宁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "quietly (adv.)",
   "quietness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "silent",
   "peaceful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "noisy",
   "loud"
  ],
  "tip": "quiet是“安静的”，quite是“相当”，注意拼写。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quiet"
 },
 {
  "w": "add",
  "uk": "/æd/",
  "us": "/æd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "添加；增加",
    "en": "to put something with something else or increase an amount"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "相加；做加法",
    "en": "to combine numbers to find their total"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "补充说",
    "en": "to say something more after an earlier statement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Add a little milk if the soup is too thick.",
    "zh": "如果汤太稠，就加一点牛奶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Adding more green spaces to urban neighbourhoods can improve residents' wellbeing and provide habitats for wildlife.",
    "zh": "为城市社区增加绿地可以改善居民的身心健康，并为野生动物提供栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "add something to｜把某物加入……",
   "add up｜加起来",
   "add value｜增加价值",
   "add that｜补充说"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "addition (n.)",
   "additional (adj.)",
   "additionally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "subtract",
   "remove"
  ],
  "tip": "add A to B表示把A加入B；add to还可表示增添。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "add"
 },
 {
  "w": "fact",
  "uk": "/fækt/",
  "us": "/fækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "事实；真实情况",
    "en": "Something known or proved to be true."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We checked the facts before booking our train tickets.",
    "zh": "我们核实了相关情况后才订火车票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should learn to distinguish facts from opinions when evaluating information shared through digital media.",
    "zh": "学生在评估数字媒体传播的信息时，应学会区分事实和观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in fact｜事实上",
   "the fact that｜……这一事实",
   "establish the facts｜查明事实",
   "facts and figures｜事实与数据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "factual (adj.)",
   "factually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "the fact that后接完整从句，说明事实内容。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fact"
 },
 {
  "w": "nice",
  "uk": "/naɪs/",
  "us": "/naɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人愉快的；美好的",
    "en": "pleasant or enjoyable"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "友善的；体贴的",
    "en": "kind and friendly towards other people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had a nice picnic beside the lake.",
    "zh": "我们在湖边愉快地野餐了一次。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although nice surroundings matter, affordable housing and reliable transport are more important to many urban residents.",
    "zh": "虽然宜人的环境很重要，但对许多城市居民而言，可负担的住房和可靠的交通更为重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nice weather｜好天气",
   "a nice time｜愉快的时光",
   "be nice to someone｜友善地对待某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nicely (adv.)",
   "niceness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pleasant",
   "lovely"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unpleasant"
  ],
  "tip": "nice含义较宽，正式写作宜换成更具体的形容词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nice"
 },
 {
  "w": "flower",
  "uk": "/ˈflaʊə/",
  "us": "/ˈflaʊər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "花；开花植物",
    "en": "The often colourful part of a plant that produces seeds."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开花",
    "en": "To produce flowers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She placed fresh flowers in a vase by the window.",
    "zh": "她把鲜花插进窗边的花瓶里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting native flowers in urban parks can support pollinating insects and improve local biodiversity.",
    "zh": "在城市公园种植本地花卉能够帮助传粉昆虫生存，并改善当地生物多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bunch of flowers｜一束花",
   "cut flowers｜鲜切花",
   "in flower｜开着花"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flowering (adj.)",
   "flowery (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bloom",
   "blossom"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "flower既可作名词“花”，也可作动词“开花”。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flower"
 },
 {
  "w": "cloudy",
  "uk": "/ˈklaʊdi/",
  "us": "/ˈklaʊdi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多云的；阴天的",
    "en": "having many clouds in the sky"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "浑浊的；不透明的",
    "en": "not clear or transparent"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was cloudy, so we left our sunglasses at home.",
    "zh": "当时天阴着，所以我们把太阳镜留在了家里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Solar panels can still generate electricity on cloudy days, although their output is usually lower.",
    "zh": "太阳能电池板在阴天仍能发电，不过发电量通常较低。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cloudy sky｜多云的天空",
   "cloudy weather｜多云天气",
   "cloudy water｜浑浊的水"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cloud (n.)",
   "cloud (v.)",
   "cloudless (adj.)",
   "cloudiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "overcast"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "clear"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容天空多云，也可形容液体浑浊。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cloudy"
 },
 {
  "w": "important",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpɔːtənt/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpɔːrtənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "重要的；重大的",
    "en": "Having great value or a significant effect."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有影响力的；有地位的",
    "en": "Having considerable power, influence, or status."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep your important documents in this waterproof folder.",
    "zh": "把你的重要文件放在这个防水文件夹里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to reliable information plays an important role in helping citizens make informed decisions about their health.",
    "zh": "获取可靠信息对于帮助公民作出明智的健康决策起着重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an important role｜重要作用",
   "an important factor｜重要因素",
   "important to someone｜对某人很重要",
   "equally important｜同样重要"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "importance (n.)",
   "importantly (adv.)",
   "unimportant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "significant",
   "crucial"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unimportant",
   "insignificant"
  ],
  "tip": "用It is important to do；importance是名词形式。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "important"
 },
 {
  "w": "house",
  "uk": "/haʊs/",
  "us": "/haʊs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "房屋；住宅",
    "en": "A building where a person or family lives."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为……提供住所；容纳",
    "en": "To provide a place for people or things to stay."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their house has a small garden behind the kitchen.",
    "zh": "他们的房子在厨房后面有一个小花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities could convert unused office buildings into apartments to house families in need of affordable accommodation.",
    "zh": "地方政府可以将闲置办公楼改造成公寓，为需要可负担住房的家庭提供住所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "buy a house｜买房",
   "move house｜搬家",
   "house prices｜房价",
   "house families｜为家庭提供住所"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "housing (n.)",
   "household (n.)",
   "householder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词读/haʊs/，动词读/haʊz/；home更强调家的归属感。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "house"
 },
 {
  "w": "lady",
  "uk": "/ˈleɪdi/",
  "us": "/ˈleɪdi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女士；夫人",
    "en": "a polite word for an adult woman"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A kind lady helped me find the station.",
    "zh": "一位好心的女士帮我找到了车站。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An elderly lady at the meeting explained how the new bus route had improved her daily life.",
    "zh": "会上，一位年长女士讲述了新公交线路如何改善她的日常生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an elderly lady｜一位年长女士",
   "a young lady｜一位年轻女士",
   "ladies and gentlemen｜女士们、先生们"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ladylike (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "woman"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "woman是中性通用词；lady常用于礼貌称呼。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lady"
 },
 {
  "w": "piano",
  "uk": "/piˈænəʊ/",
  "us": "/piˈænoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钢琴",
    "en": "A large musical instrument played by pressing black and white keys."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister practises the piano after dinner every evening.",
    "zh": "我姐姐每天晚饭后练钢琴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning to play the piano can help children develop concentration and express their emotions creatively.",
    "zh": "学习弹钢琴能帮助儿童培养专注力，并创造性地表达情感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play the piano｜弹钢琴",
   "piano lessons｜钢琴课",
   "grand piano｜三角钢琴"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pianist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示弹钢琴通常说play the piano。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "piano"
 },
 {
  "w": "market",
  "uk": "/ˈmɑːkɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːrkɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "集市；市场",
    "en": "a place where people buy and sell goods"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "市场需求；交易领域",
    "en": "the demand for something or the business of trading particular goods"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推销；营销",
    "en": "to promote and offer a product for sale"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought fresh peaches at the market this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上我们在集市买了新鲜桃子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies increasingly market environmentally friendly products to consumers who want to reduce their impact on the planet.",
    "zh": "企业越来越多地向希望减轻自身环境影响的消费者推销环保产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local market｜当地集市",
   "job market｜就业市场",
   "market research｜市场调查",
   "market share｜市场份额"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "marketing (n.)",
   "marketer (n.)",
   "marketable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a market for sth指对某物的市场需求。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "market"
 },
 {
  "w": "hill",
  "uk": "/hɪl/",
  "us": "/hɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小山；丘陵",
    "en": "A raised area of land, usually lower than a mountain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We climbed the hill and watched the sunset.",
    "zh": "我们爬上小山，看了日落。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building houses on steep hills can increase construction costs and expose residents to the risk of landslides.",
    "zh": "在陡峭的山坡上建房会增加建设成本，并使居民面临滑坡风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "climb a hill｜爬山",
   "rolling hills｜连绵起伏的丘陵",
   "a steep hill｜陡峭的小山"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hilly (adj.)",
   "hillside (n.)",
   "hilltop (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hill通常比mountain低矮，但没有统一高度界限。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hill"
 },
 {
  "w": "late",
  "uk": "/leɪt/",
  "us": "/leɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "迟到的；晚期的",
    "en": "after the expected time or near the end of a period"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "迟；晚",
    "en": "after the expected time or towards a period's end"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "已故的",
    "en": "used before mentioning a person who has died"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was late because my bicycle had a flat tyre.",
    "zh": "我迟到了，因为我的自行车轮胎没气了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who regularly stay up late may struggle to concentrate and perform well in morning classes.",
    "zh": "经常熬夜的学生在上午的课堂上可能难以集中注意力并取得良好表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be late for｜迟到",
   "stay up late｜熬夜",
   "late at night｜深夜",
   "in the late stages｜在后期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lateness (n.)",
   "lately (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "delayed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "early"
  ],
  "tip": "late作副词指迟、晚；lately指最近，不能混用。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "late"
 },
 {
  "w": "age",
  "uk": "/eɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/eɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "年龄；存在年限",
    "en": "The length of time someone or something has existed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "时代",
    "en": "A period of history with particular features."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变老；使衰老",
    "en": "To become older or make someone or something seem older."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother learned to swim at the age of seventy.",
    "zh": "我奶奶七十岁时学会了游泳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As populations age, governments need to invest more in accessible housing and community healthcare services.",
    "zh": "随着人口老龄化，政府需要加大对无障碍住房和社区医疗服务的投入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at the age of｜在……岁时",
   "the digital age｜数字时代",
   "people of all ages｜各年龄段的人",
   "age gracefully｜优雅地老去"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aged (adj.)",
   "ageing (n.)",
   "ageless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示在几岁时用at the age of，不用in。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "age"
 },
 {
  "w": "cake",
  "uk": "/keɪk/",
  "us": "/keɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蛋糕",
    "en": "A sweet food baked from flour, eggs, sugar, and fat."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "厚厚覆盖；结块",
    "en": "To cover with a thick layer or form hard lumps."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared a slice of lemon cake after lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭后，我们分着吃了一片柠檬蛋糕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage healthier eating by offering fresh fruit instead of cake at school celebrations.",
    "zh": "学校可以在校内庆祝活动中提供新鲜水果而非蛋糕，以鼓励更健康的饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a slice of cake｜一片蛋糕",
   "bake a cake｜烤蛋糕",
   "a birthday cake｜生日蛋糕",
   "be caked in mud｜沾满厚厚的泥"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "整个蛋糕可数；泛指蛋糕这种食物时常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cake"
 },
 {
  "w": "photograph",
  "uk": "/ˈfəʊtəɡrɑːf/",
  "us": "/ˈfoʊtəɡræf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "照片；相片",
    "en": "a picture made using a camera"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拍摄；给……照相",
    "en": "to take a picture of someone or something using a camera"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This photograph shows my grandparents standing beside their first house.",
    "zh": "这张照片里，我的祖父母站在他们的第一所房子旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historical photographs provide valuable evidence of how urban landscapes and everyday lifestyles have changed over time.",
    "zh": "历史照片为城市景观和日常生活方式如何随时间变化提供了宝贵的证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a photograph｜拍照",
   "a family photograph｜全家福",
   "a black-and-white photograph｜黑白照片"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "photography (n.)",
   "photographer (n.)",
   "photographic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "photo",
   "picture"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "拍照用take a photograph，不用make。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "photograph"
 },
 {
  "w": "sound",
  "uk": "/saʊnd/",
  "us": "/saʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "声音；声响",
    "en": "something you hear"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "听起来；发出声音",
    "en": "to seem a certain way when heard, or produce noise"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "合理的；可靠的；完好的",
    "en": "sensible, reliable, or in good condition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sound of rain woke me before sunrise.",
    "zh": "天还没亮，雨声就把我吵醒了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental policies should be based on sound scientific evidence rather than assumptions about public behaviour.",
    "zh": "环境政策应以可靠的科学证据为基础，而非对公众行为的假设。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sound advice｜合理的建议",
   "sound evidence｜可靠的证据",
   "sound like｜听起来像",
   "sound the alarm｜拉响警报"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "soundless (adj.)",
   "soundlessly (adv.)",
   "soundness (n.)",
   "soundly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sound后接形容词；sound like后接名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sound"
 },
 {
  "w": "nationality",
  "uk": "/ˌnæʃəˈnæləti/",
  "us": "/ˌnæʃəˈnæləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "国籍",
    "en": "the legal status of belonging to a particular country"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "民族群体",
    "en": "a group sharing a national identity, culture, or history"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The application form asks for my nationality and address.",
    "zh": "申请表要求填写我的国籍和地址。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to essential healthcare should depend on medical need rather than a person's nationality or income.",
    "zh": "获得基本医疗服务应取决于医疗需求，而非个人国籍或收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dual nationality｜双重国籍",
   "acquire nationality｜取得国籍",
   "people of different nationalities｜不同国籍的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nation (n.)",
   "national (adj.)",
   "nationally (adv.)",
   "international (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nationality指国籍，不等同于出生地或族裔。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nationality"
 },
 {
  "w": "ruler",
  "uk": "/ˈruːlə/",
  "us": "/ˈruːlər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尺子；直尺",
    "en": "A straight tool for measuring lengths or drawing straight lines."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "统治者",
    "en": "A person who governs a country or territory."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Use a ruler to draw a straight line here.",
    "zh": "用尺子在这里画一条直线。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The decisions of ancient rulers often influenced trade, architecture, and the daily lives of ordinary people.",
    "zh": "古代统治者的决策往往影响贸易、建筑以及普通人的日常生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a plastic ruler｜塑料尺",
   "measure with a ruler｜用尺子测量",
   "an absolute ruler｜专制统治者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rule (v.)",
   "ruling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a ruler可指一把尺子或一位统治者，需看语境。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ruler"
 },
 {
  "w": "open",
  "uk": "/ˈəʊpən/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊpən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "敞开的；营业的",
    "en": "Not closed, or available for people to enter and use."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打开；开办；开始营业",
    "en": "To make something accessible or start operating a business."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "坦诚的；愿意接受的",
    "en": "Honest about your thoughts, or willing to consider new ideas."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leave the window open so fresh air can come in.",
    "zh": "让窗户开着，好让新鲜空气进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should remain open to public feedback when developing policies that affect access to essential services.",
    "zh": "政府制定影响基本服务获取的政策时，应保持开放态度，听取公众反馈。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "open the door｜开门",
   "open to the public｜向公众开放",
   "open to suggestions｜愿意听取建议",
   "keep an open mind｜保持开放心态"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "opening (n.)",
   "openness (n.)",
   "openly (adv.)",
   "reopen (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "closed",
   "close"
  ],
  "tip": "be open表示开着的状态；open作动词表示打开的动作。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "open"
 },
 {
  "w": "singer",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪŋə/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪŋər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "歌手；歌唱家",
    "en": "A person who sings, especially as a job."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The singer smiled as the audience began to clap.",
    "zh": "观众开始鼓掌时，歌手露出了笑容。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local festivals provide young singers with valuable opportunities to perform publicly and develop confidence in their abilities.",
    "zh": "当地节庆为年轻歌手提供了宝贵的公开演出机会，帮助他们建立对自身能力的信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lead singer｜主唱",
   "professional singer｜职业歌手",
   "opera singer｜歌剧演唱家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sing (v.)",
   "singing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "vocalist"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sing 的过去式、过去分词分别是 sang、sung。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "singer"
 },
 {
  "w": "TRUE",
  "uk": "/truː/",
  "us": "/truː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "真实的；正确的",
    "en": "matching the facts rather than being false or invented"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "真正的；名副其实的",
    "en": "having the essential qualities expected of someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "忠实的；忠诚的",
    "en": "remaining loyal to a person, belief, or principle"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Is it TRUE that your cat can open doors?",
    "zh": "你的猫会开门，这是真的吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students must assess whether online claims are TRUE before using them as evidence in academic essays.",
    "zh": "学生在将网上的说法用作学术论文的论据之前，必须评估其是否属实。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "true story｜真实的故事",
   "come true｜实现",
   "hold true｜成立；适用",
   "true to your word｜信守诺言"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "truth (n.)",
   "truly (adv.)",
   "truthful (adj.)",
   "untrue (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "correct",
   "accurate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "false",
   "untrue"
  ],
  "tip": "true强调符合事实；real强调实际存在。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "true"
 },
 {
  "w": "television",
  "uk": "/ˈtelɪvɪʒən/",
  "us": "/ˈteləvɪʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电视；电视节目",
    "en": "broadcast programmes with moving pictures and sound"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电视机",
    "en": "a device used to watch broadcast or streamed programmes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电视业",
    "en": "the industry that produces and broadcasts television programmes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a wildlife programme on television after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后我们在电视上看了一档野生动物节目。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Educational television can introduce children to scientific ideas that are difficult to demonstrate in classrooms.",
    "zh": "教育类电视节目可以让儿童接触难以在课堂上演示的科学概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "watch television｜看电视",
   "on television｜在电视上",
   "television programme｜电视节目",
   "television industry｜电视业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "televise (v.)",
   "televised (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "TV"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "watch television不加冠词；指一台电视机用a television。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "television"
 },
 {
  "w": "back",
  "uk": "/bæk/",
  "us": "/bæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "背部；后部",
    "en": "The rear part of your body or of something else."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向后；回原处",
    "en": "Towards the rear, or to a previous place or state."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "支持；资助",
    "en": "To support a person, plan, or organization."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My back feels stiff after sitting all morning.",
    "zh": "坐了一上午后，我感觉背部僵硬。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local residents are likely to back transport projects that reduce congestion and improve access to employment.",
    "zh": "当地居民很可能支持能缓解拥堵并方便就业出行的交通项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "back pain｜背痛",
   "go back｜回去",
   "back a proposal｜支持提议",
   "at the back of｜在…的后部"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "backward (adv.)",
   "backwards (adv.)",
   "backing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "go back表示回去；back作动词可表示支持。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "back"
 },
 {
  "w": "gray",
  "uk": "/ɡreɪ/",
  "us": "/ɡreɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "灰色的；灰白的",
    "en": "having a colour between black and white"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灰色",
    "en": "the colour between black and white"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "阴沉的；阴郁的",
    "en": "dark and cloudy, or lacking cheerfulness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather wears a gray coat every winter.",
    "zh": "我祖父每年冬天都穿一件灰色外套。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing gray concrete surfaces with green spaces can make urban neighbourhoods more attractive and welcoming.",
    "zh": "用绿地取代灰色混凝土铺面，可以让城市社区更美观、更宜居。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gray hair｜灰白头发",
   "gray skies｜阴沉的天空",
   "a gray area｜灰色地带"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grayness (n.)",
   "grayish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grey"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gray为美式拼写，英式通常写grey。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gray"
 },
 {
  "w": "anyone",
  "uk": "/ˈeniwʌn/",
  "us": "/ˈeniwʌn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "任何人",
    "en": "any person, without restriction"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "有人；任何人",
    "en": "a person, used in questions and negative statements"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Anyone can join our weekend walk by the river.",
    "zh": "任何人都可以参加我们周末的河边散步活动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries should provide free internet access to anyone who needs it, regardless of income.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆应向任何有需要的人免费提供互联网服务，不论其收入如何。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "anyone else｜其他人",
   "almost anyone｜几乎任何人",
   "anyone who｜任何……的人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "anybody"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作主语时谓语用单数；any one强调任意一个。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anyone"
 },
 {
  "w": "beautiful",
  "uk": "/ˈbjuːtɪfl/",
  "us": "/ˈbjuːtɪfl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "美丽的；优美的",
    "en": "Very pleasing to see, hear, or experience."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The garden looks beautiful after the spring rain.",
    "zh": "春雨过后，花园看起来很美。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting beautiful natural landscapes can attract visitors while preserving valuable habitats for future generations.",
    "zh": "保护美丽的自然景观既能吸引游客，又能为后代保留宝贵的栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "beautiful scenery｜美丽的风景",
   "a beautiful voice｜优美的嗓音",
   "a beautiful view｜美景"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "beauty (n.)",
   "beautifully (adv.)",
   "beautify (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lovely",
   "gorgeous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ugly"
  ],
  "tip": "可修饰景色、声音等；比较级用more beautiful。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beautiful"
 },
 {
  "w": "tooth",
  "uk": "/tuːθ/",
  "us": "/tuːθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牙齿",
    "en": "a hard structure in the mouth used for biting and chewing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "齿状部分",
    "en": "a pointed part of a tool, comb or wheel"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dentist checked each tooth with a small mirror.",
    "zh": "牙医用一面小镜子检查了每颗牙齿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular dental checkups can help prevent tooth decay and reduce the need for expensive treatment.",
    "zh": "定期牙科检查有助于预防蛀牙，减少接受昂贵治疗的需要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "brush your teeth｜刷牙",
   "tooth decay｜蛀牙；龋齿",
   "a loose tooth｜松动的牙齿",
   "wisdom tooth｜智齿"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "toothless (adj.)",
   "toothy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数是不规则形式teeth，注意元音也变化。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tooth"
 },
 {
  "w": "relax",
  "uk": "/rɪˈlæks/",
  "us": "/rɪˈlæks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放松；休息",
    "en": "To become calm and comfortable, or make someone feel this way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放松肌肉；松弛",
    "en": "To make muscles less tight, or become less tight."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放宽；放松限制",
    "en": "To make rules or restrictions less strict."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I like to relax with music after dinner.",
    "zh": "我喜欢晚饭后听音乐放松。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular access to green spaces helps urban residents relax and may improve their overall mental health.",
    "zh": "经常接触绿地有助于城市居民放松，也可能改善他们的整体心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "relax your muscles｜放松肌肉",
   "relax restrictions｜放宽限制",
   "sit back and relax｜靠着坐好并放松"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "relaxation (n.)",
   "relaxed (adj.)",
   "relaxing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unwind"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tense up"
  ],
  "tip": "人感到放松用relaxed；事物令人放松用relaxing。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "relax"
 },
 {
  "w": "summer",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌmə/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌmər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "夏天；夏季",
    "en": "The warmest season, between spring and autumn."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We often eat outside during the long summer evenings.",
    "zh": "夏天傍晚很长，我们常在户外吃饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising summer temperatures may increase demand for electricity as more households rely on air conditioning.",
    "zh": "夏季气温上升可能使更多家庭依赖空调，从而增加电力需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in summer｜在夏天",
   "summer holidays｜暑假",
   "summer heat｜夏季的炎热",
   "summer camp｜夏令营"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "summery (adj.)",
   "summertime (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "winter"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指夏季可用in summer；季节名称通常小写。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "summer"
 },
 {
  "w": "group",
  "uk": "/ɡruːp/",
  "us": "/ɡruːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组；群；团体",
    "en": "People or things together or connected by a shared feature."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分组；聚集",
    "en": "Arrange people or things together, often according to shared features."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A group of cyclists stopped outside the village bakery.",
    "zh": "一群骑行者在村里的面包店外停了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can group students by their learning needs to provide more effective support during classroom activities.",
    "zh": "教师可以根据学生的学习需求分组，以便在课堂活动中提供更有效的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a group of｜一群；一组",
   "age group｜年龄组",
   "group discussion｜小组讨论",
   "group work｜小组合作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grouping (n.)",
   "regroup (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a group of后常接复数名词；动词常用group A by B。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "group"
 },
 {
  "w": "member",
  "uk": "/ˈmembə/",
  "us": "/ˈmembɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成员；会员",
    "en": "a person who belongs to a group or organisation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each club member brought a dish to share.",
    "zh": "每位俱乐部成员都带了一道菜与大家分享。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every member of a community can contribute to protecting local green spaces through regular volunteer work.",
    "zh": "社区中的每一位成员都可以通过定期参与志愿服务，为保护当地绿地出力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a member of｜……的成员",
   "a team member｜团队成员",
   "a family member｜家庭成员",
   "a founding member｜创始成员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "membership (n)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示某团体的成员，用a member of。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "member"
 },
 {
  "w": "fish",
  "uk": "/fɪʃ/",
  "us": "/fɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鱼；鱼肉",
    "en": "an animal living in water with fins; its edible flesh"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "捕鱼；钓鱼",
    "en": "to try to catch fish"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched small fish swimming under the wooden bridge.",
    "zh": "我们看着小鱼在木桥下游动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Eating locally caught fish can support coastal communities, provided that fishing practices protect marine ecosystems.",
    "zh": "只要捕捞方式能保护海洋生态系统，食用本地捕获的鱼就能支持沿海社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fresh fish｜鲜鱼",
   "go fishing｜去钓鱼",
   "fish stocks｜鱼类资源量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fishing (n.)",
   "fishery (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示多条鱼通常仍用fish；鱼肉为不可数名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fish"
 },
 {
  "w": "daughter",
  "uk": "/ˈdɔːtə/",
  "us": "/ˈdɔtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女儿",
    "en": "Someone's female child."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their daughter made pancakes for the whole family.",
    "zh": "他们的女儿给全家人做了薄煎饼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Equal access to education ensures that daughters and sons have similar opportunities to develop their talents.",
    "zh": "平等的受教育机会确保女儿和儿子都能有相近的机会发展自身才能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an eldest daughter｜长女",
   "a teenage daughter｜十几岁的女儿",
   "a mother and daughter｜一对母女"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "daughter-in-law (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "daughter-in-law是儿媳，不是继女。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "daughter"
 },
 {
  "w": "sheep",
  "uk": "/ʃiːp/",
  "us": "/ʃiːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "绵羊",
    "en": "a farm animal kept for its wool, meat or milk"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Several sheep were resting under a tree near the farm.",
    "zh": "几只绵羊正在农场附近的一棵树下休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Keeping too many sheep on fragile grasslands can damage vegetation and increase the risk of soil erosion.",
    "zh": "在脆弱的草地上饲养过多绵羊会破坏植被，增加水土流失的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a flock of sheep｜一群绵羊",
   "raise sheep｜饲养绵羊",
   "shear sheep｜给绵羊剪毛"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sheep单复数同形；山羊是goat。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sheep"
 },
 {
  "w": "school",
  "uk": "/skuːl/",
  "us": "/skuːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学校；上学",
    "en": "A place where children learn, or the time spent learning there."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学派；流派",
    "en": "A group sharing particular ideas, methods, or styles."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鱼群",
    "en": "A group of fish swimming together."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walk to school together along the river.",
    "zh": "我们一起沿着河边步行上学。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every school should provide opportunities for students to develop practical skills alongside their academic knowledge.",
    "zh": "每所学校都应提供机会，让学生在学习学科知识的同时培养实践技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "primary school｜小学",
   "secondary school｜中学",
   "school of thought｜学派",
   "a school of fish｜一群鱼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "schooling (n.)",
   "schoolchild (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "go to school指上学；go to the school指去校址。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "school"
 },
 {
  "w": "always",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːlweɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːlweɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "总是；每次都",
    "en": "every time or on every occasion"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "一直；永远",
    "en": "throughout all time or for ever"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My neighbour always waves when she sees me.",
    "zh": "我的邻居每次看见我都会挥手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Higher levels of economic growth do not always lead to better living conditions for every citizen.",
    "zh": "更高水平的经济增长并不总能让每位公民的生活条件得到改善。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "almost always｜几乎总是",
   "not always｜并非总是",
   "as always｜像往常一样"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "invariably"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "never"
  ],
  "tip": "通常放实义动词前、be动词后；not always是并非总是。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "always"
 },
 {
  "w": "usually",
  "uk": "/ˈjuːʒuəli/",
  "us": "/ˈjuːʒuəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "通常；一般地",
    "en": "On most occasions, but not always."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I usually walk to work unless it rains.",
    "zh": "除非下雨，我通常步行上班。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People usually find it easier to maintain healthy habits when their friends and family offer support.",
    "zh": "有朋友和家人的支持，人们通常更容易保持健康的习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "usually go｜通常去",
   "usually available｜通常可获得的",
   "as usually happens｜正如通常发生的那样"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "usual (adj.)",
   "unusual (adj.)",
   "unusually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "normally",
   "generally"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rarely",
   "never"
  ],
  "tip": "通常放在实义动词前、be动词后。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "usually"
 },
 {
  "w": "history",
  "uk": "/ˈhɪstəri/",
  "us": "/ˈhɪstəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "历史；历史学",
    "en": "Past events, or the study of them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经历；既往记录",
    "en": "A record of someone's or something's past experiences or conditions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our guide explained the history of the old castle.",
    "zh": "导游讲述了这座古堡的历史。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying history helps citizens understand how past decisions continue to shape modern societies and institutions.",
    "zh": "学习历史有助于公民理解过去的决策如何持续塑造现代社会及其制度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ancient history｜古代史",
   "medical history｜病史",
   "a history of｜有……的历史",
   "throughout history｜纵观历史"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "historian (n.)",
   "historical (adj.)",
   "historically (adv.)",
   "historic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "historical指与历史有关；historic指有历史意义。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "history"
 },
 {
  "w": "Friday",
  "uk": "/ˈfraɪdeɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈfraɪdeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "星期五",
    "en": "the day after Thursday and before Saturday"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We usually cook dinner together at home on Friday.",
    "zh": "我们通常星期五在家一起做晚饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Allowing employees to work from home on Friday may reduce commuting pressure and improve job satisfaction.",
    "zh": "允许员工星期五居家办公，可能减轻通勤压力并提高工作满意度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on Friday｜在星期五",
   "Friday evening｜星期五晚上",
   "every Friday｜每周五"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母大写；on Friday，但 next Friday 前不加 on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "friday"
 },
 {
  "w": "feet",
  "uk": "/fiːt/",
  "us": "/fiːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脚（foot的复数）",
    "en": "the body parts at the ends of the legs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英尺（foot的复数）",
    "en": "units of length, each equal to twelve inches"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My feet felt cold against the kitchen tiles.",
    "zh": "我的脚踩在厨房瓷砖上，感觉冰凉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Designing comfortable footwear can protect the feet of workers who spend most of their day standing.",
    "zh": "设计舒适的鞋子可以保护那些一天中大部分时间都站着工作的人的双脚。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bare feet｜赤脚",
   "on your feet｜站着",
   "six feet tall｜六英尺高",
   "get to your feet｜站起来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "foot (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "foot的复数是feet；作前置修饰语用单数，如six-foot。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "feet"
 },
 {
  "w": "wash",
  "uk": "/wɒʃ/",
  "us": "/wɑːʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "洗；清洗",
    "en": "To clean something using water, often with soap."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "冲走；冲刷",
    "en": "To carry or move something through flowing water."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洗涤；清洗",
    "en": "An act of cleaning with water."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please wash your hands before you help prepare dinner.",
    "zh": "帮忙准备晚餐前，请先洗手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach children to wash their hands properly to reduce the spread of infectious diseases.",
    "zh": "学校应教孩子正确洗手，以减少传染病的传播。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wash your hands｜洗手",
   "wash the dishes｜洗碗",
   "wash away｜冲走",
   "give something a wash｜把某物洗一洗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "washing (n.)",
   "washable (adj.)",
   "unwashed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clean",
   "cleanse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wash强调用水洗；clean泛指清洁，不一定用水。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wash"
 },
 {
  "w": "sofa",
  "uk": "/ˈsəʊfə/",
  "us": "/ˈsoʊfə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "沙发",
    "en": "A soft seat with a back for several people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We curled up on the sofa after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，我们蜷坐在沙发上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A comfortable sofa in a shared lounge can encourage residents to spend more time together.",
    "zh": "公共休息室里一张舒适的沙发可以鼓励住户多聚在一起。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sit on the sofa｜坐在沙发上",
   "sofa bed｜沙发床",
   "leather sofa｜皮沙发"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "couch"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "坐在沙发上用on the sofa，不用in。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sofa"
 },
 {
  "w": "interesting",
  "uk": "/ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有趣的；引人关注的",
    "en": "Making you want to pay attention or learn more."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found an interesting little museum near the station.",
    "zh": "我们在车站附近发现了一家有趣的小博物馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The survey revealed an interesting connection between access to green spaces and residents' overall satisfaction with urban life.",
    "zh": "这项调查揭示了绿地可达性与居民对城市生活的总体满意度之间一种值得关注的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an interesting question｜有趣的问题",
   "an interesting finding｜值得关注的发现",
   "find something interesting｜觉得某事有趣"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "interest (n.)",
   "interest (v.)",
   "interested (adj.)",
   "interestingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "engaging"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "boring",
   "uninteresting"
  ],
  "tip": "interesting形容事物引人兴趣，不等于funny好笑。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "interesting"
 },
 {
  "w": "rice",
  "uk": "/raɪs/",
  "us": "/raɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大米；米饭；稻",
    "en": "A cereal plant whose grains are cooked and eaten."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had rice with steamed fish for dinner.",
    "zh": "我们晚餐吃了米饭和清蒸鱼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved irrigation methods can help farmers grow rice while using less water in regions affected by drought.",
    "zh": "改进灌溉方式可帮助受干旱影响地区的农民在减少用水的同时种植水稻。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bowl of rice｜一碗米饭",
   "brown rice｜糙米",
   "grow rice｜种水稻",
   "rice field｜稻田"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rice通常不可数；一粒米用a grain of rice。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rice"
 },
 {
  "w": "area",
  "uk": "/ˈeəriə/",
  "us": "/ˈeriə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地区；区域",
    "en": "A particular part of a place or geographical region"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "面积",
    "en": "The amount of surface that something covers"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领域；方面",
    "en": "A particular subject or part of an activity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a quiet picnic area beside the lake.",
    "zh": "湖边有一处安静的野餐区。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport can improve access to employment for people living in rural areas.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通可以让农村居民更容易获得就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a residential area｜住宅区",
   "surface area｜表面积",
   "an area of research｜研究领域",
   "rural areas｜农村地区"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示面积时常用平方米等单位；也可指研究领域。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "area"
 },
 {
  "w": "clean",
  "uk": "/kliːn/",
  "us": "/kliːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "干净的；清洁的",
    "en": "Free from dirt, marks, or unwanted substances."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打扫；清洗",
    "en": "To remove dirt or unwanted substances from something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "清洁无污染的",
    "en": "Producing little or no pollution."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There are clean towels on the shelf beside you.",
    "zh": "你旁边的架子上有干净的毛巾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in clean energy can reduce air pollution while creating new employment opportunities in developing industries.",
    "zh": "投资清洁能源可以减少空气污染，同时在新兴产业中创造就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep clean｜保持干净",
   "clean water｜清洁的水",
   "clean energy｜清洁能源",
   "clean the kitchen｜打扫厨房"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cleaner (n.)",
   "cleanliness (n.)",
   "cleanly (adv.)",
   "unclean (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "spotless",
   "wash"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dirty",
   "polluted"
  ],
  "tip": "clean是干净；clear是清澈或清楚，不能随意互换。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clean"
 },
 {
  "w": "business",
  "uk": "/ˈbɪznəs/",
  "us": "/ˈbɪznəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "商业；生意",
    "en": "The activity of buying and selling goods or services."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "企业；商店",
    "en": "An organisation that sells goods or services."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "事务；职责",
    "en": "Matters that someone needs to deal with or is responsible for."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Business is usually slow at the café on Mondays.",
    "zh": "这家咖啡馆周一的生意通常比较清淡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses often create local employment, but they may struggle to compete with larger companies.",
    "zh": "小企业通常能为当地创造就业机会，但可能难以与大公司竞争。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "do business with｜与……做生意",
   "run a business｜经营企业",
   "on business｜出差",
   "none of your business｜与你无关"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "businessperson (n.)",
   "businesslike (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指商业活动时不可数；指具体企业时可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "business"
 },
 {
  "w": "walking",
  "uk": "/ˈwɔːkɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːkɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "步行；散步",
    "en": "Moving on foot, especially for exercise or pleasure."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Walking to the shops takes about ten minutes.",
    "zh": "步行去商店大约需要十分钟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities can encourage walking by improving pavement quality and creating safer crossings near schools and shopping areas.",
    "zh": "城市可以通过改善人行道质量，并在学校和购物区附近设置更安全的过街设施，鼓励步行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go walking｜去散步",
   "walking boots｜徒步靴",
   "walking distance｜步行可达的距离",
   "brisk walking｜快步走"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "walk (v.)",
   "walk (n.)",
   "walker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "walking中的l不发音；步行去某地也可用on foot。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "walking"
 },
 {
  "w": "name",
  "uk": "/neɪm/",
  "us": "/neɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "名字；名称",
    "en": "a word or words used to identify someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "命名；说出名称",
    "en": "to give a name or say what someone is called"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "名声；声誉",
    "en": "the reputation someone or something has"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "What name did you choose for your new kitten?",
    "zh": "你给新来的小猫取了什么名字？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies often choose a memorable name to distinguish their products in an increasingly competitive market.",
    "zh": "企业往往选择容易记住的名称，以便在竞争日益激烈的市场中突出自己的产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "full name｜全名",
   "brand name｜品牌名称",
   "name after｜以……的名字命名",
   "make a name for yourself｜成名"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nameless (adj.)",
   "rename (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式name A after B表示以B的名字命名A。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "name"
 },
 {
  "w": "airport",
  "uk": "/ˈeəpɔːt/",
  "us": "/ˈerpɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "机场",
    "en": "A place where planes take off, land, and collect passengers"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We arrived at the airport before the sun rose.",
    "zh": "太阳还没升起，我们就到了机场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding an airport may boost tourism, but it can also increase noise pollution for nearby residents.",
    "zh": "扩建机场可能促进旅游业，但也可能加重附近居民受到的噪声污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "international airport｜国际机场",
   "airport terminal｜机场航站楼",
   "airport shuttle｜机场接驳车",
   "airport security｜机场安检"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "在机场通常用at the airport；航站楼是terminal。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "airport"
 },
 {
  "w": "often",
  "uk": "/ˈɒfən/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːfən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "经常；常常",
    "en": "many times or on many occasions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We often walk by the river after dinner.",
    "zh": "我们经常在晚饭后沿河散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who exercise regularly often report better sleep and higher energy levels throughout the day.",
    "zh": "经常锻炼的人往往表示，他们睡得更好，白天也更有精力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "quite often｜相当频繁",
   "more often｜更经常",
   "how often｜多久一次",
   "as often as possible｜尽可能经常"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "frequently"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rarely",
   "seldom"
  ],
  "tip": "通常放实义动词前、be动词后；t也可发音。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "often"
 },
 {
  "w": "dollar",
  "uk": "/ˈdɒlə/",
  "us": "/ˈdɑːlər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "美元；元（货币单位）",
    "en": "A currency unit used in the US and several other countries."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I paid one dollar for this small notebook.",
    "zh": "我花了一美元买这本小笔记本。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A stronger dollar can make imported goods cheaper for American consumers while increasing costs for overseas buyers.",
    "zh": "美元走强可使美国消费者购买进口商品更便宜，同时增加海外买家的成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "US dollar｜美元",
   "Australian dollar｜澳大利亚元",
   "a strong dollar｜强势美元",
   "the dollar exchange rate｜美元汇率"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不只指美元，也用于加拿大元、澳大利亚元等。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dollar"
 },
 {
  "w": "it",
  "uk": "/ɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "它；这；那",
    "en": "refers to a thing, animal, or situation already mentioned"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "作形式主语或宾语",
    "en": "used as a grammatical subject or object without naming anything"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I found your scarf and put it by the door.",
    "zh": "我找到了你的围巾，把它放在门边了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It is essential for cities to provide reliable public transport if they want to reduce traffic congestion.",
    "zh": "城市若想缓解交通拥堵，就必须提供可靠的公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "it depends｜视情况而定",
   "it seems that｜似乎",
   "make it clear｜说清楚"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "小写it是代词；大写IT才表示信息技术。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "it"
 },
 {
  "w": "baby",
  "uk": "/ˈbeɪbi/",
  "us": "/ˈbeɪbi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "婴儿；幼崽",
    "en": "a very young child or animal"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "幼小的；婴儿用的",
    "en": "very young, or intended for babies"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "娇惯；把…当婴儿对待",
    "en": "treat someone as helpless or needing excessive care"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The baby fell asleep while her father sang softly.",
    "zh": "爸爸轻声唱歌时，宝宝睡着了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable childcare helps parents of young babies return to work without placing excessive pressure on family finances.",
    "zh": "负担得起的托育服务有助于婴儿的父母重返工作岗位，而不会给家庭财务带来过大压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "newborn baby｜新生儿",
   "have a baby｜生孩子",
   "baby food｜婴儿食品",
   "baby clothes｜婴儿服装"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "babyhood (n.)",
   "babyish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "infant"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为babies；baby作动词常含“过度照顾”之意。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "baby"
 },
 {
  "w": "rabbit",
  "uk": "/ˈræbɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈræbɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "兔；家兔",
    "en": "a small animal with long ears, soft fur, and strong back legs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A white rabbit hopped across the grass towards us.",
    "zh": "一只白兔蹦蹦跳跳地穿过草地，朝我们跑来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Introducing rabbits into new environments can damage native vegetation and disrupt the balance of local ecosystems.",
    "zh": "将兔子引入新环境可能破坏原生植被，扰乱当地生态系统的平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pet rabbit｜宠物兔",
   "wild rabbit｜野兔",
   "rabbit hole｜兔洞"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rabbit泛指兔；hare通常指腿耳更长的野兔。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rabbit"
 },
 {
  "w": "water",
  "uk": "/ˈwɔːtə/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水",
    "en": "The clear liquid people drink and plants need to grow."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……浇水",
    "en": "To give water to plants or soil."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please water the plants before we leave today.",
    "zh": "今天出门前请给植物浇水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to clean drinking water is essential for preventing disease and improving public health.",
    "zh": "获得清洁的饮用水对预防疾病和改善公共健康至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "drinking water｜饮用水",
   "running water｜自来水；流动的水",
   "water shortage｜缺水",
   "water the garden｜给花园浇水"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "watery (adj.)",
   "waterless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示水通常不可数：a glass of water是一杯水。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "water"
 },
 {
  "w": "half",
  "uk": "/hɑːf/",
  "us": "/hæf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一半；半场",
    "en": "one of two equal parts of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "一半的",
    "en": "equal to one of two equal parts of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "半；部分地",
    "en": "to an extent that is not complete"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I saved half of my sandwich for later.",
    "zh": "我留了一半三明治，准备晚点吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Nearly half of the residents surveyed supported creating more green spaces in the city centre.",
    "zh": "受访居民中近一半支持在市中心增设绿地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "half an hour｜半小时",
   "half of｜……的一半",
   "half price｜半价",
   "half asleep｜半睡半醒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "halve (v.)",
   "halves (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为halves；“半小时”用half an hour。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "half"
 },
 {
  "w": "knife",
  "uk": "/naɪf/",
  "us": "/naɪf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刀；餐刀",
    "en": "a tool with a handle and blade used for cutting"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Use a sharp knife to slice the bread.",
    "zh": "用一把锋利的刀把面包切成片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning to use a kitchen knife safely is an important part of practical food education.",
    "zh": "学习安全使用菜刀是实用饮食教育的重要组成部分。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "kitchen knife｜菜刀",
   "sharp knife｜锋利的刀",
   "bread knife｜面包刀",
   "knife and fork｜刀叉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "knives (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "k不发音；复数把-fe变为-ves：knives。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "knife"
 },
 {
  "w": "thanks",
  "uk": "/θæŋks/",
  "us": "/θæŋks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "int.",
    "zh": "谢谢",
    "en": "used to tell someone you are grateful"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "感谢；谢意",
    "en": "words or actions expressing gratitude"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Thanks for helping me carry these heavy bags upstairs.",
    "zh": "谢谢你帮我把这些沉重的袋子搬上楼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public expressions of thanks can help volunteers feel valued and encourage continued participation in community projects.",
    "zh": "公开表达感谢能让志愿者感到受重视，并鼓励他们持续参与社区项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thanks for your help｜谢谢你的帮助",
   "many thanks｜非常感谢",
   "express thanks｜表达谢意",
   "thanks to｜多亏；由于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thank (v.)",
   "thankful (adj.)",
   "thankfully (adv.)",
   "thankfulness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thank you"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "thanks for后接名词或动名词；thanks to表示多亏。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thanks"
 },
 {
  "w": "dangerous",
  "uk": "/ˈdeɪndʒərəs/",
  "us": "/ˈdeɪndʒərəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "危险的",
    "en": "Likely to cause harm, injury, or serious problems."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That broken step is dangerous, so please avoid it.",
    "zh": "那级破损的台阶很危险，请避开它。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poorly maintained roads can create dangerous conditions for cyclists, especially during heavy rain or after dark.",
    "zh": "维护不善的道路会给骑行者带来危险，尤其是在大雨中或天黑后。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dangerous conditions｜危险状况",
   "highly dangerous｜非常危险",
   "dangerous driving｜危险驾驶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "danger (n.)",
   "dangerously (adv.)",
   "endanger (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unsafe",
   "hazardous",
   "risky"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "safe",
   "harmless"
  ],
  "tip": "dangerous是形容词；修饰动作要用dangerously。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dangerous"
 },
 {
  "w": "message",
  "uk": "/ˈmesɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈmesɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "消息；口信",
    "en": "Information sent or left for someone to read or hear."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "主旨；寓意",
    "en": "The main idea that a story, speech, or artwork communicates."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……发消息",
    "en": "To send someone an electronic communication."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please leave a message if I miss your call.",
    "zh": "如果我没接到你的电话，请留言。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns need a clear message that people from different backgrounds can easily understand.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传需要传达清晰的信息，让不同背景的人都能轻松理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "leave a message｜留言",
   "send a message｜发送消息",
   "get the message across｜把意思传达清楚",
   "text message｜短信"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "messaging (n.)",
   "messenger (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "message是可数名词；information通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "message"
 },
 {
  "w": "sea",
  "uk": "/siː/",
  "us": "/siː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海；海洋",
    "en": "the large area of salt water covering much of Earth"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大量；一大片",
    "en": "a large mass of similar things seen together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children watched small boats sailing across the sea.",
    "zh": "孩子们看着小船在海上航行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Plastic waste entering the sea threatens marine wildlife and can eventually affect human food supplies.",
    "zh": "进入海洋的塑料垃圾威胁海洋野生生物，并可能最终影响人类的食物供应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "by the sea｜在海边",
   "at sea｜在海上",
   "sea level｜海平面",
   "a sea of faces｜人头攒动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "seaside (n.)",
   "seawater (n.)",
   "seagoing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "at sea指在海上；by the sea指在海边。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sea"
 },
 {
  "w": "bread",
  "uk": "/bred/",
  "us": "/bred/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "面包",
    "en": "a food made from flour and water, usually baked"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fresh bread was cooling beside the kitchen window.",
    "zh": "刚出炉的面包放在厨房窗边晾凉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing wholegrain bread instead of refined varieties can increase fibre intake and support a balanced diet.",
    "zh": "选择全谷物面包而非精制面包，可以增加膳食纤维摄入，有助于均衡饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a loaf of bread｜一条面包",
   "a slice of bread｜一片面包",
   "wholemeal bread｜全麦面包",
   "bake bread｜烤面包"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "breadcrumbs (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bread通常不可数；一片用a slice of bread。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bread"
 },
 {
  "w": "between",
  "uk": "/bɪˈtwiːn/",
  "us": "/bɪˈtwiːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……之间",
    "en": "In the space or period separating people, things, or events."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "涉及双方或多方；由…共享",
    "en": "Connecting distinct people or groups, or shared by them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在中间；在其间",
    "en": "In the space or interval separating things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cat squeezed between the sofa and the wall.",
    "zh": "猫从沙发和墙之间挤了过去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cooperation between schools and local businesses can help students develop practical skills before entering employment.",
    "zh": "学校与当地企业的合作可以帮助学生在就业前培养实用技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "between meals｜两餐之间",
   "a link between｜……之间的联系",
   "choose between｜在……之间选择",
   "between them｜由他们共同；在他们之间"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "between不只限于两者，也可用于多个明确对象之间。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "between"
 },
 {
  "w": "far",
  "uk": "/fɑː/",
  "us": "/fɑr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "远；遥远地",
    "en": "At, to, or over a great distance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "很；大大地",
    "en": "To a much greater degree."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "远处的；较远的",
    "en": "More distant from you or a particular point."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked so far that our feet began to ache.",
    "zh": "我们走了很远，走得脚都开始疼了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable public transport can make commuting far more affordable for people who live outside major city centres.",
    "zh": "可靠的公共交通可以让住在大城市中心以外的人通勤时省下很多钱。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "far away｜遥远",
   "far from｜远离；远非",
   "far more｜多得多",
   "so far｜到目前为止"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "farther (adv.)",
   "further (adv.)",
   "farthest (adv.)",
   "furthest (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "near"
  ],
  "tip": "far可修饰比较级，如far better；不用far good。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "far"
 },
 {
  "w": "eighteen",
  "uk": "/ˌeɪˈtiːn/",
  "us": "/ˌeɪˈtiːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "十八",
    "en": "The number after seventeen and before nineteen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We baked eighteen muffins for the picnic this morning.",
    "zh": "我们今天早上为野餐烤了十八个松饼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In many countries, citizens gain the right to vote when they reach the age of eighteen.",
    "zh": "在许多国家，公民年满十八岁便获得投票权。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "eighteen years old｜十八岁",
   "at eighteen｜在十八岁时",
   "under eighteen｜未满十八岁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eighteenth (num.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "eighteen是十八，eighty是八十；注意词尾发音。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eighteen"
 },
 {
  "w": "time",
  "uk": "/taɪm/",
  "us": "/taɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "时间；时刻",
    "en": "what clocks measure, or a particular point in its passage"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "次；回",
    "en": "an occasion when something happens"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "计时；安排时机",
    "en": "to measure duration or choose when something should happen"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We still have time for a walk before dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭前我们还有时间散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should give students enough time to explore creative activities alongside their preparation for formal examinations.",
    "zh": "学校应在学生准备正式考试的同时，给予他们足够的时间探索创意活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spend time doing something｜花时间做某事",
   "on time｜准时",
   "in time｜及时",
   "time management｜时间管理"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "timing (n.)",
   "timely (adj.)",
   "timeless (adj.)",
   "timer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "时间通常不可数；表示次数时可数，如three times。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "time"
 },
 {
  "w": "company",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌmpəni/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌmpəni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公司",
    "en": "An organisation that sells goods or services"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陪伴；作伴",
    "en": "The presence of another person or people with you"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister works for a company that makes bicycles.",
    "zh": "我姐姐在一家制造自行车的公司工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A company that invests in staff training is more likely to retain skilled employees over time.",
    "zh": "一家愿意投入员工培训的公司，更有可能长期留住技术熟练的员工。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "work for a company｜在一家公司工作",
   "set up a company｜创办公司",
   "keep someone company｜陪伴某人",
   "enjoy someone's company｜喜欢与某人相处"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "business",
   "firm",
   "companionship"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表“公司”可数；表“陪伴”不可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "company"
 },
 {
  "w": "bathroom",
  "uk": "/ˈbɑːθruːm/",
  "us": "/ˈbæθruːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "浴室；卫生间",
    "en": "A room with a bath or shower, often including a toilet."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洗手间；厕所",
    "en": "A room containing a toilet, especially in American English."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She hung a clean towel beside the bathroom sink.",
    "zh": "她在浴室洗手池旁挂了一条干净毛巾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing water-saving fixtures in the bathroom can help households reduce consumption without changing their daily routines.",
    "zh": "在浴室安装节水设备，可以帮助家庭在不改变日常习惯的情况下减少用水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "private bathroom｜独立卫浴",
   "shared bathroom｜共用浴室",
   "bathroom sink｜浴室洗手池",
   "go to the bathroom｜上厕所"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式英语中bathroom也可指没有浴缸的厕所。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bathroom"
 },
 {
  "w": "dance",
  "uk": "/dɑːns/",
  "us": "/dæns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "跳舞",
    "en": "to move your body rhythmically, usually to music"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "舞蹈；舞会",
    "en": "rhythmic movement to music, or an event for dancing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We danced in the kitchen while dinner was cooking.",
    "zh": "晚饭还在做的时候，我们在厨房里跳起了舞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional dance can strengthen community identity while offering younger generations a connection to their cultural heritage.",
    "zh": "传统舞蹈能够增强社区认同感，同时让年轻一代与自身文化遗产建立联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dance to music｜随着音乐跳舞",
   "traditional dance｜传统舞蹈",
   "dance class｜舞蹈课",
   "go dancing｜去跳舞"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dancer (n.)",
   "dancing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "随音乐跳舞用dance to music，介词用to。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dance"
 },
 {
  "w": "favorite",
  "uk": "/ˈfeɪvərɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈfeɪvərɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最喜欢的",
    "en": "Liked or preferred more than others"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "最喜爱的人或物",
    "en": "A person or thing someone likes best"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "夺冠热门",
    "en": "A competitor considered most likely to win"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This blue sweater is my favorite winter item.",
    "zh": "这件蓝色毛衣是我冬天最喜欢的一件衣服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Surveys of children's favorite leisure activities can help local authorities design more appealing public recreation spaces.",
    "zh": "调查儿童最喜欢的休闲活动，有助于地方政府设计更有吸引力的公共休闲空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a favorite pastime｜最喜爱的消遣",
   "a firm favorite｜一直备受喜爱的人或物",
   "the clear favorite to win｜明显的夺冠热门"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "favor (n.)",
   "favor (v.)",
   "favorable (adj.)",
   "favoritism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "preferred"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "favorite是美式拼写，英式为favourite；通常不用most修饰。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "favorite"
 },
 {
  "w": "tea",
  "uk": "/tiː/",
  "us": "/tiː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "茶；茶水",
    "en": "a drink made by putting tea leaves in hot water"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "茶叶",
    "en": "dried leaves used to make tea"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "茶点；晚餐",
    "en": "a light afternoon meal or, in Britain, an early evening meal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I made a pot of tea while you rested.",
    "zh": "你休息的时候，我泡了一壶茶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In many cultures, sharing tea provides an opportunity for conversation and strengthens relationships between generations.",
    "zh": "在许多文化中，一起喝茶为交谈提供了机会，也增进了代际关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cup of tea｜一杯茶",
   "make tea｜泡茶",
   "tea leaves｜茶叶",
   "afternoon tea｜下午茶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "茶水通常不可数；点单时two teas指两杯茶。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tea"
 },
 {
  "w": "change",
  "uk": "/tʃeɪndʒ/",
  "us": "/tʃeɪndʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "改变；更换；兑换",
    "en": "to become different, replace something, or exchange money"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "变化；改变",
    "en": "an instance or process of becoming different"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "零钱；找零",
    "en": "coins, or money returned when you pay more than the price"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We changed our plans when the rain started falling.",
    "zh": "开始下雨时，我们改变了计划。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should change transport policies to encourage cycling and reduce dependence on private cars in cities.",
    "zh": "政府应调整交通政策，鼓励骑行并减少城市居民对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "change your mind｜改变主意",
   "climate change｜气候变化",
   "social change｜社会变革",
   "small change｜零钱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "changeable (adj.)",
   "unchanged (adj.)",
   "changing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "alter"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“零钱、找零”时不可数，不能说a change。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "change"
 },
 {
  "w": "Australia",
  "uk": "/ɒˈstreɪliə/",
  "us": "/ɔːˈstreɪljə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "澳大利亚",
    "en": "a country occupying a continent between the Indian and Pacific Oceans"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin moved to Australia to study marine biology.",
    "zh": "我的表亲搬到澳大利亚学习海洋生物学。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Australia attracts international students through its universities, diverse cities, and opportunities to study in English.",
    "zh": "澳大利亚凭借其大学、多元化城市以及英语授课的学习机会吸引国际学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "travel to Australia｜去澳大利亚旅行",
   "study in Australia｜在澳大利亚留学",
   "mainland Australia｜澳大利亚大陆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Australian (adj.)",
   "Australian (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "Australia指澳大利亚；Austria才是奥地利。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "australia"
 },
 {
  "w": "ready",
  "uk": "/ˈredi/",
  "us": "/ˈredi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "准备好的；可用的",
    "en": "Prepared or available for use or action."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "愿意的",
    "en": "Willing to do something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "即将做某事的",
    "en": "About to do something very soon."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dinner is ready, so please bring your plate.",
    "zh": "晚饭好了，请把你的盘子拿来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools must ensure that students are ready to meet the demands of a rapidly changing workplace.",
    "zh": "学校必须确保学生做好准备，以应对快速变化的职场需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ready for｜为……做好准备",
   "ready to use｜可直接使用",
   "get ready｜做好准备",
   "ready and willing｜乐意且准备好"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "readiness (n.)",
   "readily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "prepared",
   "willing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unprepared"
  ],
  "tip": "ready for后接名词；ready to后接动词原形。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ready"
 },
 {
  "w": "idea",
  "uk": "/aɪˈdɪə/",
  "us": "/aɪˈdiːə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "主意；想法",
    "en": "A thought or suggestion about what to do."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "概念；观念",
    "en": "A mental understanding or belief about something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "了解；印象",
    "en": "Some knowledge or understanding of a situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your idea of growing herbs on the balcony sounds lovely.",
    "zh": "你在阳台上种香草的主意听起来很棒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The idea of free public transport attracts support, but its financial implications require careful consideration.",
    "zh": "免费公共交通这一想法获得了支持，但其财政影响需要慎重考虑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "come up with an idea｜想出一个主意",
   "a good idea｜好主意",
   "have no idea｜完全不知道",
   "a rough idea｜大致了解"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "thought",
   "notion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "idea是可数名词；“不知道”可说have no idea。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "idea"
 },
 {
  "w": "draw",
  "uk": "/drɔː/",
  "us": "/drɔː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "画；绘制",
    "en": "Make a picture using a pencil, pen, or similar tool."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拉；拖",
    "en": "Move something by pulling it in a particular direction."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吸引；引起",
    "en": "Attract people, interest, or attention to something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She drew a sleeping cat in her sketchbook.",
    "zh": "她在素描本上画了一只熟睡的猫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Free cultural events can draw more visitors to museums and encourage wider participation in the arts.",
    "zh": "免费文化活动可以吸引更多人参观博物馆，并鼓励公众更广泛地参与艺术活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "draw a picture｜画画",
   "draw attention to｜使人关注",
   "draw a conclusion｜得出结论",
   "draw the curtains｜拉窗帘"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drawing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sketch",
   "pull",
   "attract"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式drew，过去分词drawn；另可指平局。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "draw"
 },
 {
  "w": "down",
  "uk": "/daʊn/",
  "us": "/daʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向下；在下面",
    "en": "Towards or in a lower place or position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "沿着；向下",
    "en": "Along something, or from a higher to a lower point."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "情绪低落的",
    "en": "Feeling unhappy or discouraged."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cat jumped down from the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "猫从厨房的桌子上跳了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As housing costs go up, the amount young adults can save often goes down.",
    "zh": "随着住房成本上涨，年轻人能存下的钱往往会减少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sit down｜坐下",
   "go down｜下降",
   "down the street｜沿着街道",
   "feel down｜情绪低落"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "downward (adj.)",
   "downwards (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "up"
  ],
  "tip": "down后接名词可作介词；feel down表示心情低落。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "down"
 },
 {
  "w": "machine",
  "uk": "/məˈʃiːn/",
  "us": "/məˈʃiːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "机器；机械装置",
    "en": "A device with moving parts that performs a particular job."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用机器加工",
    "en": "To shape or finish material using a machine."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The washing machine shook loudly during its final spin.",
    "zh": "洗衣机在最后脱水时剧烈晃动，声音很大。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A modern machine can perform repetitive tasks efficiently, allowing workers to focus on more complex problems.",
    "zh": "现代机器能高效完成重复性任务，让工人专注于更复杂的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "washing machine｜洗衣机",
   "operate a machine｜操作机器",
   "machine learning｜机器学习",
   "machine parts｜机器零件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "machinery (n.)",
   "machinist (n.)",
   "machining (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "machine是可数名词；machinery是不可数集合名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "machine"
 },
 {
  "w": "get",
  "uk": "/ɡet/",
  "us": "/ɡet/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "获得；收到",
    "en": "To obtain or receive something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变得",
    "en": "To become a particular way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "到达",
    "en": "To arrive at a place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I got a warm scarf for my birthday.",
    "zh": "我生日时收到了一条暖和的围巾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students from low-income families may struggle to get the financial support they need to complete university courses.",
    "zh": "低收入家庭的学生可能难以获得完成大学课程所需的经济支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get a job｜找到工作",
   "get better｜好转",
   "get to school｜到达学校",
   "get permission｜获得许可"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "obtain",
   "receive",
   "become"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式got；美式过去分词也用gotten。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "get"
 },
 {
  "w": "but",
  "uk": "/bʌt/",
  "us": "/bʌt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "但是；而是",
    "en": "Used to connect contrasting ideas or correct an earlier statement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "除……以外",
    "en": "Except for someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bag looks small, but it holds everything I need.",
    "zh": "这个包看起来小，却装得下我需要的所有东西。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport can reduce traffic congestion, but services must be reliable enough to attract regular users.",
    "zh": "公共交通能缓解交通拥堵，但服务必须足够可靠，才能吸引经常乘坐的乘客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "not only ... but also ...｜不仅……而且……",
   "not ... but ...｜不是……而是……",
   "anything but｜绝非",
   "nothing but｜只有；仅仅"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "although与but通常不在同一句中成对使用。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "but"
 },
 {
  "w": "red",
  "uk": "/red/",
  "us": "/red/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "红色的",
    "en": "having the colour of ripe tomatoes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "红色",
    "en": "the colour of ripe tomatoes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wore a red coat to the winter market.",
    "zh": "她穿着一件红色外套去了冬季集市。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Designers often use red to draw attention to important warnings on machinery and in public spaces.",
    "zh": "设计师常用红色来突出机器上及公共场所中的重要警示。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bright red｜鲜红色",
   "turn red｜变红；脸红",
   "in the red｜负债；亏损"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reddish (adj.)",
   "redden (v.)",
   "redness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in the red表示负债或亏损，不是字面上的红色。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "red"
 },
 {
  "w": "conversation",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "交谈；谈话",
    "en": "A talk in which people exchange ideas, feelings, or information."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had a friendly conversation while waiting for the bus.",
    "zh": "等公交车时，我们友好地聊了一会儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular conversation with fluent speakers helps language learners develop confidence and improve their listening skills.",
    "zh": "经常与语言流利的人交谈有助于语言学习者建立信心并提高听力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have a conversation｜交谈",
   "start a conversation｜开始交谈",
   "a conversation about｜关于……的谈话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "converse (v.)",
   "conversational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "chat",
   "talk"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与某人谈某事：have a conversation with某人about某事。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conversation"
 },
 {
  "w": "dinner",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪnə/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "正餐；晚餐",
    "en": "The main meal of the day, usually eaten in the evening."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "正式宴会",
    "en": "A formal social occasion at which people eat a meal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dinner is ready, so please bring the plates.",
    "zh": "晚饭做好了，请把盘子拿来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sharing dinner regularly can strengthen family relationships by giving everyone an opportunity to discuss their daily experiences.",
    "zh": "经常共进晚餐能让每个人有机会交流日常经历，从而增进家庭关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have dinner｜吃正餐",
   "cook dinner｜做晚饭",
   "a formal dinner｜正式宴会"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "日常说 have dinner，不加冠词；正式宴会可说 a dinner。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dinner"
 },
 {
  "w": "bring",
  "uk": "/brɪŋ/",
  "us": "/brɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "带来；拿来",
    "en": "to carry someone or something to a place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "引起；带来",
    "en": "to cause a situation, feeling, or result"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please bring a warm coat when you visit.",
    "zh": "你来时请带一件暖和的外套。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved public transport can bring significant benefits to residents who cannot afford their own cars.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通能为买不起私家车的居民带来显著益处。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bring someone something｜给某人带来某物",
   "bring about change｜促成改变",
   "bring good luck｜带来好运"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "take"
  ],
  "tip": "bring强调带到说话者或指定地点；过去式brought。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bring"
 },
 {
  "w": "reason",
  "uk": "/ˈriːzən/",
  "us": "/ˈriːzən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "原因；理由",
    "en": "Something that explains why something happens or someone acts."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "理性；推理能力",
    "en": "The ability to think logically and make sensible judgments."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推理；推断",
    "en": "To think logically in order to reach a conclusion."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The heavy rain was the reason we stayed home.",
    "zh": "大雨是我们待在家里的原因。"
   },
   {
    "en": "One reason for rising urban rents is that housing supply has failed to keep pace with population growth.",
    "zh": "城市租金上涨的一个原因是住房供应未能跟上人口增长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reason for｜……的原因",
   "a valid reason｜充分的理由",
   "reason with someone｜和某人讲道理",
   "within reason｜在合理范围内"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reasonable (adj.)",
   "reasonably (adv.)",
   "reasoning (n.)",
   "unreasonable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用reason for加名词，或reason why加从句。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reason"
 },
 {
  "w": "Asia",
  "uk": "/ˈeɪʒə/",
  "us": "/ˈeɪʒə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "亚洲",
    "en": "The world's largest continent, lying mainly east of Europe."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin spent three months travelling around Asia.",
    "zh": "我表亲花了三个月在亚洲各地旅行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid urban growth in Asia has increased the need for affordable housing and reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "亚洲城市的快速发展增加了对可负担住房和可靠公共交通的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "East Asia｜东亚",
   "Southeast Asia｜东南亚",
   "Central Asia｜中亚",
   "across Asia｜遍及亚洲"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Asian (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "洲名首字母大写，通常不加the；形容词为Asian。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "asia"
 },
 {
  "w": "colour",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌlə/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌlər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "颜色；色彩",
    "en": "The appearance of something as red, blue, green, and so on."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……涂色；染色",
    "en": "To give something a colour using pencils, paint, or dye."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "What colour should we paint the kitchen walls?",
    "zh": "我们该把厨房的墙刷成什么颜色？"
   },
   {
    "en": "The colour of classroom walls may influence students' moods and their ability to concentrate.",
    "zh": "教室墙壁的颜色可能影响学生的情绪和专注能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bright colours｜鲜艳的颜色",
   "colour scheme｜配色方案",
   "colour in a picture｜给图画涂色",
   "change colour｜变色"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "colourful (adj.)",
   "colourless (adj.)",
   "colouring (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hue",
   "shade"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写为colour，美式为color。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "colour"
 },
 {
  "w": "eye",
  "uk": "/aɪ/",
  "us": "/aɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "眼睛",
    "en": "one of the two body parts used for seeing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "眼光；鉴赏力",
    "en": "an ability to notice or judge particular qualities"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "注视；打量",
    "en": "to look at someone or something with particular interest"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She closed her eyes and listened to the rain.",
    "zh": "她闭上眼睛，听着雨声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Designers need an eye for detail to create public spaces that are both attractive and accessible.",
    "zh": "设计师需要善于观察细节，才能打造既美观又便于所有人使用的公共空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "eye contact｜目光接触",
   "keep an eye on｜留意；照看",
   "an eye for detail｜对细节的敏锐观察力",
   "catch someone's eye｜引起某人的注意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eyebrow (n.)",
   "eyelid (n.)",
   "eyesight (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "an eye for表示鉴赏力；keep an eye on表示照看。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eye"
 },
 {
  "w": "afternoon",
  "uk": "/ˌɑːftəˈnuːn/",
  "us": "/ˌæftɚˈnuːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "下午",
    "en": "The time between midday and evening."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent the afternoon baking bread in the kitchen.",
    "zh": "我们整个下午都在厨房里烤面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools could offer afternoon sports sessions to help students develop healthier habits and stronger friendships.",
    "zh": "学校可以在下午安排体育活动，帮助学生养成更健康的习惯并增进友谊。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the afternoon｜在下午",
   "this afternoon｜今天下午",
   "late afternoon｜下午较晚的时候"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指下午用in；具体某天下午用on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "afternoon"
 },
 {
  "w": "T-shirt",
  "uk": "/ˈtiː ʃɜːt/",
  "us": "/ˈtiː ʃɝːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "T恤衫",
    "en": "A casual shirt, usually with short sleeves and no collar."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I packed a clean T-shirt for the picnic.",
    "zh": "我为野餐带了一件干净的T恤衫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing a durable cotton T-shirt instead of disposable fashion can reduce waste and encourage more responsible consumption.",
    "zh": "选择耐穿的棉质T恤衫而非一次性时尚服饰，可以减少浪费并促进更负责任的消费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cotton T-shirt｜棉质T恤衫",
   "plain T-shirt｜纯色T恤衫",
   "wear a T-shirt｜穿T恤衫"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，复数为 T-shirts，保留连字符。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "t-shirt"
 },
 {
  "w": "end",
  "uk": "/end/",
  "us": "/end/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结束；末尾；尽头",
    "en": "the final part or furthest point of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "结束；终止",
    "en": "to stop, or cause something to stop"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "目的；目标",
    "en": "a purpose that someone wants to achieve"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There's a small bakery at the end of our street.",
    "zh": "我们这条街的尽头有一家小面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should aim to end extreme poverty by improving access to education and secure employment.",
    "zh": "政府应通过改善教育机会和稳定就业的可及性，努力消除极端贫困。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at the end of｜在……末尾",
   "come to an end｜结束",
   "put an end to｜终止",
   "a means to an end｜达到目的的手段"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ending (n.)",
   "endless (adj.)",
   "endlessly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "beginning",
   "begin"
  ],
  "tip": "at the end指末尾；in the end指最终。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "end"
 },
 {
  "w": "delicious",
  "uk": "/dɪˈlɪʃəs/",
  "us": "/dɪˈlɪʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "美味的；可口的",
    "en": "Having a very pleasant taste."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This delicious vegetable pie is still warm from the oven.",
    "zh": "这份美味的蔬菜派刚出炉，还热乎着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School meals should be both nutritious and delicious to encourage children to develop healthier eating habits.",
    "zh": "学校餐食应兼顾营养与美味，以鼓励儿童养成更健康的饮食习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "delicious meal｜美味的一餐",
   "delicious food｜美味的食物",
   "absolutely delicious｜美味极了"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deliciously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tasty",
   "flavourful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unpalatable"
  ],
  "tip": "delicious本身语气较强，常用absolutely加强。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "delicious"
 },
 {
  "w": "fill",
  "uk": "/fɪl/",
  "us": "/fɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "装满；充满",
    "en": "Make or become full"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "填补；满足",
    "en": "Occupy an empty position or meet a particular need"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please fill the jug with water for our guests.",
    "zh": "请把水壶装满水，给客人们喝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local training programmes can help fill vacancies in essential services such as healthcare and education.",
    "zh": "地方培训项目可以帮助填补医疗和教育等基本服务领域的职位空缺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fill with water｜装满水",
   "fill in a form｜填写表格",
   "fill a gap｜填补空缺",
   "fill a vacancy｜填补职位空缺"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "filling (n.)",
   "filling (adj.)",
   "refill (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "empty"
  ],
  "tip": "fill A with B表示用B装满A；be filled with表示充满。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fill"
 },
 {
  "w": "become",
  "uk": "/bɪˈkʌm/",
  "us": "/bɪˈkʌm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变得；成为",
    "en": "to start to be something or develop a particular quality"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The streets become quiet after the shops close.",
    "zh": "商店关门后，街道变得安静起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport must become more reliable and affordable if cities want residents to drive less frequently.",
    "zh": "如果城市希望居民减少开车，公共交通就必须变得更可靠、更实惠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "become aware of｜开始意识到",
   "become increasingly important｜变得日益重要",
   "become a teacher｜成为教师"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "grow",
   "turn"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "变化形式：become—became—become；后接名词或形容词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "become"
 },
 {
  "w": "up",
  "uk": "/ʌp/",
  "us": "/ʌp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向上；在高处",
    "en": "Towards or in a higher position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "沿……向上；顺着",
    "en": "Towards a higher point or further along something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "醒着的；起床的",
    "en": "Awake and out of bed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The child looked up at the bright red balloon.",
    "zh": "孩子抬头看着那个鲜红的气球。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As housing costs go up, many young adults find it harder to live independently.",
    "zh": "随着住房成本上涨，许多年轻人发现独立生活变得更加困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "look up｜抬头看",
   "go up｜上升；上涨",
   "up the stairs｜沿楼梯向上",
   "be up early｜很早起床"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "down"
  ],
  "tip": "up后接地点名词可作介词，如up the hill。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "up"
 },
 {
  "w": "world",
  "uk": "/wɜːld/",
  "us": "/wɝːld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "世界；地球",
    "en": "The earth and all the people and things on it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领域；界",
    "en": "A particular area of activity and the people involved."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She dreams of travelling around the world by train.",
    "zh": "她梦想乘火车环游世界。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Countries around the world need to cooperate more closely to address climate change and protect shared natural resources.",
    "zh": "世界各国需要更紧密地合作，以应对气候变化并保护共享的自然资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "around the world｜世界各地",
   "the natural world｜自然界",
   "the business world｜商界",
   "world population｜世界人口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "worldwide (adj.)",
   "worldwide (adv.)",
   "worldly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "globe"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指整个世界通常用the world；商界为the business world。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "world"
 },
 {
  "w": "drink",
  "uk": "/drɪŋk/",
  "us": "/drɪŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "喝；饮",
    "en": "to take liquid into your mouth and swallow it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "饮料；一杯饮品",
    "en": "a liquid for swallowing or a serving of it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "喝酒",
    "en": "to consume alcoholic beverages"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I always drink some water after walking the dog.",
    "zh": "我遛完狗总会喝些水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Encouraging children to drink water instead of sugary beverages may improve their dental health over time.",
    "zh": "鼓励儿童喝水而非含糖饮料，长远来看可能改善他们的牙齿健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "drink water｜喝水",
   "a hot drink｜热饮",
   "drinking water｜饮用水",
   "soft drink｜不含酒精的饮料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drinker (n.)",
   "drinkable (adj.)",
   "drinking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "beverage"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不规则变化：drink—drank—drunk。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drink"
 },
 {
  "w": "Mexico",
  "uk": "/ˈmeksɪkəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈmeksɪkoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "墨西哥",
    "en": "A country in North America, south of the United States."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We explored ancient ruins during our holiday in Mexico.",
    "zh": "我们在墨西哥度假期间探访了古代遗址。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourism in Mexico creates employment, but popular coastal destinations also face pressure on water supplies and natural habitats.",
    "zh": "墨西哥的旅游业创造了就业机会，但热门沿海旅游地的供水和自然栖息地也面临压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "visit Mexico｜游览墨西哥",
   "southern Mexico｜墨西哥南部",
   "the coast of Mexico｜墨西哥海岸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Mexican (adj.)",
   "Mexican (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "国名前通常不加the；Mexican指墨西哥的或墨西哥人。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mexico"
 },
 {
  "w": "grey",
  "uk": "/ɡreɪ/",
  "us": "/ɡreɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "灰色的；灰白的",
    "en": "Having a colour between black and white."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灰色",
    "en": "The colour between black and white."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "头发变灰白",
    "en": "Develop grey hair as you get older."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A grey cat was sleeping on the windowsill.",
    "zh": "一只灰猫正在窗台上睡觉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Grey concrete buildings can appear less welcoming than neighbourhoods with colourful homes and abundant green space.",
    "zh": "灰色混凝土建筑可能不如拥有彩色住宅和充足绿地的街区亲切宜人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grey hair｜灰白的头发",
   "grey clouds｜灰色的云",
   "turn grey｜变灰白",
   "a grey area｜模糊地带"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "greyish (adj.)",
   "greyness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "grey为英式拼写，gray为美式拼写。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grey"
 },
 {
  "w": "much",
  "uk": "/mʌtʃ/",
  "us": "/mʌtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "许多；大量",
    "en": "A large amount of something, used with uncountable nouns."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "很多；大量",
    "en": "A large amount, without naming what is being discussed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "很；非常；更为",
    "en": "To a great degree, especially with comparisons and certain verbs."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We do not have much milk left for breakfast.",
    "zh": "我们剩下的早餐牛奶不多了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in preventive healthcare can be much more economical than treating illnesses after they become severe.",
    "zh": "投资预防性医疗可能比在疾病变得严重后再治疗经济得多。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "too much｜太多",
   "much more｜多得多；更为",
   "much better｜好得多",
   "as much as｜与……一样多"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "little"
  ],
  "tip": "修饰不可数名词；可数名词复数用many。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "much"
 },
 {
  "w": "learn",
  "uk": "/lɜːn/",
  "us": "/lɝːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "学习；学会",
    "en": "To gain knowledge or a skill through study or experience."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "得知；获悉",
    "en": "To find out information about something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather is learning to swim at the local pool.",
    "zh": "我爷爷正在附近的游泳池学游泳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students often learn more effectively when they apply new knowledge to practical problems rather than memorise isolated facts.",
    "zh": "与死记零散知识相比，学生将新知识用于实际问题时，往往学得更有效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "learn to drive｜学开车",
   "learn from mistakes｜从错误中学习",
   "learn by heart｜背熟",
   "learn about｜了解"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "learner (n.)",
   "learning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "learn to do表示学会做；过去式可用learnt或learned。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "learn"
 },
 {
  "w": "south",
  "uk": "/saʊθ/",
  "us": "/saʊθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "南；南方",
    "en": "the direction opposite north"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "南部的；朝南的",
    "en": "in, towards, or facing the south"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向南；在南方",
    "en": "towards or in the south"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our balcony faces south and gets plenty of sunshine.",
    "zh": "我们的阳台朝南，阳光很充足。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many families move to the south because its warmer climate allows more outdoor activities throughout the year.",
    "zh": "许多家庭搬到南方，因为那里气候更温暖，全年都能进行更多户外活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the south｜在南方",
   "head south｜向南走",
   "south coast｜南部海岸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "southern (adj.)",
   "southward (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "north"
  ],
  "tip": "南部用in the south；向南用go south，不加to。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "south"
 },
 {
  "w": "can",
  "uk": "/kæn/",
  "us": "/kæn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "能；可以；可能",
    "en": "Used to express ability, permission, or possibility."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金属罐；罐头",
    "en": "A metal container for food, drinks, or other substances."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "将食品装罐保存",
    "en": "To preserve food by sealing it in cans."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I can carry both bags if you open the door.",
    "zh": "你要是把门打开，我就能把两个袋子都提进去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to reliable internet can help rural students benefit from a wider range of educational resources.",
    "zh": "稳定的互联网接入能帮助农村学生利用更丰富的教育资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "can afford｜负担得起",
   "can of soup｜一罐汤",
   "canned food｜罐装食品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "canning (n.)",
   "canned (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作情态动词后接动词原形，第三人称不加s。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "can"
 },
 {
  "w": "hey",
  "uk": "/heɪ/",
  "us": "/heɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "int.",
    "zh": "嘿；喂；嗨",
    "en": "Used informally to greet someone or attract their attention."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Hey, you left your umbrella beside the door!",
    "zh": "喂，你把伞落在门边了！"
   },
   {
    "en": "Informal greetings such as hey may be inappropriate when students first contact university staff by email.",
    "zh": "学生初次通过电子邮件联系大学教职员工时，使用hey这类非正式问候语可能不太合适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hey there｜嗨，你好",
   "hey everyone｜嗨，大家好"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "hi",
   "hello"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "适合熟人间打招呼；正式邮件避免使用。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hey"
 },
 {
  "w": "cola",
  "uk": "/ˈkəʊlə/",
  "us": "/ˈkoʊlə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可乐",
    "en": "A sweet, dark, fizzy drink, usually containing caffeine."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He poured cold cola into a glass with ice.",
    "zh": "他把冰可乐倒进一个放了冰块的玻璃杯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing the consumption of sugary drinks such as cola may help prevent tooth decay in children.",
    "zh": "减少可乐等含糖饮料的摄入，可能有助于预防儿童龋齿。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a can of cola｜一罐可乐",
   "diet cola｜低热量可乐",
   "sugar-free cola｜无糖可乐"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指饮料时不可数；a cola可指一杯或一份可乐。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cola"
 },
 {
  "w": "shower",
  "uk": "/ˈʃaʊə/",
  "us": "/ˈʃaʊər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "淋浴；淋浴器",
    "en": "Washing under falling water, or the equipment used for this"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阵雨",
    "en": "A short period of rain"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "淋浴",
    "en": "Wash your body under water falling from a shower"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I always take a warm shower after cycling home.",
    "zh": "我骑车回家后总会洗个温水澡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Taking shorter showers is a simple way for households to reduce both water consumption and energy use.",
    "zh": "缩短淋浴时间是家庭减少用水和能源消耗的一种简单方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a shower｜洗淋浴",
   "have a shower｜洗淋浴",
   "heavy showers｜强阵雨",
   "a shower head｜淋浴喷头"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "洗淋浴可用take或have a shower；阵雨也叫shower。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shower"
 },
 {
  "w": "tree",
  "uk": "/triː/",
  "us": "/triː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "树；树木",
    "en": "A tall plant with a wooden trunk and branches."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small bird built its nest in our tree.",
    "zh": "一只小鸟在我们家的树上筑了巢。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting trees in urban areas provides shade, improves air quality, and creates valuable habitats for wildlife.",
    "zh": "在城市地区植树能提供树荫、改善空气质量，并为野生动物创造宝贵的栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plant a tree｜种树",
   "climb a tree｜爬树",
   "tree trunk｜树干",
   "family tree｜家谱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tree是树；wood可指木材，woods通常指树林。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tree"
 },
 {
  "w": "build",
  "uk": "/bɪld/",
  "us": "/bɪld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "建造；建立",
    "en": "to make structures or develop something over time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体形；体格",
    "en": "the size and shape of a person's body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We built a small wooden shelter in the garden.",
    "zh": "我们在花园里搭了一个小木棚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should build more affordable homes near public transport to support families on low incomes.",
    "zh": "地方政府应在公共交通设施附近建造更多经济适用住房，以帮助低收入家庭。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "build a house｜建造房屋",
   "build confidence｜建立信心",
   "build relationships｜建立关系",
   "a slim build｜苗条的体形"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "builder (n.)",
   "building (n.)",
   "rebuild (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "construct"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "demolish"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为built；体格可用build。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "build"
 },
 {
  "w": "man",
  "uk": "/mæn/",
  "us": "/mæn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成年男子；男人",
    "en": "An adult male human"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人类",
    "en": "Human beings considered collectively"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为…配备人员；值守",
    "en": "To provide people to operate or guard something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A man in a blue coat held the door open.",
    "zh": "一位穿蓝色外套的男子扶着门，让别人通过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Additional volunteers are needed to man information desks during the city's annual cultural festival.",
    "zh": "该市举办一年一度的文化节期间，需要更多志愿者在咨询台值守。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "young man｜年轻男子",
   "man a desk｜在服务台值守",
   "man a checkpoint｜在检查站执勤"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "manhood (n.)",
   "manned (adj.)",
   "unmanned (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "woman"
  ],
  "tip": "复数为men；泛指人类时现代写作更常用humankind。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "man"
 },
 {
  "w": "early",
  "uk": "/ˈɜːli/",
  "us": "/ˈɝːli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "早期的；较早的",
    "en": "Near the beginning of a period or before the usual time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "提前；在早期",
    "en": "Before the expected time or near the beginning"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We caught an early train and arrived before breakfast.",
    "zh": "我们赶上了一班早车，在早餐前就到了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early investment in childhood education can reduce inequality and improve employment prospects later in life.",
    "zh": "及早投资幼儿教育可以减少不平等，并改善孩子成年后的就业前景。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "early childhood｜幼儿期",
   "early stages｜早期阶段",
   "arrive early｜提前到达",
   "early detection｜早期发现"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "earlier (adv.)",
   "earliest (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "late"
  ],
  "tip": "early兼作形容词和副词，不加-ly。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "early"
 },
 {
  "w": "these",
  "uk": "/ðiːz/",
  "us": "/ðiːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "这些",
    "en": "Used before plural nouns for nearby people or things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "这些人；这些事物",
    "en": "Nearby people or things, or ones just mentioned."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These strawberries smell lovely, so let's buy a basket.",
    "zh": "这些草莓闻起来很香，我们买一篮吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "These findings suggest that regular outdoor activities can improve children's concentration and emotional health.",
    "zh": "这些研究结果表明，经常参加户外活动可以改善儿童的注意力和情绪健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "these days｜如今",
   "these things｜这些事物",
   "in these circumstances｜在这些情况下"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "this (det.)",
   "this (pron.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "those"
  ],
  "tip": "these是this的复数，后接复数名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "these"
 },
 {
  "w": "favourite",
  "uk": "/ˈfeɪvərɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈfeɪvərɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最喜欢的",
    "en": "liked more than any other of the same kind"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "最喜爱的人或物",
    "en": "a person or thing someone likes best"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "最有望获胜者",
    "en": "the competitor considered most likely to win"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This little bakery sells my favourite kind of bread.",
    "zh": "这家小面包店卖我最喜欢的那种面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries allow readers to discover new authors as well as revisit their favourite books without additional cost.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆让读者无需额外花费，既能发现新作家，也能重读自己最喜爱的书。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "favourite subject｜最喜欢的科目",
   "a firm favourite｜一直备受喜爱的人或物",
   "the favourite to win｜夺冠热门"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "favour (v.)",
   "favouritism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "preferred"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "least favourite"
  ],
  "tip": "英式拼写favourite，美式favorite；一般不用most修饰。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "favourite"
 },
 {
  "w": "adult",
  "uk": "/ˈædʌlt/",
  "us": "/əˈdʌlt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成年人；成年动物",
    "en": "A person or animal that has finished growing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "成年的；成年人的",
    "en": "Fully grown, or relating to grown people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Children must visit the swimming pool with an adult.",
    "zh": "儿童必须由成年人陪同前往游泳池。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Adult education programmes help people gain new qualifications and adapt to changes in the labour market.",
    "zh": "成人教育项目帮助人们获得新的资格，并适应劳动力市场的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "young adult｜年轻成年人",
   "adult education｜成人教育",
   "adult life｜成年生活",
   "responsible adult｜负责任的成年人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adulthood (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grown-up"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "child"
  ],
  "tip": "既可作可数名词，也可作形容词，如adult education。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adult"
 },
 {
  "w": "clock",
  "uk": "/klɒk/",
  "us": "/klɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "时钟",
    "en": "a device that shows the time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "测定速度；记录用时",
    "en": "to measure or record the time or speed of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen clock stopped while we were making lunch.",
    "zh": "我们做午饭时，厨房的时钟停了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working arrangements allow employees to work when they are most productive, rather than watching the clock.",
    "zh": "弹性工作安排让员工在效率最高时工作，而不是盯着时钟等下班。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "alarm clock｜闹钟",
   "around the clock｜日夜不停地",
   "clock in｜打卡上班",
   "watch the clock｜盯着时间等下班"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clockwise (adv.)",
   "anticlockwise (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "clock通常指钟；戴在手腕上的表叫watch。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clock"
 },
 {
  "w": "downstairs",
  "uk": "/ˌdaʊnˈsteəz/",
  "us": "/ˌdaʊnˈsterz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在楼下；往楼下",
    "en": "On or towards a lower floor of a building"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "楼下的",
    "en": "Located on a lower floor of a building"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I went downstairs when I smelled fresh bread.",
    "zh": "闻到新鲜面包的香味后，我下了楼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing a downstairs bedroom can help older residents remain independent in their own homes.",
    "zh": "在楼下设置卧室可以帮助老年住户在自己家中保持独立生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go downstairs｜下楼",
   "downstairs bathroom｜楼下的浴室",
   "downstairs neighbour｜楼下的邻居"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "upstairs (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "upstairs"
  ],
  "tip": "作副词时直接说go downstairs，不加to。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "downstairs"
 },
 {
  "w": "information",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "信息；资料",
    "en": "Facts or details about someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The receptionist gave us useful information about local buses.",
    "zh": "接待员向我们提供了有关当地公交车的实用信息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to reliable information enables patients to make better decisions about their treatment and long-term health.",
    "zh": "获取可靠信息能帮助患者就治疗和长期健康作出更好的决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reliable information｜可靠信息",
   "access to information｜信息获取渠道",
   "provide information｜提供信息",
   "a piece of information｜一条信息"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inform (v.)",
   "informative (adj.)",
   "informed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "details",
   "facts"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数：说some information，不说an information。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "information"
 },
 {
  "w": "blackboard",
  "uk": "/ˈblækbɔːd/",
  "us": "/ˈblækbɔːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "黑板",
    "en": "A dark classroom board used for writing or drawing with chalk."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher drew a huge circle on the blackboard.",
    "zh": "老师在黑板上画了一个大圆圈。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although digital screens offer interactive features, a traditional blackboard remains an affordable teaching tool for many schools.",
    "zh": "尽管电子屏幕具有互动功能，传统黑板仍是许多学校负担得起的教学工具。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write on the blackboard｜在黑板上书写",
   "clean the blackboard｜擦黑板",
   "blackboard eraser｜黑板擦"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "chalkboard"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "在黑板上用on the blackboard；配合粉笔使用。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blackboard"
 },
 {
  "w": "party",
  "uk": "/ˈpɑːti/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːrti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "聚会；派对",
    "en": "A social gathering where people celebrate or enjoy themselves."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "政党",
    "en": "An organised group seeking political power through shared policies."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一方；当事人",
    "en": "A person or group involved in an agreement or dispute."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We held a small party in the garden yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们在花园里办了一场小聚会。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each political party should explain how its education policies will benefit students from disadvantaged backgrounds.",
    "zh": "每个政党都应说明其教育政策将如何惠及弱势背景的学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a birthday party｜生日聚会",
   "a political party｜政党",
   "a third party｜第三方",
   "throw a party｜举办派对"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "partygoer (n.)",
   "partying (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "合同中的party指当事方，不是聚会或政党。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "party"
 },
 {
  "w": "meal",
  "uk": "/miːl/",
  "us": "/miːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一餐；一顿饭",
    "en": "An occasion when you eat, or the food eaten then."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dad cooked a warm meal after our long walk.",
    "zh": "我们长途步行回来后，爸爸做了一顿热乎乎的饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing healthy school meals can improve children's concentration and support their physical development.",
    "zh": "提供健康的学校餐食能提高儿童的专注力，并促进他们的身体发育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "balanced meal｜营养均衡的一餐",
   "prepare a meal｜准备饭菜",
   "skip a meal｜不吃一顿饭",
   "main meal｜正餐"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "meal指一顿饭；food泛指食物，通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meal"
 },
 {
  "w": "chair",
  "uk": "/tʃeə/",
  "us": "/tʃer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "椅子",
    "en": "a seat for one person, usually with a back"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "会议主席；负责人",
    "en": "the person responsible for leading a meeting or committee"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "主持会议",
    "en": "to lead a meeting and manage its discussion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She pulled a chair closer to the window.",
    "zh": "她把一把椅子拉到离窗户更近的地方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An independent expert should chair the meeting to ensure that all participants can contribute fairly.",
    "zh": "应由一位独立专家主持会议，确保所有参与者都能公平地发表意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "office chair｜办公椅",
   "committee chair｜委员会主席",
   "chair a meeting｜主持会议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chairperson (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "chair作动词直接接meeting，表示主持会议。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chair"
 },
 {
  "w": "never",
  "uk": "/ˈnevə/",
  "us": "/ˈnevər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "从不；从未",
    "en": "Not at any time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "决不",
    "en": "Certainly not, used to express strong refusal or intention."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I never leave home without my water bottle.",
    "zh": "我出门从来都带着水瓶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport can never fully replace walking and cycling as accessible forms of daily exercise.",
    "zh": "作为方便易行的日常运动方式，步行和骑行永远无法被公共交通完全取代。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "never again｜再也不",
   "almost never｜几乎从不",
   "never before｜以前从未"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "always"
  ],
  "tip": "通常放在实义动词前，be动词或助动词后。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "never"
 },
 {
  "w": "middle",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪdəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪdəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "中间；中部",
    "en": "The central part, point, or position of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "中间的；居中的",
    "en": "Located between other things or between the beginning and end"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Someone left a suitcase in the middle of the hallway.",
    "zh": "有人把一个行李箱放在了走廊正中央。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Housing costs often force essential workers to live far from the middle of the cities they serve.",
    "zh": "住房成本常常迫使提供必要服务的工作者住在远离其服务城市中心的地方。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the middle of｜在……中间",
   "middle age｜中年",
   "middle class｜中产阶级",
   "middle ground｜折中立场"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "centre",
   "central"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词常用the middle of；形容词直接修饰名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "middle"
 },
 {
  "w": "cool",
  "uk": "/kuːl/",
  "us": "/kuːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "凉的；凉爽的",
    "en": "slightly cold, often in a pleasant way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冷静的；沉着的",
    "en": "calm and able to think clearly under pressure"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变凉；使冷却",
    "en": "to become or make something less hot"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A cool breeze drifted through the open kitchen window.",
    "zh": "一阵凉爽的微风从敞开的厨房窗户吹了进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting more trees can help cool urban areas and reduce energy demand during summer.",
    "zh": "种植更多树木有助于为城市地区降温，并减少夏季的能源需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cool breeze｜凉爽的微风",
   "keep cool｜保持冷静",
   "cool down｜冷却；平静下来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coolness (n.)",
   "coolly (adv.)",
   "cooling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "chilly",
   "calm"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "warm"
  ],
  "tip": "cool 比 cold 温和；口语中还可表示“很酷的”。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cool"
 },
 {
  "w": "September",
  "uk": "/sepˈtembə/",
  "us": "/sepˈtembər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "九月",
    "en": "The month after August and before October."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our evening photography course starts in September this year.",
    "zh": "我们今年的摄影夜课九月开课。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In many countries, the academic year begins in September, creating seasonal demand for student accommodation near universities.",
    "zh": "许多国家的学年在九月开始，使大学附近的学生住宿出现季节性需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in September｜在九月",
   "early September｜九月初",
   "late September｜九月下旬"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "月份首字母大写；用 in September，但 next September 前不加 in。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "september"
 },
 {
  "w": "easy",
  "uk": "/ˈiːzi/",
  "us": "/ˈiːzi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "容易的；不费力的",
    "en": "Not difficult and requiring little effort."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "轻松的；自在的",
    "en": "Relaxed and free from worry or pressure."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This soup is easy to make with fresh vegetables.",
    "zh": "用新鲜蔬菜做这道汤很容易。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing easy access to reliable health information can help people make better decisions about their lifestyles.",
    "zh": "让人们方便地获取可靠的健康信息，有助于他们作出更好的生活方式选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "easy to use｜易于使用",
   "easy access to｜便于获取或到达……",
   "take it easy｜放轻松",
   "easy life｜安逸的生活"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "easily (adv.)",
   "ease (n.)",
   "ease (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "simple",
   "straightforward"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "difficult",
   "hard"
  ],
  "tip": "常用easy to do；修饰动作通常用easily。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "easy"
 },
 {
  "w": "thing",
  "uk": "/θɪŋ/",
  "us": "/θɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "东西；物品",
    "en": "an object whose name is unknown or not specified"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "事情；情况",
    "en": "an action, event, fact, or situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "个人物品",
    "en": "possessions or equipment, usually referred to in the plural"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you move that heavy thing off my chair?",
    "zh": "你能把那个沉东西从我的椅子上搬走吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "One important thing governments can do is ensure that affordable housing is available near public transport.",
    "zh": "政府可以做的一件重要事情，是确保公共交通附近有可负担的住房。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the right thing to do｜正确的做法",
   "personal things｜个人物品",
   "first thing in the morning｜早晨第一件事",
   "one thing at a time｜一次一件事"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "thing很笼统；正式写作尽量换成具体名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thing"
 },
 {
  "w": "mouth",
  "uk": "/maʊθ/ (n.); /maʊð/ (v.)",
  "us": "/maʊθ/ (n.); /maʊð/ (v.)",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "嘴；口腔",
    "en": "the opening in your face used for eating and speaking"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "河口；入口",
    "en": "the opening of a cave or where a river meets the sea"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用口形无声地说",
    "en": "to form words with your lips without making a sound"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dentist asked me to open my mouth wider.",
    "zh": "牙医让我把嘴张大一点。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wetlands near the mouth of a river provide valuable habitats and help protect coastal communities from flooding.",
    "zh": "河口附近的湿地提供了宝贵的栖息地，也有助于保护沿海社区免遭洪灾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "open your mouth｜张嘴",
   "the mouth of a river｜河口",
   "word of mouth｜口口相传"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mouthful (n.)",
   "mouthwash (n.)",
   "mouthpiece (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词末音为/θ/；动词末音为/ð/。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mouth"
 },
 {
  "w": "study",
  "uk": "/ˈstʌdi/",
  "us": "/ˈstʌdi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "学习；研究",
    "en": "Spend time learning about or carefully examining a subject."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学习；研究",
    "en": "The activity of learning, or an investigation of a subject."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "书房",
    "en": "A room used for reading, writing, or working."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I study English on the bus every morning.",
    "zh": "我每天早上在公交车上学英语。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A recent study suggests that regular exercise can improve students' concentration during classroom activities.",
    "zh": "最近一项研究表明，经常锻炼能提高学生在课堂活动中的专注力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study abroad｜出国留学",
   "a recent study｜最近的一项研究",
   "study for an exam｜为考试学习"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "student (n.)",
   "studious (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "study强调学习过程，learn常强调学会或获得知识。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "study"
 },
 {
  "w": "anything",
  "uk": "/ˈeniθɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈeniθɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "任何事物",
    "en": "Any thing at all, without limits on choice"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "某事物；什么东西",
    "en": "Something, used especially in questions and conditional statements"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can choose anything from this basket of toys.",
    "zh": "你可以从这篮玩具里随便挑一件。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before introducing new policies, governments should check whether anything similar has worked successfully elsewhere.",
    "zh": "在推行新政策之前，政府应查明其他地方是否有类似的成功做法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "anything else｜其他东西",
   "anything at all｜任何东西",
   "anything but｜绝非"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "nothing"
  ],
  "tip": "疑问句中常指“什么”；陈述句中可指“任何事物”。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anything"
 },
 {
  "w": "player",
  "uk": "/ˈpleɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈpleɪər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运动员；比赛参加者",
    "en": "someone who takes part in a sport or game"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "演奏者",
    "en": "someone who plays a musical instrument"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "播放器",
    "en": "a device or program that plays recorded sound or video"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each player shook hands before the football match began.",
    "zh": "足球比赛开始前，每位球员都握了手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Young players benefit from coaches who value teamwork and personal development rather than winning alone.",
    "zh": "教练若重视团队合作和个人成长，而非一味追求胜利，年轻运动员就能从中受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "football player｜足球运动员",
   "team player｜善于团队合作的人",
   "piano player｜钢琴演奏者",
   "media player｜媒体播放器"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "play (v.)",
   "playful (adj.)",
   "playable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "乐器演奏者可用“乐器名＋player”，如piano player。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "player"
 },
 {
  "w": "forty",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːti/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "四十",
    "en": "the number equal to four times ten"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We waited forty minutes before the bus finally arrived.",
    "zh": "我们等了四十分钟，公交车才终于到。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The survey found that forty percent of local residents preferred cycling to driving for short journeys.",
    "zh": "调查发现，当地百分之四十的居民在短途出行时更愿意骑车而非开车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "forty minutes｜四十分钟",
   "forty percent｜百分之四十",
   "in her forties｜在她四十多岁时"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fortieth (num.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "拼写是forty，不是fourty；四十多岁用in one's forties。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "forty"
 },
 {
  "w": "chocolate",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃɒklət/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃɑːklət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "巧克力",
    "en": "A sweet food made from cocoa, often with milk and sugar."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "巧克力糖",
    "en": "An individual sweet made of chocolate, sometimes with a filling."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He shared a bar of chocolate with his sister.",
    "zh": "他和妹妹分享了一块巧克力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers increasingly expect chocolate producers to ensure fair wages and safe working conditions throughout their supply chains.",
    "zh": "消费者越来越期望巧克力生产商确保整个供应链中的公平工资和安全工作条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dark chocolate｜黑巧克力",
   "milk chocolate｜牛奶巧克力",
   "a bar of chocolate｜一块巧克力",
   "a box of chocolates｜一盒巧克力糖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chocolaty (adj.)",
   "chocolatier (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "食材巧克力不可数；单颗巧克力糖可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chocolate"
 },
 {
  "w": "size",
  "uk": "/saɪz/",
  "us": "/saɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大小；规模",
    "en": "How big or small someone or something is."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尺码；号",
    "en": "A standard measurement used for clothes and other products."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "按大小分类；确定尺寸",
    "en": "To sort by measurements or make something a particular size."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This suitcase is just the right size for weekends.",
    "zh": "这个行李箱的大小正适合周末出行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing class size may allow teachers to provide more individual support to students with learning difficulties.",
    "zh": "缩小班级规模或许能让教师为有学习困难的学生提供更多个别辅导。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "class size｜班级规模",
   "sample size｜样本量",
   "shoe size｜鞋码",
   "in size｜在大小上"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sizable (adj.)",
   "sized (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "问尺码用What size，不用How much size。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "size"
 },
 {
  "w": "small",
  "uk": "/smɔːl/",
  "us": "/smɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "小的；少的",
    "en": "Limited in size, amount, or degree."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "年幼的",
    "en": "Young and not yet fully grown."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不重要的；轻微的",
    "en": "Not very important or serious."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our small kitchen has room for only two chairs.",
    "zh": "我们的小厨房只能放下两把椅子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even small improvements in home insulation can reduce energy consumption and lower household bills.",
    "zh": "即使对住宅保温做出小幅改善，也能减少能源消耗并降低家庭开支。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a small amount of｜少量的",
   "small businesses｜小企业",
   "small children｜幼儿",
   "a small change｜小变化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "smallness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "little"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "large",
   "big"
  ],
  "tip": "数量少可说a small number of，不能说small people。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "small"
 },
 {
  "w": "sport",
  "uk": "/spɔːt/",
  "us": "/spɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体育运动",
    "en": "Physical activities involving skill, effort, and often competition"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "显眼地穿戴；展示",
    "en": "To wear or display something in a noticeable way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Swimming is the only sport my sister really enjoys.",
    "zh": "游泳是我姐姐唯一真正喜欢的运动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular participation in sport can improve physical health and help young people develop teamwork skills.",
    "zh": "经常参加体育运动能改善身体健康，并帮助年轻人培养团队合作能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take part in sport｜参加体育运动",
   "competitive sport｜竞技体育",
   "team sport｜团队运动",
   "sporting event｜体育赛事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sporting (adj.)",
   "sporty (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指体育时英式常用sport，美式常用sports。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sport"
 },
 {
  "w": "exam",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzæm/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzæm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "考试；测验",
    "en": "A formal test of knowledge or ability."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I have a maths exam on Friday morning.",
    "zh": "我周五上午有一场数学考试。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should consider practical skills alongside exam results when assessing students' overall progress.",
    "zh": "学校在评估学生的整体进步时，应将实践技能与考试成绩一并考虑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take an exam｜参加考试",
   "pass an exam｜通过考试",
   "revise for an exam｜复习备考",
   "exam results｜考试成绩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "examination (n.)",
   "examine (v.)",
   "examiner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "examination",
   "test"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "exam是examination的常用缩写；参加考试用take。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exam"
 },
 {
  "w": "cow",
  "uk": "/kaʊ/",
  "us": "/kaʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "母牛；奶牛",
    "en": "an adult female bovine, often kept for milk"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "恐吓；威吓",
    "en": "to frighten someone into obeying or giving up resistance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A brown cow stood quietly beside the farm gate.",
    "zh": "一头棕色母牛静静地站在农场门旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving the diet of dairy cows can increase milk production while supporting animal health.",
    "zh": "改善奶牛的饮食可以在促进动物健康的同时提高产奶量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dairy cow｜奶牛",
   "milk a cow｜给奶牛挤奶",
   "be cowed into silence｜被吓得不敢出声"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cow指成年母牛；cattle统称牛，不能说a cattle。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cow"
 },
 {
  "w": "ball",
  "uk": "/bɔːl/",
  "us": "/bɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "球；球状物",
    "en": "A round object used in games or shaped like one."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "正式舞会",
    "en": "A formal social event where people dance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dog chased the ball across the grass.",
    "zh": "那只狗追着球跑过草地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Simple ball games can help children develop coordination while encouraging cooperation and regular physical activity.",
    "zh": "简单的球类游戏能帮助儿童发展协调能力，同时促进合作和日常体育锻炼。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "throw a ball｜扔球",
   "catch a ball｜接球",
   "a ball of wool｜一团毛线",
   "a charity ball｜慈善舞会"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "球类运动前通常不用冠词，如play football。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ball"
 },
 {
  "w": "picnic",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪknɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪknɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "野餐",
    "en": "a meal eaten outdoors, usually with food brought from home"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "去野餐",
    "en": "to eat a meal outdoors for pleasure"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had a picnic under a shady tree.",
    "zh": "我们在一棵树的荫凉下野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public parks provide affordable spaces where families can enjoy picnics and spend quality time together.",
    "zh": "公共公园提供了花费不高的空间，让家庭享受野餐并共度美好时光。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have a picnic｜野餐",
   "go on a picnic｜去野餐",
   "picnic basket｜野餐篮"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "picnicker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词过去式为picnicked，进行形式为picnicking。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "picnic"
 },
 {
  "w": "begin",
  "uk": "/bɪˈɡɪn/",
  "us": "/bɪˈɡɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开始；着手",
    "en": "to start happening or start doing something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We begin dinner when everyone is sitting at the table.",
    "zh": "大家都在餐桌旁坐好后，我们开始吃晚饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should begin teaching digital safety early so that children develop responsible habits when using the internet.",
    "zh": "学校应尽早开始教授网络安全知识，让孩子养成负责任地使用互联网的习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "begin with｜以……开始",
   "begin to understand｜开始理解",
   "begin a discussion｜开始讨论",
   "to begin with｜首先；起初"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "beginning (n.)",
   "beginner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "start",
   "commence"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "finish",
   "end"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式began，过去分词begun；后接不定式或动名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "begin"
 },
 {
  "w": "enough",
  "uk": "/ɪˈnʌf/",
  "us": "/ɪˈnʌf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "足够的",
    "en": "as much or as many as needed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "足够地",
    "en": "to the degree that is needed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "足够的数量",
    "en": "an amount that meets a need"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We have enough rice to feed everyone tonight.",
    "zh": "我们的米够今晚所有人吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many rural schools lack enough resources to provide students with a broad range of subjects.",
    "zh": "许多农村学校缺乏足够的资源，无法为学生开设广泛的课程。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enough time｜足够的时间",
   "good enough｜足够好",
   "enough to eat｜足够吃的东西"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "sufficient"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "insufficient"
  ],
  "tip": "修饰名词放前面，修饰形容词或副词放后面。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enough"
 },
 {
  "w": "class",
  "uk": "/klɑːs/",
  "us": "/klæs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "班级；课",
    "en": "A group learning together, or a lesson they attend."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "社会阶层；类别",
    "en": "A social group or category sharing particular characteristics."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把…归类",
    "en": "To place someone or something in a particular category."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our class is learning how to grow vegetables.",
    "zh": "我们班正在学习如何种蔬菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Smaller class sizes may allow teachers to give more individual attention to students with learning difficulties.",
    "zh": "较小的班级规模可能让教师给予学习有困难的学生更多个别关注。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attend a class｜上课",
   "class size｜班级规模",
   "social class｜社会阶层",
   "be classed as｜被归类为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "classmate (n.)",
   "classroom (n.)",
   "classify (v.)",
   "classification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in class通常指在上课；in the class指在这个班里。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "class"
 },
 {
  "w": "few",
  "uk": "/fjuː/",
  "us": "/fjuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "很少的；几个",
    "en": "Not many; a small number of countable things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "很少的人或事物",
    "en": "A small number of people or things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There were few customers in the shop this morning.",
    "zh": "今天上午店里的顾客很少。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Few rural communities have access to the specialist medical services available in major cities.",
    "zh": "很少有农村社区能获得大城市所提供的专科医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a few days｜几天",
   "very few people｜极少的人",
   "few and far between｜少之又少"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fewer (det.)",
   "fewest (det.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "many"
  ],
  "tip": "few表几乎没有，a few表有几个；均接可数名词复数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "few"
 },
 {
  "w": "country",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌntri/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌntri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "国家",
    "en": "An area of land governed as an independent political unit."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乡下；农村",
    "en": "Land outside towns and cities, often with farms and villages."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乡村音乐",
    "en": "A popular music style rooted in rural American traditions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She hopes to visit another country next summer.",
    "zh": "她希望明年夏天去另一个国家旅行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each country should develop energy policies that reflect its natural resources and long-term environmental goals.",
    "zh": "各国都应根据本国自然资源和长期环境目标制定能源政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a developing country｜发展中国家",
   "a neighbouring country｜邻国",
   "live in the country｜住在乡下",
   "country music｜乡村音乐"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "nation",
   "countryside"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“乡下”常用 the country，与国家义区分。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "country"
 },
 {
  "w": "understand",
  "uk": "/ˌʌndəˈstænd/",
  "us": "/ˌʌndərˈstænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "理解；懂得",
    "en": "to know what something means or how it works"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "体谅；理解感受",
    "en": "to recognise why someone feels or behaves a certain way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "获悉；认为",
    "en": "to believe something is true based on available information"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I finally understand how to use this washing machine.",
    "zh": "我终于懂得怎么用这台洗衣机了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should help students understand how their daily choices affect the natural environment.",
    "zh": "学校应帮助学生理解自己的日常选择如何影响自然环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "understand the meaning｜理解含义",
   "fully understand｜完全理解",
   "understand how｜理解如何"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "understanding (n.)",
   "understandable (adj.)",
   "understandably (adv.)",
   "misunderstand (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "comprehend",
   "grasp"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "misunderstand"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为understood。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "understand"
 },
 {
  "w": "die",
  "uk": "/daɪ/",
  "us": "/daɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "死亡；枯死",
    "en": "Stop living."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "停止运转；逐渐消失",
    "en": "Stop working or gradually become weaker and disappear."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "骰子",
    "en": "A small cube with marked faces, thrown in games."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These plants will die if we forget to water them.",
    "zh": "如果忘了浇水，这些植物就会枯死。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many marine animals die after swallowing plastic waste, highlighting the urgent need to reduce ocean pollution.",
    "zh": "许多海洋动物吞食塑料垃圾后死亡，这凸显了减少海洋污染的迫切需要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "die of cancer｜死于癌症",
   "die out｜灭绝；消失",
   "die down｜逐渐平息",
   "die from injuries｜因伤死亡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "death (n.)",
   "dead (adj.)",
   "dying (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pass away"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "live",
   "survive"
  ],
  "tip": "die是动词，dead是形容词，death是名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "die"
 },
 {
  "w": "April",
  "uk": "/ˈeɪprəl/",
  "us": "/ˈeɪprəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "四月",
    "en": "The fourth month of the year."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We are moving into our new flat in April.",
    "zh": "我们将在四月搬进新公寓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The community garden will open in April, giving local residents more opportunities to grow their own vegetables.",
    "zh": "社区菜园将于四月开放，让当地居民有更多机会自己种菜。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in April｜在四月",
   "early April｜四月初",
   "late April｜四月下旬"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "月份首字母大写；月份前用in，具体日期前用on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "april"
 },
 {
  "w": "with",
  "uk": "/wɪð/",
  "us": "/wɪð/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "和；与……一起",
    "en": "Accompanied by another person or thing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "有；带有",
    "en": "Having or including a particular feature or thing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "用；借助",
    "en": "Using a particular tool, material, or means."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I cooked dinner with my sister last night.",
    "zh": "昨晚我和姐姐一起做了晚饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should work with local communities to provide children with safe spaces for outdoor activities.",
    "zh": "学校应与当地社区合作，为儿童提供安全的户外活动空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "work with someone｜与某人合作",
   "with care｜小心地",
   "agree with someone｜同意某人的看法",
   "with the help of｜在……的帮助下"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "without"
  ],
  "tip": "with后接名词或代词宾格，如with me。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "with"
 },
 {
  "w": "plate",
  "uk": "/pleɪt/",
  "us": "/pleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盘子；碟子",
    "en": "A flat, usually round dish used for serving food."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "薄板；金属板",
    "en": "A flat piece of metal or another hard material."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给…镀上金属",
    "en": "To cover an object with a thin layer of metal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She placed a warm pancake on my plate.",
    "zh": "她在我的盘子里放了一张热乎乎的薄煎饼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restaurants can reduce food waste by offering smaller plates and allowing customers to request extra portions.",
    "zh": "餐馆可以提供较小的餐盘，并允许顾客要求加量，从而减少食物浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dinner plate｜餐盘",
   "a plate of rice｜一盘米饭",
   "steel plate｜钢板",
   "gold-plated jewellery｜镀金首饰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plating (n.)",
   "plated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "plate通常指浅盘，bowl指较深的碗。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plate"
 },
 {
  "w": "together",
  "uk": "/təˈɡeðə/",
  "us": "/təˈɡeðɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "一起；共同",
    "en": "with another person or other people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "合在一起；相互连接",
    "en": "joined or combined with something else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cooked dinner together and shared stories about our day.",
    "zh": "我们一起做晚饭，分享各自一天的见闻。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools and families should work together to help children develop healthy habits from an early age.",
    "zh": "学校和家庭应共同努力，帮助孩子从小养成健康习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "work together｜共同合作",
   "get together｜相聚",
   "put together｜组装；整理",
   "live together｜一起生活"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "togetherness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "jointly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "apart",
   "separately"
  ],
  "tip": "together通常作副词：一起做某事用动词加together。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "together"
 },
 {
  "w": "Saturday",
  "uk": "/ˈsætədeɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈsætərdeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "星期六",
    "en": "the day after Friday and before Sunday"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We usually buy fresh vegetables at the market on Saturday.",
    "zh": "我们通常星期六去市场买新鲜蔬菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Opening public libraries on Saturday allows more working parents to participate in educational activities with their children.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆在星期六开放，让更多上班的家长能与孩子一起参加教育活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on Saturday｜在星期六",
   "Saturday morning｜星期六早晨",
   "every Saturday｜每星期六",
   "this Saturday｜本周六"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母大写；on Saturday，但this Saturday前不用on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "saturday"
 },
 {
  "w": "brown",
  "uk": "/braʊn/",
  "us": "/braʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "棕色的；褐色的",
    "en": "Having the colour of chocolate or dark wood."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "棕色；褐色",
    "en": "The colour of chocolate or dark wood."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使变褐色；变褐色",
    "en": "To become brown, or make food brown through cooking."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small brown dog was sleeping beside the door.",
    "zh": "一只棕色的小狗正在门边睡觉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During dry periods, grass often turns brown as plants conserve water and reduce their growth.",
    "zh": "在干旱时期，植物为了保存水分会减缓生长，草也常因此变成褐色。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dark brown｜深棕色",
   "brown eyes｜棕色眼睛",
   "brown rice｜糙米",
   "golden brown｜金黄色的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "brownish (adj.)",
   "browning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "brown作动词常用于烹饪，指把食物煎或烤至褐色。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brown"
 },
 {
  "w": "spend",
  "uk": "/spend/",
  "us": "/spend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "花费钱",
    "en": "to use money to pay for something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "度过；花费时间",
    "en": "to use time doing something or being somewhere"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent all our money on fresh fruit.",
    "zh": "我们把钱全花在了新鲜水果上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should spend more on preventive healthcare to reduce the future costs of treating chronic diseases.",
    "zh": "政府应增加预防保健方面的支出，以减少未来治疗慢性病的费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spend money on｜把钱花在……上",
   "spend time doing｜花时间做……",
   "spend the night｜过夜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spending (n.)",
   "spender (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "save"
  ],
  "tip": "用spend时间doing或spend钱on；过去式spent。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spend"
 },
 {
  "w": "autumn",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːtəm/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːtəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "秋天；秋季",
    "en": "The season between summer and winter"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We collect fallen leaves in the park every autumn.",
    "zh": "我们每年秋天都在公园里收集落叶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Warmer autumn temperatures may delay leaf fall and affect the seasonal behaviour of local wildlife.",
    "zh": "秋季气温升高可能推迟落叶，并影响当地野生动物的季节性行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in autumn｜在秋天",
   "autumn leaves｜秋叶",
   "early autumn｜初秋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "autumnal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fall"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "字母n不发音；美式英语常用fall表示秋天。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "autumn"
 },
 {
  "w": "help",
  "uk": "/help/",
  "us": "/help/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "帮助；有助于",
    "en": "Make something easier or better for someone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "帮助；援助",
    "en": "Support that makes a difficulty or task easier."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you help me carry these bags upstairs?",
    "zh": "你能帮我把这些袋子提上楼吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable public transport can help residents access jobs and reduce their dependence on cars.",
    "zh": "价格实惠的公共交通可以帮助居民获得就业机会，并减少他们对汽车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "help someone with something｜帮助某人做某事",
   "ask for help｜寻求帮助",
   "help to reduce｜有助于减少"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "helpful (adj.)",
   "helpless (adj.)",
   "helper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assist",
   "aid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hinder"
  ],
  "tip": "help后接动词原形或to不定式均可。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "help"
 },
 {
  "w": "high",
  "uk": "/haɪ/",
  "us": "/haɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "高的；高处的",
    "en": "extending far upwards or positioned far above the ground"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大量的；高水平的",
    "en": "greater than usual in amount, degree, or quality"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在高处；向高处",
    "en": "at or to a position far above the ground"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shelf is too high for me to reach.",
    "zh": "架子太高了，我够不着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High housing costs can prevent young adults from living independently, particularly in major urban centres.",
    "zh": "高昂的住房成本可能使年轻人无法独立居住，在大城市中心尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "high standards｜高标准",
   "high prices｜高价",
   "high altitude｜高海拔",
   "high above｜远在……上方"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "height (n.)",
   "heighten (v.)",
   "highly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "low"
  ],
  "tip": "high常指位置或程度；人的身高用tall。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "high"
 },
 {
  "w": "soup",
  "uk": "/suːp/",
  "us": "/suːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汤；羹",
    "en": "A liquid food made by cooking ingredients in water or stock."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She warmed her hands around a bowl of soup.",
    "zh": "她双手捧着一碗汤取暖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community kitchens can provide affordable vegetable soup to help residents access nutritious meals during difficult economic periods.",
    "zh": "社区厨房可以提供价格实惠的蔬菜汤，帮助居民在经济困难时期获得有营养的餐食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bowl of soup｜一碗汤",
   "vegetable soup｜蔬菜汤",
   "make soup｜煮汤",
   "chicken soup｜鸡汤"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；点餐时two soups可指两份汤。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "soup"
 },
 {
  "w": "choose",
  "uk": "/tʃuːz/",
  "us": "/tʃuːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "选择；挑选",
    "en": "to decide which person or thing you want"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "决定；选择去做",
    "en": "to decide to do something rather than something else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can choose a seat beside the window.",
    "zh": "你可以选一个靠窗的座位。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many students choose to study abroad because they want to experience different cultures and teaching methods.",
    "zh": "许多学生选择出国留学，因为他们想体验不同的文化和教学方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "choose between｜在……之间选择",
   "choose from｜从……中挑选",
   "choose to do something｜选择做某事",
   "choose wisely｜明智地选择"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "choice (n.)",
   "choosy (adj.)",
   "chosen (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "select",
   "pick"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式chose，过去分词chosen；后接to do。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "choose"
 },
 {
  "w": "movie",
  "uk": "/ˈmuːvi/",
  "us": "/ˈmuːvi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电影",
    "en": "a recorded story or sequence of moving images for watching"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a funny movie after dinner last night.",
    "zh": "昨晚晚饭后，我们看了一部有趣的电影。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Movies can introduce audiences to unfamiliar cultures, although they sometimes reinforce stereotypes rather than challenge them.",
    "zh": "电影可以向观众介绍陌生文化，不过有时也会强化刻板印象，而非打破它们。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "watch a movie｜看电影",
   "movie star｜电影明星",
   "movie theatre｜电影院",
   "go to the movies｜去看电影"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "film"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "movie偏美式，英式常用film；the movies可指电影院。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "movie"
 },
 {
  "w": "believe",
  "uk": "/bɪˈliːv/",
  "us": "/bɪˈliːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "相信；信以为真",
    "en": "To accept that something is true or someone is truthful."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "认为；以为",
    "en": "To think that something is likely or correct."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "信任；信仰",
    "en": "To have confidence or faith in someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I believe you, but your story sounds quite unusual.",
    "zh": "我相信你，但你讲的事情听起来很不寻常。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some educators believe that practical experience is just as valuable as academic knowledge in preparing students for employment.",
    "zh": "一些教育工作者认为，在帮助学生为就业做准备方面，实践经验与学术知识同样重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "believe that｜相信；认为……",
   "believe in yourself｜相信自己",
   "widely believed｜被普遍认为",
   "hard to believe｜难以置信"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "belief (n.)",
   "believable (adj.)",
   "unbelievable (adj.)",
   "believer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "disbelieve",
   "doubt"
  ],
  "tip": "believe someone指相信其话；believe in someone指信任其能力。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "believe"
 },
 {
  "w": "train",
  "uk": "/treɪn/",
  "us": "/treɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "火车；列车",
    "en": "Connected railway vehicles that carry passengers or goods."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "训练；培训",
    "en": "Teach or practise skills needed for an activity or job."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We caught the last train home after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，我们赶上了回家的末班火车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should train more healthcare workers to meet the needs of an ageing population.",
    "zh": "政府应培训更多医护人员，以满足老龄化人口的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "catch a train｜赶上火车",
   "train station｜火车站",
   "train staff｜培训员工",
   "train for a marathon｜为马拉松训练"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "training (n.)",
   "trainer (n.)",
   "trainee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "交通方式用by train；在某列火车上用on the train。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "train"
 },
 {
  "w": "paper",
  "uk": "/ˈpeɪpə/",
  "us": "/ˈpeɪpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纸；纸张",
    "en": "Thin material used for writing, printing, or wrapping."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "报纸",
    "en": "A publication containing news, usually printed on large sheets."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "论文；试卷",
    "en": "An academic article or a written examination."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wrapped the small gift in bright yellow paper.",
    "zh": "她用鲜黄色的纸把小礼物包了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The university encourages students to submit assignments electronically to reduce paper consumption across its departments.",
    "zh": "这所大学鼓励学生以电子形式提交作业，以减少各院系的纸张消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sheet of paper｜一张纸",
   "recycled paper｜再生纸",
   "research paper｜研究论文",
   "exam paper｜试卷"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "paperless (adj.)",
   "papery (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "纸不可数，用a piece of paper；论文、报纸可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "paper"
 },
 {
  "w": "if",
  "uk": "/ɪf/",
  "us": "/ɪf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "如果；假如",
    "en": "introduces a condition for something to happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "是否",
    "en": "introduces an indirect question about whether something is true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "If it rains, we can play indoors instead.",
    "zh": "如果下雨，我们可以改在室内玩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "If cities invest in safe cycling routes, more residents may choose bicycles for their daily journeys.",
    "zh": "如果城市投资建设安全的自行车道，更多居民可能会选择骑车进行日常出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "even if｜即使",
   "only if｜只有…才",
   "as if｜仿佛",
   "if necessary｜如有必要"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "谈未来条件时，if从句通常用一般现在时。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "if"
 },
 {
  "w": "big",
  "uk": "/bɪɡ/",
  "us": "/bɪɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大的；大量的",
    "en": "Large in size, amount, or degree."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "重要的；影响大的",
    "en": "Important or likely to have a strong effect."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We need a big bag for all these towels.",
    "zh": "我们需要一个大袋子来装所有这些毛巾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport can make a big difference to air quality in rapidly growing cities.",
    "zh": "公共交通能显著改善快速发展城市的空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a big difference｜很大的差别",
   "a big decision｜重大决定",
   "a big mistake｜严重错误"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bigger (adj.)",
   "biggest (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "large"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "small"
  ],
  "tip": "big较口语；正式写作可按语境用large或major。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "big"
 },
 {
  "w": "hand",
  "uk": "/hænd/",
  "us": "/hænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手",
    "en": "The body part at the arm's end, with fingers and thumb."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "帮助",
    "en": "Help with doing a task."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "递给；交给",
    "en": "To give something to someone by holding it out."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She held the warm cup in her left hand.",
    "zh": "她用左手握着温热的杯子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Practical workshops allow students to develop skills by making objects with their own hands.",
    "zh": "实践工作坊让学生通过亲手制作物品来培养技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hold hands｜手拉手",
   "give someone a hand｜帮某人一把",
   "hand in an assignment｜提交作业",
   "by hand｜用手；手工"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "handful (n.)",
   "handy (adj.)",
   "handmade (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "give someone a hand表示帮忙；by hand表示手工。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hand"
 },
 {
  "w": "yellow",
  "uk": "/ˈjeləʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈjeloʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "黄色的",
    "en": "having the colour of lemons or ripe bananas"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "黄色",
    "en": "the colour of lemons or ripe bananas"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变黄；使变黄",
    "en": "to become yellow or make something yellow"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She picked a yellow umbrella for the rainy walk.",
    "zh": "她挑了一把黄色雨伞，准备在雨中散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Yellow leaves may indicate that urban trees are suffering from water shortages or poor soil conditions.",
    "zh": "黄叶可能表明城市树木正受到缺水或土壤条件不佳的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bright yellow｜明黄色",
   "pale yellow｜淡黄色",
   "turn yellow｜变黄"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "yellowish (adj.)",
   "yellowing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可作动词表示变黄；不要用它描述人的种族。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "yellow"
 },
 {
  "w": "rich",
  "uk": "/rɪtʃ/",
  "us": "/rɪtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "富有的；富裕的",
    "en": "Having a lot of money or valuable possessions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "富含的；丰富的",
    "en": "Containing a large amount or variety of something valuable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "油腻的；浓厚的",
    "en": "Containing plenty of fat, cream, sugar, or strong flavour."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their rich uncle owns a large house by the sea.",
    "zh": "他们富有的叔叔在海边拥有一栋大房子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rich countries can support global development by investing in clean energy projects in poorer regions.",
    "zh": "富裕国家可以通过投资贫困地区的清洁能源项目来支持全球发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rich countries｜富裕国家",
   "rich in nutrients｜富含营养成分",
   "rich cultural heritage｜丰富的文化遗产",
   "rich food｜油腻的食物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "richness (n.)",
   "richly (adv.)",
   "enrich (v.)",
   "riches (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wealthy",
   "affluent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "poor"
  ],
  "tip": "“富含……”用 rich in，不用 rich of。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rich"
 },
 {
  "w": "know",
  "uk": "/nəʊ/",
  "us": "/noʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "知道；懂得",
    "en": "To have information or understanding about something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "认识；熟悉",
    "en": "To be familiar with a person, place, or thing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Do you know how to fix this bicycle?",
    "zh": "你知道怎么修这辆自行车吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers need to know how their personal information is collected before they can make informed choices online.",
    "zh": "消费者需要了解个人信息的收集方式，才能在网上作出知情选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "know how to｜知道如何",
   "know the answer｜知道答案",
   "know someone well｜很了解某人",
   "know for sure｜确切知道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "knowledge (n.)",
   "knowledgeable (adj.)",
   "known (adj.)",
   "unknown (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式knew，过去分词known；通常不用进行时。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "know"
 },
 {
  "w": "cousin",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌzən/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌzən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "堂兄弟姐妹；表兄弟姐妹",
    "en": "A child of your aunt or uncle"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin taught me to ride a bicycle yesterday.",
    "zh": "我的表姐昨天教我骑自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children who regularly spend time with their cousins may develop strong family bonds beyond their immediate household.",
    "zh": "经常与堂表兄弟姐妹相处的孩子，可能与小家庭之外的亲人建立深厚感情。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a first cousin｜堂亲或表亲",
   "a distant cousin｜远房堂亲或表亲",
   "a younger cousin｜年幼的堂表亲"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不区分堂表、性别或长幼；需要时另加说明。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cousin"
 },
 {
  "w": "November",
  "uk": "/nəʊˈvembə/",
  "us": "/noʊˈvembɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "十一月",
    "en": "The eleventh month of the year."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We are moving into our new flat in November.",
    "zh": "我们将在十一月搬进新公寓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The university plans to launch its new scholarship programme in November, allowing more international students to apply.",
    "zh": "该大学计划在十一月推出新的奖学金项目，让更多国际学生能够申请。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in November｜在十一月",
   "early November｜十一月初",
   "late November｜十一月下旬"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "月份首字母大写；月份前用in，具体日期前用on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "november"
 },
 {
  "w": "cafe",
  "uk": "/ˈkæfeɪ/",
  "us": "/kæˈfeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "咖啡馆；小餐馆",
    "en": "A small place serving drinks and light meals."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared a sandwich at the cafe beside the station.",
    "zh": "我们在车站旁的小餐馆分着吃了一份三明治。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A neighbourhood cafe can strengthen community ties by providing a welcoming space for residents to meet.",
    "zh": "社区咖啡馆可以为居民提供友好的聚会空间，从而加强社区联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "outdoor cafe｜露天咖啡馆",
   "local cafe｜附近的咖啡馆",
   "internet cafe｜网吧"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "也写作café；通常提供饮料和简餐。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cafe"
 },
 {
  "w": "live",
  "uk": "/lɪv/, /laɪv/",
  "us": "/lɪv/, /laɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "居住；生活；活着",
    "en": "to have your home somewhere, lead a life, or remain alive"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "现场直播的；现场的",
    "en": "broadcast or performed as it happens, rather than recorded"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "活的",
    "en": "alive rather than dead"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandparents live in a quiet village near the coast.",
    "zh": "我的祖父母住在海边一个安静的村庄里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who live near public transport often depend less on private cars for their daily journeys.",
    "zh": "住在公共交通设施附近的人日常出行往往较少依赖私家车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "live alone｜独自居住",
   "live a healthy life｜过健康的生活",
   "live music｜现场音乐",
   "live broadcast｜现场直播"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "living (adj.)",
   "alive (adj.)",
   "life (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词读/lɪv/；形容词及表示现场直播的副词读/laɪv/。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "live"
 },
 {
  "w": "her",
  "uk": "/hə(r)/",
  "us": "/hɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "她（宾格）",
    "en": "the female person or animal receiving an action"
   },
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "她的",
    "en": "belonging to or connected with a female person or animal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I called her after lunch to arrange a walk.",
    "zh": "午饭后我给她打了电话，约好一起散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When a student requests additional support, teachers should help her access appropriate learning resources.",
    "zh": "当一名女学生请求额外支持时，教师应帮助她获取合适的学习资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "with her｜和她一起",
   "for her｜为她",
   "her own｜她自己的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "she (pron.)",
   "hers (pron.)",
   "herself (pron.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "her可作宾语或接名词表所属；hers独立使用。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "her"
 },
 {
  "w": "quick",
  "uk": "/kwɪk/",
  "us": "/kwɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "迅速的；敏捷的",
    "en": "moving or acting fast, without much delay"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "短暂的；用时少的",
    "en": "taking only a short time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her quick reaction stopped the glass from falling.",
    "zh": "她反应敏捷，及时接住了差点掉落的玻璃杯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A quick response to reports of water pollution can prevent serious damage to nearby ecosystems.",
    "zh": "对水污染报告作出迅速回应，可以防止附近生态系统遭受严重破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "quick response｜迅速的回应",
   "quick decision｜迅速的决定",
   "quick look｜匆匆一看",
   "quick to react｜反应敏捷"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "quickly (adv.)",
   "quickness (n.)",
   "quicken (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fast",
   "rapid",
   "swift"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "slow"
  ],
  "tip": "正式表达中用副词quickly修饰动作。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quick"
 },
 {
  "w": "August",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːɡəst/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːɡəst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "八月",
    "en": "the eighth month of the year"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We usually visit our grandparents by the sea in August.",
    "zh": "我们通常八月去看望住在海边的祖父母。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourist destinations often experience increased demand in August, putting pressure on local transport and accommodation.",
    "zh": "旅游目的地的需求往往在八月增加，给当地交通和住宿带来压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in August｜在八月",
   "early August｜八月初",
   "late August｜八月下旬"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "月份首字母大写；月份前用in，具体日期前用on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "august"
 },
 {
  "w": "Germany",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒɜːməni/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒɝːməni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "德国",
    "en": "a country in central Europe"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin moved to Germany to study engineering.",
    "zh": "我的表亲搬到德国去学工程了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Germany has invested in renewable energy as part of its efforts to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "德国投资可再生能源，以减少对化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in Germany｜在德国",
   "travel to Germany｜去德国旅行",
   "made in Germany｜德国制造"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "German (adj.)",
   "German (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "Germany是国名；German可指德语、德国人或德国的。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "germany"
 },
 {
  "w": "bag",
  "uk": "/bæɡ/",
  "us": "/bæɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "包；袋",
    "en": "A container made from flexible material, used for carrying things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把……装进袋子",
    "en": "To put something into a bag."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She put the apples in a reusable bag.",
    "zh": "她把苹果放进了一个可重复使用的袋子里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Charging customers for plastic bags can encourage shoppers to adopt more environmentally responsible habits.",
    "zh": "向顾客收取塑料袋费用，可以鼓励购物者养成更环保的习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a shopping bag｜购物袋",
   "a reusable bag｜可重复使用的袋子",
   "pack a bag｜收拾行李包"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bagful (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a bag of后接所装物品，如a bag of rice。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bag"
 },
 {
  "w": "tennis",
  "uk": "/ˈtenɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈtenɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "网球运动",
    "en": "a sport involving hitting a ball over a net with rackets"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We play tennis at the park on Sundays.",
    "zh": "我们每逢周日都在公园打网球。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing affordable tennis lessons can encourage young people to exercise regularly and develop greater physical coordination.",
    "zh": "提供价格实惠的网球课程，可以鼓励年轻人经常锻炼并提高身体协调能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play tennis｜打网球",
   "tennis court｜网球场",
   "tennis racket｜网球拍",
   "tennis match｜网球比赛"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "说 play tennis，不加冠词；球拍用 racket。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tennis"
 },
 {
  "w": "cat",
  "uk": "/kæt/",
  "us": "/kæt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "猫",
    "en": "A small furry animal often kept as a pet."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "猫科动物",
    "en": "An animal belonging to the same family as lions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our cat sleeps in a sunny spot by the window.",
    "zh": "我们家的猫睡在窗边阳光照得到的地方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Keeping pet cats indoors can help protect native birds, particularly in areas with vulnerable wildlife populations.",
    "zh": "将宠物猫养在室内有助于保护本地鸟类，尤其是在野生动物种群脆弱的地区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pet cat｜宠物猫",
   "a stray cat｜流浪猫",
   "big cats｜大型猫科动物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "feline"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "big cats指狮、虎等大型猫科动物。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cat"
 },
 {
  "w": "place",
  "uk": "/pleɪs/",
  "us": "/pleɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地方；地点",
    "en": "A particular area, position, or location."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放置",
    "en": "To put something in a particular position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "座位；名额",
    "en": "A space available for someone to sit, study, or participate."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This shady spot is a lovely place for a picnic.",
    "zh": "这处阴凉的地方很适合野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planners should place public facilities near residential areas to make essential services accessible to everyone.",
    "zh": "城市规划者应将公共设施设在住宅区附近，让所有人都能方便地获得基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a public place｜公共场所",
   "place an order｜下订单",
   "take place｜发生；举行",
   "a university place｜大学录取名额"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "placement (n.)",
   "misplace (v.)",
   "replace (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "take place表示发生或举行，不用被动语态。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "place"
 },
 {
  "w": "dress",
  "uk": "/dres/",
  "us": "/dres/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "连衣裙",
    "en": "a one-piece garment with a top and a skirt"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "穿衣；给……穿衣",
    "en": "to put clothes on yourself or someone else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "服装；衣着",
    "en": "clothing of a particular type or worn for a particular occasion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wore a blue dress to her sister's party.",
    "zh": "她穿了一条蓝色连衣裙去参加姐姐的聚会。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some employers require formal dress, while others allow staff to wear casual clothing at work.",
    "zh": "有些雇主要求穿正装，而另一些则允许员工上班时穿便装。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a summer dress｜夏季连衣裙",
   "get dressed｜穿好衣服",
   "dress code｜着装规定",
   "dress up｜盛装打扮"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dressed (adj.)",
   "undress (v.)",
   "dressy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a dress指连衣裙；get dressed指穿好衣服。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dress"
 },
 {
  "w": "mouse",
  "uk": "/maʊs/",
  "us": "/maʊs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "老鼠",
    "en": "A small rodent with a pointed nose and long thin tail."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鼠标",
    "en": "A handheld device for moving a pointer on a computer screen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiny mouse slipped behind the cupboard before breakfast.",
    "zh": "早饭前，一只小老鼠溜到了橱柜后面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using a mouse for long periods may cause wrist discomfort, so office workers should take regular breaks.",
    "zh": "长时间使用鼠标可能引起手腕不适，因此办公室职员应定时休息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a field mouse｜田鼠",
   "a wireless mouse｜无线鼠标",
   "a mouse click｜鼠标单击"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mousy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "老鼠的复数是mice；鼠标的复数可用mice或mouses。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mouse"
 },
 {
  "w": "car",
  "uk": "/kɑː/",
  "us": "/kɑːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汽车；轿车",
    "en": "a road vehicle with wheels, usually carrying a few people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "火车车厢",
    "en": "one of the separate sections of a train"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our car is parked under the tree outside.",
    "zh": "我们的汽车停在外面的树下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing private car use could improve urban air quality and make streets safer for pedestrians.",
    "zh": "减少私家车使用可以改善城市空气质量，让街道对行人更安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "by car｜乘汽车",
   "electric car｜电动汽车",
   "car park｜停车场",
   "dining car｜餐车"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "automobile"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "by car不加冠词；in a car需要冠词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "car"
 },
 {
  "w": "breakfast",
  "uk": "/ˈbrekfəst/",
  "us": "/ˈbrekfəst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "早餐；早饭",
    "en": "the meal you eat at the start of the day"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I usually have breakfast before taking the bus.",
    "zh": "我通常吃完早餐再去坐公交车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools that provide a healthy breakfast may help students concentrate better during morning lessons.",
    "zh": "提供健康早餐的学校可能有助于学生在上午的课堂上更加专注。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have breakfast｜吃早餐",
   "skip breakfast｜不吃早餐",
   "a balanced breakfast｜营养均衡的早餐"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指吃早餐用have breakfast，不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "breakfast"
 },
 {
  "w": "spell",
  "uk": "/spel/",
  "us": "/spel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拼写",
    "en": "To write or say the letters of a word in order."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一段时间",
    "en": "A period during which a particular condition or activity continues."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "咒语；魔法",
    "en": "Words or magic believed to have special powers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you spell your surname slowly for me, please?",
    "zh": "请你把姓氏慢慢拼给我听，好吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "A prolonged spell of dry weather can reduce crop yields and increase pressure on local water supplies.",
    "zh": "持续的干旱天气会降低农作物产量，并加大当地供水压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spell a word｜拼写单词",
   "a dry spell｜一段干旱期",
   "a spell of illness｜一段患病期",
   "cast a spell｜施咒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spelling (n.)",
   "misspell (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式及过去分词英式可用spelt或spelled。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spell"
 },
 {
  "w": "catch",
  "uk": "/kætʃ/",
  "us": "/kætʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "接住；抓住",
    "en": "to stop and hold something moving, or capture someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赶上；搭乘",
    "en": "to reach a bus, train, or plane in time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "感染；患上",
    "en": "to become ill with an infectious disease"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you catch the ball with just one hand?",
    "zh": "你能只用一只手接住球吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "More frequent bus services would help commuters catch connecting trains without relying on private cars.",
    "zh": "增加公交班次将帮助通勤者赶上接续列车，而不必依赖私家车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "catch a ball｜接住球",
   "catch a train｜赶上火车",
   "catch a cold｜感冒",
   "catch someone's attention｜吸引某人的注意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "catcher (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为caught；感冒用catch a cold。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "catch"
 },
 {
  "w": "love",
  "uk": "/lʌv/",
  "us": "/lʌv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "爱；热爱；非常喜欢",
    "en": "feel deep affection for someone or enjoy something very much"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爱；爱情；热爱",
    "en": "a strong feeling of affection or great enjoyment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I love walking by the river after dinner.",
    "zh": "我很喜欢晚饭后沿着河边散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can develop children's love of reading by providing diverse books and regular library visits.",
    "zh": "学校可以通过提供多样化的图书和安排定期参观图书馆，培养孩子对阅读的热爱。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fall in love｜爱上",
   "love of learning｜对学习的热爱",
   "love doing something｜喜欢做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "loving (adj.)",
   "lovable (adj.)",
   "lovely (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adore"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hate"
  ],
  "tip": "love doing和love to do均可表示喜欢做某事。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "love"
 },
 {
  "w": "four",
  "uk": "/fɔː/",
  "us": "/fɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "四；四个",
    "en": "the number after three and before five"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We put four chairs around the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "我们在厨房桌子周围放了四把椅子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The research team compared four methods of reducing household energy use during the winter months.",
    "zh": "研究团队比较了四种减少冬季家庭能源消耗的方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "four times｜四次；四倍",
   "four hours｜四小时",
   "all four｜全部四个"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fourth (num.)",
   "fourteen (num.)",
   "forty (num.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "four是基数词；表示顺序“第四”用fourth。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "four"
 },
 {
  "w": "show",
  "uk": "/ʃəʊ/",
  "us": "/ʃoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "展示；给……看",
    "en": "To let someone see something or demonstrate how something works."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表明；证明",
    "en": "To provide information or evidence that something is true."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "演出；节目；展览",
    "en": "A performance, programme, or public display intended for an audience."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please show me how to fold this paper bird.",
    "zh": "请教我怎么折这只纸鸟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recent studies show that access to green spaces can improve mental wellbeing in urban populations.",
    "zh": "近期研究表明，能够使用绿地有助于改善城市居民的心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "show someone how to｜教某人如何",
   "show that｜表明",
   "show an improvement｜显示出改善",
   "a live show｜现场演出"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "showing (n.)",
   "showy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "display",
   "demonstrate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hide"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式showed，过去分词通常用shown。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "show"
 },
 {
  "w": "above",
  "uk": "/əˈbʌv/",
  "us": "/əˈbʌv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……上方",
    "en": "In a higher position than something else."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "超过；高于",
    "en": "Greater than a particular amount, level, or standard."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在上方；在上文",
    "en": "In a higher place or earlier in a piece of writing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small wooden shelf hangs above the kitchen sink.",
    "zh": "厨房水槽上方挂着一个小木架。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Temperatures above the seasonal average can increase water demand and put pressure on urban supplies.",
    "zh": "高于当季平均水平的气温会增加用水需求，给城市供水带来压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "above sea level｜高于海平面",
   "above average｜高于平均水平",
   "above all｜最重要的是",
   "as mentioned above｜如上所述"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "below"
  ],
  "tip": "above 表示位置更高，不一定正上方，也不表示接触。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "above"
 },
 {
  "w": "beginner",
  "uk": "/bɪˈɡɪnə/",
  "us": "/bɪˈɡɪnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "初学者；新手",
    "en": "someone who has just started learning or doing something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This swimming class is perfect for a complete beginner.",
    "zh": "这堂游泳课非常适合完全没有基础的初学者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Courses designed for beginners should provide clear guidance and regular opportunities to practise new skills.",
    "zh": "为初学者设计的课程应提供清晰的指导，以及定期练习新技能的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a complete beginner｜零基础初学者",
   "suitable for beginners｜适合初学者",
   "a beginner's guide｜入门指南"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "begin (v.)",
   "beginning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "novice",
   "newcomer"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "expert"
  ],
  "tip": "beginner是可数名词，单数前通常要有限定词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beginner"
 },
 {
  "w": "cry",
  "uk": "/kraɪ/",
  "us": "/kraɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "哭；流泪",
    "en": "Produce tears because of sadness, pain, or strong emotion."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "喊叫；呼喊",
    "en": "Call out loudly because of strong emotion or urgent need."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "叫声；喊声",
    "en": "A loud sound expressing emotion or attracting attention."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The baby began to cry when her toy fell.",
    "zh": "玩具掉了，宝宝就哭了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Young children may cry when separated from their parents, so schools should provide a welcoming environment.",
    "zh": "幼儿与父母分开时可能会哭，因此学校应营造亲切友好的环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cry for help｜呼救",
   "cry with joy｜喜极而泣",
   "a loud cry｜一声大喊",
   "have a good cry｜痛哭一场"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crying (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "weep",
   "sob"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式cried；现在分词crying；表示喊叫常用cry out。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cry"
 },
 {
  "w": "buy",
  "uk": "/baɪ/",
  "us": "/baɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "购买",
    "en": "to obtain something by paying money for it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "相信；接受",
    "en": "to believe an explanation or accept an idea"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "买到的东西；合算的购买",
    "en": "something bought, especially something offering good value"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I need to buy some bread before breakfast.",
    "zh": "我需要在吃早饭前买些面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers can reduce packaging waste when they buy fresh produce from local markets.",
    "zh": "消费者在当地市场购买新鲜农产品时，可以减少包装废弃物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "buy in bulk｜批量购买",
   "buy second-hand｜购买二手物品",
   "buy time｜争取时间",
   "a good buy｜合算的购买"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "buyer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "purchase"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sell"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为bought；不要写成buyed。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "buy"
 },
 {
  "w": "short",
  "uk": "/ʃɔːt/",
  "us": "/ʃɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "短的；短暂的；矮的",
    "en": "Having little length, height, or duration."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不足的；短缺的",
    "en": "Not having as much of something as is needed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "未达到；突然停止",
    "en": "Before reaching a target, or with a sudden stop."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took a short walk before dinner tonight.",
    "zh": "今晚晚饭前，我们散了一小会儿步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Short training courses can help unemployed adults acquire practical skills without committing to several years of study.",
    "zh": "短期培训课程能帮助失业成年人获得实用技能，而不必投入数年时间学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a short distance｜一小段距离",
   "short of time｜时间不足",
   "in the short term｜短期内",
   "fall short of｜未达到"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shorten (v.)",
   "shortness (n.)",
   "shortage (n.)",
   "shortly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "brief"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "long",
   "tall"
  ],
  "tip": "short of表示缺少；shortly通常意为“不久”。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "short"
 },
 {
  "w": "sentence",
  "uk": "/ˈsentəns/",
  "us": "/ˈsentəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "句子",
    "en": "a group of words expressing a complete statement, question, or command"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刑罚；判决",
    "en": "a punishment officially given by a court"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "判刑；宣判",
    "en": "to officially give someone a punishment in court"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher asked us to write one sentence about autumn.",
    "zh": "老师让我们写一个关于秋天的句子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning to vary sentence length can help students express complex ideas more clearly in academic essays.",
    "zh": "学会变化句子长度，可以帮助学生在学术文章中更清晰地表达复杂观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complete sentence｜完整的句子",
   "sentence structure｜句子结构",
   "prison sentence｜监禁刑罚",
   "sentence someone to｜判处某人……刑罚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sentencing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "判某人某种刑罚用sentence sb to sth。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sentence"
 },
 {
  "w": "wear",
  "uk": "/weə/",
  "us": "/wer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "穿；戴",
    "en": "to have clothes, jewellery, or accessories on your body"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "磨损；用旧",
    "en": "to damage or become damaged through repeated use"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "磨损；损耗",
    "en": "damage caused by regular use over time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I always wear thick socks when the floor feels cold.",
    "zh": "地板凉的时候，我总会穿上厚袜子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Encouraging employees to wear protective equipment can significantly reduce the risk of injuries in industrial workplaces.",
    "zh": "鼓励员工穿戴防护装备，可以显著降低工业场所的工伤风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wear glasses｜戴眼镜",
   "wear a uniform｜穿制服",
   "wear out｜磨坏；用坏",
   "wear and tear｜日常磨损"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wearer (n.)",
   "worn (adj.)",
   "wearable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wear强调穿戴状态，put on强调动作；过去式wore。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wear"
 },
 {
  "w": "day",
  "uk": "/deɪ/",
  "us": "/deɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一天；一日",
    "en": "a period of twenty-four hours"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "白天；白昼",
    "en": "the part of each day when there is natural light"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "时期；年代",
    "en": "a particular period in the past or present"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent the whole day building sandcastles on the beach.",
    "zh": "我们一整天都在海滩上堆沙堡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shorter working days may improve employee wellbeing while allowing parents to spend more time with their children.",
    "zh": "缩短每日工作时间可能改善员工的身心状态，同时让家长有更多时间陪伴孩子。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "every day｜每天",
   "during the day｜在白天",
   "a day off｜休息的一天",
   "these days｜如今"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "daily (adj.)",
   "daytime (n.)",
   "daylight (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "night"
  ],
  "tip": "every day意为每天；everyday是形容词，意为日常的。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "day"
 },
 {
  "w": "homework",
  "uk": "/ˈhəʊmwɜːk/",
  "us": "/ˈhoʊmwɝːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "家庭作业",
    "en": "Schoolwork that students are asked to complete outside lessons."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "事前准备工作",
    "en": "Research or preparation done before making a decision."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I finished my homework before dinner and went outside.",
    "zh": "我在晚饭前做完了作业，然后出门了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should limit homework so that children have enough time for exercise and family activities.",
    "zh": "学校应限制家庭作业量，让孩子有足够的时间锻炼和参加家庭活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "do homework｜做家庭作业",
   "hand in homework｜交作业",
   "do your homework｜做好事前准备"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；一项作业用a piece of homework。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "homework"
 },
 {
  "w": "better",
  "uk": "/ˈbetə/",
  "us": "/ˈbetər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "更好的；更合适的",
    "en": "Of higher quality or more suitable than something else."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "更好地",
    "en": "In a more effective or satisfactory way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "身体好转的",
    "en": "Less ill than before."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This backpack is better than my old one.",
    "zh": "这个背包比我原来的那个好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Better public transport can reduce traffic congestion and improve access to employment in growing cities.",
    "zh": "更好的公共交通能缓解交通拥堵，并改善发展中城市的就业可达性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "better than｜比……更好",
   "feel better｜感觉好些",
   "better understanding｜更深入的理解",
   "much better｜好得多"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "good (adj.)",
   "well (adv.)",
   "best (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "superior"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "worse"
  ],
  "tip": "是good和well的比较级，不说more better。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "better"
 },
 {
  "w": "into",
  "uk": "/ˈɪntə/",
  "us": "/ˈɪntə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "进入；到……里面",
    "en": "towards and then inside something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "变成",
    "en": "used to show the result of a change"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "对……很感兴趣",
    "en": "interested in or enthusiastic about something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitten jumped into the basket beside my chair.",
    "zh": "小猫跳进了我椅子旁的篮子里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Converting unused offices into affordable housing could help cities address shortages without expanding into surrounding countryside.",
    "zh": "将闲置办公室改造成经济适用住房，可帮助城市缓解住房短缺，而不必向周边乡村扩张。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "walk into a room｜走进房间",
   "turn into｜变成",
   "be into music｜热衷音乐",
   "look into a problem｜调查问题"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "into强调进入的过程；in通常表示在里面。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "into"
 },
 {
  "w": "bicycle",
  "uk": "/ˈbaɪsɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈbaɪsɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自行车",
    "en": "a two-wheeled vehicle moved by pushing pedals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "骑自行车",
    "en": "to travel by bicycle"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I locked my bicycle outside the small bakery.",
    "zh": "我把自行车锁在那家小面包店外面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Travelling by bicycle can reduce urban air pollution while providing residents with regular physical exercise.",
    "zh": "骑自行车出行既能减少城市空气污染，也能让居民经常锻炼身体。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ride a bicycle｜骑自行车",
   "by bicycle｜骑自行车出行",
   "bicycle lane｜自行车道",
   "bicycle helmet｜自行车头盔"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bicycling (n.)",
   "bicyclist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bike"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "by bicycle不加冠词；ride a bicycle要加冠词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bicycle"
 },
 {
  "w": "visit",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪzɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈvɪzɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拜访；参观；游览",
    "en": "To go to see a person or place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拜访；参观；逗留",
    "en": "An occasion when someone goes to see someone or somewhere."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We visited our neighbours and shared some homemade soup.",
    "zh": "我们去拜访邻居，和他们分享了一些自制的汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who visit science museums can connect classroom theories with practical examples from everyday life.",
    "zh": "参观科学博物馆的学生能够把课堂理论与日常生活中的实际例子联系起来。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "visit relatives｜探望亲戚",
   "pay a visit to｜拜访；参观",
   "a guided visit｜有导游陪同的参观"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "visitor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词visit后直接接宾语；名词用a visit to。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "visit"
 },
 {
  "w": "everyone",
  "uk": "/ˈevriwʌn/",
  "us": "/ˈevriwʌn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "每个人；所有人",
    "en": "Every person in a group, or all people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone brought a dish to share at the picnic.",
    "zh": "每个人都带了一道菜，在野餐时一起分享。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries should ensure that everyone can access reliable information, regardless of income or educational background.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆应确保每个人都能获取可靠信息，不论收入或教育背景如何。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "everyone else｜其他所有人",
   "almost everyone｜几乎所有人",
   "everyone involved｜所有相关人员"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "everybody"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "nobody",
   "no one"
  ],
  "tip": "everyone接单数谓语；every one强调逐个。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "everyone"
 },
 {
  "w": "wrong",
  "uk": "/rɒŋ/",
  "us": "/rɔːŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "错误的；不合适的",
    "en": "Not correct, accurate, or suitable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不道德的；不正当的",
    "en": "Not morally acceptable or fair."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "错误地；出差错地",
    "en": "In an incorrect way, or with an unsuccessful result."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I took the wrong bus and ended up near the airport.",
    "zh": "我坐错了公交车，结果到了机场附近。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It is wrong to deny children educational opportunities simply because their families cannot afford school fees.",
    "zh": "仅仅因为家庭付不起学费就剥夺儿童受教育的机会，是不正当的。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the wrong answer｜错误答案",
   "go wrong｜出问题",
   "get something wrong｜把某事弄错",
   "something is wrong with｜……出了问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wrongly (adv.)",
   "wrongful (adj.)",
   "wrongdoing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "incorrect",
   "mistaken"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "right",
   "correct"
  ],
  "tip": "go wrong表示出问题；wrong的词首w不发音。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wrong"
 },
 {
  "w": "problem",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒbləm/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːbləm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "问题；困难",
    "en": "a situation that causes difficulty and needs a solution"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "习题；待解答的问题",
    "en": "a question requiring thought or calculation to answer"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There's a problem with the kitchen tap: it keeps dripping.",
    "zh": "厨房的水龙头有问题：它一直滴水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traffic congestion is a growing problem that requires investment in reliable public transport rather than additional roads.",
    "zh": "交通拥堵是日益严重的问题，需要投资建设可靠的公共交通，而不是增建道路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "solve a problem｜解决问题",
   "a major problem｜重大问题",
   "a maths problem｜数学题",
   "a problem with｜……存在的问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "problematic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "difficulty",
   "issue"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "……有问题用a problem with；问题的解决办法用to。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "problem"
 },
 {
  "w": "uncle",
  "uk": "/ˈʌŋkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈʌŋkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "叔伯；舅舅；姑姨父",
    "en": "a parent's brother or an aunt's husband"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle taught me how to mend a bicycle.",
    "zh": "我叔叔教过我怎样修自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An uncle or aunt can provide valuable emotional support when parents are busy with work commitments.",
    "zh": "父母忙于工作时，叔伯姑姨等亲属可以提供宝贵的情感支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "maternal uncle｜舅舅",
   "paternal uncle｜伯父或叔父",
   "uncle and aunt｜叔伯姑姨等亲属"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "uncle不区分父母哪一方，也不区分长幼。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "uncle"
 },
 {
  "w": "key",
  "uk": "/kiː/",
  "us": "/kiː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钥匙",
    "en": "An object shaped to open or close a particular lock."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "关键；秘诀",
    "en": "Something essential for understanding or achieving something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "关键的；主要的",
    "en": "Extremely important to a situation or its outcome."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left my house key in my coat pocket.",
    "zh": "我把家门钥匙放在外套口袋里了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to reliable information is key to helping consumers make informed decisions about their health.",
    "zh": "获取可靠信息是帮助消费者就自身健康作出明智决定的关键。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a spare key｜备用钥匙",
   "the key to success｜成功的关键",
   "a key factor｜关键因素",
   "play a key role｜发挥关键作用"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "the key to中to是介词，后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "key"
 },
 {
  "w": "speak",
  "uk": "/spiːk/",
  "us": "/spiːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "说话；交谈",
    "en": "Use your voice to say words or communicate with someone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "会说；使用某种语言",
    "en": "Be able to communicate in a particular language."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发言；演讲",
    "en": "Address an audience about a subject."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could I speak to you after the lesson?",
    "zh": "下课后我能和你谈谈吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who speak more than one language may find it easier to communicate across cultural boundaries.",
    "zh": "会说多种语言的学生可能更容易进行跨文化交流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "speak fluently｜流利地说",
   "speak in public｜公开发言",
   "speak to someone｜与某人交谈",
   "speak up｜大声说；发表意见"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "speaker (n.)",
   "speech (n.)",
   "spoken (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "talk"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式spoke，过去分词spoken；语言前不用介词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "speak"
 },
 {
  "w": "read",
  "uk": "/riːd/",
  "us": "/riːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "阅读；读懂",
    "en": "to look at written words and understand their meaning"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "朗读",
    "en": "to say written words aloud"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "看懂；解读",
    "en": "to understand information shown by something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I read a few pages before bed every night.",
    "zh": "我每天晚上睡前都会读几页书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children who read regularly often develop stronger language skills and a broader understanding of the world.",
    "zh": "经常阅读的儿童通常能培养更强的语言能力，对世界也有更广泛的了解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "read aloud｜大声朗读",
   "read a map｜看地图",
   "read widely｜广泛阅读"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reader (n.)",
   "reading (n.)",
   "readable (adj.)",
   "unread (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "原形读/riːd/；过去式及过去分词读/red/。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "read"
 },
 {
  "w": "email",
  "uk": "/ˈiːmeɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈiːmeɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电子邮件；电子邮件通信",
    "en": "An electronic message, or the system used to send it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……发电子邮件",
    "en": "Send someone a message using email"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please email me the photos from our camping trip.",
    "zh": "请把我们露营旅行的照片通过电子邮件发给我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although email enables rapid communication, excessive messages can distract employees and reduce productivity at work.",
    "zh": "虽然电子邮件可以实现快速沟通，但过多的邮件会分散员工注意力，降低工作效率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "send an email｜发送电子邮件",
   "check your email｜查看电子邮件",
   "an email address｜电子邮箱地址",
   "by email｜通过电子邮件"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指一封邮件时可数；指通信方式时不可数，如by email。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "email"
 },
 {
  "w": "test",
  "uk": "/test/",
  "us": "/test/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "测验；测试；检查",
    "en": "a procedure that checks knowledge, ability, condition, or performance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "测验；检测；检验",
    "en": "to check what someone knows or how something performs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I have a spelling test at school tomorrow.",
    "zh": "我明天在学校有拼写测验。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must test new materials under different conditions before recommending their use in public buildings.",
    "zh": "研究人员必须在不同条件下测试新材料，才能建议将其用于公共建筑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a test｜参加测验",
   "blood test｜血液检查",
   "test a theory｜检验理论",
   "test results｜测试结果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "testing (n.)",
   "tester (n.)",
   "testable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "examination",
   "assessment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "参加测验用take a test；通过测验用pass a test。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "test"
 },
 {
  "w": "July",
  "uk": "/dʒuˈlaɪ/",
  "us": "/dʒuˈlaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "七月",
    "en": "The seventh month of the year, following June"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We usually visit our cousins for a week in July.",
    "zh": "我们通常在七月去表亲家住一周。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In many northern countries, tourism peaks in July, creating seasonal jobs but increasing pressure on local services.",
    "zh": "在许多北方国家，旅游业在七月达到高峰，创造了季节性岗位，却也增加了当地公共服务的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in July｜在七月",
   "early July｜七月初",
   "late July｜七月下旬",
   "by the end of July｜到七月底之前"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "月份首字母大写；表示在七月用in July。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "july"
 },
 {
  "w": "zero",
  "uk": "/ˈzɪərəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈzɪroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "零",
    "en": "The number representing no quantity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "零度；零点",
    "en": "The point marked as nothing on a measuring scale."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The temperature fell below zero while we were sleeping.",
    "zh": "我们睡觉时，气温降到了零度以下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Achieving zero carbon emissions will require substantial investment in renewable energy, public transport, and more efficient buildings.",
    "zh": "实现零碳排放需要对可再生能源、公共交通和能效更高的建筑进行大量投资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "below zero｜零度以下",
   "zero emissions｜零排放",
   "zero tolerance｜零容忍",
   "absolute zero｜绝对零度"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "读电话号码时零也常读作oh；温度用zero。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "zero"
 },
 {
  "w": "again",
  "uk": "/əˈɡen/",
  "us": "/əˈɡen/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "再一次；又",
    "en": "One more time, or on another occasion."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you say that again a little more slowly?",
    "zh": "你能再说一遍，稍微慢一点吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "If cities fail to address the causes of congestion, the same transport problems will occur again.",
    "zh": "如果城市不解决交通拥堵的成因，同样的交通问题就会再次出现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "try again｜再试一次",
   "once again｜再一次",
   "again and again｜一再；反复",
   "never again｜再也不"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "once more"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "again表示重复；again and again强调反复多次。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "again"
 },
 {
  "w": "hello",
  "uk": "/həˈləʊ/",
  "us": "/həˈloʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "int.",
    "zh": "你好；喂",
    "en": "used to greet someone or begin a phone conversation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "问候；招呼",
    "en": "a greeting spoken when meeting someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Hello, would you like to sit next to me?",
    "zh": "你好，你愿意坐在我旁边吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "A simple hello between neighbours can encourage social contact and help newcomers feel welcome in a community.",
    "zh": "邻里之间一句简单的问候就能促进交往，让新来者感受到社区的欢迎。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "say hello｜打招呼",
   "hello there｜你好呀",
   "a friendly hello｜友好的问候"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "hi"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "goodbye"
  ],
  "tip": "电话开头的hello可译为“喂”；say hello to表示向某人问好。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hello"
 },
 {
  "w": "people",
  "uk": "/ˈpiːpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpiːpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人；人们",
    "en": "Human beings considered together or referred to in general."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "民族",
    "en": "A group sharing a culture, history, or national identity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Several people were waiting outside the bakery this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早晨，有几个人在面包店外等候。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities should provide accessible public transport so that people of all ages can travel independently.",
    "zh": "城市应提供无障碍公共交通，让各年龄段的人都能独立出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local people｜当地人",
   "young people｜年轻人",
   "indigenous peoples｜原住民族",
   "people from all walks of life｜各行各业的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "person (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "persons",
   "individuals"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示人们时用people；peoples指多个民族。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "people"
 },
 {
  "w": "Canada",
  "uk": "/ˈkænədə/",
  "us": "/ˈkænədə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "加拿大",
    "en": "a country in North America, north of the United States"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin moved to Canada to study environmental science.",
    "zh": "我的表亲搬到加拿大去学习环境科学。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Canada attracts international students through its universities, although living costs vary considerably between cities.",
    "zh": "加拿大的大学吸引着国际学生，不过各城市的生活成本差异很大。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study in Canada｜在加拿大学习",
   "across Canada｜遍及加拿大",
   "move to Canada｜移居加拿大"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Canadian (adj.)",
   "Canadian (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "国名首字母大写，前面通常不加the。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "canada"
 },
 {
  "w": "monkey",
  "uk": "/ˈmʌŋki/",
  "us": "/ˈmʌŋki/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "猴子",
    "en": "A primate that usually has a tail and climbs trees."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A little monkey swung between branches above our heads.",
    "zh": "一只小猴子在我们头顶的树枝间荡来荡去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting tropical forests helps preserve monkey populations and the complex ecosystems on which they depend.",
    "zh": "保护热带森林有助于保护猴类种群及其赖以生存的复杂生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a troop of monkeys｜一群猴子",
   "wild monkeys｜野生猴子",
   "monkey around｜胡闹"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "monkey通常有尾巴；ape指猿类，通常无尾。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "monkey"
 },
 {
  "w": "sit",
  "uk": "/sɪt/",
  "us": "/sɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "坐；坐下",
    "en": "to rest with your weight supported by your bottom"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "位于；坐落于",
    "en": "to be in a particular place or position"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "参加考试",
    "en": "to take an examination"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Come and sit beside me on the garden bench.",
    "zh": "过来坐在花园长椅上，坐我旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who sit for long periods should take regular breaks to support their physical health.",
    "zh": "长时间坐着的学生应定期休息，以维护身体健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sit down｜坐下",
   "sit still｜坐着不动",
   "sit an exam｜参加考试",
   "sit beside someone｜坐在某人旁边"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sitting (n.)",
   "sitter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "stand"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为sat；现在分词为sitting。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sit"
 },
 {
  "w": "seat",
  "uk": "/siːt/",
  "us": "/siːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "座位",
    "en": "A place or object for someone to sit on."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使就座；容纳……就座",
    "en": "To provide a sitting place or have room for seated people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "议席；席位",
    "en": "A position as a member of an elected body."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She saved me a seat near the front.",
    "zh": "她在靠前的位置给我留了一个座位。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing more seats on public transport would make daily travel easier for older passengers and families.",
    "zh": "在公共交通工具上增加座位，会让老年乘客和家庭的日常出行更方便。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a seat｜坐下",
   "a window seat｜靠窗座位",
   "reserve a seat｜预订座位",
   "win a seat｜赢得议席"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "seating (n.)",
   "seated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sit是不及物动词；seat常接人，be seated表就座。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seat"
 },
 {
  "w": "cup",
  "uk": "/kʌp/",
  "us": "/kʌp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "杯子；一杯的量",
    "en": "A small drinking container, or the amount it holds."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奖杯",
    "en": "A decorative container awarded for winning a competition."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使呈杯状；捧住",
    "en": "To curve your hands into a hollow shape to hold something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I warmed my hands around a cup of tea.",
    "zh": "我双手捧着一杯茶取暖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Encouraging customers to bring a reusable cup can help cafés reduce waste from disposable packaging.",
    "zh": "鼓励顾客自带可重复使用的杯子，可以帮助咖啡馆减少一次性包装垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cup of tea｜一杯茶",
   "a reusable cup｜可重复使用的杯子",
   "win the cup｜赢得奖杯",
   "cup your hands｜将双手拢成杯状"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cupful (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a cup of后接饮品；cup作动词可表示用手捧住。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cup"
 },
 {
  "w": "film",
  "uk": "/fɪlm/",
  "us": "/fɪlm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电影",
    "en": "a story or events recorded as moving pictures"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拍摄",
    "en": "to record moving pictures using a camera"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "薄膜；胶卷",
    "en": "a thin layer, or material used to record photographs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a funny film after dinner yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天晚饭后，我们看了一部有趣的电影。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Documentary films can raise public awareness of environmental problems by showing their effects on local communities.",
    "zh": "纪录片可以通过展示环境问题对当地社区的影响，提高公众的环保意识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "watch a film｜看电影",
   "film industry｜电影业",
   "a thin film of oil｜一层薄薄的油膜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "filmmaker (n.)",
   "filming (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "movie"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示电影时，film偏英式，movie偏美式。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "film"
 },
 {
  "w": "America",
  "uk": "/əˈmerɪkə/",
  "us": "/əˈmerɪkə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "美国",
    "en": "the United States of America"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "美洲",
    "en": "North and South America considered together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin moved to America to study engineering.",
    "zh": "我的表亲搬到美国去学工程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many universities in America attract international students through their research facilities and diverse academic programmes.",
    "zh": "美国的许多大学凭借研究设施和多样化的学术课程吸引国际学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "North America｜北美洲",
   "South America｜南美洲",
   "across America｜遍及美国"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "American (adj.)",
   "American (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "日常多指美国；南北美洲合称常用the Americas。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "america"
 },
 {
  "w": "Monday",
  "uk": "/ˈmʌndeɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈmʌndeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "星期一",
    "en": "the day after Sunday and before Tuesday"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We usually buy fresh fruit at the market on Monday.",
    "zh": "我们通常在星期一去市场买新鲜水果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many employees find Monday mornings stressful because they must deal with tasks accumulated over the weekend.",
    "zh": "许多员工觉得星期一早上压力很大，因为他们必须处理周末积压的任务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on Monday｜在星期一",
   "Monday morning｜星期一早上",
   "every Monday｜每周一",
   "from Monday to Friday｜从星期一到星期五"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "星期首字母大写；用on Monday，但next Monday前不加on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "monday"
 },
 {
  "w": "Sweden",
  "uk": "/ˈswiːdən/",
  "us": "/ˈswiːdən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瑞典",
    "en": "a country in northern Europe, with Stockholm as its capital"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We travelled through Sweden by train last summer.",
    "zh": "去年夏天，我们乘火车游览了瑞典。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sweden is frequently discussed in international debates about public welfare, environmental policy, and the funding of education.",
    "zh": "在有关公共福利、环境政策和教育经费的国际讨论中，瑞典经常被提及。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "southern Sweden｜瑞典南部",
   "travel to Sweden｜前往瑞典旅行",
   "Sweden's capital｜瑞典首都"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Swedish (adj.)",
   "Swede (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "Sweden是瑞典；Switzerland才是瑞士。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sweden"
 },
 {
  "w": "else",
  "uk": "/els/",
  "us": "/els/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "其他；另外",
    "en": "In addition to or different from someone or something mentioned"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "否则；要不然",
    "en": "Used after or to introduce an alternative or consequence"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Would you like anything else with your soup?",
    "zh": "除了汤，你还想要点别的吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must improve public transport, or else growing traffic congestion may undermine the economic benefits of urban development.",
    "zh": "政府必须改善公共交通，否则日益严重的交通拥堵可能削弱城市发展带来的经济效益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "someone else｜其他人",
   "anything else｜其他东西",
   "what else｜还有什么",
   "or else｜否则"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "放在不定代词或疑问词后，如someone else。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "else"
 },
 {
  "w": "Portugal",
  "uk": "/ˈpɔːtʃʊɡəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpɔːrtʃəɡəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "葡萄牙",
    "en": "A country in southwestern Europe, west of Spain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We travelled along the coast of Portugal by train.",
    "zh": "我们乘火车沿葡萄牙海岸旅行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourism contributes to the economy of Portugal, but coastal development requires careful planning to protect natural habitats.",
    "zh": "旅游业为葡萄牙经济作出贡献，但沿海开发需要周密规划，以保护自然栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mainland Portugal｜葡萄牙本土",
   "northern Portugal｜葡萄牙北部",
   "the coast of Portugal｜葡萄牙海岸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Portuguese (adj.)",
   "Portuguese (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "国名前通常不加the；Portuguese指葡语或葡萄牙的。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "portugal"
 },
 {
  "w": "in",
  "uk": "/ɪn/",
  "us": "/ɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……里面；在……中",
    "en": "Inside a place, container, or larger area."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……期间；在……之后",
    "en": "During a period or after a stated amount of time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在里面；进入；在家",
    "en": "Inside a place, moving inside, or at home."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your keys are in the bowl beside the door.",
    "zh": "你的钥匙在门边的碗里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public libraries can help reduce educational inequality and strengthen connections within local communities.",
    "zh": "对公共图书馆的投资有助于减少教育不平等，并加强当地社区内部的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in advance｜提前",
   "in the morning｜在早上",
   "in public｜公开地；在公共场合",
   "in time｜及时"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "out"
  ],
  "tip": "in two days常指两天后；月份、年份前也用in。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "in"
 },
 {
  "w": "top",
  "uk": "/tɒp/",
  "us": "/tɑːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "顶部；顶端",
    "en": "the highest part or surface of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最高的；最好的",
    "en": "highest in position, rank, or quality"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "位居……之首；超过",
    "en": "to rank highest or be greater than something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She placed the star on top of the tree.",
    "zh": "她把那颗星星放在树顶上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving access to affordable housing should be a top priority for governments facing rapid urban population growth.",
    "zh": "对于面临城市人口快速增长的政府来说，改善居民获得可负担住房的机会应是首要任务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at the top of｜在……顶端",
   "top priority｜首要任务",
   "top marks｜最高分",
   "top the list｜位居榜首"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "bottom"
  ],
  "tip": "on top of指在上面；at the top of指在顶端。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "top"
 },
 {
  "w": "purple",
  "uk": "/ˈpɜːpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpɝːpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "紫色的",
    "en": "Having a colour made by mixing red and blue"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "紫色",
    "en": "A colour between red and blue"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He wore a purple scarf with his grey coat.",
    "zh": "他穿着灰色外套，围了一条紫色围巾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Garden designers often combine purple flowers with yellow varieties to create a striking visual contrast.",
    "zh": "花园设计师常将紫色花卉与黄色品种搭配，形成鲜明的视觉反差。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dark purple｜深紫色",
   "pale purple｜浅紫色",
   "purple flowers｜紫色花朵"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "purplish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "purple可作形容词或名词；purplish表示“略带紫色的”。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "purple"
 },
 {
  "w": "bottle",
  "uk": "/ˈbɒtl/",
  "us": "/ˈbɑːtl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瓶子；一瓶的量",
    "en": "A narrow-necked container for liquids, or the amount it holds."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把……装瓶",
    "en": "To put a liquid into bottles for storage or sale."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She filled her water bottle before leaving the house.",
    "zh": "她出门前把水瓶装满了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing a reusable bottle instead of disposable plastic containers can help reduce waste in cities.",
    "zh": "选择可重复使用的瓶子而非一次性塑料容器，有助于减少城市垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bottle of water｜一瓶水",
   "reusable bottle｜可重复使用的瓶子",
   "bottle cap｜瓶盖",
   "bottled water｜瓶装水"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bottled (adj.)",
   "bottling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a bottle of water是一瓶水；water bottle是水瓶。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bottle"
 },
 {
  "w": "June",
  "uk": "/dʒuːn/",
  "us": "/dʒuːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "六月",
    "en": "The sixth month of the year, between May and July."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister is getting married in June this year.",
    "zh": "我姐姐今年六月要结婚了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The community centre will open in June, providing local residents with affordable exercise classes.",
    "zh": "社区中心将于六月开放，为当地居民提供价格实惠的健身课程。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in June｜在六月",
   "early June｜六月上旬",
   "by the end of June｜到六月底为止"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "月份首字母大写；在六月用in June。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "june"
 },
 {
  "w": "turn",
  "uk": "/tɜːn/",
  "us": "/tɝːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "转动；转向",
    "en": "Move around a centre or change direction."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变得；变成",
    "en": "Change to a different state, colour, or condition."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轮到的机会；轮次",
    "en": "An opportunity to do something in an agreed order."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Turn the handle gently and pull the door towards you.",
    "zh": "轻轻转动把手，然后朝自己这边拉门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As populations age, governments must turn their attention to accessible housing and community healthcare.",
    "zh": "随着人口老龄化，政府必须将注意力转向无障碍住房和社区医疗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "turn left｜向左转",
   "turn red｜变红",
   "take turns｜轮流",
   "turn into｜变成"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "turning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示变得时，turn后接形容词；turn into后接名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "turn"
 },
 {
  "w": "piece",
  "uk": "/piːs/",
  "us": "/piːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "块；片；件",
    "en": "a part of something or a single item"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文章；艺术作品",
    "en": "a work of writing, music, or art"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拼合；拼凑",
    "en": "to join separate parts to make something complete"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She saved the last piece of cake for her brother.",
    "zh": "她把最后一块蛋糕留给了弟弟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each piece of evidence should be carefully assessed before researchers draw conclusions about environmental change.",
    "zh": "研究人员在对环境变化作出结论前，应仔细评估每一项证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a piece of advice｜一条建议",
   "a piece of equipment｜一件设备",
   "a piece of music｜一首乐曲",
   "piece together｜拼凑；拼合"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a piece of可量化advice等不可数名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "piece"
 },
 {
  "w": "pink",
  "uk": "/pɪŋk/",
  "us": "/pɪŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "粉红色的",
    "en": "having a pale red colour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "粉红色",
    "en": "a colour made by mixing red with white"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tree outside our window has pink flowers.",
    "zh": "我们窗外的树开着粉红色的花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Designers often use soft colours such as pink to create a welcoming atmosphere in children's healthcare facilities.",
    "zh": "设计师常用粉红色等柔和色彩，为儿童医疗机构营造温馨的氛围。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pale pink｜浅粉色",
   "bright pink｜亮粉色",
   "turn pink｜变成粉红色"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pinkish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pink既可作形容词，也可作名词表示粉红色。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pink"
 },
 {
  "w": "lesson",
  "uk": "/ˈlesən/",
  "us": "/ˈlesən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "课；一节课",
    "en": "A period of teaching or learning a particular subject."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "教训；经验",
    "en": "Something useful learned from an experience, especially a mistake."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our swimming lesson starts after school on Thursday.",
    "zh": "我们的游泳课在周四放学后开始。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A key lesson from previous environmental policies is that effective regulation requires consistent monitoring and public support.",
    "zh": "以往环境政策带来的一条重要经验是，有效监管需要持续监测和公众支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take lessons｜上课学习",
   "piano lesson｜钢琴课",
   "learn a lesson｜吸取教训",
   "a valuable lesson｜宝贵的经验"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "learn a lesson常指吸取教训，不只是学习课程。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lesson"
 },
 {
  "w": "garden",
  "uk": "/ˈɡɑːdən/",
  "us": "/ˈɡɑːrdən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "花园；菜园",
    "en": "an area of land where flowers or vegetables are grown"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "从事园艺",
    "en": "to grow and care for plants in a garden"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We picked fresh beans from the garden before lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭前，我们从菜园里摘了新鲜的豆角。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community gardens can strengthen neighbourhood relationships while giving urban residents access to fresh vegetables and green space.",
    "zh": "社区花园既能加强邻里关系，又能让城市居民获得新鲜蔬菜和绿色空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vegetable garden｜菜园",
   "community garden｜社区花园",
   "botanical garden｜植物园",
   "garden tools｜园艺工具"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gardener (n.)",
   "gardening (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式garden可指住宅庭院；美式常用yard。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "garden"
 },
 {
  "w": "geography",
  "uk": "/dʒiˈɒɡrəfi/",
  "us": "/dʒiˈɑːɡrəfi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地理学",
    "en": "the study of Earth's places, environments, and human activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地理特征；地形",
    "en": "the physical features and arrangement of a particular area"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "In geography today, we learned how rivers shape valleys.",
    "zh": "今天的地理课上，我们学习了河流如何塑造河谷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The geography of coastal regions influences settlement patterns and determines how communities respond to rising sea levels.",
    "zh": "沿海地区的地理特征影响聚居格局，并决定当地社区如何应对海平面上升。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "physical geography｜自然地理学",
   "human geography｜人文地理学",
   "study geography｜学习地理"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "geographer (n.)",
   "geographical (adj.)",
   "geographically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "geography是地理学；geology是地质学。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "geography"
 },
 {
  "w": "salt",
  "uk": "/sɔːlt/",
  "us": "/sɔlt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盐；食盐",
    "en": "a white substance used to flavour or preserve food"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……加盐；用盐腌",
    "en": "to add salt to food or preserve it with salt"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please pass the salt before the soup gets cold.",
    "zh": "趁汤还没凉，请把盐递过来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing salt intake is an effective way to lower the risk of high blood pressure.",
    "zh": "减少盐的摄入量是降低高血压风险的有效方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pinch of salt｜一小撮盐",
   "salt intake｜盐摄入量",
   "sea salt｜海盐",
   "add salt｜加盐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "salty (adj.)",
   "salted (adj.)",
   "unsalted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "食盐通常不可数；“一小撮盐”用a pinch of salt。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "salt"
 },
 {
  "w": "until",
  "uk": "/ənˈtɪl/",
  "us": "/ənˈtɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "直到……为止",
    "en": "Up to a particular time or event."
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "直到……时",
    "en": "Up to the time when something happens."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We waited outside until the rain finally stopped.",
    "zh": "我们在外面一直等到雨终于停了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should continue supporting renewable energy until cleaner technologies become affordable for the majority of households.",
    "zh": "政府应持续支持可再生能源，直到大多数家庭都能负担得起更清洁的技术。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "until recently｜直到最近",
   "until further notice｜直至另行通知",
   "not until｜直到……才"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "till"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "until强调持续到某时；by强调不迟于某时。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "until"
 },
 {
  "w": "each",
  "uk": "/iːtʃ/",
  "us": "/iːtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "每个；各个",
    "en": "Every individual member of a group, considered separately."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "每一个；各自",
    "en": "Every person or thing in a group, taken separately."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "每人；每个",
    "en": "For every individual person or thing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each child carried a small basket into the garden.",
    "zh": "每个孩子都提着一个小篮子走进花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each household can reduce its environmental impact by conserving water and choosing products with less packaging.",
    "zh": "每个家庭都可以通过节约用水和选择包装较少的产品来减少对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "each student｜每个学生",
   "each of us｜我们每个人",
   "each time｜每次",
   "each other｜彼此"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "every"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "each后接单数名词；each of后接复数名词或代词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "each"
 },
 {
  "w": "women",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪmɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪmɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成年女性（复数）",
    "en": "More than one adult female person."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Three women were planting flowers in the shared garden.",
    "zh": "三位女性正在公共花园里种花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Equal access to education enables more women to pursue careers in science and technology.",
    "zh": "平等的受教育机会使更多女性能够从事科技领域的职业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "women's health｜女性健康",
   "women's rights｜女性权利",
   "women in leadership｜担任领导职务的女性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "woman (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "woman的复数；首音节读/wɪ/，不是/wʊ/。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "women"
 },
 {
  "w": "feeling",
  "uk": "/ˈfiːlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈfiːlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "情绪；感受",
    "en": "An emotional state or response to something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "知觉；身体感觉",
    "en": "A physical sensation or the ability to sense touch"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "直觉；看法",
    "en": "An impression or belief not necessarily supported by evidence"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A feeling of relief washed over me after the exam.",
    "zh": "考试结束后，我顿时感到如释重负。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A strong feeling of belonging can improve students' confidence and encourage participation in school activities.",
    "zh": "强烈的归属感可以增强学生的自信，并鼓励他们参与学校活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a feeling of relief｜如释重负的感觉",
   "hurt someone's feelings｜伤害某人的感情",
   "lose feeling｜失去知觉",
   "mixed feelings｜复杂的心情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "feel (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "emotion",
   "sensation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "feelings常指感情；have a feeling that表示直觉。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "feeling"
 },
 {
  "w": "bath",
  "uk": "/bɑːθ/",
  "us": "/bæθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洗澡；泡澡",
    "en": "Washing your body while sitting or lying in water."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "浴缸",
    "en": "A large container that you fill with water for washing yourself."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A warm bath helped me relax after the hike.",
    "zh": "徒步之后，泡个温水澡让我放松了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Taking shorter showers instead of a daily bath can reduce household water consumption significantly.",
    "zh": "用较短时间的淋浴代替每天泡澡，可以显著减少家庭用水量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have a bath｜洗澡",
   "take a bath｜洗澡",
   "run a bath｜给浴缸放水",
   "hot bath｜热水澡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bathe (v.)",
   "bathtub (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常说have a bath；美式常说take a bath。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bath"
 },
 {
  "w": "nine",
  "uk": "/naɪn/",
  "us": "/naɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "九",
    "en": "The number after eight and before ten."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We packed nine apples for our picnic today.",
    "zh": "我们为今天的野餐装了九个苹果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The survey found that nine local schools had introduced cycling lessons to encourage more sustainable travel.",
    "zh": "调查发现，当地九所学校已开设骑行课程，以鼓励更可持续的出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nine o'clock｜九点钟",
   "nine times out of ten｜十有八九",
   "nine months｜九个月"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ninth (num.)",
   "nineteen (num.)",
   "ninety (num.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nine是基数词；序数词第九写作ninth。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nine"
 },
 {
  "w": "twelve",
  "uk": "/twelv/",
  "us": "/twelv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "十二",
    "en": "the number after eleven and before thirteen"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There are twelve fresh eggs in this carton.",
    "zh": "这个蛋盒里有十二枚新鲜鸡蛋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The training programme lasts twelve weeks and combines practical experience with classroom instruction for young adults.",
    "zh": "这项培训为期十二周，为年轻成年人提供实践经验与课堂教学相结合的学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "twelve months｜十二个月",
   "twelve o'clock｜十二点",
   "twelve years old｜十二岁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "twelfth (num.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "twelve是基数词；序数词twelfth拼写有变化。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "twelve"
 },
 {
  "w": "moment",
  "uk": "/ˈməʊmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈmoʊmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "片刻；一会儿",
    "en": "A very short period of time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "时刻；时机",
    "en": "A particular point in time, sometimes especially important."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Wait a moment while I put my shoes on.",
    "zh": "等一会儿，我穿上鞋就好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The opening of the new railway marked a significant moment in the region's economic development.",
    "zh": "新铁路的开通标志着该地区经济发展中的一个重要时刻。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at the moment｜目前；此刻",
   "in a moment｜马上；一会儿后",
   "a brief moment｜短暂的一瞬",
   "a turning point moment｜转折时刻"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "momentary (adj.)",
   "momentarily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "instant"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "at the moment指现在；in a moment指马上。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "moment"
 },
 {
  "w": "want",
  "uk": "/wɒnt/",
  "us": "/wɑːnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "想要；希望",
    "en": "To desire something or wish for something to happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缺乏；贫困",
    "en": "A lack of something needed, especially basic necessities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I want to grow tomatoes on our balcony.",
    "zh": "我想在我们的阳台上种番茄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many young adults want governments to invest more in affordable housing rather than expensive urban redevelopment projects.",
    "zh": "许多年轻人希望政府更多投资于可负担住房，而不是昂贵的城市重建项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "want to do something｜想做某事",
   "want someone to do something｜想让某人做某事",
   "for want of｜由于缺少"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wanted (adj.)",
   "unwanted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wish",
   "desire"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用want to do或want sb to do，不用want doing表想做。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "want"
 },
 {
  "w": "England",
  "uk": "/ˈɪŋɡlənd/",
  "us": "/ˈɪŋɡlənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英格兰",
    "en": "A country forming part of the United Kingdom."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin lives in a quiet village in England.",
    "zh": "我的表亲住在英格兰一个安静的村庄里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historic towns in England attract international visitors, creating jobs while increasing pressure on local infrastructure.",
    "zh": "英格兰的历史城镇吸引着国际游客，既创造了就业机会，也增加了当地基础设施的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "southern England｜英格兰南部",
   "the north of England｜英格兰北部",
   "travel to England｜前往英格兰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "English (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "England仅指英格兰，不等于整个英国。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "england"
 },
 {
  "w": "think",
  "uk": "/θɪŋk/",
  "us": "/θɪŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "认为；觉得",
    "en": "To have an opinion or belief about something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "思考；考虑",
    "en": "To use your mind to consider ideas or solve problems."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I think this soup needs a little more salt.",
    "zh": "我觉得这汤需要再加一点盐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some people think that schools should devote more time to practical skills rather than examination preparation.",
    "zh": "一些人认为，学校应将更多时间用于实用技能，而不是备考。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "think about｜思考；考虑",
   "think of｜想到",
   "think carefully｜仔细思考",
   "think critically｜批判性思考"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thought (n.)",
   "thinker (n.)",
   "thinking (n.)",
   "thoughtful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "believe",
   "consider"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式、过去分词均为thought；认为时通常不用进行时。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "think"
 },
 {
  "w": "another",
  "uk": "/əˈnʌðə/",
  "us": "/əˈnʌðɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "又一；另一",
    "en": "one more, or a different one"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "另一个；再一个",
    "en": "one more person or thing, or a different one"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This cup is cracked, so please bring me another.",
    "zh": "这个杯子裂了，请再给我拿一个。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Another reason to invest in public transport is its potential to reduce urban air pollution.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通的另一个理由是，它有望减少城市空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "another chance｜再一次机会",
   "another option｜另一个选择",
   "one after another｜一个接一个",
   "another two days｜再过两天"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常接单数名词；another two days表示再两天。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "another"
 },
 {
  "w": "building",
  "uk": "/ˈbɪldɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈbɪldɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "建筑物；楼房",
    "en": "a structure with walls and a roof"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "建筑；建造",
    "en": "the activity of constructing houses or other structures"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our apartment building has a garden on the roof.",
    "zh": "我们住的公寓楼屋顶上有一个花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving insulation in older buildings can reduce energy consumption and lower heating costs for residents.",
    "zh": "改善老旧建筑的隔热性能可以减少能源消耗，降低居民的取暖费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "office building｜办公楼",
   "building materials｜建筑材料",
   "building site｜建筑工地",
   "historic building｜历史建筑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "build (v.)",
   "builder (n.)",
   "rebuild (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指建筑物时可数，指建造活动时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "building"
 },
 {
  "w": "sunny",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌni/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "阳光充足的；晴朗的",
    "en": "having plenty of bright sunlight"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "开朗的；乐观的",
    "en": "cheerful and positive in character or mood"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We ate breakfast on the sunny balcony this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，我们在阳光充足的阳台上吃了早餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regions with sunny climates can generate substantial amounts of electricity through well-planned solar energy projects.",
    "zh": "阳光充足的地区可以通过规划合理的太阳能项目产生大量电力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sunny weather｜晴朗的天气",
   "sunny day｜晴天",
   "sunny spot｜阳光充足的地方",
   "sunny disposition｜开朗的性格"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sun (n.)",
   "sunshine (n.)",
   "sunless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bright",
   "sunlit"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cloudy",
   "overcast"
  ],
  "tip": "sunny强调阳光足，不一定表示气温高。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sunny"
 },
 {
  "w": "swim",
  "uk": "/swɪm/",
  "us": "/swɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "游泳；游过",
    "en": "To move through water using your body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一次游泳",
    "en": "An occasion when you move through water for exercise or pleasure."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We swim in the indoor pool every Saturday morning.",
    "zh": "我们每周六早上都在室内泳池游泳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach children to swim because this essential skill improves both physical fitness and water safety.",
    "zh": "学校应教孩子游泳，因为这项基本技能既能增强体能，又能提高水上安全性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go for a swim｜去游泳",
   "learn to swim｜学习游泳",
   "swim across｜游过"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "swimmer (n.)",
   "swimming (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不规则变化：swim—swam—swum。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "swim"
 },
 {
  "w": "science",
  "uk": "/ˈsaɪəns/",
  "us": "/ˈsaɪəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "科学；自然科学",
    "en": "Study of the natural world through observation and experiments"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "科学学科",
    "en": "A particular field of study using scientific methods"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We grew tiny crystals in our science class today.",
    "zh": "今天的科学课上，我们培育了微小的晶体。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in science can help countries develop cleaner energy sources and improve public health.",
    "zh": "科学投入能帮助各国开发更清洁的能源，并改善公共健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "science education｜科学教育",
   "natural sciences｜自然科学",
   "advances in science｜科学进展",
   "computer science｜计算机科学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scientist (n.)",
   "scientific (adj.)",
   "scientifically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指科学通常不可数；指具体学科可用a science。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "science"
 },
 {
  "w": "snow",
  "uk": "/snəʊ/",
  "us": "/snoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雪；积雪",
    "en": "Soft white frozen flakes falling from clouds or covering the ground."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "下雪",
    "en": "For snow to fall from the sky."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fresh snow covered the garden when we woke up.",
    "zh": "我们醒来时，新下的雪覆盖了花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Heavy snow can disrupt public transport and prevent rural communities from accessing essential services.",
    "zh": "大雪可能扰乱公共交通，使农村社区无法获得基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heavy snow｜大雪",
   "fresh snow｜新下的雪",
   "snow heavily｜下大雪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "snowy (adj.)",
   "snowfall (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "snow作名词通常不可数；下雪用it snows。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "snow"
 },
 {
  "w": "forget",
  "uk": "/fəˈɡet/",
  "us": "/fərˈɡet/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "忘记；记不起",
    "en": "to fail to remember a fact, person, or experience"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "忘记做；忘带",
    "en": "to fail to do or bring something through not remembering"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I always forget where I put my reading glasses.",
    "zh": "我总是忘记把老花镜放在哪里了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may quickly forget new vocabulary unless they review it regularly and use it in meaningful contexts.",
    "zh": "如果学生不定期复习新词，并在有意义的语境中运用，就可能很快忘记。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "forget to do something｜忘记做某事",
   "forget about｜忘记；不再考虑",
   "completely forget｜完全忘记"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "forgot (v.)",
   "forgotten (v.)",
   "forgetful (adj.)",
   "forgettable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "remember",
   "recall"
  ],
  "tip": "forget to do忘记去做；forget doing忘记做过。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "forget"
 },
 {
  "w": "slowly",
  "uk": "/ˈsləʊli/",
  "us": "/ˈsloʊli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "缓慢地；慢慢地",
    "en": "At a low speed or over a long time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She slowly poured the hot soup into bowls.",
    "zh": "她慢慢地把热汤倒进碗里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although public attitudes are changing slowly, more consumers are choosing products with less plastic packaging.",
    "zh": "尽管公众观念改变得较慢，但越来越多的消费者正在选择塑料包装更少的产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "move slowly｜缓慢移动",
   "speak slowly｜慢慢说",
   "slowly but surely｜缓慢而稳步地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "slow (adj.)",
   "slow (v.)",
   "slowness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unhurriedly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "quickly",
   "rapidly"
  ],
  "tip": "slowly是副词，修饰动作；slow通常作形容词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slowly"
 },
 {
  "w": "flat",
  "uk": "/flæt/",
  "us": "/flæt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公寓；一套住房",
    "en": "a set of rooms forming a home within a building"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "平的；平坦的",
    "en": "level and smooth, without raised or curved parts"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "瘪了的；没气的",
    "en": "having too little air inside, especially a tyre"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We rent a small flat above a busy bakery.",
    "zh": "我们在一家生意兴隆的面包店楼上租了一套小公寓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building affordable flats near public transport could reduce commuting costs for many urban workers.",
    "zh": "在公共交通设施附近建造价格合理的公寓，可以降低许多城市工作者的通勤成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rent a flat｜租公寓",
   "flat surface｜平坦的表面",
   "flat tyre｜瘪了的轮胎"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flatten (v.)",
   "flatness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "apartment",
   "level"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uneven"
  ],
  "tip": "“公寓”英式常用 flat，美式常用 apartment。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flat"
 },
 {
  "w": "glasses",
  "uk": "/ˈɡlɑːsɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈɡlæsɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "眼镜",
    "en": "Two lenses in a frame worn to improve sight."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "玻璃杯（复数）",
    "en": "Containers made of glass, usually used for drinking."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left my glasses beside the bed last night.",
    "zh": "我昨晚把眼镜落在床边了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular eye examinations help students obtain suitable glasses, allowing them to read comfortably and participate fully in lessons.",
    "zh": "定期眼部检查有助于学生配到合适的眼镜，让他们舒适阅读并充分参与课堂。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of glasses｜一副眼镜",
   "wear glasses｜戴眼镜",
   "reading glasses｜老花镜",
   "drinking glasses｜饮水玻璃杯"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "glass (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "spectacles"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指眼镜时用复数；一副眼镜用a pair of glasses。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glasses"
 },
 {
  "w": "special",
  "uk": "/ˈspeʃəl/",
  "us": "/ˈspeʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "特别的；特殊的",
    "en": "Different from usual, often in an important or valued way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "专门的；专用的",
    "en": "Intended for a particular purpose or person."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "特价品；特色菜",
    "en": "A specially priced product or a featured restaurant dish."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We saved this special cake for your birthday.",
    "zh": "我们把这个特别的蛋糕留到了你生日时享用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should provide special equipment so that students with disabilities can participate fully in classroom activities.",
    "zh": "学校应提供专用设备，让残障学生能够充分参与课堂活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "special occasion｜特别的场合",
   "special offer｜特价优惠",
   "special equipment｜专用设备",
   "special attention｜特别关注"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "specially (adv.)",
   "specialise (v.)",
   "specialist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "particular",
   "exceptional"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ordinary"
  ],
  "tip": "specially强调专门；especially常表示尤其。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "special"
 },
 {
  "w": "plant",
  "uk": "/plɑːnt/",
  "us": "/plænt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "植物",
    "en": "a living thing that usually grows in soil and has leaves"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "种植；栽种",
    "en": "to put seeds or young plants into soil to grow"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工厂；工业设施",
    "en": "a factory or facility where industrial processes take place"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This little plant needs more sunlight and less water.",
    "zh": "这株小植物需要更多阳光和更少的水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should plant more trees to improve air quality and provide shade in crowded neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "地方政府应多种树，以改善空气质量，并为人口密集的社区提供绿荫。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "water a plant｜给植物浇水",
   "plant trees｜种树",
   "power plant｜发电厂",
   "manufacturing plant｜制造厂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "planting (n.)",
   "planter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "plant可指植物或工厂；作动词时常表示种植。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plant"
 },
 {
  "w": "meat",
  "uk": "/miːt/",
  "us": "/miːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肉；食用肉类",
    "en": "The flesh of animals eaten as food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We keep raw meat separate from vegetables in the fridge.",
    "zh": "我们把生肉和蔬菜分开放在冰箱里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing meat consumption may lower the environmental impact of food production in many countries.",
    "zh": "在许多国家，减少肉类消费可能降低食品生产对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "raw meat｜生肉",
   "lean meat｜瘦肉",
   "red meat｜红肉",
   "meat consumption｜肉类消费"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "meaty (adj.)",
   "meatless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指食用肉时不可数；meats指不同种类的肉。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meat"
 },
 {
  "w": "swimming",
  "uk": "/ˈswɪmɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈswɪmɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "游泳",
    "en": "The activity of moving through water using your body."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We go swimming at the indoor pool every Saturday.",
    "zh": "我们每周六都去室内泳池游泳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular swimming can improve physical fitness while placing relatively little stress on the joints.",
    "zh": "经常游泳可以增强体质，同时对关节造成的压力相对较小。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go swimming｜去游泳",
   "swimming pool｜游泳池",
   "swimming lessons｜游泳课"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "swim (v.)",
   "swimmer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示运动时不可数；去游泳用go swimming。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "swimming"
 },
 {
  "w": "grass",
  "uk": "/ɡrɑːs/",
  "us": "/ɡræs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "草；草地",
    "en": "A low plant with narrow green leaves covering the ground."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spread a blanket on the grass beside the river.",
    "zh": "我们在河边的草地上铺了一条毯子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing natural grass with artificial surfaces can reduce habitats for insects and increase local temperatures.",
    "zh": "用人造地面取代天然草地可能减少昆虫的栖息地，并使当地气温升高。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cut the grass｜割草",
   "a blade of grass｜一片草叶",
   "long grass｜长草",
   "wet grass｜湿草地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grassy (adj.)",
   "grassland (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；一片草叶用a blade of grass。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grass"
 },
 {
  "w": "teach",
  "uk": "/tiːtʃ/",
  "us": "/tiːtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "教；教授；教导",
    "en": "Help someone learn knowledge, skills, or ways of behaving"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt taught me how to mend a shirt.",
    "zh": "姑姑教会了我如何缝补衬衫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach children how to evaluate online information rather than simply memorise facts.",
    "zh": "学校应教孩子如何评估网上的信息，而非只是死记事实。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "teach a subject｜教授一门学科",
   "teach someone to swim｜教某人游泳",
   "teach a lesson｜授课；给以教训"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "teacher (n.)",
   "teaching (n.)",
   "teachable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "instruct",
   "educate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为taught；教某人做用teach sb to do。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "teach"
 },
 {
  "w": "Switzerland",
  "uk": "/ˈswɪtsələnd/",
  "us": "/ˈswɪtsərlənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瑞士",
    "en": "a country in central Europe known for the Alps"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We travelled through Switzerland by train during our holiday.",
    "zh": "假期里，我们乘火车游览了瑞士。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Switzerland demonstrates how reliable rail networks can support tourism while reducing dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "瑞士展示了可靠的铁路网络如何在支持旅游业的同时减少对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "visit Switzerland｜游览瑞士",
   "in Switzerland｜在瑞士",
   "travel to Switzerland｜前往瑞士"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Swiss (adj.)",
   "Swiss (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "Switzerland 是瑞士，Sweden 是瑞典；瑞士的用 Swiss。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "switzerland"
 },
 {
  "w": "carry",
  "uk": "/ˈkæri/",
  "us": "/ˈkæri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拿；提；搬运",
    "en": "Hold or support something while moving it somewhere"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "随身携带",
    "en": "Have something with you wherever you go"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "传播；携带病菌",
    "en": "Contain and potentially pass on a disease or infection"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you carry this heavy bag upstairs for me?",
    "zh": "你能帮我把这个沉重的袋子拿上楼吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reusable bottles allow commuters to carry drinking water without purchasing disposable plastic containers every day.",
    "zh": "可重复使用的水瓶让通勤者能随身带水，无须每天购买一次性塑料容器。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "carry a bag｜提包",
   "carry passengers｜运送乘客",
   "carry a virus｜携带病毒",
   "carry out research｜开展研究"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "carrier (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "carry强调携带或搬运；bring和take还体现方向。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "carry"
 },
 {
  "w": "hair",
  "uk": "/heə/",
  "us": "/her/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "头发；毛发",
    "en": "Thin strands growing on the skin of people and animals."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一根头发；一根毛",
    "en": "A single strand growing from skin."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She tied her hair back before making lunch.",
    "zh": "她做午饭前把头发扎了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some workplaces are relaxing rules about hair and clothing to create a more inclusive environment.",
    "zh": "一些工作场所正在放宽对发型和服装的规定，以营造更包容的环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "brush your hair｜梳头",
   "have your hair cut｜理发",
   "a strand of hair｜一缕头发",
   "hair loss｜脱发"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hairy (adj.)",
   "hairless (adj.)",
   "hairdresser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "整体头发不可数；一根头发用a hair。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hair"
 },
 {
  "w": "green",
  "uk": "/ɡriːn/",
  "us": "/ɡriːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "绿色的",
    "en": "Having the colour of grass and most leaves."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "环保的",
    "en": "Causing little harm to the environment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "绿色",
    "en": "The colour of grass and most leaves."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wore a green jacket to match her shoes.",
    "zh": "她穿了一件绿色夹克来搭配鞋子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments can encourage green transport by improving public services and building safer routes for cyclists.",
    "zh": "政府可以通过改善公共服务和修建更安全的自行车道来鼓励绿色出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "green vegetables｜绿色蔬菜",
   "green energy｜绿色能源",
   "green spaces｜绿地",
   "go green｜采取环保生活方式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "greenish (adj.)",
   "greenness (n.)",
   "greenery (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "除颜色外，green常表示环保；形容人还可指缺乏经验。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "green"
 },
 {
  "w": "call",
  "uk": "/kɔːl/",
  "us": "/kɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打电话；呼叫",
    "en": "To telephone someone or shout to get their attention."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "称呼；把…叫作",
    "en": "To give someone or something a particular name."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电话；呼吁",
    "en": "A telephone conversation or a public request for action."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'll call you when I get home tonight.",
    "zh": "今晚到家后我会给你打电话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental groups call for stricter regulations to reduce plastic waste entering rivers and oceans.",
    "zh": "环保团体呼吁制定更严格的法规，减少流入河流和海洋的塑料垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a call｜打电话",
   "call for action｜呼吁采取行动",
   "call someone back｜给某人回电话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "caller (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "call sb表示给某人打电话，不加to。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "call"
 },
 {
  "w": "cheese",
  "uk": "/tʃiːz/",
  "us": "/tʃiːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奶酪；干酪",
    "en": "A food made by pressing or ripening the solids of milk."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I added some cheese to my warm vegetable sandwich.",
    "zh": "我在热乎乎的蔬菜三明治里加了些奶酪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although cheese provides protein and calcium, some varieties contain high levels of salt and saturated fat.",
    "zh": "虽然奶酪能提供蛋白质和钙，但有些品种的盐和饱和脂肪含量较高。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a slice of cheese｜一片奶酪",
   "grated cheese｜奶酪碎",
   "cream cheese｜奶油奶酪",
   "cheese sandwich｜奶酪三明治"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cheesy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；一块奶酪用a piece of cheese。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cheese"
 },
 {
  "w": "long",
  "uk": "/lɒŋ/",
  "us": "/lɔːŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "长的；长时间的",
    "en": "Extending a great distance or lasting a great time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "长时间地；很久",
    "en": "For a great amount of time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "渴望；盼望",
    "en": "To want something very strongly, especially something unavailable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her long scarf nearly touched the wet pavement.",
    "zh": "她的长围巾差点碰到湿漉漉的人行道。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Long commuting times can reduce workers' leisure opportunities and negatively affect their overall quality of life.",
    "zh": "长时间通勤会减少劳动者的休闲机会，并对其整体生活质量产生负面影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a long time｜很长时间",
   "long hours｜长时间的工作",
   "long for｜渴望",
   "long to do something｜渴望做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "length (n.)",
   "lengthen (v.)",
   "lengthy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "short"
  ],
  "tip": "动词long后接for加名词，或to加动词原形。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "long"
 },
 {
  "w": "meeting",
  "uk": "/ˈmiːtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈmiːtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "会议",
    "en": "an occasion when people gather to discuss something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "会面；碰面",
    "en": "an occasion when people come together, by arrangement or chance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our team meeting starts right after lunch today.",
    "zh": "我们团队今天午饭后马上开会。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular meetings between teachers and parents can help identify learning difficulties at an early stage.",
    "zh": "教师与家长定期会面有助于及早发现学习困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hold a meeting｜召开会议",
   "attend a meeting｜参加会议",
   "arrange a meeting｜安排会面",
   "staff meeting｜员工会议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "meet (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gathering"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "参加会议用attend a meeting；meeting也可指会面。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meeting"
 },
 {
  "w": "waiter",
  "uk": "/ˈweɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈweɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "餐厅服务员；男侍者",
    "en": "A person, traditionally male, who serves food in a restaurant"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The waiter brought our soup and two warm rolls.",
    "zh": "服务员端来了我们的汤和两个热乎乎的小面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-trained waiter can improve the dining experience by responding patiently to customers with different needs.",
    "zh": "训练有素的服务员可以耐心回应不同顾客的需求，提升用餐体验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "work as a waiter｜当餐厅服务员",
   "head waiter｜餐厅领班",
   "ask the waiter｜询问服务员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "waitress (n.)",
   "wait (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "server"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "waiter传统上指男服务员；server更不强调性别。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "waiter"
 },
 {
  "w": "bank",
  "uk": "/bæŋk/",
  "us": "/bæŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "银行",
    "en": "an organisation that holds money and provides financial services"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "河岸；湖岸",
    "en": "land along the edge of a river or lake"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把钱存入银行",
    "en": "put money into an account at a bank"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I went to the bank to open an account.",
    "zh": "我去银行开了一个账户。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Banks can support local economic development by offering affordable loans to small businesses and new entrepreneurs.",
    "zh": "银行可以向小企业和初创创业者提供低成本贷款，以支持当地经济发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bank account｜银行账户",
   "bank loan｜银行贷款",
   "river bank｜河岸",
   "bank statement｜银行对账单"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "banker (n.)",
   "banking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "岸边用on the bank；银行里用at或in the bank。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bank"
 },
 {
  "w": "classroom",
  "uk": "/ˈklɑːsruːm/",
  "us": "/ˈklæsruːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "教室",
    "en": "a room where students are taught"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sunlight filled the classroom as we opened our books.",
    "zh": "我们打开书本时，阳光洒满了教室。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-designed classroom should provide adequate lighting, comfortable furniture, and enough space for students to work together.",
    "zh": "设计良好的教室应有充足的照明、舒适的家具，以及供学生合作学习的足够空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "classroom management｜课堂管理",
   "classroom activities｜课堂活动",
   "classroom teaching｜课堂教学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "class (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in the classroom强调教室内；in class强调上课中。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "classroom"
 },
 {
  "w": "plan",
  "uk": "/plæn/",
  "us": "/plæn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计划；方案",
    "en": "An arrangement or idea for what to do in future."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "计划；打算",
    "en": "To decide what to do and how to do it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "平面图",
    "en": "A drawing showing the layout of a building or area."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our plan is to leave early and avoid traffic.",
    "zh": "我们的计划是早点出发，避开拥堵。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities need a clear plan for expanding public transport before introducing restrictions on private vehicles.",
    "zh": "城市在实施私家车限制措施之前，需要制定明确的公共交通扩展计划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a plan｜制定计划",
   "plan to do something｜计划做某事",
   "floor plan｜楼层平面图",
   "long-term plan｜长期规划"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "planning (n.)",
   "planner (n.)",
   "planned (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "scheme"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "plan to do表示打算做；过去式planned双写n。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plan"
 },
 {
  "w": "funny",
  "uk": "/ˈfʌni/",
  "us": "/ˈfʌni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "滑稽的；好笑的",
    "en": "making you laugh or smile"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "奇怪的；反常的",
    "en": "unusual or difficult to explain"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That funny story made everyone at the table laugh.",
    "zh": "那个好笑的故事逗得桌边的人都笑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers sometimes use funny examples to make difficult concepts more memorable and encourage students to participate.",
    "zh": "教师有时会用有趣的例子，让复杂概念更容易记住，并鼓励学生参与。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a funny story｜好笑的故事",
   "a funny joke｜好笑的笑话",
   "a funny smell｜奇怪的气味",
   "find something funny｜觉得某事好笑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "funnily (adv.)",
   "funniness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "amusing",
   "humorous",
   "odd"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfunny"
  ],
  "tip": "funny侧重好笑或奇怪；fun侧重令人愉快、有趣。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "funny"
 },
 {
  "w": "pay",
  "uk": "/peɪ/",
  "us": "/peɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "支付；付工资",
    "en": "To give money for something or for someone's work"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工资；薪酬",
    "en": "Money received regularly for doing a job"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "值得；划算",
    "en": "To bring a benefit or be worth doing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can I pay for these apples by card?",
    "zh": "这些苹果可以刷卡付款吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should pay workers fairly to improve staff morale and reduce the number of people leaving.",
    "zh": "雇主应公平支付员工薪酬，以提高士气并减少人员流失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pay a bill｜付账单",
   "pay for something｜为某物付款",
   "pay attention to｜注意",
   "equal pay｜同等报酬"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "payment (n.)",
   "payable (adj.)",
   "payer (n.)",
   "unpaid (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pay for接所购物品；pay接账单或款额；过去式paid。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pay"
 },
 {
  "w": "old",
  "uk": "/əʊld/",
  "us": "/oʊld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "年老的；古老的；旧的",
    "en": "Having lived or existed for a long time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "……岁的；有……年历史的",
    "en": "Having a particular age."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "以前的；原来的",
    "en": "Belonging to an earlier period of someone's life."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our old dog sleeps beside the warm kitchen stove.",
    "zh": "我们家的老狗睡在温暖的厨房炉子旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving old buildings can protect cultural heritage while attracting visitors and supporting the local economy.",
    "zh": "保护古老建筑既能保护文化遗产，也能吸引游客并支持当地经济。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "old age｜老年",
   "years old｜……岁",
   "old friend｜老朋友",
   "old buildings｜古老建筑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "older (adj.)",
   "oldest (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "aged"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "young",
   "new"
  ],
  "tip": "an old friend通常指相识已久，不一定年纪大。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "old"
 },
 {
  "w": "Italy",
  "uk": "/ˈɪtəli/",
  "us": "/ˈɪtəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意大利",
    "en": "A country in southern Europe whose capital is Rome."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We travelled around Italy by train last summer.",
    "zh": "去年夏天我们乘火车游览了意大利。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Italy attracts international visitors through its historic cities, distinctive cuisine, and rich artistic heritage.",
    "zh": "意大利凭借历史名城、特色美食和丰富的艺术遗产吸引着国际游客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "southern Italy｜意大利南部",
   "travel to Italy｜去意大利旅行",
   "made in Italy｜意大利制造"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Italian (adj.)",
   "Italian (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "国家名首字母大写，通常不加the；Italian指意大利语等。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "italy"
 },
 {
  "w": "mistake",
  "uk": "/mɪˈsteɪk/",
  "us": "/mɪˈsteɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "错误；失误",
    "en": "Something incorrect that you do, say, or believe."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "认错；误以为",
    "en": "To wrongly identify someone or understand something incorrectly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I took your umbrella by mistake this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上我误拿了你的伞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should encourage students to learn from mistakes rather than feel ashamed of making them.",
    "zh": "教师应鼓励学生从错误中学习，而不是因为犯错而感到羞愧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a mistake｜犯错",
   "by mistake｜错误地；无意中",
   "learn from mistakes｜从错误中学习",
   "mistake A for B｜把A误认成B"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mistaken (adj.)",
   "mistakenly (adv.)",
   "unmistakable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "error"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "说make a mistake，不说do；动词过去式为mistook。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mistake"
 },
 {
  "w": "repeat",
  "uk": "/rɪˈpiːt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈpiːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "重复；重说；重做",
    "en": "To say or do something again."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重复；重演；重播",
    "en": "Something that happens or is shown again."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you repeat the address a little more slowly?",
    "zh": "你能把地址再慢一点说一遍吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who repeat new vocabulary aloud regularly may develop greater confidence when speaking a foreign language.",
    "zh": "经常大声重复新词汇的学生，在说外语时可能会更有信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "repeat a mistake｜重犯错误",
   "repeat a question｜重复问题",
   "repeat after someone｜跟着某人复述",
   "a repeat performance｜再次演出"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "repetition (n.)",
   "repetitive (adj.)",
   "repeatedly (adv.)",
   "repeatable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "repeat已含“再次”之意，通常不必再加again。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "repeat"
 },
 {
  "w": "welcome",
  "uk": "/ˈwelkəm/",
  "us": "/ˈwelkəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "欢迎；欣然接受",
    "en": "to greet someone warmly or accept something with pleasure"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "受欢迎的；令人欣喜的",
    "en": "wanted, appreciated, or gladly accepted"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "欢迎；迎接",
    "en": "the way someone is greeted when they arrive"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours came outside to welcome us home.",
    "zh": "邻居们走到外面，欢迎我们回家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many communities welcome new cultural festivals because they encourage social interaction and support local businesses.",
    "zh": "许多社区欢迎新的文化节庆活动，因为这些活动能促进社交互动并支持当地商家。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "welcome visitors｜欢迎来访者",
   "a warm welcome｜热情的欢迎",
   "a welcome change｜令人欣喜的变化",
   "you're welcome｜不客气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "welcoming (adj.)",
   "unwelcome (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be welcome to do表示可随意做；You're welcome用于回应感谢。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "welcome"
 },
 {
  "w": "strawberry",
  "uk": "/ˈstrɔːbəri/",
  "us": "/ˈstrɔːberi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "草莓",
    "en": "a soft red fruit with tiny seeds on its surface"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I picked a ripe strawberry and put it in my basket.",
    "zh": "我摘了一颗熟透的草莓，放进篮子里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing strawberries locally can reduce transport distances, although heated greenhouses may increase overall energy consumption.",
    "zh": "在本地种植草莓可以缩短运输距离，但加温温室可能增加总体能源消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strawberry jam｜草莓酱",
   "ripe strawberries｜成熟的草莓",
   "strawberry plants｜草莓植株"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，复数为strawberries。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strawberry"
 },
 {
  "w": "sixteen",
  "uk": "/ˌsɪkˈstiːn/",
  "us": "/ˌsɪkˈstiːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "十六",
    "en": "the number after fifteen and before seventeen"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We baked sixteen small cakes for the family picnic.",
    "zh": "我们为家庭野餐烤了十六个小蛋糕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In some countries, students can choose vocational training instead of continuing general education at the age of sixteen.",
    "zh": "在一些国家，学生十六岁时可以选择职业培训，而不继续接受普通教育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sixteen years old｜十六岁",
   "at sixteen｜在十六岁时",
   "sixteen students｜十六名学生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sixteenth (num.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "注意与sixty（六十）区分，sixteen词尾有/n/。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sixteen"
 },
 {
  "w": "week",
  "uk": "/wiːk/",
  "us": "/wiːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "周；星期",
    "en": "a period of seven days"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工作周",
    "en": "the days or hours normally spent working each week"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I borrowed this book from the library last week.",
    "zh": "我上周从图书馆借了这本书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A shorter working week could improve employee wellbeing, provided that workloads are reduced rather than compressed.",
    "zh": "缩短工作周可能改善员工的身心状况，前提是减少工作量，而非把工作集中完成。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "last week｜上周",
   "once a week｜每周一次",
   "working week｜工作周",
   "a week off｜一周假期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "weekly (adj.)",
   "weekday (n.)",
   "weekend (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "last/next/this week前不加介词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "week"
 },
 {
  "w": "seventeen",
  "uk": "/ˌsevənˈtiːn/",
  "us": "/ˌsevənˈtiːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "十七",
    "en": "The number after sixteen and before eighteen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister is seventeen and loves playing volleyball.",
    "zh": "我妹妹十七岁，喜欢打排球。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The survey found that seventeen students preferred practical training to traditional classroom instruction.",
    "zh": "调查发现，十七名学生更喜欢实践培训，而非传统课堂教学。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "seventeen years old｜十七岁",
   "seventeen students｜十七名学生",
   "at seventeen｜在十七岁时"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "seventeenth (num.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "注意与seventy（七十）区分，词尾读清。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seventeen"
 },
 {
  "w": "Wednesday",
  "uk": "/ˈwenzdeɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈwenzdeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "星期三",
    "en": "the day after Tuesday and before Thursday"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We meet for lunch every Wednesday near the library.",
    "zh": "我们每周三在图书馆附近一起吃午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The community centre offers free language classes every Wednesday to help newcomers participate in local life.",
    "zh": "社区中心每周三提供免费语言课程，帮助新来者融入当地生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on Wednesday｜在星期三",
   "Wednesday morning｜星期三上午",
   "every Wednesday｜每周三"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母大写；on Wednesday，但every Wednesday前不加on。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wednesday"
 },
 {
  "w": "a.m.",
  "uk": "/ˌeɪ ˈem/",
  "us": "/ˌeɪ ˈem/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "午夜后至中午前",
    "en": "During the time from midnight until just before midday."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My alarm rings at seven a.m. every weekday.",
    "zh": "每个工作日，我的闹钟都在早上七点响。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Starting school before eight a.m. may reduce the amount of sleep that teenagers get on weekdays.",
    "zh": "早上八点前上课可能会减少青少年在上学期间的睡眠时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at six a.m.｜在早上六点",
   "from nine a.m.｜从上午九点起",
   "until eleven a.m.｜直到上午十一点"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "p.m."
  ],
  "tip": "放在钟点后；12 a.m.是午夜，12 p.m.是正午。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "a-m"
 },
 {
  "w": "new",
  "uk": "/njuː/",
  "us": "/nuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "新的；新近出现的",
    "en": "Recently made, discovered, introduced, or begun."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "新买的；新接触的",
    "en": "Recently obtained or experienced by someone, though possibly already existing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不熟悉的；初来乍到的",
    "en": "Not yet familiar with a place, activity, or situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our new neighbours brought us a basket of apples.",
    "zh": "我们的新邻居送来了一篮苹果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "New technologies can make healthcare more accessible, but their benefits must be shared across different income groups.",
    "zh": "新技术能让医疗服务更易获得，但不同收入群体都应能享受到这些益处。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "brand new｜全新的",
   "new technology｜新技术",
   "new to the job｜刚接触这份工作",
   "a new approach｜一种新方法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "newly (adv.)",
   "newness (n.)",
   "renew (v.)",
   "renewal (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "novel"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "old"
  ],
  "tip": "be new to表示初次接触、不熟悉，to是介词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "new"
 },
 {
  "w": "cooking",
  "uk": "/ˈkʊkɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈkʊkɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烹饪；烹调",
    "en": "The activity of preparing food by heating it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "烹调用的",
    "en": "Intended for use in preparing food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother does the cooking while I wash dishes.",
    "zh": "我哥哥做饭，我洗碗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching basic cooking skills at school can help young people develop healthier eating habits.",
    "zh": "在学校教授基本烹饪技能，有助于年轻人养成更健康的饮食习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "do the cooking｜做饭",
   "cooking skills｜烹饪技能",
   "cooking oil｜食用油",
   "home cooking｜家常烹饪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cook (v.)",
   "cook (n.)",
   "cooker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cooking指烹饪活动；cook可指厨师，cooker指炊具。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cooking"
 },
 {
  "w": "family",
  "uk": "/ˈfæməli/",
  "us": "/ˈfæməli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "家庭；家人；亲属",
    "en": "a group of people related to one another"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "科；语族；同类群",
    "en": "a group of related animals, plants, languages, or other things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My family gathers around the kitchen table every Sunday.",
    "zh": "我的家人每周日都会围坐在厨房的餐桌旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working hours can help parents balance family responsibilities with the demands of paid employment.",
    "zh": "弹性工作时间可以帮助父母平衡家庭责任与有偿工作的要求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "extended family｜大家庭",
   "family member｜家庭成员",
   "family responsibilities｜家庭责任",
   "language family｜语族"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "family作整体用单数；英式英语强调成员时可用复数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "family"
 },
 {
  "w": "example",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzɑːmpl/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzæmpl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "例子；实例",
    "en": "Something specific that shows what a general idea means"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "榜样",
    "en": "A person or action that others can learn from or copy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you give me an example of a healthy breakfast?",
    "zh": "你能给我举一个健康早餐的例子吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public buildings can set an example by using renewable energy and reducing unnecessary water consumption.",
    "zh": "公共建筑可以通过使用可再生能源和减少不必要的用水来树立榜样。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "for example｜例如",
   "give an example｜举例",
   "set an example｜树立榜样",
   "a typical example｜典型例子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exemplify (v.)",
   "exemplary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "instance",
   "illustration"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "for example用于举例；set an example意为树立榜样。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "example"
 },
 {
  "w": "December",
  "uk": "/dɪˈsembə/",
  "us": "/dɪˈsembɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "十二月",
    "en": "the final month of the year, following November"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin is coming to stay with us in December.",
    "zh": "我表亲十二月要来我们家住。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In many northern countries, energy demand increases in December as households need more heating during colder weather.",
    "zh": "在许多北方国家，十二月天气更冷，家庭需要更多供暖，因此能源需求增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in December｜在十二月",
   "early December｜十二月初",
   "late December｜十二月下旬"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "月份首字母大写；在十二月用in December。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "december"
 },
 {
  "w": "metre",
  "uk": "/ˈmiːtə/",
  "us": "/ˈmiːtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "米；公尺",
    "en": "A unit of length equal to one hundred centimetres."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诗歌格律",
    "en": "A regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This shelf is just over a metre long.",
    "zh": "这个架子长一米多一点。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Raising coastal barriers by one metre could help protect nearby homes from increasingly severe flooding.",
    "zh": "将海岸屏障加高一米，有助于保护附近住宅免受日益严重的洪水侵袭。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a square metre｜一平方米",
   "a cubic metre｜一立方米",
   "a metre long｜一米长"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "长度单位英式写metre，美式写meter；复数metres。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "metre"
 },
 {
  "w": "hate",
  "uk": "/heɪt/",
  "us": "/heɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "憎恨；非常讨厌",
    "en": "To dislike someone or something very strongly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "憎恨；强烈厌恶",
    "en": "A very strong feeling of dislike towards someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I hate finding wet socks on the bathroom floor.",
    "zh": "我特别讨厌在浴室地板上发现湿袜子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although many commuters hate crowded trains, affordable public transport remains essential for reducing urban traffic.",
    "zh": "虽然许多通勤者讨厌拥挤的列车，但价格实惠的公共交通对于缓解城市交通拥堵仍然至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hate doing something｜讨厌做某事",
   "hate to admit｜不愿承认",
   "full of hate｜充满仇恨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hatred (n.)",
   "hateful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "loathe",
   "detest"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "love"
  ],
  "tip": "hate后可接动名词或不定式，语气比dislike强。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hate"
 },
 {
  "w": "sleep",
  "uk": "/sliːp/",
  "us": "/sliːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "睡觉",
    "en": "to rest with eyes closed and awareness reduced"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "睡眠",
    "en": "the natural resting state in which awareness is reduced"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our cat likes to sleep beside the warm radiator.",
    "zh": "我们的猫喜欢睡在温暖的暖气片旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular sleep supports memory and concentration, making it particularly important for students preparing for examinations.",
    "zh": "规律的睡眠有助于记忆和注意力，因此对备考学生尤其重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get enough sleep｜获得充足睡眠",
   "fall asleep｜入睡",
   "sleep well｜睡得好",
   "lack of sleep｜睡眠不足"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "asleep (adj.)",
   "sleepy (adj.)",
   "sleepless (adj.)",
   "sleeper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "slumber"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "wake"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为slept；入睡用fall asleep。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sleep"
 },
 {
  "w": "toothbrush",
  "uk": "/ˈtuːθbrʌʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈtuːθbrʌʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牙刷",
    "en": "A small brush used for cleaning your teeth."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I packed my toothbrush in the side pocket.",
    "zh": "我把牙刷装进了侧面的口袋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing a worn toothbrush regularly helps maintain oral hygiene by ensuring that teeth are cleaned effectively.",
    "zh": "定期更换磨损的牙刷有助于确保牙齿得到有效清洁，从而保持口腔卫生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "electric toothbrush｜电动牙刷",
   "soft toothbrush｜软毛牙刷",
   "toothbrush holder｜牙刷架"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tooth (n.)",
   "brush (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数是toothbrushes，不是teethbrushes。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "toothbrush"
 },
 {
  "w": "table",
  "uk": "/ˈteɪbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈteɪbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "桌子",
    "en": "a piece of furniture with a flat top and legs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "表格",
    "en": "information arranged in rows and columns"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We gathered around the table to share fresh bread.",
    "zh": "我们围坐在桌边，一起吃新鲜面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The table compares average household spending on transport in three cities over a ten-year period.",
    "zh": "该表比较了三个城市十年间的家庭平均交通支出。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dining table｜餐桌",
   "set the table｜摆好餐具",
   "clear the table｜收拾餐桌",
   "a table of results｜结果表"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tabletop (n.)",
   "tabular (adj.)",
   "tabulate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "set the table指摆餐具，不是摆放桌子。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "table"
 },
 {
  "w": "join",
  "uk": "/dʒɔɪn/",
  "us": "/dʒɔɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "加入；参加",
    "en": "To become a member or take part with others."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "连接；接合",
    "en": "To connect things or become connected."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "与……会合；一起做",
    "en": "To go where someone is and spend time with them."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Would you like to join us for lunch today?",
    "zh": "你今天愿意和我们一起吃午饭吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who join local volunteer groups can develop practical skills while contributing to their communities.",
    "zh": "加入当地志愿者团体的学生可以在服务社区的同时培养实用技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "join a club｜加入俱乐部",
   "join in｜参与",
   "join forces｜联合行动",
   "join together｜连接起来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "joint (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "join a club指加入组织；join in指参与活动。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "join"
 },
 {
  "w": "useful",
  "uk": "/ˈjuːsfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈjuːsfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有用的；有帮助的",
    "en": "Helping you do something or achieve a purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This little torch is useful when the power fails.",
    "zh": "停电时，这个小手电筒很有用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable online resources can be useful for learners who lack access to well-equipped libraries.",
    "zh": "对于无法使用设备完善的图书馆的学习者来说，可靠的网络资源可能很有帮助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "useful advice｜有用的建议",
   "useful information｜有用的信息",
   "useful for learning｜对学习有用",
   "a useful tool｜实用工具"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "use (v.)",
   "usefully (adv.)",
   "usefulness (n.)",
   "useless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "helpful",
   "practical"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "useless"
  ],
  "tip": "首音是辅音/j/，所以说a useful tool，不用an。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "useful"
 },
 {
  "w": "like",
  "uk": "/laɪk/",
  "us": "/laɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "喜欢；喜爱",
    "en": "to enjoy something or feel positively about someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "像；与……相似",
    "en": "similar to someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "例如；比如",
    "en": "used to introduce an example"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I like reading by the window on rainy afternoons.",
    "zh": "我喜欢在下雨的午后坐在窗边读书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many residents like having green spaces nearby because they provide opportunities for exercise and relaxation.",
    "zh": "许多居民喜欢附近有绿地，因为绿地提供了锻炼和放松的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "like doing something｜喜欢做某事",
   "would like to｜想要",
   "look like｜看起来像",
   "feel like doing something｜想做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dislike (v.)",
   "likeable (adj.)",
   "liking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enjoy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dislike"
  ],
  "tip": "would like to do 比 want to do 更礼貌。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "like"
 },
 {
  "w": "note",
  "uk": "/nəʊt/",
  "us": "/noʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "便条；笔记",
    "en": "A short written message or record of useful information."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "注意到；记下",
    "en": "To notice something or record it in writing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "音符；单音",
    "en": "A single musical sound or a symbol representing it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left a note beside your breakfast bowl.",
    "zh": "我在你的早餐碗旁留了一张便条。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who take notes in their own words may develop a deeper understanding of complex material.",
    "zh": "用自己的话记笔记的学生可能会对复杂的学习材料形成更深入的理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take notes｜记笔记",
   "leave a note｜留便条",
   "note that｜注意到……",
   "musical note｜音符"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "notable (adj.)",
   "noted (adj.)",
   "noteworthy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "记笔记用take notes；note that后接完整句子。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "note"
 },
 {
  "w": "fall",
  "uk": "/fɔːl/",
  "us": "/fɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "落下；跌倒；下降",
    "en": "To move downward, lose balance, or decrease."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "跌落；下降",
    "en": "An act of falling or a decrease in amount."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "秋天（美式）",
    "en": "The season between summer and winter, especially in American English."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Golden leaves fall onto the path outside our house.",
    "zh": "金黄的叶子落在我们屋外的小路上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Energy consumption may fall if governments encourage households to install better insulation and efficient heating systems.",
    "zh": "如果政府鼓励家庭改善隔热条件并安装高效供暖系统，能源消耗可能会下降。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fall asleep｜入睡",
   "fall in prices｜价格下降",
   "fall sharply｜急剧下降",
   "in the fall｜在秋天"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fallen (adj.)",
   "falling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "drop",
   "decline"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rise"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式fell，过去分词fallen；秋天英式常用autumn。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fall"
 },
 {
  "w": "thirty",
  "uk": "/ˈθɜːti/",
  "us": "/ˈθɝːti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "三十",
    "en": "The number equal to three groups of ten."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup needs another thirty minutes on the stove.",
    "zh": "这锅汤还需要在炉子上再煮三十分钟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The survey found that thirty per cent of residents preferred cycling to driving for short journeys.",
    "zh": "调查发现，百分之三十的居民在短途出行时更愿意骑车而不是开车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thirty minutes｜三十分钟",
   "thirty per cent｜百分之三十",
   "in your thirties｜在三十多岁时"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thirtieth (num.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "thirty重音在前；thirteen重音通常在后。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thirty"
 },
 {
  "w": "best",
  "uk": "/best/",
  "us": "/best/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最好的；最佳的",
    "en": "Better than all others in quality or suitability."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "最好地；最",
    "en": "In the most successful way or to the greatest degree."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "最佳表现；最好事物",
    "en": "The finest performance, effort, or thing available."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This bakery makes the best bread in our neighbourhood.",
    "zh": "这家面包店做的面包是我们街区最好的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in early education may be the best way to reduce inequality over time.",
    "zh": "投资早期教育可能是逐步减少不平等的最佳方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the best option｜最佳选择",
   "do your best｜尽最大努力",
   "at its best｜处于最佳状态",
   "like something best｜最喜欢某物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "good (adj.)",
   "well (adv.)",
   "better (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "worst"
  ],
  "tip": "best是good和well的最高级；形容词前通常加the。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "best"
 },
 {
  "w": "any",
  "uk": "/ˈeni/",
  "us": "/ˈeni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "一些；任何一个",
    "en": "Some in questions or negatives; whichever one, without restriction."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "一些；任何一个",
    "en": "Some or whichever ones, without naming the people or things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "丝毫；一点",
    "en": "At all, used mainly with comparisons in questions or negatives."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can borrow any book from this shelf.",
    "zh": "这个书架上的书，你想借哪本都可以。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should ensure that all children can attend school without facing any financial barriers.",
    "zh": "政府应确保所有儿童都能上学，不受任何经济障碍的阻碍。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "any questions｜任何问题",
   "at any time｜随时",
   "any of these｜这些中的任何一个",
   "hardly any｜几乎没有"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "疑问、否定句中常表“一些”；肯定句中常表“任何”。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "any"
 },
 {
  "w": "computer",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpjuːtə/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpjuːtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计算机；电脑",
    "en": "An electronic machine that stores and processes information using programs."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My computer froze while I was editing holiday photos.",
    "zh": "我编辑度假照片时，电脑卡住了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to a computer at home can help students complete assignments and develop essential digital skills.",
    "zh": "在家能使用电脑可以帮助学生完成作业，并培养必要的数字技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "computer software｜计算机软件",
   "computer skills｜计算机操作技能",
   "computer network｜计算机网络",
   "computer science｜计算机科学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compute (v.)",
   "computing (n.)",
   "computation (n.)",
   "computerise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "在电脑上工作用work on a computer。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "computer"
 },
 {
  "w": "shopping",
  "uk": "/ˈʃɒpɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈʃɑːpɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "购物",
    "en": "The activity of looking for and buying things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "买来的物品（英）",
    "en": "The things you have bought during a shopping trip."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We usually do our shopping early on Saturday mornings.",
    "zh": "我们通常在星期六一早去购物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The growth of online shopping has changed consumer habits and increased demand for home delivery services.",
    "zh": "网上购物的发展改变了消费者习惯，也增加了对送货上门服务的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go shopping｜去购物",
   "do the shopping｜采购日用品",
   "online shopping｜网上购物",
   "shopping centre｜购物中心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shop (v.)",
   "shop (n.)",
   "shopper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "shopping作名词不可数；“去购物”用go shopping。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shopping"
 },
 {
  "w": "alphabet",
  "uk": "/ˈælfəbet/",
  "us": "/ˈælfəbet/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "字母表",
    "en": "the complete set of letters used in a language"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My little sister learned the alphabet through a song.",
    "zh": "我的小妹妹通过一首歌学会了字母表。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning the alphabet is an important early step towards literacy, but children also need regular reading practice.",
    "zh": "学习字母表是掌握读写能力的重要起点，但孩子也需要经常练习阅读。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the English alphabet｜英语字母表",
   "learn the alphabet｜学习字母表",
   "alphabet song｜字母歌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "alphabetical (adj.)",
   "alphabetically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "alphabet指整套字母；单个字母用letter。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alphabet"
 },
 {
  "w": "address",
  "uk": "/əˈdres/",
  "us": "/ˈædres/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地址；网址",
    "en": "Details identifying where someone lives or something can be found."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "处理；设法解决",
    "en": "To give attention to a problem and try to solve it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "向…讲话；致辞",
    "en": "To speak directly to a person or group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please send me your address before I post the parcel.",
    "zh": "请在我寄包裹之前把你的地址发给我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments need to address housing shortages by supporting affordable construction and improving public transport links.",
    "zh": "政府需要通过支持可负担住房建设和改善公共交通连接来应对住房短缺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "postal address｜邮寄地址",
   "email address｜电子邮箱地址",
   "address a problem｜处理问题",
   "address an audience｜向听众讲话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "addressee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美音动词读/əˈdres/；address问题不等于已解决。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "address"
 },
 {
  "w": "win",
  "uk": "/wɪn/",
  "us": "/wɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "获胜；赢得",
    "en": "To succeed in a competition or receive a prize."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "争取到；获得",
    "en": "To gain something through effort or personal qualities."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胜利",
    "en": "A successful result in a competition or contest."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our team won the match despite the heavy rain.",
    "zh": "尽管下着大雨，我们队还是赢得了比赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "To win public support, governments must explain how environmental policies will benefit communities in the long term.",
    "zh": "为了赢得公众支持，政府必须解释环境政策将如何让社区长期受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "win a prize｜获奖",
   "win a match｜赢得比赛",
   "win support｜赢得支持",
   "win someone's trust｜赢得某人的信任"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "winner (n.)",
   "winning (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "triumph"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lose"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为won；赢比赛用win，击败人用beat。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "win"
 },
 {
  "w": "grow",
  "uk": "/ɡrəʊ/",
  "us": "/ɡroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "生长；增长；发展",
    "en": "To become bigger or develop over time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "种植",
    "en": "To raise plants for food or other purposes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逐渐变得",
    "en": "To gradually become different in condition or feeling."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We grow fresh herbs in pots beside the kitchen window.",
    "zh": "我们在厨房窗边的花盆里种新鲜香草。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As cities grow, local authorities must invest in transport systems that serve expanding populations.",
    "zh": "随着城市发展，地方政府必须投资建设满足不断增长的人口需求的交通系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grow rapidly｜迅速增长",
   "grow vegetables｜种蔬菜",
   "grow older｜年龄渐长",
   "grow increasingly concerned｜变得越来越担忧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "growth (n.)",
   "grower (n.)",
   "growing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "shrink"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式grew，过去分词grown；表变得后接形容词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grow"
 },
 {
  "w": "box",
  "uk": "/bɒks/",
  "us": "/bɑːks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盒子；箱子",
    "en": "a container with firm sides, often with a lid"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把…装箱",
    "en": "to put something into a box"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打拳击",
    "en": "to compete in a sport using punches and protective gloves"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitten fell asleep inside an empty cardboard box.",
    "zh": "小猫在一个空纸箱里睡着了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Retailers can reduce packaging waste by choosing a box that closely matches the size of each product.",
    "zh": "零售商可以选择与每件商品大小相近的箱子，以减少包装浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cardboard box｜纸箱",
   "a box of chocolates｜一盒巧克力",
   "box up｜装箱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "boxer (n.)",
   "boxing (n.)",
   "boxed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为boxes；a box of后接盒中物品。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "box"
 },
 {
  "w": "fun",
  "uk": "/fʌn/",
  "us": "/fʌn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乐趣；快乐",
    "en": "Enjoyment or pleasure from an activity or experience."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有趣的；令人愉快的",
    "en": "Enjoyable and entertaining."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had so much fun building sandcastles together yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们一起堆沙堡，玩得特别开心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Making physical activity fun can encourage children to exercise regularly and develop healthier habits throughout their lives.",
    "zh": "让体育活动充满乐趣，可以鼓励儿童经常锻炼，并养成终身受益的健康习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have fun｜玩得开心",
   "for fun｜为了好玩",
   "make fun of｜取笑",
   "good fun｜很有趣"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "enjoyment",
   "amusement"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "boredom"
  ],
  "tip": "fun作名词不可数；funny多指好笑的或奇怪的。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fun"
 },
 {
  "w": "beard",
  "uk": "/bɪəd/",
  "us": "/bɪrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胡须；络腮胡子",
    "en": "Hair growing on a person's chin and cheeks."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He trimmed his beard before leaving for work.",
    "zh": "他上班出门前修剪了胡须。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In some workplaces, employees with beards must use special coverings to maintain food hygiene standards.",
    "zh": "在一些工作场所，蓄胡须的员工必须佩戴专用罩具，以符合食品卫生标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grow a beard｜蓄胡须",
   "trim a beard｜修剪胡须",
   "a thick beard｜浓密的胡须"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bearded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "beard指下巴及两颊胡须；moustache指上唇胡须。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beard"
 },
 {
  "w": "wet",
  "uk": "/wet/",
  "us": "/wet/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "湿的；潮湿的",
    "en": "Covered with or containing water or another liquid"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多雨的；下雨的",
    "en": "Having rain or frequent rainfall"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弄湿",
    "en": "To put water or another liquid onto something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My socks got wet when I stepped in a puddle.",
    "zh": "我踩进水坑，把袜子弄湿了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged wet weather can damage crops and make it harder for farmers to harvest them efficiently.",
    "zh": "持续的阴雨天气会损害庄稼，使农民更难高效收获。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get wet｜变湿",
   "wet weather｜阴雨天气",
   "soaking wet｜湿透的",
   "wet the cloth｜把布弄湿"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wetness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "damp",
   "soaked"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dry"
  ],
  "tip": "damp指微湿；soaking wet表示湿透。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wet"
 },
 {
  "w": "money",
  "uk": "/ˈmʌni/",
  "us": "/ˈmʌni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钱；货币",
    "en": "What people use to pay for goods and services."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "财富；财产",
    "en": "The wealth that a person or organisation owns."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I saved enough money to buy a new bicycle.",
    "zh": "我攒够了买一辆新自行车的钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should invest more money in public transport to reduce congestion and improve air quality.",
    "zh": "政府应该向公共交通投入更多资金，以缓解拥堵并改善空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "save money｜省钱；存钱",
   "spend money on｜花钱买",
   "value for money｜物有所值",
   "raise money｜筹款"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "moneyed (adj.)",
   "moneyless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数：说much money，不说many money。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "money"
 },
 {
  "w": "agree",
  "uk": "/əˈɡriː/",
  "us": "/əˈɡriː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "同意；赞成",
    "en": "Have the same opinion or accept someone else's view"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "商定；答应",
    "en": "Decide something together or promise to do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I agree with you that this soup needs salt.",
    "zh": "我同意你的看法，这汤需要加盐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Most researchers agree that regular physical activity can improve both mental health and academic performance.",
    "zh": "大多数研究人员认为，经常运动可以改善心理健康和学业表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "agree with someone｜同意某人的观点",
   "agree on a plan｜就计划达成一致",
   "agree to do something｜答应做某事",
   "agree to a proposal｜同意一项提议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "agreement (n.)",
   "disagree (v.)",
   "disagreement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "concur"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disagree"
  ],
  "tip": "同意某人用with；商定某事用on；答应做用to do。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "agree"
 },
 {
  "w": "now",
  "uk": "/naʊ/",
  "us": "/naʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "现在；如今",
    "en": "at the present time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "马上；立刻",
    "en": "immediately, without waiting"
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "既然；由于",
    "en": "because a situation has changed or become true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We live near the station now, so walking is easy.",
    "zh": "我们现在住在车站附近，步行过去很方便。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Now that online courses are widely available, more adults can continue their education while working.",
    "zh": "既然在线课程已广泛普及，更多成年人就能在工作的同时继续接受教育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "right now｜现在；马上",
   "by now｜到现在为止",
   "from now on｜从现在起",
   "now that｜既然"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "currently"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "then"
  ],
  "tip": "now that引导原因从句，强调情况已发生变化。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "now"
 },
 {
  "w": "real",
  "uk": "/rɪəl/",
  "us": "/ˈriːəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "真实的；实际存在的",
    "en": "existing in fact rather than being imagined"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "真的；非仿制的",
    "en": "genuine rather than copied or artificial"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "实际的；扣除通胀的",
    "en": "measured after allowing for changes in prices"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I thought the bird was plastic, but it was real.",
    "zh": "我以为那只鸟是塑料的，没想到是真的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although average salaries have increased, rising prices mean that many workers have experienced a fall in real income.",
    "zh": "虽然平均工资上涨了，但物价上涨意味着许多劳动者的实际收入有所下降。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "real life｜现实生活",
   "real leather｜真皮",
   "real income｜实际收入",
   "real danger｜真正的危险"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reality (n.)",
   "really (adv.)",
   "realistic (adj.)",
   "unreal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "actual",
   "genuine"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "imaginary",
   "fake"
  ],
  "tip": "real修饰名词；表示“很、真正地”通常用really。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "real"
 },
 {
  "w": "someone",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌmwʌn/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌmwʌn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "某人；有人",
    "en": "a person whose identity is unknown or not stated"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Someone left a blue umbrella beside the front door.",
    "zh": "有人把一把蓝色雨伞落在了前门旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may feel more confident seeking help when someone they trust is available to discuss their concerns.",
    "zh": "如果有信任的人可以倾听他们的困扰，学生求助时可能会更有信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "someone else｜别人",
   "someone special｜特别的人",
   "someone to talk to｜可以倾诉的人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "somebody"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "nobody",
   "no one"
  ],
  "tip": "作主语时谓语用单数；后文可用they指代。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "someone"
 },
 {
  "w": "hear",
  "uk": "/hɪə/",
  "us": "/hɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "听见；听到",
    "en": "notice a sound through your ears"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "听说；得知",
    "en": "receive information about something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "审理；听取",
    "en": "listen formally to evidence or arguments"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I can hear birds singing outside my bedroom window.",
    "zh": "我能听见卧室窗外的鸟鸣声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local councils should hear residents' concerns before making decisions about major changes to public transport.",
    "zh": "地方议会在对公共交通作出重大调整前，应听取居民的顾虑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hear from someone｜收到某人的消息",
   "hear about something｜听说某事",
   "hear a case｜审理案件",
   "hear both sides｜听取双方意见"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hearing (n.)",
   "hearer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hear强调听见；listen to强调主动听。过去式heard。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hear"
 },
 {
  "w": "please",
  "uk": "/pliːz/",
  "us": "/pliːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "请；劳驾",
    "en": "Used to make a request or offer more polite."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使高兴；使满意",
    "en": "To make someone feel happy or satisfied."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you please hold the door for me?",
    "zh": "你能帮我扶一下门吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public policies designed to please every group may fail to address the most urgent social problems.",
    "zh": "旨在取悦所有群体的公共政策，可能无法解决最紧迫的社会问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "please do｜请吧；请务必",
   "please everyone｜让所有人满意",
   "hard to please｜难以取悦",
   "as you please｜随你的意愿"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pleased (adj.)",
   "pleasing (adj.)",
   "pleasure (n.)",
   "pleasant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "please是动词；感到满意用be pleased。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "please"
 },
 {
  "w": "hard",
  "uk": "/hɑːd/",
  "us": "/hɑːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "坚硬的",
    "en": "Firm and not easily bent, cut, or pressed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "困难的；艰苦的",
    "en": "Requiring considerable effort or being difficult to endure"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "努力地；猛烈地",
    "en": "With great effort, force, or intensity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This bread is too hard to bite into.",
    "zh": "这块面包太硬了，咬不动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many students work hard to gain qualifications, yet still find it difficult to secure stable employment.",
    "zh": "许多学生努力取得学历或资格，却仍然难以找到稳定的工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hard work｜艰苦的工作",
   "work hard｜努力工作",
   "hard evidence｜确凿的证据",
   "hard surface｜坚硬的表面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "harden (v.)",
   "hardness (n.)",
   "hardship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "soft",
   "easy"
  ],
  "tip": "hard可作副词“努力地”；hardly意为“几乎不”。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hard"
 },
 {
  "w": "terrible",
  "uk": "/ˈterəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈterəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "糟糕的；令人不快的",
    "en": "Very bad or unpleasant."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可怕的；严重的",
    "en": "Causing great fear, suffering, or harm."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup tasted terrible, so I made a sandwich.",
    "zh": "汤很难喝，于是我做了个三明治。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poor waste management can have terrible consequences for public health, especially in densely populated cities.",
    "zh": "垃圾管理不善可能给公共健康带来严重后果，在人口密集的城市尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "terrible weather｜糟糕的天气",
   "a terrible mistake｜严重的错误",
   "feel terrible｜感觉很难受"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "terribly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "awful",
   "dreadful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "wonderful"
  ],
  "tip": "terrible是形容词；表示“非常”通常用terribly。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "terrible"
 },
 {
  "w": "feel",
  "uk": "/fiːl/",
  "us": "/fiːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "感到；觉得",
    "en": "Experience an emotion, physical sensation, or personal belief."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "触摸；摸索",
    "en": "Touch something to discover its texture, shape, or position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "触感；氛围",
    "en": "The quality something has when touched or experienced."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I feel much warmer with this soft blanket.",
    "zh": "盖着这条柔软的毯子，我觉得暖和多了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents often feel safer when public spaces are well lit and regularly maintained by local authorities.",
    "zh": "当公共空间照明充足且由地方政府定期维护时，居民往往更有安全感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel comfortable｜感到舒适",
   "feel strongly about｜对……有强烈看法",
   "feel like doing something｜想做某事",
   "get a feel for｜逐渐了解"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "feeling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sense",
   "experience"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为felt；feel后可直接接形容词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "feel"
 },
 {
  "w": "toy",
  "uk": "/tɔɪ/",
  "us": "/tɔɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "玩具",
    "en": "An object that children use for play."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "摆弄；漫不经心地考虑",
    "en": "To handle casually or consider without serious commitment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The baby dropped her toy behind the sofa.",
    "zh": "宝宝把她的玩具掉到了沙发后面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Well-designed toys can encourage young children to develop practical skills through creative play and exploration.",
    "zh": "设计精良的玩具可以鼓励幼儿通过创意游戏和探索来培养实践技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "soft toy｜毛绒玩具",
   "toy car｜玩具汽车",
   "toy with an idea｜随意考虑一个想法"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用toy with；toy with an idea指并不认真地考虑。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "toy"
 },
 {
  "w": "so",
  "uk": "/səʊ/",
  "us": "/soʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "这么；如此；非常",
    "en": "to such a degree or extent"
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "所以；因此",
    "en": "used to introduce a result or consequence"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "这样；如此",
    "en": "used instead of repeating an idea already mentioned"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup was so hot that I had to wait.",
    "zh": "汤太烫了，我只好等一会儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport is limited in rural areas, so many residents rely on private cars for essential journeys.",
    "zh": "农村地区的公共交通有限，因此许多居民依靠私家车进行必要的出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "so much｜这么多",
   "so far｜到目前为止",
   "so that｜以便；因此",
   "think so｜认为如此"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "so修饰形容词或副词；such通常修饰名词短语。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "so"
 },
 {
  "w": "climb",
  "uk": "/klaɪm/",
  "us": "/klaɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "攀登；爬",
    "en": "to move upwards using your feet and often your hands"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "上升；增加",
    "en": "to increase in amount or level"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "攀登；上升",
    "en": "an act of moving upwards or an increase in level"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We climbed the hill before stopping for a picnic.",
    "zh": "我们爬上山坡，然后停下来野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As housing costs continue to climb, many young adults struggle to live independently in major cities.",
    "zh": "随着住房成本持续上涨，许多年轻人难以在大城市独立生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "climb a mountain｜登山",
   "climb stairs｜爬楼梯",
   "a steep climb｜陡峭的攀登路段",
   "climb steadily｜稳步上升"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "climber (n.)",
   "climbing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ascend"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "descend"
  ],
  "tip": "词尾b不发音；climb a mountain不加介词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "climb"
 },
 {
  "w": "bird",
  "uk": "/bɜːd/",
  "us": "/bɝːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鸟",
    "en": "an animal with feathers, wings, and a beak that lays eggs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small bird built a nest above our window.",
    "zh": "一只小鸟在我们窗户上方筑了巢。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting native bird species requires preserving their habitats and reducing pollution in both rural and urban areas.",
    "zh": "保护本土鸟类需要维护其栖息地，并减少乡村和城市地区的污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a flock of birds｜一群鸟",
   "a migratory bird｜候鸟",
   "bird watching｜观鸟",
   "a bird of prey｜猛禽"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "birdwatcher (n.)",
   "birdwatching (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "鸟群用a flock of birds；bird本身是可数名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bird"
 },
 {
  "w": "game",
  "uk": "/ɡeɪm/",
  "us": "/ɡeɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "游戏；比赛",
    "en": "an activity or contest played according to rules"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "猎物；野味",
    "en": "wild animals hunted for food or sport, or their meat"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "愿意尝试的；有胆量的",
    "en": "willing to try something difficult or unfamiliar"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We played a board game after dinner yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天晚饭后我们玩了一个桌游。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cooperative games can help children develop communication skills and learn to solve problems together.",
    "zh": "合作型游戏能帮助儿童培养沟通能力，并学会共同解决问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "board game｜桌游",
   "team game｜团队运动",
   "video game｜电子游戏",
   "be game for｜愿意尝试"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gaming (n.)",
   "gamer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "猎物义不可数；be game for表示愿意尝试。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "game"
 },
 {
  "w": "single",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪŋɡəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪŋɡəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "单个的；仅一个的",
    "en": "Only one, rather than several or many."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "单身的；未婚的",
    "en": "Not married or not in a romantic relationship."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "单程的",
    "en": "For travel to a destination without a return journey."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A single candle lit the room during the power cut.",
    "zh": "停电时，房间里只有一支蜡烛照明。"
   },
   {
    "en": "No single policy can solve urban congestion without improvements to public transport and local planning.",
    "zh": "如果不改善公共交通和地方规划，任何单一政策都无法解决城市拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a single person｜一个人；单身人士",
   "every single day｜每一天",
   "a single ticket｜单程票",
   "a single parent｜单亲家长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "singly (adv.)",
   "singleness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sole",
   "unmarried"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "multiple",
   "married"
  ],
  "tip": "单程票英式常说single ticket，美式用one-way ticket。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "single"
 },
 {
  "w": "park",
  "uk": "/pɑːk/",
  "us": "/pɑrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公园",
    "en": "An open area with grass and trees for public enjoyment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "停车；泊车",
    "en": "To stop a vehicle somewhere and leave it there."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专用园区",
    "en": "An area set aside for a particular activity or purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared a picnic under the trees in the park.",
    "zh": "我们在公园的树下共进了野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing a park within walking distance of every neighbourhood can encourage exercise and strengthen community ties.",
    "zh": "让每个社区步行可达公园，有助于鼓励锻炼并加强社区联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public park｜公共公园",
   "park a car｜停车",
   "business park｜商务园区",
   "national park｜国家公园"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "parking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "公园用park；英式英语中停车场用car park。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "park"
 },
 {
  "w": "boy",
  "uk": "/bɔɪ/",
  "us": "/bɔɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男孩",
    "en": "a male child or young male person"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The boy carefully carried his puppy across the puddle.",
    "zh": "那个男孩小心地抱着小狗跨过水坑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every boy and girl should have equal access to education, regardless of their family's income.",
    "zh": "无论家庭收入如何，每个男孩和女孩都应享有平等的受教育机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a little boy｜小男孩",
   "a teenage boy｜十几岁的男孩",
   "a baby boy｜男婴"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "boyhood (n.)",
   "boyish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lad"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "girl"
  ],
  "tip": "通常指未成年男性；称成年男性为boy可能不礼貌。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "boy"
 },
 {
  "w": "chicken",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃɪkɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃɪkɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鸡",
    "en": "A bird kept for its eggs or meat."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鸡肉",
    "en": "Meat from a chicken, eaten as food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The chickens scratched the soil beside our vegetable patch.",
    "zh": "那些鸡在我们的菜地旁刨土。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing some red meat with chicken can reduce the environmental impact of a person's diet.",
    "zh": "用鸡肉替代部分红肉，可以减少个人饮食对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep chickens｜养鸡",
   "roast chicken｜烤鸡",
   "chicken breast｜鸡胸肉",
   "chicken soup｜鸡汤"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指活鸡时可数，指鸡肉时不可数；小鸡常用chick。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chicken"
 },
 {
  "w": "milk",
  "uk": "/mɪlk/",
  "us": "/mɪlk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奶；牛奶",
    "en": "A white liquid female mammals produce to feed their young."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挤奶",
    "en": "Take milk from an animal, especially a cow."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I poured some cold milk over my cereal.",
    "zh": "我往麦片上倒了些冷牛奶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Milk provides calcium and protein, although people with certain dietary needs may choose suitable alternatives.",
    "zh": "牛奶提供钙和蛋白质，但有特殊饮食需求的人可以选择合适的替代品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a glass of milk｜一杯牛奶",
   "skimmed milk｜脱脂牛奶",
   "milk a cow｜给奶牛挤奶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "milky (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "milk通常不可数；说a glass of milk，不说a milk。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "milk"
 },
 {
  "w": "and",
  "uk": "/ænd/",
  "us": "/ænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "和；并且",
    "en": "Connects words or statements that belong together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "然后；就",
    "en": "Connects an action with what follows or results from it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I bought fresh bread and cheese for our picnic.",
    "zh": "我为我们的野餐买了新鲜面包和奶酪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should invest in public transport and encourage cycling to reduce congestion in growing cities.",
    "zh": "政府应投资公共交通并鼓励骑行，以缓解发展中城市的交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "both ... and ...｜……和……都",
   "and so on｜等等",
   "more and more｜越来越多",
   "again and again｜一次又一次"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "连接并列成分时注意结构一致；口语常弱读/ən/。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "and"
 },
 {
  "w": "most",
  "uk": "/məʊst/",
  "us": "/moʊst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "大多数的；最多的",
    "en": "the majority of something, or the greatest amount or number"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "大多数；最大部分",
    "en": "the majority or greatest part of a group or amount"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "最；非常",
    "en": "to the greatest degree; sometimes used to mean very"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Most shops here close before we finish work.",
    "zh": "这里大多数商店在我们下班前就关门了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Most urban residents would benefit from reliable public transport that connects residential areas with major employment centres.",
    "zh": "大多数城市居民都会受益于连接住宅区与主要就业中心的可靠公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "most people｜大多数人",
   "most of the time｜大部分时间",
   "at most｜至多",
   "the most important｜最重要的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "more (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "least"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指用most people；特指用most of the people。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "most"
 },
 {
  "w": "story",
  "uk": "/ˈstɔːri/",
  "us": "/ˈstɔːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "故事；经历的叙述",
    "en": "an account of real or imagined events"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新闻报道",
    "en": "a report about an event in the news"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "楼层（美式）",
    "en": "one level of a building, in American English"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Grandma told us a funny story about her childhood.",
    "zh": "奶奶给我们讲了一个她童年的趣事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sharing a personal story can help students understand historical events from a more human perspective.",
    "zh": "分享个人经历可以帮助学生从更有人情味的角度理解历史事件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tell a story｜讲故事",
   "short story｜短篇小说",
   "news story｜新闻报道",
   "true story｜真实故事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "storyteller (n.)",
   "storytelling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tale",
   "account"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "楼层英式写storey，美式写story；高度不固定。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "story"
 },
 {
  "w": "other",
  "uk": "/ˈʌðə/",
  "us": "/ˈʌðər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "其他的；另外的",
    "en": "Different from or additional to those already mentioned."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "另外的人或事物",
    "en": "A remaining or different person or thing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This shoe fits, but where is the other one?",
    "zh": "这只鞋合脚，但另一只在哪里？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach practical skills alongside other subjects to prepare students for the demands of adult life.",
    "zh": "学校应在教授其他科目的同时传授实用技能，让学生为成年生活的要求做好准备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "other people｜其他人",
   "the other day｜前几天",
   "each other｜彼此",
   "on the other hand｜另一方面"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "other后接名词；others独立使用；两者中另一个用the other。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "other"
 },
 {
  "w": "apple",
  "uk": "/ˈæpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈæpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "苹果",
    "en": "a round fruit with firm flesh and red or green skin"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I packed an apple and a sandwich for lunch.",
    "zh": "我装了一个苹果和一个三明治当午餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing fresh fruit, such as apples, in schools may encourage children to develop healthier eating habits.",
    "zh": "在学校提供苹果等新鲜水果，可能有助于鼓励儿童养成更健康的饮食习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apple juice｜苹果汁",
   "apple pie｜苹果派",
   "an apple core｜苹果核",
   "a crisp apple｜脆苹果"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；“一个苹果”用an apple。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "apple"
 },
 {
  "w": "Chinese",
  "uk": "/ˌtʃaɪˈniːz/",
  "us": "/ˌtʃaɪˈniːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "中国的；汉语的",
    "en": "Relating to China, its people, or its languages."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汉语；中文",
    "en": "The group of languages spoken in China, especially Mandarin."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "中国人",
    "en": "People who come from China."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared Chinese dumplings at a small restaurant yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们在一家小餐馆一起吃了中式饺子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning Chinese can help international students develop a deeper understanding of cultural traditions in China.",
    "zh": "学习汉语可以帮助国际学生更深入地了解中国的文化传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Chinese culture｜中国文化",
   "learn Chinese｜学习汉语",
   "Chinese characters｜汉字",
   "Chinese cuisine｜中国菜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "China (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母始终大写；指一个中国人常用a Chinese person。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chinese"
 },
 {
  "w": "air",
  "uk": "/eə/",
  "us": "/er/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "空气",
    "en": "The mixture of gases surrounding Earth that people breathe."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "神态；气氛",
    "en": "A particular quality that someone or something seems to have."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使通风；公开表达",
    "en": "To let fresh air in, or express views publicly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I opened the window to let fresh air in.",
    "zh": "我打开窗户，让新鲜空气进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving air quality in cities requires cleaner transport and stricter controls on industrial emissions.",
    "zh": "改善城市空气质量需要更清洁的交通方式，以及对工业排放更严格的管控。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fresh air｜新鲜空气",
   "air pollution｜空气污染",
   "an air of confidence｜自信的神态",
   "air concerns｜公开表达担忧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "airy (adj.)",
   "airless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示空气时不可数；an air of表示“带有某种气质”。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "air"
 },
 {
  "w": "because",
  "uk": "/bɪˈkɒz/",
  "us": "/bɪˈkɔːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "因为；由于",
    "en": "Introduces the reason why something happens or is true."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I closed the window because the room felt cold.",
    "zh": "我关上了窗户，因为房间里有点冷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many commuters choose public transport because it is cheaper and produces fewer emissions than driving alone.",
    "zh": "许多通勤者选择公共交通，因为它比独自开车更省钱，排放也更少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "because of the weather｜由于天气原因",
   "because of this｜因此",
   "partly because｜部分原因是"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "since",
   "as"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "because 后接从句；because of 后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "because"
 },
 {
  "w": "team",
  "uk": "/tiːm/",
  "us": "/tiːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "队；团队",
    "en": "a group working together or playing a sport together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "合作；组成团队",
    "en": "to join someone to work together, usually with up"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our team celebrated with pizza after winning the match.",
    "zh": "我们队赢得比赛后，吃披萨庆祝了一番。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Working in a team helps students develop communication skills that are essential for future employment.",
    "zh": "团队合作有助于学生培养未来就业所必需的沟通能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "team member｜团队成员",
   "team spirit｜团队精神",
   "team up with｜与……合作",
   "research team｜研究团队"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "teamwork (n.)",
   "teammate (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "squad",
   "crew"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语中team可接单数或复数谓语。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "team"
 },
 {
  "w": "right",
  "uk": "/raɪt/",
  "us": "/raɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "正确的；合适的",
    "en": "Correct, true, or suitable for a particular purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "权利",
    "en": "Something you are legally or morally entitled to."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "右边的；右侧的",
    "en": "On the side opposite to the left."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You picked the right key to open the door.",
    "zh": "你选对了开门的钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every child has the right to receive an education, regardless of their family's financial circumstances.",
    "zh": "每个孩子都有受教育的权利，无论其家庭经济状况如何。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the right answer｜正确答案",
   "the right to education｜受教育权",
   "on the right｜在右边",
   "make the right decision｜作出正确决定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rightly (adv.)",
   "rightness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "correct",
   "appropriate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "wrong"
  ],
  "tip": "表示权利用a right to；表示在右边用on the right。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "right"
 },
 {
  "w": "difficult",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪfɪkəlt/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪfɪkəlt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "困难的；费力的",
    "en": "Needing considerable effort or skill to do or understand."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "难相处的；难应付的",
    "en": "Not easy to please, manage, or deal with."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This heavy suitcase is difficult to carry upstairs.",
    "zh": "这个沉重的行李箱很难搬上楼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many graduates find it difficult to secure stable employment without previous experience in their chosen field.",
    "zh": "许多毕业生发现，如果没有所选领域的工作经验，就很难找到稳定的工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a difficult decision｜艰难的决定",
   "difficult to understand｜难以理解",
   "a difficult customer｜难应付的顾客"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "difficulty (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hard",
   "challenging"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "easy"
  ],
  "tip": "常用find it difficult to do，勿把difficulty当形容词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "difficult"
 },
 {
  "w": "pencil",
  "uk": "/ˈpensl/",
  "us": "/ˈpensl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铅笔",
    "en": "A tool with a solid core for writing or drawing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用铅笔写或画",
    "en": "To write or draw something with a pencil."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sharpened her pencil before sketching the sleeping cat.",
    "zh": "她削好铅笔，开始画那只熟睡的猫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using a pencil allows students to revise diagrams easily as their understanding of scientific concepts develops.",
    "zh": "使用铅笔让学生能随着对科学概念理解的加深，轻松修改图示。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sharpen a pencil｜削铅笔",
   "in pencil｜用铅笔",
   "coloured pencil｜彩色铅笔",
   "pencil case｜铅笔盒"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用铅笔写说in pencil；pencil in指暂定安排。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pencil"
 },
 {
  "w": "somebody",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌmbədi/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌmbədi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "某人；有人",
    "en": "a person whose identity is unknown or not stated"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Somebody left a blue umbrella beside the front door.",
    "zh": "有人把一把蓝色雨伞落在了前门旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students are more likely to seek help when they know somebody will listen without judging them.",
    "zh": "如果学生知道有人会倾听而不评判他们，就更有可能寻求帮助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "somebody else｜别人",
   "somebody to talk to｜可以倾诉的人",
   "somebody special｜特别的人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "someone"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "nobody"
  ],
  "tip": "作主语时谓语用单数；回指常用they。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "somebody"
 },
 {
  "w": "person",
  "uk": "/ˈpɜːsən/",
  "us": "/ˈpɝːsən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人；个人",
    "en": "an individual human being"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "语法人称",
    "en": "a grammatical category distinguishing speakers, listeners, and others"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Only one person was waiting outside the bakery.",
    "zh": "只有一个人在面包店外等候。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every person should have access to affordable healthcare, regardless of income or employment status.",
    "zh": "每个人都应享有负担得起的医疗服务，无论其收入或就业状况如何。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in person｜亲自；当面",
   "a young person｜一个年轻人",
   "the average person｜普通人",
   "first person｜第一人称"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "personal (adj.)",
   "personally (adv.)",
   "personality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "individual"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "普通复数用people；persons多见于正式法律语境。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "person"
 },
 {
  "w": "street",
  "uk": "/striːt/",
  "us": "/striːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "街道",
    "en": "a public road in a town, usually lined with buildings"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We crossed the street to reach the bakery.",
    "zh": "我们穿过街道来到面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting trees along busy streets can improve air quality and make urban neighbourhoods more pleasant for pedestrians.",
    "zh": "沿繁忙街道植树可以改善空气质量，让城市街区更适宜步行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cross the street｜过马路",
   "busy street｜繁忙的街道",
   "residential street｜住宅区街道",
   "street lighting｜街道照明"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "street多指城镇中两旁有建筑的道路。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "street"
 },
 {
  "w": "include",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkluːd/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈkluːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "包括；包含",
    "en": "have someone or something as part of a whole"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使加入；把…列入",
    "en": "make someone or something part of a group or activity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Does the price include breakfast and a clean towel?",
    "zh": "这个价格包含早餐和一条干净毛巾吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban development plans should include affordable housing and reliable public transport to support low-income residents.",
    "zh": "城市发展规划应包含经济适用住房和可靠的公共交通，以支持低收入居民。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "include someone in｜让某人参与",
   "include a range of｜包含一系列",
   "price includes｜价格包含"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inclusion (n.)",
   "inclusive (adj.)",
   "including (prep.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "contain",
   "incorporate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "exclude"
  ],
  "tip": "include常列出部分内容，不表示完整清单。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "include"
 },
 {
  "w": "radio",
  "uk": "/ˈreɪdiəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈreɪdioʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "收音机",
    "en": "a device used to receive and play broadcast sound"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "无线电广播；无线电通信",
    "en": "broadcasting or communication using electromagnetic waves"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用无线电联系或发送",
    "en": "to contact someone or send information using radio equipment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dad keeps a small radio on the kitchen shelf.",
    "zh": "爸爸在厨房架子上放着一台小收音机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Radio remains an important source of information in remote communities where reliable internet access is limited.",
    "zh": "在难以稳定上网的偏远社区，广播仍是重要的信息来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "listen to the radio｜听广播",
   "radio station｜广播电台",
   "radio programme｜广播节目",
   "radio signal｜无线电信号"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "听广播常说listen to the radio；在广播中用on the radio。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "radio"
 },
 {
  "w": "post office",
  "uk": "/ˈpəʊst ˌɒfɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈpoʊst ˌɑːfɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "邮局",
    "en": "a place where people send mail and buy stamps"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I took the parcel to the post office before lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭前，我把包裹送到了邮局。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A local post office can provide essential services for rural residents who lack reliable internet access.",
    "zh": "当地邮局可以为缺乏可靠网络连接的农村居民提供基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local post office｜当地邮局",
   "post office counter｜邮局柜台",
   "post office branch｜邮局支局"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "post (n.)",
   "post (v.)",
   "postal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "标准拼写为post office，两词之间不加连字符。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "已将非标准连字符拼写改为post office",
  "id": "post-office"
 },
 {
  "w": "ice",
  "uk": "/aɪs/",
  "us": "/aɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冰",
    "en": "water that has frozen solid"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给糕点覆糖霜",
    "en": "to cover a cake or biscuit with icing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She dropped a few cubes of ice into her juice.",
    "zh": "她往果汁里放了几块冰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The loss of polar ice threatens wildlife habitats and can accelerate warming by reducing the reflection of sunlight.",
    "zh": "极地冰层的消失威胁野生动物栖息地，还可能因减少阳光反射而加速变暖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ice cube｜冰块",
   "sea ice｜海冰",
   "melt the ice｜融化冰",
   "ice a cake｜给蛋糕覆糖霜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "icy (adj.)",
   "icing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ice指冰时通常不可数；一块冰用an ice cube。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ice"
 },
 {
  "w": "evening",
  "uk": "/ˈiːvnɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈiːvnɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "傍晚；晚上",
    "en": "The part of the day between afternoon and bedtime."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent the evening cooking and listening to music.",
    "zh": "我们做饭、听音乐，度过了这个晚上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Evening classes allow working adults to gain new qualifications without giving up their current employment.",
    "zh": "晚间课程让在职成年人无需辞去现有工作，也能获得新的资格证书。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the evening｜在晚上",
   "this evening｜今晚",
   "evening classes｜晚间课程",
   "early evening｜傍晚时分"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指晚上用in the evening；this evening前不加介词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "evening"
 },
 {
  "w": "everything",
  "uk": "/ˈevriθɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈevriθɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "一切；所有事物",
    "en": "All things or all the things in a particular situation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "最重要的东西",
    "en": "The most important thing in someone's life or situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everything in my bag got wet during the storm.",
    "zh": "暴风雨把我包里的东西全弄湿了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although digital resources are valuable, students should not assume that everything they read online is accurate.",
    "zh": "虽然数字资源很有价值，但学生不应认为自己在网上读到的一切都准确无误。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "everything else｜其他所有事物",
   "everything possible｜一切可能的事",
   "mean everything to someone｜对某人无比重要"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "nothing"
  ],
  "tip": "作主语时谓语用单数：Everything is ready。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "everything"
 },
 {
  "w": "west",
  "uk": "/west/",
  "us": "/west/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "西；西方；西部",
    "en": "the direction where the sun sets, opposite east"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "西部的；朝西的",
    "en": "in or facing the direction where the sun sets"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向西；在西方",
    "en": "towards or in the west"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our kitchen window faces west, catching the evening sunshine.",
    "zh": "我们厨房的窗户朝西，能照到傍晚的阳光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in the west of the country could reduce regional inequalities and create employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "对该国西部的投资可以缩小地区差距，并创造就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the west｜在西部",
   "head west｜向西行进",
   "west coast｜西海岸",
   "due west｜正西方"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "western (adj.)",
   "westward (adv.)",
   "westerly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "east"
  ],
  "tip": "方位一般小写；the West指西方国家时大写。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "west"
 },
 {
  "w": "brother",
  "uk": "/ˈbrʌðə/",
  "us": "/ˈbrʌðər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "兄；弟",
    "en": "A male who has one or both parents in common with you."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My younger brother borrowed my bicycle this morning.",
    "zh": "我弟弟今天早上借用了我的自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Older brothers and sisters can support younger children's learning by reading with them regularly at home.",
    "zh": "哥哥姐姐可以通过经常在家陪弟弟妹妹阅读来帮助他们学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "older brother｜哥哥",
   "younger brother｜弟弟",
   "twin brother｜双胞胎兄弟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "brotherly (adj.)",
   "brotherhood (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "brother不区分兄弟；用older或younger说明长幼。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brother"
 },
 {
  "w": "mountain",
  "uk": "/ˈmaʊntɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈmaʊntən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "山；高山",
    "en": "a very high area of land with steep sides"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大量；一大堆",
    "en": "a very large amount of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Snow covered the mountain even in the middle of summer.",
    "zh": "即使在盛夏，那座山仍被白雪覆盖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Mountain communities often face higher transport costs because steep terrain makes road construction more difficult.",
    "zh": "山区社区往往面临更高的运输成本，因为陡峭的地形增加了修路的难度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mountain range｜山脉",
   "mountain peak｜山峰",
   "climb a mountain｜登山",
   "a mountain of work｜堆积如山的工作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mountainous (adj.)",
   "mountaineer (n.)",
   "mountaineering (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一座山用 mountain；山脉通常用 mountain range。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mountain"
 },
 {
  "w": "than",
  "uk": "/ðæn/",
  "us": "/ðæn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "比",
    "en": "used to introduce the second thing in a comparison"
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "比",
    "en": "used before a clause expressing the other side of a comparison"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My new backpack is lighter than my old one.",
    "zh": "我的新背包比旧的轻。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in public transport may be more effective than building additional roads in crowded cities.",
    "zh": "在拥挤的城市，投资公共交通可能比增建道路更有效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "more than｜多于",
   "less than｜少于",
   "rather than｜而不是",
   "other than｜除……以外"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "than用于比较；then表示“然后”，注意拼写。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "than"
 },
 {
  "w": "warm",
  "uk": "/wɔːm/",
  "us": "/wɔːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "温暖的；暖和的",
    "en": "having a comfortable temperature that is not hot"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "热情的；友好的",
    "en": "showing kindness, friendliness, or affection"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使暖和；变暖",
    "en": "to become warmer or make something warmer"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This thick blanket keeps me warm on chilly evenings.",
    "zh": "这条厚毯子让我在凉飕飕的夜晚保持暖和。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A warm welcome at school can help new students feel included and develop confidence.",
    "zh": "学校的热情欢迎能帮助新生获得归属感，并建立自信。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep warm｜保暖",
   "a warm welcome｜热情欢迎",
   "warm up｜热身；使变暖",
   "warm to someone｜渐渐喜欢上某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "warmth (n.)",
   "warmly (adv.)",
   "warming (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "cold",
   "cool"
  ],
  "tip": "warm比hot温度低；warm to某人指渐渐喜欢对方。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "warm"
 },
 {
  "w": "future",
  "uk": "/ˈfjuːtʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈfjuːtʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "未来；前途",
    "en": "The time ahead, or what will happen to someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "未来的；将来的",
    "en": "Happening or existing at a time after the present."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We talked about our future while walking home.",
    "zh": "我们走路回家时聊了聊我们的未来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should invest in renewable energy to protect the environment for future generations worldwide.",
    "zh": "各国政府应投资可再生能源，为世界各地的子孙后代保护环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the future｜在将来",
   "near future｜不久的将来",
   "future generations｜子孙后代",
   "bright future｜光明的前途"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "past"
  ],
  "tip": "in the future指将来；英式in future常指从今以后。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "future"
 },
 {
  "w": "German",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒɜːmən/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒɝːmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "德国的；德语的",
    "en": "relating to Germany, its people, or its language"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "德国人",
    "en": "a person from Germany"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "德语",
    "en": "the language spoken in Germany and some neighbouring countries"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared a traditional German cake after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，我们分着吃了一块传统德国蛋糕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "German universities attract international students through research opportunities and a wide range of degree programmes.",
    "zh": "德国大学通过研究机会和丰富的学位课程吸引国际学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "German culture｜德国文化",
   "learn German｜学德语",
   "a German citizen｜德国公民"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Germany (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母须大写；指德语时通常不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "german"
 },
 {
  "w": "all",
  "uk": "/ɔːl/",
  "us": "/ɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "所有的；整个的",
    "en": "the whole amount of something or every member of a group"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "全部；所有人或事物",
    "en": "everything or everyone in a particular group"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "完全地",
    "en": "completely or entirely"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "All the children brought fruit for the picnic.",
    "zh": "所有孩子都带了水果来野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should ensure that all citizens have access to affordable healthcare, regardless of their income.",
    "zh": "政府应确保所有公民无论收入如何，都能获得负担得起的医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "all day｜一整天",
   "all of us｜我们所有人",
   "all the time｜一直",
   "after all｜毕竟"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "none"
  ],
  "tip": "all可接复数或不可数名词；every接单数可数名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "all"
 },
 {
  "w": "come",
  "uk": "/kʌm/",
  "us": "/kʌm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "来；来到",
    "en": "Move towards the speaker or a particular place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "到来；发生",
    "en": "Arrive in time or happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "来自；源于",
    "en": "Have a particular origin or source."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Come inside and warm your hands by the fire.",
    "zh": "进来在火边暖暖手吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Much of the funding for public libraries comes from local government rather than private donations.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆的大部分资金来自地方政府，而非私人捐赠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "come home｜回家",
   "come from｜来自",
   "come true｜实现",
   "come to an end｜结束"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "arrive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "go"
  ],
  "tip": "不规则变化：come–came–come；come from表示来自。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "come"
 },
 {
  "w": "eat",
  "uk": "/iːt/",
  "us": "/iːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吃；进食",
    "en": "To put food in your mouth, chew it, and swallow"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We usually eat breakfast together before leaving the house.",
    "zh": "我们通常一起吃完早饭再出门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage children to eat more vegetables by providing affordable meals with a variety of fresh ingredients.",
    "zh": "学校可以提供价格实惠、包含多种新鲜食材的餐食，鼓励孩子多吃蔬菜。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "eat breakfast｜吃早饭",
   "eat out｜外出就餐",
   "eat a balanced diet｜均衡饮食",
   "eat well｜吃得健康"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eater (n.)",
   "edible (adj.)",
   "inedible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "consume"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不规则变化：eat—ate—eaten。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eat"
 },
 {
  "w": "carrot",
  "uk": "/ˈkærət/",
  "us": "/ˈkærət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胡萝卜",
    "en": "A long, usually orange root vegetable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诱因；奖励",
    "en": "A reward offered to encourage someone to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sliced a carrot and added it to the soup.",
    "zh": "她把一根胡萝卜切片，放进汤里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments can use tax reductions as a carrot to encourage businesses to invest in renewable energy.",
    "zh": "政府可以用减税作为激励，鼓励企业投资可再生能源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "raw carrot｜生胡萝卜",
   "grated carrot｜胡萝卜丝",
   "carrot and stick｜奖惩并用"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比喻奖励或诱因；carrot and stick指奖惩并用。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "carrot"
 },
 {
  "w": "near",
  "uk": "/nɪə/",
  "us": "/nɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在附近；接近",
    "en": "close to a place, time, or state"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在附近；临近",
    "en": "at or towards a short distance away in space or time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "近的；不久的",
    "en": "not far away in distance or time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a quiet café near the station.",
    "zh": "我们在车站附近找到了一家安静的咖啡馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building affordable housing near public transport can reduce commuting costs and improve access to employment.",
    "zh": "在公共交通设施附近建设经济适用住房，可以降低通勤成本并增加就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "near the station｜在车站附近",
   "in the near future｜在不久的将来",
   "come near｜走近",
   "nowhere near｜远远不及"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nearly (adv.)",
   "nearness (n.)",
   "nearby (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "close"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "far"
  ],
  "tip": "near可直接接地点；nearly通常表示“几乎”。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "near"
 },
 {
  "w": "parent",
  "uk": "/ˈpeərənt/",
  "us": "/ˈperənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "父亲或母亲",
    "en": "a person's mother or father"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "母公司",
    "en": "a company that owns or controls another company"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "养育；教养",
    "en": "to raise and care for a child as a parent"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each parent brought a snack for the school picnic.",
    "zh": "每位家长都为学校野餐带了一份点心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should involve parents in educational decisions because family support plays an important role in children's learning.",
    "zh": "学校应让家长参与教育决策，因为家庭支持在孩子的学习中发挥着重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "single parent｜单亲家长",
   "working parents｜在职父母",
   "parent company｜母公司",
   "parent involvement｜家长参与"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "parental (adj.)",
   "parenting (n.)",
   "parenthood (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "parent指父母中的一位；parents通常指父母双方。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "parent"
 },
 {
  "w": "famous",
  "uk": "/ˈfeɪməs/",
  "us": "/ˈfeɪməs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "著名的；出名的",
    "en": "Known by many people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This village is famous for its delicious apple pies.",
    "zh": "这个村庄以美味的苹果派闻名。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Famous landmarks attract international visitors, but tourism revenue should also support the communities surrounding them.",
    "zh": "著名地标吸引着国际游客，但旅游收入也应惠及周边社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "famous for｜因……而出名",
   "famous as｜作为……而出名",
   "world famous｜世界闻名的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fame (n.)",
   "famously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "well-known",
   "renowned",
   "celebrated"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unknown",
   "obscure"
  ],
  "tip": "famous for接出名的原因，famous as接身份。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "famous"
 },
 {
  "w": "just",
  "uk": "/dʒʌst/",
  "us": "/dʒʌst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "仅仅；只是",
    "en": "Only; no more than a particular amount or thing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "刚刚；正好",
    "en": "Very recently, or exactly at a particular point or degree."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "公正的；正当的",
    "en": "Fair and morally right."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I need just one more minute to finish packing.",
    "zh": "我只需要再一分钟就能收拾好行李。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A just society should ensure that all children can access quality education, regardless of family income.",
    "zh": "一个公正的社会应确保所有儿童都能获得优质教育，不受家庭收入影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "just a moment｜稍等片刻",
   "just in time｜刚好赶上",
   "just enough｜刚好足够",
   "a just society｜公正的社会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "justly (adv.)",
   "justice (n.)",
   "unjust (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "only",
   "exactly",
   "fair"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作副词可指仅仅、刚刚；作形容词指公正的。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "just"
 },
 {
  "w": "birthday",
  "uk": "/ˈbɜːθdeɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈbɜːrθdeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生日",
    "en": "The yearly anniversary of the day someone was born."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister baked a lemon cake for my birthday.",
    "zh": "姐姐为我的生日烤了一个柠檬蛋糕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although birthday celebrations vary across cultures, they often provide opportunities for families to spend time together.",
    "zh": "虽然不同文化中的生日庆祝方式各异，但它们往往能让家人有机会相聚。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a birthday cake｜生日蛋糕",
   "a birthday present｜生日礼物",
   "celebrate a birthday｜庆祝生日"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "birth (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "在某人生日当天用on，不用in或at。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "birthday"
 },
 {
  "w": "butter",
  "uk": "/ˈbʌtə/",
  "us": "/ˈbʌtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "黄油",
    "en": "a pale yellow fat made from cream, used in food"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "涂黄油于",
    "en": "to spread butter on food"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She spread some butter on a slice of warm bread.",
    "zh": "她在一片温热的面包上抹了些黄油。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing some butter with unsaturated oils can help people reduce their overall intake of saturated fat.",
    "zh": "用不饱和油脂替代部分黄油，有助于减少饱和脂肪的总体摄入量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spread butter｜涂黄油",
   "melted butter｜融化的黄油",
   "a knob of butter｜一小块黄油",
   "butter toast｜给吐司涂黄油"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "buttery (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "butter是黄油，cream是奶油；作食品名通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "butter"
 },
 {
  "w": "college",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒlɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːlɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学院；高等专科学校",
    "en": "An institution offering education beyond school, including practical or academic courses."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大学的学院",
    "en": "A constituent institution or division within a university."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin is studying nursing at a local college.",
    "zh": "我表姐正在当地一所学院学习护理。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Making college education more affordable could improve social mobility and provide employers with a more skilled workforce.",
    "zh": "降低高等教育费用可以促进社会流动，并为雇主提供技能更强的劳动力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go to college｜上大学或学院",
   "college student｜大学生；学院学生",
   "college education｜大学教育",
   "community college｜社区学院"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "collegiate (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常泛指大学；英式多指学院或继续教育院校。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "college"
 },
 {
  "w": "close",
  "uk": "/kləʊz/, /kləʊs/",
  "us": "/kloʊz/, /kloʊs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "关上；关闭；结束",
    "en": "Shut something or bring an activity to an end"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "近的；亲密的",
    "en": "Near in distance or connected by a strong personal relationship"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "靠近；接近",
    "en": "At a short distance from someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please close the window before the rain comes in.",
    "zh": "请在雨飘进来之前关上窗户。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When local libraries close, residents lose valuable spaces for independent learning and community activities.",
    "zh": "当本地图书馆关闭时，居民就失去了自主学习和开展社区活动的宝贵场所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "close a door｜关门",
   "close to home｜离家近",
   "a close friend｜亲密的朋友",
   "stay close｜待在近处"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "closed (adj.)",
   "closely (adv.)",
   "closeness (n.)",
   "closure (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shut",
   "near"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "open",
   "distant"
  ],
  "tip": "动词读/z/；形容词和副词读/s/。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "close"
 },
 {
  "w": "off",
  "uk": "/ɒf/",
  "us": "/ɔːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "离开；脱离",
    "en": "away from a place or position"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "从……离开；离开……表面",
    "en": "away from or no longer touching something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "关闭的；不工作的",
    "en": "not operating or not working at a particular time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dog ran off when the gate opened.",
    "zh": "门一开，那只狗就跑走了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Keeping unnecessary lights off in public buildings can reduce electricity consumption and lower operating costs.",
    "zh": "关闭公共建筑内不必要的照明可以减少耗电量并降低运营成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "turn off｜关掉",
   "take off｜起飞；脱下",
   "off duty｜不值班",
   "day off｜休息日"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "on"
  ],
  "tip": "off强调离开或关闭；of常表示所属，勿混淆。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "off"
 },
 {
  "w": "wait",
  "uk": "/weɪt/",
  "us": "/weɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "等待；等候",
    "en": "To let time pass until something happens or someone arrives."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "暂缓；推迟",
    "en": "To be left until a later time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "等待；等候时间",
    "en": "A period spent expecting something to happen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please wait here while I find my keys.",
    "zh": "请在这里等一下，我去找钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Patients in rural areas often wait longer for specialist treatment because local medical services are limited.",
    "zh": "由于当地医疗服务有限，农村地区的患者往往需要等待更久才能接受专科治疗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wait for someone｜等某人",
   "wait patiently｜耐心等待",
   "a long wait｜漫长的等待",
   "wait and see｜等等看"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "waiting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "等人用wait for someone；等着做用wait to do。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wait"
 },
 {
  "w": "under",
  "uk": "/ˈʌndə/",
  "us": "/ˈʌndər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在…下面",
    "en": "in or into a position below something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "少于；低于",
    "en": "less than a particular amount, age, or level"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在…状态或控制下",
    "en": "experiencing a condition or being controlled by someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cat curled up under the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "猫蜷缩在厨房的桌子下面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Under the new policy, local authorities must provide safer cycling routes near schools and residential areas.",
    "zh": "根据新政策，地方政府必须在学校和住宅区附近提供更安全的骑行路线。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "under pressure｜承受压力",
   "under control｜受控",
   "under construction｜在建",
   "under the age of｜年龄不满"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "below",
   "beneath"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "over",
   "above"
  ],
  "tip": "under可表位置、数量或状态：under pressure。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "under"
 },
 {
  "w": "Italian",
  "uk": "/ɪˈtæliən/",
  "us": "/ɪˈtæljən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "意大利的；意大利语的",
    "en": "Relating to Italy, its people, culture, or language"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意大利语",
    "en": "The main language spoken in Italy"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意大利人",
    "en": "A person from Italy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cooked Italian pasta with tomatoes and fresh basil.",
    "zh": "我们用番茄和新鲜罗勒做了意大利面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying Italian architecture can help students understand how historical buildings influence contemporary urban design.",
    "zh": "研究意大利建筑可以帮助学生理解历史建筑如何影响当代城市设计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Italian cuisine｜意大利菜",
   "speak Italian｜说意大利语",
   "Italian architecture｜意大利建筑"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "国籍和语言名称首字母大写；意大利人复数为Italians。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "italian"
 },
 {
  "w": "on",
  "uk": "/ɒn/",
  "us": "/ɑːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……上",
    "en": "Touching and supported by a surface."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在某日；关于",
    "en": "Used for days and dates, or to introduce a topic."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "开着；运行中",
    "en": "Operating or receiving power."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your keys are on the table beside the door.",
    "zh": "你的钥匙在门旁的桌子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing solar panels on public buildings can reduce energy costs and demonstrate a government's commitment to sustainability.",
    "zh": "在公共建筑上安装太阳能板可以降低能源成本，并展现政府对可持续发展的重视。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on the table｜在桌上",
   "on Monday｜在星期一",
   "a report on education｜一份关于教育的报告",
   "switch on｜打开"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "off"
  ],
  "tip": "具体某天用on；月份用in；钟点用at。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "on"
 },
 {
  "w": "personal",
  "uk": "/ˈpɜːsənəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpɝːsənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "个人的；本人的",
    "en": "Belonging or relating to one particular person."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "私人的；隐私的",
    "en": "Concerning someone's private life rather than public matters."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "针对个人的；人身攻击的",
    "en": "Directed at someone's character rather than their ideas or actions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please keep your personal belongings close while boarding the train.",
    "zh": "上火车时，请将个人物品放在身边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online services should protect personal information and explain clearly how they collect and use customer data.",
    "zh": "在线服务应保护个人信息，并清楚说明如何收集和使用客户数据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "personal belongings｜个人物品",
   "personal information｜个人信息",
   "personal experience｜亲身经历",
   "personal attack｜人身攻击"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "person (n.)",
   "personally (adv.)",
   "personality (n.)",
   "impersonal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "individual",
   "private"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "impersonal"
  ],
  "tip": "personal指个人的；personnel指全体员工，注意拼写。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "personal"
 },
 {
  "w": "possible",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒsəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːsəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可能的；可实现的",
    "en": "able to happen, exist, or be done"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "或许合适的；潜在的",
    "en": "worth considering as a choice or explanation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Is it possible to book a table for tonight?",
    "zh": "可以预订今晚的餐桌吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in renewable energy makes it possible for countries to reduce their dependence on imported fuels.",
    "zh": "对可再生能源的投资使各国有可能减少对进口燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "as soon as possible｜尽快",
   "possible explanation｜可能的解释",
   "make it possible｜使之成为可能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "possibility (n.)",
   "possibly (adv.)",
   "impossible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "feasible"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "impossible"
  ],
  "tip": "常用it is possible to do；不说人is possible to do。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "possible"
 },
 {
  "w": "cent",
  "uk": "/sent/",
  "us": "/sent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分（货币单位）",
    "en": "a monetary unit worth one hundredth of a dollar or euro"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一分硬币",
    "en": "a coin worth one cent"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I found a cent under the sofa cushion.",
    "zh": "我在沙发坐垫下面找到了一枚一分硬币。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For households with limited incomes, every cent saved on essential goods can contribute to greater financial security.",
    "zh": "对收入有限的家庭而言，购买必需品时省下的每一分钱都能增强经济保障。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "every cent｜每一分钱",
   "not a cent｜一分钱也没有",
   "a fifty-cent coin｜一枚五十分硬币"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cent是可数名词；金额超过一分通常用cents。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cent"
 },
 {
  "w": "describe",
  "uk": "/dɪˈskraɪb/",
  "us": "/dɪˈskraɪb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "描述；形容",
    "en": "to explain what someone or something is like"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you describe the bag you left on the bus?",
    "zh": "你能描述一下你落在公交车上的包吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "The report describes how access to public parks influences physical activity among residents of crowded cities.",
    "zh": "该报告描述了公共公园的可达性如何影响人口密集城市居民的体育活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "describe something in detail｜详细描述某事物",
   "describe something as｜把某事物形容为",
   "describe a process｜描述一个过程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "description (n.)",
   "descriptive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "portray",
   "depict"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "说describe something to someone，不说describe someone something。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "describe"
 },
 {
  "w": "say",
  "uk": "/seɪ/",
  "us": "/seɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "说；表达",
    "en": "To express something using words."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "写着；表明",
    "en": "To give information in writing or through other evidence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发言权；决定权",
    "en": "The opportunity to influence a decision."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please say your name again so I can remember it.",
    "zh": "请再说一遍你的名字，好让我记住。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents should have a say in planning decisions that directly affect their neighbourhoods and daily lives.",
    "zh": "居民应当对直接影响其社区和日常生活的规划决策拥有发言权。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "say hello｜打招呼",
   "say something to someone｜对某人说某事",
   "have a say in｜对……有发言权",
   "say for certain｜肯定地说"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "saying (n.)",
   "unsaid (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "说某事用say something；告诉某人用tell someone。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "say"
 },
 {
  "w": "lot",
  "uk": "/lɒt/",
  "us": "/lɑːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "大量；许多",
    "en": "a large amount or number, in a lot or lots"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "很；经常",
    "en": "very much or often, in the phrase a lot"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一块地；场地",
    "en": "an area of land used for a particular purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought a lot of fresh fruit today.",
    "zh": "我们今天买了很多新鲜水果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities can save a lot of energy by improving public transport and encouraging residents to walk.",
    "zh": "城市可以通过改善公共交通并鼓励居民步行来节约大量能源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a lot of time｜大量时间",
   "lots of people｜许多人",
   "a lot better｜好得多",
   "a parking lot｜停车场"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a lot of接可数复数或不可数名词；a lot可修饰动词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lot"
 },
 {
  "w": "grandfather",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrænfɑːðə/",
  "us": "/ˈɡrænfɑːðər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "祖父；外祖父",
    "en": "The father of your mother or father."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather taught me how to grow tomatoes.",
    "zh": "我的祖父教过我如何种番茄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A grandfather who provides regular childcare can strengthen family bonds and support working parents.",
    "zh": "经常帮忙照顾孩子的祖父或外祖父能够增进家庭感情，并为在职父母提供支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "maternal grandfather｜外祖父",
   "paternal grandfather｜祖父"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grandmother (n.)",
   "grandparent (n.)",
   "grandchild (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "granddad",
   "grandpa"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不区分父系母系；外祖父可说maternal grandfather。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grandfather"
 },
 {
  "w": "dear",
  "uk": "/dɪə/",
  "us": "/dɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "亲爱的；珍爱的",
    "en": "loved or valued very much"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "昂贵的",
    "en": "costing a lot of money"
   },
   {
    "pos": "int.",
    "zh": "哎呀；天哪",
    "en": "used to express surprise, worry, or disappointment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This little garden is very dear to my grandmother.",
    "zh": "祖母十分珍爱这座小花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Places that are dear to local residents deserve consideration when urban redevelopment plans are prepared.",
    "zh": "制定城市改造计划时，应顾及当地居民珍爱的场所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a dear friend｜挚友",
   "dear to someone｜为某人所珍爱",
   "oh dear｜哎呀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dearly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "beloved",
   "precious"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dear表“贵”主要用于英式口语；称呼常用Dear。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dear"
 },
 {
  "w": "sorry",
  "uk": "/ˈsɒri/",
  "us": "/ˈsɑːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "抱歉的；后悔的",
    "en": "feeling regret about something you did or something that happened"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "难过的；同情的",
    "en": "feeling sadness or sympathy because of someone's difficulties"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'm sorry I spilled juice on your clean shirt.",
    "zh": "很抱歉，我把果汁洒在了你的干净衬衫上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although companies may say they are sorry for environmental damage, meaningful action is needed to restore public trust.",
    "zh": "尽管企业可能对环境破坏表示歉意，但恢复公众信任需要切实行动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sorry for being late｜为迟到感到抱歉",
   "sorry about the mistake｜为错误感到抱歉",
   "feel sorry for someone｜同情某人",
   "sorry to hear that｜听到那件事很难过"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "apologetic",
   "regretful"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sorry for doing表示为所做之事道歉。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sorry"
 },
 {
  "w": "ear",
  "uk": "/ɪə/",
  "us": "/ɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "耳朵",
    "en": "One of the organs on your head used for hearing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "辨音能力；听觉",
    "en": "The ability to recognise and distinguish sounds."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谷穗",
    "en": "The grain-bearing part of a cereal plant, such as wheat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My ears felt cold, so I pulled on a hat.",
    "zh": "我的耳朵觉得冷，于是我戴上了帽子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular exposure to loud music can damage the ears and lead to permanent hearing loss.",
    "zh": "经常接触高音量音乐可能损伤耳朵，并导致永久性听力损失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an ear for music｜音乐辨音能力",
   "ear infection｜耳部感染",
   "an ear of wheat｜一穗小麦",
   "ear protection｜护耳用品"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "have an ear for表示善于辨听音乐、语言等。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ear"
 },
 {
  "w": "healthy",
  "uk": "/ˈhelθi/",
  "us": "/ˈhelθi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "健康的",
    "en": "physically well and not suffering from illness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有益健康的",
    "en": "helping to maintain or improve health"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "良好的；兴旺的",
    "en": "successful, strong, or developing in a positive way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our cat stays healthy with regular exercise and checkups.",
    "zh": "我们家的猫通过经常运动和定期检查保持健康。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should provide healthy meals to support children's physical development and encourage better eating habits from an early age.",
    "zh": "学校应提供健康膳食，以促进儿童身体发育，并鼓励他们从小养成更好的饮食习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a healthy diet｜健康饮食",
   "a healthy lifestyle｜健康的生活方式",
   "stay healthy｜保持健康",
   "a healthy economy｜繁荣的经济"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "health (n.)",
   "healthily (adv.)",
   "unhealthy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "well",
   "fit"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unhealthy",
   "ill"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容身体健康，也可形容饮食等有益健康。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "healthy"
 },
 {
  "w": "laugh",
  "uk": "/lɑːf/",
  "us": "/læf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "笑；发笑",
    "en": "To make sounds showing amusement or happiness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "笑；笑声",
    "en": "The sound or act of expressing amusement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The baby's funny dance made everyone laugh at dinner.",
    "zh": "宝宝滑稽的舞蹈让吃晚饭的每个人都笑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who laugh together regularly may develop stronger social bonds and cope better with everyday stress.",
    "zh": "经常一起欢笑的人可能建立更牢固的社会联系，并更好地应对日常压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "laugh out loud｜大声笑出来",
   "make someone laugh｜逗某人笑",
   "laugh at a joke｜听了笑话发笑",
   "a hearty laugh｜开怀大笑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "laughter (n.)",
   "laughable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "chuckle"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cry"
  ],
  "tip": "laugh at人常指嘲笑；laugh with人指一起笑。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "laugh"
 },
 {
  "w": "find",
  "uk": "/faɪnd/",
  "us": "/faɪnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "找到；发现",
    "en": "To discover something or locate what you were looking for."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "觉得；认为",
    "en": "To have a particular opinion or experience of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发现物",
    "en": "Something useful or valuable that someone discovers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I finally found my keys inside my coat pocket.",
    "zh": "我终于在外套口袋里找到了钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many students find online courses convenient, although some struggle to stay motivated without classroom interaction.",
    "zh": "许多学生觉得网络课程很方便，但有些人在缺少课堂互动时难以保持学习动力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "find a solution｜找到解决办法",
   "find out｜查明；弄清",
   "find it difficult to｜觉得做某事困难",
   "a valuable find｜有价值的发现物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "finder (n.)",
   "finding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "discover",
   "locate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lose"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为found；find＋宾语＋形容词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "find"
 },
 {
  "w": "sell",
  "uk": "/sel/",
  "us": "/sel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "卖；出售",
    "en": "to give something to someone in exchange for money"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "有销路；卖得",
    "en": "to be bought in a particular quantity or way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使人接受；推销",
    "en": "to persuade someone to accept an idea or proposal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They sell fresh bread at the market every Saturday.",
    "zh": "他们每周六都在市场卖新鲜面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses increasingly sell their products online to reach customers beyond their local communities.",
    "zh": "小企业越来越多地在线销售产品，以吸引本地社区以外的顾客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sell out｜售罄",
   "sell well｜畅销",
   "sell something to someone｜把某物卖给某人",
   "sell an idea｜推销一个想法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "seller (n.)",
   "sale (n.)",
   "selling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "buy"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为sold；sell well常用主动形式。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sell"
 },
 {
  "w": "walk",
  "uk": "/wɔːk/",
  "us": "/wɔːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "走；步行",
    "en": "To move on foot at a pace slower than running"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "散步；步行路程",
    "en": "A journey made on foot, often for pleasure"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walk to the bakery every Sunday morning.",
    "zh": "我们每个星期天早上都步行去面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Safe pavements and attractive public spaces encourage residents to walk rather than drive for short journeys.",
    "zh": "安全的人行道和宜人的公共空间能鼓励居民短途出行时步行而不开车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go for a walk｜去散步",
   "walk to school｜步行上学",
   "walk the dog｜遛狗",
   "a brisk walk｜快步走"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "walker (n.)",
   "walking (n.)",
   "walkable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stroll"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "字母l不发音；walk the dog意为遛狗。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "walk"
 },
 {
  "w": "as",
  "uk": "/əz/",
  "us": "/əz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "作为；以……身份",
    "en": "used to indicate someone's role or something's purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "当……时；因为；如同",
    "en": "introduces a time, reason, or way something happens"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "同样地；一样地",
    "en": "used in comparisons to show an equal degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She works as a guide at the local museum.",
    "zh": "她在当地博物馆担任讲解员。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As public transport becomes more reliable, fewer commuters may choose to drive to work.",
    "zh": "随着公共交通变得更加可靠，选择开车上班的通勤者可能会减少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "work as｜担任",
   "as a result｜因此",
   "as soon as｜一……就……",
   "as well as｜除……之外还"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "as表示实际身份；like表示相似。重读时读/æz/。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "as"
 },
 {
  "w": "run",
  "uk": "/rʌn/",
  "us": "/rʌn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "跑；奔跑",
    "en": "move quickly on foot, lifting both feet between steps"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "经营；管理",
    "en": "manage a business, organisation, or activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "运转；运行",
    "en": "operate, or make a machine or program operate"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We ran through the park before breakfast today.",
    "zh": "今天早饭前，我们跑步穿过了公园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local councils often run training programmes to help unemployed residents develop skills needed by employers.",
    "zh": "地方议会经常开办培训项目，帮助失业居民培养雇主所需的技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "run a business｜经营企业",
   "run a programme｜开展项目",
   "run smoothly｜运行顺畅",
   "run a marathon｜跑马拉松"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "runner (n)",
   "running (n)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sprint",
   "manage",
   "operate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式ran，过去分词run；现在分词running。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "run"
 },
 {
  "w": "light",
  "uk": "/laɪt/",
  "us": "/laɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "光；光线；灯",
    "en": "brightness that enables sight, or a device producing it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "轻的；明亮的；浅色的",
    "en": "not heavy, bright, or pale in colour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "点燃；照亮",
    "en": "make something burn or provide brightness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Warm light came through the curtains into our bedroom.",
    "zh": "温暖的光线透过窗帘照进了我们的卧室。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to natural light in classrooms may improve students' concentration and reduce electricity consumption.",
    "zh": "让自然光进入教室可能有助于提高学生的专注力，并减少用电量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "natural light｜自然光",
   "turn on the light｜开灯",
   "light a candle｜点蜡烛",
   "light luggage｜轻便行李"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lighting (n.)",
   "lightness (n.)",
   "lightly (adv.)",
   "lighten (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "dark",
   "heavy"
  ],
  "tip": "光线通常不可数；一盏灯用a light；动词过去式常用lit。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "light"
 },
 {
  "w": "look",
  "uk": "/lʊk/",
  "us": "/lʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "看；注视",
    "en": "direct your eyes towards someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "看起来；显得",
    "en": "appear to have a particular quality or condition"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "看；神情；外观",
    "en": "an act of looking, or someone's expression or appearance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Look at the tiny bird beside the window.",
    "zh": "看窗边那只小鸟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public parks often look more attractive when local residents help maintain their gardens and pathways.",
    "zh": "当当地居民协助维护花园和步道时，公共公园往往显得更有吸引力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "look at｜看",
   "look forward to｜期待",
   "take a look｜看一看",
   "look like｜看起来像"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "look at后接看的对象；look作系动词后接形容词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "look"
 },
 {
  "w": "first",
  "uk": "/fɜːst/",
  "us": "/fɝːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "第一",
    "en": "coming before all others in order or time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "首先；最初；优先",
    "en": "before anything or anyone else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This is my first visit to the seaside.",
    "zh": "这是我第一次到海边来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should first improve public transport before encouraging residents to give up private cars.",
    "zh": "政府应先改善公共交通，再鼓励居民放弃私家车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "first place｜第一名",
   "at first｜起初",
   "first of all｜首先",
   "first aid｜急救"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "last"
  ],
  "tip": "at first指起初；first可用于列举第一点。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "first"
 },
 {
  "w": "expensive",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspensɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspensɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "昂贵的；花钱多的",
    "en": "costing a large amount of money"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These boots are too expensive for my budget.",
    "zh": "这双靴子太贵，超出了我的预算。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Housing in major cities is becoming increasingly expensive, forcing many young workers to live farther from their workplaces.",
    "zh": "大城市的住房越来越贵，迫使许多年轻职工住到离工作地点更远的地方。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "too expensive｜太贵",
   "increasingly expensive｜日益昂贵",
   "expensive to maintain｜维护费用高",
   "an expensive mistake｜代价高昂的错误"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expense (n.)",
   "expensively (adv.)",
   "inexpensive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "costly",
   "pricey"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cheap",
   "inexpensive"
  ],
  "tip": "物品贵用expensive，价格高用high。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expensive"
 },
 {
  "w": "language",
  "uk": "/ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "语言",
    "en": "a system of words or gestures used for communication"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "措辞；表达方式",
    "en": "the words and style used in a particular context"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My neighbour teaches me a little of her language.",
    "zh": "邻居教我一点她的语言。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning a foreign language can broaden students' cultural understanding and improve their future employment prospects.",
    "zh": "学习外语可以拓宽学生的文化视野，并改善他们未来的就业前景。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "foreign language｜外语",
   "body language｜肢体语言",
   "language barrier｜语言障碍",
   "formal language｜正式用语"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指某种语言时可数；泛指语言能力时常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "language"
 },
 {
  "w": "busy",
  "uk": "/ˈbɪzi/",
  "us": "/ˈbɪzi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "忙碌的",
    "en": "Having many things to do or being actively occupied."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "繁忙的；人来车往的",
    "en": "Full of people, traffic, or activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "占线的",
    "en": "Already being used, especially a telephone line."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I am busy making soup for dinner right now.",
    "zh": "我现在正忙着做晚餐要喝的汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Busy urban roads can discourage cycling unless local authorities provide safe routes separated from motor traffic.",
    "zh": "繁忙的城市道路可能让人不愿骑车，除非地方政府提供与机动车流隔离的安全路线。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "busy doing something｜忙着做某事",
   "busy with work｜忙于工作",
   "a busy street｜繁忙的街道",
   "a busy schedule｜紧凑的日程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "busily (adv.)",
   "busyness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "occupied",
   "hectic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "idle",
   "quiet"
  ],
  "tip": "用busy doing或busy with，不用busy to do。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "busy"
 },
 {
  "w": "write",
  "uk": "/raɪt/",
  "us": "/raɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "写；书写",
    "en": "To form words on paper or a screen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "创作；写作",
    "en": "To create a story, article, or piece of music."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "写信",
    "en": "To send someone a letter or written message."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please write your address on this small card.",
    "zh": "请把你的地址写在这张小卡片上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who write regularly often develop stronger reasoning skills and express complex ideas more clearly.",
    "zh": "经常写作的学生往往能培养更强的推理能力，并更清晰地表达复杂观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write an essay｜写文章",
   "write to someone｜给某人写信",
   "write down｜写下；记下"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "writer (n.)",
   "writing (n.)",
   "rewrite (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不规则变化：write—wrote—written。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "write"
 },
 {
  "w": "Spanish",
  "uk": "/ˈspænɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈspænɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "西班牙语",
    "en": "the language spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "西班牙的；西班牙语的",
    "en": "relating to Spain, its people, culture, or language"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I practise Spanish with my neighbour after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后我和邻居一起练习西班牙语。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning Spanish can broaden students' access to literature and improve their opportunities for international employment.",
    "zh": "学习西班牙语能拓宽学生接触文学作品的渠道，并增加他们在国际就业市场上的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "speak Spanish｜说西班牙语",
   "Spanish culture｜西班牙文化",
   "Spanish-speaking countries｜西班牙语国家"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母大写；一个西班牙人可说a Spanish person。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spanish"
 },
 {
  "w": "dog",
  "uk": "/dɒɡ/",
  "us": "/dɔːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狗；犬",
    "en": "An animal often kept as a pet or trained for work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "长期困扰；纠缠",
    "en": "To cause persistent problems for someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our dog waits by the door every afternoon.",
    "zh": "我们的狗每天下午都守在门边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Training a guide dog requires considerable time, but it can greatly improve someone's independence.",
    "zh": "训练一只导盲犬需要大量时间，但它能显著增强使用者的独立生活能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "walk the dog｜遛狗",
   "a guide dog｜导盲犬",
   "a stray dog｜流浪狗",
   "be dogged by problems｜长期受问题困扰"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常见被动式be dogged by，表示长期受困扰。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dog"
 },
 {
  "w": "wine",
  "uk": "/waɪn/",
  "us": "/waɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "葡萄酒",
    "en": "An alcoholic drink usually made from fermented grapes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The restaurant uses a little wine in this mushroom sauce.",
    "zh": "这家餐馆在这款蘑菇酱里加了少量葡萄酒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Climate change is affecting wine production as rising temperatures alter grape quality and harvest times.",
    "zh": "气候变化正在影响葡萄酒生产，因为气温上升改变了葡萄品质和采收时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "red wine｜红葡萄酒",
   "white wine｜白葡萄酒",
   "wine production｜葡萄酒生产",
   "a bottle of wine｜一瓶葡萄酒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "winemaker (n.)",
   "winemaking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指葡萄酒时不可数；多种葡萄酒可用wines。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wine"
 },
 {
  "w": "talk",
  "uk": "/tɔːk/",
  "us": "/tɔːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "说话；交谈；谈论",
    "en": "to speak to someone or discuss something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谈话；会谈",
    "en": "a conversation or discussion between people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "演讲；讲座",
    "en": "a speech given to an audience about a subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We talked about our weekend plans over breakfast.",
    "zh": "我们吃早饭时聊了聊周末的计划。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should encourage students to talk openly about stress and seek support when they need it.",
    "zh": "学校应鼓励学生坦诚谈论压力，并在需要时寻求帮助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "talk about something｜谈论某事",
   "talk to someone｜与某人交谈",
   "give a talk｜作演讲",
   "hold talks｜举行会谈"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "talker (n.)",
   "talkative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "speak",
   "converse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "talk about接话题；talk to或with接人。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "talk"
 },
 {
  "w": "office",
  "uk": "/ˈɒfɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːfɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "办公室；办公楼",
    "en": "a room or building where people do administrative work"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "办事处；服务处",
    "en": "a place providing a particular service or handling official business"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公职；官职",
    "en": "an official position of responsibility, especially in government"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left my umbrella under the desk at the office.",
    "zh": "我把伞落在办公室的桌子下面了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working arrangements allow employees to divide their time between the office and home.",
    "zh": "灵活的工作安排让员工能够把工作时间分配在办公室和家中。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "office hours｜办公时间",
   "head office｜总部",
   "hold office｜担任公职",
   "take office｜就职"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "officer (n.)",
   "official (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "workplace"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "在办公室用in the office；任公职用in office。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "office"
 },
 {
  "w": "pants",
  "uk": "/pænts/",
  "us": "/pænts/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "裤子（美式）",
    "en": "Clothing covering the legs separately, from the waist down."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "内裤（英式）",
    "en": "Underwear worn around the hips and bottom."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These pants have deep pockets for my keys.",
    "zh": "这条裤子的口袋很深，可以装我的钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some schools allow students to wear comfortable pants rather than requiring a traditional formal uniform.",
    "zh": "有些学校允许学生穿舒适的裤子，而不要求穿传统的正式校服。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of pants｜一条裤子；一条内裤",
   "loose pants｜宽松的裤子",
   "underpants｜内裤"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式指裤子，英式常指内裤；用 a pair of 计数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pants"
 },
 {
  "w": "friend",
  "uk": "/frend/",
  "us": "/frend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "朋友；友人",
    "en": "someone you know well, like, and enjoy spending time with"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I met an old friend at the market yesterday.",
    "zh": "我昨天在市场遇到了一位老朋友。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Maintaining close friendships can improve mental wellbeing, as friends often provide emotional support during difficult periods.",
    "zh": "维持亲密友谊可以改善心理健康，因为朋友常在困难时期提供情感支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "close friend｜亲密的朋友",
   "childhood friend｜儿时的朋友",
   "make friends with｜与……交朋友",
   "keep in touch with friends｜与朋友保持联系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "friendly (adj.)",
   "friendship (n.)",
   "befriend (v.)",
   "unfriendly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "companion",
   "pal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "enemy"
  ],
  "tip": "“与某人交朋友”用make friends with，friends用复数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "friend"
 },
 {
  "w": "sure",
  "uk": "/ʃɔː/",
  "us": "/ʃʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "确信的；有把握的",
    "en": "Feeling no doubt that something is true or correct."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "一定会的；必然的",
    "en": "Certain to happen or do something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "当然；确实",
    "en": "Used informally to agree or strongly confirm something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Are you sure you left your keys here?",
    "zh": "你确定把钥匙落在这里了吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must make sure that rural communities have reliable access to essential healthcare services.",
    "zh": "政府必须确保农村社区能够稳定地获得基本医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make sure｜确保；确认",
   "be sure of｜确信",
   "be sure to｜一定会；务必",
   "for sure｜确切地；肯定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "surely (adv.)",
   "sureness (n.)",
   "unsure (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "certain",
   "confident"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unsure",
   "uncertain"
  ],
  "tip": "be sure of表确信；be sure to可表必然或叮嘱。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sure"
 },
 {
  "w": "very",
  "uk": "/ˈveri/",
  "us": "/ˈveri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "很；非常",
    "en": "Used to make an adjective or adverb stronger."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "正是的；恰好的",
    "en": "Used to emphasize an exact person, thing, place, or time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup is very hot, so let it cool.",
    "zh": "汤很烫，先让它凉一凉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable public transport is very important for residents who cannot afford to own a car.",
    "zh": "对于买不起汽车的居民来说，可靠的公共交通非常重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "very important｜非常重要",
   "very carefully｜非常仔细地",
   "the very beginning｜最开始",
   "the very same｜完全相同的"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "very通常修饰形容词或副词；修饰动词常用very much。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "very"
 },
 {
  "w": "dancing",
  "uk": "/ˈdɑːnsɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈdænsɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "跳舞；舞蹈",
    "en": "the activity of moving your body rhythmically, usually to music"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We go dancing together at the community centre every Saturday.",
    "zh": "我们每周六都一起去社区中心跳舞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular dancing can improve physical fitness while providing opportunities for social interaction across different age groups.",
    "zh": "经常跳舞可以改善体能，同时为不同年龄群体提供社交机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go dancing｜去跳舞",
   "ballroom dancing｜交谊舞",
   "folk dancing｜民间舞蹈"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dance (v.)",
   "dance (n.)",
   "dancer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作活动名词通常不可数；去跳舞用go dancing。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dancing"
 },
 {
  "w": "more",
  "uk": "/mɔː/",
  "us": "/mɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "更多的；额外的",
    "en": "A greater or additional amount or number of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "更；更加",
    "en": "To a greater degree or extent."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "更多；额外的数量",
    "en": "A greater or additional amount or number."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you add more rice to my bowl, please?",
    "zh": "请再给我的碗里添点米饭，好吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should invest more resources in preventive healthcare to reduce pressure on hospitals in the long term.",
    "zh": "政府应加大对预防保健的资源投入，以长期减轻医院的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "more than｜多于",
   "more and more｜越来越多",
   "more likely｜更有可能",
   "more information｜更多信息"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "less",
   "fewer"
  ],
  "tip": "可修饰可数或不可数名词；是 many、much 的比较级。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "more"
 },
 {
  "w": "book",
  "uk": "/bʊk/",
  "us": "/bʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "书；书籍",
    "en": "A set of pages joined together for reading"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "预订；预约",
    "en": "To arrange in advance to use a service or attend something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left my book on the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "我把书落在厨房的桌子上了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries provide free access to books, helping people continue learning regardless of their income.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆提供免费借阅书籍的机会，让不同收入的人都能持续学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "read a book｜读书",
   "borrow a book｜借书",
   "book a flight｜预订航班",
   "book an appointment｜预约"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "booking (n.)",
   "booklet (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reserve"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "book 作动词表示预订，可直接接房间、机票等。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "book"
 },
 {
  "w": "home",
  "uk": "/həʊm/",
  "us": "/hoʊm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "家；住所；家乡",
    "en": "The place where someone lives or feels they belong."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在家；回家",
    "en": "At or towards the place where you live."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "家庭的；国内的",
    "en": "Relating to your house or your own country."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked home together after dinner at the café.",
    "zh": "在咖啡馆吃过晚饭后，我们一起走回家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Working from home can reduce commuting costs, but it may also limit social interaction among colleagues.",
    "zh": "居家办公可以降低通勤成本，但也可能限制同事之间的社交互动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel at home｜感到自在",
   "return home｜回家",
   "home country｜祖国",
   "leave home｜离家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "homeless (adj.)",
   "homely (adj.)",
   "homeward (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "home作副词时前面不加to：go home。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "home"
 },
 {
  "w": "date",
  "uk": "/deɪt/",
  "us": "/deɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "日期",
    "en": "A particular day of a month or year."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "约会",
    "en": "An arranged meeting, especially with someone you find romantically attractive."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "确定年代；始于",
    "en": "To establish something's age, or originate in a particular period."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Have you chosen a date for the picnic?",
    "zh": "你选好野餐的日期了吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers used wooden tools found nearby to date the remains of this ancient village.",
    "zh": "研究人员利用附近发现的木制工具确定这座古村落遗迹的年代。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "set a date｜定日期",
   "go on a date｜去约会",
   "date back to｜追溯到",
   "expiry date｜到期日"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dated (adj.)",
   "dating (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "date back to表示始于某时期，不用被动语态。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "date"
 },
 {
  "w": "club",
  "uk": "/klʌb/",
  "us": "/klʌb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "俱乐部；社团",
    "en": "an organisation whose members share an interest or activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "夜总会",
    "en": "a place where people dance and socialise at night"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "高尔夫球杆；棍棒",
    "en": "a stick used to hit a golf ball or strike something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I joined a chess club to meet new people.",
    "zh": "我加入了一个国际象棋俱乐部，想认识些新朋友。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A school sports club can help students develop teamwork skills while encouraging regular physical activity.",
    "zh": "学校体育社团可以帮助学生培养团队合作能力，同时鼓励他们经常锻炼。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "join a club｜加入俱乐部",
   "a sports club｜体育俱乐部",
   "a club member｜俱乐部成员",
   "a golf club｜高尔夫球杆"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "join a club表示加入社团，不用join in a club。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "club"
 },
 {
  "w": "hundred",
  "uk": "/ˈhʌndrəd/",
  "us": "/ˈhʌndrəd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "一百",
    "en": "the number equal to ten times ten"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hall can hold about a hundred people.",
    "zh": "这个大厅大约能容纳一百人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Several hundred residents participated in the survey about proposed improvements to local parks and cycle routes.",
    "zh": "数百名居民参与了关于当地公园和自行车路线改进提案的调查。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a hundred people｜一百人",
   "two hundred｜两百",
   "hundreds of｜数以百计的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hundredth (num.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "具体数词后用hundred；泛指数百用hundreds of。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hundred"
 },
 {
  "w": "toilet",
  "uk": "/ˈtɔɪlət/",
  "us": "/ˈtɔɪlət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "马桶；便器",
    "en": "a bowl-shaped fixture used for getting rid of bodily waste"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "厕所；洗手间",
    "en": "a room containing a toilet"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The toilet upstairs keeps making a strange dripping sound.",
    "zh": "楼上的马桶一直发出奇怪的滴水声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to clean public toilets is essential for protecting health and making urban spaces welcoming to everyone.",
    "zh": "提供干净的公共厕所，对保障健康和打造人人友好的城市空间至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flush the toilet｜冲厕所",
   "public toilets｜公共厕所",
   "toilet paper｜卫生纸",
   "toilet seat｜马桶座圈"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "lavatory"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式toilet通常指马桶；问公共洗手间常用restroom。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "toilet"
 },
 {
  "w": "grandmother",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrænmʌðə/",
  "us": "/ˈɡrænmʌðər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "祖母；外祖母",
    "en": "The mother of your father or mother."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother grows fresh herbs on her kitchen windowsill.",
    "zh": "我的祖母在厨房窗台上种新鲜的香草。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For many working parents, a grandmother provides essential childcare and helps maintain strong family connections.",
    "zh": "对许多在职父母来说，祖母或外祖母提供了不可或缺的育儿帮助，也有助于维系紧密的家庭关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "maternal grandmother｜外祖母",
   "paternal grandmother｜祖母",
   "great-grandmother｜曾祖母；曾外祖母"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grandfather (n.)",
   "grandparent (n.)",
   "grandchild (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grandma",
   "granny"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指祖母或外祖母；口语常用grandma。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grandmother"
 },
 {
  "w": "Japan",
  "uk": "/dʒəˈpæn/",
  "us": "/dʒəˈpæn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "日本",
    "en": "An island country in East Asia"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We travelled around Japan by train during our holiday.",
    "zh": "假期里，我们乘火车游览了日本。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Japan has invested in earthquake-resistant buildings to reduce the risks associated with living in a seismically active region.",
    "zh": "日本投资建设抗震建筑，以降低生活在地震活跃地区所带来的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "visit Japan｜游览日本",
   "in Japan｜在日本",
   "travel to Japan｜前往日本"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Japanese (adj.)",
   "Japanese (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "国名首字母大写，通常不加the；日本人用Japanese。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "japan"
 },
 {
  "w": "lion",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪən/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狮子",
    "en": "A large wild cat, whose males usually have thick neck hair."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lion rested beneath a tree in the shade.",
    "zh": "那头狮子在树荫下休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting lions requires large habitats where they can hunt naturally without coming into conflict with farmers.",
    "zh": "保护狮子需要大片栖息地，让它们能够自然捕猎而不与农民发生冲突。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pride of lions｜一群狮子",
   "a lion's mane｜狮子的鬃毛",
   "the lion's share｜最大的一份"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lioness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "狮群用a pride of lions；母狮称lioness。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lion"
 },
 {
  "w": "exercise",
  "uk": "/ˈeksəsaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈeksərsaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运动；练习",
    "en": "Physical activity for health, or a task for practising skills."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "锻炼；运动",
    "en": "To do physical activity to stay healthy or become stronger."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "行使；运用",
    "en": "To use a right, power, ability, or quality."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I get some exercise by walking to the shops.",
    "zh": "我步行去商店，顺便锻炼一下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular exercise can improve mental health and reduce the risk of several common chronic diseases.",
    "zh": "经常运动能够改善心理健康，并降低几种常见慢性病的患病风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "regular exercise｜经常运动",
   "do exercises｜做练习",
   "exercise caution｜谨慎行事",
   "exercise your rights｜行使权利"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指运动时不可数；一项练习或一套动作中的动作可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exercise"
 },
 {
  "w": "wall",
  "uk": "/wɔːl/",
  "us": "/wɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "墙；围墙",
    "en": "An upright structure enclosing, dividing, or supporting a space."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用墙围住；用墙隔开",
    "en": "To surround or separate an area with a wall."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hung a colourful painting on the kitchen wall.",
    "zh": "我们在厨房墙上挂了一幅色彩鲜艳的画。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Green walls covered with plants can improve air quality and reduce heat in crowded urban areas.",
    "zh": "覆盖植物的绿墙可以改善空气质量，并减少拥挤城区的热量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stone wall｜石墙",
   "boundary wall｜界墙",
   "wall off｜用墙隔开"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "walled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "图片挂在墙上用on；嵌在墙内用in。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wall"
 },
 {
  "w": "some",
  "uk": "/sʌm/",
  "us": "/sʌm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "一些；若干",
    "en": "An unspecified amount or number of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "一些人；一些事物",
    "en": "An unspecified number or amount of people or things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "大约",
    "en": "Approximately, used before an amount or number."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I bought some fresh bread on my way home.",
    "zh": "我在回家的路上买了些新鲜面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some residents support the proposed cycle lanes, while others worry about losing parking spaces.",
    "zh": "一些居民支持拟建的自行车道，另一些人则担心停车位会减少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "some of｜……中的一些",
   "some time｜一段时间",
   "some advice｜一些建议",
   "some twenty years｜大约二十年"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可修饰复数名词或不可数名词；弱读常为/səm/。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "some"
 },
 {
  "w": "interested",
  "uk": "/ˈɪntrəstɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈɪntrəstɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "感兴趣的",
    "en": "Wanting to learn about or take part in something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有利害关系的",
    "en": "Likely to be affected by a situation or decision."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister is interested in learning to grow vegetables.",
    "zh": "我姐姐对学习种菜很感兴趣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who are interested in science should have regular opportunities to conduct practical experiments.",
    "zh": "对科学感兴趣的学生应该经常有机会开展实际实验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "interested in｜对……感兴趣",
   "interested to hear｜有兴趣听到",
   "interested parties｜利益相关方"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "interest (n.)",
   "interest (v.)",
   "interesting (adj.)",
   "interestingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "uninterested"
  ],
  "tip": "人感到有兴趣用interested；后接in加名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "interested"
 },
 {
  "w": "which",
  "uk": "/wɪtʃ/",
  "us": "/wɪtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "哪一个；哪些",
    "en": "Used before a noun to ask about a limited choice."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "哪一个；哪些",
    "en": "Used to ask about a choice without repeating the noun."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "……的那个；这件事",
    "en": "Introduces information about a thing or a previous statement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Which jacket should I wear to dinner tonight?",
    "zh": "今晚去吃饭我该穿哪件夹克？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must decide which policies will improve air quality without placing excessive financial pressure on households.",
    "zh": "政府必须决定哪些政策能改善空气质量，又不会给家庭造成过大的经济压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "which of｜……中的哪一个",
   "which one｜哪一个",
   "in which case｜如果是那样的话"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "which常用于限定范围内的选择；what范围更开放。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "which"
 },
 {
  "w": "way",
  "uk": "/weɪ/",
  "us": "/weɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方法；方式",
    "en": "A method of doing something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "路线；方向",
    "en": "A route or direction leading somewhere."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "远远地；大大地",
    "en": "By a large amount or distance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Show me an easier way to fold this sheet.",
    "zh": "教我一个更简单的叠床单方法吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving public transport is an effective way to reduce traffic congestion and urban air pollution.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通是减少交通拥堵和城市空气污染的有效方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an effective way｜一种有效的方法",
   "find a way｜找到办法",
   "on the way｜在途中",
   "way too expensive｜贵得多"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "method",
   "route"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“做某事的方法”可用way to do或way of doing。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "way"
 },
 {
  "w": "arm",
  "uk": "/ɑːm/",
  "us": "/ɑːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手臂",
    "en": "The body part connecting your shoulder to your hand."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "扶手；臂状部件",
    "en": "A projecting part of an object, especially a chair."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "武装；提供装备",
    "en": "To provide weapons or useful tools for a task."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She carried the sleeping baby gently in her arms.",
    "zh": "她轻轻地把熟睡的宝宝抱在怀里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should arm students with practical skills that help them adapt to a rapidly changing workplace.",
    "zh": "学校应让学生掌握实用技能，帮助他们适应快速变化的职场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fold your arms｜双臂交叉",
   "a chair arm｜椅子扶手",
   "arm someone with knowledge｜用知识充实某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "armed (adj.)",
   "unarmed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表“武器”用复数arms；arm还可作动词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arm"
 },
 {
  "w": "woman",
  "uk": "/ˈwʊmən/",
  "us": "/ˈwʊmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成年女性；女子",
    "en": "An adult female person."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The woman next door grows beautiful flowers on her balcony.",
    "zh": "隔壁那位女士在阳台上种了漂亮的花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ensuring that every woman has access to education can improve health and economic opportunities across generations.",
    "zh": "确保每位女性都能接受教育，可以改善几代人的健康状况和经济机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "young woman｜年轻女性",
   "working woman｜职业女性",
   "women's rights｜女性权利"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "womanhood (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "man"
  ],
  "tip": "复数women读/ˈwɪmɪn/，注意首音节变化。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "woman"
 },
 {
  "w": "next",
  "uk": "/nekst/",
  "us": "/nekst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "下一个的；紧接着的",
    "en": "coming immediately after the present one"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "接下来；下次",
    "en": "immediately after this; on the following occasion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our next bus leaves in about ten minutes.",
    "zh": "我们要坐的下一班公交车大约十分钟后发车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Over the next decade, governments will need to invest more heavily in affordable public transport.",
    "zh": "未来十年，各国政府需要加大对价格可负担的公共交通的投入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "next week｜下周",
   "the next step｜下一步",
   "next time｜下次",
   "next to｜紧挨着"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "following"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "previous"
  ],
  "tip": "“下周”用next week，不加the；the next week指随后一周。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "next"
 },
 {
  "w": "bookstore",
  "uk": "/ˈbʊkstɔː/",
  "us": "/ˈbʊkstɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "书店",
    "en": "a store that sells books"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bookstore near my flat stays open until nine.",
    "zh": "我公寓附近的书店一直营业到九点。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although online shopping offers convenience, a physical bookstore allows customers to browse and receive personal recommendations.",
    "zh": "虽然网购很方便，但实体书店能让顾客翻阅书籍并获得个性化推荐。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "online bookstore｜网上书店",
   "campus bookstore｜校园书店",
   "used bookstore｜二手书店"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "book (n.)",
   "bookseller (n.)",
   "bookselling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bookshop"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bookstore是美式常用词，不是借书的library。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bookstore"
 },
 {
  "w": "police",
  "uk": "/pəˈliːs/",
  "us": "/pəˈliːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "警察；警方",
    "en": "The official organisation responsible for preventing crime and maintaining order."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "维持治安；监督执行",
    "en": "To maintain order somewhere or ensure rules are obeyed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The police helped us find our missing bicycle.",
    "zh": "警方帮我们找到了丢失的自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective cooperation between police and local residents can improve public safety and build trust within communities.",
    "zh": "警方与当地居民的有效合作可以改善公共安全，并建立社区内部的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "police officer｜警察",
   "police station｜警察局",
   "call the police｜报警",
   "police an event｜维持活动秩序"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "policing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "the police作主语用复数；一名警察用a police officer。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "police"
 },
 {
  "w": "young",
  "uk": "/jʌŋ/",
  "us": "/jʌŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "年轻的；幼小的",
    "en": "Having lived or existed for only a short time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "幼崽；幼鸟",
    "en": "The babies of an animal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A young kitten fell asleep inside my empty shoe.",
    "zh": "一只小猫在我空着的鞋子里睡着了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Young people need affordable housing and stable employment to build independent lives in large cities.",
    "zh": "年轻人需要负担得起的住房和稳定的工作，才能在大城市独立生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "young people｜年轻人",
   "young children｜幼儿",
   "from a young age｜从小",
   "raise their young｜养育幼崽"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "youth (n.)",
   "youngster (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "youthful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "old"
  ],
  "tip": "the young指年轻人群体；动物的幼崽也可用young。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "young"
 },
 {
  "w": "photo",
  "uk": "/ˈfəʊtəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈfoʊtoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "照片",
    "en": "A picture made using a camera."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took a photo beside the old bridge.",
    "zh": "我们在那座老桥旁拍了张照片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historical photos provide valuable evidence of how urban landscapes and everyday lifestyles have changed over time.",
    "zh": "历史照片为研究城市景观和日常生活方式如何随时间变化提供了宝贵证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a photo｜拍照",
   "a family photo｜全家福",
   "a photo album｜相册",
   "a photo of｜一张……的照片"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "photograph (n.)",
   "photographer (n.)",
   "photography (n.)",
   "photographic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "photograph",
   "picture"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "photo是photograph的常用简称；复数为photos。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "photo"
 },
 {
  "w": "everybody",
  "uk": "/ˈevribɒdi/",
  "us": "/ˈevribɑːdi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "每个人；所有人",
    "en": "Every person in a group, or all people generally."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everybody is waiting outside for the doors to open.",
    "zh": "所有人都在外面等着开门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries should offer accessible services so that everybody can benefit from opportunities for lifelong learning.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆应提供无障碍服务，让每个人都能受益于终身学习的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "everybody else｜其他所有人",
   "almost everybody｜几乎所有人",
   "everybody involved｜所有相关人员"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "everyone"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "nobody"
  ],
  "tip": "作主语时谓语用单数：Everybody is ready。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "everybody"
 },
 {
  "w": "orange",
  "uk": "/ˈɒrɪndʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːrɪndʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "橙；橙子",
    "en": "A round citrus fruit with orange skin and juicy flesh."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "橙色的",
    "en": "Having a colour between red and yellow."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "橙色",
    "en": "The colour between red and yellow."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I peeled an orange and shared it with my sister.",
    "zh": "我剥了一个橙子，和妹妹分着吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An orange provides vitamin C, but a balanced diet requires a variety of foods.",
    "zh": "橙子能提供维生素C，但均衡饮食需要多种食物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "orange juice｜橙汁",
   "orange peel｜橙皮",
   "bright orange｜鲜橙色"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "橙子可数；表示橙色时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "orange"
 },
 {
  "w": "cinema",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪnəmə/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪnəmə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电影院",
    "en": "A place where people pay to watch films."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电影艺术；电影业",
    "en": "Films considered as an art form or industry."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We met outside the cinema and bought some popcorn.",
    "zh": "我们在电影院外碰面，买了些爆米花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International cinema allows audiences to explore unfamiliar cultures and consider social issues from different perspectives.",
    "zh": "国际电影让观众能够了解陌生的文化，并从不同角度思考社会问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go to the cinema｜去看电影",
   "a cinema ticket｜电影票",
   "world cinema｜世界电影",
   "independent cinema｜独立电影"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cinematic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "movie theater"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常说go to the cinema，美式常说go to the movies。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cinema"
 },
 {
  "w": "match",
  "uk": "/mætʃ/",
  "us": "/mætʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "比赛",
    "en": "a sports contest between two people or teams"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "相配；匹配；比得上",
    "en": "to go well together, correspond, or equal something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "火柴",
    "en": "a small stick that produces fire when rubbed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a football match at the local park.",
    "zh": "我们在附近的公园看了一场足球比赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Training programmes should match the skills taught in colleges with the needs of local employers.",
    "zh": "培训项目应使院校教授的技能与当地雇主的需求相匹配。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "win a match｜赢得比赛",
   "match A with B｜将A与B匹配",
   "strike a match｜划火柴",
   "a perfect match｜绝配"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "matching (adj.)",
   "unmatched (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "match强调搭配协调；fit常指尺寸合适。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "match"
 },
 {
  "w": "dining-room",
  "uk": "/ˈdaɪnɪŋ ruːm/",
  "us": "/ˈdaɪnɪŋ ruːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "餐厅；饭厅",
    "en": "A room where people eat meals."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We put fresh flowers on the dining-room table.",
    "zh": "我们在饭厅的餐桌上摆了鲜花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A shared dining-room can encourage social interaction among older residents who might otherwise eat alone.",
    "zh": "公共餐厅可以促进老年住户之间的社交互动，否则他们可能会独自用餐。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dining-room table｜餐桌",
   "dining-room furniture｜餐厅家具",
   "a spacious dining-room｜宽敞的饭厅"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dine (v.)",
   "diner (n.)",
   "dining (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "现代通常写作dining room，指用餐房间。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dining-room"
 },
 {
  "w": "need",
  "uk": "/niːd/",
  "us": "/niːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "需要；必须",
    "en": "To require something because it is necessary or important"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "需要；需求",
    "en": "Something necessary or the condition of requiring it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "贫困；困境",
    "en": "A situation in which essential things are lacking"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These plants need more water during hot weather.",
    "zh": "天气炎热时，这些植物需要更多的水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities need to improve public transport if they want to reduce dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "城市若想减少人们对私家车的依赖，就需要改善公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "need to do something｜需要做某事",
   "meet basic needs｜满足基本需求",
   "in need｜处于困境中",
   "an urgent need｜迫切的需要"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "needy (adj.)",
   "needless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "require"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "need to do表需要做；need doing表需要被做。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "need"
 },
 {
  "w": "hungry",
  "uk": "/ˈhʌŋɡri/",
  "us": "/ˈhʌŋɡri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "饥饿的",
    "en": "Feeling the need or desire to eat."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "渴望的",
    "en": "Having a strong desire for something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt hungry after our long walk by the river.",
    "zh": "在河边走了很久之后，我觉得饿了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School meal programmes help hungry children concentrate in class and participate more actively in learning.",
    "zh": "学校供餐计划帮助饥饿的孩子集中课堂注意力，更积极地参与学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel hungry｜感到饿",
   "go hungry｜挨饿",
   "hungry for success｜渴望成功"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hunger (n.)",
   "hunger (v.)",
   "hungrily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ravenous",
   "eager"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "full"
  ],
  "tip": "hungry for后接名词，表示渴望某物。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hungry"
 },
 {
  "w": "ago",
  "uk": "/əˈɡəʊ/",
  "us": "/əˈɡoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "以前",
    "en": "Before the present time, following an expression of time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left my umbrella on the bus an hour ago.",
    "zh": "一小时前，我把雨伞落在了公交车上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many jobs that seemed secure a decade ago now require workers to develop new digital skills.",
    "zh": "许多十年前看似稳定的工作，如今要求员工掌握新的数字技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a few days ago｜几天前",
   "a long time ago｜很久以前",
   "not long ago｜不久前",
   "as recently as a year ago｜就在一年前"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ago放在时间段后，通常搭配一般过去时。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ago"
 },
 {
  "w": "fruit",
  "uk": "/fruːt/",
  "us": "/fruːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水果；果实",
    "en": "Plant products containing seeds, often sweet and eaten as food."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成果；结果",
    "en": "The useful results of work or effort."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "结果实",
    "en": "To produce fruit."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She packed fresh fruit in my lunch box.",
    "zh": "她在我的午餐盒里放了新鲜水果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Making fresh fruit affordable could encourage healthier eating habits among families with limited incomes.",
    "zh": "让新鲜水果价格更亲民，可以鼓励低收入家庭养成更健康的饮食习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fresh fruit｜新鲜水果",
   "fruit juice｜果汁",
   "bear fruit｜结果实；取得成果",
   "the fruits of your labour｜劳动成果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fruitful (adj.)",
   "fruitless (adj.)",
   "fruity (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指水果通常不可数；fruits可指种类或成果。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fruit"
 },
 {
  "w": "son",
  "uk": "/sʌn/",
  "us": "/sʌn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "儿子",
    "en": "A male child in relation to his parents."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their son helped them plant flowers in the garden.",
    "zh": "他们的儿子帮他们在花园里种花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Parents should give their sons and daughters equal opportunities to pursue education and develop practical skills.",
    "zh": "父母应给予儿子和女儿平等的机会，让他们接受教育并培养实用技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an only son｜独生子",
   "an eldest son｜长子",
   "raise a son｜养育儿子"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "son与sun同音；成年男性也仍是父母的son。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "son"
 },
 {
  "w": "over",
  "uk": "/ˈəʊvə/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……上方；越过",
    "en": "above something or from one side to the other"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "超过",
    "en": "more than a particular amount, age, or level"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "结束",
    "en": "finished or no longer happening"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small bird flew over the garden wall.",
    "zh": "一只小鸟飞过了花园的围墙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Over half of the residents surveyed supported plans to create more green spaces in their neighbourhood.",
    "zh": "受访居民中有超过一半支持在社区内增设绿地的计划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "over the bridge｜越过桥梁",
   "over half｜超过一半",
   "be over｜结束",
   "all over the world｜世界各地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "under"
  ],
  "tip": "over可指越过或超过；be over表示结束。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "over"
 },
 {
  "w": "vegetable",
  "uk": "/ˈvedʒtəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈvedʒtəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蔬菜",
    "en": "a plant or plant part eaten as food"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought fresh vegetables at the market this morning.",
    "zh": "我们今天早上在市场买了新鲜蔬菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage healthier eating by serving a wider variety of vegetables at lunchtime.",
    "zh": "学校可以在午餐时供应更多种类的蔬菜，鼓励更健康的饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fresh vegetables｜新鲜蔬菜",
   "leafy vegetables｜叶菜",
   "vegetable soup｜蔬菜汤",
   "vegetable garden｜菜园"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常为可数名词；泛指多种蔬菜用vegetables。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vegetable"
 },
 {
  "w": "dictionary",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪkʃənəri/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪkʃəneri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "词典；字典",
    "en": "a resource listing words with their meanings, pronunciations, or translations"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I checked the pronunciation of this word in a dictionary.",
    "zh": "我查了词典，确认这个词的发音。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using a bilingual dictionary can help language learners understand unfamiliar vocabulary without relying entirely on their teachers.",
    "zh": "使用双语词典能帮助语言学习者理解陌生词汇，而不必完全依赖教师。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bilingual dictionary｜双语词典",
   "online dictionary｜在线词典",
   "consult a dictionary｜查阅词典",
   "dictionary entry｜词典条目"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "查词用look up a word in a dictionary。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dictionary"
 },
 {
  "w": "maybe",
  "uk": "/ˈmeɪbi/",
  "us": "/ˈmeɪbi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "也许；可能",
    "en": "Used to say that something is possible but not certain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Maybe we can have a picnic if the weather improves.",
    "zh": "如果天气好转，也许我们可以去野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Maybe cities could reduce traffic congestion by offering cheaper public transport rather than building more roads.",
    "zh": "也许城市可以通过提供更便宜的公共交通，而非修建更多道路，来缓解交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "maybe later｜也许晚点",
   "maybe not｜也许不会",
   "maybe next time｜也许下次"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "perhaps",
   "possibly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "maybe是副词；may be是情态动词加be。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "maybe"
 },
 {
  "w": "they",
  "uk": "/ðeɪ/",
  "us": "/ðeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "他们；她们；它们",
    "en": "Used for people or things already mentioned or understood."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "指性别未知或非二元者",
    "en": "Used for someone of unknown or nonbinary gender."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children waved as they boarded the bus.",
    "zh": "孩子们一边上公交车一边挥手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When a student receives constructive feedback, they are more likely to identify weaknesses and improve their performance.",
    "zh": "学生收到建设性反馈后，更有可能发现不足并改善表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "they are｜他们是",
   "they have｜他们有",
   "they say｜据说"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "them (pron.)",
   "their (det.)",
   "theirs (pron.)",
   "themselves (pron.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单数they也搭配are、have，不用is、has。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "they"
 },
 {
  "w": "many",
  "uk": "/ˈmeni/",
  "us": "/ˈmeni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "许多的",
    "en": "a large number of, used with plural countable nouns"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "许多；许多人或物",
    "en": "a large number of people or things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "How many apples do we need for the pie?",
    "zh": "做这个派需要多少个苹果？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many cities are investing in cycling infrastructure to reduce traffic congestion and improve public health.",
    "zh": "许多城市正在投资自行车基础设施，以缓解交通拥堵并改善公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "how many｜多少",
   "too many｜太多",
   "many of｜……中的许多",
   "a great many｜大量的"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "numerous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "few"
  ],
  "tip": "many 接可数名词复数；much 接不可数名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "many"
 },
 {
  "w": "cook",
  "uk": "/kʊk/",
  "us": "/kʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "烹调；煮；烧",
    "en": "to prepare food by heating it, or become ready through heating"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "做饭的人；厨师",
    "en": "someone who prepares and cooks food"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I usually cook vegetable soup when the weather turns cold.",
    "zh": "天气变冷时，我通常会煮蔬菜汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching children to cook simple meals can encourage healthier eating habits and greater independence later in life.",
    "zh": "教孩子做简单饭菜，可以培养更健康的饮食习惯，让他们日后更加独立。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cook a meal｜做一顿饭",
   "cook from scratch｜从原材料开始做饭",
   "a good cook｜做饭好吃的人",
   "cook over low heat｜用小火烹调"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cooking (n.)",
   "cooker (n.)",
   "cooked (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cook可指厨师；cooker在英式英语中指炉灶。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cook"
 },
 {
  "w": "away",
  "uk": "/əˈweɪ/",
  "us": "/əˈweɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "离开；远离",
    "en": "Moving or staying at a distance from someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "不在；外出",
    "en": "Not at home or at the usual place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The little bird flew away when I opened the window.",
    "zh": "我打开窗户时，小鸟飞走了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Moving away from crowded cities can improve wellbeing, but may reduce access to employment.",
    "zh": "搬离拥挤的城市可能改善身心健康，但也可能减少就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go away｜离开",
   "far away｜在远处",
   "away from home｜不在家",
   "put away｜收好"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "away是副词；表示“远离某处”用away from。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "away"
 },
 {
  "w": "salad",
  "uk": "/ˈsæləd/",
  "us": "/ˈsæləd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "沙拉；凉拌菜",
    "en": "a cold dish of vegetables or other mixed ingredients"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I added cucumber and tomatoes to the salad.",
    "zh": "我往沙拉里加了黄瓜和番茄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Offering fresh salad in school cafeterias can encourage children to eat a wider variety of vegetables.",
    "zh": "学校食堂供应新鲜沙拉，有助于鼓励儿童摄入更多种类的蔬菜。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "green salad｜绿叶蔬菜沙拉",
   "fruit salad｜水果沙拉",
   "salad dressing｜沙拉酱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指一份沙拉，也可不可数地指沙拉这种食物。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "salad"
 },
 {
  "w": "out",
  "uk": "/aʊt/",
  "us": "/aʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在外；向外；不在家",
    "en": "Away from the inside of a place, or from home."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "熄灭；停止运转",
    "en": "No longer burning, shining, or working."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "公开；问世",
    "en": "Available to the public or no longer secret."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We went out for a walk after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后我们出去散步了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When a new research report comes out, journalists should examine its evidence before reporting its conclusions.",
    "zh": "新的研究报告发布时，记者应先审查其证据，再报道其结论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go out｜外出",
   "eat out｜在外就餐",
   "come out｜出版；发布",
   "put out a fire｜灭火"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "in"
  ],
  "tip": "out 常作副词；在某物外面可用 outside。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "out"
 },
 {
  "w": "excited",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "兴奋的；激动的",
    "en": "Feeling very happy and enthusiastic about something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children were excited about their first camping trip.",
    "zh": "孩子们对第一次露营旅行感到兴奋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students are often more excited about learning when lessons involve practical experiments and opportunities for discovery.",
    "zh": "当课程包含实践实验和探索机会时，学生往往对学习更有热情。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "excited about｜对……感到兴奋",
   "excited to hear｜听到……很激动",
   "get excited｜兴奋起来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "excite (v.)",
   "excitement (n.)",
   "exciting (adj.)",
   "excitedly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thrilled",
   "enthusiastic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "bored"
  ],
  "tip": "人感到兴奋用excited；事物令人兴奋用exciting。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "excited"
 },
 {
  "w": "invite",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvaɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "邀请",
    "en": "to ask someone to attend something or do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "征求；引起",
    "en": "to request a response or make a reaction likely"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Let's invite our new neighbours over for dinner.",
    "zh": "我们邀请新邻居过来吃晚饭吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local councils should invite residents to discuss proposed changes before making decisions about public spaces.",
    "zh": "地方议会在就公共空间作出决定前，应邀请居民讨论拟议的改动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "invite someone to dinner｜邀请某人吃晚饭",
   "invite someone to do something｜邀请某人做某事",
   "invite feedback｜征求反馈",
   "invite criticism｜招致批评"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "invitation (n.)",
   "inviting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ask"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "invite sb to＋活动；invite sb to do＋动作。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "invite"
 },
 {
  "w": "phone",
  "uk": "/fəʊn/",
  "us": "/foʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电话；手机",
    "en": "a device used to speak to people at a distance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……打电话",
    "en": "to contact someone using a telephone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My phone rang while I was washing the dishes.",
    "zh": "我洗碗时，电话响了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Limiting phone use in classrooms may help students concentrate more effectively on lessons and group activities.",
    "zh": "限制课堂上的手机使用，可能有助于学生更专注于课程和小组活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "answer the phone｜接电话",
   "on the phone｜在通话",
   "mobile phone｜手机",
   "phone someone back｜给某人回电话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "telephone (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "telephone",
   "call"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词直接接人：phone someone，不加to。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "phone"
 },
 {
  "w": "miss",
  "uk": "/mɪs/",
  "us": "/mɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "错过；未赶上",
    "en": "to fail to catch, attend, or experience something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "想念",
    "en": "to feel sad because someone or something is absent"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "未击中；未察觉",
    "en": "to fail to hit a target or notice something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Hurry up, or we will miss the last bus.",
    "zh": "快点，否则我们会错过末班公交车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who miss several lessons may need additional support to keep up with their classmates.",
    "zh": "缺了几节课的学生可能需要额外帮助，才能跟上同学的进度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "miss the bus｜没赶上公交车",
   "miss an opportunity｜错失机会",
   "miss someone｜想念某人",
   "miss the point｜没理解要点"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "missing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "miss后接名词或动名词，不接to do。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "miss"
 },
 {
  "w": "travel",
  "uk": "/ˈtrævl/",
  "us": "/ˈtrævl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "旅行；行进",
    "en": "To go from one place to another."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旅行；出行",
    "en": "The activity of going to other places."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "传播；传送",
    "en": "To move or spread from one place to another."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We usually travel by train to visit our grandparents.",
    "zh": "我们通常坐火车去看望祖父母。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable public transport enables residents to travel more sustainably and reduces dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "价格合理的公共交通让居民能够以更可持续的方式出行，并减少对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "travel abroad｜出国旅行",
   "travel by train｜乘火车出行",
   "air travel｜航空旅行",
   "travel insurance｜旅行保险"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "traveller (n.)",
   "travelling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "journey"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指旅行时travel不可数；一次旅行用a trip。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "travel"
 },
 {
  "w": "follow",
  "uk": "/ˈfɒləʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈfɑːloʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "跟随；沿着走",
    "en": "To move behind someone or along a route."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "遵循；听从",
    "en": "To act according to instructions, rules, or advice."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "理解；听懂",
    "en": "To understand what someone says or explains."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Follow this path until you reach the wooden bridge.",
    "zh": "沿着这条小路走，直到到达木桥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach children how to follow safety guidelines when using digital devices and online services.",
    "zh": "学校应教导儿童在使用数字设备和网络服务时如何遵守安全准则。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "follow instructions｜按照指示做",
   "follow advice｜听从建议",
   "follow a path｜沿小路走",
   "follow an argument｜理解论证思路"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "follower (n.)",
   "following (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "follow直接接宾语：follow me，不加with。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "follow"
 },
 {
  "w": "American",
  "uk": "/əˈmerɪkən/",
  "us": "/əˈmerɪkən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "美国的；美国人的",
    "en": "relating to the United States, its people, or its culture"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "美国人",
    "en": "a person from the United States"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My American neighbour invited us over for pumpkin pie.",
    "zh": "我的美国邻居邀请我们去他家吃南瓜派。"
   },
   {
    "en": "American universities attract international students through their diverse courses, research facilities, and opportunities for professional development.",
    "zh": "美国大学凭借多样的课程、科研设施和职业发展机会吸引国际学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "American English｜美式英语",
   "American culture｜美国文化",
   "an American citizen｜美国公民"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "America (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母始终大写；通常指美国，而非整个美洲。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "american"
 },
 {
  "w": "Russian",
  "uk": "/ˈrʌʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈrʌʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "俄罗斯的；俄语的",
    "en": "Relating to Russia, its people, or its language."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "俄罗斯人",
    "en": "A person from Russia."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "俄语",
    "en": "The main language spoken in Russia."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cooked Russian dumplings for dinner last night.",
    "zh": "昨晚我们做了俄式饺子当晚餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying Russian literature can help students explore how historical events influence cultural identity and artistic expression.",
    "zh": "学习俄罗斯文学可以帮助学生探究历史事件如何影响文化认同和艺术表达。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Russian literature｜俄罗斯文学",
   "Russian speaker｜说俄语的人",
   "learn Russian｜学俄语"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Russia (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母须大写；指俄语时通常不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "russian"
 },
 {
  "w": "weather",
  "uk": "/ˈweðə(r)/",
  "us": "/ˈweðɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天气",
    "en": "Conditions outside, such as rain, sunshine, wind, and temperature."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "经受住；渡过难关",
    "en": "To survive a difficult situation without serious damage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "风化；受风雨侵蚀",
    "en": "To change or become damaged through exposure to outdoor conditions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The weather turned sunny just before our picnic.",
    "zh": "就在我们野餐前，天气转晴了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Extreme weather can disrupt food production and increase the cost of basic goods for vulnerable communities.",
    "zh": "极端天气会扰乱粮食生产，并推高弱势社区基本商品的价格。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "weather forecast｜天气预报",
   "extreme weather｜极端天气",
   "weather conditions｜天气状况",
   "weather a storm｜经受风暴；渡过危机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "weathered (adj.)",
   "weathering (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示天气时不可数；climate指长期气候特征。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "weather"
 },
 {
  "w": "twice",
  "uk": "/twaɪs/",
  "us": "/twaɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "两次",
    "en": "On two occasions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "两倍",
    "en": "To double the amount, degree, or size."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I checked my bag twice but couldn't find my keys.",
    "zh": "我检查了两次包，却没找到钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents who exercise at least twice a week may experience improvements in their physical and mental health.",
    "zh": "每周至少锻炼两次的居民，身心健康可能得到改善。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "twice a week｜每周两次",
   "twice as much｜两倍那么多",
   "think twice｜再三考虑",
   "twice the size｜两倍大"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "两倍常用twice as…as或twice the＋名词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "twice"
 },
 {
  "w": "sing",
  "uk": "/sɪŋ/",
  "us": "/sɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "唱；唱歌",
    "en": "To make musical sounds with your voice."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "鸟鸣；鸣啭",
    "en": "For a bird to make pleasant musical sounds."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sing our favourite songs while washing the dishes.",
    "zh": "我们一边洗碗，一边唱自己最喜欢的歌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children who sing together regularly may develop greater confidence and stronger relationships with their classmates.",
    "zh": "经常一起唱歌的孩子可能会变得更加自信，与同学的关系也更加紧密。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sing a song｜唱一首歌",
   "sing along｜跟着唱",
   "sing in a choir｜在合唱团唱歌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "singer (n.)",
   "singing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不规则变化：sing—sang—sung。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sing"
 },
 {
  "w": "university",
  "uk": "/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti/",
  "us": "/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːrsəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大学",
    "en": "an institution offering degree courses and conducting advanced research"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister studies engineering at a university near home.",
    "zh": "我姐姐在离家不远的一所大学读工程学。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should improve access to university so that talented students are not excluded by financial barriers.",
    "zh": "政府应扩大接受大学教育的机会，避免有才华的学生因经济障碍被拒之门外。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go to university｜上大学",
   "university degree｜大学学位",
   "university campus｜大学校园",
   "university tuition fees｜大学学费"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用a university而非an，因开头发辅音/j/。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "university"
 },
 {
  "w": "give",
  "uk": "/ɡɪv/",
  "us": "/ɡɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给；赠送",
    "en": "to hand something to someone or let them have it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提供；带来",
    "en": "to provide something or cause someone to experience something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "举办；作出",
    "en": "to hold an event or perform an action for others"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please give your sister a clean towel after swimming.",
    "zh": "游泳后请给你妹妹一条干净的毛巾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should give students opportunities to develop practical skills through projects that address real community needs.",
    "zh": "学校应通过解决社区实际需求的项目，让学生有机会培养实践技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "give advice｜提供建议",
   "give a presentation｜作报告",
   "give someone a chance｜给某人机会",
   "give permission｜给予许可"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "giver (n.)",
   "giving (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "receive"
  ],
  "tip": "give sb sth＝give sth to sb；过去式gave。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "give"
 },
 {
  "w": "shirt",
  "uk": "/ʃɜːt/",
  "us": "/ʃɝːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "衬衫",
    "en": "an upper-body garment, usually with sleeves, a collar, and front buttons"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He ironed his blue shirt before the interview.",
    "zh": "他在面试前熨好了自己的蓝衬衫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some employers require staff to wear a formal shirt, while others allow more casual clothing.",
    "zh": "一些雇主要求员工穿正式衬衫，另一些则允许更休闲的着装。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cotton shirt｜棉质衬衫",
   "a short-sleeved shirt｜短袖衬衫",
   "button up a shirt｜扣好衬衫扣子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shirtless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "shirt通常指衬衫；T-shirt才是T恤。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shirt"
 },
 {
  "w": "Britain",
  "uk": "/ˈbrɪtən/",
  "us": "/ˈbrɪtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英国；大不列颠",
    "en": "the United Kingdom, or the island containing England, Scotland and Wales"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin moved to Britain to study nursing.",
    "zh": "我的表亲搬到英国学习护理。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Britain has invested in offshore wind farms to reduce its reliance on fossil fuels for electricity generation.",
    "zh": "英国投资建设海上风电场，以减少发电对化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "across Britain｜遍及英国",
   "modern Britain｜现代英国",
   "Great Britain｜大不列颠"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "British (adj.)",
   "Briton (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "Britain常指英国；Great Britain不包括北爱尔兰。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "britain"
 },
 {
  "w": "giraffe",
  "uk": "/dʒəˈrɑːf/",
  "us": "/dʒəˈræf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "长颈鹿",
    "en": "A tall African animal with a long neck and spotted coat"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The giraffe stretched its neck to reach the highest leaves.",
    "zh": "那只长颈鹿伸长脖子去够最高处的叶子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting natural habitats is essential for maintaining healthy giraffe populations and preserving biodiversity in African grasslands.",
    "zh": "保护自然栖息地对于维持健康的长颈鹿种群和保护非洲草原的生物多样性至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a herd of giraffes｜一群长颈鹿",
   "a giraffe calf｜长颈鹿幼崽",
   "giraffe conservation｜长颈鹿保护"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "重音在第二音节，复数通常加-s。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "giraffe"
 },
 {
  "w": "behind",
  "uk": "/bɪˈhaɪnd/",
  "us": "/bɪˈhaɪnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……后面",
    "en": "at or towards the back of someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在后面；落后",
    "en": "at the back or making less progress than expected"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "是……的幕后原因",
    "en": "responsible for causing or supporting something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your umbrella is behind the door in the kitchen.",
    "zh": "你的伞在厨房的门后面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who fall behind at school may benefit from additional support rather than stricter discipline.",
    "zh": "在学校学习落后的学生可能更需要额外的支持，而非更严格的纪律。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "behind the scenes｜在幕后",
   "fall behind｜落后",
   "behind schedule｜落后于进度"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "ahead"
  ],
  "tip": "behind可作介词或副词；fall behind表示落后。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "behind"
 },
 {
  "w": "cheap",
  "uk": "/tʃiːp/",
  "us": "/tʃiːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "便宜的；价低的",
    "en": "costing little money or less than usual"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "劣质的；廉价的",
    "en": "of poor quality and little value"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a cheap café near the train station.",
    "zh": "我们在火车站附近找到了一家价格实惠的咖啡馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cheap public transport can improve access to employment and reduce dependence on private cars in large cities.",
    "zh": "价格低廉的公共交通能改善大城市居民的就业可达性，并减少对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cheap tickets｜便宜的票",
   "cheap labour｜廉价劳动力",
   "cheap and cheerful｜价廉实用",
   "a cheap alternative｜便宜的替代选择"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cheaply (adv.)",
   "cheapness (n.)",
   "cheapen (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inexpensive",
   "low-cost"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "expensive",
   "costly"
  ],
  "tip": "cheap有时暗示质量差；中性表达可用inexpensive。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cheap"
 },
 {
  "w": "great",
  "uk": "/ɡreɪt/",
  "us": "/ɡreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；出色的",
    "en": "Very good or enjoyable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巨大的；程度很高的",
    "en": "Very large in amount, size, or degree."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "伟大的；杰出的",
    "en": "Highly important, admired, or successful."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had a great afternoon swimming in the lake.",
    "zh": "我们在湖里游泳，度过了一个愉快的下午。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to reliable internet is of great importance for students living in remote areas.",
    "zh": "对于居住在偏远地区的学生来说，能够使用可靠的互联网至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a great opportunity｜极好的机会",
   "of great importance｜非常重要",
   "a great deal of｜大量的",
   "a great achievement｜杰出成就"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "greatness (n.)",
   "greatly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "excellent",
   "outstanding"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "terrible"
  ],
  "tip": "a great deal of后接不可数名词，表示大量。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "great"
 },
 {
  "w": "rain",
  "uk": "/reɪn/",
  "us": "/reɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雨；雨水",
    "en": "Water that falls from clouds in drops"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "下雨",
    "en": "For water drops to fall from clouds"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy rain kept us inside for the whole afternoon.",
    "zh": "大雨让我们整个下午都待在屋里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers increasingly depend on stored water because seasonal rain has become less predictable in many regions.",
    "zh": "由于许多地区的季节性降雨越来越难以预测，农民日益依赖储存的水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heavy rain｜大雨",
   "pouring rain｜倾盆大雨",
   "rain heavily｜下大雨",
   "a chance of rain｜降雨的可能性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rainy (adj.)",
   "rainfall (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rain作名词通常不可数；说下雨用It rains。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rain"
 },
 {
  "w": "good",
  "uk": "/ɡʊd/",
  "us": "/ɡʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "好的；优质的",
    "en": "Of a high or satisfactory standard."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有益的；有好处的",
    "en": "Having a helpful or healthy effect."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "益处；善",
    "en": "Something that benefits people or is morally right."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This bakery makes good bread with a crisp crust.",
    "zh": "这家面包店做的面包很好，外皮酥脆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Good public transport allows residents to reach essential services without relying on private cars.",
    "zh": "优质的公共交通让居民无需依赖私家车也能获得基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "good quality｜优良品质",
   "good at｜擅长",
   "good for｜对……有益",
   "do good｜有益；行善"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "goodness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fine"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "bad"
  ],
  "tip": "good是形容词；修饰动作通常用well。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "good"
 },
 {
  "w": "both",
  "uk": "/bəʊθ/",
  "us": "/boʊθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "两者都",
    "en": "referring to two people or things together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "两者；双方",
    "en": "the two people or things already mentioned"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Both windows were open, letting in the cool breeze.",
    "zh": "两扇窗户都开着，凉风吹了进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Both governments and individuals have a responsibility to reduce waste and protect natural resources.",
    "zh": "政府和个人都有责任减少浪费并保护自然资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "both sides｜双方",
   "both of them｜他们两个都",
   "both ... and ...｜既……又……"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "both指两者；both A and B作主语用复数谓语。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "both"
 },
 {
  "w": "inside",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnˈsaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnˈsaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……里面；向……里面",
    "en": "in or into the inner part of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在里面；往里面",
    "en": "in or into an enclosed place or container"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "里面；内部",
    "en": "the inner part or surface of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your keys are inside the small pocket of your bag.",
    "zh": "你的钥匙在包的小口袋里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Air quality inside buildings deserves greater attention because many people spend most of their day indoors.",
    "zh": "建筑物内部的空气质量值得更多关注，因为许多人一天中的大部分时间都在室内度过。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inside the building｜在建筑物内",
   "stay inside｜待在里面",
   "on the inside｜在内侧",
   "from the inside｜从内部"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "outside"
  ],
  "tip": "inside后接名词时是介词；单独用可作副词。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inside"
 },
 {
  "w": "eraser",
  "uk": "/ɪˈreɪzə/",
  "us": "/ɪˈreɪsər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "橡皮擦",
    "en": "A small object used to remove pencil marks."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I borrowed an eraser to correct my pencil drawing.",
    "zh": "我借了一块橡皮擦来修改铅笔画。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing basic classroom supplies, including pencils and erasers, helps ensure that all children can participate in lessons.",
    "zh": "提供铅笔和橡皮擦等基本课堂用品，有助于确保所有孩子都能参与课堂学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pencil eraser｜铅笔橡皮擦",
   "use an eraser｜用橡皮擦"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "erase (v.)",
   "erasure (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rubber"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "eraser常用于美式英语；英式英语常说rubber。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eraser"
 },
 {
  "w": "trip",
  "uk": "/trɪp/",
  "us": "/trɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旅行；出行",
    "en": "a journey to a place and usually back again"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "绊倒；使绊倒",
    "en": "to stumble or make someone stumble by catching a foot"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our weekend trip to the coast was wonderfully relaxing.",
    "zh": "我们周末的海滨之旅让人十分放松。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School trips to museums can enrich classroom learning by giving students direct access to historical objects.",
    "zh": "学校组织的博物馆参观能让学生直接接触历史实物，从而丰富课堂学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go on a trip｜去旅行",
   "business trip｜商务出行",
   "school trip｜学校组织的出游",
   "trip over｜被……绊倒"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "excursion",
   "journey"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "trip 是可数名词；travel 表示旅行活动时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trip"
 },
 {
  "w": "driver",
  "uk": "/ˈdraɪvə/",
  "us": "/ˈdraɪvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "司机；驾驶员",
    "en": "A person who controls a car or another road vehicle."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "驱动因素",
    "en": "Something that strongly influences or causes a development."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "驱动程序",
    "en": "Software that lets a computer communicate with a device."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bus driver waited while I found my ticket.",
    "zh": "公交车司机等着我找到车票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport can be a major driver of economic growth in expanding cities.",
    "zh": "在不断扩张的城市，公共交通投资可以成为经济增长的重要驱动力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bus driver｜公交车司机",
   "a key driver of growth｜增长的关键驱动因素",
   "install a driver｜安装驱动程序"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drive (v.)",
   "driving (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "motorist"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a driver of change指推动变化的因素。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "driver"
 },
 {
  "w": "one",
  "uk": "/wʌn/",
  "us": "/wʌn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "一；一个",
    "en": "the smallest positive whole number"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "一个；某个事物",
    "en": "used instead of a countable noun already mentioned"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "任何人；人们",
    "en": "people in general, including the speaker, in formal language"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is only one apple left in the bowl.",
    "zh": "碗里只剩一个苹果了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "One major benefit of public transport is that it reduces the demand for parking spaces in cities.",
    "zh": "公共交通的一大好处是能减少城市对停车位的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "one at a time｜一次一个",
   "one another｜彼此",
   "one by one｜逐个"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "one可替代单数可数名词；复数用ones。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "one"
 },
 {
  "w": "writer",
  "uk": "/ˈraɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈraɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "作家；作者",
    "en": "someone who writes books, articles, or other texts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The writer filled her notebook while waiting for the train.",
    "zh": "那位作家等火车时，把笔记本写得满满的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A skilled writer can make complex environmental issues accessible to readers without oversimplifying the scientific evidence.",
    "zh": "优秀的作者能让读者理解复杂的环境问题，同时不过度简化科学证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "professional writer｜职业作家",
   "travel writer｜游记作家",
   "freelance writer｜自由撰稿人",
   "short-story writer｜短篇小说作家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "write (v.)",
   "writing (n.)",
   "written (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "author"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "writer范围较广；author常指某部作品的作者。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "writer"
 },
 {
  "w": "British",
  "uk": "/ˈbrɪtɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈbrɪtɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "英国的；英国人的",
    "en": "Relating to the United Kingdom, its people, or their culture."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英国人（总称）",
    "en": "The people of the United Kingdom, considered collectively."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My British neighbour invited us over for tea.",
    "zh": "我的英国邻居邀请我们过去喝茶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "British universities attract international students through their research strengths and the wide range of courses they offer.",
    "zh": "英国大学凭借科研实力和丰富的课程选择吸引国际学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "British culture｜英国文化",
   "British citizen｜英国公民",
   "British English｜英式英语"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Britain (n.)",
   "Briton (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英国人总称用the British；单个人用a Briton。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "british"
 },
 {
  "w": "bed",
  "uk": "/bed/",
  "us": "/bed/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "床",
    "en": "A piece of furniture used for sleeping"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "河床；海底；湖底",
    "en": "The ground at the bottom of a river, sea, or lake"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "花坛；苗床",
    "en": "An area of soil prepared for growing plants"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cat curled up on my bed after lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭后，猫蜷缩在我的床上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Maintaining a regular time to go to bed can improve sleep quality and support mental health.",
    "zh": "保持固定的就寝时间可以改善睡眠质量，并有益于心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go to bed｜上床睡觉",
   "make the bed｜整理床铺",
   "river bed｜河床",
   "flower bed｜花坛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bedroom (n.)",
   "bedding (n.)",
   "bedtime (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "go to bed指就寝，不加the；make the bed指铺床。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bed"
 },
 {
  "w": "same",
  "uk": "/seɪm/",
  "us": "/seɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相同的；同一个的",
    "en": "Exactly alike, or referring to one particular thing rather than another."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "同样的事物",
    "en": "The very thing already mentioned, or something exactly like it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We take the same bus to school every morning.",
    "zh": "我们每天早上乘同一班公交车上学。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students from different backgrounds should have the same opportunities to access high-quality education and develop their talents.",
    "zh": "不同背景的学生应享有同样的机会，接受优质教育并发展自己的才能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the same as｜与……相同",
   "at the same time｜同时",
   "stay the same｜保持不变",
   "the same age｜同龄"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sameness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "identical"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "different"
  ],
  "tip": "通常用the same；比较时用the same as。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "same"
 },
 {
  "w": "video",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪdiəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈvɪdioʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "视频；录像",
    "en": "A recording of moving images, usually with sound."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "录制视频；录像",
    "en": "Record moving images of someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a video of penguins sliding across ice.",
    "zh": "我们看了一段企鹅在冰上滑行的视频。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Educational video can make complex processes easier to understand, especially for students with limited background knowledge.",
    "zh": "教学视频可以让复杂的过程更容易理解，对背景知识有限的学生尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "watch a video｜观看视频",
   "record a video｜录制视频",
   "video clip｜视频片段",
   "video call｜视频通话"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一段视频用a video；泛指视频媒介时可不可数。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "video"
 },
 {
  "w": "during",
  "uk": "/ˈdjʊərɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈdʊrɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……期间",
    "en": "at some point within, or throughout, a particular period"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please keep your phone silent during the concert.",
    "zh": "音乐会期间请将手机调为静音。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During periods of extreme heat, local authorities should provide cool indoor spaces for vulnerable residents.",
    "zh": "在极端高温期间，地方政府应为脆弱群体提供凉爽的室内场所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "during the day｜在白天",
   "during the summer｜在夏季",
   "during working hours｜在工作时间内"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "during后接名词；while后常接句子；for表示持续时长。",
  "cefr": "A1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "during"
 },
 {
  "w": "cloud",
  "uk": "/klaʊd/",
  "us": "/klaʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "云",
    "en": "a visible mass of tiny water drops in the sky"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一团烟尘等",
    "en": "a mass of smoke, dust, or similar material in air"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使判断模糊；使困惑",
    "en": "to make thoughts or judgment less clear"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A dark cloud drifted slowly across the afternoon sky.",
    "zh": "一朵乌云缓缓飘过午后的天空。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strong emotions can cloud public judgment when communities debate the benefits and risks of new technologies.",
    "zh": "当社区讨论新技术的利弊时，强烈的情绪可能影响公众的判断。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dark clouds｜乌云",
   "a cloud of dust｜一团尘土",
   "cloud someone's judgment｜影响某人的判断"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cloudy (adj.)",
   "cloudless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cloud作动词可指使判断不清，如cloud your judgment。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cloud"
 },
 {
  "w": "alive",
  "uk": "/əˈlaɪv/",
  "us": "/əˈlaɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "活着的",
    "en": "Living rather than dead"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "充满活力的；热闹的",
    "en": "Full of energy, activity, or excitement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tiny plant is still alive after our holiday.",
    "zh": "我们度假回来后，那株小植物还活着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting natural habitats helps keep endangered species alive and preserves the ecological balance of entire regions.",
    "zh": "保护自然栖息地有助于让濒危物种存活，并维持整个地区的生态平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stay alive｜活下去",
   "keep alive｜使存活；使延续",
   "come alive｜活跃起来",
   "alive with activity｜热闹非凡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "live (v.)",
   "living (adj.)",
   "life (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "living"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dead"
  ],
  "tip": "通常放在系动词后；“活鱼”说a live fish。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alive"
 },
 {
  "w": "circle",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "圆；圆圈",
    "en": "A round shape whose edge is equally distant from its centre."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "圈子；交际圈",
    "en": "A group of people connected by friendship or shared interests."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "环绕；圈出",
    "en": "To move around something or draw a ring around it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children sat in a circle on the grass.",
    "zh": "孩子们在草地上围坐成一圈。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Joining community activities can help older adults expand their social circle and reduce feelings of isolation.",
    "zh": "参加社区活动可以帮助老年人扩大社交圈，减少孤独感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "draw a circle｜画圆",
   "in a circle｜围成一圈",
   "social circle｜社交圈",
   "circle overhead｜在上空盘旋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "circular (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "circle是圆或圆圈；cycle才常指循环或周期。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "circle"
 },
 {
  "w": "pardon",
  "uk": "/ˈpɑːdən/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːrdən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "int.",
    "zh": "请再说一遍",
    "en": "Used politely to ask someone to repeat what they said."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "原谅；赦免",
    "en": "To forgive someone or officially release them from punishment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赦免；宽恕",
    "en": "Official forgiveness for a crime, or forgiveness for an offence."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Pardon? I couldn't hear you over the washing machine.",
    "zh": "请再说一遍？洗衣机太吵，我没听清。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A legal pardon can help someone rebuild their life, although public acceptance may take longer.",
    "zh": "法律上的赦免可以帮助一个人重建生活，但获得公众接纳可能需要更久。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pardon me｜请原谅；劳驾",
   "I beg your pardon｜请再说一遍；对不起",
   "grant a pardon｜给予赦免"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pardonable (adj.)",
   "unpardonable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "forgive",
   "excuse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "没听清时可说Pardon?，语调通常上扬。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pardon"
 },
 {
  "w": "succeed",
  "uk": "/səkˈsiːd/",
  "us": "/səkˈsiːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "成功；达成目标",
    "en": "To achieve what you are trying to do."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "接替；继任",
    "en": "To take someone's position after they leave it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After several attempts, I succeeded in fixing the lamp.",
    "zh": "尝试了几次后，我终于把灯修好了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students are more likely to succeed when schools provide consistent feedback and practical support.",
    "zh": "学校持续提供反馈和实际支持时，学生更有可能取得成功。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "succeed in doing something｜成功做成某事",
   "succeed as a manager｜作为经理取得成功",
   "succeed someone as chair｜接替某人担任主席"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "success (n.)",
   "successful (adj.)",
   "successfully (adv.)",
   "successor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "fail"
  ],
  "tip": "表示成功做成某事，用succeed in doing，不用to do。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "succeed"
 },
 {
  "w": "easily",
  "uk": "/ˈiːzəli/",
  "us": "/ˈiːzəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "容易地；轻松地",
    "en": "without difficulty or much effort"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "无疑；远远",
    "en": "by a clear margin, especially in comparisons"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "很可能",
    "en": "with a strong possibility of something happening"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small suitcase fits easily beneath the train seat.",
    "zh": "这个小行李箱轻轻松松就能放到火车座位下面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public information should be presented clearly so that people with different literacy levels can easily understand it.",
    "zh": "公共信息应清晰呈现，让识字水平不同的人都能轻松理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "easily accessible｜容易获取或到达的",
   "easily understood｜容易理解的",
   "easily the best｜无疑是最好的",
   "could easily happen｜很可能发生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "easy (adj.)",
   "ease (n.)",
   "ease (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "effortlessly",
   "readily"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "laboriously"
  ],
  "tip": "easily可修饰最高级：easily the best表示远胜其他。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "easily"
 },
 {
  "w": "bit",
  "uk": "/bɪt/",
  "us": "/bɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一点；少量；小块",
    "en": "A small amount or piece of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "比特；二进制位",
    "en": "The smallest unit of information stored by a computer."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a bit of cake left for you.",
    "zh": "还给你留了一点蛋糕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even a small bit of practical experience can help students understand difficult scientific concepts.",
    "zh": "即使只有少量实践经验，也能帮助学生理解困难的科学概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bit of｜一点",
   "a little bit｜一点点",
   "bit by bit｜一点一点地",
   "bits and pieces｜零碎物品"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a bit of接名词；a bit可修饰形容词；bit也是bite过去式。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bit"
 },
 {
  "w": "typing",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪpɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪpɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "打字；键盘输入",
    "en": "The activity of entering words using a keyboard."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My typing has become faster since I started practising.",
    "zh": "开始练习以后，我的打字速度变快了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although voice recognition is improving, accurate typing remains a valuable skill in many office jobs.",
    "zh": "尽管语音识别技术正在进步，准确打字仍是许多办公室工作中的宝贵技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "typing speed｜打字速度",
   "touch typing｜盲打",
   "typing skills｜打字技能",
   "typing error｜打字错误"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "type (v.)",
   "typist (n.)",
   "typewriter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词时不可数；也是type的现在分词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "typing"
 },
 {
  "w": "male",
  "uk": "/meɪl/",
  "us": "/meɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "男性的；雄性的",
    "en": "Relating to men or boys, or the sex that produces sperm."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男性；雄性动物",
    "en": "A male person or animal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The male duck has a shiny green head.",
    "zh": "这只公鸭有一个亮闪闪的绿色脑袋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Encouraging more male applicants to enter nursing could help address staff shortages and challenge gender stereotypes.",
    "zh": "鼓励更多男性申请进入护理行业，有助于缓解人员短缺并打破性别刻板印象。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "male students｜男学生",
   "male nurse｜男护士",
   "male and female｜男性和女性；雄性和雌性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "maleness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "female"
  ],
  "tip": "male可作形容词或名词；日常指男人通常用man。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "male"
 },
 {
  "w": "album",
  "uk": "/ˈælbəm/",
  "us": "/ˈælbəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "音乐专辑",
    "en": "A collection of recorded music released as one product."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "相册；集邮册",
    "en": "A book for keeping photographs, stamps or similar collections."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her new album kept us singing all afternoon.",
    "zh": "她的新专辑让我们跟着唱了整整一个下午。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital platforms allow independent musicians to release an album without relying on a traditional record company.",
    "zh": "数字平台让独立音乐人无需依赖传统唱片公司就能发行专辑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "release an album｜发行专辑",
   "debut album｜首张专辑",
   "photo album｜相册"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "音乐专辑用album；单曲用single。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "album"
 },
 {
  "w": "burn",
  "uk": "/bɜːn/",
  "us": "/bɝːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "燃烧；烧毁",
    "en": "To produce flames, or destroy something with fire."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "烧伤；烫伤",
    "en": "To damage skin or other material through heat."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烧伤；烫伤",
    "en": "An injury caused by heat, chemicals, or electricity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small fire burned quietly in the fireplace.",
    "zh": "壁炉里，一小团火静静地燃烧着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Burning fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases, making cleaner energy sources essential for environmental protection.",
    "zh": "燃烧化石燃料会释放温室气体，因此清洁能源对环境保护至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "burn fossil fuels｜燃烧化石燃料",
   "burn calories｜消耗热量",
   "burn your hand｜烫伤手",
   "a severe burn｜严重烧伤"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "burning (adj.)",
   "burner (n.)",
   "burnt (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词可用burnt或burned。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "burn"
 },
 {
  "w": "knock",
  "uk": "/nɒk/",
  "us": "/nɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "敲；敲击",
    "en": "to hit a surface, especially a door, to make a sound"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "碰撞；撞倒",
    "en": "to hit something accidentally, often making it move or fall"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "敲击声；撞击",
    "en": "a sound or blow caused by hitting something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please knock on the door before you come in.",
    "zh": "进来之前请先敲门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strong winds can knock down trees, causing serious disruption to transport networks in urban areas.",
    "zh": "强风可能刮倒树木，严重扰乱城市地区的交通网络。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "knock on the door｜敲门",
   "knock something over｜碰倒某物",
   "knock down｜撞倒；拆除",
   "a loud knock｜响亮的敲击声"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "tap"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "词首k不发音；敲门用knock on或at the door。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "knock"
 },
 {
  "w": "ski",
  "uk": "/skiː/",
  "us": "/skiː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "滑雪",
    "en": "to move over snow wearing long narrow boards on your feet"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "滑雪板",
    "en": "a long narrow board worn on a foot for travelling over snow"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We learned to ski on a gentle snowy slope.",
    "zh": "我们在一处平缓的雪坡上学会了滑雪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourists who ski in mountain resorts contribute to local employment but may also increase environmental pressure.",
    "zh": "在山地度假区滑雪的游客促进了当地就业，但也可能增加环境压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go skiing｜去滑雪",
   "ski resort｜滑雪度假区",
   "ski slope｜滑雪坡道",
   "a pair of skis｜一副滑雪板"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "skiing (n.)",
   "skier (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式skied，现在分词skiing；ski复数为skis。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ski"
 },
 {
  "w": "sneaker",
  "uk": "/ˈsniːkə/",
  "us": "/ˈsniːkɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运动鞋（美式）",
    "en": "A comfortable shoe with a rubber sole, worn for exercise."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One sneaker was hiding under the kitchen chair.",
    "zh": "一只运动鞋藏在厨房的椅子下面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-designed sneaker can provide support during exercise, although suitable footwear varies according to the activity.",
    "zh": "设计良好的运动鞋能在锻炼时提供支撑，但适合的鞋类因运动项目而异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of sneakers｜一双运动鞋",
   "running sneakers｜跑步鞋",
   "wear sneakers｜穿运动鞋"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "trainer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常用 sneakers，英式通常说 trainers。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sneaker"
 },
 {
  "w": "bell",
  "uk": "/bel/",
  "us": "/bel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铃；钟",
    "en": "a hollow metal object that rings when struck"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铃声；钟声",
    "en": "the ringing sound made by a bell"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bicycle bell rang as a cyclist approached.",
    "zh": "一位骑车人靠近时，自行车铃响了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In many schools, a bell marks the beginning and end of each lesson.",
    "zh": "在许多学校，铃声标志着每节课的开始和结束。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ring a bell｜摇铃；敲钟",
   "door bell｜门铃",
   "church bell｜教堂的钟"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ring a bell也可表示“听着耳熟；似曾相识”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bell"
 },
 {
  "w": "design",
  "uk": "/dɪˈzaɪn/",
  "us": "/dɪˈzaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "设计；构思",
    "en": "plan how something will look or work before making it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "设计；设计方案",
    "en": "the planning of something's appearance or function, or its plan"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "装饰图案",
    "en": "a decorative pattern on an object or surface"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin designed a wooden desk for her bedroom.",
    "zh": "我表姐为自己的卧室设计了一张木书桌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities should design public spaces that encourage social interaction while remaining accessible to people with disabilities.",
    "zh": "城市应设计既能促进社交互动、又方便残障人士使用的公共空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "design a building｜设计建筑",
   "be designed to do something｜旨在做某事",
   "graphic design｜平面设计",
   "interior design｜室内设计"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "designer (n.)",
   "redesign (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be designed to do表示“旨在做……”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "design"
 },
 {
  "w": "bright",
  "uk": "/braɪt/",
  "us": "/braɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "明亮的；鲜艳的",
    "en": "giving much light or having a strong, clear colour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "聪明的；机灵的",
    "en": "quick to learn and understand things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "充满希望的；愉快的",
    "en": "promising success or showing happiness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Bright sunlight streamed through the kitchen window this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早晨，明亮的阳光从厨房窗户照了进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to quality education can give young people a bright future regardless of their family background.",
    "zh": "无论家庭背景如何，获得优质教育都能让年轻人拥有光明的未来。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bright colours｜鲜艳的颜色",
   "bright student｜聪明的学生",
   "bright future｜光明的未来",
   "bright sunlight｜明亮的阳光"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "brightly (adv.)",
   "brightness (n.)",
   "brighten (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "dim",
   "dull"
  ],
  "tip": "形容光线强用bright；形容房间暗用dim。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bright"
 },
 {
  "w": "boss",
  "uk": "/bɒs/",
  "us": "/bɔːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "老板；上司",
    "en": "A person who manages workers or runs a business."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "对…发号施令",
    "en": "To order people around in an annoying or controlling way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My boss let me leave early for my appointment.",
    "zh": "我的上司允许我提前下班去赴约。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A supportive boss can improve employee satisfaction by offering constructive feedback and recognising individual contributions.",
    "zh": "支持员工的上司可以通过提供建设性反馈和认可个人贡献来提高员工满意度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "talk to your boss｜与你的上司交谈",
   "a supportive boss｜支持员工的上司",
   "be your own boss｜自己当老板",
   "boss someone around｜对某人指手画脚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bossy (adj.)",
   "bossiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "manager",
   "supervisor"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "boss较口语；作动词常用boss someone around。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "boss"
 },
 {
  "w": "violin",
  "uk": "/ˌvaɪəˈlɪn/",
  "us": "/ˌvaɪəˈlɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小提琴",
    "en": "A four-stringed instrument held under the chin and usually bowed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister practises the violin after dinner every evening.",
    "zh": "我姐姐每天晚饭后都练习小提琴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning the violin can help children develop concentration, although regular lessons may be expensive for some families.",
    "zh": "学习小提琴有助于儿童培养专注力，但定期上课对某些家庭来说可能费用较高。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play the violin｜拉小提琴",
   "violin lessons｜小提琴课",
   "a violin concerto｜小提琴协奏曲"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "violinist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "小提琴手是violinist；拉小提琴常说play the violin。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "violin"
 },
 {
  "w": "rude",
  "uk": "/ruːd/",
  "us": "/ruːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "粗鲁的；无礼的",
    "en": "speaking or behaving without respect for others"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was rude to interrupt her during dinner.",
    "zh": "吃晚饭时打断她说话很不礼貌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach children how to disagree respectfully without making rude comments about others.",
    "zh": "学校应该教孩子如何礼貌地表达不同意见，而不是对他人出言不逊。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rude to someone｜对某人无礼",
   "rude behaviour｜粗鲁的行为",
   "rude remark｜无礼的话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rudely (adv.)",
   "rudeness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "impolite",
   "disrespectful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "polite",
   "courteous"
  ],
  "tip": "对某人无礼用 rude to someone，不用 rude with。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rude"
 },
 {
  "w": "glove",
  "uk": "/ɡlʌv/",
  "us": "/ɡlʌv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手套",
    "en": "A hand covering with separate sections for fingers and thumb."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I found my missing glove under the kitchen chair.",
    "zh": "我在厨房椅子下面找到了丢失的那只手套。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Healthcare workers should change disposable gloves between patients to reduce the risk of spreading infections.",
    "zh": "医护人员在接诊不同患者之间应更换一次性手套，以降低传播感染的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of gloves｜一副手套",
   "disposable gloves｜一次性手套",
   "protective gloves｜防护手套",
   "boxing gloves｜拳击手套"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gloved (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一副手套用 a pair of gloves，注意 gloves 用复数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glove"
 },
 {
  "w": "complete",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpliːt/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpliːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "完成；填写完",
    "en": "to finish doing something or filling in information"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "完整的；齐全的",
    "en": "having every necessary part, with nothing missing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "完全的；彻底的",
    "en": "total, without any limit or exception"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I completed the puzzle just before dinner was ready.",
    "zh": "我刚拼好拼图，晚饭就做好了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who complete vocational training often gain practical skills that help them enter the workforce more confidently.",
    "zh": "完成职业培训的学生往往能获得实用技能，从而更有信心地进入职场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complete a course｜完成课程",
   "complete a form｜填完表格",
   "a complete set｜完整的一套",
   "a complete success｜圆满成功"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "completion (n.)",
   "completely (adv.)",
   "incomplete (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "finish",
   "entire"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "incomplete",
   "partial"
  ],
  "tip": "complete a form指填写完表格，不是制作表格。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "complete"
 },
 {
  "w": "kiss",
  "uk": "/kɪs/",
  "us": "/kɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "亲吻",
    "en": "to touch someone or something with your lips affectionately"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "吻",
    "en": "an affectionate touch made with the lips"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She kissed her daughter gently before leaving for work.",
    "zh": "她上班前轻轻亲了亲女儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In some cultures, a kiss on the cheek is a common greeting between close friends.",
    "zh": "在一些文化中，亲吻脸颊是亲密朋友之间常见的问候方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "kiss someone goodbye｜亲吻某人道别",
   "give someone a kiss｜亲某人一下",
   "a kiss on the cheek｜脸颊上的一吻"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "吻某人的脸颊用 kiss someone on the cheek。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kiss"
 },
 {
  "w": "space",
  "uk": "/speɪs/",
  "us": "/speɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "空间；空地；间隔",
    "en": "Room available for something, or a gap between things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "太空",
    "en": "The vast area beyond Earth's atmosphere"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使隔开；留间隔",
    "en": "To arrange things with gaps between them"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is enough space for your bike beside mine.",
    "zh": "我的自行车旁边有足够的地方放你的车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing more green space in crowded neighbourhoods can improve residents' wellbeing and encourage outdoor physical activity.",
    "zh": "在人口密集的社区增加绿地，可以改善居民身心健康并鼓励户外锻炼。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "green space｜绿地",
   "outer space｜外太空",
   "parking space｜停车位",
   "space exploration｜太空探索"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spacious (adj.)",
   "spacing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "room",
   "gap"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指空间、太空时不可数；具体车位等可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "space"
 },
 {
  "w": "pronounce",
  "uk": "/prəˈnaʊns/",
  "us": "/prəˈnaʊns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发音；读出",
    "en": "To make the sounds of a word when speaking."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "正式宣布；宣告",
    "en": "To state an official decision or judgment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you teach me how to pronounce your name?",
    "zh": "你能教我怎么读你的名字吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Language learners often find unfamiliar sounds easier to pronounce after regular listening practice and feedback.",
    "zh": "经过规律的听力练习并获得反馈后，语言学习者往往会觉得陌生的音更容易发准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pronounce a word｜读出单词",
   "pronounce correctly｜正确发音",
   "pronounce someone innocent｜宣布某人无罪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pronunciation (n.)",
   "mispronounce (v.)",
   "pronounceable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词是pronunciation，注意中间没有字母o。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pronounce"
 },
 {
  "w": "ability",
  "uk": "/əˈbɪləti/",
  "us": "/əˈbɪləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "能力；才能",
    "en": "the skill or power needed to do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her ability to fix bicycles impressed all her friends.",
    "zh": "她修自行车的本领让朋友们都很佩服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular reading can strengthen children's ability to understand complex ideas and express their own views clearly.",
    "zh": "经常阅读可以增强儿童理解复杂概念和清晰表达自身观点的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the ability to learn｜学习能力",
   "develop an ability｜培养一种能力",
   "academic ability｜学业能力",
   "natural ability｜天赋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "able (adj.)",
   "unable (adj.)",
   "inability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "capability",
   "capacity"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inability"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“做某事的能力”用ability to do。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ability"
 },
 {
  "w": "recorder",
  "uk": "/rɪˈkɔːdə/",
  "us": "/rɪˈkɔːrdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "录音机；记录器",
    "en": "a device that captures sound, images, or information"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "竖笛",
    "en": "a wooden or plastic wind instrument with finger holes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "记录员",
    "en": "a person who keeps an official record"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I placed the recorder beside her before the interview.",
    "zh": "采访前，我把录音机放在她身旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using a digital recorder allows researchers to review interviews carefully and identify recurring themes.",
    "zh": "使用数字录音机使研究人员能够仔细回顾访谈，识别反复出现的主题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "digital recorder｜数字录音机",
   "voice recorder｜录音设备",
   "play the recorder｜吹竖笛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "record (v.)",
   "recording (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "play the recorder指吹竖笛，不是播放录音机。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recorder"
 },
 {
  "w": "along",
  "uk": "/əˈlɒŋ/",
  "us": "/əˈlɔːŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "沿着；顺着",
    "en": "following the length or direction of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向前",
    "en": "forward from one place towards another"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "一起；随同",
    "en": "with someone when they go somewhere"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked along the river and watched the ducks.",
    "zh": "我们沿着河边散步，看着水里的鸭子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting trees along busy roads can provide shade for pedestrians and improve the appearance of urban areas.",
    "zh": "在繁忙道路沿线植树可以为行人遮阴，并改善城市面貌。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "along the coast｜沿着海岸",
   "come along｜一起来",
   "bring someone along｜带某人一起来",
   "along with｜连同；与……一起"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "along沿着长线走；across强调从一边横穿到另一边。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "along"
 },
 {
  "w": "madam",
  "uk": "/ˈmædəm/",
  "us": "/ˈmædəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女士；夫人（尊称）",
    "en": "A formal, polite way of addressing a woman."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Would you like a table by the window, madam?",
    "zh": "女士，您想坐靠窗的桌子吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "In formal customer service settings, staff may address a female customer as madam to show respect.",
    "zh": "在正式的客户服务场合，工作人员可能用madam称呼女性顾客，以示尊重。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Dear Madam｜尊敬的女士",
   "yes, madam｜好的，女士",
   "Madam Chair｜主席女士"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "ma'am"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式称呼女性时使用；日常熟人交谈中通常不用。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "madam"
 },
 {
  "w": "missed",
  "uk": "/mɪst/",
  "us": "/mɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "错过；未赶上",
    "en": "failed to catch, attend, or take advantage of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "未击中；未察觉",
    "en": "failed to hit or notice someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "想念",
    "en": "felt sad because someone or something was absent"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We missed the bus and walked home together.",
    "zh": "我们没赶上公交车，便一起走回了家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who missed lessons due to illness should receive additional support to catch up with their classmates.",
    "zh": "因病缺课的学生应获得额外帮助，以跟上同学的学习进度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "missed opportunity｜错失的机会",
   "missed call｜未接来电",
   "missed deadline｜未按期完成"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "miss (v.)",
   "missing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "miss的过去式和过去分词；词尾-ed读/t/。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "missed"
 },
 {
  "w": "gold",
  "uk": "/ɡəʊld/",
  "us": "/ɡoʊld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金；黄金",
    "en": "A valuable yellow metal used for jewellery and money"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金牌",
    "en": "The medal awarded for first place in a competition"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "金制的；金色的",
    "en": "Made of gold or having its yellow colour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother keeps her gold ring in a wooden box.",
    "zh": "我奶奶把她的金戒指放在一个木盒里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Demand for gold can increase during economic uncertainty, as investors seek assets they consider relatively safe.",
    "zh": "经济不确定时期，投资者会寻求他们认为相对安全的资产，黄金需求因此可能上升。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pure gold｜纯金",
   "gold medal｜金牌",
   "gold jewellery｜黄金首饰",
   "gold reserves｜黄金储备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "golden (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gold作材料名通常不可数；a gold可指一枚金牌。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gold"
 },
 {
  "w": "pronunciation",
  "uk": "/prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发音；读音",
    "en": "the way a word or language is spoken"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I practise my pronunciation by recording short voice messages.",
    "zh": "我通过录制简短的语音消息练习发音。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear pronunciation helps language learners communicate effectively, even when their grammar is not always accurate.",
    "zh": "即使语法并非总是准确，清晰的发音也能帮助语言学习者有效沟通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clear pronunciation｜清晰的发音",
   "correct pronunciation｜正确的发音",
   "improve your pronunciation｜改善发音",
   "pronunciation practice｜发音练习"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pronounce (v.)",
   "mispronounce (v.)",
   "mispronunciation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "拼写是pronunciation，注意中间不是noun。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pronunciation"
 },
 {
  "w": "training",
  "uk": "/ˈtreɪnɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈtreɪnɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "培训；训练",
    "en": "Learning and practice that develop skills for a particular activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体能训练；体育训练",
    "en": "Physical exercise and practice to prepare for sport."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My first day of training involved helping customers.",
    "zh": "培训第一天，我就参与了为顾客提供帮助的工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular professional training helps employees adapt to technological changes and improves their long-term career prospects.",
    "zh": "定期职业培训有助于员工适应技术变化，并改善他们的长期职业前景。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vocational training｜职业培训",
   "on-the-job training｜在职培训",
   "training course｜培训课程",
   "strength training｜力量训练"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "train (v.)",
   "trainer (n.)",
   "trainee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；一次培训可说a training session。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "training"
 },
 {
  "w": "slice",
  "uk": "/slaɪs/",
  "us": "/slaɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "薄片；一片",
    "en": "a thin, flat piece cut from something larger"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "切成薄片",
    "en": "to cut something into thin, flat pieces"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一部分；份额",
    "en": "a share or portion of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She put a slice of lemon in my tea.",
    "zh": "她在我的茶里放了一片柠檬。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Housing costs consume a large slice of household income, leaving many families with little money for leisure.",
    "zh": "住房开支占据家庭收入的很大一部分，使许多家庭几乎没有钱用于休闲。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a slice of bread｜一片面包",
   "slice thinly｜切成薄片",
   "a slice of the market｜一部分市场份额"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "slicer (n.)",
   "sliced (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "slice强调切出的片；piece泛指一块或一件。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slice"
 },
 {
  "w": "diet",
  "uk": "/ˈdaɪət/",
  "us": "/ˈdaɪət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "日常饮食",
    "en": "The food and drink someone regularly consumes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "特定饮食；节食方案",
    "en": "A planned way of eating for health or weight control."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "节食",
    "en": "To control what you eat, usually to lose weight."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My usual diet includes plenty of rice and vegetables.",
    "zh": "我的日常饮食中有大量米饭和蔬菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A balanced diet can improve concentration and help students maintain their energy throughout the school day.",
    "zh": "均衡饮食能提高注意力，并帮助学生在整个上学期间保持精力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a balanced diet｜均衡饮食",
   "a diet rich in fibre｜富含纤维的饮食",
   "go on a diet｜开始节食"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dietary (adj.)",
   "dieter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "diet不一定指节食，也可指日常饮食。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diet"
 },
 {
  "w": "Dutch",
  "uk": "/dʌtʃ/",
  "us": "/dʌtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "荷兰的；荷兰人的",
    "en": "Relating to the Netherlands, its people, or their language."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "荷兰语",
    "en": "The language spoken in the Netherlands and parts of Belgium."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "荷兰人（总称）",
    "en": "The people of the Netherlands, considered as a group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our Dutch neighbour taught us how to bake apple pie.",
    "zh": "我们的荷兰邻居教我们烤苹果派。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Dutch cities are often studied by urban planners seeking to develop safer and more accessible cycling networks.",
    "zh": "希望建设更安全、更便利的自行车交通网络的城市规划者经常研究荷兰城市。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Dutch culture｜荷兰文化",
   "speak Dutch｜说荷兰语",
   "the Dutch｜荷兰人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "Dutch首字母大写；the Dutch统指荷兰人。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dutch"
 },
 {
  "w": "less",
  "uk": "/les/",
  "us": "/les/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "更少的",
    "en": "a smaller amount of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "较少地；更不",
    "en": "to a smaller degree or extent"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "更少的量",
    "en": "a smaller amount"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please put less sugar in my tea this time.",
    "zh": "这次请在我的茶里少放点糖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Households can use less energy by improving insulation and choosing appliances that consume electricity more efficiently.",
    "zh": "家庭可以通过改善隔热措施和选用更节能的电器来减少能源消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "less than｜少于",
   "less likely｜可能性更小",
   "less and less｜越来越少",
   "no less than｜多达；不少于"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "more"
  ],
  "tip": "修饰不可数名词用less；可数名词复数通常用fewer。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "less"
 },
 {
  "w": "army",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːmi/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːrmi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陆军；军队",
    "en": "A country's military force trained mainly to fight on land."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大群；大批",
    "en": "A large group of people working toward a shared purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin joined the army after leaving school.",
    "zh": "我的表亲毕业后参军了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During major floods, the army can provide essential transport and supplies when civilian services are overwhelmed.",
    "zh": "发生严重洪灾时，如果民用服务不堪重负，军队可以提供必要的运输服务和物资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "join the army｜参军",
   "serve in the army｜在陆军服役",
   "an army of volunteers｜大批志愿者"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "army主要指陆军；armed forces泛指各军种。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "army"
 },
 {
  "w": "broken",
  "uk": "/ˈbrəʊkən/",
  "us": "/ˈbroʊkən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "破碎的；断裂的",
    "en": "Damaged by being split or separated into pieces."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "坏掉的；失灵的",
    "en": "Not working properly because of damage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不流利的；断续的",
    "en": "Spoken with difficulty and frequent pauses or errors."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She carefully swept the broken glass into a dustpan.",
    "zh": "她小心地把碎玻璃扫进簸箕里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Repairing broken household appliances rather than replacing them can reduce waste and conserve valuable natural resources.",
    "zh": "维修损坏的家用电器而非更换它们，可以减少废弃物并节约宝贵的自然资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "broken glass｜碎玻璃",
   "a broken bone｜骨折",
   "broken English｜不流利的英语",
   "a broken promise｜未兑现的承诺"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "break (v.)",
   "breakable (adj.)",
   "unbroken (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "damaged"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "intact"
  ],
  "tip": "也是break的过去分词；过去式为broke。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "broken"
 },
 {
  "w": "forest",
  "uk": "/ˈfɒrɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "森林；林区",
    "en": "a large area of land covered mainly with trees"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We followed a narrow path deep into the forest.",
    "zh": "我们沿着一条狭窄的小路走进森林深处。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting natural forests helps preserve biodiversity and reduces the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.",
    "zh": "保护天然森林有助于维护生物多样性，并减少大气中的二氧化碳含量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tropical forest｜热带森林",
   "forest conservation｜森林保护",
   "forest fire｜森林火灾",
   "dense forest｜茂密的森林"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "forestry (n.)",
   "forested (adj.)",
   "deforestation (n.)",
   "reforestation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "woodland"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "forest通常指大片森林；wood也可指较小树林。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "forest"
 },
 {
  "w": "sausage",
  "uk": "/ˈsɒs.ɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈsɑː.sɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "香肠",
    "en": "finely chopped meat enclosed in a thin, tube-shaped skin"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We grilled sausages and served them with fresh vegetables.",
    "zh": "我们烤了香肠，配上新鲜蔬菜端上桌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers are increasingly choosing vegetarian sausages as they seek alternatives to traditional meat products.",
    "zh": "随着消费者寻找传统肉制品的替代品，越来越多人开始选择素香肠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grilled sausages｜烤香肠",
   "vegetarian sausage｜素香肠",
   "sausage meat｜香肠肉馅"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单根香肠可数；sausage meat指香肠肉馅，不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sausage"
 },
 {
  "w": "organize",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːɡənaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːrɡənaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "组织；筹办",
    "en": "To plan and arrange an event or activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "整理；使有条理",
    "en": "To arrange things in a clear, useful order"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours organized a picnic by the river.",
    "zh": "我们的邻居组织了一次河边野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should organize practical workshops that help students develop communication skills and prepare for employment.",
    "zh": "学校应组织实践工作坊，帮助学生培养沟通技能并为就业做好准备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "organize an event｜组织活动",
   "organize a meeting｜安排会议",
   "organize your time｜合理安排时间",
   "organize files｜整理文件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "organization (n.)",
   "organizer (n.)",
   "organized (adj.)",
   "organizational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "arrange",
   "coordinate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也常拼作organise；organize是规范拼写。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "organize"
 },
 {
  "w": "donkey",
  "uk": "/ˈdɒŋki/",
  "us": "/ˈdɑːŋki/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "驴",
    "en": "an animal like a small horse with long ears"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A grey donkey carried baskets along the narrow mountain path.",
    "zh": "一头灰驴驮着篮子走在狭窄的山路上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In some rural communities, donkeys remain important for transporting goods where roads are unsuitable for vehicles.",
    "zh": "在一些乡村社区，道路不适合车辆通行，驴仍是运输货物的重要工具。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pack donkey｜驮货的驴",
   "ride a donkey｜骑驴",
   "a donkey brays｜驴叫"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "ass"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指动物时donkey最常用；用来称呼人有贬义。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "donkey"
 },
 {
  "w": "wild",
  "uk": "/waɪld/",
  "us": "/waɪld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "野生的；野长的",
    "en": "living or growing naturally, without human care"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "狂热的；失控的",
    "en": "showing strong excitement or uncontrolled behaviour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "野外；自然环境",
    "en": "natural places where animals and plants live freely"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spotted wild deer drinking beside the forest stream.",
    "zh": "我们看见野鹿在森林的小溪旁喝水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting wild animals requires governments to preserve habitats and reduce illegal trade across national borders.",
    "zh": "保护野生动物需要各国政府保护栖息地，并减少跨境非法贸易。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wild animals｜野生动物",
   "in the wild｜在野外",
   "go wild｜变得狂热",
   "wild flowers｜野花"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wildly (adv.)",
   "wildness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "untamed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tame",
   "domesticated"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“在野外”用in the wild，不能漏掉the。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wild"
 },
 {
  "w": "social",
  "uk": "/ˈsəʊʃəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsoʊʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "社会的",
    "en": "relating to society and how people live together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "社交的；交际的",
    "en": "relating to meeting people and spending time with them"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "群居的",
    "en": "living naturally in organised groups rather than alone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My new job leaves little time for social activities.",
    "zh": "我的新工作让我几乎没时间参加社交活动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable housing policies can reduce social inequality by helping families access safe homes near essential services.",
    "zh": "可负担住房政策帮助家庭在基本服务设施附近获得安全住所，从而减少社会不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "social inequality｜社会不平等",
   "social skills｜社交技能",
   "social activities｜社交活动",
   "social change｜社会变革"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "society (n)",
   "socially (adv)",
   "socialise (v)",
   "socialisation (n)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "social指社会或社交的；sociable指人爱交际。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "social"
 },
 {
  "w": "hole",
  "uk": "/həʊl/",
  "us": "/hoʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洞；孔；坑",
    "en": "An opening through something or a hollow space in the ground."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "漏洞；缺陷",
    "en": "A weakness or missing part in a plan or argument."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There's a small hole in my favourite sock.",
    "zh": "我最喜欢的袜子上有一个小洞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The discovery of a hole in the safety fence prompted residents to request urgent repairs.",
    "zh": "安全围栏上发现了一个破洞，促使居民要求紧急维修。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dig a hole｜挖坑",
   "fill a hole｜填洞",
   "a hole in the ground｜地上的坑",
   "pick holes in｜挑毛病"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "opening",
   "gap"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hole指洞；whole指完整的，两词同音。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hole"
 },
 {
  "w": "euro",
  "uk": "/ˈjʊərəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈjʊroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "欧元",
    "en": "The currency used by many countries in the European Union."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I found a euro in my coat pocket today.",
    "zh": "今天我在外套口袋里发现了一枚一欧元硬币。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using the euro allows tourists to visit several European countries without exchanging money at each border.",
    "zh": "使用欧元让游客能够游览多个欧洲国家，而不必每过一次边境就兑换货币。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the euro area｜欧元区",
   "pay in euros｜用欧元支付",
   "adopt the euro｜采用欧元"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "普通英语中复数通常为euros；并非所有欧盟国家都用欧元。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "euro"
 },
 {
  "w": "bookcase",
  "uk": "/ˈbʊkkeɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈbʊkkeɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "书柜；书架",
    "en": "A piece of furniture with shelves for books."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She keeps her favourite novels in a wooden bookcase.",
    "zh": "她把最喜欢的小说放在一个木书柜里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Placing accessible bookcases in classrooms can encourage children to read independently during their free time.",
    "zh": "在教室里摆放方便取书的书柜，可以鼓励孩子在空闲时间自主阅读。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wooden bookcase｜木书柜",
   "built-in bookcase｜嵌入式书柜",
   "a bookcase full of books｜装满书的书柜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bookcase指整件书柜，bookshelf指书架或一层搁板。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bookcase"
 },
 {
  "w": "rule",
  "uk": "/ruːl/",
  "us": "/ruːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "规则；规定",
    "en": "an instruction stating what is allowed or required"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "统治；管辖",
    "en": "control of a country or people by a leader or group"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "统治；裁定",
    "en": "to govern a country or make an official legal decision"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our main rule is to leave muddy shoes outside.",
    "zh": "我们最主要的规矩是把沾泥的鞋子留在外面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear rules on industrial waste disposal are essential for protecting rivers and ensuring safe drinking water.",
    "zh": "关于工业废物处理的明确规定对于保护河流和保障饮用水安全至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "follow the rules｜遵守规则",
   "break a rule｜违反规定",
   "as a rule｜通常",
   "rule out｜排除"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ruler (n.)",
   "ruling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "regulation",
   "govern"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "as a rule意为“通常”；rule out意为“排除”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rule"
 },
 {
  "w": "brush",
  "uk": "/brʌʃ/",
  "us": "/brʌʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刷子；画笔",
    "en": "a tool with bristles used for cleaning, painting or arranging hair"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刷；刷净",
    "en": "to clean, paint or arrange something using a brush"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "轻擦；掠过",
    "en": "to touch something lightly while moving past it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Use a soft brush to clean your muddy shoes.",
    "zh": "用软毛刷清理你沾满泥的鞋子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children should learn to brush their teeth properly, as good habits can prevent many dental problems.",
    "zh": "儿童应学会正确刷牙，因为良好的习惯可以预防许多牙齿问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "brush your teeth｜刷牙",
   "brush your hair｜梳头发",
   "a paint brush｜画笔；油漆刷",
   "brush against｜轻擦"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "brushing (n.)",
   "toothbrush (n.)",
   "hairbrush (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "brush against表示轻擦；brush up on表示温习。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brush"
 },
 {
  "w": "proud",
  "uk": "/praʊd/",
  "us": "/praʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自豪的；骄傲的",
    "en": "Feeling pleased about achievements or people you care about."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自负的；高傲的",
    "en": "Believing you are better or more important than others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He felt proud of the cake he baked himself.",
    "zh": "他为自己亲手烤出的蛋糕感到自豪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents are often proud of their cultural heritage and support efforts to preserve historic buildings.",
    "zh": "居民往往为自己的文化遗产感到自豪，并支持保护历史建筑的行动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "proud of｜为……自豪",
   "proud to be｜以身为……而自豪",
   "make someone proud｜让某人自豪",
   "too proud to ask｜太好面子而不肯问"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pride (n.)",
   "proudly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pleased",
   "arrogant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ashamed",
   "humble"
  ],
  "tip": "be proud of后接名词或动名词，表示为……自豪。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "proud"
 },
 {
  "w": "simple",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪmpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪmpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "简单的；容易的",
    "en": "Easy to understand or do; not complicated."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "朴素的；不加修饰的",
    "en": "Plain and without unnecessary decoration or extra features."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This simple recipe takes just ten minutes to prepare.",
    "zh": "这道简单的菜只需十分钟就能做好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should provide simple instructions so that all students can complete classroom tasks independently.",
    "zh": "学校应提供简单易懂的说明，让所有学生都能独立完成课堂任务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "simple solution｜简单的解决办法",
   "simple instructions｜简单易懂的说明",
   "keep it simple｜保持简单"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "simply (adv.)",
   "simplicity (n.)",
   "simplify (v.)",
   "simplification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "easy",
   "straightforward",
   "uncomplicated"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "complicated",
   "complex"
  ],
  "tip": "simple可指容易或朴素，不一定表示简陋。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "simple"
 },
 {
  "w": "yet",
  "uk": "/jet/",
  "us": "/jet/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "还；尚；已经",
    "en": "Up to now, especially in questions and negative statements."
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "然而；可是",
    "en": "But, despite what has just been stated."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "更；还要",
    "en": "Used to emphasize a further increase or addition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I haven't finished dinner yet, so please wait.",
    "zh": "我还没吃完晚饭，请等一下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Renewable energy is becoming cheaper, yet many countries still depend heavily on fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "可再生能源正在变得更便宜，然而许多国家仍严重依赖化石燃料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "not yet｜还没有",
   "have yet to do｜尚未做",
   "yet another｜又一个",
   "better yet｜更好的是"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“还未”常用于否定句末；疑问句中可表示“已经”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "yet"
 },
 {
  "w": "jewelry",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒuːəlri/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒuːəlri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "珠宝；首饰",
    "en": "decorative objects worn on the body, such as rings and necklaces"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She keeps her jewelry in a small wooden box.",
    "zh": "她把首饰放在一个小木盒里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers increasingly want assurance that the materials used in jewelry are sourced responsibly and without environmental damage.",
    "zh": "消费者越来越希望得到保证：首饰所用材料的来源负责任，且不损害环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a piece of jewelry｜一件首饰",
   "handmade jewelry｜手工首饰",
   "gold jewelry｜黄金首饰",
   "costume jewelry｜仿珠宝首饰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jewel (n.)",
   "jeweler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式拼写，英式为jewellery；不可数，用piece计件。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jewelry"
 },
 {
  "w": "distance",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪstəns/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪstəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "距离；间距",
    "en": "The amount of space between two places or things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疏远；隔阂",
    "en": "A lack of emotional closeness between people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使疏远；撇清关系",
    "en": "To separate yourself from someone, something, or their views"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The distance from our house to school is quite short.",
    "zh": "从我们家到学校的距离很短。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing the distance between residential areas and workplaces could lower transport emissions and improve urban quality of life.",
    "zh": "缩短住宅区与工作地点之间的距离，可以减少交通排放并改善城市生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "walking distance｜步行可达的距离",
   "in the distance｜在远处",
   "keep your distance｜保持距离",
   "distance yourself from｜与……划清界限"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "distant (adj.)",
   "distantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in the distance指在远处；at a distance指隔一段距离。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "distance"
 },
 {
  "w": "underground",
  "uk": "/ˌʌndəˈɡraʊnd/",
  "us": "/ˌʌndərˈɡraʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "地下的；秘密的",
    "en": "Below the ground, or operating secretly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在地下；秘密地",
    "en": "Below the ground, or in a hidden, secret way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地铁",
    "en": "A railway system running mainly beneath a city."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We left our car in an underground garage.",
    "zh": "我们把车停在了地下车库。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Underground transport systems can ease congestion, although constructing tunnels requires substantial investment and careful planning.",
    "zh": "地铁交通系统能缓解拥堵，但隧道建设需要大量投资和周密规划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "underground station｜地铁站",
   "underground car park｜地下停车场",
   "travel underground｜在地下乘车出行",
   "go underground｜转入秘密活动"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "above ground"
  ],
  "tip": "名词表地铁主要用于英式英语，此时重音在首音节。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "underground"
 },
 {
  "w": "refuse",
  "uk": "/rɪˈfjuːz/",
  "us": "/rɪˈfjuːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拒绝；谢绝",
    "en": "to say that you will not do or accept something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "垃圾；废弃物",
    "en": "unwanted waste material that people throw away"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She refused to leave without her favourite blue umbrella.",
    "zh": "不带上她最喜欢的蓝色雨伞，她就不肯走。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities may refuse permission for developments that threaten wildlife habitats or increase flood risks.",
    "zh": "地方政府可能拒绝批准威胁野生动物栖息地或增加洪灾风险的开发项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "refuse to do something｜拒绝做某事",
   "refuse an offer｜谢绝提议",
   "refuse permission｜不予许可",
   "refuse collection｜垃圾收运"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "refusal (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "decline",
   "reject"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "accept"
  ],
  "tip": "名词读/ˈrefjuːs/；动词后接to do，不接doing。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "refuse"
 },
 {
  "w": "lazy",
  "uk": "/ˈleɪzi/",
  "us": "/ˈleɪzi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "懒惰的；不愿出力的",
    "en": "unwilling to work or make an effort"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "悠闲的；懒洋洋的",
    "en": "relaxed and involving little activity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt too lazy to cook dinner tonight.",
    "zh": "今晚我懒得做饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who struggle with homework should not automatically be considered lazy, as learning difficulties may be involved.",
    "zh": "不应一概认为做作业有困难的学生懒惰，因为这可能涉及学习障碍。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "too lazy to｜懒得做",
   "a lazy afternoon｜悠闲的午后",
   "feel lazy｜感到懒洋洋的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "laziness (n.)",
   "lazily (adv.)",
   "laze (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "idle"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hardworking",
   "industrious"
  ],
  "tip": "lazy afternoon指悠闲的午后，不一定含贬义。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lazy"
 },
 {
  "w": "scary",
  "uk": "/ˈskeəri/",
  "us": "/ˈskeri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "吓人的；令人害怕的",
    "en": "Making someone feel afraid or nervous."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That scary noise was just a branch against the window.",
    "zh": "那个吓人的声音只不过是树枝在碰窗户。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Starting school can be scary for young children, so teachers should create a welcoming environment.",
    "zh": "开始上学可能让年幼的孩子害怕，因此教师应营造友善的环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scary movie｜恐怖电影",
   "scary experience｜可怕的经历",
   "look scary｜看起来吓人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scare (v.)",
   "scare (n.)",
   "scared (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "frightening"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reassuring"
  ],
  "tip": "scary形容事物吓人；scared形容人感到害怕。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scary"
 },
 {
  "w": "grandson",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrænsʌn/",
  "us": "/ˈɡrænsʌn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "孙子；外孙",
    "en": "the son of your son or daughter"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her grandson visits every Sunday and helps with cooking.",
    "zh": "她的孙子每周日都来看她，并帮忙做饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular contact with a grandson or granddaughter can help older adults feel more socially connected.",
    "zh": "经常与孙辈联系能帮助老年人增强与社会的联系感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "youngest grandson｜最小的孙子或外孙",
   "eldest grandson｜最大的孙子或外孙"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "granddaughter (n.)",
   "grandchild (n.)",
   "grandparent (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不区分父系与母系，既指孙子也指外孙。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grandson"
 },
 {
  "w": "anywhere",
  "uk": "/ˈeniweə/",
  "us": "/ˈeniwer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在任何地方；去任何地方",
    "en": "in or to any place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在某处；在任何一处",
    "en": "in any place, used in questions and negative statements"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can sit anywhere you like in this room.",
    "zh": "在这个房间里，你想坐哪儿都行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable internet access allows employees to work from anywhere, reducing the need for daily commuting.",
    "zh": "可靠的网络连接使员工能够在任何地方工作，减少了每天通勤的必要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "anywhere else｜其他任何地方",
   "from anywhere｜从任何地方",
   "hardly anywhere｜几乎没有地方"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "nowhere"
  ],
  "tip": "不定副词，通常不直接作名词；anywhere else指别处。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anywhere"
 },
 {
  "w": "flag",
  "uk": "/flæɡ/",
  "us": "/flæɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旗；旗帜",
    "en": "a cloth symbol representing a country, group, or organisation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "标记；提醒注意",
    "en": "to mark something as needing attention"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "衰退；减弱",
    "en": "to become weaker or less energetic"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A bright flag fluttered above the school gate.",
    "zh": "一面鲜艳的旗帜在校门上方飘扬。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should flag potential learning difficulties early so that students can receive appropriate support.",
    "zh": "教师应尽早指出潜在的学习困难，以便学生获得适当的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "raise a flag｜升旗",
   "national flag｜国旗",
   "flag an issue｜标记问题",
   "flagging energy｜逐渐减退的精力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flagging (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词过去式flagged，进行式flagging，双写g。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flag"
 },
 {
  "w": "marry",
  "uk": "/ˈmæri/",
  "us": "/ˈmæri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "与……结婚；结婚",
    "en": "To become someone's husband or wife."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为……主持婚礼",
    "en": "To perform the ceremony that makes two people legally married."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin plans to marry her partner next spring.",
    "zh": "我表姐计划明年春天与伴侣结婚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many young adults choose to marry later because they want financial stability before starting a family.",
    "zh": "许多年轻人选择晚婚，因为他们希望在组建家庭前拥有稳定的经济基础。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "marry someone｜与某人结婚",
   "get married｜结婚",
   "marry young｜年纪轻轻就结婚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "marriage (n.)",
   "married (adj.)",
   "unmarried (adj.)",
   "remarry (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "divorce"
  ],
  "tip": "说marry someone或get married to，不说marry with。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "marry"
 },
 {
  "w": "seventh",
  "uk": "/ˈsevənθ/",
  "us": "/ˈsevənθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "第七",
    "en": "Coming after sixth and before eighth in an ordered sequence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "七分之一",
    "en": "One of seven equal parts of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our new flat is on the seventh floor.",
    "zh": "我们的新公寓在七楼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "By the seventh week of the course, students were able to analyse basic scientific data independently.",
    "zh": "到课程第七周时，学生已能独立分析基本的科学数据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the seventh floor｜七楼",
   "in seventh place｜位列第七",
   "a seventh of｜……的七分之一"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "seven (num.)",
   "seventeen (num.)",
   "seventieth (num.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "序数词前通常用the；已有物主限定词时不用the。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seventh"
 },
 {
  "w": "natural",
  "uk": "/ˈnætʃərəl/",
  "us": "/ˈnætʃərəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "天然的；自然界的",
    "en": "existing in nature rather than made by people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "天生的",
    "en": "having an ability from birth rather than through training"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "正常的；合乎常理的",
    "en": "normal and expected in a particular situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This soap is made entirely from natural ingredients.",
    "zh": "这块肥皂完全由天然原料制成。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting natural habitats is essential for maintaining biodiversity and supporting communities that depend on local ecosystems.",
    "zh": "保护自然栖息地对于维持生物多样性、支持依赖当地生态系统的社区至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "natural resources｜自然资源",
   "natural habitat｜自然栖息地",
   "natural talent｜天赋",
   "perfectly natural｜完全正常的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nature (n.)",
   "naturally (adv.)",
   "unnatural (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "artificial",
   "unnatural"
  ],
  "tip": "natural指天然的；nature是名词，指自然。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "natural"
 },
 {
  "w": "gardening",
  "uk": "/ˈɡɑːdənɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈɡɑːrdənɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "园艺；种植花木",
    "en": "The activity of growing and caring for plants in gardens."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother enjoys gardening on cool spring mornings.",
    "zh": "我奶奶喜欢在凉爽的春日早晨打理花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community gardening can improve urban environments while helping residents develop stronger social connections.",
    "zh": "社区园艺既能改善城市环境，也能帮助居民建立更紧密的社会联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gardening tools｜园艺工具",
   "do some gardening｜做些园艺活",
   "community gardening｜社区园艺"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "garden (n.)",
   "garden (v.)",
   "gardener (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词：do some gardening。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gardening"
 },
 {
  "w": "surfing",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːfɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːfɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冲浪运动",
    "en": "The sport of riding waves while standing on a board."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "网上浏览",
    "en": "The activity of browsing websites on the internet."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We went surfing at the beach early this morning.",
    "zh": "今天一大早我们去海滩冲浪了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The growing popularity of surfing can support coastal economies while increasing pressure on fragile marine environments.",
    "zh": "冲浪运动日益流行，既能促进沿海经济，也会加大脆弱海洋环境承受的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go surfing｜去冲浪",
   "surfing lessons｜冲浪课程",
   "web surfing｜网页浏览"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "surf (v.)",
   "surfer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "运动用go surfing；网上浏览也可说surf the internet。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "surfing"
 },
 {
  "w": "user",
  "uk": "/ˈjuːzə/",
  "us": "/ˈjuːzər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "使用者；用户",
    "en": "A person who uses a product, service, or facility."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each user can choose a different colour for their profile.",
    "zh": "每位用户都可以为自己的个人资料选择不同的颜色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Software developers should consider the needs of every user, including people with limited technical skills.",
    "zh": "软件开发者应考虑每位用户的需求，包括技术能力有限的人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "user account｜用户账户",
   "user feedback｜用户反馈",
   "road user｜道路使用者",
   "regular user｜经常使用者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "use (v.)",
   "useful (adj.)",
   "usable (adj.)",
   "usage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "use作动词及user中的s读/z/。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "user"
 },
 {
  "w": "metro",
  "uk": "/ˈmetrəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈmetroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地铁；地铁系统",
    "en": "An urban railway system that often runs underground."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took the metro to the museum this morning.",
    "zh": "今天上午，我们乘地铁去了博物馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding the metro could reduce traffic congestion by providing residents with a reliable alternative to private cars.",
    "zh": "扩建地铁能为居民提供可靠的私家车替代出行方式，从而缓解交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take the metro｜乘地铁",
   "metro station｜地铁站",
   "metro line｜地铁线路",
   "metro network｜地铁网络"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "subway",
   "underground"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "metro不限于法国；乘地铁常说take the metro。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "metro"
 },
 {
  "w": "save",
  "uk": "/seɪv/",
  "us": "/seɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挽救；救助",
    "en": "To prevent someone or something from being harmed or lost."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "节省；储蓄",
    "en": "To use less of something or keep money for later."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "保存；保留",
    "en": "To keep something for future use, especially computer data."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lifeguard saved a child from the deep water.",
    "zh": "救生员从深水中救起了一个孩子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in reliable public transport can save commuters time and reduce household travel costs.",
    "zh": "投资建设可靠的公共交通可以节省通勤者的时间，并降低家庭出行成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "save a life｜挽救生命",
   "save money｜省钱；存钱",
   "save time｜节省时间",
   "save a file｜保存文件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "saving (n.)",
   "savings (n.)",
   "saver (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "save money既可指省钱，也可指存钱。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "save"
 },
 {
  "w": "jewellery",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒuːəlri/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒuːəlri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "珠宝；首饰",
    "en": "Decorative objects worn on the body, such as rings and necklaces."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She keeps her jewellery in a small wooden box.",
    "zh": "她把首饰放在一个小木盒里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional jewellery can reflect cultural identity while providing income for skilled craftspeople in rural communities.",
    "zh": "传统首饰既能体现文化认同，也能为农村社区的熟练手工艺人带来收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a piece of jewellery｜一件首饰",
   "gold jewellery｜黄金首饰",
   "handmade jewellery｜手工首饰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jewel (n.)",
   "jeweller (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；一件用a piece of；美式拼写jewelry。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jewellery"
 },
 {
  "w": "plastic",
  "uk": "/ˈplæstɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈplæstɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "塑料",
    "en": "a lightweight manufactured material that can form many different shapes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "塑料制的",
    "en": "made of plastic"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可塑的",
    "en": "able to be shaped or changed easily"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This lunch box is made of strong recycled plastic.",
    "zh": "这个午餐盒由结实的再生塑料制成。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing single-use plastic packaging could protect marine ecosystems and lower the costs of managing household waste.",
    "zh": "减少一次性塑料包装可以保护海洋生态系统，并降低生活垃圾处理成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "single-use plastic｜一次性塑料",
   "plastic waste｜塑料垃圾",
   "plastic packaging｜塑料包装",
   "recycled plastic｜再生塑料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plasticity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示塑料材料时通常不可数；a plastic指一种塑料。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plastic"
 },
 {
  "w": "towards",
  "uk": "/təˈwɔːdz/",
  "us": "/tɔːrdz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "朝；向",
    "en": "In the direction of someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "对；对于",
    "en": "In relation to someone or something, especially in attitude."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "用于；有助于",
    "en": "Helping to achieve a goal or pay for something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puppy ran towards me with its tail wagging.",
    "zh": "小狗摇着尾巴朝我跑来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport is an important step towards reducing air pollution in cities.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通是减少城市空气污染的重要一步。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "walk towards｜朝……走去",
   "attitude towards｜对……的态度",
   "work towards a goal｜努力实现目标",
   "go towards the cost｜用于支付部分费用"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "toward"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "away from"
  ],
  "tip": "towards与toward意思相同；前者英式更常用。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "towards"
 },
 {
  "w": "broccoli",
  "uk": "/ˈbrɒkəli/",
  "us": "/ˈbrɑːkəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "西兰花",
    "en": "A green vegetable with thick stems and tightly clustered flower buds."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We steamed the broccoli until it turned bright green.",
    "zh": "我们把西兰花蒸到颜色变得鲜绿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage healthier eating by serving vegetables such as broccoli alongside familiar dishes.",
    "zh": "学校可以在常见菜肴旁搭配西兰花等蔬菜，鼓励更健康的饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "broccoli florets｜西兰花小朵",
   "steamed broccoli｜蒸西兰花",
   "a head of broccoli｜一整颗西兰花"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；小朵西兰花可说broccoli florets。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "broccoli"
 },
 {
  "w": "protect",
  "uk": "/prəˈtekt/",
  "us": "/prəˈtekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "保护；防护",
    "en": "To keep someone or something safe from harm or damage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Wear thick gloves to protect your hands from thorns.",
    "zh": "戴上厚手套，保护双手不被刺扎伤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should protect endangered species by preserving natural habitats and restricting activities that threaten their survival.",
    "zh": "政府应通过保护自然栖息地并限制威胁生存的活动，来保护濒危物种。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "protect the environment｜保护环境",
   "protect against disease｜预防疾病",
   "protect from harm｜保护……免受伤害",
   "protect privacy｜保护隐私"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "protection (n.)",
   "protective (adj.)",
   "protector (n.)",
   "unprotected (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "safeguard",
   "shield",
   "defend"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "endanger"
  ],
  "tip": "常用protect sb/sth from或against，表示免受伤害。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "protect"
 },
 {
  "w": "strange",
  "uk": "/streɪndʒ/",
  "us": "/streɪndʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "奇怪的；反常的",
    "en": "Unusual or unexpected in a way that seems surprising"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "陌生的；不熟悉的",
    "en": "Not known or experienced before"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There was a strange noise coming from the cupboard.",
    "zh": "橱柜里传出一阵奇怪的声音。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Customs that seem strange to visitors may reflect important social values within the local community.",
    "zh": "在游客看来奇怪的习俗，可能体现了当地社区重要的社会价值观。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strange behaviour｜奇怪的行为",
   "feel strange｜感觉不自在",
   "a strange place｜陌生的地方",
   "a strange noise｜奇怪的声音"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "strangely (adv.)",
   "strangeness (n.)",
   "stranger (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "odd",
   "unusual",
   "unfamiliar"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "normal",
   "familiar"
  ],
  "tip": "strange 可指奇怪，也可指陌生；stranger 是陌生人。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strange"
 },
 {
  "w": "latest",
  "uk": "/ˈleɪtɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈleɪtɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最新的；最近的",
    "en": "Most recent or newest."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "最新消息；最新事物",
    "en": "The most recent news, developments, or products."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Have you heard the latest news about our neighbour?",
    "zh": "你听说关于我们邻居的最新消息了吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "The latest research suggests that regular physical activity can improve both memory and mental health.",
    "zh": "最新研究表明，规律运动可以改善记忆力和心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the latest research｜最新研究",
   "the latest version｜最新版本",
   "at the latest｜最迟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "late (adj.)",
   "lately (adv.)",
   "lateness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "newest",
   "most recent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "earliest"
  ],
  "tip": "latest指最新；last常指上一个或最后一个。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "latest"
 },
 {
  "w": "snake",
  "uk": "/sneɪk/",
  "us": "/sneɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蛇",
    "en": "a long reptile without legs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "蜿蜒延伸；曲折前行",
    "en": "to move or extend along a winding path"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small snake slid quietly through the dry grass.",
    "zh": "一条小蛇悄悄滑过干草丛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although snakes often cause fear, they help maintain ecological balance by controlling populations of rodents and other animals.",
    "zh": "虽然蛇常令人恐惧，但它们通过控制啮齿动物及其他动物的数量，帮助维持生态平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a poisonous snake｜毒蛇",
   "a snake bite｜蛇咬伤",
   "snake through｜蜿蜒穿过"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "snakelike (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词表示蜿蜒，常搭配through或along。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "snake"
 },
 {
  "w": "wardrobe",
  "uk": "/ˈwɔːdrəʊb/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːrdroʊb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "衣柜；衣橱",
    "en": "a tall cupboard used for storing clothes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "某人的全部衣物",
    "en": "all the clothes that a person owns"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her winter coats fill most of the wardrobe.",
    "zh": "她的冬季外套占了衣柜的大部分空间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building a smaller wardrobe with durable clothing can reduce the environmental impact of fashion consumption.",
    "zh": "减少衣物数量并选择耐穿的服装，可以降低时尚消费对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fitted wardrobe｜嵌入式衣柜",
   "capsule wardrobe｜精简百搭衣橱",
   "update your wardrobe｜添置新衣"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指衣柜，也可指某人拥有的全部衣物。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wardrobe"
 },
 {
  "w": "hometown",
  "uk": "/ˈhəʊmtaʊn/",
  "us": "/ˈhoʊmtaʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "家乡；故乡",
    "en": "The town or city where you grew up or come from."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I return to my hometown every summer to visit relatives.",
    "zh": "我每年夏天都回家乡探望亲人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many graduates leave their hometown to seek better employment opportunities in larger urban centres.",
    "zh": "许多毕业生离开家乡，前往更大的城市寻求更好的就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "return to your hometown｜回到家乡",
   "leave your hometown｜离开家乡",
   "hometown residents｜家乡居民"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "home (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指小镇或城市，不一定是出生地。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hometown"
 },
 {
  "w": "smart",
  "uk": "/smɑːt/",
  "us": "/smɑːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "聪明的；明智的",
    "en": "intelligent or showing good judgment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "整洁时髦的",
    "en": "neat, stylish, and suitable for a formal occasion"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "智能的",
    "en": "using computer technology to perform tasks automatically"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That was a smart way to fix the shelf.",
    "zh": "用那个办法修好架子真聪明。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Smart irrigation systems can reduce water waste by adjusting supply according to soil conditions.",
    "zh": "智能灌溉系统可根据土壤状况调节供水，从而减少水资源浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a smart choice｜明智的选择",
   "smart clothes｜整洁时髦的衣服",
   "smart technology｜智能技术",
   "look smart｜看起来整洁得体"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "smartly (adv.)",
   "smartness (n.)",
   "smarten (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clever",
   "intelligent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "foolish"
  ],
  "tip": "英式常指衣着整洁时髦；美式常指聪明。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "smart"
 },
 {
  "w": "mother-in-law",
  "uk": "/ˈmʌðər ɪn lɔː/",
  "us": "/ˈmʌðər ɪn lɔː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "婆婆；岳母",
    "en": "the mother of your husband or wife"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My mother-in-law taught me how to grow tomatoes.",
    "zh": "我婆婆教我如何种番茄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Support from a mother-in-law can reduce childcare costs and allow parents to continue their education.",
    "zh": "婆婆或岳母的支持可以降低育儿成本，让父母能够继续接受教育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "future mother-in-law｜未来的婆婆或岳母",
   "supportive mother-in-law｜给予支持的婆婆或岳母"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指配偶的母亲；复数mothers-in-law。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mother-in-law"
 },
 {
  "w": "goat",
  "uk": "/ɡəʊt/",
  "us": "/ɡoʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "山羊",
    "en": "A hoofed animal, often with horns, kept for milk or meat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A curious goat poked its head through the fence.",
    "zh": "一只好奇的山羊把头探出了围栏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Raising goats can provide rural families with a reliable source of milk and additional income.",
    "zh": "饲养山羊可以为农村家庭提供稳定的奶源和额外收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "goat's milk｜山羊奶",
   "goat's cheese｜山羊奶酪",
   "a herd of goats｜一群山羊"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "goat是山羊，sheep是绵羊；替罪羊用scapegoat。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "goat"
 },
 {
  "w": "clear",
  "uk": "/klɪə/",
  "us": "/klɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "清楚的；明确的",
    "en": "Easy to understand, see, or hear"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "清澈的；晴朗的",
    "en": "Free from cloud, dirt, or anything blocking light"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "清除；清空",
    "en": "To remove unwanted things from a place"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The instructions were clear, so I assembled the shelf easily.",
    "zh": "说明很清楚，所以我轻松地组装好了架子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns should provide clear advice that people from different educational backgrounds can easily understand.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传应提供明确的建议，让不同教育背景的人都能轻松理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clear instructions｜清楚的说明",
   "clear evidence｜明确的证据",
   "crystal clear｜清澈透明的；非常清楚的",
   "clear the table｜收拾餐桌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clearly (adv.)",
   "clarity (n.)",
   "clearance (n.)",
   "unclear (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unclear"
  ],
  "tip": "make it clear that…表示明确说明……。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clear"
 },
 {
  "w": "blog",
  "uk": "/blɒɡ/",
  "us": "/blɑːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "博客；网络日志",
    "en": "A website or page with regularly added posts."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "写博客",
    "en": "To write and publish posts on a blog."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She writes a blog about growing vegetables at home.",
    "zh": "她写一个介绍在家种菜的博客。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-researched blog can make scientific information more accessible to readers without specialist knowledge.",
    "zh": "一个研究充分的博客可以让没有专业知识的读者更容易理解科学信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write a blog｜写博客",
   "blog post｜博文",
   "travel blog｜旅行博客",
   "blog about something｜写关于某事的博客"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blogger (n.)",
   "blogging (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一篇博文叫a blog post；blog常指整个博客。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blog"
 },
 {
  "w": "digital",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪdʒɪtəl/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪdʒɪtəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "数字技术的；数码的",
    "en": "using electronic systems that store and process information as digits"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She keeps digital copies of all her family photos.",
    "zh": "她保存着所有家庭照片的电子副本。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving digital skills can help older adults access public services and maintain contact with distant relatives.",
    "zh": "提高数字技能可以帮助老年人使用公共服务，并与远方亲属保持联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "digital technology｜数字技术",
   "digital skills｜数字技能",
   "digital divide｜数字鸿沟",
   "digital camera｜数码相机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "digit (n.)",
   "digitally (adv.)",
   "digitise (v.)",
   "digitisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "analogue"
  ],
  "tip": "digital侧重数字技术；表示“数字上的”常用numerical。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "digital"
 },
 {
  "w": "polite",
  "uk": "/pəˈlaɪt/",
  "us": "/pəˈlaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有礼貌的；客气的",
    "en": "Showing respect and consideration for other people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The polite child held the door open for us.",
    "zh": "那个有礼貌的孩子为我们扶着门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Polite communication in the workplace can reduce misunderstandings and help employees build stronger professional relationships.",
    "zh": "职场中的礼貌沟通可以减少误解，并帮助员工建立更牢固的工作关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "polite to someone｜对某人有礼貌",
   "polite request｜礼貌的请求",
   "polite conversation｜客气的交谈",
   "polite refusal｜婉言拒绝"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "politely (adv.)",
   "politeness (n.)",
   "impolite (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "courteous",
   "respectful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rude",
   "impolite"
  ],
  "tip": "对某人有礼貌用be polite to，不用polite with。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "polite"
 },
 {
  "w": "energy",
  "uk": "/ˈenədʒi/",
  "us": "/ˈenɚdʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "精力；活力",
    "en": "The strength and enthusiasm needed for physical or mental activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "能量；能源",
    "en": "Power used to produce heat, movement, light, or electricity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After a short nap, I had energy to cook.",
    "zh": "小睡一会儿后，我有精力做饭了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in renewable energy can reduce dependence on fossil fuels while creating new employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "投资可再生能源可以减少对化石燃料的依赖，同时创造新的就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "full of energy｜精力充沛",
   "renewable energy｜可再生能源",
   "energy consumption｜能源消耗",
   "save energy｜节约能源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "energetic (adj.)",
   "energetically (adv.)",
   "energise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "vitality",
   "vigour"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示精力或能源时通常不可数，不说 an energy。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "energy"
 },
 {
  "w": "government",
  "uk": "/ˈɡʌvənmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈɡʌvərnmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "政府",
    "en": "the group of people officially controlling a country or region"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "治理；政体",
    "en": "the activity or system of controlling a country"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The government plans to build a new hospital nearby.",
    "zh": "政府计划在附近建一所新医院。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local government plays a crucial role in providing affordable housing and maintaining essential public services.",
    "zh": "地方政府在提供可负担住房和维持基本公共服务方面发挥着关键作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local government｜地方政府",
   "central government｜中央政府",
   "government policy｜政府政策",
   "a system of government｜政体"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "govern (v.)",
   "governmental (adj.)",
   "governance (n.)",
   "governor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "administration"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英国英语中，指政府群体时可接单数或复数谓语。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "government"
 },
 {
  "w": "organise",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːɡənaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːrɡənaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "组织；筹办",
    "en": "plan and arrange an event or activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "整理；有序安排",
    "en": "put things into a clear and useful order"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We organise a picnic for our neighbours every summer.",
    "zh": "我们每年夏天都会为邻居们组织一次野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local councils can organise community workshops to teach residents practical ways to reduce household waste.",
    "zh": "地方议会可以组织社区工作坊，教居民减少家庭垃圾的实用方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "organise an event｜筹办活动",
   "organise a meeting｜组织会议",
   "organise your time｜安排时间",
   "organise files｜整理文件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "organisation (n.)",
   "organiser (n.)",
   "organised (adj.)",
   "organisational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "arrange",
   "coordinate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "organise常见于英式英语；美式通常写organize。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "organise"
 },
 {
  "w": "correctly",
  "uk": "/kəˈrektli/",
  "us": "/kəˈrektli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "正确地；恰当地",
    "en": "in a way that is accurate or follows the rules"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Check that you have entered your address correctly.",
    "zh": "检查一下，确保你的地址输入正确。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students need regular feedback to ensure that they apply newly learned scientific concepts correctly in practical situations.",
    "zh": "学生需要定期获得反馈，以确保他们能在实际情境中正确运用新学的科学概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "answer correctly｜回答正确",
   "correctly identify｜正确识别",
   "correctly interpret｜正确解读",
   "if I remember correctly｜如果我没记错"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "correct (adj.)",
   "correct (v.)",
   "correction (n.)",
   "incorrectly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "accurately",
   "properly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "incorrectly",
   "wrongly"
  ],
  "tip": "修饰动作；correct是形容词或动词，不作副词使用。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "correctly"
 },
 {
  "w": "fair",
  "uk": "/feə/",
  "us": "/fer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "公平的；合理的",
    "en": "treating people equally or reasonably"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "肤色白皙的；浅色的",
    "en": "having pale skin or light hair"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "展销会；集市",
    "en": "an event where people display or sell goods and services"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took turns choosing games to keep things fair.",
    "zh": "我们轮流选游戏，以保证公平。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A fair education system should give every child access to quality teaching, regardless of family income.",
    "zh": "公平的教育制度应让每个孩子都能获得优质教学，不受家庭收入影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fair treatment｜公平待遇",
   "a fair price｜合理的价格",
   "fair hair｜浅色头发",
   "trade fair｜贸易展览会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fairly (adv.)",
   "fairness (n.)",
   "unfair (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "just",
   "equitable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfair"
  ],
  "tip": "fair指待遇公平；fairly还可表示“相当”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fair"
 },
 {
  "w": "vacation",
  "uk": "/vəˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/veɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "假期；度假",
    "en": "time away from work or study for rest or travel"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "度假",
    "en": "to spend a holiday somewhere away from home"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent our summer vacation camping beside a lake.",
    "zh": "我们暑假在湖边露营。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Taking a regular vacation may improve employees' mental health and help them return to work with greater motivation.",
    "zh": "定期休假可能改善员工的心理健康，并让他们回到工作岗位时更有动力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on vacation｜在度假",
   "take a vacation｜休假",
   "summer vacation｜暑假",
   "paid vacation｜带薪假期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vacationer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "holiday"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要用于美式英语；英式英语一般用holiday。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vacation"
 },
 {
  "w": "traveler",
  "uk": "/ˈtrævələ/",
  "us": "/ˈtrævələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旅行者；旅客",
    "en": "a person who travels from one place to another"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tired traveler asked me where the station was.",
    "zh": "一位疲惫的旅客问我车站在哪里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every traveler can support local communities by choosing accommodation and services owned by residents.",
    "zh": "每位旅行者都可以选择当地居民经营的住宿和服务，以支持当地社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "solo traveler｜独自旅行者",
   "business traveler｜商务旅客",
   "frequent traveler｜经常出行的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "travel (v.)",
   "travel (n.)",
   "traveling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "traveler是美式拼写；英式通常写traveller。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "traveler"
 },
 {
  "w": "tool",
  "uk": "/tuːl/",
  "us": "/tuːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工具；用具",
    "en": "An object used to build, repair, or make things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手段；辅助工具",
    "en": "Something that helps you perform a task or achieve something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small tool helps me tighten the loose screws.",
    "zh": "这个小工具帮我拧紧松动的螺丝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital maps are a valuable tool for urban planners seeking to design more accessible public transport networks.",
    "zh": "数字地图是城市规划者设计更便捷的公共交通网络的重要辅助工具。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hand tools｜手工工具",
   "power tools｜电动工具",
   "a useful tool｜实用工具",
   "a tool for learning｜学习工具"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "toolbox (n.)",
   "toolkit (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "implement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tool是可数名词；equipment通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tool"
 },
 {
  "w": "ankle",
  "uk": "/ˈæŋkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈæŋkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脚踝；踝关节",
    "en": "the joint connecting your foot to your leg"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She twisted her ankle while walking down the steps.",
    "zh": "她下台阶时扭伤了脚踝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Appropriate footwear can reduce the risk of ankle injuries during physical exercise and outdoor activities.",
    "zh": "合适的鞋子可以降低体育锻炼和户外活动中脚踝受伤的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sprain an ankle｜扭伤脚踝",
   "a swollen ankle｜肿胀的脚踝",
   "ankle support｜护踝"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ankle指脚与小腿连接处，不是脚后跟heel。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ankle"
 },
 {
  "w": "cereal",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪəriəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪriəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "早餐麦片",
    "en": "a breakfast food made from grains, often eaten with milk"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谷物；谷类作物",
    "en": "a plant grown for grain, or the grain it produces"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She poured cold milk over her bowl of cereal.",
    "zh": "她把冷牛奶倒进盛着早餐麦片的碗里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers may need to grow different cereal crops as changing rainfall patterns affect agricultural production.",
    "zh": "随着降雨模式变化影响农业生产，农民可能需要种植不同的谷类作物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "breakfast cereal｜早餐麦片",
   "a bowl of cereal｜一碗麦片",
   "cereal crops｜谷类作物",
   "wholegrain cereal｜全谷物麦片"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "早餐食品泛指时常不可数；指谷物种类可用cereals。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cereal"
 },
 {
  "w": "insect",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnsekt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnsekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "昆虫",
    "en": "A small animal with six legs and three main body sections."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiny green insect landed on my sleeve.",
    "zh": "一只绿色的小昆虫落在了我的袖子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many insect species pollinate crops, making their protection essential for food production and healthy ecosystems.",
    "zh": "许多昆虫物种为农作物授粉，因此保护它们对粮食生产和健康的生态系统至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "insect bite｜昆虫叮咬",
   "insect repellent｜驱虫剂",
   "insect species｜昆虫物种"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "insecticide (n.)",
   "insectivorous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；蜘蛛有八条腿，不属于昆虫。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "insect"
 },
 {
  "w": "Frenchman",
  "uk": "/ˈfrentʃmən/",
  "us": "/ˈfrentʃmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "法国男子",
    "en": "a man who is French"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A Frenchman on the train helped me lift my suitcase.",
    "zh": "火车上一位法国男子帮我提起了行李箱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The exhibition explores how a Frenchman adapted to life abroad while maintaining connections with his home culture.",
    "zh": "这场展览探讨了一位法国男子如何适应海外生活，同时保持与本国文化的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a young Frenchman｜一位年轻的法国男子",
   "a native Frenchman｜一位土生土长的法国男子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "French (adj.)",
   "Frenchwoman (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母大写，复数Frenchmen；不限性别用French person。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "frenchman"
 },
 {
  "w": "manager",
  "uk": "/ˈmænɪdʒə/",
  "us": "/ˈmænɪdʒɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经理；管理者",
    "en": "A person responsible for running a business, team, or department."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The manager helped a new employee arrange the shelves.",
    "zh": "经理帮一位新员工整理了货架。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An effective manager encourages open communication and ensures that employees have sufficient resources to complete their tasks.",
    "zh": "高效的管理者鼓励开放沟通，并确保员工有充足的资源完成任务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "project manager｜项目经理",
   "store manager｜商店经理",
   "senior manager｜高级经理",
   "line manager｜直属上司"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "manage (v.)",
   "management (n.)",
   "managerial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "manager指管理者；management可指管理工作或管理层。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "manager"
 },
 {
  "w": "alone",
  "uk": "/əˈləʊn/",
  "us": "/əˈloʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "独自的；单独的",
    "en": "without anyone else present"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "独自地；独力地",
    "en": "without other people or their help"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "仅仅；单是",
    "en": "only, excluding everything or everyone else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was alone in the kitchen when the kettle boiled.",
    "zh": "水壶里的水烧开时，厨房里只有我一个人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments cannot solve environmental problems alone, as lasting progress also requires cooperation from businesses and individual citizens.",
    "zh": "政府无法独力解决环境问题，因为持久的进步也需要企业和公民个人的合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "live alone｜独居",
   "travel alone｜独自旅行",
   "leave someone alone｜不打扰某人",
   "go it alone｜独自干"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "unaccompanied"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "alone指独自，不一定孤独；lonely强调孤独感。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alone"
 },
 {
  "w": "competition",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːmpəˈtɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "竞争",
    "en": "The effort to succeed against others seeking the same goal."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "比赛；竞赛",
    "en": "An organised event in which people try to win."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our school is holding a painting competition next Friday.",
    "zh": "我们学校下周五要举办绘画比赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Competition between businesses can lower prices, but effective regulation is needed to protect consumers from unfair practices.",
    "zh": "企业间的竞争可以降低价格，但仍需有效监管来保护消费者免受不公平商业行为的侵害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fierce competition｜激烈竞争",
   "competition for jobs｜求职竞争",
   "enter a competition｜参加比赛",
   "win a competition｜赢得比赛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compete (v.)",
   "competitive (adj.)",
   "competitor (n.)",
   "competitiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rivalry",
   "contest"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cooperation"
  ],
  "tip": "表示竞争通常不可数；表示一场比赛时可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "competition"
 },
 {
  "w": "beef",
  "uk": "/biːf/",
  "us": "/biːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牛肉",
    "en": "meat from cattle, eaten as food"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cooked the beef slowly with carrots and potatoes.",
    "zh": "我们把牛肉和胡萝卜、土豆一起慢炖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing beef consumption could lower greenhouse gas emissions because raising cattle requires substantial land and resources.",
    "zh": "减少牛肉消费可能降低温室气体排放，因为养牛需要大量土地和资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "roast beef｜烤牛肉",
   "minced beef｜牛肉末",
   "beef stew｜炖牛肉",
   "lean beef｜瘦牛肉"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示食物时通常不可数：some beef，不用a beef。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beef"
 },
 {
  "w": "discuss",
  "uk": "/dɪˈskʌs/",
  "us": "/dɪˈskʌs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "讨论；商讨",
    "en": "to talk about something and exchange ideas"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "论述",
    "en": "to examine a subject in speech or writing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Let's discuss our holiday plans over dinner tonight.",
    "zh": "今晚我们边吃晚饭边商量度假计划吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should discuss different solutions before deciding how to reduce waste on their campus.",
    "zh": "学生应先讨论不同的解决办法，再决定如何减少校园垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "discuss a problem｜讨论问题",
   "discuss something with someone｜与某人讨论某事",
   "discuss in detail｜详细讨论"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "discussion (n.)",
   "discussant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "talk about",
   "consider"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "直接接讨论内容：discuss sth，不加about。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "discuss"
 },
 {
  "w": "snack",
  "uk": "/snæk/",
  "us": "/snæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "零食；小吃",
    "en": "A small amount of food eaten between main meals."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吃零食；吃点心",
    "en": "To eat small amounts of food between main meals."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I packed an apple and some nuts for a snack.",
    "zh": "我装了一个苹果和一些坚果，留着当零食吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage healthier eating habits by offering nutritious snacks instead of foods high in sugar.",
    "zh": "学校可以提供营养丰富的点心来代替高糖食品，从而鼓励更健康的饮食习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a healthy snack｜健康零食",
   "a light snack｜少量点心",
   "snack on nuts｜吃坚果当零食"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用snack on sth，表示吃某物当零食。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "snack"
 },
 {
  "w": "ketchup",
  "uk": "/ˈketʃəp/",
  "us": "/ˈketʃəp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "番茄调味酱",
    "en": "A thick, usually tomato-based sauce served with food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He squeezed some ketchup onto his plate of chips.",
    "zh": "他往那盘薯条上挤了些番茄酱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing added sugar in everyday products such as ketchup could help consumers make healthier dietary choices.",
    "zh": "减少番茄酱等日常食品中的添加糖，有助于消费者作出更健康的饮食选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tomato ketchup｜番茄调味酱",
   "a bottle of ketchup｜一瓶番茄酱",
   "a squeeze of ketchup｜挤出的一点番茄酱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "catsup"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；与浓缩烹饪用的tomato paste不同。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ketchup"
 },
 {
  "w": "model",
  "uk": "/ˈmɒdəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːdəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "模型；模式",
    "en": "a representation showing how something looks, works, or is organised"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "模范；榜样",
    "en": "someone or something that provides a good example to follow"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "模特儿",
    "en": "a person who displays clothes or poses for artists"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He built a model of a bridge from cardboard.",
    "zh": "他用硬纸板做了一座桥的模型。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers use a computer model to predict how rising temperatures may affect regional water supplies.",
    "zh": "研究人员利用计算机模型预测气温上升可能如何影响区域供水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scale model｜比例模型",
   "computer model｜计算机模型",
   "role model｜榜样",
   "fashion model｜时装模特"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "modelling (n.)",
   "modeller (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "model还可作动词，表示建模或当模特。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "model"
 },
 {
  "w": "photocopier",
  "uk": "/ˈfəʊtəʊkɒpiə/",
  "us": "/ˈfoʊtoʊkɑːpiər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "复印机",
    "en": "A machine that makes paper copies of documents or pictures."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The office photocopier has run out of paper again.",
    "zh": "办公室的复印机又没纸了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing a shared photocopier allows small businesses to reduce equipment costs while meeting their daily printing needs.",
    "zh": "配备共用复印机可让小企业在满足日常打印需求的同时降低设备成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "use a photocopier｜使用复印机",
   "office photocopier｜办公室复印机",
   "colour photocopier｜彩色复印机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "photocopy (n.)",
   "photocopy (v.)",
   "photocopying (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "copier"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "photocopier是机器；photocopy是复印件或复印动作。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "photocopier"
 },
 {
  "w": "mail",
  "uk": "/meɪl/",
  "us": "/meɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "邮件；邮政",
    "en": "letters and parcels sent or delivered through a postal service"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "邮寄",
    "en": "to send a letter or parcel through a postal service"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mail arrived just as we finished breakfast.",
    "zh": "我们刚吃完早饭，邮件就到了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although digital communication is widespread, many rural residents still depend on mail for essential documents.",
    "zh": "尽管数字通信已很普及，许多农村居民仍依赖邮政收取重要文件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "send by mail｜通过邮政寄送",
   "check the mail｜查看邮件",
   "mail a parcel｜邮寄包裹"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mailing (n.)",
   "mailer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "post"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mail作“邮件”通常不可数；英式日常也常用post。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mail"
 },
 {
  "w": "weak",
  "uk": "/wiːk/",
  "us": "/wiːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "虚弱的；无力的",
    "en": "lacking physical strength or energy"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "薄弱的；缺乏说服力的",
    "en": "not effective, convincing, or well supported"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "淡的；微弱的",
    "en": "having little intensity, flavour, or power"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt too weak to carry the shopping upstairs.",
    "zh": "我觉得浑身无力，没法把买来的东西提上楼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policies based on weak evidence may fail to address the underlying causes of unemployment.",
    "zh": "依据薄弱证据制定的政策可能无法解决失业的根本原因。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel weak｜感到虚弱",
   "weak evidence｜薄弱的证据",
   "weak signal｜微弱的信号",
   "weak tea｜淡茶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "weakness (n.)",
   "weaken (v.)",
   "weakly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "feeble"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "strong"
  ],
  "tip": "weak与week同音；weakness可指弱点，也可指虚弱。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "weak"
 },
 {
  "w": "invent",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvent/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发明；创造",
    "en": "To design or make something that did not exist before."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "编造；虚构",
    "en": "To make up a story or excuse that is untrue."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister invented a clever tool for picking apples.",
    "zh": "我姐姐发明了一种巧妙的摘苹果工具。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers must invent affordable technologies that help rural communities gain access to clean drinking water.",
    "zh": "工程师必须发明价格可负担的技术，帮助农村社区获得清洁饮用水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "invent a device｜发明装置",
   "invent an excuse｜编造借口",
   "invent a story｜虚构故事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "invention (n.)",
   "inventor (n.)",
   "inventive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "invent是创造新事物；discover是发现已有事物。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "invent"
 },
 {
  "w": "discover",
  "uk": "/dɪˈskʌvə/",
  "us": "/dɪˈskʌvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发现",
    "en": "to find something or learn something previously unknown"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We discovered a quiet beach behind the cliffs.",
    "zh": "我们在悬崖后面发现了一片安静的海滩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists may discover new ways to treat diseases by studying plants in tropical forests.",
    "zh": "科学家可能通过研究热带森林中的植物，发现治疗疾病的新方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "discover a cure｜发现疗法",
   "discover a new species｜发现新物种",
   "discover the truth｜发现真相"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "discovery (n.)",
   "discoverer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "find",
   "uncover"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "discover发现原本存在的事物；invent创造新事物。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "discover"
 },
 {
  "w": "designer",
  "uk": "/dɪˈzaɪnə/",
  "us": "/dɪˈzaɪnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "设计师；设计者",
    "en": "Someone who plans how something will look or work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "名牌设计师设计的",
    "en": "Made by a famous fashion designer, usually expensive."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The designer showed us a model of our kitchen.",
    "zh": "设计师给我们看了我们厨房的模型。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A skilled designer can make public spaces more accessible to people with limited mobility.",
    "zh": "技艺娴熟的设计师能够让行动不便的人更方便地使用公共空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fashion designer｜时装设计师",
   "graphic designer｜平面设计师",
   "interior designer｜室内设计师",
   "designer clothes｜设计师品牌服装"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "design (v.)",
   "design (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作形容词常置于衣物等名词前，强调设计师品牌。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "designer"
 },
 {
  "w": "stadium",
  "uk": "/ˈsteɪdiəm/",
  "us": "/ˈsteɪdiəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体育场",
    "en": "a large sports venue with seating around a central area"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fans filled the stadium before the football match began.",
    "zh": "足球比赛开始前，球迷们就坐满了体育场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building a new stadium may attract visitors, but its long-term maintenance costs require careful consideration.",
    "zh": "修建新体育场或许能吸引游客，但其长期维护费用需要仔细考虑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "football stadium｜足球场",
   "packed stadium｜座无虚席的体育场",
   "stadium capacity｜体育场容纳人数"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数可用stadiums或stadia，前者更常见。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stadium"
 },
 {
  "w": "pupil",
  "uk": "/ˈpjuːpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpjuːpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小学生；中学生",
    "en": "A child who attends school."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瞳孔",
    "en": "The dark opening in the eye that lets light enter."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each pupil brought a leaf to the science lesson.",
    "zh": "每个学生都带了一片树叶来上科学课。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Smaller classes may allow teachers to give each pupil more individual support and useful feedback.",
    "zh": "小班教学可能让教师为每个学生提供更多个别指导和有用的反馈。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "primary school pupil｜小学生",
   "former pupil｜校友；昔日学生",
   "dilated pupils｜扩大的瞳孔"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语常指中小学生；大学生用 student。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pupil"
 },
 {
  "w": "lost",
  "uk": "/lɒst/",
  "us": "/lɔːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "迷路的；丢失的",
    "en": "Unable to find the way, or unable to be found."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "困惑的；不知所措的",
    "en": "Unable to understand something or decide what to do."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "丢失；失去；输掉",
    "en": "Past tense and past participle of lose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We got lost while walking through the old town.",
    "zh": "我们在老城区步行时迷路了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without clear guidance, new university students may feel lost when choosing courses that affect their future careers.",
    "zh": "缺少明确指导时，大学新生在选择影响未来职业的课程时可能会感到迷茫。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get lost｜迷路",
   "lost property｜失物",
   "feel lost｜感到迷茫",
   "lost in thought｜陷入沉思"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lose (v.)",
   "loss (n.)",
   "loser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "missing",
   "bewildered"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "found"
  ],
  "tip": "get lost可指迷路；单独用作命令语气粗鲁。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lost"
 },
 {
  "w": "thousand",
  "uk": "/ˈθaʊzənd/",
  "us": "/ˈθaʊzənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "一千",
    "en": "The number equal to ten hundreds."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "数千；大量",
    "en": "A very large quantity, expressed as thousands."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The repair cost nearly a thousand dollars in total.",
    "zh": "维修费总共将近一千美元。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Several thousand residents have benefited from the new cycle routes connecting suburban neighbourhoods with the city centre.",
    "zh": "连接郊区社区与市中心的新自行车道已让数千名居民受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a thousand people｜一千人",
   "two thousand years｜两千年",
   "thousands of｜数以千计的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thousandth (num.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "具体数词后不加s；泛指数千用thousands of。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thousand"
 },
 {
  "w": "God",
  "uk": "/ɡɒd/",
  "us": "/ɡɑːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "上帝；唯一的神",
    "en": "The supreme being worshipped in religions believing in one god."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother thanks God before each meal at home.",
    "zh": "我祖母在家每次用餐前都会感谢上帝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Belief in God can influence people's values, charitable activities, and responses to difficult circumstances.",
    "zh": "对上帝的信仰可能影响人们的价值观、慈善活动及应对困境的方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "believe in God｜信仰上帝",
   "pray to God｜向上帝祈祷",
   "faith in God｜对上帝的信仰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "godly (adj.)",
   "godless (adj.)",
   "godliness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指唯一的神用God，通常不加冠词；泛指神用god。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "god"
 },
 {
  "w": "part-time",
  "uk": "/ˌpɑːt ˈtaɪm/",
  "us": "/ˌpɑːrt ˈtaɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "兼职的；非全日制的",
    "en": "Involving fewer hours than a full working or studying week."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "兼职地；非全日制地",
    "en": "For fewer hours than a full working or studying week."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister has a part-time job at a bakery.",
    "zh": "我姐姐在一家面包店做兼职。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Part-time employment allows university students to gain practical experience while continuing to focus on their studies.",
    "zh": "兼职工作让大学生能够在继续专注学业的同时积累实践经验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a part-time job｜一份兼职工作",
   "work part-time｜做兼职",
   "a part-time course｜非全日制课程"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "full-time"
  ],
  "tip": "可作形容词或副词：a part-time job；work part-time。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "part-time"
 },
 {
  "w": "certainly",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːtənli/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːtənli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "无疑；肯定",
    "en": "Used to express that something is definitely true."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "当然可以",
    "en": "Used to agree politely to a request."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This warm coat will certainly keep you comfortable outside.",
    "zh": "这件暖和的大衣肯定能让你在外面也舒舒服服的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved public transport would certainly benefit commuters, although its success would depend on reliable services and affordable fares.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通无疑会惠及通勤者，但成效取决于服务是否可靠、票价是否合理。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "almost certainly｜几乎肯定",
   "certainly not｜当然不",
   "will certainly help｜肯定会有帮助"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "certain (adj.)",
   "certainty (n.)",
   "uncertain (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "definitely",
   "undoubtedly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常置于实义动词前、be后；也可单独礼貌回应请求。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "certainly"
 },
 {
  "w": "vocabulary",
  "uk": "/vəˈkæbjələri/",
  "us": "/voʊˈkæbjəleri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "词汇量；词汇",
    "en": "The words someone knows or uses in a language."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专业词汇",
    "en": "The words used in a particular subject or activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Reading short stories helps me build my English vocabulary.",
    "zh": "读短篇故事有助于我扩大英语词汇量。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students need a broad academic vocabulary to understand lectures and express complex ideas clearly in essays.",
    "zh": "学生需要掌握丰富的学术词汇，才能理解讲座并在论文中清晰表达复杂观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "expand your vocabulary｜扩大词汇量",
   "a limited vocabulary｜有限的词汇量",
   "academic vocabulary｜学术词汇",
   "technical vocabulary｜专业术语"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "lexicon"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单个词用word；vocabulary通常指词汇总量或集合。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vocabulary"
 },
 {
  "w": "cigarette",
  "uk": "/ˌsɪɡəˈret/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪɡəret/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "香烟；纸烟",
    "en": "A thin paper tube filled with tobacco for smoking."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He refused a cigarette and went for a walk instead.",
    "zh": "他拒绝了递来的香烟，转而出去散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Higher cigarette taxes may discourage smoking, but accessible support services are also essential for people trying to quit.",
    "zh": "提高香烟税可能有助于减少吸烟，但对尝试戒烟的人来说，便捷的支持服务也必不可少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cigarette smoke｜香烟烟雾",
   "a packet of cigarettes｜一包香烟",
   "cigarette taxes｜香烟税"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；一包香烟可说a packet of cigarettes。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cigarette"
 },
 {
  "w": "danger",
  "uk": "/ˈdeɪndʒə/",
  "us": "/ˈdeɪndʒər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "危险；风险",
    "en": "The possibility that someone or something will be harmed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "危险因素；威胁",
    "en": "Someone or something that may cause harm."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep away from the edge; there's a danger of falling.",
    "zh": "离边缘远一点，有掉下去的危险。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poorly maintained roads pose a serious danger to cyclists, particularly in areas without dedicated cycling lanes.",
    "zh": "维护不善的道路对骑车人构成严重威胁，尤其是在没有专用自行车道的地区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in danger｜处于危险中",
   "out of danger｜脱离危险",
   "pose a danger to｜对……构成威胁",
   "danger of extinction｜灭绝的危险"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dangerous (adj.)",
   "dangerously (adv.)",
   "endanger (v.)",
   "endangered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "peril",
   "risk",
   "threat"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "safety"
  ],
  "tip": "in danger指处于危险中；dangerous指会带来危险。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "danger"
 },
 {
  "w": "hardworking",
  "uk": "/ˌhɑːdˈwɜːkɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌhɑːrdˈwɜːrkɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "勤奋的；努力工作的",
    "en": "putting considerable effort and care into work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our hardworking neighbour grows vegetables for the whole street.",
    "zh": "我们勤劳的邻居种菜，供整条街的居民享用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even hardworking students may struggle academically without access to suitable learning resources and support.",
    "zh": "即使是勤奋的学生，如果缺乏合适的学习资源和支持，也可能在学业上遇到困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hardworking student｜勤奋的学生",
   "hardworking staff｜勤勉的员工",
   "hardworking family｜勤劳的家庭"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "diligent",
   "industrious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lazy"
  ],
  "tip": "是形容词；“努力工作”用动词短语work hard。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hardworking"
 },
 {
  "w": "indoor",
  "uk": "/ˈɪndɔː/",
  "us": "/ˈɪndɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "室内的",
    "en": "Located, used, or happening inside a building."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our hotel has an indoor pool beside the gym.",
    "zh": "我们酒店的健身房旁边有一个室内游泳池。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Indoor sports facilities allow children to remain physically active regardless of weather conditions throughout the year.",
    "zh": "室内运动设施让孩子们全年都能保持运动，不受天气条件影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "indoor swimming pool｜室内游泳池",
   "indoor activities｜室内活动",
   "indoor air quality｜室内空气质量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "indoors (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "outdoor"
  ],
  "tip": "indoor作定语；indoors作副词，如stay indoors。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indoor"
 },
 {
  "w": "electric",
  "uk": "/ɪˈlektrɪk/",
  "us": "/ɪˈlektrɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "电的；电动的",
    "en": "Using, producing, or relating to electricity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人激动的",
    "en": "Full of excitement and energy."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our electric kettle boils water in two minutes.",
    "zh": "我们的电水壶两分钟就能把水烧开。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Electric buses can reduce urban air pollution, especially when their power comes from renewable sources.",
    "zh": "电动公交车可以减少城市空气污染，尤其是在使用可再生能源供电时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "electric car｜电动汽车",
   "electric current｜电流",
   "electric shock｜电击",
   "electric atmosphere｜热烈的气氛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "electricity (n.)",
   "electrical (adj.)",
   "electrically (adv.)",
   "electrician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "电动设备多用electric；电气系统多用electrical。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "electric"
 },
 {
  "w": "director",
  "uk": "/dəˈrektə/",
  "us": "/dəˈrektər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "主管；负责人；董事",
    "en": "Someone who manages an organisation, department, or company."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "导演",
    "en": "Someone who guides actors and controls a film or play."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our director welcomed the new staff at breakfast.",
    "zh": "我们的主管在早餐时欢迎了新员工。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A museum director must balance the need to attract visitors with the responsibility to preserve valuable collections.",
    "zh": "博物馆馆长必须在吸引参观者的需求与保护珍贵藏品的责任之间取得平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "managing director｜总经理",
   "board of directors｜董事会",
   "film director｜电影导演",
   "director of operations｜运营总监"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "direct (v.)",
   "direction (n.)",
   "directorial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指机构主管或董事，也可指影视、戏剧导演。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "director"
 },
 {
  "w": "convenient",
  "uk": "/kənˈviːniənt/",
  "us": "/kənˈviːniənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "方便的；合适的",
    "en": "Easy to use or suitable for your needs and plans."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "附近的；便于到达的",
    "en": "Situated close to somewhere you need to reach."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Is Saturday morning a convenient time for your visit?",
    "zh": "你周六上午来方便吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online learning offers a convenient way for working adults to develop skills without travelling to a campus.",
    "zh": "在线学习为在职成年人提供了无需前往校园就能提升技能的便捷途径。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a convenient time｜合适的时间",
   "convenient for someone｜对某人方便",
   "a convenient location｜便利的位置",
   "a convenient way to｜做……的便捷方式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "convenience (n.)",
   "conveniently (adv.)",
   "inconvenient (adj.)",
   "inconvenience (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "handy",
   "suitable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inconvenient"
  ],
  "tip": "说 It is convenient for me，不说 I am convenient。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "convenient"
 },
 {
  "w": "downtown",
  "uk": "/ˌdaʊnˈtaʊn/",
  "us": "/ˌdaʊnˈtaʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在市中心；往市中心",
    "en": "in or towards the central business area of a city"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "市中心的",
    "en": "located in the central business area of a city"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "市中心；商业中心区",
    "en": "the central business area of a city"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took the bus downtown to buy new shoes.",
    "zh": "我们乘公交车去市中心买新鞋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved public transport can encourage more residents to shop downtown rather than drive to suburban shopping centres.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通可以鼓励更多居民到市中心购物，而不是开车前往郊区购物中心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go downtown｜去市中心",
   "downtown area｜市中心地带",
   "downtown shops｜市中心的商店"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要用于美式英语；作副词时前面不加to。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "downtown"
 },
 {
  "w": "war",
  "uk": "/wɔː/",
  "us": "/wɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "战争",
    "en": "armed fighting between countries or groups"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "斗争；对抗",
    "en": "a determined effort to defeat something harmful"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displays uniforms worn during the war.",
    "zh": "博物馆展出了战争期间穿过的军服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "War can disrupt children's education and force families to leave their homes in search of safety.",
    "zh": "战争可能打断儿童的学业，迫使家庭离开家园寻求安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "civil war｜内战",
   "at war｜处于交战状态",
   "declare war｜宣战",
   "war on poverty｜消除贫困的斗争"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "warfare (n.)",
   "wartime (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "armed conflict"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "peace"
  ],
  "tip": "表示处于交战状态用at war，不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "war"
 },
 {
  "w": "reader",
  "uk": "/ˈriːdə/",
  "us": "/ˈriːdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "读者；阅读者",
    "en": "A person who reads, especially books, newspapers, or magazines"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阅读器；读卡器",
    "en": "A device that displays written material or reads stored information"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分级读物；阅读课本",
    "en": "A book designed to help learners develop reading skills"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An eager reader, Lina always carries a book.",
    "zh": "莉娜热爱阅读，总是随身带着一本书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital libraries allow readers in remote communities to access educational resources without travelling to larger towns.",
    "zh": "数字图书馆让偏远社区的读者无需前往较大的城镇，就能获取教育资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an avid reader｜热衷阅读的人",
   "a card reader｜读卡器",
   "a graded reader｜分级读物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "read (v.)",
   "reading (n.)",
   "readable (adj.)",
   "readability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "reader既可指人，也可指设备或供学习的读物。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reader"
 },
 {
  "w": "education",
  "uk": "/ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "教育；受教育过程",
    "en": "The process of learning or teaching knowledge and skills."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her grandparents saved money to pay for her education.",
    "zh": "她的祖父母攒钱供她读书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to quality education can improve employment prospects and reduce inequality across different social groups.",
    "zh": "获得优质教育的机会能够改善就业前景，并缩小不同社会群体之间的不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "higher education｜高等教育",
   "compulsory education｜义务教育",
   "access to education｜受教育的机会",
   "education system｜教育体系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "educate (v.)",
   "educational (adj.)",
   "educator (n.)",
   "educated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "schooling"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；但可说a good education（良好教育）。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "education"
 },
 {
  "w": "career",
  "uk": "/kəˈrɪə/",
  "us": "/kəˈrɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "职业；职业生涯",
    "en": "a person's working life, often within a particular profession"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "飞驰；猛冲",
    "en": "to move very fast in a way that seems uncontrolled"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister hopes to build a career in nursing.",
    "zh": "我姐姐希望在护理行业发展事业。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to affordable training enables adults to change career and adapt to a rapidly evolving labour market.",
    "zh": "获得负担得起的培训，使成年人能够转行并适应快速变化的劳动力市场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "career prospects｜职业前景",
   "career development｜职业发展",
   "pursue a career｜从事某种职业",
   "a career in teaching｜教学生涯"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "careerist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "career侧重长期职业发展，job指具体工作。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "career"
 },
 {
  "w": "lonely",
  "uk": "/ˈləʊnli/",
  "us": "/ˈloʊnli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "孤独的；寂寞的",
    "en": "Unhappy because you lack companionship or close connections."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "偏僻的；荒凉的",
    "en": "Far from people or rarely visited."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt lonely until my neighbour invited me for tea.",
    "zh": "我一直觉得孤单，直到邻居邀请我去喝茶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Older adults may feel lonely after retirement, so community centres should provide regular opportunities for social interaction.",
    "zh": "老年人退休后可能感到孤独，因此社区中心应定期提供社交机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel lonely｜感到孤独",
   "a lonely life｜孤独的生活",
   "a lonely road｜偏僻的道路"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "loneliness (n.)",
   "lone (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lonesome",
   "isolated"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "alone强调独自一人；lonely强调内心孤独。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lonely"
 },
 {
  "w": "puppy",
  "uk": "/ˈpʌpi/",
  "us": "/ˈpʌpi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小狗；幼犬",
    "en": "A young dog."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puppy fell asleep inside my empty shoe.",
    "zh": "小狗钻进我的空鞋子里睡着了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Adopting a puppy requires a long-term commitment to training, exercise, and regular veterinary care.",
    "zh": "领养幼犬意味着要长期承担训练、运动和定期兽医护理的责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a litter of puppies｜一窝幼犬",
   "adopt a puppy｜领养幼犬",
   "puppy training｜幼犬训练"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "puppyhood (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pup"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为puppies；通常专指幼犬。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "puppy"
 },
 {
  "w": "style",
  "uk": "/staɪl/",
  "us": "/staɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "风格；方式",
    "en": "A distinctive way of doing something or expressing ideas."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "款式；时尚",
    "en": "The design of something or a fashionable appearance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "设计造型",
    "en": "To arrange or design something to achieve a particular look."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her colourful paintings have a cheerful, playful style.",
    "zh": "她色彩丰富的画作有一种欢快、俏皮的风格。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern architects often adapt traditional building styles to preserve local identity while meeting contemporary housing needs.",
    "zh": "现代建筑师常改良传统建筑风格，在满足当代住房需求的同时保留地方特色。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "writing style｜写作风格",
   "architectural style｜建筑风格",
   "in style｜流行的",
   "style your hair｜给头发做造型"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stylish (adj.)",
   "stylist (n.)",
   "stylistic (adj.)",
   "stylishly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "manner"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "style可指个人风格，不一定表示流行时尚。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "style"
 },
 {
  "w": "taste",
  "uk": "/teɪst/",
  "us": "/teɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "味道；味觉",
    "en": "A food's flavour, or the sense that detects it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "品尝；尝起来",
    "en": "To try food or drink, or have a particular flavour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "品味；喜好",
    "en": "Someone's preferences or ability to judge what is attractive."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup has a rich taste of roasted tomatoes.",
    "zh": "这汤有浓郁的烤番茄味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children may develop a taste for healthier foods when schools offer varied and appealing meals.",
    "zh": "学校提供多样且诱人的餐食，可能会让孩子逐渐喜欢上更健康的食物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "taste delicious｜尝起来很美味",
   "a bitter taste｜苦味",
   "a taste for｜对……的喜好",
   "good taste｜好品味"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tasty (adj.)",
   "tasteless (adj.)",
   "tasteful (adj.)",
   "taster (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "flavour"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "taste表示“尝起来”时接形容词，不接副词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "taste"
 },
 {
  "w": "jump",
  "uk": "/dʒʌmp/",
  "us": "/dʒʌmp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "跳；跳过",
    "en": "To push yourself off the ground into the air."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猛增；骤升",
    "en": "To increase suddenly by a large amount."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "跳跃；猛增",
    "en": "An act of jumping or a sudden large increase."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dog jumped over a puddle beside the gate.",
    "zh": "狗跳过了大门旁的一摊积水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Housing costs have jumped sharply in cities where demand continues to exceed the supply of affordable homes.",
    "zh": "在住房需求持续超过可负担住房供应的城市，住房成本已大幅上涨。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "jump over a fence｜跳过篱笆",
   "jump at the chance｜欣然抓住机会",
   "a sharp jump in prices｜价格的猛涨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jumpy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "leap"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "jump at the chance意为欣然抓住机会。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jump"
 },
 {
  "w": "record",
  "uk": "/ˈrekɔːd/",
  "us": "/ˈrekərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "记录；档案",
    "en": "Stored information about events, activities, or a person's history."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "记录；录音；录像",
    "en": "To store information, sounds, or images for future use."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "最高纪录",
    "en": "The best result ever achieved in a particular activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I keep a record of everything I spend.",
    "zh": "我把每一笔花费都记下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accurate medical records allow healthcare professionals to make informed decisions and avoid unnecessary treatments.",
    "zh": "准确的医疗记录让医护人员能够作出有依据的决定，避免不必要的治疗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep a record｜保留记录",
   "medical records｜医疗档案",
   "break a record｜打破纪录",
   "record a conversation｜录下谈话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recording (n.)",
   "recorder (n.)",
   "recorded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在首音节；动词重音在第二音节。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "record"
 },
 {
  "w": "assistant",
  "uk": "/əˈsɪstənt/",
  "us": "/əˈsɪstənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "助手；助理",
    "en": "A person who helps someone with their work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "助理的；副的",
    "en": "Having a supporting role below the main person in charge."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The assistant brought fresh towels into the treatment room.",
    "zh": "助手把干净的毛巾拿进了治疗室。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching assistants can provide additional support for children who need more individual attention in large classes.",
    "zh": "在大班教学中，助教可以为需要更多个别关注的孩子提供额外支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "teaching assistant｜助教",
   "personal assistant｜私人助理",
   "shop assistant｜店员",
   "assistant manager｜助理经理"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assist (v.)",
   "assistance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "helper",
   "aide"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "assistant指人，assistance指帮助，通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assistant"
 },
 {
  "w": "clearly",
  "uk": "/ˈklɪəli/",
  "us": "/ˈklɪrli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "清楚地；清晰地",
    "en": "In a way that is easy to see, hear, or understand."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "显然；明显地",
    "en": "In a way that shows something is obviously true."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please speak clearly so everyone can hear you.",
    "zh": "请说清楚些，让大家都能听清。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health information should clearly explain the benefits and potential risks of any recommended treatment.",
    "zh": "公共卫生信息应清楚说明任何推荐疗法的益处和潜在风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "speak clearly｜说话清楚",
   "clearly explain｜清楚解释",
   "clearly visible｜清晰可见"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clear (adj.)",
   "clarity (n.)",
   "clarify (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "plainly",
   "obviously"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unclearly"
  ],
  "tip": "句首Clearly常表示“显然”，而非“清晰地”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clearly"
 },
 {
  "w": "Swedish",
  "uk": "/ˈswiːdɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈswiːdɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "瑞典的；瑞典语的",
    "en": "relating to Sweden, its people, or its language"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瑞典语",
    "en": "the main language spoken in Sweden"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our Swedish neighbour taught us to bake cinnamon buns.",
    "zh": "我们的瑞典邻居教我们烤肉桂卷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Swedish cities offer useful examples of how urban planning can support cycling and reduce dependence on cars.",
    "zh": "瑞典城市提供了有益的实例，展示城市规划如何支持骑行并减少对汽车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Swedish culture｜瑞典文化",
   "learn Swedish｜学习瑞典语",
   "Swedish design｜瑞典设计"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Sweden (n.)",
   "Swede (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母大写；一位瑞典人用a Swede。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "swedish"
 },
 {
  "w": "curry",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌri/",
  "us": "/ˈkɜːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "咖喱菜肴",
    "en": "A dish of vegetables or meat cooked with spices."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用咖喱烹调",
    "en": "To cook food with curry spices."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This vegetable curry tastes wonderful with rice and warm bread.",
    "zh": "这道蔬菜咖喱配米饭和热面包非常好吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School cafeterias can offer vegetable curry as an affordable alternative to meals containing meat.",
    "zh": "学校食堂可以提供蔬菜咖喱，作为价格实惠的非肉类餐食选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chicken curry｜咖喱鸡",
   "vegetable curry｜蔬菜咖喱",
   "curry powder｜咖喱粉",
   "curry paste｜咖喱酱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "curry常指菜肴；咖喱粉用curry powder。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "curry"
 },
 {
  "w": "nurse",
  "uk": "/nɜːs/",
  "us": "/nɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "护士",
    "en": "A trained person who cares for ill or injured people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "护理；照料",
    "en": "To care for someone who is ill or injured."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse gently wrapped a bandage around my wrist.",
    "zh": "护士轻轻地用绷带包住我的手腕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employing more community nurses could improve access to healthcare for older people living in rural areas.",
    "zh": "增聘社区护士可以改善农村老年人获得医疗服务的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "registered nurse｜注册护士",
   "community nurse｜社区护士",
   "nurse someone back to health｜照料某人直至康复"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nursing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词可直接接人：nurse a patient。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nurse"
 },
 {
  "w": "fan",
  "uk": "/fæn/",
  "us": "/fæn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "迷；爱好者",
    "en": "someone who greatly enjoys or admires a person or thing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "风扇；扇子",
    "en": "a device or object moved to create a cooling airflow"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "扇风；煽动",
    "en": "to move air towards something, or make a feeling stronger"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "As a football fan, I rarely miss a match.",
    "zh": "作为一名足球迷，我几乎不错过任何一场比赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sports fans can strengthen local communities by supporting neighbourhood teams and participating in shared events.",
    "zh": "体育迷可以通过支持社区球队、参与共同活动来增强当地社区的凝聚力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fan of｜……的爱好者",
   "football fan｜足球迷",
   "electric fan｜电风扇",
   "fan the flames｜煽风点火"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "enthusiast",
   "admirer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“……的爱好者”用a fan of。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fan"
 },
 {
  "w": "vase",
  "uk": "/vɑːz/",
  "us": "/veɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "花瓶",
    "en": "a container used to hold flowers or for decoration"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I put fresh flowers in the vase by the window.",
    "zh": "我把鲜花插进窗边的花瓶里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional pottery, including decorative vases, can provide valuable insights into the artistic practices of past societies.",
    "zh": "包括装饰花瓶在内的传统陶器，可以为了解过去社会的艺术实践提供宝贵线索。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a vase of flowers｜一瓶花",
   "a glass vase｜玻璃花瓶",
   "a ceramic vase｜陶瓷花瓶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式通常读/vɑːz/；美式常读/veɪs/。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vase"
 },
 {
  "w": "saw",
  "uk": "/sɔː/",
  "us": "/sɔː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "锯；锯子",
    "en": "a tool with a toothed blade for cutting hard materials"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "锯；锯开",
    "en": "cut something using a saw"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "看见（see的过去式）",
    "en": "past tense of see: noticed or looked at something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He used a saw to cut the wooden shelf.",
    "zh": "他用锯子切割那块木制搁板。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The last decade saw significant improvements in public transport, particularly in rapidly growing urban areas.",
    "zh": "过去十年，公共交通取得了显著改善，尤其是在快速发展的城市地区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a hand saw｜手锯",
   "saw through wood｜锯穿木头",
   "saw something in half｜把某物锯成两半"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sawdust (n.)",
   "sawing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表“锯”的过去式为sawed；表“看见”则是see的过去式。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "saw"
 },
 {
  "w": "trainer",
  "uk": "/ˈtreɪnə/",
  "us": "/ˈtreɪnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "教练；培训师",
    "en": "someone who teaches people or animals particular skills"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运动鞋",
    "en": "a shoe designed for sport or casual wear"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My trainer showed me how to lift weights safely.",
    "zh": "我的教练教我如何安全地举重。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A qualified trainer can help employees develop practical skills that improve their performance at work.",
    "zh": "合格的培训师可以帮助员工培养实用技能，从而改善工作表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "personal trainer｜私人健身教练",
   "fitness trainer｜健身教练",
   "a pair of trainers｜一双运动鞋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "train (v.)",
   "training (n.)",
   "trainee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "coach",
   "instructor"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "运动鞋英式常用trainers，美式常用sneakers。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trainer"
 },
 {
  "w": "till",
  "uk": "/tɪl/",
  "us": "/tɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "直到……为止",
    "en": "up to a particular time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "直到……才；直到",
    "en": "up to the time when something happens"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "收银机；现金抽屉",
    "en": "a machine or drawer where a shop keeps cash"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The little bakery stays open till six every evening.",
    "zh": "这家小面包店每天晚上营业到六点。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some parents work till late evening, making affordable childcare essential for families in urban areas.",
    "zh": "有些家长工作到深夜，因此价格可负担的托育服务对城市家庭至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "till late｜直到很晚",
   "wait till｜等到",
   "at the till｜在收银台"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "until"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "till与until意思相同；作连词谈将来时通常接一般现在时。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "till"
 },
 {
  "w": "divorced",
  "uk": "/dɪˈvɔːst/",
  "us": "/dɪˈvɔːrst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "已离婚的",
    "en": "No longer married because the marriage legally ended."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "脱离的；分离的",
    "en": "Separated from something that should be closely connected."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My divorced uncle lives happily near his children.",
    "zh": "我离婚的叔叔住在孩子们附近，生活很幸福。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Housing policies should consider the needs of divorced parents who share responsibility for raising children.",
    "zh": "住房政策应考虑共同承担育儿责任的离异父母的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get divorced｜离婚",
   "divorced parents｜离异父母",
   "divorced from reality｜脱离现实"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "divorce (n.)",
   "divorce (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "married"
  ],
  "tip": "get divorced表示离婚；脱离某事用divorced from。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "divorced"
 },
 {
  "w": "meaning",
  "uk": "/ˈmiːnɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈmiːnɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意思；含义",
    "en": "The idea that a word, action, or message communicates."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意义；价值",
    "en": "The importance or purpose that makes something worthwhile."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you explain the meaning of this unusual word?",
    "zh": "你能解释一下这个不常见的词是什么意思吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Volunteering can give people a sense of meaning while strengthening connections within their local communities.",
    "zh": "志愿服务既能让人感到生活有意义，也能加强当地社区内部的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the meaning of a word｜词义",
   "literal meaning｜字面意思",
   "convey meaning｜传达含义",
   "give meaning to life｜赋予生活意义"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mean (v.)",
   "meaningful (adj.)",
   "meaningless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sense",
   "significance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "问词义用the meaning of；不要与opinion混淆。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meaning"
 },
 {
  "w": "spaghetti",
  "uk": "/spəˈɡeti/",
  "us": "/spəˈɡeti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意大利细长面条",
    "en": "Pasta shaped into long, thin strands."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She twirled the spaghetti around her fork before taking a bite.",
    "zh": "她先用叉子卷起意大利细面，再吃了一口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Simple meals such as spaghetti with vegetables can help students eat affordably while maintaining a balanced diet.",
    "zh": "蔬菜意大利面等简单餐食，可以帮助学生在节省开支的同时保持均衡饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a plate of spaghetti｜一盘意大利细面",
   "spaghetti sauce｜意大利面酱",
   "cook spaghetti｜煮意大利细面"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；一盘用a plate of spaghetti。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spaghetti"
 },
 {
  "w": "garlic",
  "uk": "/ˈɡɑːlɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈɡɑːrlɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大蒜",
    "en": "A plant whose strong-smelling bulbs are used to flavour food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Crush the garlic before adding it to the soup.",
    "zh": "先把大蒜压碎，再放进汤里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using garlic and herbs can add flavour to meals without increasing their salt content.",
    "zh": "使用大蒜和香草可以给饭菜增添风味，而不增加盐含量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a clove of garlic｜一瓣大蒜",
   "crushed garlic｜压碎的大蒜",
   "garlic bread｜蒜香面包"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；一瓣大蒜用a clove of garlic。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "garlic"
 },
 {
  "w": "control",
  "uk": "/kənˈtrəʊl/",
  "us": "/kənˈtroʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "控制；管理",
    "en": "The power to direct or limit someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "控制；管理；抑制",
    "en": "To direct, manage, or limit someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "操纵装置",
    "en": "A device used to operate a machine or vehicle."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep control of the kite by holding the string firmly.",
    "zh": "抓紧风筝线，控制好风筝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stricter control of industrial emissions could improve air quality and reduce health risks in densely populated cities.",
    "zh": "更严格地控制工业排放可以改善空气质量，并降低人口密集城市的健康风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take control of｜掌控",
   "under control｜处于控制之下",
   "lose control｜失去控制",
   "control pollution｜控制污染"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "controlled (adj.)",
   "uncontrolled (adj.)",
   "controller (n.)",
   "controllable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式controlled、现在分词controlling均双写l。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "control"
 },
 {
  "w": "Olympics",
  "uk": "/əˈlɪmpɪks/",
  "us": "/əˈlɪmpɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奥林匹克运动会",
    "en": "An international sporting competition with summer and winter editions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our family watched the Olympics together after dinner.",
    "zh": "我们全家晚饭后一起观看了奥运会。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hosting the Olympics can improve transport infrastructure, but governments must consider the long-term costs of maintaining sports facilities.",
    "zh": "举办奥运会可以改善交通基础设施，但政府必须考虑维护体育设施的长期成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "host the Olympics｜举办奥运会",
   "compete in the Olympics｜参加奥运会",
   "the Summer Olympics｜夏季奥运会",
   "the Winter Olympics｜冬季奥运会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Olympic (adj.)",
   "Olympian (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "Olympic Games"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母大写，通常与the连用；也称the Olympic Games。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "olympics"
 },
 {
  "w": "supper",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌpə/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "晚饭；睡前便餐",
    "en": "An evening meal, sometimes a light meal before bed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had soup and fresh bread for supper.",
    "zh": "我们晚饭喝了汤，吃了新鲜面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sharing supper regularly can help families maintain close relationships despite increasingly demanding work schedules.",
    "zh": "尽管工作安排日益繁忙，经常共进晚餐仍有助于家人维持亲密关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have supper｜吃晚饭",
   "a light supper｜清淡的晚餐",
   "after supper｜晚饭后"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "evening meal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指较随意的晚饭，也可指睡前便餐。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "supper"
 },
 {
  "w": "serious",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪəriəs/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪriəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严重的；重大的",
    "en": "causing harm or requiring careful attention"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "认真的；严肃的",
    "en": "not joking, or thinking carefully about something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The leaking pipe caused serious damage to our kitchen.",
    "zh": "漏水的管道给我们的厨房造成了严重损坏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Air pollution remains a serious threat to public health, especially in densely populated cities.",
    "zh": "空气污染仍然严重威胁着公众健康，在人口稠密的城市尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "serious damage｜严重损坏",
   "serious consequences｜严重后果",
   "serious about｜认真对待",
   "take something seriously｜认真对待某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "seriously (adv.)",
   "seriousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "severe",
   "grave"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "minor",
   "light-hearted"
  ],
  "tip": "serious about 后接名词或动名词，表示认真对待。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "serious"
 },
 {
  "w": "comfortable",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌmftəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌmftɚbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "舒适的；舒服的",
    "en": "physically pleasant and free from discomfort"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自在的；安心的",
    "en": "feeling relaxed and confident in a situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "生活宽裕的",
    "en": "having enough money to live well without financial worry"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This soft chair is comfortable enough for an afternoon nap.",
    "zh": "这把柔软的椅子很舒服，足以让人午睡一会儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Comfortable classrooms with adequate lighting can help students concentrate and participate more actively in lessons.",
    "zh": "舒适且照明充足的教室有助于学生集中注意力，更积极地参与课堂活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "comfortable shoes｜舒适的鞋",
   "feel comfortable｜感到自在",
   "comfortable with something｜对某事感到自在",
   "a comfortable income｜宽裕的收入"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "comfort (n.)",
   "comfortably (adv.)",
   "uncomfortable (adj.)",
   "discomfort (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "comfy",
   "relaxed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uncomfortable"
  ],
  "tip": "comfortable指舒服；convenient指方便。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "comfortable"
 },
 {
  "w": "active",
  "uk": "/ˈæk.tɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈæk.tɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "活跃的；积极参与的",
    "en": "regularly moving, doing things, or taking part"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "运作中的；起作用的",
    "en": "currently working or producing an effect"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "主动语态的",
    "en": "describing a verb whose subject performs the action"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather stays active by swimming every morning.",
    "zh": "我祖父每天早晨游泳，保持活力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should encourage an active lifestyle to improve students' physical health and overall wellbeing.",
    "zh": "学校应鼓励积极运动的生活方式，以改善学生的身体健康和整体身心状态。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stay active｜保持活力",
   "an active lifestyle｜积极运动的生活方式",
   "play an active role｜发挥积极作用",
   "active ingredient｜有效成分"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "activity (n.)",
   "actively (adv.)",
   "inactive (adj.)",
   "activate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "energetic",
   "lively"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inactive",
   "passive"
  ],
  "tip": "active指积极活动或参与；不等于表示乐观的positive。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "active"
 },
 {
  "w": "climbing",
  "uk": "/ˈklaɪmɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈklaɪmɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "攀岩；登山运动",
    "en": "The sport of going up rocks, mountains, or artificial walls."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "攀缘的",
    "en": "Growing upwards by attaching to or winding around supports."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I tried indoor climbing with my sister yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我和姐姐尝试了室内攀岩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can use supervised climbing activities to develop students' confidence, physical coordination, and ability to assess risks.",
    "zh": "学校可以通过有人指导的攀岩活动，培养学生的自信、身体协调性和风险评估能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rock climbing｜攀岩",
   "indoor climbing｜室内攀岩",
   "climbing equipment｜攀登装备",
   "climbing plants｜攀缘植物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "climb (v.)",
   "climb (n.)",
   "climber (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "climb中的b不发音；climbing plants指攀缘植物。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "climbing"
 },
 {
  "w": "tour",
  "uk": "/tʊə/",
  "us": "/tʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "游览；参观；巡游",
    "en": "A journey visiting several places, or a guided visit somewhere."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "巡回演出；巡回比赛",
    "en": "A series of performances or matches held in different places."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "游览；巡回演出",
    "en": "To travel around places for sightseeing, performances, or other activities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took a guided tour of the old castle.",
    "zh": "我们在导游带领下参观了那座古堡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Organized tours can introduce visitors to local traditions while providing reliable income for community guides.",
    "zh": "有组织的游览既能让游客了解当地传统，也能为社区导游提供稳定收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "guided tour｜有导游带领的游览",
   "walking tour｜徒步游览",
   "concert tour｜巡回演唱会",
   "go on tour｜进行巡回活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tourism (n.)",
   "tourist (n.)",
   "touring (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tour强调参观或多站行程；trip泛指一次出行。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tour"
 },
 {
  "w": "apartment",
  "uk": "/əˈpɑːtmənt/",
  "us": "/əˈpɑːrtmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公寓；套房",
    "en": "A set of rooms forming one home within a building."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our apartment has a small balcony overlooking the park.",
    "zh": "我们的公寓有一个面向公园的小阳台。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building affordable apartments near railway stations can reduce commuting costs for young workers.",
    "zh": "在火车站附近建设价格可负担的公寓，可以降低年轻上班族的通勤成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rent an apartment｜租公寓",
   "apartment block｜公寓楼",
   "studio apartment｜单间公寓"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "flat"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常用apartment，英式日常多用flat。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "apartment"
 },
 {
  "w": "among",
  "uk": "/əˈmʌŋ/",
  "us": "/əˈmʌŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……中间",
    "en": "surrounded by people or things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在某群体之中",
    "en": "within or shared by a group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a small wooden house among the trees.",
    "zh": "我们在树林中发现了一座小木屋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular exercise is increasingly popular among office workers who spend most of their day sitting.",
    "zh": "经常锻炼在一天大部分时间坐着的上班族中越来越受欢迎。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "among friends｜在朋友之间",
   "among other things｜除了别的以外还",
   "divide among｜在……之间分配"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "among强调群体内部；between也可用于多者的明确关系。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "among"
 },
 {
  "w": "toast",
  "uk": "/təʊst/",
  "us": "/toʊst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烤面包片",
    "en": "Sliced bread browned and made crisp by heat."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "烘烤；烤至焦黄",
    "en": "To heat food until it becomes brown and crisp."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "祝酒；敬酒",
    "en": "An occasion when people raise drinks to honour someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I spread butter on my toast while it was warm.",
    "zh": "我趁烤面包片还热着，在上面抹了黄油。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A simple breakfast of toast and fruit can help students maintain their energy during morning lessons.",
    "zh": "一顿由烤面包片和水果组成的简单早餐，有助于学生在上午上课时保持精力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a slice of toast｜一片烤面包",
   "toast bread｜烤面包",
   "propose a toast｜提议干杯",
   "a toast to someone｜为某人祝酒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "toaster (n.)",
   "toasted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示烤面包时不可数；表示一次祝酒时可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "toast"
 },
 {
  "w": "couch",
  "uk": "/kaʊtʃ/",
  "us": "/kaʊtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "长沙发",
    "en": "A comfortable seat for two or more people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "措辞；表述",
    "en": "To express something in a particular way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We curled up on the couch after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，我们蜷坐在沙发上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health advice should be couched in clear language so that everyone can understand it.",
    "zh": "公共卫生建议应以清晰的语言表述，让每个人都能理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on the couch｜在沙发上",
   "a leather couch｜皮沙发",
   "couched in diplomatic terms｜以委婉措辞表达"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "sofa"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用be couched in，指以某种措辞表达。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "couch"
 },
 {
  "w": "field",
  "uk": "/fiːld/",
  "us": "/fiːld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "田地；牧场",
    "en": "an area of land used for crops or farm animals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领域；专业",
    "en": "a particular area of study or work"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运动场",
    "en": "an area of ground used for playing a sport"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched sheep grazing in the field behind our cottage.",
    "zh": "我们看着羊群在小屋后面的牧场上吃草。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Research in the field of renewable energy could create employment opportunities and reduce dependence on fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "可再生能源领域的研究可以创造就业机会，并减少对化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wheat field｜麦田",
   "in the field of｜在……领域",
   "a football field｜足球场",
   "field research｜实地研究"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示研究或工作领域时，常用in the field of。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "field"
 },
 {
  "w": "online",
  "uk": "/ˌɒnˈlaɪn/",
  "us": "/ˌɑːnˈlaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "网上的；联网的",
    "en": "Available through the internet or connected to a computer network."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在网上；联网地",
    "en": "Using the internet or while connected to a computer network."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I booked our train tickets online after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，我在网上订了我们的火车票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online courses can widen access to education, especially for learners who live far from universities.",
    "zh": "网络课程可以扩大受教育的机会，尤其有利于远离大学的学习者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "online shopping｜网上购物",
   "online learning｜在线学习",
   "go online｜上网",
   "available online｜可在网上获取的"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "offline"
  ],
  "tip": "既可作形容词，也可作副词：shop online。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "online"
 },
 {
  "w": "armchair",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːmtʃeə(r)/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːrmtʃer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "扶手椅",
    "en": "A comfortable chair with supports for your arms."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无实践经验的；空谈的",
    "en": "Giving opinions without direct experience or active involvement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Grandpa fell asleep in his armchair beside the window.",
    "zh": "爷爷在窗边的扶手椅上睡着了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Armchair critics may underestimate the practical challenges that teachers face when managing large classes with limited resources.",
    "zh": "缺乏实践经验的评论者可能低估教师在资源有限时管理大班所面临的实际困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "comfortable armchair｜舒适的扶手椅",
   "sit in an armchair｜坐在扶手椅里",
   "armchair critic｜空谈的评论者"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "坐在扶手椅里用in；作形容词时置于名词前，常含贬义。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "armchair"
 },
 {
  "w": "musician",
  "uk": "/mjuˈzɪʃən/",
  "us": "/mjuˈzɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "音乐家；乐手",
    "en": "someone who plays music, especially professionally"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A musician played the violin outside the station.",
    "zh": "一位乐手在车站外拉小提琴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local musicians can strengthen community identity by performing traditional songs at public festivals and cultural events.",
    "zh": "当地音乐人可以在公共节庆和文化活动中演奏传统歌曲，增强社区认同感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "professional musician｜职业音乐人",
   "talented musician｜有才华的音乐家",
   "street musician｜街头乐手"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "music (n.)",
   "musical (adj.)",
   "musically (adv.)",
   "musicianship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "musician指音乐人；作曲家更具体地用composer。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "musician"
 },
 {
  "w": "since",
  "uk": "/sɪns/",
  "us": "/sɪns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "自……以来",
    "en": "from a past time until a later time, usually now"
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "自……以来；因为",
    "en": "from when something happened; because something is true"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "此后；从那时起",
    "en": "at a time or throughout the period after that"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I have lived in this neighbourhood since childhood.",
    "zh": "我从小就住在这个街区。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Since public transport reduces traffic congestion, governments should invest in more reliable bus services.",
    "zh": "由于公共交通能够缓解交通拥堵，政府应投资建设更可靠的公交服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ever since｜从那以后一直",
   "since then｜从那时起",
   "since childhood｜自幼",
   "long since｜早已"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表时间时，since接起点，for接时长。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "since"
 },
 {
  "w": "church",
  "uk": "/tʃɜːtʃ/",
  "us": "/tʃɝːtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "教堂",
    "en": "a building where Christians gather to worship"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "礼拜活动",
    "en": "Christian religious worship attended as a service"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "基督教教会；教派",
    "en": "an organized group of Christians sharing beliefs and practices"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old church has beautiful windows and a stone tower.",
    "zh": "这座古老的教堂有漂亮的窗户和一座石塔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving a historic church can protect local heritage while providing opportunities for education and tourism.",
    "zh": "保护历史悠久的教堂既能保护当地文化遗产，也能为教育和旅游创造机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go to church｜去做礼拜",
   "attend church｜参加礼拜",
   "church service｜礼拜仪式",
   "historic church｜历史悠久的教堂"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "go to church指做礼拜；go to the church指去教堂。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "church"
 },
 {
  "w": "firefighter",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪəfaɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪərfaɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "消防员",
    "en": "A person trained to put out fires and rescue people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The firefighter showed us how to use the hose.",
    "zh": "那位消防员向我们演示了如何使用消防水带。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every firefighter requires regular training to respond safely and effectively to emergencies in increasingly complex urban environments.",
    "zh": "每位消防员都需要定期接受培训，以便在日益复杂的城市环境中安全、有效地应对紧急情况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a trained firefighter｜训练有素的消防员",
   "a volunteer firefighter｜志愿消防员",
   "firefighter training｜消防员培训"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "firefighting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "firefighter不区分性别，比fireman更通用。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "firefighter"
 },
 {
  "w": "palace",
  "uk": "/ˈpæləs/",
  "us": "/ˈpæləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "王宫；高级官邸",
    "en": "A grand official home for a royal or important leader."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked through the palace gardens before lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭前，我们在王宫花园里散了步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Opening a historic palace to visitors can generate income for conservation and support local tourism.",
    "zh": "向游客开放历史悠久的宫殿，可以筹集保护资金并支持当地旅游业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "royal palace｜王宫",
   "presidential palace｜总统府",
   "palace grounds｜宫殿庭园"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "palatial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要用作名词；palace gardens中作名词定语。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "palace"
 },
 {
  "w": "bridge",
  "uk": "/brɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/brɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "桥；桥梁",
    "en": "A structure carrying people or vehicles over an obstacle."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弥合；连接",
    "en": "To connect separated things or reduce differences between them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "桥牌",
    "en": "A card game played by four people in two partnerships."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We crossed the wooden bridge and entered the village.",
    "zh": "我们走过木桥，进了村子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community language programmes can bridge cultural differences and help newcomers participate more fully in local life.",
    "zh": "社区语言项目可以弥合文化差异，帮助新来者更充分地参与当地生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cross a bridge｜过桥",
   "suspension bridge｜悬索桥",
   "bridge the gap｜缩小差距",
   "play bridge｜打桥牌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bridging (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bridge the gap常指缩小群体或事物间的差距。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bridge"
 },
 {
  "w": "eating",
  "uk": "/ˈiːtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈiːtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "进食；饮食",
    "en": "the activity of taking food into your body"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吃（eat的现在分词）",
    "en": "taking food into your mouth and swallowing it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Healthy eating starts with small changes to your meals.",
    "zh": "健康饮食始于对日常餐食的小调整。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage healthy eating by providing balanced lunches and teaching children how to prepare simple meals.",
    "zh": "学校可以通过提供营养均衡的午餐并教孩子制作简单餐食来鼓励健康饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "healthy eating｜健康饮食",
   "eating habits｜饮食习惯",
   "eating out｜外出就餐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eat (v.)",
   "eater (n.)",
   "edible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "eating可作动名词；eat out表示外出就餐。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eating"
 },
 {
  "w": "tip",
  "uk": "/tɪp/",
  "us": "/tɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实用建议；窍门",
    "en": "a useful piece of advice"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尖端；末端",
    "en": "the narrow or pointed end of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小费",
    "en": "extra money given to someone for providing a service"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My neighbour shared a useful tip for growing tomatoes.",
    "zh": "邻居分享了一个种番茄的实用窍门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can offer practical tips on managing money to help young people develop responsible spending habits.",
    "zh": "学校可以提供实用的理财建议，帮助年轻人养成负责任的消费习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a useful tip｜实用建议",
   "the tip of the tongue｜舌尖",
   "leave a tip｜留下小费"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tip作“建议”可数，advice不可数：a tip。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tip"
 },
 {
  "w": "technology",
  "uk": "/tekˈnɒlədʒi/",
  "us": "/tekˈnɑːlədʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "技术；科技",
    "en": "Practical use of scientific knowledge, especially through tools and machines."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "New technology lets us control the lights from our phones.",
    "zh": "新技术让我们可以用手机控制灯光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in clean technology can reduce industrial pollution while creating skilled jobs in emerging sectors.",
    "zh": "投资清洁技术可以减少工业污染，同时在新兴领域创造技术岗位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "digital technology｜数字技术",
   "advanced technology｜先进技术",
   "information technology｜信息技术",
   "develop new technologies｜开发新技术"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "technological (adj.)",
   "technologically (adv.)",
   "technologist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指科技时不可数；多种具体技术可用technologies。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "technology"
 },
 {
  "w": "path",
  "uk": "/pɑːθ/",
  "us": "/pæθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小路；小径",
    "en": "A narrow track for people to walk along."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "路线；轨迹",
    "en": "The route along which someone or something moves."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "途径；发展道路",
    "en": "A way of achieving something or developing over time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We followed a narrow path down to the beach.",
    "zh": "我们沿着一条狭窄的小路走向海滩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to affordable education can provide a path out of poverty for disadvantaged communities.",
    "zh": "获得负担得起的教育可以为弱势社区提供一条摆脱贫困的道路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "follow a path｜沿小路走",
   "career path｜职业发展道路",
   "flight path｜飞行路线",
   "a path to success｜通往成功的道路"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示实现目标的途径，用a path to，to后接名词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "path"
 },
 {
  "w": "system",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪstəm/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪstəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "系统",
    "en": "A set of connected parts that work together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "制度；体制",
    "en": "An organised structure through which services or institutions operate."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方法；成套程序",
    "en": "An organised way of doing something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The heating system stopped working during a cold night.",
    "zh": "在一个寒冷的夜晚，供暖系统停止了运行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An effective education system should support students with different abilities and prepare them for future employment.",
    "zh": "有效的教育体系应支持能力各异的学生，并帮助他们为未来就业做好准备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heating system｜供暖系统",
   "education system｜教育体系",
   "public transport system｜公共交通系统",
   "immune system｜免疫系统"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "systematic (adj.)",
   "systematically (adv.)",
   "systemic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "systematic指有条理的，systemic指全系统的。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "system"
 },
 {
  "w": "northeast",
  "uk": "/ˌnɔːθˈiːst/",
  "us": "/ˌnɔːrθˈiːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "东北；东北部",
    "en": "The direction between north and east, or an area's northeastern part."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "东北的；来自东北的",
    "en": "Located in, facing, or coming from the northeast."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向东北；在东北",
    "en": "Towards or in the direction between north and east."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The storm is moving northeast towards the coastal villages.",
    "zh": "暴风雨正向东北方向的沿海村庄移动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in rail connections could improve access to employment for communities in the northeast of the country.",
    "zh": "投资铁路交通可以为该国东北部的社区居民提供更多就业便利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the northeast｜在东北部",
   "head northeast｜向东北行进",
   "the northeast coast｜东北海岸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "northeastern (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "southwest"
  ],
  "tip": "northeast of表示在……东北方；英式也写north-east。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "northeast"
 },
 {
  "w": "centimetre",
  "uk": "/ˈsentɪmiːtə/",
  "us": "/ˈsentəmiːtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "厘米；公分",
    "en": "A unit of length equal to one hundredth of a metre."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This little plant grew one centimetre in a week.",
    "zh": "这株小植物一周长高了一厘米。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even a small rise in sea level, measured in centimetres, can increase flooding risks in coastal communities.",
    "zh": "即使海平面仅上升几厘米，也可能增加沿海社区的洪水风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a centimetre long｜一厘米长",
   "square centimetre｜平方厘米",
   "cubic centimetre｜立方厘米"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写centimetre，美式centimeter；缩写cm。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "centimetre"
 },
 {
  "w": "biology",
  "uk": "/baɪˈɒlədʒi/",
  "us": "/baɪˈɑːlədʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生物学",
    "en": "the scientific study of living things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生物特征；生理机制",
    "en": "the natural processes and characteristics of a living thing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We examined onion cells under microscopes in biology today.",
    "zh": "今天的生物课上，我们用显微镜观察了洋葱细胞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A basic understanding of biology helps people evaluate health information and make informed decisions about their lifestyles.",
    "zh": "掌握基础生物学知识有助于人们评估健康信息，并对生活方式作出明智决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study biology｜学习生物学",
   "marine biology｜海洋生物学",
   "human biology｜人体生物学",
   "molecular biology｜分子生物学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "biological (adj.)",
   "biologically (adv.)",
   "biologist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "学科名称，通常不可数；生物学家是biologist。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "biology"
 },
 {
  "w": "painter",
  "uk": "/ˈpeɪntə/",
  "us": "/ˈpeɪntər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "画家",
    "en": "Someone who creates pictures using paint."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "油漆工",
    "en": "Someone whose job is painting buildings or other surfaces."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The painter mixed blue and green on her palette.",
    "zh": "画家在调色板上混合蓝色和绿色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local painters can preserve cultural traditions while introducing younger audiences to new artistic styles.",
    "zh": "当地画家既能传承文化传统，也能让年轻观众接触新的艺术风格。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a landscape painter｜风景画家",
   "a portrait painter｜肖像画家",
   "a house painter｜房屋油漆工"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "paint (v.)",
   "paint (n.)",
   "painting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指艺术画家，也可指刷墙的油漆工。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "painter"
 },
 {
  "w": "balloon",
  "uk": "/bəˈluːn/",
  "us": "/bəˈluːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "气球",
    "en": "A thin rubber bag filled with air or gas."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "热气球",
    "en": "A large gas-filled bag carrying people in a basket."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A yellow balloon floated above the birthday cake.",
    "zh": "一只黄色气球飘在生日蛋糕上方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Releasing balloons outdoors can harm wildlife when the rubber fragments fall into rivers and oceans.",
    "zh": "在户外放飞气球可能危害野生动物，因为橡胶碎片会落入河流和海洋。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blow up a balloon｜吹气球",
   "hot-air balloon｜热气球",
   "release balloons｜放飞气球"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ballooning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "blow up a balloon指吹气球，不是炸毁气球。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "balloon"
 },
 {
  "w": "successful",
  "uk": "/səkˈsesfəl/",
  "us": "/səkˈsesfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "成功的；有成效的",
    "en": "Achieving the result that was wanted or intended."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "事业有成的",
    "en": "Having achieved wealth, respect, or a good position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our first attempt at baking bread was surprisingly successful.",
    "zh": "我们第一次尝试烤面包，出乎意料地成功了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Successful recycling programmes depend on convenient collection facilities and clear guidance for households and businesses.",
    "zh": "成功的回收计划依赖便利的收集设施，以及面向家庭和企业的明确指引。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "successful career｜成功的职业生涯",
   "successful outcome｜圆满的结果",
   "highly successful｜非常成功",
   "successful in doing something｜成功做成某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "success (n.)",
   "succeed (v.)",
   "successfully (adv.)",
   "unsuccessful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "effective"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unsuccessful"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be successful in doing；动词为succeed。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "successful"
 },
 {
  "w": "subject",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "话题；主题；学科",
    "en": "Something discussed, studied, or taught."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "受……影响的；取决于",
    "en": "Affected by something or dependent on a condition."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使遭受；使经历",
    "en": "To make someone experience something, especially something unpleasant."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Science was my favourite subject when I was younger.",
    "zh": "我小时候最喜欢的学科是科学。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should give creative subjects sufficient attention because they help students develop imagination and problem-solving skills.",
    "zh": "学校应给予创意类学科充分重视，因为这些学科有助于培养学生的想象力和解决问题的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "school subject｜学校科目",
   "change the subject｜转移话题",
   "subject to approval｜须经批准",
   "subject someone to stress｜使某人承受压力"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "topic",
   "theme"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词重音在后：/səbˈdʒekt/；常用subject A to B。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "subject"
 },
 {
  "w": "crazy",
  "uk": "/ˈkreɪzi/",
  "us": "/ˈkreɪzi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "荒唐的；不理智的",
    "en": "very unreasonable, foolish, or strange"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "着迷的；狂热喜爱的",
    "en": "extremely enthusiastic about someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人烦躁的；受不了的",
    "en": "extremely annoyed or upset"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It seems crazy to wear sandals in this snow.",
    "zh": "下着这样的雪还穿凉鞋，实在很不明智。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although some people consider car-free cities a crazy idea, such policies could significantly improve urban air quality.",
    "zh": "尽管一些人认为无车城市是个荒唐的想法，这类政策却可能显著改善城市空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "crazy about｜对……着迷",
   "drive someone crazy｜让某人抓狂",
   "a crazy idea｜荒唐的想法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crazily (adv.)",
   "craziness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "absurd",
   "ridiculous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sensible"
  ],
  "tip": "偏口语；crazy about表示着迷，不宜用来称呼精神疾病患者。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crazy"
 },
 {
  "w": "couple",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "夫妇；情侣",
    "en": "Two people who are married or in a romantic relationship."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "两个；几个",
    "en": "Two things or people, or a small number of them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "连接；结合",
    "en": "To join two things or consider them together."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The couple next door invited us over for dinner.",
    "zh": "隔壁那对夫妇邀请我们去吃晚饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High housing costs, coupled with limited childcare, can discourage young couples from starting a family.",
    "zh": "高昂的住房成本加上有限的托育服务，可能使年轻夫妇不愿生育孩子。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a married couple｜一对已婚夫妇",
   "a couple of days｜两三天",
   "coupled with｜加上；结合"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coupling (n.)",
   "uncouple (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a couple of后接复数名词，可指两个或少数几个。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "couple"
 },
 {
  "w": "scared",
  "uk": "/skeəd/",
  "us": "/skerd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "害怕的；恐惧的",
    "en": "Feeling afraid of something or worried that something bad might happen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puppy looked scared when it heard the thunder.",
    "zh": "小狗听到雷声时显得很害怕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who are scared of making mistakes may avoid speaking during foreign language lessons.",
    "zh": "害怕犯错的学生可能会在外语课上避免开口。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scared of｜害怕……",
   "scared to ask｜不敢问",
   "scared stiff｜吓得僵住"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scare (v.)",
   "scary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "afraid",
   "frightened"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unafraid"
  ],
  "tip": "scared形容感到害怕；scary形容令人害怕。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scared"
 },
 {
  "w": "lower",
  "uk": "/ˈləʊə/",
  "us": "/ˈloʊər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "较低的；较下方的",
    "en": "below something else in position, level, or amount"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "降低；放下",
    "en": "to move something down or reduce its level"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep the heavy bowls on the lower shelf.",
    "zh": "把重碗放在下面那层架子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments can lower transport costs by investing in reliable bus services and safe cycling routes.",
    "zh": "政府可以通过投资可靠的公交服务和安全的自行车道来降低交通成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lower income｜较低收入",
   "lower prices｜降低价格",
   "lower your voice｜压低声音",
   "lower back｜下背部"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "low (adj.)",
   "lowly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "higher",
   "raise"
  ],
  "tip": "lower作动词通常接宾语；表示物价下降也可不及物。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lower"
 },
 {
  "w": "coin",
  "uk": "/kɔɪn/",
  "us": "/kɔɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "硬币",
    "en": "a small, flat piece of metal used as money"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "创造（新词或说法）",
    "en": "to invent a new word or expression"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A silver coin rolled under the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "一枚银色硬币滚到了厨房桌子下面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As digital payments become more widespread, fewer consumers carry coins for everyday purchases such as bus fares.",
    "zh": "随着数字支付日益普及，随身携带硬币用于公交车费等日常支出的人越来越少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a gold coin｜金币",
   "toss a coin｜抛硬币",
   "coin a term｜创造术语"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coinage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "coin作动词常指创造词语，如coin a term。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coin"
 },
 {
  "w": "skill",
  "uk": "/skɪl/",
  "us": "/skɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "技能；技巧；本领",
    "en": "an ability to do something well, developed through practice"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Baking good bread takes patience and a little skill.",
    "zh": "烤出好面包需要耐心和一点技巧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach practical skills that help young people manage money and communicate effectively.",
    "zh": "学校应教授实用技能，帮助年轻人管理金钱并进行有效沟通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "communication skills｜沟通技能",
   "practical skills｜实用技能",
   "develop a skill｜培养一项技能",
   "skill in doing something｜做某事的技巧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "skilled (adj.)",
   "skilful (adj.)",
   "skilfully (adv.)",
   "unskilled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ability",
   "expertise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "具体技能可数；泛指熟练程度时常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "skill"
 },
 {
  "w": "kite",
  "uk": "/kaɪt/",
  "us": "/kaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "风筝",
    "en": "A lightweight frame flown in the wind on a string"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鸢",
    "en": "A bird of prey with long wings and often a forked tail"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We flew a bright kite on the windy beach.",
    "zh": "我们在风大的海滩上放了一只色彩鲜艳的风筝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Outdoor activities such as flying kites offer families affordable recreation and encourage children to spend time away from screens.",
    "zh": "放风筝等户外活动为家庭提供了经济实惠的娱乐方式，也鼓励孩子暂时远离屏幕。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fly a kite｜放风筝",
   "kite string｜风筝线",
   "kite flying｜放风筝活动"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“放风筝”用 fly a kite，不用 play a kite。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kite"
 },
 {
  "w": "action",
  "uk": "/ˈækʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈækʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行动；措施",
    "en": "Something done to achieve a result or address a problem."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行为；举动",
    "en": "A particular thing that someone does."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "精彩刺激的场面；剧情",
    "en": "Exciting events in a story, film, or real situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We need to take action before the leak worsens.",
    "zh": "我们得在漏水加重之前采取行动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must take urgent action to protect coastal communities from the growing risks of climate change.",
    "zh": "政府必须紧急采取行动，保护沿海社区免受日益加剧的气候变化风险影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take action｜采取行动",
   "urgent action｜紧急行动",
   "course of action｜行动方案",
   "action film｜动作片"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "act (v.)",
   "active (adj.)",
   "activity (n.)",
   "inaction (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "inaction"
  ],
  "tip": "take action中的action不可数；具体举动可用actions。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "action"
 },
 {
  "w": "built",
  "uk": "/bɪlt/",
  "us": "/bɪlt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "建造；建立（过去式及分词）",
    "en": "past tense and past participle of build"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有……体格的",
    "en": "having a particular body shape or physical build"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We built a small shelter for the garden tools.",
    "zh": "我们搭了一个小棚子，用来存放园艺工具。"
   },
   {
    "en": "New homes should be built near public transport to reduce residents' dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "新住宅应建在公共交通设施附近，以减少居民对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "built to last｜经久耐用的",
   "well built｜体格健壮的；建造牢固的",
   "built environment｜建成环境",
   "purpose-built facilities｜专门建造的设施"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "build (v.)",
   "builder (n.)",
   "building (n.)",
   "rebuild (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "build的过去式、过去分词均为built，不是builded。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "built"
 },
 {
  "w": "depend",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpend/",
  "us": "/dɪˈpend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "取决于",
    "en": "to be determined or affected by something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "依赖；信赖",
    "en": "to need or trust someone or something for support"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our weekend plans depend on how the weather turns out.",
    "zh": "我们周末的安排取决于天气怎么样。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many rural communities depend on reliable public transport to access healthcare, education, and employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "许多农村社区依靠可靠的公共交通来获得医疗、教育和就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "depend on｜取决于；依赖",
   "depend heavily on｜严重依赖",
   "depend on someone to do something｜指望某人做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dependence (n.)",
   "dependent (adj.)",
   "dependable (adj.)",
   "independent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rely"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常接on或upon；It depends意为“看情况”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "depend"
 },
 {
  "w": "mid-day",
  "uk": "/ˌmɪdˈdeɪ/",
  "us": "/ˌmɪdˈdeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "中午；正午",
    "en": "The middle of the day, around twelve o'clock."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stopped for lunch at mid-day beside the river.",
    "zh": "中午，我们在河边停下来吃午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Outdoor workers should have access to shade at mid-day, when exposure to direct sunlight can be intense.",
    "zh": "户外工作者在中午应有地方遮阴，因为此时阳光直射可能很强。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at mid-day｜在中午",
   "by mid-day｜到中午时",
   "mid-day meal｜午餐"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "noon"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "midnight"
  ],
  "tip": "现代英语通常写midday；在正午用at midday。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "可用的连字符变体；现代通常拼作midday。",
  "id": "mid-day"
 },
 {
  "w": "joke",
  "uk": "/dʒəʊk/",
  "us": "/dʒoʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "笑话；玩笑",
    "en": "Something said or done to make people laugh."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开玩笑",
    "en": "To say something funny or not seriously meant."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother told a joke that made everyone laugh.",
    "zh": "我哥哥讲了个笑话，把大家都逗笑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers sometimes use jokes to reduce anxiety and create a more relaxed classroom atmosphere.",
    "zh": "教师有时会用笑话缓解焦虑，营造更轻松的课堂氛围。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tell a joke｜讲笑话",
   "play a joke on someone｜捉弄某人",
   "joke about something｜拿某事开玩笑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "joking (adj.)",
   "jokingly (adv.)",
   "joker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "讲笑话用tell a joke，不用say a joke。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "joke"
 },
 {
  "w": "guest",
  "uk": "/ɡest/",
  "us": "/ɡest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "客人；受邀嘉宾",
    "en": "Someone invited to visit a home or attend an event."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旅馆住客",
    "en": "Someone staying at a hotel or similar accommodation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each guest brought a dish to share at dinner.",
    "zh": "每位客人都带了一道菜，在晚餐时与大家分享。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hotels can encourage guests to conserve water by offering towel replacement only when requested.",
    "zh": "酒店可以仅在住客提出要求时更换毛巾，以鼓励节水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "invite guests｜邀请客人",
   "hotel guest｜酒店住客",
   "guest speaker｜特邀演讲者",
   "guest room｜客房"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "visitor"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "host"
  ],
  "tip": "guest可指受邀客人，也可指付费的酒店住客。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "guest"
 },
 {
  "w": "screen",
  "uk": "/skriːn/",
  "us": "/skriːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "屏幕；银幕",
    "en": "A surface on which electronic images or films appear."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "筛查；审查",
    "en": "To check people or things for problems or suitability."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放映；播出",
    "en": "To show a film or programme to an audience."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I wiped the fingerprints off my laptop screen.",
    "zh": "我擦掉了笔记本电脑屏幕上的指纹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Health services should screen vulnerable patients regularly to detect diseases before serious symptoms develop.",
    "zh": "医疗服务机构应定期对易患病患者进行筛查，在严重症状出现前发现疾病。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "screen time｜屏幕使用时间",
   "touch screen｜触摸屏",
   "screen for disease｜筛查疾病",
   "screen a film｜放映电影"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "screening (n.)",
   "onscreen (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "screen A for B表示检查A是否存在B问题。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "screen"
 },
 {
  "w": "dishwasher",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪʃwɒʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪʃwɑːʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洗碗机",
    "en": "a machine that washes dishes and kitchen utensils"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洗碗工",
    "en": "a person employed to wash dishes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please load the dishwasher after you finish your lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭吃完后，请把餐具放进洗碗机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Running a dishwasher only when it is full can help households conserve water and energy.",
    "zh": "等洗碗机装满后再运行，有助于家庭节约水和能源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "load the dishwasher｜把餐具装进洗碗机",
   "unload the dishwasher｜取出洗碗机里的餐具",
   "dishwasher detergent｜洗碗机专用洗涤剂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dishwashing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "日常多指洗碗机；招聘语境中也可指洗碗工。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dishwasher"
 },
 {
  "w": "completely",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpliːtli/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpliːtli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "完全地；彻底地",
    "en": "In every way or to the fullest possible degree."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My shoes were completely wet after walking through the rain.",
    "zh": "在雨中走过之后，我的鞋全湿透了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although online courses offer flexibility, they cannot completely replace the social benefits of classroom learning.",
    "zh": "虽然在线课程提供了灵活性，但它们无法完全取代课堂学习带来的社交益处。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "completely different｜完全不同的",
   "completely forget｜忘得一干二净",
   "completely agree｜完全同意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "complete (adj.)",
   "completion (n.)",
   "incomplete (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "entirely",
   "totally",
   "wholly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "partly"
  ],
  "tip": "表示程度达到全部，常修饰形容词或动词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "completely"
 },
 {
  "w": "partner",
  "uk": "/ˈpɑːtnə/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːrtnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "搭档；合作伙伴；合伙人",
    "en": "Someone you work, play, or share a business with."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "配偶；伴侣",
    "en": "Someone you share a romantic relationship or married life with."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "与…搭档；合作",
    "en": "Work or take part in an activity with someone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My dance partner waited patiently while I practised.",
    "zh": "我练习时，我的舞伴耐心地等着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities can partner with local businesses to offer students practical experience before they enter the workforce.",
    "zh": "大学可以与当地企业合作，让学生在就业前获得实践经验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "business partner｜商业伙伴；合伙人",
   "dance partner｜舞伴",
   "life partner｜终身伴侣",
   "partner with｜与…合作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "partnership (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "partner不表明性别；作动词常用partner with。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "partner"
 },
 {
  "w": "badminton",
  "uk": "/ˈbædmɪntən/",
  "us": "/ˈbædmɪntən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "羽毛球运动",
    "en": "A sport involving hitting a shuttlecock over a net with rackets"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We play badminton at the sports centre every Saturday.",
    "zh": "我们每周六都在体育中心打羽毛球。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage regular exercise by offering accessible activities such as badminton and swimming.",
    "zh": "学校可以通过提供羽毛球和游泳等易于参与的活动来鼓励学生经常锻炼。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play badminton｜打羽毛球",
   "badminton court｜羽毛球场",
   "badminton racket｜羽毛球拍"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "运动名通常不可数；“打羽毛球”用play badminton。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "badminton"
 },
 {
  "w": "nobody",
  "uk": "/ˈnəʊbədi/",
  "us": "/ˈnoʊbədi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "没有人",
    "en": "not a single person"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "无名小卒",
    "en": "a person considered unimportant or unknown"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Nobody noticed the kitten sleeping behind the sofa.",
    "zh": "没人注意到睡在沙发后面的小猫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Nobody should be denied access to education because their family cannot afford school fees.",
    "zh": "任何人都不应因家庭付不起学费而被剥夺受教育的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nobody else｜没有其他人",
   "almost nobody｜几乎没有人",
   "nobody knows｜无人知晓"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "no one"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "everybody"
  ],
  "tip": "作主语时谓语用单数；本身含否定意义。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nobody"
 },
 {
  "w": "coast",
  "uk": "/kəʊst/",
  "us": "/koʊst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海岸；海滨",
    "en": "the land along the edge of the sea"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "滑行；靠惯性前进",
    "en": "to move without using power or much effort"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "不费力地应付",
    "en": "to succeed or progress without trying very hard"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked along the coast and collected smooth stones.",
    "zh": "我们沿着海岸散步，捡了一些光滑的石头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Communities along the coast face increasing risks from rising sea levels and severe storms.",
    "zh": "沿海社区面临着海平面上升和强风暴带来的日益严重的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "along the coast｜沿着海岸",
   "off the coast｜在近海海域",
   "coast downhill｜顺坡滑行",
   "coast through｜轻松应付"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coastal (adj.)",
   "coastline (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "seashore"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on the coast指在海边；off the coast指在近海。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coast"
 },
 {
  "w": "enter",
  "uk": "/ˈentə/",
  "us": "/ˈentər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "进入",
    "en": "To go or come into a place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "参加；加入",
    "en": "To become involved in a competition, activity, or organisation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "输入；录入",
    "en": "To put information into a computer or official record."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please wipe your shoes before you enter the kitchen.",
    "zh": "进入厨房前，请把鞋底擦干净。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Young people often need practical training before they enter the workforce and take on professional responsibilities.",
    "zh": "年轻人在进入职场、承担职业责任之前，往往需要接受实践培训。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enter a competition｜参加比赛",
   "enter the workforce｜进入职场",
   "enter data｜输入数据",
   "enter a room｜进入房间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "entry (n.)",
   "entrance (n.)",
   "entrant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "exit",
   "leave"
  ],
  "tip": "进入某地用enter a place，不加into。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enter"
 },
 {
  "w": "castle",
  "uk": "/ˈkɑːsəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkæsəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "城堡",
    "en": "A large fortified building with thick walls and towers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We climbed the hill to explore the old castle.",
    "zh": "我们爬上山丘，去探索那座古堡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring a historic castle can attract tourists while preserving valuable evidence of a region's architectural heritage.",
    "zh": "修复历史城堡既能吸引游客，也能保留体现当地建筑遗产的珍贵实物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "medieval castle｜中世纪城堡",
   "castle walls｜城堡城墙",
   "ruined castle｜残破的城堡"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "castle中的t不发音；palace指宫殿。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "castle"
 },
 {
  "w": "awful",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "糟糕的；令人难受的",
    "en": "Extremely bad or unpleasant."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup tasted awful, so I made a sandwich.",
    "zh": "这汤太难喝了，所以我做了个三明治。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents described the awful conditions in overcrowded housing and called for stricter safety standards.",
    "zh": "居民描述了过度拥挤住房中的恶劣条件，并呼吁制定更严格的安全标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "awful weather｜糟糕的天气",
   "feel awful｜感觉很难受",
   "awful smell｜难闻的气味"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "awfully (adv.)",
   "awfulness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "terrible",
   "dreadful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "wonderful"
  ],
  "tip": "feel awful可指身体难受，也可指内疚或心情差。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "awful"
 },
 {
  "w": "text",
  "uk": "/tekst/",
  "us": "/tekst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文字；文本",
    "en": "Written words, especially the main written content of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "短信",
    "en": "A short written message sent using a phone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发短信",
    "en": "Send someone a short written message using a phone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The text on this menu is too small.",
    "zh": "这份菜单上的字太小了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can combine text with images to help students understand complex scientific concepts more easily.",
    "zh": "教师可以将文字与图像结合，帮助学生更轻松地理解复杂的科学概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "text message｜短信",
   "plain text｜纯文本",
   "text someone｜给某人发短信"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "textual (adj.)",
   "texting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "文字内容通常不可数；一条短信可说a text。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "text"
 },
 {
  "w": "result",
  "uk": "/rɪˈzʌlt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈzʌlt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结果；后果",
    "en": "something that happens because of an action or event"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成绩；比赛结果",
    "en": "the final score or outcome of a test or competition"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "导致；由……造成",
    "en": "to happen because of something or cause something to happen"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shiny floor was the result of hours of cleaning.",
    "zh": "这光亮的地板是花了好几个小时打扫的成果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in reliable public transport can result in lower emissions and shorter commuting times for urban residents.",
    "zh": "投资建设可靠的公共交通，可以减少排放并缩短城市居民的通勤时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "as a result｜因此",
   "result in｜导致",
   "result from｜由……造成",
   "exam results｜考试成绩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "resulting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "outcome",
   "consequence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "result in后接结果；result from后接原因。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "result"
 },
 {
  "w": "bathtub",
  "uk": "/ˈbɑːθtʌb/",
  "us": "/ˈbæθtʌb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "浴缸",
    "en": "A large container that you sit in to wash your body."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitten watched water dripping into the empty bathtub.",
    "zh": "小猫看着水滴进空浴缸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing a bathtub with a shower can save space in small urban apartments.",
    "zh": "在小型城市公寓中，用淋浴设施替换浴缸可以节省空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fill the bathtub｜往浴缸放水",
   "an empty bathtub｜空浴缸",
   "a freestanding bathtub｜独立式浴缸"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "bath",
   "tub"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bathtub尤常用于美式英语；英式常说bath。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bathtub"
 },
 {
  "w": "mailbox",
  "uk": "/ˈmeɪlbɒks/",
  "us": "/ˈmeɪlbɑːks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "信箱；邮筒",
    "en": "A box where letters are delivered or collected."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电子邮箱",
    "en": "An electronic space where email messages are received and stored."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A postcard from my cousin arrived in our mailbox.",
    "zh": "表亲寄来的一张明信片到了我们家的信箱里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents in remote areas may travel considerable distances to reach the nearest public mailbox.",
    "zh": "偏远地区的居民可能需要走很远才能到达最近的公共邮筒。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "check your mailbox｜查看信箱",
   "an overflowing mailbox｜塞满的信箱",
   "an electronic mailbox｜电子邮箱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mail (n.)",
   "mail (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常用词；英式常用letterbox或postbox。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mailbox"
 },
 {
  "w": "habit",
  "uk": "/ˈhæbɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈhæbɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "习惯；习性",
    "en": "something you do regularly, often without thinking"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Checking my phone before breakfast has become a habit.",
    "zh": "早餐前查看手机已经成了我的习惯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Developing the habit of regular exercise during childhood can improve health throughout adult life.",
    "zh": "在童年时期养成规律锻炼的习惯，可以改善整个成年阶段的健康状况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "form a habit｜养成习惯",
   "break a habit｜改掉习惯",
   "out of habit｜出于习惯",
   "get into the habit of｜养成……的习惯"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "habitual (adj.)",
   "habitually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示做某事的习惯，用habit of doing。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "habit"
 },
 {
  "w": "rock",
  "uk": "/rɒk/",
  "us": "/rɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "岩石；石块",
    "en": "The hard natural material forming much of Earth's surface."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "摇滚乐",
    "en": "Popular music with a strong beat, often featuring electric guitars."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "摇动；摇晃",
    "en": "Move gently backwards and forwards or from side to side."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sat on a flat rock beside the river.",
    "zh": "我们坐在河边一块平坦的岩石上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying ancient rock layers helps scientists understand how the Earth's climate has changed over time.",
    "zh": "研究古老的岩层有助于科学家了解地球气候随时间发生的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "solid rock｜坚硬的岩石",
   "rock music｜摇滚乐",
   "rock formation｜岩层；岩石构造",
   "rock a baby｜轻摇婴儿"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rocky (adj.)",
   "rocker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rock 作岩石材料不可数；指一块石头时可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rock"
 },
 {
  "w": "driving",
  "uk": "/ˈdraɪvɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈdraɪvɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "驾驶；驾车方式",
    "en": "the activity of controlling a car or another road vehicle"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "推动的；起促进作用的",
    "en": "strongly influencing something and making it happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "风雨猛烈的",
    "en": "blown hard by strong winds"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her careful driving made the mountain journey feel safe.",
    "zh": "她开车很谨慎，让这段山路旅程令人安心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Technological innovation is a driving force behind economic growth, although its benefits are not always shared equally.",
    "zh": "技术创新是经济增长的推动力，但其收益并不总能得到公平分享。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "driving test｜驾驶考试",
   "driving licence｜驾驶执照",
   "driving force｜推动力",
   "driving rain｜疾风骤雨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drive (v.)",
   "driver (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "driving force意为推动力；driving也可作drive的现在分词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "driving"
 },
 {
  "w": "keyboard",
  "uk": "/ˈkiːbɔːd/",
  "us": "/ˈkiːbɔːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电脑键盘",
    "en": "A set of keys used to enter information into a computer"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乐器键盘；电子键盘乐器",
    "en": "A musical instrument's keys, or an electronic instrument with keys"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I brushed the crumbs off my keyboard before starting work.",
    "zh": "开始工作前，我把键盘上的碎屑刷掉了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students with limited mobility may benefit from an adapted keyboard that makes digital learning more accessible.",
    "zh": "行动不便的学生可能受益于经过改装的键盘，从而更方便地参与数字化学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wireless keyboard｜无线键盘",
   "keyboard shortcut｜键盘快捷键",
   "play the keyboard｜弹电子键盘乐器"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "电脑键盘常说a keyboard；演奏键盘乐器用play the keyboard。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "keyboard"
 },
 {
  "w": "drawer",
  "uk": "/drɔː/",
  "us": "/drɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抽屉",
    "en": "a sliding storage compartment in a desk or other furniture"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I keep spare keys in the top kitchen drawer.",
    "zh": "我把备用钥匙放在厨房最上面的抽屉里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Office desks with lockable drawers help employees store personal belongings securely in shared working environments.",
    "zh": "配有可上锁抽屉的办公桌有助于员工在共享办公环境中安全存放私人物品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "open a drawer｜打开抽屉",
   "top drawer｜最上层抽屉",
   "desk drawer｜书桌抽屉",
   "chest of drawers｜抽屉柜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "抽屉是drawer；衣橱是wardrobe。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drawer"
 },
 {
  "w": "rubber",
  "uk": "/ˈrʌbə/",
  "us": "/ˈrʌbər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "橡胶",
    "en": "an elastic material used to make tyres and other products"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "橡皮擦",
    "en": "a small object used to remove pencil marks"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These rubber boots keep my feet dry in puddles.",
    "zh": "这双橡胶靴让我踩水坑时双脚也不会湿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recycling rubber from used tyres can reduce waste and provide material for safer playground surfaces.",
    "zh": "回收废旧轮胎中的橡胶可以减少废物，并为更安全的游乐场地面提供材料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "natural rubber｜天然橡胶",
   "rubber band｜橡皮筋",
   "rubber gloves｜橡胶手套",
   "rubber boots｜橡胶靴"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rubbery (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "橡胶不可数；橡皮擦可数，美式英语通常用eraser。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rubber"
 },
 {
  "w": "mix",
  "uk": "/mɪks/",
  "us": "/mɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "混合；拌和",
    "en": "To combine different substances or things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "混合物；组合",
    "en": "A combination of different substances, people, or things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "交往；相处",
    "en": "To spend time socially with other people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Mix the flour and eggs in a large bowl.",
    "zh": "把面粉和鸡蛋放进大碗里拌匀。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Successful neighbourhoods often contain a mix of housing types that serve people with different incomes.",
    "zh": "成功的社区通常包含多种住房类型，以满足不同收入人群的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mix ingredients｜混合原料",
   "mix with others｜与他人交往",
   "a diverse mix｜多样化的组合",
   "mix things up｜把东西弄混"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mixture (n.)",
   "mixed (adj.)",
   "mixer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "blend",
   "combine"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "separate"
  ],
  "tip": "mix A with B指混合；mix A up with B指混淆。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mix"
 },
 {
  "w": "electricity",
  "uk": "/ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/",
  "us": "/ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电；电力",
    "en": "Energy carried by charged particles, used to power devices"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The storm cut off electricity to our entire street.",
    "zh": "暴风雨导致我们整条街停电了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Generating electricity from renewable sources can reduce dependence on fossil fuels and lower greenhouse gas emissions.",
    "zh": "利用可再生能源发电可以减少对化石燃料的依赖，并降低温室气体排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "generate electricity｜发电",
   "electricity supply｜电力供应",
   "an electricity bill｜电费账单",
   "save electricity｜节约用电"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "electric (adj.)",
   "electrical (adj.)",
   "electrician (n.)",
   "electrify (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "electric power"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "electricity不可数；electric多指用电的，electrical指电相关的。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "electricity"
 },
 {
  "w": "product",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒdʌkt/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːdʌkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "产品；制品",
    "en": "something made or grown to be sold or used"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "产物；结果",
    "en": "something that results from a process or situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乘积",
    "en": "the result of multiplying two or more quantities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This cleaning product removes stains from my kitchen tiles.",
    "zh": "这款清洁产品能去除我家厨房瓷砖上的污渍。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers increasingly prefer products that use less packaging and can be repaired rather than replaced.",
    "zh": "消费者越来越偏好包装更少、能够维修而不必更换的产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "launch a product｜推出产品",
   "dairy products｜乳制品",
   "product development｜产品开发",
   "the product of｜……的产物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "produce (v.)",
   "production (n.)",
   "producer (n.)",
   "productive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "product是产品或结果，production是生产过程。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "product"
 },
 {
  "w": "zebra",
  "uk": "/ˈzebrə/",
  "us": "/ˈziːbrə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "斑马",
    "en": "an African wild animal with black and white stripes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A zebra stood quietly beside the watering hole.",
    "zh": "一匹斑马静静地站在水塘旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting grasslands helps zebra populations survive while preserving habitats for many other wild animals.",
    "zh": "保护草原有助于斑马种群生存，同时也为许多其他野生动物保留栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a herd of zebras｜一群斑马",
   "zebra stripes｜斑马条纹",
   "zebra crossing｜斑马线"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "zebra crossing 是英式英语中的斑马线。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "zebra"
 },
 {
  "w": "shampoo",
  "uk": "/ʃæmˈpuː/",
  "us": "/ʃæmˈpuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洗发水",
    "en": "a liquid product used to wash hair"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用洗发水洗头",
    "en": "to wash hair using shampoo"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I packed a small bottle of shampoo for our trip.",
    "zh": "我为这次旅行装了一小瓶洗发水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using refillable shampoo containers can reduce plastic waste generated by households and the tourism industry.",
    "zh": "使用可补充装的洗发水容器可以减少家庭和旅游业产生的塑料垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bottle of shampoo｜一瓶洗发水",
   "mild shampoo｜温和洗发水",
   "shampoo your hair｜用洗发水洗头",
   "dry shampoo｜干洗洗发剂"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指洗发水通常不可数；一瓶用a bottle of shampoo。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shampoo"
 },
 {
  "w": "lab",
  "uk": "/læb/",
  "us": "/læb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实验室",
    "en": "A room or building equipped for scientific experiments and tests"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We wore safety goggles while mixing liquids in the lab.",
    "zh": "我们在实验室混合液体时戴着护目镜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-equipped school lab allows students to test scientific ideas through practical experiments rather than memorisation alone.",
    "zh": "设备齐全的学校实验室让学生通过实际实验检验科学观点，而非仅仅死记硬背。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "research lab｜研究实验室",
   "science lab｜科学实验室",
   "lab equipment｜实验室设备",
   "lab technician｜实验室技术员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "laboratory (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "laboratory"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lab是laboratory的常用缩写，二者均为可数名词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lab"
 },
 {
  "w": "surprised",
  "uk": "/səˈpraɪzd/",
  "us": "/sərˈpraɪzd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "惊讶的；感到意外的",
    "en": "Feeling that something unexpected has happened."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was surprised to find flowers outside my door.",
    "zh": "发现门外放着鲜花，我很惊讶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers were surprised by how strongly access to green spaces influenced residents' reported levels of wellbeing.",
    "zh": "绿地的可及性对居民自报幸福感的影响如此之大，令研究人员感到惊讶。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "surprised at the result｜对结果感到惊讶",
   "pleasantly surprised｜感到惊喜",
   "surprised to hear｜听到后感到意外"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "surprise (n.)",
   "surprise (v.)",
   "surprising (adj.)",
   "surprisingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "astonished",
   "amazed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unsurprised"
  ],
  "tip": "surprised形容人的感受；surprising形容事物令人惊讶。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "surprised"
 },
 {
  "w": "heater",
  "uk": "/ˈhiːtə/",
  "us": "/ˈhiːtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "加热器；取暖器",
    "en": "a device that heats air, water, or another substance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We switched on the heater before the guests arrived.",
    "zh": "客人到来前，我们打开了取暖器。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing an inefficient water heater can lower household energy bills and reduce overall electricity consumption.",
    "zh": "更换效率低下的热水器能降低家庭能源账单，并减少总体用电量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "electric heater｜电暖器",
   "water heater｜热水器",
   "portable heater｜便携式取暖器"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "heat (n.)",
   "heat (v.)",
   "heating (n.)",
   "heated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "heater是设备；heating指供暖或供暖系统。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "heater"
 },
 {
  "w": "lawyer",
  "uk": "/ˈlɔɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈlɔɪər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "律师",
    "en": "Someone qualified to advise people about law and represent them."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our lawyer explained the contract before we signed it.",
    "zh": "我们的律师在我们签字前解释了合同内容。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to an affordable lawyer helps ensure that everyone can defend their legal rights.",
    "zh": "能以可负担的费用聘请律师，有助于确保每个人都能维护自己的合法权利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hire a lawyer｜聘请律师",
   "criminal lawyer｜刑事律师",
   "consult a lawyer｜咨询律师"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "law (n.)",
   "lawful (adj.)",
   "unlawful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lawyer是律师的统称，区别于法官judge。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lawyer"
 },
 {
  "w": "store",
  "uk": "/stɔː/",
  "us": "/stɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "商店",
    "en": "a place where people buy goods"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "储存；贮藏",
    "en": "to keep something somewhere for future use"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "储备；储存物",
    "en": "a supply of something kept for future use"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The store near our house sells fresh bread.",
    "zh": "我们家附近的商店卖新鲜面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern batteries can store energy from solar panels for use when sunlight is no longer available.",
    "zh": "现代电池可以储存太阳能板产生的能量，以便在没有阳光时使用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "department store｜百货商店",
   "store data｜存储数据",
   "store food｜储存食物",
   "a store of knowledge｜知识储备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "storage (n.)",
   "storekeeper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shop",
   "keep"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "商店在美式中常用store，英式日常更常用shop。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "store"
 },
 {
  "w": "wheel",
  "uk": "/wiːl/",
  "us": "/wiːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轮子；车轮",
    "en": "A round object that turns to move a vehicle."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方向盘",
    "en": "The circular control used to steer a vehicle."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推着有轮之物移动",
    "en": "To move something along on its wheels."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The front wheel of my bicycle needs replacing.",
    "zh": "我的自行车前轮需要更换。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Transport planners should ensure that passengers can wheel their luggage easily through stations and onto trains.",
    "zh": "交通规划者应确保乘客能轻松推着行李穿过车站并登上列车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "front wheel｜前轮",
   "steering wheel｜方向盘",
   "behind the wheel｜开车；掌舵",
   "wheel a trolley｜推手推车"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wheeled (adj.)",
   "wheelchair (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "at或behind the wheel常表示正在开车。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wheel"
 },
 {
  "w": "item",
  "uk": "/ˈaɪtəm/",
  "us": "/ˈaɪtəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一件物品；一件商品",
    "en": "A single object, especially one in a collection."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "项目；条目；一则消息",
    "en": "One part of a list, programme, or news report."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please place each item carefully in the shopping bag.",
    "zh": "请把每件商品小心地放进购物袋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each item on the meeting agenda addresses a different challenge facing local public transport services.",
    "zh": "会议议程中的每一项都涉及当地公共交通服务面临的不同挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "household item｜家居用品",
   "luxury item｜奢侈品",
   "agenda item｜议程项目",
   "news item｜一则新闻"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "itemise (v.)",
   "itemisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "item是可数名词；一件衣物可说an item of clothing。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "item"
 },
 {
  "w": "receptionist",
  "uk": "/rɪˈsepʃənɪst/",
  "us": "/rɪˈsepʃənɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "接待员；前台人员",
    "en": "Someone who welcomes visitors and handles enquiries at a reception desk."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The receptionist smiled and handed us our room keys.",
    "zh": "接待员微笑着把房间钥匙递给了我们。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A skilled receptionist can improve patients' experiences by managing appointments efficiently and responding calmly to enquiries.",
    "zh": "熟练的接待员能够高效安排预约、沉着回应咨询，从而改善患者的就诊体验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hotel receptionist｜酒店接待员",
   "work as a receptionist｜担任接待员",
   "ask the receptionist｜询问接待员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reception (n.)",
   "receive (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "reception 是接待处；receptionist 是接待员。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "receptionist"
 },
 {
  "w": "salesman",
  "uk": "/ˈseɪlzmən/",
  "us": "/ˈseɪlzmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男销售员；男推销员",
    "en": "A man whose job is to sell goods or services."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The salesman showed us how to fold the bicycle.",
    "zh": "那位男销售员向我们演示了如何折叠自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A skilled salesman should explain product limitations honestly rather than pressure customers into making unnecessary purchases.",
    "zh": "有技巧的销售员应如实解释产品的局限，而不是强迫顾客购买不必要的东西。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a car salesman｜汽车销售员",
   "a travelling salesman｜旅行推销员",
   "an experienced salesman｜经验丰富的销售员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sales (n.)",
   "salesperson (n.)",
   "saleswoman (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "salesperson",
   "sales representative"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "salesman明确指男性；不强调性别时用salesperson。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "salesman"
 },
 {
  "w": "fantastic",
  "uk": "/fænˈtæstɪk/",
  "us": "/fænˈtæstɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；出色的",
    "en": "extremely good or enjoyable"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "奇幻的；异想天开的",
    "en": "strange and imaginative, rather than realistic"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极大的；惊人的",
    "en": "extremely large in amount or degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had a fantastic view of the mountains from our balcony.",
    "zh": "从阳台望去，山景美极了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community sports programmes offer young people a fantastic opportunity to develop teamwork skills and build confidence.",
    "zh": "社区体育项目为年轻人提供了培养团队合作技能和增强自信的绝佳机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fantastic opportunity｜绝佳机会",
   "fantastic view｜极美的景色",
   "fantastic achievement｜了不起的成就",
   "fantastic creatures｜奇幻生物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fantastically (adv.)",
   "fantasy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "excellent",
   "wonderful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "terrible"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“极好的”偏口语；正式写作可用excellent。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fantastic"
 },
 {
  "w": "running",
  "uk": "/ˈrʌnɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈrʌnɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "跑步",
    "en": "the activity or sport of moving quickly on foot"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "管理；运作",
    "en": "the work of managing or operating something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "流动的；运转中的",
    "en": "flowing continuously or operating rather than stopped"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Running along the beach always clears my head.",
    "zh": "沿着海滩跑步总能让我头脑清醒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local volunteers play a crucial role in the daily running of community sports centres.",
    "zh": "当地志愿者在社区体育中心的日常管理中发挥着关键作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go running｜去跑步",
   "day-to-day running｜日常管理",
   "running water｜自来水；流动的水",
   "running costs｜运营成本"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "run (v.)",
   "runner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示跑步活动时不可数；the running of指管理。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "running"
 },
 {
  "w": "gate",
  "uk": "/ɡeɪt/",
  "us": "/ɡeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大门；栅栏门",
    "en": "A movable barrier controlling entry through a fence or wall."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "登机口",
    "en": "An airport area where passengers board a plane."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She closed the garden gate to keep the dog inside.",
    "zh": "她关上花园的门，免得狗跑出去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Airports should provide clear directions so passengers can reach their departure gate without unnecessary stress.",
    "zh": "机场应提供清晰的指引，让乘客无需过度紧张就能找到登机口。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "front gate｜前门",
   "departure gate｜登机口",
   "school gate｜校门",
   "lock the gate｜锁上大门"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gate多指围墙或栅栏上的门；房间的门通常用door。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gate"
 },
 {
  "w": "title",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪtəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪtəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "标题；书名；名称",
    "en": "the name given to a book, film, or other work"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "头衔；职称",
    "en": "a name indicating someone's rank, position, or professional role"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冠军称号",
    "en": "the position of winner in a sporting competition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I remember the book's cover but not its title.",
    "zh": "我记得这本书的封面，却不记得书名了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An effective essay title should clearly indicate the main issue being discussed without revealing every detail.",
    "zh": "好的文章标题应清楚表明所讨论的主要问题，而不必透露所有细节。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "book title｜书名",
   "job title｜职位名称",
   "win the title｜夺得冠军",
   "defend a title｜卫冕"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "title (v.)",
   "titled (adj.)",
   "untitled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "heading",
   "name"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "title是标题或名称；topic是讨论的主题。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "title"
 },
 {
  "w": "platform",
  "uk": "/ˈplætfɔːm/",
  "us": "/ˈplætfɔːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "站台；月台",
    "en": "The area beside railway tracks where passengers board trains."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "讲台；高台",
    "en": "A raised surface where people can stand or perform."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "网络平台；交流平台",
    "en": "A service or system for sharing information or doing activities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We waited on the platform as the train approached.",
    "zh": "火车驶近时，我们正在站台上等候。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online learning platforms allow students in remote areas to access courses that are unavailable locally.",
    "zh": "在线学习平台让偏远地区的学生能够学习当地没有开设的课程。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "railway platform｜火车站台",
   "online platform｜网络平台",
   "a platform for debate｜辩论的平台"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "在站台上用on the platform，不用in。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "platform"
 },
 {
  "w": "parking",
  "uk": "/ˈpɑːkɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːrkɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "停车；泊车",
    "en": "The act of leaving a vehicle in a particular place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "停车空间；停车设施",
    "en": "Space or facilities where vehicles can be left."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Parking is difficult on this narrow street after sunset.",
    "zh": "日落后，在这条狭窄的街道上停车很困难。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing free parking in city centres may encourage commuters to use public transport more frequently.",
    "zh": "减少市中心的免费停车位可能促使通勤者更频繁地使用公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a parking space｜停车位",
   "parking restrictions｜停车限制",
   "free parking｜免费停车",
   "underground parking｜地下停车设施"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "park (v.)",
   "parked (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词通常不可数；一个停车位说a parking space。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "parking"
 },
 {
  "w": "replace",
  "uk": "/rɪˈpleɪs/",
  "us": "/rɪˈpleɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "替换；取代；更换",
    "en": "To take something's place or put something else in its place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把……放回原处",
    "en": "To put something back where it was before."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We need to replace the broken kitchen chair.",
    "zh": "我们需要换掉厨房里那把坏椅子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Renewable energy could gradually replace fossil fuels if governments invest sufficiently in infrastructure and storage technology.",
    "zh": "如果政府充分投资基础设施和储能技术，可再生能源就可能逐步取代化石燃料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "replace A with B｜用B替换A",
   "replace a battery｜更换电池",
   "be replaced by｜被……取代"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "replacement (n.)",
   "replaceable (adj.)",
   "irreplaceable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "replace A with B是用B换掉A，别弄反方向。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "replace"
 },
 {
  "w": "yard",
  "uk": "/jɑːd/",
  "us": "/jɑːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "院子；庭院",
    "en": "An outdoor area beside a building, often enclosed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "码（长度单位）",
    "en": "A unit of length equal to three feet or 0.9144 metres."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our dog chased a yellow ball across the yard.",
    "zh": "我们的狗追着一个黄色的球跑过院子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Converting an unused school yard into a garden can provide valuable outdoor learning opportunities for urban children.",
    "zh": "把闲置的校园庭院改成花园，可以为城市儿童提供宝贵的户外学习机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "back yard｜后院",
   "school yard｜校园庭院",
   "a yard of fabric｜一码布料"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "courtyard"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式yard可指住宅草坪庭院；英式多用garden。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "yard"
 },
 {
  "w": "printer",
  "uk": "/ˈprɪntə/",
  "us": "/ˈprɪntər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "打印机",
    "en": "a machine that produces paper copies of digital documents or images"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "印刷工；印刷商",
    "en": "a person or business that prints books and other materials"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The printer ran out of paper halfway through my homework.",
    "zh": "我的作业打印到一半时，打印机没纸了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can reduce paper waste by setting every printer to print on both sides automatically.",
    "zh": "学校可以将所有打印机设为自动双面打印，从而减少纸张浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "laser printer｜激光打印机",
   "inkjet printer｜喷墨打印机",
   "printer cartridge｜打印机墨盒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "print (v.)",
   "printing (n.)",
   "printable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "print是打印；printer可指机器，也可指印刷从业者。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "printer"
 },
 {
  "w": "land",
  "uk": "/lænd/",
  "us": "/lænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陆地；土地",
    "en": "Earth's solid surface, or an area used for a particular purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "着陆；降落；使着陆",
    "en": "To reach the ground, or bring an aircraft to the ground."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "成功获得",
    "en": "To succeed in getting something desirable, especially a job."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After hours at sea, we finally spotted dry land.",
    "zh": "在海上航行数小时后，我们终于看到了陆地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting agricultural land from urban expansion is essential for maintaining food production near growing cities.",
    "zh": "保护农业用地免受城市扩张侵占，对维持发展中城市周边的粮食生产至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "agricultural land｜农业用地",
   "by land｜经陆路",
   "land safely｜安全着陆",
   "land a job｜成功找到工作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "landing (n.)",
   "landless (adj.)",
   "landowner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示土地通常不可数；land a job指成功获得工作。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "land"
 },
 {
  "w": "businessman",
  "uk": "/ˈbɪznəsmæn/",
  "us": "/ˈbɪznəsmæn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "商人；男企业家",
    "en": "A man who works in business, especially managing a company."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A local businessman opened a bakery near our school.",
    "zh": "一位当地商人在我们学校附近开了一家面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A successful businessman can support local development by investing in training and creating stable employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "成功的商人可以通过投资培训和创造稳定就业机会来支持当地发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "successful businessman｜成功的商人",
   "local businessman｜当地商人",
   "wealthy businessman｜富商"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "business (n.)",
   "businesswoman (n.)",
   "businessperson (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为businessmen；不限定性别可用businessperson。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "businessman"
 },
 {
  "w": "glad",
  "uk": "/ɡlæd/",
  "us": "/ɡlæd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "高兴的；欣慰的",
    "en": "Feeling happy or pleased about something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "乐意的",
    "en": "Willing and pleased to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'm glad you came to dinner with us tonight.",
    "zh": "我很高兴你今晚来和我们一起吃饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many residents were glad that the council had decided to preserve the local park.",
    "zh": "许多居民都很高兴，地方议会决定保留当地的公园。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "glad to hear｜很高兴听到",
   "glad to help｜乐意帮忙",
   "glad about｜为……高兴",
   "glad that｜很高兴……"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gladly (adv.)",
   "gladness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pleased",
   "happy",
   "delighted"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sad",
   "unhappy"
  ],
  "tip": "常作表语；用be glad to do或be glad that从句。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glad"
 },
 {
  "w": "shine",
  "uk": "/ʃaɪn/",
  "us": "/ʃaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发光；照耀",
    "en": "To give out or reflect light."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "擦亮",
    "en": "To polish something until its surface becomes bright and smooth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "光泽；光亮",
    "en": "Brightness on a smooth surface that reflects light."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sun shone through my bedroom window this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，阳光透过我卧室的窗户照了进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Streetlights that shine directly into homes can disturb sleep and reduce residents' quality of life.",
    "zh": "直接照进住宅的路灯会干扰睡眠，降低居民的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shine brightly｜明亮地照耀",
   "shine a light on｜用灯照向",
   "shine your shoes｜擦亮鞋子",
   "a healthy shine｜健康的光泽"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shiny (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "发光的过去式常用shone；擦亮的过去式用shined。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shine"
 },
 {
  "w": "pear",
  "uk": "/peə/",
  "us": "/per/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "梨",
    "en": "A sweet, juicy fruit, often narrower at the top"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sliced a ripe pear into her breakfast bowl.",
    "zh": "她把一个熟梨切成片，放进早餐碗里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Buying locally grown pears during their natural season may reduce the need for long-distance food transport.",
    "zh": "在自然成熟的季节购买本地种植的梨，可能减少长途食品运输的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a ripe pear｜熟梨",
   "a pear tree｜梨树",
   "pear juice｜梨汁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pear-shaped (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pear与pair同音；一个梨用a pear。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pear"
 },
 {
  "w": "day off",
  "uk": "/ˌdeɪ ˈɒf/",
  "us": "/ˌdeɪ ˈɔːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "休息日；休假日",
    "en": "A day when you do not have to work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "On my day off, I cycled to the lake.",
    "zh": "休息那天，我骑车去了湖边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Taking a regular day off allows employees to recover and may improve their performance at work.",
    "zh": "定期休息一天能让员工恢复精力，也可能提高工作表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a day off｜休息一天",
   "have a day off｜有一天休假",
   "a day off work｜一天不上班"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数是days off；请一天假可说take a day off。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "day-off"
 },
 {
  "w": "comedy",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmədi/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmədi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喜剧；喜剧作品",
    "en": "Entertainment intended to make people laugh."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "滑稽；喜剧性",
    "en": "The humorous quality of a situation or event."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a comedy and laughed all evening.",
    "zh": "我们看了一部喜剧，整个晚上都笑个不停。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Comedy can encourage audiences to question social attitudes by presenting familiar problems in unexpected and amusing ways.",
    "zh": "喜剧可以用出人意料又有趣的方式呈现常见问题，促使观众反思社会观念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "romantic comedy｜浪漫喜剧",
   "stand-up comedy｜单口喜剧",
   "a comedy series｜喜剧连续剧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "comedian (n.)",
   "comic (adj.)",
   "comedic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "tragedy"
  ],
  "tip": "指喜剧类型时通常不可数；一部喜剧用a comedy。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "comedy"
 },
 {
  "w": "immediately",
  "uk": "/ɪˈmiːdiətli/",
  "us": "/ɪˈmiːdiətli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "立即；马上",
    "en": "without waiting or any delay"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "紧接地；紧邻地",
    "en": "directly before, after, or next to something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "一……就",
    "en": "as soon as something happens"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "When the doorbell rang, I immediately opened the door.",
    "zh": "门铃一响，我就立刻打开了门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should respond immediately to safety concerns rather than waiting for a serious incident to occur.",
    "zh": "学校应立即回应安全方面的担忧，而不是等到严重事件发生才采取行动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "respond immediately｜立即回应",
   "immediately after｜紧接着……之后",
   "immediately available｜可立即获得的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "immediate (adj.)",
   "immediacy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "instantly",
   "promptly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作连词表示“一……就”主要见于英式英语。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "immediately"
 },
 {
  "w": "freezer",
  "uk": "/ˈfriːzə/",
  "us": "/ˈfriːzər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冷冻柜；冷冻室",
    "en": "an appliance or compartment that keeps food frozen"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Put the ice cream back in the freezer.",
    "zh": "把冰激凌放回冷冻室。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using a freezer allows households to store seasonal produce longer and reduce food waste.",
    "zh": "使用冷冻柜能让家庭更长时间地储存时令农产品，减少食物浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chest freezer｜卧式冷冻柜",
   "freezer compartment｜冷冻室",
   "defrost the freezer｜给冷冻柜除霜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "freeze (v.)",
   "frozen (adj.)",
   "freezing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "freezer用于冷冻；fridge主要用于冷藏。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "freezer"
 },
 {
  "w": "rucksack",
  "uk": "/ˈrʌksæk/",
  "us": "/ˈrʌksæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "双肩背包",
    "en": "A bag carried on your back using shoulder straps."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I packed my lunch and jacket in a rucksack.",
    "zh": "我把午餐和夹克装进了双肩背包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Travellers carrying only a rucksack can move more easily between public transport services.",
    "zh": "只背一个双肩包的旅行者换乘公共交通时行动更方便。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pack a rucksack｜收拾背包",
   "carry a rucksack｜背双肩包",
   "hiking rucksack｜徒步背包"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "backpack"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语常用rucksack；不限定帆布材质。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rucksack"
 },
 {
  "w": "essay",
  "uk": "/ˈeseɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈeseɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "论说文；短文；随笔",
    "en": "A short piece of writing exploring a particular subject."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I finished my history essay just before dinner.",
    "zh": "我刚好在晚饭前写完了历史课论文。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Writing an essay encourages students to organise their ideas and support arguments with relevant evidence.",
    "zh": "撰写论说文能促使学生整理思路，并用相关证据支持论点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write an essay｜写一篇短文",
   "essay question｜论述题",
   "an essay on｜一篇关于……的文章"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "essayist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；一篇关于某主题的文章用an essay on。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "essay"
 },
 {
  "w": "pub",
  "uk": "/pʌb/",
  "us": "/pʌb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酒馆；酒吧",
    "en": "A place serving alcoholic drinks and often meals, especially in Britain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had vegetable soup at the village pub.",
    "zh": "我们在村里的酒馆喝了蔬菜汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In some rural communities, the local pub provides an important meeting place for residents.",
    "zh": "在一些乡村社区，当地酒馆为居民提供了重要的聚会场所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a local pub｜当地酒馆",
   "a village pub｜乡村酒馆",
   "pub food｜酒馆餐食"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pub多见于英国语境，常供应餐食，不等于旅馆。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pub"
 },
 {
  "w": "kid",
  "uk": "/kɪd/",
  "us": "/kɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小孩；孩子",
    "en": "A child or young person, in informal language."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开玩笑；戏弄",
    "en": "Say something playfully that is not meant to be believed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小山羊",
    "en": "A young goat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kids built a tiny bridge across the stream.",
    "zh": "孩子们在小溪上搭了一座小桥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Outdoor activities can help kids develop social skills while improving their physical health.",
    "zh": "户外活动可以帮助孩子们发展社交技能，同时改善身体健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "young kids｜年幼的孩子",
   "just kidding｜只是开玩笑",
   "kid around｜闹着玩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "kidding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "child",
   "youngster",
   "joke"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "kid较口语；正式作文中“孩子”宜用child。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kid"
 },
 {
  "w": "manage",
  "uk": "/ˈmænɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈmænɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "设法做到",
    "en": "To succeed in doing something, especially something difficult."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "管理；经营",
    "en": "To direct or control a business, team, or activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "应付；支撑下去",
    "en": "To cope with a situation despite difficulties or limited resources."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I managed to carry all the bags upstairs.",
    "zh": "我总算把所有袋子都提上了楼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many students manage to balance academic demands with paid employment by planning their weekly schedules carefully.",
    "zh": "许多学生通过仔细安排每周日程，设法兼顾学业要求与有薪工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "manage to do something｜设法做成某事",
   "manage a team｜管理团队",
   "manage your time｜管理时间",
   "manage without help｜独自应付"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "manager (n.)",
   "management (n.)",
   "manageable (adj.)",
   "unmanageable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "manage to do表示成功做成，不只是尝试。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "manage"
 },
 {
  "w": "circus",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːkəs/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːkəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "马戏团；马戏表演",
    "en": "A group or show featuring acrobats, clowns, and other performers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the circus performers juggle brightly coloured balls.",
    "zh": "我们看着马戏演员抛接色彩鲜艳的球。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern circus performances can preserve traditional entertainment skills while creating opportunities for artists from diverse backgrounds.",
    "zh": "现代马戏表演既能保留传统娱乐技艺，也能为不同背景的艺术工作者创造机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "circus performer｜马戏演员",
   "circus tent｜马戏帐篷",
   "circus act｜马戏节目",
   "travelling circus｜巡回马戏团"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指马戏团或表演；复数为circuses。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "circus"
 },
 {
  "w": "tourist",
  "uk": "/ˈtʊərɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈtʊrɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "游客；观光者",
    "en": "Someone who visits places for pleasure rather than work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tourist asked me how to reach the castle.",
    "zh": "一位游客问我怎么去城堡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Large numbers of tourists support local businesses but can also place pressure on public transport.",
    "zh": "大量游客为当地企业带来生意，但也可能给公共交通造成压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tourist attraction｜旅游景点",
   "tourist destination｜旅游目的地",
   "tourist information｜旅游咨询信息",
   "overseas tourists｜海外游客"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tourism (n.)",
   "tour (n.)",
   "tour (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "visitor",
   "sightseer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tourist通常是名词，在tourist attraction中修饰名词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tourist"
 },
 {
  "w": "fork",
  "uk": "/fɔːk/",
  "us": "/fɔːrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "餐叉；叉子",
    "en": "A tool with pointed prongs for picking up food"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "岔路口；分叉处",
    "en": "A place where a road or path divides"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分叉",
    "en": "Divide into separate branches or directions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She picked up a carrot with her fork.",
    "zh": "她用餐叉叉起了一块胡萝卜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Where a rural path forks, clear directions can prevent visitors from entering environmentally sensitive areas.",
    "zh": "在乡间小路分叉处提供清晰指引，可以防止游客进入生态敏感区域。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a knife and fork｜一副刀叉",
   "a fork in the road｜道路岔口",
   "fork left｜向左岔开"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "道路forks表示分叉；a fork in the road指岔路口。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fork"
 },
 {
  "w": "waste",
  "uk": "/weɪst/",
  "us": "/weɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "浪费",
    "en": "Use more of something than necessary or without useful results."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "废物；垃圾",
    "en": "Unwanted material left after something has been used or made."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "浪费",
    "en": "An unnecessary or unproductive use of time, money, or resources."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Don't waste water by leaving the tap running.",
    "zh": "别让水龙头一直开着，白白浪费水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing household waste requires both convenient recycling facilities and greater public awareness of responsible consumption.",
    "zh": "减少生活垃圾既需要便利的回收设施，也需要提高公众的负责任消费意识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "waste time｜浪费时间",
   "a waste of money｜浪费金钱",
   "household waste｜生活垃圾",
   "food waste｜食物浪费"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wasteful (adj.)",
   "wastefully (adv.)",
   "wastage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "squander",
   "rubbish"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "conserve"
  ],
  "tip": "用waste time doing sth，通常不用to do。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "waste"
 },
 {
  "w": "president",
  "uk": "/ˈprezɪdənt/",
  "us": "/ˈprezɪdənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "总统",
    "en": "the head of state in a country without a monarch"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "主席；总裁；大学校长",
    "en": "the person leading an organisation, company, club, or university"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The president waved to the crowd outside the palace.",
    "zh": "总统向宫殿外的人群挥手致意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The newly elected president promised to improve public healthcare and expand access to affordable education.",
    "zh": "新当选的总统承诺改善公共医疗，并扩大可负担教育的覆盖范围。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "elect a president｜选举总统",
   "presidential election｜总统选举",
   "university president｜大学校长",
   "vice president｜副总统；副总裁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "presidential (adj.)",
   "presidency (n.)",
   "preside (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指总统，也可指机构负责人；具体译法看语境。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "president"
 },
 {
  "w": "barber",
  "uk": "/ˈbɑːbə/",
  "us": "/ˈbɑːrbɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "理发师（主要为男士）",
    "en": "Someone who cuts men's hair and trims or shaves beards."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The barber trimmed my hair before the wedding.",
    "zh": "婚礼前，理发师给我修剪了头发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local businesses, such as a neighbourhood barber, provide essential services and create opportunities for informal social interaction.",
    "zh": "社区理发师等本地商家提供基本服务，也为非正式社交创造机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go to the barber's｜去理发店",
   "a barber shop｜男士理发店",
   "a barber's chair｜理发椅"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "barbering (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hairdresser"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "barber主要为男士理发修面；barber's可指理发店。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "barber"
 },
 {
  "w": "asleep",
  "uk": "/əˈsliːp/",
  "us": "/əˈsliːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "睡着的",
    "en": "Sleeping rather than awake."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The baby was asleep before we reached home.",
    "zh": "我们还没到家，宝宝就睡着了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who use electronic devices late at night may find it harder to fall asleep.",
    "zh": "深夜使用电子设备的人可能更难入睡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fall asleep｜入睡",
   "fast asleep｜熟睡的",
   "stay asleep｜保持睡眠状态"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sleep (v.)",
   "sleep (n.)",
   "sleepy (adj.)",
   "sleepless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sleeping"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "awake"
  ],
  "tip": "asleep通常作表语；“熟睡的婴儿”用a sleeping baby。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "asleep"
 },
 {
  "w": "reporter",
  "uk": "/rɪˈpɔːtə/",
  "us": "/rɪˈpɔːrtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "记者",
    "en": "Someone who gathers and presents news for the public."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A reporter interviewed the coach after the match.",
    "zh": "比赛结束后，一名记者采访了教练。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A responsible reporter checks information carefully before publishing stories that could influence public opinion on important social issues.",
    "zh": "负责任的记者在发表可能影响公众对重要社会问题看法的报道之前，会仔细核实信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "news reporter｜新闻记者",
   "television reporter｜电视记者",
   "sports reporter｜体育记者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "report (v.)",
   "reporting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "journalist"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "reporter侧重新闻采访报道；journalist涵盖范围更广。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reporter"
 },
 {
  "w": "queen",
  "uk": "/kwiːn/",
  "us": "/kwiːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女王；王后",
    "en": "A female monarch, or the wife of a king."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蜂王；蚁后",
    "en": "The main egg-laying female in a social insect colony."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "国际象棋中的后",
    "en": "The chess piece that moves any distance in any direction."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The queen waved to the crowd from her carriage.",
    "zh": "女王从马车里向人群挥手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In some constitutional monarchies, the queen performs ceremonial duties while elected representatives make political decisions.",
    "zh": "在一些君主立宪制国家，女王履行礼仪职责，而民选代表作出政治决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "queen bee｜蜂王",
   "the reigning queen｜在位女王",
   "king and queen｜国王与王后"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "queenship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "queen 可指统治国家的女王，也可指国王的妻子。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "queen"
 },
 {
  "w": "teaching",
  "uk": "/ˈtiːtʃɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈtiːtʃɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "教学；教师职业",
    "en": "The work of helping people learn knowledge or skills."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "教义；学说",
    "en": "Ideas or principles taught by a person or tradition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her love of teaching began at a small village school.",
    "zh": "她对教学的热爱始于一所小乡村学校。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective teaching should combine clear explanations with practical activities that encourage students to apply their knowledge independently.",
    "zh": "有效的教学应将清晰的讲解与实践活动结合起来，鼓励学生独立运用知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "teaching methods｜教学方法",
   "teaching materials｜教学材料",
   "teaching experience｜教学经验",
   "a career in teaching｜教师职业生涯"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "teach (v.)",
   "teacher (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "instruction"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指教学时不可数；指教义或学说常用teachings。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "teaching"
 },
 {
  "w": "physics",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪzɪks/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪzɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "物理学",
    "en": "the science of matter, energy, forces, and their interactions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our physics teacher showed us how magnets attract iron.",
    "zh": "我们的物理老师演示了磁铁如何吸引铁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A strong understanding of physics can help engineers develop safer buildings and more efficient transport systems.",
    "zh": "扎实的物理学知识能帮助工程师设计更安全的建筑和更高效的交通系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study physics｜学习物理学",
   "the laws of physics｜物理定律",
   "nuclear physics｜核物理学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "physicist (n.)",
   "physical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "虽以s结尾，仍作不可数名词，谓语用单数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "physics"
 },
 {
  "w": "check-out",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃek aʊt/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃek aʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结账离店；退房",
    "en": "The process of paying and leaving a hotel"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "最晚退房时间",
    "en": "The latest time guests must leave their hotel rooms"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We left our bags at reception after check-out.",
    "zh": "退房后，我们把行李留在了前台。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible check-out times can improve the travel experience for families with young children.",
    "zh": "灵活的退房时间可以改善带幼儿出行家庭的旅行体验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "late check-out｜延迟退房",
   "check-out time｜退房时间",
   "express check-out｜快速退房"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "check out (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "check-in"
  ],
  "tip": "名词也写作checkout；动词用check out。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "check-out"
 },
 {
  "w": "develop",
  "uk": "/dɪˈveləp/",
  "us": "/dɪˈveləp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发展；成长；培养",
    "en": "to grow or make something stronger, larger, or more advanced"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开发；研制",
    "en": "to create a new product, method, or idea"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逐渐出现；患上",
    "en": "to begin to have a condition, problem, or feeling"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Children develop confidence when they try new activities.",
    "zh": "孩子们尝试新活动时会逐渐建立自信。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should fund research to develop affordable technologies that address water shortages in rural communities.",
    "zh": "政府应资助研究，开发价格可负担的技术，以解决农村社区的缺水问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "develop skills｜培养技能",
   "develop a habit｜养成习惯",
   "develop new technology｜开发新技术",
   "develop symptoms｜出现症状"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "development (n.)",
   "developer (n.)",
   "developing (adj.)",
   "developed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可及物也可不及物：develop skills；skills develop。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "develop"
 },
 {
  "w": "jogging",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒɒɡɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒɑːɡɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "慢跑",
    "en": "Running slowly and steadily as a form of exercise."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She goes jogging around the park before breakfast.",
    "zh": "她早饭前会绕着公园慢跑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular jogging can improve physical fitness, especially when combined with a balanced diet and adequate rest.",
    "zh": "经常慢跑可以改善体能，尤其是在配合均衡饮食和充足休息的情况下。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go jogging｜去慢跑",
   "jogging shoes｜慢跑鞋",
   "jogging route｜慢跑路线"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jog (v.)",
   "jogger (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "jog变为jogging时须双写g。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jogging"
 },
 {
  "w": "prepare",
  "uk": "/prɪˈpeə/",
  "us": "/prɪˈper/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "准备；做好准备",
    "en": "Make someone or something ready for an activity or situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "制作；拟订",
    "en": "Make food, a document, or a plan ready for use"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I prepare my lunch before leaving home each morning.",
    "zh": "我每天早上出门前都会准备好午餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should prepare students for employment by developing practical skills alongside their academic knowledge.",
    "zh": "学校应在传授学术知识的同时培养实用技能，让学生为就业做好准备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prepare for an exam｜准备考试",
   "prepare a meal｜准备饭菜",
   "prepare a report｜撰写报告",
   "prepare to leave｜准备离开"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "preparation (n.)",
   "prepared (adj.)",
   "preparatory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "get ready"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "prepare for后接名词；prepare to后接动词原形。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prepare"
 },
 {
  "w": "Swiss",
  "uk": "/swɪs/",
  "us": "/swɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "瑞士的；瑞士人的",
    "en": "Relating to Switzerland, its people, or their culture."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瑞士人（统称）",
    "en": "The people of Switzerland, considered as a group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We enjoyed Swiss cheese during our picnic by the lake.",
    "zh": "我们在湖边野餐时品尝了瑞士奶酪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Swiss railways demonstrate how reliable public transport can connect remote mountain communities and support sustainable tourism.",
    "zh": "瑞士铁路展示了可靠的公共交通如何连接偏远山区社区并支持可持续旅游。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Swiss cheese｜瑞士奶酪",
   "Swiss Alps｜瑞士阿尔卑斯山",
   "Swiss watches｜瑞士手表"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Switzerland (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母须大写；the Swiss统称瑞士人，不加s。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "swiss"
 },
 {
  "w": "mug",
  "uk": "/mʌɡ/",
  "us": "/mʌɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大柄杯；马克杯",
    "en": "a large cup with a handle, usually for hot drinks"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拦路抢劫",
    "en": "to attack someone in public and steal from them"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I warmed my hands around a mug of tea.",
    "zh": "我双手捧着一大杯茶取暖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing reusable mugs in offices can reduce the waste generated by disposable cups each day.",
    "zh": "在办公室提供可重复使用的杯子，可以减少每天由一次性杯子产生的垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a mug of coffee｜一大杯咖啡",
   "ceramic mug｜陶瓷马克杯",
   "get mugged｜遭到抢劫"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mugger (n.)",
   "mugging (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mug通常有柄、较大；作动词可指拦路抢劫。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mug"
 },
 {
  "w": "sand",
  "uk": "/sænd/",
  "us": "/sænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "沙；沙子",
    "en": "Tiny loose grains of rock found on beaches and in deserts."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用砂纸打磨",
    "en": "To make a surface smooth by rubbing it with sandpaper."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children built a castle from wet sand.",
    "zh": "孩子们用湿沙堆了一座城堡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Removing sand from riverbeds for construction can damage habitats and increase the risk of erosion.",
    "zh": "为建筑工程开采河床中的沙子可能破坏栖息地，并增加侵蚀风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fine sand｜细沙",
   "a grain of sand｜一粒沙",
   "sand dunes｜沙丘",
   "sand down｜打磨平整"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sandy (adj.)",
   "sandpaper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示沙子时不可数；一粒沙用a grain of sand。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sand"
 },
 {
  "w": "raincoat",
  "uk": "/ˈreɪnkəʊt/",
  "us": "/ˈreɪnkoʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雨衣",
    "en": "A coat that keeps your clothes dry in the rain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I grabbed my raincoat before stepping into the rain.",
    "zh": "走进雨中之前，我一把拿起了雨衣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Travellers visiting regions with unpredictable weather should carry a lightweight raincoat to stay comfortable during outdoor activities.",
    "zh": "前往天气多变地区的旅行者应携带轻便雨衣，以便在户外活动时保持舒适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "waterproof raincoat｜防水雨衣",
   "lightweight raincoat｜轻便雨衣",
   "put on a raincoat｜穿上雨衣"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英美英语都使用raincoat，并非仅限美式。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "raincoat"
 },
 {
  "w": "diary",
  "uk": "/ˈdaɪəri/",
  "us": "/ˈdaɪəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "日记；日记簿",
    "en": "A book containing personal accounts of daily events and feelings."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "日程簿",
    "en": "A book used to record appointments and future plans."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I write in my diary before going to bed.",
    "zh": "我睡前会写日记。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Keeping a learning diary encourages students to reflect on their progress and identify difficulties.",
    "zh": "坚持写学习日记能鼓励学生反思自己的进步并发现困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep a diary｜记日记",
   "diary entry｜一篇日记",
   "personal diary｜私人日记"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "journal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "diary是日记，dairy是乳制品；注意字母顺序。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diary"
 },
 {
  "w": "motorcycle",
  "uk": "/ˈməʊtəsaɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmoʊtərsaɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "摩托车",
    "en": "A motor vehicle with two wheels, usually for one or two."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "骑摩托车",
    "en": "To travel by motorcycle."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He parked his motorcycle beside the garden gate.",
    "zh": "他把摩托车停在花园门旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although motorcycles require less parking space than cars, riders are more exposed to injury in road accidents.",
    "zh": "尽管摩托车所需的停车空间比汽车小，骑手在交通事故中却更容易受伤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ride a motorcycle｜骑摩托车",
   "motorcycle helmet｜摩托车头盔",
   "motorcycle licence｜摩托车驾驶证"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "motorcyclist (n.)",
   "motorcycling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "motorbike"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "骑摩托车用ride，通常不用drive。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "motorcycle"
 },
 {
  "w": "hold",
  "uk": "/həʊld/",
  "us": "/hoʊld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "握住；拿着",
    "en": "to keep something in your hands or arms"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "举行；召开",
    "en": "to organise an event or meeting"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "容纳；装得下",
    "en": "to have enough space for something or someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you hold my bag while I tie my shoes?",
    "zh": "我系鞋带时，你能帮我拿一下包吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local councils should hold public meetings before making major changes to transport services.",
    "zh": "地方议会在对交通服务作出重大调整之前，应当召开公众会议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hold hands｜手拉手",
   "hold a meeting｜召开会议",
   "hold your breath｜屏住呼吸",
   "hold up to｜最多容纳"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "holder (n.)",
   "holding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式、过去分词均为held；举行会议用hold。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hold"
 },
 {
  "w": "reception",
  "uk": "/rɪˈsepʃən/",
  "us": "/rɪˈsepʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "接待处；服务台",
    "en": "the area where visitors are welcomed and given information"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "招待会；欢迎会",
    "en": "a formal social event held to welcome or celebrate someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "接收效果；反响",
    "en": "how well signals are received, or how people respond"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please leave your room key at reception before breakfast.",
    "zh": "请在早餐前把房间钥匙留在前台。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposal received a positive reception from local residents because it addressed their concerns about road safety.",
    "zh": "这项提议回应了当地居民对道路安全的担忧，因此获得了积极反响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reception desk｜接待台",
   "wedding reception｜婚宴",
   "poor reception｜信号接收差",
   "warm reception｜热情欢迎"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "receptionist (n.)",
   "receive (v.)",
   "receptive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语常说at reception，表示在接待处。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reception"
 },
 {
  "w": "foreign",
  "uk": "/ˈfɒrən/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "外国的；来自国外的",
    "en": "From or relating to a country other than your own."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "异物的；外来的",
    "en": "Present where it does not naturally belong."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "陌生的；不相符的",
    "en": "Unfamiliar to someone or inconsistent with something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister enjoys learning foreign languages in her spare time.",
    "zh": "我姐姐喜欢在空闲时间学习外语。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Foreign investment can create jobs, but governments should ensure that local communities also benefit from economic growth.",
    "zh": "外国投资可以创造就业机会，但政府应确保当地社区也能从经济增长中受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "foreign language｜外语",
   "foreign investment｜外国投资",
   "foreign policy｜外交政策",
   "foreign body｜异物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "foreigner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "overseas"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "domestic"
  ],
  "tip": "foreign to可指对某人陌生，或与某事不相符。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "foreign"
 },
 {
  "w": "earth",
  "uk": "/ɜːθ/",
  "us": "/ɝːθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地球",
    "en": "the planet where humans and other known living things exist"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "泥土；土壤",
    "en": "the loose material on the ground in which plants grow"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children dug into the damp earth with small spades.",
    "zh": "孩子们用小铲子挖开湿润的泥土。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Life on earth depends on healthy ecosystems that provide clean water, food, and breathable air.",
    "zh": "地球上的生命依赖于能够提供洁净水源、食物和可呼吸空气的健康生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on earth｜在地球上",
   "planet Earth｜地球",
   "damp earth｜湿润的泥土"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "earthy (adj.)",
   "earthly (adj.)",
   "earthen (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "soil",
   "ground"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指行星时常写Earth；on earth中不加the。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "earth"
 },
 {
  "w": "packet",
  "uk": "/ˈpækɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈpækɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小包；小袋；小盒",
    "en": "A small container or wrapped quantity of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "数据包",
    "en": "A small unit of data transmitted across a network."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She opened a packet of biscuits for the journey.",
    "zh": "她打开了一包饼干，准备在路上吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Charging customers for each packet of disposable utensils could encourage more sustainable habits in the food industry.",
    "zh": "对每包一次性餐具收费，可以推动餐饮行业形成更可持续的习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a packet of biscuits｜一包饼干",
   "seed packet｜种子袋",
   "data packet｜数据包"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pack (v.)",
   "packaging (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pack"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常用a packet of；美式常依物品用pack或bag。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "packet"
 },
 {
  "w": "skateboard",
  "uk": "/ˈskeɪtbɔːd/",
  "us": "/ˈskeɪtbɔːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "滑板",
    "en": "A narrow board with small wheels, ridden standing up."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "玩滑板；滑行",
    "en": "To move or perform tricks on a skateboard."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He carried his skateboard home when the rain started.",
    "zh": "开始下雨时，他抱着滑板回家了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing dedicated areas for skateboard users can encourage physical activity while reducing conflicts with pedestrians in public spaces.",
    "zh": "为滑板使用者提供专用区域，可以鼓励体育活动，同时减少公共空间中与行人的冲突。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ride a skateboard｜玩滑板",
   "skateboard tricks｜滑板技巧",
   "a skateboard park｜滑板公园"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "skateboarding (n.)",
   "skateboarder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "skateboard无扶手；scooter通常有扶手。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "skateboard"
 },
 {
  "w": "motorway",
  "uk": "/ˈməʊtəweɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈmoʊtərweɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "高速公路",
    "en": "a wide road designed for fast travel over long distances"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We left the motorway and stopped for lunch.",
    "zh": "我们驶离高速公路，停下来吃午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building a new motorway may reduce journey times, but it can also damage nearby wildlife habitats.",
    "zh": "修建新的高速公路可能缩短行程时间，但也会破坏附近的野生动物栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "motorway junction｜高速公路交叉口",
   "motorway services｜高速公路服务区",
   "join the motorway｜驶入高速公路"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "freeway",
   "expressway"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要用于英式英语；美式常用freeway。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "motorway"
 },
 {
  "w": "European",
  "uk": "/ˌjʊərəˈpiːən/",
  "us": "/ˌjʊrəˈpiːən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "欧洲的；欧洲人的",
    "en": "Relating to Europe or its people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "欧洲人",
    "en": "A person from Europe."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We explored several European cities during our summer holiday.",
    "zh": "暑假期间，我们游览了几座欧洲城市。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many European countries have invested in railway networks to reduce dependence on short domestic flights.",
    "zh": "许多欧洲国家投资建设铁路网，以减少对短途国内航班的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "European countries｜欧洲国家",
   "European culture｜欧洲文化",
   "the European Union｜欧洲联盟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Europe (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母大写；前用a而非an，不等同于欧盟的。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "european"
 },
 {
  "w": "pain",
  "uk": "/peɪn/",
  "us": "/peɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疼痛",
    "en": "an unpleasant physical feeling caused by injury or illness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "悲痛；痛苦",
    "en": "strong emotional suffering caused by loss or distress"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使痛苦；使难过",
    "en": "to cause someone emotional suffering"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt a sharp pain in my left ankle.",
    "zh": "我的左脚踝感到一阵剧痛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular exercise may reduce back pain among office workers who remain seated for long periods.",
    "zh": "经常锻炼可能减轻长时间久坐的办公室职员的背痛。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sharp pain｜剧痛；刺痛",
   "chronic pain｜慢性疼痛",
   "relieve pain｜缓解疼痛",
   "emotional pain｜情感上的痛苦"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "painful (adj.)",
   "painless (adj.)",
   "painfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ache",
   "suffering"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指疼痛常不可数；具体一阵疼痛可用a pain。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pain"
 },
 {
  "w": "definitely",
  "uk": "/ˈdefɪnətli/",
  "us": "/ˈdefɪnətli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "肯定地；确实；当然",
    "en": "certainly, with no doubt about something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I will definitely bring an umbrella after yesterday's rain.",
    "zh": "昨天下过雨后，我今天肯定会带伞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved insulation will definitely reduce heat loss, although total energy savings depend on household behaviour.",
    "zh": "改善隔热性能肯定能减少热量流失，不过总节能量取决于住户的行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "definitely worth｜绝对值得",
   "definitely agree｜完全赞同",
   "definitely not｜绝对不"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "definite (adj.)",
   "definiteness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "certainly",
   "undoubtedly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "possibly"
  ],
  "tip": "拼写是definitely；不要与defiantly混淆。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "definitely"
 },
 {
  "w": "mile",
  "uk": "/maɪl/",
  "us": "/maɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英里",
    "en": "A unit of distance equal to approximately 1.61 kilometres."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nearest swimming pool is only a mile away.",
    "zh": "最近的游泳池只有一英里远。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing short car journeys with walking even one mile could improve public health and reduce emissions.",
    "zh": "用步行替代短途驾车，哪怕只走一英里，也能改善公众健康并减少排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a mile away｜一英里远",
   "square mile｜平方英里",
   "miles per hour｜英里每小时"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mileage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英里是距离单位；mile可数，复数加s。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mile"
 },
 {
  "w": "windy",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪndi/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪndi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "风大的；多风的",
    "en": "Having a lot of wind."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was too windy to eat lunch outside today.",
    "zh": "今天风太大，没法在外面吃午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Windy coastal regions can generate renewable electricity, although turbines must be positioned carefully to protect wildlife.",
    "zh": "多风的沿海地区可以生产可再生电力，但风力涡轮机必须谨慎选址，以保护野生动物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "windy weather｜大风天气",
   "a windy day｜刮大风的一天",
   "windy conditions｜多风的环境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wind (n.)",
   "windless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "blustery"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm"
  ],
  "tip": "天气义读/ˈwɪndi/；描述道路蜿蜒通常用winding。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "windy"
 },
 {
  "w": "somewhere",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌmweə/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌmwer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在某处；到某处",
    "en": "in or to a place that is not specified"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "大约",
    "en": "approximately, when used before an amount or range"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left my keys somewhere near the sofa.",
    "zh": "我把钥匙落在沙发附近的某个地方了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Young people need somewhere affordable to live before they can fully participate in the local economy.",
    "zh": "年轻人需要有负担得起的住所，才能充分参与当地的经济活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "somewhere else｜别处",
   "somewhere quiet｜某个安静的地方",
   "somewhere around｜大约"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "nowhere"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词放后面：somewhere quiet；前面通常不加to。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "somewhere"
 },
 {
  "w": "calculator",
  "uk": "/ˈkælkjəleɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈkælkjəleɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计算器",
    "en": "A device or application used for mathematical calculations"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I used a calculator to check the shopping total.",
    "zh": "我用计算器核对了购物总额。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Allowing students to use a calculator can help them focus on solving more complex mathematical problems.",
    "zh": "允许学生使用计算器，可以帮助他们专注于解决更复杂的数学问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "use a calculator｜使用计算器",
   "scientific calculator｜科学计算器",
   "pocket calculator｜袖珍计算器"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "calculate (v.)",
   "calculation (n.)",
   "calculable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "calculator指工具；calculation指计算过程或结果。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "calculator"
 },
 {
  "w": "moon",
  "uk": "/muːn/",
  "us": "/muːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "月亮；月球",
    "en": "the natural object that moves around Earth"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天然卫星",
    "en": "a natural object that moves around a planet"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The moon rose slowly above the trees behind our house.",
    "zh": "月亮在我们屋后的树梢上缓缓升起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Research on the moon may help scientists understand how Earth and other rocky planets formed.",
    "zh": "对月球的研究可能帮助科学家了解地球和其他岩石行星的形成过程。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "full moon｜满月",
   "crescent moon｜新月；月牙",
   "the surface of the moon｜月球表面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "moonlight (n.)",
   "moonlit (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指地球的月亮通常用the moon；其他行星的卫星可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "moon"
 },
 {
  "w": "such",
  "uk": "/sʌtʃ/",
  "us": "/sʌtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "这样的；这类的",
    "en": "of the kind already mentioned or being described"
   },
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "如此的；这么的",
    "en": "used to emphasise a quality or degree before a noun"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was such a lovely day that we ate outside.",
    "zh": "天气如此宜人，我们就在外面吃了饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many cities face severe traffic congestion, and such problems require coordinated investment in public transport.",
    "zh": "许多城市面临严重的交通拥堵，这类问题需要统筹公共交通投资来解决。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "such as｜例如",
   "such a pity｜真可惜",
   "such problems｜这类问题",
   "such ... that ...｜如此……以至于……"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单数可数名词前用such a/an；so后直接接形容词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "such"
 },
 {
  "w": "beat",
  "uk": "/biːt/",
  "us": "/biːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打败；胜过",
    "en": "To defeat someone in a game, competition, or contest."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "反复敲打；跳动",
    "en": "To hit repeatedly, or move with a regular rhythm."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "节拍；有节奏的敲击",
    "en": "A regular pulse of sound or movement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister beat me at chess again yesterday.",
    "zh": "我姐姐昨天又下棋赢了我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Athletes need consistent training and psychological support to beat their strongest competitors in international events.",
    "zh": "运动员需要持续训练和心理支持，才能在国际赛事中击败最强劲的对手。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "beat an opponent｜击败对手",
   "beat a record｜打破纪录",
   "a steady beat｜稳定的节拍",
   "beat an egg｜打鸡蛋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "beaten (adj.)",
   "unbeaten (adj.)",
   "beater (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "defeat"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lose to"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式 beat，过去分词 beaten；赢比赛用 win。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beat"
 },
 {
  "w": "petrol",
  "uk": "/ˈpetrəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpetrəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汽油",
    "en": "a liquid fuel used in cars and other engines"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stopped for petrol before driving into the mountains.",
    "zh": "开车进山前，我们停车加了汽油。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Higher petrol prices may encourage commuters to use public transport rather than drive to work.",
    "zh": "汽油价格上涨可能促使通勤者乘坐公共交通，而不是开车上班。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "petrol station｜加油站",
   "unleaded petrol｜无铅汽油",
   "petrol prices｜汽油价格",
   "run out of petrol｜汽油用尽"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "gasoline"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；英式用petrol，美式用gasoline或gas。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "petrol"
 },
 {
  "w": "salary",
  "uk": "/ˈsæləri/",
  "us": "/ˈsæləri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "薪水；薪金",
    "en": "A fixed regular payment for work, often expressed yearly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her new job offers a higher salary and shorter hours.",
    "zh": "她的新工作薪水更高，工时也更短。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although salary influences career choices, many graduates also value job security and opportunities for professional development.",
    "zh": "虽然薪水会影响职业选择，但许多毕业生也重视工作保障和职业发展机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "annual salary｜年薪",
   "starting salary｜起薪",
   "salary increase｜加薪",
   "competitive salary｜有竞争力的薪酬"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "salaried (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pay"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "salary指固定薪金；wages常指按时或按周计算的工资。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "salary"
 },
 {
  "w": "voice",
  "uk": "/vɔɪs/",
  "us": "/vɔɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "嗓音；说话声",
    "en": "The sound someone makes when speaking or singing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发言权；影响力",
    "en": "The right or opportunity to express opinions and influence decisions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表达；吐露",
    "en": "To express an opinion, feeling, or concern."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her gentle voice helped the frightened puppy settle down.",
    "zh": "她温柔的声音让受惊的小狗安静了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public consultations give local residents a voice in decisions that directly affect their communities.",
    "zh": "公众咨询让当地居民有机会参与直接影响其社区的决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "raise your voice｜提高嗓门",
   "a voice in decisions｜决策中的发言权",
   "voice concerns｜表达担忧",
   "lose your voice｜嗓子失声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "voiced (adj.)",
   "voiceless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "voice侧重人的嗓音；sound泛指声音。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "voice"
 },
 {
  "w": "king",
  "uk": "/kɪŋ/",
  "us": "/kɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "国王",
    "en": "a male ruler who usually inherits his position"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The king waved to the crowd from his carriage.",
    "zh": "国王从马车上向人群挥手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In some countries, the king performs ceremonial duties while elected representatives make political decisions.",
    "zh": "在一些国家，国王履行礼仪职责，而民选代表作出政治决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "become king｜成为国王",
   "crown a king｜为国王加冕",
   "the king's reign｜国王的统治时期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "kingdom (n.)",
   "kingship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "monarch"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "king指男性君主；queen可指女王或王后。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "king"
 },
 {
  "w": "difference",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪfrəns/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪfrəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "差异；不同之处",
    "en": "A way in which people or things are not alike"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分歧；意见不合",
    "en": "A disagreement between people or groups"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "差额；差值",
    "en": "The amount by which one quantity exceeds another"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The main difference between these jackets is their weight.",
    "zh": "这两件夹克的主要区别在于重量。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Understanding cultural differences can help international students adapt more successfully to life in a new country.",
    "zh": "了解文化差异有助于留学生更顺利地适应新国家的生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the difference between｜……之间的区别",
   "make a difference｜产生影响",
   "a significant difference｜显著差异",
   "settle differences｜解决分歧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "different (adj.)",
   "differ (v.)",
   "differently (adv.)",
   "differentiate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "distinction",
   "dissimilarity"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "similarity"
  ],
  "tip": "比较两者用the difference between A and B。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "difference"
 },
 {
  "w": "hope",
  "uk": "/həʊp/",
  "us": "/hoʊp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "希望；期望",
    "en": "to want something to happen and believe it may happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "希望；期盼",
    "en": "a feeling that something wanted may happen"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I hope the rain stops before our picnic.",
    "zh": "我希望野餐前雨能停。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many graduates hope to find meaningful employment that allows them to contribute positively to society.",
    "zh": "许多毕业生希望找到有意义的工作，使自己能够为社会作出积极贡献。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hope to do something｜希望做某事",
   "hope for the best｜抱最好的希望",
   "give up hope｜放弃希望",
   "in the hope of｜怀着……的希望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hopeful (adj.)",
   "hopeless (adj.)",
   "hopefully (adv.)",
   "hopelessness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "despair"
  ],
  "tip": "可说hope to do，不说hope sb to do。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hope"
 },
 {
  "w": "guide",
  "uk": "/ɡaɪd/",
  "us": "/ɡaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "导游；向导",
    "en": "someone who leads people and explains places they visit"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "指南；入门书",
    "en": "a book or resource giving useful information or instructions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "引导；指导",
    "en": "to show someone the way or help them decide"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our guide led us through the narrow market streets.",
    "zh": "导游带我们穿过市场里狭窄的街道。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should guide students towards reliable sources rather than simply provide answers to every question.",
    "zh": "教师应引导学生寻找可靠的信息来源，而不是直接给出每个问题的答案。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tour guide｜导游",
   "a guide to｜……的指南",
   "guide someone through｜引导某人完成",
   "guided tour｜有导游带领的游览"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "guidance (n.)",
   "guided (adj.)",
   "guidebook (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指南用a guide to；指导某人完成用guide someone through。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "guide"
 },
 {
  "w": "metal",
  "uk": "/ˈmetl/",
  "us": "/ˈmetl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金属",
    "en": "a usually hard, shiny material that conducts heat and electricity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The metal handle felt cold against my fingers.",
    "zh": "金属把手摸起来冰凉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recycling metal reduces the demand for mining and can significantly lower energy consumption in manufacturing.",
    "zh": "回收金属可以减少采矿需求，并显著降低制造业的能源消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scrap metal｜废金属",
   "precious metal｜贵金属",
   "metal frame｜金属框架",
   "heavy metal｜重金属"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "metallic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指材料时不可数；指金属种类时可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "metal"
 },
 {
  "w": "bowl",
  "uk": "/bəʊl/",
  "us": "/boʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "碗；盆",
    "en": "a round, deep container used for food or liquids"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打保龄球；投球",
    "en": "to roll a bowling ball or deliver a cricket ball"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She warmed her hands around a bowl of soup.",
    "zh": "她双手捧着一碗汤取暖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Serving meals in smaller bowls may help people control portions and reduce unnecessary food waste.",
    "zh": "用较小的碗盛饭可能有助于人们控制食量，减少不必要的食物浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bowl of soup｜一碗汤",
   "mixing bowl｜搅拌碗",
   "salad bowl｜沙拉碗",
   "bowl a ball｜投球"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bowler (n.)",
   "bowling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a bowl of表示“一碗”；bowling指保龄球运动。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bowl"
 },
 {
  "w": "weekday",
  "uk": "/ˈwiːkdeɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈwiːkdeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工作日；周一至周五",
    "en": "any day from Monday to Friday"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The swimming pool is quieter on weekday mornings.",
    "zh": "游泳池在工作日的早晨比较安静。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Extending library opening hours on weekdays would benefit students who work during the day.",
    "zh": "延长图书馆工作日的开放时间，将有利于白天工作的学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on weekdays｜在工作日",
   "weekday mornings｜工作日早晨",
   "a weekday service｜工作日班次"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "weekend"
  ],
  "tip": "指周一至周五，不保证当天实际上需要上班。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "weekday"
 },
 {
  "w": "provide",
  "uk": "/prəˈvaɪd/",
  "us": "/prəˈvaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提供；供应",
    "en": "To give someone something they need or make it available."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "供养；赡养",
    "en": "To support someone financially by supplying what they need."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The campsite provides clean towels and blankets for every guest.",
    "zh": "营地为每位客人提供干净的毛巾和毯子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should provide affordable public transport to ensure that all residents can access essential services.",
    "zh": "地方政府应提供价格可负担的公共交通，确保所有居民都能获得基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "provide support｜提供支持",
   "provide access to｜提供使用……的机会",
   "provide someone with something｜向某人提供某物",
   "provide for a family｜养家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "provider (n.)",
   "provision (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "supply",
   "offer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用provide sb with sth或provide sth for sb。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "provide"
 },
 {
  "w": "mall",
  "uk": "/mɔːl/",
  "us": "/mɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "购物中心",
    "en": "a large building or complex containing many shops"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent the rainy afternoon browsing in the mall.",
    "zh": "下雨的下午，我们一直在购物中心闲逛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A new shopping mall may create jobs, but it can also threaten small independent retailers.",
    "zh": "新的购物中心可能创造就业机会，但也可能威胁独立小零售商的生存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shopping mall｜购物中心",
   "indoor mall｜室内购物中心",
   "mall entrance｜购物中心入口"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "shopping centre"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mall常用于美式英语；英式常说shopping centre。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mall"
 },
 {
  "w": "hall",
  "uk": "/hɔːl/",
  "us": "/hɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "门厅；走廊",
    "en": "an entrance area or passage connecting rooms in a building"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "礼堂；大厅；会堂",
    "en": "a large room or building used for public gatherings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大学学生宿舍",
    "en": "a building where university students live"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please leave your wet shoes in the hall.",
    "zh": "请把湿鞋留在门厅里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The community hall provides an affordable space where residents can attend classes and organise local events.",
    "zh": "社区会堂为居民提供了一个价格实惠的场所，供他们上课和组织当地活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an entrance hall｜门厅",
   "a concert hall｜音乐厅",
   "a town hall｜市政厅",
   "halls of residence｜大学学生宿舍"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hallway (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语中，大学宿舍常称halls或halls of residence。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hall"
 },
 {
  "w": "helpful",
  "uk": "/ˈhelpfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈhelpfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有帮助的；有用的",
    "en": "Making something easier to do or understand."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "乐于助人的",
    "en": "Willing to help other people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your map was helpful when we explored the village.",
    "zh": "我们游览村庄时，你的地图帮了大忙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear feedback is particularly helpful for students who are learning to organise their ideas in academic essays.",
    "zh": "对于正在学习如何组织学术论文思路的学生来说，清晰的反馈尤其有帮助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "helpful advice｜有用的建议",
   "helpful information｜有用的信息",
   "helpful staff｜乐于助人的员工",
   "find something helpful｜觉得某物有帮助"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "help (v.)",
   "helper (n.)",
   "helpfully (adv.)",
   "helpfulness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "useful",
   "supportive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unhelpful"
  ],
  "tip": "helpful可形容事物有用，也可形容人乐于助人。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "helpful"
 },
 {
  "w": "Scotland",
  "uk": "/ˈskɒtlənd/",
  "us": "/ˈskɑːtlənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "苏格兰",
    "en": "A country in the northern part of Great Britain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We explored old castles during our holiday in Scotland.",
    "zh": "我们在苏格兰度假时游览了古老的城堡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scotland attracts visitors with its dramatic landscapes, while rural communities benefit from spending on accommodation and local services.",
    "zh": "苏格兰以壮丽的风景吸引游客，而乡村社区则受益于游客在住宿和当地服务上的消费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the west coast of Scotland｜苏格兰西海岸",
   "rural Scotland｜苏格兰乡村地区",
   "a trip to Scotland｜苏格兰之旅"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Scottish (adj.)",
   "Scot (n.)",
   "Scots (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "苏格兰是英国的组成部分；形容词通常用Scottish。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scotland"
 },
 {
  "w": "disease",
  "uk": "/dɪˈziːz/",
  "us": "/dɪˈziːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疾病",
    "en": "An illness affecting humans, animals or plants"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The vet checked our rabbit for signs of disease.",
    "zh": "兽医检查了我们的兔子，看是否有患病迹象。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to clean drinking water can significantly reduce the spread of infectious diseases in vulnerable communities.",
    "zh": "获得清洁饮用水可以显著减少传染病在脆弱社区中的传播。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heart disease｜心脏病",
   "infectious diseases｜传染病",
   "prevent disease｜预防疾病",
   "the spread of disease｜疾病传播"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "diseased (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "illness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "health"
  ],
  "tip": "重音在第二音节；泛指疾病可不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disease"
 },
 {
  "w": "noticeboard",
  "uk": "/ˈnəʊtɪsbɔːd/",
  "us": "/ˈnoʊtɪsbɔːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "布告栏；公告板",
    "en": "A board displaying announcements for people to read."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Someone pinned a lost cat poster to the noticeboard.",
    "zh": "有人把寻猫启事钉在了布告栏上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A shared noticeboard can help residents discover local events and participate more actively in community life.",
    "zh": "共用布告栏可以帮助居民了解当地活动，更积极地参与社区生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "community noticeboard｜社区布告栏",
   "on the noticeboard｜在布告栏上",
   "put up a noticeboard｜安装布告栏"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "bulletin board"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常用noticeboard，美式常用bulletin board。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "noticeboard"
 },
 {
  "w": "pick",
  "uk": "/pɪk/",
  "us": "/pɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挑选；选择",
    "en": "to choose someone or something from available options"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "采摘",
    "en": "to remove fruit or flowers from a plant"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "镐；鹤嘴锄",
    "en": "a tool with a pointed metal head for breaking hard ground"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can pick any colour for your new curtains.",
    "zh": "新窗帘的颜色你可以随便选。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should help students pick courses that match their interests rather than focus only on future earnings.",
    "zh": "学校应帮助学生选择符合兴趣的课程，而不是只关注未来收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pick a winner｜选出获胜者",
   "pick fruit｜采摘水果",
   "pick carefully｜仔细挑选",
   "take your pick｜随你挑选"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "picker (n.)",
   "picky (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "choose",
   "select"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pick可指挑选或采摘；捡起通常用pick up。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pick"
 },
 {
  "w": "garage",
  "uk": "/ˈɡærɑːʒ/",
  "us": "/ɡəˈrɑːʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "车库",
    "en": "A building or part of a building for keeping vehicles."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汽车修理厂",
    "en": "A business where vehicles are repaired and serviced."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We keep our car and bicycles in the garage.",
    "zh": "我们把汽车和自行车停在车库里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Converting an unused garage into living space can provide additional accommodation without requiring new land.",
    "zh": "将闲置车库改成居住空间，可以在不占用新土地的情况下增加住房。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "double garage｜双车位车库",
   "garage door｜车库门",
   "local garage｜当地汽车修理厂"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语也常用 garage 指汽车修理厂。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "garage"
 },
 {
  "w": "service",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːvɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːvɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "服务；公共服务",
    "en": "Help or useful work provided for people or customers."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "检修；保养",
    "en": "Check and repair a vehicle or machine to keep it working."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宗教仪式",
    "en": "A formal religious ceremony."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The friendly service made us feel welcome at the café.",
    "zh": "咖啡馆里热情的服务让我们感到宾至如归。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable bus services allow residents without cars to reach hospitals, schools and workplaces.",
    "zh": "可靠的公交服务让没有汽车的居民也能到达医院、学校和工作地点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "customer service｜客户服务",
   "public services｜公共服务",
   "service a car｜保养汽车",
   "religious service｜宗教仪式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "serve (v.)",
   "server (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示服务质量常不可数；各项服务可用复数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "service"
 },
 {
  "w": "classmate",
  "uk": "/ˈklɑːsmeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈklæsmeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "同班同学",
    "en": "Someone who studies in the same class as you."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My classmate lent me a pencil before the lesson.",
    "zh": "上课前，我的同班同学借给我一支铅笔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Working with classmates on group projects can help students develop communication and problem-solving skills.",
    "zh": "与同班同学合作完成小组项目可以帮助学生培养沟通和解决问题的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a former classmate｜以前的同班同学",
   "help a classmate｜帮助同班同学",
   "a new classmate｜新同学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "class (n.)",
   "classroom (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "classmate指同班同学，schoolmate指同校同学。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "classmate"
 },
 {
  "w": "visitor",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪzɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈvɪzɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "访客；参观者；游客",
    "en": "Someone who goes to see a person or place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A visitor left her umbrella beside our front door.",
    "zh": "一位访客把她的伞落在了我们前门旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The museum attracts international visitors by offering exhibitions that explore local history and culture.",
    "zh": "这家博物馆通过举办探究当地历史与文化的展览吸引国际游客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attract visitors｜吸引游客",
   "overseas visitors｜海外游客",
   "visitor centre｜游客中心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "visit (v.)",
   "visit (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "visitor指人；visit可作动词或名词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "visitor"
 },
 {
  "w": "kilometer",
  "uk": "/kɪˈlɒmɪtə/",
  "us": "/kɪˈlɑːmɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "千米；公里",
    "en": "a unit of distance equal to one thousand meters"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nearest bakery is about a kilometer from here.",
    "zh": "最近的面包店离这里大约一公里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing reliable public transport within a kilometer of residential areas could reduce dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "在居民区一公里范围内提供可靠的公共交通，可以减少人们对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a square kilometer｜一平方公里",
   "kilometers per hour｜公里每小时",
   "a kilometer away｜一公里远"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "kilometre"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式拼写；英式为kilometre，符号km不加s。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kilometer"
 },
 {
  "w": "death",
  "uk": "/deθ/",
  "us": "/deθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "死亡；去世",
    "en": "the end of a person's or animal's life"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old dog's death left the family deeply sad.",
    "zh": "老狗的离世让全家人深感悲伤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved access to clean drinking water has reduced deaths from preventable diseases in many communities.",
    "zh": "更便利地获得清洁饮用水，已减少了许多社区中可预防疾病导致的死亡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cause of death｜死因",
   "premature death｜过早死亡",
   "prevent deaths｜防止死亡",
   "death rate｜死亡率"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "die (v.)",
   "dead (adj.)",
   "deadly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "life"
  ],
  "tip": "die是动词，dead是形容词，death是名词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "death"
 },
 {
  "w": "pop",
  "uk": "/pɒp/",
  "us": "/pɑːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "流行音乐",
    "en": "popular music with catchy tunes and usually simple structures"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "爆开；发出砰声",
    "en": "to burst or make a short, sharp sound"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "短暂去；顺手放",
    "en": "to go somewhere briefly or put something somewhere quickly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister listens to pop while she cooks dinner.",
    "zh": "我姐姐做晚饭时会听流行音乐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Pop can introduce young listeners to other cultures, especially when artists combine different musical traditions.",
    "zh": "流行音乐可以让年轻听众了解其他文化，尤其是在艺人融合不同音乐传统时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pop music｜流行音乐",
   "pop a balloon｜弄爆气球",
   "pop into a shop｜顺便进店",
   "pop up｜突然出现"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示短暂去或顺手放时属非正式用法。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pop"
 },
 {
  "w": "cupboard",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌbəd/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌbɚd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "橱柜；壁橱",
    "en": "A cabinet with doors and shelves for storing things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The clean bowls are in the cupboard above the sink.",
    "zh": "干净的碗放在水槽上方的橱柜里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Well-designed cupboards can maximise storage space in small apartments without making living areas feel crowded.",
    "zh": "设计合理的橱柜可以充分利用小公寓的储物空间，又不会让起居区域显得拥挤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "kitchen cupboard｜厨房橱柜",
   "built-in cupboard｜嵌入式橱柜",
   "cupboard door｜橱柜门"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cabinet"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cupboard中的p不发音；通常指带门的储物柜。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cupboard"
 },
 {
  "w": "worse",
  "uk": "/wɜːs/",
  "us": "/wɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "更差的；更严重的",
    "en": "Less good or more unpleasant, harmful, or serious."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "更差地；更糟地",
    "en": "Less well or more badly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The weather grew worse as we climbed the hill.",
    "zh": "我们爬山时，天气变得更糟了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traffic congestion may become worse unless cities invest in reliable and affordable public transport.",
    "zh": "除非城市投资建设可靠且价格合理的公共交通，否则交通拥堵可能进一步恶化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get worse｜变得更糟",
   "even worse｜甚至更糟",
   "make matters worse｜使情况更糟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bad (adj.)",
   "badly (adv.)",
   "worst (adj.)",
   "worsen (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "better"
  ],
  "tip": "bad和badly的比较级；最高级是worst。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "worse"
 },
 {
  "w": "document",
  "uk": "/ˈdɒkjumənt/",
  "us": "/ˈdɑːkjumənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文件；证件；文档",
    "en": "a paper or digital record containing information"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "记录；记载",
    "en": "record information about something in writing, photographs, or other forms"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please save the document before you close your laptop.",
    "zh": "合上笔记本电脑之前，请保存文档。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should document changes in local wildlife to assess the environmental impact of urban development.",
    "zh": "研究人员应记录当地野生生物的变化，以评估城市开发对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "official document｜正式文件",
   "travel documents｜旅行证件",
   "save a document｜保存文档",
   "document changes｜记录变化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "documentation (n.)",
   "documentary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "record"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词末尾读/ment/，名词末尾读/mənt/。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "document"
 },
 {
  "w": "cricket",
  "uk": "/ˈkrɪkɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈkrɪkɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "板球运动",
    "en": "A team sport using a bat, ball, and wickets."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蟋蟀",
    "en": "A jumping insect that makes a chirping sound."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We played cricket in the park after lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭后，我们在公园里打板球。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Team sports such as cricket can help young people develop cooperation skills and build lasting friendships.",
    "zh": "板球等团队运动可以帮助年轻人培养合作能力，建立持久的友谊。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play cricket｜打板球",
   "a cricket match｜一场板球比赛",
   "a cricket bat｜板球球拍",
   "crickets chirping｜蟋蟀鸣叫"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cricketer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指板球运动时不可数；指蟋蟀时可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cricket"
 },
 {
  "w": "shark",
  "uk": "/ʃɑːk/",
  "us": "/ʃɑːrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鲨鱼",
    "en": "A fish with a cartilage skeleton and usually sharp teeth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "骗子；敲诈者",
    "en": "Someone who cheats others, especially to get their money."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a shark swim slowly behind the aquarium glass.",
    "zh": "我们看着一条鲨鱼在水族馆的玻璃后缓缓游动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting shark populations helps maintain balanced marine ecosystems because many species regulate the numbers of other animals.",
    "zh": "保护鲨鱼种群有助于维持海洋生态平衡，因为许多鲨鱼物种能调节其他动物的数量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shark fin｜鲨鱼鳍",
   "whale shark｜鲸鲨",
   "shark conservation｜鲨鱼保护",
   "loan shark｜放高利贷者"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "loan shark指放高利贷者，不是某种鲨鱼。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shark"
 },
 {
  "w": "cancel",
  "uk": "/ˈkænsəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkænsəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "取消；撤销",
    "en": "To decide that something planned will not happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抵消",
    "en": "To balance an opposing effect so neither changes the result."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had to cancel our picnic because of heavy rain.",
    "zh": "由于下大雨，我们不得不取消野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved energy efficiency may cancel out some environmental benefits if it encourages people to consume more.",
    "zh": "如果能源效率提高促使人们增加消费，就可能抵消部分环境效益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cancel a booking｜取消预订",
   "cancel a flight｜取消航班",
   "cancel out｜抵消"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cancellation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式过去式cancelled，美式常用canceled；抵消用out。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cancel"
 },
 {
  "w": "quality",
  "uk": "/ˈkwɒləti/",
  "us": "/ˈkwɑːləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "质量；品质",
    "en": "How good or bad something is."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "特质；品德",
    "en": "A characteristic of a person or thing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "优质的",
    "en": "Of a high standard."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The quality of these shoes surprised me for the price.",
    "zh": "以这个价格来说，这双鞋的质量让我感到惊喜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should improve the quality of public transport before encouraging people to give up driving.",
    "zh": "政府应先提高公共交通的质量，再鼓励人们放弃开车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "high quality｜高质量",
   "quality of life｜生活质量",
   "leadership qualities｜领导才能",
   "quality control｜质量控制"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "qualitative (adj.)",
   "qualitatively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "standard",
   "characteristic"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示质量通常不可数；表示特质时可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quality"
 },
 {
  "w": "international",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntəˈnæʃənəl/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntərˈnæʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "国际的；跨国的",
    "en": "Involving two or more countries."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "国际比赛；国家队选手",
    "en": "A match between countries, or a player representing a country."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister is taking an international flight tomorrow morning.",
    "zh": "我姐姐明天早上要乘坐国际航班。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International cooperation is essential for tackling environmental problems that extend beyond the borders of individual countries.",
    "zh": "国际合作对于解决超越单个国家边界的环境问题至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "international trade｜国际贸易",
   "international cooperation｜国际合作",
   "an international flight｜国际航班",
   "international students｜国际学生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nation (n.)",
   "national (adj.)",
   "internationally (adv.)",
   "internationalisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "domestic"
  ],
  "tip": "international涉及多国；domestic指国内的。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "international"
 },
 {
  "w": "event",
  "uk": "/ɪˈvent/",
  "us": "/ɪˈvent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "活动；重大事件",
    "en": "Something that happens, especially an important or planned occasion."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "比赛项目",
    "en": "A particular contest within a sports competition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The outdoor concert was our town's biggest summer event.",
    "zh": "这场户外音乐会是我们镇上夏季最大的活动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hosting a major cultural event can boost local tourism, although the financial benefits may be unevenly distributed.",
    "zh": "举办大型文化活动可以促进当地旅游业，但经济收益的分配可能不均。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "organise an event｜组织活动",
   "major event｜重大事件",
   "sporting event｜体育赛事",
   "in the event of｜万一发生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eventful (adj.)",
   "uneventful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "happening",
   "occasion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in the event of后接名词，意为“万一发生”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "event"
 },
 {
  "w": "however",
  "uk": "/haʊˈevə/",
  "us": "/haʊˈevər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "然而；不过",
    "en": "Used to introduce a contrasting statement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "无论多么",
    "en": "No matter how much or to what degree."
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "无论以何种方式",
    "en": "In any way that someone chooses."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The jacket looked warm; however, it felt surprisingly thin.",
    "zh": "这件夹克看起来很暖和，摸起来却出奇地薄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online courses offer greater flexibility; however, some learners benefit more from direct interaction with teachers.",
    "zh": "在线课程更加灵活；不过，有些学习者从与教师的直接互动中获益更多。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "however difficult｜无论多困难",
   "however much｜无论多少",
   "however hard you try｜无论你多努力"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "nevertheless",
   "nonetheless"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表转折时不是并列连词；勿仅用逗号连接两句。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "however"
 },
 {
  "w": "present",
  "uk": "/ˈprezənt/; /prɪˈzent/",
  "us": "/ˈprezənt/; /prɪˈzent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "在场的；目前的",
    "en": "being in a place; existing or happening now"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "展示；提出；颁发",
    "en": "to show, explain or formally give something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "礼物；现在",
    "en": "something given to someone; the time happening now"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "All the children were present for the class photo.",
    "zh": "拍班级合照时，所有孩子都在场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should present their findings clearly so that policymakers can make informed decisions about public health.",
    "zh": "研究人员应清楚地展示研究结果，以便政策制定者就公共卫生作出有依据的决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be present at｜出席",
   "at present｜目前",
   "present evidence｜提供证据",
   "birthday present｜生日礼物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "presentation (n.)",
   "presenter (n.)",
   "presence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "absent"
  ],
  "tip": "名词、形容词重音在首音节；动词重音在第二音节。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "present"
 },
 {
  "w": "Asian",
  "uk": "/ˈeɪʒən/",
  "us": "/ˈeɪʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "亚洲的；亚洲人的",
    "en": "Relating to Asia or its people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "亚洲人；亚裔人士",
    "en": "A person from Asia or with family origins there."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displays pottery from several different Asian countries.",
    "zh": "这家博物馆展出了多个亚洲国家的陶器。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many Asian cities are expanding public transport networks to reduce traffic congestion and improve urban air quality.",
    "zh": "许多亚洲城市正扩建公共交通网络，以缓解交通拥堵并改善城市空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Asian countries｜亚洲国家",
   "Asian cultures｜亚洲文化",
   "Asian economies｜亚洲经济体"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Asia (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母须大写；Asia是洲名，Asian可作形容词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "asian"
 },
 {
  "w": "shape",
  "uk": "/ʃeɪp/",
  "us": "/ʃeɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "形状；外形",
    "en": "the outer form of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "塑造；影响",
    "en": "to influence how something develops"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使成形",
    "en": "to give something a particular physical form"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She cut the biscuits into the shape of stars.",
    "zh": "她把饼干坯切成了星星的形状。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early childhood experiences can shape attitudes towards learning and influence future educational achievement.",
    "zh": "幼年经历可以塑造学习态度，并影响未来的学业成就。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the shape of｜呈……形状",
   "take shape｜逐渐成形",
   "shape attitudes｜塑造态度",
   "stay in shape｜保持良好的身体状态"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shaped (adj.)",
   "shapeless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "form",
   "mould"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in shape可指身体状态好，不只表示形状。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shape"
 },
 {
  "w": "washroom",
  "uk": "/ˈwɒʃruːm/",
  "us": "/ˈwɑːʃruːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洗手间；厕所",
    "en": "a room with toilets and facilities for washing hands"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a washroom just beside the lifts.",
    "zh": "电梯旁边就有一间洗手间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every public library should provide an accessible washroom to accommodate visitors with a range of mobility needs.",
    "zh": "每座公共图书馆都应配备无障碍洗手间，以满足行动能力各异的访客的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public washroom｜公共洗手间",
   "accessible washroom｜无障碍洗手间",
   "washroom facilities｜卫生间设施"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "restroom",
   "toilet"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要用于北美，尤其加拿大；英国常说toilet。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "washroom"
 },
 {
  "w": "surprising",
  "uk": "/səˈpraɪzɪŋ/",
  "us": "/sɚˈpraɪzɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人惊讶的；出乎意料的",
    "en": "unexpected and causing a feeling of surprise"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tiny bakery offers a surprising variety of fresh bread.",
    "zh": "这家小面包店的新鲜面包种类多得令人惊讶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The survey revealed a surprising decline in car ownership among young adults living in major cities.",
    "zh": "调查显示，大城市年轻人的汽车拥有率出现了出人意料的下降。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "surprising results｜令人惊讶的结果",
   "a surprising number of｜数量出奇多的",
   "hardly surprising｜毫不奇怪的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "surprise (n.)",
   "surprise (v.)",
   "surprised (adj.)",
   "surprisingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unexpected",
   "astonishing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unsurprising",
   "predictable"
  ],
  "tip": "surprising形容事物；surprised形容人的感受。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "surprising"
 },
 {
  "w": "snowy",
  "uk": "/ˈsnəʊi/",
  "us": "/ˈsnoʊi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "下雪的；多雪的",
    "en": "Having falling snow or frequent snowfall."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "被雪覆盖的",
    "en": "Covered with snow."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed indoors and baked bread on that snowy afternoon.",
    "zh": "那个下雪的下午，我们待在屋里烤面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In snowy regions, reliable public transport requires regular road maintenance and vehicles designed for winter conditions.",
    "zh": "在多雪地区，可靠的公共交通需要定期道路养护和适合冬季路况的车辆。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "snowy weather｜下雪的天气",
   "snowy mountains｜白雪覆盖的群山",
   "snowy winter｜多雪的冬季"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "snow (n.)",
   "snow (v.)",
   "snowfall (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "snowy可描述天气，也可指地面等被雪覆盖。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "snowy"
 },
 {
  "w": "soda",
  "uk": "/ˈsəʊdə/",
  "us": "/ˈsoʊdə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汽水",
    "en": "a sweet fizzy drink, especially in American English"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "苏打水",
    "en": "water containing dissolved gas, often mixed with other drinks"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I spilled orange soda all over the kitchen floor.",
    "zh": "我把橙味汽水洒得厨房地板上到处都是。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing sugary soda with water can help reduce daily sugar intake and support better dental health.",
    "zh": "用水代替含糖汽水有助于减少每日糖摄入，并改善牙齿健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a can of soda｜一罐汽水",
   "soda water｜苏打水",
   "sugary soda｜含糖汽水"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常指汽水；baking soda才是小苏打。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "soda"
 },
 {
  "w": "anybody",
  "uk": "/ˈenibɒdi/",
  "us": "/ˈenibɑːdi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "任何人；有人",
    "en": "Any person, or someone whose identity is not specified."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Does anybody know where I left my blue umbrella?",
    "zh": "有人知道我把蓝色雨伞放在哪里了吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries should be accessible to anybody who wishes to learn, regardless of their income or background.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆应向所有想学习的人开放，不论其收入或背景如何。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "anybody else｜其他人",
   "hardly anybody｜几乎没有人",
   "anybody at all｜任何人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "anyone"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "nobody"
  ],
  "tip": "anybody作主语时，谓语用单数形式。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anybody"
 },
 {
  "w": "ping-pong",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪŋ pɒŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪŋ pɑːŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乒乓球运动",
    "en": "A game hitting a light ball across a table with bats"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "来回移动；反复往返",
    "en": "To move or pass repeatedly back and forth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We played ping-pong together while waiting for dinner.",
    "zh": "等晚饭时，我们一起打了乒乓球。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community centres can offer inexpensive activities such as ping-pong to encourage social interaction among older residents.",
    "zh": "社区中心可以提供乒乓球等花费不高的活动，鼓励老年居民进行社交。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play ping-pong｜打乒乓球",
   "ping-pong table｜乒乓球台",
   "ping-pong ball｜乒乓球",
   "ping-pong bat｜乒乓球拍"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "table tennis"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较口语化；正式比赛和写作常用table tennis。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ping-pong"
 },
 {
  "w": "rent",
  "uk": "/rent/",
  "us": "/rent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "租金",
    "en": "money paid regularly to use someone else's property"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "租用；租借",
    "en": "to pay to use something owned by someone else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "出租",
    "en": "to let someone use your property in exchange for payment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My monthly rent includes water but not electricity.",
    "zh": "我每月的租金包含水费，但不含电费。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising rents in urban areas can force essential workers to live further from their workplaces.",
    "zh": "城市地区租金上涨可能迫使提供基本服务的劳动者住得离工作地点更远。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pay rent｜付租金",
   "rent a flat｜租公寓",
   "rent out a room｜出租房间",
   "monthly rent｜月租"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rental (n.)",
   "renter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rent可指租入或出租；rent out明确表示出租。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rent"
 },
 {
  "w": "nephew",
  "uk": "/ˈnefjuː/",
  "us": "/ˈnefjuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "侄子；外甥",
    "en": "A son of your sibling or your spouse's sibling."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My nephew proudly showed me his new bicycle.",
    "zh": "我的侄子自豪地给我看他的新自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Looking after a nephew or niece can help young adults understand the responsibilities of raising children.",
    "zh": "照顾侄子或侄女可以帮助年轻人理解养育孩子的责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "young nephew｜年幼的侄子或外甥",
   "nieces and nephews｜侄甥辈孩子"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nephew 指男性晚辈；女性对应词是 niece。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nephew"
 },
 {
  "w": "fight",
  "uk": "/faɪt/",
  "us": "/faɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打架；战斗",
    "en": "To use physical force against another person or group."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抗争；努力争取",
    "en": "To try hard to stop something or achieve a goal."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "打斗；斗争",
    "en": "An occasion of physical conflict or a determined effort against something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The two cats fought over a sunny window seat.",
    "zh": "两只猫为了窗边一个有阳光的位置打了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should fight poverty by improving access to education, healthcare, and stable employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "政府应通过改善教育和医疗服务的可及性、增加稳定就业机会来消除贫困。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fight poverty｜与贫困作斗争",
   "fight for equality｜争取平等",
   "fight against discrimination｜反对歧视",
   "get into a fight｜卷入打斗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fighter (n.)",
   "fighting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "combat",
   "struggle"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式、过去分词均为fought；fight for表示争取。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fight"
 },
 {
  "w": "extremely",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈstriːmli/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈstriːmli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "极其；非常",
    "en": "To a very great degree."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup was extremely hot, so I waited.",
    "zh": "汤烫极了，所以我等了一会儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to reliable internet is extremely important for students who depend on online learning.",
    "zh": "对于依赖在线学习的学生来说，能够使用可靠的网络极其重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "extremely important｜极其重要",
   "extremely difficult｜极其困难",
   "extremely useful｜极其有用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "extreme (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "very",
   "exceedingly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "修饰可分程度的形容词或副词，语气强于very。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "extremely"
 },
 {
  "w": "skateboarding",
  "uk": "/ˈskeɪtbɔːdɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈskeɪtbɔːrdɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "滑板运动",
    "en": "the activity of riding and performing tricks on a skateboard"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We went skateboarding at the park after lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭后，我们去公园玩滑板了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Dedicated skateboarding facilities give young people safe spaces to exercise and develop their balance and coordination.",
    "zh": "专用滑板设施为年轻人提供了安全的锻炼空间，帮助他们提高平衡感和协调能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go skateboarding｜去玩滑板",
   "skateboarding skills｜滑板技巧",
   "skateboarding facilities｜滑板运动设施"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "skateboard (n.)",
   "skateboard (v.)",
   "skateboarder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "运动用skateboarding；滑板这件器材用skateboard。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "skateboarding"
 },
 {
  "w": "lettuce",
  "uk": "/ˈletɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈletɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生菜；莴苣",
    "en": "a vegetable with leaves often eaten raw in salads"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Wash the lettuce before adding it to your sandwich.",
    "zh": "把生菜洗净后再夹进三明治里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing lettuce in urban gardens can give residents access to fresh food near their homes.",
    "zh": "在城市菜园种植生菜能让居民在家附近获得新鲜食材。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lettuce leaves｜生菜叶",
   "a head of lettuce｜一棵生菜",
   "crisp lettuce｜脆嫩的生菜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指食材通常不可数；一棵生菜用a head of lettuce。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lettuce"
 },
 {
  "w": "ugly",
  "uk": "/ˈʌɡli/",
  "us": "/ˈʌɡli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "丑陋的；难看的",
    "en": "Unpleasant to look at."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人不快的；险恶的",
    "en": "Unpleasant or threatening, especially involving anger or conflict."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hid the ugly pipes behind a wooden screen.",
    "zh": "我们用木制屏风遮住了那些难看的管道。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poorly planned developments can create ugly urban landscapes that reduce residents' satisfaction with their neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "规划不善的开发项目可能形成难看的城市景观，降低居民对社区的满意度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ugly building｜难看的建筑",
   "ugly sight｜不堪入目的景象",
   "turn ugly｜变得险恶",
   "ugly confrontation｜激烈冲突"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ugliness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unattractive",
   "unsightly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "beautiful",
   "attractive"
  ],
  "tip": "比较级uglier，最高级ugliest；形容人外貌不礼貌。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ugly"
 },
 {
  "w": "success",
  "uk": "/səkˈses/",
  "us": "/səkˈses/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成功；成就",
    "en": "the achievement of an aim or a desired result"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成功的人或事物",
    "en": "a person or thing that achieves a good result"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The school concert was a success despite the rain.",
    "zh": "尽管下了雨，学校音乐会还是很成功。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Long-term success in education depends not only on funding but also on the quality of teaching.",
    "zh": "教育的长期成功不仅取决于资金投入，也取决于教学质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "achieve success｜取得成功",
   "a great success｜巨大的成功",
   "the key to success｜成功的关键",
   "success rate｜成功率"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "succeed (v.)",
   "successful (adj.)",
   "successfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "achievement"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "failure"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指成功时不可数；a success指成功的人或事。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "success"
 },
 {
  "w": "jumper",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒʌmpə/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒʌmpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "套头毛衣（英）",
    "en": "A knitted piece of clothing covering the upper body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "跳跃者；跳高或跳远运动员",
    "en": "A person or animal that jumps, especially in sport."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "无袖连衣裙（美）",
    "en": "A sleeveless dress worn over a shirt or blouse."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I packed a warm jumper for the camping trip.",
    "zh": "我为这次露营带了一件暖和的套头毛衣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wearing a jumper indoors can reduce the need for heating during colder months.",
    "zh": "在寒冷的月份，室内穿毛衣可以减少供暖需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "woollen jumper｜羊毛套头衫",
   "put on a jumper｜穿上套头毛衣",
   "high jumper｜跳高运动员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jump (v.)",
   "jump (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sweater"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语指套头毛衣；美式通常用sweater。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jumper"
 },
 {
  "w": "period",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪəriəd/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪriəd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一段时间；时期",
    "en": "A length of time or a stage in history."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "课时；一节课",
    "en": "A scheduled length of time for a school lesson."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "月经；经期",
    "en": "The monthly flow of blood from the uterus."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed indoors during a short period of heavy rain.",
    "zh": "在那阵短暂的大雨期间，我们一直待在室内。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A prolonged period of unemployment can affect both financial security and mental health.",
    "zh": "长期失业既会影响经济保障，也会影响心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a period of time｜一段时间",
   "a transition period｜过渡期",
   "a historical period｜历史时期",
   "a heavy period｜月经量多"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "periodic (adj.)",
   "periodically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示一段时间常用a period of；美式英语也指句号。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "period"
 },
 {
  "w": "sheet",
  "uk": "/ʃiːt/",
  "us": "/ʃiːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "床单",
    "en": "A large piece of cloth used to cover a bed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一张；薄片",
    "en": "A thin, flat piece of paper, metal, or another material."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I spread a clean sheet over the mattress.",
    "zh": "我在床垫上铺了一条干净的床单。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can reduce paper waste by encouraging students to use both sides of each sheet.",
    "zh": "学校可以鼓励学生使用每张纸的正反两面，以减少纸张浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bed sheet｜床单",
   "a sheet of paper｜一张纸",
   "a sheet of glass｜一块玻璃",
   "sheet metal｜金属薄板"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sheeting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sheet是可数名词；一张纸说a sheet of paper。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sheet"
 },
 {
  "w": "liter",
  "uk": "/ˈliːtə/",
  "us": "/ˈliːtɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "升（容量单位）",
    "en": "A unit of volume equal to one thousand milliliters."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This bottle holds exactly one liter of fresh milk.",
    "zh": "这个瓶子正好能装一升鲜奶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Measuring household water consumption by the liter can help residents understand how much they use each day.",
    "zh": "以升为单位测量家庭用水量，可以帮助居民了解自己每天用了多少水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a liter of water｜一升水",
   "per liter｜每升",
   "half a liter｜半升"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "litre"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "liter是美式拼写，英式为litre；一升等于一千毫升。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "liter"
 },
 {
  "w": "lie",
  "uk": "/laɪ/",
  "us": "/laɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "躺；平放",
    "en": "Rest with your body or an object in a flat position"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "说谎",
    "en": "Say something you know is not true"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谎言",
    "en": "Something untrue that someone says deliberately"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I like to lie on the grass after lunch.",
    "zh": "我喜欢午饭后躺在草地上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advertisements that lie about environmental benefits can undermine public trust and discourage genuinely sustainable purchasing decisions.",
    "zh": "就环保效益撒谎的广告会损害公众信任，并阻碍真正可持续的购买决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lie down｜躺下",
   "lie awake｜躺着睡不着",
   "lie to someone｜对某人说谎",
   "tell a lie｜说谎"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "liar (n.)",
   "lying (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "recline",
   "falsehood"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "truth"
  ],
  "tip": "躺：lie–lay–lain；说谎：lie–lied–lied。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lie"
 },
 {
  "w": "tower",
  "uk": "/ˈtaʊə/",
  "us": "/ˈtaʊər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "塔；塔楼",
    "en": "a tall, narrow structure, standing alone or on a building"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "高耸；远高于",
    "en": "rise much higher than nearby people or things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We climbed the tower and watched boats cross the bay.",
    "zh": "我们爬上塔，看着船只驶过海湾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The historic tower attracts visitors throughout the year, providing valuable income for nearby shops and restaurants.",
    "zh": "这座历史悠久的塔全年吸引着游客，为附近的商店和餐馆带来可观收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a clock tower｜钟楼",
   "a watch tower｜瞭望塔",
   "tower above｜高耸于……之上",
   "tower over｜远高于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "towering (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词常接over或above，表示远高于周围事物。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tower"
 },
 {
  "w": "stupid",
  "uk": "/ˈstjuːpɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈstuːpɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "愚蠢的；欠考虑的",
    "en": "Showing poor judgment or a lack of sensible thought."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was stupid to leave my umbrella at home.",
    "zh": "把伞留在家里真是太傻了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Calling students stupid can damage their confidence and discourage them from asking questions in class.",
    "zh": "说学生愚蠢会损害他们的信心，使他们不敢在课堂上提问。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a stupid mistake｜愚蠢的错误",
   "a stupid idea｜愚蠢的主意",
   "feel stupid｜觉得自己很傻"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stupidity (n.)",
   "stupidly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "foolish",
   "silly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sensible",
   "intelligent"
  ],
  "tip": "直接说别人stupid带侮辱性，评价人时应避免。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stupid"
 },
 {
  "w": "ever",
  "uk": "/ˈevə/",
  "us": "/ˈevər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "曾经；在任何时候",
    "en": "At any time, especially in questions and negative statements."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "始终；不断地",
    "en": "Continuously or always, often describing an ongoing change."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "究竟；到底",
    "en": "Used to emphasize surprise in a question."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Have you ever watched the sunrise from a mountain?",
    "zh": "你曾经在山上看过日出吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport is more important than ever as growing cities struggle with congestion and air pollution.",
    "zh": "随着不断扩张的城市面临交通拥堵和空气污染，公共交通比以往任何时候都更重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ever since｜自从……以来一直",
   "hardly ever｜几乎从不",
   "more than ever｜比以往任何时候都更",
   "ever-growing demand｜不断增长的需求"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "never"
  ],
  "tip": "问经历常用Have you ever…；肯定句不随意代替always。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ever"
 },
 {
  "w": "happiness",
  "uk": "/ˈhæpinəs/",
  "us": "/ˈhæpinəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "幸福；快乐",
    "en": "The feeling of being pleased or satisfied with life."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her face shone with happiness when the puppy arrived.",
    "zh": "小狗到来时，她的脸上洋溢着喜悦。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strong social connections often contribute more to lasting happiness than the purchase of expensive possessions.",
    "zh": "与购买昂贵物品相比，牢固的社会联系往往更能带来持久的幸福。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lasting happiness｜持久的幸福",
   "personal happiness｜个人幸福",
   "bring happiness｜带来快乐",
   "a sense of happiness｜幸福感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "happy (adj.)",
   "happily (adv.)",
   "unhappy (adj.)",
   "unhappiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "joy",
   "contentment"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unhappiness",
   "sadness"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数：表达幸福用happiness，不加a。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "happiness"
 },
 {
  "w": "granddaughter",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrændɔːtə/",
  "us": "/ˈɡrændɔːtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "孙女；外孙女",
    "en": "The daughter of someone's son or daughter"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her granddaughter brought fresh flowers when she visited on Sunday.",
    "zh": "她的孙女星期天来看她时带来了鲜花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular contact with a granddaughter or grandson can help older adults feel more connected to family life.",
    "zh": "经常与孙辈联系，可以帮助老年人更好地融入家庭生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "youngest granddaughter｜最小的孙女或外孙女",
   "granddaughter's birthday｜孙女或外孙女的生日"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grandchild (n.)",
   "grandson (n.)",
   "grandparent (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指孙女也指外孙女，英语不区分父系与母系。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "granddaughter"
 },
 {
  "w": "passenger",
  "uk": "/ˈpæsɪndʒə/",
  "us": "/ˈpæsɪndʒər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乘客；旅客",
    "en": "Someone travelling in a vehicle without driving or operating it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A passenger left a blue umbrella on the bus.",
    "zh": "一位乘客把一把蓝色雨伞落在了公交车上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved rail services could increase passenger numbers and reduce reliance on private cars.",
    "zh": "改善铁路服务可以增加乘客数量，减少人们对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "passenger train｜客运列车",
   "passenger seat｜乘客座位",
   "passenger numbers｜乘客数量"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指乘坐交通工具的人，不包括驾驶员或机组人员。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "passenger"
 },
 {
  "w": "article",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːtɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːrtɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文章；报道",
    "en": "A piece of writing in a newspaper, magazine, or website."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "物品；一件东西",
    "en": "A single item, especially one belonging to a particular group."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冠词",
    "en": "A word such as a, an, or the before a noun."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I read an interesting article about growing tomatoes indoors.",
    "zh": "我读了一篇关于室内种植番茄的有趣文章。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The article examines how access to green spaces influences mental health in densely populated cities.",
    "zh": "这篇文章探讨了在密集人口城市中，绿地的可及性如何影响心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a newspaper article｜报纸文章",
   "write an article｜写文章",
   "an article of clothing｜一件衣物",
   "the definite article｜定冠词"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "piece",
   "item"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一件衣物可说an article of clothing。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "article"
 },
 {
  "w": "homepage",
  "uk": "/ˈhəʊmpeɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈhoʊmpeɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "网站主页",
    "en": "The main page of a website, linking to other sections."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The library's homepage has a photo of its new reading room.",
    "zh": "图书馆主页上有一张新阅览室的照片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A university homepage should provide clear access to course information, application guidance, and support services for international students.",
    "zh": "大学主页应提供清晰的入口，方便国际学生查看课程信息、申请指南及支持服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "website homepage｜网站主页",
   "homepage design｜主页设计",
   "visit the homepage｜访问主页"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "也可写作home page；不等于网站中的任意网页。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "homepage"
 },
 {
  "w": "percent",
  "uk": "/pəˈsent/",
  "us": "/pərˈsent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "百分之……",
    "en": "For every hundred, used when expressing a proportion."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I saved twenty percent on my new winter coat.",
    "zh": "我买新冬衣时省了百分之二十的钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Nearly forty percent of surveyed residents supported investing more public money in cycling infrastructure.",
    "zh": "近百分之四十的受访居民支持将更多公共资金投入自行车基础设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ten percent of｜百分之十的",
   "a five percent increase｜百分之五的增长",
   "one hundred percent｜百分之百"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "percentage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也写per cent；具体比例用percent。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "percent"
 },
 {
  "w": "teenager",
  "uk": "/ˈtiːneɪdʒə/",
  "us": "/ˈtiːneɪdʒər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "十三至十九岁青少年",
    "en": "A person aged thirteen to nineteen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "As a teenager, I cycled to school every day.",
    "zh": "我十几岁时每天骑自行车上学。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should provide spaces where teenagers can discuss their concerns and receive support from trained staff.",
    "zh": "学校应提供场所，让青少年能够讨论自己的困扰，并获得受过培训的工作人员的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a young teenager｜十三四岁的青少年",
   "as a teenager｜在青少年时期",
   "teenagers' needs｜青少年的需求"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "teenage (adj.)",
   "teen (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "teen",
   "adolescent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "特指13至19岁的人，不泛指所有未成年人。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "teenager"
 },
 {
  "w": "direction",
  "uk": "/dəˈrekʃən/",
  "us": "/dəˈrekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方向；发展趋势",
    "en": "the way something points, moves, or develops"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "路线指引；使用说明",
    "en": "instructions explaining how to reach somewhere or do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "指导；管理",
    "en": "the control or guidance of an activity or group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dog suddenly ran in the opposite direction.",
    "zh": "那只狗突然朝相反的方向跑去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Government investment can influence the direction of technological development by supporting research into cleaner energy sources.",
    "zh": "政府投资可以通过支持清洁能源研究来影响技术发展的方向。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the opposite direction｜朝相反方向",
   "ask for directions｜问路",
   "follow the directions｜遵照说明",
   "under the direction of｜在……的指导下"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "direct (v.)",
   "director (n.)",
   "directional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示路线指引或操作说明时，通常用复数directions。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "direction"
 },
 {
  "w": "instead",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈsted/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈsted/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "代替；反而",
    "en": "in place of someone or something else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The café was closed, so we went home instead.",
    "zh": "咖啡馆关门了，于是我们改为回家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Instead of expanding roads, cities should invest in public transport to reduce congestion and pollution.",
    "zh": "城市应投资公共交通，而不是拓宽道路，以减少拥堵和污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "instead of｜而不是；代替",
   "go instead｜改为去",
   "use something instead｜改用某物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "instead可单独作副词；instead of后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "instead"
 },
 {
  "w": "amazing",
  "uk": "/əˈmeɪzɪŋ/",
  "us": "/əˈmeɪzɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人惊叹的；极好的",
    "en": "Causing great surprise or admiration."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The view from the mountain was absolutely amazing.",
    "zh": "从山上望去的景色真是令人惊叹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recent medical research has produced amazing results, offering new hope to patients with previously untreatable conditions.",
    "zh": "近期医学研究取得了惊人的成果，为患有过去无法治疗的疾病的患者带来了新希望。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "absolutely amazing｜极其精彩的",
   "amazing results｜惊人的成果",
   "an amazing experience｜一次奇妙的经历"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "amaze (v.)",
   "amazed (adj.)",
   "amazement (n.)",
   "amazingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "astonishing",
   "incredible"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ordinary"
  ],
  "tip": "amazing形容令人惊叹的事物；amazed形容人的感受。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amazing"
 },
 {
  "w": "housewife",
  "uk": "/ˈhaʊswaɪf/",
  "us": "/ˈhaʊswaɪf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "家庭主妇",
    "en": "A married woman managing her home rather than doing paid work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "As a housewife, she manages a busy household.",
    "zh": "作为家庭主妇，她操持着一个忙碌家庭的日常事务。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The unpaid work of a housewife contributes to family welfare but is often excluded from economic statistics.",
    "zh": "家庭主妇的无偿劳动有助于家庭福祉，却往往不被纳入经济统计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a full-time housewife｜全职家庭主妇",
   "work as a housewife｜做家庭主妇"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "househusband (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "homemaker"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为housewives；homemaker不限定性别。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "housewife"
 },
 {
  "w": "owner",
  "uk": "/ˈəʊnə/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "所有者；物主",
    "en": "A person or organisation that something belongs to."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The owner of the bakery greets us every morning.",
    "zh": "面包店老板每天早上都向我们打招呼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Property owners should maintain their buildings to ensure the safety of tenants and nearby residents.",
    "zh": "房产业主应维护其建筑，确保租户和附近居民的安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "business owner｜企业主",
   "property owner｜房产业主",
   "rightful owner｜合法所有者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "own (v.)",
   "ownership (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "proprietor"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示某物的所有者，用the owner of加名词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "owner"
 },
 {
  "w": "dish",
  "uk": "/dɪʃ/",
  "us": "/dɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盘；碟",
    "en": "A container used for serving or cooking food."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一道菜；菜肴",
    "en": "Food prepared in a particular way as part of a meal."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "餐具（复数）",
    "en": "Plates, bowls, and other utensils used for meals."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please put the strawberries in that blue dish.",
    "zh": "请把草莓放进那个蓝色盘子里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional dishes can attract international tourists while helping local communities preserve their distinctive food culture.",
    "zh": "传统菜肴既能吸引国际游客，也能帮助当地社区保留独特的饮食文化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "serving dish｜上菜用的盘子",
   "traditional dish｜传统菜肴",
   "do the dishes｜洗餐具",
   "main dish｜主菜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a dish可指一道菜；do the dishes指洗餐具。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dish"
 },
 {
  "w": "quite",
  "uk": "/kwaɪt/",
  "us": "/kwaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "相当；颇",
    "en": "To a fairly large degree, but not extremely."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "完全；十分",
    "en": "Completely or to the greatest possible degree."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup is quite spicy, but I like it.",
    "zh": "这汤挺辣的，不过我喜欢。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although cycling is quite popular among students, inadequate infrastructure prevents many commuters from choosing this sustainable option.",
    "zh": "虽然骑行在学生中颇受欢迎，但基础设施不足使许多通勤者无法选择这种可持续的出行方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "quite good｜相当不错",
   "quite a few｜相当多",
   "quite different｜完全不同",
   "not quite｜不完全；还差一点"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "quite good常指相当好；quite impossible指完全不可能。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quite"
 },
 {
  "w": "gram",
  "uk": "/ɡræm/",
  "us": "/ɡræm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "克",
    "en": "A unit of mass equal to one thousandth of a kilogram."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Add one gram of salt and stir the soup.",
    "zh": "加入一克盐，然后搅拌汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Comparing the nutrients provided per gram can help consumers make more informed choices about packaged foods.",
    "zh": "比较每克食物所含的营养成分，有助于消费者更明智地选择包装食品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a gram of salt｜一克盐",
   "per gram｜每克",
   "weigh in grams｜以克为单位称重"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "符号为g；复数为grams；一千克等于一千克中的一千克？",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gram"
 },
 {
  "w": "cookie",
  "uk": "/ˈkʊki/",
  "us": "/ˈkʊki/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "曲奇饼；小甜饼",
    "en": "A small, flat, sweet baked food"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "网站存于设备的小型数据",
    "en": "A small piece of data a website stores on your device"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is one chocolate cookie left in the jar.",
    "zh": "罐子里还剩一块巧克力曲奇。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Websites often use cookies to remember user preferences, but some also track browsing behaviour.",
    "zh": "网站常用cookie记住用户偏好，但有些也会追踪浏览行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chocolate chip cookie｜巧克力豆曲奇",
   "cookie jar｜饼干罐",
   "accept cookies｜接受网站cookie",
   "delete cookies｜删除网站cookie"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "biscuit"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式泛指小甜饼；网站cookie不等同于缓存文件。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cookie"
 },
 {
  "w": "missing",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪsɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪsɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "找不到的；失踪的",
    "en": "lost or absent, with whereabouts unknown"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "缺少的；缺失的",
    "en": "not present where something should be"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found the missing kitten asleep behind the sofa.",
    "zh": "我们发现那只找不到的小猫正在沙发后面睡觉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Missing data can undermine the reliability of research findings and lead policymakers to draw inaccurate conclusions.",
    "zh": "数据缺失会削弱研究结果的可靠性，并导致政策制定者得出不准确的结论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go missing｜失踪；不见",
   "a missing person｜失踪者",
   "missing data｜缺失数据",
   "a missing piece｜缺失的一块"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "miss (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lost",
   "absent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "present"
  ],
  "tip": "missing作形容词表不见或缺失；be missing from表缺少。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "missing"
 },
 {
  "w": "left-hand",
  "uk": "/ˌleft ˈhænd/",
  "us": "/ˌleft ˈhænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "左侧的；左手边的",
    "en": "Located on the left side."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep your ticket in the left-hand pocket of your jacket.",
    "zh": "把票放在夹克左侧的口袋里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Separating cyclists from vehicles in the left-hand lane could make this busy road safer for everyone.",
    "zh": "将骑行者与左侧车道的车辆隔开，可以让这条繁忙道路对所有人都更安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the left-hand side｜左侧",
   "the left-hand corner｜左边的角落",
   "the left-hand lane｜左侧车道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "left (adj.)",
   "left-handed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "right-hand"
  ],
  "tip": "left-hand指左侧；left-handed指惯用左手的。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "left-hand"
 },
 {
  "w": "pocket",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒkɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːkɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "口袋",
    "en": "A small bag sewn into clothing for carrying things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把…放入口袋；私吞",
    "en": "To put something in your pocket, or take money dishonestly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "袖珍的",
    "en": "Small enough to fit easily inside a pocket."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I found my missing key in my coat pocket.",
    "zh": "我在外套口袋里找到了丢失的钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Pocket dictionaries remain useful for language learners when internet access is unavailable or unreliable.",
    "zh": "当无法上网或网络不稳定时，袖珍词典对语言学习者仍然很有用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "coat pocket｜外套口袋",
   "pocket money｜零花钱",
   "out of pocket｜自掏腰包的；亏钱的",
   "pocket dictionary｜袖珍词典"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pocketful (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pocket money指零花钱，英式英语中常用。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pocket"
 },
 {
  "w": "total",
  "uk": "/ˈtəʊtəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtoʊtəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "总的；完全的",
    "en": "including everything, or complete in degree"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "总数；总额",
    "en": "the amount obtained by adding everything together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "总计达；合计",
    "en": "to reach a particular amount or add amounts together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The total cost includes breakfast and a bus ticket.",
    "zh": "总费用包含早餐和一张公交车票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving home insulation can reduce total energy consumption while making housing more comfortable throughout the year.",
    "zh": "改善住宅隔热性能可以减少能源总消耗，同时让住房全年都更加舒适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "total cost｜总费用",
   "in total｜总共",
   "a total of｜总计……",
   "total energy consumption｜能源总消耗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "totally (adv.)",
   "totality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "complete",
   "entire"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "partial"
  ],
  "tip": "in total表示“总共”；totally常表示“完全地”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "total"
 },
 {
  "w": "soldier",
  "uk": "/ˈsəʊldʒə/",
  "us": "/ˈsoʊldʒɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "士兵；军人",
    "en": "a person who serves in an army"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soldier helped carry supplies across the flooded road.",
    "zh": "那名士兵帮忙把物资运过被洪水淹没的道路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Soldiers can support emergency services by delivering food and rescuing residents after major natural disasters.",
    "zh": "重大自然灾害发生后，军人可以通过运送食物和救助居民来支援应急部门。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "serve as a soldier｜当兵服役",
   "professional soldier｜职业军人",
   "train soldiers｜训练士兵"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "soldiering (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指陆军军人；水手和飞行员另有专称。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "soldier"
 },
 {
  "w": "biscuit",
  "uk": "/ˈbɪskɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈbɪskɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "饼干（英式用法）",
    "en": "a small, flat, crisp baked food, often sweet"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "松软小圆面包（美式）",
    "en": "a small, soft bread roll raised without yeast"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She dipped a biscuit into her warm tea.",
    "zh": "她把一块饼干浸进温热的茶里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing sugary biscuits with fresh fruit can help children develop healthier eating habits over time.",
    "zh": "用新鲜水果代替高糖饼干，可以帮助儿童逐渐养成更健康的饮食习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chocolate biscuit｜巧克力饼干",
   "a packet of biscuits｜一包饼干",
   "biscuit tin｜饼干盒"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式biscuit通常对应美式cookie；美式另指松软面包。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "biscuit"
 },
 {
  "w": "African",
  "uk": "/ˈæfrɪkən/",
  "us": "/ˈæfrɪkən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "非洲的；非洲人的",
    "en": "relating to Africa or its people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "非洲人",
    "en": "a person from Africa"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spotted several African elephants beside a muddy waterhole.",
    "zh": "我们在一个泥泞的水塘边发现了几头非洲象。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many African countries are investing in solar energy to improve electricity access in remote rural communities.",
    "zh": "许多非洲国家正投资太阳能，以改善偏远农村社区的电力供应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "African countries｜非洲国家",
   "African wildlife｜非洲野生动物",
   "African languages｜非洲语言"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Africa (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母须大写；表示来自非洲，不限定肤色。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "african"
 },
 {
  "w": "gallery",
  "uk": "/ˈɡæləri/",
  "us": "/ˈɡæləri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "画廊；美术馆",
    "en": "A room or building where artworks are displayed or sold."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "楼座；旁听席",
    "en": "A raised seating area overlooking a hall or theatre."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "图片集；图库",
    "en": "A collection of images available to view, especially online."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent a rainy afternoon exploring the local gallery.",
    "zh": "一个下雨的下午，我们逛了当地的美术馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Free entry to a public gallery can make visual art accessible to people from different economic backgrounds.",
    "zh": "公共美术馆免费开放，可以让不同经济背景的人都有机会接触视觉艺术。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "art gallery｜美术馆；画廊",
   "public gallery｜公共美术馆；旁听席",
   "photo gallery｜图片集"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gallery主要展示艺术品；museum涵盖的展品范围更广。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gallery"
 },
 {
  "w": "fat",
  "uk": "/fæt/",
  "us": "/fæt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脂肪；食用油脂",
    "en": "a substance stored in bodies or used in cooking"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "肥胖的；肥的",
    "en": "having a large amount of body fat"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Let the soup cool, then remove the fat.",
    "zh": "让汤凉下来，再撇去油脂。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although the body needs some fat, excessive consumption can increase the risk of certain health problems.",
    "zh": "虽然人体需要一定的脂肪，但摄入过多会增加某些健康问题的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "body fat｜体脂",
   "saturated fat｜饱和脂肪",
   "low in fat｜脂肪含量低"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fatty (adj.)",
   "fatten (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用fat形容人可能冒犯；谈健康宜用overweight。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fat"
 },
 {
  "w": "sale",
  "uk": "/seɪl/",
  "us": "/seɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "出售；销售",
    "en": "the act of exchanging something for money"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "降价促销",
    "en": "a period when a shop sells goods at reduced prices"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "销售额；销量",
    "en": "the amount sold or money earned from selling goods"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I bought these boots in the winter sale.",
    "zh": "我在冬季促销时买了这双靴子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The sale of locally produced food can support farmers while reducing emissions associated with long-distance transport.",
    "zh": "销售本地生产的食品既能支持农民，也能减少长途运输带来的排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "for sale｜待售",
   "on sale｜出售中；降价出售",
   "sales figures｜销售数据",
   "a clearance sale｜清仓促销"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sell (v.)",
   "seller (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "for sale指待售；销售额或销量通常用复数sales。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sale"
 },
 {
  "w": "skiing",
  "uk": "/ˈskiːɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈskiːɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "滑雪运动",
    "en": "The activity of moving over snow on skis."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We went skiing together during our winter holiday.",
    "zh": "寒假期间，我们一起去滑雪了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Skiing attracts winter tourists to mountain regions, creating seasonal jobs but increasing demand for water.",
    "zh": "滑雪吸引冬季游客前往山区，创造了季节性工作，但也增加了用水需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go skiing｜去滑雪",
   "cross-country skiing｜越野滑雪",
   "downhill skiing｜高山速降滑雪",
   "skiing lessons｜滑雪课程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ski (v.)",
   "skier (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "滑雪用go skiing；滑水需说water skiing。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "skiing"
 },
 {
  "w": "password",
  "uk": "/ˈpɑːswɜːd/",
  "us": "/ˈpæswɜːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "密码；口令",
    "en": "A secret word or sequence used to gain access."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I forgot my password and couldn't open my account.",
    "zh": "我忘了密码，无法登录账户。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using a different password for each account can reduce the risk of personal information being stolen.",
    "zh": "为每个账户设置不同的密码，可以降低个人信息被盗的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a strong password｜安全性高的密码",
   "reset a password｜重置密码",
   "enter a password｜输入密码",
   "password protection｜密码保护"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "password是密码；passcode也可指数字口令。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "password"
 },
 {
  "w": "postbox",
  "uk": "/ˈpəʊstbɒks/",
  "us": "/ˈpoʊstbɑːks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "邮筒；邮政信箱",
    "en": "A public box where people put mail to be collected."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I dropped the birthday card into the postbox outside.",
    "zh": "我把生日贺卡投进了外面的邮筒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Keeping a postbox within walking distance helps residents without internet access maintain contact with essential services.",
    "zh": "在步行可达的范围内保留邮筒，有助于无法上网的居民与基本服务机构保持联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nearest postbox｜最近的邮筒",
   "put something in a postbox｜把某物投入邮筒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "post (n.)",
   "postal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "letterbox",
   "mailbox"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语指公共寄信邮筒；美式通常用mailbox。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "postbox"
 },
 {
  "w": "ending",
  "uk": "/ˈendɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈendɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结尾；结局",
    "en": "the final part of a story, event, or activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "词尾",
    "en": "a final word part that often shows grammatical information"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The film had a surprisingly cheerful ending for everyone.",
    "zh": "这部电影的结局出人意料，所有人都皆大欢喜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An ambiguous ending can encourage readers to question their assumptions and consider alternative interpretations of a novel.",
    "zh": "含义不明确的结局可以促使读者质疑自己的假设，并考虑对小说的其他解读。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a happy ending｜圆满结局",
   "a surprise ending｜出人意料的结局",
   "a verb ending｜动词词尾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "end (n.)",
   "end (v.)",
   "endless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "conclusion"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "beginning"
  ],
  "tip": "故事结局用ending；at the end表示在末尾。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ending"
 },
 {
  "w": "support",
  "uk": "/səˈpɔːt/",
  "us": "/səˈpɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "支持；帮助；供养",
    "en": "to help, encourage, provide for, or agree with someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "支撑；承托",
    "en": "to hold something up or bear its weight"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "支持；援助；支撑",
    "en": "help, encouragement, money, or something that holds another thing up"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister supports me whenever I try something new.",
    "zh": "每当我尝试新事物时，姐姐都会支持我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should provide financial support for small businesses that create jobs in economically disadvantaged communities.",
    "zh": "政府应为在经济困难社区创造就业机会的小企业提供资金支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "financial support｜资金支持",
   "support a family｜养家",
   "support an argument｜为论点提供依据",
   "emotional support｜情感支持"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "supporter (n.)",
   "supportive (adj.)",
   "unsupported (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "help",
   "assist",
   "back"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "oppose"
  ],
  "tip": "support是及物动词；名词常用support for。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "support"
 },
 {
  "w": "helicopter",
  "uk": "/ˈhelɪkɒptə/",
  "us": "/ˈhelɪkɑːptər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "直升机",
    "en": "An aircraft with rotating blades that can rise straight upwards."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A helicopter landed in the field behind our house.",
    "zh": "一架直升机降落在我们屋后的田野里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A rescue helicopter can reach isolated communities when floods make roads unsafe for emergency vehicles.",
    "zh": "当洪水使道路无法供救援车辆安全通行时，救援直升机可以抵达被困的偏远社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rescue helicopter｜救援直升机",
   "helicopter pilot｜直升机驾驶员",
   "by helicopter｜乘直升机"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "chopper"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "乘直升机用by helicopter，中间不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "helicopter"
 },
 {
  "w": "untidy",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈtaɪdi/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈtaɪdi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "凌乱的；不整洁的",
    "en": "not neat or well arranged"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不爱收拾的",
    "en": "not keeping your belongings or surroundings neat"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her untidy desk was covered with cups and notebooks.",
    "zh": "她凌乱的书桌上堆满了杯子和笔记本。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shared workspaces can quickly become untidy unless employees take responsibility for keeping communal areas clean and organised.",
    "zh": "如果员工不主动保持公共区域干净有序，共享办公空间很快就会变得凌乱。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an untidy room｜凌乱的房间",
   "an untidy desk｜杂乱的书桌",
   "untidy handwriting｜潦草的字迹"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tidy (adj.)",
   "untidily (adv.)",
   "untidiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "messy",
   "disorganised"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tidy",
   "neat"
  ],
  "tip": "untidy强调不整齐，不一定像dirty那样有污垢。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "untidy"
 },
 {
  "w": "soccer",
  "uk": "/ˈsɒkə/",
  "us": "/ˈsɑːkər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "足球运动",
    "en": "A game where two teams kick a ball into goals."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We play soccer in the park every Saturday morning.",
    "zh": "我们每周六早上都在公园踢足球。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community soccer clubs provide affordable exercise and help young people develop teamwork skills outside the classroom.",
    "zh": "社区足球俱乐部提供费用低廉的锻炼机会，帮助年轻人在课堂之外培养团队协作能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play soccer｜踢足球",
   "soccer team｜足球队",
   "soccer field｜足球场",
   "soccer match｜足球比赛"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "football"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语通常称football，美式称soccer。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "soccer"
 },
 {
  "w": "boot",
  "uk": "/buːt/",
  "us": "/buːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "靴子",
    "en": "footwear that covers the foot and part of the leg"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汽车后备箱",
    "en": "the enclosed storage space at the back of a car"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "启动电脑",
    "en": "to start a computer and load its operating system"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My boots kept my feet dry in the rain.",
    "zh": "我的靴子让双脚在雨中保持干爽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protective boots are essential for construction workers because they reduce the risk of serious foot injuries.",
    "zh": "防护靴对建筑工人至关重要，因为它们能降低脚部严重受伤的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of boots｜一双靴子",
   "walking boots｜徒步靴",
   "car boot｜汽车后备箱",
   "boot up a computer｜启动电脑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reboot (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "汽车后备箱英式说boot，美式说trunk。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "boot"
 },
 {
  "w": "ring",
  "uk": "/rɪŋ/",
  "us": "/rɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "戒指；环状物",
    "en": "a circular band, especially one worn on a finger"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "响铃；使响铃",
    "en": "to make a bell sound or cause one to sound"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打电话给",
    "en": "to contact someone by telephone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She slipped the silver ring onto her finger.",
    "zh": "她把那枚银戒指戴在了手指上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Passengers should silence their phones because devices that ring repeatedly can disturb others on public transport.",
    "zh": "乘客应将手机调至静音，因为设备反复响铃会打扰公共交通工具上的其他人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wedding ring｜结婚戒指",
   "ring the doorbell｜按门铃",
   "give someone a ring｜给某人打电话",
   "a ring of trees｜一圈树"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ringing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "响铃、打电话的过去式为rang，过去分词为rung。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ring"
 },
 {
  "w": "heating",
  "uk": "/ˈhiːtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈhiːtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "供暖；暖气系统",
    "en": "The system or process that keeps a building warm."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "加热",
    "en": "The process of making something warmer."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We turned the heating on when the evening grew chilly.",
    "zh": "傍晚天凉起来时，我们打开了暖气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving home insulation can reduce heating costs and lower the environmental impact of household energy consumption.",
    "zh": "改善住宅保温可以降低供暖费用，并减轻家庭能源消耗对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "central heating｜中央供暖",
   "underfloor heating｜地板供暖",
   "heating bills｜供暖账单",
   "heating system｜供暖系统"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "heat (n.)",
   "heat (v.)",
   "heater (n.)",
   "heated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "cooling"
  ],
  "tip": "指供暖时通常不可数：turn on the heating。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "heating"
 },
 {
  "w": "smoke",
  "uk": "/sməʊk/",
  "us": "/smoʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烟；烟雾",
    "en": "a mixture of gases and particles produced when something burns"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吸烟",
    "en": "to breathe in smoke from burning tobacco"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "冒烟",
    "en": "to produce smoke"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dark smoke rose from the toast in the kitchen.",
    "zh": "厨房里的吐司冒出了黑烟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Smoke from forest fires can reduce air quality in cities hundreds of kilometres away.",
    "zh": "森林火灾产生的烟雾会降低数百公里外城市的空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thick smoke｜浓烟",
   "smoke alarm｜烟雾报警器",
   "smoke cigarettes｜吸香烟",
   "give off smoke｜冒烟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "smoker (n.)",
   "smoky (adj.)",
   "smoking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "smoke作“烟雾”通常不可数；smoky意为烟雾弥漫的。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "smoke"
 },
 {
  "w": "recording",
  "uk": "/rɪˈkɔːdɪŋ/",
  "us": "/rɪˈkɔːrdɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "录音；录像",
    "en": "sound or moving images saved for later listening or viewing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "录制；记录",
    "en": "the process of saving sounds, images, or information"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We listened to a recording of birds during breakfast.",
    "zh": "早餐时，我们听了一段鸟鸣录音。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to a lecture recording allows students to review difficult concepts at their own pace.",
    "zh": "能够获取讲座录像，让学生可以按自己的节奏复习难懂的概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a recording｜录音；录像",
   "recording studio｜录音棚",
   "audio recording｜音频录音",
   "accurate recording｜准确记录"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "record (v.)",
   "recorder (n.)",
   "recorded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一段录音可数；表示录制过程时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recording"
 },
 {
  "w": "non-smoking",
  "uk": "/ˌnɒn ˈsməʊkɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌnɑːn ˈsmoʊkɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "禁止吸烟的",
    "en": "describing a place where smoking is not allowed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不吸烟的",
    "en": "describing someone who does not smoke"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We asked for a non-smoking room at reception.",
    "zh": "我们在前台要求安排一间无烟客房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Non-smoking areas in public buildings help protect visitors and employees from exposure to tobacco smoke.",
    "zh": "公共建筑内的禁烟区域有助于保护访客和员工免受烟草烟雾的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "non-smoking room｜无烟客房",
   "non-smoking area｜禁烟区",
   "non-smoking household｜无人吸烟的家庭"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "smoke (v.)",
   "smoker (n.)",
   "non-smoker (n.)",
   "smoking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "smoke-free"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指场所禁烟，也可指人不吸烟。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "non-smoking"
 },
 {
  "w": "postcode",
  "uk": "/ˈpəʊstkəʊd/",
  "us": "/ˈpoʊstkoʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "邮政编码",
    "en": "a code identifying a postal delivery area"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please include your postcode when you fill in the form.",
    "zh": "填写表格时，请填上你的邮政编码。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers used postcode data to compare access to public transport across different residential areas.",
    "zh": "研究人员利用邮政编码数据，比较不同住宅区的公共交通便利程度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enter a postcode｜输入邮政编码",
   "postcode area｜邮编区域",
   "postcode search｜邮编查询"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "postal code",
   "ZIP code"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常用postcode；美式常用ZIP code。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "postcode"
 },
 {
  "w": "blonde",
  "uk": "/blɒnd/",
  "us": "/blɑːnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "金发的；浅金色的",
    "en": "Having pale yellow hair, or describing this hair colour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金发女子",
    "en": "A woman or girl with pale yellow hair."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her blonde hair shone brightly in the afternoon sun.",
    "zh": "她的金发在午后的阳光下闪闪发亮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Films that repeatedly associate blonde hair with particular personalities can reinforce unfair stereotypes about appearance.",
    "zh": "电影若反复将金发与特定性格联系起来，可能会强化对外貌的不公平刻板印象。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blonde hair｜金发",
   "naturally blonde｜天生金发的",
   "platinum blonde｜浅银金色的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blond (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fair-haired"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "blonde多用于女性；描述男性通常用blond。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blonde"
 },
 {
  "w": "lend",
  "uk": "/lend/",
  "us": "/lend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "借出；贷出",
    "en": "Let someone use something temporarily, expecting its return."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给予；增添",
    "en": "Give support or add a particular quality to something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you lend me your umbrella until tomorrow?",
    "zh": "你能把雨伞借给我用到明天吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local banks could lend small businesses money to invest in cleaner production methods.",
    "zh": "地方银行可以向小企业贷款，帮助它们投资更清洁的生产方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lend someone something｜把某物借给某人",
   "lend money to｜借钱给",
   "lend support to｜支持",
   "lend a hand｜帮忙"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lender (n.)",
   "lending (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "loan"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "borrow"
  ],
  "tip": "lend是借出，borrow是借入；过去式为lent。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lend"
 },
 {
  "w": "sandal",
  "uk": "/ˈsændl/",
  "us": "/ˈsændl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "凉鞋",
    "en": "A light shoe with straps that leaves much of the foot uncovered."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small stone got stuck inside my sandal.",
    "zh": "一颗小石子卡进了我的凉鞋里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In warm climates, sandals are popular because their open design allows air to circulate around the feet.",
    "zh": "在气候温暖的地区，凉鞋很受欢迎，因为其开放式设计能让脚部通风。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of sandals｜一双凉鞋",
   "leather sandals｜皮凉鞋",
   "flat sandals｜平底凉鞋"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单只用sandal，一双用a pair of sandals。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sandal"
 },
 {
  "w": "interest",
  "uk": "/ˈɪntrəst/",
  "us": "/ˈɪntrəst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "兴趣；关注",
    "en": "a desire to learn about or become involved in something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "利息",
    "en": "money paid for borrowing money or earned on savings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使感兴趣",
    "en": "to make someone want to know or learn more"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My interest in cooking began in my grandmother's kitchen.",
    "zh": "我对烹饪的兴趣始于祖母的厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can stimulate interest in science by giving students opportunities to conduct experiments and explore practical problems.",
    "zh": "学校可以让学生有机会进行实验并探索实际问题，从而激发他们对科学的兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take an interest in｜对……产生兴趣",
   "stimulate interest｜激发兴趣",
   "interest rate｜利率",
   "pay interest｜支付利息"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "interested (adj.)",
   "interesting (adj.)",
   "interestingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "兴趣用interest in；具体爱好可用复数interests。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "interest"
 },
 {
  "w": "dead",
  "uk": "/ded/",
  "us": "/ded/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "死的；枯死的",
    "en": "No longer alive"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "没电的；无法运作的",
    "en": "No longer working, often because power has run out"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "完全地；正好",
    "en": "Completely or exactly, used for emphasis"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We removed the dead flowers from the balcony pots.",
    "zh": "我们清除了阳台花盆里枯死的花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Leaving dead trees in forests can support biodiversity by providing habitats for insects and small animals.",
    "zh": "将枯树留在森林中能为昆虫和小动物提供栖息地，从而促进生物多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dead leaves｜枯叶",
   "a dead battery｜没电的电池",
   "dead silence｜一片死寂",
   "dead centre｜正中心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "die (v.)",
   "death (n.)",
   "deadly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lifeless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "alive",
   "living"
  ],
  "tip": "dead是状态，die是动作，death是名词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dead"
 },
 {
  "w": "duck",
  "uk": "/dʌk/",
  "us": "/dʌk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鸭；鸭肉",
    "en": "A waterbird with a broad bill, or its meat"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "低头躲闪；弯身避开",
    "en": "Lower your head or body quickly to avoid something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逃避；回避",
    "en": "Avoid a difficult question, responsibility, or situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A duck paddled past us with several tiny ducklings.",
    "zh": "一只鸭子带着几只小鸭从我们身旁游过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban parks with healthy ponds provide valuable habitats for ducks and other wildlife throughout the year.",
    "zh": "拥有健康池塘的城市公园全年都能为鸭子和其他野生动物提供宝贵的栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wild duck｜野鸭",
   "roast duck｜烤鸭",
   "duck your head｜迅速低头",
   "duck a question｜回避问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "duckling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指鸭子时可数，指鸭肉时不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "duck"
 },
 {
  "w": "mean",
  "uk": "/miːn/",
  "us": "/miːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "意思是；意味着；打算",
    "en": "to express, involve, or intend something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "刻薄的；吝啬的",
    "en": "unkind or unwilling to share or spend money"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "平均值",
    "en": "the total of several values divided by how many exist"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I didn't mean to leave you waiting outside.",
    "zh": "我不是故意让你在外面等着的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Higher energy prices may mean that low-income households have less money available for other essential needs.",
    "zh": "能源价格上涨可能意味着低收入家庭可用于其他基本需求的钱会更少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mean to do something｜打算做某事",
   "mean doing something｜意味着做某事",
   "mean value｜平均值",
   "be mean to someone｜对某人刻薄"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "meaning (n.)",
   "meaningful (adj.)",
   "meaningless (adj.)",
   "meanness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mean to do是“打算做”；mean doing是“意味着做”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mean"
 },
 {
  "w": "dream",
  "uk": "/driːm/",
  "us": "/driːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "梦；梦境",
    "en": "images, feelings, and events experienced while sleeping"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "梦想；理想",
    "en": "something you strongly hope to achieve or experience"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "做梦；梦想",
    "en": "to experience dreams while sleeping or imagine something you want"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Last night, I had a dream about flying over mountains.",
    "zh": "昨晚我做了一个飞越群山的梦。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to affordable education allows more young people to pursue their dream of entering a skilled profession.",
    "zh": "负担得起的教育让更多年轻人能够追求从事技术性职业的梦想。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have a dream｜做梦",
   "pursue a dream｜追求梦想",
   "dream of becoming｜梦想成为",
   "a dream come true｜梦想成真"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dreamer (n.)",
   "dreamy (adj.)",
   "dreamless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dream of/about后接名词或动名词；过去式可用dreamt或dreamed。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dream"
 },
 {
  "w": "regular",
  "uk": "/ˈreɡjələ/",
  "us": "/ˈreɡjələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "定期的；经常的",
    "en": "Happening repeatedly, often with similar gaps between events."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "规则的；均匀的",
    "en": "Having an even shape, pattern, or arrangement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "常客",
    "en": "Someone who often visits the same place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our dog needs regular walks to stay happy and healthy.",
    "zh": "我们的狗需要经常散步，才能保持快乐和健康。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular exercise can reduce the risk of chronic disease and improve overall wellbeing in older adults.",
    "zh": "规律运动可以降低老年人患慢性病的风险，并改善其整体身心健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "regular exercise｜规律运动",
   "at regular intervals｜每隔固定时间",
   "a regular customer｜常客",
   "a regular pattern｜规则的模式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "regularly (adv.)",
   "regularity (n.)",
   "irregular (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "frequent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "irregular"
  ],
  "tip": "regular侧重规律或经常，不等于持续不停的continuous。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "regular"
 },
 {
  "w": "stairs",
  "uk": "/steəz/",
  "us": "/sterz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "楼梯；梯级",
    "en": "A set of steps connecting different levels of a building."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We carried the heavy suitcase up the narrow stairs.",
    "zh": "我们把沉重的行李箱沿着狭窄的楼梯搬了上去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public buildings should provide lifts alongside stairs to ensure equal access for people with limited mobility.",
    "zh": "公共建筑应在楼梯之外配备电梯，确保行动不便者也能平等使用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "climb the stairs｜爬楼梯",
   "a flight of stairs｜一段楼梯",
   "take the stairs｜走楼梯"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stair (n.)",
   "staircase (n.)",
   "stairway (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "stairs是复数，谓语用复数；一段楼梯用a flight of stairs。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stairs"
 },
 {
  "w": "accept",
  "uk": "/əkˈsept/",
  "us": "/əkˈsept/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "接受；同意",
    "en": "Agree to receive something or say yes to an offer"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "承认；认可",
    "en": "Recognize that something is true or valid"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "承担；接受现实",
    "en": "Take responsibility or stop resisting an unpleasant situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I gladly accepted her invitation to dinner on Saturday.",
    "zh": "我欣然接受了她周六共进晚餐的邀请。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must accept responsibility for ensuring that all children have access to basic education.",
    "zh": "政府必须承担责任，确保所有儿童都能接受基础教育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "accept an offer｜接受提议",
   "accept responsibility｜承担责任",
   "accept an invitation｜接受邀请",
   "accept that｜承认……"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "acceptance (n.)",
   "acceptable (adj.)",
   "unacceptable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "reject",
   "refuse"
  ],
  "tip": "接受建议用accept；接受某物不等于仅仅收到receive。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accept"
 },
 {
  "w": "abroad",
  "uk": "/əˈbrɔːd/",
  "us": "/əˈbrɔːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在国外；到国外",
    "en": "in or to a foreign country"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister moved abroad and now lives near the sea.",
    "zh": "我姐姐移居国外，现在住在海边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying abroad can help students develop independence and gain a better understanding of other cultures.",
    "zh": "出国留学能帮助学生培养独立性，并更好地理解其他文化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study abroad｜出国留学",
   "go abroad｜出国",
   "live abroad｜在国外生活",
   "travel abroad｜出国旅行"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "overseas"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "abroad是副词：说go abroad，不说go to abroad。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "abroad"
 },
 {
  "w": "attend",
  "uk": "/əˈtend/",
  "us": "/əˈtend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "出席；参加；上学",
    "en": "to go to an event or regularly visit an institution"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "处理；照料",
    "en": "to deal with something or care for someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister attends a dance class every Saturday morning.",
    "zh": "我姐姐每周六上午都去上舞蹈课。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who attend lectures regularly are more likely to understand difficult concepts and complete assignments successfully.",
    "zh": "经常听课的学生更有可能理解难懂的概念并顺利完成作业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attend a meeting｜参加会议",
   "attend school｜上学",
   "attend to a problem｜处理问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attendance (n.)",
   "attendant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "参加活动直接接宾语；处理、照料用attend to。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attend"
 },
 {
  "w": "take away",
  "uk": "/teɪk əˈweɪ/",
  "us": "/teɪk əˈweɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "phr.",
    "zh": "买走食用；外带",
    "en": "to buy prepared food and eat it somewhere else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "phr.",
    "zh": "拿走；移除",
    "en": "to remove something from a place or person"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could I have a vegetable sandwich to take away?",
    "zh": "请给我一个蔬菜三明治打包带走，好吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restaurants should offer reusable containers to customers who buy meals to take away, reducing packaging waste.",
    "zh": "餐馆应为购买外带餐食的顾客提供可重复使用的容器，以减少包装废弃物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "food to take away｜外带食品",
   "take away the plates｜收走盘子",
   "take away someone's rights｜剥夺某人的权利"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "takeaway (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "take away是动词短语；外卖餐名词写takeaway。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "take-away"
 },
 {
  "w": "candy",
  "uk": "/ˈkændi/",
  "us": "/ˈkændi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "糖果",
    "en": "a sweet food made mainly from sugar"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She offered each guest a small piece of candy.",
    "zh": "她给每位客人递了一小块糖果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Limiting advertisements for candy aimed at children could help families develop healthier eating habits.",
    "zh": "限制面向儿童的糖果广告，可以帮助家庭养成更健康的饮食习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a piece of candy｜一块糖果",
   "hard candy｜硬糖",
   "a candy bar｜一条巧克力糖",
   "a candy store｜糖果店"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "sweets"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常用candy，英式常用sweets；一块用a piece of。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "candy"
 },
 {
  "w": "basic",
  "uk": "/ˈbeɪsɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈbeɪsɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "基本的；基础的",
    "en": "Forming the main or most necessary part of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "简单的；无额外设施的",
    "en": "Having only necessary features, without anything extra."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This course teaches basic cooking skills to complete beginners.",
    "zh": "这门课程向零基础学员教授基本烹饪技能。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should ensure that all citizens have access to basic healthcare, regardless of their income.",
    "zh": "政府应确保所有公民都能获得基本医疗服务，不论其收入如何。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "basic skills｜基本技能",
   "basic needs｜基本需求",
   "basic knowledge｜基础知识",
   "basic principles｜基本原则"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "base (n.)",
   "basically (adv.)",
   "basics (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fundamental",
   "essential"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "advanced"
  ],
  "tip": "名词“基础知识”用复数 the basics。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "basic"
 },
 {
  "w": "public",
  "uk": "/ˈpʌblɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈpʌblɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "公众的；公用的；公开的",
    "en": "For everyone to use, see, or know about."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "政府的；公立的",
    "en": "Provided or controlled by the government."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公众；民众",
    "en": "Ordinary people in society considered as a group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The public garden stays open until sunset every day.",
    "zh": "这座公共花园每天开放到日落。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport can improve access to employment while reducing dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通可以让人们更方便地上班，同时减少对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public transport｜公共交通",
   "public services｜公共服务",
   "the general public｜普通民众",
   "in public｜在公共场合"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "publicly (adv.)",
   "publicity (n.)",
   "publicise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "private"
  ],
  "tip": "the public指公众；in public指在公共场合。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "public"
 },
 {
  "w": "boarding card",
  "uk": "/ˈbɔːdɪŋ kɑːd/",
  "us": "/ˈbɔːrdɪŋ kɑːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "登机牌",
    "en": "A document that allows a passenger to board a plane."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep your boarding card handy until you reach your seat.",
    "zh": "到座位之前，把登机牌放在方便拿取的地方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Passengers can now download a boarding card, reducing paper consumption and waiting times at airport counters.",
    "zh": "乘客现在可以下载登机牌，从而减少纸张消耗和在机场柜台的等候时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "show your boarding card｜出示登机牌",
   "print a boarding card｜打印登机牌",
   "electronic boarding card｜电子登机牌"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "boarding pass"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指登机牌，不是机票；boarding pass也很常用。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "boarding-card"
 },
 {
  "w": "rubbish",
  "uk": "/ˈrʌbɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈrʌbɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "垃圾；废物",
    "en": "Things people throw away because they no longer need them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "废话；胡说",
    "en": "Ideas or statements that are silly or untrue."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please put your rubbish in the bin outside.",
    "zh": "请把垃圾放进外面的垃圾桶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing household rubbish requires both convenient recycling facilities and greater public awareness of unnecessary packaging.",
    "zh": "减少生活垃圾既需要便利的回收设施，也需要提高公众对过度包装的认识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "household rubbish｜生活垃圾",
   "rubbish bin｜垃圾桶",
   "collect rubbish｜收集垃圾",
   "talk rubbish｜胡说八道"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "garbage",
   "trash"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；英式常用词，美式常说garbage或trash。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rubbish"
 },
 {
  "w": "restroom",
  "uk": "/ˈrestruːm/",
  "us": "/ˈrestruːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公共洗手间；厕所",
    "en": "a room with toilets in a public place"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I stopped at the restroom before boarding the bus.",
    "zh": "上公交车前，我去了一趟洗手间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing a clean public restroom near busy transport hubs improves comfort for commuters and tourists alike.",
    "zh": "在繁忙的交通枢纽附近提供干净的公共洗手间，能让通勤者和游客都更加舒适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public restroom｜公共洗手间",
   "restroom facilities｜卫生间设施",
   "accessible restroom｜无障碍洗手间"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "washroom",
   "toilet"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式英语中指公共厕所，不是普通的休息室。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "restroom"
 },
 {
  "w": "midnight",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪdnaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪdnaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "午夜；半夜十二点",
    "en": "Twelve o'clock at night, when one day ends and another begins."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed awake until midnight watching the snow fall.",
    "zh": "我们一直醒着看雪，直到午夜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Extending public transport services beyond midnight would benefit shift workers who currently rely on expensive taxi journeys.",
    "zh": "将公共交通服务延长至午夜之后，将有利于目前依赖昂贵出租车出行的轮班工作者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at midnight｜在午夜",
   "until midnight｜直到午夜",
   "around midnight｜午夜前后",
   "a midnight snack｜午夜点心"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "noon"
  ],
  "tip": "在午夜用at midnight，不用in midnight。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "midnight"
 },
 {
  "w": "bar",
  "uk": "/bɑː/",
  "us": "/bɑr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酒吧；饮品吧台",
    "en": "a place or counter where drinks, especially alcoholic drinks, are served"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "条；棒；长条块",
    "en": "a long narrow piece of solid material"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "禁止；阻止",
    "en": "to officially prevent someone from entering or doing something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We ordered fresh orange juice at the hotel bar.",
    "zh": "我们在酒店的酒吧点了鲜榨橙汁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sports centres should not bar residents from using essential facilities simply because they cannot afford membership fees.",
    "zh": "体育中心不应仅因居民付不起会员费，就禁止他们使用基本设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a hotel bar｜酒店酒吧",
   "a bar of chocolate｜一条巧克力",
   "metal bars｜金属棒",
   "bar someone from doing something｜禁止某人做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "barred (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表禁止用bar sb from doing；过去式barred。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bar"
 },
 {
  "w": "choice",
  "uk": "/tʃɔɪs/",
  "us": "/tʃɔɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "选择；选择权",
    "en": "the act or freedom of choosing between different possibilities"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可选之物；选择范围",
    "en": "something you can choose, or the range of available options"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "优质的；精选的",
    "en": "of especially good quality"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You have a choice between soup and salad.",
    "zh": "你可以在汤和沙拉之间选择。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable public transport gives commuters a wider choice and reduces their dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "可靠的公共交通为通勤者提供更多选择，并减少他们对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a choice｜作出选择",
   "have no choice｜别无选择",
   "a wide choice of｜种类丰富的",
   "freedom of choice｜选择自由"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "choose (v.)",
   "choosy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "option",
   "selection"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "choice是名词，choose是动词；选择做某事用choose to do。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "choice"
 },
 {
  "w": "return",
  "uk": "/rɪˈtɜːn/",
  "us": "/rɪˈtɝːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "返回；归还",
    "en": "To go back, or give something back."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "返回；归来",
    "en": "The act of coming or going back."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "收益；回报",
    "en": "Money or benefits gained from an investment or activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please return these library books before you go away.",
    "zh": "请在离开之前归还这些图书馆的书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in early childhood education can generate a substantial economic return by improving future employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "投资幼儿教育可以通过改善未来就业机会，带来可观的经济回报。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "return home｜回家",
   "return to work｜重返工作岗位",
   "in return for｜作为……的回报",
   "return on investment｜投资回报"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "returnable (adj.)",
   "returnee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "return已含“回”的意思，通常不再加back。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "return"
 },
 {
  "w": "properly",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒpəli/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːpərli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "正确地；恰当地",
    "en": "In the correct or suitable way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "充分地；彻底地",
    "en": "Completely or to the degree that is needed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen door will not close properly in winter.",
    "zh": "冬天厨房的门总是关不严。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public recycling schemes are more effective when residents understand how to sort household waste properly.",
    "zh": "当居民了解如何正确分类生活垃圾时，公共回收计划会更有效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "function properly｜正常运作",
   "behave properly｜举止得体",
   "properly trained｜受过充分培训的",
   "properly equipped｜配备齐全的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "proper (adj.)",
   "improper (adj.)",
   "improperly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "correctly",
   "appropriately"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "incorrectly",
   "improperly"
  ],
  "tip": "修饰动作常用properly；修饰名词用proper。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "properly"
 },
 {
  "w": "northwest",
  "uk": "/ˌnɔːθˈwest/",
  "us": "/ˌnɔːrθˈwest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "西北方；西北部",
    "en": "The direction between north and west, or an area's northwestern part."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "西北部的；来自西北的",
    "en": "Located in the northwest, or coming from that direction."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向西北；在西北",
    "en": "Towards or in the direction between north and west."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our cabin is in the northwest of the island.",
    "zh": "我们的小木屋位于岛的西北部。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in rail networks could improve access to employment for communities in the northwest of the country.",
    "zh": "对铁路网的投资可以为该国西北部的社区提供更多就业便利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the northwest｜在西北部",
   "head northwest｜向西北行进",
   "a northwest wind｜西北风"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "northwestern (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "southeast"
  ],
  "tip": "西北风从西北吹来；向西北走用head northwest。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "northwest"
 },
 {
  "w": "runner",
  "uk": "/ˈrʌnə/",
  "us": "/ˈrʌnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "跑步者；赛跑选手",
    "en": "a person who runs, especially for exercise or in races"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A runner in bright shoes passed us by the lake.",
    "zh": "一位穿着亮色鞋子的跑步者在湖边从我们身旁跑过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban parks provide runners with safer exercise spaces away from heavy traffic and polluted main roads.",
    "zh": "城市公园为跑步者提供更安全的锻炼空间，远离繁忙交通和污染严重的主干道。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "long-distance runner｜长跑运动员",
   "marathon runner｜马拉松选手",
   "keen runner｜热衷跑步的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "run (v.)",
   "running (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "run加-er时双写n；runner-up指亚军。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "runner"
 },
 {
  "w": "pork",
  "uk": "/pɔːk/",
  "us": "/pɔːrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "猪肉",
    "en": "Meat from a pig, used as food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cooked the pork slowly with apples and onions.",
    "zh": "我们把猪肉和苹果、洋葱一起慢炖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear food labelling helps consumers identify products containing pork and make choices that suit their dietary requirements.",
    "zh": "清晰的食品标签有助于消费者识别含猪肉的产品，并作出符合自身饮食要求的选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "roast pork｜烤猪肉",
   "pork chop｜猪排",
   "minced pork｜猪肉末",
   "pork belly｜五花肉"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pork是不可数名词，指肉；活猪用pig。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pork"
 },
 {
  "w": "drama",
  "uk": "/ˈdrɑːmə/",
  "us": "/ˈdrɑːmə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "戏剧；戏剧艺术",
    "en": "Plays and the art of writing or performing them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "戏剧性事件；激动场面",
    "en": "An exciting or emotional event or situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our drama group rehearses in the hall every Thursday.",
    "zh": "我们的戏剧小组每周四在大厅排练。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching drama in schools can develop students' confidence and encourage them to consider different perspectives.",
    "zh": "在学校教授戏剧可以培养学生的自信，并鼓励他们从不同角度思考。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "drama club｜戏剧社",
   "television drama｜电视剧",
   "study drama｜学习戏剧",
   "historical drama｜历史剧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dramatic (adj.)",
   "dramatically (adv.)",
   "dramatist (n.)",
   "dramatise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "戏剧艺术用不可数drama；一部戏剧用a drama。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drama"
 },
 {
  "w": "surprise",
  "uk": "/səˈpraɪz/",
  "us": "/sɚˈpraɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "惊讶；意外之事",
    "en": "An unexpected event, or the feeling it causes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使惊讶",
    "en": "To make someone feel amazed by something unexpected."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Finding a birthday cake in the kitchen was a lovely surprise.",
    "zh": "在厨房里发现一个生日蛋糕，真是个美好的惊喜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The survey results may surprise policymakers who assume that young people prefer online learning.",
    "zh": "调查结果可能让那些认为年轻人偏爱线上学习的政策制定者感到意外。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pleasant surprise｜惊喜",
   "to someone's surprise｜令某人惊讶的是",
   "take someone by surprise｜使某人措手不及",
   "a surprise visit｜突然来访"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "surprised (adj.)",
   "surprising (adj.)",
   "surprisingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "astonishment",
   "amaze"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "人感到惊讶用surprised；事物令人惊讶用surprising。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "surprise"
 },
 {
  "w": "case",
  "uk": "/keɪs/",
  "us": "/keɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "情况；事例；病例",
    "en": "A particular situation or example, including an instance of illness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盒；箱；套",
    "en": "A container that holds or protects something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "案件；论据",
    "en": "A legal matter or arguments supporting a particular position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Take an umbrella in case it rains later.",
    "zh": "带把伞吧，以防待会儿下雨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In many cases, investing in preventive healthcare is more cost-effective than treating diseases after they develop.",
    "zh": "在许多情况下，投资预防保健比在疾病出现后进行治疗更具成本效益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in some cases｜在某些情况下",
   "in case of emergency｜遇到紧急情况时",
   "a strong case for｜支持某事的有力论据",
   "a phone case｜手机保护壳"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in case后接从句；in case of后接名词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "case"
 },
 {
  "w": "spider",
  "uk": "/ˈspaɪdə/",
  "us": "/ˈspaɪdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蜘蛛",
    "en": "a small creature with eight legs, often making webs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiny spider built a web beside our window.",
    "zh": "一只小蜘蛛在我们窗边结了网。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although many people fear spiders, these creatures help control insect populations in gardens and agricultural environments.",
    "zh": "虽然许多人害怕蜘蛛，但它们有助于控制花园和农业环境中的昆虫数量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a spider web｜蜘蛛网",
   "a spider bite｜蜘蛛咬伤"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "蜘蛛有八条腿，不属于六条腿的昆虫。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spider"
 },
 {
  "w": "pepper",
  "uk": "/ˈpepə/",
  "us": "/ˈpepər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胡椒粉；胡椒",
    "en": "A spice used to give food a hot flavour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "甜椒；辣椒",
    "en": "A hollow vegetable that can taste sweet or hot."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使布满；大量加入",
    "en": "To cover or fill something with many small things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you pass me the pepper for my soup?",
    "zh": "能把胡椒粉递给我，让我加到汤里吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers can grow peppers in greenhouses to maintain a reliable food supply throughout the year.",
    "zh": "农民可以在温室里种植甜椒，以维持全年的稳定食物供应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "black pepper｜黑胡椒",
   "red pepper｜红椒",
   "pepper something with examples｜在某事物中加入大量例子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "peppery (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "胡椒粉不可数；指一个甜椒时可说a pepper。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pepper"
 },
 {
  "w": "allow",
  "uk": "/əˈlaʊ/",
  "us": "/əˈlaʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "允许；准许",
    "en": "to let someone do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使可能；容许",
    "en": "to make something possible"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "留出；预留",
    "en": "to provide enough time or resources for something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The library allows visitors to borrow five books at once.",
    "zh": "图书馆允许访客一次借五本书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working arrangements allow employees to balance their professional responsibilities with family commitments more effectively.",
    "zh": "灵活的工作安排使员工能够更有效地兼顾工作职责与家庭义务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "allow someone to do something｜允许某人做某事",
   "allow enough time｜留出足够时间",
   "allow for delays｜考虑到可能的延误"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "allowance (n.)",
   "allowable (adj.)",
   "disallow (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "permit",
   "let"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "forbid",
   "prohibit"
  ],
  "tip": "用allow sb to do；无宾语时可用allow doing。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "allow"
 },
 {
  "w": "camping",
  "uk": "/ˈkæmpɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈkæmpɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "露营；野营",
    "en": "staying outdoors in a tent, usually for a holiday"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We are going camping by the river this weekend.",
    "zh": "这个周末我们要去河边露营。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Camping can encourage greater appreciation of nature, provided visitors avoid disturbing wildlife and take their rubbish home.",
    "zh": "露营能增进人们对自然的欣赏，前提是游客不打扰野生动物，并把垃圾带走。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go camping｜去露营",
   "camping equipment｜露营装备",
   "a camping trip｜露营之旅"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "camp (v.)",
   "camper (n.)",
   "campsite (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "活动名词camping不可数；去露营说go camping。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "camping"
 },
 {
  "w": "ant",
  "uk": "/ænt/",
  "us": "/ænt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蚂蚁",
    "en": "A small insect that lives in organised groups."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An ant carried a crumb across the kitchen floor.",
    "zh": "一只蚂蚁叼着面包屑爬过厨房地板。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ants contribute to healthy ecosystems by moving seeds and improving the structure of soil.",
    "zh": "蚂蚁通过搬运种子和改善土壤结构，促进生态系统健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an ant colony｜蚁群",
   "an ant nest｜蚁巢",
   "worker ants｜工蚁"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ant是可数名词；一只蚂蚁用an ant。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ant"
 },
 {
  "w": "raise",
  "uk": "/reɪz/",
  "us": "/reɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提高；举起",
    "en": "to move something higher or increase its amount or level"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "筹集",
    "en": "to collect money for a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "养育；饲养",
    "en": "to care for children or animals as they grow"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please raise your hand if you need another pencil.",
    "zh": "如果你还需要一支铅笔，请举手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community events can raise funds for conservation projects while helping residents understand local environmental challenges.",
    "zh": "社区活动可以为自然保护项目筹集资金，同时帮助居民了解当地的环境问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "raise awareness｜提高认识",
   "raise funds｜筹集资金",
   "raise a child｜养育孩子",
   "raise a question｜提出问题"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "lift",
   "increase"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lower"
  ],
  "tip": "raise是及物动词，后接宾语；rise表示自身上升。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "raise"
 },
 {
  "w": "set",
  "uk": "/set/",
  "us": "/set/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放置；设置；确定",
    "en": "Put something somewhere, or establish a condition, value, or rule."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一套；一组",
    "en": "A group of related things that belong together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "固定的；事先确定的",
    "en": "Fixed or arranged in advance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She set the bowl gently on the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "她把碗轻轻放在厨房的桌子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should set clear targets for reducing air pollution and regularly assess progress towards achieving them.",
    "zh": "政府应设定明确的空气污染减排目标，并定期评估实现这些目标的进展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "set a goal｜设定目标",
   "set the table｜摆好餐具",
   "a set of tools｜一套工具",
   "a set time｜固定时间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "setting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式、过去分词均为set；现在分词为setting。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "set"
 },
 {
  "w": "feed",
  "uk": "/fiːd/",
  "us": "/fiːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "喂养；进食",
    "en": "Give food to someone or an animal, or eat food."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动物饲料",
    "en": "Food given to farm animals."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "信息流",
    "en": "A regularly updated stream of online content."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please feed the cat before you leave for school.",
    "zh": "请在上学前喂一下猫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School meal programmes help feed children whose families cannot consistently afford nutritious food.",
    "zh": "学校供餐计划帮助那些家庭无法持续负担营养食物的儿童吃上饭。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feed the animals｜喂动物",
   "feed on insects｜以昆虫为食",
   "animal feed｜动物饲料",
   "news feed｜新闻信息流"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "feeding (n.)",
   "feeder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为fed；feed on表示以……为食。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "feed"
 },
 {
  "w": "pancake",
  "uk": "/ˈpænkeɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈpænkeɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "薄煎饼；松饼",
    "en": "A flat, round cake made by frying a liquid mixture"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He flipped the pancake and reached for the honey.",
    "zh": "他把煎饼翻了个面，伸手去拿蜂蜜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preparing pancakes in cooking classes allows students to practise measuring ingredients and using kitchen equipment safely.",
    "zh": "在烹饪课上制作煎饼，让学生有机会练习称量食材和安全使用厨房设备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pancake batter｜煎饼面糊",
   "flip a pancake｜给煎饼翻面",
   "a stack of pancakes｜一摞松饼"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式通常较薄，美式通常较厚且蓬松。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pancake"
 },
 {
  "w": "except",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈsept/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsept/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "除……之外",
    "en": "Not including a particular person or thing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "只是；除了……情况",
    "en": "Used to introduce a fact limiting what was just said."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone except my brother wanted to walk home.",
    "zh": "除了我弟弟，大家都想走路回家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposed transport policy benefits most residents, except those living in remote rural communities.",
    "zh": "拟议的交通政策惠及大多数居民，但偏远农村社区的居民除外。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "except for｜除……之外",
   "except that｜只是；不过",
   "everyone except｜除……之外的所有人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exception (n.)",
   "exceptional (adj.)",
   "exceptionally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "excluding",
   "apart from"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "including"
  ],
  "tip": "except排除在外；besides表示另外还包括。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "except"
 },
 {
  "w": "still",
  "uk": "/stɪl/",
  "us": "/stɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "仍然；还",
    "en": "Continuing up to a particular time without stopping or changing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "静止的；不动的",
    "en": "Not moving."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "尽管如此；不过",
    "en": "Despite what has just been said."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It is nearly midnight, but my sister is still awake.",
    "zh": "快到午夜了，可我姐姐还醒着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Despite improvements in public transport, many commuters still rely on private cars because services remain unreliable in rural areas.",
    "zh": "尽管公共交通有所改善，许多通勤者仍依赖私家车，因为农村地区的公共交通服务依然不可靠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "still waiting｜仍在等待",
   "stand still｜站着不动",
   "keep still｜保持不动",
   "still water｜静止的水"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stillness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表“仍然”时，通常放实义动词前、be动词后。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "still"
 },
 {
  "w": "fresh",
  "uk": "/freʃ/",
  "us": "/freʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "新鲜的",
    "en": "Recently produced or picked, and not preserved or stale."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "清新的；凉爽宜人的",
    "en": "Clean, cool, and pleasant, especially when describing air."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "新的；不同于以往的",
    "en": "New or different from what existed or was used before."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I bought fresh strawberries from the market this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上我在市场买了新鲜草莓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to fresh fruit and vegetables is essential for improving diets in low-income urban communities.",
    "zh": "让城市低收入社区居民能获得新鲜果蔬，对改善其饮食至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fresh produce｜新鲜农产品",
   "fresh air｜新鲜空气",
   "a fresh start｜全新的开始",
   "fresh water｜淡水"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "freshness (n.)",
   "freshly (adv.)",
   "freshen (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "stale"
  ],
  "tip": "fresh water指淡水；fresh air指新鲜空气。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fresh"
 },
 {
  "w": "comma",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmə/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "逗号",
    "en": "A punctuation mark separating parts of a sentence or list."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I added a comma to make the sentence clearer.",
    "zh": "我加了一个逗号，让句子更清楚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A misplaced comma can change the meaning of a sentence and confuse readers of academic writing.",
    "zh": "位置不当的逗号可能改变句意，使学术文章的读者产生困惑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "add a comma｜加逗号",
   "a misplaced comma｜位置不当的逗号",
   "separate items with commas｜用逗号分隔各项"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "comma是逗号，句号通常叫full stop（英）或period（美）。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "comma"
 },
 {
  "w": "destroy",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstrɔɪ/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstrɔɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "摧毁；毁灭",
    "en": "To damage something so badly that it cannot be used."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "彻底破坏；使丧失",
    "en": "To completely end something valuable, such as trust or hope."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A sudden storm destroyed the old shed behind our house.",
    "zh": "一场突如其来的暴风雨摧毁了我们屋后的旧棚子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Uncontrolled urban expansion can destroy natural habitats and threaten the survival of species that depend on them.",
    "zh": "不受控制的城市扩张会摧毁自然栖息地，威胁依赖这些栖息地的物种生存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "destroy habitats｜摧毁栖息地",
   "destroy evidence｜销毁证据",
   "destroy confidence｜摧毁信心",
   "completely destroy｜彻底摧毁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "destruction (n.)",
   "destructive (adj.)",
   "destroyer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ruin",
   "wreck"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "create",
   "preserve"
  ],
  "tip": "destroy比damage程度重，通常指彻底毁坏。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "destroy"
 },
 {
  "w": "professor",
  "uk": "/prəˈfesə/",
  "us": "/prəˈfesər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "教授",
    "en": "A university teacher, especially one holding a senior academic position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our professor brought ancient coins to class today.",
    "zh": "我们的教授今天带了古钱币来上课。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The professor encouraged students to evaluate different sources before drawing conclusions about climate policy.",
    "zh": "这位教授鼓励学生在对气候政策下结论之前评估不同的信息来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "university professor｜大学教授",
   "professor of economics｜经济学教授",
   "visiting professor｜客座教授"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "professorship (n.)",
   "professorial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英国通常指高级职称；美国也泛指大学教师。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "professor"
 },
 {
  "w": "headphone",
  "uk": "/ˈhedfəʊn/",
  "us": "/ˈhedfoʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "耳机的一个听筒",
    "en": "one of two earpieces worn over the ears for listening"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I wear headphones so my music won't disturb anyone.",
    "zh": "我戴着耳机听音乐，这样就不会打扰别人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students using headphones in shared study spaces should keep the volume low to protect their hearing.",
    "zh": "在公共学习空间使用耳机的学生应保持较低音量，以保护听力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of headphones｜一副耳机",
   "wireless headphones｜无线耳机",
   "headphone jack｜耳机插孔"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "earpiece"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "日常说耳机通常用复数headphones，一副用a pair of。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "headphone"
 },
 {
  "w": "improve",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpruːv/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpruːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "改善；提高；变好",
    "en": "To become better or make something better."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cooking has improved since I started practising daily.",
    "zh": "自从开始每天练习，我的厨艺进步了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in teacher training can improve educational outcomes, especially in schools serving disadvantaged communities.",
    "zh": "投资教师培训可以改善教育成果，尤其是在服务弱势社区的学校中。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "improve performance｜提高表现",
   "improve access to｜改善获取……的机会",
   "improve significantly｜显著改善",
   "improve living standards｜提高生活水平"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "improvement (n.)",
   "improved (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enhance",
   "better"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "worsen",
   "deteriorate"
  ],
  "tip": "既可及物也可不及物：improve skills；skills improve。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "improve"
 },
 {
  "w": "cotton",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒtən/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "棉花",
    "en": "Soft white plant fibres used to make thread and fabric."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "棉布；棉线",
    "en": "Fabric or thread made from cotton fibres."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This cotton shirt feels soft even after many washes.",
    "zh": "这件棉衬衫洗了很多次后摸起来仍然很柔软。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cotton production can place considerable pressure on water supplies, particularly in regions with limited rainfall.",
    "zh": "棉花生产会给供水带来相当大的压力，尤其是在降雨量有限的地区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "organic cotton｜有机棉",
   "cotton fabric｜棉织物",
   "cotton wool｜脱脂棉",
   "cotton industry｜棉纺织业"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；cotton shirt中cotton作名词定语。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cotton"
 },
 {
  "w": "relationship",
  "uk": "/rɪˈleɪʃənʃɪp/",
  "us": "/rɪˈleɪʃənʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人际关系；恋爱关系",
    "en": "The way people know, feel about, and treat each other."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "关联；联系",
    "en": "A connection between things or the way they affect each other."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She has a warm relationship with her younger sister.",
    "zh": "她和妹妹的关系很亲密。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers are investigating the relationship between access to green spaces and mental health in urban communities.",
    "zh": "研究人员正在调查城市社区中绿地的可及性与心理健康之间的关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "build a relationship｜建立关系",
   "a close relationship｜亲密关系",
   "the relationship between A and B｜甲与乙之间的关系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "relate (v.)",
   "related (adj.)",
   "relation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "connection",
   "link"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与某人的关系用with；两者关系用between。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "relationship"
 },
 {
  "w": "plus",
  "uk": "/plʌs/",
  "us": "/plʌs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "加；加上",
    "en": "With something added to an amount or group."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "优点；有利因素",
    "en": "An advantage or positive feature."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "正的；零以上的",
    "en": "Greater than zero, especially when describing temperatures."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The room costs sixty pounds plus breakfast each night.",
    "zh": "房间每晚六十英镑，早餐另收费。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable housing plus reliable public transport can make expanding cities more accessible to workers on modest incomes.",
    "zh": "经济适用的住房加上可靠的公共交通，能让收入不高的劳动者更容易在扩张中的城市生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plus tax｜另加税费",
   "a big plus｜一大优点",
   "plus ten degrees｜零上十度"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "minus"
  ],
  "tip": "plus作名词表示优点时可数，如a big plus。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plus"
 },
 {
  "w": "jazz",
  "uk": "/dʒæz/",
  "us": "/dʒæz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爵士乐",
    "en": "Music with strong rhythms and often freely invented melodies."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We listened to jazz while cooking dinner together.",
    "zh": "我们一起做晚饭时听了爵士乐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community jazz festivals can attract visitors while giving local musicians valuable opportunities to perform.",
    "zh": "社区爵士音乐节既能吸引游客，也能为当地音乐人提供宝贵的演出机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "jazz band｜爵士乐队",
   "jazz festival｜爵士音乐节",
   "jazz musician｜爵士乐手"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示音乐类型时通常不可数，不加 a。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jazz"
 },
 {
  "w": "kilogramme",
  "uk": "/ˈkɪləɡræm/",
  "us": "/ˈkɪləɡræm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "千克；公斤",
    "en": "A unit of mass equal to one thousand grams."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought a kilogramme of apples at the market.",
    "zh": "我们在市场买了一公斤苹果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Producing a kilogramme of beef generally requires more water than producing the same weight of vegetables.",
    "zh": "生产一公斤牛肉通常比生产同等重量的蔬菜需要更多的水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a kilogramme of rice｜一公斤大米",
   "half a kilogramme｜半公斤",
   "per kilogramme｜每公斤"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "kilogram",
   "kilo"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写变体；kilogram更常用，符号kg不加s。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kilogramme"
 },
 {
  "w": "onion",
  "uk": "/ˈʌnjən/",
  "us": "/ˈʌnjən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洋葱",
    "en": "a round vegetable with layers and a strong smell"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Chopping this onion is making my eyes water again.",
    "zh": "切这个洋葱又让我流眼泪了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing onions and other vegetables locally can shorten supply chains and provide communities with fresher produce.",
    "zh": "在本地种植洋葱等蔬菜可以缩短供应链，为社区提供更新鲜的农产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chop an onion｜切碎洋葱",
   "peel an onion｜剥洋葱",
   "onion rings｜洋葱圈"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "开头是元音音素，单数前用an：an onion。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "onion"
 },
 {
  "w": "storm",
  "uk": "/stɔːm/",
  "us": "/stɔːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "暴风雨；风暴",
    "en": "severe weather with strong winds and rain, snow, or thunder"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "怒气冲冲地走",
    "en": "to move somewhere angrily and forcefully"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "风波；强烈反响",
    "en": "a sudden wave of strong public anger or criticism"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed indoors while the storm shook the windows.",
    "zh": "暴风雨震得窗户直响，我们一直待在屋里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal communities need stronger flood defences to protect homes and essential services during severe storms.",
    "zh": "沿海社区需要更坚固的防洪设施，以在强风暴期间保护住房和基本公共服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a severe storm｜强风暴",
   "a storm of protest｜抗议浪潮",
   "storm out of the room｜怒气冲冲地走出房间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stormy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tempest"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "storm out表示愤然离开，不是风暴向外移动。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "storm"
 },
 {
  "w": "neighbourhood",
  "uk": "/ˈneɪbəhʊd/",
  "us": "/ˈneɪbɚhʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "街区；附近地区",
    "en": "An area around people's homes within a town or city."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "街坊邻里",
    "en": "The people living in a particular local area."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small bakery has just opened in our neighbourhood.",
    "zh": "我们街区刚开了一家小面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in neighbourhood parks can improve residents' health while creating opportunities for people to meet and socialise.",
    "zh": "投资建设社区公园可以改善居民健康，同时创造见面和社交的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a quiet neighbourhood｜安静的街区",
   "in the neighbourhood｜在附近",
   "a residential neighbourhood｜住宅区"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "neighbour (n.)",
   "neighbourly (adj.)",
   "neighbouring (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "local area"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写为neighbourhood，美式为neighborhood。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "neighbourhood"
 },
 {
  "w": "thin",
  "uk": "/θɪn/",
  "us": "/θɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "薄的；细的",
    "en": "Having little distance between opposite sides or surfaces."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "瘦的",
    "en": "Having little body fat or flesh."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使稀疏；变稀薄",
    "en": "To make or become less dense, thick, or numerous."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I wore a thin jacket and felt cold outside.",
    "zh": "我穿了件薄外套，在外面觉得冷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Thin layers of insulation can improve energy efficiency without significantly reducing the usable space inside buildings.",
    "zh": "薄层隔热材料能提高能源效率，同时不会明显减少建筑内部的可用空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a thin layer｜薄薄的一层",
   "thin slices｜薄片",
   "thin air｜稀薄的空气",
   "thin out｜变稀疏；疏除"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thinly (adv.)",
   "thinness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "thick",
   "fat"
  ],
  "tip": "形容身材时，thin不一定褒义；slim通常含赞美。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thin"
 },
 {
  "w": "print",
  "uk": "/prɪnt/",
  "us": "/prɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "印刷；打印",
    "en": "To produce words or images on paper using a machine"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "印刷文字；字体",
    "en": "Letters and words produced on paper by printing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "印痕；印迹",
    "en": "A mark left by something pressed against a surface"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you print two copies of this recipe?",
    "zh": "你能把这份食谱打印两份吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can reduce paper waste by encouraging students to print assignments only when physical copies are necessary.",
    "zh": "学校可以鼓励学生仅在需要纸质版时打印作业，以减少纸张浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "print a document｜打印文件",
   "small print｜小号字；细则",
   "in print｜已出版且仍可购得",
   "out of print｜已绝版"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "printer (n.)",
   "printing (n.)",
   "printable (adj.)",
   "reprint (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "print out指打印出来；out of print则指书已绝版。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "print"
 },
 {
  "w": "permission",
  "uk": "/pəˈmɪʃən/",
  "us": "/pɚˈmɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "许可；准许",
    "en": "agreement allowing someone to do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You need permission to borrow your sister's bicycle.",
    "zh": "你得先征得姐姐同意，才能借她的自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must obtain permission from participants before collecting personal information for a scientific study.",
    "zh": "研究人员为科学研究收集个人信息前，必须征得参与者同意。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ask for permission｜请求许可",
   "give permission｜给予许可",
   "without permission｜未经许可",
   "permission to do something｜做某事的许可"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "permit (v.)",
   "permissible (adj.)",
   "permissive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "consent",
   "approval"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "refusal"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；说give permission，不加a。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "permission"
 },
 {
  "w": "sleepy",
  "uk": "/ˈsliːpi/",
  "us": "/ˈsliːpi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "困倦的；想睡的",
    "en": "feeling tired and ready to sleep"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "安静冷清的",
    "en": "quiet and having very little activity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt sleepy after lunch and took a short nap.",
    "zh": "午饭后我觉得困，就小睡了一会儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who feel sleepy during lessons may struggle to concentrate and retain new information effectively.",
    "zh": "上课时感到困倦的学生可能难以集中注意力，也难以有效记住新知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel sleepy｜感到困倦",
   "sleepy village｜宁静的村庄",
   "sleepy eyes｜惺忪的睡眼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sleep (n.)",
   "sleep (v.)",
   "sleepiness (n.)",
   "sleepily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "drowsy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "alert",
   "wide awake"
  ],
  "tip": "sleepy是想睡的；asleep是已经睡着的。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sleepy"
 },
 {
  "w": "sick",
  "uk": "/sɪk/",
  "us": "/sɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "生病的；不舒服的",
    "en": "Suffering from an illness or feeling unwell."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "恶心的；想吐的",
    "en": "Feeling that you might vomit."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "厌烦的；受够了的",
    "en": "Very annoyed or tired of someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He stayed in bed because he felt sick this morning.",
    "zh": "他今天早上觉得不舒服，所以一直躺在床上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Paid sick leave allows employees to recover at home and reduces the spread of infections in workplaces.",
    "zh": "带薪病假让员工能在家康复，并减少感染在工作场所传播。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sick leave｜病假",
   "feel sick｜觉得恶心；不舒服",
   "be sick of｜厌烦",
   "call in sick｜打电话请病假"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sickness (n.)",
   "sickly (adj.)",
   "sicken (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ill",
   "unwell"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "healthy",
   "well"
  ],
  "tip": "英式英语中be sick常指呕吐，feel sick常指恶心。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sick"
 },
 {
  "w": "straight",
  "uk": "/streɪt/",
  "us": "/streɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "直的；笔直的",
    "en": "not curved or bent"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "径直；直接",
    "en": "directly, without turning or stopping"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "坦诚的；直率的",
    "en": "honest and clear rather than hiding the truth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Use a ruler to draw a straight line.",
    "zh": "用尺子画一条直线。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building straight roads across mountainous regions can be expensive and may damage natural habitats.",
    "zh": "在山区修建笔直的道路可能成本高昂，还可能破坏自然栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a straight line｜直线",
   "go straight ahead｜一直往前走",
   "a straight answer｜直截了当的回答"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "straighten (v)",
   "straightness (n)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "curved",
   "bent"
  ],
  "tip": "straight本身可作副词，不用加-ly。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "straight"
 },
 {
  "w": "housework",
  "uk": "/ˈhaʊswɜːk/",
  "us": "/ˈhaʊswɝːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "家务劳动",
    "en": "Work done to keep a home clean and tidy."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We share the housework so nobody spends Sunday cleaning alone.",
    "zh": "我们分担家务，这样就没人需要独自在周日打扫了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sharing housework fairly allows family members to balance paid employment with responsibilities at home more effectively.",
    "zh": "公平分担家务可以让家庭成员更有效地平衡有偿工作与家庭责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "do the housework｜做家务",
   "share the housework｜分担家务",
   "household chores｜家务杂事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "house (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "household chores"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数，不能说a housework；做家务用do。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "housework"
 },
 {
  "w": "noun",
  "uk": "/naʊn/",
  "us": "/naʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "名词",
    "en": "a word naming a person, place, thing, quality, or idea"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher asked us to circle every noun.",
    "zh": "老师让我们把每个名词都圈出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Understanding whether a noun is countable helps language learners choose appropriate articles and express quantities accurately in academic writing.",
    "zh": "了解名词是否可数，有助于语言学习者在学术写作中选用合适的冠词并准确表达数量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "countable noun｜可数名词",
   "uncountable noun｜不可数名词",
   "proper noun｜专有名词",
   "noun phrase｜名词短语"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词不只指实物，也可指advice等抽象概念。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "noun"
 },
 {
  "w": "tablet",
  "uk": "/ˈtæblət/",
  "us": "/ˈtæblət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "平板电脑",
    "en": "a portable computer with a flat touchscreen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "药片",
    "en": "a small solid dose of medicine swallowed whole"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "碑；刻字板",
    "en": "a flat stone or metal slab bearing an inscription"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I use my tablet to watch cooking videos.",
    "zh": "我用平板电脑看烹饪视频。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing every student with a tablet may improve access to resources, but teachers still need suitable training.",
    "zh": "为每名学生配备平板电脑可能有助于获取学习资源，但教师仍需接受适当培训。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tablet computer｜平板电脑",
   "take a tablet｜服用药片",
   "vitamin tablet｜维生素片"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tablet既指平板电脑，也指药片，需看语境。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tablet"
 },
 {
  "w": "toothache",
  "uk": "/ˈtuːθeɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈtuːθeɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牙痛",
    "en": "pain in a tooth or the surrounding area"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My toothache kept me awake for most of the night.",
    "zh": "牙痛让我大半夜都没睡着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable dental services allow people with toothache to seek treatment before more serious problems develop.",
    "zh": "价格可负担的牙科服务让牙痛患者能在问题恶化前就医。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have toothache｜牙痛",
   "severe toothache｜剧烈牙痛",
   "relieve toothache｜缓解牙痛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tooth (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常说have toothache，美式常说have a toothache。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "toothache"
 },
 {
  "w": "temperature",
  "uk": "/ˈtemprətʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈtemprətʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "温度；气温；体温",
    "en": "A measure of how hot or cold something is."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发烧",
    "en": "A body temperature higher than normal because of illness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The temperature dropped sharply after the sun went down.",
    "zh": "太阳落山后，气温急剧下降。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising ocean temperatures can damage coral reefs and threaten the survival of many marine species.",
    "zh": "海洋温度上升会破坏珊瑚礁，并威胁许多海洋物种的生存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "room temperature｜室温",
   "body temperature｜体温",
   "take someone's temperature｜测量某人的体温",
   "have a temperature｜发烧"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "have a temperature通常指发烧，不只是有体温。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "temperature"
 },
 {
  "w": "enemy",
  "uk": "/ˈenəmi/",
  "us": "/ˈenəmi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "敌人；敌方",
    "en": "A person or group that opposes or wants to harm another."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "危害物；大敌",
    "en": "Something that seriously harms or threatens something else."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "In the story, the prince becomes friends with his enemy.",
    "zh": "故事里，王子和他的敌人成了朋友。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public distrust can become an enemy of effective environmental policy, particularly when governments fail to explain their decisions.",
    "zh": "公众的不信任可能成为有效环境政策的大敌，尤其是在政府未能解释其决策时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bitter enemy｜死敌",
   "common enemy｜共同的敌人",
   "enemy forces｜敌军"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "foe",
   "adversary"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "friend",
   "ally"
  ],
  "tip": "enemy指敌人；比赛对手通常用opponent。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enemy"
 },
 {
  "w": "snowboarding",
  "uk": "/ˈsnəʊbɔːdɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈsnoʊbɔːrdɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "单板滑雪运动",
    "en": "The sport of travelling down snowy slopes on one board."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I tried snowboarding yesterday and landed in soft snow.",
    "zh": "昨天我尝试了单板滑雪，摔进了松软的雪里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Snowboarding lessons should include safety training so that beginners can share mountain slopes responsibly.",
    "zh": "单板滑雪课程应包含安全训练，让初学者能负责任地与他人共用山坡雪道。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go snowboarding｜去玩单板滑雪",
   "snowboarding lessons｜单板滑雪课程",
   "snowboarding equipment｜单板滑雪装备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "snowboard (n.)",
   "snowboard (v.)",
   "snowboarder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "snowboarding双脚固定在一块板上，区别于双板滑雪。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "snowboarding"
 },
 {
  "w": "skate",
  "uk": "/skeɪt/",
  "us": "/skeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "滑冰；滑旱冰",
    "en": "to move over ice or ground wearing special wheeled or bladed shoes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冰鞋；旱冰鞋",
    "en": "a boot with a blade or wheels for moving smoothly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We skate around the rink every Saturday afternoon.",
    "zh": "我们每周六下午都在溜冰场滑冰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public facilities where children can skate safely encourage physical activity and provide affordable recreation for families.",
    "zh": "供儿童安全滑冰的公共设施能鼓励体育活动，并为家庭提供经济实惠的娱乐选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ice skate｜滑冰",
   "roller skate｜滑旱冰",
   "a pair of skates｜一双溜冰鞋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "skater (n.)",
   "skating (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "鞋子常用复数skates；go skating表示去滑冰。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "skate"
 },
 {
  "w": "point",
  "uk": "/pɔɪnt/",
  "us": "/pɔɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "观点；要点",
    "en": "an idea or detail expressed in speech or writing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尖端；尖头",
    "en": "the sharp, narrow end of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "指向；指给……看",
    "en": "show a direction or object with a finger or tool"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You made a good point about sharing the kitchen.",
    "zh": "关于共用厨房，你说得很有道理。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The main point of this argument is that education should remain accessible to everyone.",
    "zh": "这一论证的核心观点是，每个人都应能获得教育机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a point｜提出观点",
   "main point｜要点",
   "point of view｜观点；看法",
   "point at something｜指着某物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pointed (adj.)",
   "pointless (adj.)",
   "pointer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "make a point是提出观点；point at是指着。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "point"
 },
 {
  "w": "none",
  "uk": "/nʌn/",
  "us": "/nʌn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "一个也没有；毫无",
    "en": "not any of the people or things being considered"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "毫不；一点也不",
    "en": "not at all, used before certain comparative expressions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I checked the biscuit tin, but there were none left.",
    "zh": "我看了看饼干罐，但一块也没剩下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although several solutions were proposed, none addressed the underlying causes of inequality in access to education.",
    "zh": "虽然提出了多种解决办法，但没有一种触及教育机会不平等的根本原因。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "none of｜……中没有一个",
   "none at all｜完全没有",
   "none the wiser｜仍然不明白",
   "none other than｜正是；不是别人而是"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "none可独立用；修饰名词用no，如no books。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "none"
 },
 {
  "w": "ocean",
  "uk": "/ˈəʊʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海洋；大洋",
    "en": "The vast salt water covering much of Earth's surface."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the sun rise over the ocean.",
    "zh": "我们看着太阳从海面上升起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Plastic waste entering the ocean threatens marine wildlife and can eventually affect human health through food chains.",
    "zh": "进入海洋的塑料垃圾威胁海洋野生动物，并最终可能通过食物链影响人类健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ocean currents｜洋流",
   "the ocean floor｜海底",
   "ocean pollution｜海洋污染"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "oceanic (adj.)",
   "oceanography (n.)",
   "oceanographer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sea"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ocean通常比sea范围大；专名常加the。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ocean"
 },
 {
  "w": "pleasant",
  "uk": "/ˈplezənt/",
  "us": "/ˈplezənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人愉快的；舒适的",
    "en": "Enjoyable or comfortable to experience."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "友善的；和蔼的",
    "en": "Friendly and polite towards other people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We enjoyed a pleasant walk beside the river.",
    "zh": "我们在河边愉快地散了步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public gardens provide pleasant spaces where residents can exercise, socialise, and escape the pressures of urban life.",
    "zh": "公共花园提供舒适宜人的空间，让居民锻炼、社交，并暂时摆脱城市生活的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pleasant weather｜宜人的天气",
   "a pleasant surprise｜惊喜",
   "a pleasant atmosphere｜愉快的氛围"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pleasantly (adv.)",
   "pleasantness (n.)",
   "unpleasant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enjoyable",
   "agreeable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unpleasant"
  ],
  "tip": "pleasant形容事物令人愉快；pleased形容人感到高兴。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pleasant"
 },
 {
  "w": "borrow",
  "uk": "/ˈbɒrəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈbɑːroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "借入；借用",
    "en": "To take and use something with permission, then return it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "借鉴；引入",
    "en": "To use an idea or word from another source."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could I borrow your umbrella until tomorrow morning?",
    "zh": "我能借用一下你的伞，明天早上还吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many languages borrow words from others as international trade and cultural exchange bring communities closer.",
    "zh": "随着国际贸易和文化交流拉近各群体的距离，许多语言会从其他语言中引入词汇。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "borrow from｜向……借；借鉴",
   "borrow money｜借钱",
   "borrow a book｜借书",
   "borrow heavily｜大量举债"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "borrower (n.)",
   "borrowing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "lend"
  ],
  "tip": "borrow是借入，lend是借出；向某人借用from。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "borrow"
 },
 {
  "w": "seem",
  "uk": "/siːm/",
  "us": "/siːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "似乎；看来",
    "en": "To appear to be a certain way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You seem tired after your long walk home.",
    "zh": "你走了那么远的路回家，看起来很累。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although online courses seem convenient, some learners benefit more from direct interaction with teachers and classmates.",
    "zh": "尽管网络课程似乎很方便，一些学习者仍能从与老师和同学的直接互动中获益更多。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "seem likely｜似乎有可能",
   "seem to be｜似乎是",
   "it seems that｜看来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "seeming (adj.)",
   "seemingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "appear"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用seem＋形容词或seem to do，不表示装作。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seem"
 },
 {
  "w": "shelf",
  "uk": "/ʃelf/",
  "us": "/ʃelf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "搁板；架子",
    "en": "A flat board used to support or store things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陆架；岩石凸台",
    "en": "A broad, relatively flat area of rock or seabed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Put the clean cups on the shelf above the sink.",
    "zh": "把干净杯子放在水槽上方的架子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Placing healthy snacks on shelves at eye level may encourage shoppers to make more nutritious food choices.",
    "zh": "把健康零食摆在与视线齐平的货架上，可能促使购物者选择更有营养的食品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "top shelf｜最上层搁板",
   "shelf space｜货架空间",
   "shelf life｜保质期",
   "continental shelf｜大陆架"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shelve (v.)",
   "shelving (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数是shelves；shelf life指保质期。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shelf"
 },
 {
  "w": "Portuguese",
  "uk": "/ˌpɔːtʃʊˈɡiːz/",
  "us": "/ˌpɔːrtʃəˈɡiːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "葡萄牙语",
    "en": "The language spoken in Portugal, Brazil, and several other countries"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "葡萄牙的；葡萄牙语的",
    "en": "Relating to Portugal, its people, or their language"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "葡萄牙人（统称）",
    "en": "The people of Portugal, considered as a group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My neighbour speaks Portuguese with her family at home.",
    "zh": "我的邻居在家和家人说葡萄牙语。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning Portuguese can help students access a wider range of literature and international career opportunities.",
    "zh": "学习葡萄牙语能帮助学生接触更广泛的文学作品，并获得国际就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "speak Portuguese｜说葡萄牙语",
   "European Portuguese｜欧洲葡萄牙语",
   "Portuguese culture｜葡萄牙文化"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母大写；单个葡萄牙人用a Portuguese person。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "portuguese"
 },
 {
  "w": "anyway",
  "uk": "/ˈeniweɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈeniweɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "即使如此；无论如何",
    "en": "Despite what has happened or what someone has said."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "再说；总之",
    "en": "Used to add a reason or return to the main subject."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It started raining, but we went for a walk anyway.",
    "zh": "虽然开始下雨了，但我们还是去散步了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some residents oppose the new railway, but the government intends to proceed anyway because of its economic benefits.",
    "zh": "一些居民反对修建新铁路，但政府考虑到其经济效益，仍打算推进项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "do it anyway｜无论如何还是去做",
   "go anyway｜即使如此也去",
   "thanks anyway｜不管怎样还是谢谢你"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "anyhow"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "anyway是副词；any way指任何方式。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anyway"
 },
 {
  "w": "lipstick",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪpstɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪpstɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "口红；唇膏",
    "en": "A cosmetic applied to lips to give them colour."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She put on red lipstick before leaving the house.",
    "zh": "她出门前涂了红色口红。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cosmetics companies are developing refillable lipstick containers to reduce packaging waste and respond to environmental concerns.",
    "zh": "化妆品公司正在开发可替换内芯的口红管，以减少包装废弃物并回应环保关切。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wear lipstick｜涂着口红",
   "apply lipstick｜涂口红",
   "a tube of lipstick｜一管口红",
   "lipstick stain｜口红印"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "物质义不可数；一管口红用a tube of lipstick。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lipstick"
 },
 {
  "w": "cooker",
  "uk": "/ˈkʊkə/",
  "us": "/ˈkʊkər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "炉灶；炊具",
    "en": "an appliance used for cooking food"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup is bubbling in a pot on the cooker.",
    "zh": "锅里的汤正在炉灶上咕嘟咕嘟地冒泡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing an inefficient cooker with a modern appliance can reduce household energy consumption over time.",
    "zh": "用现代设备替换低效炉灶，长远来看可以减少家庭能源消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gas cooker｜燃气灶",
   "electric cooker｜电炉灶",
   "pressure cooker｜高压锅",
   "rice cooker｜电饭锅"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cook (v.)",
   "cooking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式cooker指炉灶，美式常用stove；厨师是cook。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cooker"
 },
 {
  "w": "clothing",
  "uk": "/ˈkləʊðɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈkloʊðɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "衣服；服装（总称）",
    "en": "Things people wear to cover or protect their bodies."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Pack some warm clothing for our weekend camping trip.",
    "zh": "为我们周末的露营之旅带些保暖衣物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The clothing industry can reduce its environmental impact by using recycled materials and designing products that last longer.",
    "zh": "服装行业可以通过使用再生材料和设计更耐穿的产品来减少对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "warm clothing｜保暖衣物",
   "protective clothing｜防护服",
   "an item of clothing｜一件衣物",
   "clothing industry｜服装业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clothe (v.)",
   "clothes (n.)",
   "clothed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clothes",
   "garments"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "clothing不可数；一件衣服用an item of clothing。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clothing"
 },
 {
  "w": "height",
  "uk": "/haɪt/",
  "us": "/haɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "高度；身高",
    "en": "the measurement of how tall someone or something is"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "离地高度；海拔",
    "en": "the distance of something above the ground or sea"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "顶峰；最盛时期",
    "en": "the time when something is strongest or most successful"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She adjusted the chair's height so her feet reached the floor.",
    "zh": "她调节了椅子的高度，让双脚能够踩到地面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restricting the height of new buildings can protect historic views and preserve the character of older neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "限制新建筑的高度可以保护历史景观，并保留老街区的特色。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "average height｜平均身高；平均高度",
   "at a height of｜在……的高度",
   "a fear of heights｜恐高",
   "at the height of｜在……的鼎盛时期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "high (adj.)",
   "heighten (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "height 是名词；形容人高用 tall，物体高可用 high。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "height"
 },
 {
  "w": "bake",
  "uk": "/beɪk/",
  "us": "/beɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "烘焙；烤",
    "en": "To cook food in an oven using dry heat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I baked some bread while the children set the table.",
    "zh": "孩子们摆餐具时，我烤了些面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can teach children to bake simple foods as part of practical lessons about nutrition and independence.",
    "zh": "学校可以教孩子烘焙简单的食物，将其作为营养与独立生活实践课的一部分。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bake bread｜烤面包",
   "bake a cake｜烤蛋糕",
   "freshly baked｜刚出炉的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "baker (n.)",
   "bakery (n.)",
   "baking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bake常用于面包、蛋糕；烤肉通常用roast。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bake"
 },
 {
  "w": "gardener",
  "uk": "/ˈɡɑːdənə/",
  "us": "/ˈɡɑːrdənər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "园丁；园艺爱好者",
    "en": "someone who grows and cares for plants in a garden"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The gardener planted bright flowers along our front path.",
    "zh": "园丁沿着我们门前的小路种下了鲜艳的花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community gardeners can improve urban biodiversity by growing native plants that provide food and shelter for wildlife.",
    "zh": "社区园艺爱好者可以种植为野生动物提供食物和栖息处的本土植物，从而改善城市生物多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a professional gardener｜职业园丁",
   "a keen gardener｜热衷园艺的人",
   "an experienced gardener｜有经验的园丁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "garden (n.)",
   "garden (v.)",
   "gardening (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指职业园丁，也可指在自家种花种菜的爱好者。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gardener"
 },
 {
  "w": "nearly",
  "uk": "/ˈnɪəli/",
  "us": "/ˈnɪrli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "几乎；差不多",
    "en": "Almost, but not completely or exactly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I nearly missed the bus because I overslept.",
    "zh": "我睡过了头，差点没赶上公交车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Nearly half of the surveyed residents supported expanding public transport rather than building additional roads.",
    "zh": "受访居民中近一半支持扩建公共交通系统，而不是增建道路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nearly half｜近一半",
   "nearly finished｜快完成了",
   "nearly impossible｜几乎不可能",
   "not nearly enough｜远远不够"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "near (adj.)",
   "nearness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "almost",
   "practically"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nearly表示差一点达到；not nearly表示远远不。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nearly"
 },
 {
  "w": "pyjamas",
  "uk": "/pəˈdʒɑːməz/",
  "us": "/pəˈdʒɑːməz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "睡衣裤",
    "en": "a loose top and trousers worn for sleeping"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I put on my pyjamas and climbed into bed.",
    "zh": "我穿上睡衣裤，爬上了床。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing comfortable pyjamas and maintaining a regular bedtime may help children establish healthier sleep routines.",
    "zh": "选择舒适的睡衣裤并保持固定的就寝时间，可能有助于儿童养成更健康的睡眠习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of pyjamas｜一套睡衣裤",
   "cotton pyjamas｜棉质睡衣裤",
   "put on pyjamas｜穿上睡衣裤"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用复数；一套用a pair of；美式拼pajamas。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pyjamas"
 },
 {
  "w": "century",
  "uk": "/ˈsentʃəri/",
  "us": "/ˈsentʃəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "世纪；一百年",
    "en": "A period of one hundred years."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This bridge was built more than a century ago.",
    "zh": "这座桥建于一个多世纪以前。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Over the past century, improvements in sanitation have contributed significantly to longer life expectancy worldwide.",
    "zh": "过去一个世纪里，卫生条件的改善对全球预期寿命的延长作出了重大贡献。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the twentieth century｜二十世纪",
   "over a century ago｜一个多世纪以前",
   "the turn of the century｜世纪之交"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "centennial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "世纪序数比年份前两位大一：如1901—2000为20世纪。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "century"
 },
 {
  "w": "score",
  "uk": "/skɔː/",
  "us": "/skɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "得分；分数",
    "en": "the points gained in a game, test, or competition"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "得分；获得分数",
    "en": "to gain points in a game, test, or competition"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "配乐；乐谱",
    "en": "music written for a film or the written music itself"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My score improved after a week of practice.",
    "zh": "练习一周后，我的分数提高了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Test scores provide useful information, but they cannot fully reflect students' creativity or practical skills.",
    "zh": "考试分数能提供有用的信息，却无法全面反映学生的创造力或实践技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a high score｜高分",
   "score a goal｜进球得分",
   "test scores｜考试分数",
   "a film score｜电影配乐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scorer (n.)",
   "scoring (n.)",
   "scoreless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "score可作名词或动词；score a goal指进球得分。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "score"
 },
 {
  "w": "cycling",
  "uk": "/ˈsaɪklɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈsaɪklɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "骑自行车；自行车运动",
    "en": "The activity of riding a bicycle for transport or exercise."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We go cycling beside the river every Sunday morning.",
    "zh": "我们每个星期天早上都沿河骑自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in safe cycling routes can encourage commuters to choose healthier and less polluting forms of transport.",
    "zh": "投资建设安全的自行车道可以鼓励通勤者选择更健康、污染更少的交通方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go cycling｜去骑自行车",
   "cycling route｜骑行路线",
   "cycling helmet｜自行车头盔",
   "cycling infrastructure｜骑行基础设施"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cycle (v.)",
   "cyclist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bicycling"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示这项活动时通常不可数；常说go cycling。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cycling"
 },
 {
  "w": "act",
  "uk": "/ækt/",
  "us": "/ækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "行动；表现；扮演",
    "en": "To take action, behave in a way, or perform a role."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行为；举动",
    "en": "Something that someone does."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "法令；法案",
    "en": "A law formally approved by a legislative body."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We must act quickly before the kitchen sink overflows.",
    "zh": "我们必须赶快采取行动，免得厨房水槽里的水溢出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments need to act decisively to reduce air pollution and protect the health of urban residents.",
    "zh": "政府需要果断采取行动，减少空气污染，保护城市居民的健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "act quickly｜迅速行动",
   "act as｜充当",
   "an act of kindness｜善举",
   "pass an act｜通过法案"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "action (n.)",
   "actor (n.)",
   "acting (n.)",
   "active (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "act as表示充当；act还可指戏剧的一幕。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "act"
 },
 {
  "w": "season",
  "uk": "/ˈsiːzən/",
  "us": "/ˈsiːzən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "季节",
    "en": "One of the main yearly periods with particular weather conditions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旺季；赛季；活动期",
    "en": "A period when a particular activity or event usually happens."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……调味",
    "en": "Add salt, herbs, or spices to improve food's flavour."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Autumn is my favourite season for walking in the woods.",
    "zh": "秋天是我最喜欢去林中散步的季节。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A longer tourist season can create more stable employment, although it may increase pressure on local resources.",
    "zh": "更长的旅游旺季可以创造更稳定的就业，但也可能加大当地资源的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rainy season｜雨季",
   "peak season｜旺季",
   "football season｜足球赛季",
   "season with salt｜用盐调味"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "seasonal (adj.)",
   "seasonally (adv.)",
   "seasoning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "season作动词指调味，常用season food with…。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "season"
 },
 {
  "w": "guess",
  "uk": "/ɡes/",
  "us": "/ɡes/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猜测；猜中",
    "en": "To give an answer without having enough information to be certain."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "猜测；推测",
    "en": "An answer or opinion given without being certain."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "认为；想来",
    "en": "To think something is probably true, without being completely sure."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you guess what is inside this little box?",
    "zh": "你能猜出这个小盒子里装着什么吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without reliable data, researchers can only guess how changes in transport costs will affect household spending.",
    "zh": "没有可靠的数据，研究人员只能猜测交通费用变化会如何影响家庭支出。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a guess｜猜一猜",
   "an educated guess｜有依据的猜测",
   "guess correctly｜猜对"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "guesswork (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "estimate",
   "suppose"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "I guess偏口语，表示“我想、大概”，语气不确定。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "guess"
 },
 {
  "w": "timetable",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪmteɪbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪmteɪbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "时间表；时刻表；课程表",
    "en": "A schedule showing when lessons, journeys, or other events happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为…安排时间",
    "en": "To arrange when an event or activity will happen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I checked the timetable before leaving for the station.",
    "zh": "去车站前，我查看了时刻表。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A flexible school timetable can help students balance academic subjects with physical activity and creative learning.",
    "zh": "灵活的学校课程表有助于学生兼顾文化课、体育活动和创造性学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "train timetable｜列车时刻表",
   "school timetable｜学校课程表",
   "a revised timetable｜调整后的时间表"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "schedule"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常用timetable；美式常用schedule。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "timetable"
 },
 {
  "w": "princess",
  "uk": "/ˌprɪnˈses/",
  "us": "/ˈprɪnses/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公主；王妃",
    "en": "A king's or queen's daughter, or a prince's wife."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The princess waved to the crowd from her carriage.",
    "zh": "公主从马车里向人群挥手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional stories often portray a princess as dependent, whereas modern adaptations increasingly emphasise her independence and leadership.",
    "zh": "传统故事常将公主塑造成依赖他人的形象，而现代改编作品越来越强调她的独立性和领导力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a royal princess｜王室公主",
   "a fairy-tale princess｜童话公主"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prince (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指君主的女儿，也可指王子的妻子。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "princess"
 },
 {
  "w": "gramme",
  "uk": "/ɡræm/",
  "us": "/ɡræm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "克",
    "en": "a unit of mass equal to one thousandth of a kilogram"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Add one gramme of salt to the soup.",
    "zh": "往汤里加一克盐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even a single gramme of certain pollutants can harm aquatic life when released into a small pond.",
    "zh": "某些污染物即使只有一克，排入小池塘后也可能危害水生生物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a gramme of salt｜一克盐",
   "per gramme｜每克",
   "weigh in grammes｜以克称重"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gram (n.)",
   "kilogramme (n.)",
   "milligramme (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gram"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gramme是英式变体；gram更常用，单位符号为g。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gramme"
 },
 {
  "w": "able",
  "uk": "/ˈeɪbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈeɪbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "能够的",
    "en": "having the skill, opportunity, or means to do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "能干的；有才干的",
    "en": "skilled and effective at doing things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I am finally able to swim across the pool.",
    "zh": "我终于能够游到泳池的另一端了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "With reliable internet access, rural students are able to attend courses previously available only in cities.",
    "zh": "有了可靠的互联网接入，农村学生就能参加以前只有城市才提供的课程。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be able to｜能够",
   "an able leader｜能干的领导者",
   "an able student｜有才干的学生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ability (n.)",
   "unable (adj.)",
   "ably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "capable",
   "competent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unable",
   "incapable"
  ],
  "tip": "表示能够做某事用be able to do，不用able doing。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "able"
 },
 {
  "w": "ham",
  "uk": "/hæm/",
  "us": "/hæm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "火腿",
    "en": "Meat from a pig's leg, preserved by salting or smoking."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I put some ham and cheese in my sandwich.",
    "zh": "我在三明治里放了些火腿和奶酪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Processed meats such as ham often contain substantial amounts of salt, which consumers should consider when planning meals.",
    "zh": "火腿等加工肉类通常含盐量较高，消费者安排膳食时应考虑这一点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a slice of ham｜一片火腿",
   "smoked ham｜烟熏火腿",
   "ham sandwich｜火腿三明治"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示火腿肉通常不可数；一片用a slice of ham。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ham"
 },
 {
  "w": "garbage",
  "uk": "/ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈɡɑːrbɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "垃圾；废弃物",
    "en": "waste material that people throw away"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "废话；无价值的东西",
    "en": "something considered untrue, useless, or very poor in quality"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please take the garbage out before it starts smelling.",
    "zh": "请在垃圾发臭之前把它拿出去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities can reduce the amount of garbage sent to landfill by improving recycling facilities and public awareness.",
    "zh": "城市可以通过改善回收设施和提高公众意识，减少运往填埋场的垃圾量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take out the garbage｜把垃圾拿出去",
   "garbage collection｜垃圾收集",
   "a garbage bag｜垃圾袋",
   "a garbage can｜垃圾桶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "rubbish",
   "trash"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；常见于美式英语，英式多用rubbish。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "garbage"
 },
 {
  "w": "cleaner",
  "uk": "/ˈkliːnə/",
  "us": "/ˈkliːnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "清洁工",
    "en": "a person paid to clean buildings or rooms"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "清洁剂；清洁器",
    "en": "a substance or device used to remove dirt"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "更干净的；更清洁的",
    "en": "having less dirt or causing less pollution"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cleaner emptied the bins before the office opened.",
    "zh": "清洁工在办公室开门前清空了垃圾桶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hospitals should provide every cleaner with suitable protective equipment and training to reduce infection risks.",
    "zh": "医院应为每位清洁工提供合适的防护装备和培训，以降低感染风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "office cleaner｜办公室清洁工",
   "window cleaner｜窗户清洁工；玻璃清洁剂",
   "vacuum cleaner｜吸尘器",
   "household cleaner｜家用清洁剂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clean (v.)",
   "cleaning (n.)",
   "cleanliness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a cleaner通常指清洁工；cleaner也是clean的比较级。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cleaner"
 },
 {
  "w": "PC",
  "uk": "/ˌpiː ˈsiː/",
  "us": "/ˌpiː ˈsiː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "个人电脑",
    "en": "A computer designed for use by one person."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My PC takes ages to start on cold mornings.",
    "zh": "天气寒冷的早晨，我的个人电脑要很久才能启动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing each student with a PC may improve access to digital resources, but requires substantial funding.",
    "zh": "为每个学生配备一台个人电脑或许能改善数字资源的获取条件，但需要大量资金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "desktop PC｜台式个人电脑",
   "use a PC｜使用个人电脑",
   "PC software｜个人电脑软件"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "personal computer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "PC是personal computer的缩写；复数为PCs。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pc"
 },
 {
  "w": "degree",
  "uk": "/dɪˈɡriː/",
  "us": "/dɪˈɡriː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学位",
    "en": "a qualification awarded after completing a university course"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "程度",
    "en": "the amount or level of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "度；度数",
    "en": "a unit used to measure temperature or angles"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin earned a degree in engineering last summer.",
    "zh": "我表姐去年夏天获得了工程学学位。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although a university degree can improve employment prospects, practical experience remains highly valuable in many industries.",
    "zh": "虽然大学学位能改善就业前景，但实践经验在许多行业仍然十分重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a degree in economics｜经济学学位",
   "a bachelor's degree｜学士学位",
   "to some degree｜在某种程度上",
   "degrees Celsius｜摄氏度"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "某专业的学位用a degree in；程度义常见to some degree。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "degree"
 },
 {
  "w": "textbook",
  "uk": "/ˈtekstbʊk/",
  "us": "/ˈtekstbʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "教科书；课本",
    "en": "A book used to study a particular subject."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "典型的；标准的",
    "en": "Showing exactly how something usually happens or should be done."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left my science textbook on the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "我把科学课本落在厨房桌上了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital textbooks can reduce school expenses, although some students find printed materials easier to study.",
    "zh": "电子教材可以降低学校开支，不过一些学生觉得纸质材料更便于学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "school textbook｜学校教材",
   "textbook example｜典型例子",
   "textbook publisher｜教材出版商"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作形容词时指典型或标准，如textbook example。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "textbook"
 },
 {
  "w": "leather",
  "uk": "/ˈleðə/",
  "us": "/ˈleðər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "皮革",
    "en": "animal skin treated for making clothes, bags, and other goods"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her old leather bag still feels soft and smooth.",
    "zh": "她的旧皮包摸起来仍然柔软光滑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some consumers avoid leather products because they are concerned about animal welfare and the environmental impact of production.",
    "zh": "一些消费者避免购买皮革制品，因为他们关心动物福利以及生产对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "leather jacket｜皮夹克",
   "genuine leather｜真皮",
   "leather goods｜皮革制品",
   "synthetic leather｜合成革"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；leather jacket中名词作定语。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "leather"
 },
 {
  "w": "truck",
  "uk": "/trʌk/",
  "us": "/trʌk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卡车；载货汽车",
    "en": "A large road vehicle used for carrying goods."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用卡车运输",
    "en": "To transport goods by truck."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A truck delivered fresh vegetables to the market this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早晨，一辆卡车把新鲜蔬菜送到了市场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Transporting goods by truck offers flexibility, but rail freight can reduce emissions over longer distances.",
    "zh": "用卡车运输货物较为灵活，但长途铁路货运能减少排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "delivery truck｜送货卡车",
   "truck driver｜卡车司机",
   "truck goods｜用卡车运货"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trucking (n.)",
   "trucker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lorry"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "truck常用于美式英语，英式英语常用lorry。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "truck"
 },
 {
  "w": "toaster",
  "uk": "/ˈtəʊstə/",
  "us": "/ˈtoʊstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烤面包机",
    "en": "an electrical appliance that heats bread until crisp and brown"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Two slices of bread popped out of the toaster.",
    "zh": "两片面包从烤面包机里弹了出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small appliances such as toasters should be designed for easy repair rather than frequent replacement.",
    "zh": "烤面包机等小型电器的设计应便于维修，而不是让人频繁更换。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "put bread in the toaster｜把面包放进烤面包机",
   "two-slice toaster｜双片烤面包机",
   "toaster oven｜台式烤箱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "toast (n.)",
   "toast (v.)",
   "toasted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "toaster是电器；toast指烤面包时不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "toaster"
 },
 {
  "w": "yogurt",
  "uk": "/ˈjɒɡət/",
  "us": "/ˈjoʊɡərt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酸奶",
    "en": "A thick, slightly sour food made by fermenting milk."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I mix fresh berries into my yogurt every morning.",
    "zh": "我每天早上都往酸奶里拌入新鲜浆果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Plain yogurt can contribute to a balanced diet by providing protein and calcium without added sugar.",
    "zh": "原味酸奶能提供蛋白质和钙，且不含添加糖，有助于实现均衡饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plain yogurt｜原味酸奶",
   "low-fat yogurt｜低脂酸奶",
   "a pot of yogurt｜一小罐酸奶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也常拼作yoghurt；通常不可数，一份可用a yogurt。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "yogurt"
 },
 {
  "w": "recent",
  "uk": "/ˈriːsənt/",
  "us": "/ˈriːsənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最近的；不久前的",
    "en": "having happened or started a short time ago"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Have you seen any recent photos of our puppy?",
    "zh": "你看过我们家小狗最近的照片吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recent advances in medical technology have improved treatment options for patients living in remote communities.",
    "zh": "医疗技术的近期进步改善了偏远社区患者的治疗选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "recent research｜近期研究",
   "recent developments｜近期进展",
   "in recent years｜近年来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recently (adv.)",
   "recency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "old"
  ],
  "tip": "recent是形容词；修饰动作要用recently。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recent"
 },
 {
  "w": "burger",
  "uk": "/ˈbɜːɡə/",
  "us": "/ˈbɝːɡər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汉堡包；汉堡肉饼",
    "en": "A flat food patty, often served inside a round bread roll"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I ordered a bean burger with salad for lunch.",
    "zh": "我午餐点了一个豆类汉堡配沙拉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restaurants can reduce their environmental impact by offering plant-based burgers alongside traditional meat dishes.",
    "zh": "餐馆可以在供应传统肉类菜肴的同时提供植物基汉堡，以减少对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "beef burger｜牛肉汉堡",
   "veggie burger｜素食汉堡",
   "burger bun｜汉堡面包"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "hamburger"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "burger也可指肉饼本身，并非都以牛肉制成。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "burger"
 },
 {
  "w": "nearest",
  "uk": "/ˈnɪərɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈnɪrɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最近的；最接近的",
    "en": "Closest in distance, time, or similarity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "最近地；最接近地",
    "en": "At the shortest distance from someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you show me the way to the nearest pharmacy?",
    "zh": "你能告诉我去最近的药店怎么走吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "For many rural residents, the nearest hospital is several hours away, making access to emergency care difficult.",
    "zh": "对许多农村居民而言，最近的医院也有数小时路程，这让急诊医疗服务难以获得。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nearest hospital｜最近的医院",
   "nearest neighbour｜最近的邻居",
   "nearest available｜最近可用的",
   "to the nearest kilometre｜四舍五入到整公里"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "near (adj.)",
   "nearly (adv.)",
   "nearness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "closest"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "farthest",
   "furthest"
  ],
  "tip": "near的最高级；作定语时通常用the nearest。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nearest"
 },
 {
  "w": "candle",
  "uk": "/ˈkændl/",
  "us": "/ˈkændl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蜡烛",
    "en": "a piece of wax with a central string that burns"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He lit a candle when the electricity went off.",
    "zh": "停电时，他点了一支蜡烛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although candles create a pleasant atmosphere, they should never be left burning unattended in homes or public spaces.",
    "zh": "虽然蜡烛能营造宜人的氛围，但在住宅或公共场所，绝不能让其在无人看管时燃烧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "light a candle｜点蜡烛",
   "blow out a candle｜吹灭蜡烛",
   "scented candle｜香薰蜡烛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "candlelight (n.)",
   "candlestick (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "点蜡烛用light；吹灭用blow out。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "candle"
 },
 {
  "w": "behavior",
  "uk": "/bɪˈheɪvjə/",
  "us": "/bɪˈheɪvjər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行为；举止",
    "en": "the way a person or animal acts"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运行特性；反应方式",
    "en": "the way a substance or system acts under particular conditions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puppy's calm behavior surprised everyone at the park.",
    "zh": "这只小狗安静的表现让公园里的每个人都很惊讶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage responsible behavior by giving students meaningful opportunities to participate in decisions affecting their community.",
    "zh": "学校可以让学生有实质性机会参与影响其社区的决策，以此鼓励负责任的行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "good behavior｜良好行为",
   "consumer behavior｜消费者行为",
   "animal behavior｜动物行为",
   "patterns of behavior｜行为模式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "behave (v.)",
   "behavioral (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "conduct"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式拼写；英式为behaviour。通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "behavior"
 },
 {
  "w": "factory",
  "uk": "/ˈfæktəri/",
  "us": "/ˈfæktəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工厂",
    "en": "A building or group of buildings where goods are manufactured."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt works at a factory that makes bicycles.",
    "zh": "我姑姑在一家生产自行车的工厂工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should require factory owners to reduce harmful emissions without compromising the safety and livelihoods of their workers.",
    "zh": "政府应要求工厂主减少有害排放，同时不损害工人的安全和生计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "factory worker｜工厂工人",
   "factory owner｜工厂主",
   "factory production｜工厂生产"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为factories；指制造产品的场所。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "factory"
 },
 {
  "w": "available",
  "uk": "/əˈveɪləbl/",
  "us": "/əˈveɪləbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可获得的；可使用的",
    "en": "Ready or possible to get, buy, or use."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有空的",
    "en": "Not busy and able to meet or help someone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There are still tickets available for the afternoon show.",
    "zh": "下午那场演出的门票还有余票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable housing should be available to all residents, regardless of their income or employment status.",
    "zh": "所有居民都应能获得负担得起的住房，不论其收入或就业状况如何。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "readily available｜容易获得的",
   "available to everyone｜人人都可获得的",
   "available for use｜可供使用的",
   "make something available｜使某物可供使用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "availability (n.)",
   "unavailable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "obtainable",
   "accessible"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unavailable"
  ],
  "tip": "available to接使用者；available for接用途。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "available"
 },
 {
  "w": "wish",
  "uk": "/wɪʃ/",
  "us": "/wɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "但愿；希望",
    "en": "To want something, especially something unlikely or not currently true."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "愿望；心愿",
    "en": "A strong desire for something to happen or be true."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "祝愿",
    "en": "To express hope for someone's happiness or success."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I wish our flat had a bigger kitchen.",
    "zh": "要是我们的公寓有个更大的厨房就好了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many residents wish their neighbourhoods had more green spaces where children could play safely and families could relax.",
    "zh": "许多居民希望社区有更多绿地，让孩子能够安全玩耍，让家人能够放松休息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a wish｜许愿",
   "wish someone luck｜祝某人好运",
   "best wishes｜美好祝愿",
   "wish to do something｜希望做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wishful (adj.)",
   "wishfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "desire",
   "hope"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wish后用过去式表现在的遗憾；过去完成式表过去的遗憾。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wish"
 },
 {
  "w": "furniture",
  "uk": "/ˈfɜːnɪtʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈfɝːnɪtʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "家具",
    "en": "Movable objects such as chairs, tables, and beds in buildings."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We moved the furniture to make room for dancing.",
    "zh": "我们挪开家具，腾出地方跳舞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Buying second-hand furniture can lower household expenses while reducing demand for raw materials and limiting waste.",
    "zh": "购买二手家具既能降低家庭开支，也能减少原材料需求和废弃物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a piece of furniture｜一件家具",
   "wooden furniture｜木制家具",
   "second-hand furniture｜二手家具",
   "office furniture｜办公家具"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "furnish (v.)",
   "furnished (adj.)",
   "furnishings (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数：一件家具说a piece of furniture。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "furniture"
 },
 {
  "w": "rose",
  "uk": "/rəʊz/",
  "us": "/roʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "玫瑰；蔷薇",
    "en": "a flower with layered petals, often growing on thorny stems"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "上升；增加（rise过去式）",
    "en": "past tense of rise: moved upwards or increased"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She placed a single rose in a glass vase.",
    "zh": "她把一枝玫瑰插进了玻璃花瓶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Demand for public transport rose sharply after the city introduced cheaper fares and more frequent services.",
    "zh": "该市降低票价并增加班次后，公共交通需求大幅上升。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bunch of roses｜一束玫瑰",
   "rose petals｜玫瑰花瓣",
   "rose sharply｜急剧上升"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rosy (adj.)",
   "rise (v.)",
   "risen (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rose也可作rise的过去式；过去分词是risen。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rose"
 },
 {
  "w": "button",
  "uk": "/ˈbʌtən/",
  "us": "/ˈbʌtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "按钮",
    "en": "A small control you press to operate something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纽扣",
    "en": "A small object that fastens clothing through a hole"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "扣上纽扣",
    "en": "Fasten clothing using buttons"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Press the green button to start the washing machine.",
    "zh": "按绿色按钮启动洗衣机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Emergency buttons on public transport allow passengers to alert staff quickly when assistance is needed.",
    "zh": "公共交通工具上的紧急按钮让乘客能够在需要帮助时迅速通知工作人员。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "press a button｜按按钮",
   "push a button｜按下按钮",
   "button up a coat｜扣好外套",
   "sew on a button｜缝上纽扣"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "unbutton (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "button up指扣好纽扣；拉链用zip，不用button。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "button"
 },
 {
  "w": "Easter",
  "uk": "/ˈiːstə/",
  "us": "/ˈiːstɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "复活节",
    "en": "A Christian festival celebrating Jesus Christ's return to life."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We decorated eggs together at the kitchen table for Easter.",
    "zh": "我们一起坐在厨房桌旁，为复活节装饰彩蛋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During Easter, many destinations attract additional visitors through seasonal events, creating temporary employment in the tourism sector.",
    "zh": "复活节期间，许多旅游目的地通过节庆活动吸引更多游客，为旅游业创造临时就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Easter Sunday｜复活节星期日",
   "Easter eggs｜复活节彩蛋",
   "the Easter holidays｜复活节假期"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "节日名首字母大写；at Easter指复活节期间。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "已将节日名称的首字母改为大写。",
  "id": "easter"
 },
 {
  "w": "island",
  "uk": "/ˈaɪlənd/",
  "us": "/ˈaɪlənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "岛；岛屿",
    "en": "An area of land completely surrounded by water."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took a small boat to the island yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们乘小船去了那座岛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small island communities often depend on tourism, but increasing visitor numbers can threaten fragile coastal environments.",
    "zh": "小岛上的社区往往依赖旅游业，但游客数量的增加可能威胁脆弱的海岸环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remote island｜偏远岛屿",
   "tropical island｜热带岛屿",
   "island nation｜岛国",
   "uninhabited island｜无人岛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "islander (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "s不发音；在岛上用on an island。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "island"
 },
 {
  "w": "cream",
  "uk": "/kriːm/",
  "us": "/kriːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奶油；乳脂",
    "en": "The thick, fatty part of milk, used in food."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "护肤霜；药膏",
    "en": "A thick substance applied to skin for protection or treatment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "奶油色的；淡黄色的",
    "en": "Having a pale yellowish-white colour."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She poured fresh cream over a bowl of strawberries.",
    "zh": "她把新鲜奶油浇在一碗草莓上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing cream with lower-fat ingredients can reduce the energy content of meals without greatly affecting flavour.",
    "zh": "用低脂食材替代奶油，可以降低餐食的热量，而不会明显影响风味。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "whipped cream｜打发奶油",
   "face cream｜面霜",
   "apply cream｜涂抹乳霜",
   "cream walls｜奶油色墙面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "creamy (adj.)",
   "creaminess (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cream是奶油或乳霜；cheese才是奶酪。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cream"
 },
 {
  "w": "worried",
  "uk": "/ˈwʌrid/",
  "us": "/ˈwɜrid/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "担心的；焦虑的",
    "en": "feeling anxious about problems or something that might happen"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She looked worried when her cat failed to return.",
    "zh": "猫没有回来时，她显得很担心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many parents are worried about the effects of excessive screen time on their children's sleep.",
    "zh": "许多家长担心过长的屏幕使用时间会影响孩子的睡眠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "worried about｜担心……",
   "deeply worried｜深感忧虑的",
   "a worried expression｜担忧的表情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "worry (v.)",
   "worry (n.)",
   "worrying (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "anxious",
   "concerned",
   "uneasy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unworried",
   "relaxed"
  ],
  "tip": "worried形容人担忧；worrying形容事物令人担忧。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "worried"
 },
 {
  "w": "careful",
  "uk": "/ˈkeəfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkerfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "小心的；谨慎的",
    "en": "taking care to avoid danger, damage, or mistakes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "仔细的；细致的",
    "en": "giving close attention to details"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Be careful with that bowl; it belonged to Grandma.",
    "zh": "小心拿那个碗，那是奶奶以前用的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Careful planning can help cities expand public transport while keeping construction costs under control.",
    "zh": "周密的规划可以帮助城市扩展公共交通，同时控制建设成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be careful with｜小心对待",
   "careful planning｜周密规划",
   "careful consideration｜慎重考虑",
   "careful analysis｜细致分析"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "care (n.)",
   "carefully (adv.)",
   "careless (adj.)",
   "carefulness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cautious",
   "attentive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "careless"
  ],
  "tip": "be careful with后接物；be careful to后接动词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "careful"
 },
 {
  "w": "FALSE",
  "uk": "/fɔːls/",
  "us": "/fɔːls/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "错误的；不真实的",
    "en": "not true or based on facts"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "假的；人造的",
    "en": "made to resemble something real or natural"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不真诚的；虚伪的",
    "en": "intended to hide someone's real feelings or intentions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That rumour about our neighbour is completely FALSE.",
    "zh": "那条关于我们邻居的传闻完全不实。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Claims that all online information is reliable are FALSE, so students should learn to evaluate sources critically.",
    "zh": "声称所有网络信息都可靠是错误的，因此学生应学会批判性地评估信息来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "false information｜虚假信息",
   "false impression｜错误印象",
   "false alarm｜虚惊；误报",
   "false teeth｜假牙"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "falsely (adv.)",
   "falsehood (n.)",
   "falsify (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "untrue",
   "incorrect"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "true",
   "genuine"
  ],
  "tip": "false指不真实；fake更强调刻意仿冒。通常写作小写。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "false"
 },
 {
  "w": "unusual",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不寻常的；与众不同的",
    "en": "Different from what is common, normal, or expected."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This carrot has an unusual shape, like a tiny hand.",
    "zh": "这根胡萝卜的形状很特别，像一只小手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists are investigating unusual weather patterns that may be linked to rising global temperatures.",
    "zh": "科学家正在研究可能与全球气温上升有关的异常天气模式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unusual circumstances｜特殊情况",
   "an unusual feature｜不寻常的特征",
   "highly unusual｜极不寻常的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "usual (adj.)",
   "usually (adv.)",
   "unusually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "uncommon",
   "unconventional"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "usual",
   "ordinary"
  ],
  "tip": "It is unusual for sb to do表示某人很少这样做。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unusual"
 },
 {
  "w": "app",
  "uk": "/æp/",
  "us": "/æp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "应用程序",
    "en": "A computer program designed for a particular task."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This app reminds me to water my plants every Sunday.",
    "zh": "这个应用程序每周日提醒我给植物浇水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A language learning app can provide affordable practice, although it cannot fully replace interaction with a teacher.",
    "zh": "语言学习应用可以提供价格低廉的练习机会，但无法完全取代与教师的互动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "download an app｜下载应用程序",
   "mobile app｜移动应用",
   "install an app｜安装应用程序",
   "language learning app｜语言学习应用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "application (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "application"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "app是application的缩写；为可数名词，用an app。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "app"
 },
 {
  "w": "lip",
  "uk": "/lɪp/",
  "us": "/lɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "嘴唇",
    "en": "Either fleshy edge of the opening of the mouth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "边缘；边沿",
    "en": "The projecting edge of a container, opening, or hollow."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My lips felt dry after walking in the wind.",
    "zh": "在风中走了一阵后，我觉得嘴唇很干。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear face coverings can improve communication for people who rely on watching lips to understand speech.",
    "zh": "透明面罩可以帮助那些依靠观察嘴唇来理解话语的人更顺畅地交流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "upper lip｜上嘴唇",
   "dry lips｜干燥的嘴唇",
   "bite your lip｜咬嘴唇",
   "the lip of a cup｜杯口边缘"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lipstick (n.)",
   "lip-read (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "上下嘴唇合称lips；lip也可指容器等的边沿。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lip"
 },
 {
  "w": "tourism",
  "uk": "/ˈtʊərɪzəm/",
  "us": "/ˈtʊrɪzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旅游业；观光旅游",
    "en": "travel for pleasure and the businesses serving people who travel"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Tourism brings many visitors to our village each summer.",
    "zh": "每年夏天，旅游业都会为我们村带来许多游客。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sustainable tourism can generate income for local communities while protecting the natural landscapes that attract visitors.",
    "zh": "可持续旅游能为当地社区创造收入，同时保护吸引游客的自然景观。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sustainable tourism｜可持续旅游",
   "mass tourism｜大众旅游",
   "domestic tourism｜国内旅游",
   "tourism industry｜旅游业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tourist (n.)",
   "tour (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tourism通常不可数；表示一个游客用a tourist。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tourism"
 },
 {
  "w": "kangaroo",
  "uk": "/ˌkæŋɡəˈruː/",
  "us": "/ˌkæŋɡəˈruː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "袋鼠",
    "en": "An Australian mammal with powerful hind legs; females carry pouch young."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A young kangaroo peeked out of its mother's pouch.",
    "zh": "一只小袋鼠从妈妈的育儿袋里探出头来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Habitat loss can force kangaroo populations closer to roads, increasing the risk of collisions with vehicles.",
    "zh": "栖息地丧失可能迫使袋鼠种群靠近道路，增加它们与车辆相撞的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a kangaroo's pouch｜袋鼠的育儿袋",
   "red kangaroo｜赤袋鼠",
   "kangaroo population｜袋鼠种群"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数直接加-s：kangaroos；育儿袋叫pouch。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kangaroo"
 },
 {
  "w": "journey",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒɜːni/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒɝːni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旅行；行程",
    "en": "an occasion of travelling from one place to another"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发展历程",
    "en": "a process of personal change or development over time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "旅行",
    "en": "to travel from one place to another"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The train journey took us through snowy mountains.",
    "zh": "这趟火车旅程带我们穿过了白雪覆盖的群山。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved rail services could shorten the daily journey to work and encourage commuters to leave their cars at home.",
    "zh": "改善铁路服务可以缩短每日通勤时间，并鼓励通勤者不开车出门。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a long journey｜漫长的旅程",
   "a return journey｜返程",
   "a journey of discovery｜探索之旅",
   "make a journey｜进行一次旅行"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "trip"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "journey侧重路途；trip常指包含往返的出行。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "journey"
 },
 {
  "w": "handbag",
  "uk": "/ˈhændbæɡ/",
  "us": "/ˈhændbæɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手提包；女式手袋",
    "en": "A small bag for carrying personal items, typically used by women."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She found her keys at the bottom of her handbag.",
    "zh": "她在手提包底部找到了钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers can reduce waste by choosing a durable handbag rather than replacing inexpensive accessories every season.",
    "zh": "消费者可以选择耐用的手提包，而不是每季更换廉价配饰，从而减少浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a leather handbag｜皮革手提包",
   "a shoulder handbag｜单肩手提包",
   "carry a handbag｜提着手袋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bag (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "purse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常用purse指女式手袋；英式purse通常指零钱包。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "handbag"
 },
 {
  "w": "cherry",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃeri/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃeri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "樱桃",
    "en": "A small round fruit with a stone and usually red skin"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "樱桃树；樱花树",
    "en": "A tree grown for its cherries or attractive blossoms"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He placed a ripe cherry on top of the cake.",
    "zh": "他在蛋糕顶上放了一颗熟透的樱桃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cherry trees attract visitors during spring, providing seasonal income for rural communities through tourism.",
    "zh": "樱花树在春季吸引游客，通过旅游业为乡村社区带来季节性收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cherry blossom｜樱花",
   "cherry tree｜樱桃树；樱花树",
   "ripe cherries｜熟透的樱桃"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为cherries；果核用stone（英）或pit（美）。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cherry"
 },
 {
  "w": "heavy",
  "uk": "/ˈhevi/",
  "us": "/ˈhevi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "沉重的",
    "en": "Weighing a lot and often difficult to lift"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大量的；强烈的",
    "en": "Greater than usual in amount, strength, or intensity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "繁重的；难以承受的",
    "en": "Demanding considerable effort or causing serious difficulty"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This suitcase is too heavy for me to lift.",
    "zh": "这个行李箱太重了，我提不起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Heavy traffic contributes to urban air pollution and increases the time people spend commuting.",
    "zh": "繁忙的交通加剧了城市空气污染，也增加了人们的通勤时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heavy rain｜大雨",
   "heavy traffic｜繁忙的交通",
   "heavy workload｜繁重的工作量",
   "heavy lifting｜搬运重物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "heavily (adv.)",
   "heaviness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "weighty"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "light"
  ],
  "tip": "大雨用heavy rain，不用big rain。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "heavy"
 },
 {
  "w": "postman",
  "uk": "/ˈpəʊstmən/",
  "us": "/ˈpoʊstmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男邮递员",
    "en": "a man whose job is to deliver letters and parcels"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The postman left a parcel beside our front door.",
    "zh": "邮递员把一个包裹放在了我们家门旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In remote villages, a postman may provide an essential link between residents and public services.",
    "zh": "在偏远村庄，邮递员可能是连接居民与公共服务的重要纽带。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the local postman｜当地邮递员",
   "work as a postman｜当邮递员",
   "the postman's round｜邮递员的投递路线"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "post (n.)",
   "postal (adj.)",
   "postwoman (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mailman",
   "mail carrier"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常用；美式常用mail carrier，且不限定性别。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "postman"
 },
 {
  "w": "chat",
  "uk": "/tʃæt/",
  "us": "/tʃæt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "闲聊；网聊",
    "en": "To talk informally, in person or through electronic messages."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "闲聊；聊天",
    "en": "A friendly, informal conversation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We chatted about our weekend while waiting for the bus.",
    "zh": "等公交车时，我们聊起了各自的周末。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community gardens allow neighbours to chat regularly, helping them build stronger relationships and reduce social isolation.",
    "zh": "社区花园让邻居能够经常闲聊，有助于加深彼此的关系，减少社交孤立。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chat with friends｜和朋友聊天",
   "chat about work｜聊工作",
   "have a chat｜聊一聊",
   "online chat｜在线聊天"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chatty (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "talk",
   "converse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "chat with人、about话题；过去式chatted双写t。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chat"
 },
 {
  "w": "hurt",
  "uk": "/hɜːt/",
  "us": "/hɝːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "疼痛；使受伤",
    "en": "To feel pain or cause physical injury."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "伤感情；损害",
    "en": "To cause emotional pain or damage something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "受伤的；伤心的",
    "en": "Physically injured or emotionally upset."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My ankle still hurts when I climb the stairs.",
    "zh": "我上楼梯时，脚踝还是疼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cuts to public transport funding may hurt rural communities that depend on buses for essential journeys.",
    "zh": "削减公共交通经费可能损害依赖公交出行办理必要事务的农村社区的利益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hurt your back｜伤到背部",
   "hurt someone's feelings｜伤害某人的感情",
   "get hurt｜受伤"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hurtful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为 hurt；疼痛部位可作主语。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hurt"
 },
 {
  "w": "fortunately",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːtʃənətli/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrtʃənətli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "幸运地；幸好",
    "en": "Luckily, especially when something bad could have happened."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fortunately, I found my keys before the bus arrived.",
    "zh": "幸好，我在公交车到站前找到了钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fortunately, improvements in water treatment have helped many communities reduce the spread of preventable diseases.",
    "zh": "幸运的是，水处理技术的改进帮助许多社区减少了可预防疾病的传播。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fortunately for us｜对我们来说幸运的是",
   "fortunately enough｜很幸运",
   "fortunately, nobody was hurt｜幸好无人受伤"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fortunate (adj.)",
   "fortune (n.)",
   "unfortunate (adj.)",
   "unfortunately (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "luckily"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfortunately",
   "unluckily"
  ],
  "tip": "常置于句首，后加逗号，评价整件事令人庆幸。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fortunately"
 },
 {
  "w": "roll",
  "uk": "/rəʊl/",
  "us": "/roʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "滚动；使滚动",
    "en": "To move or make something move by turning over repeatedly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "卷起；卷成",
    "en": "To form something into a curved or cylindrical shape"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一卷；小面包",
    "en": "Material wound around itself, or a small individual bread"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The orange rolled off the table and under my chair.",
    "zh": "橙子从桌上滚下来，滚到了我的椅子底下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Workers roll sheets of recycled material into compact bundles to simplify storage and transportation.",
    "zh": "工人把再生材料薄片卷成紧实的捆，以便储存和运输。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "roll down a hill｜滚下山坡",
   "roll up your sleeves｜卷起袖子",
   "a roll of paper｜一卷纸",
   "bread roll｜小圆面包"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "roller (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "roll强调翻转滚动；卷起常用roll up。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "roll"
 },
 {
  "w": "quarter",
  "uk": "/ˈkwɔːtə/",
  "us": "/ˈkwɔːrtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "四分之一",
    "en": "One of four equal parts of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "季度",
    "en": "A period of three months within a year."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "城区；街区",
    "en": "An area of a town with a particular character."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She cut the sandwich into quarters for the children.",
    "zh": "她把三明治切成四等份给孩子们吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Almost a quarter of the city's residents depend on public transport for their daily commute.",
    "zh": "这座城市近四分之一的居民依靠公共交通日常通勤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a quarter of｜……的四分之一",
   "a quarter of an hour｜一刻钟",
   "the first quarter｜第一季度",
   "the historic quarter｜历史街区"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "quarterly (adj.)",
   "quarterly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a quarter of an hour是一刻钟；季度也是quarter。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quarter"
 },
 {
  "w": "task",
  "uk": "/tɑːsk/",
  "us": "/tæsk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "任务；工作",
    "en": "A piece of work that needs to be done."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……分派任务",
    "en": "Give someone responsibility for a particular piece of work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My first task today is to water the plants.",
    "zh": "我今天的第一项任务是给植物浇水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Dividing a complex task into smaller stages can help students manage their time more effectively.",
    "zh": "把复杂任务分成较小的阶段，可以帮助学生更有效地管理时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complete a task｜完成任务",
   "a challenging task｜有挑战性的任务",
   "task someone with doing something｜指派某人做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "assignment",
   "job"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词用task sb with doing sth，表示指派任务。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "task"
 },
 {
  "w": "advice",
  "uk": "/ədˈvaɪs/",
  "us": "/ədˈvaɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "建议；忠告",
    "en": "suggestions about what someone should do in a particular situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your advice helped me choose a comfortable bicycle.",
    "zh": "你的建议帮我选到了一辆骑着舒服的自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should provide practical career advice so that students can make informed decisions about their future.",
    "zh": "学校应提供实用的职业建议，让学生能够对自己的未来作出明智决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "give advice｜提供建议",
   "seek advice｜寻求建议",
   "follow advice｜听从建议",
   "a piece of advice｜一条建议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "advise (v.)",
   "adviser (n.)",
   "advisory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "guidance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数，不用an advice；动词advise末尾读/z/。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "advice"
 },
 {
  "w": "excellent",
  "uk": "/ˈeksələnt/",
  "us": "/ˈeksələnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；优秀的",
    "en": "Extremely good or of very high quality."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup was excellent, so I ordered another bowl.",
    "zh": "这汤好喝极了，所以我又点了一碗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excellent public transport can reduce car dependence and make cities more accessible to all residents.",
    "zh": "优质的公共交通可以减少人们对汽车的依赖，让所有居民出行更便利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "excellent service｜优质服务",
   "excellent results｜优异成绩",
   "excellent opportunity｜绝佳机会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "excellence (n.)",
   "excellently (adv.)",
   "excel (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "outstanding",
   "superb"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "poor",
   "terrible"
  ],
  "tip": "已含“极好”之意，通常不用very修饰。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "excellent"
 },
 {
  "w": "boil",
  "uk": "/bɔɪl/",
  "us": "/bɔɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "沸腾；使煮沸",
    "en": "to reach, or heat liquid until it reaches, bubbling temperature"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用沸水煮",
    "en": "to cook food in water that is bubbling from heat"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疖子",
    "en": "a painful swollen lump in the skin containing pus"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Boil the potatoes until you can pierce them easily.",
    "zh": "把土豆煮到能轻松戳穿为止。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents should boil drinking water when flooding has damaged local supplies and increased the risk of infection.",
    "zh": "当洪水破坏当地供水并增加感染风险时，居民应将饮用水煮沸。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "boil water｜烧开水",
   "boil an egg｜煮鸡蛋",
   "bring to the boil｜使煮沸",
   "boil down to｜归结为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "boiling (adj.)",
   "boiled (adj.)",
   "boiler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "boil指沸腾或煮沸；simmer指小火慢煮。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "boil"
 },
 {
  "w": "sauce",
  "uk": "/sɔːs/",
  "us": "/sɔːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酱；调味汁",
    "en": "A liquid or thick mixture added to food for flavour."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This tomato sauce tastes lovely with fresh pasta.",
    "zh": "这种番茄酱汁配新鲜意面很好吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preparing sauce at home allows families to control the amount of salt and sugar in their meals.",
    "zh": "在家制作酱汁，能让家庭控制饭菜中的盐和糖含量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tomato sauce｜番茄酱汁",
   "soy sauce｜酱油",
   "pasta sauce｜意面酱",
   "a rich sauce｜浓郁的酱汁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "saucy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sauce泛指酱汁；酱油应说soy sauce。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sauce"
 },
 {
  "w": "moustache",
  "uk": "/məˈstɑːʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈmʌstæʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "上唇胡须；小胡子",
    "en": "Hair growing above the upper lip."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle carefully trims his moustache every Sunday.",
    "zh": "我叔叔每个星期天都会仔细修剪他的小胡子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In historical portraits, a carefully styled moustache often reflected contemporary ideas about fashion and social status.",
    "zh": "在历史肖像画中，精心打理的小胡子往往反映了当时关于时尚和社会地位的观念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grow a moustache｜留小胡子",
   "trim a moustache｜修剪小胡子",
   "a thick moustache｜浓密的小胡子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "moustached (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "moustache指上唇胡须；beard指下巴等处的胡须。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "moustache"
 },
 {
  "w": "uniform",
  "uk": "/ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/",
  "us": "/ˈjuːnɪfɔːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "制服；校服",
    "en": "Special clothing worn by members of a particular group."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "一致的；均匀的",
    "en": "Remaining the same in form, quality, or amount."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My school uniform is still drying by the window.",
    "zh": "我的校服还在窗边晾着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Uniform safety standards across all factories can help protect workers and improve overall working conditions.",
    "zh": "所有工厂实行统一的安全标准，有助于保护工人并改善整体工作条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "school uniform｜校服",
   "wear a uniform｜穿制服",
   "uniform standards｜统一标准",
   "uniform distribution｜均匀分布"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "uniformity (n.)",
   "uniformly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "开头是辅音/j/，所以说a uniform，不用an。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "uniform"
 },
 {
  "w": "instruction",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈstrʌkʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈstrʌkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "指示；操作说明",
    "en": "Information explaining what to do or how to do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "命令；指令",
    "en": "An order telling someone what they must do"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "指导；教学",
    "en": "The activity of teaching someone a skill or subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The instructor gave one clear instruction: hold the rope tightly.",
    "zh": "教练给出了一条明确指示：紧紧抓住绳子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students often benefit from practical instruction that connects classroom theory with everyday problems.",
    "zh": "将课堂理论与日常问题联系起来的实践教学往往能让学生受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "follow instructions｜遵照指示",
   "step-by-step instructions｜逐步操作说明",
   "give instructions｜发出指示",
   "practical instruction｜实践指导"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "instruct (v.)",
   "instructor (n.)",
   "instructive (adj.)",
   "instructional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "操作说明常用复数instructions；表示教学时不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "instruction"
 },
 {
  "w": "download",
  "uk": "/ˌdaʊnˈləʊd/",
  "us": "/ˌdaʊnˈloʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "下载",
    "en": "to copy data from the internet onto your device"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "下载；下载的文件",
    "en": "the act of downloading, or a file obtained this way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Download the map before you leave the hotel tomorrow.",
    "zh": "明天离开酒店前，先把地图下载好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students can download course materials at home, allowing them to study even when internet access is unavailable.",
    "zh": "学生可以在家下载课程资料，这样即使无法联网也能学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "download a file｜下载文件",
   "download an app｜下载应用",
   "free download｜免费下载",
   "download speed｜下载速度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "downloadable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "upload"
  ],
  "tip": "动词重音在后，名词重音在前；反义词是upload。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "download"
 },
 {
  "w": "frightened",
  "uk": "/ˈfraɪtənd/",
  "us": "/ˈfraɪtənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "害怕的；受惊的",
    "en": "Feeling afraid because of danger or something unexpected."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The frightened kitten hid behind the sofa during the storm.",
    "zh": "暴风雨中，受惊的小猫躲到了沙发后面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children who feel frightened in unfamiliar environments may benefit from patient support and predictable routines.",
    "zh": "在陌生环境中感到害怕的儿童，可能会从耐心的支持和规律的日常安排中受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "frightened of｜害怕……",
   "frightened to death｜吓得要命",
   "a frightened child｜受惊的孩子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fright (n.)",
   "frighten (v.)",
   "frightening (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "afraid",
   "scared"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unafraid"
  ],
  "tip": "frightened形容感到害怕；frightening形容令人害怕。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "frightened"
 },
 {
  "w": "surname",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːneɪm/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːneɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "姓；姓氏",
    "en": "the name shared by members of a family"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My surname is often difficult for strangers to pronounce.",
    "zh": "陌生人常常觉得我的姓很难念。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Naming traditions vary across cultures, and a person's surname may reflect family history or regional origins.",
    "zh": "不同文化的命名传统各不相同，一个人的姓氏可能反映其家族历史或地域来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "family surname｜家族姓氏",
   "common surname｜常见姓氏",
   "change your surname｜更改姓氏"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "family name",
   "last name"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "surname指姓，given name指名；姓不一定在最后。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "surname"
 },
 {
  "w": "memory",
  "uk": "/ˈmeməri/",
  "us": "/ˈmeməri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "记忆力；记忆",
    "en": "the ability to store and recall information or experiences"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "回忆",
    "en": "something from the past that you remember"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计算机内存",
    "en": "the part of a computer that stores information"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother has an excellent memory for faces.",
    "zh": "我奶奶特别善于记住别人的长相。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular physical exercise may improve memory and help older adults maintain their independence for longer.",
    "zh": "经常锻炼可能改善记忆力，帮助老年人更长久地保持独立生活的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "short-term memory｜短期记忆",
   "childhood memories｜童年回忆",
   "from memory｜凭记忆",
   "computer memory｜计算机内存"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "memorise (v.)",
   "memorable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "recollection",
   "recall"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "记忆力通常不可数；一段段回忆用memories。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "memory"
 },
 {
  "w": "pillow",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪləʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪloʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "枕头",
    "en": "A soft support for your head when resting or sleeping."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She placed a fresh pillow on the guest bed.",
    "zh": "她在客床上放了一个干净的枕头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing a supportive pillow may improve sleep quality by helping maintain a comfortable neck position.",
    "zh": "选择支撑性好的枕头，有助于保持舒适的颈部姿势，从而可能改善睡眠质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "soft pillow｜柔软的枕头",
   "feather pillow｜羽毛枕",
   "pillow cover｜枕套"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pillowcase (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pillow主要用于睡觉；cushion多指靠垫或坐垫。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pillow"
 },
 {
  "w": "program",
  "uk": "/ˈprəʊɡræm/",
  "us": "/ˈproʊɡræm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计算机程序",
    "en": "A set of instructions that tells a computer what to do."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "编写程序；设定运行",
    "en": "Write computer instructions or set a machine to operate automatically."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计划；课程；节目",
    "en": "An organised plan, course of activities, or broadcast show."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This program helps me organise all my holiday photos.",
    "zh": "这个程序帮我整理所有度假照片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach students how to program computers rather than simply how to use existing software.",
    "zh": "学校应教学生如何给计算机编程，而不只是如何使用现有软件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "computer program｜计算机程序",
   "run a program｜运行程序",
   "program a computer｜给计算机编程",
   "training program｜培训计划"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "programmer (n.)",
   "programming (n.)",
   "programmable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式计算机程序用program；计划、节目用programme。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "program"
 },
 {
  "w": "sign",
  "uk": "/saɪn/",
  "us": "/saɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "迹象；征兆",
    "en": "Something indicating that a condition exists or may develop"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "标牌；符号；手势",
    "en": "An object, mark, or gesture that communicates information"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "签名；签署",
    "en": "Write your name to identify yourself or show agreement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Those dark clouds are a sign of approaching rain.",
    "zh": "那些乌云预示着雨就要来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A decline in local wildlife may be a sign of wider environmental damage caused by urban expansion.",
    "zh": "当地野生动物数量下降可能意味着城市扩张造成了更广泛的环境破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sign of improvement｜好转的迹象",
   "warning signs｜警示信号",
   "a road sign｜道路标牌",
   "sign a contract｜签署合同"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "signature (n.)",
   "signatory (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "indication"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sign中的g不发音；a sign of后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sign"
 },
 {
  "w": "per",
  "uk": "/pə(r)/",
  "us": "/pər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "每；每一",
    "en": "For each unit of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The swimming pool costs five pounds per visit.",
    "zh": "这个游泳池每次收费五英镑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing energy consumption per household is an important step towards lowering a country's carbon emissions.",
    "zh": "减少每户家庭的能源消耗是降低一个国家碳排放的重要一步。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "per person｜每人",
   "per hour｜每小时",
   "per capita｜人均",
   "per year｜每年"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "per后通常接单数名词，不加冠词，如per day。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "per"
 },
 {
  "w": "chemistry",
  "uk": "/ˈkemɪstri/",
  "us": "/ˈkemɪstri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "化学",
    "en": "the science of substances and how they react"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "化学组成与变化",
    "en": "the chemical properties and processes of a substance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "默契；相互吸引",
    "en": "a natural connection or attraction between people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We mixed two clear liquids in chemistry class today.",
    "zh": "今天化学课上，我们把两种透明液体混合在一起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Understanding the chemistry of seawater helps scientists explain how rising carbon emissions affect marine life.",
    "zh": "了解海水的化学特性有助于科学家解释碳排放增加如何影响海洋生物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "organic chemistry｜有机化学",
   "study chemistry｜学习化学",
   "soil chemistry｜土壤化学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chemical (adj.)",
   "chemist (n.)",
   "chemically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "学科名通常不可数：study chemistry，不加a。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chemistry"
 },
 {
  "w": "hang",
  "uk": "/hæŋ/",
  "us": "/hæŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "悬挂；吊着",
    "en": "attach something above the ground, or remain suspended"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "垂下；低垂",
    "en": "fall or bend downwards loosely"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please hang your wet coat beside the front door.",
    "zh": "请把你的湿外套挂在前门旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museums often hang paintings at different heights to make their collections accessible to visitors of all ages.",
    "zh": "博物馆常将画作挂在不同高度，方便各年龄段的参观者欣赏馆藏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hang a picture｜挂画",
   "hang on a wall｜挂在墙上",
   "hang your head｜垂下头",
   "hang out the washing｜晾衣服"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hanger (n.)",
   "hanging (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "suspend",
   "dangle"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "悬挂的过去式、过去分词均为hung；绞死则用hanged。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hang"
 },
 {
  "w": "especially",
  "uk": "/ɪˈspeʃəli/",
  "us": "/ɪˈspeʃəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "尤其；特别",
    "en": "more than usual, or more than other people or things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I enjoy cooking, especially when friends come for dinner.",
    "zh": "我喜欢做饭，尤其是在朋友来吃晚饭的时候。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable public transport is especially important for residents who cannot afford to own a car.",
    "zh": "对于买不起汽车的居民来说，可靠的公共交通尤其重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "especially important｜尤其重要",
   "especially useful｜特别有用",
   "especially for｜尤其是对"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "especial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "particularly",
   "notably"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "especially强调“尤其”；specially常指“专门地”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "especially"
 },
 {
  "w": "countryside",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌntrisaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌntrisaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乡村；农村地区",
    "en": "land outside towns and cities, including fields, woods, and farms"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent the weekend cycling through the quiet countryside.",
    "zh": "我们周末在宁静的乡间骑车游玩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable public transport in the countryside can improve access to employment and reduce rural residents' dependence on cars.",
    "zh": "乡村地区可靠的公共交通可以改善就业机会的可及性，并减少农村居民对汽车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the countryside｜在乡下",
   "surrounding countryside｜周边乡村",
   "unspoilt countryside｜未受破坏的乡村",
   "protect the countryside｜保护乡村环境"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "rural areas"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数，常说the countryside，不说a countryside。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "countryside"
 },
 {
  "w": "health",
  "uk": "/helθ/",
  "us": "/helθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "健康；身体状况",
    "en": "The condition of someone's body and mind."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "良好状况；兴旺",
    "en": "How well an organisation, economy, or system is functioning."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Walking to work has really improved my health.",
    "zh": "步行上班确实改善了我的健康状况。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments can improve public health by providing safe drinking water and affordable access to medical services.",
    "zh": "政府可以通过提供安全饮用水和可负担的医疗服务来改善公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mental health｜心理健康",
   "public health｜公共卫生",
   "in good health｜身体健康",
   "economic health｜经济运行状况"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "healthy (adj.)",
   "unhealthy (adj.)",
   "healthily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "well-being"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；表示身体健康用in good health。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "health"
 },
 {
  "w": "mobile",
  "uk": "/ˈməʊbaɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈmoʊbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可移动的；流动的",
    "en": "able to move or be moved easily between places"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "移动通信的",
    "en": "relating to phones or services used while away from home"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手机",
    "en": "a telephone you can carry and use almost anywhere"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mobile library visits our village every Friday morning.",
    "zh": "流动图书馆每周五早晨来我们村。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Mobile clinics can improve access to basic healthcare for people living in remote rural communities.",
    "zh": "流动诊所可以让偏远农村社区的居民更容易获得基本医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mobile phone｜手机",
   "mobile clinic｜流动诊所",
   "mobile workforce｜流动劳动力",
   "mobile network｜移动通信网络"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mobility (n.)",
   "immobile (adj.)",
   "mobilise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "immobile"
  ],
  "tip": "英式英语常用a mobile指手机；美式常说a cell phone。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mobile"
 },
 {
  "w": "leaves",
  "uk": "/liːvz/",
  "us": "/liːvz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "叶子（leaf的复数）",
    "en": "The usually flat, green parts of plants."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "离开；留下",
    "en": "Goes away from somewhere, or lets something remain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Golden leaves covered the path outside our house.",
    "zh": "金黄色的落叶铺满了我们家门外的小路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fallen leaves provide habitats for small organisms and return valuable nutrients to the soil as they decompose.",
    "zh": "落叶为小型生物提供栖息地，并在分解时将宝贵的养分归还土壤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fallen leaves｜落叶",
   "green leaves｜绿叶",
   "autumn leaves｜秋叶",
   "rake leaves｜耙落叶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "leaf (n.)",
   "leafy (adj.)",
   "leafless (adj.)",
   "leave (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既是leaf的复数，也是leave的第三人称单数形式。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "leaves"
 },
 {
  "w": "super",
  "uk": "/ˈsuːpə/",
  "us": "/ˈsuːpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；棒极了的",
    "en": "Extremely good or enjoyable, used informally."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "非常；特别",
    "en": "Very or extremely, used informally before adjectives or adverbs."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had a super afternoon playing games in the garden.",
    "zh": "我们在花园里玩游戏，度过了一个特别愉快的下午。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although users may describe an app as super helpful, researchers need objective evidence to assess its educational value.",
    "zh": "尽管用户可能形容某款应用特别有帮助，研究人员仍需客观证据来评估其教育价值。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a super idea｜很棒的主意",
   "super helpful｜特别有帮助的",
   "super easy｜非常容易的"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "great",
   "excellent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "terrible"
  ],
  "tip": "口语色彩强；正式写作宜用excellent或very。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "super"
 },
 {
  "w": "decision",
  "uk": "/dɪˈsɪʒən/",
  "us": "/dɪˈsɪʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "决定；抉择",
    "en": "a choice made after considering different possibilities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Moving closer to work was a good decision.",
    "zh": "搬到离工作地点更近的地方是个明智的决定。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should base every major transport decision on reliable evidence and consultation with the communities affected.",
    "zh": "政府的每项重大交通决策都应以可靠证据及与受影响社区的协商为基础。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a decision｜作出决定",
   "reach a decision｜达成决定",
   "informed decision｜基于充分了解的决定",
   "final decision｜最终决定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "decide (v.)",
   "decisive (adj.)",
   "decisively (adv.)",
   "indecision (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "choice"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "indecision"
  ],
  "tip": "作决定用make a decision，不用do。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "decision"
 },
 {
  "w": "heat",
  "uk": "/hiːt/",
  "us": "/hiːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "热；高温",
    "en": "warmth or a high temperature"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "加热；变热",
    "en": "to make or become warmer"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预赛",
    "en": "a race that decides who enters the next round"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We rested under a tree to escape the heat.",
    "zh": "我们在树下休息，躲避酷热。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities can reduce extreme heat by planting trees and replacing dark surfaces with materials that reflect sunlight.",
    "zh": "城市可以通过植树以及用反射阳光的材料替换深色表面来缓解酷热。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "extreme heat｜酷热",
   "heat loss｜热量流失",
   "heat up food｜加热食物",
   "a qualifying heat｜一场预赛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "heater (n.)",
   "heating (n.)",
   "heated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "warmth"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cold"
  ],
  "tip": "heat作名词指热，hot作形容词指热的。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "heat"
 },
 {
  "w": "lunchtime",
  "uk": "/ˈlʌntʃtaɪm/",
  "us": "/ˈlʌntʃtaɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "午餐时间",
    "en": "The time around the middle of the day when people eat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "At lunchtime, we sat outside and shared some sandwiches.",
    "zh": "午餐时，我们坐在外面分着吃了一些三明治。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing quiet spaces at lunchtime may help employees relax and return to work with greater focus.",
    "zh": "在午餐时间提供安静的空间，可能有助于员工放松，并在重返工作时更加专注。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at lunchtime｜在午餐时间",
   "a lunchtime walk｜午餐时段的散步",
   "a lunchtime break｜午间休息"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lunch (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“在午餐时间”通常用at lunchtime。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lunchtime"
 },
 {
  "w": "winner",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪnə/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "获胜者；优胜者",
    "en": "a person or team that wins a competition"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成功的人或事物；受益者",
    "en": "someone or something successful or benefiting from a situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The winner lifted her trophy as the crowd cheered.",
    "zh": "获胜者举起奖杯，人群欢呼起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers may be the main winners when greater competition encourages companies to lower prices and improve services.",
    "zh": "当更激烈的竞争促使企业降价并改善服务时，消费者可能成为主要受益者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a prize winner｜获奖者",
   "the overall winner｜总冠军",
   "a clear winner｜明显的赢家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "win (v.)",
   "winning (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "victor"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "loser"
  ],
  "tip": "winner 指获胜者；winning 可作形容词修饰队伍。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "winner"
 },
 {
  "w": "mathematics",
  "uk": "/ˌmæθəˈmætɪks/",
  "us": "/ˌmæθəˈmætɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "数学",
    "en": "The study of quantities, shapes, patterns, and their relationships."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She enjoys mathematics, especially solving puzzles about shapes.",
    "zh": "她喜欢数学，尤其喜欢解与图形有关的谜题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A strong foundation in mathematics enables students to interpret data and evaluate claims in everyday life.",
    "zh": "扎实的数学基础使学生能够解读数据，并评估日常生活中的各种说法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "applied mathematics｜应用数学",
   "pure mathematics｜纯数学",
   "mathematics teacher｜数学教师"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mathematical (adj.)",
   "mathematically (adv.)",
   "mathematician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "maths",
   "math"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "虽以s结尾，作学科名用单数谓语；英式简称maths。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mathematics"
 },
 {
  "w": "Egyptian",
  "uk": "/iˈdʒɪpʃən/",
  "us": "/iˈdʒɪpʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "埃及的；埃及人的",
    "en": "relating to Egypt, its people, or its culture"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "埃及人",
    "en": "a person from Egypt"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We admired Egyptian pottery at the museum yesterday.",
    "zh": "我们昨天在博物馆欣赏了埃及陶器。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ancient Egyptian irrigation systems demonstrate how communities adapted farming practices to seasonal changes in river levels.",
    "zh": "古埃及的灌溉系统展示了当地居民如何调整耕作方式，以适应河流水位的季节性变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ancient Egyptian civilisation｜古埃及文明",
   "Egyptian art｜埃及艺术",
   "Egyptian cotton｜埃及棉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Egypt (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母须大写；指多名埃及人时用 Egyptians。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "egyptian"
 },
 {
  "w": "fear",
  "uk": "/fɪə/",
  "us": "/fɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恐惧；担忧",
    "en": "An unpleasant feeling about danger or something bad happening."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "害怕；担心",
    "en": "To feel afraid or worried about someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She held my hand because of her fear of heights.",
    "zh": "她因为恐高而握住了我的手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fear of failure may prevent students from asking questions, especially in highly competitive learning environments.",
    "zh": "对失败的恐惧可能使学生不敢提问，在竞争激烈的学习环境中尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fear of heights｜恐高",
   "overcome a fear｜克服恐惧",
   "fear for someone's safety｜担心某人的安全",
   "for fear of｜唯恐；生怕"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fearful (adj.)",
   "fearless (adj.)",
   "fearfully (adv.)",
   "fearlessly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fright",
   "dread"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fear sth是害怕某事；fear for sb是为某人担忧。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fear"
 },
 {
  "w": "prefer",
  "uk": "/prɪˈfɜː/",
  "us": "/prɪˈfɝː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "更喜欢；宁愿",
    "en": "To like or choose something more than another option."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I prefer fresh fruit to cake after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，比起蛋糕，我更喜欢吃新鲜水果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some employees prefer working from home because it offers greater flexibility and eliminates daily commuting.",
    "zh": "一些员工更喜欢居家办公，因为这样更灵活，也免去了每天通勤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prefer A to B｜比起B更喜欢A",
   "prefer to do｜更愿意做",
   "would prefer｜宁愿；更想"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "preference (n.)",
   "preferable (adj.)",
   "preferably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "favour"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用prefer A to B；过去式preferred双写r。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prefer"
 },
 {
  "w": "cucumber",
  "uk": "/ˈkjuːkʌmbə/",
  "us": "/ˈkjuːkʌmbər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "黄瓜",
    "en": "A long vegetable with green skin and crisp, watery flesh."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sliced a cucumber and added it to the salad.",
    "zh": "她把一根黄瓜切成片，加入沙拉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing cucumbers in greenhouses can provide a reliable food supply, but heating these structures requires energy.",
    "zh": "在温室中种植黄瓜可以提供稳定的食物供应，但为这些设施供暖需要消耗能源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sliced cucumber｜黄瓜片",
   "cucumber salad｜黄瓜沙拉",
   "as cool as a cucumber｜非常镇定"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常可数：a cucumber；表示食材时也可不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cucumber"
 },
 {
  "w": "wifi",
  "uk": "/ˈwaɪ faɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈwaɪ faɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "无线网络；无线联网技术",
    "en": "Technology connecting devices to a network without cables."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The café offers free wifi near the window seats.",
    "zh": "这家咖啡馆靠窗的座位附近有免费无线网络。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing reliable public wifi can help residents access essential services and participate in online learning.",
    "zh": "提供可靠的公共无线网络，有助于居民使用基本服务并参与在线学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "free wifi｜免费无线网络",
   "wifi connection｜无线网络连接",
   "wifi password｜无线网络密码",
   "wifi signal｜无线网络信号"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常规范写作Wi-Fi；通常不可数，不加a。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wifi"
 },
 {
  "w": "beauty",
  "uk": "/ˈbjuːti/",
  "us": "/ˈbjuːti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "美；美丽",
    "en": "The quality of being pleasing to see, hear, or experience."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "妙处；优点",
    "en": "A particularly useful or attractive feature of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stopped to admire the beauty of the lake.",
    "zh": "我们停下来欣赏湖泊的美景。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting the natural beauty of coastal areas can support tourism while preserving valuable habitats for wildlife.",
    "zh": "保护沿海地区的自然美景既能促进旅游业，也能保全珍贵的野生动物栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "natural beauty｜自然美",
   "outstanding beauty｜非凡的美",
   "the beauty of something｜某事物的妙处"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "beautiful (adj.)",
   "beautifully (adv.)",
   "beautify (v.)",
   "beautification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "loveliness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ugliness"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“美”通常不可数；the beauty of也指妙处。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beauty"
 },
 {
  "w": "nearby",
  "uk": "/ˌnɪəˈbaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˌnɪrˈbaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "附近的；邻近的",
    "en": "located a short distance away"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在附近；不远处",
    "en": "at or to a place a short distance away"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought fresh bread from a nearby bakery.",
    "zh": "我们从附近的一家面包店买了新鲜面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to nearby parks encourages urban residents to exercise regularly and spend more time outdoors.",
    "zh": "附近有方便前往的公园，能鼓励城市居民经常锻炼，并增加户外活动时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a nearby park｜附近的公园",
   "nearby residents｜附近居民",
   "live nearby｜住在附近"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "close by",
   "adjacent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "far away"
  ],
  "tip": "nearby不用作介词：说near the school，不说nearby the school。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nearby"
 },
 {
  "w": "cost",
  "uk": "/kɒst/",
  "us": "/kɔːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "费用；成本",
    "en": "the money needed to buy or do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "价钱为；使花费",
    "en": "to require a particular amount of money"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "代价；损失",
    "en": "something valuable lost to achieve or obtain something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cost of our weekly groceries keeps rising.",
    "zh": "我们每周购买食品杂货的费用不断上涨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving public transport can reduce the cost of commuting and make cities more accessible.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通可以降低通勤成本，并让城市出行更加便利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the cost of living｜生活成本",
   "cover the cost｜支付费用",
   "at all costs｜不惜一切代价",
   "cost a fortune｜花一大笔钱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "costly (adj.)",
   "costing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示花费时，过去式和过去分词均为cost。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cost"
 },
 {
  "w": "tent",
  "uk": "/tent/",
  "us": "/tent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "帐篷",
    "en": "a portable fabric shelter supported by poles and ropes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We pitched our tent beside a quiet lake.",
    "zh": "我们在一个宁静的湖边搭起帐篷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors who sleep in a tent should follow campsite rules to minimise their impact on local wildlife.",
    "zh": "住帐篷的游客应遵守营地规定，尽量减少对当地野生动物的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pitch a tent｜搭帐篷",
   "put up a tent｜搭起帐篷",
   "take down a tent｜拆帐篷",
   "camping tent｜露营帐篷"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“搭帐篷”用pitch或put up a tent。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tent"
 },
 {
  "w": "whose",
  "uk": "/huːz/",
  "us": "/huːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "谁的；其…的",
    "en": "used before a noun to ask or show who owns something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "谁的东西",
    "en": "used to ask who something belongs to"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Whose umbrella is dripping water all over the floor?",
    "zh": "谁的雨伞把水滴得满地都是？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children whose parents read regularly at home may develop a stronger interest in books.",
    "zh": "父母经常在家阅读的孩子可能会对书籍产生更浓厚的兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "whose turn｜轮到谁",
   "whose idea｜谁的主意",
   "whose responsibility｜谁的责任"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "who (pron.)",
   "whom (pron.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "whose表示所属；who’s是who is或who has的缩写。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "whose"
 },
 {
  "w": "bacon",
  "uk": "/ˈbeɪkən/",
  "us": "/ˈbeɪkən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "培根；腌熏猪肉",
    "en": "salted or smoked pork, usually served in thin slices"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He cooked bacon and eggs for breakfast on Sunday.",
    "zh": "星期天，他做了培根和鸡蛋当早餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing consumption of processed meat, including bacon, is often recommended as part of a healthier diet.",
    "zh": "减少包括培根在内的加工肉类摄入，常被建议作为更健康饮食的一部分。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a slice of bacon｜一片培根",
   "crispy bacon｜香脆培根",
   "bacon and eggs｜培根配鸡蛋"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；一片培根用a slice of bacon。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bacon"
 },
 {
  "w": "happily",
  "uk": "/ˈhæpɪli/",
  "us": "/ˈhæpɪli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "快乐地；高兴地",
    "en": "In a way that shows pleasure or enjoyment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "乐意地",
    "en": "Willingly and without objection."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "幸好；幸运地",
    "en": "With a fortunate or pleasing result."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children chatted happily while making sandwiches together.",
    "zh": "孩子们一起做三明治，开心地聊着天。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many residents would happily use public transport if services were more reliable and affordable.",
    "zh": "如果公共交通服务更可靠、价格更实惠，许多居民都会乐意乘坐。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "smile happily｜开心地微笑",
   "happily married｜婚姻幸福的",
   "happily agree｜欣然同意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "happy (adj.)",
   "happiness (n.)",
   "unhappy (adj.)",
   "unhappily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cheerfully",
   "gladly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unhappily"
  ],
  "tip": "句首Happily可表“幸好”，不只表示开心。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "happily"
 },
 {
  "w": "brain",
  "uk": "/breɪn/",
  "us": "/breɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大脑；脑",
    "en": "The organ inside your head controlling thought and bodily activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "智力；头脑",
    "en": "The ability to think clearly and understand things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A helmet helps protect your brain if you fall.",
    "zh": "跌倒时，头盔有助于保护你的大脑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Adequate sleep supports healthy brain function and helps learners remember information more effectively.",
    "zh": "充足的睡眠有助于大脑正常运作，并帮助学习者更有效地记忆信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "brain function｜大脑功能",
   "brain damage｜脑损伤",
   "use your brain｜动动脑筋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "brainy (adj.)",
   "brainless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示智力时常用复数brains；器官用brain。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brain"
 },
 {
  "w": "crowded",
  "uk": "/ˈkraʊdɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈkraʊdɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "拥挤的；挤满的",
    "en": "Containing so many people or things that little space remains"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bus was so crowded that we stood all the way.",
    "zh": "公交车太拥挤了，我们一路都站着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Crowded urban neighbourhoods need accessible parks where residents can exercise and enjoy some personal space.",
    "zh": "拥挤的城市社区需要方便到达的公园，让居民能够锻炼并享有一些个人空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "crowded bus｜拥挤的公交车",
   "crowded with people｜挤满人的",
   "crowded streets｜拥挤的街道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crowd (n.)",
   "crowd (v.)",
   "overcrowded (adj.)",
   "overcrowding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "packed",
   "congested"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "empty",
   "uncrowded"
  ],
  "tip": "be crowded with 表示“挤满……”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crowded"
 },
 {
  "w": "promise",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒmɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːmɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "承诺；答应",
    "en": "to say firmly that you will do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "承诺；诺言",
    "en": "a firm statement that you will do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "潜力；前景",
    "en": "signs that someone or something may succeed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I promise to return your bicycle before dinner.",
    "zh": "我保证晚饭前把自行车还给你。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although renewable technologies show considerable promise, further investment is needed to make them widely affordable.",
    "zh": "虽然可再生能源技术展现出巨大潜力，但仍需进一步投资，使其价格能被大众接受。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep a promise｜信守承诺",
   "break a promise｜违背诺言",
   "promise to do something｜承诺做某事",
   "show promise｜展现潜力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "promising (adj.)",
   "unpromising (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pledge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用promise to do，不用promise doing。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "promise"
 },
 {
  "w": "unhappy",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈhæpi/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈhæpi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不快乐的；难过的",
    "en": "Feeling sad or lacking happiness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不满意的",
    "en": "Not satisfied with someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He looked unhappy when the picnic was cancelled.",
    "zh": "野餐取消后，他显得很不开心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents are unhappy with the proposed road expansion because it would remove valuable green space.",
    "zh": "居民对拟议中的道路扩建不满意，因为它会占用宝贵的绿地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel unhappy｜感到不快乐",
   "unhappy with the service｜对服务不满意",
   "an unhappy childhood｜不快乐的童年"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "happy (adj.)",
   "happiness (n.)",
   "unhappiness (n.)",
   "unhappily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sad",
   "miserable",
   "dissatisfied"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "happy",
   "content"
  ],
  "tip": "unhappy with常表示“对……不满意”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unhappy"
 },
 {
  "w": "matter",
  "uk": "/ˈmætə/",
  "us": "/ˈmætər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "事情；问题",
    "en": "a subject, situation or problem needing thought or attention"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "要紧；有关系",
    "en": "to be important or make a difference"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "物质",
    "en": "physical substance that occupies space and has mass"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We can discuss this matter after lunch today.",
    "zh": "我们可以今天午饭后讨论这件事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The quality of teaching matters more than expensive equipment when schools aim to improve student achievement.",
    "zh": "学校若想提高学生成绩，教学质量比昂贵的设备更重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a serious matter｜严重的问题",
   "a matter of time｜时间问题",
   "organic matter｜有机物",
   "it doesn't matter｜没关系"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指事情时通常可数；指物质时不可数；作动词表示要紧。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "matter"
 },
 {
  "w": "sunshine",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌnʃaɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌnʃaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阳光",
    "en": "light and warmth coming from the sun"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "欢乐；带来快乐的人或事",
    "en": "happiness, or someone or something that brings happiness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We ate our breakfast outside in the warm sunshine.",
    "zh": "我们在外面温暖的阳光下吃了早餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to parks and sunshine can improve residents' wellbeing, especially in densely populated urban areas.",
    "zh": "能够享用公园和阳光可以改善居民的身心健康，在人口密集的城市地区尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bright sunshine｜明媚的阳光",
   "in the sunshine｜在阳光下",
   "hours of sunshine｜日照时长",
   "a ray of sunshine｜带来快乐的人或事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sun (n.)",
   "sunny (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sunlight"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sunshine通常不可数；表示晴天可说a sunny day。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sunshine"
 },
 {
  "w": "engineer",
  "uk": "/ˌendʒɪˈnɪə/",
  "us": "/ˌendʒɪˈnɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工程师",
    "en": "Someone who designs or builds machines, structures, or technical systems."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "设计制造；策划促成",
    "en": "To design something technical or skilfully arrange an outcome."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An engineer checked the bridge before it opened.",
    "zh": "一位工程师在桥梁通车前进行了检查。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers can reduce urban energy consumption by designing buildings that require less heating and cooling.",
    "zh": "工程师可以通过设计供暖和制冷需求更低的建筑来减少城市能源消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "civil engineer｜土木工程师",
   "software engineer｜软件工程师",
   "engineer a solution｜精心设计解决方案"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "engineering (n.)",
   "engineered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "engineer也可作动词，表示设计或策划促成。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "engineer"
 },
 {
  "w": "midday",
  "uk": "/ˌmɪdˈdeɪ/",
  "us": "/ˌmɪdˈdeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "中午；正午",
    "en": "the middle of the day, around twelve o'clock"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stopped for a picnic beside the lake at midday.",
    "zh": "中午，我们停下来在湖边野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Outdoor workers should avoid direct sunlight around midday to reduce the risk of heat exhaustion.",
    "zh": "户外工作者应避免在中午前后受到阳光直射，以降低热衰竭的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at midday｜在中午",
   "around midday｜中午前后",
   "the midday sun｜正午的阳光"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "noon"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "midnight"
  ],
  "tip": "时间前用at；也可置于名词前，如midday sun。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "midday"
 },
 {
  "w": "bookshelf",
  "uk": "/ˈbʊkʃelf/",
  "us": "/ˈbʊkʃelf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "书架；书橱中的搁板",
    "en": "a shelf used for storing books"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She placed her favourite novel on the wooden bookshelf.",
    "zh": "她把最喜欢的小说放到了木书架上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-stocked bookshelf in every classroom can encourage children to explore subjects beyond the school curriculum.",
    "zh": "每间教室都配备藏书丰富的书架，可以鼓励孩子探索学校课程以外的主题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wooden bookshelf｜木书架",
   "on the bookshelf｜在书架上",
   "a well-stocked bookshelf｜藏书丰富的书架"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shelf (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为bookshelves，注意把f变为ves。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bookshelf"
 },
 {
  "w": "attractive",
  "uk": "/əˈtræktɪv/",
  "us": "/əˈtræktɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "好看的；有魅力的",
    "en": "Pleasant to look at"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有吸引力的",
    "en": "Having qualities that make people interested in choosing something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The garden looks especially attractive when the roses bloom.",
    "zh": "玫瑰盛开时，这座花园显得格外美丽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working hours make teaching a more attractive career option for some university graduates.",
    "zh": "灵活的工作时间让教师职业对一些大学毕业生更具吸引力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an attractive appearance｜好看的外表",
   "an attractive salary｜诱人的薪资",
   "an attractive option｜有吸引力的选择",
   "attractive to visitors｜吸引游客的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attract (v.)",
   "attraction (n.)",
   "attractively (adv.)",
   "attractiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "appealing",
   "lovely"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unattractive",
   "unappealing"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容外表好看，也可形容方案、薪资诱人。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attractive"
 },
 {
  "w": "view",
  "uk": "/vjuː/",
  "us": "/vjuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "观点；看法",
    "en": "An opinion or belief about something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "景色；视野",
    "en": "What you can see from a particular place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "看待；观看",
    "en": "To consider something in a particular way, or look at it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My view is that we should leave earlier.",
    "zh": "我的看法是我们应该早点出发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many residents view investment in public transport as an effective way to reduce urban pollution.",
    "zh": "许多居民认为，投资公共交通是减少城市污染的有效方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "express a view｜表达观点",
   "in my view｜在我看来",
   "a sea view｜海景",
   "view something as｜将某事视为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "viewer (n.)",
   "viewing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "opinion",
   "perspective"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "观点用view on；把某事视为用view…as…。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "view"
 },
 {
  "w": "finally",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪnəli/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪnəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "终于",
    "en": "After a long wait, delay, or effort."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "最后",
    "en": "Used to introduce the last point or action."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After searching all morning, I finally found my keys.",
    "zh": "找了一上午后，我终于找到了钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Finally, governments should invest in reliable public transport to reduce traffic congestion and urban air pollution.",
    "zh": "最后，政府应投资建设可靠的公共交通，以缓解交通拥堵和城市空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "finally arrive｜终于到达",
   "finally succeed｜终于成功",
   "finally agree｜终于同意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "final (adj.)",
   "finality (n.)",
   "finalise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "eventually",
   "at last",
   "lastly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示终于常置于实义动词前；引出最后一点常置句首。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "finally"
 },
 {
  "w": "doll",
  "uk": "/dɒl/",
  "us": "/dɑːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "玩偶；洋娃娃",
    "en": "A toy shaped like a person."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My little cousin tucked her doll into a tiny bed.",
    "zh": "我的小表妹把她的洋娃娃安顿在一张小床上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Playing with dolls can help young children develop communication skills and explore different social roles.",
    "zh": "玩玩偶可以帮助幼儿培养沟通能力，并探索不同的社会角色。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a rag doll｜布娃娃",
   "play with dolls｜玩玩偶",
   "a doll's house｜玩偶屋"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指人形玩具；用来称呼女性可能显得轻慢。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "doll"
 },
 {
  "w": "excuse",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈskjuːs/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈskjuːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "借口；辩解理由",
    "en": "a reason given to explain or defend a fault"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "原谅；宽恕",
    "en": "forgive someone for a mistake or impolite behaviour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "准许免做；准许离开",
    "en": "allow someone to avoid a duty or leave"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He made an excuse for arriving late to dinner.",
    "zh": "他为晚餐迟到找了个借口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Limited funding should not become an excuse for neglecting essential maintenance in schools and public hospitals.",
    "zh": "资金有限不应成为忽视学校和公立医院必要维护工作的借口。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make an excuse｜找借口",
   "an excuse for｜为……找的借口",
   "excuse me｜劳驾；对不起",
   "excuse someone from｜准许某人免于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "excusable (adj.)",
   "inexcusable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词末尾读/s/，动词读/z/；excuse me常用于礼貌打断。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "excuse"
 },
 {
  "w": "thick",
  "uk": "/θɪk/",
  "us": "/θɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "厚的；粗的",
    "en": "having a large distance between opposite surfaces"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "浓密的；浓重的",
    "en": "having many things close together or being difficult to see through"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "黏稠的",
    "en": "flowing slowly rather than easily, like heavy cream"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wrapped a thick blanket around her cold shoulders.",
    "zh": "她把一条厚毯子裹在冰冷的肩膀上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Thick layers of insulation can reduce heat loss and lower household energy bills during winter.",
    "zh": "厚厚的隔热层可以减少热量流失，降低冬季家庭能源开支。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thick fog｜浓雾",
   "thick hair｜浓密的头发",
   "thick soup｜浓汤",
   "thick layer｜厚厚的一层"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thickness (n.)",
   "thicken (v.)",
   "thickly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "thin"
  ],
  "tip": "形容液体时指黏稠，不一定表示味道浓。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thick"
 },
 {
  "w": "chess",
  "uk": "/tʃes/",
  "us": "/tʃes/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "国际象棋",
    "en": "a two-player board game involving pieces with different permitted moves"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather taught me chess during the winter holidays.",
    "zh": "寒假期间，爷爷教我下国际象棋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Playing chess regularly may help children develop concentration and practise planning several steps ahead.",
    "zh": "经常下国际象棋可能有助于儿童提高专注力，并练习提前规划多个步骤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play chess｜下国际象棋",
   "chess board｜国际象棋棋盘",
   "chess tournament｜国际象棋锦标赛",
   "chess piece｜国际象棋棋子"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "说play chess，不加冠词the。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chess"
 },
 {
  "w": "kilo",
  "uk": "/ˈkiːləʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈkiːloʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "千克；公斤",
    "en": "A kilogram, a unit used to measure mass."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could I have half a kilo of tomatoes, please?",
    "zh": "请给我半公斤西红柿，好吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Comparing food prices per kilo can help households manage their budgets and make more economical purchasing decisions.",
    "zh": "比较食品每公斤的价格，有助于家庭管理预算，作出更经济的购买决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "half a kilo｜半公斤",
   "a kilo of rice｜一公斤大米",
   "per kilo｜每公斤"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "kilogram (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "kilogram"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "kilo通常是kilogram的简称，不指公里。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kilo"
 },
 {
  "w": "illness",
  "uk": "/ˈɪlnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈɪlnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疾病；生病",
    "en": "a disease, or the state of being unwell"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She missed our picnic because of a sudden illness.",
    "zh": "她突然生病，没能参加我们的野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early access to medical care can prevent minor illnesses from developing into serious health problems.",
    "zh": "及早获得医疗服务可以防止小病发展为严重的健康问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "serious illness｜重病",
   "mental illness｜精神疾病",
   "recover from an illness｜病后康复",
   "due to illness｜因病"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ill (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sickness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "health"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指生病时不可数；指具体疾病时可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "illness"
 },
 {
  "w": "headache",
  "uk": "/ˈhedeɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈhedeɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "头痛",
    "en": "Pain felt in the head."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "令人头痛的难题",
    "en": "A problem that causes worry or is difficult to manage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I have a headache, so I need some quiet.",
    "zh": "我头痛，需要安静一会儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ageing transport infrastructure has become a major headache for local authorities facing increasingly limited budgets.",
    "zh": "对于预算日益紧张的地方政府而言，老化的交通基础设施已成为一大难题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have a headache｜头痛",
   "a severe headache｜剧烈头痛",
   "a major headache｜一大难题"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示一次头痛用a headache，通常说have a headache。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "headache"
 },
 {
  "w": "dustbin",
  "uk": "/ˈdʌstbɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈdʌstbɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "垃圾桶",
    "en": "A large container for rubbish, usually kept outside."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please put that rubbish in the dustbin outside.",
    "zh": "请把那些垃圾放进外面的垃圾桶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing a separate dustbin for food waste can help households reduce the amount of rubbish sent to landfill.",
    "zh": "为厨余垃圾提供单独的垃圾桶，可以帮助家庭减少送往填埋场的垃圾量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "empty the dustbin｜清空垃圾桶",
   "dustbin lid｜垃圾桶盖",
   "put rubbish in the dustbin｜把垃圾放进垃圾桶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "rubbish bin",
   "garbage can",
   "trash can"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式用词；美式常用garbage can或trash can。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dustbin"
 },
 {
  "w": "appear",
  "uk": "/əˈpɪə/",
  "us": "/əˈpɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "出现；显现",
    "en": "To become visible or come into view."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "似乎；显得",
    "en": "To seem to be a certain way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "登场；出庭",
    "en": "To take part in a performance or attend court formally."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Stars began to appear as the sky grew darker.",
    "zh": "天空渐渐变暗，星星开始出现。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online courses appear to offer greater flexibility, although some learners still prefer traditional classroom interaction.",
    "zh": "网络课程似乎提供了更大的灵活性，但一些学习者仍更喜欢传统课堂互动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "appear suddenly｜突然出现",
   "appear to be｜似乎是",
   "appear in court｜出庭"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "appearance (n.)",
   "disappear (v.)",
   "reappear (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "emerge",
   "seem"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disappear"
  ],
  "tip": "表“似乎”可接形容词或to do；不能直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "appear"
 },
 {
  "w": "nowhere",
  "uk": "/ˈnəʊweə/",
  "us": "/ˈnoʊwer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "无处；哪里都不",
    "en": "not in or to any place"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There was nowhere to sit on the crowded train.",
    "zh": "拥挤的火车上没有地方可坐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without affordable housing, some low-income families have nowhere to live despite having regular paid employment.",
    "zh": "如果缺乏可负担的住房，一些低收入家庭即使有固定工作，也无处居住。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nowhere else｜别的地方都不",
   "nowhere near｜远不及；远非",
   "get nowhere｜毫无进展",
   "in the middle of nowhere｜在偏僻之地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "somewhere",
   "everywhere"
  ],
  "tip": "本身含否定意义：I have nowhere to go。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nowhere"
 },
 {
  "w": "bee",
  "uk": "/biː/",
  "us": "/biː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蜜蜂",
    "en": "a flying insect that collects pollen; some kinds make honey"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A bee landed gently on the yellow flower.",
    "zh": "一只蜜蜂轻轻落在那朵黄花上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting bees is essential for agriculture because these insects pollinate many crops that humans depend on.",
    "zh": "保护蜜蜂对农业至关重要，因为它们为许多人类赖以生存的作物授粉。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "honey bee｜蜜蜂",
   "a swarm of bees｜一群蜜蜂",
   "bee sting｜蜂蜇",
   "bee colony｜蜂群"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "beekeeper (n.)",
   "beekeeping (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bee与be同音；蜂群可用a swarm of bees。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bee"
 },
 {
  "w": "barbecue",
  "uk": "/ˈbɑːbɪkjuː/",
  "us": "/ˈbɑːrbɪkjuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "户外烧烤聚餐",
    "en": "An outdoor meal where food is cooked over a fire."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烧烤架",
    "en": "Equipment for cooking food over a fire outdoors."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "烧烤",
    "en": "To cook food on a grill over a fire."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We invited our neighbours to a barbecue in the garden.",
    "zh": "我们邀请邻居来花园参加烧烤聚餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Designated barbecue areas allow visitors to cook outdoors while reducing the risk of fires in public parks.",
    "zh": "指定烧烤区既能让游客在户外烹饪，也能降低公园发生火灾的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have a barbecue｜举办烧烤聚餐",
   "barbecue sauce｜烧烤酱",
   "barbecue vegetables｜烧烤蔬菜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指烧烤聚餐或烤架，也可作动词；常缩写为BBQ。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "barbecue"
 },
 {
  "w": "invitation",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "邀请；请帖",
    "en": "a request for someone to attend or join something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We received an invitation to our neighbour's garden party.",
    "zh": "我们收到了邻居花园聚会的邀请。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An invitation to participate in local planning can encourage residents to take greater responsibility for their neighbourhood.",
    "zh": "邀请居民参与地方规划，可以鼓励他们为社区承担更多责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "accept an invitation｜接受邀请",
   "decline an invitation｜谢绝邀请",
   "an invitation to dinner｜晚餐邀请",
   "by invitation only｜仅限受邀者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "invite (v.)",
   "inviting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "参加活动用invitation to；邀请做事用to do。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "invitation"
 },
 {
  "w": "secretary",
  "uk": "/ˈsekrətri/",
  "us": "/ˈsekrəteri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "秘书",
    "en": "Someone who arranges meetings and handles office communication."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "协会或组织的书记；干事",
    "en": "An official managing an organisation's records and routine business."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "部长；大臣",
    "en": "A senior government official responsible for a particular department."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The secretary arranged a meeting for tomorrow afternoon.",
    "zh": "秘书安排了明天下午的会议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A school secretary often provides essential support by coordinating appointments and communicating with parents throughout the day.",
    "zh": "学校秘书常常通过安排会面及全天与家长沟通，提供不可或缺的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "personal secretary｜私人秘书",
   "club secretary｜俱乐部干事",
   "foreign secretary｜外交大臣"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "secretarial (adj.)",
   "secretariat (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指办公室秘书，也可指某些政府部长。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "secretary"
 },
 {
  "w": "onto",
  "uk": "/ˈɒntə/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːntə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "到……上面",
    "en": "Moving to a position on a surface."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cat jumped onto the sofa beside me.",
    "zh": "猫跳到我旁边的沙发上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Moving freight onto trains could reduce road congestion and lower emissions from the transport sector.",
    "zh": "将货物转移到火车上运输，可以缓解道路拥堵并降低运输业的排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "climb onto｜爬到……上",
   "step onto｜踏上",
   "load goods onto｜把货物装到……上"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "off"
  ],
  "tip": "onto强调移动到表面；on常表示已在上面。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "onto"
 },
 {
  "w": "prize",
  "uk": "/praɪz/",
  "us": "/praɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奖品；奖金；奖项",
    "en": "something given for winning a competition or achieving something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "珍视；高度重视",
    "en": "to value something very highly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Lina won a prize for her colourful garden.",
    "zh": "莉娜因她色彩缤纷的花园获了奖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Offering a prize for innovative designs can encourage students to develop practical solutions to environmental problems.",
    "zh": "为创新设计设奖，可以鼓励学生提出解决环境问题的实用方案。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "win a prize｜获奖",
   "first prize｜一等奖",
   "prize money｜奖金",
   "highly prized｜备受珍视的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prized (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "award",
   "reward"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "prize可作动词表珍视，常见be highly prized。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prize"
 },
 {
  "w": "popcorn",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒpkɔːn/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːpkɔːrn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爆米花",
    "en": "corn kernels heated until they burst into light, fluffy pieces"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared a bowl of popcorn during the film.",
    "zh": "看电影时，我们一起吃了一碗爆米花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cinemas often earn additional revenue by selling snacks such as popcorn alongside tickets for film screenings.",
    "zh": "电影院除了出售电影票，往往还通过销售爆米花等零食获得额外收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bowl of popcorn｜一碗爆米花",
   "salted popcorn｜咸味爆米花",
   "make popcorn｜做爆米花"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常是不可数名词；一颗可说a piece of popcorn。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "popcorn"
 },
 {
  "w": "speed",
  "uk": "/spiːd/",
  "us": "/spiːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "速度；速率",
    "en": "How fast something moves, happens, or operates"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "快速移动；疾驰",
    "en": "To move or travel very fast"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "超速驾驶",
    "en": "To drive faster than the legal limit"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The train picked up speed as we left town.",
    "zh": "我们离开小镇时，火车加快了速度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing vehicle speeds near schools can significantly improve road safety for children walking or cycling to class.",
    "zh": "降低学校附近的车速，可以显著提高步行或骑车上学的儿童的道路安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at high speed｜高速地",
   "a speed limit｜速度限制",
   "pick up speed｜加速",
   "speed up｜加快"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "speedy (adj.)",
   "speedily (adv.)",
   "speeding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pace",
   "velocity"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "speed up表示加快；speed也可作动词指超速驾驶。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "speed"
 },
 {
  "w": "stove",
  "uk": "/stəʊv/",
  "us": "/stoʊv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "炉灶；火炉",
    "en": "a device used for cooking food or heating a room"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A pot of soup is bubbling on the stove.",
    "zh": "一锅汤正在炉灶上咕嘟咕嘟地煮着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing traditional indoor stoves with cleaner models can reduce household air pollution and improve respiratory health.",
    "zh": "用更清洁的炉具替换传统室内炉灶，可以减少家庭空气污染并改善呼吸系统健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gas stove｜燃气灶",
   "electric stove｜电炉",
   "wood-burning stove｜烧木柴的火炉",
   "on the stove｜在炉灶上"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "stove用于烹饪或取暖；oven专指烤箱。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stove"
 },
 {
  "w": "mango",
  "uk": "/ˈmæŋɡəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈmæŋɡoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "芒果",
    "en": "A tropical fruit with sweet orange flesh and a large stone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This mango is sweet enough to eat without sugar.",
    "zh": "这个芒果已经很甜了，不用加糖就能吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved storage facilities can help mango farmers reduce food waste and earn more reliable incomes.",
    "zh": "改善储存设施可以帮助芒果种植户减少食物浪费，获得更稳定的收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a ripe mango｜熟芒果",
   "mango juice｜芒果汁",
   "mango flesh｜芒果果肉"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数mangoes和mangos均正确。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mango"
 },
 {
  "w": "pill",
  "uk": "/pɪl/",
  "us": "/pɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "药丸；药片",
    "en": "a small solid piece of medicine that you swallow"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "口服避孕药",
    "en": "an oral medicine used to prevent pregnancy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He swallowed the pill with a glass of water.",
    "zh": "他用一杯水把药片吞了下去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although a pill may relieve symptoms, lasting improvements in health often require changes to daily habits.",
    "zh": "虽然药物可能缓解症状，但要持久改善健康，往往需要改变日常习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a pill｜服药",
   "swallow a pill｜吞服药片",
   "vitamin pill｜维生素片",
   "the pill｜口服避孕药"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "tablet"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "take a pill指服药；the pill常特指口服避孕药。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pill"
 },
 {
  "w": "local",
  "uk": "/ˈləʊkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈloʊkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "当地的；本地的",
    "en": "relating to the area where someone lives or something happens"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "当地人",
    "en": "a person who lives in a particular area"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "局部的",
    "en": "affecting only a limited part of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We buy fresh bread from our local bakery every morning.",
    "zh": "我们每天早晨都在附近的面包店买新鲜面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Supporting local businesses can strengthen community ties and keep more money circulating within the regional economy.",
    "zh": "支持本地企业可以加强社区联系，并让更多资金在区域经济内部流通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local community｜当地社区",
   "local authorities｜地方当局",
   "local residents｜当地居民",
   "local anaesthetic｜局部麻醉药"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "locally (adv.)",
   "locality (n.)",
   "localise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "nearby"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词复数locals指当地人；locally是副词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "local"
 },
 {
  "w": "hide",
  "uk": "/haɪd/",
  "us": "/haɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "隐藏；躲藏",
    "en": "To put or stay somewhere out of sight."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "隐瞒；掩饰",
    "en": "To prevent others from knowing or noticing something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "兽皮",
    "en": "The skin of a large animal, often used for leather."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hid the birthday present under the bed.",
    "zh": "我们把生日礼物藏在了床底下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies should not hide information about environmental risks associated with their products or manufacturing processes.",
    "zh": "企业不应隐瞒其产品或生产流程所涉及的环境风险信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hide from view｜藏起来不让看见",
   "hide the truth｜隐瞒真相",
   "hide your feelings｜掩饰感情",
   "animal hide｜兽皮"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hidden (adj.)",
   "hiding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "conceal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reveal",
   "expose"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式hid，过去分词hidden；hide from意为躲避。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hide"
 },
 {
  "w": "awake",
  "uk": "/əˈweɪk/",
  "us": "/əˈweɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "醒着的",
    "en": "not sleeping"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "醒来；唤醒",
    "en": "to stop sleeping or cause someone to stop sleeping"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was still awake when the rain finally stopped.",
    "zh": "雨终于停下时，我还醒着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who stay awake late at night may struggle to concentrate during lessons the following morning.",
    "zh": "熬夜不睡的学生第二天上午上课时可能难以集中注意力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wide awake｜完全清醒的",
   "stay awake｜保持清醒",
   "lie awake｜躺着睡不着"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "awaken (v.)",
   "awakening (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "asleep"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词通常作表语；动词变化为awoke、awoken。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "awake"
 },
 {
  "w": "noise",
  "uk": "/nɔɪz/",
  "us": "/nɔɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "噪音；响声",
    "en": "a sound, especially one that is loud or unwanted"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The noise outside woke me before my alarm rang.",
    "zh": "外面的噪音在闹钟响之前就把我吵醒了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged exposure to traffic noise can affect sleep quality and reduce the wellbeing of urban residents.",
    "zh": "长期接触交通噪音会影响睡眠质量，降低城市居民的身心健康水平。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "noise pollution｜噪音污染",
   "background noise｜背景噪音",
   "make a noise｜发出声响",
   "traffic noise｜交通噪音"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "noisy (adj.)",
   "noisily (adv.)",
   "noiseless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sound"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "silence"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指噪音时不可数；指某个具体声响可用a noise。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "noise"
 },
 {
  "w": "stick",
  "uk": "/stɪk/",
  "us": "/stɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "棍；枝条；手杖",
    "en": "A long, thin piece of wood used for various purposes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "粘贴；粘住",
    "en": "To attach something, or become attached, using a sticky substance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "插入；刺入",
    "en": "To push a pointed object into something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dog brought a stick back to me.",
    "zh": "那只狗把一根树枝叼回给我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students can stick pictures onto a shared poster to present their research on local wildlife.",
    "zh": "学生可以把图片贴在共同制作的海报上，展示他们对当地野生动物的研究。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "walking stick｜手杖",
   "stick to a plan｜坚持计划",
   "stick a picture on｜把图片贴在……上",
   "stick together｜团结一致"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sticky (adj.)",
   "sticker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词过去式和过去分词均为stuck；stick to表示坚持。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stick"
 },
 {
  "w": "Irish",
  "uk": "/ˈaɪərɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈaɪrɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "爱尔兰的；爱尔兰人的",
    "en": "relating to Ireland, its people, or their culture"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爱尔兰语",
    "en": "a Celtic language traditionally spoken in Ireland"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爱尔兰人（统称）",
    "en": "the people of Ireland, referred to collectively"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An Irish musician played the fiddle at our festival.",
    "zh": "一位爱尔兰音乐家在我们的节庆活动上拉小提琴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional Irish music can strengthen cultural identity while attracting visitors to rural communities across the country.",
    "zh": "爱尔兰传统音乐既能增强文化认同，也能吸引游客前往全国各地的乡村社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Irish culture｜爱尔兰文化",
   "Irish music｜爱尔兰音乐",
   "speak Irish｜说爱尔兰语",
   "the Irish｜爱尔兰人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Ireland (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "the Irish统称爱尔兰人；单个人用an Irish person。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "irish"
 },
 {
  "w": "common",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmən/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "常见的；普遍的",
    "en": "happening often or found in many places"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "共同的；共有的",
    "en": "shared by two or more people or groups"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy rain is common here during the summer.",
    "zh": "这里夏天经常下大雨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should address the common challenges that prevent rural communities from accessing affordable healthcare.",
    "zh": "政府应解决阻碍农村社区获得可负担医疗服务的共同难题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a common problem｜常见问题",
   "a common goal｜共同目标",
   "have something in common｜有共同之处",
   "common practice｜惯常做法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "commonly (adv.)",
   "uncommon (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "frequent",
   "widespread",
   "shared"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rare",
   "uncommon"
  ],
  "tip": "common指常见或共有；ordinary强调普通、不特别。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "common"
 },
 {
  "w": "kettle",
  "uk": "/ˈketəl/",
  "us": "/ˈketəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烧水壶",
    "en": "A container with a handle and spout for boiling water."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Put the kettle on while I find the cups.",
    "zh": "你先烧水，我来找杯子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Boiling only the water needed in a kettle can reduce household electricity consumption over time.",
    "zh": "每次只烧所需的水，长期下来可以减少家庭用电量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "electric kettle｜电热水壶",
   "put the kettle on｜烧水",
   "boil the kettle｜烧一壶水"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "kettle 用来烧水，teapot 用来泡茶。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kettle"
 },
 {
  "w": "judo",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒuːdəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒuːdoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "柔道",
    "en": "A sport using throws and holds to overcome an opponent."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our judo teacher showed us how to fall safely.",
    "zh": "我们的柔道老师教了我们如何安全地倒地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Practising judo under qualified supervision can help young people develop balance, self-discipline, and respect for others.",
    "zh": "在合格教练的指导下练习柔道，可以帮助年轻人提高平衡能力、自律性以及对他人的尊重。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "do judo｜练柔道",
   "judo instructor｜柔道教练",
   "judo club｜柔道俱乐部",
   "judo match｜柔道比赛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "judoka (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "练柔道用do judo，不用play judo。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "judo"
 },
 {
  "w": "opposite",
  "uk": "/ˈɒpəzɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːpəzɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相反的；对面的",
    "en": "completely different, or on the other side"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在…对面",
    "en": "facing someone or something from the other side"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "相反的人或事物",
    "en": "someone or something completely different from another"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We left the station and walked in opposite directions.",
    "zh": "我们离开车站，朝相反的方向走去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although the policy aimed to reduce traffic, it had the opposite effect in several residential areas.",
    "zh": "尽管该政策旨在减少交通流量，却在几个住宅区产生了相反的效果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "opposite directions｜相反方向",
   "the opposite effect｜相反的效果",
   "the exact opposite｜截然相反的事物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "opposition (n.)",
   "oppose (v.)",
   "opposing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "contrary"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "same"
  ],
  "tip": "介词opposite后直接接地点；名词常用the opposite of。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "opposite"
 },
 {
  "w": "female",
  "uk": "/ˈfiːmeɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈfiːmeɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "女性的；雌性的",
    "en": "Relating to women, girls, or animals that typically produce eggs."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雌性动物；女性",
    "en": "An animal or person of the female sex."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The female lion rested beside her cubs in the shade.",
    "zh": "母狮和幼狮一起在阴凉处休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Encouraging female students to study engineering can help reduce gender inequality in the technology sector.",
    "zh": "鼓励女生学习工程学有助于减少科技行业中的性别不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "female students｜女生",
   "female employees｜女性员工",
   "a female elephant｜一头母象"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "male"
  ],
  "tip": "指成年女性通常用women；female作定语较自然。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "female"
 },
 {
  "w": "imagine",
  "uk": "/ɪˈmædʒɪn/",
  "us": "/ɪˈmædʒɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "想象；设想",
    "en": "Form a picture or idea of something in your mind."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猜想；认为",
    "en": "Think something is probably true without being certain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Imagine living in a little house beside the sea.",
    "zh": "想象一下住在海边一栋小房子里的情景。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planners must imagine how future residents will use shared spaces before designing new neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "城市规划者在设计新社区之前，必须设想未来居民将如何使用公共空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "imagine doing something｜想象做某事",
   "hard to imagine｜难以想象",
   "imagine the future｜设想未来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "imagination (n.)",
   "imaginative (adj.)",
   "imaginary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "picture",
   "envisage"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "imagine后接动名词，不接to do。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "imagine"
 },
 {
  "w": "file",
  "uk": "/faɪl/",
  "us": "/faɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文件；档案；文件夹",
    "en": "Stored information on a computer, or an organized collection of papers."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "归档；提交",
    "en": "To store documents systematically or submit them to an authority."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "锉刀",
    "en": "A rough metal tool used to smooth or shape surfaces."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I saved the file before switching off my laptop.",
    "zh": "我关掉笔记本电脑之前保存了文件。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public institutions should store confidential files securely to prevent unauthorized access and protect citizens' personal information.",
    "zh": "公共机构应安全存储机密文件，以防止未经授权的访问并保护公民的个人信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "save a file｜保存文件",
   "attach a file｜附加文件",
   "file a complaint｜正式提出投诉",
   "file documents｜将文件归档"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "filing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "file a complaint 指正式投诉，不是把投诉归档。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "file"
 },
 {
  "w": "airline",
  "uk": "/ˈeəlaɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈerlaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "航空公司",
    "en": "A company that transports passengers or goods by aircraft"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The airline sent us new tickets after cancelling our flight.",
    "zh": "航班取消后，航空公司给我们发了新机票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Airlines can lower their environmental impact by investing in more efficient aircraft and reducing unnecessary flights.",
    "zh": "航空公司可以通过投资更高效的飞机并减少不必要的航班来降低环境影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "budget airline｜廉价航空公司",
   "airline ticket｜机票",
   "airline industry｜航空业"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "air carrier"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "airline指航空公司；具体航班用flight。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "airline"
 },
 {
  "w": "suggestion",
  "uk": "/səˈdʒestʃən/",
  "us": "/səˈdʒestʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "建议；提议",
    "en": "an idea offered for someone to consider"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "暗示；细微迹象",
    "en": "a slight sign that something exists or may be true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your suggestion to bring a picnic was really helpful.",
    "zh": "你提议带上野餐食物，真是帮了大忙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The suggestion to expand cycle lanes received strong support from residents concerned about road safety.",
    "zh": "扩建自行车道的建议得到了关注道路安全的居民的大力支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a suggestion｜提出建议",
   "a useful suggestion｜有用的建议",
   "a suggestion of｜一丝；些许"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suggest (v.)",
   "suggestive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "proposal",
   "recommendation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "suggestion是可数名词；advice通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suggestion"
 },
 {
  "w": "seaside",
  "uk": "/ˈsiːsaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈsiːsaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海滨；海边",
    "en": "The area beside the sea, especially where people spend holidays"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "海滨的；海边的",
    "en": "Located beside the sea, especially in a holiday area"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent the afternoon building sandcastles at the seaside.",
    "zh": "我们下午在海边堆沙堡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Seaside towns often depend on summer tourism, which can create unstable employment for local residents.",
    "zh": "海滨小镇往往依赖夏季旅游业，这可能使当地居民的就业不稳定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at the seaside｜在海边",
   "seaside resort｜海滨度假胜地",
   "seaside town｜海滨小镇",
   "seaside holiday｜海滨度假"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sea (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "coast",
   "seashore"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词常用 the seaside；表示“在海边”用 at。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seaside"
 },
 {
  "w": "ourselves",
  "uk": "/aʊəˈselvz/",
  "us": "/aʊrˈselvz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "我们自己",
    "en": "used when we are both doing and receiving an action"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "我们亲自",
    "en": "used to emphasize that we do something, not others"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We saw ourselves reflected in the clear lake.",
    "zh": "我们看到了自己映在清澈湖水中的倒影。"
   },
   {
    "en": "By involving ourselves in community projects, we can develop practical skills and strengthen local relationships.",
    "zh": "通过参与社区项目，我们可以培养实用技能并增进邻里关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "by ourselves｜独自；靠我们自己",
   "enjoy ourselves｜玩得开心",
   "pride ourselves on｜我们以……为傲",
   "for ourselves｜为我们自己"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "we (pron.)",
   "us (pron.)",
   "our (det.)",
   "ours (pron.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "by ourselves可指独自，也可指不靠别人。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ourselves"
 },
 {
  "w": "fried",
  "uk": "/fraɪd/",
  "us": "/fraɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "油炸的；油煎的",
    "en": "cooked in hot oil or fat"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had fried eggs and toast for breakfast.",
    "zh": "我们早餐吃了煎蛋和烤面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Eating fried foods too frequently can increase calorie intake and make maintaining a healthy weight more difficult.",
    "zh": "过于频繁地吃油炸食品会增加热量摄入，使维持健康体重更加困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fried rice｜炒饭",
   "fried eggs｜煎蛋",
   "deep-fried food｜油炸食品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fry (v.)",
   "frying (n.)",
   "fryer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fried是fry的过去式和过去分词，也作形容词；不限于油炸。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fried"
 },
 {
  "w": "offer",
  "uk": "/ˈɒfə/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːfər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "主动提供；提议",
    "en": "Say you are willing to give something or do something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "提议；录用或录取通知",
    "en": "A proposal of help, an opportunity, or a place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "出价",
    "en": "Say how much you are willing to pay."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbour offered to carry the heavy bags upstairs.",
    "zh": "邻居主动提出帮我们把沉重的袋子搬上楼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should offer practical training that helps students develop skills relevant to the workplace.",
    "zh": "大学应提供实践培训，帮助学生培养与职场相关的技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "offer help｜主动提供帮助",
   "offer someone a job｜给某人提供工作",
   "accept an offer｜接受提议",
   "make an offer｜出价；提出提议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "offering (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主动做某事用offer to do，不用offer doing。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "offer"
 },
 {
  "w": "sort",
  "uk": "/sɔːt/",
  "us": "/sɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "种类；类型",
    "en": "a group of things sharing similar characteristics"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分类；整理；排序",
    "en": "to arrange things in groups or a particular order"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "处理妥当；解决",
    "en": "to deal successfully with a problem or practical matter"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "What sort of music do you listen to at home?",
    "zh": "你在家听哪种音乐？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Households should sort their waste carefully so that recyclable materials can be processed more efficiently.",
    "zh": "家庭应仔细将垃圾分类，以便更高效地处理可回收材料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "all sorts of｜各种各样的",
   "sort by size｜按大小分类",
   "sort out a problem｜解决问题",
   "sort of｜有点；算是"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sorting (n.)",
   "sorter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "type",
   "kind",
   "classify"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a sort of表示“一种”；sort of也可口语表示“有点”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sort"
 },
 {
  "w": "project",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒdʒekt/; /prəˈdʒekt/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːdʒekt/; /prəˈdʒekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "项目；工程；课题",
    "en": "A planned piece of work with a particular purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "预计；预测",
    "en": "To estimate a future amount or situation using current information."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "投射；放映",
    "en": "To send light or images onto a surface."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our garden project started with three pots of herbs.",
    "zh": "我们的园艺项目是从三盆香草开始的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers project that demand for electricity will increase as more households switch to electric vehicles.",
    "zh": "研究人员预计，随着更多家庭改用电动汽车，电力需求将会增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a research project｜研究项目",
   "carry out a project｜开展项目",
   "be projected to rise｜预计会上升",
   "project an image｜投射图像"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "projection (n.)",
   "projector (n.)",
   "projected (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在前，动词重音在后；音标按此顺序列出。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "project"
 },
 {
  "w": "actress",
  "uk": "/ˈæktrəs/",
  "us": "/ˈæktrəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女演员",
    "en": "a woman who performs characters in plays or films"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The actress waved to the crowd outside the theatre.",
    "zh": "那位女演员向剧院外的人群挥手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A successful actress can encourage young people to explore careers in the performing arts.",
    "zh": "一位成功的女演员可以鼓励年轻人探索表演艺术领域的职业道路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "leading actress｜女主角",
   "supporting actress｜女配角",
   "award-winning actress｜获奖女演员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "actor (n.)",
   "acting (n.)",
   "act (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "actor也可指女性；actress明确指女演员。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "actress"
 },
 {
  "w": "arrange",
  "uk": "/əˈreɪndʒ/",
  "us": "/əˈreɪndʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "安排；筹备",
    "en": "Make plans or preparations for something to happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "排列；整理",
    "en": "Put things in a particular order or position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I arranged to meet my cousin outside the cinema.",
    "zh": "我约好和表亲在电影院外见面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can arrange visits to local businesses to help students understand the practical demands of different careers.",
    "zh": "学校可以安排学生参观当地企业，帮助他们了解不同职业的实际要求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "arrange a meeting｜安排会议",
   "arrange to meet｜约好见面",
   "arrange for someone to do something｜安排某人做某事",
   "arrange flowers｜插花"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "arrangement (n.)",
   "rearrange (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "organise",
   "plan"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "安排某人做某事用arrange for sb to do。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arrange"
 },
 {
  "w": "popular",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒpjələ/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːpjələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "受欢迎的；流行的",
    "en": "Liked or enjoyed by many people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大众的；通俗的",
    "en": "Intended for ordinary people rather than specialists."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small café is popular with local students.",
    "zh": "这家小咖啡馆很受当地学生欢迎。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Popular science books can encourage public interest in research by explaining discoveries in accessible language.",
    "zh": "通俗科普书籍通过用易懂的语言解释科学发现，可以激发公众对研究的兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "popular with students｜受学生欢迎",
   "increasingly popular｜越来越受欢迎",
   "popular culture｜大众文化",
   "popular science｜通俗科学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "popularity (n.)",
   "popularise (v.)",
   "unpopular (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "well-liked"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unpopular"
  ],
  "tip": "表示受某群体欢迎，常用popular with或among。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "popular"
 },
 {
  "w": "fix",
  "uk": "/fɪks/",
  "us": "/fɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "修理；解决",
    "en": "Make something work properly or solve a problem."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "固定；安装",
    "en": "Attach something firmly in a particular place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "确定；安排",
    "en": "Decide an exact time, price, or arrangement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My neighbour helped me fix the broken kitchen tap.",
    "zh": "邻居帮我修好了厨房里坏掉的水龙头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should fix weaknesses in existing transport networks before investing in expensive new infrastructure.",
    "zh": "政府应先解决现有交通网络的薄弱环节，再投资昂贵的新基础设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fix a problem｜解决问题",
   "fix a date｜确定日期",
   "fix something to a wall｜把某物固定在墙上",
   "fix a leak｜修补漏处"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fixed (adj.)",
   "fixing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fix既可修理物品，也可解决问题或确定日期。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fix"
 },
 {
  "w": "bin",
  "uk": "/bɪn/",
  "us": "/bɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "垃圾桶；储物箱",
    "en": "A container used for rubbish or for storing things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "扔掉；丢弃",
    "en": "To throw something away, especially into a rubbish container."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please put the banana skin in the kitchen bin.",
    "zh": "请把香蕉皮放进厨房的垃圾桶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing a separate bin for food waste can help households recycle more effectively and reduce landfill use.",
    "zh": "提供单独的厨余垃圾桶有助于家庭更有效地回收废物，并减少垃圾填埋量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rubbish bin｜垃圾桶",
   "recycling bin｜回收桶",
   "storage bin｜储物箱",
   "empty the bin｜清空垃圾桶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“垃圾桶”英式常说bin，美式常说trash can。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bin"
 },
 {
  "w": "grilled",
  "uk": "/ɡrɪld/",
  "us": "/ɡrɪld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "烤制的；炙烤的",
    "en": "Cooked using strong direct heat, often on a metal rack."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared grilled vegetables and warm bread for lunch.",
    "zh": "午餐我们一起吃了烤蔬菜和热面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Offering grilled fish alongside plant-based dishes can help school cafeterias provide a wider range of nutritious meals.",
    "zh": "学校食堂同时供应烤鱼和植物性菜肴，有助于提供更多种类的营养餐。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grilled chicken｜烤鸡肉",
   "grilled fish｜烤鱼",
   "grilled vegetables｜烤蔬菜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grill (v.)",
   "grilling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "grilled强调直接高温烤制；不表示“有格子的”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grilled"
 },
 {
  "w": "across",
  "uk": "/əˈkrɒs/",
  "us": "/əˈkrɔːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "穿过；横过",
    "en": "From one side of something to the other."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……对面；遍及",
    "en": "On the opposite side of, or throughout, an area."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "从一边到另一边；在对面",
    "en": "From one side to another, or on the opposite side."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked across the bridge before the rain started.",
    "zh": "下雨前，我们走过了那座桥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved internet access allows students across rural regions to benefit from a wider range of educational resources.",
    "zh": "互联网接入条件的改善，让广大农村地区的学生能够利用更丰富的教育资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "across the road｜在马路对面",
   "across the country｜遍及全国",
   "walk across a bridge｜走过桥"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "across强调横跨表面；through强调从内部穿过。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "across"
 },
 {
  "w": "behave",
  "uk": "/bɪˈheɪv/",
  "us": "/bɪˈheɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表现；举止",
    "en": "to act in a particular way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "守规矩",
    "en": "to act politely and do what is expected"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "运转；作出特定反应",
    "en": "to work or react in a particular way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our dog behaves calmly when visitors come to the house.",
    "zh": "有客人来家里时，我们的狗表现得很平静。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children often learn how to behave in social situations by observing the adults around them.",
    "zh": "孩子往往通过观察身边的成年人，学习在社交场合如何举止得当。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "behave responsibly｜负责任地行事",
   "behave well｜表现良好",
   "behave yourself｜规矩一点",
   "behave like｜表现得像"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "behaviour (n.)",
   "behavioural (adj.)",
   "misbehave (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "act"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "misbehave"
  ],
  "tip": "behave yourself意为守规矩，不是“表现自己”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "behave"
 },
 {
  "w": "Malaysia",
  "uk": "/məˈleɪziə/",
  "us": "/məˈleɪʒə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "马来西亚",
    "en": "a Southeast Asian country occupying parts of a peninsula and Borneo"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We explored a rainforest during our holiday in Malaysia.",
    "zh": "我们在马来西亚度假期间探索了一片热带雨林。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourism in Malaysia creates employment opportunities, but protecting fragile coastal ecosystems remains an important priority.",
    "zh": "马来西亚的旅游业创造了就业机会，但保护脆弱的沿海生态系统仍是一项重要任务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "visit Malaysia｜访问马来西亚",
   "travel to Malaysia｜前往马来西亚旅行",
   "Peninsular Malaysia｜马来西亚半岛地区"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Malaysian (adj.)",
   "Malaysian (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "国名首字母大写，通常不加冠词the。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "malaysia"
 },
 {
  "w": "parking lot",
  "uk": "/ˈpɑːkɪŋ lɒt/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːrkɪŋ lɑːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "露天停车场",
    "en": "An outdoor area where cars can be parked."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our car is near the parking lot entrance.",
    "zh": "我们的车就在停车场入口附近。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting trees around a parking lot can provide shade and reduce surface temperatures during hot weather.",
    "zh": "在停车场周围种树可以提供遮阴，并降低炎热天气下的地表温度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "empty parking lot｜空停车场",
   "crowded parking lot｜拥挤的停车场",
   "parking lot entrance｜停车场入口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "park (v.)",
   "parking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "car park"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常用；立体停车楼通常叫parking garage。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "parking-lot"
 },
 {
  "w": "post",
  "uk": "/pəʊst/",
  "us": "/poʊst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "邮件；邮政",
    "en": "Letters and parcels, or the system used to deliver them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "邮寄；发布",
    "en": "To send something by mail or share it publicly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "职位；岗位",
    "en": "A job or position in an organisation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A parcel arrived in the post this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上寄来了一个包裹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should post regular updates online to keep residents informed about changes to public services.",
    "zh": "地方政府应定期在网上发布最新消息，让居民了解公共服务的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "by post｜通过邮寄",
   "post a letter｜寄信",
   "post online｜在网上发布",
   "apply for a post｜申请职位"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "postal (adj.)",
   "postage (n.)",
   "posting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mail"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "邮寄义中，英式常用post，美式常用mail。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "post"
 },
 {
  "w": "create",
  "uk": "/kriˈeɪt/",
  "us": "/kriˈeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "创造；创作",
    "en": "to make something new or bring something into existence"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "造成；引起",
    "en": "to cause a situation, feeling, or problem to develop"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We created a colourful bird from folded paper.",
    "zh": "我们用折纸做出了一只色彩鲜艳的小鸟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in renewable energy can create jobs while reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "投资可再生能源能创造就业机会，同时减少对进口化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "create opportunities｜创造机会",
   "create jobs｜创造就业机会",
   "create a problem｜造成问题",
   "create a work of art｜创作艺术作品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "creation (n.)",
   "creative (adj.)",
   "creativity (n.)",
   "creator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "make",
   "produce",
   "generate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "destroy"
  ],
  "tip": "create强调创造新事物，也可接problem表示造成问题。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "create"
 },
 {
  "w": "organisation",
  "uk": "/ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组织；机构；团体",
    "en": "A group of people working together for a particular purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组织安排；条理",
    "en": "The planning and arrangement of activities, people, or things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He joined a local organisation that rescues injured birds.",
    "zh": "他加入了一个救助受伤鸟类的当地组织。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective organisation of healthcare services can shorten waiting times and improve access for rural communities.",
    "zh": "有效组织医疗服务能够缩短等候时间，并改善农村社区获得医疗服务的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "charitable organisation｜慈善组织",
   "international organisation｜国际组织",
   "non-governmental organisation｜非政府组织",
   "require careful organisation｜需要周密安排"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "organise (v.)",
   "organiser (n.)",
   "organisational (adj.)",
   "organised (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常写organisation，美式通常写organization。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "organisation"
 },
 {
  "w": "fit",
  "uk": "/fɪt/",
  "us": "/fɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "合身；装得下；适合",
    "en": "To be the right size, shape, or type for something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "健康强健的",
    "en": "Physically healthy and strong, especially through exercise."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "适合的；合格的",
    "en": "Suitable or good enough for a particular purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These boots fit perfectly, even with my thick socks.",
    "zh": "即使穿着厚袜子，这双靴子也非常合脚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public exercise facilities can help older adults stay fit while strengthening social connections within their communities.",
    "zh": "公共健身设施可以帮助老年人保持健康，同时加强他们与社区内其他人的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep fit｜保持健康",
   "fit perfectly｜完全合身",
   "fit for purpose｜符合用途",
   "fit in with｜适应；与……协调"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fitness (n.)",
   "fitted (adj.)",
   "fitting (n.)",
   "unfit (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "suit",
   "healthy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfit"
  ],
  "tip": "衣物fit指尺寸合适；suit多指款式或颜色适合。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fit"
 },
 {
  "w": "normal",
  "uk": "/ˈnɔːməl/",
  "us": "/ˈnɔːrməl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "正常的；通常的",
    "en": "usual, expected, or typical in a particular situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "常态；正常水平",
    "en": "the usual state or level of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It is normal to feel nervous before an interview.",
    "zh": "面试前感到紧张是正常的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working hours are becoming a normal feature of employment in many sectors of the economy.",
    "zh": "弹性工作时间正成为许多经济领域中常见的用工安排。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "normal life｜正常生活",
   "return to normal｜恢复正常",
   "perfectly normal｜完全正常",
   "normal working hours｜正常工作时间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "normally (adv.)",
   "normality (n.)",
   "abnormal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "usual",
   "typical"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "abnormal",
   "unusual"
  ],
  "tip": "normal强调符合常态；ordinary强调普通、不特别。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "normal"
 },
 {
  "w": "volleyball",
  "uk": "/ˈvɒlibɔːl/",
  "us": "/ˈvɑːlibɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "排球运动；排球",
    "en": "A game of hitting a ball over a high net."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We played volleyball on the beach until the sun set.",
    "zh": "我们在沙滩上打排球，一直打到日落。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Team sports such as volleyball can help students develop communication skills while encouraging regular physical activity.",
    "zh": "排球等团队运动既能帮助学生培养沟通能力，也能鼓励他们定期锻炼。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play volleyball｜打排球",
   "beach volleyball｜沙滩排球",
   "volleyball court｜排球场",
   "volleyball team｜排球队"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指运动时不可数，play volleyball中不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "volleyball"
 },
 {
  "w": "ancient",
  "uk": "/ˈeɪnʃənt/",
  "us": "/ˈeɪnʃənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "古代的",
    "en": "belonging to a period thousands of years in the past"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "非常古老的",
    "en": "having existed for a very long time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We explored an ancient temple during our holiday.",
    "zh": "我们度假时游览了一座古代寺庙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying ancient civilisations helps researchers understand how early societies managed water, trade, and public health.",
    "zh": "研究古代文明有助于研究人员了解早期社会如何管理用水、贸易和公共卫生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ancient history｜古代史",
   "ancient civilisation｜古代文明",
   "ancient ruins｜古代遗址",
   "ancient monument｜古代历史遗迹"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "age-old"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "modern"
  ],
  "tip": "ancient强调年代久远，不宜代替一般的old。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ancient"
 },
 {
  "w": "amount",
  "uk": "/əˈmaʊnt/",
  "us": "/əˈmaʊnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "数量；数额",
    "en": "How much of something there is."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "总计；相当于",
    "en": "To total something or be equivalent to it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Add a small amount of milk to the bowl.",
    "zh": "往碗里加少量牛奶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing the amount of food wasted by households could significantly lower the environmental impact of food production.",
    "zh": "减少家庭食物浪费量可以显著降低食品生产对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a large amount of｜大量的",
   "total amount｜总量；总额",
   "amount to｜总计；相当于"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "quantity"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "amount of接不可数名词；动词常用amount to。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amount"
 },
 {
  "w": "selfie",
  "uk": "/ˈselfi/",
  "us": "/ˈselfi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自拍照",
    "en": "A photograph you take of yourself, usually with a phone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took a selfie beside the lake after our walk.",
    "zh": "散步后，我们在湖边拍了一张自拍照。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sharing a selfie online can express personal identity, but users should consider their privacy settings first.",
    "zh": "在网上分享自拍照可以展现个人身份，但用户应先考虑隐私设置。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a selfie｜拍自拍照",
   "post a selfie｜发布自拍照",
   "selfie stick｜自拍杆"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "拍自拍照用take a selfie，不用make a selfie。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "selfie"
 },
 {
  "w": "pass",
  "uk": "/pɑːs/",
  "us": "/pæs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "经过；通过",
    "en": "To move past something or through a place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "传递；递给",
    "en": "To give something to another person."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "通过考试；及格",
    "en": "To achieve the required standard in an examination or test."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We pass a small bakery on our way home.",
    "zh": "我们回家的路上会经过一家小面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students must pass a practical assessment before they can begin working independently in the laboratory.",
    "zh": "学生必须通过实践考核，才能开始在实验室独立工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pass an exam｜通过考试",
   "pass the ball｜传球",
   "pass through｜穿过"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "passing (adj.)",
   "passer-by (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pass是动词；past可作介词：walk past。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pass"
 },
 {
  "w": "honey",
  "uk": "/ˈhʌn.i/",
  "us": "/ˈhʌn.i/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蜂蜜",
    "en": "a sweet, sticky food made by bees"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She stirred a spoonful of honey into her tea.",
    "zh": "她往茶里加了一勺蜂蜜，搅拌均匀。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local honey production can provide rural income while encouraging farmers to protect habitats for bees.",
    "zh": "本地蜂蜜生产能为农村带来收入，同时鼓励农民保护蜜蜂的栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a spoonful of honey｜一勺蜂蜜",
   "a jar of honey｜一罐蜂蜜",
   "honey production｜蜂蜜生产"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示蜂蜜时不可数；一罐蜂蜜说a jar of honey。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "honey"
 },
 {
  "w": "southeast",
  "uk": "/ˌsaʊθˈiːst/",
  "us": "/ˌsaʊθˈiːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "东南；东南部",
    "en": "The direction between south and east, or an area's southeastern part."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "东南的；来自东南的",
    "en": "Located in the southeast, or coming from that direction."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向东南；在东南",
    "en": "Towards or in the southeast."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our kitchen window faces southeast and catches the morning sun.",
    "zh": "我们厨房的窗户朝东南，早晨能照到阳光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Population growth in the southeast has increased demand for affordable housing and reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "东南部的人口增长增加了对可负担住房和可靠公共交通的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the southeast｜在东南部",
   "southeast of｜在……的东南方",
   "head southeast｜向东南行进",
   "the southeast coast｜东南海岸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "southeastern (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "northwest"
  ],
  "tip": "名词前常用the；副词不用：head southeast。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "southeast"
 },
 {
  "w": "programme",
  "uk": "/ˈprəʊɡræm/",
  "us": "/ˈproʊɡræm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计划；方案；课程",
    "en": "an organised set of activities with a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电视或广播节目",
    "en": "a show broadcast on television or radio"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "安排；设定运行方式",
    "en": "to arrange activities or set a machine to operate automatically"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I joined a fitness programme at the local gym.",
    "zh": "我参加了当地健身房的一项健身计划。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-designed training programme can help unemployed adults gain the skills needed for new careers.",
    "zh": "设计合理的培训项目能帮助失业成年人掌握新职业所需的技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "training programme｜培训项目",
   "television programme｜电视节目",
   "degree programme｜学位课程",
   "launch a programme｜启动一项计划"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "programming (n.)",
   "programmer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式通常用programme，计算机程序用program；美式均用program。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "programme"
 },
 {
  "w": "shorts",
  "uk": "/ʃɔːts/",
  "us": "/ʃɔːrts/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "短裤",
    "en": "trousers with legs ending above or near the knees"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I packed shorts and sandals for our beach holiday.",
    "zh": "我为这次海滨度假打包了短裤和凉鞋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In hot weather, lightweight shorts can help people stay comfortable while taking part in outdoor exercise.",
    "zh": "天气炎热时，轻薄的短裤能帮助人们在户外锻炼时保持舒适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of shorts｜一条短裤",
   "wear shorts｜穿短裤",
   "denim shorts｜牛仔短裤",
   "running shorts｜跑步短裤"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "short (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "shorts用复数；一条短裤说a pair of shorts。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shorts"
 },
 {
  "w": "bracelet",
  "uk": "/ˈbreɪslət/",
  "us": "/ˈbreɪslət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手镯；手链",
    "en": "A piece of jewellery worn around the wrist."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wears a silver bracelet that her grandmother gave her.",
    "zh": "她戴着祖母送给她的一条银手链。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A handmade bracelet can reflect local artistic traditions while providing income for craftspeople in rural communities.",
    "zh": "手工手链既能体现当地艺术传统，又能为农村社区的手艺人带来收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "silver bracelet｜银手镯；银手链",
   "charm bracelet｜吊饰手链",
   "wear a bracelet｜戴手镯"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bracelet戴在手腕；anklet戴在脚踝。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bracelet"
 },
 {
  "w": "board",
  "uk": "/bɔːd/",
  "us": "/bɔːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "木板；板",
    "en": "A flat piece of wood or other firm material."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "董事会；委员会",
    "en": "A group responsible for managing an organisation or making decisions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "登上交通工具",
    "en": "Get onto a ship, aircraft, train, or bus."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She placed a wooden board across the muddy path.",
    "zh": "她在泥泞的小路上横放了一块木板。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The board approved a plan to reduce factory emissions without cutting jobs or lowering wages.",
    "zh": "董事会批准了一项在不裁员、不降薪的前提下减少工厂排放的计划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wooden board｜一块木板",
   "board of directors｜董事会",
   "board a plane｜登机",
   "on board｜在船、飞机等上"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "boarding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "board作动词可直接接交通工具：board a train。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "board"
 },
 {
  "w": "speaker",
  "uk": "/ˈspiːkə/",
  "us": "/ˈspiːkər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "演讲者；发言者",
    "en": "a person who gives a talk or addresses others"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "说某种语言的人",
    "en": "a person who speaks a particular language"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "扬声器；音箱",
    "en": "a device that produces sound from electrical signals"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The speaker made everyone laugh with her opening story.",
    "zh": "演讲者开场讲的故事把大家都逗笑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Inviting a guest speaker from the scientific community can help students understand how classroom knowledge applies to real problems.",
    "zh": "邀请科学界的嘉宾来演讲，可以帮助学生理解课堂知识如何应用于实际问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "guest speaker｜特邀演讲者",
   "native speaker｜母语使用者",
   "fluent speaker｜说话流利的人",
   "wireless speaker｜无线音箱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "speak (v.)",
   "speech (n.)",
   "spoken (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a native speaker of English指英语母语者。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "speaker"
 },
 {
  "w": "sunglasses",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌnɡlɑːsɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌnɡlæsɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "太阳镜；墨镜",
    "en": "glasses with dark lenses that protect eyes from bright sunlight"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I put on my sunglasses before leaving the house.",
    "zh": "出门前，我戴上了太阳镜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wearing sunglasses with adequate ultraviolet protection can reduce the risk of eye damage during outdoor activities.",
    "zh": "在户外活动时，佩戴具有充分紫外线防护功能的太阳镜可以降低眼睛受损的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of sunglasses｜一副太阳镜",
   "wear sunglasses｜戴太阳镜",
   "put on sunglasses｜戴上太阳镜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sunglass (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shades"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常用复数；一副说a pair of sunglasses。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sunglasses"
 },
 {
  "w": "niece",
  "uk": "/niːs/",
  "us": "/niːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "侄女；外甥女",
    "en": "A daughter of your sibling or your spouse's sibling."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My niece brought her new puppy to our picnic.",
    "zh": "我的侄女带着她新养的小狗来参加我们的野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working hours can help adults care for relatives, including a young niece or nephew.",
    "zh": "弹性工作时间可以帮助成年人照顾亲属，包括年幼的侄女或侄子。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "young niece｜年幼的侄女或外甥女",
   "nieces and nephews｜侄子侄女及外甥外甥女"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "niece指女性晚辈，nephew指男性晚辈。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "niece"
 },
 {
  "w": "make-up",
  "uk": "/ˈmeɪk ʌp/",
  "us": "/ˈmeɪk ʌp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "化妆品",
    "en": "Products applied to the face to change or enhance appearance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组成；构成",
    "en": "The parts or qualities that together form something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She keeps her make-up in a small blue bag.",
    "zh": "她把化妆品放在一个蓝色小包里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The social make-up of a neighbourhood can change significantly as new housing attracts different residents.",
    "zh": "随着新建住房吸引不同的居民，一个社区的社会构成可能显著改变。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wear make-up｜化着妆",
   "apply make-up｜化妆",
   "remove make-up｜卸妆",
   "genetic make-up｜基因构成"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cosmetics",
   "composition"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词也写作makeup；动词短语make up不加连字符。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "make-up"
 },
 {
  "w": "concert",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnsət/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnsərt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "音乐会；演唱会",
    "en": "a live musical performance given before an audience"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We enjoyed an outdoor concert in the park yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们在公园欣赏了一场露天音乐会。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Free public concerts can make cultural activities more accessible and encourage residents to use shared urban spaces.",
    "zh": "免费公共音乐会能让更多人参与文化活动，并鼓励居民使用城市公共空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attend a concert｜出席音乐会",
   "give a concert｜举办音乐会",
   "concert hall｜音乐厅",
   "live concert｜现场音乐会"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "去听音乐会用 go to a concert。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "concert"
 },
 {
  "w": "joining",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒɔɪnɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒɔɪnɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "加入；参加",
    "en": "Becoming a member of a group or taking part."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "连接；接合",
    "en": "Connecting two or more things together."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'm joining a swimming club near my house.",
    "zh": "我正准备加入家附近的一家游泳俱乐部。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Joining local volunteer groups allows young people to gain practical experience while contributing to their communities.",
    "zh": "加入当地志愿者团体能让年轻人在服务社区的同时积累实践经验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "joining a club｜加入俱乐部",
   "joining forces｜联手合作",
   "joining two pieces together｜把两块连接起来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "join (v.)",
   "joint (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是join的-ing形式；加入组织直接接宾语，不加in。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "joining"
 },
 {
  "w": "greeting",
  "uk": "/ˈɡriːtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈɡriːtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "问候；招呼",
    "en": "Words or actions used when meeting or welcoming someone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "祝愿；祝福",
    "en": "Friendly wishes expressed on a special occasion."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She gave us a cheerful greeting at the door.",
    "zh": "她在门口愉快地向我们打招呼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning local greeting customs can help international students build relationships and avoid misunderstandings in their new environment.",
    "zh": "了解当地的问候习俗可以帮助国际学生建立人际关系，避免在新环境中产生误解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a warm greeting｜热情的问候",
   "exchange greetings｜互致问候",
   "a greeting card｜贺卡",
   "birthday greetings｜生日祝福"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "greet (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "salutation"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "farewell"
  ],
  "tip": "表示节日祝福常用复数greetings，如birthday greetings。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "greeting"
 },
 {
  "w": "half-price",
  "uk": "/ˌhɑːf ˈpraɪs/",
  "us": "/ˌhæf ˈpraɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "半价的",
    "en": "costing half the usual price"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "以半价",
    "en": "at half the usual price"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought half-price tickets for the afternoon boat trip.",
    "zh": "我们买了下午游船的半价票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Offering half-price public transport to students could improve access to education and reduce car use.",
    "zh": "向学生提供半价公共交通服务可以改善受教育机会，并减少汽车使用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "half-price tickets｜半价票",
   "half-price sale｜半价促销",
   "buy something half-price｜以半价购买某物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "price (n.)",
   "priced (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "full-price"
  ],
  "tip": "名词前常写half-price；at half price不加连字符。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "half-price"
 },
 {
  "w": "sadly",
  "uk": "/ˈsædli/",
  "us": "/ˈsædli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "悲伤地；难过地",
    "en": "in a way that expresses unhappiness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "遗憾的是；不幸地",
    "en": "used to express regret about an unfortunate situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He waved sadly as his best friend's train departed.",
    "zh": "最好的朋友乘坐的火车离站时，他难过地挥手告别。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sadly, many historic buildings have been demolished to make room for roads and commercial developments.",
    "zh": "遗憾的是，许多历史建筑已被拆除，为道路和商业开发腾出空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "smile sadly｜伤感地微笑",
   "sadly lacking｜严重不足",
   "sadly missed｜深受怀念的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sad (adj.)",
   "sadness (n.)",
   "sadden (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sorrowfully",
   "unfortunately"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "happily"
  ],
  "tip": "句首Sadly常表示“遗憾的是”，修饰整句话。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sadly"
 },
 {
  "w": "report",
  "uk": "/rɪˈpɔːt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈpɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "报告；报道",
    "en": "A spoken or written account giving information about something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "报告；报道",
    "en": "To give information about an event or situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "报到",
    "en": "To arrive somewhere and tell the person in charge"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I finished my report before lunch and emailed it.",
    "zh": "我午饭前写完了报告，并通过电子邮件发了出去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The report suggests that improved access to green spaces can benefit residents' physical and mental health.",
    "zh": "这份报告指出，让居民更方便地使用绿地有益于他们的身心健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write a report｜撰写报告",
   "a news report｜新闻报道",
   "report a problem｜报告问题",
   "report for duty｜报到上班"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reporter (n.)",
   "reporting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "account"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "report on后接报道主题；report for duty指报到上班。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "report"
 },
 {
  "w": "crossing",
  "uk": "/ˈkrɒsɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈkrɔːsɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人行横道；穿越处",
    "en": "A designated place where people or vehicles cross."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "横渡；渡程",
    "en": "A journey across water or another geographical barrier."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We waited at the crossing until the cars stopped.",
    "zh": "我们在人行横道前等到车辆停下才过马路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing a pedestrian crossing near every school can help protect children and encourage more families to walk.",
    "zh": "在每所学校附近设置人行横道，有助于保护儿童并鼓励更多家庭步行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pedestrian crossing｜人行横道",
   "level crossing｜铁路平交道口",
   "border crossing｜边境口岸",
   "ferry crossing｜渡轮航程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cross (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词可指过街地点，也可指乘船横渡的行程。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crossing"
 },
 {
  "w": "cover",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌvə/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "覆盖；遮盖",
    "en": "To put something over a surface or object."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "包括；涉及；足以支付",
    "en": "To include something, deal with it, or pay its cost."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盖子；封面；保护套",
    "en": "An outer layer that protects or encloses something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cover the bread with a cloth while it cools.",
    "zh": "面包冷却时，用一块布盖住它。"
   },
   {
    "en": "University scholarships should cover living expenses as well as tuition fees for students from low-income families.",
    "zh": "大学奖学金应为低收入家庭的学生支付生活费和学费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cover something with｜用……盖住某物",
   "cover the cost｜支付费用",
   "cover a topic｜涉及某个话题",
   "a book cover｜书籍封面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coverage (n.)",
   "covering (n.)",
   "uncover (v.)",
   "uncovered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cover A with B表示用B盖住A；cover费用指足以支付。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cover"
 },
 {
  "w": "baseball",
  "uk": "/ˈbeɪsbɔːl/",
  "us": "/ˈbeɪsbɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "棒球运动",
    "en": "A team sport involving hitting a ball and running between bases"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "棒球",
    "en": "The small, hard ball used in this sport"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We played baseball in the park after lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭后，我们在公园打棒球。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Team sports such as baseball can help young people develop cooperation skills and maintain physical fitness.",
    "zh": "棒球等团队运动能帮助年轻人培养合作能力并保持身体健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play baseball｜打棒球",
   "baseball bat｜棒球棒",
   "baseball glove｜棒球手套",
   "baseball field｜棒球场"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "运动名称不可数；表示一个棒球时用a baseball。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "baseball"
 },
 {
  "w": "clever",
  "uk": "/ˈklevə/",
  "us": "/ˈklevər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "聪明的；机灵的",
    "en": "Quick to learn, understand, or find solutions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巧妙的",
    "en": "Showing skill or an original way of solving a problem."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That clever child fixed the puzzle before lunch.",
    "zh": "那个聪明的孩子午饭前就解开了这道谜题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clever design can make small urban apartments feel spacious without increasing their environmental impact.",
    "zh": "巧妙的设计可以让城市小公寓显得宽敞，同时不增加其环境影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clever idea｜巧妙的主意",
   "clever at｜擅长",
   "clever solution｜巧妙的解决办法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cleverly (adv.)",
   "cleverness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "smart",
   "intelligent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "stupid"
  ],
  "tip": "比较级cleverer，最高级cleverest。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clever"
 },
 {
  "w": "everywhere",
  "uk": "/ˈevriweə/",
  "us": "/ˈevriwer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "到处；处处",
    "en": "in, at, or to all places"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We looked everywhere, but the kitten was under the sofa.",
    "zh": "我们到处找，结果小猫就在沙发底下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although digital services are expanding rapidly, reliable internet access is not yet available everywhere.",
    "zh": "尽管数字服务正在迅速扩展，可靠的互联网接入仍未覆盖所有地方。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "look everywhere｜到处找",
   "almost everywhere｜几乎到处",
   "everywhere else｜其他所有地方"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "nowhere"
  ],
  "tip": "everywhere是副词，前面通常不加in或at。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "everywhere"
 },
 {
  "w": "passport",
  "uk": "/ˈpɑːspɔːt/",
  "us": "/ˈpæspɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "护照",
    "en": "an official document identifying you when travelling between countries"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "通往成功等的途径",
    "en": "something that makes success or an opportunity possible"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I checked my bag twice to find my passport.",
    "zh": "我翻了两遍包才找到护照。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A university degree is often viewed as a passport to better employment, although practical experience also matters.",
    "zh": "大学学位常被视为获得更好工作的通行证，不过实践经验也很重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "valid passport｜有效护照",
   "renew a passport｜换发护照",
   "passport control｜护照查验处",
   "a passport to success｜成功的通行证"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比喻用法a passport to中，to后接名词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "passport"
 },
 {
  "w": "cash",
  "uk": "/kæʃ/",
  "us": "/kæʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "现金；现款",
    "en": "Money in the form of coins and banknotes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "将支票兑现",
    "en": "Exchange a cheque for money"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I keep some cash in my wallet for emergencies.",
    "zh": "我在钱包里放了一些现金，以备急用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although digital payments are increasingly common, many small businesses still prefer customers to pay in cash.",
    "zh": "尽管电子支付日益普及，许多小商家仍然更希望顾客用现金付款。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pay in cash｜用现金付款",
   "withdraw cash｜提取现金",
   "cash a cheque｜兑现支票",
   "cash flow｜现金流"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cashless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cash作现金讲不可数；用现金付款是pay in cash。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cash"
 },
 {
  "w": "scarf",
  "uk": "/skɑːf/",
  "us": "/skɑːrf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "围巾；头巾",
    "en": "Cloth worn around the neck or head."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wrapped a wool scarf around her neck.",
    "zh": "她在脖子上围了一条羊毛围巾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In colder regions, a locally woven scarf can reflect traditional craftsmanship while providing essential warmth.",
    "zh": "在较寒冷的地区，当地织造的围巾既能体现传统手艺，又能提供必要的保暖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wear a scarf｜戴围巾",
   "a wool scarf｜羊毛围巾",
   "wrap a scarf around your neck｜在脖子上围围巾"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数可用scarves或scarfs，前者更常见。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scarf"
 },
 {
  "w": "shoulder",
  "uk": "/ˈʃəʊldə/",
  "us": "/ˈʃoʊldər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肩；肩膀",
    "en": "the body part where an arm joins the upper body"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "承担；肩负",
    "en": "to accept responsibility for something difficult"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She rested her head on her father's shoulder.",
    "zh": "她把头靠在父亲的肩膀上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments and businesses must shoulder greater responsibility for reducing the environmental impact of industrial production.",
    "zh": "政府和企业必须承担更大的责任，减少工业生产对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shoulder responsibility｜承担责任",
   "shoulder the burden｜承担重担",
   "shoulder to shoulder｜肩并肩",
   "look over your shoulder｜回头看"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词常接responsibility或burden，表示承担。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shoulder"
 },
 {
  "w": "refrigerator",
  "uk": "/rɪˈfrɪdʒəreɪtə/",
  "us": "/rɪˈfrɪdʒəreɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冰箱；冷藏柜",
    "en": "an appliance that keeps food and drinks cold"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Put the milk in the refrigerator before it spoils.",
    "zh": "把牛奶放进冰箱，免得变质。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing an old refrigerator with an efficient model can reduce household electricity consumption significantly.",
    "zh": "用节能型号替换旧冰箱，可以显著减少家庭用电量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "open the refrigerator｜打开冰箱",
   "store food in the refrigerator｜把食物存放在冰箱里",
   "refrigerator door｜冰箱门"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "refrigerate (v.)",
   "refrigeration (n.)",
   "refrigerated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fridge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "日常口语常用fridge；freezer专指冷冻柜或冷冻室。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "refrigerator"
 },
 {
  "w": "prince",
  "uk": "/prɪns/",
  "us": "/prɪns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "王子；亲王",
    "en": "A male royal family member, often a monarch's son."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公国君主",
    "en": "A male ruler of a small independent state."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The prince waved to visitors from the palace balcony.",
    "zh": "王子在宫殿阳台上向来访者挥手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In some constitutional monarchies, a prince may support charitable organisations without holding any direct political power.",
    "zh": "在一些君主立宪制国家，王子可能支持慈善组织，但不掌握任何直接的政治权力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "crown prince｜王储",
   "young prince｜年轻的王子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "princess (n.)",
   "princely (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "prince不一定是王子，也可指亲王或公国君主。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prince"
 },
 {
  "w": "sailing",
  "uk": "/ˈseɪlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈseɪlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "帆船运动；帆船航行",
    "en": "The activity of travelling in a boat powered by wind."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "船舶航班",
    "en": "A scheduled journey or departure by a ship or ferry."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We went sailing on the lake last weekend.",
    "zh": "上周末我们去湖上玩帆船了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sailing clubs can encourage outdoor exercise while teaching young people teamwork and respect for marine environments.",
    "zh": "帆船俱乐部能鼓励户外锻炼，同时培养年轻人的团队合作精神和对海洋环境的尊重。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go sailing｜去玩帆船",
   "a sailing club｜帆船俱乐部",
   "a sailing boat｜帆船",
   "regular sailings｜定期船舶航班"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sail (v.)",
   "sail (n.)",
   "sailor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "运动义不可数；航班义可数，如daily sailings。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sailing"
 },
 {
  "w": "ninth",
  "uk": "/naɪnθ/",
  "us": "/naɪnθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "第九",
    "en": "Coming after the eighth and before the tenth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "九分之一",
    "en": "One of nine equal parts of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our new apartment is on the ninth floor.",
    "zh": "我们的新公寓在九楼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "By the ninth year of the conservation programme, several endangered species had begun to recover.",
    "zh": "到保护项目实施的第九年，几种濒危物种的数量已开始回升。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the ninth floor｜九楼",
   "the ninth century｜九世纪",
   "in ninth place｜排在第九位",
   "one ninth of｜……的九分之一"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nine (num.)",
   "nineteen (num.)",
   "ninety (num.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nine变ninth时去掉e；序数词前通常用the。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ninth"
 },
 {
  "w": "nature",
  "uk": "/ˈneɪtʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈneɪtʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大自然；自然界",
    "en": "The physical world, including plants, animals, and landscapes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "性质；本质",
    "en": "The basic qualities that make something what it is."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天性；性格",
    "en": "The qualities that shape how a person usually behaves."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Camping helps us enjoy nature away from busy streets.",
    "zh": "露营让我们远离繁忙的街道，享受大自然。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Understanding the nature of urban poverty is essential for developing policies that address its underlying causes.",
    "zh": "了解城市贫困的本质，对制定解决其根本原因的政策至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "protect nature｜保护自然",
   "the nature of｜……的本质",
   "human nature｜人性",
   "by nature｜天生地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "natural (adj.)",
   "naturally (adv.)",
   "naturalist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指大自然时通常不加the；某事的性质用the nature of。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nature"
 },
 {
  "w": "reply",
  "uk": "/rɪˈplaɪ/",
  "us": "/rɪˈplaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "回答；答复",
    "en": "to answer someone or respond to a message"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "回答；答复",
    "en": "an answer given in speech or writing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please reply before Friday so I can book dinner.",
    "zh": "请在周五之前回复，好让我预订晚餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local officials should reply promptly to residents who raise concerns about public transport services.",
    "zh": "地方官员应及时答复对公共交通服务提出担忧的居民。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reply to a message｜回复消息",
   "a prompt reply｜及时的答复",
   "in reply to｜作为对……的答复"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "answer",
   "respond"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "reply to后接人或消息，不直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reply"
 },
 {
  "w": "oil",
  "uk": "/ɔɪl/",
  "us": "/ɔɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "石油；原油",
    "en": "A thick underground liquid used to produce fuel and chemicals."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "油；食用油；润滑油",
    "en": "A slippery liquid used for cooking, lubrication or other purposes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给…加润滑油",
    "en": "To apply oil so that something moves smoothly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The truck carried oil from the well to the refinery.",
    "zh": "卡车把原油从油井运往炼油厂。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing dependence on oil requires sustained investment in renewable energy and more efficient public transport.",
    "zh": "减少对石油的依赖，需要持续投资于可再生能源和更高效的公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "crude oil｜原油",
   "oil prices｜石油价格",
   "cooking oil｜食用油",
   "oil a hinge｜给铰链加润滑油"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "oily (adj.)",
   "oiliness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；表示不同种类的油时可用oils。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oil"
 },
 {
  "w": "bean",
  "uk": "/biːn/",
  "us": "/biːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "豆；豆类植物",
    "en": "An edible seed, or the plant that produces it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I added some beans to the vegetable soup.",
    "zh": "我在蔬菜汤里加了些豆子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Beans provide an affordable source of protein and can support a balanced plant-based diet.",
    "zh": "豆类是价格实惠的蛋白质来源，有助于形成均衡的植物性饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "green beans｜四季豆",
   "kidney beans｜芸豆",
   "coffee beans｜咖啡豆",
   "baked beans｜茄汁焗豆"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；泛指食用豆类时通常用beans。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bean"
 },
 {
  "w": "fail",
  "uk": "/feɪl/",
  "us": "/feɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "失败；未能做到",
    "en": "to be unsuccessful or not do something required"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "不及格；使不及格",
    "en": "to not pass a test, or give an unsuccessful grade"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "失灵；衰退",
    "en": "to stop working properly or become weaker"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cake failed to rise despite an extra egg.",
    "zh": "尽管多加了一个鸡蛋，蛋糕还是没发起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recycling programmes often fail when local authorities do not provide clear guidance or convenient collection services.",
    "zh": "地方政府若不提供清晰指导或便捷的收集服务，回收计划往往会失败。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fail to do something｜未能做某事",
   "fail an exam｜考试不及格",
   "fail to meet expectations｜未达到预期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "failure (n.)",
   "failed (adj.)",
   "failing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "succeed",
   "pass"
  ],
  "tip": "fail to do表示未能做；fail an exam表示考试不及格。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fail"
 },
 {
  "w": "introduce",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntrəˈduːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "介绍；引见",
    "en": "Tell people each other's names when they first meet."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "引进；推行",
    "en": "Bring something into use or a place for the first time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使初次了解",
    "en": "Help someone experience or learn about something for the first time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Let me introduce you to my new neighbour.",
    "zh": "让我把你介绍给我的新邻居。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should introduce practical financial education to help students manage money responsibly in adult life.",
    "zh": "学校应引入实用的理财教育，帮助学生成年后负责任地管理财务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "introduce yourself｜介绍自己",
   "introduce someone to someone｜把某人介绍给某人",
   "introduce new measures｜推行新措施",
   "introduce someone to a subject｜引导某人了解一门学科"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "introduction (n.)",
   "introductory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "把甲介绍给乙用introduce A to B，不能用with。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "introduce"
 },
 {
  "w": "dancer",
  "uk": "/ˈdɑːnsə/",
  "us": "/ˈdænsər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "舞者；舞蹈演员",
    "en": "someone who dances, especially as a job"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dancer spun gracefully across the small stage.",
    "zh": "那位舞者在小舞台上优雅地旋转。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Professional dancers require regular physical training and adequate rest to maintain performance quality and prevent injuries.",
    "zh": "专业舞蹈演员需要定期体能训练和充分休息，以保持表演水平并预防受伤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "professional dancer｜专业舞蹈演员",
   "ballet dancer｜芭蕾舞演员",
   "talented dancer｜有天赋的舞者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dance (v.)",
   "dance (n.)",
   "dancing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dancer不限定性别，也不一定指职业舞者。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dancer"
 },
 {
  "w": "unlucky",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈlʌki/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈlʌki/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "倒霉的；不幸的",
    "en": "Experiencing bad things because of chance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "被认为不吉利的",
    "en": "Believed to bring bad luck"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We were unlucky to miss the bus by seconds.",
    "zh": "我们真倒霉，只差几秒就错过了公交车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who are unlucky enough to fall ill during examinations should be offered alternative assessment arrangements.",
    "zh": "不幸在考试期间生病的学生应获得其他考核安排。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unlucky in love｜情场失意",
   "unlucky enough to｜不幸竟然……",
   "an unlucky day｜倒霉的一天"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lucky (adj.)",
   "luck (n.)",
   "unluckily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unfortunate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lucky",
   "fortunate"
  ],
  "tip": "unlucky强调运气差，不等于unhappy（不开心）。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unlucky"
 },
 {
  "w": "impossible",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpɒsəbəl/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不可能的",
    "en": "unable to happen, exist, or be done"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极难应付的",
    "en": "extremely difficult to deal with or satisfy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It is impossible to fit this sofa through the doorway.",
    "zh": "这张沙发根本无法从门口搬进去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without reliable public transport, it is almost impossible for some rural residents to access essential services.",
    "zh": "没有可靠的公共交通，一些农村居民几乎无法获得基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "almost impossible｜几乎不可能",
   "impossible task｜不可能完成的任务",
   "make it impossible to｜使……无法做到"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "possible (adj.)",
   "impossibility (n.)",
   "impossibly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unachievable",
   "unfeasible"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "possible"
  ],
  "tip": "常用it is impossible to do，表示不可能做某事。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "impossible"
 },
 {
  "w": "ahead",
  "uk": "/əˈhed/",
  "us": "/əˈhed/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在前面；向前",
    "en": "In front of someone or something, or moving forward."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "领先；提前",
    "en": "Further advanced than others or earlier than expected."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在未来；预先",
    "en": "In the future, or in preparation for it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Walk straight ahead until you reach the little bridge.",
    "zh": "一直往前走，直到走到那座小桥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities need to plan ahead to ensure that transport networks can meet the demands of growing populations.",
    "zh": "城市需要提前规划，确保交通网络能满足人口增长带来的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "straight ahead｜正前方；径直向前",
   "ahead of schedule｜比预定时间提前",
   "plan ahead｜提前规划",
   "ahead of the competition｜领先竞争对手"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "behind"
  ],
  "tip": "ahead是副词；后接人或事物时用ahead of。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ahead"
 },
 {
  "w": "luggage",
  "uk": "/ˈlʌɡɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈlʌɡɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行李",
    "en": "bags and cases that hold your belongings when travelling"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our luggage barely fitted into the small taxi.",
    "zh": "我们的行李勉强塞进了那辆小出租车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing secure luggage storage at railway stations can encourage tourists to explore nearby attractions on foot.",
    "zh": "在火车站提供安全的行李寄存服务，可以鼓励游客步行游览附近景点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hand luggage｜手提行李",
   "luggage storage｜行李寄存",
   "a piece of luggage｜一件行李",
   "luggage allowance｜行李限额"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "baggage"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；一件行李用a piece of luggage。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "luggage"
 },
 {
  "w": "steak",
  "uk": "/steɪk/",
  "us": "/steɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牛排；肉排；鱼排",
    "en": "A thick slice of meat, especially beef, or fish."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She served the steak with potatoes and green beans.",
    "zh": "她端上牛排，配了土豆和四季豆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing beef steak with plant proteins occasionally can reduce the environmental impact of a person's diet.",
    "zh": "偶尔用植物蛋白代替牛排，可以减少个人饮食对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grilled steak｜烤牛排",
   "sirloin steak｜西冷牛排",
   "tuna steak｜金枪鱼排",
   "well-done steak｜全熟牛排"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "steak与stake同音；单说steak通常指牛排。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "steak"
 },
 {
  "w": "tidy",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪdi/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪdi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "整洁的；整齐的",
    "en": "Neatly arranged, with everything in its proper place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "整理；收拾",
    "en": "To put things in order and make a place neat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her desk stays tidy, even during the busiest weeks.",
    "zh": "即使在最忙的几周里，她的书桌也保持整洁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Keeping shared workplaces tidy can help employees find equipment quickly and create a more pleasant environment.",
    "zh": "保持共用工作场所整洁，有助于员工迅速找到设备，并营造更舒适的环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep tidy｜保持整洁",
   "tidy up｜收拾整齐",
   "neat and tidy｜干净整齐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tidiness (n.)",
   "tidily (adv.)",
   "untidy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "neat",
   "orderly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "untidy",
   "messy"
  ],
  "tip": "tidy强调摆放整齐；clean强调没有污垢。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tidy"
 },
 {
  "w": "wool",
  "uk": "/wʊl/",
  "us": "/wʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "羊毛；毛线；毛料",
    "en": "Sheep's soft hair, or yarn and cloth made from it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This wool scarf keeps my neck warm on windy mornings.",
    "zh": "这条羊毛围巾让我的脖子在刮风的早晨保持温暖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wool provides natural insulation, making it a useful material for clothing designed for cold climates.",
    "zh": "羊毛具有天然保温性能，因此适合用来制作寒冷气候下穿着的衣物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pure wool｜纯羊毛",
   "a ball of wool｜一团毛线",
   "wool blanket｜羊毛毯",
   "wool production｜羊毛生产"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "woollen (adj.)",
   "woolly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；一团毛线说a ball of wool。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wool"
 },
 {
  "w": "purse",
  "uk": "/pɜːs/",
  "us": "/pɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "零钱包；女式手提包",
    "en": "a small money holder; in American English, a handbag"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "资金；财力",
    "en": "money available to a person, organisation, or government"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "噘起；撮拢嘴唇",
    "en": "to press your lips together into a small rounded shape"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She opened her purse and took out a coin.",
    "zh": "她打开零钱包，取出一枚硬币。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in preventive healthcare could reduce the long-term burden on the public purse.",
    "zh": "投资预防性医疗可以减轻公共财政的长期负担。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a leather purse｜皮质零钱包",
   "the public purse｜公共财政",
   "purse your lips｜噘起嘴唇"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式purse多指零钱包，美式常指女式手提包。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "purse"
 },
 {
  "w": "sunset",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌnset/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌnset/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "日落；日落时分",
    "en": "the time when the sun disappears below the horizon"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "落日景象；晚霞",
    "en": "the colourful sky seen as the sun goes down"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We reached the beach just before sunset yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们在日落前刚好赶到了海滩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal destinations often attract tourists with spectacular sunset views, creating valuable opportunities for local businesses.",
    "zh": "沿海目的地常以壮丽的落日景色吸引游客，为当地企业创造宝贵商机。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at sunset｜在日落时分",
   "watch the sunset｜看日落",
   "a spectacular sunset｜壮丽的落日景象"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "sundown"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sunrise"
  ],
  "tip": "表示在日落时用at sunset，通常不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sunset"
 },
 {
  "w": "notice",
  "uk": "/ˈnəʊ.tɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈnoʊ.t̬ɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "注意到；察觉",
    "en": "to become aware of something through your senses"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "通知；告示",
    "en": "a written statement giving information or instructions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "提前通知",
    "en": "information given before something happens or ends"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Did you notice the tiny bird outside our window?",
    "zh": "你注意到窗外那只小鸟了吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents often notice improvements in air quality when cities restrict traffic in central areas.",
    "zh": "城市限制中心区域的交通时，居民常会察觉空气质量有所改善。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "notice a difference｜察觉差异",
   "take notice of｜留意",
   "give notice｜提前通知",
   "at short notice｜在通知很仓促的情况下"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "noticeable (adj.)",
   "noticeably (adv.)",
   "unnoticed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "notice sb do强调全过程；notice sb doing强调正在发生。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "notice"
 },
 {
  "w": "United Kingdom",
  "uk": "/juˌnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm/",
  "us": "/juˌnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英国；联合王国",
    "en": "The country comprising England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We travelled around the United Kingdom by train last summer.",
    "zh": "去年夏天，我们乘火车游览了英国各地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International students in the United Kingdom contribute to university communities through their diverse experiences and perspectives.",
    "zh": "在英国的国际学生以多样的经历和视角为大学社区作出贡献。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the United Kingdom｜英国",
   "across the United Kingdom｜遍及英国",
   "the United Kingdom economy｜英国经济"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "UK"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "前面通常加the；包括北爱尔兰，不等同于大不列颠。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "已将国名首字母规范为大写。",
  "id": "united-kingdom"
 },
 {
  "w": "probably",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒbəbli/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːbəbli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "很可能；大概",
    "en": "Used when something is likely but not certain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery will probably close before we get there.",
    "zh": "我们到那儿之前，面包店很可能就关门了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities that invest in reliable public transport will probably experience less traffic congestion over time.",
    "zh": "投资建设可靠公共交通的城市，交通拥堵很可能会逐渐减轻。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "will probably｜很可能会",
   "probably not｜大概不会",
   "probably because｜很可能是因为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "probable (adj.)",
   "probability (n.)",
   "improbable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "likely"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常置于实义动词前、be动词后或第一个助动词后。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "probably"
 },
 {
  "w": "cloth",
  "uk": "/klɒθ/",
  "us": "/klɔːθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "布；织物",
    "en": "Material made by weaving or knitting fibres."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抹布；一块布",
    "en": "A piece of fabric used for cleaning or covering things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She chose soft cotton cloth for the baby's blanket.",
    "zh": "她选了柔软的棉布来做婴儿毯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing disposable wipes with reusable cloth can reduce household waste and lower long-term cleaning costs.",
    "zh": "用可重复使用的布代替一次性湿巾，可以减少家庭垃圾并降低长期清洁成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cotton cloth｜棉布",
   "a damp cloth｜湿抹布",
   "a piece of cloth｜一块布"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "fabric",
   "material"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "布料义不可数；抹布可数，复数cloths；勿混clothes。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cloth"
 },
 {
  "w": "transport",
  "uk": "/ˈtrænspɔːt/",
  "us": "/ˈtrænspɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "交通运输；交通工具",
    "en": "Vehicles or systems used to move people and goods."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "运输；运送",
    "en": "To move people or goods from one place to another."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We rely on public transport to get around town.",
    "zh": "我们在城里出行靠公共交通。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Better transport links between rural areas and cities can expand employment opportunities for local residents.",
    "zh": "改善乡村与城市之间的交通联系可以为当地居民增加就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public transport｜公共交通",
   "transport links｜交通联系",
   "transport goods｜运输货物",
   "transport network｜交通网络"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transportation (n.)",
   "transporter (n.)",
   "transportable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "上列为名词音标；动词重音后移，英/t/前为/n/。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transport"
 },
 {
  "w": "drop",
  "uk": "/drɒp/",
  "us": "/drɑːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "落下；使掉落；下降",
    "en": "to fall, let something fall, or become lower"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "滴；少量液体",
    "en": "a very small, rounded amount of liquid"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "停止；放弃",
    "en": "to stop doing or considering something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I dropped my keys while reaching for my phone.",
    "zh": "我伸手拿手机时，钥匙掉了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "If public transport becomes more reliable, the number of people driving to work may drop significantly.",
    "zh": "如果公共交通变得更可靠，开车上班的人数可能会显著下降。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a drop in prices｜价格下降",
   "a drop of water｜一滴水",
   "drop a course｜退选一门课",
   "drop sharply｜急剧下降"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "drop by表示下降了多少；drop to表示降至多少。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drop"
 },
 {
  "w": "share",
  "uk": "/ʃeə/",
  "us": "/ʃer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分享；共用；分担",
    "en": "To use, enjoy or take responsibility for something with others."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一份；份额",
    "en": "One part of something divided among people or groups."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "股份",
    "en": "One of the equal units of ownership in a company."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister and I share a desk by the window.",
    "zh": "我和姐姐共用窗边的一张书桌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When residents share responsibility for public spaces, neighbourhoods often become cleaner and more welcoming.",
    "zh": "当居民共同承担公共空间的维护责任时，社区往往会变得更整洁、更宜居。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "share something with someone｜与某人分享某物",
   "share responsibility｜分担责任",
   "market share｜市场份额",
   "buy shares｜购买股份"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sharing (n.)",
   "shareholder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与某人分享用share something with someone。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "share"
 },
 {
  "w": "tram",
  "uk": "/træm/",
  "us": "/træm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "有轨电车",
    "en": "An electric passenger vehicle running on tracks along city streets."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We caught the tram outside the library this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上我们在图书馆外乘上了有轨电车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in tram networks can reduce traffic congestion and improve access to busy city centres.",
    "zh": "投资建设有轨电车网络可以缓解交通拥堵，让人们更方便地前往繁忙的市中心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "catch a tram｜赶上有轨电车",
   "tram stop｜有轨电车站",
   "tram network｜有轨电车网络"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "streetcar"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指车辆，不是轨道；美式英语常用streetcar。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tram"
 },
 {
  "w": "envelope",
  "uk": "/ˈenvələʊp/",
  "us": "/ˈenvəloʊp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "信封",
    "en": "A flat paper container used for sending a letter."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She slipped the birthday card into a blue envelope.",
    "zh": "她把生日贺卡放进了一个蓝色信封。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although digital communication is widespread, official documents are still sometimes delivered in a sealed envelope for privacy.",
    "zh": "尽管数字通信十分普及，官方文件有时仍会装在密封信封里送达，以保护隐私。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sealed envelope｜密封的信封",
   "open an envelope｜拆信封",
   "a padded envelope｜有衬垫的信封"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "envelope是“信封”；envelop是“包围”的动词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "envelope"
 },
 {
  "w": "parrot",
  "uk": "/ˈpærət/",
  "us": "/ˈpærət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鹦鹉",
    "en": "a tropical bird with a curved beak, sometimes copying speech"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "机械地重复；鹦鹉学舌",
    "en": "to repeat someone's words without understanding or considering them"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The green parrot cracked a seed with its beak.",
    "zh": "那只绿色鹦鹉用喙啄开了一粒种子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who merely parrot their teachers' explanations may struggle to apply knowledge to unfamiliar situations.",
    "zh": "只会机械重复教师讲解的学生，可能难以将知识应用于陌生情境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pet parrot｜宠物鹦鹉",
   "parrot someone's words｜机械重复某人的话",
   "parrot fashion｜鹦鹉学舌般地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词常带贬义，强调不加理解或思考地重复。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "parrot"
 },
 {
  "w": "windsurfing",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪndsɜːfɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪndsɝːfɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "帆板运动",
    "en": "A water sport using a board with an attached sail."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister tried windsurfing during our holiday by the lake.",
    "zh": "我们在湖边度假时，我姐姐尝试了帆板运动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Windsurfing schools can attract visitors to coastal towns, provided that local authorities establish clear water safety guidelines.",
    "zh": "只要地方政府制定明确的水上安全准则，帆板学校就能吸引游客前往沿海城镇。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go windsurfing｜去玩帆板",
   "windsurfing equipment｜帆板运动装备",
   "windsurfing lessons｜帆板课程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "windsurf (v.)",
   "windsurfer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "windsurfing借帆利用风力；surfing主要借海浪滑行。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "windsurfing"
 },
 {
  "w": "cross",
  "uk": "/krɒs/",
  "us": "/krɔːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "穿过；横渡；交叉",
    "en": "to go from one side to another, or intersect"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "十字形；十字架",
    "en": "a shape made by two intersecting lines, or a religious symbol"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "生气的；恼怒的",
    "en": "annoyed or slightly angry"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We waited for the traffic to stop before crossing.",
    "zh": "我们等车辆停下后才过马路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Safer pedestrian routes encourage residents to cross busy roads on foot rather than drive short distances.",
    "zh": "更安全的步行路线鼓励居民步行穿过繁忙道路，而不是短途开车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cross the road｜过马路",
   "cross a bridge｜过桥",
   "cross with someone｜生某人的气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crossing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cross是动词；across是介词或副词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cross"
 },
 {
  "w": "stage",
  "uk": "/steɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/steɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阶段；时期",
    "en": "A particular period or step in a process."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "舞台",
    "en": "A raised area where performers appear before an audience."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "上演；举办；组织",
    "en": "To organise and present a performance or public event."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cake is cooling at this stage of preparation.",
    "zh": "制作进行到这个阶段，蛋糕正在冷却。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early intervention at a critical stage of childhood can significantly improve educational outcomes later in life.",
    "zh": "在童年的关键阶段及早干预，能显著改善日后的教育成果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at an early stage｜在早期阶段",
   "a stage of development｜发展阶段",
   "on stage｜在舞台上",
   "stage a play｜上演戏剧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "staging (n.)",
   "staged (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示阶段常用at a stage；表示在舞台上用on stage。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stage"
 },
 {
  "w": "forward",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːwəd/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrwɚd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向前；向将来",
    "en": "towards the front or a later time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "转寄；转发",
    "en": "to send something received to another person or place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "前锋",
    "en": "an attacking player in sports such as football"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please step forward when there is space ahead.",
    "zh": "前面有空位时，请向前走一步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in renewable energy can help countries move forward towards a more sustainable economic future.",
    "zh": "投资可再生能源有助于各国迈向更可持续的经济未来。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "move forward｜向前移动；取得进展",
   "look forward to｜期待",
   "forward an email｜转发邮件",
   "put forward a proposal｜提出建议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "forwards (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ahead"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "backward"
  ],
  "tip": "look forward to中的to是介词，后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "forward"
 },
 {
  "w": "colleague",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒliːɡ/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːliːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "同事；同僚",
    "en": "Someone you work with, especially in a professional job."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My colleague brought homemade soup to the office today.",
    "zh": "我的同事今天把自制的汤带到了办公室。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sharing knowledge with colleagues can improve workplace efficiency and help new employees develop essential skills.",
    "zh": "与同事分享知识可以提高工作效率，并帮助新员工培养必要技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "work colleague｜工作同事",
   "former colleague｜前同事",
   "a close colleague｜关系密切的同事"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "coworker"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "colleague指同事，不一定是朋友或同级员工。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "colleague"
 },
 {
  "w": "mess",
  "uk": "/mes/",
  "us": "/mes/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脏乱；杂乱",
    "en": "A dirty or untidy state or collection of things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "困境；混乱局面",
    "en": "A situation full of problems or confusion."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弄乱；弄糟",
    "en": "To make something untidy or spoil it, usually with up."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen was a mess after we baked biscuits.",
    "zh": "我们烤完饼干后，厨房一片狼藉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without clear responsibilities, a community project can quickly become a mess, wasting both time and resources.",
    "zh": "如果职责不清，社区项目很快就可能陷入混乱，既浪费时间又浪费资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a mess｜弄得一团糟",
   "in a mess｜乱七八糟",
   "mess up｜弄糟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "messy (adj.)",
   "messily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disorder"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "order"
  ],
  "tip": "常说make a mess；mess up可指弄乱或搞砸。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mess"
 },
 {
  "w": "level",
  "uk": "/ˈlevəl/",
  "us": "/ˈlevəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水平；程度；高度",
    "en": "A particular standard, amount, or height of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "平坦的；同高的",
    "en": "Flat and even, or at the same height."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使平坦；使相等",
    "en": "To make a surface flat or things equal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The water level rose after last night's heavy rain.",
    "zh": "昨晚的大雨过后，水位上升了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving the level of public transport can encourage more residents to leave their cars at home.",
    "zh": "提高公共交通服务水平可以鼓励更多居民不开私家车出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sea level｜海平面",
   "a high level of｜高水平的；大量的",
   "level ground｜平坦的地面",
   "level the playing field｜创造公平竞争环境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "levelly (adv.)",
   "levelling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "at表示所处水平；on the same level可指同一楼层。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "level"
 },
 {
  "w": "afterwards",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːftəwədz/",
  "us": "/ˈæftərwərdz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "后来；之后",
    "en": "At a later time, following an event."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a film and had dinner afterwards.",
    "zh": "我们看了一部电影，之后吃了晚饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who discuss a lecture afterwards may remember its key ideas more clearly than those who do not.",
    "zh": "课后讨论讲座内容的学生，可能比不讨论的学生更清楚地记住其中的要点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shortly afterwards｜不久之后",
   "soon afterwards｜随后不久",
   "immediately afterwards｜紧接着"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "later",
   "afterward"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "beforehand"
  ],
  "tip": "是副词，后面不直接接宾语；after可接宾语。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "afterwards"
 },
 {
  "w": "empty",
  "uk": "/ˈempti/",
  "us": "/ˈempti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "空的；无人的",
    "en": "Containing nothing or having no people inside."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "倒空；清空",
    "en": "To remove everything from a container or place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "空洞的；无诚意的",
    "en": "Lacking real meaning, value, or sincere intention."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The biscuit tin was empty when I opened it.",
    "zh": "我打开饼干盒时，里面已经空了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Converting empty office buildings into affordable housing could help cities address shortages without expanding into surrounding countryside.",
    "zh": "将空置办公楼改造成可负担住房，可以帮助城市缓解住房短缺，而不必向周边乡村扩张。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "empty room｜空房间",
   "empty promises｜空头承诺",
   "empty the bin｜倒空垃圾桶",
   "on an empty stomach｜空腹"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "emptiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "vacant",
   "unoccupied"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "full"
  ],
  "tip": "empty强调里面没有东西；vacant常指房屋或职位空缺。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "empty"
 },
 {
  "w": "earn",
  "uk": "/ɜːn/",
  "us": "/ɜːrn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挣得；赚取",
    "en": "To receive money in return for work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赢得；博得",
    "en": "To gain something deserved through your actions or qualities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She earns extra money by walking dogs after school.",
    "zh": "她放学后帮人遛狗，赚些零花钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies can earn public trust by reporting their environmental impact honestly and taking responsibility for their mistakes.",
    "zh": "企业可以通过如实报告环境影响并为自身错误负责来赢得公众信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "earn a living｜谋生",
   "earn money｜挣钱",
   "earn respect｜赢得尊重",
   "earn a reputation｜赢得声誉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "earner (n.)",
   "earnings (n.)",
   "earned (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "earn强调劳动或表现所得；win多指比赛获胜。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "earn"
 },
 {
  "w": "adventure",
  "uk": "/ədˈventʃə/",
  "us": "/ədˈventʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冒险；奇遇",
    "en": "An exciting experience involving uncertainty or possible danger"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冒险精神",
    "en": "Willingness to explore unfamiliar or exciting situations"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our camping trip turned into an adventure after dark.",
    "zh": "天黑后，我们的露营之旅变成了一次冒险。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Outdoor adventure activities can help young people develop confidence and learn to cooperate with others.",
    "zh": "户外探险活动能帮助年轻人建立自信，并学会与他人合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go on an adventure｜去探险",
   "a sense of adventure｜冒险精神",
   "adventure tourism｜探险旅游"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adventurous (adj.)",
   "adventurer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "adventure指具体经历时可数，指冒险精神时不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adventure"
 },
 {
  "w": "twelfth",
  "uk": "/twelfθ/",
  "us": "/twelfθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "第十二",
    "en": "Coming after the eleventh in a sequence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "十二分之一",
    "en": "One of twelve equal parts of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We celebrated her twelfth birthday with a homemade cake.",
    "zh": "我们用自制蛋糕庆祝了她的十二岁生日。"
   },
   {
    "en": "By the twelfth month of the programme, most participants had developed more effective study habits.",
    "zh": "到该项目的第十二个月时，大多数参与者已经养成了更有效的学习习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "twelfth birthday｜十二岁生日",
   "the twelfth century｜十二世纪",
   "one twelfth of｜……的十二分之一"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "twelve (num)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "twelve变序数词为twelfth，注意ve变为f。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "twelfth"
 },
 {
  "w": "belt",
  "uk": "/belt/",
  "us": "/belt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "腰带；皮带",
    "en": "a strip worn around the waist to hold clothes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "带状区域；地带",
    "en": "a long area with a particular feature"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "传动带；输送带",
    "en": "a continuous strip that moves machinery or carries objects"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This belt keeps my trousers from slipping down.",
    "zh": "这条腰带能防止我的裤子往下滑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A green belt around a city can limit urban expansion and protect nearby farmland from development.",
    "zh": "城市周边的绿化带可以限制城市扩张，保护附近农田免遭开发。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "leather belt｜皮腰带",
   "fasten a belt｜系好腰带",
   "green belt｜城市周边绿化带",
   "conveyor belt｜传送带"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "belted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "belt除腰带外也指带状区域，如green belt。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "belt"
 },
 {
  "w": "fireman",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪəmən/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪərmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男消防员",
    "en": "A man whose job is to put out fires."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The fireman rescued a kitten from the smoky kitchen.",
    "zh": "这名男消防员从烟雾弥漫的厨房里救出了一只小猫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The fireman explained that regular safety inspections could prevent many accidents in residential buildings.",
    "zh": "这名男消防员解释说，定期安全检查可以预防住宅楼内的许多事故。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a brave fireman｜勇敢的男消防员",
   "a fireman's helmet｜消防员头盔",
   "a volunteer fireman｜志愿男消防员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "firefighter (n.)",
   "firefighting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "firefighter"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为firemen；现代通用表达多用中性的firefighter。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fireman"
 },
 {
  "w": "interview",
  "uk": "/ˈɪntəvjuː/",
  "us": "/ˈɪntərvjuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "面试；面谈",
    "en": "a meeting to assess someone's suitability for a position"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "采访；访谈",
    "en": "a conversation where someone answers questions for media or research"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "面试；采访",
    "en": "to ask someone questions for selection, reporting, or research"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I practised answering questions before my first job interview.",
    "zh": "第一次求职面试前，我练习了如何回答问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should interview residents from diverse backgrounds to understand how housing policies affect different social groups.",
    "zh": "研究人员应访谈不同背景的居民，了解住房政策如何影响不同社会群体。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "job interview｜求职面试",
   "conduct an interview｜进行面试或访谈",
   "interview candidates｜面试候选人",
   "an in-depth interview｜深度访谈"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "interviewer (n.)",
   "interviewee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "interviewer是提问者；interviewee是接受面试或采访者。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "interview"
 },
 {
  "w": "similar",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪmələ/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪmələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相似的；类似的",
    "en": "Almost the same, but not exactly alike."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your jacket looks similar to mine, but slightly darker.",
    "zh": "你的夹克看起来和我的相似，不过颜色稍深一点。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities with similar population sizes may require different transport policies because of their geographical features.",
    "zh": "人口规模相近的城市可能因地理特征不同而需要不同的交通政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "similar to｜与……相似",
   "similar characteristics｜相似的特征",
   "broadly similar｜大致相似"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "similarity (n.)",
   "similarly (adv.)",
   "dissimilar (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "alike",
   "comparable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "different",
   "dissimilar"
  ],
  "tip": "用similar to，不用similar with；相似不等于相同。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "similar"
 },
 {
  "w": "whole",
  "uk": "/həʊl/",
  "us": "/hoʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "整个的；完整的",
    "en": "Complete, with no part missing or left out."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "整体；全部",
    "en": "A complete thing made up of connected parts."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent the whole afternoon baking bread together.",
    "zh": "我们整个下午都在一起烤面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Transport policies should consider the needs of the whole community rather than focusing only on car owners.",
    "zh": "交通政策应考虑整个社区的需求，而不应只关注汽车拥有者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the whole day｜一整天",
   "as a whole｜作为整体",
   "on the whole｜总的来说",
   "a whole range of｜各种各样的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wholly (adv.)",
   "wholeness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "entire",
   "complete"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "partial",
   "incomplete"
  ],
  "tip": "注意语序：the whole day＝all the day。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "whole"
 },
 {
  "w": "thought",
  "uk": "/θɔːt/",
  "us": "/θɔːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "想法；念头",
    "en": "an idea or opinion formed in the mind"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "思考；考虑",
    "en": "the process of thinking carefully about something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "想；认为（过去式）",
    "en": "past tense and past participle of think"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A sudden thought made me check my coat pocket.",
    "zh": "一个突然冒出的念头让我检查了一下外套口袋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planning requires careful thought about how public spaces can serve people of different ages.",
    "zh": "城市规划需要仔细考虑公共空间如何服务不同年龄的人群。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "give something some thought｜考虑某事",
   "deep in thought｜陷入沉思",
   "a sudden thought｜突然冒出的念头",
   "food for thought｜引人深思的事物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "think (v.)",
   "thinker (n.)",
   "thoughtful (adj.)",
   "thoughtless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "idea",
   "reflection"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表具体想法时可数；表思考过程时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thought"
 },
 {
  "w": "loudly",
  "uk": "/ˈlaʊdli/",
  "us": "/ˈlaʊdli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "大声地；响亮地",
    "en": "With a sound that has high volume."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone cheered loudly when our team won the match.",
    "zh": "我们队赢得比赛时，大家都大声欢呼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Passengers who speak loudly on public transport can disturb others, particularly during early morning or late evening journeys.",
    "zh": "在公共交通工具上大声说话的乘客会打扰他人，尤其是在清晨或深夜的行程中。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "speak loudly｜大声说话",
   "laugh loudly｜放声大笑",
   "cheer loudly｜大声欢呼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "loud (adj.)",
   "loudness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "noisily"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "quietly",
   "softly"
  ],
  "tip": "loudly强调音量大；aloud强调出声而非默读。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "loudly"
 },
 {
  "w": "weight",
  "uk": "/weɪt/",
  "us": "/weɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重量；体重",
    "en": "How heavy someone or something is."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重物；砝码",
    "en": "A heavy object used for exercise or measuring weight."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重要性；影响力",
    "en": "The importance or influence given to something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The weight of this suitcase makes it hard to lift.",
    "zh": "这个行李箱太重，很难提起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policymakers should give greater weight to scientific evidence when designing strategies to improve public health.",
    "zh": "政策制定者在设计改善公共健康的策略时，应更加重视科学证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lose weight｜减重",
   "gain weight｜增重",
   "lift weights｜举重训练",
   "give weight to｜重视"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "weigh (v.)",
   "weightless (adj.)",
   "weighty (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "heaviness",
   "importance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "weight是名词；weigh是动词：How much does it weigh?",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "weight"
 },
 {
  "w": "folder",
  "uk": "/ˈfəʊldə/",
  "us": "/ˈfoʊldər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文件夹；纸夹",
    "en": "A folded cover used to hold loose papers."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电脑文件夹",
    "en": "A place on a computer where files are grouped together."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep your receipts in this folder beside the desk.",
    "zh": "把收据放在桌子旁的这个文件夹里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Organising digital resources into clearly named folders can help students locate information efficiently during research projects.",
    "zh": "将数字资源整理到命名清晰的文件夹中，可以帮助学生在研究项目中高效查找信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "create a folder｜创建文件夹",
   "a shared folder｜共享文件夹",
   "save files in a folder｜将文件存入文件夹"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fold (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "file是文件；folder是存放文件的文件夹。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "folder"
 },
 {
  "w": "steal",
  "uk": "/stiːl/",
  "us": "/stiːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "偷窃；盗用",
    "en": "to take something without permission and keep or use it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "偷偷移动",
    "en": "to move quietly without attracting attention"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "极便宜的东西",
    "en": "something bought for much less than its usual price"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Someone stole my bicycle while I was buying bread.",
    "zh": "我买面包的时候，有人偷走了我的自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies must protect customer information because criminals may steal personal data from insecure websites.",
    "zh": "企业必须保护客户信息，因为犯罪分子可能从不安全的网站窃取个人数据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "steal from someone｜偷某人的东西",
   "steal an idea｜盗用创意",
   "steal the show｜抢尽风头"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stolen (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式stole，过去分词stolen；宾语通常是物。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "steal"
 },
 {
  "w": "modern",
  "uk": "/ˈmɒdən/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːdərn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "现代的；近代的",
    "en": "Relating to the present or relatively recent times."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "新式的；时髦的",
    "en": "Using the latest ideas, methods, or styles."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our flat has a modern kitchen with large windows.",
    "zh": "我们的公寓有一间新式厨房，窗户很大。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern technology allows students in remote areas to access educational resources previously available only in cities.",
    "zh": "现代技术让偏远地区的学生能够获取过去只有城市才有的教育资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "modern society｜现代社会",
   "modern technology｜现代技术",
   "modern architecture｜现代建筑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "modernise (v.)",
   "modernisation (n.)",
   "modernity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "contemporary"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ancient",
   "old-fashioned"
  ],
  "tip": "modern强调现代或新式；不一定表示刚刚制造。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "modern"
 },
 {
  "w": "opinion",
  "uk": "/əˈpɪnjən/",
  "us": "/əˈpɪnjən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意见；看法",
    "en": "a belief or judgement about someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "What is your opinion of our new kitchen?",
    "zh": "你觉得我们的新厨房怎么样？"
   },
   {
    "en": "In my opinion, public transport should be affordable enough to encourage people to leave their cars at home.",
    "zh": "在我看来，公共交通的价格应足够实惠，从而鼓励人们不开私家车出门。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in my opinion｜在我看来",
   "public opinion｜公众舆论",
   "express an opinion｜表达意见",
   "a difference of opinion｜意见分歧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "opinionated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "view",
   "belief"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表达“在我看来”用in my opinion，不用according to me。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "opinion"
 },
 {
  "w": "patient",
  "uk": "/ˈpeɪʃənt/",
  "us": "/ˈpeɪʃənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "病人；患者",
    "en": "Someone receiving medical care."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有耐心的；能忍耐的",
    "en": "Able to wait or handle difficulties without becoming annoyed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse brought the patient a glass of water.",
    "zh": "护士给病人端来了一杯水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Allowing patients to discuss treatment options can improve trust and lead to better health outcomes.",
    "zh": "让患者讨论治疗方案可以增进信任，并改善健康结果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "treat a patient｜治疗患者",
   "patient care｜患者护理",
   "be patient with｜对……有耐心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "patience (n.)",
   "patiently (adv.)",
   "impatient (adj.)",
   "impatience (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词是“患者”；作形容词常接with。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "patient"
 },
 {
  "w": "robot",
  "uk": "/ˈrəʊbɒt/",
  "us": "/ˈroʊbɑːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "机器人；自动机械",
    "en": "a machine programmed to perform tasks automatically"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small robot cleaned the floor while we ate breakfast.",
    "zh": "我们吃早饭时，一台小机器人清扫了地板。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Robots can perform repetitive factory tasks, but workers may need additional training to move into new roles.",
    "zh": "机器人可以执行重复性的工厂任务，但工人可能需要额外培训才能转入新岗位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "industrial robot｜工业机器人",
   "robot arm｜机械臂",
   "autonomous robot｜自主机器人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "robotic (adj.)",
   "robotics (n.)",
   "robotically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "robot是可数名词；robotics指机器人学。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "robot"
 },
 {
  "w": "father-in-law",
  "uk": "/ˈfɑːðər ɪn lɔː/",
  "us": "/ˈfɑːðər ɪn lɔː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公公；岳父",
    "en": "the father of your husband or wife"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My father-in-law helped us repair the garden fence.",
    "zh": "我岳父帮我们修好了花园的围栏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Living with a father-in-law may encourage families to share household expenses and provide care across generations.",
    "zh": "与公公或岳父同住，可能促使家人分担家庭开支，并提供代际照料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "future father-in-law｜未来的公公或岳父",
   "elderly father-in-law｜年迈的公公或岳父"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不是继父；继父是stepfather。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "father-in-law"
 },
 {
  "w": "leader",
  "uk": "/ˈliːdə/",
  "us": "/ˈliːdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领导者；带领者",
    "en": "Someone who guides or directs a group of people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领先者；领先机构",
    "en": "A person or organization ahead of others in a field."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our group leader showed us the safest mountain path.",
    "zh": "我们的领队给我们指明了最安全的山路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective leaders encourage employees to share ideas rather than simply follow instructions without question.",
    "zh": "高效的领导者鼓励员工分享想法，而不是毫无疑问地服从指令。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "team leader｜团队负责人",
   "political leader｜政治领袖",
   "market leader｜市场领先企业",
   "leadership skills｜领导技能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lead (v.)",
   "leadership (n.)",
   "leading (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "follower"
  ],
  "tip": "leader指领导者；leadership指领导能力或领导层。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "leader"
 },
 {
  "w": "subway",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌbweɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌbweɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地铁（美式）",
    "en": "An urban railway system that runs mainly underground."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地下人行通道（英式）",
    "en": "A passage allowing people to walk beneath a road."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took the subway to the museum this morning.",
    "zh": "今天上午我们乘地铁去了博物馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding subway networks can ease traffic congestion, provided that services remain affordable and accessible to local residents.",
    "zh": "扩建地铁网络可以缓解交通拥堵，前提是当地居民能够负担票价并方便地使用服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take the subway｜乘地铁",
   "subway station｜地铁站",
   "subway line｜地铁线路",
   "pedestrian subway｜地下人行通道"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式指地铁；英式常指地下人行通道。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "subway"
 },
 {
  "w": "pleased",
  "uk": "/pliːzd/",
  "us": "/pliːzd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "高兴的；满意的",
    "en": "feeling happy or satisfied about something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'm really pleased with how the cake turned out.",
    "zh": "我对这个蛋糕做出来的效果非常满意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents were pleased that the council had created more green spaces for children to play safely.",
    "zh": "居民们很高兴，市政部门增设了更多绿地，让孩子们可以安全地玩耍。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pleased with｜对……满意",
   "pleased to hear｜听到……很高兴",
   "pleased to meet you｜很高兴认识你"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "please (v.)",
   "pleasing (adj.)",
   "pleasure (n.)",
   "displeased (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "glad",
   "happy",
   "satisfied"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "displeased",
   "dissatisfied"
  ],
  "tip": "对结果满意用pleased with；听到喜讯用pleased to hear。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pleased"
 },
 {
  "w": "main",
  "uk": "/meɪn/",
  "us": "/meɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "主要的；最重要的",
    "en": "Most important or largest among others."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "主管道；干线",
    "en": "A large pipe or cable supplying water, gas, or electricity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The main entrance is beside the little coffee shop.",
    "zh": "正门就在那家小咖啡馆旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "One main reason for urban migration is the wider range of employment opportunities available in cities.",
    "zh": "人们迁往城市的一个主要原因是城市提供的就业机会更多。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "main reason｜主要原因",
   "main entrance｜正门",
   "main concern｜主要关切",
   "water main｜供水主管道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mainly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "principal",
   "chief",
   "primary"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "secondary",
   "minor"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词通常放在名词前；主要地用mainly。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "main"
 },
 {
  "w": "drugstore",
  "uk": "/ˈdrʌɡstɔː/",
  "us": "/ˈdrʌɡstɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "药店（兼售日用品）",
    "en": "an American shop selling medicines and various everyday products"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I bought some toothpaste at the drugstore near the station.",
    "zh": "我在车站附近的药店买了些牙膏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In some communities, the local drugstore provides essential health advice as well as affordable medicines.",
    "zh": "在一些社区，当地药店不仅提供价格实惠的药品，也提供必要的健康建议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local drugstore｜当地药店",
   "drugstore chain｜连锁药店",
   "drugstore counter｜药店柜台"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "pharmacy"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要用于美式英语；英式常用chemist’s或pharmacy。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drugstore"
 },
 {
  "w": "several",
  "uk": "/ˈsevrəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsevrəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "几个；数个",
    "en": "More than two but not many"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "几个；数个",
    "en": "A few people or things already mentioned or understood"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I tried several jackets before choosing the blue one.",
    "zh": "我试了几件夹克后，选中了蓝色的那件。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Several studies suggest that access to green spaces can improve mental health among people living in cities.",
    "zh": "几项研究表明，能够接触绿地可能改善城市居民的心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "several times｜几次",
   "several years｜数年",
   "several of them｜他们中的几个",
   "for several reasons｜出于几个原因"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "a few"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "后接可数名词复数；several of后接限定词或代词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "several"
 },
 {
  "w": "hairdresser",
  "uk": "/ˈheədresə/",
  "us": "/ˈherdresər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "理发师；美发师",
    "en": "someone whose job is to cut and style hair"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hairdresser trimmed my hair and dried it gently.",
    "zh": "美发师修剪了我的头发，然后轻轻吹干。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Training as a hairdresser combines practical skills with customer service, offering a career path outside traditional academic education.",
    "zh": "美发师培训将实操技能与客户服务相结合，提供了传统学术教育之外的职业道路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "qualified hairdresser｜合格的美发师",
   "go to the hairdresser's｜去理发店",
   "hairdresser's salon｜美发沙龙"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hairdressing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hairstylist"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hairdresser指人；the hairdresser's通常指理发店。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hairdresser"
 },
 {
  "w": "customer",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌstəmə/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌstəmər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "顾客；客户",
    "en": "A person or organisation that buys goods or services."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The customer asked for a larger pair of shoes.",
    "zh": "这位顾客想要一双大一点的鞋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Businesses can build customer loyalty by providing reliable products and responding quickly to complaints.",
    "zh": "企业可以通过提供可靠的产品并迅速回应投诉来培养客户忠诚度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "customer service｜客户服务",
   "regular customer｜常客",
   "customer satisfaction｜客户满意度",
   "customer loyalty｜客户忠诚度"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "buyer",
   "client"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "customer泛指顾客；client常指专业服务的客户。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "customer"
 },
 {
  "w": "collect",
  "uk": "/kəˈlekt/",
  "us": "/kəˈlekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "收集；收藏",
    "en": "To gather things together or keep objects as a hobby"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "领取；接走",
    "en": "To go somewhere and bring someone or something away"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "募集；收取",
    "en": "To receive or gather money from people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I collect smooth stones whenever we visit the beach.",
    "zh": "每次去海边，我都会收集光滑的石头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers collect data from local households to assess how transport policies affect daily travel habits.",
    "zh": "研究人员收集当地家庭的数据，以评估交通政策如何影响日常出行习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "collect data｜收集数据",
   "collect a parcel｜领取包裹",
   "collect donations｜募集捐款",
   "collect stamps｜集邮"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "collection (n.)",
   "collector (n.)",
   "collectable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gather"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语collect someone可指去接某人。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "collect"
 },
 {
  "w": "frog",
  "uk": "/frɒɡ/",
  "us": "/frɑːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "青蛙",
    "en": "A small amphibian with long back legs for jumping."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A green frog jumped from the stone into our pond.",
    "zh": "一只绿色的青蛙从石头上跳进了我们的池塘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Declining frog populations can indicate environmental damage because these animals are sensitive to changes in water quality.",
    "zh": "青蛙数量下降可能表明环境遭到破坏，因为它们对水质变化十分敏感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tree frog｜树蛙",
   "frog population｜青蛙种群",
   "frog spawn｜蛙卵"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，复数为frogs；toad指蟾蜍。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "frog"
 },
 {
  "w": "magic",
  "uk": "/ˈmædʒɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈmædʒɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "魔法；魔术",
    "en": "An imaginary supernatural power, or tricks that seem to use it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "魅力；奇妙之处",
    "en": "A special quality that makes something exciting or wonderful."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有魔力的；魔术的",
    "en": "Having supernatural powers or used in performing tricks."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children laughed when he performed a magic trick.",
    "zh": "他表演魔术时，孩子们笑了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although technology can improve education, it is not a magic solution to every problem schools face.",
    "zh": "虽然技术能够改善教育，但它不是解决学校所有问题的神奇办法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "magic trick｜魔术戏法",
   "magic wand｜魔杖",
   "magic solution｜神奇的解决办法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "magical (adj.)",
   "magically (adv.)",
   "magician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sorcery"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "magic 多指魔法或魔术；magical 也可形容美妙体验。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "magic"
 },
 {
  "w": "topic",
  "uk": "/ˈtɒpɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈtɑːpɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "话题；主题",
    "en": "a subject that people discuss, write about, or study"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Food is always a popular topic in our house.",
    "zh": "食物在我们家一直是个热门话题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Climate change has become a central topic in school discussions about the future of our planet.",
    "zh": "气候变化已成为学校讨论地球未来时的核心话题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a topic of discussion｜讨论的话题",
   "a controversial topic｜有争议的话题",
   "change the topic｜转换话题",
   "research topic｜研究课题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "topical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "subject",
   "theme"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "topic指讨论或写作的主题；title指文章等的标题。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "topic"
 },
 {
  "w": "horrible",
  "uk": "/ˈhɒrəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈhɔːrəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "糟糕的；令人厌恶的",
    "en": "very unpleasant or bad"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可怕的；令人震惊的",
    "en": "causing strong fear or shock"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A horrible smell came from the forgotten lunch box.",
    "zh": "那个被遗忘的午餐盒散发出难闻的气味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents described the horrible conditions in overcrowded housing and called for stricter enforcement of safety standards.",
    "zh": "居民描述了拥挤住房中的恶劣条件，并呼吁更严格地执行安全标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a horrible smell｜难闻的气味",
   "a horrible experience｜糟糕的经历",
   "horrible weather｜恶劣的天气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "horribly (adv.)",
   "horror (n.)",
   "horrify (v.)",
   "horrific (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "awful",
   "terrible",
   "dreadful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lovely",
   "pleasant"
  ],
  "tip": "horrible常指很糟糕；horrific多指骇人、惨烈。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "horrible"
 },
 {
  "w": "extra",
  "uk": "/ˈekstrə/",
  "us": "/ˈekstrə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "额外的；附加的",
    "en": "added to the usual or necessary amount"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "额外地；格外地",
    "en": "more than usual, or in addition to the normal amount"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "额外项目；群众演员",
    "en": "an additional item, or a background actor in a film"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I packed an extra sweater because the evenings get cold.",
    "zh": "我多带了一件毛衣，因为晚上会冷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should provide extra support for students who struggle to access learning materials at home.",
    "zh": "学校应为在家难以获取学习资料的学生提供额外支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "extra time｜额外时间",
   "extra charge｜额外费用",
   "extra care｜格外小心",
   "pay extra｜额外付费"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "additional",
   "supplementary"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词指额外的；pay extra中作副词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "extra"
 },
 {
  "w": "against",
  "uk": "/əˈɡenst/",
  "us": "/əˈɡenst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "反对；与……对抗",
    "en": "Opposing someone or something, or competing with them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "靠着；紧贴",
    "en": "Touching or supported by a surface."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "防备；抵御",
    "en": "For protection from something harmful or unwanted."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our team is playing against the neighbours this afternoon.",
    "zh": "今天下午我们队要和邻居们比赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some residents are against airport expansion because they fear increased noise and damage to nearby habitats.",
    "zh": "一些居民反对机场扩建，因为他们担心噪声增加以及附近栖息地遭到破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vote against｜投票反对",
   "lean against｜倚靠",
   "protect against｜防护；抵御",
   "against the law｜违法"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "against是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "against"
 },
 {
  "w": "smartphone",
  "uk": "/ˈsmɑːtfəʊn/",
  "us": "/ˈsmɑːrtfoʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "智能手机",
    "en": "A mobile phone with internet access and computer-like functions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I used my smartphone to photograph the evening sky.",
    "zh": "我用智能手机拍下了傍晚的天空。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although smartphones provide convenient access to information, excessive use may disrupt sleep and reduce concentration.",
    "zh": "虽然智能手机让获取信息更加方便，但过度使用可能干扰睡眠并降低专注力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "smartphone app｜智能手机应用",
   "smartphone user｜智能手机用户",
   "smartphone addiction｜智能手机成瘾"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "smartphone是可数名词，通常写成一个词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "smartphone"
 },
 {
  "w": "exact",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzækt/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "精确的；确切的",
    "en": "Correct in every detail, without any difference or error."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "强求；索取",
    "en": "Demand and obtain something, often through authority or force."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you tell me the exact time we should arrive?",
    "zh": "你能告诉我我们应该到达的确切时间吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers need exact measurements to determine whether changes in air quality are linked to new transport policies.",
    "zh": "研究人员需要精确的测量数据，以判断空气质量变化是否与新的交通政策有关。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exact location｜确切位置",
   "exact amount｜准确数量",
   "exact copy｜完全相同的复制品",
   "exact a heavy toll｜造成惨重损失"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exactly (adv.)",
   "exactness (n.)",
   "inexact (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "precise",
   "accurate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inexact",
   "approximate"
  ],
  "tip": "exact强调分毫不差；副词形式为exactly。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exact"
 },
 {
  "w": "photocopy",
  "uk": "/ˈfəʊtəʊkɒpi/",
  "us": "/ˈfoʊtoʊkɑːpi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "复印件",
    "en": "A paper copy of a document made using a machine."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "复印",
    "en": "To make a paper copy of a document using a machine."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please bring a photocopy of your passport tomorrow.",
    "zh": "请明天带一份你的护照复印件来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should keep a photocopy of important application documents in case the originals are lost.",
    "zh": "学生应保留重要申请文件的复印件，以防原件丢失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a photocopy｜制作复印件",
   "a photocopy of a document｜文件复印件",
   "photocopy a form｜复印表格"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "photocopier (n.)",
   "photocopying (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "copy"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既作名词也作动词；复数和三单均为photocopies。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "photocopy"
 },
 {
  "w": "smoking",
  "uk": "/ˈsməʊkɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈsmoʊkɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "吸烟",
    "en": "The activity or habit of breathing in smoke from tobacco."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle gave up smoking and now enjoys long walks.",
    "zh": "我叔叔戒了烟，现在很喜欢长距离散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Banning smoking in public buildings can protect workers and visitors from the harmful effects of tobacco smoke.",
    "zh": "禁止在公共建筑内吸烟可以保护工作人员和访客免受烟草烟雾的危害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "give up smoking｜戒烟",
   "passive smoking｜被动吸烟",
   "smoking ban｜禁烟令"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "smoke (v.)",
   "smoker (n.)",
   "smoky (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示吸烟活动时不可数；戒烟可用give up smoking。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "smoking"
 },
 {
  "w": "guy",
  "uk": "/ɡaɪ/",
  "us": "/ɡaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男人；小伙子",
    "en": "An informal word for a man."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The guy next door helped carry my groceries.",
    "zh": "隔壁那位小伙子帮我提了买回来的东西。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Calling a colleague a guy may sound friendly, but informal vocabulary is usually inappropriate in academic writing.",
    "zh": "称同事为guy可能显得亲切，但非正式词汇通常不适合学术写作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a nice guy｜友善的男人",
   "a young guy｜年轻小伙子",
   "a regular guy｜普通人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "man",
   "fellow"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "guy属口语；正式写作通常用man或person。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "guy"
 },
 {
  "w": "compare",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpeə/",
  "us": "/kəmˈper/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "比较；对比",
    "en": "To examine things to find similarities and differences."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把……比作",
    "en": "To describe something as similar to another thing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "比得上；可相比",
    "en": "To be as good as, or similar to, something else."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We compared several backpacks before choosing the lightest one.",
    "zh": "我们比较了几个背包，最后选了最轻的那个。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should compare the long-term costs of renewable energy with those of traditional power sources.",
    "zh": "研究人员应比较可再生能源与传统能源的长期成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "compare prices｜比较价格",
   "compare A with B｜将A与B比较",
   "compare A to B｜将A比作B；比较A和B",
   "compare favourably with｜比起来不逊于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "comparison (n.)",
   "comparable (adj.)",
   "comparative (adj.)",
   "comparatively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "liken"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比较可用with或to；表示比喻时通常用to。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "compare"
 },
 {
  "w": "coloured",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌləd/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌlərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有颜色的；着色的",
    "en": "Having a particular colour or colours rather than being plain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sunlight streamed through the coloured glass onto the floor.",
    "zh": "阳光透过彩色玻璃洒在地板上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can use coloured blocks to help young children recognise patterns and develop basic mathematical skills.",
    "zh": "教师可以用彩色积木帮助幼儿识别规律，培养基本数学技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "coloured glass｜彩色玻璃",
   "coloured pencils｜彩色铅笔",
   "brightly coloured｜色彩鲜艳的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "colour (n.)",
   "colour (v.)",
   "colourful (adj.)",
   "colourless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "colourless"
  ],
  "tip": "英式coloured，美式colored；避免用于泛指族群。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "用于泛指有色人种时通常过时且冒犯；部分地区有特定身份用法。",
  "id": "coloured"
 },
 {
  "w": "suitcase",
  "uk": "/ˈsuːtkeɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈsuːtkeɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手提箱；行李箱",
    "en": "A case with a handle for carrying clothes when travelling."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her suitcase was too heavy to lift onto the train.",
    "zh": "她的行李箱太重，搬不上火车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Travellers can reduce transport emissions by packing a lighter suitcase and choosing public transport whenever possible.",
    "zh": "旅客可以通过减轻行李箱的重量，并尽量选择公共交通来减少交通排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pack a suitcase｜收拾行李箱",
   "unpack a suitcase｜打开行李箱取出物品",
   "a wheeled suitcase｜带轮行李箱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "suitcase可数；统称行李的luggage不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suitcase"
 },
 {
  "w": "poster",
  "uk": "/ˈpəʊstə/",
  "us": "/ˈpoʊstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海报；招贴画",
    "en": "A large printed picture or announcement displayed on a surface"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She hung a colourful poster above her desk.",
    "zh": "她在书桌上方挂了一张色彩鲜艳的海报。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-designed poster can encourage people to recycle by presenting environmental messages clearly and attractively.",
    "zh": "设计精良的海报可以清晰而有吸引力地传达环保信息，鼓励人们回收利用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "put up a poster｜张贴海报",
   "design a poster｜设计海报",
   "advertising poster｜广告海报",
   "poster campaign｜海报宣传活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "post (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "poster 是海报；postcard 是明信片，注意区分。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "poster"
 },
 {
  "w": "gift",
  "uk": "/ɡɪft/",
  "us": "/ɡɪft/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "礼物；赠品",
    "en": "Something given freely to another person"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天赋；才能",
    "en": "A natural ability to do something well"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赠送",
    "en": "To give something to someone as a present"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister wrapped the gift in bright yellow paper.",
    "zh": "姐姐用鲜黄色的纸把礼物包了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should nurture each child's gift rather than judge everyone by the same narrow standards.",
    "zh": "学校应培养每个孩子的天赋，而不是用同一套狭隘的标准评判所有人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "birthday gift｜生日礼物",
   "a gift for languages｜语言天赋",
   "gift shop｜礼品店"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gifted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "present",
   "talent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示天赋时常用 a gift for，后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gift"
 },
 {
  "w": "blouse",
  "uk": "/blaʊz/",
  "us": "/blaʊs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女式衬衫",
    "en": "A shirt traditionally worn by women, often made from light fabric"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wore a blue blouse with her favourite grey trousers.",
    "zh": "她穿了一件蓝色女式衬衫，搭配最喜欢的灰色长裤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing a durable blouse rather than a cheaply made alternative may reduce clothing waste over time.",
    "zh": "选择耐穿的女式衬衫而非制作廉价的替代品，长期来看可能减少衣物浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "silk blouse｜丝绸女式衬衫",
   "long-sleeved blouse｜长袖女式衬衫",
   "loose-fitting blouse｜宽松女式衬衫"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指女式衬衫；shirt的适用范围更广。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blouse"
 },
 {
  "w": "detail",
  "uk": "/ˈdiːteɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈdiːteɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "细节；具体信息",
    "en": "a small fact or feature of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "详尽程度",
    "en": "the amount of specific information provided"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "详细说明",
    "en": "to describe something fully, including specific facts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please check every detail before you send the invitation.",
    "zh": "发送邀请前，请核对每一处细节。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The report details how improved housing conditions can reduce health inequalities among families in urban areas.",
    "zh": "该报告详细说明了改善住房条件如何减少城市家庭之间的健康差距。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in detail｜详细地",
   "pay attention to detail｜注重细节",
   "contact details｜联系方式",
   "further details｜更多具体信息"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "detailed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "particular"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in detail不用复数；联系方式用contact details。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "detail"
 },
 {
  "w": "perhaps",
  "uk": "/pəˈhæps/",
  "us": "/pərˈhæps/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "也许；可能",
    "en": "Used when something is possible but not certain."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "或许（委婉建议或请求）",
    "en": "Used to make a suggestion or request sound less direct."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Perhaps we should take an umbrella; those clouds look dark.",
    "zh": "也许我们该带把伞，那些云看起来很阴沉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Perhaps governments could encourage healthier diets by making fresh produce more affordable for low-income households.",
    "zh": "政府或许可以让低收入家庭更买得起新鲜农产品，以鼓励更健康的饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "perhaps not｜也许不是",
   "perhaps the best｜或许是最好的",
   "perhaps we could｜或许我们可以"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "maybe",
   "possibly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "perhaps比maybe略正式，可放句首使建议更委婉。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "perhaps"
 },
 {
  "w": "bakery",
  "uk": "/ˈbeɪkəri/",
  "us": "/ˈbeɪkəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "面包店；烘焙坊",
    "en": "a place where bread and cakes are made or sold"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery near our house sells warm bread every morning.",
    "zh": "我们家附近的面包店每天早上都卖热乎乎的面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses such as bakeries provide local employment and help maintain vibrant neighbourhood shopping areas.",
    "zh": "面包店等小企业提供本地就业岗位，也有助于保持社区商业区的活力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local bakery｜本地面包店",
   "bakery owner｜面包店店主",
   "bakery products｜烘焙食品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bake (v.)",
   "baker (n.)",
   "baking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bakery指店铺或制作场所；烘焙食品用baked goods。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bakery"
 },
 {
  "w": "serve",
  "uk": "/sɜːv/",
  "us": "/sɝːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "端上；供应；接待",
    "en": "To give food or drink, or assist customers."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为……服务；履行职责",
    "en": "To work for people, an organisation, or your country."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用作；起……作用",
    "en": "To be used for a particular purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This little café serves fresh soup with warm bread.",
    "zh": "这家小咖啡馆供应新鲜的汤和温热的面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries serve as community spaces where residents can access information, attend workshops, and meet other learners.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆是社区活动空间，居民可以在那里获取信息、参加工作坊并结识其他学习者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "serve a meal｜上餐",
   "serve customers｜接待顾客",
   "serve the community｜服务社区",
   "serve as｜用作；充当"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "service (n.)",
   "server (n.)",
   "serving (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "serve as后接角色或用途；serve for不这样用。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "serve"
 },
 {
  "w": "neighbour",
  "uk": "/ˈneɪbə/",
  "us": "/ˈneɪbɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "邻居；邻近的人或事物",
    "en": "someone living nearby, or something located next to another"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbour watered the plants while we were away.",
    "zh": "我们不在家时，邻居帮忙给植物浇了水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shared gardens can strengthen relationships between neighbours and create a greater sense of belonging in urban communities.",
    "zh": "共享花园可以增进邻里关系，增强城市社区居民的归属感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "next-door neighbour｜隔壁邻居",
   "close neighbours｜近邻",
   "neighbouring countries｜邻国"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "neighbourhood (n.)",
   "neighbouring (adj.)",
   "neighbourly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写neighbour，美式拼写neighbor。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "neighbour"
 },
 {
  "w": "click",
  "uk": "/klɪk/",
  "us": "/klɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "点击",
    "en": "to press a mouse button or select something on screen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "咔嗒声；点击",
    "en": "a short sharp sound, or an action selecting something onscreen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "突然明白；恍然大悟",
    "en": "to suddenly become clear or understood"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Click on the picture to see a larger version.",
    "zh": "点击图片即可查看大图。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should check whether a website is trustworthy before they click on links or share personal information.",
    "zh": "学生在点击链接或分享个人信息前，应检查网站是否可信。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "click on a link｜点击链接",
   "a mouse click｜一次鼠标点击",
   "a sharp click｜清脆的咔嗒声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clickable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "点击链接常用click on；it clicked可指突然想通了。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "click"
 },
 {
  "w": "jog",
  "uk": "/dʒɒɡ/",
  "us": "/dʒɑːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "慢跑",
    "en": "To run slowly and steadily, usually for exercise."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "慢跑",
    "en": "A period of slow, steady running."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "轻碰；轻撞",
    "en": "To knock or push something slightly, often accidentally."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We jog around the park before breakfast every morning.",
    "zh": "我们每天早饭前都绕着公园慢跑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who jog regularly may improve their cardiovascular health without needing expensive equipment or gym memberships.",
    "zh": "经常慢跑的人无需昂贵的器材或健身房会员资格，也能改善心血管健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go for a jog｜去慢跑",
   "jog along｜沿着……慢跑",
   "jog someone's memory｜唤起某人的记忆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jogger (n.)",
   "jogging (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "jog someone's memory意为“唤起某人的记忆”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jog"
 },
 {
  "w": "least",
  "uk": "/liːst/",
  "us": "/liːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "最少的；最小量的",
    "en": "the smallest amount of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "最少；程度最低",
    "en": "to the smallest degree or extent"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "最少量；最小程度",
    "en": "the smallest amount or degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This soup needs the least salt of all.",
    "zh": "这些汤里，这道汤需要的盐最少。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport often causes the least pollution per passenger when compared with private car travel.",
    "zh": "与私家车出行相比，公共交通的人均污染通常最少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at least｜至少",
   "the least expensive｜最便宜的",
   "least of all｜最不；尤其不"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "little (det.)",
   "less (det.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "most"
  ],
  "tip": "least是little的最高级；修饰可数名词用fewest。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "least"
 },
 {
  "w": "microwave",
  "uk": "/ˈmaɪkrəweɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈmaɪkroʊweɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "微波炉",
    "en": "An electric oven that heats food using electromagnetic waves"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用微波炉加热或烹调",
    "en": "To cook or heat food in a microwave oven"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "微波",
    "en": "A short electromagnetic wave used for heating and communication"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I heated yesterday's soup in the microwave for lunch.",
    "zh": "我用微波炉热了昨天的汤，当作午餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using a microwave to reheat small portions can consume less energy than using a conventional oven.",
    "zh": "用微波炉加热少量食物，比使用普通烤箱可能更节能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "microwave oven｜微波炉",
   "microwave food｜用微波炉加热食物",
   "microwave radiation｜微波辐射"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词可直接接食物：microwave the soup。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "microwave"
 },
 {
  "w": "butterfly",
  "uk": "/ˈbʌtəflaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈbʌtərflaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蝴蝶",
    "en": "An insect with broad, often colourful wings and a thin body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蝶泳",
    "en": "A swimming stroke with both arms moving forward together above water."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A yellow butterfly landed gently on my sleeve.",
    "zh": "一只黄色蝴蝶轻轻落在我的袖子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting native flowers in urban gardens can support butterfly populations and contribute to greater local biodiversity.",
    "zh": "在城市花园中种植本地花卉可以帮助维持蝴蝶种群，并提升当地的生物多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "butterfly wings｜蝴蝶翅膀",
   "butterfly species｜蝴蝶物种",
   "swim butterfly｜游蝶泳"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为butterflies；蝶泳义通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "butterfly"
 },
 {
  "w": "Canadian",
  "uk": "/kəˈneɪdiən/",
  "us": "/kəˈneɪdiən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "加拿大的；加拿大人的",
    "en": "relating to Canada, its people, or its culture"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "加拿大人",
    "en": "a person from Canada"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our Canadian neighbour invited us over for dinner yesterday.",
    "zh": "我们的加拿大邻居昨天邀请我们去他家吃晚饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Canadian cities face challenges in providing affordable housing while accommodating population growth and protecting green spaces.",
    "zh": "加拿大城市面临着提供可负担住房、容纳增长人口以及保护绿地的多重挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Canadian culture｜加拿大文化",
   "Canadian citizens｜加拿大公民",
   "Canadian dollars｜加拿大元"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Canada (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "国籍词首字母大写；名词复数为Canadians。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "canadian"
 },
 {
  "w": "congratulations",
  "uk": "/kənˌɡrætʃəˈleɪʃənz/",
  "us": "/kənˌɡrætʃəˈleɪʃənz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "祝贺；贺词",
    "en": "words expressing pleasure at someone's success or good fortune"
   },
   {
    "pos": "int.",
    "zh": "恭喜！",
    "en": "said to show happiness about someone's achievement or good news"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Congratulations on passing your driving test this morning!",
    "zh": "恭喜你今天上午通过了驾照考试！"
   },
   {
    "en": "The research team received congratulations from colleagues after winning an international award for environmental innovation.",
    "zh": "研究团队获得国际环境创新奖后，收到了同事们的祝贺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "congratulations on your success｜祝贺你成功",
   "offer congratulations｜表示祝贺",
   "warm congratulations｜热烈祝贺"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "congratulate (v.)",
   "congratulation (n.)",
   "congratulatory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "祝贺通常用复数；congratulations on后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "congratulations"
 },
 {
  "w": "reach",
  "uk": "/riːtʃ/",
  "us": "/riːtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "到达；达到",
    "en": "to arrive at a place or achieve a particular level"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "伸手；够到",
    "en": "to stretch out your arm towards something or touch it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可及范围；影响范围",
    "en": "the distance or extent over which something can act"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We reached the station just before the rain started.",
    "zh": "我们刚到车站，雨就下起来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must invest in public transport if they hope to reach their targets for reducing urban emissions.",
    "zh": "政府若希望达到减少城市排放的目标，就必须投资公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reach a destination｜到达目的地",
   "reach an agreement｜达成协议",
   "reach for something｜伸手拿某物",
   "out of reach｜够不着"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reachable (adj.)",
   "unreachable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "arrive",
   "attain"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示到达时直接接地点：reach the station，不加at。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reach"
 },
 {
  "w": "neck",
  "uk": "/nek/",
  "us": "/nek/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脖子；颈部",
    "en": "the body part connecting the head to the shoulders"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瓶颈；狭长部分",
    "en": "a narrow part of an object, such as a bottle"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He wrapped a warm scarf around his neck.",
    "zh": "他在脖子上围了一条暖和的围巾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Office workers may experience neck pain if their computer screens are positioned at an unsuitable height.",
    "zh": "如果电脑屏幕的高度不合适，办公室职员可能会感到颈部疼痛。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "neck pain｜颈部疼痛",
   "a stiff neck｜脖子僵硬",
   "the neck of a bottle｜瓶颈"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "neck指脖子；throat指喉咙，勿混用。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "neck"
 },
 {
  "w": "car park",
  "uk": "/ˈkɑː pɑːk/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːr pɑːrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "停车场",
    "en": "An area or building where cars can be parked."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a space in the station car park.",
    "zh": "我们在车站停车场找到了一个车位。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing an underused car park with green space could improve the quality of life for nearby residents.",
    "zh": "将利用率低的停车场改为绿地，可以提升附近居民的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "multi-storey car park｜多层停车场",
   "underground car park｜地下停车场",
   "car park entrance｜停车场入口"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "parking lot"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常用car park；美式露天停车场常叫parking lot。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "拼写规范化：名词通常写作car park，不加连字符。",
  "id": "car-park"
 },
 {
  "w": "lamp",
  "uk": "/læmp/",
  "us": "/læmp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灯",
    "en": "A device that produces light, often on a table."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She switched on the lamp beside her bed.",
    "zh": "她打开了床边的灯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using an adjustable desk lamp can improve comfort for students who study in poorly lit rooms.",
    "zh": "对于在光线不足的房间里学习的学生，使用可调节台灯可以提高舒适度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "desk lamp｜书桌台灯",
   "bedside lamp｜床头灯",
   "floor lamp｜落地灯",
   "switch on a lamp｜开灯"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lamp指灯具；light也可指光或光线。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lamp"
 },
 {
  "w": "grape",
  "uk": "/ɡreɪp/",
  "us": "/ɡreɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "葡萄",
    "en": "A small round fruit growing in bunches on vines."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She packed some grapes in my lunch box.",
    "zh": "她在我的午餐盒里装了一些葡萄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers growing grapes may need more efficient irrigation systems as summers become hotter and drier.",
    "zh": "随着夏季变得更炎热、更干燥，葡萄种植者可能需要更高效的灌溉系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bunch of grapes｜一串葡萄",
   "seedless grapes｜无籽葡萄",
   "grape juice｜葡萄汁"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单颗葡萄用a grape，一串用a bunch of grapes。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grape"
 },
 {
  "w": "pan",
  "uk": "/pæn/",
  "us": "/pæn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "平底锅；烤盘",
    "en": "a metal container used for cooking or baking food"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "严厉批评",
    "en": "to criticize a performance, book, or film very harshly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "摇摄；转动镜头",
    "en": "to turn a camera slowly across a scene"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heat the oil in a pan before adding onions.",
    "zh": "先把锅里的油烧热，再放入洋葱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Television chefs can encourage healthier eating by demonstrating how to prepare nutritious meals using a single pan.",
    "zh": "电视厨师可以通过演示如何用一口锅烹制营养餐，来鼓励更健康的饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "frying pan｜煎锅",
   "baking pan｜烤盘",
   "be panned by critics｜受到评论家的严厉批评",
   "pan across a scene｜摇摄整个场景"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词时过去式为panned，现在分词为panning。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pan"
 },
 {
  "w": "step",
  "uk": "/step/",
  "us": "/step/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一步；台阶",
    "en": "a foot movement when walking, or a stair surface"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "步骤；措施",
    "en": "one action in a process or towards a goal"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "迈步；踏；踩",
    "en": "to move by lifting and placing your foot"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Take one step forward and close the door.",
    "zh": "向前迈一步，把门关上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving public transport is an important step towards reducing traffic congestion and air pollution in cities.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通是减少城市交通拥堵和空气污染的重要一步。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a step｜迈一步；采取措施",
   "step by step｜逐步地",
   "take steps to｜采取措施以",
   "step on｜踩到"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "take steps to do sth表示“采取措施做某事”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "step"
 },
 {
  "w": "foggy",
  "uk": "/ˈfɒɡi/",
  "us": "/ˈfɑːɡi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有雾的；雾蒙蒙的",
    "en": "filled with fog, making things difficult to see"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "模糊的；迷糊的",
    "en": "unclear or difficult to remember or understand"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The road was so foggy that we drove slowly.",
    "zh": "路上雾很大，我们只好慢慢开车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Foggy conditions can disrupt air travel, causing delays that affect both passengers and airport operations.",
    "zh": "大雾天气可能扰乱航空出行，造成延误，影响乘客和机场运营。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "foggy weather｜雾天",
   "a foggy morning｜雾蒙蒙的早晨",
   "foggy conditions｜大雾天气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fog (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "misty",
   "hazy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "clear"
  ],
  "tip": "foggy既可形容天气，也可形容记忆模糊。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "foggy"
 },
 {
  "w": "double",
  "uk": "/ˈdʌbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈdʌbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "两倍的；双份的",
    "en": "twice the usual amount, size, or quantity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "加倍；使翻倍",
    "en": "become twice as much, or make something twice as much"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "两倍；双倍量",
    "en": "an amount that is twice as large as another"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I ordered a double portion of rice for lunch.",
    "zh": "我午饭点了双份米饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The city plans to double its investment in cycling infrastructure to reduce traffic congestion.",
    "zh": "该市计划将自行车基础设施投资增加一倍，以缓解交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "double the amount｜两倍的量",
   "double in size｜规模扩大一倍",
   "double check｜仔细复核",
   "double room｜双人房"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "doubly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "twofold"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "single",
   "halve"
  ],
  "tip": "double表示变为原来的两倍，即增加一倍。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "double"
 },
 {
  "w": "carpet",
  "uk": "/ˈkɑːpɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːrpɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地毯",
    "en": "A thick woven covering for a floor."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sat on the carpet and played cards.",
    "zh": "我们坐在地毯上打牌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing carpet in classrooms can reduce noise, although regular cleaning is necessary to maintain good hygiene.",
    "zh": "在教室里铺地毯可以降低噪声，但需要定期清洁以保持良好卫生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lay a carpet｜铺地毯",
   "fitted carpet｜满铺地毯",
   "carpet cleaning｜地毯清洁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "carpeted (adj.)",
   "carpeting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "carpet常指大面积地毯；rug多指可移动的小块地毯。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "carpet"
 },
 {
  "w": "twin",
  "uk": "/twɪn/",
  "us": "/twɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "双胞胎之一",
    "en": "One of two children born to the same mother together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "成对的；双胞胎的",
    "en": "Forming a matching pair, or relating to twins."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My twin and I share a love of swimming.",
    "zh": "我的双胞胎手足和我都喜欢游泳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studies involving identical twins help researchers understand how genes and environment influence human development.",
    "zh": "涉及同卵双胞胎的研究有助于研究人员了解基因和环境如何影响人的发育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "identical twins｜同卵双胞胎",
   "twin sister｜双胞胎姐妹",
   "twin beds｜两张单人床"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a twin指双胞胎中的一人；twins指两人。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "twin"
 },
 {
  "w": "through",
  "uk": "/θruː/",
  "us": "/θruː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "穿过；贯穿",
    "en": "From one side or end to the other, within something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "通过；凭借",
    "en": "By using a particular method, person, or process."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "从头到尾；通过",
    "en": "From beginning to end, or from one side to another."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sunlight streamed through the curtains and warmed the room.",
    "zh": "阳光透过窗帘洒进来，让房间暖和起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students can develop practical skills through projects that require cooperation and creative problem solving.",
    "zh": "学生可以通过需要合作和创造性解决问题的项目来培养实践技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "walk through｜穿过",
   "through experience｜通过经验",
   "read through｜通读",
   "all through the night｜整夜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "through强调从内部穿过；across强调横越表面。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "through"
 },
 {
  "w": "equipment",
  "uk": "/ɪˈkwɪpmənt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈkwɪpmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "设备；器材；装备",
    "en": "the tools and other items needed for a particular activity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please put the camping equipment back in the garage.",
    "zh": "请把露营装备放回车库。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools need suitable laboratory equipment to give students practical experience and encourage an interest in science.",
    "zh": "学校需要合适的实验室设备，让学生获得实践经验并培养科学兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sports equipment｜体育器材",
   "medical equipment｜医疗设备",
   "safety equipment｜安全装备",
   "a piece of equipment｜一件设备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "equip (v.)",
   "equipped (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gear"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；一件设备说a piece of equipment。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "equipment"
 },
 {
  "w": "trouble",
  "uk": "/ˈtrʌbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtrʌbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "麻烦；困难；故障",
    "en": "problems or difficulties that cause worry or inconvenience"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使烦恼；麻烦",
    "en": "to cause someone worry or ask them for help"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had trouble opening the stiff kitchen window.",
    "zh": "厨房的窗户很紧，我们费了好大劲才打开。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many older adults have trouble accessing public services that are available only through digital platforms.",
    "zh": "许多老年人难以使用那些仅通过数字平台提供的公共服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have trouble doing something｜做某事有困难",
   "get into trouble｜惹上麻烦",
   "engine trouble｜发动机故障",
   "take the trouble to do something｜费心做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "troubled (adj.)",
   "troubling (adj.)",
   "troublesome (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "difficulty",
   "problem"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示做某事有困难，用have trouble doing。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trouble"
 },
 {
  "w": "glue",
  "uk": "/ɡluː/",
  "us": "/ɡluː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胶；胶水",
    "en": "a sticky substance used to join things together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用胶粘合",
    "en": "to join things together using glue"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Use a little glue to fix the paper wing.",
    "zh": "用一点胶水把纸翅膀粘好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some packaging contains layers joined with glue, which can make the materials more difficult to recycle.",
    "zh": "有些包装的各层材料用胶粘合，这可能增加回收难度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "glue stick｜固体胶棒",
   "wood glue｜木工胶",
   "glue together｜粘在一起",
   "be glued to a screen｜盯着屏幕看"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "adhesive"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词通常不可数；be glued to可指目不转睛地看。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glue"
 },
 {
  "w": "argue",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːɡjuː/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːrɡjuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "争吵；争论",
    "en": "To disagree with someone, often in an angry way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "论证；主张",
    "en": "To give reasons supporting an opinion or position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children argued about whose turn it was to play.",
    "zh": "孩子们为轮到谁玩而争吵。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some researchers argue that affordable public transport is essential for reducing inequality in large cities.",
    "zh": "一些研究者认为，价格可负担的公共交通对于减少大城市中的不平等至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "argue with someone｜与某人争论",
   "argue about something｜就某事争论",
   "argue that｜主张……",
   "argue for｜据理支持"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "argument (n.)",
   "arguable (adj.)",
   "arguably (adv.)",
   "argumentative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "quarrel",
   "contend"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "agree"
  ],
  "tip": "argue that常用于议论文，表示提出有理由的主张。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "argue"
 },
 {
  "w": "safe",
  "uk": "/seɪf/",
  "us": "/seɪf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "安全的；无危险的",
    "en": "Protected from danger or unlikely to cause harm."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "稳妥的；风险小的",
    "en": "Unlikely to fail or lead to loss."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保险箱",
    "en": "A strong locked container for money and valuable objects."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your bike is safe inside our locked garage.",
    "zh": "你的自行车放在我们锁好的车库里很安全。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should ensure that all communities have access to safe drinking water and reliable sanitation.",
    "zh": "政府应确保所有社区都能获得安全饮用水和可靠的卫生设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "safe and sound｜安然无恙",
   "safe drinking water｜安全饮用水",
   "a safe investment｜稳妥的投资",
   "keep someone safe｜保护某人安全"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "safety (n.)",
   "safely (adv.)",
   "unsafe (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "secure"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dangerous",
   "unsafe"
  ],
  "tip": "safe是形容词，safety是名词；注意词性区别。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "safe"
 },
 {
  "w": "tasty",
  "uk": "/ˈteɪsti/",
  "us": "/ˈteɪsti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "美味的；可口的",
    "en": "having a pleasant flavour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This tasty soup is perfect for a cold evening.",
    "zh": "这道美味的汤很适合寒冷的夜晚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School canteens can encourage healthier eating by offering tasty meals made with fresh vegetables and whole grains.",
    "zh": "学校食堂可以提供用新鲜蔬菜和全谷物制作的美味餐食，鼓励更健康的饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tasty meal｜美味的饭菜",
   "tasty snack｜可口的小吃",
   "tasty dish｜美味的菜肴"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "taste (n.)",
   "taste (v.)",
   "tasteless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "delicious",
   "flavoursome"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tasteless",
   "unpalatable"
  ],
  "tip": "tasty指食物美味；tasteful指有品位。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tasty"
 },
 {
  "w": "behaviour",
  "uk": "/bɪˈheɪvjə/",
  "us": "/bɪˈheɪvjər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行为；举止",
    "en": "The way a person or animal acts."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运行方式；反应特性",
    "en": "The way something functions or reacts under particular conditions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puppy's calm behaviour surprised everyone at the park.",
    "zh": "小狗温顺的表现让公园里的每个人都感到意外。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage positive behaviour by establishing clear expectations and recognising students' efforts to cooperate.",
    "zh": "学校可以通过明确要求并肯定学生的合作努力，鼓励良好行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "good behaviour｜良好行为",
   "consumer behaviour｜消费者行为",
   "animal behaviour｜动物行为",
   "behaviour patterns｜行为模式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "behave (v.)",
   "behavioural (adj.)",
   "misbehave (v.)",
   "misbehaviour (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "conduct"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；英式拼写behaviour，美式拼写behavior。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "behaviour"
 },
 {
  "w": "stamp",
  "uk": "/stæmp/",
  "us": "/stæmp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "邮票",
    "en": "A small official sticker showing that postage has been paid."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "印章；印记",
    "en": "A tool that presses a mark, or the mark it leaves."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "盖章；跺脚",
    "en": "Press a mark onto something, or bring a foot down hard."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She put a stamp on the envelope before leaving.",
    "zh": "她出门前在信封上贴了一张邮票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although digital communication has reduced letter writing, collecting stamps remains a way to explore history and culture.",
    "zh": "尽管数字通信减少了书信往来，集邮仍是一种探索历史与文化的方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "postage stamp｜邮票",
   "collect stamps｜集邮",
   "stamp a passport｜在护照上盖章",
   "stamp your feet｜跺脚"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "邮票用a stamp；“在信封上贴邮票”用put a stamp on。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stamp"
 },
 {
  "w": "unfortunately",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈfɔːtʃənətli/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈfɔːrtʃənətli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "不幸的是；遗憾的是",
    "en": "used to say that something is disappointing or unlucky"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Unfortunately, the bakery had sold out of fresh bread.",
    "zh": "遗憾的是，面包店的新鲜面包已经卖完了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unfortunately, many rural schools lack the resources needed to provide students with reliable internet access.",
    "zh": "遗憾的是，许多乡村学校缺乏为学生提供可靠网络连接所需的资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unfortunately for someone｜对某人来说不幸的是",
   "unfortunately not｜遗憾的是并非如此"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fortunate (adj.)",
   "unfortunate (adj.)",
   "fortunately (adv.)",
   "fortune (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "regrettably",
   "sadly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fortunately"
  ],
  "tip": "常置于句首并加逗号，对整件事表示遗憾。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unfortunately"
 },
 {
  "w": "usual",
  "uk": "/ˈjuːʒuəl/",
  "us": "/ˈjuːʒuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "通常的；惯常的",
    "en": "happening or done most often in a particular situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our usual table by the window was already taken.",
    "zh": "我们平时坐的窗边那张桌子已经有人了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Working from home has become the usual arrangement for some employees in the technology sector.",
    "zh": "对科技行业的一些员工来说，居家办公已成为常规安排。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "as usual｜像往常一样",
   "the usual routine｜惯常的生活规律",
   "than usual｜比平时"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "usually (adv.)",
   "unusual (adj.)",
   "unusually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "normal",
   "customary"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unusual"
  ],
  "tip": "as usual意为“照常”；than usual意为“比平时”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "usual"
 },
 {
  "w": "method",
  "uk": "/ˈmeθəd/",
  "us": "/ˈmeθəd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方法；办法",
    "en": "A particular way of doing something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "条理；系统性",
    "en": "An organized and systematic approach to an activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This method keeps my herbs fresh for several days.",
    "zh": "这个方法能让我的香草保鲜好几天。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should adapt their teaching methods to meet the varied needs of students in mixed-ability classrooms.",
    "zh": "教师应调整教学方法，以满足能力水平不同的学生的多样化需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "teaching method｜教学方法",
   "research method｜研究方法",
   "method of payment｜付款方式",
   "effective method｜有效方法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "methodical (adj.)",
   "methodically (adv.)",
   "methodology (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "technique",
   "approach"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用a method of/for doing sth表示做事的方法。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "method"
 },
 {
  "w": "square",
  "uk": "/skweə/",
  "us": "/skwer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "正方形",
    "en": "a shape with four equal sides and four right angles"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "广场",
    "en": "an open public area surrounded by buildings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "正方形的；平方的",
    "en": "shaped like a square, or expressing area in squared units"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fold the paper into a square before cutting it.",
    "zh": "先把纸折成正方形，再剪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Creating a public square can encourage social interaction and provide space for cultural events in crowded cities.",
    "zh": "在拥挤的城市中，建设公共广场可以促进社交互动，并为文化活动提供空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "town square｜城镇广场",
   "square metre｜平方米",
   "square root｜平方根",
   "square table｜方桌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "squarely (adv.)",
   "squared (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "面积用square metres；长度用metres，勿混淆。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "square"
 },
 {
  "w": "bottom",
  "uk": "/ˈbɒtəm/",
  "us": "/ˈbɑːtəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "底部；最下端",
    "en": "The lowest part of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "臀部",
    "en": "The part of your body that you sit on."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最下面的",
    "en": "In the lowest position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My keys were at the bottom of my bag.",
    "zh": "我的钥匙在包的最底下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Waste often collects at the bottom of rivers, damaging habitats and threatening aquatic life.",
    "zh": "废弃物经常堆积在河底，破坏栖息地并威胁水生生物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at the bottom of｜在……底部",
   "bottom shelf｜最下层架子",
   "from top to bottom｜从上到下"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bottomless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "top"
  ],
  "tip": "在某物底部用at the bottom of。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bottom"
 },
 {
  "w": "crocodile",
  "uk": "/ˈkrɒkədaɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈkrɑːkədaɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鳄鱼",
    "en": "a large reptile with tough skin, long jaws and tail"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a crocodile slide into the river.",
    "zh": "我们看着一条鳄鱼滑入河中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wetland conservation protects crocodile habitats while also supporting the fish and birds that depend on these ecosystems.",
    "zh": "湿地保护既能保护鳄鱼的栖息地，也有利于依赖这些生态系统的鱼类和鸟类。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "crocodile habitat｜鳄鱼栖息地",
   "crocodile eggs｜鳄鱼蛋",
   "crocodile tears｜假慈悲；虚假的眼泪"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "alligator指短吻鳄，与crocodile并非同一种动物。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crocodile"
 },
 {
  "w": "clap",
  "uk": "/klæp/",
  "us": "/klæp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "鼓掌；拍手",
    "en": "To strike your hands together, often to show approval."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拍手声；响亮的短促声",
    "en": "A sudden loud sound, especially from hands striking together."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone clapped when the children finished their song.",
    "zh": "孩子们唱完歌时，大家都鼓起掌来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Audiences often clap after live performances to express appreciation for the skill and effort of the artists.",
    "zh": "现场演出结束后，观众常常鼓掌，以表达对艺术家技艺和付出的赞赏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clap your hands｜拍手",
   "clap along｜跟着节奏拍手",
   "a clap of thunder｜一声霹雳"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clapping (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "applaud"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式clapped；现在分词clapping，双写p。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clap"
 },
 {
  "w": "noon",
  "uk": "/nuːn/",
  "us": "/nuːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "中午；正午",
    "en": "Twelve o'clock in the middle of the day."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Let's meet outside the library at noon tomorrow.",
    "zh": "我们明天中午在图书馆外见吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Outdoor workers should avoid intense physical activity around noon, when temperatures and sunlight can be particularly strong.",
    "zh": "户外工作者应避免在正午前后进行高强度体力活动，此时气温可能很高，阳光也可能特别强烈。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at noon｜在中午",
   "around noon｜中午前后",
   "by noon｜到中午之前"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "midday"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "midnight"
  ],
  "tip": "说at noon，不说in noon；正午是12 p.m.。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "noon"
 },
 {
  "w": "discussion",
  "uk": "/dɪˈskʌʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˈskʌʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "讨论；商讨",
    "en": "An exchange of ideas or opinions about a subject."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "论述；探讨",
    "en": "A detailed examination of a subject in speech or writing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had a lively discussion about our holiday plans.",
    "zh": "我们热烈讨论了度假计划。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public discussion of transport policy can help governments design services that better meet residents' needs.",
    "zh": "对交通政策的公开讨论可以帮助政府设计更符合居民需求的服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have a discussion｜进行讨论",
   "group discussion｜小组讨论",
   "under discussion｜在讨论中",
   "in-depth discussion｜深入探讨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "discuss (v.)",
   "discussant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "conversation",
   "deliberation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词可接about或of；动词discuss后直接接话题。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "discussion"
 },
 {
  "w": "wedding",
  "uk": "/ˈwedɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈwedɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "婚礼",
    "en": "A ceremony in which two people get married."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their wedding took place in a small garden.",
    "zh": "他们的婚礼在一个小花园里举行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wedding traditions often reflect cultural values, although many couples now choose simpler and less expensive celebrations.",
    "zh": "婚礼习俗往往反映文化价值观，不过如今许多新人选择更简单、费用更低的庆祝方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wedding ceremony｜婚礼仪式",
   "wedding reception｜婚宴",
   "wedding anniversary｜结婚纪念日",
   "attend a wedding｜参加婚礼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wed (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wedding指婚礼；marriage指婚姻关系。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wedding"
 },
 {
  "w": "blood",
  "uk": "/blʌd/",
  "us": "/blʌd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "血；血液",
    "en": "the red liquid that carries oxygen around your body"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "血缘；家世",
    "en": "family relationships or origins"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse took some blood from my arm.",
    "zh": "护士从我的手臂抽了一些血。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular physical activity can lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of heart disease.",
    "zh": "经常进行体育活动可以降低血压，并减少患心脏病的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blood pressure｜血压",
   "blood test｜血液检查",
   "donate blood｜献血",
   "blood vessel｜血管"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bloody (adj.)",
   "bloodless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "blood通常不可数；一次验血用a blood test。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blood"
 },
 {
  "w": "wallet",
  "uk": "/ˈwɒlɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈwɑːlɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钱包；皮夹",
    "en": "A small folding case for carrying money and cards."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left my wallet beside the kitchen sink.",
    "zh": "我把钱包落在厨房水槽旁了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As digital payments become more common, fewer consumers need to carry cash in a wallet.",
    "zh": "随着数字支付日益普及，需要在钱包里携带现金的消费者越来越少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "leather wallet｜皮钱包",
   "digital wallet｜数字钱包",
   "lost wallet｜遗失的钱包"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wallet通常指放纸币和卡片的折叠式钱包。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wallet"
 },
 {
  "w": "according",
  "uk": "/əˈkɔː.dɪŋ/",
  "us": "/əˈkɔːr.dɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "phr.",
    "zh": "据……所说；根据",
    "en": "As stated or reported by someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "phr.",
    "zh": "按照；依据",
    "en": "In a way determined by a rule or particular factor"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "According to the forecast, rain will arrive this evening.",
    "zh": "据天气预报，今晚会下雨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public funding should be distributed according to local needs rather than the political influence of individual regions.",
    "zh": "公共资金应按当地需求分配，而不应取决于各地区的政治影响力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "according to research｜根据研究",
   "according to plan｜按计划",
   "according to need｜按需要"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accord (v.)",
   "accordance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常用according to，不单独作形容词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "according"
 },
 {
  "w": "bowling",
  "uk": "/ˈbəʊlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈboʊlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保龄球运动",
    "en": "a game of rolling a heavy ball to knock down pins"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "板球投球",
    "en": "the action of delivering the ball towards a cricket batter"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousins and I went bowling on Saturday.",
    "zh": "星期六，我和表兄弟姐妹一起去打保龄球了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Leisure centres offering activities such as bowling can encourage social interaction among people of different ages.",
    "zh": "提供保龄球等活动的休闲中心能够促进不同年龄人群之间的社交互动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go bowling｜去打保龄球",
   "bowling alley｜保龄球馆",
   "bowling ball｜保龄球",
   "fast bowling｜板球快速投球"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bowl (v.)",
   "bowler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "保龄球运动用go bowling；也可指板球中的投球。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bowling"
 },
 {
  "w": "crowd",
  "uk": "/kraʊd/",
  "us": "/kraʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人群；观众",
    "en": "A large group of people gathered in one place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挤满；聚集",
    "en": "To gather closely together or fill a place with people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A crowd gathered around the musicians in the square.",
    "zh": "一群人聚在广场上的乐手周围。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Large crowds at popular attractions can damage historic sites unless visitor numbers are carefully managed.",
    "zh": "热门景点的大量游客可能破坏历史遗址，除非游客数量得到妥善管理。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a large crowd｜一大群人",
   "attract a crowd｜吸引人群",
   "crowd into｜挤进",
   "crowd control｜人群管控"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crowded (adj.)",
   "crowding (n.)",
   "overcrowded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a crowd of后接复数名词；crowded表示拥挤的。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crowd"
 },
 {
  "w": "oven",
  "uk": "/ˈʌvən/",
  "us": "/ˈʌvən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烤箱；烤炉",
    "en": "an enclosed appliance used to bake or roast food"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bread is still warm from the oven.",
    "zh": "面包刚出烤箱，还热乎着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using an energy-efficient oven can reduce household electricity consumption without changing cooking habits significantly.",
    "zh": "使用节能烤箱可以减少家庭用电量，而不必大幅改变烹饪习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "preheat the oven｜预热烤箱",
   "bake in the oven｜放入烤箱烘烤",
   "oven temperature｜烤箱温度"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "oven指封闭烤箱；炉顶灶具通常叫hob或stove。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oven"
 },
 {
  "w": "worst",
  "uk": "/wɜːst/",
  "us": "/wɝːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最差的；最严重的",
    "en": "Worse than all others in quality, condition, or effect."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "最差地；最严重地",
    "en": "More badly or severely than anyone or anything else."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "最坏的情况；最糟的部分",
    "en": "The most unpleasant situation, outcome, or part."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That was the worst meal I have ever cooked.",
    "zh": "那是我做过的最糟糕的一顿饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The worst effects of air pollution are often experienced by children and older people in densely populated cities.",
    "zh": "在人口密集的城市，儿童和老年人往往受到空气污染最严重的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the worst possible outcome｜最坏的可能结果",
   "at worst｜在最坏的情况下",
   "prepare for the worst｜做最坏的打算",
   "worst affected｜受影响最严重的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bad (adj.)",
   "badly (adv.)",
   "worse (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "best"
  ],
  "tip": "worst是bad和badly的最高级；比较级是worse。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "worst"
 },
 {
  "w": "quietly",
  "uk": "/ˈkwaɪətli/",
  "us": "/ˈkwaɪətli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "轻声地；安静地",
    "en": "with little or no noise"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "悄悄地；不张扬地",
    "en": "without attracting attention or making something widely known"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please close the door quietly; the baby is sleeping.",
    "zh": "请轻轻关门，宝宝正在睡觉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who work quietly in shared study areas help create an environment that supports concentration.",
    "zh": "在公共学习区域安静学习的学生有助于营造利于专注的环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "speak quietly｜轻声说话",
   "sit quietly｜安静地坐着",
   "quietly confident｜自信而不张扬"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "quiet (adj.)",
   "quietness (n.)",
   "quieten (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "softly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "loudly",
   "noisily"
  ],
  "tip": "quietly是副词；注意别与quite（相当）混淆。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quietly"
 },
 {
  "w": "cute",
  "uk": "/kjuːt/",
  "us": "/kjuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可爱的；讨人喜欢的",
    "en": "Attractive in a sweet or charming way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That cute kitten is sleeping inside my slipper.",
    "zh": "那只可爱的小猫正睡在我的拖鞋里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advertisements often feature cute animals to attract attention and create positive feelings towards a product.",
    "zh": "广告常用可爱的动物吸引注意，让人们对产品产生好感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cute baby｜可爱的婴儿",
   "a cute smile｜可爱的笑容",
   "look cute｜看起来可爱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cuteness (n.)",
   "cutely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adorable",
   "sweet"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "偏口语，常形容婴儿、小动物或讨喜的外表。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cute"
 },
 {
  "w": "coach",
  "uk": "/kəʊtʃ/",
  "us": "/koʊtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "教练",
    "en": "someone who trains people to improve their sporting skills"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "长途客车",
    "en": "a comfortable bus used for longer journeys"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "训练；辅导",
    "en": "to train or teach someone to improve particular skills"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our coach showed us how to hold the racket.",
    "zh": "我们的教练示范了如何握球拍。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A skilled coach can help young athletes build confidence while developing healthy attitudes towards competition.",
    "zh": "优秀的教练能帮助年轻运动员建立信心，同时培养他们对竞争的健康态度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sports coach｜体育教练",
   "travel by coach｜乘长途客车出行",
   "coach a team｜训练一支队伍",
   "coach someone for an exam｜辅导某人备考"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coaching (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "trainer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语中coach也指长途客车，bus多指公交车。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coach"
 },
 {
  "w": "engine",
  "uk": "/ˈendʒɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈendʒɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发动机；引擎",
    "en": "a machine that produces power to make something move"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推动力",
    "en": "something that strongly drives growth or change"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专用软件引擎",
    "en": "software that performs a particular core task within a system"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The engine stopped just as we reached the driveway.",
    "zh": "我们刚到车道入口，发动机就熄火了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cleaner engine technology can reduce air pollution, although expanding public transport remains essential for sustainable urban travel.",
    "zh": "更清洁的发动机技术可以减少空气污染，但扩大公共交通仍是实现城市可持续出行的关键。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "start the engine｜启动发动机",
   "jet engine｜喷气发动机",
   "search engine｜搜索引擎",
   "an engine of growth｜增长的推动力"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "motor"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "engine多指燃料发动机；电动机通常用motor。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "engine"
 },
 {
  "w": "law",
  "uk": "/lɔː/",
  "us": "/lɔː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "法律；法规",
    "en": "an official rule, or the system of such rules"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "法学",
    "en": "the study or profession concerned with legal rules"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "定律；规律",
    "en": "a general scientific rule describing how something always behaves"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The law requires drivers to stop at red lights.",
    "zh": "法律要求驾驶员在红灯前停车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should enforce environmental laws consistently to prevent businesses from gaining advantages through harmful practices.",
    "zh": "政府应始终如一地执行环境法律，防止企业通过有害行为获取优势。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "break the law｜违法",
   "enforce the law｜执法",
   "study law｜学习法学",
   "the laws of physics｜物理定律"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lawyer (n.)",
   "lawful (adj.)",
   "unlawful (adj.)",
   "lawless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "具体一条法律可数；法学用不可数的law。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "law"
 },
 {
  "w": "bill",
  "uk": "/bɪl/",
  "us": "/bɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "账单",
    "en": "a written statement of money owed for goods or services"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "法案",
    "en": "a proposed law being considered by a lawmaking body"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钞票",
    "en": "a piece of paper money, especially in American English"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We asked for the bill after finishing our lunch.",
    "zh": "吃完午饭后，我们请服务员拿来账单。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposed bill would require companies to disclose more information about their impact on the environment.",
    "zh": "这项拟议法案将要求企业披露更多有关其环境影响的信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pay a bill｜支付账单",
   "electricity bill｜电费账单",
   "pass a bill｜通过法案",
   "a dollar bill｜一张美元钞票"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "billing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bill是待审议的法案；通过并生效后才成为法律。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bill"
 },
 {
  "w": "should",
  "uk": "/ʃʊd/",
  "us": "/ʃʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "应该；应当",
    "en": "used to give advice or say what is right"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "按理会；应该会",
    "en": "used to say something is expected or likely"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "本应该",
    "en": "used with have to describe an unfulfilled duty or expectation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You should take an umbrella because it looks cloudy.",
    "zh": "你应该带把伞，因为天看起来阴沉沉的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should invest in affordable public transport to reduce congestion and improve urban air quality.",
    "zh": "政府应该投资于价格实惠的公共交通，以缓解拥堵并改善城市空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "should do something｜应该做某事",
   "should have done｜本应该做过",
   "should be able to｜应该能够"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "情态动词，后接动词原形；should have done常指本该做却未做。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "should"
 },
 {
  "w": "environment",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自然环境",
    "en": "The natural world, including land, water, air, and living things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生活或工作环境",
    "en": "The conditions and surroundings in which someone lives or works."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cycle to school to help protect the environment.",
    "zh": "我们骑车上学，为保护环境出一份力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A supportive learning environment can improve students' confidence and encourage them to participate more actively.",
    "zh": "支持性的学习环境能够增强学生的信心，鼓励他们更加积极地参与。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "protect the environment｜保护环境",
   "natural environment｜自然环境",
   "working environment｜工作环境",
   "learning environment｜学习环境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "environmental (adj.)",
   "environmentally (adv.)",
   "environmentalist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "surroundings"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指自然环境常用the environment。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "environment"
 },
 {
  "w": "perfect",
  "uk": "/ˈpɜːfɪkt/",
  "us": "/ˈpɝːfɪkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "完美的；最合适的",
    "en": "without faults, or exactly right for a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使完善；使精通",
    "en": "to improve something until it is as good as possible"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "完成时的",
    "en": "describing verb forms using have with a past participle"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This quiet corner is perfect for reading after lunch.",
    "zh": "这个安静的角落特别适合午饭后看书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although no transport system is perfect, reliable public services can significantly reduce a city's dependence on cars.",
    "zh": "尽管没有完美的交通系统，可靠的公共交通服务仍能显著减少城市对汽车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "perfect timing｜恰到好处的时机",
   "perfect for｜非常适合",
   "perfect a technique｜完善一项技术",
   "present perfect｜现在完成时"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perfection (n.)",
   "perfectly (adv.)",
   "imperfect (adj.)",
   "perfectionist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "flawless",
   "ideal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "imperfect",
   "flawed"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词重音在前；动词读/pəˈfekt/（英）。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "perfect"
 },
 {
  "w": "southwest",
  "uk": "/ˌsaʊθˈwest/",
  "us": "/ˌsaʊθˈwest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "西南方；西南部",
    "en": "the direction between south and west, or an area's southwestern part"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "西南的；来自西南的",
    "en": "in the southwest, or coming from that direction"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向西南；在西南",
    "en": "towards or in the direction between south and west"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our village lies southwest of the nearest town.",
    "zh": "我们的村庄位于最近那座城镇的西南方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The southwest of the country attracts visitors because of its mild climate and varied coastal landscapes.",
    "zh": "该国西南部因气候温和、海岸景观多样而吸引游客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the southwest｜在西南部",
   "southwest of｜在……西南方",
   "head southwest｜向西南行进",
   "southwest coast｜西南海岸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "southwestern (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "northeast"
  ],
  "tip": "英国英语也常写作south-west。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "southwest"
 },
 {
  "w": "weekly",
  "uk": "/ˈwiːkli/",
  "us": "/ˈwiːkli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "每周的；每周一次的",
    "en": "Happening once a week or relating to one week"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "每周一次地",
    "en": "Once every week"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "周刊；周报",
    "en": "A newspaper or magazine published once a week"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our weekly shopping trip usually ends at the bakery.",
    "zh": "我们每周的购物之行通常以去面包店收尾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Weekly exercise classes at community centres can help older residents stay active and build social connections.",
    "zh": "社区中心每周开设的健身课可以帮助老年居民保持活力并建立社交联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a weekly meeting｜每周例会",
   "weekly earnings｜周收入",
   "published weekly｜每周出版"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "week (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可作形容词也可作副词：a weekly meeting；meet weekly。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "weekly"
 },
 {
  "w": "kill",
  "uk": "/kɪl/",
  "us": "/kɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "杀死；使死亡",
    "en": "To cause a person, animal, or other organism to die"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使终止；扼杀",
    "en": "To cause something to stop or fail"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This soap helps kill germs on your hands.",
    "zh": "这种肥皂有助于杀灭手上的病菌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive use of pesticides can kill beneficial insects and disrupt the natural balance of agricultural ecosystems.",
    "zh": "过量使用农药会杀死益虫，破坏农业生态系统的自然平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "kill germs｜杀灭病菌",
   "kill time｜消磨时间",
   "kill off｜使全部死亡；彻底消除",
   "kill enthusiasm｜打击热情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "killer (n.)",
   "killing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "revive"
  ],
  "tip": "kill强调造成死亡；die表示自身死亡，不接宾语。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kill"
 },
 {
  "w": "curtain",
  "uk": "/ˈkɜːtən/",
  "us": "/ˈkɜːrtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "窗帘；帘子",
    "en": "hanging fabric used to cover a window or divide space"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "舞台幕布",
    "en": "a large hanging cloth that hides or reveals a stage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She pulled the curtain aside to watch the rain.",
    "zh": "她把窗帘拉到一边，看着外面的雨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing a thick curtain over each window can reduce heat loss and improve comfort in older homes.",
    "zh": "在每扇窗户上安装厚窗帘，可以减少热量流失，提升老房屋的居住舒适度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "draw the curtains｜拉上或拉开窗帘",
   "shower curtain｜浴帘",
   "stage curtain｜舞台幕布",
   "curtain rail｜窗帘轨道"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "draw the curtains可指拉开或拉上，需看语境。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "curtain"
 },
 {
  "w": "pull",
  "uk": "/pʊl/",
  "us": "/pʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拉；拖；拔",
    "en": "to move something towards you or along by holding it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拉；拉力",
    "en": "an act of pulling or a force drawing something closer"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拉伤肌肉",
    "en": "to injure a muscle by stretching it too much"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please pull the door gently instead of pushing it.",
    "zh": "请轻轻拉门，不要推。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Horses once pulled heavy loads through cities, but motor vehicles eventually replaced them in most transport roles.",
    "zh": "马匹曾在城市中拉运重物，但机动车最终取代了它们的大部分运输职能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pull a muscle｜拉伤肌肉",
   "pull a door open｜把门拉开",
   "pull out a tooth｜拔牙",
   "gravitational pull｜引力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "puller (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tug",
   "drag"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "push"
  ],
  "tip": "pull是朝自己方向拉；push是向外推。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pull"
 },
 {
  "w": "traffic",
  "uk": "/ˈtræfɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈtræfɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "交通；路上车辆",
    "en": "Vehicles moving along roads in a particular area"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "通信量；网络流量",
    "en": "The amount of data or messages passing through a system"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy traffic made us late for dinner again.",
    "zh": "交通拥堵又让我们吃晚饭迟到了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in reliable public transport can reduce traffic congestion and improve urban air quality.",
    "zh": "投资建设可靠的公共交通可以缓解交通拥堵，并改善城市空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heavy traffic｜繁忙的交通",
   "traffic congestion｜交通拥堵",
   "traffic lights｜交通信号灯",
   "internet traffic｜互联网流量"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示交通或车流时不可数，不说a traffic。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "traffic"
 },
 {
  "w": "toward",
  "uk": "/təˈwɔːd/",
  "us": "/tɔːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "朝；向",
    "en": "In the direction of someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "对于；对待",
    "en": "In relation to someone or something, especially attitudes or behaviour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "用于；有助于",
    "en": "Helping to achieve or pay for something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puppy ran toward me with a muddy ball.",
    "zh": "小狗叼着一个沾满泥的球向我跑来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport is an important step toward reducing traffic congestion and improving urban air quality.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通是缓解交通拥堵、改善城市空气质量的重要一步。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "move toward｜朝……移动",
   "attitudes toward｜对……的态度",
   "a step toward｜迈向……的一步",
   "go toward the cost｜用于支付费用"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "towards"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "away from"
  ],
  "tip": "toward与towards同义；前者美式更常用。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "toward"
 },
 {
  "w": "planet",
  "uk": "/ˈplænɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈplænɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行星",
    "en": "A large round object that travels around a star."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a bright planet through the telescope tonight.",
    "zh": "今晚我们用望远镜观察了一颗明亮的行星。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists study distant planets to understand whether conditions suitable for life exist beyond Earth.",
    "zh": "科学家研究遥远的行星，以了解地球以外是否存在适合生命的条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a distant planet｜遥远的行星",
   "orbit a planet｜绕行星运行",
   "protect the planet｜保护地球"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "planetary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "planet是行星，star是恒星；the planet常指地球。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "planet"
 },
 {
  "w": "traditional",
  "uk": "/trəˈdɪʃənəl/",
  "us": "/trəˈdɪʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "传统的；沿袭已久的",
    "en": "Following customs or methods passed down over a long time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cooked a traditional meal for the family gathering.",
    "zh": "我们为家庭聚会做了一顿传统饭菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional farming methods can preserve local knowledge, although some require adaptation to cope with climate change.",
    "zh": "传统耕作方法能够保留地方知识，但其中一些需要调整以应对气候变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "traditional customs｜传统习俗",
   "traditional crafts｜传统手工艺",
   "traditional methods｜传统方法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tradition (n.)",
   "traditionally (adv.)",
   "traditionalist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "conventional",
   "customary"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "non-traditional"
  ],
  "tip": "traditional强调传承已久，不一定表示落后。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "traditional"
 },
 {
  "w": "software",
  "uk": "/ˈsɒftweə/",
  "us": "/ˈsɔːftwer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "软件",
    "en": "programs that tell a computer how to perform tasks"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This software helps me edit photos on my laptop.",
    "zh": "这个软件帮助我在笔记本电脑上编辑照片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools need reliable software and adequate teacher training to make effective use of digital learning tools.",
    "zh": "学校需要可靠的软件和充分的教师培训，才能有效利用数字学习工具。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "install software｜安装软件",
   "software development｜软件开发",
   "software update｜软件更新",
   "open-source software｜开源软件"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数：说some software，不说a software。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "software"
 },
 {
  "w": "shall",
  "uk": "/ʃæl/",
  "us": "/ʃæl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "要不要；好吗",
    "en": "Used with I or we to offer or suggest something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "将会；必将",
    "en": "Used with I or we to express future intentions formally."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "必须；应当",
    "en": "Used in formal rules to state a requirement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Shall we take a short walk after dinner?",
    "zh": "我们晚饭后去散一会儿步好吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Under the proposed regulations, employers shall provide appropriate safety equipment for all workers handling hazardous materials.",
    "zh": "根据拟议规定，雇主必须为所有接触危险材料的工人提供适当的安全装备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shall we｜我们要不要",
   "shall I｜要我来……吗",
   "shall not｜不得"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "情态动词，后接动词原形；Shall we常用于提议。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shall"
 },
 {
  "w": "basket",
  "uk": "/ˈbɑːskɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈbæskɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "篮子；筐",
    "en": "A container made from woven strips, wire, or similar materials"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "篮筐；投篮得分",
    "en": "The hoop and net in basketball, or a score through it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I carried a basket of fresh apples into the kitchen.",
    "zh": "我提着一篮新鲜苹果走进厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing reusable shopping baskets can encourage customers to reduce their reliance on disposable plastic bags.",
    "zh": "提供可重复使用的购物篮可以鼓励顾客减少对一次性塑料袋的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shopping basket｜购物篮",
   "laundry basket｜洗衣篮",
   "a basket of fruit｜一篮水果",
   "score a basket｜投篮得分"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a basket of apples指一篮苹果；篮子数量用baskets。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "basket"
 },
 {
  "w": "thief",
  "uk": "/θiːf/",
  "us": "/θiːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小偷；窃贼",
    "en": "someone who steals another person's belongings"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The thief took my bicycle while I was shopping.",
    "zh": "我购物时，小偷偷走了我的自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Secure bicycle parking can make it harder for a thief to steal from commuters.",
    "zh": "安全的自行车停车设施能让小偷更难偷走通勤者的自行车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bicycle thief｜偷自行车的人",
   "catch a thief｜抓住小偷",
   "a petty thief｜小偷小摸的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "theft (n.)",
   "thieve (v.)",
   "thieving (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数是thieves；robber通常涉及暴力或威胁抢劫。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thief"
 },
 {
  "w": "web",
  "uk": "/web/",
  "us": "/web/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "万维网",
    "en": "The system of connected pages accessed through the internet."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蜘蛛网",
    "en": "A structure of fine threads a spider makes to catch insects."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "复杂网络；错综关系",
    "en": "A complicated network of connected things or relationships."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I found a simple soup recipe on the web.",
    "zh": "我在网上找到了一份简单的汤谱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although the web provides convenient access to information, students must learn to evaluate the reliability of online sources.",
    "zh": "虽然万维网让获取信息更方便，但学生必须学会评估网络来源的可靠性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "browse the web｜浏览网页",
   "a spider's web｜蜘蛛网",
   "a web of relationships｜错综复杂的关系网"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "website (n.)",
   "webpage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "上网常用on the web；web不完全等同于internet。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "web"
 },
 {
  "w": "employee",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈplɔɪiː/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈplɔɪiː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雇员；员工",
    "en": "Someone paid to work for a person or organisation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A new employee showed me around the bakery.",
    "zh": "一位新员工带我参观了面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should provide every employee with appropriate training to maintain a safe and productive workplace.",
    "zh": "雇主应为每位员工提供适当培训，以保持工作场所的安全和高效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "full-time employee｜全职员工",
   "employee benefits｜员工福利",
   "employee training｜员工培训",
   "employee turnover｜员工流动率"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "employ (v.)",
   "employer (n.)",
   "employment (n.)",
   "unemployed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "worker"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "employer"
  ],
  "tip": "employee是雇员，employer是雇主。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "employee"
 },
 {
  "w": "railway",
  "uk": "/ˈreɪlweɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈreɪlweɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铁路；铁路系统",
    "en": "Tracks and services used by trains to transport people or goods."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our house overlooks the railway near the old bridge.",
    "zh": "从我们家能望见旧桥附近的铁路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in railway networks can reduce road congestion while improving access to employment in neighbouring cities.",
    "zh": "投资铁路网络可以缓解道路拥堵，同时方便人们前往邻近城市就业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a railway station｜火车站",
   "a railway line｜铁路线",
   "a railway network｜铁路网",
   "railway infrastructure｜铁路基础设施"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rail (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "railroad"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "railway常用于英式英语，美式常用railroad。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "railway"
 },
 {
  "w": "description",
  "uk": "/dɪˈskrɪpʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˈskrɪpʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "描述；描写",
    "en": "an account explaining what someone or something is like"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your description helped me find the little bakery.",
    "zh": "你的描述帮我找到了那家小面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A clear description of research methods allows other scientists to evaluate the reliability of a study.",
    "zh": "清楚描述研究方法，有助于其他科学家评估研究的可靠性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a detailed description｜详细描述",
   "give a description of｜描述",
   "a job description｜岗位职责说明",
   "an accurate description｜准确描述"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "describe (v.)",
   "descriptive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "account",
   "portrayal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示对某物的描述，用a description of，不用about。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "description"
 },
 {
  "w": "pot",
  "uk": "/pɒt/",
  "us": "/pɑːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "锅",
    "en": "A deep container used for cooking food."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盆；罐；壶",
    "en": "A container used for plants, storage, or serving drinks."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把植物栽入盆中",
    "en": "To put a plant into a container with soil."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup is bubbling gently in a large pot.",
    "zh": "汤在一口大锅里咕嘟咕嘟地轻轻翻滚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing vegetables in pots allows residents with limited outdoor space to produce some of their own food.",
    "zh": "用盆种菜能让户外空间有限的居民自己种出一些食物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pot of soup｜一锅汤",
   "a plant pot｜花盆",
   "a pot of tea｜一壶茶",
   "pot plants｜把植物栽入盆中"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "锅、盆、罐都可用pot；平底煎锅常用pan。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pot"
 },
 {
  "w": "kilometre",
  "uk": "/ˈkɪləmiːtə/",
  "us": "/kɪˈlɑːmətər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "千米；公里",
    "en": "A unit of distance equal to one thousand metres."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nearest bus stop is about a kilometre away.",
    "zh": "最近的公交车站大约在一公里外。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building safe cycle lanes within a kilometre of schools could encourage more children to cycle daily.",
    "zh": "在学校周边一公里内修建安全的自行车道，可以鼓励更多孩子每天骑车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a kilometre away｜一公里外",
   "square kilometre｜平方公里",
   "kilometres per hour｜公里每小时"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "kilometer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写为kilometre，美式为kilometer。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kilometre"
 },
 {
  "w": "milkman",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪlkmən/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪlkmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "送奶工",
    "en": "A man whose job is delivering milk to homes."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The milkman left two glass bottles outside our door.",
    "zh": "送奶工在我们门外放了两瓶玻璃瓶装的牛奶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular deliveries by a local milkman can encourage households to reuse glass bottles rather than discard plastic containers.",
    "zh": "当地送奶工定期送奶可以鼓励家庭重复使用玻璃瓶，而不是丢弃塑料容器。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local milkman｜当地送奶工",
   "the milkman's round｜送奶工的配送路线"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "milk (n.)",
   "milk (v.)",
   "milkwoman (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为milkmen；不指挤奶者，挤奶者是milker。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "milkman"
 },
 {
  "w": "flight",
  "uk": "/flaɪt/",
  "us": "/flaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "航班；空中旅程",
    "en": "A journey through the air, especially in an aircraft."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "飞行",
    "en": "The act or ability of moving through the air."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一段楼梯",
    "en": "A continuous set of stairs between floors or landings."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our flight leaves early, so we should pack tonight.",
    "zh": "我们的航班出发很早，所以今晚应该收拾好行李。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing the number of short domestic flights could lower emissions where reliable rail alternatives already exist.",
    "zh": "在已有可靠铁路替代方案的地区，减少短途国内航班可以降低排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "book a flight｜预订航班",
   "direct flight｜直达航班",
   "in flight｜飞行中",
   "a flight of stairs｜一段楼梯"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fly (v.)",
   "flying (adj.)",
   "flightless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a flight of stairs指两层或平台之间的一段楼梯。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flight"
 },
 {
  "w": "cause",
  "uk": "/kɔːz/",
  "us": "/kɔːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "原因；起因",
    "en": "something that makes an event or situation happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "导致；引起",
    "en": "make something happen, especially something unpleasant"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "事业；奋斗目标",
    "en": "an aim or principle that people support and work towards"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The plumber found the cause of the leak.",
    "zh": "水管工找到了漏水的原因。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Heavy traffic is a major cause of air pollution in many rapidly growing urban areas.",
    "zh": "在许多快速发展的城市地区，繁忙的交通是空气污染的主要原因。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cause of｜……的原因",
   "cause damage｜造成损害",
   "root cause｜根本原因",
   "a good cause｜公益事业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "causal (adj.)",
   "causation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词常接of；动词可用cause sb to do sth。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cause"
 },
 {
  "w": "knowledge",
  "uk": "/ˈnɒlɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈnɑːlɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "知识；学识",
    "en": "information and understanding gained through learning or experience"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "知晓；了解",
    "en": "awareness of a particular fact or situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather shared his knowledge of birds with me.",
    "zh": "祖父和我分享了他对鸟类的了解。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should help students apply their knowledge to practical problems rather than simply memorise facts.",
    "zh": "学校应帮助学生运用知识解决实际问题，而不只是记忆事实。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gain knowledge｜获取知识",
   "practical knowledge｜实用知识",
   "knowledge of｜对……的了解",
   "without someone's knowledge｜在某人不知情的情况下"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "know (v.)",
   "knowledgeable (adj.)",
   "known (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "ignorance"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；可说a good knowledge of某领域。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "knowledge"
 },
 {
  "w": "order",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːdə/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːrdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "顺序；秩序",
    "en": "the arrangement of things or a controlled, peaceful situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "订购；点餐；命令",
    "en": "to request goods or food, or tell someone what to do"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "订单；命令",
    "en": "a request for goods or an instruction that must be obeyed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please put these photos in the correct order.",
    "zh": "请把这些照片按正确顺序排列。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online shoppers can now order fresh produce directly from local farms, supporting regional economies.",
    "zh": "网购者如今可以直接向当地农场订购新鲜农产品，从而支持地区经济。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in alphabetical order｜按字母顺序",
   "place an order｜下订单",
   "order a meal｜点餐",
   "order someone to do something｜命令某人做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "orderly (adj.)",
   "disorder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in order指按顺序；in order to后接动词，表示为了。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "order"
 },
 {
  "w": "ground",
  "uk": "/ɡraʊnd/",
  "us": "/ɡraʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地面；土地",
    "en": "The solid surface of the earth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "理由；根据",
    "en": "Reasons or evidence supporting a belief, decision, or action."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使停飞",
    "en": "To prevent an aircraft from flying."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spread a blanket on the ground beneath a tree.",
    "zh": "我们在树下的地面上铺了一条毯子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting trees helps the ground retain moisture and reduces the risk of soil erosion.",
    "zh": "植树有助于土地保持水分，并降低水土流失的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on the ground｜在地面上",
   "grounds for complaint｜投诉的理由",
   "common ground｜共同点",
   "ground a plane｜使飞机停飞"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grounding (n.)",
   "grounded (adj.)",
   "groundless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示理由常用复数grounds；ground也是grind的过去式。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ground"
 },
 {
  "w": "lorry",
  "uk": "/ˈlɒri/",
  "us": "/ˈlɔːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卡车；货车",
    "en": "A large road vehicle used for carrying goods."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A lorry delivered fresh vegetables to the shop.",
    "zh": "一辆货车把新鲜蔬菜送到了店里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restricting lorry deliveries during peak hours could reduce congestion and improve road safety in city centres.",
    "zh": "限制货车在高峰时段送货，可以缓解市中心的拥堵并改善道路安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lorry driver｜货车司机",
   "delivery lorry｜送货卡车",
   "load a lorry｜给卡车装货"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "truck"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lorry主要用于英式英语，美式英语通常用truck。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lorry"
 },
 {
  "w": "Ireland",
  "uk": "/ˈaɪələnd/",
  "us": "/ˈaɪərlənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爱尔兰（国家）",
    "en": "a European country occupying most of the island of Ireland"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爱尔兰岛",
    "en": "an island west of Great Britain"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We explored the west coast of Ireland by bicycle.",
    "zh": "我们骑自行车游览了爱尔兰西海岸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ireland attracts international students through its English-speaking universities and opportunities to experience a different culture.",
    "zh": "爱尔兰凭借其英语授课的大学和体验不同文化的机会吸引国际学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in Ireland｜在爱尔兰",
   "the Republic of Ireland｜爱尔兰共和国",
   "the island of Ireland｜爱尔兰岛",
   "rural Ireland｜爱尔兰乡村地区"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Irish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指国家或整座岛；北爱尔兰属于英国，不属于该国。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ireland"
 },
 {
  "w": "hurry",
  "uk": "/ˈhʌri/",
  "us": "/ˈhɜːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赶紧；催促",
    "en": "To move or act quickly, or make someone do so."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "匆忙；仓促",
    "en": "A need to act quickly because time is limited."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hurried home before the rain began to fall.",
    "zh": "我们赶在下雨前匆忙回家了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When teachers hurry through difficult material, students may struggle to develop a clear understanding of key concepts.",
    "zh": "教师匆忙讲解难点内容时，学生可能难以清楚理解核心概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hurry up｜快点",
   "in a hurry｜匆忙地",
   "hurry home｜匆忙回家",
   "hurry through something｜匆忙做完某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hurried (adj.)",
   "hurriedly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rush",
   "hasten"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dawdle"
  ],
  "tip": "hurry up表示催促；in a hurry表示匆忙。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hurry"
 },
 {
  "w": "nail",
  "uk": "/neɪl/",
  "us": "/neɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "指甲；趾甲",
    "en": "The hard covering at the end of a finger or toe."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钉子",
    "en": "A thin pointed metal piece used to fasten materials together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用钉子钉牢",
    "en": "To attach something using nails."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I cut my nails before my piano lesson.",
    "zh": "我在上钢琴课前剪了指甲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching children to keep their nails clean can help establish healthy personal hygiene habits early.",
    "zh": "教孩子保持指甲清洁，有助于他们尽早养成良好的个人卫生习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cut your nails｜剪指甲",
   "nail polish｜指甲油",
   "hammer a nail｜锤钉子",
   "nail down｜用钉子钉牢"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fingernail (n.)",
   "toenail (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指指甲也指钉子；作动词表示用钉子固定。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nail"
 },
 {
  "w": "stomach",
  "uk": "/ˈstʌmək/",
  "us": "/ˈstʌmək/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胃；腹部",
    "en": "The organ that digests food, or the surrounding body area"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "忍受；容忍",
    "en": "To accept something unpleasant without feeling upset or disgusted"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My stomach started rumbling while I was cooking dinner.",
    "zh": "我做晚饭时，肚子开始咕咕叫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Eating regular meals may help prevent stomach discomfort and support healthy eating habits among students.",
    "zh": "规律进餐可能有助于预防胃部不适，并帮助学生养成健康的饮食习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an empty stomach｜空腹",
   "stomach ache｜胃痛；肚子痛",
   "stomach pain｜胃痛"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“忍受”时，常用于 can't stomach 结构。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stomach"
 },
 {
  "w": "pie",
  "uk": "/paɪ/",
  "us": "/paɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "馅饼；派",
    "en": "Food with a pastry base or covering and a filling."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared a warm apple pie after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，我们分着吃了一个热苹果派。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional dishes, such as fruit pie, can help preserve regional food culture across generations.",
    "zh": "水果派等传统菜肴有助于让地方饮食文化代代相传。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apple pie｜苹果派",
   "meat pie｜肉馅饼",
   "a slice of pie｜一块馅饼"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pie指馅饼；“饼图”须说pie chart。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pie"
 },
 {
  "w": "form",
  "uk": "/fɔːm/",
  "us": "/fɔːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "类型；形式；形状",
    "en": "a type, arrangement, or shape of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "表格",
    "en": "a document with spaces for providing requested information"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "形成；组成；建立",
    "en": "to develop, create, or combine into something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The clouds took the form of a giant rabbit.",
    "zh": "那些云呈现出一只巨兔的形状。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online learning has become a popular form of education because it offers flexibility for working adults.",
    "zh": "在线学习已成为一种受欢迎的教育形式，因为它为在职成年人提供了灵活性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a form of｜一种……",
   "in the form of｜以……的形式",
   "fill in a form｜填写表格",
   "form a habit｜养成习惯"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "formation (n.)",
   "formless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fill in a form是英式说法；美式常用fill out a form。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "form"
 },
 {
  "w": "attention",
  "uk": "/əˈtenʃən/",
  "us": "/əˈtenʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "注意；注意力",
    "en": "The act of focusing your mind on someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "照料；处理；关心",
    "en": "Care or action given to someone or something that needs it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please pay attention while I explain the game.",
    "zh": "我讲解游戏规则时，请认真听。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should give greater attention to students' emotional wellbeing alongside their academic progress.",
    "zh": "学校在关注学生学业进展的同时，也应更加重视他们的情绪健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pay attention to｜注意",
   "attract attention｜吸引注意",
   "medical attention｜医疗救治",
   "attention span｜注意力持续时间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attentive (adj.)",
   "attentively (adv.)",
   "inattentive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "inattention"
  ],
  "tip": "pay attention to后接名词或动名词，to是介词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attention"
 },
 {
  "w": "hairstyle",
  "uk": "/ˈheəstaɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈherstaɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发型",
    "en": "the way someone's hair is cut or arranged"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your new hairstyle really suits your round glasses.",
    "zh": "你的新发型和你的圆框眼镜真配。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In some workplaces, strict rules about hairstyles can limit employees' freedom to express their identity.",
    "zh": "在一些工作场所，严格的发型规定可能限制员工表达自我的自由。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "change your hairstyle｜换发型",
   "a short hairstyle｜短发造型",
   "a fashionable hairstyle｜时尚发型"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hairstylist (n.)",
   "hair (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，指剪出或梳出的整体发型。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hairstyle"
 },
 {
  "w": "workbook",
  "uk": "/ˈwɜːkbʊk/",
  "us": "/ˈwɝːkbʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "练习册",
    "en": "A book containing exercises for learners to complete"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电子表格工作簿",
    "en": "A computer file containing one or more spreadsheets"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left my workbook in my school bag.",
    "zh": "我把练习册落在书包里了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-designed workbook allows students to practise new skills independently and monitor their progress.",
    "zh": "一本设计合理的练习册能让学生独立练习新技能，并跟踪自己的进步。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complete a workbook｜做完练习册",
   "workbook exercises｜练习册习题",
   "a grammar workbook｜语法练习册"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "workbook侧重练习；textbook侧重讲解知识。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "workbook"
 },
 {
  "w": "type",
  "uk": "/taɪp/",
  "us": "/taɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "类型；种类",
    "en": "a group of things sharing particular features"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打字",
    "en": "to enter words using a keyboard"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "What type of bread would you like today?",
    "zh": "你今天想要哪种面包？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Different types of public transport are needed to serve both urban and rural communities.",
    "zh": "城市和农村社区都需要不同类型的公共交通服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a type of｜一种",
   "blood type｜血型",
   "type a message｜打字输入消息"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "typist (n.)",
   "typing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "kind",
   "sort"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "type of后接名词；表示多种类型用types of。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "type"
 },
 {
  "w": "adjective",
  "uk": "/ˈædʒɪktɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈædʒɪktɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "形容词",
    "en": "a word that describes a person, thing, or state"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher asked us to find adjectives describing weather.",
    "zh": "老师让我们找出描述天气的形容词。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In academic writing, precise adjectives help readers understand complex ideas without relying on lengthy explanations.",
    "zh": "在学术写作中，准确的形容词有助于读者理解复杂概念，而无需依赖冗长的解释。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a descriptive adjective｜描写性形容词",
   "a comparative adjective｜比较级形容词",
   "adjective order｜形容词排列顺序"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adjectival (adj.)",
   "adjectivally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词常放在名词前或系动词后，如a cold day。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adjective"
 },
 {
  "w": "skin",
  "uk": "/skɪn/",
  "us": "/skɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "皮肤",
    "en": "The natural outer covering of a person's or animal's body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "果皮；外皮",
    "en": "The thin outer layer of certain fruits and vegetables."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "剥去皮",
    "en": "Remove the skin from an animal, fruit or vegetable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My skin feels dry after swimming in the pool.",
    "zh": "在泳池游泳后，我觉得皮肤很干。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting skin from excessive sunlight can reduce the risk of serious health problems later in life.",
    "zh": "保护皮肤免受过度日晒，可以降低日后出现严重健康问题的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dry skin｜干性皮肤",
   "sensitive skin｜敏感皮肤",
   "skin care｜皮肤护理",
   "potato skins｜土豆皮"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "skincare (n.)",
   "skinless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指人体皮肤通常不可数；一张兽皮可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "skin"
 },
 {
  "w": "decide",
  "uk": "/dɪˈsaɪd/",
  "us": "/dɪˈsaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "决定；选定",
    "en": "To choose what to do after considering the possibilities."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "决定结果",
    "en": "To determine the result of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We decided to walk home after the film.",
    "zh": "看完电影后，我们决定走路回家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must decide how to distribute limited resources between healthcare, education and public transport.",
    "zh": "政府必须决定如何在医疗、教育和公共交通之间分配有限资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "decide to do something｜决定做某事",
   "decide on｜选定",
   "decide against｜决定不采用",
   "decide the outcome｜决定结果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "decision (n.)",
   "decisive (adj.)",
   "decisively (adv.)",
   "indecisive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用decide to do，不用decide doing。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "decide"
 },
 {
  "w": "painful",
  "uk": "/ˈpeɪnfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpeɪnfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "疼痛的；引起疼痛的",
    "en": "causing physical pain or hurting"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人痛苦的；令人难堪的",
    "en": "causing sadness, distress, or embarrassment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My ankle is still painful when I climb stairs.",
    "zh": "我上楼梯时，脚踝还是很疼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For many workers, losing a secure job is a painful experience that affects both confidence and financial stability.",
    "zh": "对许多劳动者而言，失去稳定工作是一段痛苦的经历，既影响信心，也影响经济稳定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a painful injury｜令人疼痛的伤",
   "a painful experience｜痛苦的经历",
   "painful memories｜痛苦的回忆",
   "painful to touch｜一碰就疼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pain (n.)",
   "painfully (adv.)",
   "painless (adj.)",
   "painlessly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sore",
   "distressing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "painless"
  ],
  "tip": "painful可指身体疼痛，也可指情感痛苦或难堪。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "painful"
 },
 {
  "w": "theirs",
  "uk": "/ðeəz/",
  "us": "/ðerz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "他们的；她们的；它们的",
    "en": "The one or ones belonging to them"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our garden is small, but theirs has several trees.",
    "zh": "我们的花园很小，但他们的花园里有好几棵树。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some families own their homes, while others rent theirs because property prices remain beyond their reach.",
    "zh": "有些家庭拥有自己的住房，另一些则因房价仍超出承受能力而租房居住。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a friend of theirs｜他们的一位朋友",
   "theirs to keep｜归他们所有",
   "ours and theirs｜我们的和他们的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "they (pron.)",
   "them (pron.)",
   "their (det.)",
   "themselves (pron.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "theirs独立使用，后不接名词，也不加撇号。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "theirs"
 },
 {
  "w": "playground",
  "uk": "/ˈpleɪɡraʊnd/",
  "us": "/ˈpleɪɡraʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "儿童游乐场；操场",
    "en": "An outdoor area where children play, often with special equipment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children raced to the playground after lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭后，孩子们跑向了游乐场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every neighbourhood should provide a safe playground where children can exercise and develop social skills.",
    "zh": "每个社区都应提供安全的儿童游乐场，让孩子锻炼身体并培养社交能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "school playground｜学校操场",
   "playground equipment｜游乐场设施",
   "adventure playground｜探险游乐场"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要指儿童玩耍场所，不泛指专业体育场。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "playground"
 },
 {
  "w": "loud",
  "uk": "/laʊd/",
  "us": "/laʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "响亮的；大声的",
    "en": "Making or having a strong sound that is easily heard."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "大声地",
    "en": "With a strong sound that is easily heard."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A loud crash woke everyone in the house.",
    "zh": "一声巨响惊醒了屋里的所有人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Frequent exposure to loud music can damage hearing, particularly among young people who use headphones.",
    "zh": "经常接触高音量的音乐可能损伤听力，使用耳机的年轻人尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "loud noise｜很大的噪声",
   "loud music｜高音量的音乐",
   "out loud｜出声地",
   "loud and clear｜响亮而清楚地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "loudly (adv.)",
   "loudness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "quiet",
   "soft"
  ],
  "tip": "read out loud指读出声；loudly也可表示大声地。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "loud"
 },
 {
  "w": "shout",
  "uk": "/ʃaʊt/",
  "us": "/ʃaʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "喊叫；大声说",
    "en": "To speak or call out in a very loud voice."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喊声；呼喊",
    "en": "A loud call or cry made with the voice."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shouted across the river, but nobody heard us.",
    "zh": "我们朝河对岸大喊，却没有人听见。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In noisy classrooms, teachers may need to shout, which can strain their voices over time.",
    "zh": "在嘈杂的教室里，教师可能需要大声说话，长期如此会损伤嗓音。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shout for help｜大声求助",
   "shout at someone｜冲某人大喊",
   "shout to someone｜向某人高声说话",
   "a shout of joy｜欢呼声"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "yell"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "whisper"
  ],
  "tip": "shout at常含生气意味；shout to重在让远处的人听见。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shout"
 },
 {
  "w": "beside",
  "uk": "/bɪˈsaɪd/",
  "us": "/bɪˈsaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……旁边",
    "en": "At the side of someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please leave your wet boots beside the door.",
    "zh": "请把你的湿靴子放在门旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Creating walking paths beside urban rivers can encourage physical activity and improve residents' access to nature.",
    "zh": "在城市河流旁修建步道可以鼓励身体活动，并让居民更容易亲近自然。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sit beside someone｜坐在某人旁边",
   "beside the river｜在河边",
   "beside the point｜离题；不相关"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "next to",
   "alongside"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "beside表示“在旁边”；besides表示“此外；除……之外”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beside"
 },
 {
  "w": "knee",
  "uk": "/niː/",
  "us": "/niː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "膝盖；膝关节",
    "en": "The joint where your leg bends in the middle."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She bent her knee gently before starting the exercise.",
    "zh": "开始锻炼前，她轻轻弯了弯膝盖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular low-impact exercise can strengthen the muscles around the knee and help maintain mobility in older adults.",
    "zh": "经常进行低冲击运动可以增强膝关节周围的肌肉，帮助老年人保持行动能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "knee joint｜膝关节",
   "knee injury｜膝部损伤",
   "bend your knees｜弯曲膝盖",
   "on your knees｜跪着"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "kneel (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "词首k不发音；复数knees读作/niːz/。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "knee"
 },
 {
  "w": "tie",
  "uk": "/taɪ/",
  "us": "/taɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "系；绑；打结",
    "en": "to fasten something using string, rope, or a knot"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领带",
    "en": "a long narrow piece of cloth worn around the collar"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "联系；关系",
    "en": "a connection between people, groups, or places"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please tie your shoelaces before you run outside.",
    "zh": "跑出去之前，请先系好鞋带。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strong ties between schools and local employers can help young people make a smoother transition into work.",
    "zh": "学校与当地雇主之间的紧密联系，可以帮助年轻人更顺利地进入职场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tie a knot｜打结",
   "wear a tie｜戴领带",
   "family ties｜家庭纽带",
   "strengthen ties｜加强联系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "untie (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fasten",
   "bind"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "untie"
  ],
  "tip": "tie的现在分词是tying；表示关系时通常用复数ties。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tie"
 },
 {
  "w": "including",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "包括；包含",
    "en": "With someone or something as part of a larger group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone came to the picnic, including our new neighbours.",
    "zh": "大家都来野餐了，包括我们的新邻居。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities should provide accessible public spaces for all residents, including older people and those with limited mobility.",
    "zh": "城市应为所有居民提供无障碍公共空间，包括老年人和行动不便者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "including tax｜含税",
   "including delivery｜包含配送",
   "including children｜包括儿童"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "include (v.)",
   "inclusion (n.)",
   "inclusive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "excluding"
  ],
  "tip": "including后接名词或代词；included通常放其后。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "including"
 },
 {
  "w": "spelling",
  "uk": "/ˈspelɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈspelɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拼写；拼写能力",
    "en": "forming words correctly using their written characters"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拼法",
    "en": "the particular way a word is written"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister checks my spelling before I send emails.",
    "zh": "我发邮件前，姐姐会帮我检查拼写。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although digital tools can correct spelling, students still need to develop accurate writing skills.",
    "zh": "虽然数字工具可以纠正拼写，学生仍需培养准确书写的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spelling mistake｜拼写错误",
   "check your spelling｜检查拼写",
   "correct spelling｜正确拼写"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spell (v.)",
   "misspell (v.)",
   "misspelling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指拼写能力通常不可数；指具体拼法可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spelling"
 },
 {
  "w": "Korean",
  "uk": "/kəˈriːən/",
  "us": "/kəˈriːən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "韩国的；朝鲜的",
    "en": "relating to Korea, its people, or its language"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "韩语；朝鲜语",
    "en": "the language spoken in North and South Korea"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "韩国人；朝鲜人",
    "en": "a person from North or South Korea"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbour showed us how to make Korean dumplings.",
    "zh": "邻居教我们怎样包韩式饺子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Korean cinema has attracted international audiences, encouraging wider interest in the country's language and cultural traditions.",
    "zh": "韩国电影吸引了国际观众，激发了人们对该国语言和文化传统的更广泛兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Korean language｜韩语；朝鲜语",
   "Korean cuisine｜韩国料理",
   "learn Korean｜学习韩语"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "Korean可指朝鲜半岛两国，具体含义看语境。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "korean"
 },
 {
  "w": "Indian",
  "uk": "/ˈɪndiən/",
  "us": "/ˈɪndiən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "印度的；印度人的",
    "en": "relating to India or its people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "印度人",
    "en": "a person from India"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cooked an Indian curry for dinner last night.",
    "zh": "我们昨晚做了一道印度咖喱当晚餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Indian cities face growing pressure to expand public transport as urban populations continue to increase.",
    "zh": "随着城市人口持续增加，印度城市面临着扩大公共交通的日益增长的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Indian cuisine｜印度菜",
   "Indian culture｜印度文化",
   "the Indian Ocean｜印度洋"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母大写；指美洲原住民时宜用其自称。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indian"
 },
 {
  "w": "mind",
  "uk": "/maɪnd/",
  "us": "/maɪnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "头脑；心智；思维",
    "en": "The part of you that thinks, feels, and remembers."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "介意；反对",
    "en": "To feel annoyed or uncomfortable about something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "留意；小心；照看",
    "en": "To pay attention to something or take care of someone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Would you mind closing the window before you leave?",
    "zh": "你介意离开前把窗户关上吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular physical activity can benefit both the body and the mind by reducing stress and improving concentration.",
    "zh": "规律的体育活动能减轻压力、提高专注力，从而有益于身心健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "change your mind｜改变主意",
   "keep in mind｜牢记",
   "mind doing something｜介意做某事",
   "peace of mind｜内心安宁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mindful (adj.)",
   "mindless (adj.)",
   "mindfulness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示介意做某事用mind doing，不用mind to do。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mind"
 },
 {
  "w": "tiny",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪni/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极小的；微小的",
    "en": "Extremely small in size or amount."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiny frog jumped out of the flower pot.",
    "zh": "一只小小的青蛙从花盆里跳了出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even tiny changes in daily habits can reduce household energy consumption over time.",
    "zh": "即使日常习惯的微小改变，长期下来也能减少家庭能源消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tiny amount｜极少量",
   "a tiny fraction｜极小部分",
   "a tiny village｜小村庄"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tinier (adj.)",
   "tiniest (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "minute",
   "minuscule"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "huge",
   "enormous"
  ],
  "tip": "比small语气更强，强调小得惊人。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tiny"
 },
 {
  "w": "backpack",
  "uk": "/ˈbækpæk/",
  "us": "/ˈbækpæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "双肩背包",
    "en": "A bag carried on the back using two shoulder straps."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "背包旅行",
    "en": "To travel carrying your belongings in a backpack."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I packed my lunch and jacket in my backpack.",
    "zh": "我把午餐和外套装进了双肩背包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Young adults often backpack through rural regions, supporting small businesses and learning about local traditions.",
    "zh": "年轻人常背包穿行于乡村地区，支持小型商家并了解当地传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "carry a backpack｜背着双肩包",
   "pack a backpack｜整理背包装行李",
   "a hiking backpack｜徒步背包"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "backpacker (n.)",
   "backpacking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rucksack"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指双肩背包；英式英语也常用rucksack。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "backpack"
 },
 {
  "w": "quiz",
  "uk": "/kwɪz/",
  "us": "/kwɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小测验；知识问答",
    "en": "A short test or game involving questions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "测验；详细询问",
    "en": "To test someone's knowledge or ask them detailed questions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We played a music quiz after dinner yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天晚饭后，我们玩了音乐知识问答游戏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A short quiz at the beginning of each lesson can help teachers identify gaps in students' understanding.",
    "zh": "每节课开始时的小测验可以帮助教师发现学生理解上的不足。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a quiz｜参加小测验",
   "general knowledge quiz｜常识问答",
   "quiz someone on｜就……测问某人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为quizzes；过去式为quizzed。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quiz"
 },
 {
  "w": "cartoon",
  "uk": "/kɑːˈtuːn/",
  "us": "/kɑrˈtuːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动画片",
    "en": "a film or programme made using animated drawings or images"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "漫画；讽刺画",
    "en": "a humorous drawing, often commenting on society or politics"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a funny cartoon about a dancing penguin.",
    "zh": "我们看了一部关于跳舞企鹅的搞笑动画片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Political cartoons can communicate complex social criticism through simple images that appeal to a wide audience.",
    "zh": "政治漫画可以通过简单的图像传达复杂的社会批评，吸引广泛的受众。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cartoon character｜卡通人物",
   "animated cartoon｜动画片",
   "political cartoon｜政治讽刺漫画"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cartoonist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cartoon 可指动画片或单幅漫画；漫画书常用 comic。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cartoon"
 },
 {
  "w": "naughty",
  "uk": "/ˈnɔːti/",
  "us": "/ˈnɔːti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "淘气的；不听话的",
    "en": "Behaving badly, especially by disobeying adults"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The naughty puppy dragged my slippers into the garden.",
    "zh": "那只淘气的小狗把我的拖鞋拖进了花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children described as naughty may benefit more from patient guidance than from repeated punishment.",
    "zh": "被说成淘气的孩子可能更需要耐心引导，而非反复惩罚。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "naughty child｜淘气的孩子",
   "naughty behaviour｜淘气的行为",
   "be naughty｜不听话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "naughtiness (n.)",
   "naughtily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mischievous",
   "disobedient"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "well-behaved"
  ],
  "tip": "常用于小孩或宠物，通常不表示严重的恶行。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "naughty"
 },
 {
  "w": "elevator",
  "uk": "/ˈelɪveɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈeləveɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电梯；升降机",
    "en": "A machine carrying people or goods between floors."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took the elevator because our bags were heavy.",
    "zh": "我们的包很重，所以我们乘了电梯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing elevators in older apartment buildings can significantly improve accessibility for elderly residents and people with disabilities.",
    "zh": "在老旧公寓楼中安装电梯可以显著方便老年居民和残障人士出入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take the elevator｜乘电梯",
   "elevator doors｜电梯门",
   "a passenger elevator｜客梯"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "elevate (v.)",
   "elevation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lift"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "电梯在美式英语中常用elevator，英式常用lift。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elevator"
 },
 {
  "w": "final",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪnəl/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪnəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最后的；最终的",
    "en": "coming last in a series or process"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不可更改的；决定性的",
    "en": "settled and not open to further change or discussion"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "决赛；期末考试",
    "en": "a competition's last match, or an examination ending a course"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We packed the final box and locked the door.",
    "zh": "我们装好最后一个箱子，锁上了门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The final stage of the research involved comparing energy consumption across several types of housing.",
    "zh": "研究的最后阶段是比较几种不同类型住房的能源消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "final decision｜最终决定",
   "final stage｜最后阶段",
   "reach the final｜进入决赛",
   "final exams｜期末考试"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "finally (adv.)",
   "finalise (v.)",
   "finality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "last"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "initial"
  ],
  "tip": "finally是副词；final作名词可指决赛或期末考试。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "final"
 },
 {
  "w": "melon",
  "uk": "/ˈmelən/",
  "us": "/ˈmelən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "甜瓜",
    "en": "A large round fruit with thick skin and sweet, juicy flesh."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sliced a ripe melon for our picnic.",
    "zh": "她切了一个熟甜瓜，供我们野餐时吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers growing melons in dry regions often use efficient irrigation systems to reduce water consumption.",
    "zh": "干旱地区种植甜瓜的农民常使用高效灌溉系统来减少用水量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ripe melon｜熟甜瓜",
   "a slice of melon｜一片甜瓜",
   "melon seeds｜瓜子"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "melon泛指甜瓜类；watermelon专指西瓜。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "melon"
 },
 {
  "w": "well-known",
  "uk": "/ˌwel ˈnəʊn/",
  "us": "/ˌwel ˈnoʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "著名的；广为人知的",
    "en": "known or recognised by many people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We visited a well-known castle during our summer holiday.",
    "zh": "暑假期间，我们参观了一座著名的城堡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Well-known tourist destinations often face overcrowding, which can damage historic sites and reduce residents' quality of life.",
    "zh": "著名旅游目的地常面临过度拥挤的问题，这可能损坏历史遗迹并降低居民的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "well-known author｜著名作家",
   "well-known landmark｜著名地标",
   "well-known fact｜众所周知的事实"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "know (v.)",
   "known (adj.)",
   "unknown (adj.)",
   "knowledge (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "famous",
   "renowned"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unknown",
   "obscure"
  ],
  "tip": "名词前通常加连字符；表语位置通常写well known。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "well-known"
 },
 {
  "w": "chef",
  "uk": "/ʃef/",
  "us": "/ʃef/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专业厨师；主厨",
    "en": "A trained cook working in a restaurant or hotel."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The chef added fresh herbs to the steaming soup.",
    "zh": "厨师往热气腾腾的汤里加入了新鲜香草。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A skilled chef can design nutritious school meals that appeal to children while staying within a limited budget.",
    "zh": "技艺娴熟的厨师可以在有限预算内，设计出既营养又受孩子欢迎的学校餐食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "head chef｜主厨",
   "pastry chef｜糕点师",
   "train as a chef｜接受专业厨师培训"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cook"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "chef 的 ch 发 /ʃ/；通常指餐馆或酒店的专业厨师。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chef"
 },
 {
  "w": "actually",
  "uk": "/ˈæktʃuəli/",
  "us": "/ˈæktʃuəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "实际上；其实",
    "en": "in fact, often surprisingly or contrary to what was expected"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I thought this soup was spicy, but it is actually sweet.",
    "zh": "我以为这汤很辣，其实是甜的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although online courses seem convenient, some students actually learn more effectively through face-to-face interaction.",
    "zh": "虽然在线课程似乎很方便，但有些学生实际上通过面对面交流学得更好。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "actually happen｜实际发生",
   "actually mean｜真正的意思是",
   "actually work｜确实奏效"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "actual (adj.)",
   "actuality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "in fact",
   "in reality"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "actually表示“其实”，不表示“目前”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "actually"
 },
 {
  "w": "towel",
  "uk": "/ˈtaʊəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtaʊəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "毛巾；浴巾",
    "en": "a piece of absorbent cloth used for drying things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用毛巾擦干",
    "en": "to dry someone or something with a towel"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He wrapped a warm towel around his wet shoulders.",
    "zh": "他把一条温暖的毛巾裹在湿漉漉的肩膀上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hotels can reduce water consumption by encouraging guests to reuse their towels during their stay.",
    "zh": "酒店可以鼓励住客在入住期间重复使用毛巾，以减少用水量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bath towel｜浴巾",
   "hand towel｜擦手巾",
   "paper towel｜厨房纸巾；擦手纸",
   "towel dry｜用毛巾擦干"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "towelling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；paper towel指吸水纸巾，不是布毛巾。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "towel"
 },
 {
  "w": "toe",
  "uk": "/təʊ/",
  "us": "/toʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脚趾",
    "en": "One of the five separate parts at the foot's end"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鞋尖；袜尖",
    "en": "The part of a shoe or sock covering the toes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a little sand stuck between my toes.",
    "zh": "我的脚趾缝里沾了一点沙子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wearing shoes that restrict toe movement may affect balance and contribute to foot problems over time.",
    "zh": "穿限制脚趾活动的鞋子可能影响平衡，长此以往还可能导致足部问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "big toe｜大脚趾",
   "little toe｜小脚趾",
   "stub your toe｜脚趾撞到硬物",
   "from head to toe｜从头到脚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "toenail (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "手指是finger，脚趾是toe；大脚趾用big toe。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "toe"
 },
 {
  "w": "human",
  "uk": "/ˈhjuːmən/",
  "us": "/ˈhjuːmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "人的；人类的",
    "en": "Relating to people rather than animals or machines."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人；人类成员",
    "en": "A person, as distinct from an animal or machine."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This robot can recognise a familiar human voice.",
    "zh": "这个机器人能识别熟悉的人声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Human activity has significantly altered natural habitats, making wildlife conservation an urgent priority for governments.",
    "zh": "人类活动已显著改变自然栖息地，使野生动物保护成为各国政府迫切需要优先处理的事项。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "human beings｜人类",
   "human rights｜人权",
   "human activity｜人类活动",
   "human error｜人为失误"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "humanity (n.)",
   "humanise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "non-human"
  ],
  "tip": "human是“人类的”；humane是“人道的”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "human"
 },
 {
  "w": "peace",
  "uk": "/piːs/",
  "us": "/piːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "和平；和睦",
    "en": "a situation without war, fighting, or serious disagreement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "安宁；平静",
    "en": "a state of quietness or freedom from worry"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I enjoy the peace of this garden before breakfast.",
    "zh": "我喜欢早餐前这座花园里的宁静。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Lasting peace depends on cooperation between communities and fair access to essential resources.",
    "zh": "持久和平有赖于各群体之间的合作以及公平获取基本资源的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lasting peace｜持久和平",
   "peace and quiet｜清静",
   "peace of mind｜安心",
   "peace talks｜和平谈判"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "peaceful (adj.)",
   "peacefully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "harmony",
   "tranquillity"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "war",
   "conflict"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；peace of mind表示安心、心安。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "peace"
 },
 {
  "w": "wave",
  "uk": "/weɪv/",
  "us": "/weɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海浪；波浪；波",
    "en": "A moving ridge of water or a travelling energy disturbance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挥手；挥舞",
    "en": "To move a hand or object repeatedly as a signal."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "浪潮；一阵",
    "en": "A sudden increase or spread of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A huge wave washed over our little sandcastle.",
    "zh": "一个大浪冲过了我们的小沙堡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal wetlands can absorb wave energy, helping to protect nearby settlements from erosion and storm damage.",
    "zh": "沿海湿地能够吸收波浪能量，帮助保护附近居民区免受侵蚀和风暴破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wave goodbye｜挥手告别",
   "wave at someone｜向某人挥手",
   "sound waves｜声波",
   "a wave of protests｜一波抗议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wavy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "向某人挥手用wave at或wave to someone。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wave"
 },
 {
  "w": "hit",
  "uk": "/hɪt/",
  "us": "/hɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "击打；碰撞",
    "en": "Strike someone or something with force."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "严重影响；打击",
    "en": "Affect someone or something badly, often suddenly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大获成功的人或事物",
    "en": "Someone or something that becomes very popular or successful."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The ball hit the fence and bounced towards me.",
    "zh": "球撞上围栏，又朝我弹了过来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising energy prices have hit small businesses particularly hard, forcing many owners to reduce their operating hours.",
    "zh": "能源价格上涨对小企业的打击尤其严重，迫使许多经营者缩短营业时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hit the ball｜击球",
   "be hit hard｜遭受重创",
   "a big hit｜大受欢迎的事物",
   "hit a target｜击中目标"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hitter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "strike"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式、过去分词仍为hit；现在分词为hitting。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hit"
 },
 {
  "w": "lift",
  "uk": "/lɪft/",
  "us": "/lɪft/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "举起；抬高",
    "en": "To move someone or something to a higher position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电梯",
    "en": "A machine carrying people or goods between floors."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "搭便车",
    "en": "A ride in someone else's vehicle."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you help me lift this box onto the shelf?",
    "zh": "你能帮我把这个箱子抬到架子上吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing lifts in older public buildings can improve access for wheelchair users and people with limited mobility.",
    "zh": "在较老的公共建筑中安装电梯，可以方便轮椅使用者和行动不便的人进出。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lift weights｜举重",
   "take the lift｜乘电梯",
   "give someone a lift｜让某人搭便车",
   "lift a ban｜解除禁令"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lifting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "raise",
   "elevator"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lower"
  ],
  "tip": "电梯英式用lift，美式用elevator。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lift"
 },
 {
  "w": "appointment",
  "uk": "/əˈpɔɪntmənt/",
  "us": "/əˈpɔɪntmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预约；约定会面",
    "en": "An arrangement to meet someone at a particular time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "任命；委任",
    "en": "The act of choosing someone for a job or position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I have a dental appointment early tomorrow morning.",
    "zh": "我预约了明天一早看牙医。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working hours allow employees to attend medical appointments without taking an entire day off.",
    "zh": "弹性工作时间让员工无需请一整天假就能按预约就医。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make an appointment｜预约",
   "cancel an appointment｜取消预约",
   "by appointment only｜仅接受预约",
   "appointment of a director｜董事的任命"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "appoint (v.)",
   "appointee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与某人预约用appointment with；任命某人用appointment of。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "appointment"
 },
 {
  "w": "penny",
  "uk": "/ˈpeni/",
  "us": "/ˈpeni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "便士；一便士硬币",
    "en": "A British coin or unit worth one hundredth of a pound."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一美分硬币",
    "en": "An American coin worth one hundredth of a dollar."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I found a penny underneath the sofa this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上我在沙发底下发现了一枚便士硬币。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For families on low incomes, every penny saved on energy bills can make a difference.",
    "zh": "对于低收入家庭，能源账单上省下的每一分钱都可能有所帮助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "every penny｜每一分钱",
   "not a penny｜一分钱也没有",
   "worth every penny｜物有所值"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "penniless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英国金额复数用pence；指多枚硬币用pennies。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "penny"
 },
 {
  "w": "jam",
  "uk": "/dʒæm/",
  "us": "/dʒæm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "果酱",
    "en": "A sweet spread made by cooking fruit with sugar."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拥堵；堵塞",
    "en": "A situation where movement stops because things are packed together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "卡住；塞进",
    "en": "To become stuck, or force something into a tight space."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I spread strawberry jam on my toast this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上我在吐司上抹了草莓酱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Frequent traffic jams increase air pollution and make daily journeys more stressful for urban residents.",
    "zh": "频繁的交通拥堵加剧空气污染，也让城市居民的日常出行更加令人焦虑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strawberry jam｜草莓酱",
   "traffic jam｜交通堵塞",
   "get jammed｜被卡住",
   "jam something into｜把某物硬塞进"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jammed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "果酱通常不可数；一次交通堵塞用a traffic jam。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jam"
 },
 {
  "w": "normally",
  "uk": "/ˈnɔːməli/",
  "us": "/ˈnɔːrməli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "通常；一般情况下",
    "en": "usually, or in most situations"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "正常地",
    "en": "in the usual, expected, or healthy way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I normally walk to work unless it rains heavily.",
    "zh": "除非下大雨，我通常步行上班。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students normally benefit from regular feedback, especially when teachers provide clear guidance on improving their work.",
    "zh": "学生通常能从定期反馈中受益，尤其是在教师明确指导他们改进作业时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "normally expect｜通常预期",
   "function normally｜正常运转",
   "breathe normally｜正常呼吸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "normal (adj.)",
   "normality (n.)",
   "abnormal (adj.)",
   "abnormally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "usually",
   "ordinarily"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "abnormally"
  ],
  "tip": "既可表频率“通常”，也可表状态“正常地”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "normally"
 },
 {
  "w": "pound",
  "uk": "/paʊnd/",
  "us": "/paʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英镑",
    "en": "the main unit of money used in the United Kingdom"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "磅（重量单位）",
    "en": "a unit of weight equal to about 454 grams"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "连续猛击；怦怦跳",
    "en": "to hit repeatedly with force or beat strongly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I paid one pound for this bag of apples.",
    "zh": "我花了一英镑买了这袋苹果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A weaker pound can attract international tourists, but it also raises the cost of imported goods.",
    "zh": "英镑贬值可以吸引国际游客，但也会提高进口商品的成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the British pound｜英镑",
   "a pound of butter｜一磅黄油",
   "pound on the door｜猛敲门",
   "heart pounding｜心怦怦直跳"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pounding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英镑和重量单位磅都用pound；复数通常加s。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pound"
 },
 {
  "w": "goal",
  "uk": "/ɡəʊl/",
  "us": "/ɡoʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "目标",
    "en": "Something you want to accomplish through effort."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "进球；进球得分",
    "en": "A score made by sending a ball into a goal."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "球门",
    "en": "A frame or area players aim to send a ball into."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My goal is to swim across the pool unaided.",
    "zh": "我的目标是不靠帮助游到泳池对面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Setting realistic goals can help university students manage their time and maintain motivation during demanding courses.",
    "zh": "设定切合实际的目标能帮助大学生管理时间，并在繁重的课程学习中保持动力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "set a goal｜设定目标",
   "achieve a goal｜实现目标",
   "a long-term goal｜长期目标",
   "score a goal｜进球得分"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "aim",
   "objective",
   "target"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "目标用set或achieve；进球用score a goal。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "goal"
 },
 {
  "w": "disappear",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪsəˈpɪə/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪsəˈpɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "消失；不见；失踪",
    "en": "To become impossible to see or find."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "不复存在；灭绝",
    "en": "To stop existing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the boat disappear into the thick fog.",
    "zh": "我们看着小船消失在浓雾中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many traditional crafts may disappear unless governments support skilled workers and encourage younger generations to learn them.",
    "zh": "除非政府支持技艺工人并鼓励年轻一代学习，否则许多传统手艺可能消失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disappear from view｜从视野中消失",
   "disappear without a trace｜消失得无影无踪",
   "disappear completely｜完全消失"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disappearance (n.)",
   "appear (v.)",
   "appearance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "vanish"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "appear"
  ],
  "tip": "通常是不及物动词，不说 be disappeared。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disappear"
 },
 {
  "w": "push",
  "uk": "/pʊʃ/",
  "us": "/pʊʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推；按",
    "en": "to press something or move it away by applying force"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "敦促；迫使",
    "en": "to strongly encourage or force someone to act"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推动；大力争取",
    "en": "an act of pushing or a determined effort"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you push the trolley while I carry these bags?",
    "zh": "我来拿这些袋子，你能推一下手推车吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should encourage academic progress without pushing students to compete constantly with their classmates.",
    "zh": "学校应鼓励学生在学业上进步，而不是迫使他们不断与同学竞争。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "push a button｜按按钮",
   "push someone to do something｜敦促某人做某事",
   "push for reform｜力争改革",
   "push up prices｜推高价格"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pushy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "pull"
  ],
  "tip": "push表示推，pull表示拉；push for意为力争。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "push"
 },
 {
  "w": "theatre",
  "uk": "/ˈθɪətə/",
  "us": "/ˈθiːətər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "剧院",
    "en": "A building where people watch plays and other live performances."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "戏剧；戏剧艺术",
    "en": "The activity or art of writing, producing, and performing plays."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手术室",
    "en": "A specially equipped room in a hospital where operations happen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We arrived at the theatre just before the play started.",
    "zh": "我们在话剧开演前刚好赶到了剧院。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public funding for theatre can make live performances accessible to audiences who cannot afford expensive tickets.",
    "zh": "对戏剧的公共资助能让买不起高价门票的观众也有机会观看现场演出。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go to the theatre｜去剧院看戏",
   "a theatre company｜剧团",
   "musical theatre｜音乐剧",
   "an operating theatre｜手术室"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "theatrical (adj.)",
   "theatrically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写theatre，美式常写theater；英式电影院用cinema。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "theatre"
 },
 {
  "w": "scientist",
  "uk": "/ˈsaɪəntɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈsaɪəntɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "科学家",
    "en": "Someone who studies the natural world through research and experiments"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The scientist examined a drop of water under the microscope.",
    "zh": "这位科学家用显微镜观察了一滴水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists are developing more efficient batteries to support the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy.",
    "zh": "科学家正在研发效率更高的电池，以支持从化石燃料向可再生能源的转型。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "research scientist｜科研人员",
   "leading scientist｜顶尖科学家",
   "environmental scientist｜环境科学家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "science (n.)",
   "scientific (adj.)",
   "scientifically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "scientist指人，science指科学，scientific是形容词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scientist"
 },
 {
  "w": "Denmark",
  "uk": "/ˈdenmɑːk/",
  "us": "/ˈdenmɑːrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "丹麦",
    "en": "a country in northern Europe, with Copenhagen as its capital"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin moved to Denmark to study architecture.",
    "zh": "我的表亲搬到丹麦去学习建筑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Denmark offers useful examples of how cycling infrastructure can support healthier and more sustainable urban transport.",
    "zh": "丹麦提供了有益范例，说明自行车基础设施如何支持更健康、更可持续的城市交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "visit Denmark｜游览丹麦",
   "live in Denmark｜住在丹麦",
   "the capital of Denmark｜丹麦首都"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Danish (adj.)",
   "Dane (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "国名前通常不加the；丹麦人为Dane。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "denmark"
 },
 {
  "w": "eighth",
  "uk": "/eɪtθ/",
  "us": "/eɪtθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "第八",
    "en": "Coming immediately after seventh in order"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "八分之一",
    "en": "One of eight equal parts of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our apartment is on the eighth floor of this building.",
    "zh": "我们的公寓在这栋楼的八楼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The survey ranked public transport eighth among the factors influencing where young professionals choose to live.",
    "zh": "调查显示，在影响年轻专业人士居住地点选择的因素中，公共交通排在第八位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the eighth floor｜八楼",
   "eighth place｜第八名",
   "one eighth of｜八分之一"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eight (num.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "序数词前通常用the；eighth末尾的th发/θ/。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eighth"
 },
 {
  "w": "luckily",
  "uk": "/ˈlʌkɪli/",
  "us": "/ˈlʌkɪli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "幸好；幸运地",
    "en": "By good fortune, often avoiding an unpleasant result."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My bag fell open, but luckily nothing dropped out.",
    "zh": "我的包掉下来摔开了，幸好没有东西掉出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The storm damaged several classrooms, but luckily the school had already moved its students to a safer building.",
    "zh": "暴风雨损坏了几间教室，但幸好学校已将学生转移到一栋更安全的建筑中。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "luckily for us｜对我们来说幸好",
   "luckily enough｜很幸运",
   "luckily no one was hurt｜幸好无人受伤"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "luck (n.)",
   "lucky (adj.)",
   "unlucky (adj.)",
   "unluckily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fortunately"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfortunately",
   "unluckily"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰整个句子，放句首时通常后接逗号。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "luckily"
 },
 {
  "w": "lovely",
  "uk": "/ˈlʌvli/",
  "us": "/ˈlʌvli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "美丽的；可爱的",
    "en": "beautiful or attractive in a pleasing way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人愉快的；友善的",
    "en": "very pleasant, enjoyable, or kind"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There are lovely yellow flowers beside the kitchen window.",
    "zh": "厨房窗边有一些漂亮的黄色花朵。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving lovely coastal landscapes can attract visitors while giving local residents valuable spaces for outdoor recreation.",
    "zh": "保护美丽的海岸景观既能吸引游客，也能为当地居民提供宝贵的户外休闲空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a lovely view｜美丽的景色",
   "have a lovely time｜玩得愉快",
   "a lovely person｜友善可亲的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "loveliness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "beautiful",
   "delightful",
   "pleasant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unpleasant"
  ],
  "tip": "虽以-ly结尾，却是形容词；英式口语中很常见。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lovely"
 },
 {
  "w": "exit",
  "uk": "/ˈeksɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈeksɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "出口；通道",
    "en": "a door or passage used to leave a place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "离开；退出",
    "en": "to leave a place or close a computer program"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found the exit at the back of the cinema.",
    "zh": "我们在电影院后部找到了出口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public buildings must have clearly visible emergency exits so that occupants can leave safely during an evacuation.",
    "zh": "公共建筑必须设有清晰可见的紧急出口，以便楼内人员在疏散时安全离开。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "emergency exit｜紧急出口",
   "fire exit｜消防出口",
   "nearest exit｜最近的出口",
   "exit a program｜退出程序"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "way out",
   "leave"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "entrance",
   "enter"
  ],
  "tip": "名词指“出口”，动词指“离开”；不要与 exist 混淆。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exit"
 },
 {
  "w": "race",
  "uk": "/reɪs/",
  "us": "/reɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "速度比赛；赛跑",
    "en": "A competition to see who finishes a course fastest."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "种族",
    "en": "A social grouping based on perceived shared ancestry and physical characteristics."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "竞速；飞奔",
    "en": "To compete in speed or move very quickly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the boat race from the bridge.",
    "zh": "我们在桥上观看了划船比赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should ensure that all children receive equal educational opportunities, regardless of their race or family income.",
    "zh": "学校应确保所有儿童都享有平等的教育机会，不论其种族或家庭收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "win a race｜赢得比赛",
   "a relay race｜接力赛",
   "regardless of race｜不分种族",
   "race against time｜争分夺秒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "racer (n.)",
   "racing (n.)",
   "racial (adj.)",
   "racially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "race可指竞速比赛或种族；不要与民族混同。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "race"
 },
 {
  "w": "although",
  "uk": "/ɔːlˈðəʊ/",
  "us": "/ɔːlˈðoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "虽然；尽管",
    "en": "despite the fact that"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Although it was raining, we still walked home.",
    "zh": "虽然下着雨，我们还是走回了家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although renewable energy requires substantial initial investment, it can lower electricity costs in the long term.",
    "zh": "虽然可再生能源需要大量前期投资，但从长远来看，它能降低电力成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "although it is true that｜虽然确实……",
   "although not always｜虽然并非总是"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "though",
   "even though"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "引导让步从句；同一句通常不再用but连接主句。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "although"
 },
 {
  "w": "avoid",
  "uk": "/əˈvɔɪd/",
  "us": "/əˈvɔɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "避免；防止",
    "en": "to prevent something from happening or refrain from doing something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "避开；躲避",
    "en": "to stay away from someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We left early to avoid the morning traffic.",
    "zh": "我们很早就出发了，以避开早高峰的车流。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities should improve public transport to avoid further increases in traffic congestion and air pollution.",
    "zh": "城市应改善公共交通，以避免交通拥堵和空气污染进一步加剧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "avoid doing something｜避免做某事",
   "avoid mistakes｜避免犯错",
   "avoid contact｜避免接触"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "avoidable (adj.)",
   "unavoidable (adj.)",
   "avoidance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "evade",
   "steer clear of"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "confront"
  ],
  "tip": "后接名词或动名词：avoid doing，不用to do。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "avoid"
 },
 {
  "w": "entrance",
  "uk": "/ˈentrəns/",
  "us": "/ˈentrəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "入口；大门",
    "en": "An opening or place through which people enter."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "进入；入学资格",
    "en": "The act of entering or the right to join."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'll meet you at the entrance after lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭后我在入口处与你碰面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should ensure that entrance requirements recognise different educational backgrounds while maintaining appropriate academic standards.",
    "zh": "大学应确保入学要求兼顾不同教育背景，同时维持适当的学术标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the main entrance｜正门",
   "an entrance exam｜入学考试",
   "entrance requirements｜入学要求",
   "an entrance fee｜入场费"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enter (v.)",
   "entry (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "entryway"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "exit"
  ],
  "tip": "某处的入口用entrance to，不用entrance of。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "entrance"
 },
 {
  "w": "shy",
  "uk": "/ʃaɪ/",
  "us": "/ʃaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "害羞的；腼腆的",
    "en": "nervous or uncomfortable when meeting or speaking to people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "因受惊而退缩",
    "en": "to move away suddenly in fear, especially of a horse"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Lina felt shy when she joined the new club.",
    "zh": "莉娜刚加入这个新社团时有些害羞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small group discussions can help shy students gain confidence before speaking in front of the whole class.",
    "zh": "小组讨论可以帮助害羞的学生建立信心，为在全班面前发言做准备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel shy｜感到害羞",
   "painfully shy｜极其腼腆",
   "shy away from｜回避"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shyly (adv.)",
   "shyness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bashful",
   "timid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "outgoing",
   "confident"
  ],
  "tip": "shy away from后接名词或动名词，表示回避。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shy"
 },
 {
  "w": "lemon",
  "uk": "/ˈlemən/",
  "us": "/ˈlemən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "柠檬",
    "en": "a yellow citrus fruit with sour juice"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "浅黄色的；柠檬色的",
    "en": "having a pale yellow colour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I squeezed half a lemon over the grilled fish.",
    "zh": "我把半个柠檬的汁挤在烤鱼上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Adding lemon juice to meals can improve flavour without increasing the amount of salt consumed.",
    "zh": "在餐食中加入柠檬汁可以增添风味，而不增加盐的摄入量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lemon juice｜柠檬汁",
   "a slice of lemon｜一片柠檬",
   "lemon zest｜柠檬皮屑"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "整个柠檬可数；lemon juice中的juice不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lemon"
 },
 {
  "w": "laptop",
  "uk": "/ˈlæptɒp/",
  "us": "/ˈlæptɑːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "笔记本电脑",
    "en": "A portable computer with a screen that folds over its keyboard."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My laptop fits neatly into the front of my backpack.",
    "zh": "我的笔记本电脑正好能放进背包前面的隔层。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing every student with a laptop may improve access to learning resources, but technical support remains essential.",
    "zh": "为每位学生配备笔记本电脑或许能改善学习资源的获取，但技术支持仍然必不可少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "laptop computer｜笔记本电脑",
   "laptop charger｜笔记本电脑充电器",
   "laptop battery｜笔记本电脑电池"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "notebook computer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "laptop是便携电脑；desktop通常指台式电脑。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "laptop"
 },
 {
  "w": "forever",
  "uk": "/fəˈrevə/",
  "us": "/fərˈevər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "永远",
    "en": "for all future time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "老是；不断地",
    "en": "very often, especially in an annoying way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I wish these sunny afternoons could last forever.",
    "zh": "我希望这些阳光明媚的午后能永远持续下去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without effective conservation measures, some rare animal species could disappear forever within the next few decades.",
    "zh": "如果没有有效的保护措施，一些珍稀动物物种可能在未来几十年内永远消失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "last forever｜永远持续",
   "gone forever｜永远消失",
   "forever changing｜不断变化"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "everlastingly",
   "permanently"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "temporarily"
  ],
  "tip": "be forever doing常表示不满：老是做某事。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "forever"
 },
 {
  "w": "dentist",
  "uk": "/ˈdentɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈdentɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牙医",
    "en": "a professional who examines and treats teeth and gums"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dentist checked my teeth and recommended a softer toothbrush.",
    "zh": "牙医检查了我的牙齿，并建议我用更软的牙刷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular visits to a dentist can prevent minor dental problems from developing into serious health conditions.",
    "zh": "定期看牙医可以防止小的牙齿问题发展成严重的健康问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "see a dentist｜看牙医",
   "a dentist's appointment｜牙科预约",
   "a qualified dentist｜有执业资格的牙医"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dental (adj.)",
   "dentistry (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dentist指牙医；the dentist's可指牙医诊所。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dentist"
 },
 {
  "w": "lock",
  "uk": "/lɒk/",
  "us": "/lɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "锁上；锁定",
    "en": "to secure something so it cannot open, move, or be accessed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "锁",
    "en": "a device that keeps something shut until opened correctly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一绺头发",
    "en": "a small section of someone's hair"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please lock the back door before you go upstairs.",
    "zh": "上楼前请把后门锁好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees should lock their computers whenever they leave their desks to prevent unauthorised access to confidential information.",
    "zh": "员工离开办公桌时应锁定电脑，以防机密信息被未经授权的人查看。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lock the door｜锁门",
   "lock the screen｜锁屏",
   "a door lock｜门锁",
   "a lock of hair｜一绺头发"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "unlock (v.)",
   "locked (adj.)",
   "lockable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unlock"
  ],
  "tip": "lock是锁上，unlock是解锁；两者不可混用。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lock"
 },
 {
  "w": "curly",
  "uk": "/ˈkɜːli/",
  "us": "/ˈkɜːrli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "卷曲的；鬈曲的",
    "en": "forming curls or curved shapes, especially when describing hair"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her curly hair bounced as she ran upstairs.",
    "zh": "她跑上楼时，一头卷发随着步伐上下弹动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advertising should represent people with diverse appearances, including those with curly hair and different skin tones.",
    "zh": "广告应展现外貌各异的人，包括卷发者和不同肤色的人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "curly hair｜卷发",
   "naturally curly｜天生卷曲的",
   "a curly tail｜卷曲的尾巴"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "curl (n.)",
   "curl (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "curled"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "straight"
  ],
  "tip": "curly卷曲程度明显；wavy通常指轻柔的波浪状。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "curly"
 },
 {
  "w": "nervous",
  "uk": "/ˈnɜːvəs/",
  "us": "/ˈnɝːvəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "紧张的；忐忑不安的",
    "en": "worried or uneasy about what might happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "神经的；神经系统的",
    "en": "relating to the nerves in the body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt nervous before my first swimming lesson yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天第一次上游泳课前，我感到很紧张。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who feel nervous about examinations may benefit from regular practice and supportive feedback from teachers.",
    "zh": "对考试感到紧张的学生可以从定期练习和教师的鼓励性反馈中获益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nervous about｜对……感到紧张",
   "feel nervous｜感到紧张",
   "nervous system｜神经系统",
   "nervous laugh｜紧张的笑声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nerve (n.)",
   "nervously (adv.)",
   "nervousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "anxious",
   "uneasy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm",
   "relaxed"
  ],
  "tip": "nervous about后接名词或动名词，表示对某事紧张。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nervous"
 },
 {
  "w": "practice",
  "uk": "/ˈpræktɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈpræktɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "练习；训练",
    "en": "Repeated activity done to improve a skill."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "惯例；做法",
    "en": "A usual or established way of doing something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实践；实际应用",
    "en": "The actual use of an idea, method, or skill."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Daily practice helped me play the guitar more confidently.",
    "zh": "每天练习让我弹吉他时更加自信。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should give students opportunities to put scientific knowledge into practice through experiments and practical projects.",
    "zh": "学校应让学生有机会通过实验和实践项目，将科学知识付诸应用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "regular practice｜定期练习",
   "common practice｜惯常做法",
   "in practice｜实际上",
   "put into practice｜付诸实践"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "practise (v.)",
   "practical (adj.)",
   "practitioner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式名词用practice，动词用practise；美式均用practice。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "practice"
 },
 {
  "w": "roof",
  "uk": "/ruːf/",
  "us": "/ruːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "屋顶；顶部",
    "en": "the top covering of a building or vehicle"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……盖屋顶",
    "en": "to cover a building with a roof"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Rain drummed on the roof throughout the night.",
    "zh": "雨点整夜敲打着屋顶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing solar panels on the roof can help households lower electricity bills and reduce their environmental impact.",
    "zh": "在屋顶安装太阳能板，可以帮助家庭降低电费并减少对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flat roof｜平屋顶",
   "roof tiles｜屋顶瓦片",
   "under one roof｜在同一屋檐下",
   "roof leak｜屋顶漏水"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "roofing (n.)",
   "rooftop (n.)",
   "roofless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数是roofs；roof指外部屋顶，ceiling指室内天花板。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "roof"
 },
 {
  "w": "narrow",
  "uk": "/ˈnærəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈnæroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "狭窄的",
    "en": "having little distance from one side to the other"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有限的；勉强的",
    "en": "limited in range or achieved by only a small margin"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缩小；变窄",
    "en": "to become or make something less wide or extensive"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The narrow path only allows us to walk single file.",
    "zh": "这条狭窄的小路只容得下我们排成一列走。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should invest in rural schools to narrow the educational gap between urban and remote communities.",
    "zh": "政府应投资乡村学校，缩小城市与偏远社区之间的教育差距。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a narrow street｜狭窄的街道",
   "a narrow victory｜险胜",
   "narrow the gap｜缩小差距",
   "narrow down the options｜缩小选择范围"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "narrowly (adv.)",
   "narrowness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "wide",
   "widen"
  ],
  "tip": "narrow down表示缩小选择范围，不指道路变窄。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "narrow"
 },
 {
  "w": "anymore",
  "uk": "/ˌeniˈmɔː/",
  "us": "/ˌeniˈmɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "再也（不）；（不）再",
    "en": "Any longer, usually in negative statements."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I don't take the bus to school anymore.",
    "zh": "我不再坐公交车上学了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many employees do not commute every day anymore because their employers now offer flexible working arrangements.",
    "zh": "许多员工不再每天通勤，因为雇主如今提供灵活的工作安排。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "not live here anymore｜不再住在这里",
   "not need it anymore｜不再需要它"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "any longer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“不再”；英式常写any more，数量“更多”须分写。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anymore"
 },
 {
  "w": "ill",
  "uk": "/ɪl/",
  "us": "/ɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "生病的；身体不适的",
    "en": "Suffering from a disease or feeling unwell."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "恶劣地；不友善地",
    "en": "In a bad or unkind way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt ill after the long bus journey.",
    "zh": "长途乘车后，我感到身体不适。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees who are ill should be encouraged to rest rather than return to work immediately.",
    "zh": "应鼓励生病的员工休息，而不是立即返岗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "seriously ill｜病得很重",
   "fall ill｜生病",
   "speak ill of｜说……的坏话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "illness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unwell",
   "sick"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "well",
   "healthy"
  ],
  "tip": "表示生病时通常作表语：be ill。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ill"
 },
 {
  "w": "stone",
  "uk": "/stəʊn/",
  "us": "/stoʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "石头；石料",
    "en": "Hard natural material from the ground, or a piece of it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结石",
    "en": "A hard mass that forms inside an organ."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "果核",
    "en": "The hard central part of some fruits containing the seed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She picked up a smooth stone beside the lake.",
    "zh": "她在湖边捡起了一块光滑的石头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Buildings constructed from local stone can preserve regional character and reduce the environmental costs of transporting materials.",
    "zh": "使用当地石料建造的建筑可以保留地域特色，并降低运输建材带来的环境成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "made of stone｜石制的",
   "precious stone｜宝石",
   "kidney stone｜肾结石",
   "a stone wall｜石墙"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stony (adj.)",
   "stonemason (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "石料用不可数stone；一块石头用a stone。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stone"
 },
 {
  "w": "Bristol",
  "uk": "/ˈbrɪstəl/",
  "us": "/ˈbrɪstəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "布里斯托尔（英国城市）",
    "en": "A city in southwestern England with a historic port."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked around the harbour in Bristol yesterday.",
    "zh": "我们昨天在布里斯托尔的港口周围散了步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Bristol provides an interesting example of how historic waterfront areas can be adapted for modern urban life.",
    "zh": "布里斯托尔提供了一个有趣的例子，展示历史悠久的滨水地区如何适应现代城市生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Bristol Harbour｜布里斯托尔港",
   "central Bristol｜布里斯托尔市中心",
   "the city of Bristol｜布里斯托尔市"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Bristolian (n.)",
   "Bristolian (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "重音在首音节；位于英格兰西南部。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bristol"
 },
 {
  "w": "birth",
  "uk": "/bɜːθ/",
  "us": "/bɝːθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "出生；分娩",
    "en": "The event or process of a baby being born."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "起源；诞生",
    "en": "The beginning of something new."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The whole family celebrated the birth of our daughter.",
    "zh": "全家人都庆祝了我们女儿的出生。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to skilled medical care during birth significantly improves health outcomes for both mothers and newborn babies.",
    "zh": "分娩时获得专业医疗护理能显著改善母亲和新生儿的健康状况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "give birth to｜生下；产生",
   "date of birth｜出生日期",
   "birth rate｜出生率",
   "the birth of a movement｜一场运动的诞生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "born (adj.)",
   "childbirth (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "death"
  ],
  "tip": "give birth to表示生下；be born表示出生。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "birth"
 },
 {
  "w": "tenth",
  "uk": "/tenθ/",
  "us": "/tenθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "第十",
    "en": "in the position after ninth and before eleventh"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "十分之一",
    "en": "one of ten equal parts of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our apartment is on the tenth floor of this building.",
    "zh": "我们的公寓在这栋楼的第十层。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Only a tenth of the survey participants regularly cycled to work, suggesting considerable scope for improving cycling infrastructure.",
    "zh": "调查参与者中只有十分之一经常骑车上班，这说明自行车基础设施仍有很大的改善空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the tenth floor｜第十层",
   "a tenth of｜……的十分之一",
   "tenth place｜第十名"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ten (num.)",
   "tenthly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "第十通常用the tenth；十分之一用a tenth。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tenth"
 },
 {
  "w": "calendar",
  "uk": "/ˈkælɪndə/",
  "us": "/ˈkæləndər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "日历；日程表",
    "en": "A chart of dates or a schedule of events."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "历法",
    "en": "A system for dividing time into years, months, and days."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I marked our camping weekend on the kitchen calendar.",
    "zh": "我在厨房的日历上标出了周末露营的日子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should publish an annual calendar so families can plan holidays around important educational events.",
    "zh": "学校应公布年度日程表，方便家庭避开重要教学活动来安排假期。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "academic calendar｜校历",
   "calendar year｜公历年",
   "lunar calendar｜阴历"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "calendar year指一月至十二月，不等于学年。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "calendar"
 },
 {
  "w": "comb",
  "uk": "/kəʊm/",
  "us": "/koʊm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "梳子",
    "en": "A toothed tool used to arrange or tidy hair."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "梳理；仔细搜寻",
    "en": "To tidy hair with a comb, or search an area thoroughly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She pulled a comb from her bag and tidied her hair.",
    "zh": "她从包里拿出梳子，梳理了一下头发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Volunteers combed the beach for plastic waste before the start of the summer tourist season.",
    "zh": "暑期旅游季开始前，志愿者仔细搜寻海滩上的塑料垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "comb your hair｜梳头",
   "a fine-toothed comb｜细齿梳",
   "comb through｜仔细搜查"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "词尾b不发音；comb through表示仔细搜查。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "comb"
 },
 {
  "w": "golf",
  "uk": "/ɡɒlf/",
  "us": "/ɡɑːlf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "高尔夫球运动",
    "en": "A sport hitting a small ball into holes with clubs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather plays golf with his friends every Sunday.",
    "zh": "我祖父每周日都和朋友打高尔夫球。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Golf courses can attract tourists, but maintaining their grass may require considerable amounts of water.",
    "zh": "高尔夫球场可以吸引游客，但养护草坪可能需要大量用水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play golf｜打高尔夫球",
   "a golf course｜高尔夫球场",
   "a golf club｜高尔夫球杆；高尔夫俱乐部",
   "a round of golf｜一轮高尔夫球"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "golfer (n.)",
   "golfing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "球类运动前通常不加冠词：play golf。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "golf"
 },
 {
  "w": "noisy",
  "uk": "/ˈnɔɪzi/",
  "us": "/ˈnɔɪzi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "嘈杂的；吵闹的",
    "en": "making a lot of loud or unpleasant sounds"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our noisy washing machine woke everyone up this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，吵闹的洗衣机把大家都吵醒了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Living near noisy roads can affect sleep quality and increase stress among urban residents.",
    "zh": "住在嘈杂的道路附近可能影响城市居民的睡眠质量并加重压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a noisy neighbour｜吵闹的邻居",
   "a noisy environment｜嘈杂的环境",
   "a noisy crowd｜喧闹的人群"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "noise (n.)",
   "noisily (adv.)",
   "noisiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "loud"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "quiet",
   "silent"
  ],
  "tip": "noisy是形容词，noise是名词；注意不是nosy。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "noisy"
 },
 {
  "w": "bench",
  "uk": "/bentʃ/",
  "us": "/bentʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "长凳",
    "en": "A long seat designed for several people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工作台",
    "en": "A sturdy table used for practical work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "让球员替补；不派上场",
    "en": "To keep a player out of a game."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared a park bench and watched the ducks.",
    "zh": "我们一起坐在公园长凳上看鸭子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing benches along pedestrian routes can make city centres more accessible to older residents and people with limited mobility.",
    "zh": "沿步行路线设置长凳，可以让老年居民和行动不便者更方便地使用市中心空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a park bench｜公园长凳",
   "a wooden bench｜木制长凳",
   "a work bench｜工作台",
   "the substitutes' bench｜替补席"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "长凳常无靠背，但并非一定如此；工作台也可用bench。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bench"
 },
 {
  "w": "secret",
  "uk": "/ˈsiːkrət/",
  "us": "/ˈsiːkrət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "秘密的；保密的",
    "en": "Kept hidden from people who should not know."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "秘密",
    "en": "Information known only to a limited group of people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "秘诀；诀窍",
    "en": "An important way of achieving a particular result."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We planned a secret picnic for our grandparents.",
    "zh": "我们悄悄为祖父母策划了一次野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must balance the need to keep information secret with the public's right to know.",
    "zh": "政府必须在信息保密的需要与公众的知情权之间取得平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep a secret｜保守秘密",
   "in secret｜秘密地",
   "secret information｜机密信息",
   "the secret to success｜成功的秘诀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "secrecy (n.)",
   "secretly (adv.)",
   "secretive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "confidential",
   "hidden"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "public"
  ],
  "tip": "秘诀常用the secret to，to后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "secret"
 },
 {
  "w": "rise",
  "uk": "/raɪz/",
  "us": "/raɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "上升；增加；上涨",
    "en": "To move upwards or become greater in amount or level."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "起身；站起来",
    "en": "To get up from sitting or lying down."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "上升；增长；上涨",
    "en": "An increase in amount, level, or value."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Warm air rises above the heater beside my desk.",
    "zh": "我书桌旁的暖气上方，热空气向上升腾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A sharp rise in housing costs has forced many young adults to delay moving into their own homes.",
    "zh": "住房成本大幅上涨，迫使许多年轻人推迟搬出去独立居住。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sharp rise｜急剧上涨",
   "rise steadily｜稳步上升",
   "rise to your feet｜站起身",
   "a rise in prices｜物价上涨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rising (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "increase",
   "climb"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fall",
   "decrease"
  ],
  "tip": "rise不及物，过去式rose，过去分词risen；raise及物。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rise"
 },
 {
  "w": "sir",
  "uk": "/sɜː/",
  "us": "/sɝː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "先生；老师（尊称）",
    "en": "A polite way to address a man or male teacher."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爵士（姓名前的头衔）",
    "en": "A title used before a knight's or baronet's name."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Excuse me, sir, you left your umbrella behind.",
    "zh": "打扰一下，先生，您忘拿伞了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In some schools, students address male teachers as sir to show respect during lessons.",
    "zh": "在一些学校，学生上课时用 sir 称呼男教师，以示尊重。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "yes, sir｜是的，先生",
   "excuse me, sir｜打扰一下，先生",
   "Dear Sir｜尊敬的先生（信函称呼）"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "爵士头衔用Sir加名字或全名，不单加姓氏。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sir"
 },
 {
  "w": "wind",
  "uk": "/wɪnd/, /waɪnd/",
  "us": "/wɪnd/, /waɪnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "风",
    "en": "Air moving naturally outdoors."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缠绕；卷绕",
    "en": "To wrap something around an object or itself."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "蜿蜒；曲折延伸",
    "en": "To follow a route with many bends and turns."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A sudden gust of wind blew my hat away.",
    "zh": "突然一阵风把我的帽子吹走了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in wind power can help countries reduce their dependence on fossil fuels and lower carbon emissions.",
    "zh": "投资风能可以帮助各国减少对化石燃料的依赖，并降低碳排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a gust of wind｜一阵风",
   "wind power｜风能",
   "wind a clock｜给钟上发条",
   "wind through｜蜿蜒穿过"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "windy (adj.)",
   "winding (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "风读/wɪnd/；缠绕读/waɪnd/，过去式wound。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wind"
 },
 {
  "w": "Thai",
  "uk": "/taɪ/",
  "us": "/taɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "泰国的；泰语的",
    "en": "relating to Thailand, its people, or its language"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "泰语",
    "en": "the main language spoken in Thailand"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "泰国人",
    "en": "a person from Thailand"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared a delicious Thai curry for dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭我们一起吃了一道美味的泰式咖喱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Thai cuisine attracts international visitors and provides valuable opportunities for local restaurants and cooking schools.",
    "zh": "泰国菜吸引着国际游客，也为当地餐馆和烹饪学校提供了宝贵的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Thai cuisine｜泰国菜",
   "Thai culture｜泰国文化",
   "speak Thai｜说泰语"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "Thai首字母始终大写；泰国是Thailand。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thai"
 },
 {
  "w": "suppose",
  "uk": "/səˈpəʊz/",
  "us": "/səˈpoʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "认为；推测",
    "en": "To think something is probably true without being certain."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "假设；设想",
    "en": "To imagine a situation in order to consider its consequences."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I suppose we can eat outside if it stays warm.",
    "zh": "我想，如果天气一直这么暖和，我们可以在外面吃饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Suppose every household used less electricity; the combined reduction in demand could significantly benefit the environment.",
    "zh": "假设每户家庭都减少用电，需求的总体下降就可能为环境带来显著益处。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "I suppose so｜我想是吧",
   "suppose that｜假设；认为",
   "be supposed to do｜应该做；按安排做"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "supposition (n.)",
   "supposed (adj.)",
   "supposedly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assume",
   "presume"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be supposed to表示应该或按安排做某事。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suppose"
 },
 {
  "w": "wood",
  "uk": "/wʊd/",
  "us": "/wʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "木材；木头",
    "en": "the hard material forming tree trunks and branches"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "树林",
    "en": "an area of land covered with trees"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This little chair is made entirely of solid wood.",
    "zh": "这把小椅子完全由实木制成。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using wood from responsibly managed forests can reduce the environmental impact of constructing new homes.",
    "zh": "使用来自负责任管理的森林的木材，可以减少建造新住宅对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "solid wood｜实木",
   "wood carving｜木雕",
   "a piece of wood｜一块木头",
   "walk in the woods｜在树林中散步"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wooden (adj.)",
   "wooded (adj.)",
   "woodland (n.)",
   "woody (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "timber"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "木材义不可数；树林可说a wood或the woods。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wood"
 },
 {
  "w": "private",
  "uk": "/ˈpraɪvət/",
  "us": "/ˈpraɪvət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "私人的；非公开的",
    "en": "For a particular person or group, not for everyone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "私营的；私有的",
    "en": "Owned or managed independently of the government."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "私密的；保密的",
    "en": "Not intended to be known or shared with others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each guest has a private bathroom beside their bedroom.",
    "zh": "每位客人的卧室旁都有一间专用浴室。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Private companies can improve public transport, but governments must ensure that fares remain affordable.",
    "zh": "私营公司可以改善公共交通，但政府必须确保票价仍在民众承受范围内。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "private property｜私有财产",
   "private sector｜私营部门",
   "private life｜私生活",
   "in private｜私下地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "privately (adv.)",
   "privacy (n.)",
   "privatise (v.)",
   "privatisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "public"
  ],
  "tip": "in private表示私下地；in public表示公开地。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "private"
 },
 {
  "w": "million",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪljən/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪljən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "一百万",
    "en": "the number equal to a thousand thousands"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The city now has more than a million residents.",
    "zh": "这座城市如今有一百多万居民。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The government plans to invest several million pounds in renewable energy projects over the next decade.",
    "zh": "政府计划在未来十年向可再生能源项目投入数百万英镑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a million people｜一百万人",
   "two million pounds｜两百万英镑",
   "millions of people｜数百万人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "具体数词后million不加s；millions of表示数百万。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "million"
 },
 {
  "w": "silly",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪli/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "愚蠢的；不明智的",
    "en": "Showing poor judgment or a lack of sensible thought"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "滑稽的；逗趣的",
    "en": "Playfully funny in a way that is not serious"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was silly to leave my umbrella at home.",
    "zh": "把伞留在家里真是不明智。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should avoid calling any question silly, as this may discourage students from participating in class.",
    "zh": "教师应避免说任何问题愚蠢，因为这可能打击学生参与课堂的积极性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "silly mistake｜愚蠢的错误",
   "silly question｜傻问题",
   "silly joke｜无厘头的笑话",
   "feel silly｜觉得自己很傻"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "silliness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "foolish"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sensible"
  ],
  "tip": "语气通常比stupid轻，也可表示逗趣、不正经。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "silly"
 },
 {
  "w": "repair",
  "uk": "/rɪˈpeə/",
  "us": "/rɪˈper/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "修理；修复",
    "en": "To make something damaged or broken work properly again"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "修理；维修",
    "en": "Work done to restore something damaged or broken"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "补救；修复关系",
    "en": "To improve a damaged relationship or put a situation right"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you repair the broken zip on my jacket?",
    "zh": "你能修好我夹克上坏掉的拉链吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Encouraging consumers to repair household appliances rather than replace them could significantly reduce electronic waste.",
    "zh": "鼓励消费者维修而非更换家用电器，可以显著减少电子垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "repair damage｜修复损坏",
   "carry out repairs｜进行维修",
   "beyond repair｜无法修复",
   "in good repair｜保养良好"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "repairable (adj.)",
   "irreparable (adj.)",
   "repairer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fix",
   "mend"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "damage"
  ],
  "tip": "具体维修常用复数repairs；beyond repair表示无法修复。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "repair"
 },
 {
  "w": "shut",
  "uk": "/ʃʌt/",
  "us": "/ʃʌt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "关闭；关上；停业",
    "en": "to close something or stop being open for business"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "关闭的；不营业的",
    "en": "closed or not open for business"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please shut the window before the rain gets in.",
    "zh": "请在雨飘进来之前把窗户关上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When local libraries shut, residents lose valuable access to free learning resources and shared community spaces.",
    "zh": "当本地图书馆关闭时，居民便失去了宝贵的免费学习资源和共享社区空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shut the door｜关门",
   "shut your eyes｜闭上眼睛",
   "shut down a factory｜关闭工厂",
   "keep something shut｜让某物保持关闭"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shutdown (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "close"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "open"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为shut；现在分词为shutting。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shut"
 },
 {
  "w": "myself",
  "uk": "/maɪˈself/",
  "us": "/maɪˈself/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "我自己",
    "en": "Used when I am both the person acting and receiving."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "我亲自；我本人",
    "en": "Used to emphasize that I personally do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I made myself a sandwich before the walk.",
    "zh": "散步前，我给自己做了个三明治。"
   },
   {
    "en": "By volunteering at a community garden, I taught myself practical skills that formal education rarely provides.",
    "zh": "通过在社区花园做志愿者，我自学了正规教育很少传授的实用技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "by myself｜独自；独立地",
   "teach myself｜自学",
   "enjoy myself｜玩得开心",
   "not feel myself｜感觉不在状态"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "by myself表示独自或独立；不能用myself代替主语I。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "myself"
 },
 {
  "w": "already",
  "uk": "/ɔːlˈredi/",
  "us": "/ɔːlˈredi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "已经；早已",
    "en": "before now or earlier than expected"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I have already packed my bag for tomorrow.",
    "zh": "我已经收拾好明天要用的包了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many cities have already introduced cycling schemes to reduce traffic congestion and improve public health.",
    "zh": "许多城市已经推出骑行计划，以缓解交通拥堵并改善公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have already done｜已经做过",
   "already available｜已经可以获得",
   "already in place｜已经就位；已落实"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常置于助动词后、实义动词前；表示已经或比预期早。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "already"
 },
 {
  "w": "medicine",
  "uk": "/ˈmedɪsən/",
  "us": "/ˈmedɪsən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "药；药物",
    "en": "A substance used to treat or prevent illness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "医学；医术",
    "en": "The study and practice of treating and preventing illness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pharmacist explained how often to take the medicine.",
    "zh": "药剂师解释了这种药应该多久服用一次。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in medicine have increased life expectancy, but access to effective treatment remains unequal across regions.",
    "zh": "医学进步延长了预期寿命，但各地区获得有效治疗的机会仍不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take medicine｜服药",
   "study medicine｜学医",
   "preventive medicine｜预防医学",
   "prescribe medicine｜开药"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "medical (adj.)",
   "medically (adv.)",
   "medicinal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "服药用take medicine；表示医学时不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "medicine"
 },
 {
  "w": "closed",
  "uk": "/kləʊzd/",
  "us": "/kloʊzd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "关着的；闭合的",
    "en": "not open"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "停止营业的",
    "en": "not available for business or public use"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不接受新思想的",
    "en": "unwilling to consider different ideas"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep the window closed while the heating is on.",
    "zh": "开着暖气时，请把窗户关好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When local libraries remain closed at weekends, working families have fewer opportunities to access educational resources.",
    "zh": "如果当地图书馆周末不开放，上班族家庭获取教育资源的机会就会减少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep something closed｜使某物保持关闭",
   "closed for repairs｜停业维修",
   "a closed mind｜封闭的思想"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "close (v.)",
   "closure (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shut"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "open"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词意为“关着的”；也是close的过去式和过去分词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "closed"
 },
 {
  "w": "learning",
  "uk": "/ˈlɜːnɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈlɝːnɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学习",
    "en": "The process of gaining knowledge or skills through study or experience."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学问；学识",
    "en": "Knowledge gained through extensive study."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Learning becomes easier when I practise a little every day.",
    "zh": "每天练习一点，学习就变得更容易了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage independent learning by giving students opportunities to investigate questions beyond the standard curriculum.",
    "zh": "学校可以让学生探索常规课程之外的问题，以鼓励自主学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lifelong learning｜终身学习",
   "independent learning｜自主学习",
   "a learning environment｜学习环境",
   "a steep learning curve｜陡峭的学习曲线"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "learn (v.)",
   "learner (n.)",
   "learned (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；强调学习过程，knowledge强调所掌握的知识。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "learning"
 },
 {
  "w": "fishing",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪʃɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪʃɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钓鱼；捕鱼",
    "en": "the activity of catching fish for pleasure or food"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We went fishing by the lake before breakfast.",
    "zh": "早饭前，我们去湖边钓鱼了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strict limits on commercial fishing can help marine ecosystems recover and support coastal communities in the long term.",
    "zh": "严格限制商业捕鱼能帮助海洋生态系统恢复，并长期支持沿海社区的生计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go fishing｜去钓鱼",
   "fishing rod｜钓竿",
   "commercial fishing｜商业捕鱼",
   "fishing village｜渔村"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fish (n.)",
   "fish (v.)",
   "fisher (n.)",
   "fishery (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "说“去钓鱼”用go fishing，不用go to fishing。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fishing"
 },
 {
  "w": "kick",
  "uk": "/kɪk/",
  "us": "/kɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "踢",
    "en": "to hit something with your foot"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "踢；踢击",
    "en": "an act of hitting something with your foot"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She kicked the ball gently towards her little brother.",
    "zh": "她轻轻地把球踢向弟弟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children learn to kick and throw balls through activities that improve coordination and encourage teamwork.",
    "zh": "孩子们通过能够改善协调能力、培养团队精神的活动学习踢球和投球。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "kick a ball｜踢球",
   "kick a habit｜戒掉习惯",
   "free kick｜任意球"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "kicker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "kick用脚踢；hit泛指击打，不限定用什么。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kick"
 },
 {
  "w": "certain",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːtən/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "确信的；有把握的",
    "en": "having no doubt about something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "必然的；确定的",
    "en": "definitely going to happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "某个；某些",
    "en": "particular but not named or fully described"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'm certain I left my keys on the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "我确信自己把钥匙放在厨房桌上了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Certain types of public transport are more suitable for densely populated cities than rural areas.",
    "zh": "某些类型的公共交通更适合人口密集的城市，而非农村地区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "certain of｜对……有把握",
   "certain to happen｜必然发生",
   "make certain｜确保",
   "certain types of｜某些类型的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "certainty (n.)",
   "certainly (adv.)",
   "uncertain (adj.)",
   "uncertainty (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sure"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uncertain"
  ],
  "tip": "人作主语时，certain of表确信；certain to表必然。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "certain"
 },
 {
  "w": "department",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpɑːtmənt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "部门；司局；系",
    "en": "a division of an organisation responsible for a particular subject"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "商店的商品部",
    "en": "an area of a shop selling a particular type of product"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please ask our sales department about the delivery date.",
    "zh": "请向我们的销售部门询问送货日期。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each university department should review its courses regularly to ensure they reflect developments in the relevant field.",
    "zh": "大学各系应定期审查课程，确保课程反映相关领域的发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sales department｜销售部",
   "government department｜政府部门",
   "department head｜部门负责人",
   "department store｜百货商店"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "departmental (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "division",
   "section"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "大学的系可用department；学院通常用faculty或school。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "department"
 },
 {
  "w": "necklace",
  "uk": "/ˈnekləs/",
  "us": "/ˈnekləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "项链",
    "en": "a piece of jewellery worn around the neck"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wore a silver necklace with a tiny bird.",
    "zh": "她戴着一条带有小鸟吊坠的银项链。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A handmade necklace can reflect local traditions while providing income for craftspeople in rural communities.",
    "zh": "一条手工项链既能体现当地传统，也能为农村社区的手工艺人带来收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wear a necklace｜戴项链",
   "a pearl necklace｜珍珠项链",
   "a silver necklace｜银项链"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "结尾-lace读/ləs/，不是单词lace的读音。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "necklace"
 },
 {
  "w": "corner",
  "uk": "/ˈkɔːnə/",
  "us": "/ˈkɔːrnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "角落；拐角",
    "en": "A place where two sides, walls, or streets meet."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逼入困境；使无路可逃",
    "en": "To trap someone so they cannot escape or avoid answering."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We put a small lamp in the corner.",
    "zh": "我们在角落里放了一盏小灯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shops on street corners can encourage walking by making everyday services more accessible to local residents.",
    "zh": "街角商店让当地居民更方便地获得日常服务，从而鼓励人们步行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "street corner｜街角",
   "around the corner｜在拐角处；即将到来",
   "in the corner｜在角落里",
   "corner the market｜垄断市场"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "室内角落用in the corner；街道拐角常用on或at。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "corner"
 },
 {
  "w": "soft",
  "uk": "/sɒft/",
  "us": "/sɔːft/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "柔软的；软的",
    "en": "easy to press, bend, or change in shape"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "轻柔的；柔和的",
    "en": "gentle and not loud, bright, or harsh"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不严厉的；心软的",
    "en": "not strict or severe enough"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This soft blanket keeps me warm on chilly evenings.",
    "zh": "这条柔软的毯子让我在寒冷的夜晚保持温暖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Soft lighting and comfortable furniture can make hospital waiting areas feel less stressful for patients.",
    "zh": "柔和的灯光和舒适的家具可以减轻患者在医院候诊区的紧张感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "soft skin｜柔软的皮肤",
   "a soft voice｜轻柔的声音",
   "soft lighting｜柔和的灯光",
   "be soft on｜对……宽容"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "soften (v.)",
   "softness (n.)",
   "softly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "hard",
   "harsh"
  ],
  "tip": "soft是形容词；修饰说话等动作通常用softly。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "soft"
 },
 {
  "w": "ordinary",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːdənəri/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːrdəneri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "普通的；平常的",
    "en": "Normal or usual, without special or unusual features."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It looked like an ordinary box until we opened it.",
    "zh": "打开之前，它看起来就是一个普通盒子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planning should reflect the needs of ordinary residents rather than focus exclusively on attracting wealthy investors.",
    "zh": "城市规划应反映普通居民的需求，而不是只顾吸引富有的投资者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ordinary people｜普通人",
   "ordinary life｜平常生活",
   "an ordinary day｜平凡的一天",
   "out of the ordinary｜不寻常"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ordinarily (adv.)",
   "extraordinary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "normal",
   "usual",
   "unremarkable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "extraordinary",
   "unusual"
  ],
  "tip": "ordinary强调不特别；不等于表示平均水平的average。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ordinary"
 },
 {
  "w": "gun",
  "uk": "/ɡʌn/",
  "us": "/ɡʌn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "枪；炮",
    "en": "a weapon that fires bullets or shells"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "枪状工具",
    "en": "a tool shaped like a gun that releases a substance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old gun was displayed behind glass at the museum.",
    "zh": "那支旧枪陈列在博物馆的玻璃展柜里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strict gun storage regulations can help prevent accidents and improve safety within local communities.",
    "zh": "严格的枪支存放规定有助于预防事故，提高当地社区的安全水平。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gun control｜枪支管制",
   "a loaded gun｜装有弹药的枪",
   "a glue gun｜胶枪",
   "a spray gun｜喷枪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gunfire (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "firearm"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gun也可指枪状工具，如glue gun（胶枪）。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gun"
 },
 {
  "w": "care",
  "uk": "/keə/",
  "us": "/ker/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "照料；护理",
    "en": "Support and attention given to someone who needs help"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "关心；在意",
    "en": "To feel concern or consider something important"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小心；谨慎",
    "en": "Attention given to avoiding mistakes or damage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother receives excellent care at the local clinic.",
    "zh": "我奶奶在当地诊所得到很好的照料。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable childcare enables more parents to remain employed while ensuring that young children receive appropriate care.",
    "zh": "价格可负担的托育服务让更多家长能够继续工作，同时确保幼儿得到妥善照料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "medical care｜医疗护理",
   "take care of｜照顾",
   "care about｜关心；在意",
   "with care｜小心地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "careful (adj.)",
   "careless (adj.)",
   "caring (adj.)",
   "carefully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "concern",
   "attention"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "neglect"
  ],
  "tip": "care about指在意；care for可指照料或喜欢。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "care"
 },
 {
  "w": "finger",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪŋɡə/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪŋɡɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手指",
    "en": "one of the long movable parts of a hand"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用手指触摸或拨弄",
    "en": "to touch or handle something with your fingers"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wore a silver ring on her middle finger.",
    "zh": "她的中指上戴着一枚银戒指。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tasks requiring precise finger movements can help young children develop coordination before they learn to write.",
    "zh": "需要手指精细动作的任务可以帮助幼儿在学习写字前发展协调能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "index finger｜食指",
   "middle finger｜中指",
   "point a finger at｜用手指指向；指责"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fingertip (n.)",
   "fingernail (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不包括拇指；拇指专称thumb。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "finger"
 },
 {
  "w": "worry",
  "uk": "/ˈwʌri/",
  "us": "/ˈwɜːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "担心；使担忧",
    "en": "To feel anxious, or make someone feel anxious."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "担忧；令人担忧的事",
    "en": "An anxious feeling or something that causes it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I worry about my cat when she stays outside.",
    "zh": "猫待在外面时，我会担心她。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many parents worry that excessive screen time may affect their children's sleep and concentration.",
    "zh": "许多家长担心，过长的屏幕使用时间可能影响孩子的睡眠和注意力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "worry about｜担心",
   "a major worry｜一大忧虑",
   "cause worry｜引起担忧",
   "financial worries｜经济方面的忧虑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "worried (adj.)",
   "worrying (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "concern"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "worry about表示担心某事；worried描述人的状态。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "worry"
 },
 {
  "w": "fashion",
  "uk": "/ˈfæʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈfæʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "时尚；流行款式",
    "en": "A style of clothing or behaviour popular at a particular time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方式",
    "en": "A particular way of doing something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "制作；塑造",
    "en": "Make or shape something, often using simple materials"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister follows fashion but rarely buys expensive clothes.",
    "zh": "我姐姐关注时尚，但很少买昂贵的衣服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The fashion industry can reduce its environmental impact by producing durable clothing and using recycled materials.",
    "zh": "时装行业可以通过生产耐穿的衣服和使用回收材料来减少对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in fashion｜流行的",
   "out of fashion｜过时的",
   "fashion industry｜时装行业",
   "in a similar fashion｜以类似的方式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fashionable (adj.)",
   "fashionably (adv.)",
   "unfashionable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "style",
   "vogue"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表方式时常用in a ... fashion，语气较正式。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fashion"
 },
 {
  "w": "ship",
  "uk": "/ʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大船；海船",
    "en": "A large boat carrying people or goods, especially at sea."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "运输；运送",
    "en": "To send goods somewhere by sea, air, or land."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a huge ship glide into the harbour.",
    "zh": "我们看着一艘巨轮缓缓驶入港口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many countries ship agricultural products overseas, making reliable transport networks essential for economic growth.",
    "zh": "许多国家向海外运送农产品，因此可靠的运输网络对经济增长至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cargo ship｜货船",
   "cruise ship｜游轮",
   "ship goods｜运送货物",
   "on board a ship｜在船上"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shipping (n.)",
   "shipment (n.)",
   "shipper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "vessel",
   "transport"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ship作动词不只指海运，也可指陆运或空运。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ship"
 },
 {
  "w": "slipper",
  "uk": "/ˈslɪpə/",
  "us": "/ˈslɪpɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拖鞋；室内便鞋",
    "en": "A soft, comfortable shoe worn inside the home."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I found my missing slipper underneath the sofa.",
    "zh": "我在沙发下面找到了丢失的那只拖鞋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing slippers in shared accommodation can improve comfort, although regular cleaning remains essential for good hygiene.",
    "zh": "在合住场所提供拖鞋能提升舒适度，但保持良好卫生仍离不开定期清洁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of slippers｜一双拖鞋",
   "put on your slippers｜穿上拖鞋",
   "bedroom slippers｜卧室拖鞋"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常用复数slippers；人字拖常叫flip-flops。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slipper"
 },
 {
  "w": "badly",
  "uk": "/ˈbædli/",
  "us": "/ˈbædli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "差劲地；糟糕地",
    "en": "In a way that is poor, unsuccessful, or unacceptable"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "严重地",
    "en": "To a serious or harmful degree"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "非常；迫切地",
    "en": "Very much, especially when wanting or needing something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I slept badly because the room was too hot.",
    "zh": "房间太热，我睡得很不好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poorly maintained roads can badly affect rural communities by limiting access to schools, hospitals, and markets.",
    "zh": "维护不善的道路会限制人们前往学校、医院和市场，严重影响农村社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "perform badly｜表现不佳",
   "badly damaged｜严重受损",
   "badly needed｜急需的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bad (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "poorly",
   "severely"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "well"
  ],
  "tip": "比较级worse，最高级worst；不是bad的形容词用法。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "badly"
 },
 {
  "w": "count",
  "uk": "/kaʊnt/",
  "us": "/kaʊnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "数；计数",
    "en": "to find how many things there are"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "重要；有价值",
    "en": "to matter or have an important effect"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计数；总数",
    "en": "the act of counting, or the total found"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please count the plates before our guests arrive.",
    "zh": "请在客人到来之前数一下盘子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When evaluating educational success, students' confidence and creativity should count as much as examination results.",
    "zh": "评估教育成效时，学生的自信和创造力应与考试成绩同样重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "count up｜合计",
   "lose count｜数不清；忘记数到哪里",
   "count on someone｜依靠某人",
   "every minute counts｜每分钟都很重要"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "countable (adj.)",
   "countless (adj.)",
   "uncountable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tally"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "count on意为依靠；count作“重要”时不及物。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "count"
 },
 {
  "w": "situation",
  "uk": "/ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "情况；形势；处境",
    "en": "The conditions and events affecting someone or something at a time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We faced a difficult situation when our car broke down.",
    "zh": "汽车抛锚时，我们陷入了困境。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The housing situation has become increasingly difficult for young people living in major cities.",
    "zh": "对居住在大城市的年轻人来说，住房形势已变得日益严峻。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a difficult situation｜困境",
   "the current situation｜当前形势",
   "deal with a situation｜应对某种情况"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "situational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "circumstances"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示处于某种情况，用in a situation。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "situation"
 },
 {
  "w": "pilot",
  "uk": "/ˈpaɪlət/",
  "us": "/ˈpaɪlət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "飞行员",
    "en": "a person who flies an aircraft"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "试点的；试验性的",
    "en": "done on a small scale to test whether something works"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "驾驶飞机；试行",
    "en": "to fly an aircraft or test a new plan"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pilot landed the plane smoothly despite strong winds.",
    "zh": "尽管风很大，飞行员还是平稳地让飞机着陆了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The council launched a pilot scheme to assess whether free bus travel would reduce traffic congestion.",
    "zh": "地方议会推出了一项试点计划，以评估免费乘坐公交车能否缓解交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "airline pilot｜民航飞行员",
   "pilot scheme｜试点计划",
   "pilot study｜初步试验研究",
   "pilot a programme｜试行一个项目"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pilot作定语常表示试点，如pilot project。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pilot"
 },
 {
  "w": "continue",
  "uk": "/kənˈtɪnjuː/",
  "us": "/kənˈtɪnjuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "继续；持续",
    "en": "To keep doing something or keep happening."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "重新开始；接着说",
    "en": "To start again after a pause or interruption."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We continued walking along the beach despite the rain.",
    "zh": "尽管下着雨，我们还是继续沿着海滩走。"
   },
   {
    "en": "If housing costs continue to rise, more young adults may struggle to live independently in major cities.",
    "zh": "如果住房成本持续上涨，更多年轻人可能难以在大城市独立生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "continue to grow｜继续增长",
   "continue working｜继续工作",
   "continue a discussion｜继续讨论",
   "continue as planned｜按计划继续"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "continuation (n.)",
   "continuous (adj.)",
   "continual (adj.)",
   "continuously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "carry on",
   "proceed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "stop",
   "cease"
  ],
  "tip": "可接to do或doing，通常都表示继续做某事。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "continue"
 },
 {
  "w": "watermelon",
  "uk": "/ˈwɔːtəmelən/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːtɚmelən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "西瓜",
    "en": "a large green-skinned fruit with juicy, usually red flesh"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared a cold watermelon after playing outside.",
    "zh": "在外面玩耍后，我们一起吃了一个冰凉的西瓜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing watermelons in dry regions requires careful irrigation management to protect limited local water supplies.",
    "zh": "在干旱地区种植西瓜需要谨慎管理灌溉，以保护当地有限的水资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a slice of watermelon｜一片西瓜",
   "watermelon seeds｜西瓜籽",
   "ripe watermelon｜熟西瓜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "整个西瓜可数；指切开的瓜肉时常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "watermelon"
 },
 {
  "w": "heart",
  "uk": "/hɑːt/",
  "us": "/hɑːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "心脏",
    "en": "The organ that pumps blood around the body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "内心；感情",
    "en": "The part of someone associated with feelings and love."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "核心；中心",
    "en": "The central or most important part of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My heart beats faster when I run uphill.",
    "zh": "我跑上坡时，心跳会加快。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular physical activity strengthens the heart and can reduce the risk of serious illness.",
    "zh": "经常运动能增强心脏功能，并降低患严重疾病的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heart disease｜心脏病",
   "at the heart of｜处于……的核心",
   "learn by heart｜背熟",
   "lose heart｜灰心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "heartless (adj.)",
   "hearty (adj.)",
   "heartfelt (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "by heart表示熟记；lose heart表示灰心。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "heart"
 },
 {
  "w": "dry",
  "uk": "/draɪ/",
  "us": "/draɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "干的；干燥的",
    "en": "not wet or containing very little moisture"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使变干；变干",
    "en": "to remove moisture or become free from moisture"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "枯燥的；乏味的",
    "en": "not interesting or entertaining"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The towels are dry after hanging in the sunshine.",
    "zh": "毛巾在阳光下晾过后已经干了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Long periods of dry weather can damage crops and threaten food security in agricultural communities.",
    "zh": "长期干旱天气会损害农作物，并威胁农业社区的粮食安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dry weather｜干旱天气",
   "dry skin｜干燥的皮肤",
   "dry your hands｜擦干双手",
   "dry up｜干涸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dryness (n.)",
   "dryer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "wet",
   "damp"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词比较级drier；名词dryer指烘干设备。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dry"
 },
 {
  "w": "van",
  "uk": "/væn/",
  "us": "/væn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "厢式货车；面包车",
    "en": "A covered vehicle used to carry goods or people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We loaded the boxes into a small white van.",
    "zh": "我们把箱子装进了一辆白色的小型厢式货车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing diesel delivery vans with electric vehicles could help reduce air pollution in densely populated cities.",
    "zh": "用电动车替换柴油送货车，有助于减少人口密集城市的空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "delivery van｜送货车",
   "hire a van｜租一辆厢式货车",
   "load a van｜往厢式货车上装货"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指载货的封闭式车辆；不要与敞篷货车混淆。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "van"
 },
 {
  "w": "handwriting",
  "uk": "/ˈhændraɪtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈhændraɪtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "笔迹；手写字",
    "en": "The particular way someone forms words when writing by hand."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your handwriting is much neater with this new pen.",
    "zh": "你用这支新笔写的字工整多了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although digital devices are common in classrooms, clear handwriting remains useful for examinations and personal communication.",
    "zh": "虽然数字设备在课堂上很常见，但清晰的手写字在考试和个人交流中仍然有用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "neat handwriting｜工整的笔迹",
   "illegible handwriting｜难以辨认的笔迹",
   "improve your handwriting｜改善书写"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "handwrite (v.)",
   "handwritten (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；优美书法这门艺术用calligraphy。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "handwriting"
 },
 {
  "w": "round",
  "uk": "/raʊnd/",
  "us": "/raʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "圆形的；球形的",
    "en": "shaped like a circle or ball"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一轮；一回合",
    "en": "one stage in a repeated series of activities"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "围绕；绕过",
    "en": "around something or on all sides of it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We placed a round table beside the kitchen window.",
    "zh": "我们在厨房窗边放了一张圆桌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A further round of negotiations may help governments reach an agreement on reducing industrial emissions.",
    "zh": "新一轮谈判可能有助于各国政府就减少工业排放达成协议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "round table｜圆桌",
   "a round of talks｜一轮会谈",
   "walk round the lake｜绕湖散步"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "roundness (n.)",
   "rounded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "round作介词常见于英式英语，美式多用around。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "round"
 },
 {
  "w": "festival",
  "uk": "/ˈfestɪvəl/",
  "us": "/ˈfestɪvəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "节日；庆祝活动",
    "en": "A special occasion when people celebrate a tradition or event"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "艺术节；系列展演活动",
    "en": "An organised series of performances or other cultural events"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our town holds a lantern festival every autumn.",
    "zh": "我们镇每年秋天都会举办灯会。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An annual arts festival can attract visitors while providing local performers with valuable opportunities to reach wider audiences.",
    "zh": "一年一度的艺术节既能吸引游客，也能为当地表演者提供接触更多观众的宝贵机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "celebrate a festival｜庆祝节日",
   "music festival｜音乐节",
   "film festival｜电影节",
   "hold a festival｜举办节庆活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "festive (adj.)",
   "festivity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "festival强调庆祝或系列活动，不一定是放假的holiday。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "festival"
 },
 {
  "w": "connect",
  "uk": "/kəˈnekt/",
  "us": "/kəˈnekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "连接；接通",
    "en": "to join things together or link them electronically"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "联系；把…关联起来",
    "en": "to recognize or establish a relationship between things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "与人建立良好关系",
    "en": "to develop a good relationship with someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Connect your phone to the speaker using this cable.",
    "zh": "用这根线把手机连接到音箱上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "New rail services can connect rural communities with cities, improving access to education and employment.",
    "zh": "新的铁路服务可以连接农村社区与城市，让人们更容易获得教育和就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "connect to the internet｜连接互联网",
   "connect A with B｜把A与B联系起来",
   "connect with people｜与人建立联系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "connection (n.)",
   "connected (adj.)",
   "connectivity (n.)",
   "disconnect (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "link",
   "join"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disconnect"
  ],
  "tip": "连接设备常用connect A to B。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "connect"
 },
 {
  "w": "receive",
  "uk": "/rɪˈsiːv/",
  "us": "/rɪˈsiːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "收到；得到",
    "en": "To get something that someone sends, gives, or provides."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "接待；迎接",
    "en": "To welcome someone arriving at a place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Did you receive the photos I sent yesterday?",
    "zh": "你收到我昨天发的照片了吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "All residents should receive clear information about changes to public transport before new routes are introduced.",
    "zh": "在新线路开通之前，所有居民都应获得有关公共交通调整的明确信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "receive an email｜收到电子邮件",
   "receive treatment｜接受治疗",
   "receive a warm welcome｜受到热烈欢迎"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "receiver (n.)",
   "reception (n.)",
   "recipient (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "get",
   "obtain"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "send"
  ],
  "tip": "receive侧重收到；accept侧重愿意接受。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "receive"
 },
 {
  "w": "hiking",
  "uk": "/ˈhaɪkɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈhaɪkɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "徒步旅行；远足",
    "en": "Taking long walks outdoors, especially in the countryside."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These boots keep my feet dry when I go hiking.",
    "zh": "我去远足时，这双靴子能让双脚保持干爽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hiking offers an affordable way to improve physical health while encouraging people to appreciate natural landscapes.",
    "zh": "徒步旅行是一种经济实惠的健身方式，也能鼓励人们欣赏自然风光。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go hiking｜去远足",
   "hiking boots｜徒步靴",
   "hiking trail｜徒步小径",
   "hiking equipment｜徒步装备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hike (n.)",
   "hike (v.)",
   "hiker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指乡野长途步行；也可作hike的现在分词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hiking"
 },
 {
  "w": "blond",
  "uk": "/blɒnd/",
  "us": "/blɑːnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "金黄色头发的",
    "en": "Having hair that is pale yellow or golden."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金发的人",
    "en": "A person with pale yellow or golden hair."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His blond hair looked almost white in the sunshine.",
    "zh": "他的金发在阳光下看起来几乎是白色的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In discussions of inherited traits, blond hair is often used as an example of human physical variation.",
    "zh": "讨论遗传特征时，金发常被用作人类外貌差异的例子。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blond hair｜金发",
   "a blond child｜金发孩子",
   "naturally blond｜天生金发的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blonde (adj.)",
   "blondness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fair-haired",
   "golden-haired"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dark-haired"
  ],
  "tip": "blonde常用于女性；词义不限定肤色。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blond"
 },
 {
  "w": "mark",
  "uk": "/mɑːk/",
  "us": "/mɑrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "痕迹；记号",
    "en": "a visible spot, line, or symbol on a surface"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分数；成绩",
    "en": "a score showing the quality of a student's work"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "做标记；批改评分",
    "en": "to indicate something visibly or assess a student's work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your wet glass left a mark on the table.",
    "zh": "你的湿杯子在桌上留下了一道印子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should mark assignments consistently so that students receive fair and useful feedback.",
    "zh": "教师批改作业时应采用一致的标准，让学生获得公平且有用的反馈。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "leave a mark｜留下痕迹",
   "get high marks｜获得高分",
   "mark an exam｜批改试卷",
   "full marks｜满分"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "marker (n.)",
   "marking (n.)",
   "unmarked (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示考试分数常用复数marks，尤其在英式英语中。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mark"
 },
 {
  "w": "huge",
  "uk": "/hjuːdʒ/",
  "us": "/hjuːdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巨大的；大量的",
    "en": "extremely large in size, amount, or degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A huge dog was sleeping beside the tiny kitten.",
    "zh": "一只大狗正睡在那只小猫旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in public transport could bring huge benefits to cities struggling with congestion and air pollution.",
    "zh": "对于饱受交通拥堵和空气污染困扰的城市，投资公共交通可以带来巨大益处。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "huge amount｜巨大的数量",
   "huge difference｜巨大差异",
   "huge impact｜巨大影响",
   "huge success｜巨大成功"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hugely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enormous",
   "immense",
   "massive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tiny",
   "small"
  ],
  "tip": "本身表示极大，常用absolutely huge加强语气。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "huge"
 },
 {
  "w": "flu",
  "uk": "/fluː/",
  "us": "/fluː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "流行性感冒",
    "en": "an infectious illness causing fever, aches, and tiredness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She stayed in bed all weekend with the flu.",
    "zh": "她得了流感，整个周末都卧床休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Annual flu vaccinations can help protect vulnerable people and reduce pressure on hospitals during winter.",
    "zh": "每年接种流感疫苗有助于保护易感人群，并减轻冬季医院的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have the flu｜患流感",
   "flu symptoms｜流感症状",
   "a flu vaccine｜流感疫苗",
   "a flu outbreak｜流感暴发"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "influenza"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "flu通常不可数；英式常说have flu，美式常加the。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flu"
 },
 {
  "w": "advertisement",
  "uk": "/ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt/",
  "us": "/ˌædvɚˈtaɪzmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "广告",
    "en": "A public message promoting a product, service, event, or opportunity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I saw an advertisement for bicycles at the station.",
    "zh": "我在车站看到了一则自行车广告。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advertisements aimed at young consumers should present accurate information rather than encourage unnecessary spending.",
    "zh": "面向年轻消费者的广告应提供准确信息，而不是鼓励不必要的消费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an advertisement for｜关于……的广告",
   "place an advertisement｜刊登广告",
   "online advertisement｜网络广告"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "advertise (v.)",
   "advertising (n.)",
   "advertiser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "advert",
   "ad"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "广告内容用 for 引出；advertising 泛指广告活动。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "advertisement"
 },
 {
  "w": "hockey",
  "uk": "/ˈhɒki/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːki/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "曲棍球；冰球",
    "en": "A team sport using sticks to hit a ball or puck"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We practised hockey on the school field yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们在学校运动场练习了曲棍球。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Making hockey facilities more accessible could encourage greater participation in team sports among young people.",
    "zh": "让曲棍球设施更便于使用，可以鼓励更多年轻人参加团队运动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "field hockey｜草地曲棍球",
   "ice hockey｜冰球",
   "hockey stick｜曲棍球棒；冰球杆",
   "play hockey｜打曲棍球；打冰球"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英国通常指草地曲棍球；美国通常指冰球。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hockey"
 },
 {
  "w": "accident",
  "uk": "/ˈæksɪdənt/",
  "us": "/ˈæksɪdənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "事故",
    "en": "An unexpected event that causes injury or damage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意外；偶然发生的事",
    "en": "Something that happens without being planned or intended."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Luckily, nobody was hurt in the accident outside our house.",
    "zh": "幸好，我们家外面发生的事故没有造成人员受伤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Better street lighting can reduce the risk of accidents involving cyclists and pedestrians at night.",
    "zh": "改善街道照明可以降低夜间涉及骑车人和行人的事故风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a road accident｜道路交通事故",
   "by accident｜偶然；无意中",
   "prevent accidents｜预防事故"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accidental (adj.)",
   "accidentally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "by accident表示无意中，反义短语是on purpose。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accident"
 },
 {
  "w": "speech",
  "uk": "/spiːtʃ/",
  "us": "/spiːtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "演讲；发言",
    "en": "A formal talk given to an audience."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "说话能力；言语",
    "en": "The ability or act of expressing thoughts through spoken words."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leila practised her speech in front of the mirror.",
    "zh": "莱拉对着镜子练习演讲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In his speech, the researcher explained how access to green spaces can improve children's mental health.",
    "zh": "研究人员在演讲中解释了接触绿地如何改善儿童的心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "give a speech｜发表演讲",
   "freedom of speech｜言论自由",
   "speech therapy｜言语治疗",
   "opening speech｜开幕致辞"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "speak (v.)",
   "speaker (n.)",
   "spoken (adj.)",
   "speechless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一次演讲用a speech；说话能力通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "speech"
 },
 {
  "w": "lake",
  "uk": "/leɪk/",
  "us": "/leɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "湖；湖泊",
    "en": "A large area of water surrounded by land."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We rented a small boat and crossed the lake.",
    "zh": "我们租了一条小船，划到了湖对岸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Agricultural pollution can damage lake ecosystems and threaten the communities that rely on them for drinking water.",
    "zh": "农业污染会破坏湖泊生态系统，并威胁依靠湖水获取饮用水的社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "freshwater lake｜淡水湖",
   "saltwater lake｜咸水湖",
   "the shore of a lake｜湖岸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lakeside (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on the lake 指在湖面上；in the lake 指在湖水中。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lake"
 },
 {
  "w": "paragraph",
  "uk": "/ˈpærəɡrɑːf/",
  "us": "/ˈpærəɡræf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "段落",
    "en": "A section of writing dealing with one main idea."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This paragraph is too long for a quick email.",
    "zh": "对于一封简短的邮件来说，这一段太长了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each paragraph in an academic essay should develop a clear argument supported by relevant evidence.",
    "zh": "学术文章的每一段都应展开一个清晰的论点，并以相关证据加以支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "opening paragraph｜开头段",
   "concluding paragraph｜结尾段",
   "a short paragraph｜一个短段落"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；写作中通常一段围绕一个中心意思。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "paragraph"
 },
 {
  "w": "chance",
  "uk": "/tʃɑːns/",
  "us": "/tʃæns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "机会",
    "en": "An opportunity to do something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可能性",
    "en": "The likelihood that something will happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "偶然；运气",
    "en": "Events happening without planning or a predictable cause."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you give me another chance to explain?",
    "zh": "你能再给我一次解释的机会吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable training gives unemployed adults a chance to gain new skills and return to the workforce.",
    "zh": "费用可负担的培训让失业的成年人有机会掌握新技能，重返职场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a chance to learn｜学习的机会",
   "a good chance of｜很有可能",
   "by chance｜偶然",
   "take a chance｜冒险一试"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "机会用chance to do；可能性常用chance of doing。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chance"
 },
 {
  "w": "sightseeing",
  "uk": "/ˈsaɪtsiːɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈsaɪtsiːɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "观光；游览",
    "en": "the activity of visiting interesting places as a tourist"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent the morning sightseeing around the old harbour.",
    "zh": "我们花了一上午在老港口一带观光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sightseeing tours can support local economies, especially when visitors choose guides and businesses from the community.",
    "zh": "观光游览能促进当地经济，尤其是在游客选择当地社区的导游和商家时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go sightseeing｜去观光",
   "a sightseeing tour｜观光之旅",
   "a sightseeing bus｜观光巴士"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sightsee (v.)",
   "sightseer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；说go sightseeing，不加a。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sightseeing"
 },
 {
  "w": "touch",
  "uk": "/tʌtʃ/",
  "us": "/tʌtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "触摸；碰",
    "en": "to put your hand or another body part against something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "触觉；触碰",
    "en": "the sense of feeling things through skin, or physical contact"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "感动",
    "en": "to make someone feel a strong, often tender emotion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't touch the pan; it is still hot.",
    "zh": "请别碰锅，它还很烫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital communication helps families stay in touch, even when work or study separates them across countries.",
    "zh": "即使工作或学习使家人分居不同国家，数字通信也能帮助他们保持联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep in touch｜保持联系",
   "lose touch｜失去联系",
   "sense of touch｜触觉",
   "deeply touched｜深受感动的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "touching (adj.)",
   "touched (adj.)",
   "untouched (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "保持联系用keep in touch with someone。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "touch"
 },
 {
  "w": "drawing",
  "uk": "/ˈdrɔːɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈdrɔːɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "图画；素描",
    "en": "A picture made with a pencil, pen, or similar tool."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "绘画；素描技法",
    "en": "The activity or skill of making pictures with lines."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He showed me a drawing of his cat.",
    "zh": "他给我看了一幅他画的猫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Drawing can help children express emotions that they may find difficult to communicate through spoken language.",
    "zh": "绘画可以帮助儿童表达那些难以用口头语言传达的情感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pencil drawing｜铅笔画",
   "drawing skills｜绘画技巧",
   "drawing class｜绘画课"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "draw (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sketch"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指一幅画时可数；指绘画活动时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drawing"
 },
 {
  "w": "dessert",
  "uk": "/dɪˈzɜːt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈzɝːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "餐后甜点",
    "en": "Sweet food eaten at the end of a meal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared a bowl of ice cream for dessert.",
    "zh": "我们分吃了一碗冰淇淋作为餐后甜点。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Offering fresh fruit for dessert can help school cafeterias encourage healthier eating habits among children.",
    "zh": "学校食堂提供新鲜水果作为餐后甜点，有助于培养儿童更健康的饮食习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "for dessert｜作为餐后甜点",
   "dessert menu｜甜点菜单",
   "fruit dessert｜水果甜点"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "sweet"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dessert有两个s，重音在后；desert作沙漠时重音在前。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dessert"
 },
 {
  "w": "canteen",
  "uk": "/kænˈtiːn/",
  "us": "/kænˈtiːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "食堂",
    "en": "a place serving meals in a school or workplace"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "便携式水壶",
    "en": "a container used to carry drinking water outdoors"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We usually eat lunch together in the school canteen.",
    "zh": "我们通常一起在学校食堂吃午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing affordable healthy meals in the workplace canteen can improve employee wellbeing and productivity.",
    "zh": "在工作场所的食堂提供价格实惠的健康餐食，可以改善员工的身心健康并提高生产力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "school canteen｜学校食堂",
   "staff canteen｜员工食堂",
   "canteen food｜食堂饭菜",
   "a water canteen｜便携式水壶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cafeteria"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语中常指食堂；美式英语常用cafeteria。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "canteen"
 },
 {
  "w": "builder",
  "uk": "/ˈbɪldə/",
  "us": "/ˈbɪldər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "建筑工人；建筑商",
    "en": "A person or company that constructs or repairs buildings."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The builder replaced the broken bricks around our doorway.",
    "zh": "建筑工人更换了我们家门口周围破损的砖块。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Builders can reduce construction waste by choosing durable materials and planning resource use more carefully.",
    "zh": "建筑商可以通过选择耐用材料和更细致地规划资源使用来减少建筑垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local builder｜当地建筑商",
   "house builder｜住宅建筑商",
   "hire a builder｜雇用建筑工人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "build (v.)",
   "building (n.)",
   "rebuild (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指建筑工人，也可指承建房屋的公司。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "builder"
 },
 {
  "w": "solve",
  "uk": "/sɒlv/",
  "us": "/sɑːlv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "解决；解答",
    "en": "Find an answer to a problem or mystery"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We solved the puzzle together after dinner last night.",
    "zh": "昨晚晚饭后，我们一起解开了那道谜题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving public transport could help solve traffic problems in rapidly growing urban areas.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通有助于解决快速发展城区的交通问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "solve a problem｜解决问题",
   "solve a puzzle｜解开谜题",
   "solve an equation｜解方程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "solution (n.)",
   "solvable (adj.)",
   "unsolved (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "resolve"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "solve直接接问题；“溶解”用dissolve。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "solve"
 },
 {
  "w": "spoon",
  "uk": "/spuːn/",
  "us": "/spuːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "匙；勺子",
    "en": "A utensil with a small bowl for eating or serving."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用勺舀",
    "en": "To move or serve food using a spoon."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She stirred her soup with a wooden spoon.",
    "zh": "她用木勺搅了搅汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching children to use a spoon independently can help develop their coordination and confidence.",
    "zh": "教孩子独立使用勺子有助于培养他们的协调能力和自信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wooden spoon｜木勺",
   "soup spoon｜汤匙",
   "spoon into a bowl｜用勺舀入碗中"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spoonful (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一勺的量通常用 a spoonful of 表达。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spoon"
 },
 {
  "w": "disagree",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪsəˈɡriː/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪsəˈɡriː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "不同意；意见不合",
    "en": "To have a different opinion from someone else."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "不一致；不相符",
    "en": "To give different information or results."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We disagree about which colour to paint the kitchen.",
    "zh": "我们对于厨房该刷什么颜色意见不一。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Experts disagree on whether free public transport is the most effective way to reduce urban traffic.",
    "zh": "专家对于免费公共交通是否是减少城市交通流量的最有效方法意见不一。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disagree with someone｜不同意某人的看法",
   "disagree about something｜在某事上意见不合",
   "strongly disagree｜强烈反对"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "agree (v.)",
   "disagreement (n.)",
   "agreement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "differ"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "agree"
  ],
  "tip": "不同意某人用disagree with；争议话题用on或about。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disagree"
 },
 {
  "w": "ZIP code",
  "uk": "/ˈzɪp kəʊd/",
  "us": "/ˈzɪp koʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "美国邮政编码",
    "en": "A code identifying a postal delivery area in the United States."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please include your ZIP code when entering your address.",
    "zh": "填写地址时，请附上你的美国邮政编码。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers grouped households by ZIP code to examine geographical differences in access to healthcare services.",
    "zh": "研究人员按美国邮政编码对住户进行分组，以考察医疗服务可及性的地区差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enter a ZIP code｜输入邮政编码",
   "ZIP code lookup｜邮政编码查询",
   "ZIP code area｜邮政编码区域"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用于美国；英国通常说postcode，统称postal code。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "已将非标准连写zipcode规范为ZIP code。",
  "id": "zipcode"
 },
 {
  "w": "author",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːθə/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːθər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "作者；作家",
    "en": "A person who writes books, articles, or other written works."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "撰写；创作",
    "en": "To write a book, report, or other written work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The author answered questions about her new adventure novel.",
    "zh": "这位作者回答了有关她新出版的冒险小说的问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An author can challenge social attitudes by presenting familiar problems through the experiences of unfamiliar characters.",
    "zh": "作者可以借助陌生人物的经历呈现熟悉的问题，从而挑战社会观念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the author of a novel｜一部小说的作者",
   "a bestselling author｜畅销书作家",
   "author a report｜撰写报告"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "authorship (n.)",
   "coauthor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "writer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“……的作者”用the author of；也可作动词。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "author"
 },
 {
  "w": "soap",
  "uk": "/səʊp/",
  "us": "/soʊp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肥皂",
    "en": "A substance used with water to clean skin or objects."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肥皂剧",
    "en": "A continuing television or radio drama about everyday relationships."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用肥皂擦洗",
    "en": "To rub or wash something with soap."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please wash your hands with soap before lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭前请用肥皂洗手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing clean water and soap in schools can help prevent infections and improve children's overall health.",
    "zh": "在学校提供清洁用水和肥皂有助于预防感染，改善儿童的整体健康状况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bar of soap｜一块肥皂",
   "liquid soap｜洗手液；液体皂",
   "soap and water｜肥皂和水",
   "soap opera｜肥皂剧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "soapy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指清洁用品通常不可数；一块用a bar of soap。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "soap"
 },
 {
  "w": "pea",
  "uk": "/piː/",
  "us": "/piː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "豌豆；豌豆粒",
    "en": "A small, round, green seed eaten as a vegetable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She added frozen peas to the vegetable soup.",
    "zh": "她往蔬菜汤里加了些冷冻豌豆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing peas and other vegetables at school can help children understand where their food comes from.",
    "zh": "在学校种植豌豆和其他蔬菜，可以帮助孩子了解食物的来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "frozen peas｜冷冻豌豆",
   "pea soup｜豌豆汤",
   "a pea pod｜一个豌豆荚"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；泛指食用的豌豆通常用复数peas。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pea"
 },
 {
  "w": "colourful",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌləfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌlərfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "色彩鲜艳的；五彩缤纷的",
    "en": "Having many bright colours"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "生动有趣的；丰富多彩的",
    "en": "Full of interesting, unusual or exciting details"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Colourful balloons floated above the tables at the party.",
    "zh": "聚会上，五彩缤纷的气球飘浮在桌子上方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Colourful public murals can transform neglected urban spaces and encourage residents to take pride in their neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "色彩鲜艳的公共壁画能改变被忽视的城市空间，增强居民对社区的自豪感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "colourful flowers｜色彩鲜艳的花朵",
   "a colourful display｜绚丽的展示",
   "a colourful character｜有趣独特的人物",
   "a colourful history｜丰富多彩的历史"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "colour (n.)",
   "colourfully (adv.)",
   "colourless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "vibrant",
   "vivid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "colourless",
   "dull"
  ],
  "tip": "英式拼写colourful，美式拼写colorful。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "colourful"
 },
 {
  "w": "according to",
  "uk": "/əˈkɔːdɪŋ tə/",
  "us": "/əˈkɔːrdɪŋ tə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "据……所述；根据",
    "en": "as stated or reported by someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "按照；依照",
    "en": "following a rule, plan, or particular standard"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "According to the forecast, rain will arrive this afternoon.",
    "zh": "据天气预报，今天下午会下雨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "According to recent research, regular physical activity can improve concentration and reduce stress among university students.",
    "zh": "根据近期研究，经常进行体育活动可以提高大学生的专注力并减轻压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "according to research｜根据研究",
   "according to plan｜按计划",
   "according to the rules｜按照规则"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "引述他人观点用according to；自己的观点用in my opinion。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "according-to"
 },
 {
  "w": "throw",
  "uk": "/θrəʊ/",
  "us": "/θroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "扔；投；掷",
    "en": "To send something through the air using your hand"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "举办聚会",
    "en": "To organise and host a party"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "投掷；投掷距离",
    "en": "An act of throwing, or the distance something is thrown"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Throw me the ball before the dog grabs it.",
    "zh": "趁狗还没抢到球，快把球扔给我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can teach children to throw and catch safely through games that develop coordination and teamwork.",
    "zh": "学校可以通过培养协调能力和团队精神的游戏，教孩子安全地投接球。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "throw a ball｜扔球",
   "throw a party｜举办聚会",
   "throw away rubbish｜扔掉垃圾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thrower (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "toss",
   "hurl"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "catch"
  ],
  "tip": "不规则变化：throw–threw–thrown；聚会也可用throw。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "throw"
 },
 {
  "w": "nasty",
  "uk": "/ˈnɑːsti/",
  "us": "/ˈnæsti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人不快的；难闻的",
    "en": "Very unpleasant to experience, taste, smell, or see."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "恶意的；不友善的",
    "en": "Deliberately unkind or hurtful towards another person."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严重的；疼痛的",
    "en": "Severe or painful, especially describing an illness or injury."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A nasty smell came from the kitchen bin.",
    "zh": "厨房垃圾桶里散发出一股难闻的气味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Nasty comments on social media can discourage young people from participating in otherwise valuable online discussions.",
    "zh": "社交媒体上的恶意评论可能使年轻人不愿参与原本有价值的网络讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nasty smell｜难闻的气味",
   "nasty comment｜恶意评论",
   "nasty injury｜严重的伤",
   "nasty shock｜令人不快的打击"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nastily (adv.)",
   "nastiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unpleasant",
   "mean"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "pleasant",
   "kind"
  ],
  "tip": "比bad更带厌恶感；形容人时通常指刻薄、不友善。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nasty"
 },
 {
  "w": "explain",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspleɪn/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspleɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "解释；说明",
    "en": "to make something clear or easy to understand"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "说明……的原因",
    "en": "to give or be the reason why something happens"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you explain how this coffee machine works?",
    "zh": "你能说明一下这台咖啡机怎么用吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Differences in access to healthcare may partly explain why life expectancy varies considerably between regions.",
    "zh": "医疗服务可及性的差异，可能在一定程度上解释不同地区预期寿命差距较大的原因。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "explain something to someone｜向某人解释某事",
   "explain why｜解释为什么",
   "explain in detail｜详细解释",
   "explain the difference｜说明区别"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "explanation (n.)",
   "explanatory (adj.)",
   "explainable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clarify"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "说explain something to someone，不说explain someone。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "explain"
 },
 {
  "w": "possibly",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒsəbli/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːsəbli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "可能；也许",
    "en": "Used when something may happen or may be true."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "究竟；无论如何",
    "en": "Used with can or could to emphasise possibility or difficulty."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We could possibly have a picnic if the rain stops.",
    "zh": "如果雨停了，我们也许可以去野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding urban green spaces could possibly reduce summer temperatures while improving residents' physical and mental health.",
    "zh": "扩大城市绿地可能降低夏季气温，同时改善居民的身心健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "could possibly｜或许能够",
   "quite possibly｜很有可能",
   "can't possibly｜绝不可能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "possible (adj.)",
   "possibility (n.)",
   "impossible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "perhaps",
   "maybe"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "definitely"
  ],
  "tip": "can't possibly表示“绝不可能”，语气很强。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "possibly"
 },
 {
  "w": "silver",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪlvə/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪlvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "银",
    "en": "A shiny greyish-white precious metal used for jewellery and coins."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "银色的；银制的",
    "en": "Having a shiny greyish-white colour, or made of silver."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "银牌",
    "en": "A medal awarded for second place in a competition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This little spoon is made of pure silver.",
    "zh": "这把小勺子是纯银做的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Silver is widely used in electronic devices because it conducts electricity exceptionally well.",
    "zh": "银的导电性能极佳，因此被广泛用于电子设备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pure silver｜纯银",
   "a silver medal｜银牌",
   "silver jewellery｜银首饰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "silvery (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示金属银时不可数；a silver可指一枚银牌。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "silver"
 },
 {
  "w": "copy",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒpi/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːpi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "副本；一本；一份",
    "en": "A reproduction, or one example of a book or document"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "复制；抄写；模仿",
    "en": "To reproduce something or imitate someone's actions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "待刊稿件；广告文案",
    "en": "Written material prepared for publication or advertising"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please keep a copy of the receipt at home.",
    "zh": "请在家里留一份收据副本。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should learn to evaluate sources rather than simply copy information from websites into their assignments.",
    "zh": "学生应学会评估资料来源，而不是直接把网站信息抄进作业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a copy of｜一份；一本",
   "a digital copy｜电子副本",
   "copy and paste｜复制粘贴",
   "advertising copy｜广告文案"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "copier (n.)",
   "copying (n.)",
   "copywriter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "duplicate",
   "reproduce",
   "imitate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "original"
  ],
  "tip": "复数为copies；广告文案义的copy通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "copy"
 },
 {
  "w": "travelling",
  "uk": "/ˈtrævəlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈtrævəlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旅行；出行",
    "en": "The activity of going from one place to another"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巡回的；四处流动的",
    "en": "Moving between places rather than staying in one location"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "旅行；行进",
    "en": "Going from one place to another"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Travelling by train gives me time to enjoy the scenery.",
    "zh": "乘火车旅行让我有时间欣赏沿途风景。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Travelling abroad can broaden students' perspectives by exposing them to different customs and ways of life.",
    "zh": "出国旅行能让学生接触不同的习俗和生活方式，从而拓宽视野。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go travelling｜去旅行",
   "travelling abroad｜出国旅行",
   "travelling expenses｜差旅费",
   "a travelling exhibition｜巡回展览"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "travel (v.)",
   "travel (n.)",
   "traveller (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写双写l；美式通常写traveling。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "travelling"
 },
 {
  "w": "differently",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪfrəntli/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪfrəntli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "不同地；以不同方式",
    "en": "in a way that is not the same"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister and I arrange our desks differently.",
    "zh": "我和姐姐布置书桌的方式不同。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students learn differently, so teachers should offer varied activities rather than rely on a single method.",
    "zh": "学生的学习方式各不相同，因此教师应提供多样化活动，而不是依赖单一方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "think differently｜以不同方式思考",
   "treat someone differently｜区别对待某人",
   "react differently｜作出不同反应",
   "do things differently｜换种方式做事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "different (adj.)",
   "difference (n.)",
   "differ (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "similarly"
  ],
  "tip": "副词修饰动词；形容人或事物不同用different。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "differently"
 },
 {
  "w": "officer",
  "uk": "/ˈɒfɪsə/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːfɪsər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "警察；警官",
    "en": "A member of the police."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "军官",
    "en": "A member of the armed forces with authority to command."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "官员；主管人员",
    "en": "Someone with an official role in an organisation or government."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A police officer helped us find the station.",
    "zh": "一位警察帮我们找到了车站。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A local housing officer can advise residents on applying for affordable accommodation and accessing financial support.",
    "zh": "当地住房事务官员可以指导居民申请可负担住房并获取经济援助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "police officer｜警察",
   "army officer｜陆军军官",
   "housing officer｜住房事务官员",
   "chief executive officer｜首席执行官"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "officer可指警察或军官，具体含义看搭配。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "officer"
 },
 {
  "w": "panda",
  "uk": "/ˈpændə/",
  "us": "/ˈpændə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大熊猫",
    "en": "a large black and white bear native to China"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The panda sat quietly, chewing a fresh bamboo shoot.",
    "zh": "那只大熊猫静静地坐着，嚼着一根新鲜竹笋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting panda habitats also benefits other species that depend on the same mountain forests for survival.",
    "zh": "保护大熊猫栖息地也有益于其他依赖同一片山林生存的物种。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "giant panda｜大熊猫",
   "panda cub｜大熊猫幼崽",
   "panda habitat｜大熊猫栖息地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "panda通常指大熊猫；red panda指小熊猫。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "panda"
 },
 {
  "w": "experience",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspɪəriəns/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspɪriəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经验",
    "en": "knowledge or skill gained by doing things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经历；体验",
    "en": "something that happens to you or that you do"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "经历；感受",
    "en": "to have something happen to you or feel something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister has years of experience repairing old bicycles.",
    "zh": "我姐姐有多年修理旧自行车的经验。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Work experience can help graduates develop practical skills that employers value alongside academic qualifications.",
    "zh": "工作经验能帮助毕业生培养实践技能，而雇主不仅重视学历，也看重这些技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gain experience｜积累经验",
   "work experience｜工作经验",
   "a rewarding experience｜有收获的经历",
   "experience difficulties｜遇到困难"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "experienced (adj.)",
   "inexperienced (adj.)",
   "inexperience (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表“经验”不可数；表具体“经历”可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "experience"
 },
 {
  "w": "increase",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkriːs/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈkriːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "增加；提高",
    "en": "Become greater in amount or size, or make something greater"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "增加；增长",
    "en": "A rise in the amount, size, or level of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery increased its prices again this week.",
    "zh": "这家面包店本周又涨价了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An increase in public transport investment could reduce traffic congestion and improve air quality in cities.",
    "zh": "增加公共交通投资可以缓解交通拥堵，并改善城市空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "increase by｜增加了",
   "increase to｜增加到",
   "an increase in demand｜需求的增长",
   "a significant increase｜显著增长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "increasing (adj.)",
   "increasingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rise",
   "grow"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "decrease",
   "decline"
  ],
  "tip": "动词重音在后，名词在前；by接增量，to接终值。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "increase"
 },
 {
  "w": "belong",
  "uk": "/bɪˈlɒŋ/",
  "us": "/bɪˈlɔːŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "属于；归某人所有",
    "en": "To be owned by someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "应在某处；归入",
    "en": "To have a proper place or category"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "有归属感",
    "en": "To feel accepted as part of a group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This blue umbrella belongs to my younger sister.",
    "zh": "这把蓝色雨伞是我妹妹的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community centres provide welcoming spaces where newcomers can feel they belong and build lasting friendships.",
    "zh": "社区中心提供友好的空间，让新来者获得归属感并建立持久的友谊。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "belong to someone｜归某人所有",
   "belong in a museum｜应放在博物馆",
   "feel you belong｜感到有归属感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "belonging (n.)",
   "belongings (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "belong to表示属于，不用被动语态或进行时。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "belong"
 },
 {
  "w": "almost",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːlməʊst/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːlmoʊst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "几乎；差不多",
    "en": "Nearly, but not completely or not quite."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I almost missed the bus while tying my shoes.",
    "zh": "我系鞋带时差点错过了公交车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Almost all participants agreed that affordable public transport would improve their access to employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "几乎所有参与者都认为，价格实惠的公共交通能让他们获得更多就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "almost all｜几乎所有",
   "almost certainly｜几乎肯定",
   "almost impossible｜几乎不可能",
   "almost every day｜几乎每天"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "nearly",
   "practically"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "almost可接all、every和no；不能直接接most。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "almost"
 },
 {
  "w": "tape-recorder",
  "uk": "/ˈteɪp rɪˌkɔːdə/",
  "us": "/ˈteɪp rɪˌkɔːrdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "磁带录音机",
    "en": "A device that records and plays sound using magnetic tape."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather still uses a tape-recorder to record songs.",
    "zh": "我祖父仍用磁带录音机录制歌曲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before digital devices became widespread, researchers often used a tape-recorder to preserve interviews for later analysis.",
    "zh": "在数字设备普及之前，研究人员常用磁带录音机保存访谈内容，以供后续分析。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a portable tape-recorder｜便携式磁带录音机",
   "a cassette tape-recorder｜盒式磁带录音机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tape (n.)",
   "record (v.)",
   "recorder (n.)",
   "recording (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "现代通常写作tape recorder，不加连字符。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tape-recorder"
 },
 {
  "w": "exactly",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzæktli/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzæktli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "精确地；恰好",
    "en": "Precisely, with no difference or error."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "正是；完全正确",
    "en": "Used to confirm that something is completely correct."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This jacket is exactly the colour I wanted.",
    "zh": "这件夹克正是我想要的颜色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must record exactly how much energy each household uses to ensure reliable comparisons between regions.",
    "zh": "研究人员必须准确记录每户家庭的能耗，以确保地区之间的比较可靠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exactly the same｜完全一样",
   "exactly right｜完全正确",
   "know exactly｜确切知道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exact (adj.)",
   "exactness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "precisely"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "approximately",
   "roughly"
  ],
  "tip": "not exactly常表示并非完全，也可委婉否定。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exactly"
 },
 {
  "w": "either",
  "uk": "/ˈaɪðə/",
  "us": "/ˈiːðər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "两者任一；两边各一",
    "en": "One or the other of two; each of two sides."
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "两者中的任何一个",
    "en": "One or the other of two people or things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "也不",
    "en": "Also not, used after a negative statement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can borrow either umbrella; both are dry.",
    "zh": "两把伞你随便借哪把都行，都是干的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students can choose either vocational training or university education, depending on their interests and career goals.",
    "zh": "学生可以根据自己的兴趣和职业目标，选择职业培训或大学教育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "either way｜无论哪种情况",
   "either side｜两边中的任一边；两边各自",
   "not either｜也不",
   "either of them｜他们两者中的任一个"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "either…or…表二选一；否定句末either表“也不”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "either"
 },
 {
  "w": "camp",
  "uk": "/kæmp/",
  "us": "/kæmp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "营地；度假营",
    "en": "A place where people stay temporarily, often in tents."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "露营；扎营",
    "en": "Stay outdoors temporarily in a tent or similar shelter."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阵营；派别",
    "en": "A group sharing the same opinions or aims."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We returned to camp before the rain started.",
    "zh": "我们在下雨前回到了营地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can organise outdoor camps to help students develop independence and learn practical skills beyond the classroom.",
    "zh": "学校可以组织户外营地活动，帮助学生培养独立性并学习课堂之外的实用技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "set up camp｜扎营",
   "go camping｜去露营",
   "a summer camp｜夏令营",
   "opposing camps｜对立阵营"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "camping (n.)",
   "camper (n.)",
   "campsite (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "go camping表示去露营；camp也可指观点相同的阵营。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "camp"
 },
 {
  "w": "suddenly",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌdənli/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌdənli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "突然；忽然",
    "en": "Quickly and unexpectedly, with little or no warning."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lights suddenly went out while we were cooking.",
    "zh": "我们做饭时，灯突然灭了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When demand suddenly increases, public transport systems may struggle to provide enough services for passengers.",
    "zh": "当需求突然增加时，公共交通系统可能难以为乘客提供足够的班次。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "suddenly appear｜突然出现",
   "suddenly realise｜突然意识到",
   "stop suddenly｜突然停下"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sudden (adj.)",
   "suddenness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "abruptly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "gradually"
  ],
  "tip": "可置于句首或动词前；强调变化突然、事先无预兆。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suddenly"
 },
 {
  "w": "gas",
  "uk": "/ɡæs/",
  "us": "/ɡæs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "气体",
    "en": "A substance that spreads freely to fill its container."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "燃气；天然气",
    "en": "Gas used as fuel for heating or cooking."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汽油（美式）",
    "en": "Petrol used to power vehicles, in American English."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We use gas to cook our meals at home.",
    "zh": "我们在家用燃气做饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing greenhouse gas emissions requires investment in cleaner energy and more efficient public transport systems.",
    "zh": "减少温室气体排放需要投资更清洁的能源和更高效的公共交通系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "greenhouse gas｜温室气体",
   "natural gas｜天然气",
   "a gas leak｜燃气泄漏",
   "a gas station｜加油站（美式）"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gaseous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指气体通常不可数；多种气体用gases。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gas"
 },
 {
  "w": "scissors",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪzəz/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪzərz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "剪刀",
    "en": "A tool with two blades for cutting things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please use these scissors to cut the wrapping paper.",
    "zh": "请用这把剪刀裁剪包装纸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should supervise young children when they use scissors during classroom craft activities.",
    "zh": "幼儿在课堂手工活动中使用剪刀时，教师应在旁监督。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of scissors｜一把剪刀",
   "sharp scissors｜锋利的剪刀",
   "cut with scissors｜用剪刀剪"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常用复数；一把剪刀说a pair of scissors。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scissors"
 },
 {
  "w": "goldfish",
  "uk": "/ˈɡəʊldfɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈɡoʊldfɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金鱼",
    "en": "A small ornamental fish, often orange, kept in ponds or tanks."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our goldfish swims between the plants in its large tank.",
    "zh": "我们的金鱼在大鱼缸里的水草间游来游去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Keeping goldfish in suitably sized tanks can teach children responsibility and the importance of animal welfare.",
    "zh": "在大小适宜的鱼缸里养金鱼，可以教会孩子承担责任，并认识动物福利的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep goldfish｜养金鱼",
   "feed the goldfish｜喂金鱼",
   "goldfish pond｜金鱼池"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "goldfish单复数同形：one goldfish，two goldfish。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "goldfish"
 },
 {
  "w": "tail",
  "uk": "/teɪl/",
  "us": "/teɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尾巴；尾部",
    "en": "the rear part of an animal or an aircraft"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "尾随；跟踪",
    "en": "to follow someone closely and watch where they go"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dog wagged its tail when I came home.",
    "zh": "我回家时，那只狗摇起了尾巴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some animals use their tails for balance, which helps them move safely through complex forest habitats.",
    "zh": "一些动物用尾巴保持平衡，这有助于它们在复杂的森林栖息地中安全移动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wag its tail｜摇尾巴",
   "a bushy tail｜蓬松的尾巴",
   "the tail end｜末尾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tailless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tail指尾巴；tale指故事，两词同音。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tail"
 },
 {
  "w": "own",
  "uk": "/əʊn/",
  "us": "/oʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自己的",
    "en": "Belonging to a particular person, rather than someone else."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拥有",
    "en": "To have something that legally belongs to you."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I finally have my own room in our new flat.",
    "zh": "在我们的新公寓里，我终于有了自己的房间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who own their homes may feel more financially secure, although maintenance costs can be substantial.",
    "zh": "拥有住房的人可能在经济上更有安全感，不过房屋维护费用也可能相当高。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "my own room｜我自己的房间",
   "own a home｜拥有住房",
   "on your own｜独自；独立地",
   "of your own｜属于你自己的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "owner (n.)",
   "ownership (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "possess"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "own表“自己的”前通常有物主词，如my own。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "own"
 },
 {
  "w": "celebrate",
  "uk": "/ˈselɪbreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈseləbreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "庆祝",
    "en": "To mark a special occasion by doing something enjoyable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赞颂；颂扬",
    "en": "To praise someone or something publicly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cooked a special dinner to celebrate her graduation.",
    "zh": "我们做了一顿特别的晚餐来庆祝她毕业。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community festivals celebrate local traditions while giving residents opportunities to strengthen relationships with their neighbours.",
    "zh": "社区节庆活动在弘扬当地传统的同时，也让居民有机会增进邻里关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "celebrate a birthday｜庆祝生日",
   "celebrate an achievement｜庆祝一项成就",
   "celebrate diversity｜赞颂多样性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "celebration (n.)",
   "celebratory (adj.)",
   "celebrated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "庆祝某事用celebrate；祝贺某人用congratulate。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "celebrate"
 },
 {
  "w": "wooden",
  "uk": "/ˈwʊdən/",
  "us": "/ˈwʊdən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "木制的",
    "en": "made of wood"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "呆板的；僵硬的",
    "en": "showing little natural feeling or movement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She stirred the soup slowly with a wooden spoon.",
    "zh": "她用木勺慢慢搅拌汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wooden buildings can offer environmental benefits when their materials come from responsibly managed forests.",
    "zh": "如果木材来自负责任管理的森林，木制建筑就能带来环境效益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wooden floor｜木地板",
   "wooden furniture｜木制家具",
   "wooden spoon｜木勺",
   "wooden performance｜呆板的表演"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wood (n.)",
   "wooded (adj.)",
   "woody (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wooden指木制；woody多指木质或像木头的。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wooden"
 },
 {
  "w": "necessary",
  "uk": "/ˈnesəsəri/",
  "us": "/ˈnesəseri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "必要的；必需的",
    "en": "needed for a particular purpose or situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Take a warm coat if you think it's necessary.",
    "zh": "如果你觉得有必要，就带上一件暖和的外套。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport is necessary to reduce traffic congestion and improve urban air quality.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通对于缓解交通拥堵和改善城市空气质量是必要的。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "if necessary｜如有必要",
   "necessary precautions｜必要的预防措施",
   "necessary for｜对……必需",
   "absolutely necessary｜绝对必要的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "necessity (n.)",
   "necessarily (adv.)",
   "unnecessary (adj.)",
   "necessitate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "essential",
   "required"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unnecessary"
  ],
  "tip": "常用it is necessary to do；necessarily意为“必然地”。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "necessary"
 },
 {
  "w": "suggest",
  "uk": "/səˈdʒest/",
  "us": "/səɡˈdʒest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "建议；提议",
    "en": "To offer an idea or possible action for consideration."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表明；暗示",
    "en": "To indicate that something may be true."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I suggest taking an umbrella because those clouds look dark.",
    "zh": "我建议带把伞，因为那些云看起来很阴沉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recent studies suggest that access to green spaces can improve mental health among urban residents.",
    "zh": "近期研究表明，能够接触绿地可能有助于改善城市居民的心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "suggest a solution｜提出解决方案",
   "suggest doing something｜建议做某事",
   "strongly suggest｜强烈暗示",
   "evidence suggests that｜证据表明"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suggestion (n.)",
   "suggestive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "propose",
   "recommend"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用suggest doing或suggest that从句，不用suggest to do。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suggest"
 },
 {
  "w": "air-conditioning",
  "uk": "/ˈeə kəndɪʃənɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈer kəndɪʃənɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "空调；空气调节系统",
    "en": "A system that cools indoor air and controls humidity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please turn on the air-conditioning before the guests arrive.",
    "zh": "请在客人到来之前打开空调。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Greater reliance on air-conditioning during heatwaves can place considerable pressure on urban electricity supplies.",
    "zh": "热浪期间对空调依赖加深，可能给城市电力供应带来很大压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "air-conditioning system｜空调系统",
   "central air-conditioning｜中央空调",
   "turn on the air-conditioning｜打开空调"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "air conditioner (n.)",
   "air-conditioned (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；一台空调机用an air conditioner。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "air-conditioning"
 },
 {
  "w": "messy",
  "uk": "/ˈmesi/",
  "us": "/ˈmesi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "凌乱的；脏乱的",
    "en": "Untidy or dirty, with things scattered or out of place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "复杂难办的；棘手的",
    "en": "Complicated and difficult to deal with."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His desk was messy after an afternoon of painting.",
    "zh": "画了一下午画后，他的书桌变得脏乱不堪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without clear responsibilities, cooperation between public agencies can become messy and delay the delivery of essential services.",
    "zh": "如果没有明确的职责，公共机构之间的合作可能变得混乱，延误基本服务的提供。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "messy room｜凌乱的房间",
   "messy handwriting｜潦草的字迹",
   "messy situation｜棘手的局面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mess (n.)",
   "messily (adv.)",
   "messiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "untidy",
   "disorderly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tidy",
   "neat"
  ],
  "tip": "messy可指物品脏乱，也可指局面复杂难处理。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "messy"
 },
 {
  "w": "recently",
  "uk": "/ˈriːsəntli/",
  "us": "/ˈriːsəntli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "最近；不久前",
    "en": "Not long ago, or during the period just before now."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We recently moved into a flat near the river.",
    "zh": "我们最近搬进了河边的一套公寓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers have recently explored how access to green spaces influences the mental health of urban residents.",
    "zh": "研究人员最近探讨了绿地的可及性如何影响城市居民的心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "until recently｜直到最近",
   "only recently｜就在不久前",
   "recently published｜最近出版的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lately"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可用于一般过去时或现在完成时，不只限于完成时。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recently"
 },
 {
  "w": "mostly",
  "uk": "/ˈməʊstli/",
  "us": "/ˈmoʊstli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "主要地；大多",
    "en": "mainly, or for the largest part"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My weekend was mostly spent cooking and reading.",
    "zh": "我的周末大部分时间都用来做饭和看书了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In many rural areas, residents rely mostly on private vehicles because public transport services are limited.",
    "zh": "在许多农村地区，由于公共交通服务有限，居民主要依靠私家车出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mostly sunny｜大部分时间晴朗",
   "mostly made of｜主要由……制成",
   "mostly because｜主要因为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "most (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mainly",
   "largely",
   "chiefly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mostly指大部分情况；almost指差一点或几乎。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mostly"
 },
 {
  "w": "musical",
  "uk": "/ˈmjuːzɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmjuːzɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "音乐的；有音乐天赋的",
    "en": "Relating to music, or showing skill and interest in it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "音乐剧；歌舞片",
    "en": "A play or film whose story includes songs and dancing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "悦耳的",
    "en": "Having a pleasant sound resembling music."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He keeps his musical instruments beside the sofa.",
    "zh": "他把乐器放在沙发旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools that offer musical training give children valuable opportunities to develop creativity and practise teamwork.",
    "zh": "提供音乐训练的学校为孩子们培养创造力和练习团队合作提供了宝贵机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "musical instrument｜乐器",
   "musical talent｜音乐天赋",
   "musical performance｜音乐表演",
   "a stage musical｜舞台音乐剧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "music (n.)",
   "musician (n.)",
   "musically (adv.)",
   "musicality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作形容词指“音乐的”；作可数名词指音乐剧等。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "musical"
 },
 {
  "w": "shake",
  "uk": "/ʃeɪk/",
  "us": "/ʃeɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "摇动；抖动；颤抖",
    "en": "to move quickly back and forth, or cause this movement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使震惊；动摇",
    "en": "to upset someone deeply or weaken their confidence"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "摇动；抖动",
    "en": "a quick movement back and forth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Shake the bottle well before pouring juice into your glass.",
    "zh": "把果汁倒进杯子前，先充分摇匀瓶子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Repeated failures in public transport can shake commuters' confidence in the reliability of urban services.",
    "zh": "公共交通反复出现故障，可能动摇通勤者对城市服务可靠性的信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shake hands｜握手",
   "shake your head｜摇头",
   "shake with fear｜吓得发抖",
   "shake confidence｜动摇信心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shaky (adj.)",
   "shakily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tremble",
   "quiver"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不规则变化：shake—shook—shaken。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shake"
 },
 {
  "w": "litre",
  "uk": "/ˈliːtə/",
  "us": "/ˈliːtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "升（容积单位）",
    "en": "a unit of volume equal to one thousand millilitres"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We need a litre of milk for this pudding.",
    "zh": "做这道布丁需要一升牛奶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Measuring household water use in litres can help residents understand consumption and identify opportunities to reduce waste.",
    "zh": "以升为单位测量家庭用水量，有助于居民了解消耗情况并找到减少浪费的方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a litre of milk｜一升牛奶",
   "half a litre｜半升",
   "litres per minute｜每分钟升数"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写litre，美式liter；复数加s。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "litre"
 },
 {
  "w": "haircut",
  "uk": "/ˈheəkʌt/",
  "us": "/ˈherkʌt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "理发；发型",
    "en": "An act of cutting hair, or the resulting hairstyle."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I need a haircut before my cousin's wedding.",
    "zh": "表亲的婚礼之前，我需要理个发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Offering affordable haircuts at community centres can help trainee hairdressers gain practical experience while serving local residents.",
    "zh": "在社区中心提供价格实惠的理发服务，能让实习理发师在服务当地居民的同时积累实践经验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get a haircut｜去理发",
   "a short haircut｜短发造型",
   "need a haircut｜需要理发"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hair (n.)",
   "hairdresser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "说get或have a haircut，不说cut a haircut。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "haircut"
 },
 {
  "w": "expect",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspekt/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "预料；预计",
    "en": "to believe that something will probably happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "要求；期望",
    "en": "to regard something as necessary or reasonably required"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "等待；期待到来",
    "en": "to believe someone or something will arrive soon"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We expect rain, so take an umbrella with you.",
    "zh": "我们预计会下雨，所以带上雨伞吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers increasingly expect graduates to demonstrate practical skills as well as a strong understanding of their subject.",
    "zh": "雇主越来越期望毕业生既展现实践技能，又具备扎实的专业知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "expect to do something｜预计做某事",
   "expect someone to do something｜期望某人做某事",
   "fully expect｜完全预料到",
   "as expected｜正如预料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expectation (n.)",
   "expected (adj.)",
   "unexpected (adj.)",
   "expectancy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "anticipate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "expect偏重认为会发生，hope偏重希望发生。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expect"
 },
 {
  "w": "pineapple",
  "uk": "/ˈpaɪnæpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpaɪnæpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "菠萝；凤梨",
    "en": "a tropical fruit with rough skin and sweet yellow flesh"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sliced a fresh pineapple for our picnic.",
    "zh": "她为我们的野餐切了一个新鲜菠萝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing pineapple for export can support rural incomes, but intensive farming may damage local soils.",
    "zh": "种植菠萝用于出口可以增加农村收入，但集约化种植可能损害当地土壤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fresh pineapple｜新鲜菠萝",
   "pineapple juice｜菠萝汁",
   "pineapple chunks｜菠萝块"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "整个菠萝可数，作为食物的菠萝果肉常不可数。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pineapple"
 },
 {
  "w": "bone",
  "uk": "/bəʊn/",
  "us": "/boʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "骨；骨头",
    "en": "One of the hard parts forming a body's supporting frame."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "剔去……的骨头",
    "en": "To remove the bones from meat or fish."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He broke a bone in his wrist while skating.",
    "zh": "他滑冰时摔断了手腕的一块骨头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular weight-bearing exercise helps maintain bone strength and can reduce the risk of fractures in older adults.",
    "zh": "规律的负重运动有助于保持骨骼强度，并能降低老年人骨折的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "break a bone｜骨折",
   "bone strength｜骨骼强度",
   "bone marrow｜骨髓",
   "bone density｜骨密度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bony (adj.)",
   "boneless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bone作动词指去骨；boneless表示无骨的。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bone"
 },
 {
  "w": "mirror",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪrə/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪrɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "镜子",
    "en": "A smooth surface, usually glass, that shows a reflected image."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "反映；与……相似",
    "en": "Show the same qualities, changes, or features as something else."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He checked his hair in the mirror before leaving.",
    "zh": "他离开前照镜子检查了一下头发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Changes in consumer spending often mirror broader economic trends, particularly during periods of financial uncertainty.",
    "zh": "消费者支出的变化往往反映更广泛的经济趋势，在金融形势不明朗时期尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "look in the mirror｜照镜子",
   "a full-length mirror｜全身镜",
   "mirror changes｜反映变化",
   "mirror reality｜反映现实"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "reflect"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "照镜子用look in the mirror，不用look the mirror。",
  "cefr": "A2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mirror"
 },
 {
  "w": "hut",
  "uk": "/hʌt/",
  "us": "/hʌt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "简陋小屋；棚屋",
    "en": "A small, simple building, often made of wood or grass."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sheltered from the rain in a wooden hut.",
    "zh": "我们躲进一间木屋避雨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Mountain huts provide essential shelter for hikers, but their construction should minimise damage to fragile ecosystems.",
    "zh": "山间小屋为徒步者提供必要的庇护，但建造时应尽量减少对脆弱生态系统的破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wooden hut｜木屋",
   "mountain hut｜山间小屋",
   "thatched hut｜茅草屋"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hut强调简小朴素，通常不是设施齐全的住宅。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hut"
 },
 {
  "w": "sour",
  "uk": "/ˈsaʊə/",
  "us": "/ˈsaʊər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "酸的；酸味的",
    "en": "Having a sharp taste like a lemon."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "酸腐的；变质的",
    "en": "Having an unpleasant taste or smell after becoming spoiled."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变坏；使恶化",
    "en": "To become less pleasant or make a relationship worse."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These grapes are too sour for my taste.",
    "zh": "这些葡萄对我来说太酸了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Disagreements over shared resources can sour relations between neighbouring countries and delay important environmental projects.",
    "zh": "共享资源方面的分歧可能使邻国关系恶化，并延误重要的环境项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sour taste｜酸味",
   "go sour｜变酸；变质",
   "sour relations｜使关系恶化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sourness (n.)",
   "sourly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "sweet"
  ],
  "tip": "go sour可指食物变质，也可指关系变坏。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sour"
 },
 {
  "w": "currency",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌrənsi/",
  "us": "/ˈkɜːrənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "货币；通货",
    "en": "The money used in a particular country."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "流传；通行",
    "en": "The state of being widely accepted or used."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We exchanged our money for local currency at the airport.",
    "zh": "我们在机场把钱兑换成了当地货币。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A weaker currency can attract international tourists by making accommodation and other services more affordable.",
    "zh": "货币贬值可以降低住宿和其他服务的价格，从而吸引国际游客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "foreign currency｜外币",
   "local currency｜当地货币",
   "currency exchange｜货币兑换",
   "gain currency｜逐渐流行"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "货币种类可数；泛指货币通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "currency"
 },
 {
  "w": "qualification",
  "uk": "/ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkwɑːlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学历；资格证书",
    "en": "An official award showing successful completion of education or training."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "资历；资格条件",
    "en": "A skill or quality making someone suitable for a role."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "限定条件；保留意见",
    "en": "A condition that limits the meaning or acceptance of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This qualification helped me find work at a nursery.",
    "zh": "这个资格证书帮助我在一家幼儿园找到了工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers increasingly value practical experience alongside formal qualifications when recruiting graduates for demanding professional roles.",
    "zh": "招聘毕业生担任要求较高的专业岗位时，雇主越来越重视实际经验与正式学历。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "academic qualifications｜学历",
   "professional qualification｜职业资格",
   "entry qualifications｜入学资格",
   "without qualification｜毫无保留地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "qualify (v.)",
   "qualified (adj.)",
   "unqualified (adj.)",
   "qualifying (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "credential"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "谈学历或资历常用复数qualifications。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "qualification"
 },
 {
  "w": "issue",
  "uk": "/ˈɪʃuː/",
  "us": "/ˈɪʃuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "议题；重要问题",
    "en": "An important subject or problem that needs discussion."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发布；发放",
    "en": "To officially announce or give something to people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "报刊的一期",
    "en": "One edition of a regularly published newspaper or magazine."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We discussed the parking issue at our neighbourhood meeting.",
    "zh": "我们在邻里会议上讨论了停车问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must address the issue of housing affordability to ensure that young adults can live independently.",
    "zh": "政府必须解决住房负担能力问题，确保年轻人能够独立生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "address an issue｜处理问题",
   "a controversial issue｜有争议的议题",
   "issue a warning｜发布警告",
   "the latest issue｜最新一期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "issuance (n.)",
   "issuer (n.)",
   "reissue (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "issue 作问题常指需讨论的议题，不一定是困难。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "issue"
 },
 {
  "w": "indoors",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnˈdɔːz/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnˈdɔːrz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在室内；往室内",
    "en": "Inside a building, or into a building."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed indoors and played chess during the storm.",
    "zh": "暴风雨期间，我们待在室内下棋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children who spend most of their time indoors may have fewer opportunities for physical activity.",
    "zh": "大部分时间待在室内的孩子可能较少有机会进行体育活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stay indoors｜待在室内",
   "go indoors｜进入室内",
   "keep pets indoors｜把宠物养在室内"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "indoor (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inside"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "outdoors"
  ],
  "tip": "indoors是副词；修饰名词用indoor，如indoor sports。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indoors"
 },
 {
  "w": "amaze",
  "uk": "/əˈmeɪz/",
  "us": "/əˈmeɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使惊奇；使惊叹",
    "en": "to surprise someone very much"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The magician's clever tricks never fail to amaze the children.",
    "zh": "魔术师巧妙的戏法总能让孩子们惊叹不已。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in medical technology continue to amaze researchers and offer new hope to patients with complex conditions.",
    "zh": "医疗技术的进步不断令研究人员惊叹，也为病情复杂的患者带来新的希望。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "never cease to amaze｜始终令人惊叹",
   "amaze an audience｜令观众惊叹",
   "be amazed at｜对…感到惊奇"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "amazed (adj.)",
   "amazing (adj.)",
   "amazement (n.)",
   "amazingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "astonish",
   "astound"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "人感到惊奇用amazed；事物令人惊奇用amazing。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amaze"
 },
 {
  "w": "maker",
  "uk": "/ˈmeɪkə/",
  "us": "/ˈmeɪkər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "制造者；制造商",
    "en": "A person or company that produces something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The furniture maker carved a beautiful chair from oak.",
    "zh": "这位家具工匠用橡木雕出了一把漂亮的椅子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Car makers are investing in cleaner technologies to meet stricter environmental standards and changing consumer expectations.",
    "zh": "汽车制造商正在投资更清洁的技术，以满足更严格的环保标准和不断变化的消费者期望。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "furniture maker｜家具制造商",
   "car maker｜汽车制造商",
   "decision maker｜决策者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "make (v.)",
   "making (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "manufacturer",
   "producer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常与产品名搭配；决策者用decision maker。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "maker"
 },
 {
  "w": "solution",
  "uk": "/səˈluːʃən/",
  "us": "/səˈluːʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "解决办法；解答",
    "en": "a way to solve a problem or answer a question"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "溶液",
    "en": "a liquid containing a substance dissolved in it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Adding another shelf was a simple solution to the clutter.",
    "zh": "再加一个架子是解决杂乱问题的简单办法。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in renewable energy offers a long-term solution to the environmental problems caused by fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "投资可再生能源为化石燃料造成的环境问题提供了长期解决方案。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a solution to a problem｜问题的解决办法",
   "find a solution｜找到解决办法",
   "a practical solution｜切实可行的办法",
   "a salt solution｜盐溶液"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "solve (v.)",
   "soluble (adj.)",
   "solubility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "answer",
   "remedy"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“……的解决办法”用solution to，不用solution of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "solution"
 },
 {
  "w": "therefore",
  "uk": "/ˈðeəfɔː/",
  "us": "/ˈðerfɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "因此；所以",
    "en": "as a result of what has just been stated"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop was closed; therefore, we went home empty-handed.",
    "zh": "商店关门了，因此我们空手回了家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public parks encourage physical activity and social interaction; therefore, cities should invest in maintaining accessible green spaces.",
    "zh": "公共公园有助于促进体育活动和社交互动，因此城市应投入资金维护方便使用的绿地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "therefore conclude｜因此得出结论",
   "therefore necessary｜因此有必要",
   "and therefore｜因而"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "consequently",
   "thus",
   "hence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是副词，不能仅用逗号连接两个完整句子。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "therefore"
 },
 {
  "w": "routine",
  "uk": "/ruːˈtiːn/",
  "us": "/ruːˈtiːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "惯例；日常安排",
    "en": "A regular way of doing things in a particular order."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "例行的；常规的",
    "en": "Done regularly as part of the usual process."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一套表演动作",
    "en": "A planned sequence of movements in a performance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A short walk is part of my morning routine.",
    "zh": "短距离散步是我每天早晨的固定安排之一。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Maintaining a regular sleep routine can improve concentration and help students cope with academic pressure.",
    "zh": "保持规律的睡眠作息能提高注意力，帮助学生应对学业压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "daily routine｜日常安排",
   "routine check｜例行检查",
   "exercise routine｜一套锻炼动作",
   "establish a routine｜建立固定规律"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "routinely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词指固定安排；形容词指按惯例进行的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "routine"
 },
 {
  "w": "claim",
  "uk": "/kleɪm/",
  "us": "/kleɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "声称；宣称",
    "en": "to say something is true, often without providing proof"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "索取；认领",
    "en": "to ask for or take something you believe is yours"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "说法；索赔要求",
    "en": "a statement of truth or a request for something owed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He claims he can fix my bike by lunchtime.",
    "zh": "他声称能在午饭前修好我的自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some researchers claim that access to green spaces can improve mental health and strengthen community relationships.",
    "zh": "一些研究人员认为，能够使用绿地有助于改善心理健康并加强社区联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "claim that｜声称……",
   "claim responsibility for｜宣称对……负责",
   "claim compensation｜索赔",
   "make a claim｜提出说法或索赔要求"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "claimant (n.)",
   "unclaimed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assert",
   "maintain"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "claim强调某人的说法，不代表已得到证实。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "claim"
 },
 {
  "w": "confidence",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnfɪdəns/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnfɪdəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自信；信心",
    "en": "Belief in your abilities or in a successful outcome."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "信任；信赖",
    "en": "Trust that someone or something is reliable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Practising with friends gave me confidence before the interview.",
    "zh": "和朋友一起练习让我在面试前有了信心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Supportive feedback can build students' confidence and encourage them to participate more actively in classroom discussions.",
    "zh": "鼓励性的反馈可以增强学生的自信，促使他们更积极地参与课堂讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "build confidence｜建立信心",
   "confidence in someone｜对某人的信任",
   "lack confidence｜缺乏信心",
   "in confidence｜私下保密地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "confident (adj.)",
   "confidently (adv.)",
   "self-confidence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "self-assurance",
   "trust"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "doubt",
   "insecurity"
  ],
  "tip": "对某人或某事有信心用confidence in。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "confidence"
 },
 {
  "w": "volunteer",
  "uk": "/ˌvɒlənˈtɪə/",
  "us": "/ˌvɑːlənˈtɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "志愿者；义工",
    "en": "someone who freely offers to help, usually without payment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "自愿做；主动提供",
    "en": "to freely offer to do something or give information"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A volunteer helped us carry the boxes upstairs.",
    "zh": "一位志愿者帮我们把箱子搬上了楼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities can encourage students to volunteer in their communities by offering flexible schedules and practical support.",
    "zh": "大学可以通过提供灵活的时间安排和实际支持，鼓励学生参与社区志愿服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "volunteer work｜志愿工作",
   "volunteer to help｜主动提出帮忙",
   "volunteer for a charity｜为慈善机构做义工",
   "recruit volunteers｜招募志愿者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "voluntary (adj.)",
   "voluntarily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "自愿做某事用volunteer to do；voluntary是常用形容词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "volunteer"
 },
 {
  "w": "switch",
  "uk": "/swɪtʃ/",
  "us": "/swɪtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "开关",
    "en": "A device used to turn equipment on or off."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "转换；改变",
    "en": "To change from one thing to another."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "转换；改变",
    "en": "A change from one thing to another."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The light switch is just behind the kitchen door.",
    "zh": "电灯开关就在厨房门后。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments can encourage households to switch to renewable energy by offering financial support.",
    "zh": "政府可以提供经济支持，鼓励家庭改用可再生能源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "light switch｜电灯开关",
   "switch off｜关闭",
   "switch to｜改用；转向",
   "make the switch｜作出转换"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "switch on/off表示开关设备；switch to表示改用。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "switch"
 },
 {
  "w": "block",
  "uk": "/blɒk/",
  "us": "/blɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大块；块状物",
    "en": "A solid piece of material with fairly flat sides."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "阻挡；堵塞",
    "en": "To stop movement or prevent something from happening."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "街区；大楼",
    "en": "An area between streets, or a large building."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sculptor carved a bird from a block of wood.",
    "zh": "雕刻家用一块木头雕出了一只鸟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poorly parked vehicles can block access to public buildings, creating difficulties for wheelchair users.",
    "zh": "停放不当的车辆可能堵住公共建筑的入口，给轮椅使用者带来困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a block of flats｜一栋公寓楼",
   "block the entrance｜堵住入口",
   "a block of ice｜一大块冰",
   "city block｜城市街区"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blockage (n.)",
   "blocked (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a block of flats指公寓楼，是英式常用表达。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "block"
 },
 {
  "w": "mild",
  "uk": "/maɪld/",
  "us": "/maɪld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "轻微的；不严重的",
    "en": "Not severe or strong in effect"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "温和的；不寒冷的",
    "en": "Pleasantly warm rather than cold"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "味淡的；不辣的",
    "en": "Not strong or spicy in flavour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I have a mild headache, so I'll rest briefly.",
    "zh": "我有点头痛，所以要稍微休息一下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even mild air pollution can affect vulnerable groups, making regular monitoring essential in densely populated cities.",
    "zh": "即使轻度空气污染也会影响易受伤害的群体，因此人口密集的城市必须定期监测空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mild symptoms｜轻微症状",
   "mild weather｜温和的天气",
   "mild flavour｜清淡的味道",
   "mild headache｜轻微头痛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mildly (adv.)",
   "mildness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "slight",
   "gentle"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "severe",
   "harsh"
  ],
  "tip": "mild 可形容症状、天气和味道，不等于“无害”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mild"
 },
 {
  "w": "hostel",
  "uk": "/ˈhɒstəl/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːstəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "廉价旅舍；青年旅舍",
    "en": "An inexpensive place to stay, often with shared rooms."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "临时收容所",
    "en": "A place providing temporary accommodation for people needing support."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared a room with other travellers at the hostel.",
    "zh": "我们在旅舍和其他旅行者合住一个房间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Youth hostels make international travel more affordable for students while encouraging interaction between people from different backgrounds.",
    "zh": "青年旅舍让学生更能负担国际旅行，同时促进不同背景的人之间的交流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "youth hostel｜青年旅舍",
   "stay in a hostel｜住旅舍",
   "hostel accommodation｜旅舍住宿"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hostel常有多人间，hotel通常提供独立客房。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hostel"
 },
 {
  "w": "inch",
  "uk": "/ɪntʃ/",
  "us": "/ɪntʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英寸",
    "en": "a unit of length equal to 2.54 centimetres"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缓慢移动",
    "en": "to move very slowly over a short distance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shelf is an inch wider than the cupboard.",
    "zh": "这个架子比橱柜宽一英寸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During rush hour, buses inch through crowded streets, making public transport less attractive to commuters.",
    "zh": "高峰时段，公交车在拥挤的街道上缓慢行驶，降低了公共交通对通勤者的吸引力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an inch thick｜一英寸厚",
   "inch forward｜缓慢向前移动",
   "inch by inch｜一点一点地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英寸符号为″；作动词表示一点点移动。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inch"
 },
 {
  "w": "sister-in-law",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪstər ɪn lɔː/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪstər ɪn lɔː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "姑嫂；妯娌；妻子的姐妹",
    "en": "your spouse's sister, or your sibling's or spouse's sibling's wife"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister-in-law brought homemade soup when I was ill.",
    "zh": "我生病时，嫂子送来了她自己做的汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sharing childcare with a sister-in-law can help working parents balance professional responsibilities and family life.",
    "zh": "与姑嫂分担育儿工作，可以帮助在职父母平衡工作责任与家庭生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "future sister-in-law｜未来的嫂子或弟媳",
   "my sister-in-law's family｜我姑嫂的家人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指姻亲姐妹，不是继姐妹；复数sisters-in-law。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sister-in-law"
 },
 {
  "w": "rope",
  "uk": "/rəʊp/",
  "us": "/roʊp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "绳；绳索",
    "en": "a thick, strong cord made from twisted fibres"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用绳捆绑",
    "en": "to tie or secure something with rope"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We tied the boat to a post with rope.",
    "zh": "我们用绳子把船系在一根柱子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Climbers should inspect their ropes regularly because damaged equipment can put the entire group at risk.",
    "zh": "登山者应定期检查绳索，因为损坏的装备可能危及整个团队。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a length of rope｜一段绳子",
   "climbing rope｜攀登绳",
   "skip rope｜跳绳",
   "rope off an area｜用绳围起一片区域"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cord"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "材料泛指用rope；一根绳可说a rope。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rope"
 },
 {
  "w": "pour",
  "uk": "/pɔː/",
  "us": "/pɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "倒；灌；倾注",
    "en": "To make liquid flow from a container."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "下倾盆大雨",
    "en": "To rain very heavily."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "涌入；涌出",
    "en": "To move or arrive continuously in large quantities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She poured warm milk into a large blue mug.",
    "zh": "她把温牛奶倒进一个蓝色的大杯子里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When factories pour untreated waste into rivers, they threaten aquatic ecosystems and nearby communities' drinking water.",
    "zh": "工厂将未经处理的废弃物排入河流时，会威胁水生生态系统及附近社区的饮用水安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pour into｜倒入；涌入",
   "pour out｜倒出；涌出",
   "pour with rain｜下倾盆大雨",
   "pour money into｜向……投入大量资金"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "倒入用pour into；倒出用pour out of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pour"
 },
 {
  "w": "awesome",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːsəm/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːsəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极棒的；极好的",
    "en": "Extremely good or enjoyable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人惊叹的；令人敬畏的",
    "en": "Causing great admiration, wonder, or sometimes fear."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mountain view from our tent was absolutely awesome.",
    "zh": "从我们的帐篷望出去，山景简直棒极了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The awesome power of volcanic eruptions highlights the importance of effective monitoring systems in nearby communities.",
    "zh": "火山喷发令人敬畏的威力凸显了周边社区建立有效监测系统的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an awesome experience｜极棒的体验",
   "an awesome view｜绝美景色",
   "awesome power｜令人敬畏的力量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "awe (n.)",
   "awestruck (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "amazing",
   "fantastic"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“超棒”时较口语；正式写作宜选更具体的词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "awesome"
 },
 {
  "w": "comic",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "滑稽的；喜剧的",
    "en": "funny or connected with comedy"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "漫画书；连环漫画",
    "en": "a publication telling stories through sequences of pictures"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喜剧演员",
    "en": "a performer who entertains people by making them laugh"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His comic dance had everyone laughing at the party.",
    "zh": "他那滑稽的舞蹈逗得聚会上的每个人都笑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Comic characters can make educational programmes more engaging and help children remember important information.",
    "zh": "滑稽的角色可以让教育节目更有吸引力，帮助儿童记住重要信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "comic timing｜喜剧节奏感",
   "comic strip｜连环漫画",
   "comic book｜漫画书",
   "comic effect｜喜剧效果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "comical (adj.)",
   "comically (adv.)",
   "comedy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "funny",
   "humorous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "serious"
  ],
  "tip": "comic可指喜剧相关；comical侧重滑稽可笑。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "comic"
 },
 {
  "w": "content",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒntent/; /kənˈtent/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːntent/; /kənˈtent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "内容；含量",
    "en": "Information in something, or the amount of a substance it contains"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "满意的；知足的",
    "en": "Happy with what you have or with your situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使满足；使满意",
    "en": "To make someone satisfied with what is available"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The content of this podcast always makes me laugh.",
    "zh": "这个播客的内容总能让我笑起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach students to evaluate online content critically rather than accepting every claim as reliable information.",
    "zh": "学校应教学生批判性地评估网络内容，而不是把每一种说法都当作可靠信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "online content｜网络内容",
   "sugar content｜含糖量",
   "content with｜对……满意",
   "content yourself with｜使自己满足于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contentment (n.)",
   "contented (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在前，形容词和动词在后；目录用contents。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "content"
 },
 {
  "w": "dozen",
  "uk": "/ˈdʌzn/",
  "us": "/ˈdʌzn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "十二个；一打",
    "en": "a group of twelve"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "许多；几十个",
    "en": "a large unspecified quantity, used in the plural"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please buy a dozen eggs on your way home.",
    "zh": "请在回家的路上买十二个鸡蛋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Dozens of community gardens have opened across the city, giving residents more opportunities to grow food.",
    "zh": "全市已开设数十个社区菜园，让居民有更多机会种植食物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a dozen eggs｜一打鸡蛋",
   "half a dozen｜半打；六个",
   "dozens of people｜几十个人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "two dozen不加s；dozens of表示许多。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dozen"
 },
 {
  "w": "development",
  "uk": "/dɪˈveləpmənt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈveləpmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发展；发育",
    "en": "the process of growing, changing, or becoming more advanced"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "开发；研制",
    "en": "the process of creating or improving products, land, or services"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新进展；新情况",
    "en": "a new event or change in a situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Regular play supports a young child's development in many ways.",
    "zh": "经常玩耍能从多方面促进幼儿的成长。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport can support economic development while reducing traffic congestion in growing cities.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通既能支持经济发展，也能缓解扩张中的城市的交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "economic development｜经济发展",
   "child development｜儿童发育",
   "product development｜产品开发",
   "sustainable development｜可持续发展"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "develop (v.)",
   "developer (n.)",
   "developing (adj.)",
   "developmental (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "growth",
   "progress"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指发展通常不可数；表示新进展时可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "development"
 },
 {
  "w": "currently",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌrəntli/",
  "us": "/ˈkɝːəntli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "目前；当前",
    "en": "at the present time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our kitchen is currently full of boxes from the move.",
    "zh": "我们的厨房目前堆满了搬家用的箱子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many cities are currently investing in cycling infrastructure to reduce traffic congestion and improve urban air quality.",
    "zh": "许多城市目前正在投资建设自行车基础设施，以缓解交通拥堵并改善城市空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "currently available｜目前可获得的",
   "currently working｜目前正在工作",
   "currently under construction｜目前正在建设中"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "current (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "now",
   "at present"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“目前”，常放在实义动词前、be动词后。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "currently"
 },
 {
  "w": "freezing",
  "uk": "/ˈfriːzɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈfriːzɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极冷的；冰冻的",
    "en": "Extremely cold, or cold enough for water to become ice."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冰点",
    "en": "The temperature at which water turns into ice."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My hands were freezing after waiting outside for the bus.",
    "zh": "在外面等公交车后，我的双手冰冷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Freezing temperatures can damage water pipes and disrupt essential services, particularly in areas with ageing infrastructure.",
    "zh": "冰冻天气可能损坏水管并扰乱基本服务，尤其是在基础设施老化的地区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "freezing cold｜冰冷的",
   "freezing temperatures｜冰点及以下的气温",
   "below freezing｜冰点以下",
   "freezing point｜冰点"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "freeze (v.)",
   "frozen (adj.)",
   "freezer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "icy",
   "frigid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hot"
  ],
  "tip": "I'm freezing表示我冷极了，不一定真的结冰。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "freezing"
 },
 {
  "w": "fitness",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪtnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪtnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "身体健康；体能",
    "en": "The condition of being physically healthy and strong."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "适合；胜任",
    "en": "The quality of being suitable for a task or purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Swimming every morning has really improved my fitness.",
    "zh": "每天早晨游泳确实提高了我的体能。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can improve children's fitness by providing regular opportunities for enjoyable physical activity throughout the week.",
    "zh": "学校可以在一周内定期提供有趣的体育活动机会，以增强儿童体能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "physical fitness｜身体素质",
   "fitness level｜体能水平",
   "fitness for work｜工作胜任能力",
   "fitness centre｜健身中心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fit (adj.)",
   "unfit (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；fitness for表示对某事的适合程度。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fitness"
 },
 {
  "w": "summary",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌməri/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌməri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "总结；概要",
    "en": "a short account giving the main points of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "概括的；简要的",
    "en": "presenting only the main facts or points"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you give me a quick summary of the meeting?",
    "zh": "你能简要说说这次会议的内容吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "A clear summary at the beginning of a report helps readers understand its main findings quickly.",
    "zh": "报告开头清晰的概要有助于读者迅速了解主要研究结果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a brief summary｜简短的概要",
   "a summary of｜……的概要",
   "in summary｜总而言之",
   "an executive summary｜执行摘要"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "summarise (v.)",
   "summarisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "overview",
   "synopsis"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a summary of后接概括对象；in summary用于总结。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "summary"
 },
 {
  "w": "statue",
  "uk": "/ˈstætʃuː/",
  "us": "/ˈstætʃuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雕像；塑像",
    "en": "A sculpture representing a person or animal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A bronze statue of a horse stands beside the fountain.",
    "zh": "喷泉旁矗立着一座马的铜像。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public statues can preserve local history, but communities should discuss which figures deserve such recognition.",
    "zh": "公共雕像可以保存地方历史，但社区应讨论哪些人物值得获得这样的认可。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bronze statue｜铜像",
   "a marble statue｜大理石雕像",
   "erect a statue｜竖立雕像",
   "unveil a statue｜为雕像揭幕"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "statue是雕像；status是地位，注意拼写区别。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "statue"
 },
 {
  "w": "political",
  "uk": "/pəˈlɪtɪkəl/",
  "us": "/pəˈlɪtɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "政治的；政党的",
    "en": "relating to government, public power, or political parties"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We often discuss political issues around the dinner table.",
    "zh": "我们经常在餐桌上讨论政治问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Political stability can encourage long-term investment and help governments maintain essential public services.",
    "zh": "政治稳定能够鼓励长期投资，并帮助政府维持必要的公共服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "political party｜政党",
   "political stability｜政治稳定",
   "political debate｜政治辩论",
   "political system｜政治制度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "politics (n.)",
   "politician (n.)",
   "politically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "apolitical"
  ],
  "tip": "political是形容词；politics指政治，politician指政治家。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "political"
 },
 {
  "w": "cabbage",
  "uk": "/ˈkæbɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈkæbɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卷心菜；甘蓝",
    "en": "a vegetable with large leaves forming a firm round head"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sliced the cabbage thinly and added it to soup.",
    "zh": "她把卷心菜切成细丝，放进汤里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Locally grown vegetables such as cabbage can support healthier diets while reducing the environmental impact of food transport.",
    "zh": "卷心菜等本地种植的蔬菜有助于改善饮食健康，同时减少食品运输对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "red cabbage｜紫甘蓝",
   "shredded cabbage｜卷心菜丝",
   "a head of cabbage｜一颗卷心菜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "整颗可数：a cabbage；作为食材通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cabbage"
 },
 {
  "w": "inexpensive",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnɪkˈspensɪv/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnɪkˈspensɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "价格低廉的",
    "en": "Not costing much money."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found an inexpensive café near the train station.",
    "zh": "我们在火车站附近找到了一家价格实惠的咖啡馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cycling offers an inexpensive alternative to driving and can help reduce traffic congestion in growing cities.",
    "zh": "骑自行车是驾车之外一种经济实惠的选择，也有助于缓解发展中城市的交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inexpensive alternative｜廉价替代选择",
   "relatively inexpensive｜相对便宜的",
   "inexpensive accommodation｜价格低廉的住宿"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expensive (adj.)",
   "inexpensively (adv.)",
   "expense (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "affordable",
   "cheap",
   "low-cost"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "expensive",
   "costly"
  ],
  "tip": "比cheap更中性，通常不暗示质量差。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inexpensive"
 },
 {
  "w": "rug",
  "uk": "/rʌɡ/",
  "us": "/rʌɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小地毯",
    "en": "a movable covering for part of a floor"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "厚毯；盖毯",
    "en": "a thick blanket used for warmth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cat curled up on the rug beside the sofa.",
    "zh": "猫蜷卧在沙发旁的小地毯上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Placing a rug on a hard floor can reduce noise and make shared housing more comfortable.",
    "zh": "在硬地板上铺一块小地毯可以降低噪声，让合住空间更舒适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wool rug｜羊毛小地毯",
   "a woven rug｜编织地毯",
   "a hearth rug｜壁炉前的小地毯"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rug通常只覆盖部分地面；carpet可铺满整个房间。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rug"
 },
 {
  "w": "agent",
  "uk": "/ˈeɪdʒənt/",
  "us": "/ˈeɪdʒənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "代理人；代理商",
    "en": "A person or business acting on behalf of others"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "特工",
    "en": "Someone secretly gathering information for a government or organisation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "作用剂；促成因素",
    "en": "A substance or force that produces a particular effect"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The travel agent found us a cheaper flight home.",
    "zh": "旅行代理人为我们找到了更便宜的回程航班。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local community groups can act as agents of change by encouraging residents to adopt more sustainable habits.",
    "zh": "当地社区团体可以鼓励居民养成更可持续的生活习惯，从而推动变革。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "travel agent｜旅行代理人",
   "estate agent｜房地产经纪人",
   "cleaning agent｜清洁剂",
   "an agent of change｜变革推动者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "agency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "representative"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "agent不只指特工；cleaning agent中的agent指剂。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "agent"
 },
 {
  "w": "port",
  "uk": "/pɔːt/",
  "us": "/pɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "港口；港口城市",
    "en": "A place where ships load, unload, or shelter."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计算机端口；接口",
    "en": "A physical connection point or virtual channel for computer communication."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "船或飞机的左舷",
    "en": "The left side of a ship or aircraft, facing forward."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched fishing boats returning to the port.",
    "zh": "我们看着渔船返回港口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding the port could increase international trade, but it may also damage nearby marine habitats.",
    "zh": "扩建港口可能促进国际贸易，但也可能破坏附近的海洋生境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a busy port｜繁忙的港口",
   "a port city｜港口城市",
   "a USB port｜USB接口",
   "the port side｜左舷"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "harbour"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "port指左舷时，反义词是starboard（右舷）。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "port"
 },
 {
  "w": "workplace",
  "uk": "/ˈwɜːkpleɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈwɝːkpleɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工作场所",
    "en": "A place where people do their jobs."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our workplace has a quiet room for lunch breaks.",
    "zh": "我们的工作场所有一间安静的房间，供午休使用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Creating an inclusive workplace helps employees feel valued and encourages cooperation among people from different backgrounds.",
    "zh": "营造包容的工作环境有助于员工感到受重视，并促进不同背景的人之间的合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "workplace safety｜工作场所安全",
   "in the workplace｜在工作场所",
   "workplace culture｜职场文化",
   "workplace training｜在岗培训"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "work (n.)",
   "work (v.)",
   "worker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指办公室、工厂等工作场所，不等于单指办公室。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "workplace"
 },
 {
  "w": "intelligent",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "聪明的；理解力强的",
    "en": "Able to learn, understand, and think well."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "智能的",
    "en": "Able to process information and respond automatically in useful ways."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our intelligent puppy quickly learned how to open doors.",
    "zh": "我们那只聪明的小狗很快就学会了开门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Intelligent transport systems can reduce congestion by adjusting traffic signals in response to changing road conditions.",
    "zh": "智能交通系统可以根据道路状况的变化调整交通信号，从而缓解拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "highly intelligent｜非常聪明的",
   "intelligent systems｜智能系统",
   "intelligent decision｜明智的决定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intelligence (n.)",
   "intelligently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clever",
   "smart",
   "bright"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unintelligent"
  ],
  "tip": "intelligent指聪明的；intelligible指可理解的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intelligent"
 },
 {
  "w": "employment",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "就业；受雇；工作",
    "en": "paid work or the state of having a paid job"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "使用；运用",
    "en": "the use of something for a particular purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She found employment at a bakery near her home.",
    "zh": "她在家附近的一家面包店找到了工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in renewable energy can create employment opportunities while helping countries meet their climate targets.",
    "zh": "投资可再生能源可以创造就业机会，同时帮助各国实现气候目标。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "employment opportunities｜就业机会",
   "full-time employment｜全职工作",
   "seek employment｜求职",
   "employment rate｜就业率"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "employ (v.)",
   "employee (n.)",
   "employer (n.)",
   "unemployment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "work"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unemployment"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；一份工作用a job，不用an employment。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "employment"
 },
 {
  "w": "equator",
  "uk": "/ɪˈkweɪtə/",
  "us": "/ɪˈkweɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赤道",
    "en": "An imaginary line around Earth's middle, equally distant from both poles."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our guide explained why it stays warm near the equator.",
    "zh": "导游解释了为什么赤道附近一直很暖和。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regions near the equator receive intense sunlight throughout the year, contributing to consistently high temperatures.",
    "zh": "赤道附近的地区全年受到强烈的阳光照射，因此气温持续偏高。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "near the equator｜在赤道附近",
   "cross the equator｜穿越赤道",
   "north of the equator｜赤道以北"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "equatorial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "赤道前通常加the；形容词是equatorial。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "equator"
 },
 {
  "w": "suncream",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌnkriːm/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌnkriːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "防晒霜",
    "en": "A cream that protects skin from the sun's harmful rays."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I packed suncream and a hat for our afternoon walk.",
    "zh": "我为下午的散步带好了防晒霜和帽子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage children to use suncream and seek shade during outdoor activities in sunny weather.",
    "zh": "学校可以鼓励孩子们在晴天参加户外活动时涂防晒霜并注意遮阴。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "put on suncream｜涂防晒霜",
   "a tube of suncream｜一管防晒霜",
   "high-factor suncream｜高防晒系数的防晒霜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "sunscreen"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要用于英式英语，也常写作sun cream。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suncream"
 },
 {
  "w": "signed",
  "uk": "/saɪnd/",
  "us": "/saɪnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "已签字的；有签名的",
    "en": "bearing someone's signature as proof of agreement or authorship"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "签字（过去式、过去分词）",
    "en": "wrote a signature to identify oneself or show agreement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I put the signed form in a blue envelope.",
    "zh": "我把签好字的表格放进了一个蓝色信封。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A signed agreement helps protect both tenants and landlords by clearly defining their rights and responsibilities.",
    "zh": "签署的协议通过明确租客和房东的权利与责任，有助于保护双方。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a signed contract｜已签署的合同",
   "a signed copy｜签名本",
   "a signed agreement｜已签署的协议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sign (v.)",
   "signature (n.)",
   "unsigned (adj.)",
   "signatory (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unsigned"
  ],
  "tip": "signed可作形容词；“由某人签署”用signed by。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "signed"
 },
 {
  "w": "waterproof",
  "uk": "/ˈwɔːtəpruːf/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːtərpruːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "防水的；不透水的",
    "en": "not allowing water to pass through"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使防水",
    "en": "to treat something so water cannot pass through it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My waterproof jacket kept me dry during the storm.",
    "zh": "暴风雨中，我的防水夹克让我没有淋湿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Outdoor workers need waterproof clothing to remain comfortable and protected when carrying out tasks in wet weather.",
    "zh": "户外工作者需要防水衣物，以便在潮湿天气作业时保持舒适并得到保护。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a waterproof jacket｜防水夹克",
   "waterproof boots｜防水靴",
   "waterproof material｜防水材料",
   "waterproof a roof｜给屋顶做防水"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "waterproofing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "watertight"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "water-resistant仅指有一定抗水能力，防水程度较弱。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "waterproof"
 },
 {
  "w": "disabled",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈeɪbəld/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈeɪbəld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有残疾的",
    "en": "Having a condition that limits activities or participation in society."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pool has a lift for disabled swimmers.",
    "zh": "游泳池设有供残障游泳者使用的升降设备。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should provide accessible facilities and appropriate support to ensure that disabled students can participate fully in campus life.",
    "zh": "大学应提供无障碍设施和适当支持，确保残障学生能够充分参与校园生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disabled people｜残障人士",
   "disabled access｜无障碍通行设施",
   "disabled parking space｜残障人士专用停车位"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disability (n.)",
   "disable (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可说disabled people或people with disabilities，尊重本人偏好。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disabled"
 },
 {
  "w": "supply",
  "uk": "/səˈplaɪ/",
  "us": "/səˈplaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "供应；提供",
    "en": "to provide something that someone needs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "供应；供应量",
    "en": "the provision or available amount of something needed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "必需品；物资",
    "en": "essential items kept or provided for use"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A nearby farm supplies fresh eggs to our shop.",
    "zh": "附近一家农场给我们的商店供应新鲜鸡蛋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities must secure a reliable water supply as population growth and climate change place increasing pressure on resources.",
    "zh": "随着人口增长和气候变化给资源带来越来越大的压力，城市必须确保可靠的供水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "supply someone with something｜向某人供应某物",
   "water supply｜供水",
   "supply and demand｜供求",
   "medical supplies｜医疗物资"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "supplier (n.)",
   "resupply (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "provide"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "supply A with B＝supply B to A；物资常用supplies。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "supply"
 },
 {
  "w": "full-time",
  "uk": "/ˌfʊl ˈtaɪm/",
  "us": "/ˌfʊl ˈtaɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "全职的；全日制的",
    "en": "involving all the usual working or studying hours"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "全职地；全日制地",
    "en": "for all the usual working or studying hours"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister starts her first full-time job next week.",
    "zh": "我姐姐下周开始做她的第一份全职工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable childcare enables more parents to return to full-time employment without placing excessive pressure on family finances.",
    "zh": "负担得起的托育服务使更多家长能够重返全职工作，同时不会给家庭经济带来过大压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "full-time employment｜全职就业",
   "a full-time student｜全日制学生",
   "work full-time｜全职工作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "part-time (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "part-time"
  ],
  "tip": "修饰名词时保留连字符，如a full-time job。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "full-time"
 },
 {
  "w": "multiply",
  "uk": "/ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "乘；做乘法",
    "en": "to calculate a total by adding equal amounts repeatedly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "大量增加；繁殖",
    "en": "to increase greatly in quantity, or produce more living organisms"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Multiply the price by three to find the total.",
    "zh": "把价格乘以三，就能算出总价。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Bacteria can multiply rapidly in warm conditions, making proper food storage essential for public health.",
    "zh": "细菌在温暖环境中能迅速繁殖，因此妥善储存食物对公共健康至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "multiply by｜乘以",
   "multiply rapidly｜迅速增加或繁殖",
   "multiply tenfold｜增加到十倍"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "multiplication (n.)",
   "multiplier (n.)",
   "multiple (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "increase",
   "reproduce"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "divide"
  ],
  "tip": "A乘以B说multiply A by B；过去式为multiplied。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "multiply"
 },
 {
  "w": "request",
  "uk": "/rɪˈkwest/",
  "us": "/rɪˈkwest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "请求；要求",
    "en": "an act of asking politely or formally for something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "请求；要求",
    "en": "to ask politely or formally for something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hotel agreed to my request for extra pillows.",
    "zh": "酒店答应了我多要几个枕头的请求。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents can request detailed information about proposed developments before local authorities make their final planning decisions.",
    "zh": "在地方政府作出最终规划决定之前，居民可以要求获取拟建项目的详细信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a request｜提出请求",
   "a request for information｜索取信息的请求",
   "on request｜经要求即可提供",
   "request permission｜请求许可"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词接for；动词直接接宾语：request information。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "request"
 },
 {
  "w": "recycle",
  "uk": "/ˌriːˈsaɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˌriːˈsaɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "回收利用",
    "en": "to process used materials so they can be used again"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We recycle glass bottles at the centre near our house.",
    "zh": "我们把玻璃瓶送到家附近的回收中心回收。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities can reduce landfill waste by making it easier for residents to recycle everyday packaging.",
    "zh": "城市可以通过方便居民回收日常包装来减少填埋垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "recycle household waste｜回收生活垃圾",
   "recycled paper｜再生纸",
   "recycle plastic bottles｜回收塑料瓶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recycling (n.)",
   "recyclable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "recycle指回收加工再利用，reuse侧重直接再次使用。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recycle"
 },
 {
  "w": "conference",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnfərəns/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnfərəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "会议；研讨会",
    "en": "a formal meeting to discuss a particular subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our hotel is hosting a conference for local teachers.",
    "zh": "我们酒店正在举办一场面向当地教师的研讨会。"
   },
   {
    "en": "At the international conference, researchers discussed how cities could reduce air pollution without limiting economic growth.",
    "zh": "在国际会议上，研究人员讨论了城市如何在不限制经济增长的情况下减少空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attend a conference｜参加会议",
   "hold a conference｜举行会议",
   "press conference｜新闻发布会",
   "conference venue｜会议场地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conferencing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指正式会议；参加会议用attend a conference。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conference"
 },
 {
  "w": "roast",
  "uk": "/rəʊst/",
  "us": "/roʊst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "烤；烘烤",
    "en": "To cook food using dry heat, especially in an oven."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "烤制的",
    "en": "Cooked using dry heat in an oven or over a fire."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烤肉；烤肉餐",
    "en": "A large piece of roasted meat, or a meal containing it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We usually roast potatoes with garlic and fresh herbs.",
    "zh": "我们通常用大蒜和新鲜香草烤土豆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Families can roast seasonal vegetables at home to prepare nutritious meals without relying on highly processed foods.",
    "zh": "家庭可以在家烤时令蔬菜，做出营养丰富的饭菜，而不必依赖高度加工的食品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "roast vegetables｜烤蔬菜",
   "roast chicken｜烤鸡",
   "a Sunday roast｜周日烤肉餐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "roasting (n.)",
   "roaster (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "roast多用于肉和蔬菜；烤面包、蛋糕通常用bake。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "roast"
 },
 {
  "w": "hero",
  "uk": "/ˈhɪərəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈhɪroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英雄；受敬佩的人",
    "en": "someone admired for courage, achievements, or good actions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男主角；男主人公",
    "en": "the main male character in a story"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The firefighter became a local hero after the rescue.",
    "zh": "那次救援后，这位消防员成了当地的英雄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Films often portray the hero as an exceptional individual, although real social progress usually requires collective effort.",
    "zh": "电影常把主人公塑造成非凡的个人，然而真正的社会进步通常需要集体努力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "national hero｜民族英雄",
   "local hero｜当地英雄",
   "unsung hero｜无名英雄",
   "action hero｜动作片男主角"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "heroic (adj.)",
   "heroism (n.)",
   "heroine (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为heroes；故事中的hero不一定品德高尚。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hero"
 },
 {
  "w": "chop",
  "uk": "/tʃɒp/",
  "us": "/tʃɑːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "切碎；砍；劈",
    "en": "To cut with repeated sharp blows using a blade"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "砍；劈",
    "en": "A sharp downward blow with a blade or hand"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "带骨肉排",
    "en": "A piece of meat cut with a bone attached"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please chop the carrots while I heat the soup.",
    "zh": "我来热汤，请你把胡萝卜切碎。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When communities chop down trees for fuel, they may unintentionally damage habitats and increase soil erosion.",
    "zh": "当社区居民砍树用作燃料时，他们可能无意中破坏栖息地，加剧水土流失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chop vegetables｜切蔬菜",
   "chop down trees｜砍倒树木",
   "chop wood｜劈柴",
   "lamb chop｜羊排"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chopper (n.)",
   "chopped (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cut"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式chopped，进行式chopping，均双写p。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chop"
 },
 {
  "w": "olive",
  "uk": "/ˈɒlɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːlɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "橄榄；油橄榄树",
    "en": "A small bitter fruit used for oil, or its tree"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "橄榄绿的；浅褐色的",
    "en": "Yellowish green in colour, or describing light brown skin"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She added a few olives to the fresh salad.",
    "zh": "她在新鲜沙拉里加了几颗橄榄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Olive cultivation supports rural livelihoods in dry regions, although prolonged drought can significantly reduce harvests.",
    "zh": "橄榄种植支撑着干旱地区农村居民的生计，但长期干旱会使收成大幅下降。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "olive oil｜橄榄油",
   "olive grove｜橄榄树林",
   "olive skin｜浅褐色皮肤"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "olive可指果实、树或颜色；olive oil通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "olive"
 },
 {
  "w": "sadness",
  "uk": "/ˈsædnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈsædnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "悲伤；难过",
    "en": "The feeling of being unhappy, especially after loss or disappointment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She felt a deep sadness when her friend moved away.",
    "zh": "朋友搬走时，她感到深深的难过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular social contact can help reduce feelings of sadness among older people who live alone.",
    "zh": "经常与人交往有助于减轻独居老年人的悲伤情绪。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deep sadness｜深切的悲伤",
   "a sense of sadness｜一种悲伤感",
   "overcome with sadness｜悲痛不已"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sad (adj.)",
   "sadly (adv.)",
   "sadden (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sorrow",
   "unhappiness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "happiness",
   "joy"
  ],
  "tip": "通常作不可数名词；a sense of sadness指一种悲伤感。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sadness"
 },
 {
  "w": "cab",
  "uk": "/kæb/",
  "us": "/kæb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "出租车",
    "en": "A car with a driver whom you pay for transport."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "驾驶室",
    "en": "The enclosed part of a vehicle where the driver sits."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared a cab home after the concert.",
    "zh": "音乐会结束后，我们合乘一辆出租车回家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable night buses could reduce reliance on cabs among workers whose shifts end after midnight.",
    "zh": "价格实惠的夜间公交车可以减少午夜后下班的工人对出租车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hail a cab｜招手叫出租车",
   "take a cab｜乘出租车",
   "cab fare｜出租车费",
   "a truck cab｜卡车驾驶室"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "taxi"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示出租车时与taxi同义；也可指卡车等的驾驶室。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cab"
 },
 {
  "w": "chapter",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃæptə/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃæptər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "章；回",
    "en": "one of the main sections of a book"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人生或历史的重要阶段",
    "en": "a distinct period in someone's life or in history"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组织的地方分会",
    "en": "a local branch of a larger organisation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I read one chapter before turning off the light.",
    "zh": "我读了一章才关灯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The final chapter examines how public transport investment can reduce inequality in rapidly growing cities.",
    "zh": "最后一章探讨公共交通投资如何减少快速发展城市中的不平等现象。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the opening chapter｜开篇章节",
   "a new chapter｜新的篇章",
   "a chapter in history｜历史上的一个阶段",
   "a local chapter｜地方分会"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "书的“章”用chapter；章内较小部分常用section。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chapter"
 },
 {
  "w": "update",
  "uk": "/ˌʌpˈdeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˌʌpˈdeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "更新；使掌握最新情况",
    "en": "to make something current or give someone the latest information"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "最新消息；更新",
    "en": "new information or a change that makes something more current"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please update your address before we send the parcel.",
    "zh": "请在我们寄出包裹前更新你的地址。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should regularly update environmental regulations to reflect scientific discoveries and respond to emerging risks.",
    "zh": "政府应定期更新环境法规，以反映科学发现并应对新出现的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "update software｜更新软件",
   "update someone on something｜告知某人某事的最新情况",
   "a software update｜软件更新",
   "regular updates｜定期更新"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "updated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词重音在后；名词重音在前，读/ˈʌpdeɪt/。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "update"
 },
 {
  "w": "concentrate",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnsntreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnsntreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "集中注意力",
    "en": "To give all your attention to a particular task."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "集中；聚集",
    "en": "To bring things together in one place or direct efforts there."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "浓缩物；浓缩液",
    "en": "A substance made stronger by removing water or other material."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I cannot concentrate with the television playing so loudly.",
    "zh": "电视声音这么大，我没法集中注意力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should concentrate resources on preventive healthcare to reduce pressure on hospitals in the long term.",
    "zh": "政府应将资源集中于预防性医疗，以长期减轻医院的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "concentrate on a task｜专注于任务",
   "concentrate resources on｜将资源集中于",
   "fruit juice concentrate｜浓缩果汁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "concentration (n.)",
   "concentrated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "focus"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "concentrate on后接名词或动名词，表示专注于。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "concentrate"
 },
 {
  "w": "gorgeous",
  "uk": "/ˈɡɔːdʒəs/",
  "us": "/ˈɡɔːrdʒəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "非常漂亮的；绚丽的",
    "en": "Extremely beautiful or attractive."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；令人愉快的",
    "en": "Very pleasant or enjoyable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The garden looks gorgeous in the early morning sunshine.",
    "zh": "花园在清晨的阳光下显得格外美丽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although coastal destinations offer gorgeous scenery, uncontrolled tourism can damage the natural environments that attract visitors.",
    "zh": "虽然海滨旅游地景色迷人，但不加控制的旅游活动会破坏吸引游客的自然环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gorgeous scenery｜迷人的风景",
   "gorgeous weather｜极好的天气",
   "look gorgeous｜看起来非常漂亮"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gorgeously (adv.)",
   "gorgeousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "beautiful",
   "stunning"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ugly"
  ],
  "tip": "语气比beautiful强，多用于口语中的赞美。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gorgeous"
 },
 {
  "w": "glance",
  "uk": "/ɡlɑːns/",
  "us": "/ɡlæns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "瞥一眼；匆匆看",
    "en": "To look at someone or something very briefly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一瞥；匆匆一看",
    "en": "A quick, brief look at someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She glanced out of the window before opening the door.",
    "zh": "她开门前往窗外瞥了一眼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Commuters often glance at their phones while walking, which can reduce their awareness of nearby traffic.",
    "zh": "通勤者常在走路时瞥看手机，这可能降低他们对周围交通状况的警觉性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "glance at｜瞥一眼",
   "take a glance｜看一眼",
   "at first glance｜乍一看",
   "exchange glances｜交换眼色"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "glance at是短暂一瞥；stare at是盯着看。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glance"
 },
 {
  "w": "embarrass",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈbærəs/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈbærəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使尴尬；使窘迫",
    "en": "To make someone feel awkward, ashamed, or uncomfortable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't embarrass me by sharing that childhood photo.",
    "zh": "请别把那张童年照片给别人看，让我难为情。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Correcting every mistake publicly can embarrass language learners and discourage them from participating in classroom discussions.",
    "zh": "公开纠正每一个错误会让语言学习者感到尴尬，并使他们不愿参与课堂讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "embarrass someone｜使某人尴尬",
   "deeply embarrassed｜十分窘迫",
   "an embarrassing moment｜尴尬的时刻"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "embarrassed (adj.)",
   "embarrassing (adj.)",
   "embarrassment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "人感到尴尬用embarrassed；事情令人尴尬用embarrassing。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "embarrass"
 },
 {
  "w": "tube",
  "uk": "/tjuːb/",
  "us": "/tuːb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "管；管子",
    "en": "a long, hollow object that carries liquids or gases"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "软管容器",
    "en": "a soft container squeezed to release paste or cream"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "伦敦地铁",
    "en": "the underground railway system in London"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Water flowed through a clear tube into the tank.",
    "zh": "水通过一根透明管子流进了水箱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Taking the tube instead of driving can help commuters avoid congestion in central London.",
    "zh": "乘地铁而不是开车可以帮助通勤者避开伦敦市中心的交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tube of toothpaste｜一管牙膏",
   "a plastic tube｜一根塑料管",
   "take the tube｜乘伦敦地铁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tubular (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "the tube特指伦敦地铁；一管牙膏用a tube of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tube"
 },
 {
  "w": "vehicle",
  "uk": "/ˈviːəkl/",
  "us": "/ˈviːəkl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "车辆；交通工具",
    "en": "A machine used to transport people or goods."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "媒介；表达工具",
    "en": "Something used to communicate ideas or achieve a purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We left our vehicle outside the small mountain hotel.",
    "zh": "我们把车停在了山间小旅馆外面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Electric vehicles can reduce urban air pollution, especially when their electricity comes from renewable sources.",
    "zh": "电动车可以减少城市空气污染，尤其是在使用可再生能源发电时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "electric vehicle｜电动车",
   "commercial vehicle｜商用车",
   "a vehicle for change｜推动变革的工具"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vehicular (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指交通工具时是可数名词，不仅指汽车。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vehicle"
 },
 {
  "w": "environmental",
  "uk": "/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentəl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自然环境的；环保的",
    "en": "relating to nature or efforts to protect it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "周围环境的",
    "en": "relating to the surroundings in which people or organisms live"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our school organised an environmental project to clean the river.",
    "zh": "我们学校组织了一项清理河流的环保活动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should consider the environmental impact of new roads before approving major construction projects.",
    "zh": "政府在批准大型建设项目之前，应考虑新道路对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "environmental protection｜环境保护",
   "environmental impact｜环境影响",
   "environmental factors｜环境因素",
   "environmental damage｜环境破坏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "environment (n.)",
   "environmentally (adv.)",
   "environmentalist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "environmental是形容词，环境本身用environment。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "environmental"
 },
 {
  "w": "starfish",
  "uk": "/ˈstɑːfɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈstɑːrfɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海星",
    "en": "A sea animal with a central body and usually five arms."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spotted an orange starfish in a shallow rock pool.",
    "zh": "我们在一个浅浅的岩石潮池里发现了一只橙色海星。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Changes in ocean temperature can affect starfish populations and disrupt the balance of coastal ecosystems.",
    "zh": "海水温度变化会影响海星种群，并扰乱沿海生态系统的平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a rock pool starfish｜岩石潮池里的海星",
   "starfish populations｜海星种群",
   "a starfish arm｜海星的腕"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "sea star"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单复数通常同形；海星是无脊椎动物，不是鱼类。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "starfish"
 },
 {
  "w": "incredible",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkredəbl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈkredəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "难以置信的",
    "en": "So surprising that it is difficult to believe"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；极大的",
    "en": "Extremely good, impressive, or great in amount"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It seems incredible that this tiny seed becomes a tree.",
    "zh": "这粒小小的种子竟能长成大树，真令人难以置信。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in medical technology have brought incredible improvements in the quality of life for many patients.",
    "zh": "医疗技术的进步使许多患者的生活质量得到了惊人的改善。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an incredible achievement｜惊人的成就",
   "an incredible amount｜极大的数量",
   "find it incredible｜觉得难以置信"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "incredibly (adv.)",
   "credible (adj.)",
   "credibility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unbelievable",
   "amazing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "credible"
  ],
  "tip": "incredible可表难以置信，也可口语赞叹“极好”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "incredible"
 },
 {
  "w": "ladder",
  "uk": "/ˈlædə/",
  "us": "/ˈlædər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "梯子",
    "en": "Equipment with steps for climbing up or down"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "晋升阶梯；等级体系",
    "en": "A series of levels through which someone can progress"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She climbed the ladder to pick apples from the tree.",
    "zh": "她爬上梯子，摘树上的苹果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to professional training can help young employees move up the career ladder more quickly.",
    "zh": "获得专业培训的机会可以帮助年轻员工更快地晋升。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "climb a ladder｜爬梯子",
   "career ladder｜职业晋升阶梯",
   "property ladder｜住房置业阶梯"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ladder是可移动的梯子；stairs指建筑内楼梯。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ladder"
 },
 {
  "w": "responsibility",
  "uk": "/rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/",
  "us": "/rɪˌspɑːnsəˈbɪləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "责任；负责",
    "en": "The duty to manage something or answer for its results."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "职责；应尽的义务",
    "en": "A task or duty that you are expected to handle."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Feeding the dog is your responsibility this weekend.",
    "zh": "这个周末喂狗是你的责任。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments and businesses share responsibility for reducing waste, but individuals also have an important role to play.",
    "zh": "政府和企业共同承担减少废物的责任，但个人也发挥着重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take responsibility for｜对……负责",
   "a sense of responsibility｜责任感",
   "accept responsibility｜承担责任",
   "share responsibility｜共同承担责任"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "responsible (adj.)",
   "responsibly (adv.)",
   "irresponsible (adj.)",
   "irresponsibility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "duty",
   "obligation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指责任常不可数；具体职责可数；后常接for。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "responsibility"
 },
 {
  "w": "electrician",
  "uk": "/ɪˌlekˈtrɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪˌlekˈtrɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电工；电气技师",
    "en": "Someone trained to install and repair electrical systems."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The electrician fixed the broken light in our kitchen.",
    "zh": "电工修好了我们厨房里坏掉的灯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Training more qualified electricians is essential as households increasingly adopt solar panels and electric vehicle charging equipment.",
    "zh": "随着越来越多家庭安装太阳能板和电动汽车充电设备，培养更多合格电工至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "qualified electrician｜合格电工",
   "apprentice electrician｜电工学徒",
   "call an electrician｜请电工"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "electric (adj.)",
   "electrical (adj.)",
   "electricity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "electrician指电工；电气工程师是electrical engineer。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "electrician"
 },
 {
  "w": "destination",
  "uk": "/ˌdestɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdestɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "目的地；终点",
    "en": "the place someone or something is travelling to"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We finally reached our destination just before sunset.",
    "zh": "我们终于在日落前抵达了目的地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Popular tourist destinations must balance economic benefits with the need to protect local communities and natural environments.",
    "zh": "热门旅游目的地必须在经济收益与保护当地社区和自然环境的需要之间取得平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reach your destination｜抵达目的地",
   "tourist destination｜旅游目的地",
   "final destination｜最终目的地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "reach a destination不加to；arrive at后接目的地。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "destination"
 },
 {
  "w": "shiny",
  "uk": "/ˈʃaɪni/",
  "us": "/ˈʃaɪni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有光泽的；发亮的",
    "en": "Having a smooth surface that reflects light."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She polished her shoes until they looked shiny.",
    "zh": "她把鞋擦得亮亮的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shiny packaging may attract consumers, but it often creates waste that is difficult to recycle.",
    "zh": "亮丽的包装可能吸引消费者，但往往会产生难以回收的废弃物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shiny shoes｜锃亮的鞋",
   "shiny surface｜光亮的表面",
   "shiny hair｜有光泽的头发"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shine (v.)",
   "shininess (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "glossy",
   "gleaming"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dull"
  ],
  "tip": "指表面反光，不等于物体本身发光。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shiny"
 },
 {
  "w": "giant",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒaɪənt/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒaɪənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巨大的",
    "en": "Much larger than usual"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "巨人",
    "en": "An imaginary person of enormous size"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大企业；杰出人物",
    "en": "A very large company or an exceptionally important person"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A giant pumpkin filled almost the entire garden cart.",
    "zh": "一个巨大的南瓜几乎占满了整辆园艺推车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Technology giants have considerable influence over how people access information and communicate with one another.",
    "zh": "科技巨头对人们获取信息和相互交流的方式有很大影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a giant leap｜巨大的飞跃",
   "a giant screen｜巨型屏幕",
   "a technology giant｜科技巨头"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gigantic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "huge",
   "enormous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tiny"
  ],
  "tip": "作形容词通常放名词前；作名词可指行业巨头。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "giant"
 },
 {
  "w": "unit",
  "uk": "/ˈjuːnɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈjuːnɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "单位；单元",
    "en": "a single part or quantity within a larger whole"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "装置；组件",
    "en": "a device or separate part of a machine"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "部门；小组；部队",
    "en": "a group organised for a particular task"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We finished the first unit before our lunch break.",
    "zh": "我们在午休前学完了第一个单元。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each unit of the course introduces practical skills that students can apply in the workplace.",
    "zh": "这门课程的每个单元都介绍学生可以在工作中运用的实用技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a unit of measurement｜计量单位",
   "a family unit｜家庭单位",
   "an air-conditioning unit｜空调装置",
   "an intensive care unit｜重症监护病房"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示计量单位时常用a unit of，后接所计量的事物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unit"
 },
 {
  "w": "scream",
  "uk": "/skriːm/",
  "us": "/skriːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "尖叫；尖声喊叫",
    "en": "To give a loud, high cry from strong emotion."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尖叫声",
    "en": "A loud, high cry expressing fear, pain, or excitement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children screamed with excitement as the ride began.",
    "zh": "游乐设施一启动，孩子们就兴奋地尖叫起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents complain that visitors scream late at night, disturbing sleep and reducing the neighbourhood's quality of life.",
    "zh": "居民抱怨游客深夜尖叫，扰人睡眠，降低了社区的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scream with excitement｜兴奋地尖叫",
   "scream for help｜尖声呼救",
   "let out a scream｜发出一声尖叫"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "shriek"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "scream强调声音尖厉；shout只强调喊得响。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scream"
 },
 {
  "w": "powerful",
  "uk": "/ˈpaʊəfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpaʊərfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "强有力的；动力强的",
    "en": "Having great physical strength or producing a strong effect."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有权势的；影响力大的",
    "en": "Able to control people or strongly influence events."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The powerful wind blew our garden chairs onto the grass.",
    "zh": "大风把我们的花园椅子吹到了草地上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Powerful companies should take greater responsibility for reducing the environmental damage caused by their operations.",
    "zh": "有影响力的企业应承担更大责任，减少其经营活动造成的环境破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "powerful engine｜动力强劲的发动机",
   "powerful influence｜强大的影响力",
   "powerful argument｜有说服力的论据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "power (n.)",
   "powerfully (adv.)",
   "powerless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "strong",
   "influential"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "weak",
   "powerless"
  ],
  "tip": "通常作形容词；副词用powerfully，不用powerful。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "powerful"
 },
 {
  "w": "poetry",
  "uk": "/ˈpəʊətri/",
  "us": "/ˈpoʊətri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诗歌；诗歌艺术",
    "en": "Literature using carefully arranged language, rhythm, and imagery."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诗意；诗一般的美",
    "en": "Beauty or emotional power resembling that of poems."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She reads poetry aloud while her tea cools.",
    "zh": "她一边等茶凉下来，一边朗读诗歌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying poetry encourages students to explore complex emotions and appreciate the expressive possibilities of language.",
    "zh": "学习诗歌能鼓励学生探索复杂情感，并欣赏语言丰富的表达潜力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write poetry｜写诗",
   "poetry collection｜诗集",
   "poetry reading｜诗歌朗诵会",
   "modern poetry｜现代诗歌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "poem (n.)",
   "poet (n.)",
   "poetic (adj.)",
   "poetically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "verse"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "prose"
  ],
  "tip": "poetry不可数；一首诗用a poem，不用a poetry。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "poetry"
 },
 {
  "w": "foolish",
  "uk": "/ˈfuːlɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈfuːlɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "愚蠢的；不明智的",
    "en": "Showing poor judgement or a lack of good sense."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was foolish to leave my umbrella at home.",
    "zh": "把伞留在家里真是不明智。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It would be foolish to expand road networks without considering their long-term effects on air quality.",
    "zh": "不考虑道路扩张对空气质量的长期影响就扩大路网，是不明智的。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a foolish mistake｜愚蠢的错误",
   "feel foolish｜觉得自己很傻",
   "foolish to assume｜贸然假定是不明智的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fool (n.)",
   "foolishly (adv.)",
   "foolishness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "silly",
   "unwise"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "wise",
   "sensible"
  ],
  "tip": "常用It is foolish to do表示做某事不明智。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "foolish"
 },
 {
  "w": "measure",
  "uk": "/ˈmeʒə/",
  "us": "/ˈmeʒər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "测量；衡量",
    "en": "Find the size, amount, or degree of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "措施；办法",
    "en": "An action intended to achieve a particular result."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "衡量标准",
    "en": "A way of judging the quality or degree of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We measured the window before buying new curtains.",
    "zh": "我们买新窗帘前量了窗户的尺寸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should introduce effective measures to reduce air pollution without placing excessive costs on low-income households.",
    "zh": "政府应采取有效措施减少空气污染，同时避免让低收入家庭承担过高费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "measure progress｜衡量进展",
   "take measures to do something｜采取措施做某事",
   "a measure of success｜衡量成功的标准"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "measurement (n.)",
   "measurable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "采取措施用 take measures；测量某物直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "measure"
 },
 {
  "w": "hanger",
  "uk": "/ˈhæŋə/",
  "us": "/ˈhæŋər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "衣架",
    "en": "A shaped frame used to hang clothes."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She put her jacket on a wooden hanger.",
    "zh": "她把夹克挂在一个木衣架上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Retailers can reduce plastic waste by collecting used hangers and replacing damaged ones with recyclable alternatives.",
    "zh": "零售商可以回收旧衣架，并用可回收的替代品更换损坏的衣架，从而减少塑料垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "coat hanger｜衣架",
   "wooden hanger｜木衣架",
   "wire hanger｜金属丝衣架"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hang (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "coat hanger"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hanger是衣架；hangar是飞机库，注意拼写。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hanger"
 },
 {
  "w": "jewel",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒuːəl/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒuːəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宝石；宝石饰物",
    "en": "A valuable stone, often used in decorative personal objects."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "珍贵的人或物",
    "en": "Someone or something especially valuable, beautiful, or admired."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A blue jewel sparkled on her silver necklace.",
    "zh": "她银项链上的一颗蓝色宝石闪闪发光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The restored theatre is a cultural jewel that attracts visitors and supports local businesses.",
    "zh": "修复后的剧院是一颗文化明珠，吸引着游客，也带动了当地商业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "precious jewel｜珍贵宝石",
   "a jewel in the crown｜最耀眼的成就或珍宝"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jeweller (n.)",
   "jewellery (n.)",
   "jewelled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gem"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "jewel可数；jewellery指珠宝总称，不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jewel"
 },
 {
  "w": "image",
  "uk": "/ˈɪmɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈɪmɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "图像；影像",
    "en": "A picture or visual representation of someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公众形象",
    "en": "The impression that people have of a person or organization."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脑海中的形象",
    "en": "A picture of someone or something formed in your mind."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The camera captured a sharp image of the bird.",
    "zh": "相机拍下了那只鸟的清晰影像。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies increasingly use social media to improve their public image and build stronger relationships with customers.",
    "zh": "企业越来越多地利用社交媒体改善公众形象，并加强与客户的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "digital image｜数字图像",
   "public image｜公众形象",
   "mental image｜脑海中的形象",
   "high-resolution image｜高分辨率图像"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "imagery (n.)",
   "imaging (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "picture"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指具体图像，也可指个人或机构的公众形象。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "image"
 },
 {
  "w": "monster",
  "uk": "/ˈmɒnstə/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːnstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "怪物；怪兽",
    "en": "an imaginary creature that is large, strange, or frightening"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "残忍的人",
    "en": "a person who behaves in an extremely cruel way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巨大的",
    "en": "extremely large in size or amount"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The friendly monster in the cartoon has purple feet.",
    "zh": "动画片里那只友善的怪物长着紫色的脚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stories about monsters can help children explore their fears within a safe and imaginative setting.",
    "zh": "有关怪物的故事可以帮助儿童在安全且富有想象力的情境中探索自己的恐惧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sea monster｜海怪",
   "a monster truck｜巨轮卡车",
   "a fictional monster｜虚构的怪物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "monstrous (adj.)",
   "monstrously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词用法较口语化，置于名词前表示巨大。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "monster"
 },
 {
  "w": "target",
  "uk": "/ˈtɑːɡɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈtɑːrɡɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "目标；指标",
    "en": "A result or level that someone aims to achieve."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "靶子；攻击对象",
    "en": "A person or thing aimed at or attacked."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "以……为目标；面向",
    "en": "To direct actions or attention towards a particular person or group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My savings target is enough for a new bicycle.",
    "zh": "我的储蓄目标是攒够买一辆新自行车的钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should set realistic targets for reducing emissions and regularly assess progress towards achieving them.",
    "zh": "政府应制定切实可行的减排目标，并定期评估实现目标的进展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "meet a target｜达到目标",
   "set a target｜设定目标",
   "target audience｜目标受众",
   "target vulnerable groups｜针对弱势群体"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "targeted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "goal",
   "aim"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示达成目标用meet或reach a target。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "target"
 },
 {
  "w": "fluent",
  "uk": "/ˈfluːənt/",
  "us": "/ˈfluːənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "流利的；表达流畅的",
    "en": "Able to speak or write a language easily and smoothly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She became fluent in Spanish after living abroad.",
    "zh": "在国外生活后，她能流利地说西班牙语了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fluent speakers may still make grammatical mistakes, so language assessments should consider both communication skills and accuracy.",
    "zh": "说话流利的人仍可能犯语法错误，因此语言测评应同时考虑沟通能力和准确性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fluent in English｜英语流利",
   "a fluent speaker｜表达流利的人",
   "fluent speech｜流畅的讲话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fluency (n.)",
   "fluently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "halting"
  ],
  "tip": "说某种语言流利用be fluent in；流利不等于零错误。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fluent"
 },
 {
  "w": "rub",
  "uk": "/rʌb/",
  "us": "/rʌb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "擦；揉；摩擦",
    "en": "Move against a surface with pressure, often repeatedly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "擦；揉",
    "en": "An act of pressing and moving against a surface."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She rubbed her cold hands together beside the heater.",
    "zh": "她在暖气旁搓着冰冷的双手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protective gloves prevent workers from rubbing their skin against rough surfaces when handling heavy materials.",
    "zh": "搬运重物时，防护手套可以避免工人的皮肤与粗糙表面摩擦。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rub your eyes｜揉眼睛",
   "rub your hands together｜搓手",
   "rub against｜与……摩擦",
   "give something a rub｜擦一擦某物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rubbing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式rubbed、现在分词rubbing均双写b。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rub"
 },
 {
  "w": "lighthouse",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪthaʊs/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪthaʊs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灯塔",
    "en": "A coastal tower with a powerful light that guides ships."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lighthouse beam swept across the dark sea.",
    "zh": "灯塔的光束扫过漆黑的海面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although modern navigation relies on satellites, lighthouses remain valuable landmarks along dangerous stretches of coastline.",
    "zh": "尽管现代导航依赖卫星，灯塔在危险海岸地段仍是重要的地标。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lighthouse keeper｜灯塔看守人",
   "lighthouse beam｜灯塔光束",
   "historic lighthouse｜历史悠久的灯塔"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，复数直接加s：lighthouses。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lighthouse"
 },
 {
  "w": "response",
  "uk": "/rɪˈspɒns/",
  "us": "/rɪˈspɑːns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "回答；答复",
    "en": "Something said or written as an answer."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "反应；响应",
    "en": "An action or change caused by an event or situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I sent an invitation but haven't received a response yet.",
    "zh": "我发出了邀请，但还没有收到答复。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A rapid response to disease outbreaks can protect vulnerable communities and reduce pressure on local hospitals.",
    "zh": "迅速应对疾病暴发能够保护脆弱群体，并减轻当地医院的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a response to｜对……的回应",
   "in response to｜作为对……的回应",
   "a rapid response｜迅速反应",
   "receive a response｜收到答复"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "respond (v.)",
   "responsive (adj.)",
   "responsiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reply",
   "answer",
   "reaction"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "response后通常接to，不接of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "response"
 },
 {
  "w": "solar",
  "uk": "/ˈsəʊlə/",
  "us": "/ˈsoʊlər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "太阳的",
    "en": "Relating to the sun."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "利用太阳能的",
    "en": "Using energy from sunlight to produce heat or electricity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We wore special protective glasses to watch the solar eclipse.",
    "zh": "我们戴着专用防护眼镜观看日食。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in solar energy can reduce dependence on fossil fuels and create jobs in rural communities.",
    "zh": "投资太阳能可以减少对化石燃料的依赖，并为农村社区创造就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "solar energy｜太阳能",
   "solar panels｜太阳能板",
   "the solar system｜太阳系",
   "a solar eclipse｜日食"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "solar是形容词，常用于太阳或太阳能相关搭配。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "solar"
 },
 {
  "w": "access",
  "uk": "/ˈækses/",
  "us": "/ˈækses/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "使用机会；进入权",
    "en": "The opportunity or right to enter or use something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "入口；通道",
    "en": "A way of reaching or entering a place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "访问；获取；进入",
    "en": "Reach, enter, or obtain something, especially information on a computer."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Guests have access to the pool until sunset.",
    "zh": "客人在日落前都可以使用游泳池。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable internet access enables rural students to benefit from a wider range of educational resources.",
    "zh": "价格可负担的互联网接入能让农村学生受益于更丰富的教育资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "access to education｜受教育的机会",
   "internet access｜互联网接入",
   "gain access to｜获得使用或进入的机会",
   "access information｜获取信息"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accessible (adj.)",
   "inaccessible (adj.)",
   "accessibility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词后接to；动词直接接宾语，不加to。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "access"
 },
 {
  "w": "unlike",
  "uk": "/ˌʌnˈlaɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌʌnˈlaɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "与……不同；不像",
    "en": "different from someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "非……一贯的表现",
    "en": "not typical of someone's usual behaviour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Unlike her brother, Lina enjoys getting up early.",
    "zh": "莉娜和她哥哥不同，她喜欢早起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unlike private cars, public transport can move large groups of people while using relatively little road space.",
    "zh": "与私家车不同，公共交通能在占用较少道路空间的同时运送大量乘客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unlike most people｜与大多数人不同",
   "quite unlike｜与……很不一样",
   "unlike anything else｜与其他任何事物都不同",
   "it's unlike someone to｜做某事不像某人的一贯作风"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "like (prep.)",
   "likeness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "different from"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "like"
  ],
  "tip": "unlike后接名词或代词；不要直接接完整句子。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unlike"
 },
 {
  "w": "argument",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːɡjəmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːrɡjəmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "争论；争吵",
    "en": "An angry disagreement between people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "论点；论据",
    "en": "A reason or set of reasons supporting an opinion."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had an argument about whose turn it was.",
    "zh": "我们为该轮到谁而争吵了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The strongest argument for public transport investment is its potential to reduce urban air pollution.",
    "zh": "支持投资公共交通最有力的论据是，它有望减少城市空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have an argument｜发生争吵",
   "a convincing argument｜有说服力的论据",
   "an argument for｜支持……的论据",
   "an argument against｜反对……的论据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "argue (v.)",
   "argumentative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "争吵常接with或about；支持某观点用argument for。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "argument"
 },
 {
  "w": "ashamed",
  "uk": "/əˈʃeɪmd/",
  "us": "/əˈʃeɪmd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "羞愧的；内疚的",
    "en": "feeling guilty or embarrassed about something wrong or disappointing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "因难堪而不愿意的",
    "en": "unwilling to do something because it feels embarrassing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt ashamed after laughing at my friend's mistake.",
    "zh": "嘲笑朋友的错误后，我感到很羞愧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should never feel ashamed to ask for help when they struggle with difficult subjects.",
    "zh": "学生在学习较难的科目遇到困难时，绝不应因求助而感到难堪。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel ashamed｜感到羞愧",
   "ashamed of yourself｜为自己感到羞愧",
   "ashamed to admit｜羞于承认"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shame (n.)",
   "shameful (adj.)",
   "shameless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "proud"
  ],
  "tip": "常作表语：be ashamed of或be ashamed to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ashamed"
 },
 {
  "w": "income",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnkʌm/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnkʌm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "收入；收益",
    "en": "Money received regularly from work, investments, or other sources."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My weekend job gives me a small extra income.",
    "zh": "我的周末兼职给我带来一小笔额外收入。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable public transport allows families on low incomes to access employment and essential services more easily.",
    "zh": "价格实惠的公共交通让低收入家庭更容易获得就业机会和基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "low income｜低收入",
   "household income｜家庭收入",
   "disposable income｜可支配收入",
   "source of income｜收入来源"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "earnings"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "income范围比salary广，也包括租金、投资收益。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "income"
 },
 {
  "w": "outdoors",
  "uk": "/ˌaʊtˈdɔːz/",
  "us": "/ˌaʊtˈdɔːrz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在户外；向户外",
    "en": "outside a building, in the open air"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "野外；户外环境",
    "en": "the natural world away from buildings"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The weather is warm enough to eat outdoors tonight.",
    "zh": "今晚天气够暖和，可以在户外吃饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Spending time outdoors can improve children's wellbeing and encourage greater interest in protecting the natural environment.",
    "zh": "在户外活动能改善儿童的身心健康，并增强他们保护自然环境的兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spend time outdoors｜在户外活动",
   "eat outdoors｜在户外吃饭",
   "the great outdoors｜大自然"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "outdoor (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "outside"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "indoors"
  ],
  "tip": "outdoors是副词；修饰名词用outdoor，如outdoor activities。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outdoors"
 },
 {
  "w": "favour",
  "uk": "/ˈfeɪvə/",
  "us": "/ˈfeɪvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "帮忙；善意的举动",
    "en": "Something helpful you do for someone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赞同；偏爱",
    "en": "Approval, support, or preference shown towards someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "偏爱；支持；有利于",
    "en": "To prefer, support, or give an advantage to someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you do me a favour and water my plants?",
    "zh": "你能帮我一个忙，给我的植物浇浇水吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many residents favour investment in public transport because it can reduce congestion and improve air quality.",
    "zh": "许多居民支持投资公共交通，因为这有助于缓解拥堵并改善空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "do someone a favour｜帮某人一个忙",
   "in favour of｜支持；赞成",
   "return the favour｜回报帮助",
   "favour one option over another｜更倾向于某个选项"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "favourable (adj.)",
   "favourably (adv.)",
   "favourite (adj.)",
   "favouritism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写为favour，美式为favor；帮忙用do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "favour"
 },
 {
  "w": "nightmare",
  "uk": "/ˈnaɪtmeə/",
  "us": "/ˈnaɪtmer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "噩梦",
    "en": "a frightening or deeply unpleasant dream"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "极其糟糕的经历",
    "en": "an experience or situation that is extremely unpleasant or difficult"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I woke from a nightmare and switched on the lamp.",
    "zh": "我从噩梦中惊醒，打开了灯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without reliable public transport, commuting can become a nightmare for people living outside major cities.",
    "zh": "如果没有可靠的公共交通，通勤对住在大城市外围的人来说可能十分煎熬。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have a nightmare｜做噩梦",
   "recurring nightmare｜反复出现的噩梦",
   "logistical nightmare｜组织协调上的大难题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nightmarish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bad dream"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常作可数名词；形容词形式为nightmarish。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nightmare"
 },
 {
  "w": "underwear",
  "uk": "/ˈʌndəweə/",
  "us": "/ˈʌndərwer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "内衣；贴身衣物",
    "en": "Clothes worn next to the skin beneath other clothes."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I packed clean underwear in my travel bag.",
    "zh": "我把干净的内衣装进了旅行包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers increasingly prefer underwear made from breathable fabrics, encouraging manufacturers to improve comfort and durability.",
    "zh": "消费者越来越偏爱透气面料制成的内衣，这促使制造商提升舒适度和耐用性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cotton underwear｜棉质内衣",
   "thermal underwear｜保暖内衣",
   "a change of underwear｜一套替换内衣"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "undergarments"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词，不说an underwear或underwears。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "underwear"
 },
 {
  "w": "queue",
  "uk": "/kjuː/",
  "us": "/kjuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "等候的队伍",
    "en": "A line of people or vehicles waiting for something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "排队等候",
    "en": "To wait in a line for your turn."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We joined the queue outside the bakery this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上我们加入了面包店外的队伍。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved ticketing systems can reduce the time passengers spend waiting in a queue at busy stations.",
    "zh": "改进售票系统可以减少乘客在繁忙车站排队等候的时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "join the queue｜加入队伍",
   "queue for tickets｜排队买票",
   "jump the queue｜插队",
   "a long queue｜长队"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "queuing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "line"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常用queue，美式常用line；queue for后接所等之物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "queue"
 },
 {
  "w": "berry",
  "uk": "/ˈberi/",
  "us": "/ˈberi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "浆果；莓果",
    "en": "a small, usually round fruit, often growing in clusters"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She dropped a ripe berry into her bowl of yoghurt.",
    "zh": "她把一颗熟透的莓果放进酸奶碗里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting native shrubs ensures that birds have access to berries and other food sources throughout the year.",
    "zh": "保护本地灌木可以确保鸟类全年都能获取浆果及其他食物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wild berries｜野生浆果",
   "ripe berries｜成熟的浆果",
   "pick berries｜采摘浆果"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为berries；日常用法与植物学定义有差异。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "berry"
 },
 {
  "w": "lighter",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "打火机；点火器",
    "en": "A small device that produces a flame to light things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dad used a long lighter to light the candle.",
    "zh": "爸爸用长柄点火器点燃了蜡烛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A refillable lighter may produce less plastic waste than disposable alternatives when used over a long period.",
    "zh": "长期使用时，可补充燃料的打火机可能比一次性产品产生更少的塑料垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a refillable lighter｜可充气或加油的打火机",
   "a disposable lighter｜一次性打火机",
   "a gas lighter｜燃气打火机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "light (v.)",
   "lighting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词指打火机；也可为light的比较级，意为更轻的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lighter"
 },
 {
  "w": "branch",
  "uk": "/brɑːntʃ/",
  "us": "/bræntʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "树枝",
    "en": "a woody part growing from a tree's trunk"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分店；分支机构；分支",
    "en": "a local office or division of a larger organization or subject"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分岔；分支",
    "en": "to divide into separate routes or parts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small bird landed on the lowest branch.",
    "zh": "一只小鸟落在了最低的树枝上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Opening a local branch allows banks to provide essential services to communities with limited internet access.",
    "zh": "开设当地分行能让银行为互联网接入有限的社区提供必要服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tree branch｜树枝",
   "local branch｜当地分支机构",
   "a branch of science｜科学的一个分支",
   "branch out into｜拓展到"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "branching (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "branch既指树枝，也指机构或学科的分支。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "branch"
 },
 {
  "w": "nest",
  "uk": "/nest/",
  "us": "/nest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鸟巢；窝",
    "en": "A structure animals build to hold eggs or raise their young."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "筑巢；在巢中栖居",
    "en": "Build or occupy a nest."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small bird carried twigs to its nest.",
    "zh": "一只小鸟把细树枝衔回巢里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting trees where rare birds nest is essential for maintaining biodiversity in areas affected by urban development.",
    "zh": "在受城市开发影响的地区，保护珍稀鸟类筑巢的树木对维持生物多样性至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "build a nest｜筑巢",
   "a bird's nest｜鸟巢",
   "nesting site｜筑巢地点",
   "nesting season｜繁殖筑巢季"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nestling (n.)",
   "nesting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nest既可作名词鸟巢，也可作动词筑巢。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nest"
 },
 {
  "w": "decrease",
  "uk": "/dɪˈkriːs/",
  "us": "/dɪˈkriːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "减少；降低",
    "en": "To become smaller or make something smaller in amount."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "减少；减少量",
    "en": "A reduction in the size, number, or amount of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our electricity bills decreased after we replaced the old heater.",
    "zh": "我们换掉旧取暖器后，电费减少了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved public transport could decrease traffic congestion and reduce air pollution in densely populated cities.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通可以缓解人口密集城市的交通拥堵，并减少空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a decrease in demand｜需求下降",
   "decrease significantly｜显著减少",
   "decrease by half｜减少一半",
   "a steady decrease｜持续下降"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "decreasing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "decline",
   "reduce"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "increase"
  ],
  "tip": "动词重音在后，名词/ˈdiːkriːs/重音在前。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "decrease"
 },
 {
  "w": "comment",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒment/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːment/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "评论；意见",
    "en": "something said or written to express an opinion or observation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "评论；发表意见",
    "en": "to express an opinion or observation about something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her kind comment about my painting made me smile.",
    "zh": "她对我画作的友善评价让我笑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents should have opportunities to comment on development proposals before local authorities make final decisions.",
    "zh": "地方政府作出最终决定前，居民应有机会对开发提案发表意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a comment｜发表评论",
   "comment on something｜评论某事",
   "constructive comments｜建设性意见",
   "no comment｜无可奉告"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "commentary (n.)",
   "commentator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "remark"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词comment后接on再接评论对象，不直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "comment"
 },
 {
  "w": "soil",
  "uk": "/sɔɪl/",
  "us": "/sɔɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "土壤",
    "en": "The earth in which plants grow."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弄脏",
    "en": "To make something dirty."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She filled the pot with soil and planted seeds.",
    "zh": "她往花盆里填了土，然后种下种子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Intensive farming can damage soil quality, reducing the land's ability to support crops over time.",
    "zh": "集约化农业可能损害土壤质量，逐渐降低土地种植作物的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fertile soil｜肥沃的土壤",
   "soil erosion｜水土流失",
   "soil quality｜土壤质量",
   "soil your clothes｜弄脏衣服"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "soiled (adj.)",
   "soilless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "土壤一般不可数；不同土质可用复数soils。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "soil"
 },
 {
  "w": "risk",
  "uk": "/rɪsk/",
  "us": "/rɪsk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "风险；危险",
    "en": "the possibility that something harmful or unpleasant will happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "冒…的风险",
    "en": "do something despite the possibility of harm or loss"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Wear sturdy shoes to reduce the risk of slipping.",
    "zh": "穿结实的鞋子可以降低滑倒的风险。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should assess the risk of flooding before approving new housing developments near rivers.",
    "zh": "政府在批准河流附近的新住宅开发项目之前，应评估洪水风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a risk｜冒险",
   "at risk｜处于危险中",
   "risk doing something｜冒险做某事",
   "reduce the risk｜降低风险"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "risky (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "danger"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "safety"
  ],
  "tip": "risk后接名词或动名词，不接to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "risk"
 },
 {
  "w": "handsome",
  "uk": "/ˈhænsəm/",
  "us": "/ˈhænsəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "英俊的",
    "en": "Attractive in appearance, especially describing a man."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可观的；丰厚的",
    "en": "Large and impressive in amount."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother looks handsome in his new blue jacket.",
    "zh": "我哥哥穿着新的蓝色夹克，看起来很英俊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies investing in renewable energy may earn handsome profits as demand for cleaner alternatives continues to grow.",
    "zh": "随着对更清洁替代能源的需求持续增长，投资可再生能源的企业可能获得丰厚利润。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "handsome man｜英俊的男子",
   "handsome profit｜丰厚的利润",
   "handsome reward｜丰厚的报酬"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "handsomely (adv.)",
   "handsomeness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "good-looking",
   "attractive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unattractive"
  ],
  "tip": "常形容男子英俊；形容利润或报酬时意为丰厚的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "handsome"
 },
 {
  "w": "schedule",
  "uk": "/ˈʃedjuːl/",
  "us": "/ˈskedʒuːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "日程表；进度安排",
    "en": "a plan showing when activities or events will happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "安排时间；预定",
    "en": "to arrange for something to happen at a particular time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My busy schedule leaves little time for cooking during weekdays.",
    "zh": "工作日里，我繁忙的日程几乎不给做饭留下时间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should schedule examinations carefully to give students sufficient time for revision and recovery between assessments.",
    "zh": "大学应合理安排考试，让学生在各项考核之间有足够的复习和休息时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a busy schedule｜繁忙的日程",
   "on schedule｜按计划时间",
   "ahead of schedule｜提前",
   "schedule a meeting｜安排会议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scheduled (adj.)",
   "scheduling (n.)",
   "reschedule (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "timetable"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英音开头通常为/ʃ/，美音为/sk/；on schedule指准时。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "schedule"
 },
 {
  "w": "error",
  "uk": "/ˈerə/",
  "us": "/ˈerər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "错误；差错",
    "en": "something incorrect in an action, calculation, or judgement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "误差",
    "en": "the difference between a measured value and the true value"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An error in the booking left us without seats.",
    "zh": "预订出了差错，导致我们没有座位。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should check their calculations carefully, as a minor error can significantly affect the final conclusions.",
    "zh": "研究人员应仔细核查计算过程，因为一个小错误就可能显著影响最终结论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make an error｜犯错",
   "human error｜人为失误",
   "a margin of error｜误差范围",
   "trial and error｜反复试验"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "err (v.)",
   "erroneous (adj.)",
   "erroneously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mistake"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "error比mistake正式，常用于技术、计算或判断。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "error"
 },
 {
  "w": "tyre",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轮胎",
    "en": "A rubber covering around a wheel that touches the road."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stopped beside the road to change a flat tyre.",
    "zh": "我们在路边停下来，更换一个瘪了的轮胎。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recycling used tyres can reduce landfill waste and provide materials for safer playground surfaces.",
    "zh": "回收旧轮胎可以减少填埋垃圾，并为更安全的游乐场地面提供材料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a flat tyre｜瘪了的轮胎",
   "a spare tyre｜备用轮胎",
   "tyre pressure｜胎压",
   "change a tyre｜换轮胎"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tyre是英式拼写，美式拼写为tire。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tyre"
 },
 {
  "w": "skyscraper",
  "uk": "/ˈskaɪskreɪpə/",
  "us": "/ˈskaɪskreɪpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "摩天大楼",
    "en": "An extremely tall building with many floors."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The skyscraper cast a long shadow across the park.",
    "zh": "那座摩天大楼在公园里投下了一道长长的影子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building skyscrapers can accommodate growing urban populations, but cities must also invest in reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "建造摩天大楼可以容纳不断增长的城市人口，但城市也必须投资建设可靠的公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "build a skyscraper｜建造摩天大楼",
   "glass skyscraper｜玻璃幕墙摩天大楼",
   "towering skyscraper｜高耸的摩天大楼"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "high-rise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比普通high-rise更强调极高的建筑。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "skyscraper"
 },
 {
  "w": "tiredness",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪədnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪərdnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疲劳；疲倦",
    "en": "the feeling of needing rest or sleep"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After the long walk, tiredness made my legs feel heavy.",
    "zh": "走了很长一段路后，我疲惫得双腿发沉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Persistent tiredness can reduce students' concentration and may indicate that they are not getting enough sleep.",
    "zh": "持续的疲劳会降低学生的专注力，也可能表明他们睡眠不足。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "extreme tiredness｜极度疲劳",
   "persistent tiredness｜持续疲劳",
   "signs of tiredness｜疲劳迹象"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tired (adj.)",
   "tiring (adj.)",
   "tire (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fatigue",
   "weariness"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；形容人疲倦用tired，事物累人用tiring。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tiredness"
 },
 {
  "w": "terribly",
  "uk": "/ˈterəbli/",
  "us": "/ˈterəbli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "非常；极其",
    "en": "To a very great degree."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "糟糕地；很差地",
    "en": "In a very bad or unsuccessful way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'm terribly sorry I spilled juice on your jacket.",
    "zh": "我把果汁洒在了你的夹克上，实在抱歉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without reliable public transport, elderly residents may feel terribly isolated in remote rural communities.",
    "zh": "如果没有可靠的公共交通，偏远农村社区的老年居民可能会感到非常孤立。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "terribly sorry｜非常抱歉",
   "terribly worried｜十分担忧",
   "behave terribly｜表现很差"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "terrible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "extremely",
   "awfully"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常作口语强调词，不一定表示“可怕地”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "terribly"
 },
 {
  "w": "follower",
  "uk": "/ˈfɒləʊə/",
  "us": "/ˈfɑːloʊɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "追随者；拥护者",
    "en": "Someone who supports a person, belief, or movement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "社交媒体关注者",
    "en": "Someone who subscribes to another user's social media updates"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle is a devoted follower of the local team.",
    "zh": "我叔叔是本地球队的忠实拥护者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Having many followers on social media does not necessarily make someone a reliable source of health advice.",
    "zh": "在社交媒体上拥有众多关注者，并不一定意味着一个人能提供可靠的健康建议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a devoted follower｜忠实追随者",
   "social media followers｜社交媒体关注者",
   "gain followers｜吸引关注者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "follow (v.)",
   "following (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "supporter",
   "adherent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "leader"
  ],
  "tip": "表示追随者或账号关注者，不一定是狂热粉丝。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "follower"
 },
 {
  "w": "prayer",
  "uk": "/preə/",
  "us": "/prer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "祈祷；祷告",
    "en": "the act of speaking to God or a god"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "祷词；祈祷文",
    "en": "words spoken to God or a god"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She closed her eyes and said a quiet prayer.",
    "zh": "她闭上眼睛，轻声祈祷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For many communities, prayer provides comfort during difficult times and strengthens a sense of belonging.",
    "zh": "对许多群体而言，祈祷能在艰难时期带来慰藉，并增强归属感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "say a prayer｜祈祷",
   "daily prayer｜每日祈祷",
   "a prayer for peace｜祈求和平的祷告"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pray (v.)",
   "prayerful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示祈祷活动常不可数；一段祷词可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prayer"
 },
 {
  "w": "mend",
  "uk": "/mend/",
  "us": "/mend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "修补；修理",
    "en": "To make something broken or damaged usable again."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "愈合；恢复",
    "en": "To become healthy again after injury or illness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "改善；修复关系",
    "en": "To improve a damaged relationship or a difficult situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Grandpa showed me how to mend a torn pocket.",
    "zh": "爷爷教我如何补好撕破的口袋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching children to mend their clothes can reduce textile waste and encourage more responsible attitudes towards consumption.",
    "zh": "教孩子修补衣物可以减少纺织废料，并培养更负责任的消费态度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mend clothes｜修补衣物",
   "mend a fence｜修理围栏",
   "mend relations｜修复关系",
   "on the mend｜正在康复"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mending (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "repair",
   "fix"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "damage"
  ],
  "tip": "on the mend表示正在康复或情况正在好转。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mend"
 },
 {
  "w": "Antarctica",
  "uk": "/ænˈtɑːktɪkə/",
  "us": "/ænˈtɑːrktɪkə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "南极洲",
    "en": "the ice-covered continent surrounding the South Pole"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin photographed penguins during a trip to Antarctica.",
    "zh": "我表亲去南极洲旅行时拍了企鹅的照片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists studying Antarctica analyse ancient ice to understand how the Earth's climate has changed over time.",
    "zh": "研究南极洲的科学家通过分析古老冰层，了解地球气候如何随时间变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "expedition to Antarctica｜南极洲考察",
   "research in Antarctica｜南极洲研究",
   "the coast of Antarctica｜南极洲海岸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Antarctic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "洲名首字母大写，前面通常不加the。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "antarctica"
 },
 {
  "w": "attraction",
  "uk": "/əˈtrækʃən/",
  "us": "/əˈtrækʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "景点；吸引人的事物",
    "en": "A place or feature that people want to visit or experience."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "吸引力；吸引",
    "en": "The power to interest someone or draw them towards something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old castle is the town's most popular attraction.",
    "zh": "那座古堡是镇上最受欢迎的景点。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although tourism creates jobs, overcrowding at major attractions can damage historic buildings and disrupt local life.",
    "zh": "虽然旅游业创造就业机会，但主要景点过度拥挤可能损坏历史建筑，扰乱当地生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tourist attraction｜旅游景点",
   "main attraction｜主要看点",
   "mutual attraction｜相互吸引",
   "gravitational attraction｜万有引力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attract (v.)",
   "attractive (adj.)",
   "attractively (adv.)",
   "attractiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "appeal",
   "draw"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "repulsion"
  ],
  "tip": "指景点时可数；指吸引力时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attraction"
 },
 {
  "w": "bull",
  "uk": "/bʊl/",
  "us": "/bʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公牛",
    "en": "an adult male animal of the cattle family"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "看涨的投资者",
    "en": "an investor who expects market prices to rise"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A large bull stood quietly beside the farm gate.",
    "zh": "一头大公牛静静地站在农场门旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During a bull market, rising share prices may encourage households to invest more of their savings.",
    "zh": "在牛市期间，股价上涨可能促使家庭将更多储蓄用于投资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a breeding bull｜种公牛",
   "a bull market｜牛市",
   "take the bull by the horns｜勇敢面对难题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bullish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "bear"
  ],
  "tip": "金融中bull指看涨者，与bear（看跌者）相对。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bull"
 },
 {
  "w": "bury",
  "uk": "/ˈberi/",
  "us": "/ˈberi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "埋；埋葬",
    "en": "to put something in the ground and cover it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "掩藏；使埋在下面",
    "en": "to hide or cover something beneath other things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our dog buried its favourite toy beside the fence.",
    "zh": "我们的狗把最喜欢的玩具埋在了篱笆旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Instead of burying household waste, local authorities should invest in recycling facilities and public education.",
    "zh": "地方政府不应只是填埋生活垃圾，而应投资建设回收设施并开展公众教育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bury treasure｜埋藏宝藏",
   "bury waste｜填埋废弃物",
   "be buried under｜被埋在……下面",
   "bury your face in｜把脸埋进"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "burial (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unearth"
  ],
  "tip": "发音同berry；过去式buried，动名词burying。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bury"
 },
 {
  "w": "register",
  "uk": "/ˈredʒɪstə/",
  "us": "/ˈredʒɪstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "登记；注册",
    "en": "To put information on an official list"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "登记簿；名册",
    "en": "An official list or record of people or things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "显示；记录测量结果",
    "en": "To show or record an amount on a measuring instrument"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can register for swimming lessons at the pool.",
    "zh": "你可以在泳池报名参加游泳课。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents should be able to register for local healthcare services online, reducing unnecessary travel and administrative delays.",
    "zh": "居民应能在线登记使用当地医疗服务，以减少不必要的出行和行政延误。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "register for a course｜报名课程",
   "register to vote｜登记成为选民",
   "an attendance register｜出勤登记簿",
   "register a complaint｜正式提出投诉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "registration (n.)",
   "registered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enrol",
   "record"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "报名课程用register for；登记做某事用register to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "register"
 },
 {
  "w": "attach",
  "uk": "/əˈtætʃ/",
  "us": "/əˈtætʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "固定；系上；附上",
    "en": "Join or fasten something to something else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赋予；认为具有",
    "en": "Consider something to have a particular value or importance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Attach the little bell to your bicycle's handlebars.",
    "zh": "把这个小铃铛装在自行车的车把上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many employers attach greater importance to practical experience than to academic qualifications when recruiting new staff.",
    "zh": "许多雇主招聘新员工时，更看重实际经验而非学历。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attach a file｜附上文件",
   "attach something to something｜把某物固定到某物上",
   "attach importance to｜重视"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attachment (n.)",
   "attached (adj.)",
   "unattached (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fasten",
   "affix"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "detach"
  ],
  "tip": "常用attach A to B；邮件附件用attachment。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attach"
 },
 {
  "w": "respect",
  "uk": "/rɪˈspekt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈspekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尊重；敬佩",
    "en": "Admiration for someone or consideration for their rights and feelings."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "尊重；遵守",
    "en": "To value someone or follow a rule or agreement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方面",
    "en": "A particular feature or aspect of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She showed respect by listening without interrupting her colleague.",
    "zh": "她认真倾听，没有打断同事，以此表达尊重。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should encourage students to respect different opinions while evaluating the evidence behind each argument.",
    "zh": "学校应鼓励学生尊重不同观点，同时评估每种论点背后的证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "show respect for｜对……表示尊重",
   "mutual respect｜相互尊重",
   "respect privacy｜尊重隐私",
   "in this respect｜在这方面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "respectful (adj.)",
   "respectfully (adv.)",
   "respectable (adj.)",
   "disrespect (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "disrespect"
  ],
  "tip": "名词常接for；动词直接接宾语，不加for。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "respect"
 },
 {
  "w": "base",
  "uk": "/beɪs/",
  "us": "/beɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "底部；基础",
    "en": "The lowest supporting part or underlying foundation of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "基地；总部",
    "en": "A place from which people work or organise activities."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "以…为依据",
    "en": "To use something as the foundation for a decision or idea."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The heavy base keeps the lamp from falling over.",
    "zh": "沉重的底座让灯不易倒下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should base their environmental policies on reliable scientific evidence rather than short-term political interests.",
    "zh": "政府应以可靠的科学证据而非短期政治利益为依据制定环境政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the base of｜…的底部",
   "base something on｜以…为依据",
   "a research base｜研究基地",
   "a solid base｜坚实的基础"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "basic (adj.)",
   "basically (adv.)",
   "basis (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "base A on B表示“以B为依据建立A”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "base"
 },
 {
  "w": "depart",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpɑːt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈpɑːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "离开；出发",
    "en": "to leave a place, especially to start a journey"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "背离；偏离",
    "en": "to act differently from an established rule or practice"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our train departs at dawn, so pack your bag tonight.",
    "zh": "我们的火车黎明时出发，所以今晚就收拾好行李吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Buses that depart regularly from residential areas can reduce commuters' dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "从住宅区定时发车的公交车可以减少通勤者对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "depart from｜从…出发；背离",
   "depart for｜动身前往",
   "depart on time｜准时出发"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "departure (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "leave"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "arrive"
  ],
  "tip": "depart from后接出发地，depart for后接目的地。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "depart"
 },
 {
  "w": "subtraction",
  "uk": "/səbˈtrækʃən/",
  "us": "/səbˈtrækʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "减法；减去",
    "en": "The process of taking one amount away from another."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We practised subtraction by taking buttons out of a bowl.",
    "zh": "我们通过从碗里拿走纽扣来练习减法。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A secure understanding of subtraction helps children develop the numerical skills needed for everyday financial decisions.",
    "zh": "扎实理解减法有助于儿童培养日常财务决策所需的计算能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "addition and subtraction｜加法与减法",
   "simple subtraction｜简单减法",
   "subtraction problem｜减法题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "subtract (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "addition"
  ],
  "tip": "subtract A from B表示B减A，注意顺序。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "subtraction"
 },
 {
  "w": "understanding",
  "uk": "/ˌʌndəˈstændɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "理解；认识；体谅",
    "en": "Knowledge of something, or sympathy for someone's feelings and situation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "体谅的；善解人意的",
    "en": "Patient and sympathetic towards other people's feelings or difficulties."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "非正式协议；共识",
    "en": "An informal agreement between people or groups."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Thanks for your understanding when I arrived late yesterday.",
    "zh": "谢谢你体谅我昨天迟到的事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning another language can deepen students' understanding of different cultures and encourage greater respect for others.",
    "zh": "学习另一种语言可以加深学生对不同文化的理解，并促进对他人的尊重。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a clear understanding of｜对……的清楚理解",
   "mutual understanding｜相互理解",
   "reach an understanding｜达成共识",
   "an understanding friend｜善解人意的朋友"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "understand (v.)",
   "understandable (adj.)",
   "understandably (adv.)",
   "misunderstanding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "comprehension",
   "sympathy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "misunderstanding"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“对……的理解”用understanding of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "understanding"
 },
 {
  "w": "receipt",
  "uk": "/rɪˈsiːt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈsiːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "收据；小票",
    "en": "a document showing that something has been paid for"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "收到；接收",
    "en": "the act of receiving something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "收入；进款",
    "en": "money received by a business or organisation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep your receipt in case the shoes don't fit.",
    "zh": "留好收据，以防鞋子不合脚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Businesses should issue a receipt for every purchase to protect consumers and maintain accurate financial records.",
    "zh": "商家应为每笔购买开具收据，以保护消费者并保留准确的财务记录。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep the receipt｜保留收据",
   "issue a receipt｜开具收据",
   "on receipt of｜一收到",
   "tax receipts｜税收收入"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "receive (v.)",
   "receiver (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "p不发音；表示收入时通常用复数receipts。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "receipt"
 },
 {
  "w": "option",
  "uk": "/ˈɒpʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːpʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可选方案；选项",
    "en": "Something you can choose from a range of possibilities."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "选择权；选择机会",
    "en": "The right or opportunity to choose whether to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Taking the bus is our cheapest option today.",
    "zh": "今天乘公交车是我们最便宜的选择。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Remote working gives employees the option to live further from expensive city centres without changing jobs.",
    "zh": "远程办公让员工可以选择住在远离高房价市中心的地方，而不必换工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the best option｜最佳选择",
   "have no option but to｜别无选择只能",
   "keep your options open｜保留选择余地",
   "the option to buy｜购买的选择权"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "optional (adj.)",
   "optionally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "choice",
   "alternative"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "option指可选方案；have no option but to后接动词原形。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "option"
 },
 {
  "w": "pavement",
  "uk": "/ˈpeɪvmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈpeɪvmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人行道（英式）",
    "en": "A path beside a road for people to walk on."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "硬质路面（美式）",
    "en": "The hard surface covering a road or other outdoor area."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked along the pavement beside the busy road.",
    "zh": "我们沿着繁忙道路旁的人行道走。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wider pavements can improve pedestrian safety and make urban neighbourhoods more accessible for wheelchair users.",
    "zh": "更宽的人行道可以提高行人安全性，并让轮椅使用者更方便地在城市社区出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "walk on the pavement｜在人行道上走",
   "uneven pavement｜不平整的人行道",
   "pavement café｜路边露天咖啡馆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pave (v.)",
   "paving (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sidewalk"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式指人行道；美式常指道路的硬质表面。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pavement"
 },
 {
  "w": "dial",
  "uk": "/ˈdaɪəl/",
  "us": "/ˈdaɪəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刻度盘；调节旋钮",
    "en": "A marked face or rotating control on an instrument"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拨打电话号码",
    "en": "Enter a telephone number to make a call"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Turn the dial clockwise to make the room warmer.",
    "zh": "顺时针转动旋钮，让房间暖和一些。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who struggle with touchscreens may find a physical dial easier to use when adjusting household appliances.",
    "zh": "不擅长使用触摸屏的人在调节家用电器时，可能觉得实体旋钮更方便。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "turn the dial｜转动旋钮",
   "a clock dial｜钟面",
   "dial a number｜拨打号码",
   "a dial tone｜拨号音"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式英式常用dialled，美式常用dialed。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dial"
 },
 {
  "w": "marvelous",
  "uk": "/ˈmɑːvələs/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːrvələs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；令人惊叹的",
    "en": "extremely good or impressive"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had a marvelous view of the snowy mountains.",
    "zh": "我们欣赏到了雪山的绝美景色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries offer a marvelous opportunity for people of all ages to explore new interests.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆为各年龄段的人探索新兴趣提供了极好的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a marvelous opportunity｜绝佳的机会",
   "a marvelous achievement｜非凡的成就",
   "a marvelous view｜绝美的景色"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "marvel (n.)",
   "marvel (v.)",
   "marvelously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wonderful",
   "excellent",
   "splendid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "terrible"
  ],
  "tip": "marvelous为美式拼写；英式通常写marvellous。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "marvelous"
 },
 {
  "w": "requirement",
  "uk": "/rɪˈkwaɪəmənt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈkwaɪrmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "要求；必要条件",
    "en": "Something that must be done, possessed, or provided"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "所需之物；需求",
    "en": "Something needed for a particular purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Wearing a helmet is a requirement at this skatepark.",
    "zh": "在这个滑板公园必须戴头盔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear entry requirements help prospective students assess whether they are adequately prepared for university courses.",
    "zh": "明确的入学要求有助于有意申请的学生判断自己是否已为大学课程做好充分准备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "meet the requirements｜满足要求",
   "entry requirements｜入学要求",
   "a legal requirement｜法律规定的要求",
   "energy requirements｜能源需求"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "require (v.)",
   "required (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "prerequisite",
   "condition",
   "need"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "满足要求用meet requirements，不用reach。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "requirement"
 },
 {
  "w": "continent",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒntɪnənt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːntɪnənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洲；大陆",
    "en": "one of the Earth's main large areas of land"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher pointed to the African continent on a globe.",
    "zh": "老师指着地球仪上的非洲大陆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Climate change affects every continent, although its consequences vary considerably between regions and communities.",
    "zh": "气候变化影响每一个洲，但其后果因地区和群体而有很大差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the African continent｜非洲大陆",
   "across continents｜跨越各洲",
   "continental climate｜大陆性气候"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "continental (adj.)",
   "intercontinental (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "continent是洲或大陆，country是国家。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "continent"
 },
 {
  "w": "afford",
  "uk": "/əˈfɔːd/",
  "us": "/əˈfɔːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "买得起；承担得起",
    "en": "to have enough money or resources for something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提供；给予",
    "en": "to provide something useful or desirable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cannot afford a new sofa this month.",
    "zh": "我们这个月买不起新沙发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without financial assistance, many students cannot afford to attend university despite having strong academic potential.",
    "zh": "如果没有经济援助，许多学生即使有很强的学术潜力，也无力负担大学费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "can afford to do｜有能力负担做某事",
   "cannot afford to lose｜承受不起失去",
   "afford protection｜提供保护"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "affordable (adj.)",
   "affordability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用can afford sth或can afford to do，不接doing。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "afford"
 },
 {
  "w": "object",
  "uk": "/ˈɒbdʒɪkt/; /əbˈdʒekt/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːbdʒekt/; /əbˈdʒekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "物体；东西",
    "en": "a thing that can be seen or touched"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "反对",
    "en": "to express disagreement with something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "目的；目标",
    "en": "the aim of an action or activity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A shiny object was lying beneath the sofa.",
    "zh": "沙发下面有个闪闪发亮的东西。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many residents object to the proposed airport expansion because it could increase noise pollution.",
    "zh": "许多居民反对拟议中的机场扩建，因为这可能加剧噪声污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a physical object｜实物",
   "object to a proposal｜反对一项提议",
   "the object of the exercise｜这项活动的目的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "objection (n.)",
   "objector (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在前，动词在后；object to后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "object"
 },
 {
  "w": "dizzy",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪzi/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪzi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "头晕的；眩晕的",
    "en": "Feeling as if you or your surroundings are spinning."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt dizzy after spinning around with my little cousin.",
    "zh": "和小表弟转了几圈后，我觉得头晕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who feel dizzy during exercise should stop immediately and seek medical advice if symptoms persist.",
    "zh": "运动时感到头晕的人应立即停下；若症状持续，应咨询医生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel dizzy｜感到头晕",
   "a dizzy spell｜一阵眩晕",
   "make someone dizzy｜使某人头晕"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dizziness (n.)",
   "dizzily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "light-headed"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "人作主语用feel dizzy；事物可make人dizzy。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dizzy"
 },
 {
  "w": "cheating",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃiːtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃiːtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "作弊；欺骗行为",
    "en": "Dishonest behaviour intended to gain an unfair advantage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Peeking at another player's cards is cheating, even among friends.",
    "zh": "即使是朋友一起玩，偷看别人的牌也算作弊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can discourage cheating by designing assessments that reward independent thinking rather than the simple recall of facts.",
    "zh": "学校可以设计重视独立思考而非单纯记忆事实的考核，以减少作弊。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cheating in exams｜考试作弊",
   "prevent cheating｜防止作弊",
   "accuse someone of cheating｜指责某人作弊"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cheat (v.)",
   "cheat (n.)",
   "cheater (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dishonesty"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "honesty"
  ],
  "tip": "cheating作行为名词通常不可数；cheat也可指作弊者。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cheating"
 },
 {
  "w": "stress",
  "uk": "/stres/",
  "us": "/stres/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "精神压力；紧张",
    "en": "Mental strain caused by difficult situations or too many demands"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "强调",
    "en": "To give particular importance to something when speaking or writing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重音",
    "en": "Extra force used when pronouncing a syllable or word"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A short walk helps me deal with work stress.",
    "zh": "散一小会儿步有助于我缓解工作压力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach students practical strategies for managing stress during examinations and other demanding periods.",
    "zh": "学校应教给学生实用的方法，帮助他们应对考试及其他紧张时期的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "under stress｜承受压力",
   "reduce stress｜减轻压力",
   "stress the importance of｜强调…的重要性",
   "word stress｜单词重音"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stressful (adj.)",
   "stressed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "strain",
   "emphasise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "人感到压力用stressed；事情令人紧张用stressful。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stress"
 },
 {
  "w": "absent",
  "uk": "/ˈæbsənt/",
  "us": "/ˈæbsənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "缺席的；不在的",
    "en": "Not present where someone is expected to be."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "缺少的；不存在的",
    "en": "Not existing or found in a particular place or situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Lina was absent from class because she felt ill.",
    "zh": "莉娜因身体不适没有来上课。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who are frequently absent from school may require additional support to keep up with their classmates.",
    "zh": "经常缺课的学生可能需要额外帮助，才能跟上同学的学习进度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "absent from school｜缺课",
   "absent from work｜缺勤",
   "conspicuously absent｜明显缺席的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "absence (n.)",
   "absentee (n.)",
   "absenteeism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "missing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "present"
  ],
  "tip": "表示缺席某场合用absent from，不用absent in。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "absent"
 },
 {
  "w": "poet",
  "uk": "/ˈpəʊɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈpoʊət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诗人",
    "en": "a person who writes poems"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The poet read her latest work beside the fireplace.",
    "zh": "这位诗人在壁炉旁朗读了她的最新作品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A poet can challenge social attitudes by expressing familiar experiences in unexpected and emotionally powerful ways.",
    "zh": "诗人可以用出人意料且富有感染力的方式表达日常体验，从而挑战社会观念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a celebrated poet｜著名诗人",
   "a contemporary poet｜当代诗人",
   "a poet's work｜诗人的作品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "poem (n.)",
   "poetry (n.)",
   "poetic (adj.)",
   "poetically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "poet指诗人，poem指一首诗，poetry统称诗歌。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "poet"
 },
 {
  "w": "essential",
  "uk": "/ɪˈsenʃəl/",
  "us": "/ɪˈsenʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "必不可少的；必要的",
    "en": "Completely necessary for a particular purpose or situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "本质的；基本的",
    "en": "Relating to the most important characteristics of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "必需品；基本要点",
    "en": "A necessary item or basic fact, usually mentioned in plural"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A warm coat is essential for this winter walk.",
    "zh": "这次冬日散步必须穿一件暖和的外套。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to clean drinking water is essential for preventing disease and improving public health.",
    "zh": "获得清洁饮用水对预防疾病和改善公共卫生至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "essential for survival｜生存所必需的",
   "essential services｜基本公共服务",
   "essential equipment｜必需设备",
   "daily essentials｜日常必需品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "essentially (adv.)",
   "essence (n.)",
   "nonessential (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "necessary",
   "vital",
   "indispensable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unnecessary",
   "optional"
  ],
  "tip": "名词常用复数 essentials，表示必需品或基本要点。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "essential"
 },
 {
  "w": "whale",
  "uk": "/weɪl/",
  "us": "/weɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鲸",
    "en": "A very large sea mammal that breathes air."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A whale surfaced beside our boat and sprayed water.",
    "zh": "一头鲸在我们船旁浮出水面，喷出了水雾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting whale populations requires international cooperation because these marine mammals migrate across vast areas of ocean.",
    "zh": "保护鲸类种群需要国际合作，因为这些海洋哺乳动物会跨越广阔海域迁徙。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blue whale｜蓝鲸",
   "whale watching｜观鲸",
   "whale conservation｜鲸类保护"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "whaling (n.)",
   "whaler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "鲸是哺乳动物，不是鱼；复数通常为whales。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "whale"
 },
 {
  "w": "economics",
  "uk": "/ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/",
  "us": "/ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经济学",
    "en": "The study of how societies produce, distribute, and use resources."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经济因素；经济可行性",
    "en": "The financial factors affecting whether an activity is practical."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister studies economics and enjoys discussing food prices.",
    "zh": "我姐姐学经济学，喜欢讨论食品价格。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying economics helps students understand how government policies influence employment, inflation, and the distribution of wealth.",
    "zh": "学习经济学有助于学生理解政府政策如何影响就业、通货膨胀和财富分配。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study economics｜学习经济学",
   "behavioural economics｜行为经济学",
   "the economics of recycling｜回收利用的经济可行性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "economy (n.)",
   "economist (n.)",
   "economic (adj.)",
   "economically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指学科时虽以s结尾，仍接单数谓语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "economics"
 },
 {
  "w": "pond",
  "uk": "/pɒnd/",
  "us": "/pɑːnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "池塘",
    "en": "a small area of still water surrounded by land"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A green frog jumped into the pond beside our house.",
    "zh": "一只绿青蛙跳进了我们屋旁的池塘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Creating ponds in urban parks can provide valuable habitats for amphibians and increase local biodiversity.",
    "zh": "在城市公园中建造池塘可以为两栖动物提供宝贵的栖息地，并增加当地的生物多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "garden pond｜花园池塘",
   "fish pond｜鱼塘",
   "pond life｜池塘生物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pond通常比lake小；可指天然或人工池塘。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pond"
 },
 {
  "w": "delighted",
  "uk": "/dɪˈlaɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/dɪˈlaɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "非常高兴的；欣喜的",
    "en": "very pleased about something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Lina was delighted to find her missing bracelet.",
    "zh": "莉娜找到丢失的手链，非常高兴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents were delighted with the new library, which offered free internet access and a welcoming space for study.",
    "zh": "居民对新图书馆感到十分满意，那里提供免费上网服务和舒适宜人的学习空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "delighted with the result｜对结果非常满意",
   "delighted to hear｜听到后很高兴",
   "absolutely delighted｜欣喜万分"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "delight (n.)",
   "delight (v.)",
   "delightful (adj.)",
   "delightfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thrilled",
   "overjoyed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disappointed"
  ],
  "tip": "人感到高兴用delighted；事物令人愉快用delightful。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "delighted"
 },
 {
  "w": "microphone",
  "uk": "/ˈmaɪkrəfəʊn/",
  "us": "/ˈmaɪkrəfoʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "麦克风；话筒",
    "en": "A device that captures sound for recording or making it louder."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please speak into the microphone so everyone can hear.",
    "zh": "请对着麦克风讲话，让大家都能听见。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using a microphone during lectures can help students hear clearly, particularly in large classrooms with poor acoustics.",
    "zh": "讲课时使用麦克风可以帮助学生听清内容，尤其是在声学条件较差的大教室里。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "speak into a microphone｜对着麦克风讲话",
   "a wireless microphone｜无线麦克风",
   "a microphone stand｜麦克风支架"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "mic"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "microphone收音；speaker播放声音，勿混淆。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "microphone"
 },
 {
  "w": "drum",
  "uk": "/drʌm/",
  "us": "/drʌm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鼓",
    "en": "a musical instrument played by hitting its stretched surface"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大圆桶",
    "en": "a large cylindrical container for storing liquids or other materials"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "击鼓；连续敲击",
    "en": "to play a drum or tap something repeatedly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The little boy beat the drum with both hands.",
    "zh": "小男孩用双手敲鼓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning to play the drum can help children develop coordination and participate in group performances.",
    "zh": "学习打鼓能帮助儿童培养协调能力，并参与集体表演。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play the drums｜打鼓",
   "beat a drum｜敲鼓",
   "an oil drum｜油桶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drummer (n.)",
   "drumming (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "play the drums常指打鼓；drum也可指大圆桶。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drum"
 },
 {
  "w": "magician",
  "uk": "/məˈdʒɪʃn/",
  "us": "/məˈdʒɪʃn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "魔术师",
    "en": "A performer who entertains people by doing seemingly impossible tricks."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "魔法师",
    "en": "A person believed or imagined to have magical powers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The magician pulled a silk scarf from an empty cup.",
    "zh": "魔术师从空杯子里抽出了一条丝巾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A skilled magician can demonstrate how easily human attention is directed away from important visual details.",
    "zh": "技艺娴熟的魔术师可以展示，人的注意力多么容易被引开，从而忽略重要的视觉细节。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "performing magician｜表演魔术师",
   "stage magician｜舞台魔术师",
   "skilled magician｜技艺娴熟的魔术师"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "magic (n.)",
   "magical (adj.)",
   "magically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "conjurer",
   "illusionist"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "现实中指魔术表演者；故事中也可指魔法师。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "magician"
 },
 {
  "w": "professional",
  "uk": "/prəˈfeʃənəl/",
  "us": "/prəˈfeʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "专业的；职业的",
    "en": "Relating to skilled work or an activity done for payment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "专业得体的；称职的",
    "en": "Showing the skill and behaviour expected of a trained worker."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专业人士；职业选手",
    "en": "Someone trained for skilled work or paid to perform."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hired a professional photographer for our wedding.",
    "zh": "我们为婚礼聘请了一位专业摄影师。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Continuous professional development helps teachers adapt their methods to changing student needs and new educational technologies.",
    "zh": "持续的专业发展帮助教师调整教学方法，以适应学生需求的变化和新的教育技术。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "professional advice｜专业建议",
   "professional development｜专业发展",
   "professional athlete｜职业运动员",
   "healthcare professional｜医疗专业人员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "profession (n.)",
   "professionally (adv.)",
   "professionalism (n.)",
   "unprofessional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "amateur",
   "unprofessional"
  ],
  "tip": "与amateur对比强调职业；形容态度时强调专业得体。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "professional"
 },
 {
  "w": "stir",
  "uk": "/stɜː/",
  "us": "/stɝː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "搅拌",
    "en": "To mix something by moving a spoon or similar object around."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "激起；唤起",
    "en": "To cause a strong feeling or reaction."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轰动；骚动",
    "en": "Excitement or surprise caused by an event or action."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Stir the soup gently so it does not stick.",
    "zh": "轻轻搅拌汤，免得粘锅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Documentaries about endangered animals can stir public concern and encourage stronger support for wildlife conservation.",
    "zh": "关于濒危动物的纪录片能够唤起公众的关注，促使人们更加支持野生动物保护。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stir well｜充分搅拌",
   "stir in｜搅拌着加入",
   "cause a stir｜引起轰动",
   "stir up trouble｜挑起事端"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stirrer (n.)",
   "stirring (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式stirred、现在分词stirring均双写r。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stir"
 },
 {
  "w": "major",
  "uk": "/ˈmeɪdʒə/",
  "us": "/ˈmeɪdʒər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "主要的；重大的",
    "en": "very important, large, or serious"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "主修专业；该专业学生",
    "en": "a main university subject, or a student studying that subject"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "主修",
    "en": "to study a particular subject as your main university subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The storm caused major damage to our roof.",
    "zh": "暴风雨严重损坏了我们的屋顶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to affordable childcare remains a major concern for parents who wish to return to work.",
    "zh": "对于希望重返职场的父母而言，能否获得负担得起的托育服务仍是一个主要顾虑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "major problem｜重大问题",
   "major role｜重要作用",
   "major in biology｜主修生物学",
   "major breakthrough｜重大突破"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "majority (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "significant",
   "important"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "minor"
  ],
  "tip": "动词主修用major in；主要用于美式英语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "major"
 },
 {
  "w": "arithmetic",
  "uk": "/əˈrɪθmətɪk/",
  "us": "/əˈrɪθmətɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "算术",
    "en": "mathematics involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We practised mental arithmetic while waiting for the bus.",
    "zh": "等公交车时，我们练习了心算。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strong arithmetic skills help young adults manage personal budgets and make informed financial decisions.",
    "zh": "扎实的算术能力有助于年轻人管理个人预算，并作出明智的财务决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mental arithmetic｜心算",
   "basic arithmetic｜基础算术",
   "arithmetic skills｜算术能力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "arithmetical (adj.)",
   "arithmetically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词通常不可数；范围比mathematics窄。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arithmetic"
 },
 {
  "w": "shoot",
  "uk": "/ʃuːt/",
  "us": "/ʃuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "射击；射中",
    "en": "Fire a gun or another weapon; hit with a bullet"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拍摄",
    "en": "Take photographs or record a film"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "嫩芽；新枝",
    "en": "A new part growing from a plant"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She learned to shoot arrows at a local club.",
    "zh": "她在当地一家俱乐部学会了射箭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Film crews often shoot documentaries in remote locations to highlight the effects of climate change.",
    "zh": "摄制组常在偏远地区拍摄纪录片，以突出气候变化的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shoot a film｜拍摄电影",
   "shoot an arrow｜射箭",
   "a young shoot｜嫩芽"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shooting (n.)",
   "shooter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为shot；shoot at指朝……射击。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shoot"
 },
 {
  "w": "pigeon",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪdʒɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪdʒɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鸽子",
    "en": "A plump bird with short legs, commonly seen in cities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A grey pigeon landed on the bench beside me.",
    "zh": "一只灰鸽子落在了我身旁的长椅上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban pigeon populations often grow where food waste is abundant, highlighting the importance of effective rubbish collection.",
    "zh": "城市里食物垃圾丰富的地方，鸽子数量往往会增加，这凸显了有效清运垃圾的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a flock of pigeons｜一群鸽子",
   "homing pigeon｜信鸽",
   "feed the pigeons｜喂鸽子"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "注意拼写pigeon；同音词pidgin指洋泾浜语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pigeon"
 },
 {
  "w": "industry",
  "uk": "/ˈɪndəstri/",
  "us": "/ˈɪndəstri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工业；制造业",
    "en": "the production of goods in factories"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行业",
    "en": "businesses that provide a particular type of product or service"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "勤奋；勤勉",
    "en": "steady effort and hard work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The fishing industry provides jobs for many local families.",
    "zh": "渔业为当地许多家庭提供了工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in cleaner technology could help heavy industry reduce emissions without significantly lowering production levels.",
    "zh": "投资更清洁的技术可帮助重工业减少排放，同时不显著降低生产水平。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heavy industry｜重工业",
   "the tourism industry｜旅游业",
   "the manufacturing industry｜制造业",
   "industrial development｜工业发展"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "industrial (adj.)",
   "industrialise (v.)",
   "industrialisation (n.)",
   "industrious (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "工业用industrial；勤奋的用industrious。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "industry"
 },
 {
  "w": "opportunity",
  "uk": "/ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/",
  "us": "/ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "机会；时机",
    "en": "A situation that makes it possible to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The school trip gave me an opportunity to try climbing.",
    "zh": "学校旅行让我有机会尝试攀岩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries provide an important opportunity for residents to develop skills without paying expensive course fees.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆为居民提供了培养技能的重要机会，无须支付昂贵的课程费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an opportunity to learn｜学习的机会",
   "seize an opportunity｜抓住机会",
   "equal opportunities｜平等机会"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "chance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用an opportunity to do，表示做某事的机会。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "opportunity"
 },
 {
  "w": "cutlery",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌtləri/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌtləri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刀叉匙等餐具",
    "en": "Knives, forks, and spoons used for eating or serving food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please put the clean cutlery beside the plates.",
    "zh": "请把干净的刀叉匙放在盘子旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restaurants can reduce plastic waste by replacing disposable cutlery with durable alternatives that can be washed and reused.",
    "zh": "餐馆可以用可清洗、可重复使用的耐用餐具替代一次性餐具，以减少塑料垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a set of cutlery｜一套餐具",
   "disposable cutlery｜一次性餐具",
   "stainless steel cutlery｜不锈钢餐具"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；一件餐具用a piece of cutlery。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cutlery"
 },
 {
  "w": "nor",
  "uk": "/nɔː/",
  "us": "/nɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "也不；也没有",
    "en": "used to add another negative statement or alternative"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I could neither find my keys nor remember where I parked.",
    "zh": "我既找不到钥匙，也记不起把车停在哪里了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding roads alone will neither solve traffic congestion nor reduce the environmental damage caused by private vehicles.",
    "zh": "仅仅拓宽道路既不能解决交通拥堵，也无法减少私家车造成的环境破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "neither ... nor ...｜既不……也不……",
   "nor do I｜我也不",
   "nor can we｜我们也不能"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nor连接独立分句时常倒装：nor do I。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nor"
 },
 {
  "w": "contact",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒntækt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːntækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "联系；接触",
    "en": "Communication with someone, or physical touching between things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "联系；联络",
    "en": "To communicate with someone by calling, writing, or another method."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "熟人；人脉",
    "en": "Someone you know who can offer help or information."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please contact the receptionist if you lose your key.",
    "zh": "如果你丢了钥匙，请联系接待员。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular contact with family members can reduce loneliness among older people who live alone.",
    "zh": "经常与家人联系可以减轻独居老年人的孤独感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep in contact with｜与……保持联系",
   "contact details｜联系方式",
   "direct contact｜直接接触",
   "make contact with｜与……取得联系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contactable (adj.)",
   "contactless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词contact直接接人，不加with；名词后可加with。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contact"
 },
 {
  "w": "woollen",
  "uk": "/ˈwʊlən/",
  "us": "/ˈwʊlən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "羊毛制的；毛线织的",
    "en": "Made from wool."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I pulled on thick woollen socks before going outside.",
    "zh": "出门前，我穿上了厚厚的羊毛袜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although woollen clothing provides excellent insulation, its environmental impact depends partly on farming practices and manufacturing methods.",
    "zh": "虽然羊毛衣物保暖性能优良，但其环境影响部分取决于养殖方式和制造方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a woollen jumper｜羊毛套头衫",
   "woollen socks｜羊毛袜",
   "a woollen blanket｜羊毛毯"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wool (n.)",
   "woolly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写woollen；美式通常写woolen。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "woollen"
 },
 {
  "w": "prevent",
  "uk": "/prɪˈvent/",
  "us": "/prɪˈvent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "预防；防止；阻止",
    "en": "To stop something happening or someone doing something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This tight lid will prevent the soup from spilling.",
    "zh": "这个严实的盖子能防止汤洒出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in early health education can help prevent chronic diseases and reduce future pressure on public healthcare services.",
    "zh": "投资早期健康教育有助于预防慢性病，并减轻公共医疗服务未来的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prevent accidents｜预防事故",
   "prevent disease｜预防疾病",
   "prevent someone from doing｜阻止某人做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prevention (n.)",
   "preventive (adj.)",
   "preventable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stop",
   "avert"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用prevent sb from doing，不用prevent sb to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prevent"
 },
 {
  "w": "mad",
  "uk": "/mæd/",
  "us": "/mæd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "生气的；愤怒的",
    "en": "very angry"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "疯狂的；不理智的",
    "en": "behaving or thinking in an unreasonable or foolish way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "痴迷的；极喜爱的",
    "en": "extremely enthusiastic about someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dad was mad because I broke his favourite cup.",
    "zh": "爸爸很生气，因为我打碎了他最喜欢的杯子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although some residents are mad about football, public sports funding should support a wider range of activities.",
    "zh": "虽然一些居民热衷足球，但公共体育资金应支持更广泛的活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get mad｜生气",
   "mad at someone｜生某人的气",
   "mad about football｜痴迷足球",
   "drive someone mad｜使某人抓狂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "madly (adv.)",
   "madness (n.)",
   "madden (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "angry",
   "furious"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mad at表示生气；mad about可表示痴迷。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mad"
 },
 {
  "w": "jail",
  "uk": "/dʒeɪl/",
  "us": "/dʒeɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "监狱；拘留所",
    "en": "A place where people are kept as punishment or awaiting trial."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "监禁",
    "en": "Put someone in jail."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old jail now welcomes visitors as a museum.",
    "zh": "这座旧监狱如今作为博物馆接待游客。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Education programmes in jail can help prisoners develop skills and improve their chances of finding work after release.",
    "zh": "监狱中的教育项目能帮助服刑人员培养技能，提高他们获释后找到工作的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go to jail｜入狱",
   "a jail sentence｜监禁刑期",
   "be jailed for fraud｜因诈骗被监禁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jailer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "prison",
   "imprison"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in jail指在押，不加冠词；英式旧拼法为gaol。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jail"
 },
 {
  "w": "disadvantage",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不利条件；缺点",
    "en": "something that makes success harder or reduces something's value"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The main disadvantage of this flat is the noise.",
    "zh": "这套公寓的主要缺点是噪声大。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students without reliable internet access face a significant disadvantage when schools rely heavily on online learning.",
    "zh": "当学校高度依赖线上学习时，无法稳定上网的学生会明显处于不利地位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at a disadvantage｜处于不利地位",
   "a major disadvantage｜重大弊端",
   "advantages and disadvantages｜优点和缺点"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disadvantaged (adj.)",
   "advantage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "drawback",
   "downside"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "advantage",
   "benefit"
  ],
  "tip": "表示处于不利地位用at a disadvantage。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disadvantage"
 },
 {
  "w": "familiar",
  "uk": "/fəˈmɪliə/",
  "us": "/fəˈmɪljɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "熟悉的；常见的",
    "en": "easy to recognise because you have encountered it before"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "熟知的；了解的",
    "en": "having knowledge or experience of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I heard a familiar voice outside the kitchen door.",
    "zh": "我听见厨房门外传来一个熟悉的声音。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who are familiar with digital tools may adapt more easily to online learning environments.",
    "zh": "熟悉数字工具的学生可能更容易适应在线学习环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "familiar with｜熟悉……",
   "familiar to｜为……所熟悉",
   "a familiar face｜熟悉的面孔",
   "look familiar｜看起来眼熟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "familiarity (n.)",
   "unfamiliar (adj.)",
   "familiarise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "recognisable",
   "well-known"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfamiliar"
  ],
  "tip": "人熟悉事物用with；事物为人熟悉用to。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "familiar"
 },
 {
  "w": "marvellous",
  "uk": "/ˈmɑːvələs/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːrvələs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；绝妙的",
    "en": "Extremely good and very enjoyable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人惊叹的",
    "en": "Causing great surprise or admiration."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had a marvellous picnic beside the lake.",
    "zh": "我们在湖边度过了一段美妙的野餐时光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public gardens offer marvellous opportunities for urban residents to relax and reconnect with nature.",
    "zh": "公共花园为城市居民提供了放松身心、重新亲近自然的绝佳机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a marvellous idea｜绝妙的主意",
   "a marvellous opportunity｜极好的机会",
   "a marvellous achievement｜了不起的成就"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "marvel (n.)",
   "marvel (v.)",
   "marvellously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wonderful",
   "excellent",
   "splendid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "awful",
   "terrible"
  ],
  "tip": "英式拼写为marvellous，美式通常为marvelous。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "marvellous"
 },
 {
  "w": "cough",
  "uk": "/kɒf/",
  "us": "/kɔːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "咳嗽",
    "en": "Force air suddenly from your throat with a rough sound."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "咳嗽；咳嗽声",
    "en": "The act or sound of coughing, or an illness causing it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dusty room made me cough several times.",
    "zh": "房间里的灰尘让我咳嗽了好几次。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People with a persistent cough should seek medical advice, particularly if symptoms interfere with sleep or daily activities.",
    "zh": "持续咳嗽的人应就医咨询，尤其是在症状影响睡眠或日常活动时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a persistent cough｜持续咳嗽",
   "a dry cough｜干咳",
   "cough medicine｜止咳药",
   "cough up｜咳出"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gh在此发/f/；have a cough表示有咳嗽症状。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cough"
 },
 {
  "w": "racket",
  "uk": "/ˈrækɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈrækɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "球拍",
    "en": "An object with strings used to hit balls in sports."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喧闹声",
    "en": "A loud, unpleasant noise."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left my tennis racket beside the court.",
    "zh": "我把网球拍落在球场边了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing basic equipment, such as a racket, can make school sports more accessible to children.",
    "zh": "提供球拍等基本器材，可以让更多孩子参与学校体育活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tennis racket｜网球拍",
   "badminton racket｜羽毛球拍",
   "make a racket｜制造喧闹声"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "球拍也可拼作racquet；喧闹声只用racket。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "racket"
 },
 {
  "w": "similarly",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪmələli/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪmələrli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "相似地；同样地",
    "en": "In a similar way; also true of another person or thing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The twins dress similarly but have very different personalities.",
    "zh": "这对双胞胎穿着相似，性格却很不一样。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries provide free access to information; similarly, community centres offer valuable opportunities for lifelong learning.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆提供免费获取信息的渠道；同样，社区中心也为终身学习提供宝贵机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "similarly affected｜受到类似影响",
   "similarly priced｜定价相近的",
   "behave similarly｜行为相似"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "similar (adj.)",
   "similarity (n.)",
   "dissimilar (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "likewise"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "differently"
  ],
  "tip": "句首Similarly常接逗号，用于引出相似情况。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "similarly"
 },
 {
  "w": "jug",
  "uk": "/dʒʌɡ/",
  "us": "/dʒʌɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "有柄水壶；大罐",
    "en": "A handled container used for holding and pouring liquids."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一壶的量",
    "en": "The amount of liquid a jug holds."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please bring a jug of water to the table.",
    "zh": "请拿一壶水到餐桌上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Serving tap water in a reusable jug can help restaurants reduce their reliance on disposable plastic bottles.",
    "zh": "用可重复使用的水壶供应自来水，有助于餐馆减少对一次性塑料瓶的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a jug of water｜一壶水",
   "milk jug｜牛奶壶",
   "fill a jug｜装满一壶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常指有嘴敞口壶；美式常指窄口带柄罐。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jug"
 },
 {
  "w": "fashionable",
  "uk": "/ˈfæʃənəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈfæʃənəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "时髦的；流行的",
    "en": "Popular or considered attractive at a particular time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Those colourful trainers are fashionable among my friends.",
    "zh": "那种彩色运动鞋在我的朋友中很流行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers often replace fashionable clothing quickly, increasing textile waste and placing pressure on natural resources.",
    "zh": "消费者往往很快就更换时髦的服装，增加了纺织废料，也给自然资源带来压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fashionable clothes｜时髦的衣服",
   "a fashionable district｜时尚街区",
   "become fashionable｜流行起来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fashion (n.)",
   "fashionably (adv.)",
   "unfashionable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "trendy",
   "stylish"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfashionable",
   "outdated"
  ],
  "tip": "不仅形容衣服，也可形容观念、活动或地区。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fashionable"
 },
 {
  "w": "cracker",
  "uk": "/ˈkrækə/",
  "us": "/ˈkrækər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "薄脆饼干",
    "en": "a thin, crisp biscuit, often eaten with cheese"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I packed some crackers and cheese for the picnic.",
    "zh": "我装了些薄脆饼干和奶酪，准备野餐时吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although crackers are convenient snacks, some varieties contain substantial amounts of salt and should be eaten in moderation.",
    "zh": "虽然薄脆饼干食用方便，但某些种类含盐量较高，应适量食用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cheese and crackers｜奶酪配薄脆饼干",
   "salted crackers｜咸味薄脆饼干",
   "wholegrain crackers｜全谷物薄脆饼干"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指薄而脆的咸饼干，不一定是苏打饼干。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cracker"
 },
 {
  "w": "trick",
  "uk": "/trɪk/",
  "us": "/trɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诡计；恶作剧",
    "en": "an action intended to deceive someone or make them look foolish"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "窍门；戏法",
    "en": "a clever technique or an act that seems magical"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "欺骗；哄骗",
    "en": "to deceive someone into believing or doing something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Someone played a trick on me with a plastic spider.",
    "zh": "有人用一只塑料蜘蛛捉弄了我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some online advertisements trick consumers into paying for services they initially believed were free.",
    "zh": "一些网络广告诱骗消费者为他们起初以为免费的服务付费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play a trick on someone｜捉弄某人",
   "trick someone into doing something｜骗某人做某事",
   "a magic trick｜魔术戏法",
   "the trick to doing something｜做某事的窍门"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tricky (adj.)",
   "trickery (n.)",
   "trickster (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "trick sb into doing sth表示“骗某人做某事”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trick"
 },
 {
  "w": "advise",
  "uk": "/ədˈvaɪz/",
  "us": "/ədˈvaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "建议；劝告",
    "en": "Tell someone what you think they should do"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "正式通知",
    "en": "Officially give someone information about something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor advised me to rest for a few days.",
    "zh": "医生建议我休息几天。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should advise students on career options before they choose subjects for further study.",
    "zh": "学校应在学生选择进修科目之前，就职业选择向他们提供建议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "advise someone to do something｜建议某人做某事",
   "advise against｜劝告不要",
   "advise on｜就……提供建议",
   "strongly advise｜强烈建议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "advice (n.)",
   "adviser (n.)",
   "advisory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "recommend",
   "counsel"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "advise是动词；advice是不可数名词，词尾发/s/。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "advise"
 },
 {
  "w": "identity",
  "uk": "/aɪˈdentəti/",
  "us": "/aɪˈdentəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "身份",
    "en": "who a person is"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "特性；认同感",
    "en": "qualities and beliefs distinguishing a person or group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The receptionist checked my identity before handing me the key.",
    "zh": "接待员核实我的身份后，才把钥匙交给我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving local languages can strengthen cultural identity while helping communities pass traditional knowledge to younger generations.",
    "zh": "保护地方语言能够增强文化认同，同时帮助社区向年轻一代传承传统知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "proof of identity｜身份证明",
   "cultural identity｜文化认同",
   "sense of identity｜认同感",
   "identity theft｜身份盗用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "identify (v.)",
   "identification (n.)",
   "identifiable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "identity指身份；identify是识别、确认身份的动词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "identity"
 },
 {
  "w": "reality",
  "uk": "/riˈæləti/",
  "us": "/riˈæləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "现实；实际情况",
    "en": "The way things actually are, rather than imagined or wished."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "事实；现实存在的事物",
    "en": "Something that actually exists or happens."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The holiday looked perfect, but reality was quite different.",
    "zh": "这次假期看起来很完美，但实际情况却大不相同。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although remote work offers flexibility, the reality is that many employees struggle to separate work from personal life.",
    "zh": "虽然远程工作带来了灵活性，但现实是许多员工难以将工作与个人生活分开。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in reality｜实际上",
   "face reality｜面对现实",
   "become a reality｜成为现实",
   "virtual reality｜虚拟现实"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "real (adj.)",
   "realistic (adj.)",
   "realistically (adv.)",
   "unreal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "actuality"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fantasy",
   "illusion"
  ],
  "tip": "in reality意为“实际上”；a reality指已实现的事。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reality"
 },
 {
  "w": "lecturer",
  "uk": "/ˈlektʃərə/",
  "us": "/ˈlektʃərər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大学讲师；讲课者",
    "en": "Someone who teaches at a university or gives educational talks"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our lecturer stayed after class to explain the diagram.",
    "zh": "我们的讲师课后留下来讲解那张图。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A university lecturer can encourage critical thinking by asking students to compare evidence from different sources.",
    "zh": "大学讲师可以要求学生比较不同来源的证据，从而培养批判性思维。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "university lecturer｜大学讲师",
   "senior lecturer｜高级讲师",
   "lecturer in economics｜经济学讲师",
   "guest lecturer｜客座讲课者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lecture (n.)",
   "lecture (v.)",
   "lectureship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "instructor"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "某学科的讲师用lecturer in；不等同于教授。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lecturer"
 },
 {
  "w": "rate",
  "uk": "/reɪt/",
  "us": "/reɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "比率；速率",
    "en": "How often something happens or how quickly something changes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "费用标准；价格",
    "en": "An amount charged or paid for a particular unit."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "评价；评定等级",
    "en": "To judge the quality, value, or level of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This hotel offers a cheaper rate during the winter.",
    "zh": "这家酒店冬季的房价更便宜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities with reliable public transport often experience lower rates of car ownership, reducing congestion and improving air quality.",
    "zh": "拥有可靠公共交通的城市往往汽车拥有率较低，从而减少拥堵并改善空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unemployment rate｜失业率",
   "interest rate｜利率",
   "hourly rate｜每小时收费",
   "highly rated｜评价很高的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rating (n.)",
   "rated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rate可指比率或单位费用；评价某物用rate。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rate"
 },
 {
  "w": "overcoat",
  "uk": "/ˈəʊvəkəʊt/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊvərkoʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "长大衣；御寒外套",
    "en": "a long warm coat worn over other clothes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He pulled on his overcoat before stepping into the snow.",
    "zh": "他穿上大衣，然后走进雪地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Donating an unused overcoat to a local charity can help someone stay warm during winter.",
    "zh": "将闲置的大衣捐给当地慈善机构，可以帮助有需要的人温暖过冬。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wool overcoat｜羊毛大衣",
   "a heavy overcoat｜厚大衣",
   "put on an overcoat｜穿上大衣"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "overcoat通常指套在其他衣服外的御寒长大衣。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overcoat"
 },
 {
  "w": "lifestyle",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪfstaɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪfstaɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生活方式",
    "en": "the habits and activities that shape how someone lives"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cycling to work is part of her healthy lifestyle.",
    "zh": "骑车上班是她健康生活方式的一部分。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A sedentary lifestyle can increase health risks, particularly among people who spend long hours at desks.",
    "zh": "久坐的生活方式会增加健康风险，尤其是对长时间伏案工作的人而言。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "healthy lifestyle｜健康的生活方式",
   "sedentary lifestyle｜久坐的生活方式",
   "lifestyle changes｜生活方式的改变"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "way of life"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词：常说lead a healthy lifestyle。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lifestyle"
 },
 {
  "w": "weigh",
  "uk": "/weɪ/",
  "us": "/weɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "称……的重量",
    "en": "to measure how heavy someone or something is"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "重量为",
    "en": "to have a particular weight"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "权衡；仔细考虑",
    "en": "to consider something carefully before making a decision"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please weigh these apples before putting them in the bag.",
    "zh": "请先称一下这些苹果，再装进袋子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must weigh the economic benefits of tourism against its potential damage to local ecosystems.",
    "zh": "政府必须权衡旅游业的经济收益与其可能对当地生态系统造成的损害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "weigh yourself｜称体重",
   "weigh the options｜权衡各种选择",
   "weigh up the evidence｜仔细考虑证据",
   "weigh the benefits against the costs｜权衡收益与成本"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "weight (n.)",
   "weighty (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "measure",
   "consider"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "weigh是动词，weight是名词；表示重多少不用被动语态。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "weigh"
 },
 {
  "w": "limited",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪmɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪmɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有限的；受限制的",
    "en": "Small in amount or restricted in range"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We have limited space, so choose a smaller sofa.",
    "zh": "我们空间有限，所以选一张小一点的沙发吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students with limited access to reliable internet may struggle to participate fully in online learning.",
    "zh": "难以获得稳定网络连接的学生可能无法充分参与在线学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "limited resources｜有限的资源",
   "limited access｜受限的使用机会",
   "a limited range｜有限的范围",
   "be limited to｜仅限于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "limit (n.)",
   "limit (v.)",
   "limitation (n.)",
   "unlimited (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "restricted"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unlimited"
  ],
  "tip": "be limited to表示“仅限于”，to后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "limited"
 },
 {
  "w": "footbridge",
  "uk": "/ˈfʊtbrɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈfʊtbrɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人行桥",
    "en": "A bridge for people walking rather than vehicles."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We crossed the wooden footbridge above the stream.",
    "zh": "我们走过了小溪上的木制人行桥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building a footbridge near the station would allow pedestrians to cross the busy road safely.",
    "zh": "在车站附近修建人行桥，可以让行人安全地穿过繁忙的道路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cross a footbridge｜走过人行桥",
   "pedestrian footbridge｜人行桥",
   "wooden footbridge｜木制人行桥"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "footbridge专供行人通行，不是车辆用桥。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "footbridge"
 },
 {
  "w": "temple",
  "uk": "/ˈtempl/",
  "us": "/ˈtempl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "寺庙；神殿",
    "en": "a building used for worship in certain religions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "太阳穴",
    "en": "the flat area on either side of the forehead"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We removed our shoes before entering the temple.",
    "zh": "我们进入寺庙前脱了鞋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring an ancient temple can preserve local heritage while attracting visitors interested in history and architecture.",
    "zh": "修复古庙既可以保护当地遗产，也能吸引对历史和建筑感兴趣的游客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an ancient temple｜古庙",
   "a Buddhist temple｜佛寺",
   "temple ruins｜寺庙遗址",
   "rub your temples｜揉太阳穴"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示太阳穴时，常用复数temples指两侧。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "temple"
 },
 {
  "w": "sunlight",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌnlaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌnlaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阳光；日光",
    "en": "the natural light that comes from the sun"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Warm sunlight streamed through the window onto my desk.",
    "zh": "温暖的阳光透过窗户洒在我的书桌上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Designing classrooms to receive more natural sunlight may improve students' comfort and reduce electricity use.",
    "zh": "让教室获得更多自然光的设计可能提高学生的舒适度，并减少用电。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "direct sunlight｜阳光直射",
   "bright sunlight｜明亮的阳光",
   "exposure to sunlight｜日光照射"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sun (n.)",
   "sunny (adj.)",
   "sunlit (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sunshine"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；in direct sunlight表示在阳光直射下。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sunlight"
 },
 {
  "w": "swan",
  "uk": "/swɒn/",
  "us": "/swɑːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天鹅",
    "en": "A large waterbird with a long neck, usually white"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A white swan glided silently across the lake.",
    "zh": "一只白天鹅悄无声息地游过湖面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting wetland habitats benefits swan populations while also preserving the wider ecosystems on which many other species depend.",
    "zh": "保护湿地栖息地有益于天鹅种群，同时也能保护许多其他物种赖以生存的更广泛生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of swans｜一对天鹅",
   "a swan's nest｜天鹅的巢",
   "black swan｜黑天鹅"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，复数swans；幼天鹅称cygnet。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "swan"
 },
 {
  "w": "trophy",
  "uk": "/ˈtrəʊfi/",
  "us": "/ˈtroʊfi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奖杯；奖品",
    "en": "An object awarded to someone for winning a competition."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "战利品；胜利纪念品",
    "en": "An object kept as evidence or a reminder of victory."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our team lifted the trophy as the crowd cheered.",
    "zh": "观众欢呼时，我们队举起了奖杯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although winning a trophy can motivate young athletes, participation should also develop teamwork and personal resilience.",
    "zh": "虽然赢得奖杯可以激励年轻运动员，但参与运动也应培养团队精神和个人韧性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "win a trophy｜赢得奖杯",
   "lift the trophy｜举起奖杯",
   "a trophy cabinet｜奖杯陈列柜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "prize",
   "award"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为trophies；IELTS中主要作名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trophy"
 },
 {
  "w": "treat",
  "uk": "/triːt/",
  "us": "/triːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "对待；看待",
    "en": "Behave towards someone or consider something in a particular way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "治疗；医治",
    "en": "Use medicine or other care to help an illness improve."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乐事；特别款待",
    "en": "Something enjoyable that you do not have very often."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours treat their rescue dog with great kindness.",
    "zh": "邻居们对他们收养的狗十分友善。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should treat all applicants fairly and assess their suitability using relevant skills rather than personal background.",
    "zh": "雇主应公平对待所有求职者，依据相关技能而非个人背景评估他们是否适合岗位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "treat someone with respect｜尊重某人",
   "treat something as｜将某事视为",
   "treat a disease｜治疗疾病",
   "a special treat｜特别的享受"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "treatment (n.)",
   "treatable (adj.)",
   "untreated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "treat someone to a meal表示请某人吃饭。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "treat"
 },
 {
  "w": "silk",
  "uk": "/sɪlk/",
  "us": "/sɪlk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蚕丝；丝绸",
    "en": "Fine thread produced by silkworms, or fabric made from it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wrapped a soft silk scarf around her neck.",
    "zh": "她把一条柔软的丝巾围在脖子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional silk production provides employment in rural communities while preserving skills passed down through generations.",
    "zh": "传统丝绸生产为农村社区提供就业机会，同时保留了代代相传的技艺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "silk scarf｜丝巾",
   "pure silk｜真丝",
   "silk production｜丝绸生产"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "silky (adj.)",
   "silkworm (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "silk通常不可数；silky指柔滑如丝，不一定是丝制。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "silk"
 },
 {
  "w": "deserve",
  "uk": "/dɪˈzɜːv/",
  "us": "/dɪˈzɝːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "应得；值得",
    "en": "To have earned something because of your actions or qualities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You deserve a rest after carrying those heavy boxes.",
    "zh": "搬了那些沉重的箱子后，你该休息一下了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Healthcare workers deserve greater recognition because their dedication contributes directly to the wellbeing of society.",
    "zh": "医护人员值得获得更多认可，因为他们的奉献直接促进了社会福祉。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deserve praise｜值得表扬",
   "deserve attention｜值得关注",
   "deserve to win｜理应获胜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deserving (adj.)",
   "undeserved (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "merit"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "接名词或to do；不用deserve doing表示主动。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deserve"
 },
 {
  "w": "mental",
  "uk": "/ˈmentəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmentəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "精神的；心理的",
    "en": "Relating to the mind and emotional wellbeing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "脑力的；在头脑中进行的",
    "en": "Using thought rather than physical action or written calculation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A quiet walk helps me protect my mental health.",
    "zh": "安静地散步有助于我保持心理健康。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should give mental wellbeing the same priority as physical safety when designing workplace policies.",
    "zh": "雇主制定职场政策时，应将心理健康与人身安全放在同等重要的位置。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mental health｜心理健康",
   "mental wellbeing｜心理幸福感",
   "mental arithmetic｜心算",
   "mental effort｜脑力付出"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mentally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "psychological"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "physical"
  ],
  "tip": "mental侧重心理或脑力；口语中形容人疯狂可能冒犯。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mental"
 },
 {
  "w": "screwdriver",
  "uk": "/ˈskruːˌdraɪvə/",
  "us": "/ˈskruːˌdraɪvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "螺丝刀；改锥",
    "en": "A tool used to turn screws into or out of objects."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Pass me the screwdriver so I can tighten this handle.",
    "zh": "把螺丝刀递给我，我来把这个把手拧紧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching students to use basic tools, such as a screwdriver, can encourage practical skills and greater independence.",
    "zh": "教学生使用螺丝刀等基本工具，可以培养动手能力并增强独立性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a flat-head screwdriver｜一字螺丝刀",
   "a cross-head screwdriver｜十字螺丝刀",
   "a screwdriver set｜一套螺丝刀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "screw (n.)",
   "screw (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "screw是螺丝；screwdriver是拧螺丝的工具。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "screwdriver"
 },
 {
  "w": "recommend",
  "uk": "/ˌrekəˈmend/",
  "us": "/ˌrekəˈmend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推荐；介绍",
    "en": "To suggest someone or something as a good choice."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "建议；劝告",
    "en": "To advise someone that a particular action would be beneficial."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you recommend a quiet café near the station?",
    "zh": "你能推荐一家车站附近安静的咖啡馆吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Health experts recommend regular exercise to reduce stress and improve overall physical and mental wellbeing.",
    "zh": "健康专家建议经常运动，以减轻压力并改善整体身心健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "highly recommend｜强烈推荐",
   "recommend a book｜推荐一本书",
   "recommend doing something｜建议做某事",
   "recommend someone for a job｜推荐某人担任某职"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recommendation (n.)",
   "recommended (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "suggest",
   "advise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用recommend doing或recommend that从句。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recommend"
 },
 {
  "w": "deposit",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpɒzɪt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈpɑːzɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "订金；押金；存款",
    "en": "money paid in advance, held as security, or banked"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "存入；放置；使沉积",
    "en": "to put money or material somewhere for keeping or accumulation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "沉积物；矿床",
    "en": "material that builds up naturally in a place"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We paid a deposit before moving into the flat.",
    "zh": "我们搬进公寓前交了押金。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Requiring a refundable deposit on drink containers can encourage recycling and reduce waste in public spaces.",
    "zh": "对饮料容器收取可退还的押金，可以鼓励回收利用，减少公共场所的垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pay a deposit｜支付订金或押金",
   "refundable deposit｜可退还的押金",
   "deposit money｜存钱",
   "mineral deposits｜矿床"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "depositor (n.)",
   "deposition (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "withdrawal"
  ],
  "tip": "订金是预付款；押金作担保；银行存款也用deposit。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deposit"
 },
 {
  "w": "drown",
  "uk": "/draʊn/",
  "us": "/draʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "溺死；使淹死",
    "en": "To die, or cause death, by being unable to breathe underwater."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "盖过；淹没",
    "en": "To cover a sound with a much louder sound."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She nearly drowned when her boat overturned in the lake.",
    "zh": "她的船在湖里翻了，她差点溺水身亡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public safety campaigns can reduce the risk of children drowning by encouraging swimming lessons and adult supervision.",
    "zh": "公共安全宣传可以通过鼓励儿童学习游泳和成人看护，降低儿童溺亡风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "drown out a voice｜盖过说话声",
   "nearly drown｜差点溺亡",
   "drown in paperwork｜陷入文书工作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drowning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "drown指溺死，不只是落水；盖过声音常加out。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drown"
 },
 {
  "w": "section",
  "uk": "/ˈsekʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈsekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "部分；章节；区域",
    "en": "A distinct part of something larger."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "截面；切片",
    "en": "A surface or thin piece exposed by cutting through something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "划分；切成片",
    "en": "To divide something into parts or cut it into slices."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You'll find fresh bread in the bakery section.",
    "zh": "你可以在烘焙区找到新鲜面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The final section of the report examines how urban design can encourage healthier lifestyles.",
    "zh": "报告的最后一部分探讨了城市设计如何促进更健康的生活方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a section of｜…的一部分",
   "final section｜最后一部分",
   "cross section｜横截面",
   "section off｜隔开"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sectional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "part",
   "portion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "section可指文章章节，也可指商店等场所的区域。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "section"
 },
 {
  "w": "collection",
  "uk": "/kəˈlekʃən/",
  "us": "/kəˈlekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "收藏品；一批物品",
    "en": "a group of objects kept or presented together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "收集；收取",
    "en": "the act of gathering or taking things away"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "募捐；募集的款项",
    "en": "the gathering of money from people for a purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt keeps her shell collection in a cabinet.",
    "zh": "我姑姑把她收藏的贝壳放在柜子里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular household waste collection is essential for protecting public health and maintaining a clean urban environment.",
    "zh": "定期收运生活垃圾对于保护公众健康和保持城市环境整洁至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a collection of｜一批；一组",
   "data collection｜数据收集",
   "waste collection｜垃圾收运",
   "make a collection｜进行募捐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "collect (v.)",
   "collector (n.)",
   "collectible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a collection of后接复数名词，表示一批相关物品。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "collection"
 },
 {
  "w": "booking",
  "uk": "/ˈbʊkɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈbʊkɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预订；预约",
    "en": "An arrangement to reserve a room, seat, or service."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I called the hotel to confirm our booking.",
    "zh": "我打电话给酒店确认我们的预订。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online booking systems allow tourists to compare accommodation prices and plan their journeys more efficiently.",
    "zh": "在线预订系统让游客能够比较住宿价格，更高效地规划行程。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a booking｜进行预订",
   "confirm a booking｜确认预订",
   "cancel a booking｜取消预订",
   "advance booking｜提前预订"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "book (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reservation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "booking是可数名词；预订某项服务常用booking for。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "booking"
 },
 {
  "w": "medium",
  "uk": "/ˈmiːdiəm/",
  "us": "/ˈmiːdiəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "中等的",
    "en": "Between small and large, or between low and high."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "媒介；传播手段",
    "en": "A means of communicating information or expressing ideas."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cook the vegetables over medium heat until soft.",
    "zh": "用中火把蔬菜煮软。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Film is an effective medium for exploring social issues and encouraging discussion among young people.",
    "zh": "电影是探索社会问题并促进年轻人讨论的有效媒介。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "medium heat｜中火",
   "medium size｜中等尺寸",
   "a medium of communication｜传播媒介"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "media (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作“媒介”时，复数通常为media。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "medium"
 },
 {
  "w": "fisherman",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪʃəmən/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪʃərmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "渔民；钓鱼者",
    "en": "someone who catches fish for work or pleasure"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The fisherman pulled his net onto the wooden boat.",
    "zh": "渔民把渔网拉上了木船。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each fisherman in the coastal village depends on healthy marine ecosystems to maintain a reliable income.",
    "zh": "这个沿海村庄的每位渔民都依靠健康的海洋生态系统来维持稳定收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local fishermen｜当地渔民",
   "commercial fishermen｜商业捕捞渔民",
   "a fishing boat｜渔船"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fish (n.)",
   "fish (v.)",
   "fishing (n.)",
   "fishery (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fisher"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为fishermen；中性表达可用fisher。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fisherman"
 },
 {
  "w": "unforgettable",
  "uk": "/ˌʌnfəˈɡetəbl/",
  "us": "/ˌʌnfərˈɡetəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "难以忘怀的",
    "en": "so special or powerful that you will always remember it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Watching whales from the boat was an unforgettable experience.",
    "zh": "在船上看鲸鱼是一次难忘的经历。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School trips can provide unforgettable experiences that strengthen students' understanding of history beyond the classroom.",
    "zh": "学校组织的旅行能带来难忘的体验，让学生在课堂之外加深对历史的理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an unforgettable experience｜难忘的经历",
   "an unforgettable moment｜难忘的时刻",
   "an unforgettable journey｜难忘的旅程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "forget (v.)",
   "forgettable (adj.)",
   "forgetful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "memorable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "forgettable"
  ],
  "tip": "形容经历令人难忘；forgetful指人健忘。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unforgettable"
 },
 {
  "w": "advertise",
  "uk": "/ˈædvətaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈædvɚtaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为…做广告；登广告",
    "en": "To promote products, services or events through public messages."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "登广告征求或招聘",
    "en": "To announce publicly that someone or something is wanted."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery advertises its fresh bread on local radio.",
    "zh": "这家面包店在当地电台为自家的新鲜面包做广告。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should restrict how companies advertise sugary snacks to children, who may not recognise persuasive marketing techniques.",
    "zh": "政府应限制企业向儿童宣传高糖零食的方式，因为儿童可能无法识别具有诱导性的营销手法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "advertise a product｜为产品做广告",
   "advertise for staff｜登广告招聘员工",
   "advertise online｜在网上做广告"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "advertisement (n.)",
   "advertising (n.)",
   "advertiser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "promote",
   "publicise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "advertise产品指宣传；advertise for人指登广告招聘。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "advertise"
 },
 {
  "w": "bandage",
  "uk": "/ˈbændɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈbændɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "绷带",
    "en": "A strip of material wrapped around an injury for protection."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用绷带包扎",
    "en": "To wrap an injured body part in a bandage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse wrapped a clean bandage around my ankle.",
    "zh": "护士用干净的绷带包住了我的脚踝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Basic first aid courses teach people how to apply a bandage safely before professional help arrives.",
    "zh": "基础急救课程教人们如何在专业救援到来前安全地使用绷带。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apply a bandage｜包扎绷带",
   "change a bandage｜更换绷带",
   "bandage a wound｜包扎伤口"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既是名词也是动词；bandage a wound意为包扎伤口。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bandage"
 },
 {
  "w": "coconut",
  "uk": "/ˈkəʊkənʌt/",
  "us": "/ˈkoʊkənʌt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "椰子",
    "en": "A large tropical fruit with a hard shell and white flesh."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "椰肉",
    "en": "The white flesh of a coconut, used as food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared a fresh coconut beside the beach.",
    "zh": "我们在海滩边分着吃了一个新鲜椰子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal farmers can earn additional income by processing coconut shells into useful household products.",
    "zh": "沿海农民可以通过将椰壳加工成实用的家居用品来增加收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "coconut milk｜椰奶",
   "coconut water｜椰子水",
   "coconut oil｜椰子油",
   "coconut shell｜椰壳"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指整颗椰子可数，指椰肉通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coconut"
 },
 {
  "w": "benefit",
  "uk": "/ˈbenɪfɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈbenɪfɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "好处；益处",
    "en": "a helpful or positive effect of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使受益；得益于",
    "en": "to help someone or receive help or an advantage"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "福利金；补助金",
    "en": "money provided by the government to people needing support"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One benefit of cycling is arriving home feeling refreshed.",
    "zh": "骑车的一个好处是到家时感觉神清气爽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rural communities can benefit from improved internet access through greater opportunities for education and employment.",
    "zh": "更好的互联网接入能增加教育和就业机会，让农村社区受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "health benefits｜健康益处",
   "benefit from｜从……中受益",
   "unemployment benefit｜失业救济金",
   "mutual benefit｜互利"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "beneficial (adj.)",
   "beneficiary (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "advantage",
   "gain"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disadvantage"
  ],
  "tip": "benefit sb指使某人受益；benefit from指得益于。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "benefit"
 },
 {
  "w": "fence",
  "uk": "/fens/",
  "us": "/fens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "栅栏；围栏",
    "en": "A barrier enclosing land or separating areas."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用栅栏围住",
    "en": "To surround or divide an area with a fence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "击剑",
    "en": "To fight with special swords as a sport."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our dog watched the neighbours through the wooden fence.",
    "zh": "我们的狗透过木栅栏看着邻居。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing fences around protected habitats can reduce conflict between local farmers and endangered wildlife.",
    "zh": "在受保护栖息地周围安装围栏，可以减少当地农民与濒危野生动物之间的冲突。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wooden fence｜木栅栏",
   "put up a fence｜竖起围栏",
   "fence off an area｜用围栏隔开一片区域"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fencing (n.)",
   "fencer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sit on the fence比喻保持中立、不表态。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fence"
 },
 {
  "w": "court",
  "uk": "/kɔːt/",
  "us": "/kɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "法院；法庭",
    "en": "a place or institution where legal cases are heard"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "球场",
    "en": "an area for playing sports such as tennis or basketball"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "设法获得；招致",
    "en": "to seek something desirable or risk something harmful"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She will appear in court on Monday morning.",
    "zh": "她将于星期一上午出庭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local councils should provide public tennis courts so that more residents can exercise regularly.",
    "zh": "地方议会应提供公共网球场，让更多居民能够经常锻炼。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go to court｜上法庭",
   "tennis court｜网球场",
   "court disaster｜招致灾难"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "courtroom (n.)",
   "courthouse (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in court指在法庭上；on court指在球场上。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "court"
 },
 {
  "w": "impressive",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpresɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpresɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人赞叹的；令人钦佩的",
    "en": "Causing admiration because of exceptional quality, size, or skill."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You made an impressive cake for your first attempt.",
    "zh": "你第一次尝试就做出了这么出色的蛋糕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The region has made impressive progress in expanding access to clean water over the past decade.",
    "zh": "过去十年，该地区在扩大清洁用水覆盖范围方面取得了显著进展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "impressive achievement｜令人赞叹的成就",
   "impressive progress｜显著的进步",
   "impressive performance｜出色的表现"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "impress (v.)",
   "impression (n.)",
   "impressed (adj.)",
   "impressively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "remarkable",
   "striking"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unimpressive"
  ],
  "tip": "事物令人赞叹用impressive；人感到佩服用impressed。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "impressive"
 },
 {
  "w": "plenty",
  "uk": "/ˈplenti/",
  "us": "/ˈplenti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "大量；充足",
    "en": "Enough or more than enough of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "很；足够地",
    "en": "To a sufficient degree or a large extent."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "富足；丰裕",
    "en": "A state in which resources are abundant."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is plenty of soup left for everyone.",
    "zh": "剩下的汤足够大家喝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although cities offer plenty of employment opportunities, high housing costs can discourage young workers from moving there.",
    "zh": "尽管城市提供大量就业机会，高昂的住房成本仍可能让年轻劳动者不愿迁入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plenty of time｜充裕的时间",
   "plenty of opportunities｜大量机会",
   "plenty more｜多得多",
   "a time of plenty｜富足的时期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plentiful (adj.)",
   "plentifully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "abundance"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "scarcity"
  ],
  "tip": "plenty of后接复数可数名词或不可数名词，无须加a。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plenty"
 },
 {
  "w": "variety",
  "uk": "/vəˈraɪəti/",
  "us": "/vəˈraɪəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "多样化；变化",
    "en": "the presence of different things rather than only one kind"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "种类；品种",
    "en": "a particular type of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We add variety to lunch with different colourful vegetables.",
    "zh": "我们用各种色彩鲜艳的蔬菜让午餐更丰富。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should offer a wide variety of activities to support students with different interests.",
    "zh": "学校应提供丰富多样的活动，以支持兴趣各异的学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wide variety of｜各种各样的",
   "add variety to｜使……更加多样",
   "a variety of reasons｜多种原因",
   "a new variety｜新品种"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vary (v.)",
   "various (adj.)",
   "varied (adj.)",
   "variation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "diversity",
   "type"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uniformity"
  ],
  "tip": "多样性为不可数义；表示一种品种时可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "variety"
 },
 {
  "w": "chew",
  "uk": "/tʃuː/",
  "us": "/tʃuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "咀嚼；啃咬",
    "en": "Break food into smaller pieces with your teeth"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "咀嚼",
    "en": "An act of biting something repeatedly with your teeth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please chew your food slowly before you swallow it.",
    "zh": "请慢慢咀嚼食物，然后再咽下去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children should be encouraged to chew food thoroughly and develop healthy eating habits from an early age.",
    "zh": "应鼓励儿童充分咀嚼食物，从小养成健康的饮食习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chew food｜咀嚼食物",
   "chew gum｜嚼口香糖",
   "chew thoroughly｜充分咀嚼",
   "chew something over｜仔细考虑某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chewy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "masticate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "chew是咀嚼，swallow是吞咽；chew over指细想。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chew"
 },
 {
  "w": "hopefully",
  "uk": "/ˈhəʊpfəli/",
  "us": "/ˈhoʊpfəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "但愿；希望如此",
    "en": "Used to express what you hope will happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "满怀希望地",
    "en": "In a way that shows hope."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Hopefully, the weather will stay dry for our walk.",
    "zh": "但愿我们散步时天气能保持晴好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hopefully, improvements in cycling infrastructure will encourage more residents to leave their cars at home.",
    "zh": "希望自行车基础设施的改善能鼓励更多居民放弃开车出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hopefully soon｜但愿很快",
   "look hopefully at｜满怀希望地看着",
   "wait hopefully｜满怀希望地等待"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hope (n.)",
   "hope (v.)",
   "hopeful (adj.)",
   "hopeless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "句首常表示“但愿”，不表示某事一定会发生。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hopefully"
 },
 {
  "w": "Christian",
  "uk": "/ˈkrɪstʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈkrɪstʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "基督教的；信基督教的",
    "en": "relating to Christianity or its followers"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "基督徒",
    "en": "a person who follows the religion based on Jesus Christ"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbour attends a Christian church near the park.",
    "zh": "我们的邻居去公园附近的一座基督教堂做礼拜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Christian charities, alongside other religious and secular organisations, provide essential support for vulnerable communities in many countries.",
    "zh": "在许多国家，基督教慈善机构与其他宗教及世俗组织一起，为弱势群体提供重要支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Christian church｜基督教会；基督教堂",
   "Christian faith｜基督教信仰",
   "Christian community｜基督徒群体"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Christianity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "无论作名词还是形容词，首字母都要大写。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "christian"
 },
 {
  "w": "purpose",
  "uk": "/ˈpɜːpəs/",
  "us": "/ˈpɜːrpəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "目的；用途",
    "en": "the reason for doing something or what something is intended for"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "目标感；使命感",
    "en": "a feeling of having meaningful aims in life"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "What is the purpose of this tiny kitchen tool?",
    "zh": "这个小小的厨房工具是做什么用的？"
   },
   {
    "en": "The main purpose of public libraries is to provide equal access to information and learning opportunities.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆的主要目的是让人们平等地获取信息和学习机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "main purpose｜主要目的",
   "serve a purpose｜起作用",
   "on purpose｜故意地",
   "a sense of purpose｜目标感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "purposeful (adj.)",
   "purposeless (adj.)",
   "purposely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "aim",
   "objective",
   "intention"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on purpose意为“故意地”，不是“有目的地”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "purpose"
 },
 {
  "w": "pollution",
  "uk": "/pəˈluːʃən/",
  "us": "/pəˈluːʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "污染",
    "en": "damage to the environment caused by harmful substances or energy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Air pollution makes the distant hills difficult to see.",
    "zh": "空气污染让远处的山丘难以看清。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing pollution requires governments to regulate industrial emissions while encouraging cleaner transport and more sustainable production methods.",
    "zh": "减少污染需要政府监管工业排放，同时鼓励更清洁的交通方式和更可持续的生产方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "air pollution｜空气污染",
   "water pollution｜水污染",
   "noise pollution｜噪声污染",
   "reduce pollution｜减少污染"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pollute (v.)",
   "pollutant (n.)",
   "polluted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "contamination"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pollution不可数；具体污染物用pollutant。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pollution"
 },
 {
  "w": "central",
  "uk": "/ˈsentrəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsentrəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "中心的；中央的",
    "en": "in or near the middle of a place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "核心的；最重要的",
    "en": "extremely important or essential to something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our apartment is central, so we walk to most places.",
    "zh": "我们的公寓位于市中心，因此去大多数地方都步行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to reliable information is central to helping citizens make informed decisions about public health.",
    "zh": "获取可靠信息对于帮助公民就公共卫生作出明智决定至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "central location｜中心位置",
   "central government｜中央政府",
   "a central role｜核心作用",
   "central to｜对……至关重要"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "centrally (adv.)",
   "centre (n.)",
   "centralise (v.)",
   "centralisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "peripheral"
  ],
  "tip": "central to表示“对……至关重要”，介词用to。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "central"
 },
 {
  "w": "wheelchair",
  "uk": "/ˈwiːltʃeə/",
  "us": "/ˈwiːltʃer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轮椅",
    "en": "A wheeled chair used by someone who has difficulty walking."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She rolled her wheelchair up the ramp into the library.",
    "zh": "她推着轮椅沿坡道进入了图书馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public buildings should provide step-free entrances and spacious lifts so that wheelchair users can move around independently.",
    "zh": "公共建筑应提供无台阶入口和宽敞的电梯，让轮椅使用者能够独立通行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wheelchair user｜轮椅使用者",
   "electric wheelchair｜电动轮椅",
   "wheelchair access｜轮椅通行条件"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "说a wheelchair user，避免用带有束缚意味的表达。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wheelchair"
 },
 {
  "w": "junction",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒʌŋkʃn/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒʌŋkʃn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "道路交叉口；连接处",
    "en": "A place where roads, railway lines, or other things meet."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Turn left at the junction beside the bakery.",
    "zh": "在面包店旁的路口左转。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing better lighting at busy junctions could reduce accidents involving cyclists and pedestrians.",
    "zh": "在繁忙路口安装更好的照明设施，可以减少涉及骑行者和行人的事故。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "road junction｜道路交叉口",
   "railway junction｜铁路枢纽",
   "busy junction｜繁忙路口"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "intersection"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常用junction，美式路口常说intersection。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "junction"
 },
 {
  "w": "campaign",
  "uk": "/kæmˈpeɪn/",
  "us": "/kæmˈpeɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "有组织的运动；宣传活动",
    "en": "A series of organised activities aimed at achieving a goal"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开展运动；参加活动",
    "en": "To organise or take part in activities supporting a cause"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "战役",
    "en": "A series of military operations with a particular objective"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our school launched a campaign to reduce food waste.",
    "zh": "我们学校发起了一项减少食物浪费的活动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns can encourage healthier habits, especially when supported by affordable access to nutritious food.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传活动能促进更健康的习惯，尤其是在居民能够负担并获得营养食物的情况下。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "launch a campaign｜发起活动",
   "an advertising campaign｜广告宣传活动",
   "campaign for reform｜为改革开展运动",
   "campaign against pollution｜开展反污染运动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "campaigner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "drive"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词后接for表示争取，接against表示反对。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "campaign"
 },
 {
  "w": "bitter",
  "uk": "/ˈbɪt.ə/",
  "us": "/ˈbɪt̬.ɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "苦的",
    "en": "having a sharp taste like strong unsweetened coffee"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "愤愤不平的；怨恨的",
    "en": "angry and resentful because of unfair treatment or disappointment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "激烈的；充满敌意的",
    "en": "involving strong anger and hostility"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The coffee tasted too bitter without milk or sugar.",
    "zh": "这咖啡不加奶或糖，喝起来太苦了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Proposals to close local libraries have sparked bitter disputes between residents and local authorities.",
    "zh": "关闭当地图书馆的提议引发了居民与地方政府之间的激烈争议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bitter taste｜苦味",
   "bitter about｜对……耿耿于怀",
   "a bitter dispute｜激烈的争议",
   "bitter disappointment｜极度失望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bitterness (n.)",
   "bitterly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "resentful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sweet"
  ],
  "tip": "味觉上的bitter是苦，sour是酸，别混淆。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bitter"
 },
 {
  "w": "overnight",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈnaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvərˈnaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在夜间；过夜",
    "en": "during the night or for one night"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "突然；一夜之间",
    "en": "very quickly or suddenly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "夜间的；供一夜的",
    "en": "happening during or lasting for one night"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed overnight at a small hotel near the station.",
    "zh": "我们在车站附近的一家小旅馆住了一夜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport can improve urban mobility, but meaningful changes rarely happen overnight.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通可以改善城市出行，但实质性变化很少能一夜实现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stay overnight｜过夜",
   "overnight success｜一夜成名",
   "overnight flight｜夜间航班"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表“一夜之间”时，常强调变化快，不一定真是一夜。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overnight"
 },
 {
  "w": "universe",
  "uk": "/ˈjuːnɪvɜːs/",
  "us": "/ˈjuːnɪvɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宇宙",
    "en": "All space and everything that exists within it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "独特的世界；体系",
    "en": "A complete world of experiences, ideas, or imagined events"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a film about stars and the universe.",
    "zh": "我们看了一部关于恒星和宇宙的电影。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Research into the origins of the universe has driven advances in telescope technology and data analysis.",
    "zh": "对宇宙起源的研究推动了望远镜技术和数据分析的进步。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the expanding universe｜不断膨胀的宇宙",
   "the origins of the universe｜宇宙的起源",
   "a parallel universe｜平行宇宙",
   "the observable universe｜可观测宇宙"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "universal (adj.)",
   "universally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cosmos"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指宇宙通常用the universe；开头是辅音音素/j/。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "universe"
 },
 {
  "w": "background",
  "uk": "/ˈbækɡraʊnd/",
  "us": "/ˈbækɡraʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "出身；经历；背景",
    "en": "The family, education, and experience that shape someone's life"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "背景情况",
    "en": "Information or events needed to understand a situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "背景；后景",
    "en": "The part of a scene behind the main subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her background in nursing helped her care for Grandpa.",
    "zh": "她的护理经历帮助她照顾爷爷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should provide equal opportunities for applicants from different social backgrounds, regardless of their family income.",
    "zh": "大学应为来自不同社会背景的申请者提供平等机会，不论其家庭收入如何。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a professional background｜职业背景",
   "background information｜背景资料",
   "in the background｜在背景中",
   "a disadvantaged background｜弱势家庭背景"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "foreground"
  ],
  "tip": "经历领域用background in；背景中用in the background。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "background"
 },
 {
  "w": "direct",
  "uk": "/dəˈrekt/",
  "us": "/dəˈrekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "直接的；直达的",
    "en": "Without anything or anyone coming between."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "指导；指挥；导演",
    "en": "To guide or control an activity, performance, or group."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "指路；将……指向",
    "en": "To show the way or aim something towards a place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a direct train from here to the airport.",
    "zh": "这里有直达机场的火车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved public transport can have a direct impact on employment by connecting residents with more job opportunities.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通能让居民获得更多就业机会，从而对就业产生直接影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "direct contact｜直接接触",
   "a direct flight｜直达航班",
   "direct a film｜导演电影",
   "direct attention to｜将注意力转向"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "directly (adv.)",
   "direction (n.)",
   "director (n.)",
   "indirect (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "indirect"
  ],
  "tip": "direct可作形容词或动词；常见读音也有/daɪˈrekt/。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "direct"
 },
 {
  "w": "shore",
  "uk": "/ʃɔː/",
  "us": "/ʃɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "岸；滨",
    "en": "the land along the edge of a sea or lake"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "支撑；支持",
    "en": "to support something weak or likely to fail, with up"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We left our shoes on the shore and went swimming.",
    "zh": "我们把鞋留在岸边，然后去游泳了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Construction near the shore should be carefully controlled to protect coastal habitats from permanent damage.",
    "zh": "应严格管控岸边的建设活动，以保护沿海栖息地免受永久性破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on the shore｜在岸边",
   "reach the shore｜到达岸边",
   "shore up confidence｜增强信心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shoreline (n.)",
   "offshore (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "shore多指海、湖岸；河岸通常用bank。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shore"
 },
 {
  "w": "rescue",
  "uk": "/ˈreskjuː/",
  "us": "/ˈreskjuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "营救；解救",
    "en": "To save someone or something from danger or difficulty."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "营救；救援行动",
    "en": "An act of saving someone or something from danger."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Firefighters rescued a kitten from the roof this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，消防员从屋顶救下了一只小猫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal communities need well-equipped teams to rescue residents when severe flooding blocks roads and damages homes.",
    "zh": "沿海社区需要装备精良的队伍，在严重洪灾阻断道路、损坏房屋时营救居民。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rescue someone from｜从……中救出某人",
   "a rescue team｜救援队",
   "a rescue operation｜救援行动",
   "come to the rescue｜前来解围"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rescuer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "save"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用rescue sb from sth，表示从险境中救出某人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rescue"
 },
 {
  "w": "smooth",
  "uk": "/smuːð/",
  "us": "/smuːð/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "光滑的；平整的",
    "en": "having an even surface without rough areas or bumps"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "顺利的；平稳的",
    "en": "happening without problems, interruptions, or sudden movements"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使平整；抚平",
    "en": "to make a surface even or remove its wrinkles"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This stone feels smooth and cool in my hand.",
    "zh": "这块石头握在手里又光滑又凉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear communication between departments is essential for a smooth transition to a new working system.",
    "zh": "部门之间清晰的沟通对于顺利过渡到新的工作制度至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "smooth surface｜光滑表面",
   "smooth transition｜平稳过渡",
   "smooth operation｜顺畅运转",
   "smooth out wrinkles｜抚平褶皱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "smoothly (adv.)",
   "smoothness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "even"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rough"
  ],
  "tip": "末尾th读浊音/ð/；smoothly常形容事情进展顺利。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "smooth"
 },
 {
  "w": "cheque/check",
  "uk": "/tʃek/",
  "us": "/tʃek/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "支票",
    "en": "A written instruction asking a bank to pay a specified amount."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother sent me a cheque for my birthday.",
    "zh": "奶奶寄给我一张支票作为生日礼物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although digital payments are increasingly common, some businesses still accept a cheque from customers.",
    "zh": "尽管数字支付日益普及，一些企业仍接受顾客用支票付款。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pay by cheque｜用支票付款",
   "write a check｜开支票",
   "cash a cheque｜兑现支票",
   "a bounced check｜被退回的支票"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "支票英式拼写为cheque，美式为check，读音相同。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "并列英美拼写，并非单一词头。",
  "id": "cheque-check"
 },
 {
  "w": "container",
  "uk": "/kənˈteɪnə/",
  "us": "/kənˈteɪnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "容器",
    "en": "an object used to hold or store things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "集装箱",
    "en": "a large metal box used to transport goods"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep the leftover rice in a container with a lid.",
    "zh": "把剩米饭放在有盖的容器里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reusable food containers can reduce household waste when people use them instead of disposable packaging.",
    "zh": "人们用可重复使用的食品容器代替一次性包装，可以减少家庭垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "airtight container｜密封容器",
   "food container｜食品容器",
   "shipping container｜海运集装箱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contain (v.)",
   "containment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指盛装东西的容器；运输语境常指集装箱。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "container"
 },
 {
  "w": "ban",
  "uk": "/bæn/",
  "us": "/bæn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "禁止；取缔",
    "en": "To officially forbid an activity or the use of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "禁令",
    "en": "An official rule that forbids something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The library bans food near its public computers.",
    "zh": "图书馆禁止在公用电脑附近吃东西。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should ban misleading advertisements that encourage consumers to purchase products with unproven health benefits.",
    "zh": "政府应禁止诱导消费者购买健康功效未经证实的产品的误导性广告。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ban smoking｜禁止吸烟",
   "a ban on something｜对某事物的禁令",
   "impose a ban｜实施禁令",
   "lift a ban｜解除禁令"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "prohibit",
   "forbid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "allow",
   "permit"
  ],
  "tip": "ban doing；ban sb from doing；过去式banned。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ban"
 },
 {
  "w": "portrait",
  "uk": "/ˈpɔːtreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈpɔːrtrət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肖像；肖像照",
    "en": "a painting, drawing, or photograph of a person"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "描绘；描述",
    "en": "a detailed description of a person, place, or situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother's portrait hangs above the living room fireplace.",
    "zh": "我祖母的肖像挂在客厅壁炉上方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The documentary offers a compelling portrait of rural life as younger generations move to urban areas.",
    "zh": "这部纪录片生动描绘了年轻一代迁往城市背景下的乡村生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "paint a portrait｜画肖像",
   "a family portrait｜全家福",
   "a vivid portrait｜生动的描绘",
   "portrait photography｜人像摄影"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "portraiture (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "portrait以人物为主体；landscape多指风景画或照片。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "portrait"
 },
 {
  "w": "tap",
  "uk": "/tæp/",
  "us": "/tæp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水龙头",
    "en": "a device that controls water flowing from a pipe"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "轻敲；轻拍",
    "en": "to touch or hit something lightly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开发利用",
    "en": "to use an available source of energy, knowledge, or resources"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please turn off the tap while brushing your teeth.",
    "zh": "刷牙时请关上水龙头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities can tap local expertise to develop practical solutions to environmental problems affecting nearby communities.",
    "zh": "大学可以利用当地的专业知识，为影响周边社区的环境问题制定切实可行的解决方案。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tap water｜自来水",
   "turn off the tap｜关上水龙头",
   "tap someone on the shoulder｜轻拍某人的肩膀",
   "tap into resources｜利用资源"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "faucet"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "水龙头在美式英语中常称faucet。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tap"
 },
 {
  "w": "pony",
  "uk": "/ˈpəʊni/",
  "us": "/ˈpoʊni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "矮种马；小型马",
    "en": "A horse of a small breed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The little pony gently ate a carrot from my hand.",
    "zh": "那匹小矮种马轻轻地吃着我手里的胡萝卜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Supervised pony riding can help children develop confidence while teaching them how to care responsibly for animals.",
    "zh": "在指导下骑矮种马可以帮助儿童建立信心，同时教会他们负责任地照顾动物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ride a pony｜骑矮种马",
   "pony riding｜骑矮种马活动",
   "a Shetland pony｜设得兰矮种马"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pony指小型品种的马；幼马是foal。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pony"
 },
 {
  "w": "infinitive",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈfɪnətɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈfɪnətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动词不定式",
    "en": "the basic verb form, used with or without to"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不定式的",
    "en": "relating to or using the basic form of a verb"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher explained the infinitive with three simple examples.",
    "zh": "老师用三个简单的例子讲解了不定式。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Understanding when to use an infinitive helps language learners express intentions and purposes more accurately.",
    "zh": "理解何时使用不定式，有助于语言学习者更准确地表达意图和目的。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bare infinitive｜不带to的不定式",
   "a to-infinitive｜带to的不定式",
   "an infinitive phrase｜不定式短语"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不定式可带to，也可不带；如to go与must go中的go。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "infinitive"
 },
 {
  "w": "protection",
  "uk": "/prəˈtekʃən/",
  "us": "/prəˈtekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保护；防护",
    "en": "the act of keeping someone or something safe from harm"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This thick coat offers protection against the cold wind.",
    "zh": "这件厚外套能抵御寒风。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stronger environmental laws are essential for the protection of endangered species and their natural habitats.",
    "zh": "更严格的环境法律对于保护濒危物种及其自然栖息地至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "protection against｜防御；抵御",
   "environmental protection｜环境保护",
   "provide protection｜提供保护"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "protect (v.)",
   "protective (adj.)",
   "protector (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "defence",
   "safeguarding"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；protection from/against表示免受伤害。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "protection"
 },
 {
  "w": "suburb",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌbɜːb/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌbɜːrb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "城郊；近郊住宅区",
    "en": "A mainly residential area outside a city's central part."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They moved to a quiet suburb near the river.",
    "zh": "他们搬到了河边一处安静的近郊住宅区。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable public transport can help residents of distant suburbs reach employment opportunities in the city centre.",
    "zh": "可靠的公共交通可以帮助远郊居民前往市中心就业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a residential suburb｜城郊住宅区",
   "live in the suburbs｜住在郊区",
   "a leafy suburb｜绿树成荫的郊区"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suburban (adj.)",
   "suburbanisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用in the suburbs；suburb不等于乡村。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suburb"
 },
 {
  "w": "property",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒpəti/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːpɚti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "财产；所有物",
    "en": "things that belong to a person or organisation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "房产；地产",
    "en": "land or buildings that someone owns"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "性质；特性",
    "en": "a quality of a substance or material"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please keep your personal property safe while you swim.",
    "zh": "游泳时，请妥善保管个人财物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Understanding the thermal properties of building materials helps architects design homes that require less heating.",
    "zh": "了解建筑材料的热学性能，有助于建筑师设计供暖需求更低的住宅。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "private property｜私人财产",
   "property prices｜房产价格",
   "physical properties｜物理性质",
   "intellectual property｜知识产权"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "财产义不可数；房产和性质义可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "property"
 },
 {
  "w": "introduction",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "介绍；引言；入门",
    "en": "An explanation or meeting that first presents someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "引进；首次采用",
    "en": "The act of bringing something into use or a place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After a brief introduction, we started cooking together.",
    "zh": "简短介绍之后，我们开始一起做饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The introduction of electric buses could reduce air pollution in densely populated urban areas.",
    "zh": "引入电动公交车可以减少人口密集城区的空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a brief introduction｜简短介绍",
   "an introduction to｜对……的介绍；……入门",
   "the introduction of｜……的引进"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "introduce (v.)",
   "introductory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "入门介绍常用introduction to；引进某物用of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "introduction"
 },
 {
  "w": "ribbon",
  "uk": "/ˈrɪbən/",
  "us": "/ˈrɪbən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "丝带；缎带",
    "en": "A narrow strip of cloth used for tying or decoration."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "带状物",
    "en": "Something long and narrow that resembles a strip of cloth."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She tied a blue ribbon around the gift.",
    "zh": "她在礼物上系了一条蓝色丝带。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During community celebrations, residents decorate public spaces with colourful ribbons to create a welcoming atmosphere.",
    "zh": "社区庆典期间，居民用彩色丝带装饰公共空间，营造亲切宜人的氛围。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tie a ribbon｜系丝带",
   "a ribbon bow｜丝带蝴蝶结",
   "cut the ribbon｜剪彩",
   "a ribbon of road｜带状延伸的道路"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常可数；a ribbon of可形容细长如带的事物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ribbon"
 },
 {
  "w": "pity",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪti/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "同情；怜悯",
    "en": "Sadness and concern for someone who is suffering."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "遗憾；可惜的事",
    "en": "Something disappointing or unfortunate."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "同情；怜悯",
    "en": "To feel sorry for someone because of their difficulties."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt pity for the puppy shivering in the rain.",
    "zh": "看到小狗在雨中发抖，我心生怜悯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It is a pity that many historic buildings are demolished before their cultural value is properly assessed.",
    "zh": "许多历史建筑的文化价值尚未得到充分评估就被拆除，实在令人遗憾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel pity for｜同情",
   "take pity on｜怜悯并帮助",
   "what a pity｜真可惜",
   "a sense of pity｜怜悯之情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pitiful (adj.)",
   "pitiless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "compassion",
   "sympathy"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表同情通常不可数；表遗憾常用a pity。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pity"
 },
 {
  "w": "eastern",
  "uk": "/ˈiːstən/",
  "us": "/ˈiːstərn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "东部的；东方的",
    "en": "In or relating to the east of an area."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our hotel overlooks the island's quiet eastern coast.",
    "zh": "我们的酒店俯瞰着岛上宁静的东海岸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved railway connections could help eastern regions attract investment and reduce economic differences within the country.",
    "zh": "改善铁路连接有助于东部地区吸引投资，缩小国内经济差距。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "eastern coast｜东海岸",
   "eastern region｜东部地区",
   "eastern boundary｜东部边界"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "east (n.)",
   "eastward (adv.)",
   "easterly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "western"
  ],
  "tip": "eastern通常只作形容词，不表示“东方人”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eastern"
 },
 {
  "w": "scooter",
  "uk": "/ˈskuːtə/",
  "us": "/ˈskuːtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "滑板车",
    "en": "A small wheeled platform with handlebars, ridden standing up."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "踏板式小型摩托车",
    "en": "A small motorcycle with a low platform for your feet."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The child pushed her scooter along the smooth path.",
    "zh": "那个孩子蹬着滑板车沿着平坦的小路前进。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shared electric scooter schemes may reduce short car journeys if cities provide safe routes and suitable parking areas.",
    "zh": "如果城市提供安全路线和合适的停车区域，共享电动滑板车项目可能减少短途驾车出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ride a scooter｜骑滑板车或踏板摩托车",
   "an electric scooter｜电动滑板车",
   "a motor scooter｜踏板式摩托车"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scoot (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指站着骑的滑板车，也可指踏板式小摩托。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scooter"
 },
 {
  "w": "bunch",
  "uk": "/bʌntʃ/",
  "us": "/bʌntʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "束；串",
    "en": "a group of similar things held or growing together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一群；一帮",
    "en": "a group of people, described informally"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "聚拢；使聚成一团",
    "en": "to gather closely together, or make things gather together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He brought a bunch of flowers for the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "他带来一束花，准备放在厨房的餐桌上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When passengers bunch together near train doors, boarding becomes slower and less comfortable for everyone.",
    "zh": "当乘客聚集在列车门附近时，上车速度会变慢，所有人的乘车体验也会变差。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bunch of grapes｜一串葡萄",
   "a bunch of flowers｜一束花",
   "a bunch of friends｜一帮朋友",
   "bunch up｜挤在一起"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cluster",
   "group"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a bunch of可指一束或一串；指人时较口语化。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bunch"
 },
 {
  "w": "sensible",
  "uk": "/ˈsensəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈsensəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "明智的；合乎情理的",
    "en": "Showing good judgement and practical understanding."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Taking an umbrella was sensible in this weather.",
    "zh": "这种天气带把伞是明智的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in preventive healthcare is a sensible way to reduce pressure on public hospitals over time.",
    "zh": "投资预防性医疗是逐步减轻公立医院压力的明智之举。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sensible decision｜明智的决定",
   "a sensible approach｜合理的方法",
   "sensible advice｜合理的建议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sensibly (adv.)",
   "sense (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reasonable",
   "practical",
   "wise"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "foolish",
   "unwise"
  ],
  "tip": "sensible指明智的；sensitive指敏感的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sensible"
 },
 {
  "w": "confuse",
  "uk": "/kənˈfjuːz/",
  "us": "/kənˈfjuːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使困惑",
    "en": "To make someone unable to understand or think clearly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "混淆；认错",
    "en": "To wrongly think one person or thing is another."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These complicated instructions confuse me every time I cook.",
    "zh": "每次做饭，这些复杂的说明都让我摸不着头脑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health messages can confuse audiences when experts use technical language without explaining its meaning.",
    "zh": "专家使用术语却不解释其含义时，公共卫生信息可能会让受众感到困惑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "confuse A with B｜把A与B混淆",
   "confuse the issue｜把问题弄复杂",
   "easily confused｜容易混淆的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "confusion (n.)",
   "confused (adj.)",
   "confusing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "puzzle",
   "bewilder"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "clarify"
  ],
  "tip": "confused形容人感到困惑；confusing形容事物令人困惑。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "confuse"
 },
 {
  "w": "furry",
  "uk": "/ˈfɜːri/",
  "us": "/ˈfɝːi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "毛茸茸的；覆有毛皮的",
    "en": "covered with thick, soft hair or material resembling fur"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A furry little rabbit curled up beside my feet.",
    "zh": "一只毛茸茸的小兔子蜷缩在我的脚边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many furry mammals depend on dense coats to maintain body temperature in extremely cold environments.",
    "zh": "许多毛茸茸的哺乳动物依靠浓密的皮毛，在极寒环境中维持体温。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "furry animal｜毛茸茸的动物",
   "furry coat｜毛茸茸的皮毛",
   "furry paws｜毛茸茸的爪子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fur (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "hairless"
  ],
  "tip": "fur变furry需双写r；可形容动物或仿毛材质。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "furry"
 },
 {
  "w": "athlete",
  "uk": "/ˈæθliːt/",
  "us": "/ˈæθliːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运动员",
    "en": "A person trained to compete in sports requiring physical skill."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The athlete stretched her legs before the morning race.",
    "zh": "那位运动员在早上的比赛前伸展了双腿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Young athletes need balanced training programmes that protect their health while allowing them to pursue sporting excellence.",
    "zh": "年轻运动员需要均衡的训练计划，在追求卓越运动表现的同时保护健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "professional athlete｜职业运动员",
   "elite athlete｜顶尖运动员",
   "a promising young athlete｜有潜力的年轻运动员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "athletic (adj.)",
   "athletics (n.)",
   "athleticism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sportsperson"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "athlete常泛指运动员，不只指田径选手。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "athlete"
 },
 {
  "w": "minibus",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪnibʌs/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪnibʌs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小型公共汽车；小巴",
    "en": "A small bus carrying fewer passengers than a standard bus."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A minibus picked us up outside the village shop.",
    "zh": "一辆小巴在村里的商店外接上了我们。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A community minibus can help older residents reach essential services in areas with limited public transport.",
    "zh": "在公共交通有限的地区，社区小巴可以帮助老年居民前往提供基本服务的场所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hire a minibus｜租一辆小巴",
   "a minibus service｜小巴接送服务",
   "travel by minibus｜乘小巴出行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bus (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "minibus指小型载客巴士，不是所有面包车都叫minibus。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "minibus"
 },
 {
  "w": "outdoor",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊtdɔː/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊtdɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "户外的；露天的",
    "en": "happening, used, or located outside a building"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought comfortable chairs for our outdoor dining area.",
    "zh": "我们给户外用餐区买了舒适的椅子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular outdoor activities can improve children's physical health while helping them develop an appreciation of nature.",
    "zh": "定期开展户外活动可以改善儿童的身体健康，同时培养他们对自然的欣赏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "outdoor activities｜户外活动",
   "outdoor sports｜户外运动",
   "outdoor swimming pool｜露天游泳池",
   "outdoor clothing｜户外服装"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "outdoors (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "open-air"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "indoor"
  ],
  "tip": "outdoor是形容词；表示在户外用副词outdoors。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outdoor"
 },
 {
  "w": "curious",
  "uk": "/ˈkjʊəriəs/",
  "us": "/ˈkjʊriəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "好奇的；求知欲强的",
    "en": "Wanting to learn or know more about something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "奇怪的；不寻常的",
    "en": "Unusual or strange in a way that attracts attention."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The curious kitten peered into my open shopping bag.",
    "zh": "那只好奇的小猫探头看我敞开的购物袋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can encourage curious students to explore scientific questions through practical experiments rather than memorisation alone.",
    "zh": "教师可以鼓励求知欲强的学生通过动手实验探索科学问题，而不只是死记硬背。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "curious about｜对……好奇",
   "curious to know｜很想知道",
   "a curious mixture｜奇特的混合物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "curiosity (n.)",
   "curiously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inquisitive",
   "strange"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "incurious"
  ],
  "tip": "be curious about表示“对……好奇”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "curious"
 },
 {
  "w": "sweetheart",
  "uk": "/ˈswiːthɑːt/",
  "us": "/ˈswiːthɑːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爱人；宝贝",
    "en": "someone you love, especially a romantic partner"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "热心善良的人",
    "en": "a very kind and helpful person"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sweetheart brought me flowers after a difficult day.",
    "zh": "辛苦了一天后，我的爱人给我带来了鲜花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many older adults maintain strong emotional connections with sweethearts they first met during their school years.",
    "zh": "许多年长者与学生时代结识的恋人仍保持着深厚的感情联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "childhood sweetheart｜青梅竹马的恋人",
   "be a sweetheart｜做个热心人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sweet (adj.)",
   "sweetness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "darling",
   "beloved"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指恋人，也可作亲昵称呼；不宜随意称呼陌生人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sweetheart"
 },
 {
  "w": "term",
  "uk": "/tɜːm/",
  "us": "/tɝːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "术语；用语",
    "en": "A word or expression with a particular meaning."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学期",
    "en": "One of the periods into which a school year is divided."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "期限；任期",
    "en": "A fixed period during which something lasts or someone serves."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher explained a scientific term using a simple drawing.",
    "zh": "老师用一幅简单的画解释了一个科学术语。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The term sustainability describes meeting present needs without limiting the opportunities available to future generations.",
    "zh": "可持续性这一术语指满足当代需求，同时不限制后代可获得的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "technical term｜专业术语",
   "school term｜学期",
   "in the long term｜从长远来看",
   "terms and conditions｜条款与条件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "terminology (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in terms of意为就…而言；条款义常用复数terms。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "term"
 },
 {
  "w": "cosy",
  "uk": "/ˈkəʊzi/",
  "us": "/ˈkoʊzi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "温暖舒适的",
    "en": "warm, comfortable, and pleasant, often in a small space"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "亲密愉快的",
    "en": "friendly and relaxed in a private setting"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent a cosy evening beside the fire.",
    "zh": "我们在炉火旁度过了一个温暖惬意的夜晚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small libraries can provide cosy spaces where residents read, relax, and build connections with their neighbours.",
    "zh": "小型图书馆可以提供舒适的空间，让居民阅读、放松并与邻里建立联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cosy room｜温暖舒适的房间",
   "a cosy atmosphere｜温馨的氛围",
   "a cosy chat｜亲切闲聊"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cosily (adv.)",
   "cosiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "snug",
   "comfortable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uncomfortable"
  ],
  "tip": "英式拼写cosy，美式通常写cozy。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cosy"
 },
 {
  "w": "wage",
  "uk": "/weɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/weɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工资；工钱",
    "en": "money earned for work, often calculated by the hour or week"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开展；发动",
    "en": "to carry on a war or organised campaign"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The café pays a decent wage for weekend work.",
    "zh": "这家咖啡馆给周末上班的员工支付不错的工资。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Raising the minimum wage may improve living standards, but small businesses could face higher operating costs.",
    "zh": "提高最低工资可能改善生活水平，但小企业可能面临更高的经营成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "minimum wage｜最低工资",
   "earn a wage｜挣工资",
   "wage increase｜加薪",
   "wage a campaign｜开展运动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wages (n.)",
   "wage-earner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pay"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wage常按小时或周计算；salary通常指固定薪金。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wage"
 },
 {
  "w": "scare",
  "uk": "/skeə/",
  "us": "/sker/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "惊吓；使害怕",
    "en": "to make someone feel frightened"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "惊吓；恐慌",
    "en": "a sudden feeling or period of fear"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please knock gently so you don't scare the baby.",
    "zh": "请轻轻敲门，别吓到宝宝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Misleading reports about food safety can scare consumers and damage public confidence in local producers.",
    "zh": "有关食品安全的误导性报道可能吓到消费者，并损害公众对本地生产商的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scare someone away｜把某人吓跑",
   "give someone a scare｜吓某人一跳",
   "a health scare｜健康恐慌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scared (adj.)",
   "scary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "frighten",
   "alarm"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reassure"
  ],
  "tip": "scared形容人感到害怕；scary形容事物吓人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scare"
 },
 {
  "w": "disappoint",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使失望",
    "en": "To make someone unhappy by failing to meet their expectations."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I knew cancelling our picnic would disappoint the children.",
    "zh": "我知道取消野餐会让孩子们失望。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport improvements may disappoint commuters if services remain unreliable despite substantial investment in new vehicles.",
    "zh": "尽管大量资金投入了新车辆，若服务仍不可靠，公共交通的改善可能会让通勤者失望。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disappoint customers｜让顾客失望",
   "disappoint expectations｜辜负期望",
   "never disappoint｜从不让人失望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disappointment (n.)",
   "disappointed (adj.)",
   "disappointing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "let down"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "please",
   "delight"
  ],
  "tip": "人感到失望用disappointed；事物令人失望用disappointing。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disappoint"
 },
 {
  "w": "annoyed",
  "uk": "/əˈnɔɪd/",
  "us": "/əˈnɔɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "恼怒的；不耐烦的",
    "en": "slightly angry about something unpleasant or inconvenient"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leila looked annoyed when the printer jammed again.",
    "zh": "打印机又卡纸了，莱拉显得有些恼火。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents often become annoyed when construction noise continues late into the evening without prior warning.",
    "zh": "如果施工噪声持续到深夜且事先没有通知，居民往往会感到恼火。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "annoyed with someone｜生某人的气",
   "annoyed about something｜因某事恼火",
   "visibly annoyed｜明显感到恼火"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "annoy (v.)",
   "annoying (adj.)",
   "annoyance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "irritated",
   "bothered"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "pleased"
  ],
  "tip": "annoyed形容人的感受；annoying形容令人恼火的事物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "annoyed"
 },
 {
  "w": "developing",
  "uk": "/dɪˈveləpɪŋ/",
  "us": "/dɪˈveləpɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "发展中的",
    "en": "Becoming more economically advanced, often with improving living standards."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "逐渐形成的；成长中的",
    "en": "Growing or becoming more complete over time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin builds water pumps in a developing country.",
    "zh": "我表亲在一个发展中国家修建水泵。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Developing economies often need sustained investment in education and infrastructure to improve living standards.",
    "zh": "发展中经济体往往需要持续投资教育和基础设施，以提高生活水平。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "developing countries｜发展中国家",
   "developing economies｜发展中经济体",
   "a developing situation｜不断演变的局势"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "develop (v.)",
   "development (n.)",
   "developed (adj.)",
   "developer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "developed"
  ],
  "tip": "developing指发展中的；developed指已发展的、发达的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "developing"
 },
 {
  "w": "graduate",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrædʒuət/",
  "us": "/ˈɡrædʒuət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大学毕业生",
    "en": "someone who has successfully completed a university degree"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "毕业；获得学位",
    "en": "to successfully complete a course at a school or university"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister graduated from university and started work nearby.",
    "zh": "我姐姐大学毕业后，在附近开始工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many recent graduates struggle to find employment that matches their qualifications in an increasingly competitive labour market.",
    "zh": "在竞争日益激烈的劳动力市场中，许多应届毕业生难以找到符合自身资历的工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "university graduate｜大学毕业生",
   "recent graduate｜应届毕业生",
   "graduate from university｜大学毕业",
   "graduate with honours｜以优等成绩毕业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "graduation (n.)",
   "undergraduate (n.)",
   "postgraduate (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词尾音/ət/，动词/eɪt/；毕业于用graduate from。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "graduate"
 },
 {
  "w": "advertising",
  "uk": "/ˈædvətaɪzɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈædvərtaɪzɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "广告宣传；广告业",
    "en": "The activity or business of promoting products and services."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister works in advertising and designs colourful posters.",
    "zh": "我姐姐从事广告工作，设计色彩鲜艳的海报。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advertising can influence consumer choices, which is why campaigns aimed at children require careful regulation.",
    "zh": "广告会影响消费者的选择，因此针对儿童的广告活动需要受到严格监管。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "advertising campaign｜广告宣传活动",
   "advertising agency｜广告公司",
   "advertising revenue｜广告收入",
   "misleading advertising｜误导性广告"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "advertise (v.)",
   "advertisement (n.)",
   "advertiser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；一则具体广告用an advertisement。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "advertising"
 },
 {
  "w": "research",
  "uk": "/rɪˈsɜːtʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈriːsɝːtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "研究；调查",
    "en": "Careful study aimed at discovering facts or developing knowledge."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "研究；调查",
    "en": "To study a subject carefully to discover information."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I did some research before choosing my new bicycle.",
    "zh": "挑选新自行车之前，我做了一番调查。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Research into renewable energy can help governments develop cleaner and more reliable sources of electricity.",
    "zh": "对可再生能源的研究可以帮助政府开发更清洁、更可靠的电力来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conduct research｜开展研究",
   "research into｜对……的研究",
   "research findings｜研究结果",
   "scientific research｜科学研究"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "researcher (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "investigation",
   "study"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词通常不可数；说a study，不说a research。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "research"
 },
 {
  "w": "turning",
  "uk": "/ˈtɜːnɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈtɝːnɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "转弯处；岔路口",
    "en": "a place where a road branches off another road"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "转动；旋转",
    "en": "the action of moving around a central point"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Take the next turning after the small bakery.",
    "zh": "过了那家小面包店，在下一个路口转弯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poor visibility at this turning increases the risk of accidents for cyclists and other road users.",
    "zh": "这个转弯处视野不佳，增加了骑车者和其他道路使用者发生事故的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "miss a turning｜错过转弯路口",
   "take a turning｜在路口转弯",
   "a turning on the left｜左侧的岔路口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "turn (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示岔路口时主要用于英式英语；也是turn的-ing形式。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "turning"
 },
 {
  "w": "dormitory",
  "uk": "/ˈdɔːmɪtri/",
  "us": "/ˈdɔːrmətɔːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "集体寝室",
    "en": "A large room where several people sleep."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学生宿舍楼",
    "en": "A building where students live, especially at American colleges."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared a dormitory with six other travellers.",
    "zh": "我们和另外六名旅客合住一间集体寝室。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Living in a university dormitory can help new students build friendships and adjust to campus life.",
    "zh": "住在大学宿舍可以帮助新生建立友谊，并适应校园生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shared dormitory｜集体寝室",
   "university dormitory｜大学宿舍",
   "dormitory room｜宿舍房间"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "dorm"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常指学生宿舍楼；英式也常指多人寝室。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dormitory"
 },
 {
  "w": "chain",
  "uk": "/tʃeɪn/",
  "us": "/tʃeɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "链条；链子",
    "en": "a series of connected metal rings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "连锁店；一连串",
    "en": "connected shops, events, or other things forming a series"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用链条拴住",
    "en": "to fasten someone or something with a chain"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He secured his bicycle with a heavy metal chain.",
    "zh": "他用一条沉重的金属链锁好了自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Large supermarket chains can offer lower prices, but their expansion may threaten small independent shops.",
    "zh": "大型连锁超市可以提供更低的价格，但其扩张可能威胁独立小商店。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a chain of events｜一连串事件",
   "a supermarket chain｜连锁超市",
   "a supply chain｜供应链",
   "chain a bicycle to a railing｜用链条把自行车锁在栏杆上"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a chain of后接复数名词，表示相连的一系列事物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chain"
 },
 {
  "w": "tiring",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪərɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪrɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "累人的；令人疲倦的",
    "en": "making someone feel that they need rest"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Carrying these heavy bags upstairs is tiring work.",
    "zh": "把这些沉重的袋子搬上楼是件累人的活。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Long and tiring commutes can reduce workers' productivity and leave them with less time for family activities.",
    "zh": "漫长而累人的通勤会降低员工的工作效率，也会减少他们参与家庭活动的时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tiring day｜劳累的一天",
   "a tiring journey｜令人疲惫的旅程",
   "physically tiring｜耗费体力的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tire (v.)",
   "tired (adj.)",
   "tiredness (n.)",
   "tireless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "exhausting",
   "fatiguing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "refreshing"
  ],
  "tip": "tiring形容事物令人累；tired形容人感到累。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tiring"
 },
 {
  "w": "structure",
  "uk": "/ˈstrʌktʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈstrʌktʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结构；构造",
    "en": "The way parts are arranged and connected within a whole."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "建筑物；构筑物",
    "en": "Something built from connected parts, such as a bridge."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "组织；安排",
    "en": "Arrange parts or activities into an organised whole."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The model shows the structure of a wooden bridge.",
    "zh": "这个模型展示了一座木桥的结构。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A clear essay structure helps readers follow complex arguments and understand the writer's main conclusions.",
    "zh": "清晰的文章结构有助于读者理解复杂的论证，把握作者的主要结论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "social structure｜社会结构",
   "sentence structure｜句子结构",
   "structure an essay｜组织文章",
   "supporting structure｜支撑结构"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "structural (adj.)",
   "structurally (adv.)",
   "restructure (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "structure既可作名词，也可作动词表示组织、安排。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "structure"
 },
 {
  "w": "desert",
  "uk": "/ˈdezət/",
  "us": "/ˈdezɚt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "沙漠；荒漠",
    "en": "a very dry area with little rain and few plants"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抛弃；擅离",
    "en": "to leave someone or somewhere you should stay with"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We crossed the desert before the afternoon heat arrived.",
    "zh": "我们在午后的酷热到来之前穿过了沙漠。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As desert areas expand, nearby farming communities face increasing pressure on their water supplies and agricultural land.",
    "zh": "随着荒漠地区扩张，附近的农业社区在供水和耕地方面面临越来越大的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a vast desert｜广袤的沙漠",
   "desert plants｜沙漠植物",
   "desert a post｜擅离岗位"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "desertion (n.)",
   "deserter (n.)",
   "deserted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词读/dɪˈzɜːt/；dessert意为甜点。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "desert"
 },
 {
  "w": "relation",
  "uk": "/rɪˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/rɪˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "联系；关系",
    "en": "a connection between people, things, or ideas"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "亲属；亲戚",
    "en": "a person who belongs to your family"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The price seems to bear no relation to quality.",
    "zh": "这个价格似乎与质量毫无关系。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers are examining the relation between access to green spaces and mental health in urban communities.",
    "zh": "研究人员正在考察城市社区中绿地可及性与心理健康之间的关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in relation to｜关于；相对于",
   "bear no relation to｜与……无关",
   "relations between countries｜国家间的关系",
   "a close relation｜近亲"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "relate (v.)",
   "related (adj.)",
   "relationship (n.)",
   "relational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "connection",
   "link",
   "relative"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "国家或群体间的关系常用复数relations。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "relation"
 },
 {
  "w": "league",
  "uk": "/liːɡ/",
  "us": "/liːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体育联赛；联赛组织",
    "en": "A group of sports teams that regularly compete against one another."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "联盟；联合会",
    "en": "An association of people or groups sharing a common purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水平；等级",
    "en": "A level of quality, ability, or achievement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our team finished top of the league this season.",
    "zh": "我们队本赛季在联赛中排名第一。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A local sports league can strengthen community ties by bringing together players from different social backgrounds.",
    "zh": "地方体育联赛可以让不同社会背景的球员聚在一起，从而加强社区联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a football league｜足球联赛",
   "top of the league｜联赛榜首",
   "in a different league｜远高于一般水平",
   "out of my league｜超出我的能力范围"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in a different league常指水平远胜一筹。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "league"
 },
 {
  "w": "dryer",
  "uk": "/ˈdraɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈdraɪər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烘干机；干燥器",
    "en": "A machine or device that removes moisture from things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The towels are still warm from the dryer.",
    "zh": "毛巾刚从烘干机里拿出来，还是热的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using a clothesline instead of an electric dryer can lower household energy consumption and reduce monthly bills.",
    "zh": "用晾衣绳代替电烘干机，可以降低家庭能耗并减少每月账单支出。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tumble dryer｜滚筒式烘干机",
   "hair dryer｜吹风机",
   "hand dryer｜干手机",
   "clothes dryer｜衣物烘干机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dry (v.)",
   "dryness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dryer通常是干燥设备；dry的比较级通常写drier。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dryer"
 },
 {
  "w": "seller",
  "uk": "/ˈselə/",
  "us": "/ˈselər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卖方；销售者",
    "en": "a person or business that sells something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The seller wrapped the vase carefully before handing it over.",
    "zh": "卖家仔细包好花瓶后才递过来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online marketplaces should require each seller to provide accurate product information and clear policies for returns.",
    "zh": "网络交易平台应要求每个卖家提供准确的产品信息和明确的退货政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "online seller｜网络卖家",
   "private seller｜私人卖家",
   "buyers and sellers｜买方与卖方"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sell (v.)",
   "sale (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "vendor"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "buyer"
  ],
  "tip": "seller侧重交易中的卖方，不一定是店内售货员。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seller"
 },
 {
  "w": "calm",
  "uk": "/kɑːm/",
  "us": "/kɑːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "镇静的；平静的",
    "en": "Not worried or excited; without strong movement or disturbance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使镇静；平静下来",
    "en": "To become less upset, or make someone feel more relaxed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "平静；宁静",
    "en": "A peaceful state without worry, noise, or disturbance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She stayed calm when the lights suddenly went out.",
    "zh": "灯突然熄灭时，她依然保持镇静。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A calm classroom atmosphere can help students concentrate and feel more confident about asking questions.",
    "zh": "平静的课堂氛围有助于学生集中注意力，也让他们更有信心提问。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stay calm｜保持镇静",
   "calm down｜平静下来",
   "calm waters｜平静的水面",
   "a sense of calm｜宁静感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "calmly (adv.)",
   "calmness (n.)",
   "calming (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "composed",
   "peaceful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "agitated"
  ],
  "tip": "calm中的l不发音；calm down表示平静下来。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "calm"
 },
 {
  "w": "depressed",
  "uk": "/dɪˈprest/",
  "us": "/dɪˈprest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "抑郁的；沮丧的",
    "en": "very unhappy, sometimes persistently as part of a mental illness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "经济萧条的；不景气的",
    "en": "having little economic activity or few opportunities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He felt depressed after weeks of unsuccessful job hunting.",
    "zh": "连续数周求职无果后，他感到很沮丧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport can connect economically depressed areas with employment opportunities and essential services.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通可以让经济萧条地区的居民获得就业机会和基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel depressed｜感到沮丧",
   "severely depressed｜严重抑郁的",
   "economically depressed area｜经济萧条地区"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "depress (v.)",
   "depression (n.)",
   "depressing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dejected",
   "downcast"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cheerful"
  ],
  "tip": "depressed形容人的感受；depressing形容令人沮丧的事。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "depressed"
 },
 {
  "w": "brilliant",
  "uk": "/ˈbrɪljənt/",
  "us": "/ˈbrɪljənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；精彩的",
    "en": "Extremely good, impressive, or enjoyable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "才华出众的；聪颖的",
    "en": "Exceptionally intelligent or skilled."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "明亮的；灿烂的",
    "en": "Shining brightly or having a strong, vivid colour."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your brilliant idea saved us hours of work.",
    "zh": "你的绝妙主意为我们省下了好几个小时的工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Brilliant teachers can inspire students to explore difficult subjects with confidence and genuine curiosity.",
    "zh": "出色的教师能激励学生带着信心和真正的好奇心探索难学的科目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "brilliant idea｜绝妙的主意",
   "brilliant scientist｜杰出的科学家",
   "brilliant sunshine｜灿烂的阳光"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "brilliance (n.)",
   "brilliantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "excellent",
   "outstanding"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "mediocre"
  ],
  "tip": "英式口语中常用 brilliant 表示“太棒了”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brilliant"
 },
 {
  "w": "instrument",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnstrəmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnstrəmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乐器",
    "en": "an object played to produce musical sounds"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "仪器；器械",
    "en": "a tool or device for precise scientific or medical work"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手段；工具",
    "en": "something used to achieve a particular purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister plays a different instrument at each rehearsal.",
    "zh": "我姐姐每次排练都演奏不同的乐器。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning a musical instrument can strengthen concentration and encourage cooperation among children from different backgrounds.",
    "zh": "学习乐器可以增强专注力，并促进不同背景的儿童之间的合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "musical instrument｜乐器",
   "scientific instrument｜科学仪器",
   "surgical instrument｜外科器械",
   "instrument of change｜推动变革的工具"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "instrumental (adj.)",
   "instrumentalist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "乐器和精密仪器均可用instrument；普通工具常用tool。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "instrument"
 },
 {
  "w": "fiance",
  "uk": "/fiˈɒnseɪ/",
  "us": "/ˌfiːɑːnˈseɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "未婚夫",
    "en": "A man who is engaged to be married."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My fiance and I are choosing wedding flowers.",
    "zh": "我和未婚夫正在挑选婚礼用花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Moving abroad with a fiance can require careful planning around employment, housing, and future family responsibilities.",
    "zh": "与未婚夫一起移居海外，可能需要围绕就业、住房和未来的家庭责任仔细规划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "her fiance｜她的未婚夫",
   "my fiance and I｜我和我的未婚夫"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fiancee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "也写作fiancé；未婚妻是fiancee或fiancée。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fiance"
 },
 {
  "w": "jet",
  "uk": "/dʒet/",
  "us": "/dʒet/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喷气式飞机",
    "en": "An aircraft powered by jet engines."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喷流；喷射流",
    "en": "A narrow, forceful stream of liquid or gas."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A jet flew low over the beach this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上一架喷气式飞机低空飞过海滩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing older passenger jets with more efficient aircraft could reduce fuel consumption across the aviation industry.",
    "zh": "用效率更高的飞机替换老旧客机，可以降低整个航空业的燃料消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "passenger jet｜喷气式客机",
   "jet engine｜喷气发动机",
   "a jet of water｜一股喷射的水流"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a jet of water指一股喷射的水流。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jet"
 },
 {
  "w": "crash",
  "uk": "/kræʃ/",
  "us": "/kræʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "撞车；坠毁；碰撞",
    "en": "an accident in which a vehicle hits something or falls"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "碰撞；坠毁",
    "en": "to hit something violently or fall and be badly damaged"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "崩溃；暴跌",
    "en": "to stop working suddenly or lose value very quickly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Nobody was hurt in the crash outside our house.",
    "zh": "我们家外面的那起撞车事故没有造成人员受伤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Financial markets can crash when investors suddenly lose confidence in the stability of the economy.",
    "zh": "当投资者突然对经济的稳定性失去信心时，金融市场可能暴跌。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a car crash｜车祸",
   "crash into a wall｜撞上墙",
   "a computer crash｜电脑崩溃",
   "a stock market crash｜股市崩盘"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "crash into后接撞上的物体；电脑崩溃也可用crash。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crash"
 },
 {
  "w": "fancy",
  "uk": "/ˈfænsi/",
  "us": "/ˈfænsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "想要；想做",
    "en": "To want something or feel like doing something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "精致的；豪华的",
    "en": "Decorative, elaborate, or expensive rather than plain."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "爱慕；觉得有吸引力",
    "en": "To feel romantically attracted to someone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Do you fancy a walk by the river after lunch?",
    "zh": "午饭后你想去河边散步吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some tourists prefer simple local accommodation to fancy hotels because it offers more opportunities for cultural exchange.",
    "zh": "一些游客更喜欢简朴的当地住宿，而非豪华酒店，因为前者提供更多文化交流机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fancy doing something｜想做某事",
   "fancy a drink｜想喝点东西",
   "a fancy restaurant｜一家豪华餐厅"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“想做”时用fancy doing，不用fancy to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fancy"
 },
 {
  "w": "protest",
  "uk": "/ˈprəʊtest/",
  "us": "/ˈproʊtest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抗议；抗议活动",
    "en": "An expression or action showing strong disagreement or opposition."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抗议；反对",
    "en": "Express strong disagreement with something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Residents held a peaceful protest outside the town hall.",
    "zh": "居民在市政厅外举行了一场和平抗议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Citizens may protest against environmental policies that fail to protect local forests and water supplies.",
    "zh": "公民可能会抗议那些未能保护当地森林和水源的环境政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "peaceful protest｜和平抗议",
   "protest against｜抗议；反对",
   "in protest at｜为抗议……",
   "under protest｜不情愿地；抗议着"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "protester (n.)",
   "protestation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "objection",
   "demonstration"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "所列为名词音；动词英音/prəˈtest/，常接against。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "protest"
 },
 {
  "w": "prisoner",
  "uk": "/ˈprɪzənə/",
  "us": "/ˈprɪzənər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "囚犯；被拘禁者",
    "en": "A person kept in prison or prevented from leaving."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "战俘；俘虏",
    "en": "A person captured and held by an enemy during war."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The prisoner borrowed a novel from the prison library.",
    "zh": "那名囚犯从监狱图书馆借了一本小说。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing prisoners with education and vocational training may improve their chances of finding employment after release.",
    "zh": "为囚犯提供教育和职业培训，可能提高他们获释后找到工作的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "release a prisoner｜释放囚犯",
   "prisoner of war｜战俘",
   "take someone prisoner｜俘虏某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prison (n.)",
   "imprison (v.)",
   "imprisonment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "captive",
   "inmate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "prisoner 不一定已被定罪，也可指被俘或被拘禁者。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prisoner"
 },
 {
  "w": "due",
  "uk": "/djuː/",
  "us": "/duː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "到期应付的；应交的",
    "en": "Required to be paid or submitted by a particular time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "预期的；预计到达的",
    "en": "Expected to happen or arrive at a particular time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "应得的；应有的",
    "en": "Deserved or appropriate in a particular situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our rent is due at the end of the week.",
    "zh": "我们的房租本周末到期应付。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When tuition fees are due, some students struggle to cover both educational expenses and basic living costs.",
    "zh": "学费到期应缴时，一些学生难以同时承担教育支出和基本生活费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "payment due｜到期应付款项",
   "due to arrive｜预计到达",
   "due consideration｜应有的考虑",
   "due to｜由于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "duly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be due to do表示预计做；due to＋名词表示由于。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "due"
 },
 {
  "w": "astronaut",
  "uk": "/ˈæstrənɔːt/",
  "us": "/ˈæstrənɔːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宇航员；航天员",
    "en": "a person trained to travel and work in space"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The astronaut floated gently through the small space station.",
    "zh": "那名宇航员轻轻地飘过小型空间站。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Astronauts conduct experiments in space that help scientists understand how the human body responds to weightlessness.",
    "zh": "宇航员在太空中开展实验，帮助科学家了解人体对失重的反应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "astronaut training｜宇航员训练",
   "a team of astronauts｜一队宇航员",
   "astronaut crew｜宇航员乘组"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "astronautics (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "astronaut是宇航员；astronomer是天文学家。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "astronaut"
 },
 {
  "w": "surround",
  "uk": "/səˈraʊnd/",
  "us": "/səˈraʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "围绕；包围",
    "en": "be or move into positions on every side of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "与……密切相关；围绕",
    "en": "be closely connected with an event, situation, or subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Tall trees surround the cottage and shade its windows.",
    "zh": "高大的树木环绕着小屋，为窗户遮阴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Uncertainty continues to surround the proposed transport scheme, making it difficult for local businesses to plan ahead.",
    "zh": "拟议中的交通方案仍存在不确定性，使当地企业难以提前规划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be surrounded by｜被……包围",
   "surround yourself with｜使自己身边充满",
   "the circumstances surrounding｜与……有关的情况"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "surrounding (adj.)",
   "surroundings (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "encircle",
   "enclose"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用be surrounded by；surroundings指周围环境。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "surround"
 },
 {
  "w": "rely",
  "uk": "/rɪˈlaɪ/",
  "us": "/rɪˈlaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "依靠；依赖",
    "en": "to need someone's help or depend on something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "信赖；信任",
    "en": "to trust someone or something to act as expected"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I rely on my bicycle to get to work.",
    "zh": "我靠自行车通勤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Communities that rely heavily on tourism may face economic difficulties when visitor numbers suddenly decline.",
    "zh": "高度依赖旅游业的社区，在游客数量骤降时可能面临经济困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rely on｜依靠；信赖",
   "rely heavily on｜严重依赖",
   "rely on someone to do something｜指望某人做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reliable (adj.)",
   "reliably (adv.)",
   "reliability (n.)",
   "reliance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "depend",
   "count on"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不直接接宾语：用rely on或rely upon。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rely"
 },
 {
  "w": "salty",
  "uk": "/ˈsɔːlti/",
  "us": "/ˈsɔːlti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "咸的；含盐的",
    "en": "Tasting of salt or containing a lot of salt."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup was too salty, so I added water.",
    "zh": "汤太咸了，所以我加了些水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Eating salty snacks frequently can contribute to high blood pressure, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease.",
    "zh": "经常吃咸味零食可能导致高血压，增加患心血管疾病的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "salty food｜咸的食物",
   "a salty taste｜咸味",
   "salty snacks｜咸味零食"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "salt (n.)",
   "salt (v.)",
   "saltiness (n.)",
   "salted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unsalted"
  ],
  "tip": "salty强调咸味；salted强调加过盐。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "salty"
 },
 {
  "w": "apologize",
  "uk": "/əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/",
  "us": "/əˈpɑːlədʒaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "道歉；认错",
    "en": "To tell someone you are sorry for doing something wrong"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I apologized to my neighbour for the noise.",
    "zh": "我为噪声向邻居道了歉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies should apologize promptly for service failures and explain what steps they will take to prevent further problems.",
    "zh": "企业应及时为服务失误道歉，并说明将采取哪些措施来防止问题再次发生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apologize to someone｜向某人道歉",
   "apologize for doing something｜为做某事道歉",
   "apologize sincerely｜真诚道歉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "apology (n.)",
   "apologetic (adj.)",
   "apologetically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "say sorry"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "向人道歉用to，为事情道歉用for；英式也写apologise。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "apologize"
 },
 {
  "w": "foreigner",
  "uk": "/ˈfɒrənə/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrənər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "外国人",
    "en": "A person from a country other than the one being discussed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "As a foreigner, I needed help understanding local customs.",
    "zh": "作为外国人，我需要别人帮助我了解当地习俗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Language courses can help foreigners participate more fully in community life and access essential public services.",
    "zh": "语言课程可以帮助外国人更充分地参与社区生活，并获得必要的公共服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "as a foreigner｜作为外国人",
   "foreigners living abroad｜在海外生活的外国人",
   "welcome foreigners｜欢迎外国人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "foreign (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指外国人；特指游客时用visitor更自然。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "foreigner"
 },
 {
  "w": "engaged",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "已订婚的",
    "en": "Having formally agreed to marry someone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "忙于；参与的",
    "en": "Actively involved in an activity or task."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "占线的；使用中的",
    "en": "Currently being used and therefore unavailable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister got engaged during her holiday by the sea.",
    "zh": "我姐姐在海边度假时订婚了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who are actively engaged in classroom discussions often develop stronger communication and critical thinking skills.",
    "zh": "积极参与课堂讨论的学生往往能培养更强的沟通和批判性思维能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get engaged｜订婚",
   "engaged to someone｜与某人订婚",
   "engaged in research｜从事研究",
   "the line is engaged｜电话占线"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "engage (v.)",
   "engagement (n.)",
   "engaging (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "订婚对象前用to；参与的活动前用in。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "engaged"
 },
 {
  "w": "throughout",
  "uk": "/θruːˈaʊt/",
  "us": "/θruːˈaʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "遍及；贯穿整个时期",
    "en": "In every part of a place or during an entire period."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "到处；自始至终",
    "en": "In every part or for the whole time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The smell of fresh bread spread throughout the house.",
    "zh": "新鲜面包的香味飘满了整栋房子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable internet access throughout rural areas is essential for reducing inequalities in education and employment.",
    "zh": "在农村地区全面提供可靠的互联网接入，对减少教育和就业方面的不平等至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "throughout the world｜遍及世界",
   "throughout the year｜全年",
   "throughout history｜纵观历史",
   "remain consistent throughout｜始终保持一致"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "throughout强调整个范围或全程，不只是某一点。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "throughout"
 },
 {
  "w": "fool",
  "uk": "/fuːl/",
  "us": "/fuːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "傻瓜；蠢人",
    "en": "someone who behaves without good sense or judgment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "欺骗；愚弄",
    "en": "to make someone believe something that is not true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The realistic plastic spider fooled everyone at the party.",
    "zh": "那只逼真的塑料蜘蛛骗过了聚会上的所有人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Misleading advertisements can fool consumers into buying products that offer little practical benefit.",
    "zh": "误导性广告可能诱使消费者购买几乎没有实际用处的产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fool someone into doing something｜骗某人做某事",
   "make a fool of yourself｜出洋相",
   "fool around｜胡闹"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "foolish (adj.)",
   "foolishly (adv.)",
   "foolishness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fool作名词称呼别人有贬义；动词可接into doing。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fool"
 },
 {
  "w": "suit",
  "uk": "/suːt/",
  "us": "/suːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "适合；合心意",
    "en": "to be convenient or right for someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使显得好看；相配",
    "en": "to make someone look attractive"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一套西装；套装",
    "en": "matching clothes consisting of a jacket and trousers or skirt"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Would an earlier appointment suit you better tomorrow?",
    "zh": "明天把预约时间提前一点会更适合你吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working hours suit employees who need to balance professional responsibilities with family commitments.",
    "zh": "弹性工作时间适合需要兼顾工作职责与家庭责任的员工。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "suit your needs｜满足你的需求",
   "suit everyone｜适合所有人",
   "a business suit｜商务西装"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suitable (adj.)",
   "unsuitable (adj.)",
   "suitability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "suit强调合适或好看；fit强调尺寸合身。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suit"
 },
 {
  "w": "time off",
  "uk": "/ˌtaɪm ˈɒf/",
  "us": "/ˌtaɪm ˈɔːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "休假；不上班的时间",
    "en": "Time when you are not working or attending school."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I need some time off to visit my grandparents.",
    "zh": "我需要请几天假去看望祖父母。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing paid time off can improve employee wellbeing and reduce stress in the workplace.",
    "zh": "提供带薪休假可以改善员工身心健康，减轻工作压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take time off｜请假；休假",
   "paid time off｜带薪休假",
   "time off work｜不上班的时间"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；请一天假可说 take a day off。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "time-off"
 },
 {
  "w": "transfer",
  "uk": "/trænsˈfɜː(r)/",
  "us": "/trænsˈfɝː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "转移；调动；转账",
    "en": "To move someone or something from one place to another."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "转车；转学",
    "en": "To change to another vehicle, school, or institution."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "转移；调动；转账",
    "en": "The act of moving something or someone to another place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please transfer the photos from your camera to my laptop.",
    "zh": "请把相机里的照片传到我的笔记本电脑上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should support the transfer of clean technology to regions that still depend heavily on fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "政府应支持向仍高度依赖化石燃料的地区转移清洁技术。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "transfer money｜转账",
   "transfer data｜传输数据",
   "transfer to another school｜转学",
   "technology transfer｜技术转移"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transferable (adj.)",
   "transference (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "move",
   "relocate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在首音节；过去式transferred双写r。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transfer"
 },
 {
  "w": "romantic",
  "uk": "/rəʊˈmæntɪk/",
  "us": "/roʊˈmæntɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "浪漫的；爱情的",
    "en": "connected with love or expressing loving feelings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "理想化的；不切实际的",
    "en": "seeing things as more beautiful or exciting than they really are"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "浪漫的人；理想主义者",
    "en": "someone strongly influenced by love, imagination, or idealistic hopes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They enjoyed a romantic dinner beside the quiet lake.",
    "zh": "他们在宁静的湖边享用了一顿浪漫的晚餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advertisements often present a romantic image of rural life while ignoring limited services and employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "广告常把乡村生活描绘得很美好，却忽视了服务和就业机会不足的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "romantic relationship｜恋爱关系",
   "romantic dinner｜浪漫晚餐",
   "romantic comedy｜爱情喜剧",
   "a romantic view of｜对……的理想化看法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "romance (n.)",
   "romantically (adv.)",
   "romanticise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unromantic"
  ],
  "tip": "除爱情义外，也可指把现实想得过于美好。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "romantic"
 },
 {
  "w": "dot",
  "uk": "/dɒt/",
  "us": "/dɑːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "点；小圆点",
    "en": "a small round mark"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "散布于；点缀",
    "en": "to appear in scattered places across an area"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "网址或邮箱中的点",
    "en": "the spoken name for a full stop in online addresses"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her yellow umbrella has a pattern of blue dots.",
    "zh": "她的黄色雨伞上有蓝色圆点图案。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small villages dot the coastline, attracting visitors who prefer quieter alternatives to crowded seaside resorts.",
    "zh": "小村庄散布在海岸线上，吸引了那些偏爱宁静而非拥挤海滨度假区的游客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a red dot｜一个红点",
   "on the dot｜准时",
   "dotted line｜虚线",
   "be dotted with｜散布着"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dotted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "spot"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on the dot表示准时，常接在具体时刻之后。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dot"
 },
 {
  "w": "growth",
  "uk": "/ɡrəʊθ/",
  "us": "/ɡroʊθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "增长；增加",
    "en": "An increase in size, amount, or level."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生长；成长；发展",
    "en": "The process of growing physically or developing over time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赘生物；肿块",
    "en": "An unusual lump of tissue growing in or on the body."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rapid growth of our town surprised my grandparents.",
    "zh": "我们小镇的迅速扩张让我的祖父母感到惊讶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should balance economic growth with environmental protection to ensure that rising prosperity does not exhaust natural resources.",
    "zh": "政府应平衡经济增长与环境保护，确保日益繁荣的经济不会耗尽自然资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "economic growth｜经济增长",
   "population growth｜人口增长",
   "rapid growth｜快速增长",
   "personal growth｜个人成长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grow (v.)",
   "growing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "increase",
   "expansion"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "decline"
  ],
  "tip": "表示增长通常不可数；a growth可指一个肿块。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "growth"
 },
 {
  "w": "tale",
  "uk": "/teɪl/",
  "us": "/teɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "故事；传说",
    "en": "a story, especially one involving imaginary or exciting events"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经历的讲述；叙述",
    "en": "an account of something that happened to someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Grandfather told us a tale about a clever fox.",
    "zh": "祖父给我们讲了一个聪明狐狸的故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional tales can preserve cultural values while helping children explore complex emotions through memorable characters.",
    "zh": "传统故事既能传承文化价值观，也能通过令人难忘的角色帮助儿童探索复杂情感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fairy tale｜童话",
   "a folk tale｜民间故事",
   "a cautionary tale｜警示故事",
   "tell a tale｜讲故事"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "story",
   "narrative"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tale指故事；tail指尾巴，两者同音。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tale"
 },
 {
  "w": "previously",
  "uk": "/ˈpriːviəsli/",
  "us": "/ˈpriːviəsli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "以前；先前",
    "en": "At a time before now or before another event."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I had previously met our neighbour at the library.",
    "zh": "我先前在图书馆见过我们的邻居。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online courses now provide educational opportunities for people who previously had limited access to universities.",
    "zh": "在线课程如今为那些以前难以接受大学教育的人提供了学习机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "previously unknown｜先前未知的",
   "previously mentioned｜先前提到的",
   "previously published｜此前发表的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "previous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "formerly",
   "before",
   "earlier"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "subsequently"
  ],
  "tip": "previously意为先前；表示提前准备通常用in advance。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "previously"
 },
 {
  "w": "stain",
  "uk": "/steɪn/",
  "us": "/steɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "污渍；污点",
    "en": "a dirty or coloured mark that is difficult to remove"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弄脏；染色",
    "en": "to leave a lasting mark or colour on something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "染色剂",
    "en": "a substance used to colour wood or biological samples"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a coffee stain on your white shirt.",
    "zh": "你的白衬衫上有一块咖啡渍。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Manufacturers are developing fabrics that resist stains, potentially reducing the water and energy required for washing.",
    "zh": "制造商正在开发防污面料，这有望减少洗涤所需的水和能源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remove a stain｜去除污渍",
   "a coffee stain｜咖啡渍",
   "wood stain｜木材染色剂",
   "stain-resistant fabric｜防污面料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stained (adj.)",
   "stainless (adj.)",
   "staining (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "污渍用stain；普通颜色不叫stain，染色剂则可以。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stain"
 },
 {
  "w": "previous",
  "uk": "/ˈpriːviəs/",
  "us": "/ˈpriːviəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "先前的；以前的",
    "en": "happening or existing before the time or thing being discussed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The previous tenant left some plants on the balcony.",
    "zh": "上一位租客在阳台上留下了几盆植物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Previous studies suggest that regular physical activity can improve concentration and academic performance among school children.",
    "zh": "先前的研究表明，经常运动能提高学龄儿童的专注力和学习成绩。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "previous experience｜以往经验",
   "previous studies｜先前研究",
   "the previous year｜前一年"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "previously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "earlier",
   "prior"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "subsequent"
  ],
  "tip": "previous是形容词；表示“以前”用副词previously。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "previous"
 },
 {
  "w": "rat",
  "uk": "/ræt/",
  "us": "/ræt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大鼠",
    "en": "a rodent with a long tail, larger than a mouse"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A rat disappeared behind the bins near the gate.",
    "zh": "一只大鼠钻到大门附近的垃圾桶后面，不见了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Proper waste management helps control rat populations and reduces health risks in densely populated neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "妥善管理垃圾有助于控制鼠群数量，并降低人口密集社区的健康风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rat population｜大鼠种群",
   "rat trap｜捕鼠器",
   "laboratory rat｜实验用大鼠"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rat通常指大鼠，mouse通常指体型较小的小鼠。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rat"
 },
 {
  "w": "vegetarian",
  "uk": "/ˌvedʒɪˈteəriən/",
  "us": "/ˌvedʒəˈteriən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "素食者",
    "en": "A person who does not eat meat or fish."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "素食的；不含肉鱼的",
    "en": "Containing no meat or fish, or following this diet."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister became a vegetarian after learning to cook.",
    "zh": "我姐姐学会做饭后成了一名素食者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing vegetarian meals in school canteens can accommodate different dietary preferences and reduce environmental impacts.",
    "zh": "学校食堂提供素食可以满足不同的饮食偏好，并减少对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vegetarian diet｜素食饮食",
   "vegetarian option｜素食选项",
   "become a vegetarian｜成为素食者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vegetarianism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "vegetarian不吃肉和鱼；vegan还不吃蛋奶等动物产品。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vegetarian"
 },
 {
  "w": "tan",
  "uk": "/tæn/",
  "us": "/tæn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "晒成的棕褐肤色",
    "en": "a darker skin colour caused by exposure to the sun"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "晒成棕褐色",
    "en": "to become or make skin darker through exposure to sunlight"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "棕黄色的；浅褐色的",
    "en": "having a light brown colour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His summer tan had faded by the middle of winter.",
    "zh": "到了隆冬，他夏天晒出的棕褐肤色已经褪去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although a tan is sometimes considered attractive, prolonged exposure to sunlight increases the risk of skin damage.",
    "zh": "虽然晒成棕褐色有时被认为很有吸引力，但长时间日晒会增加皮肤受损的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get a tan｜晒成棕褐色",
   "a deep tan｜深棕褐肤色",
   "tan leather｜棕黄色皮革"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tanned (adj.)",
   "tanning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tan不只指晒黑；作形容词也可描述鞋包的浅褐色。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tan"
 },
 {
  "w": "diving",
  "uk": "/ˈdaɪvɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈdaɪvɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "潜水；潜水运动",
    "en": "the activity of swimming underwater, often using special breathing equipment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "跳水；跳水运动",
    "en": "the sport of jumping into water, often with controlled movements"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We went diving and saw colourful fish near the reef.",
    "zh": "我们去潜水，在礁石附近看到了色彩鲜艳的鱼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Diving tourism can support coastal economies, provided operators protect marine habitats and teach visitors responsible behaviour.",
    "zh": "潜水旅游可以促进沿海经济，前提是经营者保护海洋栖息地并教导游客负责任地行动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scuba diving｜水肺潜水",
   "a diving board｜跳板",
   "diving equipment｜潜水装备",
   "a diving instructor｜潜水教练"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dive (v.)",
   "diver (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "go diving 常指去潜水；跳水运动也叫 diving。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diving"
 },
 {
  "w": "greet",
  "uk": "/ɡriːt/",
  "us": "/ɡriːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "迎接；问候",
    "en": "to welcome someone or say hello"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "映入眼帘；传入耳鼻",
    "en": "to become noticeable when someone arrives or looks"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours greeted us warmly when we moved in.",
    "zh": "我们搬来时，邻居们热情地向我们打招呼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors are greeted by trained volunteers who explain the museum's collection and help them find their way.",
    "zh": "受过培训的志愿者迎接参观者，介绍博物馆的藏品并为他们指路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "greet someone warmly｜热情地问候某人",
   "greet someone with a smile｜微笑着迎接某人",
   "be greeted by｜受到迎接；首先看到"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "greeting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "welcome"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "greet直接接人；表示向某人问好不加to。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "greet"
 },
 {
  "w": "brochure",
  "uk": "/ˈbrəʊʃə/",
  "us": "/broʊˈʃʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宣传册；资料手册",
    "en": "A small booklet giving information about products, services, or places."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I picked up a travel brochure at the station.",
    "zh": "我在车站拿了一本旅游宣传册。"
   },
   {
    "en": "University brochures can help prospective students compare courses, accommodation options, and the facilities available on campus.",
    "zh": "大学宣传册可以帮助有意申请的学生比较课程、住宿选择及校园设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "travel brochure｜旅游宣传册",
   "university brochure｜大学招生手册",
   "promotional brochure｜推广宣传册"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "booklet",
   "pamphlet"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，常指介绍旅游、课程或产品的小册子。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brochure"
 },
 {
  "w": "ladybird",
  "uk": "/ˈleɪdibɜːd/",
  "us": "/ˈleɪdibɝːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瓢虫",
    "en": "A small beetle, often red with black spots"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiny ladybird landed on the edge of my sleeve.",
    "zh": "一只小瓢虫落在了我的袖口边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ladybirds can help farmers control certain crop pests, reducing the need for chemical pesticides.",
    "zh": "瓢虫可以帮助农民控制某些农作物害虫，从而减少化学杀虫剂的使用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a red ladybird｜一只红色瓢虫",
   "ladybird larvae｜瓢虫幼虫",
   "a seven-spot ladybird｜七星瓢虫"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "ladybug"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常用ladybird，美式常用ladybug。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ladybird"
 },
 {
  "w": "sleeve",
  "uk": "/sliːv/",
  "us": "/sliːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "袖子",
    "en": "The part of a garment that covers an arm."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保护套；套管",
    "en": "A protective cover that fits closely around an object."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I caught my sleeve on the kitchen door handle.",
    "zh": "我的袖子被厨房门把手勾住了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Workers should keep loose sleeves away from moving machinery to reduce the risk of workplace injuries.",
    "zh": "工人应让宽松的袖子远离运转中的机器，以降低工伤风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "long sleeves｜长袖",
   "roll up your sleeves｜卷起袖子",
   "protective sleeve｜保护套"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sleeveless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sleeve指衣服的袖子，不是手臂arm。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sleeve"
 },
 {
  "w": "signal",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪɡnəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪɡnəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "信号；暗号",
    "en": "A sound, movement, or light that communicates a message."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电子信号",
    "en": "An electrical or radio wave carrying information."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "示意；表明",
    "en": "Communicate through an action, or indicate that something is happening."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The coach gave a signal, and we started running.",
    "zh": "教练发出信号后，我们开始跑步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Increasing investment in renewable energy may signal a government's commitment to reducing its dependence on fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "增加可再生能源投资，可能表明政府致力于减少对化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "give a signal｜发出信号",
   "a weak signal｜微弱的信号",
   "signal a change｜预示变化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "signalling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式英式常写signalled，美式常写signaled。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "signal"
 },
 {
  "w": "examination",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˌzæmɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˌzæmɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "考试",
    "en": "a formal test of knowledge or ability"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "检查；仔细审查",
    "en": "the act of looking at something carefully to assess it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She felt relieved when her final examination was over.",
    "zh": "最后一场考试结束后，她松了一口气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A detailed examination of local housing conditions can help governments identify communities that need urgent support.",
    "zh": "对当地住房条件进行详细调查，可以帮助政府找出急需援助的社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take an examination｜参加考试",
   "pass an examination｜通过考试",
   "a medical examination｜体检",
   "close examination｜仔细检查"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "examine (v.)",
   "examiner (n.)",
   "examinee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "exam",
   "inspection"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "考试义口语常简称exam；检查义常接of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "examination"
 },
 {
  "w": "cardboard",
  "uk": "/ˈkɑːdbɔːd/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːrdbɔːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "硬纸板",
    "en": "Thick, stiff paper used for boxes and packaging"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cut the cardboard into shapes for a model house.",
    "zh": "我们把硬纸板剪成各种形状，用来制作房屋模型。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing plastic packaging with recycled cardboard can reduce waste and encourage more sustainable consumption.",
    "zh": "用再生硬纸板替代塑料包装可以减少废弃物，并促进更可持续的消费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cardboard box｜纸板箱",
   "recycled cardboard｜再生硬纸板",
   "a sheet of cardboard｜一张硬纸板"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；一张硬纸板说a sheet of cardboard。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cardboard"
 },
 {
  "w": "responsible",
  "uk": "/rɪˈspɒnsəbl/",
  "us": "/rɪˈspɑːnsəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "负责的；有责任的",
    "en": "having a duty to manage or look after something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "造成某事的；应担责的",
    "en": "being the cause of something, especially something bad"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可靠的；有责任心的",
    "en": "sensible and trustworthy in your actions and decisions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'm responsible for feeding our cat every morning.",
    "zh": "我负责每天早晨喂我们家的猫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments are responsible for ensuring that all children have access to safe and affordable education.",
    "zh": "政府有责任确保所有儿童都能接受安全且负担得起的教育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "responsible for｜对……负责",
   "responsible behaviour｜负责任的行为",
   "hold someone responsible｜认定某人应担责"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "responsibility (n.)",
   "responsibly (adv.)",
   "irresponsible (adj.)",
   "irresponsibly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "accountable",
   "reliable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "irresponsible"
  ],
  "tip": "responsible for后接名词或动名词；to后接上级。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "responsible"
 },
 {
  "w": "electronic",
  "uk": "/ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk/",
  "us": "/ɪˌlekˈtrɑːnɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "电子的；电子设备的",
    "en": "using circuits to control electrical signals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "电子形式的；数字化的",
    "en": "stored, sent, or accessed using computers"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please switch off your electronic devices during the performance.",
    "zh": "演出期间请关闭电子设备。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Electronic health records can help doctors share information efficiently, but strong safeguards are needed to protect patient privacy.",
    "zh": "电子健康档案能帮助医生高效共享信息，但必须采取有力措施保护患者隐私。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "electronic devices｜电子设备",
   "electronic records｜电子档案",
   "electronic payment｜电子支付",
   "electronic waste｜电子垃圾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "electron (n.)",
   "electronics (n.)",
   "electronically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "electronic强调电子电路；electric泛指用电的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "electronic"
 },
 {
  "w": "Fahrenheit",
  "uk": "/ˈfærənhaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈfærənhaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "华氏温标的",
    "en": "Using a temperature scale where water freezes at thirty-two degrees"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "华氏温标",
    "en": "The temperature scale with water boiling at two hundred twelve degrees"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The recipe says to bake at three hundred degrees Fahrenheit.",
    "zh": "食谱说要在华氏三百度的温度下烘烤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International weather reports may provide temperatures in both Fahrenheit and Celsius to serve different audiences.",
    "zh": "国际天气预报可能同时提供华氏和摄氏温度，以满足不同受众的需要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "degrees Fahrenheit｜华氏度",
   "Fahrenheit scale｜华氏温标",
   "convert Fahrenheit to Celsius｜将华氏温度换算为摄氏温度"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指华氏温标，并非温度计；首字母始终大写。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fahrenheit"
 },
 {
  "w": "approximately",
  "uk": "/əˈprɒksɪmətli/",
  "us": "/əˈprɑːksɪmətli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "大约；近似地",
    "en": "Close to a particular amount, but not exactly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The walk to the lake takes approximately twenty minutes.",
    "zh": "步行到湖边大约需要二十分钟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Approximately half of the households surveyed reported using public transport at least once a week.",
    "zh": "受访家庭中，约有一半表示每周至少使用一次公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "approximately equal｜大致相等",
   "approximately half｜大约一半",
   "approximately double｜大约两倍"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "approximate (adj.)",
   "approximate (v.)",
   "approximation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "about",
   "roughly",
   "around"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "exactly"
  ],
  "tip": "多放在数量前，语气比about更正式。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "approximately"
 },
 {
  "w": "corridor",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒrɪdɔː/",
  "us": "/ˈkɔːrɪdɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "走廊；过道",
    "en": "a long passage connecting rooms inside a building"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狭长通道；走廊地带",
    "en": "a strip of land connecting areas for movement or transport"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her footsteps echoed along the empty corridor after class.",
    "zh": "下课后，她的脚步声在空荡荡的走廊里回响。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wildlife corridors allow animals to move safely between habitats that roads and urban development have separated.",
    "zh": "野生动物廊道使动物能够在被道路和城市开发分隔的栖息地之间安全迁移。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a narrow corridor｜狭窄的走廊",
   "along the corridor｜沿着走廊",
   "a wildlife corridor｜野生动物廊道",
   "a transport corridor｜交通走廊"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "passage",
   "hallway"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指建筑内走廊，也指连接地区的狭长地带。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "corridor"
 },
 {
  "w": "tick",
  "uk": "/tɪk/",
  "us": "/tɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打钩；作滴答声",
    "en": "To mark an item as correct, or make repeated clicking sounds."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钩号；滴答声",
    "en": "A mark showing correctness, or a short sound a clock makes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蜱；壁虱",
    "en": "A small creature that attaches to skin and feeds on blood."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old clock ticks softly beside my bed.",
    "zh": "那只旧钟在我的床边轻轻地滴答作响。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Participants should tick the appropriate boxes to indicate how frequently they use public transport.",
    "zh": "参与者应在相应方框内打钩，说明自己使用公共交通的频率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tick a box｜在方框内打钩",
   "tick off｜打钩标记",
   "a tick bite｜蜱虫叮咬",
   "a clock ticks｜钟表滴答作响"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ticking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“打钩”英式常用tick，美式常用check。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tick"
 },
 {
  "w": "hurricane",
  "uk": "/ˈhʌrɪkən/",
  "us": "/ˈhɝːɪkeɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "飓风",
    "en": "a powerful tropical storm with extremely strong winds"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed indoors as the hurricane approached the coast.",
    "zh": "飓风逼近海岸时，我们待在室内。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal cities need stronger flood defences and reliable warning systems to protect residents when a hurricane approaches.",
    "zh": "沿海城市需要更坚固的防洪设施和可靠的预警系统，以在飓风来临时保护居民。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "powerful hurricane｜强烈的飓风",
   "hurricane season｜飓风季",
   "hurricane warning｜飓风警报",
   "hurricane damage｜飓风造成的破坏"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "tropical cyclone"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hurricane和typhoon均属热带气旋，名称因海域而异。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hurricane"
 },
 {
  "w": "Bible",
  "uk": "/ˈbaɪbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈbaɪbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "《圣经》",
    "en": "the collection of sacred writings used in Christianity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She keeps a Bible on the shelf beside her bed.",
    "zh": "她在床边的架子上放着一本《圣经》。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying the Bible can help students understand religious references in European literature and visual art.",
    "zh": "研读《圣经》可以帮助学生理解欧洲文学和视觉艺术中的宗教典故。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "read the Bible｜阅读《圣经》",
   "a Bible translation｜《圣经》译本",
   "Bible study｜《圣经》研读"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "biblical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "Scripture"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指《圣经》时首字母大写，通常用the Bible。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bible"
 },
 {
  "w": "warning",
  "uk": "/ˈwɔːnɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːrnɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "警告；提醒",
    "en": "Something said or done to alert someone to danger or problems."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预兆；警示信号",
    "en": "A sign that something harmful or unpleasant may happen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We turned back after the guide's warning about slippery rocks.",
    "zh": "听到向导提醒岩石湿滑后，我们折返了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective flood warning systems allow residents to leave dangerous areas before roads become impossible to use.",
    "zh": "有效的洪水预警系统能让居民在道路无法通行前撤离危险区域。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "issue a warning｜发出警告",
   "early warning system｜预警系统",
   "without warning｜毫无预警地",
   "heed a warning｜听从警告"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "warn (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "alert",
   "caution"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "warning是名词，也可作warn的现在分词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "warning"
 },
 {
  "w": "retell",
  "uk": "/ˌriːˈtel/",
  "us": "/ˌriːˈtel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "复述；重新讲述",
    "en": "to tell a story or describe events again"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother retells her favourite story every winter.",
    "zh": "奶奶每年冬天都会再讲一遍她最喜欢的故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Asking students to retell a story in their own words can improve comprehension and speaking skills.",
    "zh": "让学生用自己的话复述故事，可以提高理解能力和口语技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "retell a story｜复述故事",
   "retell events｜重述事件",
   "retell in your own words｜用自己的话复述"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "retelling (n.)",
   "tell (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "recount"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为retold。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "retell"
 },
 {
  "w": "loudspeaker",
  "uk": "/ˌlaʊdˈspiːkə/",
  "us": "/ˌlaʊdˈspiːkər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "扬声器；扩音器",
    "en": "A device that makes recorded or transmitted sound audible"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A voice from the loudspeaker announced our train's arrival.",
    "zh": "扩音器里传来播报我们列车到站的声音。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport stations use loudspeaker systems to communicate urgent safety information to large numbers of passengers.",
    "zh": "公共交通车站利用扩音系统向大量乘客传达紧急安全信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "loudspeaker system｜扩音系统",
   "over the loudspeaker｜通过扩音器",
   "portable loudspeaker｜便携式扬声器"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "speaker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "speaker"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "loudspeaker指设备；speaker还可指说话者。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "loudspeaker"
 },
 {
  "w": "net",
  "uk": "/net/",
  "us": "/net/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "网；网状物",
    "en": "material made of crossing threads with spaces between them"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "净的；扣除费用后的",
    "en": "remaining after costs, taxes, or other amounts have been deducted"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "净赚；获得",
    "en": "to earn as profit or successfully obtain something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small silver fish wriggled inside the fishing net.",
    "zh": "一条银色的小鱼在渔网里扭动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The company increased its net profit by reducing energy consumption rather than raising prices for customers.",
    "zh": "这家公司通过减少能源消耗而非提高售价来增加净利润。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fishing net｜渔网",
   "net profit｜净利润",
   "net income｜净收入",
   "net gain｜净增益"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "netting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "gross"
  ],
  "tip": "net指扣除成本或税款后的净额；gross指扣除前的总额。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "net"
 },
 {
  "w": "delivery",
  "uk": "/dɪˈlɪvəri/",
  "us": "/dɪˈlɪvəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "递送；交付",
    "en": "the act of taking goods or messages to someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分娩",
    "en": "the process of giving birth to a baby"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "演讲方式；表达方式",
    "en": "the way someone speaks or performs in public"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our grocery delivery arrived just before we started cooking.",
    "zh": "我们订购的食品杂货在开始做饭前刚好送到了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The growing demand for home delivery has increased traffic congestion in many urban neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "不断增长的送货上门需求加剧了许多城市社区的交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "free delivery｜免费配送",
   "delivery service｜配送服务",
   "delivery driver｜送货司机",
   "a smooth delivery｜顺利分娩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deliver (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "delivery指递送服务或过程；deliver是动词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "delivery"
 },
 {
  "w": "campus",
  "uk": "/ˈkæmpəs/",
  "us": "/ˈkæmpəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大学校园；校区",
    "en": "the grounds and buildings belonging to a university or college"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a quiet bench near the campus library.",
    "zh": "我们在校园图书馆附近找到了一张安静的长椅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing affordable accommodation on campus can help students spend less time commuting and more time studying.",
    "zh": "提供价格合理的校内住宿可以帮助学生减少通勤时间，增加学习时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on campus｜在校园内",
   "off campus｜在校外",
   "university campus｜大学校园",
   "campus facilities｜校园设施"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“在校园内”通常用on campus，不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "campus"
 },
 {
  "w": "similarity",
  "uk": "/ˌsɪməˈlærəti/",
  "us": "/ˌsɪməˈlærəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "相似；相似点",
    "en": "The state of being alike, or a shared feature"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The similarity between these two jackets surprised me.",
    "zh": "这两件夹克如此相似，让我很惊讶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Despite their geographical distance, the two regions show striking similarities in traditional farming methods.",
    "zh": "尽管地理位置相距遥远，这两个地区的传统耕作方式却有着惊人的相似之处。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "striking similarity｜惊人的相似",
   "similarity between｜……之间的相似性",
   "bear a similarity to｜与……相似"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "similar (adj.)",
   "similarly (adv.)",
   "dissimilar (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "resemblance",
   "likeness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "difference",
   "dissimilarity"
  ],
  "tip": "相似性常不可数；具体相似点可数，常用复数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "similarity"
 },
 {
  "w": "weapon",
  "uk": "/ˈwepən/",
  "us": "/ˈwepən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "武器；兵器",
    "en": "an object used for fighting or causing physical harm"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displays an ancient weapon behind thick glass.",
    "zh": "博物馆将一件古代兵器陈列在厚玻璃后。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stricter controls on weapon sales may help governments improve public safety and reduce violent crime.",
    "zh": "更严格地管控武器销售可能有助于政府改善公共安全并减少暴力犯罪。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nuclear weapon｜核武器",
   "carry a weapon｜携带武器",
   "weapon sales｜武器销售"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "weaponry (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；武器的总称也可用weaponry。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "weapon"
 },
 {
  "w": "personally",
  "uk": "/ˈpɜːsənəli/",
  "us": "/ˈpɝːsənəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "就个人而言",
    "en": "used to introduce your own opinion or preference"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "亲自；本人",
    "en": "by a particular person rather than someone acting for them"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "针对个人地",
    "en": "as relating to someone's character rather than their actions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Personally, I prefer walking to taking the bus.",
    "zh": "就我个人而言，我更喜欢步行而不是乘公交车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Personally, I believe that public libraries remain essential because they provide free access to reliable information.",
    "zh": "我个人认为，公共图书馆仍不可或缺，因为它们让人们免费获取可靠信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "personally speaking｜就个人而言",
   "take something personally｜认为某事针对自己",
   "personally responsible｜负有个人责任",
   "know someone personally｜与某人本人相识"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "person (n.)",
   "personal (adj.)",
   "personality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "take it personally指把事情看作针对自己。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "personally"
 },
 {
  "w": "throat",
  "uk": "/θrəʊt/",
  "us": "/θroʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喉咙；咽喉",
    "en": "the passage inside the neck through which air and food pass"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My throat felt dry after talking all afternoon.",
    "zh": "说了一下午话后，我觉得喉咙很干。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poor air quality can irritate the throat and worsen breathing problems, particularly among children and older adults.",
    "zh": "空气质量差会刺激咽喉并加重呼吸问题，儿童和老年人尤其容易受到影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sore throat｜喉咙痛",
   "clear your throat｜清嗓子",
   "throat infection｜咽喉感染"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "throaty (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "喉咙痛用have a sore throat，注意冠词a。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "throat"
 },
 {
  "w": "dare",
  "uk": "/deə/",
  "us": "/der/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "敢于；胆敢",
    "en": "to have enough courage to do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "激将；挑战",
    "en": "to challenge someone to do something requiring courage"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "激将；挑战",
    "en": "a challenge to do something difficult or frightening"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I finally dared to sing in front of everyone.",
    "zh": "我终于敢在大家面前唱歌了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students are more likely to dare to question established ideas when teachers welcome respectful disagreement.",
    "zh": "当教师欢迎有礼貌的不同意见时，学生更有可能敢于质疑既有观念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dare to ask｜敢于提问",
   "dare someone to do something｜激某人做某事",
   "not dare｜不敢",
   "for a dare｜为了应对激将"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "daring (adj.)",
   "daringly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "敢做用dare to do；激将用dare sb to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dare"
 },
 {
  "w": "confident",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnfɪdənt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnfɪdənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自信的",
    "en": "believing in your own ability to succeed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "确信的；有把握的",
    "en": "certain that something is true or will happen"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After weeks of practice, I felt confident on stage.",
    "zh": "经过几周练习，我站在台上时感到很自信。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students become more confident when teachers provide constructive feedback and opportunities to practise new skills.",
    "zh": "当教师提供建设性反馈和练习新技能的机会时，学生会变得更自信。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel confident｜感到自信",
   "confident about the future｜对未来有信心",
   "confident that｜确信"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "confidence (n.)",
   "confidently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "self-assured",
   "certain"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "insecure",
   "uncertain"
  ],
  "tip": "confident是形容词；confidence是名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "confident"
 },
 {
  "w": "arrow",
  "uk": "/ˈærəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈæroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "箭头；箭头符号",
    "en": "a pointed symbol showing direction"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "箭",
    "en": "a thin pointed object shot from a bow"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Follow the arrow on the floor to the exit.",
    "zh": "沿着地板上的箭头走到出口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear arrows on station floors can improve passenger flow and reduce confusion during busy commuting periods.",
    "zh": "车站地面上清晰的箭头可以改善客流，减少通勤高峰期的混乱。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "follow the arrow｜沿箭头方向走",
   "an arrow points to｜箭头指向",
   "bow and arrow｜弓箭",
   "shoot an arrow｜射箭"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "arrow既指弓射出的“箭”，也指示方向的“箭头”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arrow"
 },
 {
  "w": "grade",
  "uk": "/ɡreɪd/",
  "us": "/ɡreɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成绩；等级",
    "en": "a mark showing achievement, or a level of quality"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "年级",
    "en": "a school year level, especially in the American system"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "评分；分级",
    "en": "to assess work or sort things by quality"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I got a good grade on my science project.",
    "zh": "我的科学课项目得了个好成绩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should grade assignments consistently so that students understand how their performance is assessed across different subjects.",
    "zh": "教师应按一致的标准给作业评分，让学生了解不同学科如何评估他们的表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get a good grade｜取得好成绩",
   "grade assignments｜给作业评分",
   "in sixth grade｜在六年级",
   "high-grade materials｜优质材料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grading (n.)",
   "graded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示年级时多用于美式英语；英式英语常用year。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grade"
 },
 {
  "w": "episode",
  "uk": "/ˈepɪsəʊd/",
  "us": "/ˈepɪsoʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "剧集的一集",
    "en": "one part of a television or radio series"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一段经历；事件",
    "en": "a particular event or period within a longer story"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疾病的一次发作",
    "en": "a period when someone experiences a particular illness or symptom"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the final episode together after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，我们一起看了最后一集。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each episode of the documentary explores how urban development affects wildlife in different parts of the world.",
    "zh": "这部纪录片每一集都探讨城市发展如何影响世界不同地区的野生动物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the final episode｜最后一集",
   "an episode of｜……的一集",
   "a pilot episode｜试播集",
   "a brief episode｜一段短暂经历"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "episodic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "episode指一集；series指整部系列或连续剧。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "episode"
 },
 {
  "w": "frame",
  "uk": "/freɪm/",
  "us": "/freɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "框；框架；骨架",
    "en": "a structure that surrounds or supports something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……装框",
    "en": "to put a picture or similar object inside a frame"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "组织表达；构思",
    "en": "to express or present something in a particular way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We chose a wooden frame for our family photograph.",
    "zh": "我们为全家福选了一个木制相框。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The way journalists frame environmental issues can influence public attitudes towards conservation and government policy.",
    "zh": "记者呈现环境议题的方式会影响公众对环境保护和政府政策的态度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a picture frame｜相框",
   "a bicycle frame｜自行车车架",
   "frame a question｜组织问题的措辞",
   "a frame of reference｜参照体系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "framework (n.)",
   "framing (n.)",
   "reframe (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "frame既可指实体框架，也可指组织表达的方式。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "frame"
 },
 {
  "w": "scenery",
  "uk": "/ˈsiːnəri/",
  "us": "/ˈsiːnəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "风景；景色",
    "en": "The natural features of a place considered for their beauty."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "舞台布景",
    "en": "Painted backgrounds and structures that create a play's setting."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stopped by the lake to admire the scenery.",
    "zh": "我们在湖边停下来欣赏风景。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting natural scenery can attract responsible tourism while preserving valuable habitats for local wildlife.",
    "zh": "保护自然风景可以吸引负责任的旅游活动，同时为当地野生动物保留宝贵的栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "beautiful scenery｜美丽的风景",
   "mountain scenery｜山间景色",
   "spectacular scenery｜壮丽的景色",
   "stage scenery｜舞台布景"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scenic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "landscape"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "scenery是不可数名词，不说a scenery或sceneries。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scenery"
 },
 {
  "w": "lover",
  "uk": "/ˈlʌvə/",
  "us": "/ˈlʌvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恋人；情人",
    "en": "Someone in a romantic or sexual relationship with another person."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爱好者",
    "en": "Someone who enjoys or admires something very much."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The two lovers walked hand in hand beside the river.",
    "zh": "这对恋人手牵着手沿河散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public gardens offer nature lovers valuable opportunities to observe wildlife without leaving the city.",
    "zh": "公共花园为自然爱好者提供了不出城就能观察野生动物的宝贵机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "young lovers｜年轻恋人",
   "a music lover｜音乐爱好者",
   "a nature lover｜自然爱好者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "love (n.)",
   "love (v.)",
   "loving (adj.)",
   "lovable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表爱好者常用名词＋lover；单用可能指情人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lover"
 },
 {
  "w": "elbow",
  "uk": "/ˈelbəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈelboʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肘；肘部",
    "en": "the joint where your arm bends"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用肘推挤",
    "en": "to push someone or something with your elbow"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I knocked my elbow against the kitchen door.",
    "zh": "我的胳膊肘撞到了厨房门上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Passengers sometimes elbow their way onto crowded trains, making public transport uncomfortable for others.",
    "zh": "乘客有时用肘推挤着登上拥挤的列车，让其他人乘车时感到不适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bend your elbow｜弯曲手肘",
   "rest your elbows on｜将双肘搁在……上",
   "elbow your way through｜用肘推挤着穿过"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "elbow作动词时常指用肘推挤着前进。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elbow"
 },
 {
  "w": "stationery",
  "uk": "/ˈsteɪʃənəri/",
  "us": "/ˈsteɪʃəneri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文具；信纸信封",
    "en": "Materials used for writing, such as paper, pens, and envelopes."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I bought some stationery for my new evening class.",
    "zh": "我为新报的夜校课程买了些文具。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing basic stationery can help disadvantaged students participate more fully in classroom activities and complete assignments.",
    "zh": "提供基本文具可以帮助弱势学生更充分地参与课堂活动并完成作业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "office stationery｜办公文具",
   "stationery supplies｜文具用品",
   "stationery shop｜文具店"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stationer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；勿与stationary（静止的）混淆。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stationery"
 },
 {
  "w": "though",
  "uk": "/ðəʊ/",
  "us": "/ðoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "虽然；尽管",
    "en": "Despite the fact that something is true."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "不过；然而",
    "en": "Used to introduce a contrasting point, often at sentence end."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Though it was raining, we still walked to the bakery.",
    "zh": "虽然下着雨，我们还是步行去了面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Though online courses offer greater flexibility, many students still benefit from direct interaction with teachers.",
    "zh": "虽然线上课程更加灵活，但许多学生仍能从与教师的直接交流中获益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "even though｜即使；尽管",
   "as though｜仿佛；好像"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "although",
   "however"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "引导让步从句时不与but连用；句末可表“不过”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "though"
 },
 {
  "w": "pressure",
  "uk": "/ˈpreʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈpreʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "心理压力；催迫",
    "en": "Worry or demands that make someone feel forced to act"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "压力；压强",
    "en": "Force pressing on a surface or within a substance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "迫使；向…施压",
    "en": "Try to make someone do something through strong persuasion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I feel pressure to answer work messages immediately.",
    "zh": "我觉得自己必须立即回复工作消息，这让我有压力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should avoid putting excessive pressure on staff, as this can damage both health and productivity.",
    "zh": "雇主应避免给员工施加过大压力，因为这既可能损害健康，也可能降低生产力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "under pressure｜承受压力",
   "put pressure on｜向…施压",
   "blood pressure｜血压",
   "pressure someone into doing something｜迫使某人做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "press (v.)",
   "pressurise (v.)",
   "pressurised (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "under pressure表示承压；动词常接into doing。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pressure"
 },
 {
  "w": "flour",
  "uk": "/flaʊə/",
  "us": "/ˈflaʊər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "面粉；谷物粉",
    "en": "powder made by grinding grain, used especially in baking"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "撒面粉于",
    "en": "to cover a surface or food lightly with flour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Add the flour slowly and stir until smooth.",
    "zh": "慢慢加入面粉，搅拌至顺滑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing some refined flour with wholemeal flour can increase the fibre content of everyday foods.",
    "zh": "用全麦面粉替代部分精制面粉，可以提高日常食品中的膳食纤维含量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plain flour｜普通面粉",
   "wholemeal flour｜全麦面粉",
   "rice flour｜米粉",
   "flour a surface｜在台面上撒面粉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "floury (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "flour通常不可数，且与flower同音。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flour"
 },
 {
  "w": "keep-fit",
  "uk": "/ˌkiːp ˈfɪt/",
  "us": "/ˌkiːp ˈfɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "健身锻炼；健身操",
    "en": "Physical exercises done to stay healthy and fit."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt attends keep-fit classes at the community centre.",
    "zh": "我姑姑在社区中心参加健身课。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable keep-fit classes can encourage older adults to exercise regularly and maintain social connections within their communities.",
    "zh": "收费低廉的健身课可以鼓励老年人定期锻炼，并保持社区内的社交联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep-fit classes｜健身课",
   "keep-fit exercises｜健身运动"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "exercise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要用于英式英语；动词短语keep fit不加连字符。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "keep-fit"
 },
 {
  "w": "sunburn",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌnbɜːn/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌnbɜːrn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "晒伤",
    "en": "red, painful skin caused by too much exposure to sunlight"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I got sunburn after spending all afternoon outside.",
    "zh": "我在外面待了一整个下午，结果晒伤了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns should explain that preventing sunburn requires suitable clothing and shade as well as sunscreen.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传应说明，预防晒伤不仅需要防晒霜，还需要合适的衣物和遮阴。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get sunburn｜被晒伤",
   "severe sunburn｜严重晒伤",
   "prevent sunburn｜预防晒伤"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sunburned (adj.)",
   "sunburnt (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常说get sunburn；美式也常说get a sunburn。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sunburn"
 },
 {
  "w": "injection",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdʒekʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdʒekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "注射",
    "en": "Putting medicine into the body using a needle."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "资金等的注入",
    "en": "The addition of money or resources to improve something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse gave me an injection in my arm.",
    "zh": "护士在我的手臂上打了一针。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An injection of public funding could help local libraries modernise their facilities and expand community services.",
    "zh": "注入公共资金可以帮助当地图书馆更新设施并拓展社区服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "give an injection｜打针",
   "receive an injection｜接受注射",
   "a cash injection｜一笔现金注入",
   "an injection of funding｜资金的注入"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inject (v.)",
   "injectable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "注入资金可说an injection of cash，属于比喻用法。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "injection"
 },
 {
  "w": "performer",
  "uk": "/pəˈfɔːmə/",
  "us": "/pɚˈfɔːrmɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "表演者；演出者",
    "en": "someone who entertains an audience by acting, singing, or playing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "表现出某种水平的人或事物",
    "en": "a person or thing achieving a particular level of success"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A street performer juggled oranges beside the crowded market.",
    "zh": "一名街头艺人在拥挤的市场旁抛接橙子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public funding can help young performers develop their skills and bring live entertainment to underserved communities.",
    "zh": "公共资金可以帮助年轻表演者提升技能，并将现场演出带到文化服务不足的社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a street performer｜街头艺人",
   "a live performer｜现场表演者",
   "a top performer｜表现优异者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perform (v.)",
   "performance (n.)",
   "performing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "entertainer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不仅指演员；top performer也可指业绩优异的员工。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "performer"
 },
 {
  "w": "chimney",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃɪmni/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃɪmni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烟囱",
    "en": "a structure that carries smoke from a fire outside"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Smoke rose from the chimney into the cold evening air.",
    "zh": "烟从烟囱升起，飘入傍晚寒冷的空气中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing filters in factory chimneys can reduce the amount of harmful particles released into the atmosphere.",
    "zh": "在工厂烟囱中安装过滤装置，可以减少排入大气的有害颗粒物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "factory chimney｜工厂烟囱",
   "chimney pot｜烟囱顶管",
   "chimney sweep｜烟囱清扫工"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数直接加-s：chimneys，不改y为i。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chimney"
 },
 {
  "w": "length",
  "uk": "/leŋθ/",
  "us": "/leŋθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "长度",
    "en": "The distance from one end of something to the other."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "持续时间",
    "en": "The amount of time something lasts."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We measured the length of the table before buying chairs.",
    "zh": "我们买椅子之前量了桌子的长度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The length of the school day can affect both student concentration and family routines.",
    "zh": "每天在校时间的长短既会影响学生的注意力，也会影响家庭的日常安排。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in length｜在长度上",
   "the length of time｜时间的长短",
   "at length｜详细地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "long (adj.)",
   "lengthen (v.)",
   "lengthy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "at length常指“详细地”，不是“在长度上”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "length"
 },
 {
  "w": "recognize",
  "uk": "/ˈrekəɡnaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈrekəɡnaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "认出；识别",
    "en": "Identify someone or something known or seen before."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "承认；意识到",
    "en": "Accept or understand that something is true or important."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "正式认可；表彰",
    "en": "Officially accept someone's status, qualifications, or achievements."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I recognized my old teacher by her familiar laugh.",
    "zh": "我听到熟悉的笑声，认出了以前的老师。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should recognize the value of practical experience when assessing candidates who lack formal qualifications.",
    "zh": "评估缺乏正式学历或资质的求职者时，雇主应认可实践经验的价值。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "recognize a face｜认出一张脸",
   "recognize the importance of｜认识到……的重要性",
   "recognize someone as｜认可某人为……",
   "internationally recognized｜国际公认的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recognition (n.)",
   "recognizable (adj.)",
   "unrecognizable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "identify",
   "acknowledge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也常拼作recognise；表示“认出”时通常不用进行时。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recognize"
 },
 {
  "w": "shock",
  "uk": "/ʃɒk/",
  "us": "/ʃɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "震惊；意外打击",
    "en": "a strong feeling of surprise caused by something unexpected"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使震惊",
    "en": "to make someone feel very surprised or upset"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "休克；电击",
    "en": "a dangerous medical collapse, or an electrical jolt through the body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sudden rise in rent came as a shock.",
    "zh": "租金突然上涨，让人十分震惊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Moving abroad can cause culture shock, particularly when everyday customs differ greatly from those at home.",
    "zh": "移居国外可能带来文化冲击，尤其是当日常习俗与本国差异很大时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "come as a shock｜令人震惊",
   "culture shock｜文化冲击",
   "electric shock｜电击",
   "in a state of shock｜处于震惊状态"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shocked (adj.)",
   "shocking (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "人感到震惊用shocked；事物令人震惊用shocking。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shock"
 },
 {
  "w": "baby-sit",
  "uk": "/ˈbeɪbisɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈbeɪbisɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "临时照看小孩",
    "en": "To look after children while their parents are away."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you baby-sit for us on Saturday evening?",
    "zh": "你能在周六晚上帮我们照看孩子吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Relatives who baby-sit regularly can reduce childcare costs and help parents remain in employment.",
    "zh": "经常帮忙照看孩子的亲属可以降低育儿成本，帮助父母继续工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "baby-sit for someone｜替某人照看孩子",
   "baby-sit the children｜临时照看孩子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "babysitter (n.)",
   "babysitting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "更常写作babysit；过去式为baby-sat。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "baby-sit"
 },
 {
  "w": "sticky",
  "uk": "/ˈstɪki/",
  "us": "/ˈstɪki/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "黏的；有黏性的",
    "en": "able to stick to things, often because of a substance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "湿热的；闷热的",
    "en": "uncomfortably warm and damp"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "棘手的；难处理的",
    "en": "difficult or awkward to deal with"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My fingers were sticky after eating the honey cake.",
    "zh": "吃完蜂蜜蛋糕后，我的手指黏糊糊的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Food packaging often contains sticky residues that must be removed before the materials can be recycled effectively.",
    "zh": "食品包装上常有黏性残留物，必须先清除才能有效回收材料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sticky tape｜胶带",
   "sticky fingers｜黏糊糊的手指",
   "a sticky situation｜棘手的局面",
   "hot and sticky｜湿热的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stick (v.)",
   "stickiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adhesive",
   "tacky"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sticky weather指湿热天气；sticky situation指困境。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sticky"
 },
 {
  "w": "symptom",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪmptəm/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪmptəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "症状",
    "en": "a physical or mental change that suggests an illness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "征兆；问题的表现",
    "en": "a sign that an underlying problem exists"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A sore throat was her first symptom of illness.",
    "zh": "喉咙痛是她生病后出现的第一个症状。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High staff turnover can be a symptom of poor management rather than a shortage of skilled workers.",
    "zh": "员工流动率高可能反映管理不善，而非技术工人短缺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "common symptom｜常见症状",
   "symptom of illness｜疾病症状",
   "relieve symptoms｜缓解症状"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "symptomatic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用a symptom of；症状缓解用relieve symptoms。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "symptom"
 },
 {
  "w": "honeymoon",
  "uk": "/ˈhʌnimuːn/",
  "us": "/ˈhʌnimuːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蜜月；蜜月旅行",
    "en": "A holiday taken by a couple just after their wedding."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "初期的短暂和谐",
    "en": "An early period when a relationship or situation goes well."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "度蜜月",
    "en": "To take a holiday together just after getting married."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They spent their honeymoon in a quiet seaside village.",
    "zh": "他们在一个安静的海边村庄度过了蜜月。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Popular honeymoon destinations can support local economies, but excessive tourism may damage fragile coastal environments.",
    "zh": "热门蜜月目的地能促进当地经济，但过度旅游可能破坏脆弱的沿海环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on honeymoon｜在度蜜月",
   "honeymoon destination｜蜜月目的地",
   "honeymoon period｜蜜月期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "honeymooner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常说on honeymoon，美式常说on a honeymoon。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "honeymoon"
 },
 {
  "w": "translate",
  "uk": "/trænzˈleɪt/",
  "us": "/trænzˈleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "翻译",
    "en": "To express words or writing in another language"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "转化；转变为",
    "en": "To change something into a different form or practical result"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you translate this recipe into English for me?",
    "zh": "你能帮我把这份食谱翻译成英语吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must translate environmental commitments into practical policies that encourage businesses to reduce emissions.",
    "zh": "政府必须把环保承诺转化为切实的政策，鼓励企业减少排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "translate into English｜翻译成英语",
   "translate from Chinese｜从中文翻译",
   "translate ideas into action｜将想法付诸行动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "translation (n.)",
   "translator (n.)",
   "translatable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "从某语言译成另一语言：translate from…into…。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "translate"
 },
 {
  "w": "cabin",
  "uk": "/ˈkæbɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈkæbɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小木屋；简易小屋",
    "en": "A small, simple house, often built from wood."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "船舱；机舱",
    "en": "A room on a ship or passenger space in an aircraft."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent the weekend in a cabin beside the lake.",
    "zh": "我们在湖边的一间小木屋里度过了周末。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Holiday cabins in protected forests should be carefully managed to limit their impact on local wildlife.",
    "zh": "保护林区内的度假小屋应得到妥善管理，以限制其对当地野生动物的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a log cabin｜原木小屋",
   "cabin crew｜客舱乘务员",
   "a passenger cabin｜客舱",
   "cabin baggage｜随身行李"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指陆地上的小屋，也指船舱或飞机客舱。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cabin"
 },
 {
  "w": "effort",
  "uk": "/ˈefət/",
  "us": "/ˈefərt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "努力；精力",
    "en": "physical or mental energy used to achieve something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尝试；有组织的行动",
    "en": "an attempt or organised activity intended to achieve a goal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It took considerable effort to push the sofa upstairs.",
    "zh": "把沙发推上楼费了好大力气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing household waste requires a joint effort from consumers, manufacturers and local authorities to change everyday practices.",
    "zh": "减少家庭垃圾需要消费者、制造商和地方政府共同努力，改变日常做法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make an effort｜作出努力",
   "put effort into｜投入精力于",
   "a joint effort｜共同努力",
   "considerable effort｜相当大的努力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "effortless (adj.)",
   "effortlessly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "exertion",
   "attempt"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示精力时不可数；表示一次尝试时可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "effort"
 },
 {
  "w": "boxer",
  "uk": "/ˈbɒksə/",
  "us": "/ˈbɑːksər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拳击运动员",
    "en": "A person who competes in boxing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The boxer pulled on her gloves before training.",
    "zh": "这位拳击运动员在训练前戴上了手套。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A professional boxer needs disciplined training and adequate recovery time to maintain both performance and long-term health.",
    "zh": "职业拳击运动员需要有规律的训练和充分的恢复时间，以保持竞技状态和长期健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "professional boxer｜职业拳击运动员",
   "amateur boxer｜业余拳击运动员",
   "heavyweight boxer｜重量级拳击运动员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "box (v.)",
   "boxing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "box作动词可表示打拳；boxer是拳击运动员。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "boxer"
 },
 {
  "w": "battery",
  "uk": "/ˈbætəri/",
  "us": "/ˈbætəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电池；蓄电池",
    "en": "A device that stores energy and supplies electricity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一系列；一组",
    "en": "A large set of similar things, especially tests or questions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The torch needs a new battery before our trip.",
    "zh": "出发旅行前，这只手电筒需要换一节新电池。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved battery technology could make electric vehicles more affordable and reduce dependence on fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "电池技术的进步可以降低电动汽车的价格，并减少对化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a rechargeable battery｜可充电电池",
   "battery life｜电池续航时间",
   "charge a battery｜给电池充电",
   "a battery of tests｜一系列测试"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为batteries；a battery of可指一系列测试。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "battery"
 },
 {
  "w": "goods",
  "uk": "/ɡʊdz/",
  "us": "/ɡʊdz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "商品；货物",
    "en": "Things produced for sale or transported for trade."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "个人财物",
    "en": "Movable possessions belonging to a person."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop sells handmade goods from nearby villages.",
    "zh": "这家店出售附近村庄制作的手工商品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Transporting goods by rail rather than road can lower emissions and reduce congestion in urban areas.",
    "zh": "采用铁路而非公路运输货物可以降低排放，缓解城市拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "consumer goods｜消费品",
   "luxury goods｜奢侈品",
   "household goods｜家用物品",
   "transport goods｜运输货物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "merchandise",
   "products"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "goods是复数名词；一件商品可说an item。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "goods"
 },
 {
  "w": "submit",
  "uk": "/səbˈmɪt/",
  "us": "/səbˈmɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提交；呈递",
    "en": "To send a document or application for consideration"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "屈服；服从",
    "en": "To accept another person's authority or control"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please submit your application before the end of Friday.",
    "zh": "请在周五结束前提交申请。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must submit their findings for independent review before these can be published in reputable academic journals.",
    "zh": "研究人员必须先提交研究结果接受独立评审，之后才能在有良好声誉的学术期刊上发表。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "submit an application｜提交申请",
   "submit a report｜提交报告",
   "submit something to｜向……提交某物",
   "submit to authority｜服从权威"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "submission (n.)",
   "submissive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式 submitted；submit sth to sb 表示向某人提交。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "submit"
 },
 {
  "w": "aged",
  "uk": "/eɪdʒd/",
  "us": "/eɪdʒd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "……岁的",
    "en": "Having reached a particular age."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "年迈的",
    "en": "Very old, especially when describing people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The swimming class welcomes children aged six and above.",
    "zh": "这门游泳课欢迎六岁及以上的儿童参加。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries can support children aged five to twelve by providing free reading activities during school holidays.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆可以在学校假期提供免费阅读活动，为五至十二岁的儿童提供支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "children aged five｜五岁的儿童",
   "aged eighteen and over｜年满十八岁的",
   "aged relatives｜年迈的亲属"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "age (n.)",
   "age (v.)",
   "ageing (n.)",
   "ageless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表岁数读/eɪdʒd/；表年迈读/ˈeɪdʒɪd/。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aged"
 },
 {
  "w": "current",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌrənt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɝːənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "当前的；现行的",
    "en": "happening, existing, or being used now"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水流；气流；电流",
    "en": "a continuous movement of water, air, or electricity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My current flat is much closer to work.",
    "zh": "我现在住的公寓离上班的地方近多了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Current policies may need revision as cities face increasing pressure on housing and transport.",
    "zh": "随着城市住房和交通压力不断增加，现行政策可能需要调整。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the current situation｜当前形势",
   "current affairs｜时事",
   "a strong current｜强劲水流",
   "electric current｜电流"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "currently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "present",
   "existing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "past",
   "future"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词指当前的；名词可指水流或电流。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "current"
 },
 {
  "w": "shocked",
  "uk": "/ʃɒkt/",
  "us": "/ʃɑːkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "震惊的；惊愕的",
    "en": "Very surprised and upset by something unexpected."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "愤慨的；十分反感的",
    "en": "Feeling strong disapproval at something offensive or wrong."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was shocked to find water flooding the kitchen.",
    "zh": "发现厨房里到处是水，我惊呆了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents were shocked by the sudden closure of the only hospital serving their rural community.",
    "zh": "当地居民对唯一服务于他们乡村社区的医院突然关闭感到震惊。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deeply shocked｜深感震惊的",
   "shocked by the news｜被消息震惊",
   "shocked to hear｜听到后震惊"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shock (n.)",
   "shock (v.)",
   "shocking (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "appalled",
   "stunned"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfazed"
  ],
  "tip": "shocked形容人的感受；shocking形容令人震惊的事物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shocked"
 },
 {
  "w": "exhausted",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "筋疲力尽的",
    "en": "extremely tired and lacking energy"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "耗尽的；枯竭的",
    "en": "completely used up, with nothing remaining"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After carrying those boxes upstairs, I felt completely exhausted.",
    "zh": "把那些箱子搬上楼后，我感到筋疲力尽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees who are constantly exhausted may struggle to concentrate, increasing the risk of mistakes at work.",
    "zh": "长期疲惫不堪的员工可能难以集中注意力，从而增加工作中出错的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel exhausted｜感到筋疲力尽",
   "physically exhausted｜身体疲惫不堪",
   "mentally exhausted｜心力交瘁",
   "exhausted resources｜耗尽的资源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exhaust (v.)",
   "exhaustion (n.)",
   "exhausting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "worn out",
   "drained"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "energetic",
   "refreshed"
  ],
  "tip": "人感到累用exhausted；事情令人累用exhausting。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exhausted"
 },
 {
  "w": "enjoyment",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdʒɔɪmənt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdʒɔɪmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "享受；乐趣",
    "en": "The pleasure you get from doing or experiencing something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather gets great enjoyment from feeding the birds.",
    "zh": "我祖父从喂鸟中获得了很大的乐趣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should encourage reading for enjoyment rather than focusing exclusively on examination performance.",
    "zh": "学校应鼓励学生享受阅读的乐趣，而不是只关注考试成绩。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get enjoyment from｜从……中获得乐趣",
   "for enjoyment｜为了享受乐趣",
   "pure enjoyment｜纯粹的享受"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enjoy (v.)",
   "enjoyable (adj.)",
   "enjoyably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pleasure",
   "delight"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "displeasure"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；表示从某事获得乐趣可用get enjoyment from。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enjoyment"
 },
 {
  "w": "belief",
  "uk": "/bɪˈliːf/",
  "us": "/bɪˈliːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "相信；信心",
    "en": "Confidence that something is true or someone is capable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "信念；信仰",
    "en": "An idea accepted as true, especially about life or religion."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her belief in me helped me try again.",
    "zh": "她对我的信心让我愿意再试一次。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The belief that education improves social mobility influences government spending priorities in many countries.",
    "zh": "教育能促进社会流动的这一信念影响着许多国家的政府支出重点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "belief in someone｜对某人的信任",
   "religious beliefs｜宗教信仰",
   "a widely held belief｜普遍持有的看法",
   "contrary to popular belief｜与普遍看法相反"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "believe (v.)",
   "believable (adj.)",
   "believer (n.)",
   "disbelief (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "conviction",
   "faith"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disbelief"
  ],
  "tip": "belief in表示信任或信仰；belief that后接具体看法。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "belief"
 },
 {
  "w": "explode",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspləʊd/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsploʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "爆炸；使爆炸",
    "en": "To burst violently, or cause something to burst violently."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "激增；迅速扩大",
    "en": "To increase extremely quickly in size, amount, or popularity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "突然爆发情绪",
    "en": "To express strong feelings suddenly and forcefully."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched colourful fireworks explode above the lake.",
    "zh": "我们看着五彩烟花在湖面上空绽放。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Demand for online courses has exploded as more adults seek flexible opportunities to develop new skills.",
    "zh": "随着更多成年人寻求灵活的机会来培养新技能，在线课程的需求激增。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "explode into flames｜突然起火",
   "explode with anger｜勃然大怒",
   "demand explodes｜需求激增",
   "a firework explodes｜烟花炸开"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "explosion (n.)",
   "explosive (adj.)",
   "explosively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "burst",
   "detonate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "爆炸物作主语常用主动形式，不必用被动。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "explode"
 },
 {
  "w": "community",
  "uk": "/kəˈmjuːnəti/",
  "us": "/kəˈmjuːnəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "社区；当地居民",
    "en": "people living in the same area"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "群体；共同体",
    "en": "people sharing interests, beliefs, or a particular background"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our community gathers every spring to clean the park.",
    "zh": "我们社区的居民每年春天都会一起清理公园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries strengthen the local community by providing free learning spaces and opportunities for social interaction.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆提供免费的学习空间和社交机会，从而增强当地社区的凝聚力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local community｜当地社区",
   "community centre｜社区活动中心",
   "scientific community｜科学界",
   "sense of community｜社区归属感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "communal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指同地区居民，也指有共同背景或兴趣的群体。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "community"
 },
 {
  "w": "intention",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtenʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtenʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意图；打算；目的",
    "en": "Something that you plan or mean to do."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I had no intention of staying out so late.",
    "zh": "我原本没打算在外面待到这么晚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The government announced its intention to expand public transport in order to reduce traffic congestion.",
    "zh": "政府宣布计划扩大公共交通服务，以缓解交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have no intention of｜无意做…",
   "with the intention of｜抱着…的目的",
   "announce an intention to｜宣布做…的打算",
   "good intentions｜善意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intend (v.)",
   "intentional (adj.)",
   "intentionally (adv.)",
   "unintentional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "aim",
   "purpose",
   "plan"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用intention to do或intention of doing。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intention"
 },
 {
  "w": "strict",
  "uk": "/strɪkt/",
  "us": "/strɪkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严格的；严厉的",
    "en": "requiring rules to be obeyed and standards to be met"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严谨的；严格限定的",
    "en": "following an exact meaning or limit without exceptions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our coach is strict about arriving on time.",
    "zh": "我们的教练对准时到场要求很严格。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strict environmental regulations can encourage manufacturers to adopt cleaner technologies and reduce harmful industrial emissions.",
    "zh": "严格的环境法规可以促使制造商采用更清洁的技术，减少有害工业排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strict rules｜严格的规定",
   "strict about punctuality｜严格要求守时",
   "strict with children｜对孩子严格",
   "in the strict sense｜严格意义上"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "strictly (adv.)",
   "strictness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rigorous",
   "stringent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lenient",
   "lax"
  ],
  "tip": "对人严格用with；对事情要求严格用about。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strict"
 },
 {
  "w": "frightening",
  "uk": "/ˈfraɪtənɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈfraɪtənɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人害怕的；骇人的",
    "en": "Making someone feel afraid."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sudden thunder was frightening, but our dog stayed calm.",
    "zh": "突然响起的雷声很吓人，但我们的狗依然很镇定。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Experiencing a major flood can be frightening, especially for children who have never faced a natural disaster.",
    "zh": "遭遇大洪水可能令人恐惧，尤其是对从未经历过自然灾害的儿童而言。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "frightening experience｜可怕的经历",
   "frightening thought｜令人害怕的想法",
   "frightening prospect｜令人担忧的前景"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "frighten (v.)",
   "frightened (adj.)",
   "fright (n.)",
   "frighteningly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "scary",
   "terrifying"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reassuring"
  ],
  "tip": "frightening指事物吓人；frightened指人感到害怕。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "frightening"
 },
 {
  "w": "track",
  "uk": "/træk/",
  "us": "/træk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小路；跑道；轨道",
    "en": "A path or course for walking, running, or trains."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "追踪；监测",
    "en": "To follow movement or monitor changes over time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "足迹；车辙",
    "en": "A mark left by a person, animal, or vehicle."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We followed a narrow track through the pine forest.",
    "zh": "我们沿着一条狭窄的小路穿过松林。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers use satellite technology to track animal movements and identify habitats that require greater protection.",
    "zh": "研究人员利用卫星技术追踪动物活动，并确定需要加强保护的栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a railway track｜铁路轨道",
   "a running track｜跑道",
   "track progress｜跟踪进展",
   "keep track of｜持续了解；记录"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tracker (n.)",
   "tracking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "keep track of指持续掌握；lose track of指失去线索。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "track"
 },
 {
  "w": "northern",
  "uk": "/ˈnɔːðən/",
  "us": "/ˈnɔːrðərn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "北部的；北方的",
    "en": "In, from, or relating to the north."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandparents live in a quiet northern village.",
    "zh": "我的祖父母住在北方一个安静的村庄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Northern regions often face higher heating costs, making energy efficiency particularly important for local households.",
    "zh": "北部地区的供暖费用往往较高，因此提高能源效率对当地家庭尤其重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "northern regions｜北部地区",
   "the northern hemisphere｜北半球",
   "the northern coast｜北部海岸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "north (n.)",
   "northward (adv.)",
   "northerly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "southern"
  ],
  "tip": "northern是形容词，常置于region、coast等名词前。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "northern"
 },
 {
  "w": "unless",
  "uk": "/ənˈles/",
  "us": "/ənˈles/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "除非；如果不",
    "en": "except if; if something does not happen or is untrue"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We will eat outside unless it starts to rain.",
    "zh": "除非开始下雨，否则我们就在外面吃饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport will remain unpopular unless local authorities improve its reliability and make fares more affordable.",
    "zh": "除非地方政府提高公共交通的可靠性并降低票价，否则它仍不会受欢迎。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unless otherwise stated｜除非另有说明",
   "unless absolutely necessary｜除非绝对必要",
   "unless circumstances change｜除非情况有变"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表将来条件时，unless从句通常用一般现在时。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unless"
 },
 {
  "w": "precious",
  "uk": "/ˈpreʃəs/",
  "us": "/ˈpreʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "珍贵的；贵重的",
    "en": "Worth a lot of money or deserving great care."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "珍爱的；宝贵的",
    "en": "Deeply valued because of personal importance or limited availability."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She keeps her precious necklace in a velvet box.",
    "zh": "她把珍贵的项链放在一个天鹅绒盒子里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fresh water is a precious resource that requires careful management as populations grow and temperatures rise.",
    "zh": "随着人口增长和气温上升，淡水作为宝贵资源需要得到谨慎管理。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "precious metals｜贵金属",
   "precious stones｜宝石",
   "precious memories｜珍贵的回忆",
   "precious resources｜宝贵的资源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "preciously (adv.)",
   "preciousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "valuable",
   "treasured"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "worthless"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指金钱价值高，也可指感情上珍贵或资源稀缺。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "precious"
 },
 {
  "w": "produce",
  "uk": "/prəˈdjuːs/; /ˈprɒdjuːs/",
  "us": "/prəˈduːs/; /ˈproʊduːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "生产；创作",
    "en": "To make, grow, or create something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "产生；引起",
    "en": "To cause a result or effect."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "农产品",
    "en": "Food grown on farms, especially fruit and vegetables."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our garden produces enough tomatoes for the whole family.",
    "zh": "我们菜园里种出的番茄够全家吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in renewable energy can produce long-term benefits for both local communities and the environment.",
    "zh": "投资可再生能源可以为当地社区和环境带来长期益处。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "produce electricity｜发电",
   "produce results｜产生效果",
   "fresh produce｜新鲜农产品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "production (n.)",
   "producer (n.)",
   "productive (adj.)",
   "productivity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词重音在后，名词重音在前；农产品义不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "produce"
 },
 {
  "w": "economic",
  "uk": "/ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "经济的；经济学的",
    "en": "Relating to trade, industry, money, or the study of these."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The news discussed economic problems affecting local shops.",
    "zh": "新闻讨论了影响当地商店的经济问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport can support economic growth by connecting workers with a wider range of jobs.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通能让劳动者获得更广泛的就业机会，从而促进经济增长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "economic growth｜经济增长",
   "economic development｜经济发展",
   "economic policy｜经济政策",
   "economic recession｜经济衰退"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "economy (n.)",
   "economics (n.)",
   "economist (n.)",
   "economically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "economic指经济方面的；economical指节约的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "economic"
 },
 {
  "w": "fuel",
  "uk": "/ˈfjuːəl/",
  "us": "/ˈfjuːəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "燃料",
    "en": "material burned or used to produce heat or power"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……加燃料",
    "en": "to supply something with fuel"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "加剧；推动",
    "en": "to make a feeling or situation stronger"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stopped for fuel before driving into the mountains.",
    "zh": "我们开车进山前停下来加了油。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing demand for private cars may fuel air pollution unless governments promote cleaner alternatives.",
    "zh": "除非政府推广更清洁的替代出行方式，否则私家车需求的增长可能加剧空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fossil fuels｜化石燃料",
   "fuel consumption｜燃料消耗",
   "fuel prices｜燃料价格",
   "fuel speculation｜助长猜测"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fuelling (n.)",
   "biofuel (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fuel作动词还可表示助长情绪或推动变化。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fuel"
 },
 {
  "w": "paste",
  "uk": "/peɪst/",
  "us": "/peɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "糊状物；浆糊",
    "en": "A thick, soft mixture, sometimes used for sticking things together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用浆糊粘贴",
    "en": "To stick something onto a surface using paste."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "粘贴电子内容",
    "en": "To insert copied text or images into a digital location."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Mix the flour with water to make a paste.",
    "zh": "把面粉和水混合，调成糊状。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should not simply paste material from websites into assignments without acknowledging the original sources.",
    "zh": "学生不应直接把网站材料粘贴进作业而不注明原始来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tomato paste｜番茄膏",
   "wallpaper paste｜壁纸胶",
   "paste onto｜粘到……上",
   "copy and paste｜复制粘贴"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "糊状物通常不可数；电脑操作中指“粘贴”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "paste"
 },
 {
  "w": "financial",
  "uk": "/faɪˈnænʃəl/",
  "us": "/faɪˈnænʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "财务的；财政的；金融的",
    "en": "relating to money or how it is managed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We asked for financial advice before buying our first home.",
    "zh": "购买第一套住房前，我们咨询了理财建议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Financial support for disadvantaged students can improve access to higher education and reduce long-term inequality.",
    "zh": "为弱势学生提供经济支持可以增加他们接受高等教育的机会，并减少长期存在的不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "financial support｜经济支持",
   "financial difficulties｜经济困难",
   "financial stability｜金融稳定；财务稳定",
   "financial services｜金融服务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "finance (n.)",
   "finance (v.)",
   "financially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "monetary"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "financial侧重金钱与财务；economic侧重经济整体。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "financial"
 },
 {
  "w": "chin",
  "uk": "/tʃɪn/",
  "us": "/tʃɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "下巴",
    "en": "The part of your face below your mouth."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He rested his chin on his hand and sighed.",
    "zh": "他用手托着下巴，叹了口气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cyclists should adjust helmet straps beneath the chin to ensure a secure fit during travel.",
    "zh": "骑车者应调节下巴下方的头盔带，确保骑行时头盔佩戴牢固。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rest your chin on your hand｜用手托着下巴",
   "a pointed chin｜尖下巴",
   "a double chin｜双下巴"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "chin指下巴；jaw指颌部，范围更广。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chin"
 },
 {
  "w": "partly",
  "uk": "/ˈpɑːtli/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːrtli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "部分地；在一定程度上",
    "en": "To some extent, but not completely."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The path was partly covered with fallen leaves.",
    "zh": "小路上有一部分被落叶覆盖了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The rise in cycling is partly due to improved infrastructure and growing concern about air quality.",
    "zh": "骑自行车的人增多，部分原因是基础设施改善以及人们更加关注空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "partly because｜部分原因是",
   "partly due to｜部分由于",
   "partly responsible｜负有部分责任",
   "partly cloudy｜局部多云"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "part (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "partially"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "completely",
   "entirely"
  ],
  "tip": "表示部分而非全部；常用partly because说明原因。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "partly"
 },
 {
  "w": "basically",
  "uk": "/ˈbeɪsɪkli/",
  "us": "/ˈbeɪsɪkli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "基本上；从根本上说",
    "en": "considering only the main facts or most important features"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The two recipes are basically the same, except for spices.",
    "zh": "除了香料不同，这两份食谱基本一样。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although delivery methods have changed, the purpose of public education remains basically the same across generations.",
    "zh": "尽管教学方式发生了变化，公共教育的目的在代际之间仍基本相同。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "basically the same｜基本相同",
   "basically sound｜基本合理",
   "basically means｜基本意思是"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "basic (adj.)",
   "basics (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "essentially",
   "fundamentally"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用于概括核心情况；不等于“几乎不”的barely。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "basically"
 },
 {
  "w": "poisonous",
  "uk": "/ˈpɔɪzənəs/",
  "us": "/ˈpɔɪzənəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有毒的",
    "en": "Containing a substance that can cause illness or death."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "恶毒的；充满恶意的",
    "en": "Extremely unkind or harmful to relationships."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Some colourful berries are poisonous, so leave them alone.",
    "zh": "有些颜色鲜艳的浆果有毒，所以不要碰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Factories must prevent poisonous substances from entering rivers that supply drinking water to nearby communities.",
    "zh": "工厂必须防止有毒物质流入为周边社区提供饮用水的河流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "poisonous plants｜有毒植物",
   "poisonous gases｜有毒气体",
   "poisonous remarks｜恶毒的言论"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "poison (n.)",
   "poison (v.)",
   "poisoning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "toxic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "non-toxic"
  ],
  "tip": "poisonous指有毒；venomous强调咬刺注毒。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "poisonous"
 },
 {
  "w": "old-fashioned",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊldˈfæʃənd/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊldˈfæʃənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "老式的；不时兴的",
    "en": "Belonging to a style that was common in the past."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "守旧的；传统的",
    "en": "Following beliefs or customs associated with earlier times."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather still uses an old-fashioned clock with a pendulum.",
    "zh": "我祖父仍然用着一座带钟摆的老式时钟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although some teaching methods seem old-fashioned, they can still help students develop concentration and independent thinking.",
    "zh": "尽管某些教学方法看似老式，但它们仍能帮助学生培养专注力和独立思考能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "old-fashioned clothes｜老式衣服",
   "old-fashioned values｜传统价值观",
   "old-fashioned manners｜传统礼仪"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "traditional"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "modern",
   "fashionable"
  ],
  "tip": "可含怀旧赞赏；outdated更强调已不适用。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "old-fashioned"
 },
 {
  "w": "vanilla",
  "uk": "/vəˈnɪlə/",
  "us": "/vəˈnɪlə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "香草；香草精",
    "en": "A sweet-smelling substance from tropical plant pods, used to flavour food."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "香草味的",
    "en": "Flavoured with vanilla."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Add a little vanilla before you mix the batter.",
    "zh": "搅拌面糊之前，加一点香草精。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Demand for natural vanilla can provide valuable income for farmers, but unstable prices create financial risks.",
    "zh": "对天然香草的需求能为农民带来可观收入，但价格不稳定会造成财务风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vanilla extract｜香草精",
   "vanilla ice cream｜香草冰淇淋",
   "vanilla pod｜香草荚",
   "vanilla flavour｜香草味"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "食品中的vanilla指特定香料，并非泛指所有香草。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vanilla"
 },
 {
  "w": "recycled",
  "uk": "/ˌriːˈsaɪkəld/",
  "us": "/ˌriːˈsaɪkəld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "回收再制的",
    "en": "made from waste materials processed for use again"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This notebook is made entirely from recycled paper.",
    "zh": "这本笔记本完全由再生纸制成。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using recycled materials in construction can reduce demand for natural resources and limit waste sent to landfill.",
    "zh": "在建筑中使用再生材料，可以减少对自然资源的需求，减少送往垃圾填埋场的废物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "recycled paper｜再生纸",
   "recycled plastic｜再生塑料",
   "recycled materials｜再生材料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recycle (v.)",
   "recycling (n.)",
   "recyclable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "recycled 指已回收再制；recyclable 指可回收。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recycled"
 },
 {
  "w": "clue",
  "uk": "/kluː/",
  "us": "/kluː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "线索；提示",
    "en": "Information that helps you solve a problem or understand something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The muddy footprints gave us a clue about the visitor.",
    "zh": "泥脚印为我们了解那位访客提供了线索。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ancient tools provide valuable clues about how early communities adapted to changes in their natural environment.",
    "zh": "古代工具为研究早期群落如何适应自然环境的变化提供了宝贵线索。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a clue to｜关于…的线索",
   "provide clues｜提供线索",
   "not have a clue｜完全不知道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clueless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hint",
   "indication"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a clue to中的to是介词，后接名词等。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clue"
 },
 {
  "w": "dime",
  "uk": "/daɪm/",
  "us": "/daɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "十分硬币（美加）",
    "en": "A coin worth ten cents in the US or Canada."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A shiny dime rolled out of my jacket pocket.",
    "zh": "一枚亮闪闪的十分硬币从我的夹克口袋里滚了出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although a dime has little purchasing power, small cash donations can collectively support valuable community projects.",
    "zh": "虽然一枚十分硬币购买力有限，但小额现金捐款汇集起来也能支持有益的社区项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a dime a dozen｜多得不稀奇",
   "not cost a dime｜分文不花",
   "on a dime｜骤然；在极小范围内"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一美元等于十个dime；主要用于美加语境。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dime"
 },
 {
  "w": "truth",
  "uk": "/truːθ/",
  "us": "/truːθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "事实；真相",
    "en": "what is real or actually happened"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "真理",
    "en": "a fact or principle generally accepted as true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please tell me the truth about the broken cup.",
    "zh": "请告诉我杯子打碎的真相。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Journalists should seek the truth rather than publish stories that simply attract public attention.",
    "zh": "记者应当寻求真相，而不是发表仅仅吸引公众注意的报道。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tell the truth｜说实话",
   "discover the truth｜发现真相",
   "the truth about something｜关于某事的真相"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "true (adj.)",
   "truly (adv.)",
   "truthful (adj.)",
   "truthfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "falsehood"
  ],
  "tip": "说实话用tell the truth，通常不能省略the。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "truth"
 },
 {
  "w": "fountain",
  "uk": "/ˈfaʊntɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈfaʊntən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喷泉",
    "en": "a structure that sends water into the air"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "饮水器",
    "en": "a device supplying a stream of water for drinking"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Children watched the fountain sparkle in the afternoon sunlight.",
    "zh": "孩子们看着喷泉在午后的阳光下闪闪发亮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A fountain can make a public square more attractive, although its maintenance requires water and energy.",
    "zh": "喷泉可以让公共广场更具吸引力，但维护喷泉需要消耗水和能源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "drinking fountain｜公共饮水器",
   "ornamental fountain｜装饰性喷泉",
   "fountain pen｜钢笔"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "drinking fountain是公共饮水器；fountain pen是钢笔。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fountain"
 },
 {
  "w": "pirate",
  "uk": "/ˈpaɪrət/",
  "us": "/ˈpaɪrət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海盗",
    "en": "someone who attacks ships and steals from them"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "盗版；非法复制",
    "en": "to copy or distribute protected material without permission"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盗版者",
    "en": "someone who illegally copies or distributes protected material"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pirate in the story sailed a wooden ship.",
    "zh": "故事里的海盗驾驶着一艘木船。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When companies pirate educational software, they undermine the income that developers need to improve their products.",
    "zh": "企业盗版教育软件，会损害开发者改进产品所需的收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pirate ship｜海盗船",
   "pirated software｜盗版软件",
   "pirate films｜盗版电影"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "piracy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pirated强调被非法复制；piracy是对应名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pirate"
 },
 {
  "w": "bald",
  "uk": "/bɔːld/",
  "us": "/bɔːld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "秃头的；秃的",
    "en": "having little or no hair on the head"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "光秃的；磨光的",
    "en": "lacking the usual covering or surface texture"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle is bald and always wears a hat.",
    "zh": "我叔叔是秃头，总是戴着帽子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Driving with bald tyres increases the risk of accidents, particularly when roads are wet or icy.",
    "zh": "使用磨光的轮胎驾驶会增加事故风险，尤其是在道路湿滑或结冰时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go bald｜开始秃顶",
   "a bald head｜光头",
   "a bald patch｜秃斑",
   "bald tyres｜磨光的轮胎"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "baldness (n.)",
   "balding (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hairless"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bald指秃头；bold指大胆的，注意拼写和发音。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bald"
 },
 {
  "w": "simply",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪmpli/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪmpli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "仅仅；只不过",
    "en": "only, with nothing more involved"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "简单地；朴素地",
    "en": "in an uncomplicated or plain way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "简直；实在",
    "en": "used to emphasise how strongly something is true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I simply want a quiet evening at home.",
    "zh": "我只想在家安安静静地过个晚上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving public health requires more than simply encouraging individuals to exercise; affordable facilities are also essential.",
    "zh": "改善公共健康不仅仅需要鼓励个人锻炼；价格亲民的设施也必不可少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "simply because｜仅仅因为",
   "put simply｜简单来说",
   "explain simply｜简单地解释",
   "simply impossible｜简直不可能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "simple (adj.)",
   "simplicity (n.)",
   "simplify (v.)",
   "simplification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "merely",
   "only"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "simply可表示“仅仅”，不一定表示“简单地”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "simply"
 },
 {
  "w": "definite",
  "uk": "/ˈdefɪnət/",
  "us": "/ˈdefɪnət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "明确的；确定的",
    "en": "Clearly decided or known, without uncertainty."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "确实的；明显的",
    "en": "Clearly noticeable or unquestionably present."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We need a definite answer before booking the tickets.",
    "zh": "订票之前，我们需要一个明确的答复。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable public transport offers definite advantages for cities seeking to reduce congestion and improve air quality.",
    "zh": "对于寻求缓解拥堵和改善空气质量的城市来说，可靠的公共交通具有明显优势。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a definite answer｜明确的答复",
   "definite plans｜确定的计划",
   "a definite advantage｜明显的优势"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "definitely (adv.)",
   "definiteness (n.)",
   "indefinite (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clear",
   "certain"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "indefinite",
   "uncertain"
  ],
  "tip": "definite是形容词；definitely是副词，意为肯定地。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "definite"
 },
 {
  "w": "gentle",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒentəl/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒentəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "温柔的；温和的",
    "en": "Kind and careful, without roughness or force."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "轻柔的；不强烈的",
    "en": "Mild in strength, movement, or effect."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "坡度平缓的",
    "en": "Rising or falling gradually rather than steeply."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Be gentle when you pick up the little kitten.",
    "zh": "抱起那只小猫时，动作要轻柔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Gentle exercise, such as walking or swimming, can improve physical health without placing excessive strain on joints.",
    "zh": "散步或游泳等温和运动可以改善身体健康，又不会给关节带来过大负担。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a gentle breeze｜微风",
   "gentle exercise｜温和运动",
   "a gentle slope｜缓坡",
   "a gentle touch｜轻柔的触碰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gently (adv.)",
   "gentleness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mild",
   "soft"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rough",
   "harsh"
  ],
  "tip": "对人温柔用be gentle with sb。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gentle"
 },
 {
  "w": "comedian",
  "uk": "/kəˈmiːdiən/",
  "us": "/kəˈmiːdiən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喜剧演员",
    "en": "a performer who entertains people by making them laugh"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The comedian made everyone laugh with stories about his cat.",
    "zh": "那位喜剧演员讲了自家猫的趣事，逗得大家哈哈大笑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A skilled comedian can encourage audiences to question social habits while providing enjoyable entertainment.",
    "zh": "优秀的喜剧演员既能提供愉快的娱乐，也能促使观众反思社会习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stand-up comedian｜单口喜剧演员",
   "professional comedian｜职业喜剧演员",
   "talented comedian｜有才华的喜剧演员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "comedy (n.)",
   "comedic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "comic"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "comedian指人，comedy指喜剧或喜剧作品。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "comedian"
 },
 {
  "w": "performance",
  "uk": "/pəˈfɔːməns/",
  "us": "/pərˈfɔːrməns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "表现；业绩；性能",
    "en": "How well a person, organisation or machine does something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "表演；演出",
    "en": "An occasion when someone entertains an audience by performing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "执行；履行",
    "en": "The act of carrying out a task or duty."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The coach praised our performance after the football match.",
    "zh": "足球赛后，教练表扬了我们的表现。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular feedback can improve employee performance by helping workers understand expectations and address specific weaknesses.",
    "zh": "定期反馈能帮助员工了解工作要求并改进具体不足，从而提升工作表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "academic performance｜学业表现",
   "job performance｜工作表现",
   "live performance｜现场演出",
   "performance of duties｜履行职责"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perform (v.)",
   "performer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示整体表现通常不可数；一场演出用a performance。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "performance"
 },
 {
  "w": "dorm",
  "uk": "/dɔːm/",
  "us": "/dɔːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学生宿舍；集体寝室",
    "en": "a building or shared room where students sleep"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My dorm is just five minutes from the library.",
    "zh": "我的宿舍离图书馆只有五分钟路程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Living in a dorm can help first-year students develop social skills and adjust to university life.",
    "zh": "住宿舍可以帮助大一学生培养社交技能，适应大学生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dorm room｜宿舍房间",
   "dorm life｜宿舍生活",
   "college dorm｜大学宿舍"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dormitory (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dormitory"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dorm是dormitory的非正式简称，多见于美式英语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dorm"
 },
 {
  "w": "trend",
  "uk": "/trend/",
  "us": "/trend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "趋势；潮流",
    "en": "a general direction of change or development"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "成为热门话题",
    "en": "to become widely discussed or shared online"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Growing vegetables at home is a popular trend here.",
    "zh": "在家种菜是这里流行的一种风尚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The growing trend towards remote working may reduce traffic congestion in major cities.",
    "zh": "远程办公日益普及的趋势可能缓解大城市的交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an upward trend｜上升趋势",
   "a growing trend｜日益明显的趋势",
   "follow a trend｜追随潮流",
   "a trend towards｜朝向……的趋势"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trendy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tendency"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "朝向某种趋势常用a trend towards后接名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trend"
 },
 {
  "w": "valley",
  "uk": "/ˈvæli/",
  "us": "/ˈvæli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "山谷；河谷",
    "en": "Low land between hills or mountains, often containing a river."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A narrow river winds through the green valley.",
    "zh": "一条狭窄的河流蜿蜒穿过翠绿的山谷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farming communities in the valley depend on seasonal rainfall to maintain their crops and support local livelihoods.",
    "zh": "河谷中的农业社区依靠季节性降雨维持作物生长，保障当地居民的生计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a river valley｜河谷",
   "a deep valley｜深谷",
   "the valley floor｜谷底"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "valley是两侧山地之间的低地，不等同于盆地basin。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "valley"
 },
 {
  "w": "convince",
  "uk": "/kənˈvɪns/",
  "us": "/kənˈvɪns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使确信；使信服",
    "en": "to make someone believe something is true"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "说服",
    "en": "to persuade someone to do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The photos convinced me that the flat was spacious.",
    "zh": "这些照片让我相信那套公寓很宽敞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must convince residents that improved public transport offers a practical alternative to private cars.",
    "zh": "政府必须让居民相信，改善后的公共交通能够切实替代私家车出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "convince someone of something｜使某人相信某事",
   "convince someone that｜使某人确信",
   "convince someone to do something｜说服某人做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "convinced (adj.)",
   "convincing (adj.)",
   "convincingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "persuade"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "convince sb of sth表示使某人相信某事。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "convince"
 },
 {
  "w": "hallway",
  "uk": "/ˈhɔːlweɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈhɔːlweɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "走廊；门厅",
    "en": "A passage inside a building or space by its entrance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please leave your muddy boots in the hallway.",
    "zh": "请把沾满泥的靴子留在门厅里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wide hallways and accessible entrances make public buildings easier to navigate for people with limited mobility.",
    "zh": "宽敞的走廊和无障碍入口让行动不便的人更容易在公共建筑内通行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "narrow hallway｜狭窄的走廊",
   "entrance hallway｜入口门厅",
   "down the hallway｜沿着走廊"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "corridor",
   "hall"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指入口门厅，也可指连接房间的走廊。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hallway"
 },
 {
  "w": "sew",
  "uk": "/səʊ/",
  "us": "/soʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缝；缝纫",
    "en": "to join or repair fabric using a needle and thread"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you sew this button back onto my coat?",
    "zh": "你能把这颗纽扣缝回我的外套上吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning to sew enables people to repair damaged clothes rather than discard them, reducing household waste.",
    "zh": "学会缝纫能让人们修补破损衣物而不是将其丢弃，从而减少家庭垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sew on a button｜缝上纽扣",
   "sew by hand｜手工缝制",
   "sew clothes｜缝制衣服",
   "sew up a hole｜缝补破洞"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sewing (n.)",
   "sewn (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stitch"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式sewed；过去分词sewn或sewed；与so同音。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sew"
 },
 {
  "w": "reduce",
  "uk": "/rɪˈdjuːs/",
  "us": "/rɪˈduːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "减少；降低；缩小",
    "en": "To make something smaller or less in amount or degree."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We can reduce waste by using our leftovers.",
    "zh": "我们可以利用剩饭剩菜来减少浪费。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should invest in renewable energy to reduce carbon emissions and improve long-term energy security.",
    "zh": "政府应投资可再生能源，以减少碳排放并改善长期能源安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reduce costs｜降低成本",
   "reduce emissions｜减少排放",
   "reduce the risk｜降低风险",
   "reduce waste｜减少浪费"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reduction (n.)",
   "reduced (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "decrease",
   "lessen"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "increase",
   "raise"
  ],
  "tip": "reduce by接减少量；reduce to接减少后的量。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reduce"
 },
 {
  "w": "journal",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒɜːnəl/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒɝːnəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学术期刊；专业杂志",
    "en": "a publication containing articles about a particular subject"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "日记；日志",
    "en": "a personal record of experiences, thoughts, or events"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I keep a journal beside my bed every night.",
    "zh": "我每晚都把一本日记放在床边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers publish their findings in academic journals so that other experts can evaluate the evidence.",
    "zh": "研究人员在学术期刊上发表成果，以便其他专家评估相关证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an academic journal｜学术期刊",
   "a medical journal｜医学期刊",
   "keep a journal｜写日记",
   "a journal article｜期刊论文"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "periodical",
   "diary"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "journal常指专业期刊；表示私人记录时近似diary。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "journal"
 },
 {
  "w": "persuading",
  "uk": "/pəˈsweɪdɪŋ/",
  "us": "/pərˈsweɪdɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "说服；劝服",
    "en": "getting someone to act or believe something by giving reasons"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She is persuading her brother to try vegetable soup.",
    "zh": "她正在劝弟弟尝尝蔬菜汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Persuading commuters to use public transport requires reliable services as well as affordable fares and convenient routes.",
    "zh": "说服通勤者使用公共交通，需要可靠的服务、实惠的票价以及便利的线路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "persuading someone to act｜说服某人采取行动",
   "persuading someone of the benefits｜使某人相信其益处",
   "persuading someone that｜使某人相信……"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "persuade (v.)",
   "persuasion (n.)",
   "persuasive (adj.)",
   "persuasively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "convincing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dissuading"
  ],
  "tip": "persuade的-ing形式；劝某人做某事用to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "persuading"
 },
 {
  "w": "lively",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪvli/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪvli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "活泼的；热闹的",
    "en": "full of energy, activity, or excitement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "生动有趣的；热烈的",
    "en": "interesting and engaging, with enthusiastic activity or discussion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lively puppy chased a ball around the garden.",
    "zh": "那只活泼的小狗在花园里追着球跑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Lively classroom discussions can encourage students to consider different perspectives and develop critical thinking skills.",
    "zh": "热烈的课堂讨论能鼓励学生考虑不同观点，并培养批判性思维能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lively debate｜热烈的辩论",
   "lively atmosphere｜热闹的气氛",
   "lively imagination｜丰富活跃的想象力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "liveliness (n.)",
   "liven (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "energetic",
   "animated",
   "vibrant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dull",
   "lifeless"
  ],
  "tip": "虽以-ly结尾，却是形容词，不是副词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lively"
 },
 {
  "w": "sculpture",
  "uk": "/ˈskʌlptʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈskʌlptʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雕塑作品",
    "en": "an artwork made by carving, shaping, or assembling materials"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雕塑艺术",
    "en": "the art of creating solid forms from materials"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A bronze sculpture of a horse stands outside the library.",
    "zh": "图书馆外矗立着一座马的青铜雕塑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public sculpture can strengthen a city's cultural identity while making art accessible to people outside traditional galleries.",
    "zh": "公共雕塑能增强城市的文化认同，同时让传统美术馆之外的人们也能接触艺术。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bronze sculpture｜青铜雕塑",
   "public sculpture｜公共雕塑",
   "a sculpture garden｜雕塑园",
   "abstract sculpture｜抽象雕塑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sculpt (v.)",
   "sculptor (n.)",
   "sculptural (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指艺术门类不可数；指一件作品可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sculpture"
 },
 {
  "w": "demand",
  "uk": "/dɪˈmɑːnd/",
  "us": "/dɪˈmænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "需求",
    "en": "the desire or need for particular goods or services"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "坚决要求",
    "en": "a strong request that someone expects to be obeyed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "强烈要求；需要",
    "en": "to insist on receiving something or require something essential"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Demand for cold drinks rises sharply during hot weather.",
    "zh": "天气炎热时，冷饮的需求量急剧上升。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing demand for affordable housing has encouraged local authorities to convert unused office buildings into residential accommodation.",
    "zh": "对可负担住房不断增长的需求促使地方政府将闲置办公楼改建为住宅。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "demand for housing｜住房需求",
   "meet demand｜满足需求",
   "in high demand｜需求旺盛",
   "demand an explanation｜要求解释"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "demanding (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "要求做某事用demand to do，不用demand sb to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "demand"
 },
 {
  "w": "classical",
  "uk": "/ˈklæsɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈklæsɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "古典音乐的",
    "en": "relating to formal Western music, such as symphonies and operas"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "古希腊罗马的；古典的",
    "en": "relating to ancient Greece or Rome and their culture"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "传统理论的",
    "en": "based on established theories rather than newer approaches"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister listens to classical music while cooking.",
    "zh": "我姐姐做饭时听古典音乐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying classical architecture helps students understand how ancient design principles continue to influence modern public buildings.",
    "zh": "研究古典建筑有助于学生理解古代设计原则如何持续影响现代公共建筑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "classical music｜古典音乐",
   "classical architecture｜古典建筑",
   "classical civilisation｜古典文明",
   "classical mechanics｜经典力学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "classically (adv.)",
   "classicism (n.)",
   "classicist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "古典音乐用classical；经典作品常用classic。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "classical"
 },
 {
  "w": "coal",
  "uk": "/kəʊl/",
  "us": "/koʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "煤；煤炭",
    "en": "A hard black or brown material burned to produce heat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old stove still burns coal during winter.",
    "zh": "这个旧炉子冬天仍然烧煤取暖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing coal with renewable energy can reduce air pollution and lower greenhouse gas emissions from electricity generation.",
    "zh": "用可再生能源替代煤炭，可以减少空气污染并降低发电产生的温室气体排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "coal mine｜煤矿",
   "burn coal｜烧煤",
   "coal-fired power station｜燃煤发电站"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "coal指煤，charcoal指木炭；煤通常用作不可数名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coal"
 },
 {
  "w": "admit",
  "uk": "/ədˈmɪt/",
  "us": "/ədˈmɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "承认",
    "en": "to accept that something is true, often reluctantly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "准许进入；接收",
    "en": "to allow someone to enter or join a place or institution"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I admit that I forgot to water your plants.",
    "zh": "我承认我忘了给你的植物浇水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should admit when policies have failed and use reliable evidence to develop more effective alternatives.",
    "zh": "政府应承认政策失败，并依据可靠证据制定更有效的替代方案。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "admit a mistake｜承认错误",
   "admit doing something｜承认做过某事",
   "admit that｜承认……",
   "be admitted to hospital｜被收治入院"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "admission (n.)",
   "admittedly (adv.)",
   "admittance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "acknowledge",
   "confess"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "deny"
  ],
  "tip": "用admit doing，不用admit to do；过去式双写t。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "admit"
 },
 {
  "w": "contents",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒntents/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːntents/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "所含物；容纳的东西",
    "en": "the things held inside a container or space"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "目录",
    "en": "a list of a publication's sections and their locations"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She emptied the contents of her bag onto the table.",
    "zh": "她把包里的东西全倒在了桌上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A detailed table of contents helps readers locate relevant information quickly in lengthy academic reports.",
    "zh": "详细的目录能帮助读者在篇幅较长的学术报告中迅速找到相关信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "table of contents｜目录",
   "contents page｜目录页",
   "contents of a bag｜包内物品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "content (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "contents指所含物或目录；文章内容通常用content。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contents"
 },
 {
  "w": "neat",
  "uk": "/niːt/",
  "us": "/niːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "整洁的；整齐的",
    "en": "tidy and carefully arranged"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巧妙的；简洁有效的",
    "en": "clever, simple, and effective"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She keeps her gardening tools in neat rows.",
    "zh": "她把园艺工具摆放得整整齐齐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Keeping shared workspaces neat can improve efficiency by making essential equipment easier to locate.",
    "zh": "保持共用工作空间整洁，可以让必要设备更容易找到，从而提高效率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "neat and tidy｜干净整洁的",
   "neat handwriting｜工整的字迹",
   "a neat solution｜巧妙的解决办法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "neatly (adv.)",
   "neatness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tidy",
   "orderly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "messy",
   "untidy"
  ],
  "tip": "neat除指整洁，也可形容办法巧妙、简洁。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "neat"
 },
 {
  "w": "communicate",
  "uk": "/kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/",
  "us": "/kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "交流；沟通",
    "en": "to share information, thoughts, or feelings with others"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "传达；表达",
    "en": "to make information or feelings known to someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We communicate with our neighbours through a shared online group.",
    "zh": "我们通过一个共同的线上群组与邻居交流。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers need to communicate complex ideas clearly so that students with different abilities can understand them.",
    "zh": "教师需要清晰地传达复杂概念，让能力不同的学生都能理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "communicate with｜与……交流",
   "communicate effectively｜有效沟通",
   "communicate ideas｜传达想法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "communication (n.)",
   "communicative (adj.)",
   "communicator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "convey"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与某人交流用with；向某人传达某事用某事＋to。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "communicate"
 },
 {
  "w": "announce",
  "uk": "/əˈnaʊns/",
  "us": "/əˈnaʊns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "宣布；公布",
    "en": "To make information known publicly or officially."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher announced the winners after lunch today.",
    "zh": "今天午饭后，我们的老师宣布了获奖者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should announce major policy changes early so residents have enough time to prepare.",
    "zh": "地方政府应尽早公布重大政策调整，让居民有充足的准备时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "announce plans｜宣布计划",
   "announce a decision｜宣布决定",
   "announce the results｜公布结果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "announcement (n.)",
   "announcer (n.)",
   "unannounced (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "declare",
   "proclaim"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用announce sth或announce that，不用announce sb sth。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "announce"
 },
 {
  "w": "society",
  "uk": "/səˈsaɪəti/",
  "us": "/səˈsaɪəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "社会",
    "en": "People living together in an organised community."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "协会；社团",
    "en": "An organisation for people who share an interest or purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone has a part to play in society.",
    "zh": "每个人都能在社会中发挥作用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An ageing society requires accessible healthcare and policies that support older people's independence.",
    "zh": "老龄化社会需要便捷可及的医疗服务，以及支持老年人独立生活的政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "modern society｜现代社会",
   "an ageing society｜老龄化社会",
   "society as a whole｜整个社会",
   "join a society｜加入社团"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "social (adj.)",
   "socially (adv.)",
   "societal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指社会常不加the；表示协会时是可数名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "society"
 },
 {
  "w": "ad",
  "uk": "/æd/",
  "us": "/æd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "广告",
    "en": "a public message promoting a product, service, or opportunity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An ad for cooking classes caught my attention yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天，一则烹饪课广告吸引了我的注意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online ads can influence consumer choices by presenting products that match users' browsing habits and interests.",
    "zh": "网络广告通过展示符合用户浏览习惯和兴趣的产品，可以影响消费者的选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "online ad｜网络广告",
   "job ad｜招聘广告",
   "place an ad｜刊登广告",
   "ad campaign｜广告宣传活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "advertisement (n.)",
   "advertise (v.)",
   "advertising (n.)",
   "advertiser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "advertisement",
   "advert"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ad是advertisement的非正式缩写，是可数名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ad"
 },
 {
  "w": "open-air",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊpən ˈeə/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊpən ˈer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "露天的；户外的",
    "en": "taking place or located outside, without a roof"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a film at an open-air cinema last night.",
    "zh": "昨晚我们在露天电影院看了一部电影。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Open-air markets can attract visitors while providing affordable trading spaces for small local businesses.",
    "zh": "露天市场既能吸引游客，也能为当地小商户提供价格实惠的经营场地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "open-air market｜露天市场",
   "open-air concert｜露天音乐会",
   "open-air theatre｜露天剧场"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "outdoor"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "indoor"
  ],
  "tip": "作形容词用连字符；in the open air意为在户外。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "open-air"
 },
 {
  "w": "muscle",
  "uk": "/ˈmʌsəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmʌsəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肌肉",
    "en": "body tissue that tightens and relaxes to produce movement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实力；影响力",
    "en": "power or influence used to achieve something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I pulled a muscle while lifting a heavy box.",
    "zh": "我搬一个重箱子时拉伤了肌肉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular strength training builds muscle and helps older adults maintain balance and independence in daily life.",
    "zh": "规律的力量训练能增强肌肉，帮助老年人在日常生活中保持平衡和独立。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "build muscle｜增强肌肉",
   "pull a muscle｜拉伤肌肉",
   "muscle strength｜肌肉力量",
   "financial muscle｜财力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "muscular (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "muscle中的c不发音；pull a muscle指拉伤肌肉。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "muscle"
 },
 {
  "w": "feature",
  "uk": "/ˈfiːtʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈfiːtʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "特点；特色",
    "en": "a noticeable or important part of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "以…为特色；重点展示",
    "en": "to include or present someone or something prominently"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "面部特征；五官之一",
    "en": "a part of the face, such as the nose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My favourite feature of this backpack is its hidden pocket.",
    "zh": "这个背包最让我喜欢的特点是它的隐藏口袋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public parks are an essential feature of cities that prioritise residents' health and wellbeing.",
    "zh": "在重视居民健康与福祉的城市中，公共公园是一项不可或缺的特色。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a key feature｜关键特点",
   "facial features｜面部特征",
   "feature prominently｜占据显著地位"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "featured (adj.)",
   "featureless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "characteristic",
   "attribute"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词时直接接宾语，不说feature with。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "feature"
 },
 {
  "w": "specially",
  "uk": "/ˈspeʃəli/",
  "us": "/ˈspeʃəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "专门地；特意地",
    "en": "for a particular purpose or person"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I made this cushion specially for your chair.",
    "zh": "这个靠垫是我特意为你的椅子做的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should provide specially designed learning materials to support students with different educational needs.",
    "zh": "学校应提供专门设计的学习材料，帮助有不同教育需求的学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "specially designed｜专门设计的",
   "specially trained｜受过专门培训的",
   "specially made｜特制的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "special (adj.)",
   "speciality (n.)",
   "specialise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "specially侧重专门目的；especially侧重尤其。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "specially"
 },
 {
  "w": "dolphin",
  "uk": "/ˈdɒlfɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈdɑːlfɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海豚",
    "en": "An intelligent aquatic mammal with a long snout and curved fin."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A dolphin leapt beside our boat early this morning.",
    "zh": "今天一大早，一只海豚在我们的船边跃出水面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Underwater noise from shipping can disrupt dolphin communication and make it harder for these animals to find food.",
    "zh": "船运产生的水下噪声会干扰海豚交流，使它们更难找到食物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pod of dolphins｜一群海豚",
   "bottlenose dolphin｜宽吻海豚",
   "dolphin conservation｜海豚保护"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "海豚是哺乳动物；一群海豚可说a pod of dolphins。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dolphin"
 },
 {
  "w": "maid",
  "uk": "/meɪd/",
  "us": "/meɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女佣；女清洁服务员",
    "en": "a woman employed to clean rooms or do household work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hotel maid brought fresh towels to our room.",
    "zh": "酒店女服务员给我们房间送来了干净毛巾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hotels should provide every maid with suitable equipment and sufficient time to clean rooms safely.",
    "zh": "酒店应为每位女清洁服务员提供合适的设备和充足的时间，以安全地清扫客房。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hotel maid｜酒店女清洁服务员",
   "work as a maid｜当女佣"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指女性家务或清洁雇员；酒店中常用room attendant。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "maid"
 },
 {
  "w": "apologise",
  "uk": "/əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/",
  "us": "/əˈpɑːlədʒaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "道歉",
    "en": "To say you are sorry for something you have done."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I should apologise for spilling juice on your jacket.",
    "zh": "我把果汁洒在了你的夹克上，应该向你道歉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies should apologise publicly when their mistakes cause inconvenience or financial loss to customers.",
    "zh": "当企业的失误给顾客造成不便或经济损失时，企业应该公开道歉。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apologise to someone｜向某人道歉",
   "apologise for something｜为某事道歉",
   "apologise sincerely｜真诚道歉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "apology (n.)",
   "apologetic (adj.)",
   "apologetically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写；美式常用apologize，后接to人、for事。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "apologise"
 },
 {
  "w": "sickness",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪknəs/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪknəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疾病；患病",
    "en": "the state of being ill"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恶心；呕吐",
    "en": "the feeling of needing to vomit, or vomiting itself"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Several children missed school because of sickness this week.",
    "zh": "这周有几个孩子因病没来上学。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers can reduce absence due to sickness by improving ventilation and encouraging staff to stay home when unwell.",
    "zh": "雇主可以改善通风，并鼓励身体不适的员工居家休息，以减少病假缺勤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "travel sickness｜晕车晕船",
   "morning sickness｜孕吐",
   "altitude sickness｜高原反应",
   "sickness absence｜因病缺勤"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sick (adj.)",
   "sickly (adj.)",
   "sicken (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "illness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "health"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；英式英语中也常指恶心、呕吐。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sickness"
 },
 {
  "w": "firework",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪəwɜːk/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪərwɜːrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烟花；焰火",
    "en": "an object that burns or explodes with bright colours outdoors"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A single firework burst above the lake, scattering golden sparks.",
    "zh": "一枚烟花在湖面上空绽放，洒下金色火花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public firework displays can attract visitors, although their noise may disturb local residents and wildlife.",
    "zh": "公共焰火表演可以吸引游客，但其噪声可能打扰当地居民和野生动物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "firework display｜焰火表演",
   "set off fireworks｜燃放烟花",
   "watch fireworks｜观看烟花"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单枚烟花可数；泛指烟花或焰火表演常用fireworks。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "firework"
 },
 {
  "w": "politics",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒlətɪks/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːlətɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "政治；政治活动",
    "en": "activities concerning government and how a country is run"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "政治观点；政治立场",
    "en": "a person's beliefs about government and public affairs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle loves discussing politics over dinner with friends.",
    "zh": "我叔叔喜欢在晚餐时和朋友们讨论政治。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Greater involvement in politics can help young people influence decisions that affect their future.",
    "zh": "更多地参与政治能帮助年轻人影响关乎自身未来的决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local politics｜地方政治",
   "enter politics｜从政",
   "discuss politics｜讨论政治",
   "party politics｜政党政治"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "political (adj.)",
   "politically (adv.)",
   "politician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指政治活动时通常配单数谓语；政治立场可配复数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "politics"
 },
 {
  "w": "journalist",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒɝːnəlɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新闻记者；新闻工作者",
    "en": "Someone who gathers and reports news for the media."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The journalist interviewed our neighbour about the new park.",
    "zh": "那位记者就新公园的事采访了我们的邻居。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A responsible journalist should verify information carefully before publishing stories that could influence public opinion.",
    "zh": "负责任的记者在发表可能影响公众舆论的报道前，应仔细核实信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "investigative journalist｜调查记者",
   "freelance journalist｜自由撰稿记者",
   "broadcast journalist｜广播电视记者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "journalism (n.)",
   "journalistic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reporter"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "journalist泛指新闻工作者，reporter更侧重采访报道。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "journalist"
 },
 {
  "w": "warn",
  "uk": "/wɔːn/",
  "us": "/wɔːrn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "警告；提醒",
    "en": "tell someone about possible danger or an unpleasant consequence"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please warn me if the pan gets too hot.",
    "zh": "如果锅太烫，请提醒我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists warn that continued habitat loss could put many more species at risk of extinction.",
    "zh": "科学家警告说，栖息地持续减少可能使更多物种面临灭绝风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "warn someone about something｜提醒某人注意某事",
   "warn against doing something｜告诫不要做某事",
   "warn someone not to do something｜警告某人不要做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "warning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "alert",
   "caution"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "warn后可接that从句；warn sb not to do表示告诫。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "warn"
 },
 {
  "w": "wipe",
  "uk": "/waɪp/",
  "us": "/waɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "擦；拭去",
    "en": "Rub a surface to remove dirt, liquid, or marks."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "擦拭",
    "en": "An act of rubbing a surface to clean or dry it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "清洁湿巾",
    "en": "A small damp cloth used for cleaning, usually thrown away afterwards."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please wipe the table before you put the plates down.",
    "zh": "请先擦一下桌子，再摆盘子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should encourage pupils to wipe shared equipment after use to help maintain a hygienic learning environment.",
    "zh": "学校应鼓励学生在使用共用设备后进行擦拭，以帮助保持卫生的学习环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wipe a surface｜擦拭表面",
   "wipe away tears｜擦去眼泪",
   "give something a wipe｜把某物擦一下",
   "wet wipes｜湿巾"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wipe侧重擦拭；wipe out可表示彻底消除。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wipe"
 },
 {
  "w": "accountant",
  "uk": "/əˈkaʊntənt/",
  "us": "/əˈkaʊntənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "会计；会计师",
    "en": "Someone whose job is to prepare and check financial records"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The accountant checked our expenses before we opened the café.",
    "zh": "咖啡馆开业前，会计核查了我们的各项开支。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employing a qualified accountant helps small businesses manage taxes accurately and make better financial decisions.",
    "zh": "聘用合格的会计师有助于小企业准确处理税务，并作出更好的财务决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "qualified accountant｜合格的会计师",
   "chartered accountant｜特许会计师",
   "hire an accountant｜聘用会计师"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "account (n.)",
   "accounting (n.)",
   "accountancy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "accountant指人；accounting指会计工作或学科。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accountant"
 },
 {
  "w": "comparison",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpærɪsən/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpærɪsən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "比较；对照",
    "en": "Examining things to see how they are similar or different."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A quick comparison helped me choose the cheaper bicycle.",
    "zh": "简单比较一下后，我选中了更便宜的自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A comparison of public transport systems reveals significant differences in cost, reliability and environmental impact.",
    "zh": "对公共交通系统的比较揭示了成本、可靠性和环境影响方面的显著差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a comparison｜进行比较",
   "in comparison with｜与……相比",
   "by comparison｜相比之下",
   "a direct comparison｜直接比较"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compare (v.)",
   "comparable (adj.)",
   "comparative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "两者之间的比较用comparison between A and B。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "comparison"
 },
 {
  "w": "chemical",
  "uk": "/ˈkemɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkemɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "化学品；化学物质",
    "en": "A substance produced or used in a chemical process."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "化学的",
    "en": "Relating to substances and how they combine or change."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep cleaning chemicals safely out of children's reach.",
    "zh": "请将清洁用化学品安全存放在儿童接触不到的地方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers can protect nearby rivers by reducing the amount of agricultural chemicals used on their land.",
    "zh": "农民可以通过减少农田中农业化学品的用量来保护附近的河流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a chemical reaction｜化学反应",
   "harmful chemicals｜有害化学物质",
   "the chemical industry｜化学工业",
   "chemical waste｜化学废料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chemistry (n.)",
   "chemist (n.)",
   "chemically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "chemical作名词可数；化学物质不一定有害。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chemical"
 },
 {
  "w": "range",
  "uk": "/reɪndʒ/",
  "us": "/reɪndʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "范围；幅度；一系列",
    "en": "The extent or variety of things within certain limits."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "在一定范围内变化",
    "en": "To vary between particular limits."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "山脉",
    "en": "A connected group of mountains."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This shop sells a wide range of fresh fruit.",
    "zh": "这家商店出售种类繁多的新鲜水果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should offer a broader range of courses to meet the changing needs of employers.",
    "zh": "大学应提供更广泛的课程，以满足雇主不断变化的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wide range of｜种类繁多的",
   "range from A to B｜从A到B不等",
   "a mountain range｜一条山脉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ranging (adj.)",
   "wide-ranging (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "range from A to B表示变化范围；山脉用名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "range"
 },
 {
  "w": "mystery",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪstəri/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪstəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谜；无法解释的事",
    "en": "Something that is unknown or cannot be explained"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "神秘感",
    "en": "The quality of being strange, secret, or difficult to understand"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "悬疑故事；推理小说",
    "en": "A story about solving a puzzling event, often a crime"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Who left these flowers outside remains a mystery.",
    "zh": "是谁把这些花放在外面，至今还是个谜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Despite advances in marine research, the behaviour of many deep ocean species remains a mystery.",
    "zh": "尽管海洋研究取得了进展，许多深海物种的行为仍然是个谜。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "solve a mystery｜解开谜团",
   "remain a mystery｜仍然是个谜",
   "a sense of mystery｜神秘感",
   "mystery novel｜推理小说"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mysterious (adj.)",
   "mysteriously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "puzzle",
   "enigma"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示一个谜用a mystery；表示神秘感通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mystery"
 },
 {
  "w": "typist",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪpɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪpɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "打字员；打字者",
    "en": "A person who types, especially as a job."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The typist finished the letter before her lunch break.",
    "zh": "打字员在午休前打完了那封信。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although dedicated typist positions are less common today, accurate keyboard skills remain valuable in many workplaces.",
    "zh": "虽然如今专职打字员岗位较少，但准确的键盘输入技能在许多工作场所仍然很有价值。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fast typist｜打字快的人",
   "a skilled typist｜熟练的打字员",
   "a touch typist｜能盲打的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "type (v.)",
   "typing (n.)",
   "typewriter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指人；typing指打字活动，typewriter指打字机。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "typist"
 },
 {
  "w": "guidebook",
  "uk": "/ˈɡaɪdbʊk/",
  "us": "/ˈɡaɪdbʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旅行指南；指导手册",
    "en": "a book giving information about a place or practical subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our guidebook recommended a quiet beach near the village.",
    "zh": "我们的旅行指南推荐了村庄附近一处安静的海滩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although digital maps are convenient, a detailed guidebook can provide valuable cultural context for independent travellers.",
    "zh": "虽然电子地图很方便，但详尽的旅行指南能为自由行旅客提供宝贵的文化背景信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a travel guidebook｜旅行指南",
   "a guidebook to｜介绍……的指南",
   "consult a guidebook｜查阅指南"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "guide (n.)",
   "guide (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "guide"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "介绍某地的指南常用a guidebook to加地点。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "guidebook"
 },
 {
  "w": "spinach",
  "uk": "/ˈspɪnɪtʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈspɪnɪtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "菠菜",
    "en": "A vegetable with dark green leaves eaten raw or cooked."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I added fresh spinach to the soup before dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭前，我往汤里加了新鲜菠菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Leafy vegetables such as spinach provide nutrients that support a healthy, balanced diet.",
    "zh": "菠菜等绿叶蔬菜提供的营养有助于构建健康、均衡的饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fresh spinach｜新鲜菠菜",
   "spinach leaves｜菠菜叶",
   "steamed spinach｜蒸菠菜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；一片菠菜叶说a spinach leaf。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spinach"
 },
 {
  "w": "comfort",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌmfət/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌmfərt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "舒适；安逸",
    "en": "A pleasant state of physical ease and relaxation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "安慰；慰藉",
    "en": "Relief from sadness or worry, or something providing it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "安慰；抚慰",
    "en": "To help someone feel less sad, worried, or upset."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I enjoyed the comfort of a warm bed after camping.",
    "zh": "露营后，我享受着温暖床铺带来的舒适。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Support groups can comfort patients by providing opportunities to share experiences and discuss concerns openly.",
    "zh": "互助小组让患者有机会分享经历、坦诚讨论忧虑，从而给予他们安慰。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in comfort｜舒舒服服地",
   "take comfort in｜从……中获得慰藉",
   "comfort someone｜安慰某人",
   "creature comforts｜物质上的舒适享受"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "comfortable (adj.)",
   "comfortably (adv.)",
   "comforting (adj.)",
   "discomfort (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "solace",
   "console"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "discomfort"
  ],
  "tip": "表示舒适或慰藉时通常不可数；作动词直接接人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "comfort"
 },
 {
  "w": "allergic",
  "uk": "/əˈlɜːdʒɪk/",
  "us": "/əˈlɝːdʒɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "对……过敏的",
    "en": "Having an allergy to a particular substance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "过敏引起的",
    "en": "Caused by an allergy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I am allergic to cats, so I keep my distance.",
    "zh": "我对猫过敏，所以会和猫保持距离。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restaurants should provide accurate ingredient information to protect customers who are allergic to common foods.",
    "zh": "餐馆应提供准确的配料信息，以保护对常见食物过敏的顾客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be allergic to｜对……过敏",
   "allergic reaction｜过敏反应",
   "allergic to pollen｜对花粉过敏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "allergy (n.)",
   "allergen (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "说对某物过敏用be allergic to，不用allergic with。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "allergic"
 },
 {
  "w": "link",
  "uk": "/lɪŋk/",
  "us": "/lɪŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "联系；连接",
    "en": "a connection between people, things, or ideas"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "链接",
    "en": "a clickable element that opens another webpage or digital resource"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "连接；联系起来",
    "en": "to connect things or show a relationship between them"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new bridge provides a link between the villages.",
    "zh": "这座新桥连接了这些村庄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers have identified a strong link between regular physical activity and improved mental health.",
    "zh": "研究人员发现，经常运动与心理健康改善之间存在密切联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a link between｜……之间的联系",
   "click a link｜点击链接",
   "link A to B｜将A与B联系起来",
   "transport links｜交通连接"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "linked (adj.)",
   "linkage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "connection",
   "connect"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disconnect"
  ],
  "tip": "常用a link between A and B；动词用link A to/with B。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "link"
 },
 {
  "w": "flavour",
  "uk": "/ˈfleɪvə/",
  "us": "/ˈfleɪvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "风味；味道",
    "en": "the particular taste of food or drink"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……调味",
    "en": "to give food or drink a particular taste"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "特色；风格",
    "en": "a distinctive quality that gives something its character"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fresh basil gives this soup a lovely flavour.",
    "zh": "新鲜罗勒让这道汤有了宜人的风味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School cooking lessons can teach children how to improve flavour without adding excessive salt or sugar.",
    "zh": "学校的烹饪课可以教孩子如何在不过量加盐或糖的情况下提升食物风味。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rich flavour｜浓郁的味道",
   "add flavour｜增添风味",
   "flavour with herbs｜用香草调味"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flavoured (adj.)",
   "flavouring (n.)",
   "flavourful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "taste"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写flavour，美式拼写flavor。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flavour"
 },
 {
  "w": "goose",
  "uk": "/ɡuːs/",
  "us": "/ɡuːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鹅",
    "en": "A large waterbird with a long neck and webbed feet."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鹅肉",
    "en": "Meat from a goose, eaten as food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A white goose waddled across the path towards us.",
    "zh": "一只白鹅摇摇摆摆地穿过小路，朝我们走来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting wetlands provides essential feeding grounds for wild geese and many other migratory birds.",
    "zh": "保护湿地能为野鹅及许多其他候鸟提供重要的觅食地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wild geese｜野鹅",
   "a flock of geese｜一群鹅",
   "roast goose｜烤鹅"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为geese；表示鹅肉时不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "goose"
 },
 {
  "w": "informal",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈfɔːməl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈfɔːrməl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "非正式的；随意的",
    "en": "Relaxed and friendly rather than following strict social rules."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "口语化的；非正式语体的",
    "en": "Suitable for casual communication rather than formal writing or speech."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "非官方的；非正规的",
    "en": "Not officially arranged, recognized, or controlled."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had an informal chat over tea this morning.",
    "zh": "今天上午，我们边喝茶边随意聊了聊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Informal learning outside the classroom allows children to develop practical skills through play and everyday experiences.",
    "zh": "课堂外的非正规学习让儿童通过玩耍和日常经历培养实用技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "informal chat｜闲聊",
   "informal language｜非正式语言",
   "informal learning｜非正规学习"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "informally (adv.)",
   "informality (n.)",
   "formal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "casual",
   "relaxed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "formal"
  ],
  "tip": "表示不拘礼节，不等于不礼貌或不专业。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "informal"
 },
 {
  "w": "salmon",
  "uk": "/ˈsæmən/",
  "us": "/ˈsæmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鲑鱼；三文鱼；其鱼肉",
    "en": "a fish with pink flesh, or its flesh as food"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "鲑肉粉红色的",
    "en": "having a pink colour with a slight orange shade"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a salmon leap up the rocky stream.",
    "zh": "我们看着一条鲑鱼在多石的溪流中跃向上游。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Dams can disrupt salmon migration, so river management should consider both energy production and wildlife protection.",
    "zh": "水坝可能阻碍鲑鱼洄游，因此河流管理应兼顾能源生产与野生动物保护。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "smoked salmon｜烟熏三文鱼",
   "wild salmon｜野生鲑鱼",
   "salmon fillet｜去骨鲑鱼片",
   "salmon migration｜鲑鱼洄游"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "l不发音；指鱼时单复数同形，指鱼肉时不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "salmon"
 },
 {
  "w": "turkey",
  "uk": "/ˈtɜːki/",
  "us": "/ˈtɜːrki/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "火鸡",
    "en": "A large bird often raised for its meat"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "火鸡肉",
    "en": "Meat from a turkey, eaten as food"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "失败之作",
    "en": "Something that fails badly, especially a film or play"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A turkey spread its tail feathers near the farm gate.",
    "zh": "一只火鸡在农场大门旁展开了尾羽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Turkey production provides affordable protein, but intensive farming can raise concerns about animal welfare and environmental damage.",
    "zh": "火鸡养殖提供了价格实惠的蛋白质，但集约化养殖可能引发对动物福利和环境破坏的担忧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "roast turkey｜烤火鸡",
   "turkey breast｜火鸡胸肉",
   "wild turkey｜野生火鸡"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "鸟可数，肉不可数；表示失败之作时属非正式用法。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "turkey"
 },
 {
  "w": "tape-recording",
  "uk": "/ˈteɪp rɪˌkɔːdɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈteɪp rɪˌkɔːrdɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "磁带录音",
    "en": "sound recorded on magnetic tape"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a tape-recording of our grandfather singing.",
    "zh": "我们找到了一段祖父唱歌的磁带录音。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A tape-recording of a traditional song can help researchers understand how local musical styles have changed.",
    "zh": "一段传统歌曲的磁带录音能帮助研究人员了解当地音乐风格的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a tape-recording｜制作磁带录音",
   "listen to a tape-recording｜听磁带录音",
   "a tape-recording of an interview｜访谈的磁带录音"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tape-record (v.)",
   "tape recorder (n.)",
   "recording (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "也常写作 tape recording；数字录音通常用 recording。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tape-recording"
 },
 {
  "w": "unknown",
  "uk": "/ˌʌnˈnəʊn/",
  "us": "/ˌʌnˈnoʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "未知的；不为人知的",
    "en": "Not known, identified, or familiar."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "未知因素；无名之辈",
    "en": "Something not yet understood, or a person not widely known."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An unknown caller rang while I was cooking dinner.",
    "zh": "我做晚饭时，一个陌生人打来了电话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The long-term effects of some new materials remain unknown, so further research is essential before widespread use.",
    "zh": "某些新材料的长期影响仍不明确，因此在广泛使用前必须进一步研究。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remain unknown｜仍然未知",
   "unknown to someone｜某人不知道的",
   "an unknown cause｜不明原因",
   "the unknown｜未知事物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "know (v.)",
   "known (adj.)",
   "knowledge (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unidentified",
   "unfamiliar"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "known"
  ],
  "tip": "the unknown泛指“未知事物或未知领域”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unknown"
 },
 {
  "w": "accent",
  "uk": "/ˈæksent/",
  "us": "/ˈæksent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "口音",
    "en": "a pronunciation style associated with a place or social group"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重音；重音符号",
    "en": "emphasis on a syllable, or a mark indicating pronunciation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "强调；突出",
    "en": "to give special emphasis or prominence to something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her accent reminds me of my neighbours back home.",
    "zh": "她的口音让我想起家乡的邻居。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should value different accents while helping learners develop clear pronunciation for effective international communication.",
    "zh": "教师应尊重不同口音，同时帮助学习者练就清晰的发音，以便有效开展国际交流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "regional accent｜地方口音",
   "strong accent｜浓重的口音",
   "speak with an accent｜说话带口音",
   "accent mark｜重音符号"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accented (adj.)",
   "accentuation (n.)",
   "accentuate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "accent指发音特点；dialect还涉及词汇和语法。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accent"
 },
 {
  "w": "windmill",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪndmɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪndmɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "风车；风力磨坊",
    "en": "A structure whose wind-driven sails power machinery, often for grinding grain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the old windmill turn beside the river.",
    "zh": "我们看着河边的老风车转动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring a traditional windmill can preserve local heritage while attracting visitors interested in the history of rural technology.",
    "zh": "修复传统风车既能保护当地遗产，也能吸引对乡村技术史感兴趣的游客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a traditional windmill｜传统风车",
   "restore a windmill｜修复风车",
   "windmill sails｜风车翼板"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "现代发电风机通常叫wind turbine。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "windmill"
 },
 {
  "w": "percentage",
  "uk": "/pəˈsentɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/pərˈsentɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "百分比；百分率",
    "en": "an amount expressed as a fraction of one hundred"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "What percentage of your monthly income goes on rent?",
    "zh": "你每月收入的百分之多少用于付房租？"
   },
   {
    "en": "The percentage of households using renewable energy has increased as installation costs have fallen in recent years.",
    "zh": "近年来，随着安装成本下降，使用可再生能源的家庭比例有所上升。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a high percentage of｜很高比例的",
   "a small percentage of｜小部分的",
   "percentage point｜百分点",
   "percentage increase｜百分比增幅"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "percent (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "数字后用percent；谈比例用percentage。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "percentage"
 },
 {
  "w": "guilty",
  "uk": "/ˈɡɪlti/",
  "us": "/ˈɡɪlti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有罪的；有过错的",
    "en": "Responsible for breaking a law or doing something wrong."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "内疚的",
    "en": "Feeling bad because you believe you have done something wrong."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt guilty about forgetting my sister's birthday.",
    "zh": "我忘了姐姐的生日，感到很内疚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies found guilty of illegally dumping waste should face penalties that reflect the environmental damage caused.",
    "zh": "被裁定非法倾倒废物的公司应受到与其造成的环境损害相称的处罚。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "guilty of｜犯有……罪的",
   "find someone guilty｜裁定某人有罪",
   "plead guilty｜认罪",
   "feel guilty about｜因……感到内疚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "guilt (n.)",
   "guiltily (adv.)",
   "guiltless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "remorseful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "innocent"
  ],
  "tip": "guilty of接罪行；feel guilty about接内疚的事。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "guilty"
 },
 {
  "w": "export",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspɔːt/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "出口；输出",
    "en": "to send goods to another country for sale"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "出口；出口商品",
    "en": "selling goods abroad, or goods sold to another country"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "导出数据",
    "en": "to save computer data in a format another program uses"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt's company exports handmade bowls to several countries.",
    "zh": "我姑姑的公司向多个国家出口手工碗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Countries that export mainly raw materials may be vulnerable to sudden changes in global commodity prices.",
    "zh": "主要出口原材料的国家可能容易受到全球大宗商品价格突变的冲击。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "export goods｜出口商品",
   "export markets｜出口市场",
   "export earnings｜出口收入",
   "export data｜导出数据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exporter (n.)",
   "exportation (n.)",
   "exportable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "import"
  ],
  "tip": "动词重音在后；名词重音在前。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "export"
 },
 {
  "w": "aquarium",
  "uk": "/əˈkweəriəm/",
  "us": "/əˈkweriəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水族箱；养鱼缸",
    "en": "A water-filled container for keeping fish and other aquatic animals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水族馆",
    "en": "A public building where people can see aquatic animals"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Two orange fish swim among plants in our aquarium.",
    "zh": "两条橙色的鱼在我们鱼缸里的水草间游动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-managed aquarium can teach visitors about marine ecosystems and encourage greater concern for ocean conservation.",
    "zh": "管理良好的水族馆可以让游客了解海洋生态系统，并促使他们更加关注海洋保护。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a freshwater aquarium｜淡水水族箱",
   "a public aquarium｜公共水族馆",
   "aquarium fish｜水族观赏鱼"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "fish tank"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指家中的鱼缸，也指供公众参观的水族馆。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aquarium"
 },
 {
  "w": "competitor",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpetɪtə/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpetɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "竞争对手",
    "en": "A person or organisation trying to succeed against others."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "参赛者；选手",
    "en": "Someone taking part in a competition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new bakery is our biggest competitor for local customers.",
    "zh": "那家新面包店是我们争取本地顾客时最大的竞争对手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A business must understand its competitors before developing strategies to attract customers in an increasingly crowded market.",
    "zh": "企业必须了解竞争对手，才能制定策略，在日益拥挤的市场中吸引顾客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a major competitor｜主要竞争对手",
   "a direct competitor｜直接竞争对手",
   "a strong competitor｜强劲的竞争者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compete (v.)",
   "competition (n.)",
   "competitive (adj.)",
   "competitively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rival",
   "contender"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "competitor指竞争者；competition指竞争或比赛。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "competitor"
 },
 {
  "w": "breathe",
  "uk": "/briːð/",
  "us": "/briːð/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "呼吸",
    "en": "take air into your lungs and let it out"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sit by the window and breathe slowly for a minute.",
    "zh": "坐在窗边，缓缓呼吸一分钟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People living near busy roads often breathe polluted air, which can increase their risk of respiratory illness.",
    "zh": "住在繁忙道路附近的人经常吸入受污染的空气，这可能增加他们患呼吸系统疾病的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "breathe deeply｜深呼吸",
   "breathe in｜吸气",
   "breathe out｜呼气",
   "breathe fresh air｜呼吸新鲜空气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "breath (n.)",
   "breathing (n.)",
   "breathless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "respire"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "breathe是动词，末音/ð/；breath是名词，末音/θ/。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "breathe"
 },
 {
  "w": "predict",
  "uk": "/prɪˈdɪkt/",
  "us": "/prɪˈdɪkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "预测；预言",
    "en": "To say what will happen, often using evidence."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They predict heavy rain, so take your umbrella.",
    "zh": "他们预报有大雨，所以带上你的伞吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Climate models help scientists predict how rising temperatures may affect agricultural production in different regions.",
    "zh": "气候模型帮助科学家预测气温上升可能如何影响不同地区的农业生产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "predict the outcome｜预测结果",
   "accurately predict｜准确预测",
   "difficult to predict｜难以预测"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prediction (n.)",
   "predictable (adj.)",
   "unpredictable (adj.)",
   "predictive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "forecast",
   "foresee"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可接that从句；不要与表示预防的prevent混淆。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "predict"
 },
 {
  "w": "mechanic",
  "uk": "/məˈkænɪk/",
  "us": "/məˈkænɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "机械修理工；汽车修理工",
    "en": "Someone whose job is repairing vehicles or machines."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic found a leak under our car.",
    "zh": "修理工发现我们的汽车底部有一处泄漏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As electric vehicles become more common, mechanics need additional training to maintain their complex systems safely.",
    "zh": "随着电动汽车日益普及，修理工需要接受额外培训，以安全地维护其复杂系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "car mechanic｜汽车修理工",
   "a qualified mechanic｜合格的机械修理工",
   "work as a mechanic｜当机械修理工"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mechanical (adj.)",
   "mechanically (adv.)",
   "mechanics (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mechanic指修理工；mechanics可指力学。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mechanic"
 },
 {
  "w": "entertain",
  "uk": "/ˌentəˈteɪn/",
  "us": "/ˌentərˈteɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使娱乐；使开心",
    "en": "to keep someone interested or amused"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "招待；款待",
    "en": "to welcome guests and provide food, drink, or activities"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "考虑；心怀",
    "en": "to consider an idea or hold a thought or feeling"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother entertained the children with funny animal noises.",
    "zh": "我哥哥模仿动物发出滑稽的叫声，逗孩子们开心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public museums should educate visitors as well as entertain them through engaging displays and interactive activities.",
    "zh": "公共博物馆应通过引人入胜的展览和互动活动，让参观者既获得知识又享受乐趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "entertain an audience｜为观众提供娱乐",
   "entertain guests｜招待客人",
   "entertain the idea of｜考虑……的想法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "entertainment (n.)",
   "entertainer (n.)",
   "entertaining (adj.)",
   "entertained (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "amuse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "entertain an idea指考虑某想法，并非已经接受。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "entertain"
 },
 {
  "w": "alcohol",
  "uk": "/ˈælkəhɒl/",
  "us": "/ˈælkəhɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酒；含酒精饮品",
    "en": "drinks containing a substance that can make people drunk"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酒精；乙醇",
    "en": "a colourless liquid used in drinks, cleaning products, and fuels"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This restaurant serves fresh juice but does not sell alcohol.",
    "zh": "这家餐馆供应鲜榨果汁，但不卖酒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns should explain how excessive alcohol consumption can damage both physical and mental health.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传应解释过量饮酒如何损害身心健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "alcohol consumption｜饮酒量；饮酒",
   "alcohol abuse｜酗酒",
   "alcohol content｜酒精含量",
   "rubbing alcohol｜外用消毒酒精"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "alcoholic (adj.)",
   "non-alcoholic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指酒或酒精时通常不可数；a drink可指一杯酒。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alcohol"
 },
 {
  "w": "basement",
  "uk": "/ˈbeɪsmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈbeɪsmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地下室",
    "en": "A room or floor below ground level in a building."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We keep our bicycles in the basement during winter.",
    "zh": "冬天我们把自行车放在地下室里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Converting unused basement space into community facilities can help densely populated neighbourhoods accommodate more activities.",
    "zh": "将闲置的地下室空间改造成社区设施，有助于人口密集的街区容纳更多活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the basement｜在地下室里",
   "basement flat｜地下室公寓",
   "basement storage｜地下室储物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "basement可作居住空间；cellar通常指地下储藏室。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "basement"
 },
 {
  "w": "sneeze",
  "uk": "/sniːz/",
  "us": "/sniːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打喷嚏",
    "en": "To suddenly force air out through your nose and mouth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喷嚏",
    "en": "A sudden, involuntary burst of air from the nose and mouth."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dust from the old rug made me sneeze.",
    "zh": "旧地毯扬起的灰尘让我打了喷嚏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Covering your mouth and nose when you sneeze helps reduce the spread of respiratory infections.",
    "zh": "打喷嚏时遮住口鼻有助于减少呼吸道感染的传播。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sneeze into a tissue｜对着纸巾打喷嚏",
   "a fit of sneezing｜一阵喷嚏",
   "stifle a sneeze｜忍住喷嚏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sneezing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词不及物；“打一个喷嚏”可说give a sneeze。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sneeze"
 },
 {
  "w": "treatment",
  "uk": "/ˈtriːtmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈtriːtmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "治疗；疗法",
    "en": "medical care given to improve an illness or injury"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "对待；待遇",
    "en": "the way someone behaves towards a person or group"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "处理；加工",
    "en": "a process that cleans, protects, or changes a substance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After treatment, her injured ankle felt much better.",
    "zh": "经过治疗，她受伤的脚踝感觉好多了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to affordable medical treatment is essential for reducing health inequalities between wealthy and disadvantaged communities.",
    "zh": "获得负担得起的医疗服务，对于缩小富裕社区与弱势社区之间的健康差距至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "receive treatment｜接受治疗",
   "medical treatment｜医疗",
   "equal treatment｜平等对待",
   "wastewater treatment｜废水处理"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "treat (v.)",
   "treatable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指治疗通常不可数；指具体疗法时可用a treatment。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "treatment"
 },
 {
  "w": "self-service",
  "uk": "/ˌselfˈsɜːvɪs/",
  "us": "/ˌselfˈsɝːvɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自助式的",
    "en": "Requiring customers to serve themselves rather than wait for staff"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自助服务",
    "en": "A system in which customers serve themselves"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We carried our trays through the self-service cafeteria.",
    "zh": "我们端着托盘穿过了自助餐厅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although self-service machines can shorten queues, businesses should retain staff to assist customers who need additional support.",
    "zh": "虽然自助机器能缩短队伍，但企业仍应保留员工，为需要额外帮助的顾客提供服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "self-service checkout｜自助结账台",
   "self-service cafeteria｜自助餐厅",
   "self-service machine｜自助服务机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "service (n.)",
   "serve (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "self-service强调顾客自己操作，不等于机器全自动。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "self-service"
 },
 {
  "w": "honest",
  "uk": "/ˈɒnɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːnɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "诚实的；正直的",
    "en": "Telling the truth and not cheating or stealing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "坦率的；真诚的",
    "en": "Expressing what you really think or feel."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The honest cashier returned the money I had overpaid.",
    "zh": "那位诚实的收银员退还了我多付的钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Honest communication between teachers and parents can help schools address students' difficulties before they become serious.",
    "zh": "教师与家长之间坦诚的沟通能帮助学校在学生的问题变得严重之前加以解决。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an honest person｜诚实的人",
   "an honest answer｜坦率的回答",
   "to be honest｜说实话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "honesty (n.)",
   "honestly (adv.)",
   "dishonest (adj.)",
   "dishonesty (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "truthful",
   "sincere"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dishonest"
  ],
  "tip": "h不发音，因此说an honest person。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "honest"
 },
 {
  "w": "tractor",
  "uk": "/ˈtræktə/",
  "us": "/ˈtræktər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拖拉机",
    "en": "A powerful farm vehicle used to pull equipment or loads"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer drove a tractor across the muddy field.",
    "zh": "农民开着拖拉机驶过泥泞的田地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using a tractor allows farmers to cultivate larger areas with less physical effort and fewer workers.",
    "zh": "使用拖拉机使农民能够以更少的体力和人手耕种更大的面积。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "drive a tractor｜驾驶拖拉机",
   "tractor driver｜拖拉机驾驶员",
   "tractor tyre｜拖拉机轮胎"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tractor是拖拉机；truck是卡车，注意区别。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tractor"
 },
 {
  "w": "yell",
  "uk": "/jel/",
  "us": "/jel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "大喊；叫喊",
    "en": "to shout loudly, often from excitement, anger, or fear"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喊叫声",
    "en": "a loud shout"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We yelled with excitement when our team finally scored.",
    "zh": "我们的球队终于得分时，我们兴奋地大喊起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coaches who yell at young athletes may undermine their confidence rather than improve their performance.",
    "zh": "对年轻运动员大吼大叫的教练可能会打击他们的信心，而不是提高他们的表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "yell at someone｜对某人大喊",
   "yell for help｜大声呼救",
   "let out a yell｜发出一声大喊"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "shout"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "whisper"
  ],
  "tip": "yell at常带怒气；yell to侧重喊给对方听。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "yell"
 },
 {
  "w": "victim",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪktɪm/",
  "us": "/ˈvɪktɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "受害者；受骗者",
    "en": "someone harmed by an accident, crime, or unfair treatment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Neighbours brought warm blankets to the flood victims.",
    "zh": "邻居们给洪灾受害者送来了温暖的毯子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should provide practical support for victims of online fraud, including free legal advice.",
    "zh": "政府应为网络诈骗受害者提供实际支持，包括免费的法律咨询。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "victim of crime｜犯罪受害者",
   "fall victim to｜成为……的受害者",
   "flood victims｜洪灾受害者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "victimise (v.)",
   "victimisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示某事的受害者，用victim of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "victim"
 },
 {
  "w": "damage",
  "uk": "/ˈdæmɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈdæmɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "损坏；损害",
    "en": "Harm that makes something less useful, valuable, or healthy."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "损坏；损害",
    "en": "Harm something or make it less effective."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The storm caused serious damage to our garden shed.",
    "zh": "暴风雨严重损坏了我们花园里的棚屋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Uncontrolled tourism can damage fragile ecosystems and reduce the quality of life for local residents.",
    "zh": "不受控制的旅游活动可能破坏脆弱的生态系统，并降低当地居民的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cause damage｜造成损害",
   "damage to property｜财产损坏",
   "environmental damage｜环境破坏",
   "damage someone's reputation｜损害某人的声誉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "damaged (adj.)",
   "damaging (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "harm"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "损害用不可数damage；damages指法律赔偿金。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "damage"
 },
 {
  "w": "sponge",
  "uk": "/spʌndʒ/",
  "us": "/spʌndʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海绵；海绵块",
    "en": "A soft material full of holes that absorbs liquid."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海绵动物",
    "en": "A simple aquatic animal with many pores in its body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用海绵擦拭",
    "en": "To clean or wipe something using a damp sponge."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Use a damp sponge to wipe the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "用湿海绵擦一下厨房的桌子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban wetlands act like a sponge, absorbing excess rainwater and reducing the risk of flooding.",
    "zh": "城市湿地就像海绵，能吸收多余的雨水，降低洪涝风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a damp sponge｜湿海绵",
   "squeeze out a sponge｜挤干海绵",
   "sponge something down｜用湿海绵擦洗某物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spongy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比喻吸收能力强时，常用like a sponge。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sponge"
 },
 {
  "w": "arrest",
  "uk": "/əˈrest/",
  "us": "/əˈrest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逮捕；拘捕",
    "en": "to take someone into police custody under legal authority"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "逮捕；拘捕",
    "en": "the act of taking someone into police custody"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "阻止；使停止",
    "en": "to stop the progress or development of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Police arrested the suspect outside the station yesterday.",
    "zh": "警方昨天在车站外逮捕了嫌疑人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early investment in building maintenance can arrest the decline of historic neighbourhoods and preserve their distinctive character.",
    "zh": "尽早投入建筑维护资金可以遏制历史街区的衰落，并保留其独特风貌。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "arrest someone for theft｜因盗窃逮捕某人",
   "under arrest｜被捕",
   "make an arrest｜实施逮捕",
   "arrest the decline｜遏制衰退"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "apprehend",
   "halt"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "因某事被捕用be arrested for；under arrest表示被捕状态。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arrest"
 },
 {
  "w": "living",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪvɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪvɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "活着的；有生命的",
    "en": "Alive now, rather than dead or without life."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生计；谋生收入",
    "en": "Money earned to pay for everyday needs."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生活；生活方式",
    "en": "The way people live and meet their everyday needs."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pond is full of tiny living creatures.",
    "zh": "池塘里满是微小的生物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising housing costs make it harder for young adults to earn a decent living in major cities.",
    "zh": "住房成本上涨，使年轻人在大城市更难挣到足以过上体面生活的收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "living organisms｜活的有机体",
   "earn a living｜谋生",
   "cost of living｜生活成本",
   "standard of living｜生活水平"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "live (v.)",
   "alive (adj.)",
   "life (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "alive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dead"
  ],
  "tip": "living可放名词前；alive通常作表语或后置修饰。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "living"
 },
 {
  "w": "amusing",
  "uk": "/əˈmjuːzɪŋ/",
  "us": "/əˈmjuːzɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "逗人发笑的；有趣的",
    "en": "funny or entertaining in a pleasant way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin told an amusing story about his cat.",
    "zh": "我表哥讲了一个关于他家猫的趣事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can use amusing examples to maintain students' attention while explaining difficult concepts in science lessons.",
    "zh": "教师可以在科学课上用有趣的例子吸引学生注意，同时解释难懂的概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "amusing story｜有趣的故事",
   "find something amusing｜觉得某事好笑",
   "amusing anecdote｜趣闻"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "amuse (v.)",
   "amused (adj.)",
   "amusement (n.)",
   "amusingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "funny",
   "entertaining"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "boring"
  ],
  "tip": "amusing形容事物逗人笑；amused形容人觉得好笑。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amusing"
 },
 {
  "w": "carton",
  "uk": "/ˈkɑːtən/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːrtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纸盒；纸板箱",
    "en": "A container made of cardboard, often used for food or drinks."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please put the milk carton back in the fridge.",
    "zh": "请把牛奶盒放回冰箱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local recycling schemes should explain how residents can dispose of each type of food carton correctly.",
    "zh": "当地回收项目应说明居民如何正确处理各种食品纸盒。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a carton of milk｜一盒牛奶",
   "egg carton｜鸡蛋盒",
   "cardboard carton｜纸板箱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "box"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a carton of milk是一盒奶；勿与cartoon混淆。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "carton"
 },
 {
  "w": "grateful",
  "uk": "/ˈɡreɪtfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈɡreɪtfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "感激的；感谢的",
    "en": "Feeling thankful for kindness, help, or something good."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I am grateful for your help with the move.",
    "zh": "谢谢你帮我搬家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many students are grateful for scholarships that allow them to continue their education despite financial difficulties.",
    "zh": "许多学生感谢奖学金让他们即使经济困难也能继续学业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grateful to someone｜感激某人",
   "grateful for something｜感谢某事",
   "deeply grateful｜深表感激"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gratitude (n.)",
   "gratefully (adv.)",
   "ungrateful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thankful",
   "appreciative"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ungrateful"
  ],
  "tip": "be grateful to某人 for某事；注意不是greatful。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grateful"
 },
 {
  "w": "sunrise",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌnraɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌnraɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "日出；日出时分",
    "en": "The appearance of the sun above the horizon each morning."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We woke early to watch the sunrise over the lake.",
    "zh": "我们早早醒来，观看湖上的日出。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Outdoor activities scheduled around sunrise allow tourists to enjoy cooler temperatures and observe local wildlife.",
    "zh": "安排在日出前后的户外活动让游客能在较凉爽的气温下观赏当地野生动物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at sunrise｜在日出时",
   "watch the sunrise｜看日出",
   "before sunrise｜日出前"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "sunset"
  ],
  "tip": "在日出时用at sunrise；日落是sunset。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sunrise"
 },
 {
  "w": "waist",
  "uk": "/weɪst/",
  "us": "/weɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "腰；腰部",
    "en": "The middle part of your body above your hips."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "衣服的腰部",
    "en": "The part of a garment that fits around your waist."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These trousers fit perfectly around my waist now.",
    "zh": "这条裤子的腰围现在正好适合我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Measuring waist size can help health professionals assess certain risks associated with excess body fat.",
    "zh": "测量腰围能帮助医护人员评估与体脂过多相关的某些风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "waist size｜腰围",
   "around the waist｜围绕腰部",
   "from the waist up｜从腰部往上"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "waistline (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "waist指腰，与表示浪费的waste同音。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "waist"
 },
 {
  "w": "cyclist",
  "uk": "/ˈsaɪklɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈsaɪklɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "骑自行车的人",
    "en": "a person who rides a bicycle"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cyclist stopped beside the bridge for water.",
    "zh": "那位骑自行车的人在桥边停下来喝水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protected cycle lanes can reduce the risk of collisions between cyclists and motor vehicles in busy cities.",
    "zh": "在繁忙的城市中，有隔离设施的自行车道可以降低骑车者与机动车碰撞的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commuter cyclist｜骑车通勤者",
   "professional cyclist｜职业自行车运动员",
   "cyclist safety｜骑车者安全"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cycle (v.)",
   "cycling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cyclist指骑自行车的人，不指骑摩托车的人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cyclist"
 },
 {
  "w": "subtitle",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌbtaɪtl/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌbtaɪtl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "字幕",
    "en": "written dialogue or translation displayed on a screen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "副标题",
    "en": "an additional title explaining a work's main title"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……配字幕",
    "en": "to add written dialogue or translation to a film"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the film with subtitles because the dialogue was quiet.",
    "zh": "因为对白声音很小，我们看电影时开了字幕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Subtitles can support language learning by helping viewers connect spoken expressions with their written forms.",
    "zh": "字幕能帮助观众将口语表达与书面形式联系起来，从而辅助语言学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "English subtitles｜英语字幕",
   "turn on subtitles｜开启字幕",
   "add a subtitle｜添加副标题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "title (n.)",
   "subtitling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "影视字幕通常用复数subtitles；单数也可指副标题。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "subtitle"
 },
 {
  "w": "recover",
  "uk": "/rɪˈkʌvə/",
  "us": "/rɪˈkʌvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "康复；恢复",
    "en": "return to health or a normal condition after difficulty"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "找回；重新获得",
    "en": "get back something lost, stolen, or spent"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It took several days to recover from the flu.",
    "zh": "流感过后，花了好几天才康复。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local economies often recover more quickly when governments provide timely support for small businesses.",
    "zh": "政府及时为小企业提供支持时，当地经济往往恢复得更快。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "recover from an illness｜病后康复",
   "fully recover｜完全恢复",
   "recover lost data｜恢复丢失的数据",
   "recover costs｜收回成本"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recovery (n.)",
   "recoverable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "recuperate",
   "regain"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "deteriorate"
  ],
  "tip": "从疾病或挫折中恢复用recover from。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recover"
 },
 {
  "w": "nod",
  "uk": "/nɒd/",
  "us": "/nɑːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "点头；点头示意",
    "en": "to move your head down and up to communicate"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "点头；点头示意",
    "en": "a downward and upward head movement expressing a message"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She nodded when I offered her another cup of tea.",
    "zh": "我问她是否再来杯茶时，她点了点头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During group discussions, participants may nod to show understanding without necessarily agreeing with the speaker's views.",
    "zh": "在小组讨论中，参与者可能通过点头表示理解，但并不一定赞同发言者的观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nod in agreement｜点头同意",
   "give a nod｜点一下头",
   "nod at someone｜向某人点头",
   "nod off｜打瞌睡"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式nodded；现在分词nodding，均双写d。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nod"
 },
 {
  "w": "trumpet",
  "uk": "/ˈtrʌmpɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈtrʌmpɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小号",
    "en": "A brass musical instrument with three valves and a bright sound."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "大肆宣扬；鼓吹",
    "en": "To announce or praise something loudly and publicly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发出喇叭般的声音",
    "en": "To make a loud sound like an elephant's call."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The musician lifted her trumpet and played a cheerful tune.",
    "zh": "那位乐手举起小号，吹奏了一支欢快的曲子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning the trumpet in a school orchestra can improve students' concentration and ability to cooperate with others.",
    "zh": "在学校管弦乐队学习小号可以提升学生的专注力及与他人合作的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play the trumpet｜吹小号",
   "trumpet player｜小号手",
   "trumpet achievements｜大肆宣扬成就"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trumpeter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "乐器义是“小号”；动词可指大肆宣扬。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trumpet"
 },
 {
  "w": "sandy",
  "uk": "/ˈsændi/",
  "us": "/ˈsændi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多沙的；铺满沙的",
    "en": "covered with sand or containing a lot of sand"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "沙色的；浅黄褐色的",
    "en": "light yellowish brown in colour, especially describing hair"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We left our shoes beside the sandy path.",
    "zh": "我们把鞋放在了沙地小路旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sandy soils often require careful irrigation because they retain less water than soils with more clay.",
    "zh": "沙质土壤通常需要精心灌溉，因为其保水能力弱于黏土含量较高的土壤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sandy beach｜沙滩",
   "sandy soil｜沙质土壤",
   "sandy hair｜浅黄褐色头发"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sand (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sandy既可形容多沙的地面，也可形容浅黄褐色头发。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sandy"
 },
 {
  "w": "tradition",
  "uk": "/trəˈdɪʃən/",
  "us": "/trəˈdɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "传统；惯例",
    "en": "A belief or custom passed down through generations."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Making dumplings together is a tradition in our family.",
    "zh": "一起包饺子是我们家的传统。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can help preserve local traditions by inviting older residents to share their knowledge and practical skills.",
    "zh": "学校可以邀请年长居民分享知识和实用技能，从而帮助保留当地传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "family tradition｜家庭传统",
   "preserve a tradition｜保留传统",
   "break with tradition｜打破传统",
   "oral tradition｜口述传统"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "traditional (adj.)",
   "traditionally (adv.)",
   "traditionalist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "custom"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "具体习俗可数；泛指传统时可不可数，如break with tradition。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tradition"
 },
 {
  "w": "Atlantic",
  "uk": "/ətˈlæntɪk/",
  "us": "/ətˈlæntɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大西洋",
    "en": "The ocean between the Americas and Europe and Africa."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大西洋的；沿岸的",
    "en": "Relating to the Atlantic Ocean or its surrounding regions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched huge waves roll in from the Atlantic.",
    "zh": "我们看着巨浪从大西洋翻涌而来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Changes in Atlantic ocean currents could influence weather patterns and agricultural production across several continents.",
    "zh": "大西洋洋流的变化可能影响多个大洲的天气模式和农业生产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the Atlantic Ocean｜大西洋",
   "cross the Atlantic｜横渡大西洋",
   "the Atlantic coast｜大西洋沿岸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transatlantic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母大写；作名词通常用the Atlantic。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "atlantic"
 },
 {
  "w": "whistle",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪsəl/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪsəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吹口哨；鸣哨；呼啸",
    "en": "to make a high sound with lips or escaping air"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "哨子",
    "en": "a small device blown to produce a high, clear sound"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "口哨声；汽笛声",
    "en": "a high, clear sound made by lips, air, or a device"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother whistles cheerful tunes while washing the dishes.",
    "zh": "我哥哥洗碗时会吹欢快的小曲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Lifeguards use whistles to attract swimmers' attention quickly when dangerous conditions develop near the shore.",
    "zh": "岸边出现危险情况时，救生员用哨子迅速引起游泳者的注意。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blow a whistle｜吹哨",
   "whistle a tune｜吹口哨哼曲子",
   "final whistle｜终场哨声",
   "whistle for help｜吹哨求助"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "whistler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "whistle中的t不发音；吹哨子用blow a whistle。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "whistle"
 },
 {
  "w": "strength",
  "uk": "/streŋθ/",
  "us": "/streŋθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "力气；力量",
    "en": "Physical power to lift, move, or resist something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "长处；优势",
    "en": "A quality or skill that makes someone or something effective."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "强度；坚固程度",
    "en": "How strong, powerful, or resistant to damage something is."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I needed all my strength to lift the suitcase.",
    "zh": "我使出全身力气才提起那个手提箱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should help students identify their strengths rather than judge everyone solely through written examinations.",
    "zh": "学校应帮助学生发现自己的长处，而不是仅凭笔试评判所有人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "physical strength｜体力",
   "strengths and weaknesses｜优点与缺点",
   "tensile strength｜抗拉强度",
   "build strength｜增强力量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "strong (adj.)",
   "strongly (adv.)",
   "strengthen (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "weakness"
  ],
  "tip": "表示力气通常不可数；表示长处可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strength"
 },
 {
  "w": "tear",
  "uk": "/teə/, /tɪə/",
  "us": "/ter/, /tɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "撕破；扯开",
    "en": "To pull something apart or make a hole by pulling."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "眼泪",
    "en": "A drop of liquid that comes from your eye."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "裂口；破洞",
    "en": "A hole or split caused by pulling something apart."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Be careful not to tear the paper bag.",
    "zh": "小心别把纸袋撕破了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Thin plastic bags tear easily, making them less suitable for repeated use than durable cloth alternatives.",
    "zh": "薄塑料袋容易撕裂，因此不如耐用的布袋适合反复使用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tear up paper｜撕碎纸张",
   "burst into tears｜突然哭起来",
   "tear apart｜撕开；扯碎"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tearful (adj.)",
   "tearfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rip"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "撕裂读/teə/，眼泪读/tɪə/；动词变化为 tore、torn。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tear"
 },
 {
  "w": "navy",
  "uk": "/ˈneɪvi/",
  "us": "/ˈneɪvi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海军",
    "en": "the armed force that operates mainly at sea"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "深蓝色；藏青色",
    "en": "a very dark blue colour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "深蓝色的",
    "en": "having a very dark blue colour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle joined the navy after leaving school.",
    "zh": "我叔叔毕业后加入了海军。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The navy can support coastal communities by delivering emergency supplies after severe storms damage local roads.",
    "zh": "强风暴破坏当地道路后，海军可以运送应急物资，支援沿海社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "join the navy｜加入海军",
   "serve in the navy｜在海军服役",
   "navy blue｜藏青色"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "naval (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "navy指海军整体；具体的一艘军舰用warship。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "navy"
 },
 {
  "w": "brief",
  "uk": "/briːf/",
  "us": "/briːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "简短的；短暂的",
    "en": "Lasting a short time or using few words."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "向……介绍情况",
    "en": "To give someone essential information or instructions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "任务说明；工作要求",
    "en": "Instructions explaining what a task should achieve."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took a brief break before finishing the puzzle.",
    "zh": "我们短暂休息了一下，然后完成了拼图。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should brief students on safety procedures before allowing them to conduct experiments independently.",
    "zh": "教师应先向学生介绍安全操作规程，再允许他们独立进行实验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a brief summary｜简要总结",
   "a brief pause｜短暂停顿",
   "brief someone on｜向某人介绍……的情况",
   "a design brief｜设计任务说明"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "briefly (adv.)",
   "briefing (n.)",
   "brevity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "short",
   "concise"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lengthy"
  ],
  "tip": "brief指时间短或内容简洁，本身不表示草率。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brief"
 },
 {
  "w": "pole",
  "uk": "/pəʊl/",
  "us": "/poʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "杆；柱；竿",
    "en": "A long, narrow stick or post, often used for support."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地极；磁极；电极",
    "en": "Either of two opposite ends of Earth, a magnet, or battery."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "对立的极端",
    "en": "Either of two completely opposite positions or qualities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We used a long pole to support the tent.",
    "zh": "我们用一根长杆撑起帐篷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Climate change is affecting both poles, although the environmental consequences differ significantly between the two regions.",
    "zh": "气候变化正影响着南北两极，但两个地区面临的环境后果存在显著差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tent pole｜帐篷撑杆",
   "the North Pole｜北极",
   "a magnetic pole｜磁极",
   "poles apart｜截然不同"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "polar (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rod"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pole与poll同音；地理名称the North Pole需大写。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pole"
 },
 {
  "w": "unique",
  "uk": "/juˈniːk/",
  "us": "/juˈniːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "独一无二的；独特的",
    "en": "Unlike anything else, or the only one of its kind"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "特有的；独有的",
    "en": "Found only in a particular person, place, or thing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each handmade bowl has a unique pattern inside.",
    "zh": "每个手工碗的内侧都有独特的图案。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting local crafts helps communities preserve their unique cultural identity in an increasingly globalised world.",
    "zh": "在日益全球化的世界中，保护地方手工艺有助于社区保留独特的文化认同。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unique opportunity｜难得的机会",
   "unique features｜独有的特点",
   "unique to the region｜该地区特有的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "uniquely (adv.)",
   "uniqueness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "distinctive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ordinary",
   "common"
  ],
  "tip": "unique to表示某处特有；严格指唯一时不用very修饰。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unique"
 },
 {
  "w": "package",
  "uk": "/ˈpækɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈpækɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "包裹；包装盒",
    "en": "An object or collection of objects wrapped or boxed together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一整套方案或服务",
    "en": "A set of services or measures offered together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "包装",
    "en": "To put something into a container for sale or transport."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small package arrived at our door this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早晨，一个小包裹送到了我们家门口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The government introduced a support package to help small businesses invest in cleaner production methods.",
    "zh": "政府推出了一揽子扶持措施，帮助小企业投资更清洁的生产方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deliver a package｜递送包裹",
   "a support package｜一揽子扶持措施",
   "package holiday｜包价旅游"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pack (v.)",
   "packaging (n.)",
   "unpack (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "parcel"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指邮寄的包裹时，英式英语也常用parcel。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "package"
 },
 {
  "w": "loan",
  "uk": "/ləʊn/",
  "us": "/loʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "贷款；借款",
    "en": "money borrowed and expected to be paid back"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "借用；出借",
    "en": "the temporary use of something belonging to someone else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "借出；贷给",
    "en": "to give money or something temporarily, expecting its return"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took out a loan to repair the roof.",
    "zh": "我们申请了一笔贷款来修屋顶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable student loans can widen access to university, although repayment may create financial pressure after graduation.",
    "zh": "负担得起的学生贷款可以扩大大学入学机会，但毕业后的还款可能带来经济压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take out a loan｜申请贷款",
   "repay a loan｜偿还贷款",
   "student loan｜学生贷款",
   "on loan｜借用中；出借中"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lender (n.)",
   "lending (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "loan作动词意为借出，不是借入。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "loan"
 },
 {
  "w": "brunch",
  "uk": "/brʌntʃ/",
  "us": "/brʌntʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "早午餐",
    "en": "A late morning meal combining breakfast and lunch."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We enjoyed brunch on the balcony this morning.",
    "zh": "今天上午，我们在阳台上享用了早午餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Serving brunch allows local cafés to attract customers outside the traditional breakfast and lunch periods.",
    "zh": "供应早午餐能让当地咖啡馆在传统早餐和午餐时段之外吸引顾客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have brunch｜吃早午餐",
   "weekend brunch｜周末早午餐",
   "brunch menu｜早午餐菜单"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "由breakfast和lunch合成，指合并两餐的早午餐。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brunch"
 },
 {
  "w": "forbidden",
  "uk": "/fəˈbɪdən/",
  "us": "/fərˈbɪdən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "被禁止的；不准的",
    "en": "not allowed by a rule, law, or authority"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Taking photos is forbidden inside this small museum.",
    "zh": "这家小博物馆内禁止拍照。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In many protected areas, hunting is strictly forbidden to preserve wildlife populations and maintain ecological balance.",
    "zh": "在许多保护区，狩猎被严格禁止，以保护野生动物种群并维持生态平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strictly forbidden｜严格禁止的",
   "forbidden territory｜禁区",
   "forbidden by law｜法律禁止的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "forbid (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "prohibited",
   "banned"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "permitted",
   "allowed"
  ],
  "tip": "也是forbid的过去分词；过去式为forbade。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "forbidden"
 },
 {
  "w": "eventually",
  "uk": "/ɪˈventʃuəli/",
  "us": "/ɪˈventʃuəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "最终；终于",
    "en": "in the end, especially after a long time or difficulty"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After searching every room, we eventually found the missing keys.",
    "zh": "搜遍每个房间后，我们终于找到了丢失的钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport may initially be expensive, but it can eventually reduce congestion and improve urban life.",
    "zh": "公共交通投资起初可能成本高昂，但最终能够缓解拥堵并改善城市生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "eventually succeed｜最终成功",
   "eventually lead to｜最终导致",
   "eventually become｜最终成为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eventual (adj.)",
   "eventuality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "finally",
   "ultimately"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调经过时间或困难后的结果，不表示可能。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eventually"
 },
 {
  "w": "fault",
  "uk": "/fɔːlt/",
  "us": "/fɔːlt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缺陷；故障",
    "en": "Something wrong with an object, system, or person's character"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "过错；责任",
    "en": "Responsibility for a mistake or something bad that happened"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "断层",
    "en": "A break in rock where sections have moved apart"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small electrical fault stopped the washing machine yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天一个小小的电路故障让洗衣机停止了运转。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular inspections can identify a structural fault before it threatens the safety of residents.",
    "zh": "定期检查能在结构缺陷危及居民安全之前发现它。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "electrical fault｜电路故障",
   "at fault｜有过错",
   "find fault with｜挑剔",
   "fault line｜断层线"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "faulty (adj.)",
   "faultless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "defect",
   "flaw"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "It's my fault表示“是我的错”，不用mistake替换。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fault"
 },
 {
  "w": "parcel",
  "uk": "/ˈpɑːsəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːrsəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "包裹；邮包",
    "en": "an object wrapped for sending by post or delivery"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一块土地",
    "en": "a piece of land considered as a single unit"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打包；分配",
    "en": "to wrap something, or divide it into portions for distribution"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small parcel arrived for you this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上有个寄给你的小包裹到了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The growing volume of parcel deliveries has encouraged cities to explore cleaner transport options for local distribution.",
    "zh": "包裹配送量不断增长，促使城市探索更环保的本地配送方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "send a parcel｜寄包裹",
   "a parcel of land｜一块土地",
   "parcel something up｜把某物包好",
   "parcel something out｜分配某物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "package"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "包裹在英式英语中常用parcel，美式英语更常用package。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "parcel"
 },
 {
  "w": "mud",
  "uk": "/mʌd/",
  "us": "/mʌd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "泥；泥浆",
    "en": "Soft, wet earth made when soil mixes with water."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our boots were covered in mud after the walk.",
    "zh": "散步回来后，我们的靴子上沾满了泥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Heavy rainfall can turn unpaved roads into mud, making rural communities difficult to reach.",
    "zh": "强降雨会使未铺装的道路变得泥泞，导致农村社区交通不便。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thick mud｜厚厚的泥浆",
   "covered in mud｜沾满泥",
   "get stuck in the mud｜陷在泥里"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "muddy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mud通常不可数；形容泥泞用muddy。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mud"
 },
 {
  "w": "phrase",
  "uk": "/freɪz/",
  "us": "/freɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "短语；词组；惯用语",
    "en": "a group of words expressing an idea or forming a unit"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "措辞；用语言表达",
    "en": "to express something using particular words"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I learned a useful phrase in my English class today.",
    "zh": "今天我在英语课上学到了一个实用短语。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must phrase survey questions carefully to avoid influencing participants and reducing the reliability of their findings.",
    "zh": "研究人员必须仔细斟酌调查问题的措辞，以免影响参与者并降低研究结果的可靠性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a common phrase｜常见短语",
   "a noun phrase｜名词短语",
   "phrase a question｜为问题措辞",
   "a useful phrase｜实用短语"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "phrasing (n.)",
   "phrasal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "expression"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "phrase是短语，不一定构成完整句子。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "phrase"
 },
 {
  "w": "upset",
  "uk": "/ʌpˈset/",
  "us": "/ʌpˈset/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "难过的；心烦的",
    "en": "Unhappy, worried, or disappointed about something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使难过；使心烦",
    "en": "To make someone feel unhappy or worried."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打乱；扰乱",
    "en": "To disturb the usual arrangement or balance of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Lena felt upset when she lost her favourite scarf.",
    "zh": "莉娜丢了最喜欢的围巾，心里很难过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sudden changes to school routines can upset younger children, who often rely on predictable daily activities.",
    "zh": "学校作息突然改变可能让年幼的孩子不安，因为他们往往依赖可预期的日常活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel upset｜感到难过",
   "upset about something｜为某事心烦",
   "upset the balance｜打破平衡",
   "upset someone's plans｜打乱某人的计划"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "upsetting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "distressed",
   "unhappy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "happy"
  ],
  "tip": "动词过去式、过去分词仍是upset；名词重音在前。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "upset"
 },
 {
  "w": "individual",
  "uk": "/ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/",
  "us": "/ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "个人的；单独的",
    "en": "Relating to one person or thing rather than a group"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "个人；个体",
    "en": "One person or living thing considered separately from others"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "独特的；有个性的",
    "en": "Having qualities that make someone or something different from others"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The teacher gave each child an individual box of crayons.",
    "zh": "老师给每个孩子单独发了一盒彩色蜡笔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Education systems should recognise individual learning needs rather than expect every student to progress at the same pace.",
    "zh": "教育体系应重视个人的学习需求，而不是指望每个学生都以相同的速度进步。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "individual needs｜个人需求",
   "individual responsibility｜个人责任",
   "individual differences｜个体差异",
   "a talented individual｜有才华的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "individually (adv.)",
   "individuality (n.)",
   "individualism (n.)",
   "individualistic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "personal",
   "distinctive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "collective"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词强调单个或个人；作可数名词指一个人或个体。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "individual"
 },
 {
  "w": "involved",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvɒlvd/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvɑːlvd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "参与的；涉及的",
    "en": "taking part in or connected with something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "复杂难懂的",
    "en": "complicated and difficult to understand"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone involved in the picnic brought something to share.",
    "zh": "参加野餐的每个人都带了东西与大家分享。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents should be actively involved in planning decisions that affect the future of their neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "居民应积极参与影响社区未来的规划决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get involved in｜参与",
   "actively involved｜积极参与的",
   "an involved process｜复杂的过程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "involve (v.)",
   "involvement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "uninvolved"
  ],
  "tip": "参与某事用be involved in；修饰名词可后置。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "involved"
 },
 {
  "w": "totally",
  "uk": "/ˈtəʊtəli/",
  "us": "/ˈtoʊtəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "完全；彻底",
    "en": "completely; in every way or to the fullest degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I totally forgot to bring my swimming costume.",
    "zh": "我完全忘了带泳衣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online courses cannot totally replace classroom teaching because students also benefit from direct social interaction.",
    "zh": "在线课程无法完全取代课堂教学，因为学生也能从直接的社交互动中受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "totally different｜完全不同",
   "totally agree｜完全同意",
   "totally unacceptable｜完全不可接受"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "total (adj.)",
   "total (n.)",
   "total (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "completely",
   "entirely",
   "wholly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "partly"
  ],
  "tip": "语气较强；正式写作中常可换用completely或entirely。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "totally"
 },
 {
  "w": "display",
  "uk": "/dɪˈspleɪ/",
  "us": "/dɪˈspleɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "展示；陈列；显示",
    "en": "Put something where people can see it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "展览；陈列",
    "en": "An arrangement of things for people to look at"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "显示屏",
    "en": "A screen that shows information or images"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery displays fresh cakes beside the front window.",
    "zh": "面包店把新鲜蛋糕陈列在前窗旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museums increasingly display everyday objects to illustrate how ordinary people lived in the past.",
    "zh": "博物馆越来越多地展示日常物品，以呈现过去普通人的生活方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on display｜在展出",
   "display information｜显示信息",
   "a colourful display｜色彩缤纷的陈列",
   "digital display｜数字显示屏"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "show",
   "exhibit"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hide"
  ],
  "tip": "on display意为“在展出”，中间不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "display"
 },
 {
  "w": "minus",
  "uk": "/ˈmaɪnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈmaɪnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "减去；扣除",
    "en": "with a particular amount taken away"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "负的；零下的",
    "en": "below zero"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缺点；不利因素",
    "en": "a disadvantage or negative feature"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Ten minus three leaves enough apples for everyone.",
    "zh": "十个苹果减去三个，剩下的仍够每人分一个。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A household's disposable income is its total income minus taxes and other compulsory payments.",
    "zh": "家庭可支配收入是总收入扣除税款及其他强制性支出后剩余的部分。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "minus ten degrees｜零下十度",
   "minus sign｜减号；负号",
   "pluses and minuses｜优缺点"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "plus"
  ],
  "tip": "minus可表减去，也可置于温度前表示零下。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "minus"
 },
 {
  "w": "airmail",
  "uk": "/ˈeəmeɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈermeɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "航空邮件；航空邮递",
    "en": "letters and parcels transported by aircraft, or this postal service"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sent the parcel by airmail yesterday morning.",
    "zh": "我们昨天上午通过航空邮递寄出了包裹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although digital communication dominates international business, airmail remains useful for sending original documents overseas.",
    "zh": "尽管数字通信主导着国际商务，航空邮递在向海外寄送文件原件方面仍然有用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "by airmail｜通过航空邮递",
   "send something by airmail｜航空邮寄某物",
   "airmail service｜航空邮递服务"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示寄送方式用by airmail，不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "airmail"
 },
 {
  "w": "stolen",
  "uk": "/ˈstəʊlən/",
  "us": "/ˈstoʊlən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "被偷的；失窃的",
    "en": "taken from its owner without permission"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "偷窃（steal的过去分词）",
    "en": "taken something without permission, as the past participle of steal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The police found my stolen bicycle behind a garage.",
    "zh": "警察在一个车库后面找到了我被偷的自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stolen personal data can expose internet users to financial losses, highlighting the importance of effective online security.",
    "zh": "被盗的个人数据可能使互联网用户遭受经济损失，这凸显了有效网络安全措施的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stolen goods｜赃物",
   "a stolen vehicle｜被盗车辆",
   "stolen data｜被盗数据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "steal (v.)",
   "theft (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "变化为steal—stole—stolen；stolen不能单独作过去式。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stolen"
 },
 {
  "w": "pleasure",
  "uk": "/ˈpleʒə/",
  "us": "/ˈpleʒɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "快乐；满足",
    "en": "A feeling of happiness or enjoyment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乐事；令人愉快的经历",
    "en": "An activity or experience that brings enjoyment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She takes great pleasure in growing herbs on her balcony.",
    "zh": "她在阳台上种香草，从中获得很大的乐趣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries encourage reading for pleasure while providing affordable access to knowledge for people of all ages.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆鼓励以阅读为乐，同时让各年龄段的人都能以低廉的成本获取知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take pleasure in｜从……中获得乐趣",
   "for pleasure｜为了消遣",
   "a great pleasure｜一大乐事",
   "with pleasure｜乐意地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "please (v.)",
   "pleased (adj.)",
   "pleasant (adj.)",
   "pleasurable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enjoyment",
   "delight"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "displeasure"
  ],
  "tip": "快乐通常不可数；一件乐事可说a pleasure。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pleasure"
 },
 {
  "w": "sidewalk",
  "uk": "/ˈsaɪdwɔːk/",
  "us": "/ˈsaɪdwɔːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人行道（美式）",
    "en": "A paved path beside a street for pedestrians."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please keep your bicycle off the crowded sidewalk.",
    "zh": "请不要把自行车骑上拥挤的人行道。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting trees along sidewalks can provide shade for pedestrians and reduce summer temperatures in cities.",
    "zh": "沿人行道植树可以为行人遮阴，并降低城市夏季的气温。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "crowded sidewalk｜拥挤的人行道",
   "sidewalk café｜路边露天咖啡馆",
   "sidewalk repair｜人行道维修"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "pavement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式sidewalk对应英式pavement。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sidewalk"
 },
 {
  "w": "shortly",
  "uk": "/ˈʃɔːtli/",
  "us": "/ˈʃɔːrtli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "不久；马上",
    "en": "After a short amount of time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "不耐烦地；生硬地",
    "en": "In a brief, unfriendly or impatient way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bus will arrive shortly, so get your bag ready.",
    "zh": "公交车马上就到，把你的包准备好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shortly after the new railway opened, local businesses reported a significant increase in customer visits.",
    "zh": "新铁路开通后不久，当地商家就报告称到店顾客显著增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "arrive shortly｜很快到达",
   "shortly after｜在……之后不久",
   "shortly before｜在……之前不久"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "short (adj.)",
   "shorten (v.)",
   "shortness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "soon"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“简要地”通常用briefly，不用shortly。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shortly"
 },
 {
  "w": "secondhand",
  "uk": "/ˌsekəndˈhænd/",
  "us": "/ˌsekəndˈhænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "二手的；用过的",
    "en": "Previously owned or used by someone else."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "间接得来的",
    "en": "Learned from others rather than experienced directly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "以二手方式；间接地",
    "en": "From a previous owner or through another person."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I bought a secondhand bicycle from my neighbour.",
    "zh": "我从邻居那里买了一辆二手自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Buying secondhand furniture can reduce household spending and limit the environmental impact of producing new goods.",
    "zh": "购买二手家具可以减少家庭开支，并降低生产新商品对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "secondhand furniture｜二手家具",
   "secondhand information｜间接得来的信息",
   "buy secondhand｜购买二手物品",
   "secondhand smoke｜二手烟"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "used",
   "pre-owned"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "new"
  ],
  "tip": "也常写作second-hand；信息义指非亲身所得。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "secondhand"
 },
 {
  "w": "progress",
  "uk": "/ˈprəʊɡres/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːɡres/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "进步；进展",
    "en": "improvement or movement towards a goal"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "进步；逐步发展",
    "en": "to improve or move towards a more advanced stage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You have made real progress with your swimming.",
    "zh": "你的游泳水平确实有了进步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular feedback helps students monitor their progress and identify areas that require further practice.",
    "zh": "定期反馈有助于学生了解自己的进步，并找出需要进一步练习的方面。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make progress｜取得进步",
   "steady progress｜稳步进展",
   "in progress｜进行中"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "progressive (adj.)",
   "progression (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "advancement"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "regression"
  ],
  "tip": "名词不可数；动词重音后移，英音/prəˈɡres/。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "progress"
 },
 {
  "w": "poverty",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒvəti/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːvərti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "贫穷；贫困",
    "en": "The condition of lacking money for basic needs."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "匮乏；贫乏",
    "en": "A serious lack of something needed or valued."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The charity helps local families living in poverty.",
    "zh": "这家慈善机构帮助当地生活贫困的家庭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving access to education and stable employment can help reduce poverty across both rural and urban communities.",
    "zh": "改善教育机会和稳定就业机会，有助于减少城乡社区的贫困。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "live in poverty｜生活贫困",
   "reduce poverty｜减少贫困",
   "extreme poverty｜极端贫困",
   "a poverty of ideas｜思想贫乏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "poor (adj.)",
   "impoverish (v.)",
   "impoverished (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "destitution"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "wealth",
   "affluence"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；“生活贫困”用live in poverty。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "poverty"
 },
 {
  "w": "official",
  "uk": "/əˈfɪʃəl/",
  "us": "/əˈfɪʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "官方的；正式的",
    "en": "approved or issued by a government or organisation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "官员；高级职员",
    "en": "someone with a position of authority in an organisation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We checked the official website before booking our tickets.",
    "zh": "我们订票前查看了官方网站。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Official statistics indicate that investment in public transport has increased steadily over the past decade.",
    "zh": "官方统计数据显示，过去十年公共交通投资持续增长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "official statement｜官方声明",
   "official statistics｜官方统计数据",
   "government official｜政府官员",
   "official language｜官方语言"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "officially (adv.)",
   "unofficial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "authorised"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unofficial"
  ],
  "tip": "official强调官方认可；formal强调形式或场合正式。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "official"
 },
 {
  "w": "registration",
  "uk": "/ˌredʒɪˈstreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌredʒɪˈstreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "登记；注册；挂号",
    "en": "The process of officially recording details or joining something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "登记证；注册证明",
    "en": "An official document showing that something has been registered."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Registration for the swimming course opens on Monday.",
    "zh": "游泳课程将于周一开始报名。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online registration can improve access to public services, provided that support remains available for people without internet access.",
    "zh": "网上登记可以让公共服务更易获取，前提是仍为无法上网的人提供帮助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "online registration｜网上注册",
   "registration fee｜报名费",
   "vehicle registration｜车辆登记",
   "registration form｜登记表"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "register (v.)",
   "registered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enrolment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示报名或注册某活动，常用registration for。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "registration"
 },
 {
  "w": "guided",
  "uk": "/ˈɡaɪdɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈɡaɪdɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有导游的；有指导的",
    "en": "led or supported by someone with knowledge or experience"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We joined a guided walk through the forest yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们参加了一次有向导带领的森林徒步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Guided learning can help students build confidence before they begin working independently on complex tasks.",
    "zh": "有指导的学习可以帮助学生建立信心，为独立完成复杂任务做好准备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "guided tour｜导览游",
   "guided walk｜向导带领的徒步",
   "guided learning｜有指导的学习"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "guide (v.)",
   "guidance (n.)",
   "unguided (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unguided"
  ],
  "tip": "guided tour指有导游的游览；guided也是guide的过去分词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "guided"
 },
 {
  "w": "disgusting",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人恶心的；令人反感的",
    "en": "extremely unpleasant, making you feel sick or strongly dislike something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人愤慨的；不可接受的",
    "en": "so bad or wrong that it causes strong disapproval"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A disgusting smell came from the forgotten rubbish bag.",
    "zh": "那个被遗忘的垃圾袋散发出一股令人恶心的气味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents described the illegal dumping of waste beside their homes as disgusting and demanded immediate action.",
    "zh": "居民称在住宅旁非法倾倒垃圾的行为令人愤慨，并要求立即采取行动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a disgusting smell｜令人恶心的气味",
   "disgusting behaviour｜令人反感的行为",
   "absolutely disgusting｜极其恶心的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disgust (n.)",
   "disgust (v.)",
   "disgusted (adj.)",
   "disgustingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "revolting",
   "repulsive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "pleasant"
  ],
  "tip": "disgusting形容事物令人反感；disgusted形容人感到反感。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disgusting"
 },
 {
  "w": "march",
  "uk": "/mɑːtʃ/",
  "us": "/mɑːrtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "齐步行进；坚定地走",
    "en": "Walk with firm, regular steps, often in a group."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "游行；行军",
    "en": "An organised walk by a group, often to protest."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "进行曲",
    "en": "Music with a strong regular rhythm suitable for marching."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The band marched through the square in bright uniforms.",
    "zh": "乐队身穿鲜艳的制服，齐步走过广场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents organised a peaceful march to demand safer roads and better public transport in their neighbourhood.",
    "zh": "居民组织了一场和平游行，要求改善社区道路安全和公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "march through the streets｜列队穿过街道",
   "a protest march｜抗议游行",
   "a peaceful march｜和平游行",
   "a military march｜军队进行曲"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "marcher (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "小写march指行进；大写March指三月。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "march"
 },
 {
  "w": "whenever",
  "uk": "/wenˈevə/",
  "us": "/wenˈevɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "每当；每次",
    "en": "Every time that something happens."
   },
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "无论何时；随时",
    "en": "At any time that something happens or is convenient."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "究竟什么时候",
    "en": "Used in questions to express surprise about when something happened."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Whenever I cook soup, my cat waits beside the stove.",
    "zh": "每当我煮汤时，我的猫就守在炉子旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Whenever cities expand, planners should consider how new developments will affect existing communities and local wildlife.",
    "zh": "每当城市扩张时，规划者都应考虑新开发项目将如何影响现有社区和当地野生动物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "whenever possible｜只要有可能",
   "whenever necessary｜每当有必要时",
   "whenever you like｜随你什么时候"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "when (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "引导将来时间从句时，通常用一般现在时，不用will。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "whenever"
 },
 {
  "w": "reserve",
  "uk": "/rɪˈzɜːv/",
  "us": "/rɪˈzɝːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "预订；保留",
    "en": "Arrange to keep something for a particular person or purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "储备；储备量",
    "en": "A supply kept for use when needed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自然保护区",
    "en": "An area where wildlife and natural habitats are protected."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you reserve a table for us tonight?",
    "zh": "你能帮我们预订今晚的餐桌吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should maintain adequate food reserves to protect vulnerable communities during periods of severe drought.",
    "zh": "政府应保持充足的粮食储备，以便在严重干旱期间保护脆弱群体。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reserve a table｜预订餐桌",
   "reserve something for someone｜为某人保留某物",
   "nature reserve｜自然保护区",
   "oil reserves｜石油储量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reservation (n.)",
   "reserved (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用 reserve sth for sb；储量常用 reserves。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reserve"
 },
 {
  "w": "impression",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpreʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpreʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "印象；感受",
    "en": "An idea or feeling formed about someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "模仿表演",
    "en": "A performance copying someone's voice, appearance, or behaviour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "压痕；印记",
    "en": "A mark left by pressing something into a surface."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her warm welcome gave me a good first impression.",
    "zh": "她热情的欢迎给我留下了良好的第一印象。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The appearance of public spaces can strongly influence visitors' overall impression of a city.",
    "zh": "公共空间的面貌会显著影响游客对城市的整体印象。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "first impression｜第一印象",
   "make an impression on｜给……留下印象",
   "be under the impression that｜以为……",
   "do an impression of｜模仿……"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "impress (v.)",
   "impressive (adj.)",
   "impressed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "under the impression that表示“以为”，常暗示误解。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "impression"
 },
 {
  "w": "affect",
  "uk": "/əˈfekt/",
  "us": "/əˈfekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "影响",
    "en": "to cause a change in someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使感动；使悲伤",
    "en": "to cause someone to feel a strong emotion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Too much coffee can affect how well you sleep.",
    "zh": "喝太多咖啡会影响你的睡眠质量。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising food prices disproportionately affect poorer households, which spend a larger share of their income on essentials.",
    "zh": "食品价格上涨对较贫困家庭的影响尤为严重，因为必需品支出占其收入的比例更大。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "affect health｜影响健康",
   "adversely affect｜产生不利影响",
   "deeply affect someone｜深深触动某人",
   "affect performance｜影响表现"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "affected (adj.)",
   "unaffected (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "influence",
   "impact"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“影响”时affect是动词，effect通常是名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "affect"
 },
 {
  "w": "cathedral",
  "uk": "/kəˈθiːdrəl/",
  "us": "/kəˈθiːdrəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "主教座堂；大教堂",
    "en": "The main church of a district led by a bishop."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sunlight streamed through the cathedral's beautiful stained glass windows.",
    "zh": "阳光透过大教堂美丽的彩色玻璃窗洒了进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring a historic cathedral can preserve traditional craftsmanship while attracting visitors who support the local economy.",
    "zh": "修复历史悠久的大教堂既能保护传统工艺，也能吸引游客，支持当地经济。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "medieval cathedral｜中世纪大教堂",
   "cathedral tower｜大教堂塔楼",
   "cathedral restoration｜大教堂修复"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "严格指主教驻地的教堂，并非所有大型教堂。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cathedral"
 },
 {
  "w": "advantage",
  "uk": "/ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ədˈvæntɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "优势；有利条件",
    "en": "Something that makes success more likely than for others."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "好处；益处",
    "en": "A useful or positive feature of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your long arms give you an advantage in swimming.",
    "zh": "你的长手臂让你在游泳时更有优势。"
   },
   {
    "en": "One major advantage of public transport is its ability to reduce traffic congestion in urban areas.",
    "zh": "公共交通的一大好处是能够缓解城市地区的交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "competitive advantage｜竞争优势",
   "have an advantage over｜比……有优势",
   "take advantage of｜利用；占……便宜",
   "a major advantage｜一大优势"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "advantageous (adj.)",
   "disadvantage (n.)",
   "disadvantaged (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "benefit",
   "edge"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disadvantage"
  ],
  "tip": "take advantage of可指利用机会，也可指占人便宜。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "advantage"
 },
 {
  "w": "unpleasant",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈplezənt/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈplezənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人不快的；难受的",
    "en": "Causing discomfort, dislike, or unhappiness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不友善的；粗鲁的",
    "en": "Behaving in an unfriendly or rude way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An unpleasant smell was coming from the kitchen bin.",
    "zh": "厨房垃圾桶里散发出一股难闻的气味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although commuting can be unpleasant, reliable public transport can reduce stress and improve the daily experience of workers.",
    "zh": "虽然通勤可能令人不快，但可靠的公共交通能减轻压力，改善上班族的日常体验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an unpleasant smell｜难闻的气味",
   "an unpleasant experience｜不愉快的经历",
   "unpleasant side effects｜令人难受的副作用",
   "unpleasant to someone｜对某人不友善"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pleasant (adj.)",
   "unpleasantly (adv.)",
   "unpleasantness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disagreeable",
   "unwelcome"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "pleasant",
   "agreeable"
  ],
  "tip": "形容事物表示令人不快；形容人常指态度不友善。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unpleasant"
 },
 {
  "w": "category",
  "uk": "/ˈkætəɡəri/",
  "us": "/ˈkætəɡɔːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "类别；种类",
    "en": "a group of things sharing particular features"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Put each book into the category that fits best.",
    "zh": "把每本书归入最合适的类别。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers divided household spending into several categories to identify changes in consumer behaviour.",
    "zh": "研究人员将家庭支出分成几个类别，以识别消费者行为的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fall into a category｜属于某类别",
   "broad category｜大类",
   "age category｜年龄组",
   "divide into categories｜分类"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "categorise (v.)",
   "categorisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "class",
   "group"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用fall into a category表示“归入某类别”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "category"
 },
 {
  "w": "warmly",
  "uk": "/ˈwɔːmli/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːrmli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "热情地；亲切地",
    "en": "in a friendly and welcoming way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "暖和地",
    "en": "in a way that keeps someone comfortably warm"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The neighbours smiled and greeted us warmly this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，邻居们微笑着热情地向我们打招呼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When schools welcome new students warmly, they can reduce anxiety and encourage participation in classroom activities.",
    "zh": "学校热情欢迎新生，有助于减轻他们的焦虑，并鼓励他们参与课堂活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "greet warmly｜热情地问候",
   "welcome warmly｜热烈欢迎",
   "dress warmly｜穿得暖和",
   "smile warmly｜亲切地微笑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "warm (adj.)",
   "warmth (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cordially"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "coldly"
  ],
  "tip": "greet warmly指热情问候；dress warmly指穿暖和。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "warmly"
 },
 {
  "w": "cycle",
  "uk": "/ˈsaɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsaɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "循环；周期",
    "en": "a series of events or stages that repeats"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "骑自行车",
    "en": "to travel by bicycle"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自行车",
    "en": "a vehicle with two wheels powered by pedalling"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I usually cycle to the park on sunny mornings.",
    "zh": "晴朗的早晨，我通常骑自行车去公园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Climate change can disrupt the natural water cycle, increasing the frequency of droughts and floods in some regions.",
    "zh": "气候变化会扰乱自然水循环，使一些地区的干旱和洪水更频繁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "life cycle｜生命周期",
   "water cycle｜水循环",
   "vicious cycle｜恶性循环",
   "cycle to work｜骑自行车上班"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cycling (n.)",
   "cyclist (n.)",
   "cyclical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cycle作动词表示骑车；骑车上班用cycle to work。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cycle"
 },
 {
  "w": "capital",
  "uk": "/ˈkæpɪtəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkæpɪtəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "首都；首府；省会",
    "en": "the city where a country or region's government is based"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "资本；资金",
    "en": "money or assets used to start or operate a business"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大写字母",
    "en": "a letter in its large form"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We visited the capital and explored its busy markets.",
    "zh": "我们游览了首都，逛了那里热闹的市场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses often struggle to obtain enough capital to invest in new equipment and staff training.",
    "zh": "小企业往往难以筹集足够资金，用于购置新设备和培训员工。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the capital city｜首都",
   "raise capital｜筹集资金",
   "a capital letter｜大写字母"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "capitalist (n.)",
   "capitalism (n.)",
   "capitalise (v.)",
   "capitalisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示资金时通常不可数；表示大写字母时可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "capital"
 },
 {
  "w": "instructor",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈstrʌktə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈstrʌktər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "教练；指导教师",
    "en": "Someone who teaches a particular skill or activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大学讲师（美国）",
    "en": "A teacher at an American college or university."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our swimming instructor showed us how to breathe properly.",
    "zh": "我们的游泳教练教我们如何正确呼吸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A qualified instructor can help older adults exercise safely and develop confidence in their physical abilities.",
    "zh": "合格的教练能帮助老年人安全锻炼，并增强他们对自身体能的信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "driving instructor｜驾驶教练",
   "qualified instructor｜合格的教练",
   "fitness instructor｜健身教练"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "instruct (v.)",
   "instruction (n.)",
   "instructive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "trainer",
   "teacher"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指教授驾驶、游泳等具体技能的人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "instructor"
 },
 {
  "w": "motel",
  "uk": "/məʊˈtel/",
  "us": "/moʊˈtel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汽车旅馆",
    "en": "A roadside hotel with convenient parking for guests."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a quiet motel just outside the town.",
    "zh": "我们在镇子外找到了一家安静的汽车旅馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable motels along major roads provide convenient accommodation for travellers exploring rural areas by car.",
    "zh": "主干道沿线价格实惠的汽车旅馆为自驾探索乡村的旅客提供了便利的住宿。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stay at a motel｜住汽车旅馆",
   "roadside motel｜路边汽车旅馆",
   "motel room｜汽车旅馆客房"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "motel主要服务驾车旅客，通常提供便利停车位。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "motel"
 },
 {
  "w": "sportsman",
  "uk": "/ˈspɔːtsmən/",
  "us": "/ˈspɔːrtsmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男运动员；男性运动爱好者",
    "en": "a man who plays sports, especially with skill"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle was a keen sportsman in his youth.",
    "zh": "我叔叔年轻时非常热爱运动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A successful sportsman can encourage young people to exercise regularly and develop confidence through physical activity.",
    "zh": "成功的男运动员可以鼓励年轻人经常锻炼，并通过体育活动培养自信。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keen sportsman｜热爱运动的男子",
   "professional sportsman｜职业男运动员",
   "talented sportsman｜有天赋的男运动员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sportswoman (n.)",
   "sport (n.)",
   "sporting (adj.)",
   "sportsmanship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "athlete"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "特指男性；不强调性别时可用athlete。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sportsman"
 },
 {
  "w": "load",
  "uk": "/ləʊd/",
  "us": "/loʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "负载；装载量",
    "en": "something carried, or the amount a vehicle or person carries"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "装载；加载",
    "en": "to put goods into something or data into computer memory"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工作量；负担",
    "en": "the amount of work or responsibility someone must manage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The donkey carried a heavy load up the hill.",
    "zh": "那头驴驮着沉重的货物上山。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sharing household tasks more equally can reduce the load on parents who also work full time.",
    "zh": "更公平地分担家务可以减轻还需全职工作的父母的负担。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a heavy load｜沉重的负载",
   "load a truck｜给卡车装货",
   "load data｜加载数据",
   "a load of laundry｜一批待洗衣物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "unload (v.)",
   "reload (v.)",
   "loaded (adj.)",
   "loading (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "burden"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "load A with B指把B装进A；卸货用unload。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "load"
 },
 {
  "w": "messenger",
  "uk": "/ˈmesɪndʒə/",
  "us": "/ˈmesɪndʒɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "送信人；传信者",
    "en": "a person who carries a message to someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A messenger arrived with an envelope for the manager.",
    "zh": "一名送信人带着一封给经理的信到了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before modern telecommunications, governments relied on messengers to carry important information between distant towns and military posts.",
    "zh": "在现代电信出现之前，政府依靠信使在相距遥远的城镇和军事哨所之间传递重要信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "send a messenger｜派遣信使",
   "bike messenger｜自行车送件员",
   "act as a messenger｜充当传话人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "message (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "courier"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "message 是信息；messenger 是传递信息的人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "messenger"
 },
 {
  "w": "publish",
  "uk": "/ˈpʌblɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈpʌblɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "出版；刊登",
    "en": "to produce books or other writing for public reading"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "公布；发布",
    "en": "to make information officially available to the public"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The local magazine published my photograph of the river.",
    "zh": "当地杂志刊登了我拍摄的河流照片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should publish their findings openly so that policymakers can make decisions based on reliable evidence.",
    "zh": "研究人员应公开发表研究结果，让政策制定者能够依据可靠证据作出决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "publish a book｜出版书籍",
   "publish an article｜发表文章",
   "publish findings｜公布研究结果",
   "publish online｜在线发表"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "publisher (n.)",
   "publication (n.)",
   "published (adj.)",
   "unpublished (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "release"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "publish强调向公众发行或公布，不等于仅仅印刷。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "publish"
 },
 {
  "w": "humour",
  "uk": "/ˈhjuːmə/",
  "us": "/ˈhjuːmər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "幽默；幽默感",
    "en": "The quality of being funny or the ability to appreciate funniness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "心情；情绪",
    "en": "A person's mood or state of mind."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "迁就；顺着",
    "en": "To agree with someone's wishes to keep them happy."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her gentle humour made everyone at dinner feel relaxed.",
    "zh": "她温和的幽默让晚餐时的每个人都放松了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can use humour to reduce classroom anxiety and encourage students to participate more confidently.",
    "zh": "教师可以利用幽默缓解课堂焦虑，鼓励学生更自信地参与。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sense of humour｜幽默感",
   "good humour｜好心情",
   "dry humour｜冷面幽默",
   "humour someone｜迁就某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "humorous (adj.)",
   "humorously (adv.)",
   "humourless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写humour，美式humor；作动词表示迁就。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "humour"
 },
 {
  "w": "tag",
  "uk": "/tæɡ/",
  "us": "/tæɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "标签；标牌",
    "en": "a small attached piece giving information about something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "贴标签；添加标记",
    "en": "to attach a label or identifying marker to something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "捉人游戏",
    "en": "a chasing game where players touch others to catch them"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I checked the tag before washing my new jumper.",
    "zh": "洗新毛衣前，我查看了标签。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers tag marine animals to track their movements and identify habitats that require stronger environmental protection.",
    "zh": "研究人员给海洋动物加上追踪标记，以追踪其活动并确定需要加强环境保护的栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "price tag｜价格标签",
   "name tag｜姓名牌",
   "tag someone in a photo｜在照片中标记某人",
   "play tag｜玩捉人游戏"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "label"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词过去式tagged；tag along意为跟着去。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tag"
 },
 {
  "w": "dive",
  "uk": "/daɪv/",
  "us": "/daɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "跳水；潜水",
    "en": "to enter water headfirst or swim beneath its surface"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "俯冲；急剧下降",
    "en": "to move downwards suddenly and quickly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "跳水；潜水；骤降",
    "en": "an act of diving or a sudden sharp fall"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a swimmer dive smoothly into the pool.",
    "zh": "我们看着一名游泳者流畅地跃入泳池。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourists who dive near coral reefs should avoid touching marine organisms to prevent damage to fragile ecosystems.",
    "zh": "在珊瑚礁附近潜水的游客应避免触碰海洋生物，以免破坏脆弱的生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dive into the water｜跃入水中",
   "scuba dive｜水肺潜水",
   "take a dive｜骤降"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "diver (n.)",
   "diving (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "plunge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式英式常用dived，美式也用dove。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dive"
 },
 {
  "w": "charge",
  "uk": "/tʃɑːdʒ/",
  "us": "/tʃɑːrdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "收费；索价",
    "en": "Ask someone to pay a particular amount for something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "费用；收费",
    "en": "An amount of money requested for goods or services."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……充电",
    "en": "Put electrical energy into a battery or device."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They charge extra if you want breakfast in your room.",
    "zh": "如果你想在房间里吃早餐，他们会额外收费。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museums that charge admission fees should offer discounts to ensure that students can still access cultural resources.",
    "zh": "收取门票的博物馆应提供优惠，以确保学生仍能享用文化资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "charge a fee｜收取费用",
   "free of charge｜免费",
   "charge a battery｜给电池充电",
   "in charge of｜负责；掌管"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "charger (n.)",
   "recharge (v.)",
   "rechargeable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "向某人收取某项费用：charge someone for something。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "charge"
 },
 {
  "w": "cliff",
  "uk": "/klɪf/",
  "us": "/klɪf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "悬崖；峭壁",
    "en": "A high, very steep rock face, often beside the sea."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched seabirds nesting halfway up the cliff.",
    "zh": "我们看着海鸟在悬崖半腰筑巢。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal erosion can weaken a cliff over time, putting nearby homes and walking routes at risk.",
    "zh": "海岸侵蚀会逐渐削弱悬崖的稳定性，危及附近的住宅和步行路线。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cliff edge｜悬崖边缘",
   "a sheer cliff｜陡直的悬崖",
   "a cliff face｜峭壁表面",
   "coastal cliffs｜海岸悬崖"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cliff强调陡峭岩壁，不泛指山坡。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cliff"
 },
 {
  "w": "stuff",
  "uk": "/stʌf/",
  "us": "/stʌf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "东西；物品；材料",
    "en": "Things or materials referred to without naming them specifically."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "塞满；填塞",
    "en": "To fill something tightly or push something into a space."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please move your stuff off the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "请把你的东西从厨房餐桌上拿走。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers often buy stuff they rarely use, contributing to household waste and unnecessary resource consumption.",
    "zh": "消费者经常购买很少使用的东西，造成家庭浪费和不必要的资源消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "personal stuff｜私人物品",
   "stuff a bag with｜用……塞满袋子",
   "stuff into｜把……塞进"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stuffing (n.)",
   "stuffed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "things",
   "belongings"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词stuff不可数且偏口语；正式写作宜用具体名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stuff"
 },
 {
  "w": "litter",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乱扔的垃圾",
    "en": "Waste left scattered in public places."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "乱扔垃圾；使杂乱",
    "en": "To leave rubbish or other objects scattered across a place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一窝幼崽",
    "en": "A group of young animals born to one mother together."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We picked up litter along the beach before lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭前，我们沿着海滩捡垃圾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing litter in urban parks requires convenient bins as well as sustained public education campaigns.",
    "zh": "减少城市公园里乱扔的垃圾，需要设置便于使用的垃圾桶，并持续开展公众教育活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "drop litter｜乱扔垃圾",
   "pick up litter｜捡垃圾",
   "a litter of puppies｜一窝小狗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "littering (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rubbish",
   "trash"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "垃圾义不可数；一窝幼崽用a litter of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "litter"
 },
 {
  "w": "pollute",
  "uk": "/pəˈluːt/",
  "us": "/pəˈluːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "污染",
    "en": "to make air, water, or land dirty or harmful"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't pollute the stream by throwing rubbish into it.",
    "zh": "请不要往小溪里扔垃圾，污染溪水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Factories that pollute local rivers should face stricter penalties to protect ecosystems and public health.",
    "zh": "污染当地河流的工厂应受到更严厉的处罚，以保护生态系统和公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pollute the environment｜污染环境",
   "pollute the air｜污染空气",
   "heavily polluted｜受到严重污染的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pollution (n.)",
   "pollutant (n.)",
   "polluter (n.)",
   "polluted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "contaminate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "purify"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接被污染的对象，不加介词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pollute"
 },
 {
  "w": "pumpkin",
  "uk": "/ˈpʌmpkɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈpʌmpkɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "南瓜",
    "en": "A large, round fruit with thick skin, often orange."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We roasted a pumpkin and served it with rice.",
    "zh": "我们烤了一个南瓜，配米饭一起吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing crops such as pumpkin in community gardens can improve access to fresh food in urban neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "在社区菜园种植南瓜等作物，可以让城市社区居民更容易获得新鲜食物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pumpkin soup｜南瓜汤",
   "pumpkin seeds｜南瓜籽",
   "roasted pumpkin｜烤南瓜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "整个南瓜可数；表示作为食材的南瓜时常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pumpkin"
 },
 {
  "w": "cell",
  "uk": "/sel/",
  "us": "/sel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "细胞",
    "en": "the smallest living unit of an organism"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牢房；小隔间",
    "en": "a small room, especially one in a prison"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电池单元",
    "en": "a unit that produces electricity through chemical reactions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Under the microscope, each onion cell looked like a rectangle.",
    "zh": "在显微镜下，每个洋葱细胞看起来都像一个长方形。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists study how damaged cells repair themselves to develop more effective treatments for disease.",
    "zh": "科学家研究受损细胞如何自我修复，以开发更有效的疾病治疗方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blood cells｜血细胞",
   "stem cells｜干细胞",
   "a prison cell｜牢房",
   "a fuel cell｜燃料电池"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cellular (adj.)",
   "unicellular (adj.)",
   "multicellular (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "生物语境常指细胞；prison cell指牢房。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cell"
 },
 {
  "w": "gently",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒentli/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒentli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "轻柔地；温和地",
    "en": "In a soft, careful, or kind way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "平缓地；缓缓地",
    "en": "With a gradual slope or a small, smooth movement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She gently lifted the kitten out of the basket.",
    "zh": "她轻轻地把小猫从篮子里抱了出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Health professionals should speak gently to anxious patients to help them feel comfortable during medical examinations.",
    "zh": "医护人员应温和地与焦虑的患者交谈，帮助他们在检查时放松下来。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gently stir｜轻轻搅拌",
   "speak gently｜温和地说话",
   "slope gently｜呈缓坡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gentle (adj.)",
   "gentleness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "softly",
   "tenderly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "roughly",
   "harshly"
  ],
  "tip": "由gentle去掉末尾e再加y构成。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gently"
 },
 {
  "w": "leaflet",
  "uk": "/ˈliːflət/",
  "us": "/ˈliːflət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "传单；宣传单",
    "en": "A small printed sheet giving information or advertising something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A volunteer handed me a leaflet about the new library.",
    "zh": "一位志愿者递给我一张介绍新图书馆的传单。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Health centres can distribute a leaflet explaining how regular exercise helps prevent several common diseases.",
    "zh": "医疗中心可以发放宣传单，解释规律运动如何帮助预防几种常见疾病。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hand out leaflets｜分发传单",
   "information leaflet｜信息单",
   "promotional leaflet｜宣传单"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "flyer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "leaflet通常是单页或折页；brochure通常为小册子。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "leaflet"
 },
 {
  "w": "cultural",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌltʃərəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌltʃərəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "文化的；与文化有关的",
    "en": "relating to a group's customs, beliefs, and way of life"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "艺术的；文艺的",
    "en": "relating to activities such as music, literature, and theatre"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The festival celebrates the town's rich cultural traditions.",
    "zh": "这个节日颂扬小镇丰富的文化传统。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can promote cultural understanding by encouraging students to share their family traditions and experiences.",
    "zh": "学校可以鼓励学生分享家庭传统和经历，从而促进文化理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cultural heritage｜文化遗产",
   "cultural diversity｜文化多样性",
   "cultural differences｜文化差异",
   "cultural activities｜文艺活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "culture (n.)",
   "culturally (adv.)",
   "multicultural (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cultural指文化相关；cultured形容人有修养。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cultural"
 },
 {
  "w": "medium-sized",
  "uk": "/ˌmiːdiəm ˈsaɪzd/",
  "us": "/ˌmiːdiəm ˈsaɪzd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "中等大小的；中型的",
    "en": "neither large nor small in size"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A medium-sized suitcase should hold everything for the weekend.",
    "zh": "一个中等大小的行李箱应该能装下周末所需的所有东西。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Medium-sized cities can offer diverse employment opportunities while maintaining shorter commuting times than major urban centres.",
    "zh": "中等城市既能提供多样的就业机会，又能保持比大城市更短的通勤时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "medium-sized business｜中型企业",
   "medium-sized city｜中等城市",
   "medium-sized suitcase｜中号行李箱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "size (n.)",
   "medium (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mid-sized"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示大小适中，不表示质量或水平普通。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "medium-sized"
 },
 {
  "w": "southern",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌðən/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌðərn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "南部的；南方的",
    "en": "Located in, coming from, or relating to the south."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent a week exploring the island's southern coast.",
    "zh": "我们花了一周探索这座岛的南部海岸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Southern regions of the country may face longer droughts as rising temperatures increase pressure on water supplies.",
    "zh": "随着气温升高加大供水压力，该国南部地区可能面临更持久的干旱。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "southern coast｜南部海岸",
   "southern hemisphere｜南半球",
   "southern regions｜南部地区",
   "southern border｜南部边界"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "south (n.)",
   "southward (adv.)",
   "southerly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "northern"
  ],
  "tip": "south中/ou/读/aʊ/，southern中的元音读/ʌ/。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "southern"
 },
 {
  "w": "gain",
  "uk": "/ɡeɪn/",
  "us": "/ɡeɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "获得；增加",
    "en": "To obtain something useful or increase in amount."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "增长；收益",
    "en": "An increase in something or a benefit received."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You will gain confidence after a few lessons.",
    "zh": "上几节课后，你就会更有信心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students can gain valuable practical experience by volunteering for projects that benefit their local communities.",
    "zh": "学生可以通过志愿参与有益于当地社区的项目，获得宝贵的实践经验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gain experience｜积累经验",
   "gain access to｜获得使用或进入的机会",
   "gain weight｜体重增加",
   "financial gain｜经济收益"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gainful (adj.)",
   "gainfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "obtain",
   "acquire"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lose"
  ],
  "tip": "gain常接经验、信心等；赢比赛通常用win。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gain"
 },
 {
  "w": "blanket",
  "uk": "/ˈblæŋkɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈblæŋkɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "毯子；覆盖层",
    "en": "A thick bed covering, or a layer covering something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "全面的；一概而论的",
    "en": "Applying to everyone or everything without considering individual differences."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "覆盖；笼罩",
    "en": "To cover something completely with a layer."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wrapped a soft blanket around her cold shoulders.",
    "zh": "她用一条柔软的毯子裹住冰凉的肩膀。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A blanket ban on private vehicles may disadvantage residents who cannot easily access public transport.",
    "zh": "全面禁止私家车可能使难以使用公共交通的居民处于不利地位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a warm blanket｜温暖的毯子",
   "a blanket of snow｜厚厚的一层雪",
   "a blanket ban｜全面禁令"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "blanket作形容词指全面适用，如blanket ban。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blanket"
 },
 {
  "w": "technical",
  "uk": "/ˈteknɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈteknɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "技术的；工艺的",
    "en": "relating to practical skills, machinery, or scientific methods"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "专业的；专门的",
    "en": "using specialist knowledge or language in a particular subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We called an engineer to solve the technical problem.",
    "zh": "我们请了一位工程师来解决这个技术问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach technical skills alongside academic subjects to prepare students for a changing workplace.",
    "zh": "学校应在教授文化课程的同时传授技术技能，帮助学生适应不断变化的职场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "technical skills｜技术技能",
   "technical support｜技术支持",
   "technical problem｜技术问题",
   "technical terms｜专业术语"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "technically (adv.)",
   "technician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "technical强调技术或专业知识，不等于高科技。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "technical"
 },
 {
  "w": "communication",
  "uk": "/kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "交流；沟通；通信",
    "en": "the process of sharing information, ideas, or feelings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "函件；消息",
    "en": "a formal message sent to someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Clear communication helps us share the kitchen without arguments.",
    "zh": "清晰的沟通让我们共用厨房时不发生争执。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective communication between healthcare professionals and patients can improve treatment outcomes and reduce misunderstandings.",
    "zh": "医护人员与患者之间的有效沟通可以改善治疗效果，减少误解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "communication skills｜沟通技巧",
   "effective communication｜有效沟通",
   "nonverbal communication｜非言语交流",
   "a breakdown in communication｜沟通中断"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "communicate (v.)",
   "communicative (adj.)",
   "communicator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表交流通常不可数；表一封正式函件可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "communication"
 },
 {
  "w": "darkness",
  "uk": "/ˈdɑːknəs/",
  "us": "/ˈdɑːrknəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "黑暗；昏暗",
    "en": "the absence of light"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We searched for the torch in complete darkness.",
    "zh": "我们在一片漆黑中寻找手电筒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Artificial lighting reduces natural darkness in urban areas, potentially disrupting the sleep patterns of residents and wildlife.",
    "zh": "人工照明减少了城市地区的自然黑暗，可能扰乱居民和野生动物的睡眠规律。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complete darkness｜一片漆黑",
   "in the darkness｜在黑暗中",
   "under cover of darkness｜在夜色掩护下"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dark (adj.)",
   "darken (v.)",
   "darkly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gloom"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "light",
   "brightness"
  ],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；in darkness表示在黑暗中。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "darkness"
 },
 {
  "w": "deal",
  "uk": "/diːl/",
  "us": "/diːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "交易；协议",
    "en": "an agreement between people or organisations, especially in business"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "处理；应付",
    "en": "to take action about a problem, usually with with"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分发；发牌",
    "en": "to give cards or other things to several people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We got a good deal on our new sofa.",
    "zh": "我们以很划算的价格买到了新沙发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must deal with housing shortages by supporting affordable construction and improving public transport links.",
    "zh": "政府必须通过支持可负担住房建设和改善公共交通连接来应对住房短缺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a deal｜达成交易",
   "deal with a problem｜处理问题",
   "a great deal of｜大量的",
   "deal cards｜发牌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dealer (n.)",
   "dealing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "deal with表示处理；a great deal of后接不可数名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deal"
 },
 {
  "w": "odd",
  "uk": "/ɒd/",
  "us": "/ɑːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "奇怪的；不寻常的",
    "en": "Strange or different from what is expected."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "奇数的",
    "en": "Not divisible by two without a remainder."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "偶尔的；零星的",
    "en": "Occasional rather than regular or frequent."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is an odd smell coming from the fridge.",
    "zh": "冰箱里传出一股怪味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It may seem odd that some rapidly growing cities still lack reliable access to clean drinking water.",
    "zh": "一些快速发展的城市仍无法稳定获得清洁饮用水，这可能显得令人费解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an odd smell｜怪味",
   "an odd number｜奇数",
   "the odd occasion｜偶尔的时候",
   "odd jobs｜零工；杂活"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "oddly (adv.)",
   "oddness (n.)",
   "oddity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "strange",
   "unusual"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ordinary",
   "even"
  ],
  "tip": "the odd加单数名词常表示偶尔的某事。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "odd"
 },
 {
  "w": "ashtray",
  "uk": "/ˈæʃtreɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈæʃtreɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烟灰缸",
    "en": "A small container for cigarette ash and cigarette ends"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An empty glass ashtray stood on the outdoor table.",
    "zh": "室外的桌子上放着一个空玻璃烟灰缸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing ashtrays in designated smoking areas can reduce cigarette litter, although broader measures are needed to protect public health.",
    "zh": "在指定吸烟区设置烟灰缸可以减少烟头垃圾，但保护公众健康还需要更全面的措施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a glass ashtray｜玻璃烟灰缸",
   "empty an ashtray｜清空烟灰缸",
   "a cigarette ashtray｜香烟烟灰缸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ash (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，由ash（灰）和tray（托盘）组成。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ashtray"
 },
 {
  "w": "ingredient",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "配料；食材",
    "en": "one of the foods used to prepare a dish"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "要素；因素",
    "en": "one of the things needed to achieve a particular result"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fresh ginger is the main ingredient in this soup.",
    "zh": "鲜姜是这道汤的主要食材。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public trust is an essential ingredient in the successful implementation of environmental policies.",
    "zh": "公众信任是成功实施环境政策的必要因素。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "main ingredient｜主要配料",
   "fresh ingredients｜新鲜食材",
   "essential ingredient｜必要因素"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "component",
   "element"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是可数名词；既指烹饪配料，也可比喻必要因素。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ingredient"
 },
 {
  "w": "apology",
  "uk": "/əˈpɒlədʒi/",
  "us": "/əˈpɑːlədʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "道歉；歉意",
    "en": "words expressing regret for something wrong or hurtful"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I sent my neighbour an apology for the noise.",
    "zh": "我为制造噪声向邻居致歉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A sincere public apology can help organisations rebuild trust after mistakes, but practical changes are also necessary.",
    "zh": "犯错后，真诚的公开道歉有助于机构重建信任，但实际改进也不可或缺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "offer an apology｜表示歉意",
   "accept an apology｜接受道歉",
   "a sincere apology｜真诚的道歉",
   "owe someone an apology｜应该向某人道歉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "apologise (v.)",
   "apologetic (adj.)",
   "apologetically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "向某人道歉用apology to someone for something。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "apology"
 },
 {
  "w": "harbour",
  "uk": "/ˈhɑːbə/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːrbər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海港；港湾",
    "en": "A sheltered area of water where boats can stay safely."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "心怀；藏有",
    "en": "To keep a thought or feeling, often secretly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "藏匿；庇护",
    "en": "To hide or shelter someone, especially someone wanted by authorities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Small fishing boats returned to the harbour before sunset.",
    "zh": "小渔船在日落前回到了港湾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding the harbour could increase trade, but construction may damage nearby coastal habitats.",
    "zh": "扩建港口可能促进贸易，但施工可能破坏附近的沿海栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a natural harbour｜天然港湾",
   "harbour doubts｜心存疑虑",
   "harbour a grudge｜怀恨在心"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写harbour，美式拼写harbor。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "harbour"
 },
 {
  "w": "written",
  "uk": "/ˈrɪtn/",
  "us": "/ˈrɪtn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "书面的；成文的",
    "en": "Expressed in writing rather than speech."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "写（write的过去分词）",
    "en": "Past participle of write."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please send written instructions so I can follow them.",
    "zh": "请把书面说明发来，方便我照着做。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Written feedback allows students to review their mistakes and improve their performance over time.",
    "zh": "书面反馈让学生能够回顾错误，并逐步提高表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "written permission｜书面许可",
   "written agreement｜书面协议",
   "written exam｜笔试",
   "written feedback｜书面反馈"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "write (v.)",
   "writer (n.)",
   "writing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "spoken"
  ],
  "tip": "write的变化为write–wrote–written。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "written"
 },
 {
  "w": "blank",
  "uk": "/blæŋk/",
  "us": "/blæŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "空白的",
    "en": "having no writing, pictures, or other content"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "茫然的；无表情的",
    "en": "showing no understanding, feeling, or recognition"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "空白处",
    "en": "an empty space where information should be added"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She handed me a blank sheet and some pencils.",
    "zh": "她递给我一张白纸和几支铅笔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A blank page can encourage creative thinking by allowing learners to organise ideas without a fixed template.",
    "zh": "空白页面让学习者无需固定模板就能组织想法，从而有助于激发创造性思维。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a blank page｜空白页",
   "a blank expression｜茫然的表情",
   "fill in the blanks｜填空",
   "go blank｜脑中一片空白"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blankly (adv.)",
   "blankness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "empty",
   "expressionless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "filled"
  ],
  "tip": "go blank可指脑中突然一片空白、想不起来。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blank"
 },
 {
  "w": "leisure",
  "uk": "/ˈleʒə/",
  "us": "/ˈliːʒər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "闲暇；空闲时间",
    "en": "Time when you are free from work or other duties."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She spends most of her leisure time in the garden.",
    "zh": "她把大部分闲暇时间都花在花园里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public parks provide affordable spaces for leisure, helping urban residents relax and maintain social connections.",
    "zh": "公共公园提供了经济实惠的休闲空间，帮助城市居民放松并维持社交联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "leisure time｜闲暇时间",
   "leisure activities｜休闲活动",
   "leisure centre｜休闲健身中心",
   "at your leisure｜在你方便时；从容地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "leisurely (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "free time"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "leisure通常不可数；leisure time指闲暇时间。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "leisure"
 },
 {
  "w": "prepared",
  "uk": "/prɪˈpeəd/",
  "us": "/prɪˈperd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "准备好的；有准备的",
    "en": "Ready to deal with something because of previous planning."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "愿意的",
    "en": "Willing to do something, especially something difficult or unpleasant."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "With spare batteries packed, we were prepared for a blackout.",
    "zh": "备用电池已经备好，我们做好了应对停电的准备。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Graduates who gain practical experience are often better prepared for the demands of a competitive labour market.",
    "zh": "有实践经验的毕业生往往更能应对竞争激烈的劳动力市场的要求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prepared for emergencies｜做好应急准备的",
   "fully prepared｜准备充分的",
   "prepared to compromise｜愿意妥协的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prepare (v.)",
   "preparation (n.)",
   "preparedness (n.)",
   "unprepared (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ready",
   "willing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unprepared",
   "unwilling"
  ],
  "tip": "prepared for接名词；prepared to do可表愿意。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prepared"
 },
 {
  "w": "entry",
  "uk": "/ˈentri/",
  "us": "/ˈentri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "进入；进入权",
    "en": "The act of entering, or permission to enter a place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "条目；记录",
    "en": "An individual item in a list, diary, or reference work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "参赛作品；参赛者",
    "en": "A work or person submitted for a competition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Entry to the swimming pool is free today.",
    "zh": "今天进入游泳池免费。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strict entry requirements may prevent capable students from disadvantaged backgrounds from accessing higher education opportunities.",
    "zh": "严格的入学要求可能使来自弱势背景的优秀学生无法获得高等教育机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "entry requirements｜入学要求；准入条件",
   "free entry｜免费入场",
   "diary entry｜一则日记",
   "competition entry｜参赛作品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enter (v.)",
   "entrance (n.)",
   "entrant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "进入某处常用entry to；具体入口通常用entrance。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "entry"
 },
 {
  "w": "review",
  "uk": "/rɪˈvjuː/",
  "us": "/rɪˈvjuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "评论；评价",
    "en": "An account giving an opinion of a book, product, or performance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "审查；回顾",
    "en": "A careful examination to assess something or consider changes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "审查；复习；评论",
    "en": "To examine, study again, or give an opinion about something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her review convinced me to read the whole novel.",
    "zh": "她的书评让我决定读完整部小说。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should regularly review housing policies to ensure that affordable accommodation remains available to low-income families.",
    "zh": "政府应定期审查住房政策，确保低收入家庭仍能获得负担得起的住所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write a review｜写评论",
   "a thorough review｜全面审查",
   "review a policy｜审查政策",
   "review your notes｜复习笔记"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reviewer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assessment",
   "evaluation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复习在美式英语中常用review，英式常用revise。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "review"
 },
 {
  "w": "highway",
  "uk": "/ˈhaɪweɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈhaɪweɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公路；干道",
    "en": "a main public road connecting towns or cities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We followed the highway along the coast until sunset.",
    "zh": "我们沿着海岸公路一直开到日落。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building a new highway may reduce travel times but also damage nearby wildlife habitats.",
    "zh": "修建一条新公路可能缩短出行时间，但也会破坏附近的野生动物栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "major highway｜主要公路",
   "highway construction｜公路建设",
   "highway maintenance｜公路养护"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "main road"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常见于美式英语；不一定是封闭式高速公路。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "highway"
 },
 {
  "w": "survey",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːveɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːveɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "调查；民意调查",
    "en": "A study that collects information by asking people questions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "调查",
    "en": "Collect information by asking people questions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "勘测；测量",
    "en": "Examine and measure land or buildings in detail."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I completed a short survey about our local library.",
    "zh": "我填写了一份关于本地图书馆的简短问卷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A recent survey suggests that many commuters would cycle more often if safer routes were available.",
    "zh": "最近一项调查表明，如果有更安全的路线，许多通勤者会更经常骑自行车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conduct a survey｜开展调查",
   "survey results｜调查结果",
   "survey respondents｜调查受访者",
   "survey the land｜勘测土地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "surveyor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "poll"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在首音节，动词重音在末音节。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "survey"
 },
 {
  "w": "require",
  "uk": "/rɪˈkwaɪə/",
  "us": "/rɪˈkwaɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "需要",
    "en": "To need something for a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "要求；规定",
    "en": "To make something necessary through a rule or instruction"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These plants require plenty of sunlight and regular watering.",
    "zh": "这些植物需要充足的阳光和定期浇水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should require manufacturers to provide clear instructions for repairing products rather than replacing them.",
    "zh": "政府应要求制造商提供清晰的产品维修说明，以鼓励维修而非更换。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "require assistance｜需要帮助",
   "require attention｜需要关注",
   "be required to do something｜被要求做某事",
   "require further investigation｜需要进一步调查"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "requirement (n.)",
   "required (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "need",
   "demand"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "require sb to do sth表示要求某人做某事。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "require"
 },
 {
  "w": "attitude",
  "uk": "/ˈætɪtjuːd/",
  "us": "/ˈætɪtuːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "态度；看法",
    "en": "how you think or feel about someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His cheerful attitude makes even rainy mornings feel brighter.",
    "zh": "他乐观的态度让下雨的早晨也显得明朗起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage a positive attitude towards learning by giving students constructive feedback rather than constant criticism.",
    "zh": "学校可以给予学生建设性的反馈，而非不断批评，以培养积极的学习态度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "positive attitude｜积极的态度",
   "attitude towards｜对……的态度",
   "change of attitude｜态度的转变",
   "public attitudes｜公众态度"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "outlook",
   "stance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "对某事的态度常用attitude to或towards。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attitude"
 },
 {
  "w": "tend",
  "uk": "/tend/",
  "us": "/tend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "往往会；倾向于",
    "en": "To usually behave in a particular way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "照料；护理",
    "en": "To look after someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I tend to feel sleepy after a big lunch.",
    "zh": "我午饭吃得多之后往往会犯困。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People tend to use public transport more frequently when services are reliable, affordable, and easy to access.",
    "zh": "当公共交通可靠、价格合理且乘坐方便时，人们往往会更频繁地使用它。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tend to do something｜往往会做某事",
   "tend towards｜趋向于",
   "tend a garden｜照料花园",
   "tend to the injured｜照料伤者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tendency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tend to do表示往往会；tend to someone表示照料。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tend"
 },
 {
  "w": "seafood",
  "uk": "/ˈsiːfuːd/",
  "us": "/ˈsiːfuːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海鲜；海产品",
    "en": "Sea animals, especially shellfish, eaten as food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought fresh seafood at the harbour this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上我们在港口买了新鲜海鲜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Demand for sustainable seafood has encouraged some fishing communities to adopt methods that cause less damage to marine ecosystems.",
    "zh": "对可持续海产品的需求促使一些渔业社区采用对海洋生态系统破坏较小的捕捞方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fresh seafood｜新鲜海鲜",
   "a seafood restaurant｜海鲜餐厅",
   "sustainable seafood｜可持续海产品"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常是不可数名词；一盘海鲜可说a plate of seafood。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seafood"
 },
 {
  "w": "brand",
  "uk": "/brænd/",
  "us": "/brænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "品牌；牌子",
    "en": "A product name identifying the company that makes it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给…贴负面标签",
    "en": "To describe someone publicly as having a particular bad quality"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Which brand of toothpaste do you usually buy?",
    "zh": "你通常买哪个牌子的牙膏？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers may choose a familiar brand even when cheaper alternatives offer similar quality.",
    "zh": "即使更便宜的替代品质量相近，消费者也可能选择熟悉的品牌。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "brand loyalty｜品牌忠诚度",
   "brand image｜品牌形象",
   "a leading brand｜领先品牌",
   "brand someone as｜给某人贴上…标签"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "branded (adj.)",
   "branding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "brand指品牌；trademark强调受法律保护的商标。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brand"
 },
 {
  "w": "tire",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使疲倦；感到疲倦",
    "en": "To become tired or make someone feel tired"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "厌倦；失去兴趣",
    "en": "To lose interest in someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轮胎（美式拼写）",
    "en": "A rubber covering fitted around a vehicle's wheel"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Long walks tire my grandfather, so we stop often.",
    "zh": "长时间走路会让爷爷疲倦，所以我们经常停下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may tire of repetitive exercises unless teachers introduce varied activities that encourage active participation.",
    "zh": "学生可能会厌倦重复的练习，除非教师引入多样化活动，鼓励他们积极参与。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tire easily｜容易疲倦",
   "tire of something｜厌倦某事",
   "a flat tire｜瘪了的轮胎"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tired (adj.)",
   "tiring (adj.)",
   "tiredness (n.)",
   "tireless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词英美均用tire；轮胎的英式拼写为tyre。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tire"
 },
 {
  "w": "celery",
  "uk": "/ˈseləri/",
  "us": "/ˈseləri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "芹菜",
    "en": "A vegetable with long, crisp stalks, eaten raw or cooked."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I chopped some celery and added it to the soup.",
    "zh": "我切了些芹菜，放进汤里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing vegetables such as celery locally can reduce transport costs and provide communities with fresh produce.",
    "zh": "在本地种植芹菜等蔬菜可以降低运输成本，并为社区提供新鲜农产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a stalk of celery｜一根芹菜茎",
   "chopped celery｜切碎的芹菜",
   "celery soup｜芹菜汤"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；一根芹菜茎用a stalk of celery。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "celery"
 },
 {
  "w": "location",
  "uk": "/ləʊˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/loʊˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "位置；地点",
    "en": "The place where something is or where something happens."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "外景拍摄地",
    "en": "A place outside a studio where filming takes place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This cafe has a lovely location beside the river.",
    "zh": "这家咖啡馆坐落在河边，位置很不错。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The location of affordable housing strongly influences residents' access to schools, healthcare, and employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "保障性住房的位置会显著影响居民获得教育、医疗服务和就业机会的便利程度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "central location｜中心位置",
   "ideal location｜理想地点",
   "on location｜在外景地",
   "exact location｜确切位置"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "locate (v.)",
   "located (adj.)",
   "relocate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "place",
   "position",
   "site"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on location指在摄影棚外实地拍摄。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "location"
 },
 {
  "w": "questionnaire",
  "uk": "/ˌkwestʃəˈneə/",
  "us": "/ˌkwestʃəˈner/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "问卷；调查表",
    "en": "A set of written questions used to collect information from people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please complete this short questionnaire before leaving the clinic.",
    "zh": "离开诊所前，请填写这份简短的问卷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers distributed a questionnaire to investigate how commuting time affects workers' wellbeing and satisfaction with their jobs.",
    "zh": "研究人员发放了问卷，调查通勤时间如何影响员工的幸福感和工作满意度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complete a questionnaire｜填写问卷",
   "design a questionnaire｜设计问卷",
   "distribute a questionnaire｜发放问卷",
   "questionnaire responses｜问卷回答"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "question (n.)",
   "question (v.)",
   "questioner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "双n，重音在末尾；survey指调查，问卷只是其工具。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "questionnaire"
 },
 {
  "w": "tongue",
  "uk": "/tʌŋ/",
  "us": "/tʌŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "舌头",
    "en": "the soft organ in your mouth used for tasting and speaking"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "语言",
    "en": "a language used by a particular community"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I burned my tongue on the hot soup.",
    "zh": "我喝热汤时烫到了舌头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children who receive early education in their mother tongue may develop stronger foundations for learning other languages.",
    "zh": "用母语接受早期教育的儿童，可能为学习其他语言打下更牢固的基础。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mother tongue｜母语",
   "stick out your tongue｜伸出舌头",
   "bite your tongue｜忍住不说",
   "on the tip of your tongue｜话到嘴边却想不起来"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "language"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tongue指语言多见于mother tongue等搭配。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tongue"
 },
 {
  "w": "label",
  "uk": "/ˈleɪbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈleɪbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "标签；标牌",
    "en": "a small attached piece giving information about something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "贴标签于；标注",
    "en": "to attach information to something for identification"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给…定性；将…归类",
    "en": "to describe someone or something in a particular way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Check the label before you wash your new sweater.",
    "zh": "洗新毛衣之前，先看看标签。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should avoid labelling children as failures, since this can damage their confidence and motivation.",
    "zh": "学校应避免给孩子贴上失败者的标签，因为这会损害他们的信心和学习动力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "read the label｜阅读标签",
   "food label｜食品标签",
   "label someone as｜将某人定性为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "labelling (n.)",
   "labelled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tag"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式过去式labelled，美式常用labeled。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "label"
 },
 {
  "w": "trolley",
  "uk": "/ˈtrɒli/",
  "us": "/ˈtrɑːli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手推车",
    "en": "A wheeled cart used for carrying shopping or other items."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "有轨电车（美）",
    "en": "An electric passenger vehicle that runs on rails in streets."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She pushed a trolley full of groceries towards the checkout.",
    "zh": "她推着装满食品杂货的购物车走向收银台。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Airports should provide free luggage trolleys to make travelling easier for families and older passengers.",
    "zh": "机场应提供免费行李车，方便家庭和老年乘客出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shopping trolley｜购物车",
   "luggage trolley｜行李推车",
   "push a trolley｜推手推车"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cart"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式购物车用trolley，美式通常用shopping cart。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trolley"
 },
 {
  "w": "rush",
  "uk": "/rʌʃ/",
  "us": "/rʌʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赶紧；匆忙做",
    "en": "to move or do something very quickly, often without care"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "匆忙；繁忙时段",
    "en": "a state of hurry or a period of intense activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一阵强烈感受",
    "en": "a sudden strong feeling or flow of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I rushed downstairs when I heard the doorbell.",
    "zh": "听到门铃声，我赶紧跑下了楼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should not rush major transport projects without first assessing their environmental and financial impacts.",
    "zh": "政府不应在评估环境和财务影响之前仓促推进重大交通项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rush hour｜交通高峰期",
   "in a rush｜匆忙地",
   "rush into a decision｜仓促作决定",
   "a rush of excitement｜一阵兴奋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rushed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hurry",
   "hasten"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dawdle"
  ],
  "tip": "rush to do表示赶紧做；rush into表示仓促行动。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rush"
 },
 {
  "w": "accommodation",
  "uk": "/əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/əˌkɑːməˈdeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "住处；住宿",
    "en": "a place where someone can live or stay"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "和解；迁就性安排",
    "en": "an arrangement that meets different needs or settles a disagreement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found cheap accommodation near the beach last summer.",
    "zh": "去年夏天，我们在海滩附近找到了便宜的住处。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should provide affordable accommodation so that students from disadvantaged backgrounds can study without excessive financial pressure.",
    "zh": "大学应提供价格可负担的住宿，让家境困难的学生能够在不过度承受经济压力的情况下学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "student accommodation｜学生住宿",
   "affordable accommodation｜可负担的住宿",
   "temporary accommodation｜临时住处",
   "reach an accommodation｜达成和解"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accommodate (v.)",
   "accommodating (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lodging",
   "housing"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语中表住宿通常不可数；注意双c、双m。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accommodation"
 },
 {
  "w": "treasure",
  "uk": "/ˈtreʒə/",
  "us": "/ˈtreʒər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "财宝；珍宝",
    "en": "Gold, jewels, or other highly valuable objects"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "珍品；珍贵之物",
    "en": "Something greatly valued for its beauty, importance, or personal meaning"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "珍爱；珍视",
    "en": "To value something deeply and care for it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children imagined finding treasure inside the old chest.",
    "zh": "孩子们想象着在旧箱子里发现财宝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museums preserve cultural treasures so that future generations can understand the achievements and traditions of earlier societies.",
    "zh": "博物馆保存文化珍宝，让后代能够了解早期社会的成就和传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "buried treasure｜埋藏的财宝",
   "national treasure｜国宝",
   "treasure memories｜珍视回忆",
   "treasure hunt｜寻宝活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "treasured (adj.)",
   "treasurer (n.)",
   "treasury (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指财宝时不可数；指具体珍品时可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "treasure"
 },
 {
  "w": "regret",
  "uk": "/rɪˈɡret/",
  "us": "/rɪˈɡret/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "后悔；对……感到遗憾",
    "en": "to feel sorry about something that happened or was done"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "后悔；遗憾",
    "en": "sadness about a past action, decision, or situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I regret leaving my umbrella at home this morning.",
    "zh": "我后悔今天早上把伞留在了家里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Graduates may regret choosing a career solely for its salary if the work provides little personal satisfaction.",
    "zh": "如果工作难以带来个人满足感，毕业生可能会后悔仅凭薪水选择职业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "regret doing something｜后悔做过某事",
   "deep regret｜深深的遗憾",
   "express regret｜表示遗憾",
   "regret to inform｜遗憾地告知"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "regretful (adj.)",
   "regrettable (adj.)",
   "regretfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "remorse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "regret doing指后悔做过；regret to say指遗憾告知。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "regret"
 },
 {
  "w": "knit",
  "uk": "/nɪt/",
  "us": "/nɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "编织；针织",
    "en": "to make clothing or fabric by looping yarn with needles"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使紧密结合；愈合",
    "en": "to join closely together or heal into one piece"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather knitted a warm scarf for me.",
    "zh": "我爷爷给我织了一条暖和的围巾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community groups that knit blankets for local shelters combine practical support with opportunities for social interaction.",
    "zh": "为当地收容所编织毯子的社区团体，将实际援助与社交机会结合起来。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "knit a sweater｜织毛衣",
   "knit together｜紧密结合；愈合",
   "knit your brows｜皱眉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "knitting (n.)",
   "knitted (adj.)",
   "knitter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "k不发音；过去式和过去分词可用knitted或knit。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "knit"
 },
 {
  "w": "clown",
  "uk": "/klaʊn/",
  "us": "/klaʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小丑",
    "en": "a performer who wears funny clothes and makes people laugh"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爱耍宝的人",
    "en": "someone who behaves foolishly to make others laugh"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "耍宝；逗乐",
    "en": "to behave playfully or foolishly to amuse others"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The clown made a tiny dog from a balloon.",
    "zh": "小丑用一个气球做出了一只小狗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A trained clown can help young patients feel more comfortable during their stay in hospital.",
    "zh": "受过训练的小丑演员能帮助住院儿童放松心情。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "circus clown｜马戏团小丑",
   "class clown｜班里的活宝",
   "clown around｜耍宝逗乐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clowning (n.)",
   "clownish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "clown around意为耍宝；称人clown也可能带贬义。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clown"
 },
 {
  "w": "blueberry",
  "uk": "/ˈbluːbəri/",
  "us": "/ˈbluːberi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蓝莓",
    "en": "A small, round, dark blue fruit."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A ripe blueberry rolled off my spoon onto the table.",
    "zh": "一颗熟蓝莓从我的勺子上滚到了桌上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing blueberries locally can diversify farm income, but suitable soil conditions are essential for successful cultivation.",
    "zh": "在当地种植蓝莓可以使农场收入多样化，但适宜的土壤条件是成功栽培的关键。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fresh blueberries｜新鲜蓝莓",
   "blueberry muffin｜蓝莓松饼",
   "blueberry jam｜蓝莓果酱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，复数把y变为ies：blueberries。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blueberry"
 },
 {
  "w": "kindness",
  "uk": "/ˈkaɪndnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈkaɪndnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "善良；体贴",
    "en": "the quality of caring about others and helping them"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "善举；好意",
    "en": "an act that helps someone or shows care"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her kindness made our new neighbour feel welcome.",
    "zh": "她的体贴让新邻居感受到了欢迎。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage kindness by giving students opportunities to support classmates who face personal difficulties.",
    "zh": "学校可以让学生有机会帮助遇到个人困难的同学，从而培养他们的善意。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "show kindness｜表现出善意",
   "an act of kindness｜善举",
   "kindness towards others｜对他人的善意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "kind (adj.)",
   "kindly (adv.)",
   "unkind (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "benevolence",
   "compassion"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cruelty",
   "unkindness"
  ],
  "tip": "指善良品质时不可数；指具体善举时可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kindness"
 },
 {
  "w": "waterfall",
  "uk": "/ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːtərfɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瀑布",
    "en": "Water falling from a height over a steep rock face"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We could hear the waterfall long before we saw it.",
    "zh": "还没看见瀑布，我们就远远听到了水声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourism near a waterfall can support local businesses, but visitor facilities should protect the surrounding natural habitat.",
    "zh": "瀑布附近的旅游业可以带动当地商业，但游客设施应保护周围的自然栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a spectacular waterfall｜壮观的瀑布",
   "the base of a waterfall｜瀑布底部",
   "a cascading waterfall｜飞流而下的瀑布"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cascade"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词：一处瀑布用a waterfall。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "waterfall"
 },
 {
  "w": "spicy",
  "uk": "/ˈspaɪsi/",
  "us": "/ˈspaɪsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "辛辣的；加香料的",
    "en": "containing spices, often with a strong, hot flavour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The noodles were too spicy, so I ordered rice.",
    "zh": "面条太辣了，所以我点了米饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional spicy dishes can attract visitors who want to experience the distinctive flavours of a region.",
    "zh": "传统的辛辣菜肴能吸引想要体验当地独特风味的游客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spicy food｜辛辣食物",
   "spicy sauce｜辣味酱汁",
   "mildly spicy｜微辣的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spice (n.)",
   "spice (v.)",
   "spiciness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hot"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "bland"
  ],
  "tip": "spicy指香料味浓或辣；hot也可指温度高。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spicy"
 },
 {
  "w": "visa",
  "uk": "/ˈviːzə/",
  "us": "/ˈviːzə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "签证",
    "en": "Official permission to enter or stay in a foreign country."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My student visa arrived just before the flight.",
    "zh": "我的学生签证在起飞前不久才办下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Simpler visa procedures can encourage international students to study abroad and contribute to local economies.",
    "zh": "简化签证手续可以鼓励国际学生出国留学，并为当地经济作出贡献。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apply for a visa｜申请签证",
   "student visa｜学生签证",
   "visa application｜签证申请",
   "visa requirements｜签证要求"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "visa是签证，passport是护照；通常需凭护照申请签证。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "visa"
 },
 {
  "w": "rugby",
  "uk": "/ˈrʌɡbi/",
  "us": "/ˈrʌɡbi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英式橄榄球",
    "en": "A team sport involving carrying, passing, and kicking an oval ball"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother plays rugby every Saturday with his friends.",
    "zh": "我哥哥每周六都和朋友们打英式橄榄球。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools offering rugby should provide suitable coaching and safety equipment to reduce the risk of injuries.",
    "zh": "开设英式橄榄球课程的学校应提供适当的指导和安全装备，以降低受伤风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play rugby｜打英式橄榄球",
   "rugby match｜英式橄榄球比赛",
   "rugby union｜联合式橄榄球",
   "rugby league｜联盟式橄榄球"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指英式橄榄球，不等于美式橄榄球。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rugby"
 },
 {
  "w": "plug",
  "uk": "/plʌɡ/",
  "us": "/plʌɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电源插头",
    "en": "A device connecting electrical equipment to a power socket."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "塞子",
    "en": "An object fitted into a hole to stop liquid escaping."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "堵住；塞住",
    "en": "To fill or block a hole or gap."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Pull the plug out before you clean the toaster.",
    "zh": "清洁烤面包机前，先拔掉插头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Households can reduce some unnecessary electricity consumption by removing plugs from sockets when appliances are not in use.",
    "zh": "家电不用时拔掉插头，家庭就能减少一些不必要的耗电。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pull out the plug｜拔出插头",
   "plug something in｜给某物接通电源",
   "bath plug｜浴缸塞",
   "plug a gap｜填补缺口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "unplug (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "插头是plug，插座是socket；plug in表示插电。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plug"
 },
 {
  "w": "float",
  "uk": "/fləʊt/",
  "us": "/floʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "漂浮；浮动",
    "en": "To stay on a liquid's surface or move gently through air."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提出供考虑",
    "en": "To suggest an idea for others to consider."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "游行彩车",
    "en": "A decorated vehicle used in a parade."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A yellow leaf floated gently across the garden pond.",
    "zh": "一片黄叶轻轻漂过花园里的池塘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers have floated the idea of using artificial islands to provide additional housing in crowded coastal cities.",
    "zh": "研究人员提出了利用人工岛为拥挤的沿海城市提供更多住房的想法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "float on water｜浮在水面上",
   "float an idea｜提出一个想法",
   "float downstream｜顺流漂下",
   "parade float｜游行彩车"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "floating (adj.)",
   "floatation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "drift"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sink"
  ],
  "tip": "float an idea是提出想法供讨论，并非实施。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "float"
 },
 {
  "w": "bug",
  "uk": "/bʌɡ/",
  "us": "/bʌɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小虫；昆虫",
    "en": "a small insect or similar creature"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "程序错误；故障",
    "en": "an error in a computer program that causes problems"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "烦扰；使恼火",
    "en": "to annoy someone, especially repeatedly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiny green bug landed on my sleeve.",
    "zh": "一只绿色小虫落在了我的袖子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A software bug can disrupt essential services, highlighting the importance of thorough testing before release.",
    "zh": "软件错误可能导致基本服务中断，这凸显了发布前进行全面测试的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a software bug｜软件错误",
   "fix a bug｜修复程序错误",
   "a tiny bug｜一只小虫"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "buggy (adj.)",
   "debug (v.)",
   "debugging (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "口语中bug可泛指小虫；技术语境常指程序错误。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bug"
 },
 {
  "w": "sex",
  "uk": "/seks/",
  "us": "/seks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生理性别",
    "en": "Biological classification based on reproductive and other physical characteristics."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "性行为",
    "en": "Physical activity involving sexual intimacy."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "辨别性别",
    "en": "To identify the biological sex of an animal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The vet checked the sex of our new kitten.",
    "zh": "兽医检查了我们新养的小猫的性别。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers examined whether biological sex influenced participants' responses to the treatment in the clinical study.",
    "zh": "研究人员在临床研究中考察了生理性别是否影响参与者对治疗的反应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "biological sex｜生理性别",
   "sex differences｜性别差异",
   "sex education｜性教育",
   "determine the sex｜确定性别"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sexual (adj.)",
   "sexually (adv.)",
   "sexuality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sex偏重生理性别；gender常侧重社会性别。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sex"
 },
 {
  "w": "virus",
  "uk": "/ˈvaɪrəs/",
  "us": "/ˈvaɪrəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "病毒",
    "en": "A tiny infectious agent that reproduces inside living cells"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计算机病毒",
    "en": "Harmful computer code that spreads by infecting files or programs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor said a virus was causing my cough.",
    "zh": "医生说我的咳嗽是由病毒引起的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns can limit the spread of a virus by encouraging vaccination and regular handwashing.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传可以通过鼓励接种疫苗和经常洗手来限制病毒传播。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spread a virus｜传播病毒",
   "computer virus｜计算机病毒",
   "virus infection｜病毒感染"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "viral (adj.)",
   "antiviral (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "virus是病毒，bacterium是细菌；两者不能混用。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "virus"
 },
 {
  "w": "plain",
  "uk": "/pleɪn/",
  "us": "/pleɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "朴素的；无装饰的",
    "en": "simple, without decoration or a pattern"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "清楚的；明显的",
    "en": "easy to see or understand"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "平原",
    "en": "a large area of flat land"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She chose a plain white shirt for the interview.",
    "zh": "她选了一件朴素的白衬衫去参加面试。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health advice should use plain language so that everyone can understand essential information.",
    "zh": "公共卫生建议应使用浅显的语言，让每个人都能理解关键信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plain clothes｜便服",
   "plain language｜浅显的语言",
   "a coastal plain｜沿海平原"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plainly (adv.)",
   "plainness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "simple",
   "obvious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "decorated",
   "unclear"
  ],
  "tip": "plain可指无花纹；平原用名词plain。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plain"
 },
 {
  "w": "effect",
  "uk": "/ɪˈfekt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈfekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "影响；效果",
    "en": "A change or result caused by something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "实现；使发生",
    "en": "To bring about a change or result."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new curtains had a calming effect on the room.",
    "zh": "新窗帘让房间的氛围变得宁静了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Higher parking charges may have little effect on traffic unless reliable public transport is also available.",
    "zh": "如果没有可靠的公共交通，提高停车费对交通状况的影响可能很小。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have an effect on｜对……有影响",
   "side effect｜副作用",
   "take effect｜生效；起作用",
   "effect change｜促成变革"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "effective (adj.)",
   "effectively (adv.)",
   "effectiveness (n.)",
   "ineffective (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "impact",
   "result"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "effect常作名词；affect常作动词，意为影响。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "effect"
 },
 {
  "w": "despite",
  "uk": "/dɪˈspaɪt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈspaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "尽管；虽然",
    "en": "Without being prevented or affected by something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We enjoyed our walk despite the cold wind.",
    "zh": "尽管寒风吹拂，我们还是散步散得很开心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Despite significant investment in public transport, many commuters still prefer driving because services remain unreliable.",
    "zh": "尽管公共交通获得了大量投资，许多通勤者仍更愿意开车，因为公交服务依然不可靠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "despite the fact that｜尽管事实是",
   "despite difficulties｜尽管有困难",
   "despite efforts｜尽管付出了努力"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "in spite of",
   "notwithstanding"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "后接名词或动名词，不加of；接从句用the fact that。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "despite"
 },
 {
  "w": "spaceship",
  "uk": "/ˈspeɪsʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈspeɪsʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宇宙飞船",
    "en": "A vehicle designed to travel through space."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children built a spaceship from cardboard boxes.",
    "zh": "孩子们用纸板箱做了一艘宇宙飞船。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Designing a spaceship for long journeys requires careful planning to protect astronauts from radiation and isolation.",
    "zh": "设计用于长途航行的宇宙飞船需要周密规划，以保护宇航员免受辐射和孤独的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "board a spaceship｜登上宇宙飞船",
   "launch a spaceship｜发射宇宙飞船",
   "aboard a spaceship｜在宇宙飞船上"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "space (n.)",
   "spaceflight (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "spacecraft"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "spaceship可数；spacecraft的单复数形式相同。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spaceship"
 },
 {
  "w": "interrupt",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntəˈrʌpt/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntəˈrʌpt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打断；插话；打扰",
    "en": "to stop someone speaking or working by doing something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使中断；使暂停",
    "en": "to stop an activity or process for a time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't interrupt me while I explain the rules.",
    "zh": "我讲解规则时，请不要打断我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Frequent phone notifications can interrupt students' concentration and reduce the amount they learn during independent study.",
    "zh": "频繁的手机通知会打断学生的注意力，减少他们在自主学习中的收获。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "interrupt a conversation｜打断谈话",
   "interrupt someone｜打断某人",
   "interrupt the flow｜打断连贯过程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "interruption (n.)",
   "uninterrupted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "interrupt指中途打断；disrupt侧重扰乱正常进程。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "interrupt"
 },
 {
  "w": "poem",
  "uk": "/ˈpəʊɪm/",
  "us": "/ˈpoʊəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诗；诗歌作品",
    "en": "A literary work using carefully arranged language, often in lines."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leila read a short poem aloud after dinner.",
    "zh": "莱拉晚饭后朗读了一首短诗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reading a poem from another culture can help students explore unfamiliar perspectives and develop sensitivity to language.",
    "zh": "阅读来自另一种文化的诗歌，可以帮助学生探索陌生的视角，培养语言敏感度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write a poem｜写诗",
   "recite a poem｜背诵诗歌",
   "a collection of poems｜诗集"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "poet (n.)",
   "poetry (n.)",
   "poetic (adj.)",
   "poetically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "poem可数，指一首诗；poetry不可数，统称诗歌。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "poem"
 },
 {
  "w": "solid",
  "uk": "/ˈsɒlɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈsɑːlɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "固态的；坚实的",
    "en": "having a firm shape rather than being liquid or gas"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可靠的；扎实的",
    "en": "strong, dependable, or based on good evidence"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "固体",
    "en": "a substance that keeps its shape rather than flowing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lake froze solid during the bitterly cold night.",
    "zh": "在那个严寒的夜晚，湖面完全冻住了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments need solid evidence before introducing policies that could significantly affect public health and household spending.",
    "zh": "政府在出台可能显著影响公共卫生和家庭开支的政策前，需要可靠的证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "solid evidence｜可靠证据",
   "solid foundation｜坚实基础",
   "solid waste｜固体废物",
   "solid wood｜实木"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "solidify (v.)",
   "solidification (n.)",
   "solidity (n.)",
   "solidly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "solid作名词指固体；solid evidence表示可靠证据。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "solid"
 },
 {
  "w": "apply",
  "uk": "/əˈplaɪ/",
  "us": "/əˈplaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "申请",
    "en": "To formally ask for a job, place, or permission"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "应用；适用",
    "en": "To use something practically, or be relevant to a situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "涂；敷",
    "en": "To spread a substance onto a surface"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Apply sunscreen before you go outside on sunny days.",
    "zh": "晴天出门前要涂防晒霜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should encourage students from disadvantaged backgrounds to apply for scholarships that cover tuition and living expenses.",
    "zh": "大学应鼓励家庭条件困难的学生申请涵盖学费和生活费的奖学金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apply for a job｜申请工作",
   "apply to a university｜向大学提出申请",
   "apply knowledge｜应用知识",
   "apply sunscreen｜涂防晒霜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "application (n.)",
   "applicant (n.)",
   "applicable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "apply for接申请事项；apply to接机构或适用对象。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "apply"
 },
 {
  "w": "bite",
  "uk": "/baɪt/",
  "us": "/baɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "咬；叮",
    "en": "To cut or grip with teeth, or wound with mouthparts"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一口；咬；叮咬伤",
    "en": "An act of biting, its wound, or a mouthful of food"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She bit into the apple and smiled at its sweetness.",
    "zh": "她咬了一口苹果，被甜得笑了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns should explain how travellers can prevent mosquito bites in regions with tropical diseases.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传应说明，旅行者在热带疾病流行地区如何预防蚊虫叮咬。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a bite｜咬一口",
   "bite into an apple｜咬苹果",
   "mosquito bite｜蚊子叮咬"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "biting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式bit，过去分词bitten；一口用a bite。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bite"
 },
 {
  "w": "instant",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnstənt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnstənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "立即的；即时的",
    "en": "happening immediately, without any delay"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "速溶的；即食的",
    "en": "prepared very quickly, usually by adding hot water"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瞬间；片刻",
    "en": "an extremely short period of time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The warm soup brought instant comfort after our walk.",
    "zh": "散步回来后，热汤立刻让我们感到舒适。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital platforms provide instant access to educational resources, although reliable internet connections remain essential.",
    "zh": "数字平台让人们即时获取教育资源，但稳定的网络连接仍然必不可少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "instant access｜即时获取",
   "instant results｜即时结果",
   "instant coffee｜速溶咖啡",
   "in an instant｜转眼间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "instantly (adv.)",
   "instantaneous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "immediate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "delayed"
  ],
  "tip": "instant作形容词表示即时的；in an instant表示转眼间。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "instant"
 },
 {
  "w": "conclusion",
  "uk": "/kənˈkluːʒən/",
  "us": "/kənˈkluːʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结论；推断",
    "en": "a judgement formed after considering facts or evidence"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结尾；结束",
    "en": "the final part or ending of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We reached the same conclusion after checking the receipts.",
    "zh": "核对收据后，我们得出了相同的结论。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should consider alternative explanations before drawing a conclusion from a relatively small sample.",
    "zh": "研究人员根据较小的样本得出结论之前，应考虑其他可能的解释。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reach a conclusion｜得出结论",
   "draw a conclusion｜作出推断",
   "jump to conclusions｜贸然下结论",
   "in conclusion｜总而言之"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conclude (v.)",
   "conclusive (adj.)",
   "conclusively (adv.)",
   "inconclusive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“得出结论”用reach或draw a conclusion，不用make。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conclusion"
 },
 {
  "w": "quantity",
  "uk": "/ˈkwɒntəti/",
  "us": "/ˈkwɑːntəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "数量；量",
    "en": "the amount or number of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought a large quantity of rice yesterday.",
    "zh": "我们昨天买了大量大米。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing the quantity of food wasted by households could lower both environmental damage and living costs.",
    "zh": "减少家庭食物浪费量，既能减轻环境损害，也能降低生活成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a large quantity of｜大量的",
   "in small quantities｜少量地",
   "quality over quantity｜质量优于数量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "quantify (v.)",
   "quantitative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "amount"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "quantity指数量，quality指质量；a quantity of可接两类名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quantity"
 },
 {
  "w": "injure",
  "uk": "/ˈɪndʒə/",
  "us": "/ˈɪndʒər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使受伤",
    "en": "to cause physical harm to a person or animal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You could injure your back lifting that heavy box.",
    "zh": "搬那个重箱子可能会让你的背部受伤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should provide safety training to reduce the risk of workers injuring themselves while operating machinery.",
    "zh": "雇主应提供安全培训，以降低工人操作机器时受伤的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "injure your knee｜伤到膝盖",
   "seriously injured｜严重受伤",
   "injure yourself｜使自己受伤"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "injury (n.)",
   "injured (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hurt",
   "harm"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "injure通常指身体受伤；损坏物品常用damage。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "injure"
 },
 {
  "w": "pianist",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪənɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈpiːənɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钢琴家；钢琴演奏者",
    "en": "Someone who plays the piano, especially professionally."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pianist smiled before playing her favourite song.",
    "zh": "那位钢琴演奏者微微一笑，开始弹奏她最喜爱的歌曲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A professional pianist usually needs years of disciplined practice as well as opportunities to perform publicly.",
    "zh": "职业钢琴家通常既需要多年严格的练习，也需要公开演出的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "concert pianist｜音乐会钢琴家",
   "professional pianist｜职业钢琴家",
   "accompanying pianist｜钢琴伴奏者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "piano (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pianist指演奏者；乐器钢琴是piano。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pianist"
 },
 {
  "w": "complain",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpleɪn/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpleɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抱怨；投诉",
    "en": "To say that something is wrong or unsatisfactory"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours often complain about noise from the traffic.",
    "zh": "我们的邻居经常抱怨交通噪声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents may complain to local authorities when construction work repeatedly disrupts their sleep and daily activities.",
    "zh": "当施工反复影响睡眠和日常活动时，居民可能会向地方当局投诉。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complain about noise｜抱怨噪声",
   "complain to the manager｜向经理投诉",
   "complain of pain｜诉说疼痛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "complaint (n.)",
   "complainant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grumble"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "向某人投诉某事：complain to sb about sth。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "complain"
 },
 {
  "w": "profession",
  "uk": "/prəˈfeʃən/",
  "us": "/prəˈfeʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "职业；专业性职业",
    "en": "A job requiring specialist knowledge and usually advanced training."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "某职业的全体从业者",
    "en": "All the people working in a particular specialist occupation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公开表白；声明",
    "en": "An open statement of a belief, feeling, or intention."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Nursing is a demanding profession, but my sister loves it.",
    "zh": "护理是个要求很高的职业，但我姐姐很喜欢。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The teaching profession needs greater public support to attract talented graduates and retain experienced staff.",
    "zh": "教师行业需要更多公众支持，以吸引优秀毕业生并留住经验丰富的教师。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enter a profession｜进入某职业领域",
   "by profession｜就职业而言",
   "the medical profession｜医学界",
   "a profession of faith｜信仰的公开表白"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "professional (adj.)",
   "professionally (adv.)",
   "professionalism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "occupation",
   "career"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "profession通常指需专门训练的职业，比job范围窄。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "profession"
 },
 {
  "w": "yoga",
  "uk": "/ˈjəʊɡə/",
  "us": "/ˈjoʊɡə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瑜伽",
    "en": "A practice combining body positions, controlled breathing, and mental focus."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She does yoga on a mat beside the window.",
    "zh": "她在窗边的垫子上练瑜伽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Offering yoga classes in community centres may help residents manage stress and maintain flexibility.",
    "zh": "在社区中心开设瑜伽课可能有助于居民缓解压力并保持身体柔韧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "do yoga｜练瑜伽",
   "yoga mat｜瑜伽垫",
   "yoga instructor｜瑜伽教练"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "练瑜伽用do或practise yoga，不用play。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "yoga"
 },
 {
  "w": "roundabout",
  "uk": "/ˈraʊndəbaʊt/",
  "us": "/ˈraʊndəbaʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "环岛；环形交叉路口",
    "en": "A circular road junction where traffic travels around a central island."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "绕路的；迂回的",
    "en": "Not following the most direct route or way of speaking."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "游乐场旋转圆台",
    "en": "A rotating platform that children sit or stand on."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Take the second exit at the roundabout near the park.",
    "zh": "在公园附近的环岛从第二个出口驶出。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing a busy junction with a roundabout may improve traffic flow and reduce serious collisions.",
    "zh": "将繁忙的交叉路口改为环岛可能改善车流，并减少严重碰撞事故。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at the roundabout｜在环岛处",
   "take a roundabout route｜走迂回路线",
   "in a roundabout way｜以迂回的方式"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作形容词指不直接，如a roundabout answer。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "roundabout"
 },
 {
  "w": "bay",
  "uk": "/beɪ/",
  "us": "/beɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海湾",
    "en": "An area of sea partly enclosed by land."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专用隔间；停车位",
    "en": "A designated space within a building or parking area."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Small fishing boats floated in the sheltered bay.",
    "zh": "小渔船漂浮在避风的海湾里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal development around the bay must be carefully managed to protect marine habitats and local livelihoods.",
    "zh": "必须谨慎管理海湾周边的沿海开发，以保护海洋栖息地和当地居民的生计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sheltered bay｜避风海湾",
   "sandy bay｜沙质海湾",
   "parking bay｜停车位",
   "loading bay｜装卸区"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bay主要指海湾；停车或装卸语境中指专用区域。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bay"
 },
 {
  "w": "react",
  "uk": "/riˈækt/",
  "us": "/riˈækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "作出反应；回应",
    "en": "Behave or feel in response to something that happens."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发生化学反应",
    "en": "Change chemically when combined with another substance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "How did your sister react to the surprise party?",
    "zh": "你姐姐对这场惊喜派对有什么反应？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must react quickly to public health emergencies while providing clear information to citizens.",
    "zh": "政府必须迅速应对公共卫生紧急事件，同时向公众提供清晰的信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "react to news｜对消息作出反应",
   "react quickly｜迅速反应",
   "react with oxygen｜与氧气反应"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reaction (n.)",
   "reactive (adj.)",
   "reactivity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "respond"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "对某事反应用react to；与物质反应用react with。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "react"
 },
 {
  "w": "hook",
  "uk": "/hʊk/",
  "us": "/hʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钩；挂钩",
    "en": "A curved object used for hanging, holding or catching things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "钩住；挂住",
    "en": "To attach or catch something with a hook."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Hang your wet coat on the hook by the door.",
    "zh": "把你的湿外套挂在门边的挂钩上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing a simple hook beside each desk can keep school bags off classroom floors and reduce accidents.",
    "zh": "在每张课桌旁安装一个简单的挂钩，可以避免书包堆在教室地上，减少意外。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "coat hook｜衣帽钩",
   "fishing hook｜鱼钩",
   "hook onto｜钩在……上"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hooked (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be hooked on意为“迷上”，不指实际挂住。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hook"
 },
 {
  "w": "rough",
  "uk": "/rʌf/",
  "us": "/rʌf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "粗糙的；不平的",
    "en": "Having an uneven surface that is not smooth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "粗略的；大致的",
    "en": "Not exact, detailed, or completely finished."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "艰难的；动荡的；猛烈的",
    "en": "Difficult to experience, or involving strong, uncontrolled movement or force."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rough wooden bench scratched my bare legs.",
    "zh": "粗糙的木长凳刮到了我裸露的小腿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A rough estimate of construction costs can help local authorities decide whether a housing project is affordable.",
    "zh": "粗略估算建筑成本有助于地方政府判断是否负担得起某个住房项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a rough surface｜粗糙的表面",
   "a rough estimate｜粗略估计",
   "a rough time｜艰难的时期",
   "rough seas｜波涛汹涌的海面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "roughly (adv.)",
   "roughness (n.)",
   "roughen (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "uneven",
   "approximate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "smooth",
   "precise"
  ],
  "tip": "rough estimate是粗略估计；rough中的gh发/f/。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rough"
 },
 {
  "w": "incorrect",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnkəˈrekt/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnkəˈrekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "错误的；不正确的",
    "en": "Not accurate, true, or right."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The delivery failed because our address details were incorrect.",
    "zh": "由于我们的地址信息有误，配送未能成功。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Incorrect information shared online can undermine public understanding of health issues and influence important personal decisions.",
    "zh": "网上传播的错误信息会妨碍公众理解健康问题，并影响重要的个人决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "incorrect information｜错误信息",
   "incorrect answer｜错误答案",
   "factually incorrect｜事实有误的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "correct (adj.)",
   "incorrectly (adv.)",
   "correctness (n.)",
   "correction (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wrong",
   "inaccurate",
   "erroneous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "correct",
   "accurate"
  ],
  "tip": "incorrect比wrong正式，常用于答案、信息或数据。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "incorrect"
 },
 {
  "w": "physically",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪzɪkli/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪzɪkli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "身体上；体力上",
    "en": "In a way related to the body or physical effort."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "实际上；亲身地",
    "en": "In a real, material way rather than virtually or theoretically."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After moving those boxes, I felt physically exhausted.",
    "zh": "搬完那些箱子后，我感觉身体疲惫不堪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Physically active children often develop healthier habits that continue into adulthood, reducing their risk of chronic disease.",
    "zh": "经常运动的儿童通常会养成更健康的习惯，并延续至成年，从而降低患慢性病的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "physically active｜经常运动的",
   "physically demanding｜耗费体力的",
   "physically present｜亲自在场的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "physical (adj.)",
   "physicality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "mentally"
  ],
  "tip": "强调身体层面时，常与mentally形成对比。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "physically"
 },
 {
  "w": "meanwhile",
  "uk": "/ˈmiːnwaɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈmiːnwaɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "与此同时；在此期间",
    "en": "During the same time or while something else is happening."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup is simmering; meanwhile, I will prepare dessert.",
    "zh": "汤正在慢炖；趁这会儿，我来准备甜点。"
   },
   {
    "en": "New railway lines may take years to complete; meanwhile, cities should improve existing bus services.",
    "zh": "新铁路线可能需要多年才能建成；在此期间，城市应改善现有的公交服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the meanwhile｜在此期间",
   "meanwhile, elsewhere｜与此同时，在别处"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "in the meantime"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "连接两个完整句子时，前面用句号或分号。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meanwhile"
 },
 {
  "w": "altogether",
  "uk": "/ˌɔːltəˈɡeðə/",
  "us": "/ˌɔːltəˈɡeðɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "完全；全然",
    "en": "completely or entirely"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "总共",
    "en": "when everything or everyone is counted"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "总的来说",
    "en": "when considering everything"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stopped going to that crowded café altogether.",
    "zh": "我们彻底不再去那家拥挤的咖啡馆了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although online courses improve access, they cannot altogether replace the social benefits of classroom learning.",
    "zh": "虽然在线课程扩大了学习机会，但它们无法完全取代课堂学习带来的社交益处。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "altogether different｜完全不同",
   "not altogether clear｜不完全清楚",
   "disappear altogether｜彻底消失"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "altogether是完全或总共；all together是全在一起。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "altogether"
 },
 {
  "w": "aim",
  "uk": "/eɪm/",
  "us": "/eɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "目的；目标",
    "en": "something you want or plan to achieve"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "力求；旨在",
    "en": "to intend or try to achieve something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "瞄准；对准",
    "en": "to point something towards a particular target"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My main aim today is to tidy the kitchen.",
    "zh": "我今天的主要目标是把厨房收拾整齐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The programme aims to reduce youth unemployment by providing practical training and opportunities to gain workplace experience.",
    "zh": "该项目旨在通过提供实践培训和获取职场经验的机会，降低青年失业率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the main aim｜主要目标",
   "aim to do something｜力求做某事",
   "with the aim of｜以……为目的",
   "aim at a target｜瞄准目标"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aimless (adj.)",
   "aimlessly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "goal",
   "objective"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "aim to do表打算做；aim at doing表力求实现。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aim"
 },
 {
  "w": "terrific",
  "uk": "/təˈrɪfɪk/",
  "us": "/təˈrɪfɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；出色的",
    "en": "Extremely good or enjoyable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极大的；强烈的",
    "en": "Very great in amount, degree, or intensity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You did a terrific job fixing that old bicycle.",
    "zh": "你把那辆旧自行车修得真棒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community gardens offer a terrific opportunity for residents to exercise outdoors while developing stronger social connections.",
    "zh": "社区花园为居民提供了极好的机会，让他们在户外锻炼的同时建立更紧密的社会联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "terrific job｜出色的工作",
   "terrific opportunity｜极好的机会",
   "terrific speed｜极快的速度",
   "terrific noise｜巨大的响声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "terrifically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "excellent",
   "fantastic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "awful"
  ],
  "tip": "常用于口语赞扬；别与terrible“糟糕的”混淆。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "terrific"
 },
 {
  "w": "mainly",
  "uk": "/ˈmeɪnli/",
  "us": "/ˈmeɪnli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "主要地；大多",
    "en": "mostly, or more than anything else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This little shop mainly sells fresh bread and cakes.",
    "zh": "这家小店主要卖新鲜面包和蛋糕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many rural communities depend mainly on agriculture, making them particularly vulnerable to changes in weather patterns.",
    "zh": "许多农村社区主要依赖农业，因此尤其容易受到天气模式变化的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mainly because｜主要因为",
   "mainly due to｜主要由于",
   "consist mainly of｜主要由……组成",
   "depend mainly on｜主要依靠"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "main (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "primarily",
   "chiefly",
   "mostly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“主要而非全部”；常放在实义动词前。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mainly"
 },
 {
  "w": "realise",
  "uk": "/ˈrɪəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈriːəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "意识到；明白",
    "en": "to become aware of a fact or understand a situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "实现；使成为现实",
    "en": "to make a hope, ambition, or possibility become real"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I suddenly realised my keys were still inside the house.",
    "zh": "我突然意识到钥匙还在屋里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many students realise the importance of time management when they begin balancing academic work with paid employment.",
    "zh": "许多学生开始兼顾学业与有偿工作时，才意识到时间管理的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "realise that｜意识到……",
   "realise the importance of｜认识到……的重要性",
   "realise an ambition｜实现志向",
   "realise your potential｜发挥你的潜能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "realisation (n.)",
   "realisable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常写realise，美式写realize；可接that从句。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "realise"
 },
 {
  "w": "staff",
  "uk": "/stɑːf/",
  "us": "/stæf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "全体员工；工作人员",
    "en": "The people employed by an organisation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为…配备员工",
    "en": "To provide workers for an organisation or service."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hotel staff helped us carry our heavy bags.",
    "zh": "酒店的工作人员帮我们搬了沉重的行李。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hospitals need sufficient staff to maintain high standards of care during periods of increased demand.",
    "zh": "医院需要充足的人员，才能在需求上升期间保持高水平的护理服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a member of staff｜一名员工",
   "staff training｜员工培训",
   "teaching staff｜全体教师",
   "staff shortage｜人员短缺"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "staffing (n.)",
   "understaffed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "personnel",
   "workforce"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单个员工用a member of staff，不说a staff。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "staff"
 },
 {
  "w": "saucer",
  "uk": "/ˈsɔːsə/",
  "us": "/ˈsɔːsər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "茶碟；茶托",
    "en": "a small shallow dish placed underneath a cup"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She placed a biscuit on the saucer beside her cup.",
    "zh": "她把一块饼干放在茶托上，紧挨着杯子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional tea sets, including matching cups and saucers, can reflect local craftsmanship and cultural preferences.",
    "zh": "传统茶具，包括配套的茶杯和茶碟，可以体现当地的手工艺和文化偏好。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cup and saucer｜杯子和茶托",
   "matching saucer｜配套茶碟",
   "flying saucer｜飞碟"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "saucer是杯子下的小碟；flying saucer指飞碟。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "saucer"
 },
 {
  "w": "buffet",
  "uk": "/ˈbʊfeɪ/",
  "us": "/bəˈfeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自助餐",
    "en": "A meal where people serve themselves from dishes set out."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "车站小餐馆；列车餐柜",
    "en": "A small place selling refreshments at a station or on a train."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We helped ourselves to fresh fruit at the breakfast buffet.",
    "zh": "我们在自助早餐处自行取用了新鲜水果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hotels can reduce food waste by offering smaller portions and replenishing buffet dishes more frequently.",
    "zh": "酒店可以通过提供更小的份量并更频繁地补充自助餐菜品来减少食物浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a buffet breakfast｜自助早餐",
   "a buffet lunch｜自助午餐",
   "a buffet car｜列车餐车",
   "a cold buffet｜冷食自助餐"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作“自助餐”时t不发音；动词“猛击”读/ˈbʌfɪt/。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "buffet"
 },
 {
  "w": "balcony",
  "uk": "/ˈbælkəni/",
  "us": "/ˈbælkəni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阳台",
    "en": "A raised outdoor platform attached to a building, with a railing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "剧院楼座",
    "en": "An upper level of seats in a theatre."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She grows herbs in small pots on her balcony.",
    "zh": "她在阳台上的小盆里种香草。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Apartments with a balcony offer residents valuable outdoor space, particularly in cities where public gardens are scarce.",
    "zh": "带阳台的公寓为住户提供了宝贵的户外空间，在公共花园稀少的城市尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on the balcony｜在阳台上",
   "a private balcony｜私人阳台",
   "balcony seats｜楼座座位"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "在阳台上用on the balcony，不用in。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "balcony"
 },
 {
  "w": "documentary",
  "uk": "/ˌdɒkjəˈmentəri/",
  "us": "/ˌdɑːkjəˈmentəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纪录片；纪实节目",
    "en": "A film or programme presenting facts about real subjects."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "文件的；文献的",
    "en": "Consisting of or supported by written documents."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a documentary about penguins after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，我们看了一部关于企鹅的纪录片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-researched documentary can raise public awareness of environmental problems without oversimplifying their causes.",
    "zh": "一部经过充分调研的纪录片能够提高公众对环境问题的认识，同时避免过度简化其成因。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "documentary film｜纪录电影",
   "documentary evidence｜书面证据",
   "documentary about wildlife｜关于野生动物的纪录片"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "document (n.)",
   "document (v.)",
   "documentation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词指纪录片；documentary evidence指书面证据。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "documentary"
 },
 {
  "w": "suffer",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌfə/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌfɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "受苦；患病",
    "en": "To experience physical pain or mental distress."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "遭受；受损",
    "en": "To experience something harmful or become worse."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I suffer from headaches when I skip lunch.",
    "zh": "我不吃午饭时就会头痛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses often suffer financial losses when major roadworks prevent customers from reaching their premises.",
    "zh": "大型道路施工导致顾客无法到店时，小企业往往会遭受经济损失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "suffer from headaches｜受头痛困扰",
   "suffer a loss｜遭受损失",
   "suffer damage｜遭到损坏",
   "suffer badly｜遭受严重影响"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suffering (n.)",
   "sufferer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "疾病常用suffer from；损失、损坏常直接接在suffer后。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suffer"
 },
 {
  "w": "wire",
  "uk": "/ˈwaɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈwaɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金属丝；电线",
    "en": "Thin metal drawn into strands, often used to carry electricity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给…接线；安装电线",
    "en": "To install or connect electrical wires in something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A thin wire connects the lamp to its battery.",
    "zh": "一根细电线将灯与电池连接起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Older buildings often need new electrical wire to meet modern safety standards and support increased energy use.",
    "zh": "老建筑往往需要更换电线，以符合现代安全标准并满足增长的用电需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "copper wire｜铜线",
   "electrical wire｜电线",
   "wire fence｜铁丝围栏",
   "wire up a house｜给房屋安装电线"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wiring (n.)",
   "wireless (adj.)",
   "rewire (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wire可指单根金属丝；cable通常更粗或由多股组成。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wire"
 },
 {
  "w": "strongly",
  "uk": "/ˈstrɒŋli/",
  "us": "/ˈstrɔːŋli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "强烈地；坚定地",
    "en": "With great force, intensity, or conviction."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I strongly recommend taking a jacket on this walk.",
    "zh": "我强烈建议这次散步带上一件夹克。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many residents strongly oppose the proposed airport expansion because they fear increased noise and air pollution.",
    "zh": "许多居民强烈反对拟议中的机场扩建，因为他们担心噪声和空气污染加剧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strongly recommend｜强烈建议",
   "strongly oppose｜坚决反对",
   "strongly believe｜坚信",
   "strongly associated with｜与……密切相关"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "strong (adj.)",
   "strength (n.)",
   "strengthen (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "firmly",
   "intensely"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "weakly"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰recommend、oppose、believe，强调态度。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strongly"
 },
 {
  "w": "relaxing",
  "uk": "/rɪˈlæksɪŋ/",
  "us": "/rɪˈlæksɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人放松的",
    "en": "making you feel calm and free from stress"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A warm bath is wonderfully relaxing after a busy day.",
    "zh": "忙碌一天后，泡个温水澡让人格外放松。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to relaxing green spaces may improve mental wellbeing among residents of densely populated urban areas.",
    "zh": "能前往令人放松的绿地，可能有助于改善人口密集城区居民的心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "relaxing atmosphere｜轻松的氛围",
   "relaxing music｜令人放松的音乐",
   "relaxing holiday｜轻松的假期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "relax (v.)",
   "relaxed (adj.)",
   "relaxation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "soothing",
   "restful",
   "calming"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "stressful"
  ],
  "tip": "relaxing形容事物令人放松；relaxed形容人感到放松。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "relaxing"
 },
 {
  "w": "uncertain",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈsɜːtn/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈsɝːtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不确定的；无把握的",
    "en": "not sure about something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "未定的；难以预测的",
    "en": "not known, settled, or predictable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt uncertain about which jacket to buy.",
    "zh": "我拿不定主意该买哪件夹克。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The long-term effects of remote working remain uncertain, particularly for younger employees entering the labour market.",
    "zh": "远程工作的长期影响仍不明确，对刚进入劳动力市场的年轻员工而言尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "uncertain about｜对……不确定",
   "an uncertain future｜未卜的前途",
   "remain uncertain｜仍不确定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "certainty (n.)",
   "uncertainty (n.)",
   "certain (adj.)",
   "uncertainly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unsure",
   "doubtful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "certain",
   "sure"
  ],
  "tip": "人没把握用uncertain about；事情未定用remain uncertain。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "uncertain"
 },
 {
  "w": "sink",
  "uk": "/sɪŋk/",
  "us": "/sɪŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "下沉；使沉没",
    "en": "To move below a surface, or make something do this."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洗涤槽；水槽",
    "en": "A fixed basin with taps and a drain for washing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "下降；减弱",
    "en": "To fall to a lower level or become weaker."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The little toy boat sank beneath the bathwater.",
    "zh": "那只小玩具船沉到了洗澡水下面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal communities face increasing risks as land sinks and sea levels rise because of climate change.",
    "zh": "随着地面下沉以及气候变化导致的海平面上升，沿海社区面临日益严峻的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sink to the bottom｜沉到底部",
   "kitchen sink｜厨房水槽",
   "sink into debt｜陷入债务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sinking (adj.)",
   "sunken (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "submerge"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "float",
   "rise"
  ],
  "tip": "不规则变化：sink—sank—sunk。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sink"
 },
 {
  "w": "trade",
  "uk": "/treɪd/",
  "us": "/treɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "贸易；交易",
    "en": "the activity of buying and selling goods or services"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "买卖；交换",
    "en": "to buy, sell, or exchange goods or services"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手艺；职业",
    "en": "a skilled job, especially one involving practical work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "At lunch, I traded my apple for a pear.",
    "zh": "午饭时，我用自己的苹果换了一个梨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International trade can create employment, but governments must ensure that workers receive fair wages and adequate protection.",
    "zh": "国际贸易可以创造就业，但政府必须确保工人获得公平的工资和充分的保障。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "international trade｜国际贸易",
   "trade agreement｜贸易协定",
   "trade with｜与……做生意",
   "learn a trade｜学一门手艺"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trader (n.)",
   "trading (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "commerce"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "trade A for B指用A换B；by trade指职业上。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trade"
 },
 {
  "w": "native",
  "uk": "/ˈneɪtɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈneɪtɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "出生地的；母语的",
    "en": "connected with the place or language of someone's early life"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "本土的；原生的",
    "en": "living or growing naturally in a particular region"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "本地人；出生于某地者",
    "en": "a person born in a particular place"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After years abroad, Ravi returned to his native city.",
    "zh": "在国外生活多年后，拉维回到了自己的故乡城市。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting native species in urban gardens can support local wildlife and reduce the need for additional watering.",
    "zh": "在城市花园中种植本土物种可以帮助当地野生动物生存，并减少额外浇水的需要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "native language｜母语",
   "native speaker｜母语使用者",
   "native species｜本土物种",
   "be native to｜原产于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "non-native (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "non-native"
  ],
  "tip": "a native of指某地出生者；the natives可能带贬义。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "native"
 },
 {
  "w": "prison",
  "uk": "/ˈprɪzən/",
  "us": "/ˈprɪzən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "监狱",
    "en": "A place where people are kept as punishment for crimes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "监禁",
    "en": "The state of being kept in a prison."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old prison has become a popular local museum.",
    "zh": "这座旧监狱已成为当地一处受欢迎的博物馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Education programmes in prison can help individuals develop skills that support their successful return to society.",
    "zh": "监狱内的教育项目能帮助服刑人员培养技能，支持他们顺利回归社会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in prison｜在服刑",
   "go to prison｜入狱服刑",
   "prison sentence｜监禁刑期",
   "prison reform｜监狱改革"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prisoner (n.)",
   "imprison (v.)",
   "imprisonment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "jail"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in prison指服刑；in the prison强调在监狱内。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prison"
 },
 {
  "w": "boarding",
  "uk": "/ˈbɔːdɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈbɔːrdɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "登机；上船；上车",
    "en": "The process of getting onto an aircraft, ship, or other vehicle."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "寄宿；膳宿",
    "en": "Staying somewhere with meals provided, especially at school."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拼接木板；板材",
    "en": "Wooden boards used together to cover a surface."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought some sandwiches before boarding began this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上开始登机前，我们买了些三明治。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Airports can reduce boarding delays by providing clearer instructions and additional assistance for passengers with limited mobility.",
    "zh": "机场可以通过提供更清晰的指引及为行动不便的旅客增加协助，减少登机延误。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "boarding pass｜登机牌",
   "boarding gate｜登机口",
   "boarding school｜寄宿学校",
   "priority boarding｜优先登机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "board (v.)",
   "boarder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词指登机等过程；也可作board的现在分词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "boarding"
 },
 {
  "w": "opera",
  "uk": "/ˈɒpərə/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːpərə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "歌剧；歌剧艺术",
    "en": "a musical drama in which performers sing most words"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched an opera at the theatre last night.",
    "zh": "我们昨晚在剧院看了一部歌剧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public funding for opera can preserve artistic traditions while making performances accessible to a wider audience.",
    "zh": "为歌剧提供公共资助既能保护艺术传统，也能让更多观众有机会欣赏演出。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an opera singer｜歌剧演员",
   "an opera house｜歌剧院",
   "perform an opera｜演出歌剧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "operatic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指歌剧艺术时不可数；一部歌剧用an opera。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "opera"
 },
 {
  "w": "complex",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmpleks/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpleks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "复杂的",
    "en": "Having many connected parts and being difficult to understand."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "综合建筑群",
    "en": "A group of buildings used for related activities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This recipe looks complex, but each step is simple.",
    "zh": "这道食谱看起来复杂，但每一步都很简单。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban poverty is a complex issue that requires cooperation between governments, businesses and local communities.",
    "zh": "城市贫困是一个复杂问题，需要政府、企业和当地社区共同合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complex issue｜复杂问题",
   "complex system｜复杂系统",
   "sports complex｜综合体育场馆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "complexity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "complicated"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "simple"
  ],
  "tip": "作形容词指复杂；作名词可指综合建筑群。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "complex"
 },
 {
  "w": "chase",
  "uk": "/tʃeɪs/",
  "us": "/tʃeɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "追逐；追赶",
    "en": "to run or move after someone to catch them"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "努力争取；追求",
    "en": "to try hard to obtain something you want"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "追逐；追捕",
    "en": "an attempt to catch someone by following them"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our puppy chased a leaf across the garden.",
    "zh": "我们的小狗追着一片叶子跑过花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many young professionals chase higher salaries rather than seek work that offers lasting satisfaction.",
    "zh": "许多年轻的专业人士追求更高的薪水，而不是寻找能带来持久满足感的工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chase after someone｜追赶某人",
   "chase a dream｜追逐梦想",
   "a high-speed chase｜高速追逐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chaser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pursue"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "chase可直接接追赶对象，也可用chase after。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chase"
 },
 {
  "w": "storey",
  "uk": "/ˈstɔːri/",
  "us": "/ˈstɔːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "楼层",
    "en": "A level of a building."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their new house has two storeys and a small garden.",
    "zh": "他们的新房有两层，还带一个小花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Buildings with many storeys can accommodate more residents without requiring additional land in crowded cities.",
    "zh": "在拥挤的城市中，多层建筑无需增加用地就能容纳更多居民。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a two-storey house｜一栋两层住宅",
   "the top storey｜顶层",
   "a multi-storey building｜多层建筑"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "floor"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式storey复数为storeys；美式拼作story。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "storey"
 },
 {
  "w": "width",
  "uk": "/wɪdθ/",
  "us": "/wɪdθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宽度",
    "en": "The distance from one side of something to the other."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Check the width of the sofa before buying it.",
    "zh": "买沙发前先确认一下它的宽度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Increasing the width of pavements can improve accessibility for wheelchair users and make walking more comfortable.",
    "zh": "加宽人行道可以方便轮椅使用者通行，也能让步行更舒适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "measure the width｜测量宽度",
   "in width｜在宽度上",
   "full width｜整个宽度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wide (adj.)",
   "widen (v.)",
   "widely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "breadth"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词wide，名词width，动词widen。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "width"
 },
 {
  "w": "employer",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈplɔɪə/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈplɔɪər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雇主；用人单位",
    "en": "A person or organisation that pays people to work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My employer lets me work from home on Fridays.",
    "zh": "我的雇主允许我每周五在家办公。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers can improve staff retention by offering fair wages, flexible schedules, and opportunities for professional development.",
    "zh": "雇主可以通过提供公平的薪资、灵活的工作安排和职业发展机会来提高员工留任率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a major employer｜大型用人单位",
   "a prospective employer｜潜在雇主",
   "current employer｜现雇主"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "employ (v.)",
   "employee (n.)",
   "employment (n.)",
   "unemployed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "employer是雇主；employee是雇员。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "employer"
 },
 {
  "w": "incredibly",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkredəbli/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈkredəbli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "非常；极其",
    "en": "To an extremely high degree."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "令人难以置信地",
    "en": "In a way that is surprising or hard to believe."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup was incredibly hot, so I waited.",
    "zh": "汤特别烫，所以我等了一会儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable public transport can be incredibly valuable to older residents who no longer drive.",
    "zh": "对于不再开车的老年居民来说，可靠的公共交通可能极其重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "incredibly difficult｜极其困难",
   "incredibly useful｜非常有用",
   "incredibly fast｜快得惊人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "incredible (adj.)",
   "credibility (n.)",
   "credible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "extremely",
   "remarkably"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常修饰形容词或副词；句首可表示“难以置信的是”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "incredibly"
 },
 {
  "w": "perfume",
  "uk": "/ˈpɜːfjuːm/",
  "us": "/ˈpɜːrfjuːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "香水",
    "en": "A pleasant-smelling liquid applied to the body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "芳香；香气",
    "en": "A pleasant smell, especially from flowers."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使散发香味",
    "en": "To give something a pleasant smell."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sprayed a little perfume on her wrist.",
    "zh": "她在手腕上喷了一点香水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some workplaces discourage employees from wearing perfume because strong fragrances can cause discomfort for sensitive colleagues.",
    "zh": "一些工作场所不鼓励员工使用香水，因为浓烈的香味可能让敏感的同事感到不适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wear perfume｜使用香水",
   "a bottle of perfume｜一瓶香水",
   "the perfume of flowers｜花香"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perfumed (adj.)",
   "perfumery (n.)",
   "perfumer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fragrance",
   "scent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示身上用了香水常用wear perfume，而非put perfume。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "perfume"
 },
 {
  "w": "swing",
  "uk": "/swɪŋ/",
  "us": "/swɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "摆动；摇摆",
    "en": "To move backwards and forwards or in a curved path."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "秋千",
    "en": "A hanging seat that moves backwards and forwards."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "明显变化；转变",
    "en": "A noticeable change in an opinion, mood, or situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her bag swung gently as she walked down the street.",
    "zh": "她走在街上，包随着步伐轻轻摆动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A sharp swing in public opinion can encourage governments to reconsider policies that previously enjoyed widespread support.",
    "zh": "公众意见的急剧转变可能促使政府重新审视此前获得广泛支持的政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "swing back and forth｜来回摆动",
   "a playground swing｜游乐场秋千",
   "mood swings｜情绪波动",
   "a swing in public opinion｜舆论转变"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为swung；不是swinged。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "swing"
 },
 {
  "w": "invest",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvest/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "投资",
    "en": "To put money into something hoping to gain financial returns."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "投入时间、精力或资金",
    "en": "To devote resources to something for a future benefit."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt plans to invest in a small bakery.",
    "zh": "我姑姑打算投资一家小面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should invest in renewable energy to improve energy security and reduce dependence on imported fuels.",
    "zh": "政府应投资可再生能源，以提高能源安全并减少对进口燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "invest in property｜投资房地产",
   "invest heavily in｜大量投资于",
   "invest time in｜投入时间于",
   "invest wisely｜明智地投资"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "investment (n.)",
   "investor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "divest"
  ],
  "tip": "常用invest in；投入时间做事可用invest time in doing。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "invest"
 },
 {
  "w": "engineering",
  "uk": "/ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌendʒɪˈnɪrɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工程学；工程技术",
    "en": "using science to design and build machines, structures, or systems"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin studies engineering and builds small robots at home.",
    "zh": "我的表哥学工程，平时在家制作小型机器人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in engineering have enabled cities to build bridges that withstand extreme weather and carry heavier traffic.",
    "zh": "工程技术的进步使城市能够建造抵御极端天气、承载更大交通量的桥梁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "civil engineering｜土木工程",
   "mechanical engineering｜机械工程",
   "electrical engineering｜电气工程",
   "an engineering project｜工程项目"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "engineer (n.)",
   "engineer (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示学科或技术领域时不可数；engineer可指工程师。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "engineering"
 },
 {
  "w": "unhealthy",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈhelθi/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈhelθi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有害健康的",
    "en": "likely to damage physical or mental health"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不健康的；身体虚弱的",
    "en": "not in good physical condition"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不正常的；有害的",
    "en": "harmful or excessive in a way that causes problems"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Eating only biscuits for dinner is an unhealthy habit.",
    "zh": "晚餐只吃饼干是个不健康的习惯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advertising unhealthy foods to children may contribute to poor dietary habits and higher rates of obesity.",
    "zh": "向儿童投放不健康食品广告，可能导致不良饮食习惯和更高的肥胖率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an unhealthy diet｜不健康的饮食",
   "an unhealthy lifestyle｜不健康的生活方式",
   "unhealthy competition｜恶性竞争",
   "an unhealthy obsession｜有害的痴迷"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "health (n.)",
   "healthy (adj.)",
   "unhealthily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "harmful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "healthy"
  ],
  "tip": "unhealthy可指事物伤身，也可指身体状况差。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unhealthy"
 },
 {
  "w": "scientific",
  "uk": "/ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "科学的；符合科学方法的",
    "en": "relating to science or using methods based on evidence"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our class used scientific methods to test the water.",
    "zh": "我们班用科学方法检测了水质。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should rely on scientific evidence when developing policies to protect public health.",
    "zh": "政府在制定保护公众健康的政策时，应依据科学证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scientific research｜科学研究",
   "scientific evidence｜科学证据",
   "scientific method｜科学方法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "science (n.)",
   "scientist (n.)",
   "scientifically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unscientific"
  ],
  "tip": "scientific强调科学依据，不等于仅仅有条理。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scientific"
 },
 {
  "w": "preparation",
  "uk": "/ˌprepəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌprepəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "准备；准备工作",
    "en": "The work done to get ready for something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dinner preparation takes longer when the children help.",
    "zh": "孩子们帮忙时，准备晚饭反而要花更长时间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Thorough preparation for job interviews can help graduates communicate their skills and experience more confidently.",
    "zh": "充分准备求职面试能帮助毕业生更自信地介绍自己的技能和经验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in preparation for｜为……做准备",
   "make preparations｜做准备工作",
   "food preparation｜食物准备",
   "thorough preparation｜充分准备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prepare (v.)",
   "prepared (adj.)",
   "preparatory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指准备时不可数；具体筹备工作常用复数preparations。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "preparation"
 },
 {
  "w": "penguin",
  "uk": "/ˈpeŋɡwɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈpeŋɡwɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "企鹅",
    "en": "a flightless seabird with black and white feathers, found mainly south"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The penguin waddled across the rocks towards the sea.",
    "zh": "那只企鹅摇摇摆摆地走过岩石，朝大海走去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Changes in ocean temperatures can affect penguin populations by altering the availability of fish and other prey.",
    "zh": "海水温度的变化会改变鱼类及其他猎物的供应量，从而影响企鹅种群。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "penguin colony｜企鹅群",
   "penguin chick｜企鹅幼鸟",
   "penguin species｜企鹅物种"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "企鹅是不会飞的鸟；并非全都生活在南极。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "penguin"
 },
 {
  "w": "alarm",
  "uk": "/əˈlɑːm/",
  "us": "/əˈlɑːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "警报；警报器；闹钟",
    "en": "A warning signal or device, or something that wakes you."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "惊慌；担忧",
    "en": "A sudden feeling of fear or worry."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使惊慌；使担忧",
    "en": "To make someone frightened or worried."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My alarm rang before sunrise, waking the whole family.",
    "zh": "我的闹钟在日出前响了，把全家人都吵醒了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every school should test its fire alarm regularly to ensure that pupils receive an immediate warning.",
    "zh": "每所学校都应定期测试火灾警报器，确保学生能立即收到警报。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "set an alarm｜设定闹钟",
   "fire alarm｜火灾警报器",
   "raise the alarm｜发出警报",
   "in alarm｜惊慌地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "alarming (adj.)",
   "alarmed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "警报响起用go off，不是go on。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alarm"
 },
 {
  "w": "certificate",
  "uk": "/səˈtɪfɪkət/",
  "us": "/sərˈtɪfɪkət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "证书；证明书",
    "en": "An official document proving a fact or qualification."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Lena proudly showed her swimming certificate to her grandparents.",
    "zh": "莉娜自豪地向祖父母展示了她的游泳证书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A professional certificate can improve employment prospects, but employers also value practical experience.",
    "zh": "专业资格证书可以改善就业前景，但雇主也重视实践经验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a birth certificate｜出生证明",
   "a medical certificate｜医生证明",
   "a professional certificate｜专业资格证书",
   "award a certificate｜颁发证书"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "certify (v.)",
   "certification (n.)",
   "certified (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "certificate泛指证明或资格证书，不一定是学位。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "certificate"
 },
 {
  "w": "dull",
  "uk": "/dʌl/",
  "us": "/dʌl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "枯燥的；无趣的",
    "en": "Not interesting or exciting."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "暗淡的；阴沉的",
    "en": "Not bright or sunny."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "钝的；不锋利的",
    "en": "Having an edge that does not cut easily."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The film was so dull that I nearly fell asleep.",
    "zh": "这部电影太无聊了，我差点睡着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Lessons can seem dull when students have few opportunities to ask questions or explore ideas independently.",
    "zh": "如果学生很少有机会提问或独立探索想法，课堂就可能显得枯燥。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dull routine｜乏味的日常安排",
   "dull weather｜阴沉的天气",
   "dull blade｜钝刀刃",
   "dull ache｜隐痛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dullness (n.)",
   "dully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "boring",
   "uninteresting"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "interesting",
   "sharp"
  ],
  "tip": "形容刀刃时指“钝”，形容活动时指“无聊”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dull"
 },
 {
  "w": "electrical",
  "uk": "/ɪˈlektrɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ɪˈlektrɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "电的；电气的",
    "en": "Related to electricity or equipment that uses it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An electrical fault left our kitchen in darkness.",
    "zh": "一处电路故障让我们的厨房一片漆黑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular inspections of electrical equipment can reduce fire risks in crowded residential buildings and workplaces.",
    "zh": "定期检查电气设备可以降低人口密集的住宅楼和工作场所的火灾风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "electrical equipment｜电气设备",
   "electrical engineering｜电气工程",
   "electrical fault｜电路故障",
   "electrical wiring｜电气线路"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "electric (adj.)",
   "electricity (n.)",
   "electrically (adv.)",
   "electrician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "electrical常指电气领域；electric常指电驱动的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "electrical"
 },
 {
  "w": "explanation",
  "uk": "/ˌekspləˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌekspləˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "解释；说明",
    "en": "information that makes something easier to understand"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "原因；解释理由",
    "en": "a reason given for why something happened"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her simple explanation helped me understand the new game.",
    "zh": "她简单的讲解让我明白了这个新游戏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "One possible explanation for declining car ownership is the growing availability of reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "汽车拥有率下降的一个可能原因，是可靠的公共交通越来越普及。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clear explanation｜清楚的解释",
   "give an explanation｜作出解释",
   "explanation for｜对……的原因解释",
   "explanation of｜对……的说明"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "explain (v.)",
   "explanatory (adj.)",
   "explainable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clarification"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "explanation of多说明内容，for多解释原因。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "explanation"
 },
 {
  "w": "in advance",
  "uk": "/ɪn ədˈvɑːns/",
  "us": "/ɪn ədˈvæns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "phr.",
    "zh": "提前；预先",
    "en": "Before a planned event or a particular time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We booked our train tickets two weeks in advance.",
    "zh": "我们提前两周订好了火车票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Publishing consultation dates well in advance allows more residents to participate in local planning decisions.",
    "zh": "早早公布咨询会日期，可以让更多居民参与地方规划决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "book in advance｜提前预订",
   "pay in advance｜预先付款",
   "well in advance｜早早地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "advance (n.)",
   "advance (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "beforehand",
   "ahead of time"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in advance可独立用；接事件用in advance of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "in-advance"
 },
 {
  "w": "monthly",
  "uk": "/ˈmʌnθli/",
  "us": "/ˈmʌnθli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "每月的；每月一次的",
    "en": "Happening, produced, or paid once every month."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "每月；每月一次",
    "en": "Once every month."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "月刊",
    "en": "A magazine published once every month."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My monthly bus pass fits neatly inside my wallet.",
    "zh": "我的公交月票正好能放进钱包里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Monthly payments can make essential services more affordable, but households should monitor their total spending carefully.",
    "zh": "按月付款可以减轻基本服务的支付压力，但家庭仍应仔细监控总支出。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "monthly payments｜每月付款",
   "monthly income｜月收入",
   "monthly subscription｜按月订阅",
   "meet monthly｜每月见面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "month (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "monthly既可作形容词，也可作副词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "monthly"
 },
 {
  "w": "disappointed",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "失望的；沮丧的",
    "en": "Unhappy because something was not as good as you hoped."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was disappointed when rain cancelled our beach picnic.",
    "zh": "下雨导致我们的海滩野餐取消，我很失望。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Graduates may feel disappointed if their first jobs offer few opportunities to apply the skills they have learned.",
    "zh": "如果第一份工作很少提供运用所学技能的机会，毕业生可能会感到失望。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disappointed with｜对……失望",
   "deeply disappointed｜深感失望",
   "disappointed to hear｜听到……感到失望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disappoint (v.)",
   "disappointment (n.)",
   "disappointing (adj.)",
   "disappointingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "let down",
   "disheartened"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "pleased",
   "satisfied"
  ],
  "tip": "disappointed形容人的感受；disappointing形容令人失望的事物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disappointed"
 },
 {
  "w": "helmet",
  "uk": "/ˈhelmɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈhelmɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "头盔；安全帽",
    "en": "A strong protective covering worn on the head"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fasten your helmet before you get on the bicycle.",
    "zh": "骑上自行车前，先扣好头盔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wearing a helmet can reduce the risk of serious head injuries among cyclists involved in accidents.",
    "zh": "骑车时佩戴头盔，可以降低事故中头部严重受伤的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wear a helmet｜戴头盔",
   "cycle helmet｜自行车头盔",
   "safety helmet｜安全帽"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "helmeted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词：戴头盔用wear a helmet。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "helmet"
 },
 {
  "w": "turtle",
  "uk": "/ˈtɜːtəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtɝːtəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海龟；龟（美）",
    "en": "A reptile with a protective shell, often living in water."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a turtle swimming slowly over the reef.",
    "zh": "我们看着一只海龟在珊瑚礁上方缓缓游动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing plastic pollution in coastal waters is essential for protecting turtle populations and other marine wildlife.",
    "zh": "减少沿海水域的塑料污染，对保护海龟种群及其他海洋野生动物至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sea turtle｜海龟",
   "freshwater turtle｜淡水龟",
   "turtle shell｜龟壳"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式turtle多指海龟；陆龟通常叫tortoise。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "turtle"
 },
 {
  "w": "beyond",
  "uk": "/bɪˈjɒnd/",
  "us": "/bɪˈjɑːnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……更远处；在另一边",
    "en": "on the farther side of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "超出；超过",
    "en": "outside a particular limit, range, or ability"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在更远处",
    "en": "at or towards a place farther away"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A narrow path leads to the beach beyond the dunes.",
    "zh": "一条狭窄的小路通向沙丘另一边的海滩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The benefits of university education extend beyond employment prospects to include personal growth and greater social awareness.",
    "zh": "大学教育的益处不仅限于就业前景，还包括个人成长和更强的社会意识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "beyond repair｜无法修复",
   "beyond reach｜够不到",
   "beyond recognition｜认不出来",
   "go beyond｜超出"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "beyond不仅表位置，也可表示超出能力或限度。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beyond"
 },
 {
  "w": "compete",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpiːt/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpiːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "竞争；争夺",
    "en": "Try to win or succeed against others."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "参加比赛",
    "en": "Take part in a sporting event or other contest."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Several bakeries compete for customers on our street.",
    "zh": "我们街上的几家面包店都在争取顾客。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses often struggle to compete with larger companies that can offer lower prices.",
    "zh": "小企业往往难以与能够提供更低价格的大公司竞争。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "compete with｜与……竞争",
   "compete for｜争夺",
   "compete in a tournament｜参加锦标赛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "competition (n.)",
   "competitor (n.)",
   "competitive (adj.)",
   "competitively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "compete with/against对手；for奖项；in赛事。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "compete"
 },
 {
  "w": "newsletter",
  "uk": "/ˈnjuːzletə/",
  "us": "/ˈnuːzletər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "定期通讯；简报",
    "en": "a regular printed or electronic report for a particular group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our school newsletter arrived in my inbox this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，我的收件箱里收到了学校简报。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A monthly newsletter allows charities to share progress with supporters and explain how donations are being used.",
    "zh": "月度通讯让慈善机构能够向支持者汇报进展，并说明捐款的使用情况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "monthly newsletter｜月度简报",
   "email newsletter｜电子邮件通讯",
   "subscribe to a newsletter｜订阅通讯"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "bulletin"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指纸质或电子通讯；订阅用subscribe to。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "newsletter"
 },
 {
  "w": "reasonable",
  "uk": "/ˈriːzənəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈriːzənəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "合理的；通情达理的",
    "en": "Fair and sensible, showing good judgement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "价格公道的",
    "en": "Not too expensive."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "尚可的；过得去的",
    "en": "Acceptable in quality or amount, though not excellent."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your suggestion sounds reasonable, so let's try it tomorrow.",
    "zh": "你的建议听起来很合理，我们明天试试吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should set reasonable targets that encourage productivity without placing excessive pressure on their staff.",
    "zh": "雇主应设定合理目标，在提高生产效率的同时避免给员工施加过大压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a reasonable explanation｜合理的解释",
   "a reasonable price｜公道的价格",
   "reasonable expectations｜合理的期望",
   "a reasonable standard｜尚可的水平"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reason (n.)",
   "reasonably (adv.)",
   "unreasonable (adj.)",
   "reasonableness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sensible",
   "fair"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unreasonable"
  ],
  "tip": "形容价格时指公道、不贵，不一定是非常便宜。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reasonable"
 },
 {
  "w": "occupation",
  "uk": "/ˌɒkjəˈpeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɑːkjəˈpeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "职业；工作",
    "en": "the type of work someone does to earn money"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "军事占领",
    "en": "control of a place by a foreign army"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "居住；使用",
    "en": "the act of living in or using a building"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her occupation involves repairing bicycles in a small workshop.",
    "zh": "她的工作是在一家小修理铺里修自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A person's occupation can influence their income, social connections, and opportunities for further education.",
    "zh": "一个人的职业会影响其收入、社会关系以及继续深造的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "current occupation｜目前职业",
   "military occupation｜军事占领",
   "under occupation｜处于占领之下",
   "ready for occupation｜可供入住"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "occupy (v.)",
   "occupational (adj.)",
   "occupant (n.)",
   "occupied (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示职业时较正式，常见于表格；不要与职位混同。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "occupation"
 },
 {
  "w": "independent",
  "uk": "/ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/",
  "us": "/ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "独立自主的",
    "en": "able to live or act without relying on others"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不受控制的；独立的",
    "en": "not controlled by another person, organisation, or country"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无关联的；互不影响的",
    "en": "not connected with or affected by something else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Living alone has made me much more independent.",
    "zh": "独居让我变得更加独立。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent research can help governments assess whether new environmental policies are achieving their intended goals.",
    "zh": "独立研究可以帮助政府评估新的环境政策是否正在实现预期目标。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "financially independent｜经济独立的",
   "independent research｜独立研究",
   "independent of｜不依赖；不受影响",
   "independent judgement｜独立判断"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "independence (n.)",
   "independently (adv.)",
   "dependent (adj.)",
   "dependence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "self-reliant",
   "autonomous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dependent"
  ],
  "tip": "常搭配of：independent of意为不依赖或不受影响。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "independent"
 },
 {
  "w": "remain",
  "uk": "/rɪˈmeɪn/",
  "us": "/rɪˈmeɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "仍然是；保持",
    "en": "to continue to be in the same state"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "留下；停留",
    "en": "to stay in a place rather than leave"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "剩下；余留",
    "en": "to still exist after other things have gone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please remain seated until the bus has stopped completely.",
    "zh": "请留在座位上，直到公交车完全停稳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Despite improvements in public transport, private cars remain the main means of travel in many rural areas.",
    "zh": "尽管公共交通有所改善，私家车仍是许多农村地区的主要出行工具。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remain calm｜保持冷静",
   "remain unchanged｜保持不变",
   "remain a challenge｜仍是一项挑战",
   "remain to be seen｜尚待分晓"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "remaining (adj.)",
   "remains (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stay"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示保持某状态时，后接形容词或名词，不用副词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "remain"
 },
 {
  "w": "flyer",
  "uk": "/ˈflaɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈflaɪər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "传单",
    "en": "A small printed sheet advertising an event, product, or service."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乘飞机的人",
    "en": "A person who travels by plane."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Someone handed me a flyer outside the swimming pool.",
    "zh": "有人在游泳池外递给我一张传单。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local charities often distribute flyers to encourage residents to participate in community recycling schemes.",
    "zh": "当地慈善机构经常发放传单，鼓励居民参与社区回收计划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hand out flyers｜分发传单",
   "promotional flyer｜宣传单",
   "frequent flyer｜常乘飞机的人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "leaflet"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "传单也可写作flier；常乘飞机的人用frequent flyer。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flyer"
 },
 {
  "w": "vest",
  "uk": "/vest/",
  "us": "/vest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英式贴身背心；美式马甲",
    "en": "a sleeveless garment worn underneath or over other clothes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赋予权力；使权利归属",
    "en": "to formally give someone a right, power, or responsibility"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I wore a cotton vest under my shirt today.",
    "zh": "今天我在衬衫里面穿了一件棉背心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The constitution vests executive authority in elected officials, who remain accountable to the public through regular elections.",
    "zh": "宪法将行政权赋予民选官员，他们通过定期选举继续向公众负责。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cotton vest｜棉背心",
   "a bulletproof vest｜防弹背心",
   "vest power in someone｜赋予某人权力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vested (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式vest常指贴身背心；美式常指英式waistcoat。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vest"
 },
 {
  "w": "pray",
  "uk": "/preɪ/",
  "us": "/preɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "祈祷",
    "en": "To speak to a god to ask, thank, or worship."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "热切盼望；祈求",
    "en": "To hope very strongly that something will happen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They gather quietly each morning to pray for peace.",
    "zh": "他们每天早晨静静地聚在一起，为和平祈祷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing quiet spaces allows people of different faiths to pray while studying or working on campus.",
    "zh": "提供安静的空间能让不同信仰的人在校园学习或工作期间祈祷。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pray for peace｜祈求和平",
   "pray to God｜向上帝祈祷",
   "pray that｜祈求……"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prayer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pray to 接祈祷对象，pray for 接所求之事。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pray"
 },
 {
  "w": "dialogue",
  "uk": "/ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/",
  "us": "/ˈdaɪəlɔːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "对话；意见交流",
    "en": "A conversation or discussion, especially to exchange views"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "对白",
    "en": "The words spoken by characters in a story or performance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The neighbours began a friendly dialogue about their shared garden.",
    "zh": "邻居们就共用花园展开了友好的交流。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Open dialogue between teachers and parents can help schools respond more effectively to children's needs.",
    "zh": "教师与家长之间的坦诚对话有助于学校更有效地回应儿童的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "open dialogue｜坦诚对话",
   "engage in dialogue｜参与对话",
   "dialogue between communities｜社区间的对话",
   "natural dialogue｜自然的对白"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "conversation",
   "discussion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指现实中的交流，也指小说、电影等作品中的对白。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dialogue"
 },
 {
  "w": "bush",
  "uk": "/bʊʃ/",
  "us": "/bʊʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灌木；灌木丛",
    "en": "A woody plant with several branches growing near the ground."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "荒野；丛林地带",
    "en": "Wild, uncultivated land, especially in Australia or Africa."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small bird was hiding in the rose bush.",
    "zh": "一只小鸟躲在玫瑰丛里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting native bushes in urban gardens can provide shelter and food for local wildlife.",
    "zh": "在城市花园中种植本地灌木，可以为当地野生动物提供庇护和食物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rose bush｜玫瑰丛",
   "dense bushes｜茂密的灌木丛",
   "in the bush｜在荒野中"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bushy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shrub"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "灌木是可数名词；the bush可指澳洲等地的荒野。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bush"
 },
 {
  "w": "sudden",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌdən/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌdən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "突然的；意外的",
    "en": "Happening quickly and unexpectedly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A sudden gust blew my hat into the pond.",
    "zh": "一阵突如其来的风把我的帽子吹进了池塘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A sudden rise in food prices can place considerable pressure on families with low incomes.",
    "zh": "食品价格突然上涨会给低收入家庭带来相当大的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sudden change｜突变",
   "a sudden increase｜骤增",
   "a sudden movement｜突然的动作",
   "all of a sudden｜突然"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suddenly (adv.)",
   "suddenness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "abrupt",
   "unexpected"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "gradual"
  ],
  "tip": "sudden是形容词；修饰动作通常用suddenly。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sudden"
 },
 {
  "w": "zipper",
  "uk": "/ˈzɪpə/",
  "us": "/ˈzɪpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拉链",
    "en": "a fastener with two rows of teeth joined by sliding"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My jacket zipper got stuck halfway up this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，我夹克的拉链拉到一半卡住了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Designing clothing with replaceable buttons and zippers could extend its lifespan and reduce household textile waste.",
    "zh": "采用可更换纽扣和拉链的服装设计，可以延长衣物寿命并减少家庭纺织品废弃物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a broken zipper｜坏掉的拉链",
   "close a zipper｜拉上拉链",
   "replace a zipper｜更换拉链"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "zip (n.)",
   "zip (v.)",
   "unzip (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "zip"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "zipper主要用于美式英语，英式英语通常用zip。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "zipper"
 },
 {
  "w": "charming",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃɑːmɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃɑːrmɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "迷人的；讨人喜欢的",
    "en": "very pleasant or attractive in a way that delights people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a charming little café beside the river.",
    "zh": "我们在河边发现了一家迷人的小咖啡馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving charming historic neighbourhoods can attract visitors while strengthening residents' sense of belonging to their city.",
    "zh": "保护迷人的历史街区可以吸引游客，同时增强居民对城市的归属感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "charming smile｜迷人的微笑",
   "charming village｜迷人的村庄",
   "charming personality｜讨人喜欢的性格"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "charm (n.)",
   "charm (v.)",
   "charmed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "delightful",
   "lovely"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unpleasant"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容人讨喜，也可形容地方迷人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "charming"
 },
 {
  "w": "focus",
  "uk": "/ˈfəʊkəs/",
  "us": "/ˈfoʊkəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "集中注意力；聚焦",
    "en": "direct attention or effort towards one particular thing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重点；关注中心",
    "en": "the main subject receiving attention or effort"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "清晰度；焦点",
    "en": "image sharpness, or the point where light rays meet"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please turn the music down so I can focus.",
    "zh": "请把音乐调小一点，好让我集中注意力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should focus on affordable public transport to reduce congestion and improve access to employment.",
    "zh": "政府应重点发展价格合理的公共交通，以缓解拥堵并改善就业机会的可达性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "focus on｜集中于",
   "the main focus｜主要关注点",
   "in focus｜影像清晰",
   "out of focus｜影像模糊"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "focused (adj.)",
   "unfocused (adj.)",
   "refocus (v.)",
   "focal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "concentrate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "focus on后接名词或动名词；不要说focus in。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "focus"
 },
 {
  "w": "makeup",
  "uk": "/ˈmeɪkʌp/",
  "us": "/ˈmeɪkʌp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "化妆品",
    "en": "products applied to the face to change or improve appearance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组成；构成",
    "en": "the parts or qualities that together form something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She removed her makeup before going to bed.",
    "zh": "她睡觉前卸了妆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Changes in the demographic makeup of cities can influence demand for housing, healthcare and public transport.",
    "zh": "城市人口构成的变化会影响对住房、医疗和公共交通的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wear makeup｜化妆",
   "remove makeup｜卸妆",
   "genetic makeup｜基因构成",
   "demographic makeup｜人口构成"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "make up (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "makeup是名词；make up是动词短语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "makeup"
 },
 {
  "w": "arrival",
  "uk": "/əˈraɪvəl/",
  "us": "/əˈraɪvəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "到达；到来",
    "en": "The act of reaching a place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新来的人；新到的事物",
    "en": "A person or thing that has recently reached a place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our arrival at the campsite was delayed by heavy rain.",
    "zh": "大雨耽误了我们抵达营地的时间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The arrival of faster rail services has made smaller towns more attractive to commuters seeking affordable housing.",
    "zh": "更快捷的铁路服务使小城镇对寻求可负担住房的通勤者更有吸引力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on arrival｜一到达",
   "arrival time｜到达时间",
   "new arrival｜新来者；新到物",
   "arrival at the airport｜抵达机场"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "arrive (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "departure"
  ],
  "tip": "on arrival意为一到达，相当于upon arrival。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arrival"
 },
 {
  "w": "face-to-face",
  "uk": "/ˌfeɪs tə ˈfeɪs/",
  "us": "/ˌfeɪs tə ˈfeɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "面对面的；当面的",
    "en": "Involving people physically present together and looking at each other."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "面对面地；当面地",
    "en": "With people physically present together rather than communicating remotely."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We arranged a face-to-face meeting at the local café.",
    "zh": "我们安排在附近的咖啡馆当面会谈。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Face-to-face communication can strengthen relationships between teachers and students by allowing immediate feedback and clearer emotional expression.",
    "zh": "面对面交流能提供即时反馈并更清晰地表达情感，从而增进师生关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a face-to-face meeting｜面对面会议",
   "face-to-face communication｜面对面交流",
   "a face-to-face interview｜当面访谈"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "in-person"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词前通常加连字符；作状语时常写face to face。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "face-to-face"
 },
 {
  "w": "various",
  "uk": "/ˈveəriəs/",
  "us": "/ˈveriəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "各种各样的",
    "en": "Of several different kinds."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We tried various dishes at the weekend market.",
    "zh": "我们在周末集市上尝了各种菜肴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should offer various activities to help students discover their interests and develop practical skills.",
    "zh": "学校应提供各种活动，帮助学生发现兴趣并培养实用技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "various reasons｜各种原因",
   "various types of｜各种类型的",
   "various aspects｜各个方面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vary (v.)",
   "variety (n.)",
   "variation (n.)",
   "varied (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "different",
   "assorted"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常接复数可数名词，如various reasons。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "various"
 },
 {
  "w": "campsite",
  "uk": "/ˈkæmpsaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈkæmpsaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "露营地",
    "en": "A place where people can stay in tents."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a quiet campsite beside the lake.",
    "zh": "我们在湖边找到了一处安静的露营地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Well-managed campsites allow visitors to enjoy natural landscapes while limiting damage to local ecosystems.",
    "zh": "管理良好的露营地让游客欣赏自然风光，同时减少对当地生态系统的破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stay at a campsite｜住在露营地",
   "book a campsite｜预订露营地",
   "a lakeside campsite｜湖畔露营地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "camp (v.)",
   "camping (n.)",
   "camper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "campground"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常用campsite，美式也常用campground。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "campsite"
 },
 {
  "w": "arts",
  "uk": "/ɑːts/",
  "us": "/ɑːrts/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "艺术；艺术活动",
    "en": "Creative activities such as painting, music, theatre, and dance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文科；人文学科",
    "en": "Subjects such as languages, literature, philosophy, and history."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our local arts centre offers pottery and dance classes.",
    "zh": "我们当地的艺术中心开设陶艺课和舞蹈课。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying arts subjects can develop critical thinking and deepen students' understanding of different cultures.",
    "zh": "学习文科科目可以培养批判性思维，加深学生对不同文化的理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the performing arts｜表演艺术",
   "arts subjects｜文科科目",
   "arts centre｜艺术中心",
   "Bachelor of Arts｜文学学士"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "art (n.)",
   "artist (n.)",
   "artistic (adj.)",
   "artistically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "the arts 指艺术的总称；arts subjects 指文科科目。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arts"
 },
 {
  "w": "frequent",
  "uk": "/ˈfriːkwənt/",
  "us": "/ˈfriːkwənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "频繁的；经常发生的",
    "en": "Happening often or at short intervals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "常去；常到访",
    "en": "Visit a particular place regularly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Frequent buses make getting to the market easy.",
    "zh": "公交车班次密集，去市场很方便。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Frequent changes in education policy can make it difficult for teachers to plan effective lessons.",
    "zh": "教育政策频繁变化，可能使教师难以规划有效的课堂教学。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "frequent visits｜频繁到访",
   "frequent delays｜频繁延误",
   "a frequent visitor｜常客",
   "frequent changes｜频繁变化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "frequency (n.)",
   "frequently (adv.)",
   "infrequent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "regular",
   "repeated"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "infrequent",
   "rare"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词重音在首音节；动词重音在第二音节。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "frequent"
 },
 {
  "w": "resource",
  "uk": "/rɪˈzɔːs/",
  "us": "/ˈriːsɔːrs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "资源；财力；人力",
    "en": "Something useful that people or organisations can draw on."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "资料；学习资源",
    "en": "Material that provides information or support for learning."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为…提供资源",
    "en": "To supply an organisation or activity with necessary support."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our village shares its water resources during dry summers.",
    "zh": "在干旱的夏季，我们村会共享水资源。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should manage natural resources carefully to balance economic development with long-term environmental protection.",
    "zh": "政府应谨慎管理自然资源，以平衡经济发展与长期环境保护。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "natural resources｜自然资源",
   "human resources｜人力资源",
   "learning resources｜学习资源",
   "allocate resources｜分配资源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "resourceful (adj.)",
   "resourcefulness (n.)",
   "resourcing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "资源总称常用复数resources；动词意为提供资源。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resource"
 },
 {
  "w": "take-off",
  "uk": "/ˈteɪk ɒf/",
  "us": "/ˈteɪk ɔːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "起飞",
    "en": "The moment an aircraft leaves the ground."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "滑稽模仿",
    "en": "An amusing imitation of a person or performance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please keep your seat belt fastened during take-off.",
    "zh": "起飞期间请系好安全带。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Aircraft noise during take-off can significantly affect the quality of life in communities near major airports.",
    "zh": "飞机起飞时的噪声会显著影响大型机场附近社区的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "during take-off｜在起飞期间",
   "prepare for take-off｜准备起飞",
   "take-off speed｜起飞速度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "take off (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "landing"
  ],
  "tip": "名词可写take-off；动词take off不加连字符。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "take-off"
 },
 {
  "w": "directly",
  "uk": "/dəˈrektli/",
  "us": "/dəˈrektli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "直接地；径直地",
    "en": "Without anyone or anything coming between"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "立即；很快",
    "en": "Immediately or after a very short time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "正好；恰好",
    "en": "Exactly in a particular position"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please send the photos directly to my phone.",
    "zh": "请把照片直接发到我的手机上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved public transport can directly reduce household travel costs and increase access to employment.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通可以直接降低家庭出行成本，并增加就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "directly affect｜直接影响",
   "directly responsible｜直接负责的",
   "directly opposite｜在正对面",
   "directly above｜在正上方"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "direct (adj.)",
   "direct (v.)",
   "indirect (adj.)",
   "indirectly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "indirectly"
  ],
  "tip": "directly可指直接，也可指正好在某位置。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "directly"
 },
 {
  "w": "rainforest",
  "uk": "/ˈreɪnfɒrɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈreɪnfɔːrɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雨林；热带雨林",
    "en": "a dense forest in an area receiving very heavy rainfall"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spotted colourful birds high in the rainforest canopy.",
    "zh": "我们在雨林高高的树冠层中发现了色彩鲜艳的鸟儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting tropical rainforest helps preserve biodiversity and prevents large amounts of stored carbon from entering the atmosphere.",
    "zh": "保护热带雨林有助于维护生物多样性，并防止大量储存的碳进入大气。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tropical rainforest｜热带雨林",
   "rainforest canopy｜雨林树冠层",
   "rainforest conservation｜雨林保护",
   "rainforest destruction｜雨林破坏"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常写作rainforest；rain forest也正确。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rainforest"
 },
 {
  "w": "insurance",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈʃʊərəns/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈʃʊrəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保险",
    "en": "An arrangement providing financial protection against specified risks."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "防范措施；保障",
    "en": "Something that protects against a possible future problem."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our travel insurance covered the cost of my lost suitcase.",
    "zh": "我们的旅行保险赔付了我丢失行李箱的费用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable health insurance can prevent families from facing serious financial difficulties when someone becomes ill.",
    "zh": "价格可负担的医疗保险可以避免家庭在有人生病时陷入严重的经济困境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take out insurance｜购买保险",
   "health insurance｜医疗保险",
   "insurance premium｜保险费",
   "insurance claim｜保险索赔"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "insure (v.)",
   "insurer (n.)",
   "insured (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；保险费用premium，保单用policy。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "insurance"
 },
 {
  "w": "gradually",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrædʒuəli/",
  "us": "/ˈɡrædʒuəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "逐渐地；逐步地",
    "en": "slowly over time, rather than all at once"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sky gradually grew darker as we walked home.",
    "zh": "我们走回家时，天色渐渐暗了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities can gradually reduce traffic congestion by improving public transport and creating safer routes for cyclists.",
    "zh": "城市可以通过改善公共交通、为骑车者建设更安全的路线，逐步缓解交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gradually increase｜逐渐增加",
   "gradually improve｜逐步改善",
   "gradually disappear｜逐渐消失"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gradual (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "progressively"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "suddenly",
   "abruptly"
  ],
  "tip": "强调变化缓慢发生，不只是动作速度慢。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gradually"
 },
 {
  "w": "blind",
  "uk": "/blaɪnd/",
  "us": "/blaɪnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "失明的",
    "en": "Unable to see."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "盲目的；未察觉的",
    "en": "Unwilling or unable to recognize facts or problems."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卷帘；百叶窗",
    "en": "A window covering that can be raised or adjusted."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My blind uncle reads stories using his fingertips.",
    "zh": "我失明的叔叔用指尖触读故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport systems should provide clear audio announcements to help blind passengers travel safely and independently.",
    "zh": "公共交通系统应提供清晰的语音播报，帮助失明乘客安全、独立地出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blind passengers｜失明乘客",
   "blind faith｜盲目信任",
   "blind to the risks｜无视风险",
   "roller blind｜卷帘"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blindness (n.)",
   "blindly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "sighted"
  ],
  "tip": "blind to表示未察觉或无视；窗帘义是可数名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blind"
 },
 {
  "w": "fireplace",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪəpleɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪərpleɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "壁炉",
    "en": "A space in a wall where a fire burns."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We warmed our feet beside the fireplace after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，我们在壁炉旁暖脚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional homes often feature a fireplace, although modern heating systems are generally more convenient.",
    "zh": "传统住宅通常设有壁炉，不过现代供暖系统一般更方便。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "light a fire in the fireplace｜在壁炉里生火",
   "an open fireplace｜敞口壁炉",
   "a stone fireplace｜石砌壁炉"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "壁炉是fireplace；壁炉架通常叫mantelpiece。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fireplace"
 },
 {
  "w": "casual",
  "uk": "/ˈkæʒuəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkæʒuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "休闲的；非正式的",
    "en": "relaxed and not formal"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "临时的；不定期的",
    "en": "done occasionally rather than regularly or permanently"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不经意的；随意的",
    "en": "done without much attention or serious thought"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can wear casual clothes to dinner tonight.",
    "zh": "今晚吃饭你可以穿休闲服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Casual employment offers flexibility, but workers may lack the financial security associated with permanent jobs.",
    "zh": "临时工作提供了灵活性，但从业者可能缺乏固定工作带来的经济保障。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "casual clothes｜休闲服",
   "casual conversation｜闲聊",
   "casual work｜临时工作",
   "casual remark｜随口说的话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "casually (adv.)",
   "casualness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "informal",
   "relaxed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "formal"
  ],
  "tip": "casual可指穿着随意，也可指工作非长期固定。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "casual"
 },
 {
  "w": "cattle",
  "uk": "/ˈkætl/",
  "us": "/ˈkætl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牛；牛群",
    "en": "Farm animals kept for their milk or meat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cattle gathered under a tree during the storm.",
    "zh": "暴风雨中，牛群聚集在一棵树下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Raising cattle requires substantial land and water, which can place pressure on local ecosystems.",
    "zh": "养牛需要大量土地和水，这可能给当地生态系统带来压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "raise cattle｜养牛",
   "a herd of cattle｜一群牛",
   "dairy cattle｜奶牛",
   "beef cattle｜肉牛"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cattle是复数集合名词，用are；单头牛不用a cattle。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cattle"
 },
 {
  "w": "fixed",
  "uk": "/fɪkst/",
  "us": "/fɪkst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "固定的；不变的",
    "en": "set and not changing or adjustable"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "牢固安装的",
    "en": "securely attached in one position"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This cafe offers lunch at a fixed price.",
    "zh": "这家咖啡馆以固定价格供应午餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Workers on fixed incomes may struggle to afford basic necessities when inflation significantly increases the cost of living.",
    "zh": "当通货膨胀大幅推高生活成本时，收入固定的劳动者可能难以负担基本生活必需品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fixed price｜固定价格",
   "fixed income｜固定收入",
   "fixed rate｜固定费率",
   "fixed term｜固定期限"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fix (v.)",
   "fixing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "set",
   "unchanging"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "variable",
   "flexible"
  ],
  "tip": "fixed price是固定价格；fixed也可作fix的过去分词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fixed"
 },
 {
  "w": "spice",
  "uk": "/spaɪs/",
  "us": "/spaɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "香料；调味香料",
    "en": "A plant substance used to add flavour to food."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……加香料",
    "en": "To add spices to food."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "趣味；刺激",
    "en": "Something that makes an experience more interesting or exciting."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This warming spice gives the soup a lovely flavour.",
    "zh": "这种带来暖意的香料让汤的味道十分美妙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The historical spice trade connected distant societies and encouraged the exchange of agricultural knowledge and cooking techniques.",
    "zh": "历史上的香料贸易连接了遥远的社会，并促进了农业知识与烹饪技术的交流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ground spices｜磨碎的香料",
   "spice trade｜香料贸易",
   "spice rack｜香料架",
   "spice up｜增添趣味；加香料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spicy (adj.)",
   "spiced (adj.)",
   "spiciness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "spice不一定辣；spice up也可指增添趣味。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spice"
 },
 {
  "w": "divorce",
  "uk": "/dɪˈvɔːs/",
  "us": "/dɪˈvɔːrs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "离婚",
    "en": "the legal ending of a marriage"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "与…离婚；离婚",
    "en": "to legally end a marriage"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使分离；使脱离",
    "en": "to separate something from something closely connected with it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They remained good friends even after their divorce.",
    "zh": "即使离婚后，他们仍是好朋友。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Economic growth cannot be divorced from environmental concerns when governments develop policies for sustainable urban expansion.",
    "zh": "政府制定城市可持续扩张政策时，不能将经济增长与环境问题割裂开来。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get a divorce｜办理离婚",
   "file for divorce｜提出离婚申请",
   "divorce something from something｜将某事与某事分离"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "divorced (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "divorce sb表示与某人离婚，不加with。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "divorce"
 },
 {
  "w": "pretend",
  "uk": "/prɪˈtend/",
  "us": "/prɪˈtend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "假装；佯装",
    "en": "to act as though something untrue is true"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "假想的；仿真的",
    "en": "imaginary or artificial, especially as part of children's play"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children pretended the sofa was a pirate ship.",
    "zh": "孩子们把沙发想象成一艘海盗船。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children who pretend to be different characters can develop empathy by exploring unfamiliar perspectives through play.",
    "zh": "孩子们在游戏中扮演不同角色、体验陌生视角，可以培养同理心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pretend to be｜假装是",
   "pretend not to notice｜假装没注意到",
   "pretend play｜假想游戏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pretence (n.)",
   "pretender (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "feign"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用pretend to do或pretend that，不用pretend doing。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pretend"
 },
 {
  "w": "dirt",
  "uk": "/dɜːt/",
  "us": "/dɝːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "污垢；灰尘",
    "en": "Unwanted material that makes something unclean"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "泥土",
    "en": "Loose earth, especially on the ground"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please wipe the dirt off your shoes before entering.",
    "zh": "进来之前，请把鞋上的泥污擦掉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular handwashing removes dirt and reduces the spread of infections in schools and other shared spaces.",
    "zh": "经常洗手可以去除污垢，减少学校及其他公共场所的感染传播。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remove dirt｜去除污垢",
   "covered in dirt｜沾满污垢",
   "dirt road｜土路"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dirty (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grime",
   "soil"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；表示“泥土”时多见于美式英语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dirt"
 },
 {
  "w": "corn",
  "uk": "/kɔːn/",
  "us": "/kɔːrn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "玉米",
    "en": "a tall crop with large heads of yellow edible seeds"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谷物；谷粒",
    "en": "grain crops such as wheat or barley, especially in British English"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We grilled fresh corn and served it with butter.",
    "zh": "我们烤了新鲜玉米，配着黄油一起吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers growing corn may need more efficient irrigation systems as droughts become increasingly frequent.",
    "zh": "随着干旱日益频繁，种植玉米的农民可能需要更高效的灌溉系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "corn on the cob｜玉米棒",
   "corn kernels｜玉米粒",
   "corn field｜玉米田",
   "corn oil｜玉米油"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "maize"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式corn通常指玉米；英式也可泛指谷物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "corn"
 },
 {
  "w": "organization",
  "uk": "/ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组织；机构；团体",
    "en": "A group of people working together for a shared purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组织工作；安排",
    "en": "The process of planning activities and arranging things efficiently."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She volunteers for an organization that rescues injured birds.",
    "zh": "她在一家救助受伤鸟类的机构做志愿者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International organizations can help governments coordinate their responses to environmental problems that extend beyond national borders.",
    "zh": "国际组织可以帮助各国政府协调应对跨越国界的环境问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a non-profit organization｜非营利组织",
   "an international organization｜国际组织",
   "the organization of an event｜活动的组织安排",
   "poor organization｜组织不善"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "organize (v.)",
   "organizer (n.)",
   "organizational (adj.)",
   "organized (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "institution",
   "association"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指机构时可数，指组织工作时不可数；英式也写organisation。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "organization"
 },
 {
  "w": "hammer",
  "uk": "/ˈhæmə/",
  "us": "/ˈhæmɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "锤子",
    "en": "A tool with a heavy head used for hitting things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "锤击；反复敲打",
    "en": "To hit something repeatedly, especially with a hammer"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She used a hammer to repair the wooden chair.",
    "zh": "她用锤子修好了那把木椅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During practical lessons, students learn to use a hammer safely while building simple wooden structures.",
    "zh": "在实践课上，学生通过搭建简单的木结构学习安全使用锤子。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a hammer and nails｜锤子和钉子",
   "hammer a nail｜用锤子钉钉子",
   "hammer out an agreement｜反复商讨达成协议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hammering (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词可指锤击；hammer out指商讨出方案等。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hammer"
 },
 {
  "w": "insist",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈsɪst/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈsɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "坚决要求；坚持主张",
    "en": "to demand something firmly despite disagreement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "坚持说；坚称",
    "en": "to state firmly that something is true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandparents insist on paying for lunch every time.",
    "zh": "我的祖父母每次都坚持要付午餐钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many parents insist that schools provide regular physical education, even when academic subjects compete for classroom time.",
    "zh": "即使文化课挤占课时，许多家长仍坚决要求学校定期开设体育课。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "insist on doing something｜坚持做某事",
   "insist that｜坚决要求；坚称",
   "insist on payment｜坚持要求付款"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "insistence (n.)",
   "insistent (adj.)",
   "insistently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "demand",
   "maintain"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用insist on doing，不用insist to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "insist"
 },
 {
  "w": "dust",
  "uk": "/dʌst/",
  "us": "/dʌst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灰尘；尘土",
    "en": "Fine, dry particles that settle on surfaces or float."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "擦去灰尘；掸灰",
    "en": "To remove dust from a surface."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "撒上少量粉末",
    "en": "To cover something lightly with a powder."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A thick layer of dust covered the old piano.",
    "zh": "那架旧钢琴上积了厚厚一层灰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Construction dust can reduce local air quality and cause breathing difficulties among nearby residents.",
    "zh": "施工扬尘会降低当地空气质量，并导致附近居民呼吸困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a layer of dust｜一层灰尘",
   "gather dust｜积灰；闲置不用",
   "dust the shelves｜掸去架子上的灰",
   "dust with flour｜撒上少量面粉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dusty (adj.)",
   "duster (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dust作动词既可指除尘，也可指撒粉，看宾语判断。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dust"
 },
 {
  "w": "afterward",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːftəwəd/",
  "us": "/ˈæftərwərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "之后；后来",
    "en": "at a later time, following an event already mentioned"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a film and discussed the ending afterward.",
    "zh": "我们看了一部电影，之后讨论了结局。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who review new material shortly afterward are more likely to remember it over the long term.",
    "zh": "学生学习新内容后若及时复习，就更有可能长期记住它。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shortly afterward｜不久之后",
   "soon afterward｜随后不久",
   "immediately afterward｜紧接着"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "afterwards",
   "later"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "beforehand"
  ],
  "tip": "美式常用afterward，英式更常用afterwards。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "afterward"
 },
 {
  "w": "rob",
  "uk": "/rɒb/",
  "us": "/rɑːb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抢劫；盗取财物",
    "en": "To take money or property illegally from someone or somewhere."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "剥夺；使丧失",
    "en": "To unfairly take away something valuable or important."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Someone tried to rob the shop near our house.",
    "zh": "有人试图抢劫我们家附近的商店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Long working hours can rob parents of valuable opportunities to spend time with their children.",
    "zh": "过长的工作时间可能使父母失去与孩子共度时光的宝贵机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rob a bank｜抢银行",
   "rob someone of something｜抢走某人某物",
   "rob someone of opportunities｜剥夺某人的机会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "robber (n.)",
   "robbery (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rob接人或地点；steal接被偷的物品。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rob"
 },
 {
  "w": "researcher",
  "uk": "/rɪˈsɜːtʃə/",
  "us": "/rɪˈsɜːrtʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "研究人员；研究者",
    "en": "Someone who studies a subject carefully to discover new information."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The researcher carefully examined the leaf under a microscope.",
    "zh": "研究人员用显微镜仔细观察了这片叶子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers are investigating how access to green spaces influences the mental health of urban residents.",
    "zh": "研究人员正在探究接触绿地如何影响城市居民的心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "medical researcher｜医学研究人员",
   "lead researcher｜首席研究员",
   "a team of researchers｜一组研究人员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "research (n.)",
   "research (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "investigator"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "researcher可数；research作名词通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "researcher"
 },
 {
  "w": "represent",
  "uk": "/ˌreprɪˈzent/",
  "us": "/ˌreprɪˈzent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "代表；代理",
    "en": "To speak or act officially for someone or a group."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "象征；描绘",
    "en": "To stand for or show someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "构成；相当于",
    "en": "To amount to something or form part of a whole."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My classmates chose me to represent them at the meeting.",
    "zh": "同学们选我代表他们参加会议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Elected councils should represent the interests of all residents, including those from disadvantaged backgrounds.",
    "zh": "民选议会应代表所有居民的利益，包括弱势群体的利益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "represent a country｜代表国家",
   "represent someone's interests｜代表某人的利益",
   "represent a significant proportion｜占很大比例"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "representation (n.)",
   "representative (n.)",
   "representative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stand for"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "represent是动词；on behalf of是“代表”的介词短语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "represent"
 },
 {
  "w": "exist",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzɪst/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "存在",
    "en": "To be real or present in the world."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "生存；勉强维生",
    "en": "To stay alive, especially with very limited resources."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Do you think creatures like these really exist?",
    "zh": "你觉得这样的生物真的存在吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Significant differences in access to healthcare still exist between rural communities and major urban centres.",
    "zh": "农村社区与主要城市中心在医疗服务的可及性方面仍存在显著差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "already exist｜已经存在",
   "continue to exist｜继续存在",
   "exist in nature｜存在于自然界",
   "exist on limited resources｜靠有限资源维生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "existence (n.)",
   "existing (adj.)",
   "existent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是不及物动词，不用被动语态；“不存在”用does not exist。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exist"
 },
 {
  "w": "rather",
  "uk": "/ˈrɑːðə/",
  "us": "/ˈræðər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "相当；颇",
    "en": "To a noticeable degree, often more than expected."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "宁愿；更愿意",
    "en": "Used with would to express a preference."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "更确切地说",
    "en": "Used to correct or make a previous statement more accurate."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This soup is rather salty, but the bread is delicious.",
    "zh": "这汤有点咸，不过面包很好吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many commuters would rather cycle to work if safer routes were available throughout the city.",
    "zh": "如果全市都有更安全的骑行路线，许多通勤者会更愿意骑车上班。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rather difficult｜相当困难",
   "would rather stay｜宁愿留下",
   "rather than｜而不是",
   "or rather｜更确切地说"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "quite",
   "somewhat"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "would rather后接动词原形；rather than意为“而不是”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rather"
 },
 {
  "w": "mention",
  "uk": "/ˈmenʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈmenʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提到；说起",
    "en": "to refer to someone or something briefly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "提及",
    "en": "a brief reference to someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Did you mention the broken window to the landlord?",
    "zh": "你向房东提过那扇坏了的窗户吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reports on urban transport often mention congestion but overlook the needs of people with limited mobility.",
    "zh": "城市交通报告经常提到拥堵，却忽视行动不便人群的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mention something to someone｜向某人提及某事",
   "mention that｜提到……",
   "make no mention of｜未提及",
   "not to mention｜更不用说"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "直接接所提内容：mention sth，不用 mention about。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mention"
 },
 {
  "w": "practical",
  "uk": "/ˈpræktɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpræktɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "实际操作的；实践的",
    "en": "involving real activities and experience rather than only ideas"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "实用的；可行的",
    "en": "useful or suitable for real situations"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "务实的；动手能力强的",
    "en": "good at solving everyday problems and making or repairing things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The course gave me practical experience in repairing bikes.",
    "zh": "这门课程让我获得了修理自行车的实践经验。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should combine academic learning with practical skills to prepare students for a changing workplace.",
    "zh": "学校应将学术学习与实用技能相结合，帮助学生为不断变化的职场做好准备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "practical experience｜实践经验",
   "practical skills｜实用技能",
   "practical solution｜可行的解决办法",
   "practical advice｜实用建议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "practically (adv.)",
   "practicality (n.)",
   "impractical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hands-on",
   "useful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "theoretical",
   "impractical"
  ],
  "tip": "practical可强调亲手实践，也可表示实用、可行。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "practical"
 },
 {
  "w": "wheat",
  "uk": "/wiːt/",
  "us": "/wiːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小麦",
    "en": "a cereal crop whose grain is commonly ground into flour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Golden wheat swayed in the field behind our house.",
    "zh": "我们屋后的田野里，金黄的小麦随风摇曳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged droughts can reduce wheat harvests, raising food prices and threatening food security in vulnerable regions.",
    "zh": "长期干旱会导致小麦减产，推高食品价格，并威胁脆弱地区的粮食安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grow wheat｜种植小麦",
   "wheat flour｜小麦粉",
   "wheat harvest｜小麦收成",
   "whole wheat｜全麦"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wheat通常不可数；一粒小麦用a grain of wheat。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wheat"
 },
 {
  "w": "shade",
  "uk": "/ʃeɪd/",
  "us": "/ʃeɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阴凉处；背阴",
    "en": "an area protected from direct sunlight"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "色调；颜色深浅",
    "en": "a particular form of a colour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "遮阳；遮蔽",
    "en": "to protect something from direct light"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We rested in the shade beneath a large tree.",
    "zh": "我们在一棵大树下的阴凉处休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting trees along urban streets provides shade and can reduce residents' exposure to extreme summer heat.",
    "zh": "沿城市街道种树可以提供荫凉，减少居民受到夏季酷热的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the shade｜在阴凉处",
   "provide shade｜提供荫凉",
   "a shade of blue｜一种蓝色调",
   "shade your eyes｜遮住眼睛挡光"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shady (adj.)",
   "shaded (adj.)",
   "shading (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "shade常指阴凉区域；shadow指物体投下的影子。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shade"
 },
 {
  "w": "recycling",
  "uk": "/ˌriːˈsaɪklɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌriːˈsaɪklɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "回收利用",
    "en": "the process of turning waste into materials usable again"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "待回收物品",
    "en": "waste materials collected to be processed and used again"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our building has separate bins for recycling and food waste.",
    "zh": "我们这栋楼分别设有回收物桶和厨余垃圾桶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective recycling programmes require convenient collection services as well as clear public guidance on sorting household waste.",
    "zh": "有效的回收利用计划既需要便利的收集服务，也需要向公众明确说明如何分类生活垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "recycling centre｜回收中心",
   "recycling bin｜回收物桶",
   "recycling scheme｜回收计划",
   "household recycling｜家庭废物回收"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recycle (v.)",
   "recycled (adj.)",
   "recyclable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；表示回收活动或待回收的物品。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recycling"
 },
 {
  "w": "semester",
  "uk": "/sɪˈmestə/",
  "us": "/sɪˈmestɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学期（学年两学期制）",
    "en": "one of the two main periods of an academic year"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'm taking a photography class at college this semester.",
    "zh": "这学期我在大学选修了一门摄影课。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Offering work placements during the final semester can help university students move successfully into employment.",
    "zh": "在最后一个学期提供实习机会，有助于大学生顺利就业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "first semester｜第一学期",
   "fall semester｜秋季学期",
   "semester break｜学期间的假期",
   "end of the semester｜学期末"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指一学年两学期中的一学期，不等于半年。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "semester"
 },
 {
  "w": "crying",
  "uk": "/ˈkraɪɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈkraɪɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "哭泣；哭声",
    "en": "the act or sound of shedding tears from emotion or pain"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "迫切的；极其明显的",
    "en": "extremely serious or obvious, especially when needing attention"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Soft crying came from the baby's room after midnight.",
    "zh": "午夜过后，婴儿房里传来轻轻的哭声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "There is a crying need for affordable childcare in communities where both parents work full time.",
    "zh": "在父母双方都全职工作的社区，迫切需要价格可负担的托育服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stop crying｜停止哭泣",
   "a crying need｜迫切的需求",
   "a crying shame｜极其遗憾的事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cry (v.)",
   "cry (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "weeping"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "也是cry的现在分词；a crying need指迫切需求。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crying"
 },
 {
  "w": "tortoise",
  "uk": "/ˈtɔːtəs/",
  "us": "/ˈtɔːrtəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陆龟",
    "en": "A land reptile with a hard shell and short legs."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tortoise slowly stretched its neck towards a lettuce leaf.",
    "zh": "陆龟慢慢伸长脖子，探向一片生菜叶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting natural habitats is essential for tortoise populations threatened by illegal trade and agricultural expansion.",
    "zh": "保护自然栖息地对受到非法贸易和农业扩张威胁的陆龟种群至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "giant tortoise｜巨型陆龟",
   "tortoise shell｜陆龟的壳",
   "pet tortoise｜宠物陆龟"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指陆龟；英式英语中turtle多指海龟。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tortoise"
 },
 {
  "w": "laboratory",
  "uk": "/ləˈbɒrətri/",
  "us": "/ˈlæbrətɔːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实验室；研究室",
    "en": "a room or building equipped for scientific work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We wore safety glasses inside the school laboratory.",
    "zh": "我们在学校实验室里戴着护目镜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in laboratory equipment enables university students to develop practical skills and conduct reliable experiments.",
    "zh": "投资实验室设备能让大学生培养实践技能并开展可靠的实验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "laboratory equipment｜实验室设备",
   "laboratory tests｜实验室检测",
   "research laboratory｜研究实验室"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "lab"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常缩写为lab；英美发音的重音位置不同。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "laboratory"
 },
 {
  "w": "otherwise",
  "uk": "/ˈʌðəwaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈʌðɚwaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "否则；不然",
    "en": "If this does not happen or is not done."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在其他方面",
    "en": "In all other ways apart from the one mentioned."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "以其他方式；不同地",
    "en": "In a different way or with a different result."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Take an umbrella; otherwise, you will get wet.",
    "zh": "带把伞吧，否则你会淋湿的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities must invest in reliable public transport; otherwise, more residents may choose to drive.",
    "zh": "城市必须投资建设可靠的公共交通，否则更多居民可能选择开车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unless otherwise stated｜除非另有说明",
   "think otherwise｜持不同看法",
   "otherwise healthy｜除此之外身体健康"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“否则”时，书面语常在前面用分号。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "otherwise"
 },
 {
  "w": "encourage",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈkɜːrɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "鼓励；给予信心",
    "en": "Give someone confidence or support to do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "促进；鼓励发展",
    "en": "Make an activity or development more likely"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister encouraged me to join the swimming club.",
    "zh": "姐姐鼓励我加入游泳俱乐部。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local governments can encourage cycling by providing safer routes and secure bicycle parking near workplaces.",
    "zh": "地方政府可以通过提供更安全的路线和工作场所附近的安全自行车停车设施来鼓励骑行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "encourage someone to do something｜鼓励某人做某事",
   "strongly encourage｜大力鼓励",
   "encourage participation｜鼓励参与"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "encouragement (n.)",
   "encouraging (adj.)",
   "encouraged (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "support",
   "motivate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "discourage"
  ],
  "tip": "用encourage sb to do sth表示鼓励某人做某事。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "encourage"
 },
 {
  "w": "unbelievable",
  "uk": "/ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl/",
  "us": "/ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "难以置信的",
    "en": "So surprising or unlikely that it is hard to believe."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；极糟的",
    "en": "Extremely good or bad, causing strong surprise."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The view from the mountain was unbelievable at sunrise.",
    "zh": "日出时山上的景色美得令人难以置信。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some online advertisements promise unbelievable results, making it difficult for consumers to distinguish evidence from exaggeration.",
    "zh": "一些网络广告承诺令人难以置信的效果，使消费者难以区分实证与夸大宣传。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an unbelievable story｜难以置信的故事",
   "unbelievable results｜惊人的效果",
   "unbelievable luck｜难以置信的好运"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "believe (v.)",
   "belief (n.)",
   "believable (adj.)",
   "unbelievably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "incredible",
   "astonishing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "believable"
  ],
  "tip": "既可表示不可信，也可口语强调极好或极糟。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unbelievable"
 },
 {
  "w": "slim",
  "uk": "/slɪm/",
  "us": "/slɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "苗条的；纤细的",
    "en": "having a thin, often attractive shape"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "微小的；渺茫的",
    "en": "very small in amount or likelihood"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "减肥；使缩减",
    "en": "to lose weight or reduce something in size"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This slim lamp fits neatly on my small desk.",
    "zh": "这盏细长的灯放在我的小书桌上正合适。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without reliable public transport, there is only a slim chance that commuters will stop driving.",
    "zh": "没有可靠的公共交通，通勤者放弃开车的可能性就很小。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a slim figure｜苗条的身材",
   "a slim chance｜渺茫的机会",
   "a slim majority｜微弱多数",
   "slim down｜减重；精简"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "slimness (n.)",
   "slimming (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "slender",
   "thin"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "thick"
  ],
  "tip": "形容身材多含褒义；slim chance指机会渺茫。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slim"
 },
 {
  "w": "millimetre",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪlɪmiːtə/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪləmiːtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "毫米",
    "en": "A unit of length equal to one thousandth of a metre"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shelf was just a millimetre too wide to fit.",
    "zh": "架子只宽了一毫米，却放不进去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even a few millimetres of sea level rise can increase flood risks for vulnerable coastal communities over time.",
    "zh": "随着时间推移，即使海平面仅上升几毫米，也会增加脆弱沿海社区的洪灾风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a millimetre thick｜一毫米厚",
   "a few millimetres｜几毫米",
   "measured in millimetres｜以毫米计量"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "缩写为mm；美式拼写为millimeter；一厘米等于十毫米。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "millimetre"
 },
 {
  "w": "planned",
  "uk": "/plænd/",
  "us": "/plænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "计划好的；预先安排的",
    "en": "arranged or decided before it happens"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "计划；筹划",
    "en": "made arrangements or decisions about a future action"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our planned picnic was cancelled because of heavy rain.",
    "zh": "我们原定的野餐因大雨取消了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The planned expansion of the railway network could reduce road congestion and improve access to employment.",
    "zh": "计划中的铁路网扩建可能缓解道路拥堵，并让人们更方便地前往工作地点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "planned expansion｜计划中的扩建",
   "planned maintenance｜计划性维护",
   "as planned｜按计划",
   "carefully planned｜精心策划的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plan (n.)",
   "plan (v.)",
   "planning (n.)",
   "planner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "scheduled",
   "arranged"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unplanned"
  ],
  "tip": "plan变planned需双写n；as planned意为按计划。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "planned"
 },
 {
  "w": "consist",
  "uk": "/kənˈsɪst/",
  "us": "/kənˈsɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "由…组成",
    "en": "to be formed from particular parts or members"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "在于",
    "en": "to have something as the essential feature"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our picnic lunch consists of sandwiches, fruit, and juice.",
    "zh": "我们的野餐午饭有三明治、水果和果汁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An effective recycling programme consists of convenient collection services and clear guidance for local residents.",
    "zh": "有效的回收计划包括便捷的收集服务和面向当地居民的明确指引。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "consist of｜由…组成",
   "consist mainly of｜主要由…组成",
   "consist in｜在于"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "consist of表组成，不用被动；consist in表在于。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consist"
 },
 {
  "w": "annual",
  "uk": "/ˈænjuəl/",
  "us": "/ˈænjuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "每年的；年度的",
    "en": "Happening once a year or relating to a whole year"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "年刊；年鉴",
    "en": "A book or magazine published once each year"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一年生植物",
    "en": "A plant that completes its life cycle within one year"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our annual family picnic was held beside the lake.",
    "zh": "我们一年一度的家庭野餐在湖边举行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The annual report provides useful evidence of how public funding has improved local transport services.",
    "zh": "年度报告提供了有用的证据，说明公共资金如何改善了当地交通服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "annual report｜年度报告",
   "annual income｜年收入",
   "annual leave｜年假",
   "annual event｜一年一度的活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "annually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "yearly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "annual 表示每年的；annually 是副词，意为每年。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "annual"
 },
 {
  "w": "symbol",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪmbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪmbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "象征；标志",
    "en": "Something that represents an idea, quality, or group."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "符号",
    "en": "A written mark used to represent information."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "For my grandparents, this old house is a symbol of hope.",
    "zh": "对我的祖父母来说，这座老房子是希望的象征。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public parks can become a symbol of a city's commitment to environmental protection and residents' quality of life.",
    "zh": "公共公园可以成为城市致力于环境保护和提升居民生活质量的象征。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a symbol of peace｜和平的象征",
   "a status symbol｜身份地位的象征",
   "a mathematical symbol｜数学符号"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "symbolic (adj.)",
   "symbolically (adv.)",
   "symbolise (v.)",
   "symbolism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“……的象征”用 a symbol of，不用 symbol for。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "symbol"
 },
 {
  "w": "painkiller",
  "uk": "/ˈpeɪnkɪlə/",
  "us": "/ˈpeɪnkɪlər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "止痛药",
    "en": "a medicine that reduces or removes pain"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pharmacist explained when I should take the painkiller.",
    "zh": "药剂师解释了我应该什么时候服用这种止痛药。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Patients should receive clear guidance on using painkillers safely, including information about possible side effects.",
    "zh": "患者应获得关于安全使用止痛药的明确指导，包括可能出现的副作用信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a painkiller｜服用止痛药",
   "prescribe painkillers｜开止痛药",
   "over-the-counter painkillers｜非处方止痛药"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pain (n.)",
   "painkilling (adj.)",
   "painful (adj.)",
   "painless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "analgesic"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；“服用止痛药”用take a painkiller。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "painkiller"
 },
 {
  "w": "select",
  "uk": "/sɪˈlekt/",
  "us": "/səˈlekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "选择；挑选",
    "en": "Choose someone or something carefully from available options."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "精选的；优等的",
    "en": "Carefully chosen for special quality or suitability."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please select a fresh apple from the basket.",
    "zh": "请从篮子里挑选一个新鲜的苹果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should select applicants using a range of criteria rather than relying entirely on examination results.",
    "zh": "大学应依据多种标准选拔申请者，而非完全依赖考试成绩。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "select a candidate｜挑选候选人",
   "select from a list｜从列表中选择",
   "select someone for a role｜选某人担任角色",
   "a select group｜精选的一群人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "selection (n.)",
   "selective (adj.)",
   "selectively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "choose",
   "pick"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "select 比 choose 正式，常强调仔细挑选。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "select"
 },
 {
  "w": "connection",
  "uk": "/kəˈnekʃən/",
  "us": "/kəˈnekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "联系；关联",
    "en": "a relationship between people, things, or ideas"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "连接；接通",
    "en": "a link that allows devices or systems to work together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "换乘；接续交通工具",
    "en": "a further bus, train, or flight taken during a journey"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our internet connection stopped working during the storm.",
    "zh": "暴风雨期间，我们的网络连接中断了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers have found a strong connection between regular physical activity and improved mental health among young adults.",
    "zh": "研究人员发现，经常进行体育活动与年轻成年人心理健康改善之间存在密切联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a connection between｜……之间的联系",
   "internet connection｜网络连接",
   "miss a connection｜错过换乘",
   "in connection with｜与……有关"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "connect (v.)",
   "connected (adj.)",
   "connectivity (n.)",
   "disconnect (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "link",
   "relationship"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示两者的联系用connection between A and B。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "connection"
 },
 {
  "w": "neighboring",
  "uk": "/ˈneɪbərɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈneɪbərɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "邻近的；相邻的",
    "en": "located next to or near another place"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We borrowed a ladder from the neighboring farm.",
    "zh": "我们从邻近的农场借来了一架梯子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Neighboring countries can reduce environmental damage by coordinating river management and sharing information about industrial pollution.",
    "zh": "邻国可以通过协调河流管理、共享工业污染信息来减少环境破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "neighboring countries｜邻国",
   "neighboring villages｜邻近的村庄",
   "neighboring areas｜周边地区"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "neighbor (n.)",
   "neighborhood (n.)",
   "neighborly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "nearby",
   "adjacent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "distant"
  ],
  "tip": "这是美式拼写；英式为neighbouring，通常放名词前。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "neighboring"
 },
 {
  "w": "combine",
  "uk": "/kəmˈbaɪn/",
  "us": "/kəmˈbaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "结合；使联合",
    "en": "To bring things together or join to form a whole."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "联合收割机",
    "en": "A farm machine that harvests grain and separates the seeds."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Combine the flour and butter in a large bowl.",
    "zh": "把面粉和黄油放在一个大碗里混合。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities can combine improved public transport with safer cycling routes to reduce dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "城市可以将公共交通改善与更安全的骑行路线建设相结合，减少对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "combine A with B｜把A与B结合",
   "combine efforts｜合力",
   "combine theory and practice｜理论与实践相结合"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "combination (n.)",
   "combined (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "join",
   "merge"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "separate"
  ],
  "tip": "动词重音在后；收割机名词读/ˈkɒmbaɪn/。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "combine"
 },
 {
  "w": "ideal",
  "uk": "/aɪˈdɪəl/",
  "us": "/aɪˈdiːəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "理想的；最合适的",
    "en": "perfect or the best possible for a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "理想；理想标准",
    "en": "a belief or standard of perfection someone aims to achieve"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This quiet corner is ideal for reading after lunch.",
    "zh": "这个安静的角落最适合午饭后看书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An ideal public transport system would be affordable, reliable, and accessible to residents of all ages.",
    "zh": "理想的公共交通系统应价格合理、运行可靠，并方便各年龄段居民使用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ideal for｜最适合……的",
   "ideal conditions｜理想条件",
   "an ideal solution｜理想的解决方案",
   "live up to an ideal｜达到理想标准"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ideally (adv.)",
   "idealism (n.)",
   "idealist (n.)",
   "idealistic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "perfect",
   "optimal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ideal for后接名词或动名词，表示最适合某用途。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ideal"
 },
 {
  "w": "alphabetical",
  "uk": "/ˌælfəˈbetɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˌælfəˈbetɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "按字母顺序的",
    "en": "arranged in the order of the alphabet"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please put these names in alphabetical order before lunch.",
    "zh": "请在午饭前把这些姓名按字母顺序排列。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An alphabetical index helps students locate specific topics quickly in a lengthy reference book.",
    "zh": "按字母顺序编排的索引有助于学生在厚重的参考书中快速找到特定主题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "alphabetical order｜字母顺序",
   "alphabetical list｜按字母排序的列表",
   "alphabetical index｜字母顺序索引"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "alphabet (n.)",
   "alphabetically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用in alphabetical order表示按字母顺序。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alphabetical"
 },
 {
  "w": "gap",
  "uk": "/ɡæp/",
  "us": "/ɡæp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缺口；间隙",
    "en": "An empty space between things or within something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "差距；分歧",
    "en": "A difference between people, groups, or situations."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "间隔；中断",
    "en": "A period when something stops or does not happen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitten squeezed through a gap in the fence.",
    "zh": "小猫从篱笆的一个缺口钻了过去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving access to affordable education could narrow the gap between wealthy households and disadvantaged communities.",
    "zh": "让更多人获得负担得起的教育，可以缩小富裕家庭与弱势社区之间的差距。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a gap in the fence｜篱笆上的缺口",
   "narrow the gap｜缩小差距",
   "the generation gap｜代沟",
   "a gap year｜间隔年"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gapped (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "两者间的差距用 gap between A and B。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gap"
 },
 {
  "w": "rowing",
  "uk": "/ˈrəʊɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈroʊɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "划船；赛艇运动",
    "en": "The activity or sport of moving a boat with oars."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister goes rowing on the lake every Saturday.",
    "zh": "我姐姐每周六都去湖上划船。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools that offer rowing can help students develop physical fitness, coordination, and a strong sense of teamwork.",
    "zh": "开设赛艇课程的学校可以帮助学生增强体能、协调能力和团队意识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go rowing｜去划船",
   "a rowing club｜赛艇俱乐部",
   "a rowing machine｜划船机",
   "a rowing team｜赛艇队"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "row (v.)",
   "rower (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "划船的row读/rəʊ/；争吵的row读/raʊ/。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rowing"
 },
 {
  "w": "thanksgiving",
  "uk": "/ˌθæŋksˈɡɪvɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌθæŋksˈɡɪvɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "感恩；感恩祈祷",
    "en": "The expression of gratitude, especially in prayer."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "感恩节",
    "en": "A holiday for expressing gratitude, celebrated in the US and Canada."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They held a small thanksgiving ceremony after the harvest.",
    "zh": "收获后，他们举行了一场小型感恩仪式。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In some countries, Thanksgiving brings families together and encourages reflection on the importance of community support.",
    "zh": "在一些国家，感恩节让家人团聚，也促使人们思考社区互助的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in thanksgiving for｜为感谢……",
   "a prayer of thanksgiving｜感恩祷告",
   "Thanksgiving dinner｜感恩节晚餐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thank (v.)",
   "thankful (adj.)",
   "thankfully (adv.)",
   "thanks (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指节日时首字母大写；泛指感恩时用小写。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thanksgiving"
 },
 {
  "w": "nightgown",
  "uk": "/ˈnaɪtɡaʊn/",
  "us": "/ˈnaɪtɡaʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "睡裙",
    "en": "a loose dress worn in bed, usually by women or girls"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She packed a cotton nightgown for her weekend trip.",
    "zh": "她为周末旅行带了一件棉质睡裙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For patients with limited mobility, a loose nightgown can make dressing easier and improve comfort during hospital stays.",
    "zh": "对于行动不便的患者，宽松的睡裙能使穿衣更方便，也能提高住院期间的舒适度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cotton nightgown｜棉质睡裙",
   "silk nightgown｜丝质睡裙",
   "loose nightgown｜宽松睡裙"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "nightdress"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指裙式睡衣；英式也常用nightdress，不是两件式睡衣。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nightgown"
 },
 {
  "w": "powder",
  "uk": "/ˈpaʊdə/",
  "us": "/ˈpaʊdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "粉；粉末",
    "en": "A dry substance consisting of very small loose particles."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……搽粉；撒粉",
    "en": "To put a layer of powder on something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Stir the cocoa powder into a little warm milk.",
    "zh": "把可可粉搅入少量温牛奶中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some manufacturers turn surplus fruit into powder to extend its shelf life and reduce food waste.",
    "zh": "一些生产商将多余的水果制成果粉，以延长保质期并减少食物浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "washing powder｜洗衣粉",
   "baking powder｜泡打粉",
   "fine powder｜细粉",
   "cocoa powder｜可可粉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "powdery (adj.)",
   "powdered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "powder通常不可数；一勺粉用a spoonful of powder。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "powder"
 },
 {
  "w": "politician",
  "uk": "/ˌpɒləˈtɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌpɑːləˈtɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "政治家；政客",
    "en": "Someone whose work involves politics, especially an elected government member."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A local politician visited our neighbourhood to discuss transport.",
    "zh": "一位当地政治人物来到我们社区讨论交通问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Politicians should consult local communities before making decisions that could affect access to public services.",
    "zh": "政治人物在作出可能影响公共服务获取的决定前，应征求当地社区的意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a local politician｜地方政治人物",
   "an elected politician｜民选政治人物",
   "a senior politician｜资深政治人物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "politics (n.)",
   "political (adj.)",
   "politically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "politician指从政者，本身不一定含贬义。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "politician"
 },
 {
  "w": "bucket",
  "uk": "/ˈbʌkɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈbʌkɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "桶；一桶的量",
    "en": "An open container with a handle, or the amount it holds."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She filled a bucket with water to wash the windows.",
    "zh": "她装了一桶水，准备用来擦窗户。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Collecting rainwater in a bucket can help households reduce the amount of drinking water used for gardening.",
    "zh": "用桶收集雨水可以帮助家庭减少园艺活动中的饮用水用量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bucket of water｜一桶水",
   "fill a bucket｜装满一只桶",
   "mop and bucket｜拖把和水桶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "pail"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一桶水用a bucket of water，of后接所装物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bucket"
 },
 {
  "w": "medal",
  "uk": "/ˈmedəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmedəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奖牌；勋章",
    "en": "A metal award given for achievement, service, or bravery."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She proudly showed us her first swimming medal.",
    "zh": "她自豪地向我们展示了她的第一枚游泳奖牌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Winning an international medal can encourage young athletes to pursue sport as a professional career.",
    "zh": "赢得国际赛事奖牌能鼓励年轻运动员将体育作为职业来追求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "win a medal｜赢得奖牌",
   "gold medal｜金牌",
   "silver medal｜银牌",
   "bronze medal｜铜牌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "medallist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "medal是奖牌；metal是金属，注意拼写区别。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "medal"
 },
 {
  "w": "source",
  "uk": "/sɔːs/",
  "us": "/sɔːrs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "来源；源头",
    "en": "A place, person, or thing that something comes from."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "资料来源；消息来源",
    "en": "A person or document that provides information."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "寻找并获取",
    "en": "To find and obtain something from a particular supplier."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We followed the stream uphill to find its source.",
    "zh": "我们沿着小溪向山上走，寻找它的源头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should compare several independent sources before drawing conclusions about the effects of social media.",
    "zh": "研究人员在对社交媒体的影响下结论之前，应比较多个独立的资料来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a source of income｜收入来源",
   "a reliable source｜可靠的消息来源",
   "source materials locally｜在当地采购材料"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "origin"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "来源常用source of；作动词可用source…from…。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "source"
 },
 {
  "w": "stressful",
  "uk": "/ˈstresfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈstresfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人紧张的；压力大的",
    "en": "Causing worry or mental strain"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Moving house was stressful, but our friends helped.",
    "zh": "搬家让人压力很大，但朋友们帮了忙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Long commutes can make working life more stressful and leave less time for family activities.",
    "zh": "长时间通勤会增加工作生活的压力，并减少与家人活动的时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a stressful situation｜令人紧张的处境",
   "a stressful job｜压力大的工作",
   "a stressful experience｜令人紧张的经历"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stress (n.)",
   "stress (v.)",
   "stressed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "demanding",
   "nerve-racking"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "relaxing"
  ],
  "tip": "stressful形容压力来源；stressed形容人的感受。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stressful"
 },
 {
  "w": "telescope",
  "uk": "/ˈtelɪskəʊp/",
  "us": "/ˈtelɪskoʊp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "望远镜",
    "en": "An instrument that makes distant objects appear closer and clearer"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "压缩；缩短",
    "en": "To fit events or activities into a shorter period"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "套叠伸缩",
    "en": "To slide overlapping sections into or out of each other"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the moon through a telescope on the balcony.",
    "zh": "我们在阳台上用望远镜观察月亮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Space telescopes allow scientists to study distant galaxies without interference from the Earth's atmosphere.",
    "zh": "太空望远镜让科学家能够不受地球大气干扰地研究遥远的星系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "look through a telescope｜用望远镜观察",
   "space telescope｜太空望远镜",
   "radio telescope｜射电望远镜",
   "telescope something into｜把某事压缩到"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "telescopic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "观星常用telescope；双筒望远镜通常叫binoculars。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "telescope"
 },
 {
  "w": "prove",
  "uk": "/pruːv/",
  "us": "/pruːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "证明；证实",
    "en": "Show that something is true using evidence"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "结果是；证明是",
    "en": "Turn out to be a particular thing or quality"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These photos prove that our dog opened the cupboard.",
    "zh": "这些照片证明是我们的狗打开了橱柜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Long-term studies may prove that regular exercise improves concentration as well as physical health.",
    "zh": "长期研究可能证实，经常锻炼既能改善注意力，也能增强身体健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prove a point｜证明一个观点",
   "prove effective｜证明有效",
   "prove someone wrong｜证明某人错了"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "proof (n.)",
   "proven (adj.)",
   "provable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "demonstrate",
   "establish"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disprove"
  ],
  "tip": "prove可接that从句，也可直接接形容词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prove"
 },
 {
  "w": "bubble",
  "uk": "/ˈbʌbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈbʌbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "气泡；泡",
    "en": "a round pocket of gas inside liquid or a thin film"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "冒泡；沸腾",
    "en": "to produce bubbles or make a sound as bubbles rise"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经济泡沫",
    "en": "a period when asset prices rise beyond their real value"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A huge soap bubble floated gently above the garden.",
    "zh": "一个巨大的肥皂泡轻轻飘在花园上方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A housing bubble can leave families with heavy debts when property prices suddenly fall.",
    "zh": "当房价突然下跌时，房地产泡沫可能使家庭背上沉重债务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "soap bubble｜肥皂泡",
   "air bubble｜气泡",
   "housing bubble｜房地产泡沫",
   "burst a bubble｜戳破泡泡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bubbly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bubble既指气泡，也可比喻资产价格泡沫。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bubble"
 },
 {
  "w": "decorate",
  "uk": "/ˈdekəreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈdekəreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "装饰；布置",
    "en": "to make something more attractive by adding beautiful things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "粉刷；装修",
    "en": "to paint walls or cover them with wallpaper"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We decorated the balcony with colourful pots and tiny lights.",
    "zh": "我们用彩色花盆和小灯装饰了阳台。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Allowing students to decorate shared learning spaces may increase their sense of ownership and responsibility.",
    "zh": "允许学生装饰公共学习空间，可能增强他们的主人翁意识和责任感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "decorate with flowers｜用花装饰",
   "decorate a room｜装饰房间",
   "beautifully decorated｜装饰精美的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "decoration (n.)",
   "decorative (adj.)",
   "decorator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adorn",
   "embellish"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "decorate A with B表示用B装饰A。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "decorate"
 },
 {
  "w": "stew",
  "uk": "/stjuː/",
  "us": "/stuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "炖菜；炖肉",
    "en": "A dish of meat or vegetables cooked slowly in liquid."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "炖；煨",
    "en": "To cook slowly in liquid over gentle heat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared a bowl of vegetable stew after our walk.",
    "zh": "散步后，我们一起吃了一碗炖蔬菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional stews can provide affordable, nutritious meals while making effective use of locally grown vegetables.",
    "zh": "传统炖菜可以充分利用本地种植的蔬菜，提供经济实惠又营养丰富的餐食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "beef stew｜炖牛肉",
   "vegetable stew｜炖蔬菜",
   "stew gently｜用小火炖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stewed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "stew既可指炖菜，也可作动词表示慢炖。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stew"
 },
 {
  "w": "inventor",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈventə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈventər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发明家；发明者",
    "en": "someone who creates a device or process not previously existing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The inventor showed us a lamp powered by sunlight.",
    "zh": "这位发明家向我们展示了一盏太阳能灯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Inventors often need financial support to turn promising ideas into practical technologies that benefit society.",
    "zh": "发明者往往需要资金支持，才能把有前景的想法转化为造福社会的实用技术。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a brilliant inventor｜杰出的发明家",
   "the inventor of｜……的发明者",
   "an aspiring inventor｜有志成为发明家的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "invent (v.)",
   "invention (n.)",
   "inventive (adj.)",
   "inventiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "inventor创造新事物；discoverer发现已有事物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inventor"
 },
 {
  "w": "Manila",
  "uk": "/məˈnɪlə/",
  "us": "/məˈnɪlə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "马尼拉（菲律宾首都）",
    "en": "The capital city of the Philippines."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our flight landed in Manila just before sunset.",
    "zh": "我们的航班在日落前不久降落在马尼拉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal cities such as Manila need resilient infrastructure to reduce the risks associated with flooding.",
    "zh": "马尼拉等沿海城市需要有韧性的基础设施，以降低洪水带来的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Manila Bay｜马尼拉湾",
   "central Manila｜马尼拉市中心",
   "a flight to Manila｜飞往马尼拉的航班"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "城市名须大写；小写manila通常指马尼拉纸等材料。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "按所给城市义将首字母改为大写：Manila。",
  "id": "manila"
 },
 {
  "w": "illegal",
  "uk": "/ɪˈliːɡəl/",
  "us": "/ɪˈliːɡəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "非法的；违法的",
    "en": "Not allowed by law"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It is illegal to park here overnight without permission.",
    "zh": "未经许可在这里通宵停车是违法的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stronger international cooperation is needed to prevent illegal fishing and protect vulnerable marine ecosystems.",
    "zh": "需要加强国际合作，以防止非法捕捞并保护脆弱的海洋生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "illegal activity｜违法活动",
   "illegal trade｜非法贸易",
   "illegal fishing｜非法捕捞",
   "make something illegal｜将某事定为违法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "legal (adj.)",
   "illegally (adv.)",
   "illegality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unlawful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "legal",
   "lawful"
  ],
  "tip": "常用句型：It is illegal to do sth.。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "illegal"
 },
 {
  "w": "championship",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃæmpiənʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃæmpiənʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "锦标赛",
    "en": "a competition to decide the best player or team"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冠军称号；冠军地位",
    "en": "the position or title of being a champion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our school team reached the final of the championship.",
    "zh": "我们校队打进了锦标赛的决赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hosting an international championship can attract visitors, but the cost of new facilities may burden local taxpayers.",
    "zh": "举办国际锦标赛可以吸引游客，但新建设施的费用可能加重当地纳税人的负担。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "win a championship｜赢得冠军",
   "world championship｜世界锦标赛",
   "championship title｜冠军头衔"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "champion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指争夺冠军的赛事，也可指冠军头衔。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "championship"
 },
 {
  "w": "occasion",
  "uk": "/əˈkeɪʒən/",
  "us": "/əˈkeɪʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "某次；场合",
    "en": "a particular time when something happens"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "特殊活动；盛会",
    "en": "an important or special event"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "机会；时机",
    "en": "a suitable opportunity to do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I have met your sister on several occasions.",
    "zh": "我见过你姐姐好几次。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community festivals provide an occasion for residents from different backgrounds to share traditions and build friendships.",
    "zh": "社区节庆让不同背景的居民有机会分享传统、建立友谊。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on several occasions｜好几次",
   "a special occasion｜特殊场合",
   "on occasion｜偶尔",
   "rise to the occasion｜成功应对挑战"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "occasional (adj.)",
   "occasionally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“在某次场合”用on，不用in。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "occasion"
 },
 {
  "w": "friendship",
  "uk": "/ˈfrendʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈfrendʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "友谊；朋友关系",
    "en": "a relationship between people who like and support each other"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our friendship began when we shared a school desk.",
    "zh": "我们的友谊始于上学时做同桌的日子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Close friendship can improve mental health by providing emotional support during periods of stress.",
    "zh": "亲密的友谊可以在压力时期提供情感支持，从而改善心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "close friendship｜亲密的友谊",
   "form a friendship｜建立友谊",
   "lasting friendship｜持久的友谊",
   "a bond of friendship｜友谊的纽带"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "friend (n.)",
   "friendly (adj.)",
   "befriend (v.)",
   "friendliness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "enmity"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指友谊不可数；具体一段友谊可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "friendship"
 },
 {
  "w": "efficient",
  "uk": "/ɪˈfɪʃənt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈfɪʃənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "高效的；节省资源的",
    "en": "Working well without wasting time, energy, or resources."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our new washing machine is quieter and more efficient.",
    "zh": "我们的新洗衣机更安静，也更节能。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An efficient public transport network allows cities to move more people while consuming less energy.",
    "zh": "高效的公共交通网络使城市能够以更低的能耗运送更多乘客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "energy-efficient buildings｜节能建筑",
   "efficient use of resources｜高效利用资源",
   "highly efficient｜效率很高的",
   "efficient service｜高效的服务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "efficiency (n.)",
   "efficiently (adv.)",
   "inefficient (adj.)",
   "inefficiency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "inefficient"
  ],
  "tip": "efficient强调少浪费；effective强调达到预期效果。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "efficient"
 },
 {
  "w": "appearance",
  "uk": "/əˈpɪərəns/",
  "us": "/əˈpɪrəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "外貌；外观",
    "en": "the way someone or something looks"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "出现；露面",
    "en": "an occasion when someone or something becomes visible or present"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A fresh coat of paint transformed the room's appearance.",
    "zh": "重新刷了一层漆，房间的面貌焕然一新。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should assess candidates on their skills and experience rather than judging them by their appearance.",
    "zh": "雇主应根据应聘者的技能和经验进行评估，而不是以貌取人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "physical appearance｜外貌",
   "make an appearance｜露面",
   "outward appearance｜外表",
   "improve the appearance of｜改善……的外观"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "appear (v.)",
   "disappear (v.)",
   "disappearance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "looks"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "外貌与露面都可用appearance；露面常用make an appearance。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "appearance"
 },
 {
  "w": "nut",
  "uk": "/nʌt/",
  "us": "/nʌt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "坚果",
    "en": "A hard-shelled fruit with an edible seed inside."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "螺母；螺帽",
    "en": "A small metal piece screwed onto a bolt to fasten things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She cracked a nut and shared the kernel with me.",
    "zh": "她敲开一颗坚果，把果仁分给我吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Nuts provide useful nutrients, although schools must consider food allergies when planning meals for children.",
    "zh": "坚果能提供有益的营养物质，但学校为儿童安排餐食时必须考虑食物过敏问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mixed nuts｜混合坚果",
   "nut allergy｜坚果过敏",
   "tighten a nut｜拧紧螺母",
   "nuts and bolts｜螺母和螺栓；基本细节"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nutty (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "食物和五金中的nut都是可数名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nut"
 },
 {
  "w": "perfectly",
  "uk": "/ˈpɜːfɪktli/",
  "us": "/ˈpɝːfɪktli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "完美地；毫无差错地",
    "en": "In a way that has no faults or mistakes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "完全；十分",
    "en": "Completely; used to emphasize a description."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new curtains match our sofa perfectly.",
    "zh": "新窗帘和我们的沙发非常相配。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It is perfectly reasonable for residents to expect reliable public services in return for their taxes.",
    "zh": "居民纳税后期望获得可靠的公共服务，是完全合理的。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fit perfectly｜完全合适",
   "work perfectly｜运转无误",
   "perfectly reasonable｜完全合理",
   "perfectly clear｜十分清楚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perfect (adj.)",
   "perfection (n.)",
   "perfectionist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "flawlessly",
   "completely"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "imperfectly"
  ],
  "tip": "perfectly clear意为十分清楚，不译作完美地清楚。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "perfectly"
 },
 {
  "w": "captain",
  "uk": "/ˈkæptɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈkæptɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "队长；船长；机长",
    "en": "The leader of a team or person commanding a vessel."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "担任队长；率领",
    "en": "To lead a team or command a ship."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陆军上尉；海军上校",
    "en": "An officer holding a particular rank in the armed forces."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our captain gathered the team before the final match.",
    "zh": "决赛前，我们的队长把全队召集到一起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A team captain can encourage cooperation by ensuring that every player feels valued and included.",
    "zh": "队长可以通过确保每位队员都感到受到重视和接纳来促进合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "team captain｜队长",
   "ship's captain｜船长",
   "captain a team｜率领一支队伍"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "captaincy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "军衔含义随军种变化；海军中通常指上校。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "captain"
 },
 {
  "w": "canoe",
  "uk": "/kəˈnuː/",
  "us": "/kəˈnuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "独木舟；划桨小舟",
    "en": "a narrow, light boat moved using paddles"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "划独木舟",
    "en": "to travel across water in a canoe"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We paddled our canoe across the lake before sunset.",
    "zh": "日落前，我们划着独木舟穿过了湖面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors who explore wetlands by canoe can observe wildlife quietly without the disturbance caused by motorboats.",
    "zh": "乘独木舟探索湿地的游客可以安静地观察野生动物，避免摩托艇带来的干扰。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "paddle a canoe｜划独木舟",
   "go canoeing｜去划独木舟",
   "hire a canoe｜租一条独木舟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "canoeing (n.)",
   "canoeist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "虽译作独木舟，现代canoe不一定由木头制成。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "canoe"
 },
 {
  "w": "proper",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒpə/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "适当的；正确的",
    "en": "Suitable or correct for a particular purpose or situation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "像样的；真正的",
    "en": "Real or satisfactory, rather than incomplete or inadequate."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严格意义上的；本身的",
    "en": "Strictly understood, excluding surrounding or related things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You need proper shoes for walking on rocky paths.",
    "zh": "在碎石小路上走，你需要穿合适的鞋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Workers should receive proper training before operating machinery that could pose a risk to their safety.",
    "zh": "工人在操作可能危及自身安全的机器前，应接受适当培训。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "proper training｜适当的培训",
   "proper care｜妥善照料",
   "a proper meal｜一顿像样的饭",
   "the city proper｜市区本身"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "properly (adv.)",
   "improper (adj.)",
   "improperly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "appropriate",
   "suitable",
   "correct"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "improper",
   "inappropriate"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“本身的”时放名词后，如the city proper。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "proper"
 },
 {
  "w": "dialog",
  "uk": "/ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/",
  "us": "/ˈdaɪəlɔːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "对话；对白",
    "en": "A conversation, especially between characters in a story or play."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "对话；意见交流",
    "en": "Discussion between people or groups to improve understanding."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "对话框",
    "en": "A small computer window requesting information or a choice."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The actors practised their dialog before stepping onto the stage.",
    "zh": "演员们上台前练习了对白。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Open dialog between local authorities and residents can help resolve disagreements about new housing developments.",
    "zh": "地方政府与居民之间的公开对话有助于解决有关新住宅开发项目的分歧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "open dialog｜公开对话",
   "dialog between groups｜群体间的对话",
   "dialog box｜对话框"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "dialogue",
   "conversation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dialog是美式变体；英式通常用dialogue。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dialog"
 },
 {
  "w": "typewriter",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪpraɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪpraɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "打字机",
    "en": "A machine with keys that print characters directly onto paper."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather still uses a typewriter to write short stories.",
    "zh": "我祖父仍然用打字机写短篇故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before computers became widespread, the typewriter was an essential tool in offices and newsrooms.",
    "zh": "在电脑普及之前，打字机是办公室和新闻编辑室的必备工具。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "manual typewriter｜手动打字机",
   "electric typewriter｜电动打字机",
   "typewriter ribbon｜打字机色带"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "type (v.)",
   "typist (n.)",
   "typing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "typewriter指打字机器，typist指打字员。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "typewriter"
 },
 {
  "w": "softly",
  "uk": "/ˈsɒftli/",
  "us": "/ˈsɔːftli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "轻声地",
    "en": "in a quiet voice or with little noise"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "轻柔地；柔和地",
    "en": "in a gentle way without force or harshness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She spoke softly so the sleeping baby would not wake.",
    "zh": "她轻声说话，以免吵醒熟睡的婴儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In hospital wards, staff should speak softly at night to help patients rest and recover.",
    "zh": "在医院病房里，工作人员夜间应轻声说话，帮助患者休息和康复。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "speak softly｜轻声说话",
   "whisper softly｜低声耳语",
   "softly lit｜光线柔和的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "soft (adj.)",
   "softness (n.)",
   "soften (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gently",
   "quietly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "loudly"
  ],
  "tip": "softly强调轻柔或低声；不等于缓慢地。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "softly"
 },
 {
  "w": "permanent",
  "uk": "/ˈpɜːmənənt/",
  "us": "/ˈpɝːmənənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "永久的；长期不变的",
    "en": "Lasting indefinitely rather than for a limited time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "长期雇用的；正式的",
    "en": "Employed without a fixed end date."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hot pan left a permanent mark on the table.",
    "zh": "滚烫的锅在桌上留下了无法去除的印痕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in flood prevention can reduce the risk of permanent damage to homes and public infrastructure.",
    "zh": "投资防洪措施可以降低住房和公共基础设施遭受永久性损害的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "permanent damage｜永久性损害",
   "permanent resident｜永久居民",
   "permanent job｜长期工作",
   "permanent address｜固定住址"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "permanently (adv.)",
   "permanence (n.)",
   "impermanent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lasting"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "temporary"
  ],
  "tip": "permanent job指无固定结束日期的工作，不保证终身任职。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "permanent"
 },
 {
  "w": "contest",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒntest/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːntest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "比赛；竞争",
    "en": "an event or struggle in which people compete to win"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "质疑；对……提出异议",
    "en": "to formally challenge a decision, claim, or result"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "争夺；参加竞选",
    "en": "to compete for a position, prize, or political seat"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin won a baking contest with her lemon cake.",
    "zh": "我表姐凭她做的柠檬蛋糕赢得了烘焙比赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Citizens should have access to affordable legal advice when they wish to contest an official decision.",
    "zh": "公民希望对官方决定提出异议时，应能获得价格合理的法律咨询。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enter a contest｜参加比赛",
   "a close contest｜势均力敌的比赛",
   "contest a decision｜对决定提出异议",
   "contest an election｜参加竞选"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contestant (n.)",
   "contested (adj.)",
   "uncontested (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "competition",
   "challenge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在首音节；动词重音在第二音节。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contest"
 },
 {
  "w": "host",
  "uk": "/həʊst/",
  "us": "/hoʊst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "主人；主持人",
    "en": "someone who welcomes guests or presents a programme or event"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "主办；主持；招待",
    "en": "to organise an event, present a programme, or receive guests"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大量；许多",
    "en": "a large number of people or things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our host welcomed us with warm bread and tea.",
    "zh": "主人用热面包和茶欢迎我们。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities that host international sporting events often invest heavily in transport infrastructure and visitor accommodation.",
    "zh": "举办国际体育赛事的城市往往在交通基础设施和游客住宿方面投入大量资金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "host country｜东道国",
   "host an event｜举办活动",
   "a host of problems｜一大堆问题",
   "television host｜电视节目主持人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hosting (n.)",
   "hostess (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "guest"
  ],
  "tip": "a host of后接复数名词，表示“大量”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "host"
 },
 {
  "w": "agreed",
  "uk": "/əˈɡriːd/",
  "us": "/əˈɡriːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "商定的；达成一致的",
    "en": "accepted or decided by everyone involved"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We met outside the station at the agreed time.",
    "zh": "我们在商定的时间于车站外见了面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "All participating countries should follow the agreed targets to ensure that collective efforts reduce carbon emissions.",
    "zh": "所有参与国都应遵循商定的目标，确保共同努力能够减少碳排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "agreed time｜商定的时间",
   "agreed terms｜商定的条款",
   "agreed price｜议定价格",
   "be agreed on｜就……达成一致"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "agree (v.)",
   "agreement (n.)",
   "disagree (v.)",
   "disagreement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "settled"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "the agreed price指议定价格；Agreed!可表示赞同。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "agreed"
 },
 {
  "w": "spare",
  "uk": "/speə/",
  "us": "/sper/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "备用的；空闲的",
    "en": "extra and available to use when needed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抽出；分出",
    "en": "to give time or resources that you can make available"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使免遭；饶恕",
    "en": "to prevent someone from experiencing harm or difficulty"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I keep a spare umbrella in my car.",
    "zh": "我在车里放了一把备用伞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who can spare a few hours each week could support local charities through regular volunteering.",
    "zh": "每周能抽出几个小时的人，可以通过定期做志愿者来支持当地慈善机构。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spare time｜空闲时间",
   "spare key｜备用钥匙",
   "spare parts｜备件",
   "spare a moment｜抽出一点时间"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "spare time是空闲时间；spare作动词可指抽出。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spare"
 },
 {
  "w": "diagram",
  "uk": "/ˈdaɪəɡræm/",
  "us": "/ˈdaɪəɡræm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "示意图；图解",
    "en": "a simple drawing showing how something works or is arranged"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用图解表示",
    "en": "to explain or represent something using a simple drawing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The diagram shows how to put the shelves together.",
    "zh": "这张示意图展示了如何组装架子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A clear diagram can help students understand complex biological processes more effectively than a lengthy explanation.",
    "zh": "一张清晰的示意图能比冗长的讲解更有效地帮助学生理解复杂的生物过程。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "draw a diagram｜画示意图",
   "a labelled diagram｜带标注的示意图",
   "a flow diagram｜流程图"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "diagrammatic (adj.)",
   "diagrammatically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "illustration"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "侧重结构或原理的图解，不等同于数据图表。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diagram"
 },
 {
  "w": "sunblock",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌnblɒk/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌnblɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "防晒霜",
    "en": "A cream or lotion that protects skin from sunlight."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Put some sunblock on your shoulders before swimming.",
    "zh": "游泳前在肩膀上涂些防晒霜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using sunblock alongside protective clothing can reduce skin damage during prolonged exposure to sunlight.",
    "zh": "长时间暴露在阳光下时，涂抹防晒霜并穿戴防护衣物可以减少皮肤损伤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apply sunblock｜涂防晒霜",
   "wear sunblock｜涂着防晒霜",
   "water-resistant sunblock｜防水防晒霜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "sunscreen"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；名称不意味着能完全阻挡紫外线。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sunblock"
 },
 {
  "w": "kayak",
  "uk": "/ˈkaɪæk/",
  "us": "/ˈkaɪæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "皮艇",
    "en": "A narrow boat moved with a paddle having two blades."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "划皮艇",
    "en": "To travel across water in a kayak."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She paddled her kayak gently across the quiet lake.",
    "zh": "她轻轻划着皮艇穿过平静的湖面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Exploring coastal areas by kayak allows tourists to enjoy natural scenery without producing engine noise.",
    "zh": "乘皮艇探索沿海地区，让游客能在不产生发动机噪声的情况下欣赏自然风光。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sea kayak｜海上皮艇",
   "paddle a kayak｜划皮艇",
   "go kayaking｜去划皮艇"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "kayaking (n.)",
   "kayaker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "kayak通常用双叶桨；canoe通常用单叶桨。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kayak"
 },
 {
  "w": "outfit",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊtfɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊtfɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "全套服装",
    "en": "A set of clothes worn together for a particular occasion."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "装备；配备",
    "en": "To provide someone or something with necessary equipment or clothes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "团队；公司",
    "en": "A group or organization working together, used informally."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She chose a bright outfit for her birthday party.",
    "zh": "她为自己的生日聚会挑了一套鲜艳的衣服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should outfit science laboratories with modern equipment so that students can develop practical research skills.",
    "zh": "学校应为科学实验室配备现代设备，让学生能够培养实际研究技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "casual outfit｜休闲装",
   "matching outfit｜搭配协调的全套服装",
   "outfit something with equipment｜为某物配备设备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "outfitter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一套衣服可说an outfit；动词常接with。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outfit"
 },
 {
  "w": "closet",
  "uk": "/ˈklɒzɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈklɑːzɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "壁橱；储藏间",
    "en": "A cupboard or small enclosed space for storing clothes or belongings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "隐藏身份或兴趣的",
    "en": "Keeping a particular identity, belief, or interest secret"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I hung my winter coat in the hallway closet.",
    "zh": "我把冬季外套挂进了走廊的壁橱里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small apartments can feel more spacious when residents organise belongings efficiently and make better use of closet space.",
    "zh": "如果住户高效整理物品，更充分地利用壁橱空间，小公寓也会显得更宽敞。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "built-in closet｜嵌入式壁橱",
   "walk-in closet｜步入式衣帽间",
   "closet space｜壁橱空间"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cupboard"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "衣物收纳义多见于美式英语；英式常用wardrobe。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "closet"
 },
 {
  "w": "heading",
  "uk": "/ˈhedɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈhedɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "标题；小标题",
    "en": "words introducing the subject of a document or section"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "航向",
    "en": "the direction in which a ship or aircraft travels"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Write a clear heading at the top of your page.",
    "zh": "在页面顶部写一个清晰的标题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear headings help readers locate relevant information quickly, making lengthy academic reports easier to navigate and understand.",
    "zh": "清晰的小标题帮助读者快速找到相关信息，让长篇学术报告更便于查阅和理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a section heading｜章节标题",
   "a main heading｜主标题",
   "under the heading｜在该标题下"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "head (n.)",
   "subheading (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "title"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "heading常指章节标题；headline多指新闻标题。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "heading"
 },
 {
  "w": "basis",
  "uk": "/ˈbeɪsɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈbeɪsɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "基础；依据",
    "en": "The main facts or ideas supporting something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方式；频率",
    "en": "The arrangement or frequency according to which something happens."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These fresh vegetables form the basis of our soup.",
    "zh": "这些新鲜蔬菜是我们这锅汤的主要食材。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable evidence should provide the basis for government decisions about public health and environmental protection.",
    "zh": "可靠的证据应成为政府作出公共卫生和环境保护决策的依据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on a daily basis｜每天",
   "on the basis of｜根据",
   "form the basis of｜构成……的基础",
   "a sound basis｜坚实的基础"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "foundation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为bases；on a daily basis意为每天。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "basis"
 },
 {
  "w": "biologist",
  "uk": "/baɪˈɒlədʒɪst/",
  "us": "/baɪˈɑːlədʒɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生物学家",
    "en": "A scientist who studies living things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The biologist carefully examined a frog beside the pond.",
    "zh": "那位生物学家在池塘边仔细观察一只青蛙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A marine biologist can help coastal communities understand how pollution affects local fish populations.",
    "zh": "海洋生物学家可以帮助沿海社区了解污染如何影响当地鱼类种群。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "marine biologist｜海洋生物学家",
   "wildlife biologist｜野生生物学家",
   "evolutionary biologist｜进化生物学家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "biology (n.)",
   "biological (adj.)",
   "biologically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "研究海洋生物的专家称为marine biologist。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "biologist"
 },
 {
  "w": "employ",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈplɔɪ/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈplɔɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "雇用",
    "en": "Pay someone to work for you."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使用；采用",
    "en": "Use a method, skill, or resource for a purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery employs three people from our neighbourhood.",
    "zh": "这家面包店雇用了我们街区的三个人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can employ a range of practical activities to help students understand complex scientific concepts.",
    "zh": "教师可以采用一系列实践活动，帮助学生理解复杂的科学概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "employ staff｜雇用员工",
   "employ someone as｜雇用某人担任",
   "employ a strategy｜采用策略"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "employment (n.)",
   "employer (n.)",
   "employee (n.)",
   "unemployed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hire",
   "use"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "employ既可指雇人，也可正式地表示采用方法。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "employ"
 },
 {
  "w": "cage",
  "uk": "/keɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/keɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "笼子",
    "en": "a container with bars or wire for keeping animals inside"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把……关进笼子",
    "en": "to put or keep an animal in a cage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rabbit's cage has fresh hay and clean water.",
    "zh": "兔笼里有新鲜的干草和干净的水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Animal welfare groups argue that small cages prevent birds from flying freely and expressing natural behaviour.",
    "zh": "动物福利组织认为，小笼子使鸟类无法自由飞翔和表现自然行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bird cage｜鸟笼",
   "wire cage｜铁丝笼",
   "keep in a cage｜关在笼子里"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "caged (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in a cage表示在笼中；caged birds指笼养鸟。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cage"
 },
 {
  "w": "mood",
  "uk": "/muːd/",
  "us": "/muːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "心情；情绪",
    "en": "the way someone feels at a particular time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "气氛；氛围",
    "en": "the feeling that a place, event, or artwork creates"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A short walk usually puts me in a better mood.",
    "zh": "散一小会儿步通常就能让我的心情好一些。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to green spaces can improve residents' mood and encourage more positive interactions within urban communities.",
    "zh": "能够享用绿地可以改善居民心情，促进城市社区内更积极的互动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in a good mood｜心情好",
   "in the mood for｜有心情做……",
   "mood swings｜情绪波动",
   "set the mood｜营造气氛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "moody (adj.)",
   "moodiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in the mood for后接名词；接动词用to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mood"
 },
 {
  "w": "sight",
  "uk": "/saɪt/",
  "us": "/saɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "视力；视觉",
    "en": "The ability to see."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "看见；视野",
    "en": "The act of seeing or the area that can be seen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "景象；名胜",
    "en": "Something seen, especially something impressive or worth visiting."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her sight improved after she got new glasses.",
    "zh": "她配了新眼镜后看得更清楚了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular eye examinations can help preserve sight by detecting problems before they cause permanent damage.",
    "zh": "定期眼部检查能在问题造成永久损伤前将其发现，从而帮助保护视力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lose one's sight｜失明",
   "out of sight｜在视野之外",
   "at first sight｜乍一看",
   "the sights｜名胜景点"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sighted (adj.)",
   "sightless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "vision",
   "eyesight"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "视力通常不可数；表示名胜常用复数sights。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sight"
 },
 {
  "w": "install",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈstɔːl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈstɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "安装；设置",
    "en": "to put equipment or software in place for use"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "正式任命；使就职",
    "en": "to formally place someone in an important position"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hired an electrician to install the new ceiling fan.",
    "zh": "我们请了一位电工来安装新吊扇。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools need sufficient funding to install reliable internet connections and maintain essential digital equipment.",
    "zh": "学校需要充足的资金来安装可靠的网络连接，并维护必要的数字设备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "install software｜安装软件",
   "install solar panels｜安装太阳能板",
   "install an alarm｜安装警报器"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "installation (n.)",
   "installer (n.)",
   "reinstall (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fit",
   "set up"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uninstall"
  ],
  "tip": "下载是download；下载后安装才是install。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "install"
 },
 {
  "w": "historian",
  "uk": "/hɪˈstɔːriən/",
  "us": "/hɪˈstɔːriən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "历史学家；史学研究者",
    "en": "Someone who studies or writes about the past."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The historian examined an old map under a lamp.",
    "zh": "这位历史学家在灯下仔细查看一张旧地图。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historians use a range of sources to explain how industrialisation transformed everyday life in urban communities.",
    "zh": "历史学家利用多种资料解释工业化如何改变城市社区的日常生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a leading historian｜杰出的历史学家",
   "a social historian｜社会史学家",
   "a historian of science｜科学史学家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "history (n)",
   "historical (adj)",
   "historically (adv)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "historian指研究者；historical表示与历史有关。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "historian"
 },
 {
  "w": "annoy",
  "uk": "/əˈnɔɪ/",
  "us": "/əˈnɔɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使恼怒；使烦躁",
    "en": "To make someone feel slightly angry or irritated."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Those dripping taps annoy me when I try to sleep.",
    "zh": "我想睡觉时，那些滴水的水龙头让我心烦。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Frequent online advertisements can annoy users and discourage them from returning to otherwise useful educational websites.",
    "zh": "频繁的网络广告会让用户感到烦躁，使他们不愿再次访问原本有用的教育网站。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "annoy someone｜惹某人生气",
   "annoyed with someone｜生某人的气",
   "annoying habit｜烦人的习惯"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "annoyed (adj.)",
   "annoying (adj.)",
   "annoyance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "irritate",
   "bother"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "please"
  ],
  "tip": "人感到烦用annoyed；事物令人烦用annoying。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "annoy"
 },
 {
  "w": "further",
  "uk": "/ˈfɜːðə/",
  "us": "/ˈfɝːðɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "进一步；更远地",
    "en": "to a greater degree or a more distant place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "更多的；进一步的",
    "en": "additional or more advanced"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "促进；推进",
    "en": "to help something develop or succeed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked further along the beach before stopping.",
    "zh": "我们沿着海滩又走了一段才停下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Further research is needed to understand how urban green spaces affect residents' mental health.",
    "zh": "还需要进一步研究，才能了解城市绿地如何影响居民的心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "further information｜更多信息",
   "further research｜进一步研究",
   "discuss further｜进一步讨论",
   "further your career｜促进职业发展"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "further可指程度或距离；farther主要指距离。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "further"
 },
 {
  "w": "check-up",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃek ʌp/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃek ʌp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体检；健康检查",
    "en": "a medical examination to assess your general health"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I booked a check-up because I felt unusually tired.",
    "zh": "我因为感到异常疲倦，预约了一次体检。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular check-ups can help doctors detect health problems before they require more expensive treatment.",
    "zh": "定期体检有助于医生在健康问题需要更昂贵的治疗之前发现它们。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "annual check-up｜年度体检",
   "dental check-up｜牙齿检查",
   "routine check-up｜常规体检"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "check (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "medical examination"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "check-up是名词；check up on意为查看或核查。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "check-up"
 },
 {
  "w": "stressed",
  "uk": "/strest/",
  "us": "/strest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "焦虑的；压力大的",
    "en": "Feeling worried and unable to relax"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "重读的",
    "en": "Pronounced with greater emphasis than surrounding sounds"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "受应力的",
    "en": "Experiencing physical force that may cause strain or damage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt stressed before my first driving lesson.",
    "zh": "第一次上驾驶课之前，我感到很紧张。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who feel stressed during examinations may benefit from regular exercise and adequate sleep.",
    "zh": "在考试期间感到焦虑的学生，可能会从规律运动和充足睡眠中受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel stressed｜感到有压力",
   "stressed about exams｜为考试焦虑",
   "a stressed syllable｜重读音节",
   "highly stressed components｜承受高应力的部件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stress (n.)",
   "stress (v.)",
   "stressful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "anxious",
   "tense"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "relaxed",
   "unstressed"
  ],
  "tip": "也可作stress的过去式或过去分词，表示“强调”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stressed"
 },
 {
  "w": "enjoyable",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人愉快的；有趣的",
    "en": "Giving pleasure or making you feel happy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cooking class was enjoyable, especially making fresh pasta.",
    "zh": "这堂烹饪课很有趣，尤其是制作新鲜意面的时候。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Making physical activity enjoyable can encourage children to develop healthy habits that continue into adulthood.",
    "zh": "让体育活动充满乐趣，可以鼓励儿童养成延续至成年的健康习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enjoyable experience｜愉快的经历",
   "enjoyable activity｜有趣的活动",
   "highly enjoyable｜非常令人愉快的",
   "an enjoyable evening｜愉快的夜晚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enjoy (v.)",
   "enjoyment (n.)",
   "enjoyably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pleasant",
   "pleasurable",
   "fun"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unpleasant"
  ],
  "tip": "形容活动令人愉快用 enjoyable，不用 enjoyed。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enjoyable"
 },
 {
  "w": "series",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪəriːz/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪriːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一系列；连续的一组",
    "en": "several related things or events following one another"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "系列节目；丛书",
    "en": "a set of programmes or books sharing characters or a subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A series of small delays made us miss lunch.",
    "zh": "接连几次小耽搁让我们错过了午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The university introduced a series of workshops to help students evaluate information found on social media.",
    "zh": "这所大学推出了一系列研讨课，帮助学生评估社交媒体上的信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a series of events｜一连串事件",
   "a television series｜电视系列节目",
   "a lecture series｜系列讲座"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单复数同形：a series；two series。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "series"
 },
 {
  "w": "sweat",
  "uk": "/swet/",
  "us": "/swet/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汗；汗水",
    "en": "Liquid produced by your skin when hot or nervous."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "出汗",
    "en": "To produce liquid through your skin."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sweat ran down my face during the steep climb.",
    "zh": "爬那段陡坡时，汗水顺着我的脸流下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who exercise in hot weather lose water through sweat and should drink regularly.",
    "zh": "在炎热天气里锻炼的人会因出汗而流失水分，应定时饮水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "break into a sweat｜突然出汗",
   "wipe away sweat｜擦去汗水",
   "sweat heavily｜大量出汗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sweaty (adj.)",
   "sweating (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "perspiration"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "汗水通常不可数；出一身汗可说a sweat。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sweat"
 },
 {
  "w": "particular",
  "uk": "/pəˈtɪkjələ/",
  "us": "/pərˈtɪkjələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "特定的；某一的",
    "en": "used to refer to one specific person, thing, or situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "特别的；格外的",
    "en": "greater or more noticeable than usual"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "讲究的；挑剔的",
    "en": "having strong preferences and being difficult to satisfy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Are you looking for any particular book today?",
    "zh": "你今天是在找某一本特定的书吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should pay particular attention to students who lack access to digital resources at home.",
    "zh": "学校应特别关注那些在家中无法获得数字资源的学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a particular reason｜某个特定原因",
   "particular attention｜特别关注",
   "in particular｜尤其；特别",
   "particular about｜对……很讲究"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "particularly (adv.)",
   "particulars (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "specific",
   "fussy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "general"
  ],
  "tip": "in particular意为尤其；be particular about表示对……讲究。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "particular"
 },
 {
  "w": "hunt",
  "uk": "/hʌnt/",
  "us": "/hʌnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "狩猎；猎捕",
    "en": "to chase wild animals to catch or kill them"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "搜寻；寻找",
    "en": "to search carefully for someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "搜寻；狩猎",
    "en": "an organised search or an activity involving chasing wild animals"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hunted for my keys under the sofa.",
    "zh": "我们在沙发底下找我的钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When natural habitats shrink, predators may hunt closer to farms, increasing conflict between wildlife and local communities.",
    "zh": "自然栖息地缩小时，捕食动物可能到更靠近农场的地方捕猎，加剧野生动物与当地社区的冲突。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hunt for food｜觅食",
   "hunt for a job｜找工作",
   "a treasure hunt｜寻宝活动",
   "hunt wild animals｜猎捕野生动物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hunter (n.)",
   "hunting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "猎捕动物可直接接宾语；寻找物品常用hunt for。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hunt"
 },
 {
  "w": "lead",
  "uk": "/liːd/",
  "us": "/liːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "带领；引导；导致",
    "en": "To guide people or cause something to happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领先地位；优势",
    "en": "The position of being ahead of others"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铅",
    "en": "A soft, heavy, grey metal that can be poisonous"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our guide led us safely through the forest.",
    "zh": "向导带着我们安全地穿过了森林。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poor access to public transport can lead to greater dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "公共交通不便可能导致人们更加依赖私家车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lead to｜导致",
   "lead a team｜带领团队",
   "take the lead｜取得领先",
   "lead poisoning｜铅中毒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "leader (n.)",
   "leadership (n.)",
   "leading (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "guide"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "铅读/led/；动词读/liːd/，过去式和过去分词为led。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lead"
 },
 {
  "w": "ignore",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈnɔː/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈnɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "忽视；不理睬",
    "en": "Pay no attention to someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't ignore that strange noise from the engine.",
    "zh": "请别忽视发动机发出的那种怪声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments cannot ignore the long-term effects of air pollution on children's health and development.",
    "zh": "政府不能忽视空气污染对儿童健康与发育的长期影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ignore a warning｜无视警告",
   "ignore the evidence｜无视证据",
   "completely ignore｜完全不理会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ignorance (n.)",
   "ignorant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disregard"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "notice",
   "heed"
  ],
  "tip": "直接接宾语；不表示法律上的“驳回诉讼”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ignore"
 },
 {
  "w": "regularly",
  "uk": "/ˈreɡjələli/",
  "us": "/ˈreɡjələrli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "经常；定期地",
    "en": "often or at repeated intervals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "均匀地；有规律地",
    "en": "with equal spaces or a consistent pattern"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We regularly walk along the river after dinner.",
    "zh": "我们经常晚饭后沿着河边散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who exercise regularly are more likely to maintain good physical health as they grow older.",
    "zh": "经常锻炼的人随着年龄增长，更有可能保持良好的身体健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exercise regularly｜经常锻炼",
   "check regularly｜定期检查",
   "regularly updated｜定期更新的",
   "regularly spaced｜间距均匀的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "regular (adj.)",
   "regularity (n.)",
   "irregular (adj.)",
   "irregularly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "frequently",
   "routinely"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "irregularly"
  ],
  "tip": "可表示经常，也可表示固定间隔；不一定指每天。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "regularly"
 },
 {
  "w": "babysitter",
  "uk": "/ˈbeɪbisɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈbeɪbisɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "临时照看孩子的人",
    "en": "Someone who temporarily looks after children while their parents are away."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The babysitter read a story while the children ate.",
    "zh": "孩子们吃东西时，临时保姆给他们读了一个故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Finding a reliable babysitter can help parents balance occasional evening commitments with their childcare responsibilities.",
    "zh": "找到可靠的临时保姆，可以帮助父母兼顾偶尔的晚间事务和照顾孩子的责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hire a babysitter｜雇用临时保姆",
   "reliable babysitter｜可靠的临时保姆",
   "find a babysitter｜找人临时照看孩子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "babysit (v.)",
   "babysitting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指临时照看孩子的人，不只照顾婴儿。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "babysitter"
 },
 {
  "w": "urgent",
  "uk": "/ˈɜːdʒənt/",
  "us": "/ˈɝːdʒənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "紧急的；急迫的",
    "en": "Needing immediate attention or action"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The plumber came quickly because the leak was urgent.",
    "zh": "漏水急需处理，所以水管工很快就赶来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "There is an urgent need for affordable housing as urban populations continue to grow.",
    "zh": "随着城市人口持续增长，人们迫切需要负担得起的住房。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "urgent action｜紧急行动",
   "an urgent need｜迫切的需要",
   "urgent medical attention｜紧急医疗救治"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "urgency (n.)",
   "urgently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pressing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "non-urgent"
  ],
  "tip": "urgent强调必须立即处理，不仅是重要。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "urgent"
 },
 {
  "w": "fasten",
  "uk": "/ˈfɑːsən/",
  "us": "/ˈfæsən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "扣紧；系牢；固定",
    "en": "to close or attach something securely"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please fasten your seat belt before we leave.",
    "zh": "出发前请系好安全带。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Passengers must fasten their seat belts during takeoff and landing to reduce the risk of injury.",
    "zh": "乘客在飞机起飞和降落时必须系好安全带，以降低受伤风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fasten a seat belt｜系好安全带",
   "fasten a button｜扣好纽扣",
   "fasten securely｜牢牢固定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fastener (n.)",
   "unfasten (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "secure",
   "attach"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfasten",
   "undo"
  ],
  "tip": "t不发音；反义词unfasten表示解开。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fasten"
 },
 {
  "w": "role",
  "uk": "/rəʊl/",
  "us": "/roʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "作用；职责",
    "en": "The function or responsibility someone or something has."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "角色",
    "en": "A character played by an actor in a performance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My role is to welcome guests at the door.",
    "zh": "我的职责是在门口迎接客人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries play an important role in providing equal access to information and educational resources.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆在提供平等获取信息和教育资源的机会方面发挥着重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play a role in｜在……中起作用",
   "a key role｜关键作用",
   "take on a role｜承担职责",
   "a leading role｜主角"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“在……中起作用”用play a role in。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "role"
 },
 {
  "w": "survive",
  "uk": "/səˈvaɪv/",
  "us": "/sɚˈvaɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "幸存；存活",
    "en": "stay alive despite danger, illness, or hardship"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "继续存在；挺过",
    "en": "continue to exist after difficulties or changes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "比…活得长",
    "en": "live longer than another person"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our little cactus survived three weeks without water.",
    "zh": "我们的小仙人掌三个星期没浇水也活下来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses are more likely to survive economic downturns when they maintain strong relationships with local customers.",
    "zh": "小企业若与本地顾客保持牢固联系，就更有可能挺过经济低迷期。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "survive an accident｜在事故中幸存",
   "survive on｜靠…维生",
   "survive a crisis｜挺过危机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "survival (n.)",
   "survivor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "perish"
  ],
  "tip": "表示从事故中幸存，直接说survive an accident。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "survive"
 },
 {
  "w": "balance",
  "uk": "/ˈbæləns/",
  "us": "/ˈbæləns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "平衡；均衡",
    "en": "A steady position or a suitable mixture of different things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "保持平衡；兼顾",
    "en": "To keep something steady or give competing needs suitable attention"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "账户余额；结欠款",
    "en": "The money remaining in an account or still owed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She lost her balance while stepping off the bus.",
    "zh": "她下公交车时失去了平衡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must balance the demand for affordable housing with the need to protect green spaces.",
    "zh": "政府必须兼顾人们对可负担住房的需求和保护绿地的需要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep your balance｜保持平衡",
   "strike a balance｜取得平衡",
   "work-life balance｜工作与生活的平衡",
   "bank balance｜银行账户余额"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "balanced (adj.)",
   "unbalanced (adj.)",
   "imbalance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "equilibrium"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "imbalance"
  ],
  "tip": "兼顾两者用balance A with B；均衡饮食用balanced。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "balance"
 },
 {
  "w": "cheat",
  "uk": "/tʃiːt/",
  "us": "/tʃiːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "作弊",
    "en": "To break rules dishonestly to gain an unfair advantage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "欺骗；骗取",
    "en": "To deceive someone to obtain something unfairly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "作弊者；骗子",
    "en": "A person who acts dishonestly to gain an advantage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin cheated by hiding cards under the table.",
    "zh": "我的表亲把牌藏在桌子下面作弊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can discourage students from cheating by designing assessments that reward original thinking rather than memorisation.",
    "zh": "学校可以设计注重独立思考而非死记硬背的考核，减少学生作弊。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cheat in an exam｜考试作弊",
   "cheat at cards｜打牌作弊",
   "cheat someone out of money｜骗取某人的钱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cheating (n.)",
   "cheater (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cheat someone out of something指骗走某人的某物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cheat"
 },
 {
  "w": "lizard",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪzəd/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪzərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蜥蜴",
    "en": "a reptile with a long tail, usually with four legs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiny lizard rested on the warm garden wall.",
    "zh": "一只小蜥蜴趴在花园里温暖的墙上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting rocky habitats helps preserve lizard populations, which play an important role in controlling insects.",
    "zh": "保护岩石栖息地有助于维持蜥蜴种群，它们在控制昆虫数量方面发挥着重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "small lizard｜小蜥蜴",
   "lizard species｜蜥蜴物种",
   "lizard habitat｜蜥蜴栖息地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lizard是可数名词，复数为lizards。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lizard"
 },
 {
  "w": "departure",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpɑːtʃə/",
  "us": "/dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "离开；出发",
    "en": "The act of leaving a place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "背离；改变",
    "en": "A change from what is usual or expected."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We packed our bags the night before departure.",
    "zh": "我们在出发前一晚收拾好了行李。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The new housing policy represents a significant departure from previous approaches to urban development.",
    "zh": "这项新的住房政策与以往的城市发展思路有了显著不同。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "departure time｜出发时间",
   "departure lounge｜候机厅",
   "a departure from tradition｜对传统的突破"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "depart (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "arrival"
  ],
  "tip": "departure from可指“从……出发”或“背离……”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "departure"
 },
 {
  "w": "economy",
  "uk": "/ɪˈkɒnəmi/",
  "us": "/ɪˈkɑːnəmi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经济；经济体",
    "en": "the system of producing, trading, and using goods and services"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "节约；节省",
    "en": "careful use of money, time, or resources to avoid waste"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Tourists support the local economy by shopping here.",
    "zh": "游客在这里购物，为当地经济提供支持。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in renewable energy can strengthen the economy while reducing dependence on imported fuels.",
    "zh": "投资可再生能源可以增强经济实力，同时减少对进口燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local economy｜地方经济",
   "global economy｜全球经济",
   "boost the economy｜提振经济",
   "fuel economy｜燃油经济性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "economic (adj.)",
   "economical (adj.)",
   "economist (n.)",
   "economise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "economic指经济的；economical指节省的、划算的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "economy"
 },
 {
  "w": "security",
  "uk": "/sɪˈkjʊərəti/",
  "us": "/səˈkjʊrəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "安全；安全保障",
    "en": "Protection against danger, crime, loss, or unwanted access"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "安保人员；保安工作",
    "en": "People or activities responsible for protecting a place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "稳定；保障",
    "en": "Freedom from worries about losing money, work, or essential support"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We fitted stronger locks to improve our home security.",
    "zh": "我们安装了更坚固的锁，以加强家中的安全防护。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Organisations must strengthen data security to protect personal information as more services move online.",
    "zh": "随着更多服务转移到线上，各机构必须加强数据安全，以保护个人信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "security measures｜安全措施",
   "data security｜数据安全",
   "job security｜工作保障",
   "security guard｜保安"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "secure (adj.)",
   "secure (v.)",
   "securely (adv.)",
   "insecurity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "protection",
   "safety"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "insecurity"
  ],
  "tip": "security侧重防范威胁；safety更广指免受危险。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "security"
 },
 {
  "w": "culture",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌltʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌltʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文化；习俗",
    "en": "the shared beliefs, customs and ways of life of a group"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文化艺术活动",
    "en": "activities involving art, music, literature and other creative work"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "培养物",
    "en": "cells or microorganisms grown under controlled conditions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sharing traditional meals helps children learn about their culture.",
    "zh": "分享传统餐食有助于孩子了解自己的文化。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving local culture can strengthen community identity while allowing residents to benefit from international exchange.",
    "zh": "保护本土文化可以增强社区认同，同时让居民受益于国际交流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local culture｜本土文化",
   "cultural exchange｜文化交流",
   "popular culture｜流行文化",
   "bacterial culture｜细菌培养物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cultural (adj.)",
   "culturally (adv.)",
   "multicultural (adj.)",
   "cultured (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指文化通常不可数；不同文化可用cultures。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "culture"
 },
 {
  "w": "personality",
  "uk": "/ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/",
  "us": "/ˌpɜːrsəˈnæləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "个性；性格",
    "en": "the qualities that shape how someone thinks, feels, and behaves"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "个人魅力",
    "en": "lively or appealing qualities that make someone interesting"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "名人",
    "en": "a well-known person, especially in entertainment or broadcasting"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her cheerful personality makes everyone feel welcome at dinner.",
    "zh": "她开朗的性格让每位来吃饭的人都感到受欢迎。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should recognise that differences in personality can influence how students participate in group activities.",
    "zh": "学校应认识到，性格差异会影响学生参与集体活动的方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "outgoing personality｜外向的性格",
   "personality traits｜性格特征",
   "strong personality｜鲜明的个性",
   "television personality｜电视名人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "person (n.)",
   "personal (adj.)",
   "personally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "character"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指性格时可数；have personality指有个人魅力。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "personality"
 },
 {
  "w": "defeat",
  "uk": "/dɪˈfiːt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈfiːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "击败；战胜",
    "en": "to win against someone in a competition or conflict"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "失败；失利",
    "en": "an occasion when someone loses a competition or conflict"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挫败；使落空",
    "en": "to prevent a plan or aim from succeeding"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our team defeated the champions in a thrilling final.",
    "zh": "我们队在一场激动人心的决赛中击败了冠军队。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although electoral defeat can damage a political party, it may also encourage necessary changes in leadership and policy.",
    "zh": "尽管选举失利会对政党造成打击，但也可能促使其对领导层和政策作出必要调整。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "defeat an opponent｜击败对手",
   "suffer a defeat｜遭遇失败",
   "admit defeat｜承认失败",
   "defeat the purpose｜使目的落空"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "defeated (adj.)",
   "undefeated (adj.)",
   "defeatist (n.)",
   "defeatism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "beat",
   "overcome"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "victory"
  ],
  "tip": "defeat后接对手；win后接比赛、奖项等。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "defeat"
 },
 {
  "w": "shot",
  "uk": "/ʃɒt/",
  "us": "/ʃɑt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "射击；射门；投篮",
    "en": "an act of firing a weapon or sending a ball"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "照片；镜头",
    "en": "a photograph or a continuous piece of filmed action"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尝试",
    "en": "an attempt to achieve or do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her final shot sent the ball into the net.",
    "zh": "她最后一脚射门把球踢进了球网。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A carefully chosen shot can communicate the effects of environmental damage more powerfully than statistics.",
    "zh": "一张精心挑选的照片，比统计数据更能有力地传达环境破坏的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a shot｜射门；拍照",
   "a close-up shot｜特写镜头",
   "give it a shot｜试一试",
   "a shot at success｜成功的机会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shoot (v.)",
   "shooting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "attempt",
   "photograph"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "give it a shot表示试一试；shot也是shoot的过去式。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shot"
 },
 {
  "w": "junior",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒuːniə/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒuːniər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "职位较低的；初级的",
    "en": "Having a lower rank or less experience in an organisation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "青少年的；年少的",
    "en": "Intended for younger people or involving them"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "低年级学生；较年幼者",
    "en": "A younger person, or a student below the final year"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our junior chef prepares vegetables before the restaurant opens.",
    "zh": "我们餐厅的初级厨师在开门营业前准备蔬菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies should provide junior employees with structured training and regular opportunities to learn from experienced colleagues.",
    "zh": "公司应为初级员工提供系统培训，并定期安排他们向经验丰富的同事学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "junior staff｜初级员工",
   "junior position｜初级职位",
   "junior championship｜青少年锦标赛"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "senior"
  ],
  "tip": "职位或年龄比较用junior to，不用junior than。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "junior"
 },
 {
  "w": "global",
  "uk": "/ˈɡləʊbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈɡloʊbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "全球的；世界性的",
    "en": "Involving or affecting the whole world."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "整体的；全面的",
    "en": "Considering all parts of something rather than individual details."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher showed us a map of global temperatures.",
    "zh": "老师给我们看了一张全球气温分布图。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Global cooperation is essential for tackling climate change because environmental damage rarely respects national borders.",
    "zh": "全球合作对于应对气候变化至关重要，因为环境破坏很少受国界限制。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "global warming｜全球变暖",
   "global economy｜全球经济",
   "global cooperation｜全球合作",
   "global perspective｜全球视角"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "globe (n.)",
   "globally (adv.)",
   "globalisation (n.)",
   "globalise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "worldwide"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "local"
  ],
  "tip": "global强调全球范围；international强调国家之间。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "global"
 },
 {
  "w": "complaint",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpleɪnt/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpleɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抱怨；投诉",
    "en": "a statement that something is wrong or unsatisfactory"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疾病；不适",
    "en": "an illness or physical problem"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She made a complaint about the cold soup.",
    "zh": "她投诉汤是凉的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should investigate residents' complaints about noise before approving new entertainment venues in residential areas.",
    "zh": "地方政府在批准住宅区内的新娱乐场所前，应调查居民关于噪声的投诉。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a complaint｜提出投诉",
   "a formal complaint｜正式投诉",
   "handle complaints｜处理投诉",
   "a common complaint｜常见病症；常见抱怨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "complain (v.)",
   "complainant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grievance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "complaint是名词，complain是动词；投诉某事用about。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "complaint"
 },
 {
  "w": "increasing",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkriːsɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈkriːsɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不断增加的；日益增长的",
    "en": "becoming greater in amount, size, number, or degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The increasing noise outside made it hard to sleep.",
    "zh": "外面越来越大的噪声让人难以入睡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Increasing demand for clean energy is encouraging governments to invest more heavily in renewable technologies and infrastructure.",
    "zh": "对清洁能源日益增长的需求正促使各国政府加大对可再生能源技术和基础设施的投资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "increasing demand｜日益增长的需求",
   "increasing pressure｜越来越大的压力",
   "an increasing number of｜越来越多的",
   "increasing concern｜日益加深的担忧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "increase (v.)",
   "increase (n.)",
   "increasingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "growing",
   "rising"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "decreasing",
   "declining"
  ],
  "tip": "increasing修饰名词；increasingly修饰形容词等。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "increasing"
 },
 {
  "w": "dig",
  "uk": "/dɪɡ/",
  "us": "/dɪɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挖；掘",
    "en": "Move earth to make a hole or uncover something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "探究；深入搜寻",
    "en": "Search carefully for hidden information"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "考古发掘",
    "en": "An organized activity to uncover ancient objects in the ground"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We dug a deep hole for the young apple tree.",
    "zh": "我们为这棵苹果树苗挖了一个深坑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers dig into historical records to understand how earlier societies responded to periods of rapid environmental change.",
    "zh": "研究人员深入查阅历史记录，以了解过去的社会如何应对环境迅速变化的时期。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dig a hole｜挖坑",
   "dig up｜挖出",
   "dig into｜深入探究",
   "an archaeological dig｜考古发掘"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "digger (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "excavate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式、过去分词均为dug；dig into可指深入调查。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dig"
 },
 {
  "w": "production",
  "uk": "/prəˈdʌkʃən/",
  "us": "/prəˈdʌkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生产；制造",
    "en": "the process of making or growing things for use"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "制作；演出作品",
    "en": "the making of a film or play, or the resulting work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The factory has increased production to meet summer demand.",
    "zh": "工厂已增加产量，以满足夏季需求。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cleaner energy production can reduce air pollution while supporting the development of a modern economy.",
    "zh": "更清洁的能源生产可以减少空气污染，同时支持现代经济的发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mass production｜大规模生产",
   "food production｜食品生产",
   "production costs｜生产成本",
   "film production｜电影制作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "produce (v.)",
   "producer (n.)",
   "product (n.)",
   "productive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "production通常不可数；指一部演出作品时可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "production"
 },
 {
  "w": "position",
  "uk": "/pəˈzɪʃən/",
  "us": "/pəˈzɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "位置；姿势",
    "en": "where something is or how a body is arranged"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "职位；地位；立场",
    "en": "a job, social rank, or opinion on an issue"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放置；安置",
    "en": "to put someone or something in a particular place"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you move the lamp to a better position?",
    "zh": "你能把灯挪到一个更合适的位置吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "The report explains the government's position on providing affordable housing for young families.",
    "zh": "这份报告阐明了政府在为年轻家庭提供可负担住房方面的立场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sitting position｜坐姿",
   "apply for a position｜申请职位",
   "take a position on｜对……表明立场",
   "position carefully｜小心放置"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "positional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示立场常用position on；表示职位为可数名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "position"
 },
 {
  "w": "cafeteria",
  "uk": "/ˌkæfəˈtɪəriə/",
  "us": "/ˌkæfəˈtɪriə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自助餐厅；食堂",
    "en": "A restaurant where customers collect food and carry it to tables."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We carried our lunch trays to the cafeteria window.",
    "zh": "我们端着午餐托盘走到食堂窗边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School cafeterias can promote healthier eating habits by offering affordable meals with fresh vegetables and fruit.",
    "zh": "学校食堂可以提供价格实惠、含新鲜蔬菜水果的餐食，促进更健康的饮食习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a school cafeteria｜学校食堂",
   "a hospital cafeteria｜医院食堂",
   "a cafeteria tray｜食堂托盘"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "canteen"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调自行取餐，不一定是不限量的自助餐。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cafeteria"
 },
 {
  "w": "mushroom",
  "uk": "/ˈmʌʃruːm/",
  "us": "/ˈmʌʃruːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蘑菇",
    "en": "A fungus often shaped like an umbrella; some are edible."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "迅速增长；迅速涌现",
    "en": "Grow or increase very quickly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I added sliced mushrooms to the soup for lunch.",
    "zh": "我在午餐的汤里加了切片蘑菇。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online learning platforms have mushroomed as demand for flexible and affordable education has increased worldwide.",
    "zh": "随着全球对灵活且价格可负担的教育需求上升，在线学习平台迅速涌现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mushroom soup｜蘑菇汤",
   "wild mushrooms｜野生蘑菇",
   "mushroom into a large business｜迅速发展成大企业"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词表示迅速增长，不接直接宾语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mushroom"
 },
 {
  "w": "pattern",
  "uk": "/ˈpætən/",
  "us": "/ˈpætɚn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "模式；规律",
    "en": "A regular or repeated way something happens or is done."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "图案；花纹",
    "en": "An arrangement of shapes, lines, or colours forming a design."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cat follows the same sleeping pattern every day.",
    "zh": "我的猫每天都遵循相同的睡眠规律。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers analyse patterns of energy consumption to identify opportunities for reducing waste in households.",
    "zh": "研究人员分析能源消耗模式，以寻找减少家庭能源浪费的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pattern of behaviour｜行为模式",
   "sleep patterns｜睡眠规律",
   "a floral pattern｜花卉图案",
   "follow a pattern｜遵循某种模式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "patterned (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示规律常用a pattern of＋名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pattern"
 },
 {
  "w": "servant",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːvənt/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːvənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "仆人；佣人",
    "en": "Someone employed to do household work in another person's home"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The servant carried fresh towels into the guest bedroom.",
    "zh": "佣人把干净毛巾拿进了客房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In wealthy households of the past, servants often worked long hours with little legal protection.",
    "zh": "过去，富裕家庭的佣人往往长时间工作，却很少受到法律保护。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "domestic servant｜家佣",
   "civil servant｜公务员",
   "public servant｜公职人员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "serve (v.)",
   "service (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "公务员用civil servant，不能只说servant。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "servant"
 },
 {
  "w": "liquid",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪkwɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪkwɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "液体",
    "en": "A substance that flows and takes the shape of its container."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "液态的",
    "en": "In a form that flows freely rather than remaining solid."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "易变现的；流动的",
    "en": "Available as cash or easily converted into cash."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She poured the warm liquid carefully into a glass.",
    "zh": "她小心地把温热的液体倒进玻璃杯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists analyse liquid samples from rivers to identify pollutants and assess potential risks to public health.",
    "zh": "科学家分析河流中的液体样本，以识别污染物并评估其对公众健康的潜在风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clear liquid｜透明液体",
   "liquid water｜液态水",
   "liquid soap｜洗手液",
   "liquid assets｜流动资产"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "liquidity (n.)",
   "liquefy (v.)",
   "liquefaction (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fluid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "solid"
  ],
  "tip": "liquid作名词指液体；liquid assets指现金或易变现资产。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "liquid"
 },
 {
  "w": "tune",
  "uk": "/tjuːn/",
  "us": "/tuːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "曲调；旋律",
    "en": "a series of musical notes forming a recognizable pattern"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为乐器调音",
    "en": "to adjust an instrument so it produces the correct notes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "调节；调谐",
    "en": "to adjust a device to work or receive signals correctly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother whistled a cheerful tune while washing dishes.",
    "zh": "哥哥洗碗时，用口哨吹着一段欢快的曲调。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A memorable tune can help young learners retain new vocabulary and develop greater confidence in speaking.",
    "zh": "容易记住的曲调可以帮助低龄学习者记忆新词汇，并增强口语表达的信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "catchy tune｜朗朗上口的曲调",
   "in tune｜音调准确",
   "out of tune｜走调",
   "tune a piano｜给钢琴调音"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tuning (n.)",
   "tuner (n.)",
   "tuneful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "melody"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in tune指音调准确；out of tune指走调。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tune"
 },
 {
  "w": "butcher",
  "uk": "/ˈbʊtʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈbʊtʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肉贩；肉类分割工",
    "en": "someone who prepares and sells meat"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "屠宰；分割肉类",
    "en": "to kill animals for meat or cut up their meat"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把……弄糟",
    "en": "to do something very badly, spoiling the result"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The butcher wrapped our chicken and suggested a simple recipe.",
    "zh": "肉贩把我们的鸡肉包好，还推荐了一个简单的做法。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A local butcher can help customers reduce food waste by recommending suitable cuts and portion sizes.",
    "zh": "当地肉贩可以推荐合适的肉块和分量，帮助顾客减少食物浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local butcher｜当地肉贩",
   "butcher's shop｜肉店",
   "butcher a song｜把一首歌唱砸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "butchery (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "肉店常说the butcher's；动词也可指把表演等搞砸。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "butcher"
 },
 {
  "w": "seed",
  "uk": "/siːd/",
  "us": "/siːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "种子",
    "en": "A small part of a plant that can grow into another."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "播种",
    "en": "Put seeds into soil so that plants will grow."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She planted each seed in a small clay pot.",
    "zh": "她把每一粒种子种进一个小陶盆里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting seed diversity helps farmers adapt to changing climates and reduces the risk of widespread crop failure.",
    "zh": "保护种子多样性有助于农民适应气候变化，并降低大范围作物歉收的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sow seeds｜播种",
   "plant a seed｜种下一粒种子",
   "sunflower seeds｜葵花籽",
   "seed bank｜种子库"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "seedling (n.)",
   "seedless (adj.)",
   "seedy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sow seeds指播种；seedling指已经发芽的幼苗。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seed"
 },
 {
  "w": "anniversary",
  "uk": "/ˌænɪˈvɜːsəri/",
  "us": "/ˌænɪˈvɝːsəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "周年纪念日",
    "en": "A date marking another year since an important event."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cooked a special meal for our wedding anniversary.",
    "zh": "我们为结婚纪念日做了一顿特别的饭菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The museum celebrated its anniversary by offering free admission to encourage more residents to explore local history.",
    "zh": "博物馆在周年纪念日提供免费入场，鼓励更多居民了解当地历史。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wedding anniversary｜结婚纪念日",
   "celebrate an anniversary｜庆祝周年纪念日",
   "mark an anniversary｜纪念周年"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指重要事件每年对应的纪念日，不只用于婚礼。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anniversary"
 },
 {
  "w": "backward",
  "uk": "/ˈbækwəd/",
  "us": "/ˈbækwərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "向后的；倒退的",
    "en": "Directed towards the back or away from progress."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向后；倒着",
    "en": "Towards the back or in the reverse direction."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "发展落后的",
    "en": "Less developed or advanced than expected."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He took a backward step to avoid the puddle.",
    "zh": "他向后退了一步，以避开水坑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing investment in public transport would be a backward step for cities seeking to cut emissions.",
    "zh": "对于力求减排的城市而言，减少公共交通投资将是一种倒退。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a backward step｜倒退的一步",
   "a backward glance｜回头一瞥",
   "move backward｜向后移动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "backwards (adv.)",
   "backwardness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rearward"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "forward"
  ],
  "tip": "英式副词常用 backwards；用来形容人落后可能冒犯。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "backward"
 },
 {
  "w": "ceremony",
  "uk": "/ˈserəməni/",
  "us": "/ˈserəmoʊni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "典礼；仪式",
    "en": "A formal event marking an important occasion."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "礼节；客套",
    "en": "Formal behaviour required by tradition or social rules."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We attended a small wedding ceremony by the lake.",
    "zh": "我们参加了湖边一场小型婚礼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A graduation ceremony allows students and families to celebrate educational achievements together as a community.",
    "zh": "毕业典礼让学生和家人齐聚一堂，共同庆祝学业成就。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "opening ceremony｜开幕式",
   "graduation ceremony｜毕业典礼",
   "without ceremony｜不拘礼节地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ceremonial (adj.)",
   "ceremoniously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指具体典礼时可数；without ceremony意为不拘礼节。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ceremony"
 },
 {
  "w": "breathing",
  "uk": "/ˈbriːðɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈbriːðɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "呼吸",
    "en": "the process of taking air into and out of the lungs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After the steep climb, my breathing slowly returned to normal.",
    "zh": "爬完陡坡后，我的呼吸慢慢恢复了正常。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular breathing exercises may help students manage stress and improve their concentration during demanding periods of study.",
    "zh": "定期进行呼吸练习可能有助于学生缓解压力，并在学习紧张时期提高专注力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deep breathing｜深呼吸",
   "breathing exercises｜呼吸练习",
   "breathing difficulties｜呼吸困难",
   "heavy breathing｜粗重的呼吸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "breathe (v.)",
   "breath (n.)",
   "breathless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "respiration"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "breathing可作名词，也是breathe的现在分词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "breathing"
 },
 {
  "w": "celebrity",
  "uk": "/səˈlebrəti/",
  "us": "/səˈlebrəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "名人；明星",
    "en": "A person who is widely known by the public."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "名望；名气",
    "en": "The state of being famous."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A celebrity stopped outside the theatre to greet fans.",
    "zh": "一位明星在剧院外停下脚步，与粉丝打招呼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Celebrity endorsements can influence young consumers, so advertisements should clearly distinguish personal opinions from paid promotion.",
    "zh": "名人代言可能影响年轻消费者，因此广告应明确区分个人观点与付费推广。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "celebrity endorsement｜名人代言",
   "celebrity culture｜名人文化",
   "achieve celebrity｜成名"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "celebrated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "star"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指名人时可数；指名气时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "celebrity"
 },
 {
  "w": "related",
  "uk": "/rɪˈleɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/rɪˈleɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相关的；有联系的",
    "en": "connected with something in some way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有亲属关系的",
    "en": "belonging to the same family"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These two problems are related to the same broken pipe.",
    "zh": "这两个问题都与同一根破裂的管道有关。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many health problems are closely related to poor housing conditions and limited access to nutritious food.",
    "zh": "许多健康问题与恶劣的住房条件及难以获取营养食物密切相关。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "related to｜与……有关",
   "closely related｜密切相关的",
   "related issues｜相关问题",
   "related by marriage｜有姻亲关系的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "relate (v.)",
   "relation (n.)",
   "relationship (n.)",
   "unrelated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "connected",
   "linked"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unrelated"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be related to；to是介词，后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "related"
 },
 {
  "w": "useless",
  "uk": "/ˈjuːsləs/",
  "us": "/ˈjuːsləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无用的；无效的",
    "en": "Not useful or unable to achieve the intended result"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This broken umbrella is useless in heavy rain.",
    "zh": "这把坏伞在大雨中根本不管用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Collecting environmental data is useless unless governments use the findings to guide effective policies.",
    "zh": "收集环境数据毫无用处，除非政府利用研究结果来指导制定有效政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "completely useless｜完全无用的",
   "useless at｜不擅长",
   "render something useless｜使某物失去作用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "use (v.)",
   "useful (adj.)",
   "uselessly (adv.)",
   "uselessness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ineffective",
   "unhelpful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "useful",
   "effective"
  ],
  "tip": "useless at后接名词或动名词，表示不擅长。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "useless"
 },
 {
  "w": "carnival",
  "uk": "/ˈkɑːnɪvəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːrnəvəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狂欢节；嘉年华",
    "en": "A public celebration with music, costumes, and street entertainment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "游乐会",
    "en": "An outdoor event with rides, games, and entertainment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We wore colourful masks and danced at the carnival.",
    "zh": "我们戴着彩色面具，在嘉年华上跳舞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An annual carnival can strengthen community ties while attracting visitors who support local shops and restaurants.",
    "zh": "一年一度的嘉年华可以加强社区联系，同时吸引游客光顾当地商店和餐馆。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a carnival parade｜嘉年华游行",
   "a carnival atmosphere｜狂欢气氛",
   "an annual carnival｜年度嘉年华"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "festival"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式英语中也可指有游戏和游乐设施的游乐会。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "carnival"
 },
 {
  "w": "average",
  "uk": "/ˈævərɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈævərɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "平均的；普通的",
    "en": "Representing a calculated middle value, or typical rather than exceptional."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "平均数；平均水平",
    "en": "A value calculated by dividing a total by the item count."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "平均为",
    "en": "Have a particular amount as the usual or calculated middle value."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The average price of these jackets is quite reasonable.",
    "zh": "这些夹克的平均价格相当合理。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Average household spending on energy may fall as better insulation reduces the need for heating.",
    "zh": "随着更好的隔热措施减少供暖需求，家庭能源支出的平均水平可能下降。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on average｜平均而言",
   "above average｜高于平均水平",
   "average income｜平均收入",
   "average temperature｜平均气温"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "averaging (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on average表示“平均而言”，不用in average。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "average"
 },
 {
  "w": "upside-down",
  "uk": "/ˌʌpsaɪd ˈdaʊn/",
  "us": "/ˌʌpsaɪd ˈdaʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "上下颠倒的；倒置的",
    "en": "Positioned with the usual top at the bottom"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An upside-down bowl covered the last slice of cake.",
    "zh": "一个倒扣的碗盖住了最后一块蛋糕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In a classroom experiment, students used an upside-down glass of water to explore the effects of air pressure.",
    "zh": "在一次课堂实验中，学生用一杯倒置的水来探究气压的作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an upside-down image｜上下颠倒的图像",
   "an upside-down bowl｜倒扣的碗",
   "turn something upside down｜把某物倒置"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "inverted"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词前常加连字符；表语或副词通常写upside down。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "upside-down"
 },
 {
  "w": "librarian",
  "uk": "/laɪˈbreəriən/",
  "us": "/laɪˈbreriən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "图书馆员",
    "en": "A person who manages library resources and helps library users."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The librarian helped me find a book about birds.",
    "zh": "图书馆员帮我找到了一本关于鸟类的书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School librarians support independent learning by teaching students how to locate reliable sources and evaluate information.",
    "zh": "学校图书馆员通过教授学生如何寻找可靠来源并评估信息，来支持自主学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "school librarian｜学校图书馆员",
   "chief librarian｜图书馆馆长",
   "ask a librarian｜咨询图书馆员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "library (n.)",
   "librarianship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "library指图书馆；librarian指在那里工作的馆员。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "librarian"
 },
 {
  "w": "gasoline",
  "uk": "/ˈɡæsəliːn/",
  "us": "/ˈɡæsəliːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汽油",
    "en": "A liquid fuel used in cars and other engines."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stopped to buy gasoline before crossing the desert.",
    "zh": "穿越沙漠之前，我们停车加了汽油。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Higher gasoline prices may encourage commuters to share cars or switch to public transport.",
    "zh": "汽油价格上涨可能促使通勤者拼车或改乘公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gasoline prices｜汽油价格",
   "gasoline engine｜汽油发动机",
   "unleaded gasoline｜无铅汽油"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "petrol",
   "gas"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式英语用gasoline，口语常说gas；英式通常用petrol。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gasoline"
 },
 {
  "w": "creature",
  "uk": "/ˈkriːtʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈkriːtʃɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动物；生物",
    "en": "a living being, especially an animal"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "虚构生物；怪物",
    "en": "an imaginary being with unusual physical features"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiny creature crawled out from under the leaf.",
    "zh": "一只小生物从叶子底下爬了出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even the smallest marine creature can play an important role in maintaining a healthy ocean ecosystem.",
    "zh": "即使是最小的海洋生物，也能在维持健康的海洋生态系统方面发挥重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sea creature｜海洋生物",
   "a living creature｜活的生物",
   "a mythical creature｜神话生物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "animal",
   "being"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "creature常指动物，也可指想象中的生物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "creature"
 },
 {
  "w": "delete",
  "uk": "/dɪˈliːt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈliːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "删除",
    "en": "To remove written material or stored information."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please delete those blurry photos from my phone.",
    "zh": "请把我手机里那些模糊的照片删掉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online services should allow users to delete their personal data when they no longer need an account.",
    "zh": "当用户不再需要账户时，网络服务应允许他们删除个人数据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "delete a file｜删除文件",
   "delete an account｜删除账户",
   "permanently delete｜永久删除"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deletion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "remove",
   "erase"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "insert"
  ],
  "tip": "常用delete something from...表示从某处删除。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "delete"
 },
 {
  "w": "starting",
  "uk": "/ˈstɑːtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈstɑːrtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "起始的；最初的",
    "en": "Relating to the point where something begins"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "开始；启动",
    "en": "The act of beginning something or making it operate"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We gathered at the starting point before sunrise.",
    "zh": "日出前，我们在起点集合。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A fair starting salary can help employers attract talented graduates and improve long-term staff retention.",
    "zh": "公平的起薪可以帮助雇主吸引优秀毕业生，并提高员工的长期留任率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a starting point｜起点",
   "a starting salary｜起薪",
   "the starting line｜起跑线",
   "a starting position｜起始位置"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "start (v.)",
   "start (n.)",
   "starter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "initial"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "final"
  ],
  "tip": "常见于starting point；也可作start的分词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "starting"
 },
 {
  "w": "besides",
  "uk": "/bɪˈsaɪdz/",
  "us": "/bɪˈsaɪdz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "除……之外还",
    "en": "In addition to someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "而且；再说",
    "en": "Used to add another fact or supporting reason."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Besides apples, we need some bread and fresh milk.",
    "zh": "除了苹果，我们还需要一些面包和鲜奶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Besides reducing air pollution, investment in public transport can make cities more accessible to older residents.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通除了能减少空气污染，还能让老年居民在城市中出行更方便。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "besides that｜除此之外",
   "besides being｜除了是……之外",
   "besides the fact that｜除了……这一事实之外"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "in addition to",
   "moreover"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "besides表示额外包括；beside表示在旁边。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "besides"
 },
 {
  "w": "invention",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvenʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvenʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发明物",
    "en": "something new that someone has designed or created"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发明；创造",
    "en": "the act of creating something that did not exist before"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "虚构的事；编造",
    "en": "a story or explanation created rather than based on facts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her latest invention waters the plants while she is away.",
    "zh": "她最新的发明能在她外出时给植物浇水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The invention of affordable water filters has improved public health in communities with limited access to clean water.",
    "zh": "价格低廉的滤水器的发明改善了难以获得清洁用水的社区的公共卫生状况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a useful invention｜实用的发明",
   "the invention of｜……的发明",
   "a recent invention｜近期的发明"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "invent (v.)",
   "inventor (n.)",
   "inventive (adj.)",
   "inventiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "invention创造原本没有的东西；discovery发现已有事物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "invention"
 },
 {
  "w": "split",
  "uk": "/splɪt/",
  "us": "/splɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分开；劈开；分担",
    "en": "To divide something into parts, or separate into groups"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "裂缝；分裂；分歧",
    "en": "A crack, division, or serious disagreement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We split the cake and shared it with our neighbours.",
    "zh": "我们把蛋糕切开，分给了邻居。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools sometimes split large classes into smaller groups to provide more individual attention and support.",
    "zh": "学校有时会把大班分成小组，以提供更多个别关注和支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "split into groups｜分成小组",
   "split the cost｜分摊费用",
   "split in two｜分成两半",
   "a deep split｜严重分歧"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "divide",
   "separate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unite"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为split；现在分词为splitting。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "split"
 },
 {
  "w": "pyramid",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪrəmɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪrəmɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金字塔；棱锥体",
    "en": "a structure with triangular sides meeting at a point"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金字塔式体系",
    "en": "a system with fewer members at each successively higher level"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We built a small pyramid out of wooden blocks.",
    "zh": "我们用木块搭了一座小金字塔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The management pyramid in many organisations places a small group of executives above numerous employees.",
    "zh": "许多机构的金字塔式管理结构将少数高管置于众多员工之上。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ancient pyramid｜古代金字塔",
   "square-based pyramid｜四棱锥",
   "management pyramid｜管理金字塔"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pyramidal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指古代金字塔，也指几何中的棱锥体。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pyramid"
 },
 {
  "w": "thriller",
  "uk": "/ˈθrɪlə/",
  "us": "/ˈθrɪlər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "惊险小说；惊悚片",
    "en": "An exciting story or film involving danger, suspense, or crime."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a thriller and kept guessing the ending.",
    "zh": "我们看了一部惊悚片，一直在猜结局。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-made thriller can encourage audiences to consider ethical questions while maintaining a strong sense of suspense.",
    "zh": "制作精良的惊悚片能在保持强烈悬念的同时，引导观众思考伦理问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a crime thriller｜犯罪惊悚作品",
   "a psychological thriller｜心理惊悚作品",
   "a political thriller｜政治惊悚作品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thrill (n.)",
   "thrill (v.)",
   "thrilling (adj.)",
   "thrilled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "thriller重悬念与紧张感，不等于恐怖片。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thriller"
 },
 {
  "w": "overweight",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈweɪt/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvərˈweɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "超重的",
    "en": "heavier than is considered healthy, suitable, or officially allowed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My suitcase was overweight, so I removed some books.",
    "zh": "我的行李箱超重了，所以我拿出了一些书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who are overweight may benefit from accessible exercise facilities and practical advice on balanced diets.",
    "zh": "体重超标的人可能受益于便利的健身设施和有关均衡饮食的实用建议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be slightly overweight｜略微超重",
   "overweight luggage｜超重行李",
   "become overweight｜变得超重"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "weight (n.)",
   "weigh (v.)",
   "underweight (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "underweight"
  ],
  "tip": "常作形容词；obese指肥胖，程度更重。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overweight"
 },
 {
  "w": "luxury",
  "uk": "/ˈlʌkʃəri/",
  "us": "/ˈlʌkʃəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奢华；奢侈的享受",
    "en": "Great comfort and pleasure involving expensive surroundings or possessions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奢侈品；非必需的享受",
    "en": "Something enjoyable or expensive that is not essential."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "奢华的；高档的",
    "en": "Providing exceptional comfort and quality, usually at a high price."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hotel offered a taste of luxury for one night.",
    "zh": "这家酒店让我们体验了一晚奢华享受。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As household incomes rise, goods once considered a luxury often become part of everyday life.",
    "zh": "随着家庭收入增加，曾被视为奢侈品的商品往往成为日常生活的一部分。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "live in luxury｜过奢华生活",
   "luxury goods｜奢侈品",
   "luxury hotel｜豪华酒店",
   "afford the luxury of｜有条件享受……"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "luxurious (adj.)",
   "luxuriously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "opulence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指奢华状态时不可数；指一项享受时可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "luxury"
 },
 {
  "w": "straw",
  "uk": "/strɔː/",
  "us": "/strɔː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "稻草；麦秆",
    "en": "Dried cereal stems used for animal bedding and other purposes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "吸管",
    "en": "A narrow tube used for drinking liquids."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer spread fresh straw across the barn floor.",
    "zh": "农民在谷仓地上铺了一层新鲜的麦秆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing plastic straws with reusable alternatives can reduce waste, although wider changes in consumption remain necessary.",
    "zh": "用可重复使用的替代品取代塑料吸管能减少废物，但仍需更广泛地改变消费方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bale of straw｜一捆稻草",
   "a straw hat｜一顶草帽",
   "a drinking straw｜一根饮用吸管",
   "the last straw｜令人忍无可忍的最后一击"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作稻草时不可数，作吸管时可数；hay指干草饲料。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "straw"
 },
 {
  "w": "unable",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈeɪbəl/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈeɪbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不能的；无法的",
    "en": "Not having the ability or opportunity to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was unable to open the tightly sealed jar.",
    "zh": "我打不开那个封得很紧的罐子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without affordable internet access, many students are unable to participate fully in online learning programmes.",
    "zh": "如果没有负担得起的网络服务，许多学生就无法充分参与在线学习课程。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be unable to attend｜无法出席",
   "be unable to afford｜负担不起",
   "be unable to cope｜无法应付"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "able (adj.)",
   "ability (n.)",
   "inability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "able"
  ],
  "tip": "用 be unable to do，不用 unable doing。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unable"
 },
 {
  "w": "congratulation",
  "uk": "/kənˌɡrætʃəˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/kənˌɡrætʃəˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "祝贺；贺词",
    "en": "An expression of pleasure at someone's success or good fortune."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sent our congratulations when she passed her driving test.",
    "zh": "她通过驾驶考试后，我们向她表示祝贺。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Offering congratulations to students who achieve personal goals can strengthen their confidence and encourage further learning.",
    "zh": "向实现个人目标的学生表示祝贺，可以增强他们的信心，并鼓励他们继续学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "congratulations on｜为……表示祝贺",
   "a letter of congratulation｜贺信",
   "warm congratulations｜热烈祝贺"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "congratulate (v.)",
   "congratulatory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "祝贺通常用复数congratulations，后接on加成就。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "congratulation"
 },
 {
  "w": "decade",
  "uk": "/ˈdekeɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈdekeɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "十年；十年期",
    "en": "a period of ten years"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They have lived on this street for a decade.",
    "zh": "他们在这条街上已经住了十年。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Over the past decade, digital technology has significantly changed how people access education and healthcare.",
    "zh": "过去十年间，数字技术显著改变了人们获取教育和医疗服务的方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "over the past decade｜在过去十年间",
   "for decades｜数十年来",
   "the next decade｜未来十年"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a decade是十年；decades常泛指数十年。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "decade"
 },
 {
  "w": "razor",
  "uk": "/ˈreɪzə/",
  "us": "/ˈreɪzər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "剃须刀；剃刀",
    "en": "A tool with a sharp blade used to shave hair."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He rinsed his razor and put it beside the sink.",
    "zh": "他冲洗了剃须刀，把它放在洗手池旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing a reusable razor can reduce the amount of plastic waste generated by daily grooming.",
    "zh": "选择可重复使用的剃须刀，可以减少日常个人护理产生的塑料垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "electric razor｜电动剃须刀",
   "disposable razor｜一次性剃须刀",
   "razor blade｜剃须刀片"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "razor指剃须工具；普通切割用刀叫knife。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "razor"
 },
 {
  "w": "involve",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvɒlv/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvɑːlv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "涉及；包含；需要",
    "en": "to include something as a necessary part"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使参与",
    "en": "to make someone take part in an activity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My new job involves talking to customers all day.",
    "zh": "我的新工作需要整天与顾客交谈。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should involve residents in planning decisions to ensure that new developments meet community needs.",
    "zh": "地方政府应让居民参与规划决策，确保新的开发项目满足社区需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "involve doing something｜需要做某事",
   "involve someone in something｜让某人参与某事",
   "be closely involved｜密切参与"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "involvement (n.)",
   "involved (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "entail",
   "include"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示需要做某事，用involve doing，不用to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "involve"
 },
 {
  "w": "influence",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnfluəns/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnfluəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "影响；影响力",
    "en": "the power to affect how someone thinks or behaves"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "影响",
    "en": "to affect someone's decisions, behaviour, or development"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My older sister had a strong influence on me.",
    "zh": "姐姐对我有很大的影响。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advertising can influence children's food preferences, which makes responsible marketing particularly important for public health.",
    "zh": "广告会影响儿童的食物偏好，因此负责任的营销对公众健康尤为重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have an influence on｜对……有影响",
   "a positive influence｜积极的影响",
   "influence a decision｜影响决定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "influential (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "affect",
   "impact"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词后常接on；动词直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "influence"
 },
 {
  "w": "material",
  "uk": "/məˈtɪəriəl/",
  "us": "/məˈtɪriəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "材料；原料；布料",
    "en": "A substance used to make things, including cloth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "资料；素材",
    "en": "Information or ideas used for study or creative work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "物质的；实质性的",
    "en": "Relating to physical possessions, or significant enough to matter."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This bag is made from a strong waterproof material.",
    "zh": "这个包用结实的防水材料制成。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using recycled material in construction can reduce waste and lower demand for newly extracted natural resources.",
    "zh": "在建筑中使用再生材料可以减少废弃物，并降低对新开采自然资源的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "raw materials｜原材料",
   "building materials｜建筑材料",
   "reading material｜阅读资料",
   "material possessions｜物质财富"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "materialism (n.)",
   "materialist (n.)",
   "materialistic (adj.)",
   "materially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "immaterial"
  ],
  "tip": "资料义通常不可数；多种材料可用materials。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "material"
 },
 {
  "w": "decoration",
  "uk": "/ˌdekəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdekəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "装饰品",
    "en": "An object added to make something look more attractive."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "装饰；装潢",
    "en": "The process or style of making a place look attractive."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "勋章；奖章",
    "en": "An official award worn to honour service or bravery."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She hung a bright paper decoration above the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "她在厨房餐桌上方挂了一件鲜艳的纸制装饰品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The decoration of public libraries can create welcoming spaces that encourage residents to spend more time reading.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆的装潢可以营造温馨的空间，鼓励居民花更多时间阅读。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "interior decoration｜室内装饰",
   "party decorations｜派对装饰品",
   "table decoration｜餐桌装饰品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "decorate (v.)",
   "decorative (adj.)",
   "decorator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ornament",
   "adornment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指装饰过程时不可数；指单件装饰品时可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "decoration"
 },
 {
  "w": "caravan",
  "uk": "/ˈkærəvæn/",
  "us": "/ˈkærəvæn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拖挂式房车",
    "en": "A wheeled home pulled by a car, especially for holidays"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结伴旅行的车队或驼队",
    "en": "A group of people or vehicles travelling together, especially through deserts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We parked our caravan beside a quiet lake.",
    "zh": "我们把拖挂式房车停在一个宁静的湖边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Caravan holidays can support rural tourism by bringing visitors to areas without large hotels.",
    "zh": "房车度假可以将游客带到没有大型酒店的地区，从而促进乡村旅游。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "caravan park｜房车营地",
   "tow a caravan｜牵引拖挂式房车",
   "camel caravan｜骆驼商队"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "caravanning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语指拖挂式房车；美式常用travel trailer。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "caravan"
 },
 {
  "w": "management",
  "uk": "/ˈmænɪdʒmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈmænɪdʒmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "管理；经营",
    "en": "The work of organising and controlling activities or resources."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "管理层；管理人员",
    "en": "The people responsible for running an organisation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Good time management leaves me free to relax.",
    "zh": "良好的时间管理让我有空放松。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective waste management requires cooperation between local authorities, businesses, and residents to reduce pollution and conserve resources.",
    "zh": "有效的废物管理需要地方政府、企业和居民合作，以减少污染并节约资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "time management｜时间管理",
   "waste management｜废物管理",
   "senior management｜高层管理人员",
   "management skills｜管理技能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "manage (v.)",
   "manager (n.)",
   "managerial (adj.)",
   "manageable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "administration"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指管理工作时不可数；the management可指管理层。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "management"
 },
 {
  "w": "tight",
  "uk": "/taɪt/",
  "us": "/taɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "紧的；紧身的",
    "en": "Fitting closely or held firmly, with little room to move."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "紧张的；余地很小的",
    "en": "Leaving very little extra time, money, or space."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "紧紧地；牢牢地",
    "en": "Firmly and securely, without becoming loose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These shoes are too tight around my toes.",
    "zh": "这双鞋的鞋头太紧，挤着我的脚趾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools operating on tight budgets may struggle to provide students with modern equipment and adequate support.",
    "zh": "预算紧张的学校可能难以为学生提供现代化设备和充分的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tight jeans｜紧身牛仔裤",
   "a tight budget｜紧张的预算",
   "a tight deadline｜很紧的截止期限",
   "hold tight｜紧紧抓住"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tightly (adv.)",
   "tighten (v.)",
   "tightness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "snug"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "loose"
  ],
  "tip": "tight本身可作副词，如hold tight；tightly也表紧紧地。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tight"
 },
 {
  "w": "sailor",
  "uk": "/ˈseɪlə/",
  "us": "/ˈseɪlər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水手；海员；帆船运动者",
    "en": "Someone who works on ships or sails boats"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sailor tied the boat securely to the dock.",
    "zh": "水手把船牢牢地系在码头上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern navigation technology helps sailors avoid dangerous waters, but practical experience remains essential for safety at sea.",
    "zh": "现代导航技术帮助海员避开危险水域，但实践经验对海上安全仍至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "experienced sailor｜经验丰富的海员",
   "professional sailor｜职业海员",
   "a crew of sailors｜一组船员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sail (v.)",
   "sail (n.)",
   "sailing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "seafarer",
   "mariner"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指在船上工作或驾驶帆船的人，不泛指乘客。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sailor"
 },
 {
  "w": "well-dressed",
  "uk": "/ˌwel ˈdrest/",
  "us": "/ˌwel ˈdrest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "穿着得体的；衣着考究的",
    "en": "Wearing attractive, neat, and appropriate clothes."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A well-dressed guest arrived in a neatly pressed suit.",
    "zh": "一位衣着考究的客人穿着熨烫平整的西装到来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although well-dressed applicants may create positive first impressions, employers should prioritise relevant skills and professional experience.",
    "zh": "尽管衣着得体的求职者可能留下良好的第一印象，雇主仍应优先考虑相关技能和工作经验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "well-dressed guests｜衣着考究的宾客",
   "a well-dressed applicant｜衣着得体的求职者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dress (v.)",
   "dressed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "smartly dressed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "badly dressed"
  ],
  "tip": "强调穿着整洁得体，不一定指衣服昂贵或紧跟潮流。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "well-dressed"
 },
 {
  "w": "grown-up",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrəʊn ʌp/",
  "us": "/ˈɡroʊn ʌp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成年人；大人",
    "en": "An adult, especially when described by or to children."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "成年的；成熟的",
    "en": "Adult, or behaving in a sensible and responsible way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Ask a grown-up to help you slice the bread.",
    "zh": "请一位大人帮你切面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children often develop grown-up attitudes towards responsibility when they participate in age-appropriate household tasks.",
    "zh": "孩子参与适合其年龄的家务时，往往会形成对待责任的成熟态度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ask a grown-up｜请教大人",
   "grown-up children｜已成年的子女",
   "a grown-up attitude｜成熟的态度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grow (v.)",
   "growth (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adult"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词多用于儿童语境；正式写作宜用adult。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grown-up"
 },
 {
  "w": "hidden",
  "uk": "/ˈhɪdən/",
  "us": "/ˈhɪdən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "隐藏的；不易察觉的",
    "en": "Kept out of sight or not easily noticed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a hidden cupboard behind the kitchen door.",
    "zh": "我们在厨房门后发现了一个隐蔽的橱柜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers should consider the hidden costs of online purchases, including delivery fees and charges for returning items.",
    "zh": "消费者应考虑网购的隐性成本，包括运费和退货费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hidden costs｜隐性成本",
   "hidden meaning｜隐藏的含义",
   "hidden talent｜未显露的才能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hide (v.)",
   "hiding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "concealed",
   "unseen"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "visible",
   "obvious"
  ],
  "tip": "也是hide的过去分词；隐藏不等于肉眼不可见。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hidden"
 },
 {
  "w": "membership",
  "uk": "/ˈmembəʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈmembɚʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "会员身份；成员资格",
    "en": "the status of belonging to a club or organisation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "全体会员；会员人数",
    "en": "all members of a group, or the total member count"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My gym membership includes free swimming lessons every weekend.",
    "zh": "我的健身房会员权益包括每个周末的免费游泳课。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable membership fees can encourage more residents to use local sports facilities and improve their health.",
    "zh": "价格合理的会员费可以鼓励更多居民使用当地体育设施，改善健康状况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "membership fee｜会员费",
   "annual membership｜年度会员资格",
   "renew your membership｜续办会员资格",
   "union membership｜工会会员身份"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "member (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示加入某组织的资格，常用membership of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "membership"
 },
 {
  "w": "unpack",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈpæk/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈpæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打开行李取出物品",
    "en": "take things out of a bag, box, or other container"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "剖析；详细解释",
    "en": "examine an idea carefully to explain its different parts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I unpacked my suitcase and hung up my shirts.",
    "zh": "我把衣物从行李箱里拿出来，挂好了衬衫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can help students unpack complex arguments by examining the evidence and assumptions behind each claim.",
    "zh": "教师可以通过审视每个论点背后的证据和假设，帮助学生剖析复杂的论证。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unpack a suitcase｜取出行李箱中的物品",
   "unpack boxes｜打开箱子取出物品",
   "unpack an argument｜剖析论证"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pack (v.)",
   "packing (n.)",
   "repack (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "pack"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指取出行李，也可比喻拆解复杂观点。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unpack"
 },
 {
  "w": "studio",
  "uk": "/ˈstjuːdiəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈstuːdioʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工作室；录音室；演播室",
    "en": "A room where art, music, or broadcasts are produced"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电影制片公司",
    "en": "A company that makes films"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "单间公寓",
    "en": "A flat combining living and sleeping space in one room"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The artist invited us into her bright upstairs studio.",
    "zh": "那位艺术家邀请我们参观她楼上明亮的工作室。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public funding for affordable studio spaces can help emerging artists contribute to a city's cultural life.",
    "zh": "为价格可负担的工作室提供公共资金，能帮助新兴艺术家丰富城市文化生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "recording studio｜录音室",
   "art studio｜艺术工作室",
   "film studio｜电影制片公司",
   "studio flat｜单间公寓"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式studio flat、美式studio apartment均指单间公寓。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "studio"
 },
 {
  "w": "frighten",
  "uk": "/ˈfraɪtən/",
  "us": "/ˈfraɪtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使害怕；吓唬",
    "en": "To make someone feel afraid."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sudden loud noises can frighten our new puppy.",
    "zh": "突然的巨响会吓到我们新养的小狗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Alarming news reports may frighten children, so adults should explain difficult events in an appropriate way.",
    "zh": "令人不安的新闻报道可能吓到儿童，因此成人应以恰当的方式解释复杂事件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "frighten someone away｜把某人吓跑",
   "frighten someone into doing｜吓得某人去做",
   "frighten someone to death｜把某人吓坏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fright (n.)",
   "frightened (adj.)",
   "frightening (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "scare",
   "alarm"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reassure"
  ],
  "tip": "frightened指感到害怕的；frightening指令人害怕的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "frighten"
 },
 {
  "w": "photography",
  "uk": "/fəˈtɒɡrəfi/",
  "us": "/fəˈtɑːɡrəfi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "摄影；摄影术",
    "en": "The activity or skill of taking photographs."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister enjoys photography and carries her camera everywhere.",
    "zh": "我姐姐喜欢摄影，走到哪儿都带着相机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital photography allows researchers to document environmental changes and share visual evidence with a wider audience.",
    "zh": "数码摄影让研究人员能够记录环境变化，并向更广泛的受众分享影像证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "digital photography｜数码摄影",
   "wildlife photography｜野生动物摄影",
   "portrait photography｜人像摄影",
   "take up photography｜开始学习摄影"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "photograph (n.)",
   "photograph (v.)",
   "photographer (n.)",
   "photographic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "photography不可数；一张照片用a photograph。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "photography"
 },
 {
  "w": "heel",
  "uk": "/hiːl/",
  "us": "/hiːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脚后跟",
    "en": "The rounded back part of the foot below the ankle."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鞋跟",
    "en": "The raised part beneath the back of a shoe."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These new shoes rub against my left heel.",
    "zh": "这双新鞋磨我的左脚后跟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shoes that support the heel properly may improve comfort for people who spend long hours standing.",
    "zh": "能适当支撑脚后跟的鞋子，可以让长时间站立的人感觉更舒适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heel pain｜足跟疼痛",
   "high heels｜高跟鞋",
   "low heels｜低跟鞋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "heeled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "heel是脚后跟或鞋跟；heal意为愈合，二者同音。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "heel"
 },
 {
  "w": "buyer",
  "uk": "/ˈbaɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈbaɪər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "买家；购买者",
    "en": "a person or organisation that purchases something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "采购员",
    "en": "someone whose job is choosing goods for a business"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The buyer checked the bicycle before handing over cash.",
    "zh": "买家在付现金前检查了那辆自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "First-time buyers often struggle to enter the housing market because property prices rise faster than wages.",
    "zh": "由于房价上涨速度超过工资，首次购房者往往难以进入住房市场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "potential buyer｜潜在买家",
   "first-time buyer｜首次购房者",
   "a buyer's market｜买方市场"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "buy (v.)",
   "buying (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "purchaser"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "seller"
  ],
  "tip": "buyer 指买方；customer 更强调店铺或服务的顾客。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "buyer"
 },
 {
  "w": "bat",
  "uk": "/bæt/",
  "us": "/bæt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蝙蝠",
    "en": "A flying mammal usually active at night."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "球棒；球拍",
    "en": "An object used to hit the ball in certain sports."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用球棒击球",
    "en": "To hit or try to hit a ball with a bat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A bat flew above our garden at dusk.",
    "zh": "黄昏时，一只蝙蝠从我们花园上方飞过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting bat habitats can benefit agriculture because many species feed on insects that damage crops.",
    "zh": "保护蝙蝠栖息地能使农业受益，因为许多蝙蝠以危害农作物的昆虫为食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cricket bat｜板球拍",
   "a baseball bat｜棒球棒",
   "bat wings｜蝙蝠翅膀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "batter (n.)",
   "batting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "网球拍用racket，棒球棒和板球拍用bat。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bat"
 },
 {
  "w": "identify",
  "uk": "/aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "识别；辨认",
    "en": "To recognize and establish who or what someone or something is."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "找出；确定",
    "en": "To discover or establish something through examination."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "产生共鸣；认同",
    "en": "To feel connected to someone through shared feelings or experiences."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you identify the bird sitting on our fence?",
    "zh": "你能认出停在我们围栏上的那只鸟吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should identify learning difficulties early so that students can receive appropriate support before falling behind.",
    "zh": "学校应尽早发现学习困难，让学生在落后之前获得适当的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "identify a problem｜发现问题",
   "identify the cause｜确定原因",
   "identify someone as｜认出某人是",
   "identify with｜与……产生共鸣"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "identification (n.)",
   "identifiable (adj.)",
   "identity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "recognize",
   "pinpoint"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "identify with某人指产生共鸣，不是辨认对方。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "identify"
 },
 {
  "w": "fee",
  "uk": "/fiː/",
  "us": "/fiː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "服务费；学费；酬金",
    "en": "Money charged for a service, course, or professional advice."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The gym charges a small fee for each class.",
    "zh": "这家健身房每节课收取少量费用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High tuition fees may discourage students from disadvantaged backgrounds from applying to university, even when financial assistance is available.",
    "zh": "高昂的学费可能使家境困难的学生不愿申请大学，即使有经济援助可用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tuition fees｜学费",
   "entrance fee｜入场费",
   "legal fees｜法律服务费",
   "pay a fee｜支付费用"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "charge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fee指服务或入场等费用；小费通常用tip。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fee"
 },
 {
  "w": "appetite",
  "uk": "/ˈæpɪtaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈæpətaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "食欲；胃口",
    "en": "The desire to eat food."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "强烈欲望；渴求",
    "en": "A strong desire to have or experience something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A long walk always gives me a good appetite.",
    "zh": "走一段长路总能让我胃口大开。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The growing public appetite for sustainable products encourages companies to reconsider their materials and manufacturing processes.",
    "zh": "公众对可持续产品日益增长的需求促使企业重新考虑其材料及制造工艺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lose your appetite｜失去食欲",
   "a healthy appetite｜好胃口",
   "work up an appetite｜使胃口大开",
   "an appetite for｜对……的渴望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "appetising (adj.)",
   "appetiser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "appetite for 除食欲外，也可表示对知识等的渴求。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "appetite"
 },
 {
  "w": "headline",
  "uk": "/ˈhedlaɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈhedlaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新闻标题",
    "en": "the title of a news report"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "成为头条新闻；领衔演出",
    "en": "to be the main news story or featured performer"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The headline caught my attention while I ate breakfast.",
    "zh": "我吃早餐时，那个新闻标题吸引了我的注意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Misleading headlines can shape public opinion before readers examine the evidence presented in a news report.",
    "zh": "误导性的标题可能在读者查看新闻报道中的证据之前就影响公众舆论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "front-page headline｜头版标题",
   "make headlines｜成为头条新闻",
   "misleading headline｜误导性标题"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "make headlines指成为新闻焦点，不是制作标题。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "headline"
 },
 {
  "w": "consider",
  "uk": "/kənˈsɪdə/",
  "us": "/kənˈsɪdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "考虑；仔细斟酌",
    "en": "to think carefully about something before deciding"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "认为；视为",
    "en": "to have a particular opinion about someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "顾及；考虑到",
    "en": "to take someone or something into account"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We're considering taking the train instead of driving tomorrow.",
    "zh": "我们正在考虑明天坐火车，而不开车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should consider the long-term environmental costs before approving major construction projects in sensitive coastal areas.",
    "zh": "政府在批准生态敏感沿海地区的大型建设项目之前，应考虑其长期环境成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "consider doing something｜考虑做某事",
   "consider the consequences｜考虑后果",
   "consider all options｜考虑所有选择",
   "be considered essential｜被认为必不可少"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consideration (n.)",
   "considerate (adj.)",
   "considered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "contemplate",
   "regard"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“考虑做”用consider doing，不用consider to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consider"
 },
 {
  "w": "credit",
  "uk": "/ˈkredɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈkredɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赊购；信贷",
    "en": "An arrangement allowing payment later or borrowing money."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赞扬；认可",
    "en": "Recognition that someone deserves for an achievement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学分",
    "en": "A unit earned towards a qualification by completing coursework."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought our new fridge on credit last month.",
    "zh": "我们上个月赊购了一台新冰箱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable credit can help small businesses invest in equipment and create jobs within local communities.",
    "zh": "成本可负担的信贷能帮助小企业投资设备，并为当地社区创造就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "buy on credit｜赊购",
   "give someone credit｜肯定某人的功劳",
   "earn credits｜修得学分",
   "credit card｜信用卡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "creditor (n.)",
   "creditworthy (adj.)",
   "creditworthiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on credit表示赊购；学分义可数，常用复数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "credit"
 },
 {
  "w": "mask",
  "uk": "/mɑːsk/",
  "us": "/mæsk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "口罩；面具",
    "en": "A covering worn over part or all of the face."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "掩盖；掩饰",
    "en": "To hide something or make it less noticeable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wore a mask while cleaning the dusty cupboard.",
    "zh": "她清理满是灰尘的橱柜时戴着口罩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid economic growth can mask serious inequalities in access to education and healthcare.",
    "zh": "经济快速增长可能掩盖教育和医疗机会方面的严重不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wear a mask｜戴口罩；戴面具",
   "face mask｜口罩；面膜",
   "mask the smell｜掩盖气味",
   "mask the problem｜掩盖问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "masked (adj.)",
   "unmask (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mask 作动词直接接宾语，表示掩盖问题或感受。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mask"
 },
 {
  "w": "royal",
  "uk": "/ˈrɔɪəl/",
  "us": "/ˈrɔɪəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "王室的；国王或女王的",
    "en": "Relating to a king, queen, or their family."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "王室成员",
    "en": "A member of a royal family."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We visited the royal palace during our holiday.",
    "zh": "我们度假时参观了王宫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some royal residences are open to visitors, generating income that helps preserve historic buildings.",
    "zh": "一些王室住所向游客开放，所得收入有助于保护历史建筑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the royal family｜王室",
   "a royal palace｜王宫",
   "royal duties｜王室职责"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "royalty (n.)",
   "royally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "royal指王室的；loyal指忠诚的，注意首字母。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "royal"
 },
 {
  "w": "climate",
  "uk": "/ˈklaɪmət/",
  "us": "/ˈklaɪmət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "气候",
    "en": "The typical weather conditions of a place over many years."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "社会环境；风气；氛围",
    "en": "The general attitudes and conditions within a society or organisation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These plants grow well in a warm, dry climate.",
    "zh": "这些植物在温暖干燥的气候中长得很好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A changing climate may force farmers to grow different crops and adopt more efficient irrigation methods.",
    "zh": "气候变化可能迫使农民改种其他作物，并采用更高效的灌溉方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "climate change｜气候变化",
   "mild climate｜温和的气候",
   "political climate｜政治环境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "climatic (adj.)",
   "climatology (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "climate指长期气候，weather指具体天气。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "climate"
 },
 {
  "w": "uncomfortable",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈkʌmftəbəl/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈkʌmftɚbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "身体不舒服的；不舒适的",
    "en": "Causing or feeling physical discomfort."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不自在的；不安的",
    "en": "Feeling worried, embarrassed, or uneasy."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These new shoes feel uncomfortable after a long walk.",
    "zh": "走了很久以后，这双新鞋穿着很不舒服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may feel uncomfortable asking questions in large classes, which can limit their participation and understanding.",
    "zh": "学生在大班课堂上提问时可能感到不自在，这会影响他们的参与和理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an uncomfortable chair｜不舒服的椅子",
   "feel uncomfortable｜感到不适",
   "an uncomfortable silence｜令人尴尬的沉默"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "comfortable (adj.)",
   "comfort (n.)",
   "discomfort (n.)",
   "uncomfortably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "uneasy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "comfortable"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指身体不适，也可指心理上的不自在。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "uncomfortable"
 },
 {
  "w": "cave",
  "uk": "/keɪv/",
  "us": "/keɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洞穴；山洞",
    "en": "A large natural hollow inside rock or under the ground."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sheltered from the rain inside a small cave.",
    "zh": "我们躲进一个小山洞里避雨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ancient paintings found in a cave can reveal how early communities understood their surroundings.",
    "zh": "洞穴中发现的古代绘画可以揭示早期群体如何理解周围环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "explore a cave｜探索洞穴",
   "cave entrance｜洞口",
   "cave paintings｜洞穴壁画"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cavern"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cave指洞穴；动词短语cave in表示坍塌或屈服。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cave"
 },
 {
  "w": "explore",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈsplɔː/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsplɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "探索；探访",
    "en": "Travel around a place to discover what it is like"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "探讨；研究",
    "en": "Examine an idea or issue carefully to learn more"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent the afternoon exploring narrow streets near the harbour.",
    "zh": "我们花了一下午探访港口附近的狭窄街巷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should encourage students to explore different career options before choosing subjects for further study.",
    "zh": "学校应鼓励学生在选择深造科目前探索不同的职业方向。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "explore the area｜探访该地区",
   "explore possibilities｜探索各种可能性",
   "explore an issue｜探讨问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exploration (n.)",
   "explorer (n.)",
   "exploratory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "investigate",
   "examine"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作及物动词时直接接地点或问题，不加about。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "explore"
 },
 {
  "w": "peel",
  "uk": "/piːl/",
  "us": "/piːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "削皮；剥皮",
    "en": "To remove the outer skin of fruit or vegetables."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "剥落；脱落",
    "en": "To come off a surface in thin pieces."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "果皮；蔬菜皮",
    "en": "The outer skin of a fruit or vegetable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you peel these potatoes while I chop the carrots?",
    "zh": "我切胡萝卜时，你能帮忙削这些土豆吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Households can compost vegetable peels rather than discard them, reducing the amount of waste sent to landfill.",
    "zh": "家庭可以将蔬菜皮制成堆肥而非丢弃，从而减少送往填埋场的垃圾量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "peel potatoes｜削土豆皮",
   "orange peel｜橙皮",
   "peeling paint｜剥落的油漆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "peeler (n.)",
   "peelings (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "peel作动词可指削皮，也可指油漆等剥落。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "peel"
 },
 {
  "w": "fiction",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪkʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小说；虚构文学",
    "en": "Stories about imagined people and events."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "虚构之事；编造",
    "en": "Something invented that is presented as true."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister reads fiction on the train every morning.",
    "zh": "我姐姐每天早上在火车上读小说。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reading fiction can help young people understand unfamiliar perspectives and develop greater empathy for others.",
    "zh": "阅读小说能帮助年轻人理解陌生的视角，并更加体谅他人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "science fiction｜科幻小说",
   "historical fiction｜历史小说",
   "a work of fiction｜一部小说作品",
   "fact and fiction｜事实与虚构"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fictional (adj.)",
   "fictionalise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "non-fiction"
  ],
  "tip": "统称小说时不可数；一部小说可说a work of fiction。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fiction"
 },
 {
  "w": "edit",
  "uk": "/ˈedɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈedɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "编辑；修改；剪辑",
    "en": "To improve or prepare writing, images, or recordings by making changes."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I need to edit this video before dinner.",
    "zh": "我需要在晚饭前剪辑好这段视频。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should learn to edit their essays carefully, checking both the structure and the accuracy of their arguments.",
    "zh": "学生应学会仔细修改论文，检查论证的结构与准确性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "edit an essay｜修改文章",
   "edit a video｜剪辑视频",
   "edit out｜删去；剪掉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "editor (n.)",
   "editing (n.)",
   "editable (adj.)",
   "editorial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "revise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "edit强调修改或剪辑，publish才是出版或发布。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "edit"
 },
 {
  "w": "fully",
  "uk": "/ˈfʊli/",
  "us": "/ˈfʊli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "完全地；充分地",
    "en": "Completely or to the greatest possible extent."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Make sure your phone is fully charged before leaving.",
    "zh": "出门前确保手机已经充满电。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students benefit most from online learning when they fully understand how to use the available digital tools.",
    "zh": "学生充分了解如何使用现有数字工具时，才能最大程度地从在线学习中受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fully aware｜充分意识到的",
   "fully equipped｜设备齐全的",
   "fully understand｜充分理解",
   "fully booked｜预订已满的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "full (adj.)",
   "fullness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "completely",
   "entirely"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "partly",
   "partially"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰分词或形容词，如fully prepared。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fully"
 },
 {
  "w": "policy",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒləsi/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːləsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "政策；方针；原则",
    "en": "an agreed plan or rule guiding decisions and actions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保险单；保险合同",
    "en": "a contract describing the insurance cover someone has bought"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our school has a policy of serving fresh fruit daily.",
    "zh": "我们学校规定每天供应新鲜水果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An effective housing policy should address both rising rents and the shortage of affordable homes.",
    "zh": "有效的住房政策应同时应对租金上涨和可负担住房短缺的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "government policy｜政府政策",
   "implement a policy｜实施政策",
   "insurance policy｜保险单",
   "foreign policy｜外交政策"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "policymaker (n.)",
   "policymaking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "policy是政策或保险单；politics指政治。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "policy"
 },
 {
  "w": "spot",
  "uk": "/spɒt/",
  "us": "/spɑːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地点；场所",
    "en": "A particular place or position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "斑点；污点",
    "en": "A small mark differing in colour from its surroundings."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发现；认出",
    "en": "Notice or recognise someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a shady spot beside the river.",
    "zh": "我们在河边找到了一处阴凉的地方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Satellite images help researchers spot changes in forest cover before extensive damage occurs.",
    "zh": "卫星图像帮助研究人员在大面积破坏发生之前发现森林覆盖的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a quiet spot｜安静的地方",
   "on the spot｜当场；在现场",
   "spot a mistake｜发现错误",
   "a tourist spot｜旅游景点"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spotty (adj.)",
   "spotless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on the spot可指“当场”或“在现场”，依语境判断。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spot"
 },
 {
  "w": "ought",
  "uk": "/ɔːt/",
  "us": "/ɔːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "应该；应当",
    "en": "Used with to for advice, duty, or the right action."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "应该会；按理应当",
    "en": "Used with to to express what is likely or expected."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You ought to take an umbrella; those clouds look dark.",
    "zh": "你应该带把伞，那些云看起来很阴沉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments ought to ensure that all children have access to quality education, regardless of family income.",
    "zh": "政府应确保所有儿童都能接受优质教育，不受家庭收入影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ought to do｜应该做",
   "ought not to do｜不应该做",
   "ought to have done｜本应该做"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "should"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ought是情态动词，后接to do；否定为ought not to。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ought"
 },
 {
  "w": "napkin",
  "uk": "/ˈnæpkɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈnæpkɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "餐巾；餐巾纸",
    "en": "Cloth or paper used to wipe your mouth while eating"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He wiped the soup from his chin with a napkin.",
    "zh": "他用餐巾擦掉下巴上的汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restaurants can reduce waste by replacing disposable paper napkins with reusable cloth alternatives, provided laundering is managed efficiently.",
    "zh": "只要高效安排洗涤，餐馆就能用可重复使用的布餐巾替代一次性餐巾纸来减少垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a paper napkin｜餐巾纸",
   "a cloth napkin｜布餐巾",
   "fold a napkin｜折餐巾"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "serviette"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "现代常指餐巾；“尿布”英式通常用nappy。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "napkin"
 },
 {
  "w": "brave",
  "uk": "/breɪv/",
  "us": "/breɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "勇敢的",
    "en": "Willing to face danger or difficulty despite feeling afraid."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "勇敢面对；冒着",
    "en": "To face something dangerous or unpleasant with courage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You were brave to speak in front of everyone.",
    "zh": "你敢在大家面前发言，真勇敢。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It takes brave leadership to introduce necessary environmental reforms when powerful groups strongly oppose them.",
    "zh": "当强势群体激烈反对时，推行必要的环境改革需要勇敢的领导力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a brave decision｜勇敢的决定",
   "brave enough to｜有足够勇气做",
   "brave the cold｜冒着严寒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bravery (n.)",
   "bravely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "courageous",
   "courageous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cowardly"
  ],
  "tip": "brave并非毫不害怕，而是害怕仍敢面对。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brave"
 },
 {
  "w": "obviously",
  "uk": "/ˈɒbviəsli/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːbviəsli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "显然；明显地",
    "en": "in a way that is easy to see or understand"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puppy was obviously tired after its long walk.",
    "zh": "走了很长一段路后，小狗显然累了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although renewable energy obviously benefits the environment, its initial costs may discourage investment in poorer regions.",
    "zh": "虽然可再生能源显然有益于环境，但其初期成本可能阻碍较贫困地区的投资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "obviously pleased｜明显很高兴",
   "obviously wrong｜显然错误",
   "obviously important｜显然重要"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "obvious (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clearly",
   "evidently"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示情况显而易见；讨论争议观点时慎用，以免武断。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obviously"
 },
 {
  "w": "porridge",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒrɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈpɔːrɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "燕麦粥；麦片粥",
    "en": "A thick breakfast dish made by cooking oats in liquid."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I topped my warm porridge with sliced banana.",
    "zh": "我在热燕麦粥上放了些香蕉片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can offer porridge at breakfast to provide pupils with an affordable and nutritious meal.",
    "zh": "学校可以在早餐时提供燕麦粥，让学生吃上价格实惠、营养丰富的一餐。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bowl of porridge｜一碗燕麦粥",
   "porridge oats｜煮粥用燕麦片",
   "make porridge｜煮燕麦粥"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；一碗用a bowl of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "porridge"
 },
 {
  "w": "surf",
  "uk": "/sɜːf/",
  "us": "/sɝːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "冲浪",
    "en": "to ride ocean waves while standing or lying on a board"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "浏览互联网",
    "en": "to browse websites, often without a specific purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拍岸浪花",
    "en": "waves and white foam breaking near the shore"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin learned to surf during our beach holiday.",
    "zh": "我们在海滨度假时，我的表亲学会了冲浪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who surf the internet for research need skills to distinguish reliable sources from misleading information.",
    "zh": "上网查找研究资料的学生需要具备辨别可靠来源与误导性信息的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "learn to surf｜学习冲浪",
   "surf the internet｜浏览互联网",
   "surf the waves｜踏浪冲浪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "surfer (n.)",
   "surfing (n.)",
   "surfboard (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "surf the internet指上网浏览，不一定有明确搜索目标。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "surf"
 },
 {
  "w": "roughly",
  "uk": "/ˈrʌfli/",
  "us": "/ˈrʌfli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "大约；粗略地",
    "en": "approximately, rather than exactly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "粗暴地；粗糙地",
    "en": "in a forceful, careless, or uneven manner"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The walk to the lake takes roughly twenty minutes.",
    "zh": "步行到湖边大约需要二十分钟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Roughly half of the residents surveyed supported replacing the old car park with a public garden.",
    "zh": "受访居民中约有一半支持将旧停车场改为公共花园。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "roughly equal｜大致相等",
   "roughly speaking｜大体而言",
   "treat roughly｜粗暴对待"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rough (adj.)",
   "roughness (n.)",
   "roughen (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "approximately",
   "about"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "exactly"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“大约”时常放在数量前；也可指动作粗暴。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "roughly"
 },
 {
  "w": "get-together",
  "uk": "/ˈɡet təɡeðə/",
  "us": "/ˈɡet təɡeðər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "聚会；联欢会",
    "en": "an informal meeting of friends, relatives, or colleagues"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We're having a small get-together at our flat tonight.",
    "zh": "今晚我们要在公寓里办个小聚会。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A regular neighbourhood get-together can strengthen social ties and help new residents feel more welcome.",
    "zh": "定期举办邻里聚会能加强社会联系，让新住户更有归属感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "family get-together｜家庭聚会",
   "informal get-together｜非正式聚会",
   "organise a get-together｜组织聚会"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "gathering",
   "party"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词带连字符；动词短语get together不带。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "get-together"
 },
 {
  "w": "disk",
  "uk": "/dɪsk/",
  "us": "/dɪsk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "磁盘；计算机存储盘",
    "en": "a device that stores computer data on a circular surface"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "圆盘；盘状物",
    "en": "a flat, thin, round object"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My laptop's disk is almost full of holiday photos.",
    "zh": "我的笔记本电脑磁盘里几乎存满了度假照片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular backups protect important research data against accidental deletion and unexpected disk failure in university computer systems.",
    "zh": "定期备份可保护重要研究数据，避免其因误删或大学计算机系统的突发磁盘故障而丢失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hard disk｜硬盘",
   "disk space｜磁盘空间",
   "disk drive｜磁盘驱动器",
   "disk failure｜磁盘故障"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "计算机磁盘用disk；英式圆盘、光盘通常写disc。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disk"
 },
 {
  "w": "tray",
  "uk": "/treɪ/",
  "us": "/treɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "托盘；浅盘",
    "en": "A flat container with raised edges for carrying or holding things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She carried two cups of tea on a wooden tray.",
    "zh": "她用木托盘端着两杯茶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing disposable food trays with reusable alternatives can significantly reduce waste in school cafeterias.",
    "zh": "用可重复使用的餐盘替代一次性餐盘，可以显著减少学校食堂的垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a serving tray｜上菜托盘",
   "a baking tray｜烤盘",
   "an ice cube tray｜冰块模具",
   "a tray of drinks｜一托盘饮料"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tray 通常有浅边，可指端餐托盘或烤盘。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tray"
 },
 {
  "w": "mosquito",
  "uk": "/məˈskiːtəʊ/",
  "us": "/məˈskiːtoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蚊子",
    "en": "A small flying insect whose females bite and suck blood."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A mosquito landed on my arm during dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭时，一只蚊子落在了我的胳膊上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Warmer temperatures may allow mosquito populations to spread into regions where they were previously uncommon.",
    "zh": "气温升高可能使蚊子种群扩散到以前蚊子不常见的地区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mosquito bite｜蚊子叮咬",
   "mosquito net｜蚊帐",
   "mosquito repellent｜驱蚊剂"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数可写mosquitoes或mosquitos。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mosquito"
 },
 {
  "w": "secondly",
  "uk": "/ˈsekəndli/",
  "us": "/ˈsekəndli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "其次；第二",
    "en": "Used to introduce the second point in a list or argument."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Firstly, the flat is affordable; secondly, it has a balcony.",
    "zh": "首先，这套公寓租金实惠；其次，它还有阳台。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Secondly, expanding public transport could reduce traffic congestion and improve access to employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "其次，扩大公共交通覆盖范围可以缓解交通拥堵，并让人们更方便地获得就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "firstly and secondly｜首先和其次",
   "secondly, consider｜其次，考虑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "second (num.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "second"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用于列举第二点，句首使用时后面通常加逗号。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "secondly"
 },
 {
  "w": "edge",
  "uk": "/edʒ/",
  "us": "/edʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "边；边缘",
    "en": "The outer limit of an object, area, or surface."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "优势",
    "en": "A quality that makes someone or something more competitive."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缓慢移动",
    "en": "To move slowly and carefully in a particular direction."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep your glass away from the edge of the table.",
    "zh": "别把你的玻璃杯放在桌子边缘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Practical experience can give graduates an edge over other candidates in a competitive job market.",
    "zh": "在竞争激烈的就业市场中，实践经验能让毕业生比其他求职者更有优势。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on the edge of｜在……边缘",
   "a competitive edge｜竞争优势",
   "have an edge over｜比……有优势",
   "edge towards｜慢慢向……移动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "edgy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示优势时常用an edge over，指胜过某人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "edge"
 },
 {
  "w": "transportation",
  "uk": "/ˌtrænspɔːˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运输；交通运输系统",
    "en": "Moving people or goods, or the systems used for this."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We arranged transportation from the airport to our hotel.",
    "zh": "我们安排了从机场到酒店的接送。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable public transportation can reduce traffic congestion and make employment opportunities more accessible to people without cars.",
    "zh": "可靠的公共交通能够缓解交通拥堵，让没有汽车的人更容易获得就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public transportation｜公共交通",
   "transportation costs｜运输费用",
   "transportation network｜交通运输网络",
   "transportation of goods｜货物运输"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transport (v.)",
   "transportable (adj.)",
   "transporter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "transport"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常用transportation，英式通常用transport。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transportation"
 },
 {
  "w": "via",
  "uk": "/ˈvaɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈvaɪə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "经由；途经",
    "en": "travelling through a particular place on the way somewhere"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "通过；借助",
    "en": "using a particular method, system, or person"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We travelled to the coast via a small mountain village.",
    "zh": "我们途经一个山间小村庄，前往海岸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing medical advice via video calls can improve access to healthcare for people in remote communities.",
    "zh": "通过视频通话提供医疗建议，可以让偏远社区的居民更容易获得医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "travel via｜途经",
   "via email｜通过电子邮件",
   "via satellite｜通过卫星"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "via后直接接地点或方式，如via email。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "via"
 },
 {
  "w": "improvement",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpruːvmənt/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpruːvmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "改善；进步",
    "en": "The process or result of becoming better."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "改进之处",
    "en": "A change that makes something better."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your latest drawing shows a real improvement in shading.",
    "zh": "你最近这幅画的明暗处理确实有进步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport can bring significant improvements in air quality and reduce travel times for urban residents.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通能显著改善空气质量，并缩短城市居民的出行时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "significant improvement｜显著改善",
   "room for improvement｜改进空间",
   "an improvement on｜比…更好的事物",
   "make improvements｜作出改进"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "improve (v.)",
   "improved (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "progress",
   "betterment"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "deterioration"
  ],
  "tip": "某方面的改善用 in；比原来更好用 an improvement on。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "improvement"
 },
 {
  "w": "define",
  "uk": "/dɪˈfaɪn/",
  "us": "/dɪˈfaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给…下定义；解释含义",
    "en": "To state exactly what a word or idea means."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "明确规定；界定",
    "en": "To establish the limits, duties, or nature of something clearly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "构成…的特征",
    "en": "To be the quality that makes someone or something distinctive."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you define this word without using a dictionary?",
    "zh": "你能不用词典解释这个词的含义吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should clearly define their environmental objectives before introducing policies that affect businesses and local communities.",
    "zh": "政府在推行影响企业和当地社区的政策前，应明确界定其环境目标。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "define a term｜给术语下定义",
   "clearly define｜明确界定",
   "define the scope｜界定范围",
   "define as｜将…定义为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "definition (n.)",
   "definable (adj.)",
   "defining (adj.)",
   "undefined (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "explain",
   "specify"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "define A as B表示“将A定义为B”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "define"
 },
 {
  "w": "rail",
  "uk": "/reɪl/",
  "us": "/reɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铁轨；铁路运输",
    "en": "a steel track for trains, or transport by train"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "栏杆；扶手；横杆",
    "en": "a horizontal bar used for support or as a barrier"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "愤怒抱怨；严厉指责",
    "en": "to complain angrily and strongly about something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We travelled by rail through the snowy mountains.",
    "zh": "我们乘火车穿过了白雪覆盖的群山。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in rail infrastructure can reduce road congestion and provide a cleaner alternative to domestic flights.",
    "zh": "投资铁路基础设施可以缓解道路拥堵，并提供比国内航班更环保的出行选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "travel by rail｜乘火车出行",
   "rail network｜铁路网",
   "hold onto the rail｜抓住扶手",
   "rail against｜愤怒地指责"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "railing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "by rail表示乘火车，不加冠词；动词常接against。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rail"
 },
 {
  "w": "idiot",
  "uk": "/ˈɪdiət/",
  "us": "/ˈɪdiət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "笨蛋；蠢人（骂人话）",
    "en": "An insulting word for someone considered very foolish."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt like an idiot after losing my keys again.",
    "zh": "再次弄丢钥匙后，我觉得自己真是个笨蛋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Calling a classmate an idiot can damage their confidence and undermine efforts to create a supportive learning environment.",
    "zh": "骂同学是笨蛋会打击其自信，也会破坏营造互助学习环境的努力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel like an idiot｜觉得自己很傻",
   "a complete idiot｜十足的笨蛋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "idiotic (adj.)",
   "idiotically (adv.)",
   "idiocy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fool"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "带侮辱性，不是描述智力障碍的医学用语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "侮辱性称呼，请谨慎使用",
  "id": "idiot"
 },
 {
  "w": "courage",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌrɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈkɜːrɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "勇气；胆量",
    "en": "Ability to face danger or difficulty despite feeling afraid."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It took courage to admit my mistake in class.",
    "zh": "在课堂上承认自己的错误需要勇气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Young people need courage to challenge unfair practices, especially when their opinions differ from those of others.",
    "zh": "年轻人需要勇气来质疑不公平的做法，尤其是在自己的观点与他人不同时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have the courage to do something｜有勇气做某事",
   "show courage｜表现出勇气",
   "take courage｜鼓起勇气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "courageous (adj.)",
   "courageously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bravery"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cowardice"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；做某事的勇气用courage to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "courage"
 },
 {
  "w": "canoeing",
  "uk": "/kəˈnuːɪŋ/",
  "us": "/kəˈnuːɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "划独木舟运动",
    "en": "the activity of travelling in a canoe using a paddle"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We went canoeing on the lake before lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭前，我们去湖上划了独木舟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Outdoor activities such as canoeing can improve physical fitness while encouraging young people to appreciate natural environments.",
    "zh": "划独木舟等户外活动可以增强体能，同时鼓励年轻人欣赏自然环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go canoeing｜去划独木舟",
   "canoeing trip｜独木舟之旅",
   "canoeing equipment｜划独木舟装备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "canoe (n.)",
   "canoe (v.)",
   "canoeist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用go canoeing；canoe加-ing时保留e。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "canoeing"
 },
 {
  "w": "handle",
  "uk": "/ˈhændl/",
  "us": "/ˈhændl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "处理；应付",
    "en": "To deal with a situation, task, or person."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拿；触摸；操纵",
    "en": "To hold, touch, move, or control something with your hands."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "把手；柄",
    "en": "The part of an object used for holding or moving it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you handle dinner while I collect the children?",
    "zh": "我去接孩子，你能负责准备晚饭吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Healthcare workers need effective training to handle stressful situations while maintaining a high standard of care.",
    "zh": "医护人员需要有效的培训，以便应对压力大的情况，同时保持高水平的护理质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "handle complaints｜处理投诉",
   "handle with care｜小心轻放",
   "door handle｜门把手",
   "handle pressure｜应对压力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "handler (n.)",
   "handling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "manage",
   "deal with"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "handle作处理讲直接接宾语，不加with。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "handle"
 },
 {
  "w": "exchange",
  "uk": "/ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/",
  "us": "/ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "交换；兑换",
    "en": "to give something and receive something else in return"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "交换；交流",
    "en": "an act of giving and receiving things, information, or ideas"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "交易所",
    "en": "a market where shares, currencies, or goods are traded"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can I exchange this shirt for a smaller size?",
    "zh": "我能把这件衬衫换成小一号的吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "International exchange programmes allow students to experience different cultures and develop greater confidence in communicating.",
    "zh": "国际交流项目让学生体验不同文化，并增强他们沟通时的信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exchange ideas｜交流想法",
   "exchange rate｜汇率",
   "in exchange for｜作为……的交换",
   "stock exchange｜证券交易所"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exchangeable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "swap"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "exchange A for B表示用A换B，注意介词for。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exchange"
 },
 {
  "w": "satisfied",
  "uk": "/ˈsætɪsfaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈsætɪsfaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "满意的；满足的",
    "en": "Pleased because something meets your needs or expectations."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "确信的；信服的",
    "en": "Convinced that something is true or has been done properly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'm satisfied with these shoes; they fit perfectly.",
    "zh": "我对这双鞋很满意，穿着特别合脚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees who feel satisfied with their working conditions are more likely to remain with the same organisation.",
    "zh": "对工作条件感到满意的员工更有可能留在同一家机构。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "satisfied with｜对……满意",
   "fully satisfied｜完全满意",
   "satisfied that｜确信……"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "satisfy (v.)",
   "satisfaction (n.)",
   "satisfying (adj.)",
   "satisfactory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pleased",
   "content"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dissatisfied",
   "disappointed"
  ],
  "tip": "人感到满意用satisfied；事物令人满意用satisfying。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "satisfied"
 },
 {
  "w": "stormy",
  "uk": "/ˈstɔːmi/",
  "us": "/ˈstɔːrmi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有暴风雨的",
    "en": "Having strong winds and often heavy rain, thunder, or lightning."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "充满争吵的；激烈的",
    "en": "Involving strong emotions, arguments, or disagreement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed indoors because the weather was so stormy.",
    "zh": "因为外面风雨交加，我们待在了室内。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Increasingly stormy conditions may disrupt shipping routes and threaten the livelihoods of people in coastal communities.",
    "zh": "日益频繁的暴风雨天气可能扰乱航运路线，并威胁沿海社区居民的生计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stormy weather｜暴风雨天气",
   "stormy seas｜波涛汹涌的海面",
   "a stormy relationship｜争吵不断的关系",
   "a stormy debate｜激烈的辩论"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "storm (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tempestuous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容天气，也可形容关系或讨论充满冲突。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stormy"
 },
 {
  "w": "handout",
  "uk": "/ˈhændaʊt/",
  "us": "/ˈhændaʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "讲义；分发的资料",
    "en": "A document given to people attending a lesson or meeting."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "救济款物；施舍物",
    "en": "Money or goods given free to someone in need."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher gave us a handout about healthy eating.",
    "zh": "老师给我们发了一份关于健康饮食的讲义。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-designed handout can help students review key concepts independently after a lecture has finished.",
    "zh": "一份设计得当的讲义可以帮助学生在讲座结束后独立复习核心概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "course handout｜课程讲义",
   "distribute handouts｜分发讲义",
   "government handouts｜政府救济款物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "handout是名词；hand out是动词短语，意为分发。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "handout"
 },
 {
  "w": "sociable",
  "uk": "/ˈsəʊʃəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈsoʊʃəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "合群的；爱交际的",
    "en": "Enjoying meeting people and spending time with them."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sociable neighbour invites everyone over for tea.",
    "zh": "我那位爱交际的邻居邀请大家去喝茶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shared spaces can encourage residents to become more sociable and develop stronger relationships with their neighbours.",
    "zh": "公共空间可以鼓励居民更多地与人交往，并与邻居建立更紧密的关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sociable person｜爱交际的人",
   "a sociable atmosphere｜友好的社交氛围",
   "sociable activities｜社交活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sociability (n.)",
   "sociably (adv.)",
   "unsociable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "outgoing",
   "gregarious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unsociable"
  ],
  "tip": "sociable指爱交际；social多指社会或社交的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sociable"
 },
 {
  "w": "favor",
  "uk": "/ˈfeɪvə/",
  "us": "/ˈfeɪvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "帮忙；恩惠",
    "en": "something helpful you do for someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "支持；赞同；喜爱",
    "en": "approval, support, or liking for someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "偏爱；支持；有利于",
    "en": "to prefer, support, or give an advantage to"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you do me a favor and water my plants?",
    "zh": "你能帮我个忙，给我的植物浇水吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many residents favor investment in public transport because it can reduce congestion and improve access to employment.",
    "zh": "许多居民支持投资公共交通，因为这能缓解拥堵，并让人们更方便地前往工作地点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "do someone a favor｜帮某人一个忙",
   "in favor of｜支持；赞成",
   "favor one option over another｜更偏向某个选项",
   "win favor｜赢得好感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "favorable (adj.)",
   "favorably (adv.)",
   "favored (adj.)",
   "favoritism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "favor是美式拼写，英式为favour；帮忙用do a favor。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "favor"
 },
 {
  "w": "wolf",
  "uk": "/wʊlf/",
  "us": "/wʊlf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狼",
    "en": "a wild animal related to dogs, often living in packs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "狼吞虎咽地吃",
    "en": "to eat food very quickly and eagerly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A grey wolf stood silently at the forest edge.",
    "zh": "一只灰狼静静地站在森林边缘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting wolf populations can help restore ecological balance by controlling the numbers of deer in forest habitats.",
    "zh": "保护狼群有助于控制森林栖息地中的鹿群数量，从而恢复生态平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pack of wolves｜一群狼",
   "a lone wolf｜独狼；不合群的人",
   "wolf down a meal｜狼吞虎咽地吃饭"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为wolves；动词常用wolf down，表示快速吃下。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wolf"
 },
 {
  "w": "waterskiing",
  "uk": "/ˈwɔːtəˌskiːɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːtərˌskiːɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "滑水运动",
    "en": "Travelling over water on skis while pulled by a boat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We tried waterskiing on the lake last summer.",
    "zh": "去年夏天，我们在湖上尝试了滑水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Waterskiing can attract tourists to lakeside communities, but motorboats may disturb wildlife and increase water pollution.",
    "zh": "滑水运动能吸引游客前往湖畔社区，但摩托艇可能干扰野生动物并加剧水污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go waterskiing｜去滑水",
   "waterskiing lessons｜滑水课程",
   "waterskiing equipment｜滑水装备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "waterski (v.)",
   "waterskier (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作运动名词时不可数；去滑水用go waterskiing。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "waterskiing"
 },
 {
  "w": "reward",
  "uk": "/rɪˈwɔːd/",
  "us": "/rɪˈwɔːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奖励；回报；酬金",
    "en": "Something received for good work, helpful behaviour, or achievement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "奖励；酬谢",
    "en": "To give something to someone for their efforts or help."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We gave the puppy a treat as a reward.",
    "zh": "我们给了小狗一块零食作为奖励。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should reward consistent effort rather than focus exclusively on students who achieve the highest grades.",
    "zh": "学校应奖励持续的努力，而不是只关注成绩最好的学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "financial reward｜经济回报",
   "reward someone for something｜因某事奖励某人",
   "reap the rewards｜收获回报"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rewarding (adj.)",
   "unrewarding (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "recompense"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "reward强调付出后的回报；award常指正式授奖。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reward"
 },
 {
  "w": "crew",
  "uk": "/kruː/",
  "us": "/kruː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "全体船员；机组人员",
    "en": "The people who work together on a ship or aircraft"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工作组；团队",
    "en": "A group working together on a particular practical task"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "担任船员",
    "en": "Work as a member of a boat's crew"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The crew welcomed us aboard with warm smiles.",
    "zh": "机组人员面带亲切的笑容，欢迎我们登机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Airlines must ensure that every crew member receives regular safety training to protect passengers during emergencies.",
    "zh": "航空公司必须确保每位机组成员定期接受安全培训，以便在紧急情况下保护乘客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cabin crew｜客舱乘务组",
   "crew member｜机组成员；船员",
   "film crew｜摄制组",
   "rescue crew｜救援队"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "team"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "crew是集体名词；单个成员说a crew member。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crew"
 },
 {
  "w": "defend",
  "uk": "/dɪˈfend/",
  "us": "/dɪˈfend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "保护；保卫",
    "en": "to protect someone or something from attack or harm"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "辩护；捍卫",
    "en": "to give reasons supporting someone or something being criticised"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "防守",
    "en": "to prevent opponents from scoring in a sport"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mother duck spread her wings to defend her ducklings.",
    "zh": "鸭妈妈张开翅膀保护小鸭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should defend citizens' rights while ensuring that public safety measures remain fair and proportionate.",
    "zh": "政府应捍卫公民权利，同时确保公共安全措施公平且适度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "defend against attack｜抵御攻击",
   "defend human rights｜捍卫人权",
   "defend a decision｜为某项决定辩护",
   "defend a title｜卫冕"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "defence (n.)",
   "defender (n.)",
   "defensive (adj.)",
   "defensible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "protect",
   "guard"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "attack"
  ],
  "tip": "defend ... against/from ...表示保护……免受……。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "defend"
 },
 {
  "w": "audience",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːdiəns/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːdiəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "观众；听众",
    "en": "People watching or listening to a performance, speech, or programme"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "读者群；受众",
    "en": "People who read or receive particular content"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The audience clapped loudly when the dancers finished.",
    "zh": "舞者表演结束时，观众热烈鼓掌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online platforms enable museums to reach a wider audience, including people who cannot visit their collections in person.",
    "zh": "网络平台使博物馆能够接触更广泛的受众，包括无法亲自参观馆藏的人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a large audience｜众多观众",
   "a target audience｜目标受众",
   "reach a wider audience｜触达更广泛的受众",
   "audience participation｜观众参与"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "观众多用large audience，不用many audiences。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "audience"
 },
 {
  "w": "emergency",
  "uk": "/ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/",
  "us": "/ɪˈmɝːdʒənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "紧急情况；突发事件",
    "en": "A serious, unexpected situation requiring immediate action."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep a torch nearby in case of an emergency.",
    "zh": "在手边备好手电筒，以防出现紧急情况。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should invest in emergency services to ensure that communities receive rapid assistance during natural disasters.",
    "zh": "政府应投资应急服务，确保社区在自然灾害期间迅速获得援助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in an emergency｜在紧急情况下",
   "emergency services｜应急救援部门",
   "emergency evacuation｜紧急疏散",
   "a state of emergency｜紧急状态"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "crisis"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是可数名词；emergency exit中的名词作定语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "emergency"
 },
 {
  "w": "sportswear",
  "uk": "/ˈspɔːtsweə/",
  "us": "/ˈspɔːrtswer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运动服装；休闲运动装",
    "en": "Clothes designed for sport or worn in a sporty casual style."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She changed into comfortable sportswear before her evening run.",
    "zh": "晚间跑步前，她换上了舒适的运动服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Demand for affordable sportswear may increase as more people participate in regular exercise and community sports.",
    "zh": "随着更多人定期锻炼并参与社区体育活动，对平价运动服装的需求可能会增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "comfortable sportswear｜舒适的运动服装",
   "a sportswear retailer｜运动服装零售商",
   "a range of sportswear｜一系列运动服装"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sport (n.)",
   "sporty (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；一件运动服用an item of sportswear。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sportswear"
 },
 {
  "w": "revise",
  "uk": "/rɪˈvaɪz/",
  "us": "/rɪˈvaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "复习",
    "en": "To study material again in preparation for an examination."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "修订；修改",
    "en": "To change something to correct or improve it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I need to revise for my biology exam tonight.",
    "zh": "今晚我得复习，准备生物考试。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should revise outdated housing policies to ensure that affordable homes remain accessible to young families.",
    "zh": "政府应修订过时的住房政策，确保年轻家庭仍能获得负担得起的住房。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "revise for an exam｜复习备考",
   "revise a draft｜修改草稿",
   "revise an estimate｜修正估算",
   "revise a policy｜修订政策"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "revision (n.)",
   "revised (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复习义主要用于英式英语；美式常用review。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "revise"
 },
 {
  "w": "lid",
  "uk": "/lɪd/",
  "us": "/lɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盖子",
    "en": "a cover that closes the top of a container"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "眼睑",
    "en": "either fold of skin that covers an eye"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Put the lid on before you shake the jar.",
    "zh": "摇晃罐子之前先把盖子盖上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A tightly fitted lid helps households keep food fresh and reduce unnecessary waste.",
    "zh": "严密贴合的盖子能帮助家庭保持食物新鲜，减少不必要的浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tight-fitting lid｜严密贴合的盖子",
   "put the lid on｜盖上盖子",
   "lift the lid｜揭开盖子",
   "keep a lid on costs｜控制成本"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "容器的盖子用lid；瓶子的旋盖也常用cap。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lid"
 },
 {
  "w": "graduation",
  "uk": "/ˌɡrædʒuˈeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɡrædʒuˈeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "毕业；毕业典礼",
    "en": "Completing a course of study, or the ceremony celebrating this."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister wore a blue gown at her graduation.",
    "zh": "姐姐在毕业典礼上穿了一件蓝色学位袍。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should provide career guidance before graduation to help students make a successful transition into employment.",
    "zh": "大学应在学生毕业前提供职业指导，帮助他们顺利过渡到职场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "graduation ceremony｜毕业典礼",
   "after graduation｜毕业后",
   "graduation gown｜学位袍"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "graduate (v.)",
   "graduate (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示从某校毕业，动词用graduate from。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "graduation"
 },
 {
  "w": "cashier",
  "uk": "/kæˈʃɪə/",
  "us": "/kæˈʃɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "收银员",
    "en": "Someone who receives customers' payments in a shop or bank"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cashier smiled and handed me my change.",
    "zh": "收银员微笑着把零钱递给我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Automated checkouts may reduce demand for cashiers, although many customers still prefer assistance from a person.",
    "zh": "自助结账设备可能减少对收银员的需求，但许多顾客仍更喜欢人工协助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "work as a cashier｜当收银员",
   "supermarket cashier｜超市收银员",
   "pay the cashier｜向收银员付款"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cash (n.)",
   "cash (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cashier负责收款，accountant负责会计核算。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cashier"
 },
 {
  "w": "bargain",
  "uk": "/ˈbɑːɡɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈbɑːrɡɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "便宜货；划算的买卖",
    "en": "Something bought for less than its usual price"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "讨价还价；商谈条件",
    "en": "To discuss prices or conditions to reach an agreement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "协议；约定",
    "en": "An agreement about what each person will do"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This warm winter coat was a real bargain.",
    "zh": "这件暖和的冬季外套买得真划算。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers can often bargain with local sellers, although fixed prices are more common in large stores.",
    "zh": "消费者通常可以与当地商贩讨价还价，但大型商店更常采用固定价格。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a real bargain｜真正的便宜货",
   "bargain with someone｜与某人讨价还价",
   "strike a bargain｜达成协议",
   "keep your side of the bargain｜履行自己约定的义务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bargaining (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "便宜货用可数名词；bargain with sb表示与某人议价。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bargain"
 },
 {
  "w": "emotional",
  "uk": "/ɪˈməʊʃənəl/",
  "us": "/ɪˈmoʊʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "情绪的；情感的",
    "en": "Related to feelings rather than thoughts or physical needs."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "情绪激动的；易动情的",
    "en": "Showing or experiencing strong feelings."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her friends gave her emotional support during the move.",
    "zh": "搬家期间，她的朋友们在情感上给予了她支持。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should support children's emotional development alongside academic progress to promote their long-term well-being.",
    "zh": "学校应在促进学业进步的同时支持儿童的情感发展，以增进他们的长期福祉。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "emotional support｜情感支持",
   "emotional well-being｜情绪健康",
   "emotional development｜情感发展",
   "become emotional｜变得激动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "emotion (n.)",
   "emotionally (adv.)",
   "unemotional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unemotional"
  ],
  "tip": "emotional不一定指悲伤，也可指喜悦等强烈情绪。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "emotional"
 },
 {
  "w": "educate",
  "uk": "/ˈedʒukeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈedʒukeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "教育；培养",
    "en": "To teach someone and develop their knowledge or skills."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使了解；普及知识",
    "en": "To give people information about a particular subject."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These colourful picture books educate children while keeping them entertained.",
    "zh": "这些色彩鲜艳的图画书寓教于乐，让孩子们学到知识。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns should educate people about nutrition rather than simply encourage them to lose weight.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传活动应向人们普及营养知识，而不只是鼓励他们减重。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "educate children｜教育儿童",
   "educate people about｜向人们普及……知识",
   "educate the public｜教育公众"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "education (n.)",
   "educational (adj.)",
   "educated (adj.)",
   "educator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "teach",
   "instruct"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "educate强调教育培养；teach也可直接接学科。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "educate"
 },
 {
  "w": "impressed",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈprest/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈprest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "钦佩的；印象深刻的",
    "en": "Feeling admiration because someone or something is particularly good."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was impressed by how quickly you fixed the bike.",
    "zh": "你这么快就修好了自行车，让我很佩服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors are often impressed by museums that combine interactive technology with carefully preserved historical objects.",
    "zh": "将互动技术与精心保存的历史文物相结合的博物馆，常常令参观者印象深刻。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "impressed by｜对……印象深刻",
   "impressed with｜对……感到钦佩",
   "deeply impressed｜印象极为深刻"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "impress (v.)",
   "impression (n.)",
   "impressive (adj.)",
   "impressively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unimpressed"
  ],
  "tip": "impressed描述人的感受；impressive描述令人赞叹的事物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "impressed"
 },
 {
  "w": "obey",
  "uk": "/əˈbeɪ/",
  "us": "/əˈbeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "服从；遵守",
    "en": "to do what someone orders or what a rule requires"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our dog will obey simple commands for a treat.",
    "zh": "为了得到零食，我们的狗会听从简单的指令。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Drivers who obey speed limits help protect pedestrians and reduce the risk of serious accidents.",
    "zh": "遵守限速规定的司机有助于保护行人，并降低严重事故的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "obey orders｜服从命令",
   "obey the law｜遵守法律",
   "obey instructions｜遵从指示"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "obedience (n.)",
   "obedient (adj.)",
   "obediently (adv.)",
   "disobey (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "disobey"
  ],
  "tip": "直接接人、命令或规则，不加to：obey the law。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obey"
 },
 {
  "w": "excitement",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "兴奋；激动",
    "en": "a feeling of great enthusiasm and eager anticipation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "令人兴奋的事；刺激",
    "en": "something that creates strong interest or enthusiasm"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children jumped with excitement when the puppies arrived.",
    "zh": "小狗到来时，孩子们兴奋得跳了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although international sporting events generate excitement, host cities must carefully assess their long-term financial costs.",
    "zh": "虽然国际体育赛事令人振奋，但主办城市必须仔细评估其长期财务成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "with excitement｜兴奋地",
   "a sense of excitement｜兴奋感",
   "generate excitement｜引发兴奋",
   "contain your excitement｜抑制兴奋之情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "excite (v.)",
   "excited (adj.)",
   "exciting (adj.)",
   "excitedly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thrill",
   "enthusiasm"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "boredom"
  ],
  "tip": "表示兴奋情绪通常不可数：with excitement。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "excitement"
 },
 {
  "w": "listener",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪsənə/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪsənər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "听者；听众",
    "en": "someone who listens to a person, programme, or performance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister is a patient listener when I feel worried.",
    "zh": "我感到担忧时，姐姐总会耐心倾听。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A good listener can help colleagues resolve disagreements by understanding different perspectives before offering advice.",
    "zh": "善于倾听的人会先理解不同观点再提出建议，从而帮助同事解决分歧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a good listener｜善于倾听的人",
   "radio listeners｜广播听众",
   "an attentive listener｜专心的听者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "listen (v.)",
   "listening (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "listener指听的人；listen后接宾语须用to。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "listener"
 },
 {
  "w": "attack",
  "uk": "/əˈtæk/",
  "us": "/əˈtæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "攻击；猛烈抨击",
    "en": "Try to hurt someone or criticize something strongly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "攻击；抨击",
    "en": "An act of violence or strong criticism"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疾病发作",
    "en": "A sudden period of illness or severe symptoms"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The goose attacked my bag when I approached the pond.",
    "zh": "我走近池塘时，那只鹅突然啄起我的包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Critics attacked the proposal because it offered little support for families living in poverty.",
    "zh": "批评者猛烈抨击这项提案，因为它几乎没有为贫困家庭提供支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "come under attack｜遭到攻击或抨击",
   "heart attack｜心脏病发作",
   "attack a proposal｜抨击一项提案"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attacker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assault"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词直接接宾语；名词常用an attack on。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attack"
 },
 {
  "w": "blow",
  "uk": "/bləʊ/",
  "us": "/bloʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吹；刮",
    "en": "to move air, or move because of moving air"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "打击；不幸事件",
    "en": "an event that causes disappointment, difficulty, or loss"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重击；击打",
    "en": "a hard hit with a hand or object"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A cold wind blew leaves across the empty playground.",
    "zh": "一阵冷风把树叶吹过空荡荡的操场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The closure of the local factory dealt a serious blow to employment opportunities in the region.",
    "zh": "当地工厂的关闭严重打击了该地区的就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blow out a candle｜吹灭蜡烛",
   "blow your nose｜擤鼻涕",
   "a major blow｜重大打击",
   "deal a blow to｜给……造成打击"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词变化为blow–blew–blown。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blow"
 },
 {
  "w": "storeroom",
  "uk": "/ˈstɔːruːm/",
  "us": "/ˈstɔːrruːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "储藏室；库房",
    "en": "a room used for keeping supplies or unused things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The spare chairs are stacked neatly in the storeroom.",
    "zh": "备用椅子整齐地堆放在储藏室里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should keep emergency supplies in a secure storeroom that staff can access quickly when necessary.",
    "zh": "学校应将应急物资存放在安全的储藏室里，确保教职员工在必要时能够迅速取用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "locked storeroom｜上锁的储藏室",
   "storeroom shelves｜储藏室的架子",
   "keep something in a storeroom｜把某物存放在储藏室"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "store (v.)",
   "storage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "storage room"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "storeroom是房间；warehouse通常指较大的仓库。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "storeroom"
 },
 {
  "w": "rid",
  "uk": "/rɪd/",
  "us": "/rɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使摆脱；清除",
    "en": "free someone or something from an unwanted thing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We finally got rid of the broken garden chairs.",
    "zh": "我们终于处理掉了那些坏掉的花园椅子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities can rid their streets of excessive litter by improving waste collection and encouraging responsible behaviour.",
    "zh": "城市可以通过改进垃圾收集并鼓励负责任的行为，清除街道上过多的垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get rid of｜摆脱；处理掉",
   "rid something of｜清除某物中的",
   "be rid of｜摆脱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "牢记get rid of；rid A of B表示清除A中的B。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rid"
 },
 {
  "w": "Antarctic",
  "uk": "/ænˈtɑːktɪk/",
  "us": "/ænˈtɑːrktɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "南极地区的",
    "en": "Relating to the region around the South Pole."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "南极地区",
    "en": "The region surrounding the South Pole, including Antarctica."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a film about penguins on Antarctic ice.",
    "zh": "我们看了一部关于南极冰面上企鹅的影片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists monitor Antarctic ice to understand how rising global temperatures affect sea levels worldwide.",
    "zh": "科学家监测南极冰层，以了解全球气温升高如何影响世界各地的海平面。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Antarctic ice｜南极冰层",
   "the Antarctic｜南极地区",
   "Antarctic wildlife｜南极野生动物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Antarctica (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词用the Antarctic；Antarctica专指南极洲。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "首字母已改为标准大写：Antarctic。",
  "id": "antarctic"
 },
 {
  "w": "indeed",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdiːd/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdiːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "确实；的确",
    "en": "Used to confirm something or emphasize that it is true."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "甚至；实际上",
    "en": "Used to add information that strengthens a previous statement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup was very tasty indeed, so I had more.",
    "zh": "这汤确实非常好喝，所以我又喝了一些。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport can reduce congestion; indeed, reliable bus services may persuade many commuters to stop driving.",
    "zh": "公共交通能够缓解拥堵；事实上，可靠的公交服务可能使许多通勤者放弃开车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "very useful indeed｜确实非常有用",
   "indeed the case｜确实如此",
   "if indeed｜如果确实"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "certainly",
   "truly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可用very＋形容词＋indeed加强语气。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indeed"
 },
 {
  "w": "region",
  "uk": "/ˈriːdʒən/",
  "us": "/ˈriːdʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地区；区域",
    "en": "an area of a country or the world"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "身体部位",
    "en": "a particular area of the body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This region is famous for its apples and cheese.",
    "zh": "这个地区以苹果和奶酪闻名。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved transport links could attract more businesses to the region and create jobs for local residents.",
    "zh": "改善交通联系可以吸引更多企业进入该地区，并为当地居民创造就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "coastal region｜沿海地区",
   "rural region｜乡村地区",
   "in the region of｜大约"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "regional (adj.)",
   "regionally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "area",
   "zone"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in the region of接金额等，表示“大约”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "region"
 },
 {
  "w": "breath",
  "uk": "/breθ/",
  "us": "/breθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "呼吸的空气；气息",
    "en": "air moving into or out of your lungs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一次呼吸",
    "en": "one act of taking air into your lungs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her breath formed a cloud in the cold air.",
    "zh": "她呼出的气在冷空气中形成了一团白雾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Taking a slow, deep breath can help students manage anxiety before an important examination.",
    "zh": "缓慢地深呼吸一次，有助于学生缓解重要考试前的焦虑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a deep breath｜深吸一口气",
   "out of breath｜上气不接下气",
   "hold your breath｜屏住呼吸",
   "catch your breath｜喘口气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "breathe (v.)",
   "breathless (adj.)",
   "breathlessness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "breath是名词；breathe是动词，末尾读/ð/。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "breath"
 },
 {
  "w": "second-hand",
  "uk": "/ˌsekənd ˈhænd/",
  "us": "/ˌsekənd ˈhænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "二手的；用过的",
    "en": "previously owned or used by someone else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "间接获得的",
    "en": "learned from others rather than through direct experience"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "以二手方式；间接地",
    "en": "from a previous owner, or through another person's account"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My second-hand bicycle still rides smoothly after years of use.",
    "zh": "我的二手自行车用了多年，骑起来仍很顺畅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Buying second-hand furniture can reduce household spending and prevent usable goods from ending up in landfill.",
    "zh": "购买二手家具能减少家庭开支，并避免尚可使用的物品最终被填埋。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "second-hand clothes｜二手衣物",
   "second-hand shop｜二手商店",
   "buy second-hand｜买二手货",
   "second-hand information｜间接获得的信息"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "used",
   "pre-owned"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "brand-new"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指物品用过，也可指信息并非亲身获得。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "second-hand"
 },
 {
  "w": "tutor",
  "uk": "/ˈtjuːtə/",
  "us": "/ˈtuːtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "私人教师；导师",
    "en": "a teacher who guides individuals or small groups"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "辅导；个别指导",
    "en": "to teach someone individually or in a small group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My tutor helped me understand fractions using paper circles.",
    "zh": "我的辅导老师用圆形纸片帮我理解了分数。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A personal tutor can help students develop effective study habits and address specific learning difficulties.",
    "zh": "私人教师可以帮助学生养成有效的学习习惯，并解决具体的学习困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "private tutor｜私人教师",
   "personal tutor｜个人导师",
   "tutor someone in maths｜辅导某人数学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tutoring (n.)",
   "tutorial (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tutor强调个别或小组辅导，不一定是教授。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tutor"
 },
 {
  "w": "allergy",
  "uk": "/ˈælədʒi/",
  "us": "/ˈælɚdʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "过敏；过敏症",
    "en": "A condition causing illness after contact with a normally harmless substance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother has an allergy to peanuts and walnuts.",
    "zh": "我哥哥对花生和核桃过敏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should have clear procedures for helping children who experience a severe food allergy reaction.",
    "zh": "学校应制定明确流程，为出现严重食物过敏反应的儿童提供帮助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "food allergy｜食物过敏",
   "pollen allergy｜花粉过敏",
   "have an allergy to｜对……过敏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "allergic (adj.)",
   "allergen (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用have an allergy to；to后接引起过敏的物质。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "allergy"
 },
 {
  "w": "ferry",
  "uk": "/ˈferi/",
  "us": "/ˈferi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "渡船；轮渡",
    "en": "A boat carrying passengers or vehicles across water regularly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "运送；摆渡",
    "en": "To carry people or goods between places, often repeatedly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took the ferry across the lake this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上我们乘渡船穿过了湖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable ferry services connect island communities with mainland hospitals, schools, and employment opportunities throughout the year.",
    "zh": "可靠的轮渡服务全年将岛屿社区与大陆的医院、学校和就业机会连接起来。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a ferry｜乘渡船",
   "ferry terminal｜轮渡码头",
   "ferry service｜轮渡服务"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为ferries；动词也可指用车反复接送。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ferry"
 },
 {
  "w": "state",
  "uk": "/steɪt/",
  "us": "/steɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "状态；状况",
    "en": "the condition of someone or something at a particular time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "国家；州；政府",
    "en": "a country, its government, or a region within a country"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "陈述；明确说明",
    "en": "to express something clearly in speech or writing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen was in a terrible state after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，厨房一片狼藉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The report states that reliable public transport is essential for reducing dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "报告指出，可靠的公共交通对于减少对私家车的依赖至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in a good state｜处于良好状态",
   "state of mind｜心理状态",
   "state funding｜政府资助",
   "state clearly｜明确说明"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "statement (n.)",
   "statehood (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "state作动词较正式，可接that从句；名词可指状态或国家。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "state"
 },
 {
  "w": "column",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒləm/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːləm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "竖列；栏",
    "en": "a vertical arrangement of items or a printed page section"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专栏",
    "en": "a regular newspaper or magazine feature on a particular subject"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "柱；柱状物",
    "en": "a tall upright structure, often supporting a roof"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Put the prices in the column beside each item.",
    "zh": "把价格填在每件商品旁边的那一列里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The newspaper's weekly science column helps readers understand how new discoveries may affect everyday life.",
    "zh": "这家报纸每周的科学专栏帮助读者了解新发现可能如何影响日常生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a column of figures｜一列数字",
   "a newspaper column｜报纸专栏",
   "a stone column｜石柱",
   "a column of smoke｜烟柱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "columnist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "column 是竖列，row 是横行；词尾 n 不发音。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "column"
 },
 {
  "w": "remind",
  "uk": "/rɪˈmaɪnd/",
  "us": "/rɪˈmaɪnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提醒",
    "en": "Help someone remember something they need to do or know"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使想起",
    "en": "Make someone think of a similar person, thing, or experience"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please remind me to take my umbrella before we leave.",
    "zh": "出门前请提醒我带伞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should regularly remind students to protect their personal information when using online learning platforms.",
    "zh": "学校应定期提醒学生，在使用在线学习平台时保护个人信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remind someone to do something｜提醒某人做某事",
   "remind someone of something｜使某人想起某事",
   "gently remind｜轻声提醒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reminder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "prompt"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "提醒去做用remind sb to do；使想起用of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "remind"
 },
 {
  "w": "promote",
  "uk": "/prəˈməʊt/",
  "us": "/prəˈmoʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "促进；提倡",
    "en": "to encourage something to develop or become more widely accepted"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "晋升；提拔",
    "en": "to give someone a higher position at work"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "宣传；推销",
    "en": "to attract attention to something to increase interest or sales"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our local club promotes cycling through free weekend rides.",
    "zh": "我们当地的俱乐部通过免费的周末骑行活动推广骑车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can promote healthier lifestyles by providing nutritious meals and encouraging students to take regular exercise.",
    "zh": "学校可以通过提供营养餐并鼓励学生定期锻炼来倡导更健康的生活方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "promote economic growth｜促进经济增长",
   "promote awareness｜提高意识",
   "be promoted to manager｜获晋升为经理",
   "promote a product｜推销产品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "promotion (n.)",
   "promotional (adj.)",
   "promoter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "encourage",
   "advance"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "demote"
  ],
  "tip": "晋升到某职位用be promoted to＋职位。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "promote"
 },
 {
  "w": "orchestra",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːkɪstrə/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːrkɪstrə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "管弦乐队",
    "en": "A large group of musicians playing different instruments together."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The orchestra began playing as the lights dimmed.",
    "zh": "灯光暗下来时，管弦乐队开始演奏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public funding helps the local orchestra offer affordable concerts and introduce classical music to younger audiences.",
    "zh": "公共资助帮助当地管弦乐队举办票价亲民的音乐会，并向年轻观众介绍古典音乐。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "symphony orchestra｜交响乐团",
   "conduct an orchestra｜指挥管弦乐队",
   "play in an orchestra｜在管弦乐队演奏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "orchestral (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指整个乐队；成员通常演奏弦乐、管乐及打击乐器。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "orchestra"
 },
 {
  "w": "physical",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪzɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪzɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "身体的；体力的",
    "en": "Relating to the body rather than the mind."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "物质的；有形的",
    "en": "Existing as something real that can be touched or measured."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "物理的",
    "en": "Relating to natural forces, matter, and energy."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Gardening gives me plenty of physical exercise every weekend.",
    "zh": "每个周末做园艺活都让我得到充分的身体锻炼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular physical activity can improve public health and reduce the financial pressure on national healthcare systems.",
    "zh": "规律的体育活动能够改善公众健康，并减轻国家医疗体系的财政压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "physical activity｜身体活动",
   "physical health｜身体健康",
   "physical properties｜物理性质",
   "physical evidence｜实物证据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "physically (adv.)",
   "physicality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bodily",
   "material"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "mental"
  ],
  "tip": "physical偏身体或物质；physiological指生理的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "physical"
 },
 {
  "w": "pipe",
  "uk": "/paɪp/",
  "us": "/paɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "管子；管道",
    "en": "A hollow tube that carries liquid or gas."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用管道输送",
    "en": "To carry liquid or gas through pipes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烟斗",
    "en": "A small bowl with a tube used for smoking tobacco."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Water dripped from a broken pipe under the sink.",
    "zh": "水从洗涤槽下面一根破裂的管子里滴下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing damaged water pipes can help cities conserve resources and ensure a reliable supply of clean drinking water.",
    "zh": "更换受损水管可以帮助城市节约资源，并确保清洁饮用水的可靠供应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "water pipe｜水管",
   "a burst pipe｜爆裂的管道",
   "pipe water to｜用管道把水输送到"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "piping (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tube"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pipe可作动词：pipe water to把水输送到某处。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pipe"
 },
 {
  "w": "billion",
  "uk": "/ˈbɪljən/",
  "us": "/ˈbɪljən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "十亿",
    "en": "one thousand million"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "数十亿；大量",
    "en": "an extremely large quantity, usually expressed as billions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The science museum displayed a rock a billion years old.",
    "zh": "科学博物馆展出了一块有十亿年历史的岩石。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments spend billions of dollars on transport infrastructure to support economic growth and connect isolated communities.",
    "zh": "各国政府投入数十亿美元建设交通基础设施，以促进经济增长并连接偏远社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a billion dollars｜十亿美元",
   "billions of people｜数十亿人",
   "a billion years｜十亿年"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "billionaire (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "具体数值后不加s；泛指数十亿用billions of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "billion"
 },
 {
  "w": "medical",
  "uk": "/ˈmedɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmedɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "医学的；医疗的",
    "en": "Related to medicine or the treatment of illness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体格检查",
    "en": "An examination to check a person's health."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hotel called for medical help when a guest fainted.",
    "zh": "一位客人晕倒后，酒店呼叫了医疗救助。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should improve access to medical services in rural areas where hospitals are often far away.",
    "zh": "政府应改善农村地区的医疗服务可及性，因为那里的医院往往距离很远。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "medical treatment｜医疗",
   "medical research｜医学研究",
   "medical care｜医疗护理",
   "have a medical｜接受体检"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "medically (adv.)",
   "medicine (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "medical作名词多用于英式英语，指体检，不指医生。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "medical"
 },
 {
  "w": "stripes",
  "uk": "/straɪps/",
  "us": "/straɪps/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "条纹",
    "en": "Long narrow bands differing in colour from the surrounding surface"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My favourite shirt has blue stripes across the front.",
    "zh": "我最喜欢的衬衫正面有蓝色条纹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers investigate how zebra stripes may discourage biting insects, potentially revealing useful strategies for protecting livestock.",
    "zh": "研究人员探究斑马条纹如何阻止叮咬昆虫，这可能为保护牲畜提供有用策略。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vertical stripes｜竖条纹",
   "horizontal stripes｜横条纹",
   "narrow stripes｜细条纹",
   "black and white stripes｜黑白条纹"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stripe (n.)",
   "striped (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bands"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "stripes是stripe的复数；“条纹的”用striped。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stripes"
 },
 {
  "w": "editor",
  "uk": "/ˈedɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈedɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "编辑；主编",
    "en": "someone who prepares written material or manages a publication"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "剪辑师",
    "en": "someone who selects and arranges recorded images or sound"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "编辑程序",
    "en": "software used to change digital content"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The editor suggested a clearer ending for my story.",
    "zh": "编辑建议我给故事写一个更清楚的结尾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A newspaper editor must balance the public's right to information with respect for individual privacy.",
    "zh": "报纸编辑必须在公众知情权与尊重个人隐私之间取得平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chief editor｜主编",
   "film editor｜电影剪辑师",
   "text editor｜文本编辑器",
   "editor of a magazine｜杂志编辑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "edit (v.)",
   "editing (n.)",
   "editorial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "editor可指编辑人员，也可指编辑软件。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "editor"
 },
 {
  "w": "mixture",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪkstʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪkstʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "混合物；混合体",
    "en": "Something made by combining two or more different things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Stir the mixture until it becomes smooth and creamy.",
    "zh": "搅拌混合物，直到它变得顺滑绵密。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Successful cities offer a mixture of affordable housing, reliable transport, and accessible public spaces.",
    "zh": "成功的城市兼具可负担的住房、可靠的交通和方便使用的公共空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a mixture of｜……的混合体",
   "stir the mixture｜搅拌混合物",
   "a rich mixture｜丰富的组合"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mix (v.)",
   "mixed (adj.)",
   "mixer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "blend",
   "combination"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a mixture of 后可接物质，也可接情感等抽象事物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mixture"
 },
 {
  "w": "delay",
  "uk": "/dɪˈleɪ/",
  "us": "/dɪˈleɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推迟；使耽搁",
    "en": "To make something happen later than expected or planned."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "延误；耽搁的时间",
    "en": "A period of waiting before something happens or continues."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy snow delayed our flight until the next morning.",
    "zh": "大雪使我们的航班延误到第二天早上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Delays in public transport can reduce productivity and discourage people from leaving their cars at home.",
    "zh": "公共交通的延误会降低生产效率，并使人们不愿放弃开车出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "delay a decision｜推迟决定",
   "a lengthy delay｜长时间延误",
   "without delay｜立即；毫不耽搁",
   "delay doing something｜推迟做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "delayed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "postpone"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词后接动名词：delay doing，不用to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "delay"
 },
 {
  "w": "laughter",
  "uk": "/ˈlɑːftə/",
  "us": "/ˈlæftər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "笑；笑声",
    "en": "The sound or action of laughing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Laughter filled the kitchen when the puppy sneezed.",
    "zh": "小狗一打喷嚏，厨房里便充满了笑声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shared laughter can strengthen social bonds and help people manage stress in demanding work environments.",
    "zh": "一起欢笑可以增进人际联系，帮助人们应对高压工作环境中的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "burst into laughter｜突然大笑",
   "roar with laughter｜放声大笑",
   "a burst of laughter｜一阵笑声",
   "infectious laughter｜有感染力的笑声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "laugh (v.)",
   "laughing (adj.)",
   "laughable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "laughter不可数；表示“一阵笑声”用a burst of laughter。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "laughter"
 },
 {
  "w": "shave",
  "uk": "/ʃeɪv/",
  "us": "/ʃeɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "剃；刮去毛发",
    "en": "To remove hair from skin using a razor."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "削去薄片；少量削减",
    "en": "To remove thin pieces or reduce something by a small amount."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "剃须；刮脸",
    "en": "An act of removing facial hair with a razor."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I shave every morning before leaving for work.",
    "zh": "我每天早晨出门上班前都会刮胡子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved transport connections could shave several minutes off daily journeys and encourage more people to commute by train.",
    "zh": "改善交通衔接可以缩短几分钟的日常行程，并鼓励更多人乘火车通勤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shave your head｜剃光头",
   "have a shave｜刮胡子",
   "shave time off｜缩短时间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shaver (n.)",
   "shaving (n.)",
   "shaven (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式shaved；过去分词shaved或shaven。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shave"
 },
 {
  "w": "bend",
  "uk": "/bend/",
  "us": "/bend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弯曲；使弯曲",
    "en": "To become curved or make something curved."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弯腰；弯身",
    "en": "To move your body downwards or forwards from the waist."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "弯道；转弯处",
    "en": "A curved section of a road, river, or other long object."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Bend the wire gently to make a small hook.",
    "zh": "轻轻弯曲铁丝，做成一个小钩子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Drivers should reduce their speed before approaching a sharp bend, especially when road conditions are poor.",
    "zh": "驾驶员在接近急弯前应减速，尤其是在路况不佳时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bend your knees｜屈膝",
   "bend down｜弯下腰",
   "a sharp bend｜急弯",
   "bend the rules｜通融规则"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bent (adj.)",
   "bendable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "curve"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "straighten"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为bent；bend down表示弯下腰。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bend"
 },
 {
  "w": "lamb",
  "uk": "/læm/",
  "us": "/læm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "羔羊；小羊",
    "en": "a young sheep"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "羊羔肉",
    "en": "meat from a young sheep, eaten as food"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small lamb followed its mother across the field.",
    "zh": "一只小羊跟着妈妈穿过田野。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Producing lamb requires land and water, so its environmental impact should be considered when planning sustainable diets.",
    "zh": "生产羊羔肉需要土地和水，因此规划可持续饮食时应考虑其环境影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "newborn lamb｜新生羔羊",
   "roast lamb｜烤羊羔肉",
   "lamb chops｜羊排"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lambing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "词尾b不发音；指小羊可数，指肉不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lamb"
 },
 {
  "w": "pride",
  "uk": "/praɪd/",
  "us": "/praɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自豪；得意",
    "en": "Pleasure and satisfaction in achievements, qualities, or people you value."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自尊；自负",
    "en": "Respect for yourself, sometimes involving an exaggerated sense of importance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "以……为傲",
    "en": "To feel especially pleased about your own qualities or achievements."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her face shone with pride as she displayed her painting.",
    "zh": "她展示画作时，脸上洋溢着自豪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can foster community pride by encouraging students to participate in projects that improve their local environment.",
    "zh": "学校可以鼓励学生参与改善当地环境的项目，从而培养社区自豪感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take pride in｜为……感到自豪",
   "a sense of pride｜自豪感",
   "hurt someone's pride｜伤害某人的自尊",
   "pride yourself on｜以自身的……为傲"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "proud (adj.)",
   "proudly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "shame"
  ],
  "tip": "动词用pride oneself on；形容词用proud of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pride"
 },
 {
  "w": "cap",
  "uk": "/kæp/",
  "us": "/kæp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "便帽；鸭舌帽",
    "en": "a soft hat, often with a stiff front part"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瓶盖；保护盖",
    "en": "a cover fitted over the end or opening of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "限制上限",
    "en": "to set a maximum amount or level for something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He pulled on his cap before leaving for practice.",
    "zh": "他戴上帽子后出门去训练。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments could cap annual rent increases to protect households from sudden rises in housing costs.",
    "zh": "政府可以限制年度租金涨幅，以保护家庭免受住房成本骤增的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "baseball cap｜棒球帽",
   "bottle cap｜瓶盖",
   "cap spending｜限制支出",
   "a cap on fees｜费用上限"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "capped (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cap作动词指设上限；a cap on后接受限项目。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cap"
 },
 {
  "w": "disaster",
  "uk": "/dɪˈzɑːstə/",
  "us": "/dɪˈzæstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灾难；灾祸",
    "en": "An event causing great damage, suffering, or loss."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "彻底的失败；糟糕的事",
    "en": "Something that goes extremely badly or fails completely."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dinner was a disaster because I burned the rice.",
    "zh": "晚餐糟透了，因为我把米饭烧焦了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective early warning systems can reduce the damage caused by natural disasters and help communities recover more quickly.",
    "zh": "有效的预警系统可以减少自然灾害造成的损失，并帮助社区更快恢复。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "natural disaster｜自然灾害",
   "disaster relief｜灾害救援",
   "avert disaster｜避免灾难",
   "a complete disaster｜彻底的失败"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disastrous (adj.)",
   "disastrously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "catastrophe",
   "calamity"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "也可夸张形容失败：The party was a disaster。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disaster"
 },
 {
  "w": "peach",
  "uk": "/piːtʃ/",
  "us": "/piːtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "桃；桃子",
    "en": "A juicy fruit with fuzzy skin and a large hard stone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "桃色的；浅粉橙色的",
    "en": "Having a pale pinkish orange colour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sliced a ripe peach into her breakfast bowl.",
    "zh": "她把一个熟桃切成片，放进早餐碗里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Peach growers may face reduced harvests when unusually warm winters disrupt the trees' natural flowering cycle.",
    "zh": "冬季异常温暖会扰乱桃树的自然开花周期，桃农可能因此面临减产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a ripe peach｜熟桃",
   "peach juice｜桃汁",
   "a peach tree｜桃树"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "peachy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "桃核英式常说 stone，美式常说 pit。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "peach"
 },
 {
  "w": "burglar",
  "uk": "/ˈbɜːɡlə/",
  "us": "/ˈbɝːɡlər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "入室盗贼",
    "en": "someone who enters a building illegally to steal things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A burglar climbed through the window while everyone was away.",
    "zh": "大家都不在家时，一名窃贼爬窗而入。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved street lighting and secure doors may discourage burglars from targeting homes in residential areas.",
    "zh": "改善街道照明并安装牢固的门，可能使窃贼不敢对住宅区的房屋下手。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "burglar alarm｜防盗警报器",
   "deter burglars｜震慑入室盗贼",
   "catch a burglar｜抓住入室盗贼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "burglary (n.)",
   "burgle (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "burglar指入室盗贼；robber通常指使用威胁的劫匪。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "burglar"
 },
 {
  "w": "sender",
  "uk": "/ˈsendə/",
  "us": "/ˈsendər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "寄件人；发送者",
    "en": "A person who sends a message, letter or package."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sender wrapped the parcel carefully before posting it.",
    "zh": "寄件人在邮寄前仔细包好了包裹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Email users should verify the sender before opening attachments to reduce the risk of digital fraud.",
    "zh": "电子邮件用户应在打开附件前核实发件人，以降低网络诈骗的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the sender's address｜寄件人地址",
   "return to sender｜退回寄件人",
   "an unknown sender｜未知发件人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "send (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "recipient"
  ],
  "tip": "sender是发送者，recipient是接收者。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sender"
 },
 {
  "w": "crop",
  "uk": "/krɒp/",
  "us": "/krɑːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "庄稼；农作物",
    "en": "a plant grown in large quantities for food or other uses"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一季的收成",
    "en": "the amount of a plant harvested at one time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "裁剪；剪短",
    "en": "to remove outer parts of an image or cut hair short"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer checked his wheat crop after the storm.",
    "zh": "暴风雨过后，农民查看了自己的小麦。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising temperatures may reduce crop yields, threatening food security in regions that already experience water shortages.",
    "zh": "气温上升可能导致农作物减产，威胁本就缺水地区的粮食安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grow crops｜种植庄稼",
   "crop yields｜农作物产量",
   "a bumper crop｜大丰收",
   "crop a photo｜裁剪照片"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "crop既指庄稼也指收成；动词可指裁剪照片。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crop"
 },
 {
  "w": "impress",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpres/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpres/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使钦佩；留下深刻印象",
    "en": "to make someone admire or respect someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使铭记；使意识到重要性",
    "en": "to make someone understand how important something is"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her homemade bread impressed everyone at the family dinner.",
    "zh": "她自制的面包让家宴上的每个人都赞不绝口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Applicants can impress potential employers by explaining how their practical experience matches the requirements of the role.",
    "zh": "求职者可以说明自己的实践经验如何符合岗位要求，从而给潜在雇主留下好印象。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "impress someone with｜以……给某人留下好印象",
   "be impressed by｜对……印象深刻",
   "impress upon someone｜使某人牢记"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "impression (n.)",
   "impressive (adj.)",
   "impressed (adj.)",
   "impressively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "impressed形容人的感受；impressive形容事物令人赞叹。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "impress"
 },
 {
  "w": "fetch",
  "uk": "/fetʃ/",
  "us": "/fetʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "去取来；去接来",
    "en": "To go somewhere and bring someone or something back."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "售得；卖得",
    "en": "To be sold for a particular amount of money."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you fetch my jacket from the bedroom?",
    "zh": "你能去卧室把我的夹克拿来吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Homes near reliable public transport often fetch higher prices because buyers value convenient access to employment.",
    "zh": "公共交通便利可靠的地段，住宅往往售价更高，因为买家重视通勤的便利性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fetch some water｜去取些水",
   "fetch someone from school｜去学校接某人",
   "fetch a high price｜卖个高价"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fetch强调去后取回；bring只强调带来。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fetch"
 },
 {
  "w": "badge",
  "uk": "/bædʒ/",
  "us": "/bædʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "徽章；身份标识",
    "en": "A small item worn to show identity, membership, or achievement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She pinned her new badge onto her jacket.",
    "zh": "她把新徽章别在了夹克上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Requiring visitors to wear a visible badge can improve security in schools and other public buildings.",
    "zh": "要求访客佩戴醒目的身份徽章，有助于提高学校及其他公共建筑的安全性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wear a badge｜佩戴徽章",
   "identity badge｜身份识别牌",
   "a badge of honour｜荣誉的象征"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指佩戴的小徽章；奖牌一般用medal。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "badge"
 },
 {
  "w": "freeze",
  "uk": "/friːz/",
  "us": "/friːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "结冰；冷冻",
    "en": "To become ice or make something extremely cold and solid."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "冻结；暂停",
    "en": "To stop something changing or being used temporarily."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "突然僵住",
    "en": "To stop moving suddenly because of fear or surprise."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Freeze the leftover soup and eat it next week.",
    "zh": "把剩下的汤冷冻起来，下周再喝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments may freeze public transport fares to reduce financial pressure on households during economic downturns.",
    "zh": "在经济低迷时期，政府可能会冻结公共交通票价，以减轻家庭的经济压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "freeze food｜冷冻食物",
   "freeze wages｜冻结工资",
   "freeze with fear｜吓得僵住"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "frozen (adj.)",
   "freezing (adj.)",
   "freezer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "thaw"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式froze，过去分词frozen。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "freeze"
 },
 {
  "w": "customs",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌstəmz/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌstəmz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海关",
    "en": "The authority or place checking goods entering a country"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "关税",
    "en": "Taxes charged on goods brought into a country"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "风俗；习俗",
    "en": "Traditional practices shared by a community or social group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We opened our suitcases for inspection at customs.",
    "zh": "我们在海关打开行李箱接受检查。"
   },
   {
    "en": "More efficient customs procedures can reduce delays at borders and support international trade without weakening security.",
    "zh": "更高效的海关程序可以减少边境延误，在不削弱安全保障的情况下促进国际贸易。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go through customs｜过海关",
   "customs officer｜海关官员",
   "customs duty｜关税",
   "local customs｜当地习俗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "custom (n.)",
   "customary (adj.)",
   "customarily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示海关时保留词尾s；custom单数不表示海关。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "customs"
 },
 {
  "w": "pharmacy",
  "uk": "/ˈfɑːməsi/",
  "us": "/ˈfɑːrməsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "药店；药房",
    "en": "A shop or hospital department that prepares and supplies medicines."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "药剂学",
    "en": "The study and practice of preparing and supplying medicines."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I collected my medicine from the pharmacy after lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭后，我去药店取了药。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A community pharmacy can improve access to healthcare by offering professional advice close to people's homes.",
    "zh": "社区药店能在居民家附近提供专业建议，使医疗保健服务更易获得。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "community pharmacy｜社区药店",
   "hospital pharmacy｜医院药房",
   "study pharmacy｜学习药剂学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pharmacist (n.)",
   "pharmaceutical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "chemist's",
   "drugstore"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "药店可数，药剂学不可数；药剂师是pharmacist。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pharmacy"
 },
 {
  "w": "headmaster",
  "uk": "/ˌhedˈmɑːstə/",
  "us": "/ˌhedˈmæstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男校长",
    "en": "A man who is in charge of a school."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The headmaster welcomed new pupils at the school gate.",
    "zh": "男校长在校门口迎接新生。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The headmaster introduced a mentoring programme to help younger pupils develop confidence and settle into school life.",
    "zh": "男校长推行了一项辅导计划，帮助低年级学生建立信心并适应学校生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "school headmaster｜学校男校长",
   "deputy headmaster｜男副校长",
   "headmaster's office｜校长办公室"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "headmistress (n.)",
   "headship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指男性；英式headteacher不分性别，美式常用principal。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "headmaster"
 },
 {
  "w": "caring",
  "uk": "/ˈkeərɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈkerɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "体贴的；关心他人的",
    "en": "kind and concerned about other people's needs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "照护工作",
    "en": "the work of looking after people who need help"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our caring neighbour brought soup when I was ill.",
    "zh": "我生病时，体贴的邻居送来了汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A caring school environment can improve children's confidence and encourage them to seek help when needed.",
    "zh": "充满关怀的学校环境能增强孩子的信心，并鼓励他们在需要时寻求帮助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a caring attitude｜关怀的态度",
   "a caring profession｜照护类职业",
   "a caring environment｜充满关怀的环境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "care (v.)",
   "care (n.)",
   "careful (adj.)",
   "careless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "kind",
   "compassionate",
   "considerate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uncaring"
  ],
  "tip": "caring指关心别人；careful指做事小心。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "caring"
 },
 {
  "w": "multiplication",
  "uk": "/ˌmʌltɪplɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌmʌltəplɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乘法",
    "en": "Finding a total by adding equal groups together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大量增加；繁殖",
    "en": "An increase in quantity, often through repeated reproduction."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We practised multiplication by arranging buttons in equal rows.",
    "zh": "我们把纽扣排成等长的几行来练习乘法。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A strong understanding of multiplication helps children develop the mathematical skills needed for science and financial literacy.",
    "zh": "扎实理解乘法有助于儿童发展学习科学和掌握财务知识所需的数学技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "multiplication table｜乘法表",
   "multiplication sign｜乘号",
   "rapid multiplication｜快速繁殖；迅速增加"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "multiply (v.)",
   "multiplier (n.)",
   "multiple (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "division"
  ],
  "tip": "乘法用multiplication；乘以可用multiplied by。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "multiplication"
 },
 {
  "w": "dislike",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈlaɪk/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈlaɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "不喜欢；厌恶",
    "en": "To find someone or something unpleasant or not enjoyable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "反感；不喜欢",
    "en": "A feeling of not liking someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I dislike waiting outside when it is raining.",
    "zh": "我不喜欢下雨时在外面等候。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some students dislike group assignments because they feel that individual contributions are not assessed fairly.",
    "zh": "一些学生不喜欢小组作业，因为他们觉得个人贡献没有得到公平评价。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dislike doing something｜不喜欢做某事",
   "a strong dislike of｜对……的强烈反感",
   "take a dislike to｜开始讨厌"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "like"
  ],
  "tip": "dislike后接名词或动名词：dislike waiting。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dislike"
 },
 {
  "w": "lecture",
  "uk": "/ˈlektʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈlektʃɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "讲座；大学课堂讲授",
    "en": "an educational talk given to an audience, especially university students"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "讲课；作讲座",
    "en": "to give an educational talk to an audience"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "训斥；说教",
    "en": "to criticize someone at length about their behaviour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I stayed after the lecture to ask a question.",
    "zh": "讲座结束后，我留下来问了一个问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should combine traditional lectures with practical activities that encourage students to apply their knowledge.",
    "zh": "大学应将传统授课与鼓励学生运用知识的实践活动结合起来。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attend a lecture｜听讲座",
   "give a lecture｜作讲座",
   "lecture on biology｜讲授生物学",
   "lecture someone about｜就某事训斥某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lecturer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lecture on讲授某主题；lecture someone可指训斥。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lecture"
 },
 {
  "w": "filling",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "馅；夹心",
    "en": "Food placed inside a pie, sandwich, or similar item."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "补牙填料",
    "en": "Material used to repair a hole in a tooth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "容易使人吃饱的",
    "en": "Making you feel full after eating."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This pie has a warm apple and cinnamon filling.",
    "zh": "这个派里面是热乎乎的苹果肉桂馅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School lunches should offer filling meals that provide sufficient nutrients to support children's growth and concentration.",
    "zh": "学校午餐应提供有饱腹感且营养充足的饭菜，以支持儿童成长并帮助他们集中注意力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sandwich filling｜三明治夹馅",
   "a dental filling｜补牙填料",
   "a filling meal｜顶饱的一餐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fill (v.)",
   "filled (adj.)",
   "filler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作形容词表示食物顶饱，不表示人已经吃饱。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "filling"
 },
 {
  "w": "admire",
  "uk": "/ədˈmaɪə/",
  "us": "/ədˈmaɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "钦佩；敬佩",
    "en": "To respect someone for their qualities or achievements"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "欣赏；赞赏",
    "en": "To look at something with pleasure because it is attractive"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I admire my sister for staying calm under pressure.",
    "zh": "我钦佩姐姐在压力下依然保持冷静。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People often admire successful athletes for their determination, but consistent training is equally important.",
    "zh": "人们常因成功运动员的毅力而钦佩他们，但坚持训练同样重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "admire someone for something｜因某事钦佩某人",
   "greatly admire｜十分钦佩",
   "admire the view｜欣赏风景"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "admiration (n.)",
   "admirable (adj.)",
   "admirably (adv.)",
   "admirer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "respect",
   "appreciate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "despise"
  ],
  "tip": "admire sb for sth：因某事钦佩某人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "admire"
 },
 {
  "w": "condition",
  "uk": "/kənˈdɪʃən/",
  "us": "/kənˈdɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "状况；状态",
    "en": "The physical state of someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "条件；环境",
    "en": "A requirement, or circumstances affecting life or activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疾病；健康问题",
    "en": "A medical problem affecting someone's health"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Despite its age, this bicycle is in excellent condition.",
    "zh": "这辆自行车虽然年头已久，但状况极佳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving working conditions can increase employee satisfaction and reduce the number of people leaving their jobs.",
    "zh": "改善工作条件可以提高员工满意度，并减少离职人数。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in good condition｜状况良好",
   "working conditions｜工作条件",
   "on condition that｜条件是",
   "medical condition｜疾病；健康问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conditional (adj.)",
   "conditionally (adv.)",
   "unconditional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "state",
   "requirement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表状态通常不可数；表工作、生活环境常用复数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "condition"
 },
 {
  "w": "separate",
  "uk": "/ˈseprət/ (adj.); /ˈsepəreɪt/ (v.)",
  "us": "/ˈseprət/ (adj.); /ˈsepəreɪt/ (v.)",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "分开的；各自的",
    "en": "not joined, shared, or considered together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分开；分离",
    "en": "to divide things or move them apart"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We keep clean towels in a separate cupboard.",
    "zh": "我们把干净毛巾放在一个单独的柜子里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should provide separate bins for recyclable materials to make household waste sorting easier.",
    "zh": "地方政府应为可回收材料提供专用垃圾桶，让家庭垃圾分类更方便。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "separate rooms｜分开的房间",
   "separate from｜与……分开",
   "separate accounts｜独立账户",
   "separate waste｜分类垃圾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "separation (n.)",
   "separately (adv.)",
   "inseparable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "distinct"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "joint"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词词尾读/ət/，动词词尾读/eɪt/。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "separate"
 },
 {
  "w": "pure",
  "uk": "/pjʊə/",
  "us": "/pjʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "纯的；无杂质的",
    "en": "not mixed with other substances"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "纯粹的；完全的",
    "en": "complete and containing nothing of a different kind"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "纯理论的",
    "en": "concerned with theory rather than practical uses"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This soft scarf is made from pure wool.",
    "zh": "这条柔软的围巾是纯羊毛制成的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in pure science can lead to unexpected discoveries with important practical applications decades later.",
    "zh": "对纯理论科学的投资可能带来意想不到的发现，并在几十年后产生重要的实际应用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pure water｜纯净水",
   "pure wool｜纯羊毛",
   "pure chance｜纯属偶然",
   "pure mathematics｜纯数学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "purity (n.)",
   "purely (adv.)",
   "purify (v.)",
   "impure (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unmixed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "impure"
  ],
  "tip": "pure既可指无杂质，也可加强语气，如pure luck。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pure"
 },
 {
  "w": "yawn",
  "uk": "/jɔːn/",
  "us": "/jɑːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打哈欠",
    "en": "Open your mouth widely and breathe deeply from tiredness or boredom."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "哈欠",
    "en": "An involuntary wide opening of the mouth with a deep breath."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I yawned twice while waiting for the kettle to boil.",
    "zh": "等水壶里的水烧开时，我打了两次哈欠。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who regularly yawn during morning lessons may not be getting enough sleep at night.",
    "zh": "经常在早课上打哈欠的学生，可能夜间睡眠不足。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "give a yawn｜打个哈欠",
   "stifle a yawn｜忍住哈欠",
   "yawn widely｜张大嘴打哈欠"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "打哈欠可说yawn或give a yawn。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "yawn"
 },
 {
  "w": "chilli",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃɪli/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃɪli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "辣椒",
    "en": "a small pepper with a strong, hot taste"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "辣味肉末豆子炖菜",
    "en": "a spicy dish usually made with meat, beans, and tomatoes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Add one chopped chilli if you like spicy food.",
    "zh": "如果你喜欢吃辣，就加一根切碎的辣椒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers growing chilli peppers may need reliable irrigation systems as rising temperatures increase water demand.",
    "zh": "随着气温上升导致需水量增加，辣椒种植户可能需要可靠的灌溉系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fresh chilli｜新鲜辣椒",
   "chilli powder｜辣椒粉",
   "chilli sauce｜辣椒酱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写chilli，美式通常写chili。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chilli"
 },
 {
  "w": "ripe",
  "uk": "/raɪp/",
  "us": "/raɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "果实成熟的",
    "en": "Fully grown and ready to eat or harvest"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "时机成熟的；适宜的",
    "en": "Ready for a particular action or development"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These ripe peaches smell wonderful and taste very sweet.",
    "zh": "这些熟桃子闻起来很香，吃起来很甜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "With public support growing, the time is ripe for governments to invest more in renewable energy.",
    "zh": "随着公众支持度上升，政府加大可再生能源投资的时机已经成熟。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ripe fruit｜成熟的水果",
   "fully ripe｜完全成熟的",
   "ripe for change｜变革时机成熟的",
   "the time is ripe｜时机已经成熟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ripen (v.)",
   "ripeness (n.)",
   "unripe (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unripe"
  ],
  "tip": "水果成熟用ripe；人心智成熟通常用mature。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ripe"
 },
 {
  "w": "stinky",
  "uk": "/ˈstɪŋki/",
  "us": "/ˈstɪŋki/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "臭的；难闻的",
    "en": "having a strong, unpleasant smell"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please leave those stinky shoes outside the front door.",
    "zh": "请把那些臭鞋放在前门外。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents often describe neglected rubbish bins as stinky, highlighting how poor waste collection affects daily life.",
    "zh": "居民常说无人清理的垃圾桶臭气熏天，这凸显了垃圾清运不力对日常生活的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stinky socks｜臭袜子",
   "stinky shoes｜臭鞋",
   "stinky rubbish｜发臭的垃圾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stink (v.)",
   "stink (n.)",
   "stinking (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "smelly",
   "foul-smelling"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fragrant"
  ],
  "tip": "非正式用语；正式写作可用foul-smelling。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stinky"
 },
 {
  "w": "talented",
  "uk": "/ˈtæləntɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈtæləntɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有天赋的；有才能的",
    "en": "Having a natural ability to do something very well."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My talented cousin painted this beautiful picture of our garden.",
    "zh": "我那位有绘画天赋的表亲画了这幅漂亮的花园图。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should provide opportunities for talented students to develop their abilities beyond the standard curriculum.",
    "zh": "学校应为有才华的学生提供机会，让他们在标准课程之外发展自己的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a talented musician｜有天赋的音乐家",
   "a talented artist｜有才华的艺术家",
   "highly talented｜极具天赋的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "talent (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gifted",
   "skilled"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "untalented"
  ],
  "tip": "talented强调天赋；skilled强调熟练技能。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "talented"
 },
 {
  "w": "jealous",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒeləs/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒeləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "嫉妒的",
    "en": "unhappy because someone has something you want"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "因担心失去爱而吃醋的",
    "en": "upset because someone you love shows interest in another person"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt jealous when my cousin got a bicycle.",
    "zh": "表弟得到一辆自行车时，我心里很嫉妒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Social media can make users jealous of others whose lives appear more successful or exciting.",
    "zh": "社交媒体可能让用户嫉妒那些生活看起来更成功或更精彩的人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "jealous of someone｜嫉妒某人",
   "feel jealous｜感到嫉妒",
   "a jealous partner｜爱吃醋的伴侣"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jealousy (n.)",
   "jealously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "envious"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用be jealous of；既可指嫉妒，也可指吃醋。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jealous"
 },
 {
  "w": "peanut",
  "uk": "/ˈpiːnʌt/",
  "us": "/ˈpiːnʌt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "花生；花生米",
    "en": "an edible seed that grows underground inside a thin shell"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "极少的钱",
    "en": "a very small amount of money, expressed as peanuts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She cracked the shell and ate the peanut inside.",
    "zh": "她剥开壳，吃掉了里面的花生米。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should consider peanut allergies when planning meals to ensure that all children can eat safely.",
    "zh": "学校安排膳食时应考虑花生过敏问题，确保所有儿童都能安全用餐。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "peanut butter｜花生酱",
   "peanut allergy｜花生过敏",
   "roasted peanuts｜烤花生",
   "work for peanuts｜为微薄报酬工作"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“极少的钱”时用复数peanuts，属非正式用法。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "peanut"
 },
 {
  "w": "legal",
  "uk": "/ˈliːɡl/",
  "us": "/ˈliːɡl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "法律的；与法律有关的",
    "en": "Relating to laws or the system that applies them"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "合法的；法律允许的",
    "en": "Allowed by the law"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sought legal advice before signing the rental agreement.",
    "zh": "签订租赁协议前，我们征求了法律意见。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to affordable legal services is essential for ensuring that disadvantaged citizens can defend their rights.",
    "zh": "让人们获得负担得起的法律服务，对保障弱势公民维护自身权利至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "legal advice｜法律意见",
   "legal action｜法律诉讼",
   "legal rights｜法定权利",
   "perfectly legal｜完全合法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "legally (adv.)",
   "legality (n.)",
   "illegal (adj.)",
   "legalise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lawful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "illegal"
  ],
  "tip": "legal可指“法律相关的”，不一定指“合法的”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "legal"
 },
 {
  "w": "kit",
  "uk": "/kɪt/",
  "us": "/kɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成套工具；装备",
    "en": "A set of tools or equipment for a particular activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组装套件",
    "en": "A set of parts used to build something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We keep a first aid kit in the car.",
    "zh": "我们在车里备有一个急救包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should provide basic science kits so that all pupils can take part in practical experiments.",
    "zh": "学校应提供基础科学实验套件，让所有学生都能参与动手实验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "first aid kit｜急救包",
   "tool kit｜成套工具",
   "repair kit｜修理工具包",
   "kit someone out｜给某人配齐装备"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "kit指成套用品；kit sb out表示给某人配装备。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kit"
 },
 {
  "w": "farther",
  "uk": "/ˈfɑːðə/",
  "us": "/ˈfɑːrðər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "更远地",
    "en": "At or to a greater distance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "更远的",
    "en": "Located at a greater distance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked farther along the beach before stopping for lunch.",
    "zh": "我们沿海滩又走了一段路才停下来吃午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As housing costs rise, many workers move farther from city centres and face longer daily commutes.",
    "zh": "随着住房成本上涨，许多上班族搬到离市中心更远的地方，每天通勤时间也随之增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "farther away｜更远处",
   "farther north｜更往北",
   "farther from home｜离家更远"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "far (adv)",
   "farthest (adv)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "further"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "nearer"
  ],
  "tip": "farther多指实际距离；进一步讨论用further。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "farther"
 },
 {
  "w": "landlady",
  "uk": "/ˈlændleɪdi/",
  "us": "/ˈlændleɪdi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女房东",
    "en": "a woman who rents property or rooms to other people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酒馆女老板",
    "en": "a woman who owns or manages a pub"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our landlady came round to fix the kitchen tap.",
    "zh": "我们的女房东过来修厨房水龙头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A responsible landlady should maintain safe housing conditions and respond promptly when tenants report serious problems.",
    "zh": "负责任的女房东应确保住房条件安全，并在租客报告严重问题时及时回应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ask the landlady｜询问女房东",
   "pay rent to the landlady｜向女房东交租",
   "pub landlady｜酒馆女老板"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "landlord (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "landlady指女性；landlord可泛指房东。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "landlady"
 },
 {
  "w": "hostess",
  "uk": "/ˈhəʊstəs/",
  "us": "/ˈhoʊstəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女主人；女东道主",
    "en": "A woman who welcomes and entertains guests."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "餐厅女迎宾员",
    "en": "A woman who welcomes customers and takes them to restaurant tables."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our hostess brought out fresh fruit after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚餐后，女主人端来了新鲜水果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A welcoming hostess can help international visitors feel comfortable and encourage meaningful conversations across cultures.",
    "zh": "热情的女主人能让国际访客感到自在，并促进有意义的跨文化交流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a gracious hostess｜亲切周到的女主人",
   "the perfect hostess｜无可挑剔的女主人",
   "restaurant hostess｜餐厅女迎宾员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "host (n.)",
   "host (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hostess特指女性；host如今也可用于任何性别。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hostess"
 },
 {
  "w": "easy-going",
  "uk": "/ˌiːzi ˈɡəʊɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌiːzi ˈɡoʊɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "随和的；不易烦躁的",
    "en": "relaxed and not easily upset or worried"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our easy-going neighbour never complains when our dog barks.",
    "zh": "我们随和的邻居从不因我们的狗叫而抱怨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although an easy-going management style can reduce workplace stress, clear expectations remain essential for maintaining productivity.",
    "zh": "虽然随和的管理风格能减轻职场压力，但明确的要求对保持生产力仍然至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an easy-going personality｜随和的性格",
   "an easy-going attitude｜随和的态度",
   "an easy-going manner｜随和的举止"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "relaxed",
   "laid-back"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uptight"
  ],
  "tip": "形容性格随和、不易生气，不表示懒惰。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "easy-going"
 },
 {
  "w": "silent",
  "uk": "/ˈsaɪlənt/",
  "us": "/ˈsaɪlənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "沉默的；不说话的",
    "en": "Not speaking or choosing not to speak."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无声的；寂静的",
    "en": "Making no sound or containing no noise."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不发音的",
    "en": "Written in a word but not pronounced."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He remained silent while his sister explained the problem.",
    "zh": "妹妹解释问题时，他一直没有说话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees may remain silent about workplace problems if they fear losing their jobs.",
    "zh": "如果员工担心失去工作，就可能对职场问题保持沉默。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remain silent｜保持沉默",
   "fall silent｜安静下来",
   "silent film｜无声电影",
   "silent letter｜不发音的字母"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "silence (n.)",
   "silence (v.)",
   "silently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "quiet",
   "soundless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "noisy",
   "talkative"
  ],
  "tip": "silent强调不出声；quiet也可表示声音很小。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "silent"
 },
 {
  "w": "enormous",
  "uk": "/ɪˈnɔːməs/",
  "us": "/ɪˈnɔːrməs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巨大的；极大的",
    "en": "extremely large in size, amount, or degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An enormous pumpkin filled the basket on our kitchen table.",
    "zh": "一个巨大的南瓜占满了厨房桌上的篮子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid urban growth places enormous pressure on housing, transport networks, and other essential public services.",
    "zh": "城市的快速发展给住房、交通网络及其他基本公共服务带来巨大压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enormous pressure｜巨大压力",
   "an enormous amount of｜大量的",
   "enormous potential｜巨大潜力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enormously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "huge",
   "immense",
   "vast"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tiny"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容体积，也可形容压力、数量或影响很大。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enormous"
 },
 {
  "w": "arrangement",
  "uk": "/əˈreɪndʒmənt/",
  "us": "/əˈreɪndʒmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "安排；筹备",
    "en": "A plan or preparation for something that will happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "排列；布置",
    "en": "The way objects are positioned or organised."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "商定；协议",
    "en": "An agreement about how something will be done."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We made arrangements for someone to feed the cat.",
    "zh": "我们安排了人来喂猫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working arrangements can help parents balance professional responsibilities with the demands of family life.",
    "zh": "灵活的工作安排可以帮助父母兼顾工作职责与家庭生活的需要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make arrangements｜作出安排",
   "travel arrangements｜旅行安排",
   "flower arrangement｜插花",
   "come to an arrangement｜达成协议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "arrange (v.)",
   "arranger (n.)",
   "rearrange (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示具体筹备常用复数：make arrangements for。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arrangement"
 },
 {
  "w": "technique",
  "uk": "/tekˈniːk/",
  "us": "/tekˈniːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方法；技巧；手法",
    "en": "A particular way of doing something, often requiring skill."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "技艺；技术水平",
    "en": "The skill someone shows when performing a particular activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The coach showed me a better technique for swimming.",
    "zh": "教练向我示范了一种更好的游泳技巧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can use a range of assessment techniques to identify learning difficulties before students fall behind.",
    "zh": "教师可以运用多种评估方法，在学生落后之前发现他们的学习困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a technique for doing something｜做某事的方法",
   "relaxation techniques｜放松技巧",
   "improve your technique｜提高技艺",
   "teaching techniques｜教学方法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "technical (adj.)",
   "technically (adv.)",
   "technician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "method",
   "approach"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "technique重在具体方法；technology指科技。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "technique"
 },
 {
  "w": "lay",
  "uk": "/leɪ/",
  "us": "/leɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放置；铺设",
    "en": "to put something down carefully or arrange it flat"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "产卵；下蛋",
    "en": "to produce eggs from the body"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "非专业的；非神职的",
    "en": "not professionally trained in a subject or ordained in religion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please lay the clean towels on the bathroom shelf.",
    "zh": "请把干净毛巾放在浴室架子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in early childhood education can lay the foundations for a more skilled and adaptable workforce.",
    "zh": "投资幼儿教育可以为培养技能更强、适应力更高的劳动力奠定基础。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lay the foundations｜奠定基础",
   "lay eggs｜产卵",
   "lay the table｜摆好餐具",
   "lay cables｜铺设电缆"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "place",
   "put"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "放置用lay–laid–laid；躺下用lie–lay–lain。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lay"
 },
 {
  "w": "compliment",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmplɪmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmplɪmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赞美；称赞",
    "en": "A remark expressing admiration or approval."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "称赞；赞美",
    "en": "To tell someone that you admire something about them."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her compliment about my cooking made me smile.",
    "zh": "她对我厨艺的称赞让我笑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers who compliment students on specific improvements can strengthen motivation and encourage continued effort.",
    "zh": "教师若针对学生的具体进步给予表扬，就能增强学习动力，鼓励他们继续努力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pay someone a compliment｜称赞某人",
   "compliment someone on something｜称赞某人的某方面",
   "accept a compliment｜接受赞美",
   "a sincere compliment｜真诚的赞美"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "complimentary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "praise"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "insult"
  ],
  "tip": "compliment是赞美；complement是补充、相辅相成。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "compliment"
 },
 {
  "w": "refund",
  "uk": "/ˈriːfʌnd/",
  "us": "/ˈriːfʌnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "退款；退还的金额",
    "en": "Money returned after a purchase or an overpayment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "退还款项",
    "en": "To return money paid for something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop gave me a refund for the broken kettle.",
    "zh": "商店把坏水壶的货款退给了我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Airlines should offer passengers a full refund when flights are cancelled without reasonable alternatives.",
    "zh": "航班取消且没有合理的替代方案时，航空公司应向乘客提供全额退款。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a full refund｜全额退款",
   "request a refund｜申请退款",
   "refund the cost｜退还费用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "refundable (adj.)",
   "non-refundable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reimbursement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在前；动词读/rɪˈfʌnd/，重音在后。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "refund"
 },
 {
  "w": "gymnastics",
  "uk": "/dʒɪmˈnæstɪks/",
  "us": "/dʒɪmˈnæstɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体操",
    "en": "A sport involving controlled movements that develop strength, balance, and flexibility."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister practises gymnastics at the local sports centre.",
    "zh": "我姐姐在当地体育中心练体操。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Including gymnastics in school programmes can help children develop coordination, physical confidence, and an interest in exercise.",
    "zh": "将体操纳入学校课程有助于儿童提高协调性、增强身体自信，并培养运动兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "do gymnastics｜做体操",
   "artistic gymnastics｜竞技体操",
   "rhythmic gymnastics｜艺术体操"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gymnast (n.)",
   "gymnastic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "虽以-s结尾，表示运动时作单数：gymnastics is。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gymnastics"
 },
 {
  "w": "power",
  "uk": "/ˈpaʊə/",
  "us": "/ˈpaʊər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "权力；影响力",
    "en": "The ability or authority to control people, events, or decisions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动力；电力",
    "en": "Energy used to make machines and equipment work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为…提供动力",
    "en": "To supply energy that makes something work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The manager has the power to change our shifts.",
    "zh": "经理有权调整我们的班次。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Solar panels can power rural schools while reducing their dependence on expensive and unreliable fuel supplies.",
    "zh": "太阳能板可以为乡村学校供电，同时减少其对昂贵且不稳定的燃料供应的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "political power｜政治权力",
   "renewable power｜可再生能源电力",
   "power supply｜电源；电力供应",
   "the power to decide｜决定权"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "powerful (adj.)",
   "powerless (adj.)",
   "powerfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示有权做某事用have the power to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "power"
 },
 {
  "w": "podcast",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒdkɑːst/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːdkæst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "播客；播客节目",
    "en": "An online audio programme available to stream or download."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "制作并发布播客",
    "en": "To produce and distribute an online audio programme."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I listen to a cooking podcast while making dinner.",
    "zh": "我做晚饭时会听一档烹饪播客。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Educational podcasts allow learners to explore complex subjects while travelling or completing routine household tasks.",
    "zh": "教育类播客让学习者能够在出行或做日常家务时探索复杂的主题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "listen to a podcast｜收听播客",
   "podcast episode｜一期播客",
   "host a podcast｜主持播客节目",
   "subscribe to a podcast｜订阅播客"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "podcaster (n.)",
   "podcasting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "收听播客用listen to a podcast，别漏掉to。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "podcast"
 },
 {
  "w": "heavily",
  "uk": "/ˈhevɪli/",
  "us": "/ˈhevɪli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "大量地；很大程度上",
    "en": "To a great degree or in large amounts."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "沉重地；猛烈地",
    "en": "With great weight, force, or effort."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It rained heavily while we waited for the bus.",
    "zh": "我们等公交车时，雨下得很大。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Countries that rely heavily on imported fuel are particularly vulnerable to sudden changes in global energy prices.",
    "zh": "严重依赖进口燃料的国家尤其容易受到全球能源价格突变的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rain heavily｜下大雨",
   "rely heavily on｜严重依赖",
   "invest heavily in｜大量投资于",
   "breathe heavily｜喘粗气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "heavy (adj.)",
   "heaviness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "lightly"
  ],
  "tip": "表示下大雨用rain heavily，不用rain strongly。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "heavily"
 },
 {
  "w": "tank",
  "uk": "/tæŋk/",
  "us": "/tæŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "储液罐；水箱",
    "en": "A large container for holding liquids or gases."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "坦克",
    "en": "A heavily protected military vehicle that moves on tracks."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The fish swam behind a rock in the tank.",
    "zh": "鱼游到了水族箱里的一块石头后面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing a rainwater tank allows households to water gardens without relying entirely on treated drinking water.",
    "zh": "安装雨水储水箱能让家庭浇灌花园时不必完全依赖经过处理的饮用水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a water tank｜水箱",
   "a fuel tank｜燃油箱",
   "a fish tank｜水族箱",
   "fill the tank｜加满油箱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fish tank是水族箱；汽车的油箱用fuel tank。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tank"
 },
 {
  "w": "misunderstand",
  "uk": "/ˌmɪsʌndəˈstænd/",
  "us": "/ˌmɪsʌndərˈstænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "误解；误会",
    "en": "to understand someone's words, actions, or intentions incorrectly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't misunderstand me; I really want to help.",
    "zh": "请别误会我，我真的想帮忙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Patients may misunderstand medical advice when professionals use technical language rather than clear explanations suited to their audience.",
    "zh": "如果医务人员使用专业术语，而不是适合患者理解的清晰解释，患者可能会误解医嘱。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "misunderstand instructions｜误解指示",
   "misunderstand someone's intentions｜误会某人的意图",
   "easily misunderstood｜容易被误解"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "misunderstanding (n.)",
   "understand (v.)",
   "understanding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "misinterpret",
   "misread"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "understand"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为misunderstood。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "misunderstand"
 },
 {
  "w": "elementary",
  "uk": "/ˌelɪˈmentəri/",
  "us": "/ˌeləˈmentəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "基础的；初级的",
    "en": "Related to the simplest or first stages of learning."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "小学的",
    "en": "Relating to the first years of formal school education."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This course teaches elementary cooking skills to complete beginners.",
    "zh": "这门课程向零基础学员教授基本烹饪技巧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Elementary education should develop children's curiosity as well as their ability to read and calculate.",
    "zh": "小学教育不仅应培养儿童的阅读和计算能力，还应激发他们的好奇心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "elementary knowledge｜基础知识",
   "elementary school｜小学",
   "elementary education｜小学教育",
   "elementary level｜初级水平"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "basic",
   "introductory"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "advanced"
  ],
  "tip": "elementary school主要用于美式英语，英式常用primary school。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elementary"
 },
 {
  "w": "western",
  "uk": "/ˈwestən/",
  "us": "/ˈwestərn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "西部的；西方的",
    "en": "In, from, or relating to the west of an area."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "西方国家及文化的",
    "en": "Relating to Europe, North America, and their associated cultures."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "西部电影；西部小说",
    "en": "A film or story about the historical American West."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our cabin faces the lake on its western shore.",
    "zh": "我们的小屋位于湖的西岸，面朝湖水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in western regions could improve transport links and reduce economic inequalities within the country.",
    "zh": "对西部地区的投资可以改善交通联系，减少国内经济差距。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the western coast｜西海岸",
   "western regions｜西部地区",
   "Western culture｜西方文化",
   "a western film｜西部电影"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "west (n.)",
   "westward (adv.)",
   "westerner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "eastern"
  ],
  "tip": "指西方国家或文化时常大写为 Western。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "western"
 },
 {
  "w": "zone",
  "uk": "/zəʊn/",
  "us": "/zoʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "区域；地带",
    "en": "An area with a particular purpose, feature, or condition."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "划定用途区域",
    "en": "Officially assign land to a particular use."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cars are not allowed inside this quiet pedestrian zone.",
    "zh": "汽车不得驶入这片安静的步行区。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Creating a low-emission zone can reduce air pollution, provided that affordable public transport is available.",
    "zh": "只要有价格合理的公共交通，设立低排放区就能减少空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pedestrian zone｜步行区",
   "a time zone｜时区",
   "a residential zone｜住宅区",
   "zone land for housing｜将土地划为住宅用地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "zoning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "area",
   "district"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "zone强调特定用途或特征的区域；area含义更宽泛。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "zone"
 },
 {
  "w": "iron",
  "uk": "/ˈaɪən/",
  "us": "/ˈaɪərn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铁；铁元素",
    "en": "A strong metal used in construction and needed by the body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "熨斗",
    "en": "A tool with a heated base for smoothing clothes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "熨烫",
    "en": "To make clothes smooth using a heated iron."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These old iron gates are too heavy to lift.",
    "zh": "这些旧铁门太重，抬不起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A diet containing sufficient iron can help prevent anaemia, particularly among children and pregnant women.",
    "zh": "摄入足量铁的饮食有助于预防贫血，对儿童和孕妇尤其重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "iron deficiency｜缺铁",
   "iron ore｜铁矿石",
   "cast iron｜铸铁",
   "iron a shirt｜熨衬衫"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ironing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "铁是不可数名词；熨斗可数，用an iron。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "iron"
 },
 {
  "w": "movement",
  "uk": "/ˈmuːvmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈmuːvmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "移动；动作",
    "en": "an act of changing position or moving the body"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "社会运动",
    "en": "an organised effort by people seeking shared social change"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乐章",
    "en": "one main section of a long piece of music"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A sudden movement in the bushes caught my attention.",
    "zh": "灌木丛里突然有动静，引起了我的注意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The environmental movement has encouraged governments to adopt stronger policies on waste reduction and renewable energy.",
    "zh": "环保运动推动各国政府在减少废物和发展可再生能源方面采取更有力的政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "freedom of movement｜行动自由",
   "sudden movement｜突然的动作",
   "environmental movement｜环保运动",
   "social movement｜社会运动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "move (v.)",
   "movable (adj.)",
   "moving (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "motion"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "stillness"
  ],
  "tip": "指具体动作或社会运动时可数；泛指移动可不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "movement"
 },
 {
  "w": "mixed",
  "uk": "/mɪkst/",
  "us": "/mɪkst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "混合的；各类的",
    "en": "containing different types of things or people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "好坏参半的；矛盾的",
    "en": "including both positive and negative feelings, opinions, or results"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I bought a bag of mixed nuts for our picnic.",
    "zh": "我买了一袋混合坚果，准备野餐时吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The introduction of online lessons received mixed reactions from students, parents, and teachers.",
    "zh": "学生、家长和教师对引入网课的反应褒贬不一。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mixed feelings｜矛盾的心情",
   "mixed results｜好坏参半的结果",
   "mixed reactions｜褒贬不一的反应",
   "mixed nuts｜混合坚果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mix (v.)",
   "mixture (n.)",
   "mixing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assorted",
   "varied"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mixed feelings指心情矛盾；mixed也是mix的过去分词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mixed"
 },
 {
  "w": "pint",
  "uk": "/paɪnt/",
  "us": "/paɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "品脱（容量单位）",
    "en": "A liquid measure of about half a litre."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please add a pint of milk to the bowl.",
    "zh": "请往碗里加入一品脱牛奶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers comparing international recipes should note that a British pint is larger than an American pint.",
    "zh": "比较不同国家食谱的消费者应注意，英制品脱比美制品脱大。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pint of milk｜一品脱牛奶",
   "half a pint｜半品脱",
   "a pint glass｜品脱杯"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英制品脱约568毫升，美制液量品脱约473毫升。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pint"
 },
 {
  "w": "apart",
  "uk": "/əˈpɑːt/",
  "us": "/əˈpɑːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "相隔；分开",
    "en": "separated by distance or time; not together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "成碎片；散开",
    "en": "into separate pieces"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "除外",
    "en": "except for something being considered"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We planted the young trees two metres apart.",
    "zh": "我们把这些小树间隔两米种下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Living apart from their families can make international students more independent, but may also cause loneliness.",
    "zh": "与家人分开生活可以让留学生更加独立，但也可能带来孤独感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "far apart｜相距很远",
   "take apart｜拆开",
   "apart from｜除……之外",
   "tell apart｜区分"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "together"
  ],
  "tip": "apart from可指“除外”或“除……还”，需看语境。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "apart"
 },
 {
  "w": "expert",
  "uk": "/ˈekspɜːt/",
  "us": "/ˈekspɝːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专家；行家",
    "en": "Someone with extensive knowledge or skill in a particular subject."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "专业的；熟练的",
    "en": "Having or showing great knowledge or skill."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We asked an expert to examine the old painting.",
    "zh": "我们请了一位专家来鉴定这幅旧画。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should seek expert advice before introducing new technology into classrooms to support student learning.",
    "zh": "学校在将新技术引入课堂以辅助学生学习之前，应征求专家意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an expert on｜某方面的专家",
   "expert advice｜专家建议",
   "medical expert｜医学专家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expertise (n.)",
   "expertly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "specialist"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "novice"
  ],
  "tip": "expert on/in表示某领域的专家。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expert"
 },
 {
  "w": "alike",
  "uk": "/əˈlaɪk/",
  "us": "/əˈlaɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相似的；相像的",
    "en": "similar in appearance or character"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "同样地；两者都",
    "en": "in the same way, or equally for both groups"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These two jackets look alike, but one feels warmer.",
    "zh": "这两件夹克看起来很像，但有一件穿着更暖和。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public parks benefit children and adults alike by providing accessible spaces for exercise and relaxation.",
    "zh": "公共公园提供方便使用的运动和休闲空间，让儿童和成人同样受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "look alike｜看起来相像",
   "think alike｜想法相同",
   "treat everyone alike｜一视同仁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "likeness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "similar"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "different"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词通常放在系动词后，不放在名词前。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alike"
 },
 {
  "w": "celebration",
  "uk": "/ˌselɪˈbreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌseləˈbreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "庆祝活动；庆典",
    "en": "A special event held to mark a happy occasion."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "庆祝",
    "en": "The act of showing happiness about something special."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We decorated the garden for our grandparents' anniversary celebration.",
    "zh": "我们为祖父母的结婚周年庆祝活动布置了花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community celebrations can strengthen social bonds by bringing together residents from different cultural backgrounds.",
    "zh": "社区庆祝活动能让不同文化背景的居民相聚，从而加强社会联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hold a celebration｜举办庆祝活动",
   "in celebration of｜为庆祝……",
   "birthday celebration｜生日庆祝活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "celebrate (v.)",
   "celebratory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "festivity"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指具体庆祝活动时可数；指庆祝行为时不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "celebration"
 },
 {
  "w": "triangle",
  "uk": "/ˈtraɪæŋɡəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtraɪæŋɡəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "三角形",
    "en": "A flat shape with three straight sides and three angles."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "三角铁",
    "en": "A triangular metal musical instrument struck with a small metal stick."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fold the paper into a triangle before cutting it.",
    "zh": "先把纸折成三角形，再剪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers often use triangles in bridge designs because these shapes provide strength without requiring excessive material.",
    "zh": "工程师常在桥梁设计中采用三角形，因为这种形状无需耗用过多材料就能提供强度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "right-angled triangle｜直角三角形",
   "equilateral triangle｜等边三角形",
   "love triangle｜三角恋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "triangular (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式说right-angled triangle，美式常说right triangle。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "triangle"
 },
 {
  "w": "vinegar",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪnɪɡə/",
  "us": "/ˈvɪnɪɡɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "醋",
    "en": "A sour liquid used to flavour or preserve food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Add a little vinegar to the salad dressing.",
    "zh": "往沙拉酱里加一点醋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional food preservation methods often use vinegar to slow bacterial growth and extend the storage life of vegetables.",
    "zh": "传统食品保存方法常用醋来减缓细菌生长，延长蔬菜的储存时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rice vinegar｜米醋",
   "wine vinegar｜葡萄酒醋",
   "a splash of vinegar｜少量醋",
   "pickled in vinegar｜用醋腌制的"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数，表示数量可用a bottle of vinegar。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vinegar"
 },
 {
  "w": "chart",
  "uk": "/tʃɑːt/",
  "us": "/tʃɑːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "图表",
    "en": "a visual display of information, often showing comparisons or changes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "记录；跟踪；绘制图表",
    "en": "to record or show how something develops over time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海图；航图",
    "en": "a detailed map used for navigation at sea or in air"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This colourful chart shows how we spend our money.",
    "zh": "这张彩色图表展示了我们把钱花在了哪些方面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The chart compares the proportion of commuters using public transport in three different cities.",
    "zh": "该图表比较了三个不同城市中使用公共交通的通勤者比例。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bar chart｜条形图",
   "pie chart｜饼图",
   "chart progress｜记录进展",
   "navigation chart｜航海图"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "图表用chart；普通地图用map，海图可用chart。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chart"
 },
 {
  "w": "chilly",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃɪli/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃɪli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "寒冷的；有寒意的",
    "en": "Unpleasantly cold, though usually not extremely cold."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冷淡的；不友好的",
    "en": "Showing little warmth or friendliness towards someone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It felt chilly outside, so I grabbed my jacket.",
    "zh": "外面有些冷，所以我拿上了夹克。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing warm public spaces during chilly weather can help protect older residents from cold-related illnesses.",
    "zh": "在寒冷天气提供温暖的公共场所，有助于保护老年居民免受寒冷引发的疾病侵害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a chilly morning｜寒冷的早晨",
   "feel chilly｜觉得冷",
   "a chilly reception｜冷淡的接待"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chill (n.)",
   "chill (v.)",
   "chilliness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cold",
   "cool"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "warm"
  ],
  "tip": "chilly比freezing程度轻，也可形容态度冷淡。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chilly"
 },
 {
  "w": "talent",
  "uk": "/ˈtælənt/",
  "us": "/ˈtælənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天赋；才能",
    "en": "A natural ability to do something well."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人才；有才能的人",
    "en": "People who have strong abilities in a particular field."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin has a real talent for drawing animals.",
    "zh": "我的表亲画动物很有天赋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should nurture creative talent alongside academic skills to help students develop a wider range of abilities.",
    "zh": "学校应在培养学业技能的同时培育创造性才能，帮助学生发展更广泛的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a talent for｜在某方面的天赋",
   "natural talent｜天生的才能",
   "nurture talent｜培养人才",
   "attract talent｜吸引人才"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "talented (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gift",
   "aptitude"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示某方面的天赋，用a talent for加名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "talent"
 },
 {
  "w": "bounce",
  "uk": "/baʊns/",
  "us": "/baʊns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弹起；使弹跳",
    "en": "move back up after hitting a surface, or cause this"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "弹跳；反弹",
    "en": "a movement back up after hitting a surface"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "支票遭退票",
    "en": "be rejected by a bank because funds are insufficient"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The ball bounced over the fence into our neighbour's garden.",
    "zh": "球弹过篱笆，落进了邻居的花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local businesses can bounce back after economic shocks if they receive timely financial support.",
    "zh": "如果及时获得资金支持，当地企业就能在经济冲击后恢复元气。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bounce a ball｜拍球",
   "bounce back｜恢复元气",
   "a cheque bounces｜支票遭退票",
   "bounce ideas off someone｜与某人交流想法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bouncy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rebound"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bounce back既可指弹回，也常指受挫后恢复。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bounce"
 },
 {
  "w": "relaxation",
  "uk": "/ˌriːlækˈseɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌriːlækˈseɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "放松；休息",
    "en": "Rest or enjoyable activity that reduces stress and tension."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肌肉松弛",
    "en": "The process of muscles becoming less tight."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "规定的放宽",
    "en": "The act of making rules or restrictions less strict."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After work, I enjoy a warm bath for relaxation.",
    "zh": "下班后，我喜欢泡个热水澡放松一下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach relaxation techniques to help students manage anxiety before important examinations.",
    "zh": "学校应教授放松技巧，帮助学生缓解重要考试前的焦虑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "relaxation techniques｜放松技巧",
   "muscle relaxation｜肌肉松弛",
   "relaxation of restrictions｜限制的放宽"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "relax (v.)",
   "relaxed (adj.)",
   "relaxing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示放松、休息时通常不可数：for relaxation。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "relaxation"
 },
 {
  "w": "tuna",
  "uk": "/ˈtjuːnə/",
  "us": "/ˈtuːnə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金枪鱼；金枪鱼肉",
    "en": "a large sea fish, or its flesh eaten as food"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I made a tuna sandwich for lunch today.",
    "zh": "我今天做了一个金枪鱼三明治当午餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International cooperation is essential to prevent overfishing and ensure that tuna populations remain healthy for future generations.",
    "zh": "国际合作对于防止过度捕捞、确保金枪鱼种群为后代保持健康至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tuna sandwich｜金枪鱼三明治",
   "canned tuna｜罐装金枪鱼",
   "bluefin tuna｜蓝鳍金枪鱼",
   "tuna stocks｜金枪鱼资源量"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指鱼肉时不可数；指鱼时复数通常仍为tuna。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tuna"
 },
 {
  "w": "landing",
  "uk": "/ˈlændɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈlændɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "着陆；登陆",
    "en": "The act of reaching the ground or shore."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "楼梯平台",
    "en": "A flat area at the top of or between stairs."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The plane made a smooth landing despite the wind.",
    "zh": "尽管有风，飞机还是平稳着陆了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved weather forecasting can help pilots prepare for a safe landing during rapidly changing conditions.",
    "zh": "更准确的天气预报能帮助飞行员在天气快速变化时做好安全着陆的准备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "emergency landing｜紧急着陆",
   "smooth landing｜平稳着陆",
   "landing gear｜起落架",
   "upstairs landing｜楼上的楼梯平台"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "land (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "take-off"
  ],
  "tip": "除“着陆”外，也指楼梯顶部或中间的平台。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "landing"
 },
 {
  "w": "stylish",
  "uk": "/ˈstaɪlɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈstaɪlɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "时髦的；有格调的",
    "en": "Attractive and fashionable in appearance or design"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her stylish green jacket looked great with plain trousers.",
    "zh": "她那件时髦的绿色夹克搭配素色长裤很好看。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable, stylish furniture can encourage young consumers to choose recycled materials for their homes.",
    "zh": "价格实惠且设计时尚的家具，可以鼓励年轻消费者为家中选用再生材料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stylish clothes｜时髦的衣服",
   "a stylish design｜有格调的设计",
   "a stylish interior｜雅致的室内空间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "style (n.)",
   "style (v.)",
   "stylishly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fashionable",
   "chic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfashionable"
  ],
  "tip": "stylish强调时尚美观；不等于昂贵或奢华。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stylish"
 },
 {
  "w": "national",
  "uk": "/ˈnæʃənəl/",
  "us": "/ˈnæʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "国家的；全国的",
    "en": "relating to a whole country or its people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "某国国民",
    "en": "a person who is a citizen of a particular country"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister hopes to join the national swimming team.",
    "zh": "我姐姐希望加入国家游泳队。"
   },
   {
    "en": "National policies can help reduce regional differences in access to healthcare and education.",
    "zh": "国家政策有助于缩小医疗和教育机会方面的地区差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "national identity｜国家认同",
   "national park｜国家公园",
   "national government｜中央政府",
   "foreign national｜外国公民"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nation (n.)",
   "nationality (n.)",
   "nationally (adv.)",
   "international (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "national侧重一国整体；international指国际的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "national"
 },
 {
  "w": "flute",
  "uk": "/fluːt/",
  "us": "/fluːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "长笛",
    "en": "A wind instrument held sideways and played by blowing across it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She practises the flute by her bedroom window every afternoon.",
    "zh": "她每天下午都在卧室窗边练习长笛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning to play the flute can develop concentration and encourage children to participate in musical ensembles.",
    "zh": "学习吹长笛可以培养专注力，并鼓励儿童参加合奏团体。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play the flute｜吹长笛",
   "a flute solo｜长笛独奏",
   "flute lessons｜长笛课"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flautist (n.)",
   "flutist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常称演奏者为flautist，美式常用flutist。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flute"
 },
 {
  "w": "ceiling",
  "uk": "/ˈsiːlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈsiːlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天花板",
    "en": "the inside surface at the top of a room"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "上限；最高限额",
    "en": "the highest amount or level that is allowed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small spider was crawling across the ceiling.",
    "zh": "一只小蜘蛛正爬过天花板。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A ceiling on annual rent increases could protect tenants, although it might discourage investment in housing.",
    "zh": "限制年度租金涨幅可以保护租户，但也可能抑制住房投资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "high ceiling｜高天花板",
   "ceiling fan｜吊扇",
   "price ceiling｜价格上限",
   "set a ceiling on｜为……设定上限"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ceiling是室内天花板；roof是建筑外部的屋顶。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ceiling"
 },
 {
  "w": "peaceful",
  "uk": "/ˈpiːsfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpiːsfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "宁静的；安详的",
    "en": "quiet and calm, without disturbance or worry"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "和平的；非暴力的",
    "en": "not involving war, violence, or fighting"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lake looks peaceful in the early morning light.",
    "zh": "晨光中的湖泊显得格外宁静。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Creating peaceful public spaces can improve residents' wellbeing and encourage more people to spend time outdoors.",
    "zh": "营造宁静的公共空间可以提升居民的幸福感，并鼓励更多人到户外活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "peaceful surroundings｜宁静的周边环境",
   "peaceful protest｜和平抗议",
   "peaceful solution｜和平解决办法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "peace (n.)",
   "peacefully (adv.)",
   "peacefulness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "calm",
   "tranquil"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "violent",
   "noisy"
  ],
  "tip": "可形容环境安静，也可指行动不使用暴力。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "peaceful"
 },
 {
  "w": "imagination",
  "uk": "/ɪˌmædʒɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪˌmædʒɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "想象力；想象",
    "en": "The ability to form mental pictures or invent new ideas."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "With a little imagination, this box becomes a spaceship.",
    "zh": "只需一点想象力，这个盒子就能变成宇宙飞船。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Creative activities encourage children to use their imagination and approach unfamiliar problems from different perspectives.",
    "zh": "创意活动鼓励儿童运用想象力，从不同角度处理陌生的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "use your imagination｜发挥想象力",
   "vivid imagination｜丰富的想象力",
   "capture the imagination｜引发遐想",
   "a figment of the imagination｜凭空想象的事物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "imagine (v.)",
   "imaginative (adj.)",
   "imaginary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "creativity"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "imaginative指有想象力的；imaginary指想象中的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "imagination"
 },
 {
  "w": "unfriendly",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈfrendli/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈfrendli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不友好的；冷淡的",
    "en": "not kind or welcoming towards others"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不利的；难以使用的",
    "en": "making an activity difficult or causing harm"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new neighbour seemed unfriendly but was simply shy.",
    "zh": "新邻居看似冷淡，其实只是害羞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An unfriendly working environment can discourage employees from sharing ideas and seeking support.",
    "zh": "不友好的工作环境可能使员工不愿分享想法或寻求支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unfriendly atmosphere｜冷淡的氛围",
   "unfriendly attitude｜不友好的态度",
   "environmentally unfriendly｜对环境不利的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "friendly (adj.)",
   "friendliness (n.)",
   "unfriendliness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unwelcoming",
   "cold"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "friendly",
   "welcoming"
  ],
  "tip": "虽以-ly结尾，但通常是形容词，不是副词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unfriendly"
 },
 {
  "w": "thunder",
  "uk": "/ˈθʌndə/",
  "us": "/ˈθʌndər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雷；雷声",
    "en": "The loud sound in the sky caused by lightning"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打雷；轰隆作响",
    "en": "Produce thunder or make a similarly loud, deep noise"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A sudden clap of thunder made the windows shake.",
    "zh": "一声突如其来的雷鸣震得窗户直晃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Outdoor sports events should be suspended when thunder indicates that a storm is dangerously close.",
    "zh": "当雷声表明雷暴已逼近到危险距离时，应暂停户外体育赛事。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a clap of thunder｜一声雷响",
   "a rumble of thunder｜低沉的隆隆雷声",
   "thunder and lightning｜雷电"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thunderous (adj.)",
   "thunderstorm (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "thunder指雷声，通常不可数；lightning指闪电。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thunder"
 },
 {
  "w": "challenge",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃælɪndʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃælɪndʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "挑战；艰巨任务",
    "en": "A difficult task or situation that tests someone's abilities."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "质疑；提出异议",
    "en": "Question whether something is true, fair, or acceptable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "向…挑战；考验",
    "en": "Invite someone to compete or test their abilities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cooking dinner for twelve guests was quite a challenge.",
    "zh": "给十二位客人做晚饭真是个不小的挑战。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing affordable housing remains a major challenge for cities experiencing rapid population growth and rising land prices.",
    "zh": "对于人口快速增长、地价不断上涨的城市而言，提供可负担住房仍是一项重大挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "face a challenge｜面临挑战",
   "meet a challenge｜成功应对挑战",
   "challenge an assumption｜质疑假设",
   "challenge someone to a contest｜向某人发起比赛挑战"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "challenging (adj.)",
   "challenger (n.)",
   "unchallenged (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "challenge作动词可直接接观点，表示质疑。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "challenge"
 },
 {
  "w": "teacup",
  "uk": "/ˈtiːkʌp/",
  "us": "/ˈtiːkʌp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "茶杯",
    "en": "A small cup with a handle, used for drinking tea."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She placed a delicate teacup beside the biscuit plate.",
    "zh": "她把一只精致的茶杯放在饼干盘旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A museum display of decorated teacups can reveal how domestic tastes and manufacturing techniques changed over time.",
    "zh": "博物馆展出的装饰茶杯可以揭示家居审美和制造技术如何随时间变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a china teacup｜瓷茶杯",
   "a teacup and saucer｜茶杯和茶托",
   "a storm in a teacup｜小题大做"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "teacup是茶杯；a cup of tea是一杯茶。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "teacup"
 },
 {
  "w": "upload",
  "uk": "/ˌʌpˈləʊd/",
  "us": "/ˌʌpˈloʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "上传",
    "en": "to transfer files from a device to an online system"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "上传；上传的文件",
    "en": "the transfer of a file online, or the file itself"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I uploaded our picnic photos to a shared folder.",
    "zh": "我把我们野餐的照片上传到了共享文件夹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students can upload their assignments to a secure platform, allowing teachers to provide timely feedback.",
    "zh": "学生可以将作业上传至安全平台，方便教师及时提供反馈。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "upload a file｜上传文件",
   "upload photos｜上传照片",
   "upload to a server｜上传至服务器"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "uploader (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "download"
  ],
  "tip": "上传用upload，下载用download；上传至某处用to。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "upload"
 },
 {
  "w": "tissue",
  "uk": "/ˈtɪʃuː/",
  "us": "/ˈtɪʃuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纸巾",
    "en": "A small piece of soft paper used for wiping."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组织",
    "en": "A group of similar cells performing a particular bodily function."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She handed me a tissue when I sneezed.",
    "zh": "我打喷嚏时，她递给我一张纸巾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists are developing new treatments that help damaged tissue recover more effectively after an injury.",
    "zh": "科学家正在开发新疗法，帮助受损组织在受伤后更有效地修复。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a box of tissues｜一盒纸巾",
   "muscle tissue｜肌肉组织",
   "damaged tissue｜受损组织",
   "tissue repair｜组织修复"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "纸巾是可数名词；生物组织通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tissue"
 },
 {
  "w": "statement",
  "uk": "/ˈsteɪtmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈsteɪtmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陈述；说法",
    "en": "something said or written to express information or an opinion"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "声明",
    "en": "a formal public announcement about a particular matter"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "账单；结算单",
    "en": "a record showing financial transactions over a period"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her statement about the broken window surprised everyone.",
    "zh": "她关于那扇破窗的说法让所有人都很惊讶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The council issued a statement explaining how the proposed transport scheme would benefit residents with limited mobility.",
    "zh": "市议会发表声明，解释拟议的交通方案将如何惠及行动不便的居民。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a statement｜作出陈述",
   "issue a statement｜发表声明",
   "a bank statement｜银行对账单",
   "a witness statement｜证人陈述"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "state (v.)",
   "restate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作“陈述”时是可数名词；银行对账单也用statement。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "statement"
 },
 {
  "w": "bride",
  "uk": "/braɪd/",
  "us": "/braɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新娘；准新娘",
    "en": "A woman who is getting married or has just married."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bride held fresh flowers as she entered the garden.",
    "zh": "新娘手捧鲜花走进花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In many cultures, the bride and her family share responsibility for organising the wedding celebration.",
    "zh": "在许多文化中，新娘及其家人共同负责筹办婚礼庆典。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bride and groom｜新娘与新郎",
   "a beautiful bride｜美丽的新娘",
   "a bride-to-be｜准新娘"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bridal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bride指新娘，groom指新郎。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bride"
 },
 {
  "w": "confused",
  "uk": "/kənˈfjuːzd/",
  "us": "/kənˈfjuːzd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "困惑的；糊涂的",
    "en": "unable to understand something or think clearly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "混乱的；难懂的",
    "en": "unclear or difficult to follow because of poor organisation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt confused when both doors led outside.",
    "zh": "两扇门都通向外面，让我感到困惑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may become confused if teachers introduce too many unfamiliar concepts in a single lesson.",
    "zh": "如果教师在一堂课中引入太多陌生概念，学生可能会感到困惑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "confused about｜对……感到困惑",
   "look confused｜显得困惑",
   "a confused account｜混乱的叙述"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "confuse (v.)",
   "confusion (n.)",
   "confusing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "puzzled",
   "bewildered"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "clear-headed"
  ],
  "tip": "confused形容人困惑；confusing形容事物令人困惑。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "confused"
 },
 {
  "w": "rarely",
  "uk": "/ˈreəli/",
  "us": "/ˈrerli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "很少；难得",
    "en": "Not often; on very few occasions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We rarely eat outside when the weather turns cold.",
    "zh": "天气转冷时，我们很少在户外吃饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People living in remote villages rarely have easy access to specialist medical services.",
    "zh": "住在偏远村庄的人很少能方便地获得专科医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rarely ever｜极少",
   "rarely seen｜罕见的",
   "rarely used｜很少使用的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rare (adj.)",
   "rarity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "seldom",
   "infrequently"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "often",
   "frequently"
  ],
  "tip": "通常放实义动词前、be动词后；本身有否定意味。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rarely"
 },
 {
  "w": "reservation",
  "uk": "/ˌrezəˈveɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌrezɚˈveɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预约；预订",
    "en": "An arrangement to keep a room, seat, or table available."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疑虑；保留意见",
    "en": "A doubt that prevents complete acceptance of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I made a reservation for dinner by the window.",
    "zh": "我预订了一个靠窗的位置吃晚饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some residents expressed reservations about the proposed airport expansion because of increased noise pollution.",
    "zh": "一些居民担心噪声污染加剧，对拟议中的机场扩建持保留意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a reservation｜预订",
   "cancel a reservation｜取消预订",
   "have reservations about｜对……有疑虑",
   "without reservation｜毫无保留地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reserve (v.)",
   "reserved (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "booking"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示疑虑常用复数：have reservations about。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reservation"
 },
 {
  "w": "minimum",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪnɪməm/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪnɪməm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "最低限度；最小量",
    "en": "The smallest amount or level possible or allowed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最低的；最小的",
    "en": "Being the smallest amount or level possible or allowed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please keep the noise to a minimum tonight.",
    "zh": "今晚请尽量保持安静。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A higher minimum wage may improve living standards for workers in low-paid service jobs.",
    "zh": "提高最低工资可能改善低薪服务业劳动者的生活水平。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a minimum of｜至少",
   "keep something to a minimum｜将某事物减至最低程度",
   "minimum wage｜最低工资",
   "minimum requirements｜最低要求"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "minimise (v.)",
   "minimisation (n.)",
   "minimal (adj.)",
   "minimally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "maximum"
  ],
  "tip": "a minimum of 后接数量，表示“至少”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "minimum"
 },
 {
  "w": "announcement",
  "uk": "/əˈnaʊnsmənt/",
  "us": "/əˈnaʊnsmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公告；宣布",
    "en": "a public statement giving people information or news"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We heard an announcement about our train being delayed.",
    "zh": "我们听到了一则关于所乘列车晚点的通知。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The government's announcement of additional education funding was welcomed by teachers and parents.",
    "zh": "政府宣布追加教育经费，受到教师和家长的欢迎。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make an announcement｜发布公告",
   "official announcement｜官方公告",
   "public announcement｜公开声明"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "announce (v.)",
   "announcer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "notice",
   "statement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示发布公告时用make an announcement。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "announcement"
 },
 {
  "w": "wing",
  "uk": "/wɪŋ/",
  "us": "/wɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "翅膀；机翼",
    "en": "A body part or aircraft structure that enables flight."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "建筑物的侧翼",
    "en": "A section extending from the main part of a building."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组织内的派别",
    "en": "A group within an organisation sharing particular views or aims."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bird stretched its wings before leaving the branch.",
    "zh": "那只鸟飞离树枝前展开了翅膀。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The hospital's new wing will provide additional beds and specialist facilities for the region's growing population.",
    "zh": "医院新建的侧楼将提供更多床位和专科设施，以服务该地区不断增长的人口。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spread your wings｜展开翅膀；拓展自我",
   "aircraft wing｜飞机机翼",
   "hospital wing｜医院侧楼",
   "left wing｜左翼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "winged (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "鸟的翅膀和飞机机翼都用wing，通常成对用复数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wing"
 },
 {
  "w": "horn",
  "uk": "/hɔːn/",
  "us": "/hɔːrn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动物的角",
    "en": "A hard pointed growth on the head of some animals."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "车辆喇叭",
    "en": "A device on a vehicle that makes a loud warning sound."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "圆号；号角",
    "en": "A musical instrument played by blowing into a tube."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The goat caught its horn in the fence.",
    "zh": "那只山羊的角卡在了栅栏里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Frequent use of car horns contributes to noise pollution and reduces residents' quality of life.",
    "zh": "频繁使用汽车喇叭会造成噪声污染，降低居民的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sound the horn｜鸣喇叭",
   "blow a horn｜吹号角",
   "a pair of horns｜一对角"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "horned (adj.)",
   "hornless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动物的角和车辆喇叭都用horn，均为可数名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "horn"
 },
 {
  "w": "canal",
  "uk": "/kəˈnæl/",
  "us": "/kəˈnæl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运河；人工水渠",
    "en": "an artificial waterway for boats or carrying water"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "身体内的管道",
    "en": "a narrow passage inside the body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a narrow boat glide along the canal.",
    "zh": "我们看着一艘窄船沿运河缓缓驶过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring historic canals can attract tourists while providing valuable habitats for wildlife in densely populated urban areas.",
    "zh": "修复历史悠久的运河既能吸引游客，也能为人口密集城区的野生动物提供宝贵的栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "irrigation canal｜灌溉水渠",
   "canal boat｜运河船",
   "ear canal｜耳道"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "canal通常为人工水道；river指天然河流。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "canal"
 },
 {
  "w": "wildlife",
  "uk": "/ˈwaɪldlaɪf/",
  "us": "/ˈwaɪldlaɪf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "野生动物；野生生物",
    "en": "Animals and other living things in their natural surroundings."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the wildlife quietly from behind the trees.",
    "zh": "我们躲在树后，静静地观察野生动物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting wildlife requires governments to preserve natural habitats and limit development in environmentally sensitive areas.",
    "zh": "保护野生生物需要政府维护自然栖息地，并限制生态敏感地区的开发。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "protect wildlife｜保护野生生物",
   "wildlife conservation｜野生生物保护",
   "a wildlife reserve｜野生生物保护区"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；wildlife park中作名词定语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wildlife"
 },
 {
  "w": "chest",
  "uk": "/tʃest/",
  "us": "/tʃest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胸部；胸腔",
    "en": "The upper front part of the body, enclosing heart and lungs."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大箱子；储物箱",
    "en": "A large strong box with a lid, used for storage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She held the sleeping kitten gently against her chest.",
    "zh": "她把熟睡的小猫轻轻抱在胸前。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Workers exposed to polluted air may develop chest problems, highlighting the importance of effective workplace ventilation.",
    "zh": "接触污染空气的工人可能出现胸部疾病，这凸显了工作场所有效通风的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chest pain｜胸痛",
   "a chest infection｜胸部感染",
   "a wooden chest｜木箱",
   "a chest of drawers｜抽屉柜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "chest指胸部或大箱子；chest of drawers才是抽屉柜。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chest"
 },
 {
  "w": "naturally",
  "uk": "/ˈnætʃərəli/",
  "us": "/ˈnætʃərəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "自然地；天然地",
    "en": "Through natural processes rather than human action"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "当然；自然会",
    "en": "As would normally be expected"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "天生地",
    "en": "Because of qualities someone or something has from birth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Let your hair dry naturally after you wash it.",
    "zh": "洗完头后，让头发自然晾干。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some pollutants occur naturally in the environment, but human activities can increase their concentration to harmful levels.",
    "zh": "某些污染物天然存在于环境中，但人类活动会使其浓度上升到有害水平。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "occur naturally｜天然存在",
   "naturally curious｜天生好奇的",
   "come naturally to someone｜对某人来说轻而易举",
   "dry naturally｜自然晾干"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "natural (adj.)",
   "nature (n.)",
   "unnatural (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "artificially"
  ],
  "tip": "句首Naturally常表示“当然”，不一定指天然。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "naturally"
 },
 {
  "w": "hardly",
  "uk": "/ˈhɑːdli/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːrdli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "几乎不；几乎没有",
    "en": "almost not, or only to a very small degree"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "刚刚；才",
    "en": "only just, before something else happens"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I could hardly hear you over the heavy rain.",
    "zh": "雨声太大，我几乎听不见你说话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding roads alone is hardly sufficient to solve traffic congestion without improvements to public transport.",
    "zh": "如果不改善公共交通，仅靠拓宽道路几乎不足以解决交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hardly ever｜几乎从不",
   "hardly any｜几乎没有",
   "can hardly wait｜迫不及待",
   "hardly surprising｜不足为奇"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "scarcely",
   "barely"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hardly意为几乎不，并非hard的副词形式。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hardly"
 },
 {
  "w": "safety",
  "uk": "/ˈseɪfti/",
  "us": "/ˈseɪfti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "安全；平安",
    "en": "the state of being protected from danger or harm"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please wear a helmet for your own safety.",
    "zh": "为了你自身的安全，请戴上头盔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving road safety requires better street design as well as stricter enforcement of traffic laws.",
    "zh": "改善道路安全既需要更好的街道设计，也需要更严格地执行交通法规。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "road safety｜道路安全",
   "safety standards｜安全标准",
   "for safety reasons｜出于安全考虑",
   "reach safety｜到达安全地带"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "safe (adj.)",
   "safely (adv.)",
   "unsafe (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "danger"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；safe是形容词，safety是名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "safety"
 },
 {
  "w": "cottage",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒtɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːtɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乡间小屋；村舍",
    "en": "A small house, usually in the countryside."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their cottage has a tiny garden full of roses.",
    "zh": "他们的乡间小屋有一个种满玫瑰的小花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Converting an unused cottage into holiday accommodation can provide rural families with an additional source of income.",
    "zh": "将闲置的村舍改为度假住宿，可以为农村家庭增加一项收入来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a country cottage｜乡间小屋",
   "a thatched cottage｜茅草顶村舍",
   "a holiday cottage｜度假小屋"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指乡间小住宅，不等同于豪华的villa。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cottage"
 },
 {
  "w": "fond",
  "uk": "/fɒnd/",
  "us": "/fɑːnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "喜欢的；喜爱的",
    "en": "having a liking or affection for someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "深情的；温情的",
    "en": "showing or expressing warmth and affection"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother is fond of walking by the river.",
    "zh": "我奶奶喜欢在河边散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many adults retain fond memories of teachers who encouraged their curiosity and supported their ambitions.",
    "zh": "许多成年人仍深情地记得那些激发他们好奇心、支持他们志向的老师。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be fond of｜喜欢",
   "fond memories｜温馨的回忆",
   "a fond farewell｜深情的告别"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fondness (n.)",
   "fondly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "affectionate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be fond of后接名词或动词-ing，不接to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fond"
 },
 {
  "w": "exhibition",
  "uk": "/ˌeksɪˈbɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌeksəˈbɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "展览；展览会",
    "en": "A public display of art, objects, or products."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We visited a photography exhibition at the local museum.",
    "zh": "我们参观了当地博物馆的一场摄影展。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An interactive exhibition can make scientific discoveries more accessible to children and encourage their interest in research.",
    "zh": "互动展览能让儿童更容易理解科学发现，并激发他们对研究的兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "art exhibition｜艺术展",
   "hold an exhibition｜举办展览",
   "on exhibition｜在展出"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exhibit (v.)",
   "exhibit (n.)",
   "exhibitor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "show",
   "display"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "exhibition指整场展览；exhibit可指一件展品。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exhibition"
 },
 {
  "w": "difficulty",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪfɪkəlti/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪfɪkəlti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "困难；费力",
    "en": "The state of being hard to do or understand."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "难题；困境",
    "en": "A problem that makes progress or success harder."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I had difficulty opening the jar with wet hands.",
    "zh": "我手湿着，很难打开那个罐子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students with limited internet access may have difficulty completing assignments that require extensive online research.",
    "zh": "网络使用受限的学生可能难以完成需要大量网上研究的作业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have difficulty doing something｜做某事有困难",
   "overcome difficulties｜克服困难",
   "financial difficulties｜经济困难",
   "with difficulty｜费力地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "difficult (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "trouble",
   "problem"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ease"
  ],
  "tip": "用have difficulty doing，不用difficulty to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "difficulty"
 },
 {
  "w": "steam",
  "uk": "/stiːm/",
  "us": "/stiːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蒸汽；水汽",
    "en": "The gas water becomes when heated, often seen as white mist."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "蒸；用蒸汽烹调",
    "en": "To cook food using steam from boiling water."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Steam rose from the soup as I lifted the lid.",
    "zh": "我揭开盖子时，汤里升起了热气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some power stations use heat to produce steam, which drives turbines and generates electricity.",
    "zh": "一些发电站利用热量产生蒸汽，推动涡轮机发电。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "steam engine｜蒸汽机",
   "steam vegetables｜蒸蔬菜",
   "give off steam｜冒出蒸汽",
   "run out of steam｜耗尽精力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "steamer (n.)",
   "steamy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "steam作名词通常不可数；作动词可表示蒸食物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "steam"
 },
 {
  "w": "horror",
  "uk": "/ˈhɒrə/",
  "us": "/ˈhɔːrər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "惊恐；震惊；厌恶",
    "en": "a strong feeling of fear, shock, or disgust"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恐怖作品类型",
    "en": "a type of fiction intended to frighten its audience"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She watched in horror as her laptop fell downstairs.",
    "zh": "她惊恐地看着自己的笔记本电脑掉下楼梯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Horror films often use music and lighting to create tension rather than relying entirely on frightening images.",
    "zh": "恐怖电影常用音乐和灯光制造紧张气氛，而非完全依赖吓人的画面。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in horror｜惊恐地",
   "a horror film｜恐怖片",
   "a sense of horror｜恐惧感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "horrify (v.)",
   "horrified (adj.)",
   "horrifying (adj.)",
   "horrific (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "terror",
   "dread"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "情绪义通常不可数；in horror表示惊恐地。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "horror"
 },
 {
  "w": "biography",
  "uk": "/baɪˈɒɡrəfi/",
  "us": "/baɪˈɑːɡrəfi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "传记",
    "en": "a written account of someone's life by another person"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'm reading a biography of an explorer before bed.",
    "zh": "我睡前正在读一本探险家的传记。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-researched biography can reveal how social conditions influence an individual's choices and achievements.",
    "zh": "一本研究扎实的传记可以揭示社会条件如何影响个人的选择与成就。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write a biography｜写传记",
   "a biography of someone｜某人的传记",
   "an authorised biography｜经本人授权的传记"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "biographer (n.)",
   "biographical (adj.)",
   "autobiography (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "biography是他人为某人写的传记；自传用autobiography。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "biography"
 },
 {
  "w": "bet",
  "uk": "/bet/",
  "us": "/bet/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打赌；押注",
    "en": "to risk money on the result of an uncertain event"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "敢肯定；确信",
    "en": "to say confidently that something is true or will happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赌注；打赌",
    "en": "an agreement to risk money on an uncertain result"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I bet you left your keys in the kitchen.",
    "zh": "我敢说你把钥匙落在厨房了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some investors bet on emerging technologies despite considerable uncertainty about their future commercial success.",
    "zh": "一些投资者押注新兴技术，尽管这些技术未来能否取得商业成功仍很不确定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bet on｜押注于",
   "place a bet｜下注",
   "I bet｜我敢说",
   "a safe bet｜稳妥的选择"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "betting (n.)",
   "bettor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wager"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词通常仍是bet；I bet常表确信。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bet"
 },
 {
  "w": "site",
  "uk": "/saɪt/",
  "us": "/saɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地点；场址；遗址",
    "en": "A place where something is built, happens, or once existed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "网站",
    "en": "A collection of connected web pages."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为……选址；设置",
    "en": "Place or build something in a particular location."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Workers put a fence around the building site.",
    "zh": "工人们在建筑工地周围围起了围栏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposed hospital site is close to public transport, making healthcare more accessible to residents.",
    "zh": "拟建医院的选址靠近公共交通，方便居民获得医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "building site｜建筑工地",
   "historic site｜历史遗址",
   "on site｜在现场",
   "site a factory｜为工厂选址"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "location",
   "website"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "site指地点或网站；sight指视力或景象，二者同音。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "site"
 },
 {
  "w": "respond",
  "uk": "/rɪˈspɒnd/",
  "us": "/rɪˈspɑːnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "回答；回复",
    "en": "To say or write something in reply."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "作出反应；响应",
    "en": "To react to something through actions or physical changes."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I asked about dinner, but nobody responded to my message.",
    "zh": "我发消息问晚饭怎么安排，却没人回复。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Healthcare systems must respond quickly to changing population needs while maintaining high standards of care.",
    "zh": "医疗体系必须迅速回应不断变化的人口需求，同时维持高水平的医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "respond to a question｜回答问题",
   "respond to treatment｜对治疗产生反应",
   "respond promptly｜及时回应",
   "respond positively｜积极回应"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "response (n.)",
   "respondent (n.)",
   "responsive (adj.)",
   "responsiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reply",
   "react"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "respond to后接回应对象，不能直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "respond"
 },
 {
  "w": "agreement",
  "uk": "/əˈɡriːmənt/",
  "us": "/əˈɡriːmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "协议；协定",
    "en": "an arrangement accepted by two or more people or groups"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "同意；意见一致",
    "en": "the state of sharing an opinion or accepting a proposal"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "语法上的一致关系",
    "en": "a grammatical match between related words in a sentence"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We reached an agreement about sharing the kitchen.",
    "zh": "我们就共用厨房达成了协议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International agreements on carbon emissions are more effective when participating countries establish clear targets and monitor progress.",
    "zh": "当参与国设定明确目标并监督进展时，关于碳排放的国际协定会更加有效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reach an agreement｜达成协议",
   "sign an agreement｜签署协议",
   "be in agreement｜意见一致",
   "subject–verb agreement｜主谓一致"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "agree (v.)",
   "disagree (v.)",
   "disagreement (n.)",
   "agreeable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "accord"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disagreement"
  ],
  "tip": "具体协议可数；表示意见一致时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "agreement"
 },
 {
  "w": "network",
  "uk": "/ˈnetwɜːk/",
  "us": "/ˈnetwɝːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "网络；关系网",
    "en": "A system of connected people, things or places."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "广播网；电视网",
    "en": "A group of broadcasting stations sharing programmes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "建立人脉",
    "en": "To meet people and develop useful professional relationships."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our home network connects three laptops and a printer.",
    "zh": "我们的家庭网络连接着三台笔记本电脑和一台打印机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An efficient public transport network can reduce traffic congestion and improve access to employment.",
    "zh": "高效的公共交通网络可以缓解交通拥堵，并让人们更方便地前往工作地点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "transport network｜交通网络",
   "wireless network｜无线网络",
   "support network｜支持网络",
   "network with colleagues｜与同行建立联系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "networking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "network强调多个节点之间相互连接。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "network"
 },
 {
  "w": "contain",
  "uk": "/kənˈteɪn/",
  "us": "/kənˈteɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "含有；容纳",
    "en": "to have something inside or as a part"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "控制；遏制",
    "en": "to prevent something from spreading or becoming stronger"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small box contains all my sewing supplies.",
    "zh": "这个小盒子里装着我所有的缝纫用品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Processed foods often contain large amounts of salt, which can contribute to serious health problems.",
    "zh": "加工食品往往含有大量盐分，可能导致严重的健康问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contain ingredients｜含有成分",
   "contain the spread｜遏制蔓延",
   "contain costs｜控制成本",
   "contain your excitement｜抑制兴奋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "container (n.)",
   "containment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hold"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接宾语；表示“含有”时通常不用进行时。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contain"
 },
 {
  "w": "daylight",
  "uk": "/ˈdeɪlaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈdeɪlaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "日光；白昼",
    "en": "Natural light from the sun, or the time it is available."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Let's finish planting these flowers while there's still daylight.",
    "zh": "趁天还亮着，我们把这些花种完吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Designing classrooms to receive more daylight can reduce electricity use and create a more comfortable learning environment.",
    "zh": "在设计教室时增加自然采光，可以减少用电并营造更舒适的学习环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in broad daylight｜在光天化日之下",
   "daylight hours｜白昼时段",
   "natural daylight｜自然日光"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "darkness"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；in broad daylight意为在光天化日之下。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "daylight"
 },
 {
  "w": "notepaper",
  "uk": "/ˈnəʊtpeɪpə/",
  "us": "/ˈnoʊtpeɪpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "信纸；便条纸",
    "en": "paper used for writing letters or short messages"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She took some notepaper from the desk drawer.",
    "zh": "她从书桌抽屉里拿出了一些便条纸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing recycled notepaper in offices is a simple measure that can support more sustainable purchasing practices.",
    "zh": "在办公室提供再生便条纸，是支持更可持续采购方式的一项简单措施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sheet of notepaper｜一张信纸",
   "a pad of notepaper｜一本便条纸",
   "personal notepaper｜私人信纸"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "writing paper"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；一张用a sheet of notepaper。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "notepaper"
 },
 {
  "w": "backwards",
  "uk": "/ˈbækwədz/",
  "us": "/ˈbækwərdz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向后；朝后",
    "en": "Towards the back, or with the back facing forwards."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "倒序地；逆向地",
    "en": "In the opposite order or direction to the usual one."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She stepped backwards to let the cyclist pass.",
    "zh": "她向后退了一步，让骑车的人过去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers can work backwards from current pollution levels to identify the likely sources of environmental damage.",
    "zh": "研究人员可以根据当前污染水平反向追溯，找出环境破坏的可能来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "walk backwards｜倒着走",
   "backwards and forwards｜来回",
   "work backwards｜反向推导"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "backward (adj.)",
   "back (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "backward"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "forwards"
  ],
  "tip": "backwards是副词；修饰名词通常用backward。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "backwards"
 },
 {
  "w": "pale",
  "uk": "/peɪl/",
  "us": "/peɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "苍白的；浅色的",
    "en": "Having little colour, or less colour than usual."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "暗淡的；微弱的",
    "en": "Giving only a weak light."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变苍白；相形见绌",
    "en": "To lose colour or seem less impressive in comparison."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You look pale; sit down and have some water.",
    "zh": "你脸色苍白，坐下来喝点水吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The financial benefits of tourism may pale in comparison with its long-term environmental costs.",
    "zh": "与旅游业带来的长期环境代价相比，其经济收益可能显得微不足道。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pale blue｜浅蓝色",
   "look pale｜脸色苍白",
   "pale in comparison｜相比之下相形见绌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "paleness (n.)",
   "paler (adj.)",
   "palest (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pallid",
   "faint"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rosy"
  ],
  "tip": "pale可指脸色苍白或颜色浅，不等于白色。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pale"
 },
 {
  "w": "tough",
  "uk": "/tʌf/",
  "us": "/tʌf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "艰难的；棘手的",
    "en": "Difficult to do, deal with, or endure"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "坚强的；能吃苦的",
    "en": "Able to cope with hardship, pain, or difficult conditions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "坚韧的；不易破损的",
    "en": "Strong and difficult to break, cut, or damage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was a tough climb, but the view was worth it.",
    "zh": "这段攀登很艰难，但沿途的风景让付出变得值得。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments face tough choices when balancing economic growth with the need to protect natural resources.",
    "zh": "在平衡经济增长与保护自然资源的需求时，政府面临艰难的抉择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tough decision｜艰难的决定",
   "tough times｜艰难时期",
   "tough competition｜激烈的竞争",
   "tough material｜坚韧的材料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "toughness (n.)",
   "toughen (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "difficult",
   "resilient",
   "durable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "easy",
   "fragile"
  ],
  "tip": "读音与rough押韵；形容肉时指难嚼、老。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tough"
 },
 {
  "w": "duty-free",
  "uk": "/ˌdjuːti ˈfriː/",
  "us": "/ˌduːti ˈfriː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "免关税的",
    "en": "Sold without certain taxes, especially to international travellers."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "免关税地",
    "en": "Without paying certain taxes on goods."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She bought some duty-free perfume before boarding her flight.",
    "zh": "登机前，她买了一些免税香水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Duty-free shopping can generate substantial revenue for airports, although travellers may not always find the lowest prices.",
    "zh": "免税购物能为机场带来可观收入，但旅客未必总能买到价格最低的商品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "duty-free shop｜免税店",
   "duty-free goods｜免税商品",
   "duty-free allowance｜免税额度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "duty (n.)",
   "dutiable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "dutiable"
  ],
  "tip": "duty此处指关税；免税商品仍受入境额度限制。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "duty-free"
 },
 {
  "w": "religion",
  "uk": "/rɪˈlɪdʒən/",
  "us": "/rɪˈlɪdʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宗教；宗教信仰",
    "en": "belief in gods or spiritual powers, with related practices"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We learned about different religions at school today.",
    "zh": "今天我们在学校了解了不同的宗教。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can teach students about religion while encouraging respect for people with different beliefs.",
    "zh": "学校可以教授宗教知识，同时鼓励学生尊重持不同信仰的人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "freedom of religion｜宗教自由",
   "organised religion｜制度化宗教",
   "religious beliefs｜宗教信仰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "religious (adj)",
   "religiously (adv)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "faith"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指宗教时不可数；指某一种宗教时可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "religion"
 },
 {
  "w": "nap",
  "uk": "/næp/",
  "us": "/næp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小睡；打盹",
    "en": "a short sleep, usually during the day"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "小睡；打盹",
    "en": "to sleep briefly, usually during the day"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I took a short nap after lunch on Sunday.",
    "zh": "星期天午饭后，我小睡了一会儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A brief afternoon nap may improve alertness, but it should not replace adequate sleep at night.",
    "zh": "下午短暂小睡可能提高警觉性，但不应代替充足的夜间睡眠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a nap｜小睡一下",
   "an afternoon nap｜午后小睡",
   "a power nap｜恢复精力的短睡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "napper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "doze",
   "snooze"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词变化要双写p：napped、napping。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nap"
 },
 {
  "w": "slightly",
  "uk": "/ˈslaɪtli/",
  "us": "/ˈslaɪtli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "稍微；略微",
    "en": "by a small amount or to a small degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please open the window slightly; it feels warm.",
    "zh": "请把窗户稍微打开一点，感觉有些热。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although average incomes rose slightly, many households continued to struggle with higher food and energy costs.",
    "zh": "尽管平均收入略有上升，许多家庭仍难以应付不断上涨的食品和能源费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "slightly higher｜略高",
   "slightly different｜略有不同",
   "slightly more｜稍多一些"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "slight (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "a little",
   "somewhat"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "considerably"
  ],
  "tip": "可修饰形容词、比较级或动词，如slightly higher。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slightly"
 },
 {
  "w": "licence",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪsəns/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪsəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "许可证；执照",
    "en": "an official document allowing someone to do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自由发挥的许可",
    "en": "freedom to depart from usual rules or factual accuracy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I keep my driving licence in my wallet.",
    "zh": "我把驾驶执照放在钱包里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Requiring a licence to operate tourist boats can help authorities maintain safety standards on busy waterways.",
    "zh": "要求旅游船持证运营，可以帮助主管部门维持繁忙水道的安全标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "driving licence｜驾驶执照",
   "apply for a licence｜申请许可证",
   "renew a licence｜续办许可证",
   "poetic licence｜诗意的自由发挥"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "license (v.)",
   "licensed (adj.)",
   "licensee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "permit"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式名词用licence，动词用license；美式都用license。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "licence"
 },
 {
  "w": "eagle",
  "uk": "/ˈiːɡəl/",
  "us": "/ˈiːɡəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鹰；雕",
    "en": "A large hunting bird with powerful claws and sharp eyesight"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An eagle circled slowly above the rocky valley.",
    "zh": "一只鹰在岩石遍布的山谷上方缓缓盘旋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting mountain forests helps preserve the hunting grounds and nesting sites of the eagle.",
    "zh": "保护山地森林有助于保全鹰的猎食区和筑巢地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a golden eagle｜金雕",
   "a bald eagle｜白头海雕",
   "an eagle's nest｜鹰巢"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eagle-eyed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "eagle通常指大型猛禽；eagle-eyed形容眼力敏锐。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eagle"
 },
 {
  "w": "diploma",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpləʊmə/",
  "us": "/dɪˈploʊmə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "毕业文凭；课程证书",
    "en": "an official document showing successful completion of a course"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She proudly showed her diploma to her grandparents.",
    "zh": "她自豪地向祖父母展示了自己的毕业文凭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A vocational diploma can provide practical skills that help graduates find employment in specialised industries.",
    "zh": "职业教育文凭课程可以提供实用技能，帮助毕业生在专业行业中找到工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "earn a diploma｜取得文凭",
   "high school diploma｜高中文凭",
   "diploma in nursing｜护理专业文凭"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "certificate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "diploma多指毕业或课程文凭，不等同于degree学位。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diploma"
 },
 {
  "w": "discovery",
  "uk": "/dɪˈskʌvəri/",
  "us": "/dɪˈskʌvəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发现；被发现的事物",
    "en": "finding something previously unknown, or the thing that is found"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We made an exciting discovery behind the old cupboard.",
    "zh": "我们在旧橱柜后有了一个令人兴奋的发现。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The discovery of new antibiotics could help health services respond more effectively to drug-resistant infections.",
    "zh": "新抗生素的发现有助于医疗机构更有效地应对耐药性感染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a discovery｜有所发现",
   "scientific discovery｜科学发现",
   "major discovery｜重大发现",
   "accidental discovery｜意外发现"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "discover (v.)",
   "discoverer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "finding"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "discovery是发现原已存在的事物，不同于invention。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "discovery"
 },
 {
  "w": "process",
  "uk": "/ˈprəʊses/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːses/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "过程；程序",
    "en": "A series of actions or changes leading to a result."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "处理；加工",
    "en": "Treat materials or information through a series of organised steps."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Making bread is a slow process, but I enjoy it.",
    "zh": "做面包是个缓慢的过程，但我很享受。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The application process should be transparent so that all candidates have an equal opportunity to participate.",
    "zh": "申请程序应当透明，以确保所有申请者都有平等的参与机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a gradual process｜渐进的过程",
   "in the process of｜在……过程中",
   "process data｜处理数据",
   "processed food｜加工食品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "processing (n.)",
   "processor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "procedure"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in the process of后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "process"
 },
 {
  "w": "entertainment",
  "uk": "/ˌentəˈteɪnmənt/",
  "us": "/ˌentərˈteɪnmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "娱乐；娱乐活动",
    "en": "Performances or activities that people enjoy watching or doing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hotel provides live entertainment beside the pool every evening.",
    "zh": "酒店每晚都在泳池边提供现场娱乐表演。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable entertainment facilities can improve urban life by giving residents opportunities to relax and socialise.",
    "zh": "价格亲民的娱乐设施能让居民有机会放松和社交，从而改善城市生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "live entertainment｜现场娱乐表演",
   "the entertainment industry｜娱乐业",
   "family entertainment｜适合全家的娱乐",
   "a form of entertainment｜一种娱乐形式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "entertain (v.)",
   "entertaining (adj.)",
   "entertainer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "amusement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数：提供娱乐用provide entertainment。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "entertainment"
 },
 {
  "w": "wonder",
  "uk": "/ˈwʌndə/",
  "us": "/ˈwʌndər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "想知道；琢磨",
    "en": "to think about something you do not know"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "惊叹；惊奇",
    "en": "a feeling of surprise and admiration"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奇观；奇迹",
    "en": "something unusually impressive or surprising"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I wonder why the cat keeps watching that cupboard.",
    "zh": "我想知道那只猫为什么一直盯着那个橱柜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many parents wonder whether online lessons can provide the same social benefits as classroom learning.",
    "zh": "许多家长想知道，线上课程能否提供与课堂学习相同的社交益处。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wonder whether｜想知道是否",
   "wonder about｜对……感到好奇",
   "in wonder｜惊叹地",
   "natural wonders｜自然奇观"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wonderful (adj.)",
   "wonderfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wonder后接疑问词从句时，用陈述语序。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wonder"
 },
 {
  "w": "addition",
  "uk": "/əˈdɪʃən/",
  "us": "/əˈdɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "添加；增加",
    "en": "the act of putting something extra into something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "加法",
    "en": "the process of finding the total of quantities"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新增事物",
    "en": "something extra that joins an existing group or collection"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The addition of fresh lemon made the soup delicious.",
    "zh": "加入新鲜柠檬后，汤变得十分美味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The addition of cycle lanes can make urban transport safer and encourage residents to exercise regularly.",
    "zh": "增设自行车道可以提高城市交通的安全性，并鼓励居民经常锻炼。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in addition to｜除……之外还",
   "the addition of｜……的添加",
   "a welcome addition｜受欢迎的新事物",
   "simple addition｜简单加法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "add (v.)",
   "additional (adj.)",
   "additionally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "subtraction"
  ],
  "tip": "in addition作连接语；in addition to后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "addition"
 },
 {
  "w": "deliver",
  "uk": "/dɪˈlɪvə/",
  "us": "/dɪˈlɪvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "递送；送达",
    "en": "to take goods or messages to their intended destination"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发表；讲授",
    "en": "to give a speech, lecture, or presentation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "兑现；实现",
    "en": "to produce the results or benefits that were promised"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery delivers warm bread to our door every morning.",
    "zh": "面包店每天早上把热乎乎的面包送到我们家门口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport projects must deliver clear benefits to local residents if they are to justify substantial investment.",
    "zh": "公共交通项目必须为当地居民带来明确的益处，才能证明大规模投资是合理的。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deliver a parcel｜递送包裹",
   "deliver a speech｜发表演讲",
   "deliver results｜取得成效",
   "deliver on a promise｜兑现承诺"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "delivery (n.)",
   "deliverable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "递送用deliver sth to sb；兑现承诺可用deliver on。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deliver"
 },
 {
  "w": "dusty",
  "uk": "/ˈdʌsti/",
  "us": "/ˈdʌsti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "布满灰尘的；多尘的",
    "en": "Covered with dust or containing a lot of dust."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I wiped the dusty shelf with a damp cloth.",
    "zh": "我用湿布擦了擦落满灰尘的架子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Workers in dusty environments need appropriate protective equipment to reduce their risk of developing respiratory diseases.",
    "zh": "在多尘环境中工作的人员需要适当的防护装备，以降低患呼吸系统疾病的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a dusty road｜尘土飞扬的道路",
   "dusty shelves｜积满灰尘的架子",
   "a dusty environment｜多尘的环境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dust (n.)",
   "dust (v.)",
   "dustiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dusty形容有灰尘；dust作动词可表示掸去灰尘。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dusty"
 },
 {
  "w": "frozen",
  "uk": "/ˈfrəʊzən/",
  "us": "/ˈfroʊzən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "结冰的；冻硬的",
    "en": "Turned into ice or made hard by extreme cold."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冷冻保存的",
    "en": "Kept at very low temperatures to preserve freshness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冻僵的；冷极了的",
    "en": "Feeling extremely cold."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A frozen puddle cracked beneath my boot this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早晨，一处结冰的水洼被我的靴子踩裂了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Frozen vegetables can help households reduce food waste because they remain usable much longer than fresh produce.",
    "zh": "冷冻蔬菜的保存时间比新鲜农产品长得多，因此可以帮助家庭减少食物浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "frozen lake｜结冰的湖",
   "frozen food｜冷冻食品",
   "frozen solid｜冻得硬邦邦的",
   "frozen with fear｜吓得动弹不得"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "freeze (v.)",
   "freezing (adj.)",
   "freezer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "icy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "thawed"
  ],
  "tip": "也是freeze的过去分词；过去式为froze。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "frozen"
 },
 {
  "w": "occur",
  "uk": "/əˈkɜː/",
  "us": "/əˈkɝː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发生",
    "en": "Happen, especially at a particular time or place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "存在；出现",
    "en": "Exist or be found in a particular place or situation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "被想到；浮现于脑海",
    "en": "Come into someone's mind as an idea or thought."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Power cuts often occur here during heavy winter storms.",
    "zh": "冬季强风暴来袭时，这里经常停电。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traffic accidents are more likely to occur when drivers are tired or distracted by mobile phones.",
    "zh": "驾驶员疲劳或因手机分心时，交通事故更容易发生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "occur naturally｜天然存在",
   "occur frequently｜频繁发生",
   "occur to someone｜被某人想到"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "occurrence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "happen",
   "take place"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不用于被动语态；过去式occurred，分词occurring。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "occur"
 },
 {
  "w": "rafting",
  "uk": "/ˈrɑːftɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈræftɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "漂流运动",
    "en": "Travelling down a river on a raft for pleasure."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We went rafting down a mountain river last weekend.",
    "zh": "上周末我们去一条山间河流漂流了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rafting can support rural tourism, but operators must provide safety equipment and protect river habitats.",
    "zh": "漂流可以促进乡村旅游，但经营者必须提供安全装备并保护河流栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go rafting｜去漂流",
   "white-water rafting｜激流漂流",
   "rafting trip｜漂流之旅"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "raft (n.)",
   "raft (v.)",
   "rafter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "运动义常用go rafting；raft也指筏子。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rafting"
 },
 {
  "w": "merry",
  "uk": "/ˈmeri/",
  "us": "/ˈmeri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "欢乐的；愉快的",
    "en": "Cheerful and full of enjoyment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their merry laughter filled the kitchen as they baked.",
    "zh": "他们烘焙时，欢快的笑声充满了厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community festivals create a merry atmosphere that encourages residents of different ages to interact and build friendships.",
    "zh": "社区节庆营造欢乐的氛围，鼓励不同年龄的居民交流并建立友谊。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "merry laughter｜欢快的笑声",
   "a merry crowd｜欢乐的人群",
   "make merry｜欢庆作乐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "merrily (adv.)",
   "merriment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cheerful",
   "joyful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "gloomy",
   "miserable"
  ],
  "tip": "常形容欢庆气氛；make merry意为欢庆作乐。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "merry"
 },
 {
  "w": "inform",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈfɔːm/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈfɔːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "通知；告知",
    "en": "To give someone facts or tell them about something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "影响；为……提供依据",
    "en": "To provide knowledge that shapes a decision, opinion, or approach."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please inform the receptionist if you lose your key.",
    "zh": "如果你弄丢了钥匙，请告知接待员。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable research should inform government decisions about how to allocate funding for public health services.",
    "zh": "政府决定如何分配公共卫生服务资金时，应以可靠的研究为依据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inform someone of something｜告知某人某事",
   "keep someone informed｜随时告知某人最新情况",
   "inform policy｜为政策提供依据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "information (n.)",
   "informative (adj.)",
   "informed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "notify",
   "tell"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "告知某人某事用inform sb of/about sth。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inform"
 },
 {
  "w": "eyebrow",
  "uk": "/ˈaɪbraʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈaɪbraʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "眉毛",
    "en": "The curved line of hair above each eye."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He raised one eyebrow when he saw the enormous cake.",
    "zh": "看到那个巨大的蛋糕时，他挑起了一边眉毛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Facial movements, such as raising an eyebrow, can communicate surprise without relying on spoken language.",
    "zh": "挑眉等面部动作无需借助口头语言就能表达惊讶。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "raise an eyebrow｜挑眉；表示惊讶",
   "thick eyebrows｜浓眉",
   "arched eyebrows｜弯弯的眉毛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "brow (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "brow"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "eyebrow是眉毛；eyelash是睫毛。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eyebrow"
 },
 {
  "w": "discount",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪskaʊnt/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪskaʊnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "折扣",
    "en": "a reduction in the usual price"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打折出售",
    "en": "to sell something at a reduced price"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "不予考虑；低估",
    "en": "to consider something unlikely or less important"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop offers a discount on winter coats.",
    "zh": "这家店的冬季外套有折扣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport discounts can encourage more commuters to leave their cars at home.",
    "zh": "公共交通票价优惠能鼓励更多通勤者不开车出门。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "offer a discount｜提供折扣",
   "at a discount｜以折扣价",
   "discount the possibility｜不考虑这种可能性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "discounted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在首音节；动词通常读/dɪsˈkaʊnt/。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "discount"
 },
 {
  "w": "ghost",
  "uk": "/ɡəʊst/",
  "us": "/ɡoʊst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鬼魂；幽灵",
    "en": "The spirit of a dead person, imagined as appearing alive."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一丝；隐约的痕迹",
    "en": "A very slight trace of a feeling, expression, or quality."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My little cousin dressed as a ghost for the party.",
    "zh": "我的小表弟打扮成幽灵去参加派对。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local ghost stories can attract tourists while revealing how communities interpret their history and cultural traditions.",
    "zh": "当地的鬼故事可以吸引游客，也能反映社区如何理解自身历史与文化传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a ghost story｜鬼故事",
   "a ghost town｜废弃的城镇",
   "a ghost of a smile｜一丝微笑",
   "see a ghost｜看见鬼魂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ghostly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "spirit",
   "apparition"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a ghost of a smile指一丝若有若无的笑。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ghost"
 },
 {
  "w": "hire",
  "uk": "/ˈhaɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈhaɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "雇用",
    "en": "To pay someone to do a job."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "租用",
    "en": "To pay to use something for a limited time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "租用；租借",
    "en": "An arrangement to use something temporarily in exchange for payment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hired a van to move our furniture.",
    "zh": "我们租了一辆货车来搬家具。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Businesses that hire local workers can strengthen regional economies and reduce the need for long commutes.",
    "zh": "雇用当地员工的企业可以增强区域经济，并减少长途通勤的需要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hire staff｜雇用员工",
   "hire a car｜租车",
   "for hire｜供出租",
   "car hire｜汽车租赁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hiring (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "租车英式常用hire，美式常用rent。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hire"
 },
 {
  "w": "unemployed",
  "uk": "/ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪd/",
  "us": "/ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "失业的",
    "en": "Without a paid job but available for work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My neighbour has been unemployed since the factory closed.",
    "zh": "自从工厂关闭后，我的邻居就一直失业。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing affordable training for unemployed adults can help them develop skills that match changing labour market demands.",
    "zh": "为失业成年人提供负担得起的培训，可以帮助他们掌握符合劳动力市场变化需求的技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "become unemployed｜失业",
   "unemployed workers｜失业工人",
   "the long-term unemployed｜长期失业者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "unemployment (n.)",
   "employment (n.)",
   "employ (v.)",
   "employee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "jobless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "employed"
  ],
  "tip": "the unemployed指失业者群体，谓语用复数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unemployed"
 },
 {
  "w": "positive",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒzətɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːzətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "积极乐观的；有益的",
    "en": "Hopeful, confident, or producing a good effect."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "确信的；肯定的",
    "en": "Completely certain that something is true."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "阳性的；正数的",
    "en": "Showing a condition is present, or mathematically greater than zero."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She stayed positive even when rain spoiled our picnic.",
    "zh": "即使下雨毁了我们的野餐，她仍然保持乐观。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular contact with nature can have a positive effect on children's emotional development and overall wellbeing.",
    "zh": "经常接触大自然可以对儿童的情绪发展和整体健康产生积极影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "positive attitude｜积极的态度",
   "positive impact｜积极影响",
   "positive result｜阳性结果；良好结果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "positively (adv.)",
   "positivity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "optimistic",
   "confident"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "negative"
  ],
  "tip": "检测结果positive指阳性，不一定是好消息。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "positive"
 },
 {
  "w": "drummer",
  "uk": "/ˈdrʌmə(r)/",
  "us": "/ˈdrʌmɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鼓手",
    "en": "A person who plays drums, especially in a musical group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The drummer tapped her sticks together before the song.",
    "zh": "歌曲开始前，女鼓手把两根鼓槌相互敲了几下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A skilled drummer helps musicians maintain a steady rhythm, which is essential for a coordinated live performance.",
    "zh": "熟练的鼓手帮助乐手保持稳定节奏，这对现场演出的协调至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a skilled drummer｜技艺娴熟的鼓手",
   "a jazz drummer｜爵士乐鼓手",
   "the band's drummer｜乐队的鼓手"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drum (n.)",
   "drum (v.)",
   "drumming (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "drum加-er构成drummer，注意双写m。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drummer"
 },
 {
  "w": "divide",
  "uk": "/dɪˈvaɪd/",
  "us": "/dɪˈvaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分开；分配",
    "en": "to separate something into parts or share it among people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "除；除以",
    "en": "to calculate how many times one quantity fits into another"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分歧；差距",
    "en": "a major difference separating people or groups"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Let's divide the cake into slices before everyone arrives.",
    "zh": "趁大家还没来，我们先把蛋糕切成小块吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unequal access to reliable internet services can deepen the digital divide between urban and rural communities.",
    "zh": "获得可靠互联网服务的机会不均，可能加深城乡社区之间的数字鸿沟。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "divide into groups｜分成小组",
   "divide equally｜平均分配",
   "divide by｜除以",
   "the digital divide｜数字鸿沟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "division (n.)",
   "divided (adj.)",
   "divisible (adj.)",
   "divisive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "separate",
   "split"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unite",
   "combine"
  ],
  "tip": "divide into表示分成；divide by表示除以。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "divide"
 },
 {
  "w": "recognise",
  "uk": "/ˈrekəɡnaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈrekəɡnaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "认出；辨认出",
    "en": "to identify someone or something known from before"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "承认；意识到",
    "en": "to accept or understand that something is true or important"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "正式认可；表彰",
    "en": "to officially accept something or honour someone's achievements"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I recognised your brother immediately, despite his new haircut.",
    "zh": "虽然你哥哥换了发型，我还是立刻认出了他。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools increasingly recognise that regular physical activity can improve both students' health and academic performance.",
    "zh": "学校日益认识到，经常运动能够改善学生的健康状况和学习表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "recognise a face｜认出一张脸",
   "recognise the importance of｜认识到……的重要性",
   "officially recognise｜正式认可"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recognition (n.)",
   "recognisable (adj.)",
   "unrecognisable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "identify",
   "acknowledge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "recognise 常见于英式英语；美式多用 recognize。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recognise"
 },
 {
  "w": "upper",
  "uk": "/ˈʌpə/",
  "us": "/ˈʌpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "上面的；上部的",
    "en": "Located above another part or nearer the top."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "较高的；上层的",
    "en": "Higher in rank, level, or position within a range."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep the spare blankets on the upper shelf.",
    "zh": "把备用毯子放在上层架子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents on the upper floors of apartment buildings may face difficulties when lifts stop working.",
    "zh": "公寓楼高层住户在电梯停运时可能会遇到困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "upper floor｜楼上层",
   "upper body｜上半身",
   "upper limit｜上限",
   "upper class｜上层阶级"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "lower"
  ],
  "tip": "通常放在名词前，如upper floor；反义词是lower。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "upper"
 },
 {
  "w": "fare",
  "uk": "/feə/",
  "us": "/fer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "车费；船费；机票费",
    "en": "The money paid for a journey on public transport."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "进展；过得",
    "en": "To perform or experience a particular level of success."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "饭菜；饮食",
    "en": "Food of a particular kind served in a place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I had just enough coins for the bus fare.",
    "zh": "我的硬币刚好够付公交车费。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing train fares could encourage commuters to leave their cars at home and use public transport.",
    "zh": "降低火车票价可以鼓励通勤者不开车，改用公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bus fare｜公交车费",
   "fare increase｜票价上涨",
   "fare well｜表现良好",
   "traditional fare｜传统饭菜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fare是交通票价；fee多指服务费或学费。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fare"
 },
 {
  "w": "worth",
  "uk": "/wɜːθ/",
  "us": "/wɝːθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "价值……的",
    "en": "Having a particular value in money."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "值得的",
    "en": "Deserving the time, effort, or money something requires."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "价值；作用",
    "en": "The value, importance, or usefulness of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This old bicycle is still worth fifty pounds.",
    "zh": "这辆旧自行车仍然值五十英镑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in public transport is worth the initial expense because it can reduce congestion and pollution.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通值得付出前期费用，因为这能减少拥堵和污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be worth doing｜值得做",
   "be worth the effort｜值得付出努力",
   "prove your worth｜证明自己的价值"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "worthless (adj.)",
   "worthy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示值得做用be worth doing，不用worth to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "worth"
 },
 {
  "w": "collar",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒlə/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːlər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "衣领",
    "en": "The part of a garment that surrounds the neck."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动物颈圈",
    "en": "A band worn around an animal's neck."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抓住；拦住",
    "en": "To catch or stop someone, often to speak to them."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He straightened his shirt collar before the interview.",
    "zh": "面试前，他整理了一下衬衫衣领。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-fitted collar allows owners to attach a lead and keep dogs under control in public spaces.",
    "zh": "合适的颈圈方便主人系上牵引绳，在公共场所管好狗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shirt collar｜衬衫领子",
   "dog collar｜狗颈圈",
   "a stiff collar｜硬衣领",
   "turn up your collar｜竖起衣领"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "collared (adj.)",
   "collarless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "white-collar指白领的；blue-collar指蓝领的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "collar"
 },
 {
  "w": "injury",
  "uk": "/ˈɪndʒəri/",
  "us": "/ˈɪndʒəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "身体损伤；受伤",
    "en": "Physical harm to someone's body, often caused by an accident"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His knee injury kept him away from football practice.",
    "zh": "他的膝伤使他无法参加足球训练。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should provide regular safety training to reduce the risk of injury among workers operating heavy machinery.",
    "zh": "雇主应定期提供安全培训，以降低操作重型机械的工人受伤的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "suffer an injury｜受伤",
   "a serious injury｜重伤",
   "a knee injury｜膝部损伤",
   "risk of injury｜受伤风险"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "injure (v.)",
   "injured (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "具体伤处可数；泛指身体伤害时常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "injury"
 },
 {
  "w": "fold",
  "uk": "/fəʊld/",
  "us": "/foʊld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "折叠；对折",
    "en": "to bend something so one part lies over another"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "褶；折痕",
    "en": "a bend or crease in paper, cloth, or skin"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "倒闭；停业",
    "en": "to close because a business cannot continue operating"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please fold these towels and put them on the shelf.",
    "zh": "请把这些毛巾叠好，放到架子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses may fold when rising rental costs make it impossible to maintain a reasonable profit.",
    "zh": "当租金上涨导致无法维持合理利润时，小企业可能倒闭。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fold in half｜对折",
   "fold your arms｜双臂交叉抱在胸前",
   "fold up a chair｜把椅子折起来",
   "fold the laundry｜叠洗好的衣物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "unfold (v.)",
   "folding (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unfold"
  ],
  "tip": "fold强调折叠；bend只表示弯曲，不一定叠合。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fold"
 },
 {
  "w": "reliable",
  "uk": "/rɪˈlaɪəbl/",
  "us": "/rɪˈlaɪəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可靠的；可信赖的",
    "en": "Able to be trusted to work well or behave consistently"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our old car is still reliable in cold weather.",
    "zh": "我们的旧车在寒冷天气里依然很可靠。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to reliable information helps citizens make informed decisions about their health and finances.",
    "zh": "获取可靠的信息有助于公民就健康和财务作出明智决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reliable source｜可靠来源",
   "reliable information｜可靠信息",
   "reliable service｜可靠的服务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rely (v.)",
   "reliability (n.)",
   "reliably (adv.)",
   "unreliable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dependable",
   "trustworthy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unreliable"
  ],
  "tip": "reliable可形容人、信息或机器，强调值得信赖。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reliable"
 },
 {
  "w": "surface",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːfɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːfɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "表面；表层",
    "en": "The outside or top layer of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "浮出水面",
    "en": "To rise to the top of water"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "显露；被发现",
    "en": "To become known or noticeable after being hidden"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Wipe the kitchen surface before you start preparing lunch.",
    "zh": "开始准备午饭前，先擦一下厨房台面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Dark road surfaces absorb heat during the day, contributing to higher temperatures in urban areas.",
    "zh": "深色路面白天吸收热量，导致城市地区气温升高。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a smooth surface｜光滑的表面",
   "the Earth's surface｜地球表面",
   "beneath the surface｜表面之下",
   "surface tension｜表面张力"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "exterior",
   "emerge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on the surface 指“在表面上”，也可指“表面看来”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "surface"
 },
 {
  "w": "version",
  "uk": "/ˈvɜːʃn/",
  "us": "/ˈvɝːʒn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "版本；改编形式",
    "en": "A particular form of something that exists in different forms"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "个人叙述；说法",
    "en": "One person's account of an event"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new version of this app loads much faster.",
    "zh": "这个应用的新版本加载快多了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Comparing each witness's version of events helps investigators develop a more accurate understanding of what happened.",
    "zh": "比较各位目击者对事件的叙述，有助于调查人员更准确地了解事情的经过。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the latest version｜最新版本",
   "an updated version｜更新版",
   "a version of events｜对事件的一种说法",
   "a film version｜电影改编版"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "version指同一事物的不同形式，也指个人对事件的说法。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "version"
 },
 {
  "w": "melt",
  "uk": "/melt/",
  "us": "/melt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "融化；使熔化",
    "en": "To become liquid through heat, or make something become liquid"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使心软；使感动",
    "en": "To become gentler emotionally, or make someone feel this way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The butter melted quickly in the warm pan.",
    "zh": "黄油在温热的平底锅里很快就化了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As global temperatures rise, mountain glaciers melt faster, threatening freshwater supplies for communities downstream.",
    "zh": "随着全球气温上升，山地冰川融化加快，威胁着下游社区的淡水供应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "melt ice｜使冰融化",
   "melt away｜逐渐消失",
   "melt someone's heart｜打动某人的心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "melting (adj.)",
   "molten (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "freeze",
   "solidify"
  ],
  "tip": "melt指受热融化；dissolve指溶于液体。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "melt"
 },
 {
  "w": "widely",
  "uk": "/ˈwaɪdli/",
  "us": "/ˈwaɪdli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "广泛地；普遍地",
    "en": "Across many places or among many people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "差异很大地",
    "en": "With a large difference between people, things, or situations"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This fruit is widely available in local shops.",
    "zh": "这种水果在当地商店里随处可买到。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although online learning is widely accepted, access to reliable internet connections still varies considerably between regions.",
    "zh": "尽管在线学习已被广泛接受，各地区获得稳定网络连接的条件仍有很大差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "widely available｜随处可得的",
   "widely used｜广泛使用的",
   "widely accepted｜普遍接受的",
   "vary widely｜差异很大"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wide (adj.)",
   "widen (v.)",
   "width (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "extensively",
   "broadly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "widely指范围广；wide还可表示充分张开。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "widely"
 },
 {
  "w": "stapler",
  "uk": "/ˈsteɪplə/",
  "us": "/ˈsteɪplər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "订书机",
    "en": "a device that joins papers using small metal staples"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you pass me the stapler beside your notebook?",
    "zh": "你能把笔记本旁边的订书机递给我吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing basic office equipment, such as staplers and printers, helps community centres support residents seeking employment.",
    "zh": "提供订书机和打印机等基本办公设备，有助于社区中心为求职居民提供支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "use a stapler｜使用订书机",
   "a desk stapler｜桌面订书机",
   "refill a stapler｜给订书机装钉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "staple (n.)",
   "staple (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "stapler是订书机，staple是订书钉，也可作动词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stapler"
 },
 {
  "w": "first-aid",
  "uk": "/ˌfɜːst ˈeɪd/",
  "us": "/ˌfɝːst ˈeɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "急救用的；急救的",
    "en": "Used for immediate basic care after injury or sudden illness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a first-aid kit in the kitchen cupboard.",
    "zh": "厨房橱柜里有一个急救包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should provide first-aid training so that staff can respond effectively to minor workplace injuries.",
    "zh": "雇主应提供急救培训，让员工能够有效应对工作场所的轻伤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "first-aid kit｜急救包",
   "first-aid training｜急救培训",
   "first-aid equipment｜急救设备"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词写作first aid；置于名词前可加连字符。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "first-aid"
 },
 {
  "w": "joy",
  "uk": "/dʒɔɪ/",
  "us": "/dʒɔɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喜悦；欢乐",
    "en": "A feeling of great happiness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "令人高兴的人或事",
    "en": "A person or thing that brings great happiness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children jumped for joy when the snow began.",
    "zh": "开始下雪时，孩子们高兴得跳了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community gardens can bring joy to residents while strengthening social connections and encouraging healthier lifestyles.",
    "zh": "社区花园既能给居民带来欢乐，也能加强社会联系并鼓励更健康的生活方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bring joy｜带来欢乐",
   "jump for joy｜高兴得跳起来",
   "tears of joy｜喜悦的泪水",
   "the joys of parenthood｜为人父母的乐趣"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "joyful (adj.)",
   "joyfully (adv.)",
   "joyous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "delight",
   "happiness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sorrow",
   "misery"
  ],
  "tip": "表喜悦通常不可数；表乐事可数，如a joy。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "joy"
 },
 {
  "w": "skip",
  "uk": "/skɪp/",
  "us": "/skɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "跳过；略过；不参加",
    "en": "To leave something out or not do something expected."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "蹦跳着走；跳绳",
    "en": "To move with light hops or jump over a swinging rope."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I skipped breakfast because I woke up too late.",
    "zh": "我起得太晚，所以没吃早餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who regularly skip classes may struggle to develop the knowledge required for more advanced courses.",
    "zh": "经常缺课的学生可能难以掌握学习更高阶课程所需的知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "skip breakfast｜不吃早餐",
   "skip a class｜逃一节课",
   "skip a step｜跳过一个步骤",
   "skip rope｜跳绳"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "skipping (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "omit",
   "miss"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "skip后直接接宾语；skipped、skipping须双写p。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "skip"
 },
 {
  "w": "guard",
  "uk": "/ɡɑːd/",
  "us": "/ɡɑːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "警卫；守卫",
    "en": "a person whose job is to protect people or places"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "守卫；保护；看守",
    "en": "to protect someone or something from danger or escape"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "防护装置",
    "en": "a cover or barrier that prevents injury or damage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The guard checked my ticket before opening the gate.",
    "zh": "警卫检查了我的票才打开大门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museums employ trained staff to guard valuable collections while ensuring that visitors can enjoy them safely.",
    "zh": "博物馆雇用受过培训的工作人员保护珍贵藏品，同时确保游客能够安全地观赏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "security guard｜保安",
   "guard against｜防范",
   "on guard｜警戒着",
   "protective guard｜防护罩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "guardian (n.)",
   "guarded (adj.)",
   "unguarded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "guard against表示防范某种风险或错误。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "guard"
 },
 {
  "w": "underline",
  "uk": "/ˌʌndəˈlaɪn/",
  "us": "/ˌʌndərˈlaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "在…下面画线",
    "en": "to draw a line beneath a word or phrase"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "强调；凸显",
    "en": "to show that something is especially important"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher asked us to underline the unfamiliar words.",
    "zh": "老师让我们在不熟悉的单词下面画线。"
   },
   {
    "en": "These findings underline the importance of providing affordable housing near public transport for families on low incomes.",
    "zh": "这些发现凸显了在公共交通附近为低收入家庭提供可负担住房的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "underline a word｜在单词下面画线",
   "underline the importance of｜强调…的重要性",
   "underline the need for｜凸显对…的需要"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "underscore"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "本义是在下方画线，也常用于强调重要性。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "underline"
 },
 {
  "w": "stream",
  "uk": "/striːm/",
  "us": "/striːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小溪；溪流",
    "en": "A small, narrow river."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "连续不断的人流或事物",
    "en": "A continuous flow of people or things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "流动；在线播放",
    "en": "To flow continuously, or play media directly over the internet."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We crossed the shallow stream on flat stones.",
    "zh": "我们踩着扁平的石头穿过了那条浅溪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many students now stream educational videos at home, making reliable internet access increasingly important for learning.",
    "zh": "许多学生如今在家在线观看视频课程，因此可靠的网络连接对学习越来越重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a mountain stream｜山间小溪",
   "a steady stream of visitors｜络绎不绝的访客",
   "stream music｜在线播放音乐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "streaming (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "brook"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a stream of可指接连不断的人或事物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stream"
 },
 {
  "w": "ballet",
  "uk": "/ˈbæleɪ/",
  "us": "/bæˈleɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "芭蕾舞；芭蕾舞剧",
    "en": "A formal dance style, or a performance using this style."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister practises ballet at the studio every Saturday.",
    "zh": "我姐姐每周六都在舞蹈室练习芭蕾舞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public funding for ballet can help preserve artistic traditions and make performances accessible to a wider audience.",
    "zh": "为芭蕾舞提供公共资金有助于保护艺术传统，并让更多观众有机会观看演出。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ballet dancer｜芭蕾舞演员",
   "ballet company｜芭蕾舞团",
   "ballet lessons｜芭蕾舞课",
   "classical ballet｜古典芭蕾舞"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "词尾t不发音；英式重音在前，美式在后。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ballet"
 },
 {
  "w": "disappointment",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "失望；沮丧",
    "en": "sadness because something was not as good as expected"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "令人失望的人或事",
    "en": "someone or something that fails to meet your hopes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her face showed disappointment when the picnic was cancelled.",
    "zh": "野餐取消时，她脸上露出了失望的神情。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching young people to cope with disappointment can help them respond more positively to academic setbacks.",
    "zh": "教年轻人应对失望，有助于他们更积极地面对学业上的挫折。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "to my disappointment｜令我失望的是",
   "a bitter disappointment｜极其令人失望的事",
   "cope with disappointment｜应对失望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disappoint (v.)",
   "disappointed (adj.)",
   "disappointing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dismay",
   "letdown"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "satisfaction"
  ],
  "tip": "指情绪通常不可数；指令人失望的事可用a disappointment。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disappointment"
 },
 {
  "w": "workout",
  "uk": "/ˈwɜːkaʊt/",
  "us": "/ˈwɝːkaʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "锻炼；健身训练",
    "en": "a period of physical exercise to improve strength or fitness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After a short workout, I felt ready for breakfast.",
    "zh": "短暂锻炼后，我觉得可以好好吃顿早饭了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A regular workout can improve physical health and help office workers manage stress more effectively.",
    "zh": "定期锻炼可以改善身体健康，并帮助办公室职员更有效地缓解压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "daily workout｜每日锻炼",
   "intense workout｜高强度训练",
   "workout routine｜健身训练安排"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "exercise session"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "workout是名词；动词短语work out要分开写。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "workout"
 },
 {
  "w": "angel",
  "uk": "/ˈeɪndʒəl/",
  "us": "/ˈeɪndʒəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天使",
    "en": "A spiritual being believed to carry messages from God"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "善良可爱的人",
    "en": "Someone who is exceptionally kind or helpful"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The painting shows an angel with shining white wings.",
    "zh": "这幅画描绘了一位长着洁白耀眼翅膀的天使。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Images of angels appear in religious art and can reveal important aspects of a society's beliefs.",
    "zh": "天使形象出现在宗教艺术中，能够揭示一个社会信仰的重要方面。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "guardian angel｜守护天使",
   "an absolute angel｜大好人",
   "angel wings｜天使的翅膀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "angelic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "称某人为an angel，可表示对方善良或帮了大忙。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "angel"
 },
 {
  "w": "loss",
  "uk": "/lɒs/",
  "us": "/lɔːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "丧失；遗失；损失",
    "en": "The fact of no longer having someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "亏损；亏损额",
    "en": "Money lost when costs are higher than income."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "失败；输掉比赛",
    "en": "A defeat in a game or competition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She reported the loss of her wallet yesterday.",
    "zh": "她昨天报失了钱包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The loss of natural habitats threatens biodiversity and can weaken ecosystems that support local agriculture.",
    "zh": "自然栖息地的丧失威胁生物多样性，也可能削弱支撑当地农业的生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hearing loss｜听力丧失",
   "job losses｜工作岗位流失",
   "at a loss｜亏本地；不知所措",
   "a financial loss｜财务损失"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lose (v.)",
   "lost (adj.)",
   "loser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "gain"
  ],
  "tip": "loss是名词，lose是动词，过去式和过去分词为lost。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "loss"
 },
 {
  "w": "farming",
  "uk": "/ˈfɑːmɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈfɑːrmɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "农业；农场经营",
    "en": "Growing crops or raising animals for food and other products"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandparents earn their living from sheep farming.",
    "zh": "我的祖父母以养羊为生。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sustainable farming can protect soil quality while providing enough food for a growing population.",
    "zh": "可持续农业既能保护土壤质量，也能为不断增长的人口提供充足的食物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "organic farming｜有机农业",
   "dairy farming｜奶牛养殖",
   "intensive farming｜集约化农业",
   "sustainable farming｜可持续农业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "farm (n.)",
   "farm (v.)",
   "farmer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "agriculture"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指农业时通常不可数；养殖也可用farming。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "farming"
 },
 {
  "w": "achievement",
  "uk": "/əˈtʃiːvmənt/",
  "us": "/əˈtʃiːvmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成就；成绩",
    "en": "Something valuable accomplished through effort or skill."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实现；达成",
    "en": "The successful completion of a goal through effort."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Finishing my first long hike felt like a real achievement.",
    "zh": "完成第一次长途徒步让我觉得很有成就感。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should recognise creative achievements alongside examination results to encourage a wider range of student abilities.",
    "zh": "学校应在重视考试成绩的同时认可创造性成果，以鼓励学生发展多方面的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a major achievement｜重大成就",
   "a sense of achievement｜成就感",
   "academic achievement｜学业成绩",
   "the achievement of goals｜目标的实现"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "achieve (v.)",
   "achievable (adj.)",
   "achiever (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "accomplishment",
   "attainment"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "failure"
  ],
  "tip": "具体成就可数；表示目标的实现时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "achievement"
 },
 {
  "w": "spill",
  "uk": "/spɪl/",
  "us": "/spɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "洒出；溢出；使散落",
    "en": "To accidentally let liquid or loose material escape its container."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洒出物；泄漏",
    "en": "An amount of liquid spilled, or an incident involving spilling."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I spilled orange juice all over my clean shirt.",
    "zh": "我把橙汁洒得干净衬衫上到处都是。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Oil spills can damage marine ecosystems and threaten the livelihoods of communities that depend on fishing.",
    "zh": "石油泄漏会破坏海洋生态系统，并威胁依赖捕鱼的社区的生计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spill a drink｜洒出饮料",
   "an oil spill｜石油泄漏",
   "spill over｜溢出；波及",
   "spill the beans｜泄露秘密"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spillage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词可用spilled或spilt。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spill"
 },
 {
  "w": "guesthouse",
  "uk": "/ˈɡesthaʊs/",
  "us": "/ˈɡesthaʊs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "家庭旅馆；小旅馆",
    "en": "A small place providing paid accommodation, often in someone's home."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a cosy guesthouse overlooking the fishing harbour.",
    "zh": "我们找到了一家能俯瞰渔港的舒适小旅馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Family-run guesthouses can support rural economies by encouraging tourists to spend money in local communities.",
    "zh": "家庭经营的小旅馆可以鼓励游客在当地社区消费，从而支持农村经济。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stay at a guesthouse｜住在小旅馆",
   "family-run guesthouse｜家庭经营的小旅馆",
   "seaside guesthouse｜海滨小旅馆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "guest (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指规模较小的旅馆，不宜泛指大型酒店。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "guesthouse"
 },
 {
  "w": "sharp",
  "uk": "/ʃɑːp/",
  "us": "/ʃɑːrp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "锋利的；尖的",
    "en": "Having an edge or point that cuts or pierces easily."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "急剧的；显著的",
    "en": "Sudden and large in degree or amount."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "敏锐的；机敏的",
    "en": "Quick to notice, understand, or respond to things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This knife is sharp enough to slice tomatoes easily.",
    "zh": "这把刀足够锋利，切番茄很轻松。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A sharp increase in housing costs has forced many young adults to delay moving out of their parents' homes.",
    "zh": "住房成本急剧上涨，迫使许多年轻人推迟搬离父母家的计划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sharp knife｜锋利的刀",
   "sharp increase｜急剧增长",
   "sharp contrast｜鲜明对比",
   "sharp mind｜敏锐的头脑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sharpen (v.)",
   "sharply (adv.)",
   "sharpness (n.)",
   "sharpener (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "blunt"
  ],
  "tip": "形容变化时常指幅度大且突然，如a sharp rise。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sharp"
 },
 {
  "w": "account",
  "uk": "/əˈkaʊnt/",
  "us": "/əˈkaʊnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "账户；账号",
    "en": "an arrangement for managing money or accessing a service"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "叙述；报告",
    "en": "a spoken or written description of events"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "解释；占（比例）",
    "en": "with for: explain something or constitute a share of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I opened a savings account at the local bank.",
    "zh": "我在当地银行开了一个储蓄账户。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Transport costs account for a substantial share of household spending, particularly in areas with limited public services.",
    "zh": "交通费用占家庭支出的很大一部分，在公共服务有限的地区尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "open an account｜开立账户",
   "give an account of｜叙述",
   "account for｜解释；占",
   "take into account｜考虑到"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accountant (n.)",
   "accounting (n.)",
   "accountable (adj.)",
   "accountability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "account for可表示“解释原因”或“占某比例”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "account"
 },
 {
  "w": "unkind",
  "uk": "/ˌʌnˈkaɪnd/",
  "us": "/ˌʌnˈkaɪnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不友善的；刻薄的",
    "en": "not caring about others' feelings or treating them kindly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was unkind to laugh at his first drawing.",
    "zh": "嘲笑他第一次画的画很不友善。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach children how unkind comments online can affect the emotional wellbeing of their classmates.",
    "zh": "学校应教导孩子认识到，网上刻薄的评论会如何影响同学的心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unkind remarks｜刻薄的话",
   "be unkind to someone｜对某人不友善",
   "unkind behaviour｜不友善的行为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "kind (adj.)",
   "kindness (n.)",
   "unkindness (n.)",
   "unkindly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mean",
   "hurtful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "kind",
   "considerate"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“对某人不友善”用be unkind to someone。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unkind"
 },
 {
  "w": "silence",
  "uk": "/ˈsaɪləns/",
  "us": "/ˈsaɪləns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "寂静；沉默",
    "en": "a lack of sound or speech"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使安静；压制言论",
    "en": "to stop someone or something making noise or expressing opinions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sat in silence as the snow fell outside.",
    "zh": "外面下着雪，我们静静地坐着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Extended periods of silence in classrooms can give students valuable time to reflect on difficult questions.",
    "zh": "课堂上较长的安静时段可以给学生宝贵的时间来思考难题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in silence｜默默地",
   "break the silence｜打破沉默",
   "complete silence｜一片寂静",
   "silence criticism｜压制批评"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "silent (adj.)",
   "silently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "quiet"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "noise"
  ],
  "tip": "in silence意为默默地；silent是形容词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "silence"
 },
 {
  "w": "border",
  "uk": "/ˈbɔːdə/",
  "us": "/ˈbɔːrdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "国界；边界",
    "en": "the dividing line between countries or regions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "边缘；装饰边",
    "en": "a strip around the outside edge of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "与……接壤；紧邻",
    "en": "to share a boundary with a place"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We crossed the border by train early this morning.",
    "zh": "我们今天一早乘火车越过了边境。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Countries that share a border often need to cooperate closely on trade and environmental protection.",
    "zh": "接壤的国家往往需要在贸易和环境保护方面密切合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cross the border｜越过边境",
   "border controls｜边境管制",
   "share a border｜接壤",
   "a decorative border｜装饰边"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bordering (adj.)",
   "borderless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "boundary"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "border作动词直接接地点；border on还可表示近乎。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "border"
 },
 {
  "w": "acceptable",
  "uk": "/əkˈseptəbl/",
  "us": "/əkˈseptəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可接受的；合格的",
    "en": "good enough or suitable to be allowed or approved"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These shoes are acceptable for work, but trainers aren't.",
    "zh": "这双鞋适合上班穿，但运动鞋不行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must establish acceptable limits for industrial emissions to protect public health and nearby ecosystems.",
    "zh": "政府必须为工业排放设定可接受的限值，以保护公众健康和周边生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "acceptable standard｜合格标准",
   "socially acceptable｜社会认可的",
   "acceptable to everyone｜人人都能接受的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accept (v.)",
   "acceptance (n.)",
   "unacceptable (adj.)",
   "acceptability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "satisfactory",
   "adequate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unacceptable"
  ],
  "tip": "acceptable表示达到要求，不等于优秀。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "acceptable"
 },
 {
  "w": "embarrassing",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人尴尬的；使人难堪的",
    "en": "Making someone feel awkward, ashamed, or uncomfortable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was embarrassing when my phone rang during the ceremony.",
    "zh": "典礼进行时我的手机响了，真让人尴尬。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may avoid asking questions if they believe that making mistakes in front of classmates is embarrassing.",
    "zh": "如果学生觉得在同学面前犯错很丢脸，他们可能会避免提问。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an embarrassing mistake｜令人尴尬的错误",
   "an embarrassing situation｜令人难堪的处境",
   "deeply embarrassing｜极其尴尬的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "embarrass (v.)",
   "embarrassed (adj.)",
   "embarrassment (n.)",
   "embarrassingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "awkward"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "事物令人尴尬用embarrassing；人感到尴尬用embarrassed。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "embarrassing"
 },
 {
  "w": "booklet",
  "uk": "/ˈbʊklət/",
  "us": "/ˈbʊklət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小册子",
    "en": "a small, thin book, usually containing practical information"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse gave me a booklet about healthy eating.",
    "zh": "护士给了我一本介绍健康饮食的小册子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An illustrated booklet can make essential health advice more accessible to patients with limited reading skills.",
    "zh": "一本配有插图的小册子可以让阅读能力有限的患者更容易理解重要的健康建议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an information booklet｜资料手册",
   "an instruction booklet｜说明书",
   "a booklet on｜关于……的小册子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "book (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "brochure"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "-let常表示小；booklet是薄薄的小册子。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "booklet"
 },
 {
  "w": "hunting",
  "uk": "/ˈhʌntɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈhʌntɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狩猎",
    "en": "The activity of chasing and catching or killing wild animals."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "搜寻；寻找",
    "en": "The activity of trying to find something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spotted fresh animal tracks during our hunting trip.",
    "zh": "我们在狩猎途中发现了新鲜的动物足迹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restrictions on hunting can help protect endangered species and maintain balanced ecosystems in vulnerable natural habitats.",
    "zh": "限制狩猎有助于保护濒危物种，并维持脆弱自然栖息地的生态平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "illegal hunting｜非法狩猎",
   "a hunting ban｜狩猎禁令",
   "job hunting｜求职",
   "house hunting｜找房"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hunt (v.)",
   "hunter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常作不可数名词；job hunting指找工作。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hunting"
 },
 {
  "w": "novel",
  "uk": "/ˈnɒvəl/",
  "us": "/ˈnɑːvəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "长篇小说",
    "en": "A long written story about imaginary people and events."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "新颖的；新奇的",
    "en": "New and different from what is already known."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I finished the novel on the train yesterday.",
    "zh": "我昨天在火车上读完了这部长篇小说。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can use historical novels to help students understand how ordinary people experienced major social changes.",
    "zh": "学校可以利用历史小说，帮助学生理解普通人如何经历重大的社会变革。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write a novel｜写长篇小说",
   "historical novel｜历史小说",
   "novel approach｜新颖的方法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "novelist (n.)",
   "novelty (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词指长篇小说；作形容词指新颖的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "novel"
 },
 {
  "w": "wise",
  "uk": "/waɪz/",
  "us": "/waɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有智慧的；明智的",
    "en": "Showing good judgment based on knowledge and experience."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Taking a warm coat was a wise decision today.",
    "zh": "今天带上一件暖和的外套是个明智的决定。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It would be wise for governments to invest in preventive healthcare rather than rely solely on hospital treatment.",
    "zh": "政府投资预防性医疗，而非仅仅依靠医院治疗，会是明智之举。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wise decision｜明智的决定",
   "wise advice｜睿智的忠告",
   "wise to do something｜做某事是明智的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wisely (adv.)",
   "wisdom (n.)",
   "unwise (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sensible",
   "prudent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "foolish",
   "unwise"
  ],
  "tip": "wise强调判断明智；clever更强调聪明、学得快。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wise"
 },
 {
  "w": "priest",
  "uk": "/priːst/",
  "us": "/priːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "神父；祭司；教士",
    "en": "a person authorised to perform religious ceremonies"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The priest welcomed everyone as they entered the church.",
    "zh": "大家走进教堂时，神父向每个人表示欢迎。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In many communities, a priest provides emotional support and helps organise assistance for families in need.",
    "zh": "在许多社区，神父提供情感支持，并帮助为困难家庭组织援助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a parish priest｜堂区神父",
   "a Catholic priest｜天主教神父",
   "be ordained a priest｜被授予神父圣职"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "priesthood (n.)",
   "priestly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cleric"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "并非所有宗教人士都称priest；僧侣通常称monk。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "priest"
 },
 {
  "w": "negative",
  "uk": "/ˈneɡətɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈneɡətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "消极的；不利的",
    "en": "expressing pessimism or having a harmful effect"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "否定的；阴性的",
    "en": "expressing refusal or showing that something tested for is absent"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "负的；小于零的",
    "en": "less than zero"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her negative comments made me doubt my cooking skills.",
    "zh": "她的负面评价让我怀疑自己的厨艺。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Heavy reliance on private cars can have negative effects on air quality and public health.",
    "zh": "过度依赖私家车可能对空气质量和公众健康产生不利影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "negative impact｜负面影响",
   "negative attitude｜消极态度",
   "test negative for｜检测结果为阴性",
   "negative number｜负数"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "negatively (adv.)",
   "negativity (n.)",
   "negate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "positive"
  ],
  "tip": "检测结果为negative指未检出，并非结果不好。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "negative"
 },
 {
  "w": "consumer",
  "uk": "/kənˈsjuːmə/",
  "us": "/kənˈsuːmər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "消费者",
    "en": "A person who buys goods or services for personal use."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "As a consumer, I always compare prices before buying.",
    "zh": "作为消费者，我总会在购买前比较价格。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should protect consumers by requiring companies to provide accurate information about their products.",
    "zh": "政府应要求企业提供准确的产品信息，以保护消费者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "consumer rights｜消费者权益",
   "consumer demand｜消费需求",
   "consumer goods｜消费品",
   "consumer protection｜消费者保护"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consume (v.)",
   "consumption (n.)",
   "consumerism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "buyer",
   "purchaser"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "consumer强调消费身份；customer强调与商家的交易关系。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consumer"
 },
 {
  "w": "marriage",
  "uk": "/ˈmærɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈmærɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "婚姻；结婚",
    "en": "the legally or socially recognised relationship between two spouses"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "紧密结合",
    "en": "a successful combination of different things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their marriage grew stronger as they learned to listen.",
    "zh": "随着他们学会倾听，婚姻关系变得更加稳固。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Changing attitudes towards marriage have influenced household structures and housing demand in many societies.",
    "zh": "在许多社会中，人们对婚姻态度的变化影响了家庭结构和住房需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a happy marriage｜幸福的婚姻",
   "marriage certificate｜结婚证",
   "marriage ceremony｜结婚仪式",
   "marriage to someone｜与某人的婚姻"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "marry (v.)",
   "married (adj.)",
   "unmarried (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "matrimony"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "marriage指婚姻关系；wedding主要指婚礼。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "marriage"
 },
 {
  "w": "tournament",
  "uk": "/ˈtʊənəmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈtʊrnəmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "锦标赛；联赛",
    "en": "a competition involving several games between different players or teams"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our school tennis tournament starts next Saturday morning.",
    "zh": "我们学校的网球锦标赛下周六早上开始。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hosting an international tournament can boost tourism, but maintaining sports facilities afterwards may prove expensive.",
    "zh": "举办国际锦标赛能够促进旅游业，但赛后维护体育设施可能费用高昂。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "host a tournament｜主办锦标赛",
   "enter a tournament｜报名参赛",
   "win a tournament｜赢得锦标赛",
   "tennis tournament｜网球锦标赛"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常包含多场比赛；单场比赛常用match或game。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tournament"
 },
 {
  "w": "pregnant",
  "uk": "/ˈpreɡnənt/",
  "us": "/ˈpreɡnənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "怀孕的；妊娠的",
    "en": "having a baby developing inside the body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin is pregnant and expects her baby in June.",
    "zh": "我表姐怀孕了，预产期在六月。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accessible healthcare helps pregnant women receive regular check-ups and reliable advice throughout their pregnancy.",
    "zh": "便捷可及的医疗服务有助于孕妇在整个孕期获得定期检查和可靠的建议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "become pregnant｜怀孕",
   "pregnant women｜孕妇",
   "heavily pregnant｜怀孕临近足月的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pregnancy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "expectant"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示怀孕多久可说six months pregnant。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pregnant"
 },
 {
  "w": "mat",
  "uk": "/mæt/",
  "us": "/mæt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "垫子；席子",
    "en": "A piece of material covering or protecting a surface."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使缠结成团",
    "en": "To twist hair or fibres into a thick tangled mass."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please wipe your shoes on the mat before entering.",
    "zh": "进门前请在垫子上擦擦鞋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Placing a rubber mat near each entrance can help prevent slips in busy public buildings.",
    "zh": "在每个入口附近放置橡胶垫，有助于防止人们在繁忙的公共建筑内滑倒。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a yoga mat｜瑜伽垫",
   "a rubber mat｜橡胶垫",
   "a bath mat｜浴室地垫",
   "an exercise mat｜运动垫"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "matting (n.)",
   "matted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mat通常是小块功能性垫子，不等同于carpet。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mat"
 },
 {
  "w": "press",
  "uk": "/pres/",
  "us": "/pres/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "按；压",
    "en": "Push firmly against something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新闻界；报刊",
    "en": "Newspapers, magazines, and the journalists who produce them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "催促；敦促",
    "en": "Try firmly to persuade someone to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Press this button to open the garage door.",
    "zh": "按这个按钮就能打开车库门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A free press helps citizens understand public affairs and holds those in power accountable.",
    "zh": "自由的新闻界帮助公民了解公共事务，并监督掌权者承担责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "press a button｜按按钮",
   "freedom of the press｜新闻自由",
   "press conference｜新闻发布会",
   "press for change｜敦促改革"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pressure (n.)",
   "pressing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "push",
   "urge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示新闻界通常用the press；按按钮不用push down。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "press"
 },
 {
  "w": "persuade",
  "uk": "/pəˈsweɪd/",
  "us": "/pərˈsweɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "说服；劝服",
    "en": "To get someone to do something by giving reasons"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使相信；使信服",
    "en": "To make someone believe something is true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I persuaded my brother to join our walking group.",
    "zh": "我说服弟弟加入了我们的步行小组。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns can persuade people to adopt healthier habits by explaining the benefits in accessible language.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传可以用通俗语言解释益处，说服人们养成更健康的习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "persuade someone to do something｜说服某人做某事",
   "persuade someone of something｜使某人相信某事",
   "hard to persuade｜难以说服"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "persuasion (n.)",
   "persuasive (adj.)",
   "persuasively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "convince"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dissuade"
  ],
  "tip": "persuade sb to do强调劝服成功，不只是提出建议。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "persuade"
 },
 {
  "w": "racing",
  "uk": "/ˈreɪsɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈreɪsɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "竞速运动；赛马",
    "en": "The sport of competing to move faster than others."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "竞速比赛用的",
    "en": "Designed or used for races."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin enjoys watching bicycle racing on weekend afternoons.",
    "zh": "我表亲喜欢在周末下午看自行车比赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Professional motor racing encourages technological innovation, but its environmental impact remains a subject of debate.",
    "zh": "职业赛车运动推动技术创新，但其环境影响仍存在争议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "horse racing｜赛马",
   "motor racing｜赛车运动",
   "a racing car｜赛车",
   "a racing bike｜竞赛自行车"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "race (n.)",
   "race (v.)",
   "racer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作运动名称通常不可数；一场比赛用a race。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "racing"
 },
 {
  "w": "lavatory",
  "uk": "/ˈlævətri/",
  "us": "/ˈlævətɔːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "厕所；洗手间",
    "en": "A toilet or a room containing one."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lavatory is just beyond the waiting room.",
    "zh": "洗手间就在候车室另一边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every passenger carriage should include a lavatory that travellers with limited mobility can access easily.",
    "zh": "每节客车车厢都应设有行动不便的旅客能够轻松使用的洗手间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public lavatory｜公共厕所",
   "lavatory door｜厕所门",
   "lavatory facilities｜卫生间设施"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "toilet",
   "washroom"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较正式，常见于英式英语；日常多用toilet。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lavatory"
 },
 {
  "w": "bomb",
  "uk": "/bɒm/",
  "us": "/bɑːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "炸弹",
    "en": "A weapon designed to explode and cause damage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "轰炸；投弹于",
    "en": "To attack a place using bombs."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displayed an empty bomb casing behind glass.",
    "zh": "博物馆在玻璃后陈列了一个空炸弹壳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Construction projects may be delayed when workers discover an unexploded bomb left over from a past conflict.",
    "zh": "当工人发现过去冲突遗留的未爆炸弹时，建设项目可能会延期。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an unexploded bomb｜未爆炸弹",
   "defuse a bomb｜拆除炸弹引信",
   "a bomb disposal team｜拆弹小组"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bombing (n.)",
   "bomber (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "词尾b不发音；bombing指轰炸或炸弹袭击。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bomb"
 },
 {
  "w": "vet",
  "uk": "/vet/",
  "us": "/vet/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "兽医",
    "en": "a person trained to treat sick or injured animals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "审查；仔细检查",
    "en": "to check someone or something carefully before giving approval"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The vet gently checked our puppy's ears and paws.",
    "zh": "兽医轻柔地检查了我们小狗的耳朵和爪子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Organisations should vet potential employees carefully when recruiting people who will work with children or vulnerable adults.",
    "zh": "组织在招聘将与儿童或弱势成年人接触的人员时，应仔细审查应聘者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a pet to the vet｜带宠物看兽医",
   "vet applicants｜审查申请人",
   "vetting process｜审查流程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "veterinarian (n.)",
   "veterinary (adj.)",
   "vetting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "veterinarian",
   "screen"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词过去式vetted，动名词vetting，均双写t。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vet"
 },
 {
  "w": "generation",
  "uk": "/ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一代人；一代",
    "en": "people born and living at roughly the same time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "产生；发电",
    "en": "the process of producing something, especially electricity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "产品的一代",
    "en": "a stage in the development of a product or technology"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Three generations of our family gathered for dinner yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们家三代人聚在一起吃晚饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each generation faces different challenges as technological progress changes the skills required in the workplace.",
    "zh": "随着技术进步改变职场所需的技能，每一代人都面临不同的挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "future generations｜后代",
   "generation gap｜代沟",
   "electricity generation｜发电",
   "younger generation｜年轻一代"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "generate (v.)",
   "generator (n.)",
   "generational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“一代人”时可数；表示“产生”时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "generation"
 },
 {
  "w": "clinic",
  "uk": "/ˈklɪnɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈklɪnɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诊所；门诊部",
    "en": "A place providing medical advice or treatment without overnight stays."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The clinic near our house opens early on weekdays.",
    "zh": "我们家附近的诊所工作日很早就开门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local clinics can reduce pressure on hospitals by treating common illnesses and providing preventive care.",
    "zh": "当地诊所可以通过治疗常见病和提供预防性保健来减轻医院的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dental clinic｜牙科诊所",
   "outpatient clinic｜门诊部",
   "attend a clinic｜去门诊就诊"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clinical (adj.)",
   "clinician (n.)",
   "clinically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "clinic指诊所或门诊部；“临床的”用clinical。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clinic"
 },
 {
  "w": "postpone",
  "uk": "/pəˈspəʊn/",
  "us": "/poʊˈspoʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推迟；延期",
    "en": "to arrange for something to happen later than originally planned"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We postponed our picnic because heavy rain was forecast.",
    "zh": "因为天气预报说有大雨，我们推迟了野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities decided to postpone construction until a full assessment of the environmental impact was completed.",
    "zh": "地方当局决定推迟施工，直到完成全面的环境影响评估。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "postpone a meeting｜推迟会议",
   "postpone a decision｜推迟决定",
   "postpone until further notice｜延期至另行通知"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "postponement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "delay",
   "defer"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "bring forward"
  ],
  "tip": "后接名词或动名词：postpone doing，不接to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "postpone"
 },
 {
  "w": "crown",
  "uk": "/kraʊn/",
  "us": "/kraʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "王冠；皇冠",
    "en": "a ceremonial headpiece worn by a king or queen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为……加冕；授予冠军称号",
    "en": "to officially make someone a monarch or declare them champion"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "顶部；头顶；树冠",
    "en": "the highest part of a head, tree, or other object"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The queen wore a golden crown during the ceremony.",
    "zh": "女王在仪式上戴着一顶金色王冠。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A royal crown displayed in a museum can reveal historical attitudes towards wealth, authority, and craftsmanship.",
    "zh": "博物馆里展出的王冠可以揭示历史上人们对财富、权威和工艺的态度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wear a crown｜戴王冠",
   "be crowned champion｜荣获冠军",
   "the crown of the head｜头顶",
   "the crown of a tree｜树冠"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crowning (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be crowned champion意为“被授予冠军称号”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crown"
 },
 {
  "w": "crime",
  "uk": "/kraɪm/",
  "us": "/kraɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "犯罪；犯罪活动",
    "en": "illegal activities considered as a whole"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "罪行",
    "en": "an action that breaks the law"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Better street lighting has helped reduce crime here.",
    "zh": "更好的街道照明帮助减少了这里的犯罪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in education and employment opportunities may reduce crime more effectively than increasingly severe punishments.",
    "zh": "投资教育和增加就业机会，可能比不断加重惩罚更有效地减少犯罪。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commit a crime｜犯罪",
   "prevent crime｜预防犯罪",
   "crime rate｜犯罪率",
   "violent crime｜暴力犯罪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "criminal (n.)",
   "criminal (adj.)",
   "criminality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指犯罪不可数；指具体罪行可数，如commit a crime。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crime"
 },
 {
  "w": "escape",
  "uk": "/ɪˈskeɪp/",
  "us": "/ɪˈskeɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逃跑；逃脱",
    "en": "to get away from confinement or a dangerous situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "避开；免遭",
    "en": "to avoid something unpleasant or harmful"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "逃脱；解脱",
    "en": "the act of getting free from danger or unpleasant conditions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our rabbit escaped through a small gap in the fence.",
    "zh": "我们的兔子从围栏的一处小缝隙逃走了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accessible parks offer urban residents an escape from crowded streets and opportunities to enjoy nature.",
    "zh": "便利可达的公园让城市居民得以远离拥挤的街道，并有机会亲近自然。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "escape from danger｜脱离危险",
   "narrow escape｜侥幸脱险",
   "escape injury｜幸免受伤",
   "escape route｜逃生路线"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "escaped (adj.)",
   "escapee (n.)",
   "inescapable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "get away"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "逃离某处用escape from；免遭某事可直接接名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "escape"
 },
 {
  "w": "intermediate",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntəˈmiːdiət/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntərˈmiːdiət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "中级的；中间的",
    "en": "Between basic and advanced levels, or between two stages."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "中级学习者",
    "en": "A learner whose skills are between beginner and advanced levels."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This swimming class is suitable for intermediate learners.",
    "zh": "这门游泳课适合中级学员。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Intermediate language courses should balance grammar instruction with opportunities for meaningful communication outside the classroom.",
    "zh": "中级语言课程应兼顾语法教学与课堂外有实际意义的交流机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "intermediate level｜中级水平",
   "an intermediate course｜中级课程",
   "an intermediate stage｜中间阶段"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "mid-level"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指介于beginner与advanced之间的水平。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intermediate"
 },
 {
  "w": "raw",
  "uk": "/rɔː/",
  "us": "/rɔː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "生的；未煮熟的",
    "en": "not cooked"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "未加工的；未经处理的",
    "en": "in its original state before processing or analysis"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "擦痛的；红肿疼痛的",
    "en": "sore because the skin is damaged or irritated"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I prefer raw carrots because they are so crunchy.",
    "zh": "我更喜欢生胡萝卜，因为吃起来很脆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Countries that export mainly raw materials may be vulnerable to sudden changes in global commodity prices.",
    "zh": "主要出口原材料的国家可能容易受到全球大宗商品价格骤变的冲击。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "raw vegetables｜生蔬菜",
   "raw materials｜原材料",
   "raw data｜原始数据",
   "raw talent｜未经雕琢的天赋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rawness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "uncooked",
   "unprocessed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cooked",
   "processed"
  ],
  "tip": "raw强调未烹煮或未加工，不等于“新鲜的”fresh。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "raw"
 },
 {
  "w": "fur",
  "uk": "/fɜː/",
  "us": "/fɜːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "兽毛；软毛",
    "en": "the thick soft hair covering some animals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "毛皮；裘皮",
    "en": "animal skin with hair attached, used for making clothing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cat's wet fur dried quickly in the sunshine.",
    "zh": "猫湿漉漉的毛在阳光下很快就干了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Thick fur helps many mammals survive in cold climates by trapping a layer of warm air.",
    "zh": "浓密的毛通过留住一层暖空气，帮助许多哺乳动物在寒冷气候中生存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thick fur｜浓密的毛",
   "soft fur｜柔软的毛",
   "faux fur｜人造毛皮",
   "fur coat｜裘皮大衣"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "furry (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指动物身上的毛通常不可数；羽毛用feather。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fur"
 },
 {
  "w": "permit",
  "uk": "/pəˈmɪt/",
  "us": "/pɚˈmɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "允许；准许",
    "en": "to officially allow someone to do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "许可证；通行证",
    "en": "an official document allowing a particular activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使成为可能",
    "en": "to make an action or situation possible"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum permits visitors to take photos without flash.",
    "zh": "这家博物馆允许游客在不开闪光灯的情况下拍照。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should permit new housing developments only when adequate transport and healthcare services are available.",
    "zh": "地方政府只有在交通和医疗服务充足时，才应批准新的住宅开发项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "permit someone to do something｜允许某人做某事",
   "work permit｜工作许可",
   "building permit｜建筑许可证",
   "weather permitting｜天气允许的话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "permission (n.)",
   "permitted (v.)",
   "permissible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "allow",
   "authorize"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "forbid",
   "prohibit"
  ],
  "tip": "动词重音在后，名词在前；permit sb to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "permit"
 },
 {
  "w": "subtract",
  "uk": "/səbˈtrækt/",
  "us": "/səbˈtrækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "减去；扣除",
    "en": "to take one number or amount away from another"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Subtract the delivery charge to find the original price.",
    "zh": "减去运费，就能算出原价。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers subtract production costs from total revenue to calculate the profit generated by each farming method.",
    "zh": "研究人员从总收入中减去生产成本，计算每种耕作方式带来的利润。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "subtract from｜从……中减去",
   "subtract the cost｜扣除费用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "subtraction (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deduct"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "add"
  ],
  "tip": "subtract A from B 表示用B减去A。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "subtract"
 },
 {
  "w": "suitable",
  "uk": "/ˈsuːtəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈsuːtəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "合适的；适宜的",
    "en": "right for a particular person, purpose, or situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These walking shoes are suitable for muddy forest paths.",
    "zh": "这双步行鞋适合走泥泞的林间小路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities should provide suitable housing for older residents, with easy access to healthcare and public transport.",
    "zh": "城市应为老年居民提供合适的住房，方便他们就医和乘坐公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "suitable for children｜适合儿童的",
   "suitable accommodation｜合适的住处",
   "a suitable candidate｜合适的候选人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suit (v.)",
   "suitability (n.)",
   "unsuitable (adj.)",
   "suitably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "appropriate",
   "fitting"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unsuitable",
   "inappropriate"
  ],
  "tip": "常用suitable for sb/sth或suitable to do sth。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suitable"
 },
 {
  "w": "jungle",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒʌŋɡəl/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒʌŋɡəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "热带丛林",
    "en": "A tropical forest with thick, closely growing plants and trees"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "竞争残酷的环境",
    "en": "A confusing or dangerous situation involving fierce competition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Thick vines hung above the narrow jungle path.",
    "zh": "茂密的藤蔓垂在狭窄的丛林小路上方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clearing jungle for agriculture destroys wildlife habitats and can reduce biodiversity across an entire region.",
    "zh": "清除热带丛林以开辟农田会破坏野生动物栖息地，并可能降低整个地区的生物多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dense jungle｜茂密的丛林",
   "jungle canopy｜丛林树冠层",
   "urban jungle｜都市丛林"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指热带的茂密丛林；forest泛指森林。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jungle"
 },
 {
  "w": "hop",
  "uk": "/hɒp/",
  "us": "/hɑːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "单脚跳；蹦跳",
    "en": "To jump on one foot or make small jumps."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "单脚跳；短距离跳跃",
    "en": "A small jump, especially one made on one foot."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "迅速登上或下车",
    "en": "To get on or off a vehicle quickly and easily."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The little bird hopped across the wet garden path.",
    "zh": "那只小鸟蹦跳着穿过湿漉漉的花园小径。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Activities that encourage children to hop and balance can support physical development in early education.",
    "zh": "在早期教育中，鼓励儿童单脚跳和平衡身体的活动有助于身体发育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hop on one foot｜单脚跳",
   "hop on a bus｜迅速上公交车",
   "hop off｜迅速下车",
   "a short hop｜短途行程"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "jump",
   "bounce"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式hopped，进行式hopping，需双写p。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hop"
 },
 {
  "w": "ambulance",
  "uk": "/ˈæmbjələns/",
  "us": "/ˈæmbjələns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "救护车",
    "en": "A vehicle that transports sick or injured people for medical care."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An ambulance arrived quickly and took him to hospital.",
    "zh": "救护车很快赶到，把他送去了医院。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving ambulance access in remote communities can reduce delays in treatment and increase patients' chances of recovery.",
    "zh": "改善偏远社区的救护车服务可以减少治疗延误，提高患者康复的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "call an ambulance｜叫救护车",
   "ambulance service｜救护车服务",
   "ambulance crew｜救护车急救人员"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "以元音音素开头，前用an；叫救护车用call an ambulance。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ambulance"
 },
 {
  "w": "confirm",
  "uk": "/kənˈfɜːm/",
  "us": "/kənˈfɝːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "证实；确认属实",
    "en": "To establish that something is true or correct."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "确认安排；正式批准",
    "en": "To make an arrangement certain or give it official approval."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please call the hotel to confirm our booking today.",
    "zh": "请今天给酒店打电话，确认我们的预订。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Further research is needed to confirm whether smaller classes consistently improve learning outcomes in primary schools.",
    "zh": "还需要进一步研究，以证实小学小班教学是否能持续改善学习效果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "confirm a booking｜确认预订",
   "confirm that｜证实……",
   "confirm a diagnosis｜确诊",
   "confirm receipt｜确认收到"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "confirmation (n.)",
   "confirmed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "verify",
   "substantiate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "refute"
  ],
  "tip": "可接名词或that从句；不要用confirm to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "confirm"
 },
 {
  "w": "volcano",
  "uk": "/vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/",
  "us": "/vɑːlˈkeɪnoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "火山",
    "en": "A mountain with an opening that releases lava, ash, and gases"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched steam rising from the volcano across the lake.",
    "zh": "我们望着湖对岸的火山，看蒸汽从山中升起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although an active volcano can threaten nearby communities, volcanic soils often provide valuable land for agriculture.",
    "zh": "虽然活火山会威胁附近社区，但火山土壤往往能为农业提供宝贵的土地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "active volcano｜活火山",
   "dormant volcano｜休眠火山",
   "extinct volcano｜死火山",
   "a volcano erupts｜火山喷发"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "volcanic (adj.)",
   "volcanology (n.)",
   "volcanologist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数volcanoes或volcanos均可；喷发用erupt。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "volcano"
 },
 {
  "w": "pin",
  "uk": "/pɪn/",
  "us": "/pɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大头针；别针",
    "en": "a small pointed metal object used to hold things together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用针别住；钉住",
    "en": "to fasten something with a pin or similar object"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "按住；使不能动",
    "en": "to hold someone or something firmly so movement is impossible"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She used a pin to hold the fabric together.",
    "zh": "她用一枚大头针把布料固定在一起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can pin students' artwork to classroom walls to celebrate creativity and encourage participation.",
    "zh": "教师可以把学生的美术作品钉在教室墙上，以肯定创造力并鼓励参与。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "safety pin｜安全别针",
   "drawing pin｜图钉",
   "pin something to｜把某物钉在……上",
   "pin down｜按住；明确确定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pinned (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pin作动词时，过去式pinned，进行式pinning。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pin"
 },
 {
  "w": "shared",
  "uk": "/ʃeəd/",
  "us": "/ʃerd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "共用的；共同的",
    "en": "Used, owned, or experienced by more than one person"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分享；共用（过去式）",
    "en": "Gave others part of something or used something together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our shared kitchen gets busy around dinner time.",
    "zh": "我们的共用厨房一到晚饭时间就很忙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shared responsibility for household tasks can reduce stress and improve relationships between family members.",
    "zh": "共同承担家务可以减轻压力，改善家庭成员之间的关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shared accommodation｜合住住所",
   "shared responsibility｜共同责任",
   "shared interests｜共同兴趣",
   "shared resources｜共享资源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "share (v.)",
   "share (n.)",
   "sharing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "joint",
   "communal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "private"
  ],
  "tip": "既可作形容词，也可作share的过去式或过去分词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shared"
 },
 {
  "w": "originally",
  "uk": "/əˈrɪdʒənəli/",
  "us": "/əˈrɪdʒənəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "起初；原先",
    "en": "at first, before later changes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "原本来自",
    "en": "in relation to where someone or something first came from"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This café was originally a small shop selling flowers.",
    "zh": "这家咖啡馆原先是一间卖花的小店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many buildings originally designed as factories have been converted into housing to meet growing urban demand.",
    "zh": "许多最初设计为工厂的建筑已被改建为住宅，以满足不断增长的城市需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "originally planned｜原先计划的",
   "originally intended for｜原本用于",
   "originally from｜原本来自"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "origin (n.)",
   "original (adj.)",
   "originality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "initially",
   "at first"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示最初情况，常暗示后来有变化；不等于currently。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "originally"
 },
 {
  "w": "judge",
  "uk": "/dʒʌdʒ/",
  "us": "/dʒʌdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "判断；评价",
    "en": "To form an opinion after considering someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "法官",
    "en": "An official who oversees court proceedings and makes legal decisions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "裁判；评委",
    "en": "Someone who assesses performances or decides the winner of a competition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Don't judge the soup until you have tasted it.",
    "zh": "先尝尝这汤，再评价它。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should judge students on a range of abilities rather than relying entirely on examination results.",
    "zh": "学校应根据学生的多方面能力作出评价，而不是完全依赖考试成绩。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "judge by appearances｜以貌取人",
   "judge fairly｜公正评判",
   "a panel of judges｜评审团",
   "a court judge｜法院法官"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "judgement (n.)",
   "judgment (n.)",
   "judicial (adj.)",
   "judgemental (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assess",
   "evaluate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "judge A by B表示依据B判断A。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "judge"
 },
 {
  "w": "duty",
  "uk": "/ˈdjuːti/",
  "us": "/ˈduːti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "责任；义务",
    "en": "something you should do because it is right or required"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工作职责；值勤",
    "en": "work required by a job or a period of service"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "关税；税",
    "en": "a tax charged on certain goods"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It is my duty to keep these animals safe.",
    "zh": "保护这些动物的安全是我的责任。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments have a duty to protect vulnerable citizens while ensuring that public services remain financially sustainable.",
    "zh": "政府有责任保护弱势公民，同时确保公共服务在财政上可持续。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sense of duty｜责任感",
   "on duty｜值班",
   "import duty｜进口关税",
   "carry out duties｜履行职责"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dutiful (adj.)",
   "dutifully (adv.)",
   "duty-free (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "responsibility",
   "obligation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on duty指值班；具体岗位职责常用复数duties。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "duty"
 },
 {
  "w": "application",
  "uk": "/ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "申请；申请书",
    "en": "a formal request for a job, place, or permission"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "应用；运用",
    "en": "the practical use of knowledge, skills, or methods"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "应用程序",
    "en": "a computer program designed to perform particular tasks"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I sent my job application before breakfast this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早饭前，我提交了求职申请。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Simplifying the application process could encourage more students from disadvantaged backgrounds to apply for university scholarships.",
    "zh": "简化申请流程可能鼓励更多来自弱势家庭的学生申请大学奖学金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "submit an application｜提交申请",
   "application form｜申请表",
   "practical application｜实际应用",
   "software application｜软件应用程序"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "apply (v.)",
   "applicant (n.)",
   "applicable (adj.)",
   "applied (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "申请某物用application for，向机构申请用to。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "application"
 },
 {
  "w": "sunscreen",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌnskriːn/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌnskriːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "防晒霜；防晒用品",
    "en": "A substance applied to skin to protect it from sunlight."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please put on sunscreen before we leave for the beach.",
    "zh": "我们去海滩前，请先涂好防晒霜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using sunscreen alongside protective clothing can reduce skin damage caused by prolonged exposure to sunlight.",
    "zh": "使用防晒霜并穿着防护衣物，可以减少长时间日晒造成的皮肤损伤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apply sunscreen｜涂防晒霜",
   "reapply sunscreen｜补涂防晒霜",
   "water-resistant sunscreen｜防水防晒霜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "suncream"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；涂防晒霜用apply或put on。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sunscreen"
 },
 {
  "w": "carbon",
  "uk": "/ˈkɑːbən/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːrbən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "碳",
    "en": "A chemical element present in all living things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Diamonds and the graphite in pencils both contain carbon.",
    "zh": "钻石和铅笔里的石墨都含有碳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting forests helps store carbon and reduces the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.",
    "zh": "保护森林有助于储存碳，并减少释放到大气中的二氧化碳。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "carbon dioxide｜二氧化碳",
   "carbon emissions｜碳排放",
   "carbon footprint｜碳足迹",
   "carbon neutral｜碳中和的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "carbonise (v.)",
   "carbonisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "carbon是碳元素；carbon dioxide才是二氧化碳。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "carbon"
 },
 {
  "w": "honestly",
  "uk": "/ˈɒnɪstli/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːnɪstli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "诚实地；坦诚地",
    "en": "In a truthful way, without lying or cheating."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "说实话；确实",
    "en": "Used to emphasize sincerity or introduce a frank opinion."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please answer honestly: did you enjoy the soup?",
    "zh": "请坦白回答：你喜欢这道汤吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies that communicate honestly about environmental challenges are more likely to earn lasting public trust.",
    "zh": "坦诚说明环境挑战的企业更有可能赢得公众的长期信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "answer honestly｜如实回答",
   "honestly believe｜真心相信",
   "speak honestly｜坦诚地说"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "honest (adj.)",
   "honesty (n.)",
   "dishonest (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "truthfully",
   "sincerely"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dishonestly"
  ],
  "tip": "honestly重在诚实；表示公正通常用fairly。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "honestly"
 },
 {
  "w": "childhood",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "童年；幼年时期",
    "en": "the period of life when someone is a child"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My happiest childhood memories involve baking with my grandmother.",
    "zh": "我最快乐的童年记忆都与和祖母一起烘焙有关。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to safe outdoor spaces during childhood can support physical development and emotional wellbeing.",
    "zh": "童年时期能够使用安全的户外空间，有助于身体发育和心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "early childhood｜幼儿时期",
   "childhood memories｜童年回忆",
   "a happy childhood｜快乐的童年"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "child (n.)",
   "childish (adj.)",
   "childlike (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "adulthood"
  ],
  "tip": "during childhood泛指童年；in my childhood指我的童年。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "childhood"
 },
 {
  "w": "complicated",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmplɪkeɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "复杂的；难懂的",
    "en": "Having many connected parts and therefore difficult to understand or manage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This recipe is too complicated for a quick lunch.",
    "zh": "这道菜的做法太复杂，不适合赶时间做午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Complicated application procedures may discourage eligible students from seeking financial support for their university studies.",
    "zh": "复杂的申请程序可能使符合条件的学生不愿申请大学学业资助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complicated procedure｜复杂的程序",
   "complicated relationship｜复杂的关系",
   "highly complicated｜极其复杂的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "complicate (v.)",
   "complication (n.)",
   "uncomplicated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "complex",
   "intricate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "simple",
   "straightforward"
  ],
  "tip": "强调复杂难懂；complex也可仅指结构复杂。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "complicated"
 },
 {
  "w": "thumb",
  "uk": "/θʌm/",
  "us": "/θʌm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拇指",
    "en": "The short, thick finger on the side of your hand."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "快速翻阅",
    "en": "To turn pages quickly without reading everything carefully."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I accidentally hit my thumb while hanging a picture.",
    "zh": "挂画时，我不小心砸到了拇指。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many readers thumb through printed magazines before deciding which articles deserve their full attention.",
    "zh": "许多读者会先快速翻阅纸质杂志，再决定仔细阅读哪些文章。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thumb through｜快速翻阅",
   "a thumbs-up｜竖拇指赞许",
   "a rule of thumb｜经验法则"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thumbnail (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "b不发音；thumb through表示快速翻阅。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thumb"
 },
 {
  "w": "client",
  "uk": "/ˈklaɪənt/",
  "us": "/ˈklaɪənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "客户；委托人",
    "en": "someone who pays for professional services"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "客户端",
    "en": "a computer or program using services from a server"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The designer showed her client three possible kitchen layouts.",
    "zh": "设计师向客户展示了三种可选的厨房布局。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Maintaining clear communication with each client helps businesses build trust and establish lasting professional relationships.",
    "zh": "与每位客户保持清晰的沟通有助于企业建立信任，并形成持久的业务关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "potential client｜潜在客户",
   "client needs｜客户需求",
   "client base｜客户群",
   "client confidentiality｜客户信息保密"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "customer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "client常购买专业服务；customer泛指购买商品或服务的人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "client"
 },
 {
  "w": "lane",
  "uk": "/leɪn/",
  "us": "/leɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "车道",
    "en": "a strip of road for one line of vehicles"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小巷；乡间小路",
    "en": "a narrow road, especially in the countryside"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "泳道；跑道",
    "en": "a marked strip for one swimmer or runner"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our bus moved into the lane beside the pavement.",
    "zh": "我们乘坐的公交车驶入了靠近人行道的车道。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Dedicated cycle lanes can improve road safety and encourage more residents to travel by bicycle.",
    "zh": "专用自行车道可以改善道路安全，并鼓励更多居民骑自行车出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cycle lane｜自行车道",
   "bus lane｜公交专用道",
   "change lanes｜变换车道",
   "country lane｜乡间小路"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lane指一条车道；整条道路通常用road。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lane"
 },
 {
  "w": "aloud",
  "uk": "/əˈlaʊd/",
  "us": "/əˈlaʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "出声地",
    "en": "With an audible voice rather than silently."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please read the recipe aloud while I mix.",
    "zh": "我搅拌的时候，请把食谱读出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reading stories aloud can help young children develop vocabulary and strengthen their understanding of spoken language.",
    "zh": "大声朗读故事可以帮助幼儿积累词汇，并增强他们对口语的理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "read aloud｜朗读",
   "think aloud｜把想法说出来",
   "say aloud｜出声说"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "out loud"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "silently"
  ],
  "tip": "aloud强调发出声音，不一定像loudly那样响亮。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aloud"
 },
 {
  "w": "thermometer",
  "uk": "/θəˈmɒmɪtə/",
  "us": "/θərˈmɑːmɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "温度计；体温计",
    "en": "An instrument used to measure temperature."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She placed the thermometer gently under her son's tongue.",
    "zh": "她轻轻地把体温计放在儿子的舌下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accurate thermometers help researchers monitor temperature changes in natural habitats affected by global warming.",
    "zh": "精确的温度计帮助研究人员监测受全球变暖影响的自然栖息地的温度变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "digital thermometer｜电子温度计",
   "clinical thermometer｜体温计",
   "read a thermometer｜读取温度计示数"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "重音在第二音节；测体温常用take someone's temperature。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thermometer"
 },
 {
  "w": "laundry",
  "uk": "/ˈlɔːndri/",
  "us": "/ˈlɔːndri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "待洗或洗好的衣物",
    "en": "Clothes and other fabrics waiting to be washed or freshly washed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洗衣；洗衣房",
    "en": "The activity of washing clothes, or a place providing this service."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please put your dirty laundry in the basket.",
    "zh": "请把脏衣服放进篮子里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shared laundry facilities can reduce water consumption and save space in modern apartment buildings.",
    "zh": "共用洗衣设施可以减少用水量，并节省现代公寓楼的空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "do the laundry｜洗衣服",
   "dirty laundry｜脏衣物",
   "a laundry basket｜洗衣篮",
   "laundry facilities｜洗衣设施"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "launder (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示衣物或洗衣这件事时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "laundry"
 },
 {
  "w": "worm",
  "uk": "/wɜːm/",
  "us": "/wɝːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蠕虫；蚯蚓",
    "en": "a small animal with a long, soft body and no legs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计算机蠕虫",
    "en": "a harmful computer program that copies itself across networks"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A worm wriggled out of the wet garden soil.",
    "zh": "一条蚯蚓从花园湿润的泥土里蠕动着钻了出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Worms improve soil quality by breaking down organic matter and allowing air to circulate underground.",
    "zh": "蚯蚓通过分解有机物并使空气在地下流通来改善土壤质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "earthworms and other worms｜蚯蚓及其他蠕虫",
   "computer worm｜计算机蠕虫",
   "a can of worms｜一堆棘手问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wormlike (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "worm泛指蠕虫，earthworm特指蚯蚓。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "worm"
 },
 {
  "w": "drunk",
  "uk": "/drʌŋk/",
  "us": "/drʌŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "醉酒的",
    "en": "Unable to think or act normally after drinking alcohol"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "陶醉的；忘乎所以的",
    "en": "So excited by something that sensible judgment is lost"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "醉汉；酗酒者",
    "en": "Someone who is drunk or frequently drinks too much alcohol"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He was too drunk to walk home safely.",
    "zh": "他醉得无法安全步行回家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public awareness campaigns can help reduce accidents caused by drunk drivers, especially among younger adults.",
    "zh": "公众宣传活动有助于减少酒驾造成的事故，尤其是在年轻成年人中。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get drunk｜喝醉",
   "drunk driving｜酒后驾车",
   "drunk with power｜因权力而忘乎所以"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drink (v.)",
   "drunken (adj.)",
   "drunkenness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "intoxicated"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sober"
  ],
  "tip": "drunk通常作表语；修饰名词也常用drunken。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drunk"
 },
 {
  "w": "brother-in-law",
  "uk": "/ˈbrʌðər ɪn lɔː/",
  "us": "/ˈbrʌðər ɪn lɔː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "姐夫；妹夫；配偶的兄弟",
    "en": "your spouse's brother, or your sibling's or spouse's sibling's husband"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother-in-law helped my sister carry their new sofa upstairs.",
    "zh": "我姐夫帮姐姐把他们的新沙发搬上了楼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sharing childcare with relatives, such as a brother-in-law, can help working parents manage their daily responsibilities.",
    "zh": "与姐夫等亲属分担育儿工作，可以帮助在职父母应对日常责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "my brother-in-law｜我的姻亲兄弟",
   "a future brother-in-law｜未来的姻亲兄弟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sister-in-law (n.)",
   "father-in-law (n.)",
   "mother-in-law (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数是brothers-in-law；不指堂兄弟或表兄弟。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brother-in-law"
 },
 {
  "w": "miserable",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪzərəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪzərəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "痛苦的；难过的",
    "en": "Very unhappy or uncomfortable"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "悲惨的；令人难受的",
    "en": "Extremely unpleasant or of very poor quality"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt miserable when rain ruined our picnic plans.",
    "zh": "大雨毁了我们的野餐计划，让我很难过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Overcrowded housing can create miserable living conditions and negatively affect residents' physical and mental health.",
    "zh": "住房过度拥挤会造成恶劣的生活条件，并损害居民的身心健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel miserable｜感到难过",
   "miserable weather｜令人难受的天气",
   "miserable conditions｜恶劣的条件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "misery (n.)",
   "miserably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unhappy",
   "wretched"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "happy",
   "cheerful"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容人的心情，也可形容天气或生活条件。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "miserable"
 },
 {
  "w": "shame",
  "uk": "/ʃeɪm/",
  "us": "/ʃeɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "羞愧；耻辱",
    "en": "A painful feeling caused by doing something wrong or embarrassing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "遗憾的事",
    "en": "Something that causes disappointment or regret."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使羞愧；使蒙羞",
    "en": "To make someone feel guilty or embarrassed about their behaviour."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He felt shame after lying to his closest friend.",
    "zh": "对最亲近的朋友撒谎后，他感到羞愧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should address bullying without creating a culture of shame that prevents pupils from seeking help.",
    "zh": "学校应处理欺凌问题，同时避免形成让学生因羞耻而不敢求助的氛围。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel shame｜感到羞愧",
   "a sense of shame｜羞耻感",
   "a real shame｜真遗憾",
   "shame someone into doing something｜使某人因羞愧而做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ashamed (adj.)",
   "shameful (adj.)",
   "shameless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "羞愧义通常不可数；It's a shame表示真遗憾。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shame"
 },
 {
  "w": "willing",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "愿意的；乐意的",
    "en": "ready and happy to do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "积极肯干的",
    "en": "eager to help or work without needing persuasion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'm willing to help you move this weekend.",
    "zh": "我愿意这周末帮你搬家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers may be more willing to buy sustainable products if prices remain affordable and information is clear.",
    "zh": "如果价格仍可负担且信息清晰，消费者可能更愿意购买可持续产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be willing to do something｜愿意做某事",
   "a willing volunteer｜热心的志愿者",
   "a willing helper｜乐于帮忙的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "willingness (n.)",
   "willingly (adv.)",
   "unwilling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ready",
   "prepared"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unwilling",
   "reluctant"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be willing to do，表示愿意，不等于将要。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "willing"
 },
 {
  "w": "nightlife",
  "uk": "/ˈnaɪtlaɪf/",
  "us": "/ˈnaɪtlaɪf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "夜生活；夜间娱乐",
    "en": "Entertainment and social activities available in a place at night"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We enjoyed the city's nightlife after dinner by the river.",
    "zh": "在河边吃过晚饭后，我们体验了这座城市的夜生活。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A vibrant nightlife can attract tourists and create jobs, but noise may disturb local residents.",
    "zh": "丰富的夜生活可以吸引游客并创造就业机会，但噪声可能扰民。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vibrant nightlife｜充满活力的夜生活",
   "enjoy the nightlife｜享受夜生活",
   "nightlife scene｜夜间娱乐场景"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nightlife通常不可数，指夜间社交娱乐活动。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nightlife"
 },
 {
  "w": "icy",
  "uk": "/ˈaɪsi/",
  "us": "/ˈaɪsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "结冰的；覆冰的",
    "en": "Covered with ice."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冰冷的",
    "en": "Extremely cold."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冷漠的；不友好的",
    "en": "Showing no warmth or friendliness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked slowly along the icy path this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早晨，我们沿着结冰的小路慢慢走。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should treat icy roads promptly to reduce accidents and maintain reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "地方政府应及时处理结冰路面，以减少事故并保障公共交通可靠运行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "icy roads｜结冰的道路",
   "icy water｜冰冷的水",
   "an icy stare｜冷冰冰的凝视"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ice (n.)",
   "icily (adv.)",
   "iciness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "frozen",
   "freezing",
   "unfriendly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "icy既可指覆冰或极冷，也可形容态度冷漠。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "icy"
 },
 {
  "w": "layer",
  "uk": "/ˈleɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈleɪər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "层；层次",
    "en": "an amount of material covering a surface or another amount"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分层放置",
    "en": "to arrange things in sheets or levels over each other"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A thin layer of dust covered the shelf.",
    "zh": "架子上覆盖着薄薄的一层灰尘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Adding an extra layer of insulation can significantly reduce energy consumption in older homes.",
    "zh": "增加一层保温材料可以显著降低老旧住宅的能源消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a thin layer｜薄薄的一层",
   "a layer of dust｜一层灰尘",
   "protective layer｜保护层",
   "outer layer｜外层"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "layered (adj.)",
   "layering (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“一层某物”用a layer of；layer也可作动词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "layer"
 },
 {
  "w": "costume",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒstjuːm/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːstuːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "戏服；装扮服装",
    "en": "clothes worn to look like a particular character or creature"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "民族服装；时代服饰",
    "en": "clothing typical of a particular country, culture, or historical period"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Lena wore a butterfly costume in the school play.",
    "zh": "莉娜在学校话剧里穿了一套蝴蝶戏服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional costume can express cultural identity and help younger generations understand the history of their communities.",
    "zh": "传统服饰能够表达文化认同，并帮助年轻一代理解自己社区的历史。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "traditional costume｜传统服饰",
   "a costume designer｜戏服设计师",
   "a costume party｜化装舞会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "costumed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指特定角色或文化的服装，不泛指日常衣服。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "costume"
 },
 {
  "w": "rare",
  "uk": "/reə/",
  "us": "/rer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "稀有的；罕见的",
    "en": "not common or not happening often"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "肉煎得嫩生的",
    "en": "cooked briefly so the inside remains red"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spotted a rare bird beside the lake yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们在湖边发现了一只罕见的鸟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting rare species requires long-term investment in habitat restoration and effective controls on illegal trade.",
    "zh": "保护稀有物种需要长期投资于栖息地修复，并有效管制非法贸易。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rare species｜稀有物种",
   "rare opportunity｜难得的机会",
   "rare steak｜嫩生的牛排"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rarely (adv.)",
   "rarity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "uncommon",
   "scarce"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "common",
   "frequent"
  ],
  "tip": "rare形容肉时指内部仍红，熟度低于medium。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rare"
 },
 {
  "w": "dough",
  "uk": "/dəʊ/",
  "us": "/doʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "面团",
    "en": "A thick mixture of flour and liquid used for baking."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钱（非正式）",
    "en": "Money, in informal speech."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Mina kneaded the dough on a flour-covered kitchen table.",
    "zh": "米娜在撒了面粉的厨房桌子上揉面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Allowing dough to rise slowly can improve bread quality without the need for artificial additives.",
    "zh": "让面团缓慢发酵，无须使用人工添加剂也能改善面包品质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "knead dough｜揉面",
   "roll out dough｜擀开面团",
   "bread dough｜面包面团",
   "let the dough rise｜让面团发酵膨胀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "doughy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；稀的面糊通常叫batter。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dough"
 },
 {
  "w": "porter",
  "uk": "/ˈpɔːtə/",
  "us": "/ˈpɔːrtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行李搬运工",
    "en": "Someone employed to carry luggage at hotels or stations."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "门房；门卫",
    "en": "Someone who controls entry to a building."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The porter carried our heavy suitcases to the lift.",
    "zh": "行李搬运工把我们沉重的行李箱搬到了电梯旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hotels can improve accessibility by training each porter to assist guests with limited mobility.",
    "zh": "酒店可以培训每位行李搬运工协助行动不便的客人，从而改善无障碍服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hotel porter｜酒店行李搬运工",
   "luggage porter｜行李搬运工",
   "night porter｜夜班门房"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不是泛指服务员；通常指搬行李者或门房。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "porter"
 },
 {
  "w": "lack",
  "uk": "/læk/",
  "us": "/læk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缺乏；不足",
    "en": "The absence of something or not having enough of it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缺少；没有",
    "en": "Not have something necessary or enough of it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A lack of sleep made me tired all morning.",
    "zh": "睡眠不足让我整个上午都很疲惫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many rural schools lack the resources needed to provide students with practical science lessons.",
    "zh": "许多乡村学校缺少为学生开设科学实践课所需的资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a lack of resources｜资源短缺",
   "lack confidence｜缺乏信心",
   "for lack of funding｜因缺少资金",
   "a lack of sleep｜睡眠不足"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lacking (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shortage"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "abundance"
  ],
  "tip": "名词用a lack of；动词直接接宾语，不加of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lack"
 },
 {
  "w": "failure",
  "uk": "/ˈfeɪljə/",
  "us": "/ˈfeɪljər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "失败；失败的事物",
    "en": "a lack of success, or something that does not succeed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "故障；衰竭",
    "en": "a situation in which a machine or organ stops working"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "未做；未履行",
    "en": "not doing something that is expected or required"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Despite her first failure, she tried baking bread again.",
    "zh": "尽管第一次失败了，她还是再次尝试烤面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should treat failure as an opportunity for learning rather than as evidence of a student's limited ability.",
    "zh": "学校应将失败视为学习的机会，而不是学生能力有限的证明。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "end in failure｜以失败告终",
   "power failure｜停电",
   "heart failure｜心力衰竭",
   "failure to comply｜未遵守"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fail (v.)",
   "failed (adj.)",
   "failing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "success"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指失败通常不可数；a failure可指失败的事物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "failure"
 },
 {
  "w": "deaf",
  "uk": "/def/",
  "us": "/def/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "聋的；听力严重受损的",
    "en": "Unable to hear, or able to hear very little."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My deaf cousin taught me some useful everyday signs.",
    "zh": "我失聪的表亲教了我一些实用的日常手语。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing captions and sign language interpretation can make public information more accessible to deaf people.",
    "zh": "提供字幕和手语翻译可以让聋人更方便地获取公共信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deaf people｜聋人",
   "born deaf｜先天失聪",
   "go deaf｜失去听力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deafness (n.)",
   "deafen (v.)",
   "deafening (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "读音同def；大写Deaf可强调聋人文化身份。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deaf"
 },
 {
  "w": "doubt",
  "uk": "/daʊt/",
  "us": "/daʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "怀疑；不确定",
    "en": "A feeling of uncertainty about whether something is true or possible."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "怀疑；认为不大可能",
    "en": "To feel uncertain about something or think it unlikely."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I doubt the shop is still open this late.",
    "zh": "这么晚了，我觉得那家店大概已经关门了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "There is little doubt that access to clean water is essential for improving public health.",
    "zh": "毫无疑问，获得清洁用水对于改善公共卫生至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have doubts about｜对……有疑虑",
   "no doubt｜无疑",
   "cast doubt on｜使人怀疑",
   "beyond doubt｜毫无疑问"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "doubtful (adj.)",
   "doubtless (adv.)",
   "undoubtedly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "uncertainty",
   "question"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "certainty",
   "trust"
  ],
  "tip": "b不发音；I doubt that常表示认为某事不大可能。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "doubt"
 },
 {
  "w": "unwell",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈwel/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈwel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "身体不适的；生病的",
    "en": "feeling ill or not in good health"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt unwell and went home before lunch.",
    "zh": "我感觉身体不适，午饭前就回家了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees who feel unwell should be encouraged to stay home to prevent infections spreading at work.",
    "zh": "应鼓励身体不适的员工居家休息，以防感染在工作场所传播。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel unwell｜感觉不舒服",
   "become unwell｜身体开始不适",
   "slightly unwell｜略感不适"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "well (adj.)",
   "wellness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ill",
   "sick"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "well",
   "healthy"
  ],
  "tip": "常放在feel或be后作表语，不常放在名词前。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unwell"
 },
 {
  "w": "original",
  "uk": "/əˈrɪdʒənəl/",
  "us": "/əˈrɪdʒənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最初的；原来的",
    "en": "existing at the beginning, before any changes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "独创的；新颖的",
    "en": "new and different rather than copied from something else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "原件；原作",
    "en": "the first version from which copies are made"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen still has its original wooden floor.",
    "zh": "厨房仍保留着原来的木地板。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should encourage original thinking rather than reward students only for repeating information from textbooks.",
    "zh": "学校应鼓励独创性思考，而不是只奖励复述课本知识的学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "original plan｜最初的计划",
   "original design｜原创设计",
   "original research｜原创研究",
   "original version｜原始版本"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "originally (adv.)",
   "originality (n.)",
   "origin (n.)",
   "originate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指最初的，也可指原创的；看语境区分。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "original"
 },
 {
  "w": "congratulate",
  "uk": "/kənˈɡrætʃəleɪt/",
  "us": "/kənˈɡrætʃəleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "祝贺；恭喜",
    "en": "Tell someone you are pleased about their success or good fortune."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We called to congratulate Lina on her new job.",
    "zh": "我们打电话祝贺莉娜找到新工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should congratulate students on personal improvement rather than focus exclusively on high examination scores.",
    "zh": "学校应祝贺学生取得个人进步，而不是只关注高考试分数。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "congratulate someone on something｜就某事祝贺某人",
   "congratulate someone warmly｜热烈祝贺某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "congratulation (n.)",
   "congratulatory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用congratulate sb on sth，介词不是for。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "congratulate"
 },
 {
  "w": "dining",
  "uk": "/ˈdaɪnɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈdaɪnɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "用餐；进餐",
    "en": "The activity of eating a meal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We moved the dining table closer to the window.",
    "zh": "我们把餐桌挪到了更靠近窗户的地方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shared dining spaces in student accommodation can encourage social interaction and help newcomers develop a sense of belonging.",
    "zh": "学生宿舍中的公共用餐空间能促进社交互动，帮助新入住者建立归属感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dining room｜餐厅",
   "dining table｜餐桌",
   "fine dining｜精致餐饮",
   "outdoor dining｜户外用餐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dine (v.)",
   "diner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "也是dine的现在分词；dining只有一个n。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dining"
 },
 {
  "w": "gather",
  "uk": "/ˈɡæðə/",
  "us": "/ˈɡæðər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "收集；搜集",
    "en": "to collect things from different places or sources"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "聚集；召集",
    "en": "to come together or bring people together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推断；理解",
    "en": "to understand something from what you hear or observe"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We gathered fallen apples in a basket before lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭前，我们把掉落的苹果收进了篮子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers gather information from local residents to understand how public transport affects access to employment.",
    "zh": "研究人员向当地居民收集信息，以了解公共交通如何影响就业机会的获取。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gather information｜收集信息",
   "gather evidence｜搜集证据",
   "gather together｜聚在一起",
   "gather strength｜积蓄力量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gathering (n.)",
   "gatherer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "collect",
   "assemble"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "scatter"
  ],
  "tip": "I gather that...表示“我听说或推断……”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gather"
 },
 {
  "w": "fortnight",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːtnaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrtnaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "两周；十四天",
    "en": "A period of two weeks."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We're spending a fortnight by the sea this summer.",
    "zh": "今年夏天我们要在海边待两周。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Allowing employees to work remotely for a fortnight could help employers evaluate the benefits of flexible working.",
    "zh": "允许员工远程工作两周，可以帮助雇主评估灵活办公的益处。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fortnight ago｜两周前",
   "in a fortnight｜两周后",
   "once a fortnight｜每两周一次"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fortnightly (adj.)",
   "fortnightly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "two weeks"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要用于英式英语；美式通常说two weeks。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fortnight"
 },
 {
  "w": "whatever",
  "uk": "/wɒtˈevə/",
  "us": "/wʌtˈevər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "无论什么；任何事物",
    "en": "anything that; no matter what"
   },
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "无论哪种；任何的",
    "en": "any kind of something, without restriction"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can choose whatever you like for dinner tonight.",
    "zh": "今晚晚餐你想吃什么都可以选。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Whatever their background, students should have equal access to high-quality education and appropriate learning support.",
    "zh": "无论背景如何，学生都应平等地获得优质教育和适当的学习支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "whatever happens｜无论发生什么",
   "whatever the reason｜无论原因是什么",
   "whatever you like｜任何你喜欢的东西"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "whatever不限范围；whichever常指限定范围内任选。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "whatever"
 },
 {
  "w": "relative",
  "uk": "/ˈrelətɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈrelətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "亲戚；亲属",
    "en": "A person connected to you by blood or marriage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相对的；比较而言的",
    "en": "Judged by comparison rather than by a fixed standard."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A relative brought us homemade bread during the holidays.",
    "zh": "假期里，一位亲戚给我们带来了自制面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The relative cost of public transport influences whether residents choose buses over private cars.",
    "zh": "公共交通的相对费用会影响居民是否选择公交车而非私家车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a close relative｜近亲",
   "a distant relative｜远亲",
   "relative importance｜相对重要性",
   "relative to｜相对于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "relatively (adv.)",
   "related (adj.)",
   "relation (n.)",
   "relationship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词指亲属；作形容词常与to连用表示比较。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "relative"
 },
 {
  "w": "necessarily",
  "uk": "/ˈnesəsərɪli/",
  "us": "/ˌnesəˈserəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "必然地；一定",
    "en": "As an unavoidable result or something that must be true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An expensive coat is not necessarily a warmer one.",
    "zh": "贵的大衣不一定更暖和。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Economic growth does not necessarily improve living standards unless its benefits are shared widely across society.",
    "zh": "经济增长不一定能提高生活水平，除非其成果能由社会各界广泛共享。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "not necessarily｜不一定",
   "necessarily involve｜必然涉及",
   "necessarily imply｜必然意味着"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "necessary (adj.)",
   "necessity (n.)",
   "unnecessary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inevitably"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "not necessarily 意为“不一定”，不是“一定不”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "necessarily"
 },
 {
  "w": "flow",
  "uk": "/fləʊ/",
  "us": "/floʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "流动；流通",
    "en": "To move continuously, like water through a channel."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "流动；流量",
    "en": "Continuous movement, or the amount moving through a place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Rainwater flowed down the path and into the garden.",
    "zh": "雨水沿着小路流进了花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved public transport can ease the flow of traffic and reduce air pollution in crowded cities.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通可以使交通更加顺畅，并减少拥挤城市的空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flow into｜流入",
   "traffic flow｜交通流量",
   "cash flow｜现金流",
   "flow rate｜流量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flowing (adj.)",
   "inflow (n.)",
   "outflow (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stream"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为flowed，不是flew。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flow"
 },
 {
  "w": "trainee",
  "uk": "/ˌtreɪˈniː/",
  "us": "/ˌtreɪˈniː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "受训人员；实习生",
    "en": "Someone learning the skills needed for a particular job."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The trainee watched carefully as the chef chopped vegetables.",
    "zh": "厨师切菜时，那名实习生在一旁仔细观察。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Assigning an experienced mentor to each trainee can improve workplace learning and reduce costly mistakes.",
    "zh": "为每位受训人员安排一名经验丰富的导师，可以改善职场学习效果，减少代价高昂的错误。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "trainee teacher｜实习教师",
   "management trainee｜管理培训生",
   "graduate trainee｜毕业生培训员工"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "train (v.)",
   "trainer (n.)",
   "training (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "apprentice"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "trainee接受培训；trainer负责培训他人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trainee"
 },
 {
  "w": "grab",
  "uk": "/ɡræb/",
  "us": "/ɡræb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抓住；猛地拿取",
    "en": "to take hold of something suddenly or firmly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "匆忙吃喝或获取",
    "en": "to get food, drink, or something else quickly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吸引注意",
    "en": "to attract someone's attention strongly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She grabbed her umbrella and ran towards the bus.",
    "zh": "她抓起雨伞，朝公交车跑去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns often use striking images to grab attention and encourage people to change unhealthy habits.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传常用醒目的图片吸引注意，鼓励人们改变不健康的习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grab someone's attention｜吸引某人的注意",
   "grab a bite｜匆忙吃点东西",
   "grab an opportunity｜抓住机会"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "seize",
   "snatch"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "release"
  ],
  "tip": "grab较口语化；过去式grabbed，分词grabbing。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grab"
 },
 {
  "w": "effective",
  "uk": "/ɪˈfektɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪˈfektɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有效的；起作用的",
    "en": "producing the intended or desired result"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "生效的",
    "en": "officially in force from a particular time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "实际的；事实上的",
    "en": "existing in practice, even if not officially recognised"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This simple stretch is effective at easing shoulder tension.",
    "zh": "这个简单的伸展动作能有效缓解肩部紧绷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective environmental policies should combine clear regulations with financial incentives that encourage businesses to reduce waste.",
    "zh": "有效的环境政策应将明确的法规与鼓励企业减少废弃物的经济激励相结合。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "effective treatment｜有效的治疗",
   "effective in doing something｜在做某事方面有效",
   "highly effective｜非常有效",
   "effective from｜自……起生效"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "effect (n.)",
   "effectively (adv.)",
   "effectiveness (n.)",
   "ineffective (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "successful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ineffective"
  ],
  "tip": "effective强调达到效果；efficient强调省时省力。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "effective"
 },
 {
  "w": "frequently",
  "uk": "/ˈfriːkwəntli/",
  "us": "/ˈfriːkwəntli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "经常；频繁地",
    "en": "Often or many times"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbour frequently brings us vegetables from her garden.",
    "zh": "邻居经常给我们送来她园子里种的蔬菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who frequently use public transport may spend less on travel than those who drive daily.",
    "zh": "经常使用公共交通的人，出行开支可能低于每天开车的人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "frequently asked questions｜常见问题",
   "occur frequently｜频繁发生",
   "frequently used｜经常使用的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "frequent (adj.)",
   "frequency (n.)",
   "infrequently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "often",
   "regularly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rarely",
   "infrequently"
  ],
  "tip": "通常放实义动词前、be动词后，与often近义。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "frequently"
 },
 {
  "w": "realize",
  "uk": "/ˈrɪəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈriːəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "意识到；明白",
    "en": "To become aware of something or understand it clearly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "实现愿望或潜力",
    "en": "To make a hope happen or achieve possible success"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I realized I had left my keys at home.",
    "zh": "我意识到自己把钥匙落在家里了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable training can help young people realize their potential and gain access to more rewarding careers.",
    "zh": "费用可负担的培训能帮助年轻人发挥潜力，获得更有发展前景的工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "realize that｜意识到……",
   "realize a dream｜实现梦想",
   "realize your potential｜发挥你的潜力",
   "fully realize｜充分认识到"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "realization (n.)",
   "realizable (adj.)",
   "unrealized (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也拼作realise；意识到某事可接that从句。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "realize"
 },
 {
  "w": "cheer",
  "uk": "/tʃɪə/",
  "us": "/tʃɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "欢呼；喝彩",
    "en": "shout happily to show approval or encouragement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "欢呼声；喝彩声",
    "en": "a loud shout expressing happiness, approval, or encouragement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使振奋；使高兴",
    "en": "make someone feel happier or more hopeful"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cheered as our neighbour crossed the finish line.",
    "zh": "邻居冲过终点线时，我们欢呼起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When spectators cheer for every participant, community sporting events can foster a stronger sense of belonging.",
    "zh": "当观众为每位参与者喝彩时，社区体育活动能培养更强的归属感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cheer someone on｜为某人加油",
   "cheer someone up｜使某人振作",
   "a loud cheer｜响亮的欢呼声",
   "cheer for a team｜为球队喝彩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cheerful (adj.)",
   "cheerfully (adv.)",
   "cheerfulness (n.)",
   "cheerless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "applaud",
   "encourage"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "boo"
  ],
  "tip": "cheer on指加油助威；cheer up指振作或使高兴。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cheer"
 },
 {
  "w": "nowadays",
  "uk": "/ˈnaʊədeɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈnaʊədeɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "如今；现今",
    "en": "At the present time, especially compared with the past."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Nowadays, I usually pay for groceries with my phone.",
    "zh": "如今，我买食品杂货通常用手机付款。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Nowadays, many employees expect flexible working arrangements that allow them to balance professional and family responsibilities.",
    "zh": "如今，许多员工希望有灵活的工作安排，以便兼顾工作和家庭责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nowadays, many people｜如今许多人",
   "more common nowadays｜如今更常见",
   "rarely used nowadays｜如今很少使用"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "these days",
   "currently"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "formerly"
  ],
  "tip": "常与一般现在时连用，强调今昔对比；不用加介词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nowadays"
 },
 {
  "w": "gum",
  "uk": "/ɡʌm/",
  "us": "/ɡʌm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "口香糖",
    "en": "A sweet substance chewed but not swallowed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牙龈",
    "en": "The firm pink flesh surrounding the bases of teeth"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "树胶；胶质",
    "en": "A sticky substance from plants, often used for making glue"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She offered me a piece of mint gum.",
    "zh": "她给了我一片薄荷口香糖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular dental checkups can help detect gum disease before it causes serious damage.",
    "zh": "定期进行牙科检查有助于在牙龈疾病造成严重损害前发现问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chewing gum｜口香糖",
   "a piece of gum｜一片口香糖",
   "gum disease｜牙龈疾病",
   "natural gum｜天然树胶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "口香糖不可数；牙龈通常用复数gums。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gum"
 },
 {
  "w": "population",
  "uk": "/ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌpɑːpjuˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人口；全体居民",
    "en": "all people living in an area, or their total number"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "种群",
    "en": "all organisms of one species living in a particular area"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The village population grows when families move here.",
    "zh": "有家庭搬来时，村里的人口就会增加。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An ageing population can place additional pressure on healthcare systems and increase demand for accessible public transport.",
    "zh": "人口老龄化会给医疗系统带来额外压力，并增加对无障碍公共交通的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "population growth｜人口增长",
   "ageing population｜老龄化人口",
   "population density｜人口密度",
   "bird population｜鸟类种群"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "populate (v.)",
   "populated (adj.)",
   "overpopulation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "人口多或少用large或small，不用many或few。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "population"
 },
 {
  "w": "charity",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃærəti/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃærəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "慈善机构",
    "en": "an organisation that helps people or causes in need"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "慈善；救济",
    "en": "help, especially money, given to those in need"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister volunteers at a charity that rescues dogs.",
    "zh": "我姐姐在一家救助狗的慈善机构做志愿者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local charities can provide essential support, but governments remain responsible for ensuring access to basic services.",
    "zh": "地方慈善机构可以提供重要支持，但政府仍有责任保障基本服务的可及性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "donate to charity｜向慈善事业捐款",
   "raise money for charity｜为慈善事业筹款",
   "charity event｜慈善活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "charitable (adj.)",
   "charitably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指机构时可数；指慈善事业或救济时不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "charity"
 },
 {
  "w": "cushion",
  "uk": "/ˈkʊʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈkʊʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "软垫；靠垫",
    "en": "A soft filled bag used for comfort or support."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缓冲；减轻冲击",
    "en": "To soften an impact or reduce a harmful effect."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缓冲物；保障",
    "en": "Something that protects against difficulty, loss, or sudden change."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She put a soft cushion behind her back.",
    "zh": "她在背后放了一个柔软的靠垫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Emergency savings can cushion the financial impact of unemployment and help families maintain their living standards.",
    "zh": "应急储蓄可以减轻失业带来的经济冲击，帮助家庭维持生活水平。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "soft cushion｜柔软的靠垫",
   "cushion the impact｜减轻冲击",
   "financial cushion｜经济保障"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cushioned (adj.)",
   "cushioning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常搭配impact或blow，表示减轻冲击。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cushion"
 },
 {
  "w": "remove",
  "uk": "/rɪˈmuːv/",
  "us": "/rɪˈmuːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "移走；取下；脱去",
    "en": "to take something away from where it is"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "清除；消除",
    "en": "to get rid of something unwanted"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "免职；撤职",
    "en": "to make someone leave a job or position"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please remove your shoes before stepping onto the new carpet.",
    "zh": "踩上新地毯前，请先脱鞋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should remove unnecessary barriers that prevent qualified workers from entering the labour market.",
    "zh": "政府应消除阻碍合格劳动者进入劳动力市场的不必要障碍。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remove stains｜去除污渍",
   "remove barriers｜消除障碍",
   "remove waste｜清除废弃物",
   "remove someone from office｜免去某人职务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "removal (n.)",
   "removable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "take away",
   "eliminate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用 remove A from B，表示从B中移除A。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "remove"
 },
 {
  "w": "theme",
  "uk": "/θiːm/",
  "us": "/θiːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "主题；中心思想",
    "en": "the main subject or idea in a work or discussion"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "主题曲；主旋律",
    "en": "a recognisable tune associated with a programme or musical work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We chose a seaside theme for the birthday party.",
    "zh": "我们为生日聚会选了一个海滨主题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The relationship between economic growth and environmental protection is a central theme in contemporary public debate.",
    "zh": "经济增长与环境保护之间的关系是当代公共讨论的核心主题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "central theme｜核心主题",
   "recurring theme｜反复出现的主题",
   "theme music｜主题音乐",
   "theme park｜主题公园"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thematic (adj.)",
   "thematically (adv.)",
   "themed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "subject",
   "topic"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "theme侧重贯穿作品的思想；topic多指讨论话题。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "theme"
 },
 {
  "w": "refer",
  "uk": "/rɪˈfɜː/",
  "us": "/rɪˈfɝː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提及；指的是",
    "en": "mention someone or something, or have them as the meaning"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "查阅；参考",
    "en": "look at a source to find information"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "转介；移交",
    "en": "send someone or something elsewhere for expert help or consideration"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please refer to the map inside your guidebook.",
    "zh": "请查阅你的旅行指南里的地图。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Doctors may refer patients to specialists when their symptoms require more detailed investigation or treatment.",
    "zh": "当患者的症状需要更详细的检查或治疗时，医生可能会将其转诊给专科医生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "refer to a report｜查阅或提及报告",
   "refer to something as｜将某物称为",
   "refer someone to a specialist｜将某人转诊给专科医生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reference (n)",
   "referral (n)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mention",
   "consult"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常接to；过去式referred，分词referring。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "refer"
 },
 {
  "w": "separately",
  "uk": "/ˈseprətli/",
  "us": "/ˈsepərətli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "分别地；分开地",
    "en": "Apart from others, or individually rather than together."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We paid separately, then walked home together after lunch.",
    "zh": "我们午饭后分别付了账，然后一起走回家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Households should collect food waste separately so that local authorities can process it into compost more efficiently.",
    "zh": "家庭应将厨余垃圾单独收集，以便地方政府更高效地将其制成堆肥。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sold separately｜单独出售",
   "pay separately｜分别付款",
   "separately from｜与……分开"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "separate (adj.)",
   "separate (v.)",
   "separation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "individually",
   "apart"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "together",
   "jointly"
  ],
  "tip": "与某物分开用separately from，不用with。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "separately"
 },
 {
  "w": "temporary",
  "uk": "/ˈtemprəri/",
  "us": "/ˈtempəreri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "暂时的；临时的",
    "en": "Lasting for only a limited period of time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This temporary desk will do until the new one arrives.",
    "zh": "新书桌送来之前，先用这张临时桌子就行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Temporary accommodation provides essential shelter while families wait for suitable permanent housing to become available.",
    "zh": "在家庭等待合适的永久住房期间，临时住处提供了必要的栖身之所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "temporary accommodation｜临时住处",
   "temporary job｜临时工作",
   "temporary solution｜临时解决办法",
   "temporary closure｜临时关闭"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "temporarily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "short-term"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "permanent"
  ],
  "tip": "强调持续时间有限，反义词为permanent。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "temporary"
 },
 {
  "w": "criminal",
  "uk": "/ˈkrɪmɪnəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkrɪmɪnəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "犯罪的；刑事的",
    "en": "relating to crime or the legal treatment of crime"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "罪犯",
    "en": "a person who has committed a crime"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The police found evidence of criminal activity in the warehouse.",
    "zh": "警方在仓库里发现了犯罪活动的证据。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Education and employment programmes may reduce criminal behaviour by providing young people with better opportunities.",
    "zh": "教育和就业项目可以为年轻人提供更好的机会，从而可能减少犯罪行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "criminal offence｜刑事犯罪",
   "criminal record｜犯罪记录",
   "criminal justice system｜刑事司法体系",
   "criminal behaviour｜犯罪行为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crime (n.)",
   "criminally (adv.)",
   "criminality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "criminal 可作形容词或名词；crime 是“罪行”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "criminal"
 },
 {
  "w": "dinosaur",
  "uk": "/ˈdaɪnəsɔː/",
  "us": "/ˈdaɪnəsɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恐龙",
    "en": "a prehistoric reptile, often large, known mainly from fossils"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "守旧者；过时事物",
    "en": "a person or thing considered outdated and resistant to change"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We saw a huge dinosaur skeleton at the museum.",
    "zh": "我们在博物馆看到了一具巨大的恐龙骨架。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying dinosaur fossils helps researchers understand how ancient environments differed from those of the present day.",
    "zh": "研究恐龙化石有助于科研人员了解古代环境与当今环境的差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dinosaur fossils｜恐龙化石",
   "dinosaur skeleton｜恐龙骨架",
   "dinosaur extinction｜恐龙灭绝"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比喻人或机构落伍时带贬义，正式交流慎用。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dinosaur"
 },
 {
  "w": "attract",
  "uk": "/əˈtrækt/",
  "us": "/əˈtrækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吸引；引起兴趣",
    "en": "Make someone interested in or drawn towards something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吸引靠近",
    "en": "Pull something closer through a physical force"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bright flowers attract butterflies to our small balcony.",
    "zh": "鲜艳的花朵把蝴蝶吸引到我们的小阳台上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities that invest in reliable public transport are more likely to attract businesses and skilled workers.",
    "zh": "投资建设可靠公共交通的城市更有可能吸引企业和技术人才。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attract attention｜吸引注意",
   "attract tourists｜吸引游客",
   "attract investment｜吸引投资",
   "attract customers｜吸引顾客"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attraction (n.)",
   "attractive (adj.)",
   "attractively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "draw",
   "entice"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "repel"
  ],
  "tip": "attract是及物动词，直接接人或事物作宾语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attract"
 },
 {
  "w": "bother",
  "uk": "/ˈbɒðə/",
  "us": "/ˈbɑːðər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打扰；使烦恼",
    "en": "to interrupt, annoy, or worry someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "费心；花工夫",
    "en": "to make the effort to do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "麻烦；烦扰",
    "en": "trouble or effort that causes inconvenience"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please do not bother your sister while she studies.",
    "zh": "你姐姐学习时，请不要打扰她。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Constant notifications can bother students during lessons and reduce their ability to concentrate on complex tasks.",
    "zh": "持续不断的通知会在课堂上干扰学生，降低他们专注于复杂任务的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bother someone with something｜拿某事打扰某人",
   "bother to do something｜费心做某事",
   "cannot be bothered｜懒得费事",
   "a lot of bother｜很多麻烦"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bothered (adj.)",
   "bothersome (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "annoy",
   "trouble",
   "disturb"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bother to do常用于否定或疑问，表示费心做。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bother"
 },
 {
  "w": "battle",
  "uk": "/ˈbætəl/",
  "us": "/ˈbætəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "战斗；战役",
    "en": "A fight between armed forces."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "斗争；艰苦努力",
    "en": "A difficult struggle to achieve something or overcome a problem."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "奋力斗争；搏斗",
    "en": "To struggle hard against someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displays armour from a famous battle.",
    "zh": "博物馆展出了某场著名战役中使用的盔甲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The battle against air pollution requires coordinated action from governments, businesses, and individuals across urban areas.",
    "zh": "对抗空气污染需要城市各地的政府、企业和个人协调行动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "win a battle｜赢得战斗",
   "an uphill battle｜艰巨的斗争",
   "battle against pollution｜与污染作斗争",
   "battle for survival｜为生存而斗争"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "battleground (n.)",
   "battlefield (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fight",
   "struggle"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "battle可指具体战斗，也常比喻与疾病或困难抗争。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "battle"
 },
 {
  "w": "unnecessary",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈnesəsəri/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈnesəseri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不必要的；多余的",
    "en": "Not needed or serving no useful purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Bring a light jacket, but heavy boots are unnecessary.",
    "zh": "带一件薄外套吧，但厚靴子就没必要了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear instructions can prevent unnecessary delays and help public services operate more efficiently.",
    "zh": "清晰的指引可以避免不必要的延误，帮助公共服务更高效地运作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unnecessary expense｜不必要的开支",
   "unnecessary stress｜不必要的压力",
   "avoid unnecessary delays｜避免不必要的延误"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "necessary (adj.)",
   "unnecessarily (adv.)",
   "necessity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "needless",
   "superfluous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "necessary",
   "essential"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“没必要做”可用 it is unnecessary to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unnecessary"
 },
 {
  "w": "puzzle",
  "uk": "/ˈpʌzl/",
  "us": "/ˈpʌzl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "益智游戏；拼图",
    "en": "A game or problem that tests your thinking skills."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谜；难以理解的事",
    "en": "Something that is difficult to understand or explain."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使困惑",
    "en": "To make someone feel confused because something is difficult to understand."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We finished the puzzle together on the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "我们在厨房桌上一起完成了拼图。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The relationship between income and personal happiness remains a puzzle that researchers approach from several different perspectives.",
    "zh": "收入与个人幸福感之间的关系仍是一个谜，研究人员正从多个不同角度探索它。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "solve a puzzle｜解开谜题",
   "a jigsaw puzzle｜拼图",
   "puzzle over something｜苦思某事",
   "a crossword puzzle｜填字游戏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "puzzled (adj.)",
   "puzzling (adj.)",
   "puzzlement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "puzzled形容人感到困惑；puzzling形容事物令人困惑。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "puzzle"
 },
 {
  "w": "spoil",
  "uk": "/spɔɪl/",
  "us": "/spɔɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "破坏；糟蹋",
    "en": "To make something less enjoyable, useful, or attractive."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "溺爱；宠坏",
    "en": "To give someone excessive attention or everything they want."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变质；使变质",
    "en": "To become, or make food become, unfit to eat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't spoil the surprise by telling your sister.",
    "zh": "请别告诉你姐姐，免得破坏这份惊喜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poorly planned construction can spoil natural landscapes and reduce their appeal to both residents and tourists.",
    "zh": "规划不当的建设会破坏自然景观，降低其对居民和游客的吸引力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spoil the surprise｜破坏惊喜",
   "spoil a child｜宠坏孩子",
   "spoil your appetite｜影响食欲"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spoiled (adj.)",
   "spoilt (adj.)",
   "spoilage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ruin"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均可用spoiled或spoilt。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spoil"
 },
 {
  "w": "bleed",
  "uk": "/bliːd/",
  "us": "/bliːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "流血；出血",
    "en": "To lose blood from a wound or inside the body."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My finger started to bleed after a small paper cut.",
    "zh": "我的手指被纸轻轻划了一下，开始流血了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "First aid courses teach people how to respond safely when minor injuries cause someone to bleed.",
    "zh": "急救课程教人们在轻伤导致出血时如何安全应对。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bleed heavily｜大量出血",
   "bleed internally｜内出血",
   "stop the bleeding｜止血"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blood (n.)",
   "bleeding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为bled；blood是名词“血”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bleed"
 },
 {
  "w": "choir",
  "uk": "/ˈkwaɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈkwaɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "合唱团；唱诗班",
    "en": "An organised group of people who sing together."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister sings in the choir every Sunday.",
    "zh": "我姐姐每周日都在唱诗班唱歌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Joining a community choir can reduce loneliness and strengthen social connections among older adults.",
    "zh": "加入社区合唱团可以减轻老年人的孤独感，并加强他们的社会联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "join a choir｜加入合唱团",
   "church choir｜教堂唱诗班",
   "choir practice｜合唱排练"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "choral (adj.)",
   "chorister (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "发音近似quire，开头不是常见的/ch/音。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "choir"
 },
 {
  "w": "element",
  "uk": "/ˈelɪmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈelɪmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "要素；组成部分",
    "en": "An important or basic part of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "化学元素",
    "en": "A substance that cannot be chemically divided into simpler substances."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恶劣天气",
    "en": "Strong wind, rain, or other difficult weather conditions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fresh herbs are a key element of this soup.",
    "zh": "新鲜香草是这道汤的关键配料。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public trust is an essential element of any successful policy aimed at improving community health.",
    "zh": "公众信任是任何旨在改善社区健康的政策取得成功的必要因素。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a key element｜关键要素",
   "a chemical element｜化学元素",
   "exposure to the elements｜暴露于风雨之中"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "elemental (adj.)",
   "elementary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "component",
   "factor"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示风雨等自然力量时，通常用the elements。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "element"
 },
 {
  "w": "creative",
  "uk": "/kriˈeɪtɪv/",
  "us": "/kriˈeɪtɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有创造力的；创新的",
    "en": "Able to produce original ideas, or involving imagination."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My creative sister turned old jars into colourful lamps.",
    "zh": "我富有创意的姐姐把旧罐子变成了彩色灯具。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should encourage creative thinking by allowing students to explore several solutions to the same problem.",
    "zh": "学校应允许学生探索同一问题的多种解决方案，以鼓励创造性思维。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "creative thinking｜创造性思维",
   "creative writing｜创意写作",
   "a creative solution｜创新的解决方案"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "create (v.)",
   "creativity (n.)",
   "creatively (adv.)",
   "creation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "imaginative",
   "inventive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unimaginative"
  ],
  "tip": "形容人有创意或方法新颖；名词形式是creativity。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "creative"
 },
 {
  "w": "sail",
  "uk": "/seɪl/",
  "us": "/seɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "航行；驾驶帆船",
    "en": "Travel across water in a boat or ship."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "帆",
    "en": "A large sheet of material that catches wind to move boats."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sailed across the lake on a sunny afternoon.",
    "zh": "一个晴朗的下午，我们乘船驶过湖面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ships that sail through sensitive marine habitats should follow strict rules to protect wildlife.",
    "zh": "驶经敏感海洋栖息地的船只应遵守严格规定，以保护野生动物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "set sail｜启航",
   "sail across the ocean｜航行穿越大洋",
   "raise the sails｜升帆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sailing (n.)",
   "sailor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词不限于帆船，也可指轮船航行。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sail"
 },
 {
  "w": "Boxing Day",
  "uk": "/ˈbɒksɪŋ deɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈbɑːksɪŋ deɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "节礼日",
    "en": "December 26, a public holiday in Britain and several other countries."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We usually eat leftover turkey together on Boxing Day.",
    "zh": "我们通常在节礼日一起吃剩下的火鸡肉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Boxing Day sales can boost retail revenue, but they also raise concerns about unnecessary consumption.",
    "zh": "节礼日促销能增加零售收入，但也引发了对不必要消费的担忧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on Boxing Day｜在节礼日",
   "Boxing Day sales｜节礼日促销",
   "a Boxing Day walk｜节礼日散步"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "固定指12月26日；首字母大写，不加连字符。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "已将非标准拼写boxing-day改为Boxing Day。",
  "id": "boxing-day"
 },
 {
  "w": "murder",
  "uk": "/ˈmɜːdə/",
  "us": "/ˈmɝːdɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谋杀；谋杀案",
    "en": "the crime of deliberately and unlawfully killing someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "谋杀",
    "en": "to deliberately and unlawfully kill someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a film about a detective investigating a murder.",
    "zh": "我们看了一部讲述侦探调查谋杀案的电影。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accurate forensic evidence plays a crucial role in solving murder cases and preventing wrongful convictions.",
    "zh": "准确的法医证据对侦破谋杀案和防止误判起着关键作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commit murder｜实施谋杀",
   "attempted murder｜谋杀未遂",
   "murder investigation｜谋杀案调查",
   "be charged with murder｜被控谋杀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "murderer (n.)",
   "murderous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "murder强调非法且故意杀人；kill含义更广。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "murder"
 },
 {
  "w": "district",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪstrɪkt/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪstrɪkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地区；行政区",
    "en": "An area defined by its features or official boundaries."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a small bakery in the old market district.",
    "zh": "我们在老市场区找到了一家小面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving public transport in suburban districts can reduce car dependence and widen access to employment.",
    "zh": "改善郊区的公共交通可以减少对汽车的依赖，并增加就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "residential district｜住宅区",
   "business district｜商业区",
   "school district｜学区",
   "electoral district｜选区"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "area",
   "zone"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指行政划分，也可指具有特定功能的城区。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "district"
 },
 {
  "w": "differ",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪfə/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪfər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "不同；有区别",
    "en": "To be unlike something else in one or more ways."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "意见不合",
    "en": "To have a different opinion from another person."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These jackets differ in price, but both look great.",
    "zh": "这两件夹克价格不同，但都很好看。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Educational priorities differ between countries because economic conditions and cultural expectations shape national policies.",
    "zh": "各国的教育重点有所不同，因为经济条件和文化期待会影响国家政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "differ from｜与……不同",
   "differ in size｜大小不同",
   "differ widely｜差异很大",
   "differ with someone｜与某人意见不同"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "different (adj.)",
   "difference (n.)",
   "differently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "vary",
   "disagree"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "agree"
  ],
  "tip": "from引出比较对象，in引出差异方面。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "differ"
 },
 {
  "w": "general",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒenərəl/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒenərəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "普遍的；总体的",
    "en": "affecting or involving most people, things, or situations"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大致的；非具体的",
    "en": "describing main points rather than particular details"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "将军",
    "en": "an officer with a very high rank in the army"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There was general agreement that the kitchen needed repainting.",
    "zh": "大家普遍同意厨房需要重新刷漆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although the general standard of education has improved, significant differences remain between urban and rural schools.",
    "zh": "尽管教育总体水平已有提高，城乡学校之间仍存在显著差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in general｜一般来说",
   "general public｜公众",
   "general knowledge｜常识",
   "general overview｜总体概述"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "generally (adv.)",
   "generalise (v.)",
   "generalisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "specific"
  ],
  "tip": "in general意为“一般来说”，常用于概括。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "general"
 },
 {
  "w": "fog",
  "uk": "/fɒɡ/",
  "us": "/fɑːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雾",
    "en": "a thick cloud near the ground that limits visibility"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使蒙上雾气；变模糊",
    "en": "to become or make a surface covered with fine droplets"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Thick fog hid the hills behind our house.",
    "zh": "浓雾遮住了我们屋后的山丘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Dense fog can disrupt transport networks, causing flight cancellations and increasing the risk of road accidents.",
    "zh": "浓雾可能扰乱交通网络，导致航班取消，并增加道路事故的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thick fog｜浓雾",
   "dense fog｜浓雾",
   "fog lifts｜雾散了",
   "fog up｜蒙上雾气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "foggy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fog比mist更浓；fog up常指玻璃蒙上雾气。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fog"
 },
 {
  "w": "blame",
  "uk": "/bleɪm/",
  "us": "/bleɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "责怪；归咎于",
    "en": "To consider someone or something responsible for a problem."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "责任；责备",
    "en": "Responsibility for something bad that has happened."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Don't blame me for the broken kitchen chair.",
    "zh": "别把厨房椅子坏了的事怪到我头上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It is unfair to blame individuals alone for environmental problems caused partly by industrial activity.",
    "zh": "环境问题部分由工业活动造成，仅归咎于个人并不公平。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blame someone for something｜因某事责怪某人",
   "blame something on someone｜把某事归咎于某人",
   "take the blame｜承担责任",
   "be to blame｜应负责任"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blameless (adj.)",
   "blameworthy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "人作宾语用blame sb for；事作宾语用blame sth on。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blame"
 },
 {
  "w": "surely",
  "uk": "/ˈʃʊəli/",
  "us": "/ˈʃʊrli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "想必；总该",
    "en": "Used when expecting others to agree that something is true"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "必定；确实",
    "en": "Certainly, or in a way that will achieve a result"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Surely you can spare five minutes to help?",
    "zh": "你总能抽出五分钟来帮忙吧？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Surely governments should prioritise clean drinking water before investing public money in expensive sports facilities.",
    "zh": "政府在投入公共资金建设昂贵的体育设施之前，总该优先保障清洁饮用水吧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "surely not｜总不至于吧",
   "slowly but surely｜缓慢而稳步地",
   "will surely lead to｜必将导致"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sure (adj.)",
   "sureness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "certainly",
   "undoubtedly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是副词；句首常表示期待对方赞同。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "surely"
 },
 {
  "w": "secondary",
  "uk": "/ˈsekəndri/",
  "us": "/ˈsekənderi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "中等教育的；中学的",
    "en": "Relating to education after primary school and before higher education."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "次要的；辅助的",
    "en": "Less important than something else."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister starts secondary school after the summer holidays.",
    "zh": "暑假过后，我妹妹就要上中学了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to quality secondary education can improve employment prospects for young people in rural communities.",
    "zh": "获得优质中等教育的机会可以改善农村年轻人的就业前景。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "secondary school｜中学",
   "secondary education｜中等教育",
   "of secondary importance｜次要的",
   "secondary to｜次于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "second (num.)",
   "secondarily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "primary"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“次于”用secondary to，不用secondary than。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "secondary"
 },
 {
  "w": "underneath",
  "uk": "/ˌʌndəˈniːθ/",
  "us": "/ˌʌndɚˈniːθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……下面",
    "en": "Directly below something, often covered or hidden by it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在下面；在底下",
    "en": "In a lower position, often beneath a covering."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your slippers are underneath the chair by the bed.",
    "zh": "你的拖鞋在床边那把椅子下面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Insulation installed underneath floors can reduce heat loss and improve energy efficiency in older homes.",
    "zh": "在地板下面铺设保温材料，可以减少老房屋的热量流失并提高能源效率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "underneath the bed｜在床下面",
   "underneath the surface｜在表面之下",
   "hidden underneath｜藏在下面"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "under",
   "beneath",
   "below"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "above"
  ],
  "tip": "后接名词时是介词；单独使用时是副词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "underneath"
 },
 {
  "w": "permitted",
  "uk": "/pəˈmɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/pɚˈmɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "允许；准许",
    "en": "allowed something; the past tense and past participle of permit"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We were permitted to feed the goats at noon.",
    "zh": "我们获准在中午给山羊喂食。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should be permitted to use digital tools when these genuinely support learning rather than distract from it.",
    "zh": "当数字工具确实有助于学习而非分散注意力时，应允许学生使用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be permitted to do something｜获准做某事",
   "not permitted｜不被允许",
   "legally permitted｜法律允许的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "permit (v.)",
   "permission (n.)",
   "permissible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "allowed",
   "authorized"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "forbidden",
   "prohibited"
  ],
  "tip": "permit过去式双写t；被动式后接to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "permitted"
 },
 {
  "w": "spotted",
  "uk": "/ˈspɒtɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈspɑːtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有斑点的；有圆点的",
    "en": "Covered with small round marks or patches."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A spotted dog was sleeping beside the garden gate.",
    "zh": "一只带斑点的狗正睡在花园门旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some spotted animals blend into their surroundings, making them harder for predators to detect.",
    "zh": "一些有斑点的动物能融入周围环境，使捕食者更难发现它们。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spotted coat｜带斑点的皮毛",
   "spotted dress｜圆点连衣裙",
   "spotted pattern｜斑点图案"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spot (n.)",
   "spot (v.)",
   "spotty (adj.)",
   "spotless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "也可作spot的过去式或过去分词，意为发现。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spotted"
 },
 {
  "w": "monument",
  "uk": "/ˈmɒnjʊmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːnjəmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纪念碑；纪念建筑",
    "en": "A structure built to honour a person or important event."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "历史遗迹；古迹",
    "en": "An old structure valued for its historical importance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We left flowers beside the monument in the town square.",
    "zh": "我们把鲜花放在镇广场的纪念碑旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting ancient monuments can strengthen cultural identity while attracting visitors and supporting employment in local communities.",
    "zh": "保护古迹既能增强文化认同，又能吸引游客，为当地社区创造就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a monument to｜纪念……的建筑",
   "an ancient monument｜古迹",
   "a historic monument｜历史遗迹",
   "erect a monument｜树立纪念碑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "monumental (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "memorial"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "纪念某人或某事用a monument to。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "monument"
 },
 {
  "w": "grill",
  "uk": "/ɡrɪl/",
  "us": "/ɡrɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "烤；炙烤",
    "en": "To cook food using direct heat from above or below."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烤架；烧烤炉",
    "en": "A cooking device that exposes food to direct heat."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "严厉盘问；追问",
    "en": "To question someone intensely, often for a long time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We grilled some peppers and ate them with rice.",
    "zh": "我们烤了些甜椒，配米饭吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Grilling vegetables with little oil can be a practical way to prepare healthier meals at home.",
    "zh": "用少量油烤蔬菜，是在家制作更健康餐食的一种实用方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grilled fish｜烤鱼",
   "a charcoal grill｜炭火烤炉",
   "under the grill｜在烤架热源下",
   "grill someone about something｜就某事盘问某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grilled (adj.)",
   "grilling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式grill常指从上方加热；美式常指从下方烤。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grill"
 },
 {
  "w": "ruin",
  "uk": "/ˈruːɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈruːɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "毁坏；毁掉",
    "en": "to damage something so badly that it loses its value"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "废墟；遗迹",
    "en": "the remains of a building that has been badly damaged"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "毁灭；破产",
    "en": "the complete loss of money, success, or good condition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy rain ruined the picnic we had planned.",
    "zh": "大雨毁掉了我们计划好的野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Uncontrolled tourism can ruin fragile natural habitats unless visitor numbers and construction activities are carefully managed.",
    "zh": "除非严格管理游客数量和建设活动，否则无序旅游可能毁掉脆弱的自然栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ruin someone's plans｜打乱某人的计划",
   "ancient ruins｜古代遗迹",
   "financial ruin｜经济上的破产",
   "in ruins｜成为废墟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ruined (adj.)",
   "ruinous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "destroy",
   "wreck"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "restore"
  ],
  "tip": "表示建筑遗迹常用复数ruins，如ancient ruins。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ruin"
 },
 {
  "w": "workshop",
  "uk": "/ˈwɜːkʃɒp/",
  "us": "/ˈwɝːkʃɑːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实践研讨会；工作坊",
    "en": "A session where people learn by discussing and practising together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "车间；作坊",
    "en": "A room or building where things are made or repaired."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I made a clay bowl at a pottery workshop.",
    "zh": "我在陶艺工作坊做了一个陶碗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should offer practical workshops that help students develop communication skills through collaborative activities.",
    "zh": "学校应开设实践工作坊，帮助学生通过合作活动培养沟通能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attend a workshop｜参加工作坊",
   "run a workshop｜举办工作坊",
   "a training workshop｜培训研讨会",
   "a repair workshop｜维修车间"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示学习活动时，通常强调参与和实践，而非只听讲。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "workshop"
 },
 {
  "w": "mate",
  "uk": "/meɪt/",
  "us": "/meɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "朋友；伙伴",
    "en": "A friend or someone you share an activity with"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动物的配偶",
    "en": "An animal's partner for breeding"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "交配；使交配",
    "en": "To breed, or bring animals together to breed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'm meeting a mate for lunch near the station.",
    "zh": "我要在车站附近和一个朋友吃午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some bird species stay with the same mate for years, sharing responsibility for raising their young.",
    "zh": "某些鸟类会与同一配偶相伴多年，共同承担养育幼鸟的责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a close mate｜亲密的朋友",
   "find a mate｜寻找配偶",
   "mate for life｜终生配对"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mating (n.)",
   "classmate (n.)",
   "teammate (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "friend",
   "companion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示朋友时属英式非正式用语，正式写作宜用friend。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mate"
 },
 {
  "w": "grocery",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrəʊsəri/",
  "us": "/ˈɡroʊsəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "食品杂货",
    "en": "Food and household supplies bought at a shop; usually plural."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "食品杂货店",
    "en": "A shop selling food and basic household supplies."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I carried two bags of groceries into the kitchen.",
    "zh": "我把两袋食品杂货提进了厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising grocery prices place considerable pressure on households that already spend most of their income on essentials.",
    "zh": "食品杂货价格上涨给那些已将大部分收入用于必需品的家庭带来了巨大压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grocery shopping｜采购食品杂货",
   "grocery store｜食品杂货店",
   "grocery bill｜食品杂货开销"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grocer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "食品杂货用复数groceries；作定语用grocery。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grocery"
 },
 {
  "w": "amuse",
  "uk": "/əˈmjuːz/",
  "us": "/əˈmjuːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逗乐；使发笑",
    "en": "To make someone smile or laugh."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使消遣；使不无聊",
    "en": "To keep someone pleasantly occupied."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His silly dance amused everyone waiting in the kitchen.",
    "zh": "他滑稽的舞蹈逗乐了在厨房等候的每个人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Interactive museum exhibits can amuse young visitors while helping them understand complex scientific ideas.",
    "zh": "博物馆的互动展品既能让小游客玩得开心，也能帮助他们理解复杂的科学概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "amuse an audience｜逗乐观众",
   "amuse yourself｜自娱自乐",
   "keep someone amused｜让某人不无聊"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "amusement (n.)",
   "amusing (adj.)",
   "amused (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "entertain",
   "delight"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "bore"
  ],
  "tip": "amused形容人的感受；amusing形容有趣的事物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amuse"
 },
 {
  "w": "citizen",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪtɪzən/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪtɪzən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公民",
    "en": "A legal member of a country with rights and responsibilities."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "市民；居民",
    "en": "A person who lives in a particular town or city."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt became a citizen after living here for years.",
    "zh": "我姑妈在这里生活多年后成为了公民。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every citizen should have access to reliable public services, regardless of income or place of residence.",
    "zh": "每位公民都应享有可靠的公共服务，不论收入多少或居住在哪里。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "become a citizen｜成为公民",
   "a senior citizen｜老年人",
   "a responsible citizen｜负责任的公民"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "citizenship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "citizen强调公民身份；resident强调居住。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "citizen"
 },
 {
  "w": "recipe",
  "uk": "/ˈresəpi/",
  "us": "/ˈresəpi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "食谱；烹饪方法",
    "en": "instructions explaining how to prepare and cook a dish"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "促成某结果的方法或因素",
    "en": "a method or situation likely to produce a particular result"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This soup recipe needs only a few simple ingredients.",
    "zh": "这个汤的食谱只需要几种简单的食材。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in teacher training and accessible learning materials provides a recipe for educational success.",
    "zh": "投资教师培训并提供易于获取的学习材料，是推动教育成功的有效方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "follow a recipe｜按照食谱做菜",
   "a recipe for success｜成功之道",
   "a recipe for disaster｜招致灾难的做法"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "recipe指做菜方法；menu是菜单，prescription是处方。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recipe"
 },
 {
  "w": "hunger",
  "uk": "/ˈhʌŋɡə/",
  "us": "/ˈhʌŋɡɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "饥饿；食物匮乏",
    "en": "the need for food or suffering caused by its lack"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "渴望",
    "en": "a strong desire for something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "渴望；渴求",
    "en": "to want something very strongly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A bowl of warm soup quickly satisfied my hunger.",
    "zh": "一碗热汤很快就让我不饿了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing global hunger requires reliable food supplies as well as better access to education and employment.",
    "zh": "减少全球饥饿既需要可靠的食物供应，也需要更多受教育和就业的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "satisfy your hunger｜填饱肚子",
   "combat hunger｜抗击饥饿",
   "a hunger for knowledge｜求知欲",
   "hunger for success｜渴望成功"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hungry (adj.)",
   "hungrily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词通常不可数；渴望某物用hunger for。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hunger"
 },
 {
  "w": "fever",
  "uk": "/ˈfiːvə/",
  "us": "/ˈfiːvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发烧；发热",
    "en": "a body temperature higher than normal, usually caused by illness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狂热；极度兴奋",
    "en": "intense excitement shared by a person or group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He stayed in bed because he had a fever.",
    "zh": "他因为发烧而卧床休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A persistent fever may indicate an infection and should be assessed by a qualified healthcare professional.",
    "zh": "持续发热可能意味着感染，应由合格的医疗专业人员进行评估。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have a fever｜发烧",
   "a high fever｜高烧",
   "a mild fever｜低烧",
   "football fever｜足球热"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "feverish (adj.)",
   "feverishly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示发烧常说have a fever，也可说have a temperature。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fever"
 },
 {
  "w": "locker",
  "uk": "/ˈlɒkə/",
  "us": "/ˈlɑːkər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "储物柜；带锁小柜",
    "en": "a small cupboard for keeping personal belongings secure"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left my trainers in a locker at the gym.",
    "zh": "我把运动鞋留在健身房的储物柜里了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing each student with a locker can reduce the weight of bags carried around school.",
    "zh": "为每位学生配备储物柜，可以减轻他们在校园内携带的书包重量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "locker room｜更衣室",
   "school locker｜学校储物柜",
   "locker key｜储物柜钥匙"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lock (n.)",
   "lock (v.)",
   "lockable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "locker通常是存放个人物品的小柜，不指上锁的人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "locker"
 },
 {
  "w": "worldwide",
  "uk": "/ˌwɜːldˈwaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˌwɝːldˈwaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "全世界的",
    "en": "Existing or happening in all parts of the world."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "遍及全球",
    "en": "In or to all parts of the world."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The band's new song became a worldwide hit.",
    "zh": "这个乐队的新歌在全球大受欢迎。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Worldwide cooperation is essential for reducing carbon emissions and protecting communities from the effects of climate change.",
    "zh": "全球合作对于减少碳排放、保护社区免受气候变化影响至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "worldwide demand｜全球需求",
   "worldwide recognition｜全球认可",
   "available worldwide｜全球均可获取",
   "worldwide distribution｜全球分销"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "global",
   "international"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可作形容词，也可作副词：sell worldwide。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "worldwide"
 },
 {
  "w": "lately",
  "uk": "/ˈleɪtli/",
  "us": "/ˈleɪtli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "最近；近来",
    "en": "during the recent period up to the present"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Have you been sleeping well lately, or feeling tired?",
    "zh": "你最近睡得好吗，还是觉得疲倦？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Lately, researchers have paid greater attention to the relationship between access to green spaces and mental health.",
    "zh": "近来，研究人员更加关注绿地可及性与心理健康之间的关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have lately become｜近来已变得",
   "until lately｜直到最近",
   "more often lately｜最近更频繁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "late (adj.)",
   "lateness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "recently"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常与现在完成时连用；不要与表示迟到的late混淆。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lately"
 },
 {
  "w": "clip",
  "uk": "/klɪp/",
  "us": "/klɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "夹子；回形针",
    "en": "A small object that holds things together or in place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电影或音频片段",
    "en": "A short section of a film or audio recording."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "夹住；剪短；修剪",
    "en": "To fasten with a clip, or cut something shorter."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She used a clip to hold her hair back.",
    "zh": "她用夹子把头发固定在后面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can use a short video clip to introduce complex scientific concepts before a classroom discussion.",
    "zh": "教师可以在课堂讨论前，用一段短视频引入复杂的科学概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "paper clip｜回形针",
   "video clip｜视频片段",
   "clip your nails｜剪指甲",
   "clip something onto｜把某物夹在……上"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clipping (n.)",
   "clippers (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "夹在某物上用clip onto；短视频片段也叫clip。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clip"
 },
 {
  "w": "primary",
  "uk": "/ˈpraɪməri/",
  "us": "/ˈpraɪmeri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "首要的；主要的",
    "en": "more important than anything else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "小学的；初等教育的",
    "en": "relating to the first stage of formal schooling"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最初的；直接的",
    "en": "original or direct, rather than derived from something else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our primary concern is keeping the children safe.",
    "zh": "我们最关心的是确保孩子们安全。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in primary education can reduce inequality by giving children a stronger foundation for future learning.",
    "zh": "投资初等教育可以为儿童今后的学习打下更牢固的基础，从而减少不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "primary concern｜首要关切",
   "primary school｜小学",
   "primary source｜第一手资料",
   "primary objective｜主要目标"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "primarily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "main",
   "principal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "secondary"
  ],
  "tip": "primary school指小学；primarily是副词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "primary"
 },
 {
  "w": "obvious",
  "uk": "/ˈɒbviəs/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːbviəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "明显的；显而易见的",
    "en": "Easy to notice or understand."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The muddy footprints made the dog's hiding place obvious.",
    "zh": "泥脚印让狗的藏身处一目了然。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The environmental benefits of cycling are obvious, but safer routes are needed to encourage more people to cycle.",
    "zh": "骑自行车的环境效益显而易见，但还需更安全的路线来鼓励更多人骑行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an obvious advantage｜明显的优势",
   "for obvious reasons｜出于显而易见的原因",
   "obvious to everyone｜人人都看得出来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "obviously (adv.)",
   "obviousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clear",
   "evident",
   "apparent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unclear",
   "hidden"
  ],
  "tip": "常用It is obvious that…表示“显然……”。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obvious"
 },
 {
  "w": "mop",
  "uk": "/mɒp/",
  "us": "/mɑːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拖把",
    "en": "A long-handled tool for washing floors"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拖洗；擦去",
    "en": "To clean a surface or remove liquid with absorbent material"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I used a mop to clean the muddy kitchen floor.",
    "zh": "我用拖把擦洗了沾满泥的厨房地板。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Staff should mop shared floors regularly to maintain hygiene in schools and other public buildings.",
    "zh": "工作人员应定期拖洗公共区域的地面，以保持学校及其他公共建筑的卫生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mop the floor｜拖地",
   "mop up a spill｜擦净洒出的液体",
   "a mop and bucket｜拖把和水桶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词过去式mopped，进行式mopping，均双写p。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mop"
 },
 {
  "w": "baby-sitter",
  "uk": "/ˈbeɪbisɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈbeɪbisɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "临时保姆",
    "en": "Someone who temporarily looks after children while their parents are away"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The baby-sitter read our daughter a story before bed.",
    "zh": "临时保姆在睡前给我们女儿读了一个故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hiring a reliable baby-sitter can help parents balance occasional evening work with their family responsibilities.",
    "zh": "雇用可靠的临时保姆，可以帮助父母兼顾偶尔的晚间工作和家庭责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hire a baby-sitter｜雇临时保姆",
   "reliable baby-sitter｜可靠的临时保姆",
   "experienced baby-sitter｜有经验的临时保姆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "babysit (v.)",
   "babysitting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sitter"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "现代更常写babysitter；通常指临时照看孩子的人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "baby-sitter"
 },
 {
  "w": "approve",
  "uk": "/əˈpruːv/",
  "us": "/əˈpruːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "批准；核准",
    "en": "To officially accept or allow something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赞成；认可",
    "en": "To think that someone or something is good or acceptable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My manager approved my request for a day off.",
    "zh": "经理批准了我请一天假的申请。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should approve housing developments only when adequate transport and essential services are available.",
    "zh": "地方政府应仅在交通和基本服务充足的情况下批准住宅开发项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "approve a proposal｜批准提案",
   "approve of something｜赞成某事",
   "approve an application｜批准申请"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "approval (n.)",
   "disapprove (v.)",
   "approving (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "authorize",
   "endorse"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reject",
   "disapprove"
  ],
  "tip": "批准某事用approve；赞成某事用approve of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "approve"
 },
 {
  "w": "presentation",
  "uk": "/ˌprezənˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌprezənˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "报告；演示",
    "en": "a talk that explains something to an audience"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "呈现方式；外观",
    "en": "the way something is arranged, shown, or expressed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "颁发；赠送",
    "en": "the formal act of giving something to someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I practised my presentation in front of my sister.",
    "zh": "我在姐姐面前练习了一遍报告。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Giving a group presentation allows students to develop communication skills and learn how to divide responsibilities.",
    "zh": "进行小组报告能让学生培养沟通能力，并学习如何分工。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "give a presentation｜作报告",
   "oral presentation｜口头报告",
   "food presentation｜菜品摆盘",
   "award presentation｜颁奖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "present (v.)",
   "presenter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作报告用give a presentation；注意present作动词的重音。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "presentation"
 },
 {
  "w": "limit",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪmɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪmɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "限度；限制",
    "en": "the greatest amount or level that is allowed or possible"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "限制；限定",
    "en": "to control how much something can increase or happen"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a limit to what this bag can hold.",
    "zh": "这个包能装的东西是有限的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should limit industrial emissions while providing financial support for businesses adopting cleaner production methods.",
    "zh": "政府应限制工业排放，同时为采用更清洁生产方式的企业提供资金支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "speed limit｜速度限制",
   "time limit｜时间限制",
   "set a limit｜设定限度",
   "limit something to｜将某事物限制在"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "limited (adj.)",
   "limitation (n.)",
   "unlimited (adj.)",
   "limitless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "restriction",
   "restrict"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "limit A to B意为将A限制在B范围内。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "limit"
 },
 {
  "w": "striped",
  "uk": "/straɪpt/",
  "us": "/straɪpt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有条纹的",
    "en": "Having a pattern of long, narrow bands."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wore a striped shirt and dark blue jeans.",
    "zh": "她穿着一件条纹衬衫和深蓝色牛仔裤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The striped coats of certain animals may help them avoid detection in their natural habitats.",
    "zh": "某些动物带条纹的皮毛可能有助于它们在自然栖息地中避免被发现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "striped shirt｜条纹衬衫",
   "striped fabric｜条纹布料",
   "striped pattern｜条纹图案"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stripe (n.)",
   "stripe (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "plain"
  ],
  "tip": "striped意为有条纹的；strip的过去式是stripped。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "striped"
 },
 {
  "w": "brick",
  "uk": "/brɪk/",
  "us": "/brɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "砖；砖块",
    "en": "A hard rectangular block used for building walls and houses."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One loose brick fell out of the garden wall.",
    "zh": "花园围墙上掉下了一块松动的砖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reusing brick from demolished buildings can reduce construction waste and preserve the character of older neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "重复利用拆除建筑中的砖可以减少建筑垃圾，并保留老街区的特色。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "brick wall｜砖墙",
   "lay bricks｜砌砖",
   "red brick｜红砖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bricklayer (n.)",
   "brickwork (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单块砖可数；作建筑材料统称时可不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brick"
 },
 {
  "w": "architect",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːkɪtekt/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːrkɪtekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "建筑师",
    "en": "Someone whose job is to design buildings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缔造者；设计者",
    "en": "Someone who plans and develops an important change or project"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The architect showed us a model of our future home.",
    "zh": "建筑师给我们看了未来新家的模型。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Architects can reduce energy consumption by designing buildings that make better use of natural light.",
    "zh": "建筑师可以通过设计更充分利用自然光的建筑来降低能耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "qualified architect｜有资质的建筑师",
   "chief architect｜首席建筑师；主要设计者",
   "the architect of reform｜改革的设计者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "architecture (n.)",
   "architectural (adj.)",
   "architecturally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "architect指人，architecture指建筑学或建筑风格。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "architect"
 },
 {
  "w": "souvenir",
  "uk": "/ˌsuːvəˈnɪə/",
  "us": "/ˌsuːvəˈnɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纪念品",
    "en": "An object kept to remember a place, person, or event."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought a small wooden boat as a souvenir.",
    "zh": "我们买了一只小木船作为纪念品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Buying a locally made souvenir can support traditional crafts and provide income for communities that depend on tourism.",
    "zh": "购买当地制作的纪念品可以支持传统工艺，并为依靠旅游业的社区带来收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "souvenir shop｜纪念品商店",
   "buy a souvenir｜购买纪念品",
   "as a souvenir｜作为纪念品"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "memento",
   "keepsake"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用a souvenir of表示某次旅行或活动的纪念品。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "souvenir"
 },
 {
  "w": "cheek",
  "uk": "/tʃiːk/",
  "us": "/tʃiːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脸颊",
    "en": "either side of the face below the eyes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "厚脸皮；无礼",
    "en": "rude behaviour that shows a lack of respect"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A cold raindrop landed on my cheek outside.",
    "zh": "在外面，一滴冰凉的雨水落在了我的脸颊上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protective clothing should cover exposed areas, including the cheeks, when people work in extremely cold environments.",
    "zh": "在极寒环境中工作时，防护服应遮住包括脸颊在内的裸露部位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rosy cheeks｜红润的脸颊",
   "a kiss on the cheek｜脸颊上的一吻",
   "have the cheek to｜竟厚着脸皮做",
   "cheek by cheek｜脸贴脸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cheeky (adj.)",
   "cheekily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "脸颊义可数；无礼义通常不可数，多用于英式口语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cheek"
 },
 {
  "w": "ambition",
  "uk": "/æmˈbɪʃən/",
  "us": "/æmˈbɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "志向；抱负",
    "en": "A strong desire to achieve a particular goal."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "进取心；雄心",
    "en": "Determination to become successful, powerful, or highly skilled."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her childhood ambition was to design bridges across rivers.",
    "zh": "她儿时的志向是设计跨河大桥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should nurture students' ambition while helping them set realistic goals and develop practical skills.",
    "zh": "学校应培养学生的进取心，同时帮助他们设定切实可行的目标并发展实用技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "achieve an ambition｜实现抱负",
   "lifelong ambition｜毕生志向",
   "political ambition｜政治抱负",
   "ambition to succeed｜追求成功的雄心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ambitious (adj.)",
   "ambitiously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "aspiration"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "具体志向可数，进取心不可数；常接to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ambition"
 },
 {
  "w": "advanced",
  "uk": "/ədˈvɑːnst/",
  "us": "/ədˈvænst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "先进的",
    "en": "using highly developed technology or methods"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "高级的；高阶的",
    "en": "requiring knowledge or skills beyond a basic level"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "后期的；晚期的",
    "en": "having reached a late stage of development or progress"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This advanced camera takes clear pictures even at night.",
    "zh": "这台先进的相机即使在夜间也能拍出清晰的照片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advanced medical technology can improve patient outcomes, but its high cost may increase inequalities in healthcare access.",
    "zh": "先进的医疗技术可以改善治疗效果，但其高昂成本可能加剧医疗服务获取方面的不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "advanced technology｜先进技术",
   "advanced learners｜高阶学习者",
   "at an advanced stage｜处于后期阶段",
   "advanced level｜高级水平"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "advance (v.)",
   "advance (n.)",
   "advancement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sophisticated",
   "high-level"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "basic",
   "elementary"
  ],
  "tip": "advanced表示先进或高级；预先通知用advance notice。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "advanced"
 },
 {
  "w": "earphone",
  "uk": "/ˈɪəfəʊn/",
  "us": "/ˈɪrfoʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "耳机；耳塞式耳机",
    "en": "A small device worn in or over an ear for listening"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One earphone fell out while I was jogging.",
    "zh": "我慢跑时，一只耳机掉了出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students using earphones in shared study spaces can listen to educational recordings without disturbing others.",
    "zh": "学生在公共自习空间使用耳机，可以收听教学录音而不打扰他人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of earphones｜一副耳机",
   "wireless earphones｜无线耳机",
   "wear earphones｜戴耳机"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常用复数earphones；一副耳机用a pair of。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "earphone"
 },
 {
  "w": "mayor",
  "uk": "/meə/",
  "us": "/ˈmeɪər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "市长；镇长",
    "en": "The official who leads or represents a city or town"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mayor opened our new swimming pool yesterday.",
    "zh": "市长昨天为我们的新游泳馆主持了启用仪式。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The newly elected mayor has promised to improve public transport and create more affordable housing for residents.",
    "zh": "新当选的市长承诺改善公共交通，并为居民提供更多可负担住房。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "elect a mayor｜选举市长",
   "the mayor of a city｜一座城市的市长",
   "deputy mayor｜副市长",
   "run for mayor｜竞选市长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mayoral (adj.)",
   "mayoralty (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mayor是市长，别与major（主要的）混淆。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mayor"
 },
 {
  "w": "poison",
  "uk": "/ˈpɔɪzən/",
  "us": "/ˈpɔɪzən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "毒物；毒药",
    "en": "A substance that can seriously harm or kill living things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使中毒；污染",
    "en": "Harm living things or contaminate something with a toxic substance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "破坏；毒化",
    "en": "Make a relationship or situation unpleasant or harmful."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Some garden plants contain poison, so keep pets away.",
    "zh": "有些园艺植物含有毒素，因此要让宠物远离。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Toxic waste from poorly regulated factories can poison rivers, threatening wildlife and the health of nearby communities.",
    "zh": "监管不力的工厂排出的有毒废物可能污染河流，威胁野生动物和附近居民的健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contain poison｜含有毒素",
   "poison the water supply｜污染供水",
   "poisoning prevention｜中毒预防",
   "poison relations｜破坏关系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "poisonous (adj.)",
   "poisoning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "toxin"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "poison 是名词或动词；“有毒的”用 poisonous。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "poison"
 },
 {
  "w": "code",
  "uk": "/kəʊd/",
  "us": "/koʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "代码；密码；编码",
    "en": "Symbols or instructions representing information, including instructions for computers"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行为准则；规范",
    "en": "A set of rules governing behaviour or practice"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "编写程序；编码",
    "en": "Write computer instructions or convert information into a coded form"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I forgot the code for my bicycle lock again.",
    "zh": "我又忘了自行车锁的密码。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching students to write code can strengthen problem-solving skills and prepare them for a changing job market.",
    "zh": "教学生编写代码可以增强解决问题的能力，帮助他们适应不断变化的就业市场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write code｜编写代码",
   "access code｜访问密码",
   "code of conduct｜行为准则",
   "dress code｜着装规定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coding (n.)",
   "coder (n.)",
   "encode (v.)",
   "decode (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "程序代码通常不可数；一组密码可说a code。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "code"
 },
 {
  "w": "slide",
  "uk": "/slaɪd/",
  "us": "/slaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "滑动；使滑行",
    "en": "to move smoothly across a surface without lifting"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "幻灯片",
    "en": "a single image or page shown during a presentation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "滑梯",
    "en": "a sloping structure that children slide down"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She slid the plate across the table towards me.",
    "zh": "她把盘子沿着桌面推滑到我面前。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can use a carefully designed slide to explain complex scientific processes more clearly.",
    "zh": "教师可以用精心设计的幻灯片更清楚地解释复杂的科学过程。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "slide across｜滑过",
   "slide into｜滑入",
   "presentation slide｜演示幻灯片",
   "go down a slide｜滑滑梯"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sliding (adj.)",
   "slider (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词过去式和过去分词均为slid。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slide"
 },
 {
  "w": "maximum",
  "uk": "/ˈmæksɪməm/",
  "us": "/ˈmæksɪməm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最大的；最多的；最高的",
    "en": "being the greatest amount or level possible or allowed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "最大值；上限",
    "en": "the greatest amount or level possible or allowed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This lift has a maximum capacity of eight people.",
    "zh": "这部电梯最多可容纳八人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should set maximum limits on industrial emissions to protect public health and improve air quality.",
    "zh": "政府应对工业排放设定上限，以保护公众健康并改善空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "maximum capacity｜最大容量",
   "maximum speed｜最高速度",
   "a maximum of｜最多",
   "reach the maximum｜达到上限"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "maximise (v.)",
   "maximisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "minimum"
  ],
  "tip": "a maximum of表示“最多”；反义词是minimum。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "maximum"
 },
 {
  "w": "saving",
  "uk": "/ˈseɪvɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈseɪvɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "节省；节省的金额",
    "en": "a reduction in the money, time, or resources used"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "储蓄；存款",
    "en": "money kept rather than spent, usually for future needs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Buying a monthly pass gave me a useful saving.",
    "zh": "买月票让我省下了一笔实用的开支。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in efficient heating systems can produce significant energy savings for households over the long term.",
    "zh": "从长远来看，投资高效供暖系统能显著降低家庭能耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a saving｜节省开支",
   "energy savings｜节能量",
   "life savings｜毕生积蓄",
   "savings account｜储蓄账户"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "save (v.)",
   "saver (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示积蓄通常用复数savings；节省可用单数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "saving"
 },
 {
  "w": "champion",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃæmpiən/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃæmpiən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冠军",
    "en": "a person or team that wins a competition"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拥护者；捍卫者",
    "en": "someone who strongly supports a cause or group"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "支持；捍卫",
    "en": "to actively support or defend a cause or person"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new champion lifted her trophy with both hands.",
    "zh": "新冠军双手举起了奖杯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local organisations can champion affordable housing by working with residents and presenting practical proposals to councils.",
    "zh": "地方组织可以与居民合作，向地方议会提交切实可行的提案，推动提供可负担住房。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "world champion｜世界冠军",
   "defending champion｜卫冕冠军",
   "a champion of equality｜平等的拥护者",
   "champion a cause｜支持一项事业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "championship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词直接接宾语：champion a cause。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "champion"
 },
 {
  "w": "torch",
  "uk": "/tɔːtʃ/",
  "us": "/tɔːrtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手电筒",
    "en": "A small electric light carried in the hand."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "火把；火炬",
    "en": "A stick with burning material at one end, providing light."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I used a torch to find my missing keys.",
    "zh": "我用手电筒寻找丢失的钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hikers should carry a torch and spare batteries when exploring remote areas after sunset.",
    "zh": "徒步者在日落后探索偏远地区时，应携带手电筒和备用电池。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "switch on a torch｜打开手电筒",
   "a torch beam｜手电筒的光束",
   "carry a torch｜携带火把",
   "a flaming torch｜燃烧的火炬"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "flashlight"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "手电筒英式叫torch，美式叫flashlight。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "torch"
 },
 {
  "w": "crack",
  "uk": "/kræk/",
  "us": "/kræk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "裂缝；裂纹",
    "en": "A narrow break in a surface or solid object"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "裂开；使破裂",
    "en": "Break or cause something to break without completely separating"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "清脆的爆裂声",
    "en": "A sudden sharp sound, like something breaking"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There's a thin crack across my favourite blue mug.",
    "zh": "我最喜欢的蓝色杯子上有一道细细的裂纹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers discovered a crack in the bridge during a routine inspection and recommended immediate repairs.",
    "zh": "工程师在例行检查中发现桥梁有一道裂缝，并建议立即维修。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a crack in the wall｜墙上的裂缝",
   "crack an egg｜打破鸡蛋",
   "a loud crack｜响亮的爆裂声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cracked (adj.)",
   "cracking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "split"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "crack常指裂而未碎；shatter强调碎成许多片。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crack"
 },
 {
  "w": "payment",
  "uk": "/ˈpeɪmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈpeɪmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "付款；支付",
    "en": "the act of giving money for something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "支付的款项",
    "en": "an amount of money paid or due to be paid"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop accepts payment by card or cash.",
    "zh": "这家商店接受刷卡或现金付款。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital payment systems can make everyday transactions more convenient, but they may exclude people without internet access.",
    "zh": "数字支付系统能让日常交易更便捷，但可能将无法上网的人排除在外。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a payment｜付款",
   "payment in advance｜预付款",
   "monthly payment｜每月付款额",
   "payment method｜支付方式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pay (v.)",
   "payable (adj.)",
   "payer (n.)",
   "repayment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "支付行为通常不可数；一笔款项可用a payment。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "payment"
 },
 {
  "w": "cheerful",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃɪəfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃɪrfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "快乐的；乐观的",
    "en": "Feeling or showing happiness and a positive attitude."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人愉快的；明快的",
    "en": "Making a place or experience feel bright and pleasant."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our cheerful neighbour waved as we left the house.",
    "zh": "我们出门时，开朗的邻居向我们挥了挥手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A cheerful classroom atmosphere can encourage younger learners to participate more actively in group discussions.",
    "zh": "愉快的课堂氛围能鼓励年幼的学习者更积极地参与小组讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cheerful smile｜愉快的笑容",
   "cheerful mood｜愉悦的心情",
   "cheerful atmosphere｜欢快的氛围"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cheer (v.)",
   "cheerfully (adv.)",
   "cheerfulness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "happy",
   "upbeat"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "gloomy",
   "miserable"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容人心情开朗，也可形容环境明快。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cheerful"
 },
 {
  "w": "preposition",
  "uk": "/ˌprepəˈzɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌprepəˈzɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "介词",
    "en": "a word showing relationships, such as location, direction, or time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher used a toy rabbit to explain each preposition.",
    "zh": "老师用一只玩具兔来解释每个介词。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing the correct preposition helps language learners express relationships between ideas more precisely in academic writing.",
    "zh": "选择正确的介词有助于语言学习者在学术写作中更准确地表达观点之间的关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a preposition of place｜地点介词",
   "a preposition of time｜时间介词",
   "prepositional phrase｜介词短语"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prepositional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "介词后通常接名词、代词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "preposition"
 },
 {
  "w": "terrified",
  "uk": "/ˈterɪfaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈterəfaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极度害怕的；惊恐的",
    "en": "Feeling extremely afraid."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was terrified when thunder shook the windows last night.",
    "zh": "昨晚雷声震得窗户发抖时，我吓坏了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who are terrified of public speaking may benefit from practising presentations in small, supportive groups.",
    "zh": "极度害怕公开演讲的学生，可以通过在互相支持的小组中练习展示而受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "terrified of｜极度害怕",
   "terrified at the thought of｜一想到就惊恐",
   "absolutely terrified｜吓坏了"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "terrify (v.)",
   "terrifying (adj.)",
   "terror (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "frightened",
   "petrified"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unafraid"
  ],
  "tip": "人感到害怕用terrified；事物吓人用terrifying。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "terrified"
 },
 {
  "w": "row",
  "uk": "/rəʊ/",
  "us": "/roʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一排；一行",
    "en": "people or things arranged in a straight line"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "划船",
    "en": "to move a boat through water using oars"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "争吵；吵闹",
    "en": "a noisy argument or loud disturbance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found two empty seats in the front row.",
    "zh": "我们在前排找到了两个空座位。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting a row of trees beside busy roads can help reduce noise and improve local air quality.",
    "zh": "在繁忙道路旁种植一排树木，有助于降低噪声并改善当地空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in a row｜排成一排；连续",
   "front row｜前排",
   "row a boat｜划船",
   "have a row｜吵架"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rower (n.)",
   "rowing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“排、划船”读/rəʊ/；“争吵”英美均读/raʊ/。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "row"
 },
 {
  "w": "earthquake",
  "uk": "/ˈɜːθkweɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈɜːrθkweɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地震",
    "en": "Sudden shaking of the ground caused by movement beneath Earth's surface."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The earthquake made the cups rattle on our kitchen shelf.",
    "zh": "地震使厨房架子上的杯子碰得咯咯作响。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strict building regulations can significantly reduce the risk of injury when an earthquake strikes a densely populated city.",
    "zh": "当地震袭击人口稠密的城市时，严格的建筑法规可以显著降低人员受伤的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a powerful earthquake｜强烈地震",
   "an earthquake strikes｜地震发生",
   "earthquake damage｜地震造成的破坏",
   "earthquake zone｜地震带"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "quake"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；表示发生地震可说an earthquake strikes。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "earthquake"
 },
 {
  "w": "tax",
  "uk": "/tæks/",
  "us": "/tæks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "税；税款",
    "en": "Money paid to the government to fund public services."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "对……征税",
    "en": "Require someone to pay money to the government."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使负担沉重；使费尽",
    "en": "Put heavy demands on someone's strength or abilities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tax on my monthly salary has gone up.",
    "zh": "我每月工资要缴的税增加了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments can use tax revenue to improve public transport and make healthcare more accessible.",
    "zh": "政府可以利用税收改善公共交通，让医疗服务惠及更多人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "income tax｜所得税",
   "pay tax｜缴税",
   "tax revenue｜税收收入",
   "tax goods｜对商品征税"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "taxation (n.)",
   "taxable (adj.)",
   "taxpayer (n.)",
   "taxing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tax可作名词或动词；taxing常指费力的、累人的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tax"
 },
 {
  "w": "shelter",
  "uk": "/ˈʃeltə/",
  "us": "/ˈʃeltər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "庇护；遮蔽",
    "en": "Protection from danger or bad weather."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "避难所；遮蔽物",
    "en": "A place that provides safety or protection."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "躲避；庇护",
    "en": "To stay somewhere protected, or protect someone from harm."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found shelter under a bridge during the storm.",
    "zh": "暴风雨中，我们躲到一座桥下避雨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should provide temporary shelter for residents whose homes have been damaged by floods.",
    "zh": "地方政府应为房屋遭洪水损坏的居民提供临时住所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take shelter｜躲避",
   "temporary shelter｜临时住所",
   "shelter from the rain｜避雨",
   "animal shelter｜动物收容所"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sheltered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "refuge",
   "protection"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示庇护通常不可数；指具体避难所时可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shelter"
 },
 {
  "w": "fairly",
  "uk": "/ˈfeəli/",
  "us": "/ˈferli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "相当；还算",
    "en": "to a moderate degree, but not very"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "公平地；公正地",
    "en": "in a way that treats people equally and reasonably"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The walk home was fairly short and very pleasant.",
    "zh": "走路回家的路程还算短，一路也很惬意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should distribute resources fairly so that students from disadvantaged backgrounds receive the support they need.",
    "zh": "学校应公平分配资源，让背景不利的学生获得所需的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fairly easy｜还算容易",
   "fairly common｜相当常见",
   "treat people fairly｜公平待人",
   "distribute resources fairly｜公平分配资源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fair (adj.)",
   "fairness (n.)",
   "unfairly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reasonably"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfairly"
  ],
  "tip": "表程度时弱于very；fairly good是还不错，并非极好。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fairly"
 },
 {
  "w": "sense",
  "uk": "/sens/",
  "us": "/sens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "感官；感觉能力",
    "en": "An ability to perceive through sight, hearing, touch, taste, or smell."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "感觉；意识",
    "en": "A feeling or awareness of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "察觉；感觉到",
    "en": "To become aware of something without being directly told."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dogs have a much stronger sense of smell than humans.",
    "zh": "狗的嗅觉比人类灵敏得多。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community gardens can strengthen residents' sense of belonging by creating opportunities for regular social interaction.",
    "zh": "社区花园可以创造日常社交机会，从而增强居民的归属感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sense of smell｜嗅觉",
   "sense of belonging｜归属感",
   "common sense｜常识",
   "make sense｜有道理；讲得通"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sensory (adj.)",
   "sensible (adj.)",
   "sensitive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "make sense指讲得通；make sense of指理解。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sense"
 },
 {
  "w": "tape",
  "uk": "/teɪp/",
  "us": "/teɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胶带",
    "en": "A narrow sticky strip used to attach or seal things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "磁带；录音带",
    "en": "A magnetic strip used to record sound, images, or data."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用胶带粘贴或固定",
    "en": "Attach or secure something using sticky tape."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I sealed the parcel with a strip of tape.",
    "zh": "我用一条胶带封好了包裹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Older interviews stored on magnetic tape should be digitised to preserve valuable records for future historical research.",
    "zh": "保存在磁带上的早期访谈应进行数字化处理，为未来的历史研究保存珍贵记录。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adhesive tape｜胶带",
   "magnetic tape｜磁带",
   "a roll of tape｜一卷胶带",
   "tape measure｜卷尺"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "胶带通常不可数；一卷胶带说a roll of tape。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tape"
 },
 {
  "w": "tunnel",
  "uk": "/ˈtʌnəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtʌnəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "隧道；地下通道",
    "en": "A passage built underground or through a hill."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挖隧道",
    "en": "To dig a passage underground or through something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The train entered a dark tunnel beneath the hill.",
    "zh": "火车驶入了山下的一条漆黑隧道。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building a tunnel under the river could reduce traffic congestion and improve connections between neighbouring districts.",
    "zh": "在河底修建隧道可以缓解交通拥堵，并改善相邻区域之间的交通联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "railway tunnel｜铁路隧道",
   "dig a tunnel｜挖隧道",
   "tunnel through｜挖隧道穿过"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tunnelling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "介词 through 常表示从隧道内部穿过。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tunnel"
 },
 {
  "w": "footpath",
  "uk": "/ˈfʊtpɑːθ/",
  "us": "/ˈfʊtpæθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "步行小径；人行道",
    "en": "A path intended for walking rather than driving."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A narrow footpath leads from our village to the lake.",
    "zh": "一条狭窄的小径从我们村通向湖边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Maintaining rural footpaths encourages outdoor recreation while helping visitors avoid damage to surrounding farmland.",
    "zh": "维护乡村步道既能鼓励户外休闲，也能帮助游客避免破坏周围的农田。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public footpath｜公共步行道",
   "narrow footpath｜狭窄的小径",
   "follow a footpath｜沿小径走"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "path",
   "walkway"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指供步行的小径，不一定紧邻公路。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "footpath"
 },
 {
  "w": "sum",
  "uk": "/sʌm/",
  "us": "/sʌm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金额",
    "en": "an amount of money"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "总和；总数",
    "en": "the total obtained by adding amounts together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "概括；总结",
    "en": "to state the main points, usually with up"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She saved a small sum for a new bicycle.",
    "zh": "她为买一辆新自行车攒了一小笔钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments invest large sums in public transport to reduce congestion and improve urban air quality.",
    "zh": "政府在公共交通上投入巨资，以缓解拥堵并改善城市空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a large sum of money｜一大笔钱",
   "the sum of｜……的总和",
   "sum up｜概括；总结"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "summation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sum up表示总结；一笔钱用a sum of money。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sum"
 },
 {
  "w": "wallpaper",
  "uk": "/ˈwɔːlpeɪpə/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːlpeɪpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "墙纸；壁纸",
    "en": "decorative paper used to cover interior walls"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "屏幕背景图；桌面壁纸",
    "en": "an image displayed behind icons on a screen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给墙贴壁纸",
    "en": "to cover walls with decorative paper"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We chose pale green wallpaper for our small bedroom.",
    "zh": "我们为小卧室选了浅绿色墙纸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing durable wallpaper can reduce the frequency of interior renovations and limit household material waste.",
    "zh": "选择耐用的墙纸可以减少室内翻新的频率，降低家庭材料浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "patterned wallpaper｜带图案的墙纸",
   "a roll of wallpaper｜一卷墙纸",
   "hang wallpaper｜贴墙纸",
   "desktop wallpaper｜桌面壁纸"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wallpaper通常不可数；一卷用a roll of wallpaper。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wallpaper"
 },
 {
  "w": "spread",
  "uk": "/spred/",
  "us": "/spred/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "传播；蔓延",
    "en": "To reach, or make something reach, more people or places"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "展开；摊开；涂抹",
    "en": "To open something out or cover a surface with something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "传播；扩散",
    "en": "The process of reaching a wider area or more people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She spread a blanket under the tree for our picnic.",
    "zh": "她在树下铺了一条毯子，供我们野餐用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The rapid spread of false information online highlights the importance of teaching critical reading skills in schools.",
    "zh": "虚假信息在网上迅速传播，凸显了学校教授批判性阅读技能的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spread awareness｜提高公众意识",
   "spread rapidly｜迅速传播",
   "spread butter｜涂黄油",
   "the spread of disease｜疾病的传播"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为spread。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spread"
 },
 {
  "w": "undress",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈdres/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈdres/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "脱衣服；给某人脱衣服",
    "en": "To take off your own clothes or someone else's clothes."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I undressed behind the curtain and put on pyjamas.",
    "zh": "我在帘子后脱下衣服，换上睡衣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Healthcare staff should provide private spaces where patients can undress comfortably before a physical examination.",
    "zh": "医护人员应提供私密空间，让患者在体检前安心脱衣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get undressed｜脱掉衣服",
   "undress for bed｜脱衣就寝"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dress (v.)",
   "undressed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "dress"
  ],
  "tip": "undress可不接宾语；脱某件衣服用take off。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "undress"
 },
 {
  "w": "scene",
  "uk": "/siːn/",
  "us": "/siːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "场面；景象",
    "en": "a view or situation that you see"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "事发现场",
    "en": "the place where an event happens"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一场戏；片段",
    "en": "a short part of a play or film"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children playing by the lake made a peaceful scene.",
    "zh": "孩子们在湖边玩耍，构成了一幅宁静的画面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The film's opening scene highlights the challenges faced by families living in crowded urban neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "影片的开场片段突出了居住在拥挤城市社区的家庭面临的挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a peaceful scene｜宁静的景象",
   "at the scene｜在现场",
   "opening scene｜开场片段",
   "behind the scenes｜在幕后"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scenery (n.)",
   "scenic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "scene可数；scenery指整体风景，不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scene"
 },
 {
  "w": "passion",
  "uk": "/ˈpæʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈpæʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "热爱；强烈兴趣",
    "en": "a very strong enthusiasm for an activity or subject"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "激情；强烈情感",
    "en": "a powerful feeling, especially love or anger"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her passion for baking fills our kitchen with delicious smells.",
    "zh": "她对烘焙的热爱让我们的厨房总是香气四溢。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers who share their passion for science can inspire students to pursue careers in research.",
    "zh": "教师分享自己对科学的热爱，能够激励学生投身科研事业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a passion for music｜对音乐的热爱",
   "develop a passion for｜逐渐热爱",
   "pursue your passion｜追求热爱之事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "passionate (adj.)",
   "passionately (adv.)",
   "dispassionate (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enthusiasm",
   "ardour"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "apathy"
  ],
  "tip": "表达对某事的热爱，用a passion for。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "passion"
 },
 {
  "w": "revision",
  "uk": "/rɪˈvɪʒən/",
  "us": "/rɪˈvɪʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "复习；温习",
    "en": "Studying material again to prepare for an examination"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "修改；修订",
    "en": "The process or result of changing something to improve it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I do my revision at the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "我在厨房的餐桌旁复习。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular revision helps students retain knowledge more effectively than studying intensively just before an examination.",
    "zh": "定期复习比考前突击学习更能帮助学生牢固掌握知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "do revision｜进行复习",
   "revision timetable｜复习时间表",
   "major revision｜重大修订"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "revise (v.)",
   "revised (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复习义主要用于英式英语；美式常用review。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "revision"
 },
 {
  "w": "escalator",
  "uk": "/ˈeskəleɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈeskəleɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自动扶梯",
    "en": "moving stairs that carry people between floors"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Hold the handrail while you ride the escalator upstairs.",
    "zh": "乘自动扶梯上楼时，请扶好扶手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although escalators improve passenger flow in stations, lifts are essential for travellers who use wheelchairs.",
    "zh": "尽管自动扶梯能改善车站的客流通行情况，但对使用轮椅的旅客而言，电梯必不可少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take the escalator｜乘自动扶梯",
   "an upward escalator｜上行自动扶梯",
   "escalator handrail｜自动扶梯扶手"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "escalator是自动扶梯；lift是厢式电梯。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "escalator"
 },
 {
  "w": "generally",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒenrəli/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒenrəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "通常；一般地",
    "en": "In most cases or at most times."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "普遍地；广泛地",
    "en": "By most people or across most places."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I generally walk to work unless it rains.",
    "zh": "除非下雨，否则我通常步行上班。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport is generally more energy-efficient than private cars, especially when services carry large numbers of passengers.",
    "zh": "公共交通通常比私家车更节能，尤其是在载客量较大的情况下。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "generally speaking｜一般来说",
   "generally accepted｜普遍接受的",
   "generally regarded as｜普遍被视为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "general (adj.)",
   "generalise (v.)",
   "generalisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "usually",
   "normally"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "generally表示多数情况，并非毫无例外；句首可用generally speaking。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "generally"
 },
 {
  "w": "pile",
  "uk": "/paɪl/",
  "us": "/paɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "堆；一堆东西",
    "en": "Objects placed together, often one on top of another."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "堆放；堆积",
    "en": "To put things together in a heap."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A pile of dirty dishes filled the sink.",
    "zh": "一堆脏餐具塞满了水槽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When waste collection services are inadequate, piles of rubbish can threaten public health in densely populated neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "垃圾清运服务不足时，成堆的垃圾可能威胁人口密集社区的公共卫生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pile of books｜一堆书",
   "pile up｜堆积起来",
   "pile plates on a table｜把盘子堆在桌上"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "heap",
   "stack"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a pile of后接所堆之物；pile up表示积聚。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pile"
 },
 {
  "w": "flashlight",
  "uk": "/ˈflæʃlaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈflæʃlaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手电筒",
    "en": "A small portable electric light powered by batteries."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She used a flashlight to look under the bed.",
    "zh": "她用手电筒照着查看床底。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Households should keep a flashlight readily available to improve safety during unexpected power cuts.",
    "zh": "家庭应将手电筒放在随手可取的地方，以提高突发停电时的安全性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "turn on a flashlight｜打开手电筒",
   "shine a flashlight｜用手电筒照射",
   "flashlight beam｜手电筒的光束"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "torch"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "手电筒的美式说法；英式通常用torch。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flashlight"
 },
 {
  "w": "handkerchief",
  "uk": "/ˈhæŋkətʃɪf/",
  "us": "/ˈhæŋkərtʃɪf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手帕",
    "en": "A small cloth used for wiping your nose or face."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She pulled a clean handkerchief from her coat pocket.",
    "zh": "她从外套口袋里掏出一块干净的手帕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using a washable handkerchief instead of disposable tissues can reduce everyday household waste.",
    "zh": "使用可清洗的手帕代替一次性纸巾，可以减少日常生活垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a clean handkerchief｜干净的手帕",
   "a cotton handkerchief｜棉手帕",
   "a pocket handkerchief｜口袋手帕"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "hanky"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指擦脸、擦鼻子的手帕，一般不指头巾。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "handkerchief"
 },
 {
  "w": "automatic",
  "uk": "/ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自动的",
    "en": "Working by itself without direct human control."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不自觉的；无意识的",
    "en": "Done without conscious thought or deliberate effort."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "必然发生的",
    "en": "Happening as a direct result without a separate decision."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The automatic doors opened as I approached the supermarket.",
    "zh": "我走近超市时，自动门打开了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Automatic lighting systems can reduce energy consumption by switching off when nobody is present in a room.",
    "zh": "自动照明系统能在房间无人时关闭灯光，从而降低能耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "automatic doors｜自动门",
   "automatic response｜本能反应",
   "automatic renewal｜自动续期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "automatically (adv.)",
   "automate (v.)",
   "automation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "manual"
  ],
  "tip": "可指机器自动运作，也可指人未经思考的反应。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "automatic"
 },
 {
  "w": "keen",
  "uk": "/kiːn/",
  "us": "/kiːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "热衷的；渴望的",
    "en": "very interested in something or eager to do it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "敏锐的",
    "en": "quick to notice or understand things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "激烈的；强烈的",
    "en": "very strong or intense"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leila is keen to join our weekend hiking group.",
    "zh": "莱拉很想加入我们的周末徒步小组。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who are keen on science benefit from practical experiments that connect theory with everyday experience.",
    "zh": "热爱科学的学生能从将理论与日常经验相结合的实践实验中受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keen to learn｜渴望学习",
   "keen on sport｜热衷运动",
   "a keen eye for detail｜敏锐的细节观察力",
   "keen competition｜激烈的竞争"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "keenly (adv.)",
   "keenness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "eager",
   "enthusiastic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uninterested"
  ],
  "tip": "keen on后接名词或动名词；keen to后接动词原形。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "keen"
 },
 {
  "w": "shell",
  "uk": "/ʃel/",
  "us": "/ʃel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "壳；贝壳",
    "en": "A hard outer covering protecting an animal, egg, or nut."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "剥壳；去壳",
    "en": "To remove the hard outer covering of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "炮弹",
    "en": "An explosive object fired from a large gun."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She found a tiny crab inside the empty shell.",
    "zh": "她在空贝壳里发现了一只小螃蟹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising ocean acidity can weaken the shells of marine animals, threatening their survival and wider ecosystems.",
    "zh": "海洋酸度上升会削弱海洋动物的外壳，威胁其生存以及更广泛的生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a hard shell｜坚硬的外壳",
   "an empty shell｜空壳",
   "shell peas｜剥豌豆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shellfish (n.)",
   "shelled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "shell作动词可指剥壳；shell peas是剥豌豆。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shell"
 },
 {
  "w": "ink",
  "uk": "/ɪŋk/",
  "us": "/ɪŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "墨水；油墨",
    "en": "coloured liquid used for writing, drawing or printing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给…上墨",
    "en": "to apply ink to a surface"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Blue ink leaked from my pen onto my sleeve.",
    "zh": "蓝色墨水从钢笔里漏出来，沾到了我的袖子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can reduce their environmental impact by using less paper and choosing refillable ink cartridges.",
    "zh": "学校可以通过减少纸张用量和选择可填充墨盒来降低对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in ink｜用墨水",
   "ink cartridge｜墨盒",
   "printing ink｜印刷油墨",
   "run out of ink｜墨水用完"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inky (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ink作名词通常不可数；“用墨水写”用in ink。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ink"
 },
 {
  "w": "expression",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspreʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspreʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "表达；表示",
    "en": "The act of showing thoughts or feelings through words or actions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "表情；神色",
    "en": "The look on someone's face that reveals feelings."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "词语；说法",
    "en": "A word or phrase with a particular meaning."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He sent flowers as an expression of his gratitude.",
    "zh": "他送了花来表达谢意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should encourage creative expression by giving students regular opportunities to explore music, drama, and visual arts.",
    "zh": "学校应定期让学生接触音乐、戏剧和视觉艺术，以鼓励创造性表达。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "freedom of expression｜表达自由",
   "facial expression｜面部表情",
   "an expression of gratitude｜感谢的表示",
   "idiomatic expression｜惯用语"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "express (v.)",
   "expressive (adj.)",
   "expressively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“表情、说法”时可数；表示“表达”时常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expression"
 },
 {
  "w": "string",
  "uk": "/strɪŋ/",
  "us": "/strɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "细绳；线",
    "en": "Thin cord used for tying or fastening things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "琴弦",
    "en": "A stretched wire or thread that produces musical sounds."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一串；一连串",
    "en": "A series of connected things or events."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I tied the parcel with a piece of string.",
    "zh": "我用一根细绳把包裹绑好了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A string of successful conservation projects has demonstrated the value of involving local communities in environmental protection.",
    "zh": "一系列成功的自然保护项目证明了让当地社区参与环境保护的价值。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a piece of string｜一根细绳",
   "guitar strings｜吉他弦",
   "a string of successes｜一连串成功",
   "tie with string｜用细绳捆绑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stringy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cord"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "绳线通常不可数；琴弦及a string of中的string可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "string"
 },
 {
  "w": "profit",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒfɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːfɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "利润；盈利",
    "en": "Money earned after paying the costs of a business."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "获利；受益",
    "en": "To gain money or an advantage from something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery made a small profit this month.",
    "zh": "这家面包店这个月赚了一点钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies should invest part of their profit in cleaner technology to reduce environmental damage.",
    "zh": "企业应将部分利润投入更清洁的技术，以减少环境损害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a profit｜盈利",
   "net profit｜净利润",
   "profit margin｜利润率",
   "profit from｜从……中获益"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "profitable (adj.)",
   "profitability (n.)",
   "profitably (adv.)",
   "unprofitable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "loss"
  ],
  "tip": "profit是扣除成本后的利润，不等于收入revenue。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "profit"
 },
 {
  "w": "embarrassed",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈbærəst/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈbærəst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "尴尬的；难为情的",
    "en": "Feeling uncomfortable or ashamed about something others notice."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt embarrassed when my phone rang during dinner.",
    "zh": "吃饭时手机响了，我感到很尴尬。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may feel embarrassed about making mistakes, so teachers should create a supportive classroom environment.",
    "zh": "学生可能因犯错而感到难为情，因此教师应营造支持性的课堂环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel embarrassed｜感到尴尬",
   "embarrassed about｜因……而难为情",
   "too embarrassed to ask｜难为情而不敢问"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "embarrass (v.)",
   "embarrassing (adj.)",
   "embarrassment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "self-conscious",
   "ashamed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unembarrassed"
  ],
  "tip": "人感到尴尬用embarrassed；事令人尴尬用embarrassing。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "embarrassed"
 },
 {
  "w": "excite",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈsaɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使兴奋；使激动",
    "en": "to make someone feel enthusiastic and eager"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "激起；引发",
    "en": "to cause a particular feeling or reaction"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Trips to the seaside always excite my younger sister.",
    "zh": "去海边玩总能让我妹妹兴奋不已。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Interactive science exhibitions can excite young visitors and encourage them to explore scientific ideas independently.",
    "zh": "互动式科学展览能让年轻参观者兴奋起来，并鼓励他们自主探索科学概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "excite interest｜引起兴趣",
   "excite curiosity｜激起好奇心",
   "excite the imagination｜激发想象力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "excited (adj.)",
   "exciting (adj.)",
   "excitement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thrill",
   "stimulate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "bore"
  ],
  "tip": "人感到兴奋用excited；事物令人兴奋用exciting。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "excite"
 },
 {
  "w": "cruel",
  "uk": "/ˈkruːəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkruːəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "残忍的；刻薄的",
    "en": "Causing suffering without caring about others' feelings."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人痛苦的；无情的",
    "en": "Causing great suffering or disappointment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was cruel to laugh at her mistake.",
    "zh": "嘲笑她的错误很刻薄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should address cruel behaviour early to ensure that every child feels safe and respected.",
    "zh": "学校应及早处理伤害他人的行为，确保每个孩子都感到安全并受到尊重。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be cruel to animals｜虐待动物",
   "a cruel remark｜刻薄的话",
   "a cruel blow｜沉重的打击"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cruelty (n.)",
   "cruelly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unkind",
   "heartless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "kind",
   "compassionate"
  ],
  "tip": "表示对某人或动物残忍，用be cruel to。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cruel"
 },
 {
  "w": "atlas",
  "uk": "/ˈætləs/",
  "us": "/ˈætləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地图册",
    "en": "A book containing maps of the world or particular regions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We opened the atlas to find a mountain range.",
    "zh": "我们打开地图册，寻找一条山脉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although digital maps are convenient, a printed atlas helps students compare geographical patterns across entire continents.",
    "zh": "虽然电子地图很方便，纸质地图册仍有助于学生比较整个大陆范围内的地理分布特征。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "world atlas｜世界地图册",
   "historical atlas｜历史地图集",
   "road atlas｜公路地图册"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "atlas是成册的地图；复数为atlases。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "atlas"
 },
 {
  "w": "hike",
  "uk": "/haɪk/",
  "us": "/haɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "远足；徒步旅行",
    "en": "A long walk, usually through the countryside or mountains."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "远足；徒步旅行",
    "en": "To walk a long distance, especially in natural surroundings."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大幅上涨",
    "en": "A large increase in a price, cost, or rate."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our weekend hike ended beside a clear mountain lake.",
    "zh": "我们周末的徒步旅行在一片清澈的山间湖泊旁结束。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A sharp hike in public transport fares could discourage commuters from choosing buses over private cars.",
    "zh": "公共交通票价大幅上涨可能会降低通勤者选择公交车而非私家车的意愿。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go for a hike｜去远足",
   "mountain hike｜山地徒步",
   "price hike｜价格大幅上涨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hiking (n.)",
   "hiker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "trek"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hike通常指较长的户外步行，也可指价格猛涨。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hike"
 },
 {
  "w": "chick",
  "uk": "/tʃɪk/",
  "us": "/tʃɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小鸡；雏鸟",
    "en": "A baby bird, especially a young chicken."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A yellow chick followed the hen across the yard.",
    "zh": "一只黄色小鸡跟着母鸡穿过院子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Conservation teams monitor each newly hatched chick to assess whether habitat restoration is improving breeding success.",
    "zh": "保护团队监测每只刚孵化的雏鸟，以评估栖息地修复是否提高了繁殖成功率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "newly hatched chick｜刚孵化的雏鸟",
   "day-old chick｜一日龄雏鸡",
   "rear chicks｜饲养雏鸟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chicken (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hatchling"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不只指小鸡，也可指其他鸟的幼鸟。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chick"
 },
 {
  "w": "stock",
  "uk": "/stɒk/",
  "us": "/stɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "库存；储备",
    "en": "Goods available for sale or supplies kept for future use."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "股票；股份",
    "en": "Shares representing ownership in a company."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "备有；供应；储存",
    "en": "To keep goods available for sale or use."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop has fresh stock arriving early tomorrow morning.",
    "zh": "这家店明天一早会有新货到店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small retailers often struggle to maintain sufficient stock when transport disruptions delay deliveries from major suppliers.",
    "zh": "当运输中断导致主要供应商延迟交货时，小型零售商往往难以维持充足库存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in stock｜有现货",
   "out of stock｜缺货",
   "the stock market｜股票市场",
   "stock up on food｜囤积食物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stockist (n.)",
   "restock (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "库存通常不可数；表示不同公司的股票时可用stocks。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stock"
 },
 {
  "w": "stranger",
  "uk": "/ˈstreɪndʒə/",
  "us": "/ˈstreɪndʒər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陌生人",
    "en": "someone you do not know"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "初到某地的人；外来者",
    "en": "someone unfamiliar with a particular place or community"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A kind stranger helped me carry my heavy suitcase.",
    "zh": "一位好心的陌生人帮我提了沉重的行李箱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community events can encourage residents to interact with strangers and develop a stronger sense of belonging.",
    "zh": "社区活动可以鼓励居民与陌生人交流，增强归属感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complete stranger｜完全不认识的人",
   "stranger to the area｜初到这一地区的人",
   "no stranger to｜对……并不陌生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "strange (adj.)",
   "strangely (adv.)",
   "strangeness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "acquaintance"
  ],
  "tip": "stranger是陌生人，不等于foreigner外国人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stranger"
 },
 {
  "w": "election",
  "uk": "/ɪˈlekʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪˈlekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "选举",
    "en": "a process in which people vote to choose representatives"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "当选",
    "en": "the act of being chosen for a position by voting"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our club is holding an election for its next chair.",
    "zh": "我们俱乐部正在举行选举，选出下一任主席。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A fair election requires transparent procedures and equal opportunities for candidates to present their policies.",
    "zh": "公平的选举需要透明的程序，并让候选人有平等机会介绍其政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hold an election｜举行选举",
   "general election｜大选",
   "election campaign｜竞选活动",
   "win an election｜赢得选举"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "elect (v.)",
   "electoral (adj.)",
   "electorate (n.)",
   "elector (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "elect强调投票选出；select泛指挑选。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "election"
 },
 {
  "w": "shadow",
  "uk": "/ˈʃædəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈʃædoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "影子；阴影",
    "en": "A dark shape or area where something blocks light."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "跟随观察；跟岗学习",
    "en": "To follow someone closely, often to learn about their work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cat chased its shadow across the sunny kitchen floor.",
    "zh": "猫在阳光照着的厨房地板上追逐自己的影子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Allowing students to shadow experienced nurses can help them understand the practical demands of a healthcare career.",
    "zh": "让学生跟随经验丰富的护士学习，有助于他们了解医疗职业的实际要求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cast a shadow｜投下影子",
   "in the shadows｜在暗处",
   "job shadowing｜跟岗学习"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shadowy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "shadow指具体影子；shade多指遮阳的阴凉处。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shadow"
 },
 {
  "w": "drug",
  "uk": "/drʌɡ/",
  "us": "/drʌɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "药物",
    "en": "A substance used to prevent or treat illness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "毒品",
    "en": "A substance taken for its effects on mind or body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给…下药",
    "en": "To give someone a substance that makes them unconscious or weak."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor prescribed a drug to ease her pain.",
    "zh": "医生开了一种药来缓解她的疼痛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "New drug development requires extensive testing to ensure that treatments are both safe and effective.",
    "zh": "新药研发需要进行大量测试，以确保治疗既安全又有效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prescription drug｜处方药",
   "drug development｜药物研发",
   "drug abuse｜毒品滥用",
   "drug resistance｜耐药性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drugged (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "medicine",
   "medication"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指治病的药，也可指毒品，须看语境。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drug"
 },
 {
  "w": "alcoholic",
  "uk": "/ˌælkəˈhɒlɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌælkəˈhɑːlɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "含酒精的",
    "en": "Containing alcohol."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "酒精依赖的；酒精引起的",
    "en": "Affected by alcohol dependence, or caused by alcohol."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酒精依赖者",
    "en": "A person who is dependent on alcohol."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The waiter asked whether we wanted any alcoholic drinks.",
    "zh": "服务员问我们是否需要含酒精的饮品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear information about alcoholic beverages can help consumers understand health risks and make more informed choices.",
    "zh": "关于酒精饮品的清晰信息可以帮助消费者了解健康风险，并作出更明智的选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "alcoholic drinks｜含酒精饮品",
   "alcoholic beverages｜酒精饮料",
   "alcoholic liver disease｜酒精性肝病"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "alcohol (n.)",
   "alcoholism (n.)",
   "non-alcoholic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "non-alcoholic"
  ],
  "tip": "指人时宜用person with alcohol dependence，更尊重。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alcoholic"
 },
 {
  "w": "grain",
  "uk": "/ɡreɪn/",
  "us": "/ɡreɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谷物；粮食",
    "en": "seeds of crops such as wheat, used as food"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "颗粒；细粒",
    "en": "a very small hard piece of a substance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "木材纹理",
    "en": "the natural pattern of lines in wood"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer stored the grain in a dry barn.",
    "zh": "农民把粮食存放在干燥的谷仓里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing grain requires reliable water supplies, which are increasingly threatened by drought in many agricultural regions.",
    "zh": "种植谷物需要可靠的供水，而许多农业地区的供水正日益受到干旱的威胁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "whole grain｜全谷物",
   "a grain of sand｜一粒沙",
   "wood grain｜木纹"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grainy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "grain指粮食通常不可数；指单颗谷粒或细粒可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grain"
 },
 {
  "w": "unfair",
  "uk": "/ˌʌnˈfeə/",
  "us": "/ˌʌnˈfer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不公平的；不公正的",
    "en": "not treating people equally or reasonably"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It seems unfair that I always wash the dishes.",
    "zh": "总是让我洗碗，这似乎不公平。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unfair hiring practices can prevent qualified applicants from accessing employment opportunities and reduce diversity in the workplace.",
    "zh": "不公平的招聘做法可能使合格的求职者失去就业机会，并降低职场的多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unfair treatment｜不公平待遇",
   "unfair advantage｜不公平的优势",
   "unfair competition｜不公平竞争",
   "unfair to someone｜对某人不公平"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fair (adj.)",
   "unfairly (adv.)",
   "unfairness (n.)",
   "fairness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unjust",
   "inequitable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fair",
   "just"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“对某人不公平”用unfair to someone。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unfair"
 },
 {
  "w": "careless",
  "uk": "/ˈkeələs/",
  "us": "/ˈkerləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "粗心的；不小心的",
    "en": "Not giving enough attention to avoid mistakes or damage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was careless and left my keys in the door.",
    "zh": "我一时粗心，把钥匙留在了门上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Careless disposal of household waste can pollute local waterways and create serious risks for wildlife.",
    "zh": "随意丢弃生活垃圾会污染当地水道，并给野生动物带来严重风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a careless mistake｜粗心造成的错误",
   "careless driving｜疏忽驾驶",
   "careless with money｜花钱不谨慎"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "care (n.)",
   "careful (adj.)",
   "carelessly (adv.)",
   "carelessness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inattentive",
   "negligent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "careful",
   "attentive"
  ],
  "tip": "careless是粗心的；carefree才是无忧无虑的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "careless"
 },
 {
  "w": "detective",
  "uk": "/dɪˈtektɪv/",
  "us": "/dɪˈtektɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "警探；私人侦探",
    "en": "Someone whose job is to investigate crimes or discover facts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The detective found a muddy footprint beside the window.",
    "zh": "警探在窗边发现了一个带泥的脚印。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern detectives increasingly rely on digital evidence, which raises important questions about privacy and data protection.",
    "zh": "现代警探越来越依赖数字证据，这引发了有关隐私和数据保护的重要问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "private detective｜私人侦探",
   "detective work｜侦查工作",
   "detective novel｜侦探小说"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "detect (v.)",
   "detection (n.)",
   "detectable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "investigator"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "detective novel中detective作名词定语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "detective"
 },
 {
  "w": "hundredth",
  "uk": "/ˈhʌndrədθ/",
  "us": "/ˈhʌndrədθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "num.",
    "zh": "第一百",
    "en": "coming after the ninety-ninth in a sequence"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "百分之一",
    "en": "one of a hundred equal parts of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our village celebrated its hundredth anniversary with a picnic.",
    "zh": "我们村举办野餐，庆祝建村一百周年。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The athlete missed the qualifying time by just one hundredth of a second, demonstrating the precision required.",
    "zh": "这名运动员仅差百分之一秒便达到资格标准，可见计时精度要求之高。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the hundredth anniversary｜一百周年",
   "one hundredth of a second｜百分之一秒",
   "for the hundredth time｜第一百次；无数次"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hundred (num.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "序数词指第一百；a hundredth指百分之一。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hundredth"
 },
 {
  "w": "sweep",
  "uk": "/swiːp/",
  "us": "/swiːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "扫；清扫",
    "en": "to clean a surface using a brush or broom"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "迅速席卷；掠过",
    "en": "to move quickly and powerfully across an area"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please sweep the kitchen floor before our guests arrive.",
    "zh": "请在客人到来前把厨房地板扫干净。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Severe storms can sweep across coastal regions, damaging homes and disrupting essential transport services.",
    "zh": "猛烈的风暴可能席卷沿海地区，损坏房屋并扰乱重要的交通服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sweep the floor｜扫地",
   "sweep away｜扫除；冲走",
   "sweep across｜席卷；掠过"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sweeper (n.)",
   "sweeping (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式、过去分词均为 swept。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sweep"
 },
 {
  "w": "proof",
  "uk": "/pruːf/",
  "us": "/pruːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "证明；确凿证据",
    "en": "Facts or information showing that something is true."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "校样",
    "en": "A printed or digital copy checked before final publication."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "能防……的；耐……的",
    "en": "Able to resist damage or effects from something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep your receipt as proof that you paid.",
    "zh": "保留收据，作为你已付款的凭证。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should require clear proof of a treatment's effectiveness before allowing it to be widely marketed.",
    "zh": "政府应要求提供治疗方法有效的明确证据，才允许其大范围上市推广。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "proof of identity｜身份证明",
   "conclusive proof｜确凿证据",
   "burden of proof｜举证责任",
   "proof against｜能抵御……的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prove (v.)",
   "proven (adj.)",
   "provable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "evidence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示证据时通常不可数；数学证明可用a proof。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "proof"
 },
 {
  "w": "rocket",
  "uk": "/ˈrɒkɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈrɑːkɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "火箭",
    "en": "A vehicle driven forward by powerful gases, often into space"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "飞涨；迅速上升",
    "en": "Rise or increase very quickly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the rocket rise above the clouds.",
    "zh": "我们看着火箭升到云层上方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As housing demand continues to grow, rents may rocket in cities with limited space for new development.",
    "zh": "随着住房需求持续增长，新开发空间有限的城市可能出现租金飞涨。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "launch a rocket｜发射火箭",
   "rocket engine｜火箭发动机",
   "prices rocket｜价格飞涨"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词常描述价格等猛涨，比increase语气更强。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rocket"
 },
 {
  "w": "pause",
  "uk": "/pɔːz/",
  "us": "/pɔːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "暂停；停顿",
    "en": "to stop briefly before continuing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "暂停；停顿",
    "en": "a short break in an activity or speech"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She paused at the door to check her bag.",
    "zh": "她在门口停下来检查了一下包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should pause after asking questions to give students enough time to develop their answers.",
    "zh": "教师提问后应稍作停顿，让学生有足够的时间组织答案。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pause for a moment｜稍停片刻",
   "a brief pause｜短暂停顿",
   "pause a video｜暂停视频"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "continue"
  ],
  "tip": "pause指暂时停下，通常暗示还会继续。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pause"
 },
 {
  "w": "literature",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪtrətʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪtərətʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文学；文学作品",
    "en": "Written works valued for their artistic qualities."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文献；资料",
    "en": "Written material about a particular subject."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister studies literature and always recommends wonderful novels.",
    "zh": "我姐姐学文学，总能推荐很棒的小说。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A review of the scientific literature suggests that regular exercise can improve mental health.",
    "zh": "对科学文献的综述表明，经常运动可以改善心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "English literature｜英国文学；英语文学",
   "scientific literature｜科学文献",
   "literature review｜文献综述",
   "children's literature｜儿童文学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "literary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；表示多篇文献时也不用加s。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "literature"
 },
 {
  "w": "translation",
  "uk": "/trænzˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/trænzˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "翻译",
    "en": "The process of expressing meaning in another language."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "译文；译本",
    "en": "A spoken or written version in another language."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This translation of the story is easy to understand.",
    "zh": "这个故事的译文很容易理解。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accurate translation allows researchers from different countries to share findings and collaborate more effectively.",
    "zh": "准确的翻译使不同国家的研究人员能够分享研究结果，并更有效地合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "accurate translation｜准确的翻译",
   "machine translation｜机器翻译",
   "literal translation｜直译",
   "translation into English｜译成英语"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "translate (v.)",
   "translator (n.)",
   "translatable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "翻译成某语言用into；从某语言翻译用from。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "translation"
 },
 {
  "w": "unlikely",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈlaɪkli/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈlaɪkli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不太可能的",
    "en": "Not expected to happen or be true."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "出人意料的；非典型的",
    "en": "Surprising because someone or something does not seem suitable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "With such dark clouds, sunshine seems unlikely this afternoon.",
    "zh": "云层这么黑，今天下午看来不太可能有阳光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport use is unlikely to increase unless services become more reliable and affordable.",
    "zh": "除非服务变得更可靠、票价更实惠，否则公共交通的使用量不太可能增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unlikely to happen｜不太可能发生",
   "highly unlikely｜极不可能的",
   "an unlikely friendship｜出人意料的友谊"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "likely (adj.)",
   "likelihood (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "improbable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "likely",
   "probable"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be unlikely to do或It is unlikely that。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unlikely"
 },
 {
  "w": "windscreen",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪndskriːn/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪndskriːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汽车挡风玻璃",
    "en": "The front window of a car or other vehicle."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy rain splashed against the windscreen throughout our journey.",
    "zh": "一路上，大雨不断拍打着汽车的挡风玻璃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A damaged windscreen can reduce visibility, so regular vehicle inspections are essential for maintaining road safety.",
    "zh": "受损的挡风玻璃会影响视野，因此定期检查车辆对维护道路安全至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "windscreen wipers｜挡风玻璃雨刷",
   "cracked windscreen｜开裂的挡风玻璃",
   "heated windscreen｜加热式挡风玻璃"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "windshield"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语用windscreen，美式英语通常用windshield。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "windscreen"
 },
 {
  "w": "voucher",
  "uk": "/ˈvaʊtʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈvaʊtʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "代金券；兑换券",
    "en": "A document exchangeable for goods, services, or a discount."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "凭单；凭证",
    "en": "A document supporting a payment or accounting entry."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I used my gift voucher to buy new shoes.",
    "zh": "我用礼品券买了新鞋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments can provide training vouchers to help unemployed adults develop skills required by local employers.",
    "zh": "政府可以提供培训券，帮助失业成年人掌握当地雇主所需的技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gift voucher｜礼品券",
   "travel voucher｜旅行代金券",
   "redeem a voucher｜兑换代金券",
   "payment voucher｜付款凭证"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "coupon"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用a voucher for；兑换券用redeem a voucher。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "voucher"
 },
 {
  "w": "wrap",
  "uk": "/ræp/",
  "us": "/ræp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "包裹；缠绕",
    "en": "to cover something by folding material around it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "披肩；围巾",
    "en": "a loose piece of clothing worn around the shoulders"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卷饼",
    "en": "a thin flat bread rolled around a filling"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wrapped the birthday present in bright yellow paper.",
    "zh": "她用鲜黄色的纸包好了生日礼物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Retailers could reduce packaging waste by encouraging customers to wrap gifts in reusable fabric.",
    "zh": "零售商可以鼓励顾客用可重复使用的布料包装礼物，以减少包装废弃物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wrap a present｜包装礼物",
   "wrap something in paper｜用纸包住某物",
   "wrap up warm｜穿暖和些"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wrapping (n.)",
   "wrapper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unwrap"
  ],
  "tip": "用wrap A in B表示用材料B包住A。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wrap"
 },
 {
  "w": "character",
  "uk": "/ˈkærəktə/",
  "us": "/ˈkærəktər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "性格；品质；特色",
    "en": "the qualities that make someone or something distinctive"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "角色；人物",
    "en": "a person represented in a story, play, or film"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "字符；文字",
    "en": "a written or printed symbol, such as a letter"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her cheerful character makes even rainy mornings feel brighter.",
    "zh": "她开朗的性格让阴雨的早晨也显得明朗起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving historic buildings helps cities retain their distinctive character while adapting to modern economic demands.",
    "zh": "保护历史建筑有助于城市在适应现代经济需求的同时，保留自身的独特风貌。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "main character｜主要角色",
   "strength of character｜坚强品格",
   "distinctive character｜独特风貌",
   "Chinese characters｜汉字"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "characteristic (adj.)",
   "characteristically (adv.)",
   "characterise (v.)",
   "characterisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "personality"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作“人物、字符”可数；作整体品质常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "character"
 },
 {
  "w": "possibility",
  "uk": "/ˌpɒsəˈbɪləti/",
  "us": "/ˌpɑːsəˈbɪləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可能性",
    "en": "the chance that something might happen or be true"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可考虑的选择；可能的事",
    "en": "something that might happen or could be chosen"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a possibility of snow later tonight.",
    "zh": "今晚晚些时候可能会下雪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved public transport increases the possibility that commuters will leave their cars at home.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通会增加通勤者不开车出行的可能性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a real possibility｜确实存在的可能性",
   "the possibility of｜……的可能性",
   "explore the possibilities｜探索各种可能的选择",
   "rule out the possibility｜排除可能性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "possible (adj.)",
   "possibly (adv.)",
   "impossible (adj.)",
   "impossibility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "chance",
   "prospect"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "impossibility"
  ],
  "tip": "常用possibility of doing或possibility that从句。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "possibility"
 },
 {
  "w": "neither",
  "uk": "/ˈnaɪðə/",
  "us": "/ˈniːðər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "det.",
    "zh": "两者中无一的",
    "en": "not one or the other of two"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "两者都不",
    "en": "not either of two people or things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "也不",
    "en": "used to add another negative statement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Neither jacket fits me, so I will keep looking.",
    "zh": "两件夹克都不合身，所以我会继续挑选。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Neither approach can solve traffic congestion alone, so cities need a combination of investment and regulation.",
    "zh": "两种方法都无法单独解决交通拥堵，因此城市需要将投资与监管相结合。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "neither of them｜他们两个都不",
   "neither option｜两个选项都不",
   "neither ... nor ...｜既不……也不……",
   "neither do I｜我也不"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "both"
  ],
  "tip": "neither只用于两者；接单数名词，常与nor搭配。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "neither"
 },
 {
  "w": "hug",
  "uk": "/hʌɡ/",
  "us": "/hʌɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拥抱；抱紧",
    "en": "Put your arms around someone and hold them close"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拥抱",
    "en": "An act of holding someone close with your arms"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Lena hugged her grandmother before leaving for school.",
    "zh": "莉娜上学前拥抱了奶奶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A reassuring hug from a parent can help young children manage stress in unfamiliar situations.",
    "zh": "父母一个令人安心的拥抱能帮助幼儿应对陌生环境中的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "give someone a hug｜拥抱某人",
   "a warm hug｜温暖的拥抱",
   "hug someone tightly｜紧紧拥抱某人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "embrace"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式hugged、现在分词hugging均双写g。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hug"
 },
 {
  "w": "historic",
  "uk": "/hɪˈstɒrɪk/",
  "us": "/hɪˈstɔːrɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有历史意义的；历史著名的",
    "en": "Important in history or likely to be remembered in history."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We crossed the historic bridge just before sunset.",
    "zh": "我们在日落前走过了那座历史名桥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting historic buildings helps cities preserve their cultural identity while attracting visitors and supporting local businesses.",
    "zh": "保护历史建筑有助于城市保留文化特色，同时吸引游客并支持当地商业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "historic building｜历史建筑",
   "historic event｜历史性事件",
   "historic landmark｜历史地标",
   "historic agreement｜具有历史意义的协议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "history (n.)",
   "historical (adj.)",
   "historically (adv.)",
   "historian (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "momentous"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "historic强调历史意义；historical泛指与历史有关。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "historic"
 },
 {
  "w": "immediate",
  "uk": "/ɪˈmiːdiət/",
  "us": "/ɪˈmiːdiət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "立即的；即时的",
    "en": "Happening or needed now, without any delay."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最近的；紧邻的",
    "en": "Closest in space, time, or relationship."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "直接的",
    "en": "Directly connected to something, without anything coming between."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The leaking pipe needs immediate attention before the kitchen floods.",
    "zh": "这根漏水的管子需要立即处理，免得厨房被淹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should take immediate action to protect communities facing severe water shortages during prolonged droughts.",
    "zh": "政府应立即采取行动，保护那些在长期干旱中面临严重缺水的社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "immediate action｜立即行动",
   "immediate response｜即时回应",
   "immediate family｜直系亲属",
   "immediate surroundings｜周围环境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "immediately (adv.)",
   "immediacy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "instant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "delayed"
  ],
  "tip": "immediate是形容词；修饰动词用immediately。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "immediate"
 },
 {
  "w": "rainbow",
  "uk": "/ˈreɪnbəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈreɪnboʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "彩虹",
    "en": "a curved band of colours appearing in the sky after rain"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缤纷的色彩",
    "en": "a collection or range of many different colours"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A bright rainbow appeared above the hills after lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭后，群山上空出现了一道鲜艳的彩虹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourists often photograph the rainbow that forms in the spray near the base of the waterfall.",
    "zh": "游客经常拍摄瀑布底部附近水雾中形成的彩虹。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a rainbow appears｜彩虹出现",
   "a rainbow of colours｜缤纷的色彩",
   "a double rainbow｜双彩虹"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常是可数名词；a rainbow of表示色彩缤纷的一系列。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rainbow"
 },
 {
  "w": "tin",
  "uk": "/tɪn/",
  "us": "/tɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金属罐；罐装食品",
    "en": "A metal container, especially for food, or its contents."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "锡",
    "en": "A soft, silver-coloured metal used to coat other metals."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a tin of beans in the cupboard.",
    "zh": "橱柜里有一罐豆子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reusing a metal tin for storage can reduce household waste and the need for new containers.",
    "zh": "重复利用金属罐储物，可以减少生活垃圾以及对新容器的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tin of soup｜一罐汤",
   "a biscuit tin｜饼干罐",
   "a tin opener｜开罐器",
   "tin mining｜锡矿开采"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "罐子义可数，英式常用tin，美式常用can；锡不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tin"
 },
 {
  "w": "assignment",
  "uk": "/əˈsaɪnmənt/",
  "us": "/əˈsaɪnmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "作业；任务",
    "en": "A piece of work someone is required to complete."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分配；指派",
    "en": "The act of giving someone a task, role, or place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I finished my science assignment before dinner last night.",
    "zh": "昨晚我在晚饭前完成了科学作业。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A group assignment can help students develop communication skills and learn to share responsibility.",
    "zh": "小组作业可以帮助学生培养沟通能力，并学会共同承担责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complete an assignment｜完成作业或任务",
   "submit an assignment｜提交作业",
   "on assignment｜执行任务中",
   "assignment of duties｜职责分配"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assign (v.)",
   "assigned (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "task"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指具体作业时可数；homework通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assignment"
 },
 {
  "w": "chemist",
  "uk": "/ˈkemɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈkemɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "化学家；化学研究人员",
    "en": "A scientist who studies chemicals and how they react."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "药剂师；药店（英式）",
    "en": "A pharmacist, or a shop that sells medicines, in British English."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The chemist carefully poured the liquid into a glass tube.",
    "zh": "化学研究员小心地把液体倒进玻璃试管。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Chemists are developing safer materials that could reduce the environmental impact of industrial production.",
    "zh": "化学家正在研发更安全的材料，以减轻工业生产对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "analytical chemist｜分析化学家",
   "research chemist｜化学研究员",
   "at the chemist's｜在药店"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chemistry (n.)",
   "chemical (adj.)",
   "chemically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式中还指药剂师；chemist's常指药店。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chemist"
 },
 {
  "w": "vowel",
  "uk": "/ˈvaʊəl/",
  "us": "/ˈvaʊəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "元音；元音字母",
    "en": "An unrestricted speech sound, or a letter representing such a sound."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher stretched the vowel sound as we listened.",
    "zh": "老师把元音拉长，让我们仔细听。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recognising differences between vowel sounds can help language learners understand unfamiliar accents and communicate more clearly.",
    "zh": "辨别元音之间的差异有助于语言学习者理解陌生口音，并更清晰地交流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vowel sound｜元音音素",
   "long vowel｜长元音",
   "short vowel｜短元音"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "consonant"
  ],
  "tip": "a或an的选择看后接词的首音是否为元音，不看字母。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vowel"
 },
 {
  "w": "amazed",
  "uk": "/əˈmeɪzd/",
  "us": "/əˈmeɪzd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "非常惊讶的",
    "en": "Very surprised by something unexpected."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was amazed to find flowers growing through concrete.",
    "zh": "发现花从混凝土缝里长出来，我十分惊讶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers were amazed by how quickly children learned new vocabulary through interactive games.",
    "zh": "研究人员惊讶地发现，孩子们通过互动游戏学习新词汇的速度如此之快。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be amazed at｜对……感到惊讶",
   "be amazed by｜因……而惊讶",
   "be amazed to discover｜惊讶地发现"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "amaze (v.)",
   "amazing (adj.)",
   "amazement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "astonished",
   "astounded"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unsurprised"
  ],
  "tip": "amazed描述人的感受；amazing描述令人惊讶的事物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amazed"
 },
 {
  "w": "value",
  "uk": "/ˈvæljuː/",
  "us": "/ˈvæljuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "价值；价格；重要性",
    "en": "the worth, price, or importance of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "重视；珍惜；估价",
    "en": "consider something important or estimate how much it is worth"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "价值观；行为准则",
    "en": "beliefs about what is right and important in life"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This sturdy backpack offers excellent value for the price.",
    "zh": "这个结实的背包非常物有所值。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should recognise the value of public parks in improving physical health and strengthening community relationships.",
    "zh": "政府应认识到公共公园在改善身体健康和加强社区联系方面的价值。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "value for money｜物有所值",
   "place a high value on｜高度重视",
   "property value｜房产价值",
   "shared values｜共同价值观"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "valuable (adj.)",
   "valuation (n.)",
   "invaluable (adj.)",
   "valueless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "worth",
   "appreciate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "devalue"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“价值观”用复数values。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "value"
 },
 {
  "w": "thunderstorm",
  "uk": "/ˈθʌndəstɔːm/",
  "us": "/ˈθʌndərstɔːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雷暴；雷雨",
    "en": "A storm with thunder, lightning, and usually heavy rain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed indoors while the thunderstorm shook the windows.",
    "zh": "雷雨震得窗户直响，我们一直待在屋里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Severe thunderstorms can disrupt transport networks and cause sudden flooding, particularly in cities with inadequate drainage.",
    "zh": "强雷暴会扰乱交通网络并引发突发洪水，排水设施不足的城市尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a severe thunderstorm｜强雷暴",
   "a thunderstorm warning｜雷暴预警",
   "scattered thunderstorms｜局部雷雨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thunder (n.)",
   "thunderous (adj.)",
   "stormy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "thunder是雷声，lightning是闪电；雷暴用thunderstorm。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thunderstorm"
 },
 {
  "w": "architecture",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːkɪtektʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːrkɪtektʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "建筑学；建筑设计",
    "en": "The art and practice of designing buildings."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "建筑风格",
    "en": "The style and appearance of buildings."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "系统架构",
    "en": "The way a computer system or other complex structure is organised."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother studies architecture and builds tiny house models.",
    "zh": "我哥哥学建筑设计，还制作小房子模型。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sustainable architecture can reduce energy consumption by making better use of natural light and ventilation.",
    "zh": "可持续建筑设计可以更充分地利用自然采光和通风，从而降低能耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "modern architecture｜现代建筑",
   "sustainable architecture｜可持续建筑设计",
   "software architecture｜软件架构"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "architect (n.)",
   "architectural (adj.)",
   "architecturally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "architecture通常不可数；architect指建筑师。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "architecture"
 },
 {
  "w": "selfish",
  "uk": "/ˈselfɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈselfɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自私的；只顾自己的",
    "en": "Caring about your own needs without considering other people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was selfish to take the whole cake.",
    "zh": "把整个蛋糕拿走太自私了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Selfish behaviour in shared housing can create tension and undermine trust among residents over time.",
    "zh": "合租住房中的自私行为会造成矛盾，并逐渐损害住户之间的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "selfish behaviour｜自私的行为",
   "selfish motives｜自私的动机",
   "selfish of someone｜某人这样做很自私"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "selfishly (adv.)",
   "selfishness (n.)",
   "selfless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "self-centred"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "selfless",
   "unselfish"
  ],
  "tip": "评价某人的行为用It is selfish of sb to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "selfish"
 },
 {
  "w": "clerk",
  "uk": "/klɑːk/",
  "us": "/klɝːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "办事员；文员",
    "en": "someone whose job involves records, documents, or routine office tasks"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "店员；接待员",
    "en": "someone serving customers in a shop or at a desk"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The clerk checked my details and handed me a form.",
    "zh": "办事员核对了我的资料，递给我一张表格。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although digital services are expanding, many residents still prefer discussing complex applications with a trained clerk.",
    "zh": "尽管数字服务不断扩展，许多居民仍更愿意向受过培训的办事员咨询复杂的申请事项。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "office clerk｜办公室文员",
   "bank clerk｜银行职员",
   "desk clerk｜接待员",
   "court clerk｜法院书记员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clerical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式读音中元音为/ɑː/；美式常指店员。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clerk"
 },
 {
  "w": "device",
  "uk": "/dɪˈvaɪs/",
  "us": "/dɪˈvaɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "装置；设备",
    "en": "an object or machine designed for a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手法；策略",
    "en": "a method used to achieve an effect or particular result"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This tiny device tracks my steps throughout the day.",
    "zh": "这个小装置会记录我一整天的步数。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A portable medical device can help patients monitor their health without frequent hospital visits.",
    "zh": "便携式医疗设备能帮助患者监测健康状况，无须频繁去医院。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an electronic device｜电子设备",
   "a medical device｜医疗设备",
   "a safety device｜安全装置",
   "a literary device｜文学手法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "devise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gadget",
   "instrument"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "device是名词；devise是动词，意为设计或想出。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "device"
 },
 {
  "w": "express",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspres/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspres/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表达；表露",
    "en": "Show or communicate a thought, feeling, or opinion."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "快速的；特快的",
    "en": "Providing a faster service than usual."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "明确的；明示的",
    "en": "Clearly and directly stated."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leah expressed her thanks with a warm smile.",
    "zh": "莉娅用一个温暖的微笑表达了谢意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should provide opportunities for students to express their opinions on decisions that affect their education.",
    "zh": "学校应让学生有机会对影响其教育的决策发表意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "express concern｜表示担忧",
   "express an opinion｜表达意见",
   "express delivery｜快递服务",
   "express permission｜明确许可"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expression (n.)",
   "expressive (adj.)",
   "expressively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "convey",
   "communicate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "express作动词直接接宾语，如express your views。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "express"
 },
 {
  "w": "coupon",
  "uk": "/ˈkuːpɒn/",
  "us": "/ˈkuːpɑːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "优惠券；赠券",
    "en": "A ticket or code giving a discount or free item."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "债券息票；票面利息",
    "en": "An interest payment on a bond, or its claiming slip."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This coupon gives us a discount on fresh vegetables.",
    "zh": "用这张优惠券买新鲜蔬菜可以打折。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although discount coupons help households save money, they may also encourage consumers to buy unnecessary products.",
    "zh": "虽然优惠券能帮助家庭省钱，但它们也可能促使消费者购买不必要的商品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "discount coupon｜折扣券",
   "coupon code｜优惠码",
   "redeem a coupon｜使用优惠券",
   "coupon rate｜票面利率"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "voucher"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "coupon多指折扣券；voucher也常指预付代金券。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coupon"
 },
 {
  "w": "conditioner",
  "uk": "/kənˈdɪʃənə/",
  "us": "/kənˈdɪʃənər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "护发素",
    "en": "A product that makes hair softer and easier to manage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "衣物柔顺剂",
    "en": "A liquid added during washing to make fabrics softer."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I use conditioner to keep my curly hair soft.",
    "zh": "我用护发素让卷发保持柔软。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers can reduce plastic waste by choosing refillable containers for shampoo and conditioner products.",
    "zh": "消费者可以选择可补充装的洗发水和护发素容器，以减少塑料垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hair conditioner｜护发素",
   "leave-in conditioner｜免洗护发素",
   "fabric conditioner｜衣物柔顺剂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "condition (v.)",
   "conditioning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单独用常指护发素；空调要说air conditioner。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conditioner"
 },
 {
  "w": "definition",
  "uk": "/ˌdefɪˈnɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdefɪˈnɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "定义；释义",
    "en": "A statement explaining exactly what a word or concept means"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "清晰度",
    "en": "How clearly the details of an image or sound appear"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you give me a simple definition of gravity?",
    "zh": "你能给我一个简单的重力定义吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "A broader definition of health includes emotional wellbeing and social relationships, not merely the absence of physical illness.",
    "zh": "更广义的健康定义包括情绪状态和社会关系，而不仅仅是没有身体疾病。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a clear definition｜明确的定义",
   "by definition｜按照定义",
   "high definition｜高清晰度",
   "a broad definition｜广义的定义"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "define (v.)",
   "definable (adj.)",
   "undefined (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "definition of引出被定义的概念；高清常缩写为HD。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "definition"
 },
 {
  "w": "standard",
  "uk": "/ˈstændəd/",
  "us": "/ˈstændərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "标准；水准",
    "en": "A required or achieved level of quality or performance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "标准的；通常的",
    "en": "Generally accepted, regularly used, or meeting an established requirement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The food here is always of a high standard.",
    "zh": "这里的食物品质一向很高。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should enforce strict safety standards to ensure that new housing protects residents from avoidable risks.",
    "zh": "政府应严格执行安全标准，确保新建住房保护居民免受可避免的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "meet a standard｜达到标准",
   "standard of living｜生活水平",
   "safety standards｜安全标准",
   "standard practice｜惯例"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "standardise (v.)",
   "standardisation (n.)",
   "substandard (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "benchmark",
   "norm"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "达到标准用meet a standard；生活水平用standard of living。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "standard"
 },
 {
  "w": "within",
  "uk": "/wɪˈðɪn/",
  "us": "/wɪˈðɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……之内",
    "en": "Inside a particular area, period, or limit."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在内部；在里面",
    "en": "Inside something rather than outside it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your parcel should arrive within the next three days.",
    "zh": "你的包裹应该会在接下来的三天内送达。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should ensure that essential services are available within walking distance of residential areas.",
    "zh": "地方政府应确保居民区步行可达的范围内有基本服务设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "within walking distance｜步行可达",
   "within reach｜够得着；可实现",
   "within budget｜在预算之内",
   "within a week｜一周之内"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "outside"
  ],
  "tip": "within强调不超出某范围；within a week指一周内。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "within"
 },
 {
  "w": "punish",
  "uk": "/ˈpʌnɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈpʌnɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "惩罚；处罚",
    "en": "make someone face an unpleasant consequence for doing wrong"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The referee punished the player for breaking the rules.",
    "zh": "裁判因那名球员违反规则而对其作出处罚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should explain why behaviour is unacceptable rather than simply punish students without offering guidance.",
    "zh": "学校应解释为何某种行为不可接受，而不是只惩罚学生却不给予引导。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "punish someone for something｜因某事惩罚某人",
   "punish severely｜严厉惩罚",
   "punish offenders｜处罚违法者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "punishment (n.)",
   "punishable (adj.)",
   "punitive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "penalise"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reward"
  ],
  "tip": "punish sb for sth表示因某事惩罚某人。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "punish"
 },
 {
  "w": "experiment",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈsperɪmənt/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsperəmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实验；试验",
    "en": "a test designed to discover something or check an idea"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "做实验；尝试",
    "en": "test ideas or methods to see what happens"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our science experiment showed how roots grow towards water.",
    "zh": "我们的科学实验展示了植物根部如何朝水源生长。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should allow students to experiment with different materials before explaining the scientific principles involved.",
    "zh": "学校应让学生先尝试使用不同材料，再讲解其中的科学原理。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conduct an experiment｜进行实验",
   "a controlled experiment｜对照实验",
   "experiment with materials｜尝试使用各种材料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "experimental (adj.)",
   "experimentally (adv.)",
   "experimentation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "test",
   "trial"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词接with表示尝试；名词重音在第二音节。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "experiment"
 },
 {
  "w": "gentleman",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒentlmən/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒentlmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "有礼貌的男士；绅士",
    "en": "A man who behaves politely and considers other people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "先生；男士",
    "en": "A polite or formal way to refer to a man."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A gentleman held the door open for us.",
    "zh": "一位绅士为我们扶住了门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The elderly gentleman described how public transport had improved his independence and access to community activities.",
    "zh": "这位年长的先生讲述了公共交通如何增强他的独立生活能力，并让他更方便地参加社区活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a perfect gentleman｜十足的绅士",
   "an elderly gentleman｜年长的先生",
   "ladies and gentlemen｜女士们、先生们"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gentlemanly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为gentlemen；正式称呼男性时未必强调品行。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gentleman"
 },
 {
  "w": "ache",
  "uk": "/eɪk/",
  "us": "/eɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "持续隐痛",
    "en": "to feel a steady pain that is usually not sharp"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "持续的隐痛",
    "en": "a steady pain that lasts for some time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "渴望；向往",
    "en": "to want something very deeply"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My legs ache after walking up all those stairs.",
    "zh": "爬完那么多级楼梯后，我的双腿酸痛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Office workers whose backs ache regularly may benefit from adjustable desks and more frequent movement breaks.",
    "zh": "经常背痛的办公室职员可能会受益于可调节办公桌和更频繁的活动休息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a dull ache｜隐隐作痛",
   "aches and pains｜各种酸痛",
   "ache for｜渴望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aching (adj.)",
   "achy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hurt"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ache多指持续钝痛；pain可泛指各种疼痛。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ache"
 },
 {
  "w": "equal",
  "uk": "/ˈiːkwəl/",
  "us": "/ˈiːkwəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相等的；平等的",
    "en": "The same in amount, value, status, or opportunity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "等于；比得上",
    "en": "To be the same in quantity, value, or quality."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "同等的人；匹敌者",
    "en": "Someone with the same status, ability, or rights as another."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We divided the cake into equal pieces for everyone.",
    "zh": "我们把蛋糕切成大小相等的小块，分给大家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should ensure that children from all backgrounds have equal access to quality education and essential healthcare.",
    "zh": "政府应确保各种背景的儿童都能平等地获得优质教育和基本医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "equal opportunities｜平等机会",
   "equal access｜平等的使用机会",
   "equal to｜等于；胜任",
   "treat as an equal｜平等对待"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "equality (n.)",
   "equally (adv.)",
   "unequal (adj.)",
   "equalise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unequal"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词常接to；动词equal直接接宾语，不加to。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "equal"
 },
 {
  "w": "donate",
  "uk": "/dəʊˈneɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈdoʊneɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "捐赠；捐献",
    "en": "To give money, goods, or blood to help others"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We donate our spare blankets to the local shelter.",
    "zh": "我们把多余的毯子捐给当地的收容所。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Businesses can reduce food waste by donating surplus products to charities that support vulnerable families.",
    "zh": "企业可以把剩余食品捐给帮助困难家庭的慈善机构，以减少食物浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "donate money to charity｜向慈善机构捐款",
   "donate blood｜献血",
   "donate organs｜捐献器官"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "donation (n.)",
   "donor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "contribute"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用donate something to someone，不用双宾语。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "donate"
 },
 {
  "w": "retire",
  "uk": "/rɪˈtaɪə/",
  "us": "/rɪˈtaɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "退休；退役",
    "en": "To stop working permanently, usually because of age."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "退出比赛",
    "en": "To leave a competition before finishing it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt plans to retire and spend more time gardening.",
    "zh": "我姑姑打算退休，多花些时间种花种菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As life expectancy increases, some governments encourage people to retire later to reduce pressure on pension systems.",
    "zh": "随着预期寿命延长，一些政府鼓励人们推迟退休，以减轻养老金制度的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "retire early｜提前退休",
   "retire from work｜退休",
   "retire from a race｜退出比赛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "retirement (n.)",
   "retired (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "retire是动词；“退休”这一名词用retirement。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "retire"
 },
 {
  "w": "quote",
  "uk": "/kwəʊt/",
  "us": "/kwoʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "引用；引述",
    "en": "To repeat someone's exact words in speech or writing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "报价",
    "en": "To state the price you will charge for something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "引文；报价",
    "en": "Repeated words from a source, or a stated price."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister loves to quote lines from old films.",
    "zh": "我姐姐很喜欢引用老电影里的台词。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should quote reliable sources accurately and explain how the evidence supports their arguments in academic essays.",
    "zh": "学生在学术论文中应准确引用可靠来源，并解释证据如何支持自己的论点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "quote a source｜引用来源",
   "quote someone a price｜向某人报价",
   "a direct quote｜直接引语",
   "get a quote｜获取报价"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "quotation (n.)",
   "quotable (adj.)",
   "misquote (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cite"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "quote引用原话；paraphrase用自己的话转述。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quote"
 },
 {
  "w": "explorer",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈsplɔːrə/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsplɔːrər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "探险者；勘探者",
    "en": "someone who travels through unfamiliar places to discover more about them"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The explorer carried a compass through the dense forest.",
    "zh": "探险者带着指南针穿过茂密的森林。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An explorer can contribute valuable observations, but expeditions should avoid disturbing local wildlife and communities.",
    "zh": "探险者可以提供宝贵的观察资料，但探险活动应避免干扰当地野生动物和社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "polar explorer｜极地探险者",
   "intrepid explorer｜无畏的探险者",
   "early explorers｜早期探险者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "explore (v.)",
   "exploration (n.)",
   "exploratory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adventurer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "explorer指探险的人，exploration指探索活动。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "explorer"
 },
 {
  "w": "quotation",
  "uk": "/kwəʊˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/kwoʊˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "引语；引用",
    "en": "words repeated exactly from another person or source"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "报价；报价单",
    "en": "a statement of the expected price of goods or services"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She opened her speech with a quotation from a poem.",
    "zh": "她引用了一句诗作为演讲的开场白。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before selecting a contractor, local authorities should obtain a detailed quotation for the proposed construction work.",
    "zh": "在选择承包商之前，地方政府应获取拟议建筑工程的详细报价。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a quotation from｜引自……的话",
   "quotation marks｜引号",
   "request a quotation｜索取报价",
   "provide a quotation｜提供报价"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "quote (v.)",
   "quote (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "引语来自某人或作品用from；报价常接for。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quotation"
 },
 {
  "w": "wrist",
  "uk": "/rɪst/",
  "us": "/rɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手腕；腕关节",
    "en": "The joint connecting your hand to your arm."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wore a silver bracelet around her wrist.",
    "zh": "她的手腕上戴着一条银手链。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Office workers should adjust their keyboards to reduce pressure on their wrists during prolonged computer use.",
    "zh": "办公室员工应调整键盘位置，减轻长时间使用电脑时手腕承受的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wrist injury｜手腕损伤",
   "sprain your wrist｜扭伤手腕",
   "a wrist support｜护腕"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wristband (n.)",
   "wristwatch (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "开头的w不发音；手腕是wrist，脚踝是ankle。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wrist"
 },
 {
  "w": "adverb",
  "uk": "/ˈædvɜːb/",
  "us": "/ˈædvɜːrb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "副词",
    "en": "a word modifying a verb, adjective, adverb, or whole sentence"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher asked us to circle every adverb.",
    "zh": "老师让我们把每个副词都圈出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Understanding how an adverb changes emphasis can help language learners express their opinions more precisely.",
    "zh": "理解副词如何改变强调重点，可以帮助语言学习者更准确地表达观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adverb of frequency｜频率副词",
   "adverb of manner｜方式副词",
   "adverb placement｜副词的位置"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adverbial (adj.)",
   "adverbially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "adverb是名词；表示“副词的”用adverbial。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adverb"
 },
 {
  "w": "owe",
  "uk": "/əʊ/",
  "us": "/oʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "欠钱；负债",
    "en": "To have to pay money back to someone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "应给予；欠人情",
    "en": "To have a duty to give someone something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把……归功于",
    "en": "To have something because of someone's help or another cause."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I still owe my sister money for the tickets.",
    "zh": "我还欠姐姐买票的钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many successful students owe their progress to consistent practice rather than exceptional natural ability.",
    "zh": "许多优秀学生的进步归功于持续练习，而非非凡的天赋。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "owe someone money｜欠某人钱",
   "owe an apology｜应向某人道歉",
   "owe a debt of gratitude｜深受恩惠",
   "owe success to｜把成功归功于"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "owe A to B可指欠B东西A，也可指把A归功于B。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "owe"
 },
 {
  "w": "whisky",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪski/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪski/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "威士忌酒",
    "en": "A strong alcoholic drink made from grain and aged in barrels."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The guide showed us barrels used for ageing whisky.",
    "zh": "导游向我们展示了用于陈酿威士忌的木桶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional whisky production attracts tourists to rural areas and supports employment in farming, manufacturing, and hospitality.",
    "zh": "传统威士忌生产吸引游客前往乡村地区，并带动农业、制造业和酒店餐饮业的就业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Scotch whisky｜苏格兰威士忌",
   "malt whisky｜麦芽威士忌",
   "whisky distillery｜威士忌酒厂"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "苏格兰酒常拼whisky，爱尔兰和美国酒常拼whiskey。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "whisky"
 },
 {
  "w": "nation",
  "uk": "/ˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "国家；国民",
    "en": "A country considered together with its people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "民族",
    "en": "A people united by shared history, culture, or language"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fans across the nation celebrated the team's victory.",
    "zh": "全国各地的球迷都在庆祝这支球队获胜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wealthier nations should support international efforts to improve access to clean water in poorer regions.",
    "zh": "较富裕的国家应支持国际合作，改善贫困地区的清洁用水条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "developing nation｜发展中国家",
   "the entire nation｜全国人民",
   "host nation｜东道国",
   "nation building｜国家建设"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "national (adj.)",
   "nationality (n.)",
   "nationalism (n.)",
   "nationally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "country"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nation强调国家及人民，state常强调政权或政治实体。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nation"
 },
 {
  "w": "perform",
  "uk": "/pəˈfɔːm/",
  "us": "/pərˈfɔːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表演；演出",
    "en": "to entertain an audience by acting, singing, or playing music"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "执行；履行",
    "en": "to carry out a task, action, or duty"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表现；运转",
    "en": "to work or achieve results in a particular way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our choir will perform at the community centre tonight.",
    "zh": "我们的合唱团今晚将在社区中心演出。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students often perform better academically when schools provide regular feedback and access to individual support.",
    "zh": "学校提供定期反馈和个别支持时，学生的学业表现往往更好。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "perform on stage｜登台表演",
   "perform a task｜执行任务",
   "perform well｜表现出色",
   "perform surgery｜实施手术"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "performance (n.)",
   "performer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "carry out"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指表演，也可接task、duty表示执行。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "perform"
 },
 {
  "w": "lounge",
  "uk": "/laʊndʒ/",
  "us": "/laʊndʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "休息室；候机厅",
    "en": "a comfortable room for sitting, relaxing, or waiting"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "客厅",
    "en": "a room in a home for sitting and relaxing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "懒洋洋地坐着或躺着",
    "en": "to sit or lie in a relaxed, lazy way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We waited in the lounge until our room was ready.",
    "zh": "我们在休息室等候，直到房间准备好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Comfortable airport lounges can make long journeys less stressful for passengers travelling with young children.",
    "zh": "舒适的机场休息室可以减轻带幼儿出行的旅客在长途旅行中的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "departure lounge｜候机厅",
   "hotel lounge｜酒店休息室",
   "lounge around｜懒散地闲待着"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语中可指家中客厅；作动词常接 around。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lounge"
 },
 {
  "w": "deer",
  "uk": "/dɪə/",
  "us": "/dɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鹿",
    "en": "a hoofed wild animal whose males usually have branching antlers"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A deer stood quietly beside the forest path.",
    "zh": "一只鹿静静地站在林间小路旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting woodland habitats helps maintain healthy deer populations, but careful management is needed to prevent excessive grazing.",
    "zh": "保护林地栖息地有助于维持健康的鹿种群，但仍需谨慎管理，以防过度啃食植被。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a herd of deer｜一群鹿",
   "deer antlers｜鹿角",
   "wild deer｜野鹿"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "deer单复数同形：one deer，several deer。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deer"
 },
 {
  "w": "importance",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpɔːtəns/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpɔːrtəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重要性",
    "en": "The quality of having great value or a strong effect."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Losing my keys taught me the importance of a spare.",
    "zh": "丢了钥匙后，我才明白备用钥匙有多重要。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should emphasise the importance of critical thinking rather than focusing only on examination results.",
    "zh": "学校应强调批判性思维的重要性，而不是只关注考试成绩。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attach importance to｜重视",
   "of great importance｜非常重要的",
   "recognise the importance of｜认识到……的重要性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "important (adj.)",
   "importantly (adv.)",
   "unimportant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "significance"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "insignificance"
  ],
  "tip": "importance不可数；重视某事用attach importance to。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "importance"
 },
 {
  "w": "intend",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtend/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打算；计划",
    "en": "To have a plan or purpose in mind."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "意欲；为某用途而设计",
    "en": "To mean something or design it for a particular purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I intend to finish painting the kitchen this weekend.",
    "zh": "我打算这周末刷完厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The council intends to expand public transport services to reduce dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "地方议会打算扩大公共交通服务，以减少人们对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "intend to do something｜打算做某事",
   "be intended for｜供……使用",
   "be intended to｜旨在"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intention (n.)",
   "intentional (adj.)",
   "intentionally (adv.)",
   "unintentional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "plan",
   "mean"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "intend to do表示打算做；be intended for表示供……用。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intend"
 },
 {
  "w": "squash",
  "uk": "/skwɒʃ/",
  "us": "/skwɑːʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "压扁；挤进",
    "en": "To crush something flat or squeeze into a small space"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "壁球",
    "en": "An indoor racket sport played by hitting a ball against walls"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "南瓜类蔬菜",
    "en": "A vegetable with thick skin and a soft, seed-filled centre"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Don't squash the bread under those heavy shopping bags.",
    "zh": "别把面包压在那些沉重的购物袋下面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Playing squash regularly can improve cardiovascular fitness, although beginners should increase the intensity of exercise gradually.",
    "zh": "经常打壁球可以增强心肺功能，不过初学者应逐步提高运动强度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "squash flat｜压扁",
   "squash into｜挤进",
   "play squash｜打壁球",
   "butternut squash｜奶油南瓜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语中还可指需加水稀释的浓缩果汁饮料。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "squash"
 },
 {
  "w": "sore",
  "uk": "/sɔː/",
  "us": "/sɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "疼痛的；酸痛的",
    "en": "painful, especially when touched or moved"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疮；溃疡",
    "en": "a painful damaged area on the skin"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "恼怒的；不快的",
    "en": "upset or annoyed about something unfair or disappointing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My legs are sore after yesterday's long walk.",
    "zh": "昨天走了很远的路，我的腿现在酸痛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Office workers may develop sore muscles if they remain seated without taking regular breaks.",
    "zh": "上班族如果久坐而不定时休息，可能会出现肌肉酸痛。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sore throat｜咽喉痛",
   "sore muscles｜肌肉酸痛",
   "feel sore｜感到酸痛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "soreness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "painful"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sore常修饰身体部位，如a sore throat。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sore"
 },
 {
  "w": "push-up",
  "uk": "/ˈpʊʃ ʌp/",
  "us": "/ˈpʊʃ ʌp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "俯卧撑",
    "en": "An exercise raising and lowering your body using your arms."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I managed one push-up before my arms started shaking.",
    "zh": "我做了一个俯卧撑，胳膊就开始发抖了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Simple exercises such as push-ups allow people to build strength without paying for expensive gym memberships.",
    "zh": "俯卧撑等简单运动让人们无需支付昂贵的健身房会员费就能增强力量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "do push-ups｜做俯卧撑",
   "a set of push-ups｜一组俯卧撑",
   "wall push-up｜靠墙俯卧撑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "push (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "press-up"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；英式英语也常用press-up。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "push-up"
 },
 {
  "w": "prediction",
  "uk": "/prɪˈdɪkʃən/",
  "us": "/prɪˈdɪkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预测；预言",
    "en": "A statement about what is expected to happen in the future."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your prediction was right: it rained all afternoon.",
    "zh": "你预测对了：整个下午都在下雨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accurate predictions of future energy demand are essential for planning reliable and sustainable electricity supplies.",
    "zh": "准确预测未来能源需求，对于规划可靠且可持续的电力供应至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a prediction｜作出预测",
   "accurate prediction｜准确的预测",
   "prediction model｜预测模型",
   "prediction comes true｜预测成真"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "predict (v.)",
   "predictable (adj.)",
   "unpredictable (adj.)",
   "predictive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "forecast"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作出预测用make a prediction，不用do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prediction"
 },
 {
  "w": "figure",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪɡə/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪɡjər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "数字；数值",
    "en": "a number expressing an amount, especially in official information"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人物；人影；身形",
    "en": "a person, their outline, or the shape of their body"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "认为；估计",
    "en": "to think or decide something after considering it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She checked the final figure on the bill.",
    "zh": "她核对了账单上的最终金额。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recent employment figures suggest that investment in public transport can create substantial opportunities for local workers.",
    "zh": "近期就业数据显示，投资公共交通能为当地劳动者创造大量机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sales figures｜销售数据",
   "a leading figure｜领军人物",
   "figure out｜弄清楚",
   "a rough figure｜大致数值"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "数据常用复数figures；figure out意为弄懂。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "figure"
 },
 {
  "w": "diamond",
  "uk": "/ˈdaɪəmənd/",
  "us": "/ˈdaɪəmənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金刚石；钻石",
    "en": "a very hard mineral used in jewellery and cutting tools"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "菱形",
    "en": "a shape with four equal sides and opposite angles equal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiny diamond sparkled on her silver ring.",
    "zh": "她的银戒指上，一颗小钻石闪闪发光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The diamond industry faces growing pressure to demonstrate that its mining practices protect workers and local ecosystems.",
    "zh": "钻石行业面临越来越大的压力，需要证明其采矿活动能够保护工人和当地生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "diamond ring｜钻戒",
   "rough diamond｜未加工的钻石",
   "diamond mining｜钻石开采",
   "diamond shape｜菱形"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "diamond指金刚石或钻石；菱形的几何术语是rhombus。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diamond"
 },
 {
  "w": "stewardess",
  "uk": "/ˌstjuːəˈdes/",
  "us": "/ˌstuːərˈdes/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女乘务员；空姐",
    "en": "an older term for a female aircraft or ship attendant"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother worked as a stewardess before becoming a teacher.",
    "zh": "我祖母当教师之前做过空姐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The replacement of stewardess with flight attendant reflects a broader shift towards gender-neutral language in professional settings.",
    "zh": "用flight attendant替代stewardess，体现了职业场合用语向性别中立转变的更广泛趋势。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "work as a stewardess｜担任女乘务员",
   "airline stewardess｜航空公司女乘务员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "steward (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "flight attendant"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较旧且限定女性；现代通常用flight attendant。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stewardess"
 },
 {
  "w": "cassette",
  "uk": "/kəˈset/",
  "us": "/kəˈset/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盒式磁带；卡带",
    "en": "a plastic case containing magnetic tape for recording sound"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found an old cassette of songs in the cupboard.",
    "zh": "我们在柜子里找到了一盒录着歌曲的旧磁带。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before digital streaming became widespread, many language learners used cassette recordings to practise listening at home.",
    "zh": "在数字流媒体普及之前，许多语言学习者用盒式磁带录音在家练习听力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cassette tape｜盒式磁带",
   "cassette player｜盒式磁带播放器",
   "audio cassette｜录音磁带"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "tape"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "注意重音在第二音节；播放器叫cassette player。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cassette"
 },
 {
  "w": "jar",
  "uk": "/dʒɑː/",
  "us": "/dʒɑːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "广口瓶；罐子",
    "en": "A wide-mouthed container, often glass, with a lid."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使不快；显得不协调",
    "en": "To feel unpleasant or clash with something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "震动；使震痛",
    "en": "To shake suddenly and sharply, sometimes causing pain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She keeps homemade jam in a small glass jar.",
    "zh": "她把自制果酱装在一个小玻璃罐里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reusing glass jars for food storage can help households reduce their reliance on disposable plastic packaging.",
    "zh": "重复使用玻璃罐储存食品可以帮助家庭减少对一次性塑料包装的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a jar of honey｜一罐蜂蜜",
   "a glass jar｜玻璃罐",
   "jar with the surroundings｜与周围环境不协调"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jarring (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "jar 常指有盖广口罐；a jar of 后接所装物。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jar"
 },
 {
  "w": "achieve",
  "uk": "/əˈtʃiːv/",
  "us": "/əˈtʃiːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "实现；取得；达到",
    "en": "Successfully reach a goal or result through effort."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "With daily practice, she finally achieved her swimming goal.",
    "zh": "通过每天练习，她终于实现了自己的游泳目标。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments can achieve significant reductions in air pollution by investing in clean energy and improving public transport.",
    "zh": "政府可以通过投资清洁能源和改善公共交通，大幅减少空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "achieve success｜取得成功",
   "achieve a goal｜实现目标",
   "achieve a balance｜达到平衡",
   "achieve results｜取得成果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "achievement (n.)",
   "achievable (adj.)",
   "achiever (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "accomplish",
   "attain"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "直接接目标或成果，不说achieve to do。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "achieve"
 },
 {
  "w": "humid",
  "uk": "/ˈhjuːmɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈhjuːmɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "空气潮湿的",
    "en": "containing a lot of moisture in the air"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It feels so humid that my shirt sticks to me.",
    "zh": "天气湿热得我的衬衫都贴在身上了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In humid climates, buildings require effective ventilation to prevent mould growth and protect residents' health.",
    "zh": "在潮湿气候中，建筑物需要有效通风，以防止霉菌滋生并保护居民健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "humid climate｜潮湿气候",
   "hot and humid｜湿热的",
   "humid air｜潮湿的空气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "humidity (n.)",
   "humidify (v.)",
   "humidifier (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "muggy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dry"
  ],
  "tip": "humid主要形容空气或气候潮湿，不用于湿衣服。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "humid"
 },
 {
  "w": "youth",
  "uk": "/juːθ/",
  "us": "/juːθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "青年时期；青春",
    "en": "the period of life when someone is young"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "青年群体",
    "en": "young people considered as a group"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "年轻男子",
    "en": "a young man, especially a teenager"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother spent her youth in a seaside village.",
    "zh": "我祖母的青年时代是在一个海边村庄度过的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in youth services can give young people valuable skills and strengthen their sense of belonging.",
    "zh": "对青年服务的投资能让年轻人掌握实用技能，并增强他们的归属感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in one's youth｜在某人年轻时",
   "youth unemployment｜青年失业",
   "youth centre｜青年活动中心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "youthful (adj.)",
   "youthfulness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "old age"
  ],
  "tip": "表示青春通常不可数；a youth指一名年轻男子。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "youth"
 },
 {
  "w": "custom",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌstəm/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌstəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "风俗；惯例",
    "en": "a traditional or usual way of behaving"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "定制的",
    "en": "made to meet a particular customer's needs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "惠顾；光顾",
    "en": "the business customers give to a shop or company"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sharing a meal is an important custom in our family.",
    "zh": "一起吃饭是我们家的一项重要惯例。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can introduce children to local customs while encouraging respect for traditions from other cultures.",
    "zh": "学校可以向孩子们介绍当地风俗，同时鼓励他们尊重其他文化的传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local customs｜当地风俗",
   "an ancient custom｜古老的习俗",
   "custom furniture｜定制家具",
   "regular custom｜经常光顾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "customary (adj.)",
   "customarily (adv.)",
   "customise (v.)",
   "customisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tradition",
   "practice"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "custom指风俗或惯例；customs还可指海关。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "custom"
 },
 {
  "w": "fascinating",
  "uk": "/ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极有吸引力的；迷人的",
    "en": "so interesting that it holds your attention completely"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The guide told us fascinating stories about the castle.",
    "zh": "导游给我们讲了关于这座城堡的精彩故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museum collections offer fascinating insights into how earlier societies adapted to changes in their natural environments.",
    "zh": "博物馆藏品让人们深入了解早期社会如何适应自然环境的变化，令人着迷。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "absolutely fascinating｜极其迷人的",
   "fascinating insight｜引人入胜的见解",
   "fascinating discovery｜令人着迷的发现"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fascinate (v.)",
   "fascinated (adj.)",
   "fascination (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "captivating",
   "engrossing",
   "intriguing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "boring",
   "dull"
  ],
  "tip": "事物令人着迷用fascinating；人着迷用fascinated。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fascinating"
 },
 {
  "w": "daytime",
  "uk": "/ˈdeɪtaɪm/",
  "us": "/ˈdeɪtaɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "白天；日间",
    "en": "The part of the day when there is natural light."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "白天的；日间的",
    "en": "Happening or existing during the day rather than at night."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cat usually sleeps indoors during the daytime.",
    "zh": "这只猫白天通常在屋里睡觉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Higher daytime temperatures may force outdoor workers to adjust their schedules during the summer months.",
    "zh": "夏季白天气温升高，可能迫使户外工作者调整工作时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "during the daytime｜在白天",
   "daytime temperatures｜白天气温",
   "daytime television｜日间电视节目"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "day (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "nighttime"
  ],
  "tip": "常说in the daytime；作定语时不加the。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "daytime"
 },
 {
  "w": "wherever",
  "uk": "/weərˈevə/",
  "us": "/werˈevər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "无论哪里；在任何地方",
    "en": "in or to any place, regardless of where"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "究竟在哪里",
    "en": "used in questions to express surprise about a place"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can sit wherever you feel most comfortable.",
    "zh": "你觉得哪里最舒服，就可以坐在哪里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should ensure that children receive a good education wherever they live, including in remote rural communities.",
    "zh": "政府应确保儿童无论住在哪里，包括偏远农村地区，都能接受良好教育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wherever possible｜在任何可能的地方",
   "wherever you go｜无论你去哪里",
   "wherever you live｜无论你住在哪里"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "where (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“无论哪里”时，相当于no matter where。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wherever"
 },
 {
  "w": "signature",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪɡnətʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪɡnətʃɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "签名；署名",
    "en": "Your name written in your own distinctive way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "标志性的；招牌的",
    "en": "Distinctive and closely associated with a particular person or place"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The delivery driver asked for my signature at the door.",
    "zh": "送货司机在门口请我签名。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Electronic signatures allow businesses to complete agreements remotely, reducing delays and the need for paper documents.",
    "zh": "电子签名让企业能够远程签订协议，减少延误和纸质文件的使用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "require a signature｜需要签名",
   "electronic signature｜电子签名",
   "signature dish｜招牌菜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sign (v.)",
   "signatory (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "autograph"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "signature通常指签名；名人纪念签名常用autograph。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "signature"
 },
 {
  "w": "absolutely",
  "uk": "/ˈæbsəluːtli/",
  "us": "/ˈæbsəluːtli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "完全地；绝对地",
    "en": "completely or without any doubt"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "当然；完全同意",
    "en": "used to express strong agreement with someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen was absolutely spotless after we cleaned it.",
    "zh": "我们打扫后，厨房一尘不染。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable internet access is absolutely essential for students participating in online courses from remote communities.",
    "zh": "对于偏远社区参加在线课程的学生来说，可靠的网络连接必不可少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "absolutely essential｜绝对必要的",
   "absolutely certain｜完全确定的",
   "absolutely right｜完全正确的",
   "absolutely not｜绝对不行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "absolute (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "completely",
   "entirely"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "partly"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰essential等极限形容词，不常说absolutely good。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "absolutely"
 },
 {
  "w": "force",
  "uk": "/fɔːs/",
  "us": "/fɔːrs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "力；力量",
    "en": "physical power that moves something or changes its shape"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "强迫；迫使",
    "en": "to make someone do something against their wishes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "武力；暴力",
    "en": "physical strength used to control or overpower someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The force of the wind blew my umbrella inside out.",
    "zh": "大风把我的伞吹翻了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising housing costs may force essential workers to move further away from the communities they serve.",
    "zh": "不断上涨的住房成本可能迫使必要岗位的工作人员搬离他们服务的社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "force someone to do something｜迫使某人做某事",
   "by force｜用武力",
   "gravitational force｜引力",
   "labour force｜劳动力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "forceful (adj.)",
   "forcefully (adv.)",
   "forced (adj.)",
   "forcibly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“迫使某人做某事”用force somebody to do something。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "force"
 },
 {
  "w": "murderer",
  "uk": "/ˈmɜːdərə/",
  "us": "/ˈmɝːdərər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谋杀犯",
    "en": "Someone who deliberately and unlawfully kills another person."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The detective finally identified the murderer in the novel.",
    "zh": "小说中的侦探终于查明了谁是谋杀犯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Documentaries about convicted murderers should avoid sensationalism and consider the feelings of victims' families.",
    "zh": "有关已定罪谋杀犯的纪录片应避免煽情，并顾及受害者家属的感受。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "convicted murderer｜已定罪的谋杀犯",
   "identify the murderer｜查明谋杀犯身份",
   "catch a murderer｜抓获谋杀犯"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "murder (n.)",
   "murder (v.)",
   "murderous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指故意非法杀人者；killer的含义更广。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "murderer"
 },
 {
  "w": "channel",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃænəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃænəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "频道；渠道",
    "en": "A television service or route for communicating and distributing things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水道；海峡",
    "en": "A passage of water connecting areas or allowing boats through"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "引导；将…用于",
    "en": "Direct energy, money, or resources towards a particular purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you change the channel before the film starts?",
    "zh": "电影开始前，你能换个频道吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should channel more funding into public transport to reduce congestion and improve access to employment.",
    "zh": "政府应将更多资金投入公共交通，以缓解拥堵并便利人们上班求职。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a television channel｜电视频道",
   "communication channels｜沟通渠道",
   "a shipping channel｜航道",
   "channel resources into｜将资源投入"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用channel sth into sth，表示将资源投入某处。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "channel"
 },
 {
  "w": "romance",
  "uk": "/rəʊˈmæns/",
  "us": "/ˈroʊmæns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恋爱；爱情；浪漫情调",
    "en": "a loving relationship or the excitement and affection surrounding love"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爱情小说；爱情电影",
    "en": "a story or film mainly about love"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their romance began during a walking holiday in the mountains.",
    "zh": "他们的恋情始于一次山间徒步假期。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Popular films often portray romance in idealised ways, which may shape young people's expectations of relationships.",
    "zh": "流行电影常以理想化的方式描绘爱情，这可能影响年轻人对恋爱关系的期待。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a holiday romance｜假日恋情",
   "a whirlwind romance｜迅速发展的恋情",
   "a sense of romance｜浪漫感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "romantic (adj.)",
   "romantically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指爱情常不可数；指一段恋情或一部作品可数。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "romance"
 },
 {
  "w": "route",
  "uk": "/ruːt/",
  "us": "/ruːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "路线；路径",
    "en": "a way taken to get from one place to another"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "按路线发送；安排路线",
    "en": "to send someone or something along a particular path"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took a different route home to avoid traffic.",
    "zh": "我们换了一条路线回家，以避开拥堵。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding bus routes to rural communities would improve access to employment and essential public services.",
    "zh": "将公交线路延伸至农村社区，有助于居民获得就业机会和基本公共服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bus route｜公交线路",
   "alternative route｜替代路线",
   "trade route｜贸易路线",
   "route calls｜转接电话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reroute (v.)",
   "routing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "path",
   "way"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式也读 /raʊt/；route 强调行进路线。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "route"
 },
 {
  "w": "valuable",
  "uk": "/ˈvæljuəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈvæljuəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有用的；有价值的",
    "en": "Very useful or important for a particular purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "贵重的；值钱的",
    "en": "Worth a large amount of money."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My neighbour gave me valuable advice about growing tomatoes.",
    "zh": "邻居给了我一些种番茄的宝贵建议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Work placements provide valuable experience that helps students develop practical skills before entering full-time employment.",
    "zh": "实习提供宝贵经验，帮助学生在正式就业前培养实践技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "valuable experience｜宝贵经验",
   "valuable advice｜宝贵建议",
   "a valuable contribution｜重要贡献",
   "valuable jewellery｜贵重珠宝"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "value (n.)",
   "valuation (n.)",
   "invaluable (adj.)",
   "valuables (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "useful",
   "precious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "worthless"
  ],
  "tip": "贵重物品用复数valuables；invaluable意为极宝贵的。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "valuable"
 },
 {
  "w": "historical",
  "uk": "/hɪˈstɒrɪkəl/",
  "us": "/hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "历史的；有关历史的",
    "en": "connected with history or events in the past"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found historical photographs of our street in the library.",
    "zh": "我们在图书馆找到了这条街过去的照片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historical records help researchers understand how earlier societies responded to environmental change and economic uncertainty.",
    "zh": "历史记录帮助研究人员了解过去的社会如何应对环境变化和经济不确定性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "historical records｜历史记录",
   "historical evidence｜历史证据",
   "historical context｜历史背景",
   "historical novel｜历史小说"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "history (n.)",
   "historian (n.)",
   "historically (adv.)",
   "historic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "historical指与历史有关；historic强调具有历史意义。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "historical"
 },
 {
  "w": "operation",
  "uk": "/ˌɒpəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɑːpəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手术",
    "en": "Medical treatment involving cutting into the body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运行；运作；经营",
    "en": "The functioning or management of a machine, system, or business."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "有组织的行动",
    "en": "A planned activity involving several people working together."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt is recovering well after her knee operation.",
    "zh": "我姑姑膝盖手术后恢复得很好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The successful operation of public transport systems depends on reliable funding and careful long-term planning.",
    "zh": "公共交通系统的成功运作有赖于可靠的资金支持和周密的长期规划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have an operation｜接受手术",
   "perform an operation｜做手术",
   "in operation｜运行中",
   "rescue operation｜救援行动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "operate (v.)",
   "operator (n.)",
   "operational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "手术部位用on连接：an operation on the knee。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "operation"
 },
 {
  "w": "trust",
  "uk": "/trʌst/",
  "us": "/trʌst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "信任；信赖",
    "en": "Belief that someone or something is honest, reliable, or safe."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "信任；相信",
    "en": "To believe someone or something is honest, reliable, or safe."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "信托；信托机构",
    "en": "An arrangement or organisation managing money or property for others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I trust my neighbour to feed our cat.",
    "zh": "我信得过邻居，放心让他喂我们的猫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public trust in scientific advice depends partly on how clearly researchers communicate uncertainty and evidence.",
    "zh": "公众对科学建议的信任，部分取决于研究人员能否清晰地说明不确定性和证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "build trust｜建立信任",
   "trust someone to do something｜相信某人会做某事",
   "mutual trust｜相互信任",
   "a charitable trust｜慈善信托机构"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trustworthy (adj.)",
   "trusting (adj.)",
   "distrust (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "confidence",
   "faith"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "distrust",
   "mistrust"
  ],
  "tip": "trust sb to do sth表示相信某人能可靠地做某事。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trust"
 },
 {
  "w": "session",
  "uk": "/ˈseʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈseʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一场；一次活动时间",
    "en": "a period spent doing a particular activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "会议；开庭期",
    "en": "a formal meeting or period when an official body meets"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our first swimming session starts early tomorrow morning.",
    "zh": "我们的第一次游泳课明天一早开始。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular revision sessions help students retain information more effectively than studying intensively just before examinations.",
    "zh": "定期复习比临考前突击学习更能帮助学生有效记住知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a training session｜一次训练",
   "a revision session｜一次复习",
   "a question-and-answer session｜问答环节",
   "in session｜正在开会；正在开庭"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "session强调一段活动时间；semester才通常指学期。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "session"
 },
 {
  "w": "minivan",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪnivæn/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪnivæn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小型多座客车",
    "en": "A vehicle with several passenger seats, often used by families."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小型货车",
    "en": "A small van used for transporting goods."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our minivan has enough seats for the whole family.",
    "zh": "我们的小型多座客车有足够的座位，可以坐下全家人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shared minivan services can improve access to healthcare for rural residents who lack reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "共享小型客车服务可以帮助缺乏可靠公共交通的农村居民更方便地就医。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "family minivan｜家用多座客车",
   "rent a minivan｜租一辆小型客车",
   "seven-seater minivan｜七座小型客车"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "van (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常指家庭多座客车，不宜一律译为小货车。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "minivan"
 },
 {
  "w": "unexpected",
  "uk": "/ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd/",
  "us": "/ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "意料之外的",
    "en": "Happening without being expected or predicted."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An unexpected visitor arrived just as we finished lunch.",
    "zh": "我们刚吃完午饭，一位意想不到的客人就来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments need emergency funds to manage unexpected events without reducing essential spending on healthcare and education.",
    "zh": "政府需要应急资金来应对意外事件，避免削减医疗和教育方面的必要支出。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unexpected result｜意外的结果",
   "unexpected visitor｜不速之客",
   "unexpected delay｜意外的延误"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expect (v.)",
   "expected (adj.)",
   "unexpectedly (adv.)",
   "expectation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unforeseen",
   "unanticipated",
   "surprising"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "expected",
   "anticipated"
  ],
  "tip": "unexpected强调未料到，不一定表示突然发生。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unexpected"
 },
 {
  "w": "vote",
  "uk": "/vəʊt/",
  "us": "/voʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "投票；表决",
    "en": "To formally express a choice in an election or decision."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "选票；投票；表决",
    "en": "A formal expression of choice, or the process of choosing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We voted to hold the picnic in the park.",
    "zh": "我们投票决定在公园里野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Allowing residents to vote on local projects may increase public participation in community development.",
    "zh": "允许居民就地方项目投票，可能提高公众参与社区发展的积极性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vote for｜投票支持",
   "vote against｜投票反对",
   "cast a vote｜投票",
   "the right to vote｜投票权"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "voter (n.)",
   "voting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "vote for表示支持；vote against表示反对。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vote"
 },
 {
  "w": "avocado",
  "uk": "/ˌævəˈkɑːdəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˌævəˈkɑːdoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牛油果；鳄梨",
    "en": "A fruit with creamy green flesh and a large central stone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She spread ripe avocado on her warm toast.",
    "zh": "她把熟透的牛油果抹在热吐司上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing demand for avocados can place pressure on water supplies in regions with limited rainfall.",
    "zh": "在降雨有限的地区，牛油果需求增长可能给供水带来压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a ripe avocado｜成熟的牛油果",
   "mashed avocado｜牛油果泥",
   "avocado toast｜牛油果吐司"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为avocados，不加-es。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "avocado"
 },
 {
  "w": "forgive",
  "uk": "/fəˈɡɪv/",
  "us": "/fərˈɡɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "原谅；宽恕",
    "en": "Stop blaming someone or feeling angry about what they did."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "免除债务",
    "en": "Officially allow someone not to repay a debt."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you forgive me for breaking your favourite mug?",
    "zh": "我打碎了你最喜欢的杯子，你能原谅我吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "International lenders may forgive some debts to help poorer countries invest more in healthcare and education.",
    "zh": "国际贷款机构可能减免部分债务，帮助较贫困国家增加医疗和教育投入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "forgive someone for something｜原谅某人某事",
   "forgive a mistake｜原谅错误",
   "forgive a debt｜免除债务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "forgiveness (n.)",
   "forgiving (adj.)",
   "forgivable (adj.)",
   "unforgivable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pardon"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用forgive sb for doing sth；过去式forgave，过去分词forgiven。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "forgive"
 },
 {
  "w": "aircraft",
  "uk": "/ˈeəkrɑːft/",
  "us": "/ˈerkræft/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "飞机；航空器",
    "en": "a vehicle that flies, such as a plane or helicopter"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small aircraft flew low over the fields.",
    "zh": "一架小型飞机低空飞过田野。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Developing more efficient aircraft could reduce fuel consumption, although growing passenger demand may limit the environmental benefits.",
    "zh": "研发效率更高的飞机可以降低燃料消耗，但不断增长的旅客需求可能限制其环境效益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commercial aircraft｜商用飞机",
   "passenger aircraft｜客机",
   "light aircraft｜轻型飞机",
   "aircraft maintenance｜航空器维护"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "aircraft单复数同形，不能加-s。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aircraft"
 },
 {
  "w": "baggage",
  "uk": "/ˈbæɡɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈbæɡɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行李",
    "en": "the bags and suitcases you take when travelling"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "思想包袱；情感负担",
    "en": "past experiences or feelings that continue to cause difficulties"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our baggage arrived on the next flight this afternoon.",
    "zh": "我们的行李今天下午随下一班飞机到了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Airlines often charge additional fees for checked baggage, increasing the overall cost of travel.",
    "zh": "航空公司常对托运行李额外收费，从而增加旅行的总费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "checked baggage｜托运行李",
   "baggage allowance｜行李限额",
   "baggage claim｜行李领取处",
   "emotional baggage｜情感包袱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "luggage"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；一件行李说a piece of baggage。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "baggage"
 },
 {
  "w": "generous",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒenərəs/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒenərəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "慷慨的；大方的",
    "en": "willing to give money, time, or help freely"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "充足的；大量的",
    "en": "larger or more plentiful than usual or expected"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our generous neighbour shared her fresh vegetables with us.",
    "zh": "我们那位大方的邻居把新鲜蔬菜分给了我们。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Generous donations from local businesses can help community centres provide affordable activities for children and older residents.",
    "zh": "当地企业的慷慨捐助可以帮助社区中心为儿童和老年居民提供价格实惠的活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "generous donation｜慷慨捐助",
   "generous portion｜丰盛的一份",
   "generous with your time｜不吝惜时间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "generosity (n.)",
   "generously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "giving",
   "liberal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "mean",
   "stingy"
  ],
  "tip": "be generous with sth表示在某方面慷慨。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "generous"
 },
 {
  "w": "flood",
  "uk": "/flʌd/",
  "us": "/flʌd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洪水；水灾",
    "en": "Water covering land that is normally dry."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "淹没；被水淹",
    "en": "To cover with water or become covered with water."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大量涌来的人或事物",
    "en": "A large amount of something arriving at once."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The flood left our garden covered in thick mud.",
    "zh": "洪水退去后，我们的花园覆满了厚厚的淤泥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring wetlands can reduce flood risks by allowing excess rainwater to spread and drain naturally.",
    "zh": "恢复湿地可以让多余雨水自然扩散和排走，从而降低洪灾风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flash flood｜山洪；暴洪",
   "flood defences｜防洪设施",
   "flood damage｜洪灾损失",
   "a flood of complaints｜大量涌来的投诉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flooding (n.)",
   "flooded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "读音与 blood 的元音相同，不与 food 押韵。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flood"
 },
 {
  "w": "fox",
  "uk": "/fɒks/",
  "us": "/fɑːks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狐狸",
    "en": "A wild animal with pointed ears and a bushy tail."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使困惑；难倒",
    "en": "To confuse someone or make a problem difficult to solve."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A fox slipped through the garden before sunrise.",
    "zh": "日出前，一只狐狸悄悄穿过花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The red fox can adapt to urban environments where food is readily available from human activity.",
    "zh": "赤狐能够适应城市环境，因为人类活动使食物很容易获取。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a red fox｜赤狐",
   "an urban fox｜城市里的狐狸",
   "a fox cub｜狐狸幼崽"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词表示“难倒”，主要用于英式非正式语境。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fox"
 },
 {
  "w": "centigrade",
  "uk": "/ˈsentɪɡreɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈsentɪɡreɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "摄氏的",
    "en": "Using the temperature scale with water freezing at zero"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was thirty degrees centigrade in the shade today.",
    "zh": "今天阴凉处的气温达到了三十摄氏度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A rise of two degrees centigrade in average temperatures could significantly affect agricultural production in vulnerable regions.",
    "zh": "平均气温上升两摄氏度可能对脆弱地区的农业生产产生显著影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "degrees centigrade｜摄氏度",
   "centigrade scale｜摄氏温标"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "Celsius"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常说degrees centigrade；现代科学更常用Celsius。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "centigrade"
 },
 {
  "w": "typical",
  "uk": "/ˈtɪpɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtɪpɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "典型的；有代表性的",
    "en": "having the usual features of a particular group or situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "一贯的；特有的",
    "en": "showing the behaviour or qualities usually associated with someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A typical weekday starts with breakfast and a walk.",
    "zh": "平常的工作日都是从吃早餐和散步开始的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Long commuting times are typical of large cities where housing near employment centres is expensive.",
    "zh": "在就业中心附近住房昂贵的大城市，通勤时间长是常见现象。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a typical example｜典型例子",
   "typical of｜是……的典型特征",
   "a typical day｜平常的一天"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "typically (adv.)",
   "atypical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "representative",
   "characteristic",
   "usual"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "atypical",
   "unusual"
  ],
  "tip": "用typical of表示具有某人或某物的典型特征。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "typical"
 },
 {
  "w": "geometry",
  "uk": "/dʒiˈɒmətri/",
  "us": "/dʒiˈɑːmətri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "几何学",
    "en": "The study of shapes, angles, sizes, and spatial relationships."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We used colourful wooden shapes in geometry class today.",
    "zh": "今天的几何课上，我们使用了彩色的木制图形。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning geometry helps students develop spatial reasoning skills that are valuable in engineering and architecture.",
    "zh": "学习几何有助于学生培养空间推理能力，这种能力在工程和建筑领域很有价值。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plane geometry｜平面几何",
   "solid geometry｜立体几何",
   "study geometry｜学习几何"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "geometric (adj.)",
   "geometrical (adj.)",
   "geometrically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "学科名，不可数；通常不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "geometry"
 },
 {
  "w": "repeated",
  "uk": "/rɪˈpiːtɪd/",
  "us": "/rɪˈpiːtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "反复发生的；重复的",
    "en": "happening or done again and again"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "重复；重说（过去式、分词）",
    "en": "said or did something again"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Repeated phone calls kept interrupting our quiet dinner.",
    "zh": "接连不断的电话打断了我们安静的晚餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Repeated exposure to new vocabulary helps learners remember words and use them more confidently.",
    "zh": "反复接触新词汇有助于学习者记住单词，并更自信地运用它们。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "repeated attempts｜多次尝试",
   "repeated warnings｜反复警告",
   "repeated exposure to｜反复接触"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "repeat (v.)",
   "repetition (n.)",
   "repeatedly (adv.)",
   "repetitive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "recurring"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "repeated强调多次发生；repetitive常暗示单调乏味。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "repeated"
 },
 {
  "w": "atmosphere",
  "uk": "/ˈætməsfɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈætməsfɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "气氛；氛围",
    "en": "the feeling or mood of a place or situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大气；大气层",
    "en": "the mixture of gases surrounding a planet"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Soft lighting gave the little restaurant a relaxed atmosphere.",
    "zh": "柔和的灯光为这家小餐馆营造了轻松的氛围。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A supportive classroom atmosphere encourages students to ask questions and participate more actively in discussions.",
    "zh": "相互支持的课堂氛围鼓励学生提问，并更加积极地参与讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "relaxed atmosphere｜轻松的氛围",
   "create an atmosphere｜营造氛围",
   "Earth's atmosphere｜地球大气层"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "atmospheric (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示某种氛围常用an atmosphere；地球大气用the atmosphere。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "atmosphere"
 },
 {
  "w": "council",
  "uk": "/ˈkaʊnsəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkaʊnsəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地方议会；委员会",
    "en": "A group chosen to govern an area or manage affairs."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The local council repaired the playground near our house.",
    "zh": "地方议会修好了我们家附近的游乐场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The city council should consult residents before approving developments that could affect public green spaces.",
    "zh": "市议会在批准可能影响公共绿地的开发项目之前，应征询居民意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local council｜地方议会",
   "city council｜市议会",
   "council member｜议会成员",
   "student council｜学生会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "councillor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "council指议会或委员会；counsel指建议或劝告。",
  "cefr": "B1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "council"
 },
 {
  "w": "motivate",
  "uk": "/ˈməʊtɪveɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈmoʊtɪveɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "激励；激发积极性",
    "en": "to make someone eager to do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "成为……的动机",
    "en": "to provide the reason for someone's actions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Training with a friend motivates me to exercise regularly.",
    "zh": "和朋友一起训练能激励我坚持锻炼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can motivate students to explore difficult subjects by connecting classroom lessons with everyday experiences.",
    "zh": "教师可以把课堂内容与日常经历联系起来，激励学生探索难学的科目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "motivate someone to do something｜激励某人做某事",
   "highly motivated｜积极性很高的",
   "be motivated by｜出于……的动机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "motivation (n.)",
   "motivated (adj.)",
   "motivating (adj.)",
   "motivational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inspire",
   "encourage"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "discourage",
   "demotivate"
  ],
  "tip": "常用motivate sb to do；by后可接动机。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "motivate"
 },
 {
  "w": "irritation",
  "uk": "/ˌɪrɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪrɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恼怒；烦躁",
    "en": "the feeling of being annoyed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刺激；发炎不适",
    "en": "soreness or discomfort in a part of the body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He sighed with irritation when the phone rang again.",
    "zh": "电话又响了，他烦躁地叹了口气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Exposure to household cleaning products may cause skin irritation, especially among people with sensitive skin.",
    "zh": "接触家用清洁产品可能引起皮肤刺激，皮肤敏感者尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "skin irritation｜皮肤刺激",
   "eye irritation｜眼部刺激",
   "a source of irritation｜令人恼火的事物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "irritate (v.)",
   "irritated (adj.)",
   "irritating (adj.)",
   "irritable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "annoyance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指情绪上的恼怒，也可指皮肤等受到刺激。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "irritation"
 },
 {
  "w": "pit",
  "uk": "/pɪt/",
  "us": "/pɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "坑；深洞",
    "en": "A large hole in the ground"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赛车维修区",
    "en": "An area where racing cars stop for servicing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "果核",
    "en": "The hard central part of certain fruits"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We dug a shallow pit for the new tree.",
    "zh": "我们挖了一个浅坑，准备栽这棵新树。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Abandoned mining pits can threaten local ecosystems unless restoration projects stabilise the soil and improve water quality.",
    "zh": "废弃矿坑可能威胁当地生态系统，除非修复项目能稳固土壤并改善水质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dig a pit｜挖坑",
   "a deep pit｜深坑",
   "a pit stop｜赛车进站检修",
   "a peach pit｜桃核"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "hole",
   "hollow"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "维修区常用the pits；果核义主要用于美式英语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pit"
 },
 {
  "w": "philosophy",
  "uk": "/fɪˈlɒsəfi/",
  "us": "/fɪˈlɑːsəfi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "哲学",
    "en": "The study of knowledge, existence, reality, and moral values"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人生观；指导理念",
    "en": "A set of beliefs that guides actions and decisions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister studies philosophy and enjoys discussing difficult questions.",
    "zh": "我姐姐学习哲学，喜欢讨论难解的问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying philosophy can help students question assumptions and develop stronger arguments about complex ethical issues.",
    "zh": "学习哲学有助于学生质疑既有假设，并就复杂的伦理问题提出更有力的论证。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study philosophy｜学习哲学",
   "moral philosophy｜道德哲学",
   "personal philosophy｜个人处世哲学",
   "philosophy of education｜教育哲学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "philosopher (n.)",
   "philosophical (adj.)",
   "philosophically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指学科通常不可数；指某套理念可用a philosophy。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "philosophy"
 },
 {
  "w": "errand",
  "uk": "/ˈerənd/",
  "us": "/ˈerənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "跑腿的差事",
    "en": "A short trip to buy, collect, or deliver something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I ran an errand before meeting you for lunch.",
    "zh": "和你见面吃午饭前，我出去办了点事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable neighbourhood transport helps older residents run errands independently and maintain regular contact with their communities.",
    "zh": "可靠的社区交通能帮助老年居民独立外出办事，并与社区保持日常联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "run errands｜外出办事",
   "send someone on an errand｜派某人跑腿",
   "a quick errand｜很快能办完的差事"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指外出办小事；常搭配run errands。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "errand"
 },
 {
  "w": "stunning",
  "uk": "/ˈstʌnɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈstʌnɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "美极的；令人惊艳的",
    "en": "extremely beautiful or impressive"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人震惊的",
    "en": "causing great surprise or shock"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We enjoyed a stunning view from the hilltop.",
    "zh": "我们在山顶欣赏了绝美的景色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The region's stunning coastal scenery attracts visitors, but increased tourism places pressure on fragile ecosystems.",
    "zh": "该地区绝美的海岸风光吸引着游客，但旅游业增长也给脆弱的生态系统带来压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stunning scenery｜绝美的风景",
   "a stunning achievement｜惊人的成就",
   "a stunning victory｜令人震惊的胜利",
   "look stunning｜看起来美极了"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stun (v.)",
   "stunned (adj.)",
   "stunningly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "breathtaking",
   "spectacular"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "stunning形容事物令人惊叹；stunned形容人惊呆了。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stunning"
 },
 {
  "w": "syrup",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪrəp/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪrəp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "糖浆",
    "en": "a thick sweet liquid made from dissolved sugar"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "糖浆剂",
    "en": "a sweet thick liquid containing medicine"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She poured a little syrup over her warm pancakes.",
    "zh": "她在热乎乎的煎饼上浇了一点糖浆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fruit preserved in syrup often contains more added sugar than fresh fruit, which may concern health-conscious consumers.",
    "zh": "糖浆保存的水果通常比新鲜水果含有更多添加糖，这可能让注重健康的消费者担忧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "maple syrup｜枫糖浆",
   "cough syrup｜止咳糖浆",
   "fruit in syrup｜糖水水果",
   "sugar syrup｜糖浆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "syrupy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；止咳糖浆说cough syrup。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "syrup"
 },
 {
  "w": "forecast",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːkɑːst/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrkæst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预测；预报",
    "en": "A statement about what is likely to happen in the future."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "预测；预报",
    "en": "To say what will probably happen, using available information."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The weather forecast says we should expect snow tonight.",
    "zh": "天气预报说今晚可能会下雪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Economists forecast slower growth next year as rising energy costs place greater pressure on businesses.",
    "zh": "经济学家预测，随着能源成本上涨给企业带来更大压力，明年的经济增长将放缓。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "weather forecast｜天气预报",
   "economic forecast｜经济预测",
   "forecast growth｜预测增长",
   "forecast demand｜预测需求"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "forecaster (n.)",
   "forecasting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "prediction",
   "predict"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词通常用forecast，也可用forecasted。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "forecast"
 },
 {
  "w": "puff",
  "uk": "/pʌf/",
  "us": "/pʌf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一小团气烟；一阵气流",
    "en": "A small amount of air, smoke, or steam released suddenly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "喘粗气",
    "en": "To breathe quickly and noisily after physical effort."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "喷出气烟；鼓起",
    "en": "To release air or smoke, or swell with air."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A puff of steam escaped from the kettle.",
    "zh": "一小团蒸汽从水壶里冒了出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Older buses release puffs of dark smoke, highlighting the need for cleaner public transport in cities.",
    "zh": "老旧公交车排出一团团黑烟，凸显了城市发展更清洁公共交通的必要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a puff of smoke｜一团烟",
   "huff and puff｜气喘吁吁",
   "puff up｜膨胀；鼓起",
   "puff out your cheeks｜鼓起腮帮子"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一团烟用a puff of smoke；puff也可表示喘粗气。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "puff"
 },
 {
  "w": "trademark",
  "uk": "/ˈtreɪdmɑːk/",
  "us": "/ˈtreɪdmɑːrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "商标",
    "en": "A legally protected name or symbol identifying a company's products."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "标志性特征",
    "en": "A distinctive feature strongly associated with someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "将……注册为商标",
    "en": "To register a name or symbol for legal protection."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery's trademark is a tiny golden wheat stalk.",
    "zh": "这家面包店的商标是一株小小的金色麦穗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Registering a trademark helps small businesses protect their identity and distinguish their products from those of competitors.",
    "zh": "注册商标有助于小企业保护自身品牌形象，并使其产品区别于竞争对手的产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "registered trademark｜注册商标",
   "trademark protection｜商标保护",
   "trademark infringement｜商标侵权",
   "trademark smile｜标志性笑容"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "商标用trademark；版权用copyright，保护对象不同。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trademark"
 },
 {
  "w": "cosmetics",
  "uk": "/kɒzˈmetɪks/",
  "us": "/kɑːzˈmetɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "化妆品",
    "en": "Products applied to the face or body to improve appearance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She keeps her cosmetics in a small bathroom drawer.",
    "zh": "她把化妆品放在浴室的一个小抽屉里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers increasingly expect cosmetics manufacturers to disclose ingredients clearly and reduce unnecessary packaging to limit environmental damage.",
    "zh": "消费者越来越希望化妆品制造商明确公开成分，并减少不必要的包装以降低环境危害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cosmetics industry｜化妆品行业",
   "cosmetics manufacturer｜化妆品制造商",
   "buy cosmetics｜购买化妆品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cosmetic (adj.)",
   "cosmetically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常用复数；cosmetic作形容词也指表面的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cosmetics"
 },
 {
  "w": "approachable",
  "uk": "/əˈprəʊtʃəbl/",
  "us": "/əˈproʊtʃəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "亲切友善的；易于交谈的",
    "en": "friendly and easy to talk to"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "易懂的；容易欣赏的",
    "en": "easy to understand or enjoy without special knowledge"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our new teacher seems approachable, so I asked for help.",
    "zh": "我们的新老师看起来很亲切，所以我向老师求助了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Approachable healthcare professionals may encourage patients to discuss sensitive concerns before their conditions become more serious.",
    "zh": "亲切的医护人员可能促使患者在病情加重前谈及难以启齿的顾虑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an approachable teacher｜亲切的老师",
   "friendly and approachable｜友善且平易近人的",
   "an approachable style｜浅显易懂的风格"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "approach (v.)",
   "approachability (n.)",
   "unapproachable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "friendly",
   "welcoming"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unapproachable"
  ],
  "tip": "形容人时重在容易交谈、让人敢于求助。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "approachable"
 },
 {
  "w": "release",
  "uk": "/rɪˈliːs/",
  "us": "/rɪˈliːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "释放；放出",
    "en": "To let someone or something go free or escape."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发布；发行",
    "en": "To make information or a product available to the public."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "释放；发布；发行物",
    "en": "The act of freeing or publishing; something newly made available."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We released the butterfly outside after checking its wings.",
    "zh": "检查过蝴蝶的翅膀后，我们把它放到了室外。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should release reliable environmental data so that citizens can evaluate the effectiveness of climate policies.",
    "zh": "政府应公布可靠的环境数据，让公民能够评估气候政策的成效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "release a report｜发布报告",
   "release a prisoner｜释放囚犯",
   "release gases｜释放气体",
   "a press release｜新闻稿"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "release可指释放，也可指公开发布报告或产品。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "release"
 },
 {
  "w": "touching",
  "uk": "/ˈtʌtʃɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈtʌtʃɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "感人的；动人的",
    "en": "making you feel affection, sympathy, or gentle sadness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "触摸；碰（现在分词）",
    "en": "putting a hand or another body part against something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her touching farewell brought tears to my eyes.",
    "zh": "她感人的道别让我热泪盈眶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The documentary offers a touching account of volunteers helping older residents overcome loneliness in urban communities.",
    "zh": "这部纪录片动人地讲述了志愿者帮助城市社区的老年居民克服孤独的故事。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a touching story｜感人的故事",
   "a touching gesture｜暖心的举动",
   "a touching tribute｜感人的致敬"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "touch (v.)",
   "touched (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "moving",
   "heartwarming"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "touching形容事情感人；touched形容人受到感动。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "touching"
 },
 {
  "w": "novice",
  "uk": "/ˈnɒvɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈnɑːvɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新手；初学者",
    "en": "someone with little experience in a particular activity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "As a gardening novice, I often forget to water seedlings.",
    "zh": "作为园艺新手，我常常忘记给幼苗浇水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Structured mentoring can help a novice develop the confidence needed to manage a classroom effectively.",
    "zh": "有系统的指导能帮助新手建立有效管理课堂所需的信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a complete novice｜完全的新手",
   "a novice driver｜新手司机",
   "a novice at｜……方面的新手"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "beginner",
   "newcomer"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "expert",
   "veteran"
  ],
  "tip": "表示某方面的新手，常用a novice at/in。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "novice"
 },
 {
  "w": "decent",
  "uk": "/ˈdiːsənt/",
  "us": "/ˈdiːsənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "尚好的；像样的",
    "en": "of a satisfactory or reasonably good standard"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "正派的；得体的",
    "en": "honest, kind, or socially acceptable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We finally found a decent flat near the station.",
    "zh": "我们终于在车站附近找到了一套像样的公寓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every worker should earn enough to afford decent housing and meet their basic needs.",
    "zh": "每位劳动者都应有足够的收入，住上像样的住房并满足基本需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "decent housing｜像样的住房",
   "a decent salary｜不错的薪水",
   "a decent person｜正派的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "decency (n.)",
   "decently (adv.)",
   "indecent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "satisfactory",
   "respectable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "indecent"
  ],
  "tip": "表示质量时是“还不错”，不等于“极好”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "decent"
 },
 {
  "w": "nursery",
  "uk": "/ˈnɜːsəri/",
  "us": "/ˈnɝːsəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "托儿所；幼儿园",
    "en": "a place where young children are cared for"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "苗圃",
    "en": "a place where young plants are grown for sale"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "婴儿室；儿童房",
    "en": "a room in a home for a baby or young child"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My daughter painted a bright yellow duck at nursery.",
    "zh": "我女儿在幼儿园画了一只鲜黄色的鸭子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable nursery places allow more parents to return to work while their children receive professional care.",
    "zh": "价格可负担的托幼名额能让更多父母重返职场，同时让孩子得到专业照护。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nursery school｜幼儿园",
   "nursery staff｜托幼工作人员",
   "plant nursery｜苗圃",
   "nursery rhyme｜童谣"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语中at nursery常指在托儿所。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nursery"
 },
 {
  "w": "scholar",
  "uk": "/ˈskɒlə/",
  "us": "/ˈskɑːlər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学者",
    "en": "A person with deep knowledge of an academic subject."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奖学金获得者",
    "en": "A student awarded money to study because of their abilities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The scholar carefully examined an old book in the library.",
    "zh": "这位学者在图书馆仔细研究一本古书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scholars increasingly argue that access to early education can reduce social inequality over the long term.",
    "zh": "越来越多学者认为，获得早期教育的机会能够长期减少社会不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a leading scholar｜杰出学者",
   "a visiting scholar｜访问学者",
   "a distinguished scholar｜著名学者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scholarly (adj.)",
   "scholarship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "academic"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "scholar通常指学者，不是普通学生。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scholar"
 },
 {
  "w": "rally",
  "uk": "/ˈræli/",
  "us": "/ˈræli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公众集会",
    "en": "A large public meeting supporting a cause or expressing opinions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "集结；团结支持",
    "en": "To gather people together to support someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "恢复；振作；回升",
    "en": "To regain strength or improve after a difficult period."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Hundreds attended a peaceful rally in the town square.",
    "zh": "数百人参加了镇广场上的和平集会。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community leaders rallied support for a public library, arguing that free access to information benefits everyone.",
    "zh": "社区领袖争取大家支持建设公共图书馆，认为免费获取信息能让所有人受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hold a rally｜举行集会",
   "rally support｜争取支持",
   "rally around someone｜团结起来支持某人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "gathering",
   "mobilise",
   "recover"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rally support for表示“为……争取支持”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rally"
 },
 {
  "w": "consistency",
  "uk": "/kənˈsɪstənsi/",
  "us": "/kənˈsɪstənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一致性；稳定性",
    "en": "The quality of staying similar in behaviour, standards, or results."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "稠度；黏稠度",
    "en": "How thick, firm, or smooth a substance is."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our coach values consistency more than occasional brilliant performances.",
    "zh": "我们的教练更看重稳定发挥，而不是偶尔的出色表现。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Greater consistency in marking standards would help ensure that students receive fair results across different examination centres.",
    "zh": "提高评分标准的一致性，有助于确保不同考点的学生获得公平的成绩。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "consistency in quality｜质量的稳定性",
   "maintain consistency｜保持一致性",
   "a smooth consistency｜细腻均匀的质地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consistent (adj.)",
   "consistently (adv.)",
   "inconsistent (adj.)",
   "inconsistency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "uniformity"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inconsistency"
  ],
  "tip": "表示某方面的一致性用 consistency in。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consistency"
 },
 {
  "w": "reference",
  "uk": "/ˈrefrəns/",
  "us": "/ˈrefərəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "提及；涉及",
    "en": "a mention of someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "参考；引文出处",
    "en": "consultation for information, or a source used in writing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推荐信；证明人",
    "en": "a recommendation or someone who recommends you for work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her speech included a warm reference to her grandmother.",
    "zh": "她在演讲中温情地提到了祖母。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Academic essays should include accurate references so readers can locate the original sources of information.",
    "zh": "学术文章应包含准确的引文出处，以便读者找到信息的原始来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make reference to｜提及",
   "for future reference｜供日后参考",
   "provide a reference｜提供推荐信"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "refer (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "reference to表示提及；for reference表示供参考。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reference"
 },
 {
  "w": "optimism",
  "uk": "/ˈɒptɪmɪzəm/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːptɪmɪzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乐观；乐观态度",
    "en": "The belief that good things will happen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her optimism helped us stay cheerful during the storm.",
    "zh": "暴风雨期间，她的乐观让我们保持了好心情。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Despite economic uncertainty, many graduates express optimism about their chances of finding meaningful employment.",
    "zh": "尽管经济形势不明朗，许多毕业生仍对找到有意义的工作持乐观态度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cautious optimism｜谨慎乐观",
   "optimism about the future｜对未来的乐观态度",
   "grounds for optimism｜乐观的理由"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "optimist (n.)",
   "optimistic (adj.)",
   "optimistically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hopefulness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "pessimism"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；对某事乐观常用optimism about。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "optimism"
 },
 {
  "w": "principle",
  "uk": "/ˈprɪnsəpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈprɪnsəpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "原则；行为准则",
    "en": "A belief or rule that guides decisions and behaviour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "原理；基本法则",
    "en": "A basic truth explaining how something works."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I refused the extra money as a matter of principle.",
    "zh": "出于原则，我拒绝了那笔额外的钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The principle of equal opportunity should guide policies designed to improve access to higher education.",
    "zh": "旨在改善高等教育入学机会的政策应以机会平等原则为指导。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "basic principle｜基本原则；基本原理",
   "in principle｜原则上；理论上",
   "on principle｜出于原则",
   "guiding principle｜指导原则"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "principled (adj.)",
   "unprincipled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rule",
   "standard",
   "doctrine"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "勿混principal：它可指“主要的”或“校长”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "principle"
 },
 {
  "w": "bouquet",
  "uk": "/buˈkeɪ/",
  "us": "/buˈkeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "花束",
    "en": "A group of flowers arranged together, usually as a gift."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酒香",
    "en": "The characteristic pleasant smell of a wine."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She brought a bright bouquet to her grandmother's birthday dinner.",
    "zh": "她带着一束鲜艳的花来参加祖母的生日晚餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing a bouquet of locally grown flowers can reduce the environmental impact associated with long-distance transport.",
    "zh": "选择一束本地种植的鲜花，可以减少长途运输带来的环境影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bouquet of flowers｜一束鲜花",
   "bridal bouquet｜新娘捧花",
   "a bouquet of roses｜一束玫瑰"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "末尾t不发音；一束花用a bouquet of flowers。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bouquet"
 },
 {
  "w": "implement",
  "uk": "/ˈɪmplɪment/",
  "us": "/ˈɪmpləment/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "实施；执行",
    "en": "to put a plan or decision into action"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工具；器具",
    "en": "a tool used for a particular task"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our team will implement the new schedule next week.",
    "zh": "我们团队下周将实行新的时间表。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should implement policies that make public transport more affordable for people on low incomes.",
    "zh": "政府应实施相关政策，让低收入人群更负担得起公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "implement a policy｜实施政策",
   "implement a plan｜执行计划",
   "agricultural implements｜农具"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "implementation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词重音在首音节；名词末音节读/mənt/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "implement"
 },
 {
  "w": "ensure",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈʃʊə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈʃʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "确保；保证",
    "en": "To make certain that something happens or is true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please ensure that all windows are closed before leaving.",
    "zh": "离开前请确保所有窗户都已关好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should ensure that affordable public transport is available to residents in both urban and rural areas.",
    "zh": "政府应确保城市和农村居民都能享有价格实惠的公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ensure safety｜确保安全",
   "ensure access｜确保能够获得",
   "ensure that｜确保"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "guarantee",
   "make sure"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ensure接名词或that从句；insure指投保。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ensure"
 },
 {
  "w": "species",
  "uk": "/ˈspiːʃiːz/",
  "us": "/ˈspiːʃiːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "物种",
    "en": "A biological group whose members can usually breed with one another."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Several species of butterfly visit our garden each summer.",
    "zh": "每年夏天都有几种蝴蝶来到我们的花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting natural habitats is essential for preventing the extinction of species threatened by human activity.",
    "zh": "保护自然栖息地对于防止受人类活动威胁的物种灭绝至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "endangered species｜濒危物种",
   "native species｜本地物种",
   "invasive species｜入侵物种",
   "species diversity｜物种多样性"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单复数同形：one species，many species。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "species"
 },
 {
  "w": "extent",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈstent/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈstent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "程度；范围",
    "en": "How much something happens or how far it reaches."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We only discovered the extent of the leak yesterday.",
    "zh": "我们昨天才发现漏水有多严重。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The extent to which public transport reduces pollution depends on passenger numbers and energy sources.",
    "zh": "公共交通能在多大程度上减少污染，取决于乘客数量和能源来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "to some extent｜在某种程度上",
   "the full extent of｜……的全部程度或范围",
   "to a large extent｜在很大程度上"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "extend (v.)",
   "extension (n.)",
   "extensive (adj.)",
   "extensively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“在某种程度上”用to some extent。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "extent"
 },
 {
  "w": "claw",
  "uk": "/klɔː/",
  "us": "/klɔː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爪；爪子",
    "en": "a sharp, curved nail on an animal's foot"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "螯；钳",
    "en": "a jointed gripping part on a crab or similar animal"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用爪抓；用力抓挠",
    "en": "to scratch or pull at something with claws or fingers"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cat caught my sleeve with one sharp claw.",
    "zh": "猫用一只尖爪钩住了我的袖子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sharp claws help many predators catch prey, while other animals use them to climb or dig.",
    "zh": "锋利的爪子帮助许多捕食者捕获猎物，而其他动物则用爪子攀爬或挖掘。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sharp claws｜锋利的爪子",
   "crab claws｜蟹螯",
   "claw at something｜使劲抓挠某物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clawed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "claw是尖爪；paw指猫狗等动物的整个脚掌。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "claw"
 },
 {
  "w": "dawn",
  "uk": "/dɔːn/",
  "us": "/dɔːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "黎明；拂晓",
    "en": "the early morning when daylight first appears"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "开端；萌芽",
    "en": "the beginning of a new period or development"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开始明白；破晓",
    "en": "to become understood, or to begin growing light"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We left at dawn to avoid the heavy traffic.",
    "zh": "我们黎明时就出发了，以避开拥堵的交通。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The dawn of digital communication has transformed how people maintain relationships across national borders.",
    "zh": "数字通信时代的到来改变了人们跨国维系人际关系的方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at dawn｜在黎明时分",
   "from dawn to dusk｜从早到晚",
   "the dawn of a new era｜新时代的开端",
   "dawn on someone｜使某人开始明白"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "daybreak"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dusk"
  ],
  "tip": "It dawned on me that…表示“我开始明白……”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dawn"
 },
 {
  "w": "transparent",
  "uk": "/trænsˈpærənt/",
  "us": "/trænsˈperənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "透明的",
    "en": "Allowing light through so objects behind can be seen clearly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "公开透明的",
    "en": "Open and clear about decisions, actions, or methods."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "显而易见的；易识破的",
    "en": "Easy to recognise or understand, especially as false."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She keeps her buttons in a transparent plastic box.",
    "zh": "她把纽扣放在一个透明塑料盒里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public institutions need transparent recruitment procedures to ensure fairness and maintain the trust of local communities.",
    "zh": "公共机构需要公开透明的招聘程序，以确保公平并维持当地社区的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "transparent glass｜透明玻璃",
   "transparent process｜透明的流程",
   "transparent excuse｜一眼就能识破的借口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transparency (n.)",
   "transparently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clear",
   "see-through"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "opaque"
  ],
  "tip": "透明强调看得清；translucent指透光但看不清。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transparent"
 },
 {
  "w": "upbringing",
  "uk": "/ˈʌpbrɪŋɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈʌpbrɪŋɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抚育；家庭教养",
    "en": "The way parents care for and teach a child"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her upbringing taught her to share with others.",
    "zh": "她从小受到的家庭教育让她懂得与人分享。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A supportive upbringing can help children develop confidence and cope more effectively with challenges at school.",
    "zh": "充满支持的家庭养育有助于孩子建立自信，更有效地应对学校里的挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a strict upbringing｜严格的家庭教育",
   "a sheltered upbringing｜备受呵护的成长经历",
   "a privileged upbringing｜优越的成长环境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bring up (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指童年养育及家庭教育，不等同于学校教育。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "upbringing"
 },
 {
  "w": "psychology",
  "uk": "/saɪˈkɒlədʒi/",
  "us": "/saɪˈkɑːlədʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "心理学",
    "en": "The scientific study of the mind and behaviour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "心理特点；心理状态",
    "en": "The characteristic ways a person or group thinks and behaves."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister studies psychology and hopes to help children.",
    "zh": "我姐姐学习心理学，希望将来帮助儿童。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Research in psychology suggests that regular social interaction can support emotional wellbeing among older adults.",
    "zh": "心理学研究表明，经常进行社交互动有助于维护老年人的情绪健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clinical psychology｜临床心理学",
   "educational psychology｜教育心理学",
   "consumer psychology｜消费者心理",
   "study psychology｜学习心理学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "psychologist (n.)",
   "psychological (adj.)",
   "psychologically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "开头的p不发音；psychologist指心理学家。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "psychology"
 },
 {
  "w": "calory",
  "uk": "/ˈkæləri/",
  "us": "/ˈkæləri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卡路里；热量单位",
    "en": "A unit measuring heat energy or energy supplied by food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I do not count every calory in my lunch.",
    "zh": "我不会计算午餐里的每一卡路里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although calory intake matters, public health advice should also consider nutritional quality and access to fresh food.",
    "zh": "虽然热量摄入很重要，但公共卫生建议也应考虑营养质量以及新鲜食物的可获得性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "calory intake｜热量摄入",
   "calory content｜热量含量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "calorie (n.)",
   "caloric (adj.)",
   "calorific (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "calorie"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "calory是罕用变体；现代写作请用calorie。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "calory"
 },
 {
  "w": "subheading",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌbhedɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌbhedɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小标题；分标题",
    "en": "a title introducing a section within a longer piece"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This subheading helps me find the recipe's cooking instructions.",
    "zh": "这个小标题帮我找到了食谱中的烹饪步骤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each subheading in a research report should clearly indicate the focus of the following section.",
    "zh": "研究报告中的每个小标题都应明确指出其后部分的重点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clear subheading｜清晰的小标题",
   "descriptive subheading｜说明性小标题",
   "add a subheading｜添加小标题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "heading (n.)",
   "head (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指文章内部的分标题，不指影视字幕。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "subheading"
 },
 {
  "w": "handful",
  "uk": "/ˈhændfʊl/",
  "us": "/ˈhændfʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一把；一手之量",
    "en": "An amount that can be held in one hand."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "少数；少量",
    "en": "A small number of people or things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "难管的人；棘手的事物",
    "en": "Someone or something that is difficult to manage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He sprinkled a handful of nuts over his breakfast.",
    "zh": "他在早餐上撒了一把坚果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Only a handful of rural communities have reliable public transport, limiting residents' access to employment and healthcare.",
    "zh": "只有少数农村社区拥有可靠的公共交通，这限制了居民获得就业机会和医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a handful of rice｜一把米",
   "a handful of people｜少数人",
   "be a handful｜难以管束"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hand (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a handful of可接不可数名词或复数名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "handful"
 },
 {
  "w": "derive",
  "uk": "/dɪˈraɪv/",
  "us": "/dɪˈraɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "获得；得到",
    "en": "to obtain something from a particular source"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "源于；来自",
    "en": "to come or develop from something else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I derive great pleasure from growing vegetables on my balcony.",
    "zh": "在阳台上种菜让我获得很大的乐趣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many coastal communities derive a significant proportion of their income from tourism and fishing.",
    "zh": "许多沿海社区的收入有很大一部分来自旅游业和渔业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "derive pleasure from｜从……获得乐趣",
   "derive income from｜从……获得收入",
   "derive from｜源于",
   "be derived from｜由……衍生而来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "derivation (n.)",
   "derivative (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "obtain",
   "gain"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "derive A from B指从B获得A；derive from指源于。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "derive"
 },
 {
  "w": "fellow",
  "uk": "/ˈfeləʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈfeloʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "同伴的；同类的",
    "en": "Sharing a situation, activity, or status with someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男子；家伙",
    "en": "A man or boy, referred to informally"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学会会员；学院研究员",
    "en": "A member of a learned society or certain academic institutions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I shared my umbrella with a fellow passenger.",
    "zh": "我和一位同行的乘客共撑了一把伞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who regularly exchange ideas with fellow learners often develop greater confidence and stronger communication skills.",
    "zh": "经常与同学交流想法的学生往往能增强自信，提高沟通能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fellow students｜同学",
   "fellow passengers｜同行乘客",
   "research fellow｜研究员",
   "a friendly fellow｜友善的男子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fellowship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词只放名词前，如my fellow students。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fellow"
 },
 {
  "w": "drip",
  "uk": "/drɪp/",
  "us": "/drɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "滴下；滴水",
    "en": "To fall or let liquid fall in separate drops."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水滴；滴水声",
    "en": "A small drop of liquid, or the sound it makes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "静脉滴注",
    "en": "Equipment that slowly delivers liquid into a patient's vein."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Water dripped from my umbrella onto the kitchen floor.",
    "zh": "水从我的伞上滴到了厨房地板上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Leaking pipes can drip continuously, wasting substantial amounts of water in cities with ageing infrastructure.",
    "zh": "漏水的管道可能不断滴水，使基础设施老化的城市浪费大量水资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "drip from｜从……滴下",
   "a dripping tap｜滴水的水龙头",
   "put someone on a drip｜给某人输液"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dripping (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语用 on a drip 表示正在输液。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drip"
 },
 {
  "w": "shallow",
  "uk": "/ˈʃæləʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈʃæloʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "浅的",
    "en": "Having little depth from the surface to the bottom"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "肤浅的；浅薄的",
    "en": "Lacking serious thought, understanding, or emotional depth"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "呼吸浅的",
    "en": "Taking only a small amount of air into the lungs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children splashed happily in the shallow end of the pool.",
    "zh": "孩子们在泳池浅水区开心地戏水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shallow coastal waters provide important habitats for young fish, making their protection essential for sustainable fisheries.",
    "zh": "浅海沿岸水域为幼鱼提供重要栖息地，因此保护这些水域对渔业的可持续发展至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shallow water｜浅水",
   "a shallow dish｜浅盘",
   "shallow breathing｜浅呼吸",
   "a shallow understanding｜肤浅的理解"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shallowness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "superficial"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "deep"
  ],
  "tip": "水浅或思想肤浅都可用shallow，反义词为deep。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shallow"
 },
 {
  "w": "wink",
  "uk": "/wɪŋk/",
  "us": "/wɪŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "眨一只眼示意",
    "en": "to close and open one eye quickly as a signal"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "眨眼示意",
    "en": "a quick closing and opening of one eye as a signal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister winked at me across the dinner table.",
    "zh": "姐姐隔着餐桌朝我眨了一只眼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A friendly wink may communicate shared understanding, although its meaning can vary considerably across different cultures.",
    "zh": "友善的眨眼可能传达彼此的默契，但其含义在不同文化间可能有很大差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wink at someone｜朝某人眨眼",
   "give someone a wink｜向某人眨眼示意",
   "not sleep a wink｜一夜没合眼"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wink常指单眼示意；blink指自然眨眼。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wink"
 },
 {
  "w": "graze",
  "uk": "/ɡreɪz/",
  "us": "/ɡreɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吃草；放牧",
    "en": "to eat growing grass, or let animals feed on it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "擦伤；擦过",
    "en": "to scrape skin slightly or touch something while passing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "擦伤",
    "en": "a small injury where skin has been scraped off"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sheep graze quietly beside the river every summer morning.",
    "zh": "每个夏日清晨，羊群都在河边安静地吃草。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Allowing cattle to graze too intensively can damage vegetation and increase the risk of soil erosion.",
    "zh": "让牛群过度放牧会破坏植被，并增加水土流失的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "graze on grass｜吃草",
   "graze cattle｜放牛",
   "graze your knee｜擦伤膝盖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grazing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动物吃草可说graze on grass；graze cattle指放牛。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "graze"
 },
 {
  "w": "emerge",
  "uk": "/ɪˈmɜːdʒ/",
  "us": "/ɪˈmɝːdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "出现；显露",
    "en": "To become visible or known after being hidden."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逐渐形成；崭露头角",
    "en": "To develop or become important and noticeable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small rabbit emerged from beneath the garden shed.",
    "zh": "一只小兔子从花园棚屋底下钻了出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "New employment opportunities may emerge as governments invest more heavily in renewable energy infrastructure.",
    "zh": "随着政府加大对可再生能源基础设施的投资，新的就业机会可能会出现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "emerge from｜从……中出现",
   "emerge as a leader｜崭露头角成为领导者",
   "evidence emerges｜证据浮现"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "emergence (n.)",
   "emerging (adj.)",
   "emergent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "appear",
   "surface"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disappear"
  ],
  "tip": "不及物动词；常用emerge from或emerge as。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "emerge"
 },
 {
  "w": "humble",
  "uk": "/ˈhʌmbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈhʌmbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "谦逊的",
    "en": "Not believing or acting as though you are better than others."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "简陋的；地位低微的",
    "en": "Simple or low in social position, wealth, or importance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使谦逊；使认识到不足",
    "en": "To make someone feel less proud or important."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Despite winning the prize, she remained humble and thanked everyone.",
    "zh": "尽管获了奖，她依然谦逊，并向所有人表示感谢。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective leaders remain humble enough to acknowledge mistakes and learn from colleagues with different backgrounds and experiences.",
    "zh": "优秀的领导者保持谦逊，愿意承认错误，并向背景和经历不同的同事学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remain humble｜保持谦逊",
   "humble origins｜卑微的出身",
   "a humble home｜简陋的家",
   "in my humble opinion｜依我拙见"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "humbly (adv.)",
   "humility (n.)",
   "humbleness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "modest",
   "unassuming"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "arrogant",
   "conceited"
  ],
  "tip": "谦逊是humble；不要与“羞辱”humiliate混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "humble"
 },
 {
  "w": "administration",
  "uk": "/ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "管理；行政工作",
    "en": "The work of organising and running an institution or business."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "政府；行政管理层",
    "en": "The people responsible for managing a government or organisation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "施用；给予",
    "en": "The act of giving medicine or treatment to someone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She handles the administration for our local sports club.",
    "zh": "她负责我们当地体育俱乐部的行政工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Efficient administration allows public hospitals to allocate resources fairly and respond more quickly to patients' needs.",
    "zh": "高效的行政管理使公立医院能够公平分配资源，更快地回应患者需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public administration｜公共行政",
   "business administration｜工商管理",
   "school administration｜学校行政管理",
   "administration of medication｜给药"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "administer (v.)",
   "administrator (n.)",
   "administrative (adj.)",
   "administratively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "management"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指管理工作时通常不可数；指一届政府时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "administration"
 },
 {
  "w": "alcoholism",
  "uk": "/ˈælkəhɒlɪzəm/",
  "us": "/ˈælkəhɔːlɪzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酒精依赖；酒瘾",
    "en": "a condition involving dependence on alcohol and difficulty controlling drinking"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The clinic offers confidential support for people with alcoholism.",
    "zh": "这家诊所为有酒精依赖问题的人提供保密的支持服务。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective treatment for alcoholism often combines medical care, psychological support, and help from family members.",
    "zh": "有效治疗酒精依赖通常需要结合医疗护理、心理支持和家人的帮助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "treatment for alcoholism｜酒精依赖的治疗",
   "recover from alcoholism｜从酒精依赖中康复",
   "chronic alcoholism｜慢性酒精依赖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "alcohol (n.)",
   "alcoholic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "alcohol dependence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指酒精依赖这一疾病，不指嗜酒的人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alcoholism"
 },
 {
  "w": "hopeful",
  "uk": "/ˈhəʊpfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈhoʊpfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "满怀希望的",
    "en": "feeling that something good is likely to happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有希望的；有望成功的",
    "en": "suggesting that a good result is likely"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "有望成功的人；竞争者",
    "en": "someone hoping to succeed in a competition or particular career"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She felt hopeful after her first successful driving lesson.",
    "zh": "第一次驾驶课上得很顺利，她感到充满希望。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists remain hopeful that improved battery technology will make renewable energy more reliable and affordable.",
    "zh": "科学家仍抱有希望，认为电池技术的改进将使可再生能源更加可靠且价格更亲民。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hopeful about the future｜对未来充满希望",
   "hopeful that｜希望……",
   "a hopeful sign｜令人看到希望的迹象"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hope (n.)",
   "hope (v.)",
   "hopefully (adv.)",
   "hopeless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "optimistic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hopeless",
   "pessimistic"
  ],
  "tip": "人满怀希望用hopeful；事物有前景常用promising。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hopeful"
 },
 {
  "w": "clarinet",
  "uk": "/ˌklærəˈnet/",
  "us": "/ˌklærəˈnet/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "单簧管；黑管",
    "en": "A woodwind instrument with a single reed and finger-operated keys."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister practises the clarinet quietly after dinner.",
    "zh": "我姐姐晚饭后轻声练习单簧管。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning to play the clarinet can help children develop concentration while encouraging participation in school orchestras.",
    "zh": "学习吹奏单簧管能帮助儿童培养专注力，同时鼓励他们参加学校管弦乐团。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play the clarinet｜吹单簧管",
   "a clarinet solo｜单簧管独奏",
   "a clarinet player｜单簧管演奏者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clarinettist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "演奏乐器通常说play the clarinet，注意加the。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clarinet"
 },
 {
  "w": "dove",
  "uk": "/dʌv/",
  "us": "/dʌv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鸽子",
    "en": "a bird often associated with peace"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "主和派人士",
    "en": "someone who favours peaceful solutions rather than military action"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A white dove landed gently on our garden wall.",
    "zh": "一只白鸽轻轻落在我们花园的围墙上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Political doves argue that international disputes should be resolved through negotiation rather than military intervention.",
    "zh": "政治上的主和派认为，国际争端应通过谈判而非军事干预解决。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a white dove｜白鸽",
   "a symbol of peace｜和平的象征",
   "a political dove｜政治上的主和派人士"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "hawk"
  ],
  "tip": "指主和派时，与主张强硬手段的hawk相对。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dove"
 },
 {
  "w": "rewarding",
  "uk": "/rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ/",
  "us": "/rɪˈwɔːrdɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有意义的；令人满足的",
    "en": "giving satisfaction or a sense of achievement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "回报丰厚的",
    "en": "providing substantial financial benefits"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Teaching my little cousin to swim was surprisingly rewarding.",
    "zh": "教我的小表弟游泳，出乎意料地让我很有成就感。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Volunteering can be a rewarding experience that develops practical skills and strengthens connections within local communities.",
    "zh": "志愿服务可以是一段有意义的经历，既能培养实用技能，也能加强当地社区内部的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rewarding experience｜有意义的经历",
   "rewarding career｜有成就感的职业",
   "financially rewarding｜经济回报丰厚的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reward (n.)",
   "reward (v.)",
   "unrewarding (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fulfilling",
   "satisfying"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unrewarding",
   "unfulfilling"
  ],
  "tip": "多指带来满足感；强调赚钱可加financially。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rewarding"
 },
 {
  "w": "forbid",
  "uk": "/fəˈbɪd/",
  "us": "/fɚˈbɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "禁止；不准",
    "en": "To order someone not to do something or disallow it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our building rules forbid leaving bicycles in the hallway.",
    "zh": "我们楼的规定禁止将自行车停放在走廊里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should forbid companies from releasing untreated waste into rivers to protect public health and aquatic ecosystems.",
    "zh": "政府应禁止企业将未经处理的废弃物排入河流，以保护公众健康和水生生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "forbid someone to do something｜禁止某人做某事",
   "forbid someone from doing something｜禁止某人做某事",
   "strictly forbidden｜严禁的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "forbidden (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "prohibit",
   "ban"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "allow",
   "permit"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式forbade，过去分词forbidden；可接动名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "forbid"
 },
 {
  "w": "superior",
  "uk": "/suːˈpɪəriə/",
  "us": "/suːˈpɪriər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "更好的；更优质的",
    "en": "Better in quality or performance than another"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "上级；上司",
    "en": "Someone with a higher position or rank than you"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自以为优越的；高傲的",
    "en": "Behaving as though you are better than other people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These boots offer superior grip on wet paths.",
    "zh": "这双靴子在湿滑小路上的防滑性能更好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport can provide a superior alternative to private cars when services are frequent and reliable.",
    "zh": "当班次密集且服务可靠时，公共交通可以成为比私家车更好的出行选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "superior quality｜更优的质量",
   "superior to｜优于",
   "immediate superior｜直属上司",
   "a superior attitude｜高傲的态度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "superiority (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "better"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inferior"
  ],
  "tip": "比较时用superior to，不用superior than。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "superior"
 },
 {
  "w": "astonishment",
  "uk": "/əˈstɒnɪʃmənt/",
  "us": "/əˈstɑːnɪʃmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "惊讶；震惊",
    "en": "a feeling of very great surprise"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He stared in astonishment as the tiny seedling flowered.",
    "zh": "看到小小的幼苗开花了，他惊讶地瞪大了眼睛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The speed of technological change often causes astonishment, particularly among people who remember life before widespread internet access.",
    "zh": "技术变革的速度常令人惊叹，尤其是那些还记得互联网普及前生活的人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in astonishment｜惊讶地",
   "to someone's astonishment｜令某人惊讶的是",
   "express astonishment｜表示惊讶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "astonish (v.)",
   "astonished (adj.)",
   "astonishing (adj.)",
   "astonishingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "amazement",
   "surprise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；to one's astonishment表示令某人惊讶的是。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "astonishment"
 },
 {
  "w": "leak",
  "uk": "/liːk/",
  "us": "/liːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "泄漏；漏处",
    "en": "An escape of liquid or gas, or an opening allowing it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "漏出；泄漏",
    "en": "To let liquid or gas escape through a hole or crack."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "泄露秘密",
    "en": "To reveal private information without permission."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A leak under the sink soaked all our cleaning cloths.",
    "zh": "水槽下方的漏水把我们所有的清洁布都浸湿了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Water companies should repair leaks promptly to conserve resources and reduce unnecessary pressure on local supplies.",
    "zh": "供水公司应及时修复漏水处，以节约资源并减轻当地供水的不必要压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a gas leak｜燃气泄漏",
   "repair a leak｜修复漏处",
   "leak confidential information｜泄露机密信息",
   "a leaking pipe｜漏水的管道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "leakage (n.)",
   "leaky (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "leak 可作名词或动词，也可指秘密信息泄露。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "leak"
 },
 {
  "w": "modification",
  "uk": "/ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌmɑːdəfəˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "修改；改进",
    "en": "A change made to improve something or suit a purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small modification makes the chair much more comfortable.",
    "zh": "这处小改动让椅子舒服多了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modification of existing buildings can reduce energy consumption without the environmental costs of new construction.",
    "zh": "改造现有建筑可以降低能耗，同时避免新建工程带来的环境代价。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a modification｜作出修改",
   "minor modification｜小幅修改",
   "genetic modification｜基因改造"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "modify (v.)",
   "modified (adj.)",
   "modifier (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "alteration",
   "adjustment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数时指具体改动，不可数时指修改过程。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "modification"
 },
 {
  "w": "auction",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːkʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拍卖",
    "en": "a sale where an item goes to the highest bidder"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拍卖出售",
    "en": "to sell something to the person offering the most money"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt bought this old clock at an auction.",
    "zh": "我姑姑在一次拍卖会上买下了这座旧钟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Charities often auction donated artwork to raise funds for educational programmes in communities with limited resources.",
    "zh": "慈善机构常拍卖获捐的艺术品，为资源匮乏社区的教育项目筹款。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at auction｜通过拍卖",
   "hold an auction｜举行拍卖",
   "auction off｜拍卖掉",
   "online auction｜网上拍卖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "auctioneer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "at auction可不加冠词；auction off表示拍卖掉。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "auction"
 },
 {
  "w": "blade",
  "uk": "/bleɪd/",
  "us": "/bleɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刀片；刀身",
    "en": "The flat cutting part of a knife or tool."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "桨叶；叶片",
    "en": "A flat part that rotates to move air or water."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "草叶",
    "en": "A long narrow leaf of grass."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The knife's blade was too blunt to slice tomatoes.",
    "zh": "这把刀的刀刃太钝，切不动番茄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each blade of a wind turbine is designed to capture energy efficiently from moving air.",
    "zh": "风力涡轮机的每片叶片都经过专门设计，以高效获取流动空气中的能量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sharp blade｜锋利的刀刃",
   "a razor blade｜剃须刀片",
   "a turbine blade｜涡轮叶片",
   "a blade of grass｜一片草叶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "blade指刀的切割部分，knife指整把刀。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blade"
 },
 {
  "w": "stubborn",
  "uk": "/ˈstʌbən/",
  "us": "/ˈstʌbərn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "固执的；顽固的",
    "en": "Unwilling to change your opinion or behaviour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "难以去除或解决的",
    "en": "Difficult to remove, treat, or deal with."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My stubborn brother refused to wear a coat outside.",
    "zh": "我那固执的弟弟不肯穿外套出门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stubborn resistance to change can prevent organisations from adopting more efficient and environmentally responsible practices.",
    "zh": "顽固地抵制变革可能使机构无法采用更高效、更环保的做法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stubborn refusal｜坚决拒绝",
   "stubborn resistance｜顽固抵抗",
   "stubborn stain｜顽渍"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stubbornly (adv.)",
   "stubbornness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "obstinate",
   "inflexible"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "flexible"
  ],
  "tip": "形容人多含贬义；也可形容顽渍或难治的病。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stubborn"
 },
 {
  "w": "armour",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːmə/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːrmɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盔甲；装甲",
    "en": "Strong protective covering worn in battle or fitted to vehicles."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "装甲车辆；装甲部队",
    "en": "Military vehicles with protective covering, considered as a group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displayed a knight's armour beside a wooden shield.",
    "zh": "博物馆在一面木盾旁展出了一套骑士盔甲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Surviving examples of medieval armour reveal how metalworking skills developed in response to changing military needs.",
    "zh": "现存的中世纪盔甲展示了金属加工技术如何随着军事需求的变化而发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a suit of armour｜一套盔甲",
   "body armour｜防护甲",
   "heavy armour｜重型装甲"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "armoured (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式armour，美式armor；通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "armour"
 },
 {
  "w": "buck",
  "uk": "/bʌk/",
  "us": "/bʌk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "美元；块钱",
    "en": "An informal word for a dollar."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雄鹿；雄兔",
    "en": "A male deer, rabbit, or certain other animals."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "尥蹶子；弓背跳跃",
    "en": "For a horse to jump with its back arched."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I bought this warm scarf for just five bucks.",
    "zh": "我只花了五美元就买到了这条暖和的围巾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although shoppers may save a few bucks online, local retailers often provide more personalised advice and support.",
    "zh": "虽然网上购物可能让顾客省下几美元，但本地零售商往往提供更贴心的建议和帮助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a few bucks｜几美元",
   "make a quick buck｜快速捞钱",
   "pass the buck｜推卸责任",
   "buck the trend｜逆势而行"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "dollar"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示美元时属口语；pass the buck意为推卸责任。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "buck"
 },
 {
  "w": "torture",
  "uk": "/ˈtɔːtʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈtɔːrtʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酷刑；折磨",
    "en": "deliberately inflicted severe pain, or an extremely distressing experience"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拷打；使受折磨",
    "en": "to deliberately cause severe physical or mental suffering"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Waiting all afternoon for the results was pure torture.",
    "zh": "整个下午都在等结果，真是煎熬。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International agreements prohibit torture and require governments to protect the basic rights of all prisoners.",
    "zh": "国际协议禁止酷刑，并要求各国政府保护所有囚犯的基本权利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "psychological torture｜精神折磨",
   "pure torture｜十足的煎熬",
   "prohibit torture｜禁止酷刑",
   "subject someone to torture｜使某人遭受酷刑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "torturer (n.)",
   "tortured (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "torment",
   "agony"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "语气很强；日常可夸张表达煎熬，不只是普通不适。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "torture"
 },
 {
  "w": "sufficient",
  "uk": "/səˈfɪʃənt/",
  "us": "/səˈfɪʃənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "足够的；充分的",
    "en": "enough to meet a need or achieve a purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We have sufficient food for everyone at the picnic.",
    "zh": "我们准备了足够的食物，供参加野餐的每个人享用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without sufficient funding, local authorities may struggle to maintain essential services for their growing populations.",
    "zh": "如果资金不足，地方政府可能难以为不断增长的人口维持基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sufficient evidence｜充分的证据",
   "sufficient funds｜充足的资金",
   "sufficient time｜足够的时间",
   "sufficient for｜足以满足"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suffice (v.)",
   "sufficiently (adv.)",
   "insufficient (adj.)",
   "sufficiency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enough",
   "adequate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "insufficient",
   "inadequate"
  ],
  "tip": "常用sufficient for或sufficient to do，语气较正式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sufficient"
 },
 {
  "w": "capsule",
  "uk": "/ˈkæpsjuːl/",
  "us": "/ˈkæpsəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胶囊",
    "en": "a small soluble case containing medicine that you swallow"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "太空舱；密闭小舱",
    "en": "a small enclosed compartment carrying people or equipment in space"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pharmacist told me to swallow the capsule with water.",
    "zh": "药剂师告诉我要用水吞服这粒胶囊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The space capsule was designed to protect its crew from extreme temperatures during their return to Earth.",
    "zh": "这艘太空舱的设计旨在保护乘员，使其返回地球时免受极端高温的伤害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "swallow a capsule｜吞服胶囊",
   "space capsule｜太空舱",
   "time capsule｜时间胶囊"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "encapsulate (v.)",
   "encapsulation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "药物capsule有外壳；tablet通常是压制成的药片。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "capsule"
 },
 {
  "w": "comprehension",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒmprɪˈhenʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːmprɪˈhenʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "理解；理解力",
    "en": "The ability to understand something, especially language or ideas."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Drawing a simple diagram helped my comprehension of the instructions.",
    "zh": "画一张简单的图帮助我理解了操作说明。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular exposure to varied reading materials can improve students' comprehension and expand their academic vocabulary.",
    "zh": "经常接触多样的阅读材料可以提高学生的理解力，并扩充其学术词汇。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reading comprehension｜阅读理解",
   "listening comprehension｜听力理解",
   "beyond comprehension｜无法理解"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "comprehend (v.)",
   "comprehensible (adj.)",
   "incomprehensible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "understanding",
   "grasp"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "incomprehension"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；comprehensive意为“全面的”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "comprehension"
 },
 {
  "w": "slogan",
  "uk": "/ˈsləʊɡən/",
  "us": "/ˈsloʊɡən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "口号；标语",
    "en": "a short memorable phrase promoting an idea, group, or product"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our club chose a catchy slogan for its recycling campaign.",
    "zh": "我们社团为回收利用活动选了一句朗朗上口的口号。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An effective environmental slogan can attract attention, but lasting behavioural change usually requires practical support.",
    "zh": "有效的环保口号能够吸引注意，但持久的行为改变通常需要实际支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "catchy slogan｜朗朗上口的口号",
   "advertising slogan｜广告语",
   "campaign slogan｜宣传活动口号",
   "chant slogans｜反复高呼口号"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "catchphrase"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "slogan用于宣传；motto多指座右铭或行为准则。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slogan"
 },
 {
  "w": "greedy",
  "uk": "/ˈɡriːdi/",
  "us": "/ˈɡriːdi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "贪婪的；贪心的",
    "en": "wanting more money or possessions than one needs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "贪吃的",
    "en": "wanting to eat more food than one needs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Don't be greedy; leave some biscuits for your sister.",
    "zh": "别贪吃，给你妹妹留些饼干。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Greedy investors may prioritise immediate profits over the long-term environmental consequences of their business decisions.",
    "zh": "贪婪的投资者可能优先考虑眼前利润，而忽视商业决策的长期环境后果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "greedy for money｜贪财的",
   "greedy for power｜贪恋权力的",
   "a greedy investor｜贪婪的投资者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "greed (n.)",
   "greedily (adv.)",
   "greediness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "avaricious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "generous"
  ],
  "tip": "常含贬义；greedy for后接金钱、权力等所贪之物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "greedy"
 },
 {
  "w": "residence",
  "uk": "/ˈrezɪdəns/",
  "us": "/ˈrezɪdəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "住宅；住所",
    "en": "A house or other place where someone lives."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "居住；居留",
    "en": "The state or period of living in a particular place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their new residence overlooks a quiet garden near the river.",
    "zh": "他们的新居俯瞰着河边一座安静的花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Applicants may need to provide proof of residence before they can access certain local services.",
    "zh": "申请人可能需要提供居住证明，才能使用某些地方服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "place of residence｜居住地",
   "proof of residence｜居住证明",
   "permanent residence｜永久居留",
   "take up residence｜定居；入住"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reside (v.)",
   "resident (n.)",
   "residential (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "home",
   "dwelling"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "residence较正式；居民是resident，住宅区用residential。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "residence"
 },
 {
  "w": "ballroom",
  "uk": "/ˈbɔːlruːm/",
  "us": "/ˈbɔːlruːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "舞厅",
    "en": "A large room used for formal social dancing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Couples glided across the ballroom beneath a sparkling chandelier.",
    "zh": "一对对舞伴在闪亮的枝形吊灯下滑过舞厅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring the historic ballroom could attract visitors while providing local residents with a valuable space for cultural events.",
    "zh": "修复这座历史悠久的舞厅可以吸引游客，同时为当地居民提供宝贵的文化活动场所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ballroom dancing｜交谊舞",
   "a hotel ballroom｜酒店舞厅",
   "a grand ballroom｜豪华大舞厅"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ballroom dancing 指交谊舞，不是夜店蹦迪。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ballroom"
 },
 {
  "w": "shaded",
  "uk": "/ˈʃeɪdɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈʃeɪdɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有遮阴的；背阴的",
    "en": "Protected from direct sunlight."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "涂有阴影的",
    "en": "Made darker with colour or drawn marks."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a shaded bench beneath an old tree.",
    "zh": "我们在一棵老树下找到了一张背阴的长椅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing shaded areas in public parks encourages outdoor activity during hot weather and reduces heat exposure.",
    "zh": "在公园提供遮阴区域，有助于鼓励人们在炎热天气进行户外活动，并减少高温暴露。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shaded area｜遮阴区域；阴影区域",
   "shaded path｜林荫小路",
   "shaded seating｜有遮阴的座位区"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shade (n.)",
   "shade (v.)",
   "shady (adj.)",
   "shading (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shady"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sunlit"
  ],
  "tip": "也可作shade的过去式或过去分词，表示遮挡阳光。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shaded"
 },
 {
  "w": "sack",
  "uk": "/sæk/",
  "us": "/sæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大袋；麻袋",
    "en": "A large, strong bag used for storing or carrying things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "解雇",
    "en": "To dismiss someone from their job."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "解雇",
    "en": "Dismissal from a job, used in the phrase the sack."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We carried a heavy sack of potatoes into the kitchen.",
    "zh": "我们把一大袋沉甸甸的土豆搬进厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should not sack workers without explaining the reasons and allowing them to challenge the decision.",
    "zh": "雇主不应在未说明理由、未允许员工提出异议的情况下解雇他们。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sack of potatoes｜一大袋土豆",
   "get the sack｜被解雇",
   "sack someone for misconduct｜因行为不当解雇某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sacking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bag",
   "dismiss",
   "fire"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示解雇时常用于英式口语；正式用dismiss。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sack"
 },
 {
  "w": "soul",
  "uk": "/səʊl/",
  "us": "/soʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灵魂；心灵",
    "en": "The spiritual part of a person, separate from the body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人",
    "en": "A person, especially when describing their character."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灵魂乐",
    "en": "Expressive popular music combining gospel and rhythm and blues."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Walking beside the sea always seems to soothe my soul.",
    "zh": "在海边散步似乎总能抚慰我的心灵。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many cultural traditions view the soul as something that continues to exist after the body dies.",
    "zh": "许多文化传统认为，灵魂在肉体死亡后仍然存在。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heart and soul｜全心全意",
   "a kind soul｜心地善良的人",
   "not a soul｜一个人也没有",
   "soul music｜灵魂乐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "soulful (adj.)",
   "soulless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "spirit"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "not a soul意为一个人也没有，不是没有灵魂。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "soul"
 },
 {
  "w": "crystal",
  "uk": "/ˈkrɪstəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkrɪstəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "晶体；结晶",
    "en": "A solid whose particles form a regular, repeating pattern."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水晶",
    "en": "Clear quartz used in jewellery and decorative objects."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水晶玻璃；水晶玻璃制品",
    "en": "High-quality glass, or objects made from it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We examined a salt crystal under the classroom microscope.",
    "zh": "我们用教室里的显微镜观察了一颗盐晶体。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The structure of a crystal influences its physical properties and determines its suitability for various industrial applications.",
    "zh": "晶体结构影响其物理性质，并决定它是否适合各种工业用途。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "salt crystals｜盐晶体",
   "crystal structure｜晶体结构",
   "crystal glass｜水晶玻璃",
   "crystal clear｜清澈透明的；十分清楚的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crystalline (adj.)",
   "crystallise (v.)",
   "crystallisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "crystal clear既可形容水清澈，也可表示意思十分清楚。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crystal"
 },
 {
  "w": "elect",
  "uk": "/ɪˈlekt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈlekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "选举；推选",
    "en": "to choose someone for a position by voting"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "选择；决定",
    "en": "to choose to do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our club elected a new captain last night.",
    "zh": "我们俱乐部昨晚选出了一位新队长。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Citizens should elect representatives who are willing to address long-term environmental challenges rather than seek immediate popularity.",
    "zh": "公民应当选举愿意应对长期环境挑战的代表，而不是追求眼前人气的人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "elect a president｜选举总统",
   "elect someone to office｜选举某人任职",
   "elect to do something｜选择做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "election (n.)",
   "electoral (adj.)",
   "electorate (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "choose",
   "select"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "elect sb chair 中职务前常不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elect"
 },
 {
  "w": "abundant",
  "uk": "/əˈbʌndənt/",
  "us": "/əˈbʌndənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "丰富的；充裕的",
    "en": "Available in large amounts, often more than needed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fresh fruit is abundant here during the summer.",
    "zh": "这里夏天有充足的新鲜水果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regions with abundant sunlight have considerable potential to generate affordable electricity from solar energy.",
    "zh": "阳光充足的地区具有利用太阳能生产廉价电力的巨大潜力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "abundant resources｜丰富的资源",
   "abundant evidence｜充分的证据",
   "abundant wildlife｜丰富的野生动植物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "abundance (n.)",
   "abundantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "plentiful",
   "ample"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "scarce"
  ],
  "tip": "abundant强调数量充足；名词搭配an abundance of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "abundant"
 },
 {
  "w": "beneath",
  "uk": "/bɪˈniːθ/",
  "us": "/bɪˈniːθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……下面",
    "en": "In or to a position directly below something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "有失身份；不值得",
    "en": "Considered too low in status or value for someone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在下方",
    "en": "In or to a lower position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our cat slept beneath the table during dinner.",
    "zh": "我们吃晚饭时，猫在桌子下面睡觉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Beneath the city's busy streets, an extensive railway network allows residents to travel efficiently.",
    "zh": "在这座城市繁忙的街道下，庞大的铁路网络让居民能够高效出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "beneath the surface｜在表面之下",
   "beneath your dignity｜有失身份",
   "beneath the waves｜在海浪之下"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "below",
   "under"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "above"
  ],
  "tip": "比under更正式；beneath也可表示有失身份。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beneath"
 },
 {
  "w": "overload",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈləʊd/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvərˈloʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使超载；使负担过重",
    "en": "To put more weight or work on something than manageable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使电路过载",
    "en": "To make an electrical circuit carry more current than safe."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Don't overload your backpack with things you won't use.",
    "zh": "别把用不上的东西塞进背包，让它变得太重。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should avoid overloading students with homework, as excessive pressure can undermine motivation and wellbeing.",
    "zh": "学校应避免让学生承担过重的作业负担，因为过度的压力会削弱学习动力并损害身心健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "overload a vehicle｜使车辆超载",
   "overload someone with work｜给某人过多工作",
   "overload a circuit｜使电路过载"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "load (v.)",
   "overloaded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "overburden"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用overload someone with something。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overload"
 },
 {
  "w": "bear",
  "uk": "/beə/",
  "us": "/ber/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "忍受；承受；承担",
    "en": "to tolerate something unpleasant or carry a heavy responsibility"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "熊",
    "en": "a large, heavily built mammal with thick fur"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "带有；具有",
    "en": "to have or display a particular feature or mark"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I can't bear the noise of that old fan.",
    "zh": "我受不了那台旧风扇的噪声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Low-income households often bear the greatest burden when the cost of essential goods rises.",
    "zh": "生活必需品价格上涨时，低收入家庭往往承受最沉重的负担。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "can't bear｜无法忍受",
   "bear responsibility｜承担责任",
   "bear in mind｜牢记",
   "bear a resemblance to｜与……相似"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bearable (adj.)",
   "unbearable (adj.)",
   "unbearably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "endure",
   "tolerate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式bore；过去分词通常borne；出生用born。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bear"
 },
 {
  "w": "modest",
  "uk": "/ˈmɒdɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːdɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "谦虚的；不自夸的",
    "en": "not boasting about your abilities or achievements"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "适度的；不大的",
    "en": "not large in size, amount, or cost"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "穿着端庄的",
    "en": "wearing clothes that do not reveal much of the body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Despite winning the race, she remained modest about her success.",
    "zh": "尽管赢了比赛，她谈起自己的成功时仍很谦虚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even a modest increase in public transport funding could improve services in rural communities.",
    "zh": "即使公共交通拨款只小幅增加，也可能改善农村社区的服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "modest about one's achievements｜对自己的成就谦虚",
   "a modest increase｜小幅增长",
   "a modest income｜不高的收入"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "modesty (n.)",
   "modestly (adv.)",
   "immodest (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "humble"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "arrogant"
  ],
  "tip": "形容人常指谦虚；形容数量常指不大。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "modest"
 },
 {
  "w": "activated",
  "uk": "/ˈæktɪveɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈæktɪveɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使启动；使激活",
    "en": "Made a device or process start working."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "活化的；经活性处理的",
    "en": "Treated to increase chemical activity or ability to absorb substances."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The moving cat activated the light above our door.",
    "zh": "那只走动的猫触发了我们门上的感应灯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The emergency warning system was activated immediately after sensors detected unusual movement beneath the ocean.",
    "zh": "传感器检测到海底异常运动后，紧急预警系统立即启动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "activated carbon｜活性炭",
   "activated charcoal｜活性炭",
   "voice-activated device｜声控设备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "activate (v.)",
   "activation (n.)",
   "deactivate (v.)",
   "active (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "deactivated"
  ],
  "tip": "是activate的过去式和过去分词；不表示性格活泼。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "activated"
 },
 {
  "w": "landscape",
  "uk": "/ˈlændskeɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈlændskeɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "风景；地貌",
    "en": "The visible features of an area of land."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "局面；格局",
    "en": "The overall conditions and features of a particular field."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "对……进行景观美化",
    "en": "To improve land by arranging plants and other outdoor features."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Snow covered the landscape beyond our small wooden cabin.",
    "zh": "白雪覆盖了我们小木屋外的山野。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Large wind farms can alter the rural landscape, although they provide an important source of clean energy.",
    "zh": "大型风电场虽然是重要的清洁能源来源，却可能改变乡村景观。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rural landscape｜乡村景观",
   "natural landscape｜自然景观",
   "political landscape｜政治格局",
   "landscape design｜景观设计"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "landscaping (n.)",
   "landscaper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "scenery"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "landscape可数，指一片景观；scenery通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "landscape"
 },
 {
  "w": "videotape",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪdiəʊteɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈvɪdioʊteɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "录像带",
    "en": "Magnetic tape used to record moving images and sound."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用录像带录制",
    "en": "To record moving images and sound onto magnetic tape."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found an old videotape of our family picnic.",
    "zh": "我们找到了一盘记录家庭野餐的旧录像带。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Libraries can preserve recordings stored on videotape by converting them into digital formats for future generations.",
    "zh": "图书馆可以将录像带上的影像转成数字格式，为后代保存这些记录。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an old videotape｜一盘旧录像带",
   "on videotape｜以录像带形式",
   "videotape a performance｜用录像带录制演出"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "video (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指磁带录像；现代数字录像通常用video或record。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "videotape"
 },
 {
  "w": "houseboat",
  "uk": "/ˈhaʊsbəʊt/",
  "us": "/ˈhaʊsboʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "居住船；船屋",
    "en": "A boat designed or adapted for people to live in."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent the weekend on a houseboat beside the riverbank.",
    "zh": "我们在河岸边的一艘船屋上度过了周末。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Living on a houseboat may offer affordable accommodation, although maintenance costs and mooring fees can be substantial.",
    "zh": "住在船屋上或许能降低居住开支，但维护成本和停泊费可能相当高。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "live on a houseboat｜住在船屋上",
   "rent a houseboat｜租一艘居住船",
   "houseboat holiday｜船屋度假"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指供人居住的船，不等于用于娱乐的游艇。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "houseboat"
 },
 {
  "w": "moped",
  "uk": "/ˈməʊped/",
  "us": "/ˈmoʊped/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轻便摩托车",
    "en": "A small motorcycle with a low-powered engine, sometimes with pedals"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She parked her moped beside the bakery this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，她把轻便摩托车停在面包店旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A moped can offer affordable transport for short journeys, although riders remain vulnerable on busy urban roads.",
    "zh": "轻便摩托车可以为短途出行提供经济的交通方式，不过骑行者在繁忙的城市道路上仍易受伤害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ride a moped｜骑轻便摩托车",
   "rent a moped｜租轻便摩托车",
   "moped rider｜轻便摩托车骑手"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词读两音节；mope的过去式moped读作/məʊpt/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "moped"
 },
 {
  "w": "hopeless",
  "uk": "/ˈhəʊpləs/",
  "us": "/ˈhoʊpləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无望的；绝望的",
    "en": "Having no hope, or offering no chance of success."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极不擅长的；极差的",
    "en": "Very bad at doing something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The situation seemed hopeless until our neighbours offered help.",
    "zh": "直到邻居们伸出援手，情况才不再显得毫无希望。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who feel hopeless about their academic progress may benefit from individual guidance and achievable learning goals.",
    "zh": "对学业进步感到绝望的学生可能会受益于个别指导和可实现的学习目标。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a hopeless situation｜无望的处境",
   "feel hopeless｜感到绝望",
   "hopeless at cooking｜极不擅长做饭",
   "a hopeless case｜无可救药的人或事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hope (n.)",
   "hopeful (adj.)",
   "hopelessly (adv.)",
   "hopelessness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "despairing",
   "futile"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hopeful"
  ],
  "tip": "“不擅长做某事”用hopeless at doing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hopeless"
 },
 {
  "w": "anonymous",
  "uk": "/əˈnɒnɪməs/",
  "us": "/əˈnɑːnəməs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "匿名的；不知姓名的",
    "en": "Having a name that is unknown or kept secret."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无特色的",
    "en": "Lacking distinctive features that make something easy to recognize."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An anonymous donor paid for the children's new playground.",
    "zh": "一位匿名捐赠者出资为孩子们建了新游乐场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Anonymous surveys can encourage employees to express honest opinions about conditions in their workplace.",
    "zh": "匿名调查能鼓励员工坦诚表达对工作环境的看法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remain anonymous｜保持匿名",
   "anonymous donor｜匿名捐赠者",
   "anonymous survey｜匿名调查",
   "anonymous source｜匿名消息来源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "anonymity (n.)",
   "anonymously (adv.)",
   "anonymise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unnamed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "identified"
  ],
  "tip": "匿名是anonymous；保密是confidential，含义不同。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anonymous"
 },
 {
  "w": "ally",
  "uk": "/ˈælaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈælaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盟友；同盟国；支持者",
    "en": "A person or country that supports another."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "结盟；联合",
    "en": "To join with someone for a shared purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My neighbour became an ally in saving the park.",
    "zh": "在保护公园这件事上，我的邻居成了我的盟友。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local charities can be valuable allies for governments seeking to reduce poverty and improve social inclusion.",
    "zh": "对于致力于减贫和促进社会包容的政府而言，当地慈善机构可以成为重要盟友。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a close ally｜亲密盟友",
   "a powerful ally｜强大的盟友",
   "ally yourself with｜与……结盟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "alliance (n.)",
   "allied (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "supporter",
   "partner"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "opponent",
   "enemy"
  ],
  "tip": "名词重音通常在前；动词通常读/əˈlaɪ/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ally"
 },
 {
  "w": "civilian",
  "uk": "/səˈvɪliən/",
  "us": "/səˈvɪliən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "平民；非军职人员",
    "en": "A person who is not a member of the armed forces"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "平民的；民用的",
    "en": "Relating to people or activities outside the armed forces"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rescue boat carried both soldiers and civilians.",
    "zh": "救援船上既有军人，也有平民。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Satellite technology originally developed for military purposes now supports many civilian applications, including weather forecasting and navigation.",
    "zh": "最初为军事目的开发的卫星技术，如今支持天气预报和导航等多种民用应用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "civilian population｜平民人口",
   "civilian life｜平民生活",
   "civilian aircraft｜民用飞机",
   "protect civilians｜保护平民"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "non-military"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "military"
  ],
  "tip": "civilian指非军人；公务员通常是civil servant。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "civilian"
 },
 {
  "w": "truthful",
  "uk": "/ˈtruːθfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtruːθfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "诚实的；如实的",
    "en": "Telling the truth or accurately describing what happened."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please be truthful about how the vase broke.",
    "zh": "请如实说说花瓶是怎么打碎的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Truthful reporting helps citizens understand public issues and make informed decisions about their communities.",
    "zh": "如实报道有助于公民理解公共议题，并就社区事务作出明智决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be truthful about something｜如实说明某事",
   "a truthful account｜如实的叙述",
   "a truthful answer｜诚实的回答"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "truth (n.)",
   "truthfully (adv.)",
   "truthfulness (n.)",
   "untruthful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "honest"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "untruthful",
   "dishonest"
  ],
  "tip": "truthful指诚实或如实；“真正的朋友”用true。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "truthful"
 },
 {
  "w": "boarding school",
  "uk": "/ˈbɔːdɪŋ skuːl/",
  "us": "/ˈbɔːrdɪŋ skuːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "寄宿学校",
    "en": "a school where students live as well as study"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Amir shares a room with two friends at boarding school.",
    "zh": "阿米尔在寄宿学校与两个朋友同住一间房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Attending boarding school can foster independence, although some children find prolonged separation from their families difficult.",
    "zh": "就读寄宿学校可以培养独立性，但有些孩子觉得长期与家人分离很难适应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attend boarding school｜就读寄宿学校",
   "send a child to boarding school｜送孩子去寄宿学校"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "board (v.)",
   "boarder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "boarding指食宿；寄宿学校既提供教学也提供住宿。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "boarding-school"
 },
 {
  "w": "low-risk",
  "uk": "/ˌləʊ ˈrɪsk/",
  "us": "/ˌloʊ ˈrɪsk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "低风险的",
    "en": "having little chance of harm, loss, or failure"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We chose a low-risk investment for our savings.",
    "zh": "我们为储蓄选择了一项低风险投资。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Low-risk financial products may appeal to households that prioritise stability over potentially higher returns.",
    "zh": "低风险金融产品可能吸引那些更重视稳定而非潜在高回报的家庭。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "low-risk investment｜低风险投资",
   "low-risk activity｜低风险活动",
   "low-risk strategy｜低风险策略"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "risk (n.)",
   "risk (v.)",
   "risky (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "high-risk"
  ],
  "tip": "low-risk表示风险较低，不等于完全无风险。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "low-risk"
 },
 {
  "w": "accelerate",
  "uk": "/əkˈseləreɪt/",
  "us": "/əkˈseləreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "加速；使加快",
    "en": "to move faster or make something happen more quickly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bus accelerated as it left the village.",
    "zh": "公共汽车驶离村庄时加快了速度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport can accelerate the transition towards cleaner and more efficient urban travel.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通可以加快向更清洁、更高效的城市出行方式转型。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "accelerate growth｜加快增长",
   "accelerate the process｜加快进程",
   "accelerate rapidly｜迅速加速"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "acceleration (n.)",
   "accelerator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "speed up",
   "hasten"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "decelerate",
   "slow down"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指车辆加速，也可指进程加快；可及物或不及物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accelerate"
 },
 {
  "w": "ineffective",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnɪˈfektɪv/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnɪˈfektɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无效的；不起作用的",
    "en": "not producing the result that is wanted"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This tiny fan is ineffective in such a large room.",
    "zh": "这个小风扇在这么大的房间里起不了作用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Awareness campaigns may be ineffective unless governments also provide affordable alternatives to environmentally harmful products.",
    "zh": "如果政府不同时提供价格可负担的环保替代品，宣传活动可能难以奏效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ineffective treatment｜无效的治疗",
   "ineffective policy｜无效的政策",
   "prove ineffective｜结果证明无效"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "effective (adj.)",
   "ineffectively (adv.)",
   "ineffectiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unsuccessful",
   "ineffectual"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "effective"
  ],
  "tip": "ineffective指无效果；inefficient指效率低。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ineffective"
 },
 {
  "w": "bunk",
  "uk": "/bʌŋk/",
  "us": "/bʌŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铺位；双层床的床位",
    "en": "A narrow bed, often arranged above or below another."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I climbed into the top bunk and fell asleep.",
    "zh": "我爬上上铺，睡着了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing each passenger with a comfortable bunk could make overnight trains more attractive than short flights.",
    "zh": "为每位乘客提供舒适的铺位，能让夜间列车比短途航班更有吸引力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "top bunk｜上铺",
   "bottom bunk｜下铺",
   "bunk bed｜双层床"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "berth"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "top bunk是上铺；bunk bed指双层床。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bunk"
 },
 {
  "w": "labor",
  "uk": "/ˈleɪbə/",
  "us": "/ˈleɪbər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "劳动；劳动力",
    "en": "work, especially physical work, or the workers who perform it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "辛苦工作；努力做",
    "en": "to work hard, often with considerable physical effort"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分娩；产程",
    "en": "the process of giving birth to a baby"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Repairing the old fence took a full day of labor.",
    "zh": "修理那道旧围栏花了整整一天的工夫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in automation can reduce labor costs, but governments must help displaced workers develop new skills.",
    "zh": "投资自动化可以降低劳动力成本，但政府必须帮助失业工人培养新技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "manual labor｜体力劳动",
   "labor market｜劳动力市场",
   "labor costs｜劳动力成本",
   "go into labor｜开始分娩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "laborer (n.)",
   "laborious (adj.)",
   "laboriously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "work",
   "toil"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "labor为美式拼写，英式作labour。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "labor"
 },
 {
  "w": "naive",
  "uk": "/naɪˈiːv/",
  "us": "/naɪˈiːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "天真的；轻信的",
    "en": "Too willing to trust because of limited experience."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was naive to believe the repair would cost nothing.",
    "zh": "我竟以为维修不用花钱，真是太天真了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It would be naive to assume that economic growth alone can solve every social problem.",
    "zh": "认为单靠经济增长就能解决所有社会问题，是不切实际的。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "naive assumption｜天真的假设",
   "naive optimism｜天真的乐观",
   "politically naive｜政治上幼稚的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "naively (adv.)",
   "naivety (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inexperienced",
   "gullible"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sophisticated",
   "worldly"
  ],
  "tip": "常含缺乏经验、容易轻信之意，并非单纯褒义。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "naive"
 },
 {
  "w": "expand",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspænd/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "扩大；膨胀；扩展",
    "en": "to become larger or make something larger"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "详述；进一步说明",
    "en": "to add more details to an explanation or discussion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dough expanded as it rested in the warm kitchen.",
    "zh": "面团在温暖的厨房里静置时膨胀起来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should expand access to online courses while ensuring that disadvantaged students have adequate equipment and internet connections.",
    "zh": "大学应扩大在线课程的覆盖范围，同时确保弱势学生拥有足够的设备和网络条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "expand rapidly｜迅速扩大",
   "expand access to｜扩大获得……的机会",
   "expand a business｜拓展业务",
   "expand on an idea｜进一步阐述想法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expansion (n.)",
   "expandable (adj.)",
   "expansive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enlarge",
   "extend",
   "grow"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "shrink",
   "contract"
  ],
  "tip": "“详述”用expand on/upon；扩大某物可直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expand"
 },
 {
  "w": "negotiate",
  "uk": "/nɪˈɡəʊʃieɪt/",
  "us": "/nɪˈɡoʊʃieɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "谈判；协商达成",
    "en": "Discuss terms with others to reach an agreement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "顺利通过；越过",
    "en": "Successfully move past an obstacle or along a difficult route."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We negotiated a lower price for the secondhand sofa.",
    "zh": "我们经过协商，以更低的价格买下了那张二手沙发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must negotiate fair trade agreements that protect workers while encouraging international investment and economic growth.",
    "zh": "各国政府必须协商达成公平的贸易协定，在保护劳动者的同时促进国际投资和经济增长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "negotiate an agreement｜协商达成协议",
   "negotiate with employers｜与雇主谈判",
   "negotiate a bend｜顺利通过弯道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "negotiation (n.)",
   "negotiator (n.)",
   "negotiable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与某人谈判用with；也可直接接agreement。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "negotiate"
 },
 {
  "w": "troop",
  "uk": "/truːp/",
  "us": "/truːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "军队；士兵；部队",
    "en": "soldiers collectively, or an organized military unit"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一群；一队",
    "en": "an organized group of people or a group of animals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "成群结队地走",
    "en": "to walk somewhere together as a group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Troops helped local families cross the river after the flood.",
    "zh": "洪水过后，士兵们帮助当地家庭渡过河流。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments sometimes deploy troops to deliver emergency supplies when natural disasters make civilian transport systems unusable.",
    "zh": "当自然灾害导致民用运输系统无法使用时，政府有时会派遣部队运送应急物资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deploy troops｜部署部队",
   "withdraw troops｜撤军",
   "a troop of monkeys｜一群猴子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trooper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示士兵常用复数troops；演员团用troupe。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "troop"
 },
 {
  "w": "steady",
  "uk": "/ˈstedi/",
  "us": "/ˈstedi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "稳定的；持续平稳的",
    "en": "Continuing regularly without sudden changes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "稳固的；沉着的",
    "en": "Firmly controlled, balanced, or calm."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使稳定；稳住",
    "en": "Make something stable or bring it under control."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep a steady pace as you climb the hill.",
    "zh": "上山时保持平稳的步速。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Steady investment in public transport can improve urban mobility and reduce traffic congestion over time.",
    "zh": "持续稳定地投资公共交通，可以逐步改善城市出行并缓解交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "steady growth｜稳定增长",
   "a steady pace｜平稳的速度",
   "a steady income｜稳定的收入",
   "steady yourself｜稳住自己"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "steadily (adv.)",
   "steadiness (n.)",
   "unsteady (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stable",
   "constant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unsteady",
   "erratic"
  ],
  "tip": "steady作形容词；修饰动词通常用steadily。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "steady"
 },
 {
  "w": "cubic",
  "uk": "/ˈkjuːbɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈkjuːbɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "立方的；立方体的",
    "en": "relating to volume measured in cubes, or shaped like a cube"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our new water tank holds two cubic metres.",
    "zh": "我们的新水箱能容纳两立方米的水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern irrigation systems can save thousands of cubic metres of water each year.",
    "zh": "现代灌溉系统每年可以节约数千立方米的水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cubic metre｜立方米",
   "cubic centimetre｜立方厘米",
   "cubic capacity｜容积"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cube (n.)",
   "cube (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cubic用于体积单位；square用于面积单位。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cubic"
 },
 {
  "w": "lord",
  "uk": "/lɔːd/",
  "us": "/lɔːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "贵族；领主",
    "en": "a man with a high noble rank or historical authority"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "上帝；主",
    "en": "a title used to address or refer to God"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The guide showed us where the local lord once lived.",
    "zh": "导游带我们看了当地领主曾经居住的地方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In medieval society, a lord often controlled farmland and collected payments from the people who worked it.",
    "zh": "在中世纪社会，领主往往控制着农田，并向耕种者收取费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a powerful lord｜有权势的领主",
   "lord of the manor｜庄园领主",
   "the Lord｜上帝；主",
   "lord it over someone｜对某人作威作福"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lordship (n.)",
   "lordly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "nobleman"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指上帝用the Lord；置于姓名前作头衔也大写。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lord"
 },
 {
  "w": "resort",
  "uk": "/rɪˈzɔːt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈzɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "度假胜地",
    "en": "a place people visit for holidays and leisure"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "诉诸；求助于",
    "en": "to use something undesirable because other options have failed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "应急手段；最后办法",
    "en": "an option used when other choices are unavailable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed at a quiet resort beside the lake.",
    "zh": "我们住在湖边一处安静的度假村。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should not resort to cutting education budgets when seeking solutions to short-term financial problems.",
    "zh": "政府在寻求短期财政问题的解决办法时，不应采取削减教育预算的措施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "seaside resort｜海滨度假胜地",
   "resort to violence｜诉诸暴力",
   "as a last resort｜作为最后的办法"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "resort to中to是介词，后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resort"
 },
 {
  "w": "warranty",
  "uk": "/ˈwɒrənti/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːrənti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保修承诺；保修单",
    "en": "A written promise to repair or replace faulty goods within conditions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop repaired my camera because it was under warranty.",
    "zh": "因为相机还在保修期内，商店为我修好了它。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A longer warranty may encourage consumers to choose durable appliances rather than cheaper products that require frequent replacement.",
    "zh": "更长的保修期可能促使消费者选择耐用电器，而不是需要频繁更换的廉价产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "under warranty｜在保修期内",
   "an extended warranty｜延长保修",
   "a manufacturer's warranty｜制造商保修承诺",
   "void the warranty｜使保修失效"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "guarantee"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "在保修期内用under warranty，不用in warranty。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "warranty"
 },
 {
  "w": "expose",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspəʊz/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspoʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使接触；使暴露于",
    "en": "To put someone or something in contact with an influence"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "揭露；揭发",
    "en": "To reveal something hidden, especially wrongdoing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "露出；使显露",
    "en": "To uncover something previously hidden or protected"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Don't expose your skin to strong sunlight without protection.",
    "zh": "不要在没有防护的情况下让皮肤暴露在强烈阳光下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investigative journalism can expose unsafe working conditions and pressure companies to improve their treatment of employees.",
    "zh": "调查报道能够揭露不安全的工作条件，并向企业施压，促使其改善员工待遇。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "expose someone to risk｜使某人面临风险",
   "expose corruption｜揭露腐败",
   "expose children to music｜让儿童接触音乐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exposure (n.)",
   "exposed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reveal",
   "uncover"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "conceal"
  ],
  "tip": "expose A to B表示使A接触B，B不一定有害。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expose"
 },
 {
  "w": "ignorance",
  "uk": "/ˈɪɡnərəns/",
  "us": "/ˈɪɡnərəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "无知；不了解",
    "en": "a lack of knowledge or awareness about something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My ignorance of local customs led to an awkward moment.",
    "zh": "我不了解当地习俗，因此一度陷入尴尬。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public education can reduce ignorance about nutrition and help families make healthier choices on limited budgets.",
    "zh": "公众教育可以减少营养知识盲区，帮助家庭在预算有限的情况下作出更健康的选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ignorance of｜对……的不了解",
   "in ignorance of｜在不知……的情况下",
   "admit ignorance｜承认不了解"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ignorant (adj.)",
   "ignorantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "knowledge",
   "awareness"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数；常用ignorance of/about表示对某事不了解。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ignorance"
 },
 {
  "w": "banker",
  "uk": "/ˈbæŋkə/",
  "us": "/ˈbæŋkər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "银行家；银行高级职员",
    "en": "someone who owns a bank or holds a senior banking position"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The banker explained our loan options over coffee.",
    "zh": "那位银行经理边喝咖啡边向我们解释贷款方案。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Bankers play an important role in assessing financial risks before approving loans to small businesses.",
    "zh": "银行高级职员在批准小企业贷款前评估财务风险，发挥着重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "investment banker｜投资银行家",
   "central banker｜中央银行官员",
   "senior banker｜银行高管"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bank (n.)",
   "bank (v.)",
   "banking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指银行家或高级职员，不泛指银行柜员。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "banker"
 },
 {
  "w": "affection",
  "uk": "/əˈfekʃən/",
  "us": "/əˈfekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喜爱；关爱",
    "en": "A warm feeling of love or fondness for someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our cat shows affection by rubbing against our legs.",
    "zh": "我们家的猫会蹭我们的腿来表达亲昵。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children who receive consistent affection from caregivers often develop greater emotional security and stronger social relationships.",
    "zh": "持续得到照护者关爱的儿童，往往会形成更强的情感安全感和更稳固的社会关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "show affection｜表达关爱",
   "deep affection for｜对……的深厚感情",
   "a sign of affection｜喜爱的表示"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "affectionate (adj.)",
   "affectionately (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fondness",
   "love"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hatred"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；对某人的喜爱用affection for。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "affection"
 },
 {
  "w": "outlook",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊtlʊk/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊtlʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "观点；人生态度",
    "en": "a person's general attitude towards life or a situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "前景；展望",
    "en": "the likely future situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "景色；视野",
    "en": "the view from a particular place"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Despite recent difficulties, Lina maintains a cheerful outlook.",
    "zh": "尽管最近遇到困难，莉娜仍保持乐观的心态。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying abroad can broaden students' outlook by exposing them to unfamiliar customs and different ways of thinking.",
    "zh": "留学能让学生接触不熟悉的习俗和不同的思维方式，从而拓宽他们的视野。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "outlook on life｜人生观",
   "positive outlook｜积极的心态",
   "economic outlook｜经济前景",
   "broaden your outlook｜拓宽视野"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "perspective",
   "prospects"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "态度常接on；前景常接for，如outlook for growth。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outlook"
 },
 {
  "w": "auto",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːtəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːtoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汽车",
    "en": "A car, especially in American English"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He took his car to an auto repair shop.",
    "zh": "他把车送到了一家汽车修理店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The auto industry faces growing pressure to produce affordable electric vehicles and reduce its environmental impact.",
    "zh": "汽车行业面临越来越大的压力，需要生产价格亲民的电动汽车并减少环境影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "auto industry｜汽车行业",
   "auto repair shop｜汽车修理店",
   "auto parts｜汽车零部件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "automobile (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "car",
   "automobile"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要用于美式英语，常作定语，如auto industry。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "auto"
 },
 {
  "w": "tiptoe",
  "uk": "/ˈtɪptəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈtɪptoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "踮着脚尖走",
    "en": "Walk quietly on your toes with your heels raised."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She tiptoed past the bedroom to avoid waking her brother.",
    "zh": "她踮着脚尖走过卧室，以免吵醒弟弟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors often tiptoe through historic buildings, although quiet conversation is usually permitted in these spaces.",
    "zh": "游客常常在历史建筑内踮脚轻走，尽管这些场所通常允许轻声交谈。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tiptoe past｜踮脚走过",
   "tiptoe around｜蹑手蹑脚地走动",
   "on tiptoe｜踮着脚尖"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词过去式为tiptoed；on tiptoe表示踮脚。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tiptoe"
 },
 {
  "w": "indication",
  "uk": "/ˌɪndɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪndɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "迹象；暗示",
    "en": "a sign suggesting that something exists or may happen"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Those dark clouds are an indication of approaching rain.",
    "zh": "那些乌云是即将下雨的迹象。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising demand for public transport provides an indication that urban travel habits are changing.",
    "zh": "公共交通需求的上升表明，城市居民的出行习惯正在改变。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a clear indication｜明确的迹象",
   "give an indication of｜显示出……的迹象",
   "little indication｜几乎没有迹象"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "indicate (v.)",
   "indicative (adj.)",
   "indicator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sign",
   "signal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用 indication of sth 或 indication that 从句。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indication"
 },
 {
  "w": "moss",
  "uk": "/mɒs/",
  "us": "/mɔːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "苔藓",
    "en": "A small green plant growing in soft patches on damp surfaces."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Thick green moss covered the stones beside the stream.",
    "zh": "溪边的石头上覆盖着厚厚的绿色苔藓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Moss helps forest ecosystems retain moisture and provides a habitat for many tiny organisms.",
    "zh": "苔藓有助于森林生态系统保持水分，并为许多微小生物提供栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a patch of moss｜一片苔藓",
   "thick moss｜厚厚的苔藓",
   "moss-covered rocks｜长满苔藓的岩石"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mossy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常作不可数名词；lichen指地衣，不等于moss。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "moss"
 },
 {
  "w": "acceptance",
  "uk": "/əkˈseptəns/",
  "us": "/əkˈseptəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "接受；同意",
    "en": "The act of agreeing to receive or do something offered."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "接纳；认可",
    "en": "Willingness to welcome someone or regard something as suitable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "接受现实；认同事实",
    "en": "Recognition that a situation is real and must be faced."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her acceptance of the invitation made us all smile.",
    "zh": "她接受了邀请，我们都露出了笑容。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public acceptance of renewable energy projects often increases when local communities share in the economic benefits.",
    "zh": "当当地社区能够分享经济收益时，公众对可再生能源项目的认可度往往会提高。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "acceptance of an offer｜接受提议",
   "gain acceptance｜获得认可",
   "widespread acceptance｜广泛认可",
   "social acceptance｜社会接纳"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accept (v.)",
   "acceptable (adj.)",
   "unacceptable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "approval",
   "recognition"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rejection"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；acceptance of后接接受的事物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "acceptance"
 },
 {
  "w": "arms",
  "uk": "/ɑːmz/",
  "us": "/ɑːrmz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "武器；军备",
    "en": "Weapons and military equipment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手臂（复数）",
    "en": "The body parts extending from the shoulders to the hands."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displays old arms behind thick glass.",
    "zh": "博物馆把古老的武器陈列在厚玻璃后面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International agreements can restrict the trade in arms and encourage governments to resolve disputes peacefully.",
    "zh": "国际协议可以限制武器贸易，并鼓励各国政府和平解决争端。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "arms trade｜武器贸易",
   "arms race｜军备竞赛",
   "arms control｜军备控制",
   "lay down arms｜放下武器"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "arm (v.)",
   "armed (adj.)",
   "disarm (v.)",
   "disarmament (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "weapons",
   "armaments"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示武器时用复数arms；an arm通常指一条手臂。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arms"
 },
 {
  "w": "inflation",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈfleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈfleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "通货膨胀",
    "en": "A general rise in prices that reduces money's purchasing power."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "充气",
    "en": "The process of filling something with air or gas."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Inflation means our weekly shopping costs more now.",
    "zh": "通货膨胀意味着我们现在每周购物花的钱更多了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High inflation can reduce household purchasing power, particularly when wages fail to keep pace with rising prices.",
    "zh": "高通胀会削弱家庭购买力，尤其是在工资跟不上物价上涨时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the rate of inflation｜通货膨胀率",
   "rising inflation｜不断加剧的通胀",
   "curb inflation｜抑制通胀",
   "keep pace with inflation｜跟上通胀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inflate (v.)",
   "inflationary (adj.)",
   "inflated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "deflation"
  ],
  "tip": "经济语境指物价普遍上涨，不只某件商品涨价。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inflation"
 },
 {
  "w": "interpreter",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtɜːprɪtə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtɝːprɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "口译员",
    "en": "Someone who translates spoken or signed communication between languages."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "解释程序",
    "en": "A program that reads and executes code directly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An interpreter helped my grandmother speak to the doctor.",
    "zh": "一位口译员帮助我祖母与医生交流。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing a qualified interpreter in hospitals can improve communication and reduce misunderstandings about treatment options.",
    "zh": "在医院配备合格的口译员能够改善沟通，减少对治疗方案的误解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a qualified interpreter｜合格的口译员",
   "a conference interpreter｜会议口译员",
   "a sign language interpreter｜手语翻译员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "interpret (v.)",
   "interpretation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "interpreter 通常做口译；translator 通常做笔译。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "interpreter"
 },
 {
  "w": "spear",
  "uk": "/spɪə/",
  "us": "/spɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "矛；长矛",
    "en": "a long pole with a sharp point, used as a weapon"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刺；戳起",
    "en": "to push a pointed object into or through something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An ancient spear stood behind glass in the museum.",
    "zh": "博物馆的玻璃展柜里立着一支古代长矛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The discovery of a wooden spear provides valuable evidence about the hunting techniques of early human communities.",
    "zh": "一支木矛的发现为研究早期人类群体的狩猎技术提供了宝贵证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wooden spear｜木矛",
   "spear tip｜矛尖",
   "spear a piece of food｜叉起一块食物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "spear是长矛，不是枪械；动词可指用叉子戳起食物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spear"
 },
 {
  "w": "sob",
  "uk": "/sɒb/",
  "us": "/sɑːb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抽泣；啜泣",
    "en": "to cry with short, sudden breaths"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抽泣声；啜泣",
    "en": "a short, broken breath or sound made while crying"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The child began to sob after losing her toy.",
    "zh": "孩子丢了玩具后开始抽泣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children may sob when separated from caregivers, so schools should provide gentle support during transitions.",
    "zh": "儿童与照顾者分开时可能会抽泣，因此学校应在适应阶段给予温和的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sob quietly｜轻声抽泣",
   "uncontrollable sobs｜无法抑制的抽泣",
   "between sobs｜抽泣间隙"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sobbing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cry",
   "weep"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式sobbed，进行式sobbing，均双写b。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sob"
 },
 {
  "w": "draft",
  "uk": "/drɑːft/",
  "us": "/dræft/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "草稿；草案",
    "en": "an early version of writing that may be changed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "起草；草拟",
    "en": "to write an early version of a document"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I saved the first draft of my letter.",
    "zh": "我保存了这封信的初稿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should publish draft legislation early so that citizens can comment before final decisions are made.",
    "zh": "政府应尽早公布立法草案，让公民在最终决定作出前发表意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "first draft｜初稿",
   "final draft｜定稿",
   "draft a proposal｜起草提案",
   "draft legislation｜立法草案"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "redraft (v.)",
   "drafter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表“草稿”英美均用draft；穿堂风英式用draught。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "draft"
 },
 {
  "w": "mileage",
  "uk": "/ˈmaɪlɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈmaɪlɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行驶里程",
    "en": "the total distance a vehicle has travelled"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "燃油行驶效率",
    "en": "the distance a vehicle travels using a given amount of fuel"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "好处；利用价值",
    "en": "the usefulness or advantage gained from something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This used car has surprisingly low mileage for its age.",
    "zh": "这辆二手车以它的车龄来说，行驶里程少得令人意外。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Vehicles with better fuel mileage can lower household transport costs and reduce demand for fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "燃油行驶效率更高的车辆可以降低家庭交通开支，并减少对化石燃料的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "low mileage｜低行驶里程",
   "annual mileage｜年行驶里程",
   "fuel mileage｜燃油行驶效率",
   "get mileage out of｜从……中获益"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mile (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "low mileage指跑得少；good mileage通常指省油。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mileage"
 },
 {
  "w": "jaw",
  "uk": "/dʒɔː/",
  "us": "/dʒɔː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "颌；颚",
    "en": "either bone structure in the mouth that holds the teeth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My jaw felt sore after chewing the hard bread.",
    "zh": "嚼完那块硬面包后，我的下颌有些酸痛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protective equipment can reduce the risk of jaw injuries among people who participate in contact sports.",
    "zh": "防护装备可以降低接触性运动参与者颌部受伤的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lower jaw｜下颌",
   "upper jaw｜上颌",
   "clench your jaw｜咬紧牙关",
   "jaw injury｜颌部损伤"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "jaw指颌骨或颌部；chin仅指脸部最下方的下巴。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jaw"
 },
 {
  "w": "rear",
  "uk": "/rɪə/",
  "us": "/rɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "后部；后面",
    "en": "The back part of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "后部的；后面的",
    "en": "Located at the back of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抚养；饲养",
    "en": "To care for children or animals until they grow up."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We loaded the bags into the rear of the van.",
    "zh": "我们把包放进了货车后部。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers who rear animals outdoors must provide adequate shelter and maintain high standards of animal welfare.",
    "zh": "在户外饲养动物的农民必须提供足够的遮蔽场所，并维持较高的动物福利标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at the rear of｜在……后部",
   "rear window｜后窗",
   "rear children｜抚养孩子",
   "rear cattle｜养牛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rearing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "back",
   "raise"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "front"
  ],
  "tip": "at the rear of 表位置；rear animals 指饲养。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rear"
 },
 {
  "w": "vegan",
  "uk": "/ˈviːɡən/",
  "us": "/ˈviːɡən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纯素食者",
    "en": "Someone who avoids animal foods and usually other animal products."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "纯素的；不含动物制品的",
    "en": "Using or containing no animal products."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "As a vegan, I cook with beans instead of meat.",
    "zh": "作为纯素食者，我用豆类代替肉来做饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A carefully planned vegan diet can meet nutritional needs while reducing some environmental impacts of food production.",
    "zh": "精心规划的纯素饮食能够满足营养需求，同时减少食品生产带来的部分环境影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a vegan diet｜纯素饮食",
   "vegan food｜纯素食品",
   "go vegan｜开始采用纯素生活方式",
   "vegan leather｜非动物皮革"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "veganism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "vegan不吃蛋奶；vegetarian通常可吃蛋奶。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vegan"
 },
 {
  "w": "seal",
  "uk": "/siːl/",
  "us": "/siːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "密封；封住",
    "en": "Close something tightly to prevent anything entering or escaping"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "密封层；封条",
    "en": "A covering or fastening that keeps something securely closed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海豹",
    "en": "A sea mammal with flippers that also rests on land"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Seal the jar tightly to keep the biscuits fresh.",
    "zh": "把罐子密封好，让饼干保持新鲜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Builders should seal gaps around windows to reduce heat loss and improve household energy efficiency.",
    "zh": "建筑工人应封住窗户周围的缝隙，以减少热量流失，提高家庭能源利用效率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "seal an envelope｜封好信封",
   "seal a gap｜封住缝隙",
   "an airtight seal｜气密封口",
   "break the seal｜拆开封口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sealed (adj.)",
   "sealer (n.)",
   "unseal (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unseal"
  ],
  "tip": "作动词强调封严；作名词也可指海豹，注意语境。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seal"
 },
 {
  "w": "omit",
  "uk": "/əˈmɪt/",
  "us": "/oʊˈmɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "省略；遗漏",
    "en": "to leave something out, deliberately or accidentally"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can omit the chilli if you prefer milder soup.",
    "zh": "如果喜欢清淡些的汤，可以不放辣椒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reports that omit important evidence may give policymakers an inaccurate picture of the challenges facing local communities.",
    "zh": "遗漏重要证据的报告，可能使政策制定者误判当地社区面临的挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "omit details｜省略细节",
   "omit information｜遗漏信息",
   "omit something from a report｜从报告中删去某项内容"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "omission (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "leave out",
   "exclude"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "include"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式omitted，进行式omitting，均双写t。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "omit"
 },
 {
  "w": "agricultural",
  "uk": "/ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl/",
  "us": "/ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "农业的；农用的",
    "en": "relating to farming, including growing crops and raising animals"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displays agricultural tools used by local farmers.",
    "zh": "博物馆展出了当地农民使用过的农具。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern agricultural practices can increase food production, but excessive chemical use may damage soil and water quality.",
    "zh": "现代农业生产方式可以提高粮食产量，但过量使用化学品可能损害土壤和水质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "agricultural land｜农业用地",
   "agricultural production｜农业生产",
   "agricultural machinery｜农业机械",
   "agricultural practices｜农业生产方式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "agriculture (n.)",
   "agriculturally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词，常修饰 land、production、machinery。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "agricultural"
 },
 {
  "w": "Islam",
  "uk": "/ˈɪzlɑːm/",
  "us": "/ˈɪslɑːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "伊斯兰教",
    "en": "The religion followed by Muslims, teaching belief in one God"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our guide explained how Islam influences the mosque's design.",
    "zh": "导游解释了伊斯兰教如何影响这座清真寺的设计。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning about Islam and other major religions can help students understand the traditions of diverse communities.",
    "zh": "学习伊斯兰教及其他主要宗教，有助于学生理解不同群体的传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the teachings of Islam｜伊斯兰教教义",
   "the history of Islam｜伊斯兰教历史",
   "convert to Islam｜皈依伊斯兰教"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Islamic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "Islam指宗教；Muslim指穆斯林或穆斯林的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "islam"
 },
 {
  "w": "tow",
  "uk": "/təʊ/",
  "us": "/toʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拖；牵引",
    "en": "To pull a vehicle or boat using another vehicle."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拖曳；牵引",
    "en": "The act of pulling a vehicle or boat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A truck towed our broken car to the garage.",
    "zh": "一辆卡车把我们出故障的汽车拖到了修理厂。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities may tow illegally parked vehicles to keep emergency access routes clear in crowded urban areas.",
    "zh": "地方当局可能会拖走违停车辆，以保持拥挤城区的应急通道畅通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tow a car｜拖汽车",
   "tow truck｜拖车",
   "take in tow｜拖着走",
   "give someone a tow｜帮某人拖车"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "towing (n.)",
   "towbar (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pull",
   "haul"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调车辆或船只牵引；tow away常指拖走违停车辆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tow"
 },
 {
  "w": "supervisor",
  "uk": "/ˈsuːpəvaɪzə/",
  "us": "/ˈsuːpərvaɪzər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "主管；监督者",
    "en": "A person who oversees other people's work or activities."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "研究导师",
    "en": "An academic who guides a student's research."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My supervisor showed me how to use the equipment.",
    "zh": "我的主管教我如何使用这些设备。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A supportive supervisor can help new employees develop confidence and adapt to unfamiliar workplace expectations.",
    "zh": "支持员工的主管能帮助新员工建立信心，并适应不熟悉的工作要求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "immediate supervisor｜直属主管",
   "research supervisor｜研究导师",
   "shift supervisor｜轮班主管"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "supervise (v.)",
   "supervision (n.)",
   "supervisory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "职场中指主管；英国大学中也常指研究导师。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "supervisor"
 },
 {
  "w": "repeatedly",
  "uk": "/rɪˈpiːtɪdli/",
  "us": "/rɪˈpiːtɪdli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "反复地；屡次",
    "en": "Many times, often with little time between occasions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He knocked repeatedly, but nobody came to the door.",
    "zh": "他敲了好几次门，但没人来开门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who repeatedly practise retrieving information tend to remember it better than those who simply reread their notes.",
    "zh": "反复练习回忆信息的学生，通常比只是重读笔记的学生记得更牢。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "repeatedly warn｜反复警告",
   "repeatedly ask｜再三询问",
   "repeatedly fail｜屡次失败"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "repeat (v.)",
   "repeated (adj.)",
   "repetition (n.)",
   "repetitive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "again and again"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调次数多；不一定像regularly那样有规律。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "repeatedly"
 },
 {
  "w": "unsuitable",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈsuːtəbl/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈsuːtəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不适合的；不适宜的",
    "en": "not right or appropriate for a particular person or purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These thin shoes are unsuitable for walking through deep snow.",
    "zh": "这双薄鞋不适合在深雪中行走。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some traditional teaching methods are unsuitable for large classes because they offer limited opportunities for individual feedback.",
    "zh": "一些传统教学方法不适合大班教学，因为它们提供个别反馈的机会有限。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unsuitable for children｜不适合儿童",
   "unsuitable clothing｜不合适的衣物",
   "entirely unsuitable｜完全不合适"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suitable (adj.)",
   "suitability (n.)",
   "unsuitability (n.)",
   "suit (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inappropriate",
   "unfit"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "suitable",
   "appropriate"
  ],
  "tip": "常用unsuitable for sb/sth，表示不适合某人或用途。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unsuitable"
 },
 {
  "w": "positively",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒzətɪvli/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːzətɪvli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "积极地；肯定地",
    "en": "In a way that shows approval, confidence, or optimism."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "确切地；明确地",
    "en": "With certainty and no doubt."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "简直；确实",
    "en": "Used to strongly emphasise a description."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister reacted positively when I suggested a picnic.",
    "zh": "我提议去野餐时，姐姐欣然赞同。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students often respond positively to detailed feedback that recognises their progress and offers practical guidance.",
    "zh": "学生往往会积极回应既肯定进步又提供实用指导的详细反馈。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "respond positively｜积极回应",
   "positively identify｜确切辨认",
   "positively influence｜产生积极影响",
   "positively delighted｜确实欣喜万分"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "positive (adj.)",
   "positivity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "negatively"
  ],
  "tip": "positively可强调语气，也可表示积极态度或确定性。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "positively"
 },
 {
  "w": "plot",
  "uk": "/plɒt/",
  "us": "/plɑːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "故事情节",
    "en": "the connected events that make up a story"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小块土地",
    "en": "a small piece of land used for a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "密谋；秘密策划",
    "en": "secretly plan something harmful or dishonest"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The film had a simple but exciting plot.",
    "zh": "这部电影的情节简单却扣人心弦。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community gardens allow residents to grow vegetables on a small plot, improving access to fresh food.",
    "zh": "社区花园让居民可以在一小块土地上种菜，更方便地获得新鲜食物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a complex plot｜复杂的情节",
   "a plot of land｜一小块土地",
   "a garden plot｜一小块菜园地",
   "plot against someone｜密谋对付某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plotter (n)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "storyline",
   "conspire"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "plot指情节；作动词还可表示标绘数据。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plot"
 },
 {
  "w": "adoption",
  "uk": "/əˈdɒpʃən/",
  "us": "/əˈdɑːpʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "采纳；采用",
    "en": "the act of beginning to use an idea or method"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "收养",
    "en": "the legal process of becoming a child's parent"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The adoption of online booking made appointments much easier.",
    "zh": "采用网上预约后，约时间方便多了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wider adoption of renewable energy could reduce air pollution and create employment in rural communities.",
    "zh": "更广泛地采用可再生能源可以减少空气污染，并为农村社区创造就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adoption of technology｜技术的采用",
   "widespread adoption｜广泛采用",
   "child adoption｜儿童收养",
   "adoption agency｜收养机构"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adopt (v.)",
   "adoptive (adj.)",
   "adopted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "adoption是采用或收养；adaptation是适应或改编。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adoption"
 },
 {
  "w": "evidence",
  "uk": "/ˈevɪdəns/",
  "us": "/ˈevɪdəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "证据；迹象",
    "en": "Facts or signs that help establish whether something is true."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表明；证明",
    "en": "To show clearly that something exists or is true."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The muddy footprints were evidence that someone had entered.",
    "zh": "泥脚印表明有人进来过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should consider scientific evidence before introducing policies intended to improve public health outcomes.",
    "zh": "政府在推出旨在改善公共健康状况的政策前，应考虑科学证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strong evidence｜有力证据",
   "scientific evidence｜科学证据",
   "evidence of｜……的证据",
   "provide evidence｜提供证据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "evident (adj.)",
   "evidently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词通常不可数：一项证据用a piece of evidence。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "evidence"
 },
 {
  "w": "stitch",
  "uk": "/stɪtʃ/",
  "us": "/stɪtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一针；针脚；缝线",
    "en": "a loop of thread holding fabric or a wound together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缝；缝合",
    "en": "to join or repair something using a needle and thread"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运动时肋部的岔气痛",
    "en": "a sharp pain in your side, often during exercise"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A few neat stitches fixed the hole in my sleeve.",
    "zh": "整齐地缝上几针，我袖子上的破洞就补好了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching students to stitch torn clothing could reduce textile waste and encourage more sustainable consumption habits.",
    "zh": "教学生缝补破损衣物可以减少纺织品浪费，并鼓励更可持续的消费习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "neat stitches｜整齐的针脚",
   "stitch a wound｜缝合伤口",
   "stitch together｜缝在一起",
   "get a stitch｜岔气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stitching (n.)",
   "unstitched (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "get a stitch指运动时岔气，不是“缝一针”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stitch"
 },
 {
  "w": "largely",
  "uk": "/ˈlɑːdʒli/",
  "us": "/ˈlɑːrdʒli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "主要地；很大程度上",
    "en": "mostly or to a great extent"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The beach was largely empty when we arrived.",
    "zh": "我们到达时，海滩上几乎没什么人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The success of public health campaigns depends largely on clear communication and widespread community trust.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传活动的成功很大程度上取决于清晰的沟通和广泛的社区信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "largely due to｜主要由于",
   "depend largely on｜主要取决于",
   "remain largely unchanged｜基本保持不变",
   "largely responsible for｜对……负主要责任"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "large (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mostly",
   "mainly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示主要或大体上，不表示物体体积很大。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "largely"
 },
 {
  "w": "faith",
  "uk": "/feɪθ/",
  "us": "/feɪθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "信任；信心",
    "en": "Strong trust or confidence in someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宗教信仰；宗教",
    "en": "Belief in a god, or a particular religious system."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I have faith in your ability to fix this.",
    "zh": "我相信你有能力修好这个。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Transparent decision-making can strengthen public faith in institutions and encourage greater participation in community affairs.",
    "zh": "透明的决策过程能够增强公众对机构的信任，并鼓励更多人参与社区事务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have faith in｜信任；相信",
   "lose faith in｜对……失去信心",
   "religious faith｜宗教信仰",
   "in good faith｜真诚地；善意地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "faithful (adj.)",
   "faithfully (adv.)",
   "faithless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "trust",
   "confidence",
   "belief"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "doubt",
   "distrust"
  ],
  "tip": "表示对某人或某事有信心，用have faith in。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "faith"
 },
 {
  "w": "energetic",
  "uk": "/ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌenərˈdʒetɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "精力充沛的；充满活力的",
    "en": "Having or showing plenty of energy and enthusiasm."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our energetic puppy chased a ball around the garden.",
    "zh": "我们那只精力旺盛的小狗在花园里追着球跑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular physical activity can help office workers feel more energetic and maintain concentration throughout the day.",
    "zh": "经常运动有助于办公室职员更有活力，并在一天中保持专注。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel energetic｜感到精力充沛",
   "energetic children｜精力旺盛的孩子",
   "energetic approach｜积极有力的做法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "energy (n.)",
   "energetically (adv.)",
   "energise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lively",
   "vigorous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lethargic",
   "listless"
  ],
  "tip": "energetic形容人或活动有活力；energy是名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "energetic"
 },
 {
  "w": "drastic",
  "uk": "/ˈdræstɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈdræstɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "激烈的；大幅度的",
    "en": "Extreme or severe, causing a major change"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took drastic action and sold our second car.",
    "zh": "我们采取了大刀阔斧的措施，卖掉了家里的第二辆车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Drastic cuts to public transport funding could leave many low-income households without affordable access to essential services.",
    "zh": "大幅削减公共交通资金，可能让许多低收入家庭无法以可负担的费用获得基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "drastic measures｜严厉措施",
   "drastic action｜果断的重大行动",
   "drastic cuts｜大幅削减",
   "drastic changes｜剧烈变化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drastically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "extreme",
   "radical",
   "severe"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "mild",
   "moderate"
  ],
  "tip": "强调程度大、影响强，不等于表示速度快的rapid。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drastic"
 },
 {
  "w": "sword",
  "uk": "/sɔːd/",
  "us": "/sɔːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "剑；刀",
    "en": "A weapon with a long blade and a handle."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An ancient sword lay inside the museum's glass case.",
    "zh": "一把古剑陈列在博物馆的玻璃展柜里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The discovery of a decorated sword provides evidence of advanced metalworking skills in this ancient society.",
    "zh": "一把装饰精美的剑的发现，为这个古代社会拥有先进金属加工技术提供了证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "draw a sword｜拔剑",
   "a sword blade｜剑刃",
   "a double-edged sword｜双刃剑"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "w不发音；双刃剑可比喻既有利又有弊的事物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sword"
 },
 {
  "w": "tolerate",
  "uk": "/ˈtɒləreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈtɑːləreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "忍受；容忍",
    "en": "To accept something unpleasant or unwanted without stopping it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "耐受；经受住",
    "en": "To withstand difficult conditions or substances without serious harm."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I can tolerate noise, but not while studying.",
    "zh": "我可以忍受噪声，但学习时不行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should not tolerate bullying, because every student deserves a safe and supportive learning environment.",
    "zh": "学校不应容忍欺凌，因为每个学生都应享有安全且充满支持的学习环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tolerate noise｜忍受噪声",
   "tolerate uncertainty｜容忍不确定性",
   "tolerate heat｜耐热",
   "refuse to tolerate｜拒绝容忍"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tolerance (n.)",
   "tolerant (adj.)",
   "tolerable (adj.)",
   "intolerant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "endure",
   "put up with"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "后接名词或动名词：tolerate doing，不接to do。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tolerate"
 },
 {
  "w": "imitate",
  "uk": "/ˈɪmɪteɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪmɪteɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "模仿；仿效",
    "en": "To copy someone's actions, speech, or way of doing something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "仿制；仿造",
    "en": "To make something look or behave like something else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our little sister loves to imitate animal sounds.",
    "zh": "我们的小妹妹喜欢模仿动物的叫声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Young children often imitate adult behaviour, so parents play an important role in developing healthy habits.",
    "zh": "幼儿经常模仿成年人的行为，因此父母在培养健康习惯方面发挥着重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "imitate behaviour｜模仿行为",
   "imitate a voice｜模仿嗓音",
   "imitate nature｜模仿自然"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "imitation (n.)",
   "imitative (adj.)",
   "imitator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "copy",
   "mimic"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "直接接模仿的对象，不加介词：imitate someone。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "imitate"
 },
 {
  "w": "soundtrack",
  "uk": "/ˈsaʊndtræk/",
  "us": "/ˈsaʊndtræk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电影配乐；影视声轨",
    "en": "The recorded music, speech, and sounds accompanying a film or programme."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I listened to the film's soundtrack on the bus.",
    "zh": "我在公交车上听了那部电影的原声音乐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A carefully chosen soundtrack can strengthen a documentary's emotional impact without distracting viewers from its central message.",
    "zh": "精心挑选的配乐可以增强纪录片的情感感染力，又不分散观众对核心信息的注意力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a film soundtrack｜电影原声",
   "an original soundtrack｜原创影视配乐",
   "compose a soundtrack｜创作影视配乐"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不仅指配乐，也可指含对白和音效的完整声轨。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "soundtrack"
 },
 {
  "w": "wound",
  "uk": "/wuːnd/",
  "us": "/wuːnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "伤口；创伤",
    "en": "An injury involving damage to skin or other body tissue."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使受伤",
    "en": "To injure someone's body, especially by damaging the skin."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "伤害感情",
    "en": "To hurt someone's feelings deeply."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse gently cleaned the wound on my knee.",
    "zh": "护士轻轻清洗了我膝盖上的伤口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to clean water and basic medical supplies is essential for treating wounds and preventing infection.",
    "zh": "获得清洁用水和基本医疗用品，对处理伤口和预防感染至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a deep wound｜很深的伤口",
   "treat a wound｜处理伤口",
   "wound someone's pride｜伤害某人的自尊"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wounded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "injury",
   "injure"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "heal"
  ],
  "tip": "伤口读/wuːnd/；wind的过去式wound读/waʊnd/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wound"
 },
 {
  "w": "overflow",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈfləʊ/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvərˈfloʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "溢出；满溢",
    "en": "To flow over the edge because a container is too full."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "充满；挤满",
    "en": "To contain more people or things than can comfortably fit."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "溢出物；溢流",
    "en": "Liquid or other contents that exceed the available space."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bath overflowed while I was answering the door.",
    "zh": "我去应门时，浴缸里的水溢了出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During heavy rainfall, urban drains may overflow and carry polluted water into nearby rivers.",
    "zh": "暴雨期间，城市排水管道可能满溢，将污水带入附近河流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "overflow with people｜挤满人",
   "overflow with joy｜满心欢喜",
   "an overflow pipe｜溢流管"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "overflowing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "spill over"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词重音在末音节，名词重音在首音节。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overflow"
 },
 {
  "w": "terror",
  "uk": "/ˈterə/",
  "us": "/ˈterər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恐惧；惊恐",
    "en": "An extremely strong feeling of fear."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恐怖活动；恐怖手段",
    "en": "Violence or threats used to frighten and control people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She woke in terror after dreaming about a falling lift.",
    "zh": "她梦见电梯坠落，惊恐地醒了过来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Responsible news reporting should inform the public about threats without spreading unnecessary terror among communities.",
    "zh": "负责任的新闻报道应向公众说明威胁，同时避免在社区中传播不必要的恐慌。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in terror｜惊恐地",
   "sheer terror｜极度恐惧",
   "a sense of terror｜恐惧感",
   "a campaign of terror｜一连串恐怖活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "terrify (v.)",
   "terrified (adj.)",
   "terrifying (adj.)",
   "terrorism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "horror",
   "dread"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示强烈恐惧，程度比fear深；通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "terror"
 },
 {
  "w": "feeding",
  "uk": "/ˈfiːdɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈfiːdɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喂养；进食",
    "en": "The act of giving or taking food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puppies always get excited around feeding time.",
    "zh": "小狗们每到喂食时间就特别兴奋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular feeding of wild animals by tourists can alter their behaviour and increase their dependence on humans.",
    "zh": "游客经常给野生动物喂食，可能改变其行为，并增加它们对人类的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feeding time｜喂食时间",
   "feeding habits｜进食习惯",
   "bottle feeding｜奶瓶喂养",
   "a feeding schedule｜喂养时间安排"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "feed (v.)",
   "feeder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可作名词，也可作feed的现在分词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "feeding"
 },
 {
  "w": "progressive",
  "uk": "/prəˈɡresɪv/",
  "us": "/prəˈɡresɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "进步的；支持改革的",
    "en": "supporting new ideas and changes intended to improve society"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "逐步发展的；渐进的",
    "en": "happening or developing gradually over time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "进步人士；改革支持者",
    "en": "a person who supports social or political reform"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our new manager has progressive ideas about flexible working.",
    "zh": "我们的新经理对弹性工作有进步的想法。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Progressive education policies can promote equal opportunities by providing additional support for students from disadvantaged backgrounds.",
    "zh": "进步的教育政策可以为弱势背景的学生提供额外支持，从而促进机会平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "progressive policies｜进步的政策",
   "progressive outlook｜进步的观念",
   "progressive change｜渐进的变化",
   "progressive taxation｜累进税制"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "progress (n.)",
   "progress (v.)",
   "progressively (adv.)",
   "progression (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "forward-thinking"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "conservative"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指支持改革，也可指逐步发展，未必变好。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "progressive"
 },
 {
  "w": "approach",
  "uk": "/əˈprəʊtʃ/",
  "us": "/əˈproʊtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方法；处理方式",
    "en": "A way of dealing with a task or problem."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "接近；靠近",
    "en": "To move nearer to someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "着手处理；接洽",
    "en": "To begin dealing with something or contact someone about it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We tried a different approach to training our puppy.",
    "zh": "我们试着用另一种方法训练小狗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A balanced approach to urban planning should consider both economic growth and the protection of green spaces.",
    "zh": "均衡的城市规划方法应兼顾经济增长和绿地保护。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an approach to learning｜学习方法",
   "adopt an approach｜采用一种方法",
   "approach a problem｜着手处理问题",
   "approach someone for advice｜找某人征求建议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "approachable (adj.)",
   "unapproachable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "method",
   "tackle",
   "near"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词“方法”后用to加名词或动名词；动词后直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "approach"
 },
 {
  "w": "angle",
  "uk": "/ˈæŋɡəl/",
  "us": "/ˈæŋɡəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "角；角度",
    "en": "The space between two lines or surfaces that meet."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "视角；考虑问题的角度",
    "en": "A particular way of considering or presenting something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "斜放；倾斜",
    "en": "To position something so that it slopes or faces sideways."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Adjust the angle of your screen to reduce glare.",
    "zh": "调整屏幕角度以减少眩光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Examining housing shortages from an economic angle can reveal how planning restrictions influence property prices.",
    "zh": "从经济角度审视住房短缺，可以揭示规划限制如何影响房价。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a right angle｜直角",
   "at an angle｜倾斜地",
   "from a different angle｜从不同角度",
   "a viewing angle｜观看角度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "angled (adj.)",
   "angular (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "perspective",
   "slant"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "angle 是角度；angel 才是天使，注意字母顺序。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "angle"
 },
 {
  "w": "occasionally",
  "uk": "/əˈkeɪʒənəli/",
  "us": "/əˈkeɪʒənəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "偶尔；有时",
    "en": "sometimes, but not often or regularly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We occasionally buy fresh bread from the market.",
    "zh": "我们偶尔会在市场买新鲜面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees who occasionally work from home may benefit from greater flexibility without losing regular contact with colleagues.",
    "zh": "偶尔在家办公的员工可以享有更大的灵活性，同时保持与同事的经常联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "only occasionally｜只是偶尔",
   "occasionally visit｜偶尔拜访",
   "occasionally occur｜偶尔发生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "occasion (n.)",
   "occasional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sometimes",
   "now and then"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "frequently"
  ],
  "tip": "常放实义动词前、be动词后，也可放句首。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "occasionally"
 },
 {
  "w": "persuasive",
  "uk": "/pəˈsweɪsɪv/",
  "us": "/pɚˈsweɪsɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有说服力的",
    "en": "Able to make people believe something or agree with you"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her persuasive explanation finally convinced me to join the club.",
    "zh": "她那番有说服力的解释终于让我同意加入俱乐部。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns need persuasive messages that encourage people to adopt healthier daily habits.",
    "zh": "公共健康宣传需要有说服力的信息，鼓励人们养成更健康的日常习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "persuasive argument｜有说服力的论点",
   "persuasive evidence｜有说服力的证据",
   "persuasive speaker｜善于说服人的演讲者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "persuade (v.)",
   "persuasion (n.)",
   "persuasively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "convincing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unconvincing"
  ],
  "tip": "通常形容论点或表达有说服力，不作名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "persuasive"
 },
 {
  "w": "pointless",
  "uk": "/ˈpɔɪntləs/",
  "us": "/ˈpɔɪntləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无意义的；徒劳的",
    "en": "Having no useful purpose or chance of achieving anything."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It is pointless to water plants during heavy rain.",
    "zh": "下大雨时给植物浇水是徒劳的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some students consider examinations pointless when they test memorisation rather than practical understanding of a subject.",
    "zh": "当考试考查的是记忆而非对学科的实际理解时，一些学生认为考试毫无意义。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pointless exercise｜徒劳之举",
   "pointless arguments｜无意义的争论",
   "seem pointless｜显得毫无意义"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "point (n.)",
   "pointlessly (adv.)",
   "pointlessness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "futile",
   "useless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "worthwhile",
   "meaningful"
  ],
  "tip": "常用 it is pointless to do，表示做某事徒劳。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pointless"
 },
 {
  "w": "tighten",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪtən/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拧紧；绷紧；变紧",
    "en": "To make or become tighter or more firmly fixed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "加强；使更严格",
    "en": "To make rules or controls stricter."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please tighten the lid before you shake the bottle.",
    "zh": "请先拧紧瓶盖，再摇瓶子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should tighten safety regulations to ensure that all new housing meets acceptable standards of construction.",
    "zh": "政府应加强安全监管，确保所有新建住房达到合格的建筑标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tighten a screw｜拧紧螺丝",
   "tighten your grip｜握得更紧",
   "tighten regulations｜加强监管规定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tight (adj.)",
   "tightly (adv.)",
   "tightness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "loosen"
  ],
  "tip": "可及物也可不及物：tighten a rope；the rope tightens。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tighten"
 },
 {
  "w": "critical",
  "uk": "/ˈkrɪtɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkrɪtɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "至关重要的；关键的",
    "en": "extremely important to the success or outcome of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "批评的；批判性的",
    "en": "expressing disapproval or carefully judging strengths and weaknesses"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "危急的；严重的",
    "en": "so serious that someone may die or something may fail"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your support was critical when I started my business.",
    "zh": "我创业时，你的支持至关重要。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to clean water is critical to improving public health in rapidly growing urban communities.",
    "zh": "获得清洁用水对改善快速发展城市社区的公共卫生至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "critical to success｜对成功至关重要",
   "critical thinking｜批判性思维",
   "critical of someone｜批评某人",
   "in critical condition｜情况危急"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "critically (adv.)",
   "critic (n.)",
   "criticism (n.)",
   "criticise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "critical of表示批评；critical to表示对……至关重要。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "critical"
 },
 {
  "w": "calf",
  "uk": "/kɑːf/",
  "us": "/kæf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小牛；某些大型动物的幼崽",
    "en": "A young cow or another large mammal, such as an elephant."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小腿肚",
    "en": "The fleshy back part of the leg below the knee."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The calf stayed close to its mother in the field.",
    "zh": "那头小牛在田野里紧紧跟着妈妈。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers must provide each calf with adequate nutrition and shelter to support healthy growth.",
    "zh": "农民必须为每头小牛提供充足的营养和遮蔽场所，以支持其健康生长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a newborn calf｜刚出生的小牛",
   "calf muscles｜小腿肌肉",
   "raise a calf｜饲养小牛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "calves (n.)",
   "calve (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为calves；字母l不发音。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "calf"
 },
 {
  "w": "uneven",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈiːvən/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈiːvən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不平坦的；不平整的",
    "en": "not level, flat, or smooth"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不均匀的；不均衡的",
    "en": "not equal or regular in amount, quality, or distribution"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Watch your step on the uneven stones outside.",
    "zh": "外面的石头高低不平，走路时要小心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Uneven access to digital technology can widen educational inequalities between urban and rural communities.",
    "zh": "获取数字技术的机会不均等，可能扩大城乡社区之间的教育差距。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "uneven ground｜不平坦的地面",
   "uneven distribution｜不均匀分布",
   "uneven development｜不均衡发展"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "even (adj.)",
   "unevenly (adv.)",
   "unevenness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "irregular"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "even"
  ],
  "tip": "奇数用odd，不用uneven；uneven强调不平或不均。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "uneven"
 },
 {
  "w": "hesitation",
  "uk": "/ˌhezɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌhezɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "犹豫；迟疑",
    "en": "A pause or delay caused by uncertainty or nervousness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After a moment of hesitation, Lina knocked on the door.",
    "zh": "犹豫片刻后，莉娜敲了敲门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some students show hesitation when speaking a foreign language because they fear making mistakes in front of classmates.",
    "zh": "一些学生说外语时会迟疑，因为他们害怕在同学面前犯错。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "without hesitation｜毫不犹豫地",
   "a moment's hesitation｜片刻犹豫",
   "have no hesitation in doing｜毫不犹豫地做"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hesitate (v)",
   "hesitant (adj)",
   "hesitantly (adv)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "indecision",
   "reluctance"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "decisiveness"
  ],
  "tip": "毫不犹豫做某事：have no hesitation in doing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hesitation"
 },
 {
  "w": "taxpayer",
  "uk": "/ˈtæksˌpeɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈtæksˌpeɪər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纳税人",
    "en": "A person or organisation that pays taxes."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "As a taxpayer, I want cleaner streets and safer parks.",
    "zh": "作为纳税人，我希望街道更干净，公园更安全。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public infrastructure projects should deliver lasting benefits to the taxpayers who finance them.",
    "zh": "公共基础设施项目应为出资的纳税人带来持久的益处。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "taxpayer money｜纳税人的钱",
   "at taxpayers' expense｜由纳税人承担费用",
   "taxpayer funding｜纳税人提供的资金"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tax (n.)",
   "tax (v.)",
   "taxation (n.)",
   "taxable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指纳税的个人，也可指纳税机构。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "taxpayer"
 },
 {
  "w": "carrier",
  "uk": "/ˈkæriə/",
  "us": "/ˈkæriər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运输公司；承运人",
    "en": "a company or person that transports people or goods"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "病原体携带者；传播媒介",
    "en": "a person or animal that carries and may spread disease"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "携带用具",
    "en": "an object designed to hold something while it is carried"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The carrier delivered our new sofa this morning.",
    "zh": "运输公司今天早上送来了我们的新沙发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People can be carriers of certain infections without symptoms, making effective disease prevention more challenging.",
    "zh": "人们可能携带某些病原体却没有症状，这使有效预防疾病更具挑战性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "air carrier｜航空运输公司",
   "disease carrier｜疾病传播者",
   "baby carrier｜婴儿背带",
   "pet carrier｜宠物便携箱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "carry (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "医学中carrier可能没有症状，但仍携带病原体。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "carrier"
 },
 {
  "w": "moral",
  "uk": "/ˈmɒrəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɔːrəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "道德的；合乎道德的",
    "en": "concerning right and wrong, or following accepted standards of goodness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "寓意；教训",
    "en": "a lesson about right and wrong learned from a story"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Returning the lost wallet was clearly the moral choice.",
    "zh": "归还丢失的钱包显然是合乎道德的选择。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies have a moral responsibility to ensure that their suppliers provide safe working conditions.",
    "zh": "企业在道义上有责任确保其供应商提供安全的工作环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "moral responsibility｜道德责任",
   "moral dilemma｜道德困境",
   "moral support｜精神支持",
   "the moral of the story｜故事的寓意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "morality (n.)",
   "morally (adv.)",
   "immoral (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ethical"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "immoral"
  ],
  "tip": "moral指道德；morale指士气，注意拼写区别。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "moral"
 },
 {
  "w": "drill",
  "uk": "/drɪl/",
  "us": "/drɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钻；钻孔机",
    "en": "a tool or machine used to make holes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "演习；反复练习",
    "en": "repeated practice of a skill or emergency procedure"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "钻孔；反复训练",
    "en": "to make holes with a tool or train through repetition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I borrowed a drill to put up the shelf.",
    "zh": "我借了一把电钻来安装架子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular fire drills help students respond calmly during emergencies and identify the safest routes out of school buildings.",
    "zh": "定期消防演习帮助学生在紧急情况下冷静应对，并辨认出离开校舍的最安全路线。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "electric drill｜电钻",
   "fire drill｜消防演习",
   "drill a hole｜钻孔",
   "practice drills｜专项反复练习"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drilling (n.)",
   "driller (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fire drill 是消防演习，不是灭火用的钻具。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drill"
 },
 {
  "w": "respectfully",
  "uk": "/rɪˈspektfəli/",
  "us": "/rɪˈspektfəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "恭敬地；尊重地",
    "en": "In a way that shows politeness and regard for others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children listened respectfully while their grandfather shared memories.",
    "zh": "祖父讲述往事时，孩子们恭敬地听着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should learn to disagree respectfully with opposing views rather than dismissing them without careful consideration.",
    "zh": "学生应学会尊重地表达对相反观点的异议，而不是未经认真思考就否定它们。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "respectfully disagree｜礼貌地表示不同意",
   "respectfully request｜恭敬地请求",
   "treat someone respectfully｜尊重地对待某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "respect (n.)",
   "respect (v.)",
   "respectful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "politely",
   "courteously"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disrespectfully",
   "rudely"
  ],
  "tip": "勿混respectively（分别地）；本词强调尊重。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "respectfully"
 },
 {
  "w": "clubhouse",
  "uk": "/ˈklʌbhaʊs/",
  "us": "/ˈklʌbhaʊs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "俱乐部会所",
    "en": "a building where club members meet and use shared facilities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We left our tennis bags outside the clubhouse.",
    "zh": "我们把网球包放在了俱乐部会所外面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A shared clubhouse can strengthen community ties by giving local sports teams a place to meet regularly.",
    "zh": "共用会所为当地运动队提供定期聚会的场所，有助于加强社区联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "golf clubhouse｜高尔夫俱乐部会所",
   "clubhouse facilities｜会所设施",
   "clubhouse lounge｜会所休息室"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指俱乐部使用的建筑，不指俱乐部这个组织。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clubhouse"
 },
 {
  "w": "enclose",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkləʊz/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈkloʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "围住；把…圈起来",
    "en": "To surround something with a wall, fence, or other barrier."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "随函附上；装入信封",
    "en": "To put something inside an envelope or package with something else."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A low stone wall encloses our sunny back garden.",
    "zh": "一道低矮的石墙围着我们阳光充足的后花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Applicants should enclose copies of their qualifications when submitting a paper application for the scholarship.",
    "zh": "申请人提交纸质奖学金申请时，应随附资格证明文件的复印件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enclose a garden｜围起花园",
   "enclose a copy｜随函附上副本",
   "fully enclosed｜完全封闭的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enclosure (n.)",
   "enclosed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "surround",
   "encircle"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "纸质信件随附用enclose；邮件附件用attach。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enclose"
 },
 {
  "w": "astronomer",
  "uk": "/əˈstrɒnəmə/",
  "us": "/əˈstrɑːnəmɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天文学家",
    "en": "a scientist who studies stars, planets, and space"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The astronomer adjusted her telescope beneath the clear night sky.",
    "zh": "那位天文学家在晴朗的夜空下调整了望远镜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Astronomers use powerful telescopes to investigate distant galaxies and improve our understanding of how the universe developed.",
    "zh": "天文学家利用高性能望远镜研究遥远的星系，加深我们对宇宙演化过程的理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "professional astronomer｜专业天文学家",
   "amateur astronomer｜业余天文学家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "astronomy (n.)",
   "astronomical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "astronomer研究天体；astrologer是占星师。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "astronomer"
 },
 {
  "w": "changeable",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃeɪndʒəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃeɪndʒəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多变的；变化无常的",
    "en": "Likely to change frequently or unexpectedly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Pack a light jacket because the weather is changeable.",
    "zh": "带上一件薄外套吧，因为天气多变。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers need reliable forecasts to plan their work effectively in regions with highly changeable weather.",
    "zh": "在天气高度多变的地区，农民需要可靠的预报来有效安排农活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "changeable weather｜多变的天气",
   "a changeable mood｜变化无常的情绪",
   "highly changeable｜极易变化的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "change (v.)",
   "change (n.)",
   "unchangeable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "variable",
   "unpredictable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "stable",
   "constant"
  ],
  "tip": "常形容天气或情绪多变；注意保留change末尾的e。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "changeable"
 },
 {
  "w": "input",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnpʊt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnpʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "输入的信息；投入",
    "en": "information or resources supplied to a system or process"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意见；建议",
    "en": "ideas or advice contributed to a discussion or task"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "输入",
    "en": "to enter information into a computer or other device"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please input your address before choosing a delivery time.",
    "zh": "请选择配送时间前先输入地址。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community input can help planners design public spaces that better reflect local needs.",
    "zh": "居民的意见可以帮助规划者设计出更符合当地需求的公共空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "data input｜数据输入",
   "valuable input｜宝贵意见",
   "input data｜输入数据",
   "labour input｜劳动力投入"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "output"
  ],
  "tip": "作动词时，过去式可用 input 或 inputted。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "input"
 },
 {
  "w": "commute",
  "uk": "/kəˈmjuːt/",
  "us": "/kəˈmjuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "通勤；往返上班",
    "en": "To travel regularly between home and work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "通勤路程",
    "en": "A regular journey between home and work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "减轻刑罚",
    "en": "To replace a legal punishment with a less severe one."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I commute by train and usually read a book.",
    "zh": "我坐火车上下班，路上通常会看书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees who commute long distances may experience greater stress and have less time for family activities.",
    "zh": "长距离通勤的员工可能承受更大压力，陪伴家人的时间也更少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commute to work｜通勤上班",
   "daily commute｜每日通勤",
   "commute by train｜乘火车通勤",
   "commute a sentence｜减刑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "commuter (n.)",
   "commuting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通勤用 commute to work；减刑用 commute a sentence。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commute"
 },
 {
  "w": "correlation",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒrəˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɔːrəˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "相关性；关联",
    "en": "A relationship in which changes in things are linked"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I noticed a correlation between late nights and headaches.",
    "zh": "我发现熬夜和头痛之间存在关联。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A strong correlation between income and educational achievement does not necessarily mean that wealth directly causes academic success.",
    "zh": "收入与学业成绩高度相关，并不一定意味着财富直接带来学业成功。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strong correlation｜高度相关",
   "positive correlation｜正相关",
   "negative correlation｜负相关",
   "correlation between｜……之间的相关性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "correlate (v.)",
   "correlated (adj.)",
   "correlational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "association",
   "relationship"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "correlation不等于causation：相关不代表因果。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "correlation"
 },
 {
  "w": "filthy",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪlθi/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪlθi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "肮脏的；污秽的",
    "en": "Extremely dirty."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "下流的；猥亵的",
    "en": "Offensive because of rude or sexual content."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your boots are filthy after that walk through the fields.",
    "zh": "你穿过田野走了一趟，靴子脏得不成样子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Filthy water supplies increase the risk of disease, particularly in communities without adequate sanitation infrastructure.",
    "zh": "肮脏的供水会增加患病风险，在缺乏完善卫生基础设施的社区尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "filthy clothes｜脏衣服",
   "filthy conditions｜极其肮脏的环境",
   "filthy language｜下流话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "filth (n.)",
   "filthiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grimy",
   "disgusting"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "clean",
   "spotless"
  ],
  "tip": "比dirty语气强，表示非常脏；也可形容言语下流。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "filthy"
 },
 {
  "w": "fuss",
  "uk": "/fʌs/",
  "us": "/fʌs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大惊小怪；无谓的忙乱",
    "en": "unnecessary excitement, worry, or activity about something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "瞎操心；过分关注",
    "en": "to worry or give excessive attention to small things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't make a fuss about a little mud.",
    "zh": "只是一点泥巴，别大惊小怪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some parents fuss over minor mistakes, which may discourage children from trying unfamiliar activities.",
    "zh": "有些家长对小错误过分操心，这可能使孩子不敢尝试陌生的活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a fuss｜大惊小怪",
   "without any fuss｜毫不费事地",
   "fuss over someone｜对某人过分关照"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fussy (adj.)",
   "fussiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "make a fuss指大惊小怪；fuss over指过分操心。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fuss"
 },
 {
  "w": "interpret",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtɜːprɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtɝːprɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "解释；理解",
    "en": "To explain or understand the meaning of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "口译",
    "en": "To translate someone's speech into another language as they speak"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I interpreted her smile as permission to sit down.",
    "zh": "我把她的微笑理解为允许我坐下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must interpret survey results carefully because cultural differences may influence how participants understand the questions.",
    "zh": "研究人员必须谨慎解读调查结果，因为文化差异可能影响参与者对问题的理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "interpret data｜解读数据",
   "interpret something as｜将某事理解为",
   "interpret for someone｜为某人口译"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "interpretation (n.)",
   "interpreter (n.)",
   "misinterpret (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "explain",
   "construe"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "interpret可指口译；笔译通常用translate。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "interpret"
 },
 {
  "w": "literacy",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪtərəsi/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪtərəsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "读写能力",
    "en": "The ability to read and write."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "某领域的基本素养",
    "en": "Basic knowledge and skills needed in a particular area."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The library offers free literacy classes for local adults.",
    "zh": "图书馆为当地成年人提供免费的读写课程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving digital literacy helps older adults access essential services and participate more fully in modern society.",
    "zh": "提高数字素养有助于老年人获取必要服务，更充分地参与现代社会生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adult literacy｜成人读写能力",
   "literacy rates｜识字率",
   "digital literacy｜数字素养",
   "financial literacy｜金融素养"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "literate (adj.)",
   "illiterate (adj.)",
   "illiteracy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "illiteracy"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数；digital literacy指数字素养，不只是识字。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "literacy"
 },
 {
  "w": "crumble",
  "uk": "/ˈkrʌmbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkrʌmbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "碎裂；弄碎",
    "en": "to break, or make something break, into small pieces"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逐渐崩溃；衰败",
    "en": "to gradually lose strength, effectiveness, or power"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dry biscuit crumbled as I picked it up.",
    "zh": "我拿起那块干饼干时，它碎了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without regular maintenance, historic buildings may crumble, causing communities to lose an important part of their heritage.",
    "zh": "如果没有定期维护，历史建筑可能逐渐坍塌，使社区失去重要的文化遗产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "crumble into pieces｜碎成小块",
   "crumble under pressure｜在压力下崩溃",
   "crumble away｜逐渐碎裂消失"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crumb (n.)",
   "crumbly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disintegrate",
   "collapse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指实物碎裂，也可指信心、权力等崩溃。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crumble"
 },
 {
  "w": "radish",
  "uk": "/ˈrædɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈrædɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "萝卜；小萝卜",
    "en": "a crisp edible root, often small, red, and slightly spicy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I sliced a crisp radish into our lunchtime salad.",
    "zh": "我把一个脆萝卜切成片，放进了午餐沙拉里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing radishes in school gardens allows children to observe plant development and learn about healthy eating.",
    "zh": "在学校菜园种萝卜能让孩子们观察植物生长，并了解健康饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sliced radishes｜萝卜片",
   "radish seeds｜萝卜种子",
   "pickled radish｜腌萝卜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；常指红皮小萝卜，白萝卜可称daikon。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "radish"
 },
 {
  "w": "enquire",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkwaɪə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈkwaɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "询问；打听",
    "en": "To ask for information about something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I called the hotel to enquire about available rooms.",
    "zh": "我打电话给酒店，询问是否有空房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prospective students should enquire about financial support before deciding which university course best suits their needs.",
    "zh": "有意申请的学生应先询问资助情况，再决定哪门大学课程最适合自己。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enquire about prices｜询问价格",
   "enquire whether｜询问是否",
   "enquire into a matter｜调查某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enquiry (n.)",
   "enquirer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ask",
   "inquire"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常用enquire，美式通常用inquire。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enquire"
 },
 {
  "w": "masterpiece",
  "uk": "/ˈmɑːstəpiːs/",
  "us": "/ˈmæstərpiːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "杰作；代表作",
    "en": "an exceptionally fine work of art, literature, or skill"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone stopped to admire the masterpiece above the fireplace.",
    "zh": "大家都停下来欣赏壁炉上方的那幅杰作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Displaying a masterpiece in a public museum allows people from different backgrounds to appreciate artistic achievement.",
    "zh": "在公共博物馆展出杰作，能让不同背景的人欣赏艺术成就。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a literary masterpiece｜文学杰作",
   "an artistic masterpiece｜艺术杰作",
   "create a masterpiece｜创作杰作"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指作品，不用来指才华出众的人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "masterpiece"
 },
 {
  "w": "orphan",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːfən/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːrfən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "孤儿",
    "en": "a child whose parents have both died"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使成为孤儿",
    "en": "to cause a child to lose both parents through death"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The story follows an orphan living with her aunt.",
    "zh": "这个故事讲述了一个与姑姑生活的孤儿的经历。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children orphaned by natural disasters need stable care, emotional support, and continued access to education.",
    "zh": "因自然灾害成为孤儿的儿童需要稳定的照料、情感支持，以及继续接受教育的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be orphaned at a young age｜幼年失去双亲",
   "care for orphans｜照料孤儿",
   "an orphaned child｜失去双亲的孩子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "orphanage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用be orphaned表示因双亲去世而成为孤儿。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "orphan"
 },
 {
  "w": "imaginary",
  "uk": "/ɪˈmædʒɪnəri/",
  "us": "/ɪˈmædʒəneri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "想象中的；虚构的",
    "en": "existing only in the mind, not in reality"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The child poured tea for an imaginary friend.",
    "zh": "那个孩子给一位想象中的朋友倒了茶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Creating imaginary worlds through storytelling can help children develop creativity and explore unfamiliar social situations safely.",
    "zh": "通过讲故事创造想象中的世界，有助于儿童培养创造力，并安全地探索陌生的社交情境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "imaginary friend｜想象中的朋友",
   "imaginary world｜虚构的世界",
   "imaginary situation｜假想情境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "imagine (v.)",
   "imagination (n.)",
   "imaginative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fictional",
   "unreal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "real",
   "actual"
  ],
  "tip": "imaginary指想象中的；imaginative指富有想象力的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "imaginary"
 },
 {
  "w": "suffering",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌfərɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌfərɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "痛苦；苦难",
    "en": "Physical or mental pain experienced by people or animals."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The medicine eased her suffering and helped her sleep.",
    "zh": "药物减轻了她的痛苦，让她得以入睡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving access to clean water can reduce human suffering in communities affected by prolonged drought.",
    "zh": "改善清洁用水的获取条件，可以减轻长期受干旱影响的社区居民的苦难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "alleviate suffering｜缓解痛苦",
   "human suffering｜人类的苦难",
   "unnecessary suffering｜不必要的痛苦"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suffer (v.)",
   "sufferer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "distress",
   "pain",
   "anguish"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指痛苦时通常不可数；sufferings指种种苦难。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suffering"
 },
 {
  "w": "disposable",
  "uk": "/dɪˈspəʊzəbl/",
  "us": "/dɪˈspoʊzəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "一次性的；用后丢弃的",
    "en": "intended to be thrown away after use"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "税后可支配的",
    "en": "available for spending or saving after taxes are paid"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We packed disposable plates for the picnic by the lake.",
    "zh": "我们为湖边野餐带上了一次性盘子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing the use of disposable packaging could significantly decrease the amount of waste sent to landfill.",
    "zh": "减少使用一次性包装可以显著减少送往垃圾填埋场的废弃物量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disposable income｜可支配收入",
   "disposable gloves｜一次性手套",
   "disposable packaging｜一次性包装",
   "disposable cups｜一次性杯子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dispose (v.)",
   "disposal (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "single-use",
   "throwaway"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reusable"
  ],
  "tip": "disposable income指税后收入，不是扣除生活费后的余额。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disposable"
 },
 {
  "w": "bronze",
  "uk": "/brɒnz/",
  "us": "/brɑːnz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "青铜",
    "en": "A brownish metal made mainly from copper and tin."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铜牌",
    "en": "A medal awarded for finishing third in a competition."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "青铜制的；古铜色的",
    "en": "Made of bronze, or having its reddish-brown color."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The small statue is made of solid bronze.",
    "zh": "这尊小雕像是用实心青铜制成的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ancient tools made from bronze reveal how advances in metalworking transformed agriculture and trade across early societies.",
    "zh": "古代青铜工具揭示了金属加工技术的进步如何改变早期社会的农业和贸易。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bronze statue｜青铜雕像",
   "bronze medal｜铜牌",
   "cast in bronze｜用青铜铸造"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bronze是青铜；brass是黄铜；copper是铜。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bronze"
 },
 {
  "w": "seek",
  "uk": "/siːk/",
  "us": "/siːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "寻找；寻求",
    "en": "To try to find or obtain something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "试图；设法",
    "en": "To try to do or achieve something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You should seek advice before buying a used car.",
    "zh": "买二手车之前，你应该征求意见。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many graduates seek employment abroad to gain professional experience and develop their language skills.",
    "zh": "许多毕业生到国外求职，以积累职业经验并提升语言技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "seek advice｜征求意见",
   "seek employment｜求职",
   "seek to improve｜力求改善",
   "seek help｜寻求帮助"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "seeker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "look for",
   "search for"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为sought；后直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seek"
 },
 {
  "w": "triumph",
  "uk": "/ˈtraɪʌmf/",
  "us": "/ˈtraɪʌmf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重大胜利；巨大成功",
    "en": "An important victory or impressive achievement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胜利的喜悦",
    "en": "Great happiness and pride after achieving success."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "获胜；战胜",
    "en": "To achieve victory or overcome a difficulty."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Winning the local chess tournament was a triumph for Amir.",
    "zh": "赢得当地国际象棋锦标赛对阿米尔来说是一次重大胜利。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The successful restoration of the wetland represents a triumph for conservation groups and local residents.",
    "zh": "湿地的成功修复是环保团体和当地居民取得的一项重大成果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a major triumph｜重大胜利",
   "a sense of triumph｜胜利的喜悦",
   "triumph over adversity｜战胜逆境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "triumphant (adj.)",
   "triumphantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "victory",
   "success"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "defeat",
   "failure"
  ],
  "tip": "作动词时常用triumph over，表示战胜。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "triumph"
 },
 {
  "w": "effectively",
  "uk": "/ɪˈfektɪvli/",
  "us": "/ɪˈfektɪvli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "有效地",
    "en": "in a way that achieves the intended result"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "实际上；事实上",
    "en": "in practice, although not officially or in every detail"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This simple brush cleans muddy shoes surprisingly effectively.",
    "zh": "这把简单的刷子清理沾泥的鞋子，效果出奇地好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can reduce waste effectively by encouraging students to reuse materials during classroom activities.",
    "zh": "学校可以鼓励学生在课堂活动中重复使用材料，从而有效减少浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "communicate effectively｜有效沟通",
   "work effectively｜有效发挥作用",
   "effectively impossible｜实际上不可能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "effective (adj.)",
   "effectiveness (n.)",
   "ineffective (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "ineffectively"
  ],
  "tip": "effectively侧重效果；efficiently侧重效率。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "effectively"
 },
 {
  "w": "enlarge",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈlɑːdʒ/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈlɑːrdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "扩大；放大",
    "en": "To become bigger or make something bigger."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you enlarge this photo so we can frame it?",
    "zh": "你能把这张照片放大，好让我们装框吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "The council plans to enlarge the public library to accommodate growing demand for quiet study spaces.",
    "zh": "市政委员会计划扩建公共图书馆，以满足对安静学习空间日益增长的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enlarge a photo｜放大照片",
   "enlarge an image｜放大图像",
   "enlarge on a point｜详述某一点"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enlargement (n.)",
   "enlarged (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "expand",
   "magnify"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "shrink",
   "reduce"
  ],
  "tip": "enlarge指扩大；enlarge on指进一步详述。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enlarge"
 },
 {
  "w": "skull",
  "uk": "/skʌl/",
  "us": "/skʌl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "颅骨；头骨",
    "en": "the bony structure of the head that protects the brain"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displayed the skull of a large dinosaur.",
    "zh": "博物馆展出了一只大型恐龙的头骨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wearing a properly fitted helmet helps protect the skull and brain during cycling accidents.",
    "zh": "骑行发生事故时，佩戴尺寸合适的头盔有助于保护颅骨和大脑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a skull fracture｜颅骨骨折",
   "the base of the skull｜颅底",
   "a human skull｜人类头骨"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cranium"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "skull指头部骨骼，brain指内部的大脑。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "skull"
 },
 {
  "w": "opener",
  "uk": "/ˈəʊpənə/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊpənər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "开瓶器；开罐器",
    "en": "a tool used to open bottles, cans, or other containers"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "开场节目；首场比赛",
    "en": "the first event or performance in a series"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I keep the bottle opener in the kitchen drawer.",
    "zh": "我把开瓶器放在厨房抽屉里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The festival opener attracted a diverse audience, demonstrating the growing popularity of local cultural events.",
    "zh": "艺术节的开场演出吸引了不同背景的观众，显示出本地文化活动日益受到欢迎。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bottle opener｜开瓶器",
   "can opener｜开罐器",
   "season opener｜赛季首场比赛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "open (v.)",
   "opening (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "工具名称常用容器名加opener，如can opener。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "opener"
 },
 {
  "w": "suspicion",
  "uk": "/səˈspɪʃən/",
  "us": "/səˈspɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "怀疑；嫌疑",
    "en": "a belief that something is wrong without definite proof"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "猜疑；不信任",
    "en": "a feeling that someone or something cannot be trusted"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一点儿；少许",
    "en": "a very small amount of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I had a suspicion that someone had moved my keys.",
    "zh": "我怀疑有人动过我的钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A lack of transparency can increase public suspicion of how government contracts are awarded.",
    "zh": "缺乏透明度会加深公众对政府合同授予方式的怀疑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "arouse suspicion｜引起怀疑",
   "under suspicion｜受到怀疑",
   "on suspicion of theft｜涉嫌盗窃",
   "a suspicion that｜怀疑……"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suspect (v.)",
   "suspicious (adj.)",
   "suspiciously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "doubt",
   "mistrust"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "trust"
  ],
  "tip": "常用suspicion of或suspicion that从句。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suspicion"
 },
 {
  "w": "digestion",
  "uk": "/daɪˈdʒestʃən/",
  "us": "/daɪˈdʒestʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "消化；消化能力",
    "en": "the process of breaking down food so the body absorbs nutrients"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Drinking enough water helps keep your digestion working well.",
    "zh": "喝足够的水有助于维持良好的消化功能。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A balanced diet supports healthy digestion and provides the nutrients needed for growth and daily activity.",
    "zh": "均衡饮食有助于健康消化，并提供生长和日常活动所需的营养。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "aid digestion｜帮助消化",
   "healthy digestion｜健康的消化功能",
   "poor digestion｜消化不良"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "digest (v.)",
   "digestive (adj.)",
   "digestible (adj.)",
   "indigestion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；消化不良常用 indigestion。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "digestion"
 },
 {
  "w": "dissatisfaction",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪsˌsætɪsˈfækʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪsˌsætɪsˈfækʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不满；不满意",
    "en": "the feeling that something is not as good as expected"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He expressed his dissatisfaction with the cold meal politely.",
    "zh": "他礼貌地表达了对饭菜冰凉的不满。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing dissatisfaction with public transport has encouraged local authorities to review bus routes and fares.",
    "zh": "公众对公共交通日益不满，促使地方当局重新审视公交线路和票价。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dissatisfaction with｜对……的不满",
   "express dissatisfaction｜表达不满",
   "widespread dissatisfaction｜普遍的不满",
   "job dissatisfaction｜对工作的不满"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dissatisfied (adj.)",
   "satisfaction (n.)",
   "satisfy (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "discontent",
   "displeasure"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "satisfaction",
   "contentment"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；对某事不满用dissatisfaction with。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dissatisfaction"
 },
 {
  "w": "simplicity",
  "uk": "/sɪmˈplɪsəti/",
  "us": "/sɪmˈplɪsəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "简单；简易",
    "en": "The quality of being easy to understand or use."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "简朴；朴素",
    "en": "The quality of having little decoration or unnecessary detail."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I love the simplicity of this easy vegetable soup recipe.",
    "zh": "我喜欢这份蔬菜汤食谱，做法特别简单。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The simplicity of a digital service can determine whether older users feel confident accessing essential information independently.",
    "zh": "数字服务是否简便，可能决定老年用户是否有信心独立获取必要信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "for simplicity｜为简便起见",
   "simplicity of design｜设计的简洁",
   "elegant simplicity｜典雅简约"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "simple (adj.)",
   "simply (adv.)",
   "simplify (v.)",
   "simplification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "complexity"
  ],
  "tip": "simplicity通常不可数；simple的名词形式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "simplicity"
 },
 {
  "w": "crate",
  "uk": "/kreɪt/",
  "us": "/kreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "板条箱；运输箱",
    "en": "A strong container used to store or transport goods."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把……装入运输箱",
    "en": "To pack something into a strong container for transport."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We carried a crate of apples into the kitchen.",
    "zh": "我们把一箱苹果搬进了厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reusable plastic crates can reduce packaging waste when food suppliers establish reliable systems for collecting empty containers.",
    "zh": "如果食品供应商建立可靠的空箱回收机制，可重复使用的塑料周转箱就能减少包装废弃物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wooden crate｜木制板条箱",
   "a crate of fruit｜一箱水果",
   "pack into crates｜装入运输箱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指木制或塑料运输箱；a crate of表示一箱。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crate"
 },
 {
  "w": "sprain",
  "uk": "/spreɪn/",
  "us": "/spreɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "扭伤关节",
    "en": "To injure a joint by twisting it too far."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "关节扭伤",
    "en": "An injury caused by twisting a joint too far."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I sprained my ankle while running for the bus.",
    "zh": "我跑着赶公交车时扭伤了脚踝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Athletes who sprain a joint should allow sufficient recovery time before returning to competitive sport.",
    "zh": "运动员扭伤关节后，应留出足够的恢复时间再重返竞技运动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sprain an ankle｜扭伤脚踝",
   "sprain a wrist｜扭伤手腕",
   "a severe sprain｜严重扭伤"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sprained (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sprain指关节扭伤；strain常指肌肉或肌腱拉伤。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sprain"
 },
 {
  "w": "mint",
  "uk": "/mɪnt/",
  "us": "/mɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "薄荷；薄荷糖",
    "en": "an aromatic herb, or a sweet flavored with it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铸币厂",
    "en": "a place where coins are officially made"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "铸造硬币",
    "en": "to make coins from metal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I added fresh mint to the lemon water.",
    "zh": "我往柠檬水里加了新鲜薄荷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing herbs such as mint in urban gardens can provide fresh ingredients and encourage interest in food production.",
    "zh": "在城市花园中种植薄荷等香草，可以提供新鲜食材，并激发人们对食物生产的兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fresh mint｜新鲜薄荷",
   "mint tea｜薄荷茶",
   "mint coins｜铸造硬币",
   "in mint condition｜完好如新"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "minty (adj.)",
   "minting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "植物义通常不可数；a mint可指一颗薄荷糖。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mint"
 },
 {
  "w": "pail",
  "uk": "/peɪl/",
  "us": "/peɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "提桶；一桶的量",
    "en": "A handled container for carrying liquids, or the amount it holds."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She carried a pail of water into the garden.",
    "zh": "她提了一桶水走进花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In villages without reliable plumbing, residents may carry drinking water home in a pail.",
    "zh": "在供水管道不完善的村庄，居民可能需要用提桶将饮用水带回家。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pail of water｜一桶水",
   "fill a pail｜装满提桶",
   "milk pail｜牛奶桶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pailful (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bucket"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与pale同音；日常英语中bucket更常见。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pail"
 },
 {
  "w": "ministry",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪnɪstri/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪnɪstri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "政府的部",
    "en": "a government department responsible for a particular area"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牧师职务；宗教服务",
    "en": "the work or duties of a religious minister"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt works at the ministry near the station.",
    "zh": "我姑姑在车站附近的政府部门工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The education ministry should consult teachers before introducing major changes to the national school curriculum.",
    "zh": "教育部在对全国学校课程作出重大调整之前，应征求教师的意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "education ministry｜教育部",
   "foreign ministry｜外交部",
   "Ministry of Health｜卫生部"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "minister (n.)",
   "ministerial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "政府部门名称常用Ministry of加领域名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ministry"
 },
 {
  "w": "salute",
  "uk": "/səˈluːt/",
  "us": "/səˈluːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "向……敬礼；致敬",
    "en": "To show respect through a formal gesture, especially in the military."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赞扬；颂扬",
    "en": "To publicly express admiration for someone or their achievements."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "敬礼；致敬",
    "en": "A formal gesture or action showing respect."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The officer raised her hand to salute the captain.",
    "zh": "那位军官抬手向上尉敬礼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public ceremonies can salute the contributions of volunteers while encouraging more citizens to participate in community projects.",
    "zh": "公共仪式可以表彰志愿者的贡献，同时鼓励更多公民参与社区项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "salute an officer｜向军官敬礼",
   "give a salute｜行礼",
   "salute someone's courage｜赞扬某人的勇气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "salutation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词直接接人：salute someone，无需加to。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "salute"
 },
 {
  "w": "foul",
  "uk": "/faʊl/",
  "us": "/faʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "恶臭的；令人厌恶的",
    "en": "Extremely unpleasant, especially in smell or taste."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体育比赛中的犯规",
    "en": "An action that breaks the rules of a sport."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弄脏；污染",
    "en": "To make something dirty or polluted."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A foul smell drifted from the forgotten rubbish bin.",
    "zh": "一股恶臭从那个被遗忘的垃圾桶里飘了出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Untreated industrial waste can foul rivers, threatening aquatic wildlife and the health of nearby communities.",
    "zh": "未经处理的工业废物会污染河流，威胁水生野生动物和附近居民的健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "foul smell｜恶臭",
   "commit a foul｜犯规",
   "foul language｜粗言秽语",
   "foul weather｜恶劣天气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "foulness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "体育中犯规用commit a foul；恶劣天气也可用foul。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "foul"
 },
 {
  "w": "gigantic",
  "uk": "/dʒaɪˈɡæntɪk/",
  "us": "/dʒaɪˈɡæntɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巨大的；庞大的",
    "en": "extremely large in size or amount"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A gigantic pumpkin filled the entire kitchen table.",
    "zh": "一个巨大的南瓜占满了整张餐桌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building gigantic dams can generate renewable electricity, but it may also destroy habitats and displace local communities.",
    "zh": "修建巨型水坝可以生产可再生电力，但也可能破坏栖息地，迫使当地居民搬迁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a gigantic task｜艰巨的任务",
   "a gigantic structure｜巨型建筑",
   "a gigantic wave｜巨浪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "giant (n.)",
   "gigantically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enormous",
   "huge",
   "immense"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tiny",
   "minute"
  ],
  "tip": "语气强于big，可形容体积、规模或任务。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gigantic"
 },
 {
  "w": "tide",
  "uk": "/taɪd/",
  "us": "/taɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "潮汐；潮水",
    "en": "the regular rise and fall of the sea"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "趋势；潮流",
    "en": "a strong movement or change in events or opinion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "At low tide, we walked across the exposed sand.",
    "zh": "退潮时，我们走过露出的沙地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal planners must consider how rising sea levels and high tides could threaten homes and transport infrastructure.",
    "zh": "沿海规划者必须考虑海平面上升和高潮位可能如何威胁住宅及交通基础设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "high tide｜高潮；涨潮最高点",
   "low tide｜低潮；落潮最低点",
   "turn the tide｜扭转局势",
   "a tide of change｜变革浪潮"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tidal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tide是海水的周期性涨落，wave是单个波浪。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tide"
 },
 {
  "w": "vital",
  "uk": "/ˈvaɪtəl/",
  "us": "/ˈvaɪtəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "至关重要的；必不可少的",
    "en": "extremely important or necessary"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "维持生命所必需的",
    "en": "necessary for keeping a living body alive"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A warm coat is vital on these freezing mornings.",
    "zh": "在这样寒冷的早晨，一件暖和的外套必不可少。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable public transport plays a vital role in reducing urban congestion and improving access to employment.",
    "zh": "可靠的公共交通对缓解城市拥堵和改善就业机会的可及性起着至关重要的作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play a vital role｜发挥关键作用",
   "vital importance｜极端重要性",
   "vital organs｜重要器官",
   "vital for survival｜生存所必需的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vitally (adv.)",
   "vitality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "essential",
   "crucial"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unimportant"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be vital for/to，表示对……至关重要。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vital"
 },
 {
  "w": "past-due",
  "uk": "/ˌpɑːst ˈdjuː/",
  "us": "/ˌpæst ˈduː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "逾期未付的",
    "en": "not paid by the date when payment was required"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I finally paid the past-due bill this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上我终于付清了那笔逾期账单。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Financial counselling can help households manage past-due payments and avoid falling further into debt.",
    "zh": "财务咨询可以帮助家庭处理逾期款项，避免债务进一步加重。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "past-due bill｜逾期账单",
   "past-due payment｜逾期款项",
   "past-due account｜欠款逾期的账户"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "overdue"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词前可加连字符；表语通常写作 past due。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "past-due"
 },
 {
  "w": "oval",
  "uk": "/ˈəʊvəl/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊvəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "椭圆形的；卵形的",
    "en": "Having a rounded shape that is longer than it is wide."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "椭圆形；卵形",
    "en": "A rounded shape that is longer than it is wide."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She served the roast vegetables on an oval plate.",
    "zh": "她用一个椭圆形盘子盛烤蔬菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposed park includes an oval pond surrounded by native plants to provide habitats for local wildlife.",
    "zh": "规划中的公园设有一个椭圆形池塘，周围种植本地植物，为当地野生动物提供栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an oval face｜鹅蛋脸",
   "an oval table｜椭圆形桌子",
   "oval in shape｜呈椭圆形"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "elliptical",
   "egg-shaped"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "oval可作形容词或名词；an oval指一个椭圆形。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oval"
 },
 {
  "w": "cure",
  "uk": "/kjʊə/",
  "us": "/kjʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "治愈；治好",
    "en": "to make a disease disappear or someone healthy again"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疗法；治愈方法",
    "en": "a treatment that makes a disease or condition disappear"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor said these tablets could cure the infection.",
    "zh": "医生说这些药片可以治好这种感染。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although medical research has advanced considerably, scientists have not yet found a cure for every disease.",
    "zh": "尽管医学研究已取得显著进展，科学家仍未找到治愈所有疾病的方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cure a disease｜治愈疾病",
   "a cure for｜……的疗法",
   "cure someone of｜治好某人的……病"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "curable (adj.)",
   "incurable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "heal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cure强调治好；treat只表示治疗，不保证痊愈。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cure"
 },
 {
  "w": "pistol",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪstəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪstəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手枪",
    "en": "A small gun designed to be held in one hand."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old pistol was displayed behind thick museum glass.",
    "zh": "那把旧手枪陈列在博物馆的厚玻璃后面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strict pistol storage requirements can reduce accidental injuries and improve safety in local communities.",
    "zh": "严格的手枪存放要求可以减少意外伤害，提高当地社区的安全水平。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "carry a pistol｜携带手枪",
   "a starting pistol｜发令枪",
   "an antique pistol｜古董手枪"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "handgun"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pistol指手枪；rifle通常指步枪。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pistol"
 },
 {
  "w": "jobless",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒɒbləs/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒɑːbləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "失业的；无工作的",
    "en": "Without paid employment, especially when wanting to work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She was jobless for months after the factory closed.",
    "zh": "工厂关闭后，她失业了好几个月。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should offer affordable retraining programmes to help jobless workers adapt to changes in the labour market.",
    "zh": "政府应提供费用可负担的再培训项目，帮助失业者适应劳动力市场的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "jobless workers｜失业工人",
   "the jobless｜失业者群体",
   "jobless rate｜失业率"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "job (n.)",
   "joblessness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unemployed",
   "out of work"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "employed"
  ],
  "tip": "the jobless指失业者群体，作主语时谓语用复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jobless"
 },
 {
  "w": "accounting",
  "uk": "/əˈkaʊntɪŋ/",
  "us": "/əˈkaʊntɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "会计；会计学",
    "en": "The work or study of recording and reporting financial transactions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister studies accounting and helps with our shop's finances.",
    "zh": "我姐姐学会计，也帮忙处理我们店里的财务。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accurate accounting enables businesses to monitor costs, meet legal requirements, and make informed financial decisions.",
    "zh": "准确的会计核算使企业能够监控成本、符合法律要求，并作出有依据的财务决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "accounting software｜会计软件",
   "accounting standards｜会计准则",
   "financial accounting｜财务会计"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "account (n.)",
   "accountant (n.)",
   "accountancy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "accountancy"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示会计工作或学科时不可数；会计师是 accountant。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accounting"
 },
 {
  "w": "extraordinary",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈstrɔːdənəri/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈstrɔːrdəneri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "非凡的；出色的",
    "en": "Much better or more impressive than usual."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "异乎寻常的；奇特的",
    "en": "Very unusual or surprising."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother has an extraordinary memory for people's birthdays.",
    "zh": "我奶奶记别人生日的本领特别出众。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recent advances in medical technology demonstrate the extraordinary potential of cooperation between scientists and engineers.",
    "zh": "医疗技术的最新进展展现了科学家与工程师合作的非凡潜力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "extraordinary achievement｜非凡成就",
   "extraordinary ability｜非凡能力",
   "extraordinary circumstances｜特殊情况"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "extraordinarily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "remarkable",
   "exceptional"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ordinary"
  ],
  "tip": "比very good更强调超出寻常，也可指奇特。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "extraordinary"
 },
 {
  "w": "overtake",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈteɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvərˈteɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "追上并超过；超车",
    "en": "To catch up with and move ahead of someone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "在数量或表现上超过",
    "en": "To become greater or more successful than someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "突然侵袭；压倒",
    "en": "To affect someone suddenly and strongly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We waited for a safe gap to overtake the tractor.",
    "zh": "我们等到有安全空隙时才超过那辆拖拉机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Renewable energy could overtake fossil fuels as the main source of electricity in some countries.",
    "zh": "在一些国家，可再生能源可能超越化石燃料，成为主要电力来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "overtake a vehicle｜超过一辆车",
   "overtake a rival｜超越竞争对手",
   "be overtaken by events｜因局势变化而失去作用"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "pass",
   "outstrip"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fall behind"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式 overtook，过去分词 overtaken。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overtake"
 },
 {
  "w": "somewhat",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌmwɒt/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌmwʌt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "有点；稍微",
    "en": "To a limited degree; rather, but not very."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt somewhat nervous before my first driving lesson.",
    "zh": "第一次上驾驶课之前，我有点紧张。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although online learning offers flexibility, its effectiveness remains somewhat dependent on students' motivation and access to technology.",
    "zh": "尽管在线学习提供了灵活性，其效果仍在一定程度上取决于学生的积极性和技术使用条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "somewhat different｜有些不同",
   "somewhat limited｜有些有限",
   "somewhat concerned｜有些担忧"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "rather",
   "slightly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比a bit正式，常用于缓和判断或语气。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "somewhat"
 },
 {
  "w": "dominant",
  "uk": "/ˈdɒmɪnənt/",
  "us": "/ˈdɑːmənənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "占主导地位的；支配的",
    "en": "More powerful, influential, or noticeable than others."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "显性的",
    "en": "Expressed when at least one copy of a gene is present."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Blue is the dominant colour in our living room.",
    "zh": "蓝色是我们客厅的主色调。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Private cars remain the dominant form of transport in cities with limited investment in public transport.",
    "zh": "在公共交通投入有限的城市，私家车仍是主要交通方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a dominant role｜主导作用",
   "a dominant position｜优势地位",
   "the dominant culture｜主流文化",
   "a dominant gene｜显性基因"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dominate (v.)",
   "dominance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "leading",
   "predominant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "subordinate"
  ],
  "tip": "dominant是形容词；dominate是动词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dominant"
 },
 {
  "w": "moonlight",
  "uk": "/ˈmuːnlaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈmuːnlaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "月光",
    "en": "The light that reaches Earth from the moon."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "兼职；私下兼第二份工作",
    "en": "To do another paid job alongside your main job, often secretly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Moonlight shone through the curtains onto my pillow.",
    "zh": "月光透过窗帘照在我的枕头上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Artificial lighting can obscure natural moonlight, potentially affecting the behaviour of animals that are active at night.",
    "zh": "人工照明可能掩盖自然月光，从而影响夜行动物的行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the moonlight｜在月光下",
   "pale moonlight｜淡淡的月光",
   "moonlight as a waiter｜兼职当服务员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "moon (n.)",
   "moonlit (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "月光是不可数名词；动词常接as表示兼职身份。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "moonlight"
 },
 {
  "w": "entitle",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtaɪtəl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtaɪtəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给予权利或资格",
    "en": "To give someone the right to have or do something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……命名；题名",
    "en": "To give a name to a book, film, or other work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This ticket entitles you to a free lunch.",
    "zh": "凭这张票，你可以免费享用一顿午餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employment laws should entitle all workers to paid leave, regardless of the size of their organisation.",
    "zh": "劳动法应赋予所有劳动者享受带薪休假的权利，无论其所在机构规模大小。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "entitle someone to benefits｜使某人有资格享受福利",
   "be entitled to compensation｜有权获得赔偿",
   "be entitled to vote｜有权投票"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "entitlement (n.)",
   "entitled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "entitle sb to sth或to do sth；常用于被动语态。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "entitle"
 },
 {
  "w": "slip",
  "uk": "/slɪp/",
  "us": "/slɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "滑倒；滑落",
    "en": "To slide accidentally, losing balance or leaving a position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "悄悄移动；迅速塞入",
    "en": "To move or put something somewhere quietly or quickly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小纸片；小错误",
    "en": "A small piece of paper, or a minor mistake."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I slipped on the wet floor but stayed upright.",
    "zh": "我在湿地板上滑了一下，但没有摔倒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hospitals should keep floors dry to reduce the risk of patients slipping and injuring themselves.",
    "zh": "医院应保持地面干燥，以降低病人滑倒受伤的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "slip on ice｜在冰上滑倒",
   "slip into a room｜悄悄进入房间",
   "a slip of paper｜一张小纸条",
   "a slip of the tongue｜口误"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "slippery (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为slipped，双写p。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slip"
 },
 {
  "w": "deepen",
  "uk": "/ˈdiːpən/",
  "us": "/ˈdiːpən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "加深；增强",
    "en": "To become stronger or more complete, or make something so"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变深；挖深",
    "en": "To become physically deeper, or make something deeper"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使声音低沉；变低沉",
    "en": "To become lower in pitch, or make a sound lower"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sharing stories can deepen your friendship with someone.",
    "zh": "分享故事能加深你与他人的友谊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International exchange programmes can deepen students' understanding of other cultures and encourage greater respect for different perspectives.",
    "zh": "国际交流项目能加深学生对其他文化的理解，并促进他们更加尊重不同观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deepen understanding｜加深理解",
   "deepen a crisis｜加剧危机",
   "deepen a channel｜挖深航道",
   "a voice deepens｜声音变低沉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deep (adj.)",
   "deeply (adv.)",
   "depth (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "intensify",
   "strengthen"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "weaken"
  ],
  "tip": "既可及物也可不及物：deepen trust；a crisis deepens。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deepen"
 },
 {
  "w": "infinite",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnfɪnət/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnfɪnət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无限的；无穷的",
    "en": "Having no end or limit"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极大的；无尽的",
    "en": "Extremely great in amount or degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother seems to have infinite patience with children.",
    "zh": "我奶奶对孩子似乎有无尽的耐心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Economic policies should not assume that the planet provides an infinite supply of natural resources.",
    "zh": "经济政策不应假定地球能提供无限的自然资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "infinite possibilities｜无限的可能性",
   "infinite patience｜无尽的耐心",
   "an infinite supply｜无限的供应"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "infinity (n.)",
   "infinitely (adv.)",
   "finite (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "limitless",
   "boundless",
   "endless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "finite",
   "limited"
  ],
  "tip": "通常作形容词；表示“无穷”常用名词infinity。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "infinite"
 },
 {
  "w": "edition",
  "uk": "/ɪˈdɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪˈdɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "版本；版次",
    "en": "A particular version of a book or other published work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "报刊的一期；节目的一期",
    "en": "One particular issue of a newspaper or broadcast programme."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I bought the latest edition of this gardening guide.",
    "zh": "我买了这本园艺指南的最新版。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The revised edition of the textbook includes recent research on renewable energy and sustainable urban development.",
    "zh": "这本教材的修订版收录了关于可再生能源和城市可持续发展的最新研究。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "first edition｜第一版",
   "revised edition｜修订版",
   "limited edition｜限量版",
   "evening edition｜晚间版"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "edit (v.)",
   "editor (n.)",
   "editorial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "version"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "edition指版本或期次；一本实体书通常叫a copy。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "edition"
 },
 {
  "w": "struggle",
  "uk": "/ˈstrʌɡəl/",
  "us": "/ˈstrʌɡəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "艰难地做；努力争取",
    "en": "To try very hard to do something difficult."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挣扎；搏斗",
    "en": "To fight or move forcefully against someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "艰难的努力；斗争",
    "en": "A difficult effort to achieve something or overcome opposition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I struggled to carry the heavy bags up the stairs.",
    "zh": "我费力地把那些沉重的袋子提上楼梯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many young adults struggle to find affordable housing in cities where wages have not kept pace with rents.",
    "zh": "在工资涨幅赶不上房租的城市，许多年轻人很难找到负担得起的住房。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "struggle to do something｜艰难地做某事",
   "struggle with something｜艰难应对某事",
   "struggle for survival｜为生存而奋斗",
   "an uphill struggle｜艰苦的斗争"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "struggling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "strive"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "struggle to do表示做某事很吃力，不保证成功。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "struggle"
 },
 {
  "w": "regional",
  "uk": "/ˈriːdʒənəl/",
  "us": "/ˈriːdʒənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "地区的；区域性的",
    "en": "Relating to a particular area within a country or world."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The market sells regional cheeses made in nearby villages.",
    "zh": "这个市场出售附近村庄制作的地方特色奶酪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regional differences in employment opportunities often encourage young adults to move from rural communities to larger cities.",
    "zh": "就业机会的地区差异往往促使年轻人从农村社区迁往大城市。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "regional development｜区域发展",
   "regional differences｜地区差异",
   "regional economy｜区域经济",
   "regional cooperation｜区域合作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "region (n.)",
   "regionally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "regional范围通常比local大，比national小。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "regional"
 },
 {
  "w": "dependable",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpendəbl/",
  "us": "/dɪˈpendəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可靠的；值得信赖的",
    "en": "able to be trusted to do what is needed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My old bicycle is still dependable in wet weather.",
    "zh": "我的旧自行车在雨天依然很可靠。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Dependable public transport enables workers to reach their workplaces consistently and reduces reliance on private cars.",
    "zh": "可靠的公共交通让劳动者能稳定到岗，并减少对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dependable service｜可靠的服务",
   "dependable colleague｜可靠的同事",
   "dependable source｜可靠的来源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "depend (v.)",
   "dependability (n.)",
   "dependably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reliable",
   "trustworthy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unreliable",
   "undependable"
  ],
  "tip": "dependable是可靠的；dependent是依赖他人的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dependable"
 },
 {
  "w": "inaccurate",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈækjərət/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈækjərət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不准确的；有误的",
    "en": "not completely correct or exact"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The map was inaccurate, so we missed the turning.",
    "zh": "地图不准确，所以我们错过了转弯处。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Inaccurate information online can undermine public trust and lead people to make poorly informed decisions.",
    "zh": "网上的不准确信息可能削弱公众信任，并导致人们在缺乏可靠信息的情况下作出决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inaccurate information｜不准确的信息",
   "inaccurate estimate｜不准确的估计",
   "factually inaccurate｜事实有误的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accurate (adj.)",
   "accuracy (n.)",
   "inaccuracy (n.)",
   "inaccurately (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "incorrect",
   "erroneous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "accurate",
   "correct"
  ],
  "tip": "指信息或测量不准确；不一定意味着故意造假。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inaccurate"
 },
 {
  "w": "fabric",
  "uk": "/ˈfæbrɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈfæbrɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "布料；织物",
    "en": "material made by weaving or knitting fibres"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "基本结构",
    "en": "the connected parts that form a society or organisation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This soft fabric will make a comfortable summer dress.",
    "zh": "这种柔软的布料做夏季连衣裙会很舒服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community centres strengthen the social fabric by bringing together residents from different cultural and economic backgrounds.",
    "zh": "社区中心让不同文化与经济背景的居民聚在一起，从而巩固社会纽带。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cotton fabric｜棉织物",
   "synthetic fabric｜合成纤维织物",
   "the social fabric｜社会结构"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cloth",
   "material"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指布料常不可数；不同种类可用fabrics。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fabric"
 },
 {
  "w": "urgently",
  "uk": "/ˈɜːdʒəntli/",
  "us": "/ˈɝːdʒəntli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "紧急地；迫切地",
    "en": "in a way that requires immediate action or attention"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We urgently need a plumber to fix this leak.",
    "zh": "我们急需一位水管工来修好这处漏水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must urgently address water shortages through improved infrastructure and policies that encourage responsible consumption.",
    "zh": "政府必须通过改善基础设施和鼓励合理用水的政策，紧急应对缺水问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "urgently needed｜急需的",
   "urgently require｜迫切需要",
   "act urgently｜立即采取行动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "urgent (adj.)",
   "urgency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调事情需要立即处理，而不只是动作做得快。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "urgently"
 },
 {
  "w": "oral",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːrəl/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːrəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "口头的；口述的",
    "en": "spoken rather than written"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "口腔的；经口的",
    "en": "relating to the mouth or taken through the mouth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher gave us oral feedback after each presentation.",
    "zh": "每次展示后，老师都会给我们口头反馈。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Oral traditions preserve cultural knowledge in communities where historical events have rarely been recorded in writing.",
    "zh": "在很少用文字记录历史事件的社群中，口述传统保存了文化知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "oral examination｜口试",
   "oral tradition｜口述传统",
   "oral health｜口腔健康",
   "oral medication｜口服药物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "orally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "spoken"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "written"
  ],
  "tip": "oral既指口头的，也指口腔的；oral medication是口服药。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oral"
 },
 {
  "w": "delightful",
  "uk": "/dɪˈlaɪtfəl/",
  "us": "/dɪˈlaɪtfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人愉快的；讨喜的",
    "en": "very pleasant, enjoyable, or charming"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a delightful little café beside the river.",
    "zh": "我们在河边发现了一家令人愉悦的小咖啡馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Well-designed public gardens offer delightful spaces where residents can relax and develop stronger connections with their neighbourhood.",
    "zh": "精心设计的公共花园提供了宜人的空间，让居民放松身心，并与社区建立更紧密的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a delightful experience｜愉快的体验",
   "a delightful surprise｜令人欣喜的意外",
   "a delightful place｜宜人的地方"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "delight (n.)",
   "delight (v.)",
   "delighted (adj.)",
   "delightfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "charming",
   "lovely",
   "enjoyable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unpleasant"
  ],
  "tip": "delightful形容令人愉快；delighted指感到高兴。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "delightful"
 },
 {
  "w": "strip",
  "uk": "/strɪp/",
  "us": "/strɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "条；带状物",
    "en": "A long, narrow piece or area of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "剥去；除去",
    "en": "To remove a covering or layer from something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "剥夺",
    "en": "To take away someone's rights, possessions, or position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cut the paper into strips for our craft project.",
    "zh": "把纸剪成条，用于我们的手工制作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting strips of wildflowers beside farmland can provide habitats for insects and support local biodiversity.",
    "zh": "在农田旁种植带状野花，可以为昆虫提供栖息地，并维护当地生物多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a strip of paper｜一条纸",
   "strip paint｜去除油漆",
   "strip someone of their rights｜剥夺某人的权利"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stripped (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "strip的过去式为stripped；剥夺用strip sb of sth。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strip"
 },
 {
  "w": "subjective",
  "uk": "/səbˈdʒektɪv/",
  "us": "/səbˈdʒektɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "主观的",
    "en": "Based on personal feelings or opinions rather than independent facts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Taste is subjective, so choose whichever colour you prefer.",
    "zh": "审美是主观的，所以选你喜欢的颜色就好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although student feedback is valuable, subjective opinions should not be the sole basis for evaluating teaching quality.",
    "zh": "虽然学生反馈很有价值，但主观意见不应成为评估教学质量的唯一依据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "subjective judgement｜主观判断",
   "subjective experience｜主观体验",
   "highly subjective｜非常主观的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "subjectively (adv.)",
   "subjectivity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "objective"
  ],
  "tip": "subjective强调个人感受；objective强调客观事实。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "subjective"
 },
 {
  "w": "impossibility",
  "uk": "/ɪmˌpɒsəˈbɪləti/",
  "us": "/ɪmˌpɑːsəˈbɪləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不可能性；不可能的事",
    "en": "the state of being impossible, or something that cannot happen"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Carrying this sofa upstairs alone is an impossibility.",
    "zh": "独自把这张沙发搬上楼是不可能的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The impossibility of predicting every natural disaster highlights the importance of resilient infrastructure and emergency planning.",
    "zh": "无法预测每一次自然灾害，这凸显了韧性基础设施和应急规划的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a practical impossibility｜实际上不可能的事",
   "a physical impossibility｜客观条件下不可能的事",
   "the impossibility of doing something｜做某事的不可能性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "impossible (adj.)",
   "impossibly (adv.)",
   "possible (adj.)",
   "possibility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "possibility"
  ],
  "tip": "指不可能性时不可数；指一件不可能的事时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "impossibility"
 },
 {
  "w": "idle",
  "uk": "/ˈaɪdəl/",
  "us": "/ˈaɪdəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "闲置的；未运转的",
    "en": "Not being used or doing any work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "懒散的；无所事事的",
    "en": "Avoiding work or spending time doing nothing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发动机空转",
    "en": "For an engine to run while the vehicle remains still."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sewing machine has sat idle since last winter.",
    "zh": "这台缝纫机从去年冬天起就一直闲置着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Leaving delivery vehicles idling outside schools contributes to air pollution and exposes children to unnecessary health risks.",
    "zh": "让送货车辆在学校外空转会加重空气污染，使儿童面临不必要的健康风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stand idle｜闲置着",
   "idle machinery｜闲置的机器",
   "an idling engine｜空转的发动机",
   "idle gossip｜无聊的闲言碎语"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "idleness (n.)",
   "idly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inactive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "active",
   "busy"
  ],
  "tip": "idle可指人闲着、设备闲置，也可指发动机空转。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "idle"
 },
 {
  "w": "institution",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "机构；院校",
    "en": "An established organisation serving an educational, financial, or public purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "制度；惯例",
    "en": "An established custom or system within a society."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister works at a respected institution near home.",
    "zh": "我姐姐在家附近一家备受尊重的机构工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every educational institution should provide accessible facilities and appropriate support for students with disabilities.",
    "zh": "每所教育机构都应提供无障碍设施，并为残障学生提供适当支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "educational institution｜教育机构",
   "financial institution｜金融机构",
   "the institution of marriage｜婚姻制度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "institutional (adj.)",
   "institutionalise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指具体机构，也可指婚姻等社会制度。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "institution"
 },
 {
  "w": "basin",
  "uk": "/ˈbeɪsən/",
  "us": "/ˈbeɪsən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洗脸盆；盆",
    "en": "A wide, open container for water or washing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "流域",
    "en": "The land drained by a river and its smaller rivers."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盆地",
    "en": "A broad area of low land surrounded by higher ground."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She filled the basin with water to wash her face.",
    "zh": "她往盆里倒满水，准备洗脸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Agricultural expansion across the river basin has increased pressure on freshwater supplies and damaged natural habitats.",
    "zh": "整个流域内的农业扩张加大了淡水供应压力，并破坏了自然栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wash basin｜洗脸盆",
   "river basin｜河流流域",
   "drainage basin｜集水区"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "river basin指整个流域，不只是河道。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "basin"
 },
 {
  "w": "vertical",
  "uk": "/ˈvɜːtɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈvɝːtɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "垂直的；竖直的",
    "en": "pointing straight up or down, perpendicular to a horizontal surface"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "垂直线；竖直位置",
    "en": "a vertical line, direction, or position"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The curtains have vertical stripes that make the room look taller.",
    "zh": "窗帘上的竖条纹让房间显得更高。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Vertical farming could help cities produce fresh vegetables locally while using less land than conventional agricultural methods.",
    "zh": "垂直农业可以帮助城市就地生产新鲜蔬菜，同时比传统农业方式占用更少的土地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a vertical line｜垂直线",
   "vertical stripes｜竖条纹",
   "vertical farming｜垂直农业",
   "a vertical axis｜纵轴"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vertically (adv.)",
   "verticality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "upright"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "horizontal"
  ],
  "tip": "vertical指竖直方向；horizontal指水平方向。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vertical"
 },
 {
  "w": "eastward",
  "uk": "/ˈiːstwəd/",
  "us": "/ˈiːstwərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向东；朝东",
    "en": "Towards the east."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "向东的；朝东的",
    "en": "Moving, facing, or directed towards the east."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We drove eastward until the morning sun warmed our faces.",
    "zh": "我们开车向东行驶，直到晨光暖暖地照在脸上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The city's eastward expansion has increased demand for public transport and placed pressure on surrounding farmland.",
    "zh": "这座城市向东扩张，增加了公共交通需求，也给周边农田带来了压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "move eastward｜向东移动",
   "travel eastward｜向东行进",
   "eastward expansion｜向东扩张"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "east (n.)",
   "eastern (adj.)",
   "eastwards (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "eastwards"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "westward"
  ],
  "tip": "eastwards也可作副词；作形容词用eastward。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eastward"
 },
 {
  "w": "commerce",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmɜːs/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "商业；贸易",
    "en": "The activity of buying and selling goods and services."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new bridge has brought more commerce to town.",
    "zh": "这座新桥给镇上带来了更多商贸活动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online commerce enables small businesses to reach international customers without opening physical shops abroad.",
    "zh": "网上贸易让小企业无需在海外开设实体店，也能接触国际客户。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "international commerce｜国际贸易",
   "electronic commerce｜电子商务",
   "chamber of commerce｜商会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "commercial (adj.)",
   "commercially (adv.)",
   "commercialise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "trade",
   "business"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "commerce通常不可数，侧重商品和服务的买卖活动。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commerce"
 },
 {
  "w": "appoint",
  "uk": "/əˈpɔɪnt/",
  "us": "/əˈpɔɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "任命；委派",
    "en": "to officially choose someone for a job or responsibility"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "指定；约定",
    "en": "to officially decide a time or place for something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The club appointed my sister as its new captain.",
    "zh": "俱乐部任命我姐姐为新队长。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should appoint qualified counsellors to help students manage stress and make informed career choices.",
    "zh": "学校应聘任合格的辅导员，帮助学生应对压力并作出明智的职业选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "appoint someone as｜任命某人为",
   "appoint a committee｜任命委员会成员",
   "at the appointed time｜在约定的时间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "appointment (n.)",
   "appointee (n.)",
   "appointed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "任命某人可用appoint sb as或appoint sb to职位。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "appoint"
 },
 {
  "w": "audio-visual",
  "uk": "/ˌɔːdiəʊ ˈvɪʒuəl/",
  "us": "/ˌɔːdioʊ ˈvɪʒuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "视听的",
    "en": "Using both sound and images to communicate information"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We tested the audio-visual equipment before the film started.",
    "zh": "电影开始前，我们测试了视听设备。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Audio-visual materials can support language learning by connecting spoken words with meaningful images and situations.",
    "zh": "视听材料将口语词句与有意义的图像和情境联系起来，有助于语言学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "audio-visual equipment｜视听设备",
   "audio-visual aids｜视听教具",
   "audio-visual materials｜视听材料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "audio (adj.)",
   "visual (adj.)",
   "visually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "也写作audiovisual，常缩写为AV。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "audio-visual"
 },
 {
  "w": "overlook",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈlʊk/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvərˈlʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "忽略；未注意到",
    "en": "To fail to notice or consider something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "俯瞰；面向",
    "en": "To have a view of somewhere from above."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "宽容；不追究",
    "en": "To deliberately ignore a mistake or fault."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I overlooked a small crack in the bowl.",
    "zh": "我没注意到碗上有一道小裂纹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planners sometimes overlook the needs of older residents when designing new public transport systems.",
    "zh": "城市规划者在设计新的公共交通系统时，有时会忽略老年居民的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "overlook a detail｜忽略细节",
   "overlook the fact that｜忽略这一事实",
   "overlook the sea｜俯瞰大海",
   "overlook a mistake｜不追究错误"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "overlook可指忽略或俯瞰；不要与监督的oversee混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overlook"
 },
 {
  "w": "exhaust",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzɔːst/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzɔːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使精疲力竭",
    "en": "To make someone extremely tired."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "耗尽；用完",
    "en": "To use all of something, leaving none remaining."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "废气；排气管",
    "en": "Waste gases from an engine, or the pipe releasing them."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Carrying those heavy boxes upstairs completely exhausted me.",
    "zh": "把那些沉重的箱子搬上楼让我筋疲力尽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Intensive farming can exhaust soil nutrients, reducing agricultural productivity and increasing dependence on artificial fertilisers.",
    "zh": "集约化耕作可能耗尽土壤养分，降低农业生产力，并增加对化肥的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exhaust natural resources｜耗尽自然资源",
   "exhaust all possibilities｜尝试所有可能的办法",
   "exhaust fumes｜废气",
   "an exhaust pipe｜排气管"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exhausted (adj.)",
   "exhausting (adj.)",
   "exhaustion (n.)",
   "exhaustive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "exhausted 指人累极了；exhausting 指事物令人疲惫。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exhaust"
 },
 {
  "w": "catalogue",
  "uk": "/ˈkætəlɒɡ/",
  "us": "/ˈkætəlɔːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "目录；商品目录册",
    "en": "An organised list of items, often with descriptions or pictures"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "编入目录；分类记录",
    "en": "Make an organised record of items and their details"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一连串坏事",
    "en": "A series of unpleasant events or failures"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I found the perfect desk in a furniture catalogue.",
    "zh": "我在一本家具目录册里找到了理想的书桌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A digital catalogue enables researchers to locate historical documents without visiting the archive in person.",
    "zh": "数字目录让研究人员无须亲自前往档案馆就能查找历史文献。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "library catalogue｜图书馆目录",
   "product catalogue｜产品目录",
   "catalogue a collection｜为藏品编目",
   "a catalogue of errors｜一连串错误"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cataloguing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写catalogue；美式常写catalog。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "catalogue"
 },
 {
  "w": "childish",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃaɪldɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃaɪldɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "幼稚的；不成熟的",
    "en": "Behaving immaturely in a way unsuitable for an adult."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "孩子的；孩子气的",
    "en": "Typical of or connected with children."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Hiding my shoes was a childish thing to do.",
    "zh": "把我的鞋藏起来，这种做法很幼稚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Dismissing young people's concerns as childish can discourage them from participating in discussions about their communities.",
    "zh": "将年轻人的关切斥为幼稚，可能会使他们不愿参与有关社区事务的讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "childish behaviour｜幼稚的行为",
   "childish argument｜幼稚的争论",
   "childish delight｜孩子般的喜悦"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "child (n.)",
   "childhood (n.)",
   "childishly (adv.)",
   "childishness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "immature"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "mature"
  ],
  "tip": "childish 常含贬义；childlike 多指天真无邪。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "childish"
 },
 {
  "w": "hedge",
  "uk": "/hedʒ/",
  "us": "/hedʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "树篱",
    "en": "a row of closely planted bushes forming a boundary"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "防范损失的手段",
    "en": "something that reduces the risk of financial loss"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "回避明确表态；含糊其辞",
    "en": "to avoid giving a clear or definite answer"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A thick hedge separates our garden from the pavement.",
    "zh": "一道茂密的树篱将我们的花园与人行道隔开。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some investors purchase gold as a hedge against inflation, although its value can also fluctuate.",
    "zh": "一些投资者购买黄金以防范通货膨胀，尽管黄金的价值也可能波动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "trim a hedge｜修剪树篱",
   "a hedge against inflation｜对冲通胀的手段",
   "hedge your bets｜多方下注以分散风险"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hedging (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "金融义常用 a hedge against，表示防范某种风险。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hedge"
 },
 {
  "w": "pickpocket",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪkpɒkɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪkpɑːkɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "扒手",
    "en": "Someone who steals from people's pockets or bags in public."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A pickpocket took her wallet on the crowded bus.",
    "zh": "一名扒手在拥挤的公交车上偷走了她的钱包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourists can reduce their risk of encountering pickpockets by keeping valuables secure in crowded public spaces.",
    "zh": "游客在人群密集的公共场所妥善保管贵重物品，可以降低遭扒窃的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "watch out for pickpockets｜提防扒手",
   "a gang of pickpockets｜一伙扒手",
   "catch a pickpocket｜抓住扒手"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pickpocketing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thief"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "特指从衣袋或随身包里偷东西的人，比thief具体。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pickpocket"
 },
 {
  "w": "outskirts",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊtskɜːts/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊtskɜːrts/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "市郊；城镇边缘",
    "en": "the areas around the outer edge of a town or city"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their new house is on the outskirts of town.",
    "zh": "他们的新房子在镇子边上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building affordable homes on the outskirts may reduce housing costs but increase residents' dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "在市郊建设可负担住房可能降低住房成本，却会增加居民对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on the outskirts of｜在……的边缘地带",
   "the outskirts of town｜城镇郊区",
   "the northern outskirts｜北郊"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "centre"
  ],
  "tip": "固定用复数，常说on the outskirts of a city。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outskirts"
 },
 {
  "w": "disturbing",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstɜːbɪŋ/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstɜːrbɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人不安的",
    "en": "Making someone feel worried, upset, or uncomfortable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We heard some disturbing news about the nearby forest.",
    "zh": "我们听到了一些有关附近森林的令人不安的消息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The survey revealed a disturbing increase in the number of young people experiencing severe stress.",
    "zh": "调查显示，承受严重压力的年轻人数量出现了令人担忧的增长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disturbing news｜令人不安的消息",
   "a disturbing trend｜令人担忧的趋势",
   "deeply disturbing｜极其令人不安的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disturb (v.)",
   "disturbed (adj.)",
   "disturbance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unsettling",
   "worrying",
   "troubling"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reassuring"
  ],
  "tip": "disturbing指事物令人不安；disturbed指人感到不安。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disturbing"
 },
 {
  "w": "organ",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːɡən/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːrɡən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "器官",
    "en": "A body part that performs a particular function."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "管风琴；风琴",
    "en": "A keyboard instrument producing sound through pipes or electronic equipment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The heart is an organ that pumps blood.",
    "zh": "心脏是输送血液的器官。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public awareness campaigns can encourage organ donation and help reduce waiting times for patients needing transplants.",
    "zh": "公众宣传活动能够鼓励器官捐献，帮助缩短需要移植的患者的等待时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "internal organs｜内脏器官",
   "organ donation｜器官捐献",
   "organ transplant｜器官移植",
   "play the organ｜弹风琴"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "organ指器官；organism指完整的生物体。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "organ"
 },
 {
  "w": "symphony",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪmfəni/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪmfəni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "交响曲",
    "en": "a long orchestral composition, usually divided into several movements"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We listened to a symphony while cooking dinner.",
    "zh": "我们做晚饭时听了一首交响曲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Performing a symphony requires close cooperation among musicians, demonstrating the importance of teamwork in the arts.",
    "zh": "演奏交响曲需要音乐家之间密切合作，体现了团队协作在艺术中的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "compose a symphony｜创作交响曲",
   "perform a symphony｜演奏交响曲",
   "symphony orchestra｜交响乐团"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "symphonic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "symphony指交响曲；交响乐团用symphony orchestra。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "symphony"
 },
 {
  "w": "defect",
  "uk": "/ˈdiːfekt/",
  "us": "/ˈdiːfekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缺陷；瑕疵",
    "en": "A fault that makes something imperfect or unable to work properly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "叛离；投奔另一方",
    "en": "To leave a country or group and join an opposing one."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small defect in the kettle caused it to leak.",
    "zh": "水壶上的一处小缺陷导致它漏水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Manufacturers should identify any design defect before a product reaches consumers, particularly when safety is at risk.",
    "zh": "制造商应在产品到达消费者手中前发现设计缺陷，尤其是在涉及安全风险时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a design defect｜设计缺陷",
   "a manufacturing defect｜制造缺陷",
   "a birth defect｜先天缺陷",
   "defect to the opposition｜转投反对派"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "defective (adj.)",
   "defection (n.)",
   "defector (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "flaw",
   "fault"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在前；动词读/dɪˈfekt/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "defect"
 },
 {
  "w": "variation",
  "uk": "/ˌveəriˈeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌveriˈeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "变化；差异",
    "en": "A difference or change in amount, level, form, or quality."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "变体；变种",
    "en": "A version of something that differs from its usual form."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This soup is a spicy variation on my grandmother's recipe.",
    "zh": "这道汤是在我祖母的食谱基础上改成的辣味版本。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Seasonal variation in rainfall can significantly affect agricultural productivity, particularly in regions with limited irrigation infrastructure.",
    "zh": "降雨量的季节性变化会显著影响农业生产力，尤其是在灌溉设施有限的地区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "seasonal variation｜季节性变化",
   "variation in temperature｜温度变化",
   "genetic variation｜遗传变异",
   "a variation on a theme｜同一主题的变体"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vary (v.)",
   "variable (adj.)",
   "variety (n.)",
   "varied (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "difference",
   "fluctuation"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uniformity"
  ],
  "tip": "variation in指某方面的差异；variation on指变体。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "variation"
 },
 {
  "w": "honour",
  "uk": "/ˈɒnə/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "荣誉；尊敬；荣幸",
    "en": "Great respect, or something that brings pride and privilege."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "尊敬；表彰",
    "en": "To show deep respect or publicly recognize someone's achievements."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "履行承诺；遵守协议",
    "en": "To do what a promise or agreement requires."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was an honour to represent my local team.",
    "zh": "能代表本地球队出场，我感到很荣幸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies must honour their commitments to workers if they hope to maintain trust and reduce staff turnover.",
    "zh": "企业若想维持信任并减少员工流失，就必须履行对员工的承诺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a great honour｜莫大的荣幸",
   "in honour of｜为纪念；向……致敬",
   "honour a commitment｜履行承诺",
   "a guest of honour｜贵宾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "honourable (adj.)",
   "honoured (adj.)",
   "dishonour (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "respect",
   "esteem"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dishonour"
  ],
  "tip": "英式honour，美式honor；h不发音，用an。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "honour"
 },
 {
  "w": "deny",
  "uk": "/dɪˈnaɪ/",
  "us": "/dɪˈnaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "否认",
    "en": "Say that something is not true or did not happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拒绝给予；不准",
    "en": "Refuse to give or allow someone something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She denied eating the last piece of cake.",
    "zh": "她否认吃了最后一块蛋糕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "No child should be denied access to education because their family cannot afford school fees.",
    "zh": "任何孩子都不应因为家庭付不起学费而被剥夺受教育的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deny doing something｜否认做过某事",
   "deny an allegation｜否认指控",
   "deny access to｜不准使用或进入"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "denial (n.)",
   "deniable (adj.)",
   "undeniable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "admit"
  ],
  "tip": "否认做某事用 deny doing，不用 deny to do。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deny"
 },
 {
  "w": "bond",
  "uk": "/bɒnd/",
  "us": "/bɑːnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纽带；亲密关系",
    "en": "a close connection between people or groups"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "债券",
    "en": "an investment representing a loan with promised repayment and interest"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "建立亲密关系；黏合",
    "en": "to develop a close relationship or join things firmly together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Caring for the puppy strengthened the bond between the sisters.",
    "zh": "照顾小狗加深了姐妹之间的感情。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments often issue bonds to finance major infrastructure projects without immediately increasing taxes on households.",
    "zh": "政府经常发行债券，为大型基础设施项目筹资，而不立即提高家庭税负。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a strong bond｜牢固的纽带",
   "form a bond｜建立亲密关系",
   "government bonds｜政府债券",
   "bond with｜与……建立亲密关系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bonding (n.)",
   "bonded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bond with sb指增进感情；issue bonds指发行债券。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bond"
 },
 {
  "w": "globe",
  "uk": "/ɡləʊb/",
  "us": "/ɡloʊb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地球仪",
    "en": "A ball-shaped model of Earth showing its land and oceans."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地球；世界",
    "en": "The Earth, especially when considering all its regions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "球体；球状物",
    "en": "An object shaped like a ball."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She spun the globe and pointed to a tiny island.",
    "zh": "她转动地球仪，指向一座小岛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers across the globe are sharing climate data to improve predictions of extreme weather events.",
    "zh": "世界各地的研究人员正在共享气候数据，以提高对极端天气事件的预测能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "across the globe｜遍及全球",
   "around the globe｜世界各地",
   "a glass globe｜玻璃球"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "global (adj.)",
   "globally (adv.)",
   "globalisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "world",
   "sphere"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a globe常指地球仪；the globe常指整个世界。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "globe"
 },
 {
  "w": "constantly",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnstəntli/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnstəntli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "不断地；频繁地",
    "en": "All the time, or repeatedly with very little interruption."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My phone constantly buzzes while I am cooking dinner.",
    "zh": "我做晚饭时，手机不停地振动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Workers must constantly update their skills to remain competitive in a rapidly changing labour market.",
    "zh": "劳动者必须不断更新技能，才能在快速变化的劳动力市场中保持竞争力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "constantly changing｜不断变化的",
   "constantly monitor｜持续监测",
   "constantly remind｜反复提醒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "constant (adj.)",
   "constancy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "continually",
   "incessantly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rarely"
  ],
  "tip": "比often语气强，强调不停或反复发生。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "constantly"
 },
 {
  "w": "habitat",
  "uk": "/ˈhæbɪtæt/",
  "us": "/ˈhæbɪtæt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "栖息地；生存环境",
    "en": "the natural environment where an animal or plant lives"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This pond provides a perfect habitat for frogs.",
    "zh": "这个池塘为青蛙提供了理想的栖息地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban expansion destroys natural habitats, making it harder for native species to find food and shelter.",
    "zh": "城市扩张破坏了自然栖息地，使本地物种更难找到食物和庇护所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "natural habitat｜自然栖息地",
   "habitat loss｜栖息地丧失",
   "habitat destruction｜栖息地破坏",
   "protect habitats｜保护栖息地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "habit 是习惯，habitat 是动植物的栖息地。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "habitat"
 },
 {
  "w": "assessment",
  "uk": "/əˈsesmənt/",
  "us": "/əˈsesmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "评估；评价",
    "en": "A judgement about something based on careful examination."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学习考核",
    "en": "A task or process used to measure a learner's progress."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic's assessment was that the brakes needed replacing.",
    "zh": "修理工的判断是刹车需要更换。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Continuous assessment can provide a broader picture of student progress than a single final examination.",
    "zh": "与单次期末考试相比，持续性考核能够更全面地反映学生的进步。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "risk assessment｜风险评估",
   "continuous assessment｜持续性考核",
   "carry out an assessment｜进行评估"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assess (v.)",
   "assessor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "evaluation",
   "appraisal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "评估某事用assessment of；动词形式是assess。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assessment"
 },
 {
  "w": "loop",
  "uk": "/luːp/",
  "us": "/luːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "环；圈；环形线路",
    "en": "a curved shape or route that returns to its starting point"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "绕成圈；使循环",
    "en": "to form a loop or repeat something continuously"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "循环",
    "en": "a sequence of actions or instructions that repeats"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She made a loop in the rope for hanging plants.",
    "zh": "她把绳子打成一个圈，用来悬挂盆栽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A bus route forming a loop can connect residential areas with schools and local health centres.",
    "zh": "环形公交线路可以将住宅区与学校和当地医疗中心连接起来。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a loop of rope｜一个绳圈",
   "on a loop｜循环播放",
   "feedback loop｜反馈循环",
   "loop around｜绕着转"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on a loop指不断重复，如音乐循环播放。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "loop"
 },
 {
  "w": "disgrace",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈɡreɪs/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈɡreɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "耻辱；丢脸",
    "en": "loss of respect caused by unacceptable behaviour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可耻的人或事",
    "en": "a person or thing deserving strong disapproval"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使蒙羞",
    "en": "to cause someone or something to lose respect"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The captain left in disgrace after cheating during the match.",
    "zh": "队长在比赛中作弊后，蒙羞离开了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Officials who misuse public funds bring disgrace on their institutions and weaken public trust in government.",
    "zh": "滥用公款的官员使其所在机构蒙羞，并削弱公众对政府的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in disgrace｜蒙羞地",
   "bring disgrace on｜使……蒙羞",
   "a disgrace to｜给……丢脸的人或事",
   "disgrace yourself｜使自己丢脸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disgraceful (adj.)",
   "disgracefully (adv.)",
   "disgraced (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dishonour",
   "shame"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "honour"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指耻辱时不可数；a disgrace指可耻的人或事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disgrace"
 },
 {
  "w": "sue",
  "uk": "/suː/",
  "us": "/suː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "起诉；提起诉讼",
    "en": "To take legal action against someone, usually seeking compensation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbour plans to sue the builder over faulty repairs.",
    "zh": "我们的邻居打算因维修质量问题起诉那名建筑工人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers should have the right to sue companies that knowingly sell unsafe products or conceal serious defects.",
    "zh": "消费者应有权起诉明知产品不安全仍销售，或隐瞒严重缺陷的公司。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sue for damages｜起诉要求损害赔偿",
   "sue a company｜起诉公司",
   "sue for negligence｜因过失提起诉讼"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sue someone for something：因某事起诉某人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sue"
 },
 {
  "w": "electronics",
  "uk": "/ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪks/",
  "us": "/ɪˌlekˈtrɑːnɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电子学；电子技术",
    "en": "the study and use of electronic circuits and devices"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电子设备",
    "en": "devices that operate using electronic circuits"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister studies electronics and repairs radios at home.",
    "zh": "姐姐学习电子技术，在家修理收音机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in electronics have enabled hospitals to monitor patients more accurately and provide faster treatment.",
    "zh": "电子技术的进步使医院能够更准确地监测患者状况，并更快地提供治疗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "consumer electronics｜消费类电子产品",
   "electronics industry｜电子工业",
   "study electronics｜学习电子学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "electronic (adj.)",
   "electronically (adv.)",
   "electron (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指电子学时虽以s结尾，谓语仍用单数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "electronics"
 },
 {
  "w": "conduct",
  "uk": "/kənˈdʌkt/",
  "us": "/kənˈdʌkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "组织；实施；进行",
    "en": "to organize and carry out an activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "传导热或电",
    "en": "to allow heat or electricity to pass through"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行为；举止",
    "en": "the way a person behaves, especially towards others"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher conducted a quick survey about favourite snacks.",
    "zh": "老师就大家最喜欢的零食做了一次简短调查。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should conduct thorough trials before recommending new treatments for widespread use in public hospitals.",
    "zh": "研究人员在建议公立医院广泛采用新疗法之前，应开展充分的试验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conduct research｜开展研究",
   "conduct a survey｜进行调查",
   "conduct electricity｜导电",
   "code of conduct｜行为准则"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conductor (n.)",
   "conductive (adj.)",
   "conductivity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词重音在后；名词重音在前，英音/ˈkɒndʌkt/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conduct"
 },
 {
  "w": "newly",
  "uk": "/ˈnjuːli/",
  "us": "/ˈnuːli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "新近；最近",
    "en": "Recently, especially when describing something just done or begun."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We ate lunch in the newly opened corner café.",
    "zh": "我们在街角新开的咖啡馆吃了午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Newly qualified teachers often need additional support to manage diverse classrooms effectively during their first year.",
    "zh": "新取得资格的教师在第一年通常需要额外支持，才能有效管理学生背景多样的课堂。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "newly built｜新建的",
   "newly qualified｜刚取得资格的",
   "newly elected｜新当选的",
   "newly discovered｜新发现的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "new (adj.)",
   "newness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "recently"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常放在过去分词前，如newly built，表示新近完成。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "newly"
 },
 {
  "w": "certainty",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːtnti/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːtnti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "确信；确定性",
    "en": "The state of being completely sure about something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "必然发生的事；确定的事",
    "en": "Something that is definitely true or sure to happen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I cannot say with certainty where I left my keys.",
    "zh": "我说不准把钥匙放在哪里了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although climate models continue to improve, scientists cannot predict every regional change with absolute certainty.",
    "zh": "尽管气候模型不断改进，科学家仍无法完全确定地预测每一项区域变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "with certainty｜确定地",
   "absolute certainty｜绝对确定",
   "a degree of certainty｜一定程度的把握"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "certain (adj.)",
   "certainly (adv.)",
   "uncertain (adj.)",
   "uncertainty (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assurance",
   "sureness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uncertainty",
   "doubt"
  ],
  "tip": "表确信通常不可数；a certainty指确定的事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "certainty"
 },
 {
  "w": "damn",
  "uk": "/dæm/",
  "us": "/dæm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "严厉谴责；强烈批评",
    "en": "To criticize someone or something very strongly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "int.",
    "zh": "该死；可恶",
    "en": "An expression of anger, frustration, or disappointment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可恶的；讨厌的",
    "en": "Used to emphasize annoyance about something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The critics damned the play for its weak ending.",
    "zh": "评论家们因这部剧结尾乏力而对其大加批评。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Campaigners damned the proposal because it offered little protection for wildlife threatened by further industrial development.",
    "zh": "倡议者严厉批评了该提案，因为它几乎没有保护受到进一步工业开发威胁的野生动物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "damn with faint praise｜用敷衍的赞扬暗贬",
   "damn it｜真该死",
   "a damn nuisance｜真讨厌的麻烦事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "damning (adj.)",
   "damned (adj.)",
   "damnation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "condemn",
   "denounce"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "praise"
  ],
  "tip": "带轻度粗俗色彩；正式写作宜用 condemn。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "感叹词及强调用法含轻度冒犯性，正式场合慎用。",
  "id": "damn"
 },
 {
  "w": "counsellor",
  "uk": "/ˈkaʊnsələ/",
  "us": "/ˈkaʊnsələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "心理咨询师；辅导员",
    "en": "Someone trained to help people discuss and manage personal problems."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "顾问",
    "en": "Someone who gives professional advice on a particular subject."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The school counsellor helped me talk about my worries.",
    "zh": "学校辅导员帮助我说出了自己的烦恼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to a trained counsellor can help university students manage stress and adjust to independent living.",
    "zh": "获得专业咨询师的帮助，能让大学生更好地应对压力并适应独立生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a school counsellor｜学校辅导员",
   "a marriage counsellor｜婚姻咨询师",
   "a careers counsellor｜职业顾问"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "counsel (v.)",
   "counselling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adviser"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式counsellor，美式counselor；勿混councillor议员。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "counsellor"
 },
 {
  "w": "marine",
  "uk": "/məˈriːn/",
  "us": "/məˈriːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "海洋的；海生的",
    "en": "Relating to the sea or organisms living in it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "海运的；船舶的",
    "en": "Relating to ships and transport by sea"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海军陆战队员",
    "en": "A soldier trained to serve on land and at sea"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a documentary about marine life last night.",
    "zh": "我们昨晚看了一部关于海洋生物的纪录片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Plastic pollution threatens marine ecosystems and reduces the income of communities that depend on fishing.",
    "zh": "塑料污染威胁海洋生态系统，并减少依靠捕鱼为生的社区的收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "marine life｜海洋生物",
   "marine ecosystem｜海洋生态系统",
   "marine pollution｜海洋污染",
   "marine transport｜海上运输"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "marine侧重海洋；海军的通常用naval。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "marine"
 },
 {
  "w": "remedy",
  "uk": "/ˈremədi/",
  "us": "/ˈremədi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疗法；药物",
    "en": "A treatment or medicine used to relieve an illness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "解决办法；补救措施",
    "en": "A way of correcting a problem or improving a situation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "补救；纠正",
    "en": "To correct a problem or improve an unsatisfactory situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Warm lemon water is her favourite remedy for colds.",
    "zh": "温柠檬水是她最喜欢的缓解感冒的方法。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving access to affordable training could help remedy the shortage of skilled workers in rural areas.",
    "zh": "让更多人获得负担得起的培训，有助于缓解农村地区技术工人短缺的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "home remedy｜家庭疗法",
   "a remedy for｜针对……的疗法或办法",
   "remedy a problem｜纠正问题",
   "remedy the situation｜改善局面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "remedial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词常接for；动词直接接问题，不加for。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "remedy"
 },
 {
  "w": "recognition",
  "uk": "/ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "认出；识别",
    "en": "The act of identifying someone or something encountered before."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "认可；赞赏",
    "en": "Public appreciation of someone's achievements or value."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "承认；正式认可",
    "en": "Acceptance that something exists, is true, or has official status."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His face lit up with recognition when I waved.",
    "zh": "我挥手时，他认出了我，脸上顿时露出喜色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Greater recognition of unpaid care work could lead to fairer social policies and stronger support for families.",
    "zh": "更加认可无偿照护工作的价值，可以推动更公平的社会政策，并加强对家庭的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "facial recognition｜人脸识别",
   "gain recognition｜获得认可",
   "in recognition of｜为表彰；为肯定",
   "official recognition｜正式承认"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recognise (v.)",
   "recognisable (adj.)",
   "recognised (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；in recognition of常用于表彰贡献。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recognition"
 },
 {
  "w": "additional",
  "uk": "/əˈdɪʃənəl/",
  "us": "/əˈdɪʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "额外的；附加的",
    "en": "Added to what already exists or is available."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We need an additional chair for our guest tonight.",
    "zh": "今晚有客人来，我们需要再加一把椅子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should provide additional financial support for students who cannot afford essential learning materials.",
    "zh": "大学应为无力购买必要学习资料的学生提供额外的经济支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "additional costs｜额外费用",
   "additional information｜补充信息",
   "additional support｜额外支持",
   "an additional charge｜附加费用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "add (v.)",
   "addition (n.)",
   "additionally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "extra",
   "further"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常放在名词前；additional costs指额外费用。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "additional"
 },
 {
  "w": "cooperating",
  "uk": "/kəʊˈɒpəreɪtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/koʊˈɑːpəreɪtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "合作；配合",
    "en": "working together or helping by doing what is requested"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The neighbours are cooperating to repair the shared fence.",
    "zh": "邻居们正合作修理共用的围栏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "By cooperating on clean energy research, countries can reduce costs and accelerate the development of sustainable technologies.",
    "zh": "各国通过合作开展清洁能源研究，可以降低成本并加快可持续技术的发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cooperating with colleagues｜与同事合作",
   "cooperating on research｜合作开展研究",
   "cooperating closely｜密切合作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cooperate (v.)",
   "cooperation (n.)",
   "cooperative (adj.)",
   "cooperatively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "collaborating"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cooperate的-ing形式；与某人合作用with。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cooperating"
 },
 {
  "w": "overdose",
  "uk": "/ˈəʊvədəʊs/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊvərdoʊs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "药物过量",
    "en": "an amount of a drug taken that exceeds safe limits"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "过量服药",
    "en": "to take a dangerously large amount of a drug"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pharmacist explained how to avoid an accidental overdose.",
    "zh": "药剂师解释了如何避免意外服药过量。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear packaging and professional advice can reduce the risk of accidental overdose among patients taking several medicines.",
    "zh": "清晰的包装说明和专业建议可以降低同时服用多种药物的患者意外用药过量的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an accidental overdose｜意外用药过量",
   "a drug overdose｜药物过量",
   "overdose on medication｜过量服用药物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dose (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词用 overdose on sth；名词用 an overdose of sth。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overdose"
 },
 {
  "w": "affordable",
  "uk": "/əˈfɔːdəbl/",
  "us": "/əˈfɔːrdəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "负担得起的",
    "en": "Not too expensive for someone to pay for."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small flat is affordable on my current salary.",
    "zh": "以我目前的工资，租得起这套小公寓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should provide affordable housing so that essential workers can live close to their workplaces.",
    "zh": "政府应提供可负担的住房，让必要服务岗位的工作人员能住在工作地点附近。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "affordable housing｜可负担的住房",
   "affordable prices｜可承受的价格",
   "affordable healthcare｜负担得起的医疗服务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "afford (v.)",
   "affordability (n.)",
   "unaffordable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reasonably priced"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unaffordable"
  ],
  "tip": "强调价格在承受范围内，不一定意味着绝对便宜。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "affordable"
 },
 {
  "w": "layout",
  "uk": "/ˈleɪaʊt/",
  "us": "/ˈleɪaʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "布局；版面设计",
    "en": "the way parts of a space or page are arranged"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We changed the kitchen layout to create more space.",
    "zh": "我们调整了厨房布局，腾出了更多空间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A clear website layout helps users find essential information quickly and improves access to public services.",
    "zh": "清晰的网站布局有助于用户快速找到关键信息，并更方便地使用公共服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "page layout｜页面布局",
   "room layout｜房间布局",
   "an open-plan layout｜开放式布局"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lay out (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "arrangement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词layout写成一词；动词lay out分开写。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "layout"
 },
 {
  "w": "slight",
  "uk": "/slaɪt/",
  "us": "/slaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "轻微的；少量的",
    "en": "small in amount, degree, or importance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "纤瘦的",
    "en": "thin and delicately built"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "怠慢；轻视",
    "en": "to insult someone by ignoring them or showing little respect"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a slight scratch on my new phone.",
    "zh": "我的新手机上有一道轻微的划痕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even a slight increase in average temperatures can have significant consequences for fragile ecosystems worldwide.",
    "zh": "即使平均气温仅略微上升，也可能给全球脆弱的生态系统带来重大影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a slight increase｜小幅增长",
   "a slight difference｜细微差别",
   "a slight delay｜短暂延误",
   "a slight chance｜微小的可能性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "slightly (adv.)",
   "slightness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "minor",
   "small"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "considerable",
   "significant"
  ],
  "tip": "slight是形容词；修饰动词或比较级用slightly。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slight"
 },
 {
  "w": "convert",
  "uk": "/kənˈvɜːt/",
  "us": "/kənˈvɝːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "转变；改造；转换",
    "en": "to change something into a different form, purpose, or system"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "改变宗教信仰；皈依",
    "en": "to adopt a different religion or persuade someone to do so"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "皈依者；新拥护者",
    "en": "someone who has adopted a new religion, belief, or practice"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We converted the spare bedroom into a small office.",
    "zh": "我们把空闲的卧室改成了一间小办公室。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity, allowing households to reduce their dependence on fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "太阳能电池板将阳光转化为电能，使家庭能够减少对化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "convert into｜转变为",
   "convert to｜改用；皈依",
   "convert energy｜转换能量",
   "convert a building｜改造建筑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conversion (n.)",
   "converter (n.)",
   "convertible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "transform"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词重音在后；名词重音在前。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "convert"
 },
 {
  "w": "shipping",
  "uk": "/ˈʃɪpɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈʃɪpɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运输；海运；装运",
    "en": "the business or process of transporting goods"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运费",
    "en": "the charge for delivering goods"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "船舶总称",
    "en": "ships considered together as a group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Shipping these boxes overseas will take about a month.",
    "zh": "把这些箱子运到海外大约需要一个月。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International shipping supports global trade, but its environmental impact has prompted demands for cleaner fuels.",
    "zh": "国际航运支撑着全球贸易，但其环境影响也引发了使用更清洁燃料的诉求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shipping costs｜运输费用",
   "free shipping｜免运费",
   "shipping industry｜航运业",
   "shipping lanes｜航道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ship (n.)",
   "ship (v.)",
   "shipment (n.)",
   "shipper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "transportation",
   "delivery"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；网购中的shipping也可指非海运配送。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shipping"
 },
 {
  "w": "grasshopper",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrɑːshɒpə/",
  "us": "/ˈɡræshɑːpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蚱蜢；蚂蚱",
    "en": "An insect with long back legs used for jumping."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A green grasshopper landed on my sleeve in the garden.",
    "zh": "花园里，一只绿色蚱蜢落在了我的袖子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Grasshoppers provide food for many birds and play an important role in maintaining healthy grassland ecosystems.",
    "zh": "蚱蜢为许多鸟类提供食物，在维持健康草原生态系统方面发挥着重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a green grasshopper｜一只绿色蚱蜢",
   "a grasshopper leaps｜蚱蜢跳跃",
   "grasshopper species｜蚱蜢种类"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "locust指能形成迁飞群的某些蝗虫。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grasshopper"
 },
 {
  "w": "expire",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspaɪə/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspaɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "到期；失效",
    "en": "Reach the end of an officially allowed or valid period."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My passport expires next month, so I must renew it.",
    "zh": "我的护照下个月到期，所以必须换发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When temporary work permits expire, employees may face uncertainty about their future employment and residence.",
    "zh": "临时工作许可到期时，雇员的未来就业和居留可能面临不确定性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a passport expires｜护照到期",
   "a contract expires｜合同到期",
   "expire at midnight｜于午夜到期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expiry (n.)",
   "expiration (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "run out"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是不及物动词：合同到期用expires，不用is expired。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expire"
 },
 {
  "w": "mold",
  "uk": "/məʊld/",
  "us": "/moʊld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "模具；铸模",
    "en": "a shaped container in which a material sets into shape"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "塑造；使成形",
    "en": "to shape a material or influence someone's character"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "霉；霉菌",
    "en": "a fungus growing on damp surfaces or old food"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Pour the melted chocolate into the mold carefully.",
    "zh": "把融化的巧克力小心倒入模具中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early experiences can mold children's attitudes towards education and influence their confidence throughout their school years.",
    "zh": "早期经历能够塑造儿童对教育的态度，并影响他们整个求学阶段的自信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "silicone mold｜硅胶模具",
   "mold into shape｜塑造成形",
   "mold growth｜霉菌生长",
   "break the mold｜打破常规"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "moldy (adj.)",
   "molding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式拼写mold，英式通常写mould；也指霉菌。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mold"
 },
 {
  "w": "gulf",
  "uk": "/ɡʌlf/",
  "us": "/ɡʌlf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海湾",
    "en": "A large area of sea partly surrounded by land."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "巨大差距；严重分歧",
    "en": "A major difference separating people, groups, or ideas."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fishing boats crossed the gulf as the sun rose.",
    "zh": "太阳升起时，渔船驶过海湾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unequal access to digital technology can widen the gulf between wealthy communities and poorer ones.",
    "zh": "数字技术获取机会不平等可能扩大富裕社区与贫困社区之间的差距。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wide gulf｜巨大差距",
   "bridge the gulf｜弥合差距",
   "the gulf between rich and poor｜贫富差距"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gulf可指海湾，也常用gulf between表示巨大差距。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gulf"
 },
 {
  "w": "eternal",
  "uk": "/ɪˈtɜːnəl/",
  "us": "/ɪˈtɝːnəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "永恒的；永久的",
    "en": "Lasting forever, without an end."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无休止的；没完没了的",
    "en": "Seeming to continue endlessly, often in an annoying way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The couple promised eternal love beneath the flowering tree.",
    "zh": "那对情侣在开花的树下许下了永恒相爱的诺言。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many ancient cultures used monumental architecture to express hopes for eternal life and preserve collective memories.",
    "zh": "许多古代文化通过宏伟建筑表达对永生的期盼，并保存集体记忆。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "eternal life｜永生",
   "eternal love｜永恒的爱",
   "eternal optimism｜始终不灭的乐观"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eternally (adv.)",
   "eternity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "everlasting",
   "endless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "temporary",
   "transient"
  ],
  "tip": "eternal强调无终点；eternal complaints可夸张指抱怨不断。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eternal"
 },
 {
  "w": "distinct",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstɪŋkt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstɪŋkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不同的；有区别的",
    "en": "clearly different or separate from something else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "明显的；清晰的",
    "en": "easy to notice, hear, see, or recognize"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The twins have similar faces but distinct personalities.",
    "zh": "这对双胞胎长相相似，性格却不同。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport and private cars serve distinct needs, so urban planners should consider both.",
    "zh": "公共交通和私家车满足不同的需求，因此城市规划者应兼顾两者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "distinct from｜与……不同",
   "two distinct groups｜两个不同的群体",
   "distinct advantage｜明显优势"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "distinction (n.)",
   "distinctly (adv.)",
   "distinctive (adj.)",
   "distinctness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "different",
   "clear"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "similar",
   "indistinct"
  ],
  "tip": "distinct from表示“与……不同”；勿混淆为distant。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "distinct"
 },
 {
  "w": "speculate",
  "uk": "/ˈspekjuleɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈspekjəleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推测；猜测",
    "en": "Form ideas about something without having enough evidence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "投机买卖",
    "en": "Buy and sell assets hoping to profit from price changes."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We can only speculate about what caused the delay.",
    "zh": "我们只能猜测延误的原因。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers speculate that changing work patterns could reduce traffic congestion in major urban centres.",
    "zh": "研究人员推测，工作模式的改变可能缓解大城市中心的交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "speculate about the cause｜推测原因",
   "speculate that｜推测……",
   "speculate in property｜炒作房地产"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "speculation (n.)",
   "speculative (adj.)",
   "speculator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "conjecture"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "推测常接about或that从句；投机领域用in。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "speculate"
 },
 {
  "w": "existence",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzɪstəns/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzɪstəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "存在",
    "en": "the state of being real or present"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生活；生存状态",
    "en": "a person's way of living, especially under particular conditions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I never knew of this tiny island's existence.",
    "zh": "我以前根本不知道有这座小岛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The existence of affordable housing can significantly improve the quality of life in growing cities.",
    "zh": "在不断发展的城市中，有经济适用住房可以显著提升生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "come into existence｜开始存在；形成",
   "in existence｜现存的",
   "the existence of｜……的存在",
   "a peaceful existence｜平静的生活"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exist (v.)",
   "existing (adj.)",
   "existent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "nonexistence"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“存在”通常不可数；a quiet existence指平静生活。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "existence"
 },
 {
  "w": "confront",
  "uk": "/kənˈfrʌnt/",
  "us": "/kənˈfrʌnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "面对；正视",
    "en": "To face and deal with a difficult situation or problem."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "当面对质；质问",
    "en": "To challenge someone directly about something they have done."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She finally confronted her fear and entered the swimming pool.",
    "zh": "她终于直面恐惧，走进了游泳池。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities must confront the challenges of an ageing population by improving housing, healthcare, and public transport.",
    "zh": "城市必须通过改善住房、医疗和公共交通来应对人口老龄化的挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "confront a problem｜正视问题",
   "be confronted with｜面临",
   "confront someone about something｜就某事质问某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "confrontation (n.)",
   "confrontational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "face"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "avoid"
  ],
  "tip": "直接接问题；be confronted with表示面临。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "confront"
 },
 {
  "w": "experimental",
  "uk": "/ɪkˌsperɪˈmentəl/",
  "us": "/ɪkˌsperəˈmentəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "实验的；基于实验的",
    "en": "Relating to scientific tests or based on their results"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "试验性的；尝试性的",
    "en": "Using new ideas or methods whose success is not yet established"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We compared the experimental results over lunch today.",
    "zh": "今天午饭时，我们比较了实验结果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Experimental evidence suggests that improved classroom ventilation can help students maintain concentration during longer lessons.",
    "zh": "实验证据表明，改善教室通风有助于学生在较长的课堂中保持专注。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "experimental evidence｜实验证据",
   "experimental design｜实验设计",
   "experimental method｜实验方法",
   "experimental treatment｜试验性治疗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "experiment (n.)",
   "experiment (v.)",
   "experimentally (adv.)",
   "experimentation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "experimental指实验的或试验性的，不是“有经验的”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "experimental"
 },
 {
  "w": "offence",
  "uk": "/əˈfens/",
  "us": "/əˈfens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "违法行为；犯规",
    "en": "An act that breaks a law or rule."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冒犯；被冒犯的感受",
    "en": "Hurt or anger caused by something rude or disrespectful."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Parking here is an offence, so let's move the car.",
    "zh": "在这里停车是违法的，我们把车挪走吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community service may be more effective than imprisonment for people who commit a minor offence.",
    "zh": "对于轻微违法者，社区服务可能比监禁更有效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commit an offence｜违法；犯罪",
   "a criminal offence｜刑事犯罪",
   "take offence｜感到被冒犯",
   "cause offence｜引起反感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "offend (v.)",
   "offender (n.)",
   "offensive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "violation",
   "transgression"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写offence，美式offense；take offence表示生气。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "offence"
 },
 {
  "w": "mistaken",
  "uk": "/mɪˈsteɪkən/",
  "us": "/mɪˈsteɪkən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "弄错的；误解的",
    "en": "Wrong about something or based on an incorrect belief."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was mistaken about the time of our appointment.",
    "zh": "我把我们约定的时间记错了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The mistaken belief that all bacteria are harmful can prevent people from understanding their ecological importance.",
    "zh": "认为所有细菌都有害的错误观念会妨碍人们理解它们在生态中的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be mistaken about｜对……弄错",
   "mistaken belief｜错误观念",
   "mistaken identity｜身份误认",
   "if I am not mistaken｜如果我没弄错"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mistake (n.)",
   "mistake (v.)",
   "mistakenly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wrong",
   "incorrect"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "correct",
   "right"
  ],
  "tip": "人作主语时常用be mistaken about，表示对某事弄错。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mistaken"
 },
 {
  "w": "telegram",
  "uk": "/ˈtelɪɡræm/",
  "us": "/ˈtelɪɡræm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电报",
    "en": "a message sent by telegraph and delivered in written form"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Grandmother kept the telegram announcing her brother's safe arrival.",
    "zh": "祖母保存着那封告知她哥哥平安抵达的电报。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before telephone services became widely available, sending a telegram was an important way to communicate urgent news.",
    "zh": "在电话服务广泛普及之前，发电报是传递紧急消息的重要方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "send a telegram｜发电报",
   "receive a telegram｜收到电报",
   "deliver a telegram｜递送电报"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "telegraph (n.)",
   "telegraphic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "telegram是电报消息；telegraph指电报通信系统。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "telegram"
 },
 {
  "w": "visible",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪzəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈvɪzəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "看得见的",
    "en": "Able to be seen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "明显的；显而易见的",
    "en": "Clear enough to be noticed or recognised."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mountains were barely visible through the morning mist.",
    "zh": "晨雾中，群山依稀可见。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport has brought visible improvements to air quality in several major cities.",
    "zh": "公共交通投资已使几个大城市的空气质量得到明显改善。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clearly visible｜清晰可见的",
   "visible to the naked eye｜肉眼可见的",
   "visible improvement｜明显的改善"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "visibility (n.)",
   "invisible (adj.)",
   "visibly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "observable",
   "noticeable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "invisible",
   "hidden"
  ],
  "tip": "visible to表示对谁可见；别与visual（视觉的）混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "visible"
 },
 {
  "w": "unaffordable",
  "uk": "/ˌʌnəˈfɔːdəbl/",
  "us": "/ˌʌnəˈfɔːrdəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "负担不起的",
    "en": "Too expensive for someone to pay for."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The larger flat was unaffordable on my salary.",
    "zh": "以我的工资，负担不起那套更大的公寓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When housing becomes unaffordable, essential workers may be forced to move far from their workplaces.",
    "zh": "当住房变得难以负担时，关键岗位工作人员可能被迫搬到离工作地点很远的地方。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unaffordable housing｜难以负担的住房",
   "unaffordable rents｜负担不起的租金",
   "become unaffordable｜变得难以负担"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "afford (v.)",
   "affordable (adj.)",
   "affordability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "prohibitively expensive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "affordable"
  ],
  "tip": "强调超出支付能力，不只是价格高。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unaffordable"
 },
 {
  "w": "self-employed",
  "uk": "/ˌself ɪmˈplɔɪd/",
  "us": "/ˌself ɪmˈplɔɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自雇的；个体经营的",
    "en": "Working for yourself rather than being employed by an organisation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt is a self-employed electrician with her own van.",
    "zh": "我姑姑是个体电工，有自己的货车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Self-employed workers often enjoy flexible schedules but may lack paid holidays and a stable monthly income.",
    "zh": "自雇者通常享有灵活的工作时间，但可能没有带薪假期和稳定的月收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "self-employed workers｜自雇劳动者",
   "become self-employed｜开始自主经营",
   "self-employed consultant｜独立执业顾问"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "self-employment (n.)",
   "employ (v.)",
   "employee (n.)",
   "employer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指为自己工作，不等于失业；注意保留连字符。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "self-employed"
 },
 {
  "w": "fund-raising",
  "uk": "/ˈfʌndˌreɪzɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈfʌndˌreɪzɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "筹款；募捐活动",
    "en": "The activity of collecting money for an organization or cause."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our fund-raising dinner helped buy books for the library.",
    "zh": "我们的筹款晚宴为图书馆购书提供了帮助。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community fund-raising can support local services, but essential healthcare should not depend entirely on charitable donations.",
    "zh": "社区筹款可以支持当地公共服务，但基本医疗不应完全依赖慈善捐赠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fund-raising event｜筹款活动",
   "fund-raising campaign｜筹款行动",
   "fund-raising target｜筹款目标"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fundraiser (n.)",
   "fund (n.)",
   "fund (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "也常拼作fundraising；raise funds意为筹款。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fund-raising"
 },
 {
  "w": "slam",
  "uk": "/slæm/",
  "us": "/slæm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "砰地关上；用力摔放",
    "en": "to shut or put something down with force and noise"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猛烈抨击",
    "en": "to criticize someone or something very strongly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "砰的一声；猛烈撞击",
    "en": "a loud noise caused by something closing or hitting hard"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The wind slammed the window shut during breakfast.",
    "zh": "吃早饭时，风把窗户砰地吹关了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental groups slammed the proposal because it would allow further construction in protected coastal areas.",
    "zh": "环保组织猛烈抨击该提案，因为它将允许在受保护的沿海地区继续施工。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "slam the door｜砰地关门",
   "slam shut｜砰地关上",
   "slam a proposal｜猛烈抨击提案"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式slammed，进行式slamming，均双写m。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slam"
 },
 {
  "w": "license",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪsəns/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪsəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "批准；发许可证给",
    "en": "to give official permission for an activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "执照；许可证",
    "en": "an official document permitting an activity or ownership"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You need a license to drive on public roads.",
    "zh": "你需要有驾驶执照才能在公共道路上开车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Authorities should license childcare providers carefully to ensure that facilities meet appropriate safety and quality standards.",
    "zh": "主管部门应审慎审批托育机构的经营许可，确保设施符合相应的安全和质量标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "license someone to do something｜许可某人做某事",
   "a driving license｜驾驶执照",
   "apply for a license｜申请许可证",
   "a licensed operator｜持牌经营者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "licensed (adj.)",
   "licensing (n.)",
   "licensee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "authorize",
   "permit"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式名词写 licence、动词写 license；美式均用 license。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "license"
 },
 {
  "w": "trek",
  "uk": "/trek/",
  "us": "/trek/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "长途艰苦跋涉",
    "en": "a long, difficult journey on foot"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "长途跋涉；徒步远行",
    "en": "to walk a long distance, often across difficult terrain"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our trek through the forest ended beside a waterfall.",
    "zh": "我们穿越森林的徒步旅程在一处瀑布旁结束。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors who trek through remote mountain regions can support local economies by hiring guides and purchasing local supplies.",
    "zh": "在偏远山区徒步的游客可以通过雇用向导和购买当地物资来支持当地经济。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a mountain trek｜山地徒步旅行",
   "trek through the forest｜徒步穿越森林",
   "go on a trek｜去长途徒步"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trekker (n.)",
   "trekking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hike"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "现代常指艰苦徒步；trekked、trekking要双写k。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trek"
 },
 {
  "w": "beetle",
  "uk": "/ˈbiːtəl/",
  "us": "/ˈbiːtəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "甲虫",
    "en": "An insect with hard outer wings covering its flying wings."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A shiny beetle crawled slowly across the garden path.",
    "zh": "一只发亮的甲虫缓缓爬过花园小径。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some beetle species help maintain healthy forests by breaking down dead wood and recycling nutrients.",
    "zh": "一些甲虫通过分解枯木和循环利用养分，帮助维持森林健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dung beetle｜蜣螂",
   "stag beetle｜锹甲",
   "beetle species｜甲虫种类"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指甲虫；不要用它表示“近视的人”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beetle"
 },
 {
  "w": "strap",
  "uk": "/stræp/",
  "us": "/stræp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "带子；背带",
    "en": "a narrow strip used to carry, hold, or fasten something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用带子固定；捆扎",
    "en": "to secure someone or something with a strap"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The strap on my backpack broke near the bus stop.",
    "zh": "快到公交站时，我背包的肩带断了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Passengers should strap their luggage securely to prevent injuries when vehicles stop suddenly or travel over uneven roads.",
    "zh": "乘客应把行李绑牢，以免车辆急停或驶过不平路面时造成伤害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shoulder strap｜肩带",
   "adjustable strap｜可调节带子",
   "strap something down｜用带子固定某物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "strap作动词时，过去式为strapped，现在分词为strapping。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strap"
 },
 {
  "w": "hydrogen",
  "uk": "/ˈhaɪdrədʒən/",
  "us": "/ˈhaɪdrədʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "氢；氢气",
    "en": "the lightest chemical element, a colourless gas that burns easily"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our science teacher showed us how hydrogen burns.",
    "zh": "科学老师向我们演示了氢气如何燃烧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hydrogen produced using renewable electricity could help reduce emissions from industries that currently depend on fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "利用可再生电力生产的氢气，可帮助目前依赖化石燃料的行业减少排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hydrogen fuel｜氢燃料",
   "hydrogen gas｜氢气",
   "hydrogen fuel cell｜氢燃料电池"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hydrogen是不可数名词，表示化学元素氢或氢气。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hydrogen"
 },
 {
  "w": "gallon",
  "uk": "/ˈɡælən/",
  "us": "/ˈɡælən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "加仑（容量单位）",
    "en": "A liquid measure, about 4.55 litres British or 3.79 litres American"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought a gallon of paint for the kitchen.",
    "zh": "我们买了一加仑油漆来刷厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Comparing how far vehicles travel per gallon of fuel helps consumers assess running costs and fuel efficiency.",
    "zh": "比较车辆每消耗一加仑燃料能行驶多远，有助于消费者评估使用成本和燃油效率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a gallon of petrol｜一加仑汽油",
   "miles per gallon｜每加仑行驶英里数",
   "an imperial gallon｜一英制加仑",
   "a US gallon｜一美制加仑"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英制约4.55升，美制约3.79升，注意区分。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gallon"
 },
 {
  "w": "findings",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪndɪŋz/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪndɪŋz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "研究结果；调查发现",
    "en": "information or conclusions obtained through research or investigation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared our findings with the rest of the class.",
    "zh": "我们向班上其他同学分享了调查结果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The findings suggest that access to green spaces is associated with better mental health among urban residents.",
    "zh": "研究结果表明，能够接触绿地与城市居民较好的心理健康状况有关。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "research findings｜研究结果",
   "key findings｜主要发现",
   "publish findings｜公布研究结果",
   "preliminary findings｜初步结果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "find (v.)",
   "finding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "results",
   "conclusions"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用复数：the findings suggest，谓语不用单数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "findings"
 },
 {
  "w": "tender",
  "uk": "/ˈtendə/",
  "us": "/ˈtendər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "嫩的；易嚼的",
    "en": "Soft and easy to cut or chew."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "温柔的；慈爱的",
    "en": "Showing gentle care and affection."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "触痛的；一碰就疼的",
    "en": "Painful when touched."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The carrots were tender enough to mash with a fork.",
    "zh": "胡萝卜很软嫩，用叉子就能压成泥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Slow cooking makes tougher cuts of meat tender, allowing households to use less expensive ingredients.",
    "zh": "慢炖能使较韧的肉块变嫩，让家庭可以选用价格较低的食材。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tender meat｜嫩肉",
   "tender care｜温柔的呵护",
   "tender to the touch｜一碰就疼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tenderness (n.)",
   "tenderly (adv.)",
   "tenderise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "soft",
   "gentle"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tough"
  ],
  "tip": "形容食物指嫩；形容身体部位可指一碰就疼。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tender"
 },
 {
  "w": "best-selling",
  "uk": "/ˌbest ˈselɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌbest ˈselɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "畅销的",
    "en": "selling in very large quantities compared with similar products"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I borrowed her best-selling cookbook and tried the soup.",
    "zh": "我借来她那本畅销食谱，试做了里面的汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Best-selling novels can encourage wider reading, although commercial success does not necessarily indicate literary quality.",
    "zh": "畅销小说能够推动更广泛的阅读，但商业成功并不一定代表文学品质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "best-selling novel｜畅销小说",
   "best-selling author｜畅销书作家",
   "best-selling product｜畅销产品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bestseller (n.)",
   "sell (v.)",
   "seller (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "best-selling作形容词；bestseller是畅销书或商品。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "best-selling"
 },
 {
  "w": "administrative",
  "uk": "/ədˈmɪnɪstrətɪv/",
  "us": "/ədˈmɪnəstreɪtɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "行政的；管理的",
    "en": "Related to organising and running an institution or business."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister handles administrative tasks at a local clinic.",
    "zh": "我姐姐在当地一家诊所处理行政事务。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing administrative costs could allow schools to spend more money on teaching materials and student support.",
    "zh": "降低行政成本可以让学校将更多资金用于教材和学生支持服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "administrative staff｜行政人员",
   "administrative costs｜行政成本",
   "administrative tasks｜行政事务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "administration (n.)",
   "administrator (n.)",
   "administer (v.)",
   "administratively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指机构的行政管理，不等于政府本身。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "administrative"
 },
 {
  "w": "thinker",
  "uk": "/ˈθɪŋkə/",
  "us": "/ˈθɪŋkər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "思想家；善于思考的人",
    "en": "someone who thinks deeply or develops important ideas"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather is a quiet thinker who enjoys difficult questions.",
    "zh": "我爷爷是个沉静、爱思考的人，喜欢琢磨难题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Education should encourage students to become independent thinkers rather than simply accept established ideas without question.",
    "zh": "教育应鼓励学生成为独立思考者，而不是不加质疑地接受既有观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "independent thinker｜独立思考者",
   "critical thinker｜善于批判性思考的人",
   "influential thinker｜有影响力的思想家",
   "original thinker｜有独创思想的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "think (v.)",
   "thinking (n.)",
   "thought (n.)",
   "thoughtful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "thinker指人；thinking指思考过程或思维方式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thinker"
 },
 {
  "w": "utter",
  "uk": "/ˈʌtə/",
  "us": "/ˈʌtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "完全的；彻底的",
    "en": "Complete or total, used to emphasise something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "说出；发出声音",
    "en": "To say something or make a sound with your voice"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen was in utter chaos after we baked.",
    "zh": "我们烘焙完后，厨房彻底乱成了一团。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without adequate planning, rapid urban expansion can result in utter confusion over land ownership and infrastructure responsibilities.",
    "zh": "如果缺乏充分规划，快速的城市扩张可能导致土地所有权与基础设施责任划分完全混乱。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "utter chaos｜彻底混乱",
   "utter disbelief｜完全不敢相信",
   "utter a word｜说一个字",
   "utter a sound｜发出声音"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "utterly (adv.)",
   "utterance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "complete",
   "total"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词utter只放名词前；副词用utterly。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "utter"
 },
 {
  "w": "estate",
  "uk": "/ɪˈsteɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈsteɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "庄园；大片私有土地",
    "en": "A large area of owned land, often with a large house."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "住宅区；工业区",
    "en": "An area of buildings developed together for a particular purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "个人全部财产；遗产",
    "en": "Everything a person owns, especially after their death."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked past the lake on the old country estate.",
    "zh": "我们步行经过那座古老乡间庄园里的湖泊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "New housing estates should include green spaces and reliable transport links to nearby employment centres.",
    "zh": "新建住宅区应配备绿地，以及通往附近就业中心的可靠交通连接。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a country estate｜乡间庄园",
   "a housing estate｜住宅区",
   "an industrial estate｜工业区",
   "real estate｜房地产"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "real estate指房地产；housing estate指住宅区。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "estate"
 },
 {
  "w": "gratitude",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrætɪtjuːd/",
  "us": "/ˈɡrætɪtuːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "感激；感恩",
    "en": "A feeling of thankfulness for help or kindness received."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She brought fresh flowers to express her gratitude.",
    "zh": "她带来鲜花表达感激之情。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage gratitude by helping students recognise the contributions that others make to their daily lives.",
    "zh": "学校可以帮助学生认识到他人对自己日常生活的贡献，从而培养感恩之心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "express gratitude｜表达感激",
   "gratitude to someone｜对某人的感激",
   "gratitude for something｜对某事的感激",
   "a token of gratitude｜一点谢意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grateful (adj.)",
   "gratefully (adv.)",
   "ingratitude (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thankfulness",
   "appreciation"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ingratitude"
  ],
  "tip": "对人感激用to，对某事感激用for；通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gratitude"
 },
 {
  "w": "evaporate",
  "uk": "/ɪˈvæpəreɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈvæpəreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "蒸发；使蒸发",
    "en": "to change from liquid into gas, or cause this change"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逐渐消失；消散",
    "en": "to disappear, especially gradually"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puddles evaporated quickly in the warm afternoon sun.",
    "zh": "水洼里的水在温暖的午后阳光下很快蒸发了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As temperatures rise, water evaporates more rapidly from reservoirs, increasing pressure on supplies in drought-prone regions.",
    "zh": "随着气温升高，水库中的水蒸发得更快，加剧了易旱地区的供水压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "water evaporates｜水蒸发",
   "evaporate rapidly｜迅速蒸发",
   "moisture evaporates｜水分蒸发",
   "hopes evaporate｜希望逐渐破灭"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "evaporation (n.)",
   "evaporative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "vaporise",
   "disappear"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "condense"
  ],
  "tip": "蒸发不一定要沸腾；evaporate也可比喻希望等消失。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "evaporate"
 },
 {
  "w": "predictable",
  "uk": "/prɪˈdɪktəbəl/",
  "us": "/prɪˈdɪktəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可预测的；意料之中的",
    "en": "Happening or behaving in a way that can be expected."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "老套的；缺乏新意的",
    "en": "Boring because nothing surprising or original happens."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The film's predictable ending made us laugh rather than cry.",
    "zh": "这部电影老套的结局让我们笑了，而不是哭了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A predictable income helps families plan their spending and reduces the stress associated with financial uncertainty.",
    "zh": "可预期的收入有助于家庭规划支出，并减轻财务不确定性带来的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "predictable outcome｜可预料的结果",
   "predictable pattern｜可预测的模式",
   "highly predictable｜十分容易预测的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "predict (v.)",
   "prediction (n.)",
   "predictability (n.)",
   "predictably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "foreseeable",
   "expected"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unpredictable"
  ],
  "tip": "既可表示结果可预料，也可贬指情节老套。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "predictable"
 },
 {
  "w": "uncover",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈkʌvə/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈkʌvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发现；揭露",
    "en": "to discover something previously hidden or unknown"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "揭开覆盖物",
    "en": "to remove something covering an object or surface"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our kitchen repairs helped uncover a hidden water leak.",
    "zh": "维修厨房时，我们发现了一处隐蔽的漏水点。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent research can uncover environmental risks that are overlooked during the early stages of industrial development.",
    "zh": "独立研究能够发现工业发展初期被忽视的环境风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "uncover evidence｜发现证据",
   "uncover the truth｜揭示真相",
   "uncover a problem｜发现问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cover (v.)",
   "uncovered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reveal",
   "discover",
   "expose"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "conceal",
   "cover"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指揭去实物覆盖，也可指发现隐藏事实。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "uncover"
 },
 {
  "w": "harsh",
  "uk": "/hɑːʃ/",
  "us": "/hɑːrʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严厉的；苛刻的",
    "en": "unkind or excessively severe in judging or treating others"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严酷的；恶劣的",
    "en": "very difficult or unpleasant to live in or experience"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "刺耳的；刺眼的；刺激的",
    "en": "unpleasantly strong and uncomfortable to the senses"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His harsh criticism upset everyone at the dinner table.",
    "zh": "他苛刻的批评让餐桌旁的每个人都很难过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers in regions with harsh climates need reliable irrigation systems to maintain stable food production.",
    "zh": "气候恶劣地区的农民需要可靠的灌溉系统来维持稳定的粮食生产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "harsh criticism｜苛刻的批评",
   "harsh conditions｜恶劣的条件",
   "harsh punishment｜严厉的惩罚",
   "harsh light｜刺眼的光"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "harshly (adv.)",
   "harshness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "severe",
   "stern"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "gentle",
   "mild"
  ],
  "tip": "比strict更强调严厉得令人不快或难以承受。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "harsh"
 },
 {
  "w": "resemble",
  "uk": "/rɪˈzembl/",
  "us": "/rɪˈzembl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "像；与……相似",
    "en": "To look like or be similar to someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These clouds resemble small boats floating across the sky.",
    "zh": "这些云朵像小船一样飘过天空。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern learning spaces increasingly resemble collaborative workplaces rather than traditional classrooms with fixed rows of desks.",
    "zh": "现代学习空间越来越像协作型工作场所，而非课桌排列固定的传统教室。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "closely resemble｜与……非常相似",
   "strongly resemble｜与……极为相像",
   "resemble each other｜彼此相像"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "resemblance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "look like",
   "be similar to"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "differ from"
  ],
  "tip": "直接接宾语：resemble someone，不加to或with。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resemble"
 },
 {
  "w": "saddle",
  "uk": "/ˈsædəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsædəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "马鞍；自行车座",
    "en": "a seat on a horse or bicycle"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给马装鞍",
    "en": "to put a saddle on a horse"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使承担重担",
    "en": "to give someone an unwanted responsibility or burden"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I lowered the saddle before riding my new bicycle.",
    "zh": "骑新自行车之前，我把车座调低了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive university fees can saddle graduates with debts that limit their career choices for many years.",
    "zh": "过高的大学学费可能让毕业生背负债务，多年来限制他们的职业选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adjust the saddle｜调整车座",
   "saddle a horse｜给马装鞍",
   "be saddled with debt｜背负债务"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "saddle someone with指使某人承担不想要的负担。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "saddle"
 },
 {
  "w": "fate",
  "uk": "/feɪt/",
  "us": "/feɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "命运；天意",
    "en": "a power believed to control what happens in people's lives"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结局；遭遇",
    "en": "what eventually happens to someone or something, often something bad"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It felt like fate when we met again.",
    "zh": "我们再次相遇时，感觉就像命中注定一样。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The fate of many endangered species depends on whether governments protect their habitats from further destruction.",
    "zh": "许多濒危物种的命运取决于各国政府是否保护其栖息地免遭进一步破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "leave something to fate｜让某事听天由命",
   "seal someone's fate｜决定某人的命运",
   "suffer the same fate｜遭遇同样的结局"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fated (adj.)",
   "fateful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "destiny"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示天意时通常不可数；a terrible fate指悲惨结局。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fate"
 },
 {
  "w": "desperate",
  "uk": "/ˈdespərət/",
  "us": "/ˈdespərət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "绝望的；不顾一切的",
    "en": "Feeling nearly hopeless and ready to try anything."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极度渴望的；急需的",
    "en": "Wanting or needing something very badly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "危急的；极严重的",
    "en": "Extremely serious or dangerous and needing immediate action."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Desperate to find her cat, Aisha searched every nearby garden.",
    "zh": "艾莎急切地想找到她的猫，搜遍了附近每个花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "After prolonged drought, farming communities face desperate conditions and require urgent support to restore their livelihoods.",
    "zh": "长期干旱后，农业社区面临危急处境，急需援助以恢复生计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "desperate for help｜急需帮助",
   "desperate to escape｜拼命想逃脱",
   "a desperate attempt｜孤注一掷的尝试",
   "desperate measures｜不得已的极端措施"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "desperately (adv.)",
   "desperation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hopeless",
   "frantic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hopeful"
  ],
  "tip": "渴望某物用desperate for；急切做某事用to do。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "desperate"
 },
 {
  "w": "skeleton",
  "uk": "/ˈskelɪtən/",
  "us": "/ˈskelɪtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "骨骼；骨架",
    "en": "The framework of bones supporting a human or animal body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "基本框架；梗概",
    "en": "A basic structure to which more details can be added."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We saw a huge dinosaur skeleton at the museum.",
    "zh": "我们在博物馆看到了一具巨大的恐龙骨架。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying the skeleton of an ancient animal can reveal how it moved and adapted to its environment.",
    "zh": "研究古代动物的骨骼可以揭示它的运动方式以及它如何适应环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "human skeleton｜人体骨骼",
   "dinosaur skeleton｜恐龙骨架",
   "skeleton staff｜最低限度的工作人员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "skeletal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "skeleton staff指维持运转所需的最少人员。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "skeleton"
 },
 {
  "w": "precaution",
  "uk": "/prɪˈkɔːʃən/",
  "us": "/prɪˈkɔːʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预防措施；防范措施",
    "en": "an action taken to prevent danger, damage, or problems"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We packed an extra torch as a precaution.",
    "zh": "我们多带了一个手电筒，以防万一。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Taking basic safety precautions in laboratories can prevent accidents and protect both students and teaching staff.",
    "zh": "在实验室采取基本安全防范措施，可以预防事故并保护师生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take precautions｜采取预防措施",
   "as a precaution｜作为预防措施",
   "safety precautions｜安全防范措施",
   "a precaution against fire｜防火措施"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "precautionary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "safeguard"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用 take precautions；as a precaution 表示以防万一。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "precaution"
 },
 {
  "w": "candidate",
  "uk": "/ˈkændɪdət/",
  "us": "/ˈkændɪdət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "候选人；求职者",
    "en": "Someone competing for a job or an elected position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "应试者",
    "en": "Someone taking an examination."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each candidate waited outside the office before their interview.",
    "zh": "每位求职者都在面试前等候在办公室外。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should assess each candidate fairly rather than rely on assumptions about their educational or cultural background.",
    "zh": "雇主应公平评估每位求职者，而不是依赖对其教育或文化背景的主观推断。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "candidate for a position｜某职位的候选人",
   "suitable candidate｜合适的人选",
   "election candidate｜竞选候选人",
   "exam candidate｜考生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "candidacy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "applicant",
   "contender"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "candidate for后接所竞聘的职位或所竞选的职务。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "candidate"
 },
 {
  "w": "encyclopedia",
  "uk": "/ɪnˌsaɪkləˈpiːdiə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˌsaɪkləˈpiːdiə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "百科全书",
    "en": "A book or website explaining many subjects or one field."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I found a fascinating dinosaur picture in this encyclopedia.",
    "zh": "我在这本百科全书里找到了一幅很有趣的恐龙图片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An online encyclopedia offers convenient background information, but students should verify important claims using reliable academic sources.",
    "zh": "在线百科全书便于查询背景信息，但学生应使用可靠的学术来源核实重要论断。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "online encyclopedia｜在线百科全书",
   "encyclopedia entry｜百科全书条目",
   "consult an encyclopedia｜查阅百科全书"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "encyclopedic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语也常拼作encyclopaedia。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "encyclopedia"
 },
 {
  "w": "swollen",
  "uk": "/ˈswəʊlən/",
  "us": "/ˈswoʊlən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "肿胀的",
    "en": "larger than normal because of injury or illness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "水位上涨的",
    "en": "carrying more water than usual after heavy rain"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My ankle was swollen after I fell during practice.",
    "zh": "训练时摔倒后，我的脚踝肿了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "After several days of heavy rain, the swollen river threatened homes built close to its banks.",
    "zh": "连续数日的大雨过后，水位上涨的河流威胁着沿岸的住宅。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a swollen ankle｜肿胀的脚踝",
   "swollen glands｜肿大的腺体",
   "a swollen river｜水位上涨的河流"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "swell (v.)",
   "swelling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "也作swell的过去分词；过去式是swelled。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "swollen"
 },
 {
  "w": "reputation",
  "uk": "/ˌrepjuˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "名声；声誉",
    "en": "The general opinion people have about someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This little bakery has a reputation for excellent bread.",
    "zh": "这家小面包店以出色的面包闻名。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies that respond honestly to customer complaints are more likely to maintain a good reputation.",
    "zh": "诚实回应顾客投诉的企业更有可能保持良好的声誉。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "build a reputation｜建立声誉",
   "damage someone's reputation｜损害某人的声誉",
   "a reputation for quality｜品质优良的口碑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reputable (adj.)",
   "reputed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "standing"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用reputation for接特点；名声可好可坏。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reputation"
 },
 {
  "w": "refresh",
  "uk": "/rɪˈfreʃ/",
  "us": "/rɪˈfreʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使恢复精神；使清爽",
    "en": "To make someone feel less tired or more comfortable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刷新；更新",
    "en": "To load the latest version of displayed information."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "唤起；重温",
    "en": "To help someone remember something learned or experienced before."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A cool shower refreshed me after the long walk.",
    "zh": "走了很远的路后，冲个凉让我恢复了精神。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular breaks can refresh employees and help them maintain concentration during tasks that require sustained mental effort.",
    "zh": "定时休息能让员工恢复精神，帮助他们在需要持续脑力投入的任务中保持专注。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel refreshed｜感到精神焕发",
   "refresh a page｜刷新页面",
   "refresh your memory｜唤起记忆",
   "refresh your skills｜温习技能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "refreshing (adj.)",
   "refreshed (adj.)",
   "refreshment (n.)",
   "refresher (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "revive",
   "revitalise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "人感觉精神恢复用refreshed；令人清爽用refreshing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "refresh"
 },
 {
  "w": "silky",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪlki/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪlki/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "丝般柔滑的",
    "en": "soft, smooth, and often shiny like silk"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "声音柔和悦耳的",
    "en": "pleasantly smooth and gentle in sound"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This conditioner leaves my hair feeling soft and silky.",
    "zh": "这款护发素让我的头发柔软顺滑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers often prefer fabrics with a silky texture, although their production may require substantial chemical processing.",
    "zh": "消费者通常偏爱质地丝滑的面料，尽管其生产可能需要大量化学加工。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "silky hair｜柔顺光亮的头发",
   "silky texture｜丝滑的质地",
   "silky smooth｜如丝般顺滑",
   "silky voice｜柔和悦耳的嗓音"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "silk (n.)",
   "silkiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "smooth",
   "silken"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rough",
   "coarse"
  ],
  "tip": "silky强调像丝一样柔滑，不一定由真丝制成。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "silky"
 },
 {
  "w": "housekeeper",
  "uk": "/ˈhaʊskiːpə/",
  "us": "/ˈhaʊskiːpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "家政服务员；客房服务员",
    "en": "Someone employed to clean and look after homes or hotel rooms."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The housekeeper left fresh towels beside the bathroom sink.",
    "zh": "客房服务员把干净毛巾放在了浴室洗手池旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hotels should provide housekeepers with suitable equipment and sufficient time to clean each room safely.",
    "zh": "酒店应为客房服务员提供合适的设备和充足的时间，确保每间客房都能安全清洁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hotel housekeeper｜酒店客房服务员",
   "live-in housekeeper｜住家家政服务员",
   "hire a housekeeper｜雇用家政服务员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "housekeeping (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指受雇打理家务或客房的人，不限性别。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "housekeeper"
 },
 {
  "w": "strain",
  "uk": "/streɪn/",
  "us": "/streɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "压力；负担",
    "en": "pressure or difficulty that tests someone's strength or resources"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拉伤；使过度用力",
    "en": "to injure or overwork a muscle or body part"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "品种；菌株；毒株",
    "en": "a particular type of plant, animal, or microorganism"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I strained my back while lifting that heavy box.",
    "zh": "我搬那个沉重的箱子时拉伤了背部。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid population growth puts considerable strain on public services, particularly housing and healthcare in large cities.",
    "zh": "人口快速增长给公共服务带来巨大压力，尤其是大城市的住房和医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "put a strain on｜给……造成压力",
   "under strain｜承受压力",
   "strain a muscle｜拉伤肌肉",
   "a strain of virus｜一种病毒株"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "strained (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pressure",
   "burden"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "strain可指拉伤；sprain主要指关节扭伤。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strain"
 },
 {
  "w": "straighten",
  "uk": "/ˈstreɪtən/",
  "us": "/ˈstreɪtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弄直；变直",
    "en": "Make something straight, or become straight."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挺直身体",
    "en": "Move your body into an upright position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She paused to straighten her tie before the interview.",
    "zh": "面试前，她停下来把领带理正。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular stretching can help office workers straighten their backs and reduce discomfort caused by prolonged sitting.",
    "zh": "定期做伸展运动有助于办公室职员挺直背部，减轻久坐引起的不适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "straighten your back｜挺直背部",
   "straighten up｜挺直身体；收拾整齐",
   "straighten out a problem｜解决问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "straight (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "bend"
  ],
  "tip": "straighten up可指挺直身体，也可指收拾整齐。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "straighten"
 },
 {
  "w": "accuracy",
  "uk": "/ˈækjərəsi/",
  "us": "/ˈækjərəsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "准确性；精确度",
    "en": "the quality of being correct or free from errors"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please check the accuracy of these measurements before cutting.",
    "zh": "裁剪之前，请检查这些测量数据是否准确。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The accuracy of climate predictions depends partly on the quality of data collected over long periods.",
    "zh": "气候预测的准确性部分取决于长期收集的数据质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "check the accuracy of｜核查……的准确性",
   "improve accuracy｜提高准确性",
   "a high degree of accuracy｜高度准确",
   "historical accuracy｜史实准确性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accurate (adj.)",
   "accurately (adv.)",
   "inaccurate (adj.)",
   "inaccuracy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "correctness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inaccuracy"
  ],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；形容词是accurate。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accuracy"
 },
 {
  "w": "debate",
  "uk": "/dɪˈbeɪt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈbeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "辩论；讨论",
    "en": "A discussion in which people express different views."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "辩论；讨论",
    "en": "To discuss a subject by considering different views."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "仔细考虑；权衡",
    "en": "To think carefully about options before making a decision."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had a lively debate about keeping pets indoors.",
    "zh": "我们就把宠物养在室内的问题展开了热烈讨论。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The debate over free public transport centres on its environmental benefits and the cost to taxpayers.",
    "zh": "关于免费公共交通的争论集中在其环境效益和纳税人需要承担的费用上。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public debate｜公开讨论",
   "heated debate｜激烈的辩论",
   "debate an issue｜讨论一个问题",
   "debate whether to｜斟酌是否要"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "debatable (adj.)",
   "debater (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "discussion",
   "deliberation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词可直接接议题；debate whether to表示权衡。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "debate"
 },
 {
  "w": "porch",
  "uk": "/pɔːtʃ/",
  "us": "/pɔːrtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "门廊",
    "en": "A covered area immediately outside a building's entrance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We left our muddy boots on the porch overnight.",
    "zh": "我们把沾满泥的靴子放在门廊上过了一夜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A shaded porch can reduce indoor temperatures while providing residents with a comfortable outdoor meeting space.",
    "zh": "带遮阴的门廊既能降低室内温度，也能为住户提供舒适的户外交流空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "front porch｜前门廊",
   "covered porch｜有顶门廊",
   "sit on the porch｜坐在门廊上"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指入口外的有顶空间，不是室内走廊。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "porch"
 },
 {
  "w": "harvest",
  "uk": "/ˈhɑːvɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːrvɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "收割；收成",
    "en": "the gathering of crops, or the crops gathered"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "收割；采收",
    "en": "to gather crops when they are ready"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We celebrated the apple harvest with a homemade pie.",
    "zh": "我们做了一个自制苹果派，庆祝苹果丰收。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unpredictable rainfall can reduce the annual harvest, threatening rural incomes and increasing food prices in cities.",
    "zh": "难以预测的降雨可能减少年度收成，威胁农村收入并推高城市食品价格。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a good harvest｜好收成",
   "harvest season｜收获季节",
   "harvest crops｜收割庄稼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "harvester (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词可指收割活动，也可指收获的作物或产量。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "harvest"
 },
 {
  "w": "found",
  "uk": "/faʊnd/",
  "us": "/faʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "创立；建立",
    "en": "to establish an organization, institution, or settlement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "找到（find的过去式及分词）",
    "en": "past tense and past participle of find"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt founded a small charity last winter.",
    "zh": "去年冬天，我姑姑创办了一家小型慈善机构。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Graduates who found new businesses can create employment opportunities and introduce innovative services to local communities.",
    "zh": "创办新企业的毕业生可以创造就业机会，并为当地社区引入创新服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "found a company｜创办公司",
   "found a school｜创办学校",
   "found a charity｜创办慈善机构"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "founder (n.)",
   "foundation (n.)",
   "founding (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "establish",
   "set up"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“创立”的过去式是founded；“找到”的原形是find。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "found"
 },
 {
  "w": "calcium",
  "uk": "/ˈkælsiəm/",
  "us": "/ˈkælsiəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钙",
    "en": "A chemical element needed for strong bones and teeth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This yoghurt provides calcium for healthy bones and teeth.",
    "zh": "这种酸奶提供有益于骨骼和牙齿健康的钙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School meals should include adequate sources of calcium to support children's bone development during periods of rapid growth.",
    "zh": "学校膳食应包含充足的钙来源，以支持儿童快速生长期的骨骼发育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "calcium intake｜钙摄入量",
   "calcium deficiency｜缺钙",
   "calcium supplements｜钙补充剂",
   "a source of calcium｜钙的来源"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；化学符号为Ca。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "calcium"
 },
 {
  "w": "economically",
  "uk": "/ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkli/",
  "us": "/ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪkli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在经济上",
    "en": "in a way relating to money, trade, or the economy"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "节约地；经济实惠地",
    "en": "using little money, fuel, or other resources"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The town depends economically on its busy fishing harbour.",
    "zh": "这个小镇在经济上依赖其繁忙的渔港。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Renewable energy projects are becoming economically viable as production costs fall and demand for cleaner electricity rises.",
    "zh": "随着生产成本下降及清洁电力需求上升，可再生能源项目正变得在经济上可行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "economically viable｜经济上可行的",
   "economically disadvantaged｜经济条件不利的",
   "economically dependent｜经济上依赖的",
   "live economically｜节俭度日"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "economy (n.)",
   "economic (adj.)",
   "economical (adj.)",
   "economics (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "兼有economic的“经济上”和economical的“节约地”之意。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "economically"
 },
 {
  "w": "fort",
  "uk": "/fɔːt/",
  "us": "/fɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "堡垒；要塞",
    "en": "A strong building or enclosed place built for military defence."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We climbed the hill to explore the old fort.",
    "zh": "我们爬上山去探索那座古老的堡垒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring the coastal fort could attract tourists while preserving an important part of the region's military history.",
    "zh": "修复这座海岸堡垒既能吸引游客，也能保留该地区重要的军事历史遗产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "build a fort｜建造堡垒",
   "coastal fort｜海岸要塞",
   "abandoned fort｜废弃的堡垒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fortify (v.)",
   "fortification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fortress",
   "stronghold"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fort侧重军事防御；castle常兼作贵族住所。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fort"
 },
 {
  "w": "shrub",
  "uk": "/ʃrʌb/",
  "us": "/ʃrʌb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灌木",
    "en": "A woody plant with several stems, usually smaller than a tree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small bird was hiding beneath the flowering shrub.",
    "zh": "一只小鸟躲在开花的灌木下面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting native shrubs in urban parks provides shelter for wildlife and can reduce the need for irrigation.",
    "zh": "在城市公园种植本地灌木能为野生动物提供栖息处，还能减少灌溉需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flowering shrub｜开花灌木",
   "evergreen shrub｜常绿灌木",
   "native shrubs｜本地灌木",
   "plant shrubs｜种植灌木"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shrubby (adj.)",
   "shrubbery (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bush"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，指灌木植株；一片灌木可用shrubbery。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shrub"
 },
 {
  "w": "academic",
  "uk": "/ˌækəˈdemɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌækəˈdemɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "学业的；学术的",
    "en": "related to education, study, or research"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大学教师；学者",
    "en": "someone who teaches or researches at a university"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "纯理论的；无实际意义的",
    "en": "theoretical rather than useful in a practical situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The school praised her academic progress this year.",
    "zh": "学校表扬了她今年在学业上的进步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should support students' emotional wellbeing rather than focusing exclusively on academic achievement and examination results.",
    "zh": "大学应关注学生的心理健康，而不是只重视学业成就和考试成绩。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "academic achievement｜学业成就",
   "academic research｜学术研究",
   "academic year｜学年",
   "academic qualifications｜学历"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "academically (adv.)",
   "academia (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "scholarly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词指大学教师或研究者，通常不指大学生。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "academic"
 },
 {
  "w": "polish",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒlɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːlɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "擦亮；磨光",
    "en": "To rub a surface until it becomes smooth and shiny."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "润色；改进",
    "en": "To improve something by making small, careful changes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "擦亮剂；上光剂",
    "en": "A substance used to make a surface smooth and shiny."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I polish my shoes before every important meeting.",
    "zh": "每次参加重要会议前，我都会把鞋擦亮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "University students should learn to polish their writing by removing unnecessary words and organising arguments logically.",
    "zh": "大学生应学会通过删去多余词语和有条理地组织论点来润色文章。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "polish shoes｜擦亮鞋子",
   "polish an essay｜润色文章",
   "furniture polish｜家具上光剂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "polished (adj.)",
   "polisher (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "小写polish指擦亮；大写Polish指波兰的，读音不同。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "polish"
 },
 {
  "w": "landfill",
  "uk": "/ˈlændfɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈlændfɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "垃圾填埋场",
    "en": "A place where waste is buried in the ground."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "垃圾填埋",
    "en": "The disposal of waste by burying it in the ground."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The truck carried our rubbish to a nearby landfill.",
    "zh": "卡车把我们的垃圾运到了附近的填埋场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding recycling services could reduce the amount of household waste sent to landfill each year.",
    "zh": "扩大回收服务范围可以减少每年送去填埋的生活垃圾量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "landfill site｜垃圾填埋场",
   "send waste to landfill｜将垃圾送去填埋",
   "landfill capacity｜填埋场容量"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指填埋场时可数；指填埋处理时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "landfill"
 },
 {
  "w": "dealer",
  "uk": "/ˈdiːlə/",
  "us": "/ˈdiːlər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经销商；商人",
    "en": "A person or business that buys and sells particular goods."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发牌者",
    "en": "The person who gives out cards in a card game."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dealer showed us three reliable used cars.",
    "zh": "经销商给我们看了三辆性能可靠的二手车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers should choose a reputable dealer when purchasing secondhand vehicles to reduce the risk of hidden defects.",
    "zh": "消费者购买二手车时应选择信誉良好的经销商，以降低遇到隐蔽缺陷的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a car dealer｜汽车经销商",
   "an art dealer｜艺术品商人",
   "a reputable dealer｜信誉良好的经销商"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deal (v.)",
   "dealings (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "trader",
   "merchant"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常在前面加商品类别，如car dealer，明确经营范围。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dealer"
 },
 {
  "w": "verse",
  "uk": "/vɜːs/",
  "us": "/vɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诗；韵文",
    "en": "Writing arranged with rhythm, often using rhyme."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诗节；歌词的一段",
    "en": "A group of lines forming part of a poem or song."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sang the first verse together around the piano.",
    "zh": "我们围在钢琴旁，一起唱了第一段歌词。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying verse can help language learners recognise rhythm and explore how writers convey complex emotions.",
    "zh": "学习诗歌可以帮助语言学习者辨识韵律，并探索作家如何传达复杂情感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "free verse｜自由诗",
   "blank verse｜无韵诗",
   "in verse｜以韵文形式",
   "the opening verse｜开篇诗节"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "versification (n.)",
   "versify (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "poetry"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "prose"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指韵文时不可数；指某一诗节时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "verse"
 },
 {
  "w": "preference",
  "uk": "/ˈprefrəns/",
  "us": "/ˈprefrəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "偏爱；偏好",
    "en": "a greater liking for one thing than for another"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "优先待遇；优先权",
    "en": "an advantage given to someone or something over others"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My preference is tea, but coffee is fine too.",
    "zh": "我更喜欢茶，不过咖啡也可以。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumer preference for locally grown food can encourage sustainable farming and reduce transport emissions.",
    "zh": "消费者对本地种植食品的偏好可以促进可持续农业，并减少运输排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a preference for｜对……的偏好",
   "personal preference｜个人偏好",
   "give preference to｜优先考虑",
   "in preference to｜优先于；而不是"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prefer (v.)",
   "preferable (adj.)",
   "preferably (adv.)",
   "preferential (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "liking"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "对某物的偏好用preference for，不用to。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "preference"
 },
 {
  "w": "era",
  "uk": "/ˈɪərə/",
  "us": "/ˈɪrə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "时代；历史时期",
    "en": "A period distinguished by particular events, developments, or ways of life."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These old photographs remind us of a different era.",
    "zh": "这些老照片让我们想起一个不同的时代。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The digital era has transformed how people access information, creating both educational opportunities and new inequalities.",
    "zh": "数字时代改变了人们获取信息的方式，既创造了教育机会，也带来了新的不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "digital era｜数字时代",
   "a new era｜新时代",
   "the end of an era｜一个时代的终结"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "age",
   "epoch"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "era强调具有共同特征的时代，不指固定年数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "era"
 },
 {
  "w": "trait",
  "uk": "/treɪt/",
  "us": "/treɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "特征；性格特点",
    "en": "A particular quality in someone's character or an organism's nature."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Patience is the trait I admire most in my sister.",
    "zh": "耐心是姐姐身上最让我欣赏的品质。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although some personality traits are inherited, social experiences also influence how individuals behave in different situations.",
    "zh": "虽然某些性格特征来自遗传，但社会经历也会影响个人在不同情境下的行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "personality trait｜性格特征",
   "inherited trait｜遗传特征",
   "distinctive trait｜独特特征"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "characteristic",
   "attribute"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "trait是可数名词，常指性格或遗传特征。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trait"
 },
 {
  "w": "gay",
  "uk": "/ɡeɪ/",
  "us": "/ɡeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "同性恋的",
    "en": "Romantically or sexually attracted to people of the same sex."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "与同性恋者相关的",
    "en": "Relating to gay people, their lives, or their culture."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle is gay and lives with his husband.",
    "zh": "我叔叔是同性恋者，和他的丈夫住在一起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can promote inclusion by ensuring that gay students receive the same respect and support as their peers.",
    "zh": "学校可以确保同性恋学生获得与同龄人同等的尊重和支持，从而促进包容。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gay couple｜同性伴侣",
   "gay rights｜同性恋者权利",
   "openly gay｜公开同性恋身份的"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "homosexual"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "heterosexual"
  ],
  "tip": "通常作形容词；“快乐的”义现已少用。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gay"
 },
 {
  "w": "sympathetic",
  "uk": "/ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "同情的；体谅的",
    "en": "showing understanding and care for someone's difficulties"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "赞同的；支持的",
    "en": "showing approval or support for an idea or proposal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My manager was sympathetic when I explained my difficulties.",
    "zh": "我说明困难后，经理表示理解。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers who are sympathetic to carers' needs can improve staff wellbeing by offering flexible working arrangements.",
    "zh": "体谅照护者需求的雇主可以通过提供灵活的工作安排来改善员工福祉。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sympathetic listener｜体贴的倾听者",
   "a sympathetic attitude｜体谅的态度",
   "sympathetic to a proposal｜赞同一项提议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sympathy (n.)",
   "sympathise (v.)",
   "sympathetically (adv.)",
   "unsympathetic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "understanding",
   "compassionate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unsympathetic"
  ],
  "tip": "常接to或towards；不表示“讨人喜欢的”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sympathetic"
 },
 {
  "w": "adolescent",
  "uk": "/ˌædəˈlesənt/",
  "us": "/ˌædəˈlesənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "青少年",
    "en": "a young person developing from a child into an adult"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "青春期的；青少年的",
    "en": "relating to the stage between childhood and adulthood"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The club offers cooking classes for adolescents after school.",
    "zh": "这个俱乐部为青少年开设课后烹饪班。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular physical activity can improve adolescent mental health and support the development of lasting social connections.",
    "zh": "定期运动可以改善青少年的心理健康，并帮助他们建立持久的社会联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adolescent development｜青少年发育",
   "adolescent behaviour｜青少年行为",
   "adolescent mental health｜青少年心理健康"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adolescence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "teenager"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可作名词也可作形容词；比 teenager 更正式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adolescent"
 },
 {
  "w": "peacock",
  "uk": "/ˈpiːkɒk/",
  "us": "/ˈpiːkɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雄孔雀",
    "en": "a male peafowl with long, colourful feathers it spreads out"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The peacock spread its brilliant feathers beside the pond.",
    "zh": "那只雄孔雀在池塘边展开了鲜艳的羽毛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The elaborate display of a peacock illustrates how mate selection can influence the evolution of animal appearance.",
    "zh": "雄孔雀华丽的开屏展示说明，配偶选择能够影响动物外形的进化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "peacock feathers｜孔雀羽毛",
   "a peacock's tail｜雄孔雀的尾羽",
   "as proud as a peacock｜像孔雀般得意"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "严格说peacock指雄孔雀，雌孔雀叫peahen。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "peacock"
 },
 {
  "w": "entirely",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtaɪəli/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtaɪərli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "完全地；全部地",
    "en": "Completely, with nothing left out."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I entirely forgot about the soup on the stove.",
    "zh": "我把炉子上煮着的汤忘得一干二净。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A transport system powered entirely by renewable energy could significantly reduce a city's carbon emissions.",
    "zh": "完全由可再生能源驱动的交通系统可以显著减少城市的碳排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "entirely different｜完全不同",
   "entirely dependent on｜完全依赖于",
   "not entirely｜不完全"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "entire (adj.)",
   "entirety (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "completely",
   "wholly",
   "totally"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "partly",
   "partially"
  ],
  "tip": "not entirely表示不完全，并非完全不。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "entirely"
 },
 {
  "w": "parade",
  "uk": "/pəˈreɪd/",
  "us": "/pəˈreɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "游行；列队表演",
    "en": "An organised procession of people or vehicles watched by spectators."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "列队行进；游行",
    "en": "To walk together in an organised public procession."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "炫耀；展示",
    "en": "To show something publicly, often to attract admiration."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Children waved flags as the parade passed our balcony.",
    "zh": "游行队伍经过我们的阳台时，孩子们挥动着旗帜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A cultural parade allows communities to celebrate their traditions and share them with people from different backgrounds.",
    "zh": "文化游行让各社区能够庆祝自身传统，并与不同背景的人分享这些传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a street parade｜街头游行",
   "a carnival parade｜嘉年华游行",
   "parade through the streets｜列队穿过街道"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "procession",
   "march"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "parade重在列队展示；抗议游行常用march。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "parade"
 },
 {
  "w": "beneficial",
  "uk": "/ˌbenɪˈfɪʃəl/",
  "us": "/ˌbenɪˈfɪʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有益的；有利的",
    "en": "Having a helpful or positive effect."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A short walk after lunch is beneficial for digestion.",
    "zh": "午饭后散一小会儿步有助于消化。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to green spaces is particularly beneficial to urban residents who have limited opportunities for outdoor exercise.",
    "zh": "对于户外锻炼机会有限的城市居民来说，能够使用绿地尤其有益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "beneficial effect｜有益影响",
   "beneficial to health｜有益健康",
   "mutually beneficial｜互利的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "benefit (n.)",
   "benefit (v.)",
   "beneficially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "helpful",
   "advantageous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "harmful",
   "detrimental"
  ],
  "tip": "常接to或for，说明对谁或哪方面有益。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beneficial"
 },
 {
  "w": "classic",
  "uk": "/ˈklæsɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈklæsɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "经典的；公认优秀的",
    "en": "Widely admired for lasting quality and value."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "典型的",
    "en": "Showing the most recognizable features of a particular kind."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经典作品",
    "en": "A work admired over time for its excellent quality."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a classic film together after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，我们一起看了一部经典电影。"
   },
   {
    "en": "This housing project is a classic example of how thoughtful design can improve urban life.",
    "zh": "这个住宅项目是精心设计如何改善城市生活的典型例子。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "classic example｜典型例子",
   "classic novel｜经典小说",
   "timeless classic｜永恒的经典"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "classical (adj.)",
   "classically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "classic指经典或典型；古典音乐用classical。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "classic"
 },
 {
  "w": "snore",
  "uk": "/snɔː/",
  "us": "/snɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打鼾；打呼噜",
    "en": "to breathe noisily through your nose and throat while sleeping"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鼾声",
    "en": "a noisy breath made by someone who is sleeping"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother snores so loudly that the dog leaves.",
    "zh": "我哥哥打呼噜太响，连狗都走开了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who snore regularly may benefit from medical advice, particularly if their breathing stops briefly during sleep.",
    "zh": "经常打鼾的人可能需要咨询医生，尤其是在睡眠中出现短暂呼吸暂停时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "snore loudly｜大声打鼾",
   "start snoring｜开始打鼾",
   "a loud snore｜一声响亮的鼾声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "snoring (n.)",
   "snorer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词通常不及物；snoring可指打鼾这一现象。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "snore"
 },
 {
  "w": "digest",
  "uk": "/daɪˈdʒest/",
  "us": "/daɪˈdʒest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "消化",
    "en": "Break down food inside the body so it can be used."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "理解；吸收信息",
    "en": "Think about information until you understand it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "摘要；文摘",
    "en": "A short collection of the main points from longer material."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My stomach finds heavy meals difficult to digest.",
    "zh": "我的胃很难消化油腻丰盛的饭菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students need sufficient time to digest complex information before applying it to unfamiliar problems.",
    "zh": "学生需要充足的时间理解复杂信息，然后才能将其用于解决陌生的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "digest food｜消化食物",
   "digest information｜理解信息",
   "a monthly digest｜月刊文摘"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "digestion (n.)",
   "digestive (adj.)",
   "digestible (adj.)",
   "indigestion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在首音节，读 /ˈdaɪdʒest/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "digest"
 },
 {
  "w": "motto",
  "uk": "/ˈmɒtəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːtoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "座右铭；格言",
    "en": "A short phrase expressing someone's guiding belief or purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother's motto was always to help others first.",
    "zh": "我祖母的座右铭是始终先帮助别人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A school's motto can express shared values, but daily teaching practices must also reflect those principles.",
    "zh": "学校的校训可以表达共同价值观，但日常教学实践也必须体现这些原则。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a personal motto｜个人座右铭",
   "a school motto｜校训",
   "adopt a motto｜采用一句格言"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "maxim"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "motto强调指导信念；slogan更常指宣传口号。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "motto"
 },
 {
  "w": "endure",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdjʊə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "忍受；承受",
    "en": "To suffer something difficult or unpleasant without giving up."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "持续；长存",
    "en": "To continue existing despite difficulties or the passage of time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We endured hours of noise while workers repaired the roof.",
    "zh": "工人修理屋顶时，我们忍受了几个小时的噪声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Communities in dry regions must endure prolonged water shortages as climate patterns become less predictable.",
    "zh": "随着气候模式变得更难预测，干旱地区的社区不得不承受长期缺水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "endure hardship｜忍受艰苦",
   "endure pain｜忍受疼痛",
   "endure for centuries｜延续数世纪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "endurance (n.)",
   "enduring (adj.)",
   "endurable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bear",
   "withstand",
   "last"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表“忍受”直接接宾语；表“持续”可不接宾语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "endure"
 },
 {
  "w": "dam",
  "uk": "/dæm/",
  "us": "/dæm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水坝",
    "en": "A barrier across a river that holds back water."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "在……筑坝；拦水",
    "en": "To block a river or stream with a barrier."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched water rushing through the gates of the dam.",
    "zh": "我们看着水从大坝的闸门中奔涌而出。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building a dam can provide renewable electricity, but it may also disrupt river ecosystems and displace communities.",
    "zh": "修建水坝可以提供可再生电力，但也可能扰乱河流生态系统并迫使居民搬迁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "build a dam｜修建水坝",
   "a hydroelectric dam｜水电站大坝",
   "dam a river｜在河上筑坝"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dam是拦水的坝；reservoir是蓄水的水库。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dam"
 },
 {
  "w": "sake",
  "uk": "/seɪk/",
  "us": "/seɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "利益；目的；缘故",
    "en": "Someone's benefit or the purpose behind an action."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We kept our voices down for the baby's sake.",
    "zh": "为了不打扰宝宝，我们压低了声音。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should protect natural habitats for the sake of future generations rather than prioritising short-term profits.",
    "zh": "政府应为子孙后代保护自然栖息地，而不是优先考虑短期利润。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "for someone's sake｜为了某人",
   "for the sake of｜为了……",
   "for the sake of clarity｜为表达清楚起见"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用于for the sake of或for someone's sake。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sake"
 },
 {
  "w": "groom",
  "uk": "/ɡruːm/",
  "us": "/ɡruːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "梳洗；梳理毛发",
    "en": "To clean and brush an animal or make yourself neat."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新郎",
    "en": "A man who is getting married or has just married."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "培养；使做好准备",
    "en": "To prepare someone for a particular role or responsibility."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We groom our pony every morning before riding.",
    "zh": "我们每天早上骑马前都会给小马梳毛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some organisations groom promising employees for leadership roles through structured training and regular mentoring.",
    "zh": "一些机构通过系统培训和定期指导，培养有潜力的员工担任领导职务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "groom a horse｜给马梳洗",
   "bride and groom｜新娘与新郎",
   "groom someone for leadership｜培养某人担任领导"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grooming (n.)",
   "well-groomed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "培养某人任职用groom someone for a role。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "groom"
 },
 {
  "w": "polar",
  "uk": "/ˈpəʊlə/",
  "us": "/ˈpoʊlər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极地的",
    "en": "Relating to the regions around the Earth's poles."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "完全相反的",
    "en": "Completely opposite in character, direction, or opinion."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a film about animals in polar regions.",
    "zh": "我们看了一部关于极地动物的影片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising global temperatures threaten polar ecosystems by reducing the sea ice that many species depend on.",
    "zh": "全球气温升高使许多物种赖以生存的海冰减少，威胁着极地生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "polar regions｜极地地区",
   "polar ice caps｜极地冰盖",
   "polar bear｜北极熊",
   "polar opposites｜截然相反的人或事物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pole (n.)",
   "polarity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "polar指两极地区；polar opposites表示截然相反。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "polar"
 },
 {
  "w": "delight",
  "uk": "/dɪˈlaɪt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈlaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "欣喜；快乐",
    "en": "a feeling of great pleasure or happiness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使欣喜；使高兴",
    "en": "to give someone great pleasure"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "令人愉快的事物",
    "en": "something or someone that gives great pleasure"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children squealed with delight when the puppy arrived.",
    "zh": "小狗一来，孩子们就高兴得尖叫起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public gardens can bring delight to city residents while providing valuable spaces for relaxation and social interaction.",
    "zh": "公共花园能给城市居民带来快乐，同时提供宝贵的休闲和社交空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "with delight｜欣喜地",
   "to someone's delight｜令某人高兴的是",
   "take delight in｜以…为乐",
   "delight in doing something｜乐于做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "delighted (adj.)",
   "delightful (adj.)",
   "delightfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "joy",
   "pleasure"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "displeasure"
  ],
  "tip": "delighted形容人感到高兴；delightful形容事物令人愉快。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "delight"
 },
 {
  "w": "uncertainty",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈsɜːtnti/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈsɝːtnti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不确定；无把握",
    "en": "a state of not knowing what is true or will happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不确定的因素",
    "en": "something that is unknown or cannot be predicted"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The delayed flight left us facing hours of uncertainty.",
    "zh": "航班延误让我们好几个小时都不知道接下来会怎样。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Economic uncertainty can discourage businesses from investing in new equipment or hiring additional staff.",
    "zh": "经济的不确定性可能使企业不愿投资新设备或增聘员工。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "economic uncertainty｜经济不确定性",
   "a period of uncertainty｜不确定的时期",
   "reduce uncertainty｜减少不确定性",
   "uncertainty about the future｜对未来的不确定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "uncertain (adj.)",
   "certain (adj.)",
   "certainty (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "doubt"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "certainty"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指不确定状态通常不可数；具体未知因素可用复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "uncertainty"
 },
 {
  "w": "hurrah",
  "uk": "/hʊˈrɑː/",
  "us": "/hʊˈrɑː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "int.",
    "zh": "好哇；万岁",
    "en": "Used to express happiness, excitement, or approval."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Hurrah, the rain has stopped and we can play outside!",
    "zh": "好哇，雨停了，我们可以出去玩了！"
   },
   {
    "en": "The volunteers shouted hurrah when they learned that their campaign had saved the local park.",
    "zh": "得知他们的行动保住了当地公园，志愿者们高声欢呼。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shout hurrah｜高声欢呼",
   "a final hurrah｜最后一次精彩表现"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "hooray"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与hooray意思相同；常独立使用，后接感叹号。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hurrah"
 },
 {
  "w": "renewable",
  "uk": "/rɪˈnjuːəbl/",
  "us": "/rɪˈnuːəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "（能源、资源）可再生的",
    "en": "Naturally replaced and therefore available for continued use."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可续期的",
    "en": "Able to be extended for another period of time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our new solar panels provide renewable energy for the house.",
    "zh": "我们新装的太阳能板为房子提供可再生能源。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in renewable energy can create jobs while reducing a country's dependence on imported fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "投资可再生能源可以创造就业机会，同时减少一个国家对进口化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "renewable energy｜可再生能源",
   "renewable resources｜可再生资源",
   "renewable sources｜可再生来源",
   "renewable contract｜可续期合同"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "renew (v.)",
   "renewal (n.)",
   "renewables (n.)",
   "non-renewable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "non-renewable"
  ],
  "tip": "名词renewables用复数，指可再生能源。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "renewable"
 },
 {
  "w": "sunshade",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌnʃeɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌnʃeɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "遮阳伞；遮阳篷",
    "en": "an object that blocks sunlight to provide shade"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We opened the sunshade above our garden table.",
    "zh": "我们撑开了花园桌子上方的遮阳伞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing a sunshade over each outdoor seating area can make public spaces more comfortable in summer.",
    "zh": "在每处户外座椅区上方安装遮阳设施，可以让公共空间在夏季更加舒适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "beach sunshade｜沙滩遮阳伞",
   "car sunshade｜汽车遮阳挡",
   "under a sunshade｜在遮阳伞下"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "parasol"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sunshade用于遮阳；umbrella通常指雨伞。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sunshade"
 },
 {
  "w": "removal",
  "uk": "/rɪˈmuːvəl/",
  "us": "/rɪˈmuːvəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "移除；清除",
    "en": "The act of taking something away from a place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "免职；撤职",
    "en": "The act of dismissing someone from an official position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "搬家；搬迁",
    "en": "The process of moving belongings to a new home."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Stain removal is easier if you act quickly.",
    "zh": "污渍如果及时处理，就更容易去除。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The removal of unnecessary packaging could significantly reduce the amount of household waste sent to landfill.",
    "zh": "去掉不必要的包装可以显著减少送往垃圾填埋场的生活垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "waste removal｜垃圾清运",
   "stain removal｜去除污渍",
   "removal from office｜免职",
   "removal company｜搬家公司"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "remove (v.)",
   "removable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "搬家义主要用于英式英语；搬家公司为removal company。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "removal"
 },
 {
  "w": "rotate",
  "uk": "/rəʊˈteɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈroʊteɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "旋转；使转动",
    "en": "to turn around a central point or axis"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "轮换；轮流",
    "en": "to change positions or duties in a regular order"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Rotate the pot so each side gets some sunlight.",
    "zh": "转动花盆，让每一面都能晒到阳光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some hospitals rotate staff between departments to broaden their experience and improve cooperation across medical teams.",
    "zh": "一些医院让员工在不同科室轮岗，以拓宽经验并改善医疗团队之间的合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rotate clockwise｜顺时针旋转",
   "rotate crops｜轮作",
   "rotate duties｜轮换职责"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rotation (n.)",
   "rotational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "turn",
   "revolve"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可及物也可不及物：rotate the wheel；the wheel rotates。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rotate"
 },
 {
  "w": "enthusiasm",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈθjuːziæzəm/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈθuːziæzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "热情；积极性",
    "en": "Strong interest and excitement about something you enjoy or value."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children showed real enthusiasm for planting their own vegetables.",
    "zh": "孩子们对亲手种菜表现出了真切的热情。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers who demonstrate enthusiasm for their subjects can motivate students to explore ideas beyond the classroom.",
    "zh": "教师对所教学科展现热情，能够激励学生在课堂之外探索新想法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enthusiasm for｜对……的热情",
   "with enthusiasm｜热情地",
   "generate enthusiasm｜激发热情",
   "lose enthusiasm｜失去热情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enthusiastic (adj.)",
   "enthusiastically (adv.)",
   "enthusiast (n.)",
   "enthuse (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "eagerness",
   "passion"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "apathy",
   "indifference"
  ],
  "tip": "对某事的热情用enthusiasm for，通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enthusiasm"
 },
 {
  "w": "sneak",
  "uk": "/sniːk/",
  "us": "/sniːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "偷偷溜行；潜行",
    "en": "move quietly and secretly to avoid being noticed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "偷偷拿取；偷偷做",
    "en": "take or do something secretly without permission"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I sneaked downstairs for water while everyone was asleep.",
    "zh": "大家都睡着时，我悄悄下楼去喝水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some students sneak phones into examinations, highlighting the need for clearer rules and stronger supervision.",
    "zh": "一些学生把手机偷偷带进考场，凸显了制定更明确规则和加强监督的必要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sneak out｜偷偷溜出去",
   "sneak into｜偷偷进入",
   "sneak a look｜偷看一眼",
   "sneak something past someone｜偷偷带某物瞒过某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sneaky (adj.)",
   "sneakily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式常用sneaked；美式英语也常用snuck。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sneak"
 },
 {
  "w": "throne",
  "uk": "/θrəʊn/",
  "us": "/θroʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "王座；宝座",
    "en": "A special chair used by a king or queen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "王位；王权",
    "en": "The position or power of a king or queen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The queen sat on a throne beside the window.",
    "zh": "女王坐在窗边的王座上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Her accession to the throne marked a significant change in the country's political relationship with its neighbours.",
    "zh": "她登基标志着该国与邻国的政治关系发生了重大变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sit on a throne｜坐在王座上",
   "ascend the throne｜登基",
   "heir to the throne｜王位继承人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "the throne可指王位，不一定指实体座椅。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "throne"
 },
 {
  "w": "downside",
  "uk": "/ˈdaʊnsaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈdaʊnsaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缺点；不利方面",
    "en": "a disadvantage or negative aspect of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The only downside of this flat is the noise.",
    "zh": "这套公寓唯一的缺点就是噪音。"
   },
   {
    "en": "One downside of remote working is that employees may have fewer opportunities to build strong professional relationships.",
    "zh": "远程办公的一个弊端是，员工建立稳固职业关系的机会可能减少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the downside of｜……的弊端",
   "a potential downside｜潜在的不利之处",
   "on the downside｜从不利方面看"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "disadvantage",
   "drawback"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "upside",
   "advantage"
  ],
  "tip": "常用the downside of/to sth，表示某事的弊端。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "downside"
 },
 {
  "w": "escort",
  "uk": "/ɪˈskɔːt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈskɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "护送；陪同",
    "en": "To accompany someone to guide or protect them"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "护送者；陪同人员",
    "en": "A person or group accompanying someone for protection or guidance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A staff member escorted us to the waiting room.",
    "zh": "一名工作人员陪同我们去了候诊室。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Trained volunteers can escort elderly residents to medical appointments, improving access to essential healthcare services.",
    "zh": "受过培训的志愿者可以陪同老年居民就医，从而改善他们获得基本医疗服务的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "escort someone to｜陪同某人前往",
   "a police escort｜警方护送人员",
   "under escort｜在护送下"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "accompany"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词重音在后；名词英/ˈeskɔːt/，美/ˈeskɔːrt/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "escort"
 },
 {
  "w": "transmit",
  "uk": "/trænzˈmɪt/",
  "us": "/trænzˈmɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "传输；发送",
    "en": "to send signals, information, or energy between places"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "传播；传染",
    "en": "to pass a disease from one living thing to another"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These tiny sensors transmit temperature readings to my phone.",
    "zh": "这些微型传感器把温度读数传送到我的手机上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved satellite networks can transmit vital information to remote communities during floods and other natural disasters.",
    "zh": "洪灾及其他自然灾害发生时，改进后的卫星网络能向偏远社区传送重要信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "transmit data｜传输数据",
   "transmit a signal｜发送信号",
   "transmit a virus｜传播病毒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transmission (n.)",
   "transmitter (n.)",
   "transmissible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "send",
   "relay"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式transmitted，进行式transmitting，均双写t。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transmit"
 },
 {
  "w": "identification",
  "uk": "/aɪˌdentɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/aɪˌdentɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "识别；鉴定",
    "en": "the process of establishing who or what someone or something is"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "身份证明",
    "en": "a document that proves who you are"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "认同；共鸣",
    "en": "a feeling of connection with another person or group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The receptionist asked me to show some identification.",
    "zh": "接待员请我出示身份证明。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early identification of learning difficulties allows schools to provide appropriate support before students fall behind.",
    "zh": "及早识别学习困难，能让学校在学生掉队之前提供适当的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "proof of identification｜身份证明",
   "species identification｜物种鉴定",
   "early identification｜早期识别",
   "identification with｜对……的认同"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "identify (v.)",
   "identifiable (adj.)",
   "identity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示身份证明时通常不可数，可简称 ID。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "identification"
 },
 {
  "w": "motion",
  "uk": "/ˈməʊʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈmoʊʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运动；移动",
    "en": "the act or process of moving"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动议；正式提议",
    "en": "a formal proposal discussed and voted on at a meeting"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用动作示意",
    "en": "to signal something using a movement of your hand or head"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The gentle motion of the boat made me sleepy.",
    "zh": "小船轻轻摇晃，让我昏昏欲睡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The council passed a motion to improve public transport and reduce traffic in residential areas.",
    "zh": "议会通过了一项动议，旨在改善公共交通并减少住宅区的车流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in motion｜运动中",
   "set in motion｜使启动",
   "pass a motion｜通过动议",
   "motion to someone｜向某人示意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "motionless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动议可用pass或reject；in motion表示在运动中。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "motion"
 },
 {
  "w": "madness",
  "uk": "/ˈmædnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈmædnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疯狂；极其愚蠢的行为",
    "en": "Extremely foolish, unreasonable, or dangerous behaviour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "精神失常",
    "en": "An old-fashioned term for severe mental illness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Driving through this thick fog would be absolute madness.",
    "zh": "在这么浓的雾里开车简直是胡来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Critics described the destruction of healthy forests for temporary economic gains as environmental madness.",
    "zh": "批评者认为，为短期经济利益而破坏健康森林是环境领域的疯狂之举。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "absolute madness｜完全是胡闹",
   "sheer madness｜极其愚蠢",
   "a moment of madness｜一时冲动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mad (adj.)",
   "madly (adv.)",
   "madden (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "insanity",
   "folly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sanity"
  ],
  "tip": "指精神疾病的用法陈旧且可能冒犯，避免用于诊断。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "madness"
 },
 {
  "w": "unaware",
  "uk": "/ˌʌnəˈweə/",
  "us": "/ˌʌnəˈwer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不知道的；未察觉的",
    "en": "Not knowing or noticing that something exists or is happening."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was unaware that my umbrella was still outside.",
    "zh": "我没意识到自己的伞还在外面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many consumers remain unaware of the environmental damage caused by the production of cheap clothing.",
    "zh": "许多消费者仍不了解廉价服装生产造成的环境破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unaware of｜未察觉到",
   "completely unaware｜完全不知情",
   "remain unaware｜仍不知情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aware (adj.)",
   "awareness (n.)",
   "unawareness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "oblivious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "aware"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be unaware of或be unaware that从句。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unaware"
 },
 {
  "w": "peer",
  "uk": "/pɪə/",
  "us": "/pɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "同龄人；同等地位者",
    "en": "Someone of similar age, status, or ability"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "仔细看；费力地看",
    "en": "To look carefully, especially when something is difficult to see"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英国贵族",
    "en": "A person holding a British noble title"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She peered through the window to see the kitten.",
    "zh": "她透过窗户仔细看，想看清那只小猫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students often gain confidence when they receive constructive feedback from their peers during collaborative classroom activities.",
    "zh": "学生在课堂合作活动中得到同伴的建设性反馈时，往往会增强信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "peer pressure｜同伴压力",
   "peer review｜同行评审",
   "peer group｜同龄群体",
   "peer through｜透过……仔细看"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "peerage (n.)",
   "peerless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "equal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词常用复数peers；动词常接through、at或into。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "peer"
 },
 {
  "w": "defence",
  "uk": "/dɪˈfens/",
  "us": "/dɪˈfens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "防御；保护",
    "en": "Action taken to protect someone or something from attack or harm."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "辩护；答辩",
    "en": "An argument or explanation supporting someone accused or criticized."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "防守；防守队员",
    "en": "Players or actions that stop opponents from scoring in sport."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The thick walls provided a strong defence against attackers.",
    "zh": "厚实的城墙为抵御进攻者提供了坚固的屏障。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring coastal wetlands offers a natural defence against flooding while creating valuable habitats for wildlife.",
    "zh": "恢复沿海湿地既能形成防洪的天然屏障，也能为野生动物创造宝贵的栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "defence against｜对……的防御",
   "in defence of｜为……辩护",
   "self-defence｜自卫",
   "defence spending｜国防开支"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "defend (v.)",
   "defender (n.)",
   "defensive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "protection"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "attack"
  ],
  "tip": "英式拼写 defence；美式拼写 defense。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "defence"
 },
 {
  "w": "diameter",
  "uk": "/daɪˈæmɪtə/",
  "us": "/daɪˈæmɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "直径",
    "en": "a straight line through a circle's centre joining opposite edges"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The round cake measures thirty centimetres in diameter.",
    "zh": "这个圆蛋糕的直径是三十厘米。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers must calculate the diameter of water pipes carefully to ensure an adequate supply to growing cities.",
    "zh": "工程师必须仔细计算水管直径，以确保不断扩张的城市有充足的供水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in diameter｜直径为",
   "measure the diameter｜测量直径",
   "internal diameter｜内径",
   "external diameter｜外径"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "直径是diameter，半径是radius；尺寸后常接in diameter。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diameter"
 },
 {
  "w": "senior",
  "uk": "/ˈsiːniə/",
  "us": "/ˈsiːniər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "高级的；资深的",
    "en": "Having a higher rank or more experience within an organisation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "年长的；老年人的",
    "en": "Older than someone else, or relating to older people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "毕业班学生；老年人",
    "en": "A final-year school or college student, or an older adult."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A senior nurse showed me how to change the bandage.",
    "zh": "一位资深护士教我如何更换绷带。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Senior managers should consult employees before introducing policies that significantly affect working conditions across the organisation.",
    "zh": "高层管理人员在推行显著影响整个机构工作条件的政策前，应征求员工意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "senior management｜高级管理层",
   "a senior position｜高级职位",
   "senior citizen｜老年人",
   "senior to someone｜级别高于某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "seniority (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "junior"
  ],
  "tip": "比较级别用senior to，不用senior than。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "senior"
 },
 {
  "w": "activate",
  "uk": "/ˈæktɪveɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈæktɪveɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "激活；启动",
    "en": "Make a device, system, or process start working."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Press this button to activate the outdoor lights.",
    "zh": "按这个按钮就能打开室外的灯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Smart sensors can activate ventilation systems automatically when indoor air quality falls below acceptable levels.",
    "zh": "当室内空气质量降至可接受水平以下时，智能传感器可以自动启动通风系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "activate an account｜激活账户",
   "activate an alarm｜触发警报",
   "activate a system｜启动系统"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "activation (n.)",
   "active (adj.)",
   "deactivate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "trigger",
   "switch on"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "deactivate"
  ],
  "tip": "强调使设备或系统开始运作；反义词为deactivate。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "activate"
 },
 {
  "w": "attribute",
  "uk": "/əˈtrɪbjuːt/",
  "us": "/əˈtrɪbjuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把…归因于；认为是…所作",
    "en": "To regard something as caused or created by someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "特征；属性",
    "en": "A quality or feature of a person or thing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She attributes her good health to daily walks.",
    "zh": "她把自己的健康归功于每天散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers attribute the decline in local air pollution to stricter controls on industrial emissions.",
    "zh": "研究人员将当地空气污染的减少归因于对工业排放更严格的管控。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attribute success to｜把成功归因于",
   "be attributed to｜被归因于",
   "a key attribute｜一个关键特征"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attribution (n.)",
   "attributable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ascribe",
   "quality"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "attribute A to B指把A归因于B；名词重音在首音节。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attribute"
 },
 {
  "w": "multifunction",
  "uk": "/ˌmʌltiˈfʌŋkʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌmʌltiˈfʌŋkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多功能的",
    "en": "Designed to perform several different tasks."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our multifunction printer can scan documents and make copies.",
    "zh": "我们的多功能打印机可以扫描文件和复印。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Multifunction devices can help small businesses save office space by combining several essential services in one machine.",
    "zh": "多功能设备将几种必要功能集于一机，可以帮助小企业节省办公空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a multifunction printer｜多功能打印机",
   "a multifunction device｜多功能设备",
   "a multifunction display｜多功能显示屏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "function (n.)",
   "function (v.)",
   "functional (adj.)",
   "multifunctional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "multifunctional",
   "multipurpose"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "single-purpose"
  ],
  "tip": "作形容词，常放设备名词前；也可用multifunctional。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "multifunction"
 },
 {
  "w": "sympathize",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪmpəθaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪmpəθaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "同情；体谅",
    "en": "To understand and care about someone's suffering or difficulties."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赞同；支持",
    "en": "To agree with someone's ideas, aims, or position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I sympathize with you; losing a pet is painful.",
    "zh": "我很理解你的感受；失去宠物确实令人难过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many residents sympathize with workers demanding better conditions, although they find the transport strike inconvenient.",
    "zh": "许多居民支持工人改善工作条件的诉求，尽管他们觉得交通罢工带来了不便。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sympathize with someone｜同情某人",
   "sympathize with a cause｜支持某项事业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sympathy (n.)",
   "sympathetic (adj.)",
   "sympathetically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不直接接宾语：用 sympathize with；英式也拼 sympathise。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sympathize"
 },
 {
  "w": "steadily",
  "uk": "/ˈstedɪli/",
  "us": "/ˈstedɪli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "持续而平稳地",
    "en": "At a regular rate, without sudden changes or interruptions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "稳稳地",
    "en": "In a controlled way, without shaking or losing balance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Rain fell steadily as we walked back from the station.",
    "zh": "我们从车站走回来时，雨一直不停地下着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proportion of households using renewable electricity has risen steadily over the past decade.",
    "zh": "过去十年间，使用可再生能源电力的家庭比例持续平稳上升。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rise steadily｜稳步上升",
   "decline steadily｜持续下降",
   "grow steadily｜稳步增长",
   "work steadily｜持续有条不紊地工作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "steady (adj.)",
   "steady (v.)",
   "steadiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "consistently"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "erratically"
  ],
  "tip": "图表写作常用rise steadily，指平稳上升而非猛增。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "steadily"
 },
 {
  "w": "protein",
  "uk": "/ˈprəʊtiːn/",
  "us": "/ˈproʊtiːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蛋白质",
    "en": "A nutrient needed for growth and repair of body tissues."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These beans add protein to our vegetable soup.",
    "zh": "这些豆子为我们的蔬菜汤增添了蛋白质。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A balanced plant-based diet can provide sufficient protein when it includes varied sources such as beans and nuts.",
    "zh": "均衡的植物性饮食如果包含豆类和坚果等多样化来源，就能提供充足的蛋白质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "high in protein｜富含蛋白质",
   "a source of protein｜蛋白质来源",
   "plant protein｜植物蛋白",
   "protein intake｜蛋白质摄入量"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作营养物质通常不可数；指不同种类时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "protein"
 },
 {
  "w": "logic",
  "uk": "/ˈlɒdʒɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈlɑːdʒɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "逻辑；推理方式",
    "en": "Reasoning that connects ideas in a clear, consistent way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "逻辑学",
    "en": "The study of rules for reasoning correctly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I understand the logic behind your plan to save money.",
    "zh": "我理解你这个省钱计划背后的思路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The logic behind investing in public transport is that fewer cars can reduce urban congestion.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通的逻辑是，减少汽车数量可以缓解城市拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the logic behind something｜某事背后的逻辑",
   "sound logic｜严密的逻辑",
   "flawed logic｜有缺陷的逻辑",
   "formal logic｜形式逻辑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "logical (adj.)",
   "logically (adv.)",
   "illogical (adj.)",
   "logician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reasoning"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；the logic behind表示背后的道理。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "logic"
 },
 {
  "w": "radiation",
  "uk": "/ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "辐射；辐射能",
    "en": "Energy travelling through space or matter as waves or particles."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "放射治疗",
    "en": "Medical treatment using radiation to destroy cancer cells."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This special glass blocks much of the sun's ultraviolet radiation.",
    "zh": "这种特殊玻璃能阻挡大部分太阳紫外线辐射。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Workers in nuclear facilities require protective equipment and regular monitoring to limit their exposure to radiation.",
    "zh": "核设施工作人员需要防护装备和定期监测，以限制其受到的辐射照射。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ultraviolet radiation｜紫外线辐射",
   "exposure to radiation｜受到辐射照射",
   "radiation therapy｜放射治疗",
   "solar radiation｜太阳辐射"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "radiate (v.)",
   "radioactive (adj.)",
   "radioactivity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；辐射不只指核辐射，也包括阳光。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "radiation"
 },
 {
  "w": "specialised",
  "uk": "/ˈspeʃəlaɪzd/",
  "us": "/ˈspeʃəlaɪzd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "专业的；专用的",
    "en": "Designed for a particular purpose or requiring specific expert knowledge."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic used specialised tools to repair my bicycle.",
    "zh": "修理工用专用工具修好了我的自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hospitals need specialised equipment and trained staff to provide effective treatment for patients with complex conditions.",
    "zh": "医院需要专用设备和受过训练的人员，才能为病情复杂的患者提供有效治疗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "specialised equipment｜专用设备",
   "specialised knowledge｜专业知识",
   "specialised training｜专业培训",
   "highly specialised｜高度专业化的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "specialise (v.)",
   "specialisation (n.)",
   "specialist (n.)",
   "special (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "general"
  ],
  "tip": "英式常用specialised，美式常用specialized。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "specialised"
 },
 {
  "w": "pine",
  "uk": "/paɪn/",
  "us": "/paɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "松树；松木",
    "en": "An evergreen tree with needles, or the wood it produces."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "苦苦思念；憔悴",
    "en": "Long deeply for someone or something, sometimes becoming weak."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We rested beneath a tall pine after lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭后，我们在一棵高大的松树下休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting pine trees can support timber production, but diverse native forests generally provide richer wildlife habitats.",
    "zh": "种植松树可以支持木材生产，但树种多样的原生森林通常能提供更丰富的野生动物栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pine forest｜松林",
   "pine cone｜松果",
   "pine for someone｜苦苦思念某人",
   "pine away｜因思念而日渐憔悴"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pine for表示渴望或思念；pine away指日渐憔悴。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pine"
 },
 {
  "w": "folk",
  "uk": "/fəʊk/",
  "us": "/foʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人们",
    "en": "People, especially those belonging to a particular group."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "民间的；传统的",
    "en": "Connected with the traditional culture of ordinary people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "民间音乐；民谣",
    "en": "Music rooted in the traditions of a community."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Local folk gather here to chat every evening.",
    "zh": "当地人每晚都聚在这里聊天。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional folk music can help younger generations understand the cultural heritage of their communities.",
    "zh": "传统民间音乐能帮助年轻一代理解自己社区的文化遗产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local folk｜当地人",
   "folk music｜民间音乐",
   "folk tale｜民间故事",
   "folk dance｜民间舞蹈"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "folklore (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "people"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指人们时用复数动词；my folks口语指父母。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "folk"
 },
 {
  "w": "discipline",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪsəplɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪsəplɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纪律；自律",
    "en": "Controlled behaviour achieved by following rules or managing yourself."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学科",
    "en": "A particular field of study or knowledge."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "惩戒；训练自律",
    "en": "To punish misconduct or train someone to follow rules."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Practising the piano every morning takes patience and discipline.",
    "zh": "每天早晨练钢琴需要耐心和自律。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities increasingly encourage collaboration between researchers from different disciplines to address complex environmental challenges.",
    "zh": "大学越来越鼓励不同学科的研究人员开展合作，以应对复杂的环境挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "self-discipline｜自律",
   "maintain discipline｜维持纪律",
   "academic discipline｜学科",
   "discipline yourself to do something｜约束自己做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disciplined (adj.)",
   "disciplinary (adj.)",
   "self-discipline (n.)",
   "undisciplined (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示纪律通常不可数；表示学科时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "discipline"
 },
 {
  "w": "terrace",
  "uk": "/ˈterəs/",
  "us": "/ˈterəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "露台；室外平台",
    "en": "a flat outdoor area beside a building for sitting"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "梯田；阶地",
    "en": "a flat strip of land cut into a slope"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一排连栋房屋",
    "en": "a row of houses joined by shared side walls"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had breakfast on the terrace overlooking the garden.",
    "zh": "我们在俯瞰花园的露台上吃了早餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers maintain each terrace carefully to reduce soil erosion and grow crops on steep mountain slopes.",
    "zh": "农民精心维护每一级梯田，以减少水土流失，并在陡峭的山坡上种植作物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a roof terrace｜屋顶露台",
   "a sunny terrace｜阳光充足的露台",
   "rice terraces｜水稻梯田",
   "a terrace of houses｜一排连栋房屋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "terraced (adj.)",
   "terracing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "露台通常是较大的室外平台，不等同于balcony。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "terrace"
 },
 {
  "w": "forefinger",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːfɪŋɡə/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrfɪŋɡɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "食指",
    "en": "The finger next to the thumb."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She pressed the doorbell gently with her forefinger.",
    "zh": "她用食指轻轻按了门铃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Participants used their forefinger to press a button whenever they noticed a change on the screen.",
    "zh": "参与者每当注意到屏幕上出现变化时，就用食指按下按钮。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thumb and forefinger｜拇指和食指",
   "right forefinger｜右手食指",
   "tip of the forefinger｜食指尖"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "index finger"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与index finger同义，都是紧挨拇指的食指。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "forefinger"
 },
 {
  "w": "anxiously",
  "uk": "/ˈæŋkʃəsli/",
  "us": "/ˈæŋkʃəsli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "焦虑地；担忧地",
    "en": "In a worried or nervous way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "急切地",
    "en": "With a strong desire for something to happen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He waited anxiously outside while the vet examined his cat.",
    "zh": "兽医检查他的猫时，他在外面焦急地等候。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many graduates anxiously await job offers as competition for entry-level positions continues to increase.",
    "zh": "随着初级岗位的竞争持续加剧，许多毕业生焦急地等待录用通知。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wait anxiously｜焦急地等待",
   "look anxiously at｜担忧地看着",
   "anxiously await｜急切地等候"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "anxious (adj.)",
   "anxiety (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "nervously",
   "uneasily"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calmly"
  ],
  "tip": "常含担忧色彩；纯粹高兴地期待多用eagerly。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anxiously"
 },
 {
  "w": "boundary",
  "uk": "/ˈbaʊndəri/",
  "us": "/ˈbaʊndəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "边界；分界线",
    "en": "A line marking where one area ends and another begins"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "界限；限度",
    "en": "A limit defining acceptable behaviour or the scope of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A low stone wall marks the boundary of our garden.",
    "zh": "一道低矮的石墙标出了我们花园的边界。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear boundaries between work and personal life can protect employees' mental health and reduce long-term stress.",
    "zh": "明确工作与个人生活的界限，可以保护员工的心理健康并减轻长期压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a national boundary｜国界",
   "set boundaries｜设定界限",
   "cross a boundary｜越过边界",
   "push the boundaries｜突破界限"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "border",
   "limit"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "boundary 强调分界；border 常用于国家或地区边界。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "boundary"
 },
 {
  "w": "rebuild",
  "uk": "/ˌriːˈbɪld/",
  "us": "/ˌriːˈbɪld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "重建；重新建造",
    "en": "to build something again after damage or destruction"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "恢复；重建关系或信心",
    "en": "to make something strong or successful again"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We plan to rebuild the garden wall this weekend.",
    "zh": "我们打算这周末重建花园围墙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "After severe flooding, local authorities must rebuild essential infrastructure and help affected communities recover.",
    "zh": "严重洪灾过后，地方政府必须重建重要基础设施，帮助受灾社区恢复。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rebuild a house｜重建房屋",
   "rebuild trust｜重建信任",
   "rebuild the economy｜重振经济"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "build (v.)",
   "builder (n.)",
   "rebuilding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reconstruct",
   "restore"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "demolish"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为 rebuilt。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rebuild"
 },
 {
  "w": "detergent",
  "uk": "/dɪˈtɜːdʒənt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈtɜːrdʒənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洗涤剂；去污剂",
    "en": "a substance used with water to clean clothes or surfaces"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I added detergent before starting the washing machine.",
    "zh": "我在启动洗衣机之前加入了洗涤剂。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using excessive detergent wastes money and may increase the amount of chemicals entering local waterways.",
    "zh": "使用过量洗涤剂既浪费钱，也可能增加进入当地水道的化学物质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "laundry detergent｜洗衣剂",
   "liquid detergent｜液体洗涤剂",
   "mild detergent｜温和洗涤剂"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cleaning agent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指洗涤剂时通常不可数；指种类时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "detergent"
 },
 {
  "w": "freelance",
  "uk": "/ˈfriːlɑːns/",
  "us": "/ˈfriːlæns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自由职业的",
    "en": "Working independently for different clients rather than one employer"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "以自由职业方式",
    "en": "Independently, for different clients rather than one employer"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "从事自由职业",
    "en": "To work independently, offering services to different clients"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister is a freelance designer who works from home.",
    "zh": "我姐姐是一名在家工作的自由设计师。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Freelance work offers flexibility, but workers may struggle to maintain a stable income without regular contracts.",
    "zh": "自由职业提供了灵活性，但没有固定合同，从业者可能难以维持稳定收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "freelance writer｜自由撰稿人",
   "work freelance｜从事自由职业",
   "freelance work｜自由职业工作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "freelancer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "self-employed"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "work freelance中作副词；freelancer是自由职业者。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "freelance"
 },
 {
  "w": "horizon",
  "uk": "/həˈraɪzən/",
  "us": "/həˈraɪzən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地平线",
    "en": "The line where the sky seems to meet land or sea."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "眼界；见识范围",
    "en": "The limits of someone's knowledge, experience, or interests."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a small boat disappear beyond the horizon.",
    "zh": "我们看着一条小船消失在地平线之外。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying abroad can broaden students' horizons by exposing them to unfamiliar customs and different approaches to learning.",
    "zh": "留学能让学生接触陌生的习俗和不同的学习方式，从而拓宽眼界。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on the horizon｜在地平线上；即将发生",
   "broaden your horizons｜拓宽眼界",
   "beyond the horizon｜在地平线之外"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示眼界通常用复数：broaden your horizons。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "horizon"
 },
 {
  "w": "dimension",
  "uk": "/daɪˈmenʃən/",
  "us": "/daɪˈmenʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方面；层面",
    "en": "A particular aspect of a situation, problem, or experience."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尺寸；大小",
    "en": "A measurement of something, such as its length or width."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "维；维度",
    "en": "An independent direction of measurement, such as length, width, or height."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cooking together added a new dimension to our friendship.",
    "zh": "一起做饭让我们的友谊有了新的层面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planning has a social dimension, since the design of neighbourhoods can influence how frequently residents interact.",
    "zh": "城市规划具有社会层面，因为社区设计会影响居民互动的频率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a social dimension｜社会层面",
   "add a new dimension｜增添新层面",
   "physical dimensions｜实际尺寸",
   "in three dimensions｜以三维形式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dimensional (adj.)",
   "multidimensional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "aspect",
   "facet"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示长宽高等具体尺寸时，通常用复数dimensions。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dimension"
 },
 {
  "w": "thus",
  "uk": "/ðʌs/",
  "us": "/ðʌs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "因此；从而",
    "en": "As a result of what has just been stated"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "如此；以这种方式",
    "en": "In this way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The road was flooded; thus, we took another route.",
    "zh": "道路被淹了，因此我们改走了另一条路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved public transport can reduce dependence on private cars, thus lowering emissions and easing urban congestion.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通可以减少对私家车的依赖，从而降低排放并缓解城市拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thus reducing costs｜从而降低成本",
   "thus enabling｜从而使……成为可能",
   "thus far｜迄今为止"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "therefore",
   "hence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "thus是副词，不能仅用逗号连接两个独立句。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thus"
 },
 {
  "w": "textile",
  "uk": "/ˈtekstaɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈtekstaɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纺织品；织物",
    "en": "cloth made by weaving, knitting, or other fibre processing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "纺织的",
    "en": "relating to cloth or its production"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The market stall sells colourful textiles for making curtains.",
    "zh": "这个市场摊位出售用来做窗帘的彩色织物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The textile industry can reduce water pollution by adopting cleaner production methods and treating wastewater effectively.",
    "zh": "纺织业可以采用更清洁的生产方式并有效处理废水，从而减少水污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "textile industry｜纺织业",
   "textile production｜纺织品生产",
   "textile waste｜纺织废料",
   "textile factory｜纺织厂"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "fabric",
   "cloth"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示各类纺织品时常用复数textiles。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "textile"
 },
 {
  "w": "craftsman",
  "uk": "/ˈkrɑːftsmən/",
  "us": "/ˈkræftsmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工匠；手艺人",
    "en": "A skilled person, especially a man, who makes things by hand."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The craftsman carved a wooden bird for the display.",
    "zh": "那位工匠雕了一只木鸟用于展示。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Supporting local craftsmen can preserve traditional skills while providing communities with sustainable sources of income.",
    "zh": "支持当地手艺人既能保护传统技艺，也能为社区提供可持续的收入来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a skilled craftsman｜技艺娴熟的工匠",
   "a master craftsman｜工艺大师",
   "a traditional craftsman｜传统手艺人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "craft (n.)",
   "craftsmanship (n.)",
   "craftswoman (n.)",
   "craftsperson (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "artisan"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为craftsmen；性别中性表达可用craftsperson。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "craftsman"
 },
 {
  "w": "emit",
  "uk": "/ɪˈmɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈmɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "排放；发出",
    "en": "to release gas, heat, light, or sound"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These small lamps emit a soft, warm light.",
    "zh": "这些小灯发出柔和温暖的光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Factories that emit harmful gases should install cleaner technology to reduce their impact on public health.",
    "zh": "排放有害气体的工厂应安装更清洁的技术设备，以减少对公众健康的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "emit light｜发光",
   "emit radiation｜释放辐射",
   "emit greenhouse gases｜排放温室气体"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "emission (n.)",
   "emitter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "release",
   "give off"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式 emitted，进行式 emitting，均双写 t。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "emit"
 },
 {
  "w": "impatience",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpeɪʃns/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpeɪʃns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不耐烦；焦躁",
    "en": "annoyance caused by waiting, delays, or other people's behaviour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "急切；迫不及待",
    "en": "a strong desire for something to happen soon"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She tapped her foot with impatience as the queue stalled.",
    "zh": "队伍停滞不前，她不耐烦地用脚轻敲地面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing impatience with unreliable public transport may encourage commuters to use private cars, increasing urban congestion.",
    "zh": "人们对不可靠的公共交通日益不耐烦，可能促使通勤者转而使用私家车，加剧城市拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "impatience with delays｜对延误的不耐烦",
   "show impatience｜显出不耐烦",
   "growing impatience｜日益强烈的焦躁",
   "with impatience｜急切地；不耐烦地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "impatient (adj.)",
   "impatiently (adv.)",
   "patience (n.)",
   "patient (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "restlessness",
   "eagerness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "patience"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；对某人或事不耐烦常接with。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "impatience"
 },
 {
  "w": "organic",
  "uk": "/ɔːˈɡænɪk/",
  "us": "/ɔːrˈɡænɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有机种植的；有机的",
    "en": "produced without artificial fertilizers or most synthetic pesticides"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有机物的；生物体的",
    "en": "relating to living things or carbon-based substances"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自然发展的",
    "en": "developing gradually and naturally rather than through outside intervention"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She buys organic carrots from a nearby farm.",
    "zh": "她从附近的农场购买有机胡萝卜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Organic farming can support biodiversity, although its lower yields may require more land for food production.",
    "zh": "有机农业有助于维持生物多样性，但其较低的产量可能意味着粮食生产需要更多土地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "organic food｜有机食品",
   "organic farming｜有机农业",
   "organic matter｜有机物",
   "organic growth｜自然增长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "organically (adv.)",
   "inorganic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "inorganic"
  ],
  "tip": "食品语境指有机生产；化学语境通常指含碳化合物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "organic"
 },
 {
  "w": "dismiss",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈmɪs/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈmɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "不予考虑；不理会",
    "en": "to decide something is not worth considering"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "解雇；开除",
    "en": "to officially remove someone from their job"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "让离开；解散",
    "en": "to tell someone or a group they may leave"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Don't dismiss her idea before you hear the details.",
    "zh": "听完细节之前，别急着否定她的想法。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should not dismiss public concerns about the long-term environmental effects of industrial expansion.",
    "zh": "政府不应忽视公众对工业扩张长期环境影响的担忧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dismiss concerns｜不理会担忧",
   "dismiss an idea｜否定想法",
   "dismiss someone from a job｜解雇某人",
   "dismiss something as irrelevant｜认为某事无关而不予考虑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dismissal (n.)",
   "dismissive (adj.)",
   "dismissively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reject"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "consider"
  ],
  "tip": "dismiss A as B：认为A是B而不予考虑。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dismiss"
 },
 {
  "w": "immigration",
  "uk": "/ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "移民入境；移居",
    "en": "The process of entering another country to live there."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "入境检查；入境检查处",
    "en": "The official checks or checkpoint for people entering a country."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We showed our passports at immigration after the flight.",
    "zh": "下飞机后，我们在入境检查处出示了护照。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Immigration can help address labour shortages, particularly when newcomers receive language training and employment support.",
    "zh": "移民可以帮助缓解劳动力短缺，尤其是在新移民获得语言培训和就业支持的情况下。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "immigration policy｜移民政策",
   "immigration control｜入境管制",
   "immigration officer｜入境事务官员",
   "go through immigration｜接受入境检查"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "immigrate (v.)",
   "immigrant (n.)",
   "migration (n.)",
   "emigration (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "emigration"
  ],
  "tip": "immigration强调迁入；emigration强调迁出。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "immigration"
 },
 {
  "w": "stake",
  "uk": "/steɪk/",
  "us": "/steɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "利益关系；股份",
    "en": "a financial share or personal interest in something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "桩；尖头木棍",
    "en": "a pointed post driven into the ground"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "以……冒险；押上",
    "en": "to risk money or something valuable on an outcome"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She bought a small stake in her sister's bakery.",
    "zh": "她购买了姐姐那家面包店的一小部分股份。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents have a stake in urban planning because development decisions directly affect their quality of life.",
    "zh": "居民与城市规划有切身利益关系，因为开发决策会直接影响他们的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a stake in｜在……中的权益",
   "at stake｜处于危险中",
   "stake a claim｜主张权利",
   "stake your reputation on｜以声誉赌……"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stakeholder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "have a stake in指有利益关系；at stake指面临风险。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stake"
 },
 {
  "w": "forth",
  "uk": "/fɔːθ/",
  "us": "/fɔːrθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向前；向外",
    "en": "Forward or out from a place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitten ran back and forth across the kitchen.",
    "zh": "小猫在厨房里来回跑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents put forth several practical proposals to improve public transport without increasing costs significantly.",
    "zh": "居民提出了几项切实可行的建议，以在不大幅增加成本的情况下改善公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "back and forth｜来回地",
   "put forth a proposal｜提出建议",
   "set forth｜阐述；出发",
   "and so forth｜等等"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "forward",
   "onward"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "backward"
  ],
  "tip": "常见于固定搭配；勿与表示“第四”的fourth混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "forth"
 },
 {
  "w": "volt",
  "uk": "/vəʊlt/",
  "us": "/voʊlt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "伏特（电压单位）",
    "en": "A unit used to measure electrical potential difference"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small battery supplies just one and a half volts.",
    "zh": "这节小电池只能提供一点五伏的电压。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers measure electrical potential difference in volts when designing safe and efficient systems for homes and factories.",
    "zh": "工程师为住宅和工厂设计安全高效的系统时，用伏特来计量电势差。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "measure in volts｜以伏特计量",
   "a twelve-volt battery｜十二伏电池",
   "a voltage of five volts｜五伏电压"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "voltage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "伏特衡量电压；瓦特 watt 衡量功率。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "volt"
 },
 {
  "w": "fertilizer",
  "uk": "/ˈfɜːtəlaɪzə/",
  "us": "/ˈfɝːtəlaɪzər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肥料",
    "en": "a substance added to soil to help plants grow"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We added fertilizer to help the tomato plants grow.",
    "zh": "我们施了肥，帮助番茄植株生长。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive use of chemical fertilizer can pollute nearby rivers and damage the ecosystems that depend on them.",
    "zh": "过量使用化肥会污染附近河流，破坏依赖这些河流的生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chemical fertilizer｜化肥",
   "organic fertilizer｜有机肥",
   "apply fertilizer｜施肥"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fertilize (v.)",
   "fertile (adj.)",
   "fertility (n.)",
   "fertilization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也拼作fertiliser；泛指肥料时常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fertilizer"
 },
 {
  "w": "publication",
  "uk": "/ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "出版；发表",
    "en": "The process of making written material available to the public."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "出版物",
    "en": "A book, magazine, or other work made available to readers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her first cookbook is ready for publication next month.",
    "zh": "她的第一本食谱已准备好，将于下月出版。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The publication of research findings allows other scientists to evaluate the evidence and develop new theories.",
    "zh": "研究成果的发表让其他科学家能够评估证据并提出新理论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "publication date｜出版日期",
   "publication of findings｜研究结果的发表",
   "academic publication｜学术出版物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "publish (v.)",
   "publisher (n.)",
   "published (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指出版行为时不可数；指具体出版物时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "publication"
 },
 {
  "w": "beam",
  "uk": "/biːm/",
  "us": "/biːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "光束；射束",
    "en": "a narrow stream of light or other energy"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "梁；横梁",
    "en": "a long, strong piece supporting a roof or floor"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "笑容满面",
    "en": "to smile with obvious happiness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A beam of sunlight fell across the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "一束阳光洒在厨房的桌子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers used steel beams to strengthen the old bridge and improve safety for local residents.",
    "zh": "工程师用钢梁加固旧桥，提高当地居民的通行安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a beam of light｜一束光",
   "steel beam｜钢梁",
   "beam with pride｜自豪地满面笑容"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "光束和横梁都可数；beam at sb指对某人笑容满面。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beam"
 },
 {
  "w": "await",
  "uk": "/əˈweɪt/",
  "us": "/əˈweɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "等待；期待",
    "en": "To wait for someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "即将发生于；等待着",
    "en": "To be ready or likely to happen to someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We eagerly await the arrival of our new puppy.",
    "zh": "我们热切地等待着新来的小狗到家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many graduates await job offers while developing additional skills through voluntary work and online courses.",
    "zh": "许多毕业生在等待录用通知期间，通过志愿工作和在线课程学习更多技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "await a decision｜等待决定",
   "eagerly await｜热切期待",
   "await confirmation｜等待确认",
   "challenges await｜挑战在前方等待"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "wait for"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较正式，直接接宾语；不要写await for。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "await"
 },
 {
  "w": "weakness",
  "uk": "/ˈwiːknəs/",
  "us": "/ˈwiːknəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "弱点；不足",
    "en": "a feature that makes someone or something less effective"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "虚弱；无力",
    "en": "a lack of physical strength or energy"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "特别喜爱；嗜好",
    "en": "a strong liking that is difficult to resist"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My main weakness in cooking is getting the timing right.",
    "zh": "我做饭的主要短板是掌握不好时间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The recent transport disruption exposed a serious weakness in the city's emergency planning system.",
    "zh": "最近的交通中断暴露了该市应急规划体系中的一个严重弱点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strengths and weaknesses｜优点与缺点",
   "muscle weakness｜肌肉无力",
   "a weakness for chocolate｜对巧克力的特别喜爱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "weak (adj.)",
   "weaken (v.)",
   "weakly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shortcoming",
   "frailty"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "strength"
  ],
  "tip": "弱点通常可数；虚弱不可数；偏爱用a weakness for。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "weakness"
 },
 {
  "w": "applause",
  "uk": "/əˈplɔːz/",
  "us": "/əˈplɔːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "掌声；鼓掌",
    "en": "the sound of people clapping to show approval"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赞许；赞扬",
    "en": "strong approval or praise for someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The audience burst into applause as the curtain fell.",
    "zh": "幕布落下时，观众爆发出热烈的掌声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposal received widespread applause for making public transport more accessible to passengers with disabilities.",
    "zh": "这项提案因让残障乘客更方便地使用公共交通而广受赞誉。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a round of applause｜一阵掌声",
   "thunderous applause｜雷鸣般的掌声",
   "burst into applause｜突然鼓起掌来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "applaud (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；“一阵掌声”用 a round of applause。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "applause"
 },
 {
  "w": "medieval",
  "uk": "/ˌmediˈiːvəl/",
  "us": "/ˌmiːdiˈiːvəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "中世纪的",
    "en": "relating to European history from about AD 500 to 1500"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We explored a medieval castle during our weekend trip.",
    "zh": "我们在周末旅行中游览了一座中世纪城堡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving medieval buildings allows modern communities to understand how earlier generations lived, worked, and organised their societies.",
    "zh": "保护中世纪建筑能让现代社区了解前人如何生活、工作及组织社会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "medieval architecture｜中世纪建筑风格",
   "a medieval castle｜中世纪城堡",
   "medieval history｜中世纪史",
   "medieval Europe｜中世纪欧洲"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "medievalist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指欧洲约公元500至1500年的中世纪。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "medieval"
 },
 {
  "w": "guidance",
  "uk": "/ˈɡaɪdəns/",
  "us": "/ˈɡaɪdəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "指导；指引",
    "en": "help or advice about what to do or how to proceed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "With your guidance, I finally planted the seeds correctly.",
    "zh": "在你的指导下，我终于把种子种对了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should provide career guidance to help students make informed decisions about further education and employment.",
    "zh": "学校应提供职业指导，帮助学生在升学和就业方面作出明智的决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "career guidance｜职业指导",
   "provide guidance｜提供指导",
   "seek guidance｜寻求指导",
   "under someone's guidance｜在某人的指导下"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "guide (v.)",
   "guide (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "advice",
   "direction"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；说some guidance，不说a guidance。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "guidance"
 },
 {
  "w": "entrepreneur",
  "uk": "/ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜː/",
  "us": "/ˌɑːntrəprəˈnɝː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "创业者；企业家",
    "en": "someone who starts a business and takes financial risks"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The young entrepreneur opened a bakery near our station.",
    "zh": "那位年轻创业者在我们车站附近开了一家面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local governments can support entrepreneurs by simplifying regulations and improving access to affordable loans.",
    "zh": "地方政府可以通过简化规定、便利获取低息贷款来支持创业者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a successful entrepreneur｜成功的企业家",
   "a young entrepreneur｜年轻创业者",
   "a social entrepreneur｜社会企业家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "entrepreneurial (adj.)",
   "entrepreneurship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调创办企业并承担风险，不泛指经理。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "entrepreneur"
 },
 {
  "w": "bribe",
  "uk": "/braɪb/",
  "us": "/braɪb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "向……行贿",
    "en": "Offer rewards to make someone act dishonestly in your favour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "贿赂；贿赂物",
    "en": "Money or gifts offered to influence someone dishonestly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The driver tried to bribe the officer with cash.",
    "zh": "那名司机试图用现金贿赂警察。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strict penalties for companies that bribe public officials can help restore trust in government institutions.",
    "zh": "严惩向公职人员行贿的公司，有助于恢复公众对政府机构的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "offer a bribe｜行贿",
   "accept a bribe｜受贿",
   "bribe an official｜贿赂官员",
   "bribe someone into doing something｜贿赂某人做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bribery (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bribe的宾语是受贿者；bribery指行贿受贿行为。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bribe"
 },
 {
  "w": "remarkable",
  "uk": "/rɪˈmɑːkəbl/",
  "us": "/rɪˈmɑːrkəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "非凡的；引人注目的",
    "en": "unusual or impressive enough to deserve special attention"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The injured bird made a remarkable recovery within weeks.",
    "zh": "这只受伤的鸟在几周内恢复得出奇地好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recent advances in renewable energy demonstrate the remarkable potential of technology to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "可再生能源领域的近期进展表明，技术在减少对化石燃料的依赖方面具有非凡潜力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remarkable achievement｜非凡的成就",
   "remarkable recovery｜惊人的康复",
   "remarkable progress｜显著的进步",
   "remarkable ability｜非凡的能力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "remarkably (adv.)",
   "unremarkable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "extraordinary",
   "notable",
   "exceptional"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ordinary",
   "unremarkable"
  ],
  "tip": "表示值得注意，常含赞赏，但不一定只描述好事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "remarkable"
 },
 {
  "w": "making",
  "uk": "/ˈmeɪkɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈmeɪkɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "制作；制造",
    "en": "The process of producing or creating something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成功的促成因素",
    "en": "Something that causes someone or something to become successful."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "所需素质；必要条件",
    "en": "The qualities or materials needed for something to develop."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent the afternoon learning the basics of bread making.",
    "zh": "我们花了一下午学习制作面包的基础方法。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Involving residents in the making of local policy can increase public trust and improve community outcomes.",
    "zh": "让居民参与地方政策的制定，可以增强公众信任并改善社区发展成效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the making of a film｜电影的制作",
   "in the making｜在形成中",
   "be the making of someone｜促成某人的成功",
   "have the makings of｜具备成为……的素质"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "make (v.)",
   "maker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表“潜质”用复数makings：have the makings of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "making"
 },
 {
  "w": "blunt",
  "uk": "/blʌnt/",
  "us": "/blʌnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "钝的；不锋利的",
    "en": "Having an edge or point that does not cut easily."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "直言不讳的；生硬的",
    "en": "Speaking directly without trying to avoid upsetting people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使变钝；削弱",
    "en": "To make something less sharp, powerful, or effective."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This blunt knife cannot even cut a ripe tomato.",
    "zh": "这把钝刀连熟透的番茄都切不开。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although blunt feedback can feel uncomfortable, it sometimes helps students identify weaknesses in their work.",
    "zh": "虽然直白的反馈可能让人不舒服，但有时能帮助学生发现作业中的不足。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a blunt knife｜钝刀",
   "a blunt answer｜生硬的回答",
   "blunt the impact｜减弱冲击"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bluntly (adv.)",
   "bluntness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "sharp"
  ],
  "tip": "形容言语时指直接甚至冒犯，不一定是褒义。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blunt"
 },
 {
  "w": "linen",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪnɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪnɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "亚麻布",
    "en": "strong cloth made from fibres of the flax plant"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "床单、桌布等家用织物",
    "en": "household cloth items such as sheets, pillowcases, and tablecloths"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I wore a linen shirt on the hot afternoon.",
    "zh": "那个炎热的下午，我穿了一件亚麻衬衫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hotels can reduce water consumption by encouraging guests to reuse towels and change bed linen less frequently.",
    "zh": "酒店可以鼓励住客重复使用毛巾并降低床上用品的更换频率，以减少用水量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a linen shirt｜亚麻衬衫",
   "bed linen｜床上用品",
   "table linen｜餐桌用织物",
   "fresh linen｜干净的床单等织物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；bed linen不一定由亚麻制成。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "linen"
 },
 {
  "w": "cutter",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌtə/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "切割工具；切割机",
    "en": "A tool or machine used to cut materials."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Use this pastry cutter to make round biscuits.",
    "zh": "用这个面点切模做圆形饼干。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A modern laser cutter can reduce material waste and improve precision in furniture production.",
    "zh": "现代激光切割机可以减少材料浪费，提高家具生产的精度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "laser cutter｜激光切割机",
   "pastry cutter｜面点切模",
   "wire cutters｜剪线钳"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cut (v.)",
   "cutting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常与材料或技术名连用；wire cutters通常用复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cutter"
 },
 {
  "w": "demanding",
  "uk": "/dɪˈmɑːndɪŋ/",
  "us": "/dɪˈmændɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "费力的；要求高的",
    "en": "Requiring considerable effort, skill, time, or attention."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "苛求的；难以满足的",
    "en": "Expecting a great deal of attention or effort from others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After a demanding shift, I fell asleep on the bus.",
    "zh": "忙完一班累人的工作后，我在公交车上睡着了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Physically demanding jobs may require additional safety measures to protect workers from injuries and long-term health problems.",
    "zh": "体力要求高的工作可能需要额外的安全措施，以保护劳动者免受伤害和长期健康问题的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "physically demanding｜耗费体力的",
   "mentally demanding｜耗费脑力的",
   "demanding job｜要求高的工作",
   "demanding customer｜苛求的顾客"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "demand (v.)",
   "demand (n.)",
   "undemanding (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "challenging",
   "exacting"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "undemanding",
   "easy"
  ],
  "tip": "修饰任务指费力；修饰人指要求高、难满足。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "demanding"
 },
 {
  "w": "supposedly",
  "uk": "/səˈpəʊzɪdli/",
  "us": "/səˈpoʊzɪdli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "据说；据信",
    "en": "according to what people say, though it may be untrue"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This shortcut is supposedly quicker, but we keep getting lost.",
    "zh": "据说这条近路更快，可我们一直迷路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some supposedly environmentally friendly products still require substantial energy to manufacture and transport to consumers.",
    "zh": "一些号称环保的产品在生产和运送到消费者手中的过程中，仍需消耗大量能源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "supposedly true｜据说属实的",
   "supposedly harmless｜据称无害的",
   "supposedly independent｜号称独立的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suppose (v.)",
   "supposed (adj.)",
   "supposition (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "allegedly",
   "reportedly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常暗示对说法存疑，不表示自己凭空想象。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "supposedly"
 },
 {
  "w": "carve",
  "uk": "/kɑːv/",
  "us": "/kɑːrv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "雕刻",
    "en": "to shape wood or stone by cutting away material"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "切成片",
    "en": "to cut cooked meat into slices for serving"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather carved a little bird from soft wood.",
    "zh": "我祖父用软木雕了一只小鸟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local artisans carve traditional patterns into wooden furniture, preserving cultural skills while creating products for modern homes.",
    "zh": "当地工匠在木制家具上雕刻传统图案，既保留文化技艺，也为现代家庭制作产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "carve wood｜雕刻木头",
   "carve a statue｜雕刻雕像",
   "carve meat｜把肉切片",
   "carve out a career｜开创事业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "carver (n.)",
   "carving (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sculpt"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "carve强调削刻成形；carve out a career指开创事业。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "carve"
 },
 {
  "w": "conceal",
  "uk": "/kənˈsiːl/",
  "us": "/kənˈsiːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "隐藏；遮住",
    "en": "To keep something from being seen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "隐瞒；掩饰",
    "en": "To prevent facts or feelings from becoming known"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She concealed the birthday present behind a large cushion.",
    "zh": "她把生日礼物藏在一个大靠垫后面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies that conceal environmental damage from the public risk losing consumer trust when the truth emerges.",
    "zh": "企业若向公众隐瞒环境破坏情况，真相曝光时就可能失去消费者的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conceal evidence｜隐藏证据",
   "conceal the truth｜隐瞒真相",
   "conceal feelings｜掩饰情绪",
   "conceal something from someone｜对某人隐瞒某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "concealment (n.)",
   "concealed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hide",
   "cover"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reveal",
   "expose"
  ],
  "tip": "conceal比hide正式；常用conceal sth from sb。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conceal"
 },
 {
  "w": "horizontal",
  "uk": "/ˌhɒrɪˈzɒntəl/",
  "us": "/ˌhɔːrɪˈzɑːntəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "水平的；横向的",
    "en": "Flat or level, running parallel to the ground"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep the shelf horizontal while I tighten the screws.",
    "zh": "我拧紧螺丝时，请让架板保持水平。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The horizontal axis shows time, allowing readers to compare changes in employment across the period.",
    "zh": "横轴表示时间，方便读者比较该时期内的就业变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "horizontal axis｜横轴",
   "horizontal line｜水平线",
   "horizontal position｜水平位置"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "horizontally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "level"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "vertical"
  ],
  "tip": "horizontal是水平的，vertical是垂直的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "horizontal"
 },
 {
  "w": "strategy",
  "uk": "/ˈstrætədʒi/",
  "us": "/ˈstrætədʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "策略；战略",
    "en": "a planned approach for achieving a particular goal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our strategy was to save a little every week.",
    "zh": "我们的策略是每周存一点钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An effective transport strategy should improve public services while reducing dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "有效的交通策略应在改善公共服务的同时减少对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "develop a strategy｜制定策略",
   "implement a strategy｜实施策略",
   "long-term strategy｜长期战略",
   "a strategy for growth｜增长策略"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "strategic (adj.)",
   "strategically (adv.)",
   "strategist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "plan",
   "approach"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用a strategy for doing sth表示做某事的策略。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strategy"
 },
 {
  "w": "motor",
  "uk": "/ˈməʊtə/",
  "us": "/ˈmoʊtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "马达；电动机",
    "en": "A machine that supplies power to move or operate something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "机动车的",
    "en": "Relating to vehicles powered by engines or motors."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "肌肉运动的",
    "en": "Relating to muscles, movement, or the nerves controlling them."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The fan stopped because its motor had become too hot.",
    "zh": "风扇停了，因为它的电动机过热了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Activities such as drawing and building with blocks help young children develop fine motor skills.",
    "zh": "画画和搭积木等活动有助于幼儿发展精细动作技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an electric motor｜电动机",
   "motor vehicles｜机动车",
   "the motor industry｜汽车工业",
   "fine motor skills｜精细动作技能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "motorist (n.)",
   "motorised (adj.)",
   "motoring (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "motor skills指身体动作技能，与汽车无关。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "motor"
 },
 {
  "w": "wander",
  "uk": "/ˈwɒndə/",
  "us": "/ˈwɑːndər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "漫步；闲逛；游荡",
    "en": "to move around without a fixed route or purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "走神；偏离话题",
    "en": "to stop concentrating or move away from the main subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We wandered through the market and bought some peaches.",
    "zh": "我们在市场里闲逛，买了些桃子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors who wander beyond popular tourist areas often discover local businesses that benefit from additional spending.",
    "zh": "走出热门旅游区随意逛逛的游客，常能发现一些因额外消费而受益的当地商家。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wander around｜四处闲逛",
   "wander off｜走开；走失",
   "let your mind wander｜任思绪游走",
   "wander off the subject｜偏离话题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wanderer (n.)",
   "wandering (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "roam",
   "ramble"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wander指漫游；wonder指想知道，注意拼写。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wander"
 },
 {
  "w": "splash",
  "uk": "/splæʃ/",
  "us": "/splæʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "溅；泼洒",
    "en": "To make liquid scatter in drops or hit something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "溅起的水花；泼水声",
    "en": "Scattered drops of liquid, or the sound they make."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "少量液体；一抹色彩",
    "en": "A small amount of liquid or a noticeable patch of colour."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dog splashed water all over my trousers.",
    "zh": "那只狗把水溅得我裤子上到处都是。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Vehicles travelling through flooded streets can splash dirty water onto pedestrians and damage nearby shop displays.",
    "zh": "车辆驶过积水街道时，可能把污水溅到行人身上，并损坏附近商店的陈列品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "splash water on｜把水溅到……上",
   "a splash of colour｜一抹亮色",
   "make a splash｜引起轰动",
   "splash out on｜在……上大笔花钱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "splatter"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "splash out on是英式口语，指大手笔花钱买某物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "splash"
 },
 {
  "w": "extinction",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灭绝；消亡",
    "en": "the complete disappearance of a species or type of thing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These rare birds face extinction if their forest disappears.",
    "zh": "如果这片森林消失，这些珍稀鸟类就会面临灭绝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting natural habitats is essential to preventing the extinction of species threatened by intensive farming and urban expansion.",
    "zh": "保护自然栖息地对于防止受集约化农业和城市扩张威胁的物种灭绝至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "face extinction｜面临灭绝",
   "on the brink of extinction｜濒临灭绝",
   "mass extinction｜大规模灭绝",
   "prevent extinction｜防止灭绝"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "extinct (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "extinct是形容词；extinction是通常不可数的名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "extinction"
 },
 {
  "w": "baggy",
  "uk": "/ˈbæɡi/",
  "us": "/ˈbæɡi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "衣服宽松下垂的",
    "en": "Loose and hanging away from the body."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These baggy trousers feel comfortable on long train journeys.",
    "zh": "长途坐火车时，穿这条宽松的裤子很舒服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some young people choose baggy clothing to express their identity rather than follow traditional expectations.",
    "zh": "一些年轻人选择宽松的衣服来表达自我，而非遵循传统期待。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "baggy trousers｜宽松的裤子",
   "baggy jeans｜宽松牛仔裤",
   "a baggy sweater｜宽大的毛衣"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bagginess (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "loose",
   "loose-fitting"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tight",
   "close-fitting"
  ],
  "tip": "baggy形容衣服宽大松垮，不是泛指袋子的形状。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "baggy"
 },
 {
  "w": "violent",
  "uk": "/ˈvaɪələnt/",
  "us": "/ˈvaɪələnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "暴力的；凶暴的",
    "en": "Using physical force to hurt people or damage things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "猛烈的；剧烈的",
    "en": "Extremely strong, sudden, or forceful."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A violent storm shook the windows throughout the night.",
    "zh": "一场猛烈的暴风雨整夜震得窗户直响。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing children's exposure to violent content is a common concern among parents and educators.",
    "zh": "减少儿童接触暴力内容，是家长和教育工作者共同关注的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "violent behaviour｜暴力行为",
   "violent crime｜暴力犯罪",
   "a violent storm｜猛烈的暴风雨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "violence (n.)",
   "violently (adv.)",
   "nonviolent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "nonviolent",
   "peaceful"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指行为有暴力，也可形容风暴、震动猛烈。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "violent"
 },
 {
  "w": "confidential",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒnfɪˈdenʃəl/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːnfɪˈdenʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "机密的；保密的",
    "en": "Intended to remain private and not be shared without permission."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please keep this confidential until I tell my family.",
    "zh": "在我告诉家人之前，请对此保密。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hospitals must protect confidential patient information to maintain public trust in the healthcare system.",
    "zh": "医院必须保护患者的保密信息，以维持公众对医疗体系的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "confidential information｜机密信息",
   "keep something confidential｜对某事保密",
   "strictly confidential｜绝密的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "confidentiality (n.)",
   "confidentially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "private",
   "secret"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "public"
  ],
  "tip": "confidential指保密的；confident指有信心的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "confidential"
 },
 {
  "w": "priority",
  "uk": "/praɪˈɒrəti/",
  "us": "/praɪˈɔːrəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "优先事项；首要任务",
    "en": "something considered more important than other things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "优先权；优先地位",
    "en": "the right to receive attention or action before others"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Finding a warm home is our main priority now.",
    "zh": "找到一个温暖的家是我们现在的首要任务。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should give priority to preventive healthcare rather than focus exclusively on treating existing illnesses.",
    "zh": "政府应优先重视预防性医疗，而不是只关注治疗已有疾病。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "top priority｜首要任务",
   "give priority to｜优先考虑",
   "take priority over｜比……优先",
   "set priorities｜确定优先次序"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prior (adj.)",
   "prioritise (v.)",
   "prioritisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "precedence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "give priority to后接优先考虑的事物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "priority"
 },
 {
  "w": "marble",
  "uk": "/ˈmɑːbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːrbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大理石",
    "en": "a hard stone with patterns, used for buildings and sculptures"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "弹珠",
    "en": "a small glass ball used in children's games"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cool marble floor felt smooth under my feet.",
    "zh": "凉凉的大理石地板踩在脚下很光滑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although marble enhances the appearance of public buildings, extracting it can damage surrounding landscapes and habitats.",
    "zh": "虽然大理石能提升公共建筑的外观，但开采它可能破坏周围景观和栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "marble floor｜大理石地板",
   "marble statue｜大理石雕像",
   "play marbles｜玩弹珠"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指大理石时不可数；指弹珠时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "marble"
 },
 {
  "w": "bravery",
  "uk": "/ˈbreɪvəri/",
  "us": "/ˈbreɪvəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "勇敢；勇气",
    "en": "The courage to face danger, pain, or difficult situations."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The little girl showed bravery during her first injection.",
    "zh": "那个小女孩第一次打针时表现得很勇敢。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Emergency workers demonstrate remarkable bravery when they enter dangerous areas to rescue people after natural disasters.",
    "zh": "自然灾害发生后，应急救援人员进入危险地区营救民众，展现出非凡的勇气。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "show bravery｜表现出勇气",
   "remarkable bravery｜非凡的勇气",
   "an act of bravery｜英勇之举"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "brave (adj.)",
   "bravely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "courage",
   "courageousness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cowardice"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；一次英勇行为用an act of bravery。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bravery"
 },
 {
  "w": "component",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpəʊnənt/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpoʊnənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组成部分；零部件",
    "en": "One of the parts that together form a whole."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "组成的；构成的",
    "en": "Forming part of a larger whole."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The technician replaced a broken component inside my laptop.",
    "zh": "技术员更换了我笔记本电脑里的一个损坏零件。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable public transport is a key component of urban planning that aims to reduce traffic congestion.",
    "zh": "可靠的公共交通是旨在缓解交通拥堵的城市规划的重要组成部分。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a key component｜关键组成部分",
   "electronic components｜电子元件",
   "component parts｜组成部件"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "part",
   "element"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a component of表示“……的组成部分”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "component"
 },
 {
  "w": "Eve",
  "uk": "/iːv/",
  "us": "/iːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "节日或重大事件的前夕",
    "en": "The day or evening before a special day or event."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "夏娃",
    "en": "The first woman in the biblical account of creation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cooked a special dinner together on New Year's Eve.",
    "zh": "我们在除夕夜一起做了一顿特别的晚餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "On New Year's Eve, cities often extend public transport services to help large crowds travel home safely.",
    "zh": "在除夕夜，城市往往延长公共交通的运营时间，帮助大批人群安全返家。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "New Year's Eve｜新年前夜",
   "Christmas Eve｜圣诞前夜",
   "on the eve of｜在……前夕"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "普通名词eve通常小写；节日名称中大写，Eve也指夏娃。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eve"
 },
 {
  "w": "formerly",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːməli/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrmərli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "以前；从前",
    "en": "in the past, but not now"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This bright café was formerly a small bicycle shop.",
    "zh": "这家明亮的咖啡馆以前是一家小自行车店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Buildings formerly used for manufacturing can be converted into affordable housing while preserving their distinctive architectural features.",
    "zh": "以前用于制造业的建筑可以改建成经济适用住房，同时保留其独特的建筑特色。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "formerly known as｜以前称为",
   "formerly owned by｜以前归……所有",
   "formerly used for｜以前用于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "former (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "previously",
   "once"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "currently"
  ],
  "tip": "formerly指“以前”；formally指“正式地”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "formerly"
 },
 {
  "w": "shove",
  "uk": "/ʃʌv/",
  "us": "/ʃʌv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猛推；乱塞",
    "en": "to push roughly or put something somewhere carelessly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "猛推",
    "en": "a strong, rough push"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I shoved my gloves into my bag and hurried outside.",
    "zh": "我把手套塞进包里，匆匆走了出去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Passengers may shove one another when overcrowded stations lack effective systems for managing queues during peak hours.",
    "zh": "在高峰时段，拥挤的车站若缺乏有效的排队管理措施，乘客可能会互相推搡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shove something into a bag｜把某物塞进包里",
   "give something a shove｜猛推某物一下",
   "shove past someone｜从某人身边挤过去"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "push",
   "thrust"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比push更强调用力或粗鲁；塞东西也可用。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shove"
 },
 {
  "w": "ceramics",
  "uk": "/səˈræmɪks/",
  "us": "/səˈræmɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陶艺；陶瓷制作",
    "en": "the art and process of making objects from fired clay"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陶瓷制品",
    "en": "objects made from clay and hardened by heat"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I started learning ceramics at a local studio.",
    "zh": "我开始在当地一家工作室学习陶艺。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional ceramics can attract tourists while providing a reliable source of income for local craftspeople.",
    "zh": "传统陶瓷制品既能吸引游客，也能为当地手艺人提供可靠的收入来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ceramics class｜陶艺课",
   "traditional ceramics｜传统陶瓷制品",
   "ceramics studio｜陶艺工作室"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ceramic (adj.)",
   "ceramist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pottery"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指陶艺时作单数；指多件陶瓷制品时作复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ceramics"
 },
 {
  "w": "conservation",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːnsɚˈveɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自然环境保护",
    "en": "the protection of wildlife and natural environments"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "节约；资源保护",
    "en": "careful use of resources to avoid waste"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文物保护；保存",
    "en": "the protection and repair of valuable old objects or buildings"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our class joined a conservation project to protect local frogs.",
    "zh": "我们班参加了一个保护当地青蛙的自然保护项目。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Successful wildlife conservation requires cooperation between local communities, researchers, and governments over many years.",
    "zh": "成功的野生动物保护需要当地社区、研究人员和政府长期合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wildlife conservation｜野生动物保护",
   "energy conservation｜节能",
   "water conservation｜节约用水",
   "conservation efforts｜保护工作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conserve (v.)",
   "conservationist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "preservation",
   "protection"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；可指保护自然，也可指节约能源。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conservation"
 },
 {
  "w": "emigrate",
  "uk": "/ˈem.ɪ.ɡreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈem.ə.ɡreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "移居国外",
    "en": "To leave your country to live permanently in another"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her grandparents emigrated to Canada when they were young.",
    "zh": "她的祖父母年轻时移居到了加拿大。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Skilled workers may emigrate when their home countries offer limited opportunities for professional development.",
    "zh": "当本国提供的职业发展机会有限时，技术人才可能会移居国外。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "emigrate from｜从……移居国外",
   "emigrate to｜移居到",
   "emigrate permanently｜永久移居国外"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "emigration (n.)",
   "emigrant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "immigrate"
  ],
  "tip": "emigrate强调迁出，immigrate强调迁入；搭配from或to。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "emigrate"
 },
 {
  "w": "hearing",
  "uk": "/ˈhɪərɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈhɪrɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "听力；听觉",
    "en": "The ability to notice sounds through your ears."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "听证会；庭审",
    "en": "An official meeting to consider evidence or arguments."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather's hearing improved after he received a hearing aid.",
    "zh": "祖父配了助听器后，听得更清楚了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A public hearing allows residents to express concerns before major construction projects receive official approval.",
    "zh": "公开听证会让居民能在大型建设项目获得正式批准前表达关切。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hearing loss｜听力损失",
   "a hearing aid｜助听器",
   "a public hearing｜公开听证会",
   "a court hearing｜庭审"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hear (v.)",
   "hearer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指听力时不可数；指听证会时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hearing"
 },
 {
  "w": "integrate",
  "uk": "/ˈɪntɪɡreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪntɪɡreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "整合；使结合",
    "en": "To combine separate parts so they work together effectively."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "融入；使融入",
    "en": "To join, or help someone join, a group or society."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This app integrates my calendar with my shopping list.",
    "zh": "这个应用将我的日历和购物清单整合在一起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should integrate digital tools into classroom activities while ensuring that all students have equal access.",
    "zh": "学校应将数字工具融入课堂活动，同时确保所有学生都能平等使用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "integrate A into B｜将A融入B",
   "integrate with｜与……结合",
   "integrate into society｜融入社会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "integration (n.)",
   "integrated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "combine",
   "incorporate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "separate",
   "segregate"
  ],
  "tip": "常用integrate A into B，也可用integrate A with B。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "integrate"
 },
 {
  "w": "curved",
  "uk": "/kɜːvd/",
  "us": "/kɝːvd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "弯曲的；弧形的",
    "en": "Having a smoothly bending shape rather than a straight one."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A curved path leads from our gate to the pond.",
    "zh": "一条弯曲的小路从我们的大门通向池塘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Curved building designs can create distinctive urban landmarks, although they may require more complex construction techniques.",
    "zh": "弧形建筑设计能打造独特的城市地标，但可能需要更复杂的施工技术。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "curved surface｜曲面",
   "curved line｜曲线",
   "curved roof｜弧形屋顶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "curve (n.)",
   "curve (v.)",
   "curvature (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "arched"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "straight"
  ],
  "tip": "curved强调平滑弧度；bent也可指折弯。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "curved"
 },
 {
  "w": "shutter",
  "uk": "/ˈʃʌt.ə/",
  "us": "/ˈʃʌt̬.ɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "窗板；百叶窗",
    "en": "A movable panel that covers and protects a window"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "相机快门",
    "en": "A camera mechanism controlling how long light enters"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "关闭；停业",
    "en": "To close a building or business, temporarily or permanently"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I closed the wooden shutters before the storm arrived.",
    "zh": "暴风雨来临前，我关上了木制窗板。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Photographers use a fast shutter speed to capture moving wildlife clearly without disturbing its natural behaviour.",
    "zh": "摄影师使用较快的快门速度，在不干扰野生动物自然行为的情况下清晰捕捉其动态。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "close the shutters｜关上窗板",
   "wooden shutters｜木制窗板",
   "shutter speed｜快门速度",
   "shutter a factory｜关闭工厂"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "窗板常用复数shutters；快门速度用shutter speed。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shutter"
 },
 {
  "w": "marking",
  "uk": "/ˈmɑːkɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːrkɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "批改；评分",
    "en": "The work of checking and grading students' answers."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "斑纹；标线",
    "en": "A visible pattern or line on an animal or surface."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The teacher finished her marking before cooking dinner.",
    "zh": "老师在做晚饭前完成了批改工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear marking guidelines help ensure that students receive fair grades regardless of who assesses their work.",
    "zh": "明确的评分指南有助于确保无论由谁评阅，学生都能获得公平的成绩。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "marking scheme｜评分细则",
   "road markings｜道路标线",
   "distinctive markings｜独特的斑纹"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mark (n.)",
   "mark (v.)",
   "marker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grading"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "批改义通常不可数；斑纹、道路标线常用复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "marking"
 },
 {
  "w": "admission",
  "uk": "/ədˈmɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ədˈmɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "准许进入；录取",
    "en": "Permission to enter a place or join an institution"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "入场费",
    "en": "The money paid to enter a place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "承认；供认",
    "en": "A statement accepting that something is true, often something unpleasant"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Admission to the museum is free on Sundays.",
    "zh": "这家博物馆周日免费开放。"
   },
   {
    "en": "University admission should reflect academic potential rather than simply rewarding access to expensive private education.",
    "zh": "大学录取应看重学术潜力，而非仅仅让能接受昂贵私立教育的人获益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "admission to university｜大学录取",
   "admission fee｜入场费",
   "free admission｜免费入场",
   "admission of guilt｜认罪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "admit (v.)",
   "admissible (adj.)",
   "inadmissible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "entry",
   "acknowledgement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "进入某处用admission to；承认某事用admission of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "admission"
 },
 {
  "w": "exclusive",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈskluːsɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈskluːsɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "独有的；专用的",
    "en": "Available only to a particular person or group."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "高档的；仅限少数人的",
    "en": "Expensive and available mainly to wealthy or privileged people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "独家新闻",
    "en": "A news story published by only one media organisation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Guests have exclusive use of the pool this afternoon.",
    "zh": "今天下午泳池仅供住客使用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Giving one company exclusive rights to public data may restrict competition and discourage innovation.",
    "zh": "授予一家公司公共数据的独家使用权，可能限制竞争并阻碍创新。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exclusive access｜专享使用权",
   "exclusive rights｜独家权利",
   "exclusive interview｜独家采访",
   "mutually exclusive｜互不相容的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exclude (v.)",
   "exclusion (n.)",
   "exclusively (adv.)",
   "exclusivity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "restricted"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inclusive"
  ],
  "tip": "exclusive to表示“为……独有”；exclusive of指不含。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exclusive"
 },
 {
  "w": "dignity",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪɡnəti/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪɡnəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尊严",
    "en": "A person's worth and right to be treated with respect."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "庄重；自尊的仪态",
    "en": "Calm, controlled behaviour that earns respect."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse protected his dignity by closing the curtain.",
    "zh": "护士拉上帘子，维护了他的尊严。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Care services should preserve the dignity of older people by respecting their privacy and personal choices.",
    "zh": "护理服务应尊重老年人的隐私和个人选择，维护他们的尊严。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "human dignity｜人的尊严",
   "preserve someone's dignity｜维护某人的尊严",
   "treat someone with dignity｜有尊严地对待某人",
   "a sense of dignity｜尊严感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dignified (adj.)",
   "dignify (v.)",
   "undignified (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "self-respect"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "indignity"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；with dignity可表示有尊严地。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dignity"
 },
 {
  "w": "tactics",
  "uk": "/ˈtæktɪks/",
  "us": "/ˈtæktɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "策略；手段；战术",
    "en": "Specific methods used to achieve a goal or gain an advantage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our coach changed tactics halfway through the football match.",
    "zh": "足球比赛进行到一半时，我们的教练改变了战术。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies increasingly use digital marketing tactics to attract younger consumers and compete in crowded markets.",
    "zh": "企业越来越多地采用数字营销策略来吸引年轻消费者，并在竞争激烈的市场中争得优势。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "change tactics｜改变战术",
   "marketing tactics｜营销策略",
   "negotiating tactics｜谈判策略",
   "delaying tactics｜拖延手段"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tactic (n.)",
   "tactical (adj.)",
   "tactically (adv.)",
   "tactician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "methods",
   "manoeuvres"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "strategy侧重整体战略，tactics侧重具体手段。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tactics"
 },
 {
  "w": "grumble",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrʌmbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈɡrʌmbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抱怨；发牢骚",
    "en": "to complain in an annoyed, often quiet way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牢骚；抱怨",
    "en": "a complaint about something that annoys you"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发出低沉轰鸣声",
    "en": "to make a low, deep rumbling sound"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother grumbled about washing the dishes again.",
    "zh": "我哥哥抱怨又要洗碗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although commuters often grumble about delays, many still prefer public transport because it reduces travel costs.",
    "zh": "尽管通勤者经常抱怨延误，许多人仍更愿意乘坐公共交通，因为这能降低出行成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grumble about delays｜抱怨延误",
   "grumble at someone｜向某人发牢骚",
   "a common grumble｜常见的抱怨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grumbler (n.)",
   "grumbling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "complain",
   "moan"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用grumble about sth，表示抱怨某事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grumble"
 },
 {
  "w": "flesh",
  "uk": "/fleʃ/",
  "us": "/fleʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肉；肌肉组织",
    "en": "The soft tissue between the skin and bones."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "果肉",
    "en": "The soft inner part of a fruit or vegetable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The ripe peach had sweet flesh and a small stone.",
    "zh": "这颗熟桃果肉香甜，果核很小。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fruits with brightly coloured flesh often contain nutrients that contribute to a healthy, balanced diet.",
    "zh": "果肉颜色鲜艳的水果通常含有有助于健康均衡饮食的营养成分。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "soft flesh｜柔软的肉",
   "fruit flesh｜果肉",
   "in the flesh｜本人；亲身",
   "flesh and blood｜血肉之躯；亲骨肉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fleshy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一般不可数；食用的肉通常用meat，不用flesh。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flesh"
 },
 {
  "w": "microscope",
  "uk": "/ˈmaɪkrəskəʊp/",
  "us": "/ˈmaɪkrəskoʊp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "显微镜",
    "en": "An instrument that makes very small objects appear much larger."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We examined a drop of pond water under the microscope.",
    "zh": "我们用显微镜观察了一滴池塘水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using a microscope allows students to observe cell structures that are invisible to the naked eye.",
    "zh": "使用显微镜能让学生观察到肉眼无法看见的细胞结构。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "under a microscope｜在显微镜下",
   "electron microscope｜电子显微镜",
   "light microscope｜光学显微镜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "microscopic (adj.)",
   "microscopy (n.)",
   "microscopically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "microscope看微小物体；telescope看远处物体。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "microscope"
 },
 {
  "w": "relieved",
  "uk": "/rɪˈliːvd/",
  "us": "/rɪˈliːvd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "宽慰的；放心的",
    "en": "No longer worried because something unpleasant has ended or been avoided"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt relieved when I finally found my keys.",
    "zh": "终于找到钥匙时，我松了一口气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents were relieved to hear that the local hospital would remain open despite proposed budget cuts.",
    "zh": "尽管有人提议削减预算，居民听说当地医院仍将继续运营，都松了一口气。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel relieved｜感到宽慰",
   "relieved to hear｜听到后感到放心",
   "visibly relieved｜明显松了一口气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "relieve (v.)",
   "relief (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reassured"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "worried",
   "anxious"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be relieved to do或be relieved that从句。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "relieved"
 },
 {
  "w": "introductory",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntrəˈdʌktəri/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntrəˈdʌktəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "入门的；介绍性的",
    "en": "Providing basic information or presenting something for the first time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "首次推出时优惠的",
    "en": "Offered at a special price when something first becomes available."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I joined an introductory pottery class last weekend.",
    "zh": "我上周末参加了一堂陶艺入门课。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should offer introductory courses in data analysis to students from all academic disciplines.",
    "zh": "大学应面向所有学科的学生开设数据分析入门课程。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "introductory course｜入门课程",
   "introductory remarks｜开场白",
   "introductory offer｜新品推广优惠"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "introduce (v.)",
   "introduction (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "introductory course指入门课，通常面向初学者。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "introductory"
 },
 {
  "w": "proceed",
  "uk": "/prəˈsiːd/",
  "us": "/prəˈsiːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "继续进行",
    "en": "Continue an activity or move to its next stage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "前往；行进",
    "en": "Move forward or travel towards a particular place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We can proceed with dinner once everyone arrives.",
    "zh": "等大家都到了，我们就可以继续安排晚餐了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should consult residents before they proceed with major changes to public transport.",
    "zh": "地方政府在继续推进公共交通重大调整前，应征询居民意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "proceed with a plan｜继续实施计划",
   "proceed to the next stage｜进入下一阶段",
   "proceed cautiously｜谨慎推进"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "proceedings (n.)",
   "proceeds (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "continue",
   "advance"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "stop",
   "halt"
  ],
  "tip": "proceed是动词；表示收入的名词是proceeds。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "proceed"
 },
 {
  "w": "suspect",
  "uk": "/səˈspekt/",
  "us": "/səˈspekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "怀疑；猜想",
    "en": "To think something is likely true without being certain."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "嫌疑人",
    "en": "A person believed to have possibly committed a crime."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可疑的；不可靠的",
    "en": "Not trustworthy or possibly wrong, unsafe, or dishonest."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I suspect the cat knocked the cup off the table.",
    "zh": "我怀疑是猫把杯子从桌上碰掉了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers suspect that prolonged screen use may affect sleep quality, although further evidence is needed.",
    "zh": "研究人员推测，长时间使用屏幕可能影响睡眠质量，不过仍需更多证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "suspect that｜怀疑……",
   "suspect someone of something｜怀疑某人有某种行为",
   "a prime suspect｜主要嫌疑人",
   "suspect evidence｜可疑的证据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suspicion (n.)",
   "suspicious (adj.)",
   "suspiciously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词重音在后；名词、形容词读/ˈsʌspekt/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suspect"
 },
 {
  "w": "principal",
  "uk": "/ˈprɪnsəpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈprɪnsəpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "主要的；最重要的",
    "en": "most important among several things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "校长；学院院长",
    "en": "the person in charge of a school or college"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "本金",
    "en": "money borrowed or invested, excluding interest"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our principal reason for moving was the noisy traffic.",
    "zh": "我们搬家的主要原因是交通噪声太大。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The principal challenge facing urban planners is providing affordable housing without reducing access to green spaces.",
    "zh": "城市规划者面临的主要挑战是提供经济适用的住房，同时不减少居民享用绿地的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the principal reason｜主要原因",
   "a principal aim｜主要目标",
   "a school principal｜校长",
   "repay the principal｜偿还本金"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "principally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "main",
   "chief",
   "primary"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "secondary"
  ],
  "tip": "principal指“主要的”或“校长”；principle指“原则”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "principal"
 },
 {
  "w": "oppose",
  "uk": "/əˈpəʊz/",
  "us": "/əˈpoʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "反对；抵制",
    "en": "Disagree with something and try to prevent or change it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours oppose building a road through the park.",
    "zh": "我们的邻居反对修建一条穿过公园的道路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many residents oppose airport expansion because they fear increased noise and damage to local wildlife habitats.",
    "zh": "许多居民反对机场扩建，因为他们担心噪声增加以及当地野生动物栖息地受损。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strongly oppose｜强烈反对",
   "oppose a proposal｜反对一项提议",
   "oppose doing something｜反对做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "opposition (n.)",
   "opponent (n.)",
   "opposed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "resist",
   "object to"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "support",
   "favour"
  ],
  "tip": "oppose 后直接接名词或动名词，不加 to。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oppose"
 },
 {
  "w": "likewise",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪkwaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪkwaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "同样地；也",
    "en": "In the same way, or also."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I folded my umbrella, and my sister did likewise.",
    "zh": "我收起雨伞，姐姐也照做了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries provide free internet access; likewise, community centres help residents develop essential digital skills.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆提供免费上网服务；同样，社区中心也帮助居民培养必要的数字技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "do likewise｜照样做",
   "likewise important｜同样重要",
   "be likewise affected｜同样受到影响"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "similarly",
   "also"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较正式，常用于连接相似情况；do likewise意为照做。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "likewise"
 },
 {
  "w": "so-called",
  "uk": "/ˌsəʊˈkɔːld/",
  "us": "/ˌsoʊˈkɔːld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "所谓的；号称的",
    "en": "Described a certain way, though that description may be doubtful."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "通常称作的",
    "en": "Known by a particular name or term."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This so-called waterproof jacket let the rain straight through.",
    "zh": "这件号称防水的夹克竟让雨水直接渗了进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers should examine whether so-called green products actually reduce environmental harm throughout their life cycle.",
    "zh": "消费者应审视所谓的绿色产品是否确实在整个生命周期内减少环境危害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "so-called experts｜所谓的专家",
   "so-called benefits｜所谓的好处",
   "so-called green products｜号称环保的产品"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "supposed",
   "alleged"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "置于名词前，常含质疑，但也可中性引出名称。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "so-called"
 },
 {
  "w": "graphic",
  "uk": "/ˈɡræfɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈɡræfɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "图形的；视觉艺术的",
    "en": "Relating to pictures, drawings, or visual design."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "生动详尽的",
    "en": "Describing something very clearly, often with unpleasant details."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "图形；图像",
    "en": "An image or diagram used to present information."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin studies graphic design and makes colourful posters.",
    "zh": "我表姐学习平面设计，还制作色彩鲜艳的海报。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective graphic design can make complex health information easier for the general public to understand.",
    "zh": "有效的平面设计可以让公众更容易理解复杂的健康信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "graphic design｜平面设计",
   "a graphic designer｜平面设计师",
   "a graphic description｜生动详尽的描述"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "graphically (adv.)",
   "graphics (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "visual",
   "vivid"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "graphic description常指令人不适的详细描述。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "graphic"
 },
 {
  "w": "satellite",
  "uk": "/ˈsætəlaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈsætəlaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人造卫星",
    "en": "A device orbiting Earth or another body, collecting or transmitting information."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天然卫星",
    "en": "A natural object that moves around a planet."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The satellite sent back clear pictures of the storm.",
    "zh": "这颗卫星传回了风暴的清晰图像。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Satellite observations allow scientists to monitor changes in forest cover across remote regions over time.",
    "zh": "卫星观测使科学家能够长期监测偏远地区森林覆盖的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "launch a satellite｜发射卫星",
   "communications satellite｜通信卫星",
   "satellite imagery｜卫星影像",
   "natural satellite｜天然卫星"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指人造或天然卫星；月球是地球的天然卫星。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "satellite"
 },
 {
  "w": "surrender",
  "uk": "/səˈrendə/",
  "us": "/səˈrendər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "投降；屈服",
    "en": "to stop resisting and accept another side's control"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "交出；放弃",
    "en": "to give up something, often because officially required"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "投降；屈服",
    "en": "the act of stopping resistance and accepting another side's control"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soldiers surrendered and walked forward with empty hands.",
    "zh": "士兵们投降了，空着双手向前走来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Users should not have to surrender control of their personal information to access essential online services.",
    "zh": "用户不应为了使用必要的在线服务而被迫放弃对个人信息的控制权。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "surrender to｜向……投降",
   "surrender control｜交出控制权",
   "unconditional surrender｜无条件投降"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "yield",
   "give up"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "resist"
  ],
  "tip": "surrender to sb指向某人投降；交出物品直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "surrender"
 },
 {
  "w": "analysis",
  "uk": "/əˈnæləsɪs/",
  "us": "/əˈnæləsɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分析；解析",
    "en": "Careful examination of something to understand its parts or meaning"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A soil analysis showed why my plants were struggling.",
    "zh": "土壤分析揭示了我的植物长势不佳的原因。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Careful analysis of travel patterns can help planners design more efficient public transport networks.",
    "zh": "仔细分析出行模式可以帮助规划人员设计更高效的公共交通网络。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "data analysis｜数据分析",
   "detailed analysis｜详细分析",
   "carry out an analysis｜进行分析",
   "critical analysis｜批判性分析"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "analyse (v.)",
   "analyst (n.)",
   "analytical (adj.)",
   "analytically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "examination",
   "investigation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为analyses；英式动词为analyse。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "analysis"
 },
 {
  "w": "scarcely",
  "uk": "/ˈskeəsli/",
  "us": "/ˈskersli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "几乎不；勉强",
    "en": "Almost not, or only just"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "刚刚；才",
    "en": "Only a very short time before something else happens"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We could scarcely hear each other above the music.",
    "zh": "音乐声太大，我们几乎听不清彼此说话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some rural communities have scarcely enough medical staff to provide basic healthcare for their growing populations.",
    "zh": "一些农村社区的医务人员仅勉强够为日益增长的人口提供基本医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scarcely any｜几乎没有",
   "scarcely enough｜勉强足够",
   "scarcely ever｜几乎从不"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scarce (adj.)",
   "scarcity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hardly",
   "barely"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "本身含否定意义，不再加not；scarcely…when指刚…就…。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scarcely"
 },
 {
  "w": "evaluate",
  "uk": "/ɪˈvæljueɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈvæljueɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "评估；评价",
    "en": "Carefully judge the quality, value or effectiveness of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We evaluated three cameras before choosing one for our trip.",
    "zh": "我们评估了三款相机，才选定一款用于旅行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should evaluate the long-term environmental effects of major construction projects before approving them.",
    "zh": "政府应在批准大型建设项目之前评估其长期环境影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "evaluate the impact｜评估影响",
   "evaluate effectiveness｜评估有效性",
   "evaluate performance｜评估表现",
   "critically evaluate｜批判性地评估"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "evaluation (n.)",
   "evaluator (n.)",
   "evaluative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assess",
   "appraise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调依据标准作判断；不只是描述事物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "evaluate"
 },
 {
  "w": "stool",
  "uk": "/stuːl/",
  "us": "/stuːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "凳子",
    "en": "a seat without a back or arms"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "粪便；大便",
    "en": "solid waste passed from the body, especially in medical contexts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She pulled up a stool beside the kitchen counter.",
    "zh": "她把一张凳子拉到厨房台面旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Doctors may examine a stool sample to identify infections that cannot be diagnosed through symptoms alone.",
    "zh": "医生可能会检查粪便样本，以识别仅凭症状无法确诊的感染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bar stool｜吧台凳",
   "wooden stool｜木凳",
   "stool sample｜粪便样本"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "医疗语境中指大便，可用单数或复数，并非只用复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stool"
 },
 {
  "w": "patrol",
  "uk": "/pəˈtrəʊl/",
  "us": "/pəˈtroʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "巡逻；巡查",
    "en": "To move around an area regularly to maintain safety."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "巡逻；巡逻队",
    "en": "An activity or group that checks an area for danger."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Two guards patrol the park after dark each evening.",
    "zh": "每天傍晚天黑后，两名警卫都会在公园巡逻。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rangers patrol protected forests to prevent illegal logging and monitor threats to endangered wildlife.",
    "zh": "护林员在受保护的森林中巡逻，以防止非法伐木并监测濒危野生动物面临的威胁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on patrol｜在巡逻",
   "patrol the streets｜巡逻街道",
   "border patrol｜边境巡逻；边境巡逻队",
   "regular patrols｜定期巡逻"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式patrolled，进行式patrolling，均双写l。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "patrol"
 },
 {
  "w": "consonant",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnsənənt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnsənənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "辅音；辅音字母",
    "en": "a speech sound involving blocked airflow, or its written symbol"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "一致的；相符的",
    "en": "agreeing with or matching something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Try saying the final consonant slowly and clearly.",
    "zh": "试着把最后一个辅音发得缓慢而清晰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learners may struggle to pronounce consonant clusters that do not occur in their first language.",
    "zh": "学习者可能难以发出母语中不存在的辅音群。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "consonant sound｜辅音",
   "consonant cluster｜辅音群",
   "final consonant｜末尾辅音",
   "consonant with｜与……一致"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作形容词较正式，常用consonant with表示相符。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consonant"
 },
 {
  "w": "banner",
  "uk": "/ˈbænə/",
  "us": "/ˈbænər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "横幅；旗帜",
    "en": "a long piece of cloth displaying a message or design"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "网页横幅广告",
    "en": "a wide advertisement displayed across part of a webpage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hung a colourful banner above the garden gate.",
    "zh": "我们在花园大门上方挂了一条彩色横幅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many news websites rely on banner advertising to provide free access to their articles.",
    "zh": "许多新闻网站依靠横幅广告收入向读者免费提供文章。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hang a banner｜挂横幅",
   "carry a banner｜举横幅",
   "banner advertising｜横幅广告"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "网页上的横幅广告常称banner ad。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "banner"
 },
 {
  "w": "preceding",
  "uk": "/prɪˈsiːdɪŋ/",
  "us": "/prɪˈsiːdɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "在前的；前面的",
    "en": "Happening or appearing before the thing being discussed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I slept badly on the night preceding my interview.",
    "zh": "面试前一晚，我睡得很不好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The survey revealed that household energy consumption had fallen significantly compared with the preceding year.",
    "zh": "调查显示，与前一年相比，家庭能源消耗已显著下降。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the preceding year｜前一年",
   "the preceding paragraph｜上一段",
   "the immediately preceding period｜紧接此前的时期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "precede (v.)",
   "precedence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "previous",
   "prior"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "following",
   "subsequent"
  ],
  "tip": "preceding指所谈时间或事物之前的，不等于现在之前。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "preceding"
 },
 {
  "w": "confirmation",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒnfəˈmeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːnfərˈmeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "确认；确认通知",
    "en": "An assurance or message that an arrangement is definite."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "证实；佐证",
    "en": "Evidence showing that something is true or correct."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hotel sent confirmation of our booking this morning.",
    "zh": "酒店今天早上发来了我们的预订确认通知。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent confirmation of research findings is essential before governments use them to guide public health policy.",
    "zh": "政府利用研究结果指导公共卫生政策之前，必须先对这些结果进行独立验证。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "booking confirmation｜预订确认",
   "written confirmation｜书面确认",
   "confirmation of receipt｜收讫确认",
   "independent confirmation｜独立验证"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "confirm (v.)",
   "confirmed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "verification",
   "corroboration"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用confirmation of sth；确认某事属实可接that从句。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "confirmation"
 },
 {
  "w": "logical",
  "uk": "/ˈlɒdʒɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "合乎逻辑的；合理的",
    "en": "Based on clear reasoning, with ideas that fit together sensibly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "逻辑学的",
    "en": "Relating to the formal rules of correct reasoning."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Taking the bus seemed logical because parking was expensive.",
    "zh": "停车费很贵，所以乘公交车似乎很合理。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should learn to construct logical arguments rather than simply memorise facts for examinations.",
    "zh": "学生应该学习如何构建合乎逻辑的论证，而不是仅仅为考试背诵事实。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "logical conclusion｜合乎逻辑的结论",
   "logical reasoning｜逻辑推理",
   "logical sequence｜逻辑顺序",
   "logical argument｜合乎逻辑的论证"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "logic (n.)",
   "logically (adv.)",
   "illogical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rational",
   "reasonable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "illogical",
   "irrational"
  ],
  "tip": "logical强调推理合理，不表示事实一定正确。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "logical"
 },
 {
  "w": "attempt",
  "uk": "/əˈtempt/",
  "us": "/əˈtempt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尝试；努力",
    "en": "An effort to do something, especially something difficult."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "尝试；试图",
    "en": "To try to do something, especially something difficult."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My first attempt at baking bread was surprisingly successful.",
    "zh": "我第一次尝试烤面包，结果出乎意料地成功。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many cities are attempting to reduce air pollution by improving public transport and expanding cycling networks.",
    "zh": "许多城市正通过改善公共交通和扩展自行车道网络来尝试减少空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make an attempt｜作出尝试",
   "attempt to do something｜尝试做某事",
   "a successful attempt｜成功的尝试",
   "in an attempt to｜为了尝试"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attempted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "try",
   "endeavour"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词后接to do；名词常用an attempt at doing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attempt"
 },
 {
  "w": "burner",
  "uk": "/ˈbɜːnə/",
  "us": "/ˈbɝːnɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "炉头；燃烧器",
    "en": "The part of a cooker or heater that produces heat"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She turned off the burner after the soup boiled.",
    "zh": "汤煮开后，她关掉了炉头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing inefficient gas burners with cleaner cooking technology can reduce indoor air pollution and improve health.",
    "zh": "用更清洁的烹饪技术替代低效燃气炉头，可以减少室内空气污染并改善健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gas burner｜燃气炉头",
   "oil burner｜燃油燃烧器",
   "put something on the back burner｜暂缓处理某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "burn (v.)",
   "burning (adj.)",
   "burnt (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on the back burner比喻暂缓处理、搁置。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "burner"
 },
 {
  "w": "hillside",
  "uk": "/ˈhɪlsaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈhɪlsaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "山坡；山腰",
    "en": "The sloping surface of a hill."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Small white houses dotted the hillside above the village.",
    "zh": "村庄上方的山坡上散落着白色的小房子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting native trees on a bare hillside can reduce soil erosion and provide habitats for wildlife.",
    "zh": "在光秃的山坡上种植本土树木，可以减少水土流失并为野生动物提供栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a steep hillside｜陡峭的山坡",
   "a wooded hillside｜林木覆盖的山坡",
   "on the hillside｜在山坡上"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hill (n.)",
   "hilly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "slope"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指山的斜坡部分；在山坡上用 on the hillside。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hillside"
 },
 {
  "w": "judgement",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "判断力",
    "en": "the ability to make sensible decisions after considering information"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "看法；评价",
    "en": "an opinion formed after considering something carefully"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "判决；裁决",
    "en": "an official decision made by a court"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I trust your judgement when choosing a reliable bicycle.",
    "zh": "挑选可靠的自行车时，我相信你的判断力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach students to exercise independent judgement when evaluating information from unfamiliar online sources.",
    "zh": "学校应教导学生在评估陌生网络来源的信息时作出独立判断。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sound judgement｜明智的判断力",
   "make a judgement｜作出判断",
   "exercise judgement｜运用判断力",
   "court judgement｜法院判决"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "judge (v.)",
   "judgemental (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "discernment",
   "assessment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式可写judgement或judgment；美式通常用后者。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "judgement"
 },
 {
  "w": "immoral",
  "uk": "/ɪˈmɒrəl/",
  "us": "/ɪˈmɔːrəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不道德的",
    "en": "Contrary to accepted principles of right and wrong."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She thought keeping the lost wallet would be immoral.",
    "zh": "她认为把捡到的钱包据为己有是不道德的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many consumers consider it immoral for companies to exploit vulnerable workers in pursuit of higher profits.",
    "zh": "许多消费者认为，企业为了追求更高利润而剥削弱势劳动者是不道德的。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "immoral behaviour｜不道德的行为",
   "immoral practices｜不道德的做法",
   "consider something immoral｜认为某事不道德"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "moral (adj.)",
   "morality (n.)",
   "immorality (n.)",
   "immorally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unethical",
   "wrong"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "moral",
   "ethical"
  ],
  "tip": "immoral指违背道德；amoral指无道德观念。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "immoral"
 },
 {
  "w": "cast",
  "uk": "/kɑːst/",
  "us": "/kæst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "全体演员",
    "en": "All the actors appearing in a film or play."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "投；抛；投射",
    "en": "To throw something or send light or shadow onto something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "选派角色",
    "en": "To choose an actor for a particular role."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The entire cast came outside to greet the audience.",
    "zh": "全体演员都走到外面向观众问好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Directors who cast actors from diverse backgrounds can help challenge stereotypes and broaden audiences' understanding of society.",
    "zh": "导演选用不同背景的演员，有助于打破刻板印象并拓宽观众对社会的认识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a supporting cast｜配角阵容",
   "cast a shadow｜投下阴影",
   "cast doubt on｜使人怀疑",
   "cast someone as｜选某人扮演"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "casting (n.)",
   "recast (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "throw",
   "hurl"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式、过去分词均为cast；全体演员用单数形式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cast"
 },
 {
  "w": "brake",
  "uk": "/breɪk/",
  "us": "/breɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刹车；制动器",
    "en": "a device that slows or stops a moving vehicle"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刹车；制动",
    "en": "to slow or stop a vehicle using its brakes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I squeezed the brakes as my bicycle reached the corner.",
    "zh": "自行车骑到拐角时，我捏紧了刹车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Drivers should brake gently on wet roads to reduce the risk of losing control.",
    "zh": "驾驶员在湿滑路面上应轻踩刹车，以降低车辆失控的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apply the brakes｜踩刹车",
   "brake sharply｜急刹车",
   "brake pedal｜刹车踏板",
   "emergency brake｜紧急制动器"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "braking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "brake指刹车；同音词break指打破或休息。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brake"
 },
 {
  "w": "prescribe",
  "uk": "/prɪˈskraɪb/",
  "us": "/prɪˈskraɪb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开药；开处方",
    "en": "officially recommend a medicine or treatment as a medical professional"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "规定；指定",
    "en": "state officially what must be done or how"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor prescribed eye drops for my sore eyes.",
    "zh": "医生给我开了眼药水，治疗眼睛疼痛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Doctors should prescribe antibiotics only when necessary to reduce the risk of bacteria developing resistance.",
    "zh": "医生应仅在必要时开抗生素，以降低细菌产生耐药性的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prescribe medication｜开药",
   "prescribe treatment｜指定治疗方案",
   "prescribe antibiotics｜开抗生素",
   "prescribed by law｜法律规定的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prescription (n.)",
   "prescriptive (adj.)",
   "prescriber (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stipulate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "prescribe是开药；describe是描述，注意区分。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prescribe"
 },
 {
  "w": "landlord",
  "uk": "/ˈlændlɔːd/",
  "us": "/ˈlændlɔːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "房东；出租土地者",
    "en": "someone who rents out property or land to others"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酒馆老板",
    "en": "a man who owns or manages a pub"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our landlord came over to fix the leaking tap.",
    "zh": "我们的房东过来修漏水的水龙头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should require landlords to maintain safe living conditions for all their tenants.",
    "zh": "地方政府应要求房东为所有租客维持安全的居住条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "private landlord｜私人房东",
   "landlord and tenant｜房东与租客",
   "ask the landlord｜询问房东"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "landlady (n.)",
   "landownership (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "房东是landlord，租客是tenant；第二义常见于英国。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "landlord"
 },
 {
  "w": "faint",
  "uk": "/feɪnt/",
  "us": "/feɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "微弱的；隐约的",
    "en": "not strong, clear or easy to notice"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "头晕欲倒的",
    "en": "feeling weak and close to losing consciousness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "昏倒；晕厥",
    "en": "to suddenly lose consciousness for a short time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A faint light shone through the bedroom curtains.",
    "zh": "一丝微弱的光透过卧室窗帘照了进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Astronomers use powerful telescopes to detect faint objects that cannot be seen with the naked eye.",
    "zh": "天文学家使用高性能望远镜探测肉眼看不见的暗弱天体。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "faint light｜微弱的光",
   "faint smell｜淡淡的气味",
   "feel faint｜感到头晕欲倒",
   "faint hope｜渺茫的希望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "faintly (adv.)",
   "faintness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "weak",
   "dim"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "strong"
  ],
  "tip": "feel faint是快要晕倒；faint作动词才表示昏倒。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "faint"
 },
 {
  "w": "insane",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈseɪn/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈseɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极不理智的；荒唐的",
    "en": "Extremely foolish, unreasonable, or dangerous."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "精神失常的",
    "en": "Severely mentally ill; an outdated term except in legal contexts."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Driving through that storm would be an insane risk.",
    "zh": "在那场暴风雨中开车会是极不理智的冒险。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Critics described the proposal as insane because its enormous costs would outweigh any potential benefits.",
    "zh": "批评者认为这项提案荒唐至极，因为其巨大成本会超过任何潜在收益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an insane idea｜荒唐的想法",
   "an insane risk｜极不理智的冒险",
   "drive someone insane｜把某人逼疯"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "insanity (n.)",
   "insanely (adv.)",
   "sane (adj.)",
   "sanity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "irrational",
   "absurd"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sane",
   "sensible"
  ],
  "tip": "口语可指荒唐；用于精神疾病已过时且可能冒犯。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "用于描述精神疾病患者可能冒犯，宜避免。",
  "id": "insane"
 },
 {
  "w": "expense",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspens/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "费用；开支",
    "en": "money spent or needed for a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "代价；损害",
    "en": "harm or disadvantage caused while benefiting someone or something else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Rent is our biggest expense every single month.",
    "zh": "房租是我们每个月最大的一笔开支。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities should improve public transport without placing the entire expense on residents who already face financial difficulties.",
    "zh": "城市应改善公共交通，而不应让已经面临经济困难的居民承担全部费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "living expenses｜生活开支",
   "cover the expense｜支付费用",
   "at the expense of｜以…为代价",
   "spare no expense｜不惜费用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expensive (adj.)",
   "inexpensive (adj.)",
   "expenditure (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cost",
   "expenditure"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "日常各项开支常用复数expenses；expensive是形容词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expense"
 },
 {
  "w": "numerical",
  "uk": "/njuːˈmerɪkəl/",
  "us": "/nuːˈmerɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "数字的；用数字表示的",
    "en": "Relating to numbers or expressed using numbers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please arrange these raffle tickets in numerical order.",
    "zh": "请把这些抽奖券按号码顺序排列。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers need reliable numerical data to assess whether public transport investments have reduced traffic congestion.",
    "zh": "研究人员需要可靠的数值数据，以评估公共交通投资是否缓解了交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "numerical data｜数值数据",
   "numerical order｜数字顺序",
   "numerical value｜数值",
   "numerical analysis｜数值分析"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "numerically (adv.)",
   "numeric (adj.)",
   "number (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "numeric"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "numerical指数字相关；numerous指数量多。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "numerical"
 },
 {
  "w": "determination",
  "uk": "/dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˌtɝːmɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "决心；毅力",
    "en": "the firm intention to continue despite difficulties"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "确定；测定；裁定",
    "en": "the process of establishing a fact or making an official decision"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Despite the rain, she finished the race with determination.",
    "zh": "尽管下着雨，她仍凭借毅力跑完了比赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who show determination are often better able to overcome academic setbacks and achieve their goals.",
    "zh": "有决心的学生往往更能克服学业挫折，实现自己的目标。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sheer determination｜坚定不移的决心",
   "determination to succeed｜成功的决心",
   "determination of eligibility｜资格的认定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "determine (v.)",
   "determined (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "resolve",
   "persistence"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "indecision"
  ],
  "tip": "表决心常接to do；表确定常接of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "determination"
 },
 {
  "w": "pathetic",
  "uk": "/pəˈθetɪk/",
  "us": "/pəˈθetɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "差劲的；令人鄙夷的",
    "en": "so poor or ineffective that it deserves strong criticism"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可怜的；令人怜悯的",
    "en": "making you feel pity because of suffering or helplessness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The broken shower produced only a pathetic trickle.",
    "zh": "坏掉的淋浴器只能流出少得可怜的一点水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents described the council's response to repeated flooding as pathetic, demanding immediate investment in better drainage.",
    "zh": "居民认为市政委员会应对反复洪灾的表现差劲，要求立即投资改善排水设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pathetic excuse｜蹩脚的借口",
   "a pathetic attempt｜差劲的尝试",
   "a pathetic sight｜可怜的景象"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pathetically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pitiful",
   "feeble"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常带强烈贬义，不宜随意用来形容他人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pathetic"
 },
 {
  "w": "situated",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪtʃueɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪtʃueɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "位于…的",
    "en": "located in a particular place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "处于某种境况的",
    "en": "in a particular set of circumstances"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our hotel is situated beside a quiet mountain lake.",
    "zh": "我们的酒店坐落在一处宁静的高山湖泊旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools situated near busy roads may need additional measures to protect pupils from air pollution.",
    "zh": "位于繁忙道路附近的学校可能需要采取额外措施，保护学生免受空气污染的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conveniently situated｜位置便利的",
   "centrally situated｜位于中心的",
   "situated near｜位于…附近"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "situate (v.)",
   "situation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "located",
   "positioned"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用be situated in/near，描述位置，较正式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "situated"
 },
 {
  "w": "lease",
  "uk": "/liːs/",
  "us": "/liːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "租约；租赁合同",
    "en": "a legal agreement to use property for payment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "租用；出租",
    "en": "to use or let someone use property for regular payment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We signed a lease for a sunny upstairs flat.",
    "zh": "我们签下了楼上一套阳光充足的公寓的租约。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses often lease equipment rather than purchase it outright, allowing them to manage initial costs more effectively.",
    "zh": "小企业往往租用设备而非一次性买下，从而更有效地控制初期成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sign a lease｜签订租约",
   "renew a lease｜续租",
   "a long-term lease｜长期租约",
   "lease equipment｜租用设备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lessor (n.)",
   "lessee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lease from指租入；lease to指租给别人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lease"
 },
 {
  "w": "crawl",
  "uk": "/krɔːl/",
  "us": "/krɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "爬行；匍匐前进",
    "en": "To move close to the ground using hands and knees."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缓慢行进",
    "en": "To move extremely slowly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爬泳；自由泳泳姿",
    "en": "A swimming style using alternating arm strokes and kicking legs."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The baby crawled across the rug towards her toy.",
    "zh": "宝宝爬过地毯，朝她的玩具爬去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During peak hours, traffic crawls through the city centre, increasing journey times and vehicle emissions.",
    "zh": "高峰时段，车辆在市中心缓慢行驶，增加了出行时间和尾气排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "crawl on hands and knees｜手脚并用地爬",
   "crawl along｜缓慢前行",
   "slow to a crawl｜慢至蜗行",
   "front crawl｜爬泳"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crawler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "车辆crawl指行驶极慢；爬泳常说front crawl。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crawl"
 },
 {
  "w": "bankruptcy",
  "uk": "/ˈbæŋkrʌptsi/",
  "us": "/ˈbæŋkrʌptsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "破产",
    "en": "The legal state of being unable to pay your debts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The small bakery faced bankruptcy after months of losses.",
    "zh": "这家小面包店连续亏损数月后面临破产。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to affordable loans may help small businesses avoid bankruptcy during periods of economic uncertainty.",
    "zh": "在经济不确定时期，获得低成本贷款可能帮助小企业避免破产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "file for bankruptcy｜申请破产",
   "declare bankruptcy｜宣布破产",
   "face bankruptcy｜面临破产",
   "bankruptcy protection｜破产保护"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bankrupt (adj.)",
   "bankrupt (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "insolvency"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "solvency"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；多起破产事件可用复数bankruptcies。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bankruptcy"
 },
 {
  "w": "drowsy",
  "uk": "/ˈdraʊzi/",
  "us": "/ˈdraʊzi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "昏昏欲睡的",
    "en": "Feeling sleepy and finding it hard to stay awake"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The warm room made me drowsy after lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭后，温暖的房间让我昏昏欲睡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Drivers who feel drowsy should stop somewhere safe, as fatigue significantly increases the risk of accidents.",
    "zh": "感到困倦的司机应在安全地点停车，因为疲劳会显著增加事故风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel drowsy｜感到困倦",
   "make someone drowsy｜使某人昏昏欲睡",
   "drowsy driving｜疲劳驾驶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drowsiness (n.)",
   "drowsily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sleepy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "alert"
  ],
  "tip": "常描述人困倦；药物使人困倦可用make someone drowsy。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drowsy"
 },
 {
  "w": "intellectual",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "智力的；思维的",
    "en": "Relating to thinking, reasoning, and understanding complex ideas"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "知识分子",
    "en": "Someone who studies and discusses complex ideas seriously"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She enjoys the intellectual challenge of learning a new language.",
    "zh": "她喜欢学习新语言带来的智力挑战。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should support intellectual development through activities that encourage students to question assumptions and evaluate evidence.",
    "zh": "学校应通过鼓励学生质疑假设、评估证据的活动来促进智力发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "intellectual development｜智力发展",
   "intellectual challenge｜智力挑战",
   "intellectual property｜知识产权",
   "intellectual curiosity｜求知欲"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intellect (n.)",
   "intellectually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mental"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "intellectual强调思维活动；intelligent强调聪明。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intellectual"
 },
 {
  "w": "rating",
  "uk": "/ˈreɪtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈreɪtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "评级；等级",
    "en": "a judgement of quality, performance, or suitability on a scale"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "收视率；收听率",
    "en": "a measure of audience size for a broadcast programme"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "额定值",
    "en": "the maximum power or load equipment is designed to handle"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hotel received a high rating for its friendly service.",
    "zh": "这家酒店因服务热情而获得了很高的评价。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A clear energy rating helps consumers compare household appliances and choose models with lower running costs.",
    "zh": "清晰的能效评级帮助消费者比较家用电器，选择使用成本更低的型号。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a high rating｜高评分",
   "an energy rating｜能效等级",
   "audience ratings｜收视率；收听率",
   "a power rating｜额定功率"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rate (v.)",
   "rated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示收视率通常用复数ratings；也可作rate的现在分词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rating"
 },
 {
  "w": "deliberate",
  "uk": "/dɪˈlɪbərət/",
  "us": "/dɪˈlɪbərət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "故意的；有意的",
    "en": "Done intentionally rather than by accident."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "从容谨慎的",
    "en": "Slow and careful, rather than hurried."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "仔细考虑；商议",
    "en": "To consider something carefully before making a decision."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leaving my phone at home was a deliberate choice.",
    "zh": "把手机留在家里是我有意做出的选择。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should deliberate carefully before approving developments that could permanently damage natural habitats.",
    "zh": "地方政府在批准可能永久破坏自然栖息地的开发项目之前，应仔细斟酌。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a deliberate attempt｜有意的尝试",
   "deliberate damage｜故意损坏",
   "deliberate movements｜从容谨慎的动作",
   "deliberate on a proposal｜仔细考虑提案"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deliberately (adv.)",
   "deliberation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "intentional"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "accidental"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词末尾读/ət/，动词末尾读/eɪt/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deliberate"
 },
 {
  "w": "climax",
  "uk": "/ˈklaɪmæks/",
  "us": "/ˈklaɪmæks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "高潮；最精彩的部分",
    "en": "The most exciting or important point of an event"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "达到高潮",
    "en": "Reach the most exciting or important point"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The concert reached its climax when the whole choir joined.",
    "zh": "整个合唱团加入演唱时，音乐会达到了高潮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The film reaches its climax when the community unites to protect the forest from destruction.",
    "zh": "当社区居民团结起来保护森林免遭破坏时，影片达到了高潮。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reach a climax｜达到高潮",
   "a dramatic climax｜扣人心弦的高潮",
   "climax with｜以……达到高潮"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "climactic (adj.)",
   "anticlimax (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "peak",
   "high point",
   "culmination"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "anticlimax"
  ],
  "tip": "climactic指高潮的；别与climatic（气候的）混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "climax"
 },
 {
  "w": "circular",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːkjələ/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːkjələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "圆形的；环形的",
    "en": "Shaped like a circle or following a round path."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "循环的",
    "en": "Returning to the starting point rather than progressing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "通知；通函",
    "en": "A printed message distributed to many people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We placed a circular rug under the coffee table.",
    "zh": "我们在茶几下面铺了一块圆形地毯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A circular economy aims to reduce waste by keeping materials in use for as long as possible.",
    "zh": "循环经济旨在通过尽可能延长材料的使用时间来减少浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a circular table｜圆桌",
   "a circular route｜环形路线",
   "a circular economy｜循环经济",
   "a circular argument｜循环论证"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "circle (n.)",
   "circle (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "round"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "circular argument指用结论证明自身的循环论证。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "circular"
 },
 {
  "w": "toll",
  "uk": "/təʊl/",
  "us": "/toʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "道路或桥梁通行费",
    "en": "money paid to use a road or bridge"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "伤亡人数；严重损害",
    "en": "the number harmed, or damage caused by something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缓慢而有规律地鸣钟",
    "en": "to ring a large bell slowly and repeatedly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We paid a toll before driving across the bridge.",
    "zh": "我们缴了通行费才开车过桥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Long working hours can take a heavy toll on employees' physical health and family relationships.",
    "zh": "长时间工作会严重损害员工的身体健康和家庭关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pay a toll｜支付通行费",
   "death toll｜死亡人数",
   "take a toll on｜对……造成损害",
   "a bell tolls｜钟缓缓鸣响"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "take a toll on表示造成损害；death toll指死亡人数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "toll"
 },
 {
  "w": "sexual",
  "uk": "/ˈsekʃuəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsekʃuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "与性有关的",
    "en": "Relating to sex or physical attraction between people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有性生殖的",
    "en": "Involving reproduction through the joining of male and female cells."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The clinic offers confidential advice about sexual health.",
    "zh": "这家诊所提供保密的性健康咨询。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can provide age-appropriate sexual health education to help young people make informed decisions.",
    "zh": "学校可以提供适龄的性健康教育，帮助年轻人作出明智决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sexual health｜性健康",
   "sexual reproduction｜有性生殖",
   "sexual attraction｜性吸引"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sex (n.)",
   "sexually (adv.)",
   "sexuality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sexual指与性有关；sexy才常表示性感的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sexual"
 },
 {
  "w": "participation",
  "uk": "/pɑːˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/pɑːrˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "参与；参加",
    "en": "the act of taking part in an activity or event"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your participation made our neighbourhood clean-up much more enjoyable.",
    "zh": "有你参与，我们这次社区清扫活动开心多了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Active participation in community projects can strengthen social connections and give residents a greater sense of belonging.",
    "zh": "积极参与社区项目可以加强社会联系，让居民更有归属感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "participation in｜参与……",
   "active participation｜积极参与",
   "public participation｜公众参与",
   "encourage participation｜鼓励参与"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "participate (v.)",
   "participant (n.)",
   "participatory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "involvement",
   "engagement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；表示参与某活动，用participation in。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "participation"
 },
 {
  "w": "fascinate",
  "uk": "/ˈfæsɪneɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈfæsɪneɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使着迷；深深吸引",
    "en": "to attract and hold someone's attention very strongly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The colourful fish fascinated the children at the aquarium.",
    "zh": "水族馆里色彩斑斓的鱼让孩子们看得入迷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ancient civilisations continue to fascinate researchers because their achievements reveal remarkable solutions to complex practical problems.",
    "zh": "古代文明仍然令研究者着迷，因为其成就展现了解决复杂实际问题的非凡方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fascinate an audience｜深深吸引观众",
   "be fascinated by｜对……着迷",
   "never cease to fascinate｜始终令人着迷"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fascination (n.)",
   "fascinating (adj.)",
   "fascinated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "captivate",
   "enthral"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "bore"
  ],
  "tip": "事物令人着迷用fascinating；人感到着迷用fascinated。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fascinate"
 },
 {
  "w": "axis",
  "uk": "/ˈæksɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈæksɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轴；旋转轴线",
    "en": "a real or imaginary line around which something turns"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "坐标轴",
    "en": "a reference line used to locate points on a graph"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The globe spins smoothly around its tilted axis.",
    "zh": "这个地球仪绕着倾斜的轴平稳转动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The horizontal axis represents time, while the vertical axis shows changes in average household energy consumption.",
    "zh": "横坐标轴表示时间，纵坐标轴显示家庭平均能源消耗的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rotate on its axis｜绕自身轴线旋转",
   "horizontal axis｜横坐标轴",
   "vertical axis｜纵坐标轴",
   "axis of rotation｜旋转轴"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "axial (adj.)",
   "axially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数是 axes /ˈæksiːz/，注意与 axe 的复数区分。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "axis"
 },
 {
  "w": "statistics",
  "uk": "/stəˈtɪstɪks/",
  "us": "/stəˈtɪstɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "统计数据",
    "en": "numerical facts collected and organised to describe something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "统计学",
    "en": "the study of collecting, analysing, and interpreting numerical data"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These statistics show how much water our household uses.",
    "zh": "这些统计数据显示了我们家的用水量。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Official statistics indicate that access to higher education has improved significantly in rural areas.",
    "zh": "官方统计数据表明，农村地区接受高等教育的机会已显著增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "official statistics｜官方统计数据",
   "compile statistics｜汇编统计数据",
   "statistics show that｜统计数据显示",
   "study statistics｜学习统计学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "statistic (n.)",
   "statistical (adj.)",
   "statistically (adv.)",
   "statistician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指数据时谓语用复数；指统计学时谓语用单数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "statistics"
 },
 {
  "w": "storage",
  "uk": "/ˈstɔːrɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈstɔːrɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "储存；存放",
    "en": "The act of keeping things somewhere until they are needed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "数据存储；存储空间",
    "en": "The capacity or process of keeping digital information for future use."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These boxes provide useful storage for all my winter clothes.",
    "zh": "这些箱子很适合存放我所有的冬装。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved energy storage could make renewable electricity more reliable when sunlight and wind are unavailable.",
    "zh": "改进储能技术可以在缺少阳光和风力时，让可再生电力的供应更可靠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "storage space｜储物空间",
   "energy storage｜储能",
   "cloud storage｜云存储",
   "in storage｜存放着"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "store (v.)",
   "storable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "storage通常不可数；一间储藏室用a storeroom。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "storage"
 },
 {
  "w": "conjunction",
  "uk": "/kənˈdʒʌŋkʃən/",
  "us": "/kənˈdʒʌŋkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "连词",
    "en": "a word that connects words, phrases, or clauses"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结合；同时发生",
    "en": "a combination of things or events occurring together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher used coloured cards to explain conjunctions.",
    "zh": "老师用彩色卡片讲解连词。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport improvements work best in conjunction with policies that discourage unnecessary car journeys.",
    "zh": "公共交通的改善与减少不必要驾车出行的政策相结合时，效果最佳。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in conjunction with｜与……结合；与……共同",
   "coordinating conjunction｜并列连词",
   "subordinating conjunction｜从属连词"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in conjunction with常表示“与……共同或结合”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conjunction"
 },
 {
  "w": "meditate",
  "uk": "/ˈmedɪteɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈmedɪteɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "冥想；静思",
    "en": "to focus your mind calmly, often as a mental exercise"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "沉思；深思",
    "en": "to think deeply and carefully about something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I meditate for ten minutes before breakfast each morning.",
    "zh": "我每天早饭前都会冥想十分钟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some employers encourage staff to meditate during breaks as a way of managing workplace stress.",
    "zh": "一些雇主鼓励员工在休息时冥想，以缓解工作压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "meditate daily｜每天冥想",
   "meditate on something｜深入思考某事",
   "learn to meditate｜学习冥想"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "meditation (n.)",
   "meditative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "contemplate",
   "reflect"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示深思某事，常用meditate on或upon。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meditate"
 },
 {
  "w": "anxious",
  "uk": "/ˈæŋkʃəs/",
  "us": "/ˈæŋkʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "焦虑的；担忧的",
    "en": "Worried or nervous about something uncertain."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "渴望的；急切的",
    "en": "Very eager to do something or for something to happen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt anxious while waiting for my exam results.",
    "zh": "等待考试成绩时，我感到很焦虑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may become anxious about their future when career guidance is unavailable at school.",
    "zh": "学校不提供职业指导时，学生可能会对未来感到焦虑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "anxious about｜对……感到焦虑",
   "anxious to please｜急于讨好",
   "feel anxious｜感到焦虑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "anxiety (n.)",
   "anxiously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "worried",
   "uneasy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm",
   "relaxed"
  ],
  "tip": "anxious about表担忧；anxious to do常表急切。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anxious"
 },
 {
  "w": "justify",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "证明合理；为…辩护",
    "en": "Give good reasons for an action, decision, or belief."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I cannot justify buying another coat this winter.",
    "zh": "我找不到理由今年冬天再买一件外套。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must justify major infrastructure spending by demonstrating clear benefits for the wider community.",
    "zh": "政府必须通过展示对整个社区的明确益处，来证明重大基础设施支出的合理性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "justify a decision｜为决定提供理由",
   "justify the cost｜证明费用合理",
   "justify doing something｜证明做某事合理"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "justification (n.)",
   "justifiable (adj.)",
   "justifiably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "justify后接名词或动名词，不接不定式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "justify"
 },
 {
  "w": "fragrance",
  "uk": "/ˈfreɪɡrəns/",
  "us": "/ˈfreɪɡrəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "芳香；香气",
    "en": "A pleasant smell, especially from flowers or perfume."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "香水；香氛",
    "en": "A liquid or substance used to give a pleasant smell."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The fragrance of fresh roses filled the small kitchen.",
    "zh": "鲜玫瑰的香气弥漫在小厨房里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some consumers prefer products without added fragrance because scented ingredients can irritate sensitive skin.",
    "zh": "一些消费者偏爱不添加香料的产品，因为芳香成分可能刺激敏感肌肤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "delicate fragrance｜淡雅的香气",
   "floral fragrance｜花香",
   "added fragrance｜添加的香料",
   "fragrance-free products｜无香型产品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fragrant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "scent",
   "aroma"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "stench"
  ],
  "tip": "fragrance通常指好闻的气味；smell则可褒可贬。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fragrance"
 },
 {
  "w": "genius",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒiːniəs/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒiːniəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天才人物",
    "en": "someone with exceptional intelligence or creative ability"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天赋；非凡才能",
    "en": "exceptional natural ability in a particular area"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister is a genius at fixing broken toys.",
    "zh": "我姐姐修坏玩具特别有一手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Creative genius often develops when schools allow students to experiment rather than simply memorise facts.",
    "zh": "学校允许学生探索尝试，而非仅仅记忆知识时，创造天赋往往更容易得到发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a mathematical genius｜数学天才",
   "creative genius｜创造天赋",
   "a genius at｜在……方面极有才干的人",
   "a stroke of genius｜绝妙的主意"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指天才人物时可数；指非凡才能时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "genius"
 },
 {
  "w": "bibliography",
  "uk": "/ˌbɪbliˈɒɡrəfi/",
  "us": "/ˌbɪbliˈɑːɡrəfi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "参考书目；文献目录",
    "en": "a list of sources used or relevant to a subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I added the missing book to my essay's bibliography.",
    "zh": "我把漏掉的那本书补进了论文的参考书目。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A carefully prepared bibliography allows readers to locate sources and examine the evidence supporting an academic argument.",
    "zh": "精心编制的参考书目能让读者找到资料来源，并查验支持学术论点的证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "compile a bibliography｜编制参考书目",
   "annotated bibliography｜附注释的参考书目",
   "extensive bibliography｜详尽的参考书目"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bibliographic (adj.)",
   "bibliographical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bibliography是资料清单；biography是人物传记。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bibliography"
 },
 {
  "w": "inherit",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈherɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈherɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "继承财产",
    "en": "Receive money or property from someone who has died"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "经遗传获得",
    "en": "Receive physical characteristics genetically from your parents"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "接手；承袭",
    "en": "Receive responsibilities or problems left by a previous person"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leila inherited a small cottage from her grandmother.",
    "zh": "莱拉从祖母那里继承了一间小屋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Future generations may inherit serious environmental problems unless governments take decisive action to reduce pollution.",
    "zh": "除非各国政府采取果断措施减少污染，否则后代可能要接手严重的环境问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inherit property｜继承财产",
   "inherit a fortune｜继承巨额财富",
   "inherit traits｜遗传获得特征",
   "inherit from｜从……继承"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inheritance (n.)",
   "inherited (adj.)",
   "inheritor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用inherit sth from sb；遗传特征也可用。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inherit"
 },
 {
  "w": "squirrel",
  "uk": "/ˈskwɪrəl/",
  "us": "/ˈskwɜːrəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "松鼠",
    "en": "A small rodent with a bushy tail, often living in trees."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "储藏；积攒",
    "en": "To store something secretly for later use, usually with away."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A squirrel buried a nut beside our garden gate.",
    "zh": "一只松鼠在我们花园门旁埋了一颗坚果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban parks provide squirrels with food and shelter, although feeding them can alter their natural behaviour.",
    "zh": "城市公园为松鼠提供食物和栖身之所，但投喂可能改变它们的自然行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a grey squirrel｜灰松鼠",
   "a red squirrel｜红松鼠",
   "squirrel away money｜悄悄攒钱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词通常用squirrel away，指悄悄储存。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "squirrel"
 },
 {
  "w": "aluminium",
  "uk": "/ˌæljəˈmɪniəm/",
  "us": "/ˌæljəˈmɪniəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铝",
    "en": "A light, silver-coloured metal used in cans and aircraft."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This aluminium pan is light enough to carry camping.",
    "zh": "这个铝锅很轻，适合露营时携带。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recycling aluminium requires significantly less energy than producing new metal from raw materials, reducing industrial emissions.",
    "zh": "回收铝所需的能源远少于从原材料中提炼新铝，有助于减少工业排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "aluminium foil｜铝箔",
   "aluminium alloy｜铝合金",
   "aluminium can｜铝罐",
   "recycled aluminium｜再生铝"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式通常写作aluminum，读作/əˈluːmɪnəm/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aluminium"
 },
 {
  "w": "spy",
  "uk": "/spaɪ/",
  "us": "/spaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "间谍；密探",
    "en": "Someone who secretly gathers information about a country or organisation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "从事间谍活动；暗中监视",
    "en": "To secretly watch someone or gather information about them"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "突然发现；瞥见",
    "en": "To notice someone or something, especially after looking carefully"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I spied a tiny kitten hiding behind the flowerpot.",
    "zh": "我瞥见一只小猫躲在花盆后面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many users worry that connected devices could spy on their activities without permission.",
    "zh": "许多用户担心联网设备可能未经允许就暗中监视他们的活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spy on someone｜暗中监视某人",
   "spy novel｜间谍小说",
   "spy network｜间谍网"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spying (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "监视某人用spy on；过去式和过去分词为spied。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spy"
 },
 {
  "w": "lighting",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "照明；灯光效果",
    "en": "The lights in a place or the effects they produce."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soft lighting makes this room feel warm and cosy.",
    "zh": "柔和的灯光让这个房间显得温暖舒适。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved street lighting can make pedestrians feel safer and encourage more people to walk after dark.",
    "zh": "改善街道照明可以增强行人的安全感，并鼓励更多人在天黑后步行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "street lighting｜街道照明",
   "natural lighting｜自然采光",
   "poor lighting｜照明不足",
   "lighting effects｜灯光效果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "light (n.)",
   "light (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "illumination"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示整体照明时不可数；单个灯用a light。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lighting"
 },
 {
  "w": "hostage",
  "uk": "/ˈhɒstɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːstɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人质",
    "en": "someone held captive to force others to meet demands"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hostage returned home safely and hugged her family.",
    "zh": "那名人质平安回家，拥抱了家人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must balance public safety with the need to secure the release of every hostage.",
    "zh": "政府必须兼顾公众安全与确保每一名人质获释的需要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take someone hostage｜劫持某人作人质",
   "hold someone hostage｜扣押某人作人质",
   "release a hostage｜释放人质",
   "hostage negotiations｜人质谈判"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "take或hold someone hostage中，hostage前不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hostage"
 },
 {
  "w": "overlapping",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈlæpɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvərˈlæpɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "部分重叠的",
    "en": "Covering part of the same area or period."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "部分相同的；交叉的",
    "en": "Sharing some features, interests, or responsibilities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The roof was covered with rows of overlapping tiles.",
    "zh": "屋顶铺着一排排相互搭叠的瓦片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Overlapping responsibilities between government departments can create confusion and delay the implementation of essential public services.",
    "zh": "政府部门之间职责交叉可能造成混乱，并延误重要公共服务的落实。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "overlapping responsibilities｜交叉的职责",
   "overlapping interests｜共同的利益或兴趣",
   "overlapping circles｜相交的圆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "overlap (v.)",
   "overlap (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "non-overlapping"
  ],
  "tip": "强调部分重合，不一定完全相同；也可指时间重叠。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overlapping"
 },
 {
  "w": "abnormal",
  "uk": "/æbˈnɔːml/",
  "us": "/æbˈnɔːrml/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "异常的；反常的",
    "en": "Different from what is usual or expected, often causing concern."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic noticed an abnormal noise from the engine.",
    "zh": "修理工注意到发动机发出异常响声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular medical screening can detect abnormal changes before they develop into conditions that require complex treatment.",
    "zh": "定期医学筛查可以在异常变化发展为需要复杂治疗的疾病之前发现它们。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "abnormal behaviour｜反常行为",
   "abnormal growth｜异常生长",
   "abnormal heart rhythm｜心律异常"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "normal (adj.)",
   "normally (adv.)",
   "abnormally (adv.)",
   "abnormality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unusual",
   "atypical"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "normal",
   "typical"
  ],
  "tip": "常用于医学或异常现象，不宜随意用来评价人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "abnormal"
 },
 {
  "w": "enhance",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈhɑːns/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈhæns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提升；增强；改善",
    "en": "Improve the quality, value, or appeal of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A little lemon juice enhances the flavour of this soup.",
    "zh": "加一点柠檬汁能让这道汤的味道更好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to green spaces can enhance residents' wellbeing and encourage more active lifestyles in crowded cities.",
    "zh": "在拥挤的城市中，便利的绿地资源可以提升居民的幸福感，并鼓励更积极的生活方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enhance performance｜提升表现",
   "enhance the quality of｜改善……的质量",
   "enhance someone's reputation｜提升某人的声誉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enhancement (n.)",
   "enhancer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "improve",
   "boost"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "diminish",
   "impair"
  ],
  "tip": "强调质量、效果或价值提升，不单指数量增加。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enhance"
 },
 {
  "w": "percussion",
  "uk": "/pəˈkʌʃən/",
  "us": "/pɚˈkʌʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "打击乐器；打击乐声部",
    "en": "Musical instruments played by hitting, shaking, or scraping them."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister plays percussion in the school band.",
    "zh": "我姐姐在学校乐队里演奏打击乐器。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Group percussion lessons can help children develop coordination while encouraging cooperation and creative expression.",
    "zh": "集体打击乐课程可以帮助儿童发展协调能力，同时促进合作与创造性表达。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "percussion instruments｜打击乐器",
   "play percussion｜演奏打击乐器",
   "percussion section｜打击乐声部"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "percussionist (n.)",
   "percussive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "总称时不可数；一件打击乐器用a percussion instrument。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "percussion"
 },
 {
  "w": "compensate",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmpenseɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmpenseɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赔偿；补偿",
    "en": "To give someone money or something else for loss or harm."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弥补；抵消",
    "en": "To balance a disadvantage by providing something beneficial."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The airline compensated us for our lost luggage.",
    "zh": "航空公司赔偿了我们丢失行李的损失。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should compensate farmers for income lost when agricultural land is converted into protected habitats.",
    "zh": "政府应补偿农民因农田被改为受保护栖息地而损失的收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "compensate someone for a loss｜赔偿某人的损失",
   "compensate for a lack of｜弥补……的不足",
   "fully compensate｜充分补偿"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compensation (n.)",
   "compensatory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "赔偿某人用compensate sb for sth；弥补用for。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "compensate"
 },
 {
  "w": "commit",
  "uk": "/kəˈmɪt/",
  "us": "/kəˈmɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "犯（罪或错误）",
    "en": "To do something illegal or seriously wrong."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "承诺；使承担义务",
    "en": "To promise firmly to do something or support someone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "投入（资金或资源）",
    "en": "To make money, time, or resources available for a purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The police arrested someone who had committed a burglary.",
    "zh": "警方逮捕了一名入室盗窃者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must commit sufficient resources to public transport if they want to reduce urban traffic congestion.",
    "zh": "如果政府想缓解城市交通拥堵，就必须向公共交通投入充足的资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commit a crime｜犯罪",
   "commit to doing something｜承诺做某事",
   "commit resources to｜向……投入资源",
   "commit oneself to｜致力于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "commitment (n.)",
   "committed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "commit to中的to是介词，后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commit"
 },
 {
  "w": "devote",
  "uk": "/dɪˈvəʊt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈvoʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "投入；奉献",
    "en": "To give time, effort, or resources to someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I devote an hour each evening to practising the piano.",
    "zh": "我每天晚上花一个小时练钢琴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should devote more resources to preventive healthcare rather than relying entirely on expensive medical treatments.",
    "zh": "政府应将更多资源投入预防性医疗，而不是完全依赖昂贵的医学治疗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "devote time to｜投入时间于",
   "devote resources to｜投入资源于",
   "devote oneself to｜致力于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "devotion (n.)",
   "devoted (adj.)",
   "devotedly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dedicate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "devote…to中的to是介词，后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "devote"
 },
 {
  "w": "self",
  "uk": "/self/",
  "us": "/self/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自我；本来面貌",
    "en": "The personality and qualities that make you who you are."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After a good sleep, I felt like my usual self.",
    "zh": "好好睡了一觉后，我感觉又恢复了平常的状态。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Creative activities can help young people develop a stronger sense of self during periods of rapid change.",
    "zh": "在迅速变化的时期，创意活动能帮助年轻人形成更强的自我意识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sense of self｜自我意识",
   "your true self｜真实的自己",
   "your usual self｜你平常的状态"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "selfish (adj.)",
   "selfless (adj.)",
   "selfhood (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "self是名词；表达“我自己”通常用myself。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "self"
 },
 {
  "w": "dental",
  "uk": "/ˈdentəl/",
  "us": "/ˈdentəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "牙齿的；牙科的",
    "en": "Relating to teeth or their care and treatment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My dental appointment is early tomorrow, before work.",
    "zh": "我的牙科预约在明天一早，上班之前。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing affordable dental care in schools could reduce health inequalities and prevent problems later in life.",
    "zh": "在学校提供价格可负担的牙科保健服务，可以减少健康不平等，并预防日后的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dental care｜牙齿保健",
   "dental treatment｜牙科治疗",
   "dental check-up｜牙齿检查",
   "dental floss｜牙线"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dentist (n.)",
   "dentistry (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dental是形容词；牙医是dentist。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dental"
 },
 {
  "w": "punch",
  "uk": "/pʌntʃ/",
  "us": "/pʌntʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用拳猛击",
    "en": "to hit someone or something with a closed hand"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一拳；拳击",
    "en": "a hit made with a closed hand"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打孔",
    "en": "to make a hole using a special tool"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She punched the training bag, then caught her breath.",
    "zh": "她用拳猛击训练沙袋，然后喘了口气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Boxers learn to deliver a controlled punch while maintaining balance and protecting themselves from injury.",
    "zh": "拳击运动员学习在保持平衡、避免受伤的同时，有控制地出拳。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "punch a bag｜击打沙袋",
   "throw a punch｜挥拳",
   "punch a hole｜打孔",
   "hole punch｜打孔器"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "punch用拳头打；slap通常指用手掌拍打。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "punch"
 },
 {
  "w": "dine",
  "uk": "/daɪn/",
  "us": "/daɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "进餐；用餐",
    "en": "To eat a meal, especially dinner."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We dined outside beside the river last night.",
    "zh": "昨晚我们在河边的露天座位用餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourists who dine at locally owned restaurants can support small businesses and experience regional food traditions.",
    "zh": "在当地人经营的餐馆用餐，游客既能支持小企业，也能体验地方饮食传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dine out｜外出用餐",
   "dine with friends｜与朋友共进餐",
   "dine at a restaurant｜在餐馆用餐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "diner (n.)",
   "dining (n.)",
   "dinner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "eat"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比eat正式，通常不直接接食物作宾语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dine"
 },
 {
  "w": "knot",
  "uk": "/nɒt/",
  "us": "/nɑːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "绳结；结",
    "en": "A tight fastening made by tying rope or string."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打结；把…系牢",
    "en": "To tie something into a knot."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "节（航速单位）",
    "en": "A speed unit equal to one nautical mile per hour."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This knot is too tight for me to undo.",
    "zh": "这个结太紧了，我解不开。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During outdoor education courses, students learn to tie a secure knot before attempting basic climbing activities.",
    "zh": "在户外教育课程中，学生先学习打牢固的绳结，再尝试基础攀爬活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tie a knot｜打结",
   "undo a knot｜解开绳结",
   "a tight knot｜紧结",
   "a speed of twenty knots｜二十节的速度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "knotted (adj)",
   "knotty (adj)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "k不发音；航速的knot是每小时一海里。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "knot"
 },
 {
  "w": "drift",
  "uk": "/drɪft/",
  "us": "/drɪft/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "漂流；飘移",
    "en": "To move slowly, carried by water or air."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逐渐偏离；无目的移动",
    "en": "To move or change gradually without clear purpose or control."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大意；主旨",
    "en": "The general meaning of what someone says or writes."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a fallen leaf drift across the pond.",
    "zh": "我们看着一片落叶缓缓漂过池塘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without affordable housing and stable employment, young residents may gradually drift away from rural communities.",
    "zh": "如果缺乏负担得起的住房和稳定的工作，年轻居民可能会逐渐离开农村社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "drift apart｜逐渐疏远",
   "drift off to sleep｜渐渐入睡",
   "drift away｜慢慢离开",
   "get the drift｜领会大意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drifter (n.)",
   "drifting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "float"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "drift强调随水、风移动，或缺乏明确方向。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drift"
 },
 {
  "w": "adapt",
  "uk": "/əˈdæpt/",
  "us": "/əˈdæpt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "适应；使适应",
    "en": "to change behaviour or features to suit new conditions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "改编；改装",
    "en": "to change something for a different use or audience"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our cat quickly adapted to life in the new flat.",
    "zh": "我们的猫很快适应了新公寓里的生活。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools must adapt their teaching methods to meet the needs of students from diverse cultural backgrounds.",
    "zh": "学校必须调整教学方法，以满足不同文化背景学生的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adapt to change｜适应变化",
   "adapt teaching methods｜调整教学方法",
   "adapt a novel for television｜把小说改编成电视剧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adaptation (n.)",
   "adaptable (adj.)",
   "adaptability (n.)",
   "adaptive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adjust",
   "modify"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "adapt to后接名词或动名词；勿混adopt（采用）。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adapt"
 },
 {
  "w": "temptation",
  "uk": "/tempˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/tempˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诱惑；诱惑物",
    "en": "A strong desire for something, or something causing that desire."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I resisted the temptation to eat another slice of cake.",
    "zh": "我忍住了再吃一块蛋糕的诱惑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may face the temptation to copy online material rather than develop their own ideas.",
    "zh": "学生可能会受到诱惑，抄袭网上的材料，而不是形成自己的观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "resist temptation｜抵制诱惑",
   "give in to temptation｜经不住诱惑",
   "the temptation to do something｜做某事的诱惑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tempt (v.)",
   "tempting (adj.)",
   "tempted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用the temptation to do，表示想做某事的诱惑。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "temptation"
 },
 {
  "w": "cigar",
  "uk": "/sɪˈɡɑː/",
  "us": "/sɪˈɡɑːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雪茄烟",
    "en": "a thick roll of dried tobacco leaves made for smoking"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An unlit cigar lay inside the small wooden box.",
    "zh": "小木盒里放着一支未点燃的雪茄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns should explain that smoking cigars also carries serious risks to health.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传应说明，抽雪茄同样会严重危害健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cigar smoke｜雪茄烟雾",
   "cigar box｜雪茄盒",
   "smoke a cigar｜抽雪茄"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cigar是雪茄；cigarette是通常用纸卷制的香烟。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cigar"
 },
 {
  "w": "mutual",
  "uk": "/ˈmjuːtʃuəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmjuːtʃuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相互的；彼此的",
    "en": "Felt or done by each person towards the other."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "共同的；共有的",
    "en": "Shared by two or more people or groups."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our friendship grew through mutual trust and honest conversations.",
    "zh": "我们的友谊通过相互信任和坦诚交流而加深。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Successful international cooperation depends on mutual respect and a willingness to address shared environmental challenges.",
    "zh": "成功的国际合作有赖于相互尊重，以及共同应对环境挑战的意愿。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mutual respect｜相互尊重",
   "mutual benefit｜互利",
   "mutual friend｜共同的朋友",
   "by mutual agreement｜经双方同意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mutually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reciprocal",
   "shared"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "one-sided"
  ],
  "tip": "mutual friend是共同朋友，不是彼此的朋友。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mutual"
 },
 {
  "w": "goodness",
  "uk": "/ˈɡʊdnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈɡʊdnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "善良；美德",
    "en": "the quality of being kind and morally good"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "营养；有益成分",
    "en": "the substances in food that help keep you healthy"
   },
   {
    "pos": "int.",
    "zh": "天哪",
    "en": "used to express surprise, worry, or shock"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her goodness showed when she shared her last sandwich.",
    "zh": "她把最后一个三明治分给别人，显露出善良的本性。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Steaming vegetables can preserve more of their natural goodness than boiling them for long periods.",
    "zh": "与长时间水煮相比，蒸蔬菜能保留更多天然营养。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "out of the goodness of your heart｜纯粹出于好心",
   "natural goodness｜天然营养",
   "thank goodness｜谢天谢地",
   "my goodness｜天哪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "good (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "kindness",
   "virtue"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "wickedness"
  ],
  "tip": "作名词通常不可数；My goodness表示惊讶。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "goodness"
 },
 {
  "w": "charcoal",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃɑːkəʊl/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃɑːrkoʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "木炭",
    "en": "A black material made by heating wood with little air."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "绘画用炭笔",
    "en": "Charcoal sticks used for drawing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cooked the vegetables over glowing charcoal in the garden.",
    "zh": "我们在花园里用烧得通红的木炭烤蔬菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Heavy demand for charcoal can contribute to deforestation where trees are harvested faster than they can regrow.",
    "zh": "在树木砍伐速度超过再生速度的地区，对木炭的大量需求可能加剧森林砍伐。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "charcoal grill｜炭火烤架",
   "charcoal drawing｜炭笔画",
   "activated charcoal｜活性炭",
   "charcoal production｜木炭生产"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "charcoal通常不可数；coal是煤，不是木炭。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "charcoal"
 },
 {
  "w": "fragile",
  "uk": "/ˈfrædʒaɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈfrædʒəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "易碎的；易损坏的",
    "en": "Easily broken or damaged"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "脆弱的；不稳固的",
    "en": "Easily weakened, upset, or disrupted"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please wrap these fragile cups before packing them.",
    "zh": "请先把这些易碎的杯子包好，再装箱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourism can threaten fragile ecosystems when large groups visit sensitive habitats without adequate environmental safeguards.",
    "zh": "如果大批游客在缺乏充分环保措施的情况下进入敏感栖息地，旅游活动就可能威胁脆弱的生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fragile glass｜易碎的玻璃",
   "fragile ecosystem｜脆弱的生态系统",
   "fragile recovery｜不稳固的复苏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fragility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "delicate",
   "breakable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "robust",
   "sturdy"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容易碎物品，也可形容经济或情绪脆弱。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fragile"
 },
 {
  "w": "rib",
  "uk": "/rɪb/",
  "us": "/rɪb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肋骨",
    "en": "One of the curved bones surrounding the chest."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "排骨",
    "en": "A piece of meat containing an animal's rib bones."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "善意地取笑",
    "en": "To tease someone in a friendly way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor pointed to a rib on the model.",
    "zh": "医生指着模型上的一根肋骨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wearing appropriate protective equipment can reduce the risk of rib injuries during contact sports.",
    "zh": "参加身体接触类运动时，穿戴合适的防护装备可以降低肋骨受伤的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "broken rib｜断裂的肋骨",
   "rib cage｜胸廓",
   "grilled ribs｜烤排骨",
   "rib someone about something｜拿某事善意地取笑某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ribbed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示排骨通常用复数ribs；动词rib属非正式用法。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rib"
 },
 {
  "w": "lonesome",
  "uk": "/ˈləʊn.səm/",
  "us": "/ˈloʊn.səm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "孤独的；寂寞的",
    "en": "Feeling unhappy because you lack company"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "偏僻冷清的",
    "en": "Quiet and remote, with few or no people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt lonesome after my sister moved away.",
    "zh": "姐姐搬走后，我感到很寂寞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Older adults may feel lonesome after retirement, especially if they have few opportunities for regular social contact.",
    "zh": "老年人退休后可能会感到孤独，尤其是在缺少日常社交机会的情况下。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel lonesome｜感到寂寞",
   "a lonesome road｜一条偏僻冷清的路"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lonesomeness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lonely"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "多见于美式英语；lonely更通用，alone只表示独自一人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lonesome"
 },
 {
  "w": "coffin",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒfɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈkɔːfɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "棺材；灵柩",
    "en": "A box holding a dead person's body for burial or cremation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "White flowers lay on the closed wooden coffin.",
    "zh": "合上的木棺上放着白花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The materials used to make a coffin can reflect local resources and cultural traditions.",
    "zh": "制作棺材所用的材料可以反映当地资源和文化传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wooden coffin｜木棺",
   "carry a coffin｜抬棺",
   "a nail in the coffin｜促使失败的因素"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "casket"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "casket在美式英语中也常指棺材。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coffin"
 },
 {
  "w": "transaction",
  "uk": "/trænˈzækʃən/",
  "us": "/trænˈzækʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "交易；业务办理",
    "en": "an act of buying, selling, or exchanging money"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cashier gave me a receipt for the transaction.",
    "zh": "收银员给了我这笔交易的收据。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Secure payment systems are essential for protecting personal information during online transactions and maintaining consumer confidence.",
    "zh": "安全的支付系统对于保护线上交易中的个人信息及维持消费者信心至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "financial transaction｜金融交易",
   "complete a transaction｜完成交易",
   "transaction fee｜交易手续费",
   "online transaction｜线上交易"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transact (v.)",
   "transactional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常可数：一笔交易是a transaction。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transaction"
 },
 {
  "w": "catalog",
  "uk": "/ˈkætəlɒɡ/",
  "us": "/ˈkætəlɔːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "目录；商品目录册",
    "en": "An organised list of items, often with descriptions or pictures."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "编目；系统记录",
    "en": "To arrange and record items in an organised list."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I found a sturdy desk in the furniture catalog.",
    "zh": "我在家具目录里找到了一张结实的书桌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A searchable digital catalog allows researchers to locate historical documents without travelling to distant archives.",
    "zh": "可检索的数字目录让研究人员无需前往遥远的档案馆就能查找历史文献。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "online catalog｜在线目录",
   "product catalog｜产品目录",
   "library catalog｜图书馆目录",
   "catalog a collection｜为藏品编目"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cataloger (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "catalog是常见美式拼写；英式通常写catalogue。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "catalog"
 },
 {
  "w": "remote",
  "uk": "/rɪˈməʊt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈmoʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "偏远的；遥远的",
    "en": "Far away from towns, cities, or other people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "远程的",
    "en": "Done or controlled from a different location."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极小的；不大可能的",
    "en": "Very unlikely to happen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They live in a remote village surrounded by mountains.",
    "zh": "他们住在一个群山环绕的偏远村庄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Remote working can expand employment opportunities for people who live far from major urban centres.",
    "zh": "远程办公能为远离大城市的人拓展就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remote village｜偏远村庄",
   "remote working｜远程办公",
   "remote control｜遥控器；遥控",
   "remote possibility｜极小的可能性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "remotely (adv.)",
   "remoteness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "distant",
   "isolated"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "nearby"
  ],
  "tip": "remote还可作名词，口语中指遥控器。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "remote"
 },
 {
  "w": "dumb",
  "uk": "/dʌm/",
  "us": "/dʌm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "愚蠢的；傻的",
    "en": "not sensible or intelligent, in informal and often insulting use"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "一时说不出话的",
    "en": "temporarily unable to speak because of surprise or strong emotion"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不能说话的（旧称）",
    "en": "unable to speak; an outdated and potentially offensive description"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was dumb to leave my keys inside again.",
    "zh": "又把钥匙落在里面，真是太傻了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Simplified news should improve accessibility without dumbing down complex issues or removing evidence that readers need.",
    "zh": "简化新闻应提高可读性，而不应将复杂问题过度简化或删去读者需要的证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a dumb mistake｜愚蠢的错误",
   "struck dumb｜惊得说不出话",
   "dumb down｜过度简化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dumbness (n.)",
   "dumbly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "foolish",
   "stupid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sensible"
  ],
  "tip": "b不发音；指人愚笨有侮辱性，指失语者已过时。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "用于形容人愚笨可能冒犯；指不能说话者的用法已过时。",
  "id": "dumb"
 },
 {
  "w": "breed",
  "uk": "/briːd/",
  "us": "/briːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "繁殖；培育",
    "en": "To produce young, or keep animals to produce young."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "品种",
    "en": "A group of domestic animals sharing particular inherited characteristics."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "滋生；导致",
    "en": "To cause something, especially something harmful, to develop."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These birds usually breed here during the warmer months.",
    "zh": "这些鸟通常在天气较暖的月份在这里繁殖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Conservation programmes breed endangered animals in protected environments before releasing them into suitable natural habitats.",
    "zh": "保护项目在受保护的环境中繁育濒危动物，再将它们放归适宜的自然栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "breeding season｜繁殖季节",
   "a breed of dog｜一种犬种",
   "breed animals｜繁育动物",
   "breed resentment｜滋生怨恨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "breeder (n.)",
   "breeding (n.)",
   "crossbreed (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reproduce"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为bred；品种breed不同于物种species。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "breed"
 },
 {
  "w": "nerve",
  "uk": "/nɜːv/",
  "us": "/nɝːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "神经",
    "en": "A fibre carrying signals between the brain and body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "勇气；胆量",
    "en": "The courage to do something difficult or frightening."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "厚颜；放肆",
    "en": "Rude confidence that makes someone behave without respect."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dentist explained that a nerve was causing the pain.",
    "zh": "牙医解释说，疼痛是由一条神经引起的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Damage to a single nerve can affect movement and reduce a patient's quality of life.",
    "zh": "一条神经受损就可能影响运动能力，降低患者的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nerve damage｜神经损伤",
   "lose your nerve｜失去勇气",
   "have the nerve to do something｜竟敢做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nervous (adj.)",
   "nervously (adv.)",
   "nervousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nerve指勇气常不可数；nerves可指紧张情绪。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nerve"
 },
 {
  "w": "proposal",
  "uk": "/prəˈpəʊzəl/",
  "us": "/prəˈpoʊzəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "提议；建议；方案",
    "en": "A suggested plan for others to consider."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "求婚",
    "en": "An act of asking someone to marry you."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone liked my proposal to turn the spare room into an office.",
    "zh": "大家都喜欢我把空房间改成办公室的提议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The council is considering a proposal to replace an unused car park with affordable housing.",
    "zh": "地方议会正在考虑一项将闲置停车场改建为经济适用住房的方案。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "put forward a proposal｜提出方案",
   "approve a proposal｜批准方案",
   "a proposal to do something｜做某事的提议",
   "a marriage proposal｜求婚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "propose (v.)",
   "proposed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "suggestion",
   "plan"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "proposal to do表示做某事的提议，通常为可数名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "proposal"
 },
 {
  "w": "sustainable",
  "uk": "/səˈsteɪnəbl/",
  "us": "/səˈsteɪnəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不破坏环境的；可持续的",
    "en": "Using resources without exhausting them or causing lasting environmental damage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可长期维持的",
    "en": "Able to continue over a long period."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She chooses sustainable products with little or no plastic packaging.",
    "zh": "她选择塑料包装很少或不用塑料包装的环保产品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities should promote sustainable transport by investing in reliable bus services and safe cycling infrastructure.",
    "zh": "城市应投资建设可靠的公交服务和安全的骑行设施，推动可持续交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sustainable development｜可持续发展",
   "sustainable agriculture｜可持续农业",
   "sustainable transport｜可持续交通",
   "sustainable growth｜可持续增长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sustain (v.)",
   "sustainability (n.)",
   "sustainably (adv.)",
   "unsustainable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unsustainable"
  ],
  "tip": "renewable强调可再生；sustainable强调可持续。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sustainable"
 },
 {
  "w": "expansion",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspænʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspænʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "扩大；扩张；膨胀",
    "en": "An increase in size, amount, or area"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen expansion gave us room for a table.",
    "zh": "厨房扩建后，我们有地方放餐桌了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid urban expansion can threaten nearby farmland unless local authorities introduce effective planning controls.",
    "zh": "如果地方政府不实施有效的规划管控，快速的城市扩张可能威胁周边农田。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "urban expansion｜城市扩张",
   "economic expansion｜经济扩张",
   "thermal expansion｜热膨胀",
   "rapid expansion｜迅速扩张"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expand (v.)",
   "expandable (adj.)",
   "expansive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "growth",
   "enlargement"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "contraction"
  ],
  "tip": "动词是expand，名词拼写变为expansion。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expansion"
 },
 {
  "w": "pottery",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒtəri/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːtəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陶器",
    "en": "Objects shaped from clay and hardened by heating."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "制陶；陶艺",
    "en": "The activity of making objects from clay."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陶器作坊；陶器厂",
    "en": "A place where clay objects are made."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The market stall displayed pottery in soft earthy colours.",
    "zh": "市场摊位上陈列着色调柔和、带有泥土色泽的陶器。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional pottery can reveal how earlier societies stored food, traded goods, and expressed their cultural identity.",
    "zh": "传统陶器能够揭示早期社会如何储存食物、交易商品以及表达文化身份。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "handmade pottery｜手工陶器",
   "pottery class｜陶艺课",
   "pottery wheel｜陶轮",
   "pottery fragments｜陶器碎片"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "potter (n.)",
   "pot (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ceramics"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指陶器统称时不可数；一件用a piece of pottery。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pottery"
 },
 {
  "w": "dependence",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpendəns/",
  "us": "/dɪˈpendəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "依赖；依靠",
    "en": "the need to rely on someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成瘾；依赖性",
    "en": "a strong physical or mental need for a substance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Learning to cycle reduced my dependence on lifts from friends.",
    "zh": "学会骑自行车后，我不再那么依赖朋友开车接送。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in renewable energy can reduce a country's dependence on imported fuels and improve energy security.",
    "zh": "投资可再生能源可以减少国家对进口燃料的依赖，并提升能源安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dependence on｜对……的依赖",
   "reduce dependence｜减少依赖",
   "financial dependence｜经济依赖",
   "drug dependence｜药物依赖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "depend (v.)",
   "dependent (adj.)",
   "independence (n.)",
   "independent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reliance"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "independence",
   "self-reliance"
  ],
  "tip": "固定搭配dependence on，不用dependence of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dependence"
 },
 {
  "w": "boast",
  "uk": "/bəʊst/",
  "us": "/boʊst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吹嘘；自夸",
    "en": "To speak too proudly about your achievements or possessions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拥有值得自豪的事物",
    "en": "To have a feature that deserves admiration."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自夸的话；夸口",
    "en": "A statement expressing excessive pride in something about yourself."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He always boasts about how fast he can run.",
    "zh": "他总是吹嘘自己跑得有多快。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The city boasts an extensive public transport network, making it an attractive destination for sustainable tourism.",
    "zh": "这座城市拥有完善的公共交通网络，使其成为颇具吸引力的可持续旅游目的地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "boast about achievements｜吹嘘成就",
   "boast that｜夸口说",
   "an empty boast｜空洞的夸口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "boastful (adj.)",
   "boastfully (adv.)",
   "boastfulness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "brag"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "自夸用boast about；表示拥有时直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "boast"
 },
 {
  "w": "conservative",
  "uk": "/kənˈsɜːvətɪv/",
  "us": "/kənˈsɝːvətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "保守的；守旧的",
    "en": "preferring traditional ideas and avoiding major changes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "谨慎的；偏低的",
    "en": "deliberately low or cautious to avoid overestimating"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保守派人士",
    "en": "someone who favours traditional values and limited change"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle is conservative and dislikes changing family traditions.",
    "zh": "我叔叔很保守，不喜欢改变家里的传统。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even conservative estimates suggest that improving home insulation could substantially reduce household energy consumption.",
    "zh": "即使按保守估计，改善住宅隔热也能大幅减少家庭能源消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conservative views｜保守观点",
   "conservative estimate｜保守估计",
   "conservative approach｜谨慎的做法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conservatism (n.)",
   "conservatively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "traditional",
   "cautious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "progressive"
  ],
  "tip": "小写通常指保守；大写可表示保守党的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conservative"
 },
 {
  "w": "turnip",
  "uk": "/ˈtɜːnɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈtɝːnɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "芜菁；蔓菁",
    "en": "a round root vegetable, usually white with a purple top"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I added a chopped turnip to the vegetable soup.",
    "zh": "我往蔬菜汤里加了一颗切碎的芜菁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing root vegetables such as turnips can help communities diversify local food supplies during cooler months.",
    "zh": "种植芜菁等根茎类蔬菜，有助于社区在较冷的月份丰富本地食物供应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "roasted turnips｜烤芜菁",
   "turnip greens｜芜菁叶",
   "turnip soup｜芜菁汤"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指芜菁；不要与radish（萝卜）或swede（芜菁甘蓝）混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "turnip"
 },
 {
  "w": "conductor",
  "uk": "/kənˈdʌktə/",
  "us": "/kənˈdʌktər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "指挥",
    "en": "Someone who directs an orchestra or choir"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "导体",
    "en": "A material that allows heat or electricity to pass through"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乘务员；售票员",
    "en": "Someone who checks or sells tickets on public transport"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The conductor raised her arms, and the orchestra fell silent.",
    "zh": "指挥举起双臂，管弦乐队随即安静下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Copper is an effective conductor of electricity, making it a common material in household wiring.",
    "zh": "铜是良好的电导体，因此常被用于家庭电路布线。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an orchestra conductor｜管弦乐队指挥",
   "a good conductor of heat｜热的良导体",
   "a train conductor｜列车乘务员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conduct (v.)",
   "conduction (n.)",
   "conductive (adj.)",
   "conductivity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "导体常搭配of heat或of electricity。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conductor"
 },
 {
  "w": "encounter",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkaʊntə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈkaʊntər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "遇到；遭遇",
    "en": "meet someone or experience something, especially unexpectedly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "偶遇；相遇",
    "en": "an unexpected meeting or experience involving someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We encountered a curious fox on our evening walk.",
    "zh": "我们傍晚散步时遇到了一只好奇的狐狸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students studying abroad may encounter cultural differences that challenge their assumptions about communication and social behaviour.",
    "zh": "留学生可能遇到文化差异，从而反思自己对沟通和社会行为的原有看法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "encounter difficulties｜遇到困难",
   "encounter resistance｜遭遇阻力",
   "a chance encounter｜一次偶遇",
   "an encounter with｜与……的相遇"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "meet",
   "come across"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词直接接宾语；名词常用an encounter with。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "encounter"
 },
 {
  "w": "acid",
  "uk": "/ˈæsɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈæsɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酸；酸性物质",
    "en": "A chemical substance with a pH below seven."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "酸性的；酸味的",
    "en": "Containing acid or having a sharp, sour taste."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "尖刻的；讽刺的",
    "en": "Expressing criticism in a sharp and unkind way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The acid in lemon juice can help remove stains.",
    "zh": "柠檬汁中的酸有助于去除污渍。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Acid rain can damage forests and reduce the ability of lakes to support aquatic life.",
    "zh": "酸雨会破坏森林，并削弱湖泊维持水生生物生存的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "acid rain｜酸雨",
   "stomach acid｜胃酸",
   "acid soil｜酸性土壤",
   "an acid remark｜尖刻的评论"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "acidic (adj.)",
   "acidity (n.)",
   "acidify (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "acid可作名词或形容词；acidic常指呈酸性的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "acid"
 },
 {
  "w": "proportion",
  "uk": "/prəˈpɔːʃən/",
  "us": "/prəˈpɔːrʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "比例；部分",
    "en": "a part or share of a whole"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "比例关系；相称",
    "en": "the relationship in size or amount between things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A large proportion of my wages goes on rent.",
    "zh": "我的工资很大一部分用来付房租。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proportion of residents using public transport increased after the city introduced cheaper monthly passes.",
    "zh": "该市推出更便宜的月票后，使用公共交通的居民比例上升了。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a large proportion of｜很大一部分",
   "in proportion to｜与……成比例",
   "out of proportion｜不成比例"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "proportional (adj.)",
   "proportionally (adv.)",
   "proportionate (adj.)",
   "disproportionate (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "share",
   "percentage"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a proportion of后谓语单复数取决于所指名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "proportion"
 },
 {
  "w": "sniff",
  "uk": "/snɪf/",
  "us": "/snɪf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "嗅；抽鼻子",
    "en": "to draw air through the nose to smell or clear it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "嗅；抽鼻子的声音",
    "en": "an act or sound of drawing air through the nose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "对……不屑一顾",
    "en": "to show that something seems unworthy of consideration"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puppy sniffed my shoes before letting me inside.",
    "zh": "小狗嗅了嗅我的鞋，才让我进去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Trained dogs can sniff out certain substances, making them valuable partners in wildlife conservation projects.",
    "zh": "经过训练的狗能嗅出某些物质，因此是野生动物保护项目中的宝贵伙伴。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sniff the air｜嗅空气中的气味",
   "sniff out｜嗅出；发现",
   "sniff at｜对……不屑一顾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sniffer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sniff at可表示轻视；sniff out表示嗅出或查出。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sniff"
 },
 {
  "w": "faithfully",
  "uk": "/ˈfeɪθfəli/",
  "us": "/ˈfeɪθfəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "忠诚地；忠实地",
    "en": "with continuing loyalty or commitment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "如实地；准确地",
    "en": "in a way that accurately matches the original"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our dog waited faithfully beside the door every evening.",
    "zh": "我们的狗每晚都忠实地守在门边等候。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museum restorers aim to reproduce historical colours faithfully while preserving as much original material as possible.",
    "zh": "博物馆修复人员力求如实再现历史色彩，同时尽可能保留原有材料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "serve faithfully｜忠诚地服务",
   "reproduce faithfully｜忠实再现",
   "Yours faithfully｜谨上（正式信函结尾）"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "faithful (adj.)",
   "faithfulness (n.)",
   "faith (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "loyally",
   "accurately"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfaithfully"
  ],
  "tip": "英式正式信函不知收信人姓名时常用Yours faithfully。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "faithfully"
 },
 {
  "w": "furnish",
  "uk": "/ˈfɜː.nɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈfɝː.nɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为…配备家具",
    "en": "put furniture into a room or building"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提供；供应",
    "en": "provide someone with something needed, especially information"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We furnished our flat with second-hand tables and chairs.",
    "zh": "我们用二手桌椅布置了公寓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Applicants must furnish the university with evidence of their qualifications before their applications can be assessed.",
    "zh": "申请人必须向大学提供学历或资格证明，学校才能评估其申请。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "furnish a flat｜为公寓配备家具",
   "furnish someone with evidence｜向某人提供证据",
   "fully furnished｜家具齐全的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "furniture (n.)",
   "furnishings (n.)",
   "furnished (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "equip",
   "supply"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "furnish A with B指向A提供B；提供义较正式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "furnish"
 },
 {
  "w": "farewell",
  "uk": "/ˌfeəˈwel/",
  "us": "/ˌferˈwel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "告别；辞别",
    "en": "An act of saying goodbye, especially before a long separation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "int.",
    "zh": "再见；珍重",
    "en": "Used to say goodbye in a formal or emotional way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "告别的；送别的",
    "en": "Held or given to mark someone's departure."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We gathered at the station for a final farewell.",
    "zh": "我们聚在车站，作最后的告别。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A farewell ceremony can help graduating students reflect on their achievements and prepare for future challenges.",
    "zh": "告别仪式可以帮助毕业生回顾自己的成就，并为未来的挑战做好准备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a farewell party｜欢送会",
   "bid someone farewell｜向某人道别",
   "a fond farewell｜深情的告别"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "goodbye"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "welcome"
  ],
  "tip": "比goodbye正式，常用于长久分别或郑重告别。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "farewell"
 },
 {
  "w": "glitter",
  "uk": "/ˈɡlɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈɡlɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "闪耀；闪烁",
    "en": "To shine with many small flashes of reflected light."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "闪光装饰粉",
    "en": "Tiny shiny pieces used to decorate things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "耀眼光芒；华丽外表",
    "en": "Bright sparkling light, or an appearance of glamour and excitement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Tiny drops of water glitter on the leaves outside.",
    "zh": "外面树叶上的小水珠闪闪发亮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although city skylines glitter at night, excessive artificial lighting can disrupt wildlife and waste energy.",
    "zh": "虽然城市的天际线在夜晚灯光璀璨，但过量的人工照明会干扰野生动物并浪费能源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "glitter in the sunlight｜在阳光下闪耀",
   "gold glitter｜金色闪光粉",
   "the glitter of fame｜名声的耀眼光环"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "glittering (adj.)",
   "glittery (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sparkle",
   "twinkle"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词表示闪耀；作闪光装饰粉讲时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glitter"
 },
 {
  "w": "flock",
  "uk": "/flɒk/",
  "us": "/flɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鸟群；羊群",
    "en": "A group of birds, sheep, or goats"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "蜂拥；成群聚集",
    "en": "Go or gather somewhere in large numbers"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A flock of geese landed beside the quiet lake.",
    "zh": "一群鹅落在了宁静的湖边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors flock to coastal towns during summer, bringing income but also placing pressure on local infrastructure.",
    "zh": "游客夏季蜂拥至海滨城镇，带来收入的同时，也给当地基础设施造成压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a flock of sheep｜一群羊",
   "a flock of birds｜一群鸟",
   "flock to｜蜂拥前往",
   "flock together｜聚集在一起"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "gather",
   "crowd"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disperse"
  ],
  "tip": "鸟群、羊群常用flock；牛群通常用herd。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flock"
 },
 {
  "w": "generator",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒenəreɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒenəreɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发电机",
    "en": "A machine that converts other forms of energy into electricity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发生器；生成器",
    "en": "A device or program that produces something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The generator kept our lights on during the storm.",
    "zh": "暴风雨期间，发电机让我们家一直有灯可用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Remote communities often depend on diesel generators, although renewable energy systems can reduce their fuel costs.",
    "zh": "偏远社区往往依赖柴油发电机，不过可再生能源系统能降低其燃料成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a backup generator｜备用发电机",
   "a diesel generator｜柴油发电机",
   "a random number generator｜随机数生成器"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "generate (v.)",
   "generation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "由generate加-or构成，既指机器也可指程序。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "generator"
 },
 {
  "w": "pesticide",
  "uk": "/ˈpestɪsaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈpestɪsaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "农药；杀虫剂",
    "en": "A substance used to kill pests that damage crops."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer wore protective clothing while spraying pesticide on crops.",
    "zh": "农民向作物喷洒农药时穿着防护服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive pesticide use can harm beneficial insects and contaminate water sources near agricultural land.",
    "zh": "过量使用农药可能伤害益虫，并污染农田附近的水源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pesticide use｜农药使用",
   "pesticide residues｜农药残留",
   "spray pesticides｜喷洒农药",
   "reduce pesticide use｜减少农药使用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pest (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pesticide泛指农药；insecticide专指杀虫剂。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pesticide"
 },
 {
  "w": "hose",
  "uk": "/həʊz/",
  "us": "/hoʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "软管；水管",
    "en": "A flexible tube used to carry water or other liquids"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用水管冲洗；浇水",
    "en": "To spray or wash something with water from a hose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I used the hose to wash my muddy boots.",
    "zh": "我用水管冲洗了沾满泥的靴子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During periods of drought, restricting garden hose use can help households conserve valuable water supplies.",
    "zh": "在干旱期间，限制使用花园水管有助于家庭节约宝贵的水资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "garden hose｜花园水管",
   "fire hose｜消防水带",
   "hose something down｜用水管彻底冲洗某物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hose指柔软可弯的管子；pipe通常指较硬的管道。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hose"
 },
 {
  "w": "cling",
  "uk": "/klɪŋ/",
  "us": "/klɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "紧抓；紧抱",
    "en": "To hold someone or something tightly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "紧贴；附着",
    "en": "To stick closely to a surface or body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "固守；不愿放弃",
    "en": "To refuse to give up a belief, hope, or possession."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The little boy clung to his father's arm.",
    "zh": "小男孩紧紧抱着父亲的胳膊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some organisations cling to outdated practices even when new approaches could improve efficiency and employee satisfaction.",
    "zh": "即使新方法能够提高效率和员工满意度，一些机构仍然固守过时的做法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cling to someone｜紧紧抱住某人",
   "cling to power｜不愿放弃权力",
   "cling to the hope that｜始终抱着……的希望"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为clung；常与to搭配。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cling"
 },
 {
  "w": "clash",
  "uk": "/klæʃ/",
  "us": "/klæʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冲突；时间撞期",
    "en": "A conflict between people, ideas, or scheduled events."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "冲突；不协调",
    "en": "To conflict, occur simultaneously, or look unpleasant together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金属碰撞声",
    "en": "A loud ringing sound made when metal objects strike together."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My dentist appointment clashes with our weekly team meeting.",
    "zh": "我预约的看牙时间与每周的团队会议撞期了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A clash between economic priorities and environmental goals can delay decisions about major infrastructure projects.",
    "zh": "经济优先事项与环境目标之间的冲突可能延误重大基础设施项目的决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a clash of interests｜利益冲突",
   "clash with｜与…冲突",
   "a scheduling clash｜日程冲突",
   "a clash of cymbals｜铙钹撞击声"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "conflict",
   "disagreement"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "harmony"
  ],
  "tip": "clash with可指时间冲突、意见相左或颜色不搭。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clash"
 },
 {
  "w": "counter",
  "uk": "/ˈkaʊntə/",
  "us": "/ˈkaʊntər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "柜台；操作台",
    "en": "A raised flat surface for serving customers or preparing food"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "反驳；抵制；抵消",
    "en": "Act or speak against something to reduce its effect"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "相反地；对立地",
    "en": "In a direction opposed to something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I left my shopping bag on the kitchen counter.",
    "zh": "我把购物袋放在厨房操作台上了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can counter the spread of misinformation by teaching students to evaluate online sources critically.",
    "zh": "学校可以通过教学生批判性地评估网络信息来源，来遏制错误信息的传播。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "kitchen counter｜厨房操作台",
   "over the counter｜无需处方地",
   "counter an argument｜反驳论点",
   "run counter to｜与……相悖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "counteraction (n.)",
   "counterargument (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词可直接接宾语；run counter to表示与……相悖。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "counter"
 },
 {
  "w": "decimal",
  "uk": "/ˈdesɪməl/",
  "us": "/ˈdesɪməl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小数",
    "en": "A number with a fractional part shown after a point."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "十进制的；小数的",
    "en": "Using a system based on ten or involving decimal fractions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher showed us how to multiply two decimals.",
    "zh": "老师教我们如何将两个小数相乘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should understand decimal notation before they interpret statistical data in science and economics lessons.",
    "zh": "学生在科学和经济学课堂上解读统计数据之前，应先理解小数记法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "decimal point｜小数点",
   "decimal place｜小数位",
   "decimal system｜十进制"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "保留两位小数可说to two decimal places。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "decimal"
 },
 {
  "w": "liver",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪvə/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肝脏",
    "en": "An organ that processes nutrients and removes harmful substances from blood."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "食用肝脏",
    "en": "An animal's liver prepared or eaten as food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor explained how the liver keeps us healthy.",
    "zh": "医生解释了肝脏如何帮助我们保持健康。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns should explain how a balanced diet can support the liver and reduce disease risks.",
    "zh": "公共健康宣传应解释均衡饮食如何保护肝脏并降低患病风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "liver disease｜肝病",
   "liver function｜肝功能",
   "liver transplant｜肝移植"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指器官常说 the liver；作食物时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "liver"
 },
 {
  "w": "behalf",
  "uk": "/bɪˈhɑːf/",
  "us": "/bɪˈhæf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "代表；为了某人的利益",
    "en": "Used in phrases meaning representing someone or supporting their interests."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I accepted the prize on behalf of my sister.",
    "zh": "我代表姐姐领取了奖品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community organisations often speak on behalf of residents who struggle to make their concerns heard.",
    "zh": "社区组织经常代表那些难以让自己的诉求得到关注的居民发声。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on behalf of someone｜代表某人",
   "on someone's behalf｜代表某人；为某人",
   "act on behalf of｜代表……行事"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常用于on behalf of或on someone's behalf。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "behalf"
 },
 {
  "w": "jerk",
  "uk": "/dʒɜːk/",
  "us": "/dʒɝːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猛拉；猛地移动",
    "en": "to move or pull with a sudden sharp motion"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "猛拉；突然一动",
    "en": "a sudden sharp movement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "讨厌鬼；蠢人",
    "en": "an informal, insulting word for an unpleasant or foolish person"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bus jerked forward, making my shopping bag tumble.",
    "zh": "公交车突然向前一冲，我的购物袋随之翻倒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poorly maintained trains may jerk unexpectedly, increasing the risk of falls among passengers who are standing.",
    "zh": "维护不善的列车可能突然颠动，增加站立乘客跌倒的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "jerk forward｜猛地向前一动",
   "jerk away｜猛地移开",
   "a sudden jerk｜突然一晃"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jerky (adj.)",
   "jerkily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "jolt",
   "yank"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动作强调突然且短促；称人为a jerk不礼貌。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jerk"
 },
 {
  "w": "lens",
  "uk": "/lenz/",
  "us": "/lenz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "透镜；镜片",
    "en": "A curved transparent piece that focuses or spreads light."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "眼球晶状体",
    "en": "The transparent part inside the eye that focuses light."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She carefully wiped the dust off her camera lens.",
    "zh": "她小心地擦去相机镜头上的灰尘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A damaged lens in the eye can reduce vision and affect a person's ability to perform everyday tasks.",
    "zh": "眼球晶状体受损会降低视力，影响一个人完成日常任务的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "camera lens｜相机镜头",
   "contact lens｜隐形眼镜",
   "wide-angle lens｜广角镜头"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为lenses；隐形眼镜常用contact lenses。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lens"
 },
 {
  "w": "sideways",
  "uk": "/ˈsaɪdweɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈsaɪdweɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "侧身地；向侧面",
    "en": "with one side facing forward, or towards one side"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "向侧面的；横向的",
    "en": "directed towards one side rather than forwards"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We turned sideways to squeeze through the narrow doorway.",
    "zh": "我们侧过身，挤过了狭窄的门口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A sideways move within a company can broaden employees' experience without immediately increasing their responsibilities.",
    "zh": "在公司内部平级调岗，可以在不立即增加职责的情况下拓宽员工的经验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "move sideways｜横向移动",
   "turn sideways｜侧过身",
   "a sideways glance｜侧目一瞥",
   "a sideways move｜平级调动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "side (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "laterally"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可作副词也可作形容词；无需再加 -ly。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sideways"
 },
 {
  "w": "deeply",
  "uk": "/ˈdiːpli/",
  "us": "/ˈdiːpli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "非常；深深地",
    "en": "Very much, especially in relation to feelings or beliefs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "深入地；至深处",
    "en": "Far into something or a long way below the surface"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was deeply touched by your thoughtful gift.",
    "zh": "你贴心的礼物让我深受感动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many residents are deeply concerned about the effects of air pollution on their children's health.",
    "zh": "许多居民非常担忧空气污染对孩子健康的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deeply concerned｜深感担忧的",
   "deeply rooted｜根深蒂固的",
   "breathe deeply｜深呼吸",
   "deeply affected｜深受影响的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deep (adj.)",
   "depth (n.)",
   "deepen (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "profoundly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示程度时常修饰情感词，如 deeply worried。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deeply"
 },
 {
  "w": "octopus",
  "uk": "/ˈɒktəpəs/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːktəpəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "章鱼",
    "en": "a sea animal with a soft body and eight arms"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An octopus squeezed through a narrow gap between rocks.",
    "zh": "一只章鱼从岩石间狭窄的缝隙挤了过去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Research into octopus behaviour has revealed remarkable learning abilities, challenging traditional assumptions about intelligence in marine animals.",
    "zh": "对章鱼行为的研究揭示了其非凡的学习能力，挑战了有关海洋动物智力的传统假设。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "octopus arms｜章鱼的腕",
   "octopus behaviour｜章鱼的行为",
   "a giant octopus｜一只巨型章鱼"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用复数是octopuses；腕通常称arms。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "octopus"
 },
 {
  "w": "former",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːmə/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrmər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "以前的；前任的",
    "en": "having a particular role or condition in the past"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "前者的",
    "en": "being the first of two people or things just mentioned"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My former neighbour still visits us every summer.",
    "zh": "我以前的邻居每年夏天仍会来看我们。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Former industrial sites can be transformed into public parks, improving urban environments and creating shared spaces.",
    "zh": "昔日的工业用地可以改建为公园，从而改善城市环境并创造共享空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "former colleague｜以前的同事",
   "former president｜前任总统",
   "former industrial site｜昔日工业用地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "formerly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "previous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "current",
   "latter"
  ],
  "tip": "the former 指两者中的前者，the latter 指后者。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "former"
 },
 {
  "w": "slot",
  "uk": "/slɒt/",
  "us": "/slɑːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狭槽；投币口",
    "en": "A narrow opening into which something can be inserted."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "时段；安排中的位置",
    "en": "An available time or position in a schedule or system."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "插入；安排进去",
    "en": "To fit something into a narrow opening or available position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She pushed a coin into the narrow slot.",
    "zh": "她把一枚硬币塞进了狭窄的投币口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Offering evening appointment slots could help working adults access essential healthcare services more easily.",
    "zh": "提供晚间预约时段可以让上班族更方便地获得基本医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "coin slot｜投币口",
   "time slot｜时段",
   "slot something into place｜把某物插入适当位置"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "slot作动词常搭配into；不表示“跟踪”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slot"
 },
 {
  "w": "astronomy",
  "uk": "/əˈstrɒnəmi/",
  "us": "/əˈstrɑːnəmi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天文学",
    "en": "The scientific study of stars, planets, and space."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My interest in astronomy began with a small telescope.",
    "zh": "我对天文学的兴趣始于一架小望远镜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying astronomy can encourage students to explore scientific questions about the origins of the universe.",
    "zh": "学习天文学可以鼓励学生探索有关宇宙起源的科学问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study astronomy｜学习天文学",
   "observational astronomy｜观测天文学",
   "amateur astronomy｜业余天文学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "astronomer (n.)",
   "astronomical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "astronomy是天文学；astrology是占星术。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "astronomy"
 },
 {
  "w": "scold",
  "uk": "/skəʊld/",
  "us": "/skoʊld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "责骂；训斥",
    "en": "To speak angrily to someone because they did something wrong."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dad scolded me for leaving the freezer door open.",
    "zh": "爸爸因为我没关冰柜门而训了我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers who frequently scold pupils may discourage them from asking questions and participating in classroom discussions.",
    "zh": "经常训斥学生的教师可能会使学生不愿提问或参与课堂讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scold someone for something｜因某事训斥某人",
   "scold someone for doing something｜因某人做某事而训斥他"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scolding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reprimand",
   "rebuke"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "praise"
  ],
  "tip": "用 scold someone for doing，表示因某行为责骂某人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scold"
 },
 {
  "w": "circuit",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːkɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːkɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电路；回路",
    "en": "A connected path through which an electric current can flow"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "环形路线；绕行一圈",
    "en": "A route around an area, or one journey around it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "巡回活动路线",
    "en": "A series of places visited for similar events or activities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bulb lit up when we completed the circuit.",
    "zh": "我们接通电路后，灯泡亮了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students can develop practical scientific skills by building a simple circuit and testing different materials.",
    "zh": "学生可以通过搭建简单电路并测试不同材料来培养科学实践技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "electrical circuit｜电路",
   "short circuit｜短路",
   "circuit board｜电路板",
   "racing circuit｜赛车环道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "circuitry (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "电路和环形路线都可用circuit；short circuit指短路。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "circuit"
 },
 {
  "w": "freshen",
  "uk": "/ˈfreʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈfreʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使清新；使焕然一新",
    "en": "to make something cleaner, fresher, or more pleasant"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "梳洗；使精神焕发",
    "en": "to wash or tidy yourself to feel more refreshed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "风力增强",
    "en": "to become stronger, especially when describing wind"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Let's open a window to freshen the room.",
    "zh": "我们开扇窗，让房间里的空气清新一些吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting trees can freshen urban spaces while providing shade and improving the overall appearance of neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "植树可以让城市空间焕然一新，同时提供树荫并改善社区的整体面貌。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "freshen up｜梳洗一下",
   "freshen the air｜使空气清新",
   "freshen your breath｜清新口气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fresh (adj.)",
   "freshness (n.)",
   "freshly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "refresh"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "freshen up 常指简单梳洗；风作主语时指风力增强。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "freshen"
 },
 {
  "w": "evident",
  "uk": "/ˈevɪdənt/",
  "us": "/ˈevɪdənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "明显的；显而易见的",
    "en": "Easy to see, understand, or recognize."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her relief was evident when the puppy returned.",
    "zh": "小狗回来时，她明显松了一口气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The benefits of improved public transport are evident in cities where traffic congestion has decreased.",
    "zh": "在交通拥堵有所缓解的城市，改善公共交通的益处显而易见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clearly evident｜十分明显的",
   "become evident｜变得明显",
   "evident from｜从……可明显看出"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "evidence (n.)",
   "evidently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "obvious",
   "apparent",
   "clear"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unclear"
  ],
  "tip": "常用It is evident that...表示显然……。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "evident"
 },
 {
  "w": "lottery",
  "uk": "/ˈlɒtəri/",
  "us": "/ˈlɑːtəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "彩票；抽奖",
    "en": "a game where randomly chosen tickets win prizes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抽签；靠运气的事",
    "en": "a selection process or situation whose outcome depends on chance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle bought a lottery ticket at the shop.",
    "zh": "我叔叔在商店买了一张彩票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Allocating school places by lottery may reduce favouritism, but it can also create uncertainty for families.",
    "zh": "通过抽签分配学位或许能减少偏袒，却也可能给家庭带来不确定性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a lottery ticket｜一张彩票",
   "win the lottery｜中彩票",
   "a lottery draw｜彩票开奖",
   "by lottery｜通过抽签"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "by lottery指通过抽签，不一定涉及购买彩票。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lottery"
 },
 {
  "w": "retail",
  "uk": "/ˈriːteɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈriːteɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "零售",
    "en": "the sale of goods directly to consumers"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "零售的",
    "en": "relating to selling goods directly to consumers"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "零售；以某价格出售",
    "en": "to sell goods to consumers, often at a stated price"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She works in retail and enjoys helping customers.",
    "zh": "她从事零售工作，喜欢帮助顾客。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The growth of online retail has changed shopping habits and increased competition for traditional town centre shops.",
    "zh": "网络零售的发展改变了购物习惯，也让市中心的传统商店面临更激烈的竞争。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "retail price｜零售价",
   "retail sector｜零售业",
   "online retail｜网络零售",
   "retail outlet｜零售门店"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "retailer (n.)",
   "retailing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "wholesale"
  ],
  "tip": "retail面向消费者零售；wholesale指批发。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "retail"
 },
 {
  "w": "canyon",
  "uk": "/ˈkænjən/",
  "us": "/ˈkænjən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "峡谷",
    "en": "A deep valley with steep sides, often containing a river."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a river winding through the rocky canyon.",
    "zh": "我们望着一条河蜿蜒流过岩石峡谷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourism in remote canyon regions can generate income, but excessive development may threaten fragile natural habitats.",
    "zh": "偏远峡谷地区的旅游业能创造收入，但过度开发可能威胁脆弱的自然栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deep canyon｜深邃的峡谷",
   "canyon walls｜峡谷岩壁",
   "canyon floor｜峡谷底部"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "gorge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "canyon强调谷深、两侧陡峭；valley泛指山谷。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "canyon"
 },
 {
  "w": "terminal",
  "uk": "/ˈtɜːmɪnəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtɝːmɪnəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "航站楼；终点站",
    "en": "A building or station where passengers begin or end journeys."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "晚期的；不治的",
    "en": "Describing an illness that cannot be cured and causes death."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计算机终端",
    "en": "Equipment used to access and interact with a computer system."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our bus stopped outside the airport terminal before sunrise.",
    "zh": "日出前，我们的巴士停在了机场航站楼外。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A new passenger terminal could ease overcrowding, but its construction may disrupt nearby communities.",
    "zh": "新建客运站可能缓解拥挤，但施工可能干扰附近社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "airport terminal｜机场航站楼",
   "terminal illness｜不治之症",
   "computer terminal｜计算机终端"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "terminate (v.)",
   "termination (n.)",
   "terminally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "terminal illness指致命且无法治愈的疾病。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "terminal"
 },
 {
  "w": "rage",
  "uk": "/reɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/reɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "暴怒；狂怒",
    "en": "An extremely strong feeling of anger."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "大发雷霆；怒斥",
    "en": "Express extreme anger in a fierce or uncontrolled way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "肆虐；猛烈持续",
    "en": "Continue with great force, causing danger or disruption."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He shook with rage when he discovered his broken bicycle.",
    "zh": "发现自行车被弄坏后，他气得浑身发抖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As wildfires rage across dry regions, local authorities must coordinate evacuations and provide temporary accommodation.",
    "zh": "当野火在干旱地区肆虐时，当地政府必须协调疏散并提供临时住所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fly into a rage｜勃然大怒",
   "shake with rage｜气得发抖",
   "road rage｜路怒",
   "a storm rages｜风暴肆虐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "raging (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fury",
   "anger"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm"
  ],
  "tip": "rage比anger强烈；all the rage表示“风靡一时”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rage"
 },
 {
  "w": "bullet",
  "uk": "/ˈbʊlɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈbʊlɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "子弹；弹头",
    "en": "A small metal projectile fired from a gun."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "项目符号",
    "en": "A symbol introducing an item in a list."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displays a bullet beside an old rifle.",
    "zh": "博物馆在一支旧步枪旁陈列着一颗子弹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using bullet points in presentations can help audiences identify key information and follow complex arguments.",
    "zh": "在演示中使用项目符号有助于观众识别关键信息并理解复杂论证。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fire a bullet｜发射子弹",
   "bullet wound｜枪伤",
   "bullet points｜项目符号"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bullet指弹头或子弹；bullet point指列表中的项目。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bullet"
 },
 {
  "w": "tornado",
  "uk": "/tɔːˈneɪdəʊ/",
  "us": "/tɔːrˈneɪdoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "龙卷风",
    "en": "a violently rotating column of air reaching down from a cloud"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the tornado from a safe underground shelter.",
    "zh": "我们在安全的地下避难处观察那场龙卷风。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective warning systems can reduce injuries when a tornado approaches a densely populated area.",
    "zh": "当龙卷风接近人口密集地区时，有效的预警系统能够减少人员受伤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a powerful tornado｜强烈的龙卷风",
   "tornado warning｜龙卷风警报",
   "tornado damage｜龙卷风造成的破坏"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数可写tornadoes或tornados。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tornado"
 },
 {
  "w": "instinct",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnstɪŋkt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnstɪŋkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "本能；天性",
    "en": "A natural tendency to behave without learning or conscious thought."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "直觉",
    "en": "A feeling about something that does not involve conscious reasoning."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "By instinct, the newborn kitten searched for its mother.",
    "zh": "刚出生的小猫本能地寻找妈妈。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although instinct can guide rapid decisions, public health policies should primarily rely on reliable scientific evidence.",
    "zh": "尽管直觉可以引导快速决策，公共卫生政策仍应主要依据可靠的科学证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "survival instinct｜生存本能",
   "by instinct｜出于本能",
   "trust your instincts｜相信自己的直觉",
   "an instinct for｜对……的天生能力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "instinctive (adj.)",
   "instinctively (adv.)",
   "instinctual (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "intuition",
   "gut feeling"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "instinct常指先天本能；intuition偏指直觉判断。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "instinct"
 },
 {
  "w": "privilege",
  "uk": "/ˈprɪvəlɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈprɪvəlɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "特权；特殊待遇",
    "en": "A special right or advantage available only to certain people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "荣幸",
    "en": "An opportunity to do something regarded as a special honour."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Having the whole garden to myself felt like a privilege.",
    "zh": "能独自享用整个花园，感觉像是获得了特殊待遇。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to quality education should be a universal right rather than a privilege reserved for wealthy families.",
    "zh": "获得优质教育应是人人享有的权利，而不是富裕家庭独享的特权。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enjoy a privilege｜享有特权",
   "a rare privilege｜难得的荣幸",
   "have the privilege of｜有幸……",
   "class privilege｜阶级特权"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "privileged (adj.)",
   "underprivileged (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "advantage",
   "honour"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示荣幸常用have the privilege of doing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "privilege"
 },
 {
  "w": "controversial",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒntrəˈvɜːʃəl/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːntrəˈvɜːrʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有争议的",
    "en": "causing strong disagreement or public debate"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The controversial parking rules divided our usually friendly neighbours.",
    "zh": "这些有争议的停车规定让平时友好的邻居们产生了分歧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Charging drivers to enter city centres remains controversial, although it can reduce congestion and improve air quality.",
    "zh": "尽管向进入市中心的司机收费可以缓解拥堵并改善空气质量，这一做法仍然存在争议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a controversial issue｜有争议的问题",
   "a controversial decision｜有争议的决定",
   "highly controversial｜极具争议的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "controversy (n.)",
   "controversially (adv.)",
   "uncontroversial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "contentious",
   "disputed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uncontroversial"
  ],
  "tip": "表示引发分歧，不等于错误或不受欢迎。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "controversial"
 },
 {
  "w": "insufficient",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不足的；不充分的",
    "en": "not enough for a particular need or purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had insufficient paint to finish the kitchen walls.",
    "zh": "我们的油漆不够，无法刷完厨房的墙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Insufficient funding prevents many rural schools from providing students with reliable internet access and modern learning materials.",
    "zh": "资金不足使许多乡村学校无法为学生提供可靠的网络连接和现代学习资料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "insufficient funds｜资金不足",
   "insufficient evidence｜证据不足",
   "insufficient to meet demand｜不足以满足需求"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "insufficiently (adv.)",
   "insufficiency (n.)",
   "sufficient (adj.)",
   "sufficiency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inadequate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sufficient",
   "adequate"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式；常用insufficient for或insufficient to do。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "insufficient"
 },
 {
  "w": "viewing",
  "uk": "/ˈvjuːɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈvjuːɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "观看；收看",
    "en": "The activity of watching television, films, or other visual material."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "参观；看房",
    "en": "An arranged opportunity to inspect a property or see something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "观看；审视",
    "en": "Looking at something or considering it in a particular way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We saved the documentary for our evening viewing.",
    "zh": "我们把那部纪录片留到晚上看。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive television viewing may reduce the time children spend exercising and interacting with their families.",
    "zh": "看电视过多可能会减少儿童锻炼和与家人互动的时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "television viewing｜收看电视",
   "a private viewing｜私人专场参观",
   "arrange a viewing｜安排看房"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "view (v.)",
   "viewer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词可指收看活动；a viewing常指一次看房。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "viewing"
 },
 {
  "w": "dim",
  "uk": "/dɪm/",
  "us": "/dɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "昏暗的；微弱的",
    "en": "not bright or providing little light"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "模糊的；不清晰的",
    "en": "not clearly remembered, seen, or understood"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使变暗；变暗",
    "en": "to become less bright or make something less bright"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We ate dinner under a dim kitchen light.",
    "zh": "我们在厨房昏暗的灯光下吃了晚饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Dim lighting in public spaces can make pedestrians feel unsafe, particularly when walking alone at night.",
    "zh": "公共空间照明昏暗会让行人感到不安全，尤其是在夜间独自行走时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dim light｜昏暗的光线",
   "a dim memory｜模糊的记忆",
   "dim the lights｜调暗灯光",
   "take a dim view of｜不赞同"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dimly (adv.)",
   "dimness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "faint",
   "gloomy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "bright"
  ],
  "tip": "变形双写m：dimmer、dimmest、dimmed。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dim"
 },
 {
  "w": "intelligence",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "智力；理解力",
    "en": "The ability to learn, understand, and solve problems."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "情报；情报工作",
    "en": "Secret information gathered about other countries or possible threats."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her intelligence helped her solve the puzzle quickly.",
    "zh": "她凭借聪明才智很快解开了这道谜题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional examinations may measure memory more effectively than intelligence, creativity, or practical problem-solving skills.",
    "zh": "传统考试对记忆力的衡量，可能比对智力、创造力或实际解决问题能力的衡量更有效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "artificial intelligence｜人工智能",
   "emotional intelligence｜情绪智力",
   "gather intelligence｜搜集情报",
   "intelligence agency｜情报机构"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intelligent (adj.)",
   "intelligently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "intellect"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；intelligence agency指情报机构。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intelligence"
 },
 {
  "w": "triangular",
  "uk": "/traɪˈæŋɡjələ/",
  "us": "/traɪˈæŋɡjələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "三角形的",
    "en": "having three straight sides and three angles"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "三方的",
    "en": "involving three people, groups, or countries"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She cut the toast into small triangular pieces.",
    "zh": "她把吐司切成了小三角块。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposed park occupies a triangular site between two busy roads and a railway line.",
    "zh": "拟建公园位于两条繁忙道路和一条铁路线之间的一块三角形地段。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "triangular shape｜三角形",
   "triangular piece｜三角形的一块",
   "triangular relationship｜三方关系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "triangle (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "triangle是名词；triangular是形容词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "triangular"
 },
 {
  "w": "tutorial",
  "uk": "/tjuːˈtɔːriəl/",
  "us": "/tuːˈtɔːriəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "辅导课；小组讨论课",
    "en": "A lesson where a tutor teaches individuals or small groups."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "教程；操作指南",
    "en": "A guide that teaches a skill through clear steps."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I watched a short tutorial before editing my holiday photos.",
    "zh": "编辑度假照片前，我看了一段简短的教程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small tutorial groups allow university students to discuss complex ideas and receive detailed feedback from their tutors.",
    "zh": "小组辅导课让大学生能够讨论复杂的观点，并获得导师的详细反馈。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attend a tutorial｜参加辅导课",
   "video tutorial｜视频教程",
   "step-by-step tutorial｜分步骤教程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tutor (n.)",
   "tutor (v.)",
   "tutoring (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指小班辅导课，也可指纸质或视频教程。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tutorial"
 },
 {
  "w": "stroll",
  "uk": "/strəʊl/",
  "us": "/stroʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "悠闲地散步",
    "en": "to walk slowly and comfortably for pleasure"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "漫步；散步",
    "en": "a slow, relaxed walk taken for pleasure"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We strolled along the river after our evening meal.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，我们沿着河边悠闲地散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accessible urban parks allow residents to stroll outdoors, supporting both physical health and mental wellbeing.",
    "zh": "交通便利的城市公园让居民能够在户外散步，有益于身心健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take a stroll｜散步",
   "stroll along the beach｜沿海滩漫步",
   "a leisurely stroll｜悠闲的散步"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "saunter",
   "amble"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调悠闲、不赶时间；名词常搭配take或go for。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stroll"
 },
 {
  "w": "plentiful",
  "uk": "/ˈplentɪfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈplentɪfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "丰富的；充足的",
    "en": "Available in large amounts or numbers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fresh berries are plentiful at the market this summer.",
    "zh": "今年夏天，市场上的新鲜浆果供应充足。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regions with plentiful sunshine are well placed to generate affordable electricity through investment in solar technology.",
    "zh": "阳光充足的地区具备有利条件，可以通过投资太阳能技术生产价格低廉的电力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a plentiful supply｜充足的供应",
   "plentiful resources｜丰富的资源",
   "plentiful food｜充足的食物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plenty (pron.)",
   "plentifully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "abundant",
   "ample"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "scarce"
  ],
  "tip": "表示物资或机会充足，不表示一个人富有。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plentiful"
 },
 {
  "w": "psychologist",
  "uk": "/saɪˈkɒlədʒɪst/",
  "us": "/saɪˈkɑːlədʒɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "心理学家；心理专业人员",
    "en": "An expert who studies the mind or helps with psychological problems."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The psychologist helped me understand why exams made me anxious.",
    "zh": "心理咨询师帮助我理解了考试让我焦虑的原因。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A school psychologist can support students whose emotional difficulties interfere with learning and social development.",
    "zh": "学校心理专业人员可以帮助那些因情绪问题而影响学习和社交发展的学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clinical psychologist｜临床心理学家",
   "educational psychologist｜教育心理学家",
   "consult a psychologist｜咨询心理专业人员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "psychology (n.)",
   "psychological (adj.)",
   "psychologically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "词首p不发音；不等同于精神科医生psychiatrist。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "psychologist"
 },
 {
  "w": "trunk",
  "uk": "/trʌŋk/",
  "us": "/trʌŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "树干",
    "en": "The thick main stem of a tree."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "象鼻",
    "en": "An elephant's long nose, used for breathing and holding things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汽车后备箱（美式）",
    "en": "The enclosed space in a car for carrying luggage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We rested against the trunk of an old oak.",
    "zh": "我们靠着一棵老橡树的树干休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Damage to a tree's trunk can reduce its ability to transport water and nutrients.",
    "zh": "树干受损会削弱树木输送水分和养分的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tree trunk｜树干",
   "an elephant's trunk｜象鼻",
   "car trunk｜汽车后备箱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "汽车后备箱美式用trunk，英式用boot。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trunk"
 },
 {
  "w": "literary",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪtərəri/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪtəreri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "文学的；与文学有关的",
    "en": "Relating to literature or the study of it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "书面语的；有文学色彩的",
    "en": "Typical of formal or artistic writing rather than everyday speech."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our local library hosts a literary festival each spring.",
    "zh": "我们当地的图书馆每年春天都会举办文学节。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying literary works from different cultures can help students understand perspectives beyond their own experiences.",
    "zh": "学习不同文化的文学作品可以帮助学生理解自身经历之外的观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "literary works｜文学作品",
   "literary criticism｜文学批评",
   "a literary festival｜文学节",
   "literary language｜文学语言"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "literature (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "literary是文学的；literal是字面的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "literary"
 },
 {
  "w": "honor",
  "uk": "/ˈɒnə/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "荣誉；敬意",
    "en": "great respect or recognition for someone's qualities or achievements"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "尊敬；表彰",
    "en": "show respect or give public recognition to someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "履行；兑现",
    "en": "do what a promise or agreement requires"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbors held a dinner in honor of my grandmother.",
    "zh": "邻居们举办了一场晚宴，向我祖母致敬。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should honor their commitments to protect vulnerable communities when introducing major economic reforms.",
    "zh": "政府推行重大经济改革时，应履行保护弱势群体的承诺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in honor of｜为向……致敬",
   "a great honor｜莫大的荣幸",
   "honor a commitment｜履行承诺",
   "guest of honor｜贵宾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "honorable (adj.)",
   "honorary (adj.)",
   "honored (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "respect",
   "esteem"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dishonor"
  ],
  "tip": "美式拼写；英式为honour，h不发音。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "honor"
 },
 {
  "w": "status",
  "uk": "/ˈsteɪtəs/",
  "us": "/ˈsteɪtəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "社会地位；身份",
    "en": "A person's social position or standing within a group."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "状态；状况",
    "en": "The current condition or situation of someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her new role gave her higher status at work.",
    "zh": "新职位提高了她在工作中的地位。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to quality healthcare should depend on medical need rather than a person's economic status.",
    "zh": "能否获得优质医疗服务应取决于医疗需求，而非个人的经济地位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "social status｜社会地位",
   "marital status｜婚姻状况",
   "current status｜当前状态",
   "status symbol｜地位象征"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指社会地位，也可指当前状况，注意语境。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "status"
 },
 {
  "w": "adequate",
  "uk": "/ˈædɪkwət/",
  "us": "/ˈædɪkwət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "足够的；合乎要求的",
    "en": "enough or good enough for a particular purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small heater provides adequate warmth for my bedroom.",
    "zh": "这台小取暖器足以让我的卧室保持暖和。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools need adequate funding to maintain safe buildings and provide effective support for students with additional needs.",
    "zh": "学校需要充足的资金来保障校舍安全，并为有额外需求的学生提供有效支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adequate funding｜充足的资金",
   "adequate preparation｜充分准备",
   "adequate for the task｜足以胜任任务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adequacy (n.)",
   "adequately (adv.)",
   "inadequate (adj.)",
   "inadequacy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sufficient",
   "satisfactory"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inadequate",
   "insufficient"
  ],
  "tip": "表示达到所需标准，不等于优秀；常接for或to。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adequate"
 },
 {
  "w": "optional",
  "uk": "/ˈɒpʃənəl/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːpʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可选择的；非强制的",
    "en": "available to choose but not required"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum tour is optional, so we stayed outside.",
    "zh": "博物馆参观是自愿参加的，所以我们留在了外面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should offer optional practical courses that allow students to explore interests beyond traditional academic subjects.",
    "zh": "学校应该提供选修实践课程，让学生探索传统学科之外的兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "optional course｜选修课程",
   "optional extra｜可选附加项目",
   "entirely optional｜完全自愿的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "option (n.)",
   "optionally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "elective",
   "non-compulsory"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "compulsory",
   "mandatory"
  ],
  "tip": "optional表示不强制，不是“随便的”或“随机的”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "optional"
 },
 {
  "w": "frequency",
  "uk": "/ˈfriːkwənsi/",
  "us": "/ˈfriːkwənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "频率；发生次数",
    "en": "how often something happens within a particular period"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "振动频率；波频率",
    "en": "the number of wave cycles or vibrations per second"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The frequency of buses drops sharply after nine each evening.",
    "zh": "每天晚上九点以后，公交车的班次大幅减少。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers are examining whether rising ocean temperatures affect the frequency of severe storms in coastal regions.",
    "zh": "研究人员正在考察海洋温度上升是否会影响沿海地区强风暴的发生频率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the frequency of｜……的频率",
   "with increasing frequency｜越来越频繁地",
   "high frequency｜高频",
   "radio frequency｜无线电频率"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "frequent (adj.)",
   "frequently (adv.)",
   "infrequent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "频率高低用high或low；发生得多不等于速度快。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "frequency"
 },
 {
  "w": "demonstrate",
  "uk": "/ˈdemənstreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈdemənstreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "证明；表明",
    "en": "To show clearly that something is true or exists."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "示范；演示",
    "en": "To show someone how something works or is done."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "示威",
    "en": "To gather publicly to express support or opposition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These muddy footprints demonstrate that someone entered the kitchen.",
    "zh": "这些泥脚印表明有人进过厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recent studies demonstrate that regular physical activity can improve concentration and support students' mental health.",
    "zh": "近期研究表明，经常进行体育活动可以提高注意力，并促进学生的心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "demonstrate that｜表明……",
   "demonstrate how｜演示如何……",
   "demonstrate a commitment to｜体现对……的投入",
   "demonstrate against｜示威反对"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "demonstration (n.)",
   "demonstrator (n.)",
   "demonstrable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "show"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "证明某事常用demonstrate that从句。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "demonstrate"
 },
 {
  "w": "disapproval",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪsəˈpruːvəl/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪsəˈpruːvəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不赞同；反对",
    "en": "The feeling that someone or something is wrong or unacceptable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dad shook his head in disapproval at my muddy shoes.",
    "zh": "爸爸看着我沾满泥的鞋子，不满地摇了摇头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public disapproval of excessive packaging has encouraged some retailers to introduce reusable containers and reduce plastic waste.",
    "zh": "公众对过度包装的不满促使一些零售商采用可重复使用的容器，减少塑料废弃物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "express disapproval｜表示不赞同",
   "disapproval of something｜对某事的不满",
   "a look of disapproval｜不赞同的神情",
   "public disapproval｜公众的反对"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disapprove (v.)",
   "disapproving (adj.)",
   "approval (n.)",
   "approve (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "displeasure"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "approval"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；对某事不赞同用disapproval of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disapproval"
 },
 {
  "w": "sane",
  "uk": "/seɪn/",
  "us": "/seɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "理智的；明智的",
    "en": "Showing reasonable judgment rather than extreme or foolish thinking."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "心智健全的",
    "en": "Able to think clearly and understand reality."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Taking a short break seemed like the only sane choice.",
    "zh": "稍微休息一下似乎是唯一明智的选择。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A sane approach to urban planning balances economic growth with residents' need for green spaces.",
    "zh": "明智的城市规划方式会兼顾经济增长与居民对绿地的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sane approach｜明智的处理方式",
   "a sane decision｜理智的决定",
   "keep someone sane｜使某人保持理智"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sanity (n.)",
   "insane (adj.)",
   "insanity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sensible",
   "rational"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "irrational",
   "insane"
  ],
  "tip": "表示明智时近于sensible；并非所有心理疾病都影响理智。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sane"
 },
 {
  "w": "concept",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnsept/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnsept/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "概念；观念",
    "en": "an idea or principle used to understand or plan something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The teacher used toy cars to explain the concept.",
    "zh": "老师用玩具汽车来解释这个概念。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The concept of sustainable development involves meeting current needs without limiting the opportunities available to future generations.",
    "zh": "可持续发展的概念包括满足当前需求，同时不限制后代可获得的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "basic concept｜基本概念",
   "grasp a concept｜理解概念",
   "the concept of｜……的概念",
   "abstract concept｜抽象概念"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conceptual (adj.)",
   "conceptually (adv.)",
   "conceptualise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "idea",
   "notion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；常用the concept of引出具体概念。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "concept"
 },
 {
  "w": "sigh",
  "uk": "/saɪ/",
  "us": "/saɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "叹气；叹息",
    "en": "To breathe out slowly and audibly, expressing feelings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "叹气；叹息声",
    "en": "A slow, audible breath expressing sadness, tiredness, or relief"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dad sighed when he saw the muddy floor.",
    "zh": "爸爸看到满是泥的地板，叹了口气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many commuters breathe a sigh of relief when reliable public transport reduces the stress of their daily journeys.",
    "zh": "当可靠的公共交通减轻日常出行压力时，许多通勤者都会松一口气。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sigh of relief｜如释重负的叹息",
   "let out a sigh｜叹一口气",
   "sigh deeply｜深深叹气"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gh不发音；叹气也可表示放松，不一定是悲伤。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sigh"
 },
 {
  "w": "convinced",
  "uk": "/kənˈvɪnst/",
  "us": "/kənˈvɪnst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "确信的；信服的",
    "en": "completely sure that something is true or right"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'm convinced I left my keys on the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "我确信自己把钥匙放在了厨房桌上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many researchers are convinced that regular physical activity contributes significantly to better mental health.",
    "zh": "许多研究人员确信，规律的身体活动对改善心理健康有显著帮助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "convinced that｜确信……",
   "convinced of｜确信某事",
   "fully convinced｜完全信服",
   "remain convinced｜仍然确信"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "convince (v.)",
   "convincing (adj.)",
   "convincingly (adv.)",
   "unconvinced (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "certain",
   "sure"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unconvinced",
   "doubtful"
  ],
  "tip": "人感到信服用convinced；事物有说服力用convincing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "convinced"
 },
 {
  "w": "contemporary",
  "uk": "/kənˈtemprəri/",
  "us": "/kənˈtempəreri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "当代的；现代的",
    "en": "Belonging to the present time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "同时代的；同期的",
    "en": "Existing or happening during the same period."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "同时代的人；同辈",
    "en": "A person who lives at the same time as another."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The gallery displays contemporary paintings in bright, spacious rooms.",
    "zh": "这家画廊在明亮宽敞的展厅里陈列当代绘画。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Contemporary architecture increasingly incorporates natural materials to reduce environmental impact and improve the wellbeing of occupants.",
    "zh": "当代建筑越来越多地采用天然材料，以减少环境影响并改善居住者的身心健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contemporary art｜当代艺术",
   "contemporary society｜当代社会",
   "contemporary accounts｜当时的记述",
   "a contemporary of someone｜与某人同时代的人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "modern",
   "present-day"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "当代艺术中指“当代”；历史语境也可指“当时的”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contemporary"
 },
 {
  "w": "solo",
  "uk": "/ˈsəʊləʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈsoʊloʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "独奏；独唱",
    "en": "A musical piece or passage performed by one person."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "单独的；独奏的",
    "en": "Done or performed by one person alone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "独自地",
    "en": "Alone, without other people helping or taking part."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone fell silent when she began her violin solo.",
    "zh": "她开始小提琴独奏时，所有人都安静了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Solo travel can encourage independence by requiring individuals to manage unfamiliar situations without relying on companions.",
    "zh": "独自旅行要求人们不依赖同伴处理陌生情况，因此有助于培养独立性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a piano solo｜钢琴独奏",
   "a solo performance｜独自表演",
   "a solo career｜单飞事业",
   "travel solo｜独自旅行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "soloist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可作名词、形容词和副词；独奏者用soloist。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "solo"
 },
 {
  "w": "Arabian",
  "uk": "/əˈreɪbiən/",
  "us": "/əˈreɪbiən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "阿拉伯半岛的",
    "en": "Relating to Arabia, especially its geography, culture, or wildlife."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阿拉伯马",
    "en": "A horse of a breed originally developed in Arabia."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We admired the Arabian horses trotting across the sandy field.",
    "zh": "我们欣赏着在沙地上小跑的阿拉伯马。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The Arabian Peninsula faces significant water shortages, encouraging investment in desalination technology and more efficient irrigation.",
    "zh": "阿拉伯半岛面临严重缺水，这推动了对海水淡化技术和高效灌溉的投资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Arabian Peninsula｜阿拉伯半岛",
   "Arabian horse｜阿拉伯马",
   "Arabian Sea｜阿拉伯海"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Arab (n.)",
   "Arabic (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "Arabian多指半岛或马种；语言用Arabic，人常用Arab。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arabian"
 },
 {
  "w": "whisper",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪspə/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪspɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "低语；耳语",
    "en": "To speak very quietly without using your full voice"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "低语声；耳语",
    "en": "Very quiet speech made without a full voice"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "私下传闻",
    "en": "A quietly circulated rumour or suggestion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please whisper while the baby sleeps in the next room.",
    "zh": "宝宝在隔壁睡觉，请小声说话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may whisper during individual tasks because they need reassurance rather than because they intend to disrupt lessons.",
    "zh": "学生在独立完成任务时低声交谈，可能是为了寻求确认，而非有意扰乱课堂。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "whisper to someone｜对某人耳语",
   "in a whisper｜低声地",
   "barely above a whisper｜仅比耳语稍响"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "murmur"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "shout"
  ],
  "tip": "对某人低语用whisper to someone；低声说用in a whisper。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "whisper"
 },
 {
  "w": "gravel",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrævl/",
  "us": "/ˈɡrævəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "砾石；碎石",
    "en": "small stones used to cover paths or make concrete"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Gravel crunched beneath our shoes as we approached the cottage.",
    "zh": "我们走近小屋时，脚下的碎石发出嘎吱声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Gravel paths can allow rainwater to drain into the soil, reducing surface runoff in urban parks.",
    "zh": "碎石小径可以让雨水渗入土壤，减少城市公园的地表径流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gravel path｜碎石小径",
   "gravel driveway｜碎石车道",
   "gravel pit｜砾石采掘场"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gravelly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；单颗小石子可用a pebble。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gravel"
 },
 {
  "w": "curriculum",
  "uk": "/kəˈrɪkjələm/",
  "us": "/kəˈrɪkjələm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "课程体系；全部课程",
    "en": "the subjects and content included in a programme of study"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our school has added cooking to the curriculum.",
    "zh": "我们学校已将烹饪加入课程体系。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A balanced curriculum should develop practical skills alongside academic knowledge to prepare students for adult life.",
    "zh": "均衡的课程体系应在传授学术知识的同时培养实用技能，为学生的成年生活做准备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "school curriculum｜学校课程体系",
   "national curriculum｜国家课程",
   "core curriculum｜核心课程",
   "curriculum reform｜课程改革"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "curricular (adj.)",
   "extracurricular (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为curricula或curriculums；不等于单门课。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "curriculum"
 },
 {
  "w": "welfare",
  "uk": "/ˈwelfeə/",
  "us": "/ˈwelfer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "健康幸福；福祉",
    "en": "The health, happiness, and good living conditions of people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "社会福利；救济",
    "en": "Public support for people who need money or care."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shelter puts the welfare of its animals first.",
    "zh": "这家收容所把动物的健康和幸福放在首位。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should protect children's welfare by ensuring access to nutritious food and safe housing.",
    "zh": "政府应确保儿童获得营养食物和安全住房，以保障他们的福祉。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "animal welfare｜动物福利",
   "social welfare｜社会福利",
   "welfare benefits｜福利补助"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "well-being"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；作前置修饰语时也仍是名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "welfare"
 },
 {
  "w": "offensive",
  "uk": "/əˈfensɪv/",
  "us": "/əˈfensɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冒犯的；令人反感的",
    "en": "Causing people to feel insulted, upset, or disgusted."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "进攻性的",
    "en": "Intended or used for attacking rather than defending."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "攻势；集中行动",
    "en": "An organized attack or campaign to achieve a goal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He apologised when he realised his joke was offensive.",
    "zh": "他意识到自己的玩笑冒犯了别人，便道了歉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should address offensive behaviour promptly while helping students understand why their words can hurt others.",
    "zh": "学校应及时处理冒犯行为，同时帮助学生理解为什么自己的言语会伤害他人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "offensive language｜冒犯性语言",
   "find something offensive｜觉得某事令人反感",
   "offensive tactics｜进攻战术",
   "launch an offensive｜发起攻势"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "offend (v.)",
   "offence (n.)",
   "offensively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "insulting",
   "objectionable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inoffensive",
   "defensive"
  ],
  "tip": "表示觉得被冒犯用offended，不用offensive。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "offensive"
 },
 {
  "w": "territory",
  "uk": "/ˈterətri/",
  "us": "/ˈterətɔːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领土；辖区",
    "en": "land controlled by a particular country or authority"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动物的领地",
    "en": "an area an animal defends against others of its kind"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领域；范围",
    "en": "an area of knowledge, experience, or activity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The island became part of the country's territory.",
    "zh": "这座岛成为了该国领土的一部分。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As cities expand into wildlife territory, conflicts between humans and native animals may become more frequent.",
    "zh": "随着城市扩张侵入野生动物的领地，人类与本土动物之间的冲突可能更加频繁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "national territory｜国家领土",
   "defend territory｜保卫领土；守卫领地",
   "unfamiliar territory｜不熟悉的领域",
   "enter new territory｜进入新领域"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "territorial (adj.)",
   "territorially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "领土义可不可数；一块辖区可用a territory。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "territory"
 },
 {
  "w": "warehouse",
  "uk": "/ˈweəhaʊs/",
  "us": "/ˈwerhaʊs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "仓库；货栈",
    "en": "A large building where goods are stored before distribution"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "将货物存入仓库",
    "en": "Store goods in a warehouse"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The warehouse behind the station stores furniture and kitchen equipment.",
    "zh": "车站后面的仓库存放着家具和厨房设备。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Locating a warehouse near major transport routes can reduce delivery costs and improve supply chain efficiency.",
    "zh": "将仓库设在主要运输线路附近可以降低配送成本，提高供应链效率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "warehouse worker｜仓库工人",
   "warehouse space｜仓储空间",
   "automated warehouse｜自动化仓库"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "warehousing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指储存货物的大型建筑；动词用法较正式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "warehouse"
 },
 {
  "w": "fame",
  "uk": "/feɪm/",
  "us": "/feɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "名声；名望",
    "en": "The state of being known by many people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Despite her fame, the singer still shops locally.",
    "zh": "尽管很有名，这位歌手仍在附近购物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although online platforms can bring sudden fame, public attention does not necessarily lead to a sustainable career.",
    "zh": "虽然网络平台能让人一夜成名，但公众关注并不一定带来可持续的职业发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "achieve fame｜成名",
   "rise to fame｜声名鹊起",
   "international fame｜国际声誉",
   "lasting fame｜长久的名声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "famous (adj.)",
   "famously (adv.)",
   "famed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "renown",
   "celebrity"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "obscurity"
  ],
  "tip": "fame通常不可数；形容词famous常接for。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fame"
 },
 {
  "w": "prior",
  "uk": "/ˈpraɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈpraɪər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "先前的；事先的",
    "en": "existing or happening before something else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You need prior permission to use this room.",
    "zh": "你需要事先获得许可才能使用这个房间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Applicants with prior experience in community work may adapt more quickly to roles in public services.",
    "zh": "有社区工作经验的申请者可能更快适应公共服务岗位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prior experience｜先前的经验",
   "prior knowledge｜已有知识",
   "prior notice｜事先通知",
   "prior to｜在……之前"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "previous",
   "earlier"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "subsequent"
  ],
  "tip": "prior常放名词前；prior to相当于before。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prior"
 },
 {
  "w": "sewage",
  "uk": "/ˈsuːɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈsuːɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "污水；生活污物",
    "en": "Wastewater and human waste carried away through drains"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Untreated sewage flowed into the river after the storm.",
    "zh": "暴风雨过后，未经处理的污水流入了河里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in modern sewage treatment facilities is essential for protecting freshwater ecosystems and maintaining public health.",
    "zh": "投资建设现代污水处理设施，对保护淡水生态系统和维护公共卫生至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "raw sewage｜未经处理的污水",
   "sewage treatment｜污水处理",
   "sewage disposal｜污水处置",
   "sewage system｜污水排放系统"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "wastewater"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；sewage是污水，sewer才是下水道。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sewage"
 },
 {
  "w": "ratio",
  "uk": "/ˈreɪʃiəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈreɪʃioʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "比；比率",
    "en": "A comparison showing the relative sizes of two quantities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Use a higher ratio of vegetables to rice.",
    "zh": "把蔬菜相对于米饭的比例调高一些。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A lower ratio of students to teachers may allow schools to provide more individual support in classrooms.",
    "zh": "较低的生师比可能使学校能够在课堂上提供更多个别辅导。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the ratio of A to B｜A与B之比",
   "student-teacher ratio｜生师比",
   "a high ratio｜高比率"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "A与B之比用the ratio of A to B，注意顺序。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ratio"
 },
 {
  "w": "poll",
  "uk": "/pəʊl/",
  "us": "/poʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "民意调查",
    "en": "A survey asking people about their opinions or preferences"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "投票；选举投票",
    "en": "The process of voting in an election"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "调查民意；获得选票",
    "en": "To survey people's opinions, or receive votes in an election"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A local poll showed strong support for the park.",
    "zh": "一项当地民意调查显示，人们大力支持这座公园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Opinion polls can help governments understand public concerns, but their accuracy depends on how participants are selected.",
    "zh": "民意调查有助于政府了解公众关切，但其准确性取决于参与者的选择方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "opinion poll｜民意调查",
   "conduct a poll｜开展民意调查",
   "go to the polls｜前往投票",
   "poll results｜民调结果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "polling (n.)",
   "pollster (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "民调常用opinion poll；the polls指选举投票。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "poll"
 },
 {
  "w": "intersection",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntəˈsekʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntɚˈsekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "道路交叉口",
    "en": "A place where two or more roads meet."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "交汇点；交集",
    "en": "A point or area shared by things that cross or overlap."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Turn left at the intersection beside the bakery.",
    "zh": "在面包店旁的交叉路口左转。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing better lighting at busy intersections can reduce accidents and improve safety for pedestrians.",
    "zh": "在繁忙的交叉路口安装更好的照明设施，可以减少事故并提高行人的安全性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "busy intersection｜繁忙的交叉路口",
   "at the intersection｜在交叉路口",
   "the intersection of two sets｜两个集合的交集"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intersect (v.)",
   "intersecting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "junction",
   "crossing"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "道路交叉口常用at an intersection。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intersection"
 },
 {
  "w": "surroundings",
  "uk": "/səˈraʊndɪŋz/",
  "us": "/səˈraʊndɪŋz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "周围环境；周围事物",
    "en": "The places, objects, and conditions around a person or thing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We ate lunch in the peaceful surroundings of the garden.",
    "zh": "我们在花园宁静的环境中吃了午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may concentrate better in pleasant surroundings, especially when classrooms offer natural light and views of greenery.",
    "zh": "学生在舒适的环境中可能更容易集中注意力，尤其当教室采光自然且窗外有绿植时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "peaceful surroundings｜宁静的环境",
   "natural surroundings｜自然环境",
   "unfamiliar surroundings｜陌生的环境",
   "pleasant surroundings｜舒适的环境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "surround (v.)",
   "surrounding (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "environment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "始终用复数形式，作主语时谓语也用复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "surroundings"
 },
 {
  "w": "unbearable",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈbeərəbl/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈberəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "难以忍受的",
    "en": "Too unpleasant, painful, or intense to tolerate"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The heat became unbearable, so we rested in the shade.",
    "zh": "天气热得让人受不了，于是我们到阴凉处休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without adequate ventilation, summer temperatures in crowded housing can become unbearable, especially for older residents.",
    "zh": "如果通风不足，拥挤住宅内的夏季高温会令人难以忍受，尤其是对老年住户而言。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unbearable pain｜难以忍受的疼痛",
   "unbearable heat｜难耐的酷热",
   "unbearable noise｜令人无法忍受的噪声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bear (v.)",
   "bearable (adj.)",
   "unbearably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "intolerable",
   "insufferable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "bearable",
   "tolerable"
  ],
  "tip": "这里的bear指忍受；unbearable语气很强。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unbearable"
 },
 {
  "w": "filter",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪltə/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪltər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "过滤器；滤网",
    "en": "a device that removes unwanted substances from liquid or air"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "过滤；筛选",
    "en": "to remove unwanted substances or select information using particular conditions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缓缓透入；逐渐传开",
    "en": "to pass through or spread gradually"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The water filter needs replacing before we leave.",
    "zh": "我们出发前需要更换净水滤芯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern treatment plants filter wastewater to remove harmful substances before releasing it into local rivers.",
    "zh": "现代污水处理厂会过滤污水，去除有害物质后再将其排入当地河流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "air filter｜空气过滤器",
   "filter out impurities｜滤除杂质",
   "filter search results｜筛选搜索结果",
   "light filters through｜光线透过"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "filtration (n.)",
   "filtered (adj.)",
   "unfiltered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "filter out后接被滤除的东西，不是保留下来的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "filter"
 },
 {
  "w": "consume",
  "uk": "/kənˈsjuːm/",
  "us": "/kənˈsuːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "消耗；耗费",
    "en": "to use resources, energy, or time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吃；喝",
    "en": "to eat food or drink liquids"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "充满内心；吞噬",
    "en": "to fill someone's mind or destroy something completely"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our old heater consumes too much electricity in winter.",
    "zh": "我们那台旧取暖器冬天太耗电了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Households can reduce their environmental impact by consuming fewer resources and choosing products that last longer.",
    "zh": "家庭可以通过减少资源消耗、选择更耐用的产品来减轻对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "consume energy｜消耗能源",
   "consume food｜食用食物",
   "be consumed by fear｜内心充满恐惧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consumer (n.)",
   "consumption (n.)",
   "consumable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示吃喝时比eat、drink正式；名词为consumption。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consume"
 },
 {
  "w": "numerous",
  "uk": "/ˈnjuːmərəs/",
  "us": "/ˈnuːmərəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "许多的；众多的",
    "en": "Existing in large numbers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Numerous birds gathered around the crumbs on our balcony.",
    "zh": "许多鸟聚在我们阳台上的面包屑周围。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Numerous studies suggest that access to green spaces can improve the mental health of urban residents.",
    "zh": "众多研究表明，能方便地接触绿地有助于改善城市居民的心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "numerous studies｜众多研究",
   "numerous occasions｜许多场合",
   "numerous benefits｜诸多益处"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "number (n.)",
   "numerically (adv.)",
   "numerical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "many",
   "countless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "few"
  ],
  "tip": "修饰可数名词复数，不能直接修饰不可数名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "numerous"
 },
 {
  "w": "pace",
  "uk": "/peɪs/",
  "us": "/peɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "速度；节奏",
    "en": "The speed at which someone moves or something happens"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一步；步幅",
    "en": "A single step taken when walking"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "来回踱步",
    "en": "To walk repeatedly back and forth, often when worried"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We slowed our pace so Grandma could catch up.",
    "zh": "我们放慢脚步，好让奶奶跟上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The rapid pace of technological change requires workers to update their skills throughout their careers.",
    "zh": "技术变革的快速步伐要求劳动者在整个职业生涯中不断更新技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at your own pace｜按自己的节奏",
   "keep pace with｜与……同步",
   "the pace of change｜变化的速度",
   "pace up and down｜来回踱步"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "paced (adj.)",
   "pacing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "按某种速度用at a ... pace；keep pace with指跟上。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pace"
 },
 {
  "w": "dread",
  "uk": "/dred/",
  "us": "/dred/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "害怕；担忧",
    "en": "Feel very worried about something unpleasant that may happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恐惧；忧虑",
    "en": "Strong fear or worry about something that may happen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I dread driving on icy roads after dark.",
    "zh": "我很害怕天黑后在结冰的道路上开车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many employees dread losing their jobs when new technologies begin to replace familiar tasks in the workplace.",
    "zh": "当新技术开始取代工作中的常规任务时，许多员工担心失去工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dread doing something｜害怕做某事",
   "a sense of dread｜恐惧感",
   "fill someone with dread｜使某人充满恐惧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dreadful (adj.)",
   "dreadfully (adv.)",
   "dreaded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fear"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示害怕做某事通常用 dread doing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dread"
 },
 {
  "w": "narrative",
  "uk": "/ˈnærətɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈnærətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "叙述；故事",
    "en": "A description of connected events, real or imagined."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "解释性叙事；观点框架",
    "en": "A particular account used to explain events and shape understanding."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "叙事的",
    "en": "Related to telling stories or describing connected events."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her travel diary contains a lively narrative of the journey.",
    "zh": "她的旅行日记生动地记述了这段旅程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museums can use personal narratives to help visitors understand how historical events affected the lives of ordinary people.",
    "zh": "博物馆可以通过个人叙事，帮助参观者理解历史事件如何影响普通人的生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "personal narrative｜个人叙事",
   "dominant narrative｜主导叙事",
   "narrative structure｜叙事结构"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "narrate (v.)",
   "narration (n.)",
   "narrator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "account",
   "story"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词指故事或叙述；作形容词常修饰结构、技巧。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "narrative"
 },
 {
  "w": "eruption",
  "uk": "/ɪˈrʌpʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪˈrʌpʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "火山喷发",
    "en": "a sudden release of lava, ash, and gases from a volcano"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "突然爆发",
    "en": "a sudden, forceful outbreak of an emotion or activity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the eruption from a safe distance.",
    "zh": "我们在安全距离外观看了火山喷发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A major volcanic eruption can disrupt air travel and affect the climate far beyond the surrounding region.",
    "zh": "大规模火山喷发可能扰乱航空出行，并影响远超周边地区的气候。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "volcanic eruption｜火山喷发",
   "an eruption of anger｜怒火的爆发",
   "predict an eruption｜预测火山喷发"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "erupt (v.)",
   "eruptive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "outburst"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常与volcanic搭配；也可指情绪等突然爆发。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eruption"
 },
 {
  "w": "clause",
  "uk": "/klɔːz/",
  "us": "/klɔːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "条款",
    "en": "A separate condition or requirement in a legal document."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分句；从句",
    "en": "A group of words containing a subject and a verb."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One clause in our lease allows us to keep pets.",
    "zh": "我们的租约中有一项条款允许养宠物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employment contracts should include a clause that clearly defines workers' rights to paid leave and flexible working.",
    "zh": "劳动合同应包含明确规定员工带薪休假和弹性工作权利的条款。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a clause in a contract｜合同中的条款",
   "include a clause｜加入一项条款",
   "main clause｜主句",
   "relative clause｜关系从句"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "语法中clause含主语和谓语；phrase通常不含。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clause"
 },
 {
  "w": "subscribe",
  "uk": "/səbˈskraɪb/",
  "us": "/səbˈskraɪb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "订阅；订购",
    "en": "To arrange regular access to a publication or service."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赞同；认同",
    "en": "To agree with a particular belief or view."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We subscribe to a magazine full of easy recipes.",
    "zh": "我们订阅了一本介绍简单食谱的杂志。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many educators subscribe to the view that practical experience should complement theoretical learning in higher education.",
    "zh": "许多教育工作者赞同这样的观点：高等教育应将实践经验与理论学习相结合。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "subscribe to a magazine｜订阅杂志",
   "subscribe to a channel｜订阅频道",
   "subscribe to the view that｜赞同……的观点"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "subscription (n.)",
   "subscriber (n.)",
   "unsubscribe (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unsubscribe"
  ],
  "tip": "订阅和赞同都常用subscribe to，to是介词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "subscribe"
 },
 {
  "w": "beak",
  "uk": "/biːk/",
  "us": "/biːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鸟喙；鸟嘴",
    "en": "The hard, pointed mouth of a bird."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sparrow carried a tiny seed in its beak.",
    "zh": "那只麻雀嘴里衔着一粒小小的种子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The shape of a bird's beak reflects its diet and adaptation to particular environmental conditions.",
    "zh": "鸟喙的形状反映了鸟的食性及其对特定环境条件的适应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sharp beak｜尖锐的鸟喙",
   "a curved beak｜弯曲的鸟喙",
   "in its beak｜在它的喙中"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "beaked (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bill"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "鸟嘴可说beak或bill；人的嘴通常用mouth。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beak"
 },
 {
  "w": "chorus",
  "uk": "/ˈkɔːrəs/",
  "us": "/ˈkɔːrəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "副歌",
    "en": "A repeated section of a song, usually with unchanged words."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "合唱团；齐声",
    "en": "A group singing together, or many voices sounding together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "齐声说；齐声唱",
    "en": "To say or sing something together at the same time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone joined in when the song reached its chorus.",
    "zh": "歌曲唱到副歌时，大家都跟着唱了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A memorable chorus can help environmental campaign songs reach wider audiences and encourage participation in community activities.",
    "zh": "令人难忘的副歌可以帮助环保宣传歌曲吸引更广泛的听众，并鼓励人们参与社区活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sing the chorus｜唱副歌",
   "join in the chorus｜加入副歌合唱",
   "a chorus of approval｜一片赞同声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "choral (adj.)",
   "chorister (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "歌曲的chorus是反复出现的副歌，与verse主歌相对。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chorus"
 },
 {
  "w": "supportive",
  "uk": "/səˈpɔːtɪv/",
  "us": "/səˈpɔːrtɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "给予支持和帮助的",
    "en": "giving help, encouragement, or understanding"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My supportive sister helped me practise before the interview.",
    "zh": "面试前，支持我的姐姐帮我做了练习。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A supportive classroom environment encourages students to ask questions without worrying about making mistakes.",
    "zh": "充满支持的课堂环境能鼓励学生提问，而不必担心犯错。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a supportive family｜给予支持的家庭",
   "a supportive environment｜支持性的环境",
   "supportive of｜支持……的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "support (v.)",
   "support (n.)",
   "supporter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "encouraging",
   "helpful",
   "understanding"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unsupportive"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be supportive of表示支持某人或某事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "supportive"
 },
 {
  "w": "utterly",
  "uk": "/ˈʌtəli/",
  "us": "/ˈʌtərli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "完全地；彻底地",
    "en": "completely, used to strongly emphasise a description"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was utterly exhausted after carrying those heavy boxes.",
    "zh": "搬完那些沉重的箱子后，我累得筋疲力尽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without reliable internet access, some rural students feel utterly excluded from opportunities offered by online education.",
    "zh": "由于缺乏可靠的网络连接，一些农村学生觉得自己完全无法获得在线教育提供的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "utterly exhausted｜筋疲力尽",
   "utterly impossible｜完全不可能",
   "utterly ridiculous｜荒谬至极"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "utter (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "completely",
   "totally",
   "entirely"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "partly"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰强烈或负面形容词，如 impossible、ridiculous。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "utterly"
 },
 {
  "w": "democratic",
  "uk": "/ˌdeməˈkrætɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌdeməˈkrætɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "民主的；民主制度的",
    "en": "Based on government by people or their elected representatives."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "平等参与决策的",
    "en": "Allowing everyone involved an equal opportunity to influence decisions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our club takes a democratic vote on every major decision.",
    "zh": "我们俱乐部对每一项重大决定都进行民主投票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A democratic society depends on informed citizens who can access reliable information and participate freely in public debate.",
    "zh": "民主社会有赖于了解公共事务的公民，他们能够获取可靠信息并自由参与公共讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "democratic society｜民主社会",
   "democratic elections｜民主选举",
   "democratic process｜民主程序",
   "democratic principles｜民主原则"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "democracy (n.)",
   "democratically (adv.)",
   "democratise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "undemocratic",
   "authoritarian"
  ],
  "tip": "小写democratic泛指民主的，不特指某个政党。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "democratic"
 },
 {
  "w": "peninsula",
  "uk": "/pəˈnɪnsjələ/",
  "us": "/pəˈnɪnsələ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "半岛",
    "en": "Land almost surrounded by water but connected to a larger landmass."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cycled around the peninsula and stopped at a beach.",
    "zh": "我们骑车绕着半岛游览，在一处海滩停了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourism on the peninsula provides local employment, but excessive development could damage its fragile coastal habitats.",
    "zh": "半岛上的旅游业为当地提供了就业机会，但过度开发可能破坏其脆弱的沿海栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a narrow peninsula｜狭长的半岛",
   "the tip of the peninsula｜半岛的尖端",
   "on a peninsula｜在半岛上"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "peninsular (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "半岛与大陆相连；island指四面环水的岛。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "peninsula"
 },
 {
  "w": "bound",
  "uk": "/baʊnd/",
  "us": "/baʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "必定的；很可能的",
    "en": "Certain or very likely to happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "前往某地的",
    "en": "Travelling towards a particular destination"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "跳跃着跑",
    "en": "To move with long, energetic jumps"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You're bound to feel tired after such a long walk.",
    "zh": "走了这么远的路，你肯定会觉得累。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without adequate investment in public transport, growing cities are bound to experience increasingly severe traffic congestion.",
    "zh": "如果公共交通投入不足，不断发展的城市必然会面临日益严重的交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be bound to do｜必定会做",
   "be bound for｜前往",
   "bound by law｜受法律约束",
   "bound up with｜与……密切相关"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bind (v.)",
   "binding (adj.)",
   "bounded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bound to后接动词；bound for后接目的地。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bound"
 },
 {
  "w": "submission",
  "uk": "/səbˈmɪʃən/",
  "us": "/səbˈmɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "提交；提交的文件",
    "en": "the act of presenting something, or the material presented"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "屈服；服从",
    "en": "accepting another person's authority or control"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please check your application carefully before submission tomorrow morning.",
    "zh": "请在明早提交前仔细检查你的申请。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online submission of assignments can reduce paper consumption and allow teachers to provide feedback more efficiently.",
    "zh": "在线提交作业可以减少纸张消耗，并让教师更高效地提供反馈。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "submission deadline｜提交截止日期",
   "submission of an application｜申请的提交",
   "a written submission｜提交的书面材料",
   "submission to authority｜对权威的服从"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "submit (v.)",
   "submissive (adj.)",
   "submissively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示提交行为通常不可数；一份提交材料可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "submission"
 },
 {
  "w": "allowance",
  "uk": "/əˈlaʊ.əns/",
  "us": "/əˈlaʊ.əns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "津贴；定期零用钱",
    "en": "Money given regularly to cover particular needs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "限额；定量",
    "en": "An amount you are permitted to use or have"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体谅；酌情考虑",
    "en": "An adjustment made to account for someone's circumstances or difficulties"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My weekly allowance covers bus fares and occasional snacks.",
    "zh": "我每周的零用钱够支付公交车费，偶尔还能买些零食。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A housing allowance can help essential workers afford accommodation in cities where rents are particularly high.",
    "zh": "住房津贴能够帮助必要岗位的工作人员负担租金特别高的城市中的住宿费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a housing allowance｜住房津贴",
   "a daily allowance｜每日津贴",
   "baggage allowance｜行李限额",
   "make allowances for｜体谅；考虑到"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "allow (v.)",
   "allowable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "零用钱义常见于美式英语；英式常用pocket money。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "allowance"
 },
 {
  "w": "smuggle",
  "uk": "/ˈsmʌɡəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsmʌɡəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "走私；偷运；偷带",
    "en": "To move goods or people secretly and against the rules."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Someone tried to smuggle rare birds through the airport.",
    "zh": "有人试图通过机场偷运珍稀鸟类。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stronger international cooperation is needed to stop criminal groups that smuggle endangered animals across national borders.",
    "zh": "需要加强国际合作，以阻止跨境走私濒危动物的犯罪团伙。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "smuggle goods｜走私货物",
   "smuggle something into a country｜将某物走私入境",
   "smuggle something across a border｜跨境偷运某物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "smuggler (n.)",
   "smuggling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用smuggle sth into/out of某地，表示偷运进出。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "smuggle"
 },
 {
  "w": "astonish",
  "uk": "/əˈstɒnɪʃ/",
  "us": "/əˈstɑːnɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使十分惊讶",
    "en": "To surprise someone very much."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The magician's final trick astonished everyone in the room.",
    "zh": "魔术师最后的戏法让屋里的所有人都大吃一惊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The speed at which damaged forests recover can astonish even experienced environmental researchers.",
    "zh": "受损森林恢复的速度甚至会令经验丰富的环境研究人员惊讶。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "astonish an audience｜使观众惊叹",
   "be astonished at｜对……十分惊讶",
   "be astonished to discover｜惊讶地发现"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "astonished (adj.)",
   "astonishing (adj.)",
   "astonishment (n.)",
   "astonishingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "amaze",
   "astound"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "人感到惊讶用astonished；事物令人惊讶用astonishing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "astonish"
 },
 {
  "w": "realistic",
  "uk": "/ˌrɪəˈlɪstɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌriːəˈlɪstɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "现实的；切实可行的",
    "en": "Based on what is actually possible or likely"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "逼真的；写实的",
    "en": "Looking or sounding very much like real life"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Finishing this puzzle tonight is not a realistic goal.",
    "zh": "今晚完成这幅拼图不是一个现实的目标。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should set realistic targets for reducing emissions, taking economic conditions and available technology into account.",
    "zh": "政府应考虑经济状况和现有技术，为减排制定切实可行的目标。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "realistic expectations｜现实的期望",
   "set realistic goals｜制定切实可行的目标",
   "a realistic portrait｜逼真的肖像"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "realism (n.)",
   "realist (n.)",
   "realistically (adv.)",
   "unrealistic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "practical",
   "lifelike"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unrealistic"
  ],
  "tip": "realistic强调符合现实或逼真，real强调真实存在。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "realistic"
 },
 {
  "w": "pearl",
  "uk": "/pɜːl/",
  "us": "/pɝːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "珍珠",
    "en": "A smooth, usually pale gem formed inside certain shellfish."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A single pearl hung from her silver necklace.",
    "zh": "她的银项链上挂着一颗珍珠。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Pearl farming can provide coastal communities with income, although its environmental effects depend on local management practices.",
    "zh": "珍珠养殖可以为沿海社区带来收入，但其环境影响取决于当地的管理方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pearl necklace｜珍珠项链",
   "cultured pearl｜养殖珍珠",
   "a string of pearls｜一串珍珠",
   "pearls of wisdom｜智慧之言"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pearly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a pearl是一颗珍珠；一串用a string of pearls。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pearl"
 },
 {
  "w": "chill",
  "uk": "/tʃɪl/",
  "us": "/tʃɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "寒冷；寒意",
    "en": "An unpleasant feeling of cold in the air or body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "冷藏；使变冷",
    "en": "To make something cold, without necessarily freezing it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放松；休息",
    "en": "To relax rather than work or worry."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There was a chill in the air this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早晨空气中透着一股寒意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Food businesses should chill perishable products promptly to limit bacterial growth and protect public health.",
    "zh": "食品企业应及时冷藏易腐产品，以抑制细菌繁殖并保护公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a chill in the air｜空气中的寒意",
   "chill the dough｜冷藏面团",
   "chill out｜放松"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chilly (adj.)",
   "chilled (adj.)",
   "chilling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "chill指冷却或冷藏，不一定冻住；chill out是口语“放松”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chill"
 },
 {
  "w": "rake",
  "uk": "/reɪk/",
  "us": "/reɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "耙子",
    "en": "a long-handled tool with teeth for gathering leaves or smoothing soil"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用耙子耙；耙拢",
    "en": "to gather or level something using a rake"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I used a rake to gather the fallen leaves.",
    "zh": "我用耙子把落叶拢在一起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Volunteers rake leaves in public gardens to keep paths accessible and maintain attractive communal spaces.",
    "zh": "志愿者在公共花园里耙落叶，以保持道路畅通并维护公共空间的美观。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "garden rake｜园艺耙",
   "rake leaves｜耙落叶",
   "rake the soil｜耙土"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rake up可指耙拢，也可指翻出不愉快的旧事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rake"
 },
 {
  "w": "recreational",
  "uk": "/ˌrekriˈeɪʃənəl/",
  "us": "/ˌrekriˈeɪʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "娱乐的；休闲的",
    "en": "Done for enjoyment and relaxation rather than work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lake is a popular spot for recreational fishing.",
    "zh": "这个湖是休闲垂钓的热门去处。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing affordable recreational facilities can improve public health and strengthen social connections within urban communities.",
    "zh": "提供价格实惠的休闲设施能够改善公众健康，并加强城市社区内部的社会联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "recreational activities｜休闲活动",
   "recreational facilities｜休闲设施",
   "recreational use｜娱乐用途"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recreation (n.)",
   "recreationally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常修饰activities或facilities，强调休闲而非工作。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recreational"
 },
 {
  "w": "threat",
  "uk": "/θret/",
  "us": "/θret/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "威胁；潜在危险",
    "en": "Something that could cause harm or damage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恐吓；威胁的话",
    "en": "A statement expressing an intention to cause harm."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rising river poses a threat to our village.",
    "zh": "不断上涨的河水对我们村庄构成威胁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Habitat destruction remains a major threat to biodiversity, particularly in regions experiencing rapid agricultural expansion.",
    "zh": "栖息地破坏仍是生物多样性面临的重大威胁，在农业迅速扩张的地区尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pose a threat to｜对……构成威胁",
   "under threat｜受到威胁",
   "make a threat｜发出威胁",
   "a serious threat｜严重威胁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "threaten (v.)",
   "threatening (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "danger",
   "menace"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词用 threat；动词用 threaten。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "threat"
 },
 {
  "w": "resolve",
  "uk": "/rɪˈzɒlv/",
  "us": "/rɪˈzɑːlv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "解决；消除",
    "en": "To find a satisfactory solution to a problem or disagreement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "决心；决定",
    "en": "To decide firmly to do something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "决心；坚定信念",
    "en": "Strong determination to achieve something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We resolved the argument by taking turns cooking dinner.",
    "zh": "我们通过轮流做晚饭解决了这场争执。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International cooperation is essential to resolve disputes over shared water resources and prevent future conflicts.",
    "zh": "国际合作对于解决共享水资源争端和预防未来冲突至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "resolve a dispute｜解决争端",
   "resolve an issue｜解决问题",
   "resolve to do something｜决心做某事",
   "strengthen someone's resolve｜坚定某人的决心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "resolution (n.)",
   "resolved (adj.)",
   "unresolved (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "settle",
   "determination"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "resolve a problem是解决；resolve to do是决心做。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resolve"
 },
 {
  "w": "pursuit",
  "uk": "/pəˈsjuːt/",
  "us": "/pɚˈsuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "追求；寻求",
    "en": "The effort to achieve or obtain something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "追赶；追捕",
    "en": "The act of following someone to catch them"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爱好；消遣",
    "en": "An activity you enjoy doing regularly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her pursuit of happiness led her to gardening.",
    "zh": "为了寻找快乐，她开始了园艺活动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The pursuit of economic growth should not come at the expense of environmental protection.",
    "zh": "追求经济增长不应以牺牲环境保护为代价。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in pursuit of｜追求；追赶",
   "the pursuit of knowledge｜对知识的追求",
   "leisure pursuits｜休闲活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pursue (v.)",
   "pursuer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示追求或追赶通常不可数；消遣活动可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pursuit"
 },
 {
  "w": "atomic",
  "uk": "/əˈtɒmɪk/",
  "us": "/əˈtɑːmɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "原子的",
    "en": "Relating to atoms, the basic units of chemical elements."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "原子能的；核能的",
    "en": "Relating to energy released from the nuclei of atoms."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher used coloured balls to explain atomic structure.",
    "zh": "老师用彩色小球来解释原子结构。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Understanding atomic structure has enabled scientists to develop advanced materials for medicine, electronics, and renewable energy technologies.",
    "zh": "对原子结构的理解使科学家得以开发用于医学、电子技术和可再生能源技术的先进材料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "atomic structure｜原子结构",
   "atomic energy｜原子能",
   "atomic number｜原子序数",
   "atomic clock｜原子钟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "atom (n.)",
   "atomically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "atomic强调原子；nuclear更侧重原子核或核能。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "atomic"
 },
 {
  "w": "brainstorm",
  "uk": "/ˈbreɪnstɔːm/",
  "us": "/ˈbreɪnstɔːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "集思广益；头脑风暴",
    "en": "generate many ideas freely, often with other people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "头脑风暴；集体构思",
    "en": "a session of freely generating ideas"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Let's brainstorm some games for the family picnic.",
    "zh": "我们一起想些适合家庭野餐的游戏吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who brainstorm solutions together can develop creative thinking skills and learn to consider alternative perspectives.",
    "zh": "一起集思广益寻找解决方案的学生能培养创造性思维，并学会考虑不同观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "brainstorm ideas｜集思广益想点子",
   "brainstorm solutions｜集体构思解决方案",
   "brainstorming session｜头脑风暴会议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "brainstorming (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常作动词，直接接ideas或solutions等宾语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brainstorm"
 },
 {
  "w": "vocational",
  "uk": "/vəʊˈkeɪʃənəl/",
  "us": "/voʊˈkeɪʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "职业技能的；职业的",
    "en": "Relating to practical skills and training for a particular job"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin chose a vocational course in plumbing.",
    "zh": "我表亲选了一门管道安装维修职业课程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding vocational education can help young people develop practical skills that match the needs of local employers.",
    "zh": "扩大职业教育能帮助年轻人掌握符合当地雇主需求的实用技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vocational training｜职业培训",
   "vocational education｜职业教育",
   "vocational qualifications｜职业资格",
   "vocational course｜职业课程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vocation (n.)",
   "vocationally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常修饰education、training，强调具体职业技能。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vocational"
 },
 {
  "w": "manner",
  "uk": "/ˈmænə/",
  "us": "/ˈmænər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方式；方法",
    "en": "The way something is done or happens."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "举止；态度",
    "en": "The way someone behaves towards other people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "礼貌；礼仪",
    "en": "Socially acceptable ways of behaving, usually expressed in the plural."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She answered my questions in a calm manner.",
    "zh": "她平静地回答了我的问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach children to express disagreement in a respectful manner while encouraging independent thinking.",
    "zh": "学校应教孩子以尊重他人的方式表达不同意见，同时鼓励独立思考。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in a professional manner｜以专业的方式",
   "a friendly manner｜友好的态度",
   "good manners｜有礼貌",
   "table manners｜餐桌礼仪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mannered (adj.)",
   "mannerism (n.)",
   "mannerly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“礼貌、礼仪”用复数manners。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "manner"
 },
 {
  "w": "disposal",
  "uk": "/dɪˈspəʊzəl/",
  "us": "/dɪˈspoʊzəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "清除；处置",
    "en": "The process of getting rid of unwanted things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "供支配；供使用",
    "en": "The state of being available for someone's use"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The council provides bins for the disposal of batteries.",
    "zh": "市政部门提供专门的回收箱，用于处理废旧电池。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Safe waste disposal is essential for protecting groundwater and reducing health risks in densely populated areas.",
    "zh": "安全处置废弃物对于保护地下水和降低人口密集地区的健康风险至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "waste disposal｜废弃物处理",
   "safe disposal｜安全处置",
   "at your disposal｜任你使用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dispose (v.)",
   "disposable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "at someone's disposal 表示供某人使用或支配。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disposal"
 },
 {
  "w": "isolation",
  "uk": "/ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "孤立；隔绝",
    "en": "The state of being separated from other people or places."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "隔离",
    "en": "Keeping someone or something apart to prevent contact or infection."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Weekly visits from neighbours helped reduce her sense of isolation.",
    "zh": "邻居每周的探望帮助减轻了她的孤独感。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in community centres may reduce social isolation among older residents who live alone.",
    "zh": "投资建设社区中心可能减少独居老年居民的社会孤立感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "social isolation｜社会孤立",
   "in isolation｜孤立地；单独地",
   "isolation ward｜隔离病房",
   "a sense of isolation｜孤独感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "isolate (v.)",
   "isolated (adj.)",
   "isolating (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "separation",
   "seclusion"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "integration"
  ],
  "tip": "in isolation可指独自，也可指脱离背景单独考虑。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "isolation"
 },
 {
  "w": "cheeky",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃiːki/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃiːki/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "放肆却讨喜的；厚脸皮的",
    "en": "Slightly rude or disrespectful, often in an amusing way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The child gave a cheeky grin and took another biscuit.",
    "zh": "那孩子调皮地咧嘴一笑，又拿了一块饼干。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advertisements sometimes use cheeky humour to attract attention, although audiences may differ in what they find acceptable.",
    "zh": "广告有时使用略带冒犯的幽默吸引注意，不过不同受众的接受尺度可能不同。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cheeky grin｜调皮的咧嘴笑",
   "a cheeky remark｜放肆的话",
   "a cheeky request｜厚着脸皮的请求"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cheek (n.)",
   "cheekily (adv.)",
   "cheekiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "impudent",
   "impertinent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "respectful"
  ],
  "tip": "指调皮放肆，不是胖乎乎；胖乎乎用chubby。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cheeky"
 },
 {
  "w": "controversy",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒntrəvɜːsi/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːntrəvɝːsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公开争议；争论",
    "en": "Strong public disagreement about a particular issue."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The plan to close our pool sparked local controversy.",
    "zh": "关闭我们游泳池的计划在当地引发了争议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The use of facial recognition in public spaces has generated controversy over privacy and personal freedom.",
    "zh": "在公共场所使用人脸识别技术引发了有关隐私和个人自由的争议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spark controversy｜引发争议",
   "controversy over｜关于……的争议",
   "a subject of controversy｜有争议的话题",
   "amid controversy｜在争议声中"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "controversial (adj.)",
   "controversially (adv.)",
   "uncontroversial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dispute",
   "disagreement"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "consensus"
  ],
  "tip": "多指公众对某议题的争议，不是普通口角。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "controversy"
 },
 {
  "w": "master",
  "uk": "/ˈmɑːstə/",
  "us": "/ˈmæstɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "掌握；精通",
    "en": "To learn to do something very well."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大师；能手",
    "en": "A person with exceptional skill in a particular activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "主要的；总的",
    "en": "Main or controlling all other related parts."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After weeks of practice, Hana finally mastered the dance.",
    "zh": "经过数周练习，哈娜终于熟练掌握了这支舞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students need opportunities to master practical skills rather than simply memorise information for examinations.",
    "zh": "学生需要掌握实用技能的机会，而不只是为考试背诵知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "master a skill｜掌握一项技能",
   "a master of｜某方面的大师",
   "master plan｜总体规划",
   "master's degree｜硕士学位"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mastery (n.)",
   "masterful (adj.)",
   "masterfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词直接接宾语；硕士学位写作master's degree。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "master"
 },
 {
  "w": "obesity",
  "uk": "/əʊˈbiːsəti/",
  "us": "/oʊˈbiːsəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肥胖症",
    "en": "A condition involving excess body fat that can harm health."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The clinic offers supportive care for people with obesity.",
    "zh": "这家诊所为肥胖症患者提供支持性照护。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preventing obesity requires attention to food environments, physical activity, and the wider social factors that influence health.",
    "zh": "预防肥胖症需要关注食品环境、身体活动，以及影响健康的更广泛社会因素。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "childhood obesity｜儿童肥胖症",
   "obesity prevention｜肥胖症预防",
   "obesity rates｜肥胖率"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "obese (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；可用people with obesity称患者。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obesity"
 },
 {
  "w": "fleece",
  "uk": "/fliːs/",
  "us": "/fliːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "羊毛；整张羊毛",
    "en": "the wool covering a sheep, or removed in one piece"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抓绒面料；抓绒衣",
    "en": "a soft warm fabric, or a jacket made from it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "敲诈；骗取钱财",
    "en": "to cheat someone by charging too much or taking their money"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer carefully removed the sheep's thick fleece.",
    "zh": "农场主小心地剪下了绵羊厚厚的毛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although synthetic fleece provides affordable warmth, washing it can release tiny plastic fibres into waterways.",
    "zh": "虽然合成抓绒面料保暖又实惠，但清洗时可能将微小塑料纤维释放到水道中。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sheep's fleece｜绵羊的毛",
   "fleece jacket｜抓绒外套",
   "synthetic fleece｜合成抓绒面料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fleecy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "面料义通常不可数；a fleece 可指一件抓绒衣。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fleece"
 },
 {
  "w": "numb",
  "uk": "/nʌm/",
  "us": "/nʌm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "麻木的；失去知觉的",
    "en": "Unable to feel physical sensations in part of the body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "情感麻木的；呆滞的",
    "en": "Unable to feel emotions, often because of shock."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使麻木；使失去知觉",
    "en": "To make a body part or someone's feelings less sensitive."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My fingers went numb while I waited in the snow.",
    "zh": "我在雪中等候时，手指冻麻了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Workers exposed to extreme cold may develop numb fingers, reducing their ability to handle equipment safely.",
    "zh": "暴露于严寒中的工人可能出现手指麻木，从而降低安全操作设备的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go numb｜变得麻木",
   "feel numb｜感觉麻木",
   "numb with shock｜震惊得呆住",
   "numb the pain｜麻痹痛感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "numbness (n)",
   "numbly (adv)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "词尾b不发音；既可指身体麻木，也可指情感麻木。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "numb"
 },
 {
  "w": "observe",
  "uk": "/əbˈzɜːv/",
  "us": "/əbˈzɝːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "观察；注意到",
    "en": "to watch carefully or notice something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "遵守；奉行",
    "en": "to follow a rule or practise a custom"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "评论；说",
    "en": "to make a comment about something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We observed a tiny bird building its nest outside.",
    "zh": "我们观察到一只小鸟正在外面筑巢。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who observe wildlife directly often develop a deeper understanding of how ecosystems function.",
    "zh": "直接观察野生动物的学生往往能更深入地理解生态系统如何运作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "observe closely｜仔细观察",
   "observe the rules｜遵守规则",
   "observe a tradition｜遵循传统"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "observation (n.)",
   "observer (n.)",
   "observant (adj.)",
   "observable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "watch",
   "notice"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "observe sb doing sth 表示观察到某人正在做某事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "observe"
 },
 {
  "w": "outlet",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊtlet/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊtlet/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "销售网点；专卖店",
    "en": "A shop or other place where goods are sold."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "表达渠道；宣泄途径",
    "en": "A way to express feelings, energy, or creative abilities."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "出口；排放口",
    "en": "An opening through which liquid, gas, or air can escape."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A new clothing outlet opened near the station yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天车站附近新开了一家服装店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community arts programmes provide a valuable outlet for young people to express emotions and develop confidence.",
    "zh": "社区艺术项目为年轻人表达情感、培养自信提供了宝贵的渠道。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "retail outlet｜零售网点",
   "creative outlet｜发挥创造力的途径",
   "an outlet for frustration｜宣泄挫败感的途径",
   "water outlet｜出水口"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "outlet for常指表达渠道；美式英语中也指电源插座。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outlet"
 },
 {
  "w": "accessory",
  "uk": "/əkˈsesəri/",
  "us": "/əkˈsesəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "配件；附件",
    "en": "An extra item that adds usefulness to something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "服饰配件",
    "en": "Something worn or carried to complement clothing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "从犯；帮凶",
    "en": "Someone who helps another person commit a crime"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small camera accessory keeps my photos steady.",
    "zh": "这个小巧的相机配件能让我拍照时保持稳定。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers often replace electronic accessories unnecessarily, increasing waste and demand for raw materials worldwide.",
    "zh": "消费者常常在没有必要的情况下更换电子配件，增加了废弃物和全球对原材料的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "camera accessories｜相机配件",
   "fashion accessories｜时尚配饰",
   "an accessory to a crime｜犯罪的从犯"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "配件常用复数accessories；从犯后常接to。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accessory"
 },
 {
  "w": "publicity",
  "uk": "/pʌbˈlɪsəti/",
  "us": "/pʌbˈlɪsəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "媒体关注；公众关注",
    "en": "Attention given to someone or something by the media."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宣传；推广",
    "en": "Activities intended to attract public attention to something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new bakery received plenty of publicity after opening.",
    "zh": "那家新面包店开业后获得了大量媒体关注。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Positive publicity can attract visitors to lesser-known destinations, creating employment opportunities for local residents.",
    "zh": "正面宣传可以吸引游客前往鲜为人知的目的地，为当地居民创造就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "positive publicity｜正面宣传报道",
   "adverse publicity｜负面报道",
   "generate publicity｜引起媒体关注",
   "publicity campaign｜宣传活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "publicise (v.)",
   "publicist (n.)",
   "public (adj.)",
   "publicly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；不同于advertising，不一定是付费广告。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "publicity"
 },
 {
  "w": "suck",
  "uk": "/sʌk/",
  "us": "/sʌk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吸；吮吸",
    "en": "To draw liquid or air in using the mouth"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吸入；吸走",
    "en": "To pull something inward through suction"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "很糟糕；令人讨厌",
    "en": "To be very bad or unpleasant, in informal speech"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The baby sucked her thumb and slowly fell asleep.",
    "zh": "宝宝吮着拇指，慢慢睡着了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern ventilation systems suck polluted air out of buildings, helping to maintain a healthier indoor environment.",
    "zh": "现代通风系统将污浊空气从建筑内抽出，有助于维持更健康的室内环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "suck your thumb｜吮拇指",
   "suck through a straw｜用吸管吸",
   "suck in air｜吸入空气",
   "suck up water｜吸走水"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suction (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“很糟糕”时属非正式用语，不宜用于学术写作。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suck"
 },
 {
  "w": "treaty",
  "uk": "/ˈtriːti/",
  "us": "/ˈtriːti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "条约；国家间协议",
    "en": "a formal agreement between countries"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We heard about the new treaty on the radio.",
    "zh": "我们从广播中听说了这项新条约。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An international treaty can establish shared environmental standards, but its success depends on effective enforcement.",
    "zh": "国际条约可以确立共同的环境标准，但其成功取决于有效执行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sign a treaty｜签署条约",
   "peace treaty｜和平条约",
   "ratify a treaty｜批准条约",
   "treaty obligations｜条约义务"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "agreement",
   "pact",
   "accord"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指国家间正式协议，不表示谈判过程。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "treaty"
 },
 {
  "w": "stable",
  "uk": "/ˈsteɪbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsteɪbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "稳定的；稳固的",
    "en": "unlikely to change suddenly, fall, or become worse"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "马厩",
    "en": "a building where horses are kept"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The table feels stable now that we tightened its legs.",
    "zh": "我们把桌腿拧紧后，桌子现在感觉稳固了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A stable income allows families to plan for future expenses and reduces their dependence on emergency financial assistance.",
    "zh": "稳定的收入让家庭能够规划未来开支，并减少对紧急经济援助的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a stable income｜稳定的收入",
   "remain stable｜保持稳定",
   "a stable environment｜稳定的环境",
   "in a stable condition｜情况稳定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stability (n.)",
   "stabilize (v.)",
   "unstable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "steady",
   "secure"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unstable"
  ],
  "tip": "作形容词指稳定；作可数名词指马厩。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stable"
 },
 {
  "w": "division",
  "uk": "/dɪˈvɪʒən/",
  "us": "/dɪˈvɪʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分割；分配",
    "en": "the act of separating something into parts or shares"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "部门；分部",
    "en": "a major section of a company or organisation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分歧；分裂",
    "en": "disagreement that separates people into opposing groups"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We agreed on a fair division of household chores.",
    "zh": "我们就家务的公平分工达成了一致。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A clear division of responsibilities between local and national authorities can improve the delivery of public services.",
    "zh": "地方与中央部门之间明确划分职责，可以改善公共服务的提供。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "division of labour｜劳动分工",
   "division of responsibilities｜职责划分",
   "a research division｜研究部门",
   "social division｜社会分裂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "divide (v.)",
   "divided (adj.)",
   "divisive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "separation",
   "department",
   "split"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unity"
  ],
  "tip": "还可指数学中的除法；divide 是对应动词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "division"
 },
 {
  "w": "rooster",
  "uk": "/ˈruːstə/",
  "us": "/ˈruːstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公鸡",
    "en": "An adult male chicken."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rooster woke us just before sunrise this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，天快亮时公鸡就把我们叫醒了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Keeping a rooster in a densely populated neighbourhood may cause noise disputes between otherwise friendly neighbours.",
    "zh": "在人口密集的社区养公鸡，可能使原本友好的邻居之间发生噪音纠纷。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a rooster crows｜公鸡啼叫",
   "a rooster's crow｜公鸡的啼叫声"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cockerel"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rooster常用于美式英语；cockerel尤指年轻公鸡。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rooster"
 },
 {
  "w": "competent",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmpɪtənt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmpɪtənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "能胜任的；有能力的",
    "en": "Having enough skill and knowledge to do something well."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our new mechanic is competent and explains every repair clearly.",
    "zh": "我们的新修车师傅很能干，每项维修都解释得很清楚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools need competent teachers who can adapt their methods to students with different learning needs.",
    "zh": "学校需要能够根据学生不同学习需求调整教学方法的合格教师。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "competent teacher｜称职的教师",
   "competent at｜能胜任",
   "technically competent｜技术过硬的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "competence (n.)",
   "competently (adv.)",
   "incompetent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "capable",
   "proficient"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "incompetent"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be competent at doing，表示能胜任某事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "competent"
 },
 {
  "w": "margin",
  "uk": "/ˈmɑːdʒɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːrdʒɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "页边空白；边缘",
    "en": "the blank space around a page or an area's edge"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "差额；差距；余地",
    "en": "the difference between amounts or extra space for safety"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "利润率；利润差额",
    "en": "the difference between selling price and production cost"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leave a wide margin for your teacher's comments.",
    "zh": "留出宽一些的页边空白，方便老师写评语。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small retailers often operate on a narrow profit margin, making them particularly vulnerable to rising energy costs.",
    "zh": "小型零售商往往利润微薄，因此尤其容易受到能源成本上涨的冲击。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wide margin｜宽阔的页边空白；很大的差距",
   "profit margin｜利润率",
   "margin of error｜误差幅度",
   "a safety margin｜安全余量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "marginal (adj.)",
   "marginally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "edge",
   "gap"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "by a narrow margin表示以微小差距获胜等。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "margin"
 },
 {
  "w": "virtually",
  "uk": "/ˈvɜːtʃuəli/",
  "us": "/ˈvɝːtʃuəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "几乎；实际上",
    "en": "Almost completely, or in every important practical way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "以虚拟方式；在线地",
    "en": "Using computers rather than being physically present."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The fridge was virtually empty when we got home.",
    "zh": "我们到家时，冰箱里几乎空了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online courses have made educational resources accessible from virtually any location with an internet connection.",
    "zh": "在线课程使人们几乎在任何有网络连接的地方都能获取教育资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "virtually impossible｜几乎不可能",
   "virtually identical｜几乎完全相同",
   "virtually all｜几乎所有"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "virtual (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "almost",
   "nearly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指“几乎”，不等于表示真实情况的actually。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "virtually"
 },
 {
  "w": "coldness",
  "uk": "/ˈkəʊldnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈkoʊldnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "寒冷；冰冷",
    "en": "the state or feeling of having a low temperature"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冷淡；冷漠",
    "en": "a lack of friendliness, affection, or sympathy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The coldness of the water made me gasp.",
    "zh": "冰冷的水让我倒吸了一口气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The apparent coldness of online communication can make it harder for remote workers to build trusting relationships.",
    "zh": "网络交流表面上的冷淡可能让远程工作者更难建立信任关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the coldness of the water｜水的冰冷",
   "emotional coldness｜情感上的冷漠",
   "respond with coldness｜冷淡地回应"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cold (adj.)",
   "coldly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "chilliness",
   "aloofness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "warmth"
  ],
  "tip": "可指温度低，也可指态度不友好，通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coldness"
 },
 {
  "w": "conventional",
  "uk": "/kənˈvenʃənəl/",
  "us": "/kənˈvenʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "传统的；常规的",
    "en": "following methods or ideas that are usual and widely accepted"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We chose a conventional oven instead of a microwave.",
    "zh": "我们选了普通烤箱，而不是微波炉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Conventional farming methods often rely on chemical fertilisers to maintain high crop yields over large areas.",
    "zh": "常规农业方法往往依赖化肥来维持大面积农田的高产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conventional methods｜常规方法",
   "conventional wisdom｜普遍看法",
   "conventional medicine｜常规医学",
   "conventional farming｜常规农业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "convention (n.)",
   "conventionally (adv.)",
   "unconventional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "traditional",
   "standard"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unconventional"
  ],
  "tip": "conventional强调符合常规，不一定指历史悠久。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conventional"
 },
 {
  "w": "fortress",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːtrəs/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrtrəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "堡垒；要塞",
    "en": "A strongly defended building or place designed to resist attack."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We climbed the hill to explore the old fortress.",
    "zh": "我们爬上山丘，探访那座古老的要塞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring a historic fortress can attract visitors while preserving evidence of a region's military past.",
    "zh": "修复历史要塞既能吸引游客，也能保存当地军事历史的见证。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a medieval fortress｜中世纪堡垒",
   "a heavily fortified fortress｜防御严密的要塞",
   "an island fortress｜岛上要塞"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fort (n.)",
   "fortify (v.)",
   "fortification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stronghold",
   "citadel",
   "fort"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指防御坚固的要塞；castle更强调城堡建筑。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fortress"
 },
 {
  "w": "inadequate",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈædɪkwət/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈædɪkwət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不足的；不够好的",
    "en": "not enough or not good enough for a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "感到能力不足的",
    "en": "feeling unable to handle a situation successfully"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This tiny heater is inadequate for such a large room.",
    "zh": "这么大的房间用这个小暖气，供暖远远不够。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Inadequate public transport can prevent rural residents from accessing employment opportunities and essential healthcare services.",
    "zh": "公共交通不足会妨碍农村居民获得就业机会和必要的医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inadequate funding｜资金不足",
   "inadequate facilities｜设施不足",
   "inadequate for the task｜不足以胜任任务",
   "feel inadequate｜感到力不从心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adequate (adj.)",
   "inadequately (adv.)",
   "inadequacy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "insufficient",
   "unsatisfactory"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "adequate",
   "sufficient"
  ],
  "tip": "常用inadequate for；指数量不足或质量不达标。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inadequate"
 },
 {
  "w": "effectiveness",
  "uk": "/ɪˈfektɪvnəs/",
  "us": "/ɪˈfektɪvnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "有效性；成效",
    "en": "the degree to which something produces the intended result"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was surprised by the effectiveness of this cleaner.",
    "zh": "这种清洁剂的效果让我很惊讶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should evaluate the effectiveness of educational programmes before recommending their adoption across the national school system.",
    "zh": "研究人员应先评估教育项目的成效，再建议在全国学校系统中推广。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "evaluate effectiveness｜评估有效性",
   "improve effectiveness｜提高成效",
   "demonstrate effectiveness｜证明有效性",
   "cost effectiveness｜成本效益"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "effective (adj.)",
   "effectively (adv.)",
   "ineffective (adj.)",
   "effect (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "efficacy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ineffectiveness"
  ],
  "tip": "effectiveness重效果；efficiency重时间与资源效率。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "effectiveness"
 },
 {
  "w": "pollutant",
  "uk": "/pəˈluːtənt/",
  "us": "/pəˈluːtənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "污染物",
    "en": "A substance that makes air, water, or soil dirty or harmful."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This filter removes harmful pollutants from our drinking water.",
    "zh": "这个过滤器能去除我们饮用水中的有害污染物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stricter controls on industrial pollutants could improve air quality and reduce respiratory illness in urban areas.",
    "zh": "更严格地管控工业污染物可以改善空气质量，减少城市地区的呼吸道疾病。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "air pollutant｜空气污染物",
   "harmful pollutants｜有害污染物",
   "industrial pollutants｜工业污染物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pollute (v.)",
   "pollution (n.)",
   "polluted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pollutant指具体污染物，可数；pollution指污染。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pollutant"
 },
 {
  "w": "reflection",
  "uk": "/rɪˈflekʃən/",
  "us": "/rɪˈflekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "映像；倒影",
    "en": "an image seen in a mirror or shiny surface"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "沉思；反思",
    "en": "careful thought about an experience, idea, or decision"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "反映；体现",
    "en": "something that shows the nature or condition of something else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A duck disturbed the mountain's reflection in the lake.",
    "zh": "一只鸭子搅动了湖中山峦的倒影。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular reflection on classroom experiences can help teachers identify weaknesses and improve their teaching methods.",
    "zh": "经常反思课堂经历能帮助教师发现不足并改进教学方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a reflection in the mirror｜镜中的映像",
   "on reflection｜仔细考虑后",
   "a reflection of society｜社会的写照"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reflect (v.)",
   "reflective (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "image",
   "contemplation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on reflection表示仔细考虑后；a reflection of表示……的体现。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reflection"
 },
 {
  "w": "actual",
  "uk": "/ˈæktʃuəl/",
  "us": "/ˈæktʃuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "实际的；真实的",
    "en": "real, rather than imagined, estimated, or claimed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The actual bill was much lower than we expected.",
    "zh": "实际账单金额比我们预想的低得多。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should measure the actual impact of transport policies rather than relying solely on predicted benefits.",
    "zh": "政府应衡量交通政策的实际影响，而不是仅仅依赖预期收益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "actual cost｜实际成本",
   "actual results｜实际结果",
   "actual size｜实际大小"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "actually (adv.)",
   "actuality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "real",
   "true"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "imaginary"
  ],
  "tip": "actual指实际的，不等于表示目前的current。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "actual"
 },
 {
  "w": "occasional",
  "uk": "/əˈkeɪʒənəl/",
  "us": "/əˈkeɪʒənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "偶尔的；不经常的",
    "en": "happening sometimes, but not often or regularly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We enjoy an occasional picnic beside the river.",
    "zh": "我们喜欢偶尔到河边野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even occasional access to green spaces can improve the wellbeing of people living in crowded cities.",
    "zh": "即使只是偶尔接触绿地，也能改善拥挤城市居民的身心健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "occasional visits｜偶尔的探访",
   "occasional problems｜偶发的问题",
   "an occasional user｜偶尔使用的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "occasion (n.)",
   "occasionally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "infrequent",
   "sporadic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "frequent",
   "regular"
  ],
  "tip": "occasional修饰名词；occasionally修饰动词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "occasional"
 },
 {
  "w": "bitterly",
  "uk": "/ˈbɪtəli/",
  "us": "/ˈbɪtɚli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "痛苦地；愤愤地",
    "en": "with strong sadness, anger, or disappointment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "极其；非常",
    "en": "extremely, especially when describing cold or unpleasant feelings"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He complained bitterly when his bicycle was stolen again.",
    "zh": "自行车再次被偷后，他愤愤不平地抱怨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During bitterly cold winters, poorly insulated homes increase energy costs and put vulnerable residents' health at risk.",
    "zh": "在严寒的冬季，保温不良的住宅会增加能源开支，并危及弱势居民的健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bitterly disappointed｜极度失望",
   "bitterly cold｜严寒的",
   "complain bitterly｜愤愤地抱怨",
   "weep bitterly｜痛哭"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bitter (adj.)",
   "bitterness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "resentfully",
   "deeply"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常修饰负面情绪或cold，不宜泛用于积极形容词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bitterly"
 },
 {
  "w": "fragment",
  "uk": "/ˈfræɡmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈfræɡmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "碎片；片段",
    "en": "A small piece broken off or separated from something larger."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "破碎；使分裂",
    "en": "To break something, or become broken, into smaller separate parts."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I found a fragment of blue glass beside the gate.",
    "zh": "我在大门旁发现了一块蓝色玻璃碎片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Plastic waste can fragment into tiny particles that enter food chains and threaten marine wildlife.",
    "zh": "塑料垃圾会碎裂成微小颗粒，进入食物链并威胁海洋野生动物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fragment of glass｜一块玻璃碎片",
   "bone fragments｜骨头碎片",
   "fragment into｜碎裂成",
   "sentence fragment｜不完整句"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fragmentation (n.)",
   "fragmented (adj.)",
   "fragmentary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "piece",
   "shard"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "whole"
  ],
  "tip": "名词重音在前；动词读/fræɡˈment/，重音在后。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fragment"
 },
 {
  "w": "abolish",
  "uk": "/əˈbɒlɪʃ/",
  "us": "/əˈbɑːlɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "废除；取消",
    "en": "to officially end a law, system, or established practice"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our library has abolished fines for returning books late.",
    "zh": "我们的图书馆已经取消了逾期还书罚款。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some economists argue that governments should abolish subsidies that encourage excessive consumption of fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "一些经济学家主张，政府应废除鼓励过度消耗化石燃料的补贴。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "abolish a law｜废除法律",
   "abolish a tax｜取消某项税收",
   "abolish slavery｜废除奴隶制"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "abolition (n.)",
   "abolitionist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "eliminate",
   "scrap"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "establish",
   "introduce"
  ],
  "tip": "常接法律、制度或惯例，不用于取消普通预约。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "abolish"
 },
 {
  "w": "bamboo",
  "uk": "/ˌbæmˈbuː/",
  "us": "/ˌbæmˈbuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "竹；竹材",
    "en": "A tall plant with hollow woody stems, or its strong material."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She planted bamboo along the fence for extra privacy.",
    "zh": "她沿着围栏种了竹子，让院子更私密。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Bamboo grows rapidly and can provide a renewable building material when plantations are managed responsibly.",
    "zh": "竹子生长迅速，在种植园得到负责任管理的情况下，可以提供可再生建筑材料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bamboo forest｜竹林",
   "bamboo shoots｜竹笋",
   "bamboo furniture｜竹制家具"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指竹子或竹材时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bamboo"
 },
 {
  "w": "rap",
  "uk": "/ræp/",
  "us": "/ræp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "说唱音乐；说唱歌曲",
    "en": "music with words spoken rhythmically over a strong beat"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表演说唱",
    "en": "to speak words rhythmically over a musical beat"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "快速敲击",
    "en": "to hit a surface with short, sharp blows"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother listens to rap while he cooks dinner.",
    "zh": "我哥哥做晚饭时会听说唱音乐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rap can give young people a creative way to express their experiences and discuss social issues.",
    "zh": "说唱能为年轻人提供一种富有创意的方式，表达经历并讨论社会问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rap music｜说唱音乐",
   "rap artist｜说唱艺人",
   "rap on the door｜急促敲门"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rapper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rap重读闭音节结尾：rapped、rapping双写p。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rap"
 },
 {
  "w": "shepherd",
  "uk": "/ˈʃepəd/",
  "us": "/ˈʃepərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牧羊人",
    "en": "A person who looks after sheep"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "引领；护送；照看",
    "en": "To guide people carefully in a particular direction"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shepherd led the sheep home before sunset.",
    "zh": "牧羊人在日落前把羊群领回了家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museum staff shepherd visitors through crowded galleries to ensure that everyone can move safely between exhibits.",
    "zh": "博物馆工作人员引导游客穿过拥挤的展厅，确保所有人都能在展品之间安全通行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a flock of sheep｜一群羊",
   "a shepherd's hut｜牧羊人的小屋",
   "shepherd visitors through｜引导游客穿过"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shepherdess (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "herder",
   "guide"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词通常及物：shepherd sb into/through某处。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shepherd"
 },
 {
  "w": "striking",
  "uk": "/ˈstraɪkɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈstraɪkɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "引人注目的；显著的",
    "en": "Very noticeable or impressive."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her bright scarf makes a striking contrast with her coat.",
    "zh": "她鲜艳的围巾与外套形成了鲜明对比。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The survey revealed striking differences in access to public transport between urban and rural communities.",
    "zh": "调查显示，城乡社区在公共交通便利程度上存在显著差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "striking contrast｜鲜明对比",
   "striking resemblance｜惊人的相似",
   "striking difference｜显著差异"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "strikingly (adv.)",
   "strike (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "remarkable",
   "conspicuous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unremarkable"
  ],
  "tip": "表示醒目或显著，不一定表示令人震惊。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "striking"
 },
 {
  "w": "copyright",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒpiraɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːpiraɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "版权；著作权",
    "en": "the legal right to control copying and use of creative work"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为……取得版权保护",
    "en": "to secure copyright protection for a creative work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Check the copyright before using that photo on your website.",
    "zh": "在网站上使用那张照片前，先查清它的版权情况。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Copyright laws aim to protect creators while allowing certain uses of their work for education and research.",
    "zh": "版权法旨在保护创作者，同时允许出于教育和研究目的以某些方式使用其作品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "copyright protection｜版权保护",
   "copyright holder｜版权所有者",
   "copyright infringement｜侵犯版权",
   "under copyright｜受版权保护"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "版权是copyright；专利权是patent，勿混用。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "copyright"
 },
 {
  "w": "disgust",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈɡʌst/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈɡʌst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "厌恶；反感",
    "en": "a strong feeling of dislike caused by something unpleasant"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使厌恶；使反感",
    "en": "to make someone feel strong dislike or revulsion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wrinkled her nose in disgust at the rotten fruit.",
    "zh": "看到腐烂的水果，她厌恶地皱起鼻子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents expressed disgust at the illegal dumping of household waste beside the local river.",
    "zh": "居民对在当地河边非法倾倒生活垃圾的行为表示厌恶。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in disgust｜厌恶地",
   "express disgust｜表达厌恶",
   "disgust at｜对……的厌恶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disgusted (adj.)",
   "disgusting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "revulsion",
   "loathing"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "disgusted形容人的感受；disgusting形容令人厌恶的事物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disgust"
 },
 {
  "w": "accomplish",
  "uk": "/əˈkʌmplɪʃ/",
  "us": "/əˈkɑːmplɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "完成；实现",
    "en": "to successfully finish something or achieve a goal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We accomplished everything before the guests arrived for dinner.",
    "zh": "客人来吃晚饭前，我们把所有事情都办好了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students can accomplish more when teachers provide clear goals and regular feedback on their progress.",
    "zh": "教师提供明确目标并定期反馈学习进展时，学生能取得更多成果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "accomplish a task｜完成任务",
   "accomplish a goal｜实现目标",
   "accomplish a great deal｜取得很大成果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accomplishment (n.)",
   "accomplished (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "achieve",
   "complete"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接任务或目标，不接不定式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accomplish"
 },
 {
  "w": "hostile",
  "uk": "/ˈhɒstaɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːstəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "敌意的；强烈反对的",
    "en": "unfriendly or strongly opposed to someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "恶劣的；不利的",
    "en": "having conditions that make life or progress difficult"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "敌方的；敌对的",
    "en": "belonging to an enemy or acting against another side"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His hostile reply made everyone at the table uncomfortable.",
    "zh": "他充满敌意的回答让桌边的每个人都感到不自在。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Communities may become hostile to new developments if residents feel excluded from the planning process.",
    "zh": "如果居民觉得自己被排除在规划过程之外，社区可能会强烈反对新的开发项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hostile to change｜抵制变革的",
   "hostile reception｜不友好的接待",
   "hostile environment｜恶劣的环境",
   "hostile forces｜敌方部队"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hostility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unfriendly",
   "antagonistic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "friendly",
   "welcoming"
  ],
  "tip": "hostile to后接名词或动名词，表示敌视或反对。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hostile"
 },
 {
  "w": "typhoon",
  "uk": "/taɪˈfuːn/",
  "us": "/taɪˈfuːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "台风",
    "en": "A powerful tropical storm in the western Pacific Ocean."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed indoors as the typhoon shook the windows.",
    "zh": "台风把窗户震得直响，我们一直待在室内。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal communities need stronger buildings and reliable warning systems to reduce damage caused by typhoons.",
    "zh": "沿海社区需要更坚固的建筑和可靠的预警系统，以减少台风造成的破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a powerful typhoon｜强台风",
   "a typhoon hits｜台风袭来",
   "typhoon warning｜台风预警"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与hurricane均指热带气旋，名称因发生海域而异。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "typhoon"
 },
 {
  "w": "county",
  "uk": "/ˈkaʊnti/",
  "us": "/ˈkaʊnti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "郡；县",
    "en": "An administrative area within a country or state."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandparents live in a quiet village in this county.",
    "zh": "我的祖父母住在这个郡里一个安静的村庄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The county council plans to improve public transport between rural communities and the nearest city.",
    "zh": "郡议会计划改善乡村社区与最近城市之间的公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "county council｜郡议会",
   "county town｜郡治所在地",
   "county boundary｜郡界"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英国的county通常译为“郡”，美国的译为“县”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "county"
 },
 {
  "w": "curl",
  "uk": "/kɜːl/",
  "us": "/kɜːrl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "卷曲；使卷曲",
    "en": "to form or make something form a curved shape"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卷发；卷曲物",
    "en": "a piece of hair or material shaped into a curve"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dry leaves curl at the edges in autumn.",
    "zh": "秋天，干枯的叶子边缘会卷起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During prolonged droughts, leaves may curl to reduce water loss and protect plants from further damage.",
    "zh": "在持续干旱期间，叶片可能卷曲，以减少水分流失并保护植物免受进一步损害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "curl up｜蜷缩",
   "curl your hair｜把头发卷起来",
   "tight curls｜紧密的小卷发"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "curly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "straighten"
  ],
  "tip": "curl up指蜷缩身体，常用于人或动物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "curl"
 },
 {
  "w": "moreover",
  "uk": "/mɔːrˈəʊvə/",
  "us": "/mɔːrˈoʊvɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "而且；此外",
    "en": "Used to add another fact supporting what was just said."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The flat is spacious; moreover, it has a balcony.",
    "zh": "这套公寓很宽敞，而且还有一个阳台。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public parks provide space for exercise; moreover, they can strengthen community ties by encouraging informal social interaction.",
    "zh": "公共公园提供锻炼场所；此外，它们还可通过促进非正式的社交互动来加强社区联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "moreover, it is important to｜此外，重要的是要",
   "moreover, there is evidence that｜而且，有证据表明"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "furthermore",
   "besides",
   "additionally"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式递进副词；连接独立句时，前用句号或分号。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "moreover"
 },
 {
  "w": "harmony",
  "uk": "/ˈhɑːməni/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːrməni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "和谐；融洽",
    "en": "A peaceful relationship in which people cooperate and agree."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "协调；一致",
    "en": "A pleasing match or agreement between different things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "和声",
    "en": "Different musical notes played or sung together to support a melody."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our cats and dogs live together in perfect harmony.",
    "zh": "我们家的猫和狗相处得十分融洽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community projects can promote social harmony by bringing residents from different backgrounds together to achieve shared goals.",
    "zh": "社区项目让不同背景的居民携手实现共同目标，从而促进社会和谐。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "live in harmony｜和睦相处",
   "social harmony｜社会和谐",
   "in harmony with nature｜与自然和谐共处",
   "sing in harmony｜用和声演唱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "harmonious (adj.)",
   "harmoniously (adv.)",
   "harmonise (v.)",
   "harmonisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "accord",
   "agreement"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "conflict",
   "discord"
  ],
  "tip": "常用in harmony with表示与……和谐或一致。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "harmony"
 },
 {
  "w": "construction",
  "uk": "/kənˈstrʌkʃən/",
  "us": "/kənˈstrʌkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "建设；建造",
    "en": "the process of building something, especially roads or buildings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "建造物；构造物",
    "en": "something made by joining parts together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "语法结构",
    "en": "the way words are arranged to form a phrase or sentence"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Construction of the new bridge started early this morning.",
    "zh": "新桥的建设今天一早开始了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The construction of energy-efficient housing can reduce household bills and limit the environmental impact of urban growth.",
    "zh": "建设节能住宅可以降低家庭账单支出，并减少城市扩张对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "under construction｜在建造中",
   "construction site｜建筑工地",
   "construction industry｜建筑业",
   "sentence construction｜句子结构"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "construct (v.)",
   "reconstruct (v.)",
   "reconstruction (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "building"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "demolition"
  ],
  "tip": "表示建造过程时不可数；under construction指在建。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "construction"
 },
 {
  "w": "relevant",
  "uk": "/ˈreləvənt/",
  "us": "/ˈreləvənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相关的；切题的",
    "en": "closely connected with the subject or situation being considered"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please bring any documents relevant to your application.",
    "zh": "请带上与你的申请有关的所有文件。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should ensure that their courses remain relevant to the changing needs of the labour market.",
    "zh": "大学应确保课程始终契合劳动力市场不断变化的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "relevant to｜与……相关",
   "relevant experience｜相关经验",
   "relevant information｜相关信息",
   "highly relevant｜高度相关的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "relevance (n.)",
   "irrelevant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pertinent",
   "applicable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "irrelevant"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“与……相关”用relevant to，不用with。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "relevant"
 },
 {
  "w": "melody",
  "uk": "/ˈmelədi/",
  "us": "/ˈmelədi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旋律；曲调",
    "en": "A sequence of musical sounds forming a recognisable tune."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She hummed a gentle melody while watering the plants.",
    "zh": "她一边给植物浇水，一边轻声哼着曲子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A memorable melody can help children recall information, making music a useful tool in early education.",
    "zh": "容易记住的旋律能帮助儿童回忆信息，因此音乐是幼儿教育中的实用工具。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gentle melody｜轻柔的旋律",
   "catchy melody｜朗朗上口的曲调",
   "compose a melody｜谱写旋律"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "melodic (adj.)",
   "melodious (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tune"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "melody指可哼唱的旋律；rhythm指节奏。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "melody"
 },
 {
  "w": "compose",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpəʊz/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpoʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "创作；撰写",
    "en": "To create music or carefully write a piece of writing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "组成；构成",
    "en": "To be the parts that together form a whole"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使镇定",
    "en": "To calm yourself and regain control of your emotions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She composed a short tune on her old piano.",
    "zh": "她用自己的旧钢琴创作了一段短曲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who compose their own music can develop creativity while gaining a deeper understanding of musical structure.",
    "zh": "自己作曲的学生既能培养创造力，也能加深对音乐结构的理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "compose music｜作曲",
   "compose a poem｜作诗",
   "be composed of｜由……组成",
   "compose yourself｜使自己镇定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "composer (n.)",
   "composition (n.)",
   "composed (adj.)",
   "composure (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be composed of表示“由……组成”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "compose"
 },
 {
  "w": "mortgage",
  "uk": "/ˈmɔːɡɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈmɔːrɡɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "住房抵押贷款",
    "en": "A property loan secured against the property itself."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "将房产抵押借款",
    "en": "To borrow money using property as security."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We finally paid off our mortgage last spring.",
    "zh": "去年春天，我们终于还清了房贷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising interest rates can increase mortgage payments, leaving households with less money for other essential expenses.",
    "zh": "利率上升可能增加房贷还款额，让家庭用于其他必要开支的钱变少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take out a mortgage｜申请住房抵押贷款",
   "pay off a mortgage｜还清房贷",
   "mortgage repayments｜房贷还款",
   "mortgage interest rates｜房贷利率"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mortgage中的t不发音；还清房贷用pay off。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mortgage"
 },
 {
  "w": "promising",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːmɪsɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有前途的；有希望的",
    "en": "Showing signs of likely future success or improvement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your first attempt looks promising; keep practising every day.",
    "zh": "你的初次尝试看起来很有希望；坚持每天练习吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Solar energy offers a promising solution for remote communities that lack access to reliable electricity.",
    "zh": "太阳能为缺乏可靠电力供应的偏远社区提供了一种前景可期的解决方案。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "promising results｜令人鼓舞的结果",
   "promising career｜前景光明的职业生涯",
   "promising young artist｜有前途的年轻艺术家",
   "look promising｜看起来有希望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "promise (n.)",
   "promise (v.)",
   "promisingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "encouraging"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unpromising"
  ],
  "tip": "表示有成功的潜力，不等于已经成功。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "promising"
 },
 {
  "w": "dent",
  "uk": "/dent/",
  "us": "/dent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "凹痕；凹坑",
    "en": "A hollow in a surface caused by pressure or impact"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使凹陷；凹陷",
    "en": "To make or develop a hollow in a surface"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "削弱；损害",
    "en": "To reduce someone's confidence or damage something's strength or reputation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My bike has a dent in its metal basket.",
    "zh": "我的自行车金属车篮上有一处凹痕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Repeated delays in public transport can dent passengers' confidence and encourage greater reliance on private cars.",
    "zh": "公共交通反复延误会削弱乘客的信心，使人们更加依赖私家车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a dent in｜……上的凹痕",
   "dent someone's confidence｜打击某人的信心",
   "make a dent in｜削减；取得初步进展"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dented (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "indentation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dent不是“牙齿”；make a dent in可指削减或取得进展。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dent"
 },
 {
  "w": "dialect",
  "uk": "/ˈdaɪəlekt/",
  "us": "/ˈdaɪəlekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方言",
    "en": "A language variety used in a particular region or community."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother speaks a dialect I sometimes struggle to understand.",
    "zh": "我奶奶说一种我有时听不太懂的方言。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can help preserve local dialects while teaching students the standard language needed for wider communication.",
    "zh": "学校可以在教授学生广泛交流所需的标准语的同时，帮助保护当地方言。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local dialect｜当地方言",
   "regional dialect｜地区方言",
   "speak a dialect｜说方言"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dialectal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dialect涉及词汇和语法，accent主要指口音。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dialect"
 },
 {
  "w": "surgeon",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːdʒən/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːdʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "外科医生",
    "en": "a doctor trained to perform operations"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The surgeon explained the operation before I went home.",
    "zh": "在我回家前，外科医生向我解释了手术过程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rural hospitals often struggle to recruit experienced surgeons, which can delay essential treatment for local residents.",
    "zh": "乡村医院往往难以招到经验丰富的外科医生，这可能导致当地居民无法及时获得必要治疗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "experienced surgeon｜经验丰富的外科医生",
   "heart surgeon｜心脏外科医生",
   "orthopaedic surgeon｜骨科医生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "surgery (n.)",
   "surgical (adj.)",
   "surgically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "surgeon指外科医生；surgery可指外科手术。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "surgeon"
 },
 {
  "w": "dynamic",
  "uk": "/daɪˈnæmɪk/",
  "us": "/daɪˈnæmɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有活力的；积极进取的",
    "en": "Full of energy and eager to make things happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "动态的；不断变化的",
    "en": "Continuously changing or developing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "互动模式；作用关系",
    "en": "A pattern of interaction between people or forces."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our dynamic coach keeps everyone moving throughout the session.",
    "zh": "我们精力充沛的教练让大家整节训练课都保持运动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A dynamic economy requires businesses to adapt quickly to technological advances and changing consumer preferences.",
    "zh": "充满活力的经济需要企业迅速适应技术进步和消费者偏好的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dynamic leader｜有活力的领导者",
   "dynamic economy｜充满活力的经济",
   "group dynamics｜群体互动模式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dynamically (adv.)",
   "dynamism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "energetic",
   "vigorous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "static"
  ],
  "tip": "形容人指有活力；形容系统指不断变化。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dynamic"
 },
 {
  "w": "follow-up",
  "uk": "/ˈfɒləʊ ʌp/",
  "us": "/ˈfɑːloʊ ʌp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "后续行动；跟进",
    "en": "An action continuing or checking earlier work or treatment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "后续的；跟进的",
    "en": "Done after something to continue it or check its results."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The clinic arranged a follow-up to check my recovery.",
    "zh": "诊所安排了一次复诊，以检查我的恢复情况。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A follow-up study is needed to determine whether the training programme produces lasting improvements in employment outcomes.",
    "zh": "需要开展后续研究，以确定该培训项目是否能持续改善就业结果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a follow-up appointment｜复诊预约",
   "a follow-up study｜后续研究",
   "a follow-up question｜追问",
   "a follow-up visit｜回访"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "follow (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词、形容词带连字符；动词短语follow up不带。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "follow-up"
 },
 {
  "w": "self-employment",
  "uk": "/ˌself ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/",
  "us": "/ˌself ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自雇；个体经营",
    "en": "working for yourself rather than for an employer"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Self-employment lets me choose when I take holidays.",
    "zh": "自雇让我可以自己决定什么时候休假。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although self-employment offers greater flexibility, it can also involve irregular income and limited access to employment benefits.",
    "zh": "虽然自雇更灵活，但也可能意味着收入不稳定，且难以享有雇员福利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go into self-employment｜开始自雇",
   "income from self-employment｜自雇收入",
   "self-employment opportunities｜自雇机会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "self-employed (adj.)",
   "employment (n.)",
   "employ (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；指为自己工作，不一定是创办公司。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "self-employment"
 },
 {
  "w": "alongside",
  "uk": "/əˌlɒŋˈsaɪd/",
  "us": "/əˌlɔːŋˈsaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……旁边；与……一起",
    "en": "Beside someone or something, or together with them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在旁边",
    "en": "In a position beside someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I cycled alongside my sister by the river.",
    "zh": "我沿着河边骑车，与姐姐并排而行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach practical skills alongside academic subjects to prepare students for adult life.",
    "zh": "学校应在教授学术课程的同时传授实用技能，帮助学生为成年生活做好准备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "work alongside｜与……共事",
   "alongside the river｜在河边",
   "alongside other measures｜与其他措施同时"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "beside"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作介词后接名词；也可表示两件事同时进行。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alongside"
 },
 {
  "w": "substance",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌbstəns/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌbstəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "物质",
    "en": "A particular type of material with specific physical properties."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实质；要旨",
    "en": "The central meaning or most important content of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实质内容；根据",
    "en": "Meaningful content or a solid basis for belief."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A sticky substance had leaked onto the kitchen floor.",
    "zh": "一种黏糊糊的物质漏到了厨房地板上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Factories must prevent harmful substances from entering rivers, as contaminated water threatens both wildlife and human health.",
    "zh": "工厂必须防止有害物质进入河流，因为受污染的水会威胁野生动物和人类健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "harmful substances｜有害物质",
   "chemical substance｜化学物质",
   "the substance of｜……的实质",
   "lack substance｜缺乏实质内容"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "material"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示物质种类时可数；表示实质或根据时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "substance"
 },
 {
  "w": "fortunate",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːtʃənət/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrtʃənət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "幸运的；侥幸的",
    "en": "Having good luck or experiencing a favourable outcome"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We were fortunate to find shelter before the storm.",
    "zh": "我们很幸运，在暴风雨来临前找到了避雨处。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students with reliable internet access are fortunate, as many rural communities still lack adequate digital infrastructure.",
    "zh": "能稳定上网的学生是幸运的，因为许多农村社区仍缺乏完善的数字基础设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fortunate enough to｜足够幸运能够",
   "fortunate to have｜有幸拥有",
   "a fortunate escape｜侥幸逃脱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fortune (n.)",
   "fortunately (adv.)",
   "unfortunate (adj.)",
   "unfortunately (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lucky"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfortunate",
   "unlucky"
  ],
  "tip": "常用 be fortunate to do，表示有幸做某事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fortunate"
 },
 {
  "w": "harmful",
  "uk": "/ˈhɑːmfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːrmfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有害的",
    "en": "causing or likely to cause damage or injury"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Too much direct sunlight can be harmful to your skin.",
    "zh": "过多的阳光直射会伤害你的皮肤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stricter controls on industrial waste could reduce the harmful effects of water pollution on local ecosystems.",
    "zh": "加强对工业废物的管控，可以减少水污染对当地生态系统的有害影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "harmful to health｜有害健康",
   "harmful effects｜有害影响",
   "harmful substances｜有害物质",
   "potentially harmful｜可能有害的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "harm (n.)",
   "harm (v.)",
   "harmless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "damaging",
   "detrimental"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "harmless",
   "beneficial"
  ],
  "tip": "表示对……有害用harmful to，不用harmful for。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "harmful"
 },
 {
  "w": "mineral",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪnərəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪnərəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "矿物；矿物质",
    "en": "a natural substance found in rocks, soil, food, or water"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "矿物的；矿产的",
    "en": "relating to minerals found in the earth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displayed a mineral with bright purple crystals.",
    "zh": "博物馆展出了一块带有亮紫色晶体的矿物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Countries with abundant mineral resources need effective regulations to limit the environmental damage caused by mining.",
    "zh": "矿产资源丰富的国家需要有效的法规，以限制采矿造成的环境破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mineral resources｜矿产资源",
   "mineral deposits｜矿床",
   "essential minerals｜必需矿物质",
   "mineral water｜矿泉水"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mineralise (v.)",
   "mineralisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "营养语境中minerals指矿物质，不等于维生素。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mineral"
 },
 {
  "w": "purely",
  "uk": "/ˈpjʊəli/",
  "us": "/ˈpjʊrli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "纯粹地；仅仅",
    "en": "Only for the stated reason or in the stated way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I bought this little camera purely for fun.",
    "zh": "我买这台小相机纯粹是为了好玩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "University education should not be judged purely by graduates' salaries, as it also brings wider social benefits.",
    "zh": "不应仅凭毕业生的薪资评价大学教育，因为它还带来更广泛的社会效益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "purely by chance｜纯属偶然",
   "purely for pleasure｜纯粹为了乐趣",
   "purely personal｜纯属个人的",
   "purely theoretical｜纯理论的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pure (adj.)",
   "purity (n.)",
   "purify (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "solely",
   "exclusively",
   "entirely"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常放在for、by或形容词前，强调不含其他因素。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "purely"
 },
 {
  "w": "significance",
  "uk": "/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/",
  "us": "/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重要性；意义",
    "en": "the importance of something, especially its effects"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "含义",
    "en": "the special meaning that something carries or suggests"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I finally understood the significance of her quiet smile.",
    "zh": "我终于明白了她那淡淡微笑中的含义。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The discovery has considerable significance for scientists seeking cleaner and more affordable sources of energy.",
    "zh": "这一发现对寻找更清洁、更经济能源的科学家具有重要意义。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "great significance｜重大意义",
   "historical significance｜历史意义",
   "the significance of｜……的重要性或含义",
   "attach significance to｜重视"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "significant (adj.)",
   "significantly (adv.)",
   "insignificant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "importance",
   "meaning"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "insignificance"
  ],
  "tip": "be of great significance相当于be very significant。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "significance"
 },
 {
  "w": "willingness",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪlɪŋnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪlɪŋnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乐意；意愿",
    "en": "The readiness to do something without needing to be forced."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her willingness to help made the move much easier.",
    "zh": "她乐意帮忙，让这次搬家轻松了许多。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students' willingness to ask questions often increases when teachers create a supportive classroom environment.",
    "zh": "教师营造支持性的课堂环境时，学生提问的意愿往往会增强。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "willingness to learn｜学习意愿",
   "show willingness｜表现出意愿",
   "a willingness to cooperate｜合作的意愿"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "willing (adj.)",
   "willingly (adv.)",
   "unwilling (adj.)",
   "unwillingness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "readiness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unwillingness",
   "reluctance"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词，常接to do表示做某事的意愿。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "willingness"
 },
 {
  "w": "technician",
  "uk": "/tekˈnɪʃən/",
  "us": "/tekˈnɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "技术员；技师",
    "en": "a trained worker who operates, maintains, or repairs technical equipment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The technician replaced a broken part in our washing machine.",
    "zh": "技师更换了我们洗衣机里一个损坏的零件。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Laboratory technicians play an essential role in medical research by preparing samples and maintaining specialist equipment.",
    "zh": "实验室技术员通过准备样本和维护专业设备，在医学研究中发挥重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "laboratory technician｜实验室技术员",
   "maintenance technician｜维修技术员",
   "qualified technician｜合格的技术员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "technical (adj.)",
   "technically (adv.)",
   "technique (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "technician 侧重设备操作维护，不等同于 engineer。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "technician"
 },
 {
  "w": "possess",
  "uk": "/pəˈzes/",
  "us": "/pəˈzes/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拥有；持有",
    "en": "to own or have something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "具有；具备",
    "en": "to have a particular quality, ability, or characteristic"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle possesses a remarkable collection of antique clocks.",
    "zh": "我叔叔拥有一批令人惊叹的古董钟藏品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Graduates who possess strong communication skills are often better prepared to adapt to changing workplace demands.",
    "zh": "具备较强沟通能力的毕业生通常更能适应不断变化的职场要求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "possess skills｜具备技能",
   "possess knowledge｜掌握知识",
   "possess property｜拥有财产"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "possession (n.)",
   "possessor (n.)",
   "possessive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "own",
   "have"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lack"
  ],
  "tip": "比have正式；通常不用进行时。注意拼写有四个s。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "possess"
 },
 {
  "w": "soy",
  "uk": "/sɔɪ/",
  "us": "/sɔɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大豆；大豆制品",
    "en": "beans grown for their protein, or food made from them"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酱油",
    "en": "a salty brown sauce made from fermented beans"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I usually pour soy milk over my breakfast cereal.",
    "zh": "我通常把豆奶倒在早餐麦片上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Soy provides plant protein, but expanding its cultivation can threaten forests when land is cleared irresponsibly.",
    "zh": "大豆提供植物蛋白，但若不负责任地开垦土地，扩大种植可能威胁森林。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "soy milk｜豆奶",
   "soy sauce｜酱油",
   "soy protein｜大豆蛋白",
   "soy products｜大豆制品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "soybean (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "soya"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语也常用soya；“酱油”通常说soy sauce。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "soy"
 },
 {
  "w": "decline",
  "uk": "/dɪˈklaɪn/",
  "us": "/dɪˈklaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "下降；衰退",
    "en": "To become smaller, weaker, or less successful."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "下降；衰退",
    "en": "A reduction in amount, strength, quality, or importance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "谢绝；婉拒",
    "en": "To politely refuse an offer, invitation, or request."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I thanked her for dinner but declined the invitation.",
    "zh": "我感谢她邀我吃饭，但婉拒了邀请。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As public transport improves, private car use may decline, reducing congestion and air pollution in urban areas.",
    "zh": "随着公共交通改善，私家车使用量可能下降，从而缓解城市拥堵和空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sharp decline｜急剧下降",
   "a decline in sales｜销售额下降",
   "decline an invitation｜谢绝邀请",
   "decline to comment｜拒绝评论"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "declining (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "decrease",
   "deteriorate",
   "refuse"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "increase",
   "accept"
  ],
  "tip": "下降用decline in；婉拒做某事用decline to do。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "decline"
 },
 {
  "w": "puncture",
  "uk": "/ˈpʌŋktʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈpʌŋktʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刺孔；轮胎扎破",
    "en": "A small hole made by a sharp object, especially in tyres."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刺穿；扎破",
    "en": "Make a small hole in something with a sharp object."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A puncture in my bicycle tyre made me late.",
    "zh": "我的自行车轮胎被扎破了，害得我迟到了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sharp debris on poorly maintained cycle lanes can puncture tyres and discourage residents from cycling to work.",
    "zh": "维护不善的自行车道上的尖锐碎屑可能扎破轮胎，使居民不愿骑车上班。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "repair a puncture｜修补轮胎刺孔",
   "get a puncture｜轮胎被扎破",
   "puncture a tyre｜扎破轮胎"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语说get a puncture；美式常说get a flat。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "puncture"
 },
 {
  "w": "unconscious",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈkɒnʃəs/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈkɑːnʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "失去知觉的；昏迷的",
    "en": "unable to see, hear, or respond because awareness is lost"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无意识的；未察觉的",
    "en": "done without awareness, or unaware of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The unconscious patient was breathing steadily beneath a blanket.",
    "zh": "失去知觉的病人盖着毯子，呼吸平稳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unconscious bias can influence recruitment decisions, even when employers aim to treat all applicants fairly.",
    "zh": "即使雇主力求公平对待所有求职者，无意识的偏见仍可能影响招聘决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fall unconscious｜失去知觉",
   "remain unconscious｜仍处于昏迷状态",
   "unconscious bias｜无意识偏见",
   "unconscious of｜未察觉到"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conscious (adj.)",
   "unconsciously (adv.)",
   "unconsciousness (n.)",
   "consciousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unaware",
   "insensible"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "conscious",
   "aware"
  ],
  "tip": "unconscious of表示未察觉；昏迷不是普通睡眠。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unconscious"
 },
 {
  "w": "inevitably",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈevɪtəbli/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈevɪtəbli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "不可避免地；必然地",
    "en": "in a way that cannot be prevented or avoided"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Without regular watering, these flowers will inevitably die.",
    "zh": "如果不定期浇水，这些花必然会枯死。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A growing population will inevitably increase demand for housing unless household sizes change significantly.",
    "zh": "除非家庭规模发生显著变化，否则人口增长必然会增加住房需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inevitably lead to｜必然导致",
   "inevitably involve｜不可避免地涉及",
   "almost inevitably｜几乎不可避免地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inevitable (adj.)",
   "inevitability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unavoidably"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "avoidably"
  ],
  "tip": "语气比probably强，表示结果无法避免。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inevitably"
 },
 {
  "w": "shovel",
  "uk": "/ˈʃʌvəl/",
  "us": "/ˈʃʌvəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铲；铁锹",
    "en": "A tool with a broad blade for moving loose material."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "铲起；铲除",
    "en": "To lift or move material using a shovel."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I used a shovel to clear the snowy path.",
    "zh": "我用铲子清除了小路上的积雪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community volunteers shovelled soil into raised beds to create a garden on unused urban land.",
    "zh": "社区志愿者把土铲进高架种植床，在闲置的城市土地上建起花园。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a snow shovel｜雪铲",
   "shovel snow｜铲雪",
   "shovel soil｜铲土"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式过去式为shovelled，美式为shoveled。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shovel"
 },
 {
  "w": "ignorant",
  "uk": "/ˈɪɡnərənt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪɡnərənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不了解的；不知道的",
    "en": "not knowing about a particular fact or subject"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无知的；缺乏教养的",
    "en": "lacking knowledge, education, or understanding"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was ignorant of the rules until someone explained them.",
    "zh": "直到有人解释，我才了解这些规则。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers who remain ignorant of online privacy risks may share sensitive information without considering the consequences.",
    "zh": "不了解网络隐私风险的消费者，可能会在未考虑后果的情况下分享敏感信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ignorant of the facts｜不了解事实",
   "remain ignorant｜仍然不知情",
   "an ignorant remark｜无知的言论"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ignorance (n.)",
   "ignorantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unaware",
   "uninformed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "knowledgeable",
   "informed"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be ignorant of；直接形容人可能带贬义。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ignorant"
 },
 {
  "w": "acquaintance",
  "uk": "/əˈkweɪntəns/",
  "us": "/əˈkweɪntəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "熟人",
    "en": "Someone you know, but who is not a close friend."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "了解；熟悉",
    "en": "Some knowledge of a person or subject."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An acquaintance from my yoga class waved at me.",
    "zh": "瑜伽课上认识的一位熟人向我挥了挥手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even a basic acquaintance with local customs can help international students adapt more easily to life abroad.",
    "zh": "即使只是对当地习俗略有了解，也能帮助国际学生更轻松地适应海外生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a casual acquaintance｜泛泛之交",
   "make someone's acquaintance｜结识某人",
   "acquaintance with｜对…的了解"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "acquaint (v.)",
   "acquainted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指熟人时可数；表示了解时常接with。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "acquaintance"
 },
 {
  "w": "apparent",
  "uk": "/əˈpærənt/",
  "us": "/əˈpærənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "明显的；显而易见的",
    "en": "Easy to see or understand."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "表面上的；看似的",
    "en": "Seeming to be true, though possibly not actually true."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her excitement was apparent from her huge smile.",
    "zh": "从她灿烂的笑容中可以明显看出她很兴奋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Despite the apparent benefits of remote learning, some students struggle without direct support from teachers.",
    "zh": "尽管远程学习看似有诸多好处，一些学生在缺乏教师直接帮助时仍感到吃力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "become apparent｜变得明显",
   "for no apparent reason｜无明显原因",
   "apparent contradiction｜表面上的矛盾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "apparently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "obvious",
   "evident"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hidden"
  ],
  "tip": "可指“明显的”，也可指“看似的”，须看语境。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "apparent"
 },
 {
  "w": "frustration",
  "uk": "/frʌˈstreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/frʌˈstreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "受挫感；懊恼",
    "en": "Annoyance caused by being unable to achieve what you want."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sighed in frustration when the printer jammed again.",
    "zh": "打印机又卡纸了，她懊恼地叹了口气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Repeated delays in public transport can increase commuters' frustration and reduce their confidence in local services.",
    "zh": "公共交通反复延误会加剧通勤者的挫败感，降低他们对当地服务的信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in frustration｜懊恼地",
   "a sense of frustration｜挫败感",
   "express frustration｜表达不满",
   "growing frustration｜日益加深的挫败感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "frustrate (v.)",
   "frustrated (adj.)",
   "frustrating (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "annoyance",
   "exasperation"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "satisfaction"
  ],
  "tip": "人感到frustrated；令人受挫的事物是frustrating。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "frustration"
 },
 {
  "w": "proverb",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒvɜːb/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːvɝːb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谚语；俗谚",
    "en": "a familiar short saying expressing advice or a general truth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother often quotes a proverb about being patient.",
    "zh": "我祖母经常引用一句劝人耐心的谚语。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A traditional proverb can reveal the values that a community passes down through successive generations.",
    "zh": "传统谚语可以揭示一个群体代代相传的价值观。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "traditional proverb｜传统谚语",
   "quote a proverb｜引用谚语",
   "as the proverb goes｜常言道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "proverbial (adj.)",
   "proverbially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "saying",
   "adage"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "proverb是流传的完整俗谚；idiom多为固定习语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "proverb"
 },
 {
  "w": "transition",
  "uk": "/trænˈzɪʃən/",
  "us": "/trænˈzɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "转变；过渡时期",
    "en": "A change from one state, stage, or situation to another."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "转变；过渡",
    "en": "To change from one state or situation to another."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A familiar toy eased her transition to nursery.",
    "zh": "一个熟悉的玩具帮助她适应了托儿所生活。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy requires sustained investment and careful government planning.",
    "zh": "从化石燃料向可再生能源的转型需要持续投资和政府的周密规划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a smooth transition｜平稳过渡",
   "transition from A to B｜从甲到乙的转变",
   "a transition period｜过渡期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transitional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "change",
   "shift"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用transition from A to B表示两种状态间转变。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transition"
 },
 {
  "w": "yacht",
  "uk": "/jɒt/",
  "us": "/jɑːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "游艇；帆船",
    "en": "A boat used for pleasure trips or racing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a white yacht sail across the bay.",
    "zh": "我们看着一艘白色帆船驶过海湾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The growing popularity of yacht tourism can generate income for coastal communities but may damage marine habitats.",
    "zh": "游艇旅游日益流行，能为沿海社区创造收入，但也可能破坏海洋栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sailing yacht｜帆船",
   "luxury yacht｜豪华游艇",
   "yacht racing｜帆船竞赛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "yachting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ch不发音；通常指休闲或竞赛用船。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "yacht"
 },
 {
  "w": "lantern",
  "uk": "/ˈlæntən/",
  "us": "/ˈlæntərn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灯笼；提灯",
    "en": "a light inside a protective container, often with a handle"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He carried a lantern along the dark garden path.",
    "zh": "他提着一盏灯，沿着漆黑的花园小径走去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Solar lanterns provide affordable lighting in remote communities where reliable access to electricity remains limited.",
    "zh": "在仍难以稳定用电的偏远社区，太阳能灯提供了价格实惠的照明。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "paper lantern｜纸灯笼",
   "solar lantern｜太阳能灯",
   "light a lantern｜点亮灯笼"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指有外罩的灯，常可提携；不等同于手电筒。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lantern"
 },
 {
  "w": "apparently",
  "uk": "/əˈpærəntli/",
  "us": "/əˈpærəntli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "据说；看来；似乎",
    "en": "According to available information, though not necessarily certain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Apparently, the bakery closes early on rainy days.",
    "zh": "听说那家面包店下雨天会提早关门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Apparently, many residents support the proposed park, although a formal survey has not yet been conducted.",
    "zh": "看来许多居民支持拟建公园的计划，但正式调查尚未开展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apparently harmless｜看似无害的",
   "apparently unaware｜似乎不知情的",
   "apparently simple｜表面上简单的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "apparent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "seemingly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示据现有信息推测，不保证事实确实如此。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "apparently"
 },
 {
  "w": "pimple",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪmpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪmpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "粉刺；丘疹",
    "en": "A small raised spot on the skin, often red."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small pimple appeared on my chin overnight.",
    "zh": "一夜之间，我的下巴上冒出了一颗小痘痘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teenagers who develop pimples may benefit from gentle skincare rather than frequent washing with harsh soap.",
    "zh": "长痘痘的青少年采用温和的护肤方式，可能比频繁使用刺激性肥皂洗脸更有益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get a pimple｜长痘痘",
   "squeeze a pimple｜挤痘痘",
   "a pimple on your chin｜下巴上的痘痘"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pimply (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "spot"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pimple指单颗痘痘；acne指痤疮这种皮肤问题。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pimple"
 },
 {
  "w": "starve",
  "uk": "/stɑːv/",
  "us": "/stɑːrv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挨饿；饿死；使挨饿",
    "en": "To suffer or die from insufficient food"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使严重缺乏",
    "en": "To deny someone or something an essential resource"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Without regular feeding, these rescued animals could starve.",
    "zh": "如果不定期喂食，这些获救的动物可能会饿死。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When drought destroys crops, rural families may starve unless emergency food supplies reach them quickly.",
    "zh": "当干旱毁坏庄稼时，如果紧急食品不能及时送达，农村家庭可能会挨饿。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "starve to death｜饿死",
   "be starving｜饿极了",
   "be starved of resources｜严重缺乏资源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "starvation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "日常说I'm starving表示饿极了，并非濒临饿死。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "starve"
 },
 {
  "w": "envy",
  "uk": "/ˈenvi/",
  "us": "/ˈenvi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "羡慕；嫉妒",
    "en": "a feeling of wanting something that someone else has"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "羡慕；嫉妒",
    "en": "to wish you had another person's possessions, qualities, or advantages"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "令人羡慕的人或事物",
    "en": "a person or thing that others wish to equal or possess"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I envy your ability to sleep on noisy trains.",
    "zh": "我真羡慕你能在嘈杂的火车上睡着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Social media can encourage envy by exposing users to carefully selected images of other people's achievements and lifestyles.",
    "zh": "社交媒体让用户接触他人精心挑选的成就和生活方式图片，可能引发羡慕或嫉妒。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "envy someone something｜羡慕某人拥有某物",
   "with envy｜羡慕地",
   "the envy of｜令……羡慕的人或事物",
   "green with envy｜十分嫉妒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "envious (adj.)",
   "enviously (adv.)",
   "enviable (adj.)",
   "enviably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "jealousy"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词直接接宾语：envy someone，不加of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "envy"
 },
 {
  "w": "assumption",
  "uk": "/əˈsʌmpʃən/",
  "us": "/əˈsʌmpʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "假定；未经证实的看法",
    "en": "Something accepted as true without definite proof."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "承担；就任",
    "en": "The act of taking on responsibility, power, or a role."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My assumption that the shop opened early was wrong.",
    "zh": "我以为这家店很早开门，结果想错了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The assumption that all young people possess advanced digital skills may lead to inadequate support in schools.",
    "zh": "认为所有年轻人都具备高级数字技能的假设，可能导致学校提供的支持不足。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make an assumption｜作出假设",
   "underlying assumption｜隐含假设",
   "challenge an assumption｜质疑假设",
   "assumption of responsibility｜承担责任"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assume (v.)",
   "assumed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "supposition",
   "presumption"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用assumption that从句，表示未经证实的看法。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assumption"
 },
 {
  "w": "crisis",
  "uk": "/ˈkraɪsɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈkraɪsɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "危机；紧要关头",
    "en": "a serious situation requiring urgent decisions or action"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The broken water pipe caused a crisis at home.",
    "zh": "水管破裂让家里陷入了困境。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The housing crisis has forced many young adults to delay moving into their own homes.",
    "zh": "住房危机迫使许多年轻人推迟搬进自己的住所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "face a crisis｜面临危机",
   "housing crisis｜住房危机",
   "crisis management｜危机管理",
   "in times of crisis｜在危机时期"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "emergency"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为crises /ˈkraɪsiːz/，注意词尾发音。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crisis"
 },
 {
  "w": "logo",
  "uk": "/ˈləʊɡəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈloʊɡoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "标识；徽标",
    "en": "a design or symbol that represents an organisation or product"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery uses a wheat stalk as its logo.",
    "zh": "这家面包店用一支麦穗作为徽标。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A distinctive logo helps consumers recognise a company, but product quality is essential for building lasting trust.",
    "zh": "独特的徽标帮助消费者识别企业，但产品质量才是建立持久信任的关键。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "company logo｜公司徽标",
   "design a logo｜设计徽标",
   "distinctive logo｜独特的徽标"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "emblem"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "logo指视觉标识；slogan指宣传口号。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "logo"
 },
 {
  "w": "bloom",
  "uk": "/bluːm/",
  "us": "/bluːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开花",
    "en": "To produce flowers."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "花朵；开花",
    "en": "A flower, or the state of producing flowers."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "蓬勃发展；焕发光彩",
    "en": "To develop successfully or become more confident and attractive."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The roses bloom beside our kitchen window every summer.",
    "zh": "每年夏天，玫瑰都在我们的厨房窗边盛开。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban gardens that bloom throughout spring and summer provide valuable food sources for bees and other pollinators.",
    "zh": "春夏持续开花的城市花园为蜜蜂及其他传粉动物提供了宝贵的食物来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in full bloom｜盛开",
   "come into bloom｜开始开花",
   "spring blooms｜春日花朵"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blooming (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "blossom",
   "flower"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "wither"
  ],
  "tip": "bloom可作动词；表示正在开花用in bloom。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bloom"
 },
 {
  "w": "aisle",
  "uk": "/aɪl/",
  "us": "/aɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "座位间过道；货架间通道",
    "en": "a passage between rows of seats or shelves"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please keep your bag out of the aisle.",
    "zh": "请不要把包放在过道上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wider supermarket aisles can improve accessibility for wheelchair users and make shopping more comfortable for everyone.",
    "zh": "更宽的超市通道能方便轮椅使用者通行，也能让所有人购物时更加舒适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "aisle seat｜靠过道的座位",
   "supermarket aisle｜超市货架间通道",
   "walk down the aisle｜沿过道走；结婚"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "passage",
   "walkway"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "s不发音，与isle同音；aisle seat是靠过道座位。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aisle"
 },
 {
  "w": "ancestor",
  "uk": "/ˈænsestə/",
  "us": "/ˈænsestər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "祖先；祖宗",
    "en": "a family member who lived several generations before you"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "祖先物种；原型",
    "en": "an earlier species or form from which something developed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One of my ancestors built this old stone house.",
    "zh": "我的一位祖先建造了这座古老的石屋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying how our ancestors adapted to environmental change can offer insights into human resilience.",
    "zh": "研究祖先如何适应环境变化，可以帮助我们理解人类的适应能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "common ancestor｜共同祖先",
   "distant ancestor｜远祖",
   "human ancestors｜人类祖先"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ancestry (n.)",
   "ancestral (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "forebear",
   "forefather"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "descendant"
  ],
  "tip": "ancestor指祖先；descendant指后代。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ancestor"
 },
 {
  "w": "possessive",
  "uk": "/pəˈzesɪv/",
  "us": "/pəˈzesɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "占有欲强的",
    "en": "Wanting exclusive control over someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "所有格的；表示所属的",
    "en": "Showing who owns something or how things are related."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My little brother is possessive about his toy trains.",
    "zh": "我弟弟对他的玩具火车占有欲很强。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Possessive behaviour in friendships can limit personal freedom and make it difficult to maintain healthy relationships.",
    "zh": "友谊中的占有行为会限制个人自由，使健康关系难以维持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "possessive about｜对……占有欲强",
   "possessive behaviour｜占有欲强的行为",
   "possessive pronoun｜物主代词",
   "possessive form｜所有格形式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "possess (v.)",
   "possession (n.)",
   "possessiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "对物占有欲强常用about；语法中指所属关系。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "possessive"
 },
 {
  "w": "motivated",
  "uk": "/ˈməʊtɪveɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈmoʊtɪveɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "积极的；有动力的",
    "en": "Eager and willing to work towards a goal."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "出于某种动机的",
    "en": "Driven by a particular reason or purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I feel more motivated after exercising in the morning.",
    "zh": "早晨运动之后，我感觉更有干劲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students are more likely to remain motivated when teachers provide constructive feedback and achievable goals.",
    "zh": "当教师提供建设性反馈和可实现的目标时，学生更有可能保持学习动力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "highly motivated｜积极性很高的",
   "stay motivated｜保持动力",
   "motivated by profit｜受利润驱动的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "motivate (v.)",
   "motivation (n.)",
   "motivational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "driven"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unmotivated"
  ],
  "tip": "motivated to do表示有动力做；by引出动机。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "motivated"
 },
 {
  "w": "odour",
  "uk": "/ˈəʊdə/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "气味；异味",
    "en": "A noticeable smell, especially an unpleasant one."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A strange odour came from the kitchen bin.",
    "zh": "厨房垃圾桶里飘出一股怪味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents may oppose new waste facilities if they expect unpleasant odours to affect their quality of life.",
    "zh": "如果居民预计难闻的气味会影响生活质量，他们可能会反对新建垃圾处理设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an unpleasant odour｜难闻的气味",
   "a strong odour｜强烈的气味",
   "body odour｜体味",
   "odour control｜异味控制"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "odourless (adj.)",
   "odorous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "smell"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写odour，美式odor；常指难闻气味。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "odour"
 },
 {
  "w": "soften",
  "uk": "/ˈsɒfən/",
  "us": "/ˈsɔːfən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使变软；变软",
    "en": "To become softer or make something softer"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缓和；减轻",
    "en": "To make something less harsh, severe, or forceful"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leave the butter outside the fridge to soften.",
    "zh": "把黄油放在冰箱外，让它变软。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Additional financial support could soften the impact of rising energy prices on poorer households.",
    "zh": "额外的经济援助可以减轻能源价格上涨对较贫困家庭的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "soften butter｜使黄油变软",
   "soften the impact｜减轻影响",
   "soften your tone｜缓和语气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "soft (adj.)",
   "softness (n.)",
   "softener (n.)",
   "softly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "harden"
  ],
  "tip": "既可及物也可不及物：热使黄油变软，黄油也会自行变软。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "soften"
 },
 {
  "w": "breakthrough",
  "uk": "/ˈbreɪkθruː/",
  "us": "/ˈbreɪkθruː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重大突破；重大进展",
    "en": "An important discovery or advance that overcomes a difficult problem."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After weeks of practice, I finally made a breakthrough.",
    "zh": "练习了几周后，我终于取得了突破。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A breakthrough in battery technology could make renewable energy more reliable and affordable for households.",
    "zh": "电池技术的突破可能使可再生能源对家庭而言更加可靠、更加经济。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a breakthrough｜取得突破",
   "scientific breakthrough｜科学突破",
   "breakthrough in treatment｜治疗方面的突破"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "break through (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "advance"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "setback"
  ],
  "tip": "名词写成一个词；动词短语break through分开写。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "breakthrough"
 },
 {
  "w": "convention",
  "uk": "/kənˈvenʃən/",
  "us": "/kənˈvenʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "惯例；习俗",
    "en": "An accepted way of behaving or doing something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大会；代表大会",
    "en": "A large meeting of people with shared interests or work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "国际公约；协定",
    "en": "A formal agreement between countries about a particular issue."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "By convention, guests wait until everyone is seated before eating.",
    "zh": "按照惯例，客人等所有人落座后才开始用餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An international convention can strengthen environmental protection by establishing shared responsibilities for participating countries.",
    "zh": "国际公约可以通过确立参与国的共同责任来加强环境保护。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "social convention｜社会习俗",
   "annual convention｜年度大会",
   "international convention｜国际公约",
   "by convention｜按照惯例"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conventional (adj.)",
   "conventionally (adv.)",
   "unconventional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "惯例与大会通常可数；by convention意为按惯例。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "convention"
 },
 {
  "w": "approval",
  "uk": "/əˈpruːvəl/",
  "us": "/əˈpruːvəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "批准；许可",
    "en": "official permission for something to happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赞同；认可",
    "en": "a positive opinion of someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We need the landlord's approval before painting the kitchen.",
    "zh": "粉刷厨房前，我们需要得到房东的许可。"
   },
   {
    "en": "New housing projects should receive approval only when developers demonstrate that adequate transport and public services will be provided.",
    "zh": "开发商只有证明能提供充足的交通和公共服务，新住宅项目才应获批。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "obtain approval｜获得批准",
   "seek approval｜寻求批准",
   "give approval｜给予许可",
   "meet with approval｜得到认可"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "approve (v.)",
   "disapprove (v.)",
   "disapproval (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "disapproval"
  ],
  "tip": "approval of常指赞同；approval for常指项目许可。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "approval"
 },
 {
  "w": "memorable",
  "uk": "/ˈmemərəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈmemərəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "难忘的；值得记住的",
    "en": "Special or unusual enough to be remembered for a long time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That snowy train journey was a truly memorable experience.",
    "zh": "那次雪中火车之旅真是一次难忘的经历。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Practical experiments often make science lessons more memorable by connecting abstract ideas with direct experience.",
    "zh": "实际操作的实验将抽象概念与亲身体验联系起来，往往使科学课更令人难忘。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "memorable experience｜难忘的经历",
   "memorable occasion｜难忘的时刻",
   "memorable performance｜令人难忘的表演"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "memorably (adv.)",
   "memory (n.)",
   "memorise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unforgettable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "forgettable"
  ],
  "tip": "memorable形容事物难忘，不表示某人记忆力好。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "memorable"
 },
 {
  "w": "lighten",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪtən/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "减轻重量或负担",
    "en": "to make something less heavy or less demanding"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变亮；使变浅",
    "en": "to become or make something brighter or paler"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使轻松；使愉快",
    "en": "to make a mood or atmosphere more cheerful"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I removed two books to lighten my backpack.",
    "zh": "我拿出了两本书，让背包轻一些。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers can lighten staff workloads by simplifying administrative procedures and providing better tools for routine tasks.",
    "zh": "雇主可以通过简化行政流程、为日常任务提供更好的工具来减轻员工的工作负担。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lighten the load｜减轻负担",
   "lighten the mood｜活跃气氛",
   "lighten a colour｜使颜色变浅"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "light (adj.)",
   "lightness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lighten可指减负或变亮；lighten up常指放轻松。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lighten"
 },
 {
  "w": "mislead",
  "uk": "/ˌmɪsˈliːd/",
  "us": "/ˌmɪsˈliːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "误导；使产生错误认识",
    "en": "to cause someone to believe something incorrect"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The photograph misled me about the apartment's actual size.",
    "zh": "那张照片让我误判了公寓的实际大小。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advertisements can mislead consumers into believing that expensive products always offer better quality than cheaper alternatives.",
    "zh": "广告可能误导消费者，使他们相信昂贵产品的质量总比便宜的替代品更好。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mislead consumers｜误导消费者",
   "mislead someone into believing｜误导某人相信",
   "deliberately mislead｜故意误导"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "misleading (adj.)",
   "misleadingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deceive"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为misled；常接into doing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mislead"
 },
 {
  "w": "alarming",
  "uk": "/əˈlɑːmɪŋ/",
  "us": "/əˈlɑːrmɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人担忧的；惊人的",
    "en": "Causing worry or fear that something bad may happen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The engine made an alarming noise as we climbed.",
    "zh": "我们上坡时，发动机发出了令人不安的声音。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The alarming decline in insect populations could threaten food production and disrupt entire ecosystems.",
    "zh": "昆虫数量令人担忧的下降可能威胁粮食生产，并扰乱整个生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an alarming rate｜惊人的速度",
   "an alarming increase｜令人担忧的增长",
   "an alarming trend｜令人担忧的趋势"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "alarm (n.)",
   "alarm (v.)",
   "alarmed (adj.)",
   "alarmingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "worrying",
   "disturbing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reassuring"
  ],
  "tip": "alarming形容事物令人担忧；alarmed形容人感到惊恐。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alarming"
 },
 {
  "w": "external",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈstɜːnəl/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈstɝːnəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "外部的；外面的",
    "en": "Located on the outside of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "来自外部的",
    "en": "Coming from outside a particular organisation, system, or situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The builders painted the external walls pale yellow.",
    "zh": "建筑工人把外墙刷成了淡黄色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities often rely on external funding to conduct research that cannot be supported by tuition fees alone.",
    "zh": "大学经常依赖外部资金，开展仅靠学费无法支持的研究。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "external walls｜外墙",
   "external factors｜外部因素",
   "external funding｜外部资金",
   "for external use only｜仅供外用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "externally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "outer",
   "outside"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "internal"
  ],
  "tip": "external与internal相对；药品上指外用的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "external"
 },
 {
  "w": "praise",
  "uk": "/preɪz/",
  "us": "/preɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表扬；赞扬",
    "en": "To express approval or admiration for someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "表扬；赞美",
    "en": "Words expressing approval or admiration."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our coach praised us for helping the new players.",
    "zh": "教练表扬了我们帮助新队员的举动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers who praise effort rather than natural ability may encourage students to persist when facing academic challenges.",
    "zh": "表扬努力而非天赋的教师，可能更能鼓励学生在学业遇到挑战时坚持下去。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "praise someone for something｜因某事表扬某人",
   "win praise｜赢得赞誉",
   "high praise｜高度赞扬",
   "lavish praise on｜大加赞扬"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "praiseworthy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "commend",
   "applaud"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "criticise",
   "criticism"
  ],
  "tip": "praise sb for sth；名词通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "praise"
 },
 {
  "w": "surgery",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːdʒəri/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːdʒəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "外科手术；外科学",
    "en": "Medical treatment involving cutting into the body to repair damage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诊所；诊疗室",
    "en": "A place where a doctor or dentist sees patients."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle is recovering well after knee surgery.",
    "zh": "我叔叔做完膝关节手术后恢复得很好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in medical technology have made many types of surgery safer and reduced patients' recovery times.",
    "zh": "医疗技术的进步提高了多种手术的安全性，并缩短了患者的康复时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "undergo surgery｜接受手术",
   "emergency surgery｜急诊手术",
   "minor surgery｜小手术",
   "a doctor's surgery｜医生诊所"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "surgeon (n.)",
   "surgical (adj.)",
   "surgically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "手术义通常不可数；英式英语中诊所义可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "surgery"
 },
 {
  "w": "southward",
  "uk": "/ˈsaʊθwəd/",
  "us": "/ˈsaʊθwərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向南；朝南",
    "en": "towards the south"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "向南的；朝南的",
    "en": "moving or pointing towards the south"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We drove southward until we reached the coast.",
    "zh": "我们一直向南开车，直到抵达海岸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The southward movement of some marine species may reflect changes in ocean temperatures and food availability.",
    "zh": "一些海洋物种向南迁移，可能反映了海水温度和食物供应的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "move southward｜向南移动",
   "southward migration｜向南迁徙",
   "southward journey｜向南的旅程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "south (n.)",
   "southern (adj.)",
   "southwards (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "southwards"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "northward"
  ],
  "tip": "southward兼作形容词和副词；southwards仅作副词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "southward"
 },
 {
  "w": "arch",
  "uk": "/ɑːtʃ/",
  "us": "/ɑːrtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拱；拱门；拱形结构",
    "en": "A curved structure spanning an opening or supporting weight"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拱起；使成弓形",
    "en": "To bend into a curved shape"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sheltered from the rain beneath a stone arch.",
    "zh": "我们在一座石拱门下避雨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional bridges often use a central arch to distribute weight and allow boats to pass beneath.",
    "zh": "传统桥梁常用中央拱形结构来分散重量，并让船只从下方通过。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stone arch｜石拱",
   "arch bridge｜拱桥",
   "arch your back｜弓起背部"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "arched (adj.)",
   "archway (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词表示弯成拱形，如arch your back。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arch"
 },
 {
  "w": "implication",
  "uk": "/ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可能的影响；后果",
    "en": "a possible effect or consequence of an action or decision"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "言外之意；暗示",
    "en": "an idea suggested without being stated directly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牵连；涉及",
    "en": "involvement in something wrong or illegal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We discussed the financial implications of buying a puppy.",
    "zh": "我们讨论了买小狗可能带来的经济负担。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policymakers must consider the long-term implications of automation for employment, education, and social equality.",
    "zh": "政策制定者必须考虑自动化对就业、教育和社会平等的长期影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "implications for employment｜对就业的潜在影响",
   "far-reaching implications｜深远的影响",
   "by implication｜以暗示的方式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "imply (v.)",
   "implicate (v.)",
   "implicit (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示潜在影响常用复数 implications，后接 for。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "implication"
 },
 {
  "w": "triple",
  "uk": "/ˈtrɪpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtrɪpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "三倍的；三部分的",
    "en": "Three times as much, or consisting of three parts."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "增至三倍；使成三倍",
    "en": "To become three times as much, or make something so."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hotel charges triple the price during holidays.",
    "zh": "这家酒店在假日期间收取平时三倍的价格。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Demand for renewable energy could triple as governments introduce stricter limits on carbon emissions.",
    "zh": "随着各国政府对碳排放实施更严格的限制，可再生能源需求可能增至三倍。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "triple the cost｜三倍的费用",
   "triple room｜三人间",
   "triple in size｜规模增至三倍",
   "triple glazing｜三层玻璃"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "threefold"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "triple表示变为原来的三倍，即增加两倍。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "triple"
 },
 {
  "w": "genetic",
  "uk": "/dʒəˈnetɪk/",
  "us": "/dʒəˈnetɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "基因的；遗传的",
    "en": "relating to genes or characteristics passed from parents to offspring"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor explained how genetic factors affect eye colour.",
    "zh": "医生解释了遗传因素如何影响眼睛的颜色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Genetic research may help doctors identify health risks before patients develop any noticeable symptoms.",
    "zh": "基因研究可能帮助医生在患者出现明显症状之前识别健康风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "genetic factors｜遗传因素",
   "genetic variation｜遗传变异",
   "genetic engineering｜基因工程",
   "genetic disorder｜遗传性疾病"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gene (n.)",
   "genetics (n.)",
   "genetically (adv.)",
   "geneticist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "genetic指基因或遗传的；genetics是遗传学。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "genetic"
 },
 {
  "w": "ostrich",
  "uk": "/ˈɒstrɪtʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːstrɪtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鸵鸟",
    "en": "a very large flightless bird with long legs and neck"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The ostrich ran quickly across the dusty grassland.",
    "zh": "那只鸵鸟飞快地跑过尘土飞扬的草原。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although the ostrich cannot fly, its powerful legs allow it to escape many predators in open habitats.",
    "zh": "虽然鸵鸟不会飞，但它强壮的双腿使它能在开阔的栖息地逃脱许多捕食者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ostrich egg｜鸵鸟蛋",
   "ostrich feather｜鸵鸟羽毛",
   "ostrich farm｜鸵鸟养殖场"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为ostriches；“埋头沙中逃避”并非真实习性。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ostrich"
 },
 {
  "w": "nutrition",
  "uk": "/njuˈtrɪʃən/",
  "us": "/nuˈtrɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "营养；营养摄取",
    "en": "the process of obtaining and using food for health"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "营养学",
    "en": "the study of how food affects health and growth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Good nutrition helps children grow and stay active.",
    "zh": "良好的营养有助于儿童成长并保持活力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach nutrition so that young people can make informed choices about their daily diets.",
    "zh": "学校应教授营养知识，让年轻人能够在了解相关信息的基础上选择日常饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "good nutrition｜良好的营养",
   "adequate nutrition｜充足的营养",
   "nutrition education｜营养教育"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nutritional (adj.)",
   "nutritious (adj.)",
   "nutritionist (n.)",
   "nutrient (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "nourishment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nutrition不可数；nutrient指具体的营养物质。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nutrition"
 },
 {
  "w": "creation",
  "uk": "/kriˈeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/kriˈeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "创造；创作；建立",
    "en": "the process of bringing something new into existence"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "创作物；作品",
    "en": "something new that someone has made or designed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The creation of our garden took several busy weekends.",
    "zh": "我们忙了好几个周末才建好花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in renewable energy can support job creation while helping countries reduce their dependence on fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "投资可再生能源可以促进就业，同时帮助各国减少对化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "job creation｜创造就业机会",
   "the creation of wealth｜财富的创造",
   "an original creation｜原创作品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "create (v.)",
   "creator (n.)",
   "creative (adj.)",
   "creativity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "destruction"
  ],
  "tip": "指创造过程通常不可数；指具体作品时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "creation"
 },
 {
  "w": "decay",
  "uk": "/dɪˈkeɪ/",
  "us": "/dɪˈkeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "腐烂；腐朽",
    "en": "to gradually break down through natural processes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "腐烂；腐朽",
    "en": "the natural process of rotting or breaking down"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "衰败；衰退",
    "en": "a gradual loss of strength, quality, or importance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fallen leaves decay slowly beneath the trees each winter.",
    "zh": "每到冬天，落叶都会在树下慢慢腐烂。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban decay often accelerates when public infrastructure is neglected and businesses move away from residential neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "当公共基础设施缺乏维护、企业迁离居民区时，城市衰败往往会加速。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tooth decay｜蛀牙；龋齿",
   "urban decay｜城市衰败",
   "decaying vegetation｜腐烂的植物",
   "prevent decay｜防止腐烂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "decayed (adj.)",
   "decaying (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rot",
   "deterioration"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词通常不可数；tooth decay指龋齿，不是掉牙。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "decay"
 },
 {
  "w": "maintenance",
  "uk": "/ˈmeɪntənəns/",
  "us": "/ˈmeɪntənəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "维护；保养；维修",
    "en": "work needed to keep something in good condition"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "维持；保持",
    "en": "the act of keeping a condition or situation unchanged"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抚养费；赡养费",
    "en": "money paid regularly to support a child or former spouse"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Regular maintenance keeps my old bicycle safe to ride.",
    "zh": "定期保养让我的旧自行车骑起来依然安全。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should budget for the long-term maintenance of public infrastructure rather than focusing solely on new construction.",
    "zh": "政府应为公共基础设施的长期维护安排预算，而不应只关注新建工程。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "routine maintenance｜日常维护",
   "maintenance costs｜维护费用",
   "the maintenance of standards｜标准的维持",
   "child maintenance｜子女抚养费"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "maintain (v.)",
   "maintainable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "upkeep"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "neglect"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；拼写不是maintainance。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "maintenance"
 },
 {
  "w": "mammal",
  "uk": "/ˈmæməl/",
  "us": "/ˈmæməl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "哺乳动物",
    "en": "A warm-blooded animal whose females produce milk for their young."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A dolphin is a mammal, even though it lives underwater.",
    "zh": "海豚虽然生活在水下，却是哺乳动物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting marine mammals requires international cooperation because these animals often migrate across the waters of several countries.",
    "zh": "保护海洋哺乳动物需要国际合作，因为这些动物经常跨越多个国家的水域迁徙。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "marine mammal｜海洋哺乳动物",
   "small mammal｜小型哺乳动物",
   "mammal species｜哺乳动物物种"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mammalian (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "鲸和海豚也是哺乳动物；不能按栖息地判断。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mammal"
 },
 {
  "w": "spiritual",
  "uk": "/ˈspɪrɪtʃuəl/",
  "us": "/ˈspɪrɪtʃuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "精神的；心灵的",
    "en": "Connected with inner feelings and meaning rather than material things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "宗教的",
    "en": "Related to religious beliefs or experiences."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Walking quietly in the forest gives me spiritual comfort.",
    "zh": "在森林里静静散步能给我心灵上的慰藉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public spaces can support spiritual well-being by offering residents peaceful places for reflection and connection with nature.",
    "zh": "公共空间可以为居民提供安静思考和亲近自然的场所，从而促进精神健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spiritual well-being｜精神健康",
   "spiritual beliefs｜宗教信仰",
   "spiritual growth｜心灵成长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spirit (n.)",
   "spiritually (adv.)",
   "spirituality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "material"
  ],
  "tip": "可指心灵层面，不一定涉及宗教。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spiritual"
 },
 {
  "w": "quarterly",
  "uk": "/ˈkwɔːtəli/",
  "us": "/ˈkwɔːrtərli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "每季度的",
    "en": "Happening or produced every three months."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "每季度一次地",
    "en": "Once every three months."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "季刊",
    "en": "A magazine published every three months."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our club holds quarterly meetings at the local library.",
    "zh": "我们俱乐部每季度在当地的图书馆开一次会。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Quarterly reports allow investors to monitor company performance and identify emerging financial risks throughout the year.",
    "zh": "季度报告让投资者能够全年跟踪公司的表现，并识别新出现的财务风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "quarterly report｜季度报告",
   "quarterly meeting｜季度会议",
   "pay quarterly｜按季度付款"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "quarter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "quarterly指每三个月一次，不是每四个月一次。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quarterly"
 },
 {
  "w": "occupy",
  "uk": "/ˈɒkjupaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːkjupaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "占据；占用",
    "en": "to fill or use a space, place, or period"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "占领",
    "en": "to take and maintain control of a place by force"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使忙于",
    "en": "to keep someone busy or interested"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These old boxes occupy most of our spare room.",
    "zh": "这些旧箱子占了我们闲置房间的大部分空间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Private cars occupy valuable urban space that could otherwise accommodate parks, cycle lanes, or wider pavements.",
    "zh": "私家车占用了宝贵的城市空间，而这些空间本可用于建设公园、自行车道或更宽的人行道。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "occupy space｜占用空间",
   "occupy a position｜担任职位",
   "occupy yourself with｜使自己忙于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "occupation (n.)",
   "occupied (adj.)",
   "occupant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "忙于某事可用be occupied with或in doing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "occupy"
 },
 {
  "w": "pebble",
  "uk": "/ˈpebəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpebəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卵石；小圆石",
    "en": "A small, smooth stone, often found near water."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A smooth grey pebble lay beside my wet shoes.",
    "zh": "我的湿鞋旁躺着一颗光滑的灰色卵石。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Removing pebbles from beaches can disturb coastal habitats and reduce natural protection against erosion.",
    "zh": "从海滩上移走卵石可能扰乱沿海栖息地，并削弱抵御侵蚀的天然屏障。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a smooth pebble｜光滑的卵石",
   "a pebble beach｜卵石海滩",
   "collect pebbles｜捡卵石"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pebbly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pebble强调小而光滑；stone泛指石头。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pebble"
 },
 {
  "w": "pitch",
  "uk": "/pɪtʃ/",
  "us": "/pɪtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运动场；球场",
    "en": "An area of ground used for outdoor team sports."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "音高",
    "en": "How high or low a sound is."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推介；推销",
    "en": "Present an idea or product to persuade someone to accept it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The players ran onto the pitch despite the rain.",
    "zh": "尽管下着雨，球员们还是跑进了球场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Young entrepreneurs often pitch their business ideas to investors who can provide funding and practical guidance.",
    "zh": "年轻创业者经常向能够提供资金和实用指导的投资者推介商业构想。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "football pitch｜足球场",
   "high pitch｜高音",
   "pitch an idea｜推介想法",
   "pitch a tent｜搭帐篷"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pitched (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "球场义常见于英式英语；pitch a tent意为搭帐篷。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pitch"
 },
 {
  "w": "minimal",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪnɪməl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪnɪməl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极少的；最低限度的",
    "en": "very small in amount or as little as possible"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These plants need minimal care, even during hot weather.",
    "zh": "这些植物即使在炎热天气里也只需极少的照料。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Well-designed buildings can maintain comfortable indoor temperatures with minimal energy use, reducing both costs and emissions.",
    "zh": "设计良好的建筑能以极低的能耗保持舒适的室内温度，同时降低成本和排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "minimal impact｜极小的影响",
   "minimal effort｜极少的努力",
   "minimal risk｜极低的风险",
   "minimal supervision｜极少的监督"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "minimally (adv.)",
   "minimum (n.)",
   "minimise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "negligible",
   "slight"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "maximal",
   "substantial"
  ],
  "tip": "minimal 指极少或最低限度，不一定表示完全没有。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "minimal"
 },
 {
  "w": "disappearance",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪsəˈpɪərəns/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪsəˈpɪrəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "消失；失踪",
    "en": "The act of vanishing or becoming impossible to find."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "消亡；不复存在",
    "en": "The process of gradually ceasing to exist."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The disappearance of my keys made me late again.",
    "zh": "我的钥匙不见了，害得我又迟到了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The gradual disappearance of traditional crafts reflects changing lifestyles and declining demand for handmade goods.",
    "zh": "传统手工艺逐渐消亡，反映出生活方式的变化以及手工制品需求的下降。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sudden disappearance｜突然消失",
   "mysterious disappearance｜神秘失踪",
   "gradual disappearance｜逐渐消亡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disappear (v.)",
   "appear (v.)",
   "appearance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "vanishing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "appearance"
  ],
  "tip": "常接of说明消失的人或物；动词为disappear。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disappearance"
 },
 {
  "w": "potter",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒtə/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːtɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陶工；制陶者",
    "en": "someone who makes pots and other objects from clay"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "悠闲地做琐事",
    "en": "to spend time doing small tasks without hurrying"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The potter shaped a bowl with her wet hands.",
    "zh": "陶工用湿润的双手捏出了一个碗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local potters can preserve traditional skills while attracting visitors interested in the region's cultural heritage.",
    "zh": "当地陶工既能保护传统技艺，也能吸引对该地区文化遗产感兴趣的游客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a skilled potter｜熟练的陶工",
   "a potter's wheel｜陶轮",
   "potter about the garden｜在花园里悠闲地忙活"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pottery (n.)",
   "pot (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ceramicist"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词常用potter about/around，表示悠闲忙活。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "potter"
 },
 {
  "w": "suite",
  "uk": "/swiːt/",
  "us": "/swiːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "套房；套间",
    "en": "Connected rooms used together, especially in a hotel"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一套软件或家具",
    "en": "A set of software programs or furniture used together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组曲",
    "en": "A musical work consisting of several related pieces"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our hotel suite has a balcony overlooking the sea.",
    "zh": "我们住的酒店套房有一个面朝大海的阳台。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The university provides a software suite that enables students to analyse data and prepare research presentations.",
    "zh": "该大学提供一套软件，帮助学生分析数据并制作研究报告演示文稿。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a hotel suite｜酒店套房",
   "a software suite｜软件套装",
   "a three-piece suite｜三件套沙发"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "读音同sweet；suit意为西装，读音不同。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suite"
 },
 {
  "w": "color-blind",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌlə blaɪnd/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌlər blaɪnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "色盲的",
    "en": "unable to distinguish some colours from others"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My color-blind uncle sometimes confuses red apples with green ones.",
    "zh": "我叔叔有色盲，有时分不清红苹果和青苹果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Designers should use distinct shapes alongside colours to make public information accessible to color-blind users.",
    "zh": "设计师应在使用颜色的同时采用不同形状，让色盲用户也能获取公共信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "red-green color-blind｜红绿色盲的",
   "color-blind users｜色盲用户"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "color blindness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式通常拼作colour-blind；不一定完全看不见颜色。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "color-blind"
 },
 {
  "w": "faculty",
  "uk": "/ˈfæklti/",
  "us": "/ˈfæklti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大学的院；系",
    "en": "A university division covering a particular group of subjects."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "全体教员",
    "en": "The teaching staff of a university, college, or school."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "官能；能力",
    "en": "A natural mental or physical ability."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The science faculty has moved into a new building.",
    "zh": "理学院已搬进一栋新楼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cooperation between the faculty of engineering and local industries can help students develop skills relevant to employment.",
    "zh": "工程学院与当地产业的合作可以帮助学生培养与就业相关的技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the faculty of science｜理学院",
   "faculty members｜教职人员",
   "mental faculties｜心智能力"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常指大学院系，美式常指全体教员。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "faculty"
 },
 {
  "w": "ripen",
  "uk": "/ˈraɪpən/",
  "us": "/ˈraɪpən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "成熟；使成熟",
    "en": "to become ripe or make fruit or crops ripe"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leave these green tomatoes on the windowsill to ripen.",
    "zh": "把这些青番茄放在窗台上，让它们慢慢成熟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Warmer temperatures can cause fruit to ripen earlier, forcing farmers to adjust their harvesting schedules.",
    "zh": "气温升高会使水果提早成熟，迫使农民调整采收时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ripen naturally｜自然成熟",
   "ripen on the vine｜在藤上成熟",
   "ripen in the sun｜在阳光下成熟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ripe (adj.)",
   "ripeness (n.)",
   "unripe (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mature"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ripe是形容词；ripen是动词，可及物也可不及物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ripen"
 },
 {
  "w": "huddle",
  "uk": "/ˈhʌdəl/",
  "us": "/ˈhʌdəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挤在一起；蜷缩",
    "en": "To gather closely together or curl up for warmth or protection."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "挤在一起的人群",
    "en": "A group of people standing or sitting close together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "私下短会",
    "en": "A brief close gathering to discuss something privately."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We huddled under one umbrella until the rain stopped.",
    "zh": "我们挤在同一把伞下，直到雨停。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without adequate shelter, displaced families may huddle together outdoors, increasing their exposure to cold and illness.",
    "zh": "缺乏足够住所时，流离失所的家庭可能只好在户外挤作一团，更容易受寒和生病。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "huddle together｜挤在一起",
   "huddle for warmth｜挤在一起取暖",
   "huddle around a fire｜围着火堆挤在一起",
   "a team huddle｜团队碰头会"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cluster"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "huddle强调紧靠，常为取暖、避险或私下商议。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "huddle"
 },
 {
  "w": "cater",
  "uk": "/ˈkeɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈkeɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "满足需求；提供服务",
    "en": "to provide what a particular person or group needs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提供餐饮服务",
    "en": "to supply food and drinks for an event"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These weekend classes cater for children of all ages.",
    "zh": "这些周末课程面向各个年龄段的儿童。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport systems should cater for passengers with limited mobility by providing accessible vehicles and stations.",
    "zh": "公共交通系统应提供无障碍车辆和车站，满足行动不便乘客的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cater for different needs｜满足不同需求",
   "cater to individual tastes｜迎合个人喜好",
   "cater for a wedding｜为婚礼提供餐饮"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "catering (n.)",
   "caterer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cater for指满足需求或供餐；cater to常指迎合。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cater"
 },
 {
  "w": "exception",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈsepʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsepʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "例外",
    "en": "someone or something not included in a general rule or pattern"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "异议；反对",
    "en": "an objection, especially in the phrase take exception to"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone enjoyed the soup, with the exception of my brother.",
    "zh": "除了我哥哥，大家都很喜欢这道汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although public transport is generally affordable, rural communities often represent an exception because services are limited.",
    "zh": "虽然公共交通通常价格低廉，但农村社区往往是例外，因为可用的服务有限。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an exception to the rule｜规则的例外",
   "with the exception of｜除……之外",
   "make an exception｜破例",
   "take exception to｜对……表示不满"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exceptional (adj.)",
   "exceptionally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "规则的例外用exception to，不用exception of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exception"
 },
 {
  "w": "profile",
  "uk": "/ˈprəʊfaɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈproʊfaɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "侧面；侧面轮廓",
    "en": "The outline of a face or object seen from the side."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "简介；概况",
    "en": "A short description of someone's life, work, or characteristics."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公众关注度",
    "en": "The amount of public attention someone or something receives."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She drew her grandfather's profile with a soft pencil.",
    "zh": "她用软铅笔画出了祖父的侧面轮廓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public exhibitions can raise the profile of local artists and attract visitors to smaller towns.",
    "zh": "公共展览能提高当地艺术家的知名度，并吸引游客前往小城镇。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in profile｜从侧面看",
   "a detailed profile｜详细简介",
   "raise the profile of｜提高……的知名度",
   "keep a low profile｜保持低调"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "profile (v.)",
   "profiling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in profile指呈侧面；a high profile指高关注度。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "profile"
 },
 {
  "w": "exotic",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzɒtɪk/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzɑːtɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "异国情调的；奇异的",
    "en": "Unusual and interesting, especially because of a connection with distant countries."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "外来的；非本土的",
    "en": "Originating outside the region where something is now found."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The market sells exotic fruits I have never tasted.",
    "zh": "市场里卖着我从未尝过的异国水果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Introducing exotic plants into local gardens can threaten native species if their spread is not controlled.",
    "zh": "将外来植物引入当地花园后，若不控制其蔓延，可能会威胁本土物种。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exotic fruit｜异国水果",
   "exotic destination｜富有异国情调的目的地",
   "exotic species｜外来物种"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exotically (adv.)",
   "exoticism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "native"
  ],
  "tip": "生态语境中指非本土的，不一定具有入侵性。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exotic"
 },
 {
  "w": "erode",
  "uk": "/ɪˈrəʊd/",
  "us": "/ɪˈroʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "侵蚀；风化",
    "en": "To gradually wear away soil or rock through natural forces."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逐渐削弱；损害",
    "en": "To gradually reduce strength, value, or confidence."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Strong waves have eroded the cliffs near our village.",
    "zh": "强劲的海浪侵蚀了我们村庄附近的悬崖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Persistent inflation can erode household savings, making it harder for families to afford essential goods.",
    "zh": "持续的通货膨胀会削弱家庭储蓄的购买力，使家庭更难负担生活必需品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "erode the soil｜侵蚀土壤",
   "erode public trust｜削弱公众信任",
   "erode purchasing power｜削弱购买力",
   "coastal erosion｜海岸侵蚀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "erosion (n.)",
   "erosive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wear away",
   "undermine"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "strengthen"
  ],
  "tip": "可指自然侵蚀，也可指信任、价值等逐渐受损。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "erode"
 },
 {
  "w": "tailor",
  "uk": "/ˈteɪlə/",
  "us": "/ˈteɪlər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "裁缝",
    "en": "someone who makes or alters clothes, especially suits"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "量身定制；使适合",
    "en": "to make or adapt something for particular needs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tailor shortened my trousers while I waited nearby.",
    "zh": "我在旁边等着，裁缝把我的裤子改短了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should tailor their lessons to students' abilities rather than follow a single approach for everyone.",
    "zh": "教师应根据学生的能力调整课程，而不是对所有人采用同一种方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tailor a suit｜定做西装",
   "tailor something to individual needs｜按个人需求调整",
   "tailor-made clothes｜定制衣服"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tailoring (n.)",
   "tailored (adj.)",
   "tailor-made (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tailor A to B表示“根据B调整或定制A”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tailor"
 },
 {
  "w": "tense",
  "uk": "/tens/",
  "us": "/tens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "紧张的；绷紧的",
    "en": "Nervous and unable to relax, or stretched tightly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "时态",
    "en": "A verb form that indicates time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使绷紧；变得紧绷",
    "en": "To tighten muscles or become physically stiff."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She looked tense while waiting outside the interview room.",
    "zh": "她在面试室外等候时显得很紧张。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A tense working environment can reduce productivity and discourage employees from sharing creative ideas.",
    "zh": "紧张的工作环境可能降低生产效率，并使员工不愿分享创新想法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel tense｜感到紧张",
   "a tense atmosphere｜紧张的气氛",
   "past tense｜过去时",
   "tense your muscles｜绷紧肌肉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tension (n.)",
   "tensely (adv.)",
   "tenseness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "relaxed"
  ],
  "tip": "作名词指语法“时态”；作形容词指紧张或绷紧。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tense"
 },
 {
  "w": "civilization",
  "uk": "/ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌsɪvələˈzeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文明社会；文明",
    "en": "an organized society with developed institutions, culture, and technology"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文明生活；现代便利",
    "en": "the comforts and services associated with modern society"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We explored the ruins of an ancient civilization yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们探访了一处古代文明的遗址。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable water supplies played a crucial role in the development of civilization by supporting agriculture and permanent settlements.",
    "zh": "可靠的水源支持了农业和固定聚落的发展，在文明形成过程中发挥了关键作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ancient civilization｜古代文明",
   "the rise of civilization｜文明的兴起",
   "human civilization｜人类文明"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "civilize (v.)",
   "civilized (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也拼作 civilisation；某个文明可用 a civilization。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "civilization"
 },
 {
  "w": "consideration",
  "uk": "/kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "考虑；斟酌",
    "en": "Careful thought about something before making a decision."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体谅；关心",
    "en": "Care for other people's feelings, needs, or comfort."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "需要考虑的因素",
    "en": "Something important to think about when making a decision."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After careful consideration, we chose the smaller flat.",
    "zh": "经过仔细考虑，我们选择了那套较小的公寓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planners should take the needs of older residents into consideration when designing public transport systems.",
    "zh": "城市规划者在设计公共交通系统时，应考虑老年居民的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "careful consideration｜仔细考虑",
   "take into consideration｜将……考虑在内",
   "under consideration｜正在考虑中",
   "show consideration for｜体谅"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consider (v.)",
   "considerate (adj.)",
   "considered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表考虑或体谅通常不可数；表考虑因素时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consideration"
 },
 {
  "w": "crane",
  "uk": "/kreɪn/",
  "us": "/kreɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "起重机；吊车",
    "en": "A machine for lifting and moving heavy objects."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鹤",
    "en": "A large bird with long legs and a long neck."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "伸长脖子看",
    "en": "To stretch your neck to see something better."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A crane lifted the heavy beam above the roof.",
    "zh": "一台起重机把沉重的横梁吊到了屋顶上方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Construction companies use cranes to assemble tall buildings efficiently, but strict safety procedures remain essential.",
    "zh": "建筑公司利用起重机高效建造高层建筑，但严格的安全规程仍然必不可少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tower crane｜塔式起重机",
   "operate a crane｜操作起重机",
   "crane your neck｜伸长脖子"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用crane your neck，表示伸长脖子看。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crane"
 },
 {
  "w": "inquiry",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkwaɪəri/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnkwəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "调查；探究",
    "en": "a process of investigating facts or seeking knowledge"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "询问；咨询",
    "en": "a request for information about something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My inquiry about the missing parcel received a quick reply.",
    "zh": "我询问了丢失包裹的情况，很快就收到了回复。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An independent inquiry into river pollution revealed serious weaknesses in the current system of environmental monitoring.",
    "zh": "一项针对河流污染的独立调查揭示了现行环境监测体系的严重缺陷。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public inquiry｜公开调查",
   "inquiry into｜对……的调查",
   "make an inquiry｜进行咨询",
   "scientific inquiry｜科学探究"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inquire (v.)",
   "inquiring (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "investigation",
   "enquiry"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "调查某事用inquiry into；英式enquiry也常指咨询。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inquiry"
 },
 {
  "w": "keyhole",
  "uk": "/ˈkiːhəʊl/",
  "us": "/ˈkiːhoʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钥匙孔",
    "en": "a hole in a lock into which a key fits"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I struggled to find the keyhole in the dark.",
    "zh": "黑暗中，我费了好大劲才找到钥匙孔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern electronic locks remove the need for a traditional keyhole, although they may create new security risks.",
    "zh": "现代电子锁不再需要传统的钥匙孔，不过也可能带来新的安全风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "put a key in the keyhole｜把钥匙插入锁孔",
   "look through the keyhole｜透过钥匙孔看",
   "keyhole surgery｜微创手术"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "keyhole surgery指小切口手术，不是钥匙孔手术。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "keyhole"
 },
 {
  "w": "unite",
  "uk": "/juˈnaɪt/",
  "us": "/juˈnaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "联合；团结；使统一",
    "en": "To join together or bring people together for a shared purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The whole village united to repair the damaged bridge.",
    "zh": "全村人团结起来修复受损的桥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shared environmental goals can unite communities that otherwise have very different economic and political interests.",
    "zh": "共同的环境目标能让经济和政治利益原本大不相同的社区团结起来。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unite against｜联合起来反对",
   "unite behind a leader｜团结支持一位领袖",
   "unite efforts｜汇聚力量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "unity (n.)",
   "united (adj.)",
   "unification (n.)",
   "reunite (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "join",
   "unify"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "divide",
   "separate"
  ],
  "tip": "unite可及物也可不及物，强调为共同目标联合。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unite"
 },
 {
  "w": "interface",
  "uk": "/ˈɪntəfeɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈɪntərfeɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "界面；接口",
    "en": "a system through which users or devices interact"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "交界面；接触点",
    "en": "a boundary or connection between two things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "连接；相互对接",
    "en": "connect and work together with another system or group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The app's simple interface makes booking tickets much easier.",
    "zh": "这款应用的简洁界面让订票方便多了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An accessible user interface enables people with limited technical experience to benefit from digital public services.",
    "zh": "易于使用的用户界面能让技术经验有限的人也享受到数字公共服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "user interface｜用户界面",
   "graphical interface｜图形界面",
   "interface design｜界面设计",
   "interface with｜与……对接"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "计算机语境常指界面；作动词常接with。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "interface"
 },
 {
  "w": "embassy",
  "uk": "/ˈembəsi/",
  "us": "/ˈembəsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大使馆",
    "en": "An official office representing a country in another country."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I contacted the embassy after losing my passport abroad.",
    "zh": "在国外丢失护照后，我联系了大使馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An embassy provides assistance to citizens overseas and helps maintain diplomatic relations between the two countries.",
    "zh": "大使馆为海外公民提供援助，并帮助维持两国间的外交关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contact the embassy｜联系大使馆",
   "embassy staff｜大使馆工作人员",
   "foreign embassy｜外国大使馆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ambassador (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "embassy指大使馆；consulate指领事馆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "embassy"
 },
 {
  "w": "meantime",
  "uk": "/ˈmiːntaɪm/",
  "us": "/ˈmiːntaɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "其间；等待期间",
    "en": "the period before something happens, especially in 'in the meantime'"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在此期间；与此同时",
    "en": "during the time before another event happens"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dinner is cooking; in the meantime, let's set the table.",
    "zh": "饭还在做，我们趁这会儿摆好餐具吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The new railway will take years to complete; in the meantime, cities should improve existing bus services.",
    "zh": "新铁路还需要数年才能建成；在此期间，城市应改善现有公交服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the meantime｜在此期间",
   "meantime, continue working｜其间继续工作"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "meanwhile"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "最常用in the meantime；meanwhile可直接作副词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meantime"
 },
 {
  "w": "creep",
  "uk": "/kriːp/",
  "us": "/kriːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "蹑手蹑脚地走；缓慢移动",
    "en": "to move slowly and quietly, often to avoid being noticed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逐渐蔓延；悄然变化",
    "en": "to spread or change slowly and almost unnoticed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I crept upstairs to avoid waking the sleeping baby.",
    "zh": "我蹑手蹑脚地上楼，以免吵醒熟睡的宝宝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Housing costs can creep up gradually, placing increasing financial pressure on families with limited incomes.",
    "zh": "住房成本可能逐渐上涨，给收入有限的家庭带来越来越大的经济压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "creep upstairs｜蹑手蹑脚地上楼",
   "creep up｜悄然上升",
   "creep into｜悄然进入",
   "give someone the creeps｜使某人毛骨悚然"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "sneak",
   "tiptoe"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为crept；不一定指爬行。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "creep"
 },
 {
  "w": "motivation",
  "uk": "/ˌməʊtɪˈveɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌmoʊtɪˈveɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "积极性；动力",
    "en": "The desire and energy that make you want to act."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动机；原因",
    "en": "A reason for doing something or behaving in a particular way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Training with a friend gives me motivation to keep running.",
    "zh": "和朋友一起训练让我有动力坚持跑步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Giving students meaningful choices can increase their motivation and encourage them to take responsibility for learning.",
    "zh": "给予学生有意义的选择，可以提高他们的积极性，并鼓励他们对学习负责。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lack of motivation｜缺乏动力",
   "intrinsic motivation｜内在动力",
   "motivation to learn｜学习动力",
   "motivation behind a decision｜决定背后的动机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "motivate (v.)",
   "motivated (adj.)",
   "motivational (adj.)",
   "motive (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "drive",
   "incentive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "apathy"
  ],
  "tip": "动力常不可数；具体动机可数，常接for或behind。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "motivation"
 },
 {
  "w": "caution",
  "uk": "/ˈkɔːʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈkɔːʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谨慎；小心",
    "en": "care taken to avoid danger or mistakes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "警告；告诫",
    "en": "a warning about danger or unacceptable behaviour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "警告；告诫",
    "en": "to warn someone about a risk or problem"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked with caution across the wet kitchen floor.",
    "zh": "我们小心地走过湿漉漉的厨房地板。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers caution that small studies may not provide reliable evidence for major changes in public health policy.",
    "zh": "研究人员提醒，小规模研究可能无法为公共卫生政策的重大调整提供可靠证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "with caution｜谨慎地",
   "exercise caution｜保持谨慎",
   "caution against｜告诫不要"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cautious (adj.)",
   "cautiously (adv.)",
   "cautionary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "caution against doing表示告诫不要做某事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "caution"
 },
 {
  "w": "colorless",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌlələs/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌlɚləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无色的",
    "en": "having no colour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "平淡无趣的",
    "en": "lacking interesting or distinctive qualities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bottle contained a colorless liquid that looked like water.",
    "zh": "瓶子里装着一种看起来像水的无色液体。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some harmful gases are colorless, making reliable detection equipment essential for maintaining safety in industrial workplaces.",
    "zh": "某些有害气体是无色的，因此可靠的检测设备对保障工业场所安全至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "colorless liquid｜无色液体",
   "colorless gas｜无色气体",
   "colorless personality｜乏味的个性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "color (n.)",
   "colorful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "uninteresting"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "colorful"
  ],
  "tip": "美式拼写；英式为colourless。无色不等于透明。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "colorless"
 },
 {
  "w": "distress",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstres/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstres/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "悲痛；忧虑",
    "en": "great emotional pain, worry, or unhappiness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "危难；困境",
    "en": "a situation involving danger or serious difficulty"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使悲痛；使忧虑",
    "en": "to cause someone great worry or unhappiness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her neighbour noticed her distress and offered to help.",
    "zh": "邻居看出她很难过，便主动提出帮忙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sudden unemployment can cause considerable distress, particularly for households with limited savings and high housing costs.",
    "zh": "突然失业会引发严重的焦虑，对储蓄有限且住房开支高的家庭尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "emotional distress｜情绪上的痛苦",
   "in distress｜处于危难中",
   "cause distress｜造成痛苦",
   "a distress signal｜求救信号"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "distressed (adj.)",
   "distressing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "anguish",
   "suffering"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "comfort"
  ],
  "tip": "distress比一般sadness强烈，也可指危难。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "distress"
 },
 {
  "w": "riot",
  "uk": "/ˈraɪət/",
  "us": "/ˈraɪət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "暴乱；骚乱",
    "en": "Violent public disorder involving a crowd of people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "聚众闹事；发生暴乱",
    "en": "To behave violently as part of a crowd in public."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop closed early because a riot broke out nearby.",
    "zh": "附近发生了骚乱，这家店提前关门了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective communication between communities and local authorities may help prevent peaceful demonstrations from turning into riots.",
    "zh": "社区与地方政府之间的有效沟通可能有助于防止和平示威演变为暴乱。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a riot breaks out｜骚乱爆发",
   "riot police｜防暴警察",
   "spark a riot｜引发暴乱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rioter (n.)",
   "rioting (n.)",
   "riotous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "riot涉及暴力骚乱，不等于和平的protest。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "riot"
 },
 {
  "w": "propose",
  "uk": "/prəˈpəʊz/",
  "us": "/prəˈpoʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提议；提出",
    "en": "Suggest an idea or plan for others to consider."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "求婚",
    "en": "Ask someone to marry you."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打算；计划",
    "en": "Intend or plan to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I proposed sharing a taxi to save us money.",
    "zh": "我提议合乘一辆出租车，给大家省点钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers propose expanding urban green spaces to improve air quality and encourage residents to exercise more regularly.",
    "zh": "研究人员提议扩大城市绿地，以改善空气质量并鼓励居民更经常地锻炼。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "propose a solution｜提出解决方案",
   "propose doing something｜提议做某事",
   "propose to someone｜向某人求婚",
   "propose a motion｜提出动议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "proposal (n.)",
   "proposer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "suggest",
   "put forward"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "propose doing是提议；propose to do通常是打算。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "propose"
 },
 {
  "w": "spit",
  "uk": "/spɪt/",
  "us": "/spɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吐唾沫；吐出",
    "en": "To force saliva or something else out of your mouth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "唾液；口水",
    "en": "The liquid produced naturally inside your mouth."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He spat the bitter seed into a tissue.",
    "zh": "他把那颗苦涩的种子吐进了纸巾里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns discourage people from spitting in shared spaces because this behaviour can contribute to disease transmission.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传劝阻人们在公共场所吐痰，因为这种行为可能传播疾病。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spit out｜吐出",
   "spit into a tissue｜吐进纸巾",
   "spit it out｜有话直说"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spitting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词英式常用spat，美式也用spit。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spit"
 },
 {
  "w": "scale",
  "uk": "/skeɪl/",
  "us": "/skeɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "规模；程度",
    "en": "The size or extent of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刻度；等级；比例尺",
    "en": "A measurement system or ratio representing relative size"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鳞；鳞片",
    "en": "One of the small hard plates covering a fish or reptile"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I hadn't realised the scale of your vegetable garden.",
    "zh": "我之前没意识到你的菜园有这么大。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The scale of plastic pollution demands coordinated action from governments, manufacturers, and consumers worldwide.",
    "zh": "塑料污染的规模要求世界各地的政府、制造商和消费者协调行动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on a large scale｜大规模地",
   "the scale of the problem｜问题的严重程度",
   "a scale model｜比例模型",
   "fish scales｜鱼鳞"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "extent",
   "magnitude"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示规模用on a large scale；表示秤通常用复数scales。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scale"
 },
 {
  "w": "plough",
  "uk": "/plaʊ/",
  "us": "/plaʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "犁",
    "en": "A farm tool that turns soil before crops are planted"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "犁地；耕地",
    "en": "To turn soil with a plough before planting"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer pulled an old plough from the shed.",
    "zh": "农民从棚里拖出了一把旧犁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers who plough steep slopes too frequently may increase soil erosion and reduce long-term agricultural productivity.",
    "zh": "过于频繁地耕作陡坡的农民可能会加剧水土流失，并降低长期农业生产力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plough a field｜犁田",
   "a horse-drawn plough｜马拉犁",
   "plough through｜费力地完成或穿过"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ploughing (n.)",
   "ploughman (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式拼作plow；两种拼写都读/plaʊ/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plough"
 },
 {
  "w": "snap",
  "uk": "/snæp/",
  "us": "/snæp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "啪地折断；绷断",
    "en": "To break suddenly with a short, sharp sound."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "厉声说；没好气地说",
    "en": "To speak suddenly in an angry or impatient way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拍照；抓拍",
    "en": "To take a photograph quickly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dry twig snapped when I stepped on it.",
    "zh": "我踩到那根干树枝时，它啪的一声断了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Under constant workplace pressure, employees may snap at colleagues, damaging cooperation and reducing overall team productivity.",
    "zh": "在持续的工作压力下，员工可能会对同事厉声说话，损害合作并降低团队整体效率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "snap in half｜啪地断成两半",
   "snap at someone｜对某人厉声说话",
   "snap a photo｜拍张照片"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "snapping (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "snap at someone常指厉声说话，也可指猛咬某人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "snap"
 },
 {
  "w": "clumsy",
  "uk": "/ˈklʌm.zi/",
  "us": "/ˈklʌm.zi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "动作笨拙的",
    "en": "moving awkwardly and often dropping or breaking things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不得体的；处理笨拙的",
    "en": "done without skill, care, or sensitivity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My clumsy puppy knocked a flowerpot off the shelf.",
    "zh": "我那只笨手笨脚的小狗把架子上的一个花盆撞了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A clumsy attempt to explain new regulations can reduce public confidence in local government.",
    "zh": "对新规定的解释若处理不当，可能会削弱公众对地方政府的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clumsy movements｜笨拙的动作",
   "a clumsy attempt｜笨拙的尝试",
   "a clumsy apology｜不得体的道歉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clumsily (adv.)",
   "clumsiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "awkward"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "graceful",
   "skilful"
  ],
  "tip": "主要指动作或处理方式笨拙，不等于智力低下。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clumsy"
 },
 {
  "w": "loosen",
  "uk": "/ˈluːsən/",
  "us": "/ˈluːsən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "松开；使变松",
    "en": "to make or become less tight or firmly attached"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放宽；放松限制",
    "en": "to make rules or control less strict"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He loosened his scarf as the room grew warmer.",
    "zh": "房间渐渐暖和起来，他松了松围巾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments may loosen restrictions on foreign investment to encourage business growth and create more employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "政府可能放宽对外国投资的限制，以促进企业发展并创造更多就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "loosen a knot｜松开绳结",
   "loosen your grip｜松开手",
   "loosen restrictions｜放宽限制"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "loose (adj.)",
   "loosely (adv.)",
   "looseness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "tighten"
  ],
  "tip": "loosen是动词；loose是形容词，勿混淆lose。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "loosen"
 },
 {
  "w": "hardware",
  "uk": "/ˈhɑːdweə/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːrdwer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计算机硬件",
    "en": "the physical parts of a computer or electronic system"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "五金器具",
    "en": "tools and metal goods used for building and household repairs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The technician replaced some old hardware inside my computer.",
    "zh": "技术员更换了我电脑里的一些旧硬件。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools need reliable hardware and regular technical support to make digital learning accessible to all students.",
    "zh": "学校需要可靠的硬件和定期的技术支持，让所有学生都能参与数字化学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "computer hardware｜计算机硬件",
   "hardware store｜五金店",
   "hardware upgrade｜硬件升级",
   "hardware failure｜硬件故障"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；hardware指硬件，software指软件。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hardware"
 },
 {
  "w": "prohibited",
  "uk": "/prəˈhɪbɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/prəˈhɪbɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "被禁止的",
    "en": "Not allowed by a law or rule."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Feeding the animals is prohibited at this wildlife park.",
    "zh": "这个野生动物园禁止给动物喂食。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Private vehicles are prohibited in certain urban areas to improve air quality and protect pedestrians.",
    "zh": "某些城区禁止私家车通行，以改善空气质量并保护行人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strictly prohibited｜严格禁止的",
   "prohibited by law｜法律禁止的",
   "prohibited items｜违禁物品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prohibit (v.)",
   "prohibition (n.)",
   "prohibitive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "forbidden",
   "banned"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "permitted",
   "allowed"
  ],
  "tip": "也是prohibit的过去式和过去分词；禁止做某事用prohibit doing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prohibited"
 },
 {
  "w": "scrape",
  "uk": "/skreɪp/",
  "us": "/skreɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刮；刮去",
    "en": "rub a hard edge across a surface, often removing something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "擦伤；刮坏",
    "en": "damage skin or a surface by rubbing against something rough"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "擦伤；刮痕",
    "en": "a shallow injury or mark caused by rubbing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I scraped the ice off the car window.",
    "zh": "我刮掉了车窗上的冰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoration workers carefully scrape away damaged paint to reveal the original surfaces of historic buildings.",
    "zh": "修复人员小心刮去破损的油漆，露出历史建筑原有的表面。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scrape off paint｜刮掉油漆",
   "scrape your knee｜擦伤膝盖",
   "scrape through an exam｜勉强通过考试",
   "scrape together money｜勉强凑钱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scraper (n.)",
   "scraping (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "scrape off指刮掉；scrape through指勉强通过。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scrape"
 },
 {
  "w": "anger",
  "uk": "/ˈæŋɡə/",
  "us": "/ˈæŋɡər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "愤怒；怒气",
    "en": "a strong feeling of displeasure about something wrong or unfair"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "激怒；使生气",
    "en": "to make someone feel angry"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He took a deep breath to control his anger.",
    "zh": "他深吸了一口气来控制自己的怒气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public anger over rising transport costs can encourage local authorities to reconsider their pricing policies.",
    "zh": "公众对交通费用上涨的愤怒，可能促使地方政府重新考虑定价政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "control your anger｜控制怒气",
   "express anger｜表达愤怒",
   "public anger｜公众的愤怒",
   "anger management｜愤怒情绪管理"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "angry (adj.)",
   "angrily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rage",
   "fury"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm"
  ],
  "tip": "anger作名词通常不可数；形容词是angry。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anger"
 },
 {
  "w": "relief",
  "uk": "/rɪˈliːf/",
  "us": "/rɪˈliːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宽慰；焦虑消除",
    "en": "Comfort felt when worry or fear ends"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疼痛等的缓解",
    "en": "A reduction in pain or discomfort"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "救济；救援物资",
    "en": "Help given to people suffering from disaster or poverty"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I sighed with relief when my missing cat returned.",
    "zh": "走失的猫回来时，我松了一口气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid delivery of emergency relief can prevent further suffering in communities affected by severe flooding.",
    "zh": "迅速运送紧急救援物资可以避免遭受严重洪灾的社区承受更多苦难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sigh of relief｜如释重负的一声叹息",
   "pain relief｜缓解疼痛",
   "disaster relief｜灾害救援",
   "to someone's relief｜令某人宽慰的是"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "relieve (v.)",
   "relieved (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "relief是名词，relieve是动词；疼痛缓解用pain relief。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "relief"
 },
 {
  "w": "gradual",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrædʒuəl/",
  "us": "/ˈɡrædʒuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "逐渐的；渐进的",
    "en": "Happening slowly through small changes over time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "坡度平缓的",
    "en": "Rising or falling gently rather than steeply"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There was a gradual improvement in her sleep.",
    "zh": "她的睡眠逐渐改善了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A gradual transition to renewable energy can help communities adapt without causing sudden job losses.",
    "zh": "逐步转向可再生能源有助于社区适应变化，避免就业岗位骤减。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gradual improvement｜逐步改善",
   "gradual change｜渐进的变化",
   "a gradual slope｜平缓的斜坡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gradually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "progressive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sudden",
   "abrupt"
  ],
  "tip": "强调变化缓慢、分阶段；副词形式为gradually。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gradual"
 },
 {
  "w": "pave",
  "uk": "/peɪv/",
  "us": "/peɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "铺设路面",
    "en": "To cover ground with stone, concrete, or another hard surface."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Workers are paving the narrow path behind our house.",
    "zh": "工人们正在给我们屋后的小路铺设路面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should pave busy pedestrian routes with durable materials that remain safe in wet weather.",
    "zh": "地方政府应使用耐用且在雨天仍能确保安全的材料铺设繁忙的步行通道。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pave a road｜铺路",
   "pave with stone｜用石料铺设",
   "pave the way for｜为……铺平道路"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "paving (n.)",
   "pavement (n.)",
   "paved (adj.)",
   "unpaved (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "surface"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pave the way for比喻“为……创造条件”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pave"
 },
 {
  "w": "classify",
  "uk": "/ˈklæsɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈklæsɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分类；归类",
    "en": "To arrange things in groups according to shared characteristics."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "将…列为机密",
    "en": "To officially restrict access to sensitive information."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We classify our books by subject on separate shelves.",
    "zh": "我们按主题把书分类，放在不同的书架上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers classify household waste into several categories to identify which materials could be recycled more effectively.",
    "zh": "研究人员将生活垃圾分成几类，以确定哪些材料可以得到更有效的回收利用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "classify as｜归类为",
   "classify according to｜按照…分类",
   "classify information｜将信息列为机密"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "classification (n.)",
   "classified (adj.)",
   "unclassified (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "categorise",
   "group"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "classify A as B表示“将A归类为B”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "classify"
 },
 {
  "w": "enquiry",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkwaɪəri/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈkwaɪri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "询问；咨询",
    "en": "A question or request for information."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "调查；查究",
    "en": "An organised attempt to discover facts about a matter."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The receptionist answered my enquiry about the opening hours.",
    "zh": "接待员回答了我关于营业时间的询问。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A public enquiry into the transport project could help explain why construction costs rose so sharply.",
    "zh": "对该交通项目开展公开调查，有助于解释建设成本为何大幅上涨。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make an enquiry｜进行咨询",
   "enquiry about｜关于……的询问",
   "public enquiry｜公开调查",
   "enquiry desk｜问讯处"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enquire (v.)",
   "enquirer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inquiry",
   "query",
   "investigation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，复数enquiries；美式通常写inquiry。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enquiry"
 },
 {
  "w": "masculine",
  "uk": "/ˈmæskjəlɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈmæskjəlɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有男性特征的",
    "en": "Having qualities or appearances traditionally associated with men"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "语法上阳性的",
    "en": "Belonging to a grammatical gender category in some languages"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The jacket gives the outfit a traditionally masculine look.",
    "zh": "这件夹克让整套穿搭呈现出传统的男性风格。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ideas about masculine behaviour vary across cultures and can influence the career choices available to young people.",
    "zh": "不同文化对男性行为的观念各异，并可能影响年轻人可选择的职业道路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "masculine appearance｜男性化的外表",
   "masculine identity｜男性身份认同",
   "masculine noun｜阳性名词"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "masculinity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "manly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "feminine"
  ],
  "tip": "male表示生理性别；masculine多指特征或语法性别。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "masculine"
 },
 {
  "w": "tickle",
  "uk": "/ˈtɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挠痒；使发痒",
    "en": "touch someone lightly, causing laughter or an itchy feeling"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逗乐；使感兴趣",
    "en": "amuse someone or pleasantly interest them"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "痒感",
    "en": "a slight itchy feeling in part of the body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitten's whiskers tickled my wrist as it sniffed.",
    "zh": "小猫凑过来闻时，胡须弄得我的手腕痒痒的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Humorous advertisements often tickle viewers while making ordinary household products seem more appealing to potential buyers.",
    "zh": "幽默广告常常逗乐观众，同时让普通家居用品对潜在买家更有吸引力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tickle someone's feet｜挠某人的脚",
   "tickle someone's fancy｜引起某人的兴趣",
   "a tickle in the throat｜喉咙发痒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ticklish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tickle指挠痒；scratch多指用指甲抓挠。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tickle"
 },
 {
  "w": "kidney",
  "uk": "/ˈkɪdni/",
  "us": "/ˈkɪdni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肾；肾脏",
    "en": "Either of two organs that filter blood and produce urine."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor checked his kidneys during a routine examination.",
    "zh": "医生在常规检查中检查了他的肾脏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns should explain how managing blood pressure can help prevent kidney disease.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传应说明控制血压如何有助于预防肾病。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "kidney disease｜肾病",
   "kidney function｜肾功能",
   "kidney stone｜肾结石",
   "kidney transplant｜肾移植"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "kidney是可数名词；医学形容词renal表示“肾的”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kidney"
 },
 {
  "w": "foresee",
  "uk": "/fɔːˈsiː/",
  "us": "/fɔːrˈsiː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "预见；预料",
    "en": "to know or expect something before it happens"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We didn't foresee such a long queue outside.",
    "zh": "我们没料到外面会排这么长的队。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planners must foresee future transport needs before approving major housing developments on the city's outskirts.",
    "zh": "城市规划者在批准城郊的大型住宅开发项目之前，必须预见未来的交通需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "foresee problems｜预见问题",
   "foresee consequences｜预见后果",
   "difficult to foresee｜难以预料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "foreseeable (adj.)",
   "unforeseen (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "anticipate",
   "predict"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式foresaw，过去分词foreseen。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "foresee"
 },
 {
  "w": "registered",
  "uk": "/ˈredʒɪstəd/",
  "us": "/ˈredʒɪstərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "已登记的；已注册的",
    "en": "Officially recorded on a list or in a system."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Only registered members can borrow books from this library.",
    "zh": "只有已登记的会员才能从这家图书馆借书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employing registered nurses in community clinics can improve access to reliable healthcare in rural areas.",
    "zh": "在社区诊所聘用注册护士可以让农村居民更容易获得可靠的医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "registered nurse｜注册护士",
   "registered charity｜注册慈善机构",
   "registered owner｜登记所有人",
   "registered post｜挂号邮寄"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "register (v.)",
   "register (n.)",
   "registration (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unregistered"
  ],
  "tip": "registered nurse指具备正式执业资格的护士。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "registered"
 },
 {
  "w": "ashore",
  "uk": "/əˈʃɔː/",
  "us": "/əˈʃɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向岸上；在岸上",
    "en": "onto or on land beside a sea, lake, or river"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We went ashore to buy fresh bread and fruit.",
    "zh": "我们上岸去买新鲜面包和水果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Plastic waste washed ashore can damage coastal ecosystems and reduce the appeal of beaches to tourists.",
    "zh": "被冲上岸的塑料垃圾会破坏沿海生态系统，并降低海滩对游客的吸引力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go ashore｜上岸",
   "come ashore｜来到岸上",
   "wash ashore｜冲上岸"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "onshore"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "offshore"
  ],
  "tip": "ashore是副词，go ashore前不加to。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ashore"
 },
 {
  "w": "analyze",
  "uk": "/ˈænəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈænəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分析；仔细研究",
    "en": "Examine something carefully to understand its parts or meaning."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We analyzed our spending before planning the next holiday.",
    "zh": "我们先分析了自己的开销，再计划下一次假期。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers analyze traffic patterns to identify areas where improved public transport could reduce congestion.",
    "zh": "研究人员分析交通流动规律，找出改善公共交通可能缓解拥堵的区域。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "analyze data｜分析数据",
   "analyze results｜分析结果",
   "analyze a problem｜分析问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "analysis (n.)",
   "analyst (n.)",
   "analytical (adj.)",
   "analytically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "examine",
   "investigate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式拼写为analyze，英式通常写analyse。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "analyze"
 },
 {
  "w": "vision",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪʒən/",
  "us": "/ˈvɪʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "视力；视觉",
    "en": "the ability to see"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "愿景；远见",
    "en": "an imagined future or the ability to plan for it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "幻象",
    "en": "an image experienced as real but not physically present"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My new glasses have made my vision much clearer.",
    "zh": "我的新眼镜让我看东西清楚多了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planners need a clear vision of how expanding cities can remain both liveable and environmentally sustainable.",
    "zh": "城市规划者需要明确的愿景，使不断扩张的城市既宜居又能保持环境可持续性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blurred vision｜视力模糊",
   "peripheral vision｜周边视觉",
   "a clear vision｜明确的愿景",
   "a vision for the future｜未来愿景"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "visual (adj.)",
   "visualise (v.)",
   "visionary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sight",
   "eyesight"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示视力通常不可数；具体愿景可用a vision。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vision"
 },
 {
  "w": "excess",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈses/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈses/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "过量；过剩",
    "en": "an amount greater than what is needed or allowed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "过量的；多余的",
    "en": "more than is needed, usual, or allowed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Wipe away the excess paint with a clean cloth.",
    "zh": "用干净的布擦去多余的油漆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consuming sugar in excess can increase the risk of obesity and other health problems.",
    "zh": "摄入过量糖分会增加肥胖及其他健康问题的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in excess｜过量地",
   "excess baggage｜超重行李",
   "excess demand｜超额需求",
   "an excess of｜过多的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "excessive (adj.)",
   "excessively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "surplus"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "shortage"
  ],
  "tip": "in excess指过量；in excess of指超过某数量。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "excess"
 },
 {
  "w": "corporation",
  "uk": "/ˌkɔːpəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɔːrpəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大公司；法人企业",
    "en": "A legally established company, especially a large one."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "市政当局",
    "en": "A governing body responsible for a town or city."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister works for a corporation that makes furniture.",
    "zh": "我姐姐在一家生产家具的大公司工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A multinational corporation can create local jobs, but its profits may largely flow back to overseas shareholders.",
    "zh": "跨国公司能够创造本地就业机会，但其利润可能大多流向海外股东。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "multinational corporation｜跨国公司",
   "large corporation｜大型公司",
   "municipal corporation｜市政法人机构"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "corporate (adj.)",
   "incorporate (v.)",
   "incorporation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "company",
   "business"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指大型公司；勿与cooperation（合作）混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "corporation"
 },
 {
  "w": "considerate",
  "uk": "/kənˈsɪdərət/",
  "us": "/kənˈsɪdərət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "体贴的；替他人着想的",
    "en": "Careful not to upset or inconvenience other people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our considerate neighbour turns down the music after dinner.",
    "zh": "我们那位体贴的邻居晚饭后会把音乐音量调低。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Being considerate towards other passengers can make public transport more comfortable and accessible for everyone.",
    "zh": "体谅其他乘客能让公共交通对所有人而言都更舒适、更便于使用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "considerate of others｜为他人着想",
   "considerate behaviour｜体贴的行为",
   "considerate neighbour｜体贴的邻居"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consideration (n.)",
   "considerately (adv.)",
   "inconsiderate (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thoughtful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inconsiderate",
   "thoughtless"
  ],
  "tip": "considerate是体贴的；considerable是相当大的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "considerate"
 },
 {
  "w": "footprint",
  "uk": "/ˈfʊtprɪnt/",
  "us": "/ˈfʊtprɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脚印；足迹",
    "en": "A mark left by a foot on a surface."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "占用空间",
    "en": "The amount of ground or space something occupies."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "环境影响程度",
    "en": "The environmental impact of a person, product, or activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A muddy footprint covered the clean kitchen floor.",
    "zh": "干净的厨房地板上留下了一个泥脚印。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing locally grown food can sometimes reduce the carbon footprint associated with transporting agricultural products.",
    "zh": "选择本地种植的食物有时可以减少运输农产品产生的碳足迹。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "leave footprints｜留下脚印",
   "carbon footprint｜碳足迹",
   "a small footprint｜占地面积小"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "carbon footprint指碳排放影响，不是实际脚印。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "footprint"
 },
 {
  "w": "livestock",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪvstɒk/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪvstɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牲畜；家畜",
    "en": "farm animals kept for food, materials, or work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer moved the livestock into a sheltered field.",
    "zh": "农民把牲畜赶进了一块有遮蔽的田地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Raising livestock requires substantial land and water resources, which can increase pressure on ecosystems in dry regions.",
    "zh": "饲养牲畜需要大量土地和水资源，这可能加剧干旱地区生态系统的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "raise livestock｜饲养牲畜",
   "livestock farming｜畜牧业",
   "livestock feed｜牲畜饲料",
   "livestock production｜畜牧生产"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "farm animals"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "集合名词，不加-s；表示活的农场动物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "livestock"
 },
 {
  "w": "unjust",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈdʒʌst/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈdʒʌst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不公正的；不公平的",
    "en": "not fair or morally right"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It seemed unjust to blame her for everyone's mistakes.",
    "zh": "把大家的错误都归咎于她，似乎很不公平。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An unjust legal system can weaken public trust and discourage citizens from seeking help through official channels.",
    "zh": "不公正的法律制度会削弱公众信任，并使公民不愿通过官方渠道寻求帮助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unjust treatment｜不公正待遇",
   "an unjust law｜不公正的法律",
   "an unjust punishment｜不公正的惩罚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "just (adj.)",
   "unjustly (adv.)",
   "injustice (n.)",
   "justice (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unfair",
   "inequitable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "just",
   "fair"
  ],
  "tip": "unjust强调违背公正原则；unfair使用范围更广。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unjust"
 },
 {
  "w": "confess",
  "uk": "/kənˈfes/",
  "us": "/kənˈfes/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "坦白；供认",
    "en": "to admit doing something wrong or illegal"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "承认难以启齿的事",
    "en": "to admit something personal that you feel embarrassed about"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I confessed to eating the last slice of cake.",
    "zh": "我坦白自己吃掉了最后一块蛋糕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may be more willing to confess their mistakes when teachers respond calmly and offer constructive guidance.",
    "zh": "如果教师冷静回应并给予建设性指导，学生可能更愿意坦白自己的错误。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "confess to doing something｜坦白做过某事",
   "confess a crime｜供认罪行",
   "confess that｜承认……"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "confession (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "admit"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "deny"
  ],
  "tip": "confess to中的to是介词，后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "confess"
 },
 {
  "w": "socialism",
  "uk": "/ˈsəʊʃəlɪzəm/",
  "us": "/ˈsoʊʃəlɪzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "社会主义",
    "en": "A political and economic system favouring public ownership of productive resources"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our history teacher explained socialism during today's lively class discussion.",
    "zh": "在今天热烈的课堂讨论中，我们的历史老师讲解了社会主义。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Debates about socialism often focus on public ownership, economic equality, and the appropriate role of government.",
    "zh": "关于社会主义的讨论往往聚焦于公有制、经济平等以及政府应发挥的作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "democratic socialism｜民主社会主义",
   "socialism and capitalism｜社会主义与资本主义",
   "principles of socialism｜社会主义原则"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "socialist (n.)",
   "socialist (adj.)",
   "socialistic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "capitalism"
  ],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；socialist可指社会主义者。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "socialism"
 },
 {
  "w": "span",
  "uk": "/spæn/",
  "us": "/spæn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一段时间；持续时间",
    "en": "The period during which something lasts or happens"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "跨度；跨距",
    "en": "The distance from one end of something to the other"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "持续；横跨；涵盖",
    "en": "To extend across a period, area, or range"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our dog has a surprisingly short attention span.",
    "zh": "我们家狗狗能集中注意力的时间短得出奇。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The research project will span several decades, allowing scientists to track long-term changes in coastal ecosystems.",
    "zh": "该研究项目将持续数十年，使科学家能够追踪沿海生态系统的长期变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attention span｜注意力持续时间",
   "a short time span｜短暂的一段时间",
   "span several decades｜持续数十年",
   "a bridge span｜桥梁跨度"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "span作动词直接接时间或范围，无需加介词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "span"
 },
 {
  "w": "lung",
  "uk": "/lʌŋ/",
  "us": "/lʌŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肺",
    "en": "Either of the two chest organs used for breathing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor listened to my lungs through a stethoscope.",
    "zh": "医生用听诊器听了听我的肺部。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Long periods of exposure to polluted air can damage the lungs and increase the risk of respiratory disease.",
    "zh": "长期接触受污染的空气可能损伤肺部，并增加患呼吸系统疾病的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lung disease｜肺病",
   "lung capacity｜肺活量",
   "lung cancer｜肺癌"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单个肺用lung；谈双肺或肺部通常用lungs。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lung"
 },
 {
  "w": "existing",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzɪstɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzɪstɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "现存的；已有的",
    "en": "Already present or in use at a particular time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We kept the existing shelves and painted them blue.",
    "zh": "我们保留了原有的架子，并把它们刷成蓝色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should improve existing transport networks before investing public money in entirely new infrastructure projects.",
    "zh": "政府应先改善现有交通网络，再将公共资金投入全新的基础设施项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "existing infrastructure｜现有基础设施",
   "existing customers｜现有客户",
   "existing conditions｜现有条件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exist (v.)",
   "existence (n.)",
   "existent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "current",
   "present"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "nonexistent"
  ],
  "tip": "通常放在名词前，强调已经存在而非新建或新增。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "existing"
 },
 {
  "w": "significant",
  "uk": "/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/",
  "us": "/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "重大的；显著的",
    "en": "large or important enough to deserve attention"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "意味深长的",
    "en": "expressing a meaning that is not directly stated"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Moving closer to work made a significant difference to me.",
    "zh": "搬到工作地点附近对我的生活产生了很大的影响。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to reliable internet services has a significant impact on educational opportunities in remote communities.",
    "zh": "能否获得可靠的互联网服务，对偏远社区的教育机会有重大影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a significant increase｜显著增长",
   "a significant impact｜重大影响",
   "statistically significant｜统计上显著的",
   "a significant glance｜意味深长的一瞥"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "significance (n.)",
   "significantly (adv.)",
   "insignificant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "important",
   "notable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "insignificant",
   "negligible"
  ],
  "tip": "统计上significant指达到显著性标准，不等于实际影响很大。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "significant"
 },
 {
  "w": "overall",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvərˈɔːl/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvərˈɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "总体的；全部的",
    "en": "considering or including every part of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "总体上；总的来说",
    "en": "when everything is considered together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The overall cost includes breakfast and a train ticket.",
    "zh": "总费用包括早餐和一张火车票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Overall, investment in public transport can reduce urban congestion while improving access to employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "总体而言，投资公共交通可以缓解城市拥堵，同时让人们更方便地获得就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "overall cost｜总费用",
   "overall performance｜整体表现",
   "overall impact｜总体影响",
   "overall improvement｜整体改善"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "total",
   "general"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词放名词前；副词可放句首概括整体情况。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overall"
 },
 {
  "w": "partially",
  "uk": "/ˈpɑːʃəli/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːrʃəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "部分地；不完全地",
    "en": "to some extent, but not completely"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The curtains were partially open, letting in sunlight.",
    "zh": "窗帘开了一部分，让阳光透了进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although recycling can partially reduce waste, changes in production and consumption are also necessary.",
    "zh": "虽然回收利用能在一定程度上减少废弃物，但生产和消费方式也需要改变。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "partially open｜部分敞开的",
   "partially completed｜部分完成的",
   "partially responsible｜负有部分责任的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "partial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "partly",
   "incompletely"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "completely",
   "entirely"
  ],
  "tip": "partially表示不完全地；不要误解为偏心地。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "partially"
 },
 {
  "w": "assemble",
  "uk": "/əˈsembl/",
  "us": "/əˈsembl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "组装；装配",
    "en": "to join separate parts together to make something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "集合；召集",
    "en": "to gather together or bring people or things together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We assembled the bookshelf before putting our books away.",
    "zh": "我们先组装好书架，再把书收好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Manufacturers increasingly use robots to assemble electronic devices, improving consistency while reducing demand for some manual jobs.",
    "zh": "制造商越来越多地使用机器人组装电子设备，在提高一致性的同时减少了对某些体力岗位的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "assemble furniture｜组装家具",
   "assemble a team｜组建团队",
   "assemble evidence｜汇集证据",
   "assemble in the hall｜在大厅集合"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assembly (n.)",
   "assembler (n.)",
   "disassemble (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "disassemble",
   "disperse"
  ],
  "tip": "组装物品时及物；表示人集合时也可不及物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assemble"
 },
 {
  "w": "undoubtedly",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈdaʊtɪdli/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈdaʊtɪdli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "无疑；毫无疑问地",
    "en": "Certainly true, with no reasonable doubt."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This is undoubtedly the warmest coat I have ever owned.",
    "zh": "这无疑是我穿过的最暖和的外套。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to clean drinking water undoubtedly improves public health, particularly in communities with limited medical services.",
    "zh": "获得清洁饮用水无疑能改善公共健康，尤其是在医疗服务有限的社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "undoubtedly true｜无疑属实",
   "undoubtedly important｜无疑很重要",
   "will undoubtedly benefit｜无疑会受益"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "doubt (n.)",
   "doubtful (adj.)",
   "undoubted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "certainly",
   "unquestionably"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "doubtfully"
  ],
  "tip": "语气很肯定；证据不足时宜用probably等弱化表达。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "undoubtedly"
 },
 {
  "w": "norm",
  "uk": "/nɔːm/",
  "us": "/nɔːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "常态；通常标准",
    "en": "a usual situation or accepted standard"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行为规范",
    "en": "an accepted rule for behaviour within a group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Working from home is now the norm in our team.",
    "zh": "居家办公如今已成为我们团队的常态。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Social norms influence how people interact, although acceptable behaviour can vary significantly across cultures.",
    "zh": "社会规范影响人们的交往方式，但不同文化所接受的行为可能差异很大。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the norm｜常态",
   "social norms｜社会规范",
   "cultural norms｜文化规范",
   "become the norm｜成为常态"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "normal (adj.)",
   "normally (adv.)",
   "normality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“常态”常用the norm；行为规范常用复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "norm"
 },
 {
  "w": "sting",
  "uk": "/stɪŋ/",
  "us": "/stɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "蜇；刺痛",
    "en": "Cause sharp pain with a pointed body part or irritating substance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蜇伤；刺痛",
    "en": "A painful insect injury or a sudden sharp pain"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刺伤感情；使难受",
    "en": "Make someone feel suddenly upset or hurt"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A bee stung my ankle while I watered the flowers.",
    "zh": "我浇花时，一只蜜蜂蜇了我的脚踝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Harsh criticism can sting young learners and discourage them from participating in classroom discussions.",
    "zh": "严厉的批评会伤害年幼学习者的感情，使他们不愿参与课堂讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bee sting｜蜜蜂蜇伤",
   "a wasp sting｜黄蜂蜇伤",
   "stinging criticism｜尖刻的批评"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stinging (adj.)",
   "stinger (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式、过去分词均为stung；蜇用sting，咬用bite。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sting"
 },
 {
  "w": "reluctant",
  "uk": "/rɪˈlʌktənt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈlʌktənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不情愿的；勉强的",
    "en": "Unwilling or hesitant to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He was reluctant to leave his warm bed.",
    "zh": "他不情愿离开温暖的被窝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many commuters remain reluctant to use public transport when services are infrequent or unreliable.",
    "zh": "当班次稀少或服务不可靠时，许多通勤者仍不愿乘坐公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reluctant to admit｜不愿承认",
   "reluctant to change｜不愿改变",
   "reluctant agreement｜勉强同意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reluctance (n.)",
   "reluctantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unwilling",
   "hesitant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "willing",
   "eager"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be reluctant to do，表示不愿做某事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reluctant"
 },
 {
  "w": "prospect",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒspekt/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːspekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可能性；预期",
    "en": "The possibility or expectation that something will happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "前景；成功机会",
    "en": "Chances of future success or improvement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "勘探矿藏",
    "en": "To search an area for valuable minerals or fuels."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The prospect of a beach holiday cheered us up.",
    "zh": "想到即将去海边度假，我们的心情好了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to vocational training can improve employment prospects for young people in economically disadvantaged regions.",
    "zh": "获得职业培训的机会能改善经济欠发达地区年轻人的就业前景。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the prospect of｜……的可能性",
   "employment prospects｜就业前景",
   "a realistic prospect｜切实的可能性",
   "prospect for gold｜勘探金矿"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prospective (adj.)",
   "prospector (n.)",
   "prospecting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "possibility",
   "outlook"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "前景常用复数prospects；of后可接动名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prospect"
 },
 {
  "w": "inspire",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈspaɪə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈspaɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "鼓舞；激励",
    "en": "to make someone feel eager and able to do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赋予灵感；启发",
    "en": "to give someone an idea for something creative"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "激起；唤起",
    "en": "to cause a particular feeling in someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our coach inspired us to try again after losing.",
    "zh": "输掉比赛后，教练鼓励我们再试一次。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers who connect lessons with real problems can inspire students to pursue careers in science.",
    "zh": "将课程与实际问题联系起来的教师能够激励学生投身科学事业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inspire someone to act｜激励某人行动",
   "inspire confidence｜激发信心",
   "inspire creativity｜激发创造力",
   "be inspired by nature｜从自然中获得灵感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inspiration (n.)",
   "inspiring (adj.)",
   "inspired (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "motivate",
   "encourage"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "discourage"
  ],
  "tip": "常用 inspire sb to do sth，表示激励某人做某事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inspire"
 },
 {
  "w": "gang",
  "uk": "/ɡæŋ/",
  "us": "/ɡæŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "犯罪团伙；帮派",
    "en": "A group of people involved in crime or violence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一群伙伴；一队工人",
    "en": "A group of friends or people working together."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our whole gang meets at the park on Saturdays.",
    "zh": "我们这群伙伴每周六都在公园碰面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community programmes can reduce gang membership by offering young people educational support and meaningful employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "社区项目可以通过提供教育支持和有意义的就业机会，减少青少年加入帮派的现象。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a criminal gang｜犯罪团伙",
   "gang violence｜帮派暴力",
   "a gang of workers｜一队工人",
   "gang up on someone｜结伙欺负某人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指朋友群体时较口语化；正式语境常指犯罪团伙。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gang"
 },
 {
  "w": "pregnancy",
  "uk": "/ˈpreɡnənsi/",
  "us": "/ˈpreɡnənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "怀孕；妊娠期",
    "en": "The condition or period of carrying a developing baby."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She enjoyed gentle walks throughout her pregnancy last year.",
    "zh": "去年怀孕期间，她一直喜欢轻松地散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to reliable healthcare during pregnancy improves health outcomes for both mothers and their babies.",
    "zh": "孕期获得可靠的医疗服务，有助于改善母亲和婴儿的健康状况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "during pregnancy｜在怀孕期间",
   "early pregnancy｜孕早期",
   "pregnancy test｜妊娠检测"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pregnant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "during pregnancy意为孕期；形容词是pregnant。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pregnancy"
 },
 {
  "w": "theory",
  "uk": "/ˈθɪəri/",
  "us": "/ˈθɪri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "理论；学说",
    "en": "an organized explanation of facts or how something works"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推测；看法",
    "en": "an idea offered to explain something, not yet proved"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "理论知识",
    "en": "the principles of a subject rather than their practical application"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My theory is that the cat knocked the cup over.",
    "zh": "我猜是猫把杯子碰倒了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students benefit from courses that connect scientific theory with practical experiments and problems from everyday life.",
    "zh": "将科学理论与实践实验及日常问题相结合的课程能让学生受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in theory｜理论上",
   "support a theory｜支持一种理论",
   "test a theory｜检验一种理论",
   "theory and practice｜理论与实践"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "theoretical (adj.)",
   "theoretically (adv.)",
   "theorist (n.)",
   "theorise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in theory意为“理论上”，常与in practice对比。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "theory"
 },
 {
  "w": "seminar",
  "uk": "/ˈsemɪnɑː/",
  "us": "/ˈsemɪnɑːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "研讨课；研讨会",
    "en": "A meeting where a group studies or discusses a subject."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We discussed our research ideas during the afternoon seminar.",
    "zh": "我们在下午的研讨课上讨论了各自的研究想法。"
   },
   {
    "en": "University seminars encourage students to evaluate different perspectives rather than simply memorise information presented by lecturers.",
    "zh": "大学研讨课鼓励学生评估不同观点，而不是仅仅记忆讲师提供的信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attend a seminar｜参加研讨会",
   "lead a seminar｜主持研讨课",
   "a seminar on education｜关于教育的研讨会"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "seminar强调讨论交流；lecture通常以教师讲授为主。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seminar"
 },
 {
  "w": "adaptation",
  "uk": "/ˌædæpˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌædæpˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "适应；适应性变化",
    "en": "The process of changing to suit new conditions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "改编作品",
    "en": "A work changed into another form, such as a film."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "改装；调整",
    "en": "A change made to something to suit a particular purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our adaptation to the colder weather took several weeks.",
    "zh": "我们花了几个星期才适应较冷的天气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Climate adaptation requires governments to improve flood defences and support communities facing increasingly frequent extreme weather.",
    "zh": "适应气候变化需要政府改善防洪设施，并支持面临日益频繁的极端天气的社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adaptation to change｜对变化的适应",
   "climate adaptation｜气候适应",
   "a film adaptation｜电影改编作品",
   "evolutionary adaptation｜进化适应"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adapt (v.)",
   "adaptable (adj.)",
   "adaptive (adj.)",
   "adaptability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adjustment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "适应某事用adaptation to；改编自用adaptation of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adaptation"
 },
 {
  "w": "aggressive",
  "uk": "/əˈɡresɪv/",
  "us": "/əˈɡresɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "好斗的；挑衅的",
    "en": "Ready to argue, threaten, or attack."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "强势进取的；积极有力的",
    "en": "Using forceful, determined methods to achieve a goal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The aggressive dog growled whenever anyone approached its gate.",
    "zh": "每当有人靠近大门，那只凶悍的狗就会低吼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Aggressive marketing campaigns may increase sales, but they can also encourage unnecessary consumption and household debt.",
    "zh": "强势营销活动可能提高销量，但也可能助长不必要的消费和家庭负债。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "aggressive behaviour｜攻击性行为",
   "aggressive marketing｜强势营销",
   "an aggressive approach｜强硬的做法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aggression (n.)",
   "aggressively (adv.)",
   "aggressiveness (n.)",
   "aggressor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hostile",
   "combative",
   "forceful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "peaceful",
   "unassertive"
  ],
  "tip": "形容行为常含贬义；商业语境可指强势进取。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aggressive"
 },
 {
  "w": "wax",
  "uk": "/wæks/",
  "us": "/wæks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蜡",
    "en": "A substance that melts easily, used for candles and protective coatings."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……上蜡",
    "en": "To cover or polish something with wax."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "月亮渐盈",
    "en": "For the moon's visible lit surface to gradually increase."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Warm wax dripped from the candle onto the table.",
    "zh": "温热的蜡从蜡烛上滴到了桌子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A thin layer of wax can protect fresh fruit and reduce moisture loss during transport.",
    "zh": "一层薄蜡可以保护新鲜水果，并减少运输过程中的水分流失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "candle wax｜烛蜡",
   "a layer of wax｜一层蜡",
   "wax the floor｜给地板打蜡",
   "wax and wane｜盛衰变化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "waxy (adj.)",
   "waxing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wax作蜡时通常不可数；月亮渐盈与wane相反。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wax"
 },
 {
  "w": "moan",
  "uk": "/məʊn/",
  "us": "/moʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "呻吟",
    "en": "To make a low sound expressing pain or unhappiness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抱怨；发牢骚",
    "en": "To complain, especially in an annoying or repeated way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "呻吟声；抱怨",
    "en": "A low sound of pain, or an expression of complaint."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He moaned softly as the nurse examined his ankle.",
    "zh": "护士检查他的脚踝时，他轻轻呻吟着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rather than moan about unreliable buses, residents could ask local authorities to improve public transport.",
    "zh": "居民与其抱怨公交车不准时，不如向地方政府提出改善公共交通的诉求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "moan in pain｜痛苦地呻吟",
   "moan about something｜抱怨某事",
   "let out a moan｜发出一声呻吟"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "groan",
   "complain"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示抱怨时较口语化，常用moan about。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "moan"
 },
 {
  "w": "renewal",
  "uk": "/rɪˈnjuːəl/",
  "us": "/rɪˈnuːəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "续订；续期",
    "en": "the extension of an agreement or service for another period"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "更新；复兴",
    "en": "the process of making something fresh, strong, or effective again"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My gym membership is due for renewal next month.",
    "zh": "我的健身房会员资格下个月该续期了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban renewal projects should improve public spaces without forcing existing residents to leave their neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "城市更新项目应改善公共空间，同时避免迫使现有居民搬离所在社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "membership renewal｜会员续期",
   "licence renewal｜执照续期",
   "urban renewal｜城市更新",
   "up for renewal｜即将需要续期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "renew (v.)",
   "renewable (adj.)",
   "renewed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "renewal是名词；renew a subscription表示“续订”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "renewal"
 },
 {
  "w": "illustration",
  "uk": "/ˌɪləˈstreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪləˈstreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "插图；图解",
    "en": "A picture that accompanies or explains something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "例证；说明",
    "en": "An example that makes an idea clearer."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The book has a beautiful illustration of a whale.",
    "zh": "这本书里有一幅漂亮的鲸鱼插图。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The rapid recovery of this forest provides a clear illustration of the benefits of long-term conservation.",
    "zh": "这片森林的迅速恢复清楚地说明了长期保护的益处。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a clear illustration of｜对……的清楚说明",
   "book illustration｜书籍插图",
   "by way of illustration｜举例说明"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "illustrate (v.)",
   "illustrator (n.)",
   "illustrative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "插图或例证可数；表示举例说明这一行为时常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "illustration"
 },
 {
  "w": "acquire",
  "uk": "/əˈkwaɪə/",
  "us": "/əˈkwaɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "获得；购得",
    "en": "Get or become the owner of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "学到；习得",
    "en": "Develop knowledge or skills through learning or experience."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We acquired a secondhand table for our tiny kitchen.",
    "zh": "我们为狭小的厨房添置了一张二手桌子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Work placements allow students to acquire practical skills that are difficult to develop through classroom learning alone.",
    "zh": "实习让学生获得仅靠课堂学习难以培养的实用技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "acquire skills｜习得技能",
   "acquire knowledge｜获取知识",
   "acquire a company｜收购公司",
   "an acquired taste｜后天养成的喜好"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "acquisition (n.)",
   "acquired (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "obtain",
   "gain"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lose"
  ],
  "tip": "比get正式；可接资产，也可接知识、技能。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "acquire"
 },
 {
  "w": "aerial",
  "uk": "/ˈeəriəl/",
  "us": "/ˈeriəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "空中的；从空中进行的",
    "en": "Happening in the air or done from above the ground."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天线",
    "en": "A device that receives or sends radio or television signals."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The aerial photograph showed our house beside the river.",
    "zh": "这张航拍照片拍出了我们河边的房子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Aerial surveys allow researchers to monitor forest loss across remote regions without disturbing wildlife.",
    "zh": "航空调查让研究人员能够监测偏远地区的森林流失，而不惊扰野生动物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "aerial photography｜航空摄影",
   "an aerial view｜鸟瞰景象",
   "an aerial survey｜航空调查",
   "a television aerial｜电视天线"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aerially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作“天线”主要用于英式英语；美式常用antenna。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aerial"
 },
 {
  "w": "factual",
  "uk": "/ˈfæktʃuəl/",
  "us": "/ˈfæktʃuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "基于事实的；事实性的",
    "en": "Based on facts rather than opinions or invented details."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her account of the accident was brief and factual.",
    "zh": "她对事故的叙述简短且符合事实。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should learn to distinguish factual information from personal opinion when evaluating sources for academic assignments.",
    "zh": "学生在评估学术作业所用的资料来源时，应学会区分事实信息与个人观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "factual information｜事实信息",
   "factual accuracy｜事实准确性",
   "a factual error｜事实性错误",
   "a factual account｜如实的叙述"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fact (n.)",
   "factually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "fictional"
  ],
  "tip": "强调依据事实，不等于actual所指的实际存在。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "factual"
 },
 {
  "w": "hub",
  "uk": "/hʌb/",
  "us": "/hʌb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "活动中心；枢纽",
    "en": "A central place for a particular activity or transport network."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轮毂",
    "en": "The central part of a wheel, where the spokes meet."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "网络集线器",
    "en": "A device that connects several computers within a network."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen is the hub of our family life.",
    "zh": "厨房是我们家庭生活的中心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in reliable rail connections could transform this coastal city into a major regional transport hub.",
    "zh": "投资建设可靠的铁路交通，可以将这座沿海城市转变为重要的区域交通枢纽。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "transport hub｜交通枢纽",
   "commercial hub｜商业中心",
   "hub of activity｜活动中心",
   "network hub｜网络集线器"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "centre",
   "focal point"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "中心义常用a hub for或the hub of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hub"
 },
 {
  "w": "specific",
  "uk": "/spəˈsɪfɪk/",
  "us": "/spəˈsɪfɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "特定的",
    "en": "relating to one particular thing rather than things in general"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "明确的；具体的",
    "en": "giving exact details rather than general information"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "特有的",
    "en": "found only in a particular person, place, or thing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Is there a specific colour you would prefer?",
    "zh": "你有没有特别想要的颜色？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should set specific targets for reducing air pollution so that progress can be measured accurately.",
    "zh": "政府应制定具体的空气污染减排目标，以便准确衡量进展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "specific needs｜特定需求",
   "specific details｜具体细节",
   "specific targets｜明确的目标",
   "specific to｜为……所特有"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "specifically (adv.)",
   "specify (v.)",
   "specification (n.)",
   "specificity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "particular",
   "precise"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "general",
   "vague"
  ],
  "tip": "specific to表示“为……所特有”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "specific"
 },
 {
  "w": "assume",
  "uk": "/əˈsjuːm/",
  "us": "/əˈsuːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "假定；想当然地认为",
    "en": "To accept something as true without having proof."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "承担；就任",
    "en": "To take on a duty, responsibility, or position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "呈现；具有",
    "en": "To begin to have a particular appearance or quality."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Don't assume the shop is open on Sundays.",
    "zh": "别想当然地以为这家店周日营业。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policymakers should not assume that all households have reliable internet access or adequate digital skills.",
    "zh": "政策制定者不应假定所有家庭都有稳定的网络连接或足够的数字技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "assume that｜假定……",
   "assume responsibility｜承担责任",
   "assume office｜就任"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assumption (n.)",
   "assumed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "suppose",
   "presume"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "assume常接that从句，强调未经证实便认为。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assume"
 },
 {
  "w": "unfortunate",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈfɔːtʃənət/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈfɔːrtʃənət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不幸的；倒霉的",
    "en": "Experiencing bad luck or caused by bad luck."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人遗憾的；不妥的",
    "en": "Regrettable or likely to cause problems or embarrassment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An unfortunate accident left my bicycle wheel badly bent.",
    "zh": "一次不幸的意外把我的自行车车轮撞得严重变形。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It is unfortunate that many rural communities still lack reliable access to essential healthcare services.",
    "zh": "令人遗憾的是，许多农村社区仍无法稳定获得基本医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an unfortunate accident｜不幸的意外",
   "unfortunate circumstances｜不幸的境况",
   "an unfortunate choice of words｜不妥的措辞"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "unfortunately (adv.)",
   "fortunate (adj.)",
   "fortunately (adv.)",
   "fortune (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unlucky",
   "regrettable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fortunate",
   "lucky"
  ],
  "tip": "It is unfortunate that…可表示“令人遗憾的是……”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unfortunate"
 },
 {
  "w": "bungalow",
  "uk": "/ˈbʌŋɡələʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈbʌŋɡəloʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "平房；单层住宅",
    "en": "A house usually built on one floor."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They bought a bungalow with a small sunny garden.",
    "zh": "他们买了一栋带有阳光充足的小花园的平房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Bungalows can suit older residents because their single-storey design removes the need to climb stairs.",
    "zh": "平房适合老年居民居住，因为单层设计让他们无需爬楼梯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "detached bungalow｜独立平房",
   "single-storey bungalow｜单层平房",
   "seaside bungalow｜海滨平房"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "重点是通常只有一层，不一定简陋或面积小。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bungalow"
 },
 {
  "w": "adopt",
  "uk": "/əˈdɒpt/",
  "us": "/əˈdɑːpt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "采用；采取",
    "en": "To start using a method, idea, or approach."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "收养",
    "en": "To legally take someone else's child into your family."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "正式通过；采纳",
    "en": "To formally approve a proposal, policy, or rule."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We adopted a simpler way to organise our shopping.",
    "zh": "我们采用了一种更简单的方法来安排购物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should adopt long-term strategies that improve public transport rather than simply building more roads.",
    "zh": "政府应采取改善公共交通的长期策略，而不是一味增建道路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adopt an approach｜采用一种方法",
   "adopt a policy｜采纳一项政策",
   "adopt a child｜收养孩子",
   "adopt a resolution｜通过决议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adoption (n.)",
   "adoptive (adj.)",
   "adopted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "adopt是采用或收养；adapt是适应或改编。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adopt"
 },
 {
  "w": "sole",
  "uk": "/səʊl/",
  "us": "/soʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "唯一的；独自的",
    "en": "Being the only one, with nobody or nothing else involved."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脚底；鞋底",
    "en": "The bottom surface of a foot or shoe."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鳎鱼",
    "en": "A flat sea fish commonly eaten as food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She is the sole owner of this little bakery.",
    "zh": "她是这家小面包店的唯一所有者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Economic growth should not be the sole measure of a country's progress or public wellbeing.",
    "zh": "经济增长不应成为衡量国家进步或公众福祉的唯一标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the sole reason｜唯一原因",
   "sole responsibility｜全部责任",
   "the sole of a shoe｜鞋底"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "solely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "only",
   "exclusive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "shared"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“唯一的”时通常放名词前；与 soul 同音。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sole"
 },
 {
  "w": "annoyance",
  "uk": "/əˈnɔɪəns/",
  "us": "/əˈnɔɪəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恼怒；烦躁",
    "en": "The feeling of being slightly angry or irritated."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烦人的事物",
    "en": "Something or someone that makes you feel irritated."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sighed in annoyance when the doorbell rang again.",
    "zh": "门铃再次响起时，她烦躁地叹了口气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although traffic noise may seem a minor annoyance, prolonged exposure can negatively affect residents' wellbeing.",
    "zh": "交通噪声虽然可能只是小困扰，但长期接触会对居民的身心健康产生不利影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "to my annoyance｜令我恼火的是",
   "a minor annoyance｜小困扰",
   "a source of annoyance｜令人烦恼的根源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "annoy (v.)",
   "annoyed (adj.)",
   "annoying (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "irritation",
   "exasperation"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "pleasure"
  ],
  "tip": "指情绪时不可数；指具体烦人事物时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "annoyance"
 },
 {
  "w": "concentration",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒnsənˈtreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːnsənˈtreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专注；专心",
    "en": "The ability to keep your attention on one activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "浓度",
    "en": "The amount of a substance present in a mixture."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "集中；聚集",
    "en": "A large amount of something gathered in one place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The constant noise outside made concentration difficult for me.",
    "zh": "外面持续不断的噪声让我难以集中注意力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High concentrations of air pollutants near busy roads can pose serious health risks to residents.",
    "zh": "繁忙道路附近高浓度的空气污染物可能严重危害居民健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lose concentration｜注意力分散",
   "improve concentration｜提高专注力",
   "a high concentration of｜高浓度的；大量集中的",
   "a concentration of wealth｜财富集中"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "concentrate (v.)",
   "concentrated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "专注通常不可数；某物的浓度用concentration of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "concentration"
 },
 {
  "w": "authority",
  "uk": "/ɔːˈθɒrəti/",
  "us": "/əˈθɔːrəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "权力；职权",
    "en": "the power or right to make decisions and enforce rules"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "当局；主管机构",
    "en": "an official body responsible for a particular area or service"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "权威人士；专家",
    "en": "a person with extensive knowledge of a particular subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Only the manager has authority to approve this refund.",
    "zh": "只有经理有权批准这笔退款。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should consult residents before introducing policies that significantly affect access to public services.",
    "zh": "地方当局在推出显著影响公共服务获取的政策前，应征求居民意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have authority to do something｜有权做某事",
   "local authorities｜地方当局",
   "an authority on｜某方面的权威",
   "abuse of authority｜滥用职权"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "authorise (v.)",
   "authorisation (n.)",
   "authoritative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表权力通常不可数；the authorities常指当局。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "authority"
 },
 {
  "w": "headquarters",
  "uk": "/ˌhedˈkwɔːtəz/",
  "us": "/ˈhedˌkwɔːrtərz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "总部；指挥部",
    "en": "The main place from which an organisation is directed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She works at the company's headquarters near the river.",
    "zh": "她在河边的公司总部工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Moving corporate headquarters to smaller cities can create jobs and reduce pressure on major urban centres.",
    "zh": "将企业总部迁往较小的城市可以创造就业机会，减轻大城市的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "corporate headquarters｜企业总部",
   "regional headquarters｜地区总部",
   "headquarters staff｜总部员工"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单复数同形，词尾始终保留s。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "headquarters"
 },
 {
  "w": "gasp",
  "uk": "/ɡɑːsp/",
  "us": "/ɡæsp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "倒吸气；喘气",
    "en": "breathe in suddenly or struggle to breathe"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一声喘息；一声惊叹",
    "en": "a sudden, short intake of breath"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We gasped as the whale rose beside our boat.",
    "zh": "鲸鱼在船旁浮出水面时，我们惊得倒吸一口气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Runners may gasp for breath when exercising at high altitudes, where less oxygen is available.",
    "zh": "跑步者在高海拔地区运动时可能会大口喘气，因为那里的氧气较少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gasp for breath｜大口喘气",
   "gasp in surprise｜惊得倒吸气",
   "let out a gasp｜发出一声惊叹"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gasp强调突然吸气；pant多指连续急促喘气。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gasp"
 },
 {
  "w": "irregular",
  "uk": "/ɪˈreɡjələ/",
  "us": "/ɪˈreɡjələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不规则的；不整齐的",
    "en": "Not having an even shape or a regular pattern."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不定时的；无规律的",
    "en": "Not happening at fixed or predictable times."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不规则变化的",
    "en": "Not following the usual rules for changing grammatical forms."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The path was made from stones of irregular shapes.",
    "zh": "这条小路由形状不规则的石头铺成。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Working irregular hours can disrupt sleep patterns and make it harder for employees to maintain healthy routines.",
    "zh": "工作时间不固定可能扰乱睡眠规律，使员工更难保持健康的作息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "irregular shapes｜不规则形状",
   "irregular hours｜不固定的时间",
   "irregular verbs｜不规则动词",
   "an irregular heartbeat｜心律不齐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "regular (adj.)",
   "irregularly (adv.)",
   "irregularity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "uneven",
   "erratic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "regular"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容形状，也可形容时间；不规则动词也用它。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "irregular"
 },
 {
  "w": "loose",
  "uk": "/luːs/",
  "us": "/luːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "松动的；未固定的",
    "en": "not firmly attached or held in place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "宽松的",
    "en": "not fitting closely around the body"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不严密的；不严格的",
    "en": "not exact or strictly controlled"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One loose screw made the whole chair feel shaky.",
    "zh": "一颗松动的螺丝让整把椅子都摇晃起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Loose regulations on industrial waste can allow harmful substances to enter rivers and damage local ecosystems.",
    "zh": "对工业废物监管不严，可能导致有害物质进入河流，破坏当地生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "loose screw｜松动的螺丝",
   "loose clothing｜宽松的衣服",
   "loose connection｜松动的连接",
   "break loose｜挣脱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "loosely (adv.)",
   "loosen (v.)",
   "looseness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "tight",
   "secure"
  ],
  "tip": "loose是形容词，尾音/s/；lose是动词，尾音/z/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "loose"
 },
 {
  "w": "curve",
  "uk": "/kɜːv/",
  "us": "/kɝːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "曲线；弯道",
    "en": "a line or shape that bends smoothly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弯曲；使弯曲",
    "en": "to bend smoothly, or make something bend smoothly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The driver slowed down as we approached a sharp curve.",
    "zh": "我们接近一个急弯时，司机放慢了车速。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Roads that curve around existing woodland can reduce habitat destruction, although they may increase construction costs.",
    "zh": "绕着现有林地修建的弯曲道路可以减少栖息地破坏，但可能增加建设成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sharp curve｜急弯",
   "a gentle curve｜平缓的弯曲",
   "a learning curve｜学习曲线",
   "curve around｜绕着弯曲延伸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "curved (adj.)",
   "curvature (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bend"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "curve可作名词或动词；“弯曲的”用curved。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "curve"
 },
 {
  "w": "union",
  "uk": "/ˈjuːniən/",
  "us": "/ˈjuːnjən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工会",
    "en": "an organisation that protects workers' rights and interests"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "联合；联盟",
    "en": "the joining of people or groups, or the resulting organisation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The union helped staff negotiate better working hours.",
    "zh": "工会帮助员工协商争取到了更合理的工作时间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Joining a union can give employees greater influence over decisions concerning workplace safety and fair pay.",
    "zh": "加入工会能让员工在涉及工作场所安全和公平薪酬的决策中拥有更大的影响力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "join a union｜加入工会",
   "trade union｜工会",
   "union representative｜工会代表",
   "political union｜政治联盟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "unite (v.)",
   "united (adj.)",
   "unionise (v.)",
   "unionisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "union以辅音/j/开头，因此说a union而非an union。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "union"
 },
 {
  "w": "stumble",
  "uk": "/ˈstʌmbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈstʌmbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "绊脚；踉跄",
    "en": "To trip or briefly lose balance while walking or running"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "结结巴巴地说",
    "en": "To hesitate or make mistakes while speaking"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I stumbled over a loose stone on the garden path.",
    "zh": "我在花园小路上被一块松动的石头绊了一下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may stumble over unfamiliar words during presentations, but regular practice can improve their confidence.",
    "zh": "学生做展示时可能会在不熟悉的词上卡壳，但经常练习能增强他们的信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stumble over a stone｜被石头绊一下",
   "stumble over words｜说话磕磕巴巴",
   "stumble across something｜偶然发现某物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stumbling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "trip",
   "falter"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "stumble不一定摔倒；stumble across指偶然发现。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stumble"
 },
 {
  "w": "seaport",
  "uk": "/ˈsiːpɔːt/",
  "us": "/ˈsiːpɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海港；海港城市",
    "en": "A coastal harbour or town where ships load and unload."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Huge ships arrive at the seaport every morning.",
    "zh": "每天早晨都有巨轮抵达这个海港。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in modern seaports can strengthen international trade and create employment in coastal regions.",
    "zh": "投资建设现代化海港可以促进国际贸易，并在沿海地区创造就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "major seaport｜主要海港",
   "busy seaport｜繁忙的海港",
   "seaport development｜海港开发"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "port (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "port"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "seaport强调海港，区别于内河港和机场。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seaport"
 },
 {
  "w": "spontaneous",
  "uk": "/spɒnˈteɪniəs/",
  "us": "/spɑːnˈteɪniəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自发的；未经安排的",
    "en": "Happening naturally without being planned or deliberately caused"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "随性的；自然率真的",
    "en": "Acting freely on feelings rather than following plans"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We made a spontaneous trip to the beach yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们临时起意，去了一趟海边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Spontaneous conversations between colleagues can generate creative ideas that formal meetings sometimes fail to produce.",
    "zh": "同事间自发的交谈可以激发创意，而正式会议有时反倒做不到。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spontaneous reaction｜自发反应",
   "spontaneous applause｜自发的掌声",
   "spontaneous decision｜即兴决定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spontaneously (adv.)",
   "spontaneity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unplanned",
   "impromptu"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "planned",
   "rehearsed"
  ],
  "tip": "强调非预先安排，不等于“无意识的”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spontaneous"
 },
 {
  "w": "ounce",
  "uk": "/aʊns/",
  "us": "/aʊns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盎司（重量单位）",
    "en": "A unit of weight equal to approximately 28.35 grams."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "少量；一点点",
    "en": "A very small amount of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I added an ounce of butter to the pan.",
    "zh": "我往锅里加了一盎司黄油。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Athletes often need every ounce of determination to maintain demanding training schedules alongside their studies.",
    "zh": "运动员往往需要倾尽意志力，才能在兼顾学业的同时坚持高强度训练。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an ounce of｜一盎司的；一点点的",
   "every ounce of strength｜全部力气",
   "not an ounce of｜一点也没有"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "重量盎司约28.35克；fluid ounce是容量单位。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ounce"
 },
 {
  "w": "bait",
  "uk": "/beɪt/",
  "us": "/beɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "饵；诱饵",
    "en": "food or another attraction used to lure animals or people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……放饵",
    "en": "to put food on a hook or in a trap"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "故意激怒；挑衅",
    "en": "to deliberately annoy someone to provoke a reaction"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We used small pieces of bread as bait.",
    "zh": "我们用小块面包作鱼饵。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some online advertisements use free gifts as bait to encourage consumers to share their personal information.",
    "zh": "一些网络广告用免费礼品作诱饵，诱使消费者分享个人信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "live bait｜活饵",
   "take the bait｜上钩；中计",
   "bait a hook｜给鱼钩装饵"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "lure"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "take the bait既可指鱼咬钩，也可比喻中计。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bait"
 },
 {
  "w": "smog",
  "uk": "/smɒɡ/",
  "us": "/smɑːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烟雾；雾霾",
    "en": "Polluted air forming a thick cloud over an area."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Thick smog hid the hills beyond our apartment.",
    "zh": "浓重的雾霾遮住了我们公寓远处的山丘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing vehicle emissions can help cities tackle smog and protect residents from respiratory diseases.",
    "zh": "减少机动车排放有助于城市治理雾霾，保护居民免受呼吸系统疾病的侵害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thick smog｜浓重的雾霾",
   "smog levels｜雾霾程度",
   "photochemical smog｜光化学烟雾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "smoggy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；smog指污染性烟雾，不是普通雾。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "smog"
 },
 {
  "w": "brutal",
  "uk": "/ˈbruːtəl/",
  "us": "/ˈbruːtəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "残暴的；残忍的",
    "en": "Extremely cruel or violent"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严酷的；毫不留情的",
    "en": "Extremely harsh, difficult, or direct"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The brutal winter left our garden bare and frozen.",
    "zh": "严酷的冬天让我们的花园光秃秃的，冻成一片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Brutal treatment of prisoners violates human rights and undermines public trust in the justice system.",
    "zh": "残暴对待囚犯侵犯人权，也损害公众对司法制度的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "brutal treatment｜残暴的对待",
   "brutal attack｜残暴的袭击",
   "brutal honesty｜毫不留情的坦诚",
   "brutal winter｜严酷的冬天"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "brutality (n.)",
   "brutally (adv.)",
   "brutalise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cruel",
   "merciless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "gentle",
   "humane"
  ],
  "tip": "brutal honesty指直言不讳到令人难以接受。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brutal"
 },
 {
  "w": "durable",
  "uk": "/ˈdjʊərəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈdʊrəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "耐用的",
    "en": "Able to last a long time without breaking or wearing out."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "持久的",
    "en": "Likely to continue or remain effective for a long time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These durable boots have survived years of muddy walks.",
    "zh": "这双耐用的靴子陪我在泥路上走了多年，至今还没坏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing durable products rather than disposable alternatives can reduce household waste and conserve valuable natural resources.",
    "zh": "选择耐用品而非一次性替代品，可以减少家庭垃圾并节约宝贵的自然资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "durable materials｜耐用材料",
   "durable goods｜耐用品",
   "durable solution｜长久有效的解决办法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "durability (n.)",
   "durably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hard-wearing",
   "long-lasting"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fragile"
  ],
  "tip": "耐用品通常用复数名词durables或durable goods。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "durable"
 },
 {
  "w": "funeral",
  "uk": "/ˈfjuːnərəl/",
  "us": "/ˈfjuːnərəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "葬礼",
    "en": "a ceremony held to remember and honour someone who has died"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We brought white flowers to our neighbour's funeral yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们带着白花参加了邻居的葬礼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Funeral traditions vary across cultures, but they often provide families with emotional support during bereavement.",
    "zh": "不同文化的葬礼传统各异，但它们往往能在亲人离世时为家属提供情感支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attend a funeral｜参加葬礼",
   "funeral service｜葬礼仪式",
   "funeral procession｜送葬队伍",
   "funeral arrangements｜葬礼安排"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常是可数名词：attend a funeral参加葬礼。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "funeral"
 },
 {
  "w": "glare",
  "uk": "/ɡleə/",
  "us": "/ɡler/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "怒目而视",
    "en": "Look at someone angrily for a sustained moment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刺眼的强光",
    "en": "A strong, bright light that makes seeing difficult."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "怒视",
    "en": "An angry, fixed look directed at someone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She glared at me when I interrupted her story.",
    "zh": "我打断她讲故事时，她怒视着我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Careful placement of street lighting can reduce glare and improve visibility for both drivers and pedestrians.",
    "zh": "合理布置路灯可以减少眩光，改善驾驶员和行人的视野。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "glare at someone｜怒视某人",
   "give someone a glare｜瞪某人一眼",
   "reduce glare｜减少眩光",
   "the glare of the sun｜刺眼的阳光"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "glaring (adj.)",
   "glaringly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "glare at是怒视；stare at只是盯着看。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glare"
 },
 {
  "w": "hospitality",
  "uk": "/ˌhɒspɪˈtæləti/",
  "us": "/ˌhɑːspɪˈtæləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "好客；热情款待",
    "en": "Friendly and generous treatment of guests or visitors."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酒店餐饮服务业",
    "en": "The business of providing accommodation, food, and services to guests."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their warm hospitality made us feel completely at home.",
    "zh": "他们的热情款待让我们感到十分自在。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The hospitality industry creates employment opportunities, but seasonal demand can make workers' incomes less predictable.",
    "zh": "酒店餐饮服务业创造了就业机会，但季节性需求会使从业者的收入更不稳定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "warm hospitality｜热情款待",
   "extend hospitality to｜款待",
   "hospitality industry｜酒店餐饮服务业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hospitable (adj.)",
   "hospitably (adv.)",
   "inhospitable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "inhospitality"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；hospitality industry指酒店餐饮服务业。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hospitality"
 },
 {
  "w": "regardless",
  "uk": "/rɪˈɡɑːdləs/",
  "us": "/rɪˈɡɑːrdləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "不顾；无论如何",
    "en": "Despite difficulties, objections, or other circumstances."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Rain was forecast, but we went hiking regardless.",
    "zh": "预报说会下雨，但我们还是去徒步了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries should provide access to reliable information for everyone, regardless of income or educational background.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆应让所有人都能获取可靠信息，无论其收入或教育背景如何。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "regardless of age｜不论年龄",
   "regardless of cost｜不计成本",
   "carry on regardless｜不顾困难继续"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "anyway",
   "nevertheless"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "regardless是副词；接名词时用regardless of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "regardless"
 },
 {
  "w": "skinny",
  "uk": "/ˈskɪni/",
  "us": "/ˈskɪni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "很瘦的；皮包骨的",
    "en": "very thin, often in a way considered unattractive"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "紧身的",
    "en": "fitting closely around the body, especially the legs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The skinny kitten curled up beside a warm blanket.",
    "zh": "那只瘦小的猫蜷缩在一条暖和的毯子旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Media images that idealise skinny bodies can create unrealistic expectations and negatively affect young people's confidence.",
    "zh": "将过瘦身材理想化的媒体形象可能制造不切实际的期待，并损害年轻人的自信。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "skinny jeans｜紧身牛仔裤",
   "skinny legs｜纤瘦的双腿",
   "look skinny｜看起来很瘦"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "skin (n.)",
   "skinniness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thin",
   "scrawny"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "plump"
  ],
  "tip": "形容人时常含负面评价；slim通常带赞美意味。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "skinny"
 },
 {
  "w": "loyal",
  "uk": "/ˈlɔɪəl/",
  "us": "/ˈlɔɪəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "忠诚的；忠实的",
    "en": "Continuing to support someone or something, even during difficulties."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our loyal dog waits by the door every evening.",
    "zh": "我们忠实的狗每天傍晚都在门边等候。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies that treat their employees fairly are more likely to retain a loyal and productive workforce.",
    "zh": "公平对待员工的公司更有可能留住忠诚且高效的员工队伍。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "loyal to｜忠于",
   "a loyal customer｜忠实顾客",
   "remain loyal｜保持忠诚",
   "a loyal supporter｜忠实支持者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "loyalty (n.)",
   "loyally (adv.)",
   "disloyal (adj.)",
   "disloyalty (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "faithful",
   "devoted"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disloyal",
   "unfaithful"
  ],
  "tip": "表示忠于某人或组织，用loyal to，不用loyal with。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "loyal"
 },
 {
  "w": "blockage",
  "uk": "/ˈblɒkɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈblɑːkɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "堵塞；堵塞物",
    "en": "Something that prevents movement through a passage, or the resulting obstruction."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A blockage in the pipe stopped the water flowing.",
    "zh": "管道里有堵塞物，水流不出来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular maintenance of urban drainage systems can prevent blockages that increase the risk of flooding.",
    "zh": "定期维护城市排水系统可以防止堵塞，从而降低洪涝风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clear a blockage｜清除堵塞物",
   "a blockage in a pipe｜管道内的堵塞",
   "intestinal blockage｜肠梗阻"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "block (v.)",
   "blocked (adj.)",
   "unblock (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "obstruction"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指通道堵塞；军事或经济“封锁”通常用blockade。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blockage"
 },
 {
  "w": "advisor",
  "uk": "/ədˈvaɪzə/",
  "us": "/ədˈvaɪzər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "顾问；指导教师",
    "en": "someone whose job is to give guidance or expert advice"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My advisor helped me choose courses for next term.",
    "zh": "我的指导老师帮我选了下学期的课程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A qualified financial advisor can help households plan for retirement and manage the risks of long-term investments.",
    "zh": "合格的财务顾问能帮助家庭规划退休生活，并管理长期投资的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "financial advisor｜财务顾问",
   "academic advisor｜学业指导教师",
   "careers advisor｜职业顾问"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "advise (v.)",
   "advice (n.)",
   "advisory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adviser",
   "consultant"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "advisor与adviser均正确；英式英语常用后者。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "advisor"
 },
 {
  "w": "ultimately",
  "uk": "/ˈʌltɪmətli/",
  "us": "/ˈʌltɪmətli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "最终；最后",
    "en": "in the end, after a series of events"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "归根结底；根本上",
    "en": "when considering the most important underlying fact"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We explored several flats but ultimately chose this small house.",
    "zh": "我们看了好几套公寓，但最终选了这栋小房子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although technology can support classroom learning, educational success ultimately depends on effective teaching and student engagement.",
    "zh": "虽然技术可以辅助课堂学习，但教育成效归根结底取决于有效教学和学生参与。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ultimately depend on｜归根结底取决于",
   "ultimately lead to｜最终导致",
   "ultimately responsible｜负最终责任的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ultimate (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "eventually",
   "in the end"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调最终结果或根本因素，不用于列举中的最后一项。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ultimately"
 },
 {
  "w": "commonly",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmənli/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmənli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "通常；普遍地",
    "en": "often or among many people or in many places"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This spice is commonly used in soups and stews.",
    "zh": "这种香料常用于汤和炖菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although online learning is commonly viewed as convenient, its effectiveness depends on student motivation and access to reliable technology.",
    "zh": "尽管在线学习普遍被认为很方便，其效果仍取决于学生的学习动力和可靠的技术条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commonly used｜常用的",
   "commonly known as｜通常称为",
   "commonly found｜常见的",
   "commonly believed｜普遍认为的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "common (adj.)",
   "uncommon (adj.)",
   "commonness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "often",
   "frequently"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rarely",
   "seldom"
  ],
  "tip": "常置于实义动词前、be动词后，如is commonly used。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commonly"
 },
 {
  "w": "rebellion",
  "uk": "/rɪˈbeljən/",
  "us": "/rɪˈbeljən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "叛乱；起义",
    "en": "Organized resistance, often violent, against a government or ruler."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "反抗；叛逆",
    "en": "Refusal to accept authority, rules, or expected behaviour."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Refusing to tidy his room was his small rebellion.",
    "zh": "拒绝整理房间是他小小的反抗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historians often examine how economic hardship and political exclusion contribute to rebellion against established authority.",
    "zh": "历史学家常研究经济困境和政治排斥如何促成对既有权威的反抗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "armed rebellion｜武装叛乱",
   "teenage rebellion｜青少年叛逆",
   "rebellion against authority｜对权威的反抗",
   "crush a rebellion｜镇压叛乱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rebel (n.)",
   "rebel (v.)",
   "rebellious (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "uprising",
   "revolt"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "obedience",
   "submission"
  ],
  "tip": "常接against，说明反抗的对象。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rebellion"
 },
 {
  "w": "extreme",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈstriːm/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈstriːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极度的；极端的",
    "en": "very great in degree or far beyond what is usual"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "偏激的；过激的",
    "en": "far beyond what most people consider reasonable or acceptable"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "极端；极限",
    "en": "either end of a range of conditions or behaviour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We kept the curtains closed during the extreme heat.",
    "zh": "酷热期间，我们一直拉着窗帘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Extreme weather events can damage infrastructure and place considerable pressure on emergency services in vulnerable communities.",
    "zh": "极端天气事件会破坏基础设施，并给脆弱社区的应急服务带来巨大压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "extreme weather｜极端天气",
   "extreme poverty｜极度贫困",
   "extreme views｜偏激的观点",
   "go to extremes｜走极端"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "extremely (adv.)",
   "extremism (n.)",
   "extremist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "severe",
   "excessive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "moderate"
  ],
  "tip": "副词用extremely；名词常见go to extremes。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "extreme"
 },
 {
  "w": "steward",
  "uk": "/ˈstjuːəd/",
  "us": "/ˈstuːərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乘务员；活动服务人员",
    "en": "Someone who assists passengers or people attending an event."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "管理人；守护者",
    "en": "Someone responsible for caring for property or resources."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "管理；妥善照管",
    "en": "To manage or protect resources responsibly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A steward helped us find our seats before the concert.",
    "zh": "音乐会开始前，一位工作人员帮我们找到了座位。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local communities can act as stewards of natural habitats when they receive adequate funding and decision-making powers.",
    "zh": "当地社区若获得充足资金和决策权，就能成为自然栖息地的守护者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a ship's steward｜船上乘务员",
   "a steward of natural resources｜自然资源守护者",
   "steward resources｜妥善管理资源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stewardship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不只指乘务员；a steward of也可指资源守护者。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "steward"
 },
 {
  "w": "aid",
  "uk": "/eɪd/",
  "us": "/eɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "援助；救助",
    "en": "Help provided through money, supplies, services, or practical support."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "帮助；促进",
    "en": "To help someone or make a process easier."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "辅助工具",
    "en": "An object or device that helps someone do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Volunteers brought food and medical aid to the village.",
    "zh": "志愿者为村子送来了食物和医疗援助。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International aid can improve access to clean water, but lasting progress also requires investment in local infrastructure.",
    "zh": "国际援助可以改善清洁用水的获取条件，但持久进步还需要对当地基础设施进行投资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "humanitarian aid｜人道主义援助",
   "financial aid｜经济援助",
   "first aid｜急救",
   "hearing aid｜助听器"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aided (adj.)",
   "unaided (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "help",
   "assistance",
   "support"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "援助义通常不可数；辅助工具义可数，如a hearing aid。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aid"
 },
 {
  "w": "rag",
  "uk": "/ræɡ/",
  "us": "/ræɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抹布；破布",
    "en": "A piece of old cloth, often used for cleaning."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "破旧衣服",
    "en": "Old, badly torn clothes, usually described in the plural."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He wiped the oily tools with an old rag.",
    "zh": "他用一块旧抹布擦拭沾满油污的工具。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reusing worn clothing as cleaning rags can reduce household waste and demand for disposable products.",
    "zh": "把旧衣服改作清洁抹布，可以减少家庭垃圾及对一次性用品的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an old rag｜一块旧抹布",
   "a cleaning rag｜清洁抹布",
   "in rags｜衣衫褴褛",
   "from rags to riches｜从贫穷到富有"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ragged (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cloth"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单数常指一块破布；in rags表示衣衫褴褛。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rag"
 },
 {
  "w": "contrary",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒntrəri/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːntreri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相反的；相违背的",
    "en": "opposite to something or inconsistent with it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "相反的情况",
    "en": "the opposite of what has been said or suggested"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Contrary to the forecast, sunshine filled our garden.",
    "zh": "与天气预报相反，阳光洒满了我们的花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Contrary to popular belief, expanding road networks does not always reduce traffic congestion in major cities.",
    "zh": "与普遍看法相反，扩大道路网络并不总能缓解大城市的交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contrary to expectations｜出乎预料",
   "contrary evidence｜相反证据",
   "on the contrary｜恰恰相反",
   "to the contrary｜表明相反情况的"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "opposite"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on the contrary用于纠正前述观点，意为恰恰相反。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contrary"
 },
 {
  "w": "cabinet",
  "uk": "/ˈkæbɪnət/",
  "us": "/ˈkæbɪnət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "橱柜；储物柜",
    "en": "a cupboard with shelves or drawers for storing things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "内阁",
    "en": "the group of senior ministers who make major government decisions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The clean cups are in the cabinet above the sink.",
    "zh": "干净杯子放在水槽上方的橱柜里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The cabinet approved a national programme to improve access to affordable housing in rapidly growing cities.",
    "zh": "内阁批准了一项全国性计划，以增加快速发展城市中可负担住房的供应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "kitchen cabinet｜厨房橱柜",
   "filing cabinet｜文件柜",
   "cabinet minister｜内阁大臣",
   "cabinet meeting｜内阁会议"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指家具或内阁；内阁由政府高级部长组成。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cabinet"
 },
 {
  "w": "perfection",
  "uk": "/pəˈfekʃn/",
  "us": "/pərˈfekʃn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "完美；尽善尽美",
    "en": "The state of being completely without faults or weaknesses"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bread was baked to perfection, with a crisp crust.",
    "zh": "这面包烤得恰到好处，外皮酥脆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An excessive desire for perfection can increase students' anxiety and discourage them from experimenting with new ideas.",
    "zh": "过度追求完美会加重学生的焦虑，并使他们不愿尝试新想法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strive for perfection｜力求完美",
   "achieve perfection｜达到完美",
   "to perfection｜完美地；恰到好处",
   "pursuit of perfection｜对完美的追求"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perfect (adj.)",
   "perfectly (adv.)",
   "perfectionist (n.)",
   "imperfection (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "flawlessness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "imperfection"
  ],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；to perfection指做得恰到好处。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "perfection"
 },
 {
  "w": "hitchhike",
  "uk": "/ˈhɪtʃhaɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈhɪtʃhaɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "搭便车旅行",
    "en": "Travel by getting free rides in passing vehicles."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hitchhiked to the coast with our backpacks.",
    "zh": "我们背着背包搭便车去了海边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although some tourists hitchhike to reduce travel costs, limited transport services can make such journeys unpredictable.",
    "zh": "虽然一些游客为节省交通费用而搭便车，但交通服务有限可能使这类旅程难以预测。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hitchhike across a country｜搭便车穿越一个国家",
   "hitchhike to the coast｜搭便车去海边"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hitchhiker (n.)",
   "hitchhiking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常作不及物动词；目的地前用to。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hitchhike"
 },
 {
  "w": "peak",
  "uk": "/piːk/",
  "us": "/piːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "顶峰；山峰；最高点",
    "en": "A mountain's top or the highest level of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "达到最高点",
    "en": "To reach the highest level or amount."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最高的；高峰期的",
    "en": "At the highest level of activity, demand, or achievement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Snow still covered the mountain peak in June.",
    "zh": "六月时，山顶仍覆盖着积雪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Electricity demand usually peaks in the early evening, when households use several appliances at once.",
    "zh": "电力需求通常在傍晚达到高峰，因为那时许多家庭会同时使用多种电器。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reach a peak｜达到顶峰",
   "peak demand｜需求高峰",
   "mountain peak｜山峰",
   "peak season｜旺季"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "summit",
   "pinnacle"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "peak at后接峰值；peak season表示旺季。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "peak"
 },
 {
  "w": "aroma",
  "uk": "/əˈrəʊmə/",
  "us": "/əˈroʊmə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "芳香；香气",
    "en": "a noticeable pleasant smell, especially from food or drink"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The aroma of fresh bread filled the kitchen.",
    "zh": "新鲜面包的香气弥漫了整个厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The aroma of freshly prepared food can enhance customers' dining experiences and influence their perception of quality.",
    "zh": "现做食物的香气能够提升顾客的用餐体验，并影响他们对品质的判断。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the aroma of coffee｜咖啡的香气",
   "rich aroma｜浓郁的香气",
   "release an aroma｜散发香气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aromatic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fragrance",
   "scent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指令人愉悦的气味，尤用于食物和饮品。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aroma"
 },
 {
  "w": "vaccinate",
  "uk": "/ˈvæksɪneɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈvæksɪneɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……接种疫苗",
    "en": "To give a vaccine that helps protect against a disease."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The vet will vaccinate our puppy during today's appointment.",
    "zh": "兽医会在今天的就诊中给我们的小狗接种疫苗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health programmes aim to vaccinate vulnerable populations and reduce the spread of infectious diseases.",
    "zh": "公共卫生项目旨在为易感人群接种疫苗，并减少传染病的传播。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vaccinate against measles｜接种麻疹疫苗",
   "vaccinate children｜给儿童接种疫苗",
   "get vaccinated｜接种疫苗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vaccine (n.)",
   "vaccination (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "immunise",
   "inoculate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用vaccinate someone against某疾病。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vaccinate"
 },
 {
  "w": "contribution",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːntrɪˈbjuːʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "贡献；促成作用",
    "en": "Something done or provided to help achieve a shared result."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "捐款；捐赠物",
    "en": "Money or goods given to support a person or cause."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "投稿；稿件",
    "en": "A piece of writing supplied for a publication."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your contribution helped us finish the garden before sunset.",
    "zh": "有了你的帮助，我们在日落前完成了花园的整理工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries make a valuable contribution to lifelong learning by providing free access to information.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆通过免费提供信息资源，为终身学习作出了宝贵贡献。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a contribution to｜为…作出贡献",
   "a significant contribution｜重大贡献",
   "a voluntary contribution｜自愿捐款"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contribute (v.)",
   "contributor (n.)",
   "contributory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用make a contribution to；to后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contribution"
 },
 {
  "w": "undersea",
  "uk": "/ˌʌndəˈsiː/",
  "us": "/ˌʌndɚˈsiː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "海面下的；海底的",
    "en": "Located or happening below the surface of the sea"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The documentary showed colourful fish around an undersea cave.",
    "zh": "这部纪录片展示了海底洞穴周围色彩斑斓的鱼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Undersea cables connect continents and provide essential infrastructure for global communication and international trade.",
    "zh": "海底电缆连接各大洲，为全球通信和国际贸易提供重要基础设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "undersea cable｜海底电缆",
   "undersea exploration｜海底勘探",
   "undersea tunnel｜海底隧道"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "submarine"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常放在名词前；强调海面以下，而非所有水下环境。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "undersea"
 },
 {
  "w": "blizzard",
  "uk": "/ˈblɪzəd/",
  "us": "/ˈblɪzərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "暴风雪",
    "en": "A severe snowstorm with strong winds."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed indoors while the blizzard shook our windows.",
    "zh": "暴风雪吹得窗户直响，我们一直待在屋里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A severe blizzard can disrupt public transport and leave rural communities without electricity for several days.",
    "zh": "严重的暴风雪可能扰乱公共交通，并使农村社区连续数天断电。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a severe blizzard｜猛烈的暴风雪",
   "blizzard conditions｜暴风雪天气"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "snowstorm"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比普通snowstorm更强调强风和恶劣天气。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blizzard"
 },
 {
  "w": "household",
  "uk": "/ˈhaʊshəʊld/",
  "us": "/ˈhaʊshoʊld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一户；同住的一家人",
    "en": "all the people who live together in one home"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "家庭的；家用的",
    "en": "relating to a home and its everyday needs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone in our household takes turns washing the dishes.",
    "zh": "我们家每个人都轮流洗碗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising energy prices place considerable pressure on household budgets, particularly among families with lower incomes.",
    "zh": "能源价格上涨给家庭预算带来了很大压力，低收入家庭尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "household income｜家庭收入",
   "household appliances｜家用电器",
   "household chores｜家务",
   "single-person household｜独居户"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "householder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "household强调同住一户，不一定有亲属关系。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "household"
 },
 {
  "w": "correspond",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒrəˈspɒnd/",
  "us": "/ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "相符；相对应",
    "en": "To match something or have an equivalent role or position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "通信",
    "en": "To exchange letters or messages with someone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The colours on these lids correspond to the containers.",
    "zh": "这些盖子的颜色与各自的容器相对应。"
   },
   {
    "en": "University courses should correspond more closely to the skills that employers need in a changing economy.",
    "zh": "在不断变化的经济中，大学课程应与雇主所需的技能更加契合。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "correspond to｜对应于",
   "correspond with someone｜与某人通信",
   "correspond closely｜高度相符"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "correspondence (n.)",
   "corresponding (adj.)",
   "correspondingly (adv.)",
   "correspondent (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "match"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "对应常用correspond to；与人通信接with。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "correspond"
 },
 {
  "w": "vast",
  "uk": "/vɑːst/",
  "us": "/væst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "广阔的；巨大的",
    "en": "Extremely large in area, size, amount, or degree."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A vast desert stretched beyond the small village.",
    "zh": "小村庄外是一片绵延的广阔沙漠。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital libraries give students access to vast amounts of information, although evaluating its reliability remains essential.",
    "zh": "数字图书馆让学生能够获取海量信息，但评估信息的可靠性仍然至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the vast majority｜绝大多数",
   "vast amounts of｜大量的",
   "a vast area｜广阔的区域",
   "vast resources｜巨大的资源储备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vastly (adv.)",
   "vastness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enormous",
   "immense",
   "huge"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tiny"
  ],
  "tip": "the vast majority of表示……中的绝大多数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vast"
 },
 {
  "w": "segment",
  "uk": "/ˈseɡmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈseɡmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "部分；片段；瓣",
    "en": "one part of something divided into separate sections"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分割；划分",
    "en": "to divide something into separate parts or groups"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He offered me a juicy segment of orange.",
    "zh": "他递给我一瓣多汁的橙子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies often segment their customers by age to develop more effective advertising strategies.",
    "zh": "企业常按年龄划分顾客群体，以制定更有效的广告策略。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "market segment｜细分市场",
   "orange segment｜一瓣橙子",
   "segment customers｜划分顾客群体"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "segmentation (n.)",
   "segmented (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "section",
   "portion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在前；动词读/seɡˈment/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "segment"
 },
 {
  "w": "scout",
  "uk": "/skaʊt/",
  "us": "/skaʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "侦察员；球探；星探",
    "en": "Someone sent to gather information or discover talented people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "搜寻；侦察",
    "en": "To search an area for something or gather information."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "童子军成员",
    "en": "A member of a youth group learning outdoor skills."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A scout watched our team practise after school.",
    "zh": "放学后，一位球探观看了我们队的训练。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sports clubs often scout for talented young players in communities that lack access to professional training facilities.",
    "zh": "体育俱乐部经常到缺乏专业训练设施的社区寻找有天赋的年轻球员。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a talent scout｜星探；人才发掘者",
   "a football scout｜足球球探",
   "scout for talent｜寻找人才",
   "scout out a location｜勘察地点"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scouting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "scout for后接寻找的对象；童子军成员常写作Scout。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scout"
 },
 {
  "w": "substitute",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌbstɪtuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "替代品；替补者",
    "en": "A person or thing used in place of another."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "替代；用……代替",
    "en": "Use someone or something instead of another person or thing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Yoghurt makes a good substitute for cream in this soup.",
    "zh": "做这道汤时，酸奶可以很好地代替奶油。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online lessons can support independent learning, but they are not always an adequate substitute for classroom interaction.",
    "zh": "线上课程能支持自主学习，但并不总能充分替代课堂互动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a substitute for｜……的替代品",
   "substitute A for B｜用A代替B",
   "a suitable substitute｜合适的替代品",
   "a substitute teacher｜代课教师"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "substitution (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "replacement",
   "stand-in"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "substitute A for B＝用A代替B，勿颠倒。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "substitute"
 },
 {
  "w": "sprinkle",
  "uk": "/ˈsprɪŋkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsprɪŋkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "撒；洒",
    "en": "To scatter small drops or pieces over something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "少量；少许",
    "en": "A small amount scattered over a surface."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sprinkle some cinnamon over your porridge before eating.",
    "zh": "吃燕麦粥前，在上面撒些肉桂粉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rather than adding excessive salt, consumers can sprinkle herbs over meals to enhance flavour more healthily.",
    "zh": "消费者可以在饭菜上撒些香草，以更健康的方式增添风味，而不是加入过多盐。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sprinkle sugar over｜把糖撒在……上",
   "sprinkle with herbs｜撒上香草",
   "a sprinkle of salt｜少许盐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sprinkler (n.)",
   "sprinkling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "scatter"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可说sprinkle A over B，也可说sprinkle B with A。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sprinkle"
 },
 {
  "w": "loneliness",
  "uk": "/ˈləʊnlinəs/",
  "us": "/ˈloʊnlinəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "孤独；寂寞",
    "en": "Sadness caused by feeling alone or lacking close relationships"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Calling an old friend helped ease my loneliness.",
    "zh": "给一位老朋友打电话缓解了我的孤独感。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community activities can reduce loneliness among older adults by creating opportunities for regular and meaningful social contact.",
    "zh": "社区活动能提供定期且有意义的社交机会，从而减轻老年人的孤独感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feelings of loneliness｜孤独感",
   "ease loneliness｜缓解孤独",
   "social isolation and loneliness｜社会隔离与孤独"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lonely (adj.)",
   "lone (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "isolation"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "companionship"
  ],
  "tip": "loneliness强调难过；solitude可指享受独处。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "loneliness"
 },
 {
  "w": "infectious",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈfekʃəs/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈfekʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "传染性的",
    "en": "able to spread disease between people or organisms"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有感染力的",
    "en": "causing others to share the same feeling or behaviour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His infectious laugh soon had everyone at the table smiling.",
    "zh": "他富有感染力的笑声很快让桌边的每个人都笑了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved sanitation and access to clean water are essential for preventing infectious diseases in densely populated communities.",
    "zh": "改善卫生条件并保障清洁用水，对预防人口密集社区的传染病至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "infectious disease｜传染病",
   "highly infectious｜传染性很强的",
   "infectious enthusiasm｜有感染力的热情",
   "infectious laughter｜有感染力的笑声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "infect (v.)",
   "infection (n.)",
   "infectiousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "contagious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "non-infectious"
  ],
  "tip": "infectious表示有传染性；infected表示已被感染。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "infectious"
 },
 {
  "w": "hazard",
  "uk": "/ˈhæzəd/",
  "us": "/ˈhæzərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "危险因素；隐患",
    "en": "Something that could cause harm, damage, or an accident."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "冒险提出",
    "en": "To suggest something despite uncertainty about whether it is correct."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That loose cable is a hazard near the stairs.",
    "zh": "楼梯旁那根松散的电线是个安全隐患。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poorly stored industrial chemicals pose a serious health hazard to workers and residents in nearby communities.",
    "zh": "储存不当的工业化学品会对工人及附近社区居民造成严重的健康威胁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "health hazard｜健康隐患",
   "fire hazard｜火灾隐患",
   "pose a hazard｜构成危险",
   "hazard a guess｜大胆猜测"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hazardous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "danger",
   "risk"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词指危险来源；动词常见于hazard a guess。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hazard"
 },
 {
  "w": "glow",
  "uk": "/ɡləʊ/",
  "us": "/ɡloʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发出柔和的光",
    "en": "to produce a steady, soft light"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "柔光；红光",
    "en": "a soft, steady light"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "脸发红；容光焕发",
    "en": "to look warm, healthy, or full of pleasure"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The last embers glowed softly in the fireplace.",
    "zh": "壁炉里最后的余烬发出柔和的红光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The warm glow of street lighting can make public spaces feel safer after dark.",
    "zh": "街灯温暖的光芒能让公共空间在天黑后给人更安全的感觉。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a warm glow｜温暖的柔光",
   "glow with pride｜因自豪而容光焕发",
   "a healthy glow｜健康红润的气色"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "glowing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "glow常指持续柔光；flash指短暂闪光。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glow"
 },
 {
  "w": "novelty",
  "uk": "/ˈnɒvəlti/",
  "us": "/ˈnɑːvəlti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新奇；新颖",
    "en": "the quality of being new, unusual, or unfamiliar"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新鲜事物",
    "en": "something new or unusual that attracts interest"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新奇小玩意儿",
    "en": "a small unusual object made mainly for amusement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The novelty of sleeping in a tent soon wore off.",
    "zh": "睡帐篷的新鲜感很快就消退了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although the novelty of new technology attracts consumers, long-term adoption depends on practical benefits and affordability.",
    "zh": "虽然新技术的新颖性会吸引消费者，但长期采用仍取决于实际益处和价格是否可负担。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "novelty value｜新奇带来的吸引力",
   "the novelty wears off｜新鲜感消退",
   "a novelty item｜新奇小商品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "novel (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "newness",
   "originality"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "familiarity"
  ],
  "tip": "指新奇感时不可数；指新鲜事物或小玩意儿时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "novelty"
 },
 {
  "w": "dip",
  "uk": "/dɪp/",
  "us": "/dɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "浸；蘸",
    "en": "To put something briefly into liquid and take it out."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "短暂下降；下沉",
    "en": "To fall slightly, often for a short time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "短时游泳；短暂下降",
    "en": "A short swim, or a small, temporary decrease."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dip the strawberries in chocolate before putting them on plates.",
    "zh": "先把草莓蘸上巧克力，再放到盘子里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Temperatures may dip overnight, increasing the demand for heating in homes that lack adequate insulation.",
    "zh": "夜间气温可能下降，使保温不足的住宅对供暖的需求增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dip into water｜浸入水中",
   "a dip in sales｜销量的短暂下降",
   "go for a dip｜去游一会儿泳"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词为dipped；现在分词为dipping。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dip"
 },
 {
  "w": "archaeologist",
  "uk": "/ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒɪst/",
  "us": "/ˌɑːrkiˈɑːlədʒɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "考古学家",
    "en": "someone who studies past societies through objects and physical remains"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The archaeologist gently brushed soil from a clay bowl.",
    "zh": "考古学家轻轻刷去陶碗上的泥土。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An archaeologist can reveal how ancient communities adapted to environmental change by examining tools and settlement patterns.",
    "zh": "考古学家可以通过研究工具和聚落分布，揭示古代群体如何适应环境变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a team of archaeologists｜一队考古学家",
   "a leading archaeologist｜杰出的考古学家",
   "a field archaeologist｜田野考古学家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "archaeology (n.)",
   "archaeological (adj.)",
   "archaeologically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "考古研究人类遗存；研究恐龙的通常是古生物学家。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "archaeologist"
 },
 {
  "w": "republic",
  "uk": "/rɪˈpʌblɪk/",
  "us": "/rɪˈpʌblɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "共和国；共和政体",
    "en": "A country whose head of state is not a monarch."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher explained how the country became a republic.",
    "zh": "老师讲解了这个国家如何成为共和国。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In a republic, constitutional rules usually define the powers of the head of state and other public institutions.",
    "zh": "在共和国中，宪法规则通常规定国家元首及其他公共机构的权力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "become a republic｜成为共和国",
   "establish a republic｜建立共和国",
   "a parliamentary republic｜议会制共和国"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "republican (adj.)",
   "republicanism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "monarchy"
  ],
  "tip": "共和国没有君主，但并不必然实行民主制度。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "republic"
 },
 {
  "w": "chairman",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃeəmən/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃermən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "主席；董事长；会议主持人",
    "en": "a person, usually a man, who leads a meeting or organisation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The chairman welcomed everyone and opened the meeting.",
    "zh": "主席欢迎大家到场，并宣布会议开始。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The chairman of the committee urged members to consider how the proposed policy would affect rural communities.",
    "zh": "委员会主席敦促成员考虑拟议政策会对农村社区产生怎样的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chairman of the board｜董事长",
   "committee chairman｜委员会主席",
   "appoint a chairman｜任命主席"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chair (n.)",
   "chairperson (n.)",
   "chairmanship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "chairperson",
   "chair"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "性别中性的表达可用chair或chairperson。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chairman"
 },
 {
  "w": "donation",
  "uk": "/dəʊˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/doʊˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "捐赠；捐赠物",
    "en": "Money or goods given to help a person or organisation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We made a small donation to the animal shelter.",
    "zh": "我们向动物收容所捐了一小笔钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular donations from local businesses enable the charity to provide free meals for vulnerable residents.",
    "zh": "当地企业的定期捐赠使这家慈善机构能够为弱势居民提供免费餐食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a donation｜捐款；捐赠",
   "generous donation｜慷慨的捐赠",
   "blood donation｜献血"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "donate (v.)",
   "donor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "contribution"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用make a donation to，表示向某方捐赠。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "donation"
 },
 {
  "w": "settlement",
  "uk": "/ˈsetlmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈsetlmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "和解；解决协议",
    "en": "An agreement that ends a dispute."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "定居点；聚居地",
    "en": "A place where people establish a community."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结算；清偿",
    "en": "The payment of money owed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The neighbours finally reached a settlement over the damaged fence.",
    "zh": "邻居们终于就受损围栏的问题达成了和解。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ancient settlements often developed near rivers because reliable water supplies supported farming, trade, and daily life.",
    "zh": "古代聚居地往往形成于河流附近，因为可靠的水源能支持农业、贸易和日常生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reach a settlement｜达成和解",
   "a peace settlement｜和平协议",
   "a rural settlement｜乡村聚居地",
   "settlement of debts｜债务清偿"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "settle (v.)",
   "settler (n.)",
   "settled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "agreement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指争议的解决协议，也可指人们居住的定居点。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "settlement"
 },
 {
  "w": "bullying",
  "uk": "/ˈbʊliɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈbʊliɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "霸凌；欺凌行为",
    "en": "Repeated behaviour intended to hurt, frighten, or control someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "欺负；恐吓",
    "en": "Repeatedly hurting or frightening someone with less power"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She reported the bullying to her teacher after lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭后，她向老师报告了遭受欺凌的事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should address bullying through clear reporting procedures and consistent support for affected students.",
    "zh": "学校应通过明确的举报程序和持续的受害学生支持措施来应对霸凌。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "school bullying｜校园霸凌",
   "online bullying｜网络霸凌",
   "prevent bullying｜预防霸凌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bully (v.)",
   "bully (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词通常不可数；也可作bully的现在分词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bullying"
 },
 {
  "w": "exaggerated",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzædʒəreɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzædʒəreɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "夸大的；言过其实的",
    "en": "Presented as greater, worse, or more important than it really is"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "刻意夸张的",
    "en": "Made unusually large or noticeable for emphasis or effect"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His exaggerated story made the small spider sound enormous.",
    "zh": "他把故事说得很夸张，让那只小蜘蛛听起来大得吓人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Exaggerated claims in advertising can mislead consumers and reduce public trust in businesses over time.",
    "zh": "广告中夸大的宣传可能误导消费者，并逐渐削弱公众对企业的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exaggerated claims｜夸大的说法",
   "greatly exaggerated｜大大夸大的",
   "exaggerated gestures｜夸张的手势"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exaggerate (v.)",
   "exaggeration (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "overstated",
   "inflated"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "understated"
  ],
  "tip": "形容说法或表现被夸大；不要与“准确的”混用。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exaggerated"
 },
 {
  "w": "evenly",
  "uk": "/ˈiːvənli/",
  "us": "/ˈiːvənli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "均匀地；平均地",
    "en": "In equal amounts or with equal spaces between things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "平静地；平稳地",
    "en": "In a calm, steady way without noticeable changes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Spread the butter evenly over each slice of bread.",
    "zh": "把黄油均匀地涂在每片面包上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public investment should be distributed more evenly across regions to reduce inequalities in access to essential services.",
    "zh": "公共投资应更均衡地分配到各地区，以减少基本服务获取方面的不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "evenly distributed｜均匀分布的",
   "evenly spaced｜间距相等的",
   "divide evenly｜平均分配",
   "speak evenly｜平静地说话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "even (adj.)",
   "uneven (adj.)",
   "unevenly (adv.)",
   "evenness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "uniformly",
   "equally"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unevenly"
  ],
  "tip": "强调数量或间距均等；不等于表示始终如一的consistently。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "evenly"
 },
 {
  "w": "invader",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈveɪdə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈveɪdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "入侵者；侵略者",
    "en": "a person or force entering a place without permission"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "入侵物种",
    "en": "an organism spreading into an area and threatening native life"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The castle walls once protected villagers from invaders.",
    "zh": "这些城堡围墙曾保护村民免遭入侵者袭击。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Biological invaders can disrupt local ecosystems by competing with native species for food, space, and other resources.",
    "zh": "生物入侵者会与本地物种争夺食物、空间及其他资源，从而扰乱当地生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "foreign invaders｜外国侵略者",
   "repel invaders｜击退入侵者",
   "biological invader｜生物入侵者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "invade (v.)",
   "invasion (n.)",
   "invasive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "intruder"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "defender"
  ],
  "tip": "invader指入侵者；invasion指入侵这一行为。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "invader"
 },
 {
  "w": "interest-free",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntrəst ˈfriː/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntrəst ˈfriː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "免息的；无息的",
    "en": "Requiring no interest payments on borrowed money."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought our sofa with an interest-free loan.",
    "zh": "我们用一笔免息贷款买了沙发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Interest-free loans can help students cover living expenses without increasing their financial burden through interest charges.",
    "zh": "免息贷款可以帮助学生支付生活开支，而不会因利息费用增加他们的经济负担。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "interest-free loan｜免息贷款",
   "interest-free credit｜免息信贷",
   "interest-free period｜免息期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "interest (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "免息不等于免费：本金仍须偿还。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "interest-free"
 },
 {
  "w": "invisible",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvɪzəbl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvɪzəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "看不见的；隐形的",
    "en": "Impossible to see."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不被注意的；被忽视的",
    "en": "Not noticed or acknowledged by other people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The thin fishing line was almost invisible underwater.",
    "zh": "那根细鱼线在水下几乎看不见。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although many air pollutants are invisible, prolonged exposure can seriously damage respiratory health, particularly among children.",
    "zh": "尽管许多空气污染物看不见，长期接触仍可能严重损害呼吸系统健康，儿童尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "invisible to the naked eye｜肉眼看不见的",
   "almost invisible｜几乎看不见的",
   "remain invisible｜仍不被看见"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "visibility (n.)",
   "invisibility (n.)",
   "visible (adj.)",
   "invisibly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unseen"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "visible"
  ],
  "tip": "invisible指看不见；与看不懂的incomprehensible不同。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "invisible"
 },
 {
  "w": "specialty",
  "uk": "/ˈspeʃəlti/",
  "us": "/ˈspeʃəlti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专长；专业领域",
    "en": "a subject or activity someone has particular knowledge or skill in"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "特色食品；特产",
    "en": "a food or product a person or place is known for"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Baking fruit pies has always been my grandmother's specialty.",
    "zh": "烤水果派一直是我祖母的拿手活。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing a medical specialty requires students to consider their interests alongside the healthcare needs of the wider population.",
    "zh": "选择医学专科要求学生兼顾自身兴趣与广大民众的医疗需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "medical specialty｜医学专科",
   "local specialty｜地方特产",
   "house specialty｜本店招牌菜",
   "area of specialty｜专长领域"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "special (adj.)",
   "specialist (n.)",
   "specialise (v.)",
   "specialisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "specialism"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常用specialty；英式也常用speciality。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "specialty"
 },
 {
  "w": "grand",
  "uk": "/ɡrænd/",
  "us": "/ɡrænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "宏伟的；豪华的",
    "en": "Large, impressive, or splendid in appearance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "宏大的；重大的",
    "en": "Ambitious in scale or important in purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；令人愉快的",
    "en": "Very good or enjoyable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We climbed the grand staircase beneath a sparkling chandelier.",
    "zh": "我们沿着闪亮吊灯下的豪华楼梯走了上去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving grand public buildings can strengthen local identity, although maintenance often requires substantial government funding.",
    "zh": "保护宏伟的公共建筑可以增强地方认同感，但维护往往需要大量政府资金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a grand staircase｜豪华的大楼梯",
   "a grand plan｜宏大的计划",
   "a grand opening｜隆重的开幕式",
   "the grand total｜总计"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grandly (adv.)",
   "grandeur (n.)",
   "grandness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "magnificent",
   "impressive",
   "splendid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "modest"
  ],
  "tip": "grand total指全部加起来的总数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grand"
 },
 {
  "w": "pamphlet",
  "uk": "/ˈpæmflət/",
  "us": "/ˈpæmflət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小册子；宣传册",
    "en": "A thin booklet giving information or arguments about a subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse handed me a pamphlet about healthy eating.",
    "zh": "护士递给我一本关于健康饮食的小册子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health pamphlets should use clear language and illustrations to explain preventive measures to a broad audience.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传册应使用清晰的语言和插图，向广大受众解释预防措施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an information pamphlet｜信息手册",
   "distribute pamphlets｜分发小册子",
   "a pamphlet on health｜健康宣传册"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pamphleteer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "booklet",
   "brochure"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指介绍专题的薄册子，比普通书籍篇幅短。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pamphlet"
 },
 {
  "w": "database",
  "uk": "/ˈdeɪtəbeɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈdeɪtəbeɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "数据库；资料库",
    "en": "An organized collection of information stored and accessed electronically."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The library database helped me find a gardening book.",
    "zh": "图书馆的数据库帮我找到了一本园艺书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hospitals need secure databases to protect patient records while allowing doctors to access essential information.",
    "zh": "医院需要安全的数据库来保护病历，同时让医生能够获取必要信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "search a database｜检索数据库",
   "update a database｜更新数据库",
   "customer database｜客户数据库"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；在数据库中通常用 in a database。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "database"
 },
 {
  "w": "depress",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpres/",
  "us": "/dɪˈpres/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使沮丧；使消沉",
    "en": "To make someone feel unhappy and without hope."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使降低；使萧条",
    "en": "To reduce an amount, value, or level of activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "按下；压下",
    "en": "To push something down."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Days of grey skies and constant rain depress me.",
    "zh": "连日灰暗的天空和不停的雨让我感到沮丧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High borrowing costs can depress consumer spending, making it harder for small businesses to survive.",
    "zh": "高昂的借贷成本会抑制消费支出，使小企业更难生存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "depress demand｜抑制需求",
   "depress prices｜压低价格",
   "depress a pedal｜踩下踏板"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "depressed (adj.)",
   "depressing (adj.)",
   "depression (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sadden",
   "discourage",
   "lower"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cheer",
   "raise"
  ],
  "tip": "depressed形容人感到沮丧，depressing形容事物令人沮丧。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "depress"
 },
 {
  "w": "lobby",
  "uk": "/ˈlɒbi/",
  "us": "/ˈlɑːbi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "门厅；大厅",
    "en": "An entrance area inside a hotel or other large building."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "游说；向决策者施压",
    "en": "Try to persuade officials to support a policy or decision."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "游说团体",
    "en": "A group trying to influence public policy on particular issues."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'll wait in the lobby while you collect your suitcase.",
    "zh": "你去拿行李箱，我在大厅等你。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental groups lobby governments to introduce stricter controls on industrial pollution and protect vulnerable ecosystems.",
    "zh": "环保团体游说政府加强工业污染管控，保护脆弱的生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hotel lobby｜酒店大厅",
   "lobby for reform｜游说推动改革",
   "lobby against a proposal｜游说反对提案",
   "the business lobby｜商业游说团体"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lobbyist (n.)",
   "lobbying (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "游说支持用lobby for，反对用lobby against。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lobby"
 },
 {
  "w": "processing",
  "uk": "/ˈprəʊsesɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːsesɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "加工；处理",
    "en": "preparing or changing materials through a series of operations"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "数据处理",
    "en": "using a computer to organise, change, or analyse information"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These apples are ready for processing into juice.",
    "zh": "这些苹果已准备好加工成果汁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern food processing can extend shelf life, although some methods reduce the nutritional value of fresh ingredients.",
    "zh": "现代食品加工可以延长保质期，不过某些方法会降低新鲜食材的营养价值。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "food processing｜食品加工",
   "data processing｜数据处理",
   "processing plant｜加工厂",
   "processing time｜处理时间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "process (v.)",
   "process (n.)",
   "processor (n.)",
   "processed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；processing plant指加工厂。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "processing"
 },
 {
  "w": "massive",
  "uk": "/ˈmæsɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈmæsɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巨大的；厚重的",
    "en": "Extremely large, heavy, or solid."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大量的；程度极大的",
    "en": "Extremely great in amount, extent, or degree."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A massive oak tree shades our entire garden.",
    "zh": "一棵巨大的橡树为我们整个花园遮阴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The transition to renewable energy requires massive investment in infrastructure and training for workers.",
    "zh": "向可再生能源转型需要在基础设施和工人培训方面投入大量资金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "massive investment｜巨额投资",
   "massive increase｜大幅增长",
   "massive stone walls｜厚重的石墙",
   "massive impact｜巨大影响"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "massively (adv.)",
   "massiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "huge",
   "enormous",
   "immense"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tiny"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容体积巨大，也可形容投入或变化程度极大。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "massive"
 },
 {
  "w": "stall",
  "uk": "/stɔːl/",
  "us": "/stɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "货摊；摊位",
    "en": "A small stand or space where goods are sold."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使停滞；拖延",
    "en": "To stop progress or deliberately delay action."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使熄火；熄火",
    "en": "For an engine to stop unexpectedly, or cause this."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought fresh peaches from a small roadside stall.",
    "zh": "我们在路边的一个小摊买了新鲜桃子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Negotiations may stall if governments cannot agree on how to share the costs of reducing emissions.",
    "zh": "如果各国政府无法就如何分担减排成本达成一致，谈判可能会陷入停滞。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "market stall｜市场摊位",
   "stall for time｜拖延时间",
   "stall an engine｜使发动机熄火"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stallholder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词可指发动机熄火，也可指谈判等陷入停滞。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stall"
 },
 {
  "w": "breeze",
  "uk": "/briːz/",
  "us": "/briːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "微风",
    "en": "A light, gentle wind"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轻而易举的事",
    "en": "Something that is very easy to do"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "轻松通过；轻快走动",
    "en": "Move or complete something easily and confidently"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A cool breeze lifted the curtains beside my bed.",
    "zh": "一阵凉风吹起了我床边的窗帘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal parks offer residents pleasant places to exercise while enjoying the fresh sea breeze.",
    "zh": "沿海公园为居民提供了宜人的锻炼场所，让他们同时享受清新的海风。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a gentle breeze｜轻柔的微风",
   "a sea breeze｜海风",
   "be a breeze｜轻而易举",
   "breeze through an exam｜轻松通过考试"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "breezy (adj.)",
   "breezily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be a breeze是口语，表示“轻而易举”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "breeze"
 },
 {
  "w": "appreciate",
  "uk": "/əˈpriːʃieɪt/",
  "us": "/əˈpriːʃieɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "感激",
    "en": "Feel grateful for something someone has done."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "欣赏；赏识",
    "en": "Recognise and enjoy the value or quality of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "理解；意识到",
    "en": "Understand the importance or difficulty of a situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I really appreciate you watering my plants while I was away.",
    "zh": "非常感谢你在我不在的时候帮忙给植物浇水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policymakers need to appreciate the difficulties rural communities face when accessing healthcare and other essential services.",
    "zh": "政策制定者需要理解农村社区在获取医疗及其他基本服务时面临的困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "greatly appreciate｜非常感激",
   "appreciate your help｜感谢你的帮助",
   "appreciate the importance of｜认识到……的重要性",
   "appreciate art｜欣赏艺术"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "appreciation (n.)",
   "appreciative (adj.)",
   "appreciatively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "value",
   "recognise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可接名词或动名词，不接to do；感谢帮助用appreciate your help。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "appreciate"
 },
 {
  "w": "formal",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːməl/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrməl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "正式的；官方的",
    "en": "Following established rules or officially recognised procedures."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "庄重的；拘谨的",
    "en": "Suitable for serious occasions rather than relaxed situations."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "正规的；系统的",
    "en": "Organised and structured, especially within an educational institution."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You need a formal invitation to attend the ceremony.",
    "zh": "你需要正式邀请才能出席典礼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Formal education provides essential knowledge, while practical experience helps students apply what they have learned.",
    "zh": "正规教育提供必备知识，而实践经验帮助学生运用所学内容。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "formal agreement｜正式协议",
   "formal complaint｜正式投诉",
   "formal education｜正规教育",
   "formal dress｜正装"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "formally (adv.)",
   "formality (n.)",
   "formalise (v.)",
   "informal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "official"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "informal",
   "casual"
  ],
  "tip": "formal不等于former：前者“正式的”，后者“以前的”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "formal"
 },
 {
  "w": "mitten",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪtən/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "连指手套",
    "en": "A glove with one section for fingers and another for the thumb."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She dropped a woollen mitten beside the snowy path.",
    "zh": "她把一只羊毛连指手套掉在了积雪的小路旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In cold climates, insulated mittens help outdoor workers maintain hand warmth during prolonged exposure to low temperatures.",
    "zh": "在寒冷地区，保温连指手套能帮助长时间处于低温环境的户外工作者保持双手温暖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of mittens｜一副连指手套",
   "woollen mittens｜羊毛连指手套",
   "insulated mittens｜保温连指手套"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "四指同套、拇指分开；不是通常的露指手套。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mitten"
 },
 {
  "w": "meditation",
  "uk": "/ˌmedɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌmedɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冥想；静坐",
    "en": "The practice of focusing attention to calm and train the mind."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "沉思；深思",
    "en": "Deep, careful thought about a particular subject."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Ten minutes of meditation helps me relax before bed.",
    "zh": "睡前冥想十分钟能帮助我放松。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some schools offer meditation sessions to help students manage stress and improve their ability to concentrate.",
    "zh": "一些学校开设冥想课程，帮助学生缓解压力并提高专注力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "practise meditation｜练习冥想",
   "mindfulness meditation｜正念冥想",
   "meditation session｜冥想练习时段",
   "deep meditation｜深度冥想；沉思"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "meditate (v.)",
   "meditative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指冥想练习时通常不可数；meditation on可指对某事的沉思。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meditation"
 },
 {
  "w": "plaster",
  "uk": "/ˈplɑːstə/",
  "us": "/ˈplæstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灰泥；石膏材料",
    "en": "a mixture that hardens, used for walls, ceilings, or casts"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "创可贴",
    "en": "a small sticky covering used to protect a minor wound"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抹灰泥；涂石膏",
    "en": "cover a surface with plaster"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Small pieces of plaster fell from the kitchen ceiling.",
    "zh": "小块灰泥从厨房天花板上掉了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring historic buildings often requires skilled workers who can repair damaged plaster without harming original decorative features.",
    "zh": "修复历史建筑往往需要熟练工人，他们能在不损坏原有装饰的情况下修补受损灰泥。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a coat of plaster｜一层灰泥",
   "plaster cast｜石膏固定模",
   "sticking plaster｜创可贴",
   "plaster a wall｜给墙抹灰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plasterer (n.)",
   "plastering (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表灰泥时通常不可数；英式英语中a plaster是创可贴。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plaster"
 },
 {
  "w": "spotlight",
  "uk": "/ˈspɒtlaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈspɑːtlaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "聚光灯；聚光灯光束",
    "en": "A lamp directing a strong beam onto a small area."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公众关注；关注焦点",
    "en": "Public attention directed towards a person or issue."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "突出呈现；使受到关注",
    "en": "To draw particular attention to someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A bright spotlight followed the dancer across the stage.",
    "zh": "一道明亮的聚光灯光束随着舞者移动，照遍舞台。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recent research has put urban air pollution in the spotlight, prompting calls for stricter vehicle regulations.",
    "zh": "近期研究使城市空气污染成为关注焦点，引发了加强车辆监管的呼声。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the spotlight｜处于公众关注之下",
   "put the spotlight on｜使成为关注焦点",
   "turn the spotlight on｜将注意力转向"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in the spotlight常比喻成为公众关注的焦点。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spotlight"
 },
 {
  "w": "dusk",
  "uk": "/dʌsk/",
  "us": "/dʌsk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "黄昏；薄暮",
    "en": "The time when daylight fades before night."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We reached the campsite at dusk and lit a lantern.",
    "zh": "我们在黄昏时到达营地，点亮了一盏灯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved street lighting can make public spaces safer for pedestrians who travel home after dusk.",
    "zh": "改善街道照明能让天黑后步行回家的人更安全地使用公共空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at dusk｜在黄昏",
   "from dawn to dusk｜从黎明到黄昏",
   "as dusk falls｜暮色降临时"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "twilight",
   "nightfall"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dawn"
  ],
  "tip": "在黄昏用at dusk；dawn表示黎明。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dusk"
 },
 {
  "w": "refreshing",
  "uk": "/rɪˈfreʃɪŋ/",
  "us": "/rɪˈfreʃɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "清爽提神的",
    "en": "making you feel cooler, less tired, or more energetic"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人耳目一新的",
    "en": "pleasantly different from what you usually experience"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A refreshing breeze blew through the open kitchen window.",
    "zh": "一阵清爽的微风从敞开的厨房窗户吹进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The documentary offers a refreshing perspective on how older people contribute to their local communities.",
    "zh": "这部纪录片以令人耳目一新的视角展现老年人如何为当地社区作出贡献。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "refreshing drink｜提神的饮品",
   "refreshing change｜令人耳目一新的变化",
   "refreshing breeze｜清爽的微风"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "refresh (v.)",
   "refreshed (adj.)",
   "refreshment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "invigorating",
   "revitalising"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "refreshing形容事物；refreshed形容人感到精神恢复。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "refreshing"
 },
 {
  "w": "uneasy",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈiːzi/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈiːzi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不安的；忧虑的",
    "en": "Feeling worried or uncomfortable about a situation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不稳定的；勉强维持的",
    "en": "Not fully settled, secure, or free from tension."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt uneasy walking through the empty station.",
    "zh": "走过空荡荡的车站时，我感到有些不安。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many residents remain uneasy about the proposed factory because its environmental effects have not been fully assessed.",
    "zh": "许多居民仍对拟建工厂感到不安，因为其环境影响尚未得到全面评估。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel uneasy｜感到不安",
   "uneasy about something｜对某事感到担忧",
   "an uneasy truce｜不稳固的停战",
   "an uneasy relationship｜紧张的关系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "unease (n.)",
   "uneasily (adv.)",
   "uneasiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "anxious",
   "unsettled"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "relaxed",
   "reassured"
  ],
  "tip": "uneasy意为不安，不是“不容易”；常接about。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "uneasy"
 },
 {
  "w": "advance",
  "uk": "/ədˈvɑːns/",
  "us": "/ədˈvæns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "进步；进展",
    "en": "An improvement or development in a particular field"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "前进；促进；推进",
    "en": "Move forward or help something develop"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "预先的；事先的",
    "en": "Done or provided before a particular time or event"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This new treatment is a major advance in medicine.",
    "zh": "这种新疗法是医学上的一大进步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in renewable energy technology could reduce dependence on fossil fuels and improve long-term energy security.",
    "zh": "可再生能源技术的进步可以减少对化石燃料的依赖，并改善长期能源安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a major advance｜重大进展",
   "in advance｜提前",
   "advance notice｜事先通知",
   "advance knowledge｜推动知识发展"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "advancement (n.)",
   "advanced (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "progress"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in advance表示提前；advanced表示先进的或高级的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "advance"
 },
 {
  "w": "independence",
  "uk": "/ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/",
  "us": "/ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自立；自主",
    "en": "The ability to live or act without relying on others."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "国家独立",
    "en": "A country's freedom from control by another country."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Learning to cook gave him a sense of independence.",
    "zh": "学会做饭让他有了自立的感觉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accessible housing can help older people maintain their independence while remaining connected to their local communities.",
    "zh": "无障碍住房可以帮助老年人保持独立生活，同时维系与当地社区的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "financial independence｜经济独立",
   "gain independence｜获得独立",
   "maintain independence｜保持自主",
   "independence from｜不受……支配"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "independent (adj)",
   "independently (adv)",
   "depend (v)",
   "dependence (n)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "autonomy",
   "self-reliance"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dependence"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；independence from表示不依赖或不受控制。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "independence"
 },
 {
  "w": "scorching",
  "uk": "/ˈskɔːtʃɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈskɔːrtʃɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "酷热的；灼热的",
    "en": "Extremely hot, especially when describing weather."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sheltered under a tree in the scorching heat.",
    "zh": "酷热中，我们躲到一棵树下乘凉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Increasingly frequent periods of scorching weather threaten crop yields and place additional pressure on water supplies.",
    "zh": "酷热天气越来越频繁，威胁作物产量，也给供水带来额外压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scorching heat｜酷热",
   "scorching hot｜热得灼人",
   "a scorching summer｜酷热的夏季"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scorch (v.)",
   "scorched (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sweltering",
   "blistering"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "freezing"
  ],
  "tip": "表示极热，常说scorching hot，一般不用very修饰。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scorching"
 },
 {
  "w": "liquor",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪkə/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪkər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烈酒",
    "en": "Strong alcoholic drink made by distillation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The restaurant keeps its liquor in a locked cabinet.",
    "zh": "这家餐厅把烈酒存放在上锁的柜子里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments often impose higher taxes on liquor to discourage excessive consumption and protect public health.",
    "zh": "政府常对烈酒征收较高税款，以抑制过量饮用并保护公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hard liquor｜烈酒",
   "liquor licence｜烈酒销售许可证",
   "liquor store｜酒类专卖店"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "spirits"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指烈酒；liqueur则指利口酒，注意拼写。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "liquor"
 },
 {
  "w": "selection",
  "uk": "/sɪˈlekʃən/",
  "us": "/sɪˈlekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "选择；挑选",
    "en": "The process of choosing someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可供挑选的一组物品",
    "en": "A range of things available to choose from"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "精选集；选出的事物",
    "en": "A group of things chosen from a larger collection"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This little bakery has a wonderful selection of fresh bread.",
    "zh": "这家小面包店有各种很棒的新鲜面包可供挑选。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Transparent selection procedures can help universities offer places fairly to applicants from a wide range of backgrounds.",
    "zh": "透明的选拔程序有助于大学公平地录取来自不同背景的申请者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "selection criteria｜选拔标准",
   "a wide selection of｜种类丰富的",
   "the selection process｜选拔过程",
   "natural selection｜自然选择"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "select (v.)",
   "selective (adj.)",
   "selectively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "choice",
   "assortment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示挑选过程时通常不可数；一组选项可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "selection"
 },
 {
  "w": "outwards",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊtwədz/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊtwɚdz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向外；朝外",
    "en": "Towards the outside or away from the centre"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The windows open outwards, so keep the balcony clear.",
    "zh": "窗户向外开，所以请保持阳台通畅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As cities expand outwards, surrounding farmland often disappears, creating concerns about food security and habitat loss.",
    "zh": "随着城市向外扩张，周边农田往往逐渐消失，引发人们对粮食安全和栖息地流失的担忧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "open outwards｜向外打开",
   "spread outwards｜向外扩散",
   "face outwards｜面朝外",
   "expand outwards｜向外扩张"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "outward (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "outward"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inwards"
  ],
  "tip": "outwards 是副词；作定语需用 outward。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outwards"
 },
 {
  "w": "estimation",
  "uk": "/ˌestɪˈmeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌestəˈmeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "估算；估计",
    "en": "The process of judging an approximate amount, size, or value."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "评价；看法",
    "en": "An opinion about someone's character or something's value."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "By my estimation, we need three more chairs.",
    "zh": "据我估计，我们还需要三把椅子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accurate estimation of construction costs helps local authorities avoid wasting public funds on unfinished projects.",
    "zh": "准确估算建筑成本有助于地方政府避免将公共资金浪费在未完工的项目上。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cost estimation｜成本估算",
   "rough estimation｜粗略估计",
   "in my estimation｜在我看来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "estimate (v.)",
   "estimate (n.)",
   "estimated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assessment",
   "approximation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "estimation常指估算过程；具体估价常用estimate。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "estimation"
 },
 {
  "w": "tobacco",
  "uk": "/təˈbækəʊ/",
  "us": "/təˈbækoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烟草；烟叶",
    "en": "A plant whose dried leaves are used to make smoking products"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer hung tobacco leaves inside a wooden barn.",
    "zh": "农民把烟叶挂在木制谷仓里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Higher taxes on tobacco products can discourage smoking and generate revenue for public health programmes.",
    "zh": "提高烟草制品税可以抑制吸烟，并为公共卫生项目筹集资金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tobacco products｜烟草制品",
   "tobacco industry｜烟草业",
   "tobacco farming｜烟草种植",
   "tobacco control｜烟草控制"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tobacconist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；一片烟叶用a tobacco leaf。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tobacco"
 },
 {
  "w": "panel",
  "uk": "/ˈpænəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpænəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专家组；评审小组",
    "en": "a group chosen to discuss, judge, or advise"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "镶板；嵌板",
    "en": "a flat piece forming part of a surface"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "控制面板；仪表盘",
    "en": "a surface containing controls or instruments"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The panel listened carefully as each student presented an idea.",
    "zh": "每位学生陈述想法时，评审小组都认真倾听。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An independent panel should assess the environmental impact of major construction projects before work begins.",
    "zh": "独立专家组应在重大建设项目开工前评估其环境影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a panel of experts｜专家小组",
   "a judging panel｜评审团",
   "control panel｜控制面板",
   "wooden panel｜木质镶板"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "panelling (n.)",
   "panellist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "专家组用a panel of experts；成员称panellist。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "panel"
 },
 {
  "w": "ceramic",
  "uk": "/səˈræmɪk/",
  "us": "/səˈræmɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "陶瓷的",
    "en": "Made from clay or similar materials hardened by heat."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陶瓷材料；陶瓷制品",
    "en": "A material hardened by heat, or an object made from it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She keeps fresh flowers in a blue ceramic vase.",
    "zh": "她把鲜花插在一个蓝色陶瓷花瓶里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ceramic tiles are widely used in public buildings because they are durable and relatively easy to clean.",
    "zh": "陶瓷砖耐用且较易清洁，因此广泛用于公共建筑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ceramic tiles｜陶瓷砖",
   "ceramic bowl｜陶瓷碗",
   "ceramic coating｜陶瓷涂层",
   "ceramic materials｜陶瓷材料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ceramics (n.)",
   "ceramist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ceramics可指陶瓷制品，也可指陶艺或陶瓷工艺。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ceramic"
 },
 {
  "w": "insignificant",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "微不足道的；不重要的",
    "en": "Too small or unimportant to have much effect."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The scratch is insignificant compared with the broken window.",
    "zh": "与破碎的窗户相比，这道划痕微不足道。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although individual savings may seem insignificant, widespread reductions in energy use can produce substantial environmental benefits.",
    "zh": "虽然个人节省的能源可能看似微不足道，但大范围降低能耗能够带来显著的环境效益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an insignificant amount｜微不足道的量",
   "seem insignificant｜显得微不足道",
   "statistically insignificant｜统计上不显著的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "significant (adj.)",
   "insignificance (n.)",
   "insignificantly (adv.)",
   "significance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "negligible",
   "trivial",
   "minor"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "significant",
   "important"
  ],
  "tip": "强调不重要或影响小，不等同于meaningless。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "insignificant"
 },
 {
  "w": "bless",
  "uk": "/bles/",
  "us": "/bles/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为…祈福；祝福",
    "en": "To ask for divine protection or favour for someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使有幸拥有",
    "en": "To give someone something good or fortunate."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The priest paused to bless the family before their journey.",
    "zh": "神父停下来，为即将出行的一家人祈福。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regions blessed with abundant sunshine can develop solar energy to meet a growing share of their electricity needs.",
    "zh": "日照充足的地区可发展太阳能，以满足日益增长的电力需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bless someone｜为某人祈福",
   "be blessed with｜有幸拥有",
   "bless you｜愿你安好"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blessing (n.)",
   "blessed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "curse"
  ],
  "tip": "be blessed with表示有幸拥有某种优点或资源。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bless"
 },
 {
  "w": "tragedy",
  "uk": "/ˈtrædʒədi/",
  "us": "/ˈtrædʒədi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "惨剧；灾难；不幸事件",
    "en": "An event causing great suffering, sadness, or loss."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "悲剧；悲剧作品",
    "en": "A serious play or story ending in suffering or death."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The whole village came together after the tragedy.",
    "zh": "惨剧发生后，全村人团结起来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved road design and stricter safety regulations can help prevent the tragedy of avoidable traffic deaths.",
    "zh": "改进道路设计并加强安全规定，有助于防止本可避免的交通死亡悲剧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a terrible tragedy｜可怕的惨剧",
   "prevent a tragedy｜防止悲剧",
   "tragedy strikes｜灾难降临",
   "classical tragedy｜古典悲剧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tragic (adj.)",
   "tragically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disaster",
   "catastrophe"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "comedy"
  ],
  "tip": "既指现实中的惨事，也指文学悲剧；后者与comedy相对。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tragedy"
 },
 {
  "w": "assembly",
  "uk": "/əˈsembli/",
  "us": "/əˈsembli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "集会；集合",
    "en": "A gathering of people for a shared purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "装配；组装",
    "en": "The process of joining parts to make something complete."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "议会；立法机构",
    "en": "A group elected to discuss public matters and make laws."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The whole school gathered in the hall for assembly.",
    "zh": "全校师生聚在礼堂里参加集会。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Automation has reduced the time required for vehicle assembly, although skilled workers remain essential for quality control.",
    "zh": "自动化缩短了汽车组装所需的时间，但质量控制仍离不开技术工人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "school assembly｜学校集会",
   "assembly line｜装配流水线",
   "legislative assembly｜立法议会",
   "freedom of assembly｜集会自由"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assemble (v.)",
   "disassemble (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gathering"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "集会义通常可数；组装义通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assembly"
 },
 {
  "w": "discourage",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈkɜːrɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "劝阻；阻碍",
    "en": "Make someone less willing or likely to do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使气馁",
    "en": "Make someone lose confidence or hope"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy rain did not discourage us from walking outside.",
    "zh": "大雨并没有让我们放弃出门散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Higher parking charges may discourage commuters from driving into city centres during peak hours.",
    "zh": "提高停车费可能会减少通勤者在高峰时段开车进入市中心的意愿。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "discourage someone from doing something｜劝阻某人做某事",
   "discourage car use｜减少汽车使用意愿",
   "feel discouraged｜感到气馁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "discouragement (n.)",
   "discouraging (adj.)",
   "discouraged (adj.)",
   "encourage (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deter",
   "dissuade"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "encourage"
  ],
  "tip": "用discourage sb from doing，不用from to do。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "discourage"
 },
 {
  "w": "resemblance",
  "uk": "/rɪˈzembləns/",
  "us": "/rɪˈzembləns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "相似；相似之处",
    "en": "similarity between people or things, especially in appearance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a striking resemblance between the two sisters.",
    "zh": "这两姐妹长得非常像。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern housing developments often bear little resemblance to traditional neighbourhoods, particularly in their layout and use of shared space.",
    "zh": "现代住宅开发项目往往与传统街区大不相同，尤其是在布局和公共空间的使用方面。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bear a resemblance to｜与…相似",
   "a striking resemblance｜惊人的相似",
   "a family resemblance｜家族成员间的相像"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "resemble (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "similarity",
   "likeness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dissimilarity"
  ],
  "tip": "resemblance to后接比较对象；resemble直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resemblance"
 },
 {
  "w": "spark",
  "uk": "/spɑːk/",
  "us": "/spɑːrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "火花；电火花",
    "en": "A tiny burning particle or a brief flash of electricity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "引发；激起",
    "en": "To cause something to begin or develop suddenly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一丝；触发因素",
    "en": "A small amount of a quality, or something initiating change."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiny spark flew out of the fireplace.",
    "zh": "壁炉里飞出了一颗小火星。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public libraries can spark interest in reading and provide valuable learning opportunities for disadvantaged children.",
    "zh": "对公共图书馆的投资可以激发阅读兴趣，并为弱势儿童提供宝贵的学习机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spark a debate｜引发讨论",
   "spark interest｜激发兴趣",
   "a spark of hope｜一丝希望",
   "electrical spark｜电火花"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词可直接接interest、debate等，表示“引发”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spark"
 },
 {
  "w": "soar",
  "uk": "/sɔː/",
  "us": "/sɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "急剧上升",
    "en": "to increase quickly to a very high level"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "高飞；翱翔",
    "en": "to fly high in the air, often without moving wings"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Electricity bills soared during the unusually cold winter.",
    "zh": "在那个异常寒冷的冬天，电费猛涨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Housing prices may soar when population growth exceeds the supply of affordable homes in major cities.",
    "zh": "当人口增长超过大城市经济适用住房的供应能力时，房价可能飙升。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "soaring prices｜飞涨的价格",
   "soar above｜在……上空翱翔",
   "soar to record levels｜飙升至创纪录水平"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "soaring (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rocket",
   "surge"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "plummet"
  ],
  "tip": "表示价格等猛涨时为不及物动词，不直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "soar"
 },
 {
  "w": "firewood",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪəwʊd/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪərwʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "柴火；木柴",
    "en": "Wood collected or cut for burning as fuel."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stacked dry firewood beside the stove before dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭前，我们把干柴堆在了炉子旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In some rural communities, dependence on firewood for cooking can contribute to deforestation and indoor air pollution.",
    "zh": "在一些农村社区，依赖柴火做饭可能加剧森林砍伐和室内空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "collect firewood｜拾柴",
   "chop firewood｜劈柴",
   "a bundle of firewood｜一捆柴火"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；一块木柴可说a piece of firewood。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "firewood"
 },
 {
  "w": "congestion",
  "uk": "/kənˈdʒestʃən/",
  "us": "/kənˈdʒestʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "交通拥堵；拥塞",
    "en": "a situation where overcrowding prevents easy movement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鼻塞；充血",
    "en": "a blockage caused by excess mucus or blood"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We left early to avoid congestion near the bridge.",
    "zh": "我们早早出发，以避开桥附近的拥堵。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in reliable public transport can ease traffic congestion while reducing air pollution in major cities.",
    "zh": "投资建设可靠的公共交通可以缓解交通拥堵，同时减少大城市的空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "traffic congestion｜交通拥堵",
   "ease congestion｜缓解拥堵",
   "nasal congestion｜鼻塞"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "congested (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；traffic congestion指交通拥堵。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "congestion"
 },
 {
  "w": "impulse",
  "uk": "/ˈɪmpʌls/",
  "us": "/ˈɪmpʌls/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冲动；一时的念头",
    "en": "A sudden strong desire to act without thinking carefully."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脉冲；神经冲动",
    "en": "A brief electrical signal travelling through a nerve or circuit."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推动力；刺激",
    "en": "Something that encourages an activity or development."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I bought this bright yellow umbrella on impulse.",
    "zh": "我一时冲动买了这把亮黄色的伞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online retailers often encourage consumers to act on impulse by presenting discounts as available for a limited time.",
    "zh": "网络零售商常将折扣设为限时优惠，以此促使消费者冲动购物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on impulse｜一时冲动",
   "resist the impulse to｜克制做……的冲动",
   "nerve impulses｜神经冲动",
   "impulse buying｜冲动购物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "impulsive (adj.)",
   "impulsively (adv.)",
   "impulsiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "urge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on impulse表示一时冲动；后接动作常用impulse to do。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "impulse"
 },
 {
  "w": "handbook",
  "uk": "/ˈhændbʊk/",
  "us": "/ˈhændbʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手册；指南",
    "en": "A book giving practical information or instructions about a subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I checked the gardening handbook before pruning the rose.",
    "zh": "修剪玫瑰之前，我查阅了园艺手册。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A comprehensive employee handbook helps new staff understand workplace procedures and reduces confusion about their responsibilities.",
    "zh": "一本全面的员工手册有助于新员工了解工作流程，减少他们对自身职责的困惑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "employee handbook｜员工手册",
   "student handbook｜学生手册",
   "practical handbook｜实用手册"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "manual",
   "guide"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指便于查阅的实用指南，不是普通课本。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "handbook"
 },
 {
  "w": "off-duty",
  "uk": "/ˌɒf ˈdjuːti/",
  "us": "/ˌɔːf ˈduːti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不当班的；下班的",
    "en": "not working during a particular period"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An off-duty nurse helped when my grandfather fell.",
    "zh": "我爷爷摔倒时，一位不当班的护士帮了忙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing comfortable accommodation allows off-duty staff to rest properly, improving their performance during subsequent shifts.",
    "zh": "提供舒适的住宿能让下班的员工充分休息，从而改善他们下一班的工作表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "off-duty staff｜不当班的员工",
   "an off-duty nurse｜不当班的护士",
   "off-duty hours｜非工作时间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "duty (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "on-duty"
  ],
  "tip": "名词前用off-duty；作表语通常写off duty。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "off-duty"
 },
 {
  "w": "accurate",
  "uk": "/ˈækjərət/",
  "us": "/ˈækjərət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "准确的；精确的",
    "en": "correct and free from mistakes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "精准的；命中目标的",
    "en": "able to hit or reach the intended target"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This kitchen scale is accurate enough for baking bread.",
    "zh": "这台厨房秤的精度足以用来做面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accurate information about air quality enables residents to make informed decisions about outdoor exercise.",
    "zh": "准确的空气质量信息能帮助居民在充分知情的情况下决定是否进行户外锻炼。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "accurate information｜准确信息",
   "accurate measurements｜精确测量",
   "highly accurate｜高度精确的",
   "an accurate prediction｜准确的预测"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accuracy (n.)",
   "accurately (adv.)",
   "inaccurate (adj.)",
   "inaccuracy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "correct",
   "precise"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inaccurate",
   "incorrect"
  ],
  "tip": "accurate强调准确无误；precise更强调细节精确。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accurate"
 },
 {
  "w": "considerable",
  "uk": "/kənˈsɪdərəbl/",
  "us": "/kənˈsɪdərəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相当大的；相当多的",
    "en": "Large in amount, size, or degree."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Repairing the roof took considerable time and effort.",
    "zh": "修理屋顶花了相当多的时间和精力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding public transport requires considerable investment, but it can reduce congestion and improve urban air quality.",
    "zh": "扩大公共交通需要大量投资，但可以缓解拥堵并改善城市空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "considerable amount｜相当大的量",
   "considerable effort｜相当大的努力",
   "considerable impact｜相当大的影响",
   "considerable progress｜长足进步"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "considerably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "substantial",
   "significant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "negligible"
  ],
  "tip": "considerable指数量或程度大；considerate指体贴的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "considerable"
 },
 {
  "w": "respectful",
  "uk": "/rɪˈspektfəl/",
  "us": "/rɪˈspektfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "尊重他人的；恭敬的",
    "en": "showing politeness and consideration towards someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children remained respectful while their grandmother was speaking.",
    "zh": "祖母讲话时，孩子们始终表现得很恭敬。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Respectful discussion enables students to consider opposing views without allowing disagreement to damage their relationships.",
    "zh": "相互尊重的讨论使学生能够考虑不同观点，而不让分歧损害彼此的关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "respectful attitude｜尊重他人的态度",
   "respectful of others｜尊重他人",
   "respectful silence｜恭敬的静默"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "respect (n.)",
   "respectfully (adv.)",
   "disrespectful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "courteous",
   "polite"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disrespectful",
   "rude"
  ],
  "tip": "respectful尊重他人的；respectable值得尊敬的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "respectful"
 },
 {
  "w": "nuclear",
  "uk": "/ˈnjuːkliə/",
  "us": "/ˈnuːkliər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "核能的；原子核的",
    "en": "Relating to atomic nuclei or the energy they release."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "细胞核的",
    "en": "Relating to the nucleus of a cell."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin works at a nearby nuclear power station.",
    "zh": "我表亲在附近的一座核电站工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Nuclear energy can provide reliable electricity, but managing radioactive waste remains a major challenge.",
    "zh": "核能可以提供可靠的电力，但处理放射性废物仍是一大挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nuclear energy｜核能",
   "nuclear power station｜核电站",
   "nuclear waste｜核废料",
   "nuclear weapons｜核武器"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nucleus (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nuclear可指原子核或细胞核，依语境判断。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nuclear"
 },
 {
  "w": "regulation",
  "uk": "/ˌreɡjəˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌreɡjəˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "规章；条例",
    "en": "An official rule controlling how something must be done."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "监管；调节",
    "en": "The process of controlling an activity or maintaining a condition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Safety regulations require everyone here to wear a helmet.",
    "zh": "安全规定要求这里的每个人都戴头盔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stricter regulation of industrial waste could reduce water pollution and improve public health in nearby communities.",
    "zh": "加强对工业废物的监管可以减少水污染，并改善附近社区的公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "safety regulations｜安全规定",
   "comply with regulations｜遵守规定",
   "government regulation｜政府监管",
   "temperature regulation｜温度调节"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "regulate (v.)",
   "regulatory (adj.)",
   "regulator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "具体条例可数；表示监管这一过程时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "regulation"
 },
 {
  "w": "elegant",
  "uk": "/ˈelɪɡənt/",
  "us": "/ˈelɪɡənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "优雅的；雅致的",
    "en": "attractive and graceful in appearance or style"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "简洁巧妙的",
    "en": "simple and effective in solving a problem"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wore an elegant blue dress to dinner.",
    "zh": "她穿着一条优雅的蓝色连衣裙去赴晚宴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The architect proposed an elegant solution that improved ventilation without increasing the building's energy consumption.",
    "zh": "建筑师提出了一个简洁巧妙的方案，在不增加建筑能耗的情况下改善通风。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "elegant design｜雅致的设计",
   "elegant solution｜简洁巧妙的解决方案",
   "elegant dress｜优雅的连衣裙"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "elegance (n.)",
   "elegantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "graceful",
   "stylish"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inelegant"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容外观优雅，也可形容方案简洁巧妙。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elegant"
 },
 {
  "w": "shield",
  "uk": "/ʃiːld/",
  "us": "/ʃiːld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盾；防护物",
    "en": "An object that protects someone or something from harm."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "保护；遮挡",
    "en": "To protect someone or something from harm or exposure."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The worker lowered a clear shield over her face.",
    "zh": "这名工人放下透明面罩，护住脸部。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban trees can shield pedestrians from intense sunlight while reducing temperatures in densely populated neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "城市树木能为行人遮挡强烈阳光，同时降低人口密集街区的温度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a face shield｜防护面罩",
   "a protective shield｜防护屏障",
   "shield someone from harm｜保护某人免受伤害"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shielding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "protect",
   "guard"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用shield someone from something。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shield"
 },
 {
  "w": "hint",
  "uk": "/hɪnt/",
  "us": "/hɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "暗示；提示",
    "en": "An indirect suggestion or clue that helps someone understand"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "暗示",
    "en": "To suggest something without stating it directly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "少许；微量",
    "en": "A very small amount or slight sign of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Give me a hint about where you hid the gift.",
    "zh": "给我一点提示吧，你把礼物藏在哪里了？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Survey responses hint at growing dissatisfaction with public transport, particularly among commuters living outside city centres.",
    "zh": "调查回复暗示，人们对公共交通的不满日益加深，住在市中心以外的通勤者尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "give someone a hint｜给某人提示",
   "take the hint｜领会暗示",
   "hint at something｜暗示某事",
   "a hint of lemon｜一丝柠檬味"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "clue",
   "suggestion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用hint at sth或hint that从句。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hint"
 },
 {
  "w": "alter",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːltə/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːltər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "改变；修改",
    "en": "To change, or make something different."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "改衣服",
    "en": "To change clothing so that it fits better."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you alter these trousers so they fit better?",
    "zh": "你能改一下这条裤子，让它更合身吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising temperatures may alter rainfall patterns and create serious challenges for farmers in dry regions.",
    "zh": "气温上升可能改变降雨模式，给干旱地区的农民带来严峻挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "alter plans｜更改计划",
   "alter significantly｜显著改变",
   "alter the appearance｜改变外观"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "alteration (n.)",
   "unaltered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "change",
   "modify"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可及物也可不及物；altar是“祭坛”，勿混。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alter"
 },
 {
  "w": "gambler",
  "uk": "/ˈɡæmblə/",
  "us": "/ˈɡæmblər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赌博者；赌徒",
    "en": "Someone who risks money on uncertain outcomes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冒险者",
    "en": "Someone willing to take risks for possible rewards"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The gambler left the table after losing his money.",
    "zh": "那个赌徒输掉钱后离开了赌桌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Support services can help a problem gambler regain financial stability and rebuild relationships with family members.",
    "zh": "支持服务可以帮助有赌博问题的人恢复财务稳定，并重建与家人的关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "problem gambler｜有赌博问题的人",
   "compulsive gambler｜嗜赌成瘾者",
   "professional gambler｜职业赌徒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gamble (v.)",
   "gambling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gamble是赌博或冒险；gambler指从事这种行为的人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gambler"
 },
 {
  "w": "anticlockwise",
  "uk": "/ˌæntiˈklɒkwaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˌæntiˈklɑːkwaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "逆时针地",
    "en": "In the opposite direction to the movement of clock hands"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "逆时针方向的",
    "en": "Moving opposite to the direction of clock hands"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Turn the lid anticlockwise to open the jar.",
    "zh": "逆时针拧盖子，就能打开罐子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In the experiment, participants rotated a handle anticlockwise while researchers measured changes in muscle activity.",
    "zh": "实验中，参与者逆时针转动把手，研究人员同时测量肌肉活动的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "turn anticlockwise｜逆时针转动",
   "rotate anticlockwise｜逆时针旋转",
   "an anticlockwise direction｜逆时针方向"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clockwise (adv.)",
   "clockwise (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "counterclockwise"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "clockwise"
  ],
  "tip": "英式常用anticlockwise，美式常用counterclockwise。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anticlockwise"
 },
 {
  "w": "congested",
  "uk": "/kənˈdʒestɪd/",
  "us": "/kənˈdʒestɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "拥挤的；堵塞的",
    "en": "Too crowded with traffic or people to allow easy movement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "鼻塞的；充血的",
    "en": "Blocked by too much mucus or blood."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The roads were so congested that we walked home.",
    "zh": "道路堵得厉害，我们便走路回家了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in reliable public transport can reduce traffic on congested roads and improve air quality in cities.",
    "zh": "投资建设可靠的公共交通可以减少拥堵道路上的车辆，并改善城市空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "congested roads｜拥堵的道路",
   "heavily congested｜严重拥堵的",
   "a congested city centre｜拥挤的市中心",
   "a congested nose｜堵塞的鼻子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "congest (v.)",
   "congestion (n.)",
   "decongestant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "crowded",
   "blocked",
   "clogged"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "clear"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容交通拥堵，也可形容鼻腔等堵塞。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "congested"
 },
 {
  "w": "ultimate",
  "uk": "/ˈʌltɪmət/",
  "us": "/ˈʌltɪmət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最终的；终极的",
    "en": "Being the final or most important aim or result."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最出色的；极致的",
    "en": "The best or most extreme example of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our ultimate goal is to buy a small house.",
    "zh": "我们的最终目标是买一栋小房子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The ultimate aim of public transport investment should be to provide affordable and reliable travel for everyone.",
    "zh": "公共交通投资的最终目标应是为所有人提供价格合理、可靠的出行服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ultimate goal｜最终目标",
   "ultimate responsibility｜最终责任",
   "the ultimate in comfort｜极致舒适"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ultimately (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "final"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ultimate强调最终目标或极致，不指最近一次。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ultimate"
 },
 {
  "w": "regulate",
  "uk": "/ˈreɡjuleɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈreɡjəleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "监管；管制",
    "en": "control an activity through rules or laws"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "调节；控制",
    "en": "adjust something to maintain a suitable level or rate"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small device helps regulate the temperature indoors.",
    "zh": "这个小装置有助于调节室内温度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should regulate industrial emissions to protect public health without placing unnecessary burdens on small businesses.",
    "zh": "政府应监管工业排放，在保护公众健康的同时，避免给小企业增加不必要的负担。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "regulate an industry｜监管一个行业",
   "regulate emissions｜管制排放",
   "regulate body temperature｜调节体温",
   "strictly regulated｜受到严格监管的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "regulation (n.)",
   "regulator (n.)",
   "regulatory (adj.)",
   "deregulate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "control",
   "govern"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接宾语；regulate temperature指调温。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "regulate"
 },
 {
  "w": "seldom",
  "uk": "/ˈseldəm/",
  "us": "/ˈseldəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "很少；不常",
    "en": "Not often; on very few occasions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We seldom eat out because we enjoy cooking together.",
    "zh": "我们很少外出吃饭，因为我们喜欢一起做饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rural communities seldom receive the same level of public transport investment as major urban centres.",
    "zh": "农村社区很少获得与主要城市中心同等水平的公共交通投资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "seldom seen｜很少见到的",
   "seldom used｜很少使用的",
   "seldom occur｜很少发生"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "rarely",
   "infrequently"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "often",
   "frequently"
  ],
  "tip": "通常放实义动词前、be动词后；置于句首常需倒装。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seldom"
 },
 {
  "w": "default",
  "uk": "/dɪˈfɔːlt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈfɔːlt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "默认设置；默认选项",
    "en": "a setting used automatically unless you choose another"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "违约；拖欠",
    "en": "failure to pay a debt or fulfil a legal obligation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拖欠；违约",
    "en": "to fail to pay a debt or meet an obligation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This app uses a dark background by default.",
    "zh": "这个应用默认使用深色背景。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Borrowers are more likely to default on their loans when unemployment rises and household incomes fall.",
    "zh": "当失业率上升、家庭收入下降时，借款人更容易拖欠贷款。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "by default｜默认地",
   "default setting｜默认设置",
   "default on a loan｜拖欠贷款",
   "debt default｜债务违约"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "defaulter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "by default 表示默认；拖欠贷款用 default on a loan。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "default"
 },
 {
  "w": "sparkling",
  "uk": "/ˈspɑːklɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈspɑːrklɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "闪闪发光的",
    "en": "shining with many small flashes of light"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "含气泡的",
    "en": "containing bubbles of gas"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "生动有趣的；才华横溢的",
    "en": "lively, clever, and entertaining"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She held the sparkling bracelet up to the sunlight.",
    "zh": "她把闪闪发亮的手链举到阳光下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restaurants can reduce packaging waste by serving locally filtered sparkling water rather than imported bottled alternatives.",
    "zh": "餐厅可以供应本地过滤的气泡水，代替进口瓶装水，从而减少包装废弃物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sparkling water｜气泡水",
   "sparkling eyes｜神采奕奕的眼睛",
   "sparkling conversation｜妙趣横生的交谈"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sparkle (v.)",
   "sparkle (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "glittering",
   "fizzy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "still"
  ],
  "tip": "饮用水中sparkling指含气泡，still指无气泡。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sparkling"
 },
 {
  "w": "reverse",
  "uk": "/rɪˈvɜːs/",
  "us": "/rɪˈvɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逆转；撤销；倒车",
    "en": "to change something to its opposite, or move backwards"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相反的；反向的",
    "en": "going in the opposite direction or order"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "相反情况；背面",
    "en": "the opposite of something, or its back surface"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He reversed the car slowly into the garage.",
    "zh": "他慢慢地把车倒进车库。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in renewable energy could help reverse the recent rise in emissions from electricity generation.",
    "zh": "对可再生能源的投资可能有助于扭转近期发电排放量上升的趋势。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reverse a decision｜撤销决定",
   "reverse a trend｜逆转趋势",
   "in reverse order｜按相反顺序",
   "the reverse side｜背面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reversal (n.)",
   "reversible (adj.)",
   "irreversible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "倒车用reverse；撤销决定可说reverse a decision。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reverse"
 },
 {
  "w": "grant",
  "uk": "/ɡrɑːnt/",
  "us": "/ɡrænt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "补助金；拨款",
    "en": "money given by an organisation for a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "正式准许；授予",
    "en": "to officially give someone something they request"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "承认",
    "en": "to accept that something is true, often reluctantly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small grant helped us repair the village playground.",
    "zh": "一笔小额补助金帮助我们修好了村里的游乐场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should provide research grants to universities developing affordable technologies for reducing household energy consumption.",
    "zh": "政府应向研发低成本家庭节能技术的大学提供研究拨款。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apply for a grant｜申请补助金",
   "research grant｜研究拨款",
   "grant permission｜准许",
   "take something for granted｜认为某事理所当然"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "grant sb sth可改为grant sth to sb。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grant"
 },
 {
  "w": "deputy",
  "uk": "/ˈdepjuti/",
  "us": "/ˈdepjuti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "副职；代理人",
    "en": "someone authorised to assist or act for a more senior person"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "议员",
    "en": "an elected member of parliament in some countries"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The manager asked her deputy to lead today's meeting.",
    "zh": "经理让她的副手主持今天的会议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Appointing a capable deputy allows school leaders to share administrative responsibilities and focus on educational improvement.",
    "zh": "任命一位能干的副职能让学校领导分担行政职责，并专注于教育改进。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deputy director｜副主任；副局长",
   "deputy head｜副校长",
   "appoint a deputy｜任命副手",
   "act as deputy｜担任代理人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deputise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常置于职务前，如deputy director；不泛指所有代表。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deputy"
 },
 {
  "w": "rash",
  "uk": "/ræʃ/",
  "us": "/ræʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "轻率的；鲁莽的",
    "en": "Done without enough thought about possible risks or consequences."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "皮疹",
    "en": "An area of irritated skin covered with spots."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was rash to leave without checking the weather.",
    "zh": "没有查看天气就出发，实在太轻率了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rash decisions about urban development can leave communities with inadequate transport and limited access to green spaces.",
    "zh": "关于城市发展的轻率决策可能导致社区交通不足，且居民难以享有绿地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a rash decision｜轻率的决定",
   "a rash promise｜轻率的承诺",
   "develop a rash｜出现皮疹",
   "a skin rash｜皮疹"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rashly (adv.)",
   "rashness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reckless",
   "hasty"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cautious",
   "considered"
  ],
  "tip": "作形容词指鲁莽；作名词指皮疹，常用a rash。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rash"
 },
 {
  "w": "remains",
  "uk": "/rɪˈmeɪnz/",
  "us": "/rɪˈmeɪnz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "残余物；剩余部分",
    "en": "Parts left after something has been used, damaged, or destroyed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "遗迹；遗址",
    "en": "Surviving parts of ancient buildings or objects."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "遗骸",
    "en": "The body or bones of a dead person or animal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The remains of our picnic filled a small bag.",
    "zh": "我们野餐后剩下的东西装满了一个小袋子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The remains of ancient settlements provide valuable evidence about how early communities adapted to environmental change.",
    "zh": "古代聚落遗迹为了解早期群体如何适应环境变化提供了宝贵证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the remains of a meal｜餐后剩余物",
   "archaeological remains｜考古遗迹",
   "human remains｜人类遗骸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "remain (v.)",
   "remaining (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词用复数谓语；也可为remain的单数动词形式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "remains"
 },
 {
  "w": "stump",
  "uk": "/stʌmp/",
  "us": "/stʌmp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "树桩；残余根部",
    "en": "the base remaining after a tree or object is cut"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "难倒；使困惑",
    "en": "to leave someone unable to answer or solve something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sat on a tree stump to eat lunch.",
    "zh": "我们坐在一个树桩上吃午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Removing tree stumps can disturb forest soils and destroy habitats used by insects and other small organisms.",
    "zh": "清除树桩可能扰动森林土壤，破坏昆虫和其他小型生物的栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tree stump｜树桩",
   "remove a stump｜清除树桩",
   "be stumped by a question｜被问题难倒"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "baffle",
   "puzzle"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be stumped by表示被难倒，并非被绊倒。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stump"
 },
 {
  "w": "vomit",
  "uk": "/ˈvɒmɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈvɑːmɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "呕吐；吐出",
    "en": "To bring food or liquid from the stomach through the mouth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "呕吐物",
    "en": "Food or liquid brought up from the stomach."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rough boat ride made several passengers vomit.",
    "zh": "船在航行中剧烈颠簸，导致几位乘客呕吐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Patients who vomit repeatedly may become dehydrated and should seek medical advice if symptoms persist.",
    "zh": "反复呕吐的患者可能出现脱水，若症状持续，应咨询医生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "start to vomit｜开始呕吐",
   "vomit repeatedly｜反复呕吐",
   "nausea and vomiting｜恶心与呕吐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vomiting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "throw up",
   "be sick"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词指呕吐物；呕吐这一过程常用vomiting。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vomit"
 },
 {
  "w": "revolution",
  "uk": "/ˌrevəˈluːʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌrevəˈluːʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "革命；政权变革",
    "en": "a major change in government, often achieved by force"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重大变革",
    "en": "a dramatic change in how something works or is done"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旋转一周；公转一周",
    "en": "one complete turn around a point or axis"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum has a room devoted to the revolution.",
    "zh": "博物馆有一个专门介绍这场革命的展厅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The digital revolution has transformed education by allowing students to access learning materials from almost anywhere.",
    "zh": "数字革命让学生几乎随时随地都能获取学习资料，从而改变了教育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "political revolution｜政治革命",
   "industrial revolution｜工业革命",
   "digital revolution｜数字革命",
   "a complete revolution｜旋转一整周"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "revolutionary (adj.)",
   "revolutionise (v.)",
   "revolve (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "upheaval",
   "transformation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "revolution强调根本变革；reform通常指渐进改革。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "revolution"
 },
 {
  "w": "consumption",
  "uk": "/kənˈsʌmpʃən/",
  "us": "/kənˈsʌmpʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "消耗；消费",
    "en": "the use of resources, energy, goods, or services"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "食用；饮用；摄入量",
    "en": "the act or amount of eating or drinking something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our electricity consumption rises when we use the heater.",
    "zh": "使用暖气时，我们的用电量就会上升。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments can reduce fossil fuel consumption by investing in reliable public transport and renewable energy.",
    "zh": "政府可以通过投资可靠的公共交通和可再生能源，减少化石燃料消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "energy consumption｜能源消耗",
   "water consumption｜用水量",
   "household consumption｜家庭消费",
   "fit for human consumption｜适合人类食用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consume (v.)",
   "consumer (n.)",
   "consumable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；消费的人是consumer，不是consumption。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consumption"
 },
 {
  "w": "long-term",
  "uk": "/ˌlɒŋ ˈtɜːm/",
  "us": "/ˌlɔːŋ ˈtɝːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "长期的",
    "en": "continuing or having effects over a long period"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We need a long-term plan for our garden.",
    "zh": "我们需要为花园制定一个长期规划。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport can bring long-term benefits to both local economies and the environment.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通可以为地方经济和环境带来长期效益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "long-term goal｜长期目标",
   "long-term impact｜长期影响",
   "long-term investment｜长期投资"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "short-term"
  ],
  "tip": "作定语常用连字符；in the long term不加。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "long-term"
 },
 {
  "w": "restless",
  "uk": "/ˈrestləs/",
  "us": "/ˈrestləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "坐立不安的；难以休息的",
    "en": "Unable to relax, stay still, or sleep peacefully."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不满足现状的",
    "en": "Eager for change because the present situation feels unsatisfying."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The restless child kept swinging her legs under the table.",
    "zh": "那个坐不住的孩子不停地在桌下晃腿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may become restless during lengthy lectures if they have few opportunities to participate actively.",
    "zh": "如果缺少积极参与的机会，学生在长时间的讲座中可能会坐立不安。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "restless sleep｜不安稳的睡眠",
   "feel restless｜感到坐立不安",
   "grow restless｜变得焦躁不安",
   "a restless spirit｜不甘安定的性情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rest (n.)",
   "restlessness (n.)",
   "restlessly (adv.)",
   "restful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fidgety",
   "uneasy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm",
   "relaxed"
  ],
  "tip": "restless指难以安静；restful指令人放松的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "restless"
 },
 {
  "w": "upon",
  "uk": "/əˈpɒn/",
  "us": "/əˈpɑːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……上",
    "en": "on something, especially in formal or literary language"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "一……就；在……时",
    "en": "immediately after or at the time of an event"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cat rested upon a cushion beside the window.",
    "zh": "猫趴在窗边的垫子上休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Upon completing their training, new teachers should receive ongoing support from experienced colleagues at school.",
    "zh": "新教师完成培训后，应持续获得校内资深同事的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "upon arrival｜一到达",
   "upon completion｜一完成",
   "once upon a time｜从前"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "on"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比on正式；upon doing表示“一……就”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "upon"
 },
 {
  "w": "mathematical",
  "uk": "/ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "数学的",
    "en": "relating to mathematics"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This puzzle really puts your mathematical skills to work.",
    "zh": "这道谜题真能让你运用数学技能。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Mathematical models help researchers predict how rising temperatures may affect coastal communities over time.",
    "zh": "数学模型帮助研究人员预测气温上升可能如何逐步影响沿海社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mathematical model｜数学模型",
   "mathematical skills｜数学技能",
   "mathematical calculation｜数学计算"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mathematics (n.)",
   "mathematically (adv.)",
   "mathematician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mathematics是学科名，虽以s结尾但用单数谓语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mathematical"
 },
 {
  "w": "injustice",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdʒʌstɪs/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdʒʌstɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不公正；不公正的事",
    "en": "Unfair treatment or a particular example of it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We challenged the injustice of excluding her from the team.",
    "zh": "我们对将她排除在队伍之外的不公正做法提出了质疑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to affordable legal advice is essential for people seeking to challenge injustice in the workplace.",
    "zh": "对于想要挑战职场不公的人来说，获得负担得起的法律咨询至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "social injustice｜社会不公",
   "a sense of injustice｜不公平感",
   "suffer an injustice｜遭受不公正待遇",
   "challenge injustice｜挑战不公"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "justice (n.)",
   "unjust (adj.)",
   "unjustly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unfairness",
   "inequity"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "justice",
   "fairness"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指不公时不可数；具体不公事件可用 an injustice。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "injustice"
 },
 {
  "w": "bestseller",
  "uk": "/ˌbestˈselə/",
  "us": "/ˌbestˈselər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "畅销书；畅销商品",
    "en": "A book or other product that sells in very large quantities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her first novel became a bestseller within weeks.",
    "zh": "她的第一部小说几周内就成了畅销书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A bestseller can introduce complex scientific ideas to readers who rarely engage with academic publications.",
    "zh": "畅销书能向很少接触学术出版物的读者介绍复杂的科学概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "international bestseller｜国际畅销书",
   "become a bestseller｜成为畅销书",
   "bestseller list｜畅销书榜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bestselling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指畅销书或商品，不指畅销书作者。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bestseller"
 },
 {
  "w": "renovation",
  "uk": "/ˌrenəˈveɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌrenəˈveɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "翻修；整修",
    "en": "The process of repairing and improving a building or room."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed with friends during the renovation of our kitchen.",
    "zh": "厨房翻修期间，我们住在朋友家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The renovation of historic buildings can preserve local identity while providing suitable spaces for modern businesses.",
    "zh": "翻修历史建筑既能保留地方特色，也能为现代商业提供合适的空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "undergo renovation｜接受翻修",
   "extensive renovation｜大规模整修",
   "renovation work｜翻修工程",
   "renovation costs｜翻修费用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "renovate (v.)",
   "renovator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "refurbishment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要指建筑翻修；制度革新通常不用此词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "renovation"
 },
 {
  "w": "acre",
  "uk": "/ˈeɪkə/",
  "us": "/ˈeɪkər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英亩",
    "en": "A unit of land area equal to about 4,047 square metres"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their vegetable garden covers almost an acre behind the house.",
    "zh": "他们屋后的菜园占地近一英亩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting each acre of wetland helps preserve wildlife habitats and reduces the risk of local flooding.",
    "zh": "保护每一英亩湿地都有助于维护野生动物栖息地，并降低当地发生洪灾的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an acre of land｜一英亩土地",
   "per acre｜每英亩",
   "hundreds of acres｜数百英亩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "acreage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "面积单位：1英亩约4047平方米，不等于一公顷。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "acre"
 },
 {
  "w": "formation",
  "uk": "/fɔːˈmeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/fɔːrˈmeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "形成；组建",
    "en": "The process of developing or bringing something into existence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "构造物；地层",
    "en": "A natural structure with a particular shape or arrangement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "队形；编队",
    "en": "An organised arrangement of people, vehicles, or animals."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cold nights encourage the formation of ice on puddles.",
    "zh": "寒冷的夜晚容易使水洼表面结冰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists study the formation of clouds to improve weather forecasts and understand changes in the global climate.",
    "zh": "科学家研究云的形成，以改进天气预报并了解全球气候的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cloud formation｜云的形成",
   "rock formations｜岩石构造",
   "the formation of a government｜政府的组建",
   "fly in formation｜编队飞行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "form (v.)",
   "formative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "formation可指形成过程，也可指形成的结构或队形。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "formation"
 },
 {
  "w": "intensive",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtensɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtensɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "密集的；强化的",
    "en": "involving much work or effort within a short period"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "集约的；投入密集的",
    "en": "using large amounts of resources to produce high output"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I took an intensive swimming course during the holidays.",
    "zh": "假期里我参加了一个游泳强化课程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Intensive farming can increase food production, but it may also damage soil quality and reduce biodiversity.",
    "zh": "集约化农业可以提高粮食产量，但也可能损害土壤质量并减少生物多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an intensive course｜强化课程",
   "intensive care｜重症监护",
   "intensive farming｜集约化农业",
   "labour-intensive production｜劳动密集型生产"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intense (adj.)",
   "intensively (adv.)",
   "intensity (n.)",
   "intensify (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "intensive 强调集中投入；intense 强调感受或程度强烈。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intensive"
 },
 {
  "w": "frost",
  "uk": "/frɒst/",
  "us": "/frɔːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "霜；霜冻",
    "en": "Thin ice crystals on surfaces, or weather that forms them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "结霜于；覆以霜",
    "en": "To cover or become covered with a thin layer of ice."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给糕点涂糖霜",
    "en": "To cover a cake with a sweet, creamy topping."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A thin frost covered the grass outside our kitchen.",
    "zh": "厨房外的草地上覆盖着一层薄霜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unexpected spring frost can damage young crops, reducing yields and increasing financial pressure on farmers.",
    "zh": "突如其来的春季霜冻会损伤幼苗，降低产量并增加农民的经济压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sharp frost｜严重霜冻",
   "ground frost｜地面霜冻",
   "frost damage｜霜冻损害",
   "frost a cake｜给蛋糕涂糖霜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "frosty (adj.)",
   "frosted (adj.)",
   "frosting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "frost是霜，不是雪；涂糖霜这一动词义多见于美语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "frost"
 },
 {
  "w": "precisely",
  "uk": "/prɪˈsaɪsli/",
  "us": "/prɪˈsaɪsli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "精确地；准确地",
    "en": "Exactly and accurately, without any difference or error."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "恰好；正是",
    "en": "Used to emphasize that something is exactly the case."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The carpenter cut each shelf precisely to fit the cupboard.",
    "zh": "木匠精确裁切了每块搁板，使其与柜子吻合。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must measure changes in sea level precisely to assess the long-term effects of climate change.",
    "zh": "研究人员必须精确测量海平面的变化，以评估气候变化的长期影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "precisely measure｜精确测量",
   "precisely define｜准确界定",
   "precisely because｜正是因为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "precise (adj.)",
   "precision (n.)",
   "imprecise (adj.)",
   "imprecisely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "exactly",
   "accurately"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "approximately",
   "imprecisely"
  ],
  "tip": "precisely because表示“正是因为”，强调原因。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "precisely"
 },
 {
  "w": "diagnose",
  "uk": "/ˈdaɪəɡnəʊz/",
  "us": "/ˌdaɪəɡˈnoʊs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "诊断疾病",
    "en": "to identify an illness by examining symptoms and test results"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "查明问题原因",
    "en": "to identify the cause or nature of a problem"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor diagnosed asthma after checking my breathing.",
    "zh": "医生检查我的呼吸情况后，诊断我患有哮喘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "New screening technologies can help doctors diagnose certain diseases before serious symptoms appear.",
    "zh": "新的筛查技术可以帮助医生在严重症状出现前诊断出某些疾病。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "diagnose a disease｜诊断疾病",
   "be diagnosed with｜被诊断患有",
   "diagnose a fault｜查明故障"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "diagnosis (n.)",
   "diagnostic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "identify"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "诊断某人患病用diagnose someone with某病。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diagnose"
 },
 {
  "w": "combination",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒmbɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːmbɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结合；组合",
    "en": "two or more things joined or used together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "密码锁的密码",
    "en": "a sequence used to open a lock"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This soup has a delicious combination of herbs and vegetables.",
    "zh": "这道汤把香草与蔬菜搭配得十分美味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A combination of affordable housing and reliable public transport can improve living standards in growing cities.",
    "zh": "经济适用的住房与可靠的公共交通相结合，可以提高发展中城市的生活水平。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a combination of｜……的组合",
   "in combination with｜与……结合",
   "winning combination｜成功的组合",
   "combination lock｜密码锁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "combine (v.)",
   "combined (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mixture",
   "blend"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用a combination of A and B表示两者结合。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "combination"
 },
 {
  "w": "immense",
  "uk": "/ɪˈmens/",
  "us": "/ɪˈmens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巨大的；极大的",
    "en": "Extremely large in size, amount, or degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An immense ship blocked our view of the harbour.",
    "zh": "一艘巨轮挡住了我们望向港口的视线。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The transition to renewable energy requires immense investment but can deliver substantial environmental and economic benefits.",
    "zh": "向可再生能源转型需要巨额投资，但能带来显著的环境和经济效益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "immense pressure｜巨大压力",
   "immense potential｜巨大潜力",
   "immense satisfaction｜极大的满足感",
   "immense contribution｜巨大贡献"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "immensely (adv.)",
   "immensity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enormous",
   "vast",
   "huge"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tiny"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容体积巨大，也可形容压力、潜力等程度极大。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "immense"
 },
 {
  "w": "fade",
  "uk": "/feɪd/",
  "us": "/feɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "褪色；使褪色",
    "en": "to lose colour or make something lose colour gradually"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逐渐减弱；逐渐消失",
    "en": "to become weaker, less clear, or less noticeable over time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The curtains have faded after years of bright sunlight.",
    "zh": "窗帘经过多年强烈日晒，已经褪色了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public interest in environmental campaigns may fade unless organisations provide regular updates and opportunities for participation.",
    "zh": "如果组织不定期提供最新进展和参与机会，公众对环保活动的兴趣可能会逐渐减退。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fade away｜逐渐消失",
   "fade in the sun｜在阳光下褪色",
   "memories fade｜记忆逐渐模糊",
   "fade into the background｜逐渐不再引人注意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "faded (adj.)",
   "fading (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "diminish",
   "wane"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "intensify"
  ],
  "tip": "强调逐渐变化；fade away指慢慢减弱或消失。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fade"
 },
 {
  "w": "sharpen",
  "uk": "/ˈʃɑːpən/",
  "us": "/ˈʃɑːrpən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "磨快；削尖",
    "en": "To make an edge or point sharper."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提高；增强",
    "en": "To make a skill, sense, or quality more effective."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I sharpened my pencil before sketching the sleeping cat.",
    "zh": "画那只熟睡的猫之前，我削尖了铅笔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Classroom debates can sharpen students' critical thinking skills by encouraging them to examine competing arguments.",
    "zh": "课堂辩论鼓励学生审视相互对立的论点，从而提高批判性思维能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sharpen a pencil｜削铅笔",
   "sharpen a knife｜磨刀",
   "sharpen skills｜提升技能",
   "sharpen focus｜增强专注力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sharp (adj.)",
   "sharpener (n.)",
   "sharply (adv.)",
   "sharpness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hone"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "blunt"
  ],
  "tip": "sharp加-en构成动词，也可比喻提升技能。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sharpen"
 },
 {
  "w": "ozone",
  "uk": "/ˈəʊzəʊn/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊzoʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "臭氧",
    "en": "A gas whose molecules each contain three oxygen atoms."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "High ozone levels kept us from jogging outside today.",
    "zh": "今天臭氧浓度高，我们没有到户外慢跑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "While ozone high in the atmosphere protects life, ground-level ozone can damage human health and crops.",
    "zh": "尽管高空中的臭氧能保护生命，近地面的臭氧却会损害人体健康和农作物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ozone layer｜臭氧层",
   "ground-level ozone｜近地面臭氧",
   "ozone depletion｜臭氧消耗",
   "ozone levels｜臭氧浓度"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "臭氧不可数；高空臭氧有保护作用，近地面臭氧有害。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ozone"
 },
 {
  "w": "placement",
  "uk": "/ˈpleɪsmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈpleɪsmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实习；实习岗位",
    "en": "A temporary job that provides practical experience during training."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "摆放；布置",
    "en": "The act of putting something in a particular position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "安置；安排",
    "en": "The act of finding someone a suitable position or home."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I learned practical skills during my hospital placement.",
    "zh": "我在医院实习期间学到了实用技能。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should offer work placements so that students can apply classroom knowledge in professional settings.",
    "zh": "大学应提供实习机会，让学生能够在职场环境中运用课堂知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "work placement｜工作实习",
   "job placement｜就业安置",
   "product placement｜植入式广告"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "place (v.)",
   "replace (v.)",
   "replacement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语中work placement常指课程中的实习。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "placement"
 },
 {
  "w": "format",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːmæt/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrmæt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "格式；编排方式",
    "en": "the way information or an event is arranged or presented"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "设置格式；编排",
    "en": "to arrange the appearance of a document or information"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "格式化存储设备",
    "en": "to prepare a storage device so it can store data"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please send the photos in a different file format.",
    "zh": "请换一种文件格式发送这些照片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Offering course materials in a digital format can make education more accessible to students in remote areas.",
    "zh": "以数字格式提供课程材料，可以让偏远地区的学生更容易获得教育资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "file format｜文件格式",
   "digital format｜数字格式",
   "format a document｜设置文档格式",
   "standard format｜标准格式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "formatting (n.)",
   "reformat (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词过去式formatted，现在分词formatting。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "format"
 },
 {
  "w": "Soviet",
  "uk": "/ˈsəʊviət/",
  "us": "/ˈsoʊviət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "苏联的；苏维埃的",
    "en": "Relating to the former Soviet Union or its governing councils."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "苏联人",
    "en": "A citizen of the former Soviet Union."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather kept a Soviet camera in this drawer.",
    "zh": "我祖父在这个抽屉里存放过一台苏联相机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers study Soviet housing policies to understand how central planning influenced urban development and everyday life.",
    "zh": "研究人员通过考察苏联的住房政策，了解中央计划如何影响城市发展和日常生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Soviet Union｜苏联",
   "Soviet era｜苏联时期",
   "Soviet architecture｜苏联建筑"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "Soviet通常大写；小写soviet可指苏维埃议会。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "soviet"
 },
 {
  "w": "urge",
  "uk": "/ɜːdʒ/",
  "us": "/ɝːdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "敦促；力劝",
    "en": "To strongly encourage someone to do something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "强烈欲望；冲动",
    "en": "A strong desire to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I resisted the urge to eat another biscuit.",
    "zh": "我忍住了再吃一块饼干的冲动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Health experts urge governments to invest in preventive care rather than focus solely on treating diseases.",
    "zh": "健康专家敦促政府投资预防保健，而不是只关注疾病治疗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "urge someone to do something｜敦促某人做某事",
   "a strong urge to｜想……的强烈冲动",
   "resist the urge｜克制冲动",
   "urge caution｜力劝谨慎行事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "urging (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词用urge sb to do；名词用an urge to do。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "urge"
 },
 {
  "w": "organizational",
  "uk": "/ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃənəl/",
  "us": "/ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "组织机构的",
    "en": "Relating to the structure or management of an organization."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "统筹安排的",
    "en": "Relating to planning activities and arranging things effectively."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new manager announced several organizational changes this morning.",
    "zh": "新经理今天上午宣布了几项组织调整。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A clear organizational structure can improve communication between departments and help employees understand their responsibilities.",
    "zh": "清晰的组织架构可以改善部门间的沟通，并帮助员工明确职责。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "organizational structure｜组织架构",
   "organizational change｜组织变革",
   "organizational skills｜统筹能力",
   "organizational culture｜组织文化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "organization (n.)",
   "organize (v.)",
   "organizer (n.)",
   "organizationally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也写作organisational。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "organizational"
 },
 {
  "w": "chunk",
  "uk": "/tʃʌŋk/",
  "us": "/tʃʌŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大块；厚块",
    "en": "A large, thick piece of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "相当大的部分",
    "en": "A substantial part of an amount or whole."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She dropped a chunk of cheese into the soup.",
    "zh": "她把一大块奶酪放进了汤里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Housing costs consume a large chunk of household income, leaving less money for education and leisure.",
    "zh": "住房开支占据了家庭收入的很大一部分，使可用于教育和休闲的钱减少了。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a chunk of bread｜一大块面包",
   "a large chunk of｜很大一部分",
   "manageable chunks｜便于处理的小部分"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chunky (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "piece",
   "lump"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指实物的大块，也可指时间或金钱的一大部分。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chunk"
 },
 {
  "w": "moderate",
  "uk": "/ˈmɒdərət/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːdərət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "适度的；中等的",
    "en": "Neither very large nor very small in amount or degree"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "温和的；不极端的",
    "en": "Avoiding extreme political views or actions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缓和；节制",
    "en": "To become or make something less extreme or intense"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A moderate amount of exercise helps me sleep better.",
    "zh": "适量运动能让我睡得更好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Moderate increases in housing density could accommodate urban growth without placing excessive pressure on local infrastructure.",
    "zh": "适度提高住房密度可以满足城市发展的需求，同时避免给当地基础设施造成过大压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "moderate exercise｜适度运动",
   "moderate growth｜温和增长",
   "moderate views｜温和的观点",
   "moderate your expectations｜适当降低期望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "moderately (adv.)",
   "moderation (n.)",
   "moderator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reasonable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "extreme",
   "excessive"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词末尾读/ət/，动词末尾读/eɪt/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "moderate"
 },
 {
  "w": "cooperative",
  "uk": "/kəʊˈɒpərətɪv/",
  "us": "/koʊˈɑːpərətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "乐于合作的；合作的",
    "en": "willing to help others or work together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "合作社",
    "en": "a business owned and run jointly by its members"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone was cooperative when we rearranged the shared kitchen.",
    "zh": "我们重新布置共用厨房时，大家都很配合。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cooperative learning can help students develop communication skills while taking shared responsibility for completing a task.",
    "zh": "合作学习可以帮助学生培养沟通技能，同时共同承担完成任务的责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cooperative approach｜合作方式",
   "cooperative learning｜合作学习",
   "agricultural cooperative｜农业合作社"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cooperate (v.)",
   "cooperation (n.)",
   "cooperatively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "helpful",
   "collaborative"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uncooperative"
  ],
  "tip": "作形容词表示合作；作名词指合作社。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cooperative"
 },
 {
  "w": "voluntary",
  "uk": "/ˈvɒləntri/",
  "us": "/ˈvɑːlənteri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自愿的；非强制的",
    "en": "done by choice rather than because it is required"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "志愿的；无偿的",
    "en": "done without payment to help people or an organisation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Joining the weekend walking group is completely voluntary.",
    "zh": "参加周末步行小组完全出于自愿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Voluntary work can help young people develop practical skills while contributing to their local communities.",
    "zh": "志愿工作既能帮助年轻人培养实用技能，也能让他们为当地社区作贡献。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "voluntary work｜志愿工作",
   "voluntary participation｜自愿参与",
   "voluntary organisation｜志愿组织",
   "voluntary contributions｜自愿捐款"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "voluntarily (adv.)",
   "volunteer (n.)",
   "volunteer (v.)",
   "involuntary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "optional",
   "unpaid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "compulsory",
   "involuntary"
  ],
  "tip": "voluntary是形容词；“志愿者”用volunteer。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "voluntary"
 },
 {
  "w": "interfere",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntəˈfɪə/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntərˈfɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "干涉；插手",
    "en": "To become involved in others' affairs without being wanted."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "妨碍；干扰",
    "en": "To prevent something from working or progressing properly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't interfere when I'm teaching the puppy to sit.",
    "zh": "我教小狗坐下时，请不要插手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive background noise can interfere with students' concentration and reduce their ability to absorb new information.",
    "zh": "过大的背景噪声会干扰学生的注意力，降低他们吸收新信息的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "interfere in someone's affairs｜干涉某人的事务",
   "interfere with concentration｜干扰注意力",
   "interfere with sleep｜妨碍睡眠"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "interference (n.)",
   "interfering (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "meddle",
   "intrude"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "interfere in多指干涉事务；with多指妨碍正常进行。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "interfere"
 },
 {
  "w": "imprison",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈprɪzən/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈprɪzən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "监禁；关押",
    "en": "To put someone in prison or keep them confined."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The judge imprisoned the thief for stealing valuable paintings.",
    "zh": "法官判处那名偷窃名贵画作的小偷入狱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should consider whether imprisoning people for minor offences is more effective than providing supervised community service.",
    "zh": "政府应考虑，对轻微违法者实行监禁是否比安排受监督的社区服务更有效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be imprisoned for｜因……被监禁",
   "imprison someone for life｜终身监禁某人",
   "false imprisonment｜非法拘禁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prison (n.)",
   "prisoner (n.)",
   "imprisonment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "incarcerate",
   "confine"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "release",
   "free"
  ],
  "tip": "be imprisoned for后可接罪名，也可接监禁时长。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "imprison"
 },
 {
  "w": "independently",
  "uk": "/ˌɪndɪˈpendəntli/",
  "us": "/ˌɪndɪˈpendəntli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "独立地；不依赖他人地",
    "en": "Without needing help or support from others."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "分别地；互不关联地",
    "en": "Separately, without being connected to or influenced by something else."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother still lives independently in her own flat.",
    "zh": "我祖母仍独立生活在自己的公寓里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who learn to work independently are often better prepared for the demands of higher education.",
    "zh": "学会独立完成任务的学生，往往能更好地应对高等教育的要求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "live independently｜独立生活",
   "work independently｜独立工作",
   "independently of｜不依赖于；独立于",
   "independently verified｜经独立核实的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "independent (adj.)",
   "independence (n.)",
   "dependent (adj.)",
   "dependently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "autonomously",
   "separately"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dependently"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“不依赖于……”用independently of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "independently"
 },
 {
  "w": "fluency",
  "uk": "/ˈfluːənsi/",
  "us": "/ˈfluːənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "语言流利度",
    "en": "The ability to use a language easily and smoothly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "流畅；娴熟",
    "en": "The quality of performing an activity smoothly and confidently."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Daily chats with friends have improved my fluency in English.",
    "zh": "每天和朋友聊天提高了我说英语的流利度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Language courses should develop fluency alongside accuracy so that learners can communicate confidently in unfamiliar situations.",
    "zh": "语言课程应兼顾流利度与准确性，使学习者能够在陌生情境中自信交流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fluency in English｜英语流利度",
   "oral fluency｜口语流利度",
   "develop fluency｜提高流利度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fluent (adj.)",
   "fluently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "hesitancy"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；表示某种语言的流利程度用fluency in。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fluency"
 },
 {
  "w": "thirst",
  "uk": "/θɜːst/",
  "us": "/θɝːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "口渴",
    "en": "The feeling of needing or wanting something to drink."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "渴望；强烈欲望",
    "en": "A strong desire to have or learn something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cool water relieved my thirst after the long walk.",
    "zh": "走了很长一段路后，凉水缓解了我的口渴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should nurture children's thirst for knowledge rather than focus exclusively on examination results.",
    "zh": "学校应培养孩子们的求知欲，而不是只关注考试成绩。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "quench your thirst｜解渴",
   "a thirst for knowledge｜求知欲",
   "a thirst for adventure｜对冒险的渴望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thirsty (adj.)",
   "thirstily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "口渴常说be thirsty；thirst for表示对……的渴望。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thirst"
 },
 {
  "w": "oar",
  "uk": "/ɔː/",
  "us": "/ɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "船桨",
    "en": "A long pole with a flat blade for rowing boats"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He lifted one oar and gently pushed the boat away.",
    "zh": "他抬起一支船桨，轻轻把船撑开。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors can explore the lake in traditional boats, using oars rather than engines to minimise disturbance to wildlife.",
    "zh": "游客可以乘传统小船游湖，用桨而非发动机推进，以尽量减少对野生动物的干扰。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of oars｜一对船桨",
   "pull on the oars｜用力划桨",
   "oar blade｜桨叶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "oar通常支在船侧划动；paddle通常手持划动。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oar"
 },
 {
  "w": "disguise",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈɡaɪz/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈɡaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "乔装；掩饰",
    "en": "To change appearance or hide something's true nature."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "伪装；乔装用品",
    "en": "Something worn or done to prevent recognition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Nadia disguised herself with a wig and oversized glasses.",
    "zh": "娜迪娅戴上假发和超大眼镜，把自己乔装起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Attractive packaging can disguise poor product quality, making it harder for consumers to make informed choices.",
    "zh": "精美包装可能掩盖产品质量问题，使消费者更难作出明智选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disguise yourself as｜把自己装扮成",
   "in disguise｜乔装着",
   "disguise the fact that｜掩盖……的事实",
   "a blessing in disguise｜因祸得福的事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disguised (adj.)",
   "undisguised (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "conceal",
   "camouflage"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reveal"
  ],
  "tip": "disguise oneself as后接所扮角色。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disguise"
 },
 {
  "w": "exceed",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈsiːd/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsiːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "超过；超出",
    "en": "to be greater than a particular amount, limit, or expectation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This suitcase must not exceed the airline's weight limit.",
    "zh": "这个行李箱不得超过航空公司的重量限制。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Demand for affordable housing continues to exceed supply in many rapidly growing cities around the world.",
    "zh": "在世界许多快速发展的城市中，经济适用住房的需求持续超过供应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exceed expectations｜超出预期",
   "exceed the limit｜超出限度",
   "exceed demand｜超过需求",
   "exceed the budget｜超出预算"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "excess (n.)",
   "excessive (adj.)",
   "excessively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "surpass",
   "outstrip"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接数量或限度，不加than。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exceed"
 },
 {
  "w": "diplomatic",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "外交的",
    "en": "relating to official relations between countries"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "说话得体的；圆融的",
    "en": "handling people sensitively to avoid offence or conflict"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You gave a diplomatic answer to that awkward question.",
    "zh": "你对那个尴尬问题的回答很得体。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Maintaining diplomatic relations allows countries to resolve disagreements through negotiation rather than allowing tensions to escalate.",
    "zh": "保持外交关系使各国能够通过谈判解决分歧，而不是任由紧张局势升级。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "diplomatic relations｜外交关系",
   "diplomatic efforts｜外交努力",
   "a diplomatic solution｜外交解决方案",
   "a diplomatic answer｜得体的回答"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "diplomacy (n.)",
   "diplomat (n.)",
   "diplomatically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tactful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tactless"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指国家间外交，也可形容说话处事得体。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diplomatic"
 },
 {
  "w": "hairpin",
  "uk": "/ˈheəpɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈherpɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发夹；发针",
    "en": "A thin bent pin used to hold hair in place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "急转弯；发夹弯",
    "en": "A very sharp bend where a road nearly doubles back."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She secured her bun with a silver hairpin.",
    "zh": "她用一枚银色发夹固定住发髻。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Mountain roads with frequent hairpin bends require careful design to reduce accident risks and protect surrounding habitats.",
    "zh": "急转弯频繁的山路需要精心设计，以降低事故风险并保护周边栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a silver hairpin｜银色发夹",
   "hairpin bend｜发夹弯",
   "hairpin turn｜急转弯"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hairpin bend指形似发夹、几乎折返的急弯。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hairpin"
 },
 {
  "w": "participant",
  "uk": "/pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt/",
  "us": "/pɑːrˈtɪsɪpənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "参与者；参加者",
    "en": "Someone who takes part in an activity or event."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each participant brought a homemade dish to the cooking workshop.",
    "zh": "每位参与者都带了一道自制菜来参加烹饪工作坊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every participant in the research project gave informed consent before sharing information about their daily exercise habits.",
    "zh": "研究项目的每位参与者都在知情同意后，才分享了自己的日常锻炼习惯信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "active participant｜积极参与者",
   "participant in a study｜研究参与者",
   "study participants｜研究对象"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "participate (v.)",
   "participation (n.)",
   "participatory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常作名词；表示某活动的参与者用participant in。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "participant"
 },
 {
  "w": "audition",
  "uk": "/ɔːˈdɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ɔːˈdɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "试演；试镜；试音",
    "en": "A short performance to show suitability for a performing role."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "参加试演；让…试演",
    "en": "Perform or test someone for a role in a production."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Lena practised her song before the audition yesterday.",
    "zh": "莉娜昨天在试音前练习了她的歌曲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Open auditions can help local theatres discover talented performers who lack professional training or industry connections.",
    "zh": "公开试演能帮助地方剧院发现缺乏专业训练或行业人脉的优秀表演者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attend an audition｜参加试演",
   "hold auditions｜举办试演",
   "audition for a role｜为某个角色试镜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "现代常用义是试演、试镜，不是一般的听力。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "audition"
 },
 {
  "w": "infant",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnfənt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnfənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "婴儿",
    "en": "a baby or very young child"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "婴儿的；初期的",
    "en": "relating to babies or an early stage of development"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The infant slept peacefully in her father's arms.",
    "zh": "那个婴儿在父亲怀里安静地睡着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to clean water and basic healthcare is essential for reducing infant mortality in disadvantaged communities.",
    "zh": "获得清洁饮水和基本医疗服务，对于降低弱势社区的婴儿死亡率至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "infant care｜婴儿护理",
   "infant mortality｜婴儿死亡率",
   "infant formula｜婴儿配方奶",
   "an infant industry｜新兴产业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "infancy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "baby"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比baby正式；infant mortality专指婴儿死亡率。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "infant"
 },
 {
  "w": "comparatively",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpærətɪvli/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpærətɪvli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "相对地；比较而言",
    "en": "To a particular degree when compared with something else."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This cafe is comparatively quiet after the lunch rush.",
    "zh": "午餐高峰过后，这家咖啡馆相对安静。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cycling remains a comparatively inexpensive form of transport, especially in cities with safe and extensive cycle networks.",
    "zh": "骑行仍是一种相对便宜的交通方式，尤其是在拥有安全、完善自行车道网络的城市。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "comparatively low｜相对较低的",
   "comparatively inexpensive｜相对便宜的",
   "comparatively little｜相对较少"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compare (v.)",
   "comparison (n.)",
   "comparative (adj.)",
   "comparable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "relatively"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常修饰形容词原级，如comparatively cheap。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "comparatively"
 },
 {
  "w": "factor",
  "uk": "/ˈfæktə/",
  "us": "/ˈfæktər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "因素；要素",
    "en": "something that influences a result or situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把…计入考虑",
    "en": "to include something when calculating or making a decision"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Price was the main factor when we chose our sofa.",
    "zh": "我们选沙发时，价格是主要考虑因素。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to reliable public transport is a key factor in reducing dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "能否使用可靠的公共交通，是减少对私家车依赖的关键因素。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "key factor｜关键因素",
   "contributing factor｜促成因素",
   "risk factor｜风险因素",
   "factor in the cost｜把成本考虑在内"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用factor in，表示把某因素考虑在内。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "factor"
 },
 {
  "w": "expectation",
  "uk": "/ˌekspekˈteɪʃn/",
  "us": "/ˌekspekˈteɪʃn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预期；预料",
    "en": "A belief that something will happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "期望；要求",
    "en": "A standard of success or behaviour someone hopes for."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We packed warm coats in expectation of cold weather.",
    "zh": "我们预计天气会冷，就带上了厚外套。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High parental expectations can motivate students, but excessive pressure may negatively affect their mental health.",
    "zh": "父母的高期望可以激励学生，但过大的压力可能损害他们的心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in expectation of｜预料到；期待着",
   "meet expectations｜达到期望",
   "exceed expectations｜超出预期",
   "high expectations｜很高的期望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expect (v.)",
   "expected (adj.)",
   "unexpected (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "anticipation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示对表现的期望时常用复数expectations。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expectation"
 },
 {
  "w": "sensitive",
  "uk": "/ˈsensətɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈsensətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "敏感的；易受影响的",
    "en": "Easily affected by emotions, substances, or changes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "体贴的；善解人意的",
    "en": "Aware of and considerate towards other people's feelings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "需谨慎处理的；敏感的",
    "en": "Requiring careful handling because of possible harm or offence"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My skin is sensitive to this new washing powder.",
    "zh": "我的皮肤对这种新洗衣粉很敏感。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should be sensitive to students' cultural backgrounds when discussing potentially controversial issues in class.",
    "zh": "教师在课堂上讨论可能引发争议的问题时，应顾及学生的文化背景。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sensitive skin｜敏感皮肤",
   "sensitive to criticism｜对批评敏感",
   "sensitive information｜敏感信息",
   "sensitive issue｜敏感问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sensitivity (n.)",
   "sensitively (adv.)",
   "insensitive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "insensitive"
  ],
  "tip": "sensitive指敏感的；sensible指明智的，勿混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sensitive"
 },
 {
  "w": "canvas",
  "uk": "/ˈkænvəs/",
  "us": "/ˈkænvəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "帆布",
    "en": "Strong, heavy cloth used for tents, bags, and sails."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "油画布；油画",
    "en": "Cloth used for painting, or a painting on this cloth."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She packed her lunch in a sturdy canvas bag.",
    "zh": "她把午饭装进一个结实的帆布包里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Painting on canvas allows students to explore colour and texture while developing their creative confidence.",
    "zh": "在画布上作画让学生探索色彩与质感，同时增强创作信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "canvas bag｜帆布包",
   "canvas tent｜帆布帐篷",
   "oil on canvas｜布面油画",
   "blank canvas｜空白画布"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "帆布作材料时不可数；指一幅油画时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "canvas"
 },
 {
  "w": "trim",
  "uk": "/trɪm/",
  "us": "/trɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "修剪；削减",
    "en": "To remove small amounts to neaten something or reduce it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "修剪；饰边",
    "en": "A small cut to neaten something, or decorative edging."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "整洁的；苗条健壮的",
    "en": "Neat in appearance, or slim and physically fit."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I trim the hedge before it blocks our window.",
    "zh": "我会在树篱挡住窗户之前修剪它。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities can trim operating costs by improving energy efficiency in public buildings rather than reducing essential services.",
    "zh": "地方政府可以通过提高公共建筑的能源效率来削减运营成本，而不是减少基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "trim a hedge｜修剪树篱",
   "trim costs｜削减成本",
   "a quick trim｜简单修剪",
   "keep trim｜保持苗条健壮"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trimming (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式trimmed、现在分词trimming都双写m。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trim"
 },
 {
  "w": "barely",
  "uk": "/ˈbeəli/",
  "us": "/ˈberli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "几乎不；勉强",
    "en": "Only just; almost not"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "仅仅；刚好",
    "en": "No more than a small amount or a particular limit"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I could barely hear her above the heavy rain.",
    "zh": "雨声太大，我几乎听不清她说话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many low-income households can barely afford basic necessities, leaving little money for education or preventive healthcare.",
    "zh": "许多低收入家庭勉强负担得起基本生活必需品，几乎没有余钱用于教育或预防保健。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "barely visible｜几乎看不见的",
   "barely enough｜勉强足够",
   "barely survive｜勉强维持生存",
   "barely notice｜几乎没注意到"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bare (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hardly",
   "scarcely"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "本身含否定意义，通常不再与not连用。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "barely"
 },
 {
  "w": "confession",
  "uk": "/kənˈfeʃən/",
  "us": "/kənˈfeʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "供认；坦白",
    "en": "an admission that you have done something wrong"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宗教上的忏悔",
    "en": "the act of admitting sins, especially to a priest"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I have a confession: I ate the last biscuit.",
    "zh": "我得坦白：最后一块饼干是我吃的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Courts should examine whether a confession was obtained voluntarily before accepting it as reliable evidence.",
    "zh": "法庭在将供词采纳为可靠证据之前，应审查其是否出于自愿。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a confession｜作出坦白",
   "extract a confession｜逼取口供",
   "a false confession｜虚假供认",
   "go to confession｜去忏悔"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "confess (v.)",
   "confessional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "admission"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "denial"
  ],
  "tip": "confession to 后接名词或动名词；不表示“自由”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "confession"
 },
 {
  "w": "publicly",
  "uk": "/ˈpʌblɪkli/",
  "us": "/ˈpʌblɪkli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "公开地；当众",
    "en": "in a way that people generally can see or know"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "由政府或公众出资地",
    "en": "through government or community funding or ownership"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She publicly thanked the neighbours who found her cat.",
    "zh": "她公开感谢了帮她找到猫的邻居们。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Research funded by taxpayers should be publicly available so that everyone can benefit from its findings.",
    "zh": "由纳税人资助的研究应向公众开放，让所有人都能从研究成果中受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "publicly available｜公众可获取的",
   "publicly funded｜由公共资金资助的",
   "publicly acknowledge｜公开承认",
   "publicly owned｜公有的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "public (adj.)",
   "publicity (n.)",
   "publicise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "openly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "privately"
  ],
  "tip": "拼写是publicly，不是publically。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "publicly"
 },
 {
  "w": "accessible",
  "uk": "/əkˈsesəbl/",
  "us": "/əkˈsesəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可进入的；可使用的",
    "en": "easy to reach, enter, obtain, or use"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "易懂的",
    "en": "easy for people to understand"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The garden is accessible through a small wooden gate.",
    "zh": "穿过一扇小木门就能进入花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries should provide digital resources that are accessible to users with a wide range of abilities.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆应提供各种能力水平的用户都能使用的数字资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "accessible to everyone｜人人可使用的",
   "wheelchair accessible｜可供轮椅通行的",
   "readily accessible｜很容易获取的",
   "accessible language｜通俗易懂的语言"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "access (n.)",
   "access (v.)",
   "accessibility (n.)",
   "inaccessible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reachable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inaccessible"
  ],
  "tip": "常用accessible to sb；易懂的内容也可用此词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accessible"
 },
 {
  "w": "rust",
  "uk": "/rʌst/",
  "us": "/rʌst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铁锈",
    "en": "A reddish-brown substance that forms on iron exposed to moisture."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "生锈；使生锈",
    "en": "To develop rust or cause metal to develop rust."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Orange rust covered the chain of my old bicycle.",
    "zh": "我那辆旧自行车的链条上布满了橙色铁锈。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular maintenance prevents steel bridges from rusting and reduces the long-term cost of infrastructure repairs.",
    "zh": "定期养护可防止钢桥生锈，并降低基础设施维修的长期成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remove rust｜除锈",
   "prevent rust｜防锈",
   "rust away｜锈蚀损坏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rusty (adj.)",
   "rustproof (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "技能生疏常用rusty：My French is rusty。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rust"
 },
 {
  "w": "overcast",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈkɑːst/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊvərkæst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "阴天的；乌云密布的",
    "en": "Covered with clouds, making the sky dull and grey."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sky was overcast when we left for school.",
    "zh": "我们出门上学时，天空阴云密布。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although overcast conditions reduce solar electricity generation, modern panels can still produce useful amounts of power.",
    "zh": "虽然阴天会降低太阳能发电量，但现代太阳能板仍能产生可供使用的电力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an overcast sky｜阴云密布的天空",
   "an overcast day｜阴天",
   "overcast conditions｜阴天天气状况"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cloudy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "clear",
   "sunny"
  ],
  "tip": "指天空被云层覆盖，不一定下雨。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overcast"
 },
 {
  "w": "portion",
  "uk": "/ˈpɔːʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈpɔːrʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一部分",
    "en": "A part or share of something larger."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一份食物",
    "en": "An amount of food served to one person."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分配；把食物分份",
    "en": "To divide food into amounts for different people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A large portion of our garden is shaded.",
    "zh": "我们花园里有很大一部分处于阴凉处。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Housing costs consume a substantial portion of household income, particularly in cities with limited affordable accommodation.",
    "zh": "住房开支占家庭收入的很大一部分，在平价住房有限的城市尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a large portion of｜……的一大部分",
   "a substantial portion｜相当大的一部分",
   "generous portions｜分量充足的食物",
   "portion size｜每份食物的分量"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "part",
   "share"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "whole"
  ],
  "tip": "portion可指整体的一部分，也常指一人份食物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "portion"
 },
 {
  "w": "twig",
  "uk": "/twɪɡ/",
  "us": "/twɪɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "细枝；嫩枝",
    "en": "a small, thin branch of a tree or bush"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "突然明白；察觉",
    "en": "to suddenly understand or notice something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A sparrow carried a twig back to its nest.",
    "zh": "一只麻雀衔着一根细枝飞回了巢里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Leaving fallen twigs on forest floors provides shelter for insects and supports the natural recycling of nutrients.",
    "zh": "将掉落的细枝留在林地上能为昆虫提供庇护，并促进养分的自然循环。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dry twigs｜干树枝",
   "snap a twig｜折断细枝",
   "twig that｜突然意识到"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词义为英式非正式用法；过去式twigged。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "twig"
 },
 {
  "w": "log",
  "uk": "/lɒɡ/",
  "us": "/lɔːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "原木；木柴",
    "en": "a thick piece of wood cut from a tree"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "日志；记录",
    "en": "a detailed record of events or activities"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "记录",
    "en": "to record information about events, activities, or measurements"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sat on a fallen log beside the lake.",
    "zh": "我们坐在湖边一段倒下的树干上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers log changes in water temperature to assess how climate change affects freshwater ecosystems over time.",
    "zh": "研究人员记录水温变化，以评估气候变化长期以来对淡水生态系统的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fallen log｜倒下的树干",
   "keep a log｜记日志",
   "log data｜记录数据",
   "log in｜登录"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "logging (n.)",
   "logger (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词过去式为logged；log in表示登录。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "log"
 },
 {
  "w": "dresser",
  "uk": "/ˈdresə/",
  "us": "/ˈdresər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抽屉柜（美式）",
    "en": "A piece of furniture with drawers for storing clothes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "餐具柜（英式）",
    "en": "A kitchen cupboard with shelves above for displaying dishes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "穿着某种风格的人",
    "en": "A person who dresses in a particular way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I put my clean socks in the bedroom dresser.",
    "zh": "我把干净袜子放进卧室的抽屉柜里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring an old dresser rather than buying new furniture can reduce waste and conserve natural resources.",
    "zh": "修复旧抽屉柜而非购买新家具，可以减少浪费并节约自然资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bedroom dresser｜卧室抽屉柜",
   "kitchen dresser｜厨房餐具柜",
   "a smart dresser｜穿着讲究的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dress (v.)",
   "dressed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常指衣物抽屉柜，英式常指餐具柜。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dresser"
 },
 {
  "w": "observation",
  "uk": "/ˌɒbzəˈveɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɑːbzɚˈveɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "观察；监测",
    "en": "The act of watching carefully to learn or check something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "观察所得；评论",
    "en": "Something noticed or a comment based on what you notice."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor kept him in hospital overnight for observation.",
    "zh": "医生让他留院观察一晚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Careful observation of children's behaviour helps teachers identify learning difficulties and provide appropriate support at an early stage.",
    "zh": "仔细观察儿童的行为有助于教师及早发现学习困难，并提供适当支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "close observation｜仔细观察",
   "under observation｜受到观察或监测",
   "make an observation｜发表观察意见",
   "direct observation｜直接观察"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "observe (v.)",
   "observer (n.)",
   "observant (adj.)",
   "observational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "monitoring",
   "remark"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "观察活动通常不可数；一条观察意见可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "observation"
 },
 {
  "w": "wealthy",
  "uk": "/ˈwelθi/",
  "us": "/ˈwelθi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "富有的；富裕的",
    "en": "Having a large amount of money or valuable possessions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A wealthy neighbour donated new equipment to our playground.",
    "zh": "一位富裕的邻居为我们的游乐场捐赠了新设备。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wealthy countries can support global development by investing in clean energy projects in poorer regions.",
    "zh": "富裕国家可以通过投资较贫困地区的清洁能源项目来支持全球发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wealthy family｜富裕家庭",
   "wealthy countries｜富裕国家",
   "wealthy individuals｜富裕人士"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wealth (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rich",
   "affluent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "poor"
  ],
  "tip": "the wealthy指富人群体；wealthy本身是形容词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wealthy"
 },
 {
  "w": "upgrade",
  "uk": "/ʌpˈɡreɪd/",
  "us": "/ʌpˈɡreɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "升级；改进",
    "en": "To improve something or replace it with a better version."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "升级；改良版本",
    "en": "An improvement or a newer, better version of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We upgraded our old computer with a faster processor.",
    "zh": "我们给旧电脑换上了更快的处理器。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should upgrade ageing water systems to reduce waste and provide reliable supplies for growing urban populations.",
    "zh": "政府应升级老旧供水系统，以减少浪费，并为不断增长的城市人口提供可靠供水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "upgrade software｜升级软件",
   "upgrade to｜升级为",
   "a system upgrade｜系统升级"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "upgradable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "improve",
   "enhance"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "downgrade"
  ],
  "tip": "动词重音在后，名词重音在前。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "upgrade"
 },
 {
  "w": "hesitant",
  "uk": "/ˈhezɪtənt/",
  "us": "/ˈhezɪtənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "犹豫的；迟疑的",
    "en": "slow to act or speak because you feel uncertain"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She looked hesitant before stepping onto the narrow bridge.",
    "zh": "踏上那座窄桥前，她显得有些犹豫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some older consumers remain hesitant to use online banking because they worry about financial security.",
    "zh": "一些年长消费者仍不愿贸然使用网上银行，因为他们担心资金安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hesitant to agree｜犹豫着不肯同意",
   "hesitant about change｜对改变犹豫不决",
   "a hesitant smile｜迟疑的微笑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hesitate (v.)",
   "hesitation (n.)",
   "hesitantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "uncertain",
   "unsure"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "confident",
   "decisive"
  ],
  "tip": "常用 hesitant to do 或 hesitant about sth。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hesitant"
 },
 {
  "w": "incidentally",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnsɪˈdentəli/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnsɪˈdentəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "顺便说一句",
    "en": "Used to introduce an additional or loosely related remark"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "附带地；偶然地",
    "en": "As a secondary result, rather than the main purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Incidentally, your scarf is still hanging by our door.",
    "zh": "顺便说一句，你的围巾还挂在我们家门边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children may learn new vocabulary incidentally while watching educational programmes, even when language learning is not their main goal.",
    "zh": "孩子们看教育节目时，即使主要目的不是学习语言，也可能附带学到新词汇。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "incidentally acquired｜附带习得的",
   "learn incidentally｜附带学到",
   "mention incidentally｜顺带提及"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "incidental (adj.)",
   "incident (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "by the way"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "句首常表示“顺便说”；不等于所有语境中的偶然。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "incidentally"
 },
 {
  "w": "bulb",
  "uk": "/bʌlb/",
  "us": "/bʌlb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电灯泡",
    "en": "A glass or plastic device that produces electric light."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鳞茎",
    "en": "A rounded underground plant part that stores food and grows shoots."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen bulb failed while I was washing dishes.",
    "zh": "我洗碗时，厨房的灯泡坏了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing traditional bulbs with energy-efficient alternatives can reduce household electricity consumption and lower long-term costs.",
    "zh": "用节能灯泡替换传统灯泡可以减少家庭用电量，并降低长期成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "light bulb｜电灯泡",
   "change a bulb｜换灯泡",
   "energy-saving bulb｜节能灯泡",
   "plant bulbs｜种植鳞茎"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bulbous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指灯泡，也指洋葱、水仙等植物的鳞茎。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bulb"
 },
 {
  "w": "thicken",
  "uk": "/ˈθɪkən/",
  "us": "/ˈθɪkən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变稠；使变稠",
    "en": "To become thicker, or make a liquid thicker."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变厚或密；使增厚",
    "en": "To become or make something thicker or denser."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Add a little flour to thicken the mushroom sauce.",
    "zh": "加一点面粉，让蘑菇酱变稠。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As coastal fog thickens, transport operators may need to reduce services to maintain passenger safety.",
    "zh": "随着沿海雾气变浓，运输运营商可能需要减少班次，以保障乘客安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thicken a sauce｜使酱汁变稠",
   "fog thickens｜雾变浓",
   "the plot thickens｜情况变得更扑朔迷离"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thick (adj.)",
   "thickness (n.)",
   "thickener (n.)",
   "thickly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "thin"
  ],
  "tip": "可及物也可不及物：thicken soup；soup thickens。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thicken"
 },
 {
  "w": "capacity",
  "uk": "/kəˈpæsəti/",
  "us": "/kəˈpæsəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "容量；容纳能力",
    "en": "the maximum amount something can hold or accommodate"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "能力；生产能力",
    "en": "the ability or resources to do or produce something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "身份；职务",
    "en": "a particular role in which someone acts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small lift has a capacity of six people.",
    "zh": "这部小电梯最多能容纳六个人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in renewable energy can expand electricity generation capacity while reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "投资可再生能源可以扩大发电能力，同时减少对进口化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "seating capacity｜座位容量",
   "production capacity｜生产能力",
   "capacity to learn｜学习能力",
   "in a professional capacity｜以专业人士身份"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "能力用capacity to do；身份用in one's capacity as。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "capacity"
 },
 {
  "w": "query",
  "uk": "/ˈkwɪəri/",
  "us": "/ˈkwɪri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "询问；疑问",
    "en": "A question or request for information"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "询问；对……提出质疑",
    "en": "To ask about something or question whether it is correct"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The receptionist answered my query about the swimming pool.",
    "zh": "接待员回答了我关于游泳池的询问。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers should query unexpected charges on their bills rather than assume that automated payment systems are always accurate.",
    "zh": "消费者应对账单上的意外收费提出疑问，而不是认为自动支付系统总是准确的。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "answer a query｜回答询问",
   "raise a query｜提出疑问",
   "query a charge｜质疑一笔收费",
   "a database query｜数据库查询"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "question",
   "enquiry"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "query作动词可直接接所质疑的费用或决定。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "query"
 },
 {
  "w": "gaze",
  "uk": "/ɡeɪz/",
  "us": "/ɡeɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "凝视；注视",
    "en": "To look steadily at something for a long time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "凝视；注视的目光",
    "en": "A steady look directed at someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Lina gazed at the moon through her bedroom window.",
    "zh": "莉娜透过卧室窗户凝望着月亮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors often gaze at historic buildings, yet overlook the maintenance work required to preserve these cultural treasures.",
    "zh": "游客常常凝望历史建筑，却忽视了保护这些文化瑰宝所需的维护工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gaze at｜凝视",
   "gaze out of the window｜凝望窗外",
   "meet someone's gaze｜与某人目光相接",
   "avert one's gaze｜移开目光"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "stare"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常接at；比glance看得久，通常比stare柔和。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gaze"
 },
 {
  "w": "sin",
  "uk": "/sɪn/",
  "us": "/sɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "罪；罪孽",
    "en": "an action that breaks a religious or moral rule"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "犯宗教或道德上的罪",
    "en": "to break a religious or moral rule"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He believed that lying to his friends was a sin.",
    "zh": "他认为对朋友撒谎是一种罪过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ideas about sin can influence social attitudes, even in societies where religious participation is declining.",
    "zh": "即使在宗教参与度下降的社会，对罪的观念也可能影响社会态度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commit a sin｜犯下罪过",
   "confess one's sins｜忏悔罪过",
   "sin against｜违背；冒犯"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sinful (adj.)",
   "sinner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wrongdoing"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "侧重宗教或道德上的罪，不等于法律上的crime。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sin"
 },
 {
  "w": "resist",
  "uk": "/rɪˈzɪst/",
  "us": "/rɪˈzɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抵制；反抗",
    "en": "Oppose something or try to prevent it from happening"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "忍住；抵挡诱惑",
    "en": "Stop yourself from doing something tempting"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "耐受；抵御",
    "en": "Remain undamaged or unaffected by something harmful"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I could not resist buying another warm cinnamon bun.",
    "zh": "我忍不住又买了一个热乎乎的肉桂面包卷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees may resist technological change if they believe new systems will threaten their job security.",
    "zh": "如果员工认为新系统会威胁其工作保障，他们可能会抵制技术变革。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "resist change｜抵制变革",
   "resist temptation｜抵挡诱惑",
   "resist pressure｜顶住压力",
   "resist corrosion｜耐腐蚀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "resistance (n.)",
   "resistant (adj.)",
   "irresistible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "oppose",
   "withstand"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "yield"
  ],
  "tip": "表示忍住做某事，用resist doing，不用to do。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resist"
 },
 {
  "w": "deck",
  "uk": "/dek/",
  "us": "/dek/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "甲板；船或巴士的一层",
    "en": "a floor on a ship or a level of a bus"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "户外木制平台",
    "en": "a wooden outdoor platform beside a house"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一副纸牌",
    "en": "a complete set of playing cards"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stood on deck and watched dolphins swim past.",
    "zh": "我们站在甲板上，看着海豚游过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Passengers on the upper deck of sightseeing buses can enjoy clear views of historic buildings.",
    "zh": "观光巴士上层的乘客可以清楚地欣赏历史建筑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on deck｜在甲板上",
   "upper deck｜上层甲板；巴士上层",
   "wooden deck｜木制露台",
   "a deck of cards｜一副纸牌"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一副纸牌美式常用deck，英式也常用pack。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deck"
 },
 {
  "w": "drought",
  "uk": "/draʊt/",
  "us": "/draʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "干旱；旱灾",
    "en": "A long period with little or no rain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The river dried up during the long drought.",
    "zh": "在那场持续很久的干旱中，河流干涸了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged drought can reduce agricultural yields and force rural communities to depend on imported food.",
    "zh": "长期干旱会降低农业产量，迫使农村社区依赖进口粮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "severe drought｜严重干旱",
   "prolonged drought｜长期干旱",
   "drought conditions｜干旱状况",
   "drought relief｜抗旱救助"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "读音押韵于out；不要与draught混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drought"
 },
 {
  "w": "engage",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吸引；使投入",
    "en": "To attract someone's attention and keep them interested or involved."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "参与；从事",
    "en": "To take part in an activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "雇用；聘请",
    "en": "To hire someone to perform a particular job."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puppet show engaged even the youngest children.",
    "zh": "这场木偶戏连最小的孩子都吸引住了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should encourage students to engage in community activities that develop cooperation and a sense of responsibility.",
    "zh": "学校应鼓励学生参与社区活动，培养合作能力和责任感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "engage in discussion｜参与讨论",
   "engage with an audience｜与观众互动",
   "engage someone's attention｜吸引某人的注意",
   "engage a consultant｜聘请顾问"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "engagement (n.)",
   "engaging (adj.)",
   "engaged (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "involve",
   "attract",
   "hire"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disengage"
  ],
  "tip": "参与活动用engage in；与人互动用engage with。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "engage"
 },
 {
  "w": "parliament",
  "uk": "/ˈpɑːləmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːrləmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "议会；国会",
    "en": "A country's group of representatives that debates and makes laws"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our class visited parliament and watched a lively debate.",
    "zh": "我们班参观了议会，观看了一场热烈的辩论。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Parliament should examine the long-term environmental consequences of major infrastructure projects before approving public funding.",
    "zh": "议会应在批准公共拨款前，审查重大基础设施项目的长期环境影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "member of parliament｜议会议员",
   "parliamentary debate｜议会辩论",
   "dissolve parliament｜解散议会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "parliamentary (adj.)",
   "parliamentarian (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "legislature"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "特指某国议会时常大写；英国议员简称MP。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "parliament"
 },
 {
  "w": "ridiculous",
  "uk": "/rɪˈdɪkjələs/",
  "us": "/rɪˈdɪkjələs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "荒谬的；可笑的",
    "en": "Extremely silly or unreasonable and deserving to be laughed at."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This tiny sandwich costs a ridiculous amount of money.",
    "zh": "这么小的三明治，价格却贵得离谱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It is ridiculous to expect public transport use to increase without improving the reliability of existing services.",
    "zh": "不提高现有服务的可靠性，却指望公共交通使用量增加，这是荒谬的。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a ridiculous idea｜荒谬的想法",
   "look ridiculous｜看起来可笑",
   "absolutely ridiculous｜简直荒唐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ridiculously (adv.)",
   "ridiculousness (n.)",
   "ridicule (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "absurd",
   "ludicrous",
   "preposterous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reasonable",
   "sensible"
  ],
  "tip": "语气较强，强调荒唐不合理，不只是有趣。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ridiculous"
 },
 {
  "w": "lump",
  "uk": "/lʌmp/",
  "us": "/lʌmp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "块；团",
    "en": "A solid piece without a regular shape."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肿块",
    "en": "A swelling under the skin or in body tissue."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把……归为一类",
    "en": "To treat different things as one group, ignoring their differences."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She dropped a lump of clay onto the table.",
    "zh": "她把一团黏土放到了桌子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policymakers should not lump all unemployed people together, as their circumstances and support needs vary considerably.",
    "zh": "政策制定者不应把所有失业者一概而论，因为他们的处境和援助需求差异很大。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a lump of clay｜一团黏土",
   "a lump sum｜一次性支付的款项",
   "lump together｜不加区别地归为一类",
   "a lump in your throat｜哽咽感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lumpy (adj.)",
   "lumpiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lump together常暗示忽略差异，笼统归类。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lump"
 },
 {
  "w": "discriminate",
  "uk": "/dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "歧视；区别对待",
    "en": "Treat people unfairly because of their group or personal characteristics"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "辨别；区分",
    "en": "Recognise differences between things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our club does not discriminate against anyone because of age.",
    "zh": "我们的俱乐部不会因年龄而歧视任何人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers must not discriminate against applicants on the basis of disability, gender, or cultural background.",
    "zh": "雇主不得基于残障、性别或文化背景歧视求职者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "discriminate against｜歧视",
   "discriminate on the basis of age｜基于年龄区别对待",
   "discriminate between｜区分"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "discrimination (n.)",
   "discriminatory (adj.)",
   "discriminating (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "歧视某人用against；区分两者用between。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "discriminate"
 },
 {
  "w": "negotiation",
  "uk": "/nɪˌɡəʊʃiˈeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/nɪˌɡoʊʃiˈeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谈判；协商",
    "en": "Discussion aimed at reaching an agreement between different parties."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After some negotiation, we agreed on a fair price.",
    "zh": "经过一番协商，我们商定了一个公平的价格。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Successful negotiation between employers and workers can prevent disputes and improve conditions throughout an industry.",
    "zh": "雇主与工人之间成功的谈判可以防止纠纷，并改善整个行业的工作条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enter into negotiations｜开始谈判",
   "negotiation skills｜谈判技巧",
   "under negotiation｜正在协商中",
   "peace negotiations｜和平谈判"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "negotiate (v.)",
   "negotiator (n.)",
   "negotiable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "talks",
   "discussions"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "谈判过程常用不可数形式；多轮会谈常用复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "negotiation"
 },
 {
  "w": "coward",
  "uk": "/ˈkaʊəd/",
  "us": "/ˈkaʊərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胆小鬼；懦夫",
    "en": "Someone who avoids danger or difficulty because of fear"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He called himself a coward for avoiding the conversation.",
    "zh": "他因为逃避那次谈话而骂自己是个懦夫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Calling someone a coward may discourage them from discussing their fears or seeking appropriate support.",
    "zh": "称某人为胆小鬼，可能会使其不愿谈论自己的恐惧或寻求适当支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a complete coward｜十足的胆小鬼",
   "call someone a coward｜称某人为懦夫"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cowardly (adj.)",
   "cowardice (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "coward是名词，形容词用cowardly；称人时含贬义。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coward"
 },
 {
  "w": "miniature",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪnətʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪnətʃɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "微型的；缩小的",
    "en": "Much smaller than the usual size of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "微缩模型；微型画",
    "en": "A very small model or finely detailed small painting."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin built a miniature castle from spare wood.",
    "zh": "我表亲用剩余木料做了一座微型城堡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Architects often use miniature models to demonstrate how proposed buildings will fit into existing urban neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "建筑师常用微缩模型展示拟建建筑将如何融入现有城市街区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "miniature model｜微缩模型",
   "miniature railway｜微型铁路",
   "in miniature｜以缩小形式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "miniaturize (v.)",
   "miniaturization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tiny",
   "small-scale"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "full-size"
  ],
  "tip": "in miniature 表示“以缩小的形式”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "miniature"
 },
 {
  "w": "ruling",
  "uk": "/ˈruːlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈruːlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "执政的；统治的",
    "en": "Having political power over a country or group"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "裁决；裁定",
    "en": "An official decision made by a judge or authority"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The ruling party promised to improve our local buses.",
    "zh": "执政党承诺改善我们当地的公交服务。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A recent court ruling requires employers to provide clearer information about working hours and holiday entitlement.",
    "zh": "法院最近的一项裁决要求雇主更清楚地说明工作时间和休假权利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the ruling party｜执政党",
   "the ruling class｜统治阶级",
   "a court ruling｜法院裁决",
   "issue a ruling｜作出裁决"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rule (v.)",
   "rule (n.)",
   "ruler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "governing"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作形容词通常放在名词前；作名词指正式裁决。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ruling"
 },
 {
  "w": "expiry",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspaɪəri/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspaɪri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "到期；期满",
    "en": "The end of the period when something remains valid."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My passport is getting close to its expiry date.",
    "zh": "我的护照快到期了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Travellers should check the expiry date of their passports before making any international travel arrangements.",
    "zh": "旅客应在安排任何国际行程之前检查护照的到期日。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "expiry date｜到期日",
   "on expiry｜期满时",
   "expiry of a contract｜合同到期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expire (v.)",
   "expiration (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "expiration"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指“到期”而非“逾期”；美式常用expiration。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expiry"
 },
 {
  "w": "retain",
  "uk": "/rɪˈteɪn/",
  "us": "/rɪˈteɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "保留；保持",
    "en": "keep or continue to have something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "记住",
    "en": "keep information in your memory"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "聘请；留聘",
    "en": "pay to keep someone's professional services available"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This old house still retains its original wooden doors.",
    "zh": "这座老房子仍保留着原来的木门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working arrangements can help companies retain experienced employees while improving overall job satisfaction.",
    "zh": "灵活的工作安排能帮助企业留住经验丰富的员工，同时提高整体工作满意度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "retain control｜保持控制权",
   "retain information｜记住信息",
   "retain staff｜留住员工",
   "retain moisture｜保持水分"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "retention (n.)",
   "retentive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "keep",
   "preserve"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lose"
  ],
  "tip": "正式用词，直接接宾语；记住知识也可用retain。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "retain"
 },
 {
  "w": "flee",
  "uk": "/fliː/",
  "us": "/fliː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逃离；逃走",
    "en": "To leave quickly to escape danger or an unpleasant situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The birds fled when the dog entered the garden.",
    "zh": "狗一进花园，鸟儿就飞走了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Severe flooding can force rural families to flee their homes and seek shelter in nearby towns.",
    "zh": "严重洪灾可能迫使农村家庭逃离家园，到附近城镇寻求庇护。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flee danger｜逃离危险",
   "flee the country｜逃离该国",
   "flee from persecution｜逃避迫害"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fleeing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "escape",
   "run away"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为fled；可直接接逃离的地点。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flee"
 },
 {
  "w": "freedom",
  "uk": "/ˈfriːdəm/",
  "us": "/ˈfriːdəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自由；自主权",
    "en": "The right or ability to act without unnecessary restrictions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "免受；摆脱",
    "en": "The state of not experiencing something unpleasant."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Living alone gives me freedom to choose my own routine.",
    "zh": "独居让我可以自由安排自己的日常生活。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should protect academic freedom while encouraging researchers to consider the social consequences of their work.",
    "zh": "大学应保护学术自由，同时鼓励研究人员考虑其工作的社会影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "freedom of speech｜言论自由",
   "freedom to choose｜选择的自由",
   "academic freedom｜学术自由",
   "freedom from fear｜免于恐惧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "free (adj.)",
   "free (v.)",
   "freely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "liberty"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "captivity"
  ],
  "tip": "freedom to do表示做某事的自由；from表示免受。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "freedom"
 },
 {
  "w": "bore",
  "uk": "/bɔː/",
  "us": "/bɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使厌烦；使无聊",
    "en": "To make someone feel uninterested or tired of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "钻孔；凿洞",
    "en": "To make a hole using a tool or machine."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "无趣的人或事",
    "en": "A person or activity that is dull and uninteresting."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Long meetings bore me, especially when nobody has anything new.",
    "zh": "冗长的会议让我厌烦，尤其是大家都没有新内容可说时。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Lessons that rely entirely on memorisation may bore students and discourage them from exploring ideas independently.",
    "zh": "完全依赖记忆的课程可能让学生感到无聊，并削弱他们独立探索想法的意愿。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bore someone to tears｜使某人极其厌烦",
   "bore a hole｜钻孔",
   "a terrible bore｜极其无趣的人或事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bored (adj.)",
   "boring (adj.)",
   "boredom (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "人感到无聊用bored；事物令人无聊用boring。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bore"
 },
 {
  "w": "veil",
  "uk": "/veɪl/",
  "us": "/veɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "面纱；面罩",
    "en": "a thin piece of material covering the face or head"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "遮蔽物；掩饰",
    "en": "something that hides or makes something else less clear"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "遮掩；掩饰",
    "en": "to hide something or prevent it from being clearly understood"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She lifted her veil to take a sip of water.",
    "zh": "她掀起面纱，喝了一小口水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A veil of secrecy around major planning decisions can weaken public trust in local government.",
    "zh": "重大规划决策被秘密笼罩，会削弱公众对地方政府的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wear a veil｜戴面纱",
   "a veil of secrecy｜神秘的掩盖",
   "thinly veiled criticism｜几乎不加掩饰的批评"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "veiled (adj.)",
   "unveil (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a veil of可比喻一层遮掩；veiled也表示含蓄的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "veil"
 },
 {
  "w": "incomplete",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnkəmˈpliːt/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnkəmˈpliːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不完整的；未完成的",
    "en": "missing some parts or not yet finished"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puzzle is incomplete because several pieces are missing.",
    "zh": "这幅拼图不完整，因为少了好几块。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policies based on incomplete data may fail to address the needs of the most vulnerable communities.",
    "zh": "基于不完整数据制定的政策，可能无法满足最弱势群体的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "incomplete information｜不完整的信息",
   "incomplete data｜不完整的数据",
   "an incomplete application｜材料不全的申请"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "complete (adj.)",
   "completely (adv.)",
   "incompletely (adv.)",
   "completion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unfinished",
   "partial"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "complete"
  ],
  "tip": "incomplete可指缺少部分，也可指工作尚未做完。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "incomplete"
 },
 {
  "w": "batch",
  "uk": "/bætʃ/",
  "us": "/bætʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一批；一炉",
    "en": "A group of things made or dealt with together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分批处理",
    "en": "Arrange or process things together in groups."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The first batch of bread is cooling on the counter.",
    "zh": "第一炉面包正放在台面上晾凉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Testing each batch of food before distribution helps manufacturers maintain consistent quality and protect public health.",
    "zh": "食品配送前对每一批进行检测，有助于生产商保持质量稳定并保护公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a batch of｜一批……",
   "in batches｜分批地",
   "batch production｜分批生产",
   "batch processing｜批量处理"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "batch强调一起生产或处理的一批，常接of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "batch"
 },
 {
  "w": "ray",
  "uk": "/reɪ/",
  "us": "/reɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "光线；射线",
    "en": "A narrow beam of light or other radiation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一线；少许",
    "en": "A small amount of something positive"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鳐鱼",
    "en": "A flat sea fish with broad fins and a long tail"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A ray of sunlight fell across the sleeping cat.",
    "zh": "一缕阳光照在熟睡的猫身上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays can damage the skin, making sun protection an important public health concern.",
    "zh": "过度暴露于紫外线会损伤皮肤，因此防晒是一个重要的公共卫生问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a ray of sunlight｜一缕阳光",
   "ultraviolet rays｜紫外线",
   "a ray of hope｜一线希望"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "beam"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a ray of hope是比喻，意为“一线希望”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ray"
 },
 {
  "w": "worthless",
  "uk": "/ˈwɜːθləs/",
  "us": "/ˈwɝːθləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无价值的；无用的",
    "en": "having no value or practical use"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Without its missing parts, this old machine is worthless.",
    "zh": "缺了那些零件，这台旧机器就毫无用处。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital skills can quickly become worthless if training focuses only on tools that are soon outdated.",
    "zh": "如果培训只关注很快就会过时的工具，数字技能可能迅速失去价值。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "virtually worthless｜几乎毫无价值的",
   "worthless information｜无用的信息",
   "worthless investment｜毫无价值的投资"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "worth (n.)",
   "worthy (adj.)",
   "worthlessness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "valueless",
   "useless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "valuable",
   "useful"
  ],
  "tip": "worthless指无价值；priceless反而指极珍贵。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "worthless"
 },
 {
  "w": "vaccine",
  "uk": "/ˈvæksiːn/",
  "us": "/vækˈsiːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疫苗",
    "en": "a substance that trains the immune system to resist disease"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse explained how the vaccine helps protect against illness.",
    "zh": "护士解释了这种疫苗如何帮助预防疾病。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ensuring fair access to vaccines is essential for protecting vulnerable populations and reducing the spread of infectious diseases.",
    "zh": "确保公平获得疫苗，对保护易受感染人群和减少传染病传播至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "develop a vaccine｜研发疫苗",
   "receive a vaccine｜接种疫苗",
   "vaccine safety｜疫苗安全性",
   "vaccine development｜疫苗研发"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vaccinate (v.)",
   "vaccination (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "接种某病疫苗常用a vaccine against某疾病。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vaccine"
 },
 {
  "w": "mainland",
  "uk": "/ˈmeɪnlənd/",
  "us": "/ˈmeɪnlənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大陆；本土",
    "en": "The main land area, excluding nearby islands."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大陆的；本土的",
    "en": "Located on or relating to the main land area."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We caught the morning ferry back to the mainland.",
    "zh": "我们乘早班渡轮回到了大陆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable transport links between small islands and the mainland are essential for healthcare access and economic development.",
    "zh": "小岛与大陆之间可靠的交通联系对获得医疗服务和经济发展至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on the mainland｜在大陆上",
   "mainland Europe｜欧洲大陆",
   "mainland residents｜大陆居民"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词常用the mainland；作定语如mainland Europe。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mainland"
 },
 {
  "w": "disturbance",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstɜːbəns/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstɝːbəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "干扰；打扰",
    "en": "something that interrupts normal activity, peace, or functioning"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "骚乱；混乱",
    "en": "an incident involving noisy or disorderly public behaviour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The drilling upstairs caused a disturbance during our dinner.",
    "zh": "楼上的钻孔声打扰了我们吃晚饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Construction near protected wetlands can cause significant disturbance to nesting birds, particularly during the breeding season.",
    "zh": "在受保护湿地附近施工可能严重干扰筑巢的鸟类，尤其是在繁殖季节。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cause a disturbance｜造成干扰",
   "noise disturbance｜噪声干扰",
   "sleep disturbance｜睡眠障碍",
   "public disturbance｜公共场所骚乱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disturb (v.)",
   "disturbed (adj.)",
   "disturbing (adj.)",
   "undisturbed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disruption",
   "interruption"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "disturbance可指安宁被打破，也可指身体功能紊乱。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disturbance"
 },
 {
  "w": "pat",
  "uk": "/pæt/",
  "us": "/pæt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "轻拍；抚拍",
    "en": "To touch gently several times with a flat hand."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轻拍；抚拍",
    "en": "A gentle touch made with a flat hand."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She patted the dog gently as it fell asleep.",
    "zh": "狗渐渐睡着时，她轻轻地拍抚着它。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A gentle pat on the shoulder can offer reassurance, although attitudes towards physical contact vary across cultures.",
    "zh": "轻拍肩膀可以让人安心，不过不同文化对身体接触的态度有所不同。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pat someone on the back｜轻拍某人的背",
   "give someone a pat｜轻拍某人",
   "pat dry｜轻拍吸干"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "tap",
   "stroke"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式patted、现在分词patting均双写t。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pat"
 },
 {
  "w": "demonstration",
  "uk": "/ˌdemənˈstreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdemənˈstreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "演示；示范",
    "en": "An act of showing how something works or is done"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "示威；游行",
    "en": "A public gathering expressing strong opinions about an issue"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "证明；表露",
    "en": "An action or event that clearly shows something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The chef gave a demonstration of bread making.",
    "zh": "厨师演示了如何制作面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A practical demonstration can help students understand scientific principles more effectively than a written explanation alone.",
    "zh": "实际演示比单纯的文字讲解更能帮助学生理解科学原理。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "give a demonstration｜进行演示",
   "a peaceful demonstration｜和平示威",
   "a demonstration of support｜支持的表示"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "demonstrate (v.)",
   "demonstrator (n.)",
   "demonstrable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "演示如何做某事常用demonstration of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "demonstration"
 },
 {
  "w": "hive",
  "uk": "/haɪv/",
  "us": "/haɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蜂箱；蜂巢",
    "en": "A structure where a colony of bees lives."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "繁忙的场所",
    "en": "A place full of busy people and activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The beekeeper lifted the lid and inspected the hive.",
    "zh": "养蜂人掀开盖子，检查了蜂箱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each community garden became a hive of activity as residents worked together to grow fresh vegetables.",
    "zh": "居民们共同种植新鲜蔬菜，使每个社区菜园都成为一派忙碌的场所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bee hive｜蜂箱",
   "a hive of activity｜繁忙的场所",
   "inspect a hive｜检查蜂箱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "beehive"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a hive of activity形容人们忙碌活动的场所。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hive"
 },
 {
  "w": "receiver",
  "uk": "/rɪˈsiːvə/",
  "us": "/rɪˈsiːvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "接收器；接收机",
    "en": "A device that receives radio, television, or other electronic signals."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电话听筒",
    "en": "The part of a telephone held to the ear and mouth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "接收者；收受者",
    "en": "A person who receives something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We adjusted the receiver until the music sounded clear.",
    "zh": "我们调试接收机，直到音乐听起来清晰为止。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A satellite receiver can provide remote communities with access to educational broadcasts and emergency information.",
    "zh": "卫星接收器能让偏远社区收听收看教育节目，并获取紧急信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "satellite receiver｜卫星接收器",
   "radio receiver｜无线电接收机",
   "pick up the receiver｜拿起电话听筒",
   "put down the receiver｜放下电话听筒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "receive (v.)",
   "reception (n.)",
   "recipient (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "receiver可指设备或人；收件人通常用recipient。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "receiver"
 },
 {
  "w": "inland",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnlənd/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnlənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "内陆的；内地的",
    "en": "Located away from the coast, towards the country's interior"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向内陆；在内陆",
    "en": "Away from the coast, towards or within the interior"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed in a quiet inland village surrounded by hills.",
    "zh": "我们住在一个群山环绕的宁静内陆村庄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As coastal flooding becomes more frequent, some communities may move inland to reduce their exposure to risk.",
    "zh": "随着沿海洪灾日益频繁，一些社区可能迁往内陆，以降低面临的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inland areas｜内陆地区",
   "inland waterways｜内陆水道",
   "move inland｜迁往内陆"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与coastal相对；作副词时也常重读第二音节。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inland"
 },
 {
  "w": "guardian",
  "uk": "/ˈɡɑːdiən/",
  "us": "/ˈɡɑːrdiən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "监护人",
    "en": "Someone legally responsible for a child or an adult needing care."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "守护者；保护者",
    "en": "A person or organization that protects something valuable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her aunt became her legal guardian and cared for her.",
    "zh": "她的姨妈成为她的法定监护人，照顾她的生活。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should involve parents or guardians in decisions that significantly affect children's education and emotional wellbeing.",
    "zh": "学校应让家长或监护人参与对儿童教育和心理健康有重大影响的决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "legal guardian｜法定监护人",
   "parent or guardian｜家长或监护人",
   "guardian of tradition｜传统的守护者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "guard (v.)",
   "guardianship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "protector",
   "custodian"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "法律语境中指监护人，不一定是孩子的父母。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "guardian"
 },
 {
  "w": "hardship",
  "uk": "/ˈhɑːdʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːrdʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "困苦；艰难境况",
    "en": "severe difficulty or suffering, especially from lacking basic necessities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Losing her job caused months of hardship for the family.",
    "zh": "她失业后，一家人经历了数月的困苦生活。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising housing costs can cause significant financial hardship for families already struggling to afford basic necessities.",
    "zh": "不断上涨的住房成本可能使那些已经难以负担基本生活必需品的家庭陷入严重的经济困境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "financial hardship｜经济困难",
   "face hardship｜面临困境",
   "endure hardship｜忍受困苦"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hard (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adversity",
   "privation"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "comfort"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指困苦通常不可数；具体磨难可用 hardships。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hardship"
 },
 {
  "w": "tactic",
  "uk": "/ˈtæktɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈtæktɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "策略；手段；战术",
    "en": "A particular action used to achieve a goal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her tactic was to practise before everyone else arrived.",
    "zh": "她的策略是在其他人到达之前先练习。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Offering cheaper public transport is one tactic cities can use to discourage unnecessary car journeys.",
    "zh": "提供更便宜的公共交通是城市减少不必要驾车出行的一种策略。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "effective tactic｜有效策略",
   "marketing tactic｜营销手段",
   "change tactics｜改变策略"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tactical (adj.)",
   "tactically (adv.)",
   "tactician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "method",
   "ploy"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "strategy指整体战略，tactic指具体手段。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tactic"
 },
 {
  "w": "sensational",
  "uk": "/senˈseɪʃənəl/",
  "us": "/senˈseɪʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "轰动的；耸人听闻的",
    "en": "Causing great excitement or shock, sometimes through exaggeration."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；令人惊叹的",
    "en": "Extremely impressive or enjoyable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sensational news left everyone at breakfast speechless.",
    "zh": "这条轰动的新闻让吃早餐的每个人都惊讶得说不出话来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sensational reporting may attract large audiences, but it can distort public understanding of important social issues.",
    "zh": "耸人听闻的报道可能吸引大量受众，却也可能扭曲公众对重要社会问题的理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sensational news｜轰动的新闻",
   "sensational reporting｜耸人听闻的报道",
   "sensational performance｜精彩绝伦的表演"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sensation (n.)",
   "sensationally (adv.)",
   "sensationalism (n.)",
   "sensationalise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容报道常含夸张之意；形容表演可意为精彩。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sensational"
 },
 {
  "w": "computerize",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpjuːtəraɪz/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpjuːtəraɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使计算机化",
    "en": "To use computers to manage a task, system, or information"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our local library plans to computerize its borrowing records.",
    "zh": "我们当地的图书馆计划用计算机管理借阅记录。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hospitals that computerize patient records can improve access to information, provided that adequate privacy safeguards are maintained.",
    "zh": "医院将患者记录计算机化，可以提高信息获取效率，前提是采取充分的隐私保护措施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "computerize records｜将记录计算机化",
   "computerize a system｜使系统计算机化",
   "a computerized database｜计算机数据库"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "computer (n.)",
   "computerization (n.)",
   "computerized (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也拼作computerise；常接records或system。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "computerize"
 },
 {
  "w": "nevertheless",
  "uk": "/ˌnevəðəˈles/",
  "us": "/ˌnevɚðəˈles/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "然而；尽管如此",
    "en": "Despite what has just been mentioned."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The climb was tiring; nevertheless, we enjoyed the view.",
    "zh": "爬山很累，但我们仍然欣赏到了美景。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport improvements require considerable investment; nevertheless, they can reduce congestion and improve urban air quality.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通需要大量投资，但这能缓解拥堵并改善城市空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "but nevertheless｜但尽管如此",
   "nevertheless remain｜尽管如此仍然保持"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "nonetheless",
   "however"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是副词，不是连词；连接独立句时可用分号。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nevertheless"
 },
 {
  "w": "shipwreck",
  "uk": "/ˈʃɪprek/",
  "us": "/ˈʃɪprek/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海难；船舶失事",
    "en": "An accident in which a ship is destroyed or sinks."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "失事船只；沉船残骸",
    "en": "The remains of a ship that has sunk or been destroyed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone survived the shipwreck and reached the nearby island.",
    "zh": "所有人都在海难中幸存，并抵达了附近的岛屿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying a shipwreck can reveal valuable information about historical trade routes and traditional methods of shipbuilding.",
    "zh": "研究沉船残骸可以揭示有关历史贸易路线和传统造船方法的宝贵信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "survive a shipwreck｜在海难中幸存",
   "an ancient shipwreck｜古代沉船",
   "explore a shipwreck｜探查沉船"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shipwrecked (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指失事事件，也指失事后留下的船体。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shipwreck"
 },
 {
  "w": "lick",
  "uk": "/lɪk/",
  "us": "/lɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "舔",
    "en": "Move your tongue across something, often to taste it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "舔；舔一下",
    "en": "An act of moving the tongue across something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puppy licked my hand and wagged its tail.",
    "zh": "小狗舔了舔我的手，摇着尾巴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors should not allow wild animals to lick their hands, as close contact may spread infections.",
    "zh": "游客不应让野生动物舔自己的手，因为近距离接触可能传播感染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lick your lips｜舔嘴唇",
   "lick an ice cream｜舔冰激凌",
   "give something a lick｜舔一下某物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lick指用舌头舔；咬用bite，吸吮用suck。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lick"
 },
 {
  "w": "sample",
  "uk": "/ˈsɑːmpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsæmpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "样品；样本",
    "en": "A small amount or group examined to understand a larger whole."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "取样；试尝；体验",
    "en": "Take a small amount for testing, or try something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The baker offered us a sample of fresh bread.",
    "zh": "面包师给了我们一小块新鲜面包试吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers collected a representative sample of households to investigate changes in energy consumption across the region.",
    "zh": "研究人员选取了具有代表性的家庭样本，以调查该地区能源消耗的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a representative sample｜代表性样本",
   "a blood sample｜血样",
   "a free sample｜免费样品",
   "sample local food｜品尝当地食物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sampling (n.)",
   "sampler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "specimen"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sample强调从整体取出的一部分；example常用于举例。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sample"
 },
 {
  "w": "alternative",
  "uk": "/ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/",
  "us": "/ɔːlˈtɝːnətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "替代选择；替代品",
    "en": "something you can choose instead of something else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可替代的；另一种的",
    "en": "available to use or choose instead of something else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "非传统的",
    "en": "different from what is usual or widely accepted"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cycling is a cheaper alternative to taking the bus.",
    "zh": "骑自行车是比坐公交车更便宜的出行选择。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should invest in alternative energy sources to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and improve energy security.",
    "zh": "政府应投资替代能源，以减少对化石燃料的依赖并提高能源安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an alternative to｜……的替代选择",
   "alternative energy｜替代能源",
   "a viable alternative｜可行的替代方案",
   "have no alternative｜别无选择"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "alternatively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "option",
   "substitute"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "替代某物用alternative to，不限于二选一。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alternative"
 },
 {
  "w": "sweeten",
  "uk": "/ˈswiːtən/",
  "us": "/ˈswiːtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使变甜；变甜",
    "en": "to make something sweeter or become sweeter"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使更有吸引力",
    "en": "to make an offer or situation more attractive"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I sweeten my porridge with a little honey.",
    "zh": "我会加一点蜂蜜，让粥甜一些。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers may sweeten job offers with flexible working hours to attract skilled candidates in competitive industries.",
    "zh": "竞争激烈的行业中，雇主可能提供弹性工作时间，让职位更具吸引力，从而吸引技术人才。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sweeten with honey｜用蜂蜜增加甜味",
   "sweeten the deal｜增加交易的吸引力",
   "sweeten an offer｜使提议更诱人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sweet (adj.)",
   "sweetener (n.)",
   "sweetness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sweeten the deal指增加优惠，让交易更诱人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sweeten"
 },
 {
  "w": "fuse",
  "uk": "/fjuːz/",
  "us": "/fjuːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保险丝；熔断器",
    "en": "A safety device that breaks a circuit when current is excessive."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "熔合；融合",
    "en": "To join together into one whole, often through heat."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "导火线；引信",
    "en": "A cord or device that makes an explosive charge go off."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The electrician replaced the fuse, and the lights came on.",
    "zh": "电工换了保险丝，灯就亮了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern design often fuses traditional craftsmanship with digital technology to create more sustainable consumer products.",
    "zh": "现代设计常将传统工艺与数字技术融合，以创造更可持续的消费品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blow a fuse｜烧断保险丝；大发雷霆",
   "replace a fuse｜更换保险丝",
   "fuse together｜融合在一起",
   "light a fuse｜点燃导火线"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fusion (n.)",
   "fusible (adj.)",
   "fused (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词指融合；blow a fuse也可比喻大发雷霆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fuse"
 },
 {
  "w": "trail",
  "uk": "/treɪl/",
  "us": "/treɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小径；路线",
    "en": "A path through countryside, forests, or mountains."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "踪迹；一串痕迹",
    "en": "A series of marks or objects left by something moving."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拖；落在后面",
    "en": "To drag behind something or move slowly behind others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We followed a narrow trail through the pine forest.",
    "zh": "我们沿着一条狭窄的小径穿过松林。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Maintaining walking trails can encourage outdoor recreation while protecting fragile habitats from uncontrolled visitor access.",
    "zh": "维护步行小径既能鼓励户外休闲，也能避免游客随意进入脆弱的栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a hiking trail｜徒步路线",
   "a trail of footprints｜一串脚印",
   "trail behind｜落在后面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trailing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "trail作名词可指小径或痕迹；trail behind指落在后面。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trail"
 },
 {
  "w": "budget",
  "uk": "/ˈbʌdʒɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈbʌdʒɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预算；预算额",
    "en": "A plan for spending money, or the amount available."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "编制预算",
    "en": "To plan how much money to spend on particular things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "廉价的；经济型的",
    "en": "Low in price compared with similar products or services."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We have a small budget for our weekend trip.",
    "zh": "我们周末旅行的预算不多。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local governments should allocate a larger share of their budget to maintaining public transport systems.",
    "zh": "地方政府应将更大比例的预算用于维护公共交通系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on a tight budget｜预算紧张",
   "within budget｜在预算内",
   "budget for expenses｜为开支做预算",
   "budget accommodation｜经济型住宿"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "budgeting (n.)",
   "budgetary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "budget for后接预计开支；on a budget指经费有限。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "budget"
 },
 {
  "w": "fundamental",
  "uk": "/ˌfʌndəˈmentəl/",
  "us": "/ˌfʌndəˈmentəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "根本的；基本的",
    "en": "Forming the essential basis of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "基本原理；基础知识",
    "en": "A basic principle or skill, usually considered with others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Trust is fundamental to a happy life together.",
    "zh": "信任是共同幸福生活的根本。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to clean drinking water is a fundamental requirement for improving public health in disadvantaged communities.",
    "zh": "获得清洁饮用水是改善弱势社区公共卫生的基本条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fundamental to｜对……至关重要",
   "a fundamental principle｜基本原则",
   "fundamental change｜根本性改变",
   "the fundamentals of｜……的基础知识"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fundamentally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "basic",
   "essential"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "secondary",
   "inessential"
  ],
  "tip": "名词通常用复数 fundamentals，表示基本原理。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fundamental"
 },
 {
  "w": "invalid",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvælɪd/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvælɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无效的；不被认可的",
    "en": "not legally or officially acceptable"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不成立的；缺乏依据的",
    "en": "not supported by sound reasoning or reliable evidence"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My ticket was invalid, so I bought another one.",
    "zh": "我的票无效，所以我又买了一张。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Conclusions drawn from a small, unrepresentative sample may be invalid and should not guide major policy decisions.",
    "zh": "从缺乏代表性的小样本中得出的结论可能不成立，不应作为重大政策决策的依据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "invalid ticket｜无效票证",
   "invalid argument｜不成立的论证",
   "invalid data｜无效数据",
   "declare something invalid｜宣布某事物无效"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "valid (adj.)",
   "invalidate (v.)",
   "invalidity (n.)",
   "validation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "void",
   "unsound"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "valid"
  ],
  "tip": "名词“病弱者”重音在首音节，现已较少使用。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "invalid"
 },
 {
  "w": "skincare",
  "uk": "/ˈskɪnkeə/",
  "us": "/ˈskɪnker/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "护肤；皮肤护理",
    "en": "the practice of keeping skin clean, healthy, and protected"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My daily skincare routine includes washing gently and applying moisturiser.",
    "zh": "我每天的护肤步骤包括温和清洁和涂保湿霜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns can promote sensible skincare habits, including regular sun protection and avoiding irritating products.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传可以推广合理的护肤习惯，包括经常采取防晒措施和避免使用刺激性产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "skincare routine｜日常护肤步骤",
   "skincare products｜护肤品",
   "daily skincare｜日常护肤"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "skin (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；也可写成两个词skin care。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "skincare"
 },
 {
  "w": "weep",
  "uk": "/wiːp/",
  "us": "/wiːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "哭泣；流泪",
    "en": "To cry, usually because of strong emotion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He began to weep when his lost dog returned.",
    "zh": "走失的狗回来时，他流下了眼泪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Emotional scenes in films can make audiences weep while encouraging greater empathy for people facing difficult circumstances.",
    "zh": "电影中的感人场景能够使观众落泪，同时增进他们对身处困境者的共情。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "weep with joy｜喜极而泣",
   "weep for someone｜为某人哭泣",
   "weep bitterly｜痛哭"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "weeping (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cry",
   "shed tears"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为wept；比cry更书面。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "weep"
 },
 {
  "w": "eliminate",
  "uk": "/ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "消除；排除",
    "en": "To remove or get rid of something completely."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "淘汰",
    "en": "To defeat someone so they cannot continue in a competition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This water filter eliminates unpleasant smells from tap water.",
    "zh": "这个净水器能去除自来水中的异味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved public transport could eliminate the need for many urban residents to own a private car.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通可以使许多城市居民不再需要拥有私家车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "eliminate the need for｜消除对……的需要",
   "eliminate errors｜消除错误",
   "eliminate a possibility｜排除一种可能性",
   "be eliminated from a competition｜在比赛中被淘汰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "elimination (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "remove",
   "eradicate",
   "exclude"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比reduce更彻底，强调完全去除或排除。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eliminate"
 },
 {
  "w": "deadly",
  "uk": "/ˈdedli/",
  "us": "/ˈdedli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "致命的",
    "en": "Causing death or likely to cause death."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "极其；非常",
    "en": "Extremely or completely, especially with certain adjectives."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These pretty mushrooms can be deadly if you eat them.",
    "zh": "这些漂亮的蘑菇如果吃下去，可能会致命。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved access to clean drinking water can prevent deadly diseases in communities with inadequate sanitation.",
    "zh": "让卫生设施不足的社区更容易获得清洁饮用水，可以预防致命疾病。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a deadly disease｜致命疾病",
   "a deadly poison｜致命毒物",
   "deadly serious｜极其认真的",
   "deadly dull｜极其乏味的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dead (adj.)",
   "death (n.)",
   "die (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lethal",
   "fatal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "harmless"
  ],
  "tip": "虽以-ly结尾，deadly也常作形容词，意为致命的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deadly"
 },
 {
  "w": "amateur",
  "uk": "/ˈæmətə/",
  "us": "/ˈæmətʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "业余爱好者",
    "en": "Someone who pursues an activity for pleasure rather than pay."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "业余的",
    "en": "Done for enjoyment rather than as a paid profession."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "外行；生手",
    "en": "Someone who lacks skill or experience in an activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Although an amateur, she takes beautiful photographs of birds.",
    "zh": "虽然是业余爱好者，她拍的鸟类照片却很漂亮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Amateur sports clubs provide affordable opportunities for physical activity and help strengthen relationships within local communities.",
    "zh": "业余体育俱乐部提供费用低廉的锻炼机会，并有助于加强社区居民之间的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "amateur photographer｜业余摄影爱好者",
   "amateur athlete｜业余运动员",
   "amateur theatre｜业余戏剧活动",
   "complete amateur｜完全的外行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "amateurish (adj.)",
   "amateurism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "professional"
  ],
  "tip": "amateur通常指非职业者，不一定表示水平低。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amateur"
 },
 {
  "w": "grave",
  "uk": "/ɡreɪv/",
  "us": "/ɡreɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "坟墓；墓穴",
    "en": "A place in the ground where a dead person is buried."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严重的；严峻的",
    "en": "Very serious and giving cause for concern."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "神情严肃的",
    "en": "Showing a serious or solemn expression or manner."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She placed fresh flowers beside her grandfather's grave.",
    "zh": "她把鲜花放在祖父的坟墓旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The destruction of coastal habitats poses a grave threat to biodiversity and the livelihoods of local communities.",
    "zh": "沿海栖息地的破坏对生物多样性和当地社区的生计构成严重威胁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "visit a grave｜扫墓；探访墓地",
   "a grave threat｜严重威胁",
   "grave consequences｜严重后果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gravely (adv.)",
   "graveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作形容词比serious更正式，常修饰威胁或后果。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grave"
 },
 {
  "w": "incident",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnsɪdənt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnsɪdənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "事件；意外事件",
    "en": "An event, especially one that is unusual or unpleasant."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Nobody was hurt in the incident outside the station.",
    "zh": "车站外的那起事件中没有人受伤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every workplace incident should be investigated carefully so that employers can identify risks and prevent similar problems.",
    "zh": "每起工作场所事件都应得到仔细调查，以便雇主识别风险并防止类似问题发生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "report an incident｜报告事件",
   "a serious incident｜严重事件",
   "an isolated incident｜个别事件",
   "without incident｜平安无事地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "event",
   "occurrence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "incident指具体事件；incidence指发生率。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "incident"
 },
 {
  "w": "cod",
  "uk": "/kɒd/",
  "us": "/kɑːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鳕鱼；鳕鱼肉",
    "en": "A large sea fish, or its white flesh eaten as food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We baked the cod with lemon and fresh herbs.",
    "zh": "我们用柠檬和新鲜香草烤了鳕鱼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strict fishing limits can help cod populations recover while protecting the long-term livelihoods of coastal communities.",
    "zh": "严格的捕捞限额可以帮助鳕鱼种群恢复，同时保障沿海社区的长远生计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cod fillet｜鳕鱼片",
   "cod liver oil｜鱼肝油",
   "cod stocks｜鳕鱼资源量"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "鱼的单复数均为cod；指鳕鱼肉时不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cod"
 },
 {
  "w": "cosmetic",
  "uk": "/kɒzˈmetɪk/",
  "us": "/kɑːzˈmetɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "美容的；化妆用的",
    "en": "intended to improve or change physical appearance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "表面的；装点门面的",
    "en": "changing appearances without solving underlying problems"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "化妆品",
    "en": "a product used to improve or change physical appearance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This shop sells cosmetic products alongside soap and shampoo.",
    "zh": "这家店除了肥皂和洗发水，还出售美容化妆产品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Critics argue that cosmetic changes to school buildings cannot address deeper problems such as overcrowded classrooms.",
    "zh": "批评者认为，对校舍进行表面修饰无法解决教室过度拥挤等更深层的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cosmetic products｜美容化妆产品",
   "cosmetic surgery｜整容手术",
   "cosmetic changes｜表面上的改变"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cosmetics (n.)",
   "cosmetically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词表示“化妆品”时通常用复数cosmetics。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cosmetic"
 },
 {
  "w": "richness",
  "uk": "/ˈrɪtʃnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈrɪtʃnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "丰富；多样",
    "en": "The quality of containing many varied or valuable elements."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "浓郁；醇厚",
    "en": "A deep, strong, or full quality of flavour or colour."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The richness of local wildlife amazed us during our walk.",
    "zh": "散步时，当地野生生物的丰富多样让我们惊叹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting traditional crafts helps preserve the cultural richness of communities facing rapid social change.",
    "zh": "保护传统手工艺有助于保存面临快速社会变迁的社区所拥有的丰富文化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cultural richness｜文化的丰富性",
   "species richness｜物种丰富度",
   "richness of flavour｜风味的浓郁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rich (adj.)",
   "richly (adv.)",
   "enrich (v.)",
   "enrichment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "abundance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指内容丰富或味道浓郁；个人财富多用wealth。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "richness"
 },
 {
  "w": "expedition",
  "uk": "/ˌekspəˈdɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌekspəˈdɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "远征；考察；探险",
    "en": "An organised journey made for exploration or a specific purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "探险队；考察队",
    "en": "A group of people travelling together to explore or investigate."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We packed warm clothes for our expedition into the mountains.",
    "zh": "我们为进山探险打包了保暖衣物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A scientific expedition to the polar regions collected valuable evidence of changes in sea ice.",
    "zh": "一支前往极地的科学考察队收集了海冰变化的重要证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a scientific expedition｜科学考察",
   "go on an expedition｜去探险",
   "lead an expedition｜带领探险队",
   "an expedition to Antarctica｜南极考察"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expeditionary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "expedition多指有组织、有特定目的的远行。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expedition"
 },
 {
  "w": "reliability",
  "uk": "/rɪˌlaɪəˈbɪləti/",
  "us": "/rɪˌlaɪəˈbɪləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可靠性；可信度",
    "en": "The quality of working well or being worthy of trust."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We chose this washing machine for its proven reliability.",
    "zh": "我们选择这台洗衣机，是因为它的可靠性经过了验证。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving the reliability of public transport could encourage more commuters to leave their cars at home.",
    "zh": "提高公共交通的可靠性可以鼓励更多通勤者不开私家车出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "improve reliability｜提高可靠性",
   "long-term reliability｜长期可靠性",
   "the reliability of data｜数据的可信度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reliable (adj.)",
   "reliably (adv.)",
   "unreliable (adj.)",
   "rely (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dependability"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unreliability"
  ],
  "tip": "reliability通常不可数；形容词是reliable。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reliability"
 },
 {
  "w": "relate",
  "uk": "/rɪˈleɪt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "有关；使有联系",
    "en": "To have or establish a connection between things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "理解；产生共鸣",
    "en": "To understand someone's feelings through similar personal experience."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "讲述；叙述",
    "en": "To tell someone about events or experiences."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I can relate to your fear of flying.",
    "zh": "我能理解你对坐飞机的恐惧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should relate their findings to existing evidence before drawing conclusions about the causes of unemployment.",
    "zh": "研究人员在对失业原因下结论之前，应将研究结果与现有证据联系起来。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "relate to｜与……有关；理解",
   "relate A to B｜把A与B联系起来",
   "relate an experience｜讲述一段经历"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "related (adj.)",
   "relation (n.)",
   "relationship (n.)",
   "unrelated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "connect",
   "recount"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "relate to可指“与……有关”，也可指“产生共鸣”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "relate"
 },
 {
  "w": "accompany",
  "uk": "/əˈkʌmpəni/",
  "us": "/əˈkʌmpəni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "陪同；陪伴",
    "en": "Go somewhere with someone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "伴随；与……同时发生",
    "en": "Exist or happen together with something else."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为……伴奏",
    "en": "Play music to support a singer or another musician."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister will accompany me to the clinic tomorrow.",
    "zh": "明天姐姐会陪我去诊所。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport should accompany urban expansion to prevent congestion and improve access to employment.",
    "zh": "城市扩张应配合公共交通投资，以防止交通拥堵并改善就业可达性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "accompany someone to｜陪某人去",
   "be accompanied by｜伴有；由……陪同",
   "accompany on the piano｜用钢琴伴奏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accompaniment (n.)",
   "accompanist (n.)",
   "accompanying (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "直接接人作宾语，不说accompany with someone。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accompany"
 },
 {
  "w": "bulk",
  "uk": "/bʌlk/",
  "us": "/bʌlk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大部分；主要部分",
    "en": "the largest part of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "庞大体积；大块",
    "en": "the large size or mass of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bulk of my clothes fit in this suitcase.",
    "zh": "我的大部分衣服都能装进这个行李箱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The bulk of public transport funding should support reliable services in areas with limited access to employment.",
    "zh": "公共交通资金的大部分应当用于支持就业交通不便地区的可靠运输服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the bulk of｜……的大部分",
   "buy in bulk｜大批量购买",
   "sheer bulk｜庞大的体积",
   "bulk buying｜批量采购"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bulky (adj.)",
   "bulkiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "the bulk of指大部分；in bulk指大批量。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bulk"
 },
 {
  "w": "strictly",
  "uk": "/ˈstrɪktli/",
  "us": "/ˈstrɪktli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "严格地；严厉地",
    "en": "with rules followed or enforced exactly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "仅限于；完全地",
    "en": "only, without including anything or anyone else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "严格说来；精确地",
    "en": "in a completely exact or accurate way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The swimming pool strictly enforces its rule against running.",
    "zh": "游泳池严格执行禁止奔跑的规定。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental regulations must be strictly enforced if governments are to protect rivers from industrial pollution.",
    "zh": "政府若要保护河流免受工业污染，就必须严格执行环境法规。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strictly prohibited｜严禁",
   "strictly confidential｜严格保密的",
   "strictly speaking｜严格说来",
   "strictly limited to｜严格限于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "strict (adj.)",
   "strictness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rigorously"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "loosely"
  ],
  "tip": "strictly speaking是固定表达，意为“严格说来”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strictly"
 },
 {
  "w": "inspector",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈspektə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈspektər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "检查员；督察员",
    "en": "an official who checks that rules and standards are followed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "督察；警官",
    "en": "a police officer of a particular rank"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The inspector checked the kitchen before the restaurant opened.",
    "zh": "餐厅开门营业前，检查员检查了厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A qualified building inspector can identify structural problems before they become serious risks to public safety.",
    "zh": "合格的建筑检查员能够在结构问题严重危及公共安全之前发现它们。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "safety inspector｜安全检查员",
   "building inspector｜建筑检查员",
   "police inspector｜警务督察"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inspect (v.)",
   "inspection (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "inspect是检查；inspector指执行检查的人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inspector"
 },
 {
  "w": "threaten",
  "uk": "/ˈθretn/",
  "us": "/ˈθretn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "威胁；恐吓",
    "en": "Say you will cause harm or trouble unless demands are met"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "危及；可能造成",
    "en": "Put something at risk or make something harmful seem likely"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They threatened to cancel our booking unless we paid today.",
    "zh": "他们威胁说，如果我们今天不付款，就取消我们的预订。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising sea levels threaten coastal communities by increasing the frequency of flooding and damaging essential infrastructure.",
    "zh": "海平面上升增加了洪水发生的频率，并破坏重要基础设施，危及沿海社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "threaten to do something｜威胁要做某事",
   "threaten someone's safety｜危及某人的安全",
   "threaten livelihoods｜威胁生计",
   "be threatened with closure｜面临关闭的威胁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "threat (n.)",
   "threatening (adj.)",
   "threatened (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "menace",
   "endanger"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "threaten to do指威胁要做；threaten sth可指危及某物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "threaten"
 },
 {
  "w": "interval",
  "uk": "/ˈɪntəvəl/",
  "us": "/ˈɪntərvəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "间隔；间距",
    "en": "A period or distance between events or objects."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "幕间休息",
    "en": "A short break between parts of a performance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There was a short interval between the two calls.",
    "zh": "两通电话之间隔了一小会儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Taking breaks at regular intervals can help students maintain concentration during long periods of study.",
    "zh": "长时间学习时，定时休息有助于学生保持专注。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at regular intervals｜每隔固定时间或距离",
   "a short interval｜短暂的间隔",
   "a time interval｜时间间隔",
   "during the interval｜在幕间休息时"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "gap",
   "break"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "at intervals表示每隔一段时间或距离。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "interval"
 },
 {
  "w": "non-refundable",
  "uk": "/ˌnɒn rɪˈfʌndəbl/",
  "us": "/ˌnɑːn rɪˈfʌndəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不可退款的",
    "en": "Not eligible for money to be returned after payment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We chose cheaper tickets, but they were non-refundable.",
    "zh": "我们选了更便宜的票，但这些票不能退款。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Non-refundable booking fees can discourage travellers from changing plans, even when their circumstances unexpectedly change.",
    "zh": "不可退还的预订费可能让旅客不愿更改计划，即使他们的情况突然发生了变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a non-refundable deposit｜不可退还的订金",
   "a non-refundable ticket｜不可退款的票",
   "a non-refundable booking fee｜不可退还的预订费"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "refund (n.)",
   "refund (v.)",
   "refundable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "refundable"
  ],
  "tip": "指已付款项不能退回，不表示物品不能归还。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "non-refundable"
 },
 {
  "w": "shiver",
  "uk": "/ˈʃɪvə/",
  "us": "/ˈʃɪvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发抖；打哆嗦",
    "en": "To shake slightly because of cold, fear, or excitement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "颤抖；寒战",
    "en": "A brief shaking movement caused by cold or strong emotion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I shivered while waiting outside in my thin jacket.",
    "zh": "我穿着单薄的夹克在外面等候，冻得直发抖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People may shiver when exposed to low temperatures, as muscle movements help the body generate heat.",
    "zh": "人在低温环境中可能会发抖，因为肌肉运动有助于身体产生热量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shiver with cold｜冷得发抖",
   "shiver with fear｜害怕得发抖",
   "a shiver down your spine｜脊背一阵发凉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shivery (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tremble",
   "shake"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用shiver with cold或fear表示发抖原因。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shiver"
 },
 {
  "w": "fighter",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "战士；搏击选手",
    "en": "a person who fights in battle or combat sports"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奋斗者；斗士",
    "en": "someone who persists despite difficulties or strongly supports a cause"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "战斗机",
    "en": "a fast military aircraft designed to attack other aircraft"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The young fighter practises footwork with her coach every morning.",
    "zh": "这位年轻的搏击选手每天早上都跟教练练习步法。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A successful fighter needs disciplined training, adequate recovery, and access to professional medical support.",
    "zh": "成功的搏击选手需要严格的训练、充分的恢复以及专业的医疗支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fighter pilot｜战斗机飞行员",
   "fighter jet｜喷气式战斗机",
   "a fighter for justice｜为正义奋斗的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fight (v.)",
   "fight (n.)",
   "fighting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指战斗或奋斗的人，也可指战斗机。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fighter"
 },
 {
  "w": "graphics",
  "uk": "/ˈɡræfɪks/",
  "us": "/ˈɡræfɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "图形；图像",
    "en": "Images or designs used on screens or in printed materials."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The game's colourful graphics looked amazing on our new screen.",
    "zh": "这款游戏色彩鲜艳的画面在我们的新屏幕上看起来棒极了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear graphics can make complex scientific information easier to understand for audiences without specialist knowledge.",
    "zh": "清晰的图示能让没有专业知识的受众更容易理解复杂的科学信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "computer graphics｜计算机图形",
   "high-quality graphics｜高质量图像",
   "graphics card｜显卡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "graphic (adj.)",
   "graphical (adj.)",
   "graphically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "visuals"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指多个图像时用复数谓语：the graphics are。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "graphics"
 },
 {
  "w": "feather",
  "uk": "/ˈfeðə/",
  "us": "/ˈfeðər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "羽毛",
    "en": "One of the light, soft structures covering a bird's body."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A white feather floated gently onto the garden path.",
    "zh": "一根白色羽毛轻轻飘落在花园小径上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Feathers help birds maintain their body temperature, allowing them to survive in colder environments.",
    "zh": "羽毛帮助鸟类维持体温，使它们能在较寒冷的环境中生存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bird's feathers｜鸟的羽毛",
   "tail feathers｜尾羽",
   "as light as a feather｜轻如鸿毛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "feathery (adj.)",
   "feathered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "feather指单根羽毛；fur通常指动物浓密的毛。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "feather"
 },
 {
  "w": "pastime",
  "uk": "/ˈpɑːstaɪm/",
  "us": "/ˈpæstaɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "消遣；休闲活动",
    "en": "An activity you enjoy doing in your free time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Gardening became her favourite pastime after she retired.",
    "zh": "退休后，园艺成了她最喜欢的消遣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Outdoor pastimes can improve mental health while encouraging people to spend less time using electronic devices.",
    "zh": "户外休闲活动可以改善心理健康，同时鼓励人们减少使用电子设备的时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "favourite pastime｜最喜欢的消遣",
   "popular pastime｜流行的休闲活动",
   "leisure pastime｜闲暇消遣"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "hobby",
   "recreation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指闲暇活动；注意拼写只有一个s。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pastime"
 },
 {
  "w": "province",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒvɪns/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːvɪns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "省；行政区",
    "en": "A major administrative area within a country"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "职责范围；专属领域",
    "en": "An area of responsibility or expertise belonging to someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt lives in a quiet village in this province.",
    "zh": "我姑姑住在这个省的一个安静村庄里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each province should adapt its transport policies to local geography, population density, and economic needs.",
    "zh": "各省应根据当地地理条件、人口密度和经济需求调整交通政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a coastal province｜沿海省份",
   "provincial capital｜省会",
   "the province of experts｜专家的领域"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "provincial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“职责领域”时常用the province of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "province"
 },
 {
  "w": "immune",
  "uk": "/ɪˈmjuːn/",
  "us": "/ɪˈmjuːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有免疫力的",
    "en": "Protected against a particular disease."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "免疫系统的",
    "en": "Relating to the body's defence against disease."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不受影响的；获豁免的",
    "en": "Not affected by something, or protected from a legal obligation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The vet explained that vaccination would make our puppy immune.",
    "zh": "兽医解释说，接种疫苗会让我们的小狗获得免疫力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although technology creates new opportunities, no industry is completely immune to the effects of economic change.",
    "zh": "尽管技术创造了新机遇，但没有哪个行业能完全不受经济变化的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "immune to infection｜对感染有免疫力的",
   "the immune system｜免疫系统",
   "an immune response｜免疫反应",
   "immune from prosecution｜免于被起诉的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "immunity (n.)",
   "immunise (v.)",
   "immunisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "immune to指不受影响；immune from常指获豁免。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "immune"
 },
 {
  "w": "collapse",
  "uk": "/kəˈlæps/",
  "us": "/kəˈlæps/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "倒塌；崩溃；倒下",
    "en": "To fall down suddenly or stop functioning completely."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "倒塌；崩溃；垮台",
    "en": "A sudden fall or complete failure of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old garden shed collapsed during last night's storm.",
    "zh": "昨晚的暴风雨中，花园里的旧棚屋倒塌了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poor maintenance can cause bridges to collapse, making regular inspections essential for public safety.",
    "zh": "维护不善可能导致桥梁坍塌，因此定期检查对公共安全至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a building collapses｜建筑物倒塌",
   "economic collapse｜经济崩溃",
   "collapse from exhaustion｜因筋疲力尽而倒下",
   "the collapse of negotiations｜谈判破裂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "collapsible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示倒塌或崩溃时通常是不及物动词，不用被动。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "collapse"
 },
 {
  "w": "expressway",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspresweɪ/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspresweɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "高速公路",
    "en": "A wide road designed for fast traffic, with limited access."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took the expressway to reach the airport before sunrise.",
    "zh": "我们走高速公路，在日出前赶到了机场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building a new expressway may reduce journey times, but it can also encourage greater dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "修建新的高速公路或许能缩短出行时间，但也可能加深人们对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "expressway exit｜高速公路出口",
   "expressway construction｜高速公路建设",
   "take the expressway｜走高速公路"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "motorway",
   "freeway"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常见于美式及亚洲英语；英国通常说motorway。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expressway"
 },
 {
  "w": "dome",
  "uk": "/dəʊm/",
  "us": "/doʊm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "穹顶；圆顶",
    "en": "a rounded roof shaped like half a ball"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "穹顶状物",
    "en": "an object or structure shaped like half a ball"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sunlight streamed through the glass dome above the entrance.",
    "zh": "阳光透过入口上方的玻璃穹顶洒了进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The museum's central dome allows natural light into the building, reducing the need for artificial lighting during daylight hours.",
    "zh": "博物馆中央的穹顶让自然光进入建筑，减少了白天对人工照明的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a glass dome｜玻璃穹顶",
   "a domed roof｜圆顶屋顶",
   "beneath the dome｜在穹顶下"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "domed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dome是半球形圆顶；domed表示有圆顶的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dome"
 },
 {
  "w": "shuttle",
  "uk": "/ˈʃʌtəl/",
  "us": "/ˈʃʌtəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "短程往返接驳交通工具",
    "en": "a vehicle making frequent trips between two places"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "航天飞机",
    "en": "a spacecraft designed for repeated journeys into space"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "往返运送；穿梭往返",
    "en": "to travel or carry people repeatedly between places"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took the free shuttle from the airport to our hotel.",
    "zh": "我们从机场乘免费接驳车去了酒店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular shuttle services between railway stations and business parks could reduce dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "火车站与商业园区之间的定期接驳服务可以减少人们对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shuttle bus｜接驳巴士",
   "airport shuttle｜机场接驳车",
   "space shuttle｜航天飞机",
   "shuttle between｜在两地之间往返"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "交通语境中强调两地间往返；航天飞机用space shuttle。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shuttle"
 },
 {
  "w": "radar",
  "uk": "/ˈreɪdɑː/",
  "us": "/ˈreɪdɑːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雷达",
    "en": "A system using radio waves to locate and track objects."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The fishing boat has radar for navigating through fog.",
    "zh": "这艘渔船配有雷达，用于在雾中导航。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern radar systems allow airports to monitor aircraft movements and maintain safety even in poor visibility.",
    "zh": "现代雷达系统让机场即使在能见度较差时也能监测飞机动向并保障安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "radar system｜雷达系统",
   "radar screen｜雷达屏幕",
   "weather radar｜气象雷达"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "under the radar比喻未引起注意。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "radar"
 },
 {
  "w": "overhead",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈhed/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvərˈhed/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在头顶上；在空中",
    "en": "above your head or in the sky"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "头顶上的；高架的",
    "en": "positioned above your head"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经常性运营开支",
    "en": "regular business expenses not directly tied to particular products"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A flock of geese flew overhead as we walked home.",
    "zh": "我们步行回家时，一群雁从头顶飞过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses can reduce overhead costs by sharing office space and using energy more efficiently.",
    "zh": "小企业可以通过共享办公空间和提高能源使用效率来降低运营开支。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fly overhead｜从头顶飞过",
   "overhead cables｜架空电缆",
   "overhead locker｜头顶行李舱",
   "overhead costs｜日常运营费用"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在首音节；运营开支英式常用overheads。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overhead"
 },
 {
  "w": "quietness",
  "uk": "/ˈkwaɪətnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈkwaɪətnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "安静；宁静",
    "en": "The state of having little noise or disturbance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I enjoyed the quietness of the garden before breakfast.",
    "zh": "早饭前，我享受着花园里的宁静。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The quietness of rural areas attracts residents seeking relief from the constant noise of urban life.",
    "zh": "乡村的宁静吸引着希望摆脱城市生活持续噪声的居民。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the quietness of the countryside｜乡村的宁静",
   "enjoy the quietness｜享受宁静",
   "peace and quietness｜平和与安宁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "quiet (adj.)",
   "quietly (adv.)",
   "quieten (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tranquillity",
   "stillness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "noisiness"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；日常也常直接用quiet作名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quietness"
 },
 {
  "w": "affair",
  "uk": "/əˈfeə/",
  "us": "/əˈfer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "事情；事务",
    "en": "a matter, event, or activity concerning someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "婚外情；私情",
    "en": "a romantic relationship involving someone committed to another partner"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The family picnic was a cheerful affair despite the rain.",
    "zh": "尽管下着雨，这次家庭野餐仍然很欢乐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage young people to take an interest in current affairs through regular discussions of global events.",
    "zh": "学校可以通过定期讨论全球事件，鼓励年轻人关注时事。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "current affairs｜时事",
   "foreign affairs｜外交事务",
   "a private affair｜私事",
   "have an affair｜有婚外情"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "matter",
   "event"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表公共事务常用复数affairs，如current affairs。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "affair"
 },
 {
  "w": "chatty",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃæti/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃæti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "爱聊天的；健谈的",
    "en": "enjoying friendly conversation and talking a lot"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "聊天式的；轻松随意的",
    "en": "having a friendly, informal style of speaking or writing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The chatty passenger beside me made the journey feel shorter.",
    "zh": "我旁边那位健谈的乘客让旅途显得短了些。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A chatty writing style can make educational websites more welcoming, although complex ideas still require precise explanations.",
    "zh": "聊天式的写作风格能让教育网站更亲切，但复杂概念仍需准确解释。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a chatty mood｜想聊天的心情",
   "a chatty style｜聊天式风格",
   "a chatty neighbour｜健谈的邻居"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chat (v.)",
   "chat (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "talkative",
   "conversational"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "quiet"
  ],
  "tip": "通常表示友善健谈，不一定含有饶舌的贬义。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chatty"
 },
 {
  "w": "antique",
  "uk": "/ænˈtiːk/",
  "us": "/ænˈtiːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "古董；古玩",
    "en": "An old object valued for its age, beauty, or rarity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "古董的；年代久远的",
    "en": "Old and valuable because of age, beauty, or rarity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a beautiful antique in a small shop.",
    "zh": "我们在一家小店里发现了一件漂亮的古董。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving antique furniture helps future generations understand traditional craftsmanship and the everyday lives of people in the past.",
    "zh": "保存古董家具有助于后代理解传统工艺以及过去人们的日常生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an antique shop｜古董店",
   "antique furniture｜古董家具",
   "an antique dealer｜古董商"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "antique强调古老且有收藏价值，不只是旧。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "antique"
 },
 {
  "w": "lasting",
  "uk": "/ˈlɑːstɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈlæstɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "持久的；长久的",
    "en": "continuing to exist or have an effect for a long time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our camping trip left me with lasting memories.",
    "zh": "那次露营给我留下了长久难忘的回忆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in early childhood education can bring lasting benefits to individuals and society as a whole.",
    "zh": "投资幼儿教育可以为个人和整个社会带来长远益处。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a lasting impression｜持久的印象",
   "lasting benefits｜长远益处",
   "lasting peace｜持久和平",
   "a lasting impact｜持久的影响"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "last (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enduring",
   "long-lasting"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "temporary",
   "short-lived"
  ],
  "tip": "lasting强调持续很久，不一定像permanent那样永久。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lasting"
 },
 {
  "w": "multiple",
  "uk": "/ˈmʌltɪpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmʌltɪpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多个的；多种的",
    "en": "Involving or consisting of more than one person or thing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "倍数",
    "en": "A number obtained by multiplying another number by an integer."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This charger works with multiple devices in our home.",
    "zh": "这个充电器适用于我们家里的多种设备。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban air pollution has multiple causes, including vehicle emissions, industrial activity, and the burning of household fuels.",
    "zh": "城市空气污染有多种成因，包括汽车尾气、工业活动和家庭燃料燃烧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "multiple causes｜多种原因",
   "multiple choice｜多项选择",
   "multiple sources｜多个来源",
   "a multiple of｜……的倍数"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "multiply (v.)",
   "multiplication (n.)",
   "multiplicity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "numerous",
   "several"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "single"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“多个的”时通常修饰复数名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "multiple"
 },
 {
  "w": "spectacular",
  "uk": "/spekˈtækjələ/",
  "us": "/spekˈtækjəlɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "壮观的；引人注目的",
    "en": "extremely impressive to see or experience"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "惊人的；显著的",
    "en": "unusually great or impressive in degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a spectacular sunset from the hilltop.",
    "zh": "我们在山顶看了一场壮观的日落。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The region's spectacular mountain scenery attracts tourists, creating jobs but also increasing pressure on fragile ecosystems.",
    "zh": "该地区壮观的山景吸引着游客，创造了就业机会，但也加重了脆弱生态系统的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spectacular scenery｜壮观的风景",
   "a spectacular display｜精彩的展示",
   "spectacular growth｜惊人的增长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spectacularly (adv.)",
   "spectacle (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "impressive",
   "stunning"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unimpressive"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容壮观景象，也可修饰growth等抽象名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spectacular"
 },
 {
  "w": "resident",
  "uk": "/ˈrezɪdənt/",
  "us": "/ˈrezɪdənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "居民；住户",
    "en": "Someone who lives in a particular place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "居住的；常驻的",
    "en": "Living or working regularly in a particular place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Every resident received a key to the shared garden.",
    "zh": "每位住户都拿到了一把公共花园的钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local residents should be consulted before major changes are made to roads and public spaces.",
    "zh": "在对道路和公共空间进行重大改造之前，应征求当地居民的意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local residents｜当地居民",
   "permanent resident｜永久居民",
   "resident in｜居住在"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reside (v.)",
   "residence (n.)",
   "residential (adj.)",
   "residency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inhabitant"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "resident指人；residential形容住宅或居住区。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resident"
 },
 {
  "w": "gamble",
  "uk": "/ˈɡæmbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈɡæmbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赌博；打赌",
    "en": "to risk money on an uncertain result hoping to win more"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "冒险；碰运气",
    "en": "to take a risk in the hope of success"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冒险之举",
    "en": "an action with an uncertain outcome and a risk of loss"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He refuses to gamble because he values his savings.",
    "zh": "他珍惜自己的积蓄，因此拒绝赌博。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Relying entirely on tourism is a gamble for regions vulnerable to extreme weather and changing travel patterns.",
    "zh": "对容易受极端天气和旅游趋势变化影响的地区而言，完全依赖旅游业是一种冒险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gamble on｜押注于；冒险指望",
   "gamble away savings｜赌光积蓄",
   "take a gamble｜冒一次险"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gambler (n.)",
   "gambling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bet",
   "risk"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gamble on后接所押注或冒险指望的事物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gamble"
 },
 {
  "w": "inhabit",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈhæbɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈhæbɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "居住于；栖息于",
    "en": "To live in a particular place or environment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Tiny crabs inhabit the rock pools near our house.",
    "zh": "我们家附近的岩石潮池里栖息着小螃蟹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many species that inhabit tropical forests face increasing pressure as agricultural expansion reduces the area of suitable habitat.",
    "zh": "随着农业扩张使适宜栖息地缩小，许多栖息在热带森林中的物种面临越来越大的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inhabit an island｜居住在岛上",
   "inhabit coastal waters｜栖息于近海水域",
   "densely inhabited areas｜人口密集地区"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inhabitant (n.)",
   "inhabitable (adj.)",
   "uninhabited (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "occupy",
   "live in"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接地点，不加in。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inhabit"
 },
 {
  "w": "rehearse",
  "uk": "/rɪˈhɜːs/",
  "us": "/rɪˈhɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "排练；预演",
    "en": "to practise a performance or activity before doing it publicly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We rehearsed our dance in the empty school hall.",
    "zh": "我们在空荡荡的学校礼堂里排练舞蹈。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who rehearse their presentations with classmates often develop greater confidence and communicate their ideas more clearly.",
    "zh": "与同学一起预演展示的学生，往往会更自信，也能更清晰地表达观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rehearse a play｜排练戏剧",
   "rehearse a speech｜练习演讲",
   "rehearse for a performance｜为演出排练"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rehearsal (n.)",
   "rehearsed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "practise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rehearse后直接接排练内容；为演出排练用for。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rehearse"
 },
 {
  "w": "fringe",
  "uk": "/frɪndʒ/",
  "us": "/frɪndʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "边缘；外围",
    "en": "the outer edge of a place or group"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刘海",
    "en": "hair cut to hang over the forehead"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "流苏；穗边",
    "en": "hanging threads used to decorate the edge of fabric"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their cottage stands on the fringe of the forest.",
    "zh": "他们的小屋位于森林边缘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable housing on the urban fringe often leaves residents dependent on cars for their daily journeys.",
    "zh": "城市外围的经济适用住房往往使居民的日常出行依赖汽车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "urban fringe｜城市外围",
   "on the fringes of society｜在社会边缘",
   "cut a fringe｜剪刘海",
   "a fringe of trees｜一圈树木"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fringed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "edge",
   "margin"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "centre"
  ],
  "tip": "“刘海”英式用fringe，美式通常用bangs。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fringe"
 },
 {
  "w": "craziness",
  "uk": "/ˈkreɪzinəs/",
  "us": "/ˈkreɪzinəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "荒唐；疯狂；混乱",
    "en": "Behaviour or situations that are extremely foolish, wild, or chaotic"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We needed a quiet walk after the craziness of moving.",
    "zh": "搬家的忙乱过后，我们需要安静地散散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The apparent craziness of paying enormous prices for fashionable goods reflects the powerful influence of advertising.",
    "zh": "为时髦商品支付高昂价格看似荒唐，却反映出广告的强大影响力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the craziness of everyday life｜日常生活的忙乱",
   "sheer craziness｜纯粹的荒唐",
   "escape the craziness｜避开喧闹混乱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crazy (adj.)",
   "crazily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "absurdity",
   "wildness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sanity"
  ],
  "tip": "多用于非正式语境，不宜作为精神疾病的专业称呼。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "craziness"
 },
 {
  "w": "portray",
  "uk": "/pɔːˈtreɪ/",
  "us": "/pɔːrˈtreɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "描绘；描述",
    "en": "To represent someone or something in words or images"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "扮演；饰演",
    "en": "To play a character in a film or performance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her paintings portray village life in warm colours.",
    "zh": "她的画作用温暖的色彩描绘了乡村生活。"
   },
   {
    "en": "News reports often portray urban life as stressful, overlooking the social and cultural opportunities cities provide.",
    "zh": "新闻报道常将城市生活描绘为压力重重，却忽视了城市提供的社交和文化机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "portray someone as｜将某人描绘为",
   "accurately portray｜准确描绘",
   "portray a character｜饰演角色"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "portrayal (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "depict",
   "represent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用portray A as B，表示把A描绘成B。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "portray"
 },
 {
  "w": "teller",
  "uk": "/ˈtelə/",
  "us": "/ˈtelər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "银行柜员",
    "en": "A bank employee who handles customers' money"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The teller counted the cash and handed me a receipt.",
    "zh": "银行柜员清点了现金，递给我一张收据。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although online banking is convenient, bank tellers remain important for customers who need personal assistance.",
    "zh": "虽然网上银行很方便，但对需要人工协助的客户而言，银行柜员仍然很重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bank teller｜银行柜员",
   "teller window｜银行柜台窗口",
   "automated teller machine｜自动取款机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tell (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指银行柜员，不是商店里收款的cashier。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "teller"
 },
 {
  "w": "bankrupt",
  "uk": "/ˈbæŋkrʌpt/",
  "us": "/ˈbæŋkrʌpt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "破产的",
    "en": "legally unable to pay the debts you owe"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使破产",
    "en": "to cause a person or business to become unable to pay debts"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "破产者",
    "en": "a person legally declared unable to pay their debts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The little furniture shop went bankrupt last winter.",
    "zh": "那家小家具店去年冬天破产了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses may go bankrupt if rising energy costs are combined with a prolonged decline in consumer demand.",
    "zh": "如果能源成本上涨又遇上消费需求长期下降，小企业可能会破产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go bankrupt｜破产",
   "declare someone bankrupt｜宣告某人破产",
   "bankrupt company｜破产公司"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bankruptcy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "insolvent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "solvent"
  ],
  "tip": "常说go bankrupt；名词“破产”是bankruptcy。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bankrupt"
 },
 {
  "w": "misfortune",
  "uk": "/ˌmɪsˈfɔːtʃuːn/",
  "us": "/ˌmɪsˈfɔːrtʃuːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不幸；不幸的事",
    "en": "bad luck or an unlucky event that causes difficulty"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had the misfortune to miss the last train.",
    "zh": "我们很不巧，错过了末班火车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strong community networks can help families recover from financial misfortune without becoming isolated from society.",
    "zh": "紧密的社区互助网络能帮助家庭摆脱经济困境，同时避免与社会隔绝。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have the misfortune to do｜不幸做了某事",
   "financial misfortune｜经济上的不幸",
   "a series of misfortunes｜一连串不幸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fortune (n.)",
   "unfortunate (adj.)",
   "unfortunately (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bad luck"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "good fortune"
  ],
  "tip": "表示厄运时不可数；表示具体不幸事件时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "misfortune"
 },
 {
  "w": "hollow",
  "uk": "/ˈhɒləʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːloʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "中空的；空心的",
    "en": "having an empty space inside"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "空洞的；不真诚的",
    "en": "lacking real meaning, value, or sincere feeling"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挖空；凿空",
    "en": "to remove the inside of something, leaving an empty space"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a squirrel hiding inside a hollow tree.",
    "zh": "我们发现一只松鼠躲在一棵空心树里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Government promises to protect endangered species will remain hollow unless they are supported by adequate funding and effective enforcement.",
    "zh": "如果没有充足资金和有效执法的支持，政府保护濒危物种的承诺就仍是空话。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a hollow tree｜空心树",
   "hollow promises｜空洞的承诺",
   "a hollow sound｜空洞的声音",
   "hollow out｜挖空"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hollowness (n.)",
   "hollowly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "solid"
  ],
  "tip": "hollow指内部中空；empty指里面没有东西。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hollow"
 },
 {
  "w": "imperfect",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpɜːfɪkt/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpɝːfɪkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不完美的；有缺陷的",
    "en": "Having faults or lacking something needed to be complete."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This handmade bowl is imperfect, but I love its shape.",
    "zh": "这个手工碗虽不完美，但我很喜欢它的形状。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although the current recycling system is imperfect, it still reduces the amount of waste sent to landfill.",
    "zh": "尽管现有的回收体系并不完善，它仍然减少了送往填埋场的垃圾量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an imperfect solution｜不完善的解决办法",
   "imperfect knowledge｜不全面的知识",
   "imperfect competition｜不完全竞争"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perfect (adj.)",
   "imperfection (n.)",
   "imperfectly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "flawed",
   "faulty"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "perfect",
   "flawless"
  ],
  "tip": "表示有缺陷，不等于完全无用或失败。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "imperfect"
 },
 {
  "w": "indirect",
  "uk": "/ˌɪndəˈrekt/",
  "us": "/ˌɪndəˈrekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "间接的",
    "en": "Happening through another person, action, or stage"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "迂回的；不直截了当的",
    "en": "Not following a straight route or expressing something openly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This plant grows best in bright but indirect sunlight.",
    "zh": "这种植物在明亮但不直射的阳光下长得最好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourism provides indirect benefits to local farmers by increasing demand for fresh food in restaurants.",
    "zh": "旅游业增加了餐馆对新鲜食材的需求，从而给当地农民带来间接收益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "indirect impact｜间接影响",
   "indirect sunlight｜非直射阳光",
   "indirect taxes｜间接税",
   "indirect route｜迂回路线"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "indirectly (adv.)",
   "direct (adj.)",
   "directly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "direct"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指影响经由中间环节，也可指表达不直白。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indirect"
 },
 {
  "w": "representative",
  "uk": "/ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv/",
  "us": "/ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "代表；代理人",
    "en": "someone chosen to speak or act for other people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有代表性的；典型的",
    "en": "showing the usual features of a larger group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our class representative asked for more books in the library.",
    "zh": "我们班的代表请求为图书馆增添书籍。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers need a representative sample to draw reliable conclusions about the wider population.",
    "zh": "研究人员需要具有代表性的样本，才能对更广泛的人群得出可靠结论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a representative sample｜有代表性的样本",
   "a sales representative｜销售代表",
   "representative of｜能代表……的",
   "an elected representative｜民选代表"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "represent (v.)",
   "representation (n.)",
   "unrepresentative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "delegate",
   "typical"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unrepresentative"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词常接of：representative of某群体。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "representative"
 },
 {
  "w": "seemingly",
  "uk": "/ˈsiːmɪŋli/",
  "us": "/ˈsiːmɪŋli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "看似；表面上",
    "en": "In a way that appears true but may not be."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The seemingly empty box had a kitten inside.",
    "zh": "那个看似空空的盒子里藏着一只小猫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Seemingly minor changes in daily travel habits can significantly reduce a city's overall carbon emissions.",
    "zh": "日常出行习惯中看似微小的改变，可以显著减少一座城市的总体碳排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "seemingly impossible｜看似不可能的",
   "seemingly endless｜似乎无穷无尽的",
   "seemingly harmless｜看似无害的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "seem (v.)",
   "seeming (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "apparently"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常置于形容词前，强调表象未必等于事实。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seemingly"
 },
 {
  "w": "wording",
  "uk": "/ˈwɜːdɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈwɝːdɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "措辞；用语",
    "en": "The particular words chosen to express something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The wording of your message sounds a little formal.",
    "zh": "你这条消息的措辞听起来有点正式。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Careful wording in public health announcements can prevent confusion and encourage people to follow advice.",
    "zh": "公共卫生公告采用严谨的措辞，可以避免误解并鼓励人们遵循建议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "careful wording｜严谨的措辞",
   "exact wording｜确切的原话",
   "change the wording｜修改措辞"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "word (n.)",
   "word (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "phrasing"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；强调具体措辞，不是笼统的语言。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wording"
 },
 {
  "w": "texture",
  "uk": "/ˈtekstʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈtekstʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "质地；纹理；口感",
    "en": "The way a surface or substance feels or looks."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This blanket has a soft texture that feels lovely.",
    "zh": "这条毯子质地柔软，摸起来很舒服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The texture of recycled materials can influence whether consumers find sustainable products attractive.",
    "zh": "再生材料的质地会影响消费者是否觉得可持续产品有吸引力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "smooth texture｜光滑的质地",
   "rough texture｜粗糙的质地",
   "creamy texture｜绵滑的口感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "textured (adj.)",
   "textural (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可描述材料的触感，也可描述食物的口感。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "texture"
 },
 {
  "w": "initial",
  "uk": "/ɪˈnɪʃəl/",
  "us": "/ɪˈnɪʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最初的；开始的",
    "en": "Happening or existing at the beginning"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "姓名首字母",
    "en": "The first letter of a person's name"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用姓名首字母签署",
    "en": "To mark a document with the first letters of your names"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My initial excitement faded when I saw the price.",
    "zh": "看到价格后，我最初的兴奋消退了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although the initial cost of solar panels is high, households may save money over the longer term.",
    "zh": "虽然太阳能电池板的初期费用较高，但从长远看，家庭可能节省开支。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "initial reaction｜最初的反应",
   "initial assessment｜初步评估",
   "initial cost｜初期费用",
   "initial stages｜初始阶段"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "initially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "first",
   "preliminary"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "final"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词通常放在名词前；姓名首字母常用initials。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "initial"
 },
 {
  "w": "carbohydrates",
  "uk": "/ˌkɑːbəʊˈhaɪdreɪts/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːrboʊˈhaɪdreɪts/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "碳水化合物；糖类",
    "en": "Nutrients such as sugars and starches that provide the body energy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Rice and potatoes provide carbohydrates that fuel your daily activities.",
    "zh": "米饭和土豆提供碳水化合物，为你的日常活动供能。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A balanced diet includes carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in proportions suited to individual nutritional needs.",
    "zh": "均衡饮食包含比例适合个人营养需求的碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complex carbohydrates｜复合碳水化合物",
   "refined carbohydrates｜精制碳水化合物",
   "rich in carbohydrates｜富含碳水化合物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "carbohydrate (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "这是carbohydrate的复数；糖和淀粉都属于此类。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "carbohydrates"
 },
 {
  "w": "exterior",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈstɪəriə/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈstɪriər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "外部；外表",
    "en": "The outside surface or appearance of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "外部的；外面的",
    "en": "On or relating to the outside of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They painted the exterior of their house pale blue.",
    "zh": "他们把房子的外墙刷成了淡蓝色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving a building's exterior can protect it from weather damage while preserving its historical character.",
    "zh": "改善建筑外部可以保护它免受天气损害，同时保留其历史特色。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the exterior of a building｜建筑物的外部",
   "exterior walls｜外墙",
   "exterior paint｜外墙涂料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exteriorly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "outside",
   "outer"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "interior"
  ],
  "tip": "exterior指外部或外表；interior指内部。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exterior"
 },
 {
  "w": "imaginative",
  "uk": "/ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "富有想象力的；有创意的",
    "en": "able to produce original ideas, or showing this ability"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My imaginative niece turned empty boxes into a spaceship.",
    "zh": "我那富有想象力的侄女把空盒子变成了一艘宇宙飞船。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should encourage imaginative thinking rather than require students to memorise every detail of a textbook.",
    "zh": "学校应鼓励有创意的思考，而不是要求学生记住课本中的每一个细节。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "imaginative thinking｜创造性思维",
   "imaginative approach｜有创意的方法",
   "imaginative solution｜有创意的解决方案"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "imagine (v.)",
   "imagination (n.)",
   "imaginatively (adv.)",
   "unimaginative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "creative",
   "inventive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unimaginative"
  ],
  "tip": "imaginative指有想象力；imaginary指想象中的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "imaginative"
 },
 {
  "w": "recovery",
  "uk": "/rɪˈkʌvəri/",
  "us": "/rɪˈkʌvəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "康复；恢复",
    "en": "A return to health or a normal condition."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "找回；收回",
    "en": "The process of getting something lost or stolen back."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her recovery was slow, but she could walk again.",
    "zh": "她康复得很慢，但已经能重新走路了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Economic recovery depends partly on restoring consumer confidence and supporting small businesses through difficult periods.",
    "zh": "经济复苏部分取决于恢复消费者信心，以及帮助小企业渡过困难时期。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a full recovery｜完全康复",
   "economic recovery｜经济复苏",
   "data recovery｜数据恢复"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recover (v.)",
   "recoverable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "康复常用make a recovery；recover是动词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recovery"
 },
 {
  "w": "elsewhere",
  "uk": "/ˌelsˈweə/",
  "us": "/ˌelsˈwer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在别处；到别处",
    "en": "in or to another place"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This café is full, so let's eat elsewhere.",
    "zh": "这家咖啡馆坐满了，我们去别处吃吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When local housing becomes unaffordable, young workers often move elsewhere in search of better living conditions.",
    "zh": "当本地住房变得难以负担时，年轻劳动者往往会迁往别处，寻找更好的生活条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "look elsewhere｜到别处寻找",
   "go elsewhere｜去别处",
   "elsewhere in the world｜在世界其他地方"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "本身是副词，通常不说in elsewhere或to elsewhere。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elsewhere"
 },
 {
  "w": "harm",
  "uk": "/hɑːm/",
  "us": "/hɑːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "伤害；损害",
    "en": "Physical injury or damage to someone's wellbeing or something's condition."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "伤害；损害",
    "en": "To injure someone or damage something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Too much sunlight can harm the leaves of this plant.",
    "zh": "阳光过强会损伤这种植物的叶子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stricter controls on industrial waste could reduce the harm caused to rivers and protect local wildlife.",
    "zh": "加强对工业废弃物的管控可以减少河流受到的损害，并保护当地野生动物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cause harm｜造成伤害",
   "do more harm than good｜弊大于利",
   "harm the environment｜危害环境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "harmful (adj.)",
   "harmless (adj.)",
   "harmlessly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "damage",
   "hurt"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词不可数；用do harm to，动词harm直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "harm"
 },
 {
  "w": "poultry",
  "uk": "/ˈpəʊltri/",
  "us": "/ˈpoʊltri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "家禽",
    "en": "Birds such as chickens kept for their meat or eggs."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "禽肉",
    "en": "Meat from farmed birds such as chickens and turkeys."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt keeps poultry in a spacious backyard enclosure.",
    "zh": "我阿姨在后院一个宽敞的围栏里养家禽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Higher welfare standards for poultry can improve animal health, although they may increase production costs.",
    "zh": "提高家禽福利标准可以改善动物健康，但可能增加生产成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "poultry farming｜家禽养殖",
   "poultry feed｜家禽饲料",
   "poultry products｜禽类产品"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不用a poultry；表示一只家禽可说a chicken等。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "poultry"
 },
 {
  "w": "peculiar",
  "uk": "/pɪˈkjuːliə/",
  "us": "/pɪˈkjuːljɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "奇怪的；不寻常的",
    "en": "strange or unusual, sometimes in an unpleasant way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "特有的；独具的",
    "en": "belonging only to a particular person, group, place, or thing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A peculiar smell came from the cupboard under the stairs.",
    "zh": "楼梯下的柜子里飘出一股怪味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some environmental challenges are peculiar to coastal cities, including saltwater intrusion and damage caused by storm surges.",
    "zh": "一些环境挑战是沿海城市特有的，包括海水入侵和风暴潮造成的破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "peculiar smell｜奇怪的气味",
   "peculiar behaviour｜古怪的行为",
   "peculiar to｜为……所特有"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "peculiarity (n.)",
   "peculiarly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "strange",
   "odd",
   "unusual"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ordinary",
   "normal"
  ],
  "tip": "peculiar to表示“……特有的”，不是“奇怪”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "peculiar"
 },
 {
  "w": "lean",
  "uk": "/liːn/",
  "us": "/liːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "倾斜；倚靠",
    "en": "Bend or rest against something in a sloping position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "精瘦的；少脂肪的",
    "en": "Having little body fat or containing little fat."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "精简高效的",
    "en": "Using few resources while avoiding waste."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She leaned against the wall and untied her shoes.",
    "zh": "她靠着墙，解开了鞋带。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Lean production methods can help manufacturers reduce waste while maintaining the quality of their products.",
    "zh": "精益生产方法能帮助制造商在保持产品质量的同时减少浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lean against a wall｜靠着墙",
   "lean forward｜向前倾",
   "lean meat｜瘦肉",
   "lean production｜精益生产"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "leaning (n.)",
   "leanness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lean against指倚靠；lean towards可指倾向于。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lean"
 },
 {
  "w": "exhaustion",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "筋疲力尽；极度疲劳",
    "en": "A state of extreme physical or mental tiredness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "耗尽；用尽",
    "en": "The complete use of an available supply or resource."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After the long hike, he fell asleep from exhaustion.",
    "zh": "长途徒步后，他累得睡着了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Persistent exhaustion among healthcare workers can reduce the quality of patient care and increase staff turnover.",
    "zh": "医护人员持续处于极度疲劳状态，可能降低患者护理质量并加剧人员流失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "physical exhaustion｜身体极度疲劳",
   "mental exhaustion｜精神疲惫",
   "the exhaustion of resources｜资源耗尽"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exhaust (v.)",
   "exhausted (adj.)",
   "exhausting (adj.)",
   "exhaustive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fatigue",
   "depletion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "exhaustion不表示详述；exhaustive才表示详尽的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exhaustion"
 },
 {
  "w": "bulletin",
  "uk": "/ˈbʊlətɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈbʊlətɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新闻简报；公告",
    "en": "a short official announcement or report of recent news"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We heard the weather bulletin during breakfast today.",
    "zh": "今天吃早饭时，我们听了天气简报。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should issue regular bulletins during severe weather so that residents can make informed safety decisions.",
    "zh": "恶劣天气期间，地方当局应定期发布公告，帮助居民在了解情况后作出安全决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "news bulletin｜新闻简报",
   "weather bulletin｜天气简报",
   "issue a bulletin｜发布公告"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调简短、及时的消息；news bulletin常指广播新闻。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bulletin"
 },
 {
  "w": "workload",
  "uk": "/ˈwɜːkləʊd/",
  "us": "/ˈwɝːkloʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工作量；工作负荷",
    "en": "The amount of work someone must complete within a particular period."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My workload doubled when two colleagues went on holiday.",
    "zh": "两位同事休假后，我的工作量增加了一倍。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should monitor staff workload carefully to prevent stress and maintain the quality of their services.",
    "zh": "雇主应密切关注员工的工作量，以预防压力并维持服务质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heavy workload｜繁重的工作量",
   "manageable workload｜可应付的工作量",
   "reduce the workload｜减少工作量",
   "share the workload｜分担工作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "work (n.)",
   "work (v.)",
   "worker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "工作量大用heavy workload，而非hard workload。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "workload"
 },
 {
  "w": "characteristic",
  "uk": "/ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "特征；特点",
    "en": "A quality that is typical of a person or thing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "典型的；特有的",
    "en": "Typical of a particular person, thing, or group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One striking characteristic of this cat is its curly fur.",
    "zh": "这只猫的一个显著特征是卷曲的毛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The ability to adapt quickly is an important characteristic of successful businesses in a changing economy.",
    "zh": "在不断变化的经济环境中，快速适应能力是成功企业的重要特征。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "distinctive characteristic｜鲜明特征",
   "physical characteristics｜身体特征",
   "characteristic of｜为……所特有"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "characteristically (adv.)",
   "characterise (v.)",
   "characterisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "feature",
   "trait"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词常用be characteristic of，表示是……的典型特征。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "characteristic"
 },
 {
  "w": "agency",
  "uk": "/ˈeɪdʒənsi/",
  "us": "/ˈeɪdʒənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "代理机构；中介公司",
    "en": "A business that arranges services for people or other businesses."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专门机构；政府部门",
    "en": "An organisation responsible for a particular area of work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自主行动能力",
    "en": "The ability to make choices and act independently."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The travel agency booked our flights and hotel.",
    "zh": "旅行社为我们预订了航班和酒店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A national environmental agency should monitor industrial pollution and ensure that factories comply with safety regulations.",
    "zh": "国家环境机构应监测工业污染，并确保工厂遵守安全规定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a travel agency｜旅行社",
   "a recruitment agency｜招聘中介",
   "a government agency｜政府机构",
   "individual agency｜个人自主行动能力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "agent (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示机构时可数；表示自主行动能力时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "agency"
 },
 {
  "w": "provided",
  "uk": "/prəˈvaɪdɪd/",
  "us": "/prəˈvaɪdɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "只要；条件是",
    "en": "Only if a particular condition is met."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提供；供给",
    "en": "Gave something needed; past tense and past participle of provide."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can borrow my bike provided you return it tonight.",
    "zh": "只要你今晚归还，就可以借我的自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Remote working can improve employee satisfaction, provided that organisations offer adequate technical support and clear communication channels.",
    "zh": "只要机构提供充分的技术支持和明确的沟通渠道，远程办公就能提高员工满意度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "provided that｜只要；条件是",
   "services provided｜所提供的服务",
   "information provided｜所提供的信息"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "provide (v.)",
   "provider (n.)",
   "provision (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "providing",
   "if"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "连词provided (that)表示条件；that可省略。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "provided"
 },
 {
  "w": "wholesaler",
  "uk": "/ˈhəʊlseɪlə/",
  "us": "/ˈhoʊlseɪlər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "批发商",
    "en": "a business selling large quantities of goods mainly to retailers"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our local wholesaler delivers fresh fruit to shops every morning.",
    "zh": "我们当地的批发商每天早上给商店配送新鲜水果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small retailers often depend on a wholesaler to obtain goods at competitive prices.",
    "zh": "小型零售商往往依靠批发商以有竞争力的价格采购商品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "food wholesaler｜食品批发商",
   "buy from a wholesaler｜向批发商采购",
   "a wholesale supplier｜批发供应商"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wholesale (adj.)",
   "wholesale (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "retailer"
  ],
  "tip": "wholesaler主要向商家批量供货，而非直接零售。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wholesaler"
 },
 {
  "w": "relatively",
  "uk": "/ˈrelətɪvli/",
  "us": "/ˈrelətɪvli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "相对地；比较而言",
    "en": "To a certain degree compared with something else."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen is relatively small, but it feels bright.",
    "zh": "厨房比较小，但感觉很明亮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cycling is a relatively inexpensive form of transport that can reduce congestion in crowded cities.",
    "zh": "骑自行车是一种相对便宜的出行方式，可以缓解拥挤城市的交通堵塞。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "relatively low｜相对较低",
   "relatively easy｜比较容易",
   "relatively speaking｜相对而言"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "relative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "comparatively"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示比较后的程度，不等同于very。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "relatively"
 },
 {
  "w": "homestay",
  "uk": "/ˈhəʊmsteɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈhoʊmsteɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "在当地家庭寄宿",
    "en": "A stay in a local family's home while visiting another place"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "During my homestay, I cooked dinner with the family.",
    "zh": "寄宿期间，我和寄宿家庭一起做晚饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A homestay can help international students practise everyday language skills and understand local customs.",
    "zh": "在当地家庭寄宿可以帮助国际学生练习日常语言技能并了解当地习俗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "homestay accommodation｜家庭寄宿住宿",
   "homestay programme｜家庭寄宿项目",
   "homestay family｜寄宿接待家庭"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调住进当地家庭；接待家庭常称host family。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "homestay"
 },
 {
  "w": "flap",
  "uk": "/flæp/",
  "us": "/flæp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拍打；振翅；飘动",
    "en": "To move up and down repeatedly, or make something move."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盖片；垂片",
    "en": "A flat piece attached along one edge, often covering something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "慌乱；紧张",
    "en": "A state of worry or unnecessary excitement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The ducks flapped their wings and splashed across the pond.",
    "zh": "鸭子们拍打着翅膀，溅着水花游过池塘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Observing how birds flap their wings can help engineers develop more efficient designs for small flying robots.",
    "zh": "观察鸟类如何振翅能帮助工程师为小型飞行机器人开发更高效的设计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flap your wings｜拍打翅膀",
   "pocket flap｜口袋盖",
   "get in a flap｜陷入慌乱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flapping (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "flutter"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式flapped，进行式flapping，均双写p。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flap"
 },
 {
  "w": "directory",
  "uk": "/dəˈrektəri/",
  "us": "/dəˈrektəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "名录；通讯录",
    "en": "a list of people or organisations with their contact details"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计算机目录",
    "en": "a location used to organise files on a computer"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I found a nearby plumber in the local directory.",
    "zh": "我在本地名录里找到了一位附近的水管工。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An online directory of community services can help new residents locate essential support more easily.",
    "zh": "社区服务在线名录可以帮助新居民更轻松地找到必要的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "business directory｜企业名录",
   "telephone directory｜电话簿",
   "online directory｜在线名录",
   "root directory｜根目录"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名录通常含联系方式；计算机中指文件目录。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "directory"
 },
 {
  "w": "pedal",
  "uk": "/ˈpedəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpedəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "踏板；脚蹬",
    "en": "A part pushed with the foot to operate something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "踩踏板；骑自行车",
    "en": "To move a bicycle by pushing its pedals."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My foot slipped off the pedal in the rain.",
    "zh": "雨中，我的脚从脚蹬上滑了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "More residents would pedal to work if cities provided safer cycling routes and secure bicycle parking.",
    "zh": "如果城市提供更安全的骑行路线和安全的自行车停车设施，更多居民会骑车上班。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "brake pedal｜刹车踏板",
   "bicycle pedal｜自行车脚蹬",
   "pedal uphill｜骑车上坡"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式过去式常写pedalled，美式写pedaled。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pedal"
 },
 {
  "w": "merely",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪəli/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪrli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "仅仅；只不过",
    "en": "only, and nothing more or more important"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I wasn't complaining; I was merely asking a question.",
    "zh": "我不是在抱怨，只是在问个问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building more roads merely shifts traffic problems elsewhere unless governments also invest in reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "除非政府同时投资可靠的公共交通，否则修建更多道路只会把交通问题转移到别处。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "merely a matter of｜仅仅是……的问题",
   "not merely｜不仅仅",
   "merely because｜仅仅因为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mere (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "only",
   "just",
   "simply"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "语气比only正式；通常置于实义动词前、be动词后。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "merely"
 },
 {
  "w": "resign",
  "uk": "/rɪˈzaɪn/",
  "us": "/rɪˈzaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "辞职；辞去",
    "en": "To officially leave a job or position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使自己接受不如意的事",
    "en": "To accept an unpleasant situation because you cannot change it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She decided to resign and open a small bakery.",
    "zh": "她决定辞职，开一家小面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees may resign when excessive workloads and limited career opportunities make their positions increasingly difficult to sustain.",
    "zh": "当工作量过大、职业发展机会有限，使岗位越来越难以维持时，员工可能会辞职。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "resign from a job｜辞去工作",
   "resign as chair｜辞去主席职务",
   "resign yourself to｜无奈接受"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "resignation (n.)",
   "resigned (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "quit",
   "step down"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "resign oneself to后接名词或动名词，表示无奈接受。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resign"
 },
 {
  "w": "cannon",
  "uk": "/ˈkænən/",
  "us": "/ˈkænən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大炮；火炮",
    "en": "a large heavy gun that fires powerful projectiles"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An old cannon stood beside the castle entrance.",
    "zh": "城堡入口旁摆放着一门旧大炮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The introduction of cannon changed military architecture, encouraging the construction of thicker walls and lower defensive structures.",
    "zh": "大炮的引入改变了军事建筑设计，推动了更厚城墙和更低矮防御工事的建造。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fire a cannon｜开炮",
   "cannon fire｜炮火",
   "a cannon ball｜炮弹"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数可用cannon或cannons；勿与canon混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cannon"
 },
 {
  "w": "rejection",
  "uk": "/rɪˈdʒekʃən/",
  "us": "/rɪˈdʒekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拒绝；否决",
    "en": "The act of refusing to accept someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "排斥反应",
    "en": "The body's immune response against transplanted tissue or an organ."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After another rejection, she revised her job application.",
    "zh": "再次遭到拒绝后，她修改了自己的求职申请。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Repeated rejection in the labour market can damage young people's confidence and discourage further job applications.",
    "zh": "在劳动力市场上屡遭拒绝，可能损害年轻人的信心，使他们不愿继续求职。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fear of rejection｜害怕被拒绝",
   "rejection of a proposal｜否决提案",
   "face rejection｜遭到拒绝",
   "organ rejection｜器官排斥反应"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reject (v.)",
   "rejected (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "refusal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "acceptance"
  ],
  "tip": "rejection of后接被拒绝的人、提议或事物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rejection"
 },
 {
  "w": "craft",
  "uk": "/krɑːft/",
  "us": "/kræft/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手艺；手工艺",
    "en": "An activity involving skill in making things by hand"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "精心制作",
    "en": "Make something carefully and skilfully"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "船；飞行器",
    "en": "A boat, aircraft, or spacecraft"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My neighbour teaches the craft of weaving willow baskets.",
    "zh": "我的邻居教授用柳条编篮子的手艺。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional craft workshops can preserve cultural knowledge while creating employment opportunities in rural communities.",
    "zh": "传统手工艺作坊既能保存文化知识，也能为农村社区创造就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "traditional crafts｜传统手工艺",
   "learn a craft｜学一门手艺",
   "craft a proposal｜精心拟订提案",
   "landing craft｜登陆艇"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "craftsman (n.)",
   "craftsmanship (n.)",
   "handicraft (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示船或飞行器时，craft的单复数形式相同。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "craft"
 },
 {
  "w": "scent",
  "uk": "/sent/",
  "us": "/sent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "香味；气味",
    "en": "A noticeable smell, especially a pleasant one."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "气味踪迹",
    "en": "A smell left behind that an animal can follow."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "嗅到；闻出",
    "en": "To detect something by its smell."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The scent of fresh bread filled the kitchen.",
    "zh": "新鲜面包的香味弥漫了整个厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The scent of flowers can attract pollinators, helping many plant species reproduce and maintain healthy ecosystems.",
    "zh": "花香可以吸引传粉动物，帮助许多植物繁殖，并维持健康的生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a delicate scent｜淡淡的香味",
   "the scent of flowers｜花香",
   "follow a scent｜循着气味追踪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scented (adj.)",
   "unscented (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "smell",
   "fragrance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "scent常指香味，也指动物追踪的气味；c不发音。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scent"
 },
 {
  "w": "noble",
  "uk": "/ˈnəʊbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈnoʊbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "高尚的；崇高的",
    "en": "showing strong moral qualities and concern for others"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "贵族的",
    "en": "belonging to a family with high inherited social rank"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "贵族成员",
    "en": "a person belonging to a high-ranking hereditary social class"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Helping strangers without expecting rewards is a noble act.",
    "zh": "帮助陌生人而不求回报是一种高尚的行为。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although reducing poverty is a noble goal, effective policies require sustained funding and careful evaluation.",
    "zh": "虽然减贫是崇高的目标，但有效的政策需要持续的资金支持和审慎的评估。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "noble cause｜崇高的事业",
   "noble gesture｜高尚的举动",
   "noble family｜贵族家庭"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nobility (n.)",
   "nobly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "honourable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ignoble"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“高尚的”时强调品德，而非社会地位。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "noble"
 },
 {
  "w": "discrimination",
  "uk": "/dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˌskrɪməˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "歧视",
    "en": "unfair treatment based on someone's identity or personal characteristics"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "辨别力；鉴别",
    "en": "the ability or process of noticing differences between things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She reported age discrimination after losing a job opportunity.",
    "zh": "她失去一次工作机会后，举报了年龄歧视。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stronger laws against discrimination can help ensure that all citizens have equal access to employment.",
    "zh": "更有力的反歧视法律有助于确保所有公民享有平等的就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "racial discrimination｜种族歧视",
   "age discrimination｜年龄歧视",
   "discrimination against｜对……的歧视",
   "visual discrimination｜视觉辨别"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "discriminate (v.)",
   "discriminatory (adj.)",
   "discriminating (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "歧视某群体用 discrimination against；通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "discrimination"
 },
 {
  "w": "knight",
  "uk": "/naɪt/",
  "us": "/naɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "中世纪骑士",
    "en": "a medieval soldier of high rank who fought on horseback"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爵士",
    "en": "a man awarded a title of honour by a monarch"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "国际象棋中的马",
    "en": "a chess piece shaped like a horse's head"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The painting shows a knight riding towards a castle.",
    "zh": "画中一位骑士正骑马奔向城堡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museum displays about the medieval knight can help students understand how warfare shaped European society.",
    "zh": "博物馆关于中世纪骑士的展览可以帮助学生理解战争如何塑造欧洲社会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "medieval knight｜中世纪骑士",
   "knight in armour｜披甲骑士",
   "award a knighthood｜授予爵士头衔"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "knighthood (n.)",
   "knightly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "k不发音，与night同音；爵士头衔常用Sir。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "knight"
 },
 {
  "w": "Oceania",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊ.siˈɑː.ni.ə/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊ.ʃiˈæ.ni.ə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大洋洲",
    "en": "the region including Australia, New Zealand, and many Pacific islands"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbour travelled around Oceania with a small backpack.",
    "zh": "我们的邻居背着一个小背包游历了大洋洲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many island communities in Oceania face growing risks from rising sea levels and increasingly severe storms.",
    "zh": "大洋洲的许多岛屿社区正面临海平面上升和风暴日益猛烈带来的更大风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "island nations in Oceania｜大洋洲的岛国",
   "across Oceania｜遍及大洋洲",
   "the peoples of Oceania｜大洋洲各民族"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "专有名词，首字母大写；前面通常不加the。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oceania"
 },
 {
  "w": "packaging",
  "uk": "/ˈpækɪdʒɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈpækɪdʒɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "包装材料；包装",
    "en": "Materials used to wrap and protect products."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This toy comes with far too much plastic packaging.",
    "zh": "这个玩具用了太多塑料包装。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Manufacturers should reduce unnecessary packaging to conserve resources and limit the amount of household waste.",
    "zh": "制造商应减少不必要的包装，以节约资源并减少家庭垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "recyclable packaging｜可回收包装",
   "excessive packaging｜过度包装",
   "packaging materials｜包装材料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "package (n.)",
   "package (v.)",
   "pack (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示包装材料时通常不可数；一件包裹用package。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "packaging"
 },
 {
  "w": "imply",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈplaɪ/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈplaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "暗示；含蓄表达",
    "en": "To suggest something without stating it directly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "意味着；必然包含",
    "en": "To involve something as a necessary result or condition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Are you trying to imply that my cooking is bad?",
    "zh": "你是想暗示我做饭不好吃吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Higher spending on education does not necessarily imply better outcomes unless resources are allocated effectively.",
    "zh": "教育支出增加不一定意味着成效改善，除非资源得到有效分配。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "imply that｜暗示……",
   "not necessarily imply｜不一定意味着",
   "strongly imply｜强烈暗示"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "implication (n.)",
   "implied (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "suggest",
   "insinuate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "state explicitly"
  ],
  "tip": "imply是说话者暗示；infer是听者推断。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "imply"
 },
 {
  "w": "yeast",
  "uk": "/jiːst/",
  "us": "/jiːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酵母；酵母菌",
    "en": "A fungus used to make bread rise and produce alcohol."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Add the yeast once the water feels slightly warm.",
    "zh": "等水摸起来微温时加入酵母。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists use yeast to study basic cellular processes because it grows quickly under controlled laboratory conditions.",
    "zh": "科学家利用酵母研究基本细胞过程，因为它在受控实验室条件下生长迅速。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dried yeast｜干酵母",
   "fresh yeast｜鲜酵母",
   "yeast fermentation｜酵母发酵",
   "yeast cells｜酵母细胞"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "yeasty (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "烘焙中通常作不可数名词；不是baking powder。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "yeast"
 },
 {
  "w": "interruption",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntəˈrʌpʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntəˈrʌpʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "打断；中断",
    "en": "Something that briefly stops an activity, conversation, or continuous process."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sorry for the interruption, but your taxi is here.",
    "zh": "抱歉打断一下，不过你的出租车到了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Frequent interruptions in open offices can reduce concentration and make complex tasks take longer to complete.",
    "zh": "开放式办公室中频繁的干扰可能降低注意力，使复杂任务需要更长时间才能完成。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "without interruption｜不间断地",
   "constant interruptions｜不断的打扰",
   "interruption to services｜服务中断"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "interrupt (v.)",
   "uninterrupted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disruption",
   "disturbance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一次打断可数；without interruption表示不间断。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "interruption"
 },
 {
  "w": "linguist",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪŋɡwɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪŋɡwɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "语言学家",
    "en": "a person who studies how language works"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "精通多种语言的人",
    "en": "a person skilled at speaking or learning several languages"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The linguist recorded my grandmother telling an old story.",
    "zh": "那位语言学家录下了我奶奶讲述一个古老故事的声音。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Linguists can support endangered languages by documenting local speech and helping communities develop teaching materials.",
    "zh": "语言学家可以通过记录当地语言、帮助社区编写教材来保护濒危语言。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "applied linguist｜应用语言学家",
   "trained linguist｜受过专业训练的语言学家",
   "gifted linguist｜有语言天赋的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "linguistics (n.)",
   "linguistic (adj.)",
   "linguistically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "linguist 指人；linguistics 指语言学，作单数学科名。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "linguist"
 },
 {
  "w": "arctic",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːktɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːrktɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "北极的",
    "en": "Relating to the region around the North Pole."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极寒的",
    "en": "Extremely cold."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "北极地区",
    "en": "The region surrounding the North Pole."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An arctic fox curled up beside a snowy rock.",
    "zh": "一只北极狐蜷缩在一块覆雪的岩石旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising temperatures threaten arctic wildlife by reducing the sea ice that many species depend on.",
    "zh": "气温升高使许多物种赖以生存的海冰减少，威胁着北极野生动物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "arctic fox｜北极狐",
   "arctic conditions｜极寒环境",
   "the Arctic｜北极地区"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "polar",
   "freezing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "antarctic"
  ],
  "tip": "指北极地区时用the Arctic；南极是the Antarctic。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arctic"
 },
 {
  "w": "marked",
  "uk": "/mɑːkt/",
  "us": "/mɑːrkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "显著的；明显的",
    "en": "Clearly noticeable and often substantial"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有记号的；有标记的",
    "en": "Having a visible mark that identifies or distinguishes something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a marked difference between these two cakes.",
    "zh": "这两块蛋糕有明显的差别。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The introduction of dedicated cycle lanes led to a marked increase in bicycle use among urban commuters.",
    "zh": "专用自行车道的启用使城市通勤者骑车出行的数量显著增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a marked increase｜显著增加",
   "a marked improvement｜明显改善",
   "a marked contrast｜鲜明对比",
   "clearly marked｜标记清楚的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mark (v.)",
   "mark (n.)",
   "markedly (adv.)",
   "unmarked (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "noticeable",
   "pronounced",
   "distinct"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unmarked"
  ],
  "tip": "学术写作中常表示“显著的”；词尾读/t/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "marked"
 },
 {
  "w": "milestone",
  "uk": "/ˈmaɪlstəʊn/",
  "us": "/ˈmaɪlstoʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重要阶段；里程碑",
    "en": "An important event or stage in development."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "里程标",
    "en": "A roadside stone showing the distance to a place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Getting her first job was a milestone for Sara.",
    "zh": "找到第一份工作是萨拉人生中的一个里程碑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The opening of the railway marked a significant milestone in the region's economic development.",
    "zh": "这条铁路的开通标志着该地区经济发展的一个重要里程碑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reach a milestone｜达到重要阶段",
   "mark a milestone｜标志着重要进展",
   "a major milestone｜重大里程碑"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "landmark"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指发展中的重要节点，常搭配in。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "milestone"
 },
 {
  "w": "approximate",
  "uk": "/əˈprɒksɪmət/",
  "us": "/əˈprɑːksɪmət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大概的；近似的",
    "en": "Close to the actual amount or value, but not exact"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "近似；接近",
    "en": "To be close to something in amount, quality, or character"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you give me an approximate price for the repairs?",
    "zh": "你能告诉我维修大概要多少钱吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers used survey responses to calculate the approximate proportion of residents who regularly used public transport.",
    "zh": "研究人员利用调查回复，计算经常使用公共交通的居民所占的大致比例。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "approximate cost｜大致费用",
   "approximate size｜大致尺寸",
   "approximate figure｜概数"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "approximately (adv.)",
   "approximation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rough",
   "estimated"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "exact",
   "precise"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词词尾读/mət/，动词词尾读/meɪt/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "approximate"
 },
 {
  "w": "truly",
  "uk": "/ˈtruːli/",
  "us": "/ˈtruːli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "真正地；确实",
    "en": "Really or genuinely, rather than only apparently"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "真诚地；由衷地",
    "en": "With sincere feelings or intentions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This is the first place I've felt truly comfortable.",
    "zh": "这是第一个让我感到真正自在的地方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A truly inclusive education system must address the needs of students from different social backgrounds.",
    "zh": "真正包容的教育体系必须满足不同社会背景学生的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "truly believe｜真心相信",
   "truly remarkable｜确实非凡",
   "truly sorry｜由衷抱歉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "true (adj.)",
   "truth (n.)",
   "truthful (adj.)",
   "truthfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "genuinely",
   "really"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "true变truly时去掉e，不能写成truely。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "truly"
 },
 {
  "w": "assign",
  "uk": "/əˈsaɪn/",
  "us": "/əˈsaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分配；指派",
    "en": "To give someone a task, role, or resource"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赋予；确定归属",
    "en": "To give something a particular value or category"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The coach assigned each player a partner for practice.",
    "zh": "教练给每位队员安排了一名训练搭档。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should assign tasks that match students' abilities while encouraging them to develop new skills.",
    "zh": "教师应布置符合学生能力的任务，同时鼓励他们培养新技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "assign a task｜分配任务",
   "assign responsibility｜分派责任",
   "assign someone to a team｜将某人分配到团队",
   "assign a value｜赋值"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assignment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "allocate",
   "allot"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用assign sth to sb，也可用assign sb sth。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assign"
 },
 {
  "w": "barn",
  "uk": "/bɑːn/",
  "us": "/bɑːrn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谷仓；畜棚",
    "en": "a large farm building for storing crops or keeping animals"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stacked the hay inside the barn before sunset.",
    "zh": "我们在日落前把干草堆进了谷仓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Converting unused barns into visitor accommodation can provide additional income for farmers in rural communities.",
    "zh": "将闲置谷仓改为游客住宿设施，可以为农村地区的农民带来额外收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "store hay in a barn｜把干草存入谷仓",
   "barn conversion｜谷仓改建房",
   "wooden barn｜木制谷仓"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指农场里的大型建筑，可储存农作物或饲养牲畜。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "barn"
 },
 {
  "w": "vapour",
  "uk": "/ˈveɪpə/",
  "us": "/ˈveɪpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蒸气；汽",
    "en": "A gas formed when a liquid or solid changes state."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Water vapour condensed into droplets on the cold window.",
    "zh": "水蒸气在冰冷的窗户上凝结成了水滴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As global temperatures rise, the atmosphere can hold more water vapour, which further strengthens the greenhouse effect.",
    "zh": "随着全球气温上升，大气能容纳更多水蒸气，从而进一步增强温室效应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "water vapour｜水蒸气",
   "vapour pressure｜蒸气压",
   "release vapour｜释放蒸气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vaporise (v.)",
   "vaporisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写为vapour，美式为vapor。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vapour"
 },
 {
  "w": "reject",
  "uk": "/rɪˈdʒekt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈdʒekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拒绝接受；否决",
    "en": "To refuse to accept, approve, or believe something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "剔除；丢弃",
    "en": "To remove something because it is faulty or unsuitable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "次品；不合格品",
    "en": "An item not accepted because it fails to meet standards."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop rejected my offer for the old bicycle.",
    "zh": "店家拒绝了我对那辆旧自行车的出价。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities may reject construction proposals if developers cannot demonstrate that nearby wildlife habitats will be protected.",
    "zh": "如果开发商无法证明附近的野生动物栖息地会得到保护，地方政府可能会否决建设方案。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reject a proposal｜否决提案",
   "reject an application｜拒绝申请",
   "reject a claim｜驳回说法",
   "reject defective products｜剔除次品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rejection (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "refuse",
   "decline"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "accept",
   "approve"
  ],
  "tip": "动词重音在后；名词重音在前，读/ˈriːdʒekt/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reject"
 },
 {
  "w": "worship",
  "uk": "/ˈwɜːʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈwɜːrʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "敬神；礼拜",
    "en": "acts of showing respect and devotion to a god"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "敬奉；做礼拜",
    "en": "to show respect and devotion to a god"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "极度崇拜；爱慕",
    "en": "to admire or love someone extremely strongly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They gather for worship in a small village chapel.",
    "zh": "他们聚在村里的一座小教堂做礼拜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historic places of worship often serve as important centres of community life and cultural heritage.",
    "zh": "历史悠久的宗教场所往往是社区生活与文化传承的重要中心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "place of worship｜宗教礼拜场所",
   "freedom of worship｜宗教礼拜自由",
   "religious worship｜宗教礼拜",
   "hero worship｜英雄崇拜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "worshipper (n.)",
   "worshipful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adore",
   "revere"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式过去式worshipped，美式通常worshiped。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "worship"
 },
 {
  "w": "superstition",
  "uk": "/ˌsuːpəˈstɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌsuːpərˈstɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "迷信；迷信观念",
    "en": "An unsupported belief linking events or actions to supernatural forces."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle avoids walking under ladders because of superstition.",
    "zh": "我叔叔因为迷信，不愿从梯子下面走过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Science education can help students distinguish evidence-based explanations from superstition while respecting different cultural traditions.",
    "zh": "科学教育能帮助学生区分有证据支持的解释与迷信，同时尊重不同的文化传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "popular superstition｜流行的迷信观念",
   "out of superstition｜出于迷信",
   "superstition about bad luck｜关于厄运的迷信"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "superstitious (adj.)",
   "superstitiously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指迷信用不可数；某种迷信观念可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "superstition"
 },
 {
  "w": "evaluation",
  "uk": "/ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "评估；评价",
    "en": "the process of judging something's quality, value, or effectiveness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The coach's evaluation helped me improve my swimming technique.",
    "zh": "教练的评价帮助我改进了游泳技术。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular evaluation of educational programmes allows schools to identify weaknesses and allocate resources more effectively.",
    "zh": "定期评估教育项目能帮助学校发现不足，并更有效地分配资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "carry out an evaluation｜开展评估",
   "performance evaluation｜绩效评估",
   "critical evaluation｜批判性评价",
   "evaluation criteria｜评估标准"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "evaluate (v.)",
   "evaluative (adj.)",
   "evaluator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assessment",
   "appraisal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常接of；强调质量或效果，价格估值常用valuation。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "evaluation"
 },
 {
  "w": "violation",
  "uk": "/ˌvaɪəˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌvaɪəˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "违反；违背",
    "en": "an act that breaks a law, rule, or agreement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "侵犯；侵害",
    "en": "an act that disregards someone's rights or privacy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Parking across this entrance is a clear violation.",
    "zh": "把车停在这个入口处显然是违规行为。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Collecting personal information without consent may constitute a violation of privacy, even when the data remains confidential.",
    "zh": "未经同意收集个人信息，即使数据仍被保密，也可能构成对隐私的侵犯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a violation of the law｜违法行为",
   "in violation of｜违反",
   "a violation of privacy｜侵犯隐私",
   "a traffic violation｜交通违章"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "violate (v.)",
   "violator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "breach",
   "infringement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用a violation of表示违反或侵犯某事物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "violation"
 },
 {
  "w": "inspection",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈspekʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈspekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "检查；检验",
    "en": "A careful examination to check condition, quality, or safety."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic found a loose cable during the inspection.",
    "zh": "机械师在检查时发现了一根松动的电缆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular inspection of public buildings can identify structural problems before they become serious safety risks.",
    "zh": "定期检查公共建筑可以在结构问题构成严重安全风险之前发现它们。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "carry out an inspection｜进行检查",
   "safety inspection｜安全检查",
   "on closer inspection｜经仔细检查"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inspect (v.)",
   "inspector (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "examination"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "inspection指检查过程；检查某物用of连接。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inspection"
 },
 {
  "w": "leadership",
  "uk": "/ˈliːdəʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈliːdərʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领导能力；领导",
    "en": "the ability or activity of guiding people towards shared goals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领导层",
    "en": "the people who direct an organisation or country"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her calm leadership helped our team finish the project.",
    "zh": "她沉着的领导帮助我们团队完成了项目。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective leadership in schools can improve staff morale and create a more supportive learning environment.",
    "zh": "有效的学校领导可以提升教职工士气，并营造更有支持性的学习环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "leadership skills｜领导技能",
   "strong leadership｜有力的领导",
   "under the leadership of｜在……的领导下"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lead (v.)",
   "leader (n.)",
   "leading (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；可指领导能力，也可指领导层。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "leadership"
 },
 {
  "w": "prominent",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒmɪnənt/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːmɪnənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "重要的；著名的",
    "en": "Important, well known, or influential"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "显眼的；突出的",
    "en": "Easily noticed because of position, size, or shape"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A prominent local artist opened the exhibition yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天，一位当地著名艺术家为展览揭幕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities play a prominent role in developing technologies that support the transition to renewable energy.",
    "zh": "大学在开发支持向可再生能源转型的技术方面发挥着重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a prominent role｜重要作用",
   "a prominent figure｜知名人物",
   "a prominent position｜显眼的位置"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prominence (n.)",
   "prominently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "notable",
   "conspicuous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "obscure",
   "inconspicuous"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指人物重要知名，也可指位置或外形显眼。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prominent"
 },
 {
  "w": "earnings",
  "uk": "/ˈɜːnɪŋz/",
  "us": "/ˈɝːnɪŋz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工资；劳动收入",
    "en": "money received for doing work"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "企业利润；收益",
    "en": "profits made by a company during a particular period"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He saved half his earnings to buy a bicycle.",
    "zh": "他存下一半收入，用来买自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Workers with unstable earnings may struggle to afford housing, even when average wages in the economy are rising.",
    "zh": "即使整体平均工资在上涨，收入不稳定的劳动者仍可能难以负担住房费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "annual earnings｜年收入",
   "average earnings｜平均收入",
   "company earnings｜公司利润",
   "earnings growth｜收入增长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "earn (v.)",
   "earner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "income"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "以-s结尾的复数名词，作主语时谓语用复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "earnings"
 },
 {
  "w": "waving",
  "uk": "/ˈweɪvɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈweɪvɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "飘动的；摇摆的",
    "en": "Moving gently back and forth, often in the wind."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We rested beneath the gently waving branches of a willow.",
    "zh": "我们在柳树轻轻摇摆的枝条下休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The waving grasses along restored riverbanks provide valuable habitats for wildlife and help protect soil from erosion.",
    "zh": "修复后的河岸上，随风摇曳的草丛为野生动物提供宝贵栖息地，也有助于防止水土流失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "waving branches｜摇摆的树枝",
   "waving flags｜飘扬的旗帜",
   "gently waving grass｜轻轻摇曳的草"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wave (v.)",
   "wave (n.)",
   "wavy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "多为wave的现在分词；静态的“波浪状”通常用wavy。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "waving"
 },
 {
  "w": "replacement",
  "uk": "/rɪˈpleɪsmənt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈpleɪsmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "替代者；替换物",
    "en": "A person or thing that takes another's place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "替换；更换",
    "en": "The act of putting someone or something in another's place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop sent a replacement for my broken kettle.",
    "zh": "商店寄来了一个新水壶，替换我坏掉的那个。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The replacement of outdated buses with electric vehicles could improve air quality in densely populated cities.",
    "zh": "用电动车辆替换老旧公交车，可以改善人口密集城市的空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a replacement for｜……的替代者或替换物",
   "replacement parts｜替换零件",
   "hip replacement｜髋关节置换术"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "replace (v.)",
   "replaceable (adj.)",
   "irreplaceable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "substitute"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "替换物常可数；替换这一过程通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "replacement"
 },
 {
  "w": "conscience",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnʃəns/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnʃəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "良心；道德感",
    "en": "Your inner sense of what is right and wrong."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "内疚；愧疚感",
    "en": "Guilt about something wrong you have done."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My conscience told me to return the lost wallet.",
    "zh": "我的良心告诉我应该归还捡到的钱包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers may struggle with their conscience when buying cheap products made under poor working conditions.",
    "zh": "购买在恶劣劳动条件下生产的廉价商品时，消费者可能会感到良心不安。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a clear conscience｜问心无愧",
   "a guilty conscience｜内疚",
   "a matter of conscience｜良心问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conscientious (adj.)",
   "conscientiously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "conscience是良心；conscious是有意识的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conscience"
 },
 {
  "w": "suspicious",
  "uk": "/səˈspɪʃəs/",
  "us": "/səˈspɪʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可疑的",
    "en": "Making you think something is wrong, dishonest, or illegal."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "怀疑的；不信任的",
    "en": "Feeling that someone or something cannot be trusted."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I noticed a suspicious charge on my bank statement.",
    "zh": "我发现银行账单上有一笔可疑的扣款。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers are increasingly suspicious of environmental claims that companies make without providing clear evidence to support them.",
    "zh": "消费者越来越怀疑企业那些缺乏明确证据支持的环保声明。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "suspicious behaviour｜可疑行为",
   "suspicious circumstances｜可疑情况",
   "suspicious of someone｜对某人心存怀疑",
   "highly suspicious｜非常可疑的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suspicion (n.)",
   "suspect (v.)",
   "suspiciously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "suspect",
   "distrustful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "trusting"
  ],
  "tip": "事物可疑用suspicious；怀疑某事用suspicious of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suspicious"
 },
 {
  "w": "calorie",
  "uk": "/ˈkæləri/",
  "us": "/ˈkæləri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卡路里；热量单位",
    "en": "A unit measuring energy, especially energy in food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This walking app estimates how many calories I burn.",
    "zh": "这个步行应用会估算我消耗了多少卡路里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although calorie information can guide food choices, a balanced diet also depends on nutrient quality.",
    "zh": "虽然热量信息可以指导食物选择，但均衡饮食也取决于营养质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "burn calories｜消耗热量",
   "calorie intake｜热量摄入",
   "low in calories｜热量低",
   "calorie content｜热量含量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "caloric (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "食品语境的calorie通常指千卡；物理学中指卡。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "calorie"
 },
 {
  "w": "sequence",
  "uk": "/ˈsiːkwəns/",
  "us": "/ˈsiːkwəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "顺序；一连串",
    "en": "An ordered series of things, actions, or events."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "按顺序排列",
    "en": "To arrange things or events in a particular order."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Arrange these pictures in the correct sequence before dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭前把这些图片按正确顺序排好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Understanding the sequence of events helps researchers identify the factors that contributed to an environmental disaster.",
    "zh": "了解事件发生的先后顺序，有助于研究人员找出导致环境灾难的因素。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in sequence｜按顺序",
   "a sequence of events｜一连串事件",
   "the correct sequence｜正确顺序"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sequential (adj.)",
   "sequentially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "series",
   "order"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a sequence of后接复数名词，表示一连串事物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sequence"
 },
 {
  "w": "extinct",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈstɪŋkt/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈstɪŋkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "灭绝的",
    "en": "having no living members left"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "死的；不再喷发的",
    "en": "describing a volcano not expected to erupt again"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My little cousin asked why dinosaurs became extinct.",
    "zh": "我的小表弟问恐龙为什么灭绝了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without stronger habitat protection, many endangered species could become extinct within the next few decades.",
    "zh": "如果不加强栖息地保护，许多濒危物种可能在未来几十年内灭绝。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "become extinct｜灭绝",
   "extinct species｜已灭绝物种",
   "extinct volcano｜死火山"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "extinction (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "extant"
  ],
  "tip": "extinct指已灭绝；endangered指濒危，尚未灭绝。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "extinct"
 },
 {
  "w": "inferior",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈfɪəriə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈfɪriər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "较差的；劣等的",
    "en": "Lower in quality, value, or ability than something else."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "级别较低的",
    "en": "Having a lower rank or position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "下属；级别较低者",
    "en": "Someone with a lower rank or position than another person."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cheaper bag felt inferior to the leather one.",
    "zh": "那个便宜包摸起来不如皮包好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools in disadvantaged areas should not receive inferior equipment simply because local funding is limited.",
    "zh": "弱势地区的学校不应仅因当地资金有限就获得较差的设备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inferior to｜不如……的",
   "inferior quality｜较差的质量",
   "feel inferior｜感到自卑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inferiority (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "substandard"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "superior"
  ],
  "tip": "比较用inferior to，不用than；feel inferior指自卑。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inferior"
 },
 {
  "w": "anyhow",
  "uk": "/ˈenihaʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈenihaʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "无论如何；反正",
    "en": "Despite what has happened or been said."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "总之；不管怎样",
    "en": "Used to return to a topic or introduce another point."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "随意地；杂乱地",
    "en": "Without care or any particular order."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was raining, but we went swimming anyhow.",
    "zh": "虽然下着雨，我们还是去游泳了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although public transport improvements require substantial funding, cities should invest in them anyhow to reduce congestion.",
    "zh": "虽然改善公共交通需要大量资金，城市仍应投入，以缓解拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "do it anyhow｜无论如何也要做",
   "go anyhow｜还是去",
   "leave things anyhow｜随意乱放东西"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "anyway"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“反正”较口语化；勿与somehow混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anyhow"
 },
 {
  "w": "guideline",
  "uk": "/ˈɡaɪdlaɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈɡaɪdlaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "指导原则；准则",
    "en": "Advice or a principle explaining how something should be done."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These guidelines explain how to store food safely.",
    "zh": "这些指南说明了如何安全储存食物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear guidelines on data collection can help researchers protect participants while maintaining the quality of their studies.",
    "zh": "明确的数据收集准则可以帮助研究人员在维持研究质量的同时保护参与者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "follow guidelines｜遵循准则",
   "issue guidelines｜发布指南",
   "safety guidelines｜安全准则",
   "clear guidelines｜明确的指导原则"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "guidance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用复数guidelines；通常指指导而非强制法规。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "guideline"
 },
 {
  "w": "walnut",
  "uk": "/ˈwɔːlnʌt/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːlnʌt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "核桃",
    "en": "An edible nut with a wrinkled kernel and hard shell."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "核桃树；核桃木",
    "en": "A tree producing walnuts, or its wood used for furniture."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She cracked a walnut and shared the kernel with me.",
    "zh": "她敲开一个核桃，把核桃仁分给了我一些。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing walnut trees can provide farmers with additional income while increasing tree cover in rural areas.",
    "zh": "种植核桃树既能为农民增加收入，又能提高农村地区的树木覆盖率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "walnut shell｜核桃壳",
   "walnut tree｜核桃树",
   "walnut oil｜核桃油",
   "walnut furniture｜核桃木家具"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指核桃或树时可数，指核桃木材时不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "walnut"
 },
 {
  "w": "airy",
  "uk": "/ˈeəri/",
  "us": "/ˈeri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "通风的；宽敞明亮的",
    "en": "having plenty of fresh air and open space"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "轻盈的；轻飘的",
    "en": "light and delicate in appearance or texture"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "漫不经心的；轻率的",
    "en": "casual in a way that suggests little concern"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bedroom feels airy with both windows wide open.",
    "zh": "两扇窗都大开着，卧室显得通风又舒适。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Bright, airy classrooms can create a more comfortable learning environment, especially in schools located in warm climates.",
    "zh": "明亮通风的教室能营造更舒适的学习环境，在气候温暖地区的学校尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "light and airy｜明亮通风的",
   "an airy room｜通风宽敞的房间",
   "an airy wave｜漫不经心的一挥手"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "air (n.)",
   "airiness (n.)",
   "airily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "stuffy"
  ],
  "tip": "形容房间时指通风宽敞，不是“空气制成的”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "airy"
 },
 {
  "w": "recruit",
  "uk": "/rɪˈkruːt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈkruːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "招聘；招募",
    "en": "to find and employ workers or attract new members"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新员工；新成员；新兵",
    "en": "someone who has recently joined an organization or armed force"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The animal shelter is recruiting volunteers for weekend shifts.",
    "zh": "这家动物收容所正在招募周末值班的志愿者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hospitals need to recruit more nurses to meet the growing demand for healthcare services.",
    "zh": "医院需要招聘更多护士，以满足日益增长的医疗服务需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "recruit staff｜招聘员工",
   "recruit volunteers｜招募志愿者",
   "a new recruit｜新成员",
   "recruitment agency｜招聘机构"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recruitment (n.)",
   "recruiter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hire",
   "enlist"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "recruit可作动词或可数名词；招聘活动用recruitment。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recruit"
 },
 {
  "w": "luxurious",
  "uk": "/lʌɡˈʒʊəriəs/",
  "us": "/lʌɡˈʒʊriəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "豪华的；奢华舒适的",
    "en": "Very comfortable and expensive, often with beautiful surroundings or materials."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our hotel room had a luxurious bath overlooking the sea.",
    "zh": "我们的酒店客房里有一个可欣赏海景的豪华浴缸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although luxurious resorts attract wealthy visitors, their high water consumption can place pressure on local resources.",
    "zh": "尽管豪华度假村能吸引富裕游客，但其高耗水量会给当地资源带来压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "luxurious hotel｜豪华酒店",
   "luxurious lifestyle｜奢华的生活方式",
   "luxurious accommodation｜豪华住宿"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "luxury (n.)",
   "luxuriously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lavish",
   "opulent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "basic",
   "spartan"
  ],
  "tip": "luxurious指豪华舒适；luxuriant多指植物繁茂。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "luxurious"
 },
 {
  "w": "ease",
  "uk": "/iːz/",
  "us": "/iːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "减轻；缓解",
    "en": "To make pain, difficulty, or worry less severe."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轻松；自在",
    "en": "Freedom from difficulty, effort, or worry."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "小心缓慢地移动",
    "en": "To move something slowly and carefully into a position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A warm bath helped ease the pain in my shoulders.",
    "zh": "洗个热水澡帮助缓解了我的肩痛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving public transport could ease traffic congestion while making employment opportunities more accessible to suburban residents.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通可以缓解交通拥堵，同时让郊区居民更容易获得就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ease the pain｜缓解疼痛",
   "ease congestion｜缓解拥堵",
   "with ease｜轻松地",
   "at ease｜自在；放松"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "easy (adj.)",
   "easily (adv.)",
   "uneasy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "alleviate",
   "relieve"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "aggravate"
  ],
  "tip": "with ease指毫不费力；at ease指自在放松。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ease"
 },
 {
  "w": "tackle",
  "uk": "/ˈtækəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtækəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "处理；应对",
    "en": "Make a determined effort to deal with a difficult problem."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抢球；擒抱阻截",
    "en": "Try to stop an opponent or take their ball."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体育用具；渔具",
    "en": "Equipment used for an activity, especially fishing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Let's tackle the messy kitchen before our guests arrive.",
    "zh": "趁客人还没到，我们先收拾这乱糟糟的厨房吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments need to tackle housing shortages by supporting affordable construction and improving access to public transport.",
    "zh": "政府需要通过支持可负担住房建设和改善公共交通的可及性来应对住房短缺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tackle a problem｜处理问题",
   "tackle inequality｜应对不平等",
   "fishing tackle｜渔具",
   "tackle an opponent｜阻截对手"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "address",
   "confront"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tackle直接接问题，不加with；强调着手应对。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tackle"
 },
 {
  "w": "compartment",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpɑːtmənt/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpɑːrtmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "隔层；隔间；车厢包间",
    "en": "A separate section within a container, vehicle, or building."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep your keys in the small compartment inside your bag.",
    "zh": "把钥匙放在包里的小隔层中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Separate compartments on trains can provide passengers with greater privacy during long journeys.",
    "zh": "火车上的独立包间能让乘客在长途旅行中享有更多隐私。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "storage compartment｜储物格",
   "glove compartment｜汽车手套箱",
   "train compartment｜火车包间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compartmentalise (v.)",
   "compartmentalisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指较大空间内分隔出的部分，如包内隔层。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "compartment"
 },
 {
  "w": "villain",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪlən/",
  "us": "/ˈvɪlən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "反派角色；恶棍",
    "en": "an evil character in a story, or a cruel person"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "罪魁祸首",
    "en": "someone or something considered responsible for a problem"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The villain hid the stolen jewels inside a boot.",
    "zh": "那个恶棍把偷来的珠宝藏进了一只靴子里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Films often portray a single villain, although real social problems usually have more complex causes.",
    "zh": "电影常常塑造一个反派，但现实社会问题的成因通常更加复杂。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play the villain｜扮演反派",
   "the villain of the story｜故事中的反派",
   "the real villain｜真正的罪魁祸首"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "villainous (adj.)",
   "villainy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "evildoer"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hero"
  ],
  "tip": "常指故事中的反派；别与villa“别墅”混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "villain"
 },
 {
  "w": "invade",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈveɪd/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈveɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "入侵；侵略",
    "en": "To enter another country by force to take control"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "侵犯；侵扰",
    "en": "To enter or affect someone's private space without permission"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "大量涌入",
    "en": "To arrive somewhere in large, often unwelcome groups"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Ants invaded our kitchen after we left cake out.",
    "zh": "我们把蛋糕放在外面后，蚂蚁大批涌进了厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some monitoring technologies can invade people's privacy, even when they are introduced to improve public safety.",
    "zh": "某些监控技术即使是为改善公共安全而引入的，也可能侵犯人们的隐私。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "invade a country｜入侵一个国家",
   "invade someone's privacy｜侵犯某人的隐私",
   "invade personal space｜侵入个人空间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "invasion (n.)",
   "invader (n.)",
   "invasive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接宾语；名词形式是invasion。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "invade"
 },
 {
  "w": "classification",
  "uk": "/ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分类；归类",
    "en": "The process of arranging things into groups by shared features."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "类别；等级",
    "en": "A category to which something is officially assigned."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The library uses colour for the classification of books.",
    "zh": "这家图书馆用颜色来给书籍分类。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accurate classification of species helps scientists understand biodiversity and identify ecosystems that require urgent protection.",
    "zh": "准确的物种分类有助于科学家理解生物多样性，并识别亟须保护的生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "classification system｜分类体系",
   "classification of species｜物种分类",
   "data classification｜数据分类"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "classify (v.)",
   "class (n.)",
   "classified (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "categorisation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "classify A as B表示“把A归为B类”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "classification"
 },
 {
  "w": "imitation",
  "uk": "/ˌɪmɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪmɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "模仿；仿效",
    "en": "The act of copying someone's behaviour or something's appearance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "仿制品",
    "en": "An object made to look like another, often more valuable, object."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "仿制的；人造的",
    "en": "Made to resemble a natural or more expensive material."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His imitation of a sleepy cat made us laugh.",
    "zh": "他模仿困倦猫咪的样子逗得我们大笑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Young children acquire many social skills through imitation, making positive adult behaviour especially important in early education.",
    "zh": "幼儿通过模仿习得许多社交技能，因此成人的积极行为在早期教育中尤为重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "learn by imitation｜通过模仿学习",
   "a poor imitation｜拙劣的模仿；劣质仿品",
   "imitation leather｜人造革",
   "in imitation of｜模仿……"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "imitate (v.)",
   "imitative (adj.)",
   "imitator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "copying"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "模仿行为通常不可数；一件仿制品用an imitation。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "imitation"
 },
 {
  "w": "barrel",
  "uk": "/ˈbærəl/",
  "us": "/ˈbærəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大圆桶；一桶的量",
    "en": "A large round container with flat ends, or its contents."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "枪管；炮管",
    "en": "The tube of a gun through which a bullet travels."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "飞奔；高速行驶",
    "en": "To move very fast, often with little control."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We collect rainwater in a wooden barrel behind the shed.",
    "zh": "我们用棚屋后面的一个木桶收集雨水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The price of a barrel of oil can influence transport costs throughout the global economy.",
    "zh": "每桶石油的价格能影响整个全球经济的运输成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wooden barrel｜木桶",
   "a barrel of oil｜一桶石油",
   "gun barrel｜枪管",
   "barrel down the road｜沿路飞驰"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cask"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数barrels；一桶石油用a barrel of oil。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "barrel"
 },
 {
  "w": "prevention",
  "uk": "/prɪˈvenʃən/",
  "us": "/prɪˈvenʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预防；防止",
    "en": "Action taken to stop something unwanted from happening."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Regular handwashing is a simple method of infection prevention.",
    "zh": "经常洗手是一种简单的预防感染的方法。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in disease prevention can reduce pressure on hospitals and improve public health over the long term.",
    "zh": "从长远来看，投资疾病预防能够减轻医院压力并改善公共健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disease prevention｜疾病预防",
   "crime prevention｜犯罪预防",
   "fire prevention｜防火"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prevent (v.)",
   "preventive (adj.)",
   "preventable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；动词搭配为prevent sb from doing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prevention"
 },
 {
  "w": "wagon",
  "uk": "/ˈwæɡən/",
  "us": "/ˈwæɡən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "四轮运货马车",
    "en": "a four-wheeled vehicle pulled by horses to carry goods"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铁路货车车厢",
    "en": "a railway vehicle for carrying goods, especially in British English"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The horse pulled a wagon loaded with fresh apples.",
    "zh": "马拉着一辆装满新鲜苹果的货车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before modern roads developed, farmers relied on horse-drawn wagons to transport their produce to regional markets.",
    "zh": "在现代道路发展起来之前，农民依靠马拉货车将农产品运到地区市场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "horse-drawn wagon｜马拉货车",
   "covered wagon｜有篷马车",
   "goods wagon｜铁路货车车厢"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英国英语也写作waggon；铁路义主要用于英式英语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wagon"
 },
 {
  "w": "broaden",
  "uk": "/ˈbrɔːdən/",
  "us": "/ˈbrɔːdən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拓宽；扩大",
    "en": "Increase the range of knowledge, experience, or available choices."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变宽；使变宽",
    "en": "Become wider, or make something wider."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Trying new recipes has broadened my knowledge of different cuisines.",
    "zh": "尝试新食谱拓宽了我对不同菜系的认识。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should broaden access to arts education so that students from all backgrounds can develop their creative abilities.",
    "zh": "学校应扩大艺术教育的覆盖范围，让各种背景的学生都能培养创造力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "broaden your horizons｜开阔眼界",
   "broaden your knowledge｜拓宽知识面",
   "broaden access to｜扩大获得……的机会",
   "broaden the scope｜扩大范围"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "broad (adj.)",
   "broadly (adv.)",
   "breadth (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "widen",
   "expand"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "narrow",
   "restrict"
  ],
  "tip": "常用于抽象范围；broaden your horizons指开阔眼界。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "broaden"
 },
 {
  "w": "descent",
  "uk": "/dɪˈsent/",
  "us": "/dɪˈsent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "下降；下行",
    "en": "Movement from a higher position to a lower one."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "血统；祖籍",
    "en": "A person's family origins or ancestry."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "下坡；下坡路段",
    "en": "A slope or path that leads downwards."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The plane began its descent as the coastline appeared.",
    "zh": "海岸线映入眼帘时，飞机开始下降。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People of different ethnic descent contribute diverse skills and perspectives to their local communities.",
    "zh": "不同族裔背景的人为当地社区带来多样的技能和视角。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "begin the descent｜开始下降",
   "a steep descent｜陡峭的下坡",
   "of Chinese descent｜华裔的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "descend (v.)",
   "descendant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ancestry"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ascent"
  ],
  "tip": "descent是名词；动词用descend，勿混淆decent。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "descent"
 },
 {
  "w": "core",
  "uk": "/kɔː/",
  "us": "/kɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "核心；中心部分；果核",
    "en": "the central or most important part of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "核心的；最重要的",
    "en": "central and essential to something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "去除果核",
    "en": "to remove the hard central part of a fruit"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She ate the apple and threw away the core.",
    "zh": "她吃完苹果，把果核扔掉了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Critical thinking should be a core skill taught in schools because it helps students evaluate information independently.",
    "zh": "批判性思维应成为学校教授的核心技能，因为它有助于学生独立评估信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at the core of｜处于……的核心",
   "core skills｜核心技能",
   "apple core｜苹果核",
   "the Earth's core｜地核"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "centre"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "果核指苹果等的中央硬部；桃核通常用stone。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "core"
 },
 {
  "w": "signpost",
  "uk": "/ˈsaɪnpəʊst/",
  "us": "/ˈsaɪnpoʊst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "路标；指路牌",
    "en": "A roadside post showing directions to different places."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "设置路标",
    "en": "Mark a route or place with signs showing directions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提示结构；指明要点",
    "en": "Make the structure or direction of an explanation clear."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stopped at the signpost beside the forest path.",
    "zh": "我们在林间小路旁的路标处停了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Writers should signpost changes in their argument so that readers can follow complex discussions more easily.",
    "zh": "作者应提示论证中的转折，让读者更容易跟上复杂的讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "follow the signposts｜沿路标前行",
   "clearly signposted｜有清晰路标的",
   "signpost an argument｜提示论证脉络"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "signposting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "写作中作动词，指用衔接表达提示论证结构。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "signpost"
 },
 {
  "w": "pump",
  "uk": "/pʌmp/",
  "us": "/pʌmp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "泵；抽水机；打气筒",
    "en": "a device that moves liquid or gas"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用泵输送；抽；打气",
    "en": "to move liquid or gas using a pump"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I keep a bicycle pump beside the garage door.",
    "zh": "我把自行车打气筒放在车库门旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Solar power can operate a water pump, helping rural communities obtain clean water without relying on expensive fuel.",
    "zh": "太阳能可以驱动水泵，帮助农村社区获取清洁用水，而无需依赖昂贵的燃料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "water pump｜水泵",
   "bicycle pump｜自行车打气筒",
   "pump water｜抽水",
   "pump up a tyre｜给轮胎打气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pumping (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pump up a tyre表示给轮胎打气；抽水用pump water。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pump"
 },
 {
  "w": "vague",
  "uk": "/veɪɡ/",
  "us": "/veɪɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "含糊的；不明确的",
    "en": "Not clearly expressed or lacking specific details"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "模糊的；不清晰的",
    "en": "Not clear in shape, memory, or feeling"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His vague directions left us wandering around the station.",
    "zh": "他含糊的指路让我们在车站附近转来转去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Vague environmental targets make it difficult for citizens to assess whether government policies are achieving meaningful progress.",
    "zh": "含糊的环境目标让公民难以判断政府政策是否取得了实质性进展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vague idea｜模糊的想法",
   "vague memory｜模糊的记忆",
   "vague instructions｜含糊的指示",
   "vague about｜对……说不清楚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vaguely (adv.)",
   "vagueness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unclear",
   "imprecise"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "clear",
   "precise"
  ],
  "tip": "be vague about表示对某事说不清或含糊其词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vague"
 },
 {
  "w": "withdraw",
  "uk": "/wɪðˈdrɔː/",
  "us": "/wɪðˈdrɔː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提取；取款",
    "en": "To take money out of a bank account"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "退出；撤离",
    "en": "To leave an activity or move away from a place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "撤回；取消",
    "en": "To remove something offered or take back a statement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I need to withdraw some cash before the market closes.",
    "zh": "我需要在市场关门前取些现金。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments may withdraw financial support from industries that repeatedly fail to meet environmental standards.",
    "zh": "政府可能会撤回对屡次未能达到环境标准的行业的财政支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "withdraw cash｜提取现金",
   "withdraw from a competition｜退出比赛",
   "withdraw an application｜撤回申请",
   "withdraw support｜撤回支持"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "withdrawal (n.)",
   "withdrawn (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "deposit"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式withdrew，过去分词withdrawn；退出用from。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "withdraw"
 },
 {
  "w": "prey",
  "uk": "/preɪ/",
  "us": "/preɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "猎物",
    "en": "An animal hunted and eaten by another animal."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "受害者；受骗者",
    "en": "Someone targeted for harm or exploitation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "捕食；欺凌；坑害",
    "en": "To hunt animals or exploit vulnerable people, usually with on."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The owl watched its prey from a low branch.",
    "zh": "猫头鹰从一根低矮的树枝上注视着猎物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When natural prey becomes scarce, some predators move closer to farms in search of food.",
    "zh": "当天然猎物稀缺时，一些捕食者会靠近农场寻找食物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "birds of prey｜猛禽",
   "prey on small animals｜捕食小动物",
   "fall prey to fraud｜成为诈骗受害者"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "predator"
  ],
  "tip": "名词通常不可数；动词常用prey on；勿混pray。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prey"
 },
 {
  "w": "sincere",
  "uk": "/sɪnˈsɪə/",
  "us": "/sɪnˈsɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "真诚的；诚挚的",
    "en": "Honestly expressing what you really feel or believe"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her sincere apology helped us become friends again.",
    "zh": "她真诚的道歉让我们重新成为了朋友。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sincere efforts to consult local residents can strengthen public trust in major urban development projects.",
    "zh": "真诚征求当地居民意见的努力，可以增强公众对重大城市开发项目的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sincere apology｜诚恳的道歉",
   "sincere thanks｜诚挚的感谢",
   "sincere desire｜真诚的愿望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sincerely (adv.)",
   "sincerity (n.)",
   "insincere (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "genuine",
   "heartfelt"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "insincere"
  ],
  "tip": "sincere强调不虚假；sincerely常用于信件结尾。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sincere"
 },
 {
  "w": "overwhelm",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈwelm/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvərˈwelm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使不知所措；使情绪难抑",
    "en": "To affect someone so strongly they cannot cope."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使不堪重负",
    "en": "To give a system or person more than they can handle."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "压倒；彻底击败",
    "en": "To defeat someone using much greater strength."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt overwhelmed by everyone's kindness after the move.",
    "zh": "搬家后，大家的善意让我感动得不知如何是好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A sudden increase in visitors can overwhelm local infrastructure unless tourism growth is carefully managed.",
    "zh": "如果不谨慎管理旅游业增长，游客骤增可能使当地基础设施不堪重负。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel overwhelmed｜感到难以应对",
   "be overwhelmed by emotion｜情绪激动得难以自持",
   "overwhelm local services｜使当地服务不堪重负"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "overwhelming (adj.)",
   "overwhelmed (adj.)",
   "overwhelmingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "overpower",
   "swamp"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "人感到 overwhelmed；事物令人 overwhelming。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overwhelm"
 },
 {
  "w": "cane",
  "uk": "/keɪn/",
  "us": "/keɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手杖",
    "en": "a stick used to support someone while walking"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "藤条；藤材",
    "en": "flexible plant stems used for making furniture and baskets"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "甘蔗",
    "en": "a tall tropical plant grown for its sweet stems"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather uses a cane on uneven paths.",
    "zh": "爷爷在不平坦的小路上走路时会用手杖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing cane for sugar can provide rural employment but requires substantial water resources.",
    "zh": "种植甘蔗制糖可以为农村提供就业机会，但需要大量水资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "walk with a cane｜拄着手杖走路",
   "cane furniture｜藤制家具",
   "sugar cane｜甘蔗"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "walking stick"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作“手杖”可数；作“藤材”或“甘蔗”通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cane"
 },
 {
  "w": "enrol",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈrəʊl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈroʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "注册；报名；招收",
    "en": "Officially join, or register someone for, a course or organisation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I plan to enrol on a cooking course next month.",
    "zh": "我打算下个月报名参加烹饪课程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments can encourage adults to enrol in vocational training by offering flexible schedules and financial support.",
    "zh": "政府可以通过提供灵活的课程安排和经济支持，鼓励成年人报名参加职业培训。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enrol on a course｜报名课程",
   "enrol in a programme｜报名项目",
   "enrol students｜招收学生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enrolment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "register",
   "sign up"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式 enrol，美式 enroll；过去式均为 enrolled。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enrol"
 },
 {
  "w": "reunion",
  "uk": "/ˌriːˈjuːniən/",
  "us": "/ˌriːˈjuːniən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重聚；团聚；聚会",
    "en": "An occasion when people meet again after time apart."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our family reunion filled the garden with laughter.",
    "zh": "我们的家庭聚会让花园里充满了欢笑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School reunions can strengthen social connections and encourage former students to support their local communities.",
    "zh": "校友聚会能够加强社会联系，并鼓励往届学生支持当地社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "family reunion｜家庭团聚",
   "school reunion｜校友聚会",
   "a joyful reunion｜欢乐的重聚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reunite (v.)",
   "reunited (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调分别后的再相聚，不泛指任何聚会。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reunion"
 },
 {
  "w": "severely",
  "uk": "/sɪˈvɪəli/",
  "us": "/səˈvɪrli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "严重地；极度地",
    "en": "to a very serious or extreme degree"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "严厉地",
    "en": "in a strict or harsh manner"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The storm severely damaged the roof of our house.",
    "zh": "暴风雨严重损坏了我们家的屋顶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Limited access to clean water can severely affect public health and restrict economic development in rural communities.",
    "zh": "难以获得清洁水源会严重影响公众健康，并制约农村社区的经济发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "severely damaged｜严重受损",
   "severely affected｜受到严重影响",
   "severely limited｜受到极大限制",
   "criticise severely｜严厉批评"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "severe (adj.)",
   "severity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "seriously",
   "harshly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "mildly"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指程度严重，也可指态度严厉，须看搭配。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "severely"
 },
 {
  "w": "rectangular",
  "uk": "/rekˈtæŋɡjələ/",
  "us": "/rekˈtæŋɡjələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "长方形的；矩形的",
    "en": "Having four straight sides and four right angles"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought a rectangular table for the dining room.",
    "zh": "我们给餐厅买了一张长方形餐桌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rectangular classrooms can accommodate rows of desks efficiently, although other layouts may encourage more group interaction.",
    "zh": "长方形教室能高效容纳成排的课桌，不过其他布局可能更有利于小组互动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a rectangular table｜长方形桌子",
   "a rectangular shape｜矩形形状",
   "a rectangular plot｜长方形地块"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rectangle (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rectangle是名词；rectangular是形容词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rectangular"
 },
 {
  "w": "agriculture",
  "uk": "/ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "农业",
    "en": "The activity of growing crops and raising animals for food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Many families here earn their living through agriculture.",
    "zh": "这里许多家庭靠农业谋生。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sustainable agriculture can protect soil quality while providing enough food for a growing global population.",
    "zh": "可持续农业既能保护土壤质量，又能为不断增长的全球人口提供充足的食物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sustainable agriculture｜可持续农业",
   "intensive agriculture｜集约农业",
   "organic agriculture｜有机农业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "agricultural (adj.)",
   "agriculturist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "farming"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；形容词为agricultural。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "agriculture"
 },
 {
  "w": "mass",
  "uk": "/mæs/",
  "us": "/mæs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大量；大团；大块",
    "en": "a large amount of something gathered together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "质量",
    "en": "the amount of matter in an object"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大规模的；大众的",
    "en": "involving or affecting very large numbers of people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A mass of tangled cables lay behind the desk.",
    "zh": "书桌后面堆着一大团缠在一起的电线。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Mass production has made household goods more affordable, but it can also increase waste and resource consumption.",
    "zh": "大规模生产使家居用品更便宜，但也可能增加废弃物和资源消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a mass of｜大量；一大团",
   "body mass｜身体质量",
   "mass production｜大规模生产",
   "mass media｜大众传媒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "massive (adj.)",
   "massively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "物理学中mass指质量，weight指重量，二者不同。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mass"
 },
 {
  "w": "rental",
  "uk": "/ˈrentəl/",
  "us": "/ˈrentəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "租赁；租金",
    "en": "The act of renting something, or the money paid for it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "租赁的；供出租的",
    "en": "Relating to renting, or available to rent"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "租用的房屋或车辆",
    "en": "A house, vehicle, or other item that someone rents"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Bike rental includes a helmet and a sturdy lock.",
    "zh": "租自行车还配有头盔和一把结实的锁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High rental costs can force young workers to live far from major employment centres.",
    "zh": "高昂的租金可能迫使年轻劳动者住在远离主要就业中心的地方。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "car rental｜汽车租赁",
   "rental agreement｜租赁协议",
   "rental income｜租金收入",
   "rental property｜出租房产"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rent (v.)",
   "rent (n.)",
   "renter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "租金常用rent；rental还可指租赁服务或作形容词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rental"
 },
 {
  "w": "privacy",
  "uk": "/ˈprɪvəsi/",
  "us": "/ˈpraɪvəsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "隐私；隐私权",
    "en": "Freedom from unwanted access to personal information or private life."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "独处；不受打扰的状态",
    "en": "The state of being alone and free from disturbance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please knock before entering; everyone needs a little privacy.",
    "zh": "进门前请敲门；每个人都需要一点私人空间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should protect individual privacy while allowing researchers to use anonymous data for public health studies.",
    "zh": "政府应保护个人隐私，同时允许研究人员使用匿名数据开展公共卫生研究。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "protect privacy｜保护隐私",
   "invasion of privacy｜侵犯隐私",
   "privacy settings｜隐私设置",
   "in the privacy of your home｜在家中不受打扰地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "private (adj.)",
   "privately (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；英美发音首音节差异明显。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "privacy"
 },
 {
  "w": "inject",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdʒekt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdʒekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "注射；注入",
    "en": "To put a substance into something using a needle or pressure."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "投入；增添",
    "en": "To introduce money, energy, or something new into a situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse will inject the medicine into my arm.",
    "zh": "护士会把药注射到我的手臂里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public investment can inject new energy into declining towns by supporting local businesses and improving transport.",
    "zh": "公共投资可以通过扶持当地企业和改善交通，为衰落的城镇注入新活力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inject medicine｜注射药物",
   "inject funds into｜向……注入资金",
   "inject new life into｜为……注入新生机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "injection (n.)",
   "injectable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用inject A into B：将A注入B。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inject"
 },
 {
  "w": "undergraduate",
  "uk": "/ˌʌndəˈɡrædʒuət/",
  "us": "/ˌʌndərˈɡrædʒuət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大学本科生",
    "en": "a university student studying for a first degree"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "本科的；本科生的",
    "en": "relating to study for a first university degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister is an undergraduate studying chemistry nearby.",
    "zh": "我姐姐在附近的一所大学读化学本科。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many undergraduate courses now include practical placements to help students prepare for their future careers.",
    "zh": "如今许多本科课程都包含实习，以帮助学生为未来的职业生涯做好准备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "undergraduate student｜本科生",
   "undergraduate degree｜本科学位",
   "undergraduate course｜本科课程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "graduate (n.)",
   "postgraduate (n.)",
   "graduation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指正在攻读首个大学学位的学生，不等于“肄业生”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "undergraduate"
 },
 {
  "w": "consequently",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnsɪkwəntli/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnsəkwentli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "因此；结果",
    "en": "as a result of something mentioned earlier"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery was closed; consequently, we went home without bread.",
    "zh": "面包店关门了，因此我们没买到面包就回家了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Housing costs have risen sharply; consequently, many young adults are delaying their decision to live independently.",
    "zh": "住房成本大幅上涨，因此许多年轻人推迟了独立居住的决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "and consequently｜并因此",
   "consequently lead to｜进而导致",
   "consequently require｜因而需要"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consequence (n.)",
   "consequent (adj.)",
   "consequential (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "therefore",
   "thus",
   "hence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是副词而非连词；连接独立句可在前面用分号。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consequently"
 },
 {
  "w": "gulp",
  "uk": "/ɡʌlp/",
  "us": "/ɡʌlp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "大口吞咽",
    "en": "To swallow food or drink quickly in large amounts."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "紧张地咽口水",
    "en": "To swallow because you are nervous or frightened."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一大口",
    "en": "An amount swallowed in one quick movement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After cycling home, I gulped down a glass of water.",
    "zh": "骑车回家后，我大口喝下了一杯水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Workers who gulp down meals during short breaks may find it harder to maintain healthy eating habits.",
    "zh": "在短暂休息时狼吞虎咽的员工，可能更难保持健康的饮食习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gulp down｜大口吞下",
   "take a gulp｜喝一大口",
   "gulp nervously｜紧张地咽口水"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gulp down强调快速吞下；sip指小口抿饮。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gulp"
 },
 {
  "w": "primitive",
  "uk": "/ˈprɪmɪtɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈprɪmətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "简陋的；粗糙的",
    "en": "Very basic, without advanced features or modern comforts."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "原始的；早期的",
    "en": "Belonging to an early stage of development."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The campsite had only a primitive outdoor cooking area.",
    "zh": "营地只有一个简陋的户外烹饪区。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although these tools appear primitive, they reveal considerable skill in selecting and shaping locally available materials.",
    "zh": "尽管这些工具看起来粗糙，却体现了选择和加工当地材料的高超技艺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "primitive tools｜原始工具",
   "primitive conditions｜简陋的条件",
   "primitive life forms｜原始生命形式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "primitively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rudimentary",
   "basic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "advanced",
   "sophisticated"
  ],
  "tip": "形容设施可指简陋；用于当代民族或文化可能含贬义。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "primitive"
 },
 {
  "w": "despair",
  "uk": "/dɪˈspeə/",
  "us": "/dɪˈsper/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "绝望",
    "en": "The feeling that there is no hope."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "绝望；失去希望",
    "en": "To lose all hope that things will improve."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He felt deep despair when his final application was rejected.",
    "zh": "最后一份申请被拒后，他感到深深的绝望。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Long periods of unemployment can lead to despair, highlighting the importance of accessible career advice and emotional support.",
    "zh": "长期失业可能让人陷入绝望，这凸显了提供便利的职业咨询和情感支持的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in despair｜绝望地",
   "a sense of despair｜绝望感",
   "despair of doing something｜对做成某事不抱希望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "despairing (adj.)",
   "despairingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hopelessness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hope"
  ],
  "tip": "名词通常不可数；动词常接of，不接直接宾语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "despair"
 },
 {
  "w": "monitor",
  "uk": "/ˈmɒnɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːnɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "监测；监督",
    "en": "To regularly check something for changes, progress, or problems."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "显示器；监测仪",
    "en": "A screen displaying information, or a device checking conditions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse monitored my temperature throughout the night.",
    "zh": "护士整晚都在监测我的体温。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should monitor air quality regularly to assess whether environmental policies are effectively reducing pollution.",
    "zh": "政府应定期监测空气质量，以评估环境政策是否有效减少了污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "monitor progress｜跟踪进展",
   "monitor air quality｜监测空气质量",
   "computer monitor｜电脑显示器",
   "heart monitor｜心脏监测仪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "monitoring (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词可直接接宾语：monitor changes监测变化。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "monitor"
 },
 {
  "w": "treadmill",
  "uk": "/ˈtredmɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈtredmɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "跑步机",
    "en": "An exercise machine with a moving surface for walking or running."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "单调繁重的工作",
    "en": "A tiring routine that seems endless and brings little satisfaction."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I walk on the treadmill when it rains outside.",
    "zh": "外面下雨时，我就在跑步机上走路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For some employees, the treadmill of daily work leaves little time for family life or personal interests.",
    "zh": "对一些员工来说，日复一日的繁重工作让他们几乎没有时间顾及家庭生活或个人兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "run on a treadmill｜在跑步机上跑步",
   "treadmill workout｜跑步机锻炼",
   "the treadmill of daily life｜日常生活的单调忙碌"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "在跑步机上用on a treadmill，不用in。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "treadmill"
 },
 {
  "w": "conserve",
  "uk": "/kənˈsɜːv/",
  "us": "/kənˈsɝːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "节约；避免浪费",
    "en": "Use resources carefully to avoid wasting them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "保护；保存",
    "en": "Protect something valuable from damage, loss, or destruction."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We collect rainwater to conserve water in the garden.",
    "zh": "我们收集雨水，以节约花园用水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should encourage efficient farming methods that conserve water without reducing the supply of affordable food.",
    "zh": "政府应鼓励高效的耕作方式，在节水的同时保障平价食品的供应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conserve energy｜节约能源",
   "conserve water｜节约用水",
   "conserve wildlife｜保护野生动物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conservation (n.)",
   "conservationist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "preserve",
   "protect"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "waste"
  ],
  "tip": "conserve强调节约或保护；reserve强调预留。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conserve"
 },
 {
  "w": "correspondent",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒrɪˈspɒndənt/",
  "us": "/ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "驻地记者；专题记者",
    "en": "A journalist reporting from a particular place or on a subject."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "通信者",
    "en": "A person who exchanges letters or messages with someone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The correspondent reported live from the crowded harbour.",
    "zh": "记者从拥挤的港口进行了现场报道。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A foreign correspondent needs cultural knowledge to explain international events accurately to audiences at home.",
    "zh": "驻外记者需要文化知识，才能向国内受众准确解释国际事件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "foreign correspondent｜驻外记者",
   "political correspondent｜政治记者",
   "special correspondent｜特派记者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "correspond (v.)",
   "correspondence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reporter",
   "journalist"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "记者义常指驻某地或负责某领域的记者。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "correspondent"
 },
 {
  "w": "widow",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪdəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪdoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "寡妇；丧偶的女性",
    "en": "a woman whose spouse has died and who has not remarried"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The widow next door invited us over for tea.",
    "zh": "住在隔壁的那位丧偶女士邀请我们去喝茶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A widow living alone may benefit from community programmes that offer companionship and practical support.",
    "zh": "独居的丧偶女性可能受益于提供陪伴和实际帮助的社区项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an elderly widow｜年长的寡妇",
   "a war widow｜战争遗孀",
   "a young widow｜年轻的寡妇"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "widower (n.)",
   "widowed (adj.)",
   "widowhood (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "widow指丧偶女性；丧偶男性用widower。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "widow"
 },
 {
  "w": "hilarious",
  "uk": "/hɪˈleəriəs/",
  "us": "/hɪˈleriəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极其好笑的",
    "en": "extremely funny and likely to make people laugh"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her hilarious story made everyone laugh throughout dinner.",
    "zh": "她那个特别好笑的故事让大家吃饭时笑个不停。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although hilarious advertisements can attract attention, humour does not always help consumers remember the product being promoted.",
    "zh": "虽然令人捧腹的广告能够吸引注意，但幽默并不总能帮助消费者记住所推销的产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hilarious story｜令人捧腹的故事",
   "hilarious comedy｜爆笑喜剧",
   "absolutely hilarious｜极其好笑的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hilariously (adv.)",
   "hilarity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "very funny",
   "side-splitting"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调“极其好笑”，不只是热闹或开心。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hilarious"
 },
 {
  "w": "itch",
  "uk": "/ɪtʃ/",
  "us": "/ɪtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发痒",
    "en": "to feel an uncomfortable sensation that makes you want to scratch"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "痒；痒感",
    "en": "an uncomfortable feeling on your skin that makes you scratch"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "渴望；迫不及待",
    "en": "to want very much to do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This woollen scarf makes my neck itch all day.",
    "zh": "这条羊毛围巾让我脖子整天发痒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some synthetic fabrics can cause sensitive skin to itch, making material choice important in clothing design.",
    "zh": "某些合成面料会使敏感皮肤发痒，因此服装设计中的面料选择很重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scratch an itch｜挠痒",
   "itch to do something｜渴望做某事",
   "itch for a chance｜渴望得到机会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "itchy (adj.)",
   "itchiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "itch是发痒，scratch是挠；渴望常用be itching to。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "itch"
 },
 {
  "w": "sponsorship",
  "uk": "/ˈspɒnsəʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈspɑːnsərʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赞助；资助",
    "en": "Financial support for an activity, often in exchange for publicity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our swimming club needs sponsorship to buy new equipment.",
    "zh": "我们的游泳俱乐部需要赞助来购买新器材。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Corporate sponsorship allows many cultural festivals to remain affordable, although it may influence their artistic choices.",
    "zh": "企业赞助让许多文化节保持亲民价格，但也可能影响其艺术选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "corporate sponsorship｜企业赞助",
   "secure sponsorship｜获得赞助",
   "sponsorship deal｜赞助协议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sponsor (n.)",
   "sponsor (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "funding",
   "backing"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "核心是提供资金等支持，并不等于主办活动。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sponsorship"
 },
 {
  "w": "elastic",
  "uk": "/ɪˈlæstɪk/",
  "us": "/ɪˈlæstɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有弹性的；可伸缩的",
    "en": "able to stretch and return to its original shape"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "松紧带；弹性材料",
    "en": "stretchy material used to hold clothing or objects in place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "灵活的；可变通的",
    "en": "able to change or adapt easily"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These elastic sleeves stretch easily over my thick gloves.",
    "zh": "这些有弹性的袖口很容易拉伸，套住我的厚手套。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Manufacturers use elastic materials in sports clothing to improve comfort and allow greater freedom of movement.",
    "zh": "制造商在运动服中使用弹性材料，以提高舒适度，让活动更加自如。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "elastic material｜弹性材料",
   "an elastic band｜橡皮筋",
   "elastic demand｜弹性需求"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "elasticity (n.)",
   "inelastic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stretchy",
   "flexible"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inelastic",
   "rigid"
  ],
  "tip": "作材料名词通常不可数；elastic band指橡皮筋。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elastic"
 },
 {
  "w": "lifeboat",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪfbəʊt/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪfboʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "救生艇；救生船",
    "en": "A boat used to rescue people in danger at sea."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The crew lowered the lifeboat carefully into the sea.",
    "zh": "船员小心地把救生艇放入海中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal communities rely on trained lifeboat crews to rescue swimmers and sailors during emergencies at sea.",
    "zh": "沿海社区依靠训练有素的救生艇船员，在海上紧急情况下营救游泳者和船员。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a lifeboat crew｜救生艇船员",
   "launch a lifeboat｜使救生艇下水",
   "a lifeboat station｜海上救生站"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lifeboat是救生艇；life jacket是救生衣。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lifeboat"
 },
 {
  "w": "mercy",
  "uk": "/ˈmɜːsi/",
  "us": "/ˈmɝːsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "怜悯；宽恕",
    "en": "Kindness shown by choosing not to punish or harm someone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The teacher showed mercy and accepted my late homework.",
    "zh": "老师宽容地收下了我迟交的作业。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A fair justice system should balance appropriate punishment with mercy towards people who genuinely seek to change.",
    "zh": "公平的司法制度应在适当惩罚与宽待真心寻求改变的人之间取得平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "show mercy｜表示宽恕",
   "beg for mercy｜乞求宽恕",
   "at the mercy of｜任由……摆布",
   "without mercy｜毫不留情地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "merciful (adj.)",
   "merciless (adj.)",
   "mercifully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "compassion",
   "leniency"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cruelty"
  ],
  "tip": "at the mercy of意为“任由……摆布”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mercy"
 },
 {
  "w": "restriction",
  "uk": "/rɪˈstrɪkʃən/",
  "us": "/rɪˈstrɪkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "限制；限制规定",
    "en": "a rule or condition that limits what is allowed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a parking restriction outside our building today.",
    "zh": "今天我们楼外有停车限制。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restrictions on private car use may encourage commuters to choose more sustainable forms of transport.",
    "zh": "限制私家车使用可能会鼓励通勤者选择更可持续的交通方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "impose restrictions｜实施限制",
   "lift restrictions｜解除限制",
   "restrictions on travel｜旅行限制",
   "age restriction｜年龄限制"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "restrict (v.)",
   "restricted (adj.)",
   "restrictive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "limitation",
   "constraint"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "对某事的限制用restriction on；具体规定常用复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "restriction"
 },
 {
  "w": "exclaim",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈskleɪm/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈskleɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "惊叫；大声说",
    "en": "to say something suddenly and loudly because of strong emotion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "“What a beautiful rainbow!” she exclaimed, pointing towards the hills.",
    "zh": "“多美的彩虹啊！”她指着群山惊叹道。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors often exclaim in surprise when museum displays reveal the impressive engineering skills of ancient societies.",
    "zh": "当博物馆展品展现古代社会令人赞叹的工程技艺时，参观者往往惊叹不已。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exclaim in surprise｜惊讶地叫道",
   "exclaim with delight｜高兴地叫道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exclamation (n.)",
   "exclamatory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cry out"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调因强烈情绪突然出声，常用于引述话语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exclaim"
 },
 {
  "w": "modified",
  "uk": "/ˈmɒdɪfaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːdəfaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "经修改的；经调整的",
    "en": "Changed partly to suit a purpose or improve how something works."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She rides a modified bicycle with an extra seat.",
    "zh": "她骑一辆加装了座椅的改装自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modified teaching materials can help students with different learning needs participate more fully in mainstream classroom activities.",
    "zh": "经过调整的教材可以帮助有不同学习需求的学生更充分地参与普通课堂活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "genetically modified crops｜转基因作物",
   "modified version｜修改版",
   "modified equipment｜改装设备",
   "slightly modified｜略作修改的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "modify (v.)",
   "modification (n.)",
   "modifiable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adapted",
   "altered",
   "adjusted"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unmodified",
   "unchanged"
  ],
  "tip": "强调经过改变，不一定表示质量有所提升。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "modified"
 },
 {
  "w": "clockwise",
  "uk": "/ˈklɒkwaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈklɑːkwaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "顺时针方向地",
    "en": "in the same direction as the hands of a clock"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "顺时针方向的",
    "en": "moving in the same direction as clock hands"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Turn the lid clockwise until the jar is sealed.",
    "zh": "顺时针拧盖子，直到罐子密封。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors move clockwise around the exhibition hall, allowing the museum to manage crowds and prevent congestion.",
    "zh": "参观者沿顺时针方向绕展厅行进，便于博物馆管理人流并防止拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "turn clockwise｜顺时针转动",
   "rotate clockwise｜顺时针旋转",
   "a clockwise direction｜顺时针方向"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "anticlockwise (adv.)",
   "counterclockwise (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "anticlockwise",
   "counterclockwise"
  ],
  "tip": "反义词英式常用anticlockwise，美式常用counterclockwise。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clockwise"
 },
 {
  "w": "practically",
  "uk": "/ˈpræktɪkli/",
  "us": "/ˈpræktɪkli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "几乎；差不多",
    "en": "Almost completely, or very nearly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "从实际角度；在实践中",
    "en": "In a way concerned with real situations rather than theory."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The fridge was practically empty when we got home.",
    "zh": "我们到家时，冰箱几乎空了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without reliable internet access, participating in online education is practically impossible for students in remote areas.",
    "zh": "没有可靠的互联网连接，偏远地区的学生几乎无法参与在线教育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "practically impossible｜几乎不可能",
   "practically everyone｜几乎所有人",
   "practically speaking｜从实际角度来说"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "practical (adj.)",
   "practicality (n.)",
   "impractical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "almost",
   "nearly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常表示“几乎”，并不总等于“实际地”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "practically"
 },
 {
  "w": "airliner",
  "uk": "/ˈeəlaɪnə/",
  "us": "/ˈerlaɪnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大型客机；民航客机",
    "en": "A large aircraft used to carry paying passengers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a huge airliner land in the rain.",
    "zh": "我们看着一架巨型客机在雨中降落。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern airliners can carry more passengers efficiently, although aviation remains a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions.",
    "zh": "现代客机能够高效运载更多乘客，但航空业仍是温室气体的重要排放源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a passenger airliner｜载客民航机",
   "a commercial airliner｜商用客机",
   "a jet airliner｜喷气式客机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "airline (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "passenger aircraft"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "airliner指客机；airline指航空公司，并非航班。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "airliner"
 },
 {
  "w": "fluid",
  "uk": "/ˈfluːɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈfluːɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "液体；流体",
    "en": "a substance that flows, such as a liquid or gas"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不固定的；易变的",
    "en": "likely to change rather than remain fixed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "流畅的；流动的",
    "en": "moving smoothly and continuously"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse reminded me to drink plenty of fluids.",
    "zh": "护士提醒我要多喝水等液体。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employment patterns are increasingly fluid, requiring workers to update their skills throughout their professional lives.",
    "zh": "就业模式日益多变，要求劳动者在整个职业生涯中不断更新技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "body fluids｜体液",
   "fluid intake｜液体摄入量",
   "a fluid situation｜不断变化的局势",
   "fluid movements｜流畅的动作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fluidity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "rigid"
  ],
  "tip": "日常语境多指液体；科学中的fluid也包括气体。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fluid"
 },
 {
  "w": "stab",
  "uk": "/stæb/",
  "us": "/stæb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刺；戳；刺伤",
    "en": "push a sharp object into something or someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "突发的刺痛或强烈情绪",
    "en": "a sudden sharp pain or strong feeling"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尝试",
    "en": "an attempt to do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She stabbed a potato with her fork to test it.",
    "zh": "她用叉子戳了戳土豆，看看熟了没有。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many graduates feel a stab of anxiety when considering their employment prospects in an uncertain economy.",
    "zh": "在经济形势不明朗时，许多毕业生想到自己的就业前景便会突然感到焦虑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stab at something｜朝某物戳去",
   "a stab of pain｜一阵刺痛",
   "have a stab at｜尝试做"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stabbing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "have a stab at doing表示尝试做某事，较口语化。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stab"
 },
 {
  "w": "autobiography",
  "uk": "/ˌɔːtəbaɪˈɒɡrəfi/",
  "us": "/ˌɔːtəbaɪˈɑːɡrəfi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自传",
    "en": "a book about someone's life written by that person"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother is writing her autobiography at the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "我祖母正在厨房桌旁写自传。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An autobiography offers insights into personal experience, although its account of historical events may be selective.",
    "zh": "自传有助于深入了解个人经历，但其中对历史事件的叙述可能有所取舍。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write an autobiography｜写自传",
   "publish an autobiography｜出版自传",
   "a bestselling autobiography｜畅销自传"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "autobiographical (adj.)",
   "autobiographer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "autobiography是本人写的自传；biography是传记。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "autobiography"
 },
 {
  "w": "moist",
  "uk": "/mɔɪst/",
  "us": "/mɔɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "微湿的；湿润的",
    "en": "Slightly wet, rather than dry or soaked."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep the soil moist until the first leaves appear.",
    "zh": "在第一批叶子长出之前，保持土壤湿润。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A layer of fallen leaves helps keep soil moist, reducing the need for frequent watering.",
    "zh": "一层落叶有助于保持土壤湿润，减少频繁浇水的需要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "moist soil｜湿润的土壤",
   "keep something moist｜使某物保持湿润",
   "moist cake｜松润的蛋糕"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "moisture (n.)",
   "moisten (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "damp"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dry"
  ],
  "tip": "moist常指适度湿润；damp常带潮湿、不舒服之意。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "moist"
 },
 {
  "w": "grasp",
  "uk": "/ɡrɑːsp/",
  "us": "/ɡræsp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "理解；领会",
    "en": "To understand something, especially a difficult idea."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抓牢；握紧",
    "en": "To take and hold something firmly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "理解；紧握",
    "en": "An understanding of something, or a firm hold."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I finally grasped the rules after watching one round.",
    "zh": "看完一轮后，我终于弄懂了规则。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students grasp complex scientific concepts more easily when teachers connect them to familiar everyday experiences.",
    "zh": "教师将复杂的科学概念与熟悉的日常经历联系起来时，学生更容易理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grasp a concept｜理解概念",
   "a firm grasp of｜对……的扎实理解",
   "grasp an opportunity｜抓住机会",
   "within reach or grasp｜力所能及"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "understand",
   "comprehend",
   "grip"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示理解时可作动词；名词常用a grasp of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grasp"
 },
 {
  "w": "spite",
  "uk": "/spaɪt/",
  "us": "/spaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恶意；怨恨",
    "en": "A desire to upset or hurt someone deliberately."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "故意使恼怒；刁难",
    "en": "To deliberately upset someone, often because you feel angry."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He hid his sister's favourite toy out of spite.",
    "zh": "他出于恶意，把妹妹最喜欢的玩具藏了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In spite of limited funding, the community centre continues to provide valuable support for local families.",
    "zh": "尽管资金有限，社区中心仍继续为当地家庭提供宝贵的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "out of spite｜出于恶意",
   "in spite of｜尽管",
   "pure spite｜纯粹的恶意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spiteful (adj.)",
   "spitefully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "malice"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "goodwill"
  ],
  "tip": "in spite of后接名词或动名词，不直接接句子。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spite"
 },
 {
  "w": "incentive",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈsentɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈsentɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "激励；诱因",
    "en": "something that encourages someone to act or work harder"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The free lunch gave us an incentive to stay.",
    "zh": "免费午餐让我们有了留下来的动力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments can offer financial incentives to encourage households to install solar panels and reduce energy consumption.",
    "zh": "政府可以提供经济激励，鼓励家庭安装太阳能板并减少能源消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "financial incentive｜经济激励",
   "provide an incentive｜提供动力",
   "incentive to work｜工作的动力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "incentivise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "motivation",
   "inducement"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disincentive"
  ],
  "tip": "常用 incentive to do sth，表示做某事的动力。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "incentive"
 },
 {
  "w": "voter",
  "uk": "/ˈvəʊtə/",
  "us": "/ˈvoʊtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "选民；投票人",
    "en": "Someone who votes or has the right to vote"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each voter placed a folded ballot into the sealed box.",
    "zh": "每位投票人都把折好的选票投入密封的票箱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear information about public policies enables each voter to make a more informed choice during elections.",
    "zh": "清晰的公共政策信息能让每位选民在选举中作出更明智的选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "registered voter｜登记选民",
   "eligible voter｜有投票资格的选民",
   "voter turnout｜选民投票率",
   "voter registration｜选民登记"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vote (v.)",
   "vote (n.)",
   "voting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "elector"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "voter指人，vote可指投票行为或一票。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "voter"
 },
 {
  "w": "ditch",
  "uk": "/dɪtʃ/",
  "us": "/dɪtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "沟；排水沟",
    "en": "A long narrow channel dug in the ground, often for drainage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抛弃；放弃",
    "en": "To get rid of someone or something no longer wanted."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Rainwater flowed through the ditch beside our vegetable garden.",
    "zh": "雨水流过我们菜园旁的排水沟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities should ditch outdated planning policies that encourage car dependence and invest instead in reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "城市应摒弃鼓励依赖汽车的过时规划政策，转而投资可靠的公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a drainage ditch｜排水沟",
   "dig a ditch｜挖沟",
   "ditch a plan｜放弃计划"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词表示抛弃或放弃时偏口语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ditch"
 },
 {
  "w": "rival",
  "uk": "/ˈraɪvəl/",
  "us": "/ˈraɪvəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "竞争对手",
    "en": "Someone competing with another for the same goal or advantage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "与…匹敌；比得上",
    "en": "Be as good or impressive as someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "竞争的；对立的",
    "en": "Competing for the same goal or advantage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She shook hands with her rival before the race.",
    "zh": "比赛前，她与竞争对手握了手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Smaller companies can rival larger firms by offering personalised services and responding quickly to customer needs.",
    "zh": "小公司可以通过提供个性化服务并迅速回应客户需求，与大企业相匹敌。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a major rival｜主要竞争对手",
   "a rival company｜竞争公司",
   "rival teams｜相互竞争的队伍",
   "rival someone in quality｜在质量上与某人匹敌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rivalry (n.)",
   "unrivalled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "competitor"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ally"
  ],
  "tip": "rival作动词直接接宾语，无需加with。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rival"
 },
 {
  "w": "rural",
  "uk": "/ˈrʊərəl/",
  "us": "/ˈrʊrəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "农村的；乡村的",
    "en": "Relating to the countryside rather than towns or cities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandparents live in a quiet rural village.",
    "zh": "我的祖父母住在一个安静的乡村。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable internet access can improve educational opportunities for children living in remote rural areas.",
    "zh": "稳定的互联网连接可以改善偏远农村地区儿童的教育机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rural areas｜农村地区",
   "rural communities｜乡村社区",
   "rural development｜农村发展",
   "rural population｜农村人口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rurally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "urban"
  ],
  "tip": "rural修饰乡村事物，urban修饰城市事物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rural"
 },
 {
  "w": "knowledgeable",
  "uk": "/ˈnɒlɪdʒəbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈnɑːlɪdʒəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "知识渊博的；很内行的",
    "en": "knowing a lot about a particular subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our knowledgeable guide explained how each garden plant grows.",
    "zh": "我们那位知识丰富的导游讲解了园中每种植物如何生长。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Knowledgeable teachers can help students evaluate online information rather than accept every claim they encounter.",
    "zh": "知识渊博的教师能帮助学生评估网络信息，而不是对看到的每种说法都照单全收。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "knowledgeable about｜对……很了解",
   "knowledgeable staff｜专业知识丰富的员工",
   "a knowledgeable guide｜知识丰富的导游"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "knowledge (n.)",
   "know (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "well-informed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ignorant"
  ],
  "tip": "常用 knowledgeable about 表示对某领域了解很多。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "knowledgeable"
 },
 {
  "w": "mansion",
  "uk": "/ˈmænʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈmænʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "豪宅；大宅邸",
    "en": "A very large, impressive house."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An enormous mansion stood behind the tall iron gates.",
    "zh": "高高的铁门后矗立着一座巨大的宅邸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The historic mansion has been converted into a museum to preserve the region's cultural heritage.",
    "zh": "这座历史悠久的宅邸已被改建为博物馆，以保护当地的文化遗产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a luxurious mansion｜豪华宅邸",
   "a historic mansion｜历史宅邸",
   "a sprawling mansion｜占地广阔的豪宅"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指大型豪宅，不是普通办公大厦。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mansion"
 },
 {
  "w": "pastry",
  "uk": "/ˈpeɪstri/",
  "us": "/ˈpeɪstri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "油酥面团；酥皮",
    "en": "Dough made with flour and fat for pies and similar foods."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酥皮糕点",
    "en": "A small baked food made from pastry, often with sweet filling."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Roll the pastry thinly before covering the apple filling.",
    "zh": "先把酥皮擀薄，再盖到苹果馅上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Culinary courses teach students to prepare pastry while developing practical skills for careers in hospitality.",
    "zh": "烹饪课程教授学生制作酥皮，同时培养酒店餐饮业所需的实用技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "puff pastry｜千层酥皮",
   "shortcrust pastry｜油酥派皮",
   "roll out pastry｜擀开酥皮面团",
   "a pastry chef｜糕点师"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指酥皮面团时不可数；指单个糕点时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pastry"
 },
 {
  "w": "short-term",
  "uk": "/ˌʃɔːt ˈtɜːm/",
  "us": "/ˌʃɔːrt ˈtɝːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "短期的",
    "en": "lasting or having effects for only a limited time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This short-term job will cover my summer expenses.",
    "zh": "这份短期工作能支付我暑假期间的开销。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Short-term solutions may reduce immediate pressure but fail to address the underlying causes of unemployment.",
    "zh": "短期措施或许能缓解眼前的压力，却无法解决失业的根本原因。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "short-term solution｜短期解决办法",
   "short-term contract｜短期合同",
   "short-term memory｜短时记忆"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "long-term"
  ],
  "tip": "作定语常用连字符；in the short term不加。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "short-term"
 },
 {
  "w": "copper",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒpə/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铜",
    "en": "a reddish-brown metal used for wires, pipes, and coins"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铜币",
    "en": "a coin made of copper or a similar metal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old kitchen sink has beautiful copper taps.",
    "zh": "这个旧厨房水槽装着漂亮的铜水龙头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Copper is widely used in electrical systems because it conducts electricity efficiently and can be recycled.",
    "zh": "铜广泛用于电气系统，因为它导电效率高，而且可以回收利用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "copper wire｜铜线",
   "copper pipe｜铜管",
   "copper mine｜铜矿"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示金属铜时不可数；表示铜币时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "copper"
 },
 {
  "w": "vein",
  "uk": "/veɪn/",
  "us": "/veɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "静脉",
    "en": "a blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "叶脉",
    "en": "a thin tube carrying water and nutrients through a leaf"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "矿脉",
    "en": "a narrow layer of mineral within rock"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A blue vein was visible beneath his wrist.",
    "zh": "他的手腕皮肤下可以看到一条蓝色静脉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular movement helps blood flow through the veins and may reduce health risks associated with prolonged sitting.",
    "zh": "经常活动有助于静脉血液流动，并可能降低久坐带来的健康风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "varicose veins｜静脉曲张",
   "leaf veins｜叶脉",
   "a vein of gold｜一条金矿脉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "venous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "vein指静脉；artery指动脉，二者不是反义词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vein"
 },
 {
  "w": "coral",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒrəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkɔːrəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "珊瑚；珊瑚虫",
    "en": "tiny sea animals, or the hard structures they build"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "珊瑚色的",
    "en": "having a pinkish-orange colour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Bright fish swam between branches of coral beneath us.",
    "zh": "色彩鲜艳的鱼在我们下方的珊瑚枝间游动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising ocean temperatures threaten coral reefs, which provide essential habitats for many marine species.",
    "zh": "海洋温度上升威胁着珊瑚礁，而珊瑚礁为许多海洋物种提供了重要栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "coral reef｜珊瑚礁",
   "coral bleaching｜珊瑚白化",
   "coral colony｜珊瑚群体",
   "coral restoration｜珊瑚修复"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指珊瑚材料通常不可数；指种类或群体时可用corals。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coral"
 },
 {
  "w": "detailed",
  "uk": "/ˈdiːteɪld/",
  "us": "/dɪˈteɪld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "详细的；详尽的",
    "en": "Including many facts or specific pieces of information."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She gave me detailed instructions for baking the cake.",
    "zh": "她详细地告诉了我这个蛋糕的烘焙步骤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Detailed research into commuting patterns can help cities design more efficient public transport systems.",
    "zh": "对通勤模式的详细研究可以帮助城市设计更高效的公共交通系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "detailed description｜详细描述",
   "detailed analysis｜详细分析",
   "detailed instructions｜详细说明"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "detail (n.)",
   "detail (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thorough",
   "comprehensive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "vague"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“详细地”用in detail，不用in detailed。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "detailed"
 },
 {
  "w": "executive",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzekjətɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzekjətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "高管；主管",
    "en": "a person with important management responsibilities in an organisation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "行政的；执行的",
    "en": "relating to managing an organisation or putting decisions into effect"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行政部门；执行机构",
    "en": "the part of a government or organisation that implements decisions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The executive joined our team for lunch today.",
    "zh": "那位高管今天和我们团队一起吃了午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Senior executives should consider employee wellbeing alongside financial performance when making decisions about company restructuring.",
    "zh": "高管在作出公司重组决策时，应同时考虑员工福祉和财务表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "senior executive｜高级管理人员",
   "chief executive｜首席执行官",
   "executive power｜行政权",
   "executive board｜执行委员会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "execute (v.)",
   "execution (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词可指高管；形容词常修饰power、board等。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "executive"
 },
 {
  "w": "domestic",
  "uk": "/dəˈmestɪk/",
  "us": "/dəˈmestɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "国内的",
    "en": "relating to activities within a particular country"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "家庭的；家务的",
    "en": "relating to the home, family, or household tasks"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "家养的；驯养的",
    "en": "kept by people rather than living in the wild"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took a domestic flight to the northern coast.",
    "zh": "我们乘坐国内航班去了北部海岸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in domestic food production can reduce a country's dependence on imports and strengthen its economy.",
    "zh": "投资国内粮食生产可以减少一国对进口的依赖，并增强其经济实力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "domestic market｜国内市场",
   "domestic flight｜国内航班",
   "domestic chores｜家务活",
   "domestic animals｜家养动物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "domestically (adv.)",
   "domesticate (v.)",
   "domestication (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "international",
   "wild"
  ],
  "tip": "与international相对指国内的；与wild相对指家养的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "domestic"
 },
 {
  "w": "comet",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "彗星",
    "en": "An icy object orbiting the sun, sometimes showing a bright tail"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a bright comet through my uncle's telescope.",
    "zh": "我们用叔叔的望远镜观看了一颗明亮的彗星。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying a comet can provide valuable evidence about the conditions in which our solar system formed.",
    "zh": "研究彗星可以提供有关太阳系形成时环境的重要证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a comet's tail｜彗星的尾巴",
   "a passing comet｜经过的彗星",
   "observe a comet｜观测彗星"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "comet是彗星；meteor是进入大气后发光的流星。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "comet"
 },
 {
  "w": "sacred",
  "uk": "/ˈseɪkrɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈseɪkrɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "神圣的；宗教的",
    "en": "Connected with religion and deserving deep respect"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不可侵犯的；极珍视的",
    "en": "Considered too important or valuable to change or harm"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Visitors remove their shoes before entering the sacred temple.",
    "zh": "游客进入这座神圣的寺庙前会脱鞋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourism can support local economies, but visitors must respect sacred places and religious customs.",
    "zh": "旅游业可以促进当地经济，但游客必须尊重圣地和宗教习俗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sacred site｜圣地",
   "sacred music｜宗教音乐",
   "hold something sacred｜视某物为神圣"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sacredness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "holy"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sacred可指宗教上的神圣，也指极珍视、不可侵犯。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sacred"
 },
 {
  "w": "darken",
  "uk": "/ˈdɑːkən/",
  "us": "/ˈdɑːrkən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变暗；使变黑",
    "en": "to become darker or make something darker"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "脸色变阴沉；使忧郁",
    "en": "to become or make someone look unhappy or angry"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy clouds darkened the sky before we reached home.",
    "zh": "我们还没到家，厚重的云层就让天空暗了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Thick smoke from industrial fires can darken the sky and reduce visibility across nearby residential areas.",
    "zh": "工业火灾产生的浓烟会使天空变暗，降低附近住宅区的能见度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "darken the sky｜使天空变暗",
   "darken a room｜使房间变暗",
   "someone's face darkens｜某人脸色阴沉下来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dark (adj.)",
   "darkness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dim"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "brighten",
   "lighten"
  ],
  "tip": "既可及物也可不及物：云使天变暗，天也可自行变暗。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "darken"
 },
 {
  "w": "tease",
  "uk": "/tiːz/",
  "us": "/tiːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "取笑；戏弄",
    "en": "Make jokes about someone, playfully or unkindly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爱逗弄别人的人",
    "en": "Someone who enjoys making jokes about other people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousins always tease me about my enormous backpack.",
    "zh": "表亲们总拿我的超大背包打趣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach children that teasing classmates about their appearance can seriously damage their confidence.",
    "zh": "学校应教导孩子，取笑同学的外貌可能严重损害他们的自信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tease someone about something｜拿某事取笑某人",
   "gently tease｜温和地打趣",
   "tease out｜梳理出；逐步弄清"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "teasing (n.)",
   "teasingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "make fun of",
   "mock"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用tease sb about sth；可亲昵，也可伤人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tease"
 },
 {
  "w": "ambassador",
  "uk": "/æmˈbæsədə/",
  "us": "/æmˈbæsədər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大使",
    "en": "A senior official representing their country in another country."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "代表；推广使者",
    "en": "Someone who publicly represents or promotes a group or cause."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The ambassador welcomed visitors to the embassy garden.",
    "zh": "大使在使馆花园迎接了来宾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An ambassador can strengthen international cooperation by encouraging educational exchanges and maintaining dialogue during periods of tension.",
    "zh": "大使可以通过鼓励教育交流并在紧张时期保持对话，来加强国际合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ambassador to｜驻……大使",
   "appoint an ambassador｜任命大使",
   "goodwill ambassador｜亲善大使"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ambassadorship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "envoy",
   "representative"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "驻某国大使用 ambassador to，不用 for。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ambassador"
 },
 {
  "w": "shorten",
  "uk": "/ˈʃɔːtən/",
  "us": "/ˈʃɔːrtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缩短；变短",
    "en": "To make or become shorter in length or duration."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you shorten these trousers before the wedding?",
    "zh": "你能在婚礼前把这条裤子改短吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved public transport could shorten commuting times and reduce dependence on private cars in cities.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通可以缩短通勤时间，减少城市居民对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shorten a journey｜缩短行程时间",
   "shorten a sentence｜精简句子",
   "shorten a skirt｜改短裙子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "short (adj.)",
   "shortness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reduce",
   "trim"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lengthen",
   "extend"
  ],
  "tip": "可及物也可不及物：shorten the days；days shorten。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shorten"
 },
 {
  "w": "herb",
  "uk": "/hɜːb/",
  "us": "/ɝːb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "香草；药草",
    "en": "A plant used to flavour food or make medicines."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She grows fresh herbs in pots beside the kitchen window.",
    "zh": "她在厨房窗边的花盆里种了新鲜香草。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing herbs at home can encourage healthier cooking and reduce the need for packaged seasonings.",
    "zh": "在家种植香草可以鼓励更健康的烹饪方式，并减少对包装调味料的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fresh herbs｜新鲜香草",
   "dried herbs｜干香草",
   "medicinal herbs｜药草",
   "herb garden｜香草园"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "herbal (adj.)",
   "herbalist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英音h发音，美音通常不发；对应a herb和an herb。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "herb"
 },
 {
  "w": "qualify",
  "uk": "/ˈkwɒlɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈkwɑːlɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "取得资格；使符合条件",
    "en": "To meet requirements, or make someone suitable for something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "取得专业资格",
    "en": "To complete the training needed for a profession."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "限定；使措辞更准确",
    "en": "To limit a statement so it is more accurate."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our team needs another win to qualify for the final.",
    "zh": "我们队还需要再赢一场才能进入决赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students from low-income households may qualify for financial support that covers tuition fees and essential living costs.",
    "zh": "低收入家庭的学生可能符合获得经济资助的条件，用以支付学费和基本生活开支。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "qualify for assistance｜符合援助条件",
   "qualify as a teacher｜取得教师资格",
   "qualify a statement｜限定说法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "qualification (n.)",
   "qualified (adj.)",
   "unqualified (adj.)",
   "disqualify (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "disqualify"
  ],
  "tip": "qualify for接机会或待遇；qualify as接职业。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "qualify"
 },
 {
  "w": "reptile",
  "uk": "/ˈreptaɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈreptaɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爬行动物",
    "en": "a cold-blooded animal with scaly skin, such as a snake"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The reptile lay perfectly still on a warm rock.",
    "zh": "那只爬行动物一动不动地趴在一块温热的岩石上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many reptile species depend on external heat sources to regulate their body temperature throughout the day.",
    "zh": "许多爬行动物物种依靠外部热源来调节全天的体温。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reptile species｜爬行动物物种",
   "reptile eggs｜爬行动物的卵",
   "reptile enclosure｜爬行动物饲养围栏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reptilian (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "蛇、蜥蜴、龟属爬行动物；青蛙不属此类。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reptile"
 },
 {
  "w": "congressman",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒŋɡresmən/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːŋɡrəsmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "国会议员；美国众议员",
    "en": "A male congress member, especially in the US House of Representatives."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The congressman listened as local residents described their transport problems.",
    "zh": "这位国会议员听当地居民讲述他们遇到的交通问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A congressman may propose legislation to improve public services, but securing support from other representatives is essential.",
    "zh": "国会议员可以提出改善公共服务的法案，但争取其他议员的支持至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "elect a congressman｜选举国会议员",
   "local congressman｜本选区国会议员",
   "former congressman｜前国会议员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "congress (n.)",
   "congressional (adj.)",
   "congresswoman (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美国语境通常指男性众议员；性别中性可用国会议员统称。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "congressman"
 },
 {
  "w": "wicked",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪkɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪkɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "邪恶的；缺德的",
    "en": "Morally very bad and deliberately harmful."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "淘气的；恶作剧的",
    "en": "Playfully naughty, often in an amusing way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The wicked queen locked every garden gate in the kingdom.",
    "zh": "邪恶的王后锁上了王国里所有花园的大门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional stories often contrast wicked characters with kind heroes to help children understand the consequences of moral choices.",
    "zh": "传统故事常将邪恶角色与善良主人公作对比，帮助儿童理解道德选择的后果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wicked act｜恶行",
   "a wicked grin｜淘气的咧嘴笑",
   "a wicked sense of humour｜爱捉弄人的幽默感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wickedly (adv.)",
   "wickedness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "evil",
   "immoral",
   "mischievous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "good",
   "virtuous"
  ],
  "tip": "通常比bad语气强；形容笑容时可指淘气而非邪恶。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wicked"
 },
 {
  "w": "downpour",
  "uk": "/ˈdaʊnpɔː/",
  "us": "/ˈdaʊnpɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "倾盆大雨；暴雨",
    "en": "a heavy fall of rain, often starting suddenly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sheltered in a doorway until the downpour finally stopped.",
    "zh": "我们躲在门口，直到倾盆大雨终于停了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A sudden downpour can overwhelm urban drainage systems, particularly where concrete surfaces prevent water from soaking into soil.",
    "zh": "突如其来的暴雨可能使城市排水系统不堪重负，尤其是在混凝土地面阻碍雨水渗入土壤的地方。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heavy downpour｜倾盆大雨",
   "sudden downpour｜突如其来的暴雨",
   "torrential downpour｜猛烈的暴雨"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "deluge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词：一场暴雨用a downpour。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "downpour"
 },
 {
  "w": "insult",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈsʌlt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈsʌlt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "侮辱；辱骂",
    "en": "Say or do something that treats someone with disrespect."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "侮辱；无礼的言行",
    "en": "A remark or action that shows disrespect and causes offence."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I never meant to insult you with that joke.",
    "zh": "我绝不是有意用那个笑话侮辱你。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public debates become less productive when participants insult their opponents instead of addressing the issues.",
    "zh": "当参与者不讨论问题而是侮辱对手时，公开辩论的成效就会降低。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a personal insult｜人身侮辱",
   "feel insulted｜感到受辱",
   "add insult to injury｜雪上加霜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "insulting (adj.)",
   "insulted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "offend"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "compliment"
  ],
  "tip": "动词重音在后；名词读/ˈɪnsʌlt/，重音在前。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "insult"
 },
 {
  "w": "generate",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒenəreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒenəreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "产生；引起",
    "en": "Cause something to exist or happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发电；产生能量",
    "en": "Produce electricity, heat, or another form of energy."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our weekend bake sale generated enough money for new books.",
    "zh": "我们周末的糕点义卖筹到了足够买新书的钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in renewable energy can generate employment while reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "投资可再生能源可以创造就业机会，同时减少对进口化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "generate electricity｜发电",
   "generate income｜创造收入",
   "generate interest｜引起兴趣",
   "generate ideas｜产生想法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "generation (n.)",
   "generator (n.)",
   "generative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "produce",
   "create"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，可接电力、收入、兴趣、想法等宾语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "generate"
 },
 {
  "w": "adequately",
  "uk": "/ˈædɪkwətli/",
  "us": "/ˈædɪkwətli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "充分地；足够好地",
    "en": "well enough or in sufficient amounts for a particular purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small heater adequately warms our entire bedroom.",
    "zh": "这台小暖气足以让我们整间卧室暖和起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools must be adequately funded to provide all children with equal opportunities to learn.",
    "zh": "学校必须获得充足的资金，才能为所有儿童提供平等的学习机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adequately funded｜资金充足的",
   "adequately prepared｜准备充分的",
   "adequately address｜充分处理"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adequate (adj.)",
   "adequacy (n.)",
   "inadequate (adj.)",
   "inadequately (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sufficiently",
   "satisfactorily"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inadequately",
   "insufficiently"
  ],
  "tip": "强调达到所需标准，不一定表示非常出色。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adequately"
 },
 {
  "w": "tame",
  "uk": "/teɪm/",
  "us": "/teɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "驯服的；不怕人的",
    "en": "Used to people and not wild or dangerous."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "驯服；控制",
    "en": "To train a wild animal or bring something under control."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "平淡乏味的",
    "en": "Not exciting, adventurous, or impressive."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tame rabbit ate directly from my hand.",
    "zh": "那只温顺的兔子直接吃我手里的食物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even tame animals require careful handling, especially when young children are learning to interact with them.",
    "zh": "即使是驯服的动物也需要谨慎对待，尤其是在幼儿学习与它们互动时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tame animals｜驯服的动物",
   "tame a horse｜驯服一匹马",
   "tame inflation｜抑制通货膨胀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tamer (n.)",
   "tameness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "docile",
   "domesticated"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "wild"
  ],
  "tip": "tame指不怕人或被驯服，不等于天生无害。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tame"
 },
 {
  "w": "assistance",
  "uk": "/əˈsɪstəns/",
  "us": "/əˈsɪstəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "帮助；援助",
    "en": "Help given to someone who needs it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please ask for assistance if your suitcase is too heavy.",
    "zh": "如果你的行李箱太重，请寻求帮助。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Financial assistance can enable students from disadvantaged backgrounds to complete their university education.",
    "zh": "经济援助可以帮助家境困难的学生完成大学学业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "provide assistance｜提供帮助",
   "financial assistance｜经济援助",
   "seek assistance｜寻求帮助",
   "with the assistance of｜在……的帮助下"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assist (v.)",
   "assistant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "help",
   "support",
   "aid"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；表示帮助时比help更正式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assistance"
 },
 {
  "w": "grease",
  "uk": "/ɡriːs/",
  "us": "/ɡriːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "油脂；润滑脂",
    "en": "thick oily material used for lubrication or produced during cooking"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……涂油脂",
    "en": "to spread oil or fat over a surface"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There was grease on my hands after fixing the bicycle.",
    "zh": "修完自行车后，我的手上沾满了油污。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restaurants should prevent cooking grease from entering drains because it can block pipes and increase maintenance costs.",
    "zh": "餐馆应防止烹饪油脂流入下水道，因为这会堵塞管道并增加维护费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cooking grease｜烹饪油脂",
   "remove grease｜去除油污",
   "grease a baking tin｜给烤模涂油"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "greasy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词读/ɡriːs/；动词也常读/ɡriːz/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grease"
 },
 {
  "w": "carousel",
  "uk": "/ˌkærəˈsel/",
  "us": "/ˌkærəˈsel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旋转木马",
    "en": "A rotating fairground ride with seats often shaped like horses."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行李传送带",
    "en": "A moving belt carrying luggage for passengers at an airport."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children waved as the carousel carried them round.",
    "zh": "孩子们坐着旋转木马转圈，一边挥手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear information near each baggage carousel can help arriving passengers navigate unfamiliar airports more efficiently.",
    "zh": "每条行李传送带附近的清晰信息能帮助抵达的旅客更高效地找到机场内的路线。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ride a carousel｜坐旋转木马",
   "baggage carousel｜行李传送带",
   "carousel horse｜旋转木马上的马"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "merry-go-round"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指旋转木马或行李传送带，不指喧闹酒会。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "carousel"
 },
 {
  "w": "qualified",
  "uk": "/ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈkwɑːlɪfaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有资格的；能胜任的",
    "en": "having the training, skills, or experience needed for something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有限度的；有保留的",
    "en": "not complete or unconditional; involving limits or reservations"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Only a qualified electrician should repair that damaged socket.",
    "zh": "只有具备资质的电工才应该修理那个损坏的插座。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should invest in teacher training to ensure that every school has enough qualified staff.",
    "zh": "政府应投入资金培训教师，确保每所学校都有足够的合格教职人员。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fully qualified｜完全具备资格的",
   "qualified to teach｜有资格任教",
   "qualified for the job｜能胜任这份工作",
   "qualified support｜有保留的支持"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "qualify (v.)",
   "qualification (n.)",
   "unqualified (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "competent",
   "certified"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unqualified"
  ],
  "tip": "qualified for＋名词；qualified to do表示有资格做。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "qualified"
 },
 {
  "w": "rank",
  "uk": "/ræŋk/",
  "us": "/ræŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "等级；军衔；地位",
    "en": "A position within an ordered system of importance or authority"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "排名；把……分等级",
    "en": "To place or be placed in order of quality or importance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一排；一列",
    "en": "A line of people or things arranged side by side"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After years of service, she reached the rank of captain.",
    "zh": "服役多年后，她晋升为上尉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International surveys often rank cities according to housing affordability, public transport, and the quality of healthcare.",
    "zh": "国际调查常根据住房可负担性、公共交通和医疗质量对城市进行排名。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hold the rank of｜拥有……军衔",
   "rank among the best｜跻身最优秀之列",
   "rank highly｜排名靠前",
   "in order of rank｜按等级顺序"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ranking (n.)",
   "ranked (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rank可作名词或动词；ranking常指排名或榜单。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rank"
 },
 {
  "w": "greatly",
  "uk": "/ˈɡreɪtli/",
  "us": "/ˈɡreɪtli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "大大地；非常",
    "en": "To a large degree or by a large amount."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your clear directions greatly helped us find the cottage.",
    "zh": "你清楚的指路说明帮了大忙，让我们找到了那间小屋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to affordable childcare can greatly improve parents' ability to remain in employment and pursue further education.",
    "zh": "获得负担得起的托育服务，可以大大提升父母继续工作和接受进一步教育的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "greatly improve｜大大改善",
   "greatly reduce｜大幅减少",
   "greatly appreciate｜十分感激",
   "vary greatly｜差异很大"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "great (adj.)",
   "greatness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "considerably",
   "significantly",
   "enormously"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "slightly"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰动词，如greatly improve；不说greatly good。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "greatly"
 },
 {
  "w": "dictate",
  "uk": "/dɪkˈteɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪkteɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "口述供记录",
    "en": "to say words aloud for someone or something to record"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "命令；强行规定",
    "en": "to tell someone what to do without allowing disagreement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "决定；支配",
    "en": "to determine how something happens or is done"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please dictate your message slowly while I write it down.",
    "zh": "请慢慢口述你的留言，我来记下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Financial pressures often dictate which courses universities offer, potentially limiting opportunities in less profitable subjects.",
    "zh": "财务压力往往决定大学开设哪些课程，可能限制收益较低学科的学习机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dictate a letter｜口述信件",
   "dictate terms｜强行规定条件",
   "dictate policy｜支配政策"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dictation (n.)",
   "dictator (n.)",
   "dictatorial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dictate是口述让别人写；“做听写”用take dictation。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dictate"
 },
 {
  "w": "combat",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmbæt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmbæt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抗击；遏制",
    "en": "to fight against something harmful"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "战斗；搏斗",
    "en": "fighting between opposing forces or individuals"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We opened the windows to combat the afternoon heat.",
    "zh": "我们打开窗户来抵御午后的炎热。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments can combat air pollution by improving public transport and enforcing stricter limits on industrial emissions.",
    "zh": "政府可以通过改善公共交通和加强工业排放限制的执行来治理空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "combat climate change｜应对气候变化",
   "combat poverty｜抗击贫困",
   "combat disease｜抗击疾病",
   "armed combat｜武装战斗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "combatant (n.)",
   "combative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fight",
   "counter"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词直接接问题或危害，不必加against。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "combat"
 },
 {
  "w": "reform",
  "uk": "/rɪˈfɔːm/",
  "us": "/rɪˈfɔːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "改革；改进",
    "en": "to improve a system by changing how it works"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "改革；改良措施",
    "en": "a change intended to improve a system or institution"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "改过自新；使改正",
    "en": "to improve your behaviour or help someone improve theirs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Parents want the school to reform its admissions process.",
    "zh": "家长们希望学校改革招生程序。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Healthcare reform should focus on reducing waiting times while ensuring equal access to essential services.",
    "zh": "医疗改革应着重缩短等候时间，同时确保人人都能平等获得基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reform the education system｜改革教育制度",
   "economic reform｜经济改革",
   "introduce reforms｜推行改革",
   "far-reaching reforms｜影响深远的改革"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reformer (n.)",
   "reformist (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "reform重在改进现有制度，不一定彻底推翻。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reform"
 },
 {
  "w": "prescription",
  "uk": "/prɪˈskrɪpʃən/",
  "us": "/prɪˈskrɪpʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "处方；处方药",
    "en": "A doctor's written order for medicine, or the medicine ordered"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "解决方案；对策",
    "en": "A suggested method for dealing with a problem"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "凭处方购买的",
    "en": "Available only with a doctor's written order"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor gave me a prescription for eye drops.",
    "zh": "医生给我开了眼药水的处方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Requiring a prescription for certain medicines can reduce misuse and protect public health.",
    "zh": "要求某些药物凭处方购买，可以减少滥用并保护公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write a prescription｜开处方",
   "fill a prescription｜按处方配药",
   "prescription medicine｜处方药",
   "a prescription for success｜成功之道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prescribe (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "处方用for引出药物；on prescription指凭处方。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prescription"
 },
 {
  "w": "ownership",
  "uk": "/ˈəʊnəʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊnərʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "所有权",
    "en": "The legal right to possess something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "责任担当",
    "en": "Responsibility for a task and commitment to its results."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She finally gained ownership of her small apartment.",
    "zh": "她终于获得了自己那套小公寓的所有权。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public ownership of essential services may help ensure equal access for people on lower incomes.",
    "zh": "基本公共服务实行公有制，或有助于保障低收入人群享有平等的使用机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "private ownership｜私人所有制",
   "transfer ownership｜转让所有权",
   "home ownership｜住房所有权",
   "take ownership of｜主动承担责任"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "own (v.)",
   "owner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；take ownership of也可指主动担责。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ownership"
 },
 {
  "w": "calculation",
  "uk": "/ˌkælkjʊˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计算；计算结果",
    "en": "the process or result of working something out using numbers"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "估计；权衡",
    "en": "a judgement about likely outcomes made after careful consideration"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My calculation showed we had enough money for dinner.",
    "zh": "我的计算表明，我们的钱够吃晚饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accurate calculation of energy costs helps households compare heating systems and make informed decisions about long-term investments.",
    "zh": "准确计算能源费用有助于家庭比较供暖系统，并对长期投资作出明智决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "perform a calculation｜进行计算",
   "accurate calculation｜准确计算",
   "calculation error｜计算错误",
   "by my calculations｜据我计算"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "calculate (v.)",
   "calculator (n.)",
   "calculated (adj.)",
   "incalculable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "computation",
   "reckoning"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一次具体计算可数；指计算过程时可不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "calculation"
 },
 {
  "w": "carriage",
  "uk": "/ˈkærɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈkærɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铁路客车厢",
    "en": "A railway vehicle in which passengers travel."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "马车",
    "en": "A wheeled vehicle pulled by horses, usually carrying people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "货物运输；运费",
    "en": "The transport of goods, or the charge for this."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found two empty seats in the last carriage.",
    "zh": "我们在最后一节车厢里找到了两个空座位。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Adding an extra carriage to each train could reduce overcrowding and improve the daily experience of commuters.",
    "zh": "给每列火车加挂一节车厢，可以缓解拥挤并改善通勤者的日常乘车体验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "railway carriage｜铁路客车厢",
   "horse-drawn carriage｜马车",
   "carriage costs｜运输费用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "carry (v.)",
   "carrier (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "火车车厢英式常用 carriage，美式常用 car。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "carriage"
 },
 {
  "w": "ecosystem",
  "uk": "/ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/",
  "us": "/ˈiːkoʊsɪstəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生态系统",
    "en": "Living things and their environment interacting as a connected system."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small pond supports a surprisingly rich ecosystem.",
    "zh": "这个小池塘维系着一个丰富得令人惊讶的生态系统。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Removing a single species can disrupt an entire ecosystem because organisms depend on one another for survival.",
    "zh": "移除一个物种可能扰乱整个生态系统，因为生物依赖彼此才能生存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "marine ecosystem｜海洋生态系统",
   "fragile ecosystem｜脆弱的生态系统",
   "protect ecosystems｜保护生态系统",
   "disrupt an ecosystem｜扰乱生态系统"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指生物与环境共同构成的系统，不只是生物群体。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ecosystem"
 },
 {
  "w": "declare",
  "uk": "/dɪˈkleə/",
  "us": "/dɪˈkler/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "宣布；声明",
    "en": "to announce something publicly or officially"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "申报",
    "en": "to officially report goods, income or other required information"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The judges declared her the winner of the competition.",
    "zh": "评委宣布她赢得了比赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities may declare a public holiday to encourage participation in an important community celebration.",
    "zh": "地方政府可能宣布放假一天，以鼓励民众参加重要的社区庆典。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "declare a winner｜宣布获胜者",
   "declare an emergency｜宣布进入紧急状态",
   "declare goods｜申报物品",
   "declare income｜申报收入"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "declaration (n.)",
   "declared (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "announce",
   "proclaim"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "declare强调公开或正式宣布；海关申报也用此词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "declare"
 },
 {
  "w": "vivid",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪvɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈvɪvɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "鲜艳的；明亮的",
    "en": "having strong, bright colours"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "清晰生动的",
    "en": "producing clear, detailed images in the mind"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her vivid orange scarf stood out against the snow.",
    "zh": "她鲜艳的橙色围巾在白雪映衬下格外显眼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Personal accounts provide vivid descriptions of historical events, helping students understand their human impact.",
    "zh": "亲历者的叙述生动地描绘了历史事件，帮助学生理解这些事件对人的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vivid colours｜鲜艳的色彩",
   "a vivid memory｜清晰的记忆",
   "a vivid description｜生动的描述",
   "a vivid imagination｜丰富的想象力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vividly (adv.)",
   "vividness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "dull"
  ],
  "tip": "可形容色彩鲜艳，也可形容记忆或描述清晰生动。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vivid"
 },
 {
  "w": "fraud",
  "uk": "/frɔːd/",
  "us": "/frɔːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "欺诈；诈骗",
    "en": "Dishonest behaviour intended to gain money or another advantage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "骗子；冒牌货",
    "en": "A person or thing pretending to be genuine."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bank called after spotting possible fraud on my account.",
    "zh": "银行发现我的账户可能涉及诈骗后打来了电话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stronger consumer protection laws can help prevent online fraud and increase public confidence in digital payments.",
    "zh": "更完善的消费者保护法律有助于防止网络诈骗，并增强公众对数字支付的信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commit fraud｜实施诈骗",
   "identity fraud｜身份冒用诈骗",
   "insurance fraud｜保险诈骗",
   "a complete fraud｜彻头彻尾的骗子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fraudulent (adj.)",
   "fraudulently (adv.)",
   "fraudster (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deception"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "欺诈行为通常不可数；指骗子时用a fraud。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fraud"
 },
 {
  "w": "faulty",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːlti/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːlti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有故障的；有缺陷的",
    "en": "not working correctly because something is wrong"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "错误的；有漏洞的",
    "en": "containing mistakes or based on incorrect reasoning"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The electrician replaced the faulty switch in our kitchen.",
    "zh": "电工更换了我们厨房里那个有故障的开关。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policies based on faulty assumptions may fail to address the underlying causes of urban poverty.",
    "zh": "基于错误假设的政策可能无法解决城市贫困的根本原因。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "faulty equipment｜有故障的设备",
   "faulty wiring｜有问题的电线线路",
   "faulty reasoning｜有漏洞的推理",
   "faulty assumptions｜错误的假设"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fault (n.)",
   "faultless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "defective",
   "flawed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "flawless"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容设备故障，也可形容推理有误。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "faulty"
 },
 {
  "w": "burrow",
  "uk": "/ˈbʌrəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈbɜːroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动物挖的地洞",
    "en": "A hole or tunnel dug by an animal for shelter"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挖洞；钻入",
    "en": "To dig a tunnel or push into something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A rabbit disappeared into its burrow beneath the hedge.",
    "zh": "一只兔子钻进树篱下的地洞，不见了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Animals that burrow underground can improve soil quality by allowing air and water to penetrate deeper layers.",
    "zh": "在地下挖洞的动物能让空气和水进入更深的土层，从而改善土壤质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a rabbit burrow｜兔子洞",
   "burrow into the ground｜钻入地下",
   "burrow under a blanket｜钻到毯子下面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "burrowing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "burrow指挖洞或地洞；别与borrow（借入）混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "burrow"
 },
 {
  "w": "protective",
  "uk": "/prəˈtektɪv/",
  "us": "/prəˈtektɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "防护的；保护性的",
    "en": "Intended to prevent injury, damage, or other harm"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "关切保护的",
    "en": "Wanting to keep someone safe from harm or trouble"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Wear protective gloves before handling those sharp metal pieces.",
    "zh": "拿那些锋利的金属片之前，要戴上防护手套。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should provide protective equipment and regular training to reduce injuries in dangerous workplaces.",
    "zh": "雇主应提供防护装备和定期培训，以减少危险工作场所中的伤害事故。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "protective clothing｜防护服",
   "protective equipment｜防护装备",
   "protective measures｜保护措施",
   "protective of someone｜关切保护某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "protect (v.)",
   "protection (n.)",
   "protectively (adv.)",
   "overprotective (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示关切保护某人，用be protective of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "protective"
 },
 {
  "w": "thickness",
  "uk": "/ˈθɪknəs/",
  "us": "/ˈθɪknəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "厚度",
    "en": "The distance between two opposite surfaces of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "浓稠度",
    "en": "The degree to which a liquid is thick."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Check the thickness of the wood before buying it.",
    "zh": "购买木材前先检查它的厚度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The thickness of insulation affects how much energy a building requires for heating during winter.",
    "zh": "保温层的厚度会影响建筑物冬季供暖所需的能源量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wall thickness｜墙体厚度",
   "a thickness of｜厚度为",
   "uniform thickness｜均匀的厚度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thick (adj.)",
   "thicken (v.)",
   "thickly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "thinness"
  ],
  "tip": "表示厚度时常用a thickness of＋具体尺寸。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thickness"
 },
 {
  "w": "data",
  "uk": "/ˈdeɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈdeɪtə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "数据；资料",
    "en": "facts or information collected for analysis or computer use"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My watch collects data about how far I walk.",
    "zh": "我的手表会收集有关我步行距离的数据。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable data allows policymakers to assess whether environmental regulations are reducing pollution in urban areas.",
    "zh": "可靠的数据能让政策制定者评估环境法规是否正在减少城市污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "collect data｜收集数据",
   "analyse data｜分析数据",
   "personal data｜个人数据",
   "data protection｜数据保护"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "日常常作不可数名词；学术语境也用复数谓语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "data"
 },
 {
  "w": "essentially",
  "uk": "/ɪˈsenʃəli/",
  "us": "/ɪˈsenʃəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "本质上；基本上",
    "en": "When considering the most important features or facts."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These two phones are essentially the same, apart from colour.",
    "zh": "这两部手机除了颜色不同，基本上是一样的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although teaching methods have changed, the purpose of education remains essentially the same across generations.",
    "zh": "尽管教学方法有所改变，教育的目的在不同世代之间仍基本一致。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "essentially the same｜基本相同",
   "essentially different｜本质上不同",
   "essentially a matter of｜本质上是……的问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "essential (adj.)",
   "essence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "basically",
   "fundamentally"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是副词，不是形容词；常用于概括核心事实。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "essentially"
 },
 {
  "w": "inspect",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈspekt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈspekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "仔细检查",
    "en": "To examine something carefully for faults or other details."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "视察；正式检查",
    "en": "To visit officially to check that required standards are met."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please inspect the bicycle's brakes before you ride it.",
    "zh": "骑自行车前，请仔细检查刹车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should inspect rental properties regularly to ensure that tenants have safe and healthy living conditions.",
    "zh": "地方政府应定期检查出租房屋，确保租客拥有安全、健康的居住条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inspect for damage｜检查有无损坏",
   "inspect the premises｜检查场所",
   "inspect thoroughly｜彻底检查"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inspection (n.)",
   "inspector (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "examine",
   "check"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接检查对象，不加at。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inspect"
 },
 {
  "w": "beverage",
  "uk": "/ˈbevərɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈbevərɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "饮料",
    "en": "A drink, such as tea, juice, or coffee."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Would you like a hot beverage with your sandwich?",
    "zh": "你想来杯热饮配三明治吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing the consumption of sugary beverages could help lower obesity rates among young people.",
    "zh": "减少含糖饮料的摄入可能有助于降低年轻人的肥胖率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hot beverage｜热饮",
   "alcoholic beverage｜酒精饮料",
   "sugary beverage｜含糖饮料",
   "food and beverages｜食品与饮料"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "drink"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "beverage较正式，多用于餐饮或学术语境；日常用drink。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beverage"
 },
 {
  "w": "verbal",
  "uk": "/ˈvɜːbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈvɝːbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "口头的；非书面的",
    "en": "spoken rather than written"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "言语的；与词语有关的",
    "en": "relating to words or the use of language"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We made a verbal agreement to share the garden.",
    "zh": "我们口头约定共用这个花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should confirm verbal agreements in writing to prevent misunderstandings about working hours and responsibilities.",
    "zh": "雇主应以书面形式确认口头协议，以防对工作时间和职责产生误解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a verbal agreement｜口头协议",
   "verbal communication｜言语交流",
   "verbal skills｜语言能力",
   "a verbal warning｜口头警告"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "verbally (adv.)",
   "verbalise (v.)",
   "non-verbal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "oral",
   "spoken"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "non-verbal"
  ],
  "tip": "verbal也指用词语表达，不总与written对立。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "verbal"
 },
 {
  "w": "finance",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪnæns/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪnæns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金融；资金管理",
    "en": "the management of money by people, businesses, or governments"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "资金",
    "en": "money needed to support an activity or project"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为…提供资金",
    "en": "to provide money for something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bank agreed to finance our new bakery.",
    "zh": "银行同意为我们的新面包店提供资金。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to affordable finance allows small businesses to invest in equipment and create more local jobs.",
    "zh": "获得成本可承受的资金使小企业能够投资设备并创造更多本地就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public finance｜公共财政",
   "raise finance｜筹集资金",
   "finance a project｜为项目提供资金",
   "personal finances｜个人财务状况"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "financial (adj.)",
   "financially (adv.)",
   "financing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "funding"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "finance可指资金或金融；个人财务常用finances。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "finance"
 },
 {
  "w": "destruction",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstrʌkʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstrʌkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "破坏；毁灭",
    "en": "Damage so severe that something no longer exists or works."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The storm left a trail of destruction along the coast.",
    "zh": "风暴沿海岸留下了一片破坏的痕迹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The destruction of natural habitats threatens biodiversity and reduces the resources available to local communities.",
    "zh": "自然栖息地的破坏威胁生物多样性，也减少了当地社区可利用的资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "habitat destruction｜栖息地破坏",
   "widespread destruction｜大范围破坏",
   "a trail of destruction｜沿途的破坏痕迹"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "destroy (v.)",
   "destructive (adj.)",
   "destructively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "devastation"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "creation"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；动词是destroy，不是destruct。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "destruction"
 },
 {
  "w": "emotion",
  "uk": "/ɪˈməʊʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪˈmoʊʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "情感；情绪",
    "en": "a strong feeling such as joy, fear, or sadness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her voice shook with emotion when she saw her brother.",
    "zh": "见到哥哥时，她激动得声音都颤抖了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching children to recognise and manage emotion can improve their relationships and support long-term mental health.",
    "zh": "教孩子识别和管理情绪，可以改善他们的人际关系，并促进长期心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "express emotion｜表达情感",
   "strong emotions｜强烈的情绪",
   "mixed emotions｜复杂的情绪",
   "control your emotions｜控制自己的情绪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "emotional (adj.)",
   "emotionally (adv.)",
   "emotionless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "feeling"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指情感时可不可数；具体的各种情绪常用emotions。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "emotion"
 },
 {
  "w": "evolution",
  "uk": "/ˌiːvəˈluːʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌevəˈluːʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "进化",
    "en": "Gradual changes in living things over many generations."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "演变；逐步发展",
    "en": "The gradual development of something over time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum uses bird skeletons to explain evolution.",
    "zh": "这家博物馆用鸟类骨骼来解释进化。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The evolution of digital technology has transformed how people communicate, study and access public services.",
    "zh": "数字技术的演变改变了人们交流、学习和获取公共服务的方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the theory of evolution｜进化论",
   "human evolution｜人类进化",
   "biological evolution｜生物进化",
   "the evolution of technology｜技术的演变"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "evolve (v.)",
   "evolutionary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "evolution指进化；进化论用the theory of evolution。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "evolution"
 },
 {
  "w": "supervise",
  "uk": "/ˈsuːpəvaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈsuːpərvaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "监督；指导；照看",
    "en": "watch and guide people to ensure work or activities go properly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An adult must supervise the children near the pool.",
    "zh": "孩子们在泳池附近时，必须有成人照看。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Experienced nurses should supervise new staff to ensure that patients receive safe and effective care.",
    "zh": "经验丰富的护士应指导新员工，确保患者获得安全有效的护理。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "supervise staff｜监督员工",
   "supervise children｜照看儿童",
   "supervise a project｜监管项目"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "supervision (n.)",
   "supervisor (n.)",
   "supervisory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "oversee"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接人或活动：supervise staff。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "supervise"
 },
 {
  "w": "grin",
  "uk": "/ɡrɪn/",
  "us": "/ɡrɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "咧嘴笑；露齿笑",
    "en": "To smile widely, usually showing your teeth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "咧嘴笑；露齿笑",
    "en": "A broad smile that usually shows the teeth."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She grinned when her puppy brought back the ball.",
    "zh": "小狗把球叼回来时，她咧嘴笑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A friendly grin from a teacher may help nervous students feel more comfortable participating in classroom discussions.",
    "zh": "老师一个友善的笑容，可能让紧张的学生更自在地参与课堂讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grin broadly｜咧嘴大笑",
   "a cheeky grin｜调皮的笑容",
   "grin at someone｜朝某人咧嘴笑"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "smile",
   "beam"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "frown"
  ],
  "tip": "grin比smile更强调咧嘴露齿；过去式为grinned。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grin"
 },
 {
  "w": "insert",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈsɜːt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈsɝːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "插入；放入",
    "en": "to put something into something else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "添加；插入内容",
    "en": "to add something within a document, recording, or piece of writing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "插页；插入物",
    "en": "something designed to be placed inside another thing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Insert the key gently, then turn it to the left.",
    "zh": "轻轻插入钥匙，然后向左转动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should insert relevant examples into their essays to support arguments about complex social issues.",
    "zh": "学生应在作文中加入相关例子，以支持关于复杂社会问题的论点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "insert into｜插入……中",
   "insert a card｜插卡",
   "insert an image｜插入图像"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "insertion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "remove"
  ],
  "tip": "动词重音在后，名词重音在前。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "insert"
 },
 {
  "w": "marketing",
  "uk": "/ˈmɑːkɪtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːrkɪtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "市场营销",
    "en": "activities that identify customers' needs and promote products or services"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister handles marketing for a small local bakery.",
    "zh": "我姐姐负责一家本地小面包店的营销工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective marketing helps small businesses reach new customers without necessarily spending large amounts on advertising.",
    "zh": "有效的营销能帮助小企业接触新客户，而不一定需要投入大量广告费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "marketing strategy｜营销策略",
   "digital marketing｜数字营销",
   "marketing campaign｜营销活动",
   "market research｜市场调研"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "market (n.)",
   "market (v.)",
   "marketer (n.)",
   "marketable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "marketing通常不可数，范围比advertising更广。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "marketing"
 },
 {
  "w": "resume",
  "uk": "/rɪˈzjuːm/",
  "us": "/rɪˈzuːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "重新开始；继续",
    "en": "To start again after stopping or being interrupted."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We will resume our walk when the rain stops.",
    "zh": "雨停后，我们会继续散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can resume normal teaching once damaged buildings have been repaired and essential safety checks are complete.",
    "zh": "受损建筑修复且必要的安全检查完成后，学校便可恢复正常教学。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "resume work｜恢复工作",
   "resume talks｜重启谈判",
   "resume normal service｜恢复正常服务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "resumption (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "restart",
   "continue"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "suspend",
   "stop"
  ],
  "tip": "后接名词或动名词；名词résumé意为简历。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resume"
 },
 {
  "w": "aluminum",
  "uk": "/əˈluːmɪnəm/",
  "us": "/əˈluːmɪnəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铝",
    "en": "A light, silvery metal used for cans, foil, and aircraft."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This aluminum ladder is light enough to carry alone.",
    "zh": "这把铝梯很轻，一个人就能搬动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recycling aluminum requires substantially less energy than producing new metal from ore, reducing the environmental impact of manufacturing.",
    "zh": "回收铝所需的能源远少于从矿石中提炼新铝，因此能减少制造业对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "aluminum foil｜铝箔",
   "aluminum cans｜铝罐",
   "aluminum alloy｜铝合金"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式拼写；英式通常写aluminium，读音也不同。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aluminum"
 },
 {
  "w": "teamwork",
  "uk": "/ˈtiːmwɜːk/",
  "us": "/ˈtiːmwɝːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "团队合作",
    "en": "People working together effectively to achieve a shared goal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Good teamwork helped us finish painting before lunch.",
    "zh": "良好的团队合作让我们在午饭前刷完了漆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Group projects can develop teamwork skills that students will need in their future careers.",
    "zh": "小组项目可以培养学生未来工作所需的团队合作能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "effective teamwork｜有效的团队合作",
   "teamwork skills｜团队合作技能",
   "encourage teamwork｜鼓励团队合作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "team (n.)",
   "teammate (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cooperation",
   "collaboration"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；强调团队成员共同协作。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "teamwork"
 },
 {
  "w": "static",
  "uk": "/ˈstætɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈstætɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "静止的；不变的",
    "en": "not moving, changing, or developing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "静电的",
    "en": "relating to electric charges that build up on surfaces"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "静电干扰；静电",
    "en": "electrical interference or an electric charge collected on a surface"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The television picture stayed static while the sound continued.",
    "zh": "电视画面停住不动了，但声音还在继续。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wages have remained static for several years, while housing costs have risen steadily in major cities.",
    "zh": "工资多年来一直没有变化，而大城市的住房成本却持续上涨。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remain static｜保持不变",
   "static electricity｜静电",
   "static image｜静态图像"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "statically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unchanging",
   "motionless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dynamic"
  ],
  "tip": "static强调不动或不变；静电用static electricity。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "static"
 },
 {
  "w": "oxygen",
  "uk": "/ˈɒksɪdʒən/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːksɪdʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "氧；氧气",
    "en": "A gas needed by most living things for life."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse gave him oxygen through a clear plastic mask.",
    "zh": "护士通过透明塑料面罩给他输氧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Pollution can reduce oxygen levels in rivers, making it difficult for fish and other aquatic organisms to survive.",
    "zh": "污染会降低河流中的含氧量，使鱼类和其他水生生物难以生存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "oxygen supply｜氧气供应",
   "oxygen levels｜含氧量",
   "lack of oxygen｜缺氧",
   "oxygen mask｜氧气面罩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "oxygenate (v.)",
   "oxygenation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "oxygen是不可数名词，不说an oxygen。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oxygen"
 },
 {
  "w": "trader",
  "uk": "/ˈtreɪdə/",
  "us": "/ˈtreɪdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "商人；交易员",
    "en": "Someone who buys and sells goods or financial assets."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A market trader arranged fresh oranges outside his stall.",
    "zh": "一位市场商贩在摊位外摆放新鲜橙子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small traders often struggle to compete with larger retailers that can negotiate lower prices from suppliers.",
    "zh": "小商贩往往难以与能向供应商争取更低价格的大型零售商竞争。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "market trader｜市场商贩",
   "currency trader｜外汇交易员",
   "independent trader｜独立商户",
   "stock trader｜股票交易员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trade (n.)",
   "trade (v.)",
   "trading (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "merchant",
   "dealer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指实物买卖者，也可指金融市场交易员。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trader"
 },
 {
  "w": "readily",
  "uk": "/ˈredɪli/",
  "us": "/ˈredɪli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "容易地；轻易地",
    "en": "Easily and without difficulty or delay."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "欣然地；乐意地",
    "en": "Willingly and without hesitation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister readily agreed to water the plants.",
    "zh": "姐姐欣然答应帮忙给植物浇水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable health information should be readily available to all citizens, regardless of their income or location.",
    "zh": "所有公民都应能方便地获取可靠的健康信息，不受收入或居住地点限制。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "readily available｜易于获取的",
   "readily accessible｜容易接触或使用的",
   "readily agree｜欣然同意",
   "readily admit｜坦然承认"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ready (adj.)",
   "readiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "easily",
   "willingly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reluctantly"
  ],
  "tip": "readily available指容易获得，不是“乐意提供”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "readily"
 },
 {
  "w": "legend",
  "uk": "/ˈledʒənd/",
  "us": "/ˈledʒənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "传说；传奇故事",
    "en": "an old popular story that may not be historically true"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "传奇人物",
    "en": "someone greatly admired for exceptional achievements"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "图例",
    "en": "a guide explaining the symbols used on a map or chart"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Grandma told us a legend about a sleeping dragon.",
    "zh": "奶奶给我们讲了一个关于沉睡巨龙的传说。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local legends can strengthen cultural identity while attracting visitors interested in the history of a region.",
    "zh": "地方传说既能增强文化认同，也能吸引对当地历史感兴趣的游客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "according to legend｜据传说",
   "local legend｜地方传说",
   "a living legend｜当世传奇人物",
   "map legend｜地图图例"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "legendary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "legend可能有历史原型，不等于已证实的历史。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "legend"
 },
 {
  "w": "circumstance",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːkəmstəns/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːkəmstæns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "情况；条件；环境",
    "en": "a fact or condition that affects a situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经济状况；境遇",
    "en": "the conditions of someone's life, especially their financial situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Under no circumstances should you leave the front door unlocked.",
    "zh": "无论什么情况下，你都不该让前门不上锁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should consider each student's personal circumstances when developing policies on attendance and access to learning resources.",
    "zh": "学校制定出勤和学习资源获取政策时，应考虑每位学生的个人情况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "under the circumstances｜在这种情况下",
   "personal circumstances｜个人情况",
   "unforeseen circumstances｜意外情况",
   "under no circumstances｜绝不"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "circumstantial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "condition",
   "situation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用复数；under no circumstances置句首须倒装。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "circumstance"
 },
 {
  "w": "random",
  "uk": "/ˈrændəm/",
  "us": "/ˈrændəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "随机的；无规律的",
    "en": "Chosen or happening without a fixed pattern or deliberate plan."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I opened the cookbook at a random page.",
    "zh": "我随手翻开了食谱中的一页。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers selected a random sample of households to assess public attitudes towards renewable energy.",
    "zh": "研究人员随机抽取了一些家庭，以评估公众对可再生能源的态度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "random sample｜随机样本",
   "random selection｜随机选择",
   "at random｜随机地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "randomly (adv)",
   "randomness (n)",
   "randomise (v)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "haphazard"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "systematic"
  ],
  "tip": "random是形容词；作状语用randomly或at random。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "random"
 },
 {
  "w": "pickle",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "腌菜；泡菜",
    "en": "A vegetable preserved in vinegar or salty water."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "腌制",
    "en": "To preserve food in vinegar or salty water."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She added a crunchy pickle to her sandwich.",
    "zh": "她在三明治里加了一根脆腌黄瓜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many communities pickle seasonal vegetables to extend their shelf life and reduce household food waste.",
    "zh": "许多社区的居民会腌制时令蔬菜，以延长保存期并减少家庭食物浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pickled vegetables｜腌制蔬菜",
   "a jar of pickles｜一罐腌菜",
   "in a pickle｜陷入困境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pickled (adj.)",
   "pickling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式英语中a pickle常指一根腌黄瓜。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pickle"
 },
 {
  "w": "willingly",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪlɪŋli/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪlɪŋli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "自愿地；乐意地",
    "en": "By choice and without needing to be forced or persuaded."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My neighbour willingly watered the plants while I was away.",
    "zh": "我不在家时，邻居欣然帮我给植物浇水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents are more likely to participate willingly in recycling schemes when collection services are convenient and reliable.",
    "zh": "当回收服务便利且可靠时，居民更可能自愿参与回收计划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "willingly agree｜欣然同意",
   "participate willingly｜自愿参与",
   "willingly accept｜欣然接受"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "willing (adj.)",
   "willingness (n.)",
   "unwilling (adj.)",
   "unwillingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "readily",
   "voluntarily"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unwillingly",
   "reluctantly"
  ],
  "tip": "强调自愿而非被迫；不等于单纯“开心地”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "willingly"
 },
 {
  "w": "gorilla",
  "uk": "/ɡəˈrɪlə/",
  "us": "/ɡəˈrɪlə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大猩猩",
    "en": "A large African ape with dark hair and powerful arms."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The young gorilla clung tightly to its mother's back.",
    "zh": "那只年幼的大猩猩紧紧趴在妈妈背上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting gorilla habitats also preserves tropical forests that support numerous other species and store carbon.",
    "zh": "保护大猩猩的栖息地，也能保存为众多其他物种提供生存空间并储存碳的热带森林。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a mountain gorilla｜山地大猩猩",
   "a silverback gorilla｜银背大猩猩",
   "gorilla conservation｜大猩猩保护"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gorilla是大猩猩；chimpanzee是黑猩猩。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gorilla"
 },
 {
  "w": "comprehensive",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːmprɪˈhensɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "全面的；详尽的",
    "en": "Covering all or nearly all important parts of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This comprehensive guide covers every trail in the park.",
    "zh": "这本详尽的指南涵盖了公园里的每条步道。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should provide comprehensive health education to help students make informed decisions about their lifestyles.",
    "zh": "学校应提供全面的健康教育，帮助学生对自己的生活方式作出明智决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "comprehensive guide｜详尽指南",
   "comprehensive review｜全面审查",
   "comprehensive assessment｜综合评估"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "comprehensively (adv.)",
   "comprehensiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thorough",
   "wide-ranging"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "partial",
   "limited"
  ],
  "tip": "强调涵盖范围全面，不是指容易理解。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "comprehensive"
 },
 {
  "w": "increasingly",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "越来越；日益",
    "en": "More and more as time passes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bus has become increasingly crowded since last month.",
    "zh": "从上个月起，这趟公交车变得越来越拥挤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As cities expand, governments are increasingly investing in public transport to reduce congestion and improve air quality.",
    "zh": "随着城市扩张，政府正加大公共交通投入，以缓解拥堵并改善空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "increasingly important｜日益重要",
   "increasingly common｜越来越普遍",
   "increasingly concerned｜越来越担忧",
   "increasingly difficult｜越来越困难"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "increase (v.)",
   "increase (n.)",
   "increasing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "progressively"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "decreasingly"
  ],
  "tip": "直接修饰原级形容词：increasingly popular。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "increasingly"
 },
 {
  "w": "drag",
  "uk": "/dræɡ/",
  "us": "/dræɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拖；拉",
    "en": "To pull something along a surface, often with effort."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缓慢进行；拖沓",
    "en": "To pass or progress so slowly that it feels boring."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阻力；拖累",
    "en": "A force or influence that slows movement or progress."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We dragged the heavy rug across the floor.",
    "zh": "我们拖着沉重的地毯穿过房间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Complicated approval procedures can drag on for months, delaying essential improvements to public transport.",
    "zh": "复杂的审批程序可能拖延数月，耽误公共交通的必要改善。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "drag a chair｜拖动椅子",
   "drag on｜拖延下去",
   "drag and drop｜拖放",
   "a drag on growth｜增长的拖累"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "pull"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "drag过去式为dragged；drag on指拖延下去。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drag"
 },
 {
  "w": "stale",
  "uk": "/steɪl/",
  "us": "/steɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不新鲜的",
    "en": "No longer fresh, especially when describing bread or air."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "陈旧乏味的",
    "en": "No longer interesting or original because of repeated use."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This bread is stale, so I'll use it for breadcrumbs.",
    "zh": "这面包不新鲜了，我就拿它做面包屑吧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching methods can become stale when educators lack opportunities to exchange ideas and develop new skills.",
    "zh": "如果教育工作者缺乏交流想法和培养新技能的机会，教学方法就可能变得陈旧乏味。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stale bread｜不新鲜的面包",
   "stale air｜污浊的空气",
   "stale jokes｜老掉牙的笑话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "staleness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "fresh"
  ],
  "tip": "stale指失去新鲜感；rotten指已腐烂。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stale"
 },
 {
  "w": "statistical",
  "uk": "/stəˈtɪstɪkəl/",
  "us": "/stəˈtɪstɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "统计的；统计学的",
    "en": "relating to collecting, studying, or interpreting numerical data"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She used statistical software to compare the survey results.",
    "zh": "她用统计软件比较了调查结果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable statistical evidence helps governments identify communities that need better access to healthcare.",
    "zh": "可靠的统计证据有助于政府确定哪些社区需要更便利的医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "statistical analysis｜统计分析",
   "statistical data｜统计数据",
   "statistical significance｜统计显著性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "statistics (n.)",
   "statistic (n.)",
   "statistically (adv.)",
   "statistician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "statistical指与统计有关，不等于“显著的”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "statistical"
 },
 {
  "w": "capable",
  "uk": "/ˈkeɪpəbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkeɪpəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有能力的；能…的",
    "en": "Having the ability or qualities needed to do something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "能干的；有才干的",
    "en": "Skilled and effective at handling tasks or responsibilities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This little printer is capable of producing excellent colour photos.",
    "zh": "这台小打印机能打印出色彩出众的照片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "With appropriate training and support, young employees are capable of taking on substantial responsibilities within an organisation.",
    "zh": "经过适当培训并获得支持，年轻员工有能力在组织内承担重要职责。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "capable of doing something｜有能力做某事",
   "highly capable｜非常能干的",
   "a capable leader｜能干的领导者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "capability (n)",
   "capably (adv)",
   "incapable (adj)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "able",
   "competent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "incapable",
   "incompetent"
  ],
  "tip": "用capable of doing，不用capable to do。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "capable"
 },
 {
  "w": "corresponding",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒrɪˈspɒndɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相应的；对应的",
    "en": "Matching or directly related to something else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Put each coloured lid on its corresponding container.",
    "zh": "把每个彩色盖子盖在对应的容器上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A rise in urban population often creates a corresponding increase in demand for public transport.",
    "zh": "城市人口增长往往会使公共交通需求相应增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "corresponding increase｜相应的增长",
   "corresponding period｜同期",
   "corresponding figures｜对应的数据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "correspond (v.)",
   "correspondence (n.)",
   "correspondingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "matching",
   "equivalent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调相互对应；correspond to表示与……相对应。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "corresponding"
 },
 {
  "w": "commentary",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒməntəri/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmənteri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实况解说",
    "en": "a spoken description of an event as it happens"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "评论；评述",
    "en": "an explanation or discussion expressing opinions about something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We listened to the football commentary while cooking dinner.",
    "zh": "我们一边做晚饭，一边听足球比赛的实况解说。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Political commentary can help citizens understand complex policies, but it should be clearly distinguished from factual reporting.",
    "zh": "政治评论可以帮助公民理解复杂政策，但应与事实报道明确区分。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "live commentary｜现场直播解说",
   "running commentary｜连续解说",
   "political commentary｜政治评论",
   "commentary on｜对……的评论"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "comment (n.)",
   "comment (v.)",
   "commentator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "commentary常指持续解说或深入评述，不只是单条评论。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commentary"
 },
 {
  "w": "eager",
  "uk": "/ˈiːɡə/",
  "us": "/ˈiːɡər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "渴望的；热切的",
    "en": "very interested and excited about doing or having something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children were eager to open their presents.",
    "zh": "孩子们迫不及待地想拆开礼物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many graduates are eager to gain practical experience before committing to a particular career path.",
    "zh": "许多毕业生渴望先积累实践经验，再决定具体的职业道路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "eager to learn｜渴望学习",
   "eager for success｜渴望成功",
   "eager anticipation｜热切期待"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eagerly (adv.)",
   "eagerness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "keen",
   "enthusiastic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reluctant"
  ],
  "tip": "常用eager to do或eager for＋名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eager"
 },
 {
  "w": "garment",
  "uk": "/ˈɡɑːmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈɡɑːrmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一件衣服；服装",
    "en": "a single item of clothing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This delicate garment needs to be washed by hand.",
    "zh": "这件质地娇贵的衣服需要手洗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving working conditions in the garment industry requires cooperation between manufacturers, retailers, and national governments.",
    "zh": "改善服装业的工作条件需要制造商、零售商和各国政府共同合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a woollen garment｜一件羊毛衣物",
   "the garment industry｜服装业",
   "garment workers｜制衣工人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，指一件衣服；clothing通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "garment"
 },
 {
  "w": "delicate",
  "uk": "/ˈdelɪkət/",
  "us": "/ˈdelɪkət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "易碎的；娇弱的",
    "en": "Easily damaged or harmed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "微妙的；需谨慎处理的",
    "en": "Requiring careful handling to avoid problems or offence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "精巧的；柔和的",
    "en": "Fine, subtle, or gentle in appearance, flavour, or smell."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please wrap these delicate glass bowls in soft paper.",
    "zh": "请用柔软的纸包好这些易碎的玻璃碗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourism in coastal regions must be carefully managed to protect delicate ecosystems from lasting damage.",
    "zh": "沿海地区的旅游业必须得到妥善管理，以保护脆弱的生态系统免遭长期破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "delicate balance｜微妙的平衡",
   "delicate fabric｜易损面料",
   "delicate flavour｜清淡的风味",
   "delicate negotiations｜需谨慎进行的谈判"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "delicately (adv.)",
   "delicacy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fragile"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "robust"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容易损物品，也可形容需谨慎处理的问题。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "delicate"
 },
 {
  "w": "hell",
  "uk": "/hel/",
  "us": "/hel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地狱",
    "en": "A place of punishment after death in some religious beliefs."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "极其痛苦的处境",
    "en": "An extremely unpleasant experience, situation, or place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old painting showed flames rising from hell.",
    "zh": "那幅旧画描绘了从地狱升起的火焰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For residents exposed to constant construction noise, daily life can become hell unless effective regulations are enforced.",
    "zh": "对持续受到施工噪声影响的居民来说，除非有效执行监管规定，否则日常生活可能变得极其痛苦。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go through hell｜经历极大痛苦",
   "make someone's life hell｜使某人的生活苦不堪言",
   "a living hell｜人间地狱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hellish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "heaven"
  ],
  "tip": "比喻义语气强烈；作咒骂或强调语时可能冒犯他人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hell"
 },
 {
  "w": "modernize",
  "uk": "/ˈmɒdənaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːdərnaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使现代化；实现现代化",
    "en": "To update something using newer methods, equipment, or designs."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We plan to modernize our kitchen with new appliances.",
    "zh": "我们打算添置新电器，让厨房更现代化。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should modernize railway infrastructure to improve reliability and reduce dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "政府应推动铁路基础设施现代化，提高运行可靠性并减少对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "modernize infrastructure｜推动基础设施现代化",
   "modernize the economy｜推动经济现代化",
   "modernize production｜实现生产现代化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "modern (adj.)",
   "modernization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "update",
   "upgrade"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语也常拼作modernise。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "modernize"
 },
 {
  "w": "declaration",
  "uk": "/ˌdekləˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdekləˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "声明；宣言；宣布",
    "en": "An official or public statement expressing a decision, belief, or intention."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "申报；申报单",
    "en": "An official statement of goods, income, or other required information."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her declaration that she would quit surprised the whole family.",
    "zh": "她宣布要辞职，让全家都吃了一惊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The government's declaration of a climate emergency should be followed by clear policies and measurable environmental targets.",
    "zh": "政府宣布进入气候紧急状态后，应制定明确的政策和可衡量的环境目标。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "joint declaration｜联合声明",
   "declaration of independence｜独立宣言",
   "customs declaration｜海关申报",
   "make a declaration｜作出声明"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "declare (v.)",
   "declarative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "statement",
   "announcement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "declare是动词；海关申报用customs declaration。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "declaration"
 },
 {
  "w": "diversity",
  "uk": "/daɪˈvɜːsəti/",
  "us": "/daɪˈvɜːrsəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "多样性；差异性",
    "en": "The presence of many different types of people or things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our garden attracts a surprising diversity of colourful birds.",
    "zh": "我们的花园吸引了种类多得惊人的彩色鸟儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cultural diversity can enrich urban life by introducing residents to different traditions, languages, and perspectives.",
    "zh": "文化多样性能让居民接触不同的传统、语言和观点，从而丰富城市生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cultural diversity｜文化多样性",
   "biological diversity｜生物多样性",
   "promote diversity｜促进多样性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "diverse (adj.)",
   "diversify (v.)",
   "diversification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "variety"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uniformity"
  ],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；a diversity of表示多种多样的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diversity"
 },
 {
  "w": "innovation",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "创新；革新",
    "en": "the introduction of new ideas, methods, or products"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新方法；新事物",
    "en": "a new idea, method, or product that improves something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our kitchen encourages innovation, so we often try unusual recipes.",
    "zh": "我们家的厨房鼓励创新，所以我们经常尝试新奇的食谱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public investment in research can encourage innovation and help businesses develop more sustainable production methods.",
    "zh": "公共科研投入可以鼓励创新，帮助企业开发更可持续的生产方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "technological innovation｜技术创新",
   "encourage innovation｜鼓励创新",
   "product innovation｜产品创新",
   "a major innovation｜一项重大创新"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "innovate (v.)",
   "innovative (adj.)",
   "innovator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示创新过程时不可数；表示具体新成果时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "innovation"
 },
 {
  "w": "bid",
  "uk": "/bɪd/",
  "us": "/bɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "出价；投标",
    "en": "To offer a price or compete formally for a contract."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "出价；投标",
    "en": "An offer of money or a proposal to do work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "努力；尝试争取",
    "en": "An attempt to achieve or obtain something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I bid twenty pounds for the old wooden chair.",
    "zh": "我出价二十英镑竞买那把旧木椅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Several local companies submitted a bid to build affordable housing near the city's main railway station.",
    "zh": "几家本地公司提交了投标书，争取在该市主要火车站附近建造经济适用住房。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bid for a contract｜投标争取合同",
   "submit a bid｜提交投标书",
   "the highest bid｜最高出价",
   "in a bid to｜为了争取"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bidder (n.)",
   "bidding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "offer",
   "attempt"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示出价时，过去式和过去分词均为bid。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bid"
 },
 {
  "w": "doubtful",
  "uk": "/ˈdaʊtfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈdaʊtfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不确定的；怀疑的",
    "en": "Feeling unsure whether something is true or will happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不大可能的；未必的",
    "en": "Unlikely to happen or be true."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可疑的；不可靠的",
    "en": "Not clearly good, honest, or reliable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was doubtful about buying a second-hand bicycle online.",
    "zh": "我对在网上买二手自行车有些犹豫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It is doubtful whether expanding roads alone can solve traffic congestion in rapidly growing cities.",
    "zh": "仅靠拓宽道路能否解决快速发展城市的交通拥堵问题，尚存疑问。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "doubtful about｜对……不确定",
   "doubtful whether｜是否……尚不确定",
   "of doubtful value｜价值存疑的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "doubt (n.)",
   "doubt (v.)",
   "doubtfully (adv.)",
   "doubtless (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "uncertain",
   "unsure",
   "questionable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "certain",
   "confident"
  ],
  "tip": "人作主语常用 doubtful about；也可用 doubtful whether。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "doubtful"
 },
 {
  "w": "distinguish",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "区分；辨别",
    "en": "to recognize the difference between people or things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "成为…的特征；使有别于",
    "en": "to make someone or something different from others"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "看清；听出",
    "en": "to see or hear something clearly enough to recognize it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I can distinguish the twins by their voices.",
    "zh": "我能通过声音分辨这对双胞胎。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should learn to distinguish reliable evidence from personal opinion when evaluating information online.",
    "zh": "学生在评估网络信息时，应学会区分可靠证据与个人观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "distinguish between｜区分两者",
   "distinguish A from B｜把A与B区分开",
   "distinguish yourself｜使自己出众"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "distinction (n.)",
   "distinctive (adj.)",
   "distinguishable (adj.)",
   "distinguished (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "differentiate",
   "tell apart"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "confuse"
  ],
  "tip": "常用distinguish A from B或between A and B。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "distinguish"
 },
 {
  "w": "Saturn",
  "uk": "/ˈsætən/",
  "us": "/ˈsætərn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "土星",
    "en": "the sixth planet from the Sun, surrounded by prominent rings"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We saw Saturn through a telescope last night.",
    "zh": "昨晚我们通过望远镜看到了土星。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying the rings of Saturn helps scientists understand how particles interact in space over time.",
    "zh": "研究土星环有助于科学家了解太空中的粒子如何随时间相互作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the rings of Saturn｜土星环",
   "Saturn's moons｜土星的卫星",
   "orbit Saturn｜绕土星运行"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "行星名称首字母大写，通常不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "saturn"
 },
 {
  "w": "medication",
  "uk": "/ˌmedɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌmedɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "药物；药物治疗",
    "en": "Medicine used to treat illness, or treatment using medicine."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She takes her medication with breakfast every morning.",
    "zh": "她每天早上吃早餐时服药。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable medication is essential for improving public health, particularly in communities with limited medical services.",
    "zh": "价格可负担的药物对于改善公共健康至关重要，尤其是在医疗服务有限的社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take medication｜服药",
   "prescribe medication｜开药",
   "be on medication｜正在接受药物治疗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "medicate (v.)",
   "medicated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "medicine"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指药物多不可数；具体多种药可用medications。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "medication"
 },
 {
  "w": "weed",
  "uk": "/wiːd/",
  "us": "/wiːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "杂草",
    "en": "A plant growing where it is not wanted."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "除草",
    "en": "To remove unwanted plants from an area."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A stubborn weed has grown between the paving stones.",
    "zh": "铺路石的缝隙间长出了一株顽强的杂草。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers can control weeds without chemicals by rotating crops and covering exposed soil with organic material.",
    "zh": "农民可以通过轮作和用有机材料覆盖裸露土壤，在不使用化学药剂的情况下控制杂草。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pull up weeds｜拔除杂草",
   "weed the garden｜给花园除草",
   "weed control｜杂草防治",
   "weed out｜剔除"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "weeding (n.)",
   "weedy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "weed out可比喻剔除不合适的人或事物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "weed"
 },
 {
  "w": "swallow",
  "uk": "/ˈswɒləʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈswɑːloʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吞下；咽下",
    "en": "make food or liquid pass from your mouth into your stomach"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "轻信；勉强接受",
    "en": "believe something too easily or accept something unpleasant"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "燕子",
    "en": "a small bird with pointed wings and a forked tail"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please swallow your food before you start talking again.",
    "zh": "请先把食物咽下去再说话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers should not simply swallow advertising claims without examining the evidence behind promises of better health.",
    "zh": "消费者不应不加审查就轻信广告中改善健康的承诺，而应考察背后的证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "swallow a tablet｜吞服药片",
   "swallow your pride｜放下自尊",
   "hard to swallow｜难以接受"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "swallow your pride指放下自尊，接受不情愿的事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "swallow"
 },
 {
  "w": "specifically",
  "uk": "/spəˈsɪfɪkli/",
  "us": "/spəˈsɪfɪkli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "专门地；特意地",
    "en": "for one particular purpose, person, or group"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "明确地",
    "en": "in a clear and exact way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "具体而言",
    "en": "used to introduce more precise details"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I bought this small brush specifically for cleaning bottles.",
    "zh": "我买这把小刷子是专门用来清洗瓶子的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries should offer programmes specifically designed to help older adults develop essential digital skills.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆应提供专为老年人设计的课程，帮助他们掌握必备的数字技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "specifically designed for｜专为……设计",
   "specifically mention｜明确提及",
   "more specifically｜更具体地说"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "specific (adj.)",
   "specify (v.)",
   "specification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "particularly",
   "expressly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "generally"
  ],
  "tip": "specifically for强调专门用途；更具体地说用more specifically。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "specifically"
 },
 {
  "w": "cuisine",
  "uk": "/kwɪˈziːn/",
  "us": "/kwɪˈziːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烹饪风格；菜系",
    "en": "A style of cooking associated with a place or culture."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This little restaurant serves delicious cuisine from southern India.",
    "zh": "这家小餐馆供应美味的印度南部菜肴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional cuisine can attract international tourists while helping local communities preserve their cultural identity.",
    "zh": "传统菜系既能吸引国际游客，也能帮助当地社区保留文化特色。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local cuisine｜当地菜肴",
   "traditional cuisine｜传统菜系",
   "international cuisine｜国际美食"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cuisine指菜系或烹饪风格，不指一道菜。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cuisine"
 },
 {
  "w": "butt",
  "uk": "/bʌt/",
  "us": "/bʌt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烟蒂",
    "en": "the short part left after a cigarette has been smoked"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "屁股",
    "en": "the part of the body that you sit on"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大桶；雨水桶",
    "en": "a large barrel used for storing water or other liquids"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He swept a cigarette butt off the front step.",
    "zh": "他把门前台阶上的一个烟蒂扫掉了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Discarded cigarette butts contribute to urban litter and can release harmful substances into rivers and coastal waters.",
    "zh": "随意丢弃的烟蒂增加了城市垃圾，还可能向河流和近岸水域释放有害物质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cigarette butt｜烟蒂",
   "water butt｜雨水桶",
   "the butt of a joke｜笑话的取笑对象"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指屁股时属非正式美语；water butt是英式雨水桶。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "butt"
 },
 {
  "w": "idol",
  "uk": "/ˈaɪdəl/",
  "us": "/ˈaɪdəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "偶像；崇拜对象",
    "en": "someone greatly admired and often imitated"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "神像",
    "en": "an image or object worshipped as a god"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Lina finally met her sporting idol after the match.",
    "zh": "莉娜终于在比赛结束后见到了自己的体育偶像。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Young people may adopt unhealthy habits when their idols promote unrealistic standards of physical appearance.",
    "zh": "当偶像宣扬不切实际的外貌标准时，年轻人可能养成不健康的习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sporting idol｜体育偶像",
   "a pop idol｜流行乐偶像",
   "worship an idol｜崇拜神像"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "idolise (v.)",
   "idolisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "idol是偶像；idle是空闲的，两词发音相同。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "idol"
 },
 {
  "w": "governor",
  "uk": "/ˈɡʌvənə/",
  "us": "/ˈɡʌvərnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "州长；总督",
    "en": "the official leader of a state or territory"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "机构主管；学校董事",
    "en": "someone who manages an institution or helps direct its policies"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The governor visited our town after the river flooded.",
    "zh": "河流泛滥后，州长来我们镇视察。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The governor proposed additional funding for public schools to reduce educational inequalities across the state.",
    "zh": "州长提议增加公立学校拨款，以缩小全州的教育差距。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "state governor｜州长",
   "school governor｜学校董事",
   "prison governor｜监狱长",
   "central bank governor｜中央银行行长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "govern (v.)",
   "government (n.)",
   "governance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "具体职位看搭配：school governor指学校董事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "governor"
 },
 {
  "w": "bead",
  "uk": "/biːd/",
  "us": "/biːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "有孔小珠；珠子",
    "en": "A small pierced ball used in jewellery or decoration."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小滴；水珠",
    "en": "A small round drop of liquid."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She threaded a blue bead onto the silver wire.",
    "zh": "她把一颗蓝色珠子穿到银色金属线上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional bead jewellery can provide income for local craftspeople while preserving skills passed down through generations.",
    "zh": "传统珠饰既能为当地手艺人带来收入，也能保留代代相传的技艺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "glass beads｜玻璃珠",
   "string beads｜把珠子串起来",
   "a bead of sweat｜一滴汗珠"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "beaded (adj.)",
   "beading (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "液滴义常用a bead of sweat，指一滴汗。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bead"
 },
 {
  "w": "spin",
  "uk": "/spɪn/",
  "us": "/spɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "旋转；使旋转",
    "en": "turn quickly around a central point"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "纺纱；吐丝",
    "en": "make thread from fibres or produce silk"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旋转；带倾向性的解读",
    "en": "a turning movement, or a deliberately favourable interpretation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The wheel kept spinning after I lifted the bicycle.",
    "zh": "我把自行车抬起来后，车轮还在转。"
   },
   {
    "en": "News organisations should examine official claims carefully rather than simply repeat the political spin surrounding them.",
    "zh": "新闻机构应仔细审视官方说法，而不是简单重复围绕这些说法的政治性包装。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spin round｜转圈",
   "spin wool｜纺羊毛",
   "political spin｜政治性包装",
   "go for a spin｜兜风"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spinner (n.)",
   "spinning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rotate",
   "revolve"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式、过去分词均为 spun；现在分词为 spinning。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spin"
 },
 {
  "w": "versus",
  "uk": "/ˈvɜːsəs/",
  "us": "/ˈvɝːsəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "对阵；与……相对",
    "en": "against an opponent, or compared with another option"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Tonight's match is our school versus the local college.",
    "zh": "今晚的比赛是我们学校对阵本地学院。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The debate over public versus private transport often centres on cost, convenience, and environmental impact.",
    "zh": "关于公共交通与私人交通的讨论往往围绕成本、便利性和环境影响展开。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public versus private｜公共与私人之比较",
   "the case of A versus B｜A诉B的案件",
   "the benefits versus the costs｜收益与成本之比较"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "against"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常缩写为vs或v，用于比赛、诉讼或两者比较。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "versus"
 },
 {
  "w": "antonym",
  "uk": "/ˈæntənɪm/",
  "us": "/ˈæntənɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "反义词",
    "en": "a word whose meaning is opposite to another word's"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher asked us for an antonym of generous.",
    "zh": "老师让我们说出一个generous的反义词。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning an antonym alongside each new adjective can help language students understand contrasts and expand their vocabulary.",
    "zh": "语言学习者每学一个新形容词时同时学习其反义词，有助于理解对比关系并扩大词汇量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an antonym of｜……的反义词",
   "a pair of antonyms｜一对反义词"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "antonymous (adj.)",
   "antonymy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "synonym"
  ],
  "tip": "常用an antonym of；synonym表示同义词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "antonym"
 },
 {
  "w": "noticeable",
  "uk": "/ˈnəʊtɪsəbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈnoʊtɪsəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "明显的；显著的",
    "en": "Easy to see or recognize."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a noticeable scratch on my new table.",
    "zh": "我的新桌子上有一道明显的划痕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The introduction of electric buses has led to a noticeable reduction in noise near busy roads.",
    "zh": "引入电动公交车后，繁忙道路附近的噪声明显减少了。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a noticeable difference｜明显的差异",
   "a noticeable improvement｜显著的改善",
   "a noticeable increase｜明显的增加"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "notice (v.)",
   "notice (n.)",
   "noticeably (adv.)",
   "unnoticeable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "obvious",
   "apparent",
   "perceptible"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unnoticeable",
   "imperceptible"
  ],
  "tip": "noticeable指容易察觉；notable侧重值得关注。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "noticeable"
 },
 {
  "w": "dependent",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpendənt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈpendənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "依赖的；依靠的",
    "en": "Needing someone or something for support or survival."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "取决于…的",
    "en": "Decided or affected by a particular condition or factor."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The young birds are still dependent on their parents.",
    "zh": "这些幼鸟仍然依赖亲鸟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rural communities are often dependent on reliable bus services for access to healthcare, employment, and further education.",
    "zh": "农村社区往往依靠可靠的公交服务来获得医疗、就业和继续教育的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dependent on｜依赖；取决于",
   "financially dependent｜经济上依赖的",
   "heavily dependent on｜严重依赖",
   "dependent children｜需抚养的子女"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "depend (v.)",
   "dependence (n.)",
   "dependency (n.)",
   "independent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reliant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "independent"
  ],
  "tip": "常接on；英式名词“受抚养者”通常拼作dependant。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dependent"
 },
 {
  "w": "humidity",
  "uk": "/hjuːˈmɪdəti/",
  "us": "/hjuːˈmɪdəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "空气湿度",
    "en": "The amount of water vapour in the air"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The high humidity made my shirt feel damp.",
    "zh": "空气湿度很高，我的衬衫摸起来潮潮的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High humidity can reduce comfort in classrooms, making effective ventilation particularly important during warmer months.",
    "zh": "高湿度会降低教室的舒适度，因此在较热的月份，有效通风尤为重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "high humidity｜高湿度",
   "relative humidity｜相对湿度",
   "humidity levels｜湿度水平",
   "low humidity｜低湿度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "humid (adj.)",
   "humidify (v.)",
   "humidifier (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；湿度高低用high或low。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "humidity"
 },
 {
  "w": "pillar",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪlə/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪlər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "柱子；支柱",
    "en": "A strong upright structure that supports part of a building."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "栋梁；核心支撑",
    "en": "A person or principle providing essential support."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sheltered from the rain behind a stone pillar.",
    "zh": "我们躲在一根石柱后面避雨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accessible education is a central pillar of social development because it expands opportunities across generations.",
    "zh": "普及教育是社会发展的核心支柱，因为它能为一代又一代人拓展机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a stone pillar｜石柱",
   "a central pillar of｜……的核心支柱",
   "a pillar of the community｜社区的中坚人物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "column",
   "support"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pillar of可比喻某体系的支柱或群体的中坚。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pillar"
 },
 {
  "w": "probability",
  "uk": "/ˌprɒbəˈbɪləti/",
  "us": "/ˌprɑːbəˈbɪləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可能性；概率",
    "en": "how likely something is to happen"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dark clouds suggest a high probability of rain tonight.",
    "zh": "乌云表明今晚下雨的可能性很大。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved weather models allow scientists to estimate the probability of extreme rainfall with greater accuracy.",
    "zh": "改进后的天气模型使科学家能够更准确地估算极端降雨的概率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "high probability｜很大的可能性",
   "probability of success｜成功的概率",
   "in all probability｜十有八九",
   "probability theory｜概率论"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "probable (adj.)",
   "probably (adv.)",
   "improbable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "likelihood",
   "chance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常接of加名词或动名词；也可接that从句。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "probability"
 },
 {
  "w": "halve",
  "uk": "/hɑːv/",
  "us": "/hæv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "减半",
    "en": "To reduce something to half its original amount."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把…分成两半",
    "en": "To divide something into two equal parts."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sharing a taxi would halve the cost for each person.",
    "zh": "两人合乘一辆出租车，每人的费用就能减半。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The city aims to halve household food waste by expanding composting services and promoting more careful shopping.",
    "zh": "该市计划通过扩大堆肥服务和提倡更审慎的购物，将家庭食物浪费减半。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "halve the cost｜将成本减半",
   "halve emissions｜将排放量减半",
   "halve a lemon｜把柠檬切成两半"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "half (n)",
   "halved (adj)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "double"
  ],
  "tip": "halve是动词，half可作名词；halve中的l不发音。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "halve"
 },
 {
  "w": "therapy",
  "uk": "/ˈθerəpi/",
  "us": "/ˈθerəpi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "治疗；疗法",
    "en": "Treatment intended to improve physical or mental health."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After her injury, regular therapy helped her walk comfortably again.",
    "zh": "受伤后，定期治疗帮助她重新自如地行走。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools that provide access to psychological therapy may better support students experiencing persistent anxiety.",
    "zh": "提供心理治疗服务的学校可能更好地支持长期感到焦虑的学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "speech therapy｜言语治疗",
   "physical therapy｜物理治疗",
   "undergo therapy｜接受治疗",
   "psychological therapy｜心理治疗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "therapist (n.)",
   "therapeutic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "treatment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指治疗通常不可数；具体疗法可用复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "therapy"
 },
 {
  "w": "sparrow",
  "uk": "/ˈspærəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈspæroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "麻雀",
    "en": "A small brownish bird often found near people's homes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A sparrow landed beside my cup on the balcony.",
    "zh": "一只麻雀落在阳台上我的杯子旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban gardens provide food and shelter for sparrows, helping maintain bird populations in densely populated areas.",
    "zh": "城市花园为麻雀提供食物和栖息处，有助于维持人口密集地区的鸟类数量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a flock of sparrows｜一群麻雀",
   "house sparrow｜家麻雀",
   "tree sparrow｜树麻雀"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，复数直接加s；不泛指所有小鸟。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sparrow"
 },
 {
  "w": "nursing",
  "uk": "/ˈnɜːsɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈnɜːrsɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "护理；护理职业",
    "en": "The work of caring for people who are ill or injured."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister chose nursing because she enjoys helping people.",
    "zh": "我姐姐选择了护理职业，因为她喜欢帮助别人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in nursing education is essential to meet the growing healthcare needs of an ageing population.",
    "zh": "投资护理教育对于满足老龄化人口日益增长的医疗需求至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nursing care｜护理服务",
   "a nursing home｜养老护理院",
   "nursing staff｜护理人员",
   "a nursing degree｜护理学学位"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nurse (n.)",
   "nurse (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nursing作护理专业或职业名时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nursing"
 },
 {
  "w": "persuasion",
  "uk": "/pəˈsweɪʒən/",
  "us": "/pɚˈsweɪʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "说服；劝说",
    "en": "The process of getting someone to agree or do something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "信仰；派别",
    "en": "A particular religious or political belief or group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After some persuasion, my brother joined our evening walk.",
    "zh": "经过一番劝说，我弟弟加入了我们的晚间散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns often rely on persuasion rather than legal restrictions to encourage healthier habits.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传活动往往依靠劝导而非法律限制来鼓励更健康的习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "powers of persuasion｜说服能力",
   "gentle persuasion｜温和的劝说",
   "political persuasion｜政治信仰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "persuade (v.)",
   "persuasive (adj.)",
   "persuasively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示劝说时通常不可数；动词是persuade。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "persuasion"
 },
 {
  "w": "mechanism",
  "uk": "/ˈmekənɪzəm/",
  "us": "/ˈmekənɪzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "机制；运作方式",
    "en": "a process or system through which something works or happens"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "机械装置；机械结构",
    "en": "a set of connected parts that performs a particular function"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The club needs a fair mechanism for resolving disputes.",
    "zh": "俱乐部需要一个公平的争议解决机制。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should establish effective monitoring mechanisms to ensure that environmental regulations are consistently enforced across industries.",
    "zh": "政府应建立有效的监督机制，确保各行业始终贯彻执行环境法规。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "coping mechanism｜应对机制",
   "defence mechanism｜防御机制",
   "monitoring mechanism｜监督机制",
   "locking mechanism｜锁定装置"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mechanistic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mechanism for doing表示“做某事的机制或办法”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mechanism"
 },
 {
  "w": "impact",
  "uk": "/ˈɪmpækt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪmpækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "影响；作用",
    "en": "a strong effect on someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "撞击；冲击",
    "en": "the force or action of one object hitting another"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "影响",
    "en": "to affect someone or something, often strongly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new playground had a positive impact on our neighbourhood.",
    "zh": "新游乐场给我们社区带来了积极影响。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should assess the environmental impact of major construction projects before allowing work to begin.",
    "zh": "政府应在批准开工之前评估大型建设项目对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have an impact on｜对……有影响",
   "environmental impact｜环境影响",
   "on impact｜在撞击时",
   "impact on communities｜影响社区"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "impactful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "effect",
   "influence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在前；动词通常读/ɪmˈpækt/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "impact"
 },
 {
  "w": "ongoing",
  "uk": "/ˈɒnɡəʊɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːnɡoʊɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "正在进行的；持续的",
    "en": "Continuing to happen or develop, rather than being finished."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The ongoing repairs mean we cannot use the kitchen.",
    "zh": "维修仍在进行，所以我们没法使用厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ongoing research into renewable energy is essential for reducing dependence on fossil fuels and limiting environmental damage.",
    "zh": "持续开展可再生能源研究，对减少化石燃料依赖和限制环境损害至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ongoing research｜持续进行的研究",
   "an ongoing process｜持续的过程",
   "ongoing support｜持续的支持",
   "an ongoing investigation｜正在进行的调查"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "continuing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "completed",
   "finished"
  ],
  "tip": "强调尚在持续，不等于即将发生的upcoming。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ongoing"
 },
 {
  "w": "blur",
  "uk": "/blɜː/",
  "us": "/blɝː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使模糊；变模糊",
    "en": "to make or become difficult to see or distinguish clearly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "模糊的影像；模糊的记忆",
    "en": "something that cannot be seen or remembered clearly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Tears blurred my vision as the train pulled away.",
    "zh": "火车驶离时，泪水模糊了我的视线。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Working from home can blur the boundary between professional responsibilities and personal life, increasing stress.",
    "zh": "居家办公可能模糊工作职责与个人生活之间的界限，增加压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blur the distinction｜模糊区别",
   "blur the boundaries｜模糊界限",
   "a blur of colour｜一片模糊的色彩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blurred (adj.)",
   "blurry (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指视线或界限模糊；不是“污点”的常用译法。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blur"
 },
 {
  "w": "philosopher",
  "uk": "/fɪˈlɒsəfə/",
  "us": "/fɪˈlɑːsəfər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "哲学家",
    "en": "Someone who studies fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, and values."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The philosopher asked us what makes a life meaningful.",
    "zh": "那位哲学家问我们，什么使人生有意义。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A philosopher might question whether economic growth should be the main measure of a society's progress.",
    "zh": "哲学家可能会质疑，经济增长是否应当成为衡量社会进步的主要标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "moral philosopher｜伦理哲学家",
   "political philosopher｜政治哲学家",
   "ancient philosopher｜古代哲学家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "philosophy (n.)",
   "philosophical (adj.)",
   "philosophically (adv.)",
   "philosophise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "philosopher指人，philosophy指哲学或理念。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "philosopher"
 },
 {
  "w": "whoever",
  "uk": "/huːˈevə/",
  "us": "/huːˈevər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "任何…的人；无论谁",
    "en": "any person who, or no matter which person"
   },
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "究竟是谁",
    "en": "used in questions to express surprise about someone's identity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Whoever finishes first can choose the next game.",
    "zh": "谁先完成，谁就可以选择下一个游戏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries should welcome whoever needs access to reliable information, regardless of their income or educational background.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆应欢迎任何需要获取可靠信息的人，不论其收入或教育背景如何。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "whoever you are｜无论你是谁",
   "whoever wants to｜任何想要…的人",
   "whoever is responsible｜任何负有责任的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "who (pron.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可引导名词性或让步从句；并非所有场合都能换成no matter who。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "whoever"
 },
 {
  "w": "authentic",
  "uk": "/ɔːˈθentɪk/",
  "us": "/ɔːˈθentɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "真正的；正宗的",
    "en": "Genuine or traditional, rather than copied or invented"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "真实可信的",
    "en": "Accurately representing real events, experiences, or conditions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small restaurant serves authentic dishes from the region.",
    "zh": "这家小餐馆供应这个地区的正宗菜肴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museums should preserve authentic objects while using digital tools to make local history more accessible.",
    "zh": "博物馆应保存真品，同时利用数字工具让公众更容易了解当地历史。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "authentic cuisine｜正宗菜肴",
   "authentic experience｜真实体验",
   "authentic account｜真实可信的叙述"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "authenticity (n.)",
   "authenticate (v.)",
   "authentically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "genuine",
   "real"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fake"
  ],
  "tip": "authentic强调真品或正宗，不只表示事实正确。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "authentic"
 },
 {
  "w": "perspective",
  "uk": "/pəˈspektɪv/",
  "us": "/pərˈspektɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "观点；视角",
    "en": "A particular way of considering a situation or issue."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "透视法",
    "en": "A drawing technique that makes objects appear realistically distant."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "客观判断力",
    "en": "The ability to judge the relative importance of things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Hearing her story gave me a completely different perspective.",
    "zh": "听了她的故事，我对事情有了完全不同的看法。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Examining urban development from residents' perspective can help planners create more inclusive and accessible public spaces.",
    "zh": "从居民的视角审视城市发展，有助于规划者打造更具包容性、更加便利的公共空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "from a different perspective｜从不同视角",
   "broaden your perspective｜拓宽视野",
   "put things into perspective｜客观看待事物",
   "a sense of perspective｜透视感；分寸感"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "viewpoint",
   "outlook"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "从某一视角用from a perspective，不用in。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "perspective"
 },
 {
  "w": "irritate",
  "uk": "/ˈɪrɪteɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪrɪteɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使烦躁；惹恼",
    "en": "To make someone feel annoyed or impatient."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刺激；使不适",
    "en": "To make skin or another body part sore or uncomfortable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The constant dripping from the tap really irritates me.",
    "zh": "水龙头不停滴水，真让我烦躁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some household cleaning products contain chemicals that can irritate the skin and cause breathing difficulties.",
    "zh": "某些家用清洁产品含有会刺激皮肤并导致呼吸困难的化学物质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "irritate the skin｜刺激皮肤",
   "irritate the eyes｜刺激眼睛",
   "really irritate someone｜着实惹恼某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "irritation (n.)",
   "irritating (adj.)",
   "irritated (adj.)",
   "irritant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "annoy",
   "bother"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "soothe"
  ],
  "tip": "irritated形容人感到烦躁；irritating形容事物烦人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "irritate"
 },
 {
  "w": "vacuum",
  "uk": "/ˈvækjuːm/",
  "us": "/ˈvækjuːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "真空；空缺",
    "en": "A space without air, or a gap left by something missing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "真空吸尘器",
    "en": "An electric machine that sucks up dust and dirt."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用吸尘器清扫",
    "en": "To clean something using a vacuum cleaner."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I vacuum the carpet while my brother dusts the shelves.",
    "zh": "我用吸尘器清扫地毯，弟弟则擦去架子上的灰尘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sound cannot travel through a vacuum because it needs a medium such as air or water.",
    "zh": "声音无法在真空中传播，因为它需要空气或水等介质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vacuum cleaner｜真空吸尘器",
   "a political vacuum｜政治真空",
   "vacuum the carpet｜用吸尘器清扫地毯"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示清扫时可直接作动词：vacuum the floor。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vacuum"
 },
 {
  "w": "concerned",
  "uk": "/kənˈsɜːnd/",
  "us": "/kənˈsɝːnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "担心的；忧虑的",
    "en": "Worried about someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有关的；涉及的",
    "en": "Involved in or affected by a particular matter."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "关注的；以…为内容的",
    "en": "Interested in or dealing with a particular subject."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was concerned when you missed the last bus.",
    "zh": "你没赶上末班公交车时，我很担心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents are increasingly concerned about air pollution and want local authorities to improve public transport.",
    "zh": "居民越来越担心空气污染，希望地方政府改善公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "concerned about｜担心",
   "the people concerned｜相关人员",
   "concerned with｜涉及；关注",
   "as far as I am concerned｜就我而言"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "concern (n.)",
   "concern (v.)",
   "concerning (prep.)",
   "unconcerned (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "worried",
   "anxious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unconcerned"
  ],
  "tip": "about常接担忧对象；with常接涉及的主题。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "concerned"
 },
 {
  "w": "sincerely",
  "uk": "/sɪnˈsɪəli/",
  "us": "/sɪnˈsɪrli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "真诚地；由衷地",
    "en": "In a way that expresses what you genuinely feel."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I sincerely hope you feel better very soon.",
    "zh": "我由衷地希望你很快好起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Organisations should listen sincerely to residents' concerns before introducing changes that affect the local community.",
    "zh": "机构在推行影响当地社区的变革之前，应真诚倾听居民的关切。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sincerely hope｜由衷希望",
   "sincerely apologise｜真诚道歉",
   "sincerely believe｜真心相信",
   "Yours sincerely｜谨上"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sincere (adj.)",
   "sincerity (n.)",
   "insincere (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "genuinely",
   "earnestly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "insincerely"
  ],
  "tip": "英式书信称呼已知姓名者，结尾常用Yours sincerely。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sincerely"
 },
 {
  "w": "scope",
  "uk": "/skəʊp/",
  "us": "/skoʊp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "范围；涉及面",
    "en": "The range of subjects or activities that something covers."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "机会；发挥余地",
    "en": "The opportunity or freedom to do or develop something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Kitchen repairs fall outside the scope of this job.",
    "zh": "厨房维修不属于这项工作的范围。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The scope of the study was limited to urban schools, so its findings may not apply to rural communities.",
    "zh": "该研究仅涉及城市学校，因此其结论未必适用于农村社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scope of the study｜研究范围",
   "beyond the scope of｜超出……的范围",
   "scope for improvement｜改进空间",
   "broaden the scope｜扩大范围"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "range",
   "extent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "范围用scope of；做某事的余地用scope for。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scope"
 },
 {
  "w": "physicist",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪzɪsɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪzɪsɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "物理学家",
    "en": "A scientist who studies matter, energy, and their interactions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A physicist showed our class how magnets work.",
    "zh": "一位物理学家向我们班演示了磁铁的工作原理。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Physicists contribute to medical progress by developing imaging technologies that help doctors examine the human body.",
    "zh": "物理学家通过开发帮助医生检查人体的成像技术，推动医学进步。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "theoretical physicist｜理论物理学家",
   "nuclear physicist｜核物理学家",
   "experimental physicist｜实验物理学家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "physics (n.)",
   "physical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "physicist是物理学家；physician是医生。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "physicist"
 },
 {
  "w": "spectator",
  "uk": "/spekˈteɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈspekteɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "观众；旁观者",
    "en": "Someone who watches an event, especially a sporting event."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A spectator caught the ball near the fence.",
    "zh": "一名观众在围栏附近接住了球。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Major sporting events attract thousands of spectators and can generate substantial income for local businesses.",
    "zh": "大型体育赛事吸引成千上万的观众，并能为当地商家带来可观收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spectator sport｜观赏性体育运动",
   "spectator safety｜观众安全",
   "attract spectators｜吸引观众"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spectate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "onlooker",
   "viewer"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "participant"
  ],
  "tip": "常指体育赛事现场观众；演出观众多用audience。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spectator"
 },
 {
  "w": "sponsor",
  "uk": "/ˈspɒnsə/",
  "us": "/ˈspɑːnsər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赞助者；赞助机构",
    "en": "A person or organisation providing support, often in return for publicity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赞助；资助",
    "en": "To support a person, event, or activity financially."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our swimming club needs a sponsor for new equipment.",
    "zh": "我们的游泳俱乐部需要赞助者资助购置新器材。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local businesses can sponsor community sports programmes to improve public health and strengthen relationships with residents.",
    "zh": "当地企业可以赞助社区体育项目，以改善公众健康并加强与居民的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a corporate sponsor｜企业赞助商",
   "the main sponsor｜主要赞助方",
   "sponsor an event｜赞助活动",
   "sponsor a team｜赞助队伍"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sponsorship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "backer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sponsor可作名词或动词；赞助行为用sponsorship。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sponsor"
 },
 {
  "w": "prejudice",
  "uk": "/ˈpredʒədɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈpredʒədɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "偏见；成见",
    "en": "An unfair opinion formed without enough knowledge or experience."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使有偏见；损害",
    "en": "To unfairly influence someone's judgement or harm their chances."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her neighbours welcomed her warmly, without any prejudice.",
    "zh": "邻居们热情地欢迎她，没有任何偏见。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can challenge prejudice by encouraging students to learn about cultures different from their own.",
    "zh": "学校可以鼓励学生了解不同于自身的文化，从而消除偏见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "racial prejudice｜种族偏见",
   "prejudice against｜对……的偏见",
   "challenge prejudice｜质疑并反对偏见",
   "prejudice someone's chances｜损害某人的机会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prejudiced (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bias"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示对某群体的偏见，常用prejudice against。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prejudice"
 },
 {
  "w": "disgraceful",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈɡreɪsfəl/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈɡreɪsfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可耻的；丢脸的",
    "en": "So bad or unacceptable that it deserves strong disapproval."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leaving rubbish all over this beautiful park is disgraceful.",
    "zh": "在这么美的公园里到处乱扔垃圾，真是可耻。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The report exposed disgraceful working conditions and called for stronger protection of employees across the industry.",
    "zh": "报告揭露了恶劣得令人不齿的工作条件，并呼吁加强对全行业雇员的保护。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disgraceful behaviour｜可耻的行为",
   "disgraceful treatment｜令人愤慨的对待",
   "absolutely disgraceful｜极其可耻"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disgrace (n.)",
   "disgrace (v.)",
   "disgracefully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shameful",
   "outrageous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "admirable"
  ],
  "tip": "表示强烈谴责；“名誉扫地的”常用disgraced。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disgraceful"
 },
 {
  "w": "tragic",
  "uk": "/ˈtrædʒɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈtrædʒɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "悲惨的；令人悲痛的",
    "en": "Causing deep sadness, especially through death or serious suffering."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "悲剧的",
    "en": "Relating to a serious play or story with an unhappy ending."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The film tells a tragic story of lost friendship.",
    "zh": "这部电影讲述了一个关于友谊破裂的悲伤故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tragic accidents on busy roads highlight the need for safer crossings and stricter enforcement of speed limits.",
    "zh": "繁忙道路上的惨痛事故凸显了设置更安全的过街设施及严格执行限速规定的必要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tragic accident｜惨痛的事故",
   "a tragic loss｜令人悲痛的损失",
   "a tragic ending｜悲剧结局",
   "a tragic hero｜悲剧主角"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tragedy (n.)",
   "tragically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "heartbreaking",
   "disastrous"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比sad程度更重，常涉及死亡或严重不幸。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tragic"
 },
 {
  "w": "drawback",
  "uk": "/ˈdrɔːbæk/",
  "us": "/ˈdrɔːbæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缺点；不利因素",
    "en": "A disadvantage that makes something less useful or attractive"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The flat's only drawback is its tiny kitchen.",
    "zh": "这套公寓唯一的缺点是厨房太小。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A major drawback of working remotely is the reduced opportunity for informal communication with colleagues.",
    "zh": "远程办公的一大弊端是与同事非正式交流的机会减少了。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a major drawback｜主要缺点",
   "the main drawback｜最大的弊端",
   "a drawback of｜……的缺点"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "disadvantage",
   "downside"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "advantage",
   "benefit"
  ],
  "tip": "可数名词，常用a drawback of加名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drawback"
 },
 {
  "w": "specialize",
  "uk": "/ˈspeʃəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈspeʃəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "专门从事；专攻",
    "en": "to focus on a particular subject, activity, or service"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery near our house specializes in fresh sourdough bread.",
    "zh": "我们家附近的面包店专做新鲜的酸面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who specialize too early may miss opportunities to develop knowledge across a broader range of subjects.",
    "zh": "过早确定专业方向的学生可能错过拓宽学科知识的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "specialize in medicine｜专攻医学",
   "specialize in repairing cars｜专门修理汽车",
   "highly specialized skills｜高度专业化的技能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "specialist (n.)",
   "specialization (n.)",
   "specialized (adj.)",
   "specialism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用specialize in；英式也常拼作specialise。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "specialize"
 },
 {
  "w": "rip",
  "uk": "/rɪp/",
  "us": "/rɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "撕裂；扯破",
    "en": "To tear something quickly or forcefully, or become torn."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "裂口；破洞",
    "en": "A long hole caused by tearing material."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I ripped my sleeve on a sharp branch yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我的袖子被一根尖树枝扯破了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Repairing a small rip in clothing instead of replacing it can reduce household waste.",
    "zh": "修补衣物上的小裂口而非换掉整件衣物，可以减少家庭垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rip open｜撕开",
   "rip apart｜撕碎；扯开",
   "a rip in｜……上的裂口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ripped (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tear"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rip的过去式和过去分词均为ripped。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rip"
 },
 {
  "w": "flexible",
  "uk": "/ˈfleksəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈfleksəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "灵活的；可调整的",
    "en": "able to change to suit different needs or situations"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "柔韧的；易弯曲的",
    "en": "able to bend easily without breaking"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My flexible schedule lets me collect the children after school.",
    "zh": "我的时间安排很灵活，可以在放学后接孩子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working arrangements can help employees balance professional responsibilities with their family commitments.",
    "zh": "灵活的工作安排能帮助员工兼顾工作职责与家庭责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flexible working hours｜弹性工作时间",
   "a flexible approach｜灵活的方法",
   "flexible materials｜柔性材料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flexibility (n.)",
   "flexibly (adv.)",
   "inflexible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adaptable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inflexible",
   "rigid"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容安排灵活，也可形容材料易弯曲。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flexible"
 },
 {
  "w": "bud",
  "uk": "/bʌd/",
  "us": "/bʌd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "芽；花蕾",
    "en": "a small growth that develops into a leaf or flower"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发芽；长出花蕾",
    "en": "to produce new buds"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiny green bud appeared on the bare branch.",
    "zh": "光秃秃的树枝上冒出了一个小小的绿芽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Warmer spring temperatures can cause trees to bud earlier, leaving new growth vulnerable to sudden frost.",
    "zh": "春季气温升高会使树木提前发芽，导致新芽容易受到突发霜冻的损害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a flower bud｜花蕾",
   "a leaf bud｜叶芽",
   "in bud｜含苞待放",
   "nip something in the bud｜将某事扼杀在萌芽中"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "budding (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词过去式budded，现在分词budding，双写d。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bud"
 },
 {
  "w": "underestimate",
  "uk": "/ˌʌndərˈestɪmeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˌʌndərˈestɪmeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "低估；小看",
    "en": "To judge something as less important, capable, or large than reality"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "偏低的估计",
    "en": "An estimate that is lower than the actual amount"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We underestimated the traffic and arrived half an hour late.",
    "zh": "我们低估了交通拥堵程度，结果迟到了半小时。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policymakers should not underestimate the long-term effects of poor housing on children's health and educational achievement.",
    "zh": "政策制定者不应低估恶劣住房条件对儿童健康和学业表现的长期影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "underestimate the cost｜低估成本",
   "underestimate the importance of｜低估……的重要性",
   "seriously underestimate｜严重低估"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "underestimation (n.)",
   "estimate (v.)",
   "estimation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "underrate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "overestimate"
  ],
  "tip": "动词末尾读/ meɪt /，名词末尾读/ mət /。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "underestimate"
 },
 {
  "w": "rotation",
  "uk": "/rəʊˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/roʊˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旋转；转动",
    "en": "Movement around a central point or axis"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轮换；轮作",
    "en": "The regular replacement of one thing or person by another"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The wheel completed one rotation before stopping in the mud.",
    "zh": "车轮转了一圈后便停在了泥里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Crop rotation helps farmers maintain soil fertility and reduce their reliance on chemical pesticides.",
    "zh": "作物轮作有助于农民保持土壤肥力，并减少对化学农药的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the Earth's rotation｜地球自转",
   "crop rotation｜作物轮作",
   "job rotation｜岗位轮换",
   "in rotation｜轮流"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rotate (v.)",
   "rotational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rotation 可指绕轴旋转，也可指按顺序轮换。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rotation"
 },
 {
  "w": "satisfaction",
  "uk": "/ˌsætɪsˈfækʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌsætɪsˈfækʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "满意；满足",
    "en": "Pleasure felt when needs, wishes, or expectations are fulfilled."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "满足；履行",
    "en": "The act of meeting a need, demand, or requirement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He smiled with satisfaction after fixing the broken chair.",
    "zh": "修好那把坏椅子后，他满意地笑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Greater job satisfaction can reduce staff turnover and encourage employees to contribute more actively to their organisations.",
    "zh": "更高的工作满意度可以减少人员流失，并鼓励员工更积极地为所在机构作贡献。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "job satisfaction｜工作满意度",
   "customer satisfaction｜顾客满意度",
   "a sense of satisfaction｜满足感",
   "the satisfaction of basic needs｜基本需求的满足"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "satisfy (v.)",
   "satisfied (adj.)",
   "satisfying (adj.)",
   "satisfactory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "contentment",
   "fulfilment"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dissatisfaction"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；满意某事常说satisfaction with。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "satisfaction"
 },
 {
  "w": "acrobat",
  "uk": "/ˈækrəbæt/",
  "us": "/ˈækrəbæt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "杂技演员",
    "en": "A performer who does difficult balancing, jumping, or gymnastic movements."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The acrobat balanced on one hand above the soft mat.",
    "zh": "杂技演员在软垫上方用单手支撑身体，保持平衡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Training as an acrobat requires sustained physical discipline, making injury prevention an essential part of professional education.",
    "zh": "杂技演员的训练需要长期严格的身体训练，因此伤害预防是专业教育中不可或缺的一部分。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "skilled acrobat｜技艺娴熟的杂技演员",
   "circus acrobat｜马戏团杂技演员",
   "professional acrobat｜职业杂技演员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "acrobatic (adj.)",
   "acrobatics (n.)",
   "acrobatically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "acrobat指演员；acrobatics指杂技表演或技巧。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "acrobat"
 },
 {
  "w": "anxiety",
  "uk": "/æŋˈzaɪəti/",
  "us": "/æŋˈzaɪəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "焦虑；担忧",
    "en": "Worry or nervousness about something uncertain or threatening."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her anxiety faded when she heard the good news.",
    "zh": "听到好消息后，她的焦虑消退了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular physical activity can reduce anxiety among students facing demanding examinations and uncertain career prospects.",
    "zh": "经常锻炼可以减轻学生面对高难度考试和不确定就业前景时的焦虑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "anxiety about｜对……的焦虑",
   "reduce anxiety｜减轻焦虑",
   "severe anxiety｜严重焦虑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "anxious (adj.)",
   "anxiously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "worry",
   "unease"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm"
  ],
  "tip": "anxiety about后接担忧的事情；形容词是anxious。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anxiety"
 },
 {
  "w": "commitment",
  "uk": "/kəˈmɪtmənt/",
  "us": "/kəˈmɪtmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "投入；奉献精神",
    "en": "A strong willingness to give time and effort to something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "承诺；保证",
    "en": "A firm promise to do something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "必须履行的责任",
    "en": "A duty or arrangement requiring your time, money, or attention."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her commitment to gardening keeps the flowers blooming.",
    "zh": "她用心打理花园，让鲜花一直盛开。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving public transport requires sustained political commitment and reliable funding rather than occasional investment in isolated projects.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通需要持续的政治决心和可靠的资金，而非偶尔投资零散项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commitment to a cause｜对事业的投入",
   "make a commitment｜作出承诺",
   "family commitments｜家庭责任",
   "long-term commitment｜长期投入"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "commit (v)",
   "committed (adj)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dedication",
   "devotion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "commitment to中的to是介词，后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commitment"
 },
 {
  "w": "chairwoman",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃeəˌwʊmən/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃerˌwʊmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女主席；女董事长",
    "en": "A woman who leads a meeting, committee, or organisation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The chairwoman invited everyone to share their ideas.",
    "zh": "女主席邀请大家分享各自的想法。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The chairwoman proposed new training programmes to improve employees' skills and support equal opportunities.",
    "zh": "女董事长提议开展新的培训项目，以提升员工技能并促进机会平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chairwoman of the board｜董事会女主席",
   "committee chairwoman｜委员会女主席",
   "appoint a chairwoman｜任命女主席"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chair (n.)",
   "chair (v.)",
   "chairperson (n.)",
   "chairmanship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "chair",
   "chairperson"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为chairwomen；不强调性别可用chair。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chairwoman"
 },
 {
  "w": "reasonably",
  "uk": "/ˈriːzənəbli/",
  "us": "/ˈriːzənəbli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "相当；还算",
    "en": "to a fairly good or satisfactory degree"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "通情达理地；合理地",
    "en": "in a sensible, fair, or logical way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "价格公道地",
    "en": "at a fair and affordable price"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen is reasonably clean, but the floor needs sweeping.",
    "zh": "厨房还算干净，不过地板需要扫一扫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport must be reasonably priced if cities want more residents to leave their cars at home.",
    "zh": "如果城市希望更多居民不开车出门，公共交通就必须定价合理。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reasonably good｜相当不错",
   "reasonably priced｜价格公道的",
   "reasonably expect｜合理预期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reasonable (adj.)",
   "reason (n.)",
   "unreasonable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fairly",
   "sensibly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unreasonably"
  ],
  "tip": "表示程度时近于 fairly，并非 very。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reasonably"
 },
 {
  "w": "navigation",
  "uk": "/ˌnævɪˈɡeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌnævɪˈɡeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "导航；航行",
    "en": "Finding and following a route to a destination."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "网站或应用的浏览操作",
    "en": "Moving between pages or sections of a website or application."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We used a compass for navigation during our hike.",
    "zh": "徒步时，我们用指南针辨别方向。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear website navigation helps users find essential information quickly, making online public services more accessible to everyone.",
    "zh": "清晰的网站导航能帮助用户快速找到重要信息，让所有人都更方便地使用在线公共服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "satellite navigation｜卫星导航",
   "a navigation system｜导航系统",
   "website navigation｜网站导航"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "navigate (v.)",
   "navigator (n.)",
   "navigational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不仅指航海，也用于道路导航和网页浏览。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "navigation"
 },
 {
  "w": "preferable",
  "uk": "/ˈprefrəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈprefrəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "更可取的；更合意的",
    "en": "Better or more suitable than another option."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A quiet evening at home is preferable to another party.",
    "zh": "比起再参加一场聚会，在家度过安静的夜晚更合心意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in reliable public transport is often preferable to building more roads in densely populated cities.",
    "zh": "在人口稠密的城市，投资可靠的公共交通通常比修建更多道路更可取。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "preferable to｜比……更可取",
   "far preferable｜好得多的",
   "a preferable alternative｜更可取的替代方案"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prefer (v.)",
   "preference (n.)",
   "preferably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "better"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用A is preferable to B，不用than；通常不加more。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "preferable"
 },
 {
  "w": "associate",
  "uk": "/əˈsəʊsieɪt/",
  "us": "/əˈsoʊʃieɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "联想；联系",
    "en": "to connect people or things in your mind"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "同事；业务伙伴",
    "en": "someone connected with you through work or business"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "副的；准的",
    "en": "having a related position, often below the main or full rank"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I always associate the smell of cinnamon with home.",
    "zh": "我总是一闻到肉桂的气味就想起家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many consumers associate higher prices with better quality, although research suggests this connection is not always reliable.",
    "zh": "许多消费者把较高价格与较好品质联系起来，但研究表明，这种联系并非总是可靠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "associate A with B｜把A与B联系起来",
   "be associated with｜与……有关",
   "business associate｜业务伙伴",
   "associate professor｜副教授"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "association (n.)",
   "associated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "connect",
   "link"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dissociate"
  ],
  "tip": "动词尾音/eɪt/；名词、形容词尾音/ət/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "associate"
 },
 {
  "w": "excessive",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈsesɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsesɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "过量的；过度的",
    "en": "Greater than is necessary, reasonable, or acceptable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The excessive heat made our afternoon walk uncomfortable.",
    "zh": "酷热让我们下午的散步变得很不舒服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive use of private cars contributes to urban air pollution and places pressure on existing roads.",
    "zh": "过度使用私家车加剧了城市空气污染，也给现有道路带来压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "excessive consumption｜过度消费",
   "excessive pressure｜过大压力",
   "excessive noise｜过大噪声",
   "excessive use of｜过度使用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "excess (n.)",
   "excessively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "undue",
   "inordinate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "moderate",
   "reasonable"
  ],
  "tip": "含超过合理限度之意，不等于extra（额外的）。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "excessive"
 },
 {
  "w": "specify",
  "uk": "/ˈspesɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈspesɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "明确说明；具体指定",
    "en": "To state exactly what is required or meant."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please specify which colour you want for the curtains.",
    "zh": "请明确说明你想要哪种颜色的窗帘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should specify clear safety standards that all manufacturers must meet before selling products to consumers.",
    "zh": "政府应明确规定所有制造商向消费者出售产品前必须达到的安全标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "specify requirements｜明确要求",
   "specify a date｜指定日期",
   "specify conditions｜明确条件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "specification (n.)",
   "specific (adj.)",
   "specifically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "state",
   "stipulate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可接名词、that从句或疑问词引导的从句。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "specify"
 },
 {
  "w": "overtime",
  "uk": "/ˈəʊvətaɪm/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊvərtaɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "加班时间；加班费",
    "en": "Extra working hours, or the money paid for them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "加班地",
    "en": "For longer than the usual working hours."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "加时赛",
    "en": "Additional playing time used to decide a tied game."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I worked overtime yesterday to finish the kitchen repairs.",
    "zh": "我昨天加班完成了厨房的维修。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular overtime may increase short-term productivity, but it can also undermine employees' health and reduce job satisfaction.",
    "zh": "经常加班可能提高短期生产力，但也会损害员工健康，降低工作满意度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "work overtime｜加班",
   "overtime pay｜加班费",
   "unpaid overtime｜无偿加班",
   "mandatory overtime｜强制加班"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "加班用work overtime；over time意为随着时间推移。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overtime"
 },
 {
  "w": "deceive",
  "uk": "/dɪˈsiːv/",
  "us": "/dɪˈsiːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "欺骗；蒙骗",
    "en": "to deliberately make someone believe something that is not true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The seller deceived me about the bicycle's condition.",
    "zh": "卖家在自行车的状况上欺骗了我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Misleading advertisements can deceive consumers into purchasing products that offer little benefit to their health.",
    "zh": "误导性广告可能诱使消费者购买对健康益处甚微的产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deceive someone into doing something｜骗某人做某事",
   "deceive yourself｜自欺",
   "deliberately deceive｜故意欺骗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deception (n.)",
   "deceptive (adj.)",
   "deceit (n.)",
   "deceitful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mislead",
   "trick"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "deceive sb into doing sth表示骗某人做某事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deceive"
 },
 {
  "w": "limitation",
  "uk": "/ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "局限；不足",
    "en": "a weakness that prevents someone or something from being fully effective"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "限制；限额",
    "en": "a rule or condition that controls how much is allowed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The main limitation of this camera is its battery life.",
    "zh": "这台相机的主要不足是电池续航时间短。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should acknowledge the limitations of small samples before drawing conclusions about the wider population.",
    "zh": "研究人员在对更广泛人群作出结论前，应承认小样本的局限性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "limitations of a study｜研究的局限性",
   "place limitations on｜对……加以限制",
   "budget limitations｜预算限制",
   "recognise your limitations｜认识自身的局限"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "limit (n.)",
   "limit (v.)",
   "limited (adj.)",
   "limitless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "restriction",
   "constraint"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“局限性”常用复数；对……的限制用limitation on。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "limitation"
 },
 {
  "w": "conflict",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnflɪkt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnflɪkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冲突；争执",
    "en": "A serious disagreement or struggle between people or groups."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "矛盾；抵触",
    "en": "A situation where different needs or ideas cannot agree."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "相冲突；相抵触",
    "en": "To disagree with or be incompatible with something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sharing a bedroom sometimes causes conflict between the brothers.",
    "zh": "共用一间卧室有时会让兄弟俩发生争执。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Economic growth can conflict with environmental protection when industries rely heavily on fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "当工业高度依赖化石燃料时，经济增长可能与环境保护相冲突。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "resolve a conflict｜解决冲突",
   "conflict with｜与……相抵触",
   "a conflict of interest｜利益冲突"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conflicting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disagreement",
   "clash"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "harmony"
  ],
  "tip": "名词重音在首音节，动词重音在第二音节。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conflict"
 },
 {
  "w": "punctual",
  "uk": "/ˈpʌŋktʃuəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpʌŋktʃuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "准时的；守时的",
    "en": "Arriving or happening at the agreed or expected time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please be punctual; the bus cannot wait for everyone.",
    "zh": "请准时到达，公交车不能等每一个人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Punctual employees help organisations operate efficiently by ensuring that meetings and daily tasks begin on time.",
    "zh": "守时的员工确保会议和日常任务按时开始，从而帮助机构高效运作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be punctual for｜准时参加",
   "a punctual arrival｜准时到达",
   "punctual service｜准点服务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "punctuality (n.)",
   "punctually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "on time",
   "prompt"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "late",
   "unpunctual"
  ],
  "tip": "表示准时参加会议，用be punctual for a meeting。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "punctual"
 },
 {
  "w": "peg",
  "uk": "/peɡ/",
  "us": "/peɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "挂钩；短桩；固定钉",
    "en": "a small pin or post used to hang or secure things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "晾衣夹",
    "en": "a clip that holds clothes on a washing line"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使价格或汇率挂钩",
    "en": "to fix a price or rate in relation to another"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Hang your wet coat on the peg by the door.",
    "zh": "把你的湿外套挂在门边的挂钩上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some governments peg their currencies to a major foreign currency to reduce exchange rate uncertainty.",
    "zh": "一些政府将本国货币与某种主要外币挂钩，以降低汇率的不确定性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tent peg｜帐篷桩",
   "clothes peg｜晾衣夹",
   "peg a currency to｜将货币与……挂钩"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用peg A to B；晾衣夹在美式中叫clothespin。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "peg"
 },
 {
  "w": "concrete",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒŋkriːt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːŋkriːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "混凝土",
    "en": "A building material made from cement, water, sand, and stones."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "具体的；确实的",
    "en": "Specific and based on facts rather than general ideas."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "混凝土制的",
    "en": "Made of concrete."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The workers poured wet concrete into the wooden frame.",
    "zh": "工人们把湿混凝土倒入木框中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments need concrete evidence before investing public money in expensive solutions to environmental problems.",
    "zh": "政府在投入公共资金采用昂贵的环境问题解决方案之前，需要确实的证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reinforced concrete｜钢筋混凝土",
   "concrete evidence｜确实的证据",
   "concrete steps｜具体措施",
   "concrete example｜具体例子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "concretely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "abstract"
  ],
  "tip": "cement是水泥，是制作concrete（混凝土）的原料之一。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "concrete"
 },
 {
  "w": "joyful",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒɔɪfl/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒɔɪfl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "喜悦的；令人高兴的",
    "en": "Feeling, expressing, or causing great happiness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We heard joyful laughter coming from the kitchen.",
    "zh": "我们听到厨房里传来欢快的笑声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community festivals create joyful shared experiences that can strengthen social connections among residents of different backgrounds.",
    "zh": "社区节庆活动创造共同的欢乐体验，有助于加强不同背景居民之间的社会联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a joyful occasion｜喜庆的场合",
   "joyful laughter｜欢快的笑声",
   "a joyful reunion｜欢乐的重聚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "joy (n.)",
   "joyfully (adv.)",
   "joyfulness (n.)",
   "joyless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "delighted",
   "happy",
   "cheerful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sad",
   "joyless"
  ],
  "tip": "比happy更强调强烈喜悦，也可形容场合。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "joyful"
 },
 {
  "w": "virtual",
  "uk": "/ˈvɜːtʃuəl/",
  "us": "/ˈvɝːtʃuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "虚拟的；通过网络进行的",
    "en": "Created by computers or experienced through an online connection."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "事实上的；几乎完全的",
    "en": "Almost complete or effectively true, though not officially so."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took a virtual tour of the museum yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们在线上虚拟参观了那座博物馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Virtual classrooms can widen access to education, although reliable internet connections remain essential for effective participation.",
    "zh": "虚拟课堂能够扩大教育覆盖面，但可靠的网络连接仍是有效参与的必要条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "virtual reality｜虚拟现实",
   "virtual classroom｜虚拟课堂",
   "virtual tour｜虚拟游览",
   "a virtual monopoly｜事实上的垄断"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "virtually (adv.)",
   "virtualize (v.)",
   "virtualization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "virtual不只指电脑虚拟，也可表示事实上的、近乎的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "virtual"
 },
 {
  "w": "handling",
  "uk": "/ˈhændlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈhændlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "处理；管理；应对",
    "en": "The way someone deals with a situation, task, or person."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "搬运；用手操作",
    "en": "The act of moving, holding, or touching something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "车辆操控性能",
    "en": "How easily a vehicle responds to its driver's control."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her calm handling of the complaint impressed everyone.",
    "zh": "她冷静处理投诉的表现给大家留下了深刻印象。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective handling of household waste requires cooperation between local authorities, recycling companies, and residents throughout the community.",
    "zh": "有效处理生活垃圾需要地方政府、回收企业和整个社区的居民共同合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "handling of complaints｜投诉处理",
   "safe handling｜安全操作",
   "manual handling｜人工搬运",
   "handling charges｜手续费"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "handle (v.)",
   "handler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "management"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示处理方式时，常用handling of加所处理的事物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "handling"
 },
 {
  "w": "hence",
  "uk": "/hens/",
  "us": "/hens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "因此；由此",
    "en": "For this reason; as a result"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "从现在起；之后",
    "en": "After a stated period measured from now"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The oven broke, hence our cold dinner tonight.",
    "zh": "烤箱坏了，所以今晚我们吃冷餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban populations are growing rapidly; hence, governments need to invest more in reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "城市人口正在迅速增长，因此政府需要加大对可靠公共交通的投入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hence the need for｜因此需要",
   "hence the importance of｜由此可见……的重要性",
   "years hence｜若干年后"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "therefore",
   "thus"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用语；表示“因此”时，后面也可直接接名词短语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hence"
 },
 {
  "w": "adore",
  "uk": "/əˈdɔː/",
  "us": "/əˈdɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "深爱；非常喜爱",
    "en": "to love someone or like something very much"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandparents adore spending quiet afternoons in their garden.",
    "zh": "我的祖父母非常喜欢在花园里度过宁静的下午。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although many visitors adore historic neighbourhoods, excessive tourism can disrupt the daily lives of residents.",
    "zh": "虽然许多游客非常喜爱历史街区，但过度旅游可能扰乱居民的日常生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "absolutely adore｜极其喜爱",
   "adore doing something｜非常喜欢做某事",
   "adore someone｜深爱某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adoration (n.)",
   "adoring (adj.)",
   "adorable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "love",
   "cherish"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "detest",
   "loathe"
  ],
  "tip": "语气比like强；后接名词或动名词，不接不定式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adore"
 },
 {
  "w": "frustrate",
  "uk": "/frʌˈstreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈfrʌstreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使沮丧；使懊恼",
    "en": "Make someone annoyed because they cannot achieve what they want."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "阻挠；挫败",
    "en": "Prevent a plan or effort from succeeding."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These constant delays frustrate everyone waiting for the bus.",
    "zh": "这样一再延误，让所有等公交车的人都很烦躁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Complicated application procedures can frustrate small business owners who need financial support to expand their operations.",
    "zh": "繁琐的申请程序会让需要资金支持来扩大经营的小企业主感到沮丧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "frustrate efforts｜阻挠努力",
   "frustrate a plan｜挫败计划",
   "deeply frustrated｜极度沮丧的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "frustration (n.)",
   "frustrated (adj.)",
   "frustrating (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "annoy",
   "thwart"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "人感到沮丧用 frustrated；事情令人沮丧用 frustrating。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "frustrate"
 },
 {
  "w": "infection",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈfekʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈfekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "感染；传染病",
    "en": "a condition caused by harmful organisms entering the body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor checked my sore throat for signs of infection.",
    "zh": "医生检查了我疼痛的喉咙，看是否有感染迹象。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved sanitation can reduce the risk of infection, particularly in communities with limited access to clean water.",
    "zh": "改善卫生条件可以降低感染风险，尤其是在难以获得洁净水的社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prevent infection｜预防感染",
   "risk of infection｜感染风险",
   "bacterial infection｜细菌感染",
   "spread of infection｜感染的传播"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "infect (v.)",
   "infected (adj.)",
   "infectious (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "infection既可指感染过程，也可指一次具体感染。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "infection"
 },
 {
  "w": "cooperate",
  "uk": "/kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/",
  "us": "/koʊˈɑːpəreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "合作；协作",
    "en": "to work together to achieve a shared aim"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "配合；协助",
    "en": "to help by doing what someone asks"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We cooperated with our neighbours to clean the shared garden.",
    "zh": "我们和邻居一起清理了共用花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Countries must cooperate on climate policy because pollution crosses borders and affects communities far from its source.",
    "zh": "各国必须在气候政策上合作，因为污染会跨越国界，影响远离污染源的社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cooperate with｜与……合作；配合……",
   "cooperate on a project｜在项目上合作",
   "cooperate closely｜密切合作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cooperation (n.)",
   "cooperative (adj.)",
   "cooperatively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "collaborate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不及物：与人合作用with，就某事合作用on。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cooperate"
 },
 {
  "w": "strike",
  "uk": "/straɪk/",
  "us": "/straɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "罢工",
    "en": "a refusal to work to demand better employment conditions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "击打；撞击",
    "en": "hit someone or something with force"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "突然想到；给……印象",
    "en": "occur suddenly to someone or create a strong impression"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The drivers are on strike, so we walked home.",
    "zh": "司机们正在罢工，所以我们走路回了家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Workers may go on strike when negotiations over pay and working conditions fail.",
    "zh": "当有关薪酬和工作条件的谈判失败时，工人可能会举行罢工。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go on strike｜举行罢工",
   "be on strike｜正在罢工",
   "strike a balance｜取得平衡",
   "strike someone as unusual｜让某人觉得不寻常"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "striker (n.)",
   "striking (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hit"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式struck；过去分词通常也用struck。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strike"
 },
 {
  "w": "construct",
  "uk": "/kənˈstrʌkt/",
  "us": "/kənˈstrʌkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "建造；构筑",
    "en": "to build something by putting parts or materials together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "构思；组织",
    "en": "to carefully develop an argument, theory, or explanation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Workers are constructing a wooden bridge across the stream.",
    "zh": "工人们正在小溪上建造一座木桥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should learn to construct clear arguments supported by reliable evidence rather than personal assumptions.",
    "zh": "学生应学会用可靠证据而非个人臆断来构建清晰的论证。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "construct a bridge｜建造桥梁",
   "construct an argument｜构建论证",
   "construct a model｜建立模型"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "construction (n.)",
   "constructor (n.)",
   "reconstruct (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "build",
   "assemble"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "demolish"
  ],
  "tip": "动词重音在后；名词construct重音在前。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "construct"
 },
 {
  "w": "gender",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒendə/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒendər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "性别",
    "en": "Being male, female, or another identity, especially socially and culturally."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "语法性",
    "en": "A grammatical class of nouns affecting related word forms."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The club welcomes everyone, regardless of age or gender.",
    "zh": "这个俱乐部欢迎所有人加入，不论年龄或性别。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policies promoting gender equality can improve access to education and expand employment opportunities across society.",
    "zh": "促进性别平等的政策可以改善受教育机会，并扩大整个社会的就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gender equality｜性别平等",
   "gender roles｜性别角色",
   "gender identity｜性别认同",
   "gender gap｜性别差距"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gendered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gender常侧重社会性别；sex常侧重生理性别。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gender"
 },
 {
  "w": "bungee",
  "uk": "/ˈbʌndʒi/",
  "us": "/ˈbʌndʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "弹力绳；蹦极绳",
    "en": "A strong stretchy cord used for securing objects or bungee jumping."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We secured the sleeping bags with a strong bungee.",
    "zh": "我们用一根结实的弹力绳固定住了睡袋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Adventure tourism operators must inspect every bungee cord regularly to ensure that essential safety standards are maintained.",
    "zh": "探险旅游经营者必须定期检查每根蹦极绳，以确保符合基本安全标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bungee cord｜弹力绳；蹦极绳",
   "bungee jumping｜蹦极运动",
   "a bungee jump｜一次蹦极"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bungee主要指弹力绳；蹦极运动通常说bungee jumping。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bungee"
 },
 {
  "w": "shrink",
  "uk": "/ʃrɪŋk/",
  "us": "/ʃrɪŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缩小；缩水；减少",
    "en": "To become smaller, or make something smaller."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "退缩；畏缩",
    "en": "To move back or avoid something through fear or discomfort."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My wool jumper shrank after I washed it badly.",
    "zh": "我的羊毛套头衫因洗涤不当而缩水了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As rural populations shrink, maintaining affordable public transport becomes increasingly difficult for local authorities with limited budgets.",
    "zh": "随着农村人口减少，预算有限的地方政府越来越难以维持价格合理的公共交通服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shrink in size｜体积缩小",
   "a shrinking population｜不断减少的人口",
   "shrink from responsibility｜逃避责任"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shrinkage (n.)",
   "shrunken (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "contract",
   "diminish"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "expand",
   "grow"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式shrank，过去分词shrunk；shrink from指退缩。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shrink"
 },
 {
  "w": "spacecraft",
  "uk": "/ˈspeɪskrɑːft/",
  "us": "/ˈspeɪskræft/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "航天器；宇宙飞船",
    "en": "A vehicle designed to travel or operate in space."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the spacecraft launch from our garden.",
    "zh": "我们在花园里观看了航天器发射。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unmanned spacecraft allow scientists to explore distant planets without putting human lives at risk.",
    "zh": "无人航天器让科学家能够探索遥远的行星，而不危及人的生命。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "launch a spacecraft｜发射航天器",
   "unmanned spacecraft｜无人航天器",
   "reusable spacecraft｜可重复使用的航天器"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单复数同形：one spacecraft，two spacecraft。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spacecraft"
 },
 {
  "w": "shady",
  "uk": "/ˈʃeɪdi/",
  "us": "/ˈʃeɪdi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "背阴的；成荫的",
    "en": "Protected from direct sunlight by trees or other objects."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可疑的；不正当的",
    "en": "Seeming dishonest or possibly involved in illegal activities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a shady spot beneath the old oak.",
    "zh": "我们在老橡树下找到了一处阴凉的地方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting trees along busy streets creates shady spaces that encourage walking during hot weather.",
    "zh": "在繁忙街道两旁种树可以创造阴凉空间，鼓励人们在炎热天气里步行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shady spot｜阴凉处",
   "shady dealings｜不正当交易",
   "shady character｜可疑人物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shade (n.)",
   "shade (v.)",
   "shadiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shaded",
   "suspicious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sunny"
  ],
  "tip": "shady指背阴或可疑；shadowy多指昏暗、模糊。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shady"
 },
 {
  "w": "bachelor",
  "uk": "/ˈbætʃələ/",
  "us": "/ˈbætʃələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学士",
    "en": "Someone awarded a first university degree"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "未婚男子；单身汉",
    "en": "A man who has never married"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin earned a bachelor's degree in engineering.",
    "zh": "我的表哥获得了工程学学士学位。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A bachelor's degree can improve employment prospects, although practical experience remains important in many industries.",
    "zh": "学士学位可以改善就业前景，但在许多行业中，实践经验仍然重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bachelor's degree｜学士学位",
   "Bachelor of Arts｜文学学士",
   "Bachelor of Science｜理学学士",
   "eligible bachelor｜条件优越的未婚男子"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "学士学位写作bachelor's degree，注意所有格。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bachelor"
 },
 {
  "w": "vaccination",
  "uk": "/ˌvæksɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌvæksɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疫苗接种",
    "en": "Giving a vaccine to help protect someone against disease"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse asked me to relax before my vaccination.",
    "zh": "接种疫苗前，护士让我放松。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accessible vaccination programmes help prevent infectious diseases and reduce pressure on public healthcare services.",
    "zh": "便捷可及的疫苗接种计划有助于预防传染病，并减轻公共医疗服务的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a vaccination programme｜疫苗接种计划",
   "vaccination against flu｜流感疫苗接种",
   "vaccination coverage｜疫苗接种覆盖率"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vaccinate (v.)",
   "vaccine (n.)",
   "vaccinated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "immunisation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "接种以预防某病用vaccination against。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vaccination"
 },
 {
  "w": "self-defence",
  "uk": "/ˌself dɪˈfens/",
  "us": "/ˌself dɪˈfens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自卫；正当防卫",
    "en": "protecting yourself from attack or physical harm"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister attends a self-defence class every Saturday.",
    "zh": "我姐姐每周六都上自卫术课。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Self-defence courses can build confidence, although avoiding dangerous situations should remain the primary focus of personal safety.",
    "zh": "自卫课程能增强信心，但人身安全仍应以避免危险处境为首要重点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in self-defence｜出于自卫",
   "self-defence class｜自卫术课",
   "self-defence techniques｜自卫技巧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "defend (v.)",
   "defence (n.)",
   "defensive (adj.)",
   "defender (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；美式拼写为self-defense。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "self-defence"
 },
 {
  "w": "cruise",
  "uk": "/kruːz/",
  "us": "/kruːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乘船游览；邮轮旅行",
    "en": "a holiday travelling by ship and visiting different places"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "巡航；悠然行驶",
    "en": "to travel smoothly at a steady speed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took a cruise around the islands last summer.",
    "zh": "去年夏天，我们乘船游览了那些岛屿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The growing popularity of cruise holidays has raised concerns about air pollution in coastal cities.",
    "zh": "邮轮度假日益流行，引发了人们对沿海城市空气污染的担忧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go on a cruise｜乘邮轮旅行",
   "cruise ship｜邮轮",
   "cruise along｜平稳前行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cruiser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词指一次邮轮旅行时可数：a cruise。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cruise"
 },
 {
  "w": "apiece",
  "uk": "/əˈpiːs/",
  "us": "/əˈpiːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "每个；每人；各",
    "en": "For each person or thing separately."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought fresh peaches for fifty cents apiece.",
    "zh": "我们买了新鲜桃子，每个五十分。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reusable containers may cost more apiece initially, but they can reduce packaging expenses over the long term.",
    "zh": "可重复使用的容器起初单价可能较高，但长期而言能够降低包装费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cost ten dollars apiece｜每个售价十美元",
   "two apiece｜每人两个",
   "one apiece｜每人一个"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "each"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常放在价格或数量之后，不用于名词前作限定词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "apiece"
 },
 {
  "w": "considerably",
  "uk": "/kənˈsɪdərəbli/",
  "us": "/kənˈsɪdərəbli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "相当大程度地；显著地",
    "en": "by a large amount or to a large degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our new flat is considerably warmer than the old one.",
    "zh": "我们的新公寓比旧公寓暖和多了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved public transport could considerably reduce traffic congestion and air pollution in major cities.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通可以显著减少大城市的交通拥堵和空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "considerably higher｜高出很多",
   "vary considerably｜差异很大",
   "reduce considerably｜大幅减少"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "considerable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "significantly",
   "substantially"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "slightly"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰比较级或变化动词，表示差异或变化很大。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "considerably"
 },
 {
  "w": "note-taking",
  "uk": "/ˈnəʊt ˌteɪkɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈnoʊt ˌteɪkɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "记笔记",
    "en": "the activity of writing down important information while listening or reading"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Note-taking helps me remember what happens during meetings.",
    "zh": "记笔记有助于我记住会议中的内容。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective note-taking allows students to identify key arguments and review complex material more efficiently after lectures.",
    "zh": "有效记笔记能帮助学生识别关键论点，并在课后更高效地复习复杂内容。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "note-taking skills｜记笔记的技巧",
   "effective note-taking｜有效记笔记",
   "note-taking strategies｜记笔记的策略"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "note (n.)",
   "note-taker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；动词短语用take notes。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "note-taking"
 },
 {
  "w": "democracy",
  "uk": "/dɪˈmɒkrəsi/",
  "us": "/dɪˈmɑːkrəsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "民主；民主政体",
    "en": "A system of government in which people choose their leaders."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "民主国家",
    "en": "A country governed through representatives elected by its people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher explained democracy through a classroom vote.",
    "zh": "老师通过一次班级投票向我们解释了民主。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A healthy democracy depends on informed citizens who can access reliable information and participate freely in public debate.",
    "zh": "健全的民主制度依赖于知情的公民，他们能够获取可靠信息并自由参与公共讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "parliamentary democracy｜议会民主制",
   "representative democracy｜代议民主制",
   "strengthen democracy｜加强民主制度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "democratic (adj.)",
   "democratically (adv.)",
   "democratisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "dictatorship"
  ],
  "tip": "指制度通常不可数；指民主国家可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "democracy"
 },
 {
  "w": "chaos",
  "uk": "/ˈkeɪɒs/",
  "us": "/ˈkeɪɑːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "混乱；无秩序状态",
    "en": "a state of complete confusion and lack of order"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen was in chaos after we baked together.",
    "zh": "我们一起烘焙后，厨房里一片狼藉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unexpected road closures caused chaos across the city, highlighting the need for better emergency planning.",
    "zh": "突如其来的道路封闭使全市陷入混乱，凸显了完善应急规划的必要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in chaos｜处于混乱中",
   "cause chaos｜造成混乱",
   "complete chaos｜彻底混乱",
   "traffic chaos｜交通混乱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chaotic (adj.)",
   "chaotically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disorder",
   "confusion"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "order"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；ch发/k/，不是/tʃ/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chaos"
 },
 {
  "w": "magnet",
  "uk": "/ˈmæɡnət/",
  "us": "/ˈmæɡnət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "磁铁；磁体",
    "en": "an object that attracts iron and certain other metals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "有吸引力的人或事物",
    "en": "a person or thing that strongly attracts people or attention"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small magnet holds our shopping list on the fridge.",
    "zh": "一块小磁铁把我们的购物清单固定在冰箱上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Well-funded universities can act as a magnet for talented researchers, supporting innovation across the wider economy.",
    "zh": "资金充足的大学能够吸引优秀研究人员，从而推动更广泛经济领域的创新。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fridge magnet｜冰箱贴",
   "a powerful magnet｜强力磁铁",
   "a magnet for tourists｜吸引游客的地方"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "magnetic (adj.)",
   "magnetism (n.)",
   "magnetise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比喻吸引某类人时常用a magnet for。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "magnet"
 },
 {
  "w": "stack",
  "uk": "/stæk/",
  "us": "/stæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "整齐的一堆",
    "en": "a pile of things arranged on top of each other"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "堆放；码放",
    "en": "to arrange things in a pile"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大量",
    "en": "a large amount of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A stack of clean plates stood beside the sink.",
    "zh": "水槽旁放着一摞干净的盘子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Libraries increasingly store stacks of older journals off site to create more space for collaborative learning.",
    "zh": "图书馆越来越多地将成摞的旧期刊存放在馆外，为协作学习腾出更多空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a stack of books｜一摞书",
   "stack up｜堆积起来",
   "stacks of work｜大量工作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stackable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pile",
   "heap"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "stacks of表示“大量”，属非正式用法。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stack"
 },
 {
  "w": "sophisticated",
  "uk": "/səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "复杂精密的；先进的",
    "en": "highly developed and involving complex methods or technology"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "见多识广的；品位高雅的",
    "en": "knowledgeable about culture and confident in social situations"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This sophisticated camera adjusts its settings automatically in low light.",
    "zh": "这台先进的相机会在光线不足时自动调整设置。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sophisticated monitoring systems allow researchers to detect small changes in air quality across densely populated cities.",
    "zh": "先进的监测系统使研究人员能够发现人口密集城市中空气质量的细微变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sophisticated technology｜先进技术",
   "sophisticated equipment｜精密设备",
   "sophisticated analysis｜精细深入的分析"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sophistication (n.)",
   "unsophisticated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "advanced",
   "refined"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unsophisticated",
   "basic"
  ],
  "tip": "形容设备指精密先进；形容人可指见多识广。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sophisticated"
 },
 {
  "w": "herbal",
  "uk": "/ˈhɜːbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈɝːbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "药草的；香草制的",
    "en": "Relating to herbs or made from them."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I usually drink herbal tea before going to bed.",
    "zh": "我通常在睡前喝花草茶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although herbal remedies are widely used, their safety and effectiveness should be assessed through reliable scientific research.",
    "zh": "尽管草药疗法应用广泛，其安全性和有效性仍应通过可靠的科学研究来评估。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "herbal tea｜花草茶",
   "herbal medicine｜草药",
   "herbal remedy｜草药疗法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "herb (n.)",
   "herbalist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式发音读出h，美式通常不读h。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "herbal"
 },
 {
  "w": "tenant",
  "uk": "/ˈtenənt/",
  "us": "/ˈtenənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "房客；承租人",
    "en": "someone who pays rent to use property or land"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new tenant brought plants for the balcony.",
    "zh": "新房客带来了几盆植物，准备放在阳台上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear rental agreements protect both the tenant and the landlord by defining their responsibilities.",
    "zh": "明确的租赁协议通过界定双方责任，保障房客和房东的权益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "new tenant｜新房客",
   "prospective tenant｜有意承租者",
   "tenant rights｜租客权利"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tenancy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "renter"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tenant是租客，landlord是房东，二者是对应角色。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tenant"
 },
 {
  "w": "manual",
  "uk": "/ˈmænjuəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmænjuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "手工的；手动的",
    "en": "Done by hand or operated by a person, not automatically."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "体力劳动的",
    "en": "Involving physical work rather than mainly mental work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "使用手册；指南",
    "en": "A book giving instructions for using or doing something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This manual coffee grinder takes some effort to turn.",
    "zh": "这个手动咖啡研磨器转起来有些费力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although automation increases productivity, many industries still rely on manual labour for complex tasks.",
    "zh": "尽管自动化提高了生产率，许多行业仍依靠体力劳动来完成复杂任务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "manual labour｜体力劳动",
   "manual control｜手动控制",
   "instruction manual｜使用说明书",
   "user manual｜用户手册"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "manually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作形容词指手动或体力的；作名词指手册。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "manual"
 },
 {
  "w": "expertise",
  "uk": "/ˌekspɜːˈtiːz/",
  "us": "/ˌekspɜːrˈtiːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专业知识；专门技能",
    "en": "Specialist knowledge or skills gained through training and experience."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We need your expertise to repair this old clock.",
    "zh": "修理这座旧钟需要你的专业技能。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities can support local businesses by sharing their expertise in renewable energy and sustainable manufacturing.",
    "zh": "大学可以通过分享可再生能源和可持续制造领域的专业知识来支持当地企业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "technical expertise｜技术专长",
   "expertise in｜在某方面的专长",
   "develop expertise｜培养专业技能",
   "draw on expertise｜利用专业知识"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expert (n.)",
   "expert (adj.)",
   "expertly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "specialist knowledge",
   "know-how"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；某领域的专长用expertise in。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expertise"
 },
 {
  "w": "competitive",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpetətɪv/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpetətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "竞争激烈的；竞争性的",
    "en": "Involving people or organisations trying to outperform each other."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "好胜的",
    "en": "Strongly wanting to win or be better than others."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有竞争力的",
    "en": "As good as or better than what others offer."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our weekend football league has become surprisingly competitive.",
    "zh": "我们的周末足球联赛变得格外激烈，真让人意外。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In a competitive job market, graduates need practical experience as well as strong academic qualifications.",
    "zh": "在竞争激烈的就业市场中，毕业生既需要实践经验，也需要过硬的学历资质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a competitive market｜竞争激烈的市场",
   "competitive prices｜有竞争力的价格",
   "a competitive advantage｜竞争优势",
   "highly competitive｜竞争非常激烈的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compete (v.)",
   "competition (n.)",
   "competitor (n.)",
   "competitiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "uncompetitive"
  ],
  "tip": "形容人常指好胜；形容价格指有竞争力。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "competitive"
 },
 {
  "w": "summit",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌmɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌmɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "山顶；顶峰",
    "en": "The highest point of a mountain."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "峰会；首脑会议",
    "en": "A meeting between national leaders or other senior officials."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We reached the snowy summit just before sunrise.",
    "zh": "我们在日出前刚好登上了白雪覆盖的山顶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "At the climate summit, national leaders discussed practical measures to reduce emissions and support vulnerable communities.",
    "zh": "在气候峰会上，各国领导人讨论了减少排放和支持脆弱社区的实际措施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reach the summit｜登上山顶",
   "a climate summit｜气候峰会",
   "hold a summit｜举行峰会",
   "summit talks｜首脑会谈"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "peak",
   "mountaintop"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "山顶常用the summit of；峰会可用a summit。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "summit"
 },
 {
  "w": "spirit",
  "uk": "/ˈspɪrɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈspɪrɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "精神；意志；气概",
    "en": "Inner strength, courage, or enthusiasm"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灵魂；幽灵",
    "en": "A person's soul or a being without a physical body"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "烈酒",
    "en": "A strong alcoholic drink made by distillation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Even after losing, our team showed great spirit.",
    "zh": "即使输了比赛，我们队仍展现出昂扬的斗志。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community projects can strengthen a spirit of cooperation and encourage residents to take pride in their neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "社区项目能够增强合作精神，并鼓励居民为自己的社区感到自豪。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "team spirit｜团队精神",
   "fighting spirit｜斗志",
   "in good spirits｜心情愉快",
   "a spirit of cooperation｜合作精神"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spiritual (adj.)",
   "spiritually (adv.)",
   "spirited (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“情绪”或泛指“烈酒”时，常用复数spirits。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spirit"
 },
 {
  "w": "wealth",
  "uk": "/welθ/",
  "us": "/welθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "财富；富有",
    "en": "a large amount of money and valuable possessions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大量；丰富",
    "en": "a large supply of something useful or valuable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His wealth allowed him to buy a spacious house.",
    "zh": "他的财富使他能够买下一栋宽敞的房子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A fairer distribution of wealth could improve access to education and reduce inequality across society.",
    "zh": "更公平地分配财富可以改善受教育机会，并减少社会不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "accumulate wealth｜积累财富",
   "distribution of wealth｜财富分配",
   "a wealth of experience｜丰富的经验"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wealthy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "riches"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "poverty"
  ],
  "tip": "wealth通常不可数；a wealth of表示大量有价值的事物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wealth"
 },
 {
  "w": "reduction",
  "uk": "/rɪˈdʌkʃən/",
  "us": "/rɪˈdʌkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "减少；降低；缩小",
    "en": "a decrease in the amount, size, or level of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop offered a generous reduction on winter coats.",
    "zh": "这家店的冬季大衣大幅降价了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A substantial reduction in food waste could lower household costs and reduce pressure on landfill sites.",
    "zh": "大幅减少食物浪费可以降低家庭开支，并减轻垃圾填埋场的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a reduction in costs｜成本的降低",
   "a significant reduction｜显著减少",
   "emission reductions｜排放量的减少",
   "price reduction｜降价"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reduce (v.)",
   "reduced (adj.)",
   "reducible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "decrease",
   "decline",
   "cut"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "increase",
   "rise"
  ],
  "tip": "reduction in接减少的项目，of可接减少的幅度。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reduction"
 },
 {
  "w": "vary",
  "uk": "/ˈveəri/",
  "us": "/ˈveri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "有差异；变化",
    "en": "To differ or change depending on circumstances."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "改变；使多样化",
    "en": "To change something or introduce different kinds."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Bus fares vary depending on how far you travel.",
    "zh": "公交车费会随乘车距离而变化。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to affordable housing can vary considerably between regions, affecting where young professionals choose to live.",
    "zh": "各地区获得可负担住房的机会可能差别很大，从而影响年轻职场人士的居住选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vary considerably｜差异很大",
   "vary from place to place｜因地而异",
   "vary according to｜随……而变化",
   "vary your diet｜使饮食多样化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "variation (n.)",
   "variety (n.)",
   "varied (adj.)",
   "variable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "differ",
   "change"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "vary from A to B表示范围；vary in表示某方面不同。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vary"
 },
 {
  "w": "mid-term",
  "uk": "/ˌmɪdˈtɜːm/",
  "us": "/ˌmɪdˈtɝːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "期中的；任期中段的",
    "en": "Happening halfway through an academic term or period in office."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "期中考试",
    "en": "An examination taken halfway through an academic term."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our mid-term exams start after the spring holiday.",
    "zh": "我们的期中考试在春假之后开始。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Mid-term assessments can help teachers identify learning difficulties before students take their final examinations.",
    "zh": "期中测评有助于教师在学生参加期末考试之前发现学习困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mid-term exam｜期中考试",
   "mid-term assessment｜期中测评",
   "mid-term elections｜中期选举"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "term (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "也常写作midterm；作名词指期中考试，多见于美语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mid-term"
 },
 {
  "w": "obligation",
  "uk": "/ˌɒblɪˈɡeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɑːblɪˈɡeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "义务；责任",
    "en": "Something you must do for legal or moral reasons"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You have no obligation to buy anything here.",
    "zh": "你没有义务在这里购买任何东西。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers have a legal obligation to provide safe working conditions and protect employees from preventable harm.",
    "zh": "雇主有法律义务提供安全的工作条件，并保护员工免受可预防的伤害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "legal obligation｜法律义务",
   "moral obligation｜道德义务",
   "fulfil an obligation｜履行义务",
   "under no obligation｜没有义务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "oblige (v.)",
   "obligatory (adj.)",
   "obliged (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "duty",
   "responsibility"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用have an obligation to do，表示有义务做。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obligation"
 },
 {
  "w": "regard",
  "uk": "/rɪˈɡɑːd/",
  "us": "/rɪˈɡɑːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "认为；把……看作",
    "en": "To think of someone or something in a particular way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尊重；关注",
    "en": "Respect for someone or attention to something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "问候；致意",
    "en": "Friendly greetings sent to someone, expressed in the plural."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I regard this little café as my second home.",
    "zh": "我把这家小咖啡馆当作自己的第二个家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policymakers increasingly regard access to reliable internet services as essential for equal participation in modern education.",
    "zh": "政策制定者日益认为，获得可靠的互联网服务对平等参与现代教育至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "regard as｜把……看作",
   "high regard for｜对……的高度尊重",
   "with regard to｜关于",
   "send my regards｜代我问好"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "regarding (prep.)",
   "regardless (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“把A看作B”用regard A as B，不用to be。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "regard"
 },
 {
  "w": "moisture",
  "uk": "/ˈmɔɪstʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈmɔɪstʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水分；湿气",
    "en": "Small amounts of water in the air or a material"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep the lid on so the rice retains its moisture.",
    "zh": "盖好盖子，让米饭保留水分。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting ground cover helps soil retain moisture and reduces the need for irrigation in dry regions.",
    "zh": "种植地被植物有助于土壤保持水分，减少干旱地区对灌溉的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "retain moisture｜保持水分",
   "absorb moisture｜吸收水分",
   "soil moisture｜土壤水分",
   "moisture content｜含水量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "moist (adj.)",
   "moisten (v.)",
   "moisturise (v.)",
   "moisturiser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dampness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dryness"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数；moisture指水分，不等于降雨量。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "moisture"
 },
 {
  "w": "variable",
  "uk": "/ˈveəriəbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈveriəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多变的；可变的",
    "en": "Likely or able to change rather than remain the same."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "变量；可变因素",
    "en": "A quantity or factor that can take different values."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The weather here is too variable for outdoor plans.",
    "zh": "这里天气太多变，不好安排户外活动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must control other variables when investigating how class size affects students' progress in primary education.",
    "zh": "研究班级规模如何影响小学生的学习进步时，研究人员必须控制其他变量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "variable costs｜可变成本",
   "variable weather｜多变的天气",
   "independent variable｜自变量",
   "dependent variable｜因变量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vary (v.)",
   "variation (n.)",
   "variability (n.)",
   "invariable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "changeable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "constant",
   "fixed"
  ],
  "tip": "作形容词指可变的；作可数名词指变量。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "variable"
 },
 {
  "w": "statistic",
  "uk": "/stəˈtɪstɪk/",
  "us": "/stəˈtɪstɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一项统计数据",
    "en": "A numerical fact obtained by collecting and examining information."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That surprising statistic made us check the survey again.",
    "zh": "那项令人惊讶的统计数据让我们再次核查了调查结果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A single statistic rarely captures the full impact of unemployment on families and their communities.",
    "zh": "单项统计数据很难完整反映失业对家庭及其社区的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "revealing statistic｜说明问题的统计数据",
   "alarming statistic｜令人担忧的统计数据",
   "official statistics｜官方统计数据",
   "unemployment statistics｜失业统计数据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "statistics (n.)",
   "statistical (adj.)",
   "statistically (adv.)",
   "statistician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "statistics表数据用复数谓语，表统计学用单数谓语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "statistic"
 },
 {
  "w": "thoughtful",
  "uk": "/ˈθɔːtfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈθɔːtfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "体贴的；考虑周到的",
    "en": "showing care for other people's needs and feelings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "深思的；沉思的",
    "en": "thinking carefully, or showing careful consideration"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was thoughtful of you to bring an umbrella.",
    "zh": "你带了伞来，真是考虑周到。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Thoughtful urban planning can create public spaces that meet the needs of residents with limited mobility.",
    "zh": "周到的城市规划能够打造满足行动不便居民需求的公共空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thoughtful gesture｜体贴的举动",
   "thoughtful of someone｜某人很体贴",
   "thoughtful consideration｜深思熟虑",
   "thoughtful expression｜沉思的神情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thought (n.)",
   "thoughtfully (adv.)",
   "thoughtfulness (n.)",
   "thoughtless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "considerate",
   "reflective"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "thoughtless",
   "inconsiderate"
  ],
  "tip": "体贴用thoughtful of someone；thoughtful不一定表示忧虑。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thoughtful"
 },
 {
  "w": "terrify",
  "uk": "/ˈterɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈterəfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使极度害怕",
    "en": "To make someone feel extremely frightened."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sudden thunder can terrify our dog during summer storms.",
    "zh": "夏季暴风雨中突如其来的雷声会让我们家的狗非常害怕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Extreme weather events can terrify young children, making clear explanations and reassurance from adults especially important.",
    "zh": "极端天气事件可能让幼童十分恐惧，因此成人的清楚解释和安慰尤为重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "terrify someone｜使某人极度害怕",
   "be terrified of｜非常害怕",
   "be terrified by｜被……吓坏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "terrified (adj.)",
   "terrifying (adj.)",
   "terror (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "frighten",
   "scare"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reassure"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词；terrified形容人，terrifying形容吓人的事物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "terrify"
 },
 {
  "w": "Mediterranean",
  "uk": "/ˌmedɪtəˈreɪniən/",
  "us": "/ˌmedɪtəˈreɪniən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地中海",
    "en": "The sea between southern Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "地中海地区的",
    "en": "Relating to the Mediterranean Sea or the countries around it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sailed across the Mediterranean on a small boat.",
    "zh": "我们乘一艘小船横渡了地中海。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The Mediterranean region faces increasing water shortages as rising temperatures place pressure on agriculture and tourism.",
    "zh": "随着气温上升给农业和旅游业带来压力，地中海地区面临日益严重的缺水问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the Mediterranean Sea｜地中海",
   "Mediterranean climate｜地中海气候",
   "Mediterranean diet｜地中海饮食"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作海域名称时通常用the Mediterranean，首字母大写。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mediterranean"
 },
 {
  "w": "prefix",
  "uk": "/ˈpriːfɪks/",
  "us": "/ˈpriːfɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "前缀",
    "en": "A word part added at the beginning to change meaning."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Adding the prefix un turns happy into its opposite.",
    "zh": "加上前缀un，就能把happy变成它的反义词。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning common prefixes can help students infer the meanings of unfamiliar words when reading academic texts.",
    "zh": "学习常见前缀可以帮助学生在阅读学术文本时推断生词的含义。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "negative prefix｜否定前缀",
   "add a prefix｜添加前缀",
   "common prefixes｜常见前缀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prefixation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "suffix"
  ],
  "tip": "prefix放词首，suffix放词尾；两者统称affix。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prefix"
 },
 {
  "w": "likelihood",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪklihʊd/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪklihʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可能性",
    "en": "the chance that something will happen"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dark clouds increased the likelihood of rain this afternoon.",
    "zh": "乌云增加了今天下午下雨的可能性。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular physical activity can reduce the likelihood of developing certain health conditions later in life.",
    "zh": "经常进行体育活动可以降低晚年患上某些疾病的可能性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the likelihood of｜……的可能性",
   "increase the likelihood｜增加可能性",
   "reduce the likelihood｜降低可能性",
   "in all likelihood｜十有八九"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "likely (adj.)",
   "unlikely (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "probability",
   "chance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用likelihood of doing或likelihood that从句。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "likelihood"
 },
 {
  "w": "broadcast",
  "uk": "/ˈbrɔːdkɑːst/",
  "us": "/ˈbrɔːdkæst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "广播；播送",
    "en": "To transmit programmes through radio, television, or the internet."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "广播节目；播出",
    "en": "A programme transmitted through radio, television, or the internet."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The station broadcasts local news every morning before breakfast.",
    "zh": "这家电台每天早晨早餐前播报本地新闻。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public television should broadcast educational programmes that help children understand science and develop an interest in learning.",
    "zh": "公共电视台应播出教育节目，帮助儿童理解科学并培养学习兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "broadcast live｜现场直播",
   "news broadcast｜新闻广播",
   "broadcast a programme｜播出节目"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "broadcaster (n.)",
   "broadcasting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "transmit",
   "air"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词通常都为broadcast。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "broadcast"
 },
 {
  "w": "slang",
  "uk": "/slæŋ/",
  "us": "/slæŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "俚语",
    "en": "very informal words used by particular groups of people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My younger cousin uses slang I cannot understand.",
    "zh": "我年纪较小的表弟会用一些我听不懂的俚语。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although slang can strengthen group identity, excessive use may create barriers between speakers from different generations.",
    "zh": "虽然俚语能增强群体认同，但过度使用可能造成不同代际说话者之间的沟通障碍。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "use slang｜使用俚语",
   "a slang term｜一个俚语词",
   "internet slang｜网络俚语"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；一个俚语表达用a slang term。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slang"
 },
 {
  "w": "obtain",
  "uk": "/əbˈteɪn/",
  "us": "/əbˈteɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "获得；取得",
    "en": "To get something, especially through effort or a formal process."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can obtain a replacement key from the landlord.",
    "zh": "你可以从房东那里拿到一把替换钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must obtain informed consent from participants before collecting personal data for a scientific study.",
    "zh": "研究人员在为科学研究收集个人数据之前，必须取得参与者的知情同意。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "obtain permission｜获得许可",
   "obtain information｜获取信息",
   "obtain a qualification｜取得资格",
   "obtain consent｜取得同意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "obtainable (adj.)",
   "unobtainable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "get",
   "acquire",
   "secure"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比get正式；常用obtain sth from sb或某机构。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obtain"
 },
 {
  "w": "emission",
  "uk": "/ɪˈmɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪˈmɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "排放物；排放量",
    "en": "A substance released into the environment, especially a polluting gas."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "排放；发出",
    "en": "The process of releasing gas, heat, light, or other energy."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic checked my car's emissions this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，修理工检查了我汽车的尾气排放。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments can reduce carbon emissions by investing in renewable energy and improving public transport networks.",
    "zh": "政府可以通过投资可再生能源和改善公共交通网络来减少碳排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "carbon emissions｜碳排放",
   "exhaust emissions｜尾气排放",
   "reduce emissions｜减少排放",
   "emission standards｜排放标准"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "emit (v.)",
   "emitter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指废气或排放量常用复数emissions；动词是emit。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "emission"
 },
 {
  "w": "outstanding",
  "uk": "/aʊtˈstændɪŋ/",
  "us": "/aʊtˈstændɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "杰出的；出色的",
    "en": "Extremely good and much better than average."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "尚未处理的；未偿付的",
    "en": "Not yet completed, settled, or paid."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The young pianist gave an outstanding performance last night.",
    "zh": "那位年轻钢琴家昨晚的演奏十分出色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should recognise outstanding teaching as well as research when deciding which staff members to promote.",
    "zh": "大学决定晋升哪些教职员工时，应同时认可出色的教学和科研表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "outstanding achievement｜杰出成就",
   "outstanding performance｜出色表现",
   "outstanding debt｜未偿债务",
   "outstanding issues｜尚未解决的问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "outstandingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "excellent",
   "exceptional"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "mediocre"
  ],
  "tip": "outstanding debt指未偿债务，不是“出色的债务”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outstanding"
 },
 {
  "w": "evil",
  "uk": "/ˈiː.vəl/",
  "us": "/ˈiː.vəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "邪恶的；恶毒的",
    "en": "morally very bad and deliberately causing harm"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "邪恶；罪恶；祸害",
    "en": "serious moral wrongdoing or something that causes great harm"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "In the story, an evil wizard steals everyone's dreams.",
    "zh": "故事里，一个邪恶的巫师偷走了所有人的梦。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Literature often explores the conflict between good and evil through characters who face difficult moral choices.",
    "zh": "文学作品常通过面临艰难道德选择的人物，探讨善与恶的冲突。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "good and evil｜善与恶",
   "an evil intention｜恶意",
   "a necessary evil｜不得已接受的坏事"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "wicked"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "good"
  ],
  "tip": "比bad语气强得多，通常涉及严重的道德恶行。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "evil"
 },
 {
  "w": "poker",
  "uk": "/ˈpəʊkə/",
  "us": "/ˈpoʊkər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "扑克游戏",
    "en": "A card game involving bets on the strength of players' hands."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拨火棍",
    "en": "A metal rod used to move fuel in a fire."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We played poker with plastic counters after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，我们用塑料筹码玩扑克。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers study poker to understand how people make decisions when information is incomplete and outcomes are uncertain.",
    "zh": "研究人员通过研究扑克，了解人们在信息不完整、结果不确定时如何作出决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play poker｜玩扑克",
   "poker face｜不露声色的面孔",
   "a fireplace poker｜壁炉拨火棍"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "poker是特定扑克游戏，不泛指所有纸牌。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "poker"
 },
 {
  "w": "suicide",
  "uk": "/ˈsuːɪsaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈsuːɪsaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自杀；自杀行为",
    "en": "The act of intentionally causing one's own death."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our local centre offers free workshops on suicide prevention.",
    "zh": "我们当地的中心提供免费的自杀预防讲习班。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Suicide prevention requires accessible mental health services, supportive communities, and responsible reporting in the media.",
    "zh": "自杀预防需要便捷可及的心理健康服务、相互支持的社区以及负责任的媒体报道。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "suicide prevention｜自杀预防",
   "suicide risk｜自杀风险",
   "die by suicide｜死于自杀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suicidal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "中性表达常用die by suicide，避免污名化。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suicide"
 },
 {
  "w": "investigation",
  "uk": "/ɪnˌvestɪˈɡeɪʃn/",
  "us": "/ɪnˌvestɪˈɡeɪʃn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "调查；查明",
    "en": "a careful effort to discover facts about an event or problem"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "研究；探究",
    "en": "a systematic study intended to increase knowledge about a subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An investigation revealed why the kitchen ceiling was leaking.",
    "zh": "一项调查查明了厨房天花板漏水的原因。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An independent investigation into river pollution could help authorities identify its causes and prevent further environmental damage.",
    "zh": "对河流污染开展独立调查，可帮助有关部门查明原因并防止环境进一步受损。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conduct an investigation｜开展调查",
   "launch an investigation｜启动调查",
   "an investigation into｜对……的调查",
   "under investigation｜正在接受调查"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "investigate (v.)",
   "investigator (n.)",
   "investigative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inquiry",
   "examination"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "调查某事用investigation into；under investigation指正被调查。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "investigation"
 },
 {
  "w": "agreeable",
  "uk": "/əˈɡriːəbəl/",
  "us": "/əˈɡriːəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人愉快的；宜人的",
    "en": "pleasant and enjoyable"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "愿意同意的",
    "en": "willing to accept or agree to something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent an agreeable afternoon chatting in the garden.",
    "zh": "我们在花园里聊天，度过了一个愉快的下午。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees may be more agreeable to organisational changes when managers explain the benefits and address their concerns.",
    "zh": "如果管理者解释好处并回应员工的顾虑，员工可能会更愿意接受组织变革。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "agreeable weather｜宜人的天气",
   "agreeable company｜令人愉快的陪伴",
   "agreeable to a proposal｜赞同某项提议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "agree (v.)",
   "agreement (n.)",
   "agreeably (adv.)",
   "disagreeable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pleasant",
   "willing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disagreeable",
   "unpleasant"
  ],
  "tip": "be agreeable to sth表示愿意接受某事，语气较正式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "agreeable"
 },
 {
  "w": "encyclopaedia",
  "uk": "/ɪnˌsaɪ.kləˈpiː.di.ə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˌsaɪ.kləˈpiː.di.ə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "百科全书",
    "en": "A reference work containing information about many subjects or one field"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a dinosaur picture in the encyclopaedia.",
    "zh": "我们在百科全书里找到了一张恐龙图片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An online encyclopaedia provides a useful starting point for research, but students should verify information using reliable sources.",
    "zh": "在线百科全书为研究提供了有用的起点，但学生应通过可靠来源核实信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "online encyclopaedia｜在线百科全书",
   "an encyclopaedia entry｜一篇百科全书条目",
   "consult an encyclopaedia｜查阅百科全书"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "encyclopaedic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写；美式通常写作encyclopedia。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "encyclopaedia"
 },
 {
  "w": "paraphrase",
  "uk": "/ˈpærəfreɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈpærəfreɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用自己的话改述",
    "en": "Express the same meaning using different words."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "改述；释义",
    "en": "A version expressing the same meaning in different words."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you paraphrase that explanation so I can understand?",
    "zh": "你能换种说法解释一下，让我听懂吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should learn to paraphrase sources accurately while acknowledging the original authors in their academic writing.",
    "zh": "学生应学会在学术写作中准确改述资料内容，同时注明原作者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "paraphrase a passage｜改述一段文字",
   "accurate paraphrase｜准确的改述",
   "paraphrase in your own words｜用自己的话改述"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "paraphrasing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rephrase",
   "restate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "改述须保留原意；summarize则侧重概括要点。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "paraphrase"
 },
 {
  "w": "alliance",
  "uk": "/əˈlaɪəns/",
  "us": "/əˈlaɪəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "联盟；同盟",
    "en": "A partnership between groups or countries pursuing shared goals."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The two clubs formed an alliance to save the pool.",
    "zh": "这两家俱乐部结成联盟，力图保住游泳池。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An international alliance can help countries coordinate their responses to environmental threats that cross national borders.",
    "zh": "国际联盟可以帮助各国协调应对跨越国界的环境威胁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "form an alliance｜结成联盟",
   "strategic alliance｜战略联盟",
   "military alliance｜军事同盟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ally (n.)",
   "ally (v.)",
   "allied (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "coalition",
   "partnership"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用form an alliance with，表示“与……结盟”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alliance"
 },
 {
  "w": "ecology",
  "uk": "/iˈkɒlədʒi/",
  "us": "/iˈkɑːlədʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生态学",
    "en": "The study of relationships between living things and their environment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生态；生态关系",
    "en": "The relationships between living things and their environment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister studies ecology and often visits local wetlands.",
    "zh": "我姐姐学习生态学，经常去当地湿地考察。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Understanding forest ecology can help governments protect wildlife while managing natural resources more effectively.",
    "zh": "了解森林生态有助于政府在更有效地管理自然资源的同时保护野生动物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "marine ecology｜海洋生态学",
   "forest ecology｜森林生态学",
   "study ecology｜研究生态学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ecological (adj.)",
   "ecologist (n.)",
   "ecologically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ecology指生态学或生态关系，不等于environment。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ecology"
 },
 {
  "w": "fin",
  "uk": "/fɪn/",
  "us": "/fɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鱼鳍；鳍状物",
    "en": "a flat body part or structure aiding movement or stability"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "潜水脚蹼",
    "en": "a flat rubber covering worn on a foot for swimming"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spotted a shark's fin just above the water.",
    "zh": "我们看见一个鲨鱼鳍刚刚露出水面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Changes in fin shape can affect how efficiently fish move through different aquatic environments.",
    "zh": "鱼鳍形状的变化会影响鱼类在不同水生环境中的游动效率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dorsal fin｜背鳍",
   "tail fin｜尾鳍；尾翼",
   "shark fin｜鲨鱼鳍",
   "diving fins｜潜水脚蹼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "finned (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指潜水脚蹼时常用复数fins。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fin"
 },
 {
  "w": "postal",
  "uk": "/ˈpəʊstəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpoʊstəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "邮政的；邮递的",
    "en": "Relating to the system of collecting and delivering mail."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The postal worker left a parcel by our door.",
    "zh": "邮递员把一个包裹放在了我们门边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable postal services remain essential for rural communities where internet access is limited or unavailable.",
    "zh": "对于互联网接入有限或无法联网的农村社区，可靠的邮政服务仍然至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "postal services｜邮政服务",
   "a postal worker｜邮政工作人员",
   "a postal address｜邮寄地址",
   "a postal code｜邮政编码"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "post (n.)",
   "post (v.)",
   "postage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "postal是形容词；邮费用名词postage。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "postal"
 },
 {
  "w": "aside",
  "uk": "/əˈsaɪd/",
  "us": "/əˈsaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "到一旁；在旁边",
    "en": "to or at one side, away from the main position"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "暂且不论；留着备用",
    "en": "away from current consideration or use"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旁白；低声插话；题外话",
    "en": "a quiet remark or comment outside the main conversation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She stepped aside to let the cyclist pass.",
    "zh": "她走到一旁，让骑自行车的人过去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should set aside sufficient funds for maintaining public parks, rather than focusing solely on new construction.",
    "zh": "政府应留出足够的资金维护公园，而不是只关注新建项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "step aside｜让到一旁",
   "set aside funds｜留出资金",
   "put differences aside｜暂时搁置分歧",
   "aside from｜除……以外"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "aside通常是副词；“除……以外”用aside from。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aside"
 },
 {
  "w": "unsatisfactory",
  "uk": "/ˌʌnsætɪsˈfæktəri/",
  "us": "/ˌʌnsætɪsˈfæktəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不令人满意的；不合格的",
    "en": "Not good enough to meet expectations or requirements."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The repair was unsatisfactory, so I called the mechanic again.",
    "zh": "维修效果不理想，所以我又给修理工打了电话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unsatisfactory housing conditions can negatively affect children's health and their ability to concentrate at school.",
    "zh": "不良的居住条件可能损害儿童健康，并影响他们在学校集中注意力的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unsatisfactory results｜不理想的结果",
   "unsatisfactory performance｜不合格的表现",
   "unsatisfactory conditions｜不良条件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "satisfactory (adj.)",
   "satisfaction (n.)",
   "satisfy (v.)",
   "unsatisfactorily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inadequate",
   "unacceptable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "satisfactory"
  ],
  "tip": "形容事物不够好；人的不满用dissatisfied。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unsatisfactory"
 },
 {
  "w": "equip",
  "uk": "/ɪˈkwɪp/",
  "us": "/ɪˈkwɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "装备；配备",
    "en": "To provide someone or something with necessary tools or equipment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使具备知识或能力",
    "en": "To give someone the skills or knowledge they need"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We equipped our bikes with lights before riding home.",
    "zh": "骑车回家前，我们给自行车装上了车灯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should equip students with practical financial skills so they can manage their money confidently as adults.",
    "zh": "学校应让学生掌握实用的理财技能，以便他们成年后能够自信地管理财务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "equip something with｜为某物配备",
   "equip students with skills｜使学生掌握技能",
   "fully equipped kitchen｜设备齐全的厨房"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "equipment (n.)",
   "equipped (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "outfit",
   "prepare"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用equip A with B；过去式equipped双写p。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "equip"
 },
 {
  "w": "slum",
  "uk": "/slʌm/",
  "us": "/slʌm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "贫民窟",
    "en": "a poor urban area with overcrowded housing in bad condition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their family shared a small room in a crowded slum.",
    "zh": "他们一家挤住在拥挤贫民窟里的一间小屋中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving sanitation and access to clean water can significantly reduce disease in densely populated slums.",
    "zh": "改善卫生设施和清洁水源的获取条件，可以显著减少人口密集的贫民窟中的疾病。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "slum housing｜贫民窟住房",
   "slum residents｜贫民窟居民",
   "slum clearance｜贫民窟清拆"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指居住条件差的城区，不等于所有低收入社区。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slum"
 },
 {
  "w": "outdated",
  "uk": "/ˌaʊtˈdeɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/ˌaʊtˈdeɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "过时的；陈旧的",
    "en": "No longer useful or suitable because things have changed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This outdated map doesn't show the new train station.",
    "zh": "这张过时的地图没有标出新火车站。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hospitals need adequate funding to replace outdated equipment and provide safer, more effective treatment for patients.",
    "zh": "医院需要充足的资金来更换陈旧设备，为患者提供更安全、更有效的治疗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "outdated equipment｜陈旧设备",
   "outdated information｜过时的信息",
   "outdated attitudes｜陈旧观念"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "outdate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "obsolete",
   "outmoded"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "up-to-date",
   "current"
  ],
  "tip": "强调因时代变化而不再适用，不只是年代久远。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outdated"
 },
 {
  "w": "blossom",
  "uk": "/ˈblɒsəm/",
  "us": "/ˈblɑːsəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "树木的花；花簇",
    "en": "a flower or mass of flowers on a tree or bush"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开花",
    "en": "to produce flowers"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发展；兴盛",
    "en": "to develop successfully or become more confident"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Pink blossom covered the cherry tree outside our kitchen.",
    "zh": "厨房外的樱桃树开满了粉红色的花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Creative talent can blossom when schools provide supportive teaching and regular opportunities for artistic expression.",
    "zh": "学校提供支持性的教学和经常性的艺术表达机会时，创造性才能便能蓬勃发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cherry blossom｜樱花",
   "in blossom｜正在开花",
   "blossom into｜发展成为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blossoming (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bloom",
   "flower"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "wither"
  ],
  "tip": "多指树木的花；blossom into可比喻成长为。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blossom"
 },
 {
  "w": "ambitious",
  "uk": "/æmˈbɪʃəs/",
  "us": "/æmˈbɪʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有抱负的；雄心勃勃的",
    "en": "strongly wanting to achieve success"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "宏大的；艰巨的",
    "en": "requiring considerable effort or resources to succeed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My ambitious sister hopes to run her own bakery.",
    "zh": "我那有抱负的姐姐希望经营自己的面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The city has announced an ambitious plan to replace all diesel buses with electric vehicles within a decade.",
    "zh": "该市宣布了一项宏大的计划，要在十年内将所有柴油公交车更换为电动车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ambitious goals｜宏大的目标",
   "ambitious plan｜雄心勃勃的计划",
   "highly ambitious｜极有抱负的",
   "ambitious young people｜有抱负的年轻人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ambition (n.)",
   "ambitiously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "aspiring"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unambitious"
  ],
  "tip": "形容人指有抱负；形容计划则强调目标宏大、难度高。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ambitious"
 },
 {
  "w": "fulfil",
  "uk": "/fʊlˈfɪl/",
  "us": "/fʊlˈfɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "履行；完成",
    "en": "to do what a duty, promise, or agreement requires"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "满足；符合",
    "en": "to provide what is needed or meet a requirement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "实现",
    "en": "to achieve something hoped for or develop an ability fully"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She fulfilled her promise and repaired my bicycle.",
    "zh": "她履行了承诺，修好了我的自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries fulfil an important social role by providing free access to information and learning resources.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆通过免费提供信息和学习资源，发挥着重要的社会作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fulfil a promise｜履行承诺",
   "fulfil requirements｜满足要求",
   "fulfil your potential｜发挥潜能",
   "fulfil a dream｜实现梦想"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fulfilment (n.)",
   "fulfilling (adj.)",
   "unfulfilled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式fulfil，美式fulfill；过去式均为fulfilled。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fulfil"
 },
 {
  "w": "specialist",
  "uk": "/ˈspeʃəlɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈspeʃəlɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专家；专科医生",
    "en": "Someone with detailed knowledge or training in a particular field."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "专业的；专门的",
    "en": "Connected with a particular field requiring special knowledge."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My doctor sent me to a skin specialist.",
    "zh": "我的医生让我去看皮肤科专科医生。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should employ a specialist to support children who have difficulties with language development.",
    "zh": "学校应聘请专家，为语言发展有困难的儿童提供支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a specialist in｜某领域的专家",
   "see a specialist｜看专科医生",
   "specialist knowledge｜专业知识",
   "specialist training｜专业培训"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "specialise (v.)",
   "specialisation (n.)",
   "specialised (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "expert"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词后接in表示专长领域；形容词常修饰knowledge。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "specialist"
 },
 {
  "w": "fatal",
  "uk": "/ˈfeɪtəl/",
  "us": "/ˈfeɪtəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "致命的",
    "en": "Causing someone's death."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "毁灭性的；导致失败的",
    "en": "Causing something to fail completely."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These wild mushrooms can be fatal if you eat them.",
    "zh": "这些野生蘑菇吃了可能会致命。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Lower speed limits near schools can reduce the risk of fatal accidents involving pedestrians and cyclists.",
    "zh": "降低学校附近的限速可以减少涉及行人和骑车人的致命事故风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fatal accident｜致命事故",
   "fatal injury｜致命伤",
   "fatal flaw｜致命缺陷",
   "prove fatal｜最终致命"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fatally (adv.)",
   "fatality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deadly",
   "lethal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "non-fatal"
  ],
  "tip": "fatal强调致死或导致失败；fateful指影响重大的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fatal"
 },
 {
  "w": "novelist",
  "uk": "/ˈnɒvəlɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈnɑːvəlɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小说家",
    "en": "A person who writes novels."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The novelist spends every morning writing at her kitchen table.",
    "zh": "这位小说家每天上午都在厨房的桌边写作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A skilled novelist can reveal social inequalities through characters whose experiences differ greatly from those of readers.",
    "zh": "技艺娴熟的小说家可以通过经历与读者大不相同的人物，揭示社会不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "historical novelist｜历史小说家",
   "bestselling novelist｜畅销小说作家",
   "aspiring novelist｜立志成为小说家的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "novel (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fiction writer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "novelist通常指长篇小说作家，novel是长篇小说。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "novelist"
 },
 {
  "w": "fossil",
  "uk": "/ˈfɒsəl/",
  "us": "/ˈfɑːsəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "化石",
    "en": "Ancient remains or traces of living things preserved in rock."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a tiny shell fossil inside the rock.",
    "zh": "我们在岩石里发现了一枚小小的贝壳化石。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fossil evidence helps scientists understand how animals adapted to environmental changes over millions of years.",
    "zh": "化石证据帮助科学家了解动物在数百万年间如何适应环境变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fossil fuels｜化石燃料",
   "fossil record｜化石记录",
   "fossil evidence｜化石证据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fossilise (v.)",
   "fossilisation (n.)",
   "fossilised (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fossil fuels指煤、石油、天然气等化石燃料。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fossil"
 },
 {
  "w": "eyesight",
  "uk": "/ˈaɪsaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈaɪsaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "视力",
    "en": "The ability to see"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather still has excellent eyesight without wearing glasses.",
    "zh": "我祖父不戴眼镜，视力仍然很好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular eye examinations can identify conditions that may damage eyesight if they are left untreated.",
    "zh": "定期眼科检查能发现一些疾病，这些疾病若不治疗，可能会损害视力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "poor eyesight｜视力差",
   "good eyesight｜视力好",
   "damage your eyesight｜损害视力"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "vision",
   "sight"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "eyesight是不可数名词，不说an eyesight。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eyesight"
 },
 {
  "w": "flaw",
  "uk": "/flɔː/",
  "us": "/flɔː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缺陷；瑕疵",
    "en": "a fault that makes something imperfect or less effective"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使有缺陷；损害",
    "en": "to damage something or make it imperfect"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I noticed a tiny flaw in the glass bowl.",
    "zh": "我发现玻璃碗上有一处小瑕疵。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A major flaw in the research design makes its conclusions about student performance less reliable.",
    "zh": "研究设计中的一项重大缺陷降低了其关于学生表现的结论的可靠性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fundamental flaw｜根本缺陷",
   "a design flaw｜设计缺陷",
   "a fatal flaw｜致命缺陷",
   "a flaw in the argument｜论证中的漏洞"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flawed (adj.)",
   "flawless (adj.)",
   "flawlessly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "defect",
   "fault",
   "imperfection"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；某物的缺陷常用a flaw in sth。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flaw"
 },
 {
  "w": "overdue",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈdjuː/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvərˈduː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "逾期的；延误的",
    "en": "Not paid, returned, or completed by the expected time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "早该发生的",
    "en": "Needed or deserved much earlier than now."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I found an overdue library book under my bed.",
    "zh": "我在床底下发现了一本逾期未还的图书馆藏书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in rural public transport is long overdue, as many residents still lack reliable services.",
    "zh": "农村公共交通早就该得到投资，因为许多居民至今仍缺乏可靠的交通服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an overdue payment｜逾期款项",
   "an overdue library book｜逾期未还的图书馆书籍",
   "long overdue｜早就该有的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "due (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "late"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "long overdue强调“早就该有或该做”，不只是迟到。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overdue"
 },
 {
  "w": "instruct",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈstrʌkt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈstrʌkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "指示；命令",
    "en": "formally tell someone to do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "教授；指导",
    "en": "teach someone a skill or explain how to do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The guide instructed us to stay on the path.",
    "zh": "导游指示我们不要离开小路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should instruct students in basic first aid so they can respond safely during emergencies.",
    "zh": "学校应教授学生基本急救知识，让他们能在紧急情况下安全应对。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "instruct someone to do something｜指示某人做某事",
   "instruct someone in something｜教授某人某方面知识",
   "instruct staff｜向员工下达指示"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "instruction (n.)",
   "instructor (n.)",
   "instructional (adj.)",
   "instructive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "direct",
   "teach"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "instruct sb to do是指示；instruct sb in是教授。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "instruct"
 },
 {
  "w": "urban",
  "uk": "/ˈɜːbən/",
  "us": "/ˈɝːbən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "城市的；城镇的",
    "en": "Relating to cities or towns rather than the countryside."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our urban garden sits between two tall apartment buildings.",
    "zh": "我们的城市花园位于两栋高层公寓楼之间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid urban growth can increase pressure on public transport, housing, and essential services.",
    "zh": "城市的快速发展可能加重公共交通、住房及基本服务的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "urban development｜城市发展",
   "urban areas｜城市地区",
   "urban planning｜城市规划",
   "urban population｜城市人口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "urbanisation (n.)",
   "urbanise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "rural"
  ],
  "tip": "urban指城镇的，rural指乡村的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "urban"
 },
 {
  "w": "announcer",
  "uk": "/əˈnaʊnsə/",
  "us": "/əˈnaʊnsər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "播音员；现场广播员",
    "en": "Someone who presents information on broadcasts or at public events"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The announcer reminded passengers to keep their bags nearby.",
    "zh": "广播员提醒乘客把行李放在身边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A skilled announcer can make emergency broadcasts clearer, helping the public respond calmly and appropriately.",
    "zh": "训练有素的播音员能让紧急广播更加清晰，帮助公众冷静、恰当地应对。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "radio announcer｜电台播音员",
   "television announcer｜电视播音员",
   "stadium announcer｜体育场现场广播员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "announce (v.)",
   "announcement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "announcer负责播报；journalist侧重新闻采访。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "announcer"
 },
 {
  "w": "flatten",
  "uk": "/ˈflætn/",
  "us": "/ˈflætn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弄平；变平",
    "en": "to make something flat or become flat"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "摧毁；夷为平地",
    "en": "to destroy something so that it falls to the ground"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Flatten the dough gently with the palm of your hand.",
    "zh": "用手掌轻轻把面团压平。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Developers sometimes flatten existing buildings rather than renovate them, increasing construction waste and destroying local heritage.",
    "zh": "开发商有时会拆平现有建筑而非翻修，增加建筑垃圾并破坏当地遗产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flatten the dough｜压平面团",
   "flatten a building｜夷平建筑",
   "flatten out｜趋于平稳"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flat (adj.)",
   "flatness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "level",
   "smooth"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "raise"
  ],
  "tip": "flatten out也可指价格、曲线等趋于平稳。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flatten"
 },
 {
  "w": "invoice",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnvɔɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnvɔɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发票；付款清单",
    "en": "a document listing goods or services and the payment required"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "向……开具发票",
    "en": "to send someone a document requesting payment for goods or services"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The plumber emailed an invoice after fixing our sink.",
    "zh": "水管工修好我们的水槽后，通过电子邮件发来了付款清单。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses benefit from digital systems that track each invoice and remind customers when payments are due.",
    "zh": "小企业可以从追踪每张发票并提醒客户按时付款的数字系统中受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "issue an invoice｜开具发票",
   "pay an invoice｜支付发票款项",
   "an outstanding invoice｜尚未结清的发票",
   "invoice someone for something｜就某项费用向某人开票"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "invoicing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bill"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "invoice 通常用于要求付款；receipt 是已付款的收据。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "invoice"
 },
 {
  "w": "scholarship",
  "uk": "/ˈskɒləʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈskɑːlərʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奖学金",
    "en": "Money awarded to help someone pay for their studies."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学术研究；学问",
    "en": "Serious academic study or the knowledge gained through it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A scholarship helped Ravi pay for his university course.",
    "zh": "一笔奖学金帮助拉维支付了大学课程的费用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should offer more scholarships to talented applicants from families with limited financial resources.",
    "zh": "大学应为经济条件有限的家庭中有才华的申请者提供更多奖学金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "win a scholarship｜获得奖学金",
   "full scholarship｜全额奖学金",
   "academic scholarship｜学术研究"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scholar (n.)",
   "scholarly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指奖学金时可数；指学问或学术研究时不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scholarship"
 },
 {
  "w": "media",
  "uk": "/ˈmiːdiə/",
  "us": "/ˈmiːdiə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大众传播媒介；媒体",
    "en": "Organisations and channels that provide news and information publicly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The local media reported on our neighbourhood festival.",
    "zh": "当地媒体报道了我们社区的节日活动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The media can influence public attitudes by deciding which environmental issues receive the most attention.",
    "zh": "媒体可以通过决定重点关注哪些环境问题来影响公众态度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mass media｜大众传媒",
   "media coverage｜媒体报道",
   "social media｜社交媒体",
   "the media｜新闻媒体"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "medium (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "统称新闻媒体常用the media；单一媒介用medium。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "media"
 },
 {
  "w": "commander",
  "uk": "/kəˈmɑːndə/",
  "us": "/kəˈmændər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "指挥官",
    "en": "an officer responsible for directing a military unit or operation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The commander asked the crew to check their equipment.",
    "zh": "指挥官要求队员检查装备。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During disaster relief operations, the military commander coordinated transport to deliver essential supplies to isolated communities.",
    "zh": "在救灾行动中，军事指挥官协调运输，向与外界隔绝的社区运送必需物资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "military commander｜军事指挥官",
   "naval commander｜海军指挥官",
   "commander-in-chief｜总司令"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "command (v.)",
   "command (n.)",
   "commanding (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指指挥官；作具体军衔时，级别因国家而异。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commander"
 },
 {
  "w": "fury",
  "uk": "/ˈfjʊəri/",
  "us": "/ˈfjʊri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狂怒；暴怒",
    "en": "An extremely strong feeling of anger."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "猛烈；狂暴",
    "en": "Extreme force or violence, especially in weather."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He shook with fury when he discovered the damage.",
    "zh": "发现东西遭到损坏时，他气得浑身发抖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The sudden closure of the local hospital provoked fury among residents who depended on its services.",
    "zh": "当地医院突然关闭，激起了依赖其服务的居民的强烈愤怒。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shake with fury｜气得发抖",
   "provoke fury｜激起暴怒",
   "the fury of the storm｜风暴的猛烈"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "furious (adj.)",
   "furiously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rage",
   "anger"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm"
  ],
  "tip": "比anger语气强；in a fury表示“勃然大怒”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fury"
 },
 {
  "w": "portable",
  "uk": "/ˈpɔːtəbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpɔːrtəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "便携式的；轻便的",
    "en": "Easy to carry or move from place to place"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took a portable speaker to the picnic.",
    "zh": "我们带了一个便携式音箱去野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Portable medical equipment enables healthcare workers to provide essential services in remote rural communities.",
    "zh": "便携式医疗设备使医护人员能够在偏远农村社区提供基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "portable device｜便携设备",
   "portable charger｜便携式充电器",
   "portable equipment｜便携式设备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "portability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "fixed"
  ],
  "tip": "强调容易携带或移动，不一定能放进口袋。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "portable"
 },
 {
  "w": "reign",
  "uk": "/reɪn/",
  "us": "/reɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "君主统治时期",
    "en": "the period when a king or queen rules"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "当政；统治",
    "en": "to rule as a king or queen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "盛行；占主导地位",
    "en": "to be the strongest or most noticeable condition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This castle was built during a young queen's reign.",
    "zh": "这座城堡建于一位年轻女王在位期间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During the king's reign, investment in public libraries made education more accessible to ordinary citizens.",
    "zh": "在这位国王统治期间，对公共图书馆的投入让普通民众更容易获得教育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "during the reign of｜在……统治期间",
   "a long reign｜漫长的统治时期",
   "reign supreme｜占绝对优势",
   "chaos reigns｜混乱笼罩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reigning (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rule"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与rain同音；reign指统治，rein指缰绳。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reign"
 },
 {
  "w": "bruise",
  "uk": "/bruːz/",
  "us": "/bruːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "淤青；挫伤",
    "en": "A dark mark caused by bleeding under the skin."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使淤青；碰伤",
    "en": "To injure skin or fruit without breaking its surface."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I have a purple bruise on my knee.",
    "zh": "我的膝盖上有一块紫色的淤青。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Soft fruit can bruise during transport, so producers need packaging that provides adequate protection.",
    "zh": "软质水果在运输中容易碰伤，因此生产者需要使用能提供充分保护的包装。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a nasty bruise｜严重的淤青",
   "bruise easily｜容易淤青",
   "a bruised knee｜淤青的膝盖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bruised (adj.)",
   "bruising (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bruise通常不破皮；cut指割破皮肤的伤口。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bruise"
 },
 {
  "w": "complication",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒmplɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːmplɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "使情况复杂的因素；难题",
    "en": "An extra problem that makes a situation harder to manage"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "并发症",
    "en": "An additional medical problem arising during an illness or treatment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A delayed train added another complication to our journey.",
    "zh": "火车晚点又给我们的旅程添了一个麻烦。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular medical checkups can help detect complications early and improve outcomes for patients with chronic conditions.",
    "zh": "定期体检有助于及早发现并发症，并改善慢性病患者的治疗效果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an unexpected complication｜意外的麻烦",
   "a serious complication｜严重并发症",
   "avoid complications｜避免麻烦或并发症",
   "postoperative complications｜术后并发症"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "complicate (v.)",
   "complicated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指数额外难题，也可指疾病或治疗引起的并发症。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "complication"
 },
 {
  "w": "paw",
  "uk": "/pɔː/",
  "us": "/pɔː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动物的爪；脚掌",
    "en": "the foot of an animal such as a cat or dog"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用爪抓挠；用蹄刨",
    "en": "to scratch or touch something repeatedly with a paw or hoof"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puppy rested one muddy paw on my knee.",
    "zh": "小狗把一只沾满泥的爪子搭在我的膝盖上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban wildlife may suffer paw injuries from broken glass and other waste left in public spaces.",
    "zh": "城市野生动物可能因公共场所遗留的碎玻璃和其他垃圾而导致脚掌受伤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "front paw｜前爪",
   "paw print｜爪印",
   "paw at the door｜用爪子挠门"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "paw指整个脚掌；claw指尖锐的爪或爪甲。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "paw"
 },
 {
  "w": "poke",
  "uk": "/pəʊk/",
  "us": "/poʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "戳；捅",
    "en": "to push a finger or pointed object into something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "伸出；探出",
    "en": "to move or stick out through an opening"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "戳；捅",
    "en": "a quick push with a finger or pointed object"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She poked the dough gently to check its softness.",
    "zh": "她轻轻戳了戳面团，检查它是否柔软。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museum visitors can poke virtual objects on interactive screens to explore scientific concepts through play.",
    "zh": "博物馆游客可以戳点互动屏幕上的虚拟物体，在玩乐中探索科学概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "poke a hole in｜在……上戳洞",
   "poke your head out｜探出头",
   "poke fun at｜取笑"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "prod",
   "jab"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "poke fun at是“取笑”，不是“戳”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "poke"
 },
 {
  "w": "detach",
  "uk": "/dɪˈtætʃ/",
  "us": "/dɪˈtætʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拆下；使分离",
    "en": "to remove or separate something from what it is attached to"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使超然；使摆脱影响",
    "en": "to separate yourself emotionally from a situation or experience"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can detach the hood when the rain stops.",
    "zh": "雨停后，你可以把帽兜拆下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must detach themselves from personal preferences when evaluating evidence to ensure that their conclusions remain reliable.",
    "zh": "研究人员评估证据时必须摆脱个人偏好的影响，以确保结论可靠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "detach from｜从……分离",
   "detach the cable｜拔下连接线",
   "detach yourself from｜使自己超脱于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "detachable (adj.)",
   "detached (adj.)",
   "detachment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disconnect",
   "separate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "attach",
   "connect"
  ],
  "tip": "常用 detach A from B；detachable 指可拆卸的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "detach"
 },
 {
  "w": "relay",
  "uk": "/ˈriːleɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈriːleɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "接力赛",
    "en": "a race in which teammates take turns completing sections"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "转达；转播",
    "en": "to pass information or broadcast signals to another person or place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "继电器",
    "en": "an electrical switch controlled by another electrical circuit"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our team dropped the baton during the school relay.",
    "zh": "我们队在学校接力赛中掉了接力棒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Emergency services relay weather warnings to remote communities through local radio stations and mobile networks.",
    "zh": "应急部门通过地方广播电台和移动网络向偏远社区传达天气警报。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "relay race｜接力赛",
   "relay a message｜传达信息",
   "relay information｜转达信息",
   "electrical relay｜继电器"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词也读/rɪˈleɪ/；relay a message指转达消息。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "relay"
 },
 {
  "w": "gene",
  "uk": "/dʒiːn/",
  "us": "/dʒiːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "基因",
    "en": "A unit of inherited information that influences an organism's characteristics"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This gene can influence the colour of a cat's fur.",
    "zh": "这种基因会影响猫的毛色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Identifying a gene linked to an inherited disease may help researchers develop more effective treatments.",
    "zh": "识别出与某种遗传病相关的基因，可能有助于研究人员开发更有效的治疗方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gene expression｜基因表达",
   "gene therapy｜基因治疗",
   "inherit a gene｜遗传某个基因"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "genetic (adj.)",
   "genetically (adv.)",
   "genetics (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gene是可数名词；genetics指遗传学。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gene"
 },
 {
  "w": "stare",
  "uk": "/steə/",
  "us": "/ster/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "盯着看；凝视",
    "en": "to look at someone or something steadily for a while"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "凝视；注视",
    "en": "a long, fixed look at someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cat stared at a bird outside the window.",
    "zh": "猫盯着窗外的一只鸟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children who stare at screens for long periods may have fewer opportunities for physical activity.",
    "zh": "长时间盯着屏幕的儿童可能较少有机会进行身体活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stare at｜盯着看",
   "stare into space｜出神地望着",
   "a blank stare｜茫然的目光"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "gaze"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "stare at强调长时间盯看；glance at指瞥一眼。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stare"
 },
 {
  "w": "mankind",
  "uk": "/mænˈkaɪnd/",
  "us": "/mænˈkaɪnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人类",
    "en": "all human beings considered as one group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This museum explores how mankind learned to grow food.",
    "zh": "这座博物馆展示人类如何学会种植粮食。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Climate change presents a challenge to mankind that requires sustained cooperation across national borders.",
    "zh": "气候变化给人类带来了挑战，需要各国持续开展跨境合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the future of mankind｜人类的未来",
   "the history of mankind｜人类历史",
   "for the benefit of mankind｜为了人类的福祉"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "humankind",
   "humanity"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指全人类，不指男性；包容性表达可用humankind。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mankind"
 },
 {
  "w": "graceful",
  "uk": "/ˈɡreɪsfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈɡreɪsfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "优雅的；姿态优美的",
    "en": "Moving or shaped in a smooth, attractive way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The swan made a graceful turn across the pond.",
    "zh": "天鹅在池塘水面上优雅地转了个弯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The bridge combines graceful curves with practical engineering, creating an attractive landmark for the city.",
    "zh": "这座桥将优美的曲线与实用的工程设计结合起来，成为城市一道亮丽的地标。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "graceful movements｜优雅的动作",
   "graceful curves｜优美的曲线",
   "a graceful dancer｜舞姿优美的舞者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grace (n.)",
   "gracefully (adv.)",
   "gracefulness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "elegant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "clumsy",
   "awkward"
  ],
  "tip": "graceful多形容姿态优美；gracious多指亲切有礼。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "graceful"
 },
 {
  "w": "closely",
  "uk": "/ˈkləʊsli/",
  "us": "/ˈkloʊsli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "仔细地；严密地",
    "en": "with careful attention to details or changes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "紧密地；密切地",
    "en": "with a strong connection or much cooperation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "近距离地",
    "en": "with little space between people or things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Look closely at this leaf and notice its tiny veins.",
    "zh": "仔细看看这片叶子，留意它细小的叶脉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should closely monitor air quality near schools to protect children from the harmful effects of pollution.",
    "zh": "政府应密切监测学校附近的空气质量，保护儿童免受污染的危害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "closely monitor｜密切监测",
   "closely related｜密切相关的",
   "work closely with｜与……密切合作",
   "look closely｜仔细看"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "close (adj.)",
   "closeness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "look closely指仔细看；stand close指站得近。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "closely"
 },
 {
  "w": "formula",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːmjələ/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrmjələ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公式",
    "en": "a mathematical rule expressed using symbols"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方法；配方",
    "en": "a particular method or mixture used to achieve something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "婴儿配方奶",
    "en": "specially prepared milk used to feed babies"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher showed us a formula for calculating area.",
    "zh": "老师给我们讲解了一个计算面积的公式。"
   },
   {
    "en": "There is no single formula for reducing urban poverty, since local economic conditions vary considerably.",
    "zh": "减少城市贫困没有统一的方法，因为各地经济状况差异很大。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mathematical formula｜数学公式",
   "formula for success｜成功之道",
   "infant formula｜婴儿配方奶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "formulate (v.)",
   "formulation (n.)",
   "formulaic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数可用formulas或formulae；方法常接for。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "formula"
 },
 {
  "w": "unreasonable",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈriːzənəbl/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈriːzənəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不合理的；不讲理的",
    "en": "Not fair, sensible, or willing to accept good reasons."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "过分的；过高的",
    "en": "Greater than is fair or acceptable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It seems unreasonable to blame you for the weather.",
    "zh": "因为天气不好而责怪你，似乎很不讲理。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expecting employees to answer messages throughout their holidays places unreasonable demands on their time and harms wellbeing.",
    "zh": "要求员工整个假期都回复消息，是对其时间的过分索取，也会损害身心健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unreasonable demands｜过分的要求",
   "unreasonable behaviour｜不讲理的行为",
   "unreasonable expectations｜不合理的期望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reasonable (adj.)",
   "unreasonably (adv.)",
   "reason (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unfair",
   "excessive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reasonable"
  ],
  "tip": "可形容人不讲理，也可形容要求或价格过分。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unreasonable"
 },
 {
  "w": "mill",
  "uk": "/mɪl/",
  "us": "/mɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "磨坊；磨粉机",
    "en": "a building or machine where grain is ground into flour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工厂；制造厂",
    "en": "a factory that processes materials such as paper or steel"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "碾磨；磨成粉",
    "en": "to crush grain or other material into small particles"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched wheat being ground at the old mill.",
    "zh": "我们在那座老磨坊看了小麦磨粉的过程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Converting abandoned textile mills into housing can preserve industrial heritage while meeting demand for urban accommodation.",
    "zh": "将废弃纺织厂改建为住房，可以在满足城市居住需求的同时保护工业遗产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flour mill｜面粉厂；磨坊",
   "steel mill｜钢铁厂",
   "paper mill｜造纸厂",
   "mill grain｜碾磨谷物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "miller (n.)",
   "milling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mill多指加工原料的工厂；普通工厂常用factory。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mill"
 },
 {
  "w": "overwhelming",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈwelmɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvərˈwelmɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "压倒性的；极大的",
    "en": "So great or strong that little can oppose it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人难以承受的",
    "en": "Too intense or difficult to deal with"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The proposal received overwhelming support from our neighbours.",
    "zh": "这项提议获得了邻居们的压倒性支持。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An overwhelming majority of residents support investment in reliable public transport rather than wider roads.",
    "zh": "绝大多数居民支持投资建设可靠的公共交通，而不是拓宽道路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "overwhelming majority｜绝大多数",
   "overwhelming evidence｜确凿有力的证据",
   "overwhelming support｜压倒性的支持",
   "overwhelming pressure｜难以承受的压力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "overwhelm (v.)",
   "overwhelmingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调程度极大；既可形容支持，也可形容压力。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overwhelming"
 },
 {
  "w": "minister",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪnɪstə/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪnɪstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "部长；大臣",
    "en": "A senior government official responsible for a particular area."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牧师",
    "en": "A religious leader in certain Christian churches."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "照料；帮助",
    "en": "To care for someone or attend to their needs."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The minister visited our school to meet the teachers.",
    "zh": "部长来到我们学校与教师们见面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Trained volunteers minister to the needs of older residents who lack access to regular medical care.",
    "zh": "受过培训的志愿者照料无法定期获得医疗服务的老年居民。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "education minister｜教育部长",
   "prime minister｜首相；总理",
   "a church minister｜教会牧师",
   "minister to someone's needs｜照顾某人的需要"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ministry (n.)",
   "ministerial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词义较正式，常用minister to表示照料。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "minister"
 },
 {
  "w": "valid",
  "uk": "/ˈvælɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈvælɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有效的；正式认可的",
    "en": "officially acceptable and able to be used"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有根据的；合理的",
    "en": "based on sound reasons or evidence"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your ticket is still valid for the return journey.",
    "zh": "你的票在返程时仍然有效。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although online learning offers flexibility, students have valid concerns about limited interaction with their teachers.",
    "zh": "虽然在线学习灵活方便，但学生对师生互动不足的担忧是合理的。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "valid ticket｜有效票据",
   "valid reason｜正当理由",
   "valid for｜有效期为；适用于",
   "valid concern｜合理的担忧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "validity (n.)",
   "validate (v.)",
   "validation (n.)",
   "invalid (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "acceptable",
   "justified"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "invalid"
  ],
  "tip": "valid for可接有效时长；valid until接到期时间。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "valid"
 },
 {
  "w": "prohibit",
  "uk": "/prəˈhɪbɪt/",
  "us": "/prəˈhɪbɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "正式禁止",
    "en": "To officially forbid an action through rules or laws."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "阻止；使不可能",
    "en": "To prevent something by making it impossible or impractical."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pool rules prohibit running on the wet floor.",
    "zh": "泳池规定禁止在湿滑的地面上奔跑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should prohibit the dumping of untreated industrial waste into rivers to protect public health.",
    "zh": "政府应禁止将未经处理的工业废物倾倒入河，以保护公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strictly prohibit｜严格禁止",
   "prohibit someone from doing something｜禁止某人做某事",
   "prohibit the use of｜禁止使用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prohibition (n.)",
   "prohibitive (adj.)",
   "prohibitively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ban",
   "forbid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "allow",
   "permit"
  ],
  "tip": "用prohibit doing或prohibit sb from doing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prohibit"
 },
 {
  "w": "jellyfish",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒelifɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒelifɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水母",
    "en": "a soft sea animal with hanging tentacles that can sting"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A translucent jellyfish drifted past our boat this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，一只半透明的水母从我们船边漂过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising ocean temperatures may encourage jellyfish populations to grow, potentially disrupting marine ecosystems and coastal tourism.",
    "zh": "海洋温度上升可能促使水母数量增加，进而扰乱海洋生态系统并影响沿海旅游业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a jellyfish sting｜水母蜇伤",
   "a swarm of jellyfish｜一大群水母",
   "jellyfish populations｜水母种群"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数通常仍用 jellyfish；它不是鱼类。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jellyfish"
 },
 {
  "w": "miracle",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪrəkl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪrəkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奇迹；不可思议的事",
    "en": "An extraordinary event that seems impossible or beyond natural explanation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It was a miracle that the vase survived.",
    "zh": "那个花瓶竟然没碎，真是个奇迹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although new technology can appear to work miracles, lasting environmental progress also requires changes in public behaviour.",
    "zh": "虽然新技术似乎能创造奇迹，但持久的环境改善也需要公众行为的改变。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "work miracles｜创造奇迹",
   "a medical miracle｜医学奇迹",
   "a miracle cure｜神奇疗法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "miraculous (adj.)",
   "miraculously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wonder"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "work miracles指创造奇迹，也可夸张表示效果惊人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "miracle"
 },
 {
  "w": "establish",
  "uk": "/ɪˈstæblɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ɪˈstæblɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "建立；创立",
    "en": "to start an organisation, system, or lasting arrangement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "确立；使获认可",
    "en": "to make a position or reputation widely accepted"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "查明；证实",
    "en": "to discover or prove that something is true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours established a gardening club last spring.",
    "zh": "我们的邻居去年春天成立了一个园艺俱乐部。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should establish clear standards to ensure that new housing is both safe and energy efficient.",
    "zh": "政府应制定明确的标准，确保新建住房既安全又节能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "establish a business｜创办企业",
   "establish a reputation｜树立声誉",
   "establish the facts｜查明事实",
   "establish a link｜确立联系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "establishment (n.)",
   "established (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "found",
   "set up"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "establish是及物动词，后接机构、制度或事实等。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "establish"
 },
 {
  "w": "criteria",
  "uk": "/kraɪˈtɪəriə/",
  "us": "/kraɪˈtɪriə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "标准；准则（复数）",
    "en": "Standards used to judge something or make a decision."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This flat meets all our criteria for a home.",
    "zh": "这套公寓符合我们对住房的所有要求。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scholarships should be awarded according to clear criteria that consider both academic achievement and financial need.",
    "zh": "奖学金应依据明确的标准颁发，同时考虑学业成绩和经济需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "meet the criteria｜符合标准",
   "selection criteria｜筛选标准",
   "assessment criteria｜评估标准"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "criterion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "standards"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "criteria是复数，单数为criterion；用criteria are。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "criteria"
 },
 {
  "w": "interact",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntərˈækt/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntərˈækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "交流；互动",
    "en": "To communicate or do things with other people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "相互作用；相互影响",
    "en": "To affect one another when combined or brought together."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours often interact while their children play outside.",
    "zh": "孩子们在外面玩耍时，我们的邻居常常互相交流。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Group projects encourage students to interact with classmates whose experiences and perspectives differ from their own.",
    "zh": "小组项目鼓励学生与经历和观点不同于自己的同学互动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "interact with｜与……互动",
   "interact socially｜进行社交互动",
   "interact with each other｜相互交流"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "interaction (n.)",
   "interactive (adj.)",
   "interactively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不及物动词：与某人互动用interact with someone。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "interact"
 },
 {
  "w": "superstitious",
  "uk": "/ˌsuːpəˈstɪʃəs/",
  "us": "/ˌsuːpərˈstɪʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "迷信的",
    "en": "believing certain actions or objects bring good or bad luck"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My superstitious cousin always carries a lucky stone.",
    "zh": "我那迷信的表亲总是带着一块幸运石。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Superstitious beliefs may influence financial decisions when people rely on lucky objects rather than reliable evidence.",
    "zh": "当人们依赖幸运物而非可靠证据时，迷信观念可能影响财务决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "superstitious beliefs｜迷信观念",
   "superstitious about｜对……迷信",
   "superstitious practices｜迷信做法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "superstition (n.)",
   "superstitiously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用be superstitious about表示对某事迷信。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "superstitious"
 },
 {
  "w": "congress",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒŋɡres/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːŋɡrəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "国会；议会",
    "en": "A national body of representatives that makes laws."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "代表大会；专题会议",
    "en": "A large formal meeting of representatives or specialists."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The congress debated the new law late into the night.",
    "zh": "国会就这项新法律辩论到深夜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Delegates at the international congress discussed practical ways to improve access to healthcare in rural communities.",
    "zh": "国际大会的代表们讨论了改善农村社区医疗可及性的切实办法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a national congress｜全国代表大会",
   "an international congress｜国际大会",
   "a member of Congress｜国会议员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "congressional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "特指美国等国家的国会时，通常大写Congress。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "congress"
 },
 {
  "w": "panic",
  "uk": "/ˈpænɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈpænɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恐慌；惊慌",
    "en": "sudden strong fear that makes clear thinking difficult"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "惊慌失措；使恐慌",
    "en": "to feel or cause sudden fear and lose calm"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt a moment of panic when my keys disappeared.",
    "zh": "发现钥匙不见时，我一时惊慌起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear communication during emergencies can reduce public panic and help people follow safety instructions more effectively.",
    "zh": "紧急情况下清晰的沟通能减少公众恐慌，帮助人们更有效地遵循安全指示。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in a panic｜惊慌失措地",
   "panic attack｜惊恐发作",
   "cause panic｜引发恐慌",
   "panic buying｜恐慌性抢购"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "panicked (adj.)",
   "panicky (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "alarm",
   "fright"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式panicked、进行式panicking均须在c后加k。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "panic"
 },
 {
  "w": "cement",
  "uk": "/sɪˈment/",
  "us": "/sɪˈment/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水泥",
    "en": "Powder mixed with water to bind building materials together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "巩固；加强",
    "en": "To make a relationship or agreement stronger."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The builder mixed cement and water in a bucket.",
    "zh": "建筑工人在桶里搅拌水泥和水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Joint research projects can cement relationships between universities and encourage the exchange of scientific knowledge.",
    "zh": "联合研究项目可以巩固大学之间的关系，并促进科学知识的交流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bag of cement｜一袋水泥",
   "mix cement｜搅拌水泥",
   "cement a relationship｜巩固关系"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cement是水泥；concrete是含水泥、砂石的混凝土。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cement"
 },
 {
  "w": "severe",
  "uk": "/sɪˈvɪə/",
  "us": "/səˈvɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严重的；剧烈的",
    "en": "Very bad, intense, or damaging."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严厉的；苛刻的",
    "en": "Very strict or harsh in treatment or judgment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Severe storms knocked down several trees near our house.",
    "zh": "猛烈的暴风雨刮倒了我们家附近的几棵树。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Severe water shortages can undermine agricultural production, forcing governments to invest in more efficient irrigation systems.",
    "zh": "严重缺水会削弱农业生产，迫使政府投资建设效率更高的灌溉系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "severe pain｜剧痛",
   "severe weather｜恶劣天气",
   "a severe shortage｜严重短缺",
   "severe punishment｜严厉惩罚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "severity (n.)",
   "severely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "serious",
   "harsh",
   "intense"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "mild",
   "lenient"
  ],
  "tip": "可修饰疼痛、天气、短缺或惩罚，表示程度重。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "severe"
 },
 {
  "w": "function",
  "uk": "/ˈfʌŋkʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈfʌŋkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "功能；作用",
    "en": "The purpose or job of something or someone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "运转；发挥作用",
    "en": "To work or operate in the intended way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "函数",
    "en": "A mathematical relationship assigning each input exactly one output."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "What is the function of this small red button?",
    "zh": "这个红色小按钮有什么作用？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban parks serve an important function by providing space for exercise, relaxation, and social interaction.",
    "zh": "城市公园提供运动、休闲和社交的空间，发挥着重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "perform a function｜发挥作用",
   "function properly｜正常运转",
   "function as｜起……作用",
   "basic function｜基本功能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "functional (adj.)",
   "functionally (adv.)",
   "functionality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "purpose",
   "role"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "function as后接名词，表示起……作用。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "function"
 },
 {
  "w": "presumably",
  "uk": "/prɪˈzjuːməbli/",
  "us": "/prɪˈzuːməbli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "想必；据推测",
    "en": "Probably true, based on what is known or reasonably expected."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her coat is gone, so presumably she has left.",
    "zh": "她的外套不见了，想必她已经离开了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "More frequent bus services would presumably encourage commuters to leave their cars at home, reducing urban traffic.",
    "zh": "更频繁的公交班次想必会鼓励通勤者不开车出门，从而缓解城市交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "presumably because｜大概是因为",
   "presumably intended to｜想必是为了",
   "presumably true｜据推测属实"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "presume (v.)",
   "presumption (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "probably",
   "likely"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示有依据的推测，不等于certainly的确定语气。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "presumably"
 },
 {
  "w": "coordination",
  "uk": "/kəʊˌɔːdɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/koʊˌɔːrdɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "协调；配合",
    "en": "Organising people or activities so they work effectively together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "身体协调能力",
    "en": "The ability to move different body parts smoothly together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Moving this sofa upstairs will take some coordination.",
    "zh": "把这张沙发搬上楼需要大家配合一下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective coordination between schools and health services can improve support for children with additional needs.",
    "zh": "学校与医疗卫生服务机构之间的有效协调，能改善对有额外需求儿童的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "close coordination｜密切协调",
   "coordination between departments｜部门之间的协调",
   "hand-eye coordination｜手眼协调能力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coordinate (v.)",
   "coordinator (n.)",
   "coordinated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；between引出需要协调的双方或多方。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coordination"
 },
 {
  "w": "infect",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈfekt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈfekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使感染；传染",
    "en": "to cause a person or organism to develop an infection"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "感染；影响情绪",
    "en": "to spread a feeling or attitude to others"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One sick rabbit can infect the others in its cage.",
    "zh": "一只生病的兔子可能传染同笼的其他兔子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Viruses can infect vulnerable patients more easily when hospitals lack effective hygiene measures and adequate ventilation.",
    "zh": "如果医院缺乏有效的卫生措施和充分的通风，病毒就更容易感染身体脆弱的患者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "infect someone with a virus｜使某人感染病毒",
   "become infected｜受到感染",
   "infect a wound｜使伤口感染"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "infection (n.)",
   "infectious (adj.)",
   "infected (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用infect someone with a virus，表示使某人感染病毒。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "infect"
 },
 {
  "w": "thread",
  "uk": "/θred/",
  "us": "/θred/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "线；细线",
    "en": "a long, thin fibre used for sewing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "思路；讨论串",
    "en": "a connected sequence of ideas or online messages"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "穿线；穿过",
    "en": "to pass thread or another thin object through an opening"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I need some blue thread to mend this shirt.",
    "zh": "我需要一些蓝线来补这件衬衫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear transitions help readers follow the thread of an argument in a complex academic essay.",
    "zh": "清晰的过渡能帮助读者理解复杂学术文章中的论证思路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sewing thread｜缝纫线",
   "thread a needle｜穿针",
   "lose the thread｜跟不上思路",
   "discussion thread｜讨论串"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lose the thread指跟不上谈话或文章的思路。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thread"
 },
 {
  "w": "beloved",
  "uk": "/bɪˈlʌvɪd/",
  "us": "/bɪˈlʌvɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "深爱的；深受喜爱的",
    "en": "deeply loved by someone or many people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "心爱的人",
    "en": "a person whom someone loves deeply"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He carefully repaired his daughter's beloved wooden toy.",
    "zh": "他小心地修好了女儿心爱的木玩具。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries remain beloved community spaces because they offer opportunities for learning and social connection.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆依然是深受喜爱的社区空间，因为它们提供学习和社交的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a beloved friend｜挚爱的朋友",
   "a beloved pet｜心爱的宠物",
   "a beloved institution｜深受喜爱的机构"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "love (v.)",
   "loving (adj.)",
   "lovable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cherished",
   "treasured",
   "dear"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hated"
  ],
  "tip": "通常作形容词；作名词指爱人，语气较文学化。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beloved"
 },
 {
  "w": "carpentry",
  "uk": "/ˈkɑːpəntri/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːrpəntri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "木工活；木工技艺",
    "en": "The work or skill of making and repairing wooden structures."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I learned basic carpentry by building a small bookshelf.",
    "zh": "我通过制作一个小书架学会了基础木工技艺。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools that offer carpentry courses can help students develop practical skills and explore careers in construction.",
    "zh": "开设木工课程的学校可以帮助学生培养实用技能，并探索建筑行业的职业方向。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "carpentry skills｜木工技能",
   "carpentry workshop｜木工车间",
   "basic carpentry｜基础木工",
   "carpentry tools｜木工工具"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "carpenter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "carpentry指技艺或工作；carpenter指木匠。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "carpentry"
 },
 {
  "w": "impractical",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpræktɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpræktɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不切实际的；不可行的",
    "en": "Unlikely to work well or be useful in practice"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不善处理实际事务的",
    "en": "Not skilled at handling everyday practical tasks"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These white shoes are impractical for a muddy walk.",
    "zh": "穿这双白鞋走泥泞的路不太实用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building underground railways may be impractical in smaller cities because construction costs often exceed available budgets.",
    "zh": "在较小的城市修建地铁可能不可行，因为建设成本往往超过可用预算。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an impractical solution｜不切实际的解决办法",
   "highly impractical｜极不实用的",
   "impractical for everyday use｜不适合日常使用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "practical (adj.)",
   "impracticality (n.)",
   "impractically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unworkable",
   "unrealistic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "practical",
   "workable"
  ],
  "tip": "是形容词，不是动词；不实用不一定是不可能。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "impractical"
 },
 {
  "w": "mechanical",
  "uk": "/məˈkænɪkəl/",
  "us": "/məˈkænɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "机械的；机器的",
    "en": "relating to machines or their moving parts"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "机械呆板的；无意识的",
    "en": "done without thought, interest, or feeling"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A mechanical fault stopped our car outside the village.",
    "zh": "一处机械故障让我们的车停在了村外。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular inspections can identify mechanical problems before they cause serious disruptions to public transport services.",
    "zh": "定期检查可以在机械问题严重影响公共交通服务之前将其发现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mechanical engineering｜机械工程",
   "mechanical failure｜机械故障",
   "mechanical parts｜机械零件",
   "a mechanical response｜机械式的回应"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mechanically (adv.)",
   "mechanic (n.)",
   "mechanics (n.)",
   "mechanism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mechanical指机器相关；mechanic指机械修理工。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mechanical"
 },
 {
  "w": "compound",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmpaʊnd/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmpaʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "化合物",
    "en": "A substance formed from chemically joined elements."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "围墙内的场地或建筑群",
    "en": "An enclosed area containing buildings."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "加重；使恶化",
    "en": "To make an existing problem or difficulty worse."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Water is a compound made from hydrogen and oxygen.",
    "zh": "水是由氢和氧组成的化合物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poor public transport can compound the difficulties faced by people seeking employment in rural areas.",
    "zh": "公共交通不便会加重农村地区求职者面临的困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chemical compound｜化合物",
   "compound a problem｜使问题恶化",
   "residential compound｜住宅院区",
   "compound interest｜复利"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compounding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "worsen",
   "aggravate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "alleviate"
  ],
  "tip": "名词重音在首音节；动词重音在第二音节。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "compound"
 },
 {
  "w": "kidnap",
  "uk": "/ˈkɪdnæp/",
  "us": "/ˈkɪdnæp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "绑架；劫持",
    "en": "To take someone away illegally and hold them captive"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "In the film, criminals kidnap a wealthy businessman.",
    "zh": "电影中，犯罪分子绑架了一位富商。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International cooperation helps police investigate criminal groups that kidnap people and demand money for their release.",
    "zh": "国际合作有助于警方调查绑架他人并索要赎金的犯罪团伙。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "kidnap someone for ransom｜绑架某人索取赎金",
   "a kidnapping victim｜绑架受害者",
   "a kidnapping attempt｜绑架企图"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "kidnapper (n.)",
   "kidnapping (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "abduct"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "release"
  ],
  "tip": "不限于儿童；常用过去式kidnapped，分词kidnapping。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kidnap"
 },
 {
  "w": "courtyard",
  "uk": "/ˈkɔːtjɑːd/",
  "us": "/ˈkɔːrtjɑːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "庭院；院子；天井",
    "en": "an outdoor area partly or completely enclosed by walls or buildings"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We ate breakfast in the courtyard beside a fountain.",
    "zh": "我们在庭院的喷泉旁吃了早餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional houses with a central courtyard can provide natural ventilation while offering residents a private outdoor space.",
    "zh": "带有中央庭院的传统住宅既能自然通风，又能为住户提供私密的户外空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "central courtyard｜中央庭院",
   "enclosed courtyard｜围合式庭院",
   "courtyard garden｜庭院花园"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调由建筑或墙围合的露天空间，不等同于花园。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "courtyard"
 },
 {
  "w": "grammatical",
  "uk": "/ɡrəˈmætɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ɡrəˈmætɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "语法的",
    "en": "relating to the rules for forming words and sentences"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "符合语法的",
    "en": "following the accepted grammar rules of a language"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher explained the grammatical rules using simple examples.",
    "zh": "老师用简单的例子解释了这些语法规则。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although grammatical accuracy matters in language learning, students also need opportunities to develop confidence through conversation.",
    "zh": "尽管语法准确性对语言学习很重要，学生也需要通过对话建立自信的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grammatical accuracy｜语法准确性",
   "grammatical errors｜语法错误",
   "grammatical structure｜语法结构"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grammar (n.)",
   "grammatically (adv.)",
   "ungrammatical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "ungrammatical"
  ],
  "tip": "可指“语法方面的”，也可指句子“符合语法的”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grammatical"
 },
 {
  "w": "collide",
  "uk": "/kəˈlaɪd/",
  "us": "/kəˈlaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "碰撞；相撞",
    "en": "to crash into something or each other"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "冲突；抵触",
    "en": "to strongly disagree or be impossible to combine"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Two shopping trolleys collided near the busy supermarket entrance.",
    "zh": "两辆购物车在繁忙的超市入口附近撞到了一起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Economic ambitions often collide with environmental priorities when governments consider approving major infrastructure projects.",
    "zh": "政府考虑批准大型基础设施项目时，经济目标往往与环保重点发生冲突。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "collide with｜与……相撞；冲突",
   "collide head-on｜迎头相撞",
   "colliding interests｜相互冲突的利益"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "collision (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clash"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常是不及物动词；与某物相撞用with。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "collide"
 },
 {
  "w": "merchandise",
  "uk": "/ˈmɜːtʃəndaɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈmɝːtʃəndaɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "商品；货品",
    "en": "goods available for sale"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推销；促销",
    "en": "to promote goods and encourage people to buy them"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop displays its new merchandise near the entrance.",
    "zh": "这家店在入口附近陈列新商品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Selling locally produced merchandise can support small businesses and reduce the environmental impact of transport.",
    "zh": "销售本地生产的商品可以扶持小企业，并减少运输对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sell merchandise｜销售商品",
   "branded merchandise｜品牌商品",
   "display merchandise｜陈列商品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "merchandising (n.)",
   "merchandiser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "goods",
   "products"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词不可数；动词词尾常读作/daɪz/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "merchandise"
 },
 {
  "w": "edible",
  "uk": "/ˈedɪbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈedɪbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可食用的",
    "en": "Safe or suitable to eat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These edible flowers make the salad look especially colourful.",
    "zh": "这些可食用的花让沙拉显得格外缤纷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Redistributing edible food that shops would otherwise discard could reduce waste and support families on low incomes.",
    "zh": "将商店原本会丢弃的可食用食物重新分配，可以减少浪费并帮助低收入家庭。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "edible plants｜可食用植物",
   "edible flowers｜可食用花卉",
   "edible oil｜食用油"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inedible (adj.)",
   "edibility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "inedible"
  ],
  "tip": "edible表示能吃，不表示美味；勿凭外观判断野生植物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "edible"
 },
 {
  "w": "disrupt",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈrʌpt/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈrʌpt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "扰乱；使中断",
    "en": "Prevent an activity or system from continuing normally."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy snow could disrupt our train journey tomorrow.",
    "zh": "大雪可能会影响我们明天的火车行程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Frequent power cuts disrupt online learning, particularly in rural communities where reliable internet access is already limited.",
    "zh": "频繁停电扰乱了在线学习，在本就缺乏可靠网络的农村社区尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disrupt traffic｜扰乱交通",
   "disrupt services｜使服务中断",
   "disrupt sleep｜干扰睡眠",
   "disrupt learning｜扰乱学习"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disruption (n.)",
   "disruptive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disturb",
   "interrupt"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接活动或系统；不是形容词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disrupt"
 },
 {
  "w": "instance",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnstəns/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnstəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "例子；事例；情况",
    "en": "A particular example or occurrence of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Some fruits freeze well; berries, for instance, keep their flavour.",
    "zh": "有些水果适合冷冻，比如浆果就能保留风味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "This project provides an instance of successful cooperation between local businesses and environmental research groups.",
    "zh": "这个项目提供了当地企业与环境研究团体成功合作的实例。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "for instance｜例如",
   "in this instance｜在这种情况下",
   "an isolated instance｜个别事例"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "example",
   "case"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "for instance意为“例如”，作用类似for example。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "instance"
 },
 {
  "w": "threatened",
  "uk": "/ˈθretənd/",
  "us": "/ˈθretənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "受威胁的；濒危的",
    "en": "At risk of harm, loss, or extinction."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "感到受威胁的",
    "en": "Feeling that someone or something may cause harm or loss."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rescue centre cares for several threatened bird species.",
    "zh": "这家救助中心照料着几种受威胁的鸟类。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting threatened species requires governments to preserve natural habitats and address the underlying causes of biodiversity loss.",
    "zh": "保护受威胁物种需要政府保全天然栖息地，并解决生物多样性丧失的根本原因。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "threatened species｜受威胁物种",
   "feel threatened｜感到受威胁",
   "threatened with extinction｜面临灭绝威胁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "threat (n.)",
   "threaten (v.)",
   "threatening (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "endangered",
   "at risk"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "safe"
  ],
  "tip": "threatened指受到威胁；threatening指构成威胁。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "threatened"
 },
 {
  "w": "howl",
  "uk": "/haʊl/",
  "us": "/haʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "嚎叫；呼啸",
    "en": "Make a long, loud cry or a similar rushing sound."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "嚎叫声；怒吼声",
    "en": "A long, loud cry expressing pain, anger, or another strong feeling."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our dog howled when the ambulance passed the house.",
    "zh": "救护车经过家门时，我们的狗嚎叫起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents complained that wind howled through poorly insulated windows, making their homes uncomfortable during winter.",
    "zh": "居民抱怨寒风从隔热不良的窗户灌入并发出呼啸声，导致冬天家里很不舒适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "howl at the moon｜对月长嚎",
   "howl with laughter｜放声大笑",
   "howls of protest｜愤怒的抗议声",
   "the wind howls｜风呼啸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "howling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wail"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既用于动物长嚎，也用于风声或人的强烈反应。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "howl"
 },
 {
  "w": "satisfactory",
  "uk": "/ˌsætɪsˈfæktəri/",
  "us": "/ˌsætɪsˈfæktəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人满意的；合格的",
    "en": "Good enough to meet a particular need or standard"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic confirmed that the brakes were satisfactory.",
    "zh": "修理工确认刹车状况合格。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing satisfactory public transport is essential if cities want residents to rely less on private cars.",
    "zh": "城市若希望居民减少对私家车的依赖，就必须提供令人满意的公共交通服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "satisfactory results｜令人满意的结果",
   "satisfactory explanation｜令人满意的解释",
   "satisfactory progress｜符合预期的进展"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "satisfy (v.)",
   "satisfaction (n.)",
   "satisfactorily (adv.)",
   "unsatisfactory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "acceptable",
   "adequate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unsatisfactory",
   "inadequate"
  ],
  "tip": "强调达到要求，不一定出色；人的满意感用satisfied。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "satisfactory"
 },
 {
  "w": "chief",
  "uk": "/tʃiːf/",
  "us": "/tʃiːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "主要的；首要的",
    "en": "Most important among several things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "首席的；最高级别的",
    "en": "Having the highest rank in an organisation or profession."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "首领；负责人",
    "en": "The person who leads a group or organisation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My chief concern is getting everyone home safely.",
    "zh": "我最关心的是让大家安全到家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The chief advantage of public transport is its ability to move large crowds while using less road space.",
    "zh": "公共交通的主要优势在于能用较少的道路空间运送大量乘客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chief concern｜首要关切",
   "chief executive｜首席执行官",
   "chief reason｜主要原因",
   "police chief｜警察局长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chiefly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "main",
   "principal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "minor"
  ],
  "tip": "chief可作形容词或名词；副词用chiefly。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chief"
 },
 {
  "w": "indirectly",
  "uk": "/ˌɪndəˈrektli/",
  "us": "/ˌɪndəˈrektli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "间接地",
    "en": "Through another person, thing, or stage rather than directly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "含蓄地；拐弯抹角地",
    "en": "Without expressing something clearly or openly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I heard about the empty flat indirectly through a colleague.",
    "zh": "我是通过一位同事间接得知那套空置公寓的消息的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Higher fuel prices indirectly affect food costs because transporting agricultural products becomes more expensive for suppliers.",
    "zh": "燃油价格上涨会间接影响食品价格，因为供应商运输农产品的成本会增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "indirectly affect｜间接影响",
   "indirectly responsible for｜对……负有间接责任",
   "refer indirectly to｜含蓄地提及",
   "directly or indirectly｜直接或间接地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "indirect (adj.)",
   "direct (adj.)",
   "directly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "directly"
  ],
  "tip": "是副词，不是形容词；修饰动词时用indirectly。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indirectly"
 },
 {
  "w": "halt",
  "uk": "/hɔːlt/",
  "us": "/hɔːlt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "停止；使停止",
    "en": "to stop moving or happening, or make something stop"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "停止；中止",
    "en": "a stop in movement, activity, or progress"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bus halted suddenly when a sheep crossed.",
    "zh": "一只羊横穿道路时，公交车突然停了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urgent international cooperation is needed to halt the destruction of habitats and protect species at risk of extinction.",
    "zh": "迫切需要开展国际合作，以阻止栖息地遭到破坏，并保护面临灭绝风险的物种。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "come to a halt｜停下来",
   "bring to a halt｜使停止",
   "halt production｜停止生产",
   "halt the decline｜遏制衰退"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "stop",
   "cease"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "continue"
  ],
  "tip": "比stop正式；come to a halt表示停下来。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "halt"
 },
 {
  "w": "man-made",
  "uk": "/ˌmænˈmeɪd/",
  "us": "/ˌmænˈmeɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "人造的；人为的",
    "en": "made or caused by people rather than occurring naturally"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked around a man-made lake near the airport.",
    "zh": "我们绕着机场附近的一个人工湖散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Man-made barriers such as dams can disrupt river ecosystems by preventing fish from reaching their breeding grounds.",
    "zh": "水坝等人工屏障会阻碍鱼类到达繁殖地，从而破坏河流生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "man-made lake｜人工湖",
   "man-made materials｜人造材料",
   "man-made disaster｜人为灾难",
   "man-made fibres｜人造纤维"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "artificial",
   "human-made"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "natural"
  ],
  "tip": "强调由人制造或造成；也可用human-made。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "man-made"
 },
 {
  "w": "absurd",
  "uk": "/əbˈsɜːd/",
  "us": "/əbˈsɝːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "荒谬的；不合理的",
    "en": "Completely unreasonable or silly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It seems absurd to drive when the shop is so close.",
    "zh": "商店这么近还要开车去，似乎太不合理了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It is absurd to expect public transport use to increase without improving service quality or affordability.",
    "zh": "不提高服务质量或降低出行成本，却指望公共交通使用量增加，这是不合理的。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an absurd idea｜荒谬的想法",
   "an absurd claim｜荒谬的说法",
   "completely absurd｜完全荒谬的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "absurdity (n.)",
   "absurdly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ridiculous",
   "ludicrous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reasonable",
   "sensible"
  ],
  "tip": "常用句式：It is absurd to do sth.。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "absurd"
 },
 {
  "w": "boom",
  "uk": "/buːm/",
  "us": "/buːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "繁荣；迅速增长",
    "en": "a period of rapid growth or economic success"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "隆隆声；轰鸣声",
    "en": "a loud, deep sound"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "迅速发展；发出轰鸣",
    "en": "to grow rapidly or make a loud, deep sound"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tourism boom has filled every hotel in town.",
    "zh": "旅游业的繁荣让镇上的每家酒店都住满了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A housing boom can create jobs, but it may also make homes less affordable for local residents.",
    "zh": "住房市场的繁荣可以创造就业机会，但也可能让当地居民更难负担住房。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "economic boom｜经济繁荣",
   "a boom in tourism｜旅游业的迅猛发展",
   "a booming industry｜蓬勃发展的行业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "booming (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "slump"
  ],
  "tip": "表示某领域的迅速增长，常用a boom in。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "boom"
 },
 {
  "w": "migration",
  "uk": "/maɪˈɡreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/maɪˈɡreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人口迁移；移居",
    "en": "The movement of people to live in another place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动物迁徙",
    "en": "The regular movement of animals between regions, often with the seasons."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "数据或系统迁移",
    "en": "The transfer of data or software to another computer system."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the birds during their annual autumn migration.",
    "zh": "我们观察了正在进行一年一度秋季迁徙的鸟儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Migration from rural areas to cities can increase pressure on housing while providing workers for expanding industries.",
    "zh": "农村人口向城市迁移可能加大住房压力，同时为不断扩张的行业提供劳动力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rural-to-urban migration｜农村向城市的人口迁移",
   "seasonal migration｜季节性迁徙",
   "bird migration｜鸟类迁徙",
   "data migration｜数据迁移"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "migrate (v.)",
   "migrant (n.)",
   "migratory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "migration泛指迁移；immigration侧重迁入。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "migration"
 },
 {
  "w": "volcanic",
  "uk": "/vɒlˈkænɪk/",
  "us": "/vɑːlˈkænɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "火山的；火山形成的",
    "en": "Related to volcanoes or produced by their activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "猛烈爆发的",
    "en": "Sudden and extremely powerful, especially when describing anger."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked across dark volcanic rock near the coast.",
    "zh": "我们在海岸附近的深色火山岩上行走。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although volcanic eruptions threaten nearby settlements, the resulting soils can support highly productive agriculture over time.",
    "zh": "虽然火山喷发威胁附近的居民区，但其形成的土壤经过一段时间后可支撑高产农业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "volcanic eruption｜火山喷发",
   "volcanic ash｜火山灰",
   "volcanic activity｜火山活动",
   "volcanic rock｜火山岩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "volcano (n.)",
   "volcanism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常作形容词；“火山岩”用volcanic rock。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "volcanic"
 },
 {
  "w": "metric",
  "uk": "/ˈmetrɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈmetrɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "公制的",
    "en": "Using measurement units such as metres, litres, and grams."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "衡量指标",
    "en": "A measurement used to judge performance, quality, or progress."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This kitchen scale uses metric units for every ingredient.",
    "zh": "这个厨房秤用公制单位称量每种食材。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although income is a useful metric, it cannot fully capture a population's quality of life.",
    "zh": "尽管收入是一项有用的衡量指标，但它无法全面反映人口的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "metric system｜公制",
   "metric units｜公制单位",
   "performance metric｜绩效指标"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词指公制的；名词指指标，常用复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "metric"
 },
 {
  "w": "obese",
  "uk": "/əʊˈbiːs/",
  "us": "/oʊˈbiːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "肥胖的",
    "en": "having excessive body fat that may harm health"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The vet said our cat was obese and needed exercise.",
    "zh": "兽医说我们家的猫过于肥胖，需要运动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who are obese should have access to supportive healthcare without facing discrimination or blame.",
    "zh": "肥胖人群应能获得支持性的医疗服务，而不受歧视或责备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clinically obese｜临床诊断为肥胖的",
   "become obese｜变得肥胖",
   "obese patients｜肥胖患者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "obesity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "属医学用语，程度通常重于overweight；避免随意评价他人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obese"
 },
 {
  "w": "hedgehog",
  "uk": "/ˈhedʒhɒɡ/",
  "us": "/ˈhedʒhɑːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刺猬",
    "en": "A small mammal with spines that curls into a ball."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A hedgehog shuffled through the leaves beside our fence.",
    "zh": "一只刺猬在我们围栏旁的落叶间缓缓爬行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Leaving small gaps beneath garden fences allows hedgehogs to move safely between feeding areas.",
    "zh": "在花园围栏下留出小缝隙，可以让刺猬在觅食区域之间安全通行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a hedgehog's spines｜刺猬的刺",
   "hedgehog habitat｜刺猬栖息地",
   "a baby hedgehog｜刺猬幼崽"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hedgehog是刺猬；porcupine是豪猪，两者不是同一种动物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hedgehog"
 },
 {
  "w": "memo",
  "uk": "/ˈmeməʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈmemoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "备忘录；内部通知",
    "en": "A short written message, especially between people at work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our manager sent a memo about the new opening hours.",
    "zh": "经理发了一份关于新营业时间的内部通知。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A clear internal memo can help employees understand changes to workplace policies and avoid unnecessary confusion.",
    "zh": "清晰的内部通知能帮助员工理解工作场所政策的变化，避免不必要的困惑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "send a memo｜发送备忘录",
   "internal memo｜内部通知",
   "a memo about something｜关于某事的备忘录"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "memo常指工作中的简短内部通知，复数为memos。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "memo"
 },
 {
  "w": "concern",
  "uk": "/kənˈsɜːn/",
  "us": "/kənˈsɝːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "担忧；关切",
    "en": "A feeling of worry about something important"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "令人担忧的事；关注事项",
    "en": "An issue that matters or causes worry"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "涉及；使担忧",
    "en": "To relate to someone or something, or cause worry"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her main concern is getting home before the storm.",
    "zh": "她最担心的是能否在暴风雨前到家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing concern about air pollution has encouraged many cities to invest in cleaner public transport systems.",
    "zh": "人们对空气污染日益担忧，促使许多城市投资建设更清洁的公共交通系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "concern about safety｜对安全的担忧",
   "raise concerns｜引发担忧",
   "a major concern｜一个主要问题",
   "concern for others｜对他人的关心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "concerned (adj.)",
   "concerning (prep.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "worry"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "concern about多指对事情的担忧；for常指关心某人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "concern"
 },
 {
  "w": "analyse",
  "uk": "/ˈænəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈænəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分析；细察",
    "en": "to examine something carefully to understand its parts or causes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We analysed our spending and cancelled two unused subscriptions.",
    "zh": "我们分析了开销，取消了两项没在用的订阅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers analyse survey responses to identify the main barriers preventing adults from returning to education.",
    "zh": "研究人员分析问卷回答，以找出阻碍成年人重返教育体系的主要因素。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "analyse data｜分析数据",
   "analyse the results｜分析结果",
   "analyse a problem｜分析问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "analysis (n.)",
   "analyst (n.)",
   "analytical (adj.)",
   "analytically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "examine",
   "investigate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写analyse，美式通常写analyze。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "analyse"
 },
 {
  "w": "technological",
  "uk": "/ˌteknəˈlɒdʒɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˌteknəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "技术的；科技的",
    "en": "relating to technology and its practical development"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather enjoys learning about the latest technological advances.",
    "zh": "我祖父喜欢了解最新的科技进展。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Technological innovation can improve agricultural productivity while reducing the amount of water required for irrigation.",
    "zh": "技术创新能够提高农业生产力，同时减少灌溉所需的水量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "technological advances｜科技进步",
   "technological innovation｜技术创新",
   "technological development｜技术发展"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "technology (n.)",
   "technologically (adv.)",
   "technologist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "technological侧重科技发展，technical侧重具体技术。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "technological"
 },
 {
  "w": "usage",
  "uk": "/ˈjuːsɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈjuːsɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "使用；使用量",
    "en": "The way or amount that something is used."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "词语用法；惯用法",
    "en": "The customary way words or phrases are used in language."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My phone tracks my daily data usage automatically.",
    "zh": "我的手机会自动记录我每天的数据使用量。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing efficient appliances can reduce household energy usage without requiring major changes to everyday routines.",
    "zh": "安装高效电器可以减少家庭能源使用量，而无需大幅改变日常习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "energy usage｜能源使用量",
   "data usage｜数据使用量",
   "common usage｜常见用法",
   "usage patterns｜使用模式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "use (v.)",
   "user (n.)",
   "usable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "usage重在使用量、使用方式或语言惯用法。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "usage"
 },
 {
  "w": "compulsory",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpʌlsəri/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpʌlsəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "强制的；必修的",
    "en": "required by a law or rule, rather than optional"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Wearing a helmet is compulsory at this climbing centre.",
    "zh": "在这家攀岩中心必须戴头盔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Compulsory education helps ensure that all children acquire basic skills regardless of their family income.",
    "zh": "义务教育有助于确保所有儿童都能掌握基本技能，不受家庭收入影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "compulsory education｜义务教育",
   "compulsory subject｜必修科目",
   "compulsory attendance｜强制出席"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compulsorily (adv.)",
   "compulsion (n.)",
   "compel (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mandatory",
   "obligatory"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "optional",
   "voluntary"
  ],
  "tip": "compulsory强调规定必须做，与optional相对。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "compulsory"
 },
 {
  "w": "mass media",
  "uk": "/ˌmæs ˈmiːdiə/",
  "us": "/ˌmæs ˈmiːdiə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大众传媒",
    "en": "communication channels that deliver information to very large audiences"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandparents relied on mass media for their daily news.",
    "zh": "我的祖父母过去依靠大众传媒获取每日新闻。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Mass media can shape public attitudes towards environmental issues by deciding which stories receive widespread attention.",
    "zh": "大众传媒可以通过决定哪些报道受到广泛关注，来影响公众对环境问题的态度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the mass media｜大众传媒",
   "mass media coverage｜大众媒体报道",
   "mass media influence｜大众传媒的影响"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "medium (n.)",
   "media (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指大众传媒常用the mass media，通常接复数谓语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mass-media"
 },
 {
  "w": "chip",
  "uk": "/tʃɪp/",
  "us": "/tʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "芯片；集成电路",
    "en": "a tiny electronic component containing many connected circuits"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "碎屑；缺口",
    "en": "a small broken piece or the mark it leaves"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "碰掉一小块；使缺损",
    "en": "to break a small piece off something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The repairer replaced a damaged chip inside my laptop.",
    "zh": "维修人员更换了我笔记本电脑内部一块损坏的芯片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Demand for advanced chips is increasing as more industries adopt artificial intelligence and automated production systems.",
    "zh": "随着更多行业采用人工智能和自动化生产系统，对先进芯片的需求正在增长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "computer chip｜计算机芯片",
   "silicon chip｜硅芯片",
   "a chip in a cup｜杯子上的缺口",
   "chip a tooth｜磕掉一小块牙齿"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chipped (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "食物中的chips：英式指薯条，美式通常指薯片。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chip"
 },
 {
  "w": "holy",
  "uk": "/ˈhəʊli/",
  "us": "/ˈhoʊli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "神圣的；宗教上重要的",
    "en": "Connected with a religion and treated with deep respect"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Visitors remove their shoes before entering this holy place.",
    "zh": "游客进入这处圣地前会脱鞋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting holy sites requires governments to balance public access with respect for local religious traditions.",
    "zh": "保护宗教圣地需要政府兼顾公众参访需求与对当地宗教传统的尊重。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "holy place｜圣地",
   "holy book｜宗教经典",
   "holy day｜宗教节日"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "holiness (n.)",
   "unholy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sacred"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unholy"
  ],
  "tip": "holy强调宗教上的神圣，与wholly发音相同。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "holy"
 },
 {
  "w": "embarrassment",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈbærəsmənt/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈbærəsmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尴尬；窘迫",
    "en": "an uncomfortable feeling caused by awkwardness or fear of others' judgment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "令人尴尬的人或事",
    "en": "a person or thing that causes shame or awkwardness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I blushed with embarrassment when I forgot my neighbour's name.",
    "zh": "我忘了邻居的名字，尴尬得脸都红了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fear of embarrassment may prevent language learners from practising their speaking skills in front of others.",
    "zh": "害怕尴尬可能使语言学习者不敢在他人面前练习口语。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "to my embarrassment｜令我尴尬的是",
   "blush with embarrassment｜尴尬得脸红",
   "avoid embarrassment｜避免尴尬",
   "a source of embarrassment｜令人尴尬的根源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "embarrass (v.)",
   "embarrassed (adj.)",
   "embarrassing (adj.)",
   "embarrassingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "awkwardness",
   "discomfort"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "情绪义不可数；指令人尴尬的人或事时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "embarrassment"
 },
 {
  "w": "distribution",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分发；分配",
    "en": "the process of giving or delivering things to different people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分布",
    "en": "the way something is spread across an area or group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Volunteers organised the distribution of warm blankets after the storm.",
    "zh": "暴风雨过后，志愿者组织发放了保暖毯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The uneven distribution of medical services leaves many rural communities without adequate access to healthcare.",
    "zh": "医疗服务分布不均，导致许多农村社区无法获得充分的医疗保障。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "distribution of resources｜资源分配",
   "population distribution｜人口分布",
   "distribution network｜配送网络",
   "uneven distribution｜分布不均"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "distribute (v.)",
   "distributor (n.)",
   "redistribution (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指分发过程，也指人口等的分布状态。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "distribution"
 },
 {
  "w": "rapidly",
  "uk": "/ˈræpɪdli/",
  "us": "/ˈræpɪdli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "迅速地；快速地",
    "en": "At a fast speed or within a short time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dark clouds spread rapidly across the sky before lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭前，乌云迅速布满天空。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As urban populations grow rapidly, public transport systems must expand to meet increasing demand.",
    "zh": "随着城市人口迅速增长，公共交通系统必须扩展，以满足不断增加的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grow rapidly｜迅速增长",
   "change rapidly｜迅速变化",
   "spread rapidly｜迅速蔓延"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rapid (adj.)",
   "rapidity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "quickly",
   "swiftly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "slowly"
  ],
  "tip": "表示速度快，不等于表示立刻的immediately。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rapidly"
 },
 {
  "w": "fatty",
  "uk": "/ˈfæti/",
  "us": "/ˈfæti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "含脂肪多的；脂肪的",
    "en": "Containing much fat, or consisting of fat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This soup tastes rich because the meat is fatty.",
    "zh": "这汤味道浓厚，因为用的肉脂肪较多。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although some fatty foods provide essential nutrients, excessive consumption of saturated fat may increase cardiovascular health risks.",
    "zh": "虽然某些高脂肪食物提供必需营养素，但摄入过多饱和脂肪可能增加心血管健康风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fatty foods｜高脂肪食物",
   "fatty tissue｜脂肪组织",
   "fatty acids｜脂肪酸",
   "fatty fish｜富含脂肪的鱼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fat (n.)",
   "fat (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "lean"
  ],
  "tip": "作名词称呼人有侮辱性，应避免使用。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "作名词称呼胖人时具有侮辱性。",
  "id": "fatty"
 },
 {
  "w": "jury",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒʊəri/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒʊri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陪审团",
    "en": "a group that decides facts in a court case"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "评审团",
    "en": "a group that judges entries in a competition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The jury listened carefully as the witness described the accident.",
    "zh": "证人描述事故经过时，陪审团认真聆听。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Serving on a jury allows ordinary citizens to participate directly in the administration of justice.",
    "zh": "担任陪审员让普通公民能够直接参与司法工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "serve on a jury｜担任陪审员",
   "jury verdict｜陪审团裁决",
   "jury member｜陪审团成员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "juror (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "jury指整个陪审团；单个陪审员叫juror。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jury"
 },
 {
  "w": "challenging",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有挑战性的；困难的",
    "en": "Difficult in a way that tests skills or determination."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "挑衅的；表示质疑的",
    "en": "Expressing doubt or inviting disagreement or competition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This challenging puzzle kept us busy all afternoon.",
    "zh": "这道有难度的谜题让我们忙了整整一下午。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing affordable healthcare in remote communities remains challenging because trained medical staff and essential equipment are often scarce.",
    "zh": "由于受过培训的医护人员和必要设备往往短缺，在偏远社区提供可负担的医疗服务仍然困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "challenging task｜艰巨的任务",
   "challenging environment｜充满挑战的环境",
   "intellectually challenging｜考验智力的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "challenge (n.)",
   "challenge (v.)",
   "challenger (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "demanding",
   "difficult"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "easy",
   "undemanding"
  ],
  "tip": "形容任务有难度用challenging，不用challenged。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "challenging"
 },
 {
  "w": "sparkle",
  "uk": "/ˈspɑːkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈspɑːrkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "闪烁；闪耀",
    "en": "to shine with small, bright flashes of light"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "闪光；活力",
    "en": "bright flashes of light, or a lively, exciting quality"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tiny crystals sparkle whenever sunlight enters the room.",
    "zh": "每当阳光照进房间，那些小水晶就闪闪发亮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although the river sparkles in the sunlight, regular testing is necessary to assess its water quality.",
    "zh": "尽管河水在阳光下波光粼粼，仍需定期检测以评估水质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sparkle in the sunlight｜在阳光下闪耀",
   "eyes sparkle｜眼睛闪闪发亮",
   "add sparkle to｜为……增添活力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sparkling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "glitter",
   "twinkle"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sparkle强调点点闪光；shine泛指发光。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sparkle"
 },
 {
  "w": "beware",
  "uk": "/bɪˈweə/",
  "us": "/bɪˈwer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "当心；提防",
    "en": "to be careful about a possible danger or problem"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Beware of slippery rocks when you cross the stream.",
    "zh": "过溪流时要当心湿滑的石头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers should beware of online offers that promise expensive products at unusually low prices.",
    "zh": "消费者应提防声称以异常低价出售昂贵商品的网络优惠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "beware of scams｜提防骗局",
   "beware of imitations｜谨防仿冒品",
   "let the buyer beware｜买方须自行谨慎"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "watch out"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用于警告：beware of＋名词；不用作普通过去式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "beware"
 },
 {
  "w": "Venus",
  "uk": "/ˈviːnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈviːnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金星",
    "en": "The planet second closest to the Sun."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "维纳斯，罗马爱与美之神",
    "en": "The goddess of love and beauty in Roman mythology."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spotted Venus shining brightly just after sunset.",
    "zh": "日落后不久，我们看到了明亮的金星。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying the thick atmosphere of Venus helps scientists understand how greenhouse gases influence planetary temperatures.",
    "zh": "研究金星浓厚的大气层有助于科学家理解温室气体如何影响行星温度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the atmosphere of Venus｜金星的大气层",
   "the surface of Venus｜金星表面",
   "a mission to Venus｜金星探测任务"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "专有名词，首字母大写；金星通常不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "venus"
 },
 {
  "w": "embrace",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈbreɪs/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈbreɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "欣然接受；采纳",
    "en": "to willingly accept an idea, change, or opportunity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拥抱",
    "en": "to hold someone closely in your arms"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拥抱",
    "en": "an act of holding someone closely in your arms"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandparents have embraced video calls to stay connected.",
    "zh": "我的祖父母欣然接受了用视频通话保持联系的方式。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools that embrace new technology should also ensure that all students have equal access to digital resources.",
    "zh": "欣然采用新技术的学校也应确保所有学生都能平等获取数字资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "embrace change｜欣然接受变化",
   "embrace an opportunity｜欣然把握机会",
   "a warm embrace｜热情的拥抱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "accept",
   "adopt",
   "hug"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reject"
  ],
  "tip": "表示接受时，常接change、idea等抽象名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "embrace"
 },
 {
  "w": "furthermore",
  "uk": "/ˌfɜːðəˈmɔː/",
  "us": "/ˌfɝːðɚˈmɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "此外；而且",
    "en": "In addition, introducing another point supporting what was said"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The flat is spacious; furthermore, it has a balcony.",
    "zh": "这套公寓很宽敞，而且还有一个阳台。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport reduces traffic congestion; furthermore, it can make cities more accessible to residents without cars.",
    "zh": "公共交通能缓解交通拥堵，此外还能让没有汽车的居民更方便地在城市中出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "furthermore, it is important｜此外，重要的是",
   "furthermore, evidence suggests｜此外，证据表明"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "moreover",
   "additionally"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式递进副词；连接完整句时，前面用句号或分号。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "furthermore"
 },
 {
  "w": "briefing",
  "uk": "/ˈbriːfɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈbriːfɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "情况介绍；简报会",
    "en": "a meeting or explanation giving essential information or instructions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our guide gave us a briefing before the hike.",
    "zh": "徒步出发前，向导向我们简要介绍了注意事项。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A clear safety briefing helps construction workers understand potential hazards before they begin unfamiliar tasks.",
    "zh": "清晰的安全说明有助于建筑工人在开始不熟悉的任务前了解潜在危险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "safety briefing｜安全说明会",
   "press briefing｜新闻简报会",
   "attend a briefing｜参加简报会",
   "briefing paper｜情况简介文件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "brief (v.)",
   "debrief (v.)",
   "debriefing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不只是书面简报，也常指口头说明或简报会。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "briefing"
 },
 {
  "w": "dense",
  "uk": "/dens/",
  "us": "/dens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "密集的；浓密的",
    "en": "Containing many things packed closely together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "晦涩难懂的",
    "en": "Difficult to understand because information is tightly packed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "愚钝的",
    "en": "Slow to understand things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dense fog hid the bridge from our kitchen window.",
    "zh": "浓雾遮住了从我们厨房窗口能看到的那座桥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Dense urban development can reduce travel distances, but it requires careful planning to preserve green spaces.",
    "zh": "高密度城市开发可以缩短出行距离，但需要精心规划以保留绿地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dense fog｜浓雾",
   "dense forest｜茂密的森林",
   "dense population｜密集的人口",
   "dense prose｜晦涩的散文"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "density (n.)",
   "densely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thick",
   "closely packed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sparse"
  ],
  "tip": "形容人愚钝时有冒犯意味；密集地用densely。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dense"
 },
 {
  "w": "desirable",
  "uk": "/dɪˈzaɪərəbl/",
  "us": "/dɪˈzaɪrəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "值得拥有的；可取的",
    "en": "Worth having or doing because it offers benefits."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A balcony makes this small flat much more desirable.",
    "zh": "阳台让这套小公寓更令人向往。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although economic growth is desirable, governments should also consider its effects on public health and the environment.",
    "zh": "虽然经济增长值得追求，但政府也应考虑其对公众健康和环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "highly desirable｜非常理想的",
   "desirable outcome｜理想的结果",
   "desirable qualities｜优秀的品质"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "desire (n.)",
   "desire (v.)",
   "desirability (n.)",
   "undesirable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "attractive",
   "appealing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "undesirable"
  ],
  "tip": "desirable指值得拥有；desirous指渴望的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "desirable"
 },
 {
  "w": "helpless",
  "uk": "/ˈhelpləs/",
  "us": "/ˈhelpləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无助的；无力应对的",
    "en": "Unable to protect yourself or change a difficult situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt helpless when the lift suddenly stopped moving.",
    "zh": "电梯突然停止运行时，我感到很无助。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without accessible support services, elderly people may feel helpless when trying to manage increasingly complex digital systems.",
    "zh": "如果缺乏易于获得的支持服务，老年人在尝试操作日益复杂的数字系统时可能会感到无助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel helpless｜感到无助",
   "a helpless victim｜无助的受害者",
   "helpless against｜面对……无能为力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "help (v.)",
   "helplessly (adv.)",
   "helplessness (n.)",
   "helpful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "powerless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "self-reliant"
  ],
  "tip": "helpless是无助的；unhelpful是不肯帮忙或无用的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "helpless"
 },
 {
  "w": "inevitable",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈevɪtəbl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈevɪtəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不可避免的；必然的",
    "en": "Certain to happen and impossible to prevent"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "With traffic this heavy, a delay seems inevitable.",
    "zh": "交通这么拥堵，延误似乎不可避免。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some job losses may be inevitable as factories introduce machines that perform routine tasks more efficiently.",
    "zh": "随着工厂引入能更高效完成常规任务的机器，一些岗位流失可能难以避免。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inevitable consequences｜不可避免的后果",
   "inevitable change｜必然的变化",
   "almost inevitable｜几乎不可避免的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inevitably (adv.)",
   "inevitability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unavoidable",
   "inescapable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "avoidable"
  ],
  "tip": "常用it is inevitable that…表示“……不可避免”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inevitable"
 },
 {
  "w": "brighten",
  "uk": "/ˈbraɪtən/",
  "us": "/ˈbraɪtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使明亮；变亮",
    "en": "To become lighter or make something lighter or more colourful."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使高兴；变得愉快",
    "en": "To become happier or make someone feel happier."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These yellow curtains really brighten our small kitchen.",
    "zh": "这些黄色窗帘确实让我们的小厨房明亮了许多。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting colourful flowers can brighten neglected public spaces and encourage residents to take greater pride in their neighbourhood.",
    "zh": "种植色彩鲜艳的花卉可以让无人照管的公共空间焕发生机，并增强居民对社区的自豪感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "brighten a room｜使房间明亮",
   "brighten someone's day｜让某人一天心情愉快",
   "brighten up｜变明亮；振作起来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bright (adj.)",
   "brightly (adv.)",
   "brightness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lighten",
   "illuminate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "darken"
  ],
  "tip": "可及物也可不及物；brighten up也指心情好转。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brighten"
 },
 {
  "w": "tribe",
  "uk": "/traɪb/",
  "us": "/traɪb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "部落；部族",
    "en": "a social group sharing ancestry, traditions, and community ties"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The guide belongs to a tribe from this valley.",
    "zh": "这位向导属于这个山谷中的一个部族。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Development projects should respect the land rights and cultural traditions of local tribes.",
    "zh": "开发项目应尊重当地部族的土地权利和文化传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tribal traditions｜部族传统",
   "a nomadic tribe｜游牧部落",
   "members of a tribe｜部落成员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tribal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指特定社群时，宜尊重其自称，避免泛称。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tribe"
 },
 {
  "w": "highlight",
  "uk": "/ˈhaɪlaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈhaɪlaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "突出；强调",
    "en": "Draw attention to something important or especially noticeable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "最精彩或最重要的部分",
    "en": "The best or most memorable part of an experience."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用荧光笔标出",
    "en": "Mark words with bright colour to make them noticeable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The boat ride was the highlight of our holiday.",
    "zh": "乘船游览是我们假期中最精彩的部分。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recent studies highlight the importance of accessible green spaces for the physical and mental health of urban residents.",
    "zh": "近期研究强调，方便到达的绿地对城市居民的身心健康十分重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "highlight a problem｜突出一个问题",
   "highlight the importance of｜强调……的重要性",
   "the highlight of the trip｜旅途中最精彩的部分"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "emphasise",
   "underline"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "downplay"
  ],
  "tip": "作动词直接接宾语：highlight the problem。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "highlight"
 },
 {
  "w": "bold",
  "uk": "/bəʊld/",
  "us": "/boʊld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大胆的；勇敢的",
    "en": "Willing to take risks or act with confidence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "醒目的；鲜明的",
    "en": "Strong and easily noticed in colour, shape, or design."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "粗体的",
    "en": "Printed with thicker, darker lines than ordinary type."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She made a bold decision to open her own bakery.",
    "zh": "她大胆决定开一家自己的面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments need bold policies to address housing shortages while protecting green spaces and supporting affordable development.",
    "zh": "政府需要大胆的政策来解决住房短缺，同时保护绿地并支持可负担住房的开发。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bold decision｜大胆的决定",
   "bold colours｜鲜明的色彩",
   "bold type｜粗体字",
   "bold approach｜大胆的做法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "boldly (adv.)",
   "boldness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "daring",
   "confident"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "timid",
   "cautious"
  ],
  "tip": "in bold表示“用粗体”，常用于排版说明。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bold"
 },
 {
  "w": "odds",
  "uk": "/ɒdz/",
  "us": "/ɑːdz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可能性；机会",
    "en": "The likelihood that something will happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "投注赔率",
    "en": "The ratio determining how much a successful bet pays."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The odds of finding my keys here are low.",
    "zh": "在这里找到我钥匙的可能性很小。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to affordable healthcare can improve the odds of recovery for patients with chronic illnesses.",
    "zh": "获得负担得起的医疗服务可以提高慢性病患者康复的可能性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the odds of success｜成功的可能性",
   "against all odds｜尽管困难重重",
   "at odds with｜与……不一致",
   "improve the odds｜提高成功机会"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "chances",
   "likelihood"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "odds用复数形式，常接of或that从句。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "odds"
 },
 {
  "w": "cooperation",
  "uk": "/kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/koʊˌɑːpəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "合作；协作",
    "en": "the act of working together towards a shared goal"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "配合；协助",
    "en": "willingness to help or do what someone requests"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cleaning the shared kitchen requires cooperation from everyone.",
    "zh": "清洁共用厨房需要大家的配合。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International cooperation is essential for addressing environmental problems that extend beyond the borders of individual countries.",
    "zh": "应对跨越单个国家边界的环境问题，国际合作至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "international cooperation｜国际合作",
   "close cooperation｜密切合作",
   "in cooperation with｜与……合作",
   "full cooperation｜充分配合"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cooperate (v.)",
   "cooperative (adj.)",
   "cooperatively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "collaboration",
   "teamwork"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "non-cooperation"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；与……合作用in cooperation with。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cooperation"
 },
 {
  "w": "fraction",
  "uk": "/ˈfrækʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈfrækʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小部分；少量",
    "en": "a small part or amount of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分数",
    "en": "a mathematical quantity representing part of a whole"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This jacket costs a fraction of the original price.",
    "zh": "这件夹克的售价只是原价的一小部分。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Only a small fraction of household waste is recycled in some rapidly growing cities.",
    "zh": "在一些快速发展的城市，只有少量生活垃圾得到回收利用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fraction of｜……的一小部分",
   "a small fraction｜很小一部分",
   "a fraction of a second｜极短的一瞬",
   "simple fraction｜简单分数"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fractional (adj.)",
   "fractionally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "portion",
   "part"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a fraction of常强调占比极小，不只是一般部分。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fraction"
 },
 {
  "w": "flexibility",
  "uk": "/ˌfleksəˈbɪləti/",
  "us": "/ˌfleksəˈbɪləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灵活性；变通能力",
    "en": "the ability to change or adapt to different needs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "柔韧性",
    "en": "the ability to bend or stretch easily"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This job gives me flexibility to collect my daughter.",
    "zh": "这份工作时间灵活，方便我去接女儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Greater flexibility in working hours can help employees balance professional responsibilities with family commitments.",
    "zh": "更灵活的工作时间能帮助员工平衡工作职责与家庭义务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "offer flexibility｜提供灵活性",
   "greater flexibility｜更大的灵活性",
   "improve flexibility｜提高柔韧性",
   "flexibility in working hours｜工作时间的灵活性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flexible (adj.)",
   "flexibly (adv.)",
   "inflexible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adaptability",
   "versatility"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rigidity",
   "inflexibility"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指安排可变通，也可指身体或材料的柔韧性。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flexibility"
 },
 {
  "w": "whip",
  "uk": "/wɪp/",
  "us": "/wɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鞭子",
    "en": "A flexible strip attached to a handle, used for striking."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "鞭打；迅速抽动",
    "en": "To strike with a whip or move something suddenly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "搅打（奶油等）",
    "en": "To beat food quickly to make it light and thick."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An old leather whip hung beside the stable door.",
    "zh": "马厩门旁挂着一根旧皮鞭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During practical lessons, culinary students learn to whip cream and prepare healthier alternatives to commercial desserts.",
    "zh": "在实操课上，烹饪专业学生学习打发奶油，并制作比市售甜点更健康的替代品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a leather whip｜皮鞭",
   "whip cream｜打发奶油",
   "whip out｜迅速拿出",
   "whip up a meal｜迅速做顿饭"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "whipped (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lash"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "whip cream是打发奶油；双写p加-ed或-ing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "whip"
 },
 {
  "w": "criticize",
  "uk": "/ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "批评；指责",
    "en": "express disapproval of someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't criticize my cooking before you taste it.",
    "zh": "请别还没尝就批评我的厨艺。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many residents criticize the council for prioritizing road construction over improvements to public transport.",
    "zh": "许多居民批评地方议会优先修建道路，而非改善公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strongly criticize｜强烈批评",
   "criticize someone for something｜因某事批评某人",
   "widely criticized｜受到广泛批评"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "criticism (n.)",
   "critic (n.)",
   "critical (adj.)",
   "critically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fault",
   "condemn"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "praise"
  ],
  "tip": "criticize sb for sth；英式也常拼作criticise。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "criticize"
 },
 {
  "w": "completion",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpliːʃən/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpliːʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "完成；竣工",
    "en": "The act or state of finishing something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our kitchen renovation is finally nearing completion this week.",
    "zh": "我们的厨房翻修这周终于接近完工了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The completion of the new railway is expected to improve access to employment in rural communities.",
    "zh": "新铁路的竣工预计将改善农村居民的就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on completion｜完成时",
   "near completion｜接近完工",
   "successful completion｜顺利完成",
   "completion date｜完工日期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "complete (v.)",
   "complete (adj.)",
   "completely (adv.)",
   "incomplete (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用on completion of表示“在……完成时”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "completion"
 },
 {
  "w": "nonsense",
  "uk": "/ˈnɒnsəns/",
  "us": "/ˈnɑːnsens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胡说；无意义的话",
    "en": "words or ideas that are absurd or have no meaning"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "愚蠢行为；胡闹",
    "en": "silly or unacceptable behaviour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That story about a flying bicycle is complete nonsense.",
    "zh": "那个关于会飞的自行车的故事完全是胡说。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach students to distinguish reliable evidence from nonsense circulated through social media platforms.",
    "zh": "学校应教学生区分可靠证据和社交媒体平台上传播的无稽之谈。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "talk nonsense｜胡说八道",
   "complete nonsense｜一派胡言",
   "a load of nonsense｜一堆废话",
   "put up with nonsense｜容忍胡闹"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nonsensical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rubbish",
   "absurdity"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sense"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；说一派胡言可用 complete nonsense。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nonsense"
 },
 {
  "w": "academy",
  "uk": "/əˈkædəmi/",
  "us": "/əˈkædəmi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专门学校；学院",
    "en": "A school providing training in a particular subject or skill."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学会；研究院",
    "en": "An organization promoting scholarship, science, or the arts."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She attends a dance academy near the station.",
    "zh": "她在车站附近的一所舞蹈学校上学。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-funded arts academy can provide talented young people with training they could not otherwise afford.",
    "zh": "一所资金充足的艺术学院可以为有才华的年轻人提供他们原本负担不起的培训。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a music academy｜音乐学院",
   "a military academy｜军事学院",
   "an academy of sciences｜科学院"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "academic (adj.)",
   "academically (adv.)",
   "academician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指专业培训院校或学术机构，不一定是大学。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "academy"
 },
 {
  "w": "estimate",
  "uk": "/ˈestɪmeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈestəmeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "估计；估算",
    "en": "To judge an approximate amount, value, or size."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "估计；估价",
    "en": "An approximate calculation of an amount, value, or cost."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We estimate the repairs will take about three days.",
    "zh": "我们估计维修大约需要三天。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers estimate that improved public transport could significantly reduce the number of cars entering city centres.",
    "zh": "研究人员估计，改善公共交通可显著减少进入市中心的汽车数量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "estimate the cost｜估算费用",
   "a rough estimate｜粗略估计",
   "a conservative estimate｜保守估计",
   "be estimated at｜估计为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "estimation (n.)",
   "estimated (adj.)",
   "overestimate (v.)",
   "underestimate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "approximate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词末尾读/eɪt/；名词末尾读/ət/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "estimate"
 },
 {
  "w": "critic",
  "uk": "/ˈkrɪtɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈkrɪtɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "评论家；评论员",
    "en": "Someone who judges and discusses artistic works professionally."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "批评者；反对者",
    "en": "Someone who expresses disapproval of a person, policy, or idea."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The film critic praised the young actor's performance.",
    "zh": "那位影评人赞扬了年轻演员的表演。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Critics of urban expansion argue that new developments often destroy valuable habitats and increase car dependence.",
    "zh": "城市扩张的批评者认为，新开发项目往往破坏宝贵的栖息地，并增加人们对汽车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "film critic｜影评人",
   "literary critic｜文学评论家",
   "an outspoken critic｜直言不讳的批评者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "criticism (n.)",
   "criticise (v.)",
   "critical (adj.)",
   "critically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reviewer",
   "commentator"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "critic指人，criticism指批评或评论。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "critic"
 },
 {
  "w": "notable",
  "uk": "/ˈnəʊtəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈnoʊtəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "显著的；值得注意的",
    "en": "important or unusual enough to deserve attention"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "名人；要人",
    "en": "a famous or important person, especially in a particular community"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her balcony is notable for its bright yellow flowers.",
    "zh": "她家的阳台因鲜艳的黄色花朵而引人注目。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The city has achieved a notable reduction in air pollution since introducing stricter vehicle standards.",
    "zh": "自实施更严格的车辆标准以来，该市的空气污染已显著减少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a notable achievement｜显著成就",
   "a notable exception｜值得注意的例外",
   "notable for｜以……而引人注目"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "notably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "remarkable",
   "significant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unremarkable"
  ],
  "tip": "notable for表示因……而出名或引人注意。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "notable"
 },
 {
  "w": "sulphur",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌlfə/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌlfər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "硫；硫磺",
    "en": "a yellow chemical element used in industry and agriculture"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The guide showed us yellow sulphur near the volcano.",
    "zh": "导游给我们看了火山附近黄色的硫磺。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Burning fuels containing sulphur releases gases that contribute to acid rain and damage natural ecosystems.",
    "zh": "燃烧含硫燃料会释放促成酸雨的气体，破坏自然生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sulphur dioxide｜二氧化硫",
   "sulphur content｜含硫量",
   "sulphur deposits｜硫磺矿床"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sulphuric (adj.)",
   "sulphurous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sulphur是传统英式拼写；科学文献常用sulfur。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sulphur"
 },
 {
  "w": "undertake",
  "uk": "/ˌʌndəˈteɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌʌndərˈteɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "承担；着手进行",
    "en": "Accept responsibility for a task and begin doing it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "承诺；答应",
    "en": "Promise to do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We undertook the repairs ourselves to save money.",
    "zh": "我们自己动手维修，以节省开支。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should undertake further research before recommending major changes to national education policy.",
    "zh": "大学应在建议对国家教育政策作重大调整之前开展进一步研究。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "undertake research｜开展研究",
   "undertake a task｜承担任务",
   "undertake to do something｜承诺做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "undertaking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式undertook，过去分词undertaken。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "undertake"
 },
 {
  "w": "hatch",
  "uk": "/hætʃ/",
  "us": "/hætʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "孵化；孵出",
    "en": "to emerge from an egg, or cause this to happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "舱口；小开口",
    "en": "an opening in a floor, ceiling, or wall"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "秘密策划",
    "en": "to develop a plan, often secretly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched three chicks hatch on the farm yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们在农场看着三只小鸡破壳而出。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising temperatures can affect when turtle eggs hatch, potentially reducing the survival chances of young turtles.",
    "zh": "气温上升会影响海龟卵的孵化时间，可能降低幼龟的存活机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hatch an egg｜孵蛋",
   "hatch a plan｜秘密策划",
   "escape hatch｜逃生舱口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hatching (n.)",
   "hatchling (n.)",
   "hatchery (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示孵化用动词；名词常指舱口或小开口。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hatch"
 },
 {
  "w": "lime",
  "uk": "/laɪm/",
  "us": "/laɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酸橙；青柠",
    "en": "A small citrus fruit with green skin and sour juice."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "石灰",
    "en": "A white calcium compound used in building and soil treatment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "黄绿色；青柠绿",
    "en": "A bright, pale colour between green and yellow."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She squeezed a lime over the warm rice.",
    "zh": "她往热米饭上挤了些青柠汁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers may apply lime to acidic soils to improve growing conditions and increase crop productivity.",
    "zh": "农民可以向酸性土壤施用石灰，以改善生长条件并提高作物产量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lime juice｜青柠汁",
   "a slice of lime｜一片青柠",
   "agricultural lime｜农用石灰",
   "lime green｜青柠绿"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "水果义可数，石灰义不可数；lemon是柠檬。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lime"
 },
 {
  "w": "overseas",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈsiːz/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvɚˈsiːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在海外；到国外",
    "en": "in or to a foreign country"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "海外的；国外的",
    "en": "located in, coming from, or relating to foreign countries"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin moved overseas and calls us every weekend.",
    "zh": "我表亲搬到了国外，每个周末都给我们打电话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying overseas can broaden students' perspectives, although adapting to a different culture often takes time.",
    "zh": "出国留学能拓宽学生的视野，不过适应不同文化往往需要时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study overseas｜出国留学",
   "work overseas｜在海外工作",
   "overseas markets｜海外市场",
   "overseas students｜海外留学生"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "abroad"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作副词前不加to：go overseas；也可修饰名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overseas"
 },
 {
  "w": "immigrate",
  "uk": "/ˈɪmɪɡreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪmɪɡreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "移民入境；移居",
    "en": "To move to another country to live there permanently."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her grandparents immigrated to Canada and opened a bakery.",
    "zh": "她的祖父母移居加拿大，开了一家面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who immigrate often contribute valuable skills to their host countries while adapting to unfamiliar social customs.",
    "zh": "移民在适应陌生社会习俗的同时，往往也为移入国贡献宝贵的技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "immigrate to a country｜移居某国",
   "immigrate from abroad｜从国外移入"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "immigration (n.)",
   "immigrant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "emigrate"
  ],
  "tip": "immigrate to强调移入；emigrate from强调移出。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "immigrate"
 },
 {
  "w": "bark",
  "uk": "/bɑːk/",
  "us": "/bɑːrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吠叫",
    "en": "to make the short, loud sound of a dog"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狗叫声",
    "en": "a short, loud sound made by a dog"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "树皮",
    "en": "the outer protective layer of a tree trunk or branch"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our dog barks whenever someone knocks on the door.",
    "zh": "每当有人敲门，我们的狗就会叫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The bark of mature trees provides shelter for insects and helps protect the trunk from damage.",
    "zh": "成年树木的树皮为昆虫提供庇护，也有助于保护树干免受损伤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bark at someone｜冲某人吠叫",
   "a loud bark｜一声响亮的狗叫",
   "tree bark｜树皮"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "狗叫声可数；树皮通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bark"
 },
 {
  "w": "deforestation",
  "uk": "/ˌdiːfɒrɪˈsteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdiːfɔːrɪˈsteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "森林砍伐；毁林",
    "en": "The clearing of forests by cutting down trees."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Deforestation has left the hillside bare and dusty.",
    "zh": "森林砍伐使山坡变得光秃秃、尘土飞扬。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing deforestation can protect wildlife habitats and help limit the effects of climate change.",
    "zh": "减少森林砍伐可以保护野生动物栖息地，并有助于减轻气候变化的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prevent deforestation｜防止毁林",
   "widespread deforestation｜大规模毁林",
   "tropical deforestation｜热带森林砍伐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deforest (v.)",
   "forest (n.)",
   "reforestation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "reforestation"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；常用于栖息地丧失和气候变化话题。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deforestation"
 },
 {
  "w": "attendant",
  "uk": "/əˈtendənt/",
  "us": "/əˈtendənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "服务员；工作人员",
    "en": "Someone employed to help people in a public place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "伴随的；随之而来的",
    "en": "Occurring together with something, often as a consequence."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The flight attendant brought an extra blanket for my daughter.",
    "zh": "乘务员给我女儿又拿来了一条毯子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities must consider population growth and its attendant pressures when planning new public transport networks.",
    "zh": "城市在规划新的公共交通网络时，必须考虑人口增长及其带来的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flight attendant｜航空乘务员",
   "car park attendant｜停车场管理员",
   "attendant risks｜随之而来的风险"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attend (v.)",
   "attendance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "attendant常指服务人员；参会者通常用attendee。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attendant"
 },
 {
  "w": "sorrow",
  "uk": "/ˈsɒrəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈsɑːroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "悲伤；悲痛",
    "en": "deep sadness caused by loss or disappointment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She felt deep sorrow when her closest friend moved away.",
    "zh": "最亲密的朋友搬走时，她感到深深的悲伤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community support can help people cope with sorrow after the loss of a loved one.",
    "zh": "社区支持可以帮助人们应对失去亲人后的悲痛。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deep sorrow｜深切的悲痛",
   "express sorrow｜表达悲伤",
   "in sorrow｜悲伤地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sorrowful (adj.)",
   "sorrowfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sadness",
   "grief"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "joy"
  ],
  "tip": "表示悲伤情绪通常不可数；具体伤心事可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sorrow"
 },
 {
  "w": "excursion",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈskɜːʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈskɝːʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "短途旅行；远足",
    "en": "A short journey made for pleasure, often with a group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We packed sandwiches for our excursion to the lake.",
    "zh": "我们为去湖边的短途旅行准备了三明治。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School excursions to nature reserves can deepen students' understanding of local wildlife and conservation.",
    "zh": "学校组织的自然保护区游览能加深学生对当地野生生物及其保护的理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go on an excursion｜去短途旅行",
   "a day excursion｜一日游",
   "a school excursion｜学校组织的游览"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "outing",
   "trip"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指集体休闲短途旅行，搭配go on。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "excursion"
 },
 {
  "w": "disable",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈeɪbəl/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈeɪbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "禁用；使停止运作",
    "en": "to prevent a device or feature from working"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使伤残；使丧失能力",
    "en": "to cause a condition that limits someone's activities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I disabled notifications so my phone stayed quiet during dinner.",
    "zh": "我关闭了通知，让手机在吃晚饭时保持安静。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Users should be able to disable location tracking without losing access to essential digital services.",
    "zh": "用户应当能够禁用位置追踪，而不失去使用基本数字服务的权限。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disable notifications｜禁用通知",
   "disable an alarm｜关闭警报器",
   "disable location tracking｜禁用位置追踪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disabled (adj.)",
   "disability (n.)",
   "disabling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deactivate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "enable",
   "activate"
  ],
  "tip": "技术语境常指“禁用”，不表示删除或损坏。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disable"
 },
 {
  "w": "recall",
  "uk": "/rɪˈkɔːl/",
  "us": "/rɪˈkɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "回想起；记得",
    "en": "to remember something from the past"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "召回；收回",
    "en": "to order someone back or request the return of products"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "记忆力；产品召回",
    "en": "the ability to remember, or an official request for returns"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I still recall the smell of my grandmother's kitchen.",
    "zh": "我仍然记得祖母厨房里的气味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Manufacturers should recall faulty products promptly to protect consumers and maintain public trust in safety standards.",
    "zh": "制造商应及时召回有缺陷的产品，以保护消费者并维持公众对安全标准的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "recall a detail｜回想起一个细节",
   "recall doing something｜记得做过某事",
   "product recall｜产品召回",
   "total recall｜完整的记忆能力"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "remember",
   "recollect"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "forget"
  ],
  "tip": "表示记得做过某事用 recall doing，不用 to do。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recall"
 },
 {
  "w": "magnificent",
  "uk": "/mæɡˈnɪfɪsənt/",
  "us": "/mæɡˈnɪfɪsənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "壮丽的；宏伟的",
    "en": "Extremely beautiful, grand, or impressive."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极出色的",
    "en": "Exceptionally good or skilfully done."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The balcony offers a magnificent view of snowy mountains.",
    "zh": "从阳台可以欣赏到壮丽的雪山景色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving magnificent historic buildings can strengthen local identity and attract visitors from other regions.",
    "zh": "保护宏伟的历史建筑能增强当地认同感，并吸引其他地区的游客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "magnificent scenery｜壮丽的景色",
   "a magnificent building｜宏伟的建筑",
   "a magnificent achievement｜卓越的成就"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "magnificence (n.)",
   "magnificently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "splendid",
   "spectacular",
   "superb"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "多形容景色、建筑或成就，不表示品德高尚。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "magnificent"
 },
 {
  "w": "appreciation",
  "uk": "/əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "感激；感谢",
    "en": "A feeling of gratitude for someone's help or kindness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "欣赏；理解",
    "en": "Recognition and understanding of something's value, quality, or importance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "升值；增值",
    "en": "An increase in the financial value of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We baked our neighbour a cake to show our appreciation.",
    "zh": "我们为邻居烤了一个蛋糕，以表达感谢。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Arts education can develop students' appreciation of cultural traditions that differ from their own.",
    "zh": "艺术教育能培养学生对不同于自身文化的传统的欣赏能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "show appreciation｜表达感激",
   "in appreciation of｜为感谢",
   "an appreciation of art｜对艺术的欣赏",
   "currency appreciation｜货币升值"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "appreciate (v.)",
   "appreciative (adj.)",
   "appreciatively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gratitude",
   "recognition"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "depreciation"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；an appreciation of可指对某事的理解。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "appreciation"
 },
 {
  "w": "burden",
  "uk": "/ˈbɜːdən/",
  "us": "/ˈbɝːdən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "负担；重担",
    "en": "a heavy load, difficult duty, or source of worry"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使负担；使烦恼",
    "en": "to give someone a heavy responsibility or worry"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sharing the housework eased the burden on my father.",
    "zh": "分担家务减轻了父亲的负担。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable childcare can reduce the financial burden on families and help parents return to work.",
    "zh": "价格可负担的托育服务可以减轻家庭的经济负担，帮助父母重返职场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "financial burden｜经济负担",
   "ease the burden｜减轻负担",
   "bear the burden｜承担重担",
   "be burdened with debt｜背负债务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "burdensome (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "load"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "relief"
  ],
  "tip": "负担落在某人身上用a burden on someone。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "burden"
 },
 {
  "w": "sufficiently",
  "uk": "/səˈfɪʃəntli/",
  "us": "/səˈfɪʃəntli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "足够地；充分地",
    "en": "to the degree needed for a particular purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup had cooled sufficiently for us to eat.",
    "zh": "汤已经凉到我们可以喝的程度了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport must be sufficiently reliable to persuade commuters to leave their cars at home.",
    "zh": "公共交通必须足够可靠，才能说服通勤者不开私家车出行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sufficiently clear｜足够清楚",
   "sufficiently prepared｜准备充分",
   "sufficiently large｜足够大"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sufficient (adj.)",
   "sufficiency (n.)",
   "insufficient (adj.)",
   "insufficiently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adequately",
   "enough"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "insufficiently",
   "inadequately"
  ],
  "tip": "修饰形容词时放在其前；enough则放在其后。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sufficiently"
 },
 {
  "w": "vibrate",
  "uk": "/vaɪˈbreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈvaɪbreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "振动；使振动",
    "en": "To shake rapidly with small movements, or cause this movement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My phone vibrated against the keys in my pocket.",
    "zh": "手机在口袋里振动，碰得钥匙直响。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Heavy traffic can cause nearby buildings to vibrate, affecting residents' comfort and potentially damaging older structures.",
    "zh": "繁忙的交通会使附近建筑物振动，影响居民的舒适度，并可能损坏老旧建筑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vibrate gently｜轻轻振动",
   "vibrate rapidly｜快速振动",
   "vibrate mode｜振动模式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vibration (n.)",
   "vibrating (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shake",
   "quiver"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指快速、小幅度振动，不等于大幅摇摆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vibrate"
 },
 {
  "w": "almond",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːmənd/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːmənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "扁桃仁；扁桃树",
    "en": "an edible oval nut, or the tree that produces it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sprinkled chopped almonds over her bowl of porridge.",
    "zh": "她在那碗燕麦粥上撒了些切碎的扁桃仁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Almond production requires substantial irrigation in some regions, raising concerns about the sustainability of local water supplies.",
    "zh": "一些地区的扁桃种植需要大量灌溉，引发了对当地供水可持续性的担忧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "roasted almonds｜烤扁桃仁",
   "almond milk｜扁桃仁奶",
   "ground almonds｜扁桃仁粉",
   "almond blossom｜扁桃花"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指扁桃仁（巴旦木），并非杏核中的杏仁。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "almond"
 },
 {
  "w": "lad",
  "uk": "/læd/",
  "us": "/læd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男孩；小伙子",
    "en": "A boy or young man, especially in informal British English."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A friendly lad helped us carry the bags.",
    "zh": "一个友善的小伙子帮我们提了袋子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As a young lad, the novelist experienced rural poverty, which later became a central theme in his work.",
    "zh": "这位小说家年少时经历过乡村贫困，这后来成为他作品的核心主题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a young lad｜小伙子",
   "a local lad｜本地小伙子",
   "a teenage lad｜十几岁的男孩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "laddish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "boy",
   "young man"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "偏英式口语；正式写作宜用boy或young man。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lad"
 },
 {
  "w": "disorder",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈɔːdə/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈɔːrdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疾病；身心失调",
    "en": "a condition that disrupts normal physical or mental functioning"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "混乱；杂乱",
    "en": "a state in which things are not properly arranged"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "骚乱",
    "en": "uncontrolled public behaviour that disturbs peace or safety"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A sleep disorder kept him awake most nights.",
    "zh": "睡眠障碍让他大多数夜晚都无法入睡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early treatment of anxiety disorders can improve students' wellbeing and help them participate more fully in education.",
    "zh": "尽早治疗焦虑障碍能改善学生的身心状态，帮助他们更充分地参与学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sleep disorder｜睡眠障碍",
   "eating disorder｜进食障碍",
   "in disorder｜杂乱无章",
   "public disorder｜公共秩序混乱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "order (n.)",
   "disordered (adj.)",
   "disorderly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "疾病义可数；杂乱或骚乱义通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disorder"
 },
 {
  "w": "migrate",
  "uk": "/maɪˈɡreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈmaɪɡreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "迁徙；移居",
    "en": "to move to another region, seasonally or to live there"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "迁移数据或系统",
    "en": "to move data or software to a different computer system"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These birds migrate south when the weather turns cold.",
    "zh": "天气转冷时，这些鸟会向南迁徙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many young adults migrate to urban areas because employment opportunities are often limited in rural communities.",
    "zh": "许多年轻人迁居城市，因为农村地区的就业机会往往有限。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "migrate south｜向南迁徙",
   "migrate to cities｜迁居城市",
   "migrate data｜迁移数据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "migration (n.)",
   "migrant (n.)",
   "migratory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "relocate",
   "move"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "migrate强调迁移；immigrate移入，emigrate移出。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "migrate"
 },
 {
  "w": "socialist",
  "uk": "/ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈsoʊʃəlɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "社会主义的",
    "en": "relating to collective ownership and more equal distribution of wealth"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "社会主义者",
    "en": "someone who supports socialism"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our reading group discussed socialist ideas over tea.",
    "zh": "我们读书小组边喝茶边讨论社会主义思想。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Socialist policies often seek to reduce economic inequality through public ownership and the redistribution of wealth.",
    "zh": "社会主义政策通常力图通过公有制和财富再分配来减少经济不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "socialist policies｜社会主义政策",
   "socialist movement｜社会主义运动",
   "socialist economy｜社会主义经济"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "socialism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "socialist指社会主义的；social仅指社会的或社交的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "socialist"
 },
 {
  "w": "lobster",
  "uk": "/ˈlɒbstə/",
  "us": "/ˈlɑːbstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "龙虾；龙虾肉",
    "en": "A large sea animal with a hard shell and claws."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a lobster crawl across the rocky seabed.",
    "zh": "我们看着一只龙虾爬过多石的海床。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restrictions on lobster fishing can protect marine ecosystems while supporting the long-term livelihoods of coastal communities.",
    "zh": "限制龙虾捕捞既能保护海洋生态系统，也能保障沿海社区的长远生计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lobster fishing｜龙虾捕捞",
   "lobster tail｜龙虾尾",
   "lobster pot｜捕龙虾笼"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指动物时可数；指作为食物的虾肉时不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lobster"
 },
 {
  "w": "sector",
  "uk": "/ˈsektə/",
  "us": "/ˈsektər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行业；部门；领域",
    "en": "A particular part of an economy or area of activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "区域；地段",
    "en": "A particular section of a larger area."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "扇形",
    "en": "A circle's part enclosed by two radii and an arc."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister works in the banking sector now.",
    "zh": "我姐姐现在在银行业工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in the renewable energy sector can create jobs while reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "投资可再生能源行业可以创造就业，同时减少对进口化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the public sector｜公共部门",
   "the private sector｜私营部门",
   "the manufacturing sector｜制造业",
   "the service sector｜服务业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sectoral (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sector常指经济中的某个行业，不一定是公司部门。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sector"
 },
 {
  "w": "burial",
  "uk": "/ˈberiəl/",
  "us": "/ˈberiəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "埋葬；葬礼",
    "en": "the act or ceremony of placing a dead body underground"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The family gathered quietly for the burial yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天，一家人静静地聚在一起参加葬礼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ancient burial sites provide valuable evidence about the beliefs and social structures of past communities.",
    "zh": "古代墓葬遗址为了解过去社会的信仰和社会结构提供了宝贵证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "burial site｜墓葬遗址",
   "burial ground｜墓地",
   "burial customs｜丧葬习俗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bury (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "interment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "burial重在入土安葬；funeral泛指葬礼仪式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "burial"
 },
 {
  "w": "warmth",
  "uk": "/wɔːmθ/",
  "us": "/wɔːrmθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "温暖；暖和",
    "en": "A comfortable level of heat."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "热情；亲切",
    "en": "Friendly affection shown in someone's behaviour or manner."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We enjoyed the warmth of the fire after our walk.",
    "zh": "散步回来后，我们享受着炉火的温暖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The warmth of community relationships can help older residents feel supported and reduce their sense of isolation.",
    "zh": "社区人际关系中的温情能让老年居民感受到支持，减少他们的孤独感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "for warmth｜为了取暖",
   "the warmth of the sun｜阳光的温暖",
   "human warmth｜人情温暖",
   "warmth and kindness｜热情与友善"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "warm (adj.)",
   "warm (v.)",
   "warmly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "heat",
   "friendliness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "coldness"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；既指温度舒适，也指待人亲切。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "warmth"
 },
 {
  "w": "watt",
  "uk": "/wɒt/",
  "us": "/wɑːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瓦特（功率单位）",
    "en": "a unit used to measure power"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small lamp uses only five watts of power.",
    "zh": "这盏小灯的功率只有五瓦。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Comparing the watts required by different appliances helps consumers choose models that use less electricity.",
    "zh": "比较不同电器所需的瓦数，有助于消费者选择更省电的型号。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "power in watts｜以瓦特表示的功率",
   "a ten-watt bulb｜十瓦灯泡",
   "rated at fifty watts｜额定功率为五十瓦"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wattage (n.)",
   "kilowatt (n.)",
   "megawatt (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "瓦特衡量功率；千瓦时衡量用电量。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "watt"
 },
 {
  "w": "restricted",
  "uk": "/rɪˈstrɪktɪd/",
  "us": "/rɪˈstrɪktɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "受限制的；有限的",
    "en": "limited in amount, range, or freedom"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "仅限特定人员使用的",
    "en": "available or open only to people with permission"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Parking is restricted here during the busy morning hours.",
    "zh": "早晨繁忙时段，这里限制停车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restricted access to affordable healthcare can worsen existing inequalities between wealthy communities and disadvantaged rural populations.",
    "zh": "获得平价医疗服务的机会受限，会加剧富裕社区与弱势农村人口之间已有的不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "restricted access｜受限的使用权限",
   "a restricted area｜限制进入的区域",
   "restricted movement｜受限的活动",
   "restricted to members｜仅限会员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "restrict (v.)",
   "restriction (n.)",
   "restrictive (adj.)",
   "unrestricted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "limited",
   "controlled"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unrestricted",
   "unlimited"
  ],
  "tip": "restricted to表示“仅限于”；也是restrict过去分词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "restricted"
 },
 {
  "w": "distraction",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstrækʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstrækʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分心的事物；干扰",
    "en": "Something that takes your attention away from your main activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分心；注意力分散",
    "en": "The state of being unable to give something full attention"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "消遣；解闷的活动",
    "en": "An activity that helps you forget worries or boredom"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The television is a distraction when I do homework.",
    "zh": "我做作业时，电视会让我分心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing digital distractions in classrooms may help students concentrate and engage more deeply with challenging material.",
    "zh": "减少课堂上的数字设备干扰，可能有助于学生集中注意力，更深入地学习有难度的内容。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "avoid distractions｜避免干扰",
   "a welcome distraction｜令人愉快的消遣",
   "a major distraction｜严重干扰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "distract (v.)",
   "distracted (adj.)",
   "distracting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "diversion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "具体干扰物可数；表示分心状态时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "distraction"
 },
 {
  "w": "adjustment",
  "uk": "/əˈdʒʌstmənt/",
  "us": "/əˈdʒʌstmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "调整；改动",
    "en": "A small change made to improve something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "适应",
    "en": "The process of becoming comfortable with a new situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small adjustment to the seat made cycling easier.",
    "zh": "稍微调整座椅后，骑车变得更轻松了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Moving to a new country often requires considerable adjustment to unfamiliar social customs and daily routines.",
    "zh": "移居国外往往需要花不少功夫适应陌生的社会习俗和日常生活方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make an adjustment｜作出调整",
   "minor adjustment｜小幅调整",
   "adjustment period｜适应期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adjust (v.)",
   "adjustable (adj.)",
   "readjust (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "modification",
   "alteration"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示改动或适应时，常用 adjustment to。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adjustment"
 },
 {
  "w": "robbery",
  "uk": "/ˈrɒbəri/",
  "us": "/ˈrɑːbəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抢劫；抢劫案",
    "en": "Stealing from a person or place using force or threats."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop closed early after a robbery yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天发生抢劫后，这家商店提前关门了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Better street lighting may reduce the risk of robbery and help residents feel safer after dark.",
    "zh": "改善街道照明可能降低抢劫风险，让居民在天黑后更有安全感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commit a robbery｜实施抢劫",
   "armed robbery｜持械抢劫",
   "bank robbery｜银行抢劫案",
   "attempted robbery｜抢劫未遂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rob (v.)",
   "robber (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "robbery涉及暴力或威胁；theft泛指盗窃。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "robbery"
 },
 {
  "w": "reef",
  "uk": "/riːf/",
  "us": "/riːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "礁；暗礁",
    "en": "A ridge of rock or coral near the sea's surface."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched colourful fish swimming around the coral reef.",
    "zh": "我们看着色彩斑斓的鱼在珊瑚礁周围游动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting coral reefs is essential because they support marine biodiversity and help shield coastlines from powerful waves.",
    "zh": "保护珊瑚礁至关重要，因为它们维持海洋生物多样性，并帮助海岸抵御强浪。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "coral reef｜珊瑚礁",
   "barrier reef｜堡礁",
   "reef ecosystem｜珊瑚礁生态系统"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "reef指接近海面的礁体，不是海边的悬崖cliff。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reef"
 },
 {
  "w": "giggle",
  "uk": "/ˈɡɪɡəl/",
  "us": "/ˈɡɪɡəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "咯咯地笑",
    "en": "laugh in a light, often nervous or silly way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "咯咯的笑声",
    "en": "a light laugh caused by amusement or nervousness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children giggled when the puppy chased its tail.",
    "zh": "小狗追着自己的尾巴转，孩子们咯咯地笑了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Young learners may giggle during unfamiliar activities, but this reaction does not necessarily indicate a lack of interest.",
    "zh": "年幼的学习者进行不熟悉的活动时可能会咯咯笑，但这种反应不一定表明他们缺乏兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "giggle at a joke｜听到笑话咯咯笑",
   "nervous giggle｜紧张的咯咯笑声",
   "suppress a giggle｜忍住笑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "giggly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "laugh"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调轻轻咯咯笑，可因好玩或紧张；笑某事用at。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "giggle"
 },
 {
  "w": "dispute",
  "uk": "/dɪˈspjuːt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈspjuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "争端；争执",
    "en": "a serious disagreement between people or groups"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "质疑；对……提出异议",
    "en": "to question whether something is true or correct"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "争论；争夺",
    "en": "to argue about something or compete to control it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours settled their dispute over the garden fence.",
    "zh": "邻居们解决了他们关于花园围栏的争执。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent experts dispute the claim that building more roads will permanently reduce traffic congestion.",
    "zh": "独立专家质疑修建更多道路能永久缓解交通拥堵这一说法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "settle a dispute｜解决争端",
   "a dispute over pay｜薪酬争议",
   "dispute a claim｜质疑某项说法",
   "in dispute｜存在争议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disputed (adj.)",
   "disputable (adj.)",
   "indisputable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disagreement",
   "contest"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "agreement"
  ],
  "tip": "dispute a claim是质疑说法，不是讨论说法。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dispute"
 },
 {
  "w": "confusion",
  "uk": "/kənˈfjuːʒən/",
  "us": "/kənˈfjuːʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "困惑；不明白",
    "en": "A state of not understanding something clearly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "混淆；混乱",
    "en": "A situation where things are mixed up or poorly organised"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He stared at the unfamiliar controls in confusion.",
    "zh": "他困惑地盯着那些陌生的控制装置。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear instructions can reduce confusion among patients and help them take their medication safely.",
    "zh": "清晰的说明能减少患者的困惑，帮助他们安全服药。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cause confusion｜引起困惑",
   "avoid confusion｜避免混淆",
   "clear up confusion｜消除困惑",
   "confusion over｜对……的困惑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "confuse (v.)",
   "confused (adj.)",
   "confusing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bewilderment"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "clarity"
  ],
  "tip": "人感到困惑用confused；事物令人困惑用confusing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "confusion"
 },
 {
  "w": "lightly",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪtli/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪtli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "轻轻地；轻柔地",
    "en": "With little force, pressure, or weight."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "少量地；轻微地",
    "en": "To a small degree or in a small amount."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "轻率地；不严肃地",
    "en": "Without treating something as serious or important."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He tapped lightly on the door before coming inside.",
    "zh": "他轻轻敲了敲门才进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Decisions about closing rural schools should not be taken lightly, as they can affect entire communities.",
    "zh": "关闭乡村学校的决定不应轻率作出，因为这可能影响整个社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tap lightly｜轻轻敲击",
   "lightly salted｜加少量盐的",
   "take something lightly｜轻视某事",
   "lightly armed｜配备轻武器的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "light (adj.)",
   "lightness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gently",
   "slightly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "heavily"
  ],
  "tip": "take something lightly意为不认真对待某事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lightly"
 },
 {
  "w": "secure",
  "uk": "/sɪˈkjʊə/",
  "us": "/sɪˈkjʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "安全的；稳固的",
    "en": "Protected from danger, or firmly fixed in place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "获得；争取到",
    "en": "To successfully obtain something important."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "固定；使安全",
    "en": "To fasten something firmly or protect it from harm."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Check that the ladder is secure before climbing up.",
    "zh": "爬上去之前，检查梯子是否稳固。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should ensure that citizens have secure access to clean water during periods of drought.",
    "zh": "政府应确保公民在干旱期间能可靠地获得清洁用水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "secure a job｜获得一份工作",
   "secure funding｜争取到资金",
   "feel secure｜感到安全",
   "secure firmly｜牢牢固定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "security (n.)",
   "securely (adv.)",
   "insecure (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "safe"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "insecure"
  ],
  "tip": "secure可作形容词，也可作及物动词表示争取到。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "secure"
 },
 {
  "w": "industrial",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdʌstriəl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdʌstriəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "工业的；产业的",
    "en": "Relating to factories and the production of goods."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle repairs industrial machines at a nearby factory.",
    "zh": "我叔叔在附近的一家工厂维修工业机器。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stricter controls on industrial waste can protect rivers and improve the health of nearby communities.",
    "zh": "加强对工业废物的管控可以保护河流，并改善附近社区居民的健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "industrial production｜工业生产",
   "industrial waste｜工业废物",
   "industrial area｜工业区",
   "industrial development｜工业发展"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "industry (n.)",
   "industrialize (v.)",
   "industrialization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "industrial指工业的；industrious才指勤劳的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "industrial"
 },
 {
  "w": "procedure",
  "uk": "/prəˈsiːdʒə/",
  "us": "/prəˈsiːdʒər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "程序；手续；步骤",
    "en": "an established series of actions for completing a task"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "医疗操作；手术",
    "en": "a medical action performed to diagnose or treat a condition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The receptionist explained the procedure for joining the gym.",
    "zh": "接待员说明了办理健身房会员的手续。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every laboratory should establish a clear procedure for handling chemicals safely and disposing of waste responsibly.",
    "zh": "每个实验室都应制定明确规程，以安全处理化学品并妥善处置废物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "follow a procedure｜遵循程序",
   "standard procedure｜标准程序",
   "a surgical procedure｜外科手术"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "procedural (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "procedure 强调规定步骤；process 更侧重整个过程。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "procedure"
 },
 {
  "w": "cope",
  "uk": "/kəʊp/",
  "us": "/koʊp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "应付；妥善处理",
    "en": "To manage a difficult situation successfully."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I cope with busy mornings by preparing breakfast ahead.",
    "zh": "我会提前准备早餐，来应付忙碌的早晨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach practical strategies that help students cope with examination stress and maintain their mental wellbeing.",
    "zh": "学校应教授实用方法，帮助学生应对考试压力并保持心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cope with stress｜应对压力",
   "cope with change｜应对变化",
   "cope well｜应付得当"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coping (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "manage"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cope是不及物动词，接困难或压力时用with。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cope"
 },
 {
  "w": "recommendation",
  "uk": "/ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "建议",
    "en": "advice about the best thing to do"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推荐；推荐信",
    "en": "a statement supporting someone's or something's suitability or quality"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "On your recommendation, I started taking short evening walks.",
    "zh": "听了你的建议，我开始在傍晚散一小会儿步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The committee's main recommendation was to improve public transport before introducing higher parking charges in the city centre.",
    "zh": "委员会的主要建议是先改善公共交通，再提高市中心的停车费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a recommendation｜提出建议",
   "follow a recommendation｜采纳建议",
   "on someone's recommendation｜经某人推荐",
   "letter of recommendation｜推荐信"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recommend (v.)",
   "recommended (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "recommendation后的that从句常用should或动词原形。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recommendation"
 },
 {
  "w": "cleverness",
  "uk": "/ˈklevənəs/",
  "us": "/ˈklevərnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "聪明；机灵；巧妙",
    "en": "the ability to understand quickly or find effective, inventive solutions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her cleverness helped us fix the tent before sunset.",
    "zh": "她的机智让我们在日落前修好了帐篷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The cleverness of a design lies in solving practical problems without introducing unnecessary complexity.",
    "zh": "设计的巧妙之处在于解决实际问题，而不增加不必要的复杂性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remarkable cleverness｜非凡的才智",
   "the cleverness of a design｜设计的巧妙",
   "show cleverness｜表现出机智"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clever (adj.)",
   "cleverly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "intelligence",
   "ingenuity"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "stupidity"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；既可指人的聪明，也可指设计巧妙。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cleverness"
 },
 {
  "w": "gear",
  "uk": "/ɡɪə/",
  "us": "/ɡɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "装备；用具",
    "en": "equipment or clothing needed for a particular activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "齿轮；挡位",
    "en": "a toothed wheel, or a setting controlling vehicle speed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使适合；使面向",
    "en": "to design or organise something for a particular purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We packed our camping gear into the car.",
    "zh": "我们把露营装备装进了车里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should gear their career guidance towards the changing needs of students and the wider labour market.",
    "zh": "学校应使就业指导适应学生及整个劳动力市场不断变化的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "camping gear｜露营装备",
   "protective gear｜防护装备",
   "change gear｜换挡",
   "be geared towards｜以……为导向"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "geared (adj.)",
   "gearbox (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "equipment",
   "kit"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示装备时不可数；表示挡位或单个齿轮时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gear"
 },
 {
  "w": "continuous",
  "uk": "/kənˈtɪnjuəs/",
  "us": "/kənˈtɪnjuəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "连续不断的",
    "en": "Continuing without a break or interruption."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Continuous rain kept us indoors for the whole weekend.",
    "zh": "雨一直下，整个周末我们都待在室内。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Continuous monitoring of air quality helps local authorities identify pollution sources and protect public health.",
    "zh": "持续监测空气质量有助于地方政府发现污染源并保护公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "continuous improvement｜持续改进",
   "continuous monitoring｜持续监测",
   "continuous flow｜连续流动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "continue (v.)",
   "continuously (adv.)",
   "continuity (n.)",
   "continuation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "uninterrupted",
   "unbroken"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "intermittent"
  ],
  "tip": "continuous强调不中断；continual常指反复发生。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "continuous"
 },
 {
  "w": "tangle",
  "uk": "/ˈtæŋɡəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtæŋɡəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缠结的一团",
    "en": "A twisted mass of threads, hair, or similar things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使缠结；缠在一起",
    "en": "Become twisted together, or make things twist together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "混乱复杂的局面",
    "en": "A confused situation that is difficult to resolve"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My headphones were buried in a tangle of cables.",
    "zh": "我的耳机埋在一团缠结的线缆里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses often face a tangle of regulations that makes expansion costly and time-consuming.",
    "zh": "小企业常面临错综复杂的法规，使业务扩张既费钱又费时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tangle of wires｜缠成一团的电线",
   "get tangled｜缠在一起",
   "a tangle of regulations｜错综复杂的法规"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tangled (adj.)",
   "untangle (v.)",
   "entangle (v.)",
   "entanglement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a tangle of既可指实物缠结，也可指复杂困局。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tangle"
 },
 {
  "w": "trace",
  "uk": "/treɪs/",
  "us": "/treɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "追查；追溯",
    "en": "find something's origin or location by following evidence"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "痕迹；微量",
    "en": "a small sign, mark, or amount left behind"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "描摹；沿轮廓描画",
    "en": "copy a picture by drawing over its lines"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The plumber traced the leak to a cracked pipe.",
    "zh": "水管工查出漏水源于一根开裂的管道。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers can trace changes in regional diets by examining food remains discovered at ancient settlements.",
    "zh": "研究人员可以通过检验古代聚落遗址中发现的食物残留，追溯区域饮食的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "trace the source｜追查来源",
   "trace back to｜追溯到",
   "without a trace｜不留痕迹",
   "traces of｜微量的；……的痕迹"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "traceable (adj.)",
   "tracing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "trace A back to B表示“追溯A至B”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trace"
 },
 {
  "w": "locate",
  "uk": "/ləʊˈkeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈloʊkeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "找到；确定位置",
    "en": "To find the exact position of someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "设于；把…安置在",
    "en": "To place something or establish a business somewhere."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We finally located the missing keys behind the sofa.",
    "zh": "我们终于在沙发后面找到了丢失的钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should locate new health centres near public transport routes to improve access for elderly residents.",
    "zh": "地方政府应将新的医疗中心设在公共交通线路附近，以方便老年居民就医。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "locate a fault｜查明故障位置",
   "locate the source｜找到源头",
   "be located in｜位于",
   "centrally located｜位于中心位置的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "location (n.)",
   "relocate (v.)",
   "relocation (n.)",
   "locator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "find",
   "position"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“位于”常用be located in/near，不直接用locate。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "locate"
 },
 {
  "w": "carbohydrate",
  "uk": "/ˌkɑːbəʊˈhaɪdreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːrboʊˈhaɪdreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "碳水化合物",
    "en": "A substance such as sugar or starch that provides energy."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Rice provides carbohydrate, which gives you energy for daily activities.",
    "zh": "米饭提供碳水化合物，为日常活动供给能量。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although carbohydrates are an important energy source, public health guidance should distinguish wholegrain foods from products containing added sugars.",
    "zh": "虽然碳水化合物是重要的能量来源，但公共健康指南应区分全谷物食品和含添加糖的产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complex carbohydrates｜复合碳水化合物",
   "carbohydrate intake｜碳水化合物摄入量",
   "low-carbohydrate diet｜低碳水化合物饮食"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指营养成分可不可数；谈种类或总称常用复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "carbohydrate"
 },
 {
  "w": "skilled",
  "uk": "/skɪld/",
  "us": "/skɪld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "熟练的；有技能的",
    "en": "Having the training and ability to do something well."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "需要专门技能的",
    "en": "Requiring special training or practical ability."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A skilled mechanic fixed my bicycle in minutes.",
    "zh": "一位技术熟练的修车师傅几分钟就修好了我的自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in vocational education can help countries develop a skilled workforce and reduce unemployment.",
    "zh": "投资职业教育可以帮助各国培养技术熟练的劳动力，并降低失业率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "skilled worker｜技术工人",
   "highly skilled｜技艺高超的",
   "skilled at｜擅长",
   "skilled labour｜技术劳动力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "skill (n.)",
   "skilful (adj.)",
   "skilfully (adv.)",
   "unskilled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "proficient",
   "competent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unskilled"
  ],
  "tip": "skilled at/in后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "skilled"
 },
 {
  "w": "yarn",
  "uk": "/jɑːn/",
  "us": "/jɑːrn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纱；纱线",
    "en": "Thread used for knitting or weaving cloth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奇谈；夸张的故事",
    "en": "An entertaining story, often exaggerated or invented."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She chose soft blue yarn for the baby's blanket.",
    "zh": "她挑了柔软的蓝色毛线来织婴儿毯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using yarn made from recycled materials can reduce waste in the textile industry.",
    "zh": "使用再生材料制成的纱线可以减少纺织业的废弃物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a ball of yarn｜一团毛线",
   "woollen yarn｜毛纱",
   "spin a yarn｜讲奇闻故事"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "thread",
   "tale"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作“纱线”通常不可数；作“故事”可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "yarn"
 },
 {
  "w": "scarce",
  "uk": "/skeəs/",
  "us": "/skers/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "稀缺的；不足的",
    "en": "not available in large enough amounts to meet demand"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fresh vegetables became scarce after snow blocked the roads.",
    "zh": "大雪封路后，新鲜蔬菜变得紧缺。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As clean water becomes increasingly scarce, governments must invest in efficient irrigation and better water management systems.",
    "zh": "随着清洁水源日益短缺，政府必须投资于高效灌溉和更完善的水资源管理系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scarce resources｜稀缺资源",
   "become scarce｜变得紧缺",
   "increasingly scarce｜日益稀缺"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scarcity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "limited"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "abundant",
   "plentiful"
  ],
  "tip": "scarce指供应不足；rare强调少见，不一定短缺。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scarce"
 },
 {
  "w": "applaud",
  "uk": "/əˈplɔːd/",
  "us": "/əˈplɔːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "鼓掌；喝彩",
    "en": "Clap your hands to show enjoyment or approval."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "称赞；赞许",
    "en": "Express strong approval of someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone applauded when the young dancer finished her performance.",
    "zh": "年轻舞者表演结束时，所有人都鼓起了掌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental groups applauded the council's decision to protect urban wetlands from further commercial development.",
    "zh": "环保团体赞许市政委员会保护城市湿地、避免其受到进一步商业开发影响的决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "applaud a performance｜为表演鼓掌",
   "applaud a decision｜赞许决定",
   "applaud someone's efforts｜称赞某人的努力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "applause (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clap",
   "praise"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "boo"
  ],
  "tip": "可直接接人或事；applause是不可数名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "applaud"
 },
 {
  "w": "hectic",
  "uk": "/ˈhektɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈhektɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "忙乱的；忙碌紧张的",
    "en": "extremely busy and full of activity, often causing stress"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After a hectic morning, I finally sat down for lunch.",
    "zh": "忙乱了一上午后，我终于坐下来吃午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A hectic urban lifestyle can leave residents with little time for exercise, relaxation, or meaningful social interaction.",
    "zh": "忙碌紧张的城市生活可能让居民无暇锻炼、放松或进行有意义的社交。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a hectic schedule｜紧凑忙碌的日程",
   "a hectic lifestyle｜忙碌紧张的生活方式",
   "a hectic day｜忙乱的一天"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hectically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "busy",
   "frantic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm",
   "relaxed"
  ],
  "tip": "现代常用义是忙乱的，不是兴奋的或发热的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hectic"
 },
 {
  "w": "mist",
  "uk": "/mɪst/",
  "us": "/mɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "薄雾",
    "en": "tiny water drops in the air that reduce visibility"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "蒙上水汽；使模糊",
    "en": "to become or make something covered with tiny water drops"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A thin mist floated above the lake this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早晨，湖面上飘着一层薄雾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Drivers should reduce their speed when mist limits visibility on rural roads during the early morning.",
    "zh": "清晨薄雾使乡村道路能见度降低时，驾驶员应减速行驶。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thick mist｜浓雾",
   "morning mist｜晨雾",
   "mist over｜蒙上水汽"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "misty (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mist通常比fog稀薄；玻璃起雾可说mist over。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mist"
 },
 {
  "w": "longitude",
  "uk": "/ˈlɒŋɡɪtjuːd/",
  "us": "/ˈlɑːndʒɪtuːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经度",
    "en": "a place's angular distance east or west of the prime meridian"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our guide checked our longitude before steering the boat east.",
    "zh": "向导在把船驶向东边之前查看了我们所在位置的经度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accurate measurements of longitude and latitude allow navigation systems to determine a vehicle's position on Earth.",
    "zh": "准确测量经纬度能让导航系统确定车辆在地球上的位置。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "latitude and longitude｜纬度和经度",
   "degrees of longitude｜经度的度数",
   "east longitude｜东经",
   "west longitude｜西经"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "longitudinal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "longitude是经度，分东西；latitude是纬度，分南北。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "longitude"
 },
 {
  "w": "objective",
  "uk": "/əbˈdʒektɪv/",
  "us": "/əbˈdʒektɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "目标；目的",
    "en": "Something you aim to achieve."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "客观的；不偏不倚的",
    "en": "Based on facts rather than personal feelings or opinions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My main objective is to finish the race.",
    "zh": "我的主要目标是跑完全程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should remain objective when evaluating evidence about the effects of homework on student achievement.",
    "zh": "研究人员在评估家庭作业对学生成绩影响的证据时，应保持客观。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "achieve an objective｜实现目标",
   "primary objective｜首要目标",
   "objective assessment｜客观评估",
   "remain objective｜保持客观"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "objectively (adv.)",
   "objectivity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "goal",
   "aim"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "subjective"
  ],
  "tip": "名词指目标；形容词指客观的，反义词为subjective。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "objective"
 },
 {
  "w": "shrug",
  "uk": "/ʃrʌɡ/",
  "us": "/ʃrʌɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "耸肩",
    "en": "To raise your shoulders to show uncertainty or indifference"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "耸肩的动作",
    "en": "A shoulder movement expressing uncertainty or lack of concern"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He shrugged when I asked where the keys were.",
    "zh": "我问钥匙在哪儿时，他耸了耸肩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should not shrug off public concerns about air pollution, as these directly affect community health.",
    "zh": "政府不应轻视公众对空气污染的担忧，因为这些问题直接影响社区健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shrug your shoulders｜耸肩",
   "give a shrug｜耸一下肩",
   "shrug off criticism｜不把批评当回事"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式shrugged；shrug off表示不予理会。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shrug"
 },
 {
  "w": "slap",
  "uk": "/slæp/",
  "us": "/slæp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用手掌拍打",
    "en": "Hit someone or something with an open hand."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拍打；掌击",
    "en": "A hit made with an open hand."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She slapped her knee and laughed at the joke.",
    "zh": "她听了这个笑话，拍着膝盖笑了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The coach slapped the player's back in celebration, highlighting the supportive atmosphere within the team.",
    "zh": "教练拍了拍球员的背以示庆祝，体现了队内相互支持的氛围。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "slap someone on the back｜拍某人的背",
   "a slap on the wrist｜轻微的惩罚",
   "slap something down｜啪地放下某物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词为slapped，须双写p。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slap"
 },
 {
  "w": "showroom",
  "uk": "/ˈʃəʊruːm/",
  "us": "/ˈʃoʊruːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "商品陈列室；展厅",
    "en": "A room where goods are displayed for customers to examine."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We tried several comfortable sofas in the furniture showroom.",
    "zh": "我们在家具展厅试坐了几张舒适的沙发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A physical showroom allows customers to assess product quality before making purchases through online platforms.",
    "zh": "实体展厅让顾客在通过网络平台购买之前评估产品质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "furniture showroom｜家具展厅",
   "car showroom｜汽车展厅",
   "showroom display｜展厅陈列"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "showrooming (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；showrooming指先在实体店看货再网购。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "showroom"
 },
 {
  "w": "landslide",
  "uk": "/ˈlændslaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈlændslaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "山体滑坡",
    "en": "a mass of earth and rocks sliding down a slope"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "压倒性胜利",
    "en": "an election victory by a very large margin"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A landslide blocked the road after last night's rain.",
    "zh": "昨晚下雨后，一场山体滑坡堵住了道路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Removing trees from steep hillsides can increase the risk of landslides during periods of heavy rainfall.",
    "zh": "砍伐陡峭山坡上的树木，会增加强降雨期间发生山体滑坡的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "trigger a landslide｜引发山体滑坡",
   "landslide risk｜滑坡风险",
   "landslide victory｜压倒性胜利",
   "win by a landslide｜以压倒性优势获胜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "政治语境中常指选举中的压倒性胜利。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "landslide"
 },
 {
  "w": "firm",
  "uk": "/fɜːm/",
  "us": "/fɝːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公司；商行",
    "en": "a business that provides goods or professional services"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "坚固的；结实的",
    "en": "solid and not easily moved or pressed out of shape"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "坚定的；严格的",
    "en": "unlikely to change a decision or allow rules to be broken"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister works for a small engineering firm.",
    "zh": "我姐姐在一家小型工程公司工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each firm should provide regular training to help employees adapt to technological change.",
    "zh": "每家公司都应提供定期培训，帮助员工适应技术变革。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a law firm｜律师事务所",
   "a firm belief｜坚定的信念",
   "firm ground｜坚实的地面",
   "take a firm stand｜采取坚定立场"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "firmly (adv.)",
   "firmness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "company",
   "solid",
   "resolute"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词指公司；作形容词可指物体结实或态度坚定。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "firm"
 },
 {
  "w": "descend",
  "uk": "/dɪˈsend/",
  "us": "/dɪˈsend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "下降；下去",
    "en": "to move down or go to a lower position"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We descended the narrow stairs into a cool cellar.",
    "zh": "我们沿着狭窄的楼梯走下去，进入凉爽的地窖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As aircraft descend towards urban airports, their noise can significantly affect the quality of life in nearby communities.",
    "zh": "飞机向城市机场下降时，产生的噪声会显著影响周边社区的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "descend the stairs｜走下楼梯",
   "descend into a valley｜下到山谷",
   "be descended from｜是……的后裔"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "descent (n.)",
   "descendant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "go down"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ascend",
   "rise"
  ],
  "tip": "可直接接stairs；表示是……的后裔用be descended from。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "descend"
 },
 {
  "w": "purchase",
  "uk": "/ˈpɜːtʃəs/",
  "us": "/ˈpɝːtʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "购买",
    "en": "to obtain something by paying money for it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "购买；所购之物",
    "en": "the act of buying something, or the thing bought"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can purchase fresh bread at the corner shop.",
    "zh": "你可以在街角的小店买到新鲜面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers should consider repair costs and energy efficiency before they purchase new household appliances.",
    "zh": "消费者购买新家电前，应考虑维修成本和能源效率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "purchase goods｜购买商品",
   "make a purchase｜购买",
   "purchase price｜购买价格",
   "proof of purchase｜购买凭证"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "purchaser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "buy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sell"
  ],
  "tip": "purchase比buy正式；名词可指购买行为或买到的东西。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "purchase"
 },
 {
  "w": "dispose",
  "uk": "/dɪˈspəʊz/",
  "us": "/dɪˈspoʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "处理；丢弃",
    "en": "to get rid of something, used with of"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使倾向于；使愿意",
    "en": "to make someone likely or willing to do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Where can I dispose of these old batteries safely?",
    "zh": "我可以在哪里安全地处理这些旧电池？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should provide convenient facilities so residents can dispose of household waste responsibly.",
    "zh": "地方政府应提供便利的设施，让居民能够负责任地处理生活垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dispose of waste｜处理废物",
   "dispose of unwanted items｜处理不需要的物品",
   "be disposed to agree｜倾向于同意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disposal (n.)",
   "disposable (adj.)",
   "disposition (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示丢弃必须用dispose of，不能直接接物品。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dispose"
 },
 {
  "w": "volume",
  "uk": "/ˈvɒljuːm/",
  "us": "/ˈvɑːljuːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体积；总量",
    "en": "The space something occupies, or the total amount of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "音量",
    "en": "The level of loudness of a sound."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卷；册",
    "en": "A book, especially one belonging to a larger set."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please turn the volume down while the baby sleeps.",
    "zh": "宝宝睡觉时请把音量调低。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The growing volume of household waste highlights the need for better recycling facilities in urban areas.",
    "zh": "不断增加的生活垃圾量凸显了城市地区改善回收设施的必要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a high volume of traffic｜很大的交通流量",
   "turn down the volume｜调低音量",
   "calculate the volume｜计算体积",
   "a companion volume｜配套的一卷"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "voluminous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "volume可指体积、总量或音量；面积用area。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "volume"
 },
 {
  "w": "toss",
  "uk": "/tɒs/",
  "us": "/tɔːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "轻抛；扔",
    "en": "To throw something lightly or without much care."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "翻动；拌匀",
    "en": "To turn food over gently to mix or coat it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抛；投掷",
    "en": "An act of throwing something lightly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you toss me that cushion from the sofa?",
    "zh": "你能把沙发上的那个靠垫扔给我吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers often toss usable items into the bin, increasing waste that could be avoided through repair.",
    "zh": "消费者常把还能用的物品扔进垃圾桶，增加了本可通过维修避免的废弃物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "toss a coin｜抛硬币",
   "toss a salad｜拌沙拉",
   "toss and turn｜辗转反侧"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "throw",
   "fling"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "toss常指轻抛；toss and turn指辗转反侧。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "toss"
 },
 {
  "w": "absence",
  "uk": "/ˈæbsəns/",
  "us": "/ˈæbsəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缺席；不在",
    "en": "a situation in which someone is not present"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缺乏；不存在",
    "en": "a situation in which something does not exist or occur"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her absence from dinner worried the whole family.",
    "zh": "她没来吃晚饭，让全家人都很担心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In the absence of reliable public transport, many residents have little choice but to drive.",
    "zh": "在缺乏可靠公共交通的情况下，许多居民别无选择，只能开车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "absence from work｜缺勤",
   "in someone's absence｜在某人不在时",
   "in the absence of｜在缺乏……的情况下",
   "leave of absence｜获准休假"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "absent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lack",
   "non-attendance"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "presence"
  ],
  "tip": "缺席某活动用absence from；缺乏某物用absence of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "absence"
 },
 {
  "w": "costly",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒstli/",
  "us": "/ˈkɔːstli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "昂贵的；费用高的",
    "en": "requiring a large amount of money"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "造成重大损失的",
    "en": "causing serious loss, harm or disadvantage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Replacing the broken roof proved more costly than expected.",
    "zh": "更换破损的屋顶比预想的花费更高。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Delaying investment in flood protection could prove costly for communities exposed to increasingly severe storms.",
    "zh": "对于面临日益猛烈风暴的社区，推迟防洪投资可能会造成重大损失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "costly repairs｜昂贵的维修",
   "a costly mistake｜代价高昂的错误",
   "prove costly｜结果代价高昂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cost (n.)",
   "cost (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "expensive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inexpensive"
  ],
  "tip": "虽以-ly结尾，却是形容词；也可指损失惨重。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "costly"
 },
 {
  "w": "identical",
  "uk": "/aɪˈdentɪkəl/",
  "us": "/aɪˈdentɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "完全相同的",
    "en": "exactly the same in every relevant detail"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought identical jackets without knowing about each other's choice.",
    "zh": "我们在不知道对方选择的情况下，买了完全一样的夹克。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing identical resources to every school may not address differences in students' needs or local circumstances.",
    "zh": "向每所学校提供完全相同的资源，未必能解决学生需求或当地情况的差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "identical twins｜同卵双胞胎",
   "identical to｜与……完全相同",
   "virtually identical｜几乎完全相同"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "identically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "indistinguishable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "different"
  ],
  "tip": "常用 identical to；比 similar 的相似程度更强。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "identical"
 },
 {
  "w": "hospitable",
  "uk": "/hɒˈspɪtəbl/",
  "us": "/hɑːˈspɪtəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "热情好客的",
    "en": "Friendly and generous towards guests or visitors."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "适宜居住或生长的",
    "en": "Providing suitable conditions for people, animals, or plants to live."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our hospitable neighbours invited us in for warm soup.",
    "zh": "热情好客的邻居邀请我们进屋喝热汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A hospitable climate and reliable water supplies have encouraged human settlement in this region for centuries.",
    "zh": "数百年来，宜人的气候和可靠的供水一直吸引着人们在这一地区定居。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a hospitable host｜热情好客的主人",
   "hospitable to visitors｜热情接待访客",
   "a hospitable environment｜适宜生存的环境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hospitality (n.)",
   "hospitably (adv.)",
   "inhospitable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "welcoming",
   "friendly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inhospitable",
   "unwelcoming"
  ],
  "tip": "形容人时指好客；形容环境时指适宜生存。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hospitable"
 },
 {
  "w": "uninterested",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈɪntrəstɪd/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈɪntrəstɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不感兴趣的",
    "en": "not wanting to learn about or take part in something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leo seemed uninterested in the game and went outside.",
    "zh": "利奥似乎对游戏不感兴趣，便出去了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may appear uninterested in science when lessons offer few opportunities for practical experiments.",
    "zh": "如果课堂很少提供动手实验的机会，学生可能会显得对科学不感兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "uninterested in politics｜对政治不感兴趣",
   "seem uninterested｜显得不感兴趣",
   "remain uninterested｜仍然不感兴趣"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "interest (n.)",
   "interested (adj.)",
   "interesting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "indifferent",
   "apathetic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "interested",
   "enthusiastic"
  ],
  "tip": "接in；勿与表示“公正无私”的disinterested混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "uninterested"
 },
 {
  "w": "wag",
  "uk": "/wæɡ/",
  "us": "/wæɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "来回摇摆",
    "en": "move repeatedly from side to side"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "摇摆；摆动",
    "en": "a movement from side to side"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爱说笑的人",
    "en": "someone who often makes clever or amusing remarks"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puppy wagged its tail when I came home.",
    "zh": "我回家时，小狗摇起了尾巴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although dogs often wag their tails during friendly encounters, this movement does not always indicate happiness.",
    "zh": "虽然狗在友好互动时经常摇尾巴，但这一动作并不总是表示开心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wag its tail｜摇尾巴",
   "wag a finger at someone｜向某人摇手指",
   "a wag of the tail｜尾巴的一摆"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式wagged，现在分词wagging，均双写g。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wag"
 },
 {
  "w": "equivalent",
  "uk": "/ɪˈkwɪvələnt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈkwɪvələnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "等值的；相当的",
    "en": "Equal in value, amount, meaning, or function."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "对应物；等值物",
    "en": "Something equal to another thing in value, meaning, or function."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small heater produces heat equivalent to that larger one.",
    "zh": "这台小取暖器产生的热量与那台较大的相当。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should recognise overseas qualifications when they are equivalent to those awarded by domestic institutions.",
    "zh": "当海外学历与本国院校颁发的学历相当时，雇主应予以认可。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "equivalent to｜与……相当",
   "an equivalent qualification｜同等学历",
   "the equivalent of｜相当于……的事物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "equivalence (n.)",
   "equivalently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "equal",
   "comparable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unequal"
  ],
  "tip": "常用equivalent to；相当不代表完全相同。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "equivalent"
 },
 {
  "w": "distinction",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "区别；差别",
    "en": "A difference that separates one thing or group from another"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卓越；杰出",
    "en": "The quality of being excellent and deserving respect"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "优等成绩；荣誉",
    "en": "A special award or high grade recognizing excellent achievement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I never understood the distinction between those two sports.",
    "zh": "我一直不明白那两项运动有什么区别。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policymakers should draw a clear distinction between temporary unemployment and long-term exclusion from the labour market.",
    "zh": "政策制定者应明确区分暂时失业与长期被排除在劳动力市场之外的情况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "draw a distinction between｜区分……与……",
   "a clear distinction｜明显的区别",
   "with distinction｜以优异成绩",
   "a person of distinction｜杰出人士"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "distinct (adj.)",
   "distinctive (adj.)",
   "distinctly (adv.)",
   "distinguish (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "difference",
   "excellence"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "similarity"
  ],
  "tip": "表示两者区别，常用distinction between A and B。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "distinction"
 },
 {
  "w": "stabilize",
  "uk": "/ˈsteɪbəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈsteɪbəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使稳定；变得稳定",
    "en": "make or become steady and less likely to change"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We used a wooden block to stabilize the table.",
    "zh": "我们用一块木块让桌子保持平稳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments may need to stabilize food prices to protect vulnerable households during periods of economic uncertainty.",
    "zh": "在经济不确定时期，政府可能需要稳定食品价格，以保护弱势家庭。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stabilize prices｜稳定价格",
   "stabilize the economy｜稳定经济",
   "stabilize a patient's condition｜稳定患者病情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stable (adj.)",
   "stability (n.)",
   "stabilization (n.)",
   "unstable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "steady"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "destabilize"
  ],
  "tip": "可及物也可不及物；英式英语也常拼作stabilise。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stabilize"
 },
 {
  "w": "internship",
  "uk": "/ˈɪntɜːnʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈɪntɜːrnʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实习岗位；实习期",
    "en": "A temporary job providing practical experience in a particular field."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leila started a summer internship at a local museum.",
    "zh": "莱拉开始在当地一家博物馆进行暑期实习。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Paid internships can help students gain professional experience without placing additional financial pressure on their families.",
    "zh": "带薪实习能帮助学生积累专业经验，同时不增加家庭的经济压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "paid internship｜带薪实习",
   "summer internship｜暑期实习",
   "apply for an internship｜申请实习岗位"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intern (n.)",
   "intern (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "intern指实习生；internship指实习岗位或实习期。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "internship"
 },
 {
  "w": "ox",
  "uk": "/ɒks/",
  "us": "/ɑːks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "役用牛；阉牛",
    "en": "a large bovine, often a castrated male, used for work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The ox pulled a wooden cart along the path.",
    "zh": "那头役牛沿着小路拉着一辆木车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before agricultural machinery became widespread, farmers in many regions relied on oxen to plough their fields.",
    "zh": "农业机械普及之前，许多地区的农民依靠役牛犁地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pair of oxen｜一对役牛",
   "an ox cart｜牛车",
   "as strong as an ox｜健壮如牛"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数是oxen；多指役牛，不等同于未阉割公牛bull。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ox"
 },
 {
  "w": "bathe",
  "uk": "/beɪð/",
  "us": "/beɪð/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "洗澡；给……洗澡",
    "en": "To wash yourself or another person in a bath"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "清洗；浸洗",
    "en": "To gently wash a body part with liquid"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "游泳；戏水",
    "en": "To swim or spend time in the sea or a lake"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Gently bathe your sore feet in warm water.",
    "zh": "把酸痛的双脚放在温水中轻轻浸洗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents need reliable access to clean water to bathe safely and maintain good personal hygiene.",
    "zh": "居民需要可靠的清洁用水供应，才能安全洗澡并保持良好的个人卫生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bathe a baby｜给婴儿洗澡",
   "bathe a wound｜清洗伤口",
   "bathe in the sea｜在海里游泳"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bathing (n.)",
   "bather (n.)",
   "bath (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wash"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bathe读/beɪð/，勿与bath混淆；英式还可指海泳。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bathe"
 },
 {
  "w": "downward",
  "uk": "/ˈdaʊnwəd/",
  "us": "/ˈdaʊnwərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "向下的；下降的",
    "en": "Moving or pointing towards a lower place, level, or amount."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向下；往低处",
    "en": "Towards a lower place, level, or amount."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bird began its downward flight towards the lake.",
    "zh": "那只鸟开始朝湖面向下飞去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A downward trend in household energy consumption may reflect better insulation and greater public awareness.",
    "zh": "家庭能源消耗的下降趋势可能反映了保温措施的改善和公众意识的提高。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a downward trend｜下降趋势",
   "downward pressure｜下行压力",
   "a downward spiral｜持续恶化",
   "move downward｜向下移动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "downwards (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "upward"
  ],
  "tip": "downward可作形容词和副词；downwards只作副词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "downward"
 },
 {
  "w": "bundle",
  "uk": "/ˈbʌndəl/",
  "us": "/ˈbʌndəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "捆；束；包",
    "en": "A group of things tied or wrapped together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "捆扎；打包",
    "en": "To tie or wrap things together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "匆忙塞入；匆忙推送",
    "en": "To put or move someone or something somewhere hurriedly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He carried a bundle of blankets into the house.",
    "zh": "他抱着一捆毯子走进了屋里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Offering internet and telephone services as a bundle may reduce costs, but consumers should compare contracts carefully.",
    "zh": "将网络和电话服务捆绑提供可能降低费用，但消费者应仔细比较合同。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bundle of clothes｜一包衣服",
   "tie into bundles｜扎成捆",
   "bundle up｜包裹起来；穿暖和",
   "bundle into a car｜匆忙塞进车里"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a bundle of后接复数名词；bundle up也指穿暖。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bundle"
 },
 {
  "w": "contract",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒntrækt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːntrækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "合同；契约",
    "en": "A legally binding agreement between people or organisations."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "收缩；缩小",
    "en": "To become smaller or make something smaller."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "感染；患上",
    "en": "To catch or develop a disease."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Read the contract carefully before you agree to sign it.",
    "zh": "同意签字之前，要仔细阅读合同。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A clear employment contract protects both workers and employers by defining responsibilities, working hours and payment terms.",
    "zh": "明确的劳动合同通过规定职责、工作时间和薪酬条款，保护员工和雇主双方的权益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sign a contract｜签订合同",
   "employment contract｜劳动合同",
   "breach of contract｜违约",
   "contract a disease｜感染疾病"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contractual (adj.)",
   "contraction (n.)",
   "contractor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "agreement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在前；动词英/kənˈtrækt/，美同。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contract"
 },
 {
  "w": "tomb",
  "uk": "/tuːm/",
  "us": "/tuːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "坟墓；陵墓",
    "en": "A structure or underground chamber where a dead person is buried."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We visited an ancient stone tomb outside the village.",
    "zh": "我们参观了村外的一座古老石墓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Objects discovered inside the royal tomb provide valuable evidence about ancient beliefs, craftsmanship, and social organisation.",
    "zh": "王陵中发现的物品为研究古代信仰、工艺和社会组织提供了宝贵证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ancient tomb｜古墓",
   "royal tomb｜王陵",
   "burial tomb｜墓穴"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tombstone (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "b不发音，与room押韵；常指有建筑结构的墓。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tomb"
 },
 {
  "w": "civil",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪvəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪvəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "公民的；民用的",
    "en": "Relating to citizens or ordinary society rather than the military."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "民事的",
    "en": "Relating to private legal disputes rather than criminal offences."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有礼貌的；客气的",
    "en": "Polite and respectful, though not necessarily friendly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The airport handles both military and civil aircraft.",
    "zh": "这座机场既接待军用飞机，也接待民用飞机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting civil rights requires accessible legal services and public institutions that treat all citizens fairly.",
    "zh": "保护公民权利需要便捷可及的法律服务，以及公平对待所有公民的公共机构。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "civil rights｜公民权利",
   "civil aviation｜民用航空",
   "civil law｜民法",
   "remain civil｜保持礼貌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "civility (n.)",
   "civilly (adv.)",
   "uncivil (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "civil law指民法；civil war则指内战。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "civil"
 },
 {
  "w": "probable",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒbəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːbəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "很可能的",
    "en": "Likely to happen or be true."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic explained the probable cause of the noise.",
    "zh": "机修工解释了噪声最可能的原因。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Given current population trends, it is probable that demand for affordable housing will continue to rise.",
    "zh": "考虑到目前的人口趋势，对可负担住房的需求很可能会继续增长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "probable cause｜很可能的原因",
   "probable outcome｜很可能的结果",
   "highly probable｜极有可能的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "probably (adv.)",
   "probability (n.)",
   "improbable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "likely"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "improbable",
   "unlikely"
  ],
  "tip": "常用it is probable that；不用某人is probable to do。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "probable"
 },
 {
  "w": "flannel",
  "uk": "/ˈflænl/",
  "us": "/ˈflænl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "法兰绒",
    "en": "soft cotton or wool cloth used for warm clothing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洗脸巾；浴用小毛巾",
    "en": "a small cloth used for washing your face or body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wore a soft flannel shirt over her T-shirt.",
    "zh": "她在T恤外穿了一件柔软的法兰绒衬衫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In colder climates, flannel clothing provides practical warmth and can reduce reliance on intensive indoor heating.",
    "zh": "在较寒冷的气候中，法兰绒衣物能有效保暖，并可减少对高强度室内供暖的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flannel shirt｜法兰绒衬衫",
   "flannel pyjamas｜法兰绒睡衣",
   "cotton flannel｜棉法兰绒",
   "a damp flannel｜湿洗脸巾"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "布料义不可数；英式英语中a flannel指一块洗脸巾。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flannel"
 },
 {
  "w": "rehearsal",
  "uk": "/rɪˈhɜːsəl/",
  "us": "/rɪˈhɝːsəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "排练；预演",
    "en": "A practice session before a performance or important event."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our final rehearsal finished just before the audience arrived.",
    "zh": "我们的最后一次排练在观众到来前刚刚结束。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular rehearsal helps students develop confidence and teamwork skills before they perform in front of an audience.",
    "zh": "定期排练有助于学生在登台表演前培养信心和团队合作能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dress rehearsal｜彩排",
   "in rehearsal｜在排练中",
   "rehearsal room｜排练室"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rehearse (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "practice",
   "run-through"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一次排练可数；in rehearsal表示正在排练。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rehearsal"
 },
 {
  "w": "setting",
  "uk": "/ˈsetɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈsetɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "环境；场所；背景",
    "en": "The place and conditions in which something happens."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "设置；档位",
    "en": "A position or option controlling how a device works."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宝石镶座",
    "en": "The metal structure that holds a gemstone in jewellery."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lakeside garden provides a peaceful setting for lunch.",
    "zh": "湖边的花园为午餐提供了宁静的环境。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children often develop stronger communication skills in a supportive educational setting that encourages cooperation rather than competition.",
    "zh": "在鼓励合作而非竞争的支持性教育环境中，儿童通常能培养出更强的沟通能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a rural setting｜乡村环境",
   "an educational setting｜教育环境",
   "privacy settings｜隐私设置",
   "a heat setting｜温度档位"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "set (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "环境义常用in a setting；设备设置常用复数settings。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "setting"
 },
 {
  "w": "strand",
  "uk": "/strænd/",
  "us": "/strænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "股；缕；细丝",
    "en": "A single thin length of hair, thread, or similar material."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组成部分；方面",
    "en": "One element within a larger argument, story, or activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使滞留；使无法离开",
    "en": "To leave someone somewhere without a way to leave."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A strand of hair fell across her face.",
    "zh": "一缕头发垂到了她的脸上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving public transport is one strand of a broader strategy to reduce urban air pollution.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通是减少城市空气污染这一整体策略的一个方面。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a strand of hair｜一缕头发",
   "a strand of an argument｜论证的一个方面",
   "leave passengers stranded｜使乘客滞留"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stranded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一缕头发用a strand of hair；滞留常用be stranded。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strand"
 },
 {
  "w": "cautious",
  "uk": "/ˈkɔːʃəs/",
  "us": "/ˈkɔːʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "谨慎的；小心的",
    "en": "Careful to avoid danger, mistakes, or unnecessary risks."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cautious driver slowed down before the icy bridge.",
    "zh": "谨慎的司机在结冰的桥前减了速。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers should be cautious about sharing personal information with unfamiliar websites, particularly when making online payments.",
    "zh": "消费者应谨慎向陌生网站提供个人信息，尤其是在网上付款时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cautious approach｜谨慎的方法",
   "cautious about｜对……谨慎",
   "cautious optimism｜谨慎乐观"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "caution (n., v.)",
   "cautiously (adv.)",
   "cautiousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "careful",
   "wary",
   "prudent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reckless",
   "careless"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be cautious about doing，表示谨慎做某事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cautious"
 },
 {
  "w": "famine",
  "uk": "/ˈfæmɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈfæmɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "饥荒",
    "en": "a severe shortage of food affecting many people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our community sent food to families affected by famine.",
    "zh": "我们社区向遭受饥荒的家庭运送了食物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged drought can lead to famine when farming communities lack reliable irrigation systems and emergency food reserves.",
    "zh": "当农业社区缺乏可靠的灌溉系统和应急粮食储备时，长期干旱可能导致饥荒。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "widespread famine｜大范围饥荒",
   "famine relief｜饥荒救济",
   "prevent famine｜预防饥荒"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "famine指大范围粮食匮乏；个人饥饿用hunger。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "famine"
 },
 {
  "w": "attentively",
  "uk": "/əˈtentɪvli/",
  "us": "/əˈtentɪvli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "专心地；留意地",
    "en": "with careful attention to what is happening"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "体贴地；周到地",
    "en": "with care for another person's needs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children listened attentively as their grandmother told a story.",
    "zh": "祖母讲故事时，孩子们听得很专心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who listen attentively during group discussions are more likely to understand perspectives different from their own.",
    "zh": "在小组讨论中认真倾听的学生更有可能理解与自己不同的观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "listen attentively｜专心听",
   "watch attentively｜仔细观看",
   "care attentively for｜悉心照料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attention (n.)",
   "attentive (adj.)",
   "inattentive (adj.)",
   "attentiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "carefully"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inattentively"
  ],
  "tip": "最常见于listen attentively，重在专心而非关心。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attentively"
 },
 {
  "w": "wisdom",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪz.dəm/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪz.dəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "智慧；明智",
    "en": "The ability to judge well using knowledge and experience"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "智慧之言；公认看法",
    "en": "Ideas or advice considered sensible and valuable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother shared her wisdom while we cooked together.",
    "zh": "我和祖母一起做饭时，她分享了自己的人生智慧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The wisdom of expanding road networks is increasingly questioned as cities seek more sustainable transport solutions.",
    "zh": "随着城市寻求更可持续的交通方案，扩建道路网络是否明智越来越受到质疑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conventional wisdom｜普遍接受的看法",
   "words of wisdom｜智慧之言",
   "question the wisdom of｜质疑……是否明智",
   "the wisdom to do something｜做某事的智慧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wise (adj.)",
   "wisely (adv.)",
   "unwise (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "good judgement",
   "insight"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "folly",
   "foolishness"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数；knowledge重知识，wisdom重判断与运用。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wisdom"
 },
 {
  "w": "installment",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈstɔːlmənt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈstɔːlmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分期付款的一期款项",
    "en": "One of several payments made over time for something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "连载的一期；系列的一部",
    "en": "One part of a story or series released separately."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I paid the final installment on my bicycle today.",
    "zh": "我今天付清了自行车的最后一期款项。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Paying tuition fees in installments can make higher education more accessible to students from poorer households.",
    "zh": "分期支付学费可以让低收入家庭的学生更容易获得高等教育机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pay in installments｜分期付款",
   "monthly installment｜每月分期款",
   "the next installment｜下一期；下一部"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式拼写；英式为instalment，分期用in。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "installment"
 },
 {
  "w": "exhibit",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "展出；展览",
    "en": "to display objects or artworks for people to see"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表现出；显示",
    "en": "to show a particular quality, feeling or behaviour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "展品；证物",
    "en": "an object displayed publicly or presented as evidence in court"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The local gallery exhibits pottery made by young artists.",
    "zh": "当地画廊展出年轻艺术家制作的陶器。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children who regularly engage in creative activities often exhibit greater confidence when solving unfamiliar problems.",
    "zh": "经常参加创造性活动的儿童在解决陌生问题时往往表现得更自信。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exhibit artwork｜展出艺术作品",
   "exhibit symptoms｜显现症状",
   "a museum exhibit｜博物馆展品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exhibition (n.)",
   "exhibitor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "display",
   "show"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语中，exhibit 通常指单件展品，展览用 exhibition。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exhibit"
 },
 {
  "w": "kingdom",
  "uk": "/ˈkɪŋdəm/",
  "us": "/ˈkɪŋdəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "王国",
    "en": "a country ruled by a king or queen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生物分类中的界",
    "en": "one of the largest groups used to classify living things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old castle once guarded the entrance to the kingdom.",
    "zh": "这座古堡曾经守卫着王国的入口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourism in the small kingdom provides employment, but increasing visitor numbers place pressure on historic buildings.",
    "zh": "旅游业为这个小王国提供了就业机会，但游客数量增长也给历史建筑带来了压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "animal kingdom｜动物界",
   "plant kingdom｜植物界",
   "rule a kingdom｜统治王国"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "king (n.)",
   "kingship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "政治语境指王国；animal kingdom指动物界。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kingdom"
 },
 {
  "w": "crisp",
  "uk": "/krɪsp/",
  "us": "/krɪsp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "脆的；酥脆的",
    "en": "firm or dry enough to break with a sharp sound"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "清爽凉快的",
    "en": "pleasantly cool and fresh, describing air or weather"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "炸薯片",
    "en": "a thin fried potato slice, usually eaten as a snack"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The apple was crisp and sweet with every bite.",
    "zh": "这个苹果每咬一口都又脆又甜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Packaging helps keep snacks crisp, but excessive use of plastic creates significant environmental problems.",
    "zh": "包装有助于保持零食酥脆，但过度使用塑料会造成严重的环境问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "crisp lettuce｜脆嫩的生菜",
   "crisp air｜清爽的空气",
   "a packet of crisps｜一包薯片"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crispy (adj.)",
   "crispness (n.)",
   "crisply (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "crunchy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "soggy"
  ],
  "tip": "薯片英式常用复数crisps，美式说potato chips。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crisp"
 },
 {
  "w": "nitrogen",
  "uk": "/ˈnaɪtrədʒən/",
  "us": "/ˈnaɪtrədʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "氮；氮气",
    "en": "A chemical element forming most of the gas in Earth's air."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These beans help add nitrogen to our garden soil.",
    "zh": "这些豆类植物有助于增加我们花园土壤中的氮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excess nitrogen from agricultural fertilisers can enter rivers, encouraging rapid algae growth and damaging aquatic ecosystems.",
    "zh": "农业肥料中过量的氮可能进入河流，促使藻类迅速生长，破坏水生生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "liquid nitrogen｜液氮",
   "nitrogen gas｜氮气",
   "nitrogen cycle｜氮循环",
   "nitrogen fixation｜固氮"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nitrogenous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nitrogen是不可数名词，化学符号为N。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nitrogen"
 },
 {
  "w": "constant",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnstənt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnstənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "持续的；经常发生的",
    "en": "continuing or happening repeatedly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "恒定的；不变的",
    "en": "remaining the same over time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "常数；恒量",
    "en": "a value or quantity that does not change"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The constant noise outside kept me awake all night.",
    "zh": "外面持续不断的噪声让我整夜无法入睡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Maintaining a constant temperature in public buildings can improve comfort but may increase energy consumption.",
    "zh": "公共建筑保持恒温可以提高舒适度，但可能增加能源消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "constant pressure｜持续的压力",
   "constant temperature｜恒温",
   "remain constant｜保持不变"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "constantly (adv.)",
   "constancy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "variable"
  ],
  "tip": "可指持续发生，也可指数值不变，须看语境。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "constant"
 },
 {
  "w": "twist",
  "uk": "/twɪst/",
  "us": "/twɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拧；扭；扭转",
    "en": "turn something so its parts rotate in different directions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意外转折",
    "en": "an unexpected change in a story or situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "歪曲；曲解",
    "en": "change the meaning of something to mislead people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She twisted the wet towel over the sink.",
    "zh": "她在水槽上方拧干湿毛巾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online reports sometimes twist scientific findings, making it difficult for readers to judge health risks accurately.",
    "zh": "网络报道有时会歪曲科学研究结果，使读者难以准确判断健康风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "twist your ankle｜扭伤脚踝",
   "a plot twist｜情节的意外转折",
   "twist the facts｜歪曲事实"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "twisted (adj)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "twist既可指实际扭转，也可指歪曲事实。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "twist"
 },
 {
  "w": "spoonful",
  "uk": "/ˈspuːnfʊl/",
  "us": "/ˈspuːnfʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一匙的量",
    "en": "The amount that a spoon can hold"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She stirred a spoonful of honey into her tea.",
    "zh": "她把一匙蜂蜜搅进茶里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Adding several spoonfuls of sugar to drinks each day can substantially increase a person's daily calorie intake.",
    "zh": "每天往饮料里加几匙糖，会显著增加一个人的每日热量摄入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a spoonful of sugar｜一匙糖",
   "a heaped spoonful｜满满一匙",
   "a level spoonful｜平平一匙"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spoon (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是名词而非形容词；复数通常为spoonfuls。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spoonful"
 },
 {
  "w": "brightness",
  "uk": "/ˈbraɪtnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈbraɪtnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "亮度；明亮",
    "en": "The amount of light something gives off or reflects."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鲜艳；鲜亮",
    "en": "The quality of having strong, vivid colours."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "聪明；机敏",
    "en": "The ability to understand and learn things quickly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I lowered the screen's brightness before watching a film.",
    "zh": "看电影前，我调低了屏幕亮度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing the brightness of outdoor lighting at night can save energy and limit disruption to wildlife.",
    "zh": "夜间降低户外照明亮度可以节约能源，并减少对野生动物的干扰。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adjust the brightness｜调节亮度",
   "screen brightness｜屏幕亮度",
   "the brightness of colours｜色彩的鲜艳程度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bright (adj.)",
   "brightly (adv.)",
   "brighten (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "luminosity",
   "brilliance"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dimness",
   "dullness"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数；屏幕的“亮度”用brightness，不用lightness。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brightness"
 },
 {
  "w": "remainder",
  "uk": "/rɪˈmeɪndə/",
  "us": "/rɪˈmeɪndər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "剩余部分；其余的人",
    "en": "what is left after other parts are removed or used"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "余数",
    "en": "the amount left when division does not produce a whole number"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We ate half the cake and refrigerated the remainder.",
    "zh": "我们吃了半个蛋糕，把剩下的放进了冰箱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "After funding essential services, the council allocated the remainder of its budget to improving public parks.",
    "zh": "在为基本服务拨款后，地方议会将剩余预算用于改善公共公园。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the remainder of｜……的剩余部分",
   "for the remainder of｜在……余下的时间里",
   "leave a remainder｜留下余数"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "remain (v.)",
   "remaining (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rest"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用the remainder of；谓语单复数取决于所指内容。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "remainder"
 },
 {
  "w": "sow",
  "uk": "/səʊ/",
  "us": "/soʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "播种",
    "en": "To put seeds in soil so they can grow."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "散布；埋下祸根",
    "en": "To cause feelings or problems to begin and spread."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sowed carrot seeds in the garden this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，我们在花园里播下了胡萝卜种子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Misleading online reports can sow distrust among communities and weaken confidence in public institutions.",
    "zh": "误导性的网络报道可能在社区间散布不信任，削弱公众对公共机构的信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sow seeds｜播种",
   "sow doubt｜引起怀疑",
   "sow discord｜挑拨离间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sower (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "plant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reap"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式sowed，分词sown或sowed；母猪读/saʊ/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sow"
 },
 {
  "w": "artificial",
  "uk": "/ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃəl/",
  "us": "/ˌɑːrtəˈfɪʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "人造的；仿造的",
    "en": "Made by people rather than occurring naturally"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不自然的；做作的",
    "en": "Not sincere or natural in appearance or behaviour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The artificial flowers looked surprisingly fresh on the table.",
    "zh": "桌上的仿真花看起来竟然像鲜花一样。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive artificial lighting in urban areas can disrupt wildlife behaviour and reduce the visibility of stars.",
    "zh": "城市中过量的人工照明会扰乱野生动物的行为，并使星星难以看清。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "artificial intelligence｜人工智能",
   "artificial lighting｜人工照明",
   "artificial sweeteners｜人工甜味剂",
   "an artificial smile｜做作的微笑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "artificially (adv.)",
   "artificiality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "synthetic",
   "man-made"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "natural"
  ],
  "tip": "artificial指人造的；artistic才是艺术的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "artificial"
 },
 {
  "w": "appealing",
  "uk": "/əˈpiːlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/əˈpiːlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有吸引力的；令人喜欢的",
    "en": "attractive or interesting enough to make people want it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "恳求的",
    "en": "showing a strong wish for help or sympathy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sunny balcony makes this small flat especially appealing.",
    "zh": "阳光充足的阳台让这套小公寓格外有吸引力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working arrangements are particularly appealing to parents who need to balance employment with childcare responsibilities.",
    "zh": "灵活的工作安排对需要兼顾工作与育儿责任的父母尤其有吸引力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "appealing prospect｜诱人的前景",
   "visually appealing｜视觉上吸引人的",
   "appealing to consumers｜吸引消费者的",
   "an appealing look｜恳求的眼神"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "appeal (v.)",
   "appeal (n.)",
   "unappealing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "attractive",
   "inviting"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unappealing",
   "unattractive"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“对某人有吸引力”用appealing to sb。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "appealing"
 },
 {
  "w": "optical",
  "uk": "/ˈɒptɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːptɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "光的；光学的",
    "en": "Relating to light or devices that use light."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "视觉的；视力的",
    "en": "Relating to sight or the way the eyes work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This optical illusion makes the flat drawing look three-dimensional.",
    "zh": "这种视错觉让平面的图画看起来像立体的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Optical fibres enable rapid data transmission, supporting the expansion of reliable internet access in remote communities.",
    "zh": "光纤能实现快速数据传输，帮助可靠的互联网服务覆盖偏远社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "optical illusion｜视错觉",
   "optical fibre｜光纤",
   "optical instrument｜光学仪器"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "optics (n.)",
   "optically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "optical涉及光或视觉；optical illusion指视错觉。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "optical"
 },
 {
  "w": "distribute",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstrɪbjuːt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstrɪbjuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分发；分配",
    "en": "to give or deliver something to several people or places"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使分布；使散布",
    "en": "to spread something over an area"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Volunteers distribute fresh fruit outside the community centre every Friday.",
    "zh": "志愿者每周五在社区中心外分发新鲜水果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must distribute healthcare resources fairly so that rural communities receive the same quality of care as urban residents.",
    "zh": "政府必须公平分配医疗资源，让农村社区享有与城市居民同等质量的医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "distribute food｜分发食物",
   "distribute resources｜分配资源",
   "evenly distributed｜均匀分布的",
   "widely distributed｜广泛分布的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "distribution (n.)",
   "distributor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hand out",
   "allocate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "collect"
  ],
  "tip": "distribute A to B 表示“把A分发给B”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "distribute"
 },
 {
  "w": "courtesy",
  "uk": "/ˈkɜːtəsi/",
  "us": "/ˈkɝːtəsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "礼貌；谦恭",
    "en": "polite behaviour showing respect and consideration for others"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "好意；礼貌之举",
    "en": "a polite or helpful act"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "免费提供的",
    "en": "provided free to customers as a service"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She treated every guest with courtesy, even when tired.",
    "zh": "即使很累，她也对每位客人彬彬有礼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Showing courtesy towards fellow passengers can make public transport more pleasant and accessible for everyone.",
    "zh": "礼貌对待其他乘客能让公共交通更加舒适，也更方便所有人使用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "common courtesy｜基本礼貌",
   "as a courtesy｜出于礼貌",
   "courtesy bus｜免费接送巴士",
   "courtesy of｜承蒙……提供"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "courteous (adj.)",
   "courteously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "politeness",
   "civility"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rudeness"
  ],
  "tip": "courtesy of表示承蒙某方提供或允许使用。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "courtesy"
 },
 {
  "w": "parachute",
  "uk": "/ˈpærəʃuːt/",
  "us": "/ˈpærəʃuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "降落伞",
    "en": "Equipment that slows a fall through the air"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "跳伞；空投",
    "en": "To jump or drop something from aircraft using a parachute"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her parachute opened smoothly above the green fields.",
    "zh": "她的降落伞在绿色田野上空顺利张开。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rescue teams used parachutes to deliver essential supplies to villages isolated by severe flooding.",
    "zh": "救援队利用降落伞向被严重洪灾隔绝的村庄投送必需物资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "open a parachute｜打开降落伞",
   "parachute jump｜跳伞",
   "parachute supplies into｜向……空投物资"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "parachutist (n.)",
   "parachuting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词时，既可指人跳伞，也可指空投物资。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "parachute"
 },
 {
  "w": "gross",
  "uk": "/ɡrəʊs/",
  "us": "/ɡroʊs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "总的；毛的",
    "en": "Calculated before taxes, costs, or other amounts are taken away."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严重的；极其恶劣的",
    "en": "Extremely serious and clearly unacceptable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "恶心的；令人厌恶的",
    "en": "Very unpleasant or disgusting."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My gross pay looks much better than my take-home pay.",
    "zh": "我的税前工资看起来比实发工资高多了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Gross domestic product measures economic output, but it does not fully reflect citizens' quality of life.",
    "zh": "国内生产总值衡量经济产出，却不能全面反映公民的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gross income｜总收入",
   "gross domestic product｜国内生产总值",
   "gross negligence｜重大过失",
   "gross profit｜毛利润"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grossly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "total",
   "disgusting"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "net"
  ],
  "tip": "财务中gross为扣除前总额，net为净额。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gross"
 },
 {
  "w": "contribute",
  "uk": "/kənˈtrɪbjuːt/",
  "us": "/kənˈtrɪbjuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "贡献；捐助",
    "en": "To give money, time, or effort towards a shared purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "促成；是原因之一",
    "en": "To help cause a particular result"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "投稿；撰稿",
    "en": "To write material for a publication or website"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone contributed a dish to our shared evening meal.",
    "zh": "每个人都为我们的聚餐带来了一道菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Limited access to affordable housing can contribute to social inequality and force workers to accept longer commutes.",
    "zh": "难以获得可负担住房可能加剧社会不平等，并迫使劳动者接受更长的通勤时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contribute to a discussion｜参与讨论",
   "contribute to economic growth｜促进经济增长",
   "contribute funds｜捐助资金",
   "contribute an article｜撰写稿件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contribution (n.)",
   "contributor (n.)",
   "contributory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "contribute to中的to是介词，后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contribute"
 },
 {
  "w": "eyelid",
  "uk": "/ˈaɪlɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈaɪlɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "眼睑；眼皮",
    "en": "a fold of skin that closes over the eye"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiny grain of sand irritated my eyelid.",
    "zh": "一粒细沙刺激了我的眼皮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The eyelids help protect the eyes from dust and spread moisture across their surface during blinking.",
    "zh": "眼睑有助于阻挡灰尘，并在眨眼时将水分均匀分布在眼球表面。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "upper eyelid｜上眼睑",
   "lower eyelid｜下眼睑",
   "swollen eyelid｜肿胀的眼皮"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "eyelid是眼皮；eyelash是睫毛。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eyelid"
 },
 {
  "w": "oak",
  "uk": "/əʊk/",
  "us": "/oʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "橡树；栎树",
    "en": "a large tree that produces acorns"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "橡木；栎木",
    "en": "the strong, hard wood of an oak tree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spread our picnic blanket beneath a huge oak.",
    "zh": "我们在一棵巨大的橡树下铺开野餐毯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting mature oak trees helps preserve woodland habitats and supports a wide variety of native wildlife.",
    "zh": "保护成熟的橡树有助于维护林地栖息地，并支持多种本地野生动植物生存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "oak tree｜橡树",
   "solid oak｜实心橡木",
   "oak furniture｜橡木家具",
   "oak woodland｜橡树林"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指树时可数，指木材时不可数；oak table中作定语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oak"
 },
 {
  "w": "fluffy",
  "uk": "/ˈflʌfi/",
  "us": "/ˈflʌfi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "毛茸茸的；轻软的",
    "en": "covered with soft hair or having a soft, airy texture"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "松软的",
    "en": "light and soft because of air inside"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our kitten curled up on a fluffy white blanket.",
    "zh": "我们的小猫蜷缩在一条毛茸茸的白色毯子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hotels often provide fluffy towels and comfortable bedding to improve guest satisfaction and encourage repeat visits.",
    "zh": "酒店通常提供柔软蓬松的毛巾和舒适的床上用品，以提高客人满意度并吸引回头客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fluffy towel｜蓬松柔软的毛巾",
   "fluffy clouds｜棉絮般的云朵",
   "fluffy pancakes｜松软的煎饼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fluff (n.)",
   "fluffiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容毛发时指毛茸茸；形容食物时指松软。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fluffy"
 },
 {
  "w": "conquer",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒŋkə/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːŋkər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "征服；攻占",
    "en": "Take control of a country or place by force."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "克服；战胜",
    "en": "Successfully deal with a fear, difficulty, or challenge."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She conquered her fear and climbed onto the diving board.",
    "zh": "她克服了恐惧，爬上了跳板。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Throughout history, powerful states have sought to conquer neighbouring territories to gain resources and expand their influence.",
    "zh": "纵观历史，强大的国家一直试图征服邻近领土，以获取资源并扩大影响力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conquer a territory｜征服一片领土",
   "conquer a fear｜克服恐惧",
   "conquer a mountain｜征服一座高山"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conqueror (n.)",
   "conquest (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "overcome",
   "subdue"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "surrender"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接宾语：conquer a fear。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conquer"
 },
 {
  "w": "electron",
  "uk": "/ɪˈlektrɒn/",
  "us": "/ɪˈlektrɑːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电子",
    "en": "A tiny particle carrying a negative electric charge."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher used coloured beads to represent each electron.",
    "zh": "老师用彩色珠子来表示每个电子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Understanding how electrons move through materials is essential for developing more efficient batteries and electronic devices.",
    "zh": "了解电子如何在材料中移动，对开发效率更高的电池和电子设备至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "electron microscope｜电子显微镜",
   "electron flow｜电子流",
   "electron beam｜电子束"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "electronic (adj.)",
   "electronics (n.)",
   "electronically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "electron是粒子；electronic意为电子的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "electron"
 },
 {
  "w": "refreshment",
  "uk": "/rɪˈfreʃmənt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈfreʃmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "茶点；饮料和小吃",
    "en": "small amounts of food and drink, usually served during breaks"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恢复精神；消除疲劳",
    "en": "the feeling of renewed energy after rest, food, or drink"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They served refreshments in the garden after the meeting.",
    "zh": "会后，他们在花园里提供了茶点。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing free refreshments during community events can create a welcoming atmosphere and encourage informal conversations among residents.",
    "zh": "在社区活动中免费提供茶点可以营造友好氛围，促进居民之间的轻松交流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "light refreshments｜简单茶点",
   "serve refreshments｜供应茶点",
   "refreshment break｜茶歇"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "refresh (v.)",
   "refreshing (adj.)",
   "refreshed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指茶点时通常用复数refreshments；指恢复精神时不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "refreshment"
 },
 {
  "w": "absolute",
  "uk": "/ˈæbsəluːt/",
  "us": "/ˈæbsəluːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "完全的；彻底的",
    "en": "complete or total"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "绝对的；不受限制的",
    "en": "not limited by conditions, rules, or other authorities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The room fell into absolute silence when she entered.",
    "zh": "她一进来，房间里就变得鸦雀无声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Giving any single institution absolute power can weaken accountability and reduce public trust in government.",
    "zh": "赋予任何单一机构不受限制的权力，都可能削弱问责机制并降低公众对政府的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "absolute silence｜鸦雀无声",
   "absolute certainty｜绝对肯定",
   "absolute power｜绝对权力",
   "an absolute necessity｜绝对必需的事物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "absolutely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "complete",
   "total"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "partial",
   "relative"
  ],
  "tip": "常表示程度已达极限，通常不用 very 修饰。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "absolute"
 },
 {
  "w": "tracking",
  "uk": "/ˈtrækɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈtrækɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "追踪；跟踪监测",
    "en": "The process of following movements or monitoring changes over time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Parcel tracking showed that my package had arrived nearby.",
    "zh": "包裹追踪信息显示，我的包裹已经到附近了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Satellite tracking enables researchers to study animal migration and identify habitats that require stronger protection.",
    "zh": "卫星追踪使研究人员能够研究动物迁徙，并识别需要加强保护的栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "satellite tracking｜卫星追踪",
   "parcel tracking｜包裹追踪",
   "tracking device｜追踪装置",
   "real-time tracking｜实时追踪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "track (v.)",
   "tracker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "monitoring"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词通常不可数；也是track的现在分词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tracking"
 },
 {
  "w": "universal",
  "uk": "/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəl/",
  "us": "/ˌjuːnɪˈvɝːsəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "普遍的；全体适用的",
    "en": "Existing everywhere or applying to everyone in a group."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "通用的",
    "en": "Suitable for use with many different devices or situations."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new playground won universal approval from local families.",
    "zh": "新游乐场得到了当地家庭的一致认可。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universal access to affordable healthcare can reduce inequality and improve the overall wellbeing of a population.",
    "zh": "人人都能获得负担得起的医疗服务，可以减少不平等并改善全民的整体福祉。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "universal access｜普遍享有使用机会",
   "universal healthcare｜全民医疗",
   "universal appeal｜普遍吸引力",
   "universal charger｜通用充电器"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "universally (adv.)",
   "universality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指全体适用或普遍存在，语气通常强于common。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "universal"
 },
 {
  "w": "joint",
  "uk": "/dʒɔɪnt/",
  "us": "/dʒɔɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "共同的；联合的",
    "en": "Shared, owned, or done by two or more people or groups."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "关节；接合处",
    "en": "A place where bones or separate parts meet."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Buying the sofa was a joint decision with my flatmate.",
    "zh": "买这张沙发是我和室友共同作出的决定。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Joint research projects allow universities to share resources and address environmental problems more effectively.",
    "zh": "联合研究项目使大学能够共享资源，更有效地应对环境问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "joint effort｜共同努力",
   "joint venture｜合资企业",
   "joint decision｜共同决定",
   "joint pain｜关节疼痛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jointly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "joint作形容词指共同参与；作名词可指关节。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "joint"
 },
 {
  "w": "hold-up",
  "uk": "/ˈhəʊld ʌp/",
  "us": "/ˈhoʊld ʌp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "耽搁；延误",
    "en": "A delay that prevents something from continuing as planned"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "持械抢劫",
    "en": "A robbery involving threats with a weapon"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A hold-up on the bridge made us miss lunch.",
    "zh": "桥上的堵塞让我们错过了午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even a brief hold-up in the supply chain can significantly increase costs for small manufacturers.",
    "zh": "供应链中即使出现短暂延误，也可能显著增加小型制造商的成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "traffic hold-up｜交通堵塞",
   "a lengthy hold-up｜长时间延误",
   "an armed hold-up｜持械抢劫"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "delay",
   "robbery"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词有连字符；动词短语写作hold up。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hold-up"
 },
 {
  "w": "spokesman",
  "uk": "/ˈspəʊksmən/",
  "us": "/ˈspoʊksmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男发言人",
    "en": "A man who speaks officially for a group or organisation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A spokesman explained why the swimming pool was closed.",
    "zh": "一位男发言人解释了游泳池关闭的原因。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The government spokesman announced that additional funding would support public transport improvements in rural communities.",
    "zh": "政府男发言人宣布，将追加资金支持农村地区的公共交通改善。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a government spokesman｜政府男发言人",
   "a company spokesman｜公司男发言人",
   "a spokesman for｜……的男发言人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spokeswoman (n.)",
   "spokesperson (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "spokesperson",
   "representative"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "特指男性；不强调性别时用spokesperson。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spokesman"
 },
 {
  "w": "orbit",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːbɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːrbɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天体或卫星运行轨道",
    "en": "the curved path of an object moving around another in space"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "绕轨道运行；环绕",
    "en": "to move around a planet, star, or other object in space"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched an animation showing the satellite's orbit.",
    "zh": "我们观看了一段展示卫星运行轨道的动画。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Satellites that orbit the Earth provide essential data for weather forecasting, disaster monitoring, and climate research.",
    "zh": "绕地球运行的卫星为天气预报、灾害监测和气候研究提供必要数据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in orbit｜在轨道上运行",
   "enter orbit｜进入轨道",
   "a stable orbit｜稳定的轨道",
   "orbit the Earth｜绕地球运行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "orbital (adj.)",
   "orbiter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词可直接接天体：orbit the Earth，无须加 around。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "orbit"
 },
 {
  "w": "bacterium",
  "uk": "/bækˈtɪəriəm/",
  "us": "/bækˈtɪriəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "细菌",
    "en": "A microscopic single-celled organism, sometimes responsible for disease."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Under the microscope, a single bacterium moved slowly.",
    "zh": "显微镜下，一个细菌缓缓移动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists identified a bacterium that could help remove harmful chemicals from polluted soil without damaging nearby plants.",
    "zh": "科学家发现了一种细菌，可帮助去除受污染土壤中的有害化学物质，同时不伤害附近的植物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a harmful bacterium｜有害细菌",
   "disease-causing bacteria｜致病细菌",
   "beneficial bacteria｜有益细菌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bacteria (n.)",
   "bacterial (adj.)",
   "antibacterial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单数bacterium，复数bacteria；复数作主语用are。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bacterium"
 },
 {
  "w": "outbreak",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊtbreɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊtbreɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爆发；突然发生",
    "en": "The sudden start of a disease or other harmful event."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The flu outbreak kept several children home from school.",
    "zh": "流感爆发让几个孩子待在家里，未能上学。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid access to reliable health information can help communities respond effectively to an outbreak of infectious disease.",
    "zh": "及时获取可靠的健康信息有助于社区有效应对传染病暴发。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a disease outbreak｜疾病暴发",
   "the outbreak of war｜战争爆发",
   "contain an outbreak｜控制疫情"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词outbreak写成一词；动词用break out。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outbreak"
 },
 {
  "w": "prosperous",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒspərəs/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːspərəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "繁荣的；富裕的",
    "en": "Financially successful and enjoying wealth or economic growth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The once quiet village is now a prosperous market town.",
    "zh": "这个曾经安静的村庄如今已成为繁荣的集镇。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A prosperous economy can generate the resources needed to improve education, healthcare, and public infrastructure.",
    "zh": "繁荣的经济能够创造改善教育、医疗和公共基础设施所需的资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prosperous economy｜繁荣的经济",
   "prosperous nation｜富裕的国家",
   "prosperous future｜富足的未来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prosper (v.)",
   "prosperity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thriving",
   "affluent",
   "wealthy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "impoverished"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰国家、地区或经济，强调经济上的兴旺。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prosperous"
 },
 {
  "w": "shift",
  "uk": "/ʃɪft/",
  "us": "/ʃɪft/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "移动；转变",
    "en": "To move or change position, direction, or focus."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "转变；变化",
    "en": "A change in position, direction, or emphasis."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轮班；轮班工作时间",
    "en": "A scheduled period of work in a rotating system."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shifted the sofa closer to the window.",
    "zh": "我们把沙发往窗边挪了挪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should shift investment towards public transport to reduce traffic congestion and urban air pollution.",
    "zh": "政府应将投资转向公共交通，以缓解交通拥堵和城市空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shift the focus｜转移重点",
   "a shift in attitudes｜态度的转变",
   "work a night shift｜上夜班",
   "shift responsibility｜推卸责任"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "shift作名词可指变化，也可指工作班次。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shift"
 },
 {
  "w": "slavery",
  "uk": "/ˈsleɪvəri/",
  "us": "/ˈsleɪvəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奴隶制度；奴役状态",
    "en": "a system where people are owned and forced to work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We learned about slavery during our museum visit yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天参观博物馆时，我们了解了奴隶制度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although slavery has been legally abolished worldwide, forced labour remains a serious challenge for governments and international organisations.",
    "zh": "尽管奴隶制度已在全球范围内被依法废除，强迫劳动仍是各国政府和国际组织面临的严峻挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "abolish slavery｜废除奴隶制",
   "modern slavery｜现代奴役",
   "the abolition of slavery｜奴隶制的废除"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "slave (n.)",
   "enslave (v.)",
   "enslavement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enslavement",
   "bondage"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "freedom"
  ],
  "tip": "slavery为不可数名词；abolish slavery指废除奴隶制。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slavery"
 },
 {
  "w": "explosive",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspləʊsɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsploʊsɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "易爆的；爆炸的",
    "en": "able or likely to burst violently"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "爆发性的；激增的",
    "en": "increasing very rapidly or appearing with sudden force"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "炸药；爆炸物",
    "en": "a substance that can cause a violent burst of energy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These explosive materials must be kept away from heat.",
    "zh": "这些易爆材料必须远离热源存放。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The explosive growth of online shopping has increased demand for delivery services and created new challenges for urban planners.",
    "zh": "网络购物的爆发式增长增加了对配送服务的需求，也给城市规划者带来了新的挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "explosive materials｜易爆材料",
   "explosive growth｜爆发式增长",
   "explosive force｜爆炸力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "explode (v.)",
   "explosion (n.)",
   "explosively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "explosive growth形容激增，并非真正发生爆炸。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "explosive"
 },
 {
  "w": "root",
  "uk": "/ruːt/",
  "us": "/ruːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "植物的根",
    "en": "the part of a plant that absorbs water from soil"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "根源；起因",
    "en": "the basic cause or origin of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "生根；使生根",
    "en": "to grow roots or cause a plant to grow roots"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Thick roots from the oak have cracked our garden path.",
    "zh": "橡树粗壮的根把我们花园的小路撑裂了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective policies should address the root of poverty rather than simply provide temporary financial assistance.",
    "zh": "有效的政策应解决贫困的根源，而不只是提供临时的经济援助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "root cause｜根本原因",
   "take root｜生根；扎根",
   "at the root of｜是……的根源",
   "plant roots｜植物根部"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rooted (adj.)",
   "rootless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "root本身不表示根除；root out才表示根除。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "root"
 },
 {
  "w": "subscription",
  "uk": "/səbˈskrɪpʃən/",
  "us": "/səbˈskrɪpʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "订阅；订购",
    "en": "An arrangement to receive a service or publication regularly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "订阅费；会员费",
    "en": "Money paid regularly for a publication, service, or membership."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I cancelled my magazine subscription before moving abroad.",
    "zh": "我在搬到国外之前取消了杂志订阅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Subscription services can widen access to educational resources, although recurring fees may exclude lower-income households.",
    "zh": "订阅服务可以扩大教育资源的获取渠道，但持续收费可能将低收入家庭排除在外。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an annual subscription｜年度订阅",
   "subscription fee｜订阅费",
   "renew a subscription｜续订",
   "cancel a subscription｜取消订阅"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "subscribe (v.)",
   "subscriber (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "subscription是订阅或费用；用户是subscriber。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "subscription"
 },
 {
  "w": "rapid",
  "uk": "/ˈræpɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈræpɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "迅速的；快速的",
    "en": "Happening or moving very quickly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "急流；险滩",
    "en": "A fast, turbulent stretch of river, usually called rapids."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her rapid recovery surprised everyone in the family.",
    "zh": "她恢复得如此迅速，让全家人都感到惊讶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid urban growth often places considerable pressure on public transport, housing, and essential services.",
    "zh": "城市的快速发展往往给公共交通、住房和基本服务带来相当大的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rapid growth｜快速增长",
   "rapid change｜迅速变化",
   "rapid recovery｜迅速恢复",
   "white-water rapids｜激流险滩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rapidly (adv.)",
   "rapidity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fast",
   "swift",
   "quick"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "slow",
   "gradual"
  ],
  "tip": "rapid常修饰变化或增长；急流通常用rapids。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rapid"
 },
 {
  "w": "goddess",
  "uk": "/ˈɡɒdes/",
  "us": "/ˈɡɑːdəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女神",
    "en": "A female deity worshipped in a religion or described in mythology."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displayed a stone statue of a goddess.",
    "zh": "博物馆展出了一尊女神石像。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ancient sculptures of a harvest goddess reveal how closely religious beliefs were connected to agriculture.",
    "zh": "古代丰收女神雕像揭示了宗教信仰与农业之间的紧密联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "goddess of wisdom｜智慧女神",
   "harvest goddess｜丰收女神",
   "worship a goddess｜崇拜女神"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "god (n.)",
   "godlike (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "female deity"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "goddess指女神，对应男性神祇通常用god。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "goddess"
 },
 {
  "w": "siren",
  "uk": "/ˈsaɪrən/",
  "us": "/ˈsaɪrən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "警报器；警报声",
    "en": "a device producing a loud warning sound, or that sound"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An ambulance siren woke me early this morning.",
    "zh": "今天一大早，救护车的警报声把我吵醒了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Emergency sirens can help coastal communities respond quickly when severe storms threaten their safety.",
    "zh": "当强风暴威胁沿海社区的安全时，应急警报器能帮助居民迅速作出反应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sound a siren｜拉响警报器",
   "ambulance siren｜救护车警报声",
   "warning siren｜警报器"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指发声的警报器，也可指其发出的警报声。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "siren"
 },
 {
  "w": "recite",
  "uk": "/rɪˈsaɪt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈsaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "背诵；朗诵",
    "en": "Say a poem or passage aloud, often from memory"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逐一叙述；列举",
    "en": "Say a series of facts or details aloud"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister recited a short poem after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，我妹妹背诵了一首短诗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who merely recite facts may struggle to apply their knowledge to unfamiliar problems.",
    "zh": "只会背诵事实的学生可能难以运用知识解决陌生的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "recite a poem｜背诵诗歌",
   "recite from memory｜凭记忆背诵",
   "recite a list｜逐一念出清单"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recitation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "recite强调出声背诵；memorise强调记住。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recite"
 },
 {
  "w": "pessimistic",
  "uk": "/ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "悲观的",
    "en": "Expecting bad results or focusing on possible problems."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He felt pessimistic about the picnic when clouds gathered.",
    "zh": "乌云聚拢时，他觉得野餐恐怕办不成了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Young people may become pessimistic about their career prospects when stable employment opportunities remain limited.",
    "zh": "当稳定的就业机会持续不足时，年轻人可能对职业前景感到悲观。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pessimistic about the future｜对未来悲观",
   "a pessimistic outlook｜悲观的看法",
   "a pessimistic forecast｜悲观的预测"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pessimism (n.)",
   "pessimist (n.)",
   "pessimistically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "negative",
   "downbeat"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "optimistic"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be pessimistic about；反义词是optimistic。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pessimistic"
 },
 {
  "w": "coursework",
  "uk": "/ˈkɔːswɜːk/",
  "us": "/ˈkɔːrswɝːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "课程作业",
    "en": "Work completed during a course, often contributing to final assessment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I finished my coursework before meeting friends for lunch.",
    "zh": "我先完成了课程作业，然后去和朋友吃午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Assessing students through coursework can provide a broader picture of their abilities than relying solely on examinations.",
    "zh": "与只依靠考试相比，通过课程作业评估学生能更全面地反映他们的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "submit coursework｜提交课程作业",
   "complete coursework｜完成课程作业",
   "coursework assessment｜课程作业考核"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "course (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数，不说 a coursework；一份用 a piece of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coursework"
 },
 {
  "w": "crucial",
  "uk": "/ˈkruːʃəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkruːʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "至关重要的；关键的",
    "en": "extremely important to the success or outcome of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your spare key was crucial when I locked myself out.",
    "zh": "我把自己锁在门外时，你的备用钥匙派上了关键用场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to reliable public transport is crucial for people seeking employment beyond their immediate neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "对于想在居住地附近以外寻找工作的人来说，可靠的公共交通至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a crucial role｜关键作用",
   "a crucial factor｜关键因素",
   "crucial to success｜对成功至关重要",
   "a crucial decision｜关键决定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crucially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "vital",
   "essential",
   "critical"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unimportant"
  ],
  "tip": "比important语气强；常用be crucial to。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crucial"
 },
 {
  "w": "demolish",
  "uk": "/dɪˈmɒlɪʃ/",
  "us": "/dɪˈmɑːlɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拆毁；拆除",
    "en": "To completely destroy a building or other structure."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "彻底驳倒",
    "en": "To show clearly that an argument or theory is wrong."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Workers demolished the old garage behind our house.",
    "zh": "工人拆除了我们房子后面的旧车库。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities should consider restoring historic buildings rather than demolishing them to make space for new developments.",
    "zh": "城市应考虑修复历史建筑，而不是将其拆除以腾出空间进行新开发。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "demolish a building｜拆除建筑",
   "demolish an argument｜彻底驳倒论点",
   "demolish completely｜彻底拆毁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "demolition (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "destroy",
   "raze"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "construct"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接宾语；也可指彻底驳倒论点。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "demolish"
 },
 {
  "w": "consultant",
  "uk": "/kənˈsʌltənt/",
  "us": "/kənˈsʌltənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "顾问；咨询专家",
    "en": "An expert paid to provide specialist advice."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "高级专科医生",
    "en": "A senior hospital doctor specialising in a particular medical field."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hired a consultant to help improve our small business.",
    "zh": "我们聘请了一位顾问，帮助改善小公司的经营。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An environmental consultant can help companies reduce waste while ensuring that their operations comply with national regulations.",
    "zh": "环境顾问可以帮助企业减少废弃物，同时确保其运营符合国家法规。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a management consultant｜管理顾问",
   "an environmental consultant｜环境顾问",
   "hire a consultant｜聘请顾问",
   "a consultant surgeon｜高级外科医生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consult (v.)",
   "consultation (n.)",
   "consultancy (n.)",
   "consultative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adviser"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "医疗语境中，英国的consultant指高级专科医生。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consultant"
 },
 {
  "w": "operate",
  "uk": "/ˈɒpəreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːpəreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "操作；运转",
    "en": "to control equipment, or to work as a machine"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "经营；运营",
    "en": "to run a business or provide a service"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "做手术",
    "en": "to perform surgery on a patient"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you show me how to operate this printer?",
    "zh": "你能教我怎么操作这台打印机吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies that operate in rural areas often face higher transport costs and limited access to skilled workers.",
    "zh": "在农村地区经营的公司往往面临较高的运输成本，而且难以找到技术熟练的员工。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "operate machinery｜操作机器",
   "operate a business｜经营企业",
   "operate on a patient｜给病人做手术",
   "operate efficiently｜高效运转"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "operation (n.)",
   "operator (n.)",
   "operational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "run",
   "control"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "操作机器直接接宾语；给某人做手术用operate on。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "operate"
 },
 {
  "w": "companion",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpænjən/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpænjən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "同伴；伴侣",
    "en": "a person or animal that spends time with someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "参考指南；手册",
    "en": "a book providing useful information about a particular subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My dog has been a loyal companion for years.",
    "zh": "多年来，我的狗一直是忠实的伙伴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For older adults living alone, a companion can reduce loneliness and encourage regular participation in community activities.",
    "zh": "对于独居老人来说，同伴可以减轻孤独感，并鼓励他们定期参加社区活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a travelling companion｜旅伴",
   "a loyal companion｜忠实的伙伴",
   "a companion to literature｜文学指南"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "companionship (n.)",
   "companionable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "partner",
   "friend"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "companion强调陪伴，不一定是好友，也可指动物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "companion"
 },
 {
  "w": "furious",
  "uk": "/ˈfjʊəriəs/",
  "us": "/ˈfjʊriəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极其愤怒的",
    "en": "Feeling or showing extreme anger."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "猛烈的；激烈的",
    "en": "Done with great force, energy, or speed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Lena was furious when someone scratched her new bicycle.",
    "zh": "有人刮花了莉娜的新自行车，她气坏了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents were furious about the sudden closure of a public park without any community consultation.",
    "zh": "一座公园未经任何社区协商就突然关闭，居民对此十分愤怒。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "furious with someone｜对某人大发雷霆",
   "furious about something｜因某事极其愤怒",
   "a furious debate｜激烈的辩论"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fury (n.)",
   "furiously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enraged",
   "angry"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm"
  ],
  "tip": "对某人生气用with，因某事生气用about。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "furious"
 },
 {
  "w": "pierce",
  "uk": "/pɪəs/",
  "us": "/pɪrs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刺穿；扎破",
    "en": "to make a hole through something with a sharp object"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "穿透；划破",
    "en": "to pass sharply through darkness, silence, or another barrier"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Use a fork to pierce the potato before baking.",
    "zh": "烘烤前，用叉子在土豆上扎几个孔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Powerful artificial lights pierce the darkness around coastal developments, potentially disturbing the behaviour of nesting birds.",
    "zh": "沿海开发区周围的强烈人造光穿透黑暗，可能干扰筑巢鸟类的行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pierce a hole｜刺出一个孔",
   "have your ears pierced｜打耳洞",
   "pierce the darkness｜穿透黑暗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "piercing (n.)",
   "piercing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "puncture",
   "penetrate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "打耳洞常说have/get your ears pierced。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pierce"
 },
 {
  "w": "footstep",
  "uk": "/ˈfʊtstep/",
  "us": "/ˈfʊtstep/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脚步；脚步声",
    "en": "a step taken when walking, or the sound it makes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I heard footsteps outside my bedroom and opened the door.",
    "zh": "我听见卧室外有脚步声，便打开了门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In shared housing, footsteps from upstairs can disturb residents and highlight the need for better sound insulation.",
    "zh": "在合住房屋中，楼上的脚步声可能打扰住户，凸显改善隔音的必要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hear footsteps｜听见脚步声",
   "heavy footsteps｜沉重的脚步声",
   "follow in someone's footsteps｜追随某人的足迹"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用复数；footprint指留下的脚印。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "footstep"
 },
 {
  "w": "clay",
  "uk": "/kleɪ/",
  "us": "/kleɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "黏土；陶土",
    "en": "Heavy earth that can be shaped when wet and baked hard."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children shaped wet clay into tiny bowls.",
    "zh": "孩子们把湿陶土捏成了小碗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional clay buildings can provide effective insulation, helping communities maintain comfortable indoor temperatures with less energy.",
    "zh": "传统黏土建筑能有效隔热，帮助社区以更少的能源维持舒适的室内温度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wet clay｜湿黏土",
   "clay soil｜黏土土壤",
   "a clay pot｜陶罐",
   "shape clay｜塑造陶土"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clayey (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；a piece of clay表示一块黏土。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clay"
 },
 {
  "w": "extend",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈstend/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈstend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "延长；扩大",
    "en": "To make something longer, larger, or wider in scope"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "伸出；伸展",
    "en": "To stretch out a hand, arm, or other body part"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给予；表示",
    "en": "To offer someone help, an invitation, or a welcome"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We extended our holiday because the weather was so lovely.",
    "zh": "天气实在太好了，我们便延长了假期。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should extend public transport networks to ensure that residents of outer suburbs can access employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "政府应扩大公共交通网络，确保远郊居民能够获得就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "extend a deadline｜延长截止期限",
   "extend a network｜扩展网络",
   "extend your hand｜伸出手",
   "extend a warm welcome｜表示热烈欢迎"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "extension (n.)",
   "extensive (adj.)",
   "extensively (adv.)",
   "extendable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lengthen",
   "expand"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "shorten",
   "reduce"
  ],
  "tip": "extend by接增加量；extend to接新的终点或期限。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "extend"
 },
 {
  "w": "friction",
  "uk": "/ˈfrɪkʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈfrɪkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "摩擦；摩擦力",
    "en": "Resistance when one surface moves or rubs against another."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不和；冲突",
    "en": "Disagreement or tension between people or groups."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Rubbing your hands together creates friction and warms them.",
    "zh": "双手搓动会产生摩擦，让手暖和起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Competition for limited housing can create friction between established residents and people moving into a city.",
    "zh": "对有限住房的争夺可能导致原有居民与新迁入城市的人之间产生摩擦。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reduce friction｜减小摩擦",
   "friction between surfaces｜表面之间的摩擦",
   "cause friction｜引起不和",
   "a source of friction｜冲突的根源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "frictional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "物理摩擦与人际不和两义均通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "friction"
 },
 {
  "w": "recession",
  "uk": "/rɪˈseʃən/",
  "us": "/rɪˈseʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经济衰退",
    "en": "A period when economic activity falls and many businesses struggle."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "退缩；消退",
    "en": "The gradual movement of something backwards from its previous position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "During the recession, my uncle struggled to find work.",
    "zh": "经济衰退期间，我叔叔很难找到工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments may increase public investment during a recession to protect jobs and stimulate consumer demand.",
    "zh": "政府可能在经济衰退期间增加公共投资，以保障就业并刺激消费需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "economic recession｜经济衰退",
   "deep recession｜严重衰退",
   "enter a recession｜进入衰退期",
   "gum recession｜牙龈萎缩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recede (v.)",
   "recessionary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "downturn",
   "slump"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "boom"
  ],
  "tip": "通常指整体经济衰退，不等于单纯价格下跌。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recession"
 },
 {
  "w": "pest",
  "uk": "/pest/",
  "us": "/pest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "害虫；有害动物",
    "en": "An insect or animal that damages crops, food, or property."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "讨厌的人；烦人精",
    "en": "Someone who annoys others, especially repeatedly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These tiny pests have eaten holes in my cabbage leaves.",
    "zh": "这些小害虫把我的卷心菜叶咬出了洞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers can control pests through biological methods that reduce reliance on chemicals and protect beneficial insects.",
    "zh": "农民可以采用生物方法防治害虫，减少对化学品的依赖并保护益虫。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pest control｜害虫防治",
   "crop pests｜作物害虫",
   "a garden pest｜花园害虫"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pesticide (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pest不限于昆虫，也可指老鼠等有害动物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pest"
 },
 {
  "w": "insure",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈʃʊə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈʃʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给……投保；投保",
    "en": "Arrange financial protection against loss, damage, illness, or injury."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We insured our bicycles before taking them abroad.",
    "zh": "我们带自行车出国前，先给它们买了保险。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses should insure their premises against fire to avoid potentially devastating financial losses.",
    "zh": "小企业应为经营场所投保火险，以避免可能造成毁灭性打击的经济损失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "insure against theft｜投保盗窃险",
   "insure a vehicle｜给车辆投保",
   "fully insured｜已足额投保"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "insurance (n.)",
   "insurer (n.)",
   "insured (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "insure主要指投保；表示确保通常用ensure。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "insure"
 },
 {
  "w": "wreck",
  "uk": "/rek/",
  "us": "/rek/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "失事船只；严重损毁的车辆",
    "en": "A ship or vehicle that has been badly damaged."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "毁坏；破坏",
    "en": "To badly damage something or ruin a plan."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Divers found a shipwreck beside the wreck of a submarine.",
    "zh": "潜水员在一艘潜艇残骸旁发现了一艘沉船。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poorly planned construction can wreck historic neighbourhoods and permanently reduce their cultural value for future generations.",
    "zh": "规划不当的建设会毁坏历史街区，并永久削弱其对后代的文化价值。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a shipwreck's wreck｜沉船残骸",
   "a car wreck｜汽车残骸",
   "wreck someone's plans｜打乱某人的计划"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wreckage (n.)",
   "wrecked (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wreck可指一艘失事船；wreckage泛指残骸。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wreck"
 },
 {
  "w": "determine",
  "uk": "/dɪˈtɜːmɪn/",
  "us": "/dɪˈtɝːmɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "查明；确定",
    "en": "To discover or establish something through examination."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "决定；影响结果",
    "en": "To control or strongly influence what happens."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "决定；下决心",
    "en": "To make a firm decision to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic determined why my bicycle brakes were sticking.",
    "zh": "修车师傅查明了我的自行车刹车卡住的原因。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must determine whether smaller classes improve learning outcomes before governments invest heavily in additional teaching staff.",
    "zh": "在政府投入大量资金增聘教师之前，研究人员必须确定小班教学是否能改善学习成果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "determine the cause｜查明原因",
   "determine whether｜确定是否",
   "determine the outcome｜决定结果",
   "be determined to｜决心做……"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "determination (n.)",
   "determined (adj.)",
   "determinant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "establish",
   "ascertain",
   "decide"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "determine whether 意为查明是否；后接从句。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "determine"
 },
 {
  "w": "outcome",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊtkʌm/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊtkʌm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结果；成果",
    "en": "The final result of an action, event, or process."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We were pleased with the outcome of the meeting.",
    "zh": "我们对会议的结果很满意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early access to medical care can improve health outcomes for children in disadvantaged communities.",
    "zh": "尽早获得医疗服务可以改善弱势社区儿童的健康状况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "positive outcome｜积极的结果",
   "learning outcomes｜学习成果",
   "health outcomes｜健康结果",
   "likely outcome｜可能的结果"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "result",
   "consequence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，常用the outcome of表示某事的结果。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outcome"
 },
 {
  "w": "herd",
  "uk": "/hɜːd/",
  "us": "/hɝːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "兽群；畜群",
    "en": "a group of large animals living or moving together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "驱赶；使聚集",
    "en": "to guide animals or people together in a particular direction"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A herd of cows blocked the narrow country road.",
    "zh": "一群奶牛堵住了狭窄的乡间道路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting migration routes allows herds of wild animals to reach essential sources of food and water.",
    "zh": "保护迁徙路线能让野生动物群到达重要的食物和水源所在地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a herd of cattle｜一群牛",
   "herd animals｜群居动物",
   "herd cattle｜驱赶牛群",
   "herd instinct｜从众本能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "herder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "牛、象等成群用herd；羊群、鸟群通常用flock。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "herd"
 },
 {
  "w": "gadget",
  "uk": "/ˈɡædʒɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɡædʒɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小器具；小装置",
    "en": "A small device designed to perform a particular useful task"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This handy gadget removes apple cores in seconds.",
    "zh": "这个方便的小器具几秒钟就能去掉苹果核。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although a new electronic gadget may offer convenience, frequent replacement contributes to growing amounts of electronic waste.",
    "zh": "虽然新的电子小装置可能带来便利，但频繁更换会导致电子垃圾不断增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "electronic gadget｜电子小装置",
   "kitchen gadget｜厨房小器具",
   "handy gadget｜实用的小器具"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "device"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指有特定用途的小装置，不一定是电子产品。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gadget"
 },
 {
  "w": "consciousness",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnʃəsnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnʃəsnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "清醒状态；知觉",
    "en": "The state of being awake and aware of your surroundings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意识；认识",
    "en": "Awareness or understanding of a particular issue or situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He regained consciousness shortly after the ambulance arrived.",
    "zh": "救护车到达后不久，他就恢复了知觉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental education can raise public consciousness of how everyday consumption affects natural resources and biodiversity.",
    "zh": "环境教育可以提高公众对日常消费如何影响自然资源和生物多样性的认识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lose consciousness｜失去知觉",
   "regain consciousness｜恢复知觉",
   "environmental consciousness｜环保意识"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conscious (adj.)",
   "unconscious (adj.)",
   "consciously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "awareness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unconsciousness"
  ],
  "tip": "consciousness指意识或知觉；conscience指良心。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consciousness"
 },
 {
  "w": "etiquette",
  "uk": "/ˈetɪket/",
  "us": "/ˈetɪkət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "礼仪；礼节",
    "en": "Accepted rules of polite behaviour in particular social situations."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt taught me basic table etiquette before dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭前，姑姑教了我基本的餐桌礼仪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning local etiquette can help international students avoid misunderstandings and build stronger relationships with their hosts.",
    "zh": "学习当地礼仪可以帮助留学生避免误会，并与接待他们的人建立更好的关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "table etiquette｜餐桌礼仪",
   "business etiquette｜商务礼仪",
   "social etiquette｜社交礼仪",
   "rules of etiquette｜礼仪规范"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "protocol",
   "manners"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；表示礼仪规范，不指单个动作。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "etiquette"
 },
 {
  "w": "roar",
  "uk": "/rɔː/",
  "us": "/rɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吼叫；轰鸣",
    "en": "to make a very loud, deep sound"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "吼声；轰鸣声",
    "en": "a very loud, deep sound"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lion roared, and its cubs huddled closer together.",
    "zh": "狮子吼了一声，幼狮们挤得更紧了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Aircraft engines roar above nearby homes, exposing residents to noise pollution that can affect sleep quality.",
    "zh": "飞机发动机在附近住宅上空轰鸣，使居民遭受可能影响睡眠质量的噪声污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "roar with laughter｜放声大笑",
   "a roar of applause｜雷鸣般的掌声",
   "the roar of an engine｜发动机的轰鸣声"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "bellow"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指狮子吼叫，也可指引擎轰鸣或人群欢呼。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "roar"
 },
 {
  "w": "fibre",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪbə/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪbɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纤维",
    "en": "a thin thread forming part of a material or tissue"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "膳食纤维",
    "en": "plant material in food that helps digestion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A loose fibre was sticking out of my scarf.",
    "zh": "我的围巾上有一根松脱的纤维伸了出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A diet rich in fibre can support digestive health and help people feel full for longer.",
    "zh": "富含膳食纤维的饮食有助于消化健康，并能延长饱腹感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "natural fibres｜天然纤维",
   "dietary fibre｜膳食纤维",
   "optical fibre｜光纤"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fibrous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式拼写为 fiber；膳食纤维义通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fibre"
 },
 {
  "w": "comparative",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpærətɪv/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpærətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "比较的；对比的",
    "en": "Examining similarities or differences between two or more things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相对的；比较而言的",
    "en": "True to some degree when compared with something else."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "比较级",
    "en": "An adjective or adverb form expressing a higher or lower degree."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We enjoyed the comparative quiet of the village.",
    "zh": "我们很享受村里相对宁静的环境。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A comparative study of transport systems can help cities identify effective ways to reduce congestion.",
    "zh": "对交通系统进行比较研究可以帮助城市找到缓解拥堵的有效方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "comparative study｜比较研究",
   "comparative advantage｜比较优势",
   "comparative analysis｜对比分析",
   "comparative form｜比较级形式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compare (v.)",
   "comparison (n.)",
   "comparatively (adv.)",
   "comparable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "relative"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "absolute"
  ],
  "tip": "comparative还可指语法比较级，如better。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "comparative"
 },
 {
  "w": "restore",
  "uk": "/rɪˈstɔː/",
  "us": "/rɪˈstɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "恢复；使复原",
    "en": "To bring back a previous condition, ability, or situation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "修复；整修",
    "en": "To repair something old or damaged to its earlier condition."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "归还；交还",
    "en": "To return something to its rightful owner or place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The engineers restored power before our food went bad.",
    "zh": "工程师们在我们的食物变质之前恢复了供电。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting native trees can help restore damaged ecosystems and provide essential habitats for local wildlife.",
    "zh": "种植本土树木有助于修复受损的生态系统，并为当地野生动物提供必要的栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "restore confidence｜恢复信心",
   "restore power｜恢复供电",
   "restore a historic building｜修复历史建筑",
   "restore something to its owner｜将某物归还原主"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "restoration (n.)",
   "restorer (n.)",
   "restorative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reinstate",
   "repair"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "restore A to B：使A恢复到B状态或归还给B。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "restore"
 },
 {
  "w": "latter",
  "uk": "/ˈlætə/",
  "us": "/ˈlætər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "pron.",
    "zh": "后者",
    "en": "the second of two people or things already mentioned"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "后半的；末尾的",
    "en": "closer to the end of a period or sequence"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We tried swimming and cycling, but preferred the latter.",
    "zh": "我们尝试了游泳和骑车，但更喜欢后者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although both prevention and treatment deserve funding, healthcare budgets often devote more resources to the latter.",
    "zh": "尽管预防和治疗都值得投入资金，医疗预算往往将更多资源用于后者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the former and the latter｜前者与后者",
   "the latter half｜后半部分",
   "the latter stages｜后期阶段"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "former"
  ],
  "tip": "the latter指两者中的后者，不等于later。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "latter"
 },
 {
  "w": "cargo",
  "uk": "/ˈkɑːɡəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːrɡoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "货物；船货",
    "en": "goods carried by a ship, aircraft, or other large vehicle"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The crane lifted the cargo onto the waiting ship.",
    "zh": "起重机把货物吊上了等候的船。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Moving cargo by rail rather than road can reduce emissions and ease congestion on major highways.",
    "zh": "用铁路而非公路运输货物，可以减少排放并缓解主要公路的拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cargo ship｜货船",
   "air cargo｜空运货物",
   "load cargo｜装载货物",
   "cargo hold｜货舱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "freight"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cargo通常指运输的货物，不指旅客的随身行李。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cargo"
 },
 {
  "w": "intense",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtens/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "强烈的；剧烈的",
    "en": "very strong or extreme in degree"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "投入的；情感强烈的",
    "en": "showing very strong feelings or serious concentration"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The intense heat made us search for shade.",
    "zh": "酷热让我们四处寻找阴凉处。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Intense competition for university places can place considerable psychological pressure on students during their final school year.",
    "zh": "大学入学名额的激烈竞争，可能给毕业年级学生带来相当大的心理压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "intense heat｜酷热",
   "intense pressure｜巨大压力",
   "intense competition｜激烈竞争",
   "intense concentration｜高度专注"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intensely (adv.)",
   "intensity (n.)",
   "intensify (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "extreme",
   "powerful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "mild"
  ],
  "tip": "intense 强调程度强烈；intensive 强调密集投入。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intense"
 },
 {
  "w": "innocent",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnəsənt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnəsənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无辜的；无罪的",
    "en": "Not responsible for a crime or wrongdoing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "天真的；单纯的",
    "en": "Lacking experience or knowledge of unpleasant aspects of life."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无恶意的；无害的",
    "en": "Not intended to hurt, offend, or cause trouble."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The broken vase was not his fault; he was innocent.",
    "zh": "花瓶打碎不是他的错，他是无辜的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A fair legal system must protect innocent people while ensuring that those responsible for crimes face justice.",
    "zh": "公平的法律制度必须保护无辜者，同时确保犯罪者受到法律制裁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "innocent of a crime｜未犯某罪",
   "innocent victims｜无辜的受害者",
   "an innocent mistake｜无心之失"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "innocence (n.)",
   "innocently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "blameless",
   "naive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "guilty"
  ],
  "tip": "表示未犯某罪用innocent of，不用innocent from。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "innocent"
 },
 {
  "w": "rot",
  "uk": "/rɒt/",
  "us": "/rɑːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "腐烂；使腐烂",
    "en": "to break down naturally, or cause something to do so"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "腐烂；腐朽",
    "en": "the process or condition of decaying"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The peaches will rot if you leave them outside.",
    "zh": "如果把桃子放在外面，它们会烂掉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poor ventilation allows moisture to accumulate in older buildings, increasing the risk of rot in wooden structures.",
    "zh": "通风不良会使老建筑内积聚湿气，增加木质结构腐朽的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wood rot｜木材腐朽",
   "rot away｜逐渐腐烂",
   "dry rot｜干腐病"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rotten (adj.)",
   "rotting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "decay",
   "decompose"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rot与decay都可指腐烂；rotting须双写t。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rot"
 },
 {
  "w": "debit",
  "uk": "/ˈdebɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈdebɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "账户扣款；借记",
    "en": "An amount recorded as money taken from a bank account."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "从账户扣款；借记",
    "en": "To record money as taken from a bank account."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bank debited my account twice for the same purchase.",
    "zh": "同一笔消费，银行从我的账户扣了两次款。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers should check bank statements regularly to identify any unexpected debits and report potential errors.",
    "zh": "消费者应定期查看银行对账单，发现任何意外扣款并报告可能的错误。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "debit card｜借记卡",
   "direct debit｜自动扣款",
   "debit an account｜从账户扣款"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "credit"
  ],
  "tip": "借记卡用账户余额；信用卡使用授信额度。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "debit"
 },
 {
  "w": "outskirt",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊtskɜːt/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊtskɝːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "市郊；城镇边缘",
    "en": "The outer parts of a town or city; usually plural"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt lives on the outskirts near a farm.",
    "zh": "我姑妈住在市郊，附近有个农场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building affordable housing on the outskirts can reduce costs but may increase residents' dependence on cars.",
    "zh": "在市郊建设经济适用房可以降低成本，但可能增加居民对汽车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on the outskirts of｜在……的市郊",
   "the outskirts of town｜城镇边缘"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常用复数 outskirts，搭配 on 而非 in。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "单数形式罕用；常规词条形式为 outskirts。",
  "id": "outskirt"
 },
 {
  "w": "patio",
  "uk": "/ˈpætiəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈpætioʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "露台；庭院铺地区",
    "en": "a paved outdoor area beside a house for sitting or eating"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We ate breakfast on the patio beside the roses.",
    "zh": "我们在玫瑰花旁的露台上吃了早餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A shaded patio can provide residents with a comfortable outdoor space during the warmer months.",
    "zh": "有遮阴的露台可以在较暖的月份为居民提供舒适的户外空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "patio furniture｜露台家具",
   "on the patio｜在露台上",
   "a shaded patio｜有遮阴的露台"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指房屋旁铺地的户外休憩区，不一定有围墙。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "patio"
 },
 {
  "w": "bookkeeper",
  "uk": "/ˈbʊkkiːpə/",
  "us": "/ˈbʊkkiːpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "簿记员；记账员",
    "en": "Someone whose job is recording a business's financial transactions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our bookkeeper checks the receipts every Friday afternoon.",
    "zh": "我们的记账员每周五下午核对收据。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses often employ a bookkeeper to maintain accurate financial records and track daily expenses.",
    "zh": "小企业经常雇用记账员，以保持财务记录准确并追踪日常开支。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "employ a bookkeeper｜雇用记账员",
   "part-time bookkeeper｜兼职记账员",
   "experienced bookkeeper｜经验丰富的记账员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bookkeeping (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要负责日常记账；accountant职责通常更广。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bookkeeper"
 },
 {
  "w": "unlimited",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈlɪmɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈlɪmɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无限的；不限量的",
    "en": "not restricted in amount, number, or extent"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our hotel offers unlimited coffee with breakfast each morning.",
    "zh": "我们住的酒店每天早餐都提供不限量的咖啡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Economic growth cannot rely on unlimited consumption of natural resources without causing serious environmental damage.",
    "zh": "经济增长若依赖无限消耗自然资源，就必然会造成严重的环境破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unlimited access｜无限制使用权",
   "unlimited potential｜无限潜力",
   "unlimited resources｜无限资源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "limit (n.)",
   "limit (v.)",
   "limited (adj.)",
   "limitation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "limitless",
   "boundless",
   "unrestricted"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "limited",
   "restricted"
  ],
  "tip": "表示没有限制；不等于 uncertain（不确定的）。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unlimited"
 },
 {
  "w": "assist",
  "uk": "/əˈsɪst/",
  "us": "/əˈsɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "帮助；协助",
    "en": "To help someone do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A friendly librarian assisted me with the printer.",
    "zh": "一位友善的图书管理员帮我使用了打印机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local volunteers can assist older residents with online services, making essential information more accessible.",
    "zh": "当地志愿者可以帮助老年居民使用在线服务，让他们更容易获取重要信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "assist someone with something｜帮助某人处理某事",
   "assist in doing something｜协助做某事",
   "assist someone to do something｜帮助某人做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assistance (n.)",
   "assistant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "help",
   "aid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hinder"
  ],
  "tip": "比help正式；常用assist someone with something。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assist"
 },
 {
  "w": "stem",
  "uk": "/stem/",
  "us": "/stem/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "茎；梗",
    "en": "the main plant part supporting leaves, flowers, or fruit"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "源于；由…造成",
    "en": "originate or result from something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "遏制；阻止",
    "en": "stop or reduce an unwanted flow or increase"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She cut the rose stem before filling the vase.",
    "zh": "她先修剪了玫瑰的花茎，再给花瓶加水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many urban transport problems stem from poor planning rather than a simple shortage of road space.",
    "zh": "许多城市交通问题源于规划不善，而不只是道路空间不足。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plant stem｜植物茎",
   "stem from｜源于",
   "stem the flow of｜遏制…的流动",
   "stem the tide of｜遏制…的势头"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "stalk",
   "originate",
   "curb"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“源于”用stem from；大写STEM指理工科。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stem"
 },
 {
  "w": "simplify",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪmpləfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "简化；使易懂",
    "en": "To make something less complicated or easier to understand."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you simplify these instructions before I start cooking?",
    "zh": "我开始做饭之前，你能把这些步骤说得简单些吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should simplify application procedures so that small businesses can access financial support more easily.",
    "zh": "政府应简化申请流程，让小企业更容易获得资金支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "simplify a process｜简化流程",
   "simplify procedures｜简化手续",
   "simplify an explanation｜使解释更易懂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "simple (adj.)",
   "simply (adv.)",
   "simplification (n.)",
   "simplicity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "streamline"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "complicate"
  ],
  "tip": "simplify强调减少复杂性；simple是形容词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "simplify"
 },
 {
  "w": "installation",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "安装；设置",
    "en": "the process of putting equipment or software in place for use"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大型设备；设施",
    "en": "equipment or buildings arranged for a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "装置艺术作品",
    "en": "an artwork made by arranging objects within a space"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Installation of our new dishwasher took less than an hour.",
    "zh": "我们的新洗碗机不到一小时就装好了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The installation of solar panels on public buildings can lower energy costs and reduce carbon emissions.",
    "zh": "在公共建筑上安装太阳能电池板可以降低能源成本并减少碳排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "installation costs｜安装费用",
   "software installation｜软件安装",
   "electrical installation｜电气设备安装",
   "art installation｜装置艺术作品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "install (v.)",
   "installer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示安装过程通常不可数；具体设施或作品可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "installation"
 },
 {
  "w": "bias",
  "uk": "/ˈbaɪəs/",
  "us": "/ˈbaɪəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "偏见；偏向",
    "en": "an unfair preference for or against a person or group"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "偏差",
    "en": "a systematic distortion that makes research results less accurate"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使产生偏见；使偏向",
    "en": "to unfairly influence someone's judgement or a study's results"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The referee showed clear bias towards the home team.",
    "zh": "裁判明显偏袒主队。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should select participants carefully to minimise bias and ensure that their findings represent the wider population.",
    "zh": "研究人员应谨慎选择参与者，以尽量减少偏差，确保研究结果能够代表更广泛的人群。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bias against｜对……的偏见",
   "gender bias｜性别偏见",
   "sampling bias｜抽样偏差",
   "unconscious bias｜无意识偏见"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "biased (adj.)",
   "unbiased (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "prejudice",
   "partiality"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "impartiality"
  ],
  "tip": "bias against 指对……有偏见；in favour of 指偏袒。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bias"
 },
 {
  "w": "reproduce",
  "uk": "/ˌriːprəˈdjuːs/",
  "us": "/ˌriːprəˈduːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "复制；再现",
    "en": "To make a copy or create the same result again."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "繁殖；生育",
    "en": "To produce young animals, plants, or other living organisms."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This printer reproduces every detail of my pencil drawings.",
    "zh": "这台打印机能复制出我铅笔画中的每一处细节。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must describe their methods clearly so that other teams can reproduce their results independently.",
    "zh": "研究人员必须清楚描述研究方法，以便其他团队独立复现其结果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reproduce results｜复现结果",
   "reproduce an image｜复制图像",
   "reproduce sexually｜进行有性生殖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reproduction (n.)",
   "reproductive (adj.)",
   "reproducible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "replicate",
   "copy"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复制某物时及物；表示繁殖时常不及物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reproduce"
 },
 {
  "w": "thigh",
  "uk": "/θaɪ/",
  "us": "/θaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大腿",
    "en": "The upper part of the leg, above the knee."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My thighs ached after cycling up the steep hill.",
    "zh": "骑车爬上陡坡后，我的大腿酸痛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular cycling strengthens the thigh muscles and can improve overall fitness without excessive joint strain.",
    "zh": "经常骑自行车能增强大腿肌肉、改善整体体能，又不会给关节带来过大负担。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thigh muscles｜大腿肌肉",
   "inner thigh｜大腿内侧",
   "thigh injury｜大腿受伤"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指髋部到膝盖之间；小腿通常用lower leg。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thigh"
 },
 {
  "w": "deadline",
  "uk": "/ˈdedlaɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈdedlaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "截止日期；最后期限",
    "en": "The latest time by which something must be completed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I stayed up late to meet the application deadline.",
    "zh": "我熬夜赶在截止日期前完成了申请。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Setting a realistic deadline allows researchers to maintain quality without delaying the publication of important findings.",
    "zh": "设定合理的截止日期能让研究人员保证质量，同时不耽误重要发现的发表。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "meet a deadline｜按期完成",
   "miss a deadline｜错过截止期限",
   "extend a deadline｜延长截止期限",
   "a tight deadline｜紧迫的截止期限"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "time limit"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "按期完成用meet a deadline，不用catch。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deadline"
 },
 {
  "w": "slave",
  "uk": "/sleɪv/",
  "us": "/sleɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奴隶",
    "en": "a person owned by another and forced to work"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "苦干；辛苦工作",
    "en": "to work extremely hard for a long time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum tells the story of a slave who escaped.",
    "zh": "这家博物馆讲述了一名奴隶逃离奴役的故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying the experiences of slaves helps students understand the human consequences of historical systems of exploitation.",
    "zh": "研究奴隶的经历有助于学生理解历史上剥削制度给人带来的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the slave trade｜奴隶贸易",
   "free slaves｜解放奴隶",
   "slave away｜拼命干活"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "slavery (n.)",
   "enslave (v.)",
   "enslavement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "历史语境可用enslaved person，强调其人的身份。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slave"
 },
 {
  "w": "depression",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpreʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˈpreʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抑郁症；抑郁",
    "en": "a condition involving persistent sadness and loss of interest"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经济萧条",
    "en": "a long period of severely reduced economic activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洼地；凹陷",
    "en": "an area lower than the surface around it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her doctor recommended regular counselling to help manage depression.",
    "zh": "她的医生建议定期接受心理咨询，以帮助缓解抑郁症。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving access to mental health services can help people with depression receive timely support and appropriate treatment.",
    "zh": "改善心理健康服务的可及性，可以帮助抑郁症患者及时获得支持和适当治疗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "suffer from depression｜患抑郁症",
   "severe depression｜重度抑郁症",
   "economic depression｜经济萧条",
   "treat depression｜治疗抑郁症"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "depress (v.)",
   "depressed (adj.)",
   "depressing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "抑郁症不等于短暂心情低落；经济萧条常用a depression。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "depression"
 },
 {
  "w": "stimulate",
  "uk": "/ˈstɪmjʊleɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈstɪmjəleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "促进；激发",
    "en": "to encourage something to develop or become more active"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刺激生理活动",
    "en": "to make a body part or biological process more active"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These colourful puzzles stimulate my daughter's curiosity every morning.",
    "zh": "这些色彩鲜艳的拼图每天早上都能激发我女儿的好奇心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Lower borrowing costs can stimulate economic growth by encouraging businesses to invest in new equipment.",
    "zh": "降低借贷成本可以鼓励企业投资新设备，从而促进经济增长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stimulate growth｜促进增长",
   "stimulate interest｜激发兴趣",
   "stimulate demand｜刺激需求",
   "stimulate the brain｜刺激大脑活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stimulation (n.)",
   "stimulating (adj.)",
   "stimulant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "encourage",
   "spur"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inhibit"
  ],
  "tip": "直接接宾语：stimulate interest表示激发兴趣。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stimulate"
 },
 {
  "w": "corporate",
  "uk": "/ˈkɔːpərət/",
  "us": "/ˈkɔːrpərət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "公司的；企业的",
    "en": "Relating to a company or businesses in general."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "集体的；全体的",
    "en": "Shared by a group acting together as one body."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister handles corporate travel for a small company.",
    "zh": "我姐姐为一家小公司安排商务差旅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Greater corporate transparency allows consumers to assess whether businesses genuinely meet their environmental and social commitments.",
    "zh": "提高企业透明度能让消费者判断企业是否真正履行了环境和社会承诺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "corporate culture｜企业文化",
   "corporate responsibility｜企业责任",
   "corporate profits｜企业利润",
   "corporate identity｜企业形象"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "corporation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "corporate指企业的；cooperative指合作的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "corporate"
 },
 {
  "w": "supplier",
  "uk": "/səˈplaɪə/",
  "us": "/səˈplaɪər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "供应商；供应者",
    "en": "a person or company that provides goods or services"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our bakery gets fresh flour from a local supplier.",
    "zh": "我们面包店从一家本地供应商那里购买新鲜面粉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Businesses should assess each supplier carefully to ensure that materials are produced under fair working conditions.",
    "zh": "企业应仔细评估每一家供应商，确保原材料在公平的劳动条件下生产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local supplier｜本地供应商",
   "reliable supplier｜可靠的供应商",
   "energy supplier｜能源供应商",
   "major supplier｜主要供应商"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "supply (v.)",
   "supply (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "provider"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "supplier of后接所供物品；supply为其动词形式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "supplier"
 },
 {
  "w": "finding",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪndɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪndɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "研究结果；调查发现",
    "en": "Information discovered through research or an investigation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "裁定；判决",
    "en": "An official decision made by a court after considering evidence."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor's findings explained why I felt so tired.",
    "zh": "医生的检查结果解释了我为什么这么疲倦。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The findings indicate that affordable public transport can significantly improve access to employment in disadvantaged areas.",
    "zh": "研究结果表明，价格实惠的公共交通能显著改善弱势地区居民的就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "research findings｜研究结果",
   "key findings｜主要发现",
   "publish the findings｜公布调查结果",
   "a finding of fact｜事实认定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "find (v.)",
   "finder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "result",
   "conclusion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示研究或调查结果时，常用复数findings。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "finding"
 },
 {
  "w": "respective",
  "uk": "/rɪˈspektɪv/",
  "us": "/rɪˈspektɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "各自的；分别的",
    "en": "Belonging separately to each person or thing already mentioned."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After dinner, the children returned to their respective rooms.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，孩子们各自回了自己的房间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools and families should understand their respective responsibilities in supporting children's emotional development and academic progress.",
    "zh": "学校和家庭应了解各自在支持儿童情感发展和学业进步方面的责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "respective roles｜各自的角色",
   "respective responsibilities｜各自的责任",
   "respective countries｜各自的国家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "respectively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常放在复数名词前；勿与respectful混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "respective"
 },
 {
  "w": "fund",
  "uk": "/fʌnd/",
  "us": "/fʌnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "基金；专用资金",
    "en": "money saved or collected for a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "资金；财力",
    "en": "money available to spend, usually expressed in the plural"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为……提供资金",
    "en": "to provide money for an activity, organisation, or project"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We started a small fund to repair the playground.",
    "zh": "我们设立了一笔小额专款，用来修缮游乐场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should fund research into renewable energy to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and improve energy security.",
    "zh": "政府应资助可再生能源研究，以减少对化石燃料的依赖并提高能源安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "raise funds｜筹集资金",
   "a pension fund｜养老基金",
   "public funds｜公共资金",
   "fund research｜资助研究"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "funding (n.)",
   "funded (adj.)",
   "fundraiser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "专用基金可说 a fund；泛指可用资金常用 funds。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fund"
 },
 {
  "w": "Latin",
  "uk": "/ˈlætɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈlætɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拉丁语",
    "en": "The language of ancient Rome."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "拉丁语的；古罗马的",
    "en": "Relating to Latin or ancient Rome."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "拉丁美洲的",
    "en": "Relating to Latin America, its people, or its culture."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister studies Latin at school twice a week.",
    "zh": "我妹妹在学校每周学两次拉丁语。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying Latin can help students understand the origins of scientific terms and the development of European languages.",
    "zh": "学习拉丁语可以帮助学生理解科学术语的起源及欧洲语言的发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study Latin｜学习拉丁语",
   "classical Latin｜古典拉丁语",
   "Latin alphabet｜拉丁字母表",
   "Latin music｜拉丁音乐"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母大写；Latin America指拉丁美洲。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "latin"
 },
 {
  "w": "modify",
  "uk": "/ˈmɒdɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːdəfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "修改；调整",
    "en": "To change something slightly to improve it or suit a purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "修饰（词语）",
    "en": "To describe or limit another word's meaning in grammar."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We modified the recipe to use less sugar.",
    "zh": "我们调整了食谱，减少糖的用量。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools may need to modify their teaching methods to support students with different learning needs.",
    "zh": "学校可能需要调整教学方法，以支持有不同学习需求的学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "modify a design｜修改设计",
   "modify behaviour｜调整行为",
   "modify a plan｜调整计划"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "modification (n.)",
   "modified (adj.)",
   "modifier (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adjust",
   "alter"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指局部调整，不一定是彻底改变。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "modify"
 },
 {
  "w": "speculation",
  "uk": "/ˌspekjəˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌspekjəˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推测；猜测",
    "en": "Ideas about something without enough evidence to be certain."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "投机买卖",
    "en": "Risky buying and selling intended to produce quick profits."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The empty shop has sparked speculation among our neighbours.",
    "zh": "那间空置店铺引发了邻居们的种种猜测。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Property speculation can drive housing prices beyond local incomes, making it harder for young adults to buy homes.",
    "zh": "房地产投机可能推动房价涨至当地收入难以负担的水平，使年轻人更难买房。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pure speculation｜纯属猜测",
   "fuel speculation｜加剧猜测",
   "speculation about｜关于……的猜测",
   "property speculation｜房地产投机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "speculate (v.)",
   "speculative (adj.)",
   "speculator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "conjecture",
   "guesswork"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "猜测内容常接about或that从句；也可指金融投机。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "speculation"
 },
 {
  "w": "asthma",
  "uk": "/ˈæsmə/",
  "us": "/ˈæzmə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "哮喘",
    "en": "A condition that can narrow airways and make breathing difficult"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother carries an inhaler to manage his asthma.",
    "zh": "我哥哥随身带着吸入器来控制哮喘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing urban air pollution can help prevent asthma attacks and improve the quality of life for residents.",
    "zh": "减少城市空气污染有助于预防哮喘发作，提高居民的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "asthma attack｜哮喘发作",
   "severe asthma｜重度哮喘",
   "manage asthma｜控制哮喘",
   "childhood asthma｜儿童哮喘"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "asthmatic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；th不发音，英美中间辅音不同。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "asthma"
 },
 {
  "w": "regarding",
  "uk": "/rɪˈɡɑːdɪŋ/",
  "us": "/rɪˈɡɑːrdɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "关于；有关",
    "en": "On the subject of someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I called the hotel regarding our missing suitcase.",
    "zh": "我给酒店打了电话，询问我们丢失的行李箱一事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should consult parents before making major decisions regarding changes to the curriculum or assessment methods.",
    "zh": "学校在就课程或评估方式的调整作出重大决定之前，应征求家长意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "information regarding｜关于……的信息",
   "questions regarding｜有关……的问题",
   "concerns regarding｜对……的担忧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "regard (v.)",
   "regard (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "concerning",
   "about"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "regarding直接接名词，不加to；比about正式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "regarding"
 },
 {
  "w": "automobile",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːtəməbiːl/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːtəməbiːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汽车",
    "en": "a road vehicle with an engine, usually carrying few passengers"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather keeps a vintage automobile in his garage.",
    "zh": "我祖父的车库里收藏着一辆老式汽车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growth in automobile ownership has increased pressure on road networks and contributed to urban air pollution.",
    "zh": "汽车保有量的增长加重了道路网络的压力，也加剧了城市空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "automobile industry｜汽车工业",
   "automobile manufacturer｜汽车制造商",
   "automobile ownership｜汽车拥有情况"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "automotive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "car"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要用于美式英语，较正式；日常表达通常用car。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "automobile"
 },
 {
  "w": "weave",
  "uk": "/wiːv/",
  "us": "/wiːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "编织",
    "en": "Make fabric or baskets by crossing threads or strips."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "穿梭；迂回行进",
    "en": "Move by repeatedly changing direction around obstacles."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "编排；将…编入",
    "en": "Combine different elements into a connected story or whole."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt taught me to weave a small basket.",
    "zh": "姑姑教我编了一个小篮子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective documentaries weave personal stories into broader discussions of social change and public policy.",
    "zh": "优秀的纪录片将个人故事融入对社会变迁和公共政策的更广泛讨论中。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "weave a basket｜编篮子",
   "weave through traffic｜在车流中穿梭",
   "weave into a story｜编入故事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "weaver (n.)",
   "weaving (n.)",
   "woven (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "编织义过去式 wove，过去分词 woven。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "weave"
 },
 {
  "w": "measurement",
  "uk": "/ˈmeʒəmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈmeʒərmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "测量",
    "en": "The process of finding the size, amount, or degree of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "测量值；尺寸",
    "en": "A size or quantity found by measuring something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took careful measurements before buying the new curtains.",
    "zh": "买新窗帘之前，我们仔细量了尺寸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accurate measurement of air pollution helps governments assess whether environmental policies are protecting public health.",
    "zh": "准确测量空气污染程度有助于政府评估环境政策是否在保护公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take measurements｜测量尺寸",
   "accurate measurement｜准确测量",
   "a unit of measurement｜计量单位"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "measure (v.)",
   "measurable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指测量过程常不可数；指具体尺寸时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "measurement"
 },
 {
  "w": "superb",
  "uk": "/suːˈpɜːb/",
  "us": "/suːˈpɝːb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；卓越的",
    "en": "Extremely good in quality or performance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We enjoyed a superb meal overlooking the quiet harbour.",
    "zh": "我们一边俯瞰宁静的港湾，一边享用了一顿极棒的饭菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The museum offers superb educational facilities, allowing visitors of all ages to explore scientific ideas through practical activities.",
    "zh": "这家博物馆提供一流的教育设施，让各年龄段的参观者通过实践活动探索科学概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "superb performance｜精彩绝伦的表演",
   "superb quality｜卓越的品质",
   "superb view｜绝佳的景色"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "superbly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "excellent",
   "outstanding",
   "splendid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "terrible",
   "awful"
  ],
  "tip": "本身已含程度很高之意，通常不说very superb。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "superb"
 },
 {
  "w": "supposing",
  "uk": "/səˈpəʊzɪŋ/",
  "us": "/səˈpoʊzɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "假如；假使",
    "en": "used to introduce an imagined situation or possibility"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Supposing the bus is late, can we walk instead?",
    "zh": "假如公交车晚点，我们能改为步行吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Supposing that university education became free, how would governments cover the additional costs without reducing other essential services?",
    "zh": "假如大学教育免费，政府如何在不削减其他基本服务的情况下承担额外费用？"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "supposing that｜假如",
   "supposing we could｜假如我们能够",
   "supposing you were｜假如你是"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suppose (v.)",
   "supposition (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "if",
   "assuming"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "相当于if，可接that从句，常用来提出假设。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "supposing"
 },
 {
  "w": "guarantee",
  "uk": "/ˌɡærənˈtiː/",
  "us": "/ˌɡærənˈtiː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "保证；确保",
    "en": "to promise something firmly or make an outcome certain"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保证；担保",
    "en": "a firm promise that something will happen or be done"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保修承诺",
    "en": "a promise to repair or replace a faulty product"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop guarantees to replace the kettle if it breaks.",
    "zh": "商店保证水壶坏了就给换新的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Higher education does not guarantee employment, but it can significantly improve a person's long-term career prospects.",
    "zh": "高等教育并不保证就业，但能显著改善一个人的长期职业前景。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "guarantee that｜保证……",
   "guarantee access｜确保获得使用机会",
   "under guarantee｜在保修期内",
   "money-back guarantee｜退款保证"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "guaranteed (adj.)",
   "guarantor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assure",
   "promise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可接to do或that从句；保修期内用under guarantee。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "guarantee"
 },
 {
  "w": "coincidence",
  "uk": "/kəʊˈɪnsɪdəns/",
  "us": "/koʊˈɪnsɪdəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "巧合",
    "en": "an unexpected connection between events that have no apparent cause"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "By coincidence, we both wore green jackets to lunch.",
    "zh": "真巧，我们俩午餐时都穿了绿色夹克。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must distinguish between coincidence and genuine causal relationships when interpreting changes in public health data.",
    "zh": "研究人员解读公共卫生数据的变化时，必须区分巧合与真正的因果关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "by coincidence｜碰巧",
   "pure coincidence｜纯属巧合",
   "a remarkable coincidence｜惊人的巧合",
   "a strange coincidence｜奇怪的巧合"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coincide (v.)",
   "coincidental (adj.)",
   "coincidentally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "chance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "碰巧用by coincidence；纯属巧合用pure coincidence。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coincidence"
 },
 {
  "w": "timber",
  "uk": "/ˈtɪmbə/",
  "us": "/ˈtɪmbər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "木材；建筑用木料",
    "en": "wood prepared for building or making things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "用材林；用材树木",
    "en": "trees grown for wood used in construction or manufacturing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The carpenter stacked the timber beside the workshop.",
    "zh": "木匠把木料堆在了工坊旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using responsibly sourced timber in construction can reduce environmental damage while supporting sustainable forest management.",
    "zh": "在建筑中使用来源负责任的木材，既能减少环境破坏，也能支持可持续森林管理。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "timber industry｜木材产业",
   "timber frame｜木构架",
   "sustainably sourced timber｜可持续来源的木材"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "wood",
   "lumber"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指木材时通常不可数；美式英语常用lumber指加工木料。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "timber"
 },
 {
  "w": "unfit",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈfɪt/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈfɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不适合的；不合格的",
    "en": "not suitable or good enough for a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "体能差的；不健康的",
    "en": "not physically healthy or strong, often through lack of exercise"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rusty bicycle was unfit for the long journey.",
    "zh": "那辆生锈的自行车不适合用来长途骑行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poor maintenance can make public housing unfit for occupation, putting additional pressure on local authorities.",
    "zh": "维护不善可能使公共住房不宜居住，给地方政府带来额外压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unfit for purpose｜不符合用途要求",
   "unfit for human consumption｜不宜供人食用",
   "physically unfit｜体能差",
   "unfit to drive｜不宜驾驶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fit (adj.)",
   "fitness (n.)",
   "unfitness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unsuitable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fit",
   "suitable"
  ],
  "tip": "常用unfit for sth或unfit to do sth。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unfit"
 },
 {
  "w": "flush",
  "uk": "/flʌʃ/",
  "us": "/flʌʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "冲洗；冲（马桶）",
    "en": "clean or clear something by sending water through it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "脸红；发红",
    "en": "become red in the face from emotion, heat, or illness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "齐平的",
    "en": "level with another surface, without sticking out"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please flush the toilet before you leave the bathroom.",
    "zh": "离开卫生间之前，请冲一下马桶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern buildings can reduce water consumption by using collected rainwater to flush toilets instead of drinking water.",
    "zh": "现代建筑可以使用收集的雨水而非饮用水冲厕所，从而减少用水量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flush the toilet｜冲马桶",
   "flush with embarrassment｜羞得脸红",
   "flush with the wall｜与墙面齐平",
   "a flush of colour｜一阵红晕"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flushed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "flush with可指与表面齐平，也可指钱充裕。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flush"
 },
 {
  "w": "vitamin",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪtəmɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈvaɪtəmɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "维生素",
    "en": "A substance needed in small amounts for healthy growth and functioning."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These fresh oranges are a good source of vitamin C.",
    "zh": "这些新鲜橙子富含维生素C。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A varied diet usually provides the vitamins people need without requiring them to take supplements.",
    "zh": "多样化饮食通常能够提供人体所需的维生素，无须服用补充剂。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vitamin deficiency｜维生素缺乏",
   "vitamin supplements｜维生素补充剂",
   "rich in vitamins｜富含维生素"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英音首音节读/vɪ/，美音读/vaɪ/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vitamin"
 },
 {
  "w": "altitude",
  "uk": "/ˈæltɪtjuːd/",
  "us": "/ˈæltɪtuːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海拔；高度",
    "en": "Height above sea level or above the ground."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We felt breathless because of the high altitude.",
    "zh": "由于海拔高，我们感到喘不过气来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "At higher altitudes, reduced oxygen levels can affect physical performance and require a period of adjustment.",
    "zh": "海拔较高时，氧气含量降低会影响身体表现，需要一段适应期。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at high altitude｜在高海拔地区",
   "gain altitude｜升高",
   "cruising altitude｜巡航高度"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "height",
   "elevation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "altitude指高度；attitude指态度，注意拼写区别。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "altitude"
 },
 {
  "w": "extract",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈstrækt/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈstrækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提取；取出；获取",
    "en": "to remove or obtain something from a larger source"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "摘录；节选",
    "en": "a short passage taken from a longer piece of writing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "提取物；浓缩物",
    "en": "a substance obtained by removing it from its original source"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dentist carefully extracted the damaged tooth this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，牙医小心地拔掉了那颗坏牙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers extract useful information from large datasets to identify patterns in household energy consumption.",
    "zh": "研究人员从大型数据集中提取有用信息，以识别家庭能源消耗的规律。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "extract information from｜从……获取信息",
   "extract a tooth｜拔牙",
   "an extract from a novel｜小说节选",
   "vanilla extract｜香草精"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "extraction (n.)",
   "extractor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词重音在后；名词读/ˈekstrækt/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "extract"
 },
 {
  "w": "feminine",
  "uk": "/ˈfemənɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈfemənɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有女性气质的",
    "en": "Having qualities or styles traditionally associated with women."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "阴性的（语法）",
    "en": "Belonging to a grammatical gender class often associated with females."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She chose a feminine blouse with delicate lace sleeves.",
    "zh": "她选了一件带有精致蕾丝袖子的柔美衬衫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advertising often reinforces narrow ideas about feminine appearance, which can influence how young people perceive themselves.",
    "zh": "广告往往强化对女性外表的狭隘观念，这可能影响年轻人对自我的看法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feminine style｜柔美的风格",
   "feminine appearance｜女性化的外表",
   "feminine noun｜阴性名词"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "femininity (n)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "masculine"
  ],
  "tip": "feminine强调气质或语法性；female强调性别。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "feminine"
 },
 {
  "w": "debt",
  "uk": "/det/",
  "us": "/det/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "债务；欠款",
    "en": "Money owed to a person, bank, or other organisation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人情债；恩情",
    "en": "A feeling of owing gratitude for help someone has given."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She took an extra shift to pay off her debt.",
    "zh": "她多上了一个班来还清欠款。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High levels of household debt can reduce consumer spending and make an economy more vulnerable to recession.",
    "zh": "家庭债务水平过高会抑制消费支出，使经济更容易受到衰退冲击。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pay off a debt｜还清债务",
   "be in debt｜负债",
   "national debt｜国债",
   "a debt of gratitude｜感激之情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "debtor (n.)",
   "indebted (adj.)",
   "indebtedness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "b不发音；in debt表示负债。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "debt"
 },
 {
  "w": "diplomat",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪpləmæt/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪpləmæt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "外交官",
    "en": "An official who represents their country in relations with other countries."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "善于交际的人",
    "en": "Someone skilled at handling people and difficult situations tactfully."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The diplomat welcomed visitors at the embassy this morning.",
    "zh": "这位外交官今天上午在大使馆接待了来访者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Experienced diplomats can help countries resolve disagreements through negotiation rather than allowing tensions to escalate.",
    "zh": "经验丰富的外交官能帮助各国通过谈判解决分歧，避免紧张局势升级。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a senior diplomat｜高级外交官",
   "a career diplomat｜职业外交官",
   "a foreign diplomat｜外国外交官"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "diplomacy (n.)",
   "diplomatic (adj.)",
   "diplomatically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "diplomatic既可指外交的，也可指说话圆通的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diplomat"
 },
 {
  "w": "lever",
  "uk": "/ˈliːvə/",
  "us": "/ˈlevər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "杠杆；操纵杆",
    "en": "A bar used to move something or control a machine"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用杠杆撬动",
    "en": "To move something using a bar as a lever"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "施加影响的手段",
    "en": "A means of influencing people or changing a situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Pull this lever to raise the seat a little.",
    "zh": "拉这个操纵杆，把座位稍微升高一点。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tax policy can serve as a powerful lever for encouraging businesses to invest in cleaner technologies.",
    "zh": "税收政策可以成为鼓励企业投资更清洁技术的有力手段。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pull a lever｜拉动操纵杆",
   "lever something open｜撬开某物",
   "a lever for change｜推动变革的手段"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "leverage (n.)",
   "leverage (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式首音节读/liː/，美式通常读/lev/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lever"
 },
 {
  "w": "crust",
  "uk": "/krʌst/",
  "us": "/krʌst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "面包皮；酥皮",
    "en": "The firm outer layer of bread or pastry."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地壳",
    "en": "The solid outer layer of the Earth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "坚硬表层；硬壳",
    "en": "A hard layer that forms on a surface."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This fresh bread has a wonderfully crisp crust.",
    "zh": "这条新鲜面包的外皮特别酥脆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Movements within the Earth's crust can cause earthquakes that severely damage buildings and transport networks.",
    "zh": "地壳内部的运动可能引发地震，严重破坏建筑物和交通网络。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bread crust｜面包皮",
   "the Earth's crust｜地壳",
   "a thin crust｜薄薄的硬皮"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crusty (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "地壳用the Earth's crust；面包皮也用crust。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crust"
 },
 {
  "w": "outline",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊtlaɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊtlaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "概要；大纲",
    "en": "a short description covering the main points"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "概述；列出要点",
    "en": "to describe the main points without giving full details"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轮廓；外形",
    "en": "the line showing the outer shape of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I wrote a quick outline before starting my essay.",
    "zh": "开始写作文之前，我先快速列了一个提纲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The report outlines several practical measures that schools can adopt to support students with learning difficulties.",
    "zh": "这份报告概述了学校可以采取的几项切实措施，以帮助有学习困难的学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "essay outline｜作文提纲",
   "outline a plan｜概述计划",
   "a brief outline｜简要概述",
   "the outline of｜……的轮廓"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "summary",
   "overview"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示概要时强调主要内容，不包含详细论述。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outline"
 },
 {
  "w": "caption",
  "uk": "/ˈkæpʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈkæpʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "图片说明；字幕",
    "en": "Words accompanying an image or showing speech on a screen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为图片配说明；加字幕",
    "en": "To add explanatory words to an image or video"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The caption explains where the mountain photo was taken.",
    "zh": "图片说明交代了这张山景照片的拍摄地点。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accurate captions make online educational videos more accessible to learners who are deaf or hard of hearing.",
    "zh": "准确的字幕让失聪或听力障碍学习者更容易理解在线教学视频。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a photo caption｜照片说明",
   "write a caption｜撰写图片说明",
   "closed captions｜可开关字幕"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "captioned (adj.)",
   "captioning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "caption配图片或视频；新闻报道标题通常用headline。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "caption"
 },
 {
  "w": "plunge",
  "uk": "/plʌndʒ/",
  "us": "/plʌndʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猛地跳入；猛地插入",
    "en": "To move or push something suddenly and forcefully into something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "骤降；暴跌",
    "en": "To decrease suddenly and sharply."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "跳入；骤降",
    "en": "A sudden dive, fall, or sharp decrease."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He plunged his muddy boots into a bucket of water.",
    "zh": "他把沾满泥的靴子猛地浸进一桶水里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourism revenue may plunge when extreme weather forces popular coastal resorts to close during peak season.",
    "zh": "当极端天气迫使热门海滨度假区在旺季关闭时，旅游收入可能骤降。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plunge into water｜猛地跳入水中",
   "plunge sharply｜急剧下降",
   "take the plunge｜下决心冒险尝试",
   "plunge into debt｜陷入债务"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "plunge into可指跳入，也可指突然陷入某种状态。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plunge"
 },
 {
  "w": "systematic",
  "uk": "/ˌsɪstəˈmætɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌsɪstəˈmætɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有系统的；有条理的",
    "en": "Following an organised plan or method rather than acting randomly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her systematic packing made everything easy to find later.",
    "zh": "她收拾行李很有条理，之后什么都很容易找到。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A systematic review of existing research can help governments develop more effective public health policies.",
    "zh": "对现有研究进行系统综述，有助于政府制定更有效的公共卫生政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a systematic approach｜系统的方法",
   "a systematic review｜系统综述",
   "systematic analysis｜系统分析"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "system (n.)",
   "systematically (adv.)",
   "systematise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "methodical",
   "organised"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "haphazard",
   "random"
  ],
  "tip": "systematic指有条理；systemic指系统整体的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "systematic"
 },
 {
  "w": "archery",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːtʃəri/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːrtʃəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "射箭；射箭运动",
    "en": "the sport or skill of shooting arrows with a bow"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We tried archery at a supervised outdoor activity centre.",
    "zh": "我们在一家户外活动中心的指导下尝试了射箭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Offering archery in schools could introduce students to a sport that develops concentration and physical coordination.",
    "zh": "学校开设射箭课程，可以让学生接触一项培养专注力和身体协调能力的运动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "practise archery｜练习射箭",
   "an archery club｜射箭俱乐部",
   "an archery range｜射箭场"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "archer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "archery 是不可数名词；射箭运动员叫 archer。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "archery"
 },
 {
  "w": "fortune",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːtʃuːn/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrtʃuːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大笔财富",
    "en": "A very large amount of money"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运气；命运",
    "en": "Luck or the events that shape someone's life"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That tiny flat near the station costs a fortune.",
    "zh": "车站附近那套小公寓贵得惊人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some entrepreneurs build a fortune by developing affordable products that meet previously overlooked needs.",
    "zh": "一些创业者通过开发满足以往被忽视需求的平价产品，积累了巨额财富。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a fortune｜赚大钱",
   "cost a fortune｜花费巨款",
   "good fortune｜好运",
   "tell someone's fortune｜给某人算命"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fortunate (adj.)",
   "fortunately (adv.)",
   "unfortunate (adj.)",
   "misfortune (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wealth",
   "luck"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示大笔财富时用a fortune；表示运气时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fortune"
 },
 {
  "w": "archaeology",
  "uk": "/ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒi/",
  "us": "/ˌɑːrkiˈɑːlədʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "考古学",
    "en": "The study of past societies through objects and remains."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Studying archaeology taught her to recognise ancient pottery fragments.",
    "zh": "学习考古学让她学会了辨认古代陶器碎片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Archaeology provides valuable evidence of how earlier societies adapted to environmental change and developed trading networks.",
    "zh": "考古学为了解早期社会如何适应环境变化、发展贸易网络提供了宝贵证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study archaeology｜学习考古学",
   "an archaeology degree｜考古学学位",
   "an archaeology museum｜考古博物馆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "archaeologist (n.)",
   "archaeological (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；研究恐龙化石属于古生物学。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "archaeology"
 },
 {
  "w": "explosion",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspləʊʒən/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsploʊʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爆炸",
    "en": "a sudden violent release of energy, usually with a bang"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "激增；突增",
    "en": "a sudden and very large increase"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "情感的突然爆发",
    "en": "a sudden strong expression of emotion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We heard a distant explosion and saw smoke rising.",
    "zh": "我们听到远处传来爆炸声，看见烟雾升起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The explosion in online shopping has increased demand for delivery services and created new challenges for urban transport.",
    "zh": "网上购物的激增提高了配送服务需求，也给城市交通带来了新挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a gas explosion｜燃气爆炸",
   "a population explosion｜人口激增",
   "an explosion of anger｜怒气爆发"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "explode (v.)",
   "explosive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "blast"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示数量激增时，常用an explosion in加名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "explosion"
 },
 {
  "w": "tension",
  "uk": "/ˈtenʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈtenʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "紧张局势；紧张关系",
    "en": "Strained relations between people or groups that may cause conflict"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "紧张；焦虑",
    "en": "A feeling of worry that makes relaxation difficult"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "张力；拉力",
    "en": "A force that stretches or pulls something tight"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Tension grew between the neighbours over the shared driveway.",
    "zh": "邻居们因共用车道问题，关系越来越紧张。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Competition for limited water supplies can increase tension between farming communities and nearby cities.",
    "zh": "争夺有限的水资源可能加剧农业社区与附近城市之间的紧张关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ease tension｜缓解紧张",
   "political tension｜政治紧张局势",
   "muscle tension｜肌肉紧绷",
   "surface tension｜表面张力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tense (adj.)",
   "tensely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "strain",
   "stress"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "关系紧张常用tension between；多方矛盾可用复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tension"
 },
 {
  "w": "manufacture",
  "uk": "/ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃə/",
  "us": "/ˌmænjəˈfæktʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "大量制造；生产",
    "en": "to produce goods, usually in large quantities using machinery"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "制造；生产",
    "en": "the process of producing goods, especially in factories"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The factory manufactures bicycles that fold into small bags.",
    "zh": "这家工厂生产可折叠后装入小包的自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies that manufacture electronic devices should take greater responsibility for recycling their products at the end of use.",
    "zh": "制造电子设备的企业应承担更多责任，回收使用寿命结束的产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "manufacture goods｜制造商品",
   "the manufacture of｜……的制造",
   "manufacturing industry｜制造业",
   "manufacturing costs｜制造成本"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "manufacturer (n.)",
   "manufacturing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "produce",
   "make"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "多指工厂批量生产；名词制造商是manufacturer。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "manufacture"
 },
 {
  "w": "tremendous",
  "uk": "/trɪˈmendəs/",
  "us": "/trɪˈmendəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巨大的；极大的",
    "en": "Very great in amount, strength, or degree."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；精彩的",
    "en": "Extremely good or enjoyable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Moving that heavy sofa upstairs took a tremendous effort.",
    "zh": "把那张沉重的沙发搬上楼费了极大的力气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid urban growth places tremendous pressure on housing, transport networks and essential public services.",
    "zh": "城市的快速发展给住房、交通网络和基本公共服务带来了巨大压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tremendous pressure｜巨大压力",
   "a tremendous effort｜极大的努力",
   "tremendous growth｜大幅增长",
   "a tremendous achievement｜了不起的成就"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tremendously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enormous",
   "immense"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tiny"
  ],
  "tip": "常强调程度或数量极大，不只指体积大。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tremendous"
 },
 {
  "w": "trap",
  "uk": "/træp/",
  "us": "/træp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "捕捉器；陷阱",
    "en": "A device or concealed danger designed to catch someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "困住；使无法逃脱",
    "en": "To catch or keep someone somewhere they cannot escape"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "圈套；困境",
    "en": "A situation that deceives people or is difficult to escape"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a mouse inside the humane trap this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，我们在活捕鼠笼里发现了一只老鼠。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High housing costs can trap families in poverty by leaving little money for education or training.",
    "zh": "高昂的住房成本使家庭几乎无钱支付教育或培训费用，从而令其陷入贫困。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "set a trap｜设下陷阱",
   "fall into a trap｜落入圈套",
   "be trapped in｜被困在",
   "poverty trap｜贫困陷阱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trapped (adj.)",
   "trapper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词过去式trapped、现在分词trapping都双写p。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trap"
 },
 {
  "w": "impose",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpəʊz/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpoʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "强制实行；征收",
    "en": "Officially introduce a rule, tax, punishment, or restriction"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把…强加于",
    "en": "Force someone to accept something they do not want"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给人添麻烦；占用",
    "en": "Expect help or attention that causes someone inconvenience"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The library imposed a small fine for my overdue books.",
    "zh": "图书馆因我逾期还书收取了一小笔罚款。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments may impose higher taxes on sugary drinks to encourage healthier choices and reduce public healthcare costs.",
    "zh": "政府可能对含糖饮料征收更高的税，以鼓励更健康的选择并降低公共医疗开支。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "impose restrictions on｜对…施加限制",
   "impose a tax on｜对…征税",
   "impose one's views on｜把自己的观点强加于",
   "impose on someone's time｜占用某人的时间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "imposition (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用 impose A on B，表示把A强加于B。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "impose"
 },
 {
  "w": "destiny",
  "uk": "/ˈdestɪni/",
  "us": "/ˈdestəni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "命运；天命",
    "en": "A future believed to be fixed by forces beyond personal control."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She believed it was her destiny to become a musician.",
    "zh": "她相信自己命中注定会成为音乐家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although family circumstances influence opportunities, education can help individuals shape their own destiny rather than accept existing limitations.",
    "zh": "尽管家庭条件会影响机会，教育仍能帮助个人塑造自己的命运，而非接受现有的限制。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shape your own destiny｜塑造自己的命运",
   "fulfil your destiny｜实现命中注定的使命",
   "a sense of destiny｜使命感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "destined (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指注定的未来；shape your destiny强调主动掌握命运。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "destiny"
 },
 {
  "w": "stability",
  "uk": "/stəˈbɪləti/",
  "us": "/stəˈbɪləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "稳定；稳固性",
    "en": "The ability to remain steady and resist unwanted change"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These wider legs give the table much better stability.",
    "zh": "这些更宽的桌腿让桌子稳固了许多。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Economic stability encourages businesses to invest in new projects and gives households greater confidence about their financial future.",
    "zh": "经济稳定能鼓励企业投资新项目，也让家庭对未来的财务状况更有信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "economic stability｜经济稳定",
   "political stability｜政治稳定",
   "financial stability｜财务稳定",
   "maintain stability｜维持稳定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stable (adj.)",
   "stabilise (v.)",
   "stabilisation (n.)",
   "instability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "steadiness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "instability"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；形容词为stable，反义词为instability。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stability"
 },
 {
  "w": "grip",
  "uk": "/ɡrɪp/",
  "us": "/ɡrɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "紧握；抓牢",
    "en": "to hold something firmly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "紧握；抓握力",
    "en": "a firm hold on something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "控制；支配",
    "en": "power or control over someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She gripped the railing as the boat rocked gently.",
    "zh": "船轻轻摇晃时，她紧紧抓住栏杆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Large companies maintain a strong grip on the market, making it difficult for smaller businesses to compete.",
    "zh": "大公司牢牢控制着市场，使小企业难以参与竞争。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grip tightly｜紧紧抓住",
   "a firm grip｜牢固的抓握",
   "lose your grip｜松手；失去控制",
   "a grip on power｜对权力的掌控"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gripping (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grasp",
   "clutch"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "release"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式gripped、现在分词gripping均双写p。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grip"
 },
 {
  "w": "vacancy",
  "uk": "/ˈveɪkənsi/",
  "us": "/ˈveɪkənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "职位空缺",
    "en": "A job or position available for someone to fill."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "空房；可用客房",
    "en": "A room available for someone to stay in."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The local library has a vacancy for an assistant.",
    "zh": "当地的图书馆有一个助理职位空缺。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Despite rising unemployment, many employers report difficulty filling vacancies that require advanced technical skills.",
    "zh": "尽管失业率上升，许多雇主仍表示难以填补需要高级技术技能的职位空缺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "job vacancy｜职位空缺",
   "fill a vacancy｜填补空缺",
   "a vacancy for｜……的职位空缺",
   "no vacancies｜客房已满"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vacant (adj.)",
   "vacate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "opening"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "职位、客房空缺均可数；复数为vacancies。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vacancy"
 },
 {
  "w": "mode",
  "uk": "/məʊd/",
  "us": "/moʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方式；方法",
    "en": "A particular way of doing something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运行模式",
    "en": "A setting that controls how a device or system operates."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I switched my phone to silent mode before dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭前，我把手机调成了静音模式。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cycling is an environmentally friendly mode of transport that can also improve public health in urban areas.",
    "zh": "骑行是一种环保的交通方式，也能改善城市居民的健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mode of transport｜交通方式",
   "mode of communication｜交流方式",
   "silent mode｜静音模式",
   "sleep mode｜睡眠模式"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "method",
   "way"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "方式常用mode of；设备处于某模式用in ... mode。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mode"
 },
 {
  "w": "summarize",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌməraɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌməraɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "概括；总结",
    "en": "to state the main points briefly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you summarize the story before we discuss it?",
    "zh": "我们讨论之前，你能概括一下这个故事吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should learn to summarize research findings accurately rather than reproduce every detail from their sources.",
    "zh": "学生应学会准确概括研究结果，而不是复述资料中的每个细节。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "summarize the findings｜概括研究结果",
   "summarize the main points｜总结要点",
   "summarize an argument｜概述论点"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "summary (n.)",
   "summarization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sum up",
   "outline",
   "recap"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也常拼作summarise；总结时保留要点。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "summarize"
 },
 {
  "w": "neutral",
  "uk": "/ˈnjuːtrəl/",
  "us": "/ˈnuːtrəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "中立的；不偏不倚的",
    "en": "not supporting either side in a disagreement or conflict"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "中性色的；素净的",
    "en": "having a colour that is not bright or strong"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "空挡",
    "en": "a gear position in which the engine does not drive wheels"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I stayed neutral while my friends argued about the rules.",
    "zh": "朋友们为规则争论时，我保持了中立。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Journalists should remain neutral when reporting political debates so that audiences can form their own opinions.",
    "zh": "记者报道政治辩论时应保持中立，让受众能够形成自己的看法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remain neutral｜保持中立",
   "a neutral observer｜中立观察者",
   "neutral colours｜中性色",
   "in neutral｜处于空挡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "neutrality (n.)",
   "neutralise (v.)",
   "neutrally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "impartial",
   "unbiased"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "biased",
   "partisan"
  ],
  "tip": "保持中立用remain neutral；车辆挂空挡用in neutral。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "neutral"
 },
 {
  "w": "primarily",
  "uk": "/praɪˈmerəli/",
  "us": "/praɪˈmerəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "主要地；首要地",
    "en": "Mainly, or more than anything else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I use my tablet primarily for reading books.",
    "zh": "我的平板电脑主要用来看书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport policies should focus primarily on improving reliability rather than simply reducing ticket prices.",
    "zh": "公共交通政策应主要着眼于提高可靠性，而非仅仅降低票价。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "primarily responsible for｜对……负主要责任",
   "primarily concerned with｜主要关注……",
   "primarily due to｜主要由于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "primary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mainly",
   "chiefly",
   "principally"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常表示“主要”，不是表示先后顺序的“首先”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "primarily"
 },
 {
  "w": "anthem",
  "uk": "/ˈænθəm/",
  "us": "/ˈænθəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "国歌；颂歌",
    "en": "A song expressing loyalty to a country or group"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宗教合唱曲；赞美诗",
    "en": "A religious song sung by a choir"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The crowd stood proudly as the national anthem began.",
    "zh": "国歌响起时，人群自豪地站了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Singing a national anthem at international sporting events can strengthen a shared sense of identity.",
    "zh": "在国际体育赛事上唱国歌可以增强共同的身份认同感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "national anthem｜国歌",
   "sing an anthem｜唱颂歌",
   "the national anthem plays｜国歌奏响"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "national anthem指国歌；宗教语境中可指合唱赞美诗。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anthem"
 },
 {
  "w": "crow",
  "uk": "/krəʊ/",
  "us": "/kroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乌鸦",
    "en": "A large black bird with a loud, rough call."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "鸡啼；打鸣",
    "en": "Make the loud call typical of a male chicken."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "得意地夸耀",
    "en": "Talk proudly and annoyingly about your own success."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A crow landed on the fence beside our garden.",
    "zh": "一只乌鸦落在我们花园旁的围栏上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studies of crow behaviour suggest that some birds can solve complex problems and use simple tools.",
    "zh": "对乌鸦行为的研究表明，有些鸟类能够解决复杂问题并使用简单工具。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a flock of crows｜一群乌鸦",
   "a rooster crows｜公鸡打鸣",
   "crow about a victory｜得意地夸耀胜利"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词指乌鸦，动词却可指公鸡打鸣。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crow"
 },
 {
  "w": "appendix",
  "uk": "/əˈpendɪks/",
  "us": "/əˈpendɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "附录",
    "en": "An extra section containing supporting information at a book's end"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阑尾",
    "en": "A small tube attached to the beginning of the large intestine"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You'll find the full recipe in the appendix.",
    "zh": "你可以在附录里找到完整的食谱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The report includes an appendix explaining how researchers collected and analysed the survey data.",
    "zh": "报告附有一份附录，说明研究人员如何收集和分析调查数据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the appendix｜在附录中",
   "an appendix to a report｜报告的附录",
   "a ruptured appendix｜破裂的阑尾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "append (v.)",
   "appendicitis (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "附录复数可用appendices；阑尾常用appendixes。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "appendix"
 },
 {
  "w": "counselor",
  "uk": "/ˈkaʊnsələ/",
  "us": "/ˈkaʊnsələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "咨询师；辅导员",
    "en": "Someone trained to help people with personal or emotional problems."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "顾问",
    "en": "Someone who gives advice on a particular subject."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "律师；法律顾问",
    "en": "A lawyer, especially in American English."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The school counselor helped me manage my exam worries.",
    "zh": "学校辅导员帮助我缓解了对考试的焦虑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employing a trained counselor can help schools support students facing emotional difficulties or challenging family circumstances.",
    "zh": "聘用受过培训的咨询师能帮助学校支持面临情绪困扰或家庭困境的学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "school counselor｜学校辅导员",
   "mental health counselor｜心理健康咨询师",
   "career counselor｜职业顾问"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "counsel (v.)",
   "counseling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adviser"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式拼写；英式通常写作 counsellor。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "counselor"
 },
 {
  "w": "being",
  "uk": "/ˈbiːɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈbiːɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生物；生命个体",
    "en": "a living creature, especially a person"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "存在；本质",
    "en": "existence or the essential nature of a person or thing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Every living being in this pond needs clean water.",
    "zh": "这个池塘里的每一个生物都需要干净的水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Respect for every human being should guide the development of public services and social welfare policies.",
    "zh": "对每个人的尊重都应成为公共服务和社会福利政策制定的指导原则。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "human being｜人",
   "living being｜生物",
   "come into being｜形成；产生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "be (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "creature",
   "existence"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "non-existence"
  ],
  "tip": "指生物时可数；表示“存在”时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "being"
 },
 {
  "w": "westward",
  "uk": "/ˈwestwəd/",
  "us": "/ˈwestwərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向西；朝西",
    "en": "towards the west"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "向西的；朝西的",
    "en": "moving or pointing towards the west"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We drove westward as the sun began to set.",
    "zh": "太阳开始落山时，我们驾车向西行驶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The westward expansion of the city has increased pressure on farmland and created demand for new infrastructure.",
    "zh": "城市向西扩张加大了农田面临的压力，也带来了对新基础设施的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "travel westward｜向西行进",
   "westward expansion｜向西扩张",
   "westward migration｜向西迁移"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "west (n.)",
   "western (adj.)",
   "westwards (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "westwards"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "eastward"
  ],
  "tip": "westward可作形容词或副词；westwards只作副词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "westward"
 },
 {
  "w": "preserve",
  "uk": "/prɪˈzɜːv/",
  "us": "/prɪˈzɝːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "保护；保存；维持",
    "en": "Keep something safe, unchanged, or in good condition"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "保藏食物",
    "en": "Treat food so it stays safe to eat longer"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保护区",
    "en": "An area where wildlife and natural habitats are protected"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We preserve old family photographs in a special album.",
    "zh": "我们把家里的老照片保存在一本专用相册里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should preserve historic buildings while adapting them to meet the needs of modern communities.",
    "zh": "地方政府应保护历史建筑，同时改造它们以满足现代社区的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "preserve cultural heritage｜保护文化遗产",
   "preserve biodiversity｜保护生物多样性",
   "preserve food｜保藏食物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "preservation (n.)",
   "preservative (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "protect",
   "conserve"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "destroy"
  ],
  "tip": "preserve强调保持原状；保藏食物也用它。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "preserve"
 },
 {
  "w": "assess",
  "uk": "/əˈses/",
  "us": "/əˈses/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "评估；评定",
    "en": "Judge the quality, importance, or condition of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "估价；核定金额",
    "en": "Calculate the value of something or the amount owed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic assessed the damage before repairing my bicycle.",
    "zh": "修理工先评估了损坏情况，然后才修我的自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should assess students through varied tasks rather than relying entirely on final examinations.",
    "zh": "学校应通过多样化的任务评定学生，而不是完全依赖期末考试。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "assess the impact｜评估影响",
   "assess the risk｜评估风险",
   "assess performance｜评定表现",
   "assess the damage｜评估损失"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assessment (n.)",
   "assessor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "evaluate",
   "appraise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "assess后直接接宾语；名词形式是assessment。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assess"
 },
 {
  "w": "cork",
  "uk": "/kɔːk/",
  "us": "/kɔːrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "软木",
    "en": "a light material from tree bark, used for sealing bottles"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "软木塞",
    "en": "a piece of cork used to close a bottle"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用软木塞封住",
    "en": "to close a bottle with a cork"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cork popped out and rolled under the table.",
    "zh": "软木塞砰地弹出，滚到了桌子底下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cork is a renewable material that can be harvested without cutting down the entire tree.",
    "zh": "软木是一种可再生材料，采收时无需砍倒整棵树。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cork stopper｜软木塞",
   "cork flooring｜软木地板",
   "remove the cork｜拔出软木塞"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "uncork (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示软木材料时不可数；表示软木塞时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cork"
 },
 {
  "w": "composition",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组成；成分",
    "en": "The parts or substances that something consists of"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "作文；乐曲",
    "en": "A piece of writing or music"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "创作；作曲",
    "en": "The activity of creating music or written work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We tested the composition of soil in our garden.",
    "zh": "我们检测了自家花园土壤的成分。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Changes in the composition of household waste can reveal how consumer habits develop over time.",
    "zh": "生活垃圾构成的变化可以反映消费习惯如何随时间演变。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chemical composition｜化学成分",
   "soil composition｜土壤成分",
   "musical composition｜音乐作品",
   "write a composition｜写作文"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compose (v.)",
   "composer (n.)",
   "compositional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指构成或创作过程通常不可数；指作品可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "composition"
 },
 {
  "w": "extensive",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈstensɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈstensɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "广泛的；大量的",
    "en": "covering many subjects or involving a large amount"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "辽阔的；大面积的",
    "en": "covering a large physical area"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The storm caused extensive damage to our roof.",
    "zh": "暴风雨使我们家的屋顶大面积受损。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Extensive research is needed before governments introduce major changes to the national education system.",
    "zh": "政府对国家教育制度进行重大改革之前，需要开展广泛研究。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "extensive research｜广泛研究",
   "extensive damage｜大面积损坏",
   "extensive experience｜丰富经验",
   "extensive network｜庞大的网络"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "extensively (adv.)",
   "extent (n.)",
   "extend (v.)",
   "extension (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wide-ranging",
   "broad"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "limited",
   "restricted"
  ],
  "tip": "强调范围广或数量多；intensive强调集中、强度高。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "extensive"
 },
 {
  "w": "tempt",
  "uk": "/tempt/",
  "us": "/tempt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "诱惑；引诱；吸引",
    "en": "To make someone want something or want to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The fresh pastries tempted me to enter the bakery.",
    "zh": "新鲜的酥点诱使我走进了面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Heavy discounts may tempt consumers to purchase products they neither need nor originally intended to buy.",
    "zh": "大幅折扣可能诱使消费者购买既不需要、也原本无意购买的产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tempt someone into doing something｜诱使某人做某事",
   "be tempted to do something｜很想做某事",
   "tempt fate｜冒不必要的风险"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "temptation (n.)",
   "tempting (adj.)",
   "temptingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "entice",
   "lure"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "deter"
  ],
  "tip": "常用tempt sb to do或tempt sb into doing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tempt"
 },
 {
  "w": "cable",
  "uk": "/ˈkeɪbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkeɪbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电缆；线缆",
    "en": "covered wires carrying electricity or electronic signals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钢缆；缆绳",
    "en": "a thick strong rope, usually made of metal wires"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The charging cable was tangled beneath my desk.",
    "zh": "充电线在我的书桌下面缠成了一团。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Undersea cable networks carry vast amounts of data, making them essential infrastructure for international communication and trade.",
    "zh": "海底电缆网络传输大量数据，是国际通信和贸易不可或缺的基础设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "power cable｜电源线",
   "fibre-optic cable｜光缆",
   "undersea cable｜海底电缆",
   "steel cable｜钢缆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cabling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可传电或信号，也可指承重用的钢缆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cable"
 },
 {
  "w": "time-consuming",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪm kənˌsjuːmɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪm kənˌsuːmɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "耗时的",
    "en": "taking a lot of time to do or complete"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sorting all these old photos is surprisingly time-consuming.",
    "zh": "整理这些旧照片竟然这么费时间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Applying for multiple permits can be time-consuming, discouraging small businesses from expanding their operations.",
    "zh": "申请多项许可可能很耗时，使小企业不愿扩大经营规模。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "time-consuming task｜耗时的任务",
   "time-consuming process｜耗时的过程",
   "costly and time-consuming｜费钱又费时"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consume (v.)",
   "consumption (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lengthy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "time-saving"
  ],
  "tip": "强调花费大量时间，不一定表示浪费时间。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "time-consuming"
 },
 {
  "w": "heroine",
  "uk": "/ˈherəʊɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈheroʊɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女主角",
    "en": "the main female character in a story"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女英雄；杰出女性",
    "en": "a woman admired for courage or remarkable achievements"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The heroine of this novel sails across the ocean.",
    "zh": "这部小说的女主角驾船横渡大洋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A confident heroine in children's literature can challenge stereotypes and broaden young readers' expectations.",
    "zh": "儿童文学中自信的女主角能够挑战刻板印象，拓宽小读者对未来的期待。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the heroine of a novel｜小说的女主角",
   "a national heroine｜民族女英雄",
   "a tragic heroine｜悲剧女主角"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hero (n.)",
   "heroic (adj.)",
   "heroism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与heroin（海洛因）同音，注意末尾的e。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "heroine"
 },
 {
  "w": "predator",
  "uk": "/ˈpredətə/",
  "us": "/ˈpredətər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "捕食者；食肉动物",
    "en": "An animal that hunts and eats other animals."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "掠夺者；剥削者",
    "en": "A person or organisation that exploits others for personal gain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rabbit froze when it noticed a predator nearby.",
    "zh": "兔子发现附近有捕食者时，一动也不敢动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting natural predators can help farmers control pests without relying heavily on chemical pesticides.",
    "zh": "保护天敌可以帮助农民防治害虫，减少对化学农药的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "natural predator｜天敌",
   "apex predator｜顶级捕食者",
   "predator population｜捕食者种群"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "predation (n.)",
   "predatory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "predator是捕食者，prey是被捕食的猎物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "predator"
 },
 {
  "w": "necessity",
  "uk": "/nəˈsesəti/",
  "us": "/nəˈsesəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "必要性；需要",
    "en": "the need for something or for something to happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "必需品",
    "en": "something essential for everyday life"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Living far from town makes a car a necessity.",
    "zh": "住得离城镇很远，汽车就成了必需品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The rising cost of housing highlights the necessity of providing affordable homes for low-income families.",
    "zh": "住房成本上涨凸显了为低收入家庭提供可负担住房的必要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "basic necessities｜基本生活必需品",
   "a necessity for｜对……而言的必需品",
   "out of necessity｜出于需要"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "necessary (adj.)",
   "necessarily (adv.)",
   "unnecessary (adj.)",
   "necessitate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "need",
   "essential"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "luxury"
  ],
  "tip": "表必要性常不可数；表必需品可数，常用复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "necessity"
 },
 {
  "w": "endless",
  "uk": "/ˈendləs/",
  "us": "/ˈendləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无尽的；没完没了的",
    "en": "Having no end, or seeming to continue forever."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The queue outside the swimming pool seemed endless today.",
    "zh": "今天游泳池外的队伍似乎怎么也排不到头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although online platforms offer endless entertainment, excessive screen time may reduce opportunities for meaningful social interaction.",
    "zh": "虽然网络平台提供无穷无尽的娱乐，但过多的屏幕时间可能减少有意义的社交机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "endless possibilities｜无限可能",
   "an endless stream of｜源源不断的……",
   "endless debate｜无休止的争论"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "end (n.)",
   "ending (n.)",
   "endlessly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unending",
   "interminable",
   "ceaseless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "finite",
   "limited"
  ],
  "tip": "常为夸张，表示似乎没完没了，不一定真无终点。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "endless"
 },
 {
  "w": "investment",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvestmənt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvestmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "投资；投资款",
    "en": "Money put into something with the aim of future profit."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "时间或精力的投入",
    "en": "Time or effort spent on something expected to bring benefits."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Buying better tools was a good investment for our bakery.",
    "zh": "购买更好的工具对我们面包店来说是一笔不错的投资。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Greater public investment in renewable energy could create jobs while reducing dependence on fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "加大对可再生能源的公共投资可以创造就业机会，同时减少对化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "investment in infrastructure｜基础设施投资",
   "foreign investment｜外国投资",
   "return on investment｜投资回报",
   "an investment of time｜时间投入"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "invest (v.)",
   "investor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常搭配in；表示投资行为时常作不可数名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "investment"
 },
 {
  "w": "prime",
  "uk": "/praɪm/",
  "us": "/praɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "首要的；主要的",
    "en": "most important or central"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最优质的；绝佳的",
    "en": "of the best quality or in the best position"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鼎盛时期；壮年",
    "en": "the period of greatest strength, success, or ability"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our prime concern is getting everyone home safely tonight.",
    "zh": "我们最关心的是今晚让所有人安全到家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable public transport is a prime requirement for cities seeking to reduce dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "对于希望减少私家车依赖的城市而言，可靠的公共交通是一项首要需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prime concern｜首要关切",
   "prime example｜典型例子",
   "prime location｜绝佳地段",
   "in your prime｜处于鼎盛时期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "primacy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "main",
   "chief"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "secondary"
  ],
  "tip": "a prime example指典型例子，不是第一个例子。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prime"
 },
 {
  "w": "unwilling",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈwɪlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈwɪlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不愿意的；不情愿的",
    "en": "not wanting or agreeing to do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He was unwilling to lend his new bicycle.",
    "zh": "他不愿意把自己的新自行车借出去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some commuters are unwilling to cycle to work because busy roads lack safe lanes and secure bicycle parking.",
    "zh": "一些通勤者不愿骑车上班，因为繁忙的道路缺乏安全的车道和可靠的自行车停放设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unwilling to accept｜不愿接受",
   "unwilling to cooperate｜不愿合作",
   "an unwilling participant｜不情愿的参与者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "willing (adj.)",
   "unwillingly (adv.)",
   "unwillingness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reluctant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "willing",
   "eager"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be unwilling to do；不愿做不等于unable不能做。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unwilling"
 },
 {
  "w": "maintain",
  "uk": "/meɪnˈteɪn/",
  "us": "/meɪnˈteɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "维持；保持",
    "en": "To keep something at the same level or in existence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "保养；维护",
    "en": "To keep something working well through regular care and repairs."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "坚持声称",
    "en": "To firmly state that something is true."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Regular walks help me maintain a healthy weight.",
    "zh": "经常散步帮助我保持健康的体重。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must maintain essential public services while responding to growing pressure on national budgets.",
    "zh": "政府必须在应对国家预算压力不断增大的同时，维持基本公共服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "maintain a balance｜保持平衡",
   "maintain standards｜维持标准",
   "maintain equipment｜保养设备",
   "maintain that｜坚持声称"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "maintenance (n.)",
   "maintainable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "preserve",
   "sustain"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "maintain后直接接宾语；表示坚持声称时可接that从句。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "maintain"
 },
 {
  "w": "elderly",
  "uk": "/ˈeldəli/",
  "us": "/ˈeldərli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "年老的；上了年纪的",
    "en": "old, especially when describing people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An elderly neighbour showed me how to grow tomatoes.",
    "zh": "一位年长的邻居教我如何种番茄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities should provide accessible public transport so that elderly residents can remain active and independent.",
    "zh": "城市应提供无障碍公共交通，让老年居民能够保持活跃并独立生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "elderly people｜老年人",
   "elderly residents｜老年居民",
   "elderly care｜老年护理"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "elder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "older",
   "aged"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "young"
  ],
  "tip": "指人年老，不指中年；older people通常更中性。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elderly"
 },
 {
  "w": "isolate",
  "uk": "/ˈaɪsəleɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈaɪsəleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "隔离；使孤立",
    "en": "Separate someone or something from others."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分离；单独确定",
    "en": "Separate or identify one substance, factor, or problem for examination."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy snow isolated the village from the nearest town.",
    "zh": "大雪使这个村庄与最近的城镇隔绝了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must isolate the effects of income before drawing conclusions about the relationship between education and health.",
    "zh": "研究人员必须单独厘清收入的影响，才能对教育与健康的关系下结论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "isolate someone from｜使某人与……隔离",
   "isolate a variable｜单独考察一个变量",
   "isolate the cause｜确定原因"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "isolation (n.)",
   "isolated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "separate",
   "segregate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "integrate"
  ],
  "tip": "常用isolate A from B；形容词是isolated。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "isolate"
 },
 {
  "w": "retreat",
  "uk": "/rɪˈtriːt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈtriːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "撤退；退避",
    "en": "To move back or away from danger or difficulty."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "撤退；退却",
    "en": "An act of moving back or away from something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "静养处；僻静住所",
    "en": "A quiet place where people go to rest."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We retreated indoors when the rain began falling heavily.",
    "zh": "大雨开始倾盆而下时，我们退回了室内。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As glaciers retreat due to rising temperatures, communities downstream face increasing uncertainty about their future water supplies.",
    "zh": "随着气温上升导致冰川退缩，下游社区未来的供水面临越来越大的不确定性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "retreat from｜从……撤退",
   "beat a retreat｜匆忙退走",
   "mountain retreat｜山中静养处"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "withdraw"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "advance"
  ],
  "tip": "retreat强调向后撤离；静养处这一名词义也常见。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "retreat"
 },
 {
  "w": "swell",
  "uk": "/swel/",
  "us": "/swel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "肿胀；膨胀",
    "en": "To become larger or rounder, or make something do so."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "增加；增强",
    "en": "To increase in amount or strength, or cause this."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海面涌浪",
    "en": "The movement of long, smooth waves across the sea."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My ankle began to swell after I twisted it.",
    "zh": "我扭伤脚踝后，脚踝开始肿起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Seasonal tourism can swell the population of coastal towns, placing additional pressure on local water supplies.",
    "zh": "季节性旅游会使沿海城镇人口增加，给当地供水带来额外压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "swell up｜肿起来",
   "swell with pride｜内心充满自豪",
   "a heavy swell｜汹涌的涌浪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "swelling (n.)",
   "swollen (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "expand",
   "increase"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "shrink"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式swelled；过去分词常用swollen。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "swell"
 },
 {
  "w": "photographic",
  "uk": "/ˌfəʊtəˈɡræfɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌfoʊtəˈɡræfɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "摄影的；照片的",
    "en": "relating to photography or photographs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "记忆极精确的",
    "en": "able to remember visual details with great accuracy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She packed her photographic equipment before the sunrise walk.",
    "zh": "她在出发晨走看日出前收好了摄影器材。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Photographic evidence allows researchers to document changes in glacier size and communicate climate trends to the public.",
    "zh": "照片证据使研究人员能够记录冰川大小的变化，并向公众传达气候趋势。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "photographic equipment｜摄影器材",
   "photographic evidence｜照片证据",
   "a photographic memory｜过目不忘的记忆力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "photograph (n.)",
   "photography (n.)",
   "photographer (n.)",
   "photographically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "photographic memory指记忆极精确，并非照片存储。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "photographic"
 },
 {
  "w": "fantasy",
  "uk": "/ˈfæntəsi/",
  "us": "/ˈfæntəsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "幻想；想象",
    "en": "An imagined situation that is unlikely to happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奇幻文学；奇幻作品",
    "en": "Stories featuring magic, imaginary worlds, or impossible events"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Living in a castle was my favourite childhood fantasy.",
    "zh": "住在城堡里是我童年时最喜欢的幻想。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fantasy literature can encourage young readers to explore moral questions through imaginary worlds and unusual characters.",
    "zh": "奇幻文学可以鼓励年轻读者通过虚构世界和不同寻常的角色探索道德问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a childhood fantasy｜童年的幻想",
   "fantasy fiction｜奇幻小说",
   "a fantasy world｜幻想世界",
   "indulge in fantasy｜沉浸于幻想"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fantasise (v.)",
   "fantasize (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "daydream"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reality"
  ],
  "tip": "具体幻想可数；表示奇幻文学类型时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fantasy"
 },
 {
  "w": "context",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒntekst/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːntekst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "背景；具体环境",
    "en": "The circumstances surrounding an event that help explain it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "上下文；语境",
    "en": "The surrounding words that help explain a word or statement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her silence made sense once I understood the context.",
    "zh": "了解背景后，我就明白她为什么沉默了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historical events should be examined in their social context rather than judged solely by contemporary standards.",
    "zh": "研究历史事件应结合其社会背景，而非仅以当代标准评判。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in context｜结合背景；在语境中",
   "out of context｜脱离上下文",
   "historical context｜历史背景",
   "social context｜社会背景"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contextual (adj.)",
   "contextualise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "background",
   "circumstances"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "out of context指脱离语境，常用于断章取义。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "context"
 },
 {
  "w": "golden",
  "uk": "/ˈɡəʊldən/",
  "us": "/ˈɡoʊldən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "金色的",
    "en": "Having the warm yellow colour of gold."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "绝佳的；珍贵的",
    "en": "Especially valuable, favourable, or successful."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bread turned golden after twenty minutes in the oven.",
    "zh": "面包在烤箱里烤了二十分钟后变成了金黄色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International exchange programmes offer students a golden opportunity to develop language skills and understand different cultures.",
    "zh": "国际交流项目为学生提供了提高语言能力、了解不同文化的绝佳机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "golden brown｜金黄偏褐色的",
   "golden opportunity｜绝佳机会",
   "golden age｜黄金时代",
   "golden rule｜重要准则"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gold (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gold-coloured"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "golden多形容颜色；表示金制的通常用gold。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "golden"
 },
 {
  "w": "abstract",
  "uk": "/ˈæbstrækt/",
  "us": "/ˈæbstrækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "抽象的",
    "en": "relating to ideas rather than physical objects or specific examples"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "抽象艺术的",
    "en": "using shapes and colours rather than realistic images"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "摘要",
    "en": "a short summary of a research paper or other document"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She uses toys to explain abstract ideas to children.",
    "zh": "她用玩具向孩子们解释抽象概念。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reading the abstract helps researchers decide whether a study is relevant to their own work.",
    "zh": "阅读摘要有助于研究人员判断一项研究是否与自己的工作相关。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an abstract concept｜抽象概念",
   "abstract art｜抽象艺术",
   "abstract thinking｜抽象思维",
   "a research abstract｜研究摘要"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "abstraction (n.)",
   "abstractly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "concrete"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词和名词重音在首音节；动词重音在后。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "abstract"
 },
 {
  "w": "majority",
  "uk": "/məˈdʒɒrəti/",
  "us": "/məˈdʒɔːrəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大多数；过半数",
    "en": "the larger part of a group, exceeding half its members"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "超出对方的票数",
    "en": "the extra votes by which one candidate or side wins"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The majority of our neighbours have dogs or cats.",
    "zh": "我们的邻居大多数都养狗或猫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The majority of respondents supported greater investment in public transport rather than the construction of new roads.",
    "zh": "大多数受访者支持增加公共交通投资，而非修建新道路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the vast majority of｜……的绝大多数",
   "a clear majority｜明显多数",
   "win a majority｜赢得多数票"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "major (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "most"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "minority"
  ],
  "tip": "the majority of接复数名词时，谓语通常用复数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "majority"
 },
 {
  "w": "narrator",
  "uk": "/nəˈreɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈnæreɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "叙述者；旁白者",
    "en": "The person or voice telling a story"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The narrator's gentle voice helped me fall asleep.",
    "zh": "旁白者轻柔的声音帮助我入睡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An unreliable narrator encourages readers to question events and consider how personal perspectives shape their understanding of reality.",
    "zh": "不可靠的叙述者促使读者质疑事件，并思考个人视角如何塑造对现实的理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "first-person narrator｜第一人称叙述者",
   "unreliable narrator｜不可靠的叙述者",
   "documentary narrator｜纪录片旁白者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "narrate (v.)",
   "narration (n.)",
   "narrative (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "storyteller"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "叙述者不一定是作者；小说中可由虚构人物担任。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "narrator"
 },
 {
  "w": "suffix",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌfɪks/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌfɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "后缀",
    "en": "A word part added at the end to change meaning or grammar."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher showed us how a suffix changes a word.",
    "zh": "老师向我们展示了后缀如何改变一个词。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning common suffixes helps students recognise word classes and understand unfamiliar vocabulary in academic texts.",
    "zh": "学习常见后缀有助于学生识别词性，并理解学术文章中的陌生词汇。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "add a suffix｜添加后缀",
   "a noun suffix｜名词后缀",
   "a plural suffix｜复数后缀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suffixation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "suffix加在词尾；prefix加在词首。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suffix"
 },
 {
  "w": "united",
  "uk": "/juˈnaɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/juˈnaɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "团结的；一致的",
    "en": "Working together or sharing the same aims and opinions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "联合的；统一的",
    "en": "Joined together to form a single group or whole."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours remained united despite disagreements about the garden.",
    "zh": "尽管对花园有不同意见，我们的邻居们仍然保持团结。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A united response from governments and communities is essential for addressing the long-term challenges of climate change.",
    "zh": "政府与社区一致行动，对于应对气候变化带来的长期挑战至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a united front｜统一战线",
   "a united response｜一致的回应",
   "united in opposition｜一致反对",
   "remain united｜保持团结"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "unite (v.)",
   "unity (n.)",
   "unification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unified"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "divided"
  ],
  "tip": "be united in后接共同立场；united front指一致阵线。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "united"
 },
 {
  "w": "linguistics",
  "uk": "/lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪks/",
  "us": "/lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "语言学",
    "en": "The scientific study of language and how it works."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister studies linguistics and loves comparing different accents.",
    "zh": "我姐姐学习语言学，喜欢比较不同的口音。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Research in linguistics can help teachers develop more effective methods for teaching foreign languages.",
    "zh": "语言学研究可以帮助教师开发更有效的外语教学方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "applied linguistics｜应用语言学",
   "historical linguistics｜历史语言学",
   "study linguistics｜学习语言学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "linguist (n.)",
   "linguistic (adj.)",
   "linguistically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "虽以s结尾，作为学科名通常接单数谓语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "linguistics"
 },
 {
  "w": "riddle",
  "uk": "/ˈrɪdl/",
  "us": "/ˈrɪdl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谜语",
    "en": "a puzzling question with a clever or unexpected answer"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谜；难解之事",
    "en": "something mysterious that is difficult to understand or explain"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin asked a riddle that nobody could solve.",
    "zh": "我的表亲出了一个谁也解不开的谜语。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The sudden disappearance of this ancient settlement remains a riddle despite decades of archaeological research.",
    "zh": "尽管经过数十年的考古研究，这座古代聚落的突然消失仍是一个谜。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "solve a riddle｜解开谜语",
   "pose a riddle｜出谜语",
   "remain a riddle｜仍是一个谜"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "puzzle",
   "mystery"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "谜语的答案用answer；解谜可用solve a riddle。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "riddle"
 },
 {
  "w": "workaholic",
  "uk": "/ˌwɜːkəˈhɒlɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌwɝːkəˈhɑːlɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "工作狂",
    "en": "Someone who works excessively and finds it hard to stop"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother is a workaholic who rarely takes holidays.",
    "zh": "我哥哥是个工作狂，几乎不休假。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A workaholic may achieve short-term career success while neglecting personal relationships and long-term health.",
    "zh": "工作狂可能取得短期的职业成功，却忽视了人际关系和长期健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a self-confessed workaholic｜自认的工作狂",
   "become a workaholic｜成为工作狂",
   "a workaholic culture｜过度工作的文化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "workaholism (n.)",
   "work (v.)",
   "worker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调工作过度、难以停下，不等于单纯勤奋。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "workaholic"
 },
 {
  "w": "military",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪlɪtəri/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪləteri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "军事的；军队的",
    "en": "relating to armed forces or their activities"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "军队；武装力量",
    "en": "a country's armed forces, considered as a group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched military helicopters carry supplies to the island.",
    "zh": "我们看着军用直升机把物资运往岛上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must balance military spending with investment in essential public services such as healthcare and education.",
    "zh": "政府必须平衡军事开支与医疗、教育等基本公共服务的投入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "military service｜兵役",
   "military spending｜军事开支",
   "military personnel｜军人",
   "the military｜军队"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "militarily (adv.)",
   "militarism (n.)",
   "militarisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "civilian"
  ],
  "tip": "作名词指整体军队时，通常用the military。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "military"
 },
 {
  "w": "complicate",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmplɪkeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmplɪkeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使复杂化；使更难处理",
    "en": "to make something harder to understand or deal with"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Changing the date now would only complicate our plans.",
    "zh": "现在改日期只会让我们的计划更难安排。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unclear regulations can complicate efforts to establish small businesses, particularly in rapidly developing urban areas.",
    "zh": "不明确的法规会增加创办小企业的难度，在快速发展的城市地区尤其如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complicate matters｜使事情复杂化",
   "complicate the situation｜使局势复杂化",
   "complicate the process｜使过程复杂化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "complicated (adj.)",
   "complication (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "simplify"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词，后接被弄复杂的事物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "complicate"
 },
 {
  "w": "best-seller",
  "uk": "/ˌbest ˈselə/",
  "us": "/ˌbest ˈselər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "畅销书；畅销商品",
    "en": "a book or product that sells in very large quantities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That cookbook became a best-seller within a month.",
    "zh": "那本食谱不到一个月就成了畅销书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A best-seller can encourage wider public interest in scientific issues that previously attracted little attention.",
    "zh": "一本畅销书能够激发公众对以往鲜受关注的科学议题的广泛兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an international best-seller｜国际畅销书",
   "become a best-seller｜成为畅销书",
   "a best-seller list｜畅销书排行榜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "best-selling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "也常写作bestseller；形容词用best-selling。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "best-seller"
 },
 {
  "w": "sleepiness",
  "uk": "/ˈsliːpinəs/",
  "us": "/ˈsliːpinəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "困倦；睡意",
    "en": "The feeling of being tired and wanting to sleep."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A short walk helped me shake off my sleepiness.",
    "zh": "散了一小会儿步后，我驱散了困意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Persistent daytime sleepiness can affect students' concentration and reduce their ability to absorb new information.",
    "zh": "白天持续困倦会影响学生的注意力，降低他们吸收新信息的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "daytime sleepiness｜白天困倦",
   "excessive sleepiness｜过度嗜睡",
   "shake off sleepiness｜驱散睡意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sleep (v.)",
   "sleepy (adj.)",
   "sleepily (adv.)",
   "sleepless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "drowsiness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "wakefulness"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词，指想睡的感觉，不等于已经入睡。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sleepiness"
 },
 {
  "w": "thrill",
  "uk": "/θrɪl/",
  "us": "/θrɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "兴奋感；激动",
    "en": "a sudden strong feeling of excitement and pleasure"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使非常兴奋；使激动",
    "en": "to make someone feel very excited and pleased"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt a real thrill when the kite finally flew.",
    "zh": "风筝终于飞起来时，我感到一阵真正的兴奋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The thrill of discovery can motivate students to explore scientific questions beyond the classroom.",
    "zh": "发现新事物带来的兴奋感可以激励学生在课堂之外探索科学问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the thrill of discovery｜发现的兴奋感",
   "a thrill of excitement｜一阵兴奋",
   "thrill an audience｜使观众激动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thrilled (adj.)",
   "thrilling (adj.)",
   "thriller (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "excitement",
   "exhilaration"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "thrilled表示人很兴奋；thrilling表示事物令人兴奋。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thrill"
 },
 {
  "w": "blush",
  "uk": "/blʌʃ/",
  "us": "/blʌʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "脸红",
    "en": "To become red in the face from embarrassment or shyness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脸红；红晕",
    "en": "Redness in the face caused by embarrassment or shyness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He began to blush when everyone praised his singing.",
    "zh": "大家夸赞他的歌声时，他开始脸红了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who blush during presentations may benefit from supportive feedback and regular opportunities to practise speaking.",
    "zh": "演讲时容易脸红的学生可能会受益于鼓励性的反馈和经常练习口头表达的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blush with embarrassment｜尴尬得脸红",
   "make someone blush｜使某人脸红",
   "a deep blush｜满脸通红"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blushing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "flush"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词通常不及物；使某人脸红用make someone blush。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blush"
 },
 {
  "w": "contestant",
  "uk": "/kənˈtestənt/",
  "us": "/kənˈtestənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "参赛者",
    "en": "A person who takes part in a competition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each contestant brought a homemade cake for the judges.",
    "zh": "每位参赛者都带来了自制蛋糕供评委品评。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every contestant in a televised competition should receive clear guidance about the judging criteria beforehand.",
    "zh": "电视竞赛中的每位参赛者都应事先获得有关评判标准的明确说明。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contestant in a competition｜比赛中的参赛者",
   "quiz show contestant｜问答节目的选手",
   "winning contestant｜获胜选手"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contest (n.)",
   "contest (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "competitor",
   "participant"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "contestant指参赛者；participant也可指普通活动参与者。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contestant"
 },
 {
  "w": "restrict",
  "uk": "/rɪˈstrɪkt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈstrɪkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "限制；限定",
    "en": "to limit what someone can do or how much is allowed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These tight shoes restrict my movement when I dance.",
    "zh": "这双鞋太紧，跳舞时让我施展不开。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities may restrict private vehicle access to city centres in order to reduce air pollution.",
    "zh": "地方政府可能限制私家车进入市中心，以减少空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "restrict access｜限制进入或使用",
   "restrict movement｜限制行动",
   "restrict something to｜将某事物限定于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "restriction (n.)",
   "restricted (adj.)",
   "restrictive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "limit",
   "constrain"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "restrict A to B表示“把A限定在B范围内”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "restrict"
 },
 {
  "w": "decorator",
  "uk": "/ˈdekəreɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈdekəreɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "油漆装潢工；室内装饰师",
    "en": "Someone whose job is painting, wallpapering, or decorating rooms."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The decorator covered our sofa before painting the ceiling.",
    "zh": "装潢工在粉刷天花板前把我们的沙发盖了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employing a professional decorator can help homeowners improve their living space without undertaking major structural changes.",
    "zh": "聘请专业装饰人员可以帮助房主改善居住空间，而不必大幅改动房屋结构。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "painter and decorator｜油漆装潢工",
   "interior decorator｜室内装饰师",
   "hire a decorator｜雇用装潢工"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "decorate (v.)",
   "decoration (n.)",
   "decorative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语常指刷墙、贴墙纸的工人，不仅是设计师。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "decorator"
 },
 {
  "w": "inhabitant",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈhæbɪtənt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈhæbɪtənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "居民；栖居动物",
    "en": "A person or animal that lives in a particular place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Every inhabitant of the village helped repair the bridge.",
    "zh": "村里的每一位居民都帮忙修了桥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid urban growth can place pressure on housing and reduce access to green spaces for local inhabitants.",
    "zh": "城市快速扩张可能增加住房压力，并减少当地居民享用绿地的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local inhabitants｜当地居民",
   "the inhabitants of a city｜一座城市的居民",
   "original inhabitants｜原住居民"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inhabit (v.)",
   "inhabited (adj.)",
   "uninhabited (adj.)",
   "inhabitable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "resident"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用inhabitants of＋地点；不等于具有公民身份的citizens。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inhabitant"
 },
 {
  "w": "liking",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪkɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪkɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喜爱；偏好",
    "en": "a feeling of enjoying or being fond of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I've developed a liking for spicy soup this winter.",
    "zh": "今年冬天，我渐渐喜欢上了辣汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children who develop a liking for outdoor activities may be more willing to adopt healthy habits later in life.",
    "zh": "喜欢上户外活动的儿童，日后可能更愿意养成健康的生活习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a liking for｜对……的喜爱",
   "take a liking to｜开始喜欢上",
   "to your liking｜合你的心意",
   "develop a liking for｜逐渐喜欢上"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "like (v.)",
   "likeable (adj.)",
   "dislike (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fondness",
   "preference"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dislike",
   "aversion"
  ],
  "tip": "a liking for表示喜欢；to your liking表示合心意。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "liking"
 },
 {
  "w": "artistic",
  "uk": "/ɑːˈtɪstɪk/",
  "us": "/ɑːrˈtɪstɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "艺术的；艺术创作的",
    "en": "Related to art or the creation of art"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有艺术天赋的",
    "en": "Good at creating or appreciating art"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有艺术美感的",
    "en": "Beautiful or attractive in a way that shows creative skill"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The festival celebrates artistic traditions through music and dance.",
    "zh": "这个节日通过音乐和舞蹈颂扬艺术传统。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should provide opportunities for artistic expression, as creative activities can support emotional development and cultural understanding.",
    "zh": "学校应提供艺术表达的机会，因为创意活动有助于情感发展和文化理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "artistic expression｜艺术表达",
   "artistic talent｜艺术天赋",
   "artistic freedom｜艺术自由",
   "artistic value｜艺术价值"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "art (n.)",
   "artist (n.)",
   "artistically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "artistic指艺术或艺术天赋；artificial指人造的。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "artistic"
 },
 {
  "w": "paradise",
  "uk": "/ˈpærədaɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈpærədaɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乐园；极乐之地",
    "en": "A place or situation offering great beauty, happiness, or enjoyment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天堂",
    "en": "A perfect place of happiness after death in some religions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This quiet beach is a paradise for swimmers.",
    "zh": "这片宁静的海滩是游泳爱好者的乐园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although tourism can turn remote islands into holiday paradises, uncontrolled development may damage the ecosystems that attract visitors.",
    "zh": "尽管旅游业能将偏远岛屿变成度假天堂，无序开发却可能破坏吸引游客的生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tropical paradise｜热带天堂",
   "a paradise for wildlife｜野生动物的乐园",
   "an island paradise｜海岛乐园"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "paradisiacal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "heaven",
   "utopia"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a paradise for后接人或动物，表示其理想乐园。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "paradise"
 },
 {
  "w": "heap",
  "uk": "/hiːp/",
  "us": "/hiːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一堆",
    "en": "A pile of things placed together without careful arrangement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "堆放；堆积",
    "en": "To put things together in a large pile."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He left his clothes in a heap beside the bed.",
    "zh": "他把衣服乱堆在床边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Large heaps of discarded clothing highlight the environmental consequences of rapid consumption in the fashion industry.",
    "zh": "成堆的废弃衣物凸显了时尚行业快速消费带来的环境后果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a heap of clothes｜一堆衣服",
   "a compost heap｜堆肥堆",
   "heap praise on｜大加赞扬"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "pile",
   "mound"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a heap of 指一堆；heaps of 口语中表示大量。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "heap"
 },
 {
  "w": "glimpse",
  "uk": "/ɡlɪmps/",
  "us": "/ɡlɪmps/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一瞥；短暂的一看",
    "en": "a brief or incomplete view of someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "瞥见",
    "en": "to see someone or something briefly or only partly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We caught a glimpse of a fox behind the fence.",
    "zh": "我们瞥见篱笆后面有一只狐狸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museum exhibitions offer visitors a glimpse of daily life in societies that existed thousands of years ago.",
    "zh": "博物馆展览让参观者得以一窥数千年前社会的日常生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "catch a glimpse of｜瞥见",
   "a brief glimpse｜短暂的一瞥",
   "offer a glimpse into｜让人略窥"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "glimpse强调短暂看见；glance强调主动匆匆看一眼。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glimpse"
 },
 {
  "w": "conscious",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnʃəs/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "意识到的；察觉到的",
    "en": "aware of something or noticing that it exists"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "神志清醒的",
    "en": "awake and able to notice and respond to your surroundings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有意的；刻意的",
    "en": "done deliberately rather than automatically"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I became conscious of someone standing behind me.",
    "zh": "我察觉到有人站在我身后。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers are increasingly conscious of the environmental impact of their purchases and are choosing more sustainable products.",
    "zh": "消费者越来越意识到购物对环境的影响，并开始选择更可持续的产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conscious of｜意识到",
   "remain conscious｜保持清醒",
   "a conscious effort｜有意识的努力",
   "a conscious decision｜有意作出的决定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consciousness (n.)",
   "consciously (adv.)",
   "unconscious (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "aware",
   "awake",
   "deliberate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unconscious",
   "unaware"
  ],
  "tip": "意识到某事用be conscious of，勿与conscience混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conscious"
 },
 {
  "w": "homeless",
  "uk": "/ˈhəʊmləs/",
  "us": "/ˈhoʊmləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无家可归的",
    "en": "Without a permanent place to live."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The flood left several families homeless in our town.",
    "zh": "洪水使我们镇上的几户家庭无家可归。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable housing and accessible support services are essential to helping homeless people rebuild stable lives.",
    "zh": "经济适用的住房和便利的援助服务，对帮助无家可归者重建稳定生活至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "homeless people｜无家可归的人",
   "become homeless｜变得无家可归",
   "leave someone homeless｜使某人无家可归",
   "a homeless shelter｜无家可归者收容所"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "home (n.)",
   "homelessness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unhoused"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不能说a homeless；应说a homeless person。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "homeless"
 },
 {
  "w": "feedback",
  "uk": "/ˈfiːdbæk/",
  "us": "/ˈfiːdbæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "反馈；意见",
    "en": "comments about performance or work that help someone improve"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My tutor gave me helpful feedback on my essay.",
    "zh": "导师针对我的作文给了我有用的反馈。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular feedback enables students to identify weaknesses and develop more effective strategies for independent learning.",
    "zh": "定期反馈能帮助学生发现薄弱之处，并制定更有效的自主学习策略。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "constructive feedback｜建设性的反馈",
   "give feedback on｜对……给予反馈",
   "customer feedback｜客户反馈",
   "ask for feedback｜征求反馈"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "feed back (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数，不说a feedback或feedbacks；用some feedback。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "feedback"
 },
 {
  "w": "startle",
  "uk": "/ˈstɑːtəl/",
  "us": "/ˈstɑːrtəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使吓一跳",
    "en": "To suddenly surprise or frighten someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sudden knock startled me while I was cooking.",
    "zh": "我做饭时，突然的敲门声吓了我一跳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Loud construction noises can startle nearby wildlife and disrupt their feeding patterns during the breeding season.",
    "zh": "繁殖季节，巨大的施工噪声会惊吓附近的野生动物，扰乱它们的觅食规律。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "startle someone｜吓某人一跳",
   "be startled by｜被……吓一跳",
   "startle easily｜容易受惊"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "startled (adj.)",
   "startling (adj.)",
   "startlingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "frighten",
   "surprise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调突然受惊，不等于长期感到害怕。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "startle"
 },
 {
  "w": "repay",
  "uk": "/rɪˈpeɪ/",
  "us": "/rɪˈpeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "偿还；归还",
    "en": "to pay back money that you owe"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "报答；回报",
    "en": "to give something in return for help or kindness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I will repay the money when I get paid.",
    "zh": "等发了工资，我就把钱还上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Graduates may struggle to repay their student loans if secure employment opportunities remain limited.",
    "zh": "如果稳定的就业机会仍然有限，毕业生可能难以偿还助学贷款。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "repay a loan｜偿还贷款",
   "repay a debt｜偿还债务",
   "repay someone's kindness｜报答某人的好意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "repayment (n.)",
   "repayable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pay back",
   "reimburse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为repaid；不表示报复。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "repay"
 },
 {
  "w": "grief",
  "uk": "/ɡriːf/",
  "us": "/ɡriːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "悲痛；哀伤",
    "en": "Deep sadness, especially after someone you love has died"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She found comfort in friends during her grief.",
    "zh": "在悲痛中，她从朋友那里得到了慰藉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should offer counselling to help young people manage grief after the loss of a family member.",
    "zh": "学校应提供心理辅导，帮助年轻人在失去家人后应对悲痛。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deep grief｜深切的悲痛",
   "overcome with grief｜悲痛欲绝",
   "cope with grief｜应对悲痛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grieve (v.)",
   "grieving (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sorrow",
   "heartache"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "joy"
  ],
  "tip": "表示悲痛时通常不可数，常与失去亲人有关。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grief"
 },
 {
  "w": "literal",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪtərəl/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪtərəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "字面的；非比喻的",
    "en": "using the basic meaning of words, without metaphor"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "逐字的",
    "en": "following the exact words rather than the overall meaning"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I meant cold feet in the literal sense.",
    "zh": "我说的就是脚冷，没有什么比喻含义。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A literal translation may preserve individual words while failing to convey the cultural meaning of an expression.",
    "zh": "逐字翻译可能保留每个词，却无法传达某种表达背后的文化含义。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "literal meaning｜字面意思",
   "literal translation｜逐字翻译",
   "literal interpretation｜按字面理解"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "literally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "figurative"
  ],
  "tip": "literal指字面义；literary指文学的，注意区别。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "literal"
 },
 {
  "w": "clarify",
  "uk": "/ˈklærɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈklerəfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "澄清；阐明",
    "en": "To make something easier to understand by explaining it clearly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使液体澄清",
    "en": "To make a liquid clearer by removing unwanted substances."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you clarify which entrance we should use?",
    "zh": "你能说清楚我们应该走哪个入口吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should clarify how personal data will be used before introducing digital identity systems.",
    "zh": "政府在推行数字身份系统前，应阐明个人数据将如何使用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clarify a point｜阐明一点",
   "clarify the situation｜澄清情况",
   "clarify the meaning｜解释含义",
   "clarified butter｜澄清黄油"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clarification (n)",
   "clarity (n)",
   "clear (adj)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "explain",
   "elucidate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "obscure",
   "confuse"
  ],
  "tip": "clarify直接接需要解释的内容，如clarify the rules。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clarify"
 },
 {
  "w": "collaboration",
  "uk": "/kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "合作；协作",
    "en": "Working together with others to achieve a shared goal"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "通敌；与敌方合作",
    "en": "Helping an enemy that controls your country"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our garden makeover was a collaboration between several neighbours.",
    "zh": "我们花园的改造是几位邻居合作完成的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Closer collaboration between universities and local businesses can help students develop practical skills before entering the workforce.",
    "zh": "大学与当地企业更紧密的合作可以帮助学生在就业前培养实用技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in collaboration with｜与…合作",
   "close collaboration｜密切合作",
   "international collaboration｜国际合作",
   "collaboration between｜…之间的合作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "collaborate (v.)",
   "collaborative (adj.)",
   "collaboratively (adv.)",
   "collaborator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cooperation",
   "teamwork"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "普通语境指合作；通敌义须结合战争背景。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "collaboration"
 },
 {
  "w": "rifle",
  "uk": "/ˈraɪfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈraɪfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "步枪",
    "en": "A long gun held against the shoulder when fired."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "翻找；搜寻",
    "en": "To search through things quickly, often leaving them untidy."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An old rifle stood inside the museum's glass cabinet.",
    "zh": "博物馆的玻璃展柜里立着一支旧步枪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The museum displays a nineteenth-century rifle to illustrate how industrial advances transformed military equipment.",
    "zh": "博物馆展出了一支十九世纪的步枪，以说明工业进步如何改变军事装备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a hunting rifle｜猎枪",
   "a rifle barrel｜步枪枪管",
   "rifle through drawers｜翻找抽屉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rifling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词时常用rifle through，表示匆忙翻找。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rifle"
 },
 {
  "w": "outsider",
  "uk": "/ˌaʊtˈsaɪdə/",
  "us": "/ˌaʊtˈsaɪdɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "局外人；外来者",
    "en": "Someone who does not belong to a particular group."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不被看好的竞争者",
    "en": "A competitor considered unlikely to win."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "At first, I felt like an outsider at school.",
    "zh": "起初，我觉得自己在学校里像个局外人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An outsider may identify weaknesses in an organisation that its long-standing members have failed to notice.",
    "zh": "局外人可能发现一个组织中资深成员未曾注意到的弱点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel like an outsider｜觉得自己是局外人",
   "an outsider's perspective｜局外人的视角",
   "a rank outsider｜极不被看好的竞争者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "outside (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "insider"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指圈外人，也可指不被看好的参赛者。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outsider"
 },
 {
  "w": "distract",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstrækt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstrækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使分心；转移注意力",
    "en": "To draw someone's attention away from what they are doing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The music distracted me while I was doing homework.",
    "zh": "我做作业时，音乐让我分心了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Frequent phone notifications can distract employees from complex tasks and reduce their ability to concentrate for long periods.",
    "zh": "频繁的手机通知会使员工在处理复杂任务时分心，并削弱他们长时间集中注意力的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "distract someone from｜使某人从……分心",
   "distract attention from｜转移对……的注意力",
   "easily distracted｜容易分心的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "distraction (n.)",
   "distracted (adj.)",
   "distracting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "divert"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用distract sb from sth或doing sth。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "distract"
 },
 {
  "w": "kitesurfing",
  "uk": "/ˈkaɪtsɜːfɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈkaɪtsɜːrfɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "风筝冲浪",
    "en": "Riding a board across water while pulled by a kite."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin tried kitesurfing at the beach yesterday.",
    "zh": "我表亲昨天在海滩尝试了风筝冲浪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal resorts offering kitesurfing should separate training areas from swimming zones to reduce accidents.",
    "zh": "提供风筝冲浪活动的海滨度假区应将训练区与游泳区分开，以减少事故。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go kitesurfing｜去玩风筝冲浪",
   "kitesurfing lessons｜风筝冲浪课程",
   "kitesurfing equipment｜风筝冲浪装备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "kitesurf (v.)",
   "kitesurfer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "kiteboarding"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指由风筝牵引滑行，区别于帆板运动windsurfing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kitesurfing"
 },
 {
  "w": "freely",
  "uk": "/ˈfriːli/",
  "us": "/ˈfriːli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "自由地；不受限制地",
    "en": "without restrictions or anything preventing movement or action"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "坦率地；毫不隐瞒地",
    "en": "openly and honestly, without hiding thoughts or facts"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "自愿地；慷慨地",
    "en": "willingly and generously, without being forced"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The chickens wander freely around the garden all day.",
    "zh": "这些鸡整天在花园里自由走动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should be able to express their opinions freely while respecting the rights and feelings of others.",
    "zh": "学生应能自由表达意见，同时尊重他人的权利和感受。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "move freely｜自由移动",
   "speak freely｜畅所欲言",
   "freely admit｜坦率承认",
   "give freely｜慷慨给予"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "free (adj.)",
   "free (v.)",
   "freedom (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "freely主要指不受限制；免费用for free。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "freely"
 },
 {
  "w": "curse",
  "uk": "/kɜːs/",
  "us": "/kɜːrs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "咒骂",
    "en": "to use rude words because you are angry"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诅咒；咒语",
    "en": "words intended to bring someone bad luck through magic"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "祸害；灾祸",
    "en": "something that causes serious trouble or suffering"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He cursed quietly when his umbrella broke in the rain.",
    "zh": "雨中伞坏了，他低声咒骂了一句。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For isolated communities, unreliable transport can be a curse that limits access to healthcare and employment.",
    "zh": "对偏远社区而言，不可靠的交通可能成为祸害，限制居民获得医疗服务和就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "curse under one's breath｜低声咒骂",
   "put a curse on｜对……施加诅咒",
   "a blessing and a curse｜既是福也是祸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cursed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "swear"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "blessing"
  ],
  "tip": "curse可指咒骂或诅咒；swear也可指发誓。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "curse"
 },
 {
  "w": "serving",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːvɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːvɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一人份；一份食物",
    "en": "An amount of food or drink intended for one person."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "现任的；现役的",
    "en": "Currently holding an official position or working in the armed forces."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Would you like another serving of soup before dessert?",
    "zh": "吃甜点前，你还想再来一份汤吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear information about calories per serving can help consumers compare products and make more informed dietary choices.",
    "zh": "清楚标明每份食品的热量，有助于消费者比较产品，作出更明智的饮食选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a serving of｜一份……",
   "serving size｜每份食用量",
   "per serving｜每份",
   "a serving officer｜现役军官"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "serve (v.)",
   "service (n.)",
   "server (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "portion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "食物的serving是可数名词，常用a serving of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "serving"
 },
 {
  "w": "in-store",
  "uk": "/ˌɪn ˈstɔː/",
  "us": "/ˌɪn ˈstɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "店内的",
    "en": "happening or available inside a physical shop"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在实体店内",
    "en": "inside a physical shop rather than online"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop is offering free in-store cooking demonstrations today.",
    "zh": "这家店今天提供免费的店内烹饪演示。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Despite the growth of online shopping, in-store services remain important for customers who need personalised advice.",
    "zh": "尽管网购不断发展，店内服务对于需要个性化建议的顾客仍然重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in-store shopping｜实体店购物",
   "in-store services｜店内服务",
   "in-store promotion｜店内促销",
   "available in-store｜可在店内购买的"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in-store指店内的；“有库存”通常说in stock。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "in-store"
 },
 {
  "w": "survival",
  "uk": "/səˈvaɪvəl/",
  "us": "/sərˈvaɪvəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生存；幸存；存续",
    "en": "the state of remaining alive or continuing to exist"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lost hikers carried blankets and other survival equipment.",
    "zh": "迷路的徒步者带着毯子和其他求生装备。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting natural habitats is essential for the survival of species threatened by climate change.",
    "zh": "保护自然栖息地对于受气候变化威胁的物种生存至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "survival skills｜求生技能",
   "survival rate｜存活率",
   "long-term survival｜长期生存",
   "fight for survival｜为生存而斗争"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "survive (v.)",
   "survivor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "survival指生存状态；幸存者用survivor。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "survival"
 },
 {
  "w": "mature",
  "uk": "/məˈtʃʊə/",
  "us": "/məˈtʃʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "成熟的；明事理的",
    "en": "Behaving sensibly and showing good judgment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "发育完全的；成年的",
    "en": "Fully grown or developed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "成熟；发育成熟",
    "en": "To become fully developed or more sensible"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leila gave a mature response when her plans changed.",
    "zh": "计划改变时，莱拉作出了成熟理智的回应。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Living independently can help young adults mature as they learn to manage money and resolve everyday problems.",
    "zh": "独立生活能帮助年轻人在学习理财和解决日常问题的过程中变得成熟。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a mature attitude｜成熟的态度",
   "a mature student｜成年后重返校园的学生",
   "mature trees｜成年的树木",
   "emotionally mature｜情感成熟的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "maturity (n.)",
   "immature (adj.)",
   "immaturity (n.)",
   "maturation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sensible",
   "grown-up"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "immature"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指身体发育成熟，也可指处事明智。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mature"
 },
 {
  "w": "citizenship",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公民身份；公民资格",
    "en": "the legal status of belonging to a particular country"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公民责任与行为",
    "en": "responsible participation in the life of a community"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She applied for citizenship after living here for years.",
    "zh": "在这里生活多年后，她申请了公民身份。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Citizenship education can help young people understand their rights and responsibilities while encouraging active participation in democratic processes.",
    "zh": "公民教育能帮助年轻人理解自己的权利与责任，同时鼓励他们积极参与民主进程。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apply for citizenship｜申请公民身份",
   "dual citizenship｜双重国籍",
   "grant citizenship｜授予公民身份",
   "citizenship education｜公民教育"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "citizen (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；区别于residency（居留资格）。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "citizenship"
 },
 {
  "w": "anchor",
  "uk": "/ˈæŋkə/",
  "us": "/ˈæŋkər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "锚",
    "en": "A heavy object that holds a boat in place underwater."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抛锚；使固定",
    "en": "To secure a boat with an anchor or fix something firmly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "精神支柱；可靠依靠",
    "en": "A person or thing providing stability and support."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We dropped the anchor beside a quiet island.",
    "zh": "我们在一座宁静的小岛旁抛了锚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strong community networks can provide an anchor for families adapting to life in unfamiliar cities.",
    "zh": "紧密的社区网络可以为适应陌生城市生活的家庭提供可靠的依靠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "drop anchor｜抛锚",
   "weigh anchor｜起锚",
   "anchor a boat｜使船泊定",
   "an emotional anchor｜情感支柱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "anchorage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "drop anchor指抛锚；weigh anchor指起锚，不是称重。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anchor"
 },
 {
  "w": "antibiotics",
  "uk": "/ˌæntibaɪˈɒtɪks/",
  "us": "/ˌæntibaɪˈɑːtɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抗生素",
    "en": "Medicines used to treat infections caused by bacteria."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor prescribed antibiotics for my ear infection.",
    "zh": "医生给我开了抗生素来治疗耳部感染。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Overusing antibiotics can make bacterial infections harder to treat, creating a serious challenge for public health.",
    "zh": "过度使用抗生素会增加细菌感染的治疗难度，给公共卫生带来严峻挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prescribe antibiotics｜开抗生素",
   "a course of antibiotics｜一个疗程的抗生素",
   "antibiotics resistance｜抗生素耐药性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "antibiotic (n.)",
   "antibiotic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是antibiotic的复数；抗生素不能治疗病毒感染。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "antibiotics"
 },
 {
  "w": "erupt",
  "uk": "/ɪˈrʌpt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈrʌpt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "火山喷发；喷出",
    "en": "To force out lava, ash, or gas from a volcano."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "突然爆发",
    "en": "To begin suddenly with strong emotion, noise, or activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the volcano erupt in a nature documentary.",
    "zh": "我们在一部自然纪录片里看到了火山喷发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When volcanoes erupt, clouds of ash can disrupt air travel and affect communities far from the crater.",
    "zh": "火山喷发时，火山灰云可能扰乱航空运输，并影响远离火山口的社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "volcano erupts｜火山喷发",
   "erupt into applause｜突然爆发掌声",
   "erupt in anger｜勃然大怒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eruption (n.)",
   "eruptive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常作不及物动词；erupt into后可接掌声等。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "erupt"
 },
 {
  "w": "greed",
  "uk": "/ɡriːd/",
  "us": "/ɡriːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "贪婪；贪心",
    "en": "a strong desire for more than one needs or deserves"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His greed left everyone else without any cake.",
    "zh": "他太贪吃，其他人连一点蛋糕也没分到。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Corporate greed can undermine environmental protection when companies prioritise short-term profits over the welfare of local communities.",
    "zh": "当企业将短期利润置于当地社区福祉之上时，企业的贪婪就可能破坏环境保护。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "corporate greed｜企业的贪婪",
   "greed for power｜对权力的贪欲",
   "driven by greed｜受贪欲驱使"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "greedy (adj.)",
   "greedily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "avarice"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "generosity"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；greed for后接金钱、权力等渴求对象。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "greed"
 },
 {
  "w": "renew",
  "uk": "/rɪˈnjuː/",
  "us": "/rɪˈnuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "续期；续借",
    "en": "Make an agreement or permission valid for a further period."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "重新开始；恢复",
    "en": "Start something again or restore its strength."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I need to renew my library books tomorrow.",
    "zh": "我明天需要续借图书馆的书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should renew their commitment to public transport as urban populations continue to grow.",
    "zh": "随着城市人口持续增长，政府应重新坚定发展公共交通的承诺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "renew a subscription｜续订",
   "renew a passport｜换发护照",
   "renew a commitment｜重申承诺",
   "renew a library book｜续借图书馆的书"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "renewal (n.)",
   "renewable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "renew侧重延长有效期或重新开始，不等于更新信息。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "renew"
 },
 {
  "w": "yield",
  "uk": "/jiːld/",
  "us": "/jiːld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "产出；产生",
    "en": "Produce crops, profits, or other results"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "产量；收益",
    "en": "The amount of a crop, product, or profit produced"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "屈服；让步；让行",
    "en": "Stop resisting, or allow someone else to go first"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our apple tree yielded three baskets of fruit.",
    "zh": "我们的苹果树结出了三篮果实。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in agricultural research can yield substantial benefits for food security without expanding farmland.",
    "zh": "对农业研究的投资可以在不扩大耕地的情况下，为粮食安全带来显著益处。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "yield results｜产生结果",
   "crop yield｜作物产量",
   "yield to pressure｜屈服于压力",
   "yield to pedestrians｜礼让行人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "yielding (adj.)",
   "unyielding (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "yield results指产生结果；yield to指向……让步。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "yield"
 },
 {
  "w": "commission",
  "uk": "/kəˈmɪʃən/",
  "us": "/kəˈmɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "委员会",
    "en": "An official group appointed to investigate or manage something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "佣金；提成",
    "en": "Payment based on the value of sales or services"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "委托制作；委托开展",
    "en": "To formally ask someone to produce work for payment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The gallery commissioned a local artist to paint our harbour.",
    "zh": "美术馆委托一位本地画家描绘我们的港口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An independent commission should investigate housing conditions before the government introduces new safety regulations for rental properties.",
    "zh": "在政府出台新的出租房安全法规前，独立委员会应调查住房状况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an independent commission｜独立委员会",
   "earn commission｜赚取佣金",
   "commission a report｜委托撰写报告",
   "commission a painting｜委托创作画作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "commissioner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作委员会是可数名词；作佣金常用不可数形式。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commission"
 },
 {
  "w": "refusal",
  "uk": "/rɪˈfjuːzəl/",
  "us": "/rɪˈfjuːzəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拒绝；回绝",
    "en": "an act of saying you will not do or accept something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His polite refusal did not upset the host.",
    "zh": "他礼貌的谢绝并没有让主人不快。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A government's refusal to address public concerns can weaken trust and reduce participation in democratic processes.",
    "zh": "政府拒绝处理公众关切可能削弱信任，并降低公众参与民主程序的意愿。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "refusal to cooperate｜拒绝合作",
   "a firm refusal｜坚决的拒绝",
   "meet with refusal｜遭到拒绝"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "refuse (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rejection"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "acceptance"
  ],
  "tip": "表示拒绝做某事，用refusal to do，不用of doing。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "refusal"
 },
 {
  "w": "daring",
  "uk": "/ˈdeərɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈderɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大胆的；勇于冒险的",
    "en": "Willing to take risks or try unusually bold things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胆量；勇气",
    "en": "The courage to take risks or attempt difficult things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her daring outfit featured a bright orange cape.",
    "zh": "她大胆的穿搭中有一件鲜橙色披风。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The architect proposed a daring design that combined affordable housing with extensive rooftop gardens.",
    "zh": "这位建筑师提出了一个大胆的设计，将经济适用住房与大面积屋顶花园结合起来。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a daring rescue｜大胆的营救行动",
   "a daring design｜大胆的设计",
   "courage and daring｜勇气与胆量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dare (v.)",
   "daringly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bold",
   "adventurous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cautious",
   "timid"
  ],
  "tip": "作形容词强调敢冒险；作名词时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "daring"
 },
 {
  "w": "framework",
  "uk": "/ˈfreɪmwɜːk/",
  "us": "/ˈfreɪmwɜːrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体系；基本框架",
    "en": "A basic structure of ideas or rules supporting something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "骨架；支架",
    "en": "A supporting structure that gives something its shape"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our coach gave us a framework for planning each workout.",
    "zh": "教练给了我们一个规划每次训练的基本框架。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments need a clear legal framework to protect personal information collected by online services.",
    "zh": "政府需要明确的法律框架，以保护网络服务收集的个人信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "legal framework｜法律框架",
   "theoretical framework｜理论框架",
   "provide a framework｜提供框架",
   "within the framework of｜在……框架内"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用a framework for sth，表示某事的基本框架。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "framework"
 },
 {
  "w": "brag",
  "uk": "/bræɡ/",
  "us": "/bræɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吹嘘；夸耀",
    "en": "to talk too proudly about your achievements or possessions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He always brags about how fast he can swim.",
    "zh": "他总是吹嘘自己游泳有多快。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Social media can encourage users to brag about personal achievements rather than discuss everyday challenges honestly.",
    "zh": "社交媒体可能鼓励用户夸耀个人成就，而不是坦诚讨论日常挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "brag about achievements｜夸耀成就",
   "brag to friends｜向朋友吹嘘",
   "brag that you won｜吹嘘自己赢了"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bragging (n.)",
   "braggart (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "boast"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常接 about 或 that；过去式 bragged 双写 g。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brag"
 },
 {
  "w": "optimistic",
  "uk": "/ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌɑːptɪˈmɪstɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "乐观的；抱有希望的",
    "en": "Expecting good things to happen or a situation to improve."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Despite the rain, we remained optimistic about our picnic.",
    "zh": "虽然下着雨，我们仍对野餐抱有希望。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many graduates remain optimistic about their career prospects despite increasing competition in the labour market.",
    "zh": "尽管劳动力市场的竞争日益激烈，许多毕业生仍对自己的职业前景保持乐观。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "optimistic about｜对……乐观",
   "cautiously optimistic｜谨慎乐观的",
   "optimistic outlook｜乐观的看法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "optimism (n.)",
   "optimist (n.)",
   "optimistically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hopeful",
   "positive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "pessimistic"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be optimistic about；反义词是pessimistic。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "optimistic"
 },
 {
  "w": "financing",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪnænsɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪnænsɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "融资；资金筹措",
    "en": "the provision of money for a purchase, business, or project"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We need financing before we can open the bakery.",
    "zh": "我们需要先筹到资金，才能开这家面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to affordable financing allows small businesses to invest in cleaner technology and create local jobs.",
    "zh": "获得成本可负担的融资，让小企业能够投资清洁技术并创造本地就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "secure financing｜获得融资",
   "project financing｜项目融资",
   "financing costs｜融资成本"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "finance (n.)",
   "finance (v.)",
   "financial (adj.)",
   "financially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "funding"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指提供或筹措资金；金融学通常用finance。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "financing"
 },
 {
  "w": "heritage",
  "uk": "/ˈherɪtɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈherɪtɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文化遗产；传承",
    "en": "Traditions, buildings, and values passed down from earlier generations."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These old songs are part of our family heritage.",
    "zh": "这些老歌是我们家族传承的一部分。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting cultural heritage can strengthen community identity while attracting visitors who support local businesses.",
    "zh": "保护文化遗产能够增强社区认同感，同时吸引游客，支持当地商业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cultural heritage｜文化遗产",
   "preserve our heritage｜保护我们的遗产",
   "heritage site｜遗产地",
   "rich heritage｜丰富的历史文化遗产"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "legacy"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "多指文化与历史传承；个人继承财产常用inheritance。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "heritage"
 },
 {
  "w": "laborer",
  "uk": "/ˈleɪbərə/",
  "us": "/ˈleɪbərər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体力劳动者；劳工",
    "en": "Someone whose job involves hard physical work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A laborer carried heavy bricks across the building site.",
    "zh": "一名劳工扛着沉重的砖块穿过建筑工地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every construction laborer should receive safety training and suitable protective equipment before starting work on site.",
    "zh": "每位建筑劳工都应在进场工作前接受安全培训，并获得合适的防护装备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "manual laborer｜体力劳动者",
   "construction laborer｜建筑劳工",
   "farm laborer｜农场工人",
   "unskilled laborer｜非技术劳工"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "labor (n.)",
   "labor (v.)",
   "laborious (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "manual worker"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式拼写；英式为labourer，强调体力劳动。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "laborer"
 },
 {
  "w": "objection",
  "uk": "/əbˈdʒekʃən/",
  "us": "/əbˈdʒekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "反对；异议；反对理由",
    "en": "An expression of opposition, or a reason for opposing something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My only objection is that the tickets cost too much.",
    "zh": "我唯一的反对理由是票价太高。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents raised an objection to the proposed airport expansion because of its likely impact on noise levels.",
    "zh": "居民对拟议的机场扩建提出异议，因为这可能加剧噪声。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "raise an objection｜提出异议",
   "have no objection to｜不反对",
   "a strong objection｜强烈反对"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "object (v.)",
   "objector (n.)",
   "objectionable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "opposition"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "approval"
  ],
  "tip": "objection to中的to是介词，后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "objection"
 },
 {
  "w": "distinctly",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstɪŋktli/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstɪŋktli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "清楚地；分明地",
    "en": "in a way that is easy to perceive or remember"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "明显地；确实地",
    "en": "to a noticeable or unmistakable degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I distinctly remember leaving my keys beside the kettle.",
    "zh": "我清楚地记得把钥匙放在水壶旁边了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents felt distinctly safer after the council improved street lighting and introduced regular evening bus services.",
    "zh": "市政部门改善路灯并开通定时晚间公交后，居民明显感到更安全了。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "distinctly remember｜清楚地记得",
   "hear distinctly｜听得清楚",
   "distinctly different｜明显不同"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "distinct (adj.)",
   "distinction (n.)",
   "distinctness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clearly",
   "noticeably"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "vaguely",
   "indistinctly"
  ],
  "tip": "distinctly可修饰记忆、感知，也可强调程度。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "distinctly"
 },
 {
  "w": "gem",
  "uk": "/dʒem/",
  "us": "/dʒem/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宝石",
    "en": "a valuable stone, often cut and polished for jewellery"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "精品；难得的好人或事物",
    "en": "a person or thing of exceptional quality or value"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tiny blue gem sparkled in her silver ring.",
    "zh": "她银戒指上的那颗小蓝宝石闪闪发光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small regional museums often contain hidden gems that reveal important aspects of a community's cultural history.",
    "zh": "地方小型博物馆往往藏有鲜为人知的珍品，展现一个社区文化历史的重要方面。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "precious gem｜珍贵宝石",
   "hidden gem｜鲜为人知的珍品",
   "a gem of a book｜一本难得的好书"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gemstone (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "jewel"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hidden gem常指尚未广为人知的好地方或精品。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gem"
 },
 {
  "w": "unpaid",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈpeɪd/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈpeɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无报酬的",
    "en": "Done or working without receiving money."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "未支付的",
    "en": "Not yet paid or settled."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She does unpaid work at the animal shelter every Saturday.",
    "zh": "她每周六都在动物收容所做无偿工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unpaid internships can disadvantage students who cannot afford to work without a regular income.",
    "zh": "无薪实习可能使那些无法承受没有固定收入的学生处于不利地位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unpaid work｜无偿工作",
   "unpaid leave｜无薪假",
   "unpaid bills｜未付账单",
   "unpaid internship｜无薪实习"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pay (v.)",
   "paid (adj.)",
   "payment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "paid"
  ],
  "tip": "unpaid work指无偿工作；unpaid bills指未付账单。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unpaid"
 },
 {
  "w": "splendid",
  "uk": "/ˈsplendɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈsplendɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；出色的",
    "en": "Extremely good or impressive."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "壮丽的；华美的",
    "en": "Beautiful and impressive in appearance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had a splendid picnic beside the lake yesterday.",
    "zh": "我们昨天在湖边度过了一段美好的野餐时光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring historic gardens gives urban residents a splendid opportunity to enjoy nature and learn about local heritage.",
    "zh": "修复历史花园为城市居民提供了亲近自然、了解当地文化遗产的绝佳机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a splendid opportunity｜绝佳机会",
   "a splendid view｜壮丽景色",
   "a splendid job｜出色的工作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "splendidly (adv.)",
   "splendour (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "excellent",
   "magnificent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "terrible"
  ],
  "tip": "既可赞事物极好，也可形容景色壮丽。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "splendid"
 },
 {
  "w": "appropriate",
  "uk": "/əˈprəʊpriət/",
  "us": "/əˈproʊpriət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "合适的；恰当的",
    "en": "suitable for a particular situation or purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "擅自占用；挪用",
    "en": "to take something for your own use without permission"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拨款；拨出",
    "en": "to officially set aside money for a particular purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Are these shoes appropriate for a long mountain walk?",
    "zh": "这双鞋适合长时间山间徒步吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should provide appropriate training to help workers adapt to technological changes in the labour market.",
    "zh": "政府应提供适当培训，帮助劳动者适应劳动力市场中的技术变革。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "appropriate for｜适合于",
   "appropriate measures｜适当措施",
   "appropriate behaviour｜得体的行为",
   "appropriate funds for｜为……拨款"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "appropriately (adv.)",
   "appropriateness (n.)",
   "inappropriate (adj.)",
   "appropriation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "suitable",
   "fitting"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inappropriate",
   "unsuitable"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词词尾读/ət/，动词读/eɪt/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "appropriate"
 },
 {
  "w": "hardness",
  "uk": "/ˈhɑːdnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːrdnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "坚硬；硬度",
    "en": "How strongly a material resists scratching, cutting, or denting."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水的硬度",
    "en": "The amount of dissolved calcium and magnesium in water."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hardness of this wood makes it difficult to carve.",
    "zh": "这种木材硬度高，很难雕刻。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers assess the hardness of different materials before selecting suitable components for bridges and other major structures.",
    "zh": "工程师在为桥梁等大型结构选择合适的构件前，会评估不同材料的硬度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "surface hardness｜表面硬度",
   "water hardness｜水的硬度",
   "hardness test｜硬度测试"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hard (adj.)",
   "harden (v.)",
   "hardening (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "softness"
  ],
  "tip": "hardness 指硬度；hardship 才指困苦。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hardness"
 },
 {
  "w": "expectancy",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspektənsi/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspektənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "期待；期盼",
    "en": "A feeling that something pleasant or exciting will happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预期寿命；预计持续期",
    "en": "The expected length of life or duration of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children watched the curtain rise with eager expectancy.",
    "zh": "孩子们满怀期待地看着幕布升起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved sanitation and access to healthcare have increased life expectancy in many parts of the world.",
    "zh": "卫生条件的改善和医疗服务的普及提高了世界许多地区的人均预期寿命。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "life expectancy｜预期寿命",
   "an air of expectancy｜期待的气氛",
   "eager expectancy｜热切的期盼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expect (v.)",
   "expectation (n.)",
   "expectant (adj.)",
   "expectantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "anticipation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "life expectancy指预期寿命，不等于实际寿命。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expectancy"
 },
 {
  "w": "convenience",
  "uk": "/kənˈviːniəns/",
  "us": "/kənˈviːniəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方便；便利",
    "en": "The quality of being easy, useful, or suitable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "便利设施；方便的事物",
    "en": "Something that makes daily life easier."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I keep spare keys here for convenience when guests visit.",
    "zh": "我把备用钥匙放在这里，方便客人来访时使用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although online shopping offers convenience, it may encourage unnecessary spending and increase packaging waste.",
    "zh": "虽然网上购物带来了便利，但它可能助长不必要的消费，并增加包装垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "for convenience｜为了方便",
   "at your convenience｜在你方便时",
   "modern conveniences｜现代便利设施",
   "convenience store｜便利店"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "convenient (adj.)",
   "conveniently (adv.)",
   "inconvenience (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ease"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inconvenience"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“方便”通常不可数；形容词是convenient。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "convenience"
 },
 {
  "w": "editing",
  "uk": "/ˈedɪtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈedɪtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "编辑；校订；剪辑",
    "en": "Preparing writing, images, or recordings by correcting and arranging them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "编辑；剪辑",
    "en": "Correcting or arranging material to prepare it for use."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Editing these holiday videos took me all afternoon.",
    "zh": "剪辑这些假期视频花了我整整一个下午。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Careful editing helps researchers present complex findings clearly and makes academic articles easier to understand.",
    "zh": "仔细编辑有助于研究人员清晰地呈现复杂的发现，也让学术文章更易理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "video editing｜视频剪辑",
   "copy editing｜文字编辑",
   "editing software｜编辑软件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "edit (v.)",
   "editor (n.)",
   "editorial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可作名词，也可作edit的现在分词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "editing"
 },
 {
  "w": "fleet",
  "uk": "/fliːt/",
  "us": "/fliːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "舰队；船队",
    "en": "a group of ships controlled or operated together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "车队；机群",
    "en": "vehicles or aircraft owned or operated by one organisation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A fleet of fishing boats returned before sunset.",
    "zh": "一支捕鱼船队在日落前返航了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing the city's ageing bus fleet with electric vehicles could significantly reduce air pollution in residential areas.",
    "zh": "用电动车辆替换该市老旧的公交车队，可以显著减少居民区的空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fishing fleet｜捕鱼船队",
   "naval fleet｜海军舰队",
   "bus fleet｜公交车队",
   "a fleet of vehicles｜一支车队"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "集合名词；a fleet of可接船、车辆或飞机。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fleet"
 },
 {
  "w": "functional",
  "uk": "/ˈfʌŋkʃənəl/",
  "us": "/ˈfʌŋkʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "实用的；重功能的",
    "en": "designed to be useful rather than decorative"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "能正常运作的",
    "en": "working correctly and ready for use"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "功能上的",
    "en": "relating to the purpose or operation of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen is small but functional, with plenty of storage.",
    "zh": "这个厨房虽小却很实用，有充足的储物空间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public housing should provide functional living spaces that meet the daily needs of diverse households.",
    "zh": "公共住房应提供实用的居住空间，满足不同家庭的日常需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "functional design｜实用设计",
   "fully functional｜功能完备且运作正常的",
   "functional requirements｜功能要求"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "function (n.)",
   "function (v.)",
   "functionally (adv.)",
   "functionality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "practical",
   "utilitarian"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "nonfunctional"
  ],
  "tip": "functional可指实用，也可指设备能正常工作。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "functional"
 },
 {
  "w": "feast",
  "uk": "/fiːst/",
  "us": "/fiːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "盛宴；丰盛的一餐",
    "en": "A large, special meal with plenty of food."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "感官盛宴",
    "en": "Something that gives great pleasure to the senses."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "尽情享用；饱餐",
    "en": "To eat and enjoy a large amount of food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We prepared a feast for the whole family.",
    "zh": "我们为全家准备了一顿盛宴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional festivals often include a communal feast that strengthens relationships and preserves local food culture.",
    "zh": "传统节日常有集体宴席，既增进人际关系，也传承当地饮食文化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prepare a feast｜准备盛宴",
   "a feast for the eyes｜视觉盛宴",
   "feast on｜尽情享用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "feasting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "banquet"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用feast on，表示尽情享用某种食物。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "feast"
 },
 {
  "w": "plump",
  "uk": "/plʌmp/",
  "us": "/plʌmp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "丰满的；圆鼓鼓的",
    "en": "pleasantly round and full in shape"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拍松；使鼓起",
    "en": "to make a cushion or pillow fuller by shaking it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She picked a plump peach from the fruit bowl.",
    "zh": "她从果盘里挑了一个饱满的桃子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers often prefer plump fruit, although appearance alone is not a reliable indicator of nutritional value.",
    "zh": "消费者往往偏爱饱满的水果，但单凭外观并不能可靠地判断营养价值。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plump cheeks｜圆润的脸颊",
   "plump fruit｜饱满的水果",
   "plump up a pillow｜把枕头拍蓬松"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plumpness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rounded"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "thin"
  ],
  "tip": "比fat语气温和，但描述他人体型仍需谨慎。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plump"
 },
 {
  "w": "applicant",
  "uk": "/ˈæplɪkənt/",
  "us": "/ˈæplɪkənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "申请人",
    "en": "Someone who formally requests a job, place, or permission."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each applicant waited outside the office for an interview.",
    "zh": "每位申请人都在办公室外等候面试。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should assess each applicant fairly, considering both academic achievement and relevant personal experience.",
    "zh": "大学应公平评估每位申请人，兼顾学业成绩与相关个人经历。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "job applicant｜求职者",
   "successful applicant｜获录取的申请人",
   "applicant for a position｜职位申请人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "apply (v.)",
   "application (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "candidate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "申请某职位的人用 applicant for a position。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "applicant"
 },
 {
  "w": "disagreement",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪsəˈɡriːmənt/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪsəˈɡriːmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意见不合；争执",
    "en": "A difference of opinion or an argument about it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had a disagreement about whose turn it was.",
    "zh": "我们为该轮到谁了发生了争执。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Disagreement over public spending priorities is inevitable, but transparent discussions can help governments build broader support.",
    "zh": "在公共支出优先事项上出现分歧不可避免，但透明的讨论能帮助政府获得更广泛的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a disagreement over something｜关于某事的分歧",
   "a disagreement between｜…之间的分歧",
   "resolve a disagreement｜解决分歧",
   "be in disagreement｜意见不一致"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disagree (v.)",
   "agree (v.)",
   "agreement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "difference of opinion",
   "dispute"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "agreement",
   "consensus"
  ],
  "tip": "具体争执可数；泛指意见不合时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disagreement"
 },
 {
  "w": "productive",
  "uk": "/prəˈdʌktɪv/",
  "us": "/prəˈdʌktɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "富有成效的；高效的",
    "en": "achieving a lot or producing useful results"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "高产的；生产力强的",
    "en": "producing large amounts of crops, goods, or other outputs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I had a productive morning and finished my report.",
    "zh": "我上午效率很高，完成了报告。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working arrangements can help employees remain productive while balancing professional responsibilities with family commitments.",
    "zh": "灵活的工作安排可以帮助员工兼顾工作职责和家庭义务，同时保持高效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a productive discussion｜富有成效的讨论",
   "a productive day｜高效的一天",
   "productive farmland｜高产农田"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "produce (v.)",
   "production (n.)",
   "productivity (n.)",
   "productively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fruitful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unproductive"
  ],
  "tip": "形容工作或讨论有成果；产量或效率用productivity。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "productive"
 },
 {
  "w": "misery",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪzəri/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪzəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "痛苦；悲惨",
    "en": "great unhappiness or suffering"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "穷困；悲惨的生活",
    "en": "extremely poor and uncomfortable living conditions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The constant noise made her life a misery.",
    "zh": "持续不断的噪声让她苦不堪言。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving access to affordable housing can reduce the misery experienced by families living in overcrowded temporary accommodation.",
    "zh": "改善可负担住房的供应，可以减轻住在拥挤临时住所中的家庭所承受的痛苦。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cause misery｜造成痛苦",
   "live in misery｜生活悲惨",
   "make someone's life a misery｜使某人苦不堪言"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "miserable (adj.)",
   "miserably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "suffering",
   "unhappiness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "happiness",
   "joy"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；a misery可指令人痛苦的处境。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "misery"
 },
 {
  "w": "elder",
  "uk": "/ˈeldə/",
  "us": "/ˈeldɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "年龄较大的；年长的",
    "en": "Older than another person, especially within the same family"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "长辈；长者",
    "en": "An older person, especially one respected within a community"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My elder sister taught me how to ride a bicycle.",
    "zh": "我姐姐教会了我骑自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community elders can help preserve local traditions by sharing their knowledge and experiences with younger generations.",
    "zh": "社区长者可以通过向年轻一代分享知识和经历，帮助传承当地传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "elder brother｜哥哥",
   "elder sister｜姐姐",
   "community elders｜社区长者",
   "respect your elders｜尊重长辈"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "elderly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "older",
   "senior"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "younger"
  ],
  "tip": "elder 多放在亲属名词前；比较年龄用 older than。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elder"
 },
 {
  "w": "consequence",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnsəkwens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结果；后果",
    "en": "Something that happens because of an action or situation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重要性",
    "en": "The quality of being important or worth considering."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Missing the last bus was a consequence of leaving late.",
    "zh": "错过末班车是出发太晚造成的结果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "One serious consequence of rapid urban growth is increased pressure on public transport and housing.",
    "zh": "城市快速扩张的一个严重后果是公共交通和住房承受的压力增大。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "as a consequence｜因此",
   "face the consequences｜面对后果",
   "of little consequence｜无关紧要"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consequent (adj.)",
   "consequently (adv.)",
   "consequential (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "result",
   "outcome"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "as a consequence of后接原因，意为“由于”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consequence"
 },
 {
  "w": "ornament",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːnəmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːrnəmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "装饰品；饰物",
    "en": "An object used to make something look more attractive."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "装饰；点缀",
    "en": "To decorate something with attractive objects or details."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small glass ornament sparkled on the wooden shelf.",
    "zh": "木架上的一件小玻璃饰品闪闪发亮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional ornaments displayed in local museums can reveal how earlier communities expressed cultural identity through decorative objects.",
    "zh": "当地博物馆展出的传统饰品，可以揭示过去的社区如何通过装饰物表达文化认同。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "glass ornament｜玻璃饰品",
   "decorative ornament｜装饰物",
   "ornament something with｜用……装饰某物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ornamental (adj.)",
   "ornamentation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "decoration",
   "adornment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在首音节；动词末音节读/ment/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ornament"
 },
 {
  "w": "fabulous",
  "uk": "/ˈfæbjələs/",
  "us": "/ˈfæbjələs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；绝妙的",
    "en": "Extremely good, enjoyable, or impressive."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巨大的；惊人的",
    "en": "Remarkably large in amount, value, or extent."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "传说中的",
    "en": "Existing in traditional stories rather than in reality."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had a fabulous picnic beside the lake yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们在湖边度过了一段美妙的野餐时光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although tourism can generate fabulous wealth, its economic benefits are not always shared fairly among local residents.",
    "zh": "尽管旅游业能创造巨额财富，其经济收益却并非总能在当地居民之间公平分配。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fabulous time｜极其愉快的时光",
   "look fabulous｜看起来美极了",
   "fabulous wealth｜巨额财富"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fabulously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wonderful",
   "fantastic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "terrible"
  ],
  "tip": "表“极好的”多用于非正式语境，语气较强。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fabulous"
 },
 {
  "w": "warrior",
  "uk": "/ˈwɒriə/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːriər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "战士；勇士",
    "en": "A person experienced in fighting, especially in the past."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displayed armour worn by an ancient warrior.",
    "zh": "博物馆展出了古代战士穿过的盔甲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional stories about warriors can reveal how past societies understood courage, loyalty, and leadership.",
    "zh": "关于战士的传统故事能够揭示过去的社会如何理解勇气、忠诚与领导力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ancient warrior｜古代战士",
   "brave warrior｜勇敢的战士",
   "warrior culture｜战士文化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "war (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fighter",
   "soldier"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用于古代战士；现代军人通常用soldier。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "warrior"
 },
 {
  "w": "literally",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪtərəli/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪtərəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "按字面意思地",
    "en": "According to the exact, ordinary meaning of the words."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "确实地；真正地",
    "en": "Used to stress that something is actually true."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He took my advice literally and bought a bigger plate.",
    "zh": "他按字面理解了我的建议，买了一个更大的盘子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Translating idioms literally can confuse language learners because their meanings often depend on cultural context.",
    "zh": "直译习语可能让语言学习者困惑，因为其含义往往取决于文化语境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take something literally｜按字面理解某事",
   "translate literally｜直译",
   "literally true｜确实属实"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "literal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "figuratively"
  ],
  "tip": "口语可用于夸张；正式写作宜保留字面或确实义。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "literally"
 },
 {
  "w": "detection",
  "uk": "/dɪˈtekʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˈtekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发现；探测；检测",
    "en": "The act of discovering or noticing something difficult to find."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Early detection of the leak saved us expensive repairs.",
    "zh": "及早发现漏水，省去了我们高昂的维修费用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in medical imaging have improved the early detection of diseases, allowing patients to receive treatment sooner.",
    "zh": "医学影像技术的进步改善了疾病的早期检测，使患者能够更早接受治疗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "early detection｜早期发现",
   "avoid detection｜躲避察觉",
   "fraud detection｜欺诈检测",
   "smoke detection｜烟雾探测"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "detect (v.)",
   "detector (n.)",
   "detectable (adj.)",
   "undetectable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "discovery",
   "identification"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；detection of后接被发现或检测的对象。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "detection"
 },
 {
  "w": "shipment",
  "uk": "/ˈʃɪpmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈʃɪpmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一批货物",
    "en": "A quantity of goods sent together to a destination."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "装运；运输",
    "en": "The process of sending goods from one place to another."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop received a fresh shipment of apples today.",
    "zh": "这家店今天收到了一批新运来的苹果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Delays in the shipment of essential materials can increase production costs and disrupt international supply chains.",
    "zh": "关键材料的运输延误可能增加生产成本，并扰乱国际供应链。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a shipment of goods｜一批货物",
   "receive a shipment｜收到一批货物",
   "ready for shipment｜准备好发运"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ship (v.)",
   "shipping (n.)",
   "shipper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "consignment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指一批货物时可数；指装运过程时不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shipment"
 },
 {
  "w": "survivor",
  "uk": "/səˈvaɪvə/",
  "us": "/sərˈvaɪvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "幸存者",
    "en": "Someone who remains alive after danger, illness, or disaster."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Rescuers pulled a survivor from the flooded house.",
    "zh": "救援人员从被淹的房屋中救出了一名幸存者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every disaster survivor should have access to safe housing, medical treatment, and long-term psychological support.",
    "zh": "每位灾难幸存者都应能获得安全住所、医疗服务和长期心理支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sole survivor｜唯一幸存者",
   "earthquake survivor｜地震幸存者",
   "cancer survivor｜癌症幸存者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "survive (v.)",
   "survival (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "survivor指人；survival指幸存或生存。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "survivor"
 },
 {
  "w": "foam",
  "uk": "/fəʊm/",
  "us": "/foʊm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "泡沫",
    "en": "a mass of small bubbles on or in a liquid"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "泡沫材料",
    "en": "a light material containing many tiny air pockets"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "起泡沫",
    "en": "to produce a mass of small bubbles"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "White foam covered my hands as I washed the dishes.",
    "zh": "洗碗时，白色泡沫盖满了我的双手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Manufacturers often use foam packaging to protect fragile goods, although some types are difficult to recycle.",
    "zh": "制造商常用泡沫包装保护易碎商品，但某些泡沫材料难以回收。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shaving foam｜剃须泡沫",
   "sea foam｜海浪泡沫",
   "foam packaging｜泡沫包装",
   "foam rubber｜泡沫橡胶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "foamy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "froth"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "foam作泡沫或泡沫材料时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "foam"
 },
 {
  "w": "enormously",
  "uk": "/ɪˈnɔːməsli/",
  "us": "/ɪˈnɔːrməsli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "极其；非常；巨大地",
    "en": "to a very great degree or extent"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your help made this difficult move enormously easier.",
    "zh": "你的帮助让这次艰难的搬家轻松了许多。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable public transport can benefit low-income households enormously by reducing their daily travel costs.",
    "zh": "价格实惠的公共交通可以降低日常出行成本，使低收入家庭大大受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enormously successful｜极为成功",
   "benefit enormously｜受益极大",
   "vary enormously｜差异极大"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enormous (adj.)",
   "enormity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "immensely",
   "hugely",
   "greatly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "slightly"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰形容词或动词，表示程度极高。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enormously"
 },
 {
  "w": "viewpoint",
  "uk": "/ˈvjuːpɔɪnt/",
  "us": "/ˈvjuːpɔɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "观点；看法",
    "en": "a particular way of thinking about an issue"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "观景点",
    "en": "a place offering a good view of surrounding scenery"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Hearing your story helped me understand your viewpoint.",
    "zh": "听了你的经历，我更能理解你的看法了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Considering an issue from another person's viewpoint can help communities resolve disagreements more effectively.",
    "zh": "从他人的角度考虑问题，可以帮助社区更有效地解决分歧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "from my viewpoint｜从我的角度看",
   "express a viewpoint｜表达观点",
   "opposing viewpoints｜对立的观点"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "view (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "perspective",
   "standpoint"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“从某人的角度看”时，搭配 from。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "viewpoint"
 },
 {
  "w": "damp",
  "uk": "/dæmp/",
  "us": "/dæmp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "潮湿的；微湿的",
    "en": "Slightly wet, often in an unpleasant way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "潮气；湿气",
    "en": "Unwanted moisture in the air, walls, or other surfaces."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弄湿；抑制",
    "en": "To make slightly wet or reduce strength or activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My socks are still damp from yesterday's walk.",
    "zh": "昨天散步后，我的袜子到现在还潮乎乎的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Living in damp conditions can worsen respiratory problems, particularly among children and older people.",
    "zh": "居住环境潮湿可能加重呼吸系统问题，儿童和老年人尤其容易受影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a damp cloth｜湿布",
   "damp walls｜潮湿的墙壁",
   "rising damp｜沿墙上升的地面湿气",
   "damp down｜抑制；减弱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dampness (n.)",
   "dampen (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "moist"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dry"
  ],
  "tip": "damp多指令人不适的微湿；moist可用于食物润泽。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "damp"
 },
 {
  "w": "colony",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒləni/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːləni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "殖民地",
    "en": "a territory governed by another country"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "群居动物群；菌落",
    "en": "a group of animals or microorganisms living together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The island was once a colony of a distant kingdom.",
    "zh": "这座岛曾是一个遥远王国的殖民地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historical records reveal how trade policies shaped the economy of the colony over several decades.",
    "zh": "历史记录揭示了贸易政策如何在数十年间塑造该殖民地的经济。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a former colony｜前殖民地",
   "an ant colony｜蚁群",
   "a breeding colony｜繁殖群落"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "colonial (adj.)",
   "colonise (v.)",
   "colonisation (n.)",
   "colonist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指殖民地，也可指蚁群、鸟群或菌落。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "colony"
 },
 {
  "w": "concise",
  "uk": "/kənˈsaɪs/",
  "us": "/kənˈsaɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "简明扼要的",
    "en": "Expressing information clearly in few words, without unnecessary detail."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her concise directions helped us find the station easily.",
    "zh": "她简明的指路说明让我们轻松找到了车站。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear and concise public health advice enables people to understand risks and make informed decisions quickly.",
    "zh": "清晰简明的公共卫生建议使人们能够了解风险，并迅速作出明智决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clear and concise｜清晰简洁的",
   "concise summary｜简明摘要",
   "concise explanation｜简明解释"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "concisely (adv.)",
   "conciseness (n.)",
   "concision (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "succinct",
   "brief"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "wordy",
   "verbose"
  ],
  "tip": "不仅指短，还强调信息清楚且无赘述。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "concise"
 },
 {
  "w": "attendance",
  "uk": "/əˈtendəns/",
  "us": "/əˈtendəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "出席；到场",
    "en": "The act of being present at an event or place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "出席人数",
    "en": "The number of people present at an event."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher checks attendance at the start of every lesson.",
    "zh": "我们的老师每节课开始时都会点名。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular school attendance is associated with stronger academic performance and better opportunities for social development.",
    "zh": "按时到校与更好的学业表现及更多社交发展机会相关。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "school attendance｜到校出勤",
   "attendance rate｜出勤率",
   "poor attendance｜出勤率低",
   "compulsory attendance｜强制出席"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attend (v.)",
   "attendee (n.)",
   "attendant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "absence"
  ],
  "tip": "attend后直接接活动；attendance后常接at。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attendance"
 },
 {
  "w": "diverse",
  "uk": "/daɪˈvɜːs/",
  "us": "/daɪˈvɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多种多样的；不同的",
    "en": "Including many different kinds of people or things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our garden attracts a diverse range of colourful birds.",
    "zh": "我们家的花园吸引了各种色彩鲜艳的鸟儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A culturally diverse workforce can bring fresh perspectives and improve an organisation's ability to solve problems.",
    "zh": "文化背景多元的员工队伍可以带来新视角，提高组织解决问题的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "diverse backgrounds｜不同的背景",
   "diverse range｜多种多样",
   "culturally diverse｜文化多元的",
   "diverse needs｜多样化的需求"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "diversity (n.)",
   "diversify (v.)",
   "diversification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "varied",
   "wide-ranging"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uniform",
   "homogeneous"
  ],
  "tip": "diverse强调种类多或差异大，常修饰群体或范围。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diverse"
 },
 {
  "w": "repetition",
  "uk": "/ˌrepəˈtɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌrepəˈtɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重复；反复",
    "en": "Doing or saying something again, often several times"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Through daily repetition, I finally remembered the whole song.",
    "zh": "通过每天反复练习，我终于记住了整首歌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular repetition can help language learners remember new vocabulary, especially when combined with meaningful practice.",
    "zh": "定期重复有助于语言学习者记住新词汇，尤其是在结合有意义的练习时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "constant repetition｜不断重复",
   "avoid repetition｜避免重复",
   "learn through repetition｜通过反复练习学习"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "repeat (v.)",
   "repetitive (adj.)",
   "repeatedly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "repetition强调重复；rehearsal指演出前的排练。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "repetition"
 },
 {
  "w": "importer",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpɔːtə/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpɔːrtɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "进口商；进口国",
    "en": "A person, company, or country buying goods from abroad."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The importer showed us coffee beans from several countries.",
    "zh": "那位进口商向我们展示了来自多个国家的咖啡豆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A country that becomes a major food importer may face greater exposure to international price fluctuations.",
    "zh": "一个成为主要粮食进口国的国家可能更容易受到国际价格波动的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "major importer｜主要进口商；主要进口国",
   "net importer｜净进口国",
   "food importer｜食品进口商"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "import (v.)",
   "import (n.)",
   "importation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "exporter"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指进口商，也可指进口商品的国家。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "importer"
 },
 {
  "w": "presence",
  "uk": "/ˈprezns/",
  "us": "/ˈprezns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "在场；出席",
    "en": "The state of being in a particular place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "存在",
    "en": "The fact that something exists in a place or situation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "气场；风度",
    "en": "A quality that makes someone noticeable and impressive."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her presence at the concert made her daughter smile.",
    "zh": "她来到音乐会现场，女儿见了露出笑容。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The presence of green spaces in urban neighbourhoods can improve residents' physical and mental health.",
    "zh": "城市社区中的绿地可以改善居民的身心健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in someone's presence｜当着某人的面",
   "the presence of｜……的存在",
   "stage presence｜舞台表现力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "present (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "absence"
  ],
  "tip": "in someone's presence指当着某人的面。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "presence"
 },
 {
  "w": "recreation",
  "uk": "/ˌrekriˈeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌrekriˈeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "娱乐；消遣",
    "en": "Activities done for enjoyment and relaxation when not working."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I swim for recreation at the local leisure centre.",
    "zh": "我在当地休闲中心游泳消遣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to green spaces encourages outdoor recreation and can improve both physical health and mental wellbeing.",
    "zh": "能够方便地使用绿地有助于鼓励户外休闲活动，并可改善身心健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "outdoor recreation｜户外休闲活动",
   "recreation centre｜文娱活动中心",
   "for recreation｜为了消遣",
   "recreation facilities｜休闲设施"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recreational (adj.)",
   "recreationally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "leisure",
   "relaxation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示休闲娱乐通常不可数；别与re-creation重新创造混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recreation"
 },
 {
  "w": "insight",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnsaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnsaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洞察力；深入了解",
    "en": "a clear, deep understanding of a person or situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Helping at the bakery gave me insight into running a business.",
    "zh": "在面包店帮忙让我深入了解了如何经营一家店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Interviews with local residents provide valuable insight into how urban redevelopment affects community relationships and daily routines.",
    "zh": "对当地居民的访谈有助于深入了解城市改造如何影响社区关系和日常生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "insight into｜对……的深入了解",
   "gain insight｜获得深入了解",
   "provide insight｜提供深刻见解",
   "valuable insight｜宝贵的见解"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "insightful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "understanding",
   "perception"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用insight into；泛指理解力时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "insight"
 },
 {
  "w": "cite",
  "uk": "/saɪt/",
  "us": "/saɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "引用；引证",
    "en": "To mention a source or example supporting a statement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "举出；列举",
    "en": "To give something as a reason or explanation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please cite the book you used for your project.",
    "zh": "请注明你做项目时参考的那本书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers often cite access to green spaces as an important factor in improving urban residents' mental health.",
    "zh": "研究人员经常指出，能否方便地使用绿地是改善城市居民心理健康的重要因素。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cite evidence｜引用证据",
   "cite a source｜注明来源",
   "cite an example｜举例",
   "cite as a reason｜列为理由"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "citation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "quote",
   "reference",
   "mention"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cite是引用；site是地点；sight是视力，三者同音。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cite"
 },
 {
  "w": "riverside",
  "uk": "/ˈrɪvəsaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈrɪvərsaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "河边；河畔",
    "en": "The area of land beside a river."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked along the riverside after a late lunch.",
    "zh": "我们吃过午饭后，沿着河边散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving access to the riverside can create attractive public spaces and encourage residents to exercise outdoors.",
    "zh": "改善通往河畔的通道可以打造宜人的公共空间，鼓励居民进行户外锻炼。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "along the riverside｜沿着河边",
   "a riverside walk｜河畔步道",
   "a riverside park｜河滨公园"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "river (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "riverbank"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常作名词定语，如 a riverside park（河滨公园）。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "riverside"
 },
 {
  "w": "crumb",
  "uk": "/krʌm/",
  "us": "/krʌm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "面包屑；糕饼屑",
    "en": "A tiny piece that breaks off bread, cake, or biscuits"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "少许；点滴",
    "en": "A very small amount of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A crumb fell from my toast onto the table.",
    "zh": "一粒面包屑从我的吐司上掉到了桌上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even small food scraps, such as bread crumbs, can attract pests when waste is poorly managed.",
    "zh": "如果垃圾处理不当，即使是面包屑这样的小块食物残渣，也会招来害虫。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bread crumbs｜面包屑",
   "biscuit crumbs｜饼干屑",
   "a crumb of comfort｜一丝安慰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crumble (v.)",
   "crumbly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；表示面包屑时常用复数crumbs。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crumb"
 },
 {
  "w": "steep",
  "uk": "/stiːp/",
  "us": "/stiːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "陡峭的",
    "en": "rising or falling at a sharp angle"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "急剧的；价格过高的",
    "en": "describing a sharp change or an unusually high price"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "浸泡",
    "en": "to leave something in liquid to release flavour or soften it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We pushed our bikes up the steep hill.",
    "zh": "我们推着自行车爬上了陡坡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A steep rise in housing costs can force young workers to move away from major cities.",
    "zh": "住房成本急剧上涨可能迫使年轻劳动者离开大城市。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "steep slope｜陡坡",
   "steep rise｜急剧上升",
   "steep decline｜急剧下降",
   "steep prices｜过高的价格"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "steeply (adv.)",
   "steepness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "gentle"
  ],
  "tip": "steep既形容坡陡，也形容价格高或变化剧烈。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "steep"
 },
 {
  "w": "deprive",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpraɪv/",
  "us": "/dɪˈpraɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "剥夺；使丧失",
    "en": "to prevent someone from having something they need or value"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The noisy roadworks deprived us of sleep all week.",
    "zh": "吵闹的道路施工让我们整个星期都睡不好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unequal access to technology can deprive disadvantaged students of valuable opportunities to develop essential digital skills.",
    "zh": "获取技术资源的机会不平等，可能使弱势学生失去培养必要数字技能的宝贵机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deprive someone of something｜剥夺某人的某物",
   "deprive someone of sleep｜使某人无法睡眠",
   "deprive someone of opportunities｜使某人失去机会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deprivation (n.)",
   "deprived (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "固定结构deprive sb of sth，介词用of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deprive"
 },
 {
  "w": "deed",
  "uk": "/diːd/",
  "us": "/diːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行为；事迹",
    "en": "an action, especially one that is notably good or bad"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "契据；产权证书",
    "en": "a legal document proving ownership or recording an agreement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Helping our neighbour carry groceries was a kind deed.",
    "zh": "帮邻居提食品杂货是一桩善举。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recognising good deeds in schools can encourage students to take greater responsibility for their local communities.",
    "zh": "学校表彰善举，可以鼓励学生为所在社区承担更多责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a good deed｜善举",
   "heroic deeds｜英勇事迹",
   "title deeds｜产权契据",
   "in word and deed｜在言语和行动上"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "act",
   "action"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示行为时较正式；房产契据常用复数deeds。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deed"
 },
 {
  "w": "disturb",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstɜːb/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstɜːrb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打扰；妨碍",
    "en": "to interrupt someone's activity, rest, or peace"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使不安",
    "en": "to make someone feel worried or upset"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弄乱；扰动",
    "en": "to move or change something from its usual position"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please close the door quietly so you don't disturb Dad.",
    "zh": "请轻轻关门，别打扰爸爸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Construction noise can disturb nearby residents and reduce their quality of life over time.",
    "zh": "施工噪声可能打扰附近居民，并逐渐降低他们的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disturb someone's sleep｜打扰某人睡眠",
   "deeply disturbed｜深感不安的",
   "disturb the peace｜扰乱安宁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disturbance (n.)",
   "disturbing (adj.)",
   "disturbed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "interrupt",
   "unsettle"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "disturb强调打扰或使不安；interrupt强调中断。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disturb"
 },
 {
  "w": "launch",
  "uk": "/lɔːntʃ/",
  "us": "/lɔːntʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推出；发起",
    "en": "To introduce a product or start an organised activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发射；使船下水",
    "en": "To send something into space or put a boat into water."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推出；发射；下水",
    "en": "The act of introducing something or sending it into motion."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our local bakery launched a new delivery service yesterday.",
    "zh": "我们当地的面包店昨天推出了新的送货服务。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should launch awareness campaigns to encourage healthier eating habits and reduce food waste among students.",
    "zh": "学校应开展宣传活动，鼓励学生养成更健康的饮食习惯，并减少食物浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "launch a campaign｜发起活动",
   "launch a product｜推出产品",
   "launch a satellite｜发射卫星",
   "product launch｜产品发布"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "relaunch (v.)",
   "launcher (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "推出产品、发起活动和发射卫星都可用launch。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "launch"
 },
 {
  "w": "awkward",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːkwəd/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːkwərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "尴尬的；令人不自在的",
    "en": "making you feel embarrassed or uncomfortable"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "笨拙的；难操作的",
    "en": "moving clumsily or difficult to handle"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "棘手的；难处理的",
    "en": "difficult to deal with or manage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There was an awkward silence after I forgot her name.",
    "zh": "我忘了她的名字，随后出现了一阵尴尬的沉默。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working arrangements can help parents manage awkward schedules without sacrificing their career opportunities.",
    "zh": "灵活的工作安排可以帮助家长应对难以协调的日程，而不必牺牲职业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an awkward silence｜尴尬的沉默",
   "feel awkward｜感到不自在",
   "an awkward question｜难回答的问题",
   "an awkward position｜难堪的处境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "awkwardly (adv.)",
   "awkwardness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "awkward可指社交尴尬，也可指动作笨拙。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "awkward"
 },
 {
  "w": "ward",
  "uk": "/wɔːd/",
  "us": "/wɔːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "病房；病区",
    "en": "a hospital room or section for patients receiving similar care"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行政区；选区",
    "en": "a local district used for administration or elections"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "受监护人",
    "en": "a person legally protected by a guardian or court"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A nurse brought fresh blankets into the children's ward.",
    "zh": "一名护士把干净的毯子送进了儿科病房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding hospital wards alone will not improve healthcare unless sufficient trained staff are also available.",
    "zh": "如果没有足够的专业医护人员，仅扩建医院病区并不能改善医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hospital ward｜医院病房",
   "maternity ward｜产科病房",
   "electoral ward｜选区",
   "ward off infection｜抵御感染"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词通常用ward off，表示抵挡、避开。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ward"
 },
 {
  "w": "boost",
  "uk": "/buːst/",
  "us": "/buːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "促进；提高",
    "en": "to increase or improve something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推动；促进；增加",
    "en": "something that helps increase or improve something else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A short walk can boost your energy after lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭后散一小会儿步能让你更有精神。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in reliable public transport can boost local employment and improve access to essential services.",
    "zh": "投资建设可靠的公共交通能促进当地就业，并让人们更容易获得基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "boost confidence｜增强信心",
   "boost the economy｜提振经济",
   "boost sales｜提高销量",
   "give something a boost｜推动某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "booster (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "increase",
   "improve",
   "enhance"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reduce"
  ],
  "tip": "作及物动词，直接接销量、信心等宾语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "boost"
 },
 {
  "w": "indicate",
  "uk": "/ˈɪndɪkeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪndɪkeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表明；显示",
    "en": "to show that something exists or is likely"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "指出；指示",
    "en": "to direct attention to something, often by pointing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These dark clouds indicate that rain is coming.",
    "zh": "这些乌云表明快要下雨了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recent surveys indicate that affordable housing remains a major concern for young adults in urban areas.",
    "zh": "近期调查表明，经济适用住房仍是城市年轻人十分关心的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "indicate a need｜表明有需要",
   "clearly indicate｜清楚表明",
   "indicate that｜表明……"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "indication (n.)",
   "indicator (n.)",
   "indicative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "show",
   "signal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“表明……”时，常接that从句。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indicate"
 },
 {
  "w": "exceptional",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈsepʃənəl/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsepʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "杰出的；非凡的",
    "en": "far better than usual"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "罕见的；特殊的",
    "en": "unusual and outside normal circumstances"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The young violinist gave an exceptional performance last night.",
    "zh": "那位年轻的小提琴手昨晚的演奏十分出色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students with exceptional ability may require additional challenges to remain engaged in classroom learning.",
    "zh": "能力出众的学生可能需要更有挑战性的任务，才能持续投入课堂学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exceptional ability｜非凡的能力",
   "exceptional circumstances｜特殊情况",
   "exceptional performance｜出色的表现"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exception (n.)",
   "exceptionally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "outstanding",
   "extraordinary"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ordinary",
   "mediocre"
  ],
  "tip": "常指特别优秀；exceptional circumstances指特殊情况。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exceptional"
 },
 {
  "w": "depth",
  "uk": "/depθ/",
  "us": "/depθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "深度",
    "en": "The distance from a surface to the bottom."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "深刻；深入程度",
    "en": "The degree of detail, understanding, or seriousness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Check the depth before you jump into the pool.",
    "zh": "跳进泳池前先确认水深。"
   },
   {
    "en": "University courses should encourage students to explore complex environmental issues in greater depth.",
    "zh": "大学课程应鼓励学生更深入地探讨复杂的环境问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "water depth｜水深",
   "in depth｜深入地",
   "depth of knowledge｜知识的深度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deep (adj.)",
   "deeply (adv.)",
   "deepen (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "shallowness"
  ],
  "tip": "in depth表示“深入地”，不是“在深处”。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "depth"
 },
 {
  "w": "icon",
  "uk": "/ˈaɪkɒn/",
  "us": "/ˈaɪkɑːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "图标",
    "en": "a small screen image representing a program, file, or function"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "代表性人物或事物；偶像",
    "en": "a widely admired person or thing representing something important"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宗教圣像",
    "en": "a sacred image used in some Christian traditions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Tap the camera icon to take a quick photo.",
    "zh": "点一下相机图标，快速拍张照片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A familiar cultural icon can attract international visitors and strengthen a city's identity in tourism campaigns.",
    "zh": "一个广为人知的文化象征可以吸引国际游客，并在旅游宣传中强化城市特色。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "click an icon｜点击图标",
   "desktop icon｜桌面图标",
   "cultural icon｜文化象征",
   "fashion icon｜时尚偶像"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "iconic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指屏幕图标，也可指有代表性的偶像或文化象征。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "icon"
 },
 {
  "w": "risky",
  "uk": "/ˈrɪski/",
  "us": "/ˈrɪski/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有风险的；危险的",
    "en": "involving a chance of harm, failure, or loss"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It is risky to cycle home without lights.",
    "zh": "骑车回家时不开车灯很危险。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing all public funds in a single industry is risky because economic conditions can change unexpectedly.",
    "zh": "将所有公共资金投入单一产业风险很大，因为经济形势可能发生意外变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a risky investment｜高风险投资",
   "risky behaviour｜冒险行为",
   "a risky strategy｜有风险的策略",
   "highly risky｜风险很高的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "risk (n.)",
   "risk (v.)",
   "riskiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dangerous",
   "hazardous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "safe"
  ],
  "tip": "常用It is risky to do sth表示做某事有风险。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "risky"
 },
 {
  "w": "preservation",
  "uk": "/ˌprezəˈveɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌprezərˈveɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保护；维护；保存",
    "en": "The act of keeping something safe from damage or loss."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "食品保藏",
    "en": "The process of treating food to prevent it from spoiling."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These old photographs need careful preservation to prevent further damage.",
    "zh": "这些老照片需要妥善保存，以免进一步受损。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The preservation of historic buildings can strengthen local identity while attracting visitors and supporting small businesses.",
    "zh": "保护历史建筑可以增强地方认同感，同时吸引游客并扶持小企业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heritage preservation｜遗产保护",
   "food preservation｜食品保藏",
   "a state of preservation｜保存状况"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "preserve (v.)",
   "preservative (n.)",
   "preserved (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "protection",
   "conservation"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "destruction"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；the preservation of后接保护对象。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "preservation"
 },
 {
  "w": "steer",
  "uk": "/stɪə/",
  "us": "/stɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "驾驶；掌舵；控制方向",
    "en": "To control the direction in which a vehicle moves."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "引导",
    "en": "To guide someone's actions or the development of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阉公牛",
    "en": "A male cow castrated and usually raised for meat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She carefully steered the boat away from the rocks.",
    "zh": "她小心地驾驶小船，避开了岩石。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments can steer investment towards renewable energy by offering financial incentives and establishing clear environmental standards.",
    "zh": "政府可以通过提供经济激励和制定明确的环境标准，引导资金投向可再生能源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "steer a boat｜驾驶小船",
   "steer clear of｜避开",
   "steer the conversation｜引导谈话"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "steering (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "guide",
   "direct"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "steer clear of表示避开某人或某事。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "steer"
 },
 {
  "w": "commercial",
  "uk": "/kəˈmɜːʃəl/",
  "us": "/kəˈmɝːʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "商业的；营利的",
    "en": "Related to business or intended to make money."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电视或广播广告",
    "en": "An advertisement broadcast on television or radio."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This street has homes above its commercial premises.",
    "zh": "这条街的商业用房上面是住宅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Commercial development can create jobs, but it should not come at the expense of public green spaces.",
    "zh": "商业开发能够创造就业机会，但不应以牺牲公共绿地为代价。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commercial development｜商业开发",
   "commercial success｜商业上的成功",
   "commercial purposes｜商业用途",
   "a television commercial｜电视广告"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "commerce (n.)",
   "commercially (adv.)",
   "commercialise (v.)",
   "commercialisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "non-commercial"
  ],
  "tip": "作名词指电视或广播广告，不泛指所有广告。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commercial"
 },
 {
  "w": "casualty",
  "uk": "/ˈkæʒuəlti/",
  "us": "/ˈkæʒuəlti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "伤亡人员",
    "en": "Someone injured or killed in an accident, conflict, or disaster."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "受害者；牺牲品",
    "en": "Someone or something harmed by a situation or change."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The ambulance took the casualty to a nearby hospital.",
    "zh": "救护车把伤者送往附近的医院。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved building standards can reduce the number of casualties when earthquakes strike densely populated urban areas.",
    "zh": "当地震袭击人口稠密的城市地区时，提高建筑标准可以减少伤亡人数。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "civilian casualties｜平民伤亡",
   "heavy casualties｜惨重伤亡",
   "a casualty of the recession｜经济衰退的受害者"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "victim"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "包括受伤者和死者，不等于仅指死亡的fatality。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "casualty"
 },
 {
  "w": "curiosity",
  "uk": "/ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/",
  "us": "/ˌkjʊriˈɑːsəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "好奇心；求知欲",
    "en": "a strong desire to learn or know about something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奇珍；稀奇物品",
    "en": "an unusual object that attracts interest"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Curiosity led me to open the dusty wooden box.",
    "zh": "好奇心驱使我打开了那个积满灰尘的木盒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should encourage children's curiosity by allowing them to investigate questions through practical experiments.",
    "zh": "学校应让孩子通过动手实验探究问题，从而激发他们的求知欲。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "arouse curiosity｜引起好奇心",
   "satisfy your curiosity｜满足好奇心",
   "out of curiosity｜出于好奇"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "curious (adj.)",
   "curiously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inquisitiveness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "indifference"
  ],
  "tip": "表示好奇心时不可数；表示稀奇物品时可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "curiosity"
 },
 {
  "w": "steel",
  "uk": "/stiːl/",
  "us": "/stiːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钢；钢材",
    "en": "A strong metal made mainly from iron and some carbon"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使做好应对困难的准备",
    "en": "To prepare yourself mentally for something difficult or unpleasant"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new bridge has a frame made of steel.",
    "zh": "这座新桥的框架是钢制的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recycling steel can reduce demand for raw materials and lower energy consumption in the construction industry.",
    "zh": "回收钢材可以减少建筑业对原材料的需求，并降低能源消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stainless steel｜不锈钢",
   "steel production｜钢铁生产",
   "steel yourself for｜做好应对……的心理准备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "steely (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "steel是钢，steal是偷；二者读音相同。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "steel"
 },
 {
  "w": "abandon",
  "uk": "/əˈbændən/",
  "us": "/əˈbændən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "遗弃；抛弃；离弃",
    "en": "To leave someone or something without intending to return."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放弃；终止",
    "en": "To stop doing or pursuing something before it is finished."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "放纵；无拘无束",
    "en": "A lack of restraint in expressing feelings or enjoying yourself."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had to abandon our car in the snow.",
    "zh": "我们不得不将车弃在雪地里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities should not abandon ambitious recycling programmes simply because initial participation rates are lower than expected.",
    "zh": "城市不应仅因初期参与率低于预期，就放弃雄心勃勃的回收计划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "abandon a vehicle｜弃车",
   "abandon a plan｜放弃计划",
   "abandon hope｜放弃希望",
   "with abandon｜纵情地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "abandoned (adj.)",
   "abandonment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "desert",
   "forsake"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "abandon直接接宾语；名词常见于with abandon。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "abandon"
 },
 {
  "w": "emperor",
  "uk": "/ˈempərə/",
  "us": "/ˈempərər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "皇帝",
    "en": "A male ruler of an empire."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displays a robe once worn by an emperor.",
    "zh": "博物馆展出了一件皇帝曾穿过的袍子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The emperor expanded trade routes, allowing goods and cultural practices to spread across the empire.",
    "zh": "这位皇帝拓展了贸易路线，使商品和文化习俗得以在帝国各地传播。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a Roman emperor｜罗马皇帝",
   "the reigning emperor｜在位皇帝",
   "crown someone emperor｜为某人加冕称帝"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "empire (n.)",
   "empress (n.)",
   "imperial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "emperor统治empire；empress指女皇或皇后。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "emperor"
 },
 {
  "w": "sibling",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪblɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪblɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "兄弟姐妹",
    "en": "a brother or sister"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My younger sibling always borrows my favourite blue jacket.",
    "zh": "我家那个小的总爱借我最喜欢的蓝色夹克。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children with siblings may develop negotiation skills early by sharing toys and resolving disagreements at home.",
    "zh": "有兄弟姐妹的孩子可能通过分享玩具和解决家庭中的分歧，较早培养协商能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "older sibling｜哥哥或姐姐",
   "younger sibling｜弟弟或妹妹",
   "sibling rivalry｜兄弟姐妹间的竞争"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，单数指一个兄弟或姐妹，不区分性别。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sibling"
 },
 {
  "w": "alien",
  "uk": "/ˈeɪliən/",
  "us": "/ˈeɪliən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "陌生的；格格不入的",
    "en": "Unfamiliar or very different from what someone knows or accepts"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "外星生物",
    "en": "A living creature believed or imagined to come from another planet"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "外来的；非本地的",
    "en": "Coming from a different country or natural environment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The city's constant noise felt alien after our quiet village.",
    "zh": "住惯了安静的村庄后，城市持续不断的噪声让我们感到很陌生。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching methods that seem alien to international students may require careful explanation and additional support from university staff.",
    "zh": "对于国际学生感到陌生的教学方法，大学教职员工可能需要仔细解释并提供额外支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "alien to｜对……陌生；与……不相容",
   "alien species｜外来物种",
   "alien environment｜陌生的环境",
   "alien life｜外星生命"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "alienate (v.)",
   "alienation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unfamiliar",
   "foreign"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "familiar"
  ],
  "tip": "称外国人为alien有疏离感；通常用foreign national。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alien"
 },
 {
  "w": "blend",
  "uk": "/blend/",
  "us": "/blend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "混合；融合",
    "en": "to mix substances or qualities together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "混合物；融合",
    "en": "a mixture of different substances, styles, or qualities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Blend the bananas and milk until the mixture is smooth.",
    "zh": "把香蕉和牛奶搅打至顺滑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Successful urban developments blend modern facilities with traditional architecture to preserve a city's distinctive character.",
    "zh": "成功的城市开发项目将现代设施与传统建筑融合，以保留城市的独特风貌。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blend ingredients｜混合原料",
   "blend with｜与……融合",
   "a blend of｜……的混合",
   "blend in｜融入环境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blender (n.)",
   "blended (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mix",
   "combine"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "separate"
  ],
  "tip": "blend A with B表示将两者融合；blend in指融入。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blend"
 },
 {
  "w": "shortage",
  "uk": "/ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈʃɔːrtɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "短缺；不足",
    "en": "a situation in which there is not enough of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A water shortage forced us to take shorter showers.",
    "zh": "缺水迫使我们缩短淋浴时间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A shortage of affordable housing can force essential workers to live far from their workplaces.",
    "zh": "可负担住房短缺可能迫使关键岗位的工作人员住在远离工作地点的地方。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a shortage of｜……的短缺",
   "labour shortage｜劳动力短缺",
   "severe shortage｜严重短缺",
   "housing shortage｜住房短缺"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "short (adj.)",
   "shorten (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "scarcity",
   "lack"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "surplus",
   "abundance"
  ],
  "tip": "常用a shortage of；“缺少”也可说be short of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shortage"
 },
 {
  "w": "wasp",
  "uk": "/wɒsp/",
  "us": "/wɑːsp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "黄蜂；胡蜂",
    "en": "A narrow-waisted flying insect that can sting."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A wasp landed on the edge of my glass.",
    "zh": "一只黄蜂落在了我的杯口上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although wasps are often considered pests, many species help control insects that damage agricultural crops.",
    "zh": "虽然黄蜂常被视为害虫，但许多种类能帮助控制危害农作物的昆虫。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wasp sting｜黄蜂蜇伤",
   "wasp nest｜黄蜂巢"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "waspish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wasp是黄蜂，bee是蜜蜂；两者不是同一种昆虫。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wasp"
 },
 {
  "w": "stroke",
  "uk": "/strəʊk/",
  "us": "/stroʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "中风",
    "en": "Sudden brain damage caused by interrupted blood flow or bleeding."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "划动；击打；一笔",
    "en": "One complete movement of a limb, tool, or brush."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "轻抚",
    "en": "To move your hand gently over a surface repeatedly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cat purred while I stroked its soft fur.",
    "zh": "我轻抚猫咪柔软的毛，它发出了呼噜声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recognising the early symptoms of a stroke can help patients receive treatment before serious brain damage occurs.",
    "zh": "识别中风的早期症状，有助于患者在出现严重脑损伤前接受治疗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have a stroke｜中风",
   "a brush stroke｜画笔的一笔",
   "a swimming stroke｜游泳划水动作",
   "stroke a cat｜轻抚猫咪"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "中风用have a stroke，勿与心脏病发作混淆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stroke"
 },
 {
  "w": "bow",
  "uk": "/bəʊ/; /baʊ/",
  "us": "/boʊ/; /baʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "弓",
    "en": "A curved weapon with a string used to shoot arrows."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蝴蝶结",
    "en": "A knot with two loops and two loose ends."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "鞠躬；低头",
    "en": "To bend your head or body forward, often showing respect."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She tied a neat bow around the gift box.",
    "zh": "她在礼盒上系了一个整齐的蝴蝶结。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In some cultures, people bow when greeting others, while elsewhere a handshake is more common.",
    "zh": "在一些文化中，人们见面时会鞠躬，而在其他地方，握手更常见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bow and arrow｜弓箭",
   "tie a bow｜打蝴蝶结",
   "bow your head｜低头",
   "bow to pressure｜屈服于压力"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "弓、蝴蝶结读/bəʊ/；鞠躬、船头读/baʊ/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bow"
 },
 {
  "w": "unwelcome",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈwelkəm/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈwelkəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不受欢迎的；讨厌的",
    "en": "not wanted or received with pleasure"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The loud music was an unwelcome interruption during dinner.",
    "zh": "晚餐时响起的吵闹音乐令人扫兴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For many residents, rising rents are an unwelcome consequence of rapid development in urban areas.",
    "zh": "对许多居民而言，租金上涨是城市快速发展带来的不受欢迎的后果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unwelcome attention｜令人困扰的关注",
   "unwelcome guest｜不受欢迎的客人",
   "unwelcome news｜令人不快的消息"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "welcome (adj.)",
   "welcome (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unwanted",
   "undesirable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "welcome"
  ],
  "tip": "可形容人、消息或变化；feel unwelcome指感到不受欢迎。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unwelcome"
 },
 {
  "w": "oyster",
  "uk": "/ˈɔɪstə/",
  "us": "/ˈɔɪstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牡蛎；蚝",
    "en": "A shellfish with a rough shell, sometimes producing pearls."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The oyster shell felt rough against my fingers.",
    "zh": "牡蛎壳摸起来很粗糙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring oyster populations can improve coastal water quality because these shellfish filter particles from the surrounding water.",
    "zh": "恢复牡蛎种群有助于改善沿海水质，因为这类贝类能过滤周围水中的颗粒物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "oyster shell｜牡蛎壳",
   "oyster farm｜牡蛎养殖场",
   "oyster reef｜牡蛎礁"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "the world is your oyster指你有无限机会。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oyster"
 },
 {
  "w": "facility",
  "uk": "/fəˈsɪləti/",
  "us": "/fəˈsɪləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "设施；专用场所",
    "en": "A place or equipment provided for a particular purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "功能；服务",
    "en": "A feature or service that enables a particular activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天赋；熟练能力",
    "en": "A natural ability to do or learn something easily."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new sports facility has a bright indoor pool.",
    "zh": "这座新体育设施里有一个明亮的室内泳池。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in local healthcare facilities can improve access to essential services for people in rural communities.",
    "zh": "投资当地医疗设施可以让农村社区居民更容易获得基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sports facilities｜体育设施",
   "healthcare facilities｜医疗设施",
   "a research facility｜研究机构",
   "a facility for languages｜语言天赋"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指配套设施常用复数facilities。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "facility"
 },
 {
  "w": "pedestrian",
  "uk": "/pəˈdestriən/",
  "us": "/pəˈdestriən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行人",
    "en": "a person walking rather than travelling in a vehicle"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "行人的；供步行的",
    "en": "intended for or relating to people travelling on foot"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "平庸的；乏味的",
    "en": "ordinary and lacking imagination or excitement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The driver stopped to let a pedestrian cross.",
    "zh": "司机停车让一位行人过马路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wider pavements and safer crossings can protect pedestrians and encourage residents to walk instead of driving.",
    "zh": "更宽的人行道和更安全的过街设施可以保护行人，鼓励居民步行而非开车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pedestrian crossing｜人行横道",
   "pedestrian safety｜行人安全",
   "pedestrian zone｜步行区",
   "pedestrian access｜步行通道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pedestrianise (v.)",
   "pedestrianisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词指行人；作形容词也可指作品平庸乏味。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pedestrian"
 },
 {
  "w": "compromise",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmprəmaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmprəmaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "妥协；折中方案",
    "en": "An agreement in which each side accepts less than originally wanted."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "妥协；折中",
    "en": "To reach agreement by accepting less than you originally wanted."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "损害；危及",
    "en": "To weaken or put something valuable at risk."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We reached a compromise and shared the last biscuit.",
    "zh": "我们达成了折中方案，分着吃了最后一块饼干。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must find a compromise between expanding housing supply and protecting green spaces in densely populated cities.",
    "zh": "政府必须在增加住房供应和保护人口密集城市的绿地之间找到折中方案。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reach a compromise｜达成妥协",
   "compromise on｜在……方面让步",
   "compromise safety｜危及安全",
   "a reasonable compromise｜合理的折中方案"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compromising (adj.)",
   "uncompromising (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "compromise on表示在某事上让步；直接接宾语可表损害。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "compromise"
 },
 {
  "w": "maximize",
  "uk": "/ˈmæksɪmaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈmæksɪmaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使最大化；充分利用",
    "en": "to increase something as much as possible or use it fully"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We added shelves to maximize space in our tiny kitchen.",
    "zh": "我们加装了架子，以充分利用小厨房的空间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities should improve public transport to maximize access to employment while reducing dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "城市应改善公共交通，尽可能增加就业机会的可及性，同时减少对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "maximize profits｜使利润最大化",
   "maximize efficiency｜最大限度提高效率",
   "maximize space｜充分利用空间",
   "maximize potential｜充分发挥潜力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "maximum (n.)",
   "maximization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "optimise"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "minimize"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词；英式也常拼作maximise。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "maximize"
 },
 {
  "w": "tuition",
  "uk": "/tjuˈɪʃən/",
  "us": "/tuˈɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学费",
    "en": "money paid for teaching at a school or university"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "教学；辅导",
    "en": "teaching provided to an individual or a small group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She works at weekends to help pay her tuition.",
    "zh": "她周末打工，帮助支付自己的学费。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising university tuition fees may discourage students from disadvantaged backgrounds from pursuing higher education.",
    "zh": "不断上涨的大学学费可能使来自弱势家庭的学生放弃接受高等教育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tuition fees｜学费",
   "private tuition｜私人辅导",
   "pay tuition｜支付学费"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；英式谈学费常用tuition fees。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tuition"
 },
 {
  "w": "tile",
  "uk": "/taɪl/",
  "us": "/taɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瓷砖；地砖；瓦片",
    "en": "A shaped piece used to cover floors, walls, or roofs."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "铺瓷砖；铺瓦",
    "en": "To cover a surface with tiles."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One blue tile has cracked beside the kitchen sink.",
    "zh": "厨房水槽旁的一块蓝色瓷砖裂了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using locally produced roof tiles can reduce transport emissions and support traditional industries in rural areas.",
    "zh": "使用本地生产的屋顶瓦片可以减少运输排放，并支持农村地区的传统产业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ceramic tiles｜陶瓷砖",
   "roof tiles｜屋顶瓦片",
   "lay tiles｜铺砖",
   "tile a bathroom｜给浴室贴瓷砖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tiled (adj.)",
   "tiling (n.)",
   "tiler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；作动词时直接接要铺砖的表面。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tile"
 },
 {
  "w": "pinch",
  "uk": "/pɪntʃ/",
  "us": "/pɪntʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "捏；掐；夹痛",
    "en": "to squeeze something tightly, often between a finger and thumb"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一小撮",
    "en": "a small amount held between a finger and thumb"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "捏；掐",
    "en": "the act of squeezing skin between a finger and thumb"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Pinch the pastry edges together to seal the pie.",
    "zh": "把面皮边缘捏合，将馅饼封好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As food prices rise, families on low incomes increasingly feel the pinch and reduce nonessential spending.",
    "zh": "随着食品价格上涨，低收入家庭越来越感到经济拮据，并减少非必要支出。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pinch of salt｜一小撮盐",
   "feel the pinch｜感到经济拮据",
   "pinch together｜捏合"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "squeeze"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a pinch of表少量；feel the pinch指手头紧。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pinch"
 },
 {
  "w": "satisfactorily",
  "uk": "/ˌsætɪsˈfæktərəli/",
  "us": "/ˌsætɪsˈfæktərəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "令人满意地；合格地",
    "en": "in a way that meets expectations or requirements"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The washing machine worked satisfactorily after the repair.",
    "zh": "修理之后，洗衣机运转正常，令人满意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport cannot function satisfactorily unless local authorities invest in regular maintenance and staff training.",
    "zh": "除非地方政府投入资金进行定期维护和员工培训，否则公共交通无法良好运转。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "perform satisfactorily｜表现令人满意",
   "resolve satisfactorily｜妥善解决",
   "function satisfactorily｜运转良好"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "satisfactory (adj.)",
   "satisfaction (n.)",
   "satisfy (v.)",
   "satisfactoriness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adequately",
   "acceptably"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unsatisfactorily"
  ],
  "tip": "表示达到要求，不一定是表现出色。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "satisfactorily"
 },
 {
  "w": "catching",
  "uk": "/ˈkætʃɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈkætʃɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "传染的；有感染力的",
    "en": "able to spread between people, like an illness or emotion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her laughter was catching, and soon everyone was smiling.",
    "zh": "她的笑声很有感染力，很快大家都笑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although enthusiasm can be catching, public health campaigns also need clear evidence to encourage lasting behavioural change.",
    "zh": "尽管热情能够感染他人，公共卫生宣传仍需明确证据来促成持久的行为改变。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a catching illness｜会传染的疾病",
   "catching enthusiasm｜有感染力的热情",
   "catching laughter｜有感染力的笑声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "catch (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "contagious",
   "infectious"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "多作表语；形容曲调朗朗上口用catchy，而非catching。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "catching"
 },
 {
  "w": "undergo",
  "uk": "/ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˌʌndərˈɡoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "经历；接受；遭受",
    "en": "to experience a process, change, or treatment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle will undergo knee surgery early next week.",
    "zh": "我叔叔下周初将接受膝盖手术。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many coastal cities will undergo significant changes as rising sea levels force governments to reconsider urban planning.",
    "zh": "随着海平面上升迫使政府重新考虑城市规划，许多沿海城市将经历重大变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "undergo surgery｜接受手术",
   "undergo training｜接受培训",
   "undergo significant changes｜经历重大变化",
   "undergo tests｜接受检查"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "experience"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式underwent，过去分词undergone；直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "undergo"
 },
 {
  "w": "tanker",
  "uk": "/ˈtæŋkə/",
  "us": "/ˈtæŋkər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "油轮；液体运输船",
    "en": "A ship designed to carry large quantities of liquid"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "罐车",
    "en": "A road vehicle carrying liquids or gases in a large tank"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a huge tanker sail into the harbour.",
    "zh": "我们看着一艘巨大的油轮驶入港口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An accident involving an oil tanker can cause lasting damage to coastal ecosystems.",
    "zh": "涉及油轮的事故可能对沿海生态系统造成持久损害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "oil tanker｜油轮",
   "fuel tanker｜燃油罐车",
   "tanker truck｜罐式卡车"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tank (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tank可指储罐；tanker指运输液体等的船或车辆。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tanker"
 },
 {
  "w": "cramp",
  "uk": "/kræmp/",
  "us": "/kræmp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抽筋；痉挛性疼痛",
    "en": "Sudden pain caused by a muscle tightening involuntarily."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "限制；束缚",
    "en": "To restrict someone's movement, freedom, or ability to act."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A sudden cramp in my calf stopped me swimming.",
    "zh": "小腿突然抽筋，我只好停止游泳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessively strict classroom rules may cramp students' creativity and discourage them from exploring unfamiliar ideas.",
    "zh": "过于严格的课堂规则可能束缚学生的创造力，使他们不愿探索陌生的想法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "muscle cramp｜肌肉痉挛",
   "stomach cramps｜胃部绞痛",
   "menstrual cramps｜痛经",
   "cramp someone's style｜束缚某人的发挥"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cramped (adj.)",
   "cramping (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "spasm",
   "restrict"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示空间狭窄用cramped，不用cramp作形容词。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cramp"
 },
 {
  "w": "motive",
  "uk": "/ˈməʊtɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈmoʊtɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动机；目的",
    "en": "a reason for doing something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her motive for joining was simply to make friends.",
    "zh": "她加入的动机只是想交朋友。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Financial security is a major motive for many graduates who choose careers in established companies.",
    "zh": "经济保障是许多毕业生选择到成熟企业就业的主要动机。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "motive for doing something｜做某事的动机",
   "underlying motive｜深层动机",
   "profit motive｜盈利动机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "motivate (v.)",
   "motivation (n.)",
   "motivated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reason"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "motive强调行动背后的原因，常接for。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "motive"
 },
 {
  "w": "satisfy",
  "uk": "/ˈsætɪsfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈsætɪsfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使满意；使满足",
    "en": "to give someone what they want or need"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "符合；满足要求",
    "en": "to meet a condition, standard, or requirement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使确信",
    "en": "to convince someone that something is true or acceptable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A bowl of soup was enough to satisfy my hunger.",
    "zh": "一碗汤就足以让我不再饥饿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "New housing developments must satisfy strict environmental standards before local authorities allow construction to begin.",
    "zh": "新住宅开发项目必须达到严格的环境标准，地方政府才会批准开工。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "satisfy a need｜满足需求",
   "satisfy requirements｜符合要求",
   "satisfy your curiosity｜满足好奇心",
   "satisfy yourself that｜使自己确信"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "satisfaction (n.)",
   "satisfied (adj.)",
   "satisfying (adj.)",
   "satisfactory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "please",
   "fulfil"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dissatisfy"
  ],
  "tip": "人感到满意用satisfied；事物令人满意用satisfying。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "satisfy"
 },
 {
  "w": "correction",
  "uk": "/kəˈrekʃən/",
  "us": "/kəˈrekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "改正；修正",
    "en": "A change that fixes an error, or the act of fixing it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I made a correction before sending the email.",
    "zh": "我在发送邮件前改正了一处错误。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Timely correction of factual errors helps news organizations maintain public trust and prevent misinformation from spreading.",
    "zh": "及时纠正事实错误有助于新闻机构维持公众信任，并防止错误信息传播。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a correction｜作出修改",
   "error correction｜纠错",
   "minor correction｜小幅修正",
   "correction of errors｜错误的改正"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "correct (v.)",
   "correct (adj.)",
   "correctly (adv.)",
   "corrective (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rectification",
   "amendment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "具体一处修改可数；泛指纠正过程时常不可数。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "correction"
 },
 {
  "w": "navigate",
  "uk": "/ˈnævɪɡeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈnævɪɡeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "导航；确定路线",
    "en": "to find or direct the way to a destination"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "浏览；查找信息",
    "en": "to move around a website or digital system"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "应对；设法处理",
    "en": "to deal successfully with a complicated situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We used a map to navigate the narrow streets.",
    "zh": "我们借助地图在狭窄的街道间找路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear website design helps users navigate public services and access essential information without unnecessary delays.",
    "zh": "清晰的网站设计帮助用户查找公共服务并获取必要信息，避免不必要的耽搁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "navigate a website｜浏览网站",
   "navigate through traffic｜穿行于车流中",
   "navigate unfamiliar terrain｜在陌生地形中找路",
   "navigate a crisis｜应对危机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "navigation (n.)",
   "navigator (n.)",
   "navigational (adj.)",
   "navigable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可直接接地点或网站，也可用 navigate through。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "navigate"
 },
 {
  "w": "assessed",
  "uk": "/əˈsest/",
  "us": "/əˈsest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "评估；评定",
    "en": "Evaluated the quality, value, extent, or importance of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic assessed the damage before repairing my bicycle.",
    "zh": "修理工先评估了损坏情况，然后才修我的自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should be assessed through varied tasks rather than judged solely on their performance in final examinations.",
    "zh": "应通过多种任务评估学生，而不是仅凭期末考试表现作出判断。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "assessed the damage｜评估了损失",
   "assessed the risk｜评估了风险",
   "be assessed on｜根据……接受评估"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assess (v.)",
   "assessment (n.)",
   "assessor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "evaluated",
   "appraised"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是assess的过去式和过去分词，词尾读/st/。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assessed"
 },
 {
  "w": "visual",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪʒuəl/",
  "us": "/ˈvɪʒuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "视觉的；视力的",
    "en": "Relating to sight or things that can be seen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "视觉材料；图片",
    "en": "An image used to explain something or attract attention."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The exhibition combines music with some stunning visual effects.",
    "zh": "这场展览将音乐与一些惊艳的视觉效果结合起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can use visual aids to make complex scientific concepts easier for younger students to understand.",
    "zh": "教师可以使用视觉教具，让年龄较小的学生更容易理解复杂的科学概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "visual aids｜视觉教具",
   "visual effects｜视觉效果",
   "visual impairment｜视力障碍",
   "visual information｜视觉信息"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "visually (adv.)",
   "visualise (v.)",
   "visualisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "visual表示与视觉有关；“栩栩如生”通常用vivid。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "visual"
 },
 {
  "w": "capture",
  "uk": "/ˈkæptʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈkæptʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "捕获；俘获",
    "en": "to catch someone or something and prevent escape"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拍摄；录制；捕捉",
    "en": "to record an image, sound, or particular quality"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "捕获；俘获",
    "en": "the act of catching someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Rescuers captured the injured bird and gently examined its wing.",
    "zh": "救援人员捉住那只受伤的鸟，轻轻检查了它的翅膀。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wildlife researchers use remote cameras to capture animal behaviour without disturbing natural habitats.",
    "zh": "野生动物研究人员使用遥控摄像机记录动物行为，避免干扰自然栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "capture an image｜拍摄影像",
   "capture attention｜吸引注意力",
   "capture the atmosphere｜捕捉氛围",
   "capture a suspect｜抓获嫌疑人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "captive (n.)",
   "captivity (n.)",
   "captor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "catch",
   "record"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "release"
  ],
  "tip": "拍摄影像、捕捉气氛也可用capture。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "capture"
 },
 {
  "w": "module",
  "uk": "/ˈmɒdjuːl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːdʒuːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "课程单元；模块",
    "en": "a separate unit within a larger course of study"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组件；功能模块",
    "en": "a separate part of a machine, system, or software"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We finished the photography module with an outdoor project.",
    "zh": "我们以一个户外项目完成了摄影单元的学习。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities increasingly offer a compulsory module on digital skills to prepare students for changing workplace demands.",
    "zh": "越来越多的大学开设数字技能必修模块，以帮助学生应对不断变化的职场需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a compulsory module｜必修模块",
   "an optional module｜选修模块",
   "a software module｜软件模块",
   "complete a module｜完成一个课程单元"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "modular (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unit",
   "component"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "课程中的module是独立单元，通常包含多节课。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "module"
 },
 {
  "w": "temper",
  "uk": "/ˈtempə/",
  "us": "/ˈtempɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脾气；易怒的性情",
    "en": "A tendency to become angry, or an angry mood."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "缓和；节制",
    "en": "Make something less strong, extreme, or severe."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使金属回火",
    "en": "Treat metal with heat to give it suitable hardness and toughness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He lost his temper when the drawer jammed again.",
    "zh": "抽屉又卡住了，他大发脾气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should temper enthusiasm for new technologies with careful consideration of their potential social consequences.",
    "zh": "政府应认真考虑新技术可能带来的社会后果，避免一味热衷于推广。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lose your temper｜发脾气",
   "keep your temper｜忍住怒气",
   "a short temper｜急脾气",
   "temper enthusiasm with caution｜以谨慎节制热情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "temperamental (adj.)",
   "tempering (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lose your temper 是发脾气；动词常用 temper A with B。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "temper"
 },
 {
  "w": "bilingual",
  "uk": "/ˌbaɪˈlɪŋɡwəl/",
  "us": "/ˌbaɪˈlɪŋɡwəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "会说两种语言的；双语的",
    "en": "Able to use two languages, or involving two languages."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "熟练使用两种语言的人",
    "en": "Someone who can use two languages fluently."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our bilingual neighbour speaks both English and Chinese fluently.",
    "zh": "我们的邻居精通双语，英语和中文都说得很流利。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Bilingual education can help children maintain their cultural identity while developing skills for an increasingly connected world.",
    "zh": "双语教育有助于孩子保持文化认同，同时培养适应日益互联世界所需的技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bilingual education｜双语教育",
   "bilingual dictionary｜双语词典",
   "bilingual speaker｜双语使用者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bilingualism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "monolingual"
  ],
  "tip": "表示精通哪两种语言，可用bilingual in A and B。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bilingual"
 },
 {
  "w": "interference",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntəˈfɪərəns/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntərˈfɪrəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "干涉；干预",
    "en": "unwanted involvement in someone else's affairs or decisions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "妨碍；干扰",
    "en": "an action or influence that disrupts an activity or process"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "信号干扰",
    "en": "unwanted signals that reduce the quality of electronic reception"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I wanted to choose my clothes without anyone's interference.",
    "zh": "我想自己挑选衣服，不受任何人干涉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities need protection from political interference to ensure that research findings remain independent and credible.",
    "zh": "大学需要免受政治干预，以确保研究成果保持独立和可信。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "interference in domestic affairs｜干涉内政",
   "political interference｜政治干预",
   "interference with sleep｜对睡眠的干扰",
   "radio interference｜无线电干扰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "interfere (v.)",
   "interfering (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in多接事务指干涉；with多接活动指妨碍。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "interference"
 },
 {
  "w": "weaken",
  "uk": "/ˈwiːkən/",
  "us": "/ˈwiːkən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "削弱；变弱",
    "en": "to become less strong, or make something less strong"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Too little sleep can weaken your ability to concentrate.",
    "zh": "睡眠不足会削弱你的专注能力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Persistent unemployment can weaken local economies by reducing household spending and discouraging business investment.",
    "zh": "持续失业会减少家庭支出并抑制企业投资，从而削弱地方经济。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "weaken the immune system｜削弱免疫系统",
   "weaken an argument｜削弱论点的说服力",
   "weaken demand｜使需求减弱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "weak (adj.)",
   "weakness (n.)",
   "weakly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "undermine"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "strengthen"
  ],
  "tip": "既可及物也可不及物：使变弱或自身变弱。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "weaken"
 },
 {
  "w": "avenue",
  "uk": "/ˈævənjuː/",
  "us": "/ˈævənuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大街；林荫大道",
    "en": "a wide street, often lined with trees"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "途径；方法",
    "en": "a possible way to achieve something or solve a problem"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked along a quiet avenue shaded by tall trees.",
    "zh": "我们沿着一条高树成荫的安静大道散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online learning offers an important avenue for adults seeking new skills while remaining in full-time employment.",
    "zh": "在线学习为希望在全职工作期间掌握新技能的成年人提供了一条重要途径。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tree-lined avenue｜林荫大道",
   "avenue of research｜研究途径",
   "explore every avenue｜探索一切途径"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比喻义常见avenue for/of，表示途径。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "avenue"
 },
 {
  "w": "typically",
  "uk": "/ˈtɪpɪkli/",
  "us": "/ˈtɪpɪkli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "通常；一般",
    "en": "In most cases or on most occasions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "典型地；具有代表性地",
    "en": "In a way that shows the usual qualities of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours typically walk their dog before breakfast.",
    "zh": "我们的邻居通常在早餐前遛狗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities with reliable public transport typically experience less traffic congestion than those dependent on private cars.",
    "zh": "公共交通可靠的城市通常比依赖私家车的城市交通拥堵更少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "typically require｜通常需要",
   "typically involve｜通常涉及",
   "typically found in｜通常见于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "typical (adj.)",
   "atypical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "usually",
   "generally"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "atypically"
  ],
  "tip": "通常放在实义动词前、be动词后。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "typically"
 },
 {
  "w": "grace",
  "uk": "/ɡreɪs/",
  "us": "/ɡreɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "优雅；优美",
    "en": "smooth, attractive movement or behaviour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宽限；恩惠",
    "en": "extra time or kindness freely given"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为…增色；使优美",
    "en": "make a place or occasion more attractive by being present"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dancer moved across the stage with effortless grace.",
    "zh": "那位舞者轻盈优雅地穿过舞台。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A short grace period can help households manage unexpected delays in receiving their income.",
    "zh": "短暂的宽限期可以帮助家庭应对收入意外延迟到账的情况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "with grace｜优雅地",
   "a grace period｜宽限期",
   "grace the occasion｜为活动增色"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "graceful (adj.)",
   "gracefully (adv.)",
   "gracious (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "elegance",
   "poise"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "clumsiness"
  ],
  "tip": "grace 表优雅通常不可数；grace period 指宽限期。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grace"
 },
 {
  "w": "unstable",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈsteɪbl/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈsteɪbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不稳固的",
    "en": "Likely to move, fall, or collapse."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不稳定的；易变的",
    "en": "Likely to change suddenly and unpredictably."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This unstable chair wobbles whenever I sit on it.",
    "zh": "这把椅子不稳，我一坐上去就晃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An unstable economy can discourage investment and make long-term planning difficult for small businesses.",
    "zh": "经济不稳定会抑制投资，并使小企业难以制定长期计划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unstable economy｜不稳定的经济",
   "politically unstable｜政治上不稳定的",
   "unstable structure｜不稳固的结构"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stable (adj.)",
   "stability (n.)",
   "instability (n.)",
   "stabilise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unsteady",
   "insecure"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "stable",
   "steady"
  ],
  "tip": "可指物体不稳，也可指经济、局势等易变。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unstable"
 },
 {
  "w": "influential",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnfluˈenʃəl/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnfluˈenʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有影响力的",
    "en": "Able to strongly affect people's opinions, decisions, or actions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her grandfather was an influential teacher in their village.",
    "zh": "她的祖父曾是村里一位很有影响力的教师。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientific advisers can be influential in shaping government policies on public health and environmental protection.",
    "zh": "科学顾问可以在制定公共卫生和环境保护政策方面发挥重要影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "influential figure｜有影响力的人物",
   "highly influential｜极具影响力的",
   "influential in shaping policy｜对政策制定有影响力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "influence (n.)",
   "influence (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "uninfluential"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be influential in doing，表示对某事有影响。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "influential"
 },
 {
  "w": "generosity",
  "uk": "/ˌdʒenəˈrɒsəti/",
  "us": "/ˌdʒenəˈrɑːsəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "慷慨；大方",
    "en": "Willingness to give money, time, or help freely."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宽宏大量",
    "en": "Willingness to be kind and forgiving towards others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Thanks to your generosity, everyone has a warm coat.",
    "zh": "多亏你的慷慨相助，每个人都有了一件暖和的外套。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community projects often depend on the generosity of residents who contribute both money and valuable practical skills.",
    "zh": "社区项目往往依靠居民的慷慨支持，他们既捐款，也贡献宝贵的实用技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "show generosity｜表现出慷慨",
   "an act of generosity｜慷慨之举",
   "generosity towards others｜对他人的慷慨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "generous (adj.)",
   "generously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "munificence",
   "kindness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "stinginess"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；一次慷慨之举用an act of generosity。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "generosity"
 },
 {
  "w": "lily",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪli/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "百合；百合花",
    "en": "A plant with large, often trumpet-shaped flowers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A white lily opened beside our kitchen window this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早晨，我们厨房窗边的一朵白百合开了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban gardens planted with lilies and other flowering species can provide attractive spaces for local residents.",
    "zh": "种有百合和其他开花植物的城市花园能为当地居民提供宜人的空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "white lily｜白百合",
   "lily bulb｜百合鳞茎",
   "water lily｜睡莲"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为lilies；water lily指睡莲。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lily"
 },
 {
  "w": "muscular",
  "uk": "/ˈmʌskjələ/",
  "us": "/ˈmʌskjələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "肌肉发达的；强壮的",
    "en": "Having large, strong muscles."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "肌肉的",
    "en": "Relating to the muscles of the body."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The muscular swimmer lifted the heavy box easily.",
    "zh": "那位肌肉发达的游泳运动员轻松举起了沉重的箱子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular resistance training can improve muscular strength and help older adults maintain their independence.",
    "zh": "定期进行抗阻训练可以增强肌肉力量，帮助老年人保持独立生活的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "muscular strength｜肌肉力量",
   "muscular pain｜肌肉疼痛",
   "muscular build｜健壮的体格"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "muscle (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指肌肉发达，也可仅表示与肌肉有关。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "muscular"
 },
 {
  "w": "youngster",
  "uk": "/ˈjʌŋstə/",
  "us": "/ˈjʌŋstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "孩子；年轻人",
    "en": "A child or young person."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A cheerful youngster helped me pick up the apples.",
    "zh": "一个开朗的孩子帮我捡起了那些苹果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community sports programmes give youngsters opportunities to develop teamwork skills and build friendships outside school.",
    "zh": "社区体育项目让青少年有机会培养团队协作能力，并在校外建立友谊。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local youngsters｜当地青少年",
   "talented youngsters｜有天赋的年轻人",
   "a group of youngsters｜一群孩子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "young (adj.)",
   "youth (n.)",
   "youthful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "child",
   "young person"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "男女皆可指，语气较随意；正式写作可用young people。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "youngster"
 },
 {
  "w": "fascination",
  "uk": "/ˌfæsɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌfæsɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "着迷；强烈兴趣",
    "en": "a very strong interest in someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She watched the tiny fish with fascination for hours.",
    "zh": "她着迷地看着那些小鱼，一看就是几个小时。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children's fascination with wildlife can provide a valuable starting point for environmental education in primary schools.",
    "zh": "孩子们对野生动物的浓厚兴趣，可以为小学环境教育提供宝贵的切入点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fascination with｜对……的着迷",
   "watch with fascination｜看得入迷",
   "hold a fascination for｜对……有吸引力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fascinate (v.)",
   "fascinating (adj.)",
   "fascinated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "absorption"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "indifference"
  ],
  "tip": "对某物着迷用 fascination with；看得入迷用 with fascination。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fascination"
 },
 {
  "w": "kindergarten",
  "uk": "/ˈkɪndəɡɑːtən/",
  "us": "/ˈkɪndərɡɑːrtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "幼儿园；学前班",
    "en": "A school or class for children beginning their education"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My daughter painted a bright yellow bird at kindergarten.",
    "zh": "我女儿在幼儿园画了一只鲜黄色的小鸟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High-quality kindergarten education can develop children's social skills and prepare them for more structured learning.",
    "zh": "优质的学前教育能培养儿童的社交能力，为更系统的学习做好准备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "kindergarten teacher｜幼儿园教师",
   "attend kindergarten｜上幼儿园",
   "kindergarten classroom｜幼儿园教室"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常指小学前的一年；英式幼儿园常用nursery。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kindergarten"
 },
 {
  "w": "phase",
  "uk": "/feɪz/",
  "us": "/feɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阶段；时期",
    "en": "A distinct period in a process of change or development."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "月相",
    "en": "One of the changing shapes of the moon as seen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分阶段进行",
    "en": "To introduce or remove something gradually in planned stages."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen repairs have entered their final phase.",
    "zh": "厨房维修已进入最后阶段。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During the initial phase of urban development, planners should prioritise affordable housing and reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "在城市发展的初期阶段，规划者应优先考虑可负担住房和可靠的公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an initial phase｜初始阶段",
   "a phase of development｜发展阶段",
   "phase out｜逐步淘汰",
   "phase in｜逐步引入"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "phased (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stage",
   "period"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "phase in指逐步引入，phase out指逐步淘汰。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "phase"
 },
 {
  "w": "operator",
  "uk": "/ˈɒpəreɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːpəreɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "操作员",
    "en": "a person who controls a machine or piece of equipment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "经营者；运营商",
    "en": "a person or company that runs a business or service"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电话接线员",
    "en": "a person who connects calls or provides telephone assistance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The crane operator carefully lowered the beam into place.",
    "zh": "起重机操作员小心地把横梁降到指定位置。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every public transport operator should ensure that its services remain accessible to passengers with limited mobility.",
    "zh": "每家公共交通运营商都应确保行动不便的乘客能够使用其服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "machine operator｜机器操作员",
   "tour operator｜旅游经营商",
   "mobile network operator｜移动网络运营商",
   "telephone operator｜电话接线员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "operate (v.)",
   "operation (n.)",
   "operational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指操作设备的人，也指经营服务的公司。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "operator"
 },
 {
  "w": "marvel",
  "uk": "/ˈmɑːvəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːrvəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "令人惊叹的人或事物",
    "en": "Someone or something that causes great admiration or surprise"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "感到惊叹",
    "en": "To feel great surprise or admiration"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We marvelled at the tiny bird's beautifully woven nest.",
    "zh": "那只小鸟精巧编织的巢让我们惊叹不已。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The new bridge is an engineering marvel that connects isolated communities and improves access to essential services.",
    "zh": "这座新桥是一项工程奇迹，连接了偏远社区，并让居民更方便地获得基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an engineering marvel｜工程奇迹",
   "a technological marvel｜技术奇迹",
   "marvel at｜对……感到惊叹",
   "a marvel of nature｜自然奇观"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "marvellous (adj.)",
   "marvellously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wonder"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常接at；英式过去式marvelled，美式marveled。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "marvel"
 },
 {
  "w": "swear",
  "uk": "/sweə/",
  "us": "/swer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "说脏话；咒骂",
    "en": "to use rude or offensive words"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发誓；郑重保证",
    "en": "to make a serious promise or insist something is true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't swear when the game goes wrong.",
    "zh": "玩游戏不顺利时，请不要说脏话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Witnesses must swear to tell the truth before giving evidence in many legal systems.",
    "zh": "在许多法律体系中，证人作证前必须宣誓如实陈述。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "swear at someone｜咒骂某人",
   "swear to do something｜发誓做某事",
   "swear an oath｜宣誓"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "swearing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "curse",
   "vow"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式swore，过去分词sworn；swear at指咒骂。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "swear"
 },
 {
  "w": "overview",
  "uk": "/ˈəʊvəvjuː/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊvɚvjuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "概述；综述",
    "en": "A short account presenting the main features of a subject."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our guide gave us an overview of the tour.",
    "zh": "导游向我们简要介绍了游览安排。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The opening section provides an overview of the main challenges facing renewable energy development.",
    "zh": "开篇部分概述了可再生能源发展面临的主要挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "provide an overview｜提供概述",
   "a brief overview｜简要概述",
   "a general overview｜总体概述",
   "an overview of｜对……的概述"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "summary",
   "outline"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常作可数名词；搭配an overview of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overview"
 },
 {
  "w": "recruitment",
  "uk": "/rɪˈkruːtmənt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈkruːtmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "招聘；招募",
    "en": "the process of finding people to join an organisation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our cafe handles recruitment before the busy summer season.",
    "zh": "我们咖啡馆会在繁忙的夏季到来之前招聘员工。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fair recruitment practices help employers attract talented applicants from a wide range of social backgrounds.",
    "zh": "公平的招聘方式有助于雇主吸引来自不同社会背景的优秀求职者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "recruitment process｜招聘流程",
   "recruitment agency｜招聘中介",
   "recruitment campaign｜招聘活动",
   "staff recruitment｜员工招聘"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recruit (v.)",
   "recruit (n.)",
   "recruiter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hiring"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；招聘某类人员用recruitment of。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recruitment"
 },
 {
  "w": "minor",
  "uk": "/ˈmaɪnə/",
  "us": "/ˈmaɪnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "较小的；次要的；轻微的",
    "en": "Not very serious, important, or large."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "未成年人",
    "en": "A person younger than the legal age of adulthood."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "小调的",
    "en": "Using a musical scale often associated with a sad sound."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bike only needs a few minor repairs.",
    "zh": "这辆自行车只需要稍作修理。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Minor changes to daily travel habits can collectively reduce pollution in densely populated urban areas.",
    "zh": "日常出行习惯的小改变，累积起来可以减少人口密集城区的污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "minor injury｜轻伤",
   "minor changes｜小幅改动",
   "minor issue｜次要问题",
   "minor key｜小调"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "minority (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "slight",
   "small"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "major"
  ],
  "tip": "minor injury指轻伤；名词a minor指未成年人。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "minor"
 },
 {
  "w": "investigate",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "调查；查明",
    "en": "To examine facts carefully to discover what happened or why."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "研究；探究",
    "en": "To study a subject carefully to learn more about it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A plumber came to investigate the strange noise upstairs.",
    "zh": "一位水管工来查明楼上怪声的原因。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers are investigating how access to green spaces affects the mental health of urban residents.",
    "zh": "研究人员正在探究接触绿地如何影响城市居民的心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "investigate a complaint｜调查投诉",
   "investigate the cause｜调查原因",
   "investigate a link｜探究关联"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "investigation (n.)",
   "investigator (n.)",
   "investigative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "examine",
   "probe"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "直接接调查对象：investigate the problem，不加into。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "investigate"
 },
 {
  "w": "illustrate",
  "uk": "/ˈɪləstreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪləstreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "说明；举例阐明",
    "en": "To make something clear through examples or evidence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为……配插图",
    "en": "To provide pictures for a book or other publication."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She used two jars to illustrate the difference.",
    "zh": "她用两个罐子来说明其中的区别。"
   },
   {
    "en": "These findings illustrate how access to public transport can improve employment opportunities in disadvantaged communities.",
    "zh": "这些研究结果说明，公共交通的可及性如何改善弱势社区的就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "illustrate a point｜说明一个观点",
   "illustrate the importance of｜说明……的重要性",
   "illustrate a book｜为书配插图"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "illustration (n.)",
   "illustrator (n.)",
   "illustrative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "demonstrate",
   "explain"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "illustrate可用例子说明，不一定涉及图片。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "illustrate"
 },
 {
  "w": "glorious",
  "uk": "/ˈɡlɔːriəs/",
  "us": "/ˈɡlɔːriəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "辉煌的；光荣的",
    "en": "Deserving great admiration or bringing honour and pride."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极其美好的；壮丽的",
    "en": "Extremely beautiful, enjoyable, or pleasant."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent a glorious afternoon swimming in the lake.",
    "zh": "我们在湖里游泳，度过了一个美好的下午。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museums should examine difficult historical events as carefully as they celebrate a nation's glorious achievements.",
    "zh": "博物馆应像颂扬一个国家的辉煌成就一样，认真审视艰难的历史事件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "glorious victory｜辉煌的胜利",
   "glorious sunshine｜明媚的阳光",
   "glorious past｜辉煌的过去"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "glory (n.)",
   "gloriously (adv.)",
   "glorify (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "splendid",
   "magnificent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inglorious"
  ],
  "tip": "glorious既可指值得荣耀，也可赞美天气或景色。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glorious"
 },
 {
  "w": "checklist",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃeklɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃeklɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "核对清单；检查表",
    "en": "A list of things to check or do"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I use a checklist when packing for a trip.",
    "zh": "旅行收拾行李时，我会用一份核对清单。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A standard safety checklist can help hospital staff reduce avoidable errors during routine medical procedures.",
    "zh": "标准安全检查表能帮助医院工作人员减少常规医疗操作中可避免的错误。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "safety checklist｜安全检查表",
   "packing checklist｜行李清单",
   "complete a checklist｜完成检查表"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；强调逐项核对，不只是罗列物品。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "checklist"
 },
 {
  "w": "straightforward",
  "uk": "/ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd/",
  "us": "/ˌstreɪtˈfɔːrwərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "简单易懂的；易做的",
    "en": "easy to understand or do, without complications"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "坦率的；直截了当的",
    "en": "honest and direct in expressing thoughts or intentions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The recipe is straightforward, even for a beginner.",
    "zh": "这道食谱很简单，即使初学者也能照着做。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should make recycling procedures straightforward so that more households can participate without unnecessary confusion.",
    "zh": "政府应简化回收流程，让更多家庭能够参与，避免不必要的困惑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a straightforward process｜简单的流程",
   "a straightforward answer｜直截了当的回答",
   "relatively straightforward｜相对简单的",
   "straightforward advice｜明确易懂的建议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "straightforwardly (adv.)",
   "straightforwardness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "simple",
   "uncomplicated",
   "direct"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "complicated",
   "devious"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容事情简单，也可形容人坦率。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "straightforward"
 },
 {
  "w": "scratch",
  "uk": "/skrætʃ/",
  "us": "/skrætʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挠；搔",
    "en": "To rub skin with fingernails, often to relieve itching."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刮伤；划伤",
    "en": "To damage a surface with something sharp or rough."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "划痕；抓伤",
    "en": "A thin mark or shallow injury caused by something sharp."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't scratch that bite; it will get worse.",
    "zh": "别挠那个被叮的包，会越挠越严重。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even a small scratch on a reusable container can make it harder to clean effectively.",
    "zh": "即使是可重复使用容器上的一道小划痕，也可能让它更难被彻底清洁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scratch your head｜挠头",
   "a deep scratch｜一道深划痕",
   "from scratch｜从零开始",
   "scratch the surface｜仅触及表面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scratchy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "from scratch表示从零开始，与“抓挠”无关。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scratch"
 },
 {
  "w": "greenhouse",
  "uk": "/ˈɡriːnhaʊs/",
  "us": "/ˈɡriːnhaʊs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "温室；暖房",
    "en": "a glass or plastic building that keeps growing plants warm"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We grow tomatoes in the greenhouse throughout the winter.",
    "zh": "整个冬天，我们都在温室里种番茄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Greenhouse cultivation can extend growing seasons, although heating these structures may require considerable amounts of energy.",
    "zh": "温室种植可以延长生长季，但为这些设施供暖可能需要消耗大量能源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grow plants in a greenhouse｜在温室里种植物",
   "greenhouse gas emissions｜温室气体排放",
   "the greenhouse effect｜温室效应"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "glasshouse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "greenhouse是名词，也可作定语，如greenhouse gases。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "greenhouse"
 },
 {
  "w": "efficiency",
  "uk": "/ɪˈfɪʃnsi/",
  "us": "/ɪˈfɪʃnsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "效率；效能",
    "en": "The ability to achieve results without wasting time, energy, or resources"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Organising my tools improved the efficiency of my work.",
    "zh": "把工具整理好提高了我的工作效率。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving energy efficiency in public buildings can reduce government spending and lower greenhouse gas emissions.",
    "zh": "提高公共建筑的能源利用效率，可以减少政府开支并降低温室气体排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "energy efficiency｜能源利用效率",
   "improve efficiency｜提高效率",
   "operational efficiency｜运营效率",
   "fuel efficiency｜燃油效率"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "efficient (adj.)",
   "efficiently (adv.)",
   "inefficiency (n.)",
   "inefficient (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "inefficiency"
  ],
  "tip": "efficiency强调少浪费；effectiveness强调达到效果。",
  "cefr": "B2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "efficiency"
 },
 {
  "w": "cohesive",
  "uk": "/kəʊˈhiːsɪv/",
  "us": "/koʊˈhiːsɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有凝聚力的；紧密结合的",
    "en": "united or closely connected as a whole"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Regular practice helped us become a more cohesive team.",
    "zh": "定期练习帮助我们成为一支更有凝聚力的队伍。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shared public spaces can help build cohesive communities by encouraging interaction among people from different backgrounds.",
    "zh": "共享公共空间可以促进不同背景的人交流，从而帮助建设有凝聚力的社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cohesive team｜有凝聚力的团队",
   "cohesive society｜团结的社会",
   "cohesive argument｜衔接紧密的论证"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cohesion (n.)",
   "cohesiveness (n.)",
   "cohesively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "united",
   "integrated"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fragmented",
   "divided"
  ],
  "tip": "cohesive强调紧密结合；coherent强调条理清楚。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cohesive"
 },
 {
  "w": "hull",
  "uk": "/hʌl/",
  "us": "/hʌl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "船体",
    "en": "The main outer body of a ship or boat."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谷壳；果实外壳",
    "en": "The outer covering of a seed or fruit."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "去壳；去果蒂",
    "en": "To remove the outer covering or leafy top of food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We painted the boat's hull blue before launching it.",
    "zh": "我们把船体漆成蓝色，然后才将船下水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved hull designs can reduce fuel consumption by allowing ships to move through water with less resistance.",
    "zh": "改进船体设计可以减小船舶在水中航行的阻力，从而降低燃料消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a ship's hull｜船体",
   "a steel hull｜钢制船体",
   "rice hulls｜稻壳",
   "hull strawberries｜去除草莓果蒂"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "船体是hull；整艘船用ship或boat。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hull"
 },
 {
  "w": "prospectus",
  "uk": "/prəˈspektəs/",
  "us": "/prəˈspektəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "招生简章",
    "en": "a document describing a school or university for potential students"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "招股说明书；项目介绍书",
    "en": "a document explaining an investment or business opportunity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I checked the college prospectus for photography courses.",
    "zh": "我查看了学院的招生简章，寻找摄影课程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A university prospectus should provide accurate information about tuition fees, course content, and available student support.",
    "zh": "大学招生简章应准确介绍学费、课程内容及可获得的学生支持服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "university prospectus｜大学招生简章",
   "request a prospectus｜索取招生简章",
   "issue a prospectus｜发布招股说明书"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "教育语境常指招生简章，金融语境可指招股说明书。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prospectus"
 },
 {
  "w": "sonnet",
  "uk": "/ˈsɒnɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈsɑːnɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "十四行诗",
    "en": "A fourteen-line poem following a particular rhyme and rhythm pattern."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She read a sonnet aloud beside the open window.",
    "zh": "她在敞开的窗边朗读了一首十四行诗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying a sonnet helps students understand how formal constraints can encourage creative expression in literature.",
    "zh": "学习十四行诗有助于学生理解形式上的限制如何促进文学中的创造性表达。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write a sonnet｜写十四行诗",
   "sonnet sequence｜十四行组诗",
   "sonnet form｜十四行诗体"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sonnet固定为十四行，但押韵格式不只一种。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sonnet"
 },
 {
  "w": "coeducation",
  "uk": "/ˌkəʊedʒʊˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkoʊedʒəˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男女同校教育",
    "en": "The education of boys and girls together in the same institution."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandparents first experienced coeducation at their village school.",
    "zh": "我的祖父母在村里的学校首次接受了男女同校教育。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Supporters of coeducation argue that learning together helps boys and girls develop mutual respect.",
    "zh": "支持男女同校教育的人认为，共同学习有助于男孩和女孩培养相互尊重的态度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "benefits of coeducation｜男女同校教育的益处",
   "support coeducation｜支持男女同校教育",
   "introduce coeducation｜实行男女同校教育"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coeducational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mixed education"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "single-sex education"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；形容词形式为coeducational。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coeducation"
 },
 {
  "w": "consul",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnsəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnsəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领事",
    "en": "An official abroad who assists citizens and represents national interests"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The consul helped us after we lost our passports.",
    "zh": "我们丢失护照后，领事给我们提供了帮助。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A consul may support citizens facing difficulties overseas and help strengthen commercial links between countries.",
    "zh": "领事可以为在海外遇到困难的本国公民提供支持，并帮助加强国家间的商业联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "consul general｜总领事",
   "honorary consul｜名誉领事",
   "vice consul｜副领事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consular (adj.)",
   "consulate (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "consul是领事；consulate是领事馆，勿混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consul"
 },
 {
  "w": "manipulation",
  "uk": "/məˌnɪpjʊˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/məˌnɪpjəˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "操纵；控制",
    "en": "Controlling people or situations unfairly for personal advantage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "操作；处理",
    "en": "Moving or adjusting something carefully, often using hands or tools."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She recognised his emotional manipulation and refused to feel guilty.",
    "zh": "她识破了他的情感操控，拒绝为此感到内疚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The manipulation of survey results can mislead policymakers and reduce public trust in scientific research.",
    "zh": "操纵调查结果可能误导政策制定者，并降低公众对科学研究的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "emotional manipulation｜情感操控",
   "data manipulation｜数据处理；数据篡改",
   "market manipulation｜市场操纵"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "manipulate (v.)",
   "manipulative (adj.)",
   "manipulator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指操控人时常含贬义；指操作工具时可中性。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "manipulation"
 },
 {
  "w": "concurrent",
  "uk": "/kənˈkʌrənt/",
  "us": "/kənˈkɜːrənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "同时发生的；并行的",
    "en": "Happening or existing at the same time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Two concurrent meetings meant I had to choose one.",
    "zh": "两个会议同时举行，我只能选择参加其中一个。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Concurrent improvements in housing and public transport can make urban development more inclusive and sustainable.",
    "zh": "同步改善住房和公共交通，可以使城市发展更具包容性和可持续性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "concurrent events｜同时发生的事件",
   "concurrent sessions｜同期举行的分会",
   "concurrent with｜与…同时发生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "concurrently (adv.)",
   "concurrency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "simultaneous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sequential"
  ],
  "tip": "强调时间重叠；表示“与…同时”可用concurrent with。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "concurrent"
 },
 {
  "w": "flatter",
  "uk": "/ˈflætə/",
  "us": "/ˈflætər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "奉承；讨好",
    "en": "Praise someone, often insincerely, to gain their favour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使感到荣幸或高兴",
    "en": "Make someone feel pleased or honoured through attention or praise."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使显得更好看",
    "en": "Make someone look more attractive than they otherwise would."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That blue jacket really flatters you in this light.",
    "zh": "在这样的光线下，那件蓝色夹克真的很衬你。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advertisements often flatter consumers by suggesting that choosing a particular product demonstrates intelligence or good taste.",
    "zh": "广告常常暗示选择某种产品代表聪明或品位好，以此讨好消费者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flatter someone's ego｜满足某人的虚荣心",
   "feel flattered｜感到荣幸",
   "flatter yourself｜自以为是"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flattery (n.)",
   "flattering (adj.)",
   "flattered (adj.)",
   "flatterer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be flattered常指受宠若惊，不一定含贬义。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flatter"
 },
 {
  "w": "meddle",
  "uk": "/ˈmedəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmedəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "干涉；管闲事",
    "en": "Interfere in other people's affairs without being invited."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't meddle in how I arrange my room.",
    "zh": "请别干涉我如何布置自己的房间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Parents who constantly meddle in their children's decisions may prevent them from developing confidence and independence.",
    "zh": "不断干涉孩子决定的父母可能会阻碍他们培养自信和独立性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "meddle in someone's affairs｜干涉某人的私事",
   "meddle with something｜擅自摆弄某物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "meddling (adj.)",
   "meddler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "interfere"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常接in表示干涉事务；接with表示擅自摆弄。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meddle"
 },
 {
  "w": "contemplation",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒntəmˈpleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːntəmˈpleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "沉思；深思",
    "en": "the act of thinking deeply and quietly about something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "考虑；打算",
    "en": "the act of considering a possible future action"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He sat by the lake in quiet contemplation.",
    "zh": "他坐在湖边，静静地沉思。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public gardens offer urban residents valuable opportunities for quiet contemplation away from the pressures of daily life.",
    "zh": "公共花园为城市居民提供宝贵的机会，让他们远离日常生活的压力，静心沉思。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "quiet contemplation｜静静的沉思",
   "deep contemplation｜深思",
   "in contemplation｜在沉思中"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contemplate (v.)",
   "contemplative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reflection",
   "meditation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；强调安静深思，不一定是痛苦思索。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contemplation"
 },
 {
  "w": "threshold",
  "uk": "/ˈθreʃhəʊld/",
  "us": "/ˈθreʃhoʊld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阈值；界限",
    "en": "the level at which something starts happening or changes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "门槛",
    "en": "the bottom edge of a doorway"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "开端；起点",
    "en": "the point just before a new experience or period begins"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother has a much higher pain threshold than me.",
    "zh": "我哥哥比我耐疼得多。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Raising the income threshold for financial assistance would allow more low-paid workers to receive support.",
    "zh": "提高经济援助的收入门槛，将使更多低薪劳动者能够获得支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pain threshold｜痛觉阈值",
   "income threshold｜收入门槛",
   "cross the threshold｜跨过门槛",
   "on the threshold of｜即将进入"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "limit",
   "boundary"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on the threshold of表示即将进入某个新阶段。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "threshold"
 },
 {
  "w": "constitute",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnstɪtjuːt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnstɪtuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "组成；构成",
    "en": "To be the parts that form a whole"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "算作；构成",
    "en": "To be considered a particular thing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "正式设立",
    "en": "To formally establish an organisation or governing body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Vegetables constitute most of the food in our fridge.",
    "zh": "我们冰箱里的食物大部分是蔬菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising housing costs constitute a major barrier to financial independence for young adults in large cities.",
    "zh": "不断上涨的住房成本构成了大城市年轻人实现经济独立的一大障碍。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "constitute a majority｜占多数",
   "constitute a threat｜构成威胁",
   "constitute a breach｜构成违反",
   "constitute a committee｜正式成立委员会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "constitution (n.)",
   "constituent (n.)",
   "constitutional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "compose",
   "form"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表组成时通常以部分作主语，整体作宾语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "constitute"
 },
 {
  "w": "preoperative",
  "uk": "/ˌpriːˈɒpərətɪv/",
  "us": "/ˌpriːˈɑːpərətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "手术前的",
    "en": "Happening or provided before a surgical operation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse explained my preoperative checks before tomorrow's surgery.",
    "zh": "护士向我解释了明天手术前要做的检查。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Thorough preoperative assessment helps medical teams identify potential risks and plan appropriate care for each patient.",
    "zh": "全面的术前评估帮助医疗团队识别潜在风险，并为每位患者制定适当的护理计划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "preoperative assessment｜术前评估",
   "preoperative care｜术前护理",
   "preoperative preparation｜术前准备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "operative (adj.)",
   "postoperative (adj.)",
   "operation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "presurgical"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "postoperative"
  ],
  "tip": "pre- 表示之前；postoperative 则表示手术后的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "preoperative"
 },
 {
  "w": "inherent",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈhɪərənt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈhɪrənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "固有的；内在的",
    "en": "Existing as a natural or essential part of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Even simple home repairs come with some inherent risks.",
    "zh": "即使是简单的家居维修也有一些固有风险。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policymakers must recognise the inherent limitations of economic growth as a measure of social progress and wellbeing.",
    "zh": "政策制定者必须认识到，用经济增长衡量社会进步和福祉存在固有局限。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inherent risks｜固有风险",
   "inherent limitations｜固有局限",
   "inherent in｜内在于；固有于",
   "inherent value｜内在价值"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inherently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "intrinsic",
   "built-in"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "extrinsic"
  ],
  "tip": "常用inherent in；强调本身具有，而非后来获得。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inherent"
 },
 {
  "w": "empirical",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpɪrɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpɪrɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "实证的；基于观察的",
    "en": "based on observation or experiments rather than theory alone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our garden trial provided empirical evidence that compost helps plants.",
    "zh": "我们的花园试验提供了堆肥有益植物的实证依据。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Education policies should be supported by empirical research rather than assumptions about how children learn.",
    "zh": "教育政策应以实证研究为依据，而不是依赖对儿童学习方式的假设。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "empirical evidence｜实证证据",
   "empirical research｜实证研究",
   "empirical data｜实证数据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "empirically (adv.)",
   "empiricism (n.)",
   "empiricist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "theoretical"
  ],
  "tip": "强调观察或实验依据，不等于个人经验之谈。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "empirical"
 },
 {
  "w": "waterfront",
  "uk": "/ˈwɔːtəfrʌnt/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːtərfrʌnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "滨水区；水岸地带",
    "en": "An area beside a sea, lake, or river, especially in towns."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked along the waterfront after an early dinner.",
    "zh": "我们早早吃完晚饭后沿着水岸散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Redeveloping the waterfront can create attractive public spaces, provided that existing residents are not forced to leave.",
    "zh": "滨水区改造可以创造宜人的公共空间，前提是不迫使原有居民搬离。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "along the waterfront｜沿着水岸",
   "waterfront development｜滨水区开发",
   "a waterfront restaurant｜水边餐厅"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指城镇临水地带，不一定是沙滩或海边。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "waterfront"
 },
 {
  "w": "redistribute",
  "uk": "/ˌriːdɪˈstrɪbjuːt/",
  "us": "/ˌriːdɪˈstrɪbjuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "重新分配；重新分布",
    "en": "To share out or spread something again in a different way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We redistributed the blankets so everyone had one.",
    "zh": "我们重新分配了毯子，让每个人都有一条。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Progressive taxation can redistribute wealth and help governments fund essential services for disadvantaged communities.",
    "zh": "累进税制能够重新分配财富，并帮助政府为弱势社区的基本服务提供资金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "redistribute wealth｜重新分配财富",
   "redistribute income｜重新分配收入",
   "redistribute resources｜重新分配资源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "distribute (v.)",
   "distribution (n.)",
   "redistribution (n.)",
   "redistributive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reallocate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调改变原有分配，不一定意味着平均分配。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "redistribute"
 },
 {
  "w": "compliance",
  "uk": "/kəmˈplaɪəns/",
  "us": "/kəmˈplaɪəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "遵守；服从",
    "en": "the act of following a rule, law, or request"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The inspector checked our kitchen for compliance with hygiene rules.",
    "zh": "检查员查看了我们的厨房是否符合卫生规定。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular inspections can improve compliance with environmental regulations and reduce pollution from industrial facilities.",
    "zh": "定期检查可以促进企业遵守环境法规，减少工业设施造成的污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "compliance with regulations｜遵守规定",
   "ensure compliance｜确保合规",
   "in compliance with｜按照；遵照"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "comply (v.)",
   "compliant (adj.)",
   "non-compliance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adherence",
   "conformity"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "non-compliance"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；表示遵守某规定时用compliance with。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "compliance"
 },
 {
  "w": "phony",
  "uk": "/ˈfəʊni/",
  "us": "/ˈfoʊni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "假的；虚伪的",
    "en": "Not genuine, or intended to deceive people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "骗子；虚伪的人",
    "en": "Someone who pretends to be something they are not"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His phony smile disappeared as soon as we left.",
    "zh": "我们一走，他那虚假的笑容就消失了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers should be cautious about phony online reviews that exaggerate the benefits of health products.",
    "zh": "消费者应警惕夸大保健产品功效的虚假网络评论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "phony smile｜假笑",
   "phony excuse｜虚假的借口",
   "phony claims｜虚假说法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "phoniness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fake",
   "bogus",
   "insincere"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "genuine",
   "authentic"
  ],
  "tip": "偏口语；英式英语也常拼作phoney。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "phony"
 },
 {
  "w": "meticulously",
  "uk": "/məˈtɪkjələsli/",
  "us": "/məˈtɪkjələsli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "一丝不苟地；细致地",
    "en": "with great care and attention to every detail"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She meticulously cleaned each tiny part of the watch.",
    "zh": "她一丝不苟地清洁手表的每个微小零件。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must meticulously record their procedures so that other teams can reproduce and verify the results.",
    "zh": "研究人员必须细致记录操作步骤，以便其他团队复现并验证结果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "meticulously planned｜精心规划的",
   "meticulously documented｜详尽记录的",
   "meticulously examine｜仔细检查"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "meticulous (adj.)",
   "meticulousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "carefully",
   "thoroughly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "carelessly"
  ],
  "tip": "强调关注每个细节，不表示“胆小地”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meticulously"
 },
 {
  "w": "spherical",
  "uk": "/ˈsferɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsfɪrɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "球形的；球状的",
    "en": "shaped like a ball"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A spherical lamp hung above the dining table.",
    "zh": "餐桌上方挂着一盏球形灯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers use spherical particles of different sizes to investigate how pollutants move through water filtration systems.",
    "zh": "研究人员使用大小不同的球形颗粒，研究污染物如何通过水过滤系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spherical shape｜球形",
   "spherical particles｜球形颗粒",
   "spherical surface｜球面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sphere (n.)",
   "spherically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ball-shaped"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "spherical指立体球形；circular指平面圆形。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spherical"
 },
 {
  "w": "specification",
  "uk": "/ˌspesɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌspesɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "规格；技术要求",
    "en": "A detailed description of how something must be designed or made."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Check the specifications before buying a new laptop.",
    "zh": "买新笔记本电脑前，先查看规格参数。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear building specifications help ensure that new housing meets safety standards and uses energy efficiently.",
    "zh": "明确的建筑技术要求有助于确保新住房符合安全标准并高效利用能源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "technical specifications｜技术规格",
   "meet specifications｜符合规格要求",
   "design specification｜设计规范",
   "to specification｜按规定规格"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "specify (v.)",
   "specific (adj.)",
   "specifically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "谈产品各项参数常用复数specifications，可简称specs。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "specification"
 },
 {
  "w": "acute",
  "uk": "/əˈkjuːt/",
  "us": "/əˈkjuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严重的；强烈的",
    "en": "Very serious or intense."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "急性的",
    "en": "Starting suddenly and lasting a short time, often severely."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "敏锐的",
    "en": "Quick to notice or understand things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The village faced an acute water shortage last summer.",
    "zh": "去年夏天，这个村庄面临严重缺水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An acute shortage of affordable housing forces many young workers to live far from their workplaces.",
    "zh": "经济适用住房的严重短缺迫使许多年轻劳动者住在远离工作地点的地方。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "acute shortage｜严重短缺",
   "acute pain｜剧痛",
   "acute illness｜急性疾病",
   "acute awareness｜敏锐的意识"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "acutely (adv.)",
   "acuteness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "severe",
   "intense",
   "keen"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "chronic"
  ],
  "tip": "疾病中acute与chronic（慢性的）相对。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "acute"
 },
 {
  "w": "ventilate",
  "uk": "/ˈventɪleɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈventəleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使通风",
    "en": "To allow fresh air to enter and circulate through somewhere."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "公开表达；公开讨论",
    "en": "To express or discuss opinions and concerns openly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Open both windows to ventilate the kitchen after cooking.",
    "zh": "做完饭后打开两扇窗，给厨房通风。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should ventilate classrooms regularly to improve indoor air quality and create healthier learning environments.",
    "zh": "学校应定期给教室通风，以改善室内空气质量，创造更健康的学习环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ventilate a room｜给房间通风",
   "well-ventilated buildings｜通风良好的建筑",
   "ventilate grievances｜公开表达不满"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ventilation (n.)",
   "ventilator (n.)",
   "ventilated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "air"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "使通风是常用义；表示公开讨论时较正式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ventilate"
 },
 {
  "w": "microcosm",
  "uk": "/ˈmaɪkrəʊkɒzəm/",
  "us": "/ˈmaɪkroʊkɑːzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缩影；微型世界",
    "en": "A small system showing the features of a larger one."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our busy kitchen is a microcosm of family life.",
    "zh": "我们忙碌的厨房是家庭生活的一个缩影。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A diverse urban neighbourhood can serve as a microcosm of the wider society's opportunities and challenges.",
    "zh": "一个多元化的城市社区可以成为整个社会所面临的机遇与挑战的缩影。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a microcosm of society｜社会的缩影",
   "in microcosm｜以缩影形式",
   "serve as a microcosm｜充当缩影"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "microcosmic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "macrocosm"
  ],
  "tip": "常用a microcosm of，指缩影，不只是微小事物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "microcosm"
 },
 {
  "w": "retrospect",
  "uk": "/ˈretrəspekt/",
  "us": "/ˈretrəspekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "回顾；回想",
    "en": "Consideration of past events, often with a changed understanding."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "In retrospect, packing extra socks was a brilliant idea.",
    "zh": "现在回想起来，多带几双袜子真是个好主意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In retrospect, investing earlier in public transport could have prevented many of the city's current traffic problems.",
    "zh": "回过头看，如果早点投资公共交通，本可以避免这座城市目前的许多交通问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in retrospect｜回过头看",
   "only in retrospect｜只有事后回想才"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "retrospective (adj.)",
   "retrospectively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hindsight"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常用于固定短语in retrospect，表示事后回想。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "retrospect"
 },
 {
  "w": "facilitate",
  "uk": "/fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/",
  "us": "/fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "促进；使便利",
    "en": "make an action or process easier"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These sliding doors facilitate access for people using wheelchairs.",
    "zh": "这些推拉门方便使用轮椅的人进出。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital platforms can facilitate collaboration between students in different countries, allowing them to exchange ideas more easily.",
    "zh": "数字平台可以促进不同国家学生之间的合作，让他们更容易交流想法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "facilitate communication｜促进沟通",
   "facilitate learning｜促进学习",
   "facilitate access｜方便进入或使用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "facilitation (n.)",
   "facilitator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ease",
   "assist"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hinder",
   "impede"
  ],
  "tip": "后接名词或动名词，不用facilitate somebody to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "facilitate"
 },
 {
  "w": "recur",
  "uk": "/rɪˈkɜː/",
  "us": "/rɪˈkɝː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "再次发生；反复出现",
    "en": "to happen again, especially repeatedly or after an interval"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "If these headaches recur, please speak to your doctor.",
    "zh": "如果这些头痛再次出现，请咨询医生。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traffic congestion will continue to recur unless cities address the underlying causes of excessive car use.",
    "zh": "除非城市解决汽车使用过度的根本原因，否则交通拥堵将继续反复出现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a recurring problem｜反复出现的问题",
   "a recurring theme｜反复出现的主题",
   "symptoms recur｜症状复发"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recurrence (n.)",
   "recurrent (adj.)",
   "recurring (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "repeat",
   "reappear"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不及物动词；过去式recurred，分词recurring。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recur"
 },
 {
  "w": "overthrow",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈθrəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvərˈθroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推翻；颠覆",
    "en": "to remove a ruler or government from power"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推翻；政权覆灭",
    "en": "the removal of a ruler or government from power"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The film follows citizens who overthrow an unfair ruler.",
    "zh": "这部电影讲述民众推翻不公正统治者的故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Economic hardship can weaken public support for a government and encourage attempts to overthrow it.",
    "zh": "经济困难可能削弱公众对政府的支持，并促使人们尝试推翻它。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "overthrow a government｜推翻政府",
   "overthrow a regime｜推翻政权",
   "the overthrow of a ruler｜统治者被推翻"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "topple",
   "oust"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式overthrew，过去分词overthrown。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overthrow"
 },
 {
  "w": "incense",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnsens/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnsens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "香；熏香",
    "en": "a substance burned to produce a pleasant smell"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A thin trail of smoke rose from the incense.",
    "zh": "一缕轻烟从熏香上缓缓升起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Burning incense indoors can affect air quality, particularly in small rooms with inadequate ventilation.",
    "zh": "在室内焚香可能影响空气质量，尤其是在通风不足的小房间里。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "burn incense｜焚香",
   "incense sticks｜线香",
   "incense burner｜香炉"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在前；同形动词重音在后，意为激怒。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "incense"
 },
 {
  "w": "freak",
  "uk": "/friːk/",
  "us": "/friːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "异常的；罕见的",
    "en": "Very unusual and unexpected"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狂热爱好者",
    "en": "Someone extremely interested in a particular activity or subject"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "惊慌；吓坏",
    "en": "To become very frightened or upset, or make someone so"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A freak hailstorm covered our garden in white ice.",
    "zh": "一场罕见的冰雹把我们的花园盖上了一层白冰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A freak weather event can expose weaknesses in urban infrastructure and disrupt essential public services.",
    "zh": "异常天气事件可能暴露城市基础设施的薄弱环节，并扰乱基本公共服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a freak accident｜离奇的意外事故",
   "a freak storm｜罕见的风暴",
   "a fitness freak｜健身狂热爱好者",
   "freak out｜惊慌失措"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "freaky (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unusual",
   "abnormal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词通常置于名词前；动词常用freak out。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "用作名词贬称外貌或行为异常的人时带侮辱性。",
  "id": "freak"
 },
 {
  "w": "forgery",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːdʒəri/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrdʒəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "伪造；伪造品",
    "en": "Making illegal copies of documents or artworks; such a copy."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The painting in the shop was a forgery.",
    "zh": "商店里的那幅画是一件赝品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museums employ specialists to detect forgery and protect the public from misleading claims about historical objects.",
    "zh": "博物馆聘请专家识别伪造品，避免公众被有关历史文物的不实说法误导。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "document forgery｜文件伪造",
   "art forgery｜艺术品伪造",
   "detect a forgery｜识别伪造品",
   "a convincing forgery｜足以乱真的赝品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "forge (v.)",
   "forger (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "counterfeit",
   "fake"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "forgery是伪造或赝品；锻造作坊是forge。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "forgery"
 },
 {
  "w": "brim",
  "uk": "/brɪm/",
  "us": "/brɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "容器上缘；口沿",
    "en": "the upper edge of a cup, bowl, or other container"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "帽檐",
    "en": "the part of a hat extending outward around its base"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "充满；满溢",
    "en": "to be full of liquid or a strong feeling"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She filled my cup to the brim with tea.",
    "zh": "她把我的杯子倒满了茶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community centres brimming with activity can strengthen social connections and reduce isolation among older residents.",
    "zh": "活动丰富的社区中心能够加强社会联系，减少老年居民的孤独感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "to the brim｜到满沿；满满地",
   "a wide brim｜宽帽檐",
   "brim with confidence｜充满信心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "brimmed (adj.)",
   "brimless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "满到杯沿用to the brim；充满用brim with。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brim"
 },
 {
  "w": "liable",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "很可能遭受…的",
    "en": "Likely to experience something, especially something unpleasant."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "负有法律责任的",
    "en": "Legally responsible for something, especially damage or payment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These old pipes are liable to burst in winter.",
    "zh": "这些旧水管在冬天很容易爆裂。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers may be held liable for injuries caused by unsafe conditions in the workplace.",
    "zh": "雇主可能须对工作场所不安全条件造成的伤害承担法律责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "liable to do something｜很可能做某事",
   "liable for damages｜负有损害赔偿责任",
   "be held liable｜被认定负有法律责任"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "liability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "liable to后接动词表可能；liable for表责任。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "liable"
 },
 {
  "w": "dispatch",
  "uk": "/dɪˈspætʃ/",
  "us": "/dɪˈspætʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "派遣；发送",
    "en": "To send someone or something to a particular destination."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发送；派遣",
    "en": "The act of sending goods, messages, or people somewhere."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新闻报道；公文",
    "en": "An official message or a report sent by a journalist."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop dispatched my new shoes this morning.",
    "zh": "商店今天早上寄出了我的新鞋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should dispatch emergency teams quickly when severe flooding threatens homes and essential infrastructure.",
    "zh": "当严重洪灾威胁住宅和关键基础设施时，地方政府应迅速派出应急队伍。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dispatch goods｜发货",
   "dispatch a team｜派出队伍",
   "ready for dispatch｜备妥待发",
   "a news dispatch｜新闻报道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dispatcher (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "send"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "despatch也是正确拼写，但dispatch更常见。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dispatch"
 },
 {
  "w": "alignment",
  "uk": "/əˈlaɪnmənt/",
  "us": "/əˈlaɪnmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "对齐；排列成直线",
    "en": "The arrangement of objects in a straight line or correct position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一致；协调",
    "en": "Agreement between ideas, aims, or actions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "结盟；政治联合",
    "en": "An association between groups sharing political aims or interests."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic checked the alignment of my front wheels.",
    "zh": "修理工检查了我的前轮定位。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Closer alignment between school curricula and workplace needs could improve employment prospects for young graduates.",
    "zh": "学校课程与职场需求更加协调，有助于改善年轻毕业生的就业前景。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wheel alignment｜车轮定位",
   "in alignment with｜与……一致",
   "political alignment｜政治结盟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "align (v.)",
   "aligned (adj.)",
   "misalignment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in alignment with可指位置对齐或目标一致。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alignment"
 },
 {
  "w": "democrat",
  "uk": "/ˈdeməkræt/",
  "us": "/ˈdeməkræt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "民主主义者",
    "en": "Someone who supports government based on the people's choices"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "美国民主党党员或支持者",
    "en": "A member or supporter of the Democratic Party in America"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "As a democrat, she wants everyone to have a vote.",
    "zh": "作为民主主义者，她希望人人都有投票权。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A committed democrat should defend fair elections even when the results favour a competing political party.",
    "zh": "坚定的民主主义者即使面对有利于竞争政党的结果，也应捍卫公正的选举。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "committed democrat｜坚定的民主主义者",
   "lifelong democrat｜终身信奉民主的人",
   "liberal democrat｜自由民主主义者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "democracy (n.)",
   "democratic (adj.)",
   "democratically (adv.)",
   "democratise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "autocrat"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指民主主义者用小写；美国民主党人写作Democrat。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "democrat"
 },
 {
  "w": "malice",
  "uk": "/ˈmælɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈmælɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恶意；害人之心",
    "en": "a desire to hurt someone or cause them trouble"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There was no malice in his teasing smile.",
    "zh": "他打趣的笑容里并没有恶意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should distinguish between careless remarks and comments made with malice when addressing conflicts among students.",
    "zh": "学校在处理学生之间的冲突时，应区分无心之言和恶意评论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "with malice｜怀着恶意",
   "bear no malice｜不怀恶意",
   "out of malice｜出于恶意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "malicious (adj.)",
   "maliciously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ill will",
   "spite"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "goodwill"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；with malice 表示“怀着恶意”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "malice"
 },
 {
  "w": "certification",
  "uk": "/ˌsɜːtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌsɝːtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "认证；资格证明",
    "en": "Official confirmation that someone or something meets required standards."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The swimming instructor proudly showed us her new certification.",
    "zh": "游泳教练自豪地向我们展示了她新取得的资格证明。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent certification helps consumers identify products that meet recognised environmental standards throughout the production process.",
    "zh": "独立认证帮助消费者识别在整个生产过程中符合公认环保标准的产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "professional certification｜专业资格认证",
   "obtain certification｜获得认证",
   "certification body｜认证机构",
   "certification process｜认证流程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "certify (v.)",
   "certificate (n.)",
   "certified (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "certification重认证；certificate常指证书本身。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "certification"
 },
 {
  "w": "requisite",
  "uk": "/ˈrekwɪzɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈrekwɪzɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "必需的；必要的",
    "en": "needed for a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "必需品；必要条件",
    "en": "something necessary for a particular purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She has the requisite skills to repair this bicycle.",
    "zh": "她具备修理这辆自行车所必需的技能。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Applicants without the requisite qualifications may benefit from training programmes designed to improve access to skilled employment.",
    "zh": "不具备必要资历的申请者或可受益于旨在帮助人们进入技术岗位的培训项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "requisite skills｜必备技能",
   "requisite qualifications｜必要资历",
   "a requisite for success｜成功的必要条件"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "necessary",
   "required",
   "essential"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unnecessary"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式；requisite 指必需，prerequisite 强调先决。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "requisite"
 },
 {
  "w": "deceit",
  "uk": "/dɪˈsiːt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈsiːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "欺骗；欺诈",
    "en": "Dishonest behaviour intended to make someone believe something false."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His deceit became clear when we opened the empty box.",
    "zh": "我们打开空盒子时，他的骗局就暴露了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Deceit in advertising can damage consumer trust and create unfair advantages for companies that misrepresent their products.",
    "zh": "广告中的欺骗行为会损害消费者信任，并让虚假宣传产品的企业获得不公平的优势。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deliberate deceit｜蓄意欺骗",
   "an act of deceit｜欺骗行为",
   "lies and deceit｜谎言与欺骗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deceive (v.)",
   "deceitful (adj.)",
   "deceitfully (adv.)",
   "deception (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deception",
   "dishonesty"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "honesty"
  ],
  "tip": "deceit通常不可数；一次欺骗可用an act of deceit。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deceit"
 },
 {
  "w": "suspension",
  "uk": "/səˈspenʃən/",
  "us": "/səˈspenʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "暂停；停职；停学",
    "en": "A temporary stop to an activity or someone's participation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "车辆悬架",
    "en": "Vehicle parts that reduce shaking on uneven roads"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "悬浮液；悬浮状态",
    "en": "A liquid containing undissolved particles, or their state within it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The storm caused the suspension of all ferry services.",
    "zh": "暴风雨导致所有渡轮服务暂停。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The temporary suspension of construction work allowed researchers to assess the project's impact on local wildlife.",
    "zh": "建筑工程的暂时停工让研究人员得以评估该项目对当地野生动物的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "suspension of services｜服务暂停",
   "school suspension｜停学处分",
   "suspension system｜悬架系统",
   "in suspension｜处于悬浮状态"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suspend (v.)",
   "suspended (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示暂时中止；车辆语境中指悬架。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suspension"
 },
 {
  "w": "overrun",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈrʌn/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvərˈrʌn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "侵占；大量充斥",
    "en": "To spread through or occupy a place in unwanted numbers."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "超出时间或费用限度",
    "en": "To continue beyond an agreed time or cost limit."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "超时；超支",
    "en": "An amount by which planned time or costs are exceeded."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Weeds have overrun the garden since our neighbours moved away.",
    "zh": "邻居搬走后，花园里就长满了杂草。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Major infrastructure projects often overrun their budgets when planners underestimate material costs and construction delays.",
    "zh": "规划者低估材料成本和施工延误时，大型基础设施项目往往会超支。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be overrun with weeds｜杂草丛生",
   "overrun the budget｜超出预算",
   "cost overrun｜成本超支"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "变化为overran、overrun；名词重音在首音节。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overrun"
 },
 {
  "w": "instrumental",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnstrəˈmentəl/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnstrəˈmentəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "起重要作用的",
    "en": "playing an important part in making something happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "器乐的",
    "en": "performed with musical instruments rather than voices"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "器乐曲",
    "en": "a piece of music performed without singing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your advice was instrumental in helping me find work.",
    "zh": "你的建议对我找到工作起了重要作用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport has been instrumental in reducing traffic congestion in several major cities.",
    "zh": "对公共交通的投资在缓解多个大城市的交通拥堵方面起了重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be instrumental in｜在……中起重要作用",
   "instrumental music｜器乐",
   "instrumental version｜器乐版"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "instrument (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“起重要作用”时，用 be instrumental in doing。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "instrumental"
 },
 {
  "w": "exploitation",
  "uk": "/ˌeksplɔɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌeksplɔɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "剥削；压榨",
    "en": "Unfair treatment of people to gain benefits from their work"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "开发；利用",
    "en": "Using resources or opportunities to gain an advantage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The workers demanded fair wages and protection from exploitation.",
    "zh": "工人们要求合理的工资，并要求得到保护免受剥削。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The uncontrolled exploitation of natural resources can damage ecosystems and undermine the livelihoods of communities that depend on them.",
    "zh": "对自然资源的无节制开发会破坏生态系统，并损害依赖这些资源的社区居民的生计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "labour exploitation｜劳工剥削",
   "commercial exploitation｜商业开发",
   "exploitation of natural resources｜自然资源的开发利用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exploit (v.)",
   "exploitative (adj.)",
   "exploiter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用于人常指剥削；用于资源指开发利用，需看语境。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exploitation"
 },
 {
  "w": "tranquilizer",
  "uk": "/ˈtræŋkwɪlaɪzə/",
  "us": "/ˈtræŋkwɪlaɪzər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "镇静药；安定药",
    "en": "A drug used to calm people or animals and reduce anxiety."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The vet gave the frightened horse a tranquilizer.",
    "zh": "兽医给受惊的马用了一剂镇静药。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Doctors should carefully assess the risks before prescribing a tranquilizer to a patient with persistent anxiety.",
    "zh": "医生在给持续焦虑的患者开镇静药之前，应仔细评估风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prescribe a tranquilizer｜开镇静药",
   "take a tranquilizer｜服用镇静药",
   "tranquilizer dart｜麻醉飞镖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tranquil (adj.)",
   "tranquilize (v.)",
   "tranquility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常拼tranquilizer，英式常拼tranquilliser。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tranquilizer"
 },
 {
  "w": "prevailing",
  "uk": "/prɪˈveɪlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/prɪˈveɪlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "普遍的；占主导的",
    "en": "Most common or influential at a particular time or place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The prevailing mood at dinner was one of relief.",
    "zh": "晚餐时，大家普遍都松了一口气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The prevailing view among urban planners is that reliable public transport can reduce dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "城市规划者普遍认为，可靠的公共交通能减少人们对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prevailing view｜主流观点",
   "prevailing conditions｜当前普遍状况",
   "prevailing wind｜盛行风",
   "prevailing attitude｜普遍态度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prevail (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dominant",
   "predominant"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常置于名词前；prevailing wind指盛行风。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prevailing"
 },
 {
  "w": "lull",
  "uk": "/lʌl/",
  "us": "/lʌl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "暂时平静；间歇",
    "en": "A short period when activity or noise becomes less intense."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使平静；哄入睡",
    "en": "To calm someone or gently help them fall asleep."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使放松警惕",
    "en": "To make someone feel safe when danger may still exist."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stepped outside during a lull in the rain.",
    "zh": "趁雨暂时停歇，我们走到了外面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A temporary lull in economic activity may give businesses time to review their long-term strategies.",
    "zh": "经济活动的暂时放缓可能让企业有时间重新审视其长期战略。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a lull in activity｜活动的暂时停歇",
   "lull someone to sleep｜哄某人入睡",
   "lull someone into a false sense of security｜使某人产生虚假的安全感"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lull强调暂时平静，不表示彻底结束。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lull"
 },
 {
  "w": "obnoxious",
  "uk": "/əbˈnɒkʃəs/",
  "us": "/əbˈnɑːkʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极讨厌的；令人反感的",
    "en": "extremely unpleasant or offensive"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An obnoxious passenger played loud music throughout the journey.",
    "zh": "一个讨厌的乘客一路都在大声播放音乐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Obnoxious behaviour on public transport can discourage commuters from using otherwise convenient and affordable services.",
    "zh": "公共交通上的恶劣行为可能让通勤者不愿使用原本便捷又实惠的服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "obnoxious behaviour｜令人反感的行为",
   "obnoxious remark｜令人厌恶的言论",
   "obnoxious person｜讨厌的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "obnoxiously (adv.)",
   "obnoxiousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "offensive",
   "unpleasant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "pleasant",
   "agreeable"
  ],
  "tip": "语气比annoying强，常形容无礼的人或行为。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obnoxious"
 },
 {
  "w": "droop",
  "uk": "/druːp/",
  "us": "/druːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "下垂；低垂",
    "en": "Hang or bend down, often from weakness or tiredness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The flowers began to droop in the afternoon heat.",
    "zh": "鲜花在午后的高温下开始低垂。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During prolonged droughts, leaves often droop as plants lose water and struggle to maintain their structure.",
    "zh": "长期干旱期间，植物因失水而难以维持形态，叶片往往会下垂。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "drooping eyelids｜耷拉的眼皮",
   "flowers droop｜花朵低垂",
   "shoulders droop｜肩膀耷拉下来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "droopy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sag"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常形容花叶、眼皮或肩膀因缺水、疲倦而下垂。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "droop"
 },
 {
  "w": "haste",
  "uk": "/heɪst/",
  "us": "/heɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "匆忙；仓促",
    "en": "Speed in acting, often without enough care or thought."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "In my haste, I left my keys on the table.",
    "zh": "我匆忙之中把钥匙落在了桌上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policies developed in haste may overlook the needs of vulnerable groups and create additional social problems.",
    "zh": "仓促制定的政策可能忽视弱势群体的需求，并引发更多社会问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in haste｜匆忙地",
   "undue haste｜过度仓促",
   "make haste｜赶快"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hasty (adj.)",
   "hastily (adv.)",
   "hasten (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hurry",
   "rush"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "slowness"
  ],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；in haste意为匆忙地。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "haste"
 },
 {
  "w": "perspire",
  "uk": "/pəˈspaɪə/",
  "us": "/pərˈspaɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "出汗；流汗",
    "en": "to release sweat through your skin, especially when hot"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I began to perspire while carrying the heavy boxes.",
    "zh": "搬那些沉重的箱子时，我开始出汗了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People perspire more during intense exercise because the body needs to release excess heat.",
    "zh": "剧烈运动时人会出更多汗，因为身体需要散发多余的热量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "perspire heavily｜大量出汗",
   "perspire freely｜汗流不止"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perspiration (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sweat"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比sweat正式；通常作不及物动词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "perspire"
 },
 {
  "w": "irrigation",
  "uk": "/ˌɪrɪˈɡeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪrɪˈɡeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灌溉",
    "en": "The supply of water to land so crops can grow."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farm's irrigation system keeps these vegetables growing.",
    "zh": "农场的灌溉系统让这些蔬菜持续生长。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Efficient irrigation can increase crop yields while reducing water consumption in regions affected by drought.",
    "zh": "在受干旱影响的地区，高效灌溉可以提高作物产量，同时减少用水量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "irrigation system｜灌溉系统",
   "drip irrigation｜滴灌",
   "irrigation canal｜灌溉渠",
   "irrigation water｜灌溉用水"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "irrigate (v.)",
   "irrigated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；动词形式是irrigate。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "irrigation"
 },
 {
  "w": "designate",
  "uk": "/ˈdezɪɡneɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈdezɪɡneɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "指定；指派",
    "en": "To officially choose someone or something for a particular purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "标明；命名",
    "en": "To give something an official name or identifying description."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We designated one cupboard for all our cleaning supplies.",
    "zh": "我们指定了一个橱柜专门存放所有清洁用品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should designate more urban land as protected green space to improve residents' quality of life.",
    "zh": "地方政府应将更多城市土地划为受保护的绿地，以改善居民的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "designate someone as｜指定某人为",
   "designate an area for｜划定区域用于",
   "designated parking spaces｜指定停车位"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "designation (n.)",
   "designated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "appoint",
   "assign"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "designate A as B表示指定或认定A为B。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "designate"
 },
 {
  "w": "diminish",
  "uk": "/dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/",
  "us": "/dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "减少；减弱；降低",
    "en": "to become smaller or weaker, or make something so"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "贬低；轻视",
    "en": "to make someone or something seem less important or valuable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pain in my ankle gradually diminished overnight.",
    "zh": "一夜之间，我脚踝的疼痛逐渐减轻了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in reliable public transport can diminish dependence on private cars and improve air quality in crowded cities.",
    "zh": "投资建设可靠的公共交通可以减少对私家车的依赖，改善拥挤城市的空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "diminish significantly｜显著减少",
   "diminish in importance｜重要性降低",
   "diminish the impact｜减轻影响",
   "diminishing returns｜递减的收益"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "diminished (adj.)",
   "diminishing (adj.)",
   "diminution (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "decrease",
   "reduce",
   "lessen"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "increase",
   "enhance"
  ],
  "tip": "既可及物也可不及物：信心可diminish，也可被削弱。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diminish"
 },
 {
  "w": "midst",
  "uk": "/mɪdst/",
  "us": "/mɪdst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "中间；当中",
    "en": "The middle of a place, group, activity, or situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a quiet garden in the midst of town.",
    "zh": "我们在镇中心找到了一座安静的花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In the midst of rapid urban growth, planners must preserve accessible green spaces for residents.",
    "zh": "在城市快速发展的过程中，规划者必须为居民保留便于到达的绿地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the midst of｜在……之中",
   "in our midst｜在我们中间"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常用于in the midst of，表示身处其中或正值某时。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "midst"
 },
 {
  "w": "cosmos",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒzmɒs/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːzmoʊs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宇宙",
    "en": "The universe considered as a complete, ordered system."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Looking through the telescope made me curious about the cosmos.",
    "zh": "透过望远镜观察让我对宇宙产生了好奇。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying the cosmos helps scientists investigate how galaxies formed and how the universe has changed over time.",
    "zh": "研究宇宙有助于科学家探究星系如何形成，以及宇宙如何随时间演变。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "explore the cosmos｜探索宇宙",
   "the origins of the cosmos｜宇宙的起源",
   "the vastness of the cosmos｜宇宙的浩瀚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cosmic (adj.)",
   "cosmology (n.)",
   "cosmologist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "universe"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示宇宙时通常用the cosmos。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cosmos"
 },
 {
  "w": "lurk",
  "uk": "/lɜːk/",
  "us": "/lɝːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "潜伏；鬼祟地躲藏",
    "en": "stay hidden, often waiting to do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "暗藏；潜在",
    "en": "exist unnoticed and potentially cause trouble"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A cat lurked behind the sofa, watching my shoelaces.",
    "zh": "一只猫躲在沙发后面，盯着我的鞋带。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Security risks may lurk in outdated software, making regular system updates essential for protecting personal information.",
    "zh": "过时的软件中可能暗藏安全风险，因此定期更新系统对保护个人信息至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lurk in the shadows｜潜伏在暗处",
   "lurk behind｜潜藏在……背后",
   "danger lurks｜危险潜伏"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "hide",
   "skulk"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常作不及物动词；可用危险等抽象事物作主语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lurk"
 },
 {
  "w": "enforce",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈfɔːs/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈfɔːrs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "执行；强制实施",
    "en": "Make sure that people obey a law or rule."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pool staff enforce strict rules about running indoors.",
    "zh": "泳池工作人员严格执行禁止在室内奔跑的规定。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must enforce environmental regulations consistently if they want industries to reduce pollution and protect public health.",
    "zh": "政府若希望各行业减少污染、保护公众健康，就必须始终如一地执行环境法规。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enforce the law｜执法",
   "enforce regulations｜执行法规",
   "strictly enforce｜严格执行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enforcement (n.)",
   "enforceable (adj.)",
   "enforcer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "implement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "enforce后接法律或规定；迫使某人做事用force。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enforce"
 },
 {
  "w": "implicit",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈplɪsɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈplɪsɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "含蓄的；未明说的",
    "en": "Suggested or understood without being directly stated."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "内含的；固有的",
    "en": "Present as a necessary part of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "完全的；无疑问的",
    "en": "Complete and without doubt, especially describing trust or confidence."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her welcoming smile was an implicit invitation to join.",
    "zh": "她热情的笑容是在默默邀请我们加入。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many workplaces have implicit expectations about overtime, which can make employees reluctant to leave on time.",
    "zh": "许多工作场所对加班有不成文的期待，这可能让员工不敢准时下班。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "implicit agreement｜默契；未明说的协议",
   "implicit in｜内含于……",
   "implicit trust｜完全的信任",
   "implicit assumption｜隐含的假设"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "implicitly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unstated",
   "implied"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "explicit"
  ],
  "tip": "implicit指未明说；explicit指清楚明确。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "implicit"
 },
 {
  "w": "mediator",
  "uk": "/ˈmiːdieɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈmiːdieɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "调解人；调停者",
    "en": "Someone who helps opposing sides reach an agreement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A mediator helped our neighbours settle their garden fence dispute.",
    "zh": "一位调解人帮助我们的邻居解决了花园围栏纠纷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An independent mediator can help employers and workers negotiate fair conditions without resorting to lengthy legal proceedings.",
    "zh": "独立调解人可以帮助雇主和员工协商公平的工作条件，而不必诉诸漫长的法律程序。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "independent mediator｜独立调解人",
   "act as a mediator｜担任调解人",
   "appoint a mediator｜任命调解人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mediate (v.)",
   "mediation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "go-between",
   "intermediary"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "调解人促成双方协议，通常不直接作出裁决。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mediator"
 },
 {
  "w": "middleman",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪdlmæn/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪdlmæn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "中间商；中介人",
    "en": "Someone arranging deals or buying goods to sell to others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought directly from the farmer, avoiding the middleman.",
    "zh": "我们直接向农民购买，绕过了中间商。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online platforms allow small producers to reach consumers directly, reducing their dependence on a traditional middleman.",
    "zh": "网络平台让小生产者能够直接接触消费者，减少对传统中间商的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cut out the middleman｜绕过中间商",
   "act as a middleman｜充当中介人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "intermediary",
   "go-between"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为 middlemen；中性表达可用 intermediary。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "middleman"
 },
 {
  "w": "sanction",
  "uk": "/ˈsæŋkʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈsæŋkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "制裁；处罚",
    "en": "An official penalty intended to enforce rules or change behaviour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "正式批准；许可",
    "en": "To officially approve or permit an action."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "制裁；处罚",
    "en": "To impose an official penalty on someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The club imposed a sanction for breaking its rules.",
    "zh": "俱乐部对违反规定的行为作出了处罚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Economic sanctions may influence government policy, but they can also create hardship for ordinary citizens.",
    "zh": "经济制裁可能影响政府政策，但也可能给普通民众带来困苦。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "impose sanctions on｜对……实施制裁",
   "lift sanctions｜解除制裁",
   "economic sanctions｜经济制裁",
   "sanction a proposal｜批准提案"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指“制裁”或“批准”，含义相反，须看语境。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sanction"
 },
 {
  "w": "dagger",
  "uk": "/ˈdæɡə/",
  "us": "/ˈdæɡər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "匕首；短剑",
    "en": "A short pointed knife, usually with two sharp edges."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An ancient dagger lay inside the museum's glass case.",
    "zh": "一把古代匕首陈列在博物馆的玻璃展柜里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The discovery of a decorated dagger provides evidence of advanced metalworking skills in this ancient settlement.",
    "zh": "一把带装饰的匕首的发现，证明了这个古代聚居地具备先进的金属加工技艺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a ceremonial dagger｜仪式用匕首",
   "a sheathed dagger｜入鞘的匕首",
   "look daggers at someone｜怒视某人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "look daggers at someone是习语，意为怒视某人。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dagger"
 },
 {
  "w": "hydroelectric",
  "uk": "/ˌhaɪdrəʊɪˈlektrɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌhaɪdroʊɪˈlektrɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "水力发电的",
    "en": "Relating to electricity produced by the movement of water."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We visited a hydroelectric dam during our mountain holiday.",
    "zh": "我们在山区度假时参观了一座水电大坝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hydroelectric power can reduce dependence on fossil fuels, although large dams may disrupt river ecosystems.",
    "zh": "水力发电可以减少对化石燃料的依赖，但大型水坝可能扰乱河流生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hydroelectric power｜水力发电",
   "hydroelectric dam｜水电大坝",
   "hydroelectric power station｜水力发电站"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hydroelectricity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常修饰power或power station；名词为hydroelectricity。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hydroelectric"
 },
 {
  "w": "persistence",
  "uk": "/pəˈsɪstəns/",
  "us": "/pɚˈsɪstəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "坚持不懈；毅力",
    "en": "continued effort despite difficulties or delays"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "持续存在；存留",
    "en": "the fact of continuing to exist over time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After weeks of practice, his persistence finally paid off.",
    "zh": "经过几周练习，他的坚持终于有了回报。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The persistence of poverty suggests that economic growth alone cannot guarantee better living conditions for every household.",
    "zh": "贫困的持续存在表明，仅靠经济增长无法保证每个家庭的生活条件都得到改善。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "show persistence｜表现出毅力",
   "persistence pays off｜坚持终有回报",
   "the persistence of poverty｜贫困的持续存在"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "persist (v.)",
   "persistent (adj.)",
   "persistently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "perseverance",
   "continuance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指人的毅力，也可指问题或现象持续存在。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "persistence"
 },
 {
  "w": "ordinarily",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːdənrəli/",
  "us": "/ˌɔːrdəˈnerəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "通常；在一般情况下",
    "en": "Usually, or when conditions are normal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We ordinarily eat outside, but today it is raining.",
    "zh": "我们通常在户外吃饭，但今天下雨了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries ordinarily provide free internet access, helping residents who cannot afford a connection at home.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆通常提供免费网络，帮助那些无力负担家庭网络费用的居民。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "would ordinarily｜通常会",
   "ordinarily available｜通常可获得的",
   "ordinarily resident｜通常居住的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ordinary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "usually",
   "normally"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "exceptionally"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“通常”，不表示推测性的“大概”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ordinarily"
 },
 {
  "w": "instantaneous",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnstənˈteɪniəs/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnstənˈteɪniəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "瞬间发生的；即时的",
    "en": "Happening immediately, with no noticeable delay."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The relief was almost instantaneous when I removed my shoes.",
    "zh": "我一脱下鞋，几乎立刻就感觉轻松了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern communication networks allow almost instantaneous exchanges of information between researchers working on different continents.",
    "zh": "现代通信网络让不同大洲的研究人员几乎能够即时交换信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an instantaneous response｜即时反应",
   "instantaneous communication｜即时通信",
   "almost instantaneous｜几乎瞬间发生的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "instantaneously (adv.)",
   "instant (n.)",
   "instantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "immediate",
   "instant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "delayed",
   "gradual"
  ],
  "tip": "强调几乎没有时间间隔，不等于同时发生。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "instantaneous"
 },
 {
  "w": "eclipse",
  "uk": "/ɪˈklɪps/",
  "us": "/ɪˈklɪps/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "日食；月食",
    "en": "an event when one celestial body blocks another's light"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使黯然失色；超越",
    "en": "make something seem less important or impressive by comparison"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the lunar eclipse from our garden last night.",
    "zh": "昨晚我们在花园里观看了月食。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in digital services may eclipse spending on traditional infrastructure as economies become increasingly dependent on technology.",
    "zh": "随着经济日益依赖科技，数字服务投资可能超过传统基础设施支出。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "solar eclipse｜日食",
   "lunar eclipse｜月食",
   "total eclipse｜全食",
   "eclipse previous achievements｜使以往成就黯然失色"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "overshadow",
   "outshine"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "日食用solar eclipse，月食用lunar eclipse。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eclipse"
 },
 {
  "w": "reclaim",
  "uk": "/rɪˈkleɪm/",
  "us": "/rɪˈkleɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "取回；收回",
    "en": "Get back something that belongs or previously belonged to you"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开垦；使土地可用",
    "en": "Make damaged or submerged land suitable for use"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "回收利用",
    "en": "Recover useful materials from waste for reuse"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I returned to the station to reclaim my suitcase.",
    "zh": "我回到车站取回自己的行李箱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal cities sometimes reclaim land from the sea to create space for housing and transport.",
    "zh": "沿海城市有时通过填海造地，为住房和交通设施腾出空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reclaim lost property｜领回失物",
   "reclaim land｜开垦土地；填海造地",
   "reclaim materials｜回收材料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reclamation (n.)",
   "reclaimed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "reclaim强调收回或恢复利用，不只是收集。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reclaim"
 },
 {
  "w": "pertinent",
  "uk": "/ˈpɜːtɪnənt/",
  "us": "/ˈpɝːtənənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相关的；切题的",
    "en": "directly related to the matter being discussed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Lena asked a pertinent question about the repair costs.",
    "zh": "莉娜问了一个关于维修费用的切题问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Evidence about local air quality is particularly pertinent to discussions of expanding public transport networks.",
    "zh": "有关当地空气质量的证据与扩大公共交通网络的讨论尤其相关。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pertinent question｜切题的问题",
   "pertinent information｜相关信息",
   "pertinent to｜与……相关"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pertinence (n.)",
   "pertinently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "relevant",
   "apposite"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "irrelevant"
  ],
  "tip": "常用pertinent to表示与某事相关，语体较正式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pertinent"
 },
 {
  "w": "snout",
  "uk": "/snaʊt/",
  "us": "/snaʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动物突出的口鼻部",
    "en": "the projecting nose and mouth of an animal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pig pushed its snout through the wooden fence.",
    "zh": "那头猪把口鼻部伸过了木栅栏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A pig's sensitive snout helps it locate food beneath the soil, supporting its natural foraging behaviour.",
    "zh": "猪灵敏的口鼻部帮助它找到土壤下的食物，满足其自然觅食的需要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pig's snout｜猪的口鼻部",
   "a long snout｜长口鼻部",
   "a pointed snout｜尖口鼻部"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不只指猪嘴，也指其他动物突出的口鼻部。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "snout"
 },
 {
  "w": "gullible",
  "uk": "/ˈɡʌləbl/",
  "us": "/ˈɡʌləbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "轻信的；易受骗的",
    "en": "Too willing to believe what others say, even when untrue"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was gullible enough to believe his ridiculous story.",
    "zh": "我太轻信了，竟然相信了他那荒唐的故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching media literacy can help gullible consumers recognise misleading advertisements and make better informed purchasing decisions.",
    "zh": "教授媒介素养可以帮助容易受骗的消费者识别误导性广告，作出更明智的购买决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gullible consumers｜容易受骗的消费者",
   "gullible enough to believe｜轻信到竟然相信",
   "seem gullible｜显得容易受骗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gullibility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "credulous",
   "naive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sceptical"
  ],
  "tip": "带贬义，强调容易相信假话，不等于善良。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gullible"
 },
 {
  "w": "scalpel",
  "uk": "/ˈskælpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈskælpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手术刀；解剖刀",
    "en": "A small, very sharp knife used in surgery or dissection."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The surgeon placed the scalpel on a clean tray.",
    "zh": "外科医生把手术刀放在干净的托盘上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Medical students practise using a scalpel on artificial tissue before developing more advanced surgical skills.",
    "zh": "医学生先在人工组织上练习使用手术刀，再学习更高级的外科技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "surgical scalpel｜外科手术刀",
   "scalpel blade｜手术刀刀片",
   "disposable scalpel｜一次性手术刀"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，指精细切割用的手术刀或解剖刀。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scalpel"
 },
 {
  "w": "sermon",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːmən/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "布道；讲道",
    "en": "a religious talk given during a service"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "说教；训诫",
    "en": "a long talk telling someone how they should behave"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sermon encouraged everyone to help their neighbours.",
    "zh": "这场布道鼓励大家帮助邻居。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A sermon can strengthen community ties by encouraging listeners to support vulnerable people and participate in local projects.",
    "zh": "布道可以鼓励听众帮助弱势群体、参与本地项目，从而加强社区联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deliver a sermon｜进行布道",
   "a sermon on kindness｜关于善意的布道",
   "preach a sermon｜讲道"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "本义为宗教讲道；比喻“说教”时常带不满。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sermon"
 },
 {
  "w": "whereby",
  "uk": "/weəˈbaɪ/",
  "us": "/werˈbaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "借以；通过这种方式",
    "en": "By which a particular result is achieved."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We have an arrangement whereby we share the cooking.",
    "zh": "我们有个安排，轮流负责做饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools could introduce a system whereby older students provide academic support to younger pupils after lessons.",
    "zh": "学校可以引入一种制度，让高年级学生在课后为低年级学生提供学业帮助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a system whereby｜借以实现某事的制度",
   "a process whereby｜借以实现某事的过程",
   "an arrangement whereby｜据此实行的安排"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式关系副词，常接在system等词后，相当于by which。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "whereby"
 },
 {
  "w": "curb",
  "uk": "/kɜːb/",
  "us": "/kɝːb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "控制；抑制",
    "en": "to limit or control something unwanted"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "限制；约束",
    "en": "a limit on an activity or behaviour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "路缘石（美式）",
    "en": "the raised edge between a road and pavement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I try to curb my spending by cooking at home.",
    "zh": "我尽量在家做饭，以控制开支。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities can curb air pollution by improving public transport and encouraging residents to cycle.",
    "zh": "城市可以通过改善公共交通和鼓励居民骑车来抑制空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "curb spending｜控制开支",
   "curb inflation｜抑制通货膨胀",
   "a curb on emissions｜对排放的限制"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "restrain",
   "limit"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词指抑制；路缘石在英式英语中拼作kerb。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "curb"
 },
 {
  "w": "infinity",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈfɪnəti/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈfɪnəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "无穷；无限",
    "en": "The state of having no end or limit."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "无穷大",
    "en": "A mathematical concept greater than any finite quantity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The desert seemed to stretch away into infinity.",
    "zh": "沙漠仿佛一直延伸到无穷远处。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The concept of infinity allows mathematicians to explore quantities beyond the limits of ordinary measurement.",
    "zh": "无穷的概念使数学家能够研究超出常规测量范围的量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stretch into infinity｜延伸至无穷远",
   "approach infinity｜趋于无穷大",
   "an infinity of possibilities｜无穷的可能性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "infinite (adj.)",
   "infinitely (adv.)",
   "infinitude (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "endlessness",
   "boundlessness"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不是一般的“大量”；数学中常用趋于无穷大。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "infinity"
 },
 {
  "w": "infer",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈfɜː/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈfɝː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推断；推论",
    "en": "to reach a conclusion using evidence rather than direct statements"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "From her muddy shoes, I inferred she had been gardening.",
    "zh": "从她沾满泥土的鞋子，我推断她刚才在做园艺活。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers cannot infer that smaller classes improve learning without examining other factors affecting student performance.",
    "zh": "研究人员如果不考察影响学生表现的其他因素，就不能推断小班教学能改善学习效果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "infer from evidence｜根据证据推断",
   "infer that｜推断……",
   "reasonably infer｜合理推断"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inference (n.)",
   "inferential (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deduce",
   "conclude"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "infer是听者推断，imply是说者暗示。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "infer"
 },
 {
  "w": "elated",
  "uk": "/ɪˈleɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/ɪˈleɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "兴高采烈的；欣喜若狂的",
    "en": "Extremely happy and excited, especially after success or good news."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Lina was elated when she finally passed her driving test.",
    "zh": "莉娜终于通过驾照考试时，欣喜万分。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Graduates may feel elated after securing their first job, although adjusting to workplace expectations can be challenging.",
    "zh": "毕业生找到第一份工作后可能欣喜万分，尽管适应职场要求并不容易。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel elated｜感到欣喜万分",
   "elated at the news｜听到消息欣喜万分",
   "elated by success｜因成功而欢欣鼓舞"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "elate (v.)",
   "elation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "overjoyed",
   "delighted",
   "thrilled"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dejected",
   "miserable"
  ],
  "tip": "比happy语气更强，常用于成功或获悉好消息后。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elated"
 },
 {
  "w": "solvency",
  "uk": "/ˈsɒlvənsi/",
  "us": "/ˈsɑːlvənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "偿付能力",
    "en": "The ability to pay all the debts you owe."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The accountant checked the firm's solvency before approving the purchase.",
    "zh": "会计在批准这笔采购前检查了公司的偿付能力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stricter financial regulation can protect bank solvency and reduce the risk of a wider economic crisis.",
    "zh": "更严格的金融监管能够保障银行的偿付能力，降低更大范围经济危机的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "maintain solvency｜维持偿付能力",
   "financial solvency｜财务偿付能力",
   "solvency requirements｜偿付能力要求"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "solvent (adj.)",
   "insolvent (adj.)",
   "insolvency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "insolvency"
  ],
  "tip": "solvency指偿债能力，不等于盈利能力。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "solvency"
 },
 {
  "w": "alpine",
  "uk": "/ˈælpaɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈælpaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "高山的；阿尔卑斯山的",
    "en": "relating to high mountains, especially the Alps"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Tiny alpine flowers grew between rocks beside the trail.",
    "zh": "小小的高山花朵生长在小径旁的岩石缝中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising temperatures threaten alpine ecosystems by reducing snow cover and forcing mountain species to move higher.",
    "zh": "气温上升使积雪覆盖减少，并迫使山地物种向更高处迁移，从而威胁高山生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "alpine plants｜高山植物",
   "alpine meadows｜高山草甸",
   "alpine skiing｜高山滑雪",
   "alpine ecosystem｜高山生态系统"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "泛指高山环境用小写；专指阿尔卑斯山常大写。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alpine"
 },
 {
  "w": "consignment",
  "uk": "/kənˈsaɪnmənt/",
  "us": "/kənˈsaɪnmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一批运送的货物",
    "en": "A batch of goods sent to a person or place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "寄售；委托代销",
    "en": "An arrangement where sellers pay suppliers only after goods sell."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A consignment of fresh oranges arrived at the shop.",
    "zh": "一批新鲜橙子运到了店里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Delays in inspecting a consignment of medical equipment can disrupt essential services in remote communities.",
    "zh": "一批医疗设备的检验延误，可能会影响偏远社区的基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a consignment of goods｜一批货物",
   "receive a consignment｜收到一批货物",
   "on consignment｜以寄售方式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consign (v.)",
   "consignee (n.)",
   "consignor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shipment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on consignment指寄售，卖出后再向供货方付款。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consignment"
 },
 {
  "w": "primate",
  "uk": "/ˈpraɪmeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈpraɪmeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灵长类动物",
    "en": "a mammal belonging to the group including humans, monkeys, and apes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The guide pointed to a primate swinging between branches.",
    "zh": "导游指着一只在树枝间荡来荡去的灵长类动物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting tropical forests is essential for the survival of many primate species threatened by habitat loss.",
    "zh": "保护热带森林对许多因栖息地丧失而受到威胁的灵长类物种的生存至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "primate species｜灵长类物种",
   "primate behaviour｜灵长类动物的行为",
   "non-human primates｜非人灵长类动物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "包括人、猿和猴；并非只指猴子。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "primate"
 },
 {
  "w": "reminiscent",
  "uk": "/ˌremɪˈnɪsənt/",
  "us": "/ˌremɪˈnɪsənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "使人想起的；类似的",
    "en": "Reminding you of something because of a similarity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup's flavour was reminiscent of my grandmother's cooking.",
    "zh": "这汤的味道让我想起了祖母做的饭菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposed station design is reminiscent of traditional architecture, helping the building blend into its historic surroundings.",
    "zh": "拟建车站的设计令人联想到传统建筑，有助于其融入周围的历史环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reminiscent of childhood｜令人想起童年的",
   "strongly reminiscent of｜令人强烈联想到",
   "vaguely reminiscent of｜隐约使人想起"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reminisce (v.)",
   "reminiscence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "evocative"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "固定搭配be reminiscent of，介词不用about。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reminiscent"
 },
 {
  "w": "profound",
  "uk": "/prəˈfaʊnd/",
  "us": "/prəˈfaʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "深远的；强烈的",
    "en": "Very great in effect, degree, or intensity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "深刻的；深邃的",
    "en": "Showing deep thought, understanding, or insight."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Meeting my childhood teacher filled me with profound gratitude.",
    "zh": "见到儿时的老师让我心中充满了深深的感激。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to reliable internet has had a profound impact on educational opportunities in remote communities.",
    "zh": "可靠的互联网接入对偏远社区的教育机会产生了深远影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a profound impact｜深远的影响",
   "profound changes｜深刻的变化",
   "profound understanding｜深刻的理解",
   "profound sadness｜深切的悲伤"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "profoundly (adv.)",
   "profundity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deep"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "superficial"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰impact、change、understanding，不指物理深度。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "profound"
 },
 {
  "w": "delinquent",
  "uk": "/dɪˈlɪŋkwənt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈlɪŋkwənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "违法的；有不良行为的",
    "en": "Behaving illegally or antisocially, especially while young."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "逾期未付的；拖欠的",
    "en": "Not paid on time, or failing to pay on time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "违法者；少年犯",
    "en": "A person, usually young, who breaks the law."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The youth centre helps teenagers change their delinquent behaviour.",
    "zh": "这家青少年中心帮助青少年改正违法行为。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early support for vulnerable families may reduce delinquent behaviour more effectively than harsher punishments alone.",
    "zh": "及早扶助弱势家庭，可能比单纯加重惩罚更有效地减少违法行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "delinquent behaviour｜违法行为",
   "a juvenile delinquent｜少年犯",
   "delinquent payments｜逾期款项",
   "a delinquent borrower｜拖欠还款的借款人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "delinquency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "law-abiding"
  ],
  "tip": "金融语境中指逾期未付；日常多指青少年违法。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "delinquent"
 },
 {
  "w": "stride",
  "uk": "/straɪd/",
  "us": "/straɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "大步走",
    "en": "Walk with long, confident steps."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大步；步幅",
    "en": "A long step taken while walking or running."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "显著进展",
    "en": "Important progress towards a goal, usually expressed in the plural."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leila strode across the platform to catch her train.",
    "zh": "莱拉大步穿过站台去赶火车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many countries have made significant strides in improving access to primary education over recent decades.",
    "zh": "近几十年来，许多国家在扩大初等教育机会方面取得了显著进展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stride across a room｜大步穿过房间",
   "make great strides｜取得巨大进展",
   "take something in your stride｜从容应对某事"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式strode，过去分词stridden；进展常用strides。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stride"
 },
 {
  "w": "exclusivity",
  "uk": "/ˌekskluːˈsɪvəti/",
  "us": "/ˌekskluːˈsɪvəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "独家权；专有性",
    "en": "the right to provide or use something without competitors"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "排他性；仅限少数人享有",
    "en": "the quality of being available only to a select group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery secured exclusivity to sell bread at the festival.",
    "zh": "这家面包店取得了在该节庆活动中独家销售面包的权利。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although exclusivity agreements can encourage investment, they may also limit competition and raise prices for consumers.",
    "zh": "虽然独家协议能够鼓励投资，但也可能限制竞争并推高消费者支付的价格。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an exclusivity agreement｜独家协议",
   "grant exclusivity｜授予独家权",
   "a sense of exclusivity｜专属感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exclusive (adj.)",
   "exclusively (adv.)",
   "exclude (v.)",
   "exclusion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指商业独家权，也可指仅少数人享有的特性。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exclusivity"
 },
 {
  "w": "zoology",
  "uk": "/zuˈɒlədʒi/",
  "us": "/zoʊˈɑːlədʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动物学",
    "en": "the scientific study of animals"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin studies zoology and spends weekends watching birds.",
    "zh": "我的表亲学习动物学，周末常去观察鸟类。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Research in zoology helps scientists understand animal behaviour and design more effective strategies for protecting endangered species.",
    "zh": "动物学研究帮助科学家理解动物行为，并制定更有效的濒危物种保护策略。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study zoology｜学习动物学",
   "a degree in zoology｜动物学学位",
   "a zoology department｜动物学系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "zoologist (n.)",
   "zoological (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；研究植物的学科是botany。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "zoology"
 },
 {
  "w": "variant",
  "uk": "/ˈveəriənt/",
  "us": "/ˈveriənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "变体；变种",
    "en": "A form that differs slightly from other related forms."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "变异的；不同的",
    "en": "Differing in some way from the usual or related form."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This local variant of the soup includes fresh beans.",
    "zh": "这种汤的本地做法加入了新鲜豆子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A genetic variant may affect how individuals respond to certain medicines, making personalised treatment increasingly important.",
    "zh": "某种基因变异可能影响个体对特定药物的反应，因此个性化治疗日益重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a variant of｜……的一种变体",
   "genetic variant｜基因变异",
   "regional variant｜地区变体",
   "variant spelling｜异体拼写"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vary (v.)",
   "variation (n.)",
   "variable (adj.)",
   "variety (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "version",
   "variation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词常用a variant of；形容词可修饰spelling等。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "variant"
 },
 {
  "w": "commune",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmjuːn/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmjuːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公社；共同生活群体",
    "en": "a group living together and sharing possessions and responsibilities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They live in a commune and grow vegetables together.",
    "zh": "他们住在一个共同生活的群体中，一起种菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Living in a commune can reduce individual expenses, but shared decision-making requires patience and effective communication.",
    "zh": "公社生活可以减少个人开支，但共同决策需要耐心和有效沟通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "live in a commune｜在公社生活",
   "farming commune｜农业公社",
   "establish a commune｜建立公社"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "communal (adj.)",
   "communally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词指共同生活群体；动词 commune with 指心灵交流。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commune"
 },
 {
  "w": "fume",
  "uk": "/fjuːm/",
  "us": "/fjuːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "十分恼怒；生闷气",
    "en": "To feel or express strong anger."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "有害或刺鼻的烟气",
    "en": "Strong, unpleasant or harmful gas or smoke, usually plural."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He fumed when muddy shoes stained his clean carpet.",
    "zh": "泥鞋弄脏了他干净的地毯，他气坏了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Exposure to exhaust fumes can worsen respiratory conditions, particularly among children living near busy roads.",
    "zh": "接触汽车尾气可能加重呼吸系统疾病，尤其会影响住在繁忙道路附近的儿童。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fume over something｜为某事大发脾气",
   "exhaust fumes｜汽车尾气",
   "toxic fumes｜有毒烟气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fuming (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示烟气通常用复数fumes；动词常指十分恼怒。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fume"
 },
 {
  "w": "henceforth",
  "uk": "/ˌhensˈfɔːθ/",
  "us": "/ˌhensˈfɔːrθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "从今以后",
    "en": "from this time onwards"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Henceforth, we will keep spare keys in this drawer.",
    "zh": "从今以后，我们会把备用钥匙放在这个抽屉里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The university announced that all new buildings would henceforth meet stricter environmental standards.",
    "zh": "大学宣布，今后所有新建建筑都将达到更严格的环保标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shall henceforth｜今后将",
   "be henceforth known as｜从此被称为"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "from now on",
   "henceforward"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用语；日常交流多用 from now on。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "henceforth"
 },
 {
  "w": "laden",
  "uk": "/ˈleɪdn/",
  "us": "/ˈleɪdn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "装满的；负载的",
    "en": "Carrying or holding a large amount of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "充满某种情绪的",
    "en": "Full of a particular feeling, especially an unpleasant one."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She arrived at the picnic laden with bags of food.",
    "zh": "她带着大包小包的食物来到野餐地点。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Trucks laden with construction materials contribute to congestion and increase road maintenance costs in rapidly expanding cities.",
    "zh": "在迅速扩张的城市中，满载建筑材料的卡车加剧了拥堵，并增加了道路维护成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "laden with｜装满；充满",
   "heavily laden｜满载的",
   "a laden truck｜满载的卡车"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lade (v.)",
   "unladen (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "loaded",
   "burdened"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unladen"
  ],
  "tip": "常用laden with；也可构成sugar-laden等复合形容词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "laden"
 },
 {
  "w": "utmost",
  "uk": "/ˈʌtməʊst/",
  "us": "/ˈʌtmoʊst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最大的；极度的",
    "en": "greatest in degree, amount, or intensity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "最大努力；极限",
    "en": "the greatest effort or amount someone can achieve"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please handle this delicate glass bowl with utmost care.",
    "zh": "请极其小心地拿放这只易碎的玻璃碗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting patient privacy is of the utmost importance when hospitals introduce digital systems for storing medical records.",
    "zh": "医院引入电子病历存储系统时，保护患者隐私至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "of the utmost importance｜极为重要",
   "with utmost care｜极其小心地",
   "do your utmost｜尽最大努力",
   "utmost respect｜最高敬意"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "maximum",
   "greatest"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "minimum"
  ],
  "tip": "do one's utmost意为尽最大努力，常接to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "utmost"
 },
 {
  "w": "auxiliary",
  "uk": "/ɔːɡˈzɪliəri/",
  "us": "/ɔːɡˈzɪljəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "辅助的；备用的",
    "en": "providing extra help or support when needed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "助动词",
    "en": "a verb used with another verb to form grammatical structures"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The boat has an auxiliary engine for emergencies.",
    "zh": "这艘船装有一台应急用的备用发动机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hospitals require auxiliary power systems to maintain essential medical services during unexpected electricity failures.",
    "zh": "医院需要备用供电系统，以便在意外停电时维持必要的医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "auxiliary power｜备用电力",
   "auxiliary engine｜备用发动机",
   "auxiliary verb｜助动词"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "supplementary",
   "additional"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "primary"
  ],
  "tip": "语法中 auxiliary verb 指助动词，如 be、have、do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "auxiliary"
 },
 {
  "w": "orientate",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːriənteɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːriənteɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "确定方位；熟悉环境",
    "en": "Find your position or become familiar with your surroundings."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使朝向；使以…为导向",
    "en": "Position something towards a direction or focus it on something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I used the river to orientate myself in town.",
    "zh": "我借助河流来确定自己在城里的方位。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should orientate their support services towards the needs of students adjusting to life away from home.",
    "zh": "大学应以适应离家生活的学生的需求为导向，提供支持服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "orientate yourself｜确定自己的方位",
   "orientate something towards｜使某事物面向"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "orient (v.)",
   "orientation (n.)",
   "disorientate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "orient"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disorientate"
  ],
  "tip": "多用于英式英语；常用orientate oneself，不专指向东。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "orientate"
 },
 {
  "w": "craftsmanship",
  "uk": "/ˈkrɑːftsmənʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈkræftsmənʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "手艺；精湛工艺",
    "en": "Skill in making things, especially carefully by hand."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The handmade chair shows beautiful craftsmanship in every joint.",
    "zh": "这把手工椅子的每一处接合都展现出精湛工艺。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving traditional craftsmanship can support local economies while protecting cultural knowledge passed down through generations.",
    "zh": "保护传统手艺既能支持地方经济，也能保护代代相传的文化知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fine craftsmanship｜精湛工艺",
   "traditional craftsmanship｜传统手艺",
   "quality craftsmanship｜优质工艺"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "craft (n.)",
   "craft (v.)",
   "craftsman (n.)",
   "craftswoman (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "artisanship"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词，强调制作技艺或成品的工艺水平。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "craftsmanship"
 },
 {
  "w": "chisel",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃɪzəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃɪzəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "凿子",
    "en": "A tool with a sharp edge for cutting wood or stone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "凿；雕刻",
    "en": "To cut or shape wood or stone with a chisel."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She used a chisel to shape the wooden bowl.",
    "zh": "她用凿子给木碗塑形。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional craftspeople use a chisel to create detailed patterns that preserve local artistic traditions.",
    "zh": "传统手艺人用凿子雕出精细图案，传承当地的艺术传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wood chisel｜木工凿",
   "a hammer and chisel｜锤子和凿子",
   "chisel away｜逐渐凿去"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词过去式英式常写chiselled，美式常写chiseled。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chisel"
 },
 {
  "w": "slack",
  "uk": "/slæk/",
  "us": "/slæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "松弛的；不绷紧的",
    "en": "loose rather than tightly stretched"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "萧条的；懈怠的",
    "en": "less busy, active, or careful than expected"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "松弛部分；富余量",
    "en": "looseness in a rope, or unused capacity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tent rope was slack after the heavy rain.",
    "zh": "大雨过后，帐篷的绳子松了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When demand is slack, manufacturers may reduce working hours rather than dismiss experienced employees immediately.",
    "zh": "需求疲软时，制造商可能会缩短工作时间，而不是立即解雇有经验的员工。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "slack rope｜松弛的绳子",
   "slack demand｜疲软的需求",
   "take up the slack｜收紧松弛部分；补位",
   "slack off｜松懈；偷懒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "slacken (v.)",
   "slackness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "loose"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "taut",
   "tight"
  ],
  "tip": "slack指松弛或懈怠；slacks是宽松长裤。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slack"
 },
 {
  "w": "occupant",
  "uk": "/ˈɒkjəpənt/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːkjəpənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "居住者；使用者；乘员",
    "en": "Someone who lives in or uses a room, building, or vehicle."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The previous occupant left some curtains in the flat.",
    "zh": "上一位住户在公寓里留下了一些窗帘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building regulations should ensure that every occupant can leave safely in the event of a fire.",
    "zh": "建筑法规应确保每位使用者都能在发生火灾时安全撤离。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "previous occupant｜前一位住户",
   "building occupants｜楼内人员",
   "vehicle occupants｜车内人员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "occupy (v.)",
   "occupied (adj.)",
   "occupancy (n.)",
   "occupation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调实际居住或使用，不一定是owner（所有者）。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "occupant"
 },
 {
  "w": "descendant",
  "uk": "/dɪˈsendənt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈsendənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "后裔；子孙",
    "en": "Someone related to a person who lived in an earlier generation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "衍生事物；后继形式",
    "en": "Something developed from an earlier form of something similar."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her descendants still live in the old family farmhouse.",
    "zh": "她的后代仍住在家族的老农舍里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving traditional crafts allows descendants of local communities to maintain meaningful connections with their cultural heritage.",
    "zh": "保护传统工艺能让当地社区的后代与自身文化遗产保持有意义的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "direct descendant｜直系后裔",
   "descendant of｜……的后代",
   "descendants of immigrants｜移民的后代"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "descend (v.)",
   "descent (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "ancestor"
  ],
  "tip": "descendant是后代；ancestor是祖先。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "descendant"
 },
 {
  "w": "contend",
  "uk": "/kənˈtend/",
  "us": "/kənˈtend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "主张；认为",
    "en": "To argue that something is true."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "应对；与……斗争",
    "en": "To struggle with a difficulty or challenging situation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "竞争；争夺",
    "en": "To compete for something against other people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I contend that our kitchen needs a bigger table.",
    "zh": "我认为我们的厨房需要一张更大的桌子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some researchers contend that affordable public transport is more effective than road expansion in reducing urban congestion.",
    "zh": "一些研究者认为，在缓解城市拥堵方面，价格合理的公共交通比扩建道路更有效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contend that｜主张……",
   "contend with difficulties｜应对困难",
   "contend for the title｜争夺冠军"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contender (n.)",
   "contention (n.)",
   "contentious (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "argue",
   "maintain"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "contend that表主张；with接困难；for接争夺目标。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contend"
 },
 {
  "w": "custodian",
  "uk": "/kʌˈstəʊdiən/",
  "us": "/kʌˈstoʊdiən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保管人；守护者",
    "en": "A person or organisation responsible for protecting or managing something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "楼宇管理员",
    "en": "Someone employed to clean and maintain a building, especially in America."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The custodian carefully locked the cabinet containing ancient coins.",
    "zh": "保管人小心地锁好了存放古钱币的柜子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museums act as custodians of cultural heritage, preserving valuable objects for research and future generations.",
    "zh": "博物馆充当文化遗产的守护者，为研究和后代保存珍贵物品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "custodian of cultural heritage｜文化遗产守护者",
   "school custodian｜学校楼宇管理员",
   "legal custodian｜法定监护人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "custody (n.)",
   "custodial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "guardian",
   "caretaker"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "custodian of后接所保管或守护的对象。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "custodian"
 },
 {
  "w": "subtle",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌtəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌtəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "细微的；不易察觉的",
    "en": "Small or delicate enough to be difficult to notice"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巧妙的；含蓄的",
    "en": "Expressed or achieved indirectly and skilfully"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The soup has a subtle hint of lemon.",
    "zh": "这汤带有一丝淡淡的柠檬味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advertising can exert a subtle influence on consumers by associating products with desirable lifestyles.",
    "zh": "广告将产品与令人向往的生活方式联系起来，从而潜移默化地影响消费者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a subtle difference｜细微差别",
   "a subtle hint｜含蓄的暗示",
   "subtle influence｜潜移默化的影响",
   "a subtle flavour｜淡雅的味道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "subtly (adv.)",
   "subtlety (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "slight",
   "understated"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "obvious",
   "blatant"
  ],
  "tip": "b不发音；常形容难以察觉的差别或影响。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "subtle"
 },
 {
  "w": "plummet",
  "uk": "/ˈplʌmɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈplʌmɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "暴跌；骤降",
    "en": "To decrease very quickly and sharply."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "急速坠落",
    "en": "To fall suddenly and quickly from a high position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Temperatures plummeted overnight, leaving ice on the garden pond.",
    "zh": "气温一夜间骤降，花园池塘结了冰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Demand for private cars could plummet if cities offered reliable, affordable public transport throughout the day.",
    "zh": "如果城市全天提供可靠且价格合理的公共交通，私家车需求可能会大幅下降。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prices plummet｜价格暴跌",
   "temperatures plummet｜气温骤降",
   "plummet to a record low｜跌至历史最低点"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "plunge",
   "tumble"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "soar",
   "rocket"
  ],
  "tip": "常作不及物动词；to接终值，by接降幅。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plummet"
 },
 {
  "w": "stereotype",
  "uk": "/ˈsteriətaɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈsteriətaɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刻板印象；成见",
    "en": "a fixed, oversimplified belief about a group of people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "对……抱有刻板印象",
    "en": "to judge people using fixed beliefs about their group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother challenges the stereotype that older people dislike technology.",
    "zh": "我的祖母打破了老年人不喜欢科技的刻板印象。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should challenge gender stereotypes so that all students feel free to pursue their interests.",
    "zh": "学校应挑战性别刻板印象，让所有学生都能自由追求自己的兴趣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gender stereotypes｜性别刻板印象",
   "challenge a stereotype｜挑战刻板印象",
   "reinforce stereotypes｜强化刻板印象"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stereotypical (adj.)",
   "stereotypically (adv.)",
   "stereotyping (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指对某类人的简单化看法，不等同于事实。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stereotype"
 },
 {
  "w": "persistent",
  "uk": "/pəˈsɪstənt/",
  "us": "/pərˈsɪstənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "持续的；反复出现的",
    "en": "continuing for a long time or happening repeatedly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "坚持不懈的；执着的",
    "en": "continuing to try despite difficulty or opposition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A persistent cough kept me awake throughout the night.",
    "zh": "持续的咳嗽让我整夜都睡不着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Persistent shortages of affordable housing can force young adults to delay leaving their family homes.",
    "zh": "经济适用住房持续短缺，可能迫使年轻人推迟搬离父母家的计划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a persistent cough｜持续的咳嗽",
   "a persistent problem｜长期存在的问题",
   "persistent efforts｜不懈努力",
   "persistent shortages｜持续短缺"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "persist (v.)",
   "persistence (n.)",
   "persistently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "continuing",
   "relentless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "intermittent"
  ],
  "tip": "修饰问题常含负面意味；修饰人可表示坚持不懈。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "persistent"
 },
 {
  "w": "groove",
  "uk": "/ɡruːv/",
  "us": "/ɡruːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "沟槽；凹槽",
    "en": "A long, narrow cut or hollow in a surface."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "音乐的律动",
    "en": "A strong, steady rhythm that makes music feel engaging."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "在…上开槽",
    "en": "To cut long, narrow hollows into a surface."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dust had collected in every groove of the wooden door.",
    "zh": "木门的每一道凹槽里都积了灰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The grooves in vehicle tyres channel water away, improving grip and reducing accident risks on wet roads.",
    "zh": "汽车轮胎上的沟槽能够排水，增强抓地力，降低湿滑路面上的事故风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cut a groove｜开一道槽",
   "a deep groove｜深槽",
   "tyre grooves｜轮胎沟槽",
   "get into a groove｜进入顺畅状态"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grooved (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "具体指表面的长凹槽；音乐中可指鲜明的律动。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "groove"
 },
 {
  "w": "plank",
  "uk": "/plæŋk/",
  "us": "/plæŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "厚木板",
    "en": "A long, flat, thick piece of wood."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "政纲要点；政策核心",
    "en": "An important principle or proposal in a political programme."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "平板支撑",
    "en": "An exercise holding the body straight above the floor."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We laid a plank across the muddy ditch.",
    "zh": "我们在泥泞的沟上架了一块厚木板。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in affordable housing should be a central plank of any strategy to reduce urban inequality.",
    "zh": "投资可负担住房应成为任何缩小城市不平等的战略的核心内容。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wooden plank｜一块厚木板",
   "a central plank of policy｜政策的核心内容",
   "hold a plank｜保持平板支撑"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a central plank of可比喻政策的核心内容。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plank"
 },
 {
  "w": "commonwealth",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmənwelθ/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmənwelθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "政治共同体；共和国",
    "en": "A politically organised community, especially one governed for public benefit."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英联邦",
    "en": "An association of independent countries, mostly formerly under British rule."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The islanders established a commonwealth with an elected council.",
    "zh": "岛民建立了一个由民选议会治理的政治共同体。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Members of the Commonwealth cooperate on education and development while maintaining their own independent governments.",
    "zh": "英联邦成员在教育和发展领域开展合作，同时保有各自独立的政府。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the Commonwealth｜英联邦",
   "Commonwealth countries｜英联邦国家",
   "Commonwealth membership｜英联邦成员资格"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指英联邦时首字母大写，通常与the连用。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commonwealth"
 },
 {
  "w": "erect",
  "uk": "/ɪˈrekt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈrekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "搭建；竖立",
    "en": "to build something or put it in an upright position"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "直立的；挺直的",
    "en": "standing straight up rather than bending or lying down"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We erected our tent beside the lake before sunset.",
    "zh": "日落前，我们在湖边搭好了帐篷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities plan to erect temporary shelters for families whose homes were damaged by severe flooding.",
    "zh": "地方政府计划搭建临时住所，安置房屋因严重洪灾受损的家庭。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "erect a tent｜搭帐篷",
   "erect a monument｜立纪念碑",
   "stand erect｜挺直站立"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "erection (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词比 build 正式；形容词常见于 stand erect。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "erect"
 },
 {
  "w": "relish",
  "uk": "/ˈrelɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈrelɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "享受；期待并乐于做",
    "en": "To enjoy something greatly or eagerly anticipate doing it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "乐趣；享受",
    "en": "Great enjoyment or enthusiasm when doing something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "佐餐调味酱",
    "en": "A sauce of chopped vegetables or fruit eaten with food."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I relish quiet mornings with tea and a book.",
    "zh": "我很享受喝着茶、读着书的宁静早晨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many students relish the opportunity to study abroad because it exposes them to different cultures and perspectives.",
    "zh": "许多学生非常珍惜出国学习的机会，因为这能让他们接触不同的文化和观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "relish a challenge｜乐于接受挑战",
   "relish the opportunity｜欣然把握机会",
   "with relish｜津津有味地",
   "tomato relish｜番茄调味酱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "enjoy",
   "savour"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dread"
  ],
  "tip": "动词后接名词或动名词，不接to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "relish"
 },
 {
  "w": "inhibit",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈhɪbɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈhɪbɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抑制；阻碍",
    "en": "To slow down or prevent a process or activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使拘谨；使不敢表达",
    "en": "To make someone feel unable to act or speak freely."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cold weather can inhibit the growth of these plants.",
    "zh": "寒冷天气会抑制这些植物的生长。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fear of making mistakes can inhibit students from participating actively in classroom discussions and collaborative tasks.",
    "zh": "害怕犯错可能使学生不敢积极参与课堂讨论和合作任务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inhibit growth｜抑制生长",
   "inhibit development｜阻碍发展",
   "inhibit enzyme activity｜抑制酶活性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inhibition (n.)",
   "inhibitor (n.)",
   "inhibitory (adj.)",
   "inhibited (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hinder",
   "restrain",
   "suppress"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "encourage",
   "stimulate"
  ],
  "tip": "inhibit侧重抑制或阻碍；prohibit指明令禁止。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inhibit"
 },
 {
  "w": "pawn",
  "uk": "/pɔːn/",
  "us": "/pɔːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "国际象棋中的兵",
    "en": "A chess piece of the smallest size and lowest value."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "被人利用的小人物；棋子",
    "en": "A person controlled by others for their own purposes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "典当",
    "en": "To leave something valuable with a pawnbroker for a loan."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She moved a pawn forward and studied the chessboard.",
    "zh": "她把一个兵向前走了一步，然后仔细观察棋盘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Workers should not become pawns in disputes between powerful companies competing for control of essential services.",
    "zh": "在争夺基本服务控制权的大公司之间的纠纷中，劳动者不应成为被利用的棋子。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "move a pawn｜走一步兵",
   "a pawn in a power struggle｜权力斗争中的棋子",
   "pawn jewellery｜典当珠宝"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pawnbroker (n.)",
   "pawnshop (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "典当是以物换借款，可赎回，不等于直接出售。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pawn"
 },
 {
  "w": "imperialism",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpɪəriəlɪzəm/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpɪriəlɪzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "帝国主义；帝国扩张政策",
    "en": "A policy of extending a country's power over other countries."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We discussed imperialism after visiting the history museum yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天参观历史博物馆后，我们讨论了帝国主义。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The legacy of imperialism continues to influence economic relationships and debates about cultural identity in many societies.",
    "zh": "帝国主义的遗留影响仍在塑造许多社会的经济关系及有关文化认同的讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cultural imperialism｜文化帝国主义",
   "economic imperialism｜经济帝国主义",
   "the legacy of imperialism｜帝国主义的遗留影响"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "imperial (adj.)",
   "imperialist (n.)",
   "imperialistic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；强调一国向外扩张统治或影响力。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "imperialism"
 },
 {
  "w": "essayist",
  "uk": "/ˈeseɪɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈeseɪɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "散文作家；随笔作家",
    "en": "a writer of short pieces exploring particular subjects"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The essayist described her childhood with warmth and humour.",
    "zh": "这位散文作家温暖而幽默地描写了自己的童年。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An influential essayist can encourage readers to question social assumptions through personal reflection and careful argument.",
    "zh": "有影响力的随笔作家可以通过个人反思和严谨论证，促使读者质疑社会中的惯常观念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a literary essayist｜文学散文作家",
   "a celebrated essayist｜著名随笔作家",
   "a novelist and essayist｜小说家兼散文作家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "essay (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指以散文或随笔创作为业者，不泛指写作文的学生。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "essayist"
 },
 {
  "w": "dwarf",
  "uk": "/dwɔːf/",
  "us": "/dwɔːrf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使相形见绌",
    "en": "To make something seem small by comparison."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "矮小动植物；传说中矮人",
    "en": "An unusually small organism, or a small humanlike fantasy creature."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "矮生的；小型的",
    "en": "Much smaller than the usual size of its kind."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new tower dwarfs every house on our street.",
    "zh": "新建的高塔让我们街上所有房屋都显得很矮小。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The long-term costs of environmental damage may dwarf the immediate profits generated by industrial expansion.",
    "zh": "环境破坏的长期成本可能远远超过工业扩张带来的眼前利润。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be dwarfed by｜与……相比显得渺小",
   "dwarf tree｜矮生树",
   "dwarf planet｜矮行星"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dwarfish (adj.)",
   "dwarfism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "overshadow"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常表对比悬殊；名词指人可能冒犯，应谨慎。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dwarf"
 },
 {
  "w": "commissioner",
  "uk": "/kəˈmɪʃənə/",
  "us": "/kəˈmɪʃənər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专员；委员会委员",
    "en": "an official responsible for a public service or commission"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The commissioner visited our neighbourhood to discuss road safety.",
    "zh": "这位专员来到我们社区讨论道路安全问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An independent commissioner should investigate public complaints and ensure that government agencies treat citizens fairly.",
    "zh": "独立专员应调查公众投诉，并确保政府机构公平对待公民。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "police commissioner｜警务专员",
   "high commissioner｜高级专员",
   "appoint a commissioner｜任命专员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "commission (n.)",
   "commission (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指负有特定公共职责的官员，不泛指所有委员。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commissioner"
 },
 {
  "w": "holocaust",
  "uk": "/ˈhɒləkɔːst/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːləkɔːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大毁灭；大屠杀",
    "en": "Destruction or killing on a very large scale."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纳粹对犹太人的大屠杀",
    "en": "The Nazi murder of six million Jews during World War Two."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The film follows a family escaping a nuclear holocaust.",
    "zh": "这部电影讲述一个家庭逃离核毁灭的经历。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching students about the Holocaust can encourage critical reflection on prejudice, discrimination, and human rights.",
    "zh": "向学生讲授纳粹大屠杀的历史，可以促进他们对偏见、歧视和人权的批判性思考。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nuclear holocaust｜核毁灭",
   "Holocaust survivors｜纳粹大屠杀幸存者",
   "Holocaust remembrance｜纳粹大屠杀纪念"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "特指纳粹大屠杀时用the Holocaust，首字母大写。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "holocaust"
 },
 {
  "w": "inauguration",
  "uk": "/ɪˌnɔːɡjʊˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪˌnɔːɡjəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "就职典礼",
    "en": "A ceremony formally marking someone's start in an important public office."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "正式启用；开幕典礼",
    "en": "The formal opening or beginning of a facility or activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We gathered outside to watch the new president's inauguration.",
    "zh": "我们聚在外面观看新总统的就职典礼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The inauguration of the new railway marked a major step towards improving transport links between rural communities.",
    "zh": "新铁路的启用标志着改善农村社区间交通联系迈出了重要一步。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a presidential inauguration｜总统就职典礼",
   "an inauguration ceremony｜就职或启用典礼",
   "the inauguration of a new museum｜新博物馆的开馆典礼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inaugurate (v.)",
   "inaugural (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指领导人就职，也可指设施正式启用。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inauguration"
 },
 {
  "w": "citrus",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪtrəs/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪtrəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "柑橘类果树；柑橘类水果",
    "en": "Trees producing fruits such as oranges and lemons, or their fruits."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "柑橘类的",
    "en": "Relating to fruits such as oranges, lemons, and grapefruit."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We squeezed fresh citrus juice over the salad.",
    "zh": "我们在沙拉上挤了一些新鲜的柑橘类果汁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising temperatures may affect citrus production by increasing water demand and exposing orchards to new pests.",
    "zh": "气温上升可能增加需水量，并使果园面临新的虫害，从而影响柑橘生产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "citrus fruit｜柑橘类水果",
   "citrus trees｜柑橘类果树",
   "citrus peel｜柑橘类果皮",
   "citrus juice｜柑橘类果汁"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "citrus是总称，包括橙、柠檬、葡萄柚等。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "citrus"
 },
 {
  "w": "ovation",
  "uk": "/əʊˈveɪʃən/",
  "us": "/oʊˈveɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "热烈鼓掌；欢呼",
    "en": "enthusiastic applause from an audience to show strong approval"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The young pianist received an ovation after her performance.",
    "zh": "这位年轻钢琴家演奏后赢得了热烈掌声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The orchestra received a standing ovation, demonstrating how live performances can create a powerful sense of community.",
    "zh": "管弦乐团赢得了全场起立鼓掌，展现出现场演出如何营造强烈的群体归属感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "standing ovation｜起立鼓掌",
   "receive an ovation｜获得热烈掌声",
   "thunderous ovation｜雷鸣般的掌声"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "applause",
   "acclaim"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；standing ovation指观众起立鼓掌。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ovation"
 },
 {
  "w": "vulnerability",
  "uk": "/ˌvʌlnərəˈbɪləti/",
  "us": "/ˌvʌlnərəˈbɪləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脆弱性；易受伤害性",
    "en": "The state of being easily harmed, affected, or attacked."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "弱点；安全漏洞",
    "en": "A weakness that allows damage or an attack."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The storm exposed the vulnerability of our old roof.",
    "zh": "暴风雨暴露了我们旧屋顶的脆弱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in flood defences can reduce the vulnerability of coastal communities to increasingly severe storms.",
    "zh": "投资防洪设施可以降低沿海社区面对日益猛烈的风暴时的脆弱性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vulnerability to flooding｜易受洪水侵袭",
   "security vulnerability｜安全漏洞",
   "reduce vulnerability｜降低脆弱性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vulnerable (adj.)",
   "invulnerable (adj.)",
   "invulnerability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "susceptibility",
   "weakness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "invulnerability"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指脆弱性时不可数；指具体漏洞时可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vulnerability"
 },
 {
  "w": "instructive",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈstrʌktɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈstrʌktɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有教育意义的；有启发的",
    "en": "providing useful knowledge or helping someone understand something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Watching my grandfather repair the clock was surprisingly instructive.",
    "zh": "看爷爷修钟让我意外地学到了不少东西。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Comparing different countries' recycling systems can be instructive for policymakers seeking to reduce household waste.",
    "zh": "比较不同国家的回收体系，能为寻求减少生活垃圾的政策制定者提供启发。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an instructive example｜有启发性的例子",
   "an instructive experience｜有教育意义的经历",
   "find something instructive｜觉得某事很有启发"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "instruct (v.)",
   "instruction (n.)",
   "instructor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "educational",
   "informative"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调让人学到东西，不等于“发出指令的”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "instructive"
 },
 {
  "w": "dwelling",
  "uk": "/ˈdwelɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈdwelɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "住所；住宅",
    "en": "A house, flat, or other place where someone lives"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their small dwelling overlooks a quiet stretch of river.",
    "zh": "他们的小住宅俯瞰着一段宁静的河流。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every new dwelling should meet energy efficiency standards to reduce household costs and environmental damage.",
    "zh": "每一处新建住宅都应达到能效标准，以降低家庭开支并减少环境损害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "private dwelling｜私人住宅",
   "permanent dwelling｜永久住所",
   "dwelling place｜居住地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dwell (v.)",
   "dweller (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "residence",
   "home"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，较正式；日常谈论自己的家通常用home。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dwelling"
 },
 {
  "w": "asterisk",
  "uk": "/ˈæstərɪsk/",
  "us": "/ˈæstərɪsk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "星号",
    "en": "A star-shaped symbol used to indicate a note or omission"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An asterisk beside the price points to extra delivery charges.",
    "zh": "价格旁的星号提示还有额外运费。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers often use an asterisk in tables to indicate results that meet a particular statistical threshold.",
    "zh": "研究人员常在表格中用星号标明达到特定统计阈值的结果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mark with an asterisk｜用星号标记",
   "an asterisk beside｜旁边的星号",
   "add an asterisk｜添加星号"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "词尾是-risk，注意不要误读成-riks。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "asterisk"
 },
 {
  "w": "merge",
  "uk": "/mɜːdʒ/",
  "us": "/mɝːdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "合并；融合",
    "en": "Combine or join together to form a single whole."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The two narrow paths merge just beyond the bridge.",
    "zh": "这两条小路在桥的那一头汇合。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses may merge to reduce operating costs and compete more effectively with larger companies.",
    "zh": "小企业可能通过合并降低运营成本，从而更有效地与大公司竞争。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "merge with another company｜与另一家公司合并",
   "merge into one｜合为一体",
   "merge two departments｜合并两个部门"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "merger (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "combine",
   "unite"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "separate",
   "split"
  ],
  "tip": "merge with表示与……合并；merge into表示并入。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "merge"
 },
 {
  "w": "notoriety",
  "uk": "/ˌnəʊtəˈraɪəti/",
  "us": "/ˌnoʊtəˈraɪəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恶名；声名狼藉",
    "en": "the state of being widely known for something bad"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The restaurant gained notoriety for its dirty kitchen.",
    "zh": "这家餐馆因厨房脏乱而臭名远扬。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some companies gain notoriety for environmental damage, making it harder for them to attract skilled workers.",
    "zh": "一些企业因破坏环境而声名狼藉，因而更难吸引技术人才。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gain notoriety｜落得恶名",
   "notoriety for corruption｜腐败的恶名",
   "achieve notoriety｜变得臭名昭著"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "notorious (adj.)",
   "notoriously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "infamy"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数，含贬义；中性的“名气”用fame。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "notoriety"
 },
 {
  "w": "glimmer",
  "uk": "/ˈɡlɪmə/",
  "us": "/ˈɡlɪmər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "微光；闪烁的弱光",
    "en": "A faint light, often shining unevenly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一丝；微弱迹象",
    "en": "A small sign of something, especially hope or understanding"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发出微光；隐约闪烁",
    "en": "To shine faintly or with an unsteady light"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A glimmer of candlelight escaped through the closed curtains.",
    "zh": "一缕烛光从拉拢的窗帘缝隙中透出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recent improvements in water quality offer a glimmer of hope for communities affected by industrial pollution.",
    "zh": "近期水质的改善为受工业污染影响的社区带来了一线希望。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a glimmer of light｜一缕微光",
   "a glimmer of hope｜一线希望",
   "a glimmer of understanding｜一丝领悟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "glimmering (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gleam",
   "flicker"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a glimmer of hope是“一线希望”的常见表达。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glimmer"
 },
 {
  "w": "bureaucracy",
  "uk": "/bjʊəˈrɒkrəsi/",
  "us": "/bjʊˈrɑːkrəsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "官僚体制；行政体系",
    "en": "an administrative system run by officials following established rules"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "繁文缛节；官僚作风",
    "en": "complicated official procedures that make tasks unnecessarily difficult"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt works within the city's large bureaucracy.",
    "zh": "我姑姑在这个城市庞大的行政体系内工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing unnecessary bureaucracy could help small businesses obtain permits more quickly without weakening essential safety standards.",
    "zh": "减少不必要的繁文缛节，能帮助小企业更快取得许可证，同时不削弱必要的安全标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "government bureaucracy｜政府行政体系",
   "reduce bureaucracy｜减少繁文缛节",
   "excessive bureaucracy｜过度繁琐的行政手续"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bureaucrat (n.)",
   "bureaucratic (adj.)",
   "bureaucratically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bureaucracy指体制或繁琐手续；官僚个人是bureaucrat。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bureaucracy"
 },
 {
  "w": "reconcile",
  "uk": "/ˈrekənsaɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈrekənsaɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使协调；使一致",
    "en": "To make conflicting ideas, needs, or facts compatible"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使和解",
    "en": "To restore friendly relations after a disagreement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使接受不愉快的现实",
    "en": "To help someone accept an unpleasant situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We reconciled our different tastes by choosing a buffet.",
    "zh": "我们选择了自助餐，兼顾了彼此不同的口味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must reconcile the demand for affordable housing with the need to protect valuable green spaces.",
    "zh": "政府必须协调可负担住房需求与保护宝贵绿地的需要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reconcile A with B｜使A与B协调",
   "reconcile differences｜调和分歧",
   "be reconciled with someone｜与某人和解",
   "reconcile yourself to｜使自己接受"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reconciliation (n.)",
   "reconcilable (adj.)",
   "irreconcilable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "协调两者用with；接受现实用reconcile oneself to。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reconcile"
 },
 {
  "w": "plasma",
  "uk": "/ˈplæz.mə/",
  "us": "/ˈplæz.mə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "血浆",
    "en": "The liquid part of blood in which blood cells float"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "等离子体",
    "en": "An ionised gas containing free electrons and charged particles"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin donates plasma at the local clinic.",
    "zh": "我的表亲在当地诊所捐献血浆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Donated plasma contains proteins that can be used to produce treatments for certain immune system disorders.",
    "zh": "捐献的血浆含有可用于生产某些免疫系统疾病治疗药物的蛋白质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blood plasma｜血浆",
   "donate plasma｜捐献血浆",
   "plasma proteins｜血浆蛋白",
   "plasma physics｜等离子体物理学"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；医学中指血浆，物理学中指等离子体。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plasma"
 },
 {
  "w": "needless",
  "uk": "/ˈniːdləs/",
  "us": "/ˈniːdləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不必要的；多余的",
    "en": "not necessary and therefore best avoided"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Calling ahead saved us a needless trip across town.",
    "zh": "提前打个电话，让我们免于白跑一趟穿过全城。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear guidance on public services can prevent needless confusion and help residents access essential support.",
    "zh": "清晰的公共服务指南可以避免不必要的困惑，帮助居民获得必要的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "needless worry｜不必要的担忧",
   "needless expense｜不必要的开支",
   "needless to say｜不用说"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "need (n.)",
   "need (v.)",
   "needlessly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unnecessary",
   "avoidable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "necessary",
   "essential"
  ],
  "tip": "needless to say意为“不用说”，常作插入语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "needless"
 },
 {
  "w": "skyrocket",
  "uk": "/ˈskaɪrɒkɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈskaɪrɑːkɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猛涨；飞速上升",
    "en": "To increase extremely quickly to a very high level."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our heating bills skyrocketed during the unusually cold winter.",
    "zh": "那个异常寒冷的冬天，我们的取暖费猛涨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Housing costs can skyrocket when population growth outpaces construction, making affordable accommodation increasingly difficult to find.",
    "zh": "当人口增长超过住房建设速度时，住房成本可能猛涨，让人越来越难找到负担得起的住所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prices skyrocket｜价格猛涨",
   "demand skyrockets｜需求激增",
   "skyrocketing costs｜飞涨的成本"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "soar",
   "surge"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "plummet",
   "plunge"
  ],
  "tip": "通常作不及物动词，主语常为价格、成本或需求。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "skyrocket"
 },
 {
  "w": "atmospheric",
  "uk": "/ˌætməsˈferɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌætməsˈferɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大气的；大气层的",
    "en": "Relating to the gases surrounding Earth or another planet."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "富有氛围的",
    "en": "Creating a strong and distinctive mood or feeling."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found an atmospheric café tucked behind the old theatre.",
    "zh": "我们在老剧院后面发现了一家很有氛围的咖啡馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Changes in atmospheric conditions can affect agricultural production and increase the frequency of extreme weather events.",
    "zh": "大气状况的变化会影响农业生产，并增加极端天气事件发生的频率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "atmospheric pressure｜大气压",
   "atmospheric conditions｜大气状况",
   "atmospheric pollution｜大气污染",
   "an atmospheric setting｜富有氛围的环境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "atmosphere (n.)",
   "atmospherically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "修饰pressure指大气的；修饰场所常指富有氛围的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "atmospheric"
 },
 {
  "w": "establishment",
  "uk": "/ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "建立；设立",
    "en": "the process of starting an organisation or system"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "机构；营业场所",
    "en": "an organisation or place where business or public activities happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "权势集团；当权派",
    "en": "the powerful people who control a society or profession"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The establishment of our local club brought neighbours together.",
    "zh": "我们本地俱乐部的成立让邻居们走到了一起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The establishment of protected marine areas can help restore fish populations and support coastal communities.",
    "zh": "设立海洋保护区有助于恢复鱼类种群，并为沿海社区提供支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the establishment of｜……的建立",
   "educational establishment｜教育机构",
   "business establishment｜营业机构",
   "the political establishment｜政治权势集团"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "establish (v.)",
   "established (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示建立时不可数；表示机构时可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "establishment"
 },
 {
  "w": "memorandum",
  "uk": "/ˌmeməˈrændəm/",
  "us": "/ˌmeməˈrændəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "内部通知；备忘录",
    "en": "A written message sharing information within an organisation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "正式备忘录",
    "en": "A formal document recording an agreement or shared intentions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The manager sent a memorandum about our new working hours.",
    "zh": "经理发了一份关于新工作时间的内部通知。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The two universities signed a memorandum of understanding to support joint research into renewable energy.",
    "zh": "两所大学签署了谅解备忘录，以支持可再生能源领域的联合研究。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an internal memorandum｜内部备忘录",
   "issue a memorandum｜发布备忘录",
   "memorandum of understanding｜谅解备忘录"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "memo (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "memo"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常简称memo；复数为memoranda或memorandums。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "memorandum"
 },
 {
  "w": "contractual",
  "uk": "/kənˈtræktʃuəl/",
  "us": "/kənˈtræktʃuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "合同规定的；契约的",
    "en": "Relating to or required by a legal agreement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fixing the heating is the landlord's contractual responsibility.",
    "zh": "修好暖气是房东按合同应承担的责任。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should explain contractual obligations clearly so that workers understand their rights before accepting a position.",
    "zh": "雇主应清楚说明合同义务，让劳动者在接受职位前了解自己的权利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contractual obligations｜合同义务",
   "contractual rights｜合同权利",
   "contractual terms｜合同条款",
   "contractual agreement｜契约协议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contract (n.)",
   "contract (v.)",
   "contractually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调合同规定的权利或义务，常置于名词前。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contractual"
 },
 {
  "w": "commend",
  "uk": "/kəˈmend/",
  "us": "/kəˈmend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表扬；称赞",
    "en": "to praise someone or something, often publicly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推荐",
    "en": "to recommend someone or something as worthy of consideration"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The coach commended Lina for helping her teammates.",
    "zh": "教练表扬莉娜帮助了队友。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Inspectors commended the school for providing additional support to students with different learning needs.",
    "zh": "督察人员赞扬该校为有不同学习需求的学生提供额外支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commend someone for something｜因某事表扬某人",
   "highly commended｜受到高度赞扬",
   "commend something to someone｜向某人推荐某物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "commendation (n.)",
   "commendable (adj.)",
   "commendably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "praise",
   "applaud"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "criticize"
  ],
  "tip": "commend是称赞；command是命令，注意拼写。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commend"
 },
 {
  "w": "indifference",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdɪfərəns/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdɪfərəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冷漠；不关心",
    "en": "A lack of interest, concern, or emotional response."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her indifference surprised me when I shared my exciting news.",
    "zh": "我分享令人兴奋的消息时，她的冷淡让我很意外。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public indifference to local elections can weaken accountability and reduce the quality of democratic representation.",
    "zh": "公众对地方选举漠不关心，可能削弱问责机制并降低民主代表的质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "indifference to suffering｜对苦难的漠视",
   "public indifference｜公众的冷漠",
   "show indifference｜表现冷淡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "indifferent (adj.)",
   "indifferently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "apathy",
   "unconcern"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "concern",
   "interest"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；对某事冷漠用 indifference to。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indifference"
 },
 {
  "w": "contradict",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkt/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːntrəˈdɪkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "与……矛盾；相抵触",
    "en": "To be inconsistent with another statement, fact, or piece of evidence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "反驳；否认某人的话",
    "en": "To say that someone else's statement is wrong."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your muddy shoes contradict your claim about staying indoors.",
    "zh": "你说自己一直待在室内，但你鞋上的泥可不是这么回事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recent findings contradict the assumption that longer working hours necessarily lead to higher levels of productivity.",
    "zh": "近期研究结果与“工作时间越长，生产效率必然越高”的假设相矛盾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contradict a claim｜与某一说法矛盾",
   "contradict the evidence｜与证据相悖",
   "contradict yourself｜自相矛盾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contradiction (n.)",
   "contradictory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "conflict with",
   "dispute"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "confirm",
   "support"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接人或说法；无需加with。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contradict"
 },
 {
  "w": "narrate",
  "uk": "/nəˈreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈnæreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "讲述；叙述",
    "en": "To tell a story or describe a series of events."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为…作旁白",
    "en": "To provide spoken commentary for a film or programme."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather loves to narrate stories from his childhood.",
    "zh": "我祖父很喜欢讲述他童年的故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local residents narrate their experiences in the documentary, offering valuable insights into urban change.",
    "zh": "当地居民在纪录片中讲述亲身经历，为理解城市变迁提供了宝贵视角。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "narrate a story｜讲述故事",
   "narrate a documentary｜为纪录片配旁白",
   "narrate events｜叙述事件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "narration (n.)",
   "narrator (n.)",
   "narrative (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "recount",
   "relate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接故事或事件，无需加about。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "narrate"
 },
 {
  "w": "glassware",
  "uk": "/ˈɡlɑːsweə/",
  "us": "/ˈɡlæswer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "玻璃器皿",
    "en": "objects made of glass, especially drinking vessels or laboratory equipment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please wrap the glassware carefully before packing the box.",
    "zh": "装箱前请把玻璃器皿仔细包好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reusable glassware can reduce waste in laboratories, provided that appropriate cleaning and safety procedures are followed.",
    "zh": "只要遵循适当的清洁和安全程序，可重复使用的玻璃器皿就能减少实验室废弃物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "laboratory glassware｜实验室玻璃器皿",
   "delicate glassware｜易碎的玻璃器皿",
   "wash glassware｜清洗玻璃器皿"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "glass (n.)",
   "glassy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；一件玻璃器皿用a piece of glassware。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glassware"
 },
 {
  "w": "provincial",
  "uk": "/prəˈvɪnʃəl/",
  "us": "/prəˈvɪnʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "省的；省级的",
    "en": "relating to a province or its administration"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "外省的；地方的",
    "en": "relating to areas outside a country's capital"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "狭隘守旧的",
    "en": "showing limited experience and unwillingness to accept different ideas"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She works at the provincial hospital near our home.",
    "zh": "她在我们家附近的省立医院工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Provincial governments can adapt national education policies to meet the specific needs of local communities.",
    "zh": "省级政府可以调整国家教育政策，以满足当地社区的具体需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "provincial government｜省级政府",
   "provincial capital｜省会",
   "provincial town｜外省城镇"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "province (n.)",
   "provincialism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指省级时中性；形容人的观念时可含贬义。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "provincial"
 },
 {
  "w": "envisage",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvɪzɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvɪzɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "设想；展望",
    "en": "To imagine a possible future situation or event."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I envisage turning this spare room into a studio.",
    "zh": "我设想把这间空房改成工作室。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planners envisage a future in which most residents can reach essential services on foot.",
    "zh": "城市规划者设想，未来大多数居民都能步行到达提供基本服务的场所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "envisage a future｜展望未来",
   "envisage doing something｜设想做某事",
   "as originally envisaged｜按最初的设想"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "imagine",
   "envision"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "后接名词、动名词或that从句，不接to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "envisage"
 },
 {
  "w": "esteem",
  "uk": "/ɪˈstiːm/",
  "us": "/ɪˈstiːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尊重；敬重",
    "en": "Respect and admiration for someone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "尊重；敬重",
    "en": "To respect and admire someone highly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her neighbours hold her in esteem for her kindness.",
    "zh": "邻居们因她的善良而敬重她。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers who treat students fairly often earn the lasting esteem of their local communities.",
    "zh": "公平对待学生的教师往往能赢得当地社区长久的敬重。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hold someone in high esteem｜非常敬重某人",
   "earn someone's esteem｜赢得某人的敬重",
   "mutual esteem｜相互尊重"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "esteemed (adj.)",
   "self-esteem (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "respect",
   "admiration"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "contempt"
  ],
  "tip": "常用hold someone in high esteem表示非常敬重某人。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "esteem"
 },
 {
  "w": "judicial",
  "uk": "/dʒuːˈdɪʃəl/",
  "us": "/dʒuːˈdɪʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "司法的；法院的",
    "en": "relating to courts, judges, or the administration of justice"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lawyer explained the judicial process to our family.",
    "zh": "律师向我们一家解释了司法程序。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An independent judicial system helps protect individual rights and ensures that governments remain accountable.",
    "zh": "独立的司法体系有助于保护个人权利，并确保政府承担责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "judicial system｜司法体系",
   "judicial review｜司法审查",
   "judicial independence｜司法独立"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "judicially (adv.)",
   "judiciary (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "judicial指司法；judicious指明智、审慎。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "judicial"
 },
 {
  "w": "confine",
  "uk": "/kənˈfaɪn/",
  "us": "/kənˈfaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "限制；使局限于",
    "en": "To keep something within particular limits"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "禁闭；使无法离开",
    "en": "To keep someone in a place they cannot leave"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please confine your muddy boots to the porch.",
    "zh": "请把沾满泥的靴子放在门廊里，别带进屋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should not confine their investigation to wealthy neighbourhoods when studying access to public transport.",
    "zh": "研究公共交通的可及性时，研究人员不应将调查局限于富裕社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "confine something to｜将某事物限制在",
   "be confined to bed｜卧床不起",
   "confine oneself to｜使自己局限于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "confinement (n.)",
   "confined (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "restrict",
   "limit"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "release",
   "free"
  ],
  "tip": "常用confine A to B，表示将A限制在B内。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "confine"
 },
 {
  "w": "semiconductor",
  "uk": "/ˌsemikənˈdʌktə/",
  "us": "/ˌsemikənˈdʌktər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "半导体",
    "en": "A material that conducts electricity less easily than most metals."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister works at a factory making semiconductor chips.",
    "zh": "我姐姐在一家生产半导体芯片的工厂工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in semiconductor manufacturing is essential for developing reliable supplies of components used in modern electronic devices.",
    "zh": "投资半导体制造业对于确保现代电子设备所用元件的可靠供应至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "semiconductor chips｜半导体芯片",
   "semiconductor manufacturing｜半导体制造",
   "the semiconductor industry｜半导体产业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "semiconducting (adj.)",
   "semiconduction (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "semi-表示半；半导体导电性介于导体与绝缘体之间。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "semiconductor"
 },
 {
  "w": "deficiency",
  "uk": "/dɪˈfɪʃənsi/",
  "us": "/dɪˈfɪʃənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缺乏；不足",
    "en": "A lack of enough of something necessary."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缺陷；不足之处",
    "en": "A weakness that prevents something from working well."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A blood test revealed that I had an iron deficiency.",
    "zh": "验血结果显示我缺铁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Nutritional deficiency among children can affect physical growth and reduce their ability to concentrate at school.",
    "zh": "儿童营养不足可能影响身体发育，并降低他们在学校集中注意力的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "iron deficiency｜缺铁",
   "vitamin deficiency｜维生素缺乏",
   "nutritional deficiency｜营养不足",
   "remedy a deficiency｜弥补不足"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deficient (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shortage",
   "lack",
   "inadequacy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sufficiency",
   "excess"
  ],
  "tip": "缺某物用deficiency in；具体缺陷常用复数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deficiency"
 },
 {
  "w": "scorch",
  "uk": "/skɔːtʃ/",
  "us": "/skɔːrtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "烧焦；烤焦；使枯萎",
    "en": "To burn a surface slightly or damage it with heat"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hot iron scorched my favourite cotton shirt.",
    "zh": "滚烫的熨斗把我最喜欢的棉衬衫烫焦了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged heatwaves can scorch crops, reducing agricultural yields and threatening food supplies in vulnerable regions.",
    "zh": "持续的热浪会使庄稼焦枯，降低农业产量，并威胁脆弱地区的粮食供应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scorch marks｜焦痕",
   "scorch the grass｜使草地焦枯",
   "scorching heat｜灼热"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scorched (adj.)",
   "scorching (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "singe",
   "sear"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指表面烧焦，不一定烧毁；太阳也能scorch植物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scorch"
 },
 {
  "w": "symmetry",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪmətri/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪmətri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "对称；对称性",
    "en": "The matching arrangement of parts on opposite sides."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The butterfly's open wings show beautiful symmetry in the sunlight.",
    "zh": "阳光下，蝴蝶展开的双翅呈现出优美的对称性。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Architects often use symmetry to create buildings that appear balanced and visually pleasing to visitors.",
    "zh": "建筑师常利用对称性，使建筑在参观者眼中显得平衡而美观。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "perfect symmetry｜完美对称",
   "bilateral symmetry｜左右对称",
   "radial symmetry｜辐射对称"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "symmetrical (adj.)",
   "symmetrically (adv.)",
   "asymmetry (n.)",
   "asymmetrical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "asymmetry"
  ],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；形容词是symmetrical。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "symmetry"
 },
 {
  "w": "illiteracy",
  "uk": "/ɪˈlɪtərəsi/",
  "us": "/ɪˈlɪtərəsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不识字；文盲状态",
    "en": "The inability to read and write."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "某领域的知识匮乏",
    "en": "A lack of basic knowledge in a particular subject."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Evening classes helped my grandfather overcome illiteracy and read independently.",
    "zh": "夜校课程帮助我祖父摆脱了文盲状态，能够独立阅读。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing adult illiteracy can improve employment opportunities and enable more people to participate fully in society.",
    "zh": "降低成人文盲率可以改善就业机会，让更多人充分参与社会生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adult illiteracy｜成人文盲现象",
   "illiteracy rate｜文盲率",
   "combat illiteracy｜扫除文盲",
   "financial illiteracy｜金融知识匮乏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "illiterate (adj.)",
   "literate (adj.)",
   "literacy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "literacy"
  ],
  "tip": "illiteracy指不识字的状态；指人宜用描述性表达。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "illiteracy"
 },
 {
  "w": "calamity",
  "uk": "/kəˈlæməti/",
  "us": "/kəˈlæməti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灾难；重大不幸",
    "en": "An event causing severe damage, suffering, or distress."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The flood was a calamity for the whole village.",
    "zh": "这场洪水给整个村庄带来了灾难。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective emergency planning can reduce the human and economic costs of a natural calamity.",
    "zh": "有效的应急规划可以减少自然灾难造成的人员损失和经济代价。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a natural calamity｜自然灾难",
   "avert a calamity｜避免灾难",
   "calamity strikes｜灾难降临"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "calamitous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disaster",
   "catastrophe"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比problem严重得多，常指造成重大损失的灾难。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "calamity"
 },
 {
  "w": "diplomacy",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpləʊməsi/",
  "us": "/dɪˈploʊməsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "外交；外交活动",
    "en": "Managing relations between countries through discussion and negotiation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "交际手腕；圆通",
    "en": "Skill in dealing with people without upsetting them."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The two countries solved their disagreement through diplomacy.",
    "zh": "这两个国家通过外交途径解决了分歧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective diplomacy can help neighbouring countries manage shared water resources without resorting to conflict.",
    "zh": "有效的外交能帮助邻国管理共享水资源，避免诉诸冲突。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "international diplomacy｜国际外交",
   "quiet diplomacy｜低调外交",
   "use diplomacy｜运用交际手腕"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "diplomat (n.)",
   "diplomatic (adj.)",
   "diplomatically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指国家间的外交，也指避免得罪人的处事技巧。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diplomacy"
 },
 {
  "w": "transit",
  "uk": "/ˈtrænzɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈtrænzɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运输；运送",
    "en": "the movement of people or goods between places"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公共交通系统",
    "en": "a system of buses, trains, or other shared transport"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The glasses broke while they were in transit.",
    "zh": "这些玻璃杯在运输途中破碎了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transit can reduce traffic congestion and improve access to employment in growing cities.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通可以缓解交通拥堵，并改善发展中城市居民的就业可达性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in transit｜在运输途中",
   "public transit｜公共交通",
   "transit system｜公共交通系统",
   "transit visa｜过境签证"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "transportation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in transit指运输途中；public transit多用于美式英语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transit"
 },
 {
  "w": "resistant",
  "uk": "/rɪˈzɪstənt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈzɪstənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "耐……的；有抵抗力的",
    "en": "Not easily damaged or affected by something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "抵触的；抗拒的",
    "en": "Unwilling to accept something or agree to a change."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These boots are resistant to water and easy to clean.",
    "zh": "这双靴子防水，而且容易清洗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some bacteria have become resistant to common antibiotics, making infections more difficult to treat.",
    "zh": "一些细菌已对常用抗生素产生耐药性，使感染更难治疗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "resistant to change｜抵触改变",
   "antibiotic-resistant bacteria｜耐抗生素细菌",
   "water-resistant clothing｜防水服装"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "resist (v.)",
   "resistance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "susceptible"
  ],
  "tip": "常接to；water-resistant防水程度不及waterproof。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resistant"
 },
 {
  "w": "reimbursement",
  "uk": "/ˌriːɪmˈbɜːsmənt/",
  "us": "/ˌriːɪmˈbɝːsmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "报销；费用偿还",
    "en": "payment given back for money someone has spent"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep your train ticket to claim reimbursement from work.",
    "zh": "保留火车票，以便向单位申请报销。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing reimbursement for travel expenses can make professional training more accessible to employees from low-income households.",
    "zh": "报销差旅费用可以让来自低收入家庭的员工更容易获得职业培训机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "claim reimbursement｜申请报销",
   "reimbursement of expenses｜费用报销",
   "full reimbursement｜全额报销"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reimburse (v.)",
   "reimbursable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "repayment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "多指已付费用的报销，不泛指偿还贷款。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reimbursement"
 },
 {
  "w": "aristocracy",
  "uk": "/ˌærɪˈstɒkrəsi/",
  "us": "/ˌærɪˈstɑːkrəsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "贵族阶层",
    "en": "the highest social class, traditionally holding inherited titles and privileges"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "贵族统治",
    "en": "government by people belonging to a privileged hereditary class"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This grand house once belonged to the local aristocracy.",
    "zh": "这座豪宅曾属于当地贵族。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Land ownership historically allowed the aristocracy to exercise considerable influence over political decisions and rural employment.",
    "zh": "历史上，土地所有权使贵族阶层能够对政治决策和农村就业施加重大影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the landed aristocracy｜土地贵族",
   "the hereditary aristocracy｜世袭贵族",
   "a member of the aristocracy｜贵族成员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aristocrat (n.)",
   "aristocratic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "nobility"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指贵族阶层整体时通常用the aristocracy。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aristocracy"
 },
 {
  "w": "array",
  "uk": "/əˈreɪ/",
  "us": "/əˈreɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大批；一系列",
    "en": "a large collection of different things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阵列；数组",
    "en": "an ordered arrangement of objects or data"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "排列；布置",
    "en": "to arrange things in a particular order or pattern"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery displayed a colourful array of cakes.",
    "zh": "面包店陈列着各式各样、色彩缤纷的蛋糕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern universities offer a wide array of courses to meet the demands of a changing labour market.",
    "zh": "现代大学提供广泛的课程，以满足不断变化的劳动力市场需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wide array of｜种类繁多的",
   "an impressive array of｜令人赞叹的大批",
   "a solar array｜太阳能电池阵列",
   "a data array｜数据数组"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "range",
   "assortment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常见a wide array of，强调数量多、种类丰富。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "array"
 },
 {
  "w": "prelude",
  "uk": "/ˈpreljuːd/",
  "us": "/ˈpreljuːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "序幕；前奏",
    "en": "Something that happens before and introduces a more important event."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "前奏曲",
    "en": "A short musical piece, often introducing a longer work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our short walk was a prelude to a lovely picnic.",
    "zh": "我们先散了会儿步，随后享受了一次愉快的野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in reliable internet infrastructure is often a prelude to broader economic development in rural regions.",
    "zh": "投资建设可靠的互联网基础设施，往往是农村地区实现更广泛经济发展的序幕。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a prelude to｜……的前奏",
   "a piano prelude｜钢琴前奏曲",
   "a brief prelude｜简短的序幕"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "introduction",
   "opening"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用a prelude to，to后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prelude"
 },
 {
  "w": "perplex",
  "uk": "/pəˈpleks/",
  "us": "/pɚˈpleks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使困惑；使费解",
    "en": "To confuse someone because something is difficult to understand."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The washing machine's strange noises continue to perplex me.",
    "zh": "洗衣机发出的奇怪声响一直让我摸不着头脑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Conflicting dietary advice can perplex consumers who are trying to make healthier food choices.",
    "zh": "相互矛盾的饮食建议会让试图选择更健康食物的消费者感到困惑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "perplex researchers｜使研究人员困惑",
   "be perplexed by｜对……感到困惑",
   "a perplexing problem｜令人费解的问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perplexed (adj.)",
   "perplexing (adj.)",
   "perplexity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "puzzle",
   "confuse",
   "bewilder"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "enlighten"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词；人感到困惑用perplexed，事物令人困惑用perplexing。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "perplex"
 },
 {
  "w": "tonnage",
  "uk": "/ˈtʌnɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈtʌnɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "吨数；总吨重",
    "en": "The total weight of something expressed in tons."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "船舶吨位",
    "en": "A measure of a ship's size or carrying capacity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The driver checked the truck's tonnage before crossing.",
    "zh": "司机在通过前检查了卡车的总吨重。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The total tonnage of waste sent to landfill has declined since the city introduced recycling programmes.",
    "zh": "自该市推行回收计划以来，送往填埋场的废弃物总吨数已经下降。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "total tonnage｜总吨数",
   "cargo tonnage｜货物吨数",
   "gross tonnage｜船舶总吨位",
   "shipping tonnage｜船舶总吨位量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ton (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "船舶总吨位衡量容积，不等于船的实际重量。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tonnage"
 },
 {
  "w": "inward",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnwəd/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnwɚd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "向内的；朝内的",
    "en": "moving or directed towards the inside or centre"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "内心的；未表露的",
    "en": "felt privately in the mind rather than shown openly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向内；向中心",
    "en": "towards the inside or centre of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An inward push was enough to open the gate.",
    "zh": "只需向内一推，就能打开大门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An inward flow of investment can help developing economies improve infrastructure and create employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "投资流入能够帮助发展中经济体改善基础设施并创造就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inward investment｜外来投资",
   "inward movement｜向内移动",
   "inward feelings｜内心感受",
   "turn inward｜转向内心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inwardly (adv.)",
   "inwards (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inner"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "outward"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词用inward；副词英式英语也常用inwards。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inward"
 },
 {
  "w": "hinder",
  "uk": "/ˈhɪndə/",
  "us": "/ˈhɪndər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "阻碍；妨碍",
    "en": "To make progress or an activity more difficult."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy snow hindered our journey through the mountains.",
    "zh": "大雪阻碍了我们穿越山区的行程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Limited access to reliable internet can hinder educational progress among students living in remote rural communities.",
    "zh": "无法充分使用稳定的互联网，会阻碍偏远农村地区学生的学业进步。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hinder progress｜阻碍进展",
   "hinder development｜阻碍发展",
   "hinder efforts｜妨碍努力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hindrance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hamper",
   "impede",
   "obstruct"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "help",
   "facilitate"
  ],
  "tip": "hinder是使事情更困难，不一定像prevent那样完全阻止。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hinder"
 },
 {
  "w": "quest",
  "uk": "/kwest/",
  "us": "/kwest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "探索；追求",
    "en": "a long, determined search for something valuable or important"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "探寻；追寻",
    "en": "search persistently for something difficult to find"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our quest for fresh bread led us across town.",
    "zh": "为了找到新鲜面包，我们一路穿过了小镇。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The quest for cleaner energy has encouraged governments to invest heavily in new storage technologies.",
    "zh": "对更清洁能源的追求促使各国政府大力投资新型储能技术。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a quest for knowledge｜对知识的追求",
   "in quest of｜寻求",
   "embark on a quest｜开始探索"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "search",
   "pursuit"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用名词结构a quest for；动词用法较文学化。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quest"
 },
 {
  "w": "stagger",
  "uk": "/ˈstæɡə/",
  "us": "/ˈstæɡɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "踉跄；蹒跚",
    "en": "to walk unsteadily, as if about to fall"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "错开安排",
    "en": "to arrange events or activities at different times"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使震惊",
    "en": "to surprise someone greatly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He staggered backwards as the heavy suitcase swung towards him.",
    "zh": "沉重的行李箱朝他摆来时，他踉跄着往后退。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers could stagger working hours to ease congestion and reduce pressure on public transport.",
    "zh": "雇主可以错开工作时间，以缓解拥堵并减轻公共交通的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stagger backwards｜踉跄后退",
   "stagger to one's feet｜踉跄着站起来",
   "stagger working hours｜错开工作时间",
   "be staggered by｜被……震惊"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "staggering (adj.)",
   "staggeringly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "stagger作动词；staggering常指惊人之大。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stagger"
 },
 {
  "w": "transformation",
  "uk": "/ˌtrænsfəˈmeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌtrænsfɚˈmeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "彻底变化；改造；转型",
    "en": "a complete change in the appearance or nature of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dusty attic underwent a transformation into a cosy bedroom.",
    "zh": "布满灰尘的阁楼经过改造，变成了温馨的卧室。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in renewable energy could accelerate the transformation of industrial regions into centres of sustainable production.",
    "zh": "对可再生能源的投资可以加快工业地区向可持续生产中心的转型。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "undergo a transformation｜经历彻底变化",
   "a dramatic transformation｜巨大的转变",
   "digital transformation｜数字化转型",
   "transformation into｜向……的转变"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transform (v.)",
   "transformative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "conversion",
   "change"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用transformation from A into B表示由A变成B。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transformation"
 },
 {
  "w": "sheepish",
  "uk": "/ˈʃiːpɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈʃiːpɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "窘迫的；难为情的",
    "en": "Embarrassed because you have done something silly or wrong"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He gave a sheepish smile after spilling his juice.",
    "zh": "他打翻果汁后，露出了难为情的笑容。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may look sheepish after giving an incorrect answer, so teachers should respond with patience.",
    "zh": "学生答错问题后可能会显得很窘迫，因此教师应耐心回应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sheepish smile｜难为情的笑容",
   "a sheepish grin｜窘迫的咧嘴笑",
   "look sheepish｜显得难为情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sheepishly (adv.)",
   "sheepishness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "embarrassed",
   "abashed"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常因出错而难为情，不单指胆小或害羞。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sheepish"
 },
 {
  "w": "mythical",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪθɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪθɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "神话中的",
    "en": "existing in or relating to traditional myths"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "虚构的；并不存在的",
    "en": "imagined or widely believed in, but not actually real"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displayed a painting of a mythical dragon.",
    "zh": "博物馆展出了一幅描绘神话中巨龙的画。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Mythical creatures in traditional stories can reveal how earlier societies understood nature and human behaviour.",
    "zh": "传统故事中的神话生物可以揭示早期社会如何理解自然和人类行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mythical creature｜神话生物",
   "mythical hero｜神话英雄",
   "mythical kingdom｜虚构王国"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "myth (n.)",
   "mythology (n.)",
   "mythological (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "legendary",
   "fabled"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "real"
  ],
  "tip": "mythical多形容神话中的事物，也可指根本不存在的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mythical"
 },
 {
  "w": "nucleus",
  "uk": "/ˈnjuːkliəs/",
  "us": "/ˈnuːkliəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "细胞核",
    "en": "The part of a cell containing most of its genetic material."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "原子核",
    "en": "The central part of an atom, containing protons and usually neutrons."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "核心；中心",
    "en": "The central group or part around which something develops."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cell's nucleus looked purple under our classroom microscope.",
    "zh": "在教室的显微镜下，这个细胞的细胞核呈紫色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Damage to genetic material in the nucleus can affect how a cell functions and divides.",
    "zh": "细胞核中的遗传物质受损会影响细胞的功能和分裂。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cell nucleus｜细胞核",
   "atomic nucleus｜原子核",
   "form the nucleus of｜构成……的核心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nuclear (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "core",
   "centre"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为nuclei；可指细胞核或原子核。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nucleus"
 },
 {
  "w": "regularity",
  "uk": "/ˌreɡjəˈlærəti/",
  "us": "/ˌreɡjəˈlærəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "规律性；定期性",
    "en": "The quality of happening at consistent intervals or following a pattern."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The regularity of her morning walks helps her sleep better.",
    "zh": "她每天早晨规律散步，这帮助她睡得更好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The regularity of public transport services strongly influences whether commuters choose buses over private cars.",
    "zh": "公交服务的规律性会显著影响通勤者是否选择公交车而非私家车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "with remarkable regularity｜极有规律地",
   "with increasing regularity｜越来越频繁地",
   "regularity of rainfall｜降雨的规律性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "regular (adj.)",
   "regularly (adv.)",
   "irregular (adj.)",
   "irregularity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "irregularity"
  ],
  "tip": "with regularity表示有规律地，也可指经常发生。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "regularity"
 },
 {
  "w": "glide",
  "uk": "/ɡlaɪd/",
  "us": "/ɡlaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "平稳滑行；轻盈移动",
    "en": "To move smoothly and easily, often without much noise."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "滑翔",
    "en": "To fly without engine power or without moving the wings."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The swan glided across the pond towards the reeds.",
    "zh": "天鹅平稳地游过池塘，朝芦苇丛靠近。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Large birds conserve energy by gliding on rising air currents rather than continuously flapping their wings.",
    "zh": "大型鸟类借助上升气流滑翔，而不是持续拍打翅膀，以此节省能量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "glide across｜平稳滑过",
   "glide smoothly｜顺畅滑行",
   "glide through the air｜在空中滑翔"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "glider (n.)",
   "gliding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "slide"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调移动平稳轻盈；空中滑翔也用glide。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glide"
 },
 {
  "w": "vow",
  "uk": "/vaʊ/",
  "us": "/vaʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "誓言；郑重承诺",
    "en": "A serious promise to do or not do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发誓；郑重承诺",
    "en": "To promise firmly that you will do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She made a vow to visit her grandmother weekly.",
    "zh": "她郑重承诺每周都去看望祖母。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local leaders vowed to protect public parks despite growing pressure to develop more housing.",
    "zh": "尽管增加住房建设的压力越来越大，当地领导人仍承诺保护公共公园。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a vow｜立下誓言",
   "keep a vow｜信守誓言",
   "break a vow｜违背誓言",
   "vow to do something｜发誓做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "pledge",
   "promise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用vow to do或vow that从句。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vow"
 },
 {
  "w": "indifferent",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdɪfrənt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdɪfrənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不关心的；冷淡的",
    "en": "showing little interest or concern"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "平庸的；不出色的",
    "en": "not particularly good in quality"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our cat remained indifferent to its expensive new toy.",
    "zh": "我们家的猫对昂贵的新玩具仍然毫无兴趣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People may appear indifferent to environmental problems when they believe their individual actions cannot make a difference.",
    "zh": "当人们认为个人行动无法带来改变时，可能会显得对环境问题漠不关心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "indifferent to｜对……漠不关心",
   "remain indifferent｜仍然无动于衷",
   "indifferent performance｜平庸的表现"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "indifference (n.)",
   "indifferently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unconcerned",
   "apathetic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "concerned",
   "interested"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be indifferent to；这里的to是介词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indifferent"
 },
 {
  "w": "remnant",
  "uk": "/ˈremnənt/",
  "us": "/ˈremnənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "残余部分；遗迹",
    "en": "a small part remaining after most has disappeared or been removed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "布头；零头布料",
    "en": "a small piece of cloth left from a larger length"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Only a remnant of the old wall still stands.",
    "zh": "那堵旧墙只剩下一小段还立着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting remnants of ancient woodland can preserve habitats that support rare species and maintain local biodiversity.",
    "zh": "保护古老林地的残存部分，可以保留珍稀物种的栖息地并维护当地生物多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a remnant of the past｜过去的遗存",
   "forest remnants｜残存林地",
   "fabric remnants｜零头布料"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "remainder",
   "vestige"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用a remnant of；复数remnants强调残留的各部分。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "remnant"
 },
 {
  "w": "eradication",
  "uk": "/ɪˌrædɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪˌrædɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "根除；彻底消灭",
    "en": "the complete removal or destruction of something harmful"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Complete eradication of these weeds will take patience.",
    "zh": "要彻底清除这些杂草，需要耐心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The eradication of infectious diseases requires sustained investment in vaccination programmes and public health infrastructure.",
    "zh": "根除传染病需要持续投资于疫苗接种计划和公共卫生基础设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disease eradication｜疾病根除",
   "the eradication of poverty｜消除贫困",
   "eradication programme｜根除计划"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eradicate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "elimination"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调彻底消除，常用eradication of。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eradication"
 },
 {
  "w": "temperament",
  "uk": "/ˈtemprəmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈtemprəmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "性情；气质",
    "en": "a person's usual emotional nature and way of reacting"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our new puppy has a gentle temperament and rarely barks.",
    "zh": "我们新养的小狗性情温顺，很少吠叫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A calm temperament helps healthcare professionals communicate effectively with patients during stressful situations in busy hospitals.",
    "zh": "在繁忙医院的紧张情境下，沉着的性情有助于医护人员与患者有效沟通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a calm temperament｜沉着的性情",
   "an artistic temperament｜艺术家气质",
   "by temperament｜天性上"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "temperamental (adj.)",
   "temperamentally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disposition",
   "nature"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "temperament指惯常性情；temper常指脾气，尤指怒气。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "temperament"
 },
 {
  "w": "dub",
  "uk": "/dʌb/",
  "us": "/dʌb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为影视译制配音",
    "en": "To replace a film's original speech with another language."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给…起绰号；称…为",
    "en": "To give someone or something a particular name or description."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They dubbed the cartoon into Spanish for younger viewers.",
    "zh": "他们为这部动画片配上西班牙语，方便年幼观众观看。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Journalists have dubbed the new railway a lifeline for rural communities previously isolated from major employment centres.",
    "zh": "记者将这条新铁路称为乡村社区的生命线，这些社区此前与主要就业中心相隔绝。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dub a film｜为电影配音",
   "dub into English｜配成英语",
   "dubbed version｜配音版"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dubbing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "nickname"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式dubbed；dub A B表示“称A为B”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dub"
 },
 {
  "w": "amends",
  "uk": "/əˈmendz/",
  "us": "/əˈmendz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赔罪；补偿",
    "en": "Something done to repair harm or show regret."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I baked her a cake to make amends.",
    "zh": "我给她烤了一个蛋糕，以此赔罪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies should make amends for environmental damage by restoring habitats and compensating affected communities.",
    "zh": "企业应通过恢复栖息地和赔偿受影响的社区来弥补造成的环境损害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make amends｜赔罪；补偿",
   "make amends for a mistake｜弥补错误",
   "make amends to someone｜向某人赔罪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "amend (v.)",
   "amendment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reparation",
   "compensation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词通常用make amends；不说an amends。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amends"
 },
 {
  "w": "ignite",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈnaɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈnaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "点燃；燃烧",
    "en": "To start burning or cause something to burn."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "激起；引发",
    "en": "To cause a strong feeling or situation to begin."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiny spark ignited the dry wood in the fireplace.",
    "zh": "一颗小火星点燃了壁炉里的干木柴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Practical science lessons can ignite students' curiosity and encourage them to explore unfamiliar ideas independently.",
    "zh": "科学实践课能够激发学生的好奇心，鼓励他们独立探索陌生的概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ignite a fire｜点起火",
   "ignite interest｜激发兴趣",
   "ignite a debate｜引发争论"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ignition (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "light",
   "kindle"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "extinguish"
  ],
  "tip": "可及物也可不及物；还可比喻激起兴趣或争论。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ignite"
 },
 {
  "w": "witty",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪti/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "机智幽默的；风趣的",
    "en": "Using words in a clever and amusing way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her witty reply made everyone at the table laugh.",
    "zh": "她机智风趣的回答逗得同桌的人都笑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A witty presentation can engage students, provided that humour supports rather than distracts from the lesson.",
    "zh": "风趣的讲解可以吸引学生，但幽默应辅助教学，而不是分散学生的注意力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "witty remark｜诙谐的话",
   "witty reply｜机智的回答",
   "witty dialogue｜风趣的对白"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wit (n.)",
   "wittily (adv.)",
   "wittiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "humorous",
   "clever"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "humourless"
  ],
  "tip": "witty强调语言机智幽默，不泛指好笑。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "witty"
 },
 {
  "w": "veto",
  "uk": "/ˈviːtəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈviːtoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "否决权；否决",
    "en": "Official power to reject a decision, or its use."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "否决；禁止",
    "en": "Officially reject a proposed decision or action."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The club president used her veto to stop the purchase.",
    "zh": "俱乐部主席行使否决权，叫停了这次购买。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Giving every member a veto can protect minority interests but may also delay urgent collective decisions.",
    "zh": "赋予每位成员否决权可以保护少数群体的利益，但也可能拖延紧迫的集体决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "veto power｜否决权",
   "exercise a veto｜行使否决权",
   "veto a proposal｜否决提案",
   "override a veto｜推翻否决"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "reject",
   "block"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "approve"
  ],
  "tip": "复数vetoes；动词过去式vetoed。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "veto"
 },
 {
  "w": "wail",
  "uk": "/weɪl/",
  "us": "/weɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "哀号；大声哭叫",
    "en": "to cry loudly in pain, sadness, or distress"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "哀号声；尖厉长鸣",
    "en": "a long, high cry or sound expressing distress"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The baby began to wail when her toy fell.",
    "zh": "玩具掉了，宝宝便放声大哭起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents heard sirens wailing throughout the night as emergency teams responded to the severe flooding.",
    "zh": "应急队伍应对严重洪灾时，居民整夜都听到警报器的长鸣声。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wail in pain｜痛得大声哭叫",
   "a piercing wail｜刺耳的哀号声",
   "the wail of sirens｜警报器的长鸣声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wailing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "howl"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调持续而尖厉的哭声，也可形容警报器长鸣。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wail"
 },
 {
  "w": "adverbial",
  "uk": "/ədˈvɜːbiəl/",
  "us": "/ədˈvɝːbiəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "副词的；状语的",
    "en": "functioning as an adverb or relating to adverbs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "状语",
    "en": "a word or group expressing when, where, how, or why"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher explained adverbial phrases using simple everyday examples.",
    "zh": "老师用简单的日常例子讲解了状语短语。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Understanding adverbial clauses helps language learners express relationships between events more precisely in academic writing.",
    "zh": "理解状语从句有助于语言学习者在学术写作中更准确地表达事件之间的关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adverbial phrase｜状语短语",
   "adverbial clause｜状语从句",
   "adverbial modifier｜状语修饰语"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adverb (n.)",
   "adverbially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "adverb是词类；adverbial可指单词、短语或从句的状语功能。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adverbial"
 },
 {
  "w": "bust",
  "uk": "/bʌst/",
  "us": "/bʌst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "半身像；胸像",
    "en": "a sculpture showing a person's head, shoulders, and upper chest"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女性胸部；胸围",
    "en": "a woman's chest, or its measurement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A marble bust stood beside the museum entrance.",
    "zh": "博物馆入口旁立着一尊大理石半身像。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Displaying a bust of a local artist can help museums connect visitors with their community's cultural history.",
    "zh": "展出当地艺术家的半身像，有助于博物馆让参观者了解所在社区的文化历史。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a marble bust｜大理石半身像",
   "a bronze bust｜青铜半身像",
   "bust measurement｜胸围尺寸"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指雕像时是可数名词，通常只有头、肩和胸部。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bust"
 },
 {
  "w": "syndrome",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪndrəʊm/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪndroʊm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "综合征",
    "en": "a group of symptoms that occur together in a condition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor explained how the syndrome affects sleep.",
    "zh": "医生解释了这种综合征如何影响睡眠。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early recognition of a syndrome can help healthcare professionals provide appropriate support and manage symptoms more effectively.",
    "zh": "及早识别综合征，有助于医疗人员提供适当支持，并更有效地控制症状。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chronic fatigue syndrome｜慢性疲劳综合征",
   "irritable bowel syndrome｜肠易激综合征",
   "metabolic syndrome｜代谢综合征"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指一组共同出现的症状，不等同于单一症状symptom。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "syndrome"
 },
 {
  "w": "platypus",
  "uk": "/ˈplætɪpəs/",
  "us": "/ˈplætɪpəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鸭嘴兽",
    "en": "An Australian egg-laying mammal with a flat bill and webbed feet."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a platypus swimming quietly near the riverbank.",
    "zh": "我们看着一只鸭嘴兽在河岸附近静静地游泳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting rivers from pollution is essential for the survival of the platypus and other freshwater animals.",
    "zh": "保护河流免受污染，对鸭嘴兽及其他淡水动物的生存至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a duck-billed platypus｜鸭嘴兽",
   "platypus habitat｜鸭嘴兽栖息地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "虽会产卵，鸭嘴兽仍属于哺乳动物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "platypus"
 },
 {
  "w": "converse",
  "uk": "/kənˈvɜːs/",
  "us": "/kənˈvɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "交谈；谈话",
    "en": "To talk with someone and exchange thoughts."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We conversed quietly while waiting for the train.",
    "zh": "我们等火车时轻声交谈。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Language exchange programmes allow students to converse with native speakers and develop confidence in unfamiliar social situations.",
    "zh": "语言交流项目让学生能够与母语使用者交谈，并培养在陌生社交场合中的自信。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "converse with someone｜与某人交谈",
   "converse in English｜用英语交谈",
   "converse about a topic｜谈论某个话题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conversation (n.)",
   "conversational (adj.)",
   "conversationalist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "talk",
   "chat"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词重音在后；名词“相反情况”重音在前。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "converse"
 },
 {
  "w": "execution",
  "uk": "/ˌeksɪˈkjuːʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌeksɪˈkjuːʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "执行；实施",
    "en": "the act of carrying out a plan, order, or task"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "死刑的执行",
    "en": "the act of killing someone as a legal punishment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "表演；技艺的发挥",
    "en": "the way a skilled action or performance is carried out"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The picnic plan was simple, but its execution proved tricky.",
    "zh": "野餐计划很简单，但实施起来却不容易。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Successful execution of environmental policies requires adequate funding, clear responsibilities, and consistent monitoring by public authorities.",
    "zh": "环境政策的成功实施需要充足的资金、明确的责任以及公共部门持续的监督。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "execution of a plan｜计划的执行",
   "flawless execution｜完美的发挥",
   "stay of execution｜暂缓执行死刑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "execute (v.)",
   "executable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "implementation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指执行计划，也可指执行死刑，须看语境。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "execution"
 },
 {
  "w": "doubtless",
  "uk": "/ˈdaʊtləs/",
  "us": "/ˈdaʊtləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "几乎肯定地；想必",
    "en": "Almost certainly, or as one confidently expects."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You'll doubtless feel hungry after such a long walk.",
    "zh": "走了这么远，你想必饿了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved public transport will doubtless benefit commuters, although its construction may cause temporary disruption.",
    "zh": "改善公共交通想必会使通勤者受益，不过施工可能造成暂时的不便。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "will doubtless｜想必会",
   "would doubtless｜想必会",
   "doubtless be aware｜想必知道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "doubt (n., v.)",
   "doubtful (adj.)",
   "doubtfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "presumably",
   "probably"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常表示有把握的推测，不一定是绝对确定。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "doubtless"
 },
 {
  "w": "inference",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnfərəns/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnfərəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推断；推论",
    "en": "A conclusion reached from evidence rather than direct statements."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her muddy boots supported my inference about her morning walk.",
    "zh": "她沾满泥的靴子印证了我关于她早晨散过步的推断。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should avoid drawing a firm inference from a small sample without considering alternative explanations.",
    "zh": "研究人员应避免在未考虑其他解释的情况下，根据小样本作出确定的推断。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "draw an inference｜作出推断",
   "reasonable inference｜合理的推断",
   "inference from evidence｜基于证据的推断"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "infer (v.)",
   "inferential (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deduction",
   "conclusion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用draw an inference from，指根据证据推断。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inference"
 },
 {
  "w": "alleviate",
  "uk": "/əˈliːvieɪt/",
  "us": "/əˈliːvieɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "减轻；缓解",
    "en": "to make pain, suffering, or a problem less severe"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A warm bath helped alleviate the ache in my shoulders.",
    "zh": "洗个热水澡帮助缓解了我的肩膀酸痛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding affordable housing could alleviate pressure on low-income families and reduce the risk of homelessness.",
    "zh": "增加可负担住房可以减轻低收入家庭的压力，并降低无家可归的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "alleviate pain｜缓解疼痛",
   "alleviate poverty｜缓解贫困",
   "alleviate pressure｜减轻压力",
   "alleviate symptoms｜缓解症状"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "alleviation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ease",
   "relieve"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "aggravate",
   "worsen"
  ],
  "tip": "直接接痛苦或问题；表示减轻，不一定彻底消除。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alleviate"
 },
 {
  "w": "textual",
  "uk": "/ˈtekstʃuəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtekstʃuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "文本的；与原文有关的",
    "en": "relating to written words or the wording of a document"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The editor made several textual changes to my story.",
    "zh": "编辑对我的故事做了几处文字修改。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should support their interpretations with textual evidence rather than rely solely on personal reactions to a novel.",
    "zh": "学生应以文本证据支持自己的解读，而不是仅凭对小说的个人感受。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "textual analysis｜文本分析",
   "textual evidence｜文本证据",
   "textual criticism｜文本校勘",
   "textual changes｜文字修改"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "text (n.)",
   "textually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "textual指文本内容；textile指纺织品，勿混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "textual"
 },
 {
  "w": "semblance",
  "uk": "/ˈsembləns/",
  "us": "/ˈsembləns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "表象；些许相似之处",
    "en": "An outward appearance or slight degree of a particular quality"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I tidied the cushions to restore some semblance of order.",
    "zh": "我整理了靠垫，让屋里多少显得整齐一些。"
   },
   {
    "en": "After severe flooding, reopening schools can help communities regain a semblance of normality while essential infrastructure is repaired.",
    "zh": "严重洪灾后，在必要的基础设施修复期间，重新开学可以帮助社区恢复些许正常生活的样貌。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a semblance of normality｜些许正常的样貌",
   "a semblance of order｜表面上的秩序",
   "maintain a semblance of｜维持…的表象"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "appearance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用 a semblance of，表示表面上或些许的某种状态。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "semblance"
 },
 {
  "w": "indicative",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdɪkətɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdɪkətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "表明……的；指示性的",
    "en": "Showing that something exists or is likely to be true."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "陈述语气的",
    "en": "Describing verb forms used for statements of fact or questions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These dark clouds are indicative of an approaching storm.",
    "zh": "这些乌云预示着暴风雨即将到来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising demand for public transport may be indicative of changing attitudes towards car ownership in urban areas.",
    "zh": "公共交通需求的上升可能表明，城市居民对拥有私家车的态度正在改变。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "indicative of｜表明……的",
   "indicative figures｜参考数据",
   "indicative mood｜陈述语气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "indicate (v.)",
   "indication (n.)",
   "indicator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "suggestive",
   "revealing"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用be indicative of，表示“是……的迹象”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indicative"
 },
 {
  "w": "barometer",
  "uk": "/bəˈrɒmɪtə/",
  "us": "/bəˈrɑːmɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "气压计",
    "en": "an instrument that measures air pressure"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "变化的指标；晴雨表",
    "en": "something that indicates changes in a situation or condition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We checked the barometer before sailing across the bay.",
    "zh": "我们驾船横渡海湾前查看了气压计。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumer confidence is often regarded as a useful barometer of a country's overall economic health.",
    "zh": "消费者信心常被视为衡量一国整体经济健康状况的有效指标。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "air pressure barometer｜气压计",
   "a barometer of public opinion｜民意的晴雨表",
   "economic barometer｜经济晴雨表"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "barometric (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比喻某种状况的指标时，常用a barometer of。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "barometer"
 },
 {
  "w": "authorize",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːθəraɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːθəraɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "授权；正式批准",
    "en": "To give official permission for someone to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Only the manager can authorize a refund this large.",
    "zh": "只有经理才能批准这么大一笔退款。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities may authorize new housing developments only after assessing their likely effects on traffic and public services.",
    "zh": "地方政府可能只有在评估新住宅开发对交通及公共服务的潜在影响后，才会批准项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "authorize a payment｜批准付款",
   "authorize someone to act｜授权某人行事",
   "authorize access｜授权访问"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "authorization (n.)",
   "authorized (adj.)",
   "unauthorized (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "permit",
   "approve"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "forbid"
  ],
  "tip": "常用authorize sb to do；英式也写authorise。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "authorize"
 },
 {
  "w": "prudent",
  "uk": "/ˈpruːdənt/",
  "us": "/ˈpruːdənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "谨慎的；稳妥的",
    "en": "Careful and sensible about risks and future consequences."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Taking an extra jacket seemed prudent before our mountain walk.",
    "zh": "去山里徒步前，多带一件外套似乎很稳妥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prudent financial planning can help households cope with unexpected expenses during periods of economic uncertainty.",
    "zh": "审慎的财务规划能帮助家庭在经济不稳定时期应付意外开支。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prudent decision｜审慎的决定",
   "prudent financial management｜稳健的财务管理",
   "prudent to do something｜做某事是明智的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prudence (n.)",
   "prudently (adv.)",
   "imprudent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sensible",
   "cautious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reckless",
   "imprudent"
  ],
  "tip": "强调考虑风险和后果，不只是胆小或节俭。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prudent"
 },
 {
  "w": "treble",
  "uk": "/ˈtrebl/",
  "us": "/ˈtrebəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "增至三倍；使增至三倍",
    "en": "To become three times as much, or cause this increase."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "三倍的；三重的",
    "en": "Three times as much, or consisting of three parts."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "高音；高音声部",
    "en": "The high sounds in music or a sound system."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our heating bills treble when the weather turns cold.",
    "zh": "天气变冷时，我们的取暖费会增至原来的三倍。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in renewable energy could treble over the next decade if governments introduce stronger financial incentives.",
    "zh": "如果政府推出更有力的财政激励措施，可再生能源投资可能在未来十年增至三倍。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "treble in size｜扩大到原来的三倍",
   "treble the cost｜使成本增至三倍",
   "treble clef｜高音谱号",
   "treble and bass｜高音与低音"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trebling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "triple"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "treble表示变为原来的三倍，即增加两倍；英式英语常用。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "treble"
 },
 {
  "w": "cunning",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌnɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌnɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "狡猾的；诡计多端的",
    "en": "Clever at getting what you want by deceiving others."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巧妙的",
    "en": "Cleverly planned or designed to achieve a purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狡诈；诡计",
    "en": "Skill in achieving goals through clever deception."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cunning fox waited until the dog fell asleep.",
    "zh": "那只狡猾的狐狸一直等到狗睡着了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cunning advertising tactics can persuade consumers to purchase products they neither need nor can afford.",
    "zh": "狡猾的广告手段可能诱使消费者购买既不需要也负担不起的产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cunning plan｜巧妙的计划",
   "a cunning trick｜狡猾的把戏",
   "cunning tactics｜狡诈的策略"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cunningly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "crafty",
   "sly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "guileless"
  ],
  "tip": "形容人时通常含贬义，不等于单纯的聪明。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cunning"
 },
 {
  "w": "inlet",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnlet/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnlet/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小海湾；水湾",
    "en": "A narrow stretch of water reaching into the land."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "入口；进气口；进水口",
    "en": "An opening through which liquid or gas enters."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We paddled into a quiet inlet sheltered by cliffs.",
    "zh": "我们划进了一处被峭壁遮护的宁静小海湾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal inlets provide sheltered habitats for marine species, but pollution can seriously damage these fragile ecosystems.",
    "zh": "沿海小海湾为海洋物种提供受庇护的栖息地，但污染会严重破坏这些脆弱的生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sheltered inlet｜避风的小海湾",
   "a narrow inlet｜狭窄的水湾",
   "air inlet｜进气口",
   "water inlet｜进水口"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "outlet"
  ],
  "tip": "地理中指小海湾；设备中指流体入口，与outlet相对。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inlet"
 },
 {
  "w": "flourish",
  "uk": "/ˈflʌrɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈflɜːrɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "繁荣；茁壮成长",
    "en": "To grow strongly or develop successfully."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挥舞以引人注意",
    "en": "To wave something in a way that attracts attention."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "夸张动作；华丽装饰",
    "en": "A showy movement or decorative detail."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These herbs flourish on our warm, sunny kitchen windowsill.",
    "zh": "这些香草在我们厨房温暖、阳光充足的窗台上长得很旺。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses are more likely to flourish when local governments provide affordable premises and reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "地方政府提供价格合理的经营场所和可靠的公共交通时，小企业更容易蓬勃发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flourish in｜在……中蓬勃发展",
   "a flourishing business｜生意兴隆的企业",
   "with a flourish｜以夸张的动作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flourishing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thrive",
   "prosper"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "decline",
   "wither"
  ],
  "tip": "表繁荣时是不及物动词，不直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flourish"
 },
 {
  "w": "coarse",
  "uk": "/kɔːs/",
  "us": "/kɔːrs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "粗糙的；粗颗粒的",
    "en": "Having a rough texture or consisting of large particles"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "粗俗的；粗鲁的",
    "en": "Rude or offensive in speech or behaviour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The coarse wool scratched my neck all afternoon.",
    "zh": "那件粗糙的羊毛衣让我的脖子整个下午都刺痒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coarse particles in urban air can irritate the lungs and worsen existing respiratory conditions among vulnerable residents.",
    "zh": "城市空气中的粗颗粒物会刺激肺部，并加重易感居民原有的呼吸系统疾病。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "coarse sand｜粗沙",
   "coarse fabric｜粗糙的布料",
   "coarse particles｜粗颗粒物",
   "coarse language｜粗俗的语言"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coarsely (adv.)",
   "coarseness (n.)",
   "coarsen (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rough",
   "crude"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fine",
   "smooth"
  ],
  "tip": "与course同音；coarse形容质地粗或言语粗俗。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coarse"
 },
 {
  "w": "inverse",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnˈvɜːs/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnˈvɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "反向的；成反比的",
    "en": "Opposite in direction, order, or effect"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "相反事物；逆运算",
    "en": "The opposite of something, or an operation reversing another"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our free time and workload have an inverse relationship.",
    "zh": "我们的空闲时间与工作量呈反向关系。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The study found an inverse relationship between regular physical activity and reported stress levels among office workers.",
    "zh": "研究发现，上班族的规律运动量与其报告的压力水平呈负相关。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inverse relationship｜反向关系",
   "inverse proportion｜反比",
   "the inverse of｜…的相反事物",
   "inverse operation｜逆运算"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inversely (adv.)",
   "inversion (n.)",
   "invert (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reverse",
   "opposite"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "inverse relationship指一方增加时另一方减少。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inverse"
 },
 {
  "w": "brink",
  "uk": "/brɪŋk/",
  "us": "/brɪŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "紧要关头；边缘",
    "en": "A point just before something happens, especially something bad."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陡边；崖边",
    "en": "The edge of a cliff or steep drop."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their little shop was on the brink of closing.",
    "zh": "他们的小店差一点就关门了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged drought has pushed several rural communities to the brink of a severe food crisis.",
    "zh": "长期干旱已将几个农村社区推到严重粮食危机的边缘。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on the brink of collapse｜濒临崩溃",
   "bring back from the brink｜从危急边缘挽回",
   "push to the brink｜逼至危急关头"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "verge",
   "edge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on the brink of后接名词或动名词，常指危机。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brink"
 },
 {
  "w": "solely",
  "uk": "/ˈsəʊlli/",
  "us": "/ˈsoʊlli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "仅仅；完全",
    "en": "Only, with nothing or nobody else involved."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This cupboard is used solely for cleaning supplies.",
    "zh": "这个柜子只用来存放清洁用品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should not judge students solely on examination results, since practical skills also matter.",
    "zh": "学校不应仅凭考试成绩评价学生，因为实践技能同样重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "solely responsible｜全权负责的",
   "solely based on｜仅基于",
   "rely solely on｜完全依赖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sole (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "only",
   "exclusively"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "solely强调仅限某人或某事，不等于独自。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "solely"
 },
 {
  "w": "shun",
  "uk": "/ʃʌn/",
  "us": "/ʃʌn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刻意避开；回避",
    "en": "To deliberately avoid someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My neighbours shun crowded shops and buy food online.",
    "zh": "我的邻居们避开拥挤的商店，在网上购买食品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some graduates shun corporate careers because they value personal independence more than a high salary.",
    "zh": "一些毕业生不愿进入企业工作，因为他们认为个人独立比高薪更重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shun publicity｜回避公众关注",
   "shun responsibility｜逃避责任",
   "shun society｜避开社交"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "avoid",
   "eschew"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "embrace"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接宾语；过去式shunned。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shun"
 },
 {
  "w": "nomination",
  "uk": "/ˌnɒmɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌnɑːmɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "提名；推荐",
    "en": "The act of formally proposing someone for a position or award."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her nomination for the teaching award surprised everyone.",
    "zh": "她获教学奖提名，让大家都很惊讶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A transparent nomination process can help ensure that leadership candidates represent the interests of the wider community.",
    "zh": "透明的提名程序有助于确保领导职位候选人代表更广泛群体的利益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "receive a nomination｜获得提名",
   "nomination for an award｜奖项提名",
   "nomination process｜提名程序",
   "submit a nomination｜提交提名"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nominate (v.)",
   "nominee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "提名用nomination；最终任命通常用appointment。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nomination"
 },
 {
  "w": "insofar",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnsəʊˈfɑː/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnsoʊˈfɑːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在……范围内；就……而言",
    "en": "To the extent that something is true or possible."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'll help insofar as my busy schedule allows.",
    "zh": "只要繁忙的日程允许，我会尽力帮忙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online learning is effective insofar as students have reliable internet access and receive adequate support from teachers.",
    "zh": "在线学习的有效性取决于学生能否稳定上网并获得教师的充分支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "insofar as possible｜在可能范围内",
   "insofar as it affects｜就其影响……而言",
   "insofar as we know｜据我们所知"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常用于正式表达insofar as，后接从句。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "insofar"
 },
 {
  "w": "molest",
  "uk": "/məˈlest/",
  "us": "/məˈlest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猥亵；性骚扰",
    "en": "To subject someone to unwanted sexual touching or behaviour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "骚扰；侵扰",
    "en": "To bother or attack someone, especially in older usage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The club bans anyone who tries to molest guests.",
    "zh": "这家俱乐部禁止任何企图猥亵宾客的人进入。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport authorities should provide clear reporting procedures for passengers targeted by individuals who molest others.",
    "zh": "公共交通管理部门应为遭到猥亵的乘客提供明确的举报流程。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "molest someone｜猥亵某人",
   "sexually molest｜实施性猥亵"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "molestation (n.)",
   "molester (n.)",
   "unmolested (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "现代英语多指性猥亵，勿用于普通的打扰。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "涉及性侵害的敏感词；不是普通“打扰”。",
  "id": "molest"
 },
 {
  "w": "subdivide",
  "uk": "/ˌsʌbdɪˈvaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˌsʌbdɪˈvaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "再分；细分",
    "en": "to divide something into smaller parts or groups"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We subdivided the drawer with small wooden dividers.",
    "zh": "我们用小木隔板把抽屉进一步分隔开了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers often subdivide survey participants into age groups to identify differences in attitudes towards public transport.",
    "zh": "研究人员常将调查参与者按年龄细分，以识别他们对公共交通的态度差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "subdivide into groups｜细分成组",
   "subdivide land｜细分土地",
   "subdivide a category｜细分类别"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "subdivision (n.)",
   "divide (v.)",
   "division (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "partition",
   "divide"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "combine",
   "merge"
  ],
  "tip": "常用subdivide A into B，表示把A细分为B。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "subdivide"
 },
 {
  "w": "mutation",
  "uk": "/mjuːˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/mjuːˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "基因突变",
    "en": "A change in the genetic material of an organism."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A mutation gave this flower its unusual white petals.",
    "zh": "一次基因突变使这朵花长出了不寻常的白色花瓣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A genetic mutation may increase disease risk, although environmental factors also influence whether symptoms eventually develop.",
    "zh": "基因突变可能增加患病风险，但环境因素也会影响症状最终是否出现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "genetic mutation｜基因突变",
   "spontaneous mutation｜自发突变",
   "mutation rate｜突变率"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mutate (v.)",
   "mutant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指遗传物质的改变，不一定有害。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mutation"
 },
 {
  "w": "disentangle",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪsɪnˈtæŋɡəl/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪsɪnˈtæŋɡəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "解开；理顺",
    "en": "To separate things that have become twisted or caught together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "理清；摆脱",
    "en": "To separate complicated issues or free someone from a difficult situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I carefully disentangled the necklace from my headphones.",
    "zh": "我小心地把项链从耳机线上解了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must disentangle the effects of income and education when examining differences in public health.",
    "zh": "研究人员在考察公众健康差异时，必须区分收入和教育各自的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disentangle cables｜理顺缠绕的电线",
   "disentangle the effects of｜厘清……的影响",
   "disentangle yourself from｜使自己摆脱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disentanglement (n.)",
   "entangle (v.)",
   "entanglement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "untangle",
   "unravel"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "entangle"
  ],
  "tip": "常用disentangle A from B，表示解开或分离。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disentangle"
 },
 {
  "w": "indignant",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdɪɡnənt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdɪɡnənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "愤愤不平的；愤慨的",
    "en": "Angry because something seems unfair or insulting."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She was indignant when someone pushed ahead in the queue.",
    "zh": "有人插队时，她感到愤愤不平。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents were indignant about the council's decision to close their only public swimming pool.",
    "zh": "市政委员会决定关闭当地唯一的公共游泳池，居民对此十分愤慨。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "indignant about something｜对某事愤慨",
   "an indignant response｜愤慨的回应",
   "indignant at the suggestion｜对这一提议感到愤慨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "indignantly (adv.)",
   "indignation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "outraged",
   "resentful"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调因不公或受辱而生气，不泛指愤怒。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indignant"
 },
 {
  "w": "deficient",
  "uk": "/dɪˈfɪʃənt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈfɪʃənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "缺乏的；不足的",
    "en": "not having enough of something necessary"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有缺陷的；不完善的",
    "en": "not good enough in quality or performance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor said my diet was deficient in iron.",
    "zh": "医生说我的饮食中铁摄入不足。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Communities with deficient healthcare services often face greater difficulties in preventing disease and supporting older residents.",
    "zh": "医疗服务不完善的社区往往在疾病预防和老年居民照护方面面临更大困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deficient in iron｜缺铁的",
   "nutritionally deficient｜营养不足的",
   "deficient in essential nutrients｜缺乏必需营养素的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deficiency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lacking",
   "inadequate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sufficient",
   "adequate"
  ],
  "tip": "缺乏某物用be deficient in，常见于营养和能力描述。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deficient"
 },
 {
  "w": "finicky",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪnɪki/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪnɪki/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "过分挑剔的；难伺候的",
    "en": "very particular about small details and difficult to please"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "需精细操作的",
    "en": "requiring careful attention and easily disturbed or damaged"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our finicky cat refuses food unless it is warm.",
    "zh": "我们家那只挑剔的猫，食物不热就不肯吃。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers can be finicky about appearance, leading supermarkets to reject perfectly edible fruit with minor imperfections.",
    "zh": "消费者可能对外观十分挑剔，导致超市拒收有小瑕疵但完全可以食用的水果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a finicky eater｜挑食的人",
   "finicky about food｜对食物挑剔",
   "finicky equipment｜需要精细操作的设备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "finickiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fussy",
   "picky"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "easy-going"
  ],
  "tip": "偏口语，常带贬义；finicky about表示对……挑剔。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "finicky"
 },
 {
  "w": "flick",
  "uk": "/flɪk/",
  "us": "/flɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "轻弹；迅速拂去",
    "en": "Move or remove something with a quick, light movement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轻弹；快速轻动",
    "en": "A quick, light movement of a finger, hand, or object."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电影（非正式）",
    "en": "A film, in informal language."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He flicked a crumb off his sleeve before leaving.",
    "zh": "他离开前轻轻弹掉了袖子上的一粒面包屑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital interfaces allow readers to flick through articles quickly, but this convenience may encourage superficial reading habits.",
    "zh": "数字界面让读者能够快速浏览文章，但这种便利可能助长浅层阅读习惯。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flick through a magazine｜快速翻阅杂志",
   "flick a switch｜轻拨开关",
   "a flick of the wrist｜手腕轻轻一动",
   "a comedy flick｜一部喜剧电影"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "flick through指快速翻阅，不表示仔细阅读。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flick"
 },
 {
  "w": "literate",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪtərət/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪtərət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "能读写的；识字的",
    "en": "Able to read and write."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "通晓某领域的",
    "en": "Having practical knowledge of a particular subject or technology."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She became literate after attending evening classes for adults.",
    "zh": "参加成人夜校后，她学会了读写。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should ensure that students are digitally literate so they can evaluate online information critically.",
    "zh": "学校应确保学生具备数字素养，使他们能够批判性地评估网络信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fully literate｜具备完整读写能力的",
   "computer literate｜懂电脑操作的",
   "digitally literate｜具备数字素养的",
   "financially literate｜具备金融常识的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "literacy (n.)",
   "illiterate (adj.)",
   "illiteracy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "illiterate"
  ],
  "tip": "常用作形容词；名词 literacy 表示读写能力。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "literate"
 },
 {
  "w": "watertight",
  "uk": "/ˈwɔːtətaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːtərtaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不漏水的；防水密封的",
    "en": "Made so that water cannot enter or escape"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无懈可击的；严密的",
    "en": "Having no weaknesses that allow doubt or challenge"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This watertight box keeps my camera dry during boat trips.",
    "zh": "这个密封防水盒让我乘船出游时相机也能保持干燥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments need watertight regulations to prevent companies from avoiding responsibility for environmental damage caused by their operations.",
    "zh": "政府需要严密的法规，防止企业逃避其经营活动造成的环境损害责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a watertight container｜密封防水容器",
   "a watertight argument｜无懈可击的论证",
   "a watertight agreement｜严密的协议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "watertightness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "leaky"
  ],
  "tip": "既指不漏水，也可形容论证或协议严密。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "watertight"
 },
 {
  "w": "embryo",
  "uk": "/ˈembriəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈembrioʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胚胎；植物的胚",
    "en": "An animal or plant at a very early developmental stage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We could see the chick embryo inside the egg.",
    "zh": "我们能看到鸡蛋里的小鸡胚胎。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers study how environmental conditions affect embryo development to improve the breeding of endangered species.",
    "zh": "研究人员研究环境条件如何影响胚胎发育，以改善濒危物种的繁育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "embryo development｜胚胎发育",
   "human embryo｜人类胚胎",
   "plant embryo｜植物胚",
   "in embryo｜在萌芽阶段"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "embryonic (adj.)",
   "embryology (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "embryo是名词；形容词用embryonic。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "embryo"
 },
 {
  "w": "misrepresent",
  "uk": "/ˌmɪsreprɪˈzent/",
  "us": "/ˌmɪsreprɪˈzent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "歪曲；不实地描述",
    "en": "Describe someone or something in a false or misleading way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That photograph misrepresents the size of our tiny kitchen.",
    "zh": "那张照片让我们的小厨房显得比实际大。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advertisements can misrepresent the environmental benefits of products, making it harder for consumers to make informed decisions.",
    "zh": "广告可能歪曲产品的环保效益，使消费者更难作出明智的决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "misrepresent the facts｜歪曲事实",
   "misrepresent someone's views｜曲解某人的观点",
   "misrepresent something as｜把某事物不实地说成"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "misrepresentation (n.)",
   "represent (v.)",
   "representation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "distort"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接事实、观点或人物作宾语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "misrepresent"
 },
 {
  "w": "miser",
  "uk": "/ˈmaɪzə/",
  "us": "/ˈmaɪzər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "吝啬鬼；守财奴",
    "en": "Someone who hoards money and strongly dislikes spending it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That miser refuses to replace his broken kitchen chair.",
    "zh": "那个吝啬鬼连坏掉的厨房椅子都不肯换。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Literature often portrays the miser as someone whose attachment to wealth damages relationships and personal happiness.",
    "zh": "文学作品常把守财奴描写成因执着于财富而损害人际关系和个人幸福的人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wealthy miser｜富有的守财奴",
   "an old miser｜老吝啬鬼",
   "a notorious miser｜出了名的吝啬鬼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "miserly (adj.)",
   "miserliness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cheapskate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "含贬义，指不舍得花钱的人，不等于节俭者。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "miser"
 },
 {
  "w": "oxidize",
  "uk": "/ˈɒksɪdaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːksɪdaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使氧化；氧化",
    "en": "To react with oxygen, or lose electrons in a chemical reaction."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cut apple began to oxidize and turn brown.",
    "zh": "切开的苹果开始氧化，变成了褐色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When exposed to air and moisture, iron can oxidize, weakening structures unless protective coatings are applied.",
    "zh": "铁暴露于空气和水分中时会氧化，若不涂覆保护层，就可能削弱结构的强度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "oxidize rapidly｜迅速氧化",
   "oxidize in air｜在空气中氧化",
   "readily oxidize｜容易氧化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "oxidation (n.)",
   "oxide (n.)",
   "oxidizing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "reduce"
  ],
  "tip": "英式也拼作oxidise；氧化不一定涉及氧气。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oxidize"
 },
 {
  "w": "compute",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpjuːt/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpjuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "计算",
    "en": "To calculate an amount or result, often using a computer."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This app computes the cost of our weekly shopping.",
    "zh": "这个应用程序计算我们每周购物的费用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers compute average temperatures from satellite data to assess long-term changes in the global climate.",
    "zh": "研究人员根据卫星数据计算平均气温，以评估全球气候的长期变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "compute the cost｜计算成本",
   "compute an average｜计算平均值",
   "compute a value｜计算数值"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "computer (n.)",
   "computation (n.)",
   "computational (adj.)",
   "computing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "calculate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比calculate更正式，常用于计算机或数学语境。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "compute"
 },
 {
  "w": "rouse",
  "uk": "/raʊz/",
  "us": "/raʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "唤醒；使醒来",
    "en": "Wake someone or make them more alert."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "激起；鼓动",
    "en": "Make someone feel a strong emotion or take action."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The smell of breakfast finally roused him from sleep.",
    "zh": "早餐的香味终于把他从睡梦中唤醒了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Powerful images of polluted rivers can rouse public concern and encourage stronger support for environmental protection.",
    "zh": "受污染河流的震撼画面能激起公众关注，促使人们更大力支持环境保护。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rouse someone from sleep｜把某人从睡梦中唤醒",
   "rouse interest｜激起兴趣",
   "rouse someone to action｜激励某人行动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rousing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "awaken",
   "stir"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "soothe"
  ],
  "tip": "rouse sb from sleep表唤醒；rouse interest表激起。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rouse"
 },
 {
  "w": "subsidize",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌbsɪdaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌbsɪdaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "补贴；资助",
    "en": "Pay part of the cost of an activity or service"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My employer subsidizes lunch at the office cafeteria.",
    "zh": "我的雇主为办公室食堂的午餐提供补贴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments could subsidize public transport to make commuting more affordable and reduce urban traffic.",
    "zh": "政府可以补贴公共交通，让通勤费用更可负担，并缓解城市交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "subsidize public transport｜补贴公共交通",
   "heavily subsidized｜获得大量补贴的",
   "subsidize the cost of｜补贴……的费用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "subsidy (n.)",
   "subsidization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "support",
   "fund"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也写作subsidise；补贴通常只承担部分费用。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "subsidize"
 },
 {
  "w": "obligate",
  "uk": "/ˈɒblɪɡeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːbləɡeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使负有义务；迫使",
    "en": "To require someone to do something legally or morally."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "专性的；必须依赖的",
    "en": "Needing particular conditions or resources to survive."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Does this agreement obligate me to pay every month?",
    "zh": "这份协议是否规定我必须每月付款？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental regulations obligate manufacturers to dispose of hazardous waste safely rather than transfer responsibility to local communities.",
    "zh": "环境法规要求制造商安全处置危险废物，而不是将责任转嫁给当地社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "obligate someone to do something｜使某人有义务做某事",
   "legally obligated｜负有法律义务的",
   "obligate parasite｜专性寄生生物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "obligation (n.)",
   "obligatory (adj.)",
   "obligated (adj.)",
   "oblige (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bind",
   "compel"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词用于生物学，末尾读/ɡət/；有义务用obligated。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obligate"
 },
 {
  "w": "chronic",
  "uk": "/ˈkrɒnɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈkrɑːnɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "慢性的",
    "en": "Continuing for a long time, especially a medical condition"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "长期存在的；反复发生的",
    "en": "Persisting or recurring over a long period"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Gentle swimming helps her manage her chronic back pain.",
    "zh": "舒缓的游泳运动有助于她控制慢性背痛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Chronic staff shortages can reduce the quality of healthcare and increase pressure on existing medical workers.",
    "zh": "长期人员短缺会降低医疗服务质量，并增加现有医护人员的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chronic disease｜慢性疾病",
   "chronic pain｜慢性疼痛",
   "chronic shortage｜长期短缺"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chronically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "persistent",
   "long-standing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "acute"
  ],
  "tip": "疾病语境中chronic指慢性，acute指急性。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chronic"
 },
 {
  "w": "secluded",
  "uk": "/sɪˈkluːdɪd/",
  "us": "/sɪˈkluːdɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "僻静的；隐蔽的",
    "en": "private and quiet, away from people and busy places"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a secluded beach behind the cliffs.",
    "zh": "我们在悬崖后面找到了一片僻静的海滩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although secluded rural homes offer privacy, their residents may struggle to access healthcare and public transport.",
    "zh": "虽然偏远的乡村住宅能提供私密空间，但居民可能难以获得医疗服务和使用公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "secluded beach｜僻静的海滩",
   "secluded spot｜隐蔽的地点",
   "secluded garden｜幽静的花园"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "seclude (v.)",
   "seclusion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "isolated",
   "hidden",
   "private"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "exposed"
  ],
  "tip": "多形容地点僻静隐蔽，不等于人的性格内向。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "secluded"
 },
 {
  "w": "dissatisfy",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈsætɪsfaɪ/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈsætɪsfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使不满意",
    "en": "To leave someone feeling that something is not good enough."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The small portions and slow service dissatisfied several guests.",
    "zh": "分量少、上菜慢，让几位客人感到不满意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport services that repeatedly fail to meet basic standards are likely to dissatisfy regular commuters.",
    "zh": "公共交通服务若屡次达不到基本标准，很可能使日常通勤者感到不满。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dissatisfy customers｜使顾客不满",
   "dissatisfy users｜使用户不满"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dissatisfied (adj.)",
   "dissatisfaction (n.)",
   "satisfy (v.)",
   "satisfactory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "displease"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "satisfy",
   "please"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词；日常更常用be dissatisfied with。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dissatisfy"
 },
 {
  "w": "deduction",
  "uk": "/dɪˈdʌkʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˈdʌkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推断；演绎",
    "en": "A conclusion reached through reasoning, or the reasoning process itself."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "扣除；扣除额",
    "en": "An amount taken away from a total, or its removal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her deduction was simple: muddy shoes meant someone had visited.",
    "zh": "她的推断很简单：鞋子上有泥，说明有人来过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees should check each deduction from their salary to ensure that their final payment is accurate.",
    "zh": "员工应核查工资中的每项扣款，确保最终实发金额准确。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "logical deduction｜逻辑推断",
   "tax deduction｜税款扣除",
   "deduction from pay｜工资扣款"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deduce (v.)",
   "deduct (v.)",
   "deductive (adj.)",
   "deductible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "推断对应动词deduce；扣除对应动词deduct。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deduction"
 },
 {
  "w": "equilibrium",
  "uk": "/ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbriəm/",
  "us": "/ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbriəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "平衡；均衡状态",
    "en": "A stable state in which opposing forces or influences balance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "心情平静；心理平衡",
    "en": "A calm and emotionally stable state."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hanging mobile regained equilibrium when I moved one ornament.",
    "zh": "我移动了一个饰物后，悬挂的装饰架恢复了平衡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Removing a major predator can disturb the equilibrium of an ecosystem and cause unexpected changes in animal populations.",
    "zh": "移除主要捕食者可能破坏生态系统的平衡，并导致动物种群出现意想不到的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "maintain equilibrium｜维持平衡",
   "restore equilibrium｜恢复平衡",
   "market equilibrium｜市场均衡",
   "dynamic equilibrium｜动态平衡"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "balance"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "imbalance",
   "disequilibrium"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；常用于经济、生态或物理中的平衡。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "equilibrium"
 },
 {
  "w": "monumental",
  "uk": "/ˌmɒnjʊˈmentəl/",
  "us": "/ˌmɑːnjəˈmentəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巨大的；极其重要的",
    "en": "Extremely large, impressive, or important."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "纪念碑的；纪念性的",
    "en": "Relating to monuments or serving as a lasting memorial."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Moving all these boxes will be a monumental task.",
    "zh": "搬走所有这些箱子将是一项艰巨的任务。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing outdated urban infrastructure requires monumental effort and sustained investment from both governments and private businesses.",
    "zh": "更新陈旧的城市基础设施需要政府和私营企业付出巨大努力并持续投资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "monumental task｜艰巨的任务",
   "monumental achievement｜非凡的成就",
   "monumental architecture｜纪念性建筑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "monument (n.)",
   "monumentally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enormous",
   "immense"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "insignificant"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰task、effort，强调规模或难度极大。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "monumental"
 },
 {
  "w": "ply",
  "uk": "/plaɪ/",
  "us": "/plaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "定期往返于",
    "en": "To travel regularly along a route, especially by boat"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "从事；熟练使用",
    "en": "To practise a trade or use a tool steadily"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一层；一股",
    "en": "A single layer of material or strand of twisted yarn"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Small ferries ply between the island and the mainland.",
    "zh": "小型渡船定期往返于岛屿与大陆之间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Buses that ply rural routes provide essential access to healthcare and education for isolated communities.",
    "zh": "在乡村线路上往返的公交车，为偏远社区获得医疗和教育服务提供了重要保障。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ply a route｜定期沿线路往返",
   "ply one's trade｜从事本行工作",
   "ply someone with questions｜不断向某人提问",
   "three-ply wood｜三合板"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plywood (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ply someone with sth指不断向某人提供某物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ply"
 },
 {
  "w": "fidelity",
  "uk": "/fɪˈdeləti/",
  "us": "/fɪˈdeləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "忠诚；忠实",
    "en": "continued loyalty to a person, belief, or duty"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "准确性；保真度",
    "en": "the accuracy with which something reproduces an original"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The couple promised lifelong fidelity during their wedding.",
    "zh": "这对伴侣在婚礼上许诺终身忠于彼此。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital archives must maintain the fidelity of original recordings so that researchers can study them accurately.",
    "zh": "数字档案必须保持原始录音的保真度，以便研究人员准确地开展研究。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fidelity to principles｜忠于原则",
   "marital fidelity｜婚姻中的忠诚",
   "high fidelity｜高保真",
   "fidelity to the original｜忠实于原作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "infidelity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "loyalty",
   "faithfulness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "infidelity"
  ],
  "tip": "忠于某人或原则用fidelity to；通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fidelity"
 },
 {
  "w": "curt",
  "uk": "/kɜːt/",
  "us": "/kɝːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "简短而失礼的；生硬的",
    "en": "Using very few words in a way that seems rude."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His curt reply made me hesitate to ask again.",
    "zh": "他生硬的回答让我犹豫着不敢再问。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Curt responses from public service staff may discourage residents from seeking information about essential community support.",
    "zh": "公共服务人员生硬的回应可能使居民不愿咨询必要的社区援助信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a curt reply｜生硬简短的回答",
   "a curt nod｜冷淡的点头",
   "a curt tone｜生硬的语气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "curtly (adv.)",
   "curtness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "abrupt",
   "brusque"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "courteous"
  ],
  "tip": "不仅指简短，还带不礼貌之意；brief通常中性。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "curt"
 },
 {
  "w": "cock",
  "uk": "/kɒk/",
  "us": "/kɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公鸡；雄鸟",
    "en": "An adult male chicken or another male bird."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "翘起；歪斜",
    "en": "To raise or tilt a body part, especially the head."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A red cock crowed loudly beside the wooden gate.",
    "zh": "一只红色公鸡在木门旁大声啼叫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Keeping a cock alongside hens allows small farms to breed chickens without purchasing new birds.",
    "zh": "小型农场把公鸡和母鸡一起饲养，就能自行繁育鸡，而不必购买新鸡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cock crows｜公鸡啼叫",
   "cock your head｜歪着头",
   "cock an eyebrow｜挑起眉毛"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "rooster"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指公鸡可用rooster；cock另有粗俗的性含义。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "另有粗俗的男性生殖器义，使用时注意语境。",
  "id": "cock"
 },
 {
  "w": "repertoire",
  "uk": "/ˈrepətwɑː/",
  "us": "/ˈrepɚtwɑːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "全部演出曲目或剧目",
    "en": "All the pieces a performer or group is prepared to perform."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "全部技能；方法储备",
    "en": "The range of skills or methods someone can use."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The singer added three new songs to her repertoire.",
    "zh": "那位歌手在自己的演唱曲目中加入了三首新歌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers need a broad repertoire of strategies to meet the needs of students with different learning preferences.",
    "zh": "教师需要掌握丰富的教学策略，以满足学习偏好不同的学生的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "expand your repertoire｜扩充曲目或技能储备",
   "a wide repertoire｜丰富的曲目储备",
   "a repertoire of skills｜一整套技能"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不只指演出曲目，也可指某人掌握的全部技能。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "repertoire"
 },
 {
  "w": "deflection",
  "uk": "/dɪˈflekʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˈflekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "偏转；转向",
    "en": "A change in direction caused by contact or another force"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "转移注意力；回避",
    "en": "The act of directing attention or criticism away from something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A slight deflection sent the ball past the goalkeeper.",
    "zh": "球稍稍变向，便从守门员身旁飞了过去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers measure the deflection of structural beams to assess whether a bridge can safely support heavy traffic.",
    "zh": "工程师测量结构梁的挠度，以评估桥梁能否安全承受繁重交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deflection of light｜光的偏转",
   "beam deflection｜梁的挠曲",
   "deflection of criticism｜转移批评"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deflect (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deviation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调受力后改变方向；工程中也指构件挠曲。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deflection"
 },
 {
  "w": "blunder",
  "uk": "/ˈblʌndə/",
  "us": "/ˈblʌndər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "愚蠢的大错",
    "en": "A serious mistake caused by carelessness or poor judgment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "犯大错",
    "en": "To make a serious or careless mistake."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "跌跌撞撞地走；乱闯",
    "en": "To move clumsily or without knowing where you are going."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I made a blunder and booked the wrong date.",
    "zh": "我犯了个大错，把日期订错了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A major planning blunder can leave communities without adequate transport links for many years.",
    "zh": "重大的规划失误可能使社区多年缺乏完善的交通连接。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a blunder｜犯大错",
   "major blunder｜重大失误",
   "blunder into｜误闯入",
   "blunder through｜跌跌撞撞地穿过"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blundering (adj.)",
   "blunderer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mistake",
   "error"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比mistake语气更重，强调因粗心或判断差犯错。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blunder"
 },
 {
  "w": "devaluation",
  "uk": "/ˌdiːvæljuˈeɪʃn/",
  "us": "/ˌdiːvæljuˈeɪʃn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "货币贬值",
    "en": "An official reduction in a currency's value relative to other currencies."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "价值降低；贬低",
    "en": "A reduction in the worth or importance given to something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After the devaluation, imported coffee became much more expensive.",
    "zh": "货币贬值后，进口咖啡贵了许多。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Currency devaluation can make exports more competitive, but it also raises the cost of imported goods.",
    "zh": "货币贬值可以提高出口竞争力，但也会增加进口商品的成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "currency devaluation｜货币贬值",
   "sharp devaluation｜大幅贬值",
   "devaluation of care work｜对照护工作的贬低"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "devalue (v.)",
   "value (n.)",
   "revaluation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "revaluation"
  ],
  "tip": "经济学中常指官方下调汇率；市场贬值多用depreciation。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "devaluation"
 },
 {
  "w": "oscillate",
  "uk": "/ˈɒsɪleɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːsɪleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "摆动；振荡",
    "en": "To move repeatedly backwards and forwards."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "摇摆不定；波动",
    "en": "To keep changing between different feelings, opinions, or levels."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The fan oscillates slowly, cooling both sides of the room.",
    "zh": "风扇缓缓来回转动，给房间两侧都送去凉风。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public opinion can oscillate between support and opposition as new information about environmental policies emerges.",
    "zh": "随着有关环境政策的新信息出现，公众意见可能在支持与反对之间摇摆。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "oscillate between extremes｜在极端之间摇摆",
   "oscillate rapidly｜快速振荡",
   "oscillating fan｜摇头风扇"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "oscillation (n.)",
   "oscillator (n.)",
   "oscillatory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "swing",
   "fluctuate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示在两者间摇摆，用oscillate between A and B。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oscillate"
 },
 {
  "w": "integral",
  "uk": "/ˈɪntɪɡrəl/",
  "us": "/ˈɪntɪɡrəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不可或缺的",
    "en": "Necessary for something to be complete or work properly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "内置的；一体的",
    "en": "Built into something rather than added separately."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "积分",
    "en": "A mathematical quantity calculated by integration."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Music is an integral part of our family celebrations.",
    "zh": "音乐是我们家庭庆祝活动中不可或缺的一部分。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable public transport is integral to sustainable urban development because it reduces dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "可靠的公共交通对城市可持续发展至关重要，因为它能减少对私家车的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an integral part of｜……不可或缺的一部分",
   "integral to success｜成功所必需的",
   "an integral component｜不可缺少的组成部分"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "integrate (v.)",
   "integration (n.)",
   "integrated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "essential",
   "indispensable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inessential"
  ],
  "tip": "常用an integral part of或be integral to。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "integral"
 },
 {
  "w": "contemplate",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒntəmpleɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːntəmpleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "认真考虑；深思",
    "en": "to think carefully about something for a long time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "考虑做；打算",
    "en": "to consider doing something in the future"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "凝视；端详",
    "en": "to look at something quietly and thoughtfully"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sat beside the lake, contemplating her next move.",
    "zh": "她坐在湖边，认真考虑下一步该怎么办。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before expanding public transport, planners should contemplate how proposed routes will affect existing communities.",
    "zh": "在扩展公共交通之前，规划者应仔细考虑拟议线路会如何影响现有社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contemplate doing something｜考虑做某事",
   "contemplate the future｜思考未来",
   "contemplate a change｜考虑作出改变"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contemplation (n.)",
   "contemplative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "consider",
   "ponder"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "后接名词或动名词，不接to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contemplate"
 },
 {
  "w": "baffle",
  "uk": "/ˈbæfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈbæfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使困惑；难倒",
    "en": "To make someone unable to understand or explain something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "挡板；隔板",
    "en": "A barrier controlling the flow of sound, light, or fluid"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This puzzle baffled me, so I asked for help.",
    "zh": "这道谜题难倒了我，于是我向别人求助。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unexpected changes in animal migration continue to baffle scientists despite improvements in tracking technology and data collection.",
    "zh": "尽管追踪技术和数据收集有所改进，动物迁徙中出乎意料的变化仍让科学家困惑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "baffle scientists｜令科学家困惑",
   "completely baffled｜完全摸不着头脑",
   "a baffling mystery｜令人费解的谜团",
   "a baffle plate｜挡板"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "baffled (adj.)",
   "baffling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "puzzle",
   "perplex"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "enlighten"
  ],
  "tip": "比confuse更强调完全不理解；常用be baffled by。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "baffle"
 },
 {
  "w": "longing",
  "uk": "/ˈlɒŋɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈlɔːŋɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "渴望；思念",
    "en": "A strong desire for someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "流露渴望的",
    "en": "Showing a strong desire for someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She felt a sudden longing for her childhood home.",
    "zh": "她突然十分想念儿时的家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For many migrants, longing for familiar surroundings can make adaptation to a new culture more difficult.",
    "zh": "对许多移民而言，对熟悉环境的思念会增加适应新文化的难度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a longing for home｜对家的思念",
   "a deep longing｜强烈的渴望",
   "a longing look｜渴望的目光"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "long (v.)",
   "longingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "yearning",
   "desire"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词常接for；表示渴望做某事可接to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "longing"
 },
 {
  "w": "mobilize",
  "uk": "/ˈməʊbəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈmoʊbəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "动员；调动",
    "en": "To organize people or resources for a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "动员军队；备战",
    "en": "To prepare troops for military action"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours mobilized volunteers to clean the local beach.",
    "zh": "邻居们动员志愿者清理了当地的海滩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must mobilize financial resources and trained staff quickly when natural disasters threaten vulnerable communities.",
    "zh": "当自然灾害威胁到脆弱社区时，政府必须迅速调动资金和受过培训的人员。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mobilize resources｜调动资源",
   "mobilize support｜动员支持力量",
   "mobilize volunteers｜动员志愿者",
   "mobilize troops｜动员军队"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mobilization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rally",
   "organize"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "demobilize"
  ],
  "tip": "英式也拼作mobilise；常接资源、支持者或军队。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mobilize"
 },
 {
  "w": "snag",
  "uk": "/snæɡ/",
  "us": "/snæɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意外障碍；小麻烦",
    "en": "An unexpected difficulty that delays or prevents progress."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "钩住；钩破",
    "en": "To catch or tear something on a sharp or rough object."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sweater snagged on a nail by the door.",
    "zh": "我的毛衣被门边的一颗钉子钩住了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The housing project hit a snag when engineers discovered unstable ground beneath the proposed site.",
    "zh": "工程师发现拟建地块下方的地基不稳，住房项目因此遇到了障碍。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hit a snag｜遇到障碍",
   "a minor snag｜一个小麻烦",
   "snag on a nail｜被钉子钩住"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "obstacle",
   "hitch"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hit a snag指遇到障碍；动词常接on表示被钩住。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "snag"
 },
 {
  "w": "superiority",
  "uk": "/suːˌpɪəriˈɒrəti/",
  "us": "/suːˌpɪriˈɔːrəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "优越性；优势",
    "en": "The state of being better or stronger than something else."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "优越感；高傲",
    "en": "An attitude of believing yourself better than other people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The newer camera showed its superiority in low light.",
    "zh": "这台较新的相机在弱光下展现了优势。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The technological superiority of larger firms can make it difficult for small businesses to compete effectively.",
    "zh": "大公司的技术优势可能使小企业难以有效参与竞争。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "technological superiority｜技术优势",
   "superiority over｜相对于……的优势",
   "a sense of superiority｜优越感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "superior (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "inferiority"
  ],
  "tip": "表示相对优势用superiority over，不用than。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "superiority"
 },
 {
  "w": "oath",
  "uk": "/əʊθ/",
  "us": "/oʊθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "誓言；宣誓",
    "en": "A formal promise to tell the truth or fulfil a duty."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The witness took an oath before answering any questions.",
    "zh": "证人在回答任何问题之前先宣了誓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public officials who swear an oath to serve society should remain accountable for their decisions and conduct.",
    "zh": "宣誓为社会服务的公职人员应对自己的决策和行为负责。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take an oath｜宣誓",
   "swear an oath｜立誓",
   "under oath｜在宣誓约束下",
   "break an oath｜违背誓言"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "vow",
   "pledge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "under oath指已宣誓说真话，常用于法庭语境。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oath"
 },
 {
  "w": "drop-off",
  "uk": "/ˈdrɒp ɒf/",
  "us": "/ˈdrɑːp ɔːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "下降；减少",
    "en": "A decrease in an amount, level, or activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "送达；下客",
    "en": "The act of leaving someone or something at a place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陡降处；断崖",
    "en": "A place where the ground suddenly becomes much lower."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The café noticed a drop-off in customers after summer.",
    "zh": "夏天过后，这家咖啡馆发现顾客减少了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A sharp drop-off in bus use may indicate that services no longer meet residents' needs.",
    "zh": "公交使用量大幅下降可能表明，公交服务已无法满足居民需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sharp drop-off｜急剧下降",
   "a drop-off in demand｜需求下降",
   "drop-off point｜下客点"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drop (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "decline",
   "decrease"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "increase"
  ],
  "tip": "名词带连字符；动词短语写作drop off。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drop-off"
 },
 {
  "w": "rosy",
  "uk": "/ˈrəʊzi/",
  "us": "/ˈroʊzi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "玫瑰红的；红润的",
    "en": "pink or reddish, especially in a healthy-looking way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "乐观的；前景美好的",
    "en": "giving hope of success or happiness, sometimes unrealistically"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her cheeks were rosy after walking in the cold.",
    "zh": "在寒冷的天气里走了一阵后，她的脸颊红扑扑的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although official forecasts paint a rosy picture, rising energy costs could slow the country's economic recovery.",
    "zh": "尽管官方预测描绘了乐观的前景，能源成本上涨仍可能拖慢该国的经济复苏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rosy cheeks｜红润的脸颊",
   "a rosy future｜美好的未来",
   "paint a rosy picture｜描绘乐观的景象"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rosiness (n.)",
   "rose (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pink",
   "optimistic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "pale",
   "bleak"
  ],
  "tip": "paint a rosy picture 指描绘乐观景象，有时暗含过度美化。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rosy"
 },
 {
  "w": "ridicule",
  "uk": "/ˈrɪdɪkjuːl/",
  "us": "/ˈrɪdɪkjuːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "嘲笑；奚落",
    "en": "Unkind laughter or comments that make someone seem foolish."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "嘲弄；奚落",
    "en": "To laugh at someone or something in an unkind way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His unusual hat attracted ridicule from a few classmates.",
    "zh": "他那顶不寻常的帽子引来了几个同学的嘲笑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students may avoid asking important questions if they fear ridicule from their teachers or classmates.",
    "zh": "如果学生害怕遭到老师或同学嘲笑，他们可能会避免提出重要问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public ridicule｜公开嘲笑",
   "face ridicule｜遭受嘲笑",
   "subject someone to ridicule｜使某人遭到嘲笑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ridiculous (adj.)",
   "ridiculously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mockery",
   "mock"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词时及物，直接接宾语，不加at。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ridicule"
 },
 {
  "w": "dimensional",
  "uk": "/daɪˈmenʃənəl/",
  "us": "/daɪˈmenʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "尺寸的；维度的",
    "en": "relating to measurements or dimensions of space"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The carpenter checked the dimensional accuracy of each shelf.",
    "zh": "木匠检查了每块搁板的尺寸是否准确。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Dimensional accuracy is essential when manufacturing components that must fit together safely in complex machines.",
    "zh": "制造必须在复杂机器中安全组装的零部件时，尺寸精度至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dimensional accuracy｜尺寸精度",
   "dimensional stability｜尺寸稳定性",
   "three-dimensional model｜三维模型"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dimension (n.)",
   "dimensionally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常见于复合词three-dimensional，意为三维的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dimensional"
 },
 {
  "w": "depreciation",
  "uk": "/dɪˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "折旧；价值下降",
    "en": "A reduction in an asset's value over time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "货币贬值",
    "en": "A fall in a currency's value relative to other currencies."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Depreciation means our car is worth less each year.",
    "zh": "折旧意味着我们的汽车每年都在贬值。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid currency depreciation can increase import costs, placing additional pressure on businesses that depend on foreign supplies.",
    "zh": "货币快速贬值可能推高进口成本，给依赖国外供应的企业带来额外压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "annual depreciation｜年度折旧",
   "currency depreciation｜货币贬值",
   "depreciation rate｜折旧率",
   "allow for depreciation｜考虑折旧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "depreciate (v.)",
   "depreciable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "appreciation"
  ],
  "tip": "资产折旧、货币贬值均可用；反义词为appreciation。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "depreciation"
 },
 {
  "w": "climactic",
  "uk": "/klaɪˈmæktɪk/",
  "us": "/klaɪˈmæktɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "高潮的；达到顶点的",
    "en": "Forming the most exciting or important part of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone held their breath during the film's climactic scene.",
    "zh": "电影演到高潮时，所有人都屏住了呼吸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The novel's climactic confrontation reveals how social expectations can shape personal decisions and family relationships.",
    "zh": "小说中达到高潮的冲突揭示了社会期望如何影响个人决定和家庭关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "climactic scene｜高潮场景",
   "climactic moment｜高潮时刻",
   "climactic ending｜高潮式结局"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "climax (n.)",
   "climax (v.)",
   "anticlimactic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "anticlimactic"
  ],
  "tip": "勿与climatic（气候的）混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "climactic"
 },
 {
  "w": "bona fide",
  "uk": "/ˌbəʊnə ˈfaɪdi/",
  "us": "/ˌboʊnə ˈfaɪdi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "真正的；真实可信的",
    "en": "Real or genuine, rather than false or pretended."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "善意的；真诚的",
    "en": "Made or done honestly, without intending to deceive."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An expert confirmed that the painting was bona fide.",
    "zh": "一位专家确认这幅画是真迹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should ensure that financial support reaches bona fide students who genuinely need assistance.",
    "zh": "大学应确保经济资助发放给确有学生身份且真正需要帮助的人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bona fide student｜具有真实身份的学生",
   "a bona fide offer｜真诚的提议",
   "a bona fide organisation｜真实合法的机构"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "genuine",
   "authentic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fake",
   "fraudulent"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式，常置于名词前，强调真实或善意。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bona-fide"
 },
 {
  "w": "assassination",
  "uk": "/əˌsæsɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/əˌsæsɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "暗杀；行刺",
    "en": "the deliberate murder of an important person, often for political reasons"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum guide explained how the assassination changed history.",
    "zh": "博物馆讲解员解释了那次暗杀如何改变了历史。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The assassination of a political leader can trigger widespread instability and undermine public confidence in government.",
    "zh": "政治领导人遭暗杀可能引发广泛动荡，并削弱公众对政府的信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "political assassination｜政治暗杀",
   "assassination attempt｜暗杀企图",
   "assassination plot｜暗杀阴谋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assassinate (v.)",
   "assassin (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指针对重要人物、带政治目的的谋杀。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assassination"
 },
 {
  "w": "gloom",
  "uk": "/ɡluːm/",
  "us": "/ɡluːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "昏暗；幽暗",
    "en": "Darkness or weak light that makes things difficult to see"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "忧郁；悲观气氛",
    "en": "A feeling of sadness or lack of hope"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiny candle flickered in the gloom of the cellar.",
    "zh": "地窖一片昏暗，一支小蜡烛闪烁着微光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Despite widespread economic gloom, investment in renewable energy continues to create opportunities for skilled workers.",
    "zh": "尽管经济前景普遍令人悲观，可再生能源投资仍不断为技术工人创造机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the gloom｜在昏暗中",
   "economic gloom｜经济低迷的悲观气氛",
   "a sense of gloom｜悲观感",
   "doom and gloom｜悲观绝望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gloomy (adj.)",
   "gloomily (adv.)",
   "gloominess (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dimness",
   "despondency"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "brightness",
   "cheerfulness"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指光线昏暗，也可指心情或前景黯淡。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gloom"
 },
 {
  "w": "sewer",
  "uk": "/ˈsuːə/",
  "us": "/ˈsuːər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "下水道；污水管道",
    "en": "An underground pipe that carries away sewage and wastewater"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Workers cleared the blocked sewer beneath our street.",
    "zh": "工人疏通了我们街道下面堵塞的下水道。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in modern sewer systems can reduce water pollution and improve public health in rapidly growing cities.",
    "zh": "投资建设现代污水管网可以减少水污染，改善快速发展城市的公共卫生状况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sewer system｜污水管网",
   "blocked sewer｜堵塞的下水道",
   "sewer pipe｜污水管"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sewerage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sewer是管道，sewage是污水，sewerage指排污系统。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sewer"
 },
 {
  "w": "displeasure",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈpleʒə/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈpleʒər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不悦；不满",
    "en": "a feeling of annoyance or dissatisfaction"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His frown showed his displeasure at the long delay.",
    "zh": "他皱起眉头，显出对长时间延误的不满。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents expressed their displeasure at the council's decision to reduce funding for local libraries.",
    "zh": "居民对地方议会削减当地图书馆经费的决定表示不满。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "express displeasure｜表达不满",
   "show displeasure｜流露不悦",
   "displeasure at something｜对某事的不满"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "displease (v.)",
   "displeased (adj.)",
   "pleasure (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dissatisfaction",
   "annoyance"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "pleasure",
   "satisfaction"
  ],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词，较正式；常接at或with。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "displeasure"
 },
 {
  "w": "financier",
  "uk": "/faɪˈnænsiə/",
  "us": "/ˌfɪnənˈsɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金融家；融资者",
    "en": "Someone who manages or provides large amounts of investment money"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A local financier helped fund the new theatre.",
    "zh": "一位当地金融家为新剧院提供了资金支持。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Financiers can accelerate the transition to clean energy by directing investment towards innovative renewable technologies.",
    "zh": "金融家可以将投资引向创新的可再生能源技术，从而加快向清洁能源转型。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "international financier｜国际金融家",
   "wealthy financier｜富有的金融家",
   "leading financier｜主要金融家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "finance (n.)",
   "finance (v.)",
   "financial (adj.)",
   "financially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指提供或管理大笔资金的人，不等于普通银行职员。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "financier"
 },
 {
  "w": "contaminate",
  "uk": "/kənˈtæmɪneɪt/",
  "us": "/kənˈtæmɪneɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "污染；使受污染",
    "en": "make something dirty or unsafe by adding harmful substances"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dirty hands can contaminate food while you cook.",
    "zh": "做饭时，不干净的手可能会污染食物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Industrial chemicals can contaminate groundwater, threatening both agricultural production and the health of nearby communities.",
    "zh": "工业化学品可能污染地下水，威胁农业生产及附近社区居民的健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contaminate drinking water｜污染饮用水",
   "contaminated food｜受污染的食物",
   "contaminated with chemicals｜受到化学品污染"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contamination (n.)",
   "contaminant (n.)",
   "contaminated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pollute"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "purify"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be contaminated with表示被某物污染。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contaminate"
 },
 {
  "w": "envision",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvɪʒən/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvɪʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "想象；展望",
    "en": "to imagine a future situation or possibility"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I envision a small garden behind our new house.",
    "zh": "我想象着新家后面有一座小花园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planners envision a future in which most residents can reach essential services on foot.",
    "zh": "城市规划者展望这样的未来：大多数居民步行即可享用基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "envision a future｜展望未来",
   "envision doing something｜设想做某事",
   "envision a world｜设想一个世界"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "envisage",
   "imagine",
   "foresee"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "后接名词或动名词，不接to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "envision"
 },
 {
  "w": "foretell",
  "uk": "/fɔːˈtel/",
  "us": "/fɔːrˈtel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "预言；预示",
    "en": "to say or indicate what will happen in the future"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Nobody could foretell how quickly the village would change.",
    "zh": "没人能预料到这个村庄会变化得如此迅速。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although historical patterns offer useful insights, they cannot reliably foretell the outcomes of future economic policies.",
    "zh": "尽管历史规律能提供有益启示，却无法可靠地预测未来经济政策的结果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "foretell the future｜预言未来",
   "foretell disaster｜预示灾难"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "predict",
   "prophesy"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为foretold；比predict更文学化。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "foretell"
 },
 {
  "w": "testify",
  "uk": "/ˈtestɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈtestɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "作证；提供证词",
    "en": "To give evidence in court about what you know"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "证明；表明",
    "en": "To provide evidence that something is true or exists"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She agreed to testify about the accident she witnessed.",
    "zh": "她同意就自己目睹的事故作证。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents were invited to testify in court about the effects of industrial pollution on their health.",
    "zh": "居民受邀出庭，就工业污染对其健康的影响作证。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "testify in court｜出庭作证",
   "testify against someone｜作出不利于某人的证词",
   "testify to something｜证明某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "testimony (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "attest"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "testify that接从句；testify to接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "testify"
 },
 {
  "w": "proofreading",
  "uk": "/ˈpruːfriːdɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈpruːfriːdɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "校对",
    "en": "checking written material for errors before its final version"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "校对（现在分词）",
    "en": "checking written material and correcting errors"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I am proofreading my sister's essay at the kitchen table.",
    "zh": "我正在餐桌旁校对姐姐的作文。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Careful proofreading helps students remove spelling errors and present their research more professionally.",
    "zh": "仔细校对能帮助学生消除拼写错误，更专业地呈现研究成果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "careful proofreading｜仔细校对",
   "proofreading skills｜校对技能",
   "proofreading software｜校对软件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "proofread (v.)",
   "proofreader (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "校对侧重拼写、标点等错误，不等于重写。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "proofreading"
 },
 {
  "w": "communicative",
  "uk": "/kəˈmjuːnɪkətɪv/",
  "us": "/kəˈmjuːnɪkətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "健谈的；乐于交流的",
    "en": "Willing to talk and share thoughts or information."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "交际的；交流的",
    "en": "Relating to sharing information or expressing meaning."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother becomes more communicative during our evening walks.",
    "zh": "晚间一起散步时，我哥哥变得更愿意聊天了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Communicative activities in language classrooms help learners develop confidence and use new vocabulary in meaningful contexts.",
    "zh": "语言课堂中的交际活动帮助学习者建立信心，并在有意义的语境中运用新词汇。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "communicative skills｜交际技能",
   "communicative competence｜交际能力",
   "communicative approach｜交际教学法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "communicate (v.)",
   "communication (n.)",
   "uncommunicative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "talkative"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uncommunicative"
  ],
  "tip": "形容人时指乐于交流；形容教学时指重视交际。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "communicative"
 },
 {
  "w": "null",
  "uk": "/nʌl/",
  "us": "/nʌl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无效的；无法律效力的",
    "en": "Having no legal force or effect."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "零值的；空值的",
    "en": "Having a zero value or representing no stored value."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The court declared their rental agreement null and void.",
    "zh": "法院宣布他们的租赁协议无效。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A contract may be declared null if one party was forced to accept its terms.",
    "zh": "如果一方被迫接受合同条款，该合同可能被宣布无效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "null and void｜无效的",
   "null value｜空值",
   "null hypothesis｜零假设；原假设"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nullify (v.)",
   "nullification (n.)",
   "nullity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "invalid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "valid"
  ],
  "tip": "法律中常用null and void；编程空值不一定等于零。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "null"
 },
 {
  "w": "lawful",
  "uk": "/ˈlɔːfl/",
  "us": "/ˈlɔːfl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "合法的；法律允许的",
    "en": "allowed or recognised by law"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lost bicycle was returned to its lawful owner.",
    "zh": "丢失的自行车已归还给其合法所有者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should ensure that personal information is collected only for lawful purposes and protected against misuse.",
    "zh": "政府应确保个人信息仅用于合法目的的收集，并防止其遭到滥用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lawful owner｜合法所有者",
   "lawful authority｜合法权限",
   "lawful means｜合法手段",
   "lawful purpose｜合法目的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "law (n.)",
   "lawfully (adv.)",
   "unlawful (adj.)",
   "lawfulness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "legal",
   "legitimate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unlawful",
   "illegal"
  ],
  "tip": "lawful指法律允许；legal还可表示“与法律有关的”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lawful"
 },
 {
  "w": "snobbish",
  "uk": "/ˈsnɒbɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈsnɑːbɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "势利的；自命高雅的",
    "en": "Treating others as inferior because of status, wealth, or taste."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her snobbish neighbour refused to visit our small flat.",
    "zh": "她那势利的邻居不肯来我们的小公寓做客。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Snobbish attitudes towards vocational training can discourage young people from pursuing valuable practical careers.",
    "zh": "对职业培训的轻视态度可能使年轻人不愿从事有价值的技能型职业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a snobbish attitude｜势利的态度",
   "snobbish about clothes｜在衣着上自命高人一等",
   "snobbish behaviour｜势利的行为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "snob (n.)",
   "snobbery (n.)",
   "snobbishly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "supercilious",
   "elitist"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unpretentious"
  ],
  "tip": "重在因身份或品味而看低别人，不一定谄媚。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "snobbish"
 },
 {
  "w": "endeavor",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdevə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdevər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "努力；尽力",
    "en": "To try hard to achieve something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "努力；尝试",
    "en": "A serious effort to achieve a goal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We endeavor to answer every message before dinner.",
    "zh": "我们尽力在晚饭前回复每一条消息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should endeavor to make higher education accessible to students from a wider range of backgrounds.",
    "zh": "大学应努力让更多不同背景的学生有机会接受高等教育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "endeavor to do something｜努力做某事",
   "a joint endeavor｜共同努力",
   "scientific endeavor｜科学探索"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "strive",
   "attempt"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式拼写；英式为endeavour，动词常接to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "endeavor"
 },
 {
  "w": "solitary",
  "uk": "/ˈsɒlətri/",
  "us": "/ˈsɑːləteri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "独处的；独居的",
    "en": "Alone, or preferring to live or spend time alone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "单个的；唯一的",
    "en": "Being the only person or thing present."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A solitary walker followed the quiet path through the woods.",
    "zh": "一位独行者沿着林间幽静的小路前行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "While solitary study allows deep concentration, collaborative learning helps students develop communication skills and consider alternative perspectives.",
    "zh": "独自学习有助于专注，而合作学习能帮助学生培养沟通能力并考虑不同观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a solitary life｜独居生活",
   "a solitary figure｜孤身一人",
   "solitary activities｜独自进行的活动",
   "a solitary tree｜孤零零的一棵树"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "solitude (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "alone",
   "lone"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sociable"
  ],
  "tip": "solitary强调独自，不一定像lonely那样感到寂寞。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "solitary"
 },
 {
  "w": "ample",
  "uk": "/ˈæmpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈæmpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "充足的；充裕的",
    "en": "Enough or more than enough for a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "宽敞的；宽大的",
    "en": "Large enough to provide plenty of room"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We have ample time for breakfast before the train leaves.",
    "zh": "火车出发前，我们有充足的时间吃早餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing ample green space in residential areas can improve public health and encourage more active lifestyles.",
    "zh": "在住宅区提供充足的绿地能够改善公众健康，并鼓励更积极的生活方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ample time｜充足的时间",
   "ample evidence｜充分的证据",
   "ample space｜宽敞的空间",
   "ample opportunity｜充分的机会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "amply (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "plentiful",
   "abundant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "insufficient",
   "inadequate"
  ],
  "tip": "ample强调足够甚至有余，常修饰time、space、evidence。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ample"
 },
 {
  "w": "provocation",
  "uk": "/ˌprɒvəˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌprɑːvəˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "挑衅；激怒",
    "en": "behaviour intended or likely to cause anger or a reaction"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Despite the provocation, Amir stayed calm and walked away.",
    "zh": "尽管受到挑衅，阿米尔仍保持冷静并走开了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching children to respond calmly to provocation can reduce conflict and promote a more supportive school environment.",
    "zh": "教孩子冷静应对挑衅能减少冲突，并营造更互助友善的校园环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "without provocation｜无缘无故地",
   "deliberate provocation｜蓄意挑衅",
   "respond to provocation｜回应挑衅"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "provoke (v.)",
   "provocative (adj.)",
   "provocatively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "incitement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指引起愤怒的挑衅，不宜泛译为普通刺激。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "provocation"
 },
 {
  "w": "reiterate",
  "uk": "/riˈɪtəreɪt/",
  "us": "/riˈɪtəreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "重申；再次强调",
    "en": "to say something again to make it clear or emphasise it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Before we left, Dad reiterated the importance of staying together.",
    "zh": "出发前，爸爸再次强调了不要走散的重要性。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The report reiterates that investment in public transport is essential for reducing urban air pollution.",
    "zh": "该报告重申，投资公共交通对减少城市空气污染至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reiterate a point｜重申观点",
   "reiterate a commitment｜重申承诺",
   "reiterate that｜重申……"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reiteration (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "repeat",
   "restate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是动词，不是形容词；可接名词或 that 从句。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reiterate"
 },
 {
  "w": "notwithstanding",
  "uk": "/ˌnɒtwɪðˈstændɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌnɑːtwɪðˈstændɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "尽管；虽然",
    "en": "despite something that might prevent or contradict something else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "尽管如此；仍然",
    "en": "despite what has just been mentioned"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Notwithstanding the rain, we enjoyed our walk by the river.",
    "zh": "尽管下着雨，我们仍愉快地在河边散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Notwithstanding its initial costs, investment in renewable energy can provide substantial economic and environmental benefits over time.",
    "zh": "尽管初期成本较高，可再生能源投资仍能长期带来可观的经济和环境效益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "notwithstanding the fact that｜尽管事实是",
   "notwithstanding these difficulties｜尽管存在这些困难",
   "these concerns notwithstanding｜尽管有这些担忧"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "despite",
   "nevertheless"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用语；作介词可放名词前或后，如the rain notwithstanding。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "notwithstanding"
 },
 {
  "w": "dishonorable",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈɒnərəbl/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈɑːnərəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不光彩的；可耻的",
    "en": "deserving disapproval because of dishonest or unfair behaviour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He felt that cheating at cards was dishonorable.",
    "zh": "他认为打牌作弊是不光彩的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Dishonorable conduct by public officials can weaken trust in institutions and discourage citizens from participating in politics.",
    "zh": "公职人员的不光彩行为会削弱公众对机构的信任，并使公民不愿参与政治。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dishonorable conduct｜可耻行为",
   "dishonorable intentions｜不光彩的意图",
   "dishonorable discharge｜不名誉退伍"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dishonor (n.)",
   "dishonor (v.)",
   "dishonorably (adv.)",
   "honorable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disgraceful",
   "shameful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "honorable"
  ],
  "tip": "美式拼写；英式通常写作dishonourable。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dishonorable"
 },
 {
  "w": "meticulous",
  "uk": "/məˈtɪkjələs/",
  "us": "/məˈtɪkjələs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "一丝不苟的；细致的",
    "en": "Extremely careful and attentive to every small detail."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He made meticulous notes while repairing the old clock.",
    "zh": "他修理旧钟时做了细致的记录。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Meticulous planning is essential when researchers conduct experiments involving complex equipment and sensitive environmental measurements.",
    "zh": "研究人员开展涉及复杂设备和精密环境测量的实验时，周密规划至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "meticulous attention to detail｜对细节的一丝不苟",
   "meticulous planning｜周密规划",
   "meticulous records｜详尽准确的记录"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "meticulously (adv.)",
   "meticulousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thorough",
   "painstaking",
   "careful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "careless",
   "sloppy"
  ],
  "tip": "通常是褒义，强调认真关注每个细节。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meticulous"
 },
 {
  "w": "fluorescent",
  "uk": "/flɔːˈresənt/",
  "us": "/flʊˈresənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "发荧光的；荧光灯的",
    "en": "Emitting light through fluorescence, or using this effect for lighting."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "颜色鲜亮的；荧光色的",
    "en": "Having an extremely bright, noticeable colour."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The fluorescent lamp flickered above the kitchen sink.",
    "zh": "厨房水槽上方的荧光灯闪烁不定。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing fluorescent lighting with more efficient alternatives can lower electricity consumption in schools and offices.",
    "zh": "用效率更高的照明设备替换荧光灯，可以降低学校和办公室的用电量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fluorescent lighting｜荧光照明",
   "fluorescent tube｜荧光灯管",
   "fluorescent yellow｜荧光黄"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fluorescence (n.)",
   "fluoresce (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "注意拼写是fluorescent，常搭配lamp或tube。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fluorescent"
 },
 {
  "w": "tertiary",
  "uk": "/ˈtɜːʃəri/",
  "us": "/ˈtɝːʃieri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "高等教育的",
    "en": "Relating to education at college or university level."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "第三位的；第三阶段的",
    "en": "Third in order, level, or stage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister hopes to enter tertiary education next year.",
    "zh": "我姐姐希望明年进入高等院校学习。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable tertiary education can improve social mobility by giving disadvantaged students access to professional qualifications.",
    "zh": "负担得起的高等教育可以让弱势学生获得专业资格，从而促进社会流动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tertiary education｜高等教育",
   "tertiary sector｜第三产业",
   "tertiary care｜三级医疗"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tertiary education指中学之后的高等教育。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tertiary"
 },
 {
  "w": "concur",
  "uk": "/kənˈkɜː/",
  "us": "/kənˈkɝː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "同意；意见一致",
    "en": "to agree with someone or share the same opinion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I concur with your suggestion to leave before lunch.",
    "zh": "我同意你午饭前出发的建议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Most researchers concur that investment in early childhood education brings substantial benefits to society.",
    "zh": "大多数研究人员一致认为，投资幼儿教育能为社会带来显著益处。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "concur with someone｜同意某人",
   "concur that｜一致认为",
   "concur in a decision｜赞同一项决定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "concurrence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "agree"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disagree",
   "dissent"
  ],
  "tip": "正式用词，常用concur with某人或concur that从句。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "concur"
 },
 {
  "w": "protracted",
  "uk": "/prəˈtræktɪd/",
  "us": "/prəˈtræktɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "拖延的；旷日持久的",
    "en": "Lasting longer than expected or desired."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After a protracted discussion, we finally chose a sofa.",
    "zh": "讨论了很久之后，我们终于选定了一张沙发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protracted negotiations over funding can delay essential infrastructure projects and increase their overall cost considerably.",
    "zh": "围绕资金问题旷日持久的谈判，会拖延重要基础设施项目，并显著增加其总成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "protracted negotiations｜旷日持久的谈判",
   "protracted dispute｜长期争端",
   "protracted delay｜长时间的延误",
   "protracted illness｜久拖不愈的疾病"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "protract (v.)",
   "protraction (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "prolonged",
   "drawn-out",
   "lengthy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "brief"
  ],
  "tip": "比long更强调拖得过久，常含负面意味。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "protracted"
 },
 {
  "w": "stagnation",
  "uk": "/stæɡˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/stæɡˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "停滞；不发展",
    "en": "a state in which growth, activity, or development stops"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水或空气的不流动",
    "en": "the condition of water or air remaining still"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After years of stagnation, our shop finally attracted new customers.",
    "zh": "多年生意停滞之后，我们的店终于吸引到了新顾客。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged economic stagnation can reduce employment opportunities and discourage investment in essential public services.",
    "zh": "长期经济停滞可能减少就业机会，并抑制对基本公共服务的投资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "economic stagnation｜经济停滞",
   "a period of stagnation｜一段停滞期",
   "prolonged stagnation｜长期停滞"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stagnate (v.)",
   "stagnant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "growth",
   "progress"
  ],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词，常用于经济或发展停滞。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stagnation"
 },
 {
  "w": "afflict",
  "uk": "/əˈflɪkt/",
  "us": "/əˈflɪkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使受折磨；困扰",
    "en": "Cause someone or something serious suffering or difficulty"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Seasonal allergies afflict my brother whenever the flowers bloom.",
    "zh": "每到鲜花盛开时，季节性过敏就让我的哥哥备受困扰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Water shortages continue to afflict rural communities, limiting agricultural production and increasing the burden on local families.",
    "zh": "缺水问题持续困扰农村社区，限制农业生产，并加重当地家庭的负担。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be afflicted with｜受……折磨",
   "afflict communities｜困扰社区",
   "severely afflicted｜深受折磨的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "affliction (n.)",
   "afflicted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "trouble",
   "plague"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用被动be afflicted with，后接疾病或困境。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "afflict"
 },
 {
  "w": "fulfillment",
  "uk": "/fʊlˈfɪlmənt/",
  "us": "/fʊlˈfɪlmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "满足感；成就感",
    "en": "A feeling of satisfaction from doing something meaningful"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "履行；实现",
    "en": "The act of meeting a requirement or achieving something desired"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She finds fulfillment in teaching children to swim.",
    "zh": "教孩子游泳让她获得满足感。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For many employees, personal fulfillment matters as much as financial security when choosing a career.",
    "zh": "对许多员工来说，择业时个人满足感与经济保障同样重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "personal fulfillment｜个人满足感",
   "a sense of fulfillment｜成就感",
   "fulfillment of obligations｜履行义务",
   "order fulfillment｜订单履行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fulfill (v.)",
   "fulfilled (adj.)",
   "fulfilling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "satisfaction"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dissatisfaction"
  ],
  "tip": "这是美式拼写；英式通常写作fulfilment。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fulfillment"
 },
 {
  "w": "stationer",
  "uk": "/ˈsteɪʃənə/",
  "us": "/ˈsteɪʃənər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文具商",
    "en": "A person or business that sells writing and office supplies."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The stationer helped me choose a notebook for school.",
    "zh": "文具商帮我挑了一本上学用的笔记本。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A local stationer may struggle to compete with online retailers offering cheaper office supplies.",
    "zh": "当地文具商可能难以与提供更便宜办公用品的网络零售商竞争。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a local stationer｜当地文具商",
   "a high-street stationer｜商业街文具商",
   "at the stationer's｜在文具店"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stationery (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "文具店常用stationer's；stationery是文具，勿混stationary。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stationer"
 },
 {
  "w": "microbe",
  "uk": "/ˈmaɪkrəʊb/",
  "us": "/ˈmaɪkroʊb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "微生物",
    "en": "A living organism too small to see without a microscope"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Some microbes help turn fresh milk into thick yoghurt.",
    "zh": "有些微生物能帮助把鲜奶变成浓稠的酸奶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Soil microbes play an essential role in recycling nutrients and maintaining the fertility of agricultural land.",
    "zh": "土壤微生物在养分循环和维持农田肥力方面发挥着关键作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "soil microbes｜土壤微生物",
   "harmful microbes｜有害微生物",
   "beneficial microbes｜有益微生物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "microbial (adj.)",
   "microbiology (n.)",
   "microbiologist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "microorganism"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不只指细菌，也不一定有害；germ常指病菌。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "microbe"
 },
 {
  "w": "steamer",
  "uk": "/ˈstiːmə/",
  "us": "/ˈstiːmər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蒸锅；蒸笼",
    "en": "A container or appliance that cooks food using steam."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汽船；蒸汽轮船",
    "en": "A boat or ship powered by steam."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Put the dumplings in the steamer for ten minutes.",
    "zh": "把饺子放进蒸锅里蒸十分钟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The arrival of the steamer transformed river trade by allowing goods to travel more reliably over long distances.",
    "zh": "蒸汽轮船的出现使货物能够更可靠地进行长距离运输，从而改变了内河贸易。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bamboo steamer｜竹蒸笼",
   "vegetable steamer｜蔬菜蒸锅",
   "paddle steamer｜明轮汽船"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "steam (n.)",
   "steam (v.)",
   "steamed (adj.)",
   "steamy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指蒸食物的器具，也可指蒸汽动力船。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "steamer"
 },
 {
  "w": "twilight",
  "uk": "/ˈtwaɪlaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈtwaɪlaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "暮色；晨昏微光",
    "en": "The soft light just after sunset or before sunrise"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "衰落时期；暮年",
    "en": "The final stage of something as its strength or importance fades"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked home through the park in the twilight.",
    "zh": "我们在暮色中穿过公园走回家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In the twilight of their careers, experienced athletes can support younger competitors through coaching and mentoring.",
    "zh": "在职业生涯的末期，经验丰富的运动员可以通过训练和指导来帮助年轻选手。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at twilight｜在黄昏时分",
   "in the twilight｜在暮色中",
   "the twilight of a career｜职业生涯的末期"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "多指日落后的暮光，也可指日出前的微光。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "twilight"
 },
 {
  "w": "entrant",
  "uk": "/ˈentrənt/",
  "us": "/ˈentrənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "参赛者",
    "en": "a person who takes part in a competition"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新加入者；新入行者",
    "en": "a person or organisation newly joining an activity or field"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each entrant brought a homemade cake to the competition.",
    "zh": "每位参赛者都带了一块自制蛋糕来参赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "New entrants to the renewable energy market often struggle to compete with established companies for investment.",
    "zh": "可再生能源市场的新进入者往往难以在争取投资方面与成熟企业竞争。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "competition entrant｜参赛者",
   "new entrant｜新加入者",
   "market entrant｜市场新进入者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enter (v.)",
   "entry (n.)",
   "entrance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "participant",
   "competitor"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "新加入某领域用entrant to；不等于入口entrance。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "entrant"
 },
 {
  "w": "cardinal",
  "uk": "/ˈkɑːdɪnəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːrdɪnəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最重要的；基本的",
    "en": "Of central importance to a system, belief, or activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天主教枢机主教",
    "en": "A senior Catholic official who helps elect the pope."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "北美红雀",
    "en": "A North American bird whose male has bright red feathers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our cardinal rule is to leave nobody behind.",
    "zh": "我们的首要原则是不落下任何人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting patient privacy should remain a cardinal principle when hospitals introduce new digital record systems.",
    "zh": "医院引入新的电子病历系统时，保护患者隐私应始终是一项基本原则。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cardinal rule｜首要规则",
   "cardinal principle｜基本原则",
   "cardinal error｜重大错误",
   "cardinal number｜基数"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "fundamental",
   "principal",
   "essential"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "minor",
   "secondary"
  ],
  "tip": "cardinal number是基数，ordinal number是序数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cardinal"
 },
 {
  "w": "fallacy",
  "uk": "/ˈfæləsi/",
  "us": "/ˈfæləsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谬见；错误观念",
    "en": "A belief that is commonly accepted but actually false."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "逻辑谬误",
    "en": "An error in reasoning that makes an argument unreliable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It is a fallacy that expensive shoes always last longer.",
    "zh": "认为昂贵的鞋子总是更耐穿，是一种错误观念。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The claim that economic growth automatically benefits every citizen rests on a fallacy about how wealth is distributed.",
    "zh": "经济增长会自动惠及每位公民的说法，建立在对财富分配方式的错误认识之上。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a common fallacy｜常见谬见",
   "a logical fallacy｜逻辑谬误",
   "expose a fallacy｜揭露谬误"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fallacious (adj.)",
   "fallaciously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "misconception",
   "misbelief"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不只是事实错误，也常指论证中的逻辑错误。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fallacy"
 },
 {
  "w": "funnel",
  "uk": "/ˈfʌnəl/",
  "us": "/ˈfʌnəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "漏斗",
    "en": "A wide topped tool with a narrow tube for pouring"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "引导汇入；输送",
    "en": "To direct something through a narrow space or particular route"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轮船烟囱",
    "en": "A large pipe carrying smoke away from a ship's engine"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Use a funnel to pour oil into the bottle.",
    "zh": "用漏斗把油倒进瓶子里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Well-designed drainage systems funnel rainwater into storage tanks, reducing the risk of urban flooding.",
    "zh": "设计合理的排水系统将雨水引入储水罐，降低城市内涝风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a plastic funnel｜塑料漏斗",
   "funnel water into｜将水引入",
   "a ship's funnel｜轮船烟囱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词常用funnel A into B，表示将A引入B。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "funnel"
 },
 {
  "w": "cutting",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "尖刻的；伤人的",
    "en": "Intended to hurt someone through harsh criticism or unkind remarks."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "剪报",
    "en": "An article or picture cut out of a newspaper."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "路堑",
    "en": "A deep passage dug through land for a road or railway."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His cutting remark about her cooking spoiled the meal.",
    "zh": "他对她厨艺的尖刻评价破坏了用餐的气氛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cutting comments from teachers can discourage students from asking questions and participating actively in class.",
    "zh": "教师尖刻的评论可能使学生不敢提问，也不愿积极参与课堂活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cutting remark｜尖刻的评论",
   "newspaper cutting｜剪报",
   "railway cutting｜铁路路堑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cut (v.)",
   "cuttingly (adv.)",
   "cutter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "剪报在英式英语中叫cutting，美式常用clipping。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cutting"
 },
 {
  "w": "procure",
  "uk": "/prəˈkjʊə/",
  "us": "/prəˈkjʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "设法获得；采购",
    "en": "to obtain something, especially through effort or careful arrangements"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We finally procured a spare part for the oven.",
    "zh": "我们终于为烤箱弄到了一个备用零件。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities must procure reliable equipment to ensure that drinking water remains safe during emergencies.",
    "zh": "地方政府必须采购可靠的设备，确保紧急情况下饮用水仍然安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "procure equipment｜采购设备",
   "procure supplies｜采购物资",
   "procure funding｜筹措资金"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "procurement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "obtain",
   "acquire",
   "secure"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式及物动词，直接接所获得的物品或资源。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "procure"
 },
 {
  "w": "posture",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒstʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːstʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "姿势；体态",
    "en": "the way you hold your body when sitting or standing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "立场；态度",
    "en": "an attitude or position towards a particular issue"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "故作姿态",
    "en": "to behave artificially in order to impress others"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Adjusting your chair can improve your posture while working.",
    "zh": "调整椅子能改善你工作时的坐姿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach children how good posture and regular movement can reduce discomfort during prolonged study.",
    "zh": "学校应教导儿童，良好姿势和定时活动如何减轻长时间学习带来的不适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "good posture｜良好的体态",
   "improve your posture｜改善体态",
   "adopt a defensive posture｜采取防御姿态"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "postural (adj.)",
   "posturing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词常指体态；动词常含“装样子”的贬义。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "posture"
 },
 {
  "w": "feeble",
  "uk": "/ˈfiːbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈfiːbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "虚弱的；微弱的",
    "en": "Lacking physical strength, energy, or intensity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无说服力的；无效的",
    "en": "Too weak to convince people or achieve a useful result."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After the illness, he felt too feeble to cook.",
    "zh": "病后他感到很虚弱，连饭都做不了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Feeble enforcement of environmental regulations allows some factories to continue polluting rivers without facing meaningful consequences.",
    "zh": "环境法规执行不力，使一些工厂得以继续污染河流，而不必承担实质性后果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a feeble voice｜微弱的声音",
   "a feeble excuse｜站不住脚的借口",
   "a feeble attempt｜无力的尝试"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "feebly (adv.)",
   "feebleness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "weak",
   "frail"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "strong",
   "vigorous"
  ],
  "tip": "可形容身体、声音，也可批评借口或努力无力。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "feeble"
 },
 {
  "w": "deadlock",
  "uk": "/ˈdedlɒk/",
  "us": "/ˈdedlɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "僵局",
    "en": "A situation where disagreement prevents any further progress."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our discussion reached a deadlock over who should pay.",
    "zh": "我们在该由谁付款的问题上争执不下，讨论陷入了僵局。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An independent mediator may help break the deadlock when negotiations between employers and workers fail.",
    "zh": "当雇主与员工之间的谈判失败时，独立调解员可能帮助打破僵局。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reach a deadlock｜陷入僵局",
   "break the deadlock｜打破僵局",
   "end in deadlock｜以僵局告终"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deadlocked (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stalemate",
   "impasse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常与reach或break搭配；强调分歧导致无法推进。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deadlock"
 },
 {
  "w": "capillary",
  "uk": "/kəˈpɪləri/",
  "us": "/ˈkæpəleri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "毛细血管；毛细管",
    "en": "a tiny blood vessel or an extremely narrow tube"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "毛细血管的；毛细作用的",
    "en": "relating to tiny blood vessels or liquid movement through narrow spaces"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The diagram shows a capillary beside several skin cells.",
    "zh": "这幅图展示了一条毛细血管及其旁边的几个皮肤细胞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Capillary action allows water to move through narrow spaces in soil, helping moisture reach plant roots.",
    "zh": "毛细作用使水能够穿过土壤中的狭窄空隙，帮助水分到达植物根部。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "capillary action｜毛细作用",
   "capillary blood｜毛细血管血液",
   "capillary tube｜毛细管",
   "capillary network｜毛细血管网"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为capillaries；英美读音的重音位置不同。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "capillary"
 },
 {
  "w": "maiden",
  "uk": "/ˈmeɪdən/",
  "us": "/ˈmeɪdən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "首次的；初次的",
    "en": "being the first of its kind for someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "少女；未婚女子",
    "en": "a young unmarried woman, especially in old stories"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new ferry completed its maiden voyage this morning.",
    "zh": "这艘新渡轮今天上午完成了首航。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The aircraft's maiden flight marked an important step towards developing cleaner forms of regional transport.",
    "zh": "这架飞机的首飞标志着开发更清洁的区域交通方式迈出了重要一步。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "maiden voyage｜首航",
   "maiden flight｜首飞",
   "maiden speech｜首次演说"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词常指首次；名词指少女时带文学或古旧色彩。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "maiden"
 },
 {
  "w": "prosecution",
  "uk": "/ˌprɒsɪˈkjuːʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌprɑːsɪˈkjuːʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刑事起诉；检控",
    "en": "The legal process of charging and trying someone for a crime."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "控方",
    "en": "The lawyers trying to prove an accused person committed a crime."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop owner faced prosecution for selling stolen bicycles.",
    "zh": "那位店主因出售偷来的自行车而面临刑事起诉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective prosecution of environmental offences requires reliable evidence and sufficient resources for specialist legal teams.",
    "zh": "有效起诉环境违法行为需要可靠的证据，也需要为专业法律团队提供充足资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "face prosecution｜面临起诉",
   "criminal prosecution｜刑事起诉",
   "the prosecution case｜控方的案情陈述",
   "prosecution witness｜控方证人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prosecute (v.)",
   "prosecutor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "defence"
  ],
  "tip": "the prosecution指刑事案件控方，不是民事原告。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prosecution"
 },
 {
  "w": "liberal",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪbərəl/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪbərəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "开明的；思想开放的",
    "en": "Accepting different opinions and supporting people's freedom to choose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自由主义的",
    "en": "Supporting political principles that protect individual rights and freedoms."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大量的；慷慨给予的",
    "en": "Given or used generously, often in large amounts."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My parents are liberal about what clothes I wear.",
    "zh": "父母对我的穿着很开明。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A liberal society should protect individual freedoms while encouraging citizens to respect the rights of others.",
    "zh": "自由开放的社会应保护个人自由，同时鼓励公民尊重他人的权利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "liberal attitudes｜开明的态度",
   "liberal democracy｜自由民主制",
   "a liberal amount of｜大量的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "liberally (adv.)",
   "liberalism (n.)",
   "liberalise (v.)",
   "liberalisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "open-minded",
   "tolerant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "illiberal"
  ],
  "tip": "政治含义随国家而异；也可表示开明或用量充足。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "liberal"
 },
 {
  "w": "conceive",
  "uk": "/kənˈsiːv/",
  "us": "/kənˈsiːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "构思；设想",
    "en": "to form an idea or imagine something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "怀孕；受孕",
    "en": "to become pregnant or cause a baby to begin developing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She conceived the idea while walking through the park.",
    "zh": "她在公园散步时想出了这个主意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planners must conceive new ways of accommodating population growth without sacrificing green spaces or affordable housing.",
    "zh": "城市规划者必须构思新方法，在不牺牲绿地或保障性住房的前提下应对人口增长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conceive an idea｜构思一个主意",
   "conceive of｜设想；想象",
   "conceive a child｜怀上孩子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conception (n.)",
   "conceivable (adj.)",
   "conceivably (adv.)",
   "inconceivable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "imagine",
   "devise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "conceive an idea指构思；conceive of指设想。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conceive"
 },
 {
  "w": "laborious",
  "uk": "/ləˈbɔːriəs/",
  "us": "/ləˈbɔːriəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "费时费力的；艰苦的",
    "en": "requiring a lot of time and hard work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Removing the old wallpaper was a slow, laborious job.",
    "zh": "清除旧墙纸是一项缓慢又费力的工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digitising historical records is a laborious process, but it greatly improves public access to valuable research materials.",
    "zh": "将历史档案数字化是一个费时费力的过程，但能大大方便公众获取珍贵的研究资料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "laborious process｜费时费力的过程",
   "laborious task｜艰苦的任务",
   "laborious work｜繁重的工作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "laboriously (adv.)",
   "labour (n.)",
   "labour (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "arduous",
   "painstaking"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "effortless",
   "easy"
  ],
  "tip": "通常形容任务或过程；形容人勤劳用industrious。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "laborious"
 },
 {
  "w": "clarity",
  "uk": "/ˈklærəti/",
  "us": "/ˈklærəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "清楚；清晰易懂",
    "en": "The quality of being clear and easy to understand."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "清晰度；清澈",
    "en": "The quality of being easy to see or hear through."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I appreciate the clarity of your instructions for this game.",
    "zh": "你把这个游戏的玩法说明得很清楚，我很喜欢。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Greater clarity in public health advice can help people make informed decisions about their daily habits.",
    "zh": "更清晰的公共卫生建议能帮助人们在日常习惯方面作出明智决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clarity of thought｜思路清晰",
   "for clarity｜为清楚起见",
   "lack of clarity｜不够清晰",
   "crystal clarity｜极高清晰度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clear (adj.)",
   "clearly (adv.)",
   "clarify (v.)",
   "clarification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clearness",
   "lucidity"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ambiguity",
   "vagueness"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；clarify是动词，意为澄清。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clarity"
 },
 {
  "w": "indebted",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdetɪd/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdetɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "感激的；感恩的",
    "en": "Grateful to someone for help or support."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "负债的",
    "en": "Owing money to a person or organisation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I am deeply indebted to you for your kindness.",
    "zh": "你的好意令我深深感激。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Heavily indebted countries may struggle to invest adequately in public healthcare and education.",
    "zh": "负债累累的国家可能难以充分投资公共医疗和教育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deeply indebted to｜深深感激",
   "indebted to someone for｜因某事感激某人",
   "heavily indebted｜负债累累的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "debt (n.)",
   "indebtedness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grateful",
   "thankful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ungrateful"
  ],
  "tip": "be indebted to sb for sth表示因某事感激某人。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indebted"
 },
 {
  "w": "din",
  "uk": "/dɪn/",
  "us": "/dɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喧嚣；嘈杂声",
    "en": "A loud, unpleasant mixture of continuing noises."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We could barely hear each other above the din.",
    "zh": "嘈杂声太大，我们几乎听不清彼此说话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The constant din of traffic can reduce residents' quality of life and disturb their sleep.",
    "zh": "持续不断的交通噪声会降低居民的生活质量，干扰他们的睡眠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "above the din｜盖过喧嚣声",
   "a deafening din｜震耳欲聋的嘈杂声",
   "the din of traffic｜交通的嘈杂声"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "racket",
   "clamour"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常作单数名词，强调持续且令人不适的嘈杂声。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "din"
 },
 {
  "w": "telecommunication",
  "uk": "/ˌtelikəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌtelikəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电信；远程通信",
    "en": "Communication over a distance using electronic signals."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Telecommunication keeps our family connected despite the ocean between us.",
    "zh": "虽然我们一家人远隔重洋，远程通信仍让我们保持联系。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in telecommunication infrastructure can improve rural access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "投资电信基础设施可以改善农村地区获取教育、医疗和就业机会的条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "telecommunication networks｜电信网络",
   "telecommunication infrastructure｜电信基础设施",
   "telecommunication services｜电信服务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "telecommunications (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "谈电信行业或技术时，通常用复数telecommunications。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "telecommunication"
 },
 {
  "w": "expenditure",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspendɪtʃə/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspendɪtʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "支出；花费",
    "en": "money spent on something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "精力或时间的消耗",
    "en": "the use of time, energy, or effort"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We track our monthly expenditure in a small notebook.",
    "zh": "我们用一个小本子记录每月开支。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Higher public expenditure on preventive healthcare could reduce the long-term cost of treating chronic diseases.",
    "zh": "增加预防性医疗的公共支出，可以降低治疗慢性病的长期成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public expenditure｜公共支出",
   "capital expenditure｜资本支出",
   "energy expenditure｜能量消耗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expend (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "spending",
   "outlay"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；expenditure on后接花费对象。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expenditure"
 },
 {
  "w": "retention",
  "uk": "/rɪˈtenʃən/",
  "us": "/rɪˈtenʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保留；留住",
    "en": "the act of keeping something or preventing someone from leaving"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "记忆；记忆保持",
    "en": "the ability to keep information in your memory"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "滞留；潴留",
    "en": "the accumulation of fluid that the body does not release"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our manager improved staff retention by offering flexible hours.",
    "zh": "我们的经理通过提供弹性工作时间，提高了员工留任率。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular revision and adequate sleep can improve the retention of information among students preparing for examinations.",
    "zh": "定期复习和充足睡眠能帮助备考学生更好地记住所学信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "staff retention｜员工留任",
   "customer retention｜客户维系",
   "knowledge retention｜知识保持",
   "water retention｜水分潴留"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "retain (v.)",
   "retentive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；动词形式为retain。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "retention"
 },
 {
  "w": "drudgery",
  "uk": "/ˈdrʌdʒəri/",
  "us": "/ˈdrʌdʒəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "单调繁重的苦差事",
    "en": "Hard, boring work that must be repeated regularly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A dishwasher takes much of the drudgery out of cleaning.",
    "zh": "洗碗机让清洁工作少了许多单调繁重的劳动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Automation can reduce the drudgery of repetitive tasks, allowing workers to focus on more creative activities.",
    "zh": "自动化可以减轻重复任务带来的枯燥劳苦，让员工专注于更有创造性的活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "daily drudgery｜日常苦差事",
   "domestic drudgery｜繁重乏味的家务",
   "the drudgery of repetitive work｜重复工作的枯燥劳苦"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drudge (n.)",
   "drudge (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "toil"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词，强调工作既繁重又单调，而不只是困难。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drudgery"
 },
 {
  "w": "prosecutor",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒsɪkjuːtə/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːsɪkjuːtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "检察官；公诉人",
    "en": "A lawyer who presents a criminal case against an accused person."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The prosecutor asked the witness about the missing bicycle.",
    "zh": "公诉人向证人询问了失踪自行车的情况。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An independent prosecutor can help ensure that criminal cases are handled fairly without inappropriate political interference.",
    "zh": "独立的检察官有助于确保刑事案件得到公正处理，不受不当政治干预。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public prosecutor｜公诉人；检察官",
   "chief prosecutor｜首席检察官",
   "lead prosecutor｜主办检察官"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prosecute (v.)",
   "prosecution (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "代表控方提出指控；不负责作出判决。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prosecutor"
 },
 {
  "w": "regretful",
  "uk": "/rɪˈɡretfəl/",
  "us": "/rɪˈɡretfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "后悔的；遗憾的",
    "en": "Feeling sorry about something that happened or something you did."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He looked regretful after speaking sharply to his sister.",
    "zh": "他对妹妹说话太冲，之后显得很后悔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some graduates feel regretful about choosing a degree solely for its expected financial rewards.",
    "zh": "一些毕业生对仅因预期经济回报而选择某个学位感到后悔。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel regretful｜感到后悔",
   "a regretful smile｜带着遗憾的微笑",
   "regretful about a decision｜对决定感到后悔"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "regret (v.)",
   "regret (n.)",
   "regretfully (adv.)",
   "regrettable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sorry",
   "remorseful"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "regretful指人感到遗憾；regrettable指事令人遗憾。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "regretful"
 },
 {
  "w": "tenancy",
  "uk": "/ˈtenənsi/",
  "us": "/ˈtenənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "租赁权；租赁关系",
    "en": "The legal right or arrangement to occupy rented property."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "租期",
    "en": "The period during which someone rents a property."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our tenancy ends next month, so we are packing.",
    "zh": "我们的租期下个月结束，所以我们正在收拾行李。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear tenancy agreements can protect both landlords and tenants by defining their respective rights and responsibilities.",
    "zh": "清晰的租赁协议可以明确双方各自的权利和责任，从而保护房东与租客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tenancy agreement｜租赁协议",
   "a fixed-term tenancy｜固定期限租赁",
   "terminate a tenancy｜终止租赁",
   "security of tenancy｜租住权保障"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tenant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tenant指租客；tenancy指租赁关系、权利或租期。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tenancy"
 },
 {
  "w": "holding",
  "uk": "/ˈhəʊldɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈhoʊldɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "持有的资产；股份",
    "en": "Property, shares, or other assets owned by someone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一块农地；农场",
    "en": "An area of land owned or rented for farming."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sold her holding in the family business yesterday.",
    "zh": "她昨天卖掉了自己在家族企业中的股份。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Large investment funds can influence corporate decisions through their substantial holdings in major companies across different sectors.",
    "zh": "大型投资基金可凭借在不同行业主要企业中的大量持股，影响企业决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a share holding｜所持股份",
   "property holdings｜持有的房地产",
   "an agricultural holding｜农业用地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hold (v.)",
   "holder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "资产常用复数holdings；holding company指控股公司。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "holding"
 },
 {
  "w": "convict",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnvɪkt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnvɪkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "已决犯；服刑犯",
    "en": "Someone found guilty of a crime, especially someone in prison."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "判定…有罪",
    "en": "To officially find someone guilty of a crime in court."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The former convict now works at a local bakery.",
    "zh": "这名曾经服刑的人现在在当地一家面包店工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Education programmes can help a convict develop practical skills and prepare for employment after release from prison.",
    "zh": "教育项目可以帮助服刑人员培养实用技能，为出狱后就业做好准备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a convicted offender｜被定罪的违法者",
   "convict someone of theft｜判某人盗窃罪成立",
   "a former convict｜曾经服刑的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conviction (n)",
   "convicted (adj)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "prisoner"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "acquit"
  ],
  "tip": "名词重音在首音节，动词在第二音节；定罪用of。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "convict"
 },
 {
  "w": "drunkard",
  "uk": "/ˈdrʌŋkəd/",
  "us": "/ˈdrʌŋkərd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "酒鬼；经常酗酒的人",
    "en": "An insulting term for someone who is frequently drunk."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The novel portrays the lonely innkeeper as a drunkard.",
    "zh": "这部小说将孤独的客栈老板描写成一个酒鬼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Calling someone a drunkard can reinforce stigma and discourage them from seeking professional help for alcohol dependence.",
    "zh": "称某人为酒鬼会加深污名，阻碍其为酒精依赖寻求专业帮助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a habitual drunkard｜惯常酗酒的人",
   "call someone a drunkard｜称某人为酒鬼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drunk (adj.)",
   "drunken (adj.)",
   "drunkenness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "含贬义；中性表达可用person with alcohol dependence。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "贬义称呼，可能冒犯有酒精依赖的人",
  "id": "drunkard"
 },
 {
  "w": "hound",
  "uk": "/haʊnd/",
  "us": "/haʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "猎犬",
    "en": "A dog bred to hunt using smell or sight."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "纠缠；不断骚扰",
    "en": "To repeatedly bother or pursue someone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hound followed a scent through the wet grass.",
    "zh": "那只猎犬循着气味穿过湿漉漉的草地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Journalists should not hound people for interviews, particularly when those individuals have clearly requested privacy.",
    "zh": "记者不应为了采访而纠缠他人，尤其是在对方已明确要求保护隐私的情况下。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pack of hounds｜一群猎犬",
   "hound someone for answers｜追着某人要答案",
   "hound someone out of office｜逼迫某人离职"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "harass",
   "pester"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词强调反复纠缠，不只是普通的追赶。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hound"
 },
 {
  "w": "formulation",
  "uk": "/ˌfɔːmjuˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌfɔːrmjəˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "制定；构想",
    "en": "The process of developing a plan, policy, or theory."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "表述方式",
    "en": "A particular way of expressing an idea precisely."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "配方；配制品",
    "en": "A mixture prepared for a particular purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The whole team contributed to the formulation of our plan.",
    "zh": "整个团队都参与了我们计划的制定。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective policy formulation requires reliable evidence and meaningful consultation with the communities most likely to be affected.",
    "zh": "有效的政策制定需要可靠的证据，并与最可能受到影响的社区进行有意义的协商。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "policy formulation｜政策制定",
   "the formulation of a theory｜理论的构建",
   "a precise formulation｜精确的表述",
   "a new formulation｜新配方"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "formulate (v.)",
   "reformulate (v.)",
   "reformulation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用the formulation of，表示计划等的制定。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "formulation"
 },
 {
  "w": "capitalism",
  "uk": "/ˈkæpɪtəlɪzəm/",
  "us": "/ˈkæpɪtəlɪzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "资本主义",
    "en": "an economic system based on private ownership and profit"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We discussed capitalism over coffee after our economics class.",
    "zh": "经济学课后，我们边喝咖啡边讨论资本主义。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Critics of capitalism argue that governments should regulate markets to limit inequality and protect vulnerable workers.",
    "zh": "资本主义的批评者认为，政府应监管市场，以限制不平等并保护弱势劳动者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "free-market capitalism｜自由市场资本主义",
   "global capitalism｜全球资本主义",
   "the rise of capitalism｜资本主义的兴起"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "capital (n.)",
   "capitalist (n.)",
   "capitalist (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；capitalist可指资本家或作形容词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "capitalism"
 },
 {
  "w": "predominance",
  "uk": "/prɪˈdɒmɪnəns/",
  "us": "/prɪˈdɑːmɪnəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "数量上的优势；主导地位",
    "en": "The state of being most numerous, powerful, or influential."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The predominance of blue gives this room a cool feel.",
    "zh": "这个房间以蓝色为主，给人清凉的感觉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The predominance of private cars in urban transport creates challenges for efforts to reduce air pollution.",
    "zh": "私家车在城市交通中占主导地位，给减少空气污染的工作带来了挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a predominance of｜……占多数",
   "economic predominance｜经济上的主导地位",
   "predominance over｜相对于……的优势"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "predominant (adj.)",
   "predominantly (adv.)",
   "predominate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dominance",
   "preponderance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调数量、力量或影响占优，不等于“杰出”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "predominance"
 },
 {
  "w": "thrift",
  "uk": "/θrɪft/",
  "us": "/θrɪft/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "节俭；节约",
    "en": "careful use of money and resources to avoid waste"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her thrift helped her save enough for a bicycle.",
    "zh": "她勤俭节约，终于攒够了买自行车的钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching thrift in schools can help young people manage limited incomes and avoid unnecessary debt.",
    "zh": "在学校培养节俭意识可以帮助年轻人管理有限的收入，避免不必要的债务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "practise thrift｜厉行节约",
   "thrift shop｜慈善二手商店",
   "habits of thrift｜节俭的习惯"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thrifty (adj.)",
   "thriftily (adv.)",
   "thriftiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "frugality"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "extravagance"
  ],
  "tip": "thrift 是名词；形容词“节俭的”是 thrifty。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thrift"
 },
 {
  "w": "quiver",
  "uk": "/ˈkwɪv.ə(r)/",
  "us": "/ˈkwɪv.ɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "轻微颤抖；抖动",
    "en": "shake slightly with quick, small movements"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轻微的颤抖",
    "en": "a small, quick shaking movement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "箭袋；箭筒",
    "en": "a container used for carrying arrows"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The puppy's legs quivered as it crossed the slippery floor.",
    "zh": "小狗走过湿滑的地板时，双腿微微发抖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A speaker's voice may quiver under pressure, even when they have prepared thoroughly for a public presentation.",
    "zh": "即使为公开演讲做了充分准备，演讲者的声音也可能因压力而颤抖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "quiver with fear｜吓得发抖",
   "a quivering voice｜颤抖的声音",
   "a quiver of excitement｜激动得一颤"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "tremble",
   "shake"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "多指细微而快速的抖动；声音也可用quiver。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quiver"
 },
 {
  "w": "perpetual",
  "uk": "/pəˈpetʃuəl/",
  "us": "/pərˈpetʃuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "持续不断的；永久的",
    "en": "continuing all the time or lasting forever"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "一再发生的；没完没了的",
    "en": "happening repeatedly, often in an annoying way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dripping tap is a source of perpetual irritation.",
    "zh": "水龙头不停滴水，让人一直心烦。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The pursuit of perpetual economic growth raises questions about how societies can protect limited natural resources.",
    "zh": "对持续经济增长的追求引出了社会如何保护有限自然资源的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "perpetual motion｜永动",
   "perpetual change｜不断的变化",
   "perpetual conflict｜持续不断的冲突"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perpetually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "constant",
   "ceaseless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "temporary"
  ],
  "tip": "可指永不停止，也常夸张表示某事没完没了。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "perpetual"
 },
 {
  "w": "refute",
  "uk": "/rɪˈfjuːt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈfjuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "驳倒；证明错误",
    "en": "to prove that a statement or argument is wrong"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These photos refute the claim that our gate was broken.",
    "zh": "这些照片证明，关于我们大门损坏的说法不实。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable scientific evidence can refute misleading claims about nutrition and help consumers make informed dietary choices.",
    "zh": "可靠的科学证据能够驳倒有关营养的误导性说法，帮助消费者作出明智的饮食选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "refute a claim｜驳倒某种说法",
   "refute an argument｜驳倒论点",
   "refute an allegation｜驳斥指控"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "refutation (n.)",
   "refutable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disprove",
   "rebut"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "confirm",
   "substantiate"
  ],
  "tip": "强调用证据证明错误，不只是表示不同意。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "refute"
 },
 {
  "w": "innumerable",
  "uk": "/ɪˈnjuːmərəbl/",
  "us": "/ɪˈnuːmərəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无数的；数不清的",
    "en": "Too many to count."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Innumerable stars filled the sky above our quiet campsite.",
    "zh": "无数星星布满了我们宁静营地上方的夜空。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal wetlands support innumerable organisms and provide essential protection against storms for nearby communities.",
    "zh": "沿海湿地养育着无数生物，并为附近社区提供抵御风暴的重要屏障。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "innumerable examples｜无数例子",
   "innumerable opportunities｜无数机会",
   "innumerable times｜无数次"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "numerous (adj.)",
   "numerable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "countless",
   "numberless"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "后接可数名词复数，语气比many强，较正式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "innumerable"
 },
 {
  "w": "divine",
  "uk": "/dɪˈvaɪn/",
  "us": "/dɪˈvaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "神的；神圣的",
    "en": "Connected with a god or coming from a god"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极好的；令人愉悦的",
    "en": "Extremely pleasant or wonderful"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猜知；占卜",
    "en": "Discover through intuition or supposed supernatural powers"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The painting shows divine light surrounding a heavenly figure.",
    "zh": "这幅画描绘了一位天界人物周围环绕的神圣光芒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many ancient societies believed that rulers received divine authority, which helped strengthen their political power.",
    "zh": "许多古代社会认为统治者的权威来自神，这有助于巩固他们的政治权力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "divine intervention｜神的干预",
   "divine power｜神力",
   "taste divine｜味道好极了"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "divinity (n.)",
   "divinely (adv.)",
   "divination (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "godly",
   "heavenly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "earthly"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“极好的”时多用于非正式赞美。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "divine"
 },
 {
  "w": "permissive",
  "uk": "/pəˈmɪsɪv/",
  "us": "/pɚˈmɪsɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "放任的；宽纵的",
    "en": "Allowing considerable freedom rather than enforcing strict rules."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His permissive parents rarely object to late bedtimes.",
    "zh": "他的父母管得很松，很少反对他晚睡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A permissive approach to parenting may encourage independence, but children still need clear boundaries.",
    "zh": "宽松的养育方式可能鼓励孩子独立，但他们仍然需要明确的界限。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "permissive parenting｜放任式养育",
   "permissive society｜风气开放的社会",
   "permissive attitude｜宽纵的态度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "permit (v.)",
   "permission (n.)",
   "permissiveness (n.)",
   "permissible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lenient",
   "indulgent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "strict",
   "restrictive"
  ],
  "tip": "permissive指宽纵；permissible才指被允许的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "permissive"
 },
 {
  "w": "transmission",
  "uk": "/trænzˈmɪʃən/",
  "us": "/trænzˈmɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "传输；传播；传递",
    "en": "The process of passing something from one place to another."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "广播；电视播送",
    "en": "The broadcasting of radio or television signals or programmes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汽车传动系统",
    "en": "The system transferring engine power to a vehicle's wheels."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic checked the transmission before our long drive.",
    "zh": "在我们长途开车前，修理工检查了汽车的传动系统。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved ventilation in public buildings can reduce the transmission of certain infections and protect vulnerable people.",
    "zh": "改善公共建筑的通风可以减少某些传染病的传播，并保护易感人群。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "data transmission｜数据传输",
   "disease transmission｜疾病传播",
   "live transmission｜现场直播",
   "automatic transmission｜自动变速器"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transmit (v.)",
   "transmitter (n.)",
   "transmissible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词是 transmit；过去式 transmitted 双写 t。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transmission"
 },
 {
  "w": "thesis",
  "uk": "/ˈθiːsɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈθiːsɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学位论文",
    "en": "A long research paper written for a university degree."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "论点；命题",
    "en": "A central claim that someone presents and supports with evidence."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leila spent the weekend checking references for her thesis.",
    "zh": "莱拉整个周末都在核对学位论文的参考文献。"
   },
   {
    "en": "His thesis examines how access to public transport influences employment opportunities in disadvantaged urban communities.",
    "zh": "他的学位论文探讨了公共交通的可及性如何影响城市弱势社区的就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "doctoral thesis｜博士论文",
   "write a thesis｜撰写学位论文",
   "submit a thesis｜提交学位论文",
   "central thesis｜核心论点"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数是theses；既可指学位论文，也可指核心论点。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thesis"
 },
 {
  "w": "rejoice",
  "uk": "/rɪˈdʒɔɪs/",
  "us": "/rɪˈdʒɔɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "欣喜；欢庆",
    "en": "Feel or show great happiness about something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We rejoiced when our missing cat finally came home.",
    "zh": "失踪的猫终于回家了，我们欣喜不已。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents rejoiced at the reopening of their local library, which provides valuable educational resources.",
    "zh": "当地居民为图书馆重新开放而欢欣鼓舞，因为它提供了宝贵的教育资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rejoice at the news｜为消息感到欣喜",
   "rejoice in someone's success｜为某人的成功欢喜",
   "rejoice that｜因……而欣喜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rejoicing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "celebrate",
   "delight"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "mourn"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式；常用rejoice at/in或接that从句。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rejoice"
 },
 {
  "w": "onset",
  "uk": "/ˈɒnset/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːnset/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "开始；发作",
    "en": "The beginning of something, especially something unpleasant."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sudden onset of rain sent us running indoors.",
    "zh": "突然下起雨来，我们赶紧跑进屋里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular physical activity may delay the onset of certain chronic diseases and improve overall wellbeing.",
    "zh": "经常进行体育活动可能延缓某些慢性病的发生，并改善整体健康状况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the onset of symptoms｜症状的出现",
   "the onset of winter｜冬季的来临",
   "sudden onset｜突然发作",
   "delay the onset｜延缓发生"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "beginning",
   "start"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用the onset of，多指疾病或不利情况的开始。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "onset"
 },
 {
  "w": "fission",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "核裂变",
    "en": "The splitting of an atomic nucleus, usually releasing energy."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分裂生殖",
    "en": "Reproduction in which one organism divides into separate organisms."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched an animation showing fission at the science museum.",
    "zh": "我们在科学博物馆观看了展示核裂变的动画。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Nuclear fission generates electricity without direct carbon emissions, but managing radioactive waste remains a major challenge.",
    "zh": "核裂变发电不直接排放碳，但放射性废物的处理仍是一项重大挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nuclear fission｜核裂变",
   "binary fission｜二分裂",
   "a fission reaction｜裂变反应"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fissile (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "fusion"
  ],
  "tip": "核物理中fission是裂变，fusion是聚变。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fission"
 },
 {
  "w": "illuminate",
  "uk": "/ɪˈluːmɪneɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈluːməneɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "照亮",
    "en": "To shine light on something so it becomes visible"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "阐明；使易懂",
    "en": "To make a subject or problem easier to understand"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Small lamps illuminate the garden path after sunset.",
    "zh": "日落后，小灯照亮了花园里的小径。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Comparing different education systems can illuminate the factors that influence student achievement across diverse social backgrounds.",
    "zh": "比较不同的教育体系，可以阐明影响不同社会背景学生学业表现的因素。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "illuminate a room｜照亮房间",
   "illuminate an issue｜阐明问题",
   "brightly illuminated｜灯火通明的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "illumination (n.)",
   "illuminating (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "light up",
   "clarify"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "darken",
   "obscure"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指用光照亮，也可指用解释或证据阐明。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "illuminate"
 },
 {
  "w": "brood",
  "uk": "/bruːd/",
  "us": "/bruːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一窝幼鸟",
    "en": "A group of young birds born to the same mother."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "忧思；闷闷不乐地想",
    "en": "To keep thinking unhappily about something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "孵卵；暖护幼鸟",
    "en": "To sit on eggs or young birds to keep them warm."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The duck led her brood across the quiet pond.",
    "zh": "鸭妈妈领着一窝小鸭游过平静的池塘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who brood over minor setbacks may find it harder to maintain motivation during demanding courses.",
    "zh": "对小挫折耿耿于怀的学生，可能更难在繁重的课程中保持学习动力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a brood of chicks｜一窝雏鸟",
   "brood over a mistake｜对一个错误耿耿于怀",
   "brood on the past｜为往事忧思"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "brooding (adj.)",
   "broody (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词表忧思时常接over或on。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brood"
 },
 {
  "w": "relinquish",
  "uk": "/rɪˈlɪŋkwɪʃ/",
  "us": "/rɪˈlɪŋkwɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放弃；交出",
    "en": "Give up control, possession or a right to something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She reluctantly relinquished her seat beside the window.",
    "zh": "她不情愿地让出了靠窗的座位。"
   },
   {
    "en": "National governments may be reluctant to relinquish control over energy policy to international organisations.",
    "zh": "各国政府可能不愿将能源政策的控制权交给国际组织。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "relinquish control｜放弃控制权",
   "relinquish power｜交出权力",
   "relinquish a claim｜放弃权利主张"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "relinquishment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "give up",
   "surrender"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "retain"
  ],
  "tip": "正式及物动词，直接接control、power、rights等。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "relinquish"
 },
 {
  "w": "muster",
  "uk": "/ˈmʌstə/",
  "us": "/ˈmʌstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "鼓起；积聚",
    "en": "Gather the courage, strength, or support needed to do something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "集合；召集",
    "en": "Bring people together, especially for military duties."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "集合；集结",
    "en": "A gathering of people, especially soldiers, for inspection or duty."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I finally mustered the courage to ask for help.",
    "zh": "我终于鼓起勇气寻求帮助。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities must muster sufficient public support before introducing major changes to urban transport systems.",
    "zh": "地方政府在对城市交通系统作出重大调整之前，必须争取足够的公众支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "muster the courage｜鼓起勇气",
   "muster support｜争取支持",
   "muster strength｜积聚力量",
   "pass muster｜达到要求"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "gather",
   "summon"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "muster courage指鼓起勇气；pass muster指合格。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "muster"
 },
 {
  "w": "petty",
  "uk": "/ˈpeti/",
  "us": "/ˈpeti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "琐碎的；不重要的",
    "en": "Too small or unimportant to deserve much attention."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "小心眼的；斤斤计较的",
    "en": "Unkindly concerned with small, unimportant matters."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "轻微的；小规模的",
    "en": "Relatively minor or small in scale, especially concerning crime."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We wasted the afternoon arguing over petty details.",
    "zh": "我们整个下午都浪费在争论琐碎细节上了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in youth services may help reduce petty crime by providing constructive activities and support.",
    "zh": "投资青少年服务，为他们提供有益活动和支持，可能有助于减少轻微犯罪。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "petty crime｜轻微犯罪",
   "petty theft｜小额盗窃",
   "petty arguments｜无谓的争吵",
   "petty cash｜小额备用金"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pettiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "trivial",
   "minor"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "important"
  ],
  "tip": "形容人时常含贬义，指小心眼，不只是小气。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "petty"
 },
 {
  "w": "justification",
  "uk": "/ˌdʒʌstɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdʒʌstəfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "正当理由；合理依据",
    "en": "A good reason explaining why something is acceptable or necessary."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is no justification for leaving this mess behind.",
    "zh": "把这里弄得一团糟却不收拾，没有任何正当理由。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must provide clear justification for policies that restrict individual freedom in the interests of public safety.",
    "zh": "政府必须为那些以公共安全为由限制个人自由的政策提供明确的合理依据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "justification for｜……的正当理由",
   "provide justification｜提供合理依据",
   "little justification｜几乎没有正当理由",
   "economic justification｜经济上的合理依据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "justify (v.)",
   "justifiable (adj.)",
   "justifiably (adv.)",
   "justified (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grounds",
   "rationale"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常接for加名词或动名词，说明某事的合理依据。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "justification"
 },
 {
  "w": "limestone",
  "uk": "/ˈlaɪmstəʊn/",
  "us": "/ˈlaɪmstoʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "石灰岩",
    "en": "A rock mainly composed of calcium carbonate, often from marine remains."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old cottage was built from pale local limestone.",
    "zh": "这座旧乡间小屋是用当地浅色的石灰岩建成的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Limestone formations attract tourists, but heavy visitor traffic can damage delicate cave environments over time.",
    "zh": "石灰岩地貌吸引游客，但大量游客往来可能逐渐破坏脆弱的洞穴环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "limestone cliffs｜石灰岩峭壁",
   "limestone cave｜石灰岩洞穴",
   "limestone quarry｜石灰岩采石场",
   "limestone formations｜石灰岩地貌"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "limestone通常不可数；lime还可指石灰或青柠。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "limestone"
 },
 {
  "w": "hemisphere",
  "uk": "/ˈhemɪsfɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈhemɪsfɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地球的半球",
    "en": "one half of the Earth"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大脑半球",
    "en": "either of the two halves of the brain"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Australia lies in the southern hemisphere, far from Europe.",
    "zh": "澳大利亚位于南半球，离欧洲很远。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Seasonal differences between the northern and southern hemispheres influence global tourism patterns throughout the year.",
    "zh": "南北半球的季节差异全年都影响着全球旅游模式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "northern hemisphere｜北半球",
   "southern hemisphere｜南半球",
   "left hemisphere｜左脑半球"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hemispheric (adj.)",
   "hemispherical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "地理中指地球的一半，也可指大脑半球。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hemisphere"
 },
 {
  "w": "pester",
  "uk": "/ˈpestə/",
  "us": "/ˈpestɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "纠缠；不断烦扰",
    "en": "annoy someone by repeatedly asking for something or demanding attention"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children pestered their uncle for another bedtime story.",
    "zh": "孩子们缠着叔叔，要他再讲一个睡前故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some online advertisements pester users with repeated requests, potentially reducing trust in digital services.",
    "zh": "一些网络广告反复向用户发出请求，造成困扰，可能削弱用户对数字服务的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pester someone for something｜缠着某人索要某物",
   "pester someone to do something｜缠着某人做某事",
   "pester someone with questions｜不断提问烦扰某人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "bother",
   "harass"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用pester sb for sth或to do sth，强调反复纠缠。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pester"
 },
 {
  "w": "venture",
  "uk": "/ˈventʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈventʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "风险项目；创业项目",
    "en": "a new activity or business involving risk"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "冒险前往；大胆尝试",
    "en": "to go somewhere or do something despite possible risks"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "大胆提出；冒昧表达",
    "en": "to express an opinion despite uncertainty about the response"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their latest business venture is a small bakery.",
    "zh": "他们最新的创业项目是一家小面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public funding can help young entrepreneurs launch ventures that address environmental problems in their communities.",
    "zh": "公共资金可以帮助年轻创业者开展解决社区环境问题的创业项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "joint venture｜合资企业",
   "venture capital｜风险资本",
   "venture into｜冒险进入",
   "venture an opinion｜冒昧发表意见"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "venturesome (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "venture本身不等于风险投资；风险资本是venture capital。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "venture"
 },
 {
  "w": "compile",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpaɪl/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpaɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "汇编；编制",
    "en": "Collect information from different sources and arrange it together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "编译",
    "en": "Convert computer code into a form a computer can run."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We compiled a playlist for our long train journey.",
    "zh": "我们为漫长的火车旅程整理了一份播放列表。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers compiled data from several hospitals to examine the relationship between air pollution and childhood asthma.",
    "zh": "研究人员汇总了多家医院的数据，以研究空气污染与儿童哮喘之间的关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "compile a report｜编写报告",
   "compile data｜汇总数据",
   "compile a list｜编制清单",
   "compile code｜编译代码"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compilation (n.)",
   "compiler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "collect",
   "assemble"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调从不同来源收集并整理，不只是写作。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "compile"
 },
 {
  "w": "vulnerable",
  "uk": "/ˈvʌlnərəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈvʌlnərəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "脆弱的；易受伤害的",
    "en": "Easily harmed, attacked, or negatively affected."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Young plants are vulnerable to frost on cold nights.",
    "zh": "幼苗在寒冷的夜晚容易遭受霜冻。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should provide additional support for vulnerable residents during periods of extreme heat.",
    "zh": "在极端高温期间，地方政府应为易受影响的居民提供额外支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vulnerable to disease｜易患病的",
   "vulnerable groups｜弱势群体",
   "feel vulnerable｜感到脆弱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vulnerability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unprotected",
   "defenceless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "invulnerable"
  ],
  "tip": "常用 vulnerable to，to 后接名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vulnerable"
 },
 {
  "w": "hectare",
  "uk": "/ˈhekteə/",
  "us": "/ˈhekter/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公顷",
    "en": "a unit of land area equal to ten thousand square metres"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their vegetable farm covers just over a hectare.",
    "zh": "他们的蔬菜农场占地略多于一公顷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring each hectare of wetland can provide valuable habitats and reduce the risk of local flooding.",
    "zh": "每修复一公顷湿地，都能提供宝贵的栖息地，并降低当地洪灾风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a hectare of land｜一公顷土地",
   "per hectare｜每公顷",
   "cover several hectares｜占地数公顷"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "公顷是面积单位；一公顷等于一万平方米。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hectare"
 },
 {
  "w": "cram",
  "uk": "/kræm/",
  "us": "/kræm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "塞满；挤入",
    "en": "To force many things or people into a small space."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "考前突击学习",
    "en": "To study intensively shortly before an examination."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She crammed three sweaters into her tiny overnight bag.",
    "zh": "她把三件毛衣硬塞进了小小的过夜旅行包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who cram for examinations may remember facts briefly but struggle to develop a deeper understanding.",
    "zh": "考前突击的学生可能暂时记住知识，却难以形成更深入的理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cram into a bag｜硬塞进包里",
   "cram a room with people｜让房间挤满人",
   "cram for an exam｜考前突击复习"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crammed (adj.)",
   "cramming (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stuff",
   "pack"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式crammed；复习考试用cram for。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cram"
 },
 {
  "w": "lofty",
  "uk": "/ˈlɒfti/",
  "us": "/ˈlɔːfti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "崇高的；雄心勃勃的",
    "en": "Aiming for morally admirable or very ambitious achievements."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "高耸的",
    "en": "Rising to a great height."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "高傲的；傲慢的",
    "en": "Showing a belief that you are better than others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She has lofty ambitions but works hard every day.",
    "zh": "她志向远大，同时每天都在努力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments often announce lofty goals for reducing inequality, but meaningful progress requires sustained investment and practical policies.",
    "zh": "政府常常宣布减少不平等的宏大目标，但实质性进展需要持续投入和切实可行的政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lofty ideals｜崇高的理想",
   "lofty ambitions｜远大的抱负",
   "lofty goals｜宏大的目标",
   "lofty ceiling｜高高的天花板"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "loftiness (n.)",
   "loftily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "elevated",
   "noble",
   "towering"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lowly"
  ],
  "tip": "修饰理想时可表赞许，也可暗示目标过高、不切实际。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lofty"
 },
 {
  "w": "render",
  "uk": "/ˈrendə/",
  "us": "/ˈrendər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使成为；使处于",
    "en": "to cause someone or something to enter a particular state"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提供；给予",
    "en": "to provide help, a service, or something needed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表现；呈现",
    "en": "to represent something in artistic or visual form"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A cracked screen rendered my old phone unusable.",
    "zh": "屏幕破裂让我的旧手机无法使用了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising sea levels could render some coastal settlements uninhabitable unless governments invest in effective flood protection.",
    "zh": "如果政府不投资建设有效的防洪设施，海平面上升可能使一些沿海聚居地不再适宜居住。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "render something useless｜使某物失去用途",
   "render assistance｜提供援助",
   "render services｜提供服务",
   "render an image｜渲染图像"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rendering (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表“使……”时常用render＋宾语＋形容词，语气正式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "render"
 },
 {
  "w": "ragged",
  "uk": "/ˈræɡɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈræɡɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "破旧的；衣衫褴褛的",
    "en": "torn and worn, or wearing clothes in this condition"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "参差不齐的；不规则的",
    "en": "having an uneven edge, outline, or pattern"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He patched the ragged sleeves of his old coat.",
    "zh": "他补好了旧外套上破破烂烂的袖子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Discarded clothing, including ragged garments, can be recycled into insulation rather than sent to landfill.",
    "zh": "废弃衣物，包括破旧衣服，可以回收制成隔热材料，而非送往垃圾填埋场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ragged clothes｜破旧的衣服",
   "ragged edges｜参差不齐的边缘",
   "ragged breathing｜不均匀的呼吸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rag (n.)",
   "raggedly (adv.)",
   "raggedness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tattered",
   "shabby"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词ragged读两个音节，结尾为/ɪd/。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ragged"
 },
 {
  "w": "notorious",
  "uk": "/nəʊˈtɔːriəs/",
  "us": "/noʊˈtɔːriəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "臭名昭著的；声名狼藉的",
    "en": "widely known for something bad or undesirable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That road is notorious for its deep potholes.",
    "zh": "那条路因坑洼很深而出了名。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities notorious for severe air pollution often struggle to attract skilled workers and develop sustainable tourism.",
    "zh": "因严重空气污染而臭名昭著的城市往往难以吸引技术人才和发展可持续旅游业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "notorious for｜因…而臭名昭著",
   "notorious as｜作为…而声名狼藉",
   "a notorious reputation｜恶名"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "notoriously (adv.)",
   "notoriety (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "infamous"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常含贬义；著名但非负面用famous，不宜用notorious。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "notorious"
 },
 {
  "w": "aimless",
  "uk": "/ˈeɪmləs/",
  "us": "/ˈeɪmləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "漫无目的的",
    "en": "having no clear purpose, plan, or direction"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent the afternoon on an aimless walk.",
    "zh": "我们整个下午都在漫无目的地散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without clear learning goals, students may engage in aimless online browsing rather than developing useful research skills.",
    "zh": "如果没有明确的学习目标，学生可能只会漫无目的地浏览网页，而非培养实用的研究技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "aimless wandering｜漫无目的的游荡",
   "aimless browsing｜漫无目的的浏览",
   "an aimless existence｜没有目标的生活"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aim (n.)",
   "aim (v.)",
   "aimlessly (adv.)",
   "aimlessness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "purposeless",
   "directionless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "purposeful"
  ],
  "tip": "aimless是形容词；修饰wander等动词用aimlessly。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aimless"
 },
 {
  "w": "lethal",
  "uk": "/ˈliːθəl/",
  "us": "/ˈliːθəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "致命的",
    "en": "able to cause death"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Some wild mushrooms contain toxins that can be lethal.",
    "zh": "有些野生蘑菇含有可能致命的毒素。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Exposure to lethal concentrations of air pollutants highlights the importance of strict industrial safety regulations.",
    "zh": "接触致命浓度的空气污染物，凸显了严格工业安全法规的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lethal dose｜致死剂量",
   "lethal weapon｜致命武器",
   "potentially lethal｜可能致命的",
   "lethal concentration｜致死浓度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lethality (n.)",
   "lethally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deadly",
   "fatal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "harmless"
  ],
  "tip": "通常作形容词；lethal 强调具有致死能力。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lethal"
 },
 {
  "w": "counterpart",
  "uk": "/ˈkaʊntəpɑːt/",
  "us": "/ˈkaʊntərpɑːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "对应的人或事物",
    "en": "Someone or something with a similar role in another setting."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our team leader met her counterpart from another branch.",
    "zh": "我们的组长见了另一家分部担任相同职务的人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban schools often have better access to specialist teachers than their rural counterparts, reinforcing educational inequality.",
    "zh": "城市学校往往比农村同类学校更容易获得专业师资，这加剧了教育不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a foreign counterpart｜国外的对等人员",
   "a rural counterpart｜农村的对应对象",
   "a digital counterpart｜数字化的对应版本"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "equivalent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调在另一地区或机构中角色相当，不是对手。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "counterpart"
 },
 {
  "w": "impede",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpiːd/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpiːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "阻碍；妨碍",
    "en": "To make movement or progress slower or more difficult."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fallen branches impeded our progress along the narrow path.",
    "zh": "掉落的树枝阻碍了我们沿着狭窄小路前进。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Limited access to reliable internet services can impede educational progress in rural communities and widen existing inequalities.",
    "zh": "难以获得可靠的互联网服务可能阻碍农村社区的教育发展，并扩大现有的不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "impede progress｜阻碍进展",
   "impede development｜阻碍发展",
   "impede movement｜妨碍移动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "impediment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hinder",
   "hamper",
   "obstruct"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "facilitate"
  ],
  "tip": "强调使进展困难或缓慢，不一定完全阻止。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "impede"
 },
 {
  "w": "pompous",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒmpəs/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːmpəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自命不凡的；浮夸的",
    "en": "acting or speaking as though more important than others"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His pompous speech made a simple dinner feel painfully formal.",
    "zh": "他那番自命不凡的讲话，让一顿普通晚餐变得拘谨难堪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public officials who use pompous language may alienate citizens rather than communicate important policies clearly and effectively.",
    "zh": "公职人员使用浮夸的语言，可能疏远民众，而非清晰有效地传达重要政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pompous speech｜浮夸的讲话",
   "pompous manner｜自命不凡的举止",
   "sound pompous｜听起来自大"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pomposity (n.)",
   "pompously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "self-important",
   "pretentious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "humble",
   "modest"
  ],
  "tip": "含贬义，重点是自命不凡，不只是外表华丽。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pompous"
 },
 {
  "w": "proposition",
  "uk": "/ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌprɑːpəˈzɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "提议；建议",
    "en": "An idea or plan offered for consideration"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "主张；命题",
    "en": "A statement that can be examined as true or false"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your proposition sounds sensible, but we need more time.",
    "zh": "你的提议听起来很合理，但我们还需要些时间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposition that smaller classes always improve learning outcomes requires careful evaluation across different educational contexts.",
    "zh": "小班教学总能改善学习效果这一主张，需要结合不同教育背景仔细评估。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a business proposition｜商业提议",
   "an attractive proposition｜有吸引力的提议",
   "support a proposition｜支持一项主张"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "propose (v.)",
   "proposal (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "proposal",
   "suggestion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作主张讲可接 that 从句；提议常用 proposal。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "proposition"
 },
 {
  "w": "quartz",
  "uk": "/kwɔːts/",
  "us": "/kwɔːrts/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "石英",
    "en": "a hard mineral common in rocks and used in electronics"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She found a piece of quartz beside the stream.",
    "zh": "她在小溪旁发现了一块石英。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Quartz crystals are used in electronic devices because their regular vibrations enable highly accurate time measurement.",
    "zh": "石英晶体被用于电子设备，因为其规律的振动能实现高度精确的时间测量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "quartz crystal｜石英晶体",
   "quartz watch｜石英表",
   "rose quartz｜粉晶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；一块石英用 a piece of quartz。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quartz"
 },
 {
  "w": "wharf",
  "uk": "/wɔːf/",
  "us": "/wɔːrf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "码头",
    "en": "A structure beside water where boats load and unload."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched fishermen unload their catch at the wharf.",
    "zh": "我们在码头看渔民卸下捕来的鱼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The old wharf has been converted into a public space, attracting visitors and supporting local businesses.",
    "zh": "旧码头已改造成公共空间，吸引游客并带动当地商业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at the wharf｜在码头",
   "a fishing wharf｜渔业码头",
   "moor at a wharf｜在码头停泊"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数可写wharves或wharfs。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wharf"
 },
 {
  "w": "uncalled-for",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈkɔːld fɔː/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈkɔːld fɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无理的；不必要的",
    "en": "Unfair, unnecessary, or inappropriate in a particular situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your uncalled-for remark upset everyone at the table.",
    "zh": "你那句无理的话让在座的每个人都很不快。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Uncalled-for criticism from teachers can discourage students from participating actively in classroom discussions.",
    "zh": "教师无端的批评可能会打击学生积极参与课堂讨论的意愿。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "uncalled-for remark｜无理的言论",
   "uncalled-for criticism｜无端的批评",
   "uncalled-for interference｜不必要的干涉"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "unwarranted",
   "unjustified"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "justified"
  ],
  "tip": "常形容批评或言论无理，不只是数量多余。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "uncalled-for"
 },
 {
  "w": "preoccupy",
  "uk": "/priˈɒkjupaɪ/",
  "us": "/priˈɑːkjupaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "占据心思；使无暇他顾",
    "en": "to fill someone's thoughts, leaving little attention for other things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Thoughts of tomorrow's interview preoccupied her throughout dinner.",
    "zh": "整个晚餐期间，她满脑子都想着明天的面试。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Concerns about housing costs increasingly preoccupy young adults, influencing their career choices and family plans.",
    "zh": "对住房成本的担忧越来越占据年轻人的心思，影响着他们的职业选择和家庭计划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be preoccupied with work｜一心想着工作",
   "preoccupy someone's mind｜占据某人的心思"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "preoccupied (adj.)",
   "preoccupation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "absorb",
   "engross"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用be preoccupied with，指心思被某事占据。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "preoccupy"
 },
 {
  "w": "vouch",
  "uk": "/vaʊtʃ/",
  "us": "/vaʊtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "担保；保证属实",
    "en": "to confirm someone is reliable or something is true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I can vouch for her excellent cooking skills.",
    "zh": "我可以保证她的厨艺非常好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent experts should examine the research methods before they vouch for the accuracy of the findings.",
    "zh": "独立专家应先审查研究方法，再为研究结果的准确性作保证。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vouch for someone｜为某人担保",
   "vouch for the accuracy of｜保证……的准确性",
   "vouch for the quality of｜保证……的质量"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "guarantee",
   "attest"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常用vouch for，不直接接担保的人或事物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vouch"
 },
 {
  "w": "jingle",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒɪŋɡəl/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒɪŋɡəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "（使）叮当响",
    "en": "To make small metal objects produce light ringing sounds."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "叮当声；广告短歌",
    "en": "A light ringing sound, or a short advertising song."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The keys jingled as she unlocked the front door.",
    "zh": "她打开前门时，钥匙叮当作响。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A memorable advertising jingle can influence consumer choices long after a campaign has ended.",
    "zh": "即使广告活动早已结束，令人难忘的广告短歌仍能影响消费者的选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "jingle your keys｜把钥匙弄得叮当响",
   "advertising jingle｜广告短歌",
   "the jingle of bells｜铃铛的叮当声"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指金属叮当声，也可指易记的广告短歌。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jingle"
 },
 {
  "w": "unify",
  "uk": "/ˈjuːnɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈjuːnɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "统一；使联合",
    "en": "To bring separate parts or groups together as one."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The neighbourhood festival helped unify our divided community.",
    "zh": "邻里节庆帮助我们这个存在隔阂的社区团结起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A shared public transport network could unify the region while improving access to employment.",
    "zh": "共享的公共交通网络既能将该地区连成一体，也能让人们更方便地获得就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unify a country｜统一国家",
   "unify different groups｜使不同群体团结",
   "a unifying force｜凝聚力量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "unification (n.)",
   "unity (n.)",
   "unified (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unite",
   "integrate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "divide",
   "separate"
  ],
  "tip": "unify强调把分散部分合成整体，可用于制度或群体。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unify"
 },
 {
  "w": "periodic",
  "uk": "/ˌpɪəriˈɒdɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌpɪriˈɑːdɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "周期性的；定期的",
    "en": "happening repeatedly, often at regular intervals"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old boiler needs periodic checks to keep working safely.",
    "zh": "这台旧锅炉需要定期检查，才能继续安全运行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Periodic assessments allow teachers to identify learning difficulties before students fall significantly behind their classmates.",
    "zh": "定期评估能让教师在学生明显落后于同学之前发现其学习困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "periodic checks｜定期检查",
   "periodic review｜定期审查",
   "periodic table｜元素周期表"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "period (n.)",
   "periodically (adv.)",
   "periodicity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "recurring"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "periodic是形容词，不是名词；副词为periodically。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "periodic"
 },
 {
  "w": "commonplace",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmənpleɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːmənpleɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "常见的；平常的",
    "en": "Happening or found often enough to seem ordinary."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "常见事物；老生常谈",
    "en": "Something ordinary, or a familiar statement lacking originality."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Electric bikes are commonplace in our neighbourhood now.",
    "zh": "电动自行车如今在我们社区很常见。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Remote working has become commonplace in many industries, changing how companies organise their offices.",
    "zh": "远程办公在许多行业已变得普遍，改变了企业安排办公空间的方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "become commonplace｜变得普遍",
   "increasingly commonplace｜越来越常见",
   "a commonplace occurrence｜常见的事情"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "ordinary",
   "common",
   "unremarkable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unusual",
   "exceptional"
  ],
  "tip": "多指常见到不足为奇，不一定含贬义。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commonplace"
 },
 {
  "w": "advantageous",
  "uk": "/ˌædvənˈteɪdʒəs/",
  "us": "/ˌædvənˈteɪdʒəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有利的；有益的",
    "en": "Giving benefits or improving the chances of success"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Booking early was advantageous because we got cheaper tickets.",
    "zh": "提前预订很划算，因为我们买到了更便宜的票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working arrangements can be advantageous to employers by improving staff satisfaction and reducing employee turnover.",
    "zh": "灵活的工作安排能提高员工满意度、减少人员流失，从而使雇主受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "advantageous to someone｜对某人有利",
   "mutually advantageous｜互惠互利的",
   "advantageous position｜有利地位"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "advantage (n.)",
   "disadvantage (n.)",
   "disadvantageous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "beneficial",
   "favourable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disadvantageous",
   "unfavourable"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be advantageous to sb表示对某人有利。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "advantageous"
 },
 {
  "w": "merciful",
  "uk": "/ˈmɜːsɪfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɝːsɪfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "仁慈的；宽大的",
    "en": "Showing kindness by choosing not to punish or hurt someone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "带来解脱的",
    "en": "Providing welcome relief from suffering or discomfort."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The merciful coach forgave my mistake during practice.",
    "zh": "训练时，宽厚的教练原谅了我的失误。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A merciful justice system should offer young offenders opportunities for rehabilitation rather than relying solely on punishment.",
    "zh": "仁慈的司法制度应给予年轻违法者改过自新的机会，而不是仅仅依靠惩罚。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be merciful to someone｜对某人仁慈",
   "a merciful judge｜宽大的法官",
   "a merciful release｜令人解脱的结束"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mercy (n.)",
   "mercifully (adv.)",
   "merciless (adj.)",
   "mercilessly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "compassionate",
   "lenient"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "merciless",
   "cruel"
  ],
  "tip": "对某人仁慈用be merciful to someone。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "merciful"
 },
 {
  "w": "Orthodox",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːθədɒks/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːrθədɑːks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "东正教的",
    "en": "relating to the Eastern Orthodox Christian churches"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "犹太教正统派的",
    "en": "following traditional Jewish religious laws and practices"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We visited an Orthodox church with beautiful painted icons.",
    "zh": "我们参观了一座装饰着精美圣像画的东正教教堂。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving Orthodox churches can protect architectural heritage while helping visitors understand the religious traditions of local communities.",
    "zh": "保护东正教教堂既能保存建筑遗产，也能帮助游客了解当地社区的宗教传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Orthodox Church｜东正教会",
   "Orthodox Christianity｜东正教",
   "Orthodox Judaism｜犹太教正统派"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "orthodoxy (n.)",
   "unorthodox (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "大写常指宗教派别；小写orthodox可指正统的、传统的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "orthodox"
 },
 {
  "w": "preacher",
  "uk": "/ˈpriːtʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈpriːtʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "传教者；布道者",
    "en": "someone who gives public talks about religious beliefs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "某种观念的鼓吹者",
    "en": "someone who strongly promotes particular beliefs or behaviour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The preacher welcomed everyone before beginning his Sunday talk.",
    "zh": "布道者在开始周日讲道前欢迎了所有人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A local preacher encouraged residents to support families affected by unemployment through practical community projects.",
    "zh": "一位当地布道者鼓励居民通过切实的社区项目帮助受失业影响的家庭。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a local preacher｜当地布道者",
   "a street preacher｜街头传教者",
   "a preacher of peace｜和平的倡导者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "preach (v.)",
   "preaching (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "preacher侧重讲道，missionary侧重传播宗教。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "preacher"
 },
 {
  "w": "stationary",
  "uk": "/ˈsteɪʃənəri/",
  "us": "/ˈsteɪʃəneri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "静止的；不移动的",
    "en": "Not moving or changing position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our bus remained stationary while passengers climbed aboard.",
    "zh": "乘客上车时，我们的公交车一直停着没动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stationary vehicles with running engines contribute to urban air pollution without providing any transport benefit.",
    "zh": "停着却未熄火的车辆加剧了城市空气污染，却没有发挥任何运输作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remain stationary｜保持静止",
   "a stationary vehicle｜静止的车辆",
   "a stationary bike｜健身单车"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "motionless",
   "immobile"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "moving"
  ],
  "tip": "stationary指静止的；stationery指文具，读音相同。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stationary"
 },
 {
  "w": "inclined",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈklaɪnd/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈklaɪnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "倾向于的；愿意的",
    "en": "Likely or willing to think or act a certain way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "倾斜的",
    "en": "Sloping rather than horizontal or vertical."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'm inclined to stay home and cook tonight.",
    "zh": "今晚我更想待在家里做饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers may be more inclined to repair appliances when affordable local repair services are readily available.",
    "zh": "如果附近有价格实惠、方便使用的维修服务，消费者可能更愿意修理家电。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be inclined to agree｜倾向于同意",
   "feel inclined to｜想要做",
   "an inclined plane｜斜面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "incline (v.)",
   "inclination (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disposed",
   "willing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disinclined"
  ],
  "tip": "be inclined to后接动词原形，表示倾向或意愿。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inclined"
 },
 {
  "w": "sovereignty",
  "uk": "/ˈsɒvrənti/",
  "us": "/ˈsɑːvrənti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "主权；最高统治权",
    "en": "A country's independent authority to govern itself."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We discussed national sovereignty in our history class today.",
    "zh": "今天我们在历史课上讨论了国家主权。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International agreements can promote cooperation while respecting the sovereignty of each country involved.",
    "zh": "国际协议可以在尊重各参与国主权的同时促进合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "national sovereignty｜国家主权",
   "territorial sovereignty｜领土主权",
   "respect sovereignty｜尊重主权",
   "exercise sovereignty｜行使主权"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sovereign (adj.)",
   "sovereign (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；对某领土的主权用over连接。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sovereignty"
 },
 {
  "w": "simulate",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪmjuleɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪmjəleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "模拟",
    "en": "To reproduce conditions or processes for testing, training, or study."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "假装；装出",
    "en": "To pretend to have a feeling or condition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This driving game simulates icy roads surprisingly well.",
    "zh": "这款驾驶游戏把结冰路面模拟得出奇逼真。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers simulate extreme weather conditions to assess how new building materials perform under environmental stress.",
    "zh": "研究人员模拟极端天气条件，以评估新型建筑材料在环境压力下的表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "simulate conditions｜模拟条件",
   "simulate an emergency｜模拟紧急情况",
   "simulate the effects of｜模拟……的影响"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "simulation (n.)",
   "simulator (n.)",
   "simulated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "imitate",
   "replicate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "模拟环境用simulate；刺激发展用stimulate。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "simulate"
 },
 {
  "w": "indent",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdent/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "将行首缩进",
    "en": "to start a line further inward than the surrounding lines"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使凹入；使成凹痕",
    "en": "to make a hollow or notch in a surface"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please indent the first line of each new paragraph.",
    "zh": "请将每个新段落的首行缩进。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should learn to indent paragraphs consistently when formatting formal reports for their university courses.",
    "zh": "学生应学会在排版大学课程正式报告时，统一设置段落缩进。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "indent a paragraph｜缩进段落",
   "indent the first line｜缩进首行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "indentation (n.)",
   "indented (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指行首向内移动，不是把整行内容缩短。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indent"
 },
 {
  "w": "ideology",
  "uk": "/ˌaɪdiˈɒlədʒi/",
  "us": "/ˌaɪdiˈɑːlədʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意识形态；思想体系",
    "en": "a system of beliefs shaping political or social views"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their political ideology shapes how they discuss everyday problems.",
    "zh": "他们的政治理念影响着他们讨论日常问题的方式。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Educational policies often reflect the ideology of those in power rather than the needs of learners.",
    "zh": "教育政策往往体现当权者的思想理念，而非学习者的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "political ideology｜政治意识形态",
   "dominant ideology｜主导思想体系",
   "share an ideology｜持有共同理念"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ideological (adj.)",
   "ideologically (adv.)",
   "ideologue (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指成体系的社会或政治观念，不是单个想法。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ideology"
 },
 {
  "w": "taboo",
  "uk": "/təˈbuː/",
  "us": "/təˈbuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "禁忌",
    "en": "a social rule against discussing or doing something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "禁忌的；忌讳的",
    "en": "considered unacceptable to discuss or do within a particular group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Discussing salaries remains a taboo in our office.",
    "zh": "在我们办公室，讨论薪资仍是禁忌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public education can challenge the taboo surrounding mental illness and encourage more people to seek support.",
    "zh": "公众教育可以挑战围绕精神疾病的禁忌，鼓励更多人寻求支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "break a taboo｜打破禁忌",
   "a taboo subject｜忌讳的话题",
   "a taboo against｜对……的禁忌"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词指禁忌；形容词可说a taboo subject。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "taboo"
 },
 {
  "w": "fortify",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːtɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrtɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "加固；加强防御",
    "en": "to strengthen a place or structure against attack or damage"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "增强体力或信心",
    "en": "to make someone physically or mentally stronger"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给食品添加营养素",
    "en": "to add nutrients to food to improve its nutritional value"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We used sandbags to fortify the wall before the storm.",
    "zh": "暴风雨来临前，我们用沙袋加固了那道墙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Manufacturers can fortify staple foods with essential vitamins to help prevent nutritional deficiencies in vulnerable populations.",
    "zh": "生产商可以在主食中添加必需维生素，帮助预防易受影响人群的营养缺乏问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fortify coastal defences｜加强海岸防御",
   "fortify food with vitamins｜给食品添加维生素",
   "fortify yourself against｜增强自身力量以抵御"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fortification (n.)",
   "fortified (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "strengthen",
   "reinforce"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "weaken"
  ],
  "tip": "fortify A with B：用B增强A。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fortify"
 },
 {
  "w": "trench",
  "uk": "/trentʃ/",
  "us": "/trentʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "沟；壕沟；战壕",
    "en": "A long, narrow ditch dug in the ground."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海沟",
    "en": "A long, narrow, very deep valley on the ocean floor."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Workers dug a trench to repair the broken pipe.",
    "zh": "工人们挖了一条沟来修理破裂的管道。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before laying underground cables, engineers must ensure that each trench is stable and safe for workers.",
    "zh": "铺设地下电缆之前，工程师必须确保每条沟槽稳固，并保障工人安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dig a trench｜挖沟",
   "deep trench｜深沟",
   "ocean trench｜海沟",
   "trench warfare｜堑壕战"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "ditch"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "地面上的trench是沟或战壕，海底的则是海沟。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trench"
 },
 {
  "w": "incinerator",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈsɪnəreɪtə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈsɪnəreɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "焚烧炉",
    "en": "A machine or structure that burns waste at high temperatures"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hospital sends certain waste to a special incinerator.",
    "zh": "医院将某些废物送往专用焚烧炉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern incinerators can generate electricity from waste, but their emissions require strict monitoring to protect public health.",
    "zh": "现代焚烧炉可以利用废物发电，但其排放需要严格监测，以保护公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "waste incinerator｜垃圾焚烧炉",
   "industrial incinerator｜工业焚烧炉",
   "incinerator emissions｜焚烧炉排放物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "incinerate (v.)",
   "incineration (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指废物焚烧炉；火葬场用crematorium。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "incinerator"
 },
 {
  "w": "supreme",
  "uk": "/suːˈpriːm/",
  "us": "/suːˈpriːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最高的；至高无上的",
    "en": "highest in rank, authority, or importance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极大的；极度的",
    "en": "of the greatest possible degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The council has supreme authority over the island.",
    "zh": "该委员会对这座岛拥有最高权力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In many countries, the supreme court can review whether new legislation complies with the constitution.",
    "zh": "在许多国家，最高法院可以审查新法律是否符合宪法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "supreme court｜最高法院",
   "supreme authority｜最高权力",
   "supreme confidence｜十足的信心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "supremely (adv.)",
   "supremacy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "highest",
   "ultimate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "本身含“最高”之意，通常不用比较级或最高级。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "supreme"
 },
 {
  "w": "boldness",
  "uk": "/ˈbəʊldnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈboʊldnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大胆；勇气",
    "en": "confidence and willingness to take risks or challenge expectations"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "醒目；鲜明",
    "en": "the quality of being visually strong and noticeable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her boldness impressed everyone when she volunteered to lead.",
    "zh": "她自告奋勇担任领队时展现的勇气给大家留下了深刻印象。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Addressing climate change requires political boldness, particularly when necessary reforms may initially attract limited public support.",
    "zh": "应对气候变化需要政治勇气，尤其是在必要的改革起初可能缺乏公众支持时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "show boldness｜展现勇气",
   "political boldness｜政治勇气",
   "the boldness of the colours｜色彩的鲜明"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bold (adj.)",
   "boldly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "courage",
   "daring"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "timidity"
  ],
  "tip": "可指行动大胆，也可指设计或色彩醒目。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "boldness"
 },
 {
  "w": "analytic",
  "uk": "/ˌænəˈlɪtɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌænəˈlɪtɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "分析的；善于分析的",
    "en": "using careful examination of details to understand something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her analytic approach helped us understand our monthly spending.",
    "zh": "她采用分析方法，帮助我们了解每月的开支。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should develop students' analytic skills so they can evaluate evidence and recognise weaknesses in public arguments.",
    "zh": "学校应培养学生的分析能力，使他们能够评估证据并识别公共论辩中的漏洞。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "analytic approach｜分析方法",
   "analytic skills｜分析能力",
   "analytic framework｜分析框架"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "analyse (v.)",
   "analysis (n.)",
   "analytical (adj.)",
   "analytically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "analytical"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与analytical意思接近；日常描述分析能力更常用后者。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "analytic"
 },
 {
  "w": "discrepancy",
  "uk": "/dɪˈskrepənsi/",
  "us": "/dɪˈskrepənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不一致；差异",
    "en": "A difference between things that should match."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We noticed a discrepancy between the two shopping receipts.",
    "zh": "我们发现两张购物小票上的内容不一致。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The discrepancy between official figures and survey results raises concerns about the accuracy of employment statistics.",
    "zh": "官方数据与调查结果的差异引发了人们对就业统计准确性的担忧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a discrepancy between｜……之间的差异",
   "a significant discrepancy｜显著差异",
   "explain a discrepancy｜解释差异"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "inconsistency",
   "mismatch"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "agreement",
   "consistency"
  ],
  "tip": "常指本应一致却不符，搭配 between 或 in。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "discrepancy"
 },
 {
  "w": "amplification",
  "uk": "/ˌæmplɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌæmplɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "声音或信号的放大",
    "en": "the process of making a sound or signal stronger"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "扩大；增强",
    "en": "an increase in the strength or effect of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Without amplification, nobody could hear the singer outside.",
    "zh": "没有扩音设备，外面的人谁也听不到歌手的声音。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The amplification of misleading claims through social media can undermine public trust in scientific research.",
    "zh": "误导性言论通过社交媒体被放大，可能削弱公众对科学研究的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sound amplification｜扩音",
   "signal amplification｜信号放大",
   "amplification equipment｜扩音设备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "amplify (v.)",
   "amplifier (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指声音、信号的增强，也可指影响被放大。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amplification"
 },
 {
  "w": "precedence",
  "uk": "/ˈpresɪdəns/",
  "us": "/ˈpresɪdəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "优先地位；优先权",
    "en": "Greater importance that gives someone or something priority over others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "At home, homework takes precedence over video games.",
    "zh": "在家里，做作业优先于玩电子游戏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public safety should take precedence over commercial interests when governments develop regulations for new transport technologies.",
    "zh": "政府为新的交通技术制定法规时，应将公共安全置于商业利益之上。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take precedence over｜优先于",
   "give precedence to｜优先考虑",
   "have precedence over｜比……有优先权"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "priority"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用take precedence over，表示优先于。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "precedence"
 },
 {
  "w": "resonance",
  "uk": "/ˈrezənəns/",
  "us": "/ˈrezənəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "共鸣；情感上的呼应",
    "en": "The power to evoke shared feelings, memories, or understanding."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "声音的洪亮；回响",
    "en": "The deep, full quality of a sound."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "共振",
    "en": "Stronger vibration caused by matching an object's natural frequency."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That old song has special resonance for my grandparents.",
    "zh": "那首老歌特别能引起我祖父母的共鸣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stories about migration often have emotional resonance for readers whose families have experienced similar journeys and challenges.",
    "zh": "对于家人经历过类似旅程和挑战的读者，移民故事往往能引发情感共鸣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "emotional resonance｜情感共鸣",
   "cultural resonance｜文化共鸣",
   "magnetic resonance｜磁共振"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "resonate (v.)",
   "resonant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "情感义常用have resonance for；物理义指共振。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resonance"
 },
 {
  "w": "apologetic",
  "uk": "/əˌpɒləˈdʒetɪk/",
  "us": "/əˌpɑːləˈdʒetɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "表示歉意的；愧疚的",
    "en": "Showing that you are sorry for something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She gave an apologetic smile after spilling my tea.",
    "zh": "她打翻我的茶后，露出了歉意的微笑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An apologetic response to customer complaints is helpful, but companies must also address the underlying problems.",
    "zh": "以歉意回应顾客投诉是有帮助的，但企业也必须解决根本问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an apologetic smile｜歉意的微笑",
   "an apologetic tone｜抱歉的语气",
   "apologetic about｜对……感到抱歉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "apology (n.)",
   "apologise (v.)",
   "apologetically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sorry",
   "regretful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unapologetic"
  ],
  "tip": "常接about或for说明歉意的缘由。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "apologetic"
 },
 {
  "w": "stoop",
  "uk": "/stuːp/",
  "us": "/stuːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弯腰；俯身",
    "en": "to bend your upper body forward and downward"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "自降身份做卑劣事",
    "en": "to do something dishonest or morally wrong"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "驼背；佝偻姿态",
    "en": "a posture with the shoulders and upper back bent forward"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She stooped to pick up the fallen orange.",
    "zh": "她弯腰捡起掉落的橙子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies should not stoop to misleading advertising merely to increase sales in an increasingly competitive market.",
    "zh": "企业不应仅为在竞争日益激烈的市场中提高销量，就不择手段地发布误导性广告。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stoop to pick something up｜弯腰捡东西",
   "stoop to deception｜卑劣到行骗",
   "walk with a stoop｜佝偻着走路"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "stoop to doing表示不惜做卑劣之事，to为介词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stoop"
 },
 {
  "w": "postmortem",
  "uk": "/ˌpəʊstˈmɔːtəm/",
  "us": "/ˌpoʊstˈmɔːrtəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尸体检验；验尸",
    "en": "a medical examination of a body to determine death's cause"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "事后分析；复盘",
    "en": "an examination of a completed event, especially an unsuccessful one"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "死后的",
    "en": "happening or performed after death"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our team held a postmortem after the disappointing match.",
    "zh": "比赛结果令人失望，赛后我们队进行了复盘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A postmortem can provide crucial evidence about the cause of death and help improve public health monitoring.",
    "zh": "尸体检验能提供有关死因的关键证据，并帮助改善公共卫生监测。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conduct a postmortem｜进行尸检",
   "postmortem examination｜尸体检验",
   "postmortem analysis｜事后分析"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也常写post-mortem；可比喻赛后或项目复盘。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "postmortem"
 },
 {
  "w": "certify",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːtɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːtɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "正式证明；认证",
    "en": "to confirm officially that something is true or meets standards"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An engineer certified that our new boiler was safe.",
    "zh": "一位工程师正式确认我们的新锅炉是安全的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent organisations certify that certain products meet environmental standards, helping consumers make more informed purchasing decisions.",
    "zh": "独立机构认证某些产品符合环保标准，帮助消费者作出更明智的购买决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "certify that｜正式证明……",
   "certify as safe｜认证为安全",
   "certified organic｜经认证的有机产品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "certificate (n.)",
   "certification (n.)",
   "certified (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "verify",
   "confirm"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调正式或权威证明，常用certify that从句。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "certify"
 },
 {
  "w": "heighten",
  "uk": "/ˈhaɪtən/",
  "us": "/ˈhaɪtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "增强；加剧",
    "en": "to become stronger or make a feeling or effect stronger"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sudden silence only heightened my curiosity about the surprise.",
    "zh": "突然安静下来，反而让我更好奇会有什么惊喜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Repeated droughts may heighten public concern about water shortages and encourage governments to invest in conservation.",
    "zh": "反复发生的干旱可能加深公众对缺水的担忧，并促使政府投入资金保护水资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heighten awareness｜提高意识",
   "heighten tension｜加剧紧张",
   "heighten concern｜加深担忧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "height (n.)",
   "high (adj.)",
   "heightened (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "intensify",
   "increase"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reduce",
   "lessen"
  ],
  "tip": "多用于情绪、意识或效果增强，不常指身高增长。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "heighten"
 },
 {
  "w": "advocate",
  "uk": "/ˈædvəkeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈædvəkeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提倡；主张",
    "en": "To publicly support a policy, idea, or course of action."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "倡导者；支持者",
    "en": "Someone who publicly supports a cause or policy."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours advocate planting more trees along the street.",
    "zh": "我们的邻居主张在街边多种些树。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many health professionals advocate regular physical activity as an affordable way to prevent chronic disease.",
    "zh": "许多医疗专业人士提倡定期运动，认为这是预防慢性病的一种经济实惠的方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "advocate reform｜提倡改革",
   "advocate doing something｜主张做某事",
   "a strong advocate of｜……的坚定支持者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "advocacy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "support",
   "champion"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "oppose"
  ],
  "tip": "名词末尾读/kət/；动词可接动名词，不接to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "advocate"
 },
 {
  "w": "tigress",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪɡrəs/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪɡrəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雌虎；母虎",
    "en": "An adult female tiger."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tigress rested beside her cubs in the shade.",
    "zh": "母虎在树荫下挨着幼崽休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting the habitat of a tigress and her cubs can help maintain a healthy tiger population.",
    "zh": "保护母虎及其幼崽的栖息地有助于维持健康的老虎种群。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tigress and her cubs｜母虎和它的幼崽",
   "a wild tigress｜野生雌虎"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tiger (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "tigress专指雌虎；tiger可泛指老虎，不一定是雄虎。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tigress"
 },
 {
  "w": "aptitude",
  "uk": "/ˈæptɪtjuːd/",
  "us": "/ˈæptɪtuːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天资；天赋",
    "en": "A natural ability to learn or do something well"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leila showed an aptitude for music at school.",
    "zh": "莱拉在学校里展现出了音乐天赋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should recognise practical aptitude as well as academic achievement when advising students about careers.",
    "zh": "学校在为学生提供职业建议时，既应重视学业成绩，也应认可实践方面的天赋。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an aptitude for languages｜语言天赋",
   "aptitude test｜能力倾向测试",
   "show an aptitude for｜展现出某方面的天赋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "apt (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "talent",
   "gift",
   "ability"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用aptitude for，后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aptitude"
 },
 {
  "w": "humiliate",
  "uk": "/hjuːˈmɪlieɪt/",
  "us": "/hjuːˈmɪlieɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "羞辱；使丢脸",
    "en": "to make someone feel deeply ashamed or foolish"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't humiliate me in front of my friends.",
    "zh": "请别让我在朋友面前丢脸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should correct mistakes constructively rather than humiliate students who struggle with difficult tasks.",
    "zh": "教师应以建设性的方式纠正错误，而不是羞辱那些难以完成复杂任务的学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "humiliate someone publicly｜公开羞辱某人",
   "feel humiliated｜感到受辱",
   "deeply humiliating｜极其丢脸的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "humiliation (n.)",
   "humiliating (adj.)",
   "humiliated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shame",
   "embarrass"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比embarrass语气更重，强调受辱和尊严受损。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "humiliate"
 },
 {
  "w": "scrutiny",
  "uk": "/ˈskruːtɪni/",
  "us": "/ˈskruːtəni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "仔细审查；详细检查",
    "en": "Careful examination of something, especially to find faults or problems."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The jeweller examined the ring with intense scrutiny.",
    "zh": "珠宝商极其仔细地检查了那枚戒指。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public spending should be subject to independent scrutiny to ensure that resources are used efficiently and fairly.",
    "zh": "公共支出应接受独立审查，以确保资源得到高效且公平的使用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "under scrutiny｜受到审查",
   "close scrutiny｜仔细审查",
   "public scrutiny｜公众监督",
   "subject to scrutiny｜接受审查"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scrutinise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "examination",
   "inspection"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；under scrutiny表示受到严格审查。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scrutiny"
 },
 {
  "w": "amphibian",
  "uk": "/æmˈfɪbiən/",
  "us": "/æmˈfɪbiən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "两栖动物",
    "en": "an animal, such as a frog, living in water and on land"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水陆两用交通工具",
    "en": "a vehicle or aircraft able to operate on land and water"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spotted a small amphibian beside the garden pond.",
    "zh": "我们在花园池塘边发现了一只小型两栖动物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Declining amphibian populations may indicate changes in water quality and wider damage to freshwater ecosystems.",
    "zh": "两栖动物数量下降可能表明水质变化以及淡水生态系统受到更广泛的破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "amphibian species｜两栖动物物种",
   "amphibian populations｜两栖动物种群",
   "amphibian conservation｜两栖动物保护"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "amphibious (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动物名词用amphibian；两栖的常用amphibious。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amphibian"
 },
 {
  "w": "reinforcement",
  "uk": "/ˌriːɪnˈfɔːsmənt/",
  "us": "/ˌriːɪnˈfɔːrsmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "加强；加固",
    "en": "The process of making something stronger or more effective."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "强化；行为强化",
    "en": "Encouragement that makes a behaviour more likely to happen again."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "增援人员；援军",
    "en": "Extra people sent to support an existing group or force."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old garden wall needs reinforcement before winter arrives.",
    "zh": "花园的旧围墙需要在冬天到来前加固。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Positive reinforcement can encourage children to develop healthy habits without relying on punishment.",
    "zh": "正向强化可以鼓励儿童养成健康习惯，而不必依靠惩罚。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "positive reinforcement｜正向强化",
   "structural reinforcement｜结构加固",
   "send reinforcements｜派遣增援人员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reinforce (v.)",
   "reinforced (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "strengthening"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示援军、增援人员时通常用复数reinforcements。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reinforcement"
 },
 {
  "w": "fabricate",
  "uk": "/ˈfæbrɪkeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈfæbrɪkeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "捏造；伪造",
    "en": "To invent false information in order to deceive"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "制造；装配",
    "en": "To make a product or structure from separate materials"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He fabricated an excuse for missing the family dinner.",
    "zh": "他编了个借口，解释自己为什么没来参加家庭聚餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers who fabricate evidence undermine public trust in science and may influence important policy decisions.",
    "zh": "捏造证据的研究人员会损害公众对科学的信任，并可能影响重要的政策决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fabricate evidence｜伪造证据",
   "fabricate a story｜编造故事",
   "fabricate an excuse｜捏造借口",
   "fabricate components｜制造零部件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fabrication (n.)",
   "fabricated (adj.)",
   "fabricator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "invent",
   "manufacture"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指捏造信息，也可指工业制造，须看宾语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fabricate"
 },
 {
  "w": "sorrowful",
  "uk": "/ˈsɒrəʊfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsɑːroʊfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "悲伤的；令人悲伤的",
    "en": "Feeling, showing, or causing deep sadness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She gave a sorrowful smile as the train departed.",
    "zh": "火车驶离时，她露出一丝悲伤的微笑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The film presents a sorrowful portrait of families separated by migration and economic hardship.",
    "zh": "这部电影描绘了因迁移和经济困境而分离的家庭，令人悲伤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sorrowful expression｜悲伤的表情",
   "sorrowful voice｜悲伤的声音",
   "sorrowful farewell｜伤感的告别"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sorrow (n.)",
   "sorrowfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sad",
   "unhappy",
   "mournful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "joyful",
   "cheerful"
  ],
  "tip": "比sad更正式，常用于表情、声音或告别。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sorrowful"
 },
 {
  "w": "overextend",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvərɪkˈstend/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvərɪkˈstend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使承担过多；过度扩张",
    "en": "to commit more money or effort than can be managed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Don't overextend yourself by joining every club at school.",
    "zh": "别把学校所有社团都参加一遍，让自己忙不过来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses may overextend themselves financially when they expand rapidly without assessing future demand.",
    "zh": "小企业若不评估未来需求就迅速扩张，可能会超出自身的财务承受能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "overextend yourself｜使自己负担过重",
   "overextend financially｜在财务上超出承受能力",
   "overextend resources｜过度耗用资源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "overextension (n.)",
   "extend (v.)",
   "extension (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "overburden",
   "overstretch"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用 overextend oneself，指承担超出能力的任务或开支。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overextend"
 },
 {
  "w": "sportsmanship",
  "uk": "/ˈspɔːtsmənʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈspɔːrtsmənʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体育精神；运动家风度",
    "en": "Fair and respectful behaviour towards opponents in sport"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Helping her opponent up showed real sportsmanship.",
    "zh": "她扶起对手，展现了真正的体育精神。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School competitions should reward sportsmanship as well as achievement to encourage respect and cooperation among students.",
    "zh": "学校竞赛应在奖励成绩的同时奖励体育精神，以鼓励学生相互尊重与合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "good sportsmanship｜良好的体育精神",
   "show sportsmanship｜展现体育精神",
   "poor sportsmanship｜缺乏运动家风度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sportsman (n.)",
   "sportswoman (n.)",
   "sportsmanlike (adj.)",
   "unsportsmanlike (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fair play"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词，强调公平与尊重，而非运动技术。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sportsmanship"
 },
 {
  "w": "deviation",
  "uk": "/ˌdiːviˈeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdiːviˈeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "偏离；背离",
    "en": "a departure from an expected route, rule, or behaviour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "偏差",
    "en": "the difference between a measurement and a reference value"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small deviation from our route revealed a quiet beach.",
    "zh": "我们稍稍偏离原定路线，发现了一片安静的海滩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Any significant deviation from established safety procedures should be investigated to prevent accidents in the workplace.",
    "zh": "任何严重偏离既定安全程序的行为都应得到调查，以防止工作场所事故。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deviation from the norm｜偏离常态",
   "standard deviation｜标准差",
   "significant deviation｜显著偏差"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deviate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "departure",
   "divergence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用 deviation from；standard deviation 是“标准差”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deviation"
 },
 {
  "w": "optics",
  "uk": "/ˈɒptɪks/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːptɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "光学",
    "en": "The scientific study of light and how it behaves"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We explored optics by shining a torch through a prism.",
    "zh": "我们用手电筒照射棱镜，探索光学现象。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in optics have improved medical imaging, allowing doctors to examine internal structures in greater detail.",
    "zh": "光学的进步改善了医学成像，使医生能够更细致地观察内部结构。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "geometrical optics｜几何光学",
   "physical optics｜物理光学",
   "fibre optics｜光纤技术"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "optical (adj.)",
   "optically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示光学这门学科时，虽以s结尾仍接单数谓语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "optics"
 },
 {
  "w": "snowbound",
  "uk": "/ˈsnəʊbaʊnd/",
  "us": "/ˈsnoʊbaʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "被雪困住的；雪阻的",
    "en": "Unable to travel or be reached because of heavy snow."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stayed in a snowbound cabin for three days.",
    "zh": "我们在一间被大雪围困的小屋里待了三天。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Emergency services delivered food and medicine to snowbound villages after unusually heavy winter storms.",
    "zh": "异常猛烈的冬季暴风雪过后，应急部门向被雪围困的村庄运送了食品和药品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a snowbound village｜被雪围困的村庄",
   "snowbound travellers｜被雪困住的旅客",
   "remain snowbound｜仍被雪困住"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "snow (n.)",
   "snowy (adj.)",
   "snowfall (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调积雪阻碍出行，不只是“覆盖着雪”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "snowbound"
 },
 {
  "w": "oversight",
  "uk": "/ˈəʊvəsaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊvərsaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疏忽；遗漏",
    "en": "A mistake caused by failing to notice or consider something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "监督；监管",
    "en": "Responsibility for checking that activities are managed correctly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Through an oversight, I left your lunch at home.",
    "zh": "由于一时疏忽，我把你的午餐落在家里了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent oversight of public spending can reduce corruption and strengthen citizens' confidence in government institutions.",
    "zh": "对公共支出进行独立监督可以减少腐败，并增强公民对政府机构的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an unfortunate oversight｜令人遗憾的疏忽",
   "by an oversight｜由于疏忽",
   "independent oversight｜独立监督",
   "regulatory oversight｜监管"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "oversee (v.)",
   "overseer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作“疏忽”通常可数；作“监督”通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oversight"
 },
 {
  "w": "kerosene",
  "uk": "/ˈkerəsiːn/",
  "us": "/ˈkerəsiːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "煤油",
    "en": "An oil used as fuel for lamps, heaters, and aircraft."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought kerosene for the old lamp at the cabin.",
    "zh": "我们买了煤油，给小屋里的旧油灯用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing kerosene lamps with solar lighting can reduce indoor air pollution in communities without reliable electricity.",
    "zh": "在供电不稳定的社区，用太阳能灯替代煤油灯可以减少室内空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "kerosene lamp｜煤油灯",
   "kerosene heater｜煤油取暖器",
   "aviation kerosene｜航空煤油"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "paraffin"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；英式日常用语也常称paraffin。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kerosene"
 },
 {
  "w": "temporal",
  "uk": "/ˈtempərəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtempərəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "时间的",
    "en": "Relating to time or the order of events."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "世俗的；非宗教的",
    "en": "Relating to worldly affairs rather than spiritual matters."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "颞部的",
    "en": "Relating to the sides of the head near the temples."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We arranged the family photos in temporal order.",
    "zh": "我们把家庭照片按时间顺序排列。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Understanding temporal patterns in electricity demand can help cities manage their energy supplies more efficiently.",
    "zh": "了解用电需求随时间变化的规律，有助于城市更高效地管理能源供应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "temporal order｜时间顺序",
   "temporal variation｜时间变化",
   "temporal power｜世俗权力",
   "temporal lobe｜颞叶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "temporally (adv.)",
   "temporality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "temporal指时间的；temporary才表示暂时的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "temporal"
 },
 {
  "w": "redundant",
  "uk": "/rɪˈdʌndənt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈdʌndənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多余的；不必要的",
    "en": "unnecessary because it is no longer needed or repeats something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "因岗位取消而被裁的",
    "en": "having lost a job because the employer no longer needs it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This spare cable is redundant now we use wireless speakers.",
    "zh": "既然我们用无线音箱了，这根备用线就多余了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Factory workers may be made redundant when automated systems take over tasks previously performed by people.",
    "zh": "当自动化系统接手原先由人完成的任务时，工厂工人可能会被裁员。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make someone redundant｜裁掉某人",
   "redundant information｜多余信息",
   "become redundant｜变得不再需要"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "redundancy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unnecessary",
   "superfluous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "necessary",
   "essential"
  ],
  "tip": "英式英语中be made redundant指岗位取消而被裁员。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "redundant"
 },
 {
  "w": "righteous",
  "uk": "/ˈraɪtʃəs/",
  "us": "/ˈraɪtʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "正直的；正义的",
    "en": "morally right or acting according to strong moral principles"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "义愤的；自以为正当的",
    "en": "arising from a belief that you are morally right"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She believed returning the wallet was the righteous choice.",
    "zh": "她认为归还钱包才是正直的选择。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Righteous anger at social injustice can encourage citizens to demand meaningful changes in public policy.",
    "zh": "对社会不公的义愤可以促使公民要求公共政策作出实质性改变。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "righteous anger｜义愤",
   "righteous indignation｜义愤",
   "a righteous cause｜正义的事业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "righteously (adv.)",
   "righteousness (n.)",
   "unrighteous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "virtuous",
   "upright"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unrighteous",
   "immoral"
  ],
  "tip": "语气较庄重；self-righteous指自以为正直。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "righteous"
 },
 {
  "w": "lenient",
  "uk": "/ˈliːniənt/",
  "us": "/ˈliːniənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "宽大的；不严厉的",
    "en": "less strict or severe when enforcing rules or giving punishment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher was lenient when I submitted homework late.",
    "zh": "我迟交作业时，老师宽容地处理了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some argue that lenient penalties for illegal dumping fail to discourage companies from damaging the environment.",
    "zh": "有人认为，对非法倾倒垃圾的宽松处罚无法阻止企业破坏环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lenient with someone｜对某人宽容",
   "a lenient sentence｜从轻的判刑",
   "lenient treatment｜宽大处理"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "leniency (n.)",
   "leniently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tolerant",
   "permissive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "strict",
   "harsh"
  ],
  "tip": "对人宽容用lenient with；常涉及规则或处罚。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lenient"
 },
 {
  "w": "oblong",
  "uk": "/ˈɒblɒŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːblɔːŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "长方形的",
    "en": "having a rectangular shape with unequal adjacent sides"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "长方形",
    "en": "a rectangle with two sides longer than the other two"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She served the sandwiches on an oblong wooden plate.",
    "zh": "她用一个长方形木盘盛三明治。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The architect chose an oblong layout to maximise usable space within the small community centre.",
    "zh": "建筑师选择了长方形布局，以最大限度地利用这个小型社区中心的空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "oblong table｜长方形桌子",
   "oblong shape｜长方形",
   "oblong tray｜长方形托盘"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "rectangular"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调长宽不等的长方形；不指正方形。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oblong"
 },
 {
  "w": "jeopardise",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒepədaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒepərdaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "危及；损害",
    "en": "To put something at risk of harm, loss, or failure."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Skipping practice could jeopardise your place on the team.",
    "zh": "缺席训练可能会危及你在队中的位置。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing investment in public transport could jeopardise efforts to cut urban air pollution and traffic congestion.",
    "zh": "减少公共交通投资可能会妨碍减少城市空气污染和交通拥堵的努力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "jeopardise safety｜危及安全",
   "jeopardise a career｜损害职业前途",
   "jeopardise chances｜损害成功机会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jeopardy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "endanger",
   "imperil"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "safeguard"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接宾语；美式通常拼作jeopardize。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jeopardise"
 },
 {
  "w": "fluctuate",
  "uk": "/ˈflʌktʃueɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈflʌktʃueɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "波动；涨落",
    "en": "Rise and fall irregularly in level, amount, or value."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Vegetable prices fluctuate sharply at our local market.",
    "zh": "我们当地市场的蔬菜价格波动很大。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Demand for electricity tends to fluctuate throughout the day, creating challenges for energy suppliers.",
    "zh": "电力需求往往在一天之内不断波动，给能源供应商带来挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fluctuate widely｜大幅波动",
   "fluctuate between｜在……之间波动",
   "fluctuate with demand｜随需求波动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fluctuation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "vary"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常是不及物动词；在两值间波动用between。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fluctuate"
 },
 {
  "w": "observance",
  "uk": "/əbˈzɜːvəns/",
  "us": "/əbˈzɝːvəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "遵守；奉行",
    "en": "The practice of following a rule, law, or custom"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宗教或传统仪式",
    "en": "A ceremony performed as part of religion or tradition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Strict observance of kitchen hygiene keeps our food safe.",
    "zh": "严格遵守厨房卫生规范能保障我们的食品安全。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consistent observance of workplace safety regulations can prevent accidents and improve employees' confidence in their employers.",
    "zh": "始终遵守工作场所安全规定能够预防事故，并增强员工对雇主的信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "observance of the law｜守法",
   "strict observance｜严格遵守",
   "religious observances｜宗教仪式"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "observe (v.)",
   "observant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "compliance",
   "adherence"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "non-compliance"
  ],
  "tip": "observance指遵守或仪式；observation指观察。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "observance"
 },
 {
  "w": "ironical",
  "uk": "/aɪˈrɒnɪkəl/",
  "us": "/aɪˈrɑːnɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "反讽的；说反话的",
    "en": "expressing a meaning opposite to the words used"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "出乎意料而讽刺的",
    "en": "strangely opposite to what would normally be expected"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His ironical praise made it clear he disliked dinner.",
    "zh": "他那番反话式的称赞，明显是在表示他不喜欢这顿晚餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It is ironical that technologies designed to save time can leave workers feeling busier than ever.",
    "zh": "旨在节省时间的技术却可能让劳动者感到前所未有的忙碌，这颇具讽刺意味。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an ironical remark｜反讽的话",
   "an ironical tone｜反讽的语气",
   "an ironical twist｜讽刺性的转折"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "irony (n.)",
   "ironic (adj.)",
   "ironically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ironic"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与ironic基本同义，但ironic更常用；不一定含恶意。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ironical"
 },
 {
  "w": "outward",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊtwəd/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊtwɚd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "外表的；表面上的",
    "en": "visible on the outside rather than reflecting inner feelings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "向外的；外出的",
    "en": "moving or directed away from the centre or starting point"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "向外",
    "en": "towards the outside or away from the centre"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Despite her outward confidence, Leila felt nervous inside.",
    "zh": "尽管外表自信，莱拉内心却很紧张。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A city's outward appearance may improve through redevelopment, while underlying social inequalities remain largely unchanged.",
    "zh": "城市的外观可能因改造而改善，但深层的社会不平等却基本没有改变。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "outward appearance｜外表",
   "outward signs｜外在迹象",
   "outward journey｜去程",
   "outward movement｜向外移动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "outwardly (adv.)",
   "outwards (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "external"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inward"
  ],
  "tip": "作副词时英式英语更常用outwards。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outward"
 },
 {
  "w": "disperse",
  "uk": "/dɪˈspɜːs/",
  "us": "/dɪˈspɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "散开；驱散",
    "en": "To spread out or make people or things spread out"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The crowd began to disperse when the rain started.",
    "zh": "雨一下起来，人群就开始散去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting trees can help disperse strong winds and protect exposed farmland from soil erosion.",
    "zh": "植树有助于分散强风，保护无遮挡的农田免受土壤侵蚀。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disperse a crowd｜驱散人群",
   "disperse seeds｜传播种子",
   "disperse rapidly｜迅速散开"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dispersal (n.)",
   "dispersion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "scatter",
   "spread"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "gather"
  ],
  "tip": "既可及物也可不及物：驱散人群或人群散去。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disperse"
 },
 {
  "w": "fungus",
  "uk": "/ˈfʌŋɡəs/",
  "us": "/ˈfʌŋɡəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "真菌",
    "en": "an organism such as a mushroom, mould, or yeast"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A strange orange fungus was growing on the fallen tree.",
    "zh": "倒下的树上长着一种奇怪的橙色真菌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some types of fungus help maintain healthy forests by breaking down dead wood and recycling nutrients.",
    "zh": "某些真菌通过分解枯木、循环利用养分，帮助维持森林健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "soil fungus｜土壤真菌",
   "fungus growth｜真菌生长",
   "edible fungi｜食用真菌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fungal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数常用fungi；真菌不属于植物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fungus"
 },
 {
  "w": "premise",
  "uk": "/ˈpremɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈpremɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "前提；假定",
    "en": "an idea accepted as the basis for reasoning or action"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "房屋及附属场地",
    "en": "the buildings and land used by a business or organization"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your plan rests on the premise that everyone agrees.",
    "zh": "你的计划建立在所有人都同意这一前提上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The policy is based on the premise that affordable education improves both individual prospects and national productivity.",
    "zh": "这项政策的前提是，负担得起的教育能改善个人前景并提高国家生产力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "basic premise｜基本前提",
   "on the premise that｜以……为前提",
   "business premises｜营业场所",
   "on the premises｜在该场所内"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "assumption"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示房屋及场地时用复数premises。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "premise"
 },
 {
  "w": "purity",
  "uk": "/ˈpjʊərəti/",
  "us": "/ˈpjʊrəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纯净；纯度",
    "en": "the state of containing no unwanted or harmful substances"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纯洁；纯粹",
    "en": "the quality of being morally good or unmixed in character"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The jeweller checked the purity of my gold ring.",
    "zh": "珠宝匠检测了我那枚金戒指的纯度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular monitoring of water purity is essential for preventing disease and maintaining public confidence in local supplies.",
    "zh": "定期监测水的纯净程度，对于预防疾病和维持公众对当地供水的信心至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "water purity｜水的纯净度",
   "high purity｜高纯度",
   "purity of gold｜黄金纯度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pure (adj.)",
   "purely (adv.)",
   "purify (v.)",
   "purification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "impurity"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；表示具体纯度常用the purity of。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "purity"
 },
 {
  "w": "autonomy",
  "uk": "/ɔːˈtɒnəmi/",
  "us": "/ɔːˈtɑːnəmi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自主权；自治权",
    "en": "The freedom or right to make decisions independently."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My new manager gives me more autonomy at work.",
    "zh": "我的新经理给了我更多工作自主权。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Giving schools greater autonomy may help teachers adapt their lessons to the specific needs of local communities.",
    "zh": "赋予学校更大的自主权，可能有助于教师根据当地社区的具体需求调整课程。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "greater autonomy｜更大的自主权",
   "regional autonomy｜区域自治",
   "individual autonomy｜个人自主权",
   "grant autonomy｜给予自主权"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "autonomous (adj.)",
   "autonomously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "independence",
   "self-government"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dependence"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；既指地区自治，也指个人或机构自主。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "autonomy"
 },
 {
  "w": "know-how",
  "uk": "/ˈnəʊ haʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈnoʊ haʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实用技能；专门知识",
    "en": "Practical knowledge and skills needed to do something successfully"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle has the know-how to repair old bicycles.",
    "zh": "我叔叔掌握修理旧自行车的技术。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sharing technical know-how can help small businesses adopt cleaner production methods without relying entirely on outside consultants.",
    "zh": "分享技术知识可以帮助小企业采用更清洁的生产方式，而不必完全依赖外部顾问。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "technical know-how｜技术知识",
   "practical know-how｜实用技能",
   "transfer know-how｜传授专门技术"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "expertise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词，强调实际操作能力，拼写保留连字符。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "know-how"
 },
 {
  "w": "brisk",
  "uk": "/brɪsk/",
  "us": "/brɪsk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "轻快的；迅速有力的",
    "en": "Quick and energetic."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "生意兴隆的；交易活跃的",
    "en": "Involving a lot of buying and selling."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "凉爽清新的",
    "en": "Cold and fresh in a pleasant, energising way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A brisk walk before breakfast always wakes me up.",
    "zh": "早餐前快步走一走，总能让我清醒起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular brisk walking can improve cardiovascular health without requiring expensive equipment or access to specialist facilities.",
    "zh": "经常快步走能改善心血管健康，无需昂贵的器材或专业设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a brisk walk｜快步行走",
   "brisk trade｜兴隆的生意",
   "a brisk breeze｜清凉的微风"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "briskly (adv.)",
   "briskness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "brisk walk指轻快有力的快走，不是跑步。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brisk"
 },
 {
  "w": "polymer",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒlɪmə/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːlɪmər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "聚合物；高分子",
    "en": "A substance made of large molecules containing repeated smaller units."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This flexible polymer keeps my phone case light and durable.",
    "zh": "这种柔韧的聚合物让我的手机壳既轻便又耐用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers are developing biodegradable polymers to reduce the environmental impact of packaging and other disposable products.",
    "zh": "研究人员正在开发可生物降解的聚合物，以减少包装及其他一次性产品对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "synthetic polymer｜合成聚合物",
   "biodegradable polymer｜可生物降解聚合物",
   "polymer chain｜聚合物链"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "polymeric (adj.)",
   "polymerise (v.)",
   "polymerisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "聚合物不只包括塑料，也包括淀粉等天然物质。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "polymer"
 },
 {
  "w": "idiomatic",
  "uk": "/ˌɪdiəˈmætɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌɪdiəˈmætɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "地道的；符合语言习惯的",
    "en": "natural and typical of how fluent speakers use a language"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "习语的；含习语的",
    "en": "containing or relating to expressions with nonliteral meanings"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your sentence is correct, but this version sounds more idiomatic.",
    "zh": "你的句子没错，不过这个说法听起来更地道。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular exposure to authentic conversations helps language learners develop more idiomatic speech and greater confidence.",
    "zh": "经常接触真实对话有助于语言学习者说得更地道，也更有自信。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "idiomatic English｜地道的英语",
   "an idiomatic expression｜习语表达",
   "idiomatic usage｜惯用法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "idiom (n.)",
   "idiomatically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unidiomatic"
  ],
  "tip": "地道不等于堆砌习语；自然搭配也体现idiomatic。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "idiomatic"
 },
 {
  "w": "supersede",
  "uk": "/ˌsuːpəˈsiːd/",
  "us": "/ˌsuːpɚˈsiːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "取代；替代",
    "en": "To replace something older or no longer useful."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This new timetable supersedes the one on our fridge.",
    "zh": "这份新时刻表取代了我们冰箱上的旧时刻表。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital payment systems may eventually supersede cash in many settings, although accessibility concerns must first be addressed.",
    "zh": "数字支付系统最终可能在许多场景中取代现金，但必须先解决使用便利性方面的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "supersede existing rules｜取代现有规则",
   "be superseded by｜被……取代",
   "supersede earlier versions｜取代早期版本"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "replace",
   "supplant",
   "displace"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "注意拼写结尾是-sede，不是-cede；常用被动式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "supersede"
 },
 {
  "w": "census",
  "uk": "/ˈsensəs/",
  "us": "/ˈsensəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人口普查",
    "en": "an official count of people that collects information about them"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We completed the census form at our kitchen table.",
    "zh": "我们在厨房餐桌旁填好了人口普查表。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Census data help governments plan housing, schools and healthcare services according to changing population needs.",
    "zh": "人口普查数据帮助政府根据不断变化的人口需求规划住房、学校和医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conduct a census｜开展人口普查",
   "census data｜人口普查数据",
   "a national census｜全国人口普查",
   "a census form｜人口普查表"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "census调查全部人口，sample survey只抽样。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "census"
 },
 {
  "w": "nickel",
  "uk": "/ˈnɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈnɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "镍",
    "en": "A hard, silvery metal used in alloys and batteries."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "美加五分硬币",
    "en": "A coin worth five cents in the US or Canada."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My skin reacts badly to jewellery containing nickel.",
    "zh": "我的皮肤对含镍的首饰有严重的过敏反应。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Growing demand for electric vehicles has increased interest in nickel mining, raising concerns about environmental damage.",
    "zh": "电动汽车需求的增长提高了人们对镍矿开采的关注，也引发了对环境破坏的担忧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nickel mining｜镍矿开采",
   "nickel alloy｜镍合金",
   "nickel allergy｜镍过敏"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nickel-plated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指金属时不可数；指五分硬币时可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nickel"
 },
 {
  "w": "infringement",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈfrɪndʒmənt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈfrɪndʒmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "侵犯；违反",
    "en": "An action that breaks a law or violates someone's rights."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Copying that photograph without permission could be copyright infringement.",
    "zh": "未经许可复制那张照片可能侵犯版权。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should protect creative workers by imposing appropriate penalties for the infringement of intellectual property rights.",
    "zh": "政府应对侵犯知识产权的行为施以适当处罚，以保护创作者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "copyright infringement｜侵犯版权",
   "patent infringement｜侵犯专利权",
   "infringement of rights｜侵犯权利"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "infringe (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "violation",
   "breach"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常接of；infringement of rights指侵犯权利。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "infringement"
 },
 {
  "w": "enrich",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈrɪtʃ/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈrɪtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "丰富；充实",
    "en": "To improve something by adding value, interest, or experience."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使富有",
    "en": "To make someone wealthier."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "增加养分；使肥沃",
    "en": "To improve food or soil by adding useful substances."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These weekend painting classes really enrich my daily life.",
    "zh": "这些周末绘画课确实丰富了我的日常生活。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International exchange programmes can enrich students' education by exposing them to different perspectives and teaching methods.",
    "zh": "国际交流项目能让学生接触不同观点和教学方法，从而丰富他们的教育体验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enrich people's lives｜丰富人们的生活",
   "enrich understanding｜加深理解",
   "enrich the soil｜使土壤肥沃"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rich (adj.)",
   "richness (n.)",
   "enrichment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enhance",
   "improve"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "impoverish"
  ],
  "tip": "enrich是及物动词，常接life、experience或soil。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enrich"
 },
 {
  "w": "astronomical",
  "uk": "/ˌæstrəˈnɒmɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˌæstrəˈnɑːmɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极其巨大的；天文数字的",
    "en": "Extremely large, especially when describing prices, costs, or amounts."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "天文学的",
    "en": "Relating to the scientific study of stars, planets, and space."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hotel charged an astronomical price for one night.",
    "zh": "这家酒店一晚的收费高得惊人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The astronomical cost of housing in major cities can prevent young adults from achieving financial independence.",
    "zh": "大城市高得惊人的住房成本可能使年轻人无法实现经济独立。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "astronomical costs｜巨额成本",
   "astronomical sums｜天文数字般的金额",
   "astronomical observations｜天文观测"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "astronomy (n.)",
   "astronomer (n.)",
   "astronomically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "谈费用时常表示高得惊人；也可表示天文学的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "astronomical"
 },
 {
  "w": "disreputable",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈrepjətəbəl/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈrepjətəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "名声不佳的；不可信的",
    "en": "Having a bad reputation and not deserving trust or respect."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "邋遢的；破旧的",
    "en": "Looking untidy, worn, or unsuitable for respectable company."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We avoided that disreputable garage after several neighbours complained.",
    "zh": "几位邻居投诉后，我们就避开了那家名声不好的修车厂。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stronger consumer protection laws could prevent disreputable companies from exploiting customers who lack detailed financial knowledge.",
    "zh": "加强消费者保护法规，可以防止不良企业利用缺乏金融知识的顾客牟利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disreputable company｜名声不佳的公司",
   "disreputable behaviour｜不光彩的行为",
   "disreputable character｜名声不好的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reputable (adj.)",
   "disrepute (n.)",
   "repute (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shady",
   "dishonourable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reputable",
   "respectable"
  ],
  "tip": "通常指名声或行为不佳，不只是外表破旧。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disreputable"
 },
 {
  "w": "vicious",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪʃəs/",
  "us": "/ˈvɪʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "凶猛的；残暴的",
    "en": "likely to attack or cause serious harm"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "恶毒的；恶意的",
    "en": "deliberately cruel and intended to hurt someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A vicious dog growled behind the tall metal fence.",
    "zh": "一只凶猛的狗在高高的金属围栏后低吼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Vicious comments on social media can damage young people's confidence and discourage participation in online discussions.",
    "zh": "社交媒体上的恶毒评论可能损害年轻人的自信，使他们不愿参与网上讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vicious attack｜凶残的袭击",
   "vicious circle｜恶性循环",
   "vicious rumour｜恶意谣言",
   "vicious comments｜恶毒评论"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "viciously (adv.)",
   "viciousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cruel",
   "brutal",
   "savage"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "gentle",
   "kind"
  ],
  "tip": "vicious circle指问题互相加剧的“恶性循环”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vicious"
 },
 {
  "w": "agonize",
  "uk": "/ˈæɡənaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈæɡənaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "苦苦思索；焦虑不已",
    "en": "Worry intensely while trying to make a difficult decision"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I agonized over which course to choose all weekend.",
    "zh": "整个周末，我都在为选哪门课而纠结。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many graduates agonize over whether to pursue further education or enter an increasingly competitive job market.",
    "zh": "许多毕业生为继续深造还是进入竞争日益激烈的就业市场而苦恼。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "agonize over a decision｜为决定而苦恼",
   "agonize about the future｜为未来焦虑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "agony (n.)",
   "agonizing (adj.)",
   "agonizingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "worry",
   "fret"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用agonize over/about；英式也拼作agonise。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "agonize"
 },
 {
  "w": "propulsion",
  "uk": "/prəˈpʌlʃən/",
  "us": "/prəˈpʌlʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推进；推进力",
    "en": "The force or process that moves something forward"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small boat relies on electric propulsion to move quietly.",
    "zh": "这艘小船靠电力推进，行驶时很安静。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in electric propulsion could reduce both noise pollution and fuel consumption in coastal shipping.",
    "zh": "电力推进技术的进步有望减少沿海航运的噪声污染和燃料消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "propulsion system｜推进系统",
   "electric propulsion｜电力推进",
   "jet propulsion｜喷气推进"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "propel (v.)",
   "propeller (n.)",
   "propulsive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词，常用于船舶、飞机和航天器。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "propulsion"
 },
 {
  "w": "harmonious",
  "uk": "/hɑːˈməʊniəs/",
  "us": "/hɑːrˈmoʊniəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "和睦的；融洽的",
    "en": "friendly and peaceful, without conflict"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "协调的；和谐悦耳的",
    "en": "having parts that look or sound pleasing together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sharing the chores helps keep our home harmonious.",
    "zh": "分担家务有助于保持家庭和睦。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can promote harmonious relationships by teaching students to resolve disagreements through respectful discussion.",
    "zh": "学校可以教学生通过相互尊重的讨论解决分歧，从而促进融洽的人际关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "harmonious relationship｜融洽的关系",
   "harmonious society｜和谐社会",
   "harmonious blend｜协调的融合"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "harmony (n.)",
   "harmoniously (adv.)",
   "harmonise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "peaceful",
   "compatible"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "discordant",
   "conflicting"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容人际关系融洽，也可形容色彩、声音协调。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "harmonious"
 },
 {
  "w": "generic",
  "uk": "/dʒəˈnerɪk/",
  "us": "/dʒəˈnerɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "通用的；非特定的",
    "en": "Relating to a whole group rather than one particular example."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无品牌的；非专利的",
    "en": "Sold without a brand name or no longer protected by patent."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The website sent me a generic reply about delivery.",
    "zh": "网站就配送问题给我发了一封千篇一律的回复。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Generic medicines can reduce healthcare costs while providing the same active ingredients as their branded equivalents.",
    "zh": "仿制药可以降低医疗费用，同时提供与对应品牌药相同的活性成分。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "generic term｜统称",
   "generic advice｜笼统的建议",
   "generic medicine｜仿制药",
   "generic version｜无品牌版本"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "generically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "general",
   "non-specific"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "specific"
  ],
  "tip": "generic强调非特定；generic medicine通常指仿制药。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "generic"
 },
 {
  "w": "aural",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːrəl/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːrəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "听觉的；听力的",
    "en": "Relating to hearing or the sense of hearing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our music teacher uses games to develop aural skills.",
    "zh": "我们的音乐老师通过游戏培养听辨能力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Language courses should include regular aural practice so that learners can understand different accents in everyday communication.",
    "zh": "语言课程应安排定期的听力练习，使学习者能在日常交流中听懂不同口音。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "aural skills｜听辨能力",
   "aural training｜听力训练",
   "aural comprehension｜听力理解",
   "aural test｜听力测试"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aurally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "auditory"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "aural指听觉的；oral指口头的或口腔的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aural"
 },
 {
  "w": "locomotive",
  "uk": "/ˌləʊkəˈməʊtɪv/",
  "us": "/ˌloʊkəˈmoʊtɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "机车；火车头",
    "en": "A railway engine that pulls or pushes a train."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A steam locomotive pulled the carriages slowly past our platform.",
    "zh": "一台蒸汽机车拉着车厢，缓缓驶过我们所在的站台。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing diesel locomotives with electric models can reduce local air pollution, especially along busy urban railway routes.",
    "zh": "用电力机车替代柴油机车可以减少当地空气污染，尤其是在繁忙的城市铁路沿线。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a steam locomotive｜蒸汽机车",
   "a diesel locomotive｜柴油机车",
   "an electric locomotive｜电力机车"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "locomotion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "railway engine"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指提供动力的机车，不是包含所有车厢的整列火车。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "locomotive"
 },
 {
  "w": "mock",
  "uk": "/mɒk/",
  "us": "/mɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "嘲笑；嘲弄",
    "en": "To make someone seem foolish by laughing at or imitating them."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "模拟的；仿制的",
    "en": "Made to imitate something real, often for practice."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "模拟考试",
    "en": "A practice examination taken before the real one."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't mock my dancing; I'm still learning.",
    "zh": "请别嘲笑我的舞姿，我还在学呢。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Mock interviews allow students to practise explaining their skills before they apply for their first professional positions.",
    "zh": "模拟面试让学生在申请第一份专业工作前，练习如何介绍自己的技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mock someone's accent｜嘲笑某人的口音",
   "mock exam｜模拟考试",
   "mock interview｜模拟面试"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mockery (n.)",
   "mocking (adj.)",
   "mockingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ridicule",
   "imitate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "praise"
  ],
  "tip": "mock作动词直接接宾语，不加at。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mock"
 },
 {
  "w": "exertion",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzɜːʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzɝːʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "费力；体力或脑力消耗",
    "en": "Physical or mental effort, especially when it makes you tired."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He was breathless from the exertion of climbing upstairs.",
    "zh": "他费力爬上楼梯后，累得气喘吁吁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular physical activity benefits health, but excessive exertion without adequate recovery can increase the risk of injury.",
    "zh": "经常进行身体活动有益健康，但过度用力且恢复不足可能增加受伤风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "physical exertion｜体力消耗",
   "mental exertion｜脑力消耗",
   "strenuous exertion｜高强度体力消耗",
   "excessive exertion｜过度用力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exert (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "effort"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "多指消耗体力或脑力，不等同于表示尽力的try hard。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exertion"
 },
 {
  "w": "genocide",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒenəsaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒenəsaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "种族灭绝",
    "en": "Acts intended to destroy a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We visited a memorial to the victims of genocide.",
    "zh": "我们参观了一处种族灭绝遇难者纪念地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Education about past acts of genocide can help societies recognise prejudice and strengthen their commitment to human rights.",
    "zh": "有关历史上种族灭绝行为的教育，有助于社会识别偏见并加强对人权的维护。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commit genocide｜实施种族灭绝",
   "prevent genocide｜防止种族灭绝",
   "victims of genocide｜种族灭绝的受害者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "genocidal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不泛指大规模杀戮，核心是蓄意毁灭特定群体。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "genocide"
 },
 {
  "w": "fallible",
  "uk": "/ˈfælɪbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈfæləbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "会犯错的；不完全可靠的",
    "en": "Capable of making mistakes or being wrong"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Even experienced drivers are fallible, so please stay alert.",
    "zh": "即使经验丰富的司机也会犯错，所以请保持警觉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Human memory is fallible, which raises concerns about relying solely on eyewitness accounts in court.",
    "zh": "人的记忆可能出错，因此在法庭上仅依赖目击者陈述令人担忧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fallible human judgement｜可能出错的人类判断",
   "a fallible system｜不完全可靠的系统"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fallibility (n.)",
   "infallible (adj.)",
   "infallibility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "imperfect",
   "error-prone"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "infallible"
  ],
  "tip": "强调可能犯错，并非一定错误；反义词为infallible。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fallible"
 },
 {
  "w": "transact",
  "uk": "/trænˈzækt/",
  "us": "/trænˈzækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "办理业务；进行交易",
    "en": "to conduct business or carry out a business deal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We transact most of our business through the bank.",
    "zh": "我们的大部分业务都通过银行办理。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital platforms allow small companies to transact business internationally without maintaining expensive offices in foreign markets.",
    "zh": "数字平台让小企业无需在海外市场维持昂贵的办事处，也能开展国际业务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "transact business｜办理业务",
   "transact business with｜与……开展业务",
   "transact online｜在线交易"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transaction (n.)",
   "transactional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用语，常用transact business表示开展业务。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transact"
 },
 {
  "w": "consolidate",
  "uk": "/kənˈsɒlɪdeɪt/",
  "us": "/kənˈsɑːlɪdeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "巩固；加强",
    "en": "To make an achievement, position, or skill stronger."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "合并；整合",
    "en": "To combine separate things into a single effective whole."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I review my notes each evening to consolidate my learning.",
    "zh": "我每晚复习笔记，以巩固所学内容。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular practical exercises help students consolidate their knowledge and apply theoretical concepts to unfamiliar situations.",
    "zh": "定期的实践练习有助于学生巩固知识，并将理论概念应用于陌生情境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "consolidate knowledge｜巩固知识",
   "consolidate power｜巩固权力",
   "consolidate gains｜巩固成果",
   "consolidate debts｜合并债务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consolidation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "strengthen",
   "reinforce",
   "combine"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "weaken"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指巩固已有成果，也可指合并多个部分。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consolidate"
 },
 {
  "w": "manure",
  "uk": "/məˈnjʊə/",
  "us": "/məˈnʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "粪肥",
    "en": "Animal waste used to improve soil and help plants grow."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给土地施粪肥",
    "en": "To spread animal waste on land as fertilizer."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer spread manure around the young apple trees.",
    "zh": "农民在幼小的苹果树周围撒上粪肥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using manure can improve soil fertility, but excessive application may pollute nearby rivers and groundwater.",
    "zh": "施用粪肥可以提高土壤肥力，但过量施用可能污染附近河流和地下水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "animal manure｜动物粪肥",
   "spread manure｜撒施粪肥",
   "well-rotted manure｜充分腐熟的粪肥"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词通常不可数；fertilizer泛指肥料，范围更广。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "manure"
 },
 {
  "w": "verge",
  "uk": "/vɜːdʒ/",
  "us": "/vɝːdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "边缘；临界点",
    "en": "The point just before something happens."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "路边草地",
    "en": "A strip of grass beside a road."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "接近；近乎",
    "en": "To come close to a particular state or quality."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She was on the verge of tears after losing her ring.",
    "zh": "她丢了戒指，几乎要哭出来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Several native species are on the verge of extinction because their habitats have been severely damaged.",
    "zh": "几种本地物种因栖息地遭到严重破坏而濒临灭绝。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on the verge of extinction｜濒临灭绝",
   "on the verge of doing something｜即将做某事",
   "a grass verge｜路边草地",
   "verge on the absurd｜近乎荒谬"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "brink",
   "edge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on the verge of后接名词或动名词；动词常接on。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "verge"
 },
 {
  "w": "optimal",
  "uk": "/ˈɒptɪməl/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːptɪməl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最佳的；最适宜的",
    "en": "Best or most effective for a particular purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This sunny windowsill provides optimal conditions for my herbs.",
    "zh": "这个阳光充足的窗台为我的香草提供了最适宜的生长条件。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planners must balance housing density and green space to achieve optimal living conditions for residents.",
    "zh": "城市规划者必须平衡住房密度与绿地面积，为居民创造最佳居住条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "optimal conditions｜最佳条件",
   "optimal performance｜最佳表现",
   "optimal solution｜最优解决方案"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "optimally (adv.)",
   "optimise (v.)",
   "optimisation (n.)",
   "optimum (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ideal",
   "best"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "suboptimal"
  ],
  "tip": "已含“最佳”之意，通常不再用 most 修饰。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "optimal"
 },
 {
  "w": "resolutely",
  "uk": "/ˈrezəluːtli/",
  "us": "/ˈrezəluːtli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "坚决地；坚定地",
    "en": "In a determined way, without giving up or changing course"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Despite the rain, she walked resolutely towards the shelter.",
    "zh": "尽管下着雨，她仍坚定地朝避雨处走去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must act resolutely to protect endangered habitats, even when conservation measures face strong opposition.",
    "zh": "即使保护措施遭遇强烈反对，政府也必须坚决行动，保护濒危生境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "act resolutely｜坚决行动",
   "resolutely oppose｜坚决反对",
   "resolutely refuse｜断然拒绝"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "resolute (adj.)",
   "resolution (n.)",
   "resolve (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "firmly",
   "determinedly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hesitantly"
  ],
  "tip": "这是副词；形容词形式为resolute。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resolutely"
 },
 {
  "w": "upkeep",
  "uk": "/ˈʌpkiːp/",
  "us": "/ˈʌpkiːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保养；维修；维护费用",
    "en": "work or money needed to keep something in good condition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This old house needs regular upkeep throughout the year.",
    "zh": "这栋老房子一年到头都需要定期维护。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities must budget for the upkeep of public parks to ensure they remain safe and accessible.",
    "zh": "地方政府必须为公园维护编列预算，确保公园保持安全并方便公众使用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "regular upkeep｜定期保养",
   "cost of upkeep｜维护费用",
   "property upkeep｜房产维护"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "maintenance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词，既指维护工作，也指维护费用。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "upkeep"
 },
 {
  "w": "haunt",
  "uk": "/hɔːnt/",
  "us": "/hɔːnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使萦绕心头；不断困扰",
    "en": "to keep returning to someone's mind and causing distress"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "鬼魂出没于",
    "en": "for a ghost to appear repeatedly in a place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "常去的地方",
    "en": "a place someone visits frequently"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That embarrassing mistake still haunts me before every presentation.",
    "zh": "每次做报告前，那个令人尴尬的错误仍会困扰我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The consequences of poor urban planning can haunt communities long after the original decisions are made.",
    "zh": "糟糕的城市规划所带来的后果，可能在最初决策作出很久之后仍困扰社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be haunted by memories｜被回忆困扰",
   "haunt an old house｜在老房子里出没",
   "a favourite haunt｜最爱常去的地方"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "haunted (adj.)",
   "haunting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词直接接宾语；be haunted by表示受困扰。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "haunt"
 },
 {
  "w": "comprise",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpraɪz/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpraɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "由…组成；包括",
    "en": "to have particular people or things as parts"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "组成；构成",
    "en": "to be the parts or members that form something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The gift set comprises soap, lotion, and a towel.",
    "zh": "这套礼盒包含香皂、乳液和一条毛巾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposed transport network will comprise bus routes and cycle lanes connecting residential areas with employment centres.",
    "zh": "拟建的交通网络将由连接住宅区与就业中心的公交线路和自行车道组成。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "comprise several sections｜包含几个部分",
   "comprise a range of services｜涵盖一系列服务",
   "comprise the majority｜占多数"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "consist of",
   "include",
   "constitute"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "最稳妥结构：整体comprises部分，不加of。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "comprise"
 },
 {
  "w": "royalty",
  "uk": "/ˈrɔɪəlti/",
  "us": "/ˈrɔɪəlti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "王室成员；王族",
    "en": "people who belong to a royal family"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "版税；特许权使用费",
    "en": "a payment for using someone's work, invention, or property"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The palace once served as a home for royalty.",
    "zh": "这座宫殿曾是王室成员的住所。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Authors often rely on royalties from book sales to support themselves while developing new creative projects.",
    "zh": "作家在开展新的创作项目时，往往依靠图书销售的版税维持生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a member of royalty｜王室成员",
   "pay royalties｜支付版税",
   "royalty payments｜版税款项"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "royal (adj.)",
   "royally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指王族时不可数；指版税收入时常用复数royalties。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "royalty"
 },
 {
  "w": "perish",
  "uk": "/ˈperɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈperɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "死亡；毁灭",
    "en": "To die or be destroyed, especially in harsh conditions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "老化；腐坏",
    "en": "To decay or lose strength and flexibility over time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These delicate plants will perish if left outside tonight.",
    "zh": "这些娇嫩的植物如果今晚放在外面，就会冻死。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without effective habitat protection, many vulnerable species may perish as temperatures rise and food sources disappear.",
    "zh": "如果没有有效的栖息地保护，随着气温上升和食物来源消失，许多脆弱物种可能灭绝。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "perish from cold｜冻死",
   "perish in a fire｜在火灾中丧生",
   "rubber perishes｜橡胶老化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perishable (adj.)",
   "imperishable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "die",
   "decay"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "survive"
  ],
  "tip": "通常是不及物动词；英式英语也用于橡胶等老化。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "perish"
 },
 {
  "w": "transferable",
  "uk": "/trænsˈfɜːrəbəl/",
  "us": "/trænsˈfɝːəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可转让的；可转移的",
    "en": "able to be moved or passed to another person or place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可用于不同情境的",
    "en": "useful in different jobs or situations"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These tickets are transferable, so your sister can use mine.",
    "zh": "这些票可以转让，所以你姐姐可以用我的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should help students develop transferable skills that remain valuable across different industries and careers.",
    "zh": "大学应帮助学生培养在不同行业和职业中都具有价值的通用技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "transferable skills｜可迁移技能",
   "transferable ticket｜可转让的票",
   "transferable knowledge｜可迁移的知识"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transfer (v.)",
   "transfer (n.)",
   "non-transferable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "non-transferable"
  ],
  "tip": "transferable skills 指换岗位或行业仍适用的技能。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transferable"
 },
 {
  "w": "vice",
  "uk": "/vaɪs/",
  "us": "/vaɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恶习；不道德行为",
    "en": "a bad habit or morally wrong behaviour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "台钳；老虎钳",
    "en": "a tool that holds an object firmly between two jaws"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Eating too much chocolate is my only vice.",
    "zh": "吃太多巧克力是我唯一的坏习惯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive consumption is sometimes viewed as a personal vice rather than a consequence of social pressures.",
    "zh": "过度消费有时被视为个人恶习，而非社会压力造成的结果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a minor vice｜小恶习",
   "vice and virtue｜恶与善",
   "a bench vice｜台钳"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "virtue"
  ],
  "tip": "台钳在美式英语中拼作vise；副主席中的vice-是前缀。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vice"
 },
 {
  "w": "airway",
  "uk": "/ˈeəweɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈerweɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "呼吸道；气道",
    "en": "a passage through which air reaches the lungs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "航路；航线",
    "en": "an established route used by aircraft"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse checked that the patient's airway was clear.",
    "zh": "护士检查了病人的气道是否通畅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Heavy traffic along a major airway requires careful coordination to keep aircraft safely separated.",
    "zh": "主要航路上的繁忙交通需要精心协调，以确保飞机保持安全间距。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "keep the airway clear｜保持气道通畅",
   "airway obstruction｜气道阻塞",
   "upper airway｜上呼吸道"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指呼吸道；航线义较专业，勿与airline混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "airway"
 },
 {
  "w": "compel",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpel/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "迫使；强迫",
    "en": "to force someone to do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy rain compelled us to cancel our picnic.",
    "zh": "大雨迫使我们取消了野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stricter environmental laws could compel manufacturers to reduce waste and adopt cleaner production methods.",
    "zh": "更严格的环境法规可能迫使制造商减少废弃物并采用更清洁的生产方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "compel someone to act｜迫使某人行动",
   "feel compelled to｜觉得不得不",
   "be compelled by circumstances｜为形势所迫"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compelling (adj.)",
   "compulsion (n.)",
   "compulsory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "force",
   "oblige"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用compel sb to do，语气强且较正式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "compel"
 },
 {
  "w": "displace",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈpleɪs/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈpleɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "迫使离开家园",
    "en": "Force people to leave their homes or usual surroundings."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "取代；替代",
    "en": "Take the position or role previously held by something else."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "移开；排开",
    "en": "Move something from its position, especially by occupying its space."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The flood displaced several families living near the river.",
    "zh": "洪水使住在河边的几户人家被迫离开家园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although automation may displace some workers, investment in retraining can help them find alternative employment.",
    "zh": "虽然自动化可能取代部分工人，但投资再培训可以帮助他们找到其他工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "displaced people｜流离失所的人",
   "displace workers｜取代工人",
   "displace water｜排开水"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "displacement (n.)",
   "displaced (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "displace常指被迫迁离；也可指新事物取代旧事物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "displace"
 },
 {
  "w": "lure",
  "uk": "/lʊə/",
  "us": "/lʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "引诱；诱惑",
    "en": "To attract someone by offering something appealing, sometimes deceptively."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诱惑力；诱饵",
    "en": "An attraction or object used to draw someone or something closer."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We used some cheese to lure the mouse outside.",
    "zh": "我们用一些奶酪把老鼠引到了外面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Large cities often lure young graduates with higher salaries, leaving rural communities with a shortage of skilled workers.",
    "zh": "大城市常以较高薪资吸引年轻毕业生，导致乡村社区缺乏技术人才。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lure someone into doing something｜诱使某人做某事",
   "lure customers｜吸引顾客",
   "the lure of wealth｜财富的诱惑",
   "a fishing lure｜钓鱼假饵"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "entice",
   "tempt",
   "attract"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "repel"
  ],
  "tip": "常用lure sb into doing，往往暗含诱骗意味。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lure"
 },
 {
  "w": "cruiser",
  "uk": "/ˈkruːzə/",
  "us": "/ˈkruːzər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "舱式游艇",
    "en": "A powered leisure boat with space for sleeping."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "巡洋舰",
    "en": "A large, fast military ship."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "巡逻警车（美式）",
    "en": "A police car used to patrol an area."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spent the weekend aboard a small cabin cruiser.",
    "zh": "我们在一艘小型舱式游艇上度过了周末。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The growing popularity of holidays aboard a cruiser has increased demand for moorings along inland waterways.",
    "zh": "乘坐舱式游艇度假日益流行，使内陆水道沿线的泊位需求有所增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cabin cruiser｜舱式游艇",
   "a police cruiser｜巡逻警车",
   "a naval cruiser｜海军巡洋舰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cruise (n.)",
   "cruise (v.)",
   "cruising (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "大型邮轮通常叫cruise ship，不叫cruiser。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cruiser"
 },
 {
  "w": "lieutenant",
  "uk": "/lefˈtenənt/",
  "us": "/luːˈtenənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陆军中尉；海军上尉",
    "en": "An officer holding a junior rank in the armed forces"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "副手；得力助手",
    "en": "A trusted assistant who helps a leader manage important work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lieutenant helped the new soldiers organise their equipment.",
    "zh": "中尉帮助新兵整理装备。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During disaster relief operations, a lieutenant may coordinate military teams delivering essential supplies to isolated communities.",
    "zh": "在救灾行动中，中尉可能负责协调向偏远社区运送必需物资的军方队伍。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "army lieutenant｜陆军中尉",
   "naval lieutenant｜海军上尉",
   "trusted lieutenant｜可信赖的副手"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式开头读/lef/，美式读/luː/；军衔译名因军种而异。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lieutenant"
 },
 {
  "w": "accumulation",
  "uk": "/əˌkjuːmjəˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/əˌkjuːmjəˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "积累；堆积；积聚物",
    "en": "The gradual gathering of something, or the amount gathered."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An accumulation of dust covered the old wooden shelves.",
    "zh": "一层积灰覆盖了那些旧木架。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The accumulation of plastic waste in oceans threatens marine wildlife and creates lasting challenges for coastal communities.",
    "zh": "海洋中塑料垃圾的积聚威胁着海洋野生动物，也给沿海社区带来长期挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "accumulation of wealth｜财富积累",
   "accumulation of waste｜废物堆积",
   "gradual accumulation｜逐渐积累",
   "capital accumulation｜资本积累"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accumulate (v.)",
   "accumulative (adj.)",
   "cumulative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "buildup"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常接of，强调随时间逐渐增多。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accumulation"
 },
 {
  "w": "prophecy",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒfəsi/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːfəsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预言",
    "en": "a statement about the future, often claiming supernatural knowledge"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预言能力",
    "en": "the supposed ability to know and describe future events"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "In the story, an ancient prophecy finally came true.",
    "zh": "故事中，一个古老的预言终于应验了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Low expectations can become a self-fulfilling prophecy when students receive less encouragement and fewer opportunities to improve.",
    "zh": "当学生得到的鼓励和进步机会更少时，低期望可能成为自我实现的预言。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a self-fulfilling prophecy｜自我实现的预言",
   "fulfil a prophecy｜使预言应验",
   "the gift of prophecy｜预言天赋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prophesy (v.)",
   "prophet (n.)",
   "prophetic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "prediction",
   "foretelling"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "prophecy是名词；动词prophesy词尾读/saɪ/。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prophecy"
 },
 {
  "w": "swift",
  "uk": "/swɪft/",
  "us": "/swɪft/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "迅速的；敏捷的",
    "en": "Moving quickly or happening after very little delay."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雨燕",
    "en": "A small bird with long curved wings that flies fast."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her swift reaction stopped the glass from falling.",
    "zh": "她反应敏捷，接住了快要掉下去的玻璃杯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A swift response to disease outbreaks can reduce pressure on hospitals and protect vulnerable communities.",
    "zh": "迅速应对疾病暴发可以减轻医院压力，并保护脆弱群体。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "swift action｜迅速的行动",
   "swift response｜迅速的回应",
   "swift recovery｜迅速康复"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "swiftly (adv.)",
   "swiftness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "quick",
   "rapid",
   "speedy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "slow"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰action、response；副词形式是swiftly。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "swift"
 },
 {
  "w": "doctrine",
  "uk": "/ˈdɒktrɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈdɑːktrɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "教义；学说；信条",
    "en": "A belief or set of principles taught by a group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The guide explained the doctrine behind the temple's daily rituals.",
    "zh": "导游解释了这座寺庙日常仪式背后的教义。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Economic doctrine should be evaluated against practical evidence rather than accepted simply because it has influential supporters.",
    "zh": "经济学说应该依据实际证据来评估，而不应仅因其支持者有影响力就被接受。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "religious doctrine｜宗教教义",
   "economic doctrine｜经济学说",
   "political doctrine｜政治信条"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "doctrinal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "creed",
   "teaching"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不一定含贬义；可指宗教教义或政治、经济学说。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "doctrine"
 },
 {
  "w": "elevate",
  "uk": "/ˈelɪveɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈeləveɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抬高；举起",
    "en": "To move something to a higher physical position"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提升地位；提高水平",
    "en": "To raise someone's status or improve the quality of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使情绪高昂",
    "en": "To make someone feel happier or more hopeful"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse used a pillow to elevate my ankle.",
    "zh": "护士用枕头垫高了我的脚踝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to advanced training can elevate professional standards and improve the quality of public services.",
    "zh": "获得进阶培训的机会能够提升专业标准，并改善公共服务质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "elevate a limb｜抬高肢体",
   "elevate standards｜提高标准",
   "elevate someone to a position｜将某人提拔至某职位",
   "elevate mood｜改善情绪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "elevation (n.)",
   "elevated (adj.)",
   "elevator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "raise",
   "lift"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lower"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词；elevate A to B可表示将A提升至B。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elevate"
 },
 {
  "w": "tranquil",
  "uk": "/ˈtræŋkwɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈtræŋkwɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "宁静的；平静的",
    "en": "calm and peaceful, without noise or disturbance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We enjoyed a tranquil morning beside the still lake.",
    "zh": "我们在平静的湖边度过了一个宁静的早晨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban parks offer tranquil spaces where residents can escape traffic noise and recover from daily stress.",
    "zh": "城市公园提供宁静的空间，让居民远离交通噪声，缓解日常压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tranquil setting｜宁静的环境",
   "tranquil waters｜平静的水面",
   "a tranquil atmosphere｜宁静的氛围"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tranquillity (n.)",
   "tranquilly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "peaceful",
   "calm",
   "serene"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "noisy",
   "turbulent"
  ],
  "tip": "常描写环境或水面，比 quiet 更强调安宁感。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tranquil"
 },
 {
  "w": "thrive",
  "uk": "/θraɪv/",
  "us": "/θraɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "茁壮成长；兴旺发展",
    "en": "To grow strongly or become successful."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These herbs thrive on our sunny kitchen windowsill.",
    "zh": "这些香草在我们厨房阳光充足的窗台上长得很旺。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses are more likely to thrive when local governments provide reliable infrastructure and accessible financial support.",
    "zh": "地方政府提供可靠的基础设施和便利的资金支持时，小企业更有可能蓬勃发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thrive in warm conditions｜在温暖环境中茁壮成长",
   "thrive on challenges｜遇到挑战更有干劲",
   "a thriving business｜生意兴隆的企业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thriving (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "flourish",
   "prosper"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "decline"
  ],
  "tip": "不及物动词；thrive on表示因某事而更有活力。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thrive"
 },
 {
  "w": "stimulus",
  "uk": "/ˈstɪmjələs/",
  "us": "/ˈstɪmjələs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "促进因素；刺激",
    "en": "Something that encourages activity, growth, or change."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刺激物；刺激因素",
    "en": "Something that causes a physical or mental response."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The prize provided a stimulus for her daily practice.",
    "zh": "这个奖项激励她每天练习。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in renewable energy can provide a powerful stimulus to economic growth while reducing emissions.",
    "zh": "投资可再生能源可以在减少排放的同时，有力地促进经济增长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a stimulus to growth｜促进增长的因素",
   "economic stimulus｜经济刺激",
   "respond to a stimulus｜对刺激作出反应"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stimulate (v.)",
   "stimulation (n.)",
   "stimulating (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "incentive",
   "impetus"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数是stimuli；stimulus to中的to是介词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stimulus"
 },
 {
  "w": "deft",
  "uk": "/deft/",
  "us": "/deft/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "灵巧熟练的",
    "en": "Skilful, quick, and controlled in movement or action."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "With a deft movement, she caught the falling cup.",
    "zh": "她动作敏捷，一把接住了掉落的杯子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective classroom management requires deft handling of disagreements between students from different backgrounds.",
    "zh": "有效的课堂管理需要巧妙处理不同背景学生之间的分歧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deft touch｜娴熟的手法",
   "deft handling｜巧妙的处理",
   "deft movement｜灵巧的动作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deftly (adv.)",
   "deftness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "skilful",
   "dexterous",
   "adroit"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "clumsy"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容手部动作灵巧，也可指处理问题巧妙。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deft"
 },
 {
  "w": "culminate",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌlmɪneɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌlmɪneɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "最终以……告终；达到高潮",
    "en": "To reach a final result or highest point after gradual development"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Weeks of rehearsals culminated in a wonderful evening performance.",
    "zh": "经过数周排练，大家最终献上了一场精彩的晚间演出。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Years of public consultation culminated in a comprehensive transport plan designed to reduce congestion and improve accessibility.",
    "zh": "多年的公众咨询最终促成了一项旨在缓解拥堵、改善交通可达性的综合交通规划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "culminate in success｜最终取得成功",
   "culminate in an agreement｜最终达成协议",
   "culminate in a celebration｜以庆祝活动达到高潮"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "culmination (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用 culminate in＋结果，强调发展后的终点或高潮。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "culminate"
 },
 {
  "w": "touchy",
  "uk": "/ˈtʌtʃi/",
  "us": "/ˈtʌtʃi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "易生气的；敏感的",
    "en": "Easily upset or offended, especially by criticism."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "敏感难处理的",
    "en": "Likely to cause upset or disagreement unless handled carefully."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother gets touchy when anyone criticises his cooking.",
    "zh": "只要有人批评哥哥的厨艺，他就容易生气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Pay differences remain a touchy subject in many workplaces, making open discussions about fairness particularly difficult.",
    "zh": "薪酬差异在许多工作场所仍是敏感话题，使公开讨论公平问题变得尤为困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "touchy about criticism｜对批评很敏感",
   "a touchy subject｜敏感话题",
   "a touchy issue｜棘手的敏感问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "touchiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sensitive",
   "irritable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "easy-going"
  ],
  "tip": "touchy指易生气；touched指受感动。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "touchy"
 },
 {
  "w": "workmanship",
  "uk": "/ˈwɜːkmənʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈwɝːkmənʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "做工；工艺水平",
    "en": "The skill and quality shown in making something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The smooth wooden joints reveal the chair's excellent workmanship.",
    "zh": "平滑的木质接合处体现了这把椅子精良的做工。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers may accept higher prices when products demonstrate superior workmanship and offer a longer useful life.",
    "zh": "如果产品做工更精良、使用寿命更长，消费者可能会接受更高的价格。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fine workmanship｜精细的做工",
   "poor workmanship｜粗劣的做工",
   "quality workmanship｜优质工艺"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "craftsmanship"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词，强调成品的做工，而非工作态度。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "workmanship"
 },
 {
  "w": "marshal",
  "uk": "/ˈmɑːʃəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːrʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "组织；调集；整理",
    "en": "to gather and arrange people, resources, or ideas effectively"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "活动秩序员",
    "en": "someone who directs people and maintains order at an event"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "元帅",
    "en": "a military officer holding a very high rank"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A volunteer marshalled the runners into a neat line.",
    "zh": "一名志愿者把跑步者组织成了整齐的一队。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must marshal resources effectively to provide emergency housing for communities affected by severe flooding.",
    "zh": "政府必须有效调集资源，为遭受严重洪灾的社区提供应急住房。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "marshal resources｜调集资源",
   "marshal the evidence｜整理证据",
   "race marshal｜赛事秩序员",
   "field marshal｜陆军元帅"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式过去式marshalled，美式marshaled；勿混淆martial。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "marshal"
 },
 {
  "w": "pharmaceutical",
  "uk": "/ˌfɑːməˈsuːtɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˌfɑːrməˈsuːtɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "制药的；药物的",
    "en": "relating to medicines or their production"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "药品",
    "en": "a drug used as medicine"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister works in a pharmaceutical research laboratory.",
    "zh": "我姐姐在一家药物研究实验室工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Pharmaceutical companies should ensure that essential medicines remain affordable for patients in poorer communities.",
    "zh": "制药公司应确保较贫困社区的患者仍能负担得起基本药物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pharmaceutical industry｜制药业",
   "pharmaceutical company｜制药公司",
   "pharmaceutical research｜药物研究"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pharmacy (n.)",
   "pharmacist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词常用复数 pharmaceuticals，泛指药品。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pharmaceutical"
 },
 {
  "w": "bleak",
  "uk": "/bliːk/",
  "us": "/bliːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "黯淡的；无望的",
    "en": "offering little hope of improvement or success"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "荒凉的；阴冷的",
    "en": "cold, bare, and unwelcoming"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Without enough rain, the farm faces a bleak future.",
    "zh": "如果雨水不足，这座农场的前景就很黯淡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employment prospects remain bleak in rural areas where traditional industries have declined and investment is limited.",
    "zh": "在传统产业衰退且投资有限的农村地区，就业前景依然黯淡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bleak future｜黯淡的未来",
   "bleak outlook｜悲观的前景",
   "bleak landscape｜荒凉的景色"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bleakness (n.)",
   "bleakly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gloomy",
   "unpromising"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "promising",
   "hopeful"
  ],
  "tip": "既可描述荒凉阴冷的环境，也可描述无望的前景。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bleak"
 },
 {
  "w": "weary",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪəri/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "疲惫的；疲倦的",
    "en": "Very tired, especially after prolonged effort"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "厌倦的；不耐烦的",
    "en": "No longer interested in something because it continues too long"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使疲倦；感到厌倦",
    "en": "To make someone tired or become tired of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The weary hikers rested beside a stream before sunset.",
    "zh": "日落前，疲惫的徒步者们在溪边休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Commuters who endure long journeys often arrive home too weary to exercise or spend quality time with family.",
    "zh": "通勤路途漫长的人到家后往往疲惫不堪，无力锻炼或好好陪伴家人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "weary travellers｜疲惫的旅人",
   "weary of｜厌倦",
   "grow weary｜渐感疲倦"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "weariness (n.)",
   "wearily (adv.)",
   "wearisome (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tired",
   "exhausted"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "refreshed",
   "energetic"
  ],
  "tip": "weary是疲倦的；wary是警惕的，注意拼写。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "weary"
 },
 {
  "w": "mantle",
  "uk": "/ˈmæntl/",
  "us": "/ˈmæntl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "覆盖层；覆盖物",
    "en": "A layer that covers a surface or area"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地幔",
    "en": "The thick layer of Earth between its crust and core"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "职责；衣钵",
    "en": "An important role or responsibility passed to someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A mantle of snow covered the garden overnight.",
    "zh": "一夜之间，花园披上了一层白雪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Younger researchers must take on the mantle of leadership as experienced scientists retire from their positions.",
    "zh": "随着资深科学家退休，年轻研究人员必须承担起领导职责。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a mantle of snow｜一层积雪",
   "Earth's mantle｜地幔",
   "assume the mantle of｜承担……的职责"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "covering",
   "layer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mantle也可指披风；壁炉架通常拼作mantel。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mantle"
 },
 {
  "w": "ceremonial",
  "uk": "/ˌserɪˈməʊniəl/",
  "us": "/ˌserəˈmoʊniəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "仪式的；礼仪性的",
    "en": "used in or connected with a formal public ceremony"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mayor wore a ceremonial robe for the opening.",
    "zh": "市长穿着礼袍出席了开幕仪式。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional ceremonial clothing can strengthen cultural identity and connect younger generations with their community's history.",
    "zh": "传统礼仪服饰能够增强文化认同，并让年轻一代与本社区的历史建立联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ceremonial dress｜礼仪服饰",
   "ceremonial role｜礼仪性职务",
   "ceremonial occasion｜礼仪场合"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ceremony (n.)",
   "ceremonially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ritual"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ceremonial重在仪式用途；ceremonious指礼节隆重。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ceremonial"
 },
 {
  "w": "lunar",
  "uk": "/ˈluːnə/",
  "us": "/ˈluːnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "月球的；月亮的",
    "en": "Relating to the moon."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "按月相制定的；阴历的",
    "en": "Based on the changing phases of the moon."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the lunar eclipse from our garden.",
    "zh": "我们在花园里观看了月食。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Research on lunar rocks helps scientists understand how the moon and the early solar system developed.",
    "zh": "对月球岩石的研究有助于科学家了解月球及早期太阳系的演变。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lunar eclipse｜月食",
   "lunar surface｜月球表面",
   "lunar calendar｜阴历",
   "lunar mission｜探月任务"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lunar指月亮的；solar指太阳的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lunar"
 },
 {
  "w": "administer",
  "uk": "/ədˈmɪnɪstə/",
  "us": "/ədˈmɪnɪstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "管理；执行",
    "en": "to manage an organization or put a system into operation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给予药物；施行治疗",
    "en": "to give someone medicine or medical treatment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse administered the medicine before I went home.",
    "zh": "我回家前，护士给我用了药。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities administer housing programmes designed to provide affordable accommodation for families on low incomes.",
    "zh": "地方政府负责管理住房项目，为低收入家庭提供负担得起的住所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "administer a programme｜管理项目",
   "administer medication｜给药",
   "administer first aid｜实施急救",
   "administer a test｜组织测验"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "administration (n.)",
   "administrator (n.)",
   "administrative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "manage"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "给某人用药可说administer medicine to someone。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "administer"
 },
 {
  "w": "combustion",
  "uk": "/kəmˈbʌstʃən/",
  "us": "/kəmˈbʌstʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "燃烧",
    "en": "The chemical process of burning, which releases heat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The stove needs enough air for efficient combustion.",
    "zh": "炉子需要充足的空气才能高效燃烧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The combustion of fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide, contributing significantly to the rise in global temperatures.",
    "zh": "化石燃料燃烧会释放二氧化碳，是全球气温上升的重要原因之一。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fuel combustion｜燃料燃烧",
   "complete combustion｜完全燃烧",
   "internal combustion engine｜内燃机",
   "spontaneous combustion｜自燃"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "combustible (adj.)",
   "combust (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "burning"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数，是burning的科技语体表达。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "combustion"
 },
 {
  "w": "nameless",
  "uk": "/ˈneɪmləs/",
  "us": "/ˈneɪmləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无名的；未透露姓名的",
    "en": "Having no name, or having a name that remains unknown"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "难以形容的",
    "en": "Too difficult to identify or describe clearly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A nameless donor left fresh flowers outside the shelter.",
    "zh": "一位未透露姓名的捐赠者在收容所外留下了鲜花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many nameless workers contributed to the construction of monuments that now attract tourists worldwide.",
    "zh": "许多无名工人参与建造了如今吸引世界各地游客的纪念性建筑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remain nameless｜不透露姓名",
   "nameless fear｜莫名的恐惧",
   "nameless workers｜无名工人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "name (n.)",
   "name (v.)",
   "named (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unnamed",
   "anonymous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "named"
  ],
  "tip": "remain nameless指不透露姓名，不一定真的没名字。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nameless"
 },
 {
  "w": "catastrophe",
  "uk": "/kəˈtæstrəfi/",
  "us": "/kəˈtæstrəfi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灾难；大祸",
    "en": "an event causing extremely serious damage or suffering"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The flood was a catastrophe for our small village.",
    "zh": "那场洪水给我们的小村庄带来了一场灾难。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in stronger coastal defences could prevent a natural hazard from becoming a humanitarian catastrophe.",
    "zh": "投资建设更坚固的海岸防护设施，可以防止自然灾害演变为人道主义灾难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "environmental catastrophe｜环境灾难",
   "humanitarian catastrophe｜人道主义灾难",
   "avert a catastrophe｜避免一场灾难"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "catastrophic (adj.)",
   "catastrophically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disaster",
   "calamity"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比一般problem严重，常指损失惨重的灾难。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "catastrophe"
 },
 {
  "w": "wreath",
  "uk": "/riːθ/",
  "us": "/riːθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "花环；花圈",
    "en": "a ring of flowers or leaves used decoratively or ceremonially"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She hung a wreath of leaves on the door.",
    "zh": "她在门上挂了一个叶子编成的花环。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Laying a wreath at a memorial allows communities to express shared grief and honour the past.",
    "zh": "在纪念碑前敬献花圈，让社区成员能够表达共同的哀思并缅怀过去。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lay a wreath｜敬献花圈",
   "a wreath of flowers｜鲜花编成的花环",
   "laurel wreath｜月桂花冠"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wreathe (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "w不发音；复数wreaths；动词另用wreathe。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wreath"
 },
 {
  "w": "legible",
  "uk": "/ˈledʒəbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈledʒəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "字迹清楚的；易辨认的",
    "en": "Clear enough for written or printed words to be read."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your handwriting is much more legible with this pen.",
    "zh": "用这支笔写字，你的字迹清楚多了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public information should be presented in a legible format so that older residents can access essential services independently.",
    "zh": "公共信息应以清晰易读的形式呈现，让老年居民能够独立获取基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "legible handwriting｜清楚的字迹",
   "clearly legible｜清晰可辨的",
   "barely legible｜几乎无法辨认的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "legibly (adv.)",
   "legibility (n.)",
   "illegible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "readable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "illegible"
  ],
  "tip": "legible强调字形可辨；readable也可指内容易读。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "legible"
 },
 {
  "w": "gracious",
  "uk": "/ˈɡreɪʃəs/",
  "us": "/ˈɡreɪʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "亲切有礼的；宽厚的",
    "en": "kind and polite, especially when treating others generously"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "优雅舒适的",
    "en": "elegant, comfortable, and associated with wealth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our gracious host brought extra blankets for everyone.",
    "zh": "热情周到的主人给每个人都拿来了额外的毯子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public figures who remain gracious towards their critics can encourage more respectful discussion within society.",
    "zh": "公众人物若能对批评者保持宽厚有礼的态度，就能促进社会中更相互尊重的讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a gracious host｜热情有礼的主人",
   "gracious in defeat｜落败仍有风度",
   "gracious living｜优雅舒适的生活"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "graciously (adv.)",
   "graciousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "courteous",
   "kind"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rude",
   "ungracious"
  ],
  "tip": "gracious重待人有礼；graceful重动作优美。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gracious"
 },
 {
  "w": "seaman",
  "uk": "/ˈsiːmən/",
  "us": "/ˈsiːmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海员；水手",
    "en": "A person who works on a ship at sea."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The experienced seaman checked the ropes before the ship departed.",
    "zh": "这位经验丰富的水手在船出发前检查了绳索。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every seaman should receive practical safety training before joining a crew on an international shipping route.",
    "zh": "每位海员在加入国际航线船舶的船员队伍前，都应接受实用的安全培训。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an experienced seaman｜经验丰富的海员",
   "a merchant seaman｜商船海员",
   "an able seaman｜一等水手"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "seamanship (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sailor",
   "seafarer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为seamen；seafarer是常用的性别中性称呼。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seaman"
 },
 {
  "w": "arduous",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːdjuəs/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːrdʒuəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "艰巨的；艰苦的",
    "en": "requiring considerable effort and sustained hard work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The arduous climb left us exhausted but deeply satisfied.",
    "zh": "这段艰苦的攀登让我们筋疲力尽，却也十分满足。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring damaged ecosystems is an arduous process that requires sustained investment and cooperation between scientists and local communities.",
    "zh": "修复受损生态系统是一个艰巨的过程，需要持续投资以及科学家与当地社区的合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an arduous task｜艰巨的任务",
   "an arduous journey｜艰苦的旅程",
   "an arduous process｜艰难的过程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "arduously (adv.)",
   "arduousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "demanding",
   "strenuous",
   "grueling"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "easy",
   "effortless"
  ],
  "tip": "强调长期费力，常修饰task、journey、process。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arduous"
 },
 {
  "w": "expressly",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspresli/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspresli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "明确地",
    "en": "in a clear and direct way that leaves no doubt"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "专门地；特意地",
    "en": "for a particular purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I expressly asked for a room away from the lift.",
    "zh": "我明确要求安排一个远离电梯的房间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public funds allocated expressly for environmental protection should not be diverted to projects that increase industrial pollution.",
    "zh": "专门用于环境保护的公共资金，不应被挪用于加剧工业污染的项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "expressly prohibit｜明令禁止",
   "expressly state｜明确说明",
   "expressly for｜专门为了"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "express (v.)",
   "expression (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "explicitly",
   "specifically"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "implicitly"
  ],
  "tip": "勿与expressively混淆，后者指富有表现力地。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expressly"
 },
 {
  "w": "supposition",
  "uk": "/ˌsʌpəˈzɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌsʌpəˈzɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推测；假定",
    "en": "an idea accepted as true without enough evidence"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your supposition about the missing keys turned out wrong.",
    "zh": "你对钥匙丢失原因的猜测结果是错的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Education policies should be based on reliable evidence rather than supposition about how children learn.",
    "zh": "教育政策应以可靠证据为基础，而不是凭借对儿童学习方式的推测。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on the supposition that｜假定……",
   "mere supposition｜纯属推测",
   "based on supposition｜基于推测"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suppose (v.)",
   "supposed (adj.)",
   "supposedly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assumption",
   "conjecture"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fact"
  ],
  "tip": "可指一个假设，也可泛指推测；不等于已证实的事实。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "supposition"
 },
 {
  "w": "thermal",
  "uk": "/ˈθɜːməl/",
  "us": "/ˈθɝːməl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "热的；与热量有关的",
    "en": "Relating to heat"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "保暖的；保温的",
    "en": "Designed to keep heat from escaping"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "上升热气流",
    "en": "A rising current of warm air"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our thermal camera shows where heat escapes the house.",
    "zh": "我们的热成像相机能显示房屋哪些地方在散热。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving thermal insulation in older buildings can reduce energy consumption and make homes more comfortable during winter.",
    "zh": "改善老旧建筑的隔热性能可以减少能源消耗，让住宅在冬季更加舒适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thermal energy｜热能",
   "thermal insulation｜隔热；保温",
   "thermal imaging｜热成像",
   "thermal underwear｜保暖内衣"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "thermally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "thermal可指与热有关，也可指衣物保暖。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thermal"
 },
 {
  "w": "differentiate",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪfəˈrenʃieɪt/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪfəˈrenʃieɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "区分；辨别",
    "en": "To recognize or explain the differences between things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使有别于",
    "en": "To make something different from other similar things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you differentiate these two birds by their songs?",
    "zh": "你能根据鸣叫声分辨这两种鸟吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should teach students to differentiate between reliable evidence and unsupported claims in online media.",
    "zh": "学校应教学生区分网络媒体中可靠的证据和缺乏依据的说法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "differentiate between｜区分两者",
   "differentiate A from B｜区分甲与乙",
   "differentiate products｜使产品差异化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "differentiation (n.)",
   "different (adj.)",
   "difference (n.)",
   "differ (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "distinguish"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用differentiate between A and B。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "differentiate"
 },
 {
  "w": "sluggish",
  "uk": "/ˈslʌɡɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈslʌɡɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "行动迟缓的；无精打采的",
    "en": "moving or responding slowly, often from lack of energy"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "发展缓慢的；不景气的",
    "en": "growing or operating more slowly than expected"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt sluggish after eating such a large lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭吃得太多，我感觉懒洋洋的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sluggish economic growth can discourage investment and limit employment opportunities for recent university graduates.",
    "zh": "经济增长乏力会抑制投资，并限制大学应届毕业生的就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel sluggish｜感觉无精打采",
   "sluggish growth｜增长乏力",
   "sluggish response｜反应迟缓"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sluggishly (adv.)",
   "sluggishness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "slow",
   "lethargic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "energetic",
   "brisk"
  ],
  "tip": "既形容人没精神，也形容经济或系统运转慢。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sluggish"
 },
 {
  "w": "embroider",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈbrɔɪdə/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈbrɔɪdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刺绣；绣上图案",
    "en": "To decorate cloth by sewing patterns with thread."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "添油加醋地讲述",
    "en": "To make a story more interesting by adding invented details."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt embroidered tiny flowers around the pillow's edge.",
    "zh": "我姑姑在枕头边缘绣了一圈小花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local artisans embroider traditional patterns on clothing, preserving cultural knowledge while creating products that appeal to visitors.",
    "zh": "当地工匠在衣物上绣上传统图案，在保存文化知识的同时制作吸引游客的产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "embroider a pattern｜绣图案",
   "embroider flowers on cloth｜在布上绣花",
   "embroider with silk thread｜用丝线刺绣",
   "embroider a story｜给故事添油加醋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "embroidery (n.)",
   "embroiderer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "embroider是在布上绣花，不是用毛线织物的knit。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "embroider"
 },
 {
  "w": "papercut",
  "uk": "/ˈpeɪpəkʌt/",
  "us": "/ˈpeɪpərkʌt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "剪纸作品；刻纸作品",
    "en": "A decorative picture made by cutting shapes from paper"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She framed a delicate papercut of birds and flowers.",
    "zh": "她把一幅精巧的花鸟剪纸装进了画框。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Displaying traditional papercuts in community museums can help younger generations appreciate local craft skills and cultural heritage.",
    "zh": "在社区博物馆展示传统剪纸，有助于年轻一代欣赏当地手工技艺和文化遗产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a traditional papercut｜传统剪纸作品",
   "an intricate papercut｜精细的剪纸作品",
   "papercut art｜剪纸艺术"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "papercutting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "剪纸艺术常用papercutting；纸划伤通常写paper cut。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "papercut"
 },
 {
  "w": "homogeneous",
  "uk": "/ˌhɒməˈdʒiːniəs/",
  "us": "/ˌhoʊməˈdʒiːniəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "同质的；均匀一致的",
    "en": "Consisting of parts or people that are all similar"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Stir the sauce until the mixture is completely homogeneous.",
    "zh": "搅拌酱汁，直到混合物完全均匀。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Treating urban populations as homogeneous can lead planners to overlook important differences in residents' needs.",
    "zh": "将城市人口视为同质群体，可能导致规划者忽视居民需求的重要差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "homogeneous mixture｜均匀混合物",
   "homogeneous group｜同质群体",
   "relatively homogeneous｜相对同质的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "homogeneity (n.)",
   "homogeneously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "uniform"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "heterogeneous"
  ],
  "tip": "强调组成部分相似或一致，反义词为heterogeneous。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "homogeneous"
 },
 {
  "w": "morality",
  "uk": "/məˈræləti/",
  "us": "/məˈræləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "道德；道德准则",
    "en": "Beliefs and principles about what is right and wrong"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "道德性；是否合乎道德",
    "en": "The degree to which an action is right or wrong"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our family discussed morality after finding a lost wallet.",
    "zh": "捡到一个钱包后，我们一家讨论了道德问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The morality of animal testing remains controversial, particularly when potential medical benefits conflict with concerns about animal welfare.",
    "zh": "动物实验是否合乎道德仍有争议，尤其是在潜在医疗益处与动物福利考量发生冲突时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public morality｜社会公德",
   "personal morality｜个人道德观",
   "the morality of an action｜某一行为的道德性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "moral (adj.)",
   "morally (adv.)",
   "immoral (adj.)",
   "immorality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ethics"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "immorality"
  ],
  "tip": "moral是形容词；morality是名词，常为不可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "morality"
 },
 {
  "w": "uncap",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈkæp/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈkæp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "取下盖子",
    "en": "To remove the cap from a container or pen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She uncapped the bottle and poured everyone some juice.",
    "zh": "她打开瓶盖，给大家倒了些果汁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Laboratory staff should uncap sample containers carefully to prevent contamination and maintain reliable research results.",
    "zh": "实验室工作人员应小心打开样本容器的盖子，以防污染并确保研究结果可靠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "uncap a bottle｜打开瓶盖",
   "uncap a pen｜拔下笔帽",
   "uncap a container｜取下容器盖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cap (n.)",
   "cap (v.)",
   "recap (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "cap"
  ],
  "tip": "特指取下盖子；过去式uncapped，进行式uncapping。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "uncap"
 },
 {
  "w": "consensus",
  "uk": "/kənˈsensəs/",
  "us": "/kənˈsensəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "共识；普遍一致的意见",
    "en": "General agreement among members of a group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We finally reached a consensus on where to eat.",
    "zh": "我们终于就去哪里吃饭达成了共识。"
   },
   {
    "en": "There is a broad consensus among researchers that early childhood education can improve children's future learning outcomes.",
    "zh": "研究人员普遍认为，幼儿教育能改善儿童未来的学习成效。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reach a consensus｜达成共识",
   "broad consensus｜广泛共识",
   "consensus on｜关于……的共识",
   "build consensus｜凝聚共识"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consensual (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "agreement"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disagreement"
  ],
  "tip": "常用reach a consensus on；共识未必全票一致。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consensus"
 },
 {
  "w": "mistress",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪstrəs/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪstrəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "情妇；婚外女伴",
    "en": "A woman having a relationship with someone married to another person."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女主人",
    "en": "A woman who owns or controls a household, in older usage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女能手；女专家",
    "en": "A woman highly skilled in a particular activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "In the novel, he buys his mistress a necklace.",
    "zh": "在这部小说中，他给情妇买了一条项链。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historical novels often portray a wealthy man's mistress as financially dependent, reflecting unequal opportunities for women.",
    "zh": "历史小说常把富人的情妇描写为经济上依附他人的女性，反映出女性机会的不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have a mistress｜有情妇",
   "mistress of the house｜一家之女主人",
   "mistress of her craft｜精通技艺的女性"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可当作妻子或普通女友；女主人义较陈旧。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mistress"
 },
 {
  "w": "hideous",
  "uk": "/ˈhɪdiəs/",
  "us": "/ˈhɪdiəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极丑的；令人厌恶的",
    "en": "extremely ugly or unpleasant"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "骇人的；可怕的",
    "en": "extremely shocking or terrible"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That hideous carpet clashes with everything in the room.",
    "zh": "那块难看的地毯与房间里的一切都不搭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poorly planned developments can create hideous buildings that damage the visual character of historic neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "规划不当的开发项目可能造出极其难看的建筑，破坏历史街区的视觉风貌。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a hideous building｜极丑的建筑",
   "a hideous mistake｜可怕的错误",
   "hideous noise｜令人难受的噪声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hideously (adv.)",
   "hideousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ugly",
   "ghastly",
   "horrible"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "beautiful"
  ],
  "tip": "语气很强，常形容极丑的外观或可怕的事。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hideous"
 },
 {
  "w": "ammonia",
  "uk": "/əˈməʊniə/",
  "us": "/əˈmoʊniə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "氨；氨水",
    "en": "A strong-smelling gas also dissolved in water for cleaning."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This cleaning liquid contains ammonia, so keep the window open.",
    "zh": "这种清洁液含有氨，所以要开着窗户。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ammonia emissions from agriculture can contribute to air pollution and damage sensitive natural habitats.",
    "zh": "农业产生的氨排放会加剧空气污染，并破坏脆弱的自然栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ammonia solution｜氨水",
   "ammonia emissions｜氨排放",
   "ammonia production｜氨生产"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；既可指氨气，也可指氨水。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ammonia"
 },
 {
  "w": "erection",
  "uk": "/ɪˈrekʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪˈrekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "建造；竖立",
    "en": "the act of building or putting a structure upright"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "勃起",
    "en": "a state in which the penis becomes firm and enlarged"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The erection of our garden shed took all afternoon.",
    "zh": "搭建我们的花园棚屋花了整整一个下午。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The erection of temporary flood barriers can protect vulnerable homes while permanent defences are being constructed.",
    "zh": "在永久防洪设施施工期间，搭建临时防洪屏障可以保护易受灾的住宅。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "erection of scaffolding｜脚手架搭设",
   "erection of a monument｜纪念碑的竖立",
   "steel erection｜钢结构安装"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "erect (v.)",
   "erect (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "construction"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "demolition"
  ],
  "tip": "建造义较正式，常接of；也有生理含义，须看语境。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "erection"
 },
 {
  "w": "allegiance",
  "uk": "/əˈliːdʒəns/",
  "us": "/əˈliːdʒəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "忠诚；效忠",
    "en": "Loyalty and support given to a country, group, or leader."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Despite moving abroad, he kept his allegiance to his hometown club.",
    "zh": "尽管移居国外，他仍忠于家乡的俱乐部。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Political allegiance can influence how voters interpret economic policies and assess the performance of elected officials.",
    "zh": "政治立场上的忠诚会影响选民如何解读经济政策，以及如何评价当选官员的表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pledge allegiance to｜宣誓效忠于",
   "political allegiance｜政治上的效忠",
   "switch allegiance｜转而效忠"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "loyalty",
   "devotion"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disloyalty"
  ],
  "tip": "效忠对象用to引出：allegiance to a country。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "allegiance"
 },
 {
  "w": "fatigue",
  "uk": "/fəˈtiːɡ/",
  "us": "/fəˈtiːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疲劳；疲乏",
    "en": "extreme tiredness caused by effort, stress, or illness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "材料疲劳",
    "en": "weakening of a material after repeated stress"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After the long hike, fatigue made my legs shake.",
    "zh": "长途徒步后，我累得双腿发抖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Persistent fatigue can reduce employees' concentration and increase the likelihood of accidents in the workplace.",
    "zh": "持续疲劳会降低员工的注意力，并增加工作场所发生事故的可能性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chronic fatigue｜慢性疲劳",
   "mental fatigue｜精神疲劳",
   "muscle fatigue｜肌肉疲劳",
   "metal fatigue｜金属疲劳"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fatigued (adj.)",
   "fatiguing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "exhaustion",
   "tiredness"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词，比tiredness更正式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fatigue"
 },
 {
  "w": "outlandish",
  "uk": "/aʊtˈlændɪʃ/",
  "us": "/aʊtˈlændɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "稀奇古怪的；荒诞的",
    "en": "extremely unusual or strange, often seeming unreasonable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He arrived wearing an outlandish hat shaped like a pineapple.",
    "zh": "他戴着一顶形似菠萝的古怪帽子来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although some environmental proposals initially seem outlandish, they may eventually inspire practical solutions to urban pollution.",
    "zh": "虽然一些环保提议起初看似荒诞，却可能最终为解决城市污染提供切实可行的思路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an outlandish idea｜荒诞的想法",
   "outlandish clothes｜奇装异服",
   "an outlandish claim｜离谱的说法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "outlandishly (adv.)",
   "outlandishness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bizarre",
   "eccentric",
   "unconventional"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ordinary",
   "conventional"
  ],
  "tip": "强调异乎寻常，常带惊讶或不赞同的语气。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outlandish"
 },
 {
  "w": "explanatory",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈsplænətri/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsplænətɔːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "解释性的；说明的",
    "en": "Giving information that makes something easier to understand."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The recipe includes explanatory pictures for each tricky step.",
    "zh": "这份食谱为每个难操作的步骤都配上了说明图片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns should provide explanatory materials that help people understand both the benefits and limitations of medical screening.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传应提供说明材料，帮助人们了解医学筛查的益处和局限。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "explanatory notes｜说明性注释",
   "explanatory material｜说明材料",
   "explanatory power｜解释力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "explain (v.)",
   "explanation (n.)",
   "self-explanatory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clarifying"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常修饰notes、material；self-explanatory指不言自明的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "explanatory"
 },
 {
  "w": "commence",
  "uk": "/kəˈmens/",
  "us": "/kəˈmens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开始；着手",
    "en": "to begin something or start happening"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The evening concert will commence after a short welcome.",
    "zh": "简短的欢迎致辞后，晚间音乐会将开始。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Construction of the new railway will commence once the environmental assessment has been completed.",
    "zh": "环境评估完成后，新铁路的建设将启动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commence work｜开始工作",
   "commence proceedings｜开始诉讼程序",
   "commence with｜以……开始"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "commencement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "begin",
   "start"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "finish",
   "end"
  ],
  "tip": "比start正式；可接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commence"
 },
 {
  "w": "rhetoric",
  "uk": "/ˈretərɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈretərɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "空洞的辞藻；花言巧语",
    "en": "Impressive language that may lack sincerity or practical substance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "修辞；修辞学",
    "en": "The skill or study of using language to persuade."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We need real help, not more rhetoric about teamwork.",
    "zh": "我们需要实际帮助，而不是更多关于团队合作的空话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must move beyond environmental rhetoric and introduce measurable policies to reduce industrial pollution.",
    "zh": "政府必须超越环保空谈，推出成效可衡量的政策来减少工业污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "empty rhetoric｜空洞的言辞",
   "political rhetoric｜政治辞令",
   "the art of rhetoric｜修辞艺术"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rhetorical (adj.)",
   "rhetorically (adv.)",
   "rhetorician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是名词；形容词为rhetorical，可含贬义。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rhetoric"
 },
 {
  "w": "pretext",
  "uk": "/ˈpriːtekst/",
  "us": "/ˈpriːtekst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "借口；托辞",
    "en": "A stated reason that hides someone's real purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He used a headache as a pretext to leave.",
    "zh": "他以头痛为借口离开了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies should not use economic uncertainty as a pretext for abandoning their environmental commitments.",
    "zh": "企业不应以经济不确定性为借口，放弃其环保承诺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "under the pretext of｜以……为借口",
   "a pretext for doing something｜做某事的借口",
   "on some pretext｜以某种借口"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "excuse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调掩盖真实目的的借口；常接for或of。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pretext"
 },
 {
  "w": "pounce",
  "uk": "/paʊns/",
  "us": "/paʊns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猛扑；突然袭击",
    "en": "To jump suddenly towards something to catch or attack it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "立即抓住机会或错误",
    "en": "To seize an opportunity or criticise a mistake immediately."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "猛扑；突袭",
    "en": "A sudden jump towards something to catch or attack it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our kitten pounced on a leaf blowing across the garden.",
    "zh": "我们的小猫猛扑向一片被风吹过花园的叶子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "News outlets often pounce on minor errors, distracting audiences from more important policy debates.",
    "zh": "新闻媒体常常抓住小错误不放，使受众忽略更重要的政策讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pounce on prey｜猛扑向猎物",
   "pounce on an opportunity｜立即抓住机会",
   "pounce on a mistake｜揪住错误不放"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常接on，既可指猛扑，也可指抓住机会或错误。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pounce"
 },
 {
  "w": "pioneering",
  "uk": "/ˌpaɪəˈnɪərɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌpaɪəˈnɪrɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "开创性的；先驱性的",
    "en": "Introducing important new ideas or methods before others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her pioneering design lets wheelchair users reach every shelf.",
    "zh": "她的开创性设计让轮椅使用者能够够到每一层架子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Pioneering research into energy storage could make renewable electricity more reliable and reduce dependence on fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "储能领域的开创性研究可能提高可再生电力的可靠性，并减少对化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pioneering research｜开创性研究",
   "pioneering work｜开创性工作",
   "pioneering approach｜创新方法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pioneer (n.)",
   "pioneer (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "groundbreaking",
   "innovative",
   "trailblazing"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常作形容词；指先驱人物用名词pioneer。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pioneering"
 },
 {
  "w": "undertaking",
  "uk": "/ˌʌndəˈteɪkɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌʌndərˈteɪkɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重大任务；事业",
    "en": "A task or project, especially one requiring considerable effort."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "正式承诺；保证",
    "en": "A formal promise to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Renovating this old house is a much bigger undertaking.",
    "zh": "翻修这栋老房子是一项艰巨得多的任务。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building a nationwide railway network is a major undertaking that requires sustained investment and careful planning.",
    "zh": "建设全国性铁路网是一项重大工程，需要持续投资和周密规划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a major undertaking｜重大任务",
   "a joint undertaking｜共同承担的项目",
   "give an undertaking｜作出正式承诺"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "undertake (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enterprise",
   "project",
   "pledge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作“承诺”时常用give an undertaking to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "undertaking"
 },
 {
  "w": "neutralize",
  "uk": "/ˈnjuːtrəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈnuːtrəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抵消；使失效",
    "en": "to stop something from having an effect"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使中和",
    "en": "to make an acid or alkali chemically neutral"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This spray helps neutralize unpleasant smells in the kitchen.",
    "zh": "这种喷雾有助于消除厨房里的异味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers sometimes add lime to acidic soil to neutralize excess acidity and improve conditions for crop growth.",
    "zh": "农民有时会向酸性土壤中施加石灰，中和过多的酸性，改善作物生长条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "neutralize an acid｜中和酸",
   "neutralize a threat｜消除威胁",
   "neutralize the effects｜抵消影响",
   "neutralize odours｜消除异味"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "neutral (adj.)",
   "neutralization (n.)",
   "neutrality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "counteract",
   "cancel out"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也拼neutralise；强调抵消作用，不一定移除物体。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "neutralize"
 },
 {
  "w": "aspiration",
  "uk": "/ˌæspəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌæspəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抱负；志向",
    "en": "A strong hope or ambition to achieve something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "送气",
    "en": "A breath of air released when pronouncing certain speech sounds."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her greatest aspiration is to open a small bakery.",
    "zh": "她最大的愿望是开一家小面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to affordable higher education can help young people fulfil their aspirations, regardless of their family income.",
    "zh": "无论家庭收入如何，获得负担得起的高等教育都能帮助年轻人实现抱负。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "career aspirations｜职业抱负",
   "fulfil an aspiration｜实现抱负",
   "aspiration to succeed｜成功的志向"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aspire (v.)",
   "aspiring (adj.)",
   "aspirational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ambition",
   "goal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "抱负义常用复数；aspiration to do表示做某事的志向。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aspiration"
 },
 {
  "w": "conception",
  "uk": "/kənˈsepʃən/",
  "us": "/kənˈsepʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "概念；理解；构想",
    "en": "an idea or understanding of what something is like"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "受孕",
    "en": "the process in which an egg is fertilised, beginning pregnancy"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "构思；创始",
    "en": "the formation of a plan or idea"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His conception of a perfect holiday involves no phones.",
    "zh": "在他看来，完美的假期是不碰手机的假期。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to green spaces can broaden children's conception of nature beyond what they learn in classrooms.",
    "zh": "接触绿地能拓宽儿童对自然的认识，使其不局限于课堂所学。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conception of｜对……的理解",
   "from conception to completion｜从构思到完成",
   "a broad conception｜宽泛的理解",
   "the moment of conception｜受孕时刻"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conceive (v.)",
   "conceivable (adj.)",
   "inconceivable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "notion",
   "idea"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "conception of指对事物的理解；也可表示受孕。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conception"
 },
 {
  "w": "conscientiously",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒnʃiˈenʃəsli/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːnʃiˈenʃəsli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "认真负责地；尽职地",
    "en": "With care and a strong sense of responsibility."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse conscientiously checked every item in the kit.",
    "zh": "护士认真负责地检查了工具包里的每件物品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers who conscientiously review individual progress can identify learning difficulties before students fall significantly behind.",
    "zh": "认真评估每个学生进步情况的教师，能够在学生明显落后之前发现学习困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "work conscientiously｜尽职尽责地工作",
   "conscientiously carry out duties｜认真履行职责"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conscientious (adj.)",
   "conscientiousness (n.)",
   "conscience (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "diligently",
   "meticulously"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "carelessly",
   "negligently"
  ],
  "tip": "强调责任心与认真态度，不只是动作小心。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conscientiously"
 },
 {
  "w": "faction",
  "uk": "/ˈfækʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈfækʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "派别；派系",
    "en": "A subgroup whose views conflict with others in a larger group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One faction of our club wants a new leader.",
    "zh": "我们俱乐部中的一个派别想换一位新负责人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A powerful faction within the ruling party opposed the proposed reforms to the national education system.",
    "zh": "执政党内一个强大的派系反对拟议中的国家教育体制改革。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rival factions｜对立派系",
   "political faction｜政治派别",
   "a faction within the party｜党内派系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "factional (adj.)",
   "factionalism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "camp",
   "splinter group"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指大组织内意见对立的小集团，尤用于政治。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "faction"
 },
 {
  "w": "aboriginal",
  "uk": "/ˌæbəˈrɪdʒənəl/",
  "us": "/ˌæbəˈrɪdʒənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "原住民的；土著的",
    "en": "Relating to the earliest known inhabitants of a region"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "澳大利亚原住民的",
    "en": "Relating to Australia's Aboriginal peoples, cultures, or languages"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The exhibition celebrates aboriginal cultures from several different regions.",
    "zh": "这个展览展示并赞颂了几个不同地区的原住民文化。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting aboriginal languages requires sustained funding and close cooperation with the communities that speak them.",
    "zh": "保护原住民语言需要持续的资金支持，并与使用这些语言的社区密切合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "aboriginal peoples｜原住民族",
   "Aboriginal culture｜澳大利亚原住民文化",
   "Aboriginal communities｜澳大利亚原住民社区"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "indigenous"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指澳大利亚原住民时首字母大写；避免单独作名词称人。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aboriginal"
 },
 {
  "w": "offset",
  "uk": "/ˌɒfˈset/",
  "us": "/ˌɔːfˈset/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抵消；补偿",
    "en": "to balance or reduce the effect of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My shorter commute offsets the higher rent here.",
    "zh": "通勤时间缩短弥补了这里租金较高的不足。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting trees can offset some carbon emissions, but reducing fossil fuel consumption remains essential.",
    "zh": "植树可以抵消一部分碳排放，但减少化石燃料消耗仍然至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "offset the cost｜抵消成本",
   "offset carbon emissions｜抵消碳排放",
   "offset the impact｜抵消影响"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "counterbalance",
   "counteract"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词仍为offset；现在分词为offsetting。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "offset"
 },
 {
  "w": "arable",
  "uk": "/ˈærəbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈærəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可耕的；种植作物的",
    "en": "Suitable for or used for growing crops."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The family grows potatoes on a small arable field.",
    "zh": "这家人在一小块耕地上种土豆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid urban expansion is reducing the amount of arable land available for food production in many regions.",
    "zh": "在许多地区，城市的快速扩张正在减少可用于粮食生产的耕地面积。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "arable land｜耕地",
   "arable farming｜种植业",
   "arable crops｜大田作物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cultivable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uncultivable"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰land；强调可种作物，不指单纯放牧用地。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arable"
 },
 {
  "w": "truce",
  "uk": "/truːs/",
  "us": "/truːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "停战；休战协议",
    "en": "An agreement to stop fighting or arguing for a time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After arguing all morning, the neighbours called a truce.",
    "zh": "争吵了一上午后，邻居们暂时休战了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A temporary truce can allow aid workers to deliver essential supplies to communities affected by conflict.",
    "zh": "临时停战可以让援助人员向受冲突影响的社区运送必需物资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "call a truce｜宣布休战",
   "agree to a truce｜同意停战",
   "a temporary truce｜临时停战",
   "break a truce｜破坏休战协议"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "ceasefire",
   "armistice"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指暂时停止冲突，不等于永久和平。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "truce"
 },
 {
  "w": "exuberant",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzjuːbərənt/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzuːbərənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "兴高采烈的；热情洋溢的",
    "en": "full of energy, excitement, and happiness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "繁茂的；丰富华丽的",
    "en": "growing abundantly or richly decorated and imaginative"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The exuberant puppy bounced around the garden all morning.",
    "zh": "那只活力十足的小狗整个上午都在花园里蹦来蹦去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Exuberant celebrations at international sporting events can create a powerful sense of shared identity among spectators.",
    "zh": "国际体育赛事中热情洋溢的庆祝活动能让观众产生强烈的共同认同感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exuberant enthusiasm｜高涨的热情",
   "an exuberant personality｜热情奔放的性格",
   "exuberant growth｜繁茂的生长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exuberance (n.)",
   "exuberantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ebullient",
   "high-spirited"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "subdued"
  ],
  "tip": "核心是活力或丰富程度高，不等于“华而不实”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exuberant"
 },
 {
  "w": "oxide",
  "uk": "/ˈɒksaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːksaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "氧化物",
    "en": "A compound consisting of oxygen and another chemical element."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This sunscreen contains zinc oxide to protect your skin.",
    "zh": "这款防晒霜含有氧化锌，可以保护皮肤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Nitrogen oxides released by vehicle engines contribute to air pollution and can damage human health.",
    "zh": "汽车发动机排放的氮氧化物会造成空气污染，并可能损害人体健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "zinc oxide｜氧化锌",
   "iron oxide｜氧化铁",
   "nitrogen oxides｜氮氧化物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "oxidise (v.)",
   "oxidation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "oxide为氧化物统称，dioxide指二氧化物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oxide"
 },
 {
  "w": "inscribe",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈskraɪb/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈskraɪb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "题写；刻写",
    "en": "write or carve words on an object, often permanently"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The jeweller inscribed our initials inside the silver ring.",
    "zh": "珠宝匠把我们姓名的首字母刻在了银戒指内侧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Communities often inscribe memorial stones with personal stories to preserve local history for future generations.",
    "zh": "社区常在纪念石上刻下个人故事，为后代保存地方历史。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inscribe a name on｜把名字刻在……上",
   "be inscribed with｜刻有；题有",
   "inscribe a dedication｜题写献词"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inscription (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "engrave",
   "carve"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用inscribe A on B或inscribe B with A，非普通记笔记。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inscribe"
 },
 {
  "w": "handicap",
  "uk": "/ˈhændɪkæp/",
  "us": "/ˈhændikæp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不利条件；障碍",
    "en": "A disadvantage that makes success or progress more difficult."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "妨碍；使处于不利地位",
    "en": "To make it harder for someone to succeed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "让分；差点",
    "en": "A scoring adjustment allowing players of different abilities to compete fairly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Without a car, the distance became a real handicap.",
    "zh": "没有车，这段距离成了实实在在的障碍。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Limited access to reliable internet can be a serious handicap for students in remote communities.",
    "zh": "对于偏远社区的学生来说，难以获得可靠的网络连接可能是一个严重的不利条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a serious handicap｜严重的不利条件",
   "a golf handicap｜高尔夫差点",
   "be handicapped by｜受……妨碍"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "disadvantage",
   "obstacle"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "advantage"
  ],
  "tip": "指残疾或残疾人士时已过时，宜用disability。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "用于指残疾或残疾人士时已过时，可能冒犯。",
  "id": "handicap"
 },
 {
  "w": "generalization",
  "uk": "/ˌdʒenrəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdʒenrələˈzeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "概括；笼统论断",
    "en": "A broad statement based on particular cases, sometimes without enough evidence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "概括过程；归纳",
    "en": "The process of forming general conclusions from particular examples."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Calling all teenagers lazy is an unfair generalization.",
    "zh": "说所有青少年都懒惰，是一种不公平的笼统论断。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should avoid making a generalization about an entire population from a small, unrepresentative sample.",
    "zh": "研究人员应避免根据规模小且缺乏代表性的样本，对整个群体作出概括。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a generalization｜作出概括",
   "sweeping generalization｜过于笼统的论断",
   "broad generalization｜宽泛的概括",
   "hasty generalization｜草率的概括"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "general (adj.)",
   "generalize (v.)",
   "generally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也写 generalisation；概括未必可靠。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "generalization"
 },
 {
  "w": "transplant",
  "uk": "/trænsˈplɑːnt/",
  "us": "/trænsˈplænt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "移植器官；移栽",
    "en": "To move an organ or plant into a new location."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "移植手术；移植器官",
    "en": "An operation transferring an organ, or the organ transferred."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We transplant the seedlings once their roots are strong.",
    "zh": "等幼苗的根长壮了，我们就进行移栽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in medicine have made it possible to transplant organs successfully and improve patients' quality of life.",
    "zh": "医学进步使成功移植器官成为可能，并改善了患者的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "transplant seedlings｜移栽幼苗",
   "a kidney transplant｜肾移植",
   "an organ transplant｜器官移植",
   "transplant surgery｜移植手术"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transplantation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词重音在后，名词重音在前；既可指器官也可指植物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transplant"
 },
 {
  "w": "uphold",
  "uk": "/ʌpˈhəʊld/",
  "us": "/ʌpˈhoʊld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "维护；捍卫",
    "en": "To support and maintain a principle, right, or standard"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "维持原判；确认有效",
    "en": "To confirm that an earlier decision remains valid"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our coach always tries to uphold fair play.",
    "zh": "我们的教练总是努力维护公平竞赛的原则。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent courts help uphold citizens' rights by ensuring that public authorities act within the law.",
    "zh": "独立的法院通过确保公共机构依法行事，帮助维护公民权利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "uphold the law｜维护法律",
   "uphold human rights｜维护人权",
   "uphold a decision｜维持决定",
   "uphold standards｜维护标准"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "maintain",
   "defend"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "overturn"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式、过去分词均为upheld；常接权利或裁决。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "uphold"
 },
 {
  "w": "expiration",
  "uk": "/ˌekspəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌekspəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "到期；期满",
    "en": "the end of the period when something remains valid"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Check the expiration date before you buy the yoghurt.",
    "zh": "买酸奶前检查一下到期日期。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The expiration of temporary work permits can create uncertainty for both employees and local businesses.",
    "zh": "临时工作许可到期会给雇员和当地企业带来不确定性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "expiration date｜到期日期",
   "expiration of a contract｜合同期满",
   "before expiration｜到期之前"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expire (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "expiry"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示到期时，美式常用expiration，英式常用expiry。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expiration"
 },
 {
  "w": "conformity",
  "uk": "/kənˈfɔːməti/",
  "us": "/kənˈfɔːrməti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "遵从；从众",
    "en": "Behaviour that follows accepted rules, standards, or group expectations."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our art teacher encourages creativity rather than strict conformity.",
    "zh": "我们的美术老师鼓励创造，而不是一味墨守成规。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strong pressure for conformity in schools may discourage students from questioning established ideas and developing independent judgement.",
    "zh": "学校里强烈的从众压力可能阻碍学生质疑既有观念和培养独立判断力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "social conformity｜社会从众",
   "conformity to standards｜遵守标准",
   "in conformity with｜符合；遵照",
   "pressure for conformity｜要求一致的压力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conform (v.)",
   "conformist (n.)",
   "nonconformity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "compliance"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "nonconformity"
  ],
  "tip": "in conformity with表示符合或遵照某规则。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conformity"
 },
 {
  "w": "formality",
  "uk": "/fɔːˈmæləti/",
  "us": "/fɔːrˈmæləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "例行手续；必要程序",
    "en": "A required procedure, often unlikely to change the outcome."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "正式；拘谨",
    "en": "The quality of following official rules or social conventions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Signing this final document is just a formality.",
    "zh": "签署这份最后的文件只是走个手续。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive formality in classroom discussions may discourage students from expressing their opinions openly and confidently.",
    "zh": "课堂讨论中过于拘谨，可能会让学生不愿坦率、自信地表达观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a mere formality｜纯粹的例行手续",
   "complete the formalities｜办完手续",
   "legal formalities｜法律手续"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "formal (adj.)",
   "formally (adv.)",
   "informal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "手续常用复数formalities；正式、拘谨为不可数义。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "formality"
 },
 {
  "w": "tedious",
  "uk": "/ˈtiːdiəs/",
  "us": "/ˈtiːdiəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冗长乏味的；单调的",
    "en": "boring because it continues too long or involves repeated actions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sorting all these old receipts is a tedious job.",
    "zh": "整理这些旧收据是一件单调乏味的差事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Automation can free employees from tedious tasks, allowing them to focus on more creative and rewarding work.",
    "zh": "自动化可以让员工摆脱单调的任务，专注于更有创意和成就感的工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tedious task｜乏味的任务",
   "tedious process｜冗长乏味的过程",
   "tedious paperwork｜繁琐的文书工作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tedium (n.)",
   "tediously (adv.)",
   "tediousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "boring",
   "monotonous",
   "wearisome"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "engaging",
   "stimulating"
  ],
  "tip": "常形容因耗时长或反复重复而乏味的任务。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tedious"
 },
 {
  "w": "outlay",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊtleɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊtleɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "支出；开支",
    "en": "Money spent on a particular purpose, especially when starting something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our initial outlay included tools and a sturdy workbench.",
    "zh": "我们的初期开支包括工具和一张结实的工作台。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although solar panels require a substantial initial outlay, they can reduce household energy costs over time.",
    "zh": "虽然安装太阳能板需要一笔可观的前期支出，但长远来看能降低家庭能源费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "initial outlay｜初期支出",
   "capital outlay｜资本支出",
   "a substantial outlay｜大笔开支"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "expenditure",
   "expense"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指启动项目时的开支，常搭配initial或capital。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outlay"
 },
 {
  "w": "angular",
  "uk": "/ˈæŋɡjələ/",
  "us": "/ˈæŋɡjələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有棱角的；尖角的",
    "en": "Having sharp corners or clearly defined angles."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "瘦削的；骨感的",
    "en": "Thin, with bones and joints that appear prominent."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The angular table looked striking beside our curved sofa.",
    "zh": "那张棱角分明的桌子放在我们的弧形沙发旁格外醒目。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The museum's angular design contrasts sharply with the rounded forms commonly found in the surrounding landscape.",
    "zh": "这座博物馆棱角分明的设计与周围景观中常见的圆润形态形成鲜明对比。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "angular shape｜有棱角的形状",
   "angular features｜棱角分明的五官",
   "angular design｜棱角分明的设计"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "angle (n.)",
   "angularity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "rounded"
  ],
  "tip": "形容外形棱角分明，也可形容人瘦削。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "angular"
 },
 {
  "w": "restock",
  "uk": "/ˌriːˈstɒk/",
  "us": "/ˌriːˈstɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "补充存货；重新进货",
    "en": "To replace goods that have been sold or used."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We need to restock the fridge before our guests arrive.",
    "zh": "客人到来之前，我们得给冰箱补些食物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Retailers increasingly use digital systems to predict demand and restock shelves before products sell out.",
    "zh": "零售商越来越多地使用数字系统预测需求，并在商品售罄前补充货架库存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "restock shelves｜补充货架商品",
   "restock the fridge｜补充冰箱食品",
   "restock with fresh supplies｜补充新物资"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stock (n.)",
   "stock (v.)",
   "restocking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "replenish"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用restock A with B，表示用B补充A的存货。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "restock"
 },
 {
  "w": "feud",
  "uk": "/fjuːd/",
  "us": "/fjuːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "长期不和；世仇",
    "en": "A bitter disagreement continuing for a long time."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "长期争斗；结怨",
    "en": "To remain in a bitter, continuing conflict with someone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The neighbours ended their feud over the garden fence.",
    "zh": "邻居们结束了围绕花园围栏的长期争执。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A long-running feud between community leaders can prevent cooperation on projects that would benefit local residents.",
    "zh": "社区领导人之间的长期不和可能阻碍那些有益于当地居民的项目合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "family feud｜家族纷争",
   "long-running feud｜长期争端",
   "feud with someone｜与某人长期不和"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "conflict",
   "quarrel"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调持续很久的敌对或争执，而非一次口角。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "feud"
 },
 {
  "w": "potion",
  "uk": "/ˈpəʊʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈpoʊʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "魔法药水；药剂",
    "en": "A drink believed to have magical or medicinal effects."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "In the story, a potion turns the prince invisible.",
    "zh": "故事里，一种魔法药水让王子隐了身。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The magical potion remains a familiar device in children's literature, allowing authors to explore transformation and identity.",
    "zh": "魔法药水仍是儿童文学中常见的叙事手段，让作者能够探讨变化与身份认同。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a magic potion｜魔法药水",
   "a healing potion｜治疗药水",
   "brew a potion｜熬制药水"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "elixir"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常见于奇幻故事；普通药物的一剂用dose。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "potion"
 },
 {
  "w": "appraise",
  "uk": "/əˈpreɪz/",
  "us": "/əˈpreɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "评估；评价",
    "en": "to judge the quality, condition, or performance of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "估价",
    "en": "to estimate how much money something is worth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The coach appraised my technique and suggested some changes.",
    "zh": "教练评估了我的动作技巧，并提出了一些改进建议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities must appraise the environmental impact of major construction projects before granting planning permission.",
    "zh": "地方政府在批准规划许可之前，必须评估大型建设项目对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "appraise performance｜评估表现",
   "appraise a property｜评估房产价值",
   "critically appraise｜批判性评估"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "appraisal (n.)",
   "appraiser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assess",
   "evaluate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "appraise是评估；不要与apprise（告知）混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "appraise"
 },
 {
  "w": "tariff",
  "uk": "/ˈtærɪf/",
  "us": "/ˈterɪf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "关税",
    "en": "a tax charged on goods entering or leaving a country"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "收费标准；价目表",
    "en": "a set of charges for a service"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new tariff made imported cheese much more expensive.",
    "zh": "新关税使进口奶酪贵了很多。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although tariffs may protect domestic manufacturers, they can also raise consumer prices and provoke trade disputes.",
    "zh": "关税虽然可能保护国内制造商，但也可能推高消费价格并引发贸易争端。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "impose tariffs on｜对……征收关税",
   "import tariff｜进口关税",
   "reduce tariffs｜降低关税",
   "electricity tariff｜电价标准"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "关税用tariff on goods；复数tariffs常指多项关税。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tariff"
 },
 {
  "w": "sarcastic",
  "uk": "/sɑːˈkæstɪk/",
  "us": "/sɑːrˈkæstɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "讥讽的；挖苦的",
    "en": "using mocking words, often meaning the opposite, to criticize"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His sarcastic comment about my cooking hurt my feelings.",
    "zh": "他挖苦我厨艺的话让我很难过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sarcastic remarks in online discussions can discourage participation and make constructive debate more difficult.",
    "zh": "网络讨论中的讥讽言论可能降低参与意愿，使建设性的辩论更难开展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sarcastic remark｜挖苦的话",
   "a sarcastic tone｜讥讽的语气",
   "a sarcastic comment｜讥讽的评论"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sarcasm (n.)",
   "sarcastically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mocking",
   "scornful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sincere"
  ],
  "tip": "常用反话挖苦人；ironic不一定含攻击或嘲弄。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sarcastic"
 },
 {
  "w": "devastating",
  "uk": "/ˈdevəsteɪtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈdevəsteɪtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "毁灭性的；破坏极大的",
    "en": "Causing extremely serious damage or destruction."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人极度悲痛的",
    "en": "Causing overwhelming sadness or emotional shock."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A devastating storm tore the roof off our garage.",
    "zh": "一场破坏力极强的暴风雨掀掉了我们车库的屋顶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged drought can have devastating effects on agriculture, threatening food supplies and the livelihoods of rural communities.",
    "zh": "长期干旱会对农业造成毁灭性影响，威胁粮食供应和农村社区的生计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "devastating consequences｜灾难性后果",
   "devastating impact｜毁灭性影响",
   "devastating news｜令人悲痛欲绝的消息",
   "devastating earthquake｜破坏力极强的地震"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "devastate (v.)",
   "devastation (n.)",
   "devastated (adj.)",
   "devastatingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disastrous",
   "destructive"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "事物令人悲痛用devastating；人感到悲痛用devastated。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "devastating"
 },
 {
  "w": "simultaneous",
  "uk": "/ˌsɪməlˈteɪniəs/",
  "us": "/ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "同时发生的；同步的",
    "en": "happening or existing at exactly the same time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Simultaneous cheers erupted from both sides of the street.",
    "zh": "街道两边同时爆发出欢呼声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Simultaneous investment in public transport and cycling infrastructure can reduce congestion more effectively than isolated measures.",
    "zh": "同时投资公共交通和自行车基础设施，比采取单一措施更能有效缓解交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "simultaneous events｜同时发生的事件",
   "simultaneous interpretation｜同声传译",
   "simultaneous access｜同时访问"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "simultaneously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "concurrent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sequential"
  ],
  "tip": "强调时间重合；副词simultaneously表示同时地。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "simultaneous"
 },
 {
  "w": "desolate",
  "uk": "/ˈdesələt/",
  "us": "/ˈdesələt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "荒凉的；无人居住的",
    "en": "Empty of people and lacking signs of life"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "孤独凄凉的",
    "en": "Feeling completely alone and deeply unhappy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We crossed a desolate valley before reaching the village.",
    "zh": "我们穿过一片荒凉的山谷，才到达村庄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Former industrial sites often remain desolate until public investment brings new housing and green spaces.",
    "zh": "昔日的工业用地往往一直荒凉，直到公共投资带来新住房和绿地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a desolate landscape｜荒凉的景观",
   "a desolate village｜荒无人烟的村庄",
   "feel desolate｜感到孤独凄凉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "desolation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bleak",
   "deserted"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inhabited"
  ],
  "tip": "形容地方指荒凉，形容人则指孤独凄凉。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "desolate"
 },
 {
  "w": "rodent",
  "uk": "/ˈrəʊdənt/",
  "us": "/ˈroʊdənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "啮齿类动物",
    "en": "a mammal with strong front teeth that grow continuously"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small rodent was nibbling seeds beside the shed.",
    "zh": "一只小啮齿动物正在棚屋旁啃食种子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved food storage can reduce rodent populations without introducing harmful chemicals into the local environment.",
    "zh": "改善食物储存方式可以减少啮齿动物数量，而不必向当地环境中引入有害化学物质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rodent population｜啮齿动物种群",
   "rodent control｜啮齿动物防治",
   "rodent infestation｜鼠患"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "老鼠、松鼠和河狸都属啮齿动物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rodent"
 },
 {
  "w": "normalization",
  "uk": "/ˌnɔːməlaɪˈzeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌnɔːrmələˈzeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "正常化；恢复正常",
    "en": "The process of making conditions normal or usual."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "标准化；归一化",
    "en": "Adjusting data or values to a common standard."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The normalization of bus services made commuting easier again.",
    "zh": "公交服务恢复正常后，通勤又方便起来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The normalization of diplomatic relations can encourage trade and strengthen cooperation on shared environmental challenges.",
    "zh": "外交关系正常化能够促进贸易，并加强应对共同环境挑战的合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "normalization of relations｜关系正常化",
   "data normalization｜数据归一化",
   "normalization process｜正常化进程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "normal (adj.)",
   "normalize (v.)",
   "normally (adv.)",
   "normality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也拼normalisation；数据语境常指归一化。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "normalization"
 },
 {
  "w": "consulate",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnsjələt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnsələt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领事馆",
    "en": "an office representing a country and helping its citizens abroad"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She contacted the consulate after losing her passport abroad.",
    "zh": "她在国外丢失护照后联系了领事馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A consulate can provide essential assistance to citizens who encounter legal or administrative difficulties while travelling abroad.",
    "zh": "公民在国外旅行期间遇到法律或行政方面的困难时，领事馆可以提供必要的协助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contact the consulate｜联系领事馆",
   "consulate general｜总领事馆",
   "nearest consulate｜最近的领事馆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consul (n.)",
   "consular (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "consulate是领事馆；embassy是大使馆，职能不同。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consulate"
 },
 {
  "w": "vainly",
  "uk": "/ˈveɪnli/",
  "us": "/ˈveɪnli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "徒劳地；白费力气地",
    "en": "Without achieving the desired result despite effort"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I searched vainly for my keys under the sofa.",
    "zh": "我在沙发下面找钥匙，却一无所获。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents have vainly requested better bus services for years, leaving many dependent on private cars.",
    "zh": "居民多年来要求改善公交服务，却始终未果，致使许多人仍然依赖私家车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "try vainly to do something｜徒劳地试图做某事",
   "search vainly for｜徒劳地寻找",
   "struggle vainly｜徒劳地挣扎"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vain (adj.)",
   "vanity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unsuccessfully",
   "fruitlessly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "successfully"
  ],
  "tip": "vainly侧重努力无果，常可换成in vain。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vainly"
 },
 {
  "w": "amputate",
  "uk": "/ˈæmpjʊteɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈæmpjəteɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "截肢；切除肢体",
    "en": "To surgically remove all or part of a limb."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The vet had to amputate the cat's badly injured leg.",
    "zh": "兽医不得不截去这只猫受伤严重的腿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early treatment of severe infections can reduce the need to amputate limbs and improve patients' quality of life.",
    "zh": "及早治疗严重感染能够减少截肢的必要性，并改善患者的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "amputate a limb｜截肢",
   "amputate a leg｜截去一条腿",
   "amputate below the knee｜进行膝下截肢"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "amputation (n.)",
   "amputee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要用于手术切除肢体，不能泛指切除所有器官。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amputate"
 },
 {
  "w": "feasible",
  "uk": "/ˈfiːzəbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈfiːzəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可行的；行得通的",
    "en": "possible and practical to achieve with available resources"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cycling to work is feasible now that I live nearby.",
    "zh": "现在我住得近，骑车上班行得通了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Solar power becomes more economically feasible when installation costs fall and reliable energy storage is available.",
    "zh": "当安装成本下降且可靠的储能设施可用时，太阳能在经济上就更可行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a feasible solution｜可行的解决办法",
   "economically feasible｜经济上可行的",
   "technically feasible｜技术上可行的",
   "a feasible alternative｜可行的替代方案"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "feasibility (n.)",
   "infeasible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "practical",
   "viable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "infeasible",
   "impractical"
  ],
  "tip": "指条件允许、实际可行，不等于“可信”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "feasible"
 },
 {
  "w": "rig",
  "uk": "/rɪɡ/",
  "us": "/rɪɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钻井设备；钻井平台",
    "en": "a large structure or machine used for drilling"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "操纵；作弊",
    "en": "to dishonestly arrange a process to obtain a desired result"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "装配；安装",
    "en": "to fit equipment into place for use"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We could see an oil rig from the beach.",
    "zh": "我们从海滩上能看到一座石油钻井平台。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent observers can help prevent powerful groups from attempting to rig elections in their favour.",
    "zh": "独立观察员有助于防止强势团体试图操纵选举，使结果对自己有利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an oil rig｜石油钻井平台",
   "a drilling rig｜钻井设备",
   "rig an election｜操纵选举",
   "rig up equipment｜临时搭建设备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rigging (n.)",
   "rigged (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rig作动词既可指装配，也可指作弊操纵；注意语境。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rig"
 },
 {
  "w": "erosion",
  "uk": "/ɪˈrəʊʒən/",
  "us": "/ɪˈroʊʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "侵蚀；风化剥蚀",
    "en": "The gradual removal of soil or rock by natural forces."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "逐渐削弱；损耗",
    "en": "The gradual loss of strength, value, or confidence."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy rain caused erosion along the muddy river bank.",
    "zh": "大雨使泥泞的河岸遭到了侵蚀。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting trees can reduce soil erosion because their roots help hold the ground together during heavy rainfall.",
    "zh": "植树可以减少水土流失，因为树根有助于在强降雨时固住土壤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "soil erosion｜土壤侵蚀",
   "coastal erosion｜海岸侵蚀",
   "prevent erosion｜防止侵蚀",
   "erosion of trust｜信任的逐渐削弱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "erode (v.)",
   "erosive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；也可比喻信任、权利等逐渐受损。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "erosion"
 },
 {
  "w": "scornful",
  "uk": "/ˈskɔːnfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈskɔːrnfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "轻蔑的；鄙视的",
    "en": "showing that you think someone or something deserves no respect"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He gave my handmade kite a scornful look.",
    "zh": "他轻蔑地看了一眼我手工制作的风筝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scornful responses from teachers can discourage students from asking questions and reduce their confidence in class.",
    "zh": "教师轻蔑的回应可能使学生不敢提问，并削弱他们在课堂上的自信。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a scornful look｜轻蔑的眼神",
   "scornful of advice｜对建议不屑一顾",
   "a scornful laugh｜轻蔑的笑声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scorn (n.)",
   "scorn (v.)",
   "scornfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "contemptuous",
   "disdainful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "respectful",
   "admiring"
  ],
  "tip": "常用 scornful of，表示对某人或某事不屑。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scornful"
 },
 {
  "w": "disadvantageous",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪsædvɑːnˈteɪdʒəs/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪsædvænˈteɪdʒəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不利的",
    "en": "Making success harder or putting someone in a worse position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The early start time is disadvantageous for commuters.",
    "zh": "这么早的开始时间对通勤者不利。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Limited access to affordable childcare can be particularly disadvantageous to parents seeking full-time employment.",
    "zh": "难以获得负担得起的托育服务，对寻求全职工作的家长尤其不利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disadvantageous to someone｜对某人不利",
   "disadvantageous position｜不利地位",
   "disadvantageous conditions｜不利条件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disadvantage (n.)",
   "advantage (n.)",
   "advantageous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unfavourable",
   "unhelpful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "advantageous",
   "favourable"
  ],
  "tip": "常用disadvantageous to sb表示对某人不利。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disadvantageous"
 },
 {
  "w": "flaunt",
  "uk": "/flɔːnt/",
  "us": "/flɔːnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "炫耀；招摇地展示",
    "en": "To show something proudly to attract attention or admiration."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He flaunted his new watch at dinner last night.",
    "zh": "昨晚吃饭时，他炫耀了自己的新手表。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Social media encourages some users to flaunt their wealth, potentially increasing feelings of inadequacy among viewers.",
    "zh": "社交媒体促使一些用户炫富，这可能加重观看者的自卑感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flaunt wealth｜炫耀财富",
   "flaunt success｜炫耀成功",
   "flaunt possessions｜炫耀财物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "show off"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "flaunt指炫耀；flout指公然无视规则，勿混。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flaunt"
 },
 {
  "w": "robust",
  "uk": "/rəʊˈbʌst/",
  "us": "/roʊˈbʌst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "强健的；结实的",
    "en": "strong, healthy, and unlikely to break or become weak"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "稳健可靠的",
    "en": "effective and reliable even under difficult conditions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These robust boots survived years of muddy country walks.",
    "zh": "这双结实的靴子经受住了多年乡间泥路行走的考验。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments need robust evidence before introducing policies that could significantly affect public health and household spending.",
    "zh": "政府在推行可能显著影响公众健康和家庭开支的政策前，需要有可靠的证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "robust health｜强健的体魄",
   "robust evidence｜可靠的证据",
   "robust system｜稳健的系统",
   "robust economy｜强劲的经济"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "robustness (n.)",
   "robustly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "strong",
   "sturdy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "weak",
   "fragile"
  ],
  "tip": "既形容身体或物品结实，也形容证据、系统可靠。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "robust"
 },
 {
  "w": "tacit",
  "uk": "/ˈtæsɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈtæsɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "默示的；心照不宣的",
    "en": "Understood or accepted without being directly stated."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her smile gave me tacit permission to continue.",
    "zh": "她的微笑默许了我继续下去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public silence should not be interpreted as tacit approval of policies that restrict access to essential services.",
    "zh": "不应把公众的沉默理解为对限制基本服务获取的政策的默许。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tacit approval｜默许",
   "tacit agreement｜默契",
   "tacit understanding｜心照不宣的理解",
   "tacit consent｜默示同意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tacitly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "implicit",
   "unspoken"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "explicit",
   "express"
  ],
  "tip": "tacit指未明说但已理解，并非明确表达的同意。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tacit"
 },
 {
  "w": "solidify",
  "uk": "/səˈlɪdɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/səˈlɪdəfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "（使）凝固",
    "en": "To become solid, or make something become solid."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "巩固；加强",
    "en": "To make an agreement, relationship, or position stronger and more secure."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leave the melted chocolate to solidify before adding decorations.",
    "zh": "等融化的巧克力凝固后再加装饰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Joint research projects can solidify partnerships between universities and encourage the exchange of specialist knowledge.",
    "zh": "联合研究项目能巩固大学之间的合作关系，并促进专业知识的交流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "solidify into a mass｜凝固成块",
   "solidify an alliance｜巩固联盟",
   "solidify support｜巩固支持"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "solid (adj.)",
   "solidification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "harden",
   "strengthen"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "liquefy",
   "weaken"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指液体凝固，也可指关系或地位得到巩固。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "solidify"
 },
 {
  "w": "crave",
  "uk": "/kreɪv/",
  "us": "/kreɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "渴望；迫切想要",
    "en": "To want something very strongly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After the long walk, I craved a warm meal.",
    "zh": "走了很长一段路后，我特别想吃一顿热饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many urban residents crave contact with nature, highlighting the importance of accessible parks and green spaces.",
    "zh": "许多城市居民渴望亲近自然，这凸显了便利可达的公园和绿地的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "crave attention｜渴望关注",
   "crave approval｜渴望认可",
   "crave sweet foods｜特别想吃甜食"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "craving (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "desire",
   "long for",
   "yearn for"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "直接接宾语：crave something，不加 for。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "crave"
 },
 {
  "w": "shriek",
  "uk": "/ʃriːk/",
  "us": "/ʃriːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "尖叫；尖声说",
    "en": "To make a sudden, loud, high sound with your voice."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尖叫声",
    "en": "A sudden, loud, high sound made by a person."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children shrieked with delight as the sprinkler started.",
    "zh": "洒水器一启动，孩子们就高兴得尖叫起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors' sudden shrieks can disturb sensitive wildlife, so guides should encourage quiet behaviour in protected natural areas.",
    "zh": "游客突然的尖叫会惊扰敏感的野生动物，因此导游应鼓励游客在自然保护区保持安静。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shriek with delight｜高兴得尖叫",
   "let out a shriek｜发出一声尖叫",
   "a piercing shriek｜刺耳的尖叫声"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "scream",
   "squeal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "shriek强调声音尖而高，既可因恐惧也可因兴奋。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shriek"
 },
 {
  "w": "cripple",
  "uk": "/ˈkrɪpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkrɪpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "严重削弱；使陷入瘫痪",
    "en": "To severely damage something's ability to function"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使身体严重伤残",
    "en": "To cause a serious injury that limits someone's movement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The power cut crippled our heating system all evening.",
    "zh": "停电让我们的供暖系统瘫痪了整整一个晚上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A prolonged drought can cripple agricultural production, reducing rural incomes and increasing food prices across the country.",
    "zh": "长期干旱可能重创农业生产，降低农村收入，并推高全国食品价格。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cripple the economy｜重创经济",
   "cripple production｜使生产陷入瘫痪",
   "crippling costs｜难以承受的费用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crippling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disable",
   "paralyse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词指人有冒犯性；动词常指经济或系统受重创。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "作名词指残障人士时具有冒犯性，应避免。",
  "id": "cripple"
 },
 {
  "w": "ultraviolet",
  "uk": "/ˌʌltrəˈvaɪələt/",
  "us": "/ˌʌltrəˈvaɪələt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "紫外线的",
    "en": "Describing invisible radiation with wavelengths shorter than visible violet light."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "紫外线",
    "en": "Invisible radiation beyond violet in the light spectrum."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These sunglasses protect your eyes from harmful ultraviolet rays.",
    "zh": "这副太阳镜能保护眼睛免受有害紫外线的伤害。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation increases the risk of skin damage, making sun protection essential.",
    "zh": "过度暴露于紫外线辐射会增加皮肤受损的风险，因此防晒至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ultraviolet radiation｜紫外线辐射",
   "ultraviolet rays｜紫外线",
   "ultraviolet light｜紫外光"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常缩写为UV；紫外线本身肉眼不可见。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ultraviolet"
 },
 {
  "w": "everlasting",
  "uk": "/ˌevəˈlɑːstɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌevərˈlæstɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "永恒的；永久的",
    "en": "Lasting forever or seeming never to end."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They promised each other everlasting friendship beneath the old tree.",
    "zh": "他们在老树下许下了友谊长存的承诺。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although digital storage appears to offer everlasting access, files can become unreadable as technology changes.",
    "zh": "虽然数字存储似乎能让资料永久可用，但技术变化可能导致文件无法读取。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "everlasting love｜永恒的爱",
   "everlasting friendship｜永恒的友谊",
   "everlasting life｜永生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "everlastingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "eternal",
   "endless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "temporary",
   "fleeting"
  ],
  "tip": "语气比long-lasting更强，常用于爱、友谊等抽象事物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "everlasting"
 },
 {
  "w": "asylum",
  "uk": "/əˈsaɪləm/",
  "us": "/əˈsaɪləm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "政治庇护；避难保护",
    "en": "Protection a country gives people escaping danger in another country."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旧时的精神病院",
    "en": "An old term for a hospital for people with mental illnesses."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her family sought asylum after fleeing their home country.",
    "zh": "她的家人逃离祖国后寻求庇护。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should assess asylum applications fairly while ensuring that vulnerable applicants have access to legal advice.",
    "zh": "政府应公平审理庇护申请，同时确保弱势申请人能够获得法律咨询。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "seek asylum｜寻求庇护",
   "grant asylum｜给予庇护",
   "asylum seeker｜寻求庇护者",
   "political asylum｜政治庇护"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "refuge",
   "protection"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示庇护时不可数；指精神病院是过时用法。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "asylum"
 },
 {
  "w": "parasite",
  "uk": "/ˈpærəsaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈpærəsaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "寄生虫；寄生生物",
    "en": "an organism living on or inside another and taking nutrients"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "依赖他人过活者",
    "en": "someone who takes from others without contributing anything"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The vet found a parasite in our dog's fur.",
    "zh": "兽医在我们狗的毛里发现了一只寄生虫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Warmer temperatures may allow certain parasites to spread into regions where they previously could not survive.",
    "zh": "气温升高可能使某些寄生生物扩散到此前无法生存的地区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "intestinal parasite｜肠道寄生虫",
   "host organism｜宿主生物",
   "parasitic infection｜寄生虫感染"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "parasitic (adj.)",
   "parasitism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指人时有强烈贬义；生物学中的宿主叫host。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "parasite"
 },
 {
  "w": "decompose",
  "uk": "/ˌdiːkəmˈpəʊz/",
  "us": "/ˌdiːkəmˈpoʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "腐烂；腐化",
    "en": "to decay naturally into simpler substances"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分解",
    "en": "to separate, or cause something to separate, into simpler parts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fallen leaves decompose slowly in the damp garden soil.",
    "zh": "落叶在潮湿的花园土壤中慢慢腐烂。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Organic waste can decompose into valuable nutrients, reducing the need for artificial fertilisers in agriculture.",
    "zh": "有机废物可以分解为宝贵的养分，从而减少农业对人工肥料的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "decompose naturally｜自然腐烂",
   "decompose into｜分解为",
   "decompose organic matter｜分解有机物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "decomposition (n.)",
   "decomposer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "decay",
   "rot"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可不及物，也可及物；分解成某物用into。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "decompose"
 },
 {
  "w": "colonialism",
  "uk": "/kəˈləʊniəlɪzəm/",
  "us": "/kəˈloʊniəlɪzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "殖民主义；殖民统治",
    "en": "Control of another territory and its people by a country"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum explores how colonialism changed life on the island.",
    "zh": "这座博物馆展示了殖民统治如何改变岛上的生活。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The legacy of colonialism continues to influence language, economic structures, and political institutions in many countries.",
    "zh": "殖民主义的历史影响至今仍体现在许多国家的语言、经济结构和政治制度中。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the legacy of colonialism｜殖民主义的历史遗留影响",
   "resistance to colonialism｜对殖民统治的反抗",
   "the end of colonialism｜殖民统治的终结"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "colony (n.)",
   "colonial (adj.)",
   "colonise (v.)",
   "colonisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；colony指殖民地，非殖民主义。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "colonialism"
 },
 {
  "w": "meteorologist",
  "uk": "/ˌmiːtiəˈrɒlədʒɪst/",
  "us": "/ˌmiːtiəˈrɑːlədʒɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "气象学家；气象专家",
    "en": "A scientist who studies weather and atmospheric conditions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The meteorologist warned us that heavy snow was approaching.",
    "zh": "气象专家提醒我们，大雪即将到来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Meteorologists analyse atmospheric data to forecast extreme weather and help communities prepare for potentially dangerous conditions.",
    "zh": "气象专家分析大气数据以预测极端天气，帮助社区应对可能出现的危险天气状况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a trained meteorologist｜受过专业训练的气象专家",
   "a team of meteorologists｜气象专家团队",
   "meteorologists predict｜气象专家预测"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "meteorology (n.)",
   "meteorological (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "研究天气与大气，不是研究流星的天文学家。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meteorologist"
 },
 {
  "w": "theatrical",
  "uk": "/θiˈætrɪkəl/",
  "us": "/θiˈætrɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "戏剧的；剧场的",
    "en": "relating to theatre or the performance of plays"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "夸张做作的",
    "en": "exaggerated to attract attention or create a strong effect"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a theatrical performance in the park yesterday.",
    "zh": "我们昨天在公园里看了一场戏剧演出。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public funding for theatrical productions can make live performances accessible to communities with limited cultural resources.",
    "zh": "为戏剧制作提供公共资助，可以让文化资源有限的社区也有机会观看现场演出。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a theatrical production｜一部戏剧作品",
   "a theatrical performance｜一场戏剧演出",
   "a theatrical gesture｜夸张的手势"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "theatre (n.)",
   "theatrically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dramatic"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指戏剧相关，也可形容言行夸张做作。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "theatrical"
 },
 {
  "w": "agitation",
  "uk": "/ˌædʒɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌædʒɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "焦虑不安；激动",
    "en": "A state of worry or excitement that prevents calm behaviour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鼓动；抗议活动",
    "en": "Organised efforts to persuade people to demand political or social change."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "搅动；摇动",
    "en": "The action of shaking or stirring a substance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her agitation grew as she searched for her missing keys.",
    "zh": "她寻找丢失的钥匙时，变得越来越焦躁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged exposure to traffic noise may increase agitation and reduce residents' ability to concentrate at home.",
    "zh": "长期接触交通噪声可能加剧居民的烦躁情绪，降低他们在家中的专注力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in a state of agitation｜处于焦躁状态",
   "political agitation｜政治鼓动",
   "gentle agitation｜轻轻搅动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "agitate (v.)",
   "agitated (adj.)",
   "agitator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；既可指情绪不安，也可指搅动。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "agitation"
 },
 {
  "w": "accrued",
  "uk": "/əˈkruːd/",
  "us": "/əˈkruːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "累积的；应计的",
    "en": "built up over time, especially financially, but not necessarily paid"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My bank statement shows the accrued interest on my savings.",
    "zh": "我的银行对账单显示了储蓄的累计利息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies must account for accrued expenses to provide an accurate picture of their financial position at year end.",
    "zh": "公司必须计入应计费用，才能准确反映年末的财务状况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "accrued interest｜应计利息",
   "accrued expenses｜应计费用",
   "accrued income｜应计收入",
   "accrued benefits｜累积福利"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accrue (v.)",
   "accrual (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "accumulated"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "也是accrue的过去分词；应计不等于已收付。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accrued"
 },
 {
  "w": "vocal",
  "uk": "/ˈvəʊkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈvoʊkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "直言不讳的",
    "en": "Expressing opinions or complaints openly and strongly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "嗓音的；歌唱的",
    "en": "Relating to the voice or to singing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours were vocal about plans to close the pool.",
    "zh": "邻居们对关闭游泳池的计划明确表达了意见。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents have become increasingly vocal in their opposition to developments that threaten local green spaces.",
    "zh": "居民们越来越公开、强烈地反对威胁当地绿地的开发项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vocal opposition｜公开而强烈的反对",
   "vocal critic｜直言不讳的批评者",
   "vocal cords｜声带",
   "vocal training｜声乐训练"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vocally (adv.)",
   "vocalist (n.)",
   "vocalise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "outspoken"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be vocal about表示公开且强烈地表达对某事的看法。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vocal"
 },
 {
  "w": "elapse",
  "uk": "/ɪˈlæps/",
  "us": "/ɪˈlæps/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "时间流逝",
    "en": "for a period of time to pass"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Several minutes elapsed before the bus finally arrived.",
    "zh": "过了几分钟，公交车终于来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Several years may elapse before environmental policies produce measurable improvements in urban air quality.",
    "zh": "环境政策可能要经过数年才能使城市空气质量出现可衡量的改善。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "time elapses｜时间流逝",
   "years elapse｜数年过去",
   "elapsed time｜已用时间"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "pass"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不及物动词，以时间作主语，不能直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elapse"
 },
 {
  "w": "dishonour",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈɒnə/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈɑːnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "耻辱；名誉受损",
    "en": "Loss of respect caused by shameful or dishonest behaviour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使蒙羞；使丢脸",
    "en": "To cause someone or something to lose respect."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "违背；不履行",
    "en": "To fail to keep a promise or fulfil an agreement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His cheating brought dishonour on the whole team.",
    "zh": "他的作弊行为使整个团队蒙羞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies that dishonour their commitments to workers risk losing public trust and damaging their long-term commercial prospects.",
    "zh": "不履行对员工承诺的公司可能失去公众信任，并损害其长期商业前景。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bring dishonour on｜使……蒙羞",
   "dishonour a promise｜违背诺言",
   "dishonour an agreement｜不履行协议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dishonourable (adj.)",
   "dishonourably (adv.)",
   "honour (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disgrace",
   "shame"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "honour"
  ],
  "tip": "英式拼写为dishonour，美式为dishonor。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dishonour"
 },
 {
  "w": "ominous",
  "uk": "/ˈɒmɪnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːmɪnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不祥的；预示危险的",
    "en": "suggesting that something bad or unpleasant may happen"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Ominous clouds gathered as we hurried back home.",
    "zh": "阴沉得令人不安的乌云聚拢过来，我们赶忙往家走。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The rapid decline in insect populations is an ominous sign for ecosystems that depend on pollination.",
    "zh": "对于依赖授粉的生态系统而言，昆虫数量迅速下降是一个不祥的征兆。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an ominous sign｜不祥的征兆",
   "ominous clouds｜预示风暴的乌云",
   "an ominous silence｜令人不安的寂静"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ominously (adv.)",
   "omen (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "foreboding",
   "threatening"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "promising"
  ],
  "tip": "强调预示坏事将发生，而非坏事已经发生。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ominous"
 },
 {
  "w": "overlap",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈlæp/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvɚˈlæp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "部分重叠；有共同之处",
    "en": "to partly cover something or share features with it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重叠部分；共同之处",
    "en": "an area or feature shared by two things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The curtains overlap slightly in the middle of the window.",
    "zh": "窗帘在窗户中间略有重叠。"
   },
   {
    "en": "University courses often overlap in content, allowing students to explore connections between different academic disciplines.",
    "zh": "大学课程的内容常有重叠，使学生能够探索不同学科之间的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "overlap with｜与……重叠",
   "a significant overlap｜明显的重叠",
   "overlapping responsibilities｜交叉重叠的职责"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "overlapping (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "intersect"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词重音在后，名词在前；过去式overlapped。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overlap"
 },
 {
  "w": "volatile",
  "uk": "/ˈvɒlətaɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈvɑːlətəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不稳定的；易突变的",
    "en": "Likely to change suddenly and unpredictably."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "易怒的；情绪多变的",
    "en": "Having emotions that change suddenly, especially towards anger."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "易挥发的",
    "en": "Changing easily from a liquid into a gas."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fuel prices have been unusually volatile this month.",
    "zh": "这个月燃油价格波动异常剧烈。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Volatile food prices make it difficult for low-income households to plan their spending and maintain a balanced diet.",
    "zh": "食品价格波动不定，使低收入家庭难以规划开支并维持均衡饮食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "volatile market｜波动剧烈的市场",
   "volatile prices｜不稳定的价格",
   "volatile temper｜暴躁易变的脾气",
   "volatile substance｜挥发性物质"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "volatility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unstable",
   "unpredictable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "stable"
  ],
  "tip": "既可描述市场波动，也可指情绪易变或物质易挥发。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "volatile"
 },
 {
  "w": "pertain",
  "uk": "/pəˈteɪn/",
  "us": "/pərˈteɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "有关；适用于",
    "en": "To relate to or apply to a particular subject."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These rules pertain to everyone who uses the kitchen.",
    "zh": "这些规定适用于所有使用厨房的人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The committee reviewed documents pertaining to water quality before recommending stricter controls on industrial waste.",
    "zh": "委员会在建议加强工业废物管控之前，审阅了有关水质的文件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pertain to｜与……有关；适用于",
   "matters pertaining to｜有关……的事项"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "relate",
   "concern"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用语，通常接to；常见结构为pertaining to。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pertain"
 },
 {
  "w": "filament",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪləmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪləmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "细丝；丝状物",
    "en": "A very thin thread or thread-like structure."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "灯丝",
    "en": "A thin wire that produces light when heated by electricity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A delicate filament stretched between the spider and the branch.",
    "zh": "蜘蛛与树枝之间牵着一根纤细的丝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers are developing stronger filaments for use in lightweight materials that could reduce fuel consumption in transport.",
    "zh": "研究人员正在研发更强韧的细丝，用于可降低运输燃料消耗的轻质材料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fine filament｜纤细的丝",
   "tungsten filament｜钨丝",
   "filament bulb｜灯丝灯泡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "filamentous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thread",
   "strand"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指一般细丝，也指灯泡中通电发光的灯丝。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "filament"
 },
 {
  "w": "impart",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpɑːt/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpɑːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "传授；告知",
    "en": "To communicate knowledge, information, or skills to someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赋予；增添",
    "en": "To give something a particular quality"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother loves to impart her gardening knowledge.",
    "zh": "我奶奶很喜欢传授她的园艺知识。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should impart practical skills that enable young people to manage their finances independently.",
    "zh": "学校应传授实用技能，使年轻人能够独立管理个人财务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "impart knowledge｜传授知识",
   "impart information｜传达信息",
   "impart skills｜传授技能",
   "impart flavour｜增添风味"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "convey",
   "communicate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用impart sth to sb，意为把某事传授给某人。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "impart"
 },
 {
  "w": "depreciate",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpriːʃieɪt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈpriːʃieɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "贬值；使折旧",
    "en": "To lose value, or reduce an asset's recorded value."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "New cars often depreciate quickly during their first year.",
    "zh": "新车通常在第一年贬值很快。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When a country's currency depreciates, imported goods become more expensive, potentially increasing the cost of living.",
    "zh": "一国货币贬值时，进口商品会变贵，可能推高生活成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "depreciate in value｜价值下降",
   "depreciate rapidly｜迅速贬值",
   "depreciate assets｜对资产计提折旧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "depreciation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "devalue"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "appreciate"
  ],
  "tip": "常指货币或资产贬值；反义词appreciate可指升值。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "depreciate"
 },
 {
  "w": "hereby",
  "uk": "/ˌhɪəˈbaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˌhɪrˈbaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "特此；据此",
    "en": "By means of this statement or official action."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I hereby give you permission to use my photographs.",
    "zh": "我特此允许你使用我的照片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The council hereby authorises the conversion of unused public buildings into affordable housing for local residents.",
    "zh": "议会特此批准将闲置公共建筑改建为供当地居民居住的经济适用住房。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hereby declare｜特此声明",
   "hereby authorise｜特此授权",
   "hereby agree｜特此同意"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用于正式声明，常置于主语后、主要动词前。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hereby"
 },
 {
  "w": "twinkle",
  "uk": "/ˈtwɪŋkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtwɪŋkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "闪烁；闪耀",
    "en": "To shine with small, quick changes in brightness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "闪光；眼中愉快的神采",
    "en": "A small flashing light, or a lively expression in someone's eyes."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Tiny lights twinkled around the window as we ate.",
    "zh": "我们吃饭时，窗边的小灯闪闪发亮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although stars twinkle beautifully, atmospheric disturbances that cause this effect can limit the accuracy of astronomical observations.",
    "zh": "虽然星光闪烁十分美丽，但造成这一现象的大气扰动会限制天文观测的精确度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stars twinkle｜星星闪烁",
   "twinkling lights｜闪烁的灯光",
   "a twinkle in someone's eye｜某人眼中愉快的神采"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "twinkling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sparkle",
   "glimmer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词通常不及物，也可形容眼睛闪着笑意。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "twinkle"
 },
 {
  "w": "scarlet",
  "uk": "/ˈskɑː.lət/",
  "us": "/ˈskɑːr.lət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "鲜红的；猩红的",
    "en": "Having a bright red colour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鲜红色；猩红色",
    "en": "A bright red colour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wore a scarlet scarf against her grey coat.",
    "zh": "她戴着一条鲜红色围巾，衬着灰色外套。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In visual advertising, scarlet backgrounds can attract attention, although colour associations vary across cultures.",
    "zh": "在视觉广告中，鲜红色背景能够吸引注意，但不同文化对颜色的联想有所差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a scarlet scarf｜鲜红色围巾",
   "turn scarlet｜脸涨得通红",
   "scarlet cheeks｜通红的脸颊"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "turn scarlet常形容因尴尬或生气而脸红。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scarlet"
 },
 {
  "w": "realm",
  "uk": "/relm/",
  "us": "/relm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领域；范围",
    "en": "An area of knowledge, activity, or experience."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "王国",
    "en": "A country ruled by a king or queen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Robots have moved beyond the realm of science fiction.",
    "zh": "机器人已经走出了科幻的领域，成为现实。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in artificial intelligence are transforming the realm of education by enabling more personalised learning experiences.",
    "zh": "人工智能的进步正通过提供更个性化的学习体验来改变教育领域。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the realm of science｜科学领域",
   "within the realm of possibility｜在可能的范围内",
   "beyond the realm of｜超出……的范围"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "domain",
   "sphere"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用the realm of；表示领域时比area更正式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "realm"
 },
 {
  "w": "gramophone",
  "uk": "/ˈɡræməfəʊn/",
  "us": "/ˈɡræməfoʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "留声机",
    "en": "an old machine that plays sound from flat records"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather played an old record on his gramophone.",
    "zh": "祖父用他的留声机播放了一张老唱片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The gramophone transformed home entertainment by allowing families to enjoy recorded music without attending live performances.",
    "zh": "留声机改变了家庭娱乐方式，让一家人无需观看现场演出也能欣赏录制的音乐。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wind-up gramophone｜手摇留声机",
   "a gramophone record｜留声机唱片",
   "play a gramophone｜播放留声机"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "phonograph"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指老式唱片播放机；美式英语常称phonograph。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gramophone"
 },
 {
  "w": "swarm",
  "uk": "/swɔːm/",
  "us": "/swɔːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蜂群；成群的昆虫",
    "en": "A large group of insects moving or gathering together."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "蜂拥；成群移动",
    "en": "Move or gather somewhere in large numbers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A swarm of bees gathered on the apple tree.",
    "zh": "一群蜜蜂聚集在苹果树上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors swarm into coastal towns during summer, increasing demand for public transport and waste collection services.",
    "zh": "游客在夏季涌入沿海城镇，增加了对公共交通和垃圾收集服务的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a swarm of bees｜一群蜜蜂",
   "swarm into｜蜂拥进入",
   "swarm with tourists｜挤满游客"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be swarming with表示某处挤满人或昆虫。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "swarm"
 },
 {
  "w": "strive",
  "uk": "/straɪv/",
  "us": "/straɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "努力；奋斗；力争",
    "en": "To try very hard to achieve something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I strive to practise the piano every day.",
    "zh": "我努力做到每天练钢琴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should strive to provide affordable housing without reducing the quality of public services.",
    "zh": "政府应努力提供可负担住房，同时不降低公共服务质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strive to improve｜努力改进",
   "strive for excellence｜追求卓越",
   "strive towards a goal｜为目标奋斗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "striving (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "endeavour"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用strive to do或strive for；过去式常为strove。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strive"
 },
 {
  "w": "yearn",
  "uk": "/jɜːn/",
  "us": "/jɝːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "渴望；思念",
    "en": "To want something deeply, especially something difficult to obtain"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After months abroad, she yearned for her mother's cooking.",
    "zh": "在国外待了几个月后，她十分想念母亲做的饭菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many urban residents yearn for quieter surroundings, which may explain the growing appeal of rural tourism.",
    "zh": "许多城市居民渴望更安静的环境，这或许能解释乡村旅游日益增长的吸引力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "yearn for freedom｜渴望自由",
   "yearn to return｜渴望归来",
   "yearn for home｜思念家乡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "yearning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "long",
   "crave"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用yearn for sth或yearn to do，表达强烈渴望。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "yearn"
 },
 {
  "w": "concede",
  "uk": "/kənˈsiːd/",
  "us": "/kənˈsiːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "不情愿地承认",
    "en": "To admit something is true, often unwillingly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "让步；让予",
    "en": "To give up something or allow it after resistance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "认输；承认失败",
    "en": "To accept that you have lost a contest"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He finally conceded that my route was much quicker.",
    "zh": "他终于承认我选的路线快得多。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although critics concede that tourism creates jobs, they argue that its environmental costs are often overlooked.",
    "zh": "尽管批评者承认旅游业创造就业，他们仍认为其环境代价常被忽视。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "concede that｜承认……",
   "concede defeat｜承认失败",
   "concede a point｜承认对方某点有理",
   "concede ground｜作出让步"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "concession (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "admit",
   "acknowledge"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "deny"
  ],
  "tip": "常含原本反对、后来不得不承认的意味。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "concede"
 },
 {
  "w": "conversely",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnvɜːsli/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnvɜːrsli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "反过来；相反地",
    "en": "used to introduce an opposite situation or relationship"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I love busy cities; conversely, my sister prefers quiet villages.",
    "zh": "我喜欢热闹的城市；相反，我姐姐更喜欢安静的村庄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable public transport can reduce car use; conversely, poor services may encourage greater dependence on private vehicles.",
    "zh": "可靠的公共交通可以减少汽车使用；反过来，服务欠佳可能使人们更加依赖私家车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "and conversely｜反过来也一样",
   "conversely, however｜然而反过来看"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "converse (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "in contrast"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用于引出相反情况，不是一般性的补充转折。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conversely"
 },
 {
  "w": "coherence",
  "uk": "/kəʊˈhɪərəns/",
  "us": "/koʊˈhɪrəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "连贯性；条理性",
    "en": "The quality of ideas fitting together clearly and logically."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your story needs more coherence between its different parts.",
    "zh": "你故事中的各个部分需要衔接得更连贯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear paragraph structure improves the coherence of an essay and helps readers follow complex arguments.",
    "zh": "清晰的段落结构能增强文章的连贯性，帮助读者理解复杂的论证。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "logical coherence｜逻辑连贯性",
   "overall coherence｜整体连贯性",
   "lack coherence｜缺乏条理",
   "improve coherence｜增强连贯性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coherent (adj.)",
   "coherently (adv.)",
   "incoherent (adj.)",
   "incoherence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "logical consistency"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "incoherence"
  ],
  "tip": "侧重逻辑连贯；cohesion侧重语言或结构衔接。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coherence"
 },
 {
  "w": "monarch",
  "uk": "/ˈmɒnək/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːnərk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "君主；帝王",
    "en": "A king or queen who serves as head of state"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The monarch waved to the crowd from the palace balcony.",
    "zh": "君主在宫殿阳台上向人群挥手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In a constitutional monarchy, the monarch usually performs ceremonial duties while elected representatives exercise political power.",
    "zh": "在君主立宪制下，君主通常履行礼仪职责，而民选代表行使政治权力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "constitutional monarch｜立宪君主",
   "reigning monarch｜在位君主",
   "absolute monarch｜专制君主"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "monarchy (n.)",
   "monarchical (adj.)",
   "monarchist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sovereign"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指国王或女王，不限性别；制度称monarchy。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "monarch"
 },
 {
  "w": "bypass",
  "uk": "/ˈbaɪpɑːs/",
  "us": "/ˈbaɪpæs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "绕过；避开",
    "en": "To go around something or avoid a usual step"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "绕城公路",
    "en": "A road carrying traffic around a town rather than through it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旁路；分流手术",
    "en": "An alternative passage, or surgery creating one for blood flow"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took a narrow lane to bypass the village.",
    "zh": "我们走了一条窄路，绕过了村庄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A new bypass could reduce congestion in the town centre but might damage nearby wildlife habitats.",
    "zh": "新建绕城公路可以缓解镇中心的拥堵，但也可能破坏附近的野生动物栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bypass the town｜绕过城镇",
   "bypass security checks｜绕过安全检查",
   "build a bypass｜修建绕城公路",
   "heart bypass surgery｜心脏搭桥手术"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词直接接宾语：bypass the town。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bypass"
 },
 {
  "w": "multitude",
  "uk": "/ˈmʌltɪtjuːd/",
  "us": "/ˈmʌltɪtuːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大量；众多",
    "en": "A very large number of people or things"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人群；大众",
    "en": "A large crowd or the ordinary public"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A multitude of colourful birds gathered around the pond.",
    "zh": "一大群色彩鲜艳的鸟聚集在池塘边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planners must consider a multitude of factors when designing affordable housing for growing populations.",
    "zh": "城市规划者为不断增长的人口设计经济适用住房时，必须考虑众多因素。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a multitude of factors｜众多因素",
   "a multitude of options｜大量选择",
   "a vast multitude｜庞大的人群"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a multitude of后接复数名词，表示大量。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "multitude"
 },
 {
  "w": "deceased",
  "uk": "/dɪˈsiːst/",
  "us": "/dɪˈsiːst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "已故的",
    "en": "No longer alive, especially in formal or legal contexts."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "死者",
    "en": "A person or people who have died."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She keeps a photograph of her deceased grandfather nearby.",
    "zh": "她在身边放着一张已故祖父的照片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museums sometimes display personal belongings of deceased artists to help visitors understand their lives and creative influences.",
    "zh": "博物馆有时会展出已故艺术家的私人物品，帮助参观者了解其生平和创作所受的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a deceased relative｜已故亲属",
   "the deceased｜死者",
   "the deceased's estate｜死者的遗产"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "decease (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dead",
   "late"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "living",
   "alive"
  ],
  "tip": "正式用语；the deceased可指一位或多位死者。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deceased"
 },
 {
  "w": "resentful",
  "uk": "/rɪˈzentfəl/",
  "us": "/rɪˈzentfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "愤愤不平的；怨恨的",
    "en": "angry because you believe you have been treated unfairly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He felt resentful when his brother took all the credit.",
    "zh": "哥哥把功劳全揽走时，他感到愤愤不平。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees may become resentful if promotion decisions appear to favour personal connections rather than professional ability.",
    "zh": "如果晋升决定似乎更看重人脉而非专业能力，员工可能会心生不满。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel resentful｜感到愤愤不平",
   "resentful of someone｜对某人心怀怨恨",
   "resentful towards someone｜对某人不满"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "resent (v.)",
   "resentment (n.)",
   "resentfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bitter",
   "aggrieved"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调因自觉受到不公平对待而不满，不只是生气。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resentful"
 },
 {
  "w": "radical",
  "uk": "/ˈrædɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈrædɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "根本的；彻底的",
    "en": "Involving major changes to the basic nature of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "激进的",
    "en": "Supporting major political or social changes beyond accepted views."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "激进分子",
    "en": "A person who supports major political or social change."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Turning our garage into a kitchen was a radical change.",
    "zh": "把车库改成厨房是一次彻底的改变。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing dependence on private cars requires radical changes to urban planning and public transport investment.",
    "zh": "减少对私家车的依赖，需要彻底改变城市规划和公共交通投资方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "radical change｜根本性改变",
   "radical reform｜彻底改革",
   "radical ideas｜激进思想"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "radically (adv.)",
   "radicalism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "conservative"
  ],
  "tip": "radical change指根本性改变，不一定涉及政治。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "radical"
 },
 {
  "w": "diversion",
  "uk": "/daɪˈvɜːʃən/",
  "us": "/daɪˈvɝːʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "改道；转移",
    "en": "A change in the route or use of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分散注意力的事物",
    "en": "Something that draws attention away from another activity or concern."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "消遣；娱乐",
    "en": "An enjoyable activity that provides a break from routine."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The road diversion took us past a beautiful lake.",
    "zh": "道路改道让我们经过了一个美丽的湖泊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The diversion of public funds away from education could limit opportunities for children in disadvantaged communities.",
    "zh": "将公共资金从教育领域挪作他用，可能会限制弱势社区儿童的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a traffic diversion｜交通改道",
   "the diversion of funds｜资金转移",
   "create a diversion｜制造干扰以转移注意力",
   "a welcome diversion｜令人愉快的消遣"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "divert (v.)",
   "diverting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语中可指道路改道；美式常用detour。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diversion"
 },
 {
  "w": "tack",
  "uk": "/tæk/",
  "us": "/tæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大头短钉",
    "en": "A short nail with a broad, flat head."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用短钉固定",
    "en": "To fasten something using small nails."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方法；方针",
    "en": "A particular approach to dealing with a situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I used a tack to secure the loose fabric.",
    "zh": "我用一枚大头短钉固定住松开的布料。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When public campaigns fail to change behaviour, policymakers may need to take a different tack.",
    "zh": "当公共宣传活动无法改变行为时，政策制定者可能需要换一种方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hammer in a tack｜敲入大头短钉",
   "tack something down｜用短钉钉牢某物",
   "take a different tack｜采取不同方法",
   "change tack｜改变策略"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "nail",
   "approach"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "方法用tack；步入正轨用on track，勿混。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tack"
 },
 {
  "w": "reappraisal",
  "uk": "/ˌriːəˈpreɪzəl/",
  "us": "/ˌriːəˈpreɪzəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重新评价；重新估计",
    "en": "A fresh assessment of something, often leading to changed views."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The unexpected repair bill prompted a reappraisal of our budget.",
    "zh": "意外的维修账单促使我们重新审视预算。"
   },
   {
    "en": "New evidence has led to a reappraisal of the environmental benefits associated with this farming method.",
    "zh": "新的证据促使人们重新评价这种耕作方式带来的环境效益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a thorough reappraisal｜全面重新评估",
   "prompt a reappraisal｜促使重新评价",
   "a reappraisal of priorities｜对优先事项的重新审视"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reappraise (v.)",
   "appraise (v.)",
   "appraisal (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reassessment",
   "reevaluation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用a reappraisal of，表示对某事重新评价。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reappraisal"
 },
 {
  "w": "toad",
  "uk": "/təʊd/",
  "us": "/toʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蟾蜍",
    "en": "A frog-like animal with rough skin that usually lives on land."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small toad was hiding beneath the garden pot.",
    "zh": "一只小蟾蜍躲在花园的花盆下面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting ponds and nearby woodland helps toads survive as urban development reduces their natural habitats.",
    "zh": "城市开发使蟾蜍的自然栖息地缩小，保护池塘及附近林地有助于它们生存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "common toad｜普通蟾蜍",
   "cane toad｜海蟾蜍",
   "toad spawn｜蟾蜍卵"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "toad指蟾蜍；frog通常指青蛙。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "toad"
 },
 {
  "w": "inflict",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈflɪkt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈflɪkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使遭受；造成（伤害）",
    "en": "to cause someone or something to suffer harm"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The storm inflicted serious damage on our garden fence.",
    "zh": "暴风雨严重损坏了我们花园的围栏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unregulated industrial activity can inflict lasting damage on ecosystems and threaten the livelihoods of nearby communities.",
    "zh": "不受监管的工业活动可能对生态系统造成持久破坏，并威胁附近社区居民的生计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inflict damage on｜对……造成破坏",
   "inflict pain on｜使……遭受痛苦",
   "inflict suffering on｜使……受苦"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "infliction (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "搭配为inflict伤害on对象，不能说inflict sb。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inflict"
 },
 {
  "w": "duplicate",
  "uk": "/ˈdjuːplɪkət/",
  "us": "/ˈduːplɪkət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "复制品；副本",
    "en": "An exact copy of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "复制；重复",
    "en": "To make an exact copy or repeat something unnecessarily"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "复制的；完全相同的",
    "en": "Exactly matching another item"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I keep a duplicate of the key at home.",
    "zh": "我在家里留了一把备用钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Research teams should share their findings to avoid duplicating work and wasting limited public funding.",
    "zh": "研究团队应共享研究成果，以免重复劳动并浪费有限的公共资金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a duplicate key｜复制的钥匙",
   "duplicate records｜重复记录",
   "duplicate efforts｜重复付出努力",
   "in duplicate｜一式两份"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "duplication (n.)",
   "duplicator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "copy",
   "replica"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "original"
  ],
  "tip": "名词、形容词结尾读/kət/；动词读/keɪt/。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "duplicate"
 },
 {
  "w": "methodology",
  "uk": "/ˌmeθəˈdɒlədʒi/",
  "us": "/ˌmeθəˈdɑːlədʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "研究方法体系；方法论",
    "en": "a system of methods and principles used in research"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our tutor explained the methodology before we began our project.",
    "zh": "开始项目之前，导师向我们讲解了研究方法。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must describe their methodology clearly so that others can evaluate the reliability of their findings.",
    "zh": "研究人员必须清楚描述其研究方法，以便他人评估研究结果的可靠性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "research methodology｜研究方法体系",
   "develop a methodology｜制定方法体系",
   "rigorous methodology｜严谨的方法体系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "method (n.)",
   "methodological (adj.)",
   "methodologically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "method是具体方法；methodology侧重整套方法及原理。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "methodology"
 },
 {
  "w": "farmhand",
  "uk": "/ˈfɑːmhænd/",
  "us": "/ˈfɑːrmhænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "农场雇工",
    "en": "A person employed to do practical work on a farm"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A farmhand carried fresh hay into the barn this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早晨，一名农场雇工把新鲜干草搬进了谷仓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Seasonal farmhands play an important role in harvesting crops where agricultural machinery cannot easily be used.",
    "zh": "在难以使用农业机械的地方，季节性农场雇工在收割作物方面发挥着重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "work as a farmhand｜当农场雇工",
   "hire a farmhand｜雇用农场工人",
   "seasonal farmhand｜季节性农场雇工"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "farm (n.)",
   "farm (v.)",
   "farmer (n.)",
   "farming (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "farmworker"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hand可指干体力活的人；farmhand是雇工而非农场主。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "farmhand"
 },
 {
  "w": "portfolio",
  "uk": "/pɔːtˈfəʊliəʊ/",
  "us": "/pɔːrtˈfoʊlioʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "作品集",
    "en": "a collection of work showing someone's skills and experience"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "投资组合",
    "en": "a collection of investments owned by a person or organization"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "部长职责；部长职务",
    "en": "a minister's position or area of government responsibility"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She brought her photography portfolio to the interview.",
    "zh": "她带着自己的摄影作品集去参加面试。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A diversified investment portfolio can reduce financial risk, although it cannot guarantee steady returns.",
    "zh": "多元化的投资组合可以降低金融风险，但不能保证稳定的回报。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a portfolio of work｜一套作品集",
   "investment portfolio｜投资组合",
   "hold a portfolio｜担任部长职务"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "求职时常指作品集；金融语境指投资组合。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "portfolio"
 },
 {
  "w": "enlighten",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈlaɪtən/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈlaɪtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "启发；使了解",
    "en": "to give someone information that helps them understand something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Could you enlighten me about how this camera works?",
    "zh": "你能给我讲讲这台相机怎么用吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns should enlighten citizens about the benefits of vaccination while addressing common concerns respectfully.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传应让公众了解接种疫苗的益处，同时以尊重的态度回应常见顾虑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enlighten someone about｜使某人了解",
   "enlighten someone on｜向某人讲解",
   "an enlightening discussion｜有启发性的讨论"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enlightenment (n.)",
   "enlightening (adj.)",
   "enlightened (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inform",
   "educate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用enlighten sb about/on sth，语气较正式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enlighten"
 },
 {
  "w": "pore",
  "uk": "/pɔː/",
  "us": "/pɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "毛孔；气孔；孔隙",
    "en": "a tiny opening in skin or another surface"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "仔细研读；认真审视",
    "en": "to read or examine something with great attention"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Tiny drops of sweat appeared around his skin pores.",
    "zh": "他的皮肤毛孔周围冒出了细小的汗珠。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers pore over historical records to understand how earlier societies responded to periods of severe drought.",
    "zh": "研究人员仔细研读历史记录，以了解过去的社会如何应对严重干旱时期。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clogged pores｜堵塞的毛孔",
   "open pores｜张开的毛孔",
   "pore over documents｜仔细研读文件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "porous (adj.)",
   "porosity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用pore over，勿与pour over混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pore"
 },
 {
  "w": "magnitude",
  "uk": "/ˈmæɡnɪtjuːd/",
  "us": "/ˈmæɡnɪtuːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "巨大程度；规模；重要性",
    "en": "The size, extent, or importance of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "震级",
    "en": "A measure of the energy released by an earthquake."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We only realised the magnitude of the damage at sunrise.",
    "zh": "直到日出时，我们才意识到损坏的严重程度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The magnitude of global food waste highlights the need for better storage systems and more responsible consumption.",
    "zh": "全球食物浪费的巨大规模凸显了改善储存系统和更负责任地消费的必要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the magnitude of the problem｜问题的严重程度",
   "an earthquake of magnitude six｜六级地震",
   "an order of magnitude｜一个数量级"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "scale",
   "extent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "谈规模常用the magnitude of；震级也用此词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "magnitude"
 },
 {
  "w": "irony",
  "uk": "/ˈaɪrəni/",
  "us": "/ˈaɪrəni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "具有讽刺意味的情况",
    "en": "A situation that is strikingly opposite to what is expected."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "反语；讽刺",
    "en": "Using words opposite to your meaning, often for humorous effect."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The irony is that our swimming lesson was cancelled by rain.",
    "zh": "讽刺的是，我们的游泳课竟因下雨而取消了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "There is considerable irony in promoting environmental awareness through disposable products that create additional waste.",
    "zh": "通过制造更多垃圾的一次性产品来宣传环保意识，颇具讽刺意味。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the irony of the situation｜局面的讽刺之处",
   "a sense of irony｜反讽意识",
   "dramatic irony｜戏剧性反讽"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ironic (adj.)",
   "ironically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "irony不只是巧合，常指结果与预期形成讽刺性反差。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "irony"
 },
 {
  "w": "advent",
  "uk": "/ˈædvent/",
  "us": "/ˈædvent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "出现；到来",
    "en": "The arrival of an important new invention, event, or period"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The advent of smartphones changed how we take photos.",
    "zh": "智能手机的出现改变了我们拍照的方式。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The advent of affordable renewable energy has encouraged governments to reconsider their dependence on fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "价格可负担的可再生能源的出现，促使各国政府重新审视对化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the advent of｜……的出现",
   "with the advent of｜随着……的到来",
   "since the advent of｜自……出现以来"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "arrival",
   "emergence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用the advent of，指重要新事物的出现。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "advent"
 },
 {
  "w": "mediate",
  "uk": "/ˈmiːdieɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈmiːdieɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "调解；斡旋",
    "en": "To help opposing sides reach an agreement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbour offered to mediate when we argued about parking.",
    "zh": "我们因停车问题争吵时，邻居主动提出调解。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent organisations can mediate between employers and workers to resolve disputes before they disrupt essential public services.",
    "zh": "独立机构可以在雇主与员工之间进行调解，在纠纷影响基本公共服务之前将其解决。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mediate between two sides｜在双方之间调解",
   "mediate a dispute｜调解纠纷",
   "mediate a settlement｜调解达成和解"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mediation (n.)",
   "mediator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "arbitrate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mediate侧重促成协议；arbitrate可指作出仲裁。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mediate"
 },
 {
  "w": "latitude",
  "uk": "/ˈlætɪtjuːd/",
  "us": "/ˈlætɪtuːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纬度",
    "en": "Distance north or south of the equator, measured in degrees."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自主决定的自由；余地",
    "en": "Freedom to choose how to act or decide."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our geography teacher showed us latitude on a globe.",
    "zh": "地理老师用地球仪给我们讲解纬度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regions at higher latitudes generally experience greater seasonal variations in daylight than those near the equator.",
    "zh": "高纬度地区的日照时长通常比赤道附近地区有更明显的季节变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "high latitudes｜高纬度地区",
   "low latitudes｜低纬度地区",
   "give someone latitude｜给予某人自主权"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "latitude是纬度，longitude是经度。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "latitude"
 },
 {
  "w": "relentless",
  "uk": "/rɪˈlentləs/",
  "us": "/rɪˈlentləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "持续不减的；不懈的",
    "en": "continuing strongly without stopping or becoming less intense"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冷酷无情的",
    "en": "showing no sympathy or willingness to become less harsh"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The relentless rain kept us indoors all weekend.",
    "zh": "雨下个不停，我们整个周末都待在屋里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Relentless pressure to achieve high grades can undermine students' confidence and damage their mental health.",
    "zh": "持续不断的高分压力会削弱学生的信心，并损害他们的心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "relentless pressure｜持续不断的压力",
   "relentless pursuit｜不懈追求",
   "relentless criticism｜毫不留情的批评"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "relent (v.)",
   "relentlessly (adv.)",
   "relentlessness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unrelenting",
   "unceasing"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "intermittent"
  ],
  "tip": "不限于“无情的”，也常形容雨、压力等持续不减。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "relentless"
 },
 {
  "w": "incline",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈklaɪn/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈklaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "倾向于；使倾向于",
    "en": "To tend towards a particular opinion or course of action"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "倾斜；低头",
    "en": "To lean or move something towards a sloping position"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "斜坡",
    "en": "A surface that slopes upwards or downwards"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I incline towards the cheaper option for our holiday.",
    "zh": "对于我们的假期，我倾向于选择更便宜的方案。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising housing costs may incline young adults to remain in their parents' homes longer.",
    "zh": "不断上涨的住房成本可能使年轻人更倾向于延长与父母同住的时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "incline towards a view｜倾向于某种观点",
   "be inclined to agree｜倾向于赞同",
   "a steep incline｜陡坡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inclination (n.)",
   "inclined (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词重音在后；名词读/ˈɪnklaɪn/。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "incline"
 },
 {
  "w": "analogous",
  "uk": "/əˈnæləɡəs/",
  "us": "/əˈnæləɡəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "类似的；可比拟的",
    "en": "Similar in a way that allows a useful comparison."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our shared kitchen is analogous to a busy workshop.",
    "zh": "我们的共用厨房就像一个忙碌的工坊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The role of public libraries is analogous to that of schools in supporting lifelong learning within communities.",
    "zh": "在支持社区终身学习方面，公共图书馆的作用与学校类似。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "analogous to｜与…类似",
   "an analogous situation｜类似的情形",
   "an analogous process｜类似的过程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "analogy (n.)",
   "analogously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "comparable",
   "similar"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dissimilar"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be analogous to，强调某方面可作比较。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "analogous"
 },
 {
  "w": "popularize",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒpjələraɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːpjələraɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推广；使流行",
    "en": "To make something widely known, liked, or used."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使通俗易懂",
    "en": "To explain specialist knowledge so ordinary people can understand it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her cooking videos helped popularize this simple bean soup.",
    "zh": "她的烹饪视频让这道简单的豆汤流行起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public broadcasters can popularize scientific knowledge by explaining complex discoveries through accessible documentaries and practical demonstrations.",
    "zh": "公共广播机构可以通过通俗的纪录片和实际演示解释复杂的发现，从而普及科学知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "popularize science｜普及科学",
   "popularize an idea｜推广一种观念",
   "help popularize｜帮助推广"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "popular (adj.)",
   "popularity (n.)",
   "popularization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "promote"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也常写popularise；不只是“宣传”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "popularize"
 },
 {
  "w": "depict",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpɪkt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈpɪkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "描绘；描写",
    "en": "to show or describe something in art, images, or words"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This painting depicts children playing beside a quiet lake.",
    "zh": "这幅画描绘了孩子们在宁静的湖边玩耍的情景。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Films often depict urban life as exciting, overlooking the isolation that many residents experience in large cities.",
    "zh": "电影常将城市生活描绘得令人兴奋，却忽略了许多大城市居民感受到的孤独。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "depict daily life｜描绘日常生活",
   "depict someone as｜将某人描绘成",
   "accurately depict｜准确描绘"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "depiction (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "portray",
   "represent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "depict A as B：把A描绘成B。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "depict"
 },
 {
  "w": "pasture",
  "uk": "/ˈpɑːstʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈpæstʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牧场；牧草地",
    "en": "Land covered with grass where farm animals feed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放牧",
    "en": "To put animals on grassland so they can feed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cows wandered across the green pasture after sunrise.",
    "zh": "日出后，牛群在绿色的牧草地上漫步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Converting forests into pasture can reduce biodiversity and increase greenhouse gas emissions from land use.",
    "zh": "将森林改为牧场可能减少生物多样性，并增加土地利用产生的温室气体排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rich pasture｜丰美的牧草地",
   "pasture land｜牧场用地",
   "put cattle out to pasture｜把牛赶到牧场放牧"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "grassland",
   "grazing land"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pasture强调供牲畜吃草的土地，不是普通草坪。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pasture"
 },
 {
  "w": "biographer",
  "uk": "/baɪˈɒɡrəfə/",
  "us": "/baɪˈɑːɡrəfər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "传记作者",
    "en": "Someone who writes an account of another person's life."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The biographer interviewed my grandmother about her childhood friend.",
    "zh": "那位传记作者采访了我祖母，了解她童年好友的往事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A responsible biographer compares multiple sources before drawing conclusions about a historical figure's personal motivations.",
    "zh": "负责任的传记作者会先比较多种资料，再对历史人物的个人动机作出判断。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an official biographer｜官方传记作者",
   "a royal biographer｜王室传记作者",
   "a renowned biographer｜著名传记作者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "biography (n.)",
   "biographical (adj.)",
   "autobiography (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "biographer写他人传记；自传是autobiography。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "biographer"
 },
 {
  "w": "assertion",
  "uk": "/əˈsɜːʃən/",
  "us": "/əˈsɝːʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "断言；明确主张",
    "en": "a confident statement that something is true"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "坚持；维护",
    "en": "the act of firmly expressing rights, authority, or independence"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her assertion that the shop was closed proved wrong.",
    "zh": "她断言商店已经关门，结果证明她错了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The assertion that economic growth always improves wellbeing requires careful examination of social and environmental evidence.",
    "zh": "经济增长总能改善福祉这一断言，需要通过仔细审视社会和环境证据来检验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make an assertion｜作出断言",
   "unsupported assertion｜缺乏依据的断言",
   "challenge an assertion｜质疑某项断言",
   "assertion of rights｜维护权利"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assert (v.)",
   "assertive (adj.)",
   "assertively (adv.)",
   "assertiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "claim",
   "statement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用the assertion that…；断言不代表已有证据。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assertion"
 },
 {
  "w": "standstill",
  "uk": "/ˈstændstɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈstændstɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "停顿；停滞",
    "en": "A state in which all movement or activity has stopped."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Traffic came to a standstill outside the station.",
    "zh": "车站外的交通完全停滞了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Severe flooding brought construction to a standstill, delaying urgently needed housing projects across the region.",
    "zh": "严重洪灾使施工完全停顿，延误了该地区急需的住房项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "come to a standstill｜陷入停顿",
   "bring something to a standstill｜使某事停顿",
   "at a standstill｜处于停滞状态"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "halt",
   "stop"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用come to a standstill，注意冠词a。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "standstill"
 },
 {
  "w": "fodder",
  "uk": "/ˈfɒdə/",
  "us": "/ˈfɑːdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牲畜饲料",
    "en": "Food such as hay or straw given to farm animals."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "素材；谈资",
    "en": "Material that can be used for a particular purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stored extra fodder in the barn before winter.",
    "zh": "入冬前，我们在谷仓里储备了额外的饲料。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Celebrity lifestyles often provide fodder for media coverage, diverting public attention from more significant social issues.",
    "zh": "名人的生活方式常成为媒体报道的素材，使公众忽略更重要的社会问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "winter fodder｜冬季饲料",
   "fodder crops｜饲料作物",
   "fodder for gossip｜闲聊的谈资"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "feed"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；fodder for也可比喻供利用的素材。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fodder"
 },
 {
  "w": "globalize",
  "uk": "/ˈɡləʊbəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈɡloʊbəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使全球化；全球化",
    "en": "to make something operate or spread across the world"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Online shops help small businesses globalize without opening stores abroad.",
    "zh": "网店帮助小企业无需在海外开店就能走向全球。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As companies globalize their operations, governments must cooperate to protect workers and maintain fair competition.",
    "zh": "随着企业将业务拓展至全球，各国政府必须合作保护劳动者并维护公平竞争。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "globalize operations｜使业务全球化",
   "globalize production｜使生产全球化",
   "globalize markets｜使市场全球化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "global (adj.)",
   "globally (adv.)",
   "globalization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语也常拼作globalise。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "globalize"
 },
 {
  "w": "sway",
  "uk": "/sweɪ/",
  "us": "/sweɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "摇摆；使摇晃",
    "en": "To move slowly from side to side, or cause this movement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "影响；左右",
    "en": "To influence someone's opinion, choice, or decision."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "支配力；影响力",
    "en": "Power or influence over people or decisions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The branches swayed gently as we ate outside.",
    "zh": "我们在户外吃饭时，树枝轻轻摇曳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Emotional advertising can sway consumers' decisions even when competing products offer better value for money.",
    "zh": "即使竞争产品更划算，情感广告仍可能左右消费者的决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sway gently｜轻轻摇摆",
   "sway public opinion｜左右公众舆论",
   "hold sway｜占主导地位",
   "under the sway of｜受……支配"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sway既可指身体摇摆，也可指影响观点或决定。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sway"
 },
 {
  "w": "spatial",
  "uk": "/ˈspeɪʃəl/",
  "us": "/ˈspeɪʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "空间的；空间关系的",
    "en": "relating to space and the positions of objects within it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Building with blocks helps children develop their spatial awareness.",
    "zh": "搭积木有助于孩子培养空间意识。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planners examine the spatial distribution of housing to ensure residents can access essential services.",
    "zh": "城市规划者研究住房的空间分布，以确保居民能获得基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spatial awareness｜空间意识",
   "spatial distribution｜空间分布",
   "spatial reasoning｜空间推理"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "space (n.)",
   "spatially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "spatial指空间关系；spacious指地方宽敞。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spatial"
 },
 {
  "w": "habitual",
  "uk": "/həˈbɪtʃuəl/",
  "us": "/həˈbɪtʃuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "惯常的；习惯性的",
    "en": "done regularly or repeatedly as a habit"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His habitual lateness meant we often missed the bus.",
    "zh": "他习惯性迟到，害得我们常常错过公交车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Habitual use of private cars can increase urban congestion and discourage investment in public transport.",
    "zh": "习惯性使用私家车可能加剧城市拥堵，并削弱投资公共交通的动力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "habitual behaviour｜习惯性行为",
   "habitual lateness｜习惯性迟到",
   "a habitual user｜经常使用者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "habit (n.)",
   "habitually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "customary",
   "usual",
   "routine"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "occasional"
  ],
  "tip": "形容反复发生的行为，也可修饰经常做某事的人。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "habitual"
 },
 {
  "w": "narcotic",
  "uk": "/nɑːˈkɒtɪk/",
  "us": "/nɑːrˈkɑːtɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "麻醉性镇痛药；毒品",
    "en": "a sleep-inducing painkiller; also an illegal drug"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "麻醉性的；催眠的",
    "en": "causing sleep or reduced awareness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor prescribed a narcotic for severe pain after surgery.",
    "zh": "医生开了一种麻醉性镇痛药，用于缓解术后剧痛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strict controls on narcotic medicines should prevent misuse without limiting access for patients with severe pain.",
    "zh": "对麻醉性药品的严格管控应防止滥用，同时不妨碍剧痛患者获得药物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "narcotic painkiller｜麻醉性镇痛药",
   "narcotic drugs｜麻醉性药物；毒品",
   "narcotic effect｜催眠作用"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "医学常指麻醉性镇痛药；法律语境可泛指毒品。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "narcotic"
 },
 {
  "w": "conspiracy",
  "uk": "/kənˈspɪrəsi/",
  "us": "/kənˈspɪrəsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阴谋；密谋",
    "en": "A secret plan by several people to do something wrong."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Police uncovered a conspiracy to steal valuable paintings.",
    "zh": "警方发现了一起盗窃珍贵画作的阴谋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "False conspiracy theories can spread rapidly online, weakening public trust in scientific institutions.",
    "zh": "虚假的阴谋论会在网上迅速传播，削弱公众对科研机构的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conspiracy theory｜阴谋论",
   "uncover a conspiracy｜揭露阴谋",
   "conspiracy to commit fraud｜实施诈骗的共谋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conspire (v.)",
   "conspirator (n.)",
   "conspiratorial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "plot"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "conspiracy to do sth指密谋做某事。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conspiracy"
 },
 {
  "w": "reliance",
  "uk": "/rɪˈlaɪəns/",
  "us": "/rɪˈlaɪəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "依赖；信赖",
    "en": "The state of depending on or trusting someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cycling to work has reduced my reliance on buses.",
    "zh": "骑车上班减少了我对公交车的依赖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing reliance on fossil fuels requires sustained investment in renewable energy and improvements to public transport infrastructure.",
    "zh": "减少对化石燃料的依赖，需要持续投资可再生能源，并改善公共交通基础设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reliance on｜对……的依赖",
   "heavy reliance on｜对……的严重依赖",
   "reduce reliance on｜减少对……的依赖",
   "self-reliance｜自立"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rely (v.)",
   "reliant (adj.)",
   "reliable (adj.)",
   "reliability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dependence"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "independence"
  ],
  "tip": "reliance是不可数名词，通常与on搭配。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reliance"
 },
 {
  "w": "restraint",
  "uk": "/rɪˈstreɪnt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈstreɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "克制；自制",
    "en": "control over your feelings, behaviour, or desires"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "限制；约束",
    "en": "a rule or measure that limits actions or freedom"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "约束装置",
    "en": "a device that prevents someone or something from moving freely"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She showed restraint and saved the last biscuit for me.",
    "zh": "她克制住自己，把最后一块饼干留给了我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should exercise restraint when introducing restrictions that could limit citizens' access to reliable information.",
    "zh": "政府在引入可能限制公民获取可靠信息的规定时，应保持克制。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "show restraint｜表现出克制",
   "exercise restraint｜保持克制",
   "restraints on spending｜支出限制",
   "child restraint｜儿童安全约束装置"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "restrain (v.)",
   "restrained (adj.)",
   "unrestrained (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "self-control"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表自制通常不可数；表限制常用restraints on。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "restraint"
 },
 {
  "w": "lark",
  "uk": "/lɑːk/",
  "us": "/lɑːrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "云雀；百灵鸟",
    "en": "a small bird known for singing while flying"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "玩乐；嬉闹",
    "en": "something done for fun rather than for a serious purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We heard a lark singing above the quiet fields.",
    "zh": "我们听见一只云雀在宁静的田野上空歌唱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting grassland habitats benefits the lark and other birds threatened by increasingly intensive agricultural practices.",
    "zh": "保护草地栖息地有益于云雀及其他受到日益集约化农业活动威胁的鸟类。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a lark singing｜云雀鸣唱",
   "for a lark｜为了好玩",
   "have a lark｜嬉闹玩乐"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "for a lark意为“为了好玩”，多用于英式口语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lark"
 },
 {
  "w": "dual",
  "uk": "/ˈdjuːəl/",
  "us": "/ˈduːəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "双重的；两部分的",
    "en": "Having two parts, purposes, or aspects."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This sofa has a dual purpose: sitting and sleeping.",
    "zh": "这张沙发有两种用途：坐着休息和睡觉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many working parents face the dual challenge of earning an income and caring for young children.",
    "zh": "许多在职父母面临着挣钱和照顾幼儿的双重挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dual purpose｜双重用途",
   "dual role｜双重角色",
   "dual citizenship｜双重国籍",
   "dual function｜双重功能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "duality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "twofold"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "single"
  ],
  "tip": "dual 强调两部分或双重功能；勿与 duel（决斗）混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dual"
 },
 {
  "w": "amendment",
  "uk": "/əˈmendmənt/",
  "us": "/əˈmendmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "修订；修正案",
    "en": "A change made to a law, document, or proposal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We agreed on one small amendment to the contract.",
    "zh": "我们就合同的一处小修改达成了一致。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposed amendment would require employers to provide safer working conditions for temporary staff.",
    "zh": "拟议的修正案将要求雇主为临时员工提供更安全的工作条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make an amendment｜作出修改",
   "propose an amendment｜提出修正案",
   "constitutional amendment｜宪法修正案",
   "amendment to a law｜对法律的修订"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "amend (v.)",
   "amended (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "revision",
   "modification"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示对某文件的修改，用amendment to。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amendment"
 },
 {
  "w": "canvass",
  "uk": "/ˈkænvəs/",
  "us": "/ˈkænvəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拉票；争取支持",
    "en": "To approach people and ask for their votes or support."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "征求意见；调查",
    "en": "To ask people about their opinions on a particular issue."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Volunteers canvassed the neighbourhood before the local election.",
    "zh": "志愿者在地方选举前到社区挨家挨户拉票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should canvass residents' views before introducing major changes to public transport routes and schedules.",
    "zh": "地方政府在大幅调整公共交通路线和时刻表之前，应征求居民意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "canvass for votes｜拉选票",
   "canvass support｜争取支持",
   "canvass opinions｜征求意见"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "canvasser (n.)",
   "canvassing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "solicit",
   "poll"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "canvass是拉票或征求意见；canvas指帆布。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "canvass"
 },
 {
  "w": "obliging",
  "uk": "/əˈblaɪdʒɪŋ/",
  "us": "/əˈblaɪdʒɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "乐于助人的；热心的",
    "en": "willing and happy to help other people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An obliging neighbour watered our plants while we travelled.",
    "zh": "我们旅行时，一位热心的邻居帮我们浇了花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Obliging staff can improve patients' experiences by answering questions patiently and responding promptly to reasonable requests.",
    "zh": "乐于助人的工作人员可以通过耐心解答问题、及时回应合理要求来改善患者的体验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "obliging staff｜热心的员工",
   "an obliging neighbour｜乐于助人的邻居",
   "friendly and obliging｜友善又热心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "oblige (v.)",
   "obligingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "helpful",
   "accommodating"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unhelpful",
   "uncooperative"
  ],
  "tip": "obliging 指乐于助人；obliged 常表示被迫或感激。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obliging"
 },
 {
  "w": "awkwardness",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːkwədnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːkwərdnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "笨拙；不灵活",
    "en": "A lack of ease or control in physical movement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尴尬；拘谨",
    "en": "Discomfort or embarrassment in a social situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His awkwardness on skates made every turn a challenge.",
    "zh": "他滑冰时动作笨拙，每次转弯都很吃力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Group activities can reduce the initial awkwardness students experience when interacting with classmates from different cultural backgrounds.",
    "zh": "小组活动可以减轻学生与不同文化背景的同学交流时最初的拘谨感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "physical awkwardness｜动作笨拙",
   "social awkwardness｜社交拘谨",
   "initial awkwardness｜最初的尴尬",
   "a sense of awkwardness｜尴尬感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "awkward (adj.)",
   "awkwardly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clumsiness",
   "unease"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "grace",
   "ease"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；可形容动作笨拙，也可表示社交尴尬。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "awkwardness"
 },
 {
  "w": "commotion",
  "uk": "/kəˈməʊʃən/",
  "us": "/kəˈmoʊʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喧闹；骚动",
    "en": "Noisy activity and confusion caused by excitement or disturbance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A loose puppy caused a commotion in the café.",
    "zh": "一只没拴住的小狗在咖啡馆里引起了一阵骚动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The sudden commotion at the station highlighted the need for clearer procedures during unexpected service disruptions.",
    "zh": "车站突发的骚动凸显了在服务意外中断时制定更明确应对程序的必要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cause a commotion｜引起骚动",
   "a sudden commotion｜突如其来的喧闹",
   "in the commotion｜在混乱中"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "disturbance",
   "uproar"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm"
  ],
  "tip": "常指短暂喧闹或混乱，不一定涉及暴力或暴乱。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commotion"
 },
 {
  "w": "heiress",
  "uk": "/ˈeəres/",
  "us": "/ˈeres/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女继承人",
    "en": "A woman who inherits or expects to inherit substantial wealth."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The young heiress turned her family mansion into a museum.",
    "zh": "这位年轻的女继承人把家族宅邸改成了博物馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The heiress funded scholarships for disadvantaged students, illustrating how inherited wealth can support wider educational opportunities.",
    "zh": "这位女继承人出资为弱势学生设立奖学金，展示了继承财富如何扩大教育机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heiress to a fortune｜巨额财产的女继承人",
   "a wealthy heiress｜富有的女继承人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "heir (n.)",
   "inherit (v.)",
   "inheritance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "h不发音；heir如今也可泛指任何性别的继承人。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "heiress"
 },
 {
  "w": "fervent",
  "uk": "/ˈfɜːvənt/",
  "us": "/ˈfɝːvənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "热忱的；强烈的",
    "en": "showing very strong and sincere feelings or beliefs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She is a fervent supporter of our local football team.",
    "zh": "她是我们当地足球队的热情支持者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fervent supporters of wildlife conservation argue that protecting natural habitats should take priority over commercial development.",
    "zh": "野生动物保护的热心支持者认为，保护自然栖息地应优先于商业开发。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fervent supporter｜热情的支持者",
   "a fervent believer｜坚定的信奉者",
   "a fervent hope｜热切的希望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fervently (adv.)",
   "fervour (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "passionate",
   "ardent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "apathetic"
  ],
  "tip": "语气较正式，常修饰supporter、belief、hope。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fervent"
 },
 {
  "w": "whirl",
  "uk": "/wɜːl/",
  "us": "/wɝːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "旋转；使旋转",
    "en": "To spin or move around very quickly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旋转；接连的忙乱活动",
    "en": "A spinning movement or a confusing rush of activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dry leaves whirled around us in the wind.",
    "zh": "干枯的树叶在风中绕着我们打转。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As urban life accelerates, many workers become caught in a whirl of meetings and deadlines.",
    "zh": "随着城市生活节奏加快，许多上班族陷入接连不断的会议和截止期限之中。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "whirl around｜快速转动",
   "a whirl of activity｜一连串忙乱的活动",
   "give it a whirl｜试一试"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "whirling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "spin",
   "swirl"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "give it a whirl是口语，意为“试一试”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "whirl"
 },
 {
  "w": "composite",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒmpəzɪt/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpɑːzɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "复合的；合成的",
    "en": "made by combining different parts or materials"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "复合材料；合成物",
    "en": "something made from several different parts or materials"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our new garden bench is made from composite material.",
    "zh": "我们的新花园长椅是用复合材料制成的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Lightweight composite materials can reduce fuel consumption by making aircraft lighter without significantly compromising their strength.",
    "zh": "轻质复合材料能够减轻飞机重量，同时不明显损害其强度，从而降低燃料消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "composite material｜复合材料",
   "composite image｜合成图像",
   "composite index｜综合指数"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "composition (n.)",
   "compose (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调由不同部分组合而成，常修饰material或image。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "composite"
 },
 {
  "w": "flora",
  "uk": "/ˈflɔːrə/",
  "us": "/ˈflɔːrə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "某地区的植物群",
    "en": "All the plants naturally growing in a particular area."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our guide pointed out the island's unusual flora.",
    "zh": "导游向我们介绍了岛上不同寻常的植物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting native flora helps maintain biodiversity and supports the insects that pollinate local crops.",
    "zh": "保护本土植物有助于维持生物多样性，并为给当地作物授粉的昆虫提供支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "native flora｜本土植物群",
   "local flora｜当地植物群",
   "flora and fauna｜动植物群"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "floral (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "plant life",
   "vegetation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "flora指植物群；fauna指动物群。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flora"
 },
 {
  "w": "hawk",
  "uk": "/hɔːk/",
  "us": "/hɔːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鹰",
    "en": "a hunting bird with sharp claws and a curved beak"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鹰派人物；强硬派",
    "en": "someone who supports forceful policies, especially military action"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "沿街叫卖；兜售",
    "en": "to sell goods by offering them in public places"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A hawk circled slowly above the open field.",
    "zh": "一只鹰在空旷的田野上方缓缓盘旋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting woodland habitats helps maintain hawk populations, which play an important role in controlling small mammals.",
    "zh": "保护林地栖息地有助于维持鹰的数量，而鹰在控制小型哺乳动物数量方面发挥着重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "watch someone like a hawk｜紧盯某人",
   "a foreign-policy hawk｜外交政策强硬派",
   "hawk goods｜沿街兜售商品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hawkish (adj.)",
   "hawker (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "鹰派hawk与主张和平的鸽派dove相对。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hawk"
 },
 {
  "w": "manifesto",
  "uk": "/ˌmænɪˈfestəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˌmænɪˈfestoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宣言；政纲",
    "en": "A public statement of a group's beliefs, aims, and planned actions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our club published a manifesto calling for cleaner parks.",
    "zh": "我们俱乐部发表了一份宣言，呼吁让公园更清洁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The party's manifesto promises greater investment in public transport to reduce congestion in major cities.",
    "zh": "该党的政纲承诺加大公共交通投入，以缓解大城市的交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "publish a manifesto｜发表宣言",
   "election manifesto｜竞选纲领",
   "party manifesto｜政党纲领"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数可用manifestos或manifestoes。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "manifesto"
 },
 {
  "w": "footing",
  "uk": "/ˈfʊtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈfʊtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "站稳；立足处",
    "en": "A secure position for your feet on a surface."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "基础；地位",
    "en": "The basis or status on which something operates."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I lost my footing on the wet steps.",
    "zh": "我在湿滑的台阶上没站稳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public funding can help place rural schools on an equal footing with their urban counterparts.",
    "zh": "公共资金能帮助农村学校获得与城市学校平等的地位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lose your footing｜失去平衡",
   "regain your footing｜重新站稳",
   "on an equal footing｜处于平等地位",
   "on a sound footing｜建立在稳固基础上"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "foot (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on an equal footing表示地位平等。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "footing"
 },
 {
  "w": "mirage",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪrɑːʒ/",
  "us": "/məˈrɑːʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海市蜃楼；蜃景",
    "en": "an optical illusion caused by light bending through unevenly heated air"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "幻象；不切实际的希望",
    "en": "something attractive that seems real or achievable but is not"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The distant pool was only a mirage in the desert.",
    "zh": "远处的水池只是沙漠中的蜃景。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For many young workers, affordable home ownership remains a mirage as property prices rise faster than wages.",
    "zh": "对许多年轻劳动者而言，由于房价涨幅超过工资涨幅，买得起住房仍是可望而不可即的梦想。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "desert mirage｜沙漠蜃景",
   "a shimmering mirage｜闪烁的蜃景",
   "a mirage of prosperity｜繁荣的幻象"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "illusion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指光学蜃景或虚幻希望，不表示普通雾气。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mirage"
 },
 {
  "w": "ultrasound",
  "uk": "/ˈʌltrəsaʊnd/",
  "us": "/ˈʌltrəsaʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "超声波",
    "en": "sound with frequencies too high for humans to hear"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "超声检查",
    "en": "a medical examination using sound waves to show internal organs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor used ultrasound to examine my shoulder.",
    "zh": "医生用超声波检查了我的肩膀。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ultrasound allows doctors to examine internal organs without exposing patients to the radiation used in conventional X-rays.",
    "zh": "超声检查让医生能够观察内脏，而不使患者接触常规X光检查所用的辐射。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ultrasound scan｜超声扫描检查",
   "ultrasound imaging｜超声成像",
   "ultrasound waves｜超声波"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ultrasonic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指超声波时不可数；指一次检查可说an ultrasound。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ultrasound"
 },
 {
  "w": "orientation",
  "uk": "/ˌɔːriənˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɔːriənˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "入职或入学指导",
    "en": "an introduction that helps people adjust to a new setting"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "朝向；方位",
    "en": "the direction in which something faces or is positioned"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "倾向；取向",
    "en": "a person's or organisation's basic interests, beliefs, or preferences"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "During orientation, a student guide showed us the library.",
    "zh": "入学指导期间，一位学生向导带我们参观了图书馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A comprehensive orientation programme can help international students understand academic expectations and access essential support services.",
    "zh": "全面的入学指导计划能帮助国际学生了解学业要求，并获得必要的支持服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "orientation programme｜入学或入职指导计划",
   "orientation session｜情况介绍会",
   "building orientation｜建筑朝向",
   "political orientation｜政治倾向"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "orient (v.)",
   "orientate (v.)",
   "oriented (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "induction",
   "alignment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "入学指导常用orientation；方位义常用于建筑。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "orientation"
 },
 {
  "w": "carnivore",
  "uk": "/ˈkɑːnɪvɔː/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːrnɪvɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "食肉动物",
    "en": "an animal that eats other animals"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiger is a carnivore with powerful jaws.",
    "zh": "老虎是一种颌部强有力的食肉动物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting large carnivores can help maintain balanced ecosystems by preventing excessive growth in prey populations.",
    "zh": "保护大型食肉动物有助于防止猎物种群过度增长，从而维持生态系统平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "large carnivore｜大型食肉动物",
   "marine carnivore｜海洋食肉动物",
   "carnivore population｜食肉动物种群"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "carnivorous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "herbivore"
  ],
  "tip": "carnivore是名词；carnivorous是形容词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "carnivore"
 },
 {
  "w": "highland",
  "uk": "/ˈhaɪlənd/",
  "us": "/ˈhaɪlənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "高地；高原地区",
    "en": "An area of land that lies high above sea level."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "高地的；高原地区的",
    "en": "Relating to land high above sea level."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We explored the highlands on foot during our holiday.",
    "zh": "假期里，我们徒步探索了高地地区。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Highland communities often face transport difficulties because steep terrain makes road construction expensive and challenging.",
    "zh": "高地社区经常面临交通困难，因为陡峭的地形使道路建设成本高昂且困难重重。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "highland region｜高原地区",
   "highland communities｜高地社区",
   "the highlands｜高地地区"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "upland"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lowland"
  ],
  "tip": "名词常用复数highlands；单数常作形容词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "highland"
 },
 {
  "w": "feat",
  "uk": "/fiːt/",
  "us": "/fiːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "壮举；非凡成就",
    "en": "An achievement requiring great skill, strength, or courage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Carrying that huge sofa upstairs was quite a feat.",
    "zh": "把那张大沙发搬上楼可真不容易。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building a railway across mountainous terrain remains an impressive feat of engineering, even with modern technology.",
    "zh": "即使有现代技术，在山区修建铁路仍是一项令人赞叹的工程壮举。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an impressive feat｜令人赞叹的壮举",
   "a feat of engineering｜工程壮举",
   "no mean feat｜了不起的成就"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "achievement",
   "accomplishment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与feet同音；no mean feat意为很了不起。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "feat"
 },
 {
  "w": "warden",
  "uk": "/ˈwɔːdən/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːrdən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "管理员；看守员",
    "en": "someone responsible for supervising or protecting a place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "监狱长",
    "en": "the person in charge of a prison, especially in America"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The park warden helped us find the campsite.",
    "zh": "公园管理员帮我们找到了露营地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A wildlife warden can help protect endangered species by monitoring habitats and guiding visitors away from sensitive areas.",
    "zh": "野生动物保护区管理员可以通过监测栖息地、引导游客远离生态敏感区来帮助保护濒危物种。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "park warden｜公园管理员",
   "prison warden｜监狱长",
   "traffic warden｜交通违章监督员"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式prison warden指监狱长，不是普通狱警。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "warden"
 },
 {
  "w": "assert",
  "uk": "/əˈsɜːt/",
  "us": "/əˈsɝːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "断言；坚称",
    "en": "To state firmly that something is true."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "维护；坚持行使",
    "en": "To firmly exercise or defend a right, power, or position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He asserted that he had already paid for lunch.",
    "zh": "他坚称自己已经付过午餐钱了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some educators assert that regular feedback improves student motivation more effectively than frequent formal examinations.",
    "zh": "一些教育工作者坚称，定期反馈比频繁的正式考试更能有效提高学生的学习积极性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "assert that｜坚称……",
   "assert your rights｜维护自己的权利",
   "assert authority｜行使权威",
   "assert yourself｜坚定表达自己的立场"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assertion (n.)",
   "assertive (adj.)",
   "assertively (adv.)",
   "assertiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "declare",
   "maintain"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "deny"
  ],
  "tip": "assert强调坚定表态，不代表已经提供证据。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assert"
 },
 {
  "w": "exile",
  "uk": "/ˈeksaɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈeksaɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "流放；流亡",
    "en": "Forced absence from one's own country, often for political reasons"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "流亡者；被放逐者",
    "en": "A person forced to live away from their own country"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放逐；流放",
    "en": "To force someone to leave their own country"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After years in exile, she finally returned home.",
    "zh": "流亡多年后，她终于回到了家乡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many writers living in exile use literature to preserve cultural traditions and describe their experiences of displacement.",
    "zh": "许多流亡作家通过文学保存文化传统，并讲述他们流离失所的经历。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in exile｜在流亡中",
   "political exile｜政治流亡者",
   "force someone into exile｜迫使某人流亡",
   "exile someone from｜将某人逐出"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exiled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "banishment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in exile表示处于流亡状态，通常不加冠词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exile"
 },
 {
  "w": "symposium",
  "uk": "/sɪmˈpəʊziəm/",
  "us": "/sɪmˈpoʊziəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专题研讨会",
    "en": "a meeting where experts discuss a particular subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leila met several researchers at a symposium yesterday.",
    "zh": "莱拉昨天在一场专题研讨会上结识了几位研究人员。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The international symposium brought together scientists to discuss practical solutions to urban air pollution.",
    "zh": "这场国际专题研讨会汇聚了科学家，共同讨论解决城市空气污染的可行办法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attend a symposium｜参加专题研讨会",
   "a symposium on climate change｜气候变化专题研讨会",
   "host a symposium｜主办专题研讨会"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数可用symposia或symposiums。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "symposium"
 },
 {
  "w": "sceptical",
  "uk": "/ˈskeptɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈskeptɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "怀疑的；不轻信的",
    "en": "Doubtful that a claim or idea is true or useful."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'm sceptical about this cream's promise of instant results.",
    "zh": "我对这款面霜宣称的即时效果持怀疑态度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many consumers remain sceptical about environmental claims made by companies that provide little evidence of sustainable practices.",
    "zh": "许多消费者仍对企业的环保宣传持怀疑态度，因为这些企业几乎未提供可持续实践的证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sceptical about｜对……持怀疑态度",
   "sceptical of claims｜怀疑某些说法",
   "remain sceptical｜仍持怀疑态度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sceptic (n.)",
   "scepticism (n.)",
   "sceptically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "doubtful",
   "unconvinced"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "convinced",
   "credulous"
  ],
  "tip": "英式拼写sceptical，美式通常写skeptical。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sceptical"
 },
 {
  "w": "intervene",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntəˈviːn/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntərˈviːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "干预；介入",
    "en": "to become involved in a situation to influence what happens"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "插话；打断",
    "en": "to interrupt a conversation with a comment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发生于其间；阻碍",
    "en": "to happen between events, sometimes preventing a planned action"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The coach intervened before the argument became more heated.",
    "zh": "教练在争论进一步升级之前进行了调解。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments may need to intervene when market competition fails to provide affordable essential services.",
    "zh": "当市场竞争无法提供价格可承受的基本服务时，政府可能需要干预。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "intervene in a dispute｜介入纠纷",
   "intervene to prevent｜介入以防止",
   "government intervention｜政府干预"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intervention (n.)",
   "intervening (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "intercede",
   "step in"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不及物动词：intervene in sth；不能直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intervene"
 },
 {
  "w": "verification",
  "uk": "/ˌverɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌverɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "核实；验证",
    "en": "The process of checking that something is true or accurate."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The website requires identity verification before I can withdraw money.",
    "zh": "这个网站要求先验证身份，我才能提现。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent verification of research findings is essential for maintaining public confidence in scientific advice.",
    "zh": "对研究结果进行独立验证，对于维持公众对科学建议的信任至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "identity verification｜身份验证",
   "independent verification｜独立核实",
   "verification process｜验证流程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "verify (v.)",
   "verifiable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "confirmation",
   "validation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用verification of，表示对身份、事实或结果的核实。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "verification"
 },
 {
  "w": "attentive",
  "uk": "/əˈtentɪv/",
  "us": "/əˈtentɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "专心的；留意的",
    "en": "listening or watching carefully"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "体贴的；关照的",
    "en": "taking care to notice and meet someone's needs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children were attentive as their grandmother explained the game.",
    "zh": "祖母讲解游戏规则时，孩子们听得很专心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers who are attentive to individual learning needs can help students participate more confidently in classroom discussions.",
    "zh": "关注个体学习需求的教师能帮助学生更自信地参与课堂讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an attentive audience｜专心的听众",
   "attentive to detail｜注重细节",
   "attentive service｜周到的服务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attention (n.)",
   "attentively (adv.)",
   "attentiveness (n.)",
   "inattentive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "alert",
   "considerate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inattentive"
  ],
  "tip": "attentive to后接关注的对象；也可形容服务周到。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attentive"
 },
 {
  "w": "tempo",
  "uk": "/ˈtempəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈtempoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "音乐速度；节拍快慢",
    "en": "The speed at which music is played."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "活动或发展的速度",
    "en": "The pace at which an activity or process happens."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The drummer increased the tempo, and everyone danced faster.",
    "zh": "鼓手加快了节奏，大家也跳得更快了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The tempo of urban life has accelerated as digital services make daily tasks increasingly immediate.",
    "zh": "随着数字服务让日常事务的处理越来越即时，城市生活节奏也加快了。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fast tempo｜快速的节奏",
   "a slow tempo｜缓慢的节奏",
   "increase the tempo｜加快节奏",
   "the tempo of life｜生活节奏"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "pace",
   "speed"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指音乐的快慢，不等于表示节奏型的rhythm。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tempo"
 },
 {
  "w": "equivalence",
  "uk": "/ɪˈkwɪvələns/",
  "us": "/ɪˈkwɪvələns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "等值；等同",
    "en": "the state of being equal in value, meaning, or function"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The balanced scales showed the equivalence of the two weights.",
    "zh": "天平保持平衡，表明两边的重量相等。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Establishing equivalence between qualifications from different countries can make it easier for skilled workers to find employment abroad.",
    "zh": "确立不同国家学历资格之间的等同性，可以帮助技术人才更容易地在国外就业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "equivalence between｜……之间的等同",
   "establish equivalence｜确立等同性",
   "functional equivalence｜功能对等"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "equivalent (adj.)",
   "equivalently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "equality"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inequality"
  ],
  "tip": "常用equivalence between A and B表示两者等同。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "equivalence"
 },
 {
  "w": "nostril",
  "uk": "/ˈnɒstrəl/",
  "us": "/ˈnɑːstrəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鼻孔",
    "en": "Either of the two openings at the bottom of the nose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One nostril felt blocked when I woke this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上醒来时，我觉得一侧鼻孔堵住了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Air entering through each nostril is warmed and filtered before it reaches the lungs.",
    "zh": "从每个鼻孔进入的空气在到达肺部前都会被加温和过滤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blocked nostril｜堵塞的鼻孔",
   "flared nostrils｜张开的鼻孔"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；指两个鼻孔时用复数nostrils。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nostril"
 },
 {
  "w": "patent",
  "uk": "/ˈpeɪtənt/",
  "us": "/ˈpætənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专利；专利权",
    "en": "a legal right to control an invention's production and sale"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为…申请并取得专利",
    "en": "to obtain legal protection for an invention"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "明显的；显而易见的",
    "en": "very clear and easy to recognize"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her uncle holds a patent for a folding bicycle.",
    "zh": "她叔叔拥有一项折叠自行车专利。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Patent protection can encourage innovation by allowing inventors to recover the costs of developing new technologies.",
    "zh": "专利保护能让发明者收回新技术的研发成本，从而鼓励创新。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apply for a patent｜申请专利",
   "hold a patent｜持有专利",
   "patent protection｜专利保护",
   "patent an invention｜为发明取得专利"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "patented (adj.)",
   "patentable (adj.)",
   "patentee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "专利是patent；版权是copyright，二者不同。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "patent"
 },
 {
  "w": "treason",
  "uk": "/ˈtriːzən/",
  "us": "/ˈtriːzən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "叛国罪",
    "en": "The crime of betraying your country, especially by helping its enemies."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum guide explained why the official faced treason charges.",
    "zh": "博物馆讲解员解释了那位官员为何受到叛国罪指控。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historical trials for treason reveal how governments have defined loyalty and responded to perceived threats.",
    "zh": "历史上的叛国罪审判揭示了政府如何界定忠诚，以及如何应对其认定的威胁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commit treason｜犯叛国罪",
   "charged with treason｜被控叛国罪",
   "high treason｜严重叛国罪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "treasonous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数，指严重的背叛国家行为。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "treason"
 },
 {
  "w": "truant",
  "uk": "/ˈtruːənt/",
  "us": "/ˈtruːənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "逃学者",
    "en": "A pupil who stays away from school without permission"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "逃学的",
    "en": "Absent from school without permission"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The teacher found two truants hiding behind the playground.",
    "zh": "老师发现两个逃学的学生躲在操场后面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should support persistent truants by addressing bullying and family difficulties rather than relying solely on punishment.",
    "zh": "学校应通过解决欺凌和家庭困难来帮助经常逃学的学生，而不是只依靠惩罚。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play truant｜逃学",
   "persistent truant｜经常逃学者",
   "truant pupils｜逃学的学生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "truancy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语play truant意为逃学，不是普通的请假缺课。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "truant"
 },
 {
  "w": "chasm",
  "uk": "/ˈkæzəm/",
  "us": "/ˈkæzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "深渊；峡谷",
    "en": "A deep, wide opening in rock or the ground."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "巨大差距；严重分歧",
    "en": "A major difference separating people, ideas, or situations."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We crossed the deep chasm on a narrow bridge.",
    "zh": "我们沿着一座窄桥跨过了深深的峡谷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unequal access to digital technology has widened the chasm between wealthy and disadvantaged communities.",
    "zh": "获取数字技术的机会不平等，扩大了富裕社区与弱势社区之间的差距。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a deep chasm｜深渊",
   "a widening chasm｜不断扩大的鸿沟",
   "bridge the chasm｜弥合巨大差距"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "gulf"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ch读/k/；比喻巨大差距时常用chasm between。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chasm"
 },
 {
  "w": "reluctance",
  "uk": "/rɪˈlʌktəns/",
  "us": "/rɪˈlʌktəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不情愿；勉强",
    "en": "Unwillingness or hesitation to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "With obvious reluctance, Leo handed his favourite toy back.",
    "zh": "利奥明显很不情愿地把心爱的玩具还了回去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some commuters show reluctance to use public transport because services are infrequent and unreliable.",
    "zh": "一些通勤者不愿乘坐公共交通，因为班次稀少且不可靠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reluctance to change｜不愿改变",
   "with reluctance｜不情愿地",
   "overcome one's reluctance｜克服不情愿的心理"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reluctant (adj.)",
   "reluctantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unwillingness",
   "hesitation"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "willingness",
   "eagerness"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数，常接to do，表示不愿做某事。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reluctance"
 },
 {
  "w": "grudge",
  "uk": "/ɡrʌdʒ/",
  "us": "/ɡrʌdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "积怨；怨恨",
    "en": "Lasting anger towards someone because of an earlier wrong"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "不情愿给予；吝惜",
    "en": "To feel unwilling to give or allow something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She still holds a grudge over the broken vase.",
    "zh": "她仍因花瓶被打碎的事心怀怨恨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unresolved workplace conflicts can lead employees to hold grudges, reducing cooperation and damaging team morale.",
    "zh": "未解决的职场冲突可能导致员工心怀积怨，削弱合作并损害团队士气。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hold a grudge｜心怀怨恨",
   "bear a grudge against someone｜对某人怀恨在心",
   "a long-standing grudge｜长期积怨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grudging (adj.)",
   "grudgingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "resentment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hold a grudge against sb表示对某人怀恨在心。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grudge"
 },
 {
  "w": "imperial",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpɪəriəl/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpɪriəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "帝国的；皇帝的",
    "en": "relating to an empire or its ruler"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "英制的",
    "en": "using measurement units such as inches, pounds, and gallons"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We admired the golden roof of the imperial palace.",
    "zh": "我们赞叹那座皇宫的金色屋顶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Former imperial capitals often preserve architectural features that reflect their historical wealth and political influence.",
    "zh": "昔日的帝国首都往往保留着体现其历史财富和政治影响力的建筑特色。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "imperial palace｜皇宫",
   "imperial power｜帝国势力",
   "imperial rule｜帝国统治",
   "imperial units｜英制单位"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "empire (n.)",
   "emperor (n.)",
   "imperialism (n.)",
   "imperialist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "imperial units指英制单位，与metric units相对。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "imperial"
 },
 {
  "w": "leafy",
  "uk": "/ˈliːfi/",
  "us": "/ˈliːfi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "枝叶繁茂的；绿树成荫的",
    "en": "Having many leaves or many trees with abundant leaves."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多叶的；叶用的",
    "en": "Having leaves as the main edible part of a vegetable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We ate our sandwiches beneath a large leafy tree.",
    "zh": "我们在一棵枝叶繁茂的大树下吃了三明治。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Leafy neighbourhoods can improve residents' wellbeing by providing shade, reducing heat, and encouraging outdoor activity.",
    "zh": "绿树成荫的社区能提供遮阴、降低气温并鼓励户外活动，从而改善居民的身心健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "leafy suburb｜绿树成荫的郊区",
   "leafy tree｜枝叶繁茂的树",
   "leafy vegetables｜叶菜类蔬菜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "leaf (n.)",
   "leafless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "leafless"
  ],
  "tip": "leafy streets指绿树成荫的街道，不是落叶满地。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "leafy"
 },
 {
  "w": "prosperity",
  "uk": "/prɒˈsperəti/",
  "us": "/prɑːˈsperəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "繁荣；富足",
    "en": "The state of being economically successful and financially secure."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The busy harbour brought prosperity to our town.",
    "zh": "繁忙的港口为我们的小镇带来了繁荣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in education can support long-term prosperity by giving workers the skills needed in a changing economy.",
    "zh": "教育投资能让劳动者掌握经济转型所需的技能，从而促进长期繁荣。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "economic prosperity｜经济繁荣",
   "shared prosperity｜共同繁荣",
   "long-term prosperity｜长期繁荣"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prosper (v.)",
   "prosperous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "affluence",
   "wealth"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "poverty"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；形容词用prosperous。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prosperity"
 },
 {
  "w": "metallic",
  "uk": "/məˈtælɪk/",
  "us": "/məˈtælɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "金属的；含金属的",
    "en": "Made of or containing metal."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有金属光泽、声音或味道的",
    "en": "Resembling metal in appearance, sound, or taste."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The metallic frame makes this chair surprisingly heavy.",
    "zh": "金属框架让这把椅子出乎意料地重。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Metallic components can often be recovered from discarded electronics, reducing the need to extract new raw materials.",
    "zh": "废弃电子产品中的金属部件通常可以回收，从而减少开采新原材料的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "metallic components｜金属部件",
   "a metallic taste｜金属味",
   "a metallic sound｜金属般的声音",
   "a metallic finish｜金属光泽饰面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "metal (n.)",
   "non-metallic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "non-metallic"
  ],
  "tip": "metallic既可指含金属，也可形容像金属的光泽或声音。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "metallic"
 },
 {
  "w": "lavish",
  "uk": "/ˈlævɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈlævɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "奢华的；丰盛的",
    "en": "Very generous, elaborate, or expensive"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "慷慨给予；大量倾注",
    "en": "To give something generously or in large quantities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They prepared a lavish feast for the whole family.",
    "zh": "他们为全家准备了一顿丰盛的大餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Critics argue that lavish spending on official ceremonies diverts public funds from essential services such as healthcare.",
    "zh": "批评者认为，在官方仪式上大肆花费会挤占医疗等基本服务的公共资金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a lavish lifestyle｜奢华的生活方式",
   "a lavish banquet｜丰盛的宴席",
   "lavish praise on someone｜大加赞扬某人",
   "lavish attention on someone｜给予某人大量关注"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lavishly (adv.)",
   "lavishness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "extravagant",
   "sumptuous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "restrained"
  ],
  "tip": "动词常用lavish sth on sb，表示大量给予。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lavish"
 },
 {
  "w": "versatile",
  "uk": "/ˈvɜːsətaɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈvɝːsətəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多才多艺的；多用途的",
    "en": "Able to do many things or serve many different purposes."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This versatile pan works well for soups and stir-fries.",
    "zh": "这个多用途锅做汤、炒菜都很好用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers increasingly value versatile graduates who can adapt to different roles and learn new skills.",
    "zh": "雇主越来越重视能适应不同岗位并学习新技能的多面手毕业生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a versatile performer｜多才多艺的表演者",
   "a versatile tool｜多用途工具",
   "highly versatile｜用途非常广泛的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "versatility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "adaptable",
   "multifunctional"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可形容人多才多艺，也可形容物用途广泛。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "versatile"
 },
 {
  "w": "awaken",
  "uk": "/əˈweɪkən/",
  "us": "/əˈweɪkən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "醒来；唤醒",
    "en": "To stop sleeping, or cause someone to stop sleeping."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "唤起；激发",
    "en": "To cause a feeling, interest, or awareness to develop."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Birdsong awakened me just as sunlight reached the curtains.",
    "zh": "阳光刚照到窗帘，鸟鸣声就把我唤醒了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visits to science museums can awaken children's curiosity and encourage them to explore unfamiliar subjects.",
    "zh": "参观科学博物馆可以激发孩子们的好奇心，鼓励他们探索陌生的学科。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "awaken from sleep｜从睡梦中醒来",
   "awaken curiosity｜激发好奇心",
   "awaken to the dangers｜意识到危险"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "awake (adj.)",
   "awakening (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wake",
   "rouse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "awaken是动词；表示“醒着的”用awake。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "awaken"
 },
 {
  "w": "paralysis",
  "uk": "/pəˈræləsɪs/",
  "us": "/pəˈræləsɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瘫痪；麻痹",
    "en": "loss of the ability to move part or all of the body"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "停滞；无法行动",
    "en": "a state in which action or progress becomes impossible"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The injury caused temporary paralysis in his left leg.",
    "zh": "这次受伤导致他的左腿暂时瘫痪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Political disagreements can lead to administrative paralysis, delaying essential decisions on housing and public transport.",
    "zh": "政治分歧可能导致行政停滞，延误有关住房和公共交通的重要决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "temporary paralysis｜暂时性瘫痪",
   "partial paralysis｜局部瘫痪",
   "political paralysis｜政治瘫痪",
   "sleep paralysis｜睡眠瘫痪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "paralyse (v.)",
   "paralysed (adj.)",
   "paralytic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指身体瘫痪，也可比喻机构或决策陷入停滞。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "paralysis"
 },
 {
  "w": "invigilate",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvɪdʒɪleɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvɪdʒɪleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "监考",
    "en": "to supervise people taking an examination"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teachers take turns to invigilate the final exams.",
    "zh": "老师们轮流为期末考试监考。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities must train staff to invigilate examinations fairly and respond appropriately to suspected cheating.",
    "zh": "大学必须培训工作人员，使其公平监考并妥善处理涉嫌作弊的情况。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "invigilate an exam｜为考试监考",
   "invigilate examinations｜监考"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "invigilator (n.)",
   "invigilation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "proctor"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要用于英式英语；美式英语常用 proctor。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "invigilate"
 },
 {
  "w": "exorbitant",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzɔːbɪtənt/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzɔːrbɪtənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "价格过高的；收费离谱的",
    "en": "Much higher in price or cost than is reasonable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hotel charged an exorbitant amount for breakfast.",
    "zh": "这家酒店的早餐收费高得离谱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Exorbitant rents in major cities can force essential workers to live far from their places of employment.",
    "zh": "大城市过高的租金可能迫使关键岗位的劳动者住在远离工作地点的地方。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exorbitant prices｜高得离谱的价格",
   "exorbitant fees｜过高的费用",
   "exorbitant rents｜过高的租金"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exorbitantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "excessive",
   "extortionate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reasonable"
  ],
  "tip": "比expensive语气更强，含不合理、过高之意。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exorbitant"
 },
 {
  "w": "abrupt",
  "uk": "/əˈbrʌpt/",
  "us": "/əˈbrʌpt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "突然的；意外的",
    "en": "Happening suddenly, often without warning."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "生硬的；唐突的",
    "en": "Speaking or behaving briefly in a way that seems rude."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bus came to an abrupt stop outside our house.",
    "zh": "公交车在我们家门外突然停了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Abrupt changes in government policy can create uncertainty for businesses and discourage long-term investment.",
    "zh": "政府政策的突然变化可能给企业带来不确定性，并抑制长期投资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an abrupt change｜突然的变化",
   "an abrupt end｜突然的结束",
   "an abrupt manner｜生硬的态度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "abruptly (adv.)",
   "abruptness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sudden",
   "unexpected"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "gradual"
  ],
  "tip": "形容变化指“突然的”；形容语气或态度指“生硬的”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "abrupt"
 },
 {
  "w": "spiral",
  "uk": "/ˈspaɪrəl/",
  "us": "/ˈspaɪrəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "螺旋形；螺旋线",
    "en": "A curve winding around a centre or axis."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "螺旋形的",
    "en": "Curving around a centre or axis."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "盘旋；急剧上升或恶化",
    "en": "To move in curves, or increase or worsen rapidly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The orange peel fell in a spiral onto the plate.",
    "zh": "橙子皮呈螺旋状落在盘子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without adequate housing policies, rental costs may spiral beyond the reach of many low-income families.",
    "zh": "如果缺乏适当的住房政策，租金可能急剧上涨，超出许多低收入家庭的承受范围。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spiral staircase｜螺旋楼梯",
   "downward spiral｜不断恶化的局面",
   "spiral out of control｜急剧恶化至失控",
   "spiralling costs｜急剧上涨的成本"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spirally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式过去式spiralled；美式spiraled，双写规则不同。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spiral"
 },
 {
  "w": "exempt",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzempt/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzempt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "获豁免的；被免除的",
    "en": "Not required to follow a rule or fulfil an obligation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "豁免；免除",
    "en": "To release someone from a rule, payment, or obligation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Children under five are exempt from the entrance fee.",
    "zh": "五岁以下儿童免门票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments could exempt small businesses from certain taxes to encourage investment and support local employment.",
    "zh": "政府可以免除小企业的某些税款，以鼓励投资并支持当地就业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exempt from tax｜免税的",
   "exempt someone from｜免除某人的……",
   "tax-exempt status｜免税资格"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exemption (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "excused"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "liable"
  ],
  "tip": "固定搭配：be exempt from；exempt sb from。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exempt"
 },
 {
  "w": "preside",
  "uk": "/prɪˈzaɪd/",
  "us": "/prɪˈzaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "主持；担任主席",
    "en": "To lead a formal meeting, ceremony, or other official event"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our club elected Nina to preside over the next meeting.",
    "zh": "我们俱乐部推选妮娜主持下一次会议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An independent expert should preside over the public hearing to ensure that all participants receive fair treatment.",
    "zh": "公开听证会应由独立专家主持，以确保所有参与者都得到公平对待。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "preside over a meeting｜主持会议",
   "preside at a ceremony｜主持典礼",
   "presiding judge｜审判长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "presiding (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "chair"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不直接接会议等宾语，通常用preside over。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "preside"
 },
 {
  "w": "diffuse",
  "uk": "/dɪˈfjuːz/",
  "us": "/dɪˈfjuːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "扩散；传播；使漫射",
    "en": "To spread widely, or make light scatter in many directions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "分散的；弥漫的",
    "en": "Spread over a wide area rather than concentrated."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冗长散漫的",
    "en": "Using too many words without a clear focus."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The scent of fresh bread diffused through the kitchen.",
    "zh": "新鲜面包的香味在厨房里弥漫开来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public libraries help diffuse knowledge throughout society by providing free access to reliable information and educational resources.",
    "zh": "公共图书馆通过免费提供可靠信息和教育资源，帮助知识在全社会传播。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "diffuse light｜使光线漫射",
   "diffuse knowledge｜传播知识",
   "diffuse through｜扩散到…之中"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "diffusion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "spread",
   "disperse"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "concentrate"
  ],
  "tip": "动词词尾读/z/，形容词读/s/；勿混defuse（化解）。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diffuse"
 },
 {
  "w": "bread-earner",
  "uk": "/ˈbred ˌɜːnə/",
  "us": "/ˈbred ˌɜːrnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "挣钱养家的人",
    "en": "Someone who earns money to support a family."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My mother was the main bread-earner in our family.",
    "zh": "我母亲曾是家里主要挣钱养家的人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable childcare can help a family's sole bread-earner remain employed while ensuring that children receive appropriate care.",
    "zh": "负担得起的托育服务能帮助家中唯一挣钱养家的人继续工作，同时确保孩子得到妥善照顾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "main bread-earner｜主要养家者",
   "sole bread-earner｜唯一养家者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "earn (v.)",
   "earner (n.)",
   "earnings (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "breadwinner"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较少见；日常及考试写作通常用breadwinner。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "较少见的表达，通常用breadwinner。",
  "id": "bread-earner"
 },
 {
  "w": "conscientious",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒnʃiˈenʃəs/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːnʃiˈenʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "认真负责的；尽责的",
    "en": "Careful to do duties thoroughly and correctly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our conscientious neighbour checks our plants every morning.",
    "zh": "我们认真负责的邻居每天早晨都会查看我们的植物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Conscientious employees contribute to workplace safety by following procedures carefully and reporting potential hazards promptly.",
    "zh": "尽责的员工通过认真遵守规程并及时报告潜在危险，为工作场所安全作出贡献。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a conscientious worker｜尽责的员工",
   "a conscientious student｜认真的学生",
   "conscientious about your work｜对工作认真负责"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conscientiously (adv.)",
   "conscientiousness (n.)",
   "conscience (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "diligent",
   "careful",
   "thorough"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "careless",
   "negligent"
  ],
  "tip": "conscientious是认真负责的；conscious是有意识的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conscientious"
 },
 {
  "w": "whitewash",
  "uk": "/ˈwaɪtwɒʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈwaɪtwɑːʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "粉饰；掩盖过失",
    "en": "To hide faults or wrongdoing so something appears acceptable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "粉饰；掩盖",
    "en": "An attempt to hide faults or wrongdoing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "石灰浆；白色涂料",
    "en": "A white liquid mixture used to coat walls."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They tried to whitewash the mistake instead of apologising.",
    "zh": "他们试图掩盖错误，而不是道歉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent investigations are essential to prevent organisations from attempting to whitewash serious failures in public safety.",
    "zh": "独立调查对于防止机构试图掩盖公共安全方面的严重失误至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "whitewash a scandal｜掩盖丑闻",
   "an official whitewash｜官方的粉饰",
   "a coat of whitewash｜一层石灰浆"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cover up"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "expose"
  ],
  "tip": "比喻义带贬义，指掩饰问题，不是解决问题。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "whitewash"
 },
 {
  "w": "vogue",
  "uk": "/vəʊɡ/",
  "us": "/voʊɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "流行；时尚",
    "en": "a style or practice popular at a particular time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Wide trousers are back in vogue this summer.",
    "zh": "今年夏天，阔腿裤又流行起来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The current vogue for repairing old furniture may help reduce household waste and encourage more sustainable consumption.",
    "zh": "当前修复旧家具的风潮可能有助于减少家庭垃圾，并鼓励更可持续的消费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in vogue｜流行的",
   "come into vogue｜开始流行",
   "the vogue for｜对……的热潮"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "voguish (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fashion",
   "trend"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用in vogue表示“流行”；不是普通的可数物品。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vogue"
 },
 {
  "w": "grit",
  "uk": "/ɡrɪt/",
  "us": "/ɡrɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "砂砾；细沙",
    "en": "very small pieces of stone or sand"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "毅力；勇气",
    "en": "determination to keep trying despite difficulties"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "在路面撒砂砾",
    "en": "to spread grit on roads to make them less slippery"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I shook the grit out of my walking boots.",
    "zh": "我把徒步靴里的砂砾抖了出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although talent matters, students often need grit and consistent support to overcome persistent learning difficulties.",
    "zh": "虽然天赋很重要，但学生往往需要毅力和持续支持才能克服长期的学习困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grit your teeth｜咬紧牙关",
   "grit the roads｜在道路上撒砂砾",
   "show grit｜表现出毅力",
   "grit and determination｜勇气与决心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gritty (adj.)",
   "grittiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "determination",
   "resolve"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "砂砾和毅力义均不可数；grit不是通常意义的“研磨”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grit"
 },
 {
  "w": "endeavour",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdevə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdevər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "努力；尝试",
    "en": "A serious effort to achieve something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "努力；力图",
    "en": "To try hard to achieve a goal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Growing vegetables together became our family's latest endeavour.",
    "zh": "一起种菜成了我们全家最近尝试的新事情。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should endeavour to make reliable public transport accessible to people in remote communities.",
    "zh": "政府应努力让偏远社区的居民也能使用可靠的公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "endeavour to do something｜努力做某事",
   "make every endeavour｜尽一切努力",
   "a joint endeavour｜共同的努力",
   "scientific endeavour｜科学探索"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "effort",
   "attempt",
   "strive"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写；美式为endeavor；动词后接to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "endeavour"
 },
 {
  "w": "insulation",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnsjʊˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "隔热；隔音；绝缘",
    "en": "protection that reduces the passage of heat, sound, or electricity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "隔热或绝缘材料",
    "en": "material used to limit heat, sound, or electricity passing through"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new roof insulation keeps our bedroom warm.",
    "zh": "新装的屋顶隔热层让我们的卧室保持温暖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving insulation in older homes can reduce energy consumption and lower heating costs during winter.",
    "zh": "改善老旧住宅的保温性能可以减少能源消耗，降低冬季取暖费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thermal insulation｜隔热",
   "sound insulation｜隔音",
   "electrical insulation｜电气绝缘",
   "insulation material｜隔热材料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "insulate (v.)",
   "insulated (adj.)",
   "insulator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；可指隔绝作用，也可指所用材料。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "insulation"
 },
 {
  "w": "clench",
  "uk": "/klentʃ/",
  "us": "/klentʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "握紧；咬紧",
    "en": "To close your hands or press your teeth together tightly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Arun clenched his fists as the cold wind blew.",
    "zh": "寒风吹来，阿伦握紧了双拳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People under prolonged stress may clench their teeth during sleep, potentially causing pain in the jaw.",
    "zh": "长期承受压力的人可能在睡眠中咬紧牙齿，从而引发下颌疼痛。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clench your fists｜握紧双拳",
   "clench your teeth｜咬紧牙齿",
   "clench your jaw｜绷紧下颌"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unclench"
  ],
  "tip": "clench指握紧或咬紧；clin​​ch才可指赢得、敲定。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clench"
 },
 {
  "w": "acquaint",
  "uk": "/əˈkweɪnt/",
  "us": "/əˈkweɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使了解；使熟悉",
    "en": "Give someone knowledge of or familiarity with something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please acquaint yourself with the kitchen before you start cooking.",
    "zh": "开始做饭前，请先熟悉一下厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should acquaint new students with available support services to help them adjust to campus life.",
    "zh": "大学应让新生了解可用的支持服务，帮助他们适应校园生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "acquaint yourself with｜使自己熟悉",
   "acquaint someone with｜使某人了解",
   "be acquainted with｜了解；认识"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "acquaintance (n.)",
   "acquainted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "familiarise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较正式，常用acquaint sb/oneself with sth。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "acquaint"
 },
 {
  "w": "weld",
  "uk": "/weld/",
  "us": "/weld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "焊接",
    "en": "To join metal parts by heating their edges until they fuse."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "焊接处；焊缝",
    "en": "The joint formed when metal parts are welded together."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Wearing a protective mask, she welded the metal frame.",
    "zh": "她戴着防护面罩，焊接了那个金属框架。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Workers who weld steel structures need proper training and protective equipment to reduce workplace injuries.",
    "zh": "焊接钢结构的工人需要接受适当培训并配备防护装备，以减少工伤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "weld metal｜焊接金属",
   "weld together｜焊在一起",
   "a strong weld｜牢固的焊缝"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "welder (n.)",
   "welding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fuse",
   "join"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "weld A to B表示把A焊接到B上。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "weld"
 },
 {
  "w": "serenity",
  "uk": "/səˈrenəti/",
  "us": "/səˈrenəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宁静；安详",
    "en": "a state of being calm, peaceful, and untroubled"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I love the serenity of the garden at dawn.",
    "zh": "我喜欢黎明时花园里的那份宁静。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to quiet green spaces can offer urban residents a sense of serenity amid daily pressures.",
    "zh": "安静的绿地能让城市居民在日常压力中感受到一份宁静。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sense of serenity｜宁静感",
   "inner serenity｜内心的平静",
   "an atmosphere of serenity｜宁静的氛围"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "serene (adj.)",
   "serenely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "calmness",
   "tranquillity",
   "peacefulness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "agitation"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数，既形容环境宁静，也指内心平静。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "serenity"
 },
 {
  "w": "colloquial",
  "uk": "/kəˈləʊkwiəl/",
  "us": "/kəˈloʊkwiəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "口语的；非正式的",
    "en": "used in informal conversation rather than formal writing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This podcast helps me learn colloquial expressions used by friends.",
    "zh": "这个播客帮助我学习朋友之间常用的口语表达。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although colloquial language suits personal blogs, academic essays generally require a more formal style.",
    "zh": "虽然口语化语言适合个人博客，但学术文章通常需要更正式的文风。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "colloquial language｜口语化语言",
   "colloquial expression｜口语表达",
   "colloquial speech｜非正式口语"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "colloquially (adv.)",
   "colloquialism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "informal",
   "conversational"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "formal"
  ],
  "tip": "指日常交谈中的非正式用语，不等于俚语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "colloquial"
 },
 {
  "w": "construe",
  "uk": "/kənˈstruː/",
  "us": "/kənˈstruː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "理解；解释",
    "en": "To understand a statement or action in a particular way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't construe my silence as a lack of interest.",
    "zh": "请不要把我的沉默理解为不感兴趣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A failure to consult local residents may be construed as disregard for their concerns about urban development.",
    "zh": "未征询当地居民的意见，可能被理解为漠视他们对城市发展的担忧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "construe something as｜将某事理解为",
   "be construed as criticism｜被理解为批评",
   "construe narrowly｜作狭义解释"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "misconstrue (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "interpret",
   "understand"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用construe A as B，表示“把A理解为B”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "construe"
 },
 {
  "w": "transcend",
  "uk": "/trænˈsend/",
  "us": "/trænˈsend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "超越；突破界限",
    "en": "To go beyond ordinary limits, differences, or expectations."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their friendship transcended the distance between their homes.",
    "zh": "他们的友谊超越了两地相隔的距离。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International cooperation on climate change must transcend national interests to protect the planet for future generations.",
    "zh": "应对气候变化的国际合作必须超越国家利益，为后代保护地球。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "transcend boundaries｜超越界限",
   "transcend cultural differences｜超越文化差异",
   "transcend national interests｜超越国家利益"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transcendence (n)",
   "transcendent (adj)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "go beyond"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接宾语，不加beyond。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transcend"
 },
 {
  "w": "pry",
  "uk": "/praɪ/",
  "us": "/praɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "窥探；打探隐私",
    "en": "To seek private information about someone in an intrusive way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "撬开；撬起",
    "en": "To force something open or loose using a tool."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't pry into my sister's private life.",
    "zh": "请不要打探我姐姐的私生活。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should respect personal boundaries rather than pry into matters unrelated to an employee's professional responsibilities.",
    "zh": "雇主应尊重个人界限，而不是打探与员工工作职责无关的事情。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pry into someone's affairs｜打探某人的私事",
   "pry open a lid｜撬开盖子",
   "prying eyes｜窥探的目光"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prying (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "snoop"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "窥探用pry into；表示撬开时英式常用prise。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pry"
 },
 {
  "w": "outset",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊtset/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊtset/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "开始；开端",
    "en": "The beginning of an activity, process, or period."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We agreed on a budget at the outset.",
    "zh": "我们一开始就商定了预算。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community members should be involved from the outset when local authorities plan major housing developments.",
    "zh": "地方政府规划大型住宅开发项目时，就应从一开始让社区成员参与。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at the outset｜在开始时",
   "from the outset｜从一开始",
   "at the outset of｜在……之初"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "beginning",
   "start"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "end"
  ],
  "tip": "常用于at/from the outset，不用于set outset。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outset"
 },
 {
  "w": "offhand",
  "uk": "/ˌɒfˈhænd/",
  "us": "/ˌɔːfˈhænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "未经查证地；不假思索地",
    "en": "Without checking information or preparing an answer first."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "漫不经心的；简慢的",
    "en": "Showing little care or interest, sometimes seeming rude."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I can't remember the address offhand, but I'll check.",
    "zh": "我一时记不起地址，不过我会查一下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An offhand response to a patient's concerns may undermine trust, even when the medical advice is accurate.",
    "zh": "对患者的担忧回应得漫不经心，即使医疗建议准确，也可能损害信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "know offhand｜不查就知道",
   "remember offhand｜一下子想起来",
   "an offhand remark｜随口说的话",
   "an offhand manner｜简慢的态度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "offhandedly (adv.)",
   "offhanded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "casual",
   "curt"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "副词常与否定句连用，表示不查资料就答不上来。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "offhand"
 },
 {
  "w": "potluck",
  "uk": "/ˌpɒtˈlʌk/",
  "us": "/ˌpɑːtˈlʌk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "各带一道菜的聚餐",
    "en": "A shared meal to which each guest brings food"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "碰巧得到的饭食或事物",
    "en": "Whatever food or other things happen to be available"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I brought a vegetable pie to our neighbourhood potluck.",
    "zh": "我带了一个蔬菜派去参加邻里聚餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community potluck dinners can strengthen social connections by encouraging residents to share food and cultural traditions.",
    "zh": "社区自带菜肴的聚餐鼓励居民分享食物和文化传统，有助于加强社会联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "potluck dinner｜各带菜肴的聚餐",
   "bring something to a potluck｜带些食物去聚餐",
   "take potluck｜有什么就吃什么；碰运气"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常指各带菜肴的聚餐，并非普通家常便饭。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "potluck"
 },
 {
  "w": "exemplify",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzemplɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzemplɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "是…的典型；例证",
    "en": "to be a clear example of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "举例说明",
    "en": "to explain something by giving examples"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her handmade bowls exemplify the beauty of simple design.",
    "zh": "她手工制作的碗体现了简约设计之美。"
   },
   {
    "en": "These community gardens exemplify how urban residents can improve local biodiversity while producing fresh food.",
    "zh": "这些社区花园展示了城市居民如何在种植新鲜食物的同时改善当地生物多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exemplify a trend｜是某种趋势的典型",
   "exemplify a principle｜例证某项原则",
   "exemplify the benefits of｜体现…的益处"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "example (n.)",
   "exemplification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "illustrate",
   "demonstrate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接名词；举例时也可用be exemplified by。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exemplify"
 },
 {
  "w": "paramount",
  "uk": "/ˈpærəmaʊnt/",
  "us": "/ˈpærəmaʊnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "首要的；至关重要的",
    "en": "more important than anything else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Safety is paramount when we take children swimming.",
    "zh": "我们带孩子游泳时，安全是头等大事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting patient privacy should be paramount when healthcare providers introduce digital systems for storing medical records.",
    "zh": "医疗服务提供者引入数字化病历存储系统时，应将保护患者隐私放在首位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "of paramount importance｜极为重要的",
   "paramount concern｜首要关注的问题",
   "paramount consideration｜首要考虑因素"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "supreme",
   "overriding"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用be paramount或of paramount importance。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "paramount"
 },
 {
  "w": "chamber",
  "uk": "/ˈtʃeɪmbə/",
  "us": "/ˈtʃeɪmbər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "会议厅；大房间",
    "en": "A room used for a particular, often official, purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体内的室；封闭腔室",
    "en": "An enclosed space inside a body, machine, or structure."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We waited outside the chamber while the council met.",
    "zh": "市议会开会时，我们在会议厅外等候。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The upper chamber of parliament reviews proposed laws before they can receive final approval.",
    "zh": "议会上院在法律草案获得最终批准前对其进行审议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "council chamber｜市议会会议厅",
   "heart chamber｜心腔",
   "chamber of commerce｜商会"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "chamber多指专用房间或封闭腔室，不是普通卧室。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chamber"
 },
 {
  "w": "cellular",
  "uk": "/ˈseljələ/",
  "us": "/ˈseljələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "细胞的",
    "en": "Relating to the cells of living organisms."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "蜂窝移动通信的",
    "en": "Using a mobile network divided into local coverage areas."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher showed us cellular structures through a microscope.",
    "zh": "老师让我们通过显微镜观察细胞结构。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Research into cellular damage may help scientists develop treatments for diseases associated with ageing.",
    "zh": "对细胞损伤的研究可能帮助科学家开发治疗衰老相关疾病的方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cellular structure｜细胞结构",
   "cellular respiration｜细胞呼吸",
   "cellular damage｜细胞损伤",
   "cellular network｜蜂窝移动通信网络"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cell (n.)",
   "unicellular (adj.)",
   "multicellular (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "生物学中指细胞的；通信中指蜂窝网络的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cellular"
 },
 {
  "w": "extravagant",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈstrævəɡənt/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈstrævəɡənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "奢侈的；挥霍的",
    "en": "Spending or costing much more money than necessary."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "过度的；夸张的",
    "en": "Going beyond what is reasonable or believable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Buying another silk coat seemed extravagant on her budget.",
    "zh": "以她的预算来说，再买一件丝绸外套显得太奢侈了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Extravagant spending on international events can divert public funds from essential healthcare and education services.",
    "zh": "在国际活动上过度花费可能挤占基本医疗和教育服务所需的公共资金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "extravagant spending｜挥霍性支出",
   "extravagant lifestyle｜奢侈的生活方式",
   "extravagant claims｜夸大的说法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "extravagance (n.)",
   "extravagantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lavish",
   "excessive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "frugal",
   "restrained"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指花钱无度，也可指言辞或要求过分。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "extravagant"
 },
 {
  "w": "hepatitis",
  "uk": "/ˌhepəˈtaɪtɪs/",
  "us": "/ˌhepəˈtaɪtɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肝炎",
    "en": "Inflammation of the liver, sometimes caused by a virus."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse explained how vaccination can prevent some hepatitis infections.",
    "zh": "护士解释了接种疫苗如何预防某些类型的肝炎感染。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health programmes can reduce hepatitis transmission through vaccination, screening, and improved access to safe medical care.",
    "zh": "公共卫生项目可通过疫苗接种、筛查及改善安全医疗服务的可及性，减少肝炎传播。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "viral hepatitis｜病毒性肝炎",
   "hepatitis B｜乙型肝炎",
   "hepatitis screening｜肝炎筛查"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hepatic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；并非所有肝炎都由病毒引起。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hepatitis"
 },
 {
  "w": "discreet",
  "uk": "/dɪˈskriːt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈskriːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "谨慎的；能保密的",
    "en": "Careful not to reveal secrets or cause embarrassment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "低调的；不显眼的",
    "en": "Designed or chosen to avoid attracting attention."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please be discreet about the surprise party we're planning.",
    "zh": "请不要泄露我们正在筹备惊喜派对的事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Healthcare professionals must be discreet when discussing patients to protect their privacy and maintain public trust.",
    "zh": "医护人员讨论患者情况时必须谨慎，以保护患者隐私并维护公众信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a discreet enquiry｜谨慎的询问",
   "a discreet manner｜谨慎的态度",
   "discreet about｜对……守口如瓶",
   "a discreet entrance｜不显眼的入口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "discreetly (adv.)",
   "discretion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tactful",
   "unobtrusive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "indiscreet"
  ],
  "tip": "勿混discrete（分离的）；discreet强调谨慎低调。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "discreet"
 },
 {
  "w": "microfilm",
  "uk": "/ˈmaɪkrəʊfɪlm/",
  "us": "/ˈmaɪkroʊfɪlm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缩微胶片",
    "en": "Film storing very small photographic copies of documents."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把…拍成缩微胶片",
    "en": "To photograph documents at a greatly reduced size on film."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The librarian showed me how to view the microfilm.",
    "zh": "图书管理员教我如何查看缩微胶片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before digital archives became common, libraries used microfilm to preserve newspapers while saving valuable storage space.",
    "zh": "在数字档案普及之前，图书馆使用缩微胶片保存报纸，同时节省宝贵的存储空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "on microfilm｜以缩微胶片形式",
   "a microfilm reader｜缩微胶片阅读器",
   "microfilm archives｜缩微胶片档案"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "microfilming (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示以缩微胶片形式保存，用on microfilm。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "microfilm"
 },
 {
  "w": "synthesis",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪnθəsɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪnθəsɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "综合；融合",
    "en": "The combination of different ideas or elements into a whole."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "化学合成",
    "en": "The production of a substance by combining simpler substances."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her room is a synthesis of old and modern styles.",
    "zh": "她的房间融合了古典与现代风格。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A synthesis of findings from several studies provides stronger evidence for the benefits of regular exercise.",
    "zh": "综合多项研究的结果，能为经常锻炼的益处提供更有力的证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a synthesis of ideas｜思想的综合",
   "chemical synthesis｜化学合成",
   "protein synthesis｜蛋白质合成"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "synthesise (v.)",
   "synthetic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为syntheses；常用a synthesis of。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "synthesis"
 },
 {
  "w": "sober",
  "uk": "/ˈsəʊbə/",
  "us": "/ˈsoʊbər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "清醒的；未醉的",
    "en": "Not drunk or affected by alcohol."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严肃冷静的；素淡的",
    "en": "Serious and sensible, or plain rather than bright."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使清醒；醒酒",
    "en": "To become or make someone less drunk or more serious."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle stayed sober and drove everyone home safely.",
    "zh": "我叔叔没有喝醉，开车把大家安全送回了家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A sober assessment of environmental risks is essential before governments approve major construction projects.",
    "zh": "政府批准大型建设项目之前，必须冷静评估环境风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stay sober｜保持清醒",
   "sober assessment｜冷静的评估",
   "sober colours｜素淡的颜色",
   "sober up｜醒酒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sobriety (n.)",
   "soberly (adv.)",
   "sobering (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "drunk"
  ],
  "tip": "sober up表示醒酒；sober也可形容冷静的判断。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sober"
 },
 {
  "w": "representation",
  "uk": "/ˌreprɪzenˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌreprɪzenˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "代表；代理",
    "en": "The act of speaking or acting on behalf of others."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "描绘；表现",
    "en": "A picture, description, or model showing someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our club now has representation on the town committee.",
    "zh": "我们俱乐部现在在镇委员会中有代表了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accurate representation of different communities in school textbooks can help students develop a more inclusive worldview.",
    "zh": "学校教材准确呈现不同群体的情况，有助于学生形成更加包容的世界观。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "legal representation｜法律代理",
   "political representation｜政治代表权",
   "accurate representation｜准确呈现",
   "visual representation｜视觉呈现"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "represent (v.)",
   "representative (n.)",
   "representative (adj.)",
   "representational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指替他人发声，也可指图像或文字对事物的呈现。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "representation"
 },
 {
  "w": "evict",
  "uk": "/ɪˈvɪkt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈvɪkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "依法驱逐租户等",
    "en": "To legally force someone to leave a property"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The landlord threatened to evict us over unpaid rent.",
    "zh": "房东威胁要因我们拖欠房租而将我们赶走。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stronger tenant protections could prevent landlords from evicting vulnerable families without adequate notice or legal justification.",
    "zh": "加强租户保护，可以防止房东在未充分提前通知或缺乏法律依据的情况下驱逐弱势家庭。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "evict a tenant｜驱逐租户",
   "evict someone from a property｜将某人逐出房产",
   "face eviction｜面临被驱逐"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eviction (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用evict somebody from；尤其指依法逐出租屋。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "evict"
 },
 {
  "w": "permanence",
  "uk": "/ˈpɜːmənəns/",
  "us": "/ˈpɝːmənəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "永久性；持久性",
    "en": "the quality of lasting indefinitely without significant change"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Planting a tree gave our new home a sense of permanence.",
    "zh": "种下一棵树，让我们的新家有了长久安定的感觉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The apparent permanence of digital records raises important questions about privacy and the right to be forgotten.",
    "zh": "数字记录看似永久留存，这引发了有关隐私和被遗忘权的重要问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sense of permanence｜长久稳定感",
   "apparent permanence｜表面上的永久性",
   "ensure permanence｜确保长久留存"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "permanent (adj.)",
   "permanently (adv.)",
   "impermanence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lastingness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "impermanence"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；形容词是permanent。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "permanence"
 },
 {
  "w": "preset",
  "uk": "/ˌpriːˈset/",
  "us": "/ˌpriːˈset/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "预先设定",
    "en": "To set a device or control before it is used."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "预设的",
    "en": "Set or fixed before use."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预设选项",
    "en": "A saved setting available for immediate use."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I preset the oven timer before preparing the vegetables.",
    "zh": "我在准备蔬菜前预先设好了烤箱的定时器。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Smart heating systems can be preset to reduce energy consumption during periods when buildings are unoccupied.",
    "zh": "智能供暖系统可以预先设定，在建筑物无人使用时降低能耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "preset the timer｜预设定时器",
   "preset temperature｜预设温度",
   "factory presets｜出厂预设"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "preconfigure"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为preset；现在分词为presetting。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "preset"
 },
 {
  "w": "protectionism",
  "uk": "/prəˈtekʃənɪzəm/",
  "us": "/prəˈtekʃənɪzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "贸易保护主义",
    "en": "Government policies restricting imports to protect domestic businesses from foreign competition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We discussed protectionism after imported shoes became more expensive.",
    "zh": "进口鞋涨价后，我们讨论了贸易保护主义。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although protectionism may support domestic industries temporarily, it can raise consumer prices and provoke disputes with trading partners.",
    "zh": "虽然贸易保护主义可能暂时扶持国内产业，但它也会推高消费价格，引发与贸易伙伴的争端。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "trade protectionism｜贸易保护主义",
   "rising protectionism｜日益抬头的保护主义",
   "resort to protectionism｜诉诸保护主义"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "protectionist (adj.)",
   "protection (n.)",
   "protect (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "free trade"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词，特指贸易政策，不是一般的保护。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "protectionism"
 },
 {
  "w": "obtainable",
  "uk": "/əbˈteɪnəbəl/",
  "us": "/əbˈteɪnəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可获得的",
    "en": "possible to get or acquire"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Replacement parts are easily obtainable from the local shop.",
    "zh": "替换零件在当地商店很容易买到。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable information about public health services should be readily obtainable by all members of society.",
    "zh": "社会所有成员都应能方便地获取有关公共卫生服务的可靠信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "readily obtainable｜容易获得的",
   "obtainable from｜可从……获得",
   "widely obtainable｜很多地方都能获得的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "obtain (v.)",
   "unobtainable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "available"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unobtainable",
   "unavailable"
  ],
  "tip": "obtainable强调能获取；来源常用from引出。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obtainable"
 },
 {
  "w": "psychiatry",
  "uk": "/saɪˈkaɪətri/",
  "us": "/saɪˈkaɪətri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "精神病学；精神科医疗",
    "en": "the medical study and treatment of mental illnesses"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister chose psychiatry after finishing her medical degree.",
    "zh": "我姐姐获得医学学位后选择了精神科专业。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Greater investment in psychiatry could improve access to specialist care for people with severe mental illnesses.",
    "zh": "增加对精神科医疗的投入，可以让重度精神疾病患者更容易获得专科治疗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a career in psychiatry｜精神科职业生涯",
   "child psychiatry｜儿童精神病学",
   "clinical psychiatry｜临床精神病学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "psychiatrist (n.)",
   "psychiatric (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "词首p不发音；精神科医生通常有医学资质。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "psychiatry"
 },
 {
  "w": "nomad",
  "uk": "/ˈnəʊmæd/",
  "us": "/ˈnoʊmæd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "游牧民；漂泊者",
    "en": "Someone who moves between places rather than living permanently somewhere"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nomad packed his tent before moving his goats uphill.",
    "zh": "这个游牧民收好帐篷，然后把山羊赶上山坡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For many nomads, access to seasonal grazing land is essential to maintaining their traditional way of life.",
    "zh": "对许多游牧民而言，能够使用季节性牧场是维持传统生活方式的关键。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "digital nomad｜数字游民",
   "desert nomad｜沙漠游牧民",
   "a nomad's life｜游牧生活"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nomadic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nomad通常作名词；形容词用nomadic。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nomad"
 },
 {
  "w": "practicable",
  "uk": "/ˈpræktɪkəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈpræktɪkəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可行的；可实施的",
    "en": "able to be done successfully in the circumstances"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Taking the bus is practicable now the road has reopened.",
    "zh": "道路重新开放后，坐公交车现在行得通了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities must assess whether expanding public transport is financially practicable before approving new infrastructure projects.",
    "zh": "地方政府在批准新基础设施项目之前，必须评估扩大公共交通在财务上是否可行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "practicable solution｜可行的解决办法",
   "reasonably practicable｜合理可行的",
   "as soon as practicable｜在可行情况下尽快"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "practicability (n.)",
   "impracticable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "feasible",
   "workable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "impracticable",
   "unworkable"
  ],
  "tip": "practicable强调可实施；practical还可指实用的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "practicable"
 },
 {
  "w": "degenerate",
  "uk": "/dɪˈdʒenəreɪt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈdʒenəreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "恶化；退化",
    "en": "Become worse in quality, condition, or behaviour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "道德败坏的；退化的",
    "en": "Having declined morally or lost normal structure or function."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their friendly discussion soon degenerated into a noisy argument.",
    "zh": "他们友好的讨论很快变成了一场吵闹的争执。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without regular maintenance, public facilities can degenerate rapidly, reducing residents' quality of life and increasing future repair costs.",
    "zh": "缺乏定期维护，公共设施可能迅速破败，降低居民的生活质量，并增加未来的维修成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "degenerate into｜恶化为；演变成",
   "degenerate rapidly｜迅速恶化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "degeneration (n.)",
   "degenerative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deteriorate",
   "decline"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "improve"
  ],
  "tip": "动词尾音/reɪt/，形容词尾音/rət/；常接into。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "degenerate"
 },
 {
  "w": "thereby",
  "uk": "/ˌðeəˈbaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˌðerˈbaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "从而；借此",
    "en": "as a result of the action just mentioned"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sealed the jar tightly, thereby keeping the biscuits fresh.",
    "zh": "她把罐子封得严严实实，从而让饼干保持新鲜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities can expand public transport networks, thereby reducing traffic congestion and improving air quality for residents.",
    "zh": "城市可以扩展公共交通网络，从而缓解交通拥堵并改善居民呼吸的空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thereby reducing costs｜从而降低成本",
   "thereby improving efficiency｜从而提高效率",
   "thereby enabling｜从而使……成为可能"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "thus",
   "consequently"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用逗号加thereby doing，说明前述行为的结果。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thereby"
 },
 {
  "w": "detriment",
  "uk": "/ˈdetrɪmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈdetrɪmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "损害；不利影响",
    "en": "Harm or damage caused to someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He works late, often to the detriment of his sleep.",
    "zh": "他工作到很晚，常常因此影响睡眠。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prioritising short-term profits to the detriment of environmental protection can create substantial costs for future generations.",
    "zh": "为了优先追求短期利润而损害环境保护，可能让后代付出巨大代价。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "to the detriment of｜有损于",
   "without detriment to｜不损害",
   "a detriment to health｜对健康的不利因素"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "detrimental (adj.)",
   "detrimentally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "harm",
   "damage"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "benefit"
  ],
  "tip": "最常见于to the detriment of，表示以损害……为代价。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "detriment"
 },
 {
  "w": "malpractice",
  "uk": "/ˌmælˈpræktɪs/",
  "us": "/ˌmælˈpræktɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "职业失当；渎职",
    "en": "careless, improper, or illegal professional conduct, especially in medicine"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The family consulted a lawyer about possible medical malpractice.",
    "zh": "这家人就可能存在的医疗失当咨询了律师。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent oversight can help prevent malpractice in healthcare and strengthen public confidence in medical institutions.",
    "zh": "独立监督有助于防止医疗行业的职业失当，并增强公众对医疗机构的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "medical malpractice｜医疗失当",
   "professional malpractice｜职业失当",
   "malpractice lawsuit｜医疗失当诉讼"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "professional misconduct",
   "negligence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "多指专业人员失职，尤用于医疗，并非普通错误。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "malpractice"
 },
 {
  "w": "volley",
  "uk": "/ˈvɒli/",
  "us": "/ˈvɑːli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "截击；凌空击球",
    "en": "a hit or kick before the ball touches the ground"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "截击；凌空击球",
    "en": "to hit or kick a ball before it touches the ground"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "齐射；接连迸发",
    "en": "a simultaneous firing of weapons or rapid series of remarks"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She won the tennis match with a sharp volley.",
    "zh": "她凭借一记凌厉的截击赢得了网球比赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning to volley effectively helps young tennis players develop coordination and respond quickly under pressure.",
    "zh": "学习有效截击有助于年轻网球运动员提升协调能力，并在压力下迅速反应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a backhand volley｜反手截击",
   "volley the ball｜凌空击球",
   "a volley of shots｜一阵齐射",
   "a volley of questions｜连珠炮般的提问"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "球类中指球落地前击球；a volley of可指一连串。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "volley"
 },
 {
  "w": "conclusive",
  "uk": "/kənˈkluːsɪv/",
  "us": "/kənˈkluːsɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "确凿的；决定性的",
    "en": "proving something clearly and leaving no reasonable doubt"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The camera footage provided conclusive proof of what happened.",
    "zh": "摄像机拍下的画面为事情的经过提供了确凿证据。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers need conclusive evidence before recommending major changes to national policies on childhood nutrition.",
    "zh": "研究人员在建议大幅调整国家儿童营养政策之前，需要获得确凿证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conclusive evidence｜确凿证据",
   "conclusive proof｜确凿的证明",
   "conclusive results｜确定无疑的结果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conclude (v.)",
   "conclusion (n.)",
   "conclusively (adv.)",
   "inconclusive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "decisive",
   "definitive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inconclusive"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰evidence或proof，不等于“最后的”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conclusive"
 },
 {
  "w": "inertia",
  "uk": "/ɪˈnɜːʃə/",
  "us": "/ɪˈnɝːʃə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "惰性；缺乏行动力",
    "en": "A tendency to remain inactive or resist change."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "惯性",
    "en": "Matter's tendency to resist changes in its speed or direction."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After weeks of inertia, I finally cleaned the garage.",
    "zh": "拖了几个星期后，我终于动手清理了车库。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Institutional inertia can prevent schools from adopting teaching methods that better meet students' needs.",
    "zh": "制度上的惰性可能使学校无法采用更符合学生需求的教学方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "institutional inertia｜制度惰性",
   "overcome inertia｜克服惰性",
   "the inertia of an object｜物体的惯性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inert (adj.)",
   "inertial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词：既指物理惯性，也指不愿改变的惰性。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inertia"
 },
 {
  "w": "confer",
  "uk": "/kənˈfɜː/",
  "us": "/kənˈfɜːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "商议；协商",
    "en": "Discuss something with others before making a decision."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "授予；赋予",
    "en": "Officially give someone an honour, right, or benefit."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The coaches conferred quietly before choosing the final team.",
    "zh": "教练们低声商议后才确定最终的队伍阵容。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities often confer honorary degrees on individuals who have made outstanding contributions to science or public service.",
    "zh": "大学常向在科学或公共服务领域作出杰出贡献的人士授予荣誉学位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "confer with colleagues｜与同事商议",
   "confer a degree on someone｜授予某人学位",
   "confer benefits on｜给……带来益处"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conference (n.)",
   "conferment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "consult",
   "bestow"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "商议用confer with；授予用confer sth on sb。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "confer"
 },
 {
  "w": "dwell",
  "uk": "/dwel/",
  "us": "/dwel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "居住；栖居",
    "en": "To live in a particular place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "反复思考；详述",
    "en": "To think or talk about something for a long time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Small creatures dwell beneath the stones in our garden.",
    "zh": "我们花园的石头下面住着一些小生物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rather than dwell on past failures, schools should help students develop practical strategies for future improvement.",
    "zh": "学校不应一味纠结过去的失败，而应帮助学生制定切实可行的改进策略。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dwell in｜居住在",
   "dwell on the past｜沉湎于过去",
   "dwell on a problem｜反复思考一个问题"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dweller (n.)",
   "dwelling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reside",
   "inhabit"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "居住义较正式；dwell on指反复想着或详述某事。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dwell"
 },
 {
  "w": "Marxist",
  "uk": "/ˈmɑːksɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːrksɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "马克思主义的",
    "en": "relating to Marx's theories about class, economics, and society"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "马克思主义者",
    "en": "a person who supports Marx's social and economic theories"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our reading group discussed Marxist ideas at the library.",
    "zh": "我们的读书小组在图书馆讨论了马克思主义思想。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A Marxist analysis of housing examines how property ownership and class relations influence access to affordable homes.",
    "zh": "对住房问题的马克思主义分析考察财产所有权和阶级关系如何影响人们获得可负担住房的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Marxist theory｜马克思主义理论",
   "Marxist analysis｜马克思主义分析",
   "a Marxist scholar｜马克思主义学者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Marxism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母始终大写；既可作形容词，也可作可数名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "marxist"
 },
 {
  "w": "hateful",
  "uk": "/ˈheɪtfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈheɪtfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "充满仇恨的；恶意的",
    "en": "expressing strong hatred or a wish to hurt others"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可恶的；令人厌恶的",
    "en": "extremely unpleasant and deserving strong dislike"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His hateful remarks upset everyone sitting around the table.",
    "zh": "他充满恶意的话让围坐在桌旁的每个人都很难受。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should address hateful behaviour early to ensure that all students feel safe and respected.",
    "zh": "学校应及早处理充满恶意的行为，确保所有学生都感到安全并受到尊重。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hateful remarks｜恶意言论",
   "hateful behaviour｜充满恶意的行为",
   "hateful speech｜仇恨言论"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hate (v.)",
   "hatred (n.)",
   "hatefully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "malicious",
   "odious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "loving"
  ],
  "tip": "可形容充满仇恨的言行，也可指令人厌恶的事物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hateful"
 },
 {
  "w": "ploy",
  "uk": "/plɔɪ/",
  "us": "/plɔɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计策；花招",
    "en": "A clever action intended to gain an advantage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Offering free snacks was a ploy to attract customers.",
    "zh": "提供免费零食是吸引顾客的一种策略。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Critics described the sudden price reduction as a marketing ploy rather than a genuine commitment to affordability.",
    "zh": "批评者认为，突然降价是一种营销手段，而非真正致力于让消费者买得起。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "marketing ploy｜营销花招",
   "a clever ploy｜巧妙的计策",
   "a tactical ploy｜战术手段"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "tactic",
   "stratagem"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常含耍花招之意，比普通的plan更有算计意味。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ploy"
 },
 {
  "w": "aerosol",
  "uk": "/ˈeərəsɒl/",
  "us": "/ˈerəsɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "气雾剂；喷雾罐",
    "en": "A pressurised container that releases liquid as a fine spray."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "气溶胶",
    "en": "Tiny solid particles or liquid droplets suspended in a gas."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She used an aerosol to spray the dusty leaves.",
    "zh": "她用喷雾罐喷洒那些落满灰尘的叶子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Atmospheric aerosols can influence the climate by scattering sunlight and altering the formation of clouds.",
    "zh": "大气中的气溶胶可通过散射阳光和改变云的形成来影响气候。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an aerosol can｜喷雾罐",
   "an aerosol spray｜气雾喷剂",
   "atmospheric aerosols｜大气气溶胶",
   "aerosol particles｜气溶胶颗粒"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "日常可指喷雾罐；科学语境指气体中的悬浮微粒。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aerosol"
 },
 {
  "w": "palatable",
  "uk": "/ˈpælətəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈpælətəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可口的；合口味的",
    "en": "pleasant enough to eat or drink"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可接受的",
    "en": "acceptable or satisfactory, even if not entirely welcome"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A little lemon juice made the soup more palatable.",
    "zh": "加了一点柠檬汁后，汤变得更合口味了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Gradual increases in public transport fares may be more palatable to passengers than sudden price rises.",
    "zh": "与突然涨价相比，逐步提高公共交通票价可能更容易让乘客接受。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "palatable food｜可口的食物",
   "make something palatable｜使某物可接受",
   "politically palatable｜政治上可接受的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "palatability (n.)",
   "unpalatable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "acceptable",
   "appetising"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unpalatable"
  ],
  "tip": "不一定指“美味极了”；也可形容方案可接受。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "palatable"
 },
 {
  "w": "frantic",
  "uk": "/ˈfræntɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈfræntɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "焦急万分的；慌乱的",
    "en": "Extremely worried or frightened and unable to stay calm"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "紧张忙乱的",
    "en": "Done very quickly with intense, often uncontrolled activity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I grew frantic when I couldn't find my passport.",
    "zh": "找不到护照时，我急得不知所措。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The frantic pace of urban life can increase stress and leave residents with little time for relaxation.",
    "zh": "城市生活的紧张节奏会增加压力，让居民几乎没有时间放松。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a frantic search｜焦急的搜寻",
   "frantic efforts｜紧张急切的努力",
   "a frantic pace｜紧张忙乱的节奏",
   "frantic with worry｜担心得心急如焚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "frantically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "panicked",
   "frenzied"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm"
  ],
  "tip": "强调焦急失控或忙乱，不等于精神失常。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "frantic"
 },
 {
  "w": "ware",
  "uk": "/weə/",
  "us": "/wer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "制品；器皿",
    "en": "Objects made from a particular material or for a particular use."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "待售商品",
    "en": "Goods offered for sale, usually called wares."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The potter displayed her glazed ware on wooden shelves.",
    "zh": "那位陶艺师把自己的上釉陶器摆在木架上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local markets allow craftspeople to sell their wares directly, supporting traditional skills and small businesses.",
    "zh": "当地市场让手艺人能够直接出售商品，从而支持传统技艺和小企业的发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ceramic ware｜陶瓷制品",
   "glazed ware｜上釉陶器",
   "sell one's wares｜出售自己的商品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "earthenware (n.)",
   "glassware (n.)",
   "tableware (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "goods",
   "merchandise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指待售商品通常用wares；ware常见于复合词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ware"
 },
 {
  "w": "rigorous",
  "uk": "/ˈrɪɡərəs/",
  "us": "/ˈrɪɡərəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严谨的；缜密的",
    "en": "extremely careful and thorough"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严格的；要求高的",
    "en": "demanding strict effort or obedience to rules"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic gave our car a rigorous safety check.",
    "zh": "修车师傅对我们的车进行了细致的安全检查。"
   },
   {
    "en": "New medical treatments require rigorous testing before they can be widely used in public healthcare.",
    "zh": "新的医疗方法必须经过严格测试，才能广泛用于公共医疗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rigorous testing｜严格测试",
   "rigorous analysis｜严谨分析",
   "rigorous training｜严格训练"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rigorously (adv.)",
   "rigour (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thorough",
   "strict",
   "exacting"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lax"
  ],
  "tip": "研究、测试用它强调严谨；训练、标准强调严格。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rigorous"
 },
 {
  "w": "unwarranted",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈwɒrəntɪd/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈwɔːrəntɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无正当理由的；无根据的",
    "en": "not justified by the facts or circumstances"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His unwarranted criticism upset everyone who had worked hard.",
    "zh": "他无端的批评让所有辛苦付出的人都很难过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unwarranted restrictions on public access to information can weaken trust in government and limit informed debate.",
    "zh": "对公众获取信息施加无正当理由的限制，会削弱对政府的信任并妨碍理性讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unwarranted criticism｜无端的批评",
   "unwarranted assumptions｜无根据的假设",
   "unwarranted interference｜无理干涉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "warrant (v.)",
   "warranted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unjustified",
   "groundless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "justified",
   "warranted"
  ],
  "tip": "强调缺乏依据或正当理由，不只是“不需要”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unwarranted"
 },
 {
  "w": "renowned",
  "uk": "/rɪˈnaʊnd/",
  "us": "/rɪˈnaʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "著名的；享有盛誉的",
    "en": "Widely known and admired for a particular quality or achievement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small bakery is renowned for its fresh bread.",
    "zh": "这家小面包店以新鲜面包闻名。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities renowned for scientific research often attract international students and encourage cooperation across national borders.",
    "zh": "以科学研究享有盛誉的大学往往吸引国际学生，并促进跨国合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "renowned for｜以……闻名",
   "internationally renowned｜享有国际声誉的",
   "a renowned expert｜知名专家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "renown (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "famous",
   "celebrated",
   "distinguished"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unknown",
   "obscure"
  ],
  "tip": "renowned for接成就或特色；renowned as接身份。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "renowned"
 },
 {
  "w": "condemn",
  "uk": "/kənˈdem/",
  "us": "/kənˈdem/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "谴责",
    "en": "To express strong disapproval of someone or something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "判处刑罚",
    "en": "To officially give someone a severe punishment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "宣告建筑不宜使用",
    "en": "To officially declare a building unsafe to use."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours condemned the dumping of rubbish beside the river.",
    "zh": "邻居们谴责了在河边倾倒垃圾的行为。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental organisations condemn illegal logging because it destroys wildlife habitats and threatens the livelihoods of local communities.",
    "zh": "环保组织谴责非法伐木，因为它破坏野生动物栖息地，并威胁当地社区的生计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strongly condemn｜强烈谴责",
   "condemn someone to prison｜判某人入狱",
   "condemn a building｜宣告建筑不宜使用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "condemnation (n.)",
   "condemned (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "denounce"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "praise",
   "approve"
  ],
  "tip": "词尾n不发音；别与表示“冷凝”的condense混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "condemn"
 },
 {
  "w": "shipowner",
  "uk": "/ˈʃɪpˌəʊnə/",
  "us": "/ˈʃɪpˌoʊnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "船主；船舶所有者",
    "en": "A person or company that owns ships."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shipowner paid for repairs before the next voyage.",
    "zh": "船主在下次航行前支付了维修费用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stricter environmental regulations require shipowners to invest in cleaner fuels and more efficient engines.",
    "zh": "更严格的环保法规要求船主投资使用更清洁的燃料和效率更高的发动机。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "private shipowner｜私人船主",
   "shipowner liability｜船主责任",
   "shipowners' association｜船东协会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ship (n.)",
   "ownership (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指拥有船的人或公司，不等于驾驶船的船长。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shipowner"
 },
 {
  "w": "hail",
  "uk": "/heɪl/",
  "us": "/heɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冰雹",
    "en": "small balls of ice that fall from clouds"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "下冰雹",
    "en": "to fall from the sky as small balls of ice"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "称赞为；招呼",
    "en": "to praise someone publicly or call to attract attention"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Hail rattled against the windows during the storm.",
    "zh": "暴风雨中，冰雹打在窗户上，发出噼啪声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists hailed the new irrigation system as a breakthrough that could help farmers conserve water during droughts.",
    "zh": "科学家称赞这套新灌溉系统是一项突破，能帮助农民在干旱期间节约用水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heavy hail｜猛烈的冰雹",
   "hail a taxi｜招手叫出租车",
   "be hailed as a breakthrough｜被誉为一项突破"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hailstone (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "下冰雹用it hails；hail A as B指称赞A为B。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hail"
 },
 {
  "w": "firearm",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪərɑːm/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪrɑːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "枪支；火器",
    "en": "A weapon that fires bullets using an explosive charge."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The antique firearm was displayed behind thick museum glass.",
    "zh": "那支古董枪陈列在博物馆的厚玻璃后面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strict firearm storage regulations can help prevent accidents and improve safety in homes and communities.",
    "zh": "严格的枪支存放规定有助于预防事故，提高家庭和社区的安全性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "firearm safety｜枪支安全",
   "firearm ownership｜枪支持有",
   "firearm regulations｜枪支管理规定"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "gun"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，常见复数firearms，语体较正式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "firearm"
 },
 {
  "w": "remuneration",
  "uk": "/rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "报酬；酬金",
    "en": "payment received for work or services"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The job offers flexible hours but modest remuneration.",
    "zh": "这份工作时间灵活，但报酬不高。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fair remuneration can help public hospitals attract qualified nurses and retain experienced staff over time.",
    "zh": "公平的薪酬有助于公立医院吸引合格护士，并长期留住经验丰富的员工。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fair remuneration｜公平的报酬",
   "remuneration package｜薪酬待遇",
   "remuneration for services｜服务报酬"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "remunerate (v.)",
   "remunerative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pay",
   "payment",
   "compensation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用语，通常不可数，指工作报酬而非损害赔偿。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "remuneration"
 },
 {
  "w": "zinc",
  "uk": "/zɪŋk/",
  "us": "/zɪŋk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "锌",
    "en": "A bluish-white metal also needed in small amounts for health."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These pumpkin seeds contain zinc and make a tasty snack.",
    "zh": "这些南瓜籽含有锌，吃起来也是美味的零食。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Zinc coatings protect steel from corrosion, extending the lifespan of structures exposed to rain and moisture.",
    "zh": "锌涂层能保护钢材免受腐蚀，延长暴露于雨水和潮气中的结构的使用寿命。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "zinc deficiency｜缺锌",
   "zinc supplements｜锌补充剂",
   "zinc coating｜锌涂层",
   "zinc oxide｜氧化锌"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "锌是化学元素，符号Zn；作物质名通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "zinc"
 },
 {
  "w": "attain",
  "uk": "/əˈteɪn/",
  "us": "/əˈteɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "达到；实现；获得",
    "en": "To reach a goal or level, usually through effort."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After months of practice, she attained her target swimming speed.",
    "zh": "经过几个月的练习，她达到了自己的目标游泳速度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students from disadvantaged backgrounds may need additional support to attain the qualifications required for university entry.",
    "zh": "来自弱势家庭的学生可能需要额外支持，才能获得大学入学所需的资格。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attain a goal｜实现目标",
   "attain a high standard｜达到高标准",
   "attain independence｜获得独立"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attainment (n.)",
   "attainable (adj.)",
   "unattainable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "achieve",
   "reach"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式及物动词，直接接目标或水平，不加to。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attain"
 },
 {
  "w": "dew",
  "uk": "/djuː/",
  "us": "/duː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "露水",
    "en": "Small water drops forming on cool surfaces, especially overnight"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Morning dew soaked my shoes as I crossed the lawn.",
    "zh": "我穿过草坪时，晨露浸湿了我的鞋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In some dry environments, plants collect dew on their leaves to supplement the limited water available in soil.",
    "zh": "在一些干燥环境中，植物利用叶片收集露水，以补充土壤中有限的水分。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "morning dew｜晨露",
   "heavy dew｜浓露",
   "covered in dew｜覆着露水"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dewy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "dew通常不可数；一滴露水用a drop of dew。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dew"
 },
 {
  "w": "suppress",
  "uk": "/səˈpres/",
  "us": "/səˈpres/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抑制；忍住",
    "en": "To prevent a feeling or physical reaction from being expressed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "镇压；压制",
    "en": "To stop an activity or opposition, often using force."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "隐瞒；禁止发表",
    "en": "To prevent information from becoming known or being published."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I tried to suppress a sneeze during the concert.",
    "zh": "音乐会期间，我努力忍住了一个喷嚏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Attempts to suppress scientific findings can undermine public trust and delay effective responses to environmental problems.",
    "zh": "试图隐瞒科学发现会损害公众信任，并延误对环境问题的有效应对。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "suppress a smile｜忍住笑",
   "suppress information｜隐瞒信息",
   "suppress opposition｜压制反对意见",
   "suppress appetite｜抑制食欲"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suppression (n.)",
   "suppressant (n.)",
   "suppressive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "restrain",
   "stifle"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "express",
   "reveal"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接情绪、反应、活动或信息。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suppress"
 },
 {
  "w": "dumping",
  "uk": "/ˈdʌmpɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈdʌmpɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "低价倾销",
    "en": "Selling goods abroad below normal value, often harming local producers"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "倾倒；乱扔废弃物",
    "en": "Leaving unwanted material somewhere, often illegally or carelessly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Local farmers say cheap imports are evidence of dumping.",
    "zh": "当地农民认为廉价进口商品是倾销的证据。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments may impose tariffs to counter dumping, although such measures can raise prices for domestic consumers.",
    "zh": "政府可能通过征收关税来应对倾销，不过这类措施可能推高国内消费者支付的价格。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "anti-dumping measures｜反倾销措施",
   "dumping allegations｜倾销指控",
   "illegal dumping｜非法倾倒",
   "waste dumping｜废物倾倒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dump (v.)",
   "dump (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "贸易中指低于正常价值的出口销售，并非所有降价促销。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dumping"
 },
 {
  "w": "ingenious",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdʒiːniəs/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdʒiːniəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "巧妙的；有独创性的",
    "en": "Using clever, original ideas to solve problems or make things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He built an ingenious watering system from old bottles.",
    "zh": "他用旧瓶子做了一套巧妙的浇水装置。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ingenious designs can help architects create comfortable homes on small plots without sacrificing natural light.",
    "zh": "巧妙的设计可以帮助建筑师在小块土地上建造舒适住宅，同时不牺牲自然采光。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an ingenious solution｜巧妙的解决办法",
   "an ingenious device｜精巧的装置",
   "an ingenious design｜巧妙的设计"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ingenuity (n.)",
   "ingeniously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inventive",
   "clever"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unimaginative"
  ],
  "tip": "勿混淆：ingenious是巧妙的，ingenuous是天真的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ingenious"
 },
 {
  "w": "pulp",
  "uk": "/pʌlp/",
  "us": "/pʌlp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "果肉",
    "en": "The soft, fleshy part inside a fruit."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纸浆",
    "en": "A wet mixture of fibres used to make paper."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "将…打成浆",
    "en": "To crush something into a soft, wet mass."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I prefer orange juice with plenty of pulp.",
    "zh": "我更喜欢含有丰富果肉的橙汁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recycling facilities turn used paper into pulp, reducing the demand for fresh wood fibres.",
    "zh": "回收设施将废纸制成纸浆，从而减少对新木纤维的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fruit pulp｜果肉",
   "wood pulp｜木浆",
   "paper pulp｜纸浆",
   "pulp and paper industry｜制浆造纸业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pulpy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示果肉或纸浆时，pulp通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pulp"
 },
 {
  "w": "liberate",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪbəreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪbəreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "解放；使自由",
    "en": "To free people or places from control or imprisonment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使摆脱束缚",
    "en": "To release someone from restrictions that limit their life."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rescued prisoners cheered when soldiers liberated the camp.",
    "zh": "士兵解放营地时，获救的囚犯欢呼起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accessible public transport can liberate older people from dependence on relatives and enable greater participation in community life.",
    "zh": "无障碍公共交通能让老年人摆脱对亲属的依赖，并更多地参与社区生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "liberate a country｜解放一个国家",
   "liberate someone from｜使某人摆脱",
   "liberating experience｜令人感到自由的经历"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "liberation (n.)",
   "liberator (n.)",
   "liberating (adj.)",
   "liberated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "free",
   "release"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "imprison",
   "enslave"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词；liberate A from B表示使A摆脱B。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "liberate"
 },
 {
  "w": "morale",
  "uk": "/məˈrɑːl/",
  "us": "/məˈræl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "士气；集体信心",
    "en": "the confidence and enthusiasm of a group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our coach's cheerful speech lifted morale before the match.",
    "zh": "教练充满活力的讲话鼓舞了大家赛前的士气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recognising employees' achievements can improve workplace morale and encourage greater cooperation across different departments.",
    "zh": "认可员工的成就可以提升工作士气，并促进不同部门之间的合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "boost morale｜鼓舞士气",
   "low morale｜士气低落",
   "staff morale｜员工士气"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "spirits"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；morale指士气，moral指道德的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "morale"
 },
 {
  "w": "schooling",
  "uk": "/ˈskuːlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈskuːlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学校教育",
    "en": "Education received at school."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandmother finished her schooling in a small village.",
    "zh": "我祖母在一个小村庄完成了学业。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing free schooling can reduce inequality by giving children from disadvantaged backgrounds better opportunities.",
    "zh": "提供免费学校教育能为弱势家庭的儿童创造更好的机会，从而减少不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "formal schooling｜正规学校教育",
   "compulsory schooling｜义务教育",
   "years of schooling｜受学校教育的年数",
   "complete one's schooling｜完成学业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "school (n.)",
   "school (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "school education"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "schooling通常不可数，侧重在校接受的教育。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "schooling"
 },
 {
  "w": "inaccessible",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnækˈsesəbl/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnækˈsesəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "难以到达的；无法进入的",
    "en": "difficult or impossible to reach or enter"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无法获得的；难理解的",
    "en": "difficult or impossible to obtain, use, or understand"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy snow made the mountain cabin inaccessible all weekend.",
    "zh": "大雪使那间山中小屋整个周末都无法到达。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public services remain inaccessible to many rural residents because reliable transport and internet connections are lacking.",
    "zh": "由于缺乏可靠的交通和网络连接，许多农村居民仍无法享用公共服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inaccessible to visitors｜游客无法进入的",
   "an inaccessible area｜难以到达的地区",
   "largely inaccessible｜基本无法获取的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accessible (adj.)",
   "accessibility (n.)",
   "inaccessibility (n.)",
   "access (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unreachable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "accessible"
  ],
  "tip": "常用 inaccessible to sb，表示某人无法接近或使用。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inaccessible"
 },
 {
  "w": "imminent",
  "uk": "/ˈɪmɪnənt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪmɪnənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "即将发生的；迫近的",
    "en": "Expected to happen very soon."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dark clouds made a heavy downpour seem imminent.",
    "zh": "乌云密布，眼看就要下大雨了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal communities need reliable warning systems when severe flooding is imminent, allowing residents enough time to evacuate.",
    "zh": "严重洪水即将来袭时，沿海社区需要可靠的预警系统，让居民有足够时间撤离。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "imminent danger｜迫在眉睫的危险",
   "an imminent threat｜迫近的威胁",
   "imminent collapse｜即将发生的倒塌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "imminence (n.)",
   "imminently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "impending",
   "forthcoming"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "distant"
  ],
  "tip": "强调即将发生，不等于urgent（需紧急处理）。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "imminent"
 },
 {
  "w": "payable",
  "uk": "/ˈpeɪəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈpeɪəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "应支付的；到期应付的",
    "en": "Required to be paid at a specified time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "应付给某人的",
    "en": "Intended to be paid to a particular person or organisation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The full rent is payable before you move in.",
    "zh": "入住前须付清租金。"
   },
   {
    "en": "University tuition fees are often payable in instalments, allowing students to spread their costs throughout the academic year.",
    "zh": "大学学费通常可以分期支付，让学生将费用分摊到整个学年。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "payable in advance｜须预付的",
   "payable on demand｜见索即付的",
   "payable to｜应付给……的",
   "payable in instalments｜可分期支付的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pay (v.)",
   "payment (n.)",
   "payer (n.)",
   "unpaid (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "due"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "payable to后接收款人；payable in后可接币种。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "payable"
 },
 {
  "w": "grove",
  "uk": "/ɡrəʊv/",
  "us": "/ɡroʊv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小树林；果树林",
    "en": "a small group of trees, often planted together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spread our picnic blanket in a shady grove.",
    "zh": "我们在一片绿荫浓密的小树林里铺开了野餐毯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional olive groves support rural livelihoods while providing valuable habitats for birds and other wildlife.",
    "zh": "传统橄榄园既维系农村居民的生计，也为鸟类和其他野生动物提供宝贵的栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "olive grove｜橄榄园",
   "orange grove｜橙园",
   "a grove of trees｜一片小树林"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "copse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "grove是一小片树木，常用于橄榄、柑橘等果树林。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grove"
 },
 {
  "w": "diligent",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪlɪdʒənt/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪlɪdʒənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "勤奋的；认真尽责的",
    "en": "Working carefully and consistently with strong effort"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our diligent neighbour checks her vegetable plants every morning.",
    "zh": "我们那位勤快的邻居每天早晨都会查看自己种的蔬菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Diligent research helps students develop stronger arguments and avoid relying on inaccurate information in academic essays.",
    "zh": "认真细致的研究有助于学生提出更有力的论点，避免在学术文章中依赖不准确的信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "diligent student｜勤奋的学生",
   "diligent research｜认真细致的研究",
   "diligent in one's work｜工作认真尽责"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "diligence (n.)",
   "diligently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hard-working",
   "industrious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lazy",
   "careless"
  ],
  "tip": "不仅指努力，也强调认真、细致和持续投入。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diligent"
 },
 {
  "w": "propagate",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒpəɡeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːpəɡeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "传播；宣传",
    "en": "To spread ideas, beliefs, or information among people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "繁殖；使增殖",
    "en": "To produce new plants or organisms from existing ones."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Unverified stories propagate quickly when people share them online.",
    "zh": "人们在网上转发时，未经核实的说法会迅速传播。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community nurseries can propagate native plants from cuttings, supporting habitat restoration without removing specimens from the wild.",
    "zh": "社区苗圃可以通过扦插繁殖本土植物，支持栖息地修复，而不必从野外移取植株。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "propagate ideas｜传播观念",
   "propagate misinformation｜传播错误信息",
   "propagate plants｜繁殖植物",
   "propagate from cuttings｜通过扦插繁殖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "propagation (n.)",
   "propagator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "spread",
   "disseminate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指传播观念，也可指繁殖植物；语体较正式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "propagate"
 },
 {
  "w": "quantitative",
  "uk": "/ˈkwɒntɪtətɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈkwɑːntəteɪtɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "定量的；数量的",
    "en": "relating to amounts that can be measured or counted"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our coach uses quantitative data to track our progress.",
    "zh": "我们的教练用定量数据跟踪我们的进步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Quantitative research allows policymakers to compare employment trends across regions using consistent statistical measures.",
    "zh": "定量研究使政策制定者能够使用统一的统计指标，比较不同地区的就业趋势。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "quantitative research｜定量研究",
   "quantitative analysis｜定量分析",
   "quantitative data｜定量数据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "quantity (n.)",
   "quantify (v.)",
   "quantification (n.)",
   "quantitatively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "qualitative"
  ],
  "tip": "quantitative 重数量测量；qualitative 重性质描述。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quantitative"
 },
 {
  "w": "wordy",
  "uk": "/ˈwɜːdi/",
  "us": "/ˈwɝːdi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冗长的；啰唆的",
    "en": "Using more words than are needed to express something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His wordy email made a simple request sound complicated.",
    "zh": "他那封啰唆的邮件把一个简单请求说得很复杂。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public information should be clear, as wordy explanations can prevent readers from understanding essential advice.",
    "zh": "公共信息应清晰明了，因为冗长的解释可能妨碍读者理解重要建议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wordy explanation｜冗长的解释",
   "wordy sentence｜啰唆的句子",
   "overly wordy｜过于冗长的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "word (n.)",
   "wordiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "verbose",
   "long-winded"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "concise",
   "succinct"
  ],
  "tip": "通常含贬义，指用词过多，而非词汇丰富。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wordy"
 },
 {
  "w": "fluff",
  "uk": "/flʌf/",
  "us": "/flʌf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "绒毛；毛絮",
    "en": "Small, soft, loose fibres from fabric or other materials."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抖松；使蓬松",
    "en": "To shake or move something to make it soft and full."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "空洞内容；无价值的东西",
    "en": "Content that is entertaining but lacks substance or importance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I brushed some fluff off my dark coat.",
    "zh": "我刷掉了深色外套上的一些毛絮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Educational programmes should offer reliable information rather than superficial fluff that contributes little to public understanding.",
    "zh": "教育节目应提供可靠信息，而不是对公众理解帮助甚微的空洞内容。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a ball of fluff｜一团毛絮",
   "fluff up a pillow｜把枕头拍蓬松",
   "pockets full of fluff｜满是毛絮的口袋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fluffy (adj.)",
   "fluffiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词通常不可数；fluff up 表示拍松或抖松。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fluff"
 },
 {
  "w": "stern",
  "uk": "/stɜːn/",
  "us": "/stɝːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严厉的；严格的",
    "en": "Serious and firm in demanding acceptable behaviour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "船尾",
    "en": "The back part of a boat or ship."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dad gave us a stern look across the table.",
    "zh": "爸爸隔着桌子严厉地看了我们一眼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should combine stern warnings about bullying with practical support for students who experience it.",
    "zh": "学校既应严正警告欺凌行为，也应为遭受欺凌的学生提供实际支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a stern warning｜严正警告",
   "a stern expression｜严厉的表情",
   "at the stern｜在船尾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sternly (adv.)",
   "sternness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "strict",
   "severe"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lenient"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词指态度严厉；作名词指船尾，与bow相对。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stern"
 },
 {
  "w": "reactor",
  "uk": "/riˈæktə/",
  "us": "/riˈæktər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "核反应堆",
    "en": "a device that controls nuclear reactions to produce energy"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "反应器",
    "en": "a container in which controlled chemical reactions take place"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our guide showed us a model of a nuclear reactor.",
    "zh": "导游向我们展示了一座核反应堆模型。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern reactor designs aim to improve safety while supplying reliable electricity with low carbon emissions.",
    "zh": "现代反应堆设计旨在提高安全性，同时以低碳排放提供可靠电力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nuclear reactor｜核反应堆",
   "reactor core｜反应堆堆芯",
   "chemical reactor｜化学反应器"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "react (v.)",
   "reaction (n.)",
   "reactive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "能源话题中常指核反应堆；化工中也指反应器。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reactor"
 },
 {
  "w": "massacre",
  "uk": "/ˈmæsəkə/",
  "us": "/ˈmæsəkər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大屠杀",
    "en": "The deliberate killing of many people, especially those unable to defend themselves."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "屠杀",
    "en": "To deliberately kill many people, especially those unable to defend themselves."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We visited a memorial to victims of the massacre.",
    "zh": "我们参观了一座纪念大屠杀遇难者的纪念碑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching about a historical massacre requires sensitivity, reliable evidence, and respect for victims and their communities.",
    "zh": "讲授历史上的大屠杀事件，需要谨慎体察、可靠证据，以及对遇难者及其群体的尊重。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a brutal massacre｜残酷的大屠杀",
   "massacre victims｜大屠杀遇难者",
   "commemorate a massacre｜纪念大屠杀事件"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "slaughter"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指大规模残杀，语气极重；勿用于一般伤亡事件。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "massacre"
 },
 {
  "w": "herald",
  "uk": "/ˈherəld/",
  "us": "/ˈherəld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "预示；宣告到来",
    "en": "To signal that something new or important is coming."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "先兆；传令官",
    "en": "A sign of something approaching, or an official messenger."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The first blossoms herald the arrival of spring.",
    "zh": "最初绽放的花朵预示着春天的到来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in affordable energy storage could herald a new era of reliable renewable electricity for remote communities.",
    "zh": "经济实惠的储能技术取得进步，可能预示着偏远社区迎来可靠使用可再生电力的新时代。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "herald a new era｜预示新时代的到来",
   "herald the arrival of｜预示……的到来",
   "be heralded as a breakthrough｜被誉为突破"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "signal",
   "announce"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不是副词；be heralded as意为“被誉为”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "herald"
 },
 {
  "w": "disciplinary",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪsəplɪnəri/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪsəpləneri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "纪律处分的",
    "en": "relating to punishment for breaking rules"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "学科的",
    "en": "relating to a particular field of academic study"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The coach took disciplinary action after repeated rule violations.",
    "zh": "在多次违规后，教练采取了纪律处分措施。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should ensure that disciplinary procedures are fair and give students an opportunity to explain their behaviour.",
    "zh": "学校应确保纪律处分程序公平，并给予学生解释自身行为的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disciplinary action｜纪律处分",
   "disciplinary hearing｜纪律听证会",
   "disciplinary procedures｜纪律处分程序",
   "disciplinary boundaries｜学科界限"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "discipline (n.)",
   "discipline (v.)",
   "disciplined (adj.)",
   "interdisciplinary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常见于disciplinary action，指纪律处分措施。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disciplinary"
 },
 {
  "w": "plantation",
  "uk": "/plɑːnˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/plænˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "种植园",
    "en": "A large farm growing crops such as tea, coffee, or cotton."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人工林",
    "en": "An area where trees are planted together, often for timber."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked past a tea plantation on the hillside.",
    "zh": "我们从山坡上的一片茶园旁走过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding palm oil plantations can threaten biodiversity when natural forests are cleared to make room for crops.",
    "zh": "为扩大油棕种植园而清除天然森林，可能威胁生物多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tea plantation｜茶叶种植园",
   "coffee plantation｜咖啡种植园",
   "plantation workers｜种植园工人",
   "forest plantation｜人工林"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plant (v.)",
   "planting (n.)",
   "planter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指大面积种植单类作物的农场，不是普通花园。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plantation"
 },
 {
  "w": "screech",
  "uk": "/skriːtʃ/",
  "us": "/skriːtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "尖叫；发出刺耳声",
    "en": "To make a loud, high, unpleasant sound"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尖叫声；刺耳声",
    "en": "A loud, high, unpleasant sound"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old gate screeched as I pushed it open.",
    "zh": "我推开那扇旧门时，它发出了刺耳的声音。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Trains that screech around tight bends can contribute significantly to noise pollution in nearby residential areas.",
    "zh": "列车驶过急弯时发出的刺耳噪声，会显著加剧附近住宅区的噪声污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "screech to a halt｜尖啸着停下",
   "a loud screech｜一声刺耳的尖叫",
   "screeching brakes｜尖啸的刹车"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "squeal",
   "shriek"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指人或动物尖叫，也可指刹车等发出刺耳声。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "screech"
 },
 {
  "w": "mimic",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪmɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪmɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "模仿；模拟",
    "en": "to copy someone's behaviour or reproduce something's features"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "善于模仿他人者",
    "en": "a person skilled at copying other people's voices or behaviour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our parrot mimics the sound of the doorbell perfectly.",
    "zh": "我们家的鹦鹉把门铃声模仿得惟妙惟肖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers increasingly mimic natural structures to develop lighter materials that require less energy to manufacture.",
    "zh": "工程师越来越多地模拟自然结构，以开发制造时耗能更低的轻质材料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mimic someone's voice｜模仿某人的声音",
   "mimic natural processes｜模拟自然过程",
   "a talented mimic｜有天赋的模仿者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mimicry (n.)",
   "mimetic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "imitate",
   "copy"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式mimicked，进行时mimicking，均加k。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mimic"
 },
 {
  "w": "elaborate",
  "uk": "/ɪˈlæbərət/",
  "us": "/ɪˈlæbərət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "精心制作的；复杂的",
    "en": "Containing many carefully arranged details or parts."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "详细说明；阐述",
    "en": "To explain something further by adding more details."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cake had elaborate flowers made entirely from icing.",
    "zh": "蛋糕上有完全用糖霜做成的精美花朵。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments sometimes develop elaborate plans for educational reform without consulting the teachers who will implement them.",
    "zh": "政府有时会制定复杂的教育改革方案，却不征询负责实施这些方案的教师的意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an elaborate design｜精细的设计",
   "an elaborate plan｜周密复杂的计划",
   "elaborate on a point｜详细阐述某一点"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "elaboration (n.)",
   "elaborately (adv.)",
   "elaborateness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "intricate",
   "detailed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "simple",
   "plain"
  ],
  "tip": "动词末尾读/eɪt/；elaborate on表示详细阐述。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elaborate"
 },
 {
  "w": "mechanics",
  "uk": "/məˈkænɪks/",
  "us": "/məˈkænɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "力学",
    "en": "The study of forces and how objects move"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "操作方法；技术细节",
    "en": "The practical details of how something works or is done"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We explored mechanics by building a small wooden catapult.",
    "zh": "我们通过制作一个小木制弹射器来探索力学。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Understanding the mechanics of online learning helps teachers design courses that students can navigate easily.",
    "zh": "了解在线学习的运作方式，有助于教师设计出便于学生使用的课程。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "classical mechanics｜经典力学",
   "fluid mechanics｜流体力学",
   "the mechanics of voting｜投票的具体操作流程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mechanical (adj.)",
   "mechanically (adv.)",
   "mechanism (n.)",
   "mechanic (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指力学时用单数谓语；指操作细节时用复数谓语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mechanics"
 },
 {
  "w": "tradesman",
  "uk": "/ˈtreɪdzmən/",
  "us": "/ˈtreɪdzmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男技工；男手艺人",
    "en": "A man skilled in practical work such as plumbing or carpentry."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男店主；男商人",
    "en": "A man who buys and sells goods, especially a shopkeeper."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A local tradesman repaired the broken window before lunch.",
    "zh": "一位当地技工在午饭前修好了破窗户。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employing a qualified tradesman for electrical repairs can reduce safety risks and prevent costly damage to property.",
    "zh": "聘请合格技工维修电路可以降低安全风险，并避免造成高昂的财产损失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a skilled tradesman｜熟练技工",
   "a qualified tradesman｜有资质的技工",
   "a local tradesman｜当地手艺人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trade (n.)",
   "tradesperson (n.)",
   "tradeswoman (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "craftsman"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为tradesmen；性别中性表达用tradesperson。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tradesman"
 },
 {
  "w": "heroic",
  "uk": "/hɪˈrəʊɪk/",
  "us": "/hɪˈroʊɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "英勇的；英雄般的",
    "en": "Showing great courage, especially when helping others"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极其艰巨的；奋力的",
    "en": "Involving extraordinary effort or determination"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The firefighter made a heroic rescue from the flooded house.",
    "zh": "那名消防员英勇地从被淹的房屋中救出了人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although heroic individuals deserve recognition, effective disaster management depends on well-trained teams and reliable infrastructure.",
    "zh": "虽然英勇的个人值得表彰，但有效的灾害管理依赖训练有素的团队和可靠的基础设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heroic act｜英勇行为",
   "heroic rescue｜英勇救援",
   "heroic effort｜极大的努力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hero (n.)",
   "heroism (n.)",
   "heroically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "brave",
   "courageous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cowardly"
  ],
  "tip": "heroic effort强调付出极大努力，不一定涉及危险。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "heroic"
 },
 {
  "w": "fiddle",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪdəl/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪdəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小提琴",
    "en": "a violin, especially when used for folk music"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "摆弄；拨弄",
    "en": "keep moving or touching something without a clear purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "篡改以作弊",
    "en": "dishonestly change information to gain an advantage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle plays the fiddle at family gatherings.",
    "zh": "我叔叔在家庭聚会上拉小提琴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional instruments such as the fiddle can help younger generations connect with their cultural heritage.",
    "zh": "小提琴等传统乐器可以帮助年轻一代与自身的文化传承建立联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "play the fiddle｜拉小提琴",
   "fiddle with a pen｜摆弄钢笔",
   "fiddle the accounts｜篡改账目"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fiddler (n.)",
   "fiddling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "violin"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指小提琴时较口语；fiddle with表示摆弄。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fiddle"
 },
 {
  "w": "utilise",
  "uk": "/ˈjuːtəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈjuːtəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "利用；使用",
    "en": "to use something effectively for a particular purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We utilise the spare room as a small office.",
    "zh": "我们把空房间用作小办公室。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cities can utilise empty buildings to provide affordable housing and reduce pressure on surrounding farmland.",
    "zh": "城市可以利用空置建筑提供经济适用的住房，并减轻周边农田的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "utilise resources｜利用资源",
   "fully utilise｜充分利用",
   "utilise technology｜利用技术"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "utilisation (n.)",
   "utilisable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "use",
   "employ"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写，也写作utilize；日常表达常用use。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "utilise"
 },
 {
  "w": "deplete",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpliːt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈpliːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "大量消耗；使枯竭",
    "en": "to greatly reduce the amount of something available"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Running several apps at once can deplete your battery.",
    "zh": "同时运行多个应用程序会大量消耗电池电量。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Intensive farming can deplete soil nutrients, making future food production more difficult and expensive.",
    "zh": "集约化农业可能大量消耗土壤养分，使未来的粮食生产更加困难、成本更高。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deplete resources｜消耗资源",
   "deplete energy reserves｜消耗能量储备",
   "deplete stocks｜消耗库存"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "depletion (n.)",
   "depleted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "exhaust",
   "drain"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "replenish"
  ],
  "tip": "强调存量大幅减少，不一定完全耗尽。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deplete"
 },
 {
  "w": "strategic",
  "uk": "/strəˈtiːdʒɪk/",
  "us": "/strəˈtiːdʒɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "战略性的；策略性的",
    "en": "relating to plans for achieving important long-term goals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "具有战略意义的",
    "en": "especially useful for gaining an advantage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We made a strategic decision to save before moving.",
    "zh": "我们从长远考虑，决定先攒钱再搬家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strategic investment in public transport can reduce congestion and support economic growth over the long term.",
    "zh": "对公共交通进行战略性投资，可以缓解拥堵并支持长期经济增长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strategic planning｜战略规划",
   "strategic decision｜战略决策",
   "strategic location｜战略要地",
   "strategic investment｜战略性投资"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "strategy (n.)",
   "strategically (adv.)",
   "strategist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "strategic重整体长远规划，tactical重具体战术。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strategic"
 },
 {
  "w": "repel",
  "uk": "/rɪˈpel/",
  "us": "/rɪˈpel/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "驱赶；击退",
    "en": "Force someone or something to move away."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "排斥；不吸收",
    "en": "Push something away or prevent it from being absorbed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使厌恶",
    "en": "Make someone feel strong dislike or disgust."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This spray helps repel mosquitoes when we eat outside.",
    "zh": "我们在户外吃饭时，这种喷雾有助于驱蚊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern outdoor clothing uses specially treated fabrics that repel water while allowing moisture to escape.",
    "zh": "现代户外服装采用经过特殊处理的面料，既能防水，又能排出湿气。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "repel insects｜驱虫",
   "repel an attack｜击退进攻",
   "repel water｜防水",
   "repel each other｜相互排斥"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "repellent (adj.)",
   "repulsion (n.)",
   "repulsive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "repulse",
   "drive away"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "attract"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式 repelled，动名词 repelling，双写l。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "repel"
 },
 {
  "w": "flare",
  "uk": "/fleə/",
  "us": "/fler/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "突然旺烧；骤然增强",
    "en": "To burn suddenly brighter or become suddenly stronger."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "闪光；信号弹",
    "en": "A sudden bright light or a device producing a warning light."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "向外展开",
    "en": "To become wider towards one end."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The flames flared as he added another dry branch.",
    "zh": "他又添了一根干树枝，火焰顿时旺了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tensions can flare when urban development projects fail to address the concerns of local residents.",
    "zh": "城市开发项目若未能回应当地居民的关切，紧张局势就可能骤然加剧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flare up｜突然爆发",
   "a distress flare｜求救信号弹",
   "flare out｜向外展开"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flared (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "flare up可指火势突然变旺，也指矛盾或病症发作。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flare"
 },
 {
  "w": "proprietor",
  "uk": "/prəˈpraɪətə/",
  "us": "/prəˈpraɪətər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "业主；经营者",
    "en": "The owner of a business, such as a shop or hotel."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery's proprietor greeted every customer with a smile.",
    "zh": "面包店老板微笑着迎接每位顾客。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An independent shop proprietor may struggle to compete with larger retailers that can negotiate lower wholesale prices.",
    "zh": "独立商店的业主可能难以与能谈到更低批发价的大型零售商竞争。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sole proprietor｜独资经营者",
   "shop proprietor｜店主",
   "hotel proprietor｜旅馆业主"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "proprietorship (n.)",
   "proprietary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "owner"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较正式，常指商店、旅馆等生意的所有者。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "proprietor"
 },
 {
  "w": "assimilate",
  "uk": "/əˈsɪməleɪt/",
  "us": "/əˈsɪməleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吸收并理解",
    "en": "To take in and fully understand new information or ideas."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "融入；使同化",
    "en": "To become, or make someone become, part of a cultural group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I need time to assimilate everything we learned today.",
    "zh": "我需要时间消化今天所学的所有内容。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students assimilate new information more effectively when teachers connect unfamiliar concepts with examples from everyday life.",
    "zh": "教师将陌生概念与日常生活中的例子联系起来时，学生能更有效地吸收新知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "assimilate information｜吸收信息",
   "assimilate new ideas｜理解新思想",
   "assimilate into society｜融入社会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assimilation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "absorb"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "知识可直接作宾语；融入群体常用into。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assimilate"
 },
 {
  "w": "malnutrition",
  "uk": "/ˌmælnjuːˈtrɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌmælnuːˈtrɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "营养不良",
    "en": "poor health caused by insufficient or unbalanced nutrients"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rescued kitten needed special food to treat malnutrition.",
    "zh": "这只获救的小猫需要特殊食物来治疗营养不良。"
   },
   {
    "en": "School meal programmes can reduce childhood malnutrition by providing balanced diets to children from low-income households.",
    "zh": "学校供餐计划可以为低收入家庭的儿童提供均衡饮食，从而减少儿童营养不良。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "suffer from malnutrition｜患营养不良",
   "severe malnutrition｜严重营养不良",
   "prevent malnutrition｜预防营养不良"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "malnourished (adj.)",
   "nutrition (n.)",
   "nutritional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；不仅指吃得少，也包括营养摄入失衡。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "malnutrition"
 },
 {
  "w": "infirmary",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈfɜːməri/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈfɝːməri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "医务室；医院",
    "en": "A hospital or room providing medical care within an institution."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The school nurse treated my ankle in the infirmary.",
    "zh": "校医在医务室处理了我脚踝的伤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-equipped school infirmary allows minor injuries to be treated promptly without disrupting students' education.",
    "zh": "设备完善的学校医务室能及时处理轻伤，避免耽误学生的学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "school infirmary｜学校医务室",
   "infirmary bed｜医务室病床"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "infirm (adj.)",
   "infirmity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指机构内的医务室；英国部分医院也用此名。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "infirmary"
 },
 {
  "w": "kindle",
  "uk": "/ˈkɪndl/",
  "us": "/ˈkɪndl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "点燃；开始燃烧",
    "en": "To start a fire or begin to burn."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "激起；唤起",
    "en": "To cause a feeling or interest to develop."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We used dry twigs to kindle a small fire.",
    "zh": "我们用干树枝生起了一小堆火。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visits to science museums can kindle children's curiosity and encourage them to explore unfamiliar scientific ideas.",
    "zh": "参观科学博物馆可以激发儿童的好奇心，鼓励他们探索陌生的科学概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "kindle a fire｜生火",
   "kindle interest｜激发兴趣",
   "kindle hope｜燃起希望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "kindling (n.)",
   "rekindle (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ignite",
   "arouse"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "extinguish"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式或文学化；既能点火，也能激起兴趣。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kindle"
 },
 {
  "w": "regretfully",
  "uk": "/rɪˈɡretfəli/",
  "us": "/rɪˈɡretfəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "遗憾地；惋惜地",
    "en": "In a way that expresses sadness or disappointment about something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I regretfully declined the invitation because I was working.",
    "zh": "因为要工作，我遗憾地谢绝了邀请。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The council regretfully announced that budget constraints would delay the construction of a new community centre.",
    "zh": "市政委员会遗憾地宣布，预算限制将导致新社区中心推迟建设。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "regretfully decline｜遗憾地谢绝",
   "regretfully admit｜遗憾地承认",
   "regretfully announce｜遗憾地宣布"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "regret (v.)",
   "regretful (adj.)",
   "regrettable (adj.)",
   "regrettably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ruefully"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "regretfully强调人的遗憾；regrettably评价事情可惜。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "regretfully"
 },
 {
  "w": "tranquility",
  "uk": "/træŋˈkwɪləti/",
  "us": "/træŋˈkwɪləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宁静；平和",
    "en": "a peaceful state without noise, worry, or disturbance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We enjoyed the tranquility of the garden at dawn.",
    "zh": "我们享受着黎明时花园里的宁静。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban parks offer residents a sense of tranquility that can help reduce everyday stress.",
    "zh": "城市公园为居民带来宁静感，有助于缓解日常压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sense of tranquility｜宁静感",
   "peace and tranquility｜安宁与平静",
   "enjoy the tranquility｜享受宁静"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tranquil (adj.)",
   "tranquilly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "calm",
   "peace",
   "serenity"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "turmoil"
  ],
  "tip": "美式常拼tranquility，英式常拼tranquillity。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tranquility"
 },
 {
  "w": "sterling",
  "uk": "/ˈstɜːlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈstɝːlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "英镑；英国货币",
    "en": "the currency of the United Kingdom"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "优秀可靠的；杰出的",
    "en": "excellent in quality and deserving admiration"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "标准纯度银制的",
    "en": "made of silver containing at least 92.5 percent pure silver"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We exchanged our remaining foreign currency for sterling yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们把剩余的外币兑换成了英镑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A fall in sterling may attract international tourists by making accommodation and local services more affordable.",
    "zh": "英镑贬值可能使住宿和当地服务更实惠，从而吸引国际游客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pounds sterling｜英镑",
   "sterling silver｜标准纯银",
   "sterling work｜出色的工作",
   "sterling qualities｜优秀品质"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sterling silver通常含银92.5%，并非百分之百纯银。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sterling"
 },
 {
  "w": "operational",
  "uk": "/ˌɒpəˈreɪʃənəl/",
  "us": "/ˌɑːpəˈreɪʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可运转的；可使用的",
    "en": "ready and able to work or be used"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "运营的；运作的",
    "en": "relating to how an organization or system runs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lift is operational again after yesterday's repairs.",
    "zh": "经过昨天的维修，电梯又能正常使用了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although renewable energy projects require substantial investment, their operational costs can remain relatively low.",
    "zh": "尽管可再生能源项目需要大量投资，其运营成本仍可保持在相对较低的水平。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fully operational｜全面投入运作的",
   "become operational｜开始投入使用",
   "operational costs｜运营成本",
   "operational efficiency｜运营效率"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "operate (v.)",
   "operation (n.)",
   "operator (n.)",
   "operationally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "functioning"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指设备已能使用，也可指机构的日常运营。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "operational"
 },
 {
  "w": "allocate",
  "uk": "/ˈæləkeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈæləkeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分配；拨出",
    "en": "To assign resources to particular people, activities, or purposes."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We allocated one cupboard to all our baking equipment.",
    "zh": "我们专门腾出了一个橱柜来放所有烘焙用具。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should allocate more funding to public transport in areas with limited access to essential services.",
    "zh": "地方政府应向基本服务不易获取的地区投入更多公共交通资金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "allocate resources｜分配资源",
   "allocate funds to｜向…拨款",
   "allocate time for｜为…安排时间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "allocation (n.)",
   "reallocate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assign",
   "allot"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "allocate sth to sb/sth表示将某物分配给某人或某项用途。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "allocate"
 },
 {
  "w": "rave",
  "uk": "/reɪv/",
  "us": "/reɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "极力赞扬",
    "en": "to speak with great enthusiasm about something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "愤怒叫嚷；胡言乱语",
    "en": "to speak wildly or angrily in an uncontrolled way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电子舞曲狂欢派对",
    "en": "a large party where people dance to electronic music"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My friends keep raving about that little noodle shop.",
    "zh": "我的朋友们一直对那家小面馆赞不绝口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although critics raved about the exhibition, some visitors questioned whether its high admission price was justified.",
    "zh": "尽管评论家对这场展览赞不绝口，一些参观者仍质疑其高昂门票是否合理。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rave about｜对……赞不绝口",
   "rave reviews｜热烈的好评",
   "rant and rave｜怒气冲冲地叫嚷"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rave about 多指赞不绝口，不是对某事咆哮。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rave"
 },
 {
  "w": "plagiarize",
  "uk": "/ˈpleɪdʒəraɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈpleɪdʒəraɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抄袭；剽窃",
    "en": "present another person's words or ideas as your own"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher explained why we must never plagiarize essays.",
    "zh": "老师解释了为什么我们绝不能抄袭文章。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who plagiarize online material risk disciplinary action and miss opportunities to develop independent thinking.",
    "zh": "抄袭网络资料的学生不仅可能受到纪律处分，也错失了培养独立思考能力的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plagiarize an essay｜抄袭文章",
   "plagiarize someone's work｜剽窃某人的作品",
   "plagiarize from a source｜从某一来源抄袭"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plagiarism (n.)",
   "plagiarist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也拼plagiarise；引用他人内容须注明来源。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plagiarize"
 },
 {
  "w": "victorious",
  "uk": "/vɪkˈtɔːriəs/",
  "us": "/vɪkˈtɔːriəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "获胜的；胜利的",
    "en": "Having won a competition, battle, or struggle."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The victorious team lifted the trophy above their heads.",
    "zh": "获胜的队伍将奖杯高举过头顶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Athletes who emerge victorious in international competitions often inspire younger generations to participate in sport.",
    "zh": "在国际赛事中获胜的运动员往往会激励年轻一代参与体育运动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a victorious team｜获胜的队伍",
   "emerge victorious｜最终获胜",
   "a victorious campaign｜成功的竞选或战役"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "victory (n.)",
   "victor (n.)",
   "victoriously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "triumphant"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "defeated"
  ],
  "tip": "victorious是形容词；victory是表示胜利的名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "victorious"
 },
 {
  "w": "originate",
  "uk": "/əˈrɪdʒɪneɪt/",
  "us": "/əˈrɪdʒəneɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "起源；源自",
    "en": "to begin or come from a particular place or situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "创立；首创",
    "en": "to create or introduce something new"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This recipe originated in a small coastal village.",
    "zh": "这道菜的做法起源于一个沿海小村庄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many environmental problems originate from patterns of consumption rather than a lack of available technology.",
    "zh": "许多环境问题源于消费模式，而非缺乏可用技术。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "originate in｜起源于",
   "originate from｜源自",
   "originate with｜由……首创"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "origin (n.)",
   "original (adj.)",
   "originally (adv.)",
   "originator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示起源常接in或from；不要误当作航行出发。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "originate"
 },
 {
  "w": "tract",
  "uk": "/trækt/",
  "us": "/trækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大片土地；地带",
    "en": "a large area of land"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "道；束等身体结构",
    "en": "a connected system of organs or tissues with a shared function"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宣教或政论小册子",
    "en": "a short publication expressing religious or political ideas"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They bought a small cottage beside a vast tract of woodland.",
    "zh": "他们在一大片林地旁买了一栋小屋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Large tracts of forest must be protected to preserve biodiversity and regulate the global climate.",
    "zh": "必须保护大片森林，以维护生物多样性并调节全球气候。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tract of land｜一大片土地",
   "vast tracts of forest｜大片森林",
   "the digestive tract｜消化道",
   "the respiratory tract｜呼吸道"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "土地义常用a tract of；勿与track“轨道”混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tract"
 },
 {
  "w": "noted",
  "uk": "/ˈnəʊtɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈnoʊtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "著名的；知名的",
    "en": "well known and admired for a particular quality or achievement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A noted pianist performed at our local theatre yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天，一位著名钢琴家在我们当地的剧院演出。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The region is noted for its traditional crafts, which attract visitors and support the local economy.",
    "zh": "该地区以传统手工艺闻名，这些工艺吸引游客并支持当地经济发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be noted for｜以……闻名",
   "a noted scholar｜著名学者",
   "a noted expert｜知名专家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "note (v.)",
   "notable (adj.)",
   "notably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "renowned",
   "famous",
   "distinguished"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unknown"
  ],
  "tip": "be noted for后接闻名的原因或特色。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "noted"
 },
 {
  "w": "contradiction",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːntrəˈdɪkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "矛盾；不一致",
    "en": "A difference between statements or facts that cannot both be true"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "反驳；否认",
    "en": "The act of saying that a statement is wrong"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I noticed a contradiction between his two explanations.",
    "zh": "我注意到他的两次解释互相矛盾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "There is a clear contradiction between promoting sustainable transport and reducing investment in local bus services.",
    "zh": "提倡可持续交通与减少对当地公交服务的投资之间存在明显矛盾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a contradiction between｜……之间的矛盾",
   "in contradiction to｜与……相矛盾",
   "a contradiction in terms｜用语上的自相矛盾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contradict (v.)",
   "contradictory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inconsistency"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "consistency"
  ],
  "tip": "常用a contradiction between A and B。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contradiction"
 },
 {
  "w": "prototype",
  "uk": "/ˈprəʊtətaɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈproʊtətaɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "原型；样机",
    "en": "An early model used to test and develop a product."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "制作原型",
    "en": "To create an early model for testing and improvement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The designer showed us a prototype of her folding chair.",
    "zh": "设计师向我们展示了她设计的折叠椅样品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Testing a prototype allows engineers to identify design weaknesses before a product enters mass production.",
    "zh": "测试原型让工程师能在产品投入大规模生产前发现设计缺陷。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "build a prototype｜制作原型",
   "test a prototype｜测试原型",
   "a working prototype｜可运行的原型"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prototyping (n.)",
   "prototypical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指用于测试改进的早期模型，并非最终产品。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prototype"
 },
 {
  "w": "sinful",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪnfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪnfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有罪的；违背宗教戒律的",
    "en": "Morally wrong, especially according to religious beliefs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather believed that lying was a sinful act.",
    "zh": "我的祖父认为撒谎是一种有罪的行为。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ideas about sinful behaviour vary across religious traditions and may influence attitudes towards personal responsibility.",
    "zh": "不同宗教传统对罪恶行为的看法各异，并可能影响人们对个人责任的态度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sinful behaviour｜罪恶的行为",
   "sinful act｜违背宗教戒律的行为",
   "sinful thoughts｜罪恶的念头"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sin (n.)",
   "sin (v.)",
   "sinner (n.)",
   "sinfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "immoral",
   "wicked"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "virtuous"
  ],
  "tip": "常带宗教意味；一般的“违法”用illegal。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sinful"
 },
 {
  "w": "granular",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrænjələ/",
  "us": "/ˈɡrænjələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "颗粒状的",
    "en": "consisting of small grains or particles"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "细致的；详细的",
    "en": "including many small, specific details"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The granular sugar crunched softly between my teeth.",
    "zh": "砂糖颗粒在我齿间轻轻咯吱作响。"
   },
   {
    "en": "More granular data would help researchers identify differences in educational outcomes between individual neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "更详细的数据将有助于研究人员识别各社区之间教育成果的差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "granular material｜颗粒状材料",
   "granular data｜细粒度数据",
   "granular detail｜细致的细节"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "granule (n.)",
   "granularity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指颗粒状，也指数据或分析细致到小单位。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "granular"
 },
 {
  "w": "distil",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstɪl/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "蒸馏；用蒸馏法提取",
    "en": "Purify a liquid by heating it and cooling its vapour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提炼；概括精华",
    "en": "Extract the most important ideas from something complex."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small device distils seawater into clean drinking water.",
    "zh": "这个小装置将海水蒸馏成干净的饮用水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must distil complex findings into clear recommendations that policymakers can readily understand and apply.",
    "zh": "研究人员必须将复杂的研究结果提炼成清晰的建议，便于政策制定者理解和应用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "distil water｜蒸馏水",
   "distil information｜提炼信息",
   "distil something into｜将某物提炼为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "distillation (n.)",
   "distilled (adj.)",
   "distiller (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式distil，美式distill；过去式均为distilled。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "distil"
 },
 {
  "w": "sturdy",
  "uk": "/ˈstɜːdi/",
  "us": "/ˈstɝːdi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "结实的；强健的",
    "en": "Strongly built and not easily damaged or weakened."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These sturdy boots keep my feet dry on muddy walks.",
    "zh": "穿着这双结实的靴子走泥路，我的双脚也能保持干爽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools in earthquake-prone regions need sturdy buildings that can protect students during periods of intense shaking.",
    "zh": "地震多发地区的学校需要坚固的建筑，以便在剧烈震动时保护学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sturdy shoes｜结实的鞋",
   "sturdy construction｜坚固的结构",
   "a sturdy frame｜结实的框架"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sturdily (adv.)",
   "sturdiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "strong",
   "robust",
   "solid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "flimsy",
   "fragile"
  ],
  "tip": "常形容鞋、家具、建筑结实，也可形容人强健。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sturdy"
 },
 {
  "w": "discretion",
  "uk": "/dɪˈskreʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˈskreʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谨慎；审慎",
    "en": "care in speaking or acting to avoid embarrassment or harm"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自行决定权",
    "en": "the freedom to decide what should be done"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please use discretion when discussing her private life.",
    "zh": "谈论她的私生活时，请注意分寸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers need some discretion to adapt classroom activities to the needs of individual learners.",
    "zh": "教师需要一定的自主决定权，以根据每位学习者的需求调整课堂活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exercise discretion｜谨慎行事；行使酌处权",
   "at your discretion｜由你酌情决定",
   "professional discretion｜专业判断权"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "discreet (adj.)",
   "discreetly (adv.)",
   "discretionary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "prudence",
   "tact"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "indiscretion"
  ],
  "tip": "at someone's discretion表示“由某人酌情决定”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "discretion"
 },
 {
  "w": "subsidy",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌbsədi/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌbsədi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "补贴；补助金",
    "en": "Money provided to support activities or keep prices lower."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A government subsidy helped us install solar panels at home.",
    "zh": "政府补贴帮助我们在家里安装了太阳能板。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Targeted subsidies for public transport can make commuting more affordable while encouraging people to use their cars less.",
    "zh": "针对公共交通的定向补贴能降低通勤费用，同时鼓励人们减少开车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "government subsidy｜政府补贴",
   "agricultural subsidies｜农业补贴",
   "receive a subsidy｜领取补贴",
   "subsidy scheme｜补贴计划"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "subsidise (v.)",
   "subsidised (adj.)",
   "subsidisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grant"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，复数为subsidies；常与for搭配。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "subsidy"
 },
 {
  "w": "adjacent",
  "uk": "/əˈdʒeɪsənt/",
  "us": "/əˈdʒeɪsənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相邻的；毗连的",
    "en": "next to or very near something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We booked adjacent rooms so the children could stay nearby.",
    "zh": "我们订了相邻的房间，孩子们就能住在旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents in areas adjacent to the airport often experience high levels of noise pollution.",
    "zh": "机场邻近地区的居民经常受到严重的噪声污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adjacent to｜与……相邻",
   "adjacent rooms｜相邻的房间",
   "adjacent buildings｜相邻的建筑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adjacency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "neighbouring",
   "adjoining"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“与……相邻”用 adjacent to。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adjacent"
 },
 {
  "w": "wither",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪðə/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪðər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "枯萎；使干枯",
    "en": "To become dry and weak, or cause plants to do so."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "衰退；逐渐消失",
    "en": "To gradually lose strength, importance, or effectiveness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The flowers withered after a week without water.",
    "zh": "这些花一周没浇水，都枯萎了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without sustained investment, local industries may wither, leaving young people with few employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "没有持续投资，当地产业可能衰退，导致年轻人就业机会寥寥。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wither away｜逐渐衰败",
   "wither in the heat｜在高温下枯萎",
   "wither and die｜枯萎死亡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "withered (adj.)",
   "withering (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shrivel",
   "fade"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "flourish",
   "thrive"
  ],
  "tip": "植物枯萎或事业衰退均可用，常与away连用。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wither"
 },
 {
  "w": "dazzling",
  "uk": "/ˈdæzlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈdæzlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "耀眼的；刺眼的",
    "en": "so bright that it is difficult to see"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人赞叹的",
    "en": "extremely impressive because of beauty, skill, or quality"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shielded our eyes from the dazzling afternoon sun.",
    "zh": "我们遮住眼睛，躲避午后刺眼的阳光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although dazzling performances attract visitors, sustained investment in local arts education is equally important.",
    "zh": "尽管精彩的演出能吸引游客，持续投资本地艺术教育也同样重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dazzling sunlight｜耀眼的阳光",
   "dazzling display｜令人赞叹的展示",
   "dazzling performance｜精彩绝伦的表演"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dazzle (v.)",
   "dazzled (adj.)",
   "dazzlingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "brilliant",
   "impressive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dull"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容光线刺眼，也可形容表现精彩。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dazzling"
 },
 {
  "w": "utterance",
  "uk": "/ˈʌtərəns/",
  "us": "/ˈʌtərəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "话语；言论",
    "en": "Something spoken, such as a word, phrase, or sentence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "说出；发声",
    "en": "The act of expressing something through speech."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The baby's first clear utterance made everyone smile.",
    "zh": "宝宝第一次清楚地说出话来，让大家都笑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Analysing each utterance in classroom discussions can reveal how teachers encourage students to express their ideas.",
    "zh": "分析课堂讨论中的每一段话语，可以揭示教师如何鼓励学生表达想法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a single utterance｜一句话语",
   "a spontaneous utterance｜自发的话语",
   "give utterance to｜说出；表达"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "utter (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "remark",
   "statement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "语言学中指一次说出的话，不一定是完整句子。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "utterance"
 },
 {
  "w": "occurrence",
  "uk": "/əˈkʌrəns/",
  "us": "/əˈkɝːəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发生的事；事件",
    "en": "something that happens, especially something noticeable"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发生；出现",
    "en": "the fact of something happening or being present"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Power cuts are a rare occurrence in our village.",
    "zh": "我们村很少停电。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved drainage systems can reduce the occurrence of flooding in densely populated urban areas.",
    "zh": "改进排水系统可以减少人口稠密城区的洪涝发生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a common occurrence｜常见的事",
   "a rare occurrence｜罕见的事",
   "a frequent occurrence｜经常发生的事",
   "the occurrence of disease｜疾病的发生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "occur (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "event",
   "incident"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "事件义可数；发生义不可数；注意双写rr。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "occurrence"
 },
 {
  "w": "oceanography",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊʃəˈnɒɡrəfi/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊʃəˈnɑːɡrəfi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海洋学",
    "en": "The scientific study of oceans and their physical and biological processes."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin studies oceanography and collects seawater samples.",
    "zh": "我的表亲学习海洋学，也采集海水样本。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Research in oceanography helps scientists understand how ocean currents influence global temperatures and regional weather patterns.",
    "zh": "海洋学研究帮助科学家了解洋流如何影响全球气温和区域天气模式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "physical oceanography｜物理海洋学",
   "biological oceanography｜生物海洋学",
   "study oceanography｜学习海洋学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ocean (n.)",
   "oceanographer (n.)",
   "oceanographic (adj.)",
   "oceanic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "学科名称，通常不可数；海洋学家是oceanographer。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oceanography"
 },
 {
  "w": "gauge",
  "uk": "/ɡeɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ɡeɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "估计；判断；测量",
    "en": "To judge or measure the amount, level, or nature of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "测量仪；计量器",
    "en": "An instrument that measures an amount, level, or pressure"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "标准宽度；轨距",
    "en": "A standard width or thickness, especially between railway rails"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I dipped a toe in to gauge the water temperature.",
    "zh": "我把一只脚趾伸进水里，试了试水温。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments often use household surveys to gauge public satisfaction with healthcare, education, and other essential services.",
    "zh": "政府常通过住户调查了解公众对医疗、教育及其他基本服务的满意程度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gauge public opinion｜了解公众意见",
   "gauge the impact｜评估影响",
   "a pressure gauge｜压力计",
   "a fuel gauge｜燃油表"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "assess",
   "estimate",
   "measure"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "读音同gage；既可用仪器测量，也可凭信息判断。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gauge"
 },
 {
  "w": "signify",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪɡnɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪɡnɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表示；意味着",
    "en": "to mean something or be a sign of it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "示意；表达",
    "en": "to make a feeling or intention known through an action"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These dark clouds usually signify that rain is coming.",
    "zh": "这些乌云通常意味着快要下雨了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising literacy rates may signify improvements in educational access, especially among previously disadvantaged communities.",
    "zh": "识字率上升可能意味着受教育机会有所改善，尤其是在原本处于弱势的群体中。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "signify a change｜意味着变化",
   "signify approval｜表示赞同",
   "signify that｜意味着"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "significance (n.)",
   "significant (adj.)",
   "significantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "indicate",
   "mean",
   "signal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "signify较正式，常接名词或that从句。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "signify"
 },
 {
  "w": "permeate",
  "uk": "/ˈpɜːmieɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈpɝːmieɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弥漫；遍布",
    "en": "Spread throughout a place, group, or situation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "渗入；渗透",
    "en": "Pass into or through the tiny spaces in a material."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The smell of fresh bread permeated the entire house.",
    "zh": "新鲜面包的香味弥漫了整栋房子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital technology now permeates almost every aspect of education, changing how students access information and collaborate with others.",
    "zh": "数字技术如今渗透到教育的几乎各个方面，改变了学生获取信息和与他人合作的方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "permeate society｜渗透社会各处",
   "permeate every aspect of｜渗透……的各个方面",
   "permeate through｜渗透穿过"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "permeation (n.)",
   "permeable (adj.)",
   "impermeable (adj.)",
   "permeability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pervade",
   "penetrate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可直接接宾语；气味弥漫房间无需加介词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "permeate"
 },
 {
  "w": "paranoia",
  "uk": "/ˌpærəˈnɔɪə/",
  "us": "/ˌpærəˈnɔɪə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "偏执；被害妄想",
    "en": "An unfounded belief that others intend to harm you."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her growing paranoia made ordinary conversations feel threatening.",
    "zh": "她日益加重的被害妄想让普通交谈也显得充满威胁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Mental health services should offer compassionate support to people experiencing paranoia rather than reinforcing harmful stereotypes.",
    "zh": "心理健康服务应向受偏执困扰的人提供关怀与支持，而不是强化有害的刻板印象。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "experience paranoia｜出现偏执症状",
   "feelings of paranoia｜受迫害的疑惧感",
   "paranoia about surveillance｜对被监视的过度疑惧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "paranoid (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；指心理状态，不指患有此症的人。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "paranoia"
 },
 {
  "w": "conqueror",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒŋkərə/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːŋkərər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "征服者",
    "en": "someone who takes control of a place through military force"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displayed a conqueror's helmet beside his sword.",
    "zh": "博物馆里，一位征服者的头盔陈列在他的剑旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A conqueror may impose new laws and customs, profoundly changing the cultural identity of local communities.",
    "zh": "征服者可能强行推行新的法律和习俗，深刻改变当地社区的文化认同。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a foreign conqueror｜外来征服者",
   "a military conqueror｜军事征服者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conquer (v.)",
   "conquest (n.)",
   "unconquered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指通过武力征服的人，不泛指比赛获胜者。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conqueror"
 },
 {
  "w": "cape",
  "uk": "/keɪp/",
  "us": "/keɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海角；岬",
    "en": "a piece of land extending into the sea"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "披风；斗篷",
    "en": "a sleeveless outer garment hanging loosely from the shoulders"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked around the cape before the tide rose.",
    "zh": "我们在涨潮之前绕着海角走了一圈。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The construction of a lighthouse on the cape improved safety for ships approaching the harbour.",
    "zh": "在海角修建灯塔提高了船只驶近港口时的安全性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a rocky cape｜岩石海角",
   "round the cape｜绕过海角",
   "a woollen cape｜羊毛披风"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "headland"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cape既可指海角，也可指无袖披风。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cape"
 },
 {
  "w": "tinge",
  "uk": "/tɪndʒ/",
  "us": "/tɪndʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "淡淡的色泽；少许",
    "en": "A slight amount of colour, feeling, or another quality"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使略带色彩或感情",
    "en": "To give something a slight colour or emotional quality"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The clouds had a pink tinge after sunset.",
    "zh": "日落后，云朵带着一抹淡粉色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For many graduates, the excitement of entering employment is tinged with anxiety about financial independence.",
    "zh": "对许多毕业生来说，步入职场的兴奋中夹杂着对经济独立的焦虑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tinge of sadness｜一丝悲伤",
   "a pink tinge｜一抹淡粉色",
   "be tinged with regret｜略带遗憾"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "hint",
   "trace"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a tinge of表示少许；be tinged with表示略带。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tinge"
 },
 {
  "w": "endurance",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdjʊərəns/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdʊrəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "耐力；忍耐力",
    "en": "The ability to continue despite tiredness, pain, or difficulty."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Swimming every morning has really improved my endurance.",
    "zh": "每天早晨游泳确实增强了我的耐力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular physical activity builds endurance and helps people manage the demands of an increasingly sedentary lifestyle.",
    "zh": "经常运动能增强耐力，帮助人们应对日益久坐的生活方式带来的挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "build endurance｜增强耐力",
   "physical endurance｜体能耐力",
   "endurance training｜耐力训练",
   "a test of endurance｜耐力考验"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "endure (v.)",
   "endurable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stamina"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数，强调在疲劳或困难中坚持的能力。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "endurance"
 },
 {
  "w": "undermine",
  "uk": "/ˌʌndəˈmaɪn/",
  "us": "/ˌʌndɚˈmaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逐渐削弱；损害",
    "en": "To gradually weaken someone's confidence, authority, or something's effectiveness"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "侵蚀底部；破坏地基",
    "en": "To weaken a structure by removing material beneath it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Constant criticism can undermine your confidence in the kitchen.",
    "zh": "不断的批评会削弱你下厨的信心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A lack of transparency can undermine public trust in institutions and reduce support for important policy changes.",
    "zh": "缺乏透明度可能损害公众对机构的信任，并减少对重要政策调整的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "undermine confidence｜削弱信心",
   "undermine authority｜损害权威",
   "undermine public trust｜损害公众信任",
   "undermine efforts｜使努力受损"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "weaken",
   "erode"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "strengthen",
   "reinforce"
  ],
  "tip": "常搭配confidence、trust，强调逐渐或暗中削弱。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "undermine"
 },
 {
  "w": "tentacle",
  "uk": "/ˈtentəkl/",
  "us": "/ˈtentəkl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "触手；触须",
    "en": "a long flexible animal part used for touching or grasping"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The octopus wrapped a tentacle around a small shell.",
    "zh": "章鱼用一条触手缠住了一枚小贝壳。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each tentacle helps the octopus explore its surroundings and capture food in complex marine habitats.",
    "zh": "每条触手都帮助章鱼探索周围环境，并在复杂的海洋栖息地中捕食。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a long tentacle｜长触手",
   "octopus tentacles｜章鱼触手",
   "extend a tentacle｜伸出触手"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "章鱼、水母的触手用tentacle；昆虫触角用antenna。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tentacle"
 },
 {
  "w": "uniformly",
  "uk": "/ˈjuːnɪfɔːmli/",
  "us": "/ˈjuːnɪfɔːrmli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "均匀地；一致地",
    "en": "equally or in the same way throughout"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "一律；无一例外地",
    "en": "in every case, without any exceptions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Spread the butter uniformly across the warm bread.",
    "zh": "把黄油均匀地涂在温热的面包上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental regulations must be applied uniformly to all companies to ensure fair competition.",
    "zh": "环境法规必须统一适用于所有公司，以确保公平竞争。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "uniformly distributed｜均匀分布的",
   "apply uniformly｜统一适用",
   "uniformly high｜一律很高的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "uniform (adj.)",
   "uniformity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "evenly",
   "consistently"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unevenly",
   "inconsistently"
  ],
  "tip": "强调各处或各例相同，不只是时间上的经常。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "uniformly"
 },
 {
  "w": "reproduction",
  "uk": "/ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生殖；繁殖",
    "en": "The process by which living things produce young."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "复制；再现",
    "en": "The process of copying an image, sound, or other material."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "复制品",
    "en": "A copy of an original object or artwork."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a documentary about reproduction in sea turtles.",
    "zh": "我们看了一部关于海龟繁殖的纪录片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising ocean temperatures may disrupt reproduction in marine species, threatening the long-term stability of coastal ecosystems.",
    "zh": "海洋温度上升可能扰乱海洋物种的繁殖，威胁沿海生态系统的长期稳定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sexual reproduction｜有性生殖",
   "asexual reproduction｜无性生殖",
   "sound reproduction｜声音重放",
   "a reproduction of a painting｜一幅画的复制品"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reproduce (v.)",
   "reproductive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指繁殖或复制过程时不可数；指一件复制品时可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reproduction"
 },
 {
  "w": "deem",
  "uk": "/diːm/",
  "us": "/diːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "认为；视为",
    "en": "To judge or consider someone or something in a particular way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The inspector deemed our old boiler unsafe to use.",
    "zh": "检查员认为我们家的旧锅炉使用起来不安全。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport should be deemed an essential service rather than merely a source of profit.",
    "zh": "公共交通应被视为基本服务，而不应仅仅被当作盈利来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deem necessary｜认为有必要",
   "deem appropriate｜认为合适",
   "be deemed unsafe｜被认定为不安全"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "consider",
   "judge",
   "regard"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用词，常用deem＋宾语＋形容词，多见被动式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deem"
 },
 {
  "w": "fellowship",
  "uk": "/ˈfeləʊʃɪp/",
  "us": "/ˈfeloʊʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "研究奖助金；研究员职位",
    "en": "Funding or a position supporting advanced study or research."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "友谊；伙伴情谊",
    "en": "Friendship and support among people with shared interests."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "协会；团体",
    "en": "A group united by shared interests or beliefs."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister won a fellowship to study marine life.",
    "zh": "我姐姐获得了一项研究海洋生物的奖助金。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A research fellowship can enable early-career scientists to investigate environmental problems without facing immediate financial pressure.",
    "zh": "研究奖助金能让职业生涯初期的科学家研究环境问题，而不必面临眼前的经济压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "research fellowship｜研究奖助金或职位",
   "award a fellowship｜授予研究奖助金",
   "a sense of fellowship｜伙伴情谊"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fellow (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "奖助金义通常可数；伙伴情谊义通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fellowship"
 },
 {
  "w": "mourning",
  "uk": "/ˈmɔːnɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "哀悼；服丧",
    "en": "sadness expressed after someone's death"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Neighbours brought warm meals to the family in mourning.",
    "zh": "邻居们为正在服丧的一家人送来了热饭菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public ceremonies can provide shared spaces for mourning and help communities support those affected by loss.",
    "zh": "公共仪式可以提供共同哀悼的场所，帮助社区支持失去亲友的人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in mourning｜在服丧中",
   "a period of mourning｜一段哀悼期",
   "national mourning｜全国哀悼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mourn (v.)",
   "mourner (n.)",
   "mournful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grief"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与morning同音；in mourning表示正在服丧。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mourning"
 },
 {
  "w": "premier",
  "uk": "/ˈpremiə/",
  "us": "/prɪˈmɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "总理；首相；地区政府首脑",
    "en": "The head of a national or regional government."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "首要的；最优秀的",
    "en": "Considered the best or most important of its kind."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The premier visited our village after the river flooded.",
    "zh": "河水泛滥后，总理到我们村视察。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The premier announced new measures to improve access to affordable housing in rapidly growing cities.",
    "zh": "总理宣布了新措施，以改善快速发展城市中居民获得可负担住房的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the newly elected premier｜新当选的政府首脑",
   "a provincial premier｜省政府首脑",
   "a premier research institution｜顶尖研究机构"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "premier可指政府首脑；premiere指首映或首演。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "premier"
 },
 {
  "w": "acceleration",
  "uk": "/əkˌseləˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/əkˌseləˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "加速；加快",
    "en": "the process of moving faster or happening more quickly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "加速度",
    "en": "the rate at which velocity changes over time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The car's sudden acceleration pushed me against my seat.",
    "zh": "汽车突然加速，把我压向了座椅靠背。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The acceleration of urban growth has increased demand for affordable housing and reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "城市发展的加速增加了对可负担住房和可靠公共交通的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rapid acceleration｜迅速加速",
   "acceleration of growth｜增长的加速",
   "constant acceleration｜恒定加速度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accelerate (v.)",
   "accelerator (n.)",
   "deceleration (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "deceleration"
  ],
  "tip": "物理中指速度变化率，方向改变也可产生加速度。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "acceleration"
 },
 {
  "w": "deviate",
  "uk": "/ˈdiːvieɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈdiːvieɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "偏离；背离",
    "en": "to move away from an expected route, standard, or plan"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We deviated from our usual route to avoid traffic.",
    "zh": "为了避开拥堵，我们没有走平时的路线。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must explain why they deviate from agreed procedures, as unexpected changes may affect the reliability of results.",
    "zh": "研究人员必须解释为何偏离约定程序，因为意外变动可能影响结果的可靠性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deviate from a plan｜偏离计划",
   "deviate from the norm｜偏离常规",
   "deviate from a route｜偏离路线"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deviation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "diverge",
   "stray"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "conform"
  ],
  "tip": "通常为不及物动词，用deviate from表示偏离。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deviate"
 },
 {
  "w": "courteous",
  "uk": "/ˈkɜːtiəs/",
  "us": "/ˈkɝːtiəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "彬彬有礼的",
    "en": "Polite and respectful towards other people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The courteous driver waited while I found my ticket.",
    "zh": "那位有礼貌的司机耐心等我找到车票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Courteous communication between healthcare staff and patients can improve trust and make medical appointments less stressful.",
    "zh": "医护人员与患者之间礼貌的沟通可以增进信任，减轻就诊带来的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "courteous service｜礼貌周到的服务",
   "courteous manner｜彬彬有礼的举止",
   "courteous to customers｜对顾客有礼貌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "courtesy (n.)",
   "courteously (adv.)",
   "discourteous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "polite",
   "respectful",
   "well-mannered"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rude",
   "discourteous"
  ],
  "tip": "比polite更正式；对某人有礼貌用to。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "courteous"
 },
 {
  "w": "reproach",
  "uk": "/rɪˈprəʊtʃ/",
  "us": "/rɪˈproʊtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "责备；指责",
    "en": "Express disappointment or criticism about someone's actions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "责备；责备的话",
    "en": "An expression of disappointment or criticism"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She reproached her brother for leaving the gate open.",
    "zh": "她责备弟弟没有关好大门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should offer constructive guidance rather than reproach students for mistakes made during the learning process.",
    "zh": "教师应给予建设性的指导，而不是责备学生在学习过程中犯的错误。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reproach someone for｜因……责备某人",
   "beyond reproach｜无可指责",
   "a look of reproach｜责备的眼神"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reproachful (adj.)",
   "reproachfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "criticize",
   "rebuke"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "praise"
  ],
  "tip": "责备某人做某事：reproach sb for doing sth。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reproach"
 },
 {
  "w": "regime",
  "uk": "/reɪˈʒiːm/",
  "us": "/reɪˈʒiːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "政权；政治体制",
    "en": "a government or system of government, especially an authoritarian one"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "管理制度；生活安排",
    "en": "an organized system of rules or regular activities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new regime promised to reopen the public library.",
    "zh": "新政权承诺重新开放公共图书馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An authoritarian regime may restrict public debate, making it harder for citizens to influence government decisions.",
    "zh": "威权政权可能限制公共讨论，使公民更难影响政府决策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "authoritarian regime｜威权政权",
   "tax regime｜税收制度",
   "exercise regime｜锻炼计划"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指政权时常含贬义；也可指税制或锻炼安排。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "regime"
 },
 {
  "w": "duet",
  "uk": "/djuˈet/",
  "us": "/duˈet/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "二重唱；二重奏",
    "en": "A musical piece or performance for two singers or players."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sisters sang a beautiful duet at the concert.",
    "zh": "这对姐妹在音乐会上演唱了一首优美的二重唱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Performing a duet encourages music students to listen carefully and coordinate their timing with another musician.",
    "zh": "表演二重奏能鼓励音乐专业学生仔细聆听，并与另一位演奏者协调节奏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sing a duet｜唱二重唱",
   "a piano duet｜钢琴二重奏",
   "perform a duet｜表演二重唱或二重奏"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "duet指两人合唱或合奏的作品或表演，不指两人组合本身。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "duet"
 },
 {
  "w": "extraction",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈstrækʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈstrækʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "提取；开采；拔除",
    "en": "The process of taking something out of something else."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The dentist explained why a tooth extraction was necessary.",
    "zh": "牙医解释了为什么必须拔牙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The extraction of minerals can damage local ecosystems unless strict environmental safeguards are enforced.",
    "zh": "开采矿物可能破坏当地生态系统，除非实施严格的环境保护措施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mineral extraction｜矿物开采",
   "tooth extraction｜拔牙",
   "oil extraction｜石油开采",
   "data extraction｜数据提取"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "extract (v.)",
   "extractor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "removal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "extract是动词；extraction指提取过程，不指摘要。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "extraction"
 },
 {
  "w": "mishandle",
  "uk": "/ˌmɪsˈhændəl/",
  "us": "/ˌmɪsˈhændəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "处理不当",
    "en": "to deal with a situation or responsibility badly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "粗暴搬动；不慎操作",
    "en": "to handle an object carelessly or incorrectly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hotel mishandled our booking and gave away our room.",
    "zh": "酒店弄错了我们的预订，把房间给了别人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When authorities mishandle public complaints, citizens may lose confidence in local institutions and become less willing to cooperate.",
    "zh": "当政府部门未能妥善处理公众投诉时，市民可能对地方机构失去信心，合作意愿也会降低。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mishandle a complaint｜投诉处理不当",
   "mishandle a crisis｜危机应对不当",
   "mishandle luggage｜搬运行李不慎"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mishandling (n.)",
   "handle (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mismanage"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指事情处理不当，也可指物品搬动不慎。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mishandle"
 },
 {
  "w": "waken",
  "uk": "/ˈweɪkən/",
  "us": "/ˈweɪkən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "醒来；唤醒",
    "en": "to stop sleeping or cause someone to stop sleeping"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Birdsong wakened me before the sun came up.",
    "zh": "太阳还没升起，鸟鸣就把我唤醒了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents living near airports may be wakened repeatedly by aircraft noise, which can affect their overall health.",
    "zh": "住在机场附近的居民可能反复被飞机噪声吵醒，进而影响整体健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "waken someone from sleep｜把某人从睡梦中唤醒",
   "waken at dawn｜黎明时醒来",
   "waken to birdsong｜听着鸟鸣醒来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wake (v.)",
   "awake (adj.)",
   "awakening (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wake",
   "awaken"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比wake少见、较书面；过去式和过去分词均为wakened。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "waken"
 },
 {
  "w": "reel",
  "uk": "/riːl/",
  "us": "/riːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卷轴；一卷胶片等",
    "en": "a round holder for winding thread, wire, or film"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "踉跄；因震惊而不知所措",
    "en": "to stagger or feel overwhelmed by something shocking"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She wound the loose fishing line onto the reel.",
    "zh": "她把松散的钓鱼线绕到了卷线轮上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local businesses continued to reel from the sudden closure of the region's largest factory.",
    "zh": "该地区最大工厂突然关闭，当地企业持续受到严重冲击。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a reel of film｜一卷胶片",
   "a fishing reel｜钓鱼卷线轮",
   "reel from the shock｜因震惊而不知所措",
   "reel off a list｜一口气列举"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "spool",
   "stagger"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "reel from表示受冲击；reel off表示一口气说出。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reel"
 },
 {
  "w": "manor",
  "uk": "/ˈmænə/",
  "us": "/ˈmænər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "庄园宅邸",
    "en": "A large country house traditionally belonging to a wealthy landowner."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "庄园；领地",
    "en": "An estate historically controlled by a lord."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We visited an old manor surrounded by apple trees.",
    "zh": "我们参观了一座被苹果树环绕的古老庄园宅邸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring a historic manor can attract visitors and create employment opportunities in rural communities.",
    "zh": "修复历史庄园宅邸可以吸引游客，并为乡村社区创造就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a manor house｜庄园宅邸",
   "lord of the manor｜庄园领主",
   "a medieval manor｜中世纪庄园"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "manorial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调乡间庄园背景；manor house指庄园主宅。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "manor"
 },
 {
  "w": "conceivable",
  "uk": "/kənˈsiːvəbl/",
  "us": "/kənˈsiːvəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可想象的；可能的",
    "en": "Possible to imagine or believe."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We searched every conceivable place for the missing keys.",
    "zh": "我们找遍了所有能想到的地方，寻找丢失的钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It is conceivable that advances in renewable energy could significantly reduce global dependence on fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "可再生能源的进步有可能显著降低全球对化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "every conceivable way｜所有能想到的办法",
   "every conceivable option｜所有可想到的选项",
   "it is conceivable that｜有可能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conceive (v.)",
   "conceivably (adv.)",
   "inconceivable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "imaginable",
   "possible"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inconceivable",
   "unimaginable"
  ],
  "tip": "表示能设想或有可能，不等于很可能发生。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conceivable"
 },
 {
  "w": "defendant",
  "uk": "/dɪˈfendənt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈfendənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "被告",
    "en": "A person or organisation facing a legal claim or criminal charge."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The defendant sat quietly beside her lawyer in court.",
    "zh": "被告在法庭上安静地坐在她的律师旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Every defendant should have access to legal advice, regardless of their income or social background.",
    "zh": "每位被告都应能获得法律咨询，无论其收入或社会背景如何。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a criminal defendant｜刑事被告",
   "the defendant's lawyer｜被告的律师",
   "the rights of defendants｜被告的权利"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "defend (v.)",
   "defence (n.)",
   "defensive (adj.)",
   "defender (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "plaintiff"
  ],
  "tip": "被告不等于罪犯；原告plaintiff主要用于民事诉讼。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "defendant"
 },
 {
  "w": "irrigate",
  "uk": "/ˈɪrɪɡeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪrɪɡeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "灌溉",
    "en": "to supply land or crops with water"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Farmers irrigate these fields with water from the river.",
    "zh": "农民用河水灌溉这些田地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using treated wastewater to irrigate crops can reduce pressure on freshwater supplies in dry regions.",
    "zh": "使用处理过的废水灌溉作物，可以减轻干旱地区的淡水供应压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "irrigate crops｜灌溉作物",
   "irrigate farmland｜灌溉农田",
   "irrigation system｜灌溉系统"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "irrigation (n.)",
   "irrigated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "water"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常作及物动词，宾语是田地或作物，不是水。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "irrigate"
 },
 {
  "w": "proximity",
  "uk": "/prɒkˈsɪməti/",
  "us": "/prɑːkˈsɪməti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "邻近；接近",
    "en": "The state of being near something in distance or time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We chose this flat for its proximity to the park.",
    "zh": "我们选这套公寓是因为它离公园近。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Living in close proximity to busy roads may increase residents' exposure to noise and air pollution.",
    "zh": "住在繁忙道路附近可能使居民更多地接触噪声和空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "proximity to｜与……的邻近",
   "in close proximity to｜紧邻；靠近",
   "geographical proximity｜地理上的接近"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "proximate (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "nearness",
   "closeness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "remoteness"
  ],
  "tip": "常用 proximity to；此处 to 是介词，后接名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "proximity"
 },
 {
  "w": "residue",
  "uk": "/ˈrezɪdjuː/",
  "us": "/ˈrezɪduː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "残留物；残渣",
    "en": "A substance left behind after a process or removal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sticker left a sticky residue on the jar.",
    "zh": "贴纸在罐子上留下了黏黏的残留物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Industrial processes can leave toxic residue in soil, creating long-term risks for nearby ecosystems and communities.",
    "zh": "工业生产过程可能在土壤中留下有毒残留物，给附近的生态系统和社区带来长期风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sticky residue｜黏性残留物",
   "chemical residue｜化学残留物",
   "pesticide residues｜农药残留",
   "leave a residue｜留下残留物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "residual (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "remains",
   "remnants"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指过程结束后的物质残留；不同种类可用复数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "residue"
 },
 {
  "w": "analogy",
  "uk": "/əˈnælədʒi/",
  "us": "/əˈnælədʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "类比；相似之处",
    "en": "A comparison used to explain something through a similar example"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her analogy compared our busy kitchen to a train station.",
    "zh": "她把我们忙碌的厨房比作火车站。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers often draw an analogy between electrical circuits and flowing water to explain unfamiliar scientific concepts.",
    "zh": "教师常将电路与流水作类比，以解释学生不熟悉的科学概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "draw an analogy｜作类比",
   "an analogy between｜两者之间的类比",
   "a useful analogy｜有用的类比"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "analogous (adj.)",
   "analogously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "comparison"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用draw an analogy between A and B。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "analogy"
 },
 {
  "w": "flicker",
  "uk": "/ˈflɪkə/",
  "us": "/ˈflɪkər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "闪烁；摇曳",
    "en": "to shine unsteadily, becoming brighter and dimmer repeatedly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "闪光；摇曳的光",
    "en": "a brief or unsteady movement of light"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一丝；短暂的情感流露",
    "en": "a slight feeling or expression that appears briefly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The candle flickered when she opened the kitchen door.",
    "zh": "她打开厨房门时，烛光摇曳起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When streetlights flicker or fail, pedestrians may feel less secure in urban public spaces.",
    "zh": "路灯闪烁不定或熄灭时，行人可能会觉得城市公共空间不够安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flickering light｜闪烁的光",
   "a flicker of hope｜一丝希望",
   "a flicker of recognition｜一瞬间认出的神情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flickering (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a flicker of 可接 hope 等，表示一丝短暂情感。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flicker"
 },
 {
  "w": "aerodynamics",
  "uk": "/ˌeərəʊdaɪˈnæmɪks/",
  "us": "/ˌeroʊdaɪˈnæmɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "空气动力学",
    "en": "The study of air movement and its effects on objects."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "空气动力性能",
    "en": "The qualities affecting how efficiently an object moves through air."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We explored aerodynamics by testing paper planes in the garden.",
    "zh": "我们在花园里试飞纸飞机，探索空气动力学。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in aerodynamics allow aircraft manufacturers to reduce fuel consumption without significantly compromising passenger capacity or flight speed.",
    "zh": "空气动力学的进步使飞机制造商能够降低油耗，而不会明显牺牲载客量或飞行速度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the principles of aerodynamics｜空气动力学原理",
   "improve aerodynamics｜改善空气动力性能",
   "vehicle aerodynamics｜车辆空气动力学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aerodynamic (adj.)",
   "aerodynamically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指学科时虽以s结尾，通常仍接单数谓语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aerodynamics"
 },
 {
  "w": "recurrence",
  "uk": "/rɪˈkʌrəns/",
  "us": "/rɪˈkɜːrəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "再次发生；复发",
    "en": "the return of an event, problem, or illness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Regular stretching may help prevent a recurrence of back pain.",
    "zh": "经常做拉伸运动可能有助于防止背痛复发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved drainage systems could reduce the risk of a recurrence of severe flooding in urban areas.",
    "zh": "改善排水系统可以降低城市地区再次发生严重洪灾的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prevent a recurrence｜防止再次发生",
   "risk of recurrence｜复发风险",
   "recurrence of symptoms｜症状复发"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recur (v.)",
   "recurrent (adj.)",
   "recurring (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常接 of；疾病复发和问题重现都可用。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recurrence"
 },
 {
  "w": "oasis",
  "uk": "/əʊˈeɪsɪs/",
  "us": "/oʊˈeɪsɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "绿洲",
    "en": "A place in a desert where water and plants are found."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宁静舒适之地",
    "en": "A peaceful, pleasant place surrounded by something difficult or unpleasant."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After hours of walking, we reached a small oasis.",
    "zh": "步行数小时后，我们到达了一片小绿洲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public gardens provide an oasis of calm for residents living in densely populated urban areas.",
    "zh": "公共花园为生活在人口密集城区的居民提供了一方宁静之地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "desert oasis｜沙漠绿洲",
   "an oasis of calm｜宁静之地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为oases；也可比喻喧嚣中的宁静之地。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oasis"
 },
 {
  "w": "defraud",
  "uk": "/dɪˈfrɔːd/",
  "us": "/dɪˈfrɔːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "诈骗；骗取财物",
    "en": "to obtain someone's money or property through dishonest actions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The caller tried to defraud her of her savings.",
    "zh": "打电话的人企图骗走她的积蓄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stronger consumer protection laws can prevent dishonest businesses from attempting to defraud vulnerable customers.",
    "zh": "更有力的消费者保护法可以防止不诚信企业企图诈骗易受侵害的顾客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "defraud someone of money｜骗取某人的钱财",
   "defraud investors｜诈骗投资者",
   "conspiracy to defraud｜串谋诈骗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fraud (n.)",
   "fraudulent (adj.)",
   "fraudulently (adv.)",
   "defrauder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "swindle",
   "cheat"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用defraud sb of sth，指骗取财物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "defraud"
 },
 {
  "w": "turnover",
  "uk": "/ˈtɜːnəʊvə/",
  "us": "/ˈtɝːnoʊvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "营业额；销售额",
    "en": "the total value of a business's sales during a period"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人员流动率",
    "en": "the rate at which employees leave and are replaced"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our bakery's turnover rose after we started selling sandwiches.",
    "zh": "开始卖三明治后，我们面包店的营业额提高了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High staff turnover can increase recruitment costs and make it difficult for companies to maintain consistent service.",
    "zh": "员工流动率过高会增加招聘成本，使企业难以维持稳定的服务水平。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "annual turnover｜年营业额",
   "staff turnover｜员工流动率",
   "high turnover｜高流动率；高营业额"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "营业额不等于利润；美式英语此义常用revenue。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "turnover"
 },
 {
  "w": "embroidery",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈbrɔɪdəri/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈbrɔɪdəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刺绣；绣花",
    "en": "The craft of decorating cloth with needle and thread."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刺绣图案；绣品",
    "en": "Decorative patterns sewn onto cloth using coloured thread."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I practise embroidery by stitching flowers onto plain cushions.",
    "zh": "我在素色靠垫上绣花来练习刺绣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community embroidery workshops can preserve traditional skills while creating opportunities for different generations to learn together.",
    "zh": "社区刺绣工作坊既能保护传统技艺，也能为不同年龄的人创造共同学习的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hand embroidery｜手工刺绣",
   "embroidery thread｜绣线",
   "embroidery hoop｜绣绷",
   "intricate embroidery｜精细的刺绣"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "embroider (v.)",
   "embroidered (adj.)",
   "embroiderer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "embroidery通常不可数；动词是embroider。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "embroidery"
 },
 {
  "w": "attributable",
  "uk": "/əˈtrɪbjətəbl/",
  "us": "/əˈtrɪbjətəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可归因于……的",
    "en": "caused by or explainable as the result of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The damp patch is attributable to a leaking pipe.",
    "zh": "这块潮湿的痕迹是水管漏水造成的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Much of the improvement in public health is attributable to cleaner drinking water and better sanitation.",
    "zh": "公共健康状况的改善，很大程度上归功于更清洁的饮用水和更好的卫生设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attributable to｜可归因于",
   "directly attributable to｜直接由……造成",
   "largely attributable to｜主要归因于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attribute (v.)",
   "attribution (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "固定搭配be attributable to，to后接原因。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attributable"
 },
 {
  "w": "vain",
  "uk": "/veɪn/",
  "us": "/veɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "徒劳的；无效的",
    "en": "failing to achieve the intended result"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自负的；虚荣的",
    "en": "too proud of your appearance or achievements"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We made a vain attempt to repair the umbrella.",
    "zh": "我们试着修伞，却白费了力气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without affordable public transport, campaigns to reduce private car use may prove to be vain efforts.",
    "zh": "如果没有价格可负担的公共交通，减少私家车使用的宣传活动可能只是徒劳。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a vain attempt｜徒劳的尝试",
   "in vain｜徒劳地",
   "a vain hope｜渺茫的希望"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vainly (adv.)",
   "vanity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "futile",
   "conceited"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "effective",
   "modest"
  ],
  "tip": "in vain作状语，表示“徒劳地”；vain也可指虚荣。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vain"
 },
 {
  "w": "wrench",
  "uk": "/rentʃ/",
  "us": "/rentʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "扳手",
    "en": "A tool used to grip and turn nuts or bolts"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猛扭；猛拉；扭伤",
    "en": "Pull or twist forcefully, sometimes causing injury"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "离别之痛；猛扭",
    "en": "Sadness at leaving someone or something; a sudden forceful twist"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She tightened the loose bolt with a wrench.",
    "zh": "她用扳手拧紧了松动的螺栓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Leaving a close community can be a real wrench for students who move abroad for university.",
    "zh": "对赴海外上大学的学生来说，离开关系紧密的社区可能十分难舍。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an adjustable wrench｜活动扳手",
   "wrench something open｜猛力拉开某物",
   "wrench your shoulder｜扭伤肩膀",
   "a real wrench｜难以割舍的痛苦"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "spanner",
   "yank",
   "twist"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "扳手在英式英语中常叫spanner；wrench也可作动词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wrench"
 },
 {
  "w": "affirm",
  "uk": "/əˈfɜːm/",
  "us": "/əˈfɝːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "肯定；明确声明",
    "en": "To state firmly that something is true or supported."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Both parents affirmed their support for her career choice.",
    "zh": "父母双方都明确表示支持她的职业选择。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should affirm the value of cultural diversity by ensuring that teaching materials reflect different backgrounds and experiences.",
    "zh": "学校应确保教材体现不同的背景与经历，以肯定文化多样性的价值。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "affirm a commitment｜重申承诺",
   "affirm support for｜明确表示支持",
   "affirm that｜明确声明……",
   "affirm the value of｜肯定……的价值"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "affirmation (n.)",
   "affirmative (adj.)",
   "reaffirm (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assert",
   "declare"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "deny"
  ],
  "tip": "affirm语气正式，强调明确肯定；可接that从句。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "affirm"
 },
 {
  "w": "denote",
  "uk": "/dɪˈnəʊt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈnoʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表示；指代",
    "en": "To represent or indicate something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "On this map, blue lines denote rivers and streams.",
    "zh": "在这张地图上，蓝色线条表示河流和溪流。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In scientific diagrams, different colours often denote distinct materials, allowing readers to interpret complex structures more easily.",
    "zh": "在科学示意图中，不同颜色通常代表不同材料，便于读者理解复杂结构。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "denote a category｜表示一个类别",
   "denote a change｜表示变化",
   "be denoted by｜由……表示"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "denotation (n.)",
   "denotative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "indicate",
   "signify",
   "represent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用于符号、颜色或词语表示某种含义。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "denote"
 },
 {
  "w": "lag",
  "uk": "/læɡ/",
  "us": "/læɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "落后；滞后",
    "en": "Move or develop more slowly than others"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "延迟；时间间隔",
    "en": "A delay between related actions, events, or changes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I always lag behind my sister on steep hills.",
    "zh": "走陡坡时，我总是落在姐姐后面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in rural transport often lags behind urban development, limiting access to jobs and essential services.",
    "zh": "农村交通投资往往落后于城市发展，限制了人们获得工作和基本服务的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lag behind｜落后于",
   "time lag｜时间间隔",
   "a lag in development｜发展滞后"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用lag behind表示落后；过去式为lagged。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lag"
 },
 {
  "w": "formulate",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːmjəleɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrmjəleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "制定；构想",
    "en": "to develop a plan, policy, or idea carefully"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "明确表达",
    "en": "to express an idea clearly and precisely"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We need to formulate a plan before moving house.",
    "zh": "搬家之前，我们需要制定一个计划。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should formulate transport policies that reduce congestion while ensuring affordable access for all residents.",
    "zh": "政府应制定交通政策，在缓解拥堵的同时确保所有居民都能负担出行费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "formulate a plan｜制定计划",
   "formulate a policy｜制定政策",
   "formulate a hypothesis｜提出假设",
   "formulate a response｜组织回应"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "formulation (n.)",
   "reformulate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "devise",
   "develop"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比make正式，常搭配plan、policy、hypothesis。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "formulate"
 },
 {
  "w": "captive",
  "uk": "/ˈkæptɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈkæptɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "被俘的；受圈养的",
    "en": "kept somewhere and not allowed to leave"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "俘虏；被囚禁者",
    "en": "a person held prisoner"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无法自由离开的",
    "en": "unable to leave or choose an alternative"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The captive bird spread its wings inside the cage.",
    "zh": "那只被关着的鸟在笼子里展开了翅膀。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Breeding captive animals can support conservation, but protecting their natural habitats remains essential for long-term survival.",
    "zh": "繁育圈养动物有助于物种保护，但保护其自然栖息地对长期生存仍至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hold someone captive｜囚禁某人",
   "captive animals｜圈养动物",
   "a captive audience｜无法随意离场的听众",
   "captive breeding｜圈养繁殖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "captivity (n.)",
   "capture (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "imprisoned",
   "confined"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "free"
  ],
  "tip": "captive audience指无法随意离开的听众，非着迷者。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "captive"
 },
 {
  "w": "manipulate",
  "uk": "/məˈnɪpjʊleɪt/",
  "us": "/məˈnɪpjəleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "操纵；摆布",
    "en": "To control someone or something unfairly for your own benefit."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "熟练操作；处理",
    "en": "To handle or move something with skill."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She tried to manipulate her brother into doing the dishes.",
    "zh": "她试图用手段让弟弟去洗碗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online platforms can manipulate consumer choices by selectively displaying products and controlling access to information.",
    "zh": "网络平台可以通过选择性展示商品和控制信息获取来操纵消费者的选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "manipulate data｜操纵数据",
   "manipulate public opinion｜操纵舆论",
   "manipulate someone into doing something｜操纵某人做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "manipulation (n.)",
   "manipulative (adj.)",
   "manipulator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "control",
   "influence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "操纵人做某事用manipulate sb into doing。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "manipulate"
 },
 {
  "w": "timidity",
  "uk": "/tɪˈmɪdəti/",
  "us": "/tɪˈmɪdəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胆怯；缺乏自信",
    "en": "A lack of courage or confidence in facing people or situations."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her timidity made asking for help difficult at first.",
    "zh": "她性格胆怯，起初很难开口求助。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Supportive classroom environments can reduce students' timidity and encourage them to participate more actively in discussions.",
    "zh": "支持性的课堂环境可以减轻学生的胆怯，鼓励他们更积极地参与讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "overcome timidity｜克服胆怯",
   "natural timidity｜天生的胆怯",
   "timidity and hesitation｜胆怯与犹豫"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "timid (adj.)",
   "timidly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shyness",
   "diffidence"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "confidence",
   "boldness"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；形容词为timid，指胆小、不自信。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "timidity"
 },
 {
  "w": "verdict",
  "uk": "/ˈvɜːdɪkt/",
  "us": "/ˈvɝːdɪkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陪审团裁决；裁定",
    "en": "An official court decision about whether someone is guilty."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "评价；判断；定论",
    "en": "An opinion or judgment reached after considering something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "What is your verdict on my homemade soup?",
    "zh": "你觉得我自己做的汤怎么样？"
   },
   {
    "en": "A jury should reach its verdict solely on the evidence presented during the trial.",
    "zh": "陪审团应仅依据庭审中呈现的证据作出裁决。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reach a verdict｜作出裁决",
   "a guilty verdict｜有罪裁决",
   "return a verdict｜宣布裁决",
   "a verdict on something｜对某事的评价"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "judgment",
   "decision"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "verdict指裁决；sentence作法律名词指判处的刑罚。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "verdict"
 },
 {
  "w": "aero",
  "uk": "/ˈeərəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈeroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "航空的；飞机的",
    "en": "relating to aircraft or aviation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We saw an old aero engine at the museum.",
    "zh": "我们在博物馆看到了一台老式航空发动机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improvements in aero engine design can reduce fuel consumption and emissions from commercial aircraft.",
    "zh": "航空发动机设计的改进可以降低商用飞机的油耗和排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "aero engine｜航空发动机",
   "aero industry｜航空工业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aeronautics (n.)",
   "aeronautical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "多用于名词前；aero-也常作航空相关前缀。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aero"
 },
 {
  "w": "computerization",
  "uk": "/kəmˌpjuːtəraɪˈzeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/kəmˌpjuːtərəˈzeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计算机化；电脑化",
    "en": "the introduction of computers to perform tasks or manage information"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Computerization means we no longer sort these files by hand.",
    "zh": "实现计算机化后，我们不再手工整理这些档案。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The computerization of hospital records can improve efficiency, but it also requires strong safeguards for patient privacy.",
    "zh": "医院档案计算机化可以提高效率，但也需要有力措施保护患者隐私。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "computerization of records｜档案计算机化",
   "office computerization｜办公电脑化",
   "large-scale computerization｜大规模计算机化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "computerize (v.)",
   "computerized (adj.)",
   "computer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也写computerisation；通常作不可数名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "computerization"
 },
 {
  "w": "provision",
  "uk": "/prəˈvɪʒən/",
  "us": "/prəˈvɪʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "提供；供应",
    "en": "The act of supplying something needed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "条款；规定",
    "en": "A condition or requirement in a law or agreement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预备；准备措施",
    "en": "Arrangements made to deal with future needs or events."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The campsite fee includes the provision of clean water.",
    "zh": "营地费用包含清洁用水的供应。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving the provision of affordable childcare can help more parents return to work and increase household income.",
    "zh": "增加可负担的托育服务，可以帮助更多父母重返职场并提高家庭收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "provision of services｜服务的提供",
   "make provision for｜为……作准备",
   "a legal provision｜法律条款",
   "healthcare provision｜医疗服务的提供"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "provide (v.)",
   "provider (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表“提供”不可数；表“条款”可数；provisions可指粮食。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "provision"
 },
 {
  "w": "verify",
  "uk": "/ˈverɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈverɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "核实；查证",
    "en": "to check that something is true, accurate, or genuine"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please verify your address before we send the parcel.",
    "zh": "寄出包裹前，请核实你的地址。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must verify their findings through repeated experiments before presenting them to the wider scientific community.",
    "zh": "研究人员必须通过重复实验核实发现，才能向更广泛的科学界公布。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "verify information｜核实信息",
   "verify someone's identity｜核实某人的身份",
   "verify the accuracy of｜核实……的准确性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "verification (n.)",
   "verifiable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "confirm",
   "check"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "verify强调核实真伪或准确性，后接名词或从句。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "verify"
 },
 {
  "w": "enumerate",
  "uk": "/ɪˈnjuːməreɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈnuːməreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "列举；逐一列出",
    "en": "To name things separately, one after another."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She enumerated the repairs needed before we could move in.",
    "zh": "她逐一列出了我们入住前需要完成的维修项目。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The report enumerates several barriers to higher education, including tuition costs and limited access to reliable transport.",
    "zh": "该报告列举了接受高等教育的几项障碍，包括学费和缺乏可靠的交通服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enumerate the reasons｜逐一列出原因",
   "enumerate the benefits｜列举好处",
   "enumerate the main points｜逐一列出要点"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enumeration (n.)",
   "enumerator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "list",
   "itemise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用词，强调逐项列出；日常表达常用list。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enumerate"
 },
 {
  "w": "intimidate",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "恐吓；威胁",
    "en": "To frighten someone, often to make them obey"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使胆怯；使失去信心",
    "en": "To make someone feel nervous or less confident"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The large audience intimidated her before her first performance.",
    "zh": "首次演出前，庞大的观众群让她有些胆怯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should never intimidate workers into accepting unsafe conditions or giving up their legal rights.",
    "zh": "雇主绝不应胁迫员工接受不安全的工作条件或放弃合法权利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "intimidate someone into doing something｜胁迫某人做某事",
   "feel intimidated｜感到胆怯",
   "intimidate witnesses｜恐吓证人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intimidation (n.)",
   "intimidating (adj.)",
   "intimidated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "frighten",
   "overawe"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reassure"
  ],
  "tip": "intimidate sb into doing sth表示胁迫某人做某事。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intimidate"
 },
 {
  "w": "physique",
  "uk": "/fɪˈziːk/",
  "us": "/fɪˈziːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "体格；体形",
    "en": "The size, shape, and strength of a person's body."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Regular swimming helped Lena develop a strong physique.",
    "zh": "经常游泳帮助莉娜练就了强健的体格。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although physique can influence athletic performance, consistent training and mental preparation are equally important.",
    "zh": "虽然体格会影响运动表现，但持续训练和心理准备同样重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "muscular physique｜肌肉发达的体格",
   "slim physique｜纤细的体形",
   "powerful physique｜强壮的体格"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "build"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可用于任何性别，常与描述体形的形容词搭配。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "physique"
 },
 {
  "w": "deafen",
  "uk": "/ˈdefən/",
  "us": "/ˈdefən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使听不见；震聋",
    "en": "To make someone unable to hear, temporarily or permanently."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sudden blast of the horn nearly deafened me.",
    "zh": "突然响起的喇叭声差点把我震聋了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged exposure to loud industrial machinery can deafen workers unless effective hearing protection is consistently provided.",
    "zh": "如果不能持续提供有效的听力防护，长期接触高噪声工业机械可能使工人失聪。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be deafened by｜被……震得听不见",
   "almost deafen someone｜几乎把某人震聋",
   "deafening noise｜震耳欲聋的噪声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deaf (adj.)",
   "deafness (n.)",
   "deafening (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指使人听不见，不指给房间做隔音。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deafen"
 },
 {
  "w": "analogue",
  "uk": "/ˈænəlɒɡ/",
  "us": "/ˈænəlɔːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "类似物；对应物",
    "en": "something similar to another thing in function or structure"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "模拟式的；非数字的",
    "en": "using continuously varying signals rather than digital information"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This wooden model is an analogue of the bridge.",
    "zh": "这个木制模型是那座桥的对应模型。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers use a mechanical analogue of the human heart to investigate how blood flows through damaged valves.",
    "zh": "研究人员利用模拟人类心脏的机械装置，研究血液如何流经受损的瓣膜。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "analogue of something｜某物的类似物",
   "analogue signal｜模拟信号",
   "analogue clock｜指针式时钟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "analogous (adj.)",
   "analogy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "counterpart",
   "equivalent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词指对应物；形容词指模拟式，区别于digital。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "analogue"
 },
 {
  "w": "franchise",
  "uk": "/ˈfræntʃaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈfræntʃaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "特许经营权；加盟店",
    "en": "permission to trade under another company's name, or that business"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "选举权",
    "en": "the legal right to vote in elections"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "授予特许经营权",
    "en": "to let others operate businesses using your company's name"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt bought a franchise and opened a bakery.",
    "zh": "我姑姑买下特许经营权，开了一家面包店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Operating a franchise allows entrepreneurs to use an established business model, but often limits their independence.",
    "zh": "特许经营让创业者能够采用成熟的商业模式，但往往也限制了他们的自主权。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "buy a franchise｜购买特许经营权",
   "franchise agreement｜特许经营协议",
   "franchise fee｜加盟费",
   "extend the franchise｜扩大选举权范围"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "franchisee (n.)",
   "franchisor (n.)",
   "franchising (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "商业语境指特许经营；the franchise也指选举权。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "franchise"
 },
 {
  "w": "mechanically",
  "uk": "/məˈkænɪkli/",
  "us": "/məˈkænɪkli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "用机械；机械方面地",
    "en": "Using machinery, or relating to how a machine works"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "机械地；不假思索地",
    "en": "Without conscious thought, interest, or feeling"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The apples are sorted mechanically before workers pack them.",
    "zh": "这些苹果先由机器分拣，再由工人装箱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who repeat information mechanically may struggle to apply their knowledge to unfamiliar situations.",
    "zh": "机械重复信息的学生，可能难以将所学知识应用于陌生情境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mechanically operated｜机械驱动的",
   "mechanically sound｜机械状况良好的",
   "repeat mechanically｜机械地重复"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mechanical (adj.)",
   "mechanic (n.)",
   "mechanism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "automatically"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指通过机械，也可指做事不动脑筋。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mechanically"
 },
 {
  "w": "innovate",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnəveɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnəveɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "创新；革新",
    "en": "To introduce new ideas, methods, or products"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our bakery continues to innovate with unusual bread flavours.",
    "zh": "我们这家面包店不断创新，推出口味独特的面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies that innovate successfully can improve productivity while responding more effectively to changing consumer needs.",
    "zh": "成功创新的企业能够提高生产率，同时更有效地回应不断变化的消费者需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "continue to innovate｜持续创新",
   "innovate in healthcare｜在医疗领域创新",
   "ability to innovate｜创新能力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "innovation (n.)",
   "innovative (adj.)",
   "innovator (n.)",
   "innovatively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常作不及物动词；innovate in后接创新领域。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "innovate"
 },
 {
  "w": "stimulation",
  "uk": "/ˌstɪmjuˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌstɪmjuˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "激发；刺激",
    "en": "something that encourages mental, physical, or biological activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "促进；推动",
    "en": "the process of encouraging growth or increased activity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our dog needs daily walks and plenty of mental stimulation.",
    "zh": "我们的狗每天都需要散步，还需要充分的动脑活动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early childhood programmes should provide appropriate sensory stimulation to support healthy brain development and learning.",
    "zh": "幼儿教育项目应提供适当的感官刺激，以支持健康的大脑发育和学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mental stimulation｜智力刺激",
   "sensory stimulation｜感官刺激",
   "electrical stimulation｜电刺激",
   "economic stimulation｜经济刺激"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stimulate (v.)",
   "stimulating (adj.)",
   "stimulus (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；stimulus指具体刺激因素。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stimulation"
 },
 {
  "w": "lapse",
  "uk": "/læps/",
  "us": "/læps/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疏忽；短暂失误",
    "en": "a brief failure of attention, judgment, or memory"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "时间间隔",
    "en": "a period of time between two events"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "到期失效；终止",
    "en": "to end because something has not been renewed or maintained"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A brief lapse in concentration made me miss my stop.",
    "zh": "我一时走神，坐过了站。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even a minor lapse in judgment can undermine public confidence in the management of essential services.",
    "zh": "即使是轻微的判断失误，也可能削弱公众对基本公共服务管理的信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a lapse in concentration｜一时走神",
   "a lapse of judgment｜判断失误",
   "a time lapse｜时间间隔",
   "let a policy lapse｜任保单到期失效"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "oversight",
   "slip"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "失误常用a lapse in；时间间隔用a lapse of。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lapse"
 },
 {
  "w": "utility",
  "uk": "/juːˈtɪləti/",
  "us": "/juːˈtɪləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实用性；效用",
    "en": "the usefulness of something for a particular purpose"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公用事业；公共服务",
    "en": "an essential service such as water, gas, or electricity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实用程序；工具软件",
    "en": "a computer program that performs a specific practical task"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This folding table offers real utility in our tiny kitchen.",
    "zh": "这张折叠桌在我们的小厨房里确实很实用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable access to basic utilities is essential for improving public health and supporting economic development in rural communities.",
    "zh": "稳定获得基本公共服务，对于改善农村社区的公共卫生和支持经济发展至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "practical utility｜实际用途",
   "public utilities｜公用事业",
   "utility bills｜水电燃气账单",
   "utility company｜公用事业公司"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "utilise (v.)",
   "utilisation (n.)",
   "utilitarian (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "usefulness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uselessness"
  ],
  "tip": "“效用”通常不可数；水电燃气等服务常用utilities。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "utility"
 },
 {
  "w": "premature",
  "uk": "/ˈpremətʃə/",
  "us": "/ˌpriːməˈtʃʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "过早的；时机未到的",
    "en": "happening before the expected or appropriate time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "早产的",
    "en": "born before the usual length of pregnancy is complete"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our celebration was premature; the match wasn't over yet.",
    "zh": "我们庆祝得太早了，比赛还没结束。"
   },
   {
    "en": "It would be premature to conclude that the policy has succeeded without examining its long-term effects.",
    "zh": "在考察这项政策的长期影响之前，就断定它已取得成功，为时尚早。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a premature baby｜早产儿",
   "premature death｜过早死亡",
   "premature ageing｜过早衰老",
   "premature to conclude｜下结论为时过早"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prematurely (adv.)",
   "prematurity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "early",
   "untimely"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "premature强调过早；immature常指不成熟。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "premature"
 },
 {
  "w": "cavern",
  "uk": "/ˈkævən/",
  "us": "/ˈkævərn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大洞穴；大山洞",
    "en": "A large natural underground cave."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our torches revealed a deep pool inside the cavern.",
    "zh": "手电筒照出了大洞穴里的一潭深水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tourism within a limestone cavern must be carefully managed to protect fragile formations and underground habitats.",
    "zh": "石灰岩洞穴内的旅游活动必须受到妥善管理，以保护脆弱的岩层构造和地下栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a limestone cavern｜石灰岩洞穴",
   "an underground cavern｜地下大洞穴",
   "explore a cavern｜探索洞穴"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cavernous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cave"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "cavern是大洞穴；酒馆是tavern。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cavern"
 },
 {
  "w": "partition",
  "uk": "/pɑːˈtɪʃən/",
  "us": "/pɑːrˈtɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "隔墙；隔板",
    "en": "A wall or screen that divides a space into sections."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分割；分治",
    "en": "The division of a country or area into separate parts."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分隔；划分",
    "en": "To divide a space or area into separate sections."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A wooden partition separates our kitchen from the dining area.",
    "zh": "一道木隔板将我们的厨房与用餐区隔开。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Movable partitions allow schools to adapt classroom spaces for group discussions, independent study, and larger community events.",
    "zh": "可移动隔墙让学校能够调整教室空间，以满足小组讨论、自主学习和较大型社区活动的需要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a glass partition｜玻璃隔墙",
   "a partition wall｜隔断墙",
   "partition off｜隔开",
   "the partition of a country｜国家的分治"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "divider",
   "divide"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "partition off指隔出空间，如隔出一间办公室。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "partition"
 },
 {
  "w": "predecessor",
  "uk": "/ˈpriːdɪsesə/",
  "us": "/ˈpredəsesər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "前任",
    "en": "Someone who held a particular position before another person."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "前身；上一代产品",
    "en": "Something that existed before and was replaced by something similar."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My predecessor left some helpful notes in the desk.",
    "zh": "我的前任在桌子里留下了一些有用的笔记。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The new transport system uses less energy than its predecessor while carrying substantially more passengers.",
    "zh": "新的交通系统比其前身能耗更低，同时运载的乘客大幅增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an immediate predecessor｜直接前任",
   "a predecessor in office｜职位上的前任",
   "replace its predecessor｜取代其前身"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "forerunner"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "successor"
  ],
  "tip": "指某职位的前任或事物的前身，不泛指所有前辈。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "predecessor"
 },
 {
  "w": "feudalism",
  "uk": "/ˈfjuːdəlɪzəm/",
  "us": "/ˈfjuːdəlɪzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "封建制度",
    "en": "A system exchanging land rights for service and loyalty to lords."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our guide explained feudalism as we explored the castle.",
    "zh": "我们参观城堡时，导游讲解了封建制度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Under feudalism, access to land shaped social relationships and reinforced the power of hereditary ruling groups.",
    "zh": "在封建制度下，土地的获取决定了社会关系，并巩固了世袭统治集团的权力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "under feudalism｜在封建制度下",
   "the decline of feudalism｜封建制度的衰落",
   "European feudalism｜欧洲封建制度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "feudal (adj.)",
   "feudalist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；常用于讨论中世纪欧洲的土地与效忠关系。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "feudalism"
 },
 {
  "w": "corrode",
  "uk": "/kəˈrəʊd/",
  "us": "/kəˈroʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "腐蚀；被腐蚀",
    "en": "To gradually damage material chemically, or become damaged this way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逐渐损害；侵蚀",
    "en": "To gradually weaken something such as trust or confidence."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Salt water has corroded the metal hinges on our gate.",
    "zh": "盐水腐蚀了我们大门上的金属铰链。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A lack of transparency can corrode public trust in institutions and reduce participation in democratic processes.",
    "zh": "缺乏透明度会逐渐损害公众对机构的信任，并降低公众参与民主进程的意愿。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "corrode metal｜腐蚀金属",
   "corrode trust｜侵蚀信任",
   "badly corroded pipes｜严重腐蚀的管道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "corrosion (n.)",
   "corrosive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "eat away",
   "erode"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可及物也可不及物；rust主要指铁生锈。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "corrode"
 },
 {
  "w": "chant",
  "uk": "/tʃɑːnt/",
  "us": "/tʃænt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "反复呼喊的口号；吟唱",
    "en": "words or sounds repeated rhythmically, often by a group"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "反复呼喊；吟唱",
    "en": "to repeat words rhythmically or sing on a few notes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "圣歌；吟诵曲",
    "en": "a religious song using a small range of notes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The crowd repeated a chant as the runners approached.",
    "zh": "跑步选手接近时，人群反复高喊着口号。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Supporters often chant together during sporting events, creating a sense of shared identity and belonging.",
    "zh": "支持者常在体育赛事中齐声呼喊，营造共同的身份认同和归属感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chant slogans｜反复呼喊口号",
   "a rhythmic chant｜有节奏的吟唱",
   "a religious chant｜宗教吟诵曲"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不限于圣歌，也常指人群有节奏地反复喊口号。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chant"
 },
 {
  "w": "municipal",
  "uk": "/mjuːˈnɪsɪpəl/",
  "us": "/mjuːˈnɪsɪpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "市政的；市政府的",
    "en": "Relating to a town or city and its government."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The municipal swimming pool opens early on Saturdays.",
    "zh": "市立游泳池每逢周六很早就开放。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in municipal services can improve public health and reduce inequality in rapidly growing cities.",
    "zh": "投资市政服务可以改善快速发展城市的公共卫生状况，并减少不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "municipal government｜市政府",
   "municipal services｜市政服务",
   "municipal waste｜城市垃圾"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "municipality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调城镇政府管理的事务，不等于所有城市事物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "municipal"
 },
 {
  "w": "dungeon",
  "uk": "/ˈdʌndʒən/",
  "us": "/ˈdʌndʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地牢",
    "en": "a dark underground prison, especially beneath a castle"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We explored the castle's cold dungeon with a guide.",
    "zh": "我们跟着导游参观了城堡里阴冷的地牢。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving a medieval dungeon can help museums illustrate how imprisonment and justice have changed over time.",
    "zh": "保护中世纪地牢可以帮助博物馆展示监禁方式和司法制度随时间发生的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "castle dungeon｜城堡地牢",
   "dark dungeon｜阴暗的地牢",
   "escape from a dungeon｜逃出地牢"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指城堡地下的阴暗牢房，不是普通地下室。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dungeon"
 },
 {
  "w": "dismay",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈmeɪ/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈmeɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "惊愕；沮丧",
    "en": "Shock and disappointment caused by something unexpected and unpleasant."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使惊愕；使沮丧",
    "en": "To make someone feel shocked and disappointed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "To my dismay, the cake collapsed in the oven.",
    "zh": "令我沮丧的是，蛋糕在烤箱里塌了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents expressed dismay at plans to replace their local park with a large commercial development.",
    "zh": "对于将当地公园改建成大型商业项目的计划，居民们表示震惊和失望。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "to someone's dismay｜令某人沮丧的是",
   "express dismay｜表达失望",
   "be dismayed at｜对……感到惊愕沮丧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dismayed (adj.)",
   "dismaying (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "consternation",
   "distress"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "delight"
  ],
  "tip": "名词通常不可数；to one's dismay意为令人沮丧的是。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dismay"
 },
 {
  "w": "compress",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpres/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpres/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "压缩；压紧",
    "en": "Press something into a smaller space or reduce its size"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "精简；浓缩",
    "en": "Make information shorter while keeping its main content"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She compressed the blankets into a small storage bag.",
    "zh": "她把毯子压紧，装进了一个小收纳袋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital tools can compress large files, allowing students with limited internet access to download educational materials more easily.",
    "zh": "数字工具可以压缩大文件，让网络条件有限的学生更方便地下载学习资料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "compress a file｜压缩文件",
   "compress air｜压缩空气",
   "compress into｜压缩成"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compression (n.)",
   "compressed (adj.)",
   "compressible (adj.)",
   "compressor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "squeeze",
   "condense"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "expand"
  ],
  "tip": "动词重音在后；名词“敷布”重音在前。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "compress"
 },
 {
  "w": "ascribe",
  "uk": "/əˈskraɪb/",
  "us": "/əˈskraɪb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把…归因于",
    "en": "To consider something to be caused by a particular factor"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "认为…具有；认定出自",
    "en": "To assign a quality, work, or statement to someone"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I ascribe my better sleep to regular evening walks.",
    "zh": "我认为睡眠改善得益于每晚定时散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should not ascribe differences in academic performance solely to individual effort without considering social circumstances.",
    "zh": "研究人员不应在未考虑社会环境的情况下，将学业表现的差异完全归因于个人努力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ascribe success to｜将成功归因于",
   "ascribe importance to｜认为…重要",
   "ascribe a work to｜认定作品出自"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ascription (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "attribute"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "固定结构ascribe A to B：把A归因于B。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ascribe"
 },
 {
  "w": "bout",
  "uk": "/baʊt/",
  "us": "/baʊt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一阵；一次发作",
    "en": "A short period of illness or intense activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拳击或摔跤比赛",
    "en": "A boxing or wrestling contest"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A bout of flu kept me home all week.",
    "zh": "一场流感让我整周都待在家里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular exercise may help reduce bouts of anxiety and improve overall mental health among university students.",
    "zh": "规律运动可能有助于减少大学生的焦虑发作，并改善整体心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bout of flu｜一次流感",
   "a bout of coughing｜一阵咳嗽",
   "a boxing bout｜一场拳击赛"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "spell",
   "episode"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "一阵病痛或活动用a bout of；也指拳击等比赛。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bout"
 },
 {
  "w": "renaissance",
  "uk": "/rɪˈneɪsəns/",
  "us": "/ˈrenəsɑːns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "复兴；重新繁荣",
    "en": "a period of renewed interest, activity, or success"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文艺复兴时期",
    "en": "the European period of renewed classical learning and artistic development"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our local theatre is enjoying a renaissance this summer.",
    "zh": "今年夏天，我们当地的剧院再度焕发生机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public galleries could encourage a cultural renaissance in cities affected by industrial decline.",
    "zh": "投资公共美术馆可能推动受工业衰退影响的城市实现文化复兴。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cultural renaissance｜文化复兴",
   "enjoy a renaissance｜迎来复兴",
   "the Renaissance｜文艺复兴时期"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "revival",
   "renewal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "decline"
  ],
  "tip": "指历史上的文艺复兴时通常大写并加the。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "renaissance"
 },
 {
  "w": "hereditary",
  "uk": "/həˈredɪtəri/",
  "us": "/həˈredɪteri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "遗传的",
    "en": "Passed from parents to children through genes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "世袭的",
    "en": "Passed within a family by established right or tradition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor asked whether the condition might be hereditary.",
    "zh": "医生询问这种病是否可能具有遗传性。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Genetic counselling can help families understand hereditary conditions and make informed decisions about their healthcare.",
    "zh": "遗传咨询可以帮助家庭了解遗传性疾病，并对医疗保健作出知情决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hereditary disease｜遗传病",
   "hereditary condition｜遗传性疾病",
   "hereditary title｜世袭头衔",
   "hereditary monarchy｜世袭君主制"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "heredity (n.)",
   "inherit (v.)",
   "inheritance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inherited"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "acquired"
  ],
  "tip": "可指基因遗传，也可指头衔世袭；遗传不等于传染。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hereditary"
 },
 {
  "w": "epoch",
  "uk": "/ˈiːpɒk/",
  "us": "/ˈepək/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "时代；纪元",
    "en": "a period of history marked by distinctive events or changes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "世（地质时间单位）",
    "en": "a division of geological time within a period"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These old photographs capture an epoch of rapid change.",
    "zh": "这些老照片记录了一个迅速变革的时代。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The development of agriculture marked a new epoch in human history, transforming settlement patterns and social organisation.",
    "zh": "农业的发展标志着人类历史进入了一个新时代，改变了聚居模式和社会组织形式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a new epoch｜新时代",
   "a historical epoch｜历史时期",
   "mark an epoch｜标志一个时代的开启"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "epochal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "era",
   "age"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比 period 更强调时代特征；地质学中译为“世”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "epoch"
 },
 {
  "w": "imperialist",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpɪəriəlɪst/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpɪriəlɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "帝国主义者",
    "en": "Someone who supports extending a country's power over other countries."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "帝国主义的",
    "en": "Supporting or involving a country's control over other countries."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The novel portrays the governor as an ambitious imperialist.",
    "zh": "这部小说把总督描绘成一个野心勃勃的帝国主义者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historians examine how imperialist policies reshaped local economies and weakened political independence in colonised regions.",
    "zh": "历史学家研究帝国主义政策如何重塑当地经济，并削弱殖民地区的政治独立性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "imperialist expansion｜帝国主义扩张",
   "imperialist policies｜帝国主义政策",
   "an imperialist power｜帝国主义强国"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "imperialism (n.)",
   "imperial (adj.)",
   "empire (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "anti-imperialist"
  ],
  "tip": "既可作名词指人，也可作形容词修饰政策或国家。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "imperialist"
 },
 {
  "w": "sly",
  "uk": "/slaɪ/",
  "us": "/slaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "狡猾的；诡秘的",
    "en": "Secretive and clever, often to gain an unfair advantage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "会意的；暗自得意的",
    "en": "Showing secret amusement or knowledge."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sly cat stole a biscuit while I turned away.",
    "zh": "我一转身，那只狡猾的猫就偷走了一块饼干。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sly attempts to hide additional charges can damage consumer trust and harm a company's reputation.",
    "zh": "偷偷隐瞒额外费用的做法会损害消费者的信任，并伤及公司的声誉。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sly smile｜会意的微笑",
   "sly glance｜诡秘的一瞥",
   "on the sly｜偷偷地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "slyly (adv.)",
   "slyness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cunning",
   "crafty"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "straightforward"
  ],
  "tip": "on the sly是固定短语，意为偷偷地。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sly"
 },
 {
  "w": "ascent",
  "uk": "/əˈsent/",
  "us": "/əˈsent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "攀登；上升",
    "en": "the act of climbing or moving upwards"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "地位提升；崛起",
    "en": "a rise to a higher position, rank, or level"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "上坡路",
    "en": "a path or slope that leads upwards"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We began our ascent just as the sun rose.",
    "zh": "太阳刚升起，我们就开始攀登。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The rapid ascent of renewable energy reflects both technological progress and stronger public support for environmental protection.",
    "zh": "可再生能源的迅速崛起既反映了技术进步，也体现了公众对环境保护更有力的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a steep ascent｜陡峭的上坡路",
   "make an ascent｜进行攀登",
   "ascent to power｜掌权之路"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ascend (v.)",
   "ascending (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "climb",
   "rise"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "descent"
  ],
  "tip": "ascent指上升；同音词assent指同意。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ascent"
 },
 {
  "w": "youthful",
  "uk": "/ˈjuːθfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈjuːθfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "年轻的；有青春活力的",
    "en": "Looking young or showing the energy and qualities of youth."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather still has a youthful smile and boundless energy.",
    "zh": "我祖父依然笑容年轻，精力充沛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A youthful workforce can bring fresh ideas, while experienced employees contribute valuable practical knowledge.",
    "zh": "年轻的员工队伍能带来新想法，而经验丰富的员工则贡献宝贵的实践知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "youthful appearance｜年轻的外貌",
   "youthful energy｜青春活力",
   "youthful enthusiasm｜年轻人的热情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "youth (n.)",
   "youthfully (adv.)",
   "youthfulness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "young"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "aged"
  ],
  "tip": "youthful常形容显年轻或有活力，不一定年龄小。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "youthful"
 },
 {
  "w": "cosmopolitan",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒzməˈpɒlɪtən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːzməˈpɑːlɪtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多国文化交融的；国际化的",
    "en": "Including people and cultural influences from many different countries."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "见多识广的；具有国际视野的",
    "en": "Familiar with and comfortable in different countries and cultures."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our cosmopolitan neighbourhood has restaurants serving food from many countries.",
    "zh": "我们这个国际化社区有供应各国美食的餐馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cosmopolitan cities can encourage cultural exchange by creating shared spaces where residents from different backgrounds regularly interact.",
    "zh": "国际化城市可以通过创建共享空间，让不同背景的居民经常交流，从而促进文化交流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cosmopolitan city｜国际化城市",
   "cosmopolitan population｜来自世界各地的居民",
   "cosmopolitan outlook｜国际化视野"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cosmopolitanism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "international",
   "multicultural"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常形容城市或人，强调多元文化，而非单指全球范围。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cosmopolitan"
 },
 {
  "w": "quicken",
  "uk": "/ˈkwɪkən/",
  "us": "/ˈkwɪkən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "加快；使加速",
    "en": "Become faster, or make something happen faster."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I quickened my pace when the rain started.",
    "zh": "开始下雨时，我加快了脚步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved transport links can quicken the pace of economic development by connecting rural producers with urban markets.",
    "zh": "改善交通联系可以将农村生产者与城市市场连接起来，从而加快经济发展的步伐。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "quicken your pace｜加快脚步",
   "quicken the pulse｜使脉搏加快",
   "quicken the process｜加快进程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "quick (adj.)",
   "quickly (adv.)",
   "quickness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "accelerate",
   "speed up"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "decelerate",
   "slow down"
  ],
  "tip": "可及物或不及物，常搭配pace、pulse。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quicken"
 },
 {
  "w": "republican",
  "uk": "/rɪˈpʌblɪkən/",
  "us": "/rɪˈpʌblɪkən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "共和政体的；共和主义的",
    "en": "Supporting government without a monarch, usually through elected representatives"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "共和主义者",
    "en": "Someone who supports a republic rather than a monarchy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle often discusses republican ideas over dinner.",
    "zh": "我叔叔常在晚餐时谈论共和主义思想。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A republican constitution typically establishes a head of state whose position is not inherited through a royal family.",
    "zh": "共和制宪法通常规定，国家元首的职位不通过王室世袭。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "republican government｜共和制政府",
   "republican ideals｜共和主义理想",
   "republican constitution｜共和制宪法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "republic (n.)",
   "republicanism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "monarchist"
  ],
  "tip": "小写指共和主义；大写常指特定共和党。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "republican"
 },
 {
  "w": "contrive",
  "uk": "/kənˈtraɪv/",
  "us": "/kənˈtraɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "设法做到",
    "en": "to manage to do something difficult or unexpected"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "巧妙谋划；设计",
    "en": "to create or arrange something through clever planning"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We contrived to fit every suitcase into the tiny car.",
    "zh": "我们设法把所有行李箱都塞进了那辆小汽车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Despite limited funding, the research team contrived to develop an affordable device for monitoring water quality.",
    "zh": "尽管资金有限，研究团队仍设法开发出一种价格低廉的水质监测设备。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contrive to do something｜设法做成某事",
   "contrive a way｜想出办法",
   "contrive a plan｜巧妙制定计划"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contrivance (n.)",
   "contrived (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "manage",
   "devise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "contrive to do表示设法做到；contrived常指刻意不自然。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contrive"
 },
 {
  "w": "furnace",
  "uk": "/ˈfɜːnɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈfɝːnɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "熔炉；工业炉",
    "en": "An enclosed structure producing intense heat for industrial processes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "暖气炉",
    "en": "A device that heats air or water to warm a building."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched molten metal pour from the glowing furnace.",
    "zh": "我们看着熔化的金属从炽热的熔炉中倾泻而出。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing an inefficient furnace can reduce household energy consumption and lower heating costs during winter.",
    "zh": "更换低效的暖气炉可以减少家庭能源消耗，并降低冬季取暖费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a blast furnace｜高炉",
   "an electric furnace｜电炉",
   "a gas furnace｜燃气炉"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "工业语境指熔炉；美式家居语境常指暖气炉。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "furnace"
 },
 {
  "w": "approximation",
  "uk": "/əˌprɒksɪˈmeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/əˌprɑːksɪˈmeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "近似值；粗略估计",
    "en": "An estimate that is close to the exact value."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "近似物；近似表现",
    "en": "Something similar to another thing but not exactly the same."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My budget is only a rough approximation of the cost.",
    "zh": "我的预算只是对费用的粗略估计。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Computer models provide an approximation of future climate conditions rather than a precise prediction of every change.",
    "zh": "计算机模型提供的是对未来气候状况的近似估计，而非对每一次变化的精确预测。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a rough approximation｜粗略估计",
   "a close approximation｜非常接近的估计或模拟",
   "a reasonable approximation｜合理的近似估计"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "approximate (v.)",
   "approximate (adj.)",
   "approximately (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "estimate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用an approximation of；强调接近但并不精确。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "approximation"
 },
 {
  "w": "thereafter",
  "uk": "/ˌðeərˈɑːftə/",
  "us": "/ˌðerˈæftər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "此后；从那以后",
    "en": "After the time or event just mentioned"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop opened in spring and closed shortly thereafter.",
    "zh": "这家店春天开业，不久后就关门了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The city introduced stricter vehicle standards, and air quality improved steadily in the years thereafter.",
    "zh": "该市实施了更严格的车辆标准，此后几年空气质量持续改善。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shortly thereafter｜不久之后",
   "soon thereafter｜随后不久",
   "for years thereafter｜此后多年"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "afterwards",
   "subsequently"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "beforehand"
  ],
  "tip": "正式用语，指前文时间点之后；日常常用after that。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thereafter"
 },
 {
  "w": "alloy",
  "uk": "/ˈælɔɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈælɔɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "合金",
    "en": "A metal made by combining metals or adding other elements."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使成合金",
    "en": "To combine a metal with another element."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This bicycle frame is made from a lightweight alloy.",
    "zh": "这辆自行车的车架由轻质合金制成。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers are developing stronger alloys to reduce vehicle weight and improve fuel efficiency.",
    "zh": "工程师正在开发更坚固的合金，以减轻车辆重量并提高燃油效率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "aluminium alloy｜铝合金",
   "lightweight alloy｜轻质合金",
   "alloy steel｜合金钢"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在前；动词常读/əˈlɔɪ/。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alloy"
 },
 {
  "w": "estuary",
  "uk": "/ˈestʃuəri/",
  "us": "/ˈestʃueri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "河口；河口湾",
    "en": "The wide tidal mouth of a river meeting the sea."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched birds feeding beside the estuary at sunset.",
    "zh": "日落时，我们在河口旁看鸟儿觅食。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting an estuary preserves important feeding grounds for migratory birds and supports the livelihoods of local fishing communities.",
    "zh": "保护河口能保留候鸟重要的觅食地，并维系当地渔业社区的生计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a river estuary｜河口",
   "estuary wildlife｜河口野生生物",
   "a tidal estuary｜潮汐河口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "estuarine (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "river mouth"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调受潮汐影响的入海河口，不等于delta三角洲。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "estuary"
 },
 {
  "w": "preface",
  "uk": "/ˈprefəs/",
  "us": "/ˈprefəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "前言；序言",
    "en": "An introductory section explaining a book's purpose or background."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "以…作为开场白",
    "en": "To introduce something by saying or writing something beforehand."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The author explains her inspiration in the book's preface.",
    "zh": "作者在这本书的前言中解释了她的创作灵感。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In the preface, the researchers explain how their personal experiences influenced the questions explored throughout the book.",
    "zh": "研究人员在前言中解释了个人经历如何影响全书探讨的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the preface｜在前言中",
   "write a preface｜撰写前言",
   "preface remarks with｜以…作为讲话的开场白"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prefatory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "introduction"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "书的preface通常由作者写；foreword常由他人撰写。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "preface"
 },
 {
  "w": "defective",
  "uk": "/dɪˈfektɪv/",
  "us": "/dɪˈfektɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有缺陷的；有故障的",
    "en": "Having a fault that prevents something from working properly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop replaced my defective kettle without any fuss.",
    "zh": "商店很爽快地换掉了我那只有故障的水壶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Manufacturers should recall defective products promptly to protect consumers and maintain public confidence in safety standards.",
    "zh": "制造商应及时召回有缺陷的产品，以保护消费者并维持公众对安全标准的信心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "defective product｜有缺陷的产品",
   "defective equipment｜有故障的设备",
   "defective wiring｜有问题的线路"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "defect (n.)",
   "defectively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "faulty",
   "flawed"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常形容产品、零件或系统有缺陷，不能正常运作。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "defective"
 },
 {
  "w": "decipher",
  "uk": "/dɪˈsaɪfə/",
  "us": "/dɪˈsaɪfər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "辨认；解读；破译",
    "en": "work out the meaning of unclear writing or coded information"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Can you decipher the handwriting on this old postcard?",
    "zh": "你能辨认出这张旧明信片上的字迹吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers used advanced imaging techniques to decipher damaged manuscripts and gain insights into ancient societies.",
    "zh": "研究人员运用先进成像技术解读受损手稿，深入了解古代社会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "decipher a code｜破译密码",
   "decipher handwriting｜辨认笔迹",
   "decipher a message｜解读信息"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "decipherable (adj.)",
   "indecipherable (adj.)",
   "decipherment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "decode",
   "interpret"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "encode"
  ],
  "tip": "只作动词；既可指破译密码，也可指辨认潦草字迹。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "decipher"
 },
 {
  "w": "authoritative",
  "uk": "/ɔːˈθɒrɪtətɪv/",
  "us": "/əˈθɔːrəteɪtɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "权威的；可信的",
    "en": "Trusted as accurate because of expert knowledge."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有威信的；有权威感的",
    "en": "Showing confidence and an ability to command respect."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This gardening guide offers authoritative advice on growing vegetables.",
    "zh": "这本园艺指南提供了种植蔬菜的权威建议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should consult authoritative sources when evaluating health claims shared widely through social media platforms.",
    "zh": "学生评估社交媒体平台上广泛传播的健康说法时，应查阅权威资料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an authoritative source｜权威来源",
   "authoritative advice｜权威建议",
   "an authoritative tone｜威严的语气",
   "an authoritative account｜权威论述"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "authority (n.)",
   "authoritatively (adv.)",
   "authoritativeness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reliable",
   "commanding"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "勿混authoritarian：后者指专制的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "authoritative"
 },
 {
  "w": "universally",
  "uk": "/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəli/",
  "us": "/ˌjuːnɪˈvɝːsəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "普遍地；全体一致地",
    "en": "by everyone or in every place or situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her homemade cakes are universally loved by our neighbours.",
    "zh": "我们邻居都很喜欢她自制的蛋糕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although education is universally recognised as valuable, access to quality schooling remains unequal across regions.",
    "zh": "尽管教育的价值获得普遍认可，各地区获得优质学校教育的机会仍不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "universally accepted｜普遍接受的",
   "universally recognised｜公认的",
   "universally available｜人人均可获得的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "universal (adj.)",
   "universality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "语气强于generally，常强调人人或处处如此。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "universally"
 },
 {
  "w": "reticent",
  "uk": "/ˈretɪsənt/",
  "us": "/ˈretɪsənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "寡言的；不愿透露的",
    "en": "unwilling to talk openly about your thoughts or feelings"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He was reticent about his plans for the weekend.",
    "zh": "他不愿多谈自己的周末计划。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees may remain reticent about workplace problems if they fear that speaking openly could damage their careers.",
    "zh": "如果担心坦率发言会损害职业发展，员工可能不愿谈及工作场所的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reticent about personal matters｜不愿谈论私事",
   "remain reticent｜保持缄默",
   "a reticent person｜寡言的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reticence (n.)",
   "reticently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reserved",
   "uncommunicative"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "forthcoming",
   "talkative"
  ],
  "tip": "侧重不愿开口或透露信息，不等于一般的不情愿。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reticent"
 },
 {
  "w": "offspring",
  "uk": "/ˈɒfsprɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːfsprɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "子女；后代；幼崽",
    "en": "The children or young of a person, animal, or plant."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mother duck led her offspring safely across the path.",
    "zh": "鸭妈妈带着小鸭们安全地穿过小路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many species invest considerable energy in protecting their offspring, which increases the young animals' chances of survival.",
    "zh": "许多物种投入大量精力保护后代，从而提高幼崽的存活机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "produce offspring｜繁育后代",
   "protect their offspring｜保护它们的幼崽",
   "healthy offspring｜健康的后代"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "progeny",
   "young"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单复数同形；谈人的子女时比children正式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "offspring"
 },
 {
  "w": "firmness",
  "uk": "/ˈfɜːmnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈfɜːrmnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "坚实；硬度",
    "en": "the quality of resisting pressure rather than being soft"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "坚定；坚决",
    "en": "the quality of staying determined and not easily changing decisions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Press the mattress gently to check its firmness.",
    "zh": "轻轻按压床垫，检查它的软硬程度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can maintain classroom discipline through calm firmness without discouraging students from expressing their opinions openly.",
    "zh": "教师可以通过冷静而坚定的态度维持课堂纪律，同时不妨碍学生公开表达意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mattress firmness｜床垫硬度",
   "firmness of purpose｜意志坚定",
   "show firmness｜表现出坚定态度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "firm (adj.)",
   "firmly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "solidity",
   "resolve"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "softness",
   "indecision"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；既可指物体硬实，也可指态度坚定。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "firmness"
 },
 {
  "w": "provoke",
  "uk": "/prəˈvəʊk/",
  "us": "/prəˈvoʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "引起；激起",
    "en": "To cause a reaction, feeling, or event."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "激怒；挑衅",
    "en": "To deliberately make someone angry or likely to react."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The unexpected ending provoked a lively discussion after dinner.",
    "zh": "那个出人意料的结局引发了晚饭后的一场热烈讨论。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Proposals to increase public transport fares often provoke strong criticism from commuters who depend on affordable travel.",
    "zh": "提高公共交通票价的提议常常引发依赖平价出行的通勤者的强烈批评。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "provoke debate｜引发争论",
   "provoke a reaction｜引起反应",
   "provoke criticism｜招致批评",
   "provoke someone into doing something｜激得某人做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "provocation (n.)",
   "provocative (adj.)",
   "provocatively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "trigger",
   "arouse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "provoke不只指激怒，也常指引发讨论或反应。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "provoke"
 },
 {
  "w": "exasperate",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzɑːspəreɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzæspəreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使恼怒；使不耐烦",
    "en": "To make someone extremely annoyed or frustrated."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The printer's constant paper jams exasperate everyone in our office.",
    "zh": "打印机不停卡纸，让办公室里每个人都烦透了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Repeated delays in public transport can exasperate commuters and reduce their willingness to leave cars at home.",
    "zh": "公共交通反复延误会令通勤者恼火，降低他们放弃开车出行的意愿。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exasperate commuters｜使通勤者恼火",
   "exasperate customers｜使顾客不耐烦",
   "feel exasperated｜感到恼火"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exasperation (n.)",
   "exasperated (adj.)",
   "exasperating (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "infuriate",
   "irritate",
   "annoy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "soothe"
  ],
  "tip": "勿混淆exacerbate：后者表示使问题恶化。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exasperate"
 },
 {
  "w": "counter-offer",
  "uk": "/ˈkaʊntərˌɒfə/",
  "us": "/ˈkaʊntərˌɔːfər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "还价；反提议",
    "en": "A different offer made in response to an earlier offer."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The seller rejected our price and made a counter-offer.",
    "zh": "卖家拒绝了我们出的价格，并提出了还价。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers may make a counter-offer when skilled employees announce plans to accept a position elsewhere.",
    "zh": "当技术熟练的员工宣布打算另谋职位时，雇主可能提出新的待遇条件以挽留他们。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a counter-offer｜提出还价",
   "accept a counter-offer｜接受反提议",
   "reject a counter-offer｜拒绝反提议"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "offer (n.)",
   "offer (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可写作counteroffer；不仅指还价，也指修改条件。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "counter-offer"
 },
 {
  "w": "designation",
  "uk": "/ˌdezɪɡˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdezɪɡˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "指定；任命；认定",
    "en": "The act of officially choosing someone or something for a purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "正式名称；称号",
    "en": "An official name or title given to someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her designation as team leader surprised nobody at work.",
    "zh": "她被任命为团队负责人，单位里没有人感到意外。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The designation of coastal wetlands as protected areas can help preserve biodiversity and limit inappropriate development.",
    "zh": "将沿海湿地划定为保护区，有助于保护生物多样性并限制不当开发。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "designation as｜指定为；任命为",
   "official designation｜正式名称；官方认定",
   "job designation｜职位名称"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "designate (v.)",
   "designated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "appointment",
   "title"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "designation as后接身份；也可指正式名称或职称。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "designation"
 },
 {
  "w": "vessel",
  "uk": "/ˈvesəl/",
  "us": "/ˈvesəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "船；舰艇",
    "en": "A ship or large boat."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "血管；脉管",
    "en": "A tube carrying blood or other fluid through a living body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "容器；器皿",
    "en": "A container used to hold liquids."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A large fishing vessel sailed slowly into the harbour.",
    "zh": "一艘大型渔船缓缓驶入港口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Commercial vessels can disturb marine ecosystems through underwater noise, fuel leaks, and the introduction of non-native species.",
    "zh": "商船可能通过水下噪声、燃油泄漏和引入外来物种干扰海洋生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fishing vessel｜渔船",
   "a cargo vessel｜货船",
   "a blood vessel｜血管",
   "a pressure vessel｜压力容器"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "vessel较正式；blood vessel是“血管”，不是船。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vessel"
 },
 {
  "w": "humanities",
  "uk": "/hjuːˈmænətiz/",
  "us": "/hjuːˈmænətiz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人文学科",
    "en": "subjects studying human culture, such as history, literature, and philosophy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She chose humanities because she loves history and literature.",
    "zh": "她选择了人文学科，因为她热爱历史和文学。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studying the humanities can develop critical thinking and help students understand perspectives shaped by different cultures.",
    "zh": "学习人文学科能够培养批判性思维，并帮助学生理解不同文化塑造的观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study the humanities｜学习人文学科",
   "humanities subjects｜人文学科课程",
   "arts and humanities｜艺术与人文学科"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "humanity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "统称学科领域常用the humanities，按复数处理。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "humanities"
 },
 {
  "w": "vegetation",
  "uk": "/ˌvedʒəˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌvedʒəˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "植被；植物群",
    "en": "plants growing together in a particular area"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Thick vegetation hid the narrow path beside the river.",
    "zh": "茂密的植被遮住了河边的狭窄小路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Removing natural vegetation increases soil erosion and reduces the capacity of land to absorb heavy rainfall.",
    "zh": "清除天然植被会加剧水土流失，并降低土地吸收强降雨的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dense vegetation｜茂密的植被",
   "native vegetation｜本土植被",
   "vegetation cover｜植被覆盖",
   "clear vegetation｜清除植被"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vegetative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "plant life"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词，泛指某地区植物，不等于蔬菜。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vegetation"
 },
 {
  "w": "clothe",
  "uk": "/kləʊð/",
  "us": "/kloʊð/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给…穿衣；提供衣物",
    "en": "To dress someone or provide them with clothes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The charity helps feed and clothe families during winter.",
    "zh": "这家慈善机构在冬季帮助家庭解决吃穿问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Low wages can make it difficult for parents to feed and clothe their children adequately.",
    "zh": "低工资可能使父母难以让孩子吃饱穿暖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feed and clothe｜供给衣食",
   "clothe someone in wool｜给某人穿上羊毛衣物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clothes (n.)",
   "clothing (n.)",
   "clothed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dress"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "undress"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式；过去式和过去分词通常为clothed。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clothe"
 },
 {
  "w": "marginal",
  "uk": "/ˈmɑːdʒɪnəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːrdʒɪnəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "微小的；不重要的",
    "en": "very small in amount, effect, or importance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "边缘的；非核心的",
    "en": "outside the main or central part of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "勉强合格的",
    "en": "only just good enough for a particular purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new tyres made only a marginal difference.",
    "zh": "新轮胎带来的变化微乎其微。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Despite substantial investment, the programme produced only marginal improvements in public transport reliability across the city.",
    "zh": "尽管投入了大量资金，该项目对全市公共交通可靠性的改善仍十分有限。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "marginal improvement｜微小改善",
   "marginal difference｜细微差别",
   "marginal role｜次要作用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "marginally (adv.)",
   "marginalise (v.)",
   "marginalisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "slight",
   "minor"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "significant",
   "substantial"
  ],
  "tip": "表示变化时指幅度很小，不是完全没有变化。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "marginal"
 },
 {
  "w": "intellect",
  "uk": "/ˈɪntəlekt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪntəlekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "智力；理解力",
    "en": "The ability to understand ideas, think logically, and solve problems."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "才智出众的人",
    "en": "A person with exceptional intelligence and reasoning ability."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her sharp intellect makes difficult puzzles seem surprisingly easy.",
    "zh": "她思维敏锐，解起难题来显得格外轻松。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Education should develop students' intellect while also nurturing creativity, emotional awareness, and the ability to collaborate.",
    "zh": "教育应发展学生的智力，同时培养创造力、情感意识和协作能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sharp intellect｜敏锐的头脑",
   "a formidable intellect｜非凡的才智",
   "develop the intellect｜发展智力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intellectual (adj.)",
   "intellectual (n.)",
   "intellectually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "intelligence",
   "reason"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "intellect侧重理解与推理能力，不等同于知识。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intellect"
 },
 {
  "w": "ordeal",
  "uk": "/ɔːˈdiːl/",
  "us": "/ɔːrˈdiːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "痛苦的经历；严峻考验",
    "en": "A difficult or frightening experience that lasts for some time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Getting home through the storm was a real ordeal.",
    "zh": "穿过暴风雨回家真是一次痛苦的经历。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For displaced families, finding secure housing can become a prolonged ordeal without adequate public support.",
    "zh": "对于流离失所的家庭，若缺乏充分的公共支持，寻找安全住房可能成为漫长的煎熬。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go through an ordeal｜经历磨难",
   "a traumatic ordeal｜造成心理创伤的经历",
   "a prolonged ordeal｜漫长的煎熬"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "trial"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指令人痛苦或恐惧的经历，不用于普通的小麻烦。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ordeal"
 },
 {
  "w": "underlying",
  "uk": "/ˌʌndəˈlaɪɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌʌndərˈlaɪɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "根本的；潜在的",
    "en": "causing or influencing something without being immediately obvious"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "位于下面的",
    "en": "lying beneath the surface of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic found the underlying cause of the noise.",
    "zh": "机械师找到了异响的根本原因。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Addressing the underlying causes of poverty requires sustained investment in education, healthcare, and secure employment.",
    "zh": "解决贫困的根本原因需要持续投资于教育、医疗和稳定就业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "underlying cause｜根本原因",
   "underlying problem｜潜在问题",
   "underlying assumption｜基本假设",
   "underlying health condition｜基础疾病"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "underlie (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fundamental",
   "basic"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常放在名词前，强调表面现象背后的原因或基础。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "underlying"
 },
 {
  "w": "deformation",
  "uk": "/ˌdiːfɔːˈmeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdiːfɔːrˈmeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "变形；形变",
    "en": "a change in shape caused by pressure or other forces"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The heat caused visible deformation of the plastic lid.",
    "zh": "高温使塑料盖出现了明显变形。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers test building materials to assess their resistance to deformation under heavy loads and extreme temperatures.",
    "zh": "工程师测试建筑材料，以评估其在重载和极端温度下抵抗变形的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plastic deformation｜塑性变形",
   "elastic deformation｜弹性变形",
   "resistance to deformation｜抗变形能力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deform (v.)",
   "deformed (adj.)",
   "deformable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "distortion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调形状改变，不等同于泛指损坏的damage。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deformation"
 },
 {
  "w": "domain",
  "uk": "/dəˈmeɪn/",
  "us": "/doʊˈmeɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领域；范围",
    "en": "a particular area of knowledge, activity, or responsibility"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领地；管辖范围",
    "en": "an area controlled by a particular ruler or authority"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "互联网域",
    "en": "an internet area identified by a shared name"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Electrical repairs are my brother's domain, not mine.",
    "zh": "电器维修是我哥哥擅长的领域，不是我的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental protection should not be regarded as the exclusive domain of scientists, since public participation is essential.",
    "zh": "环境保护不应被视为科学家独有的领域，因为公众参与至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the domain of science｜科学领域",
   "public domain｜公有领域",
   "domain name｜域名",
   "exclusive domain｜专属领域"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "field",
   "sphere",
   "territory"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "领域义近field；in the public domain指公开可用。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "domain"
 },
 {
  "w": "pneumonia",
  "uk": "/njuːˈməʊniə/",
  "us": "/nuːˈmoʊnjə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肺炎",
    "en": "An infection that inflames the lungs and makes breathing difficult."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather stayed in hospital while recovering from pneumonia.",
    "zh": "我爷爷在肺炎康复期间住在医院里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved access to vaccination and timely treatment can reduce deaths from pneumonia, particularly among young children.",
    "zh": "提高疫苗接种的可及性并提供及时治疗，可以减少肺炎死亡，尤其是幼儿的死亡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "develop pneumonia｜患上肺炎",
   "recover from pneumonia｜肺炎康复",
   "bacterial pneumonia｜细菌性肺炎"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "词首p不发音；通常不可数，不说a pneumonia。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pneumonia"
 },
 {
  "w": "swirl",
  "uk": "/swɜːl/",
  "us": "/swɜːrl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "旋转；使打旋",
    "en": "To move, or make something move, in flowing circles."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旋涡；螺旋状图案",
    "en": "A circular movement or a shape that curves around itself."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dry leaves swirled around my feet in the wind.",
    "zh": "干枯的树叶在风中绕着我的脚打转。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Dust can swirl through urban streets during construction, reducing air quality and causing discomfort for nearby residents.",
    "zh": "施工时，灰尘可能在城市街道中盘旋，降低空气质量，并让附近居民感到不适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "swirl around｜绕着打旋",
   "swirl a liquid｜使液体打旋",
   "a swirl of smoke｜一缕盘旋的烟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "swirling (adj.)",
   "swirly (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "whirl",
   "spin"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可作及物或不及物动词，强调流动中的旋转。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "swirl"
 },
 {
  "w": "elicit",
  "uk": "/ɪˈlɪsɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈlɪsɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "引出；诱发",
    "en": "to cause someone to give information or show a reaction"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her unexpected question elicited a smile from the normally quiet guide.",
    "zh": "她出人意料的问题让平时寡言的导游露出了笑容。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can use open questions to elicit detailed responses and encourage independent thinking in the classroom.",
    "zh": "教师可以用开放式问题引导学生详细回答，并鼓励他们在课堂上独立思考。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "elicit a response｜引出回应",
   "elicit information｜获取信息",
   "elicit sympathy｜引起同情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "elicitation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "evoke",
   "draw out"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常接response等宾语；勿与illicit（非法的）混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elicit"
 },
 {
  "w": "mast",
  "uk": "/mɑːst/",
  "us": "/mæst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "桅杆",
    "en": "A tall upright pole supporting sails on a boat"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天线塔；天线杆",
    "en": "A tall structure supporting equipment that sends or receives signals"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A white sail fluttered high on the wooden mast.",
    "zh": "一面白帆在木桅杆高处迎风飘动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing a new communications mast could improve mobile coverage in remote villages and support local businesses.",
    "zh": "安装新的通信塔可以改善偏远村庄的移动通信覆盖，并支持当地企业发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "main mast｜主桅杆",
   "communications mast｜通信塔",
   "at half mast｜降半旗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "masted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "核心义是支撑帆的桅杆，也可指支撑天线的高杆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mast"
 },
 {
  "w": "shapeless",
  "uk": "/ˈʃeɪpləs/",
  "us": "/ˈʃeɪpləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不成形的；无明确形状的",
    "en": "Having no clear or definite shape"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My old sweater became shapeless after too many washes.",
    "zh": "我的旧毛衣洗了太多次，已经不成形了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without careful planning, expanding cities can become shapeless areas lacking distinct neighbourhoods and accessible public spaces.",
    "zh": "如果缺乏周密规划，扩张中的城市可能变得布局杂乱，既没有特色鲜明的街区，也缺乏便利的公共空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a shapeless mass｜不成形的一团",
   "a shapeless dress｜宽松无形的连衣裙",
   "become shapeless｜变得不成形"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shape (n.)",
   "shape (v.)",
   "shapely (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "formless"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容衣服时常指松垮、没有明显轮廓。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shapeless"
 },
 {
  "w": "conform",
  "uk": "/kənˈfɔːm/",
  "us": "/kənˈfɔːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "遵守；符合",
    "en": "to follow rules or meet required standards"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "顺从；随俗",
    "en": "to behave as others in a group expect"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These new helmets conform to the latest safety standards.",
    "zh": "这些新头盔符合最新的安全标准。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Pressure to conform can discourage young people from expressing original ideas or questioning established traditions.",
    "zh": "要求随大流的压力可能使年轻人不愿表达独创想法，也不敢质疑既有传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conform to standards｜符合标准",
   "conform to regulations｜遵守规定",
   "pressure to conform｜要求随大流的压力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conformity (n.)",
   "conformist (n.)",
   "nonconformist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "comply"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rebel"
  ],
  "tip": "常用conform to rules或standards，不直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conform"
 },
 {
  "w": "appreciably",
  "uk": "/əˈpriːʃəbli/",
  "us": "/əˈpriːʃəbli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "明显地；可察觉地",
    "en": "by an amount that is large enough to notice"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The room felt appreciably warmer after we closed the window.",
    "zh": "关上窗户后，房间里明显暖和了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding reliable public transport could appreciably reduce traffic congestion and improve air quality in urban areas.",
    "zh": "扩大可靠的公共交通服务可以明显缓解交通拥堵，并改善城市空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "appreciably higher｜明显更高",
   "appreciably reduce｜显著减少",
   "differ appreciably｜存在明显差异"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "appreciable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "noticeably",
   "significantly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "imperceptibly"
  ],
  "tip": "表示变化大到可察觉，不是“感激地”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "appreciably"
 },
 {
  "w": "dangle",
  "uk": "/ˈdæŋɡəl/",
  "us": "/ˈdæŋɡəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "悬垂；悬着摇摆",
    "en": "to hang loosely, or make something hang loosely"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "以好处诱惑",
    "en": "to offer something attractive to persuade someone to act"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her feet dangled above the floor from the high chair.",
    "zh": "她坐在高椅上，双脚悬在地板上方晃荡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some employers dangle generous bonuses before applicants while offering limited opportunities for long-term career development.",
    "zh": "一些雇主用丰厚奖金吸引求职者，却很少提供长期职业发展机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dangle from｜从……悬垂下来",
   "dangle your feet｜悬空晃着双脚",
   "dangle a carrot｜以好处诱惑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dangling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hang"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "核心是悬着，可伴随摇摆；并非所有摇摆都用它。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dangle"
 },
 {
  "w": "redundancy",
  "uk": "/rɪˈdʌndənsi/",
  "us": "/rɪˈdʌndənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "裁员；职位撤销",
    "en": "Job loss because an employer no longer needs the position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冗余；多余重复",
    "en": "Unnecessary repetition or the presence of something not needed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "备用配置；冗余备份",
    "en": "Extra components that keep a system working if others fail."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After the factory closed, Elena faced redundancy and financial uncertainty.",
    "zh": "工厂关闭后，埃琳娜面临裁员和经济上的不确定性。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Automation may increase productivity, but employers should offer retraining to workers at risk of redundancy.",
    "zh": "自动化可能提高生产率，但雇主应为面临裁员风险的员工提供再培训。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "redundancy pay｜裁员补偿金",
   "compulsory redundancy｜强制裁员",
   "voluntary redundancy｜自愿离职裁员",
   "built-in redundancy｜内置冗余备份"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "redundant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语常指裁员；技术语境可指保障运行的备用配置。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "redundancy"
 },
 {
  "w": "recapture",
  "uk": "/ˌriːˈkæptʃə/",
  "us": "/ˌriːˈkæptʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "重新捕获；夺回",
    "en": "To catch again or regain control of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "重温；再现",
    "en": "To experience or produce a past feeling or quality again"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "重新捕获；夺回",
    "en": "The act of catching something or taking control again"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer recaptured the goat beside our garden gate.",
    "zh": "农夫在我们花园门旁重新抓住了那只山羊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring historic buildings can help cities recapture their distinctive character while creating new opportunities for tourism.",
    "zh": "修复历史建筑有助于城市重现独特风貌，同时创造新的旅游发展机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "recapture an escaped animal｜重新捕获逃走的动物",
   "recapture the excitement｜重温激动之情",
   "recapture the atmosphere｜再现氛围",
   "recapture market share｜夺回市场份额"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "capture (v.)",
   "capture (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "retake",
   "regain"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指重新抓住，也可指重温昔日感受或再现特色。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recapture"
 },
 {
  "w": "idealism",
  "uk": "/aɪˈdɪəlɪzəm/",
  "us": "/aɪˈdiːəlɪzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "理想主义",
    "en": "belief in pursuing perfect standards, even when impractical"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "唯心主义",
    "en": "the philosophical view that reality depends on mind or consciousness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her idealism inspired us to clean the riverbank.",
    "zh": "她的理想主义鼓舞我们去清理河岸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Youthful idealism can encourage social change, but effective policies also require practical planning and reliable funding.",
    "zh": "年轻人的理想主义能推动社会变革，但有效的政策也需要务实的规划和可靠的资金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "youthful idealism｜年轻人的理想主义",
   "political idealism｜政治理想主义",
   "a sense of idealism｜理想主义情怀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ideal (n.)",
   "idealist (n.)",
   "idealistic (adj.)",
   "idealistically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "realism"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；哲学语境译“唯心主义”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "idealism"
 },
 {
  "w": "hydraulic",
  "uk": "/haɪˈdrɒlɪk/",
  "us": "/haɪˈdrɔːlɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "液压的；水力的",
    "en": "Using liquid pressure to produce movement or power."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic used a hydraulic lift to raise our car.",
    "zh": "修理工用液压升降机抬起了我们的车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hydraulic systems allow construction equipment to lift heavy loads with greater precision and less manual effort.",
    "zh": "液压系统使建筑设备能够更精准地提升重物，并减少人力投入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hydraulic pressure｜液压",
   "hydraulic brakes｜液压制动器",
   "hydraulic lift｜液压升降机",
   "hydraulic system｜液压系统"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hydraulics (n.)",
   "hydraulically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hydraulic靠液体传压；pneumatic靠气体传压。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hydraulic"
 },
 {
  "w": "gratis",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrætɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈɡrætɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "免费地",
    "en": "without any payment being required"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "免费的",
    "en": "provided without requiring payment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hotel lent us two bicycles gratis for the afternoon.",
    "zh": "酒店免费借给我们两辆自行车，供下午使用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing museum admission gratis can encourage wider public participation in cultural and educational activities.",
    "zh": "提供免费博物馆门票可以鼓励公众更广泛地参与文化和教育活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "provided gratis｜免费提供",
   "distributed gratis｜免费分发",
   "gratis admission｜免费入场"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "free",
   "free of charge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可作副词或形容词，较正式；日常通常用free。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gratis"
 },
 {
  "w": "slowdown",
  "uk": "/ˈsləʊdaʊn/",
  "us": "/ˈsloʊdaʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "减速；放缓",
    "en": "A reduction in the speed of activity or growth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Road repairs caused a slowdown on my journey home.",
    "zh": "道路维修让我回家路上的车速慢了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An economic slowdown can reduce job opportunities, particularly for young people entering the labour market.",
    "zh": "经济放缓可能减少就业机会，尤其影响初入劳动力市场的年轻人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an economic slowdown｜经济放缓",
   "a slowdown in growth｜增长放缓",
   "a sharp slowdown｜急剧放缓"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "slow (adj.)",
   "slow (v.)",
   "slowly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deceleration"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "acceleration"
  ],
  "tip": "slowdown是名词；动词短语写作slow down。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slowdown"
 },
 {
  "w": "despatch",
  "uk": "/dɪˈspætʃ/",
  "us": "/dɪˈspætʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "派遣；发送",
    "en": "to send someone or something to a destination"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发送；派遣",
    "en": "the act of sending people or goods somewhere"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新闻报道；公文",
    "en": "a report sent by a journalist or official"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop will despatch your parcel tomorrow morning.",
    "zh": "商店明天早上会寄出你的包裹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Emergency services must despatch rescue teams quickly when severe flooding isolates communities from essential supplies.",
    "zh": "当严重洪灾使社区与外界的必需品供应中断时，应急部门必须迅速派遣救援队。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "despatch goods｜发运货物",
   "despatch a rescue team｜派遣救援队",
   "ready for despatch｜准备好发运"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "despatcher (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dispatch",
   "send"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "despatch是dispatch的英式变体，后者更常见。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "despatch"
 },
 {
  "w": "panther",
  "uk": "/ˈpænθə/",
  "us": "/ˈpænθɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "黑豹",
    "en": "A leopard or jaguar with a black coat."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "美洲狮",
    "en": "A cougar, especially in North American usage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The black panther rested quietly on a thick branch.",
    "zh": "那只黑豹静静地趴在一根粗壮的树枝上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting forest corridors allows animals such as the panther to move safely between fragmented habitats.",
    "zh": "保护森林廊道可以让黑豹等动物在破碎的栖息地之间安全迁移。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "black panther｜黑豹",
   "Florida panther｜佛罗里达美洲狮"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "黑豹通常是黑色的豹或美洲豹，并非独立物种。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "panther"
 },
 {
  "w": "paradox",
  "uk": "/ˈpærədɒks/",
  "us": "/ˈpærədɑːks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "悖论；看似矛盾的事物",
    "en": "A statement or situation that seems contradictory but may be true."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It seems a paradox that resting helps me accomplish more.",
    "zh": "休息反而能让我完成更多事情，这似乎很矛盾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern technology creates a paradox: people can communicate instantly yet still experience deep social isolation.",
    "zh": "现代技术带来一种看似矛盾的现象：人们能即时交流，却仍感到深深的社会孤立。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apparent paradox｜表面上的矛盾",
   "resolve a paradox｜解开悖论",
   "present a paradox｜呈现看似矛盾的情况"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "paradoxical (adj.)",
   "paradoxically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调看似矛盾却可能成立，不等于普通错误。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "paradox"
 },
 {
  "w": "reexport",
  "uk": "/ˌriːɪkˈspɔːt/",
  "us": "/ˌriːɪkˈspɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "再出口；转口出口",
    "en": "to export goods that were previously imported"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They import tea, package it locally, and reexport it.",
    "zh": "他们进口茶叶，在本地包装后再出口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some ports reexport imported goods to neighbouring countries, creating jobs in storage, transport, and related services.",
    "zh": "一些港口将进口商品再出口到邻国，为仓储、运输及相关服务创造就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reexport goods｜再出口商品",
   "reexport imported products｜将进口产品再出口",
   "reexport to neighbouring markets｜再出口至邻近市场"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "export (v.)",
   "exporter (n.)",
   "reexportation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "也写作re-export，指进口后再出口。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reexport"
 },
 {
  "w": "restrictive",
  "uk": "/rɪˈstrɪktɪv/",
  "us": "/rɪˈstrɪktɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "限制性的；约束的",
    "en": "Limiting what people can do or what is allowed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The club's restrictive rules prevent us from bringing guests.",
    "zh": "俱乐部的限制性规定不允许我们带客人来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Overly restrictive planning regulations can discourage investment and delay the construction of affordable housing.",
    "zh": "过于严格的规划条例可能抑制投资，并拖延经济适用住房的建设。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "restrictive regulations｜限制性条例",
   "restrictive measures｜限制性措施",
   "overly restrictive｜限制过多的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "restrict (v.)",
   "restriction (n.)",
   "restricted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "limiting"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "permissive"
  ],
  "tip": "是形容词；restrictive强调施加限制。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "restrictive"
 },
 {
  "w": "lubricate",
  "uk": "/ˈluːbrɪkeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈluːbrɪkeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "润滑；给……加润滑油",
    "en": "Apply oil or another substance to reduce friction between surfaces."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I lubricated the door hinges to stop that annoying squeak.",
    "zh": "我给门铰链加了润滑油，让那烦人的吱呀声停下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regularly lubricating industrial machinery reduces friction, improves energy efficiency, and extends the working life of essential equipment.",
    "zh": "定期润滑工业机械可以减少摩擦、提高能源效率，并延长关键设备的使用寿命。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lubricate moving parts｜润滑活动部件",
   "lubricate machinery｜润滑机械",
   "lubricate with oil｜用油润滑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lubrication (n.)",
   "lubricant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "oil",
   "grease"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接被润滑的部件；用with引出润滑剂。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lubricate"
 },
 {
  "w": "magnate",
  "uk": "/ˈmæɡneɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈmæɡneɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "商业巨头；大亨",
    "en": "a wealthy and powerful person in a particular industry"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hotel magnate arrived in a surprisingly small car.",
    "zh": "那位酒店业大亨竟然坐着一辆很小的车来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A media magnate may influence public debate through ownership of several major news outlets.",
    "zh": "媒体大亨可能通过拥有多家主要新闻机构来影响公共讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a media magnate｜媒体大亨",
   "a shipping magnate｜航运业巨头",
   "a business magnate｜商界巨头"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "tycoon",
   "mogul"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常与行业名连用；注意不要与magnet（磁铁）混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "magnate"
 },
 {
  "w": "accrue",
  "uk": "/əˈkruː/",
  "us": "/əˈkruː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逐渐积累；逐渐获得",
    "en": "To increase gradually, or receive benefits over time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Interest accrues monthly on the money in this account.",
    "zh": "这个账户里的钱每月都会产生利息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The benefits of early education accrue over many years, improving both individual opportunities and wider social outcomes.",
    "zh": "早期教育的益处会多年累积，既改善个人发展机会，也带来更广泛的社会效益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "interest accrues｜利息逐渐累积",
   "accrue benefits｜逐渐获得益处",
   "accrue to｜归于；惠及",
   "accrued income｜应计收入"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accrual (n.)",
   "accrued (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "accumulate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用于利息、收益等逐渐累积；accrue to表示归于。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accrue"
 },
 {
  "w": "eradicate",
  "uk": "/ɪˈrædɪkeɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈrædɪkeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "根除；彻底消灭",
    "en": "To completely remove or destroy something harmful."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We removed every root to eradicate weeds from the garden.",
    "zh": "我们清除了每一处草根，以彻底除去花园里的杂草。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International vaccination programmes aim to eradicate infectious diseases by ensuring that vulnerable populations receive adequate protection.",
    "zh": "国际疫苗接种计划旨在确保易感人群得到充分保护，从而根除传染病。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "eradicate disease｜根除疾病",
   "eradicate poverty｜消除贫困",
   "eradicate illiteracy｜扫除文盲"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eradication (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "eliminate",
   "wipe out"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调彻底消除，语气强于reduce，常用于疾病或贫困。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eradicate"
 },
 {
  "w": "aggregation",
  "uk": "/ˌæɡrɪˈɡeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌæɡrɪˈɡeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汇集；聚合",
    "en": "the process of combining separate items into a larger whole"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "聚集体；集合",
    "en": "a group or collection of things brought together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Automatic aggregation brings all my spending into one monthly report.",
    "zh": "自动汇总功能把我的所有开销整合成一份月度报告。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The aggregation of regional climate data allows researchers to identify broader patterns that individual observations may miss.",
    "zh": "汇集区域气候数据，能让研究人员识别出单次观测可能遗漏的更广泛规律。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "data aggregation｜数据汇总",
   "aggregation of results｜结果汇总",
   "content aggregation｜内容聚合"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aggregate (v.)",
   "aggregate (n.)",
   "aggregated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调把分散项汇成整体；数据处理中常见。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aggregation"
 },
 {
  "w": "discern",
  "uk": "/dɪˈsɜːn/",
  "us": "/dɪˈsɝːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "察觉；辨认出",
    "en": "To notice or recognise something that is difficult to detect."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Through the fog, I could barely discern the distant bridge.",
    "zh": "隔着浓雾，我几乎辨认不出远处的桥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without reliable evidence, consumers may find it difficult to discern whether environmental claims are genuinely credible.",
    "zh": "缺乏可靠证据时，消费者可能难以判断环保宣传是否真正可信。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "discern a pattern｜察觉规律",
   "discern a difference｜辨别差异",
   "barely discern｜勉强辨认出"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "discernible (adj.)",
   "discernment (n.)",
   "discerning (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "detect",
   "perceive",
   "distinguish"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较正式，强调费力看出或察觉不明显的事物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "discern"
 },
 {
  "w": "commemorate",
  "uk": "/kəˈmeməreɪt/",
  "us": "/kəˈmeməreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "纪念；缅怀",
    "en": "To honour a person or event by remembering them publicly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We planted a tree to commemorate our grandfather's life.",
    "zh": "我们种了一棵树，纪念祖父的一生。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public ceremonies commemorate historical events and help younger generations understand the experiences that shaped their communities.",
    "zh": "公共纪念仪式缅怀历史事件，帮助年轻一代理解塑造其社区的经历。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commemorate an event｜纪念事件",
   "commemorate an anniversary｜纪念周年",
   "commemorate the victims｜缅怀遇难者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "commemoration (n.)",
   "commemorative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "honour",
   "memorialize"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "直接接纪念对象；不一定含有庆祝的喜悦。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commemorate"
 },
 {
  "w": "devastate",
  "uk": "/ˈdevəsteɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈdevəsteɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "严重破坏；摧毁",
    "en": "To cause very severe damage to a place or thing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使极度悲痛；使震惊",
    "en": "To make someone feel extremely upset or shocked"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The storm devastated the village, leaving many homes damaged.",
    "zh": "暴风雨重创了村庄，许多房屋受损。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged droughts can devastate agricultural communities by destroying crops and reducing the income available to farming households.",
    "zh": "长期干旱会毁坏庄稼、减少农户收入，给农业社区带来沉重打击。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "devastate a region｜重创一个地区",
   "devastate the economy｜严重破坏经济",
   "feel devastated｜感到悲痛欲绝",
   "devastating impact｜毁灭性的影响"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "devastation (n.)",
   "devastating (adj.)",
   "devastated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "destroy",
   "ravage"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比damage程度重；也可指使人精神上受到重创。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "devastate"
 },
 {
  "w": "enclosure",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkləʊʒə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈkloʊʒər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "围场；围起来的区域",
    "en": "An area surrounded by a fence, wall, or other barrier."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "信函附件",
    "en": "Something placed inside an envelope together with a letter."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "围住；圈地",
    "en": "The act of surrounding land with a boundary."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The goats rested in their enclosure beside the barn.",
    "zh": "山羊在谷仓旁的围栏里休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Wildlife parks should provide each enclosure with enough space for animals to display natural behaviour.",
    "zh": "野生动物园应为每个围场提供足够空间，让动物展现自然行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an animal enclosure｜动物围场",
   "a secure enclosure｜牢固的围场",
   "the enclosure of land｜圈地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enclose (v.)",
   "enclosed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "纸质信函附件可用enclosure；邮件附件用attachment。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enclosure"
 },
 {
  "w": "wane",
  "uk": "/weɪn/",
  "us": "/weɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "减弱；衰退",
    "en": "gradually become weaker, smaller, or less important"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "月亮渐亏",
    "en": "show a progressively smaller illuminated part of the moon"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "衰退；减弱",
    "en": "a gradual decline, especially in the phrase on the wane"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My enthusiasm waned after another hour in the queue.",
    "zh": "又排了一个小时的队后，我的热情消退了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public support for environmental policies may wane if their financial costs are distributed unfairly.",
    "zh": "如果环保政策的经济成本分担不公，公众对这些政策的支持可能会减弱。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "waning interest｜逐渐减退的兴趣",
   "on the wane｜正在衰退",
   "a waning moon｜渐亏的月亮"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "decline",
   "diminish"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "increase",
   "wax"
  ],
  "tip": "动词通常不及物；on the wane表示正在衰退。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wane"
 },
 {
  "w": "inducement",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdjuːsmənt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈduːsmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诱因；激励措施",
    "en": "something offered to persuade someone to take a particular action"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Free delivery was enough inducement to order the sofa.",
    "zh": "免费送货这一优惠足以促使我们订购那张沙发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Financial inducements may encourage households to install solar panels, reducing their dependence on fossil fuels.",
    "zh": "经济激励措施可能促使家庭安装太阳能电池板，减少对化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "financial inducement｜经济激励",
   "offer an inducement｜提供激励",
   "inducement to invest｜投资诱因"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "induce (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "incentive",
   "enticement"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "deterrent"
  ],
  "tip": "常指外部提供的奖励或好处，后可接to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inducement"
 },
 {
  "w": "materialism",
  "uk": "/məˈtɪəriəlɪzəm/",
  "us": "/məˈtɪriəlɪzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "物质主义；物质至上",
    "en": "The belief that money and possessions matter most"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "唯物主义",
    "en": "The philosophical view that everything ultimately consists of matter"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She dislikes materialism and prefers experiences to expensive possessions.",
    "zh": "她不喜欢物质至上的观念，更看重经历而非昂贵的物品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Critics argue that advertising encourages materialism by linking personal happiness to the purchase of consumer goods.",
    "zh": "批评者认为，广告将个人幸福与购买消费品联系起来，从而助长物质主义。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "consumer materialism｜消费物质主义",
   "encourage materialism｜助长物质主义",
   "philosophical materialism｜哲学唯物主义",
   "historical materialism｜历史唯物主义"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "material (n.)",
   "materialist (n.)",
   "materialistic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "idealism"
  ],
  "tip": "消费话题常指物质至上；哲学语境指唯物主义。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "materialism"
 },
 {
  "w": "standpoint",
  "uk": "/ˈstændpɔɪnt/",
  "us": "/ˈstændpɔɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "立场；观点",
    "en": "a position from which someone considers or judges something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "From my standpoint, the smaller flat is more practical.",
    "zh": "在我看来，那套较小的公寓更实用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "From an environmental standpoint, investing in public transport is preferable to building more roads for private vehicles.",
    "zh": "从环境角度看，投资公共交通比为私家车修建更多道路更可取。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "from a practical standpoint｜从实际角度看",
   "from an economic standpoint｜从经济角度看",
   "from someone's standpoint｜从某人的立场看"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "perspective",
   "viewpoint"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用from a ... standpoint表示“从……角度看”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "standpoint"
 },
 {
  "w": "adverse",
  "uk": "/ˈædvɜːs/",
  "us": "/ædˈvɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不利的；有害的；恶劣的",
    "en": "Harmful or making success and progress more difficult."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our ferry was cancelled because of adverse weather conditions.",
    "zh": "由于天气恶劣，我们的渡轮航班取消了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged exposure to traffic noise can have adverse effects on residents' sleep and mental health.",
    "zh": "长期接触交通噪声可能对居民的睡眠和心理健康产生不良影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adverse effects｜不良影响",
   "adverse weather conditions｜恶劣天气状况",
   "an adverse reaction｜不良反应",
   "adverse circumstances｜不利处境"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adversely (adv.)",
   "adversity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unfavourable",
   "harmful",
   "detrimental"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "favourable",
   "beneficial"
  ],
  "tip": "adverse指不利的；averse指反感的，常接to。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adverse"
 },
 {
  "w": "orderly",
  "uk": "/ˈɔːdəli/",
  "us": "/ˈɔːrdərli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有秩序的；整齐的",
    "en": "well arranged or behaving in a controlled, organised way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "医院护工；勤务兵",
    "en": "a hospital worker doing practical tasks, or a soldier's assistant"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children formed an orderly queue outside the classroom.",
    "zh": "孩子们在教室外排起了整齐的队伍。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear evacuation procedures help ensure an orderly departure from public buildings during emergencies, reducing the risk of injury.",
    "zh": "明确的疏散程序有助于人们在紧急情况下有序撤离公共建筑，降低受伤风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "orderly queue｜整齐的队伍",
   "orderly manner｜有条不紊的方式",
   "orderly evacuation｜有序疏散",
   "hospital orderly｜医院护工"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "order (n.)",
   "order (v.)",
   "disorderly (adj.)",
   "orderliness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "organised",
   "tidy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disorderly",
   "chaotic"
  ],
  "tip": "虽以-ly结尾，常作形容词；名词可指医院护工。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "orderly"
 },
 {
  "w": "brandy",
  "uk": "/ˈbrændi/",
  "us": "/ˈbrændi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "白兰地酒",
    "en": "A strong alcoholic drink distilled from wine or fermented fruit juice."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The recipe includes a little brandy in the fruit cake.",
    "zh": "这个食谱在水果蛋糕中加入了少量白兰地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional brandy production can support rural employment by creating demand for locally grown grapes and specialist skills.",
    "zh": "传统白兰地生产通过创造对本地葡萄和专业技能的需求，可以促进乡村就业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a glass of brandy｜一杯白兰地",
   "aged brandy｜陈年白兰地",
   "brandy production｜白兰地生产"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；a brandy可指一杯白兰地。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brandy"
 },
 {
  "w": "cordial",
  "uk": "/ˈkɔːdiəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkɔːrdʒəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "热情友好的；诚挚的",
    "en": "Friendly and polite, often in a formal situation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "浓缩果汁饮料",
    "en": "A sweet concentrated fruit drink usually diluted with water."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our new neighbours gave us a cordial welcome.",
    "zh": "新邻居热情地欢迎了我们。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Maintaining cordial relations between neighbouring countries can encourage cooperation on trade and environmental protection.",
    "zh": "邻国之间保持友好关系有助于促进贸易和环境保护方面的合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cordial welcome｜热情的欢迎",
   "cordial relations｜友好关系",
   "lime cordial｜青柠浓缩饮料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cordially (adv.)",
   "cordiality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "friendly",
   "warm"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hostile",
   "unfriendly"
  ],
  "tip": "形容友好态度较正式；名词在英国常指浓缩果饮。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cordial"
 },
 {
  "w": "rein",
  "uk": "/reɪn/",
  "us": "/reɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "缰绳",
    "en": "A strap used by a rider to guide a horse."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "控制；约束",
    "en": "To limit or control something, usually with in."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rider gently pulled the reins to stop the horse.",
    "zh": "骑手轻轻拉住缰绳，让马停下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments may need to rein in excessive spending while protecting essential services such as education and healthcare.",
    "zh": "政府可能需要控制过度支出，同时保障教育和医疗等基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pull on the reins｜拉缰绳",
   "rein in spending｜控制支出",
   "give someone free rein｜让某人自由发挥",
   "take the reins｜接手掌管"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "缰绳常用复数 reins；rein in 表示控制、约束。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rein"
 },
 {
  "w": "carp",
  "uk": "/kɑːp/",
  "us": "/kɑːrp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鲤鱼",
    "en": "A freshwater fish with large scales, often kept in ponds."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挑刺；吹毛求疵",
    "en": "To complain repeatedly about small or unimportant faults."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a large carp swimming beneath the bridge.",
    "zh": "我们看着一条大鲤鱼在桥下游动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Introducing carp into new habitats can disturb aquatic ecosystems by increasing sediment and reducing water clarity.",
    "zh": "将鲤鱼引入新栖息地可能增加水中泥沙、降低水体透明度，从而扰乱水生生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "common carp｜普通鲤鱼",
   "carp pond｜鲤鱼塘",
   "carp at minor faults｜挑小毛病"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "carping (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "鱼名复数通常仍为carp；动词常接at。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "carp"
 },
 {
  "w": "secretariat",
  "uk": "/ˌsekrəˈteəriət/",
  "us": "/ˌsekrəˈteriət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "秘书处；行政办事机构",
    "en": "An office managing administrative work for a large organisation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please contact the secretariat to confirm your meeting time.",
    "zh": "请联系秘书处确认你的会议时间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The secretariat coordinates international meetings and ensures that all member countries receive relevant information.",
    "zh": "秘书处协调国际会议，并确保所有成员国收到相关信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a permanent secretariat｜常设秘书处",
   "the committee secretariat｜委员会秘书处",
   "establish a secretariat｜设立秘书处"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "secretary (n.)",
   "secretarial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指负责行政工作的机构，不是单个秘书。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "secretariat"
 },
 {
  "w": "degrade",
  "uk": "/dɪˈɡreɪd/",
  "us": "/dɪˈɡreɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使恶化；降低质量",
    "en": "To reduce the quality or condition of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "降解；分解",
    "en": "To break down chemically into simpler substances"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "贬低；侮辱人格",
    "en": "To treat someone as though they deserve no respect"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Strong sunlight can degrade the fabric of outdoor chairs.",
    "zh": "强烈的阳光会损坏户外椅子的面料。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Intensive farming can degrade soil quality, making it harder to grow healthy crops in the future.",
    "zh": "集约化农业可能降低土壤质量，使今后更难种出健康的作物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "degrade soil quality｜降低土壤质量",
   "degrade the environment｜破坏环境",
   "degrade over time｜随时间降解"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "degradation (n.)",
   "degradable (adj.)",
   "degrading (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deteriorate",
   "damage"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示质量下降时可及物；化学降解也可不及物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "degrade"
 },
 {
  "w": "hoist",
  "uk": "/hɔɪst/",
  "us": "/hɔɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吊起；升起",
    "en": "lift something heavy, often using ropes or machinery"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "起重装置",
    "en": "a device used for lifting heavy objects"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hoisted the heavy suitcase onto the luggage rack.",
    "zh": "我们把沉重的行李箱抬上了行李架。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Construction workers use specialised equipment to hoist heavy materials safely, reducing physical strain and workplace injuries.",
    "zh": "建筑工人使用专用设备安全吊起重物，以减轻身体负担并减少工伤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hoist a flag｜升旗",
   "hoist a sail｜扬帆",
   "hoist into position｜吊装就位",
   "electric hoist｜电动起重装置"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "lift",
   "raise"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lower"
  ],
  "tip": "强调费力抬起或借助绳索、机械吊起。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hoist"
 },
 {
  "w": "seizure",
  "uk": "/ˈsiːʒə/",
  "us": "/ˈsiːʒɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "癫痫等疾病的突然发作",
    "en": "A sudden episode of abnormal electrical activity in the brain."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "扣押；没收；夺取",
    "en": "The act of taking something by force or legal authority."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "When her brother had a seizure, she called an ambulance.",
    "zh": "她哥哥癫痫发作时，她叫了救护车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns can teach people how to respond safely when someone experiences a seizure.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传活动可以教人们如何在他人癫痫发作时安全应对。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have a seizure｜癫痫发作",
   "an epileptic seizure｜癫痫发作",
   "seizure of assets｜资产扣押",
   "seizure of power｜夺取政权"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "seize (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "医学义常搭配have；扣押某物用seizure of。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seizure"
 },
 {
  "w": "asymmetric",
  "uk": "/ˌeɪsɪˈmetrɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌeɪsɪˈmetrɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不对称的",
    "en": "having sides or parts that do not match"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不均衡的；不对等的",
    "en": "unequal between people, groups, or sides"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The jacket has an asymmetric collar and deep pockets.",
    "zh": "这件夹克的领子不对称，口袋很深。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Asymmetric access to market information can place small businesses at a disadvantage when negotiating with larger firms.",
    "zh": "市场信息获取的不对等，可能使小企业在与大公司谈判时处于不利地位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "asymmetric design｜不对称设计",
   "asymmetric information｜不对称信息",
   "asymmetric distribution｜不对称分布"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "asymmetry (n.)",
   "asymmetrical (adj.)",
   "asymmetrically (adv.)",
   "symmetric (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "asymmetrical"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "symmetric",
   "symmetrical"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指形状不对称，也可指信息或力量不对等。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "asymmetric"
 },
 {
  "w": "permissible",
  "uk": "/pəˈmɪsəbl/",
  "us": "/pərˈmɪsəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "允许的；许可的",
    "en": "Allowed by a rule, law, or accepted standard"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Is it permissible to take photographs inside this museum?",
    "zh": "可以在这家博物馆内拍照吗？"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should establish clear limits on permissible emissions to protect public health in industrial areas.",
    "zh": "政府应明确规定允许的排放限值，以保护工业区的公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "permissible limits｜允许的限度",
   "legally permissible｜法律允许的",
   "permissible levels｜允许的水平"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "permit (v.)",
   "permission (n.)",
   "permissibility (n.)",
   "impermissible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "allowable",
   "allowed"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "impermissible",
   "forbidden"
  ],
  "tip": "常用句型：It is permissible to do sth.。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "permissible"
 },
 {
  "w": "revive",
  "uk": "/rɪˈvaɪv/",
  "us": "/rɪˈvaɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使复兴；重新流行",
    "en": "to become active or popular again, or make something so"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "苏醒；使恢复活力",
    "en": "to regain consciousness or energy, or help someone do so"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours hope to revive the annual street party.",
    "zh": "我们的邻居希望恢复一年一度的街头聚会。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport could revive declining town centres by making local businesses more accessible.",
    "zh": "投资公共交通可以让人们更方便地光顾当地商家，从而振兴衰落的城镇中心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "revive the economy｜振兴经济",
   "revive interest in｜重新激起对……的兴趣",
   "revive a tradition｜恢复传统"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "revival (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "revitalize"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可及物也可不及物：revive a tradition；hopes revive。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "revive"
 },
 {
  "w": "cubism",
  "uk": "/ˈkjuːbɪzəm/",
  "us": "/ˈkjuːbɪzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "立体主义",
    "en": "An art style showing subjects through geometric shapes and multiple viewpoints."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We explored cubism by painting faces with overlapping geometric shapes.",
    "zh": "我们用重叠的几何图形画人脸，探索立体主义风格。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cubism challenged traditional artistic representation by presenting multiple viewpoints within a single image rather than imitating natural appearances.",
    "zh": "立体主义在同一幅图像中呈现多个视角，而非模仿自然外观，从而挑战了传统艺术表现方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the development of cubism｜立体主义的发展",
   "analytical cubism｜分析立体主义",
   "synthetic cubism｜综合立体主义"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cubist (n.)",
   "cubist (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；cubist 可指立体派艺术家或作形容词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cubism"
 },
 {
  "w": "senator",
  "uk": "/ˈsenətə/",
  "us": "/ˈsenətər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "参议员",
    "en": "A member of a senate, a lawmaking body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The senator listened carefully to concerns at our community meeting.",
    "zh": "这位参议员在我们的社区会议上认真听取了大家的担忧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A senator may propose legislation to improve healthcare access, although approval requires support from other lawmakers.",
    "zh": "参议员可以提出改善医疗服务可及性的法案，但法案获批需要其他立法者的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "elect a senator｜选举参议员",
   "serve as a senator｜担任参议员",
   "a senior senator｜资深参议员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "senate (n.)",
   "senatorial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "senator是参议员；senate指参议院。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "senator"
 },
 {
  "w": "drench",
  "uk": "/drentʃ/",
  "us": "/drentʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使湿透；使淋透",
    "en": "To make someone or something completely wet"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A sudden downpour drenched us on the way home.",
    "zh": "回家途中，一场突如其来的大雨把我们淋透了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Intense storms can drench farmland within minutes, increasing surface runoff and carrying valuable topsoil into nearby rivers.",
    "zh": "猛烈的暴风雨能在几分钟内浸透农田，增加地表径流，并将宝贵的表土冲入附近河流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "get drenched｜被淋透",
   "drenched in sweat｜汗流浃背",
   "drench someone with water｜用水把某人浇透"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drenched (adj.)",
   "drenching (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "soak",
   "saturate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dry"
  ],
  "tip": "强调完全湿透；常用被动形式be drenched。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drench"
 },
 {
  "w": "fir",
  "uk": "/fɜː/",
  "us": "/fɝː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冷杉；冷杉木",
    "en": "An evergreen tree with needle-shaped leaves, or its wood."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tall fir shaded the path behind our cottage.",
    "zh": "一棵高大的冷杉为我们小屋后的路遮阴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fir forests provide habitats for wildlife and help protect mountain slopes from erosion during heavy rainfall.",
    "zh": "冷杉林为野生动物提供栖息地，并有助于保护山坡免受强降雨侵蚀。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fir tree｜一棵冷杉",
   "a fir forest｜冷杉林",
   "fir needles｜冷杉针叶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fir是冷杉；fur才是毛皮，两词同音。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fir"
 },
 {
  "w": "living quarters",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪvɪŋ ˌkwɔːtəz/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪvɪŋ ˌkwɔːrtərz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "住处；生活用房",
    "en": "Rooms or buildings where people live"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our living quarters were small but warm and comfortable.",
    "zh": "我们的住处虽小，却温暖舒适。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should provide safe living quarters for seasonal workers, particularly in remote agricultural regions with limited housing.",
    "zh": "雇主应为季节性工人提供安全的住处，尤其是在住房有限的偏远农业地区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cramped living quarters｜狭小的住处",
   "staff living quarters｜员工宿舍",
   "shared living quarters｜合住的生活用房"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "accommodation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示住处时用复数living quarters，谓语也用复数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "已将living quarter改为惯用复数living quarters。",
  "id": "living-quarter"
 },
 {
  "w": "redeem",
  "uk": "/rɪˈdiːm/",
  "us": "/rɪˈdiːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "兑换；兑现",
    "en": "exchange a voucher or points for goods, services, or money"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弥补；挽回",
    "en": "make up for a failure or restore a good reputation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赎回",
    "en": "recover something by paying the money owed on it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can redeem this voucher for a free lunch.",
    "zh": "你可以用这张代金券兑换一份免费午餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Retailers increasingly allow customers to redeem loyalty points for products made from recycled materials.",
    "zh": "越来越多的零售商允许顾客用会员积分兑换再生材料制成的产品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "redeem a voucher｜兑换代金券",
   "redeem points｜兑换积分",
   "redeem yourself｜挽回声誉",
   "redeeming feature｜可取之处"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "redemption (n.)",
   "redeemable (adj.)",
   "redeeming (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "redeem A for B 表示用券或积分A兑换B。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "redeem"
 },
 {
  "w": "allude",
  "uk": "/əˈluːd/",
  "us": "/əˈluːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "间接提及；暗指",
    "en": "to refer to something without mentioning it directly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He alluded to a surprise but gave no details.",
    "zh": "他暗示会有个惊喜，但没有透露细节。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The report alludes to funding difficulties without explaining how they might affect the proposed transport improvements.",
    "zh": "报告间接提及资金困难，却没有解释这些困难可能如何影响拟议的交通改善项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "allude to a problem｜间接提及问题",
   "allude to the past｜隐约谈及过去"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "allusion (n.)",
   "allusive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hint"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "固定用allude to，不直接接宾语；勿混elude。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "allude"
 },
 {
  "w": "ballot",
  "uk": "/ˈbælət/",
  "us": "/ˈbælət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "无记名投票；投票表决",
    "en": "A process of voting, usually in secret."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "选票",
    "en": "A paper or electronic form used to record a vote."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "组织投票；投票",
    "en": "To ask people to vote, or to vote yourself."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our club chose its new chair by secret ballot.",
    "zh": "我们俱乐部以无记名投票的方式选出了新主席。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A secret ballot allows citizens to express their political preferences without fear of pressure from others.",
    "zh": "无记名投票让公民能够表达政治倾向，而不必担心他人的施压。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "secret ballot｜无记名投票",
   "ballot paper｜选票",
   "ballot box｜投票箱",
   "hold a ballot｜举行投票"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "vote"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ballot侧重投票程序或选票；by secret ballot指无记名投票。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ballot"
 },
 {
  "w": "torpedo",
  "uk": "/tɔːˈpiːdəʊ/",
  "us": "/tɔːrˈpiːdoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鱼雷",
    "en": "an underwater weapon that propels itself towards a target"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "彻底破坏；使失败",
    "en": "to deliberately cause a plan or agreement to fail"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We saw an old torpedo at the maritime museum.",
    "zh": "我们在海事博物馆看到了一枚旧鱼雷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unexpected funding cuts could torpedo plans to expand public transport in rapidly growing urban areas.",
    "zh": "意料之外的资金削减可能使快速发展城区的公共交通扩建计划落空。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "launch a torpedo｜发射鱼雷",
   "torpedo tube｜鱼雷发射管",
   "torpedo a plan｜破坏计划"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "鱼雷是torpedo；水雷是mine。复数为torpedoes。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "torpedo"
 },
 {
  "w": "disarray",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪsəˈreɪ/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪsəˈreɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "混乱；杂乱",
    "en": "A state of disorder or lack of organisation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen was in disarray after our baking afternoon.",
    "zh": "我们做了一下午烘焙后，厨房一片狼藉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without clear leadership, emergency planning can fall into disarray, leaving communities poorly prepared for extreme weather.",
    "zh": "缺乏明确的领导，应急规划就可能陷入混乱，导致社区无法充分应对极端天气。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in disarray｜处于混乱中",
   "throw into disarray｜使陷入混乱",
   "complete disarray｜彻底混乱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "disorder",
   "confusion",
   "chaos"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "order"
  ],
  "tip": "常作不可数名词，常用in disarray表示处于混乱。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disarray"
 },
 {
  "w": "pipeline",
  "uk": "/ˈpaɪplaɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈpaɪplaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "输送管道",
    "en": "A long pipe carrying liquids or gas between places."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "供应渠道；开发流程",
    "en": "A system through which things are supplied or developed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Workers repaired the water pipeline beneath our street today.",
    "zh": "工人今天修好了我们街道下方的输水管道。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A new gas pipeline could improve energy security, but its construction may damage sensitive wildlife habitats.",
    "zh": "新建天然气管道可以增强能源安全，但施工可能破坏脆弱的野生动物栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a gas pipeline｜天然气管道",
   "an oil pipeline｜输油管道",
   "in the pipeline｜在筹备中",
   "a development pipeline｜开发流程"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in the pipeline常指项目正在筹备或推进中。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pipeline"
 },
 {
  "w": "baron",
  "uk": "/ˈbærən/",
  "us": "/ˈbærən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "男爵",
    "en": "A man holding a low-ranking title of nobility."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行业巨头；大亨",
    "en": "A wealthy person with great power in a particular industry."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The baron welcomed his guests into the castle courtyard.",
    "zh": "男爵迎接客人们来到城堡庭院。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Media barons can influence public debate through their ownership of major newspapers and television networks.",
    "zh": "传媒大亨可以凭借对主要报纸和电视网的所有权影响公共讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a media baron｜传媒大亨",
   "a press baron｜报业大亨",
   "an oil baron｜石油大亨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "baroness (n.)",
   "barony (n.)",
   "baronial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "本义为男爵；行业名词加baron可指该行业大亨。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "baron"
 },
 {
  "w": "lukewarm",
  "uk": "/ˌluːkˈwɔːm/",
  "us": "/ˌluːkˈwɔːrm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "微温的；不冷不热的",
    "en": "Only slightly warm, sometimes cooler than desired."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冷淡的；不热心的",
    "en": "Showing little enthusiasm or support."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My soup was lukewarm by the time I sat down.",
    "zh": "等我坐下时，汤已经不怎么热了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposal received a lukewarm response from residents, who doubted whether it would improve public transport.",
    "zh": "居民对这项提议反应冷淡，怀疑它能否改善公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lukewarm water｜温水",
   "lukewarm response｜冷淡的回应",
   "lukewarm support｜不积极的支持"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lukewarmness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tepid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hot",
   "enthusiastic"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容温度微温，也可形容态度冷淡。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lukewarm"
 },
 {
  "w": "arrogantly",
  "uk": "/ˈærəɡəntli/",
  "us": "/ˈærəɡəntli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "傲慢地；自大地",
    "en": "In a way that suggests superiority to other people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He arrogantly dismissed my suggestion without even listening.",
    "zh": "他连听都没听，就傲慢地否定了我的建议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Managers who behave arrogantly may discourage employees from sharing ideas that could improve workplace efficiency.",
    "zh": "行为傲慢的管理者可能使员工不愿分享那些能提高工作效率的想法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "behave arrogantly｜举止傲慢",
   "speak arrogantly｜说话傲慢",
   "arrogantly dismiss｜傲慢地否定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "arrogant (adj.)",
   "arrogance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "haughtily"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "humbly",
   "modestly"
  ],
  "tip": "带贬义；自信地通常用confidently。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arrogantly"
 },
 {
  "w": "pellet",
  "uk": "/ˈpelɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈpelɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小丸；小颗粒",
    "en": "A small, rounded or cylindrical piece of compressed material."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each rabbit received a few food pellets with fresh vegetables.",
    "zh": "每只兔子都分到了一些颗粒饲料和新鲜蔬菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Heating systems that burn wood pellets can reduce reliance on fossil fuels when the wood is sustainably sourced.",
    "zh": "如果木材来源可持续，燃烧木颗粒的供暖系统可以减少对化石燃料的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wood pellets｜木质颗粒燃料",
   "food pellets｜颗粒饲料",
   "plastic pellets｜塑料颗粒"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "granule"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指成形的小颗粒，常见于饲料、燃料等。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pellet"
 },
 {
  "w": "adhere",
  "uk": "/ədˈhɪə/",
  "us": "/ədˈhɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "遵守；坚持",
    "en": "To follow a rule, belief, or agreement closely."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "黏附；附着",
    "en": "To stick firmly to a surface."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone must adhere to the rules in this pool.",
    "zh": "每个人都必须遵守这个游泳池的规定。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must adhere to strict ethical standards when collecting personal information from participants in health studies.",
    "zh": "研究人员在收集健康研究参与者的个人信息时，必须遵守严格的伦理标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adhere to guidelines｜遵循指导原则",
   "adhere to principles｜坚持原则",
   "adhere to a surface｜黏附于表面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adherence (n.)",
   "adhesion (n.)",
   "adhesive (adj.)",
   "adherent (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "comply",
   "stick"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "两种常见义都用adhere to；to是介词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adhere"
 },
 {
  "w": "stony",
  "uk": "/ˈstəʊni/",
  "us": "/ˈstoʊni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多石的；铺满石头的",
    "en": "covered with or containing many stones"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冷漠的；毫无表情的",
    "en": "showing no warmth, sympathy, or emotion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We followed a stony path down to the beach.",
    "zh": "我们沿着一条满是石头的小路走到海滩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers working on stony ground often face higher costs when preparing land for cultivation.",
    "zh": "在多石土地上耕作的农民，整地时往往面临更高的成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stony ground｜多石的土地",
   "a stony path｜满是石头的小路",
   "stony silence｜冷冰冰的沉默",
   "a stony expression｜冷漠的表情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stone (n.)",
   "stonily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rocky",
   "expressionless"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "stony silence 指冷漠或不悦的沉默，并非普通安静。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stony"
 },
 {
  "w": "paralyze",
  "uk": "/ˈpærəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈpærəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使瘫痪；使麻痹",
    "en": "Make someone unable to move all or part of their body."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使停摆；使无法行动",
    "en": "Prevent a system from functioning or a person from acting."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Some spinal injuries can paralyze both of a person's legs.",
    "zh": "某些脊柱损伤会导致双腿瘫痪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Severe flooding can paralyze urban transport networks, preventing workers from reaching essential services and workplaces.",
    "zh": "严重洪灾会使城市交通网络瘫痪，导致劳动者无法前往基本服务场所和工作地点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "paralyze transport｜使交通瘫痪",
   "paralyzed by fear｜吓得无法动弹",
   "partially paralyzed｜部分瘫痪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "paralysis (n.)",
   "paralytic (adj.)",
   "paralyzed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "immobilize"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式拼写paralyze；英式通常写paralyse。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "paralyze"
 },
 {
  "w": "parish",
  "uk": "/ˈpærɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈpærɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "堂区；基层行政区",
    "en": "A local church district, or a small administrative area."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "堂区全体居民",
    "en": "The people living in a particular church district."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our parish has a small church beside the river.",
    "zh": "我们堂区有一座小教堂，就在河边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rural parish councils can help maintain public footpaths and protect green spaces for local residents.",
    "zh": "乡村基层议会可以协助维护公共步道，并为当地居民保护绿地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "parish church｜堂区教堂",
   "parish priest｜堂区神父",
   "parish council｜堂区议会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "parishioner (n.)",
   "parochial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "教会语境指堂区，比主教管辖的diocese小。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "parish"
 },
 {
  "w": "bulky",
  "uk": "/ˈbʌlki/",
  "us": "/ˈbʌlki/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "庞大笨重的；占空间的",
    "en": "Large and awkward to carry, move, or store."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This bulky suitcase barely fits inside the small cupboard.",
    "zh": "这个大行李箱勉强能塞进那只小柜子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Compact furniture is increasingly popular because bulky items can make small urban apartments feel overcrowded.",
    "zh": "紧凑型家具越来越受欢迎，因为体积庞大的家具会让城市小公寓显得拥挤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bulky furniture｜大件家具",
   "bulky items｜大件物品",
   "bulky equipment｜体积庞大的设备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bulk (n.)",
   "bulkiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unwieldy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "compact"
  ],
  "tip": "bulky强调体积大、占空间，不一定很重。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bulky"
 },
 {
  "w": "glamour",
  "uk": "/ˈɡlæmə/",
  "us": "/ˈɡlæmər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "迷人魅力；华丽气质",
    "en": "An exciting attractiveness associated with beauty, wealth, or fame."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her sparkling earrings added glamour to a simple outfit.",
    "zh": "她闪亮的耳环为朴素的衣着增添了华丽气质。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The apparent glamour of careers in entertainment can obscure the financial insecurity many performers experience.",
    "zh": "娱乐行业看似光鲜的职业可能掩盖许多表演者面临的经济不稳定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "add glamour to｜为……增添魅力",
   "the glamour of fame｜名声的光环",
   "Hollywood glamour｜好莱坞式的华丽魅力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "glamorous (adj.)",
   "glamorously (adv.)",
   "glamorise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "allure"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；美式也写glamor。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glamour"
 },
 {
  "w": "Marxism",
  "uk": "/ˈmɑːksɪzəm/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːrksɪzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "马克思主义",
    "en": "Marx's theories concerning class conflict, capitalism, and a classless society."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our reading group discussed Marxism at the library yesterday.",
    "zh": "昨天我们的读书小组在图书馆讨论了马克思主义。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Marxism has influenced academic debates about economic inequality, ownership of resources, and the relationship between social classes.",
    "zh": "马克思主义影响了关于经济不平等、资源所有权以及社会阶级关系的学术讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study Marxism｜研究马克思主义",
   "classical Marxism｜古典马克思主义",
   "Marxism and class struggle｜马克思主义与阶级斗争"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Marxist (n.)",
   "Marxist (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "首字母大写，通常为不可数名词；Marxist可指人。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "marxism"
 },
 {
  "w": "apprehension",
  "uk": "/ˌæprɪˈhenʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌæprɪˈhenʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "忧虑；担心",
    "en": "Worry that something unpleasant may happen."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "逮捕；拘捕",
    "en": "The act of catching and arresting someone suspected of a crime."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She felt some apprehension before her first driving lesson.",
    "zh": "上第一节驾驶课之前，她有些忐忑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public apprehension about new technologies may decrease when governments explain potential risks and introduce clear safety standards.",
    "zh": "当政府解释潜在风险并制定明确的安全标准时，公众对新技术的忧虑可能会减轻。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apprehension about｜对……的忧虑",
   "a sense of apprehension｜忧虑感",
   "with apprehension｜担忧地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "apprehensive (adj.)",
   "apprehensively (adv.)",
   "apprehend (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "anxiety",
   "unease"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "confidence"
  ],
  "tip": "常指对未来的担忧，常接about；逮捕义较正式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "apprehension"
 },
 {
  "w": "safeguard",
  "uk": "/ˈseɪfɡɑːd/",
  "us": "/ˈseɪfɡɑːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "保护；保障",
    "en": "To protect someone or something from harm or loss."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保护措施；保障",
    "en": "A measure that prevents harm, loss, or unfair treatment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These padded covers safeguard the furniture during the move.",
    "zh": "这些加厚护套在搬家时保护家具。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should introduce stronger regulations to safeguard personal information collected by online services and mobile applications.",
    "zh": "政府应出台更严格的法规，保护在线服务和移动应用收集的个人信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "safeguard rights｜保障权利",
   "safeguard personal information｜保护个人信息",
   "a safeguard against fraud｜防范欺诈的措施"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "protect",
   "defend"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "endanger"
  ],
  "tip": "动词常接权益等宾语；名词常接against表示防范对象。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "safeguard"
 },
 {
  "w": "penetration",
  "uk": "/ˌpenɪˈtreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌpenɪˈtreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "穿透；渗透",
    "en": "The process of entering or passing through something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "市场渗透；普及程度",
    "en": "The extent to which a product reaches a market."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These thick curtains reduce the penetration of sunlight.",
    "zh": "这些厚窗帘减少了阳光的透入。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Greater internet penetration in rural areas can improve access to education and support the growth of small businesses.",
    "zh": "提高农村地区的互联网普及率，有助于改善教育获取条件并支持小企业发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "water penetration｜水分渗透",
   "market penetration｜市场渗透",
   "internet penetration｜互联网普及程度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "penetrate (v.)",
   "penetrating (adj.)",
   "penetrable (adj.)",
   "impenetrable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "由penetrate派生；常用penetration of或into。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "penetration"
 },
 {
  "w": "downfall",
  "uk": "/ˈdaʊnfɔːl/",
  "us": "/ˈdaʊnfɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "垮台；败落",
    "en": "The loss of power, success, or social position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "失败的原因",
    "en": "Something that causes a person or organisation to fail."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His refusal to listen eventually led to his downfall.",
    "zh": "他拒绝听取意见，最终导致自己失败。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Widespread corruption can trigger the downfall of a government by destroying public trust in its institutions.",
    "zh": "普遍存在的腐败会摧毁公众对政府机构的信任，从而引发政府垮台。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lead to someone's downfall｜导致某人垮台",
   "bring about the downfall of｜促使……败落",
   "prove to be someone's downfall｜最终成为某人失败的原因"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "ruin",
   "collapse"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rise"
  ],
  "tip": "指垮台或败因；倾盆大雨应说downpour。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "downfall"
 },
 {
  "w": "outrage",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊtreɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊtreɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "愤慨；义愤",
    "en": "Intense anger caused by something deeply unfair or wrong"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使愤慨；激怒",
    "en": "To make someone extremely angry through unacceptable behaviour"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "骇人行径；暴行",
    "en": "An act that is shockingly wrong or unacceptable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Residents expressed outrage when workers cut down the ancient tree.",
    "zh": "工人砍倒那棵古树时，居民们表达了强烈愤慨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public outrage over river pollution prompted the government to introduce stricter controls on industrial waste.",
    "zh": "公众对河流污染的愤慨促使政府对工业废弃物实施更严格的管控。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public outrage｜公众的愤慨",
   "spark outrage｜激起公愤",
   "express outrage｜表达愤慨",
   "an outrage against humanity｜反人类暴行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "outraged (adj.)",
   "outrageous (adj.)",
   "outrageously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "indignation",
   "fury"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表愤慨通常不可数；an outrage指骇人行径。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outrage"
 },
 {
  "w": "plea",
  "uk": "/pliː/",
  "us": "/pliː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恳求；请求",
    "en": "An urgent, emotional request for something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "认罪或不认罪的答辩",
    "en": "A formal statement admitting or denying guilt in court."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They heard our plea for help and stopped immediately.",
    "zh": "他们听见我们的求助声，立刻停了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents made a plea for better flood protection after repeated storms damaged homes across the region.",
    "zh": "多次暴风雨损坏该地区房屋后，居民恳请加强防洪措施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a plea for help｜恳求帮助",
   "make a plea｜提出恳求",
   "a guilty plea｜认罪答辩",
   "enter a plea｜正式作出答辩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plead (v.)",
   "pleading (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "appeal",
   "request"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "plea for后接所求之物；plea to后接请求对象。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plea"
 },
 {
  "w": "outlaw",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊtlɔː/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊtlɔː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "宣布非法；禁止",
    "en": "to make an activity illegal"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "逃犯；亡命之徒",
    "en": "a criminal who lives outside the law"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new rules outlaw dumping rubbish beside the river.",
    "zh": "新规定禁止在河边倾倒垃圾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should outlaw the sale of products made from endangered species to discourage illegal hunting.",
    "zh": "政府应禁止销售用濒危物种制成的产品，以遏制非法捕猎。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "outlaw a practice｜禁止某种做法",
   "outlaw discrimination｜宣布歧视行为非法",
   "a notorious outlaw｜臭名昭著的逃犯"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "ban",
   "prohibit"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "legalise"
  ],
  "tip": "作动词时直接接被禁止的行为或事物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outlaw"
 },
 {
  "w": "troublesome",
  "uk": "/ˈtrʌblsəm/",
  "us": "/ˈtrʌblsəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "麻烦的；令人烦恼的",
    "en": "causing problems, difficulty, or annoyance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This troublesome lock jams whenever the weather turns cold.",
    "zh": "每当天气变冷，这把烦人的锁就会卡住。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unreliable public transport is particularly troublesome for workers who depend on buses to reach jobs outside city centres.",
    "zh": "对于依赖公交车前往市中心以外地区上班的人来说，公共交通不可靠尤其令人困扰。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a troublesome issue｜棘手的问题",
   "a troublesome cough｜恼人的咳嗽",
   "particularly troublesome｜尤其麻烦的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trouble (n.)",
   "troubled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "problematic",
   "bothersome"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "troublesome指造成麻烦；troubled指自身遇到困扰。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "troublesome"
 },
 {
  "w": "intermittent",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntəˈmɪtənt/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntərˈmɪtənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "间歇的；断断续续的",
    "en": "Stopping and starting repeatedly rather than continuing without a break."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Intermittent rain kept us running indoors throughout the afternoon.",
    "zh": "整个下午，断断续续的雨让我们不时跑回屋里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Intermittent internet access can prevent rural students from participating fully in online learning programmes.",
    "zh": "网络连接时断时续，会妨碍农村学生充分参与在线学习课程。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "intermittent rain｜阵阵降雨",
   "intermittent supply｜断续供应",
   "intermittent noise｜间歇性噪声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intermittently (adv.)",
   "intermittency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sporadic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "continuous",
   "constant"
  ],
  "tip": "强调时停时续，不一定按固定周期发生。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intermittent"
 },
 {
  "w": "impartial",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpɑːʃəl/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpɑːrʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "公正的；不偏不倚的",
    "en": "Treating all sides fairly without favouring anyone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We asked an impartial neighbour to settle our disagreement.",
    "zh": "我们请一位公正的邻居来调解我们的分歧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An impartial judicial system is essential for protecting individual rights and maintaining public confidence in government institutions.",
    "zh": "公正的司法体系对于保护个人权利和维持公众对政府机构的信任至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "impartial advice｜公正的建议",
   "impartial judge｜公正的法官",
   "remain impartial｜保持公正"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "impartiality (n.)",
   "impartially (adv.)",
   "partial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unbiased",
   "neutral",
   "fair"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "biased",
   "partial"
  ],
  "tip": "partial 可表示偏袒的；impartial 表示不偏袒。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "impartial"
 },
 {
  "w": "divergence",
  "uk": "/daɪˈvɜːdʒəns/",
  "us": "/daɪˈvɝːdʒəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分歧；差异",
    "en": "A difference between opinions, approaches, or developments."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "分叉；分离",
    "en": "Movement apart in different directions from a common point."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our discussion revealed a clear divergence in our priorities.",
    "zh": "我们的讨论表明，双方对于事情的轻重缓急有明显分歧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The growing divergence between urban and rural incomes may require more targeted regional development policies.",
    "zh": "城乡收入差距不断扩大，可能需要更有针对性的区域发展政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "divergence of opinion｜意见分歧",
   "divergence between｜……之间的差异",
   "growing divergence｜不断扩大的差异"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "diverge (v.)",
   "divergent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "difference",
   "disparity"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "convergence"
  ],
  "tip": "常用between连接差异双方；动词为diverge。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "divergence"
 },
 {
  "w": "magnify",
  "uk": "/ˈmæɡnɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈmæɡnəfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放大",
    "en": "To make something appear larger, especially through a lens."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "夸大；加剧",
    "en": "To make something seem more important or become more serious."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This lens magnifies tiny insects so we can examine them.",
    "zh": "这个镜头能放大小昆虫，方便我们观察。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Social media can magnify public concerns by repeatedly exposing users to dramatic accounts of rare events.",
    "zh": "社交媒体反复向用户展示对罕见事件的夸张描述，可能放大公众的担忧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "magnify an image｜放大图像",
   "magnify a problem｜加剧问题",
   "magnifying glass｜放大镜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "magnification (n.)",
   "magnifier (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enlarge",
   "exaggerate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reduce"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指视觉放大，也可指夸大问题或加剧影响。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "magnify"
 },
 {
  "w": "candid",
  "uk": "/ˈkændɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈkændɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "坦率的；直言不讳的",
    "en": "Honest and direct, even about uncomfortable subjects."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "抓拍的；非摆拍的",
    "en": "Photographed naturally without being asked to pose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please give me your candid opinion of my cooking.",
    "zh": "请坦率地评价一下我的厨艺。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Candid discussions between teachers and parents can help identify problems before they affect academic progress.",
    "zh": "教师与家长坦诚交流，有助于在问题影响学业进步之前发现它们。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a candid assessment｜坦率的评估",
   "be candid about｜坦率谈论",
   "a candid photograph｜抓拍照片"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "candidly (adv.)",
   "candour (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "frank",
   "forthright"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "evasive"
  ],
  "tip": "谈人或言论指坦率；谈照片指非摆拍。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "candid"
 },
 {
  "w": "grieve",
  "uk": "/ɡriːv/",
  "us": "/ɡriːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "悲痛；哀悼",
    "en": "To feel deep sadness, especially after someone's death"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使悲伤",
    "en": "To cause someone deep sadness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We still grieve for our cat, who died last spring.",
    "zh": "我们仍在为去年春天去世的猫难过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should offer compassionate leave so that workers have time to grieve after losing a family member.",
    "zh": "雇主应提供丧假，让员工在失去家人后有时间哀悼。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grieve for someone｜为某人哀痛",
   "grieve over a loss｜为失去而悲伤",
   "time to grieve｜哀悼的时间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grief (n.)",
   "grieving (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mourn"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "grieve for常接逝者；grieve over常接损失或不幸。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grieve"
 },
 {
  "w": "manhole",
  "uk": "/ˈmænhəʊl/",
  "us": "/ˈmænhoʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "检修孔；人孔",
    "en": "An opening allowing workers to reach underground pipes or equipment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The worker lifted the heavy cover from the manhole.",
    "zh": "工人掀开了检修孔上沉重的盖子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular inspections through manholes help engineers identify damage to urban drainage systems before serious flooding occurs.",
    "zh": "通过检修孔进行定期检查，有助于工程师在严重洪灾发生前发现城市排水系统的损坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "manhole cover｜检修孔盖",
   "open manhole｜敞开的检修孔"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常见搭配manhole cover，指路面的井盖。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "manhole"
 },
 {
  "w": "intangible",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtændʒəbl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtændʒəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无形的；难以衡量的",
    "en": "Not physically touchable or easily measured, but still real or valuable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her warm welcome gave the house an intangible charm.",
    "zh": "她热情的迎接赋予这所房子一种难以言说的魅力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public parks offer intangible benefits, including a stronger sense of belonging and improved community relationships.",
    "zh": "公共公园带来无形的益处，包括更强的归属感和更融洽的社区关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "intangible benefits｜无形的益处",
   "intangible assets｜无形资产",
   "intangible cultural heritage｜非物质文化遗产"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intangibility (n.)",
   "intangibly (adv.)",
   "tangible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "impalpable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tangible"
  ],
  "tip": "不仅指摸不到，也指价值等难以量化。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intangible"
 },
 {
  "w": "evoke",
  "uk": "/ɪˈvəʊk/",
  "us": "/ɪˈvoʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "唤起；引起",
    "en": "to bring a feeling, memory or image into someone's mind"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The smell of fresh bread evokes memories of home.",
    "zh": "新鲜面包的香味唤起了对家的回忆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional music can evoke a strong sense of belonging among people living far from their homeland.",
    "zh": "传统音乐能在远离故土的人们心中唤起强烈的归属感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "evoke memories｜唤起回忆",
   "evoke emotions｜激起情感",
   "evoke an image｜唤起画面",
   "evoke sympathy｜引起同情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "evocation (n.)",
   "evocative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "arouse",
   "elicit"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "直接接情感、回忆等宾语，不加of。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "evoke"
 },
 {
  "w": "prospective",
  "uk": "/prəˈspektɪv/",
  "us": "/prəˈspektɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "潜在的；未来可能的",
    "en": "Likely or hoping to become something in the future."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The agent showed three prospective buyers around our flat.",
    "zh": "房产中介带三位潜在买家参观了我们的公寓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should provide prospective students with clear information about tuition fees, course content, and career opportunities.",
    "zh": "大学应向有意入学的学生提供关于学费、课程内容及就业机会的清晰信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prospective students｜有意入学的学生",
   "prospective buyers｜潜在买家",
   "prospective employers｜潜在雇主"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prospect (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "potential"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常放名词前；勿与perspective“视角”混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prospective"
 },
 {
  "w": "mover",
  "uk": "/ˈmuːvə/",
  "us": "/ˈmuːvɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "搬家工人；搬家公司",
    "en": "A person or company paid to move furniture and belongings."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推动者；发起者",
    "en": "Someone who actively helps make a change or project happen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The movers carefully carried our sofa down the stairs.",
    "zh": "搬家工人小心地把我们的沙发搬下楼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local businesses were prime movers in the campaign to improve public spaces and attract visitors.",
    "zh": "当地企业是改善公共空间、吸引游客这一活动的主要推动者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hire movers｜雇搬家工人",
   "a prime mover｜主要推动者",
   "movers and shakers｜有影响力的人物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "move (v.)",
   "movement (n.)",
   "movable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "搬家工人义多见于美式；prime mover指主要推动者。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mover"
 },
 {
  "w": "constituent",
  "uk": "/kənˈstɪtʃuənt/",
  "us": "/kənˈstɪtʃuənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "选区居民；选民",
    "en": "a person living in an area represented by an elected official"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "组成部分；成分",
    "en": "one of the parts or substances that form something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "组成的；构成的",
    "en": "forming part of a larger whole"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A constituent asked her local representative about the closed library.",
    "zh": "一位选区居民向当地民意代表询问图书馆关闭的事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Elected representatives should consult their constituents before supporting policies that significantly affect local housing and public transport.",
    "zh": "民选代表在支持对当地住房和公共交通有重大影响的政策之前，应征询选区居民的意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local constituents｜当地选区居民",
   "constituent parts｜组成部分",
   "a major constituent｜主要成分"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "constituency (n.)",
   "constitute (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "选民义可含未投票的选区居民；成分义近component。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "constituent"
 },
 {
  "w": "metropolitan",
  "uk": "/ˌmetrəˈpɒlɪtən/",
  "us": "/ˌmetrəˈpɑːlɪtən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大都市的；都市圈的",
    "en": "relating to a large city and its surrounding communities"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our metropolitan rail network connects the suburbs to downtown.",
    "zh": "我们的都市铁路网连接郊区与市中心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Efficient public transport across metropolitan areas can reduce traffic congestion and improve access to employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "覆盖都市圈的高效公共交通能缓解交通拥堵，并让人们更便捷地获得就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "metropolitan area｜都市圈",
   "metropolitan region｜大都市地区",
   "metropolitan population｜都市人口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "metropolis (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "urban"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rural"
  ],
  "tip": "不专指首都；metropolitan area通常包括市区和周边郊区。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "metropolitan"
 },
 {
  "w": "amidst",
  "uk": "/əˈmɪdst/",
  "us": "/əˈmɪdst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在……之中",
    "en": "Surrounded by something, or during a particular situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a quiet bench amidst the flowering trees.",
    "zh": "我们在开花的树丛中找到了一张安静的长椅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Amidst growing concerns about air quality, several cities have expanded their networks of protected cycle lanes.",
    "zh": "随着人们日益担忧空气质量，一些城市扩大了设有隔离设施的自行车道网络。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "amidst uncertainty｜在不确定的局势中",
   "amidst growing concerns｜在日益加剧的担忧中",
   "amidst the chaos｜在混乱之中"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "amid",
   "among"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与amid同义，语气较正式；后接名词或名词短语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amidst"
 },
 {
  "w": "conversant",
  "uk": "/kənˈvɜːsənt/",
  "us": "/kənˈvɝːsənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "熟悉的；通晓的",
    "en": "Familiar with a subject and able to discuss it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our new guide is conversant with the area's history.",
    "zh": "我们的新导游熟悉这一地区的历史。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Graduates entering the technology sector should be conversant with current debates about privacy and data protection.",
    "zh": "进入科技行业的毕业生应熟悉当前有关隐私与数据保护的讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conversant with｜熟悉……的",
   "fully conversant with｜完全熟悉……的",
   "conversant with procedures｜熟悉流程的"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "familiar",
   "knowledgeable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfamiliar"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be conversant with，表示熟悉某领域，并非有交情。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conversant"
 },
 {
  "w": "phonetics",
  "uk": "/fəˈnetɪks/",
  "us": "/fəˈnetɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "语音学",
    "en": "The study of speech sounds and how people produce them."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We studied phonetics to understand how speech sounds are produced.",
    "zh": "我们学习语音学，以了解语音是如何产生的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Training in phonetics can help language teachers explain pronunciation differences that learners may struggle to hear.",
    "zh": "语音学训练能帮助语言教师解释学习者可能难以听辨的发音差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study phonetics｜学习语音学",
   "articulatory phonetics｜发音语音学",
   "acoustic phonetics｜声学语音学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "phonetic (adj.)",
   "phonetically (adv.)",
   "phonetician (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "虽以-s结尾，作学科名时通常接单数谓语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "phonetics"
 },
 {
  "w": "deliberation",
  "uk": "/dɪˌlɪbəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˌlɪbəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "仔细考虑；商议",
    "en": "Careful thought or discussion before making a decision."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "从容审慎；不慌不忙",
    "en": "A slow, careful, and intentional way of doing something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After much deliberation, we chose the smaller apartment.",
    "zh": "经过反复考虑，我们选择了那套较小的公寓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Decisions about major transport projects require careful deliberation because their effects can last for decades.",
    "zh": "重大交通项目的决策需要慎重考虑，因为其影响可能持续数十年。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "after much deliberation｜经过反复考虑",
   "careful deliberation｜慎重考虑",
   "with deliberation｜从容审慎地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deliberate (v.)",
   "deliberate (adj.)",
   "deliberately (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "consideration",
   "reflection"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表商议过程可用复数deliberations；勿一律译为故意。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deliberation"
 },
 {
  "w": "constraint",
  "uk": "/kənˈstreɪnt/",
  "us": "/kənˈstreɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "限制；制约因素",
    "en": "Something that limits what you can do."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拘束；克制",
    "en": "Control that prevents free or natural behaviour."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our main constraint is the size of the kitchen.",
    "zh": "我们的主要限制是厨房的大小。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Financial constraints prevent many local authorities from investing adequately in reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "财政限制使许多地方政府无法充分投资于可靠的公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "time constraints｜时间限制",
   "financial constraints｜财务限制",
   "a constraint on growth｜对增长的制约",
   "within budget constraints｜在预算限制内"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "constrain (v.)",
   "constrained (adj.)",
   "unconstrained (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "restriction",
   "limitation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用复数constraints；对……的限制用on。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "constraint"
 },
 {
  "w": "propagation",
  "uk": "/ˌprɒpəˈɡeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌprɑːpəˈɡeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "繁殖；增殖",
    "en": "The production of new plants or other living organisms."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "传播；扩散",
    "en": "The spreading of ideas, information, or beliefs."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "波的传播",
    "en": "The movement of waves or signals through a medium."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Plant propagation is easier with healthy cuttings and clean tools.",
    "zh": "使用健康的插条和干净的工具，繁殖植物会更容易。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The rapid propagation of misleading information online can undermine public trust in reliable scientific evidence.",
    "zh": "误导性信息在网上迅速传播，会削弱公众对可靠科学证据的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plant propagation｜植物繁殖",
   "propagation by cuttings｜扦插繁殖",
   "wave propagation｜波的传播",
   "propagation of ideas｜思想传播"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "propagate (v.)",
   "propagator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；可用于植物繁殖、信息传播及波传播。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "propagation"
 },
 {
  "w": "deter",
  "uk": "/dɪˈtɜː/",
  "us": "/dɪˈtɝː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "阻止；使打消念头",
    "en": "To discourage an action by making it seem difficult or risky."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The heavy rain did not deter our determined hikers.",
    "zh": "大雨没有让我们坚定的徒步者打退堂鼓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Higher parking fees may deter commuters from driving into city centres during peak hours.",
    "zh": "提高停车费可能使通勤者不愿在高峰时段开车进入市中心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deter someone from doing something｜阻止某人做某事",
   "deter crime｜遏制犯罪",
   "deter potential customers｜使潜在顾客却步"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deterrent (n.)",
   "deterrence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "discourage",
   "dissuade"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "encourage"
  ],
  "tip": "用deter sb from doing；过去式为deterred。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deter"
 },
 {
  "w": "shelve",
  "uk": "/ʃelv/",
  "us": "/ʃelv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "搁置；暂缓",
    "en": "to stop considering or working on something for now"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把…放上架子",
    "en": "to put something on a shelf"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shelved our holiday plans when the car broke down.",
    "zh": "汽车坏了，我们便暂时搁置了度假计划。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The council decided to shelve the road expansion project because of concerns about air pollution.",
    "zh": "由于担心空气污染，地方议会决定暂缓道路扩建项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shelve a plan｜搁置计划",
   "shelve a proposal｜暂缓考虑提案",
   "shelve books｜把书放上书架"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shelf (n.)",
   "shelving (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "postpone",
   "defer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "shelve作动词；shelf是名词，复数为shelves。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shelve"
 },
 {
  "w": "infest",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈfest/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈfest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "大量侵扰；成群寄生于",
    "en": "To live in a place in large, harmful or unwanted groups."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Tiny insects have infested the flour in our cupboard.",
    "zh": "我们橱柜里的面粉生了许多小虫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rats can infest poorly maintained housing, creating serious health risks for residents in densely populated areas.",
    "zh": "老鼠可能在维护不善的住房中大量出没，给人口密集地区的居民带来严重健康风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be infested with rats｜老鼠成灾",
   "infest crops｜侵害庄稼",
   "insect-infested buildings｜虫害严重的建筑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "infestation (n.)",
   "infested (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "overrun"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用be infested with，主语是受虫鼠侵扰处。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "infest"
 },
 {
  "w": "characterize",
  "uk": "/ˈkærəktəraɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈkærəktəraɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "是……的特征",
    "en": "To be a typical or distinguishing feature of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "描述……的特点",
    "en": "To describe the main qualities of someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Bright colours and bold patterns characterize her handmade bags.",
    "zh": "鲜艳的色彩和醒目的图案是她手工包的特色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High housing costs and limited public space characterize many large cities, affecting residents' quality of life.",
    "zh": "住房成本高、公共空间有限是许多大城市的特点，影响着居民的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be characterized by｜以……为特征",
   "characterize something as｜将某事物描述为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "character (n.)",
   "characteristic (adj.)",
   "characterization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "distinguish",
   "describe"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也拼characterise；被动式常接by。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "characterize"
 },
 {
  "w": "vicinity",
  "uk": "/vɪˈsɪnəti/",
  "us": "/vɪˈsɪnəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "附近；周边地区",
    "en": "The area near a particular place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There are several quiet cafés in the vicinity.",
    "zh": "附近有几家安静的咖啡馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building new housing in the vicinity of railway stations can reduce car dependence and shorten daily commutes.",
    "zh": "在火车站周边新建住房，可以减少对汽车的依赖并缩短日常通勤时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in the vicinity of｜在……附近",
   "the immediate vicinity｜紧邻地区"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "surroundings",
   "neighbourhood"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用in the vicinity of，比near更正式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vicinity"
 },
 {
  "w": "scant",
  "uk": "/skænt/",
  "us": "/skænt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不足的；少得可怜的",
    "en": "barely enough, or less than is needed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We had scant time to pack before the taxi arrived.",
    "zh": "出租车到达前，我们几乎没时间收拾行李。"
   },
   {
    "en": "There is scant evidence that longer working hours consistently lead to higher productivity across different industries.",
    "zh": "几乎没有证据表明，延长工时能在不同行业中持续带来更高的生产率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scant evidence｜少得可怜的证据",
   "scant attention｜极少的关注",
   "scant regard for｜对……几乎不重视"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scanty (adj.)",
   "scantily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "meagre",
   "insufficient"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ample",
   "abundant"
  ],
  "tip": "强调少到不够，多用于名词前，如scant evidence。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scant"
 },
 {
  "w": "precarious",
  "uk": "/prɪˈkeəriəs/",
  "us": "/prɪˈkeriəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不稳固的；摇摇欲坠的",
    "en": "not securely positioned and likely to fall"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不稳定的；岌岌可危的",
    "en": "uncertain and likely to become dangerous or unsuccessful"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The ladder looked precarious on the wet, uneven ground.",
    "zh": "梯子架在湿滑不平的地面上，看起来摇摇欲坠。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Workers on short-term contracts often face precarious financial circumstances, making it difficult to plan for the future.",
    "zh": "短期合同工往往面临不稳定的经济状况，难以规划未来。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a precarious position｜岌岌可危的处境",
   "precarious employment｜不稳定的就业",
   "a precarious balance｜不稳固的平衡",
   "precarious finances｜不稳定的财务状况"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "precariously (adv.)",
   "precariousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unstable",
   "insecure",
   "risky"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "secure",
   "stable"
  ],
  "tip": "不仅表示“不稳定”，还暗含随时出问题的风险。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "precarious"
 },
 {
  "w": "exert",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzɜːt/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzɝːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "施加；运用",
    "en": "To apply force, influence, or authority."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使自己努力；尽力",
    "en": "To make a strong physical or mental effort."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You must exert steady pressure to open this lid.",
    "zh": "你得持续用力才能打开这个盖子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Parents can exert considerable influence on children's eating habits by preparing balanced meals at home.",
    "zh": "父母可以通过在家准备营养均衡的饭菜，对孩子的饮食习惯产生很大影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exert pressure on｜向……施加压力",
   "exert influence over｜对……施加影响",
   "exert yourself｜使自己努力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exertion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常接pressure、influence；exert oneself意为尽力。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exert"
 },
 {
  "w": "recollect",
  "uk": "/ˌrekəˈlekt/",
  "us": "/ˌrekəˈlekt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "回忆起；记起",
    "en": "remember something from the past, sometimes with effort"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I clearly recollect meeting her outside the village bakery.",
    "zh": "我清楚地记得曾在村里的面包店外遇见她。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Older residents often recollect a time when public spaces played a greater role in community life.",
    "zh": "年长居民常常回忆起公共空间在社区生活中发挥更大作用的年代。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clearly recollect｜清楚地记得",
   "recollect doing something｜记得做过某事",
   "as far as I recollect｜据我回忆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recollection (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "remember",
   "recall"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "forget"
  ],
  "tip": "比remember正式；用recollect doing，不用to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recollect"
 },
 {
  "w": "condolence",
  "uk": "/kənˈdəʊləns/",
  "us": "/kənˈdoʊləns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "吊唁；慰问",
    "en": "Sympathy expressed to someone whose relative or friend has died."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours sent a heartfelt message of condolence.",
    "zh": "邻居们送来了真挚的慰问。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public expressions of condolence can help bereaved families feel supported by their wider community.",
    "zh": "公开表达哀思可以让丧亲家庭感受到整个社区的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "offer condolences｜表示慰问",
   "a message of condolence｜慰问信息",
   "sincere condolences｜诚挚的哀悼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "condole (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sympathy"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用复数：offer condolences to someone。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "condolence"
 },
 {
  "w": "dormant",
  "uk": "/ˈdɔːmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈdɔːrmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "休眠的；暂不活跃的",
    "en": "temporarily inactive but able to become active again"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These plants stay dormant until the weather becomes warmer.",
    "zh": "这些植物会保持休眠状态，直到天气转暖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although the volcano has remained dormant for centuries, scientists continue to monitor it for signs of renewed activity.",
    "zh": "尽管这座火山已经休眠了数百年，科学家仍持续监测它是否有再次活动的迹象。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dormant volcano｜休眠火山",
   "lie dormant｜处于休眠状态",
   "dormant seeds｜休眠种子",
   "dormant account｜长期未使用的账户"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dormancy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inactive",
   "latent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "active"
  ],
  "tip": "指暂不活动但可能恢复；休眠火山不等于死火山。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dormant"
 },
 {
  "w": "vocation",
  "uk": "/vəʊˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/voʊˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "志业；使命感",
    "en": "work you feel strongly suited or called to do"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "职业",
    "en": "a particular occupation, especially one requiring training"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Caring for injured animals became her vocation early in life.",
    "zh": "照顾受伤动物很早就成为她立志从事的事业。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Career guidance should help young people discover a vocation that matches their abilities and values.",
    "zh": "职业指导应帮助年轻人找到符合自身能力和价值观的志业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "find one's vocation｜找到自己的志业",
   "a sense of vocation｜职业使命感",
   "a vocation for teaching｜从事教学的志向"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vocational (adj.)",
   "vocationally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "calling",
   "occupation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常含使命感或天职之意；勿与vacation（假期）混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vocation"
 },
 {
  "w": "invert",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvɜːt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvɜːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使倒置；使颠倒",
    "en": "To turn something upside down or reverse its order."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Invert the bowl carefully to release the jelly.",
    "zh": "小心地把碗倒扣过来，让果冻脱模。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers can invert the usual teaching sequence by asking students to explore problems before receiving formal explanations.",
    "zh": "研究人员可以颠倒通常的教学顺序，让学生先探究问题，再接受正式讲解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "invert a container｜倒置容器",
   "invert the order｜颠倒顺序",
   "invert an image｜翻转图像"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inversion (n.)",
   "inverted (adj.)",
   "inverter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reverse",
   "overturn"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常是及物动词；倒置的用inverted。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "invert"
 },
 {
  "w": "precipitate",
  "uk": "/prɪˈsɪpɪteɪt/",
  "us": "/prɪˈsɪpɪteɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "促使发生；引发",
    "en": "To cause something to happen suddenly or sooner than expected."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "沉淀物",
    "en": "A solid that forms in a liquid during a chemical reaction."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "仓促的；鲁莽的",
    "en": "Done too quickly and without enough thought."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A broken pipe precipitated an emergency visit from the plumber.",
    "zh": "水管破裂，水管工因此紧急上门维修。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A sharp increase in food prices could precipitate a wider economic crisis in vulnerable regions.",
    "zh": "食品价格大幅上涨可能在脆弱地区引发更广泛的经济危机。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "precipitate a crisis｜引发危机",
   "precipitate change｜促成变化",
   "form a precipitate｜形成沉淀物",
   "precipitate action｜仓促的行动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "precipitation (n.)",
   "precipitant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "trigger",
   "hasten"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词末尾读/teɪt/，名词、形容词读/tət/。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "precipitate"
 },
 {
  "w": "cynical",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪnɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪnɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "怀疑他人动机的；愤世嫉俗的",
    "en": "believing people act selfishly rather than honestly or generously"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "损人利己的；不顾道义的",
    "en": "using others selfishly without concern for fairness or honesty"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leah is cynical about shops offering supposedly free gifts.",
    "zh": "莉娅对商店所谓的免费赠礼持怀疑态度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Repeatedly broken promises can make citizens cynical about whether political leaders genuinely intend to improve public services.",
    "zh": "一再失信会让公民怀疑政治领导人是否真心打算改善公共服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cynical about｜对……的动机持怀疑态度",
   "a cynical attitude｜愤世嫉俗的态度",
   "a cynical attempt｜不顾道义的企图"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cynic (n.)",
   "cynicism (n.)",
   "cynically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "idealistic",
   "trusting"
  ],
  "tip": "常接about，侧重怀疑善意，并非单纯悲观。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cynical"
 },
 {
  "w": "prevail",
  "uk": "/prɪˈveɪl/",
  "us": "/prɪˈveɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "盛行；普遍存在",
    "en": "to be common or widespread in a place or time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "获胜；占上风",
    "en": "to win or become stronger than an opposing force"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "说服",
    "en": "to persuade someone to do something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A relaxed atmosphere prevails in our kitchen on Sundays.",
    "zh": "每逢星期日，我们的厨房里总洋溢着轻松的气氛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Where traditional attitudes prevail, public education campaigns may be needed to encourage more equal opportunities for women.",
    "zh": "在传统观念盛行的地方，可能需要开展公众教育活动，为女性争取更平等的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prevailing conditions｜普遍状况",
   "prevail over｜战胜",
   "prevail upon someone to do｜说服某人做"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prevailing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "获胜用prevail over；说服用prevail upon sb to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prevail"
 },
 {
  "w": "anthropology",
  "uk": "/ˌænθrəˈpɒlədʒi/",
  "us": "/ˌænθrəˈpɑːlədʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人类学",
    "en": "the study of humans, their societies, cultures, and development"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin studies anthropology and collects stories about family traditions.",
    "zh": "我的表姐学习人类学，并收集有关家庭传统的故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Anthropology helps researchers understand how cultural traditions influence attitudes towards health, education, and family life.",
    "zh": "人类学帮助研究者理解文化传统如何影响人们对健康、教育和家庭生活的态度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cultural anthropology｜文化人类学",
   "social anthropology｜社会人类学",
   "study anthropology｜学习人类学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "anthropologist (n.)",
   "anthropological (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；研究者称anthropologist。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anthropology"
 },
 {
  "w": "hasten",
  "uk": "/ˈheɪsən/",
  "us": "/ˈheɪsən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "加速；促使提前",
    "en": "To make something happen sooner or develop more quickly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赶紧；急忙做",
    "en": "To move or act quickly, often because something is urgent."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The warm sunshine hastened the melting of the snow.",
    "zh": "温暖的阳光加快了积雪融化。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in renewable energy could hasten the transition towards a more sustainable and resilient economy.",
    "zh": "对可再生能源的投资可以加快向更可持续、更具韧性的经济转型。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hasten recovery｜加快康复",
   "hasten the process｜加快进程",
   "hasten to add｜连忙补充说"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "haste (n.)",
   "hasty (adj.)",
   "hastily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "accelerate",
   "hurry"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "delay"
  ],
  "tip": "t不发音；hasten to do表示赶紧做某事。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hasten"
 },
 {
  "w": "sprawl",
  "uk": "/sprɔːl/",
  "us": "/sprɔːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "四肢摊开地坐或躺",
    "en": "Sit or lie with your arms and legs spread out."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "无序扩展；蔓延",
    "en": "Spread over a large area in an unplanned way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "无序扩展的区域",
    "en": "A large area of buildings spreading out without clear planning."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After the hike, we sprawled on the soft grass.",
    "zh": "徒步结束后，我们四肢舒展地躺在柔软的草地上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban sprawl can increase dependence on private cars and put pressure on surrounding farmland.",
    "zh": "城市无序扩张会增加对私家车的依赖，并给周边农田带来压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sprawl on the sofa｜摊躺在沙发上",
   "sprawl out｜伸开四肢躺着",
   "urban sprawl｜城市无序扩张",
   "a sprawling city｜向外蔓延的城市"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sprawling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "人作主语常指摊坐或摊躺；urban sprawl指城市扩张。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sprawl"
 },
 {
  "w": "lubrication",
  "uk": "/ˌluːbrɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌluːbrɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "润滑",
    "en": "The use of oil or similar substances to reduce friction"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bicycle chain needs lubrication after all that rain.",
    "zh": "下了那么多雨，自行车链条需要润滑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular lubrication reduces friction in industrial machinery, improving energy efficiency and extending the lifespan of moving components.",
    "zh": "定期润滑可以减少工业机械中的摩擦，提高能源效率，并延长运动部件的使用寿命。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "regular lubrication｜定期润滑",
   "adequate lubrication｜充分润滑",
   "lubrication system｜润滑系统",
   "lack of lubrication｜缺乏润滑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lubricate (v.)",
   "lubricant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lubrication指润滑过程；lubricant指润滑剂。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lubrication"
 },
 {
  "w": "dogged",
  "uk": "/ˈdɒɡɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈdɔːɡɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "顽强的；坚持不懈的",
    "en": "Continuing with determination despite difficulties or setbacks."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His dogged efforts finally brought the old garden back.",
    "zh": "他坚持不懈的努力终于让老花园恢复了生机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Dogged determination enables many researchers to continue investigating important questions despite repeated failures and limited funding.",
    "zh": "顽强的决心让许多研究人员在屡次失败、经费有限的情况下仍能继续探索重要问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dogged determination｜顽强的决心",
   "dogged persistence｜不懈的坚持",
   "dogged pursuit｜执着的追求"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "doggedly (adv.)",
   "doggedness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "determined",
   "persistent",
   "tenacious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "half-hearted"
  ],
  "tip": "作形容词读两个音节，通常强调不轻言放弃。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dogged"
 },
 {
  "w": "submerge",
  "uk": "/səbˈmɜːdʒ/",
  "us": "/səbˈmɜːrdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "浸没；潜入水中；淹没",
    "en": "To go below a liquid's surface or put something there"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Submerge the dirty jar in warm water before washing it.",
    "zh": "清洗脏罐子前，先把它浸没在温水中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising sea levels could submerge low-lying coastal settlements, forcing residents to relocate and placing pressure on nearby cities.",
    "zh": "海平面上升可能淹没地势低洼的沿海聚居区，迫使居民迁移，并给附近城市带来压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fully submerge｜完全浸没",
   "submerge in water｜浸入水中",
   "partially submerged｜部分被淹没"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "submersion (n.)",
   "submerged (adj.)",
   "submersible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "immerse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可及物或不及物；强调进入水面或液面以下。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "submerge"
 },
 {
  "w": "prestige",
  "uk": "/preˈstiːʒ/",
  "us": "/preˈstiːʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "声望；威望",
    "en": "Respect and admiration gained through achievement, quality, or high status."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Winning the award brought considerable prestige to her small bakery.",
    "zh": "获奖为她的小面包店带来了很高的声誉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some students choose universities for their international prestige rather than the suitability of individual courses.",
    "zh": "一些学生选择大学看重的是其国际声望，而非具体课程是否适合自己。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "international prestige｜国际声望",
   "gain prestige｜获得声望",
   "social prestige｜社会声望",
   "a matter of prestige｜关乎声望的事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prestigious (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "status",
   "standing"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "prestige不可数；形容词用prestigious。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prestige"
 },
 {
  "w": "affiliate",
  "uk": "/əˈfɪlieɪt/",
  "us": "/əˈfɪlieɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使隶属；加入组织",
    "en": "To officially connect a person or group with an organisation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "附属机构；关联公司",
    "en": "An organisation officially connected with a larger organisation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our local cycling club is affiliated with a national organisation.",
    "zh": "我们当地的自行车俱乐部隶属于一个全国性组织。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small research institutes often affiliate with universities to gain access to specialist equipment and academic expertise.",
    "zh": "小型研究机构常与大学建立隶属关系，以获得使用专业设备和借助学术专长的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "affiliate with｜加入；隶属于",
   "be affiliated with｜与……有隶属关系",
   "a local affiliate｜地方附属机构"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "affiliation (n.)",
   "affiliated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词词尾读 /ət/，动词词尾读 /eɪt/。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "affiliate"
 },
 {
  "w": "salutation",
  "uk": "/ˌsæljuˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌsæljuˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "问候语；书信称呼语",
    "en": "Words used to greet someone, especially at a letter's beginning"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "致意；致敬",
    "en": "A gesture or action expressing greeting or respect"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He raised his hand in salutation as we approached.",
    "zh": "我们走近时，他举手向我们致意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Choosing an appropriate salutation in formal correspondence helps establish a respectful relationship between the writer and the recipient.",
    "zh": "在正式通信中选择恰当的称呼语，有助于写信人与收信人建立相互尊重的关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "formal salutation｜正式称呼语",
   "opening salutation｜开头问候语",
   "in salutation｜以示致意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "salute (v.)",
   "salute (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "greeting"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "书信开头的Dear…是salutation；敬礼常用salute。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "原词salution拼写有误；按所给释义更正为salutation。",
  "id": "salution"
 },
 {
  "w": "painstaking",
  "uk": "/ˈpeɪnzteɪkɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈpeɪnzteɪkɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极其细致的；煞费苦心的",
    "en": "Done with great care, effort, and attention to detail."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She made painstaking repairs to her grandmother's old quilt.",
    "zh": "她极其细致地修补了祖母的旧被子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The preservation of historic buildings requires painstaking research into original materials and traditional construction methods.",
    "zh": "保护历史建筑需要对原有材料和传统建造方法进行细致深入的研究。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "painstaking research｜细致深入的研究",
   "painstaking attention to detail｜对细节的极度关注",
   "painstaking work｜精细费力的工作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "painstakingly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "meticulous",
   "thorough",
   "careful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "careless",
   "slapdash"
  ],
  "tip": "是形容词，强调费心且细致，不只是辛苦。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "painstaking"
 },
 {
  "w": "missionary",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪʃənəri/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪʃəneri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "传教士",
    "en": "someone sent to teach a religion, often in another country"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "传教的；传教士的",
    "en": "relating to people or activities that spread a religion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The missionary discussed her faith with interested local families.",
    "zh": "这位传教士与感兴趣的当地家庭交流了自己的信仰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historians examine how missionary schools influenced education and cultural traditions in different regions during the nineteenth century.",
    "zh": "历史学家研究十九世纪传教学校如何影响不同地区的教育和文化传统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "missionary work｜传教工作",
   "a missionary school｜传教学校",
   "missionary activity｜传教活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mission (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可作名词或形容词；复数为missionaries。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "missionary"
 },
 {
  "w": "prominence",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒmɪnəns/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːmɪnəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "显著；重要；知名",
    "en": "The state of being noticeable, important, or widely known."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The gallery gave her painting prominence near the entrance.",
    "zh": "画廊把她的画摆在入口附近的显眼位置。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental issues have gained prominence in public debate as communities experience more frequent extreme weather events.",
    "zh": "随着各地遭遇极端天气事件的频率上升，环境议题在公共讨论中日益受到关注。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gain prominence｜日益受到关注",
   "rise to prominence｜崭露头角",
   "give prominence to｜突出；重视"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prominent (adj.)",
   "prominently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "importance",
   "notability"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "obscurity"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；rise to prominence指崭露头角。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prominence"
 },
 {
  "w": "explicit",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈsplɪsɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsplɪsɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "明确的；直言的",
    "en": "expressed clearly and directly, leaving no doubt about the meaning"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please give me explicit instructions for assembling this wooden shelf.",
    "zh": "请给我明确的说明，告诉我如何组装这个木架。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should establish explicit rules about online behaviour to help students use digital platforms responsibly.",
    "zh": "学校应制定明确的网络行为规范，帮助学生负责任地使用数字平台。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "explicit instructions｜明确的指示",
   "explicit consent｜明确的同意",
   "explicit reference｜明确提及",
   "make explicit｜明确说明"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "explicitly (adv.)",
   "explicitness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clear",
   "unambiguous",
   "unequivocal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "implicit",
   "vague"
  ],
  "tip": "explicit指明说的；implicit指未明说但可推知的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "explicit"
 },
 {
  "w": "finite",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪnaɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪnaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有限的",
    "en": "Having a limit in size, amount, or duration"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "限定的（动词形式）",
    "en": "Having tense and sometimes showing person or number"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our holiday budget is finite, so choose carefully.",
    "zh": "我们的度假预算有限，所以要仔细选择。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must recognise that natural resources are finite and encourage industries to reduce unnecessary consumption.",
    "zh": "政府必须认识到自然资源是有限的，并鼓励各行业减少不必要的消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "finite resources｜有限的资源",
   "a finite amount｜有限的数量",
   "a finite verb｜限定动词"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "infinite (adj.)",
   "finiteness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "limited",
   "bounded"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "infinite",
   "unlimited"
  ],
  "tip": "读音重音在首音节；勿按finish的元音读。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "finite"
 },
 {
  "w": "slit",
  "uk": "/slɪt/",
  "us": "/slɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狭长切口；狭缝",
    "en": "a long, narrow cut or opening"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "切开狭长口子",
    "en": "to make a long, narrow cut in something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sunlight came through a narrow slit in the curtains.",
    "zh": "阳光透过窗帘间的一条狭缝照了进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A narrow slit in the laboratory screen allows researchers to observe how light behaves when passing through small openings.",
    "zh": "实验室屏障上的一道狭缝让研究人员能够观察光穿过小开口时的表现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a narrow slit｜一道狭缝",
   "slit open an envelope｜裁开信封",
   "a slit in the fabric｜布料上的狭长口子"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词过去式、过去分词均为slit；现在分词为slitting。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slit"
 },
 {
  "w": "clamp",
  "uk": "/klæmp/",
  "us": "/klæmp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "夹具；夹钳",
    "en": "A device that holds objects tightly together or in place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "夹紧；固定",
    "en": "To hold something firmly, often using a gripping device."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Use a clamp to hold the wood while gluing.",
    "zh": "涂胶时用夹具固定木头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During laboratory tests, researchers clamp each sample securely to prevent movement from affecting the accuracy of measurements.",
    "zh": "在实验室测试中，研究人员将每个样本夹紧固定，防止移动影响测量准确性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a metal clamp｜金属夹具",
   "clamp something in place｜将某物夹紧固定",
   "clamp down on｜严厉打击；严格限制"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "clamp down on是短语动词，指严厉打击或限制。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clamp"
 },
 {
  "w": "quota",
  "uk": "/ˈkwəʊtə/",
  "us": "/ˈkwoʊtə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "配额；限额",
    "en": "an officially fixed amount allowed, required, or assigned"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our team reached its monthly sales quota yesterday afternoon.",
    "zh": "我们团队昨天下午完成了本月的销售指标。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fishing quotas can protect marine populations, provided that governments monitor catches and enforce the limits consistently.",
    "zh": "只要政府监测捕捞量并始终严格执行限额，捕捞配额就能保护海洋生物种群。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an import quota｜进口配额",
   "a fishing quota｜捕捞配额",
   "meet a quota｜完成配额指标",
   "impose a quota｜设定配额"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指允许的上限，也可指必须完成的指标。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quota"
 },
 {
  "w": "arouse",
  "uk": "/əˈraʊz/",
  "us": "/əˈraʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "激起；引起",
    "en": "To cause a feeling, interest, or reaction."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "唤醒",
    "en": "To wake someone from sleep."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The locked wooden box aroused my curiosity immediately.",
    "zh": "那个上锁的木盒立刻引起了我的好奇。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Proposals to replace public parks with commercial buildings are likely to arouse strong opposition among local residents.",
    "zh": "用商业建筑取代公共公园的提案很可能激起当地居民的强烈反对。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "arouse curiosity｜激起好奇心",
   "arouse suspicion｜引起怀疑",
   "arouse interest｜引起兴趣",
   "arouse opposition｜激起反对"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "arousal (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "provoke",
   "awaken"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "arouse 后接宾语；arise 表示“出现”，不接宾语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arouse"
 },
 {
  "w": "thrust",
  "uk": "/θrʌst/",
  "us": "/θrʌst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猛推；猛塞；插入",
    "en": "to push something suddenly and forcefully"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推力；猛推",
    "en": "a strong push or force that moves something forward"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "要旨；重点",
    "en": "the main idea or purpose of an argument or activity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He thrust his hands deep into his coat pockets.",
    "zh": "他猛地把双手插进大衣口袋深处。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The main thrust of the proposal is to improve public transport rather than build additional roads.",
    "zh": "这项提案的重点是改善公共交通，而非增建道路。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "thrust something into｜把某物猛塞进",
   "engine thrust｜发动机推力",
   "the main thrust of｜……的主要重点"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "push",
   "shove"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为thrust；要旨常用the thrust of。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thrust"
 },
 {
  "w": "patron",
  "uk": "/ˈpeɪtrən/",
  "us": "/ˈpeɪtrən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赞助人；资助者",
    "en": "Someone who supports an artist, organisation, or activity, often financially."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "顾客；常客",
    "en": "A customer of a restaurant, theatre, or similar place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A local patron paid for the young artist's materials.",
    "zh": "一位当地赞助人出钱为这位年轻艺术家购买了材料。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Private patrons can fund experimental art that might otherwise struggle to attract public financial support.",
    "zh": "私人赞助人能够资助那些可能难以获得公共资金支持的实验艺术。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "patron of the arts｜艺术赞助人",
   "wealthy patron｜富有的资助者",
   "regular patron｜常客"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "patronage (n.)",
   "patronise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "supporter",
   "sponsor",
   "customer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "patron既指资助者，也可正式地指餐馆等的顾客。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "patron"
 },
 {
  "w": "solvent",
  "uk": "/ˈsɒlvənt/",
  "us": "/ˈsɑːlvənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有偿债能力的",
    "en": "Able to pay all the money that is owed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "溶剂",
    "en": "A substance, usually liquid, that dissolves another substance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Careful budgeting kept our small shop solvent this year.",
    "zh": "精打细算使我们的小店今年保持了偿债能力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Businesses must remain solvent during economic downturns while continuing to meet their obligations to employees and suppliers.",
    "zh": "经济低迷期间，企业必须保持偿债能力，同时继续履行对员工和供应商的义务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remain solvent｜保持偿债能力",
   "a solvent company｜有偿债能力的公司",
   "an organic solvent｜有机溶剂",
   "a powerful solvent｜强效溶剂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "solvency (n.)",
   "insolvent (adj.)",
   "insolvency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "insolvent"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词指能偿债，不等于盈利；名词指溶剂。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "solvent"
 },
 {
  "w": "tumour",
  "uk": "/ˈtjuːmə/",
  "us": "/ˈtuːmər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "肿瘤",
    "en": "an abnormal mass of cells growing in the body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor explained that the tumour was not cancerous.",
    "zh": "医生解释说，这个肿瘤并非恶性的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early detection of a tumour can improve treatment options, although outcomes depend on its type and location.",
    "zh": "尽早发现肿瘤可增加治疗选择，但疗效取决于肿瘤的类型和位置。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "benign tumour｜良性肿瘤",
   "malignant tumour｜恶性肿瘤",
   "remove a tumour｜切除肿瘤",
   "tumour growth｜肿瘤生长"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写tumour，美式tumor；肿瘤不一定是癌。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tumour"
 },
 {
  "w": "fitting",
  "uk": "/ˈfɪtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈfɪtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "恰当的；相称的",
    "en": "suitable for a particular occasion, purpose, or person"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "配件；装置",
    "en": "a small part attached to furniture, equipment, or a building"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "试衣；试穿",
    "en": "an appointment to check and adjust how clothes fit"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Flowers seemed a fitting gift for our gardening teacher.",
    "zh": "送鲜花给我们的园艺老师似乎很合适。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A public library would be a fitting memorial to someone who dedicated their life to education.",
    "zh": "对于一位毕生奉献教育的人，公共图书馆会是恰当的纪念设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fitting tribute｜恰如其分的致敬",
   "a fitting conclusion｜恰当的结尾",
   "light fittings｜灯具配件",
   "a dress fitting｜连衣裙试穿"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fit (v.)",
   "fitted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "appropriate",
   "suitable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inappropriate",
   "unsuitable"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词强调场合上恰当；衣服合身通常用fit。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fitting"
 },
 {
  "w": "prophet",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒfɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːfɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "先知",
    "en": "Someone believed to communicate messages from a god."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "预言者",
    "en": "Someone who predicts future events or developments."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old painting shows a prophet addressing a crowd.",
    "zh": "这幅古画描绘了一位先知向人群讲话的情景。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Throughout history, religious communities have preserved the teachings of prophets through oral traditions and written accounts.",
    "zh": "纵观历史，宗教群体通过口述传统和书面记载保存了先知的教诲。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a religious prophet｜宗教先知",
   "a prophet of doom｜灾难预言者",
   "the teachings of a prophet｜先知的教诲"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prophecy (n.)",
   "prophesy (v.)",
   "prophetic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "seer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与profit（利润）同音；动词为prophesy。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prophet"
 },
 {
  "w": "violate",
  "uk": "/ˈvaɪəleɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈvaɪəleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "违反；违背",
    "en": "To act against a law, rule, or agreement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "侵犯；侵害",
    "en": "To fail to respect someone's rights or privacy."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leaving your car here violates the building's parking rules.",
    "zh": "把车停在这里违反了这栋楼的停车规定。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Collecting personal data without informed consent may violate citizens' privacy and undermine public trust in digital services.",
    "zh": "未经知情同意收集个人数据，可能侵犯公民隐私，并削弱公众对数字服务的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "violate the law｜违法",
   "violate an agreement｜违反协议",
   "violate human rights｜侵犯人权",
   "violate someone's privacy｜侵犯某人的隐私"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "violation (n.)",
   "violator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "breach",
   "contravene"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "respect"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接法律、协议、权利等宾语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "violate"
 },
 {
  "w": "cultivate",
  "uk": "/ˈkʌltɪveɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈkʌltɪveɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "耕作；栽培",
    "en": "To prepare land for crops or grow plants"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "培养；发展",
    "en": "To deliberately develop a skill, quality, interest, or relationship"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandparents cultivate vegetables in a small garden behind their house.",
    "zh": "我的祖父母在屋后的小菜园里种菜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should cultivate curiosity by encouraging students to ask questions and explore different solutions to practical problems.",
    "zh": "学校应鼓励学生提问并探索实际问题的不同解决方法，以培养好奇心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cultivate crops｜种植作物",
   "cultivate the land｜耕种土地",
   "cultivate an interest in｜培养对……的兴趣",
   "cultivate relationships｜经营关系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cultivation (n.)",
   "cultivator (n.)",
   "cultivated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grow",
   "nurture"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指种植作物，也可指有意识地培养兴趣或关系。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cultivate"
 },
 {
  "w": "elaboration",
  "uk": "/ɪˌlæbəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪˌlæbəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "详细阐述；补充说明",
    "en": "The addition of details to explain or develop something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your plan sounds promising but needs a little elaboration.",
    "zh": "你的计划听起来不错，但还需要补充一些细节。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Further elaboration on the proposed transport policy would help residents understand how their daily journeys might change.",
    "zh": "进一步阐述拟议的交通政策，有助于居民了解日常出行可能发生的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "further elaboration｜进一步阐述",
   "elaboration on a point｜对某一点的详细说明",
   "without elaboration｜未作详细说明"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "elaborate (v.)",
   "elaborate (adj.)",
   "elaborately (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "expansion",
   "explanation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "说明某一点常用elaboration on；动词为elaborate。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elaboration"
 },
 {
  "w": "slender",
  "uk": "/ˈslendə/",
  "us": "/ˈslendər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "苗条的；细长的",
    "en": "Thin in an attractive or delicate way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "微小的；微薄的",
    "en": "Small in amount or unlikely to be enough."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A slender branch bent under the bird's weight.",
    "zh": "一根细长的树枝被鸟的重量压弯了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses often operate with slender profit margins, making them particularly vulnerable to rising energy costs.",
    "zh": "小企业的利润率往往很低，因此尤其容易受到能源成本上涨的冲击。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a slender figure｜苗条的身材",
   "slender fingers｜纤细的手指",
   "a slender chance｜渺茫的机会",
   "a slender majority｜微弱多数"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "slenderness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "slim",
   "thin"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "thick"
  ],
  "tip": "形容身材常含赞美；也可形容机会、优势很小。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slender"
 },
 {
  "w": "placard",
  "uk": "/ˈplækɑːd/",
  "us": "/ˈplækɑːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "告示牌；标语牌",
    "en": "a large notice displayed publicly or carried during a demonstration"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She carried a handmade placard through the crowded square.",
    "zh": "她举着一块手工制作的标语牌穿过拥挤的广场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents held placards outside the town hall to demand safer cycling routes in their neighbourhood.",
    "zh": "居民们在市政厅外举着标语牌，要求在社区内设置更安全的骑行路线。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "carry a placard｜举着标语牌",
   "hold up a placard｜举起标语牌",
   "protest placard｜抗议标语牌"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指公开展示或游行时举着的大幅告示牌。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "placard"
 },
 {
  "w": "nostalgia",
  "uk": "/nɒˈstældʒə/",
  "us": "/nɑːˈstældʒə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "怀旧；对往昔的眷恋",
    "en": "warm, sometimes sad feelings about happy times in the past"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That old song fills me with nostalgia for school.",
    "zh": "那首老歌让我满怀对学生时代的眷恋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Nostalgia can encourage communities to preserve historic buildings, even when modern developments promise greater convenience.",
    "zh": "即使现代开发项目有望带来更多便利，怀旧之情也能促使社区保护历史建筑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nostalgia for the past｜对往昔的眷恋",
   "a wave of nostalgia｜一阵怀旧之情",
   "evoke nostalgia｜唤起怀旧之情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nostalgic (adj.)",
   "nostalgically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；nostalgia for后接怀念的时期或事物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nostalgia"
 },
 {
  "w": "antagonist",
  "uk": "/ænˈtæɡənɪst/",
  "us": "/ænˈtæɡənɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "对手；敌对者",
    "en": "Someone who strongly opposes another person."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "故事中的对立角色",
    "en": "A character who opposes the main character in a story."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The detective finally faced her antagonist in the empty theatre.",
    "zh": "那位女侦探终于在空荡荡的剧院里直面她的对手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In many novels, the antagonist challenges the central character's values rather than simply threatening their physical safety.",
    "zh": "在许多小说中，对立角色挑战的是主角的价值观，而不仅仅是威胁其人身安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a formidable antagonist｜强大的对手",
   "the main antagonist｜主要对立角色",
   "a political antagonist｜政敌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "antagonism (n.)",
   "antagonistic (adj.)",
   "antagonise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "opponent",
   "adversary"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ally"
  ],
  "tip": "故事中的antagonist与主角对立，不一定是坏人。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "antagonist"
 },
 {
  "w": "nullify",
  "uk": "/ˈnʌlɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈnʌlɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使失去法律效力",
    "en": "to make an agreement or decision legally invalid"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抵消；使无效",
    "en": "to remove the effect or value of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This missing signature could nullify the entire rental agreement.",
    "zh": "缺少这个签名可能使整份租赁协议失效。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising energy consumption could nullify the environmental benefits achieved through improvements in industrial efficiency.",
    "zh": "不断增长的能源消耗可能抵消工业效率提升所带来的环境效益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nullify a contract｜使合同无效",
   "nullify a decision｜使决定失效",
   "nullify the benefits｜抵消益处"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nullification (n.)",
   "null (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "invalidate",
   "cancel",
   "negate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "validate"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指法律上作废，也可指效果被抵消。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nullify"
 },
 {
  "w": "anatomy",
  "uk": "/əˈnætəmi/",
  "us": "/əˈnætəmi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "解剖学",
    "en": "the scientific study of the structure of living bodies"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "身体构造",
    "en": "the physical structure of a human, animal, or plant"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We studied anatomy using a plastic model of the heart.",
    "zh": "我们用一个塑料心脏模型学习解剖学。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A thorough knowledge of human anatomy helps medical students understand how injuries affect movement.",
    "zh": "深入了解人体解剖学有助于医学生理解损伤如何影响运动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "human anatomy｜人体解剖学",
   "study anatomy｜学习解剖学",
   "comparative anatomy｜比较解剖学"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "anatomical (adj.)",
   "anatomically (adv.)",
   "anatomist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "anatomy侧重身体结构，physiology侧重生理功能。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "anatomy"
 },
 {
  "w": "outright",
  "uk": "/ˌaʊtˈraɪt/",
  "us": "/ˌaʊtˈraɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "彻底地；直截了当地",
    "en": "Completely, immediately, or without hiding what you mean."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "一次付清地；完全拥有地",
    "en": "With full payment or ownership, rather than borrowing or sharing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "完全的；公然的",
    "en": "Complete or clear, with no attempt to hide it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My landlord rejected my request outright, without any discussion.",
    "zh": "房东直接拒绝了我的请求，完全没有商量。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rather than banning private cars outright, cities could encourage residents to use reliable and affordable public transport.",
    "zh": "城市可以鼓励居民使用可靠且价格合理的公共交通，而不是全面禁止私家车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reject outright｜断然拒绝",
   "buy outright｜一次付清购买",
   "an outright ban｜全面禁令",
   "an outright lie｜彻头彻尾的谎言"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "completely",
   "directly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "partially"
  ],
  "tip": "buy outright指一次付清；形容词常置于名词前。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outright"
 },
 {
  "w": "unthinkable",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈθɪŋkəbl/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈθɪŋkəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "难以想象的；不可接受的",
    "en": "too unlikely or unacceptable to imagine or consider seriously"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leaving our dog behind during the move was unthinkable.",
    "zh": "搬家时丢下我们的狗是绝对不可接受的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For many communities, closing the only local hospital would be unthinkable because residents depend on its services.",
    "zh": "对许多社区来说，关闭当地唯一的医院是不可接受的，因为居民依赖其服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an unthinkable idea｜不可接受的想法",
   "previously unthinkable｜以前难以想象的",
   "unthinkable consequences｜难以想象的后果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "think (v.)",
   "thinkable (adj.)",
   "unthinkably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unimaginable",
   "inconceivable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "conceivable",
   "thinkable"
  ],
  "tip": "比unlikely语气更强，常含“根本不能接受”之意。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unthinkable"
 },
 {
  "w": "trespass",
  "uk": "/ˈtrespəs/",
  "us": "/ˈtrespəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "擅自进入；非法侵入",
    "en": "to enter someone's land or property without permission"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "擅自进入；非法侵入行为",
    "en": "the act of entering someone's property without permission"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't trespass on the farm to take photographs.",
    "zh": "请不要为了拍照而擅自进入农场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear boundaries around protected habitats can discourage trespass and reduce disturbance to nesting birds.",
    "zh": "在受保护栖息地周围划定清晰边界，可以阻止擅自闯入并减少对筑巢鸟类的干扰。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "trespass on private property｜擅闯私人地产",
   "trespass on someone's land｜擅自进入他人的土地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trespasser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示擅闯某地常用trespass on，不指一般过失。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trespass"
 },
 {
  "w": "viable",
  "uk": "/ˈvaɪəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈvaɪəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可行的；能成功的",
    "en": "Able to work successfully in practice."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "能存活的；能发育的",
    "en": "Able to survive or develop into a living organism."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sharing a flat seems like a viable option.",
    "zh": "合租公寓似乎是个可行的选择。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport must be affordable and reliable to become a viable alternative to private cars.",
    "zh": "公共交通必须价格合理且运行可靠，才能成为私家车的可行替代选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "viable option｜可行的选择",
   "economically viable｜经济上可行的",
   "viable solution｜可行的解决方案",
   "viable seeds｜有发芽能力的种子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "viability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "feasible",
   "workable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unviable",
   "impractical"
  ],
  "tip": "主要指方案可行；生物学中指能存活或发育。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "viable"
 },
 {
  "w": "interim",
  "uk": "/ˈɪntərɪm/",
  "us": "/ˈɪntərɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "临时的；过渡期间的",
    "en": "Intended to last until a permanent arrangement is made."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "过渡期间；间隔时期",
    "en": "The period before a later event or permanent arrangement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our interim manager will stay until we find a replacement.",
    "zh": "我们的临时经理会留任，直到我们找到接替者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The council introduced interim housing measures while permanent accommodation was being built for families displaced by flooding.",
    "zh": "在为因洪灾失去住所的家庭建造永久住房期间，地方议会推出了临时住房措施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "interim report｜阶段性报告",
   "interim measures｜临时措施",
   "interim manager｜临时经理",
   "in the interim｜在此期间"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "temporary",
   "provisional"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "permanent"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词常置于名词前；in the interim意为在此期间。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "interim"
 },
 {
  "w": "breeding",
  "uk": "/ˈbriːdɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈbriːdɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "繁殖；育种",
    "en": "Animal reproduction, or controlled reproduction of animals and plants."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "教养",
    "en": "Polite behaviour learned through someone's upbringing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We avoid disturbing the birds during the breeding season.",
    "zh": "我们在繁殖季节避免打扰鸟类。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Selective breeding can improve crop yields, but it may also reduce genetic diversity within agricultural systems.",
    "zh": "选择性育种能够提高作物产量，但也可能降低农业系统内的遗传多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "breeding season｜繁殖季节",
   "selective breeding｜选择性育种",
   "captive breeding｜圈养繁殖",
   "breeding programme｜繁育计划"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "breed (v.)",
   "breeder (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "breeding侧重繁殖或人工育种；breed作名词指品种。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "breeding"
 },
 {
  "w": "barren",
  "uk": "/ˈbærən/",
  "us": "/ˈbærən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "贫瘠的；不毛的",
    "en": "Unable to support much plant growth."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无成果的；缺乏的",
    "en": "Producing nothing useful or lacking something important."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Only a few bushes grew on the barren hillside.",
    "zh": "贫瘠的山坡上只长着几丛灌木。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unsustainable farming can turn productive fields into barren land, threatening food security and forcing rural communities to relocate.",
    "zh": "不可持续的耕作方式会使良田变成荒地，威胁粮食安全，并迫使农村社区迁移。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "barren land｜荒地",
   "barren landscape｜荒芜的景观",
   "barren of｜缺乏……的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "barrenness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unproductive",
   "infertile"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fertile",
   "productive"
  ],
  "tip": "barren强调不生长或无产出；bare强调裸露、无遮挡。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "barren"
 },
 {
  "w": "assault",
  "uk": "/əˈsɒlt/",
  "us": "/əˈsɔːlt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "袭击；侵犯人身",
    "en": "a violent physical attack on someone"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "袭击；殴打",
    "en": "to attack someone physically"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A witness reported the assault to a nearby police officer.",
    "zh": "一名目击者向附近的警察报告了这起袭击事件。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Better street lighting may reduce the risk of assault and help residents feel safer after dark.",
    "zh": "改善街道照明可能降低人身袭击风险，让居民在天黑后更有安全感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "physical assault｜人身攻击",
   "an assault on someone｜对某人的袭击",
   "report an assault｜报告袭击事件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assailant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "attack"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词常接on；动词直接接人，不加介词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assault"
 },
 {
  "w": "animate",
  "uk": "/ˈænɪmeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈænɪmeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使有活力；使生动",
    "en": "To make someone or something more lively or engaging"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "把…制作成动画",
    "en": "To make drawings or models appear to move"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her funny stories always animate our family dinners.",
    "zh": "她的趣事总能让家庭聚餐活跃起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can animate classroom discussions by encouraging students to share experiences from their own communities.",
    "zh": "教师可以鼓励学生分享各自社区的经历，让课堂讨论活跃起来。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "animate a discussion｜使讨论活跃",
   "animate a character｜把角色制作成动画",
   "animated film｜动画电影"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "animation (n.)",
   "animated (adj.)",
   "animator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enliven",
   "energise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词末尾读/meɪt/；形容词末尾读/mət/。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "animate"
 },
 {
  "w": "tentative",
  "uk": "/ˈtentətɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈtentətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "暂定的；初步的",
    "en": "Not yet definite and possibly subject to change."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "犹豫的；试探性的",
    "en": "Showing uncertainty or a lack of confidence."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We made tentative plans to visit the coast next weekend.",
    "zh": "我们暂定下周末去海边游玩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers have drawn tentative conclusions, but further studies are needed before the treatment can be widely recommended.",
    "zh": "研究人员得出了初步结论，但在广泛推荐这种疗法之前，还需要进一步研究。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tentative plans｜暂定计划",
   "a tentative conclusion｜初步结论",
   "a tentative agreement｜初步协议",
   "a tentative smile｜试探性的微笑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tentatively (adv.)",
   "tentativeness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "provisional",
   "uncertain"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "definite",
   "confirmed"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指计划“暂定”，也可指动作“试探性”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tentative"
 },
 {
  "w": "chronological",
  "uk": "/ˌkrɒnəˈlɒdʒɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˌkrɑːnəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "按时间顺序的",
    "en": "Arranged in the order in which events happened."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We arranged the family photographs in chronological order.",
    "zh": "我们按时间先后排列了这些家庭照片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Presenting historical events in chronological order helps students understand how earlier developments influenced later social changes.",
    "zh": "按时间顺序呈现历史事件，有助于学生理解早期发展如何影响后来的社会变迁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chronological order｜时间顺序",
   "chronological account｜按时间顺序的叙述",
   "chronological sequence｜时间先后次序"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chronology (n.)",
   "chronologically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调事件发生的先后，不是重要性或逻辑顺序。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chronological"
 },
 {
  "w": "probe",
  "uk": "/prəʊb/",
  "us": "/proʊb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "深入调查；探查",
    "en": "To examine something closely to discover hidden information."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "深入调查",
    "en": "A detailed investigation into a problem or suspected wrongdoing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "探针；探测器",
    "en": "An instrument or spacecraft used to examine or explore something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The electrician probed behind the wall for damaged wires.",
    "zh": "电工探查墙后是否有损坏的电线。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent investigators should probe the causes of industrial accidents to prevent similar incidents in the future.",
    "zh": "独立调查人员应深入调查工业事故的原因，以防今后发生类似事件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "probe into｜深入调查",
   "launch a probe｜启动调查",
   "space probe｜太空探测器",
   "a medical probe｜医用探针"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "probing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "investigate",
   "examine",
   "explore"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词可直接接调查对象，也可用probe into。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "probe"
 },
 {
  "w": "nuance",
  "uk": "/ˈnjuːɑːns/",
  "us": "/ˈnuːɑːns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "细微差别",
    "en": "a small difference in meaning, feeling, sound, or appearance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her smile added a playful nuance to the apology.",
    "zh": "她的微笑让这句道歉多了一丝俏皮意味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Language learners need cultural knowledge to recognise nuances that dictionaries may not fully explain.",
    "zh": "语言学习者需要文化知识，才能辨别词典可能无法充分解释的细微差别。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "subtle nuance｜微妙差别",
   "nuances of meaning｜意义上的细微差别",
   "capture the nuances｜捕捉细微差别"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nuanced (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "subtlety"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用复数nuances，指意义、语气等细微差别。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nuance"
 },
 {
  "w": "smuggling",
  "uk": "/ˈsmʌɡlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈsmʌɡlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "走私；非法偷运",
    "en": "Illegally moving goods or people across borders or past controls."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The documentary explained how smuggling puts rare animals at risk.",
    "zh": "这部纪录片解释了走私如何危及珍稀动物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International cooperation is essential for tackling wildlife smuggling, which threatens biodiversity and undermines conservation efforts.",
    "zh": "国际合作对于打击野生动物走私至关重要，因为这种行为威胁生物多样性并破坏保护工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wildlife smuggling｜野生动物走私",
   "a smuggling ring｜走私团伙",
   "combat smuggling｜打击走私"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "smuggle (v.)",
   "smuggler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；动词搭配smuggle goods into a country。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "smuggling"
 },
 {
  "w": "proportional",
  "uk": "/prəˈpɔːʃənəl/",
  "us": "/prəˈpɔːrʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "成比例的",
    "en": "changing in a constant ratio to another quantity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相称的；适度的",
    "en": "appropriate in size or degree compared with something else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The delivery fee is proportional to the parcel's weight.",
    "zh": "运费与包裹的重量成正比。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental taxes should be proportional to the damage caused, encouraging businesses to adopt cleaner production methods.",
    "zh": "环境税应与造成的损害相称，从而鼓励企业采用更清洁的生产方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "directly proportional to｜与……成正比",
   "inversely proportional to｜与……成反比",
   "proportional representation｜比例代表制"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "proportion (n.)",
   "proportionally (adv.)",
   "disproportionate (adj.)",
   "proportionality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "proportionate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disproportionate"
  ],
  "tip": "常与to搭配；成正比用directly proportional to。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "proportional"
 },
 {
  "w": "statesman",
  "uk": "/ˈsteɪtsmən/",
  "us": "/ˈsteɪtsmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "受尊敬的资深政治家",
    "en": "an experienced male political leader respected for wisdom and judgement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The retired statesman spoke calmly to the gathered crowd.",
    "zh": "这位退休的资深政治家平静地向聚集的人群讲话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A respected statesman can help resolve international disputes by encouraging dialogue and building trust between governments.",
    "zh": "一位受尊敬的资深政治家可以通过鼓励对话、建立政府间信任，帮助解决国际争端。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "elder statesman｜政坛元老",
   "respected statesman｜受尊敬的政治家",
   "distinguished statesman｜杰出的政治家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stateswoman (n.)",
   "statesmanship (n.)",
   "statesmanlike (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常含褒义，不宜译作贬义的“政客”；女性用 stateswoman。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "statesman"
 },
 {
  "w": "enact",
  "uk": "/ɪˈnækt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈnækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "制定；通过法律",
    "en": "To make a proposal officially become law."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "表演；演出",
    "en": "To perform a story or event through acting."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children enacted a scene from their favourite story.",
    "zh": "孩子们表演了他们最喜欢的故事中的一个场景。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should enact legislation that protects vulnerable workers without placing excessive financial burdens on small businesses.",
    "zh": "政府应制定保护弱势劳动者的法律，同时避免给小企业带来过重的经济负担。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enact legislation｜制定法律",
   "enact a law｜通过一项法律",
   "enact a scene｜表演一个场景"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enactment (n.)",
   "reenact (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "enact指制定或通过法律；enforce指执行法律。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enact"
 },
 {
  "w": "bi",
  "uk": "/baɪ/",
  "us": "/baɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "双性恋的",
    "en": "bisexual; romantically or sexually attracted to more than one gender"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister is bi, and our family supports her.",
    "zh": "我姐姐是双性恋者，我们全家都支持她。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Inclusive workplace policies can help bi employees feel respected and reduce discrimination based on sexual orientation.",
    "zh": "包容性的职场政策有助于让双性恋员工感到受尊重，并减少基于性取向的歧视。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bi people｜双性恋者",
   "bi identity｜双性恋身份认同",
   "openly bi｜公开双性恋身份的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bisexual (adj.)",
   "bisexuality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bisexual"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "bi是bisexual的非正式简称；勿与前缀bi-混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bi"
 },
 {
  "w": "esthetic",
  "uk": "/iːsˈθetɪk/",
  "us": "/esˈθetɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "审美的；美学的",
    "en": "Relating to beauty or the appreciation of beautiful things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The curved wooden handle gives the kettle esthetic appeal.",
    "zh": "弯曲的木柄让这把水壶更具美感。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planners should balance the esthetic qualities of public spaces with accessibility and environmental sustainability.",
    "zh": "城市规划者应在公共空间的美感、无障碍使用和环境可持续性之间取得平衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "esthetic appeal｜审美吸引力",
   "esthetic value｜美学价值",
   "esthetic qualities｜美感特质"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "esthetically (adv.)",
   "esthetics (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "aesthetic"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "esthetic是美式变体；雅思中更常见aesthetic。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "esthetic"
 },
 {
  "w": "inorganic",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnɔːˈɡænɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnɔːrˈɡænɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无机的",
    "en": "relating to substances generally without carbon bonded to hydrogen"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Today we examined inorganic compounds, including salt, in science class.",
    "zh": "今天科学课上，我们研究了包括盐在内的无机化合物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive use of inorganic fertilisers can damage soil quality and contribute to pollution in nearby rivers.",
    "zh": "过量使用无机肥料可能损害土壤质量，并造成附近河流污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inorganic chemistry｜无机化学",
   "inorganic compounds｜无机化合物",
   "inorganic fertilisers｜无机肥料",
   "inorganic matter｜无机物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "organic (adj.)",
   "inorganically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "organic"
  ],
  "tip": "无机物并非都不含碳，如二氧化碳也是无机物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inorganic"
 },
 {
  "w": "desertification",
  "uk": "/dɪˌzɜːtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˌzɝːtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "荒漠化；沙漠化",
    "en": "the process by which productive land becomes desert"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Desertification has left the fields around our village bare.",
    "zh": "荒漠化使我们村子周围的田地变得光秃秃的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sustainable farming practices can slow desertification by protecting soil and preserving vegetation in dry regions.",
    "zh": "可持续的农业做法能够保护土壤、保留干旱地区的植被，从而减缓荒漠化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "combat desertification｜防治荒漠化",
   "prevent desertification｜防止荒漠化",
   "land degradation and desertification｜土地退化与荒漠化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "desert (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；强调土地逐渐退化为荒漠。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "desertification"
 },
 {
  "w": "embark",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈbɑːk/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈbɑːrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开始从事；着手",
    "en": "To begin a project, activity, or course of action"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "上船；登机",
    "en": "To board a ship or aircraft for a journey"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We are ready to embark on our kitchen renovation.",
    "zh": "我们准备开始翻修厨房了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before students embark on professional training, they should consider both their interests and future employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "学生在开始职业培训前，应兼顾自身兴趣和未来就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "embark on a project｜着手开展项目",
   "embark on a career｜开始职业生涯",
   "embark on a journey｜踏上旅程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "embarkation (n.)",
   "disembark (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "begin",
   "commence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示着手做某事时，用embark on或upon。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "embark"
 },
 {
  "w": "cohesion",
  "uk": "/kəʊˈhiːʒən/",
  "us": "/koʊˈhiːʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "凝聚力；团结",
    "en": "The strength of connection that keeps a group together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "篇章衔接",
    "en": "The way parts of a text connect through language"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our weekly team lunches helped build cohesion at work.",
    "zh": "我们每周的团队午餐有助于增强工作中的凝聚力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shared public spaces can strengthen social cohesion by encouraging regular interaction between residents from different backgrounds.",
    "zh": "共享公共空间能促进不同背景的居民经常交流，从而增强社会凝聚力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "social cohesion｜社会凝聚力",
   "team cohesion｜团队凝聚力",
   "cohesion and coherence｜衔接与连贯"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cohesive (adj.)",
   "cohesively (adv.)",
   "cohere (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unity",
   "togetherness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disunity"
  ],
  "tip": "写作中cohesion指语言衔接，coherence指逻辑连贯。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cohesion"
 },
 {
  "w": "conquest",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒŋkwest/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːŋkwest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "征服；攻占",
    "en": "the act of taking control of a country by force"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "征服的领土",
    "en": "a place brought under control through military force"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The castle fell after months of fighting and conquest.",
    "zh": "经过数月的战斗与征服，这座城堡陷落了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Military conquest often reshaped trade networks and introduced new languages to regions under foreign rule.",
    "zh": "军事征服往往重塑贸易网络，并将新语言带入受外来统治的地区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "military conquest｜军事征服",
   "territorial conquest｜领土征服",
   "wars of conquest｜征服战争"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conquer (v.)",
   "conqueror (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示征服行为可不可数；指征服的领土时可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conquest"
 },
 {
  "w": "rivalry",
  "uk": "/ˈraɪvəlri/",
  "us": "/ˈraɪvəlri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "竞争；对抗",
    "en": "Competition between people or groups seeking the same success."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is friendly rivalry between our two football teams.",
    "zh": "我们两支足球队之间存在友好的竞争。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Commercial rivalry can encourage innovation, although excessive competition may discourage companies from sharing valuable research findings.",
    "zh": "商业竞争可以促进创新，但过度竞争可能使企业不愿分享有价值的研究成果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "intense rivalry｜激烈竞争",
   "sibling rivalry｜兄弟姐妹间的竞争",
   "rivalry between teams｜队伍之间的竞争"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rival (n.)",
   "rival (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "competition"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cooperation"
  ],
  "tip": "强调持续的竞争关系，双方之间常用between。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rivalry"
 },
 {
  "w": "daze",
  "uk": "/deɪz/",
  "us": "/deɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使发懵；使恍惚",
    "en": "To leave someone confused and unable to think clearly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恍惚；迷茫状态",
    "en": "A state of confusion or reduced awareness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sudden crash dazed me for a moment.",
    "zh": "突如其来的撞击声让我一时发懵。"
   },
   {
    "en": "After several nights of poor sleep, employees may work in a daze and make avoidable mistakes.",
    "zh": "连续几晚睡眠不足后，员工可能工作时精神恍惚，犯下本可避免的错误。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in a daze｜处于恍惚状态",
   "leave someone dazed｜使某人发懵",
   "look dazed｜显得茫然"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dazed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stun",
   "bewilder"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in a daze指恍惚；表示光线刺眼通常用dazzle。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "daze"
 },
 {
  "w": "criterion",
  "uk": "/kraɪˈtɪəriən/",
  "us": "/kraɪˈtɪriən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "评判标准；准则",
    "en": "A standard used to judge something or make a decision."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Price was my main criterion when choosing a bicycle.",
    "zh": "选自行车时，价格是我的主要衡量标准。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental impact should be a key criterion when governments assess proposals for new transport infrastructure.",
    "zh": "政府评估新交通基础设施提案时，应将环境影响作为重要标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "meet a criterion｜符合一项标准",
   "selection criteria｜筛选标准",
   "assessment criteria｜评估标准"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "standard",
   "benchmark"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单数criterion，复数criteria；不能说a criteria。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "criterion"
 },
 {
  "w": "piggyback",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪɡibæk/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪɡibæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "背驮；背着人走",
    "en": "a ride on someone's back, with legs around their waist"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在背上骑着",
    "en": "on someone's back with legs around their waist"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "借助；利用现成条件",
    "en": "to use something already established to achieve your own aim"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle gave me a piggyback across the muddy path.",
    "zh": "叔叔背着我走过了泥泞的小路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small businesses can piggyback on existing delivery networks to reach distant customers without investing in their own vehicles.",
    "zh": "小企业可以利用现有配送网络服务远方客户，无须投资购置自己的车辆。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "give someone a piggyback｜背某人",
   "a piggyback ride｜骑在别人背上",
   "piggyback on existing systems｜借助现有系统"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指骑在背上而非肩上；动词常接on。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "piggyback"
 },
 {
  "w": "exceedingly",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈsiːdɪŋli/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈsiːdɪŋli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "极其；非常",
    "en": "To a very great degree."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The little bakery was exceedingly busy on Saturday morning.",
    "zh": "周六早上，那家小面包店忙得不可开交。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing reliable public transport in sparsely populated areas can be exceedingly expensive for local authorities.",
    "zh": "对于地方政府而言，在人口稀少的地区提供可靠的公共交通可能极其昂贵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exceedingly difficult｜极其困难",
   "exceedingly rare｜极为罕见",
   "exceedingly expensive｜极其昂贵"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exceed (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "extremely",
   "exceptionally",
   "very"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比 very 更正式，常修饰形容词或副词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exceedingly"
 },
 {
  "w": "humanitarian",
  "uk": "/hjuːˌmænɪˈteəriən/",
  "us": "/hjuːˌmænɪˈteriən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "人道主义的",
    "en": "Concerned with reducing suffering and improving people's lives."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人道主义者",
    "en": "Someone who works to reduce suffering and improve human welfare."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Volunteers packed blankets and medicine for the humanitarian mission.",
    "zh": "志愿者为这次人道主义援助行动打包了毛毯和药品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International humanitarian organisations provide essential supplies to communities affected by natural disasters and armed conflict.",
    "zh": "国际人道主义组织向遭受自然灾害和武装冲突的社区提供必需物资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "humanitarian aid｜人道主义援助",
   "humanitarian crisis｜人道主义危机",
   "humanitarian grounds｜人道主义理由"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "humanitarianism (n.)",
   "humanity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调减轻人类苦难，不等同于一般的慷慨。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "humanitarian"
 },
 {
  "w": "pledge",
  "uk": "/pledʒ/",
  "us": "/pledʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "郑重承诺；誓言",
    "en": "A serious promise to do or provide something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "郑重承诺；保证",
    "en": "Formally promise to do or give something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We made a pledge to keep the beach clean.",
    "zh": "我们郑重承诺保持海滩清洁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities have pledged to improve public transport and reduce traffic congestion over the next decade.",
    "zh": "地方政府已承诺在未来十年改善公共交通并缓解交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a pledge｜作出承诺",
   "honour a pledge｜履行承诺",
   "pledge support｜承诺支持",
   "pledge to do something｜承诺做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "promise",
   "commitment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比promise更正式；动词常接to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pledge"
 },
 {
  "w": "conspicuous",
  "uk": "/kənˈspɪkjuəs/",
  "us": "/kənˈspɪkjuəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "显眼的；引人注目的",
    "en": "easy to notice because of being unusual or different"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her yellow umbrella was conspicuous among the black ones.",
    "zh": "在一片黑色雨伞中，她的黄色雨伞格外显眼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Conspicuous consumption can encourage unnecessary spending as people seek to display their wealth through expensive possessions.",
    "zh": "炫耀性消费可能助长不必要的开支，因为人们试图通过昂贵物品展示财富。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conspicuous consumption｜炫耀性消费",
   "a conspicuous place｜显眼的位置",
   "conspicuous by its absence｜因缺失而格外引人注意"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conspicuously (adv.)",
   "inconspicuous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "noticeable",
   "prominent",
   "striking"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inconspicuous"
  ],
  "tip": "强调容易被注意到，不一定表示重要。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conspicuous"
 },
 {
  "w": "gunpowder",
  "uk": "/ˈɡʌnˌpaʊdə/",
  "us": "/ˈɡʌnˌpaʊdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "火药；黑火药",
    "en": "An explosive powder historically used in guns and still in fireworks."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum guide showed us an old gunpowder barrel.",
    "zh": "博物馆讲解员给我们看了一个旧火药桶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The introduction of gunpowder changed military technology and influenced the design of defensive structures in many regions.",
    "zh": "火药的引入改变了军事技术，也影响了许多地区防御建筑的设计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the invention of gunpowder｜火药的发明",
   "a barrel of gunpowder｜一桶火药",
   "gunpowder storage｜火药储存"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "black powder"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；一桶火药用a barrel of gunpowder。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gunpowder"
 },
 {
  "w": "salvage",
  "uk": "/ˈsælvɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈsælvɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抢救；打捞",
    "en": "To save useful things from damage, loss, or destruction."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挽救；挽回",
    "en": "To prevent a situation or effort from failing completely."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抢救；打捞；获救财物",
    "en": "The recovery of damaged property, or the property recovered."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We managed to salvage some books after the flood.",
    "zh": "洪水过后，我们设法抢救出了一些书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Construction companies can salvage valuable materials from old buildings, reducing waste and demand for new resources.",
    "zh": "建筑公司可以从旧建筑中回收有价值的材料，减少废物以及对新资源的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "salvage materials｜抢救回收材料",
   "salvage operation｜抢救作业",
   "salvage a reputation｜挽回声誉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "salvageable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "recover",
   "save"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "多指抢救财物；救人通常用rescue。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "salvage"
 },
 {
  "w": "roam",
  "uk": "/rəʊm/",
  "us": "/roʊm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "漫游；随意走动",
    "en": "To move around freely without a fixed route or destination."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We roamed through the market until our feet hurt.",
    "zh": "我们在市场里闲逛，直到走得脚疼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protected wildlife corridors allow large animals to roam freely between habitats without crossing busy roads.",
    "zh": "受保护的野生动物廊道让大型动物无需穿越繁忙道路，就能在栖息地之间自由活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "roam freely｜自由活动",
   "roam the streets｜在街头游荡",
   "roam around｜四处闲逛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "roaming (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wander",
   "rove"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可直接接地点，也可用roam around或through。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "roam"
 },
 {
  "w": "hijack",
  "uk": "/ˈhaɪdʒæk/",
  "us": "/ˈhaɪdʒæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "劫持交通工具",
    "en": "to illegally seize control of a vehicle during a journey"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "操控；劫用",
    "en": "to take control of something for your own purposes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One guest hijacked the conversation to discuss his own problems.",
    "zh": "一位客人把话题全转到了自己的烦恼上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Powerful interest groups may hijack public debates, preventing communities from discussing their most urgent concerns.",
    "zh": "强势利益集团可能操控公共讨论，使社区无法讨论自身最迫切的问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hijack a plane｜劫持飞机",
   "hijack a debate｜操控讨论",
   "hijack the conversation｜把谈话据为己用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hijacker (n.)",
   "hijacking (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "本义是劫持交通工具；也可比喻操控讨论或议程。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hijack"
 },
 {
  "w": "periodical",
  "uk": "/ˌpɪəriˈɒdɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˌpɪriˈɑːdɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "期刊；杂志",
    "en": "A publication released regularly, containing articles on particular subjects."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "定期的；周期性的",
    "en": "Happening or appearing repeatedly at intervals."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The library keeps that periodical beside the newspapers.",
    "zh": "图书馆把那种期刊放在报纸旁边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Academic periodicals allow researchers to share findings, although subscription costs can limit access for smaller institutions.",
    "zh": "学术期刊让研究人员能够分享成果，但订阅费用可能限制小型机构获取这些资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "academic periodical｜学术期刊",
   "monthly periodical｜月刊",
   "periodical publication｜定期出版物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "period (n.)",
   "periodic (adj.)",
   "periodically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "journal",
   "magazine"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词指期刊；表示定期发生时，periodic更常用。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "periodical"
 },
 {
  "w": "colonel",
  "uk": "/ˈkɜːnəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkɝːnəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陆军或空军上校",
    "en": "a senior army or air force officer"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The colonel greeted the soldiers outside the camp.",
    "zh": "上校在营地外向士兵们打招呼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A colonel coordinated the military's emergency response, ensuring that isolated communities received food and medical supplies.",
    "zh": "一名上校协调了军方的应急行动，确保与外界隔绝的社区获得食物和医疗物资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an army colonel｜陆军上校",
   "promoted to colonel｜晋升为上校",
   "a retired colonel｜退役上校"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "发音与kernel相同，字母l在此不发/l/音。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "colonel"
 },
 {
  "w": "fibreglass",
  "uk": "/ˈfaɪbəɡlɑːs/",
  "us": "/ˈfaɪbərɡlæs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "玻璃纤维；玻璃钢",
    "en": "fine glass fibres, or plastic strengthened with these fibres"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our small fibreglass boat is easy to carry ashore.",
    "zh": "我们的玻璃钢小船很容易搬上岸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fibreglass is widely used in construction because it combines low weight with considerable strength and durability.",
    "zh": "玻璃纤维材料兼具重量轻、强度高和耐用的特点，因此广泛用于建筑业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fibreglass insulation｜玻璃纤维隔热材料",
   "a fibreglass boat｜玻璃钢船",
   "fibreglass panels｜玻璃钢板"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写fibreglass，美式拼写fiberglass。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fibreglass"
 },
 {
  "w": "artery",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːtəri/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːrtəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动脉",
    "en": "A blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "交通干道；要道",
    "en": "A main road or route carrying heavy traffic."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor explained how blood flows through an artery.",
    "zh": "医生解释了血液如何流经动脉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The new railway will become a major transport artery connecting rural communities with regional markets.",
    "zh": "这条新铁路将成为连接乡村社区与区域市场的交通大动脉。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "coronary artery｜冠状动脉",
   "blocked artery｜堵塞的动脉",
   "major artery｜交通要道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "arterial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动脉将血液送离心脏；静脉是vein。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "artery"
 },
 {
  "w": "hoof",
  "uk": "/huːf/",
  "us": "/huːf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蹄",
    "en": "the hard covering of a horse's or similar animal's foot"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer gently lifted the horse's hoof for inspection.",
    "zh": "农夫轻轻抬起马蹄进行检查。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular hoof care is essential for preventing pain and maintaining the health of working horses.",
    "zh": "定期护理马蹄对于预防疼痛和保持役马健康至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hoof care｜蹄部护理",
   "hoof print｜蹄印",
   "a horse's hoof｜马蹄"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hooved (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数hooves和hoofs都正确，hooves更常见。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hoof"
 },
 {
  "w": "gaol",
  "uk": "/dʒeɪl/",
  "us": "/dʒeɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "监狱",
    "en": "An older British spelling of jail, a place holding prisoners."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "监禁",
    "en": "To put someone in prison; an older spelling of jail."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We visited the old gaol during our walking tour.",
    "zh": "我们在徒步游览时参观了那座旧监狱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The former gaol now serves as a museum exploring changes in punishment and prison conditions.",
    "zh": "这座昔日的监狱现已成为博物馆，展示刑罚和监狱条件的变迁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "old gaol｜旧监狱",
   "gaol sentence｜监禁刑罚",
   "gaol cell｜牢房"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gaoler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "jail",
   "prison"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "gaol是jail的旧式英式拼法，读音相同。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gaol"
 },
 {
  "w": "unprecedented",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈpresɪdentɪd/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈpresɪdentɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "前所未有的；空前的",
    "en": "Never having happened or existed before."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery received an unprecedented flood of orders today.",
    "zh": "今天这家面包店收到了空前大量的订单。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many coastal communities face unprecedented challenges as rising sea levels threaten homes, infrastructure, and local livelihoods.",
    "zh": "随着海平面上升威胁住房、基础设施和当地生计，许多沿海社区面临前所未有的挑战。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unprecedented growth｜空前的增长",
   "on an unprecedented scale｜以空前的规模",
   "unprecedented challenges｜前所未有的挑战"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "precedent (n.)",
   "precedented (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unheard-of"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调从未发生过，不只是程度很大或不常见。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unprecedented"
 },
 {
  "w": "delinquency",
  "uk": "/dɪˈlɪŋkwənsi/",
  "us": "/dɪˈlɪŋkwənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "青少年违法行为",
    "en": "illegal or unacceptable behaviour, especially by young people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "逾期未付款",
    "en": "failure to make a required payment on time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our youth club helps teenagers stay away from delinquency.",
    "zh": "我们的青少年俱乐部帮助青少年远离违法行为。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Affordable recreational facilities and supportive mentoring programmes may help reduce juvenile delinquency in disadvantaged neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "价格可负担的娱乐设施和支持性的辅导项目可能有助于减少弱势社区的青少年违法行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "juvenile delinquency｜青少年违法犯罪",
   "prevent delinquency｜预防违法行为",
   "loan delinquency｜贷款逾期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "delinquent (adj.)",
   "delinquent (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常见于juvenile delinquency，不能泛指普通小错误。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "delinquency"
 },
 {
  "w": "barge",
  "uk": "/bɑːdʒ/",
  "us": "/bɑːrdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "驳船；平底货船",
    "en": "A flat-bottomed boat carrying goods on rivers or canals"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "冲撞；闯入",
    "en": "To move roughly or rudely past people or into somewhere"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A barge loaded with sand passed beneath the bridge.",
    "zh": "一艘满载沙子的驳船从桥下驶过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Transporting construction materials by barge can reduce the number of heavy vehicles travelling through crowded urban areas.",
    "zh": "用驳船运输建筑材料可以减少穿行拥挤城区的重型车辆。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cargo barge｜货运驳船",
   "by barge｜用驳船运输",
   "barge into a room｜闯入房间",
   "barge past someone｜硬挤过某人身旁"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常搭配in或into，含鲁莽闯入之意。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "barge"
 },
 {
  "w": "forensic",
  "uk": "/fəˈrensɪk/",
  "us": "/fəˈrensɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "法医的；司法鉴定的",
    "en": "relating to scientific methods used to investigate crime"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "细致严密的",
    "en": "examining details with great care and precision"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The forensic team carefully examined fingerprints on the window.",
    "zh": "司法鉴定团队仔细检查了窗户上的指纹。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in forensic science can help courts assess evidence more accurately and reduce wrongful convictions.",
    "zh": "司法鉴定科学的进步能帮助法庭更准确地评估证据，减少错误定罪。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "forensic science｜司法鉴定科学",
   "forensic evidence｜科学鉴定证据",
   "forensic analysis｜司法鉴定分析",
   "forensic examination｜法医检验；细致审查"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "forensically (adv.)",
   "forensics (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "forensic通常作形容词；学科名词常用forensics。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "forensic"
 },
 {
  "w": "frugal",
  "uk": "/ˈfruːɡəl/",
  "us": "/ˈfruːɡəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "节俭的；朴素的",
    "en": "Careful with money or resources, avoiding unnecessary spending or waste."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My frugal neighbour repairs his clothes instead of replacing them.",
    "zh": "我那位节俭的邻居会修补衣服，而不是买新的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A frugal lifestyle can reduce household waste without necessarily lowering a family's quality of life.",
    "zh": "节俭的生活方式可以减少家庭垃圾，而不一定会降低家庭生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "frugal lifestyle｜节俭的生活方式",
   "frugal habits｜节俭的习惯",
   "frugal meal｜简单的饭菜"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "frugality (n.)",
   "frugally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thrifty",
   "economical"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "extravagant",
   "wasteful"
  ],
  "tip": "通常含褒义，强调不浪费；不等于吝啬的stingy。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "frugal"
 },
 {
  "w": "whisker",
  "uk": "/ˈwɪskə/",
  "us": "/ˈwɪskər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "动物的须",
    "en": "a long, stiff hair growing near an animal's mouth"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胡须；络腮胡子",
    "en": "a hair growing on a man's cheeks or chin"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A tiny drop of milk hung from one whisker.",
    "zh": "一滴小小的牛奶挂在一根胡须上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each whisker provides sensory information that helps some mammals navigate confined spaces and detect changes in their surroundings.",
    "zh": "每根触须都能提供感官信息，帮助某些哺乳动物在狭窄空间中行动并察觉周围的变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cat's whiskers｜猫的胡须",
   "twitch its whiskers｜抖动胡须",
   "by a whisker｜以微弱差距"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "whiskered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常用复数whiskers；by a whisker表示仅差一点。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "whisker"
 },
 {
  "w": "cognitive",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒɡnətɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːɡnətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "认知的",
    "en": "Related to mental processes such as learning, remembering, and understanding."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These puzzles help my grandmother keep her cognitive skills sharp.",
    "zh": "这些益智游戏帮助我祖母保持敏锐的认知能力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular physical activity may support cognitive development in children and help older adults maintain their memory.",
    "zh": "规律的身体活动可能促进儿童认知发展，并帮助老年人保持记忆力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cognitive development｜认知发展",
   "cognitive ability｜认知能力",
   "cognitive decline｜认知衰退",
   "cognitive function｜认知功能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cognition (n.)",
   "cognitively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常修饰ability、development等，侧重思维和记忆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cognitive"
 },
 {
  "w": "slaughter",
  "uk": "/ˈslɔːtə/",
  "us": "/ˈslɔːtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "屠宰；宰杀",
    "en": "To kill animals, usually for food"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "屠宰；大规模杀戮",
    "en": "The killing of animals for food, or many people cruelly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "屠杀",
    "en": "To kill many people cruelly, especially those unable to defend themselves"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer explained why some animals are slaughtered for food.",
    "zh": "农场主解释了为什么有些动物会被宰杀供人食用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strict regulations on how animals are slaughtered can improve welfare standards throughout the food production industry.",
    "zh": "严格规范动物屠宰方式，可以提高整个食品生产行业的动物福利标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "slaughter animals｜屠宰动物",
   "slaughter for food｜宰杀供食用",
   "mass slaughter｜大规模屠杀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "slaughterhouse (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "kill"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指宰杀动物或残酷杀戮，语气强；不用于普通死亡。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slaughter"
 },
 {
  "w": "intensify",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtensɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtensɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "增强；加剧；使强化",
    "en": "become stronger or more extreme, or make something so"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rain intensified as we hurried towards the station.",
    "zh": "我们匆忙赶往车站时，雨下得更大了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising temperatures may intensify water shortages in regions that already experience long periods of drought.",
    "zh": "气温上升可能加剧长期遭受干旱地区的缺水问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "intensify efforts｜加大力度",
   "intensify pressure｜加大压力",
   "competition intensifies｜竞争加剧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intense (adj.)",
   "intensity (n.)",
   "intensification (n.)",
   "intensely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "strengthen",
   "heighten"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "weaken",
   "ease"
  ],
  "tip": "可直接接宾语，也可不接：压力本身也会加剧。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intensify"
 },
 {
  "w": "eminent",
  "uk": "/ˈemɪnənt/",
  "us": "/ˈemɪnənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "杰出且受尊敬的",
    "en": "Famous and respected for achievements in a particular field."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An eminent surgeon visited our local hospital yesterday.",
    "zh": "一位杰出的外科医生昨天来访了我们当地的医院。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities often invite eminent researchers to share their findings and inspire students to pursue academic careers.",
    "zh": "大学常邀请杰出的研究人员分享研究成果，激励学生从事学术工作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "eminent scholar｜杰出学者",
   "eminent scientist｜著名科学家",
   "internationally eminent｜享有国际盛誉的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eminence (n.)",
   "eminently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "distinguished",
   "renowned"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unknown"
  ],
  "tip": "eminent指杰出；imminent指即将发生。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eminent"
 },
 {
  "w": "ration",
  "uk": "/ˈræʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈræʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "配给量；定量口粮",
    "en": "A fixed amount of food or supplies allowed to someone."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "定量供应；配给",
    "en": "To limit how much of something each person can have."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each hiker packed a daily ration of nuts and dried fruit.",
    "zh": "每位徒步者都装好了一天份的坚果和果干。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During prolonged droughts, local authorities may ration water to ensure that every household receives an adequate supply.",
    "zh": "在长期干旱期间，地方当局可能会定量供水，以确保每户都能获得足够的水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a daily ration｜每日配给量",
   "food rations｜配给口粮",
   "ration water｜定量供水"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rationing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "allocation",
   "allotment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词可用ration someone to，表示限量。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ration"
 },
 {
  "w": "pivot",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪvət/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪvət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "枢轴；支点",
    "en": "A fixed point around which something turns."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "转动；转身",
    "en": "To turn around a fixed point or on one foot."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "转变方向；调整策略",
    "en": "To change direction, strategy, or focus."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The seesaw turned smoothly on its central pivot.",
    "zh": "跷跷板绕着中央支点平稳地转动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small companies may need to pivot towards online services as consumer habits change and operating costs rise.",
    "zh": "随着消费者习惯改变和运营成本上升，小公司可能需要转向线上服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a central pivot｜中央枢轴",
   "pivot on one foot｜以一只脚为轴转身",
   "pivot towards online services｜转向线上服务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pivotal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pivotal 表示关键的；pivot 作动词也可指策略转向。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pivot"
 },
 {
  "w": "insomnia",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈsɒmniə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈsɑːmniə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "失眠；失眠症",
    "en": "a condition involving difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His insomnia left him awake long after midnight again.",
    "zh": "失眠让他又一次到了深夜仍然清醒着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Persistent insomnia can affect concentration at work and may require advice from a healthcare professional.",
    "zh": "持续失眠会影响工作时的注意力，可能需要咨询医疗专业人员。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "suffer from insomnia｜受失眠困扰",
   "chronic insomnia｜慢性失眠",
   "treat insomnia｜治疗失眠"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "insomniac (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sleeplessness"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "insomnia是不可数名词，常与suffer from连用。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "insomnia"
 },
 {
  "w": "accord",
  "uk": "/əˈkɔːd/",
  "us": "/əˈkɔːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "正式协议",
    "en": "A formal agreement between countries, groups, or organisations."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一致；协调",
    "en": "Agreement or harmony between people, ideas, or actions."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给予；授予",
    "en": "To give someone respect, rights, or special treatment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The two clubs reached an accord over sharing equipment.",
    "zh": "两家俱乐部就共用器材达成了协议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An international accord on emissions could encourage countries to adopt cleaner technologies and protect vulnerable ecosystems.",
    "zh": "一项关于排放的国际协议可以鼓励各国采用更清洁的技术，并保护脆弱的生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reach an accord｜达成协议",
   "in accord with｜与……一致",
   "of your own accord｜自愿地",
   "accord equal rights｜给予平等权利"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accordance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "agreement",
   "harmony"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disagreement"
  ],
  "tip": "of your own accord意为自愿地，无需别人要求。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accord"
 },
 {
  "w": "virtue",
  "uk": "/ˈvɜːtʃuː/",
  "us": "/ˈvɝːtʃuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "美德；高尚品德",
    "en": "A morally good quality or morally good behaviour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "优点；长处",
    "en": "A useful or desirable quality of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather always said that patience was a virtue.",
    "zh": "我祖父总说，耐心是一种美德。"
   },
   {
    "en": "One virtue of public transport is its ability to move large numbers of people using relatively little space.",
    "zh": "公共交通的一大优点是能利用相对较少的空间运送大量乘客。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "moral virtue｜道德美德",
   "the virtues of｜……的优点",
   "by virtue of｜由于；凭借"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "virtuous (adj.)",
   "virtuously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "goodness",
   "merit"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "vice"
  ],
  "tip": "by virtue of意为由于或凭借，并非凭美德。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "virtue"
 },
 {
  "w": "fluctuation",
  "uk": "/ˌflʌktʃuˈeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌflʌktʃuˈeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "波动；起伏",
    "en": "A change in level or amount, especially up and down."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A sudden temperature fluctuation made the shower briefly cold.",
    "zh": "水温突然波动，让淋浴的水短暂变凉了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Frequent fluctuations in food prices make it difficult for low-income households to plan their monthly spending.",
    "zh": "食品价格频繁波动，使低收入家庭难以规划每月开支。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "price fluctuations｜价格波动",
   "seasonal fluctuations｜季节性波动",
   "fluctuations in demand｜需求波动",
   "temperature fluctuations｜温度波动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fluctuate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "variation"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "stability"
  ],
  "tip": "常用fluctuations in加变化的指标，如prices。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fluctuation"
 },
 {
  "w": "deception",
  "uk": "/dɪˈsepʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˈsepʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "欺骗；欺诈手段",
    "en": "the act of deliberately making someone believe something false"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her cheerful smile hid her disappointment, a small deception.",
    "zh": "她用愉快的笑容掩饰了失望，这是一个小小的伪装。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear advertising regulations can protect consumers from deception and encourage greater trust in online markets.",
    "zh": "明确的广告法规能够保护消费者免受欺骗，并增强他们对网络市场的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deliberate deception｜蓄意欺骗",
   "practise deception｜实施欺骗",
   "an act of deception｜欺骗行为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deceive (v.)",
   "deceptive (adj.)",
   "deceptively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deceit",
   "trickery"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "honesty"
  ],
  "tip": "deception强调故意使人信以为真，不是普通错误。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deception"
 },
 {
  "w": "obscure",
  "uk": "/əbˈskjʊə/",
  "us": "/əbˈskjʊr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "鲜为人知的",
    "en": "Not known by many people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "费解的；不清楚的",
    "en": "Difficult to understand or not clearly expressed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "遮蔽；使模糊",
    "en": "Prevent something from being seen or understood clearly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found an obscure little museum behind the station.",
    "zh": "我们在车站后面发现了一家鲜为人知的小博物馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Overly technical language can obscure important findings, making scientific research less accessible to the public.",
    "zh": "过于专业的语言可能使重要发现变得难以理解，降低公众了解科研成果的便利程度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an obscure writer｜鲜为人知的作家",
   "an obscure reference｜难懂的典故",
   "obscure the view｜遮挡视线",
   "obscure the truth｜掩盖真相"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "obscurity (n.)",
   "obscurely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "little-known",
   "unclear",
   "conceal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "famous",
   "clear"
  ],
  "tip": "作形容词指无名或难懂；作动词指遮蔽或掩盖。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obscure"
 },
 {
  "w": "insider",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈsaɪdə/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈsaɪdər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "内部人士；知情者",
    "en": "Someone within a group who has access to private information."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An insider told us the restaurant would reopen next week.",
    "zh": "一位内部人士告诉我们，这家餐馆下周会重新营业。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Industry insiders suggest that smaller firms may struggle to meet the costs of stricter environmental regulations.",
    "zh": "业内人士认为，小企业可能难以承担更严格的环保法规所带来的成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "industry insider｜业内人士",
   "political insider｜政界内部人士",
   "insider knowledge｜内部消息",
   "insider trading｜内幕交易"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inside (adv)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "outsider"
  ],
  "tip": "指因身处组织内部而掌握内情的人。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "insider"
 },
 {
  "w": "invalidate",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvælɪdeɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvælɪdeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使失效；使作废",
    "en": "to make something no longer legally or officially acceptable"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使不能成立",
    "en": "to show that an argument or result is not sound"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Opening the device yourself may invalidate its warranty.",
    "zh": "自行拆开这台设备可能会使保修失效。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A sample that excludes older adults may invalidate conclusions about the health needs of the wider population.",
    "zh": "如果样本排除了老年人，关于整体人口健康需求的结论就可能无法成立。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "invalidate a warranty｜使保修失效",
   "invalidate a contract｜使合同无效",
   "invalidate the results｜使结果失去效力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "invalid (adj.)",
   "invalidation (n.)",
   "valid (adj.)",
   "validate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "nullify",
   "void"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "validate"
  ],
  "tip": "可指合同等正式失效，也可指证据使结论不能成立。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "invalidate"
 },
 {
  "w": "dramatize",
  "uk": "/ˈdræmətaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈdræmətaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "改编成戏剧",
    "en": "to adapt a story or event for performance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "夸大；使戏剧化",
    "en": "to present something as more exciting or serious than it is"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our class will dramatize a short story next week.",
    "zh": "我们班下周会把一篇短篇小说改编成戏剧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Television producers often dramatize historical events to attract viewers, but this can blur the distinction between fact and fiction.",
    "zh": "电视制作人常把历史事件改编成戏剧以吸引观众，但这可能模糊事实与虚构的界限。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dramatize a novel｜把小说改编成戏剧",
   "dramatize historical events｜将历史事件改编成戏剧",
   "dramatize a situation｜夸大情势"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drama (n.)",
   "dramatic (adj.)",
   "dramatization (n.)",
   "dramatically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "downplay"
  ],
  "tip": "英式也常拼作dramatise；可指改编，也可指夸大。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dramatize"
 },
 {
  "w": "computation",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒmpjuˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːmpjuˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计算；计算过程",
    "en": "The process of finding an answer using mathematics or computers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A quick computation showed we could afford the sofa.",
    "zh": "简单算了一下，我们发现买得起那张沙发。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in computation allow researchers to analyse climate data and produce increasingly accurate weather forecasts.",
    "zh": "计算技术的进步使研究人员能够分析气候数据，并作出日益准确的天气预报。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complex computation｜复杂计算",
   "numerical computation｜数值计算",
   "parallel computation｜并行计算",
   "computation time｜计算时间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compute (v.)",
   "computer (n.)",
   "computational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "calculation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比calculation更正式，常用于数学和计算机领域。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "computation"
 },
 {
  "w": "potent",
  "uk": "/ˈpəʊtnt/",
  "us": "/ˈpoʊtnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "强效的；有力的",
    "en": "having a strong effect or powerful influence"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This potent medicine relieved my cough within an hour.",
    "zh": "这种强效药不到一小时就缓解了我的咳嗽。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public education can be a potent tool for reducing waste and encouraging more sustainable consumption.",
    "zh": "公众教育可以成为减少浪费和鼓励更可持续消费的有力工具。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "potent drug｜强效药物",
   "potent symbol｜有力的象征",
   "potent force｜强大的力量",
   "potent reminder｜强烈的提醒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "potency (n.)",
   "impotent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "powerful",
   "strong"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "weak",
   "ineffective"
  ],
  "tip": "强调效力或影响强，不等于potential“潜在的”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "potent"
 },
 {
  "w": "ripple",
  "uk": "/ˈrɪpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈrɪpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "涟漪；细小波纹",
    "en": "A small wave on the surface of water."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "泛起涟漪；使起波纹",
    "en": "To move in small waves or make something do so."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "逐渐扩散的反应或影响",
    "en": "A reaction or effect that spreads through people or places."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A falling leaf sent ripples across the pond.",
    "zh": "一片落叶在池塘水面上激起了圈圈涟漪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The closure of a major factory can have a ripple effect throughout the local economy.",
    "zh": "一家大型工厂的关闭可能对整个当地经济产生连锁影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ripple effect｜连锁效应",
   "ripples on the water｜水面上的涟漪",
   "a ripple of laughter｜一阵轻轻传开的笑声"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ripple比wave小；ripple effect指连锁效应。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ripple"
 },
 {
  "w": "strait",
  "uk": "/streɪt/",
  "us": "/streɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海峡",
    "en": "a narrow stretch of sea connecting two larger areas"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "困境；窘迫",
    "en": "a situation involving serious difficulty, especially lack of money"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our ferry crossed the narrow strait before sunset.",
    "zh": "我们的渡轮在日落前穿过了狭窄的海峡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restrictions on shipping through a major strait can disrupt international trade and increase transport costs.",
    "zh": "限制船只通过重要海峡可能扰乱国际贸易并增加运输成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a narrow strait｜狭窄的海峡",
   "cross a strait｜穿过海峡",
   "in dire straits｜陷入严重困境"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示困境通常用复数straits，如in dire straits。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strait"
 },
 {
  "w": "blindfold",
  "uk": "/ˈblaɪndfəʊld/",
  "us": "/ˈblaɪndfoʊld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蒙眼布；眼罩",
    "en": "A cloth covering the eyes to prevent someone from seeing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "蒙住眼睛",
    "en": "To cover someone's eyes so they cannot see."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He wore a blindfold and guessed each fruit by taste.",
    "zh": "他蒙着眼睛，靠味道猜每一种水果。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers blindfolded the volunteers to investigate how effectively they could identify everyday objects through touch alone.",
    "zh": "研究人员蒙住志愿者的眼睛，以考察他们仅凭触觉识别日常物品的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wear a blindfold｜戴蒙眼布",
   "put on a blindfold｜蒙上眼罩",
   "blindfold a participant｜蒙住参与者的眼睛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blindfolded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要作名词或动词；不是普通的睡眠眼罩名称。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blindfold"
 },
 {
  "w": "outcast",
  "uk": "/ˈaʊtkɑːst/",
  "us": "/ˈaʊtkæst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "被排斥者；被遗弃者",
    "en": "Someone rejected and excluded by a group or society."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "被排斥的；被遗弃的",
    "en": "Rejected and excluded by other people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After the argument, he felt like an outcast.",
    "zh": "争吵之后，他觉得自己像个被排斥的人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should ensure that no child becomes an outcast because of their background or appearance.",
    "zh": "学校应确保没有孩子因背景或外貌而受到排斥。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a social outcast｜被社会排斥的人",
   "feel like an outcast｜觉得自己被排斥",
   "treat someone as an outcast｜把某人当作异类排斥"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要作名词，指被排斥者，并不等于流浪者或流氓。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "outcast"
 },
 {
  "w": "negotiable",
  "uk": "/nɪˈɡəʊʃiəbəl/",
  "us": "/nɪˈɡoʊʃiəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可协商的",
    "en": "able to be changed through discussion and agreement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可转让兑现的",
    "en": "legally transferable to another person in exchange for money"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The price is negotiable if you collect the sofa yourself.",
    "zh": "如果你自己来搬沙发，价格可以商量。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible employment contracts may include negotiable working hours, allowing staff to accommodate childcare and other responsibilities.",
    "zh": "灵活的劳动合同可能包含可协商的工作时间，让员工能够兼顾育儿和其他责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a negotiable price｜可商议的价格",
   "negotiable terms｜可协商的条款",
   "a negotiable salary｜可面议的薪资",
   "a negotiable instrument｜可转让票据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "negotiate (v.)",
   "negotiation (n.)",
   "negotiator (n.)",
   "non-negotiable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "non-negotiable"
  ],
  "tip": "价格或条件可协商用negotiable；反义为non-negotiable。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "negotiable"
 },
 {
  "w": "proficient",
  "uk": "/prəˈfɪʃənt/",
  "us": "/prəˈfɪʃənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "熟练的；精通的",
    "en": "Able to do something well through training and practice."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After months of practice, she became proficient at sewing.",
    "zh": "经过几个月的练习，她的缝纫技术变得很熟练。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Graduates who are proficient in a second language may have better access to international employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "熟练掌握第二语言的毕业生可能更容易获得国际就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "proficient in English｜英语熟练的",
   "proficient at using software｜熟练使用软件的",
   "highly proficient｜非常熟练的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "proficiency (n.)",
   "proficiently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "skilled",
   "competent",
   "adept"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unskilled",
   "incompetent"
  ],
  "tip": "常用proficient in某领域或at某项活动。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "proficient"
 },
 {
  "w": "pamper",
  "uk": "/ˈpæmpə/",
  "us": "/ˈpæmpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "悉心宠爱；娇惯",
    "en": "To give someone special care, comfort, or excessive attention"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I pamper myself with a warm bath on Sundays.",
    "zh": "每到星期天，我都会泡个热水澡犒劳自己。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Parents who constantly pamper their children may unintentionally limit opportunities for them to develop independence.",
    "zh": "总是娇惯孩子的父母可能会无意中限制孩子培养独立性的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pamper yourself｜宠爱自己",
   "pamper a child｜娇惯孩子",
   "pamper someone with gifts｜用礼物宠爱某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pampering (n.)",
   "pampered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "indulge",
   "spoil"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "neglect"
  ],
  "tip": "不一定含贬义；pamper yourself常指犒劳自己。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pamper"
 },
 {
  "w": "blaze",
  "uk": "/bleɪz/",
  "us": "/bleɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大火；烈火",
    "en": "a large, strong fire"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "熊熊燃烧；强烈照耀",
    "en": "to burn fiercely or shine very brightly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Firefighters rescued the family from the blaze last night.",
    "zh": "昨晚，消防员从大火中救出了这家人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The forest blaze destroyed valuable habitats, highlighting the need for better fire prevention strategies.",
    "zh": "这场森林大火摧毁了珍贵的栖息地，凸显出改进防火策略的必要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fight a blaze｜扑救大火",
   "a forest blaze｜森林大火",
   "blaze a trail｜开辟道路；率先探索"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "blazing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fire",
   "burn"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "blaze常指猛烈的大火；flame指火焰。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "blaze"
 },
 {
  "w": "devour",
  "uk": "/dɪˈvaʊə/",
  "us": "/dɪˈvaʊər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "狼吞虎咽地吃",
    "en": "To eat something quickly and eagerly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "如饥似渴地阅读",
    "en": "To read something with great enthusiasm."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吞噬；耗尽",
    "en": "To consume or destroy large amounts of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After swimming, we devoured the warm bread within minutes.",
    "zh": "游泳后，我们几分钟就狼吞虎咽地吃光了热面包。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Large infrastructure projects can devour public funds unless spending is carefully monitored throughout construction.",
    "zh": "大型基础设施项目可能耗费巨额公共资金，除非在整个施工过程中严格监督支出。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "devour a meal｜狼吞虎咽地吃饭",
   "devour books｜如饥似渴地读书",
   "devour resources｜大量消耗资源"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "gobble",
   "consume"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比eat语气强；也可比喻大量阅读或吞噬资源。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "devour"
 },
 {
  "w": "haven",
  "uk": "/ˈheɪvən/",
  "us": "/ˈheɪvən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "避难所；安宁之地",
    "en": "a safe or peaceful place away from danger or trouble"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our little garden is a haven from city noise.",
    "zh": "我们的小花园是远离城市喧嚣的一片宁静之地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protected wetlands provide a safe haven for wildlife threatened by habitat loss and urban expansion.",
    "zh": "受保护的湿地为受到栖息地丧失和城市扩张威胁的野生动物提供了安全庇护所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "safe haven｜安全避难所",
   "haven for wildlife｜野生动物的庇护所",
   "haven of peace｜宁静之地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "refuge",
   "sanctuary"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用a haven for；注意与heaven（天堂）区分。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "haven"
 },
 {
  "w": "tyranny",
  "uk": "/ˈtɪrəni/",
  "us": "/ˈtɪrəni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "暴政；专制统治",
    "en": "cruel government that uses power without limits"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "严酷控制；压迫",
    "en": "cruel or unreasonable control over other people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The film follows a village struggling against a ruler's tyranny.",
    "zh": "这部电影讲述一个村庄反抗统治者暴政的故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent courts and a free press can help prevent tyranny by holding political leaders accountable.",
    "zh": "独立的法院和自由的新闻媒体可以通过追究政治领导人的责任来帮助防止暴政。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "resist tyranny｜反抗暴政",
   "political tyranny｜政治暴政",
   "the tyranny of the majority｜多数人的暴政"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tyrant (n.)",
   "tyrannical (adj.)",
   "tyrannise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "despotism",
   "oppression"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "freedom"
  ],
  "tip": "强调权力的残酷滥用，比一般的严格管理更严重。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tyranny"
 },
 {
  "w": "dodge",
  "uk": "/dɒdʒ/",
  "us": "/dɑːdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "闪开；躲避",
    "en": "To move quickly out of the way of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逃避；回避",
    "en": "To avoid a duty, question, or difficult situation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "逃避的花招",
    "en": "A clever trick used to avoid something unpleasant."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I dodged a puddle and nearly dropped my shopping.",
    "zh": "我躲开一个水坑，差点把买的东西掉在地上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public officials who dodge difficult questions may weaken citizens' trust in the institutions they represent.",
    "zh": "公职人员回避棘手问题，可能会削弱公民对其所代表机构的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dodge a ball｜躲开球",
   "dodge a question｜回避问题",
   "dodge responsibility｜逃避责任"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dodger (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "evade",
   "avoid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "confront"
  ],
  "tip": "可直接接宾语：dodge a question表示回避问题。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dodge"
 },
 {
  "w": "summon",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌmən/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "召唤；传唤",
    "en": "To officially order someone to come or request their presence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "鼓起；振作",
    "en": "To gather the courage, strength, or energy needed for something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The manager summoned everyone to her office after lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭后，经理把所有人召集到她的办公室。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must summon the political will to address environmental problems despite opposition from powerful industries.",
    "zh": "尽管遭到强势行业的反对，政府仍须拿出解决环境问题的政治决心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "summon someone to court｜传唤某人出庭",
   "summon help｜叫人来帮忙",
   "summon up courage｜鼓起勇气"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "call"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "summon sb to某处；summon up courage指鼓起勇气。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "summon"
 },
 {
  "w": "bitterness",
  "uk": "/ˈbɪtənəs/",
  "us": "/ˈbɪtərnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "怨恨；愤懑",
    "en": "Anger and resentment caused by unfair treatment or disappointment."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "苦味",
    "en": "A sharp, unpleasant taste like unsweetened coffee."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She still feels bitterness about losing her job unfairly.",
    "zh": "她仍对自己遭到不公正解雇感到愤懑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Perceived unfairness in promotion decisions can create lasting bitterness among employees and weaken cooperation within organisations.",
    "zh": "晋升决定若被认为不公平，可能使员工长期心怀怨恨，削弱组织内部的合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel bitterness｜感到怨恨",
   "lasting bitterness｜持久的怨恨",
   "the bitterness of coffee｜咖啡的苦味"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bitter (adj.)",
   "bitterly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "resentment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；既指味觉上的苦，也指内心怨恨。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bitterness"
 },
 {
  "w": "entrust",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtrʌst/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtrʌst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "委托；托付",
    "en": "To give someone responsibility for something or someone valuable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I entrusted my neighbour with the spare house key.",
    "zh": "我把家里的备用钥匙托付给了邻居。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Parents entrust schools with their children's education and expect teachers to provide a safe learning environment.",
    "zh": "家长把孩子的教育托付给学校，并期待教师提供安全的学习环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "entrust someone with a task｜委托某人执行任务",
   "entrust something to someone｜把某物托付给某人",
   "entrust someone with responsibility｜委以某人重任"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trust (v.)",
   "trustworthy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "entrust人with物；entrust物to人。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "entrust"
 },
 {
  "w": "whaling",
  "uk": "/ˈweɪlɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈweɪlɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "捕鲸；捕鲸业",
    "en": "the activity or business of hunting whales"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The harbour museum has an exhibition about whaling.",
    "zh": "港口博物馆有一个关于捕鲸的展览。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Commercial whaling has contributed to declining whale populations, prompting international efforts to protect these marine mammals.",
    "zh": "商业捕鲸导致鲸类数量下降，促使国际社会努力保护这些海洋哺乳动物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "commercial whaling｜商业捕鲸",
   "whaling ship｜捕鲸船",
   "whaling industry｜捕鲸业",
   "ban on whaling｜捕鲸禁令"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "whale (n.)",
   "whale (v.)",
   "whaler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；谈捕鲸禁令用ban on whaling。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "whaling"
 },
 {
  "w": "auditorium",
  "uk": "/ˌɔːdɪˈtɔːriəm/",
  "us": "/ˌɑːdɪˈtɔːriəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "礼堂；会堂",
    "en": "a large room or building for an audience"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "观众席",
    "en": "the part of a theatre where the audience sits"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Families filled the auditorium for the school concert.",
    "zh": "家长们坐满了礼堂，观看学校音乐会。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A modern auditorium allows the university to host public lectures and strengthen links with the local community.",
    "zh": "现代化的礼堂让大学能够举办公开讲座，并加强与当地社区的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "school auditorium｜学校礼堂",
   "main auditorium｜主礼堂",
   "packed auditorium｜座无虚席的礼堂"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指整座礼堂，也可专指剧院的观众席。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "auditorium"
 },
 {
  "w": "seniority",
  "uk": "/ˌsiːniˈɒrəti/",
  "us": "/ˌsiːniˈɔːrəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "资历；年资",
    "en": "The advantage or status gained from longer service."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "级别较高；地位较高",
    "en": "The state of holding a higher rank than others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her seniority gives her first choice of holiday dates.",
    "zh": "凭借资历，她可以优先选择休假日期。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Promotion based solely on seniority may discourage younger employees who consistently demonstrate exceptional skills and commitment.",
    "zh": "仅按资历晋升可能使那些持续展现出色技能和敬业精神的年轻员工感到气馁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "based on seniority｜以资历为依据",
   "years of seniority｜任职年资",
   "seniority system｜年资制度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "senior (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "juniority"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数；主要指任职资历或职级，不只是年龄。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seniority"
 },
 {
  "w": "substantiate",
  "uk": "/səbˈstænʃieɪt/",
  "us": "/səbˈstænʃieɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "证实；为……提供证据",
    "en": "to provide evidence showing that something is true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She kept the receipts to substantiate her insurance claim.",
    "zh": "她保留了收据，以证明保险索赔有据可依。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must substantiate claims about new treatments with reliable evidence from carefully designed clinical trials.",
    "zh": "研究人员必须用精心设计的临床试验所提供的可靠证据，来证实有关新疗法的论断。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "substantiate a claim｜证实一项主张",
   "substantiate an allegation｜证实一项指控",
   "substantiate with evidence｜用证据证实"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "substantiation (n.)",
   "unsubstantiated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "verify",
   "corroborate",
   "confirm"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disprove",
   "refute"
  ],
  "tip": "正式及物动词；后接claim等，强调拿出证据。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "substantiate"
 },
 {
  "w": "monologue",
  "uk": "/ˈmɒnəlɒɡ/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːnəlɔːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "独白",
    "en": "A long speech delivered by one character in a performance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "滔滔不绝的独自讲话",
    "en": "A long speech by someone who gives others little chance to speak."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The actor practised her monologue alone in the kitchen.",
    "zh": "那位演员独自在厨房里练习她的独白。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A dramatic monologue can reveal a character's inner conflicts more directly than dialogue between several speakers.",
    "zh": "与多个角色之间的对话相比，戏剧独白能够更直接地展现人物的内心冲突。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deliver a monologue｜表演一段独白",
   "a dramatic monologue｜戏剧独白",
   "an interior monologue｜内心独白"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "soliloquy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dialogue"
  ],
  "tip": "独白可对观众说，不一定是角色自言自语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "monologue"
 },
 {
  "w": "plateau",
  "uk": "/ˈplætəʊ/",
  "us": "/plæˈtoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "高原",
    "en": "A large area of flat land higher than surrounding land."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "平台期；稳定水平",
    "en": "A period when growth or progress stops after an increase."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "进入平台期；趋于稳定",
    "en": "To stop increasing or improving and remain at a steady level."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We camped on a grassy plateau above the valley.",
    "zh": "我们在山谷上方一片长满青草的高原上露营。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Language learners often reach a plateau and may need different study methods to make further progress.",
    "zh": "语言学习者常会进入平台期，可能需要改变学习方法才能继续进步。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a high plateau｜高原",
   "reach a plateau｜进入平台期",
   "a learning plateau｜学习平台期"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "平台期指增长后趋稳，不表示水平开始下降。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plateau"
 },
 {
  "w": "acknowledgment",
  "uk": "/əkˈnɒlɪdʒmənt/",
  "us": "/əkˈnɑːlɪdʒmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "承认；认可",
    "en": "Acceptance that something is true or that someone's contribution matters."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "致谢；鸣谢",
    "en": "An expression of thanks for help or support."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "收悉通知；回执",
    "en": "A message confirming that something has been received."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He nodded in acknowledgment of his sister's helpful suggestion.",
    "zh": "他点头表示认可姐姐提出的有益建议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public acknowledgment of past mistakes can help institutions rebuild trust and strengthen their relationships with local communities.",
    "zh": "公开承认过去的错误有助于机构重建信任，并加强与当地社区的关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in acknowledgment of｜为认可；为感谢",
   "acknowledgment of receipt｜收悉确认",
   "public acknowledgment｜公开承认",
   "an acknowledgment of support｜对支持的感谢"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "acknowledge (v.)",
   "acknowledged (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "recognition",
   "admission",
   "confirmation"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "denial"
  ],
  "tip": "英式也常拼acknowledgement；各义常接of。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "acknowledgment"
 },
 {
  "w": "traverse",
  "uk": "/trəˈvɜːs/",
  "us": "/trəˈvɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "横越；穿过",
    "en": "To travel across or through an area."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We traversed the snowy valley before reaching the mountain hut.",
    "zh": "我们穿过积雪覆盖的山谷，才到达山间小屋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "New railway routes traverse remote regions, connecting isolated communities with essential services and larger markets.",
    "zh": "新铁路线路穿越偏远地区，让孤立的社区能够获得基本服务并进入更大的市场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "traverse a valley｜穿越山谷",
   "traverse rough terrain｜穿越崎岖地形",
   "traverse a continent｜横跨大陆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "traversal (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cross"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用词，直接接地点宾语：traverse the desert。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "traverse"
 },
 {
  "w": "parameter",
  "uk": "/pəˈræmɪtə/",
  "us": "/pəˈræmɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "参数",
    "en": "A measurable factor used to describe a system or calculation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "限定条件；范围",
    "en": "A limit or condition controlling how something can be done."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You can adjust this parameter to sharpen the image.",
    "zh": "你可以调整这个参数，让图像更清晰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must identify the key parameters affecting energy consumption before developing reliable models of urban demand.",
    "zh": "研究人员必须先确定影响能源消耗的关键参数，才能建立可靠的城市需求模型。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "key parameter｜关键参数",
   "set parameters｜设定参数或范围",
   "within the parameters｜在限定范围内"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "parametric (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表限定条件时常用复数；勿与周长perimeter混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "parameter"
 },
 {
  "w": "macroeconomics",
  "uk": "/ˌmækrəʊˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/",
  "us": "/ˌmækroʊˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宏观经济学",
    "en": "The study of whole economies, including growth, inflation, and unemployment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister studies macroeconomics at college every Tuesday.",
    "zh": "我姐姐每周二都在大学里学习宏观经济学。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An understanding of macroeconomics helps policymakers assess how interest rate changes might affect national employment.",
    "zh": "了解宏观经济学有助于政策制定者评估利率变化可能如何影响全国就业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study macroeconomics｜学习宏观经济学",
   "macroeconomics course｜宏观经济学课程",
   "principles of macroeconomics｜宏观经济学原理"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "macroeconomic (adj.)",
   "macroeconomist (n.)",
   "economics (n.)",
   "economist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "虽以s结尾，指学科时接单数谓语；区别于微观经济学。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "macroeconomics"
 },
 {
  "w": "inconsistency",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不一致；前后矛盾",
    "en": "a lack of agreement between facts, statements, or actions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不稳定；时好时坏",
    "en": "the quality of varying unpredictably in standard or performance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I noticed an inconsistency between your story and hers.",
    "zh": "我发现你和她的说法有一处不一致。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Inconsistency in the enforcement of regulations can undermine public trust and create unfair advantages for some businesses.",
    "zh": "法规执行上的不一致会削弱公众信任，并使某些企业获得不公平的优势。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inconsistency between accounts｜叙述之间的矛盾",
   "internal inconsistency｜内部矛盾",
   "inconsistency in performance｜表现不稳定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inconsistent (adj.)",
   "inconsistently (adv.)",
   "consistent (adj.)",
   "consistency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "discrepancy",
   "contradiction"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "consistency"
  ],
  "tip": "可数时指一处矛盾；不可数时指不一致的状态。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inconsistency"
 },
 {
  "w": "articulate",
  "uk": "/ɑːˈtɪkjələt/",
  "us": "/ɑːrˈtɪkjələt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "善于清晰表达的",
    "en": "able to express ideas clearly and effectively"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "清楚表达",
    "en": "to express thoughts or feelings clearly in words"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our articulate neighbour explained the problem clearly at dinner.",
    "zh": "我们那位善于表达的邻居在晚餐时把问题解释得很清楚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should help students articulate their opinions clearly while encouraging them to consider alternative perspectives.",
    "zh": "学校应帮助学生清楚表达自己的观点，同时鼓励他们考虑不同的看法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an articulate speaker｜表达清晰的演讲者",
   "articulate ideas｜清楚表达想法",
   "articulate concerns｜明确表达担忧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "articulation (n.)",
   "articulately (adv.)",
   "inarticulate (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "eloquent",
   "express"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inarticulate"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词词尾读/lət/，动词词尾读/leɪt/。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "articulate"
 },
 {
  "w": "freight",
  "uk": "/freɪt/",
  "us": "/freɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "货物；货运",
    "en": "goods transported in bulk, or the transport of such goods"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运费",
    "en": "the money charged for transporting goods"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "运输货物",
    "en": "to transport goods by ship, aircraft, train, or truck"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The train carried freight through the valley overnight.",
    "zh": "这列火车连夜运着货物穿过山谷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Moving more freight by rail could reduce road congestion and lower emissions from heavy vehicles.",
    "zh": "增加铁路货运可以缓解道路拥堵，并减少重型车辆的排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "air freight｜航空货运",
   "freight train｜货运列车",
   "freight charges｜运费",
   "rail freight｜铁路货运"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cargo"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词通常不可数；cargo主要指货物，不指货运服务。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "freight"
 },
 {
  "w": "engulf",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈɡʌlf/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈɡʌlf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "吞没；完全笼罩",
    "en": "to surround or cover something completely"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使陷入；压倒",
    "en": "to overwhelm someone or something with a powerful situation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A sudden wave engulfed our sandcastle on the beach.",
    "zh": "一个突如其来的浪头吞没了我们在沙滩上堆的沙堡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising sea levels could engulf low-lying coastal settlements unless governments invest in effective flood protection.",
    "zh": "除非政府投资建设有效的防洪设施，否则海平面上升可能淹没地势低洼的沿海居民区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be engulfed in flames｜被火焰吞没",
   "be engulfed by floodwater｜被洪水淹没",
   "a crisis engulfs a country｜危机席卷一个国家"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "engulfment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "envelop",
   "swallow",
   "overwhelm"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用被动结构be engulfed in/by，强调完全覆盖。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "engulf"
 },
 {
  "w": "starvation",
  "uk": "/stɑːˈveɪʃən/",
  "us": "/stɑːrˈveɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "严重饥饿；饿死",
    "en": "Extreme suffering or death caused by a prolonged lack of food"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Volunteers brought food to animals at risk of starvation.",
    "zh": "志愿者给面临饿死危险的动物送来了食物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged drought can lead to widespread starvation when communities lack reliable food reserves and emergency support.",
    "zh": "当社区缺乏可靠的粮食储备和紧急援助时，长期干旱可能导致大范围的严重饥饿。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "face starvation｜面临饥饿威胁",
   "die of starvation｜饿死",
   "mass starvation｜大规模饥荒",
   "on the brink of starvation｜濒临饿死"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "starve (v.)",
   "starving (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比hunger严重，指长期缺食造成的极度饥饿或死亡。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "starvation"
 },
 {
  "w": "civic",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪvɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪvɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "城市的；市政的",
    "en": "relating to a town or city and its administration"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "公民的",
    "en": "relating to citizens and their responsibilities within a community"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mayor welcomed visitors outside the new civic centre.",
    "zh": "市长在新市政中心外迎接来访者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can strengthen civic responsibility by encouraging students to participate in projects that benefit their local communities.",
    "zh": "学校可以鼓励学生参与造福当地社区的项目，以增强他们的公民责任感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "civic centre｜市政中心",
   "civic responsibility｜公民责任",
   "civic pride｜市民自豪感",
   "civic engagement｜公民参与"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "civics (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "civic强调城市或公民事务；civil还可指民事的、礼貌的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "civic"
 },
 {
  "w": "sampling",
  "uk": "/ˈsɑːmplɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈsæmplɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抽样；取样",
    "en": "Selecting a small part of something to study the whole."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "试吃；体验",
    "en": "Trying small amounts of something to discover what it is like."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sampling the soup helped me choose my lunch.",
    "zh": "尝了尝汤后，我决定了午餐吃什么。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Random sampling helps researchers obtain representative data without interviewing every individual in a large population.",
    "zh": "随机抽样帮助研究人员获取有代表性的数据，而无须访谈庞大群体中的每一个人。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "random sampling｜随机抽样",
   "sampling method｜抽样方法",
   "sampling error｜抽样误差",
   "water sampling｜水体取样"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sample (n.)",
   "sample (v.)",
   "sampler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "抽样过程用sampling；抽出的样本用sample。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sampling"
 },
 {
  "w": "ascend",
  "uk": "/əˈsend/",
  "us": "/əˈsend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "上升；升高",
    "en": "to move upwards or rise to a higher position"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "攀登；登上",
    "en": "to go up something such as stairs or a mountain"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the balloon ascend slowly into the clear sky.",
    "zh": "我们看着气球缓缓升上晴朗的天空。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As hikers ascend the mountain, they encounter distinct vegetation zones shaped by changing temperatures and moisture levels.",
    "zh": "徒步者登山时，会遇到由温度和湿度变化形成的不同植被带。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ascend the stairs｜上楼梯",
   "ascend a mountain｜登山",
   "ascend to the summit｜登上顶峰",
   "ascend the throne｜登基"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ascent (n.)",
   "ascending (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rise",
   "climb"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "descend"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式；ascend the stairs中不加up。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ascend"
 },
 {
  "w": "degradation",
  "uk": "/ˌdeɡrəˈdeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdeɡrəˈdeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恶化；退化",
    "en": "The process of becoming damaged or poorer in quality."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "降解",
    "en": "The breakdown of a substance into simpler substances."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "受辱；尊严丧失",
    "en": "The loss of dignity caused by humiliating treatment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer noticed soil degradation across his dry fields.",
    "zh": "农民发现他干燥的田地普遍出现了土壤退化。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental degradation often affects poorer communities most severely because they depend directly on local natural resources.",
    "zh": "环境恶化往往对较贫困社区影响最严重，因为它们直接依赖当地自然资源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "environmental degradation｜环境恶化",
   "soil degradation｜土壤退化",
   "microbial degradation｜微生物降解"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "degrade (v.)",
   "degradable (adj.)",
   "degrading (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deterioration"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "improvement"
  ],
  "tip": "环境话题常指恶化，化学或生物语境可指降解。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "degradation"
 },
 {
  "w": "integrity",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈteɡrəti/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈteɡrəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "正直；诚实",
    "en": "the quality of being honest and following strong moral principles"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "完整性；完好",
    "en": "the condition of being whole, undamaged, or unchanged"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She showed integrity by returning the money she found.",
    "zh": "她归还了捡到的钱，体现了诚实正直的品质。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent inspections help maintain the structural integrity of bridges and protect the public from preventable accidents.",
    "zh": "独立检查有助于保持桥梁结构的完整性，保护公众免受本可避免的事故伤害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "personal integrity｜个人操守",
   "professional integrity｜职业操守",
   "structural integrity｜结构完整性"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "honesty",
   "uprightness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dishonesty"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；既指人的正直，也指结构的完整性。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "integrity"
 },
 {
  "w": "hamper",
  "uk": "/ˈhæmpə/",
  "us": "/ˈhæmpər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "阻碍；妨碍",
    "en": "to make progress or an activity more difficult"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "有盖大篮；食品礼篮",
    "en": "a large basket, often holding food or laundry"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy rain hampered our efforts to repair the fence.",
    "zh": "大雨妨碍了我们修理围栏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Limited access to reliable internet services can hamper economic development in remote rural communities.",
    "zh": "可靠互联网服务的缺乏可能阻碍偏远农村社区的经济发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hamper progress｜阻碍进展",
   "hamper efforts｜妨碍努力",
   "a picnic hamper｜野餐篮",
   "a laundry hamper｜洗衣篮"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "hinder",
   "obstruct",
   "impede"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "facilitate"
  ],
  "tip": "动词后直接接宾语；名词还可指食品篮或洗衣篮。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hamper"
 },
 {
  "w": "stipulate",
  "uk": "/ˈstɪpjəleɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈstɪpjəleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "明确规定；约定",
    "en": "To state a requirement clearly as part of an agreement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rental rules stipulate that pets must stay downstairs.",
    "zh": "租赁规定明确要求宠物必须待在楼下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employment contracts should stipulate working hours clearly to prevent disputes between employers and their staff.",
    "zh": "劳动合同应明确规定工作时间，以防止雇主与员工发生争议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stipulate that｜明确规定……",
   "stipulate conditions｜规定条件",
   "stipulate a deadline｜规定截止日期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stipulation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "specify",
   "require"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用词，常用于合同；可接名词或that从句。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stipulate"
 },
 {
  "w": "bonded",
  "uk": "/ˈbɒndɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈbɑːndɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "保税的",
    "en": "Stored under customs control until import duties are paid"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "紧密相连的；黏合的",
    "en": "Closely connected emotionally or firmly joined together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The imported coffee stays in a bonded warehouse nearby.",
    "zh": "这些进口咖啡存放在附近的保税仓库里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Bonded warehouses allow importers to delay paying duties until goods enter the domestic market.",
    "zh": "保税仓库允许进口商延迟缴纳关税，直到货物进入国内市场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bonded warehouse｜保税仓库",
   "bonded goods｜保税货物",
   "bonded labour｜债役劳动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bond (n.)",
   "bond (v.)",
   "bonding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "保税指暂缓缴纳进口税，并非永久免税。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bonded"
 },
 {
  "w": "pragmatic",
  "uk": "/præɡˈmætɪk/",
  "us": "/præɡˈmætɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "务实的；讲求实效的",
    "en": "Choosing what works in practice rather than following ideals."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took a pragmatic approach and repaired the old sofa.",
    "zh": "我们采取了务实的办法，把旧沙发修好了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A pragmatic housing policy should balance environmental goals with the immediate needs of local residents.",
    "zh": "务实的住房政策应兼顾环保目标和当地居民的迫切需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pragmatic approach｜务实的方法",
   "pragmatic solution｜切实可行的解决办法",
   "pragmatic decision｜务实的决定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pragmatically (adv.)",
   "pragmatism (n.)",
   "pragmatist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "practical",
   "realistic"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "idealistic"
  ],
  "tip": "强调实际可行和效果，而非理论或理想。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pragmatic"
 },
 {
  "w": "materialize",
  "uk": "/məˈtɪəriəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/məˈtɪriəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "实现；成为现实",
    "en": "To happen or become real after being expected or planned."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "突然出现",
    "en": "To appear suddenly or unexpectedly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our weekend trip never materialized because everyone was too busy.",
    "zh": "大家都太忙，我们的周末旅行最终没能成行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The promised economic benefits may not materialize unless governments also invest in education and transport.",
    "zh": "除非政府也投资教育和交通，否则承诺的经济效益可能无法实现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fail to materialize｜未能实现",
   "never materialize｜始终未能实现",
   "benefits materialize｜效益显现"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "materialization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "happen",
   "appear"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "vanish"
  ],
  "tip": "常作不及物动词，指计划实现；英式也写materialise。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "materialize"
 },
 {
  "w": "cartridge",
  "uk": "/ˈkɑːtrɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːrtrɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "墨盒；可更换盒",
    "en": "a replaceable container holding material needed by a machine"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "枪弹；弹药筒",
    "en": "a case containing an explosive charge and usually a bullet"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I replaced the empty cartridge before printing my homework.",
    "zh": "打印作业前，我换掉了空墨盒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recycling printer cartridges can reduce plastic waste and recover materials that would otherwise enter landfill sites.",
    "zh": "回收打印机墨盒可以减少塑料垃圾，并回收原本会进入垃圾填埋场的材料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ink cartridge｜墨盒",
   "toner cartridge｜硒鼓；碳粉盒",
   "replace a cartridge｜更换墨盒",
   "spent cartridge｜用过的弹壳"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "核心是可装入设备的筒或盒；打印机语境常指墨盒。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cartridge"
 },
 {
  "w": "industrialize",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdʌstriəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdʌstriəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使工业化；实现工业化",
    "en": "Develop industries and factories in a country or region"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The town industrialized rapidly after the railway opened.",
    "zh": "铁路开通后，这座小镇迅速实现了工业化。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As countries industrialize, governments must balance economic growth with environmental protection and workers' welfare.",
    "zh": "随着各国实现工业化，政府必须兼顾经济增长、环境保护和工人福利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "industrialize rapidly｜迅速工业化",
   "a highly industrialized country｜高度工业化的国家",
   "newly industrialized economies｜新兴工业化经济体"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "industry (n.)",
   "industrial (adj.)",
   "industrialization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "deindustrialize"
  ],
  "tip": "可及物也可不及物；英式也拼作industrialise。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "industrialize"
 },
 {
  "w": "rotary",
  "uk": "/ˈrəʊtəri/",
  "us": "/ˈroʊtəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "旋转的；转动式的",
    "en": "Moving in circles, or operating through circular movement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "环形交叉路口",
    "en": "A circular road junction, called a roundabout in British English."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dad uses a rotary mower to cut the grass.",
    "zh": "爸爸用旋转式割草机修剪草坪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rotary motion is widely used in industrial machinery because it allows continuous and efficient operation.",
    "zh": "旋转运动广泛用于工业机械，因为它能实现连续且高效的运转。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rotary motion｜旋转运动",
   "rotary engine｜转子发动机",
   "rotary mower｜旋转式割草机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rotate (v.)",
   "rotation (n.)",
   "rotational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常形容旋转式机械；不等同于表示轮流的rotating。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rotary"
 },
 {
  "w": "coincide",
  "uk": "/ˌkəʊɪnˈsaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˌkoʊɪnˈsaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "同时发生",
    "en": "to happen at the same time"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "相符；一致",
    "en": "to be the same or agree with something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My days off rarely coincide with my sister's.",
    "zh": "我的休息日很少和姐姐的重合。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Government investment should coincide with local priorities to ensure that public funds address genuine community needs.",
    "zh": "政府投资应与地方优先事项相一致，以确保公共资金满足社区的真实需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "coincide with｜与……同时发生；与……相符",
   "coincide exactly｜恰好重合",
   "views coincide｜观点一致"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coincidence (n.)",
   "coincidental (adj.)",
   "coincidentally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不及物动词，接对象用with，不直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coincide"
 },
 {
  "w": "inattention",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnəˈtenʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnəˈtenʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不专心；疏忽",
    "en": "failure to give enough attention to someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A moment of inattention left the toast badly burnt.",
    "zh": "一时疏忽，吐司烤焦得很厉害。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Driver inattention remains a major road safety concern, particularly as mobile devices become increasingly common.",
    "zh": "驾驶员注意力不集中仍是道路安全的一大隐患，尤其是在移动设备日益普及的情况下。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a moment of inattention｜一时疏忽",
   "driver inattention｜驾驶员注意力不集中",
   "inattention to detail｜不注意细节"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attention (n.)",
   "inattentive (adj.)",
   "inattentively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "heedlessness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "attention",
   "attentiveness"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；inattention to表示对某事不留心。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inattention"
 },
 {
  "w": "bazaar",
  "uk": "/bəˈzɑː/",
  "us": "/bəˈzɑːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "集市；市场",
    "en": "a market with many small shops or stalls"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "义卖会",
    "en": "an event where goods are sold to raise money for charity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought fragrant spices at the crowded bazaar.",
    "zh": "我们在拥挤的集市上买了香气浓郁的香料。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional bazaars can attract tourists while providing local craftspeople with opportunities to sell their products directly.",
    "zh": "传统集市既能吸引游客，也为当地手艺人提供直接销售产品的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bustling bazaar｜熙熙攘攘的集市",
   "a charity bazaar｜慈善义卖会",
   "a covered bazaar｜有顶棚的集市"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "market",
   "marketplace"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指多摊位的传统集市，也可指慈善义卖会。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bazaar"
 },
 {
  "w": "deluge",
  "uk": "/ˈdeljuːdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈdeljuːdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "暴雨；洪水",
    "en": "An extremely heavy fall of rain or a severe flood."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大量涌来的事物",
    "en": "An overwhelming quantity of things arriving at once."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "淹没；使应接不暇",
    "en": "Overwhelm someone or something with water or excessive quantities."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sheltered in a café until the deluge stopped.",
    "zh": "我们在一家咖啡馆避雨，直到暴雨停歇。"
   },
   {
    "en": "After the new housing policy was announced, local officials were deluged with questions from concerned residents.",
    "zh": "新住房政策公布后，当地官员收到大量关切此事的居民提出的问题，应接不暇。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a deluge of complaints｜大量涌来的投诉",
   "be deluged with requests｜被大量请求弄得应接不暇",
   "a sudden deluge｜突如其来的暴雨"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "flood",
   "downpour"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比喻大量涌来用a deluge of；动词常用be deluged with。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deluge"
 },
 {
  "w": "stiffen",
  "uk": "/ˈstɪfn/",
  "us": "/ˈstɪfn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变硬；使僵硬",
    "en": "to become or make something rigid or less flexible"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "变坚决；加强",
    "en": "to become or make something firmer, stronger, or more determined"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My legs stiffen after sitting on the bus for hours.",
    "zh": "在公交车上坐几个小时后，我的双腿就会僵硬。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public opposition may stiffen if the government approves construction without consulting residents about environmental risks.",
    "zh": "如果政府不就环境风险征询居民意见便批准施工，公众的反对可能会更强烈。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "muscles stiffen｜肌肉变僵硬",
   "stiffen with fear｜吓得身体僵住",
   "stiffen resistance｜加强抵抗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stiff (adj.)",
   "stiffness (n.)",
   "stiffly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "soften",
   "relax"
  ],
  "tip": "可及物也可不及物：stiffen muscles或muscles stiffen。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stiffen"
 },
 {
  "w": "paralyse",
  "uk": "/ˈpærəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈpærəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使瘫痪；使麻痹",
    "en": "to cause someone to lose the ability to move"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使无法行动；使停顿",
    "en": "to prevent someone or something from acting or functioning"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The injury paralysed his legs, but his arms remained strong.",
    "zh": "这次受伤使他的双腿瘫痪，但他的双臂仍然有力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Severe flooding can paralyse urban transport systems, preventing essential workers from reaching hospitals and other services.",
    "zh": "严重洪灾可能使城市交通系统瘫痪，导致关键岗位人员无法到达医院和其他服务机构。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be paralysed by fear｜吓得动弹不得",
   "paralyse transport｜使交通瘫痪",
   "be partially paralysed｜部分身体瘫痪"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "paralysis (n.)",
   "paralysed (adj.)",
   "paralysing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "immobilise",
   "incapacitate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式拼写为paralyse，美式为paralyze。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "paralyse"
 },
 {
  "w": "linger",
  "uk": "/ˈlɪŋɡə/",
  "us": "/ˈlɪŋɡɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逗留；迟迟不离开",
    "en": "To stay somewhere longer than expected or necessary."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "持续存在；迟迟不消失",
    "en": "To remain present or noticeable for a long time."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We lingered outside the cinema, chatting about the film.",
    "zh": "我们在电影院外迟迟没有离开，聊着刚看的电影。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The effects of prolonged unemployment can linger even after individuals return to stable work.",
    "zh": "长期失业的影响即使在人们重新获得稳定工作后，也可能持续存在。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "linger over a meal｜慢慢吃饭不急着离开",
   "linger in the air｜在空气中久久不散",
   "linger on｜持续不消失"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lingering (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "remain",
   "stay"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不及物动词；linger over表示慢慢享用或细看。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "linger"
 },
 {
  "w": "stranding",
  "uk": "/ˈstrændɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈstrændɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "搁浅事件",
    "en": "an event in which a boat or sea animal becomes stuck"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使滞留；使搁浅",
    "en": "leaving someone unable to travel or something stuck on shore"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Volunteers rushed to help after a whale stranding.",
    "zh": "鲸鱼搁浅后，志愿者们迅速赶来帮忙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers investigate each mass stranding to understand why marine mammals sometimes become trapped in shallow coastal waters.",
    "zh": "研究人员调查每次集体搁浅事件，以了解海洋哺乳动物为何有时会被困在沿海浅水区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a whale stranding｜鲸鱼搁浅事件",
   "a mass stranding｜集体搁浅事件",
   "a stranding event｜一次搁浅事件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "strand (v.)",
   "stranded (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可作名词，也可作strand的现在分词；被困用stranded。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stranding"
 },
 {
  "w": "patriotism",
  "uk": "/ˈpætriətɪzəm/",
  "us": "/ˈpeɪtriətɪzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "爱国精神；爱国主义",
    "en": "Love for and loyalty to your country."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her patriotism shines through whenever she discusses her country's achievements.",
    "zh": "每当谈起祖国的成就，她的爱国之情便溢于言表。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can encourage patriotism while also teaching students to respect other nations and understand global responsibilities.",
    "zh": "学校可以培养爱国精神，同时教导学生尊重其他国家并理解全球责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sense of patriotism｜爱国情怀",
   "express patriotism｜表达爱国之情",
   "inspire patriotism｜激发爱国精神"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "patriot (n.)",
   "patriotic (adj.)",
   "patriotically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调爱国情感，不宜直接等同于nationalism民族主义。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "patriotism"
 },
 {
  "w": "refinement",
  "uk": "/rɪˈfaɪnmənt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈfaɪnmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "改进；完善",
    "en": "A small change that makes something better or more effective."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "精炼；提纯",
    "en": "The process of removing unwanted substances from a material."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "优雅；文雅",
    "en": "Polite behaviour and good taste in social or cultural matters."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One small refinement made the chair much more comfortable.",
    "zh": "一处小小的改进让这把椅子舒适了许多。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Continued refinement of water treatment methods can improve public health while reducing the cost of supplying clean water.",
    "zh": "持续改进水处理方法，可以改善公共健康，同时降低清洁用水的供应成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "further refinement｜进一步完善",
   "a refinement to the design｜对设计的一项改进",
   "the refinement of raw materials｜原材料的精炼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "refine (v.)",
   "refined (adj.)",
   "refinery (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "improvement",
   "polish"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "具体改进可数；改进过程、提纯或文雅通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "refinement"
 },
 {
  "w": "preach",
  "uk": "/priːtʃ/",
  "us": "/priːtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "讲道；布道",
    "en": "To deliver a religious talk to a group of people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "宣扬；竭力倡导",
    "en": "To strongly encourage others to accept an idea or behaviour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "说教",
    "en": "To give unwanted advice about how others should behave."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The minister preached about kindness at the morning service.",
    "zh": "牧师在晨间礼拜中以友善为主题讲道。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should demonstrate respect through everyday practices rather than simply preach the importance of good behaviour.",
    "zh": "学校应通过日常实践展现尊重，而不应仅仅说教，强调良好行为的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "preach a sermon｜布道",
   "preach tolerance｜倡导宽容",
   "preach to someone｜对某人说教",
   "practise what you preach｜身体力行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "preacher (n.)",
   "preaching (n.)",
   "preachy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "advocate",
   "moralize"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "preach to someone常含“对某人说教”的贬义。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "preach"
 },
 {
  "w": "meek",
  "uk": "/miːk/",
  "us": "/miːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "温顺的；逆来顺受的",
    "en": "Quiet and unwilling to argue or resist others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He gave a meek nod and stepped aside.",
    "zh": "他顺从地点了点头，退到一旁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who seem meek in class may express strong opinions when given a supportive discussion environment.",
    "zh": "课堂上看似温顺的学生，在得到支持的讨论环境中也可能表达坚定的观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "meek voice｜怯弱的声音",
   "meek acceptance｜逆来顺受的接受",
   "meek and mild｜温顺柔和的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "meekly (adv.)",
   "meekness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "submissive",
   "timid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "assertive",
   "defiant"
  ],
  "tip": "常暗含不敢反抗，不等同于褒义的 humble。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meek"
 },
 {
  "w": "accompaniment",
  "uk": "/əˈkʌmpənimənt/",
  "us": "/əˈkʌmpənimənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "伴奏",
    "en": "Music played to support a singer or main instrument."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "配菜；搭配物",
    "en": "Something served or provided together with something else."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister sang while I played the piano accompaniment.",
    "zh": "姐姐唱歌，我弹钢琴伴奏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning to provide musical accompaniment can help students develop listening skills and cooperate more effectively with others.",
    "zh": "学习音乐伴奏能帮助学生培养倾听能力，并更有效地与他人合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "piano accompaniment｜钢琴伴奏",
   "musical accompaniment｜音乐伴奏",
   "an accompaniment to｜与……搭配的事物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accompany (v.)",
   "accompanist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指伴奏或搭配物；“同伴”应说 companion。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accompaniment"
 },
 {
  "w": "logistics",
  "uk": "/ləˈdʒɪstɪks/",
  "us": "/ləˈdʒɪstɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "物流；后勤组织",
    "en": "The organization of transporting goods, equipment, or people where needed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother handles the logistics of our camping trips.",
    "zh": "我们露营出行的后勤安排由我哥哥负责。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Efficient logistics can reduce food waste by ensuring fresh produce reaches urban markets quickly.",
    "zh": "高效的物流能确保新鲜农产品迅速运抵城市市场，从而减少食物浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "logistics management｜物流管理",
   "handle the logistics｜负责后勤安排",
   "transport logistics｜运输物流"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "logistical (adj.)",
   "logistically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "虽以-s结尾，但不表示多个；可指活动后勤。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "logistics"
 },
 {
  "w": "perceptible",
  "uk": "/pəˈseptəbl/",
  "us": "/pɚˈseptəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可察觉的；可感知的",
    "en": "Noticeable through the senses or the mind."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There was a barely perceptible tremble in his voice.",
    "zh": "他的声音中有一丝几乎察觉不到的颤抖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Cleaner transport policies have produced a perceptible improvement in air quality across several densely populated districts.",
    "zh": "更清洁的交通政策已使几个高人口密度地区的空气质量得到可察觉的改善。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "barely perceptible｜几乎察觉不到的",
   "perceptible change｜可察觉的变化",
   "perceptible difference｜可察觉的差别"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perceive (v.)",
   "perception (n.)",
   "perceptibly (adv.)",
   "imperceptible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "noticeable",
   "detectable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "imperceptible"
  ],
  "tip": "指能察觉，不一定很明显；常与 barely 连用。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "perceptible"
 },
 {
  "w": "adept",
  "uk": "/əˈdept/",
  "us": "/əˈdept/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "熟练的；擅长的",
    "en": "Very skilled at doing something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "能手；行家",
    "en": "Someone who is highly skilled in a particular activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister is adept at fixing old bicycles.",
    "zh": "我姐姐很擅长修理旧自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers who are adept at using digital tools can adapt lessons to meet a wider range of learning needs.",
    "zh": "擅长使用数字工具的教师能够调整课程，以满足更多样的学习需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adept at solving problems｜善于解决问题",
   "adept at handling｜善于处理",
   "technically adept｜技术娴熟的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adeptly (adv.)",
   "adeptness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "skilled",
   "proficient",
   "accomplished"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inept",
   "unskilled"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be adept at doing，表示擅长做某事。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adept"
 },
 {
  "w": "pretentious",
  "uk": "/prɪˈtenʃəs/",
  "us": "/prɪˈtenʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自命不凡的；故作高深的",
    "en": "trying to seem more important or impressive than is justified"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The café felt pretentious, with velvet chairs and tiny portions.",
    "zh": "这家咖啡馆摆着天鹅绒椅子，食物分量却很小，让人觉得装腔作势。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public art may alienate local residents if its presentation seems pretentious rather than welcoming and accessible.",
    "zh": "如果公共艺术的呈现方式显得故作高深，而非亲切易懂，就可能疏远当地居民。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sound pretentious｜听起来装腔作势",
   "pretentious language｜故作高深的语言",
   "a pretentious attitude｜自命不凡的态度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pretension (n.)",
   "pretentiously (adv.)",
   "unpretentious (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "affected",
   "pompous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unpretentious",
   "modest"
  ],
  "tip": "贬义：刻意显得高雅或重要，不只是有自信。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pretentious"
 },
 {
  "w": "peripheral",
  "uk": "/pəˈrɪfərəl/",
  "us": "/pəˈrɪfərəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "次要的；非核心的",
    "en": "Not central to the main issue or activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "外围的；末梢的",
    "en": "Situated away from the centre, towards the outer edge."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "计算机外围设备",
    "en": "A device connected to a computer for additional functions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The paint colour is peripheral to our kitchen repairs.",
    "zh": "油漆颜色在我们的厨房维修中是次要问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Funding debates should not allow peripheral issues to distract attention from the central goal of improving education.",
    "zh": "资金讨论不应让次要问题分散人们对改善教育这一核心目标的关注。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "peripheral issue｜次要问题",
   "peripheral vision｜周边视觉",
   "peripheral nerves｜周围神经",
   "peripheral device｜外围设备"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "periphery (n.)",
   "peripherally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "marginal",
   "secondary"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "central"
  ],
  "tip": "peripheral to表示对……而言次要或非核心。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "peripheral"
 },
 {
  "w": "deterioration",
  "uk": "/dɪˌtɪəriəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˌtɪriəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恶化；退化；损坏",
    "en": "The process of becoming worse in condition or quality."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cracks in the ceiling showed the building's gradual deterioration.",
    "zh": "天花板上的裂缝表明这栋楼正逐渐破损。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A deterioration in urban air quality can increase respiratory illness and place additional pressure on healthcare services.",
    "zh": "城市空气质量恶化会增加呼吸系统疾病，并给医疗服务带来额外压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a deterioration in health｜健康状况恶化",
   "gradual deterioration｜逐渐恶化",
   "prevent further deterioration｜防止进一步恶化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deteriorate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "decline",
   "worsening",
   "degradation"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "improvement",
   "recovery"
  ],
  "tip": "常用a deterioration in表示某方面的恶化。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deterioration"
 },
 {
  "w": "alienation",
  "uk": "/ˌeɪliəˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌeɪliəˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疏离感；疏远",
    "en": "The feeling of being disconnected from other people or society."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "异化",
    "en": "Separation from meaningful work, personal identity, or human potential."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Joining a local choir eased her sense of alienation.",
    "zh": "加入当地合唱团缓解了她的疏离感。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid urban development can deepen residents' alienation when familiar neighbourhoods are replaced by anonymous apartment blocks.",
    "zh": "当熟悉的街区被缺乏特色的公寓楼取代时，快速的城市开发可能加深居民的疏离感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a sense of alienation｜疏离感",
   "social alienation｜社会疏离",
   "alienation from society｜与社会的疏离"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "alienate (v.)",
   "alienated (adj.)",
   "alienating (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "estrangement",
   "disconnection"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "belonging"
  ],
  "tip": "日常多指疏离感；哲学、社会学中可指异化。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alienation"
 },
 {
  "w": "indispensable",
  "uk": "/ˌɪndɪˈspensəbəl/",
  "us": "/ˌɪndɪˈspensəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不可或缺的；必需的",
    "en": "So important or useful that it cannot be done without"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My bicycle is indispensable for getting to work.",
    "zh": "我的自行车是我上班不可缺少的交通工具。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable internet access has become indispensable for students who depend on digital platforms to complete their coursework.",
    "zh": "对于依靠数字平台完成课程作业的学生来说，可靠的网络连接已变得不可或缺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "indispensable to｜对……不可或缺",
   "indispensable for｜为……所必需",
   "an indispensable tool｜不可缺少的工具",
   "play an indispensable role｜发挥不可或缺的作用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dispensable (adj.)",
   "indispensability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "essential",
   "vital",
   "necessary"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "dispensable",
   "unnecessary"
  ],
  "tip": "常接to或for；语气比useful强，表示少不了。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indispensable"
 },
 {
  "w": "negligence",
  "uk": "/ˈneɡlɪdʒəns/",
  "us": "/ˈneɡlɪdʒəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疏忽；失职；过失",
    "en": "Failure to take proper care or fulfil a responsibility"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The leaking roof resulted from years of negligence.",
    "zh": "屋顶漏水是多年疏于维护造成的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stronger workplace inspections can help prevent accidents caused by employer negligence and inadequate safety training.",
    "zh": "加强工作场所检查有助于预防雇主失职及安全培训不足引发的事故。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "professional negligence｜专业失职",
   "medical negligence｜医疗过失",
   "gross negligence｜重大过失",
   "negligence claims｜过失索赔"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "negligent (adj.)",
   "negligently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "carelessness",
   "neglect"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "diligence"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词，常指未尽应有注意义务的过失。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "negligence"
 },
 {
  "w": "terrestrial",
  "uk": "/təˈrestriəl/",
  "us": "/təˈrestriəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "陆生的；陆地的",
    "en": "living on or relating to land rather than water"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "地球的",
    "en": "relating to Earth rather than other planets"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "地面广播的",
    "en": "broadcast using equipment on Earth rather than satellites"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Unlike fish, terrestrial animals spend their lives on land.",
    "zh": "与鱼类不同，陆生动物在陆地上生活。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting terrestrial habitats is essential because many species cannot survive outside their original ecosystems.",
    "zh": "保护陆地栖息地至关重要，因为许多物种离开原有生态系统就无法生存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "terrestrial animals｜陆生动物",
   "terrestrial ecosystems｜陆地生态系统",
   "terrestrial television｜地面电视广播"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "extraterrestrial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "aquatic"
  ],
  "tip": "陆生义与aquatic（水生的）相对。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "terrestrial"
 },
 {
  "w": "starch",
  "uk": "/stɑːtʃ/",
  "us": "/stɑːrtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "淀粉",
    "en": "A carbohydrate found in foods such as potatoes, rice, and bread."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给衣物上浆",
    "en": "To treat cloth with starch to make it stiff."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Mix the corn starch with water before adding it.",
    "zh": "先将玉米淀粉和水混合，再加进去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Foods rich in starch provide energy, but their nutritional value also depends on fibre content and processing methods.",
    "zh": "富含淀粉的食物提供能量，但其营养价值也取决于纤维含量和加工方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rich in starch｜富含淀粉",
   "potato starch｜马铃薯淀粉",
   "corn starch｜玉米淀粉",
   "starch a shirt｜给衬衫上浆"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "starchy (adj.)",
   "starched (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作“淀粉”通常不可数；starchy意为富含淀粉的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "starch"
 },
 {
  "w": "situational",
  "uk": "/ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃənəl/",
  "us": "/ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "情境相关的；由环境引起的",
    "en": "Related to or caused by the circumstances of a particular situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My anxiety is situational, appearing only in crowded lifts.",
    "zh": "我的焦虑由特定情境引起，只在拥挤的电梯里出现。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should consider situational factors, such as classroom noise, before attributing poor performance to a lack of ability.",
    "zh": "教师在将表现不佳归因于能力不足之前，应考虑课堂噪声等情境因素。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "situational factors｜情境因素",
   "situational awareness｜情境意识",
   "situational anxiety｜情境性焦虑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "situation (n.)",
   "situationally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调特定情境的影响，不等于暂时的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "situational"
 },
 {
  "w": "headlong",
  "uk": "/ˈhedlɒŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈhedlɔːŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "头朝前地；猛然地",
    "en": "With the head first, or with great speed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "贸然地；不加考虑地",
    "en": "Without enough thought about possible dangers or consequences."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "仓促的；鲁莽的",
    "en": "Done very quickly without enough care or thought."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He tripped over the cushion and fell headlong onto the sofa.",
    "zh": "他被靠垫绊了一下，一头栽到沙发上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should avoid rushing headlong into major infrastructure projects without first assessing their environmental impact.",
    "zh": "政府应避免在评估环境影响之前贸然启动重大基础设施项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fall headlong｜一头栽倒",
   "rush headlong into｜贸然投入",
   "a headlong rush｜不顾一切的急进"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "headfirst",
   "rashly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cautiously"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指头朝前，也可比喻不顾后果地行动。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "headlong"
 },
 {
  "w": "monopoly",
  "uk": "/məˈnɒpəli/",
  "us": "/məˈnɑːpəli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "垄断；独占",
    "en": "complete control of a market or exclusive possession of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "垄断企业",
    "en": "a business that exclusively supplies a product or service"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One company has a monopoly on our island's ferry services.",
    "zh": "一家公司垄断了我们岛上的渡轮服务。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without effective regulation, a monopoly can raise prices and leave consumers with few alternatives.",
    "zh": "如果缺乏有效监管，垄断企业可能提高价格，让消费者几乎别无选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have a monopoly on｜垄断；独占",
   "break a monopoly｜打破垄断",
   "state monopoly｜国家垄断"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "monopolise (v.)",
   "monopolist (n.)",
   "monopolistic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "competition"
  ],
  "tip": "表示对某领域的垄断，常用monopoly on。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "monopoly"
 },
 {
  "w": "quarry",
  "uk": "/ˈkwɒri/",
  "us": "/ˈkwɔːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "采石场",
    "en": "A large open pit where stone is dug from the ground."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "开采石料",
    "en": "To dig stone out of the ground."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "猎物；追捕对象",
    "en": "An animal or person being hunted or pursued."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Huge trucks carried pale stone out of the quarry.",
    "zh": "巨型卡车把浅色石料运出了采石场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring an abandoned quarry can create valuable wildlife habitats while reducing risks to nearby communities.",
    "zh": "修复废弃采石场可以创造宝贵的野生动物栖息地，同时降低周边社区面临的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stone quarry｜采石场",
   "disused quarry｜废弃采石场",
   "quarry limestone｜开采石灰岩"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "quarrying (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "采石场义可数；猎物义常用单数形式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quarry"
 },
 {
  "w": "wallaby",
  "uk": "/ˈwɒləbi/",
  "us": "/ˈwɑːləbi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小袋鼠",
    "en": "An animal resembling a kangaroo but generally smaller."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A wallaby hopped across the path ahead of us.",
    "zh": "一只小袋鼠从我们前方的小路上跳了过去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting native vegetation helps wallaby populations survive as farming and urban development reduce their natural habitat.",
    "zh": "农业和城市开发不断缩减小袋鼠的自然栖息地，保护本土植被有助于其种群生存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wallaby population｜小袋鼠种群",
   "wallaby habitat｜小袋鼠栖息地",
   "a rock wallaby｜岩袋鼠"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "wallaby不是袋鼠幼崽；袋鼠幼崽叫joey。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wallaby"
 },
 {
  "w": "hustle",
  "uk": "/ˈhʌsəl/",
  "us": "/ˈhʌsəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赶忙；催促；推搡着带走",
    "en": "To move quickly or make someone move quickly, sometimes roughly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "忙碌喧闹",
    "en": "Busy, energetic activity involving many people."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "兜售；设法骗取",
    "en": "To sell aggressively or obtain something through dishonest persuasion."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hustled through the station to catch the last train.",
    "zh": "我们匆忙穿过车站，赶上末班火车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some residents leave major cities because the daily hustle makes it difficult to maintain a balanced lifestyle.",
    "zh": "一些居民离开大城市，是因为日常的忙碌喧闹让他们难以保持平衡的生活方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hustle and bustle｜熙熙攘攘",
   "hustle someone out｜催促某人出去",
   "hustle through the crowd｜匆忙穿过人群"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hustler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hustle and bustle是固定搭配，指忙碌喧闹。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hustle"
 },
 {
  "w": "layman",
  "uk": "/ˈleɪmən/",
  "us": "/ˈleɪmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "外行；非专业人士",
    "en": "someone without specialist knowledge of a particular subject"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "普通男信徒",
    "en": "a male religious member who is not a priest or minister"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic explained the problem in layman's terms.",
    "zh": "修理工用通俗易懂的话解释了这个问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientific reports should include summaries that a layman can understand without specialist training.",
    "zh": "科学报告应附有摘要，让未受专业训练的普通人也能看懂。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in layman's terms｜用通俗的话",
   "explain to a layman｜向外行解释"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lay (adj.)",
   "layperson (n.)",
   "laypeople (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "non-specialist"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "expert",
   "specialist"
  ],
  "tip": "泛指非专业人士时，layperson更具性别包容性。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "layman"
 },
 {
  "w": "dart",
  "uk": "/dɑːt/",
  "us": "/dɑrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猛冲；飞奔",
    "en": "To move suddenly and quickly in a particular direction."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "飞镖",
    "en": "A small pointed object thrown at a target."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A squirrel darted across the path ahead of us.",
    "zh": "一只松鼠在我们前方飞快地穿过小路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When animals dart across busy roads, wildlife crossings can provide safer routes and help protect local populations.",
    "zh": "当动物飞快地穿越繁忙道路时，野生动物通道可以提供更安全的路线，帮助保护当地种群。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dart across the road｜飞快地穿过马路",
   "dart a glance at｜迅速瞥一眼",
   "throw a dart｜投飞镖",
   "play darts｜玩飞镖"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "dash"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "飞镖运动用darts；作主语时谓语用单数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dart"
 },
 {
  "w": "refrain",
  "uk": "/rɪˈfreɪn/",
  "us": "/rɪˈfreɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "克制；避免做",
    "en": "To deliberately stop yourself from doing something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "副歌；反复出现的话",
    "en": "A repeated part of a song, poem, or speech."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please refrain from feeding the ducks near the bridge.",
    "zh": "请不要给桥边的鸭子喂食。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors should refrain from touching fragile exhibits so that museums can preserve them for future generations.",
    "zh": "参观者应避免触碰易损展品，以便博物馆将其保存下来，留给后代。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "refrain from doing something｜避免做某事",
   "refrain from comment｜不予置评",
   "a familiar refrain｜老生常谈"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "abstain",
   "desist"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用refrain from doing，语气较正式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "refrain"
 },
 {
  "w": "nitrate",
  "uk": "/ˈnaɪtreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈnaɪtreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "硝酸盐",
    "en": "A salt of nitric acid, often used in fertilisers"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The gardener added a nitrate fertiliser to the soil.",
    "zh": "园丁往土里施了硝酸盐肥料。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive nitrate levels in rivers can encourage algal growth and threaten the survival of aquatic species.",
    "zh": "河流中硝酸盐含量过高，会促进藻类生长，并威胁水生物种的生存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nitrate levels｜硝酸盐含量",
   "nitrate pollution｜硝酸盐污染",
   "potassium nitrate｜硝酸钾",
   "nitrate fertiliser｜硝酸盐肥料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nitration (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nitrate是硝酸盐；nitrite是亚硝酸盐。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nitrate"
 },
 {
  "w": "detract",
  "uk": "/dɪˈtrækt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈtrækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "减损；降低",
    "en": "To make something seem less valuable, attractive, or impressive."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The noisy road detracts from our garden's peaceful atmosphere.",
    "zh": "道路上的噪声破坏了我们花园的宁静氛围。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poor public transport can detract from a city's appeal, even when its cultural attractions are exceptional.",
    "zh": "即使文化景点十分出色，糟糕的公共交通也会削弱一座城市的吸引力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "detract from the appeal｜削弱吸引力",
   "detract from the value｜降低价值",
   "detract from the achievement｜使成就逊色"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "detractor (n.)",
   "detraction (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "diminish",
   "lessen"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "enhance"
  ],
  "tip": "通常用detract from，不直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "detract"
 },
 {
  "w": "quench",
  "uk": "/kwentʃ/",
  "us": "/kwentʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "解渴；满足（渴望）",
    "en": "To satisfy thirst or a strong desire."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "扑灭；熄灭",
    "en": "To put out a fire or stop flames burning."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cold water quenched my thirst after the long walk.",
    "zh": "走了很长一段路后，凉水解了我的渴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public drinking fountains allow residents to quench their thirst without buying bottled water, reducing plastic waste.",
    "zh": "公共饮水设施让居民无需购买瓶装水就能解渴，从而减少塑料垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "quench your thirst｜解渴",
   "quench a thirst for knowledge｜满足求知欲",
   "quench the flames｜扑灭火焰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "unquenchable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "satisfy",
   "extinguish"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "最常见搭配是quench one's thirst，表示解渴。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quench"
 },
 {
  "w": "adversity",
  "uk": "/ədˈvɜːsəti/",
  "us": "/ədˈvɝːsəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "逆境；困境",
    "en": "A difficult or unfortunate situation that causes hardship."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her friends stood beside her throughout years of adversity.",
    "zh": "在多年逆境中，她的朋友一直陪伴在她身边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strong community networks can help families cope with adversity during periods of economic uncertainty.",
    "zh": "在经济前景不明朗的时期，牢固的社区关系网络能帮助家庭应对困境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "face adversity｜面对逆境",
   "overcome adversity｜克服困境",
   "in the face of adversity｜面对逆境时"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adverse (adj.)",
   "adversely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hardship",
   "misfortune"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "prosperity"
  ],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词，常与face、overcome搭配。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adversity"
 },
 {
  "w": "wretched",
  "uk": "/ˈretʃɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈretʃɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "痛苦的；可怜的",
    "en": "Very unhappy, uncomfortable, or unfortunate."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "恶劣的；糟糕的",
    "en": "Extremely bad in quality or condition."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt wretched after spending the night coughing.",
    "zh": "咳嗽了一整晚后，我感到十分难受。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Families living in wretched housing conditions face greater risks of respiratory illness and other health problems.",
    "zh": "居住条件恶劣的家庭面临更高的呼吸系统疾病及其他健康问题风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel wretched｜感到难受",
   "wretched conditions｜恶劣的条件",
   "wretched existence｜悲惨的生活"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wretchedly (adv.)",
   "wretchedness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "miserable",
   "pitiful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "happy"
  ],
  "tip": "开头w不发音；词尾-ed在此读/ɪd/。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wretched"
 },
 {
  "w": "endow",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdaʊ/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdaʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "捐资设立；资助",
    "en": "give money to support an institution or position permanently"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赋予品质或能力",
    "en": "give someone or something a particular quality or ability"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her family endowed a scholarship at the local college.",
    "zh": "她的家人在当地学院捐资设立了一项奖学金。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Private donations can endow research centres that investigate long-term solutions to urgent public health problems.",
    "zh": "私人捐款可以资助研究中心，为紧迫的公共卫生问题探索长期解决方案。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "endow a scholarship｜捐资设立奖学金",
   "endow a chair｜捐资设立教授席位",
   "be endowed with｜天生具有"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "endowment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be endowed with常指天生具备某种才能或品质。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "endow"
 },
 {
  "w": "fob",
  "uk": "/fɒb/",
  "us": "/fɑːb/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "钥匙挂件；电子钥匙",
    "en": "A small object attached to keys, sometimes controlling electronic locks."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "敷衍；搪塞",
    "en": "With off, to dismiss someone using excuses or inadequate answers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I pressed the fob to unlock the car.",
    "zh": "我按了电子钥匙，打开了车锁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Housing providers increasingly issue residents an electronic fob to control access to shared buildings.",
    "zh": "住房提供方越来越多地向住户发放电子钥匙，以管理共有楼宇的出入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "key fob｜钥匙挂件；电子钥匙",
   "electronic fob｜电子门禁钥匙",
   "fob someone off｜敷衍某人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "贸易中的离岸价通常写作FOB，区别于小写fob。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fob"
 },
 {
  "w": "translucent",
  "uk": "/trænzˈluːsənt/",
  "us": "/trænzˈluːsənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "半透明的",
    "en": "Allowing light through, but not a clear view of objects."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Soft sunlight came through the translucent bathroom window.",
    "zh": "柔和的阳光透过浴室的半透明窗户照进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Translucent panels allow natural light into offices while maintaining privacy for people working inside.",
    "zh": "半透明板材让自然光进入办公室，同时保护室内工作人员的隐私。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "translucent glass｜半透明玻璃",
   "translucent material｜半透明材料",
   "translucent panels｜半透明板材"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "translucence (n.)",
   "translucency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "semitransparent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "opaque"
  ],
  "tip": "与transparent不同：能透光，但看不清后面的物体。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "translucent"
 },
 {
  "w": "gorge",
  "uk": "/ɡɔːdʒ/",
  "us": "/ɡɔːrdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "峡谷",
    "en": "a deep, narrow valley with steep sides"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "狼吞虎咽；大吃",
    "en": "to eat a very large amount of food"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the river rushing through the rocky gorge.",
    "zh": "我们看着河水奔流穿过岩石峡谷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Building roads through a gorge can damage fragile habitats and increase the risk of landslides.",
    "zh": "在峡谷中修建道路可能破坏脆弱的栖息地，并增加滑坡风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a deep gorge｜深峡谷",
   "a narrow gorge｜狭窄的峡谷",
   "gorge on food｜大吃食物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "ravine",
   "canyon"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "现代常用名词义为“峡谷”；动词常接 on。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gorge"
 },
 {
  "w": "indebtedness",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdetɪdnəs/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdetɪdnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "负债；债务",
    "en": "The state of owing money, or the amount owed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "感激；受恩",
    "en": "A feeling of gratitude for help received."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their growing indebtedness forced them to sell the car.",
    "zh": "不断增加的债务迫使他们卖掉了汽车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High household indebtedness can reduce consumer spending and make an economy more vulnerable to financial shocks.",
    "zh": "家庭高负债会减少消费支出，使经济更容易受到金融冲击。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "household indebtedness｜家庭负债",
   "a sense of indebtedness｜感恩之情",
   "indebtedness to someone｜对某人的感激或欠债"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "indebted (adj.)",
   "debt (n.)",
   "debtor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指负债，也可指感恩；b不发音。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indebtedness"
 },
 {
  "w": "immerse",
  "uk": "/ɪˈmɜːs/",
  "us": "/ɪˈmɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使沉浸；使专心于",
    "en": "to involve someone deeply in an activity or experience"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "浸没；浸入",
    "en": "to put something completely beneath the surface of a liquid"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "On rainy afternoons, I immerse myself in a novel.",
    "zh": "下雨的午后，我会沉浸在小说中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Exchange programmes allow students to immerse themselves in another culture and develop greater independence.",
    "zh": "交流项目让学生深入体验另一种文化，并培养更强的独立性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "immerse yourself in｜使自己沉浸于",
   "fully immersed in｜完全沉浸于",
   "immerse in water｜浸入水中"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "immersion (n.)",
   "immersive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "absorb",
   "submerge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "沉浸于某事用immerse yourself in，注意反身代词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "immerse"
 },
 {
  "w": "veteran",
  "uk": "/ˈvetərən/",
  "us": "/ˈvetərən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "老手；经验丰富的人",
    "en": "Someone with extensive experience in a particular activity or profession."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "退伍军人；老兵",
    "en": "Someone who has served in the armed forces, especially during war."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Ask Priya; she's a veteran of long camping trips.",
    "zh": "问问普里娅吧，她有丰富的长途露营经验。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A veteran of the teaching profession can offer valuable guidance to colleagues entering challenging classroom environments.",
    "zh": "教学经验丰富的教师可以为初入充满挑战的课堂环境的同事提供宝贵指导。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a veteran of｜在……方面经验丰富的人",
   "a war veteran｜参战老兵",
   "a veteran journalist｜资深记者"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "novice"
  ],
  "tip": "a veteran of后接领域或经历；也可前置修饰职业名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "veteran"
 },
 {
  "w": "perpendicular",
  "uk": "/ˌpɜːpənˈdɪkjələ/",
  "us": "/ˌpɝːpənˈdɪkjələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "垂直的；成直角的",
    "en": "Meeting another line or surface at a right angle"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "直立的；陡直的",
    "en": "Rising straight up rather than sloping"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "垂线",
    "en": "A line forming a right angle with another"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep the drill perpendicular to the wooden board.",
    "zh": "让电钻与木板保持垂直。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposed cycle path runs perpendicular to the main road, creating a crossing that requires careful safety planning.",
    "zh": "拟建自行车道与主干道垂直相交，形成的交叉口需要周密的安全规划。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "perpendicular to｜与……垂直",
   "perpendicular lines｜互相垂直的线",
   "a perpendicular cliff｜陡直的悬崖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perpendicularly (adv.)",
   "perpendicularity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "parallel"
  ],
  "tip": "表示与某物垂直用perpendicular to，不用with。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "perpendicular"
 },
 {
  "w": "saline",
  "uk": "/ˈseɪlaɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈseɪliːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "含盐的；盐的",
    "en": "containing salt or relating to salt"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "生理盐水；盐溶液",
    "en": "a salt solution, especially one used in medical treatment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse gently cleaned the wound with saline.",
    "zh": "护士用生理盐水轻轻清洗了伤口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rising sea levels can make coastal groundwater more saline, reducing its suitability for drinking and irrigation.",
    "zh": "海平面上升会使沿海地下水的含盐量增加，降低其饮用和灌溉适用性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "saline solution｜盐溶液",
   "saline water｜咸水",
   "saline soil｜盐渍土"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "salinity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "salty"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "医学中saline常指生理盐水，不指盐湖。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "saline"
 },
 {
  "w": "concession",
  "uk": "/kənˈseʃən/",
  "us": "/kənˈseʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "让步；妥协",
    "en": "Something accepted or given up to help reach an agreement"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "优惠；减价",
    "en": "A reduced price offered to a particular group of people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "特许经营权",
    "en": "Official permission to operate a business or use particular resources"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We made a concession and agreed to leave earlier.",
    "zh": "我们作出让步，同意早点离开。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Offering concessions to students and older people can make public transport more affordable for these groups.",
    "zh": "向学生和老年人提供优惠，可以让这些群体更负担得起公共交通费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make a concession｜作出让步",
   "price concessions｜价格优惠",
   "a major concession｜重大让步",
   "mining concession｜采矿特许权"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "concede (v.)",
   "concessionary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "make concessions表示让步；英式英语中也指票价优惠。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "concession"
 },
 {
  "w": "displacement",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈpleɪsmənt/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈpleɪsmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "被迫迁离；流离失所",
    "en": "The forced movement of people away from their homes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "取代；替代",
    "en": "The replacement of someone or something by another."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "位移；排开量",
    "en": "Movement from a position, or fluid pushed aside by an object."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The flood caused displacement, forcing families into temporary shelters.",
    "zh": "洪水迫使许多家庭离开家园，住进临时避难所。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal erosion may lead to widespread displacement unless governments invest in effective protection and planned relocation.",
    "zh": "除非政府投入资金进行有效防护和有计划的搬迁，否则海岸侵蚀可能导致大量居民被迫迁离。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "population displacement｜人口被迫迁移",
   "forced displacement｜被迫迁离",
   "job displacement｜岗位被取代",
   "water displacement｜排水量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "displace (v.)",
   "displaced (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指人常译被迫迁离；物理中指位移或排开量。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "displacement"
 },
 {
  "w": "emigrant",
  "uk": "/ˈemɪɡrənt/",
  "us": "/ˈemɪɡrənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "移居国外者；移出者",
    "en": "someone who leaves their country to settle in another"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "As an emigrant, she missed her hometown's busy markets.",
    "zh": "移居国外后，她很想念家乡热闹的集市。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Emigrants often maintain strong connections with their countries of origin through family visits and financial support.",
    "zh": "移居国外的人常通过探亲和经济援助，与原籍国保持紧密联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "emigrant workers｜移居国外的工人",
   "emigrant community｜移居海外的群体",
   "emigrant families｜移居国外的家庭"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "emigrate (v.)",
   "emigration (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "从原籍国看是emigrant，从迁入国看是immigrant。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "emigrant"
 },
 {
  "w": "precede",
  "uk": "/prɪˈsiːd/",
  "us": "/prɪˈsiːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "先于；在……之前发生",
    "en": "to happen or exist before something else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "走在……前面",
    "en": "to go in front of someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A short welcome speech will precede the evening meal.",
    "zh": "晚餐前会有一段简短的欢迎致辞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Thorough environmental assessments should precede major construction projects to identify potential risks to local ecosystems.",
    "zh": "大型建设项目启动前应进行全面的环境评估，以识别对当地生态系统的潜在风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "immediately precede｜紧接着发生在……之前",
   "precede the introduction of｜先于……的引入",
   "be preceded by｜在……之前有"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "preceding (adj.)",
   "precedence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "come before"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "follow"
  ],
  "tip": "precede 指先于；proceed 指继续进行。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "precede"
 },
 {
  "w": "soluble",
  "uk": "/ˈsɒljəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈsɑːljəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可溶的",
    "en": "Able to dissolve in a liquid."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可解决的",
    "en": "Possible to solve, especially through thought or effort."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These soluble tablets disappear quickly in a glass of water.",
    "zh": "这些可溶片在一杯水中很快就溶解了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Water-soluble pollutants can spread through rivers, making contamination difficult to contain once it enters the water supply.",
    "zh": "水溶性污染物可沿河流扩散，一旦进入供水系统，污染便难以控制。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "soluble in water｜可溶于水",
   "water-soluble vitamins｜水溶性维生素",
   "highly soluble｜溶解度高的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "solubility (n.)",
   "insoluble (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "insoluble"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be soluble in；水溶性可写water-soluble。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "soluble"
 },
 {
  "w": "diaphragm",
  "uk": "/ˈdaɪəfræm/",
  "us": "/ˈdaɪəfræm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "膈；横膈膜",
    "en": "the muscle below your lungs that helps you breathe"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "膜片；振动膜",
    "en": "a thin flexible sheet that vibrates in sound equipment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "光圈",
    "en": "a camera part that controls how much light enters"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The singing teacher explained how the diaphragm supports breathing.",
    "zh": "声乐老师讲解了横膈膜如何帮助呼吸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward, allowing the lungs to expand as air enters.",
    "zh": "吸气时，横膈膜收缩并向下移动，使肺部随着空气进入而扩张。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "diaphragm contraction｜膈肌收缩",
   "relax the diaphragm｜放松膈肌",
   "camera diaphragm｜相机光圈"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "diaphragmatic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "解剖学义也称膈肌；注意ph发/f/，g不发音。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diaphragm"
 },
 {
  "w": "numerate",
  "uk": "/ˈnjuːmərət/",
  "us": "/ˈnuːmərət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "具备基本计算能力的",
    "en": "able to understand and work with numbers"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop needs numerate staff who can calculate change.",
    "zh": "这家店需要会计算找零、具备基本计算能力的员工。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should ensure that all students become numerate enough to manage personal finances and interpret basic statistics.",
    "zh": "学校应确保所有学生都具备足够的计算能力，能够管理个人财务并理解基础统计数据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "numerate staff｜具备计算能力的员工",
   "highly numerate｜计算能力很强的",
   "literate and numerate｜具备读写和计算能力的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "numeracy (n.)",
   "innumerate (adj.)",
   "innumeracy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "innumerate"
  ],
  "tip": "现代常作形容词，指有计算能力；名词为numeracy。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "numerate"
 },
 {
  "w": "concerted",
  "uk": "/kənˈsɜːtɪd/",
  "us": "/kənˈsɝːtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "协同一致的；共同筹划的",
    "en": "Planned and carried out together to achieve a shared goal."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "全力以赴的",
    "en": "Involving determined effort directed towards a particular goal."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our concerted efforts finally cleared the garden of rubbish.",
    "zh": "我们齐心协力，终于清除了花园里的垃圾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing urban air pollution requires concerted action from local authorities, transport providers, businesses and residents.",
    "zh": "减少城市空气污染需要地方政府、交通服务商、企业和居民采取协同行动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "concerted effort｜共同努力；全力投入",
   "concerted action｜协同行动",
   "concerted campaign｜联合开展的运动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "concertedly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "coordinated",
   "joint"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uncoordinated"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰effort或action，强调协同或集中全力。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "concerted"
 },
 {
  "w": "prairie",
  "uk": "/ˈpreəri/",
  "us": "/ˈpreri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "北美大草原",
    "en": "A broad, mostly treeless grassland in North America"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched tall grass ripple across the open prairie.",
    "zh": "我们看着高高的草在开阔的大草原上起伏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting native prairie habitats helps preserve biodiversity and maintains grassland ecosystems that store substantial amounts of carbon.",
    "zh": "保护原生北美草原生境有助于维护生物多样性，并维持储存大量碳的草原生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prairie grass｜草原牧草",
   "native prairie｜原生北美草原",
   "prairie conservation｜北美草原保护"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "grassland"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常特指北美草原；泛指草地可用 grassland。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prairie"
 },
 {
  "w": "mighty",
  "uk": "/ˈmaɪti/",
  "us": "/ˈmaɪti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "强大的；巨大的",
    "en": "Very strong, powerful, or large."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "非常；很",
    "en": "Very; used informally to make a description stronger."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A mighty oak stood in the middle of the field.",
    "zh": "田野中央矗立着一棵高大的橡树。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although mighty rivers provide valuable renewable energy, building large dams can seriously disrupt surrounding ecosystems.",
    "zh": "尽管大河能提供宝贵的可再生能源，修建大型水坝仍可能严重扰乱周边生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mighty river｜大河",
   "mighty empire｜强大的帝国",
   "mighty effort｜极大的努力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "might (n.)",
   "mightily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "powerful",
   "strong"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "weak"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词常带文学色彩；副词义“很”较口语化。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mighty"
 },
 {
  "w": "opium",
  "uk": "/ˈəʊpiəm/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊpiəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鸦片",
    "en": "An addictive substance from poppies, used to produce certain painkillers"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum guide explained how opium affected trade.",
    "zh": "博物馆讲解员介绍了鸦片如何影响贸易。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historical research shows that the opium trade had lasting economic and social consequences for several countries.",
    "zh": "历史研究表明，鸦片贸易给多个国家带来了长期的经济和社会影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "opium poppy｜罂粟",
   "opium trade｜鸦片贸易",
   "opium addiction｜鸦片成瘾"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词，专指鸦片，不泛指所有麻醉剂。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "opium"
 },
 {
  "w": "falcon",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːlkən/",
  "us": "/ˈfælkən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "隼；猎鹰",
    "en": "a hunting bird with pointed wings and a curved beak"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A falcon circled above the cliffs this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早晨，一只隼在悬崖上方盘旋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting cliff habitats can help falcon populations recover in regions where suitable nesting sites have disappeared.",
    "zh": "在适宜巢址已经消失的地区，保护悬崖栖息地有助于隼的种群恢复。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "peregrine falcon｜游隼",
   "falcon nest｜隼巢",
   "falcon population｜隼的种群"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "falconry (n.)",
   "falconer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "falcon指隼，不宜与泛指鹰的hawk完全等同。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "falcon"
 },
 {
  "w": "boycott",
  "uk": "/ˈbɔɪkɒt/",
  "us": "/ˈbɔɪkɑːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抵制购买；拒绝参加",
    "en": "Refuse to buy or participate in something as a protest."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抵制行动",
    "en": "An organized refusal to buy or participate as a protest."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Local shoppers decided to boycott the store over unfair wages.",
    "zh": "当地购物者因工资待遇不公而决定抵制这家商店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A consumer boycott can pressure companies to improve working conditions throughout their international supply chains.",
    "zh": "消费者抵制行动能向企业施压，促使其改善整个国际供应链中的工作条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "boycott a product｜抵制某产品",
   "consumer boycott｜消费者抵制",
   "call for a boycott｜呼吁抵制",
   "boycott an event｜拒绝参加活动"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词后直接接抵制对象；名词常用a boycott of。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "boycott"
 },
 {
  "w": "equitable",
  "uk": "/ˈekwɪtəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈekwɪtəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "公平合理的；公正的",
    "en": "fair to everyone involved, taking their different circumstances into account"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We agreed on an equitable division of household chores.",
    "zh": "我们商定了公平合理的家务分工。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An equitable funding system would direct more resources towards schools serving disadvantaged communities.",
    "zh": "公平合理的拨款制度会将更多资源投向服务弱势社区的学校。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "equitable distribution｜公平分配",
   "equitable access｜公平的获取机会",
   "equitable treatment｜公正待遇"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "equitably (adv.)",
   "equity (n.)",
   "inequitable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fair",
   "just"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inequitable",
   "unfair"
  ],
  "tip": "equitable强调按情况公平，不一定是equal的均等。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "equitable"
 },
 {
  "w": "petite",
  "uk": "/pəˈtiːt/",
  "us": "/pəˈtiːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "娇小的；小个子的",
    "en": "describing a woman who is short and has a small build"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "适合小个子女性的",
    "en": "describing clothes designed to fit shorter women"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister is petite and often needs shorter trousers.",
    "zh": "我姐姐身材娇小，经常需要裤腿较短的裤子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clothing retailers can serve a wider range of customers by offering petite sizes alongside their standard collections.",
    "zh": "服装零售商可以在标准系列之外提供小个子尺码，以满足更多顾客的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "petite woman｜娇小的女性",
   "petite frame｜娇小的身形",
   "petite sizes｜小个子女装尺码"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常形容成年女性娇小，不等于单纯“瘦”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "petite"
 },
 {
  "w": "iconic",
  "uk": "/aɪˈkɒnɪk/",
  "us": "/aɪˈkɑːnɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "标志性的；有代表性的",
    "en": "widely recognised as representing a place, style, or idea"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stopped to photograph the city's iconic stone bridge.",
    "zh": "我们停下来拍摄这座城市标志性的石桥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving iconic buildings can strengthen cultural identity, although maintenance costs may place pressure on public budgets.",
    "zh": "保护标志性建筑可以增强文化认同，但维护费用可能给公共预算带来压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "iconic landmark｜标志性地标",
   "iconic design｜经典设计",
   "iconic image｜标志性形象"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "icon (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "emblematic"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不只是“著名”，还强调鲜明的代表性和辨识度。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "iconic"
 },
 {
  "w": "catalyst",
  "uk": "/ˈkætəlɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈkætəlɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "促成变化的人或事",
    "en": "A person or thing that triggers or accelerates change."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "催化剂",
    "en": "A substance that speeds up a reaction without being consumed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That conversation became the catalyst for our neighbourhood cleanup.",
    "zh": "那次谈话促成了我们社区的清洁行动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in public transport can act as a catalyst for wider economic growth in disadvantaged regions.",
    "zh": "公共交通投资可以推动欠发达地区更广泛的经济增长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a catalyst for change｜变革的推动因素",
   "act as a catalyst｜起推动作用",
   "a chemical catalyst｜化学催化剂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "catalytic (adj.)",
   "catalyse (v.)",
   "catalysis (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "trigger"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比喻推动变化时常用a catalyst for。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "catalyst"
 },
 {
  "w": "kernel",
  "uk": "/ˈkɜːnəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkɝːnəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "果仁；谷粒",
    "en": "The edible inner part of a nut, or a grain seed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "核心；要点",
    "en": "The central or most important part of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "操作系统内核",
    "en": "The central software component that manages a computer's basic operations."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She cracked the walnut and carefully removed the kernel.",
    "zh": "她敲开核桃，小心地取出果仁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even exaggerated media reports may contain a kernel of truth that deserves further investigation by independent researchers.",
    "zh": "即使是夸大的媒体报道，也可能包含值得独立研究者进一步调查的些许事实。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "corn kernel｜玉米粒",
   "walnut kernel｜核桃仁",
   "a kernel of truth｜些许事实",
   "operating system kernel｜操作系统内核"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "kernel指壳内的仁或谷粒，不是桃子等的硬核。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "kernel"
 },
 {
  "w": "synopsis",
  "uk": "/sɪˈnɒpsɪs/",
  "us": "/sɪˈnɑːpsɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "梗概；概要",
    "en": "A short account of the main points of a work."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I read the synopsis before borrowing the novel.",
    "zh": "借这本小说之前，我先看了故事梗概。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should provide a brief synopsis of their proposed research before discussing the methods they intend to use.",
    "zh": "学生在讨论拟采用的方法之前，应先简要概述计划开展的研究。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a brief synopsis｜简短概要",
   "a plot synopsis｜情节梗概",
   "a synopsis of the report｜报告概要"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "synoptic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "summary",
   "outline",
   "overview"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为synopses；常用a synopsis of表示某作品的梗概。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "synopsis"
 },
 {
  "w": "suppression",
  "uk": "/səˈpreʃən/",
  "us": "/səˈpreʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "镇压；压制",
    "en": "The forceful prevention of an activity or expression."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "隐瞒；封锁",
    "en": "The deliberate prevention of information from becoming known."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "抑制；控制",
    "en": "The reduction or control of a reaction or process."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His suppression of laughter failed when the puppy sneezed.",
    "zh": "小狗一打喷嚏，他就再也忍不住笑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The suppression of public debate can weaken trust in institutions and prevent communities from addressing serious problems.",
    "zh": "压制公共讨论会削弱人们对机构的信任，并妨碍社区解决严重问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "suppression of dissent｜压制异议",
   "suppression of evidence｜隐瞒证据",
   "immune suppression｜免疫抑制"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "suppress (v.)",
   "suppressive (adj.)",
   "suppressant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；动词为suppress，注意双写pp和ss。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "suppression"
 },
 {
  "w": "revival",
  "uk": "/rɪˈvaɪvəl/",
  "us": "/rɪˈvaɪvəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "复苏；重新流行",
    "en": "a return to activity, strength, or popularity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "戏剧等的重新上演",
    "en": "a new production of a play or other older performance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our local market is enjoying a revival this spring.",
    "zh": "今年春天，我们当地的市场又热闹起来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A revival of traditional crafts can create employment while preserving skills that might otherwise disappear.",
    "zh": "传统手工艺的复兴既能创造就业，也能保留原本可能失传的技艺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "economic revival｜经济复苏",
   "a revival of interest｜兴趣的重新燃起",
   "stage a revival｜重新上演"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "revive (v.)",
   "revived (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "resurgence",
   "renewal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "decline"
  ],
  "tip": "revival强调衰退或沉寂后重新活跃。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "revival"
 },
 {
  "w": "abound",
  "uk": "/əˈbaʊnd/",
  "us": "/əˈbaʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "大量存在；充满",
    "en": "To exist in large quantities or be very common"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Wildflowers abound in the fields behind our house each spring.",
    "zh": "每年春天，我们屋后的田野里都开满野花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Opportunities for renewable energy development abound in regions with consistent sunshine and strong coastal winds.",
    "zh": "在日照稳定且沿海风力强劲的地区，可再生能源的发展机会十分丰富。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "opportunities abound｜机会众多",
   "rumours abound｜传言四起",
   "abound in wildlife｜野生动物丰富"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "proliferate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不及物动词；某地充满某物用abound in/with。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "abound"
 },
 {
  "w": "ponder",
  "uk": "/ˈpɒndə/",
  "us": "/ˈpɑːndər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "仔细考虑；沉思",
    "en": "to think carefully about something for some time"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She pondered the menu before ordering vegetable soup.",
    "zh": "她仔细看了看菜单，才点了蔬菜汤。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policymakers must ponder the long-term consequences of replacing public transport services with privately operated alternatives.",
    "zh": "政策制定者必须仔细考虑用私营服务取代公共交通服务的长期后果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ponder a question｜认真思考问题",
   "ponder the implications｜仔细考虑可能的影响",
   "ponder over something｜反复思量某事"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "consider",
   "contemplate",
   "reflect"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可直接接宾语，也可用ponder on/over。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ponder"
 },
 {
  "w": "destine",
  "uk": "/ˈdestɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈdestɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "注定；预定",
    "en": "to determine someone's future or something's intended purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone thought the talented young dancer was destined for success.",
    "zh": "大家都觉得这位有天赋的年轻舞者注定会成功。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children from disadvantaged backgrounds are not destined to fail if they receive appropriate educational support and opportunities.",
    "zh": "如果获得适当的教育支持和机会，弱势背景的儿童并非注定会失败。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be destined to do｜注定会做",
   "be destined for success｜注定成功",
   "goods destined for export｜预定出口的货物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "destined (adj.)",
   "destiny (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "几乎总用被动：be destined for或to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "destine"
 },
 {
  "w": "surpass",
  "uk": "/səˈpɑːs/",
  "us": "/sɚˈpæs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "超过；胜过",
    "en": "to be greater or better than someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your homemade cakes surpass anything sold at our local bakery.",
    "zh": "你自制的蛋糕比我们附近面包店卖的任何蛋糕都好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Demand for renewable energy may surpass current forecasts as governments introduce stronger measures to reduce carbon emissions.",
    "zh": "随着各国政府采取更有力的减碳措施，可再生能源需求可能超过目前的预测。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "surpass expectations｜超出预期",
   "surpass a record｜打破纪录",
   "surpass previous levels｜超过以往水平"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "exceed",
   "outdo"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接宾语，不加than。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "surpass"
 },
 {
  "w": "mount",
  "uk": "/maʊnt/",
  "us": "/maʊnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逐渐增加；加剧",
    "en": "To increase gradually in amount, strength, or seriousness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "安装；固定",
    "en": "To attach something firmly to a surface or support."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "组织开展；发起",
    "en": "To organize and begin an activity, campaign, or event."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dirty dishes mounted up while our dishwasher was broken.",
    "zh": "洗碗机坏了，脏碗碟越积越多。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As pressure mounts to reduce emissions, governments must expand renewable energy production and improve energy efficiency.",
    "zh": "随着减排压力不断增加，各国政府必须扩大可再生能源生产并提高能源效率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mounting pressure｜不断增加的压力",
   "mount a campaign｜发起运动",
   "mount on a wall｜安装在墙上"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mounting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mount可指压力等上升；mount a campaign指发起运动。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mount"
 },
 {
  "w": "utilize",
  "uk": "/ˈjuːtəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈjuːtəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "利用；使用",
    "en": "To use something effectively for a particular purpose."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We utilize the space under our stairs for storage.",
    "zh": "我们利用楼梯下的空间储物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can utilize existing buildings more efficiently by sharing facilities with local communities after lessons.",
    "zh": "学校可以在课后与当地社区共享设施，从而更高效地利用现有建筑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "utilize resources｜利用资源",
   "fully utilize｜充分利用",
   "utilize available space｜利用现有空间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "utilization (n.)",
   "utilizable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "use",
   "employ"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比use正式；英式也常拼作utilise。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "utilize"
 },
 {
  "w": "transistor",
  "uk": "/trænˈzɪstə/",
  "us": "/trænˈzɪstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "晶体管",
    "en": "An electronic component that amplifies signals or switches electrical current."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She carefully replaced the damaged transistor inside the old radio.",
    "zh": "她小心地更换了旧收音机里损坏的晶体管。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The development of smaller transistors has enabled computers to process information faster while consuming less power.",
    "zh": "更小型晶体管的研发让计算机能够更快地处理信息，同时减少耗电。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "transistor radio｜晶体管收音机",
   "silicon transistor｜硅晶体管",
   "transistor circuit｜晶体管电路"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指电子元件；transistor radio才是晶体管收音机。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transistor"
 },
 {
  "w": "exquisite",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈskwɪzɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈskwɪzɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "精美的；精致的",
    "en": "Extremely beautiful and carefully made."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极强烈的；极敏锐的",
    "en": "Describing a feeling or sensitivity of unusual intensity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She keeps an exquisite porcelain bowl on the shelf.",
    "zh": "她把一只精美的瓷碗放在架子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museums preserve exquisite examples of traditional craftsmanship, allowing future generations to appreciate their cultural and artistic value.",
    "zh": "博物馆保存传统工艺的精美作品，让后代能够欣赏其文化与艺术价值。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exquisite craftsmanship｜精湛工艺",
   "exquisite beauty｜精美绝伦",
   "exquisite detail｜精细的细节",
   "exquisite pain｜剧痛"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exquisitely (adv.)",
   "exquisiteness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "beautiful",
   "delicate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常形容精美工艺；修饰pain时表示极其强烈。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exquisite"
 },
 {
  "w": "embankment",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈbæŋkmənt/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈbæŋkmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "堤岸；路堤",
    "en": "a raised bank supporting transport routes or holding back water"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We walked along the embankment beside the swollen river.",
    "zh": "我们沿着涨水的河流旁的堤岸散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strengthening the river embankment could protect nearby homes from flooding as extreme rainfall becomes more frequent.",
    "zh": "随着极端降雨日益频繁，加固河堤可以保护附近住宅免受洪水侵袭。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "river embankment｜河堤",
   "railway embankment｜铁路路堤",
   "build an embankment｜修筑堤岸"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "embank (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bank",
   "levee"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指挡水的堤岸，也可指承托公路或铁路的路堤。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "embankment"
 },
 {
  "w": "incompatible",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnkəmˈpætəbl/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnkəmˈpætəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不兼容的；不相容的",
    "en": "unable to work or exist together successfully"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "合不来的",
    "en": "too different in character to have a good relationship"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These headphones are incompatible with my old phone.",
    "zh": "这副耳机与我的旧手机不兼容。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid industrial expansion is often incompatible with efforts to protect fragile ecosystems without effective regulation.",
    "zh": "如果缺乏有效监管，工业快速扩张往往与保护脆弱生态系统的努力相冲突。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "incompatible with｜与……不相容",
   "mutually incompatible｜彼此不相容",
   "incompatible goals｜相互冲突的目标"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compatible (adj.)",
   "compatibility (n.)",
   "incompatibility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "conflicting"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "compatible"
  ],
  "tip": "固定搭配为incompatible with，不用incompatible to。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "incompatible"
 },
 {
  "w": "refined",
  "uk": "/rɪˈfaɪnd/",
  "us": "/rɪˈfaɪnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "精炼的；提纯的",
    "en": "Processed to remove unwanted substances."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "文雅的；有教养的",
    "en": "Showing polite manners, good taste, and cultural awareness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "改进的；更精细的",
    "en": "Improved through careful changes to details."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This recipe uses honey instead of refined white sugar.",
    "zh": "这道食谱用蜂蜜代替精制白糖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns often encourage people to reduce their consumption of foods containing large amounts of refined sugar.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传常鼓励人们少吃含有大量精制糖的食品。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "refined sugar｜精制糖",
   "refined oil｜精炼油",
   "refined manners｜文雅的举止",
   "a refined technique｜改进的技术"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "refine (v.)",
   "refinement (n.)",
   "refinery (n.)",
   "unrefined (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "purified",
   "cultured"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unrefined",
   "crude"
  ],
  "tip": "形容物质指提纯，形容人或举止指文雅。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "refined"
 },
 {
  "w": "senate",
  "uk": "/ˈsenət/",
  "us": "/ˈsenət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "参议院；上议院",
    "en": "The upper chamber of parliament in some countries"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "古罗马元老院",
    "en": "The governing council of ancient Rome"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our class watched the senate debate on television today.",
    "zh": "今天我们班在电视上观看了参议院的辩论。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In some political systems, the senate reviews proposed laws and represents regional interests within the national government.",
    "zh": "在某些政治制度中，参议院审查法律提案，并在国家政府中代表地区利益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "senate election｜参议院选举",
   "senate committee｜参议院委员会",
   "senate debate｜参议院辩论",
   "a seat in the senate｜参议院席位"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "senator (n.)",
   "senatorial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指特定国家的参议院时，通常写作the Senate。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "senate"
 },
 {
  "w": "coherent",
  "uk": "/kəʊˈhɪərənt/",
  "us": "/koʊˈhɪrənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "连贯的；条理清楚的",
    "en": "Logical and clear, with parts that fit together well."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After some practice, he gave a clear, coherent explanation.",
    "zh": "经过一些练习，他给出了清晰而有条理的解释。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A coherent transport policy should connect investment in public services with long-term environmental and economic goals.",
    "zh": "一项协调一致的交通政策应将公共服务投资与长期环境和经济目标联系起来。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a coherent argument｜条理清楚的论证",
   "a coherent explanation｜连贯清晰的解释",
   "a coherent strategy｜协调一致的策略"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coherence (n.)",
   "coherently (adv.)",
   "incoherent (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "logical",
   "consistent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "incoherent"
  ],
  "tip": "强调内容逻辑连贯；cohesive更强调各部分衔接紧密。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coherent"
 },
 {
  "w": "rectify",
  "uk": "/ˈrektɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈrektɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "纠正；改正",
    "en": "Correct something that is wrong or unsatisfactory."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop quickly rectified the mistake and refunded me.",
    "zh": "商店很快纠正了错误，并给我退款。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities must rectify weaknesses in drainage systems before increasingly heavy rainfall causes further damage.",
    "zh": "地方政府必须在日益强烈的降雨造成更多损害之前，纠正排水系统中的缺陷。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rectify an error｜纠正错误",
   "rectify a problem｜解决问题",
   "rectify the situation｜纠正局面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rectification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "correct",
   "remedy",
   "put right"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用词，常接error、mistake、situation。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rectify"
 },
 {
  "w": "above-mentioned",
  "uk": "/əˌbʌv ˈmenʃənd/",
  "us": "/əˌbʌv ˈmenʃənd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "上述的；前面提到的",
    "en": "Already referred to earlier in a piece of writing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please bring the above-mentioned documents to our next meeting.",
    "zh": "请把上述文件带到我们的下次会议上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The above-mentioned measures could reduce urban air pollution if local authorities provide sufficient funding and oversight.",
    "zh": "如果地方政府提供足够的资金和监管，上述措施就可能减少城市空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "above-mentioned documents｜上述文件",
   "above-mentioned measures｜上述措施",
   "above-mentioned factors｜上述因素"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mention (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "aforementioned"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式书面语，常置于名词前；写作中勿滥用。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "above-mentioned"
 },
 {
  "w": "queer",
  "uk": "/kwɪə/",
  "us": "/kwɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "奇怪的；反常的",
    "en": "strange or unusual, in an old-fashioned use"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "酷儿的；非异性恋等的",
    "en": "describing sexual or gender identities outside heterosexual or conventional categories"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There was a queer rattling sound inside the cupboard.",
    "zh": "橱柜里传来一阵奇怪的咔嗒声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museums increasingly include queer perspectives to reflect a broader range of experiences in their exhibitions.",
    "zh": "博物馆越来越多地纳入酷儿视角，以在展览中呈现更广泛的人生经历。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a queer feeling｜异样的感觉",
   "a queer sound｜奇怪的声音",
   "queer identity｜酷儿身份认同"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "queerness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "“奇怪的”义较旧；身份义宜尊重当事人自称。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "用于性或性别身份时，有人自称酷儿，也有人认为此词冒犯。",
  "id": "queer"
 },
 {
  "w": "nautical",
  "uk": "/ˈnɔːtɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈnɔːtɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "航海的；船舶的",
    "en": "Relating to ships, sailing, or navigation at sea"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle collects old nautical maps and wooden boats.",
    "zh": "我叔叔收藏旧海图和木制小船。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern nautical equipment helps crews navigate safely, but practical training remains essential for preventing accidents at sea.",
    "zh": "现代航海设备帮助船员安全航行，但实践培训对于预防海上事故仍然至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nautical mile｜海里",
   "nautical chart｜海图",
   "nautical equipment｜航海设备",
   "nautical theme｜航海主题"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "maritime"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "nautical侧重航海和船舶；naval专指海军的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nautical"
 },
 {
  "w": "disclose",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈkləʊz/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈkloʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "透露；公开",
    "en": "to make previously private or unknown information available"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hotel would not disclose any details about its guests.",
    "zh": "这家酒店不愿透露住客的任何信息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies should disclose how they collect personal data so that consumers can make informed decisions.",
    "zh": "企业应公开其收集个人数据的方式，让消费者能够作出知情决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disclose information｜透露信息",
   "disclose details｜披露细节",
   "disclose something to someone｜向某人透露某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disclosure (n.)",
   "undisclosed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reveal",
   "divulge"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "conceal",
   "withhold"
  ],
  "tip": "用disclose sth to sb；也可接that从句。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disclose"
 },
 {
  "w": "exasperation",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˌzɑːspəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˌzæspəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "恼怒；忍无可忍",
    "en": "strong annoyance caused by repeated problems or irritating behaviour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sighed in exasperation when the printer jammed again.",
    "zh": "打印机又卡纸了，她恼火地叹了口气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Repeated delays in public transport can cause widespread exasperation and reduce confidence in local authorities.",
    "zh": "公共交通反复延误会引发普遍的不满，并削弱公众对地方政府的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in exasperation｜恼怒地",
   "a sigh of exasperation｜恼火的叹息",
   "growing exasperation｜日益加剧的恼怒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exasperate (v.)",
   "exasperated (adj.)",
   "exasperating (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "frustration",
   "irritation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示烦到失去耐心；勿与加剧混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exasperation"
 },
 {
  "w": "discord",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪskɔːd/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪskɔːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不和；纷争",
    "en": "Disagreement or conflict between people or groups."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不和谐音",
    "en": "A combination of musical sounds that clash unpleasantly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Arguments about chores caused discord among the flatmates.",
    "zh": "关于家务的争吵导致室友之间不和。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unequal access to resources can fuel social discord, particularly when communities feel excluded from political decisions.",
    "zh": "资源获取不平等会加剧社会纷争，尤其是在群体感到被排除在政治决策之外时。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "social discord｜社会不和",
   "sow discord｜挑拨离间",
   "a source of discord｜纷争的根源",
   "marital discord｜婚姻不和"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "discordant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "conflict",
   "disagreement",
   "disharmony"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "harmony",
   "agreement"
  ],
  "tip": "表示不和时通常不可数，语气比disagreement正式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "discord"
 },
 {
  "w": "inclusive",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkluːsɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈkluːsɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "包容的；兼收并蓄的",
    "en": "welcoming people of different backgrounds and abilities"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "包含全部费用的",
    "en": "including all relevant costs"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "包括首尾在内的",
    "en": "including both the first and last points of a range"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our inclusive dance class welcomes people of all abilities.",
    "zh": "我们的舞蹈课注重包容，欢迎各种能力水平的人参加。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should create inclusive learning environments where students with different needs can participate fully in classroom activities.",
    "zh": "学校应营造包容的学习环境，让需求不同的学生都能充分参与课堂活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inclusive education｜融合教育",
   "an inclusive society｜包容的社会",
   "inclusive of tax｜含税",
   "an inclusive price｜全包价格"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "include (v.)",
   "inclusion (n.)",
   "inclusiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "exclusive"
  ],
  "tip": "inclusive of表示“包含”；日期范围后用它表示首尾均含。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inclusive"
 },
 {
  "w": "happening",
  "uk": "/ˈhæpənɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈhæpənɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "事件；发生的事",
    "en": "Something that occurs, especially an unusual or interesting event."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle entertains us with stories of strange happenings.",
    "zh": "叔叔给我们讲各种怪事，逗我们开心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local newspapers record everyday happenings that help future researchers understand how communities lived and changed.",
    "zh": "地方报纸记录日常事件，帮助后来的研究者了解社区居民的生活及其变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strange happenings｜怪事",
   "local happenings｜当地发生的事",
   "everyday happenings｜日常发生的事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "happen (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "event",
   "occurrence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词常用复数happenings；正式事件通常用event。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "happening"
 },
 {
  "w": "gush",
  "uk": "/ɡʌʃ/",
  "us": "/ɡʌʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "喷涌；涌出",
    "en": "To flow out suddenly in large amounts."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "热情洋溢地说",
    "en": "To express enthusiasm or praise in an excessive way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喷涌；涌流",
    "en": "A sudden, strong flow of liquid."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Water gushed from the broken pipe beneath the sink.",
    "zh": "水从水槽下方破裂的管道里喷涌而出。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When ageing pipes burst, clean water can gush into streets, wasting resources and disrupting local transport.",
    "zh": "老化的管道爆裂时，清水会涌上街道，浪费资源并扰乱当地交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gush out｜喷涌而出",
   "gush from a pipe｜从管道中喷出",
   "gush about something｜对某事赞不绝口",
   "a gush of water｜一股涌出的水"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gushing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "spurt",
   "pour"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "trickle"
  ],
  "tip": "谈论人时，gush about常暗示赞美过于热情。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gush"
 },
 {
  "w": "feudal",
  "uk": "/ˈfjuːdl/",
  "us": "/ˈfjuːdl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "封建的；封建制度的",
    "en": "Relating to a system exchanging land for service and loyalty."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The guide explained how feudal lords controlled this valley.",
    "zh": "导游讲解了封建领主如何控制这片山谷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Under the feudal system, access to land largely determined a person's social position and economic security.",
    "zh": "在封建制度下，土地的获取在很大程度上决定了个人的社会地位和经济保障。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the feudal system｜封建制度",
   "a feudal lord｜封建领主",
   "feudal society｜封建社会"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "feudalism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要描述土地换取效忠与服役的历史制度。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "feudal"
 },
 {
  "w": "prose",
  "uk": "/prəʊz/",
  "us": "/proʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "散文；非韵文",
    "en": "Ordinary written language, rather than poetry"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her clear prose makes this book easy to enjoy.",
    "zh": "她清晰流畅的文笔让这本书读起来轻松愉快。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reading well-crafted prose can help students develop a wider vocabulary and express complex ideas more clearly.",
    "zh": "阅读精心写就的散文可以帮助学生扩大词汇量，更清晰地表达复杂观点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in prose｜以散文形式",
   "clear prose｜清晰的行文",
   "prose fiction｜散文体小说",
   "a prose poem｜散文诗"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "verse"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数；不限于文学散文，也包括小说等非韵文。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prose"
 },
 {
  "w": "streamline",
  "uk": "/ˈstriːmlaɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈstriːmlaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "精简；提高效率",
    "en": "to make a process simpler and more efficient"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使成流线型",
    "en": "to shape something to move easily through air or water"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We streamlined our morning routine to leave home earlier.",
    "zh": "我们简化了早晨的日常安排，以便早点出门。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hospitals can streamline appointment systems to reduce waiting times and improve access to essential care.",
    "zh": "医院可以优化预约系统，缩短等待时间，让人们更容易获得必要的医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "streamline operations｜精简运营流程",
   "streamline a process｜简化流程",
   "streamline administration｜精简行政管理"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "streamlined (adj.)",
   "streamlining (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "simplify"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常作动词；“流线型的”用 streamlined。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "streamline"
 },
 {
  "w": "facet",
  "uk": "/ˈfæsɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈfæsɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方面；侧面",
    "en": "One part or aspect of a complex subject."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宝石等的切面",
    "en": "A small flat surface on a cut stone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cooking together revealed a new facet of her personality.",
    "zh": "一起做饭展现了她性格中新的一面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport affects almost every facet of urban life, from employment opportunities to air quality.",
    "zh": "公共交通几乎影响城市生活的每个方面，从就业机会到空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a facet of life｜生活的一个方面",
   "every facet｜每个方面",
   "a different facet｜不同的侧面"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "faceted (adj.)",
   "multifaceted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "aspect",
   "dimension"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用 a facet of，指复杂事物的一个方面。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "facet"
 },
 {
  "w": "ramble",
  "uk": "/ˈræmbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈræmbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "漫步；闲逛",
    "en": "to walk for pleasure without following a fixed route"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "漫无边际地说",
    "en": "to talk at length without a clear focus"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "漫步；乡间散步",
    "en": "a long walk for pleasure, especially in the countryside"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We rambled through the woods until it started raining.",
    "zh": "我们在树林里漫步，直到下起雨来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Speakers who ramble during presentations may struggle to communicate their main arguments clearly to an audience.",
    "zh": "演讲时漫无边际的人可能难以向听众清晰传达自己的主要论点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ramble through the countryside｜在乡间漫步",
   "ramble on about something｜絮絮叨叨地说某事",
   "go for a ramble｜去散步"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rambler (n.)",
   "rambling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wander"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ramble on 常指说话冗长散漫，带不耐烦语气。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ramble"
 },
 {
  "w": "velocity",
  "uk": "/vəˈlɒsəti/",
  "us": "/vəˈlɑːsəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "速度；速率",
    "en": "Speed of movement, including direction in physics."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The ball gained velocity as it rolled downhill.",
    "zh": "球向坡下滚动时速度越来越快。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers measure the velocity of flowing water to determine whether a site is suitable for generating electricity.",
    "zh": "工程师测量水流速度，以判断某处是否适合发电。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "high velocity｜高速",
   "constant velocity｜恒定速度",
   "terminal velocity｜终端速度"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "speed"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "物理中velocity含方向，speed只表示快慢。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "velocity"
 },
 {
  "w": "intrinsic",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtrɪnzɪk/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtrɪnzɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "固有的；内在的",
    "en": "Belonging naturally to something, rather than coming from outside"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She values the intrinsic beauty of untreated wood.",
    "zh": "她欣赏未经加工的木材本身的美。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should encourage intrinsic motivation by helping students enjoy learning rather than focusing solely on external rewards.",
    "zh": "学校应帮助学生享受学习，培养内在动力，而不是只关注外部奖励。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "intrinsic value｜内在价值",
   "intrinsic motivation｜内在动力",
   "intrinsic to｜为……所固有"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intrinsically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inherent",
   "inbuilt"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "extrinsic"
  ],
  "tip": "intrinsic to表示“……所固有的”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intrinsic"
 },
 {
  "w": "extinguish",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "熄灭；扑灭",
    "en": "to stop a fire or flame from burning"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使希望等破灭；消除",
    "en": "to bring a feeling, hope, or idea to an end"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We extinguished the campfire before getting into our tents.",
    "zh": "我们在进入帐篷前扑灭了篝火。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged unemployment can extinguish young people's hopes of achieving financial independence and securing stable housing.",
    "zh": "长期失业可能使年轻人实现经济独立和获得稳定住房的希望破灭。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "extinguish a fire｜扑灭火灾",
   "extinguish a flame｜熄灭火焰",
   "extinguish hope｜使希望破灭"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "extinguisher (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "put out"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "ignite",
   "light"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词；日常说扑灭也可用put out。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "extinguish"
 },
 {
  "w": "dwindle",
  "uk": "/ˈdwɪndəl/",
  "us": "/ˈdwɪndəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逐渐减少；逐渐缩小",
    "en": "Gradually become smaller in amount, size, or number."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our savings dwindled while we searched for new jobs.",
    "zh": "我们找新工作期间，积蓄逐渐减少了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As freshwater supplies dwindle, governments must invest in efficient irrigation and encourage households to reduce unnecessary consumption.",
    "zh": "随着淡水供应逐渐减少，政府必须投资高效灌溉，并鼓励家庭减少不必要的用水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dwindling resources｜日益减少的资源",
   "dwindling numbers｜不断减少的数量",
   "dwindle to nothing｜逐渐减至零"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "decrease",
   "diminish",
   "shrink"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "increase",
   "grow"
  ],
  "tip": "不及物动词，强调逐渐减少，不能直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dwindle"
 },
 {
  "w": "piston",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪstən/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪstən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "活塞",
    "en": "a part that moves inside a cylinder in engines or pumps"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic removed a damaged piston from the engine.",
    "zh": "机修工从发动机中拆下了一个损坏的活塞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In a conventional engine, expanding gases push each piston, converting energy from fuel into mechanical motion.",
    "zh": "在传统发动机中，膨胀的气体推动每个活塞，将燃料的能量转化为机械运动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "piston ring｜活塞环",
   "piston engine｜活塞发动机",
   "piston rod｜活塞杆"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "活塞在 cylinder（气缸）内往复运动。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "piston"
 },
 {
  "w": "invariably",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈveəriəbli/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈveriəbli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "总是；始终如一地",
    "en": "Always, or on every occasion."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother invariably falls asleep during long train journeys.",
    "zh": "我哥哥每次坐长途火车都会睡着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In this study, participants with longer commuting times invariably reported having less time for leisure activities.",
    "zh": "在这项研究中，通勤时间较长的参与者无一例外都表示，自己的休闲时间较少。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "almost invariably｜几乎总是",
   "invariably lead to｜总是导致",
   "invariably find｜总会发现"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "invariable (adj.)",
   "variable (adj.)",
   "variation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "always",
   "consistently"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "never"
  ],
  "tip": "比usually语气更强，表示每次如此，而非通常如此。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "invariably"
 },
 {
  "w": "monopolize",
  "uk": "/məˈnɒpəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/məˈnɑːpəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "垄断",
    "en": "to control an entire market or supply of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "独占；包揽",
    "en": "to use something so much that others cannot share it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please don't monopolize the conversation throughout dinner tonight.",
    "zh": "今晚吃饭时请别一直只顾自己说话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When a few large firms monopolize essential services, consumers may face higher prices and fewer choices.",
    "zh": "当少数大公司垄断基本服务时，消费者可能面临更高的价格和更少的选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "monopolize the market｜垄断市场",
   "monopolize the conversation｜独占话语权",
   "monopolize someone's attention｜独占某人的注意力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "monopoly (n.)",
   "monopolist (n.)",
   "monopolistic (adj.)",
   "monopolization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dominate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也常拼作monopolise；可指市场或注意力。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "monopolize"
 },
 {
  "w": "mortal",
  "uk": "/ˈmɔːtəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɔːrtəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "终有一死的",
    "en": "unable to live forever"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "致命的",
    "en": "causing or likely to cause death"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "凡人；普通人",
    "en": "a human being who cannot live forever"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Even the strongest heroes in this story are mortal.",
    "zh": "这个故事里，即使最强大的英雄也终有一死。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recognising that we are mortal can encourage healthier habits and a greater appreciation of everyday life.",
    "zh": "认识到生命终有尽头，可以促使我们养成更健康的习惯，更加珍惜日常生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mortal wound｜致命伤",
   "mortal danger｜致命危险",
   "mere mortals｜普通凡人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mortality (n.)",
   "mortally (adv.)",
   "immortal (adj.)",
   "immortality (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "immortal"
  ],
  "tip": "mortal指凡人；死亡率用mortality，不用mortal。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mortal"
 },
 {
  "w": "resignation",
  "uk": "/ˌrezɪɡˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌrezɪɡˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "辞职；辞职信",
    "en": "The act or written notice of leaving a job voluntarily."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "无奈的接受；听任",
    "en": "Calm acceptance of something unpleasant that seems impossible to change."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She handed in her resignation after finding another job.",
    "zh": "她找到另一份工作后提交了辞职信。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The resignation of experienced nurses can place additional pressure on hospitals already struggling with staff shortages.",
    "zh": "经验丰富的护士辞职，会给本已面临人员短缺的医院带来额外压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hand in your resignation｜提交辞职信",
   "a letter of resignation｜辞职信",
   "accept a resignation｜接受辞呈",
   "with resignation｜无奈地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "resign (v.)",
   "resigned (adj.)",
   "resignedly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "辞职用resignation；另一义是无奈接受，不是反抗。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resignation"
 },
 {
  "w": "tactful",
  "uk": "/ˈtæktfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtæktfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "得体的；圆通的",
    "en": "Careful not to upset or offend people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her tactful reply saved everyone from an awkward argument.",
    "zh": "她得体的回答让大家避免了一场尴尬的争论。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Managers who provide tactful feedback can address performance problems while maintaining employees' confidence and motivation.",
    "zh": "管理者以得体的方式提供反馈，既能解决工作表现问题，也能维持员工的信心和积极性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tactful approach｜得体的处理方式",
   "tactful response｜得体的回应",
   "tactful criticism｜委婉的批评"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tact (n.)",
   "tactfully (adv.)",
   "tactless (adj.)",
   "tactfulness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "diplomatic",
   "considerate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "tactless",
   "insensitive"
  ],
  "tip": "强调顾及他人感受、言行得体，不是反应机敏。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tactful"
 },
 {
  "w": "ampere",
  "uk": "/ˈæmpeə/",
  "us": "/ˈæmpɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "安培（电流单位）",
    "en": "a unit used to measure electric current"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small lamp draws less than one ampere.",
    "zh": "这盏小灯的电流不到一安培。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students measured the current in amperes to compare the electrical requirements of different household appliances.",
    "zh": "学生们以安培为单位测量电流，以比较不同家用电器的用电需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "electric current in amperes｜以安培计的电流",
   "one ampere of current｜一安培电流"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "amp"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "符号为A；口语常缩为amp，复数加s。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ampere"
 },
 {
  "w": "amend",
  "uk": "/əˈmend/",
  "us": "/əˈmend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "修订；修改",
    "en": "To change a document, rule, or plan to improve it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please amend the booking to include one extra guest.",
    "zh": "请修改预订，增加一位客人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Parliament may amend existing legislation to ensure that remote workers receive the same protections as office employees.",
    "zh": "议会可能修订现行法律，确保远程工作者获得与办公室员工相同的保护。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "amend a law｜修订法律",
   "amend a proposal｜修改提案",
   "amend a contract｜修改合同"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "amendment (n.)",
   "amended (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "revise",
   "modify"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指修改文件或法律；修理实物通常用mend。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amend"
 },
 {
  "w": "peasant",
  "uk": "/ˈpezənt/",
  "us": "/ˈpezənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小农；佃农",
    "en": "a poor farmer working a small plot of land"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The painting shows a peasant carrying vegetables home.",
    "zh": "这幅画描绘了一位背着蔬菜回家的农民。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historically, peasant families often depended on a single harvest, making them particularly vulnerable to drought.",
    "zh": "历史上，小农家庭往往依赖一次收成，因此特别容易受到干旱的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "peasant farmer｜小农",
   "peasant family｜农民家庭",
   "peasant uprising｜农民起义"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "peasantry (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "多用于历史或传统农业语境；称呼他人可能带贬义。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "peasant"
 },
 {
  "w": "mandatory",
  "uk": "/ˈmændətəri/",
  "us": "/ˈmændətɔːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "强制性的；必须的",
    "en": "Required by a law or rule."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Wearing a helmet is mandatory at this climbing centre.",
    "zh": "在这家攀岩中心，必须佩戴头盔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Mandatory safety training can reduce workplace accidents by ensuring that all employees understand potential risks.",
    "zh": "强制性安全培训能确保所有员工了解潜在风险，从而减少工作场所事故。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mandatory training｜强制培训",
   "a mandatory requirement｜强制性要求",
   "mandatory attendance｜强制出席"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mandate (n.)",
   "mandate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "compulsory",
   "obligatory",
   "required"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "optional",
   "voluntary"
  ],
  "tip": "常用于法规或制度要求；反义词为optional。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mandatory"
 },
 {
  "w": "successor",
  "uk": "/səkˈsesə/",
  "us": "/səkˈsesər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "接任者；继任者",
    "en": "Someone who takes over another person's job or position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "后继事物；替代产品",
    "en": "Something that replaces an earlier thing of the same kind."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The retiring coach introduced her successor to the team.",
    "zh": "即将退休的教练向队员们介绍了她的接任者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A new leader should give their successor enough guidance to ensure that essential public services continue smoothly.",
    "zh": "新任领导者应为自己的接任者提供充分指导，确保基本公共服务平稳运行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "successor to｜……的接任者",
   "appoint a successor｜任命接班人",
   "choose a successor｜选择接任者",
   "likely successor｜可能的接班人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "succeed (v.)",
   "succession (n.)",
   "successive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "replacement"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "predecessor"
  ],
  "tip": "用successor to sb；不专指财产继承人。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "successor"
 },
 {
  "w": "spectrum",
  "uk": "/ˈspektrəm/",
  "us": "/ˈspektrəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "范围；系列",
    "en": "A range of related ideas, qualities, or possibilities"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "光谱；频谱",
    "en": "A range of colours or waves arranged by wavelength or frequency"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our book club welcomes a wide spectrum of opinions.",
    "zh": "我们的读书会欢迎各种不同的观点。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should provide support for students across the entire spectrum of academic abilities and social backgrounds.",
    "zh": "大学应为各种学业水平和社会背景的学生提供支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a broad spectrum of｜广泛的各种……",
   "across the spectrum｜涵盖整个范围",
   "the visible spectrum｜可见光谱",
   "the political spectrum｜政治光谱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spectral (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "range"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数可用spectra或spectrums。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spectrum"
 },
 {
  "w": "registrar",
  "uk": "/ˌredʒɪˈstrɑː/",
  "us": "/ˈredʒɪstrɑːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "登记员；注册主任",
    "en": "An official responsible for keeping formal records."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专科培训医师（英国）",
    "en": "A hospital doctor receiving advanced specialist training in Britain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The registrar checked our documents before the wedding ceremony.",
    "zh": "婚礼仪式开始前，登记员核查了我们的证件。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The university registrar oversees student records and ensures that graduation requirements are consistently applied.",
    "zh": "大学注册主任管理学生档案，并确保毕业要求得到一致执行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "university registrar｜大学注册主任",
   "registrar's office｜注册办公室",
   "specialist registrar｜专科培训医师"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "register (v.)",
   "registration (n.)",
   "registered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指登记官，也可指英国接受专科培训的医生。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "registrar"
 },
 {
  "w": "refuge",
  "uk": "/ˈrefjuːdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈrefjuːdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "庇护；避难",
    "en": "protection from danger, trouble, or bad weather"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "避难所；庇护处",
    "en": "a safe place offering protection from danger or difficulty"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We took refuge under a bridge during the storm.",
    "zh": "暴风雨期间，我们躲到桥下避雨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban parks provide a refuge for wildlife as expanding cities gradually replace natural habitats with buildings.",
    "zh": "随着城市扩张，建筑逐渐取代自然栖息地，城市公园为野生动物提供了庇护所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "take refuge｜躲避；寻求庇护",
   "seek refuge｜寻求庇护",
   "a refuge from｜躲避……的庇护处"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "refugee (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shelter",
   "sanctuary"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "take/seek refuge in表示“在……避难”；refuge通常作名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "refuge"
 },
 {
  "w": "gaudy",
  "uk": "/ˈɡɔːdi/",
  "us": "/ˈɡɔːdi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "俗艳的；花哨的",
    "en": "Too brightly coloured or heavily decorated to look attractive."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He wore a gaudy jacket covered in shiny sequins.",
    "zh": "他穿了一件缀满亮片的花哨夹克。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some residents argue that gaudy decorations in historic districts undermine the visual character of traditional buildings.",
    "zh": "一些居民认为，历史街区里俗艳的装饰破坏了传统建筑的视觉风貌。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gaudy colours｜俗艳的色彩",
   "gaudy decorations｜花哨的装饰",
   "gaudy jewellery｜俗艳的首饰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gaudily (adv.)",
   "gaudiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "garish",
   "showy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "understated",
   "tasteful"
  ],
  "tip": "含贬义，指颜色或装饰过分抢眼，不只是鲜艳。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gaudy"
 },
 {
  "w": "prolific",
  "uk": "/prəˈlɪfɪk/",
  "us": "/prəˈlɪfɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多产的；成果丰硕的",
    "en": "Producing many works, results or achievements."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "繁殖旺盛的",
    "en": "Producing many young, flowers, fruits or seeds."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt is a prolific painter with two studios.",
    "zh": "我姑姑是位多产的画家，拥有两间画室。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolific researchers can contribute substantially to scientific progress, but publication quantity should not outweigh quality.",
    "zh": "成果丰硕的研究者能大力推动科学进步，但发表数量不应比质量更受重视。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a prolific writer｜多产作家",
   "a prolific artist｜多产艺术家",
   "a prolific goalscorer｜高产射手",
   "a prolific breeder｜繁殖力强的动物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prolifically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "productive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unproductive"
  ],
  "tip": "强调产出多，不等于作品质量一定高。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prolific"
 },
 {
  "w": "meadow",
  "uk": "/ˈmedəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈmedoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "草地；牧草地",
    "en": "a field of grass, often containing wildflowers"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We spread our picnic blanket in a sunny meadow.",
    "zh": "我们在阳光明媚的草地上铺开了野餐毯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting wildflower meadows helps maintain biodiversity by providing food and shelter for insects and birds.",
    "zh": "保护野花草地能为昆虫和鸟类提供食物与栖息地，从而有助于维持生物多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wildflower meadow｜野花草地",
   "hay meadow｜干草生产草地",
   "alpine meadow｜高山草甸"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "grassland"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "meadow多指乡间草地，不是修剪整齐的lawn。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meadow"
 },
 {
  "w": "loom",
  "uk": "/luːm/",
  "us": "/luːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赫然耸现；隐约出现",
    "en": "Appear as a large, often threatening or unclear shape."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逼近；即将发生",
    "en": "Seem likely to happen soon, causing worry."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "织布机",
    "en": "A machine or frame used to weave cloth."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A huge ship loomed out of the morning fog.",
    "zh": "一艘巨轮从晨雾中隐约显现。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As water shortages loom, governments must invest in efficient irrigation and encourage households to reduce unnecessary consumption.",
    "zh": "随着缺水危机逼近，政府必须投资高效灌溉，并鼓励家庭减少不必要的用水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "loom over｜赫然耸立于……之上",
   "loom large｜显得突出而令人担忧",
   "weaving loom｜织布机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "looming (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常带压迫或担忧感；loom large指问题突出。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "loom"
 },
 {
  "w": "supersonic",
  "uk": "/ˌsuːpəˈsɒnɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌsuːpɚˈsɑːnɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "超音速的",
    "en": "Travelling faster than sound, or involving such speeds."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We heard a loud boom as the supersonic aircraft passed.",
    "zh": "超音速飞机飞过时，我们听到了一声巨响。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Supersonic passenger aircraft could shorten international journeys, but their noise and fuel consumption remain major concerns.",
    "zh": "超音速客机可以缩短国际旅程，但其噪声和燃油消耗仍是主要问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "supersonic speed｜超音速",
   "supersonic aircraft｜超音速飞机",
   "supersonic flight｜超音速飞行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sonic (adj.)",
   "subsonic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "subsonic"
  ],
  "tip": "指速度超过声速；“超声波的”通常用ultrasonic。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "supersonic"
 },
 {
  "w": "liability",
  "uk": "/ˌlaɪəˈbɪləti/",
  "us": "/ˌlaɪəˈbɪləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "法律责任",
    "en": "Legal responsibility for something, especially damage or loss."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "负债；债务",
    "en": "Money owed by a person or organisation."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "累赘；不利因素",
    "en": "Someone or something that creates problems or disadvantages."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our insurance covers liability for damage to neighbouring homes.",
    "zh": "我们的保险承保对邻居住宅造成损坏所需承担的责任。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear rules on legal liability encourage companies to take greater responsibility for the safety of their products.",
    "zh": "明确的法律责任规定能促使企业更加重视其产品的安全性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "legal liability｜法律责任",
   "accept liability｜承担责任",
   "limited liability｜有限责任",
   "assets and liabilities｜资产与负债"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "liable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "责任常不可数；债务常用复数liabilities。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "liability"
 },
 {
  "w": "philosophical",
  "uk": "/ˌfɪləˈsɒfɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˌfɪləˈsɑːfɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "哲学的；哲学上的",
    "en": "relating to the study of knowledge, existence, and values"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "豁达的；泰然自若的",
    "en": "accepting difficulties calmly as a natural part of life"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our conversation became philosophical as we discussed life's purpose.",
    "zh": "我们谈到人生的意义时，对话变得富有哲学意味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Debates about artificial intelligence raise philosophical questions concerning responsibility, human identity, and the meaning of creativity.",
    "zh": "关于人工智能的辩论提出了涉及责任、人类身份和创造力含义的哲学问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "philosophical question｜哲学问题",
   "philosophical debate｜哲学辩论",
   "philosophical about setbacks｜对挫折持豁达态度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "philosophy (n.)",
   "philosopher (n.)",
   "philosophically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be philosophical about表示对不如意的事想得开。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "philosophical"
 },
 {
  "w": "ramification",
  "uk": "/ˌræmɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌræmɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "间接后果；衍生影响",
    "en": "An additional, often unexpected consequence of an action or decision."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hadn't considered every ramification of moving so far away.",
    "zh": "我们没有考虑到搬去那么远的地方会带来的每一种后续影响。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policymakers must consider the long-term ramifications of replacing public transport routes with privately operated services.",
    "zh": "政策制定者必须考虑以私营服务取代公共交通线路所带来的长期影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "have ramifications for｜对……产生后续影响",
   "far-reaching ramifications｜深远的后续影响",
   "legal ramifications｜法律后果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ramify (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "consequence",
   "repercussion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常用复数ramifications，常指复杂或意外后果。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ramification"
 },
 {
  "w": "amplifier",
  "uk": "/ˈæmplɪfaɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈæmplɪfaɪər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "放大器；扩音器",
    "en": "a device that increases the strength of sound or electrical signals"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He connected his guitar to a small amplifier.",
    "zh": "他把吉他接到了一台小型扩音器上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An amplifier can make a speaker's voice clearly audible throughout a large lecture hall.",
    "zh": "扩音器可以让整个大型报告厅都清楚地听到演讲者的声音。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a guitar amplifier｜吉他扩音器",
   "a power amplifier｜功率放大器",
   "a signal amplifier｜信号放大器"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "amplify (v.)",
   "amplification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "amp"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "amplifier放大信号；speaker把信号转为声音。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amplifier"
 },
 {
  "w": "embed",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈbed/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈbed/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使嵌入；使牢固置入",
    "en": "to fix something firmly inside a surrounding material"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "嵌入数字内容",
    "en": "to place digital content within a webpage or document"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使根植；使融入",
    "en": "to make something an established part of a system or culture"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The artist embedded small shells in the wet clay.",
    "zh": "艺术家把小贝壳嵌入湿黏土中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should embed environmental awareness in everyday lessons rather than discuss sustainability only on special occasions.",
    "zh": "学校应将环保意识融入日常课程，而不是只在特殊场合讨论可持续发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be embedded in｜嵌在；根植于",
   "embed a video｜嵌入视频",
   "deeply embedded｜深深扎根的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "embedded (adj.)",
   "embedding (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "implant",
   "insert"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式embedded，分词embedding均双写d。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "embed"
 },
 {
  "w": "distortion",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstɔːʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstɔːrʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "歪曲；曲解",
    "en": "A misleading change in how facts or ideas are presented."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "变形；失真",
    "en": "An unwanted change in shape, sound, or appearance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His version of our conversation was a complete distortion.",
    "zh": "他对我们谈话的转述完全歪曲了原意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The distortion of scientific findings in news reports can undermine public understanding of health risks.",
    "zh": "新闻报道对科学研究结果的歪曲可能妨碍公众理解健康风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a distortion of the facts｜对事实的歪曲",
   "image distortion｜图像失真",
   "sound distortion｜声音失真"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "distort (v.)",
   "distorted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "misrepresentation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "distortion of the facts指歪曲事实。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "distortion"
 },
 {
  "w": "lash",
  "uk": "/læʃ/",
  "us": "/læʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猛烈抽打；猛烈冲击",
    "en": "To strike forcefully, especially with a whip or like one."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "捆扎；绑牢",
    "en": "To fasten things tightly together using rope or cord."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "睫毛；鞭打",
    "en": "An eyelash, or a stroke delivered with a whip."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy rain lashed the windows throughout the night.",
    "zh": "大雨整夜猛烈地拍打着窗户。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As storms lash coastal communities, stronger sea defences become increasingly important for protecting homes and essential infrastructure.",
    "zh": "随着风暴猛烈袭击沿海社区，更坚固的海防设施对保护住房和重要基础设施愈发重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lash against the windows｜猛烈拍打窗户",
   "lash together｜捆在一起",
   "lash out at｜猛烈抨击；攻击"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "lash out at可指突然攻击或猛烈抨击。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lash"
 },
 {
  "w": "depletion",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpliːʃən/",
  "us": "/dɪˈpliːʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "消耗；耗竭",
    "en": "A reduction in the amount of something available"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The garden's poor growth suggested depletion of soil nutrients.",
    "zh": "花园里的植物长势不佳，说明土壤养分可能已大量流失。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid depletion of groundwater threatens agricultural production in regions where rainfall is increasingly unpredictable.",
    "zh": "在降雨越来越难以预测的地区，地下水的快速消耗威胁着农业生产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "resource depletion｜资源耗竭",
   "ozone depletion｜臭氧损耗",
   "depletion of reserves｜储备的消耗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deplete (v.)",
   "depleted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "replenishment"
  ],
  "tip": "常接of，表示资源或储备减少，不一定已耗尽。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "depletion"
 },
 {
  "w": "triumphant",
  "uk": "/traɪˈʌmfənt/",
  "us": "/traɪˈʌmfənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "胜利的；得意的",
    "en": "successful or showing great happiness after winning"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The triumphant captain lifted the trophy above her head.",
    "zh": "获胜的队长把奖杯举过头顶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "After years of campaigning, residents were triumphant when the council agreed to protect their local woodland.",
    "zh": "经过多年的争取，地方议会同意保护当地林地，居民们为此欢欣鼓舞。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "triumphant smile｜得意的微笑",
   "triumphant return｜凯旋",
   "triumphant victory｜辉煌的胜利"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "triumph (n.)",
   "triumph (v.)",
   "triumphantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "victorious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "defeated"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指取得胜利，也可形容获胜后的得意神情。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "triumphant"
 },
 {
  "w": "resilient",
  "uk": "/rɪˈzɪliənt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈzɪliənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "适应力强的；能复原的",
    "en": "Able to recover quickly after difficulties or damage"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有回弹力的",
    "en": "Able to return to its original shape after being bent"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These resilient plants recovered quickly after the summer drought.",
    "zh": "这些生命力顽强的植物在夏季干旱后很快恢复了生机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investing in local support networks can help communities become more resilient to economic and environmental shocks.",
    "zh": "投资地方支持网络可以帮助社区更好地应对经济和环境冲击。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "resilient communities｜适应力强的社区",
   "resilient economy｜有韧性的经济",
   "resilient to shocks｜能抵御冲击的",
   "resilient material｜有回弹力的材料"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "resilience (n.)",
   "resiliently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tough",
   "adaptable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fragile"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容人或经济的韧性，也可指材料回弹。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resilient"
 },
 {
  "w": "misuse",
  "uk": "/ˌmɪsˈjuːz/",
  "us": "/ˌmɪsˈjuːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "误用；滥用",
    "en": "To use something incorrectly or for a harmful purpose."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "误用；滥用",
    "en": "The incorrect or harmful use of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "You could damage that knife if you misuse it.",
    "zh": "如果使用不当，你可能会弄坏那把刀。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Organisations that misuse personal data risk losing public trust and may face substantial legal penalties.",
    "zh": "滥用个人数据的机构可能失去公众信任，并面临严厉的法律处罚。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "misuse personal data｜滥用个人数据",
   "misuse of power｜滥用权力",
   "misuse of resources｜资源的不当使用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "use (v.)",
   "useful (adj.)",
   "useless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "abuse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词词尾读/ z /，名词词尾读/ s /。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "misuse"
 },
 {
  "w": "legitimate",
  "uk": "/lɪˈdʒɪtɪmət/",
  "us": "/lɪˈdʒɪtəmət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "合法的；依法的",
    "en": "Allowed by law or accepted rules."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "正当的；合理的",
    "en": "Fair, reasonable, and supported by good reasons."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Selling homemade bread is a legitimate business here.",
    "zh": "在这里，售卖自制面包是合法的生意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents have legitimate concerns about the impact of airport expansion on local air quality.",
    "zh": "居民对机场扩建影响当地空气质量的担忧是合理的。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "legitimate business｜合法生意",
   "legitimate concerns｜合理的担忧",
   "legitimate reason｜正当理由",
   "legitimate authority｜合法权力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "legitimacy (n.)",
   "legitimately (adv.)",
   "legitimize (v.)",
   "illegitimate (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lawful",
   "valid"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "illegitimate"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指法律允许，也可指理由或担忧合理。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "legitimate"
 },
 {
  "w": "collaborate",
  "uk": "/kəˈlæbəreɪt/",
  "us": "/kəˈlæbəreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "合作；协作",
    "en": "work with others to create or achieve something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "与敌方勾结",
    "en": "help an enemy controlling your country"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We collaborate on recipes for our weekend cooking club.",
    "zh": "我们一起为周末烹饪俱乐部设计食谱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should collaborate with local businesses to develop practical solutions to regional environmental problems.",
    "zh": "大学应与当地企业合作，为区域环境问题制定切实可行的解决方案。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "collaborate with colleagues｜与同事合作",
   "collaborate on a project｜合作开展项目",
   "collaborate closely｜密切合作"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "collaboration (n.)",
   "collaborative (adj.)",
   "collaboratively (adv.)",
   "collaborator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cooperate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与某人合作用with；合作做某项目用on。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "collaborate"
 },
 {
  "w": "eloquent",
  "uk": "/ˈeləkwənt/",
  "us": "/ˈeləkwənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "雄辩的；有说服力的",
    "en": "Expressing ideas clearly, powerfully, and beautifully."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "意味深长的；传神的",
    "en": "Clearly expressing a feeling or meaning without words."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her eloquent speech moved everyone in the room.",
    "zh": "她那富有感染力的演讲打动了屋里的每个人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The speaker offered an eloquent defence of public libraries as essential spaces for lifelong learning.",
    "zh": "演讲者有力地论证了公共图书馆作为终身学习重要场所的价值。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an eloquent speaker｜能言善辩的演讲者",
   "an eloquent defence｜有力的辩护",
   "an eloquent silence｜意味深长的沉默"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eloquence (n.)",
   "eloquently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "articulate",
   "expressive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "inarticulate"
  ],
  "tip": "不只形容口才，也可形容传达深意的眼神或沉默。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eloquent"
 },
 {
  "w": "pantry",
  "uk": "/ˈpæntri/",
  "us": "/ˈpæntri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "食品储藏室；食品柜",
    "en": "a small room or cupboard for storing food"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is another bag of rice in the pantry.",
    "zh": "食品储藏室里还有一袋米。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Keeping a well-organised pantry can help households reduce food waste and manage their grocery budgets.",
    "zh": "保持食品储藏室整齐有序可以帮助家庭减少食物浪费并控制食品开支。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a well-stocked pantry｜储备充足的食品储藏室",
   "pantry shelves｜食品储藏室的架子",
   "pantry staples｜常备食品"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "larder"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要储存食品；不等于做饭的kitchen。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pantry"
 },
 {
  "w": "intrigue",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtriːɡ/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtriːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "激起好奇心；引起兴趣",
    "en": "To make someone curious and eager to learn more."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阴谋；密谋",
    "en": "Secret planning intended to gain power or an advantage."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The locked wooden box intrigued everyone in the room.",
    "zh": "那个上锁的木盒引起了屋里所有人的好奇。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unexplained archaeological discoveries continue to intrigue researchers and encourage further investigation into the lives of ancient communities.",
    "zh": "尚未得到解释的考古发现持续引起研究者的兴趣，推动他们进一步探索古代社群的生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be intrigued by｜对……感到好奇",
   "political intrigue｜政治阴谋",
   "a web of intrigue｜错综复杂的阴谋"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intriguing (adj.)",
   "intrigued (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fascinate",
   "interest"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "bore"
  ],
  "tip": "激起兴趣时是及物动词；常用 be intrigued by。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intrigue"
 },
 {
  "w": "fanatic",
  "uk": "/fəˈnætɪk/",
  "us": "/fəˈnætɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狂热爱好者",
    "en": "Someone who is extremely enthusiastic about an activity or interest."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狂热信奉者",
    "en": "Someone whose extreme beliefs make them reject other views."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin is a fitness fanatic who exercises daily.",
    "zh": "我表亲是个健身迷，每天都锻炼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A political fanatic may reject reasonable debate, making it harder for communities to resolve disagreements peacefully.",
    "zh": "政治狂热者可能拒绝理性辩论，使社会群体更难和平解决分歧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fitness fanatic｜健身狂",
   "football fanatic｜足球狂热爱好者",
   "religious fanatic｜宗教狂热者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fanatical (adj.)",
   "fanatically (adv.)",
   "fanaticism (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enthusiast",
   "zealot"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "爱好语境可轻松使用；信仰语境常含贬义。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fanatic"
 },
 {
  "w": "essence",
  "uk": "/ˈesəns/",
  "us": "/ˈesəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "本质；精髓",
    "en": "the most important quality that makes something what it is"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "香精；浓缩精华",
    "en": "a concentrated liquid containing a particular flavour or scent"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "For me, the essence of friendship is being there.",
    "zh": "对我来说，友谊的真谛就是陪伴与支持。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The essence of sustainable development is meeting present needs without limiting opportunities for future generations.",
    "zh": "可持续发展的本质是满足当代需求，同时不限制后代的发展机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the essence of｜……的本质",
   "in essence｜本质上",
   "vanilla essence｜香草香精",
   "capture the essence｜抓住精髓"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "essential (adj.)",
   "essentially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "core"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in essence 表示“本质上”，用于概括核心观点。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "essence"
 },
 {
  "w": "pilgrimage",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪlɡrɪmɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪlɡrɪmɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "朝圣；朝圣之旅",
    "en": "A journey to a place important to someone's religion."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "敬仰之地的探访",
    "en": "A visit to a place with special personal significance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandparents made a pilgrimage to the mountain temple.",
    "zh": "我的祖父母前往山中的寺庙朝圣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Religious pilgrimage can support local economies, but large visitor numbers may place pressure on fragile historic sites.",
    "zh": "宗教朝圣可以带动当地经济，但大量游客可能给脆弱的历史遗址带来压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "go on a pilgrimage｜去朝圣",
   "a pilgrimage site｜朝圣地",
   "make a pilgrimage to｜前往……朝圣"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pilgrim (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用make a pilgrimage to表示前往某地朝圣。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pilgrimage"
 },
 {
  "w": "tiresome",
  "uk": "/ˈtaɪəsəm/",
  "us": "/ˈtaɪərsəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人厌烦的",
    "en": "Annoying or boring, especially because something continues too long."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sorting these tiny screws is such a tiresome job.",
    "zh": "把这些小螺丝分类真是件烦人的差事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Repeated administrative checks can become tiresome for teachers and reduce the time available for lesson preparation.",
    "zh": "反复的行政检查会让教师感到厌烦，并压缩备课时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tiresome task｜烦人的任务",
   "become tiresome｜变得令人厌烦",
   "tiresome repetition｜令人厌烦的重复"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tire (v.)",
   "tired (adj.)",
   "tiring (adj.)",
   "tirelessly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "annoying",
   "tedious",
   "irritating"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "enjoyable",
   "engaging"
  ],
  "tip": "tiresome令人厌烦；tiring令人疲劳。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tiresome"
 },
 {
  "w": "commonsense",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒmənˈsens/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːmənˈsens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "符合常识的；明智的",
    "en": "Showing practical judgment based on ordinary experience."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Taking an umbrella was a commonsense decision in this weather.",
    "zh": "这种天气带伞是个明智的决定。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Simple commonsense measures, such as improving street lighting, can make residential areas safer for pedestrians.",
    "zh": "改善街道照明等简单而符合常识的措施，可以让住宅区的行人更加安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a commonsense approach｜务实合理的方法",
   "commonsense advice｜符合常识的建议",
   "commonsense precautions｜合乎常识的预防措施"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "common sense (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sensible",
   "practical"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "impractical"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词也写作common-sense；名词common sense分写。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commonsense"
 },
 {
  "w": "heed",
  "uk": "/hiːd/",
  "us": "/hiːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "留意；听从",
    "en": "To pay careful attention to advice or a warning."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "注意；留心",
    "en": "Careful attention given to something, especially advice or warnings."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We heeded the guide's warning and left the beach.",
    "zh": "我们听从了导游的警告，离开了海滩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must heed scientific advice when developing policies to protect communities from extreme weather.",
    "zh": "政府制定保护社区免受极端天气影响的政策时，必须重视科学建议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heed a warning｜听从警告",
   "heed advice｜听取建议",
   "pay heed to｜留意；重视",
   "take heed of｜注意；听从"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "heedful (adj.)",
   "heedless (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "ignore",
   "disregard"
  ],
  "tip": "动词直接接宾语；名词常用于pay heed to。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "heed"
 },
 {
  "w": "overrule",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈruːl/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvɚˈruːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "否决；驳回",
    "en": "To use authority to reject or reverse a decision or objection."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The manager overruled my request to close the shop early.",
    "zh": "经理否决了我提前关店的请求。"
   },
   {
    "en": "National authorities may overrule local planning decisions when major infrastructure projects serve the wider public interest.",
    "zh": "当重大基础设施项目符合更广泛的公共利益时，国家主管部门可能否决地方规划决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "overrule an objection｜驳回异议",
   "overrule a decision｜推翻决定",
   "be overruled by｜被……否决"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "override",
   "reverse"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uphold"
  ],
  "tip": "强调凭更高权力否决，不只是表示不同意。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overrule"
 },
 {
  "w": "entail",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈteɪl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈteɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "必然涉及；需要",
    "en": "To necessarily involve or require something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This new job entails working some evenings and weekends.",
    "zh": "这份新工作需要在一些晚上和周末上班。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Expanding public transport will entail substantial initial costs, although the environmental and social benefits may justify this investment.",
    "zh": "扩建公共交通必然涉及大量前期费用，但其环境和社会效益可能使这项投资值得。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "entail costs｜需要花费",
   "entail risks｜伴随风险",
   "entail doing something｜需要做某事"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "entailment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "involve",
   "require"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "后接名词或动名词：entail doing，不接to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "entail"
 },
 {
  "w": "hallmark",
  "uk": "/ˈhɔːlmɑːk/",
  "us": "/ˈhɔːlmɑːrk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "典型特征；标志",
    "en": "A distinctive quality that characterises someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "贵金属纯度检验印记",
    "en": "An official mark showing the purity of a precious metal"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fresh ingredients are the hallmark of my grandmother's cooking.",
    "zh": "新鲜食材是我祖母做菜的一大特色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Transparent decision-making is a hallmark of effective governance because it allows citizens to hold public officials accountable.",
    "zh": "透明决策是有效治理的典型特征，因为它让公民能够追究公职人员的责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a hallmark of quality｜品质的标志",
   "bear the hallmarks of｜具有……的典型特征",
   "a distinctive hallmark｜鲜明特征"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "characteristic",
   "feature"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用a hallmark of，表示……的典型特征。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hallmark"
 },
 {
  "w": "cog",
  "uk": "/kɒɡ/",
  "us": "/kɑːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轮齿；齿轮",
    "en": "A tooth on a gear, or the gear itself"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大机构中的小角色",
    "en": "Someone with a small role in a large organisation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A broken cog stopped the old clock from working.",
    "zh": "一个断裂的轮齿让那座老钟停止了运转。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees may lose motivation if they feel like a cog in a machine rather than valued contributors.",
    "zh": "如果员工觉得自己只是机器中的小零件，而非受到重视的贡献者，就可能失去动力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cog wheel｜齿轮",
   "a cog in the machine｜机构中的小角色",
   "broken cog｜断裂的轮齿"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a cog in the machine比喻机构中的小角色。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cog"
 },
 {
  "w": "predisposition",
  "uk": "/ˌpriːdɪspəˈzɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌpriːdɪspəˈzɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "易感体质；患病倾向",
    "en": "A natural tendency to develop a particular illness or condition."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "性情倾向；偏好",
    "en": "A natural tendency to behave or think in a particular way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My doctor explained that a predisposition does not guarantee illness.",
    "zh": "医生向我解释，有患病倾向并不意味着一定会生病。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although genetic predisposition influences the risk of diabetes, regular exercise and a balanced diet can offer protection.",
    "zh": "虽然遗传易感性会影响患糖尿病的风险，但规律运动和均衡饮食能起到保护作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "genetic predisposition｜遗传易感性",
   "a predisposition to diabetes｜糖尿病易感体质",
   "a predisposition towards anxiety｜焦虑倾向"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "predispose (v.)",
   "predisposed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "susceptibility",
   "inclination"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常接to；表示更易发生，不代表必然发生。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "predisposition"
 },
 {
  "w": "lament",
  "uk": "/ləˈment/",
  "us": "/ləˈment/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "悲叹；哀悼",
    "en": "To express sadness or regret about something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "哀叹；挽歌",
    "en": "An expression of grief, sometimes through a song or poem."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandparents often lament the loss of local shops.",
    "zh": "我的祖父母常为附近小店的消失而叹息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many residents lament the destruction of historic buildings, arguing that redevelopment weakens the city's cultural identity.",
    "zh": "许多居民为历史建筑遭到拆除而惋惜，认为改建削弱了城市的文化特色。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lament the loss of｜为失去……而悲叹",
   "deeply lament｜深感惋惜",
   "a lament for｜为……而作的哀歌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lamentation (n.)",
   "lamentable (adj.)",
   "lamentably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mourn",
   "bemoan"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较正式；动词可直接接宾语，也可接that从句。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lament"
 },
 {
  "w": "decided",
  "uk": "/dɪˈsaɪdɪd/",
  "us": "/dɪˈsaɪdɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "明显的；明确的",
    "en": "clear, definite, and easy to notice"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a decided chill in the air tonight.",
    "zh": "今晚空气中有一股明显的寒意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable internet access gives rural businesses a decided advantage when competing for customers beyond their local area.",
    "zh": "在争取本地以外的客户时，可靠的互联网连接为农村企业带来了明显优势。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a decided advantage｜明显的优势",
   "a decided improvement｜明显的改善",
   "a decided preference｜明确的偏好"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "decide (v.)",
   "decision (n.)",
   "decidedly (adv.)",
   "decisive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "definite",
   "clear",
   "distinct"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uncertain"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词常指“明显的”；“果断的”通常用decisive。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "decided"
 },
 {
  "w": "disprove",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈpruːv/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈpruːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "证明……错误；证伪",
    "en": "to show through evidence that something is not true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The clear photograph disproved his claim about the damage.",
    "zh": "这张清晰的照片证明他对损坏情况的说法不实。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers need reliable evidence to disprove the assumption that smaller classes always lead to better academic results.",
    "zh": "研究人员需要可靠的证据，才能推翻小班教学总能带来更好学业成绩的假设。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disprove a theory｜证伪理论",
   "disprove a claim｜证明说法不实",
   "disprove a hypothesis｜证伪假说"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prove (v.)",
   "proof (n.)",
   "disproof (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "refute"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "prove",
   "confirm"
  ],
  "tip": "不只是表示反对，而是用证据证明说法错误。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disprove"
 },
 {
  "w": "imperative",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈperətɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈperətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极其必要的；迫切的",
    "en": "Extremely important and needing to be done."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "必须做的事；迫切需要",
    "en": "Something that must be done or given urgent attention."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "祈使的",
    "en": "Expressing a command or instruction in grammar."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It is imperative to keep this medicine refrigerated.",
    "zh": "这种药必须冷藏保存。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As urban populations grow, it is imperative that governments invest in reliable and affordable public transport.",
    "zh": "随着城市人口增长，政府迫切需要投资建设可靠且价格合理的公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "it is imperative that｜……至关重要",
   "imperative to act｜必须采取行动",
   "moral imperative｜道义上必须做的事",
   "imperative mood｜祈使语气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "imperatively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "essential",
   "crucial",
   "vital"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "optional"
  ],
  "tip": "常用It is imperative to do或that从句。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "imperative"
 },
 {
  "w": "obstruction",
  "uk": "/əbˈstrʌkʃən/",
  "us": "/əbˈstrʌkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "障碍物；阻塞",
    "en": "Something that blocks movement or passage."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阻挠；妨碍",
    "en": "The act of deliberately preventing progress or action."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A fallen branch caused an obstruction on the narrow path.",
    "zh": "一根掉落的树枝挡住了狭窄的小路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Removing unnecessary administrative procedures can reduce obstruction to the development of small businesses in rural areas.",
    "zh": "取消不必要的行政程序可以减少农村地区小企业发展面临的阻碍。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cause an obstruction｜造成阻塞",
   "remove an obstruction｜清除障碍物",
   "obstruction of justice｜妨碍司法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "obstruct (v.)",
   "obstructive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "blockage",
   "hindrance"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "实体障碍物通常可数；阻挠这一行为常不可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obstruction"
 },
 {
  "w": "excavate",
  "uk": "/ˈekskəveɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈekskəveɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挖掘；开凿",
    "en": "to dig into ground and remove earth"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发掘古迹或遗物",
    "en": "to uncover ancient objects or buildings by carefully removing earth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Workers excavated a deep hole for our new pool.",
    "zh": "工人们为我们的新游泳池挖了一个深坑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Archaeologists excavate ancient settlements to discover how earlier communities adapted to environmental changes and developed farming techniques.",
    "zh": "考古学家发掘古代聚落，以了解早期群体如何适应环境变化并发展耕作技术。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "excavate a site｜发掘遗址",
   "excavate a trench｜挖沟",
   "excavate ancient remains｜发掘古代遗存"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "excavation (n.)",
   "excavator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dig",
   "unearth"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "excavate可用于工程挖掘，也可用于考古发掘。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "excavate"
 },
 {
  "w": "ultimatum",
  "uk": "/ˌʌltɪˈmeɪtəm/",
  "us": "/ˌʌltɪˈmeɪtəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "最后通牒",
    "en": "a final demand threatening consequences if it is not accepted"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The coach gave us an ultimatum: attend practice or leave.",
    "zh": "教练向我们下了最后通牒：参加训练，否则离队。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The council issued an ultimatum requiring the factory to improve waste treatment or face closure.",
    "zh": "市政委员会下达了最后通牒，要求工厂改善废物处理，否则将被关闭。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "issue an ultimatum｜发出最后通牒",
   "give someone an ultimatum｜向某人下最后通牒",
   "reject an ultimatum｜拒绝最后通牒"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用give someone an ultimatum；复数常为ultimatums。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ultimatum"
 },
 {
  "w": "resilience",
  "uk": "/rɪˈzɪliəns/",
  "us": "/rɪˈzɪliəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "复原力；抗逆力",
    "en": "The ability to recover or adapt after difficulties"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "回弹性",
    "en": "The ability of a material to regain its original shape"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her resilience helped her rebuild after the flood.",
    "zh": "她凭借坚韧的复原力在洪灾后重建了生活。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strong community networks can increase resilience by providing practical and emotional support during economic crises.",
    "zh": "紧密的社区网络能在经济危机期间提供实际帮助和情感支持，从而增强抗逆力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "build resilience｜培养抗逆力",
   "emotional resilience｜情绪复原力",
   "community resilience｜社区韧性",
   "show remarkable resilience｜展现非凡的复原力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "resilient (adj.)",
   "resiliently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "resiliency"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fragility"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数，强调受挫后的恢复与适应能力。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resilience"
 },
 {
  "w": "warfare",
  "uk": "/ˈwɔːfeə/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːrfer/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "战争；作战",
    "en": "The activity of fighting wars, including methods and weapons used."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum shows how warfare changed over centuries.",
    "zh": "这座博物馆展示了几个世纪以来作战方式的变化。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modern warfare can damage essential infrastructure, leaving communities without reliable access to water and electricity.",
    "zh": "现代战争可能破坏重要基础设施，使社区无法稳定获得水电供应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "modern warfare｜现代战争",
   "chemical warfare｜化学战",
   "guerrilla warfare｜游击战"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "war (n.)",
   "warrior (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数，强调作战活动或方式；war可指一场战争。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "warfare"
 },
 {
  "w": "acclaim",
  "uk": "/əˈkleɪm/",
  "us": "/əˈkleɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公开赞誉；高度评价",
    "en": "strong public praise for someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "公开称赞；高度赞扬",
    "en": "to praise someone or something publicly and enthusiastically"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her first film won acclaim at the local festival.",
    "zh": "她的首部电影在当地电影节上赢得了赞誉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The new public library has received widespread acclaim for its accessible design and sustainable construction.",
    "zh": "这座新公共图书馆因其无障碍设计和可持续建筑方式而广受赞誉。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "critical acclaim｜评论界的赞誉",
   "widespread acclaim｜广泛赞誉",
   "receive acclaim｜获得赞誉",
   "be acclaimed as｜被誉为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "acclaimed (adj.)",
   "acclamation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "praise",
   "applause"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "criticism"
  ],
  "tip": "名词通常不可数；动词常用be acclaimed as被誉为。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "acclaim"
 },
 {
  "w": "forthcoming",
  "uk": "/ˌfɔːθˈkʌmɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌfɔːrθˈkʌmɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "即将到来的",
    "en": "Planned or expected to happen or appear soon."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "乐于提供信息的",
    "en": "Willing to give information or discuss something openly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可得到的；会提供的",
    "en": "Available or provided when wanted or needed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought new walking boots for our forthcoming trip.",
    "zh": "我们为即将到来的旅行买了新徒步靴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The forthcoming report will assess whether investment in public transport has reduced urban air pollution.",
    "zh": "即将发布的报告将评估公共交通投资是否减少了城市空气污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a forthcoming report｜即将发布的报告",
   "forthcoming elections｜即将举行的选举",
   "forthcoming about something｜愿意谈论某事",
   "no help was forthcoming｜未得到任何帮助"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "upcoming",
   "approaching"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不只表示“即将到来的”，也可指愿意透露信息。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "forthcoming"
 },
 {
  "w": "adorn",
  "uk": "/əˈdɔːn/",
  "us": "/əˈdɔːrn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "装饰；使增色",
    "en": "To make something more attractive by decorating it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fresh flowers adorned every table at the family celebration.",
    "zh": "家庭庆典上，每张桌子都用鲜花装点。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public artworks adorn many urban spaces, making neighbourhoods more attractive and encouraging residents to explore their surroundings.",
    "zh": "公共艺术作品装点着许多城市空间，使街区更具吸引力，并鼓励居民探索周边环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adorn something with flowers｜用鲜花装饰某物",
   "be adorned with｜装饰着",
   "adorn the walls｜装点墙壁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adornment (n.)",
   "adorned (adj.)",
   "unadorned (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "decorate",
   "embellish"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "用adorn A with B表示“用B装饰A”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adorn"
 },
 {
  "w": "decree",
  "uk": "/dɪˈkriː/",
  "us": "/dɪˈkriː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "法令；政令；裁定",
    "en": "An official order issued by a ruler, government, or court."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "颁令；裁定",
    "en": "To officially order or decide that something must happen."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The new decree means our street stays closed tonight.",
    "zh": "新颁布的法令意味着今晚我们这条街将继续封闭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The government issued a decree requiring factories to treat wastewater before releasing it into rivers.",
    "zh": "政府颁布法令，要求工厂将废水处理后再排入河流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "issue a decree｜颁布法令",
   "by decree｜通过法令",
   "decree that｜颁令规定"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "order",
   "edict"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词可接that从句；名词指有权威的正式命令。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "decree"
 },
 {
  "w": "augment",
  "uk": "/ɔːɡˈment/",
  "us": "/ɔːɡˈment/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "增加；增强",
    "en": "To increase something by adding to it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She sells homemade jam to augment her income.",
    "zh": "她出售自制果酱来增加收入。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital resources can augment classroom teaching, but they should not replace meaningful interaction between teachers and students.",
    "zh": "数字资源能增强课堂教学效果，但不应取代师生之间有意义的互动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "augment income｜增加收入",
   "augment existing resources｜补充现有资源",
   "augment capacity｜提升能力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "augmentation (n.)",
   "augmented (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "increase",
   "expand",
   "supplement"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reduce",
   "diminish"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式，通常作及物动词，强调通过添加来增加。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "augment"
 },
 {
  "w": "oppression",
  "uk": "/əˈpreʃən/",
  "us": "/əˈpreʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "压迫；压制",
    "en": "Cruel or unfair control that denies people freedom and rights."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her grandparents told stories about life under oppression.",
    "zh": "她的祖父母讲述了在压迫下生活的往事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent courts play a vital role in protecting vulnerable groups from oppression and defending basic freedoms.",
    "zh": "独立的法院在保护弱势群体免受压迫、捍卫基本自由方面发挥着重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "political oppression｜政治压迫",
   "resist oppression｜反抗压迫",
   "freedom from oppression｜免受压迫的自由"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "oppress (v.)",
   "oppressive (adj.)",
   "oppressed (adj.)",
   "oppressor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tyranny"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "liberation"
  ],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；动词是oppress。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oppression"
 },
 {
  "w": "quay",
  "uk": "/kiː/",
  "us": "/kiː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "码头；靠岸装卸平台",
    "en": "A solid waterside platform where boats stop for loading or unloading"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the ferry arrive from the stone quay.",
    "zh": "我们站在石砌码头上，看着渡船驶来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Converting an unused quay into a public promenade can reconnect urban residents with their waterfront.",
    "zh": "将闲置码头改造成公共步道，可以让城市居民重新亲近滨水空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "along the quay｜沿着码头",
   "moor at the quay｜在码头停泊",
   "quay wall｜码头岸壁"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "quayside (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wharf"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "读音与key相同；通常指沿岸修建的实体码头。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quay"
 },
 {
  "w": "mania",
  "uk": "/ˈmeɪniə/",
  "us": "/ˈmeɪniə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狂热；痴迷",
    "en": "an unusually strong enthusiasm for an activity or object"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "躁狂",
    "en": "a mental health state involving extreme energy and elevated mood"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A mania for collecting toy trains swept our neighbourhood.",
    "zh": "收集玩具火车的热潮席卷了我们社区。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During episodes of mania, individuals may need professional support to manage sleep disruption and impulsive behaviour.",
    "zh": "在躁狂发作期间，患者可能需要专业支持来应对睡眠紊乱和冲动行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a mania for｜对……的狂热",
   "an episode of mania｜一次躁狂发作",
   "acute mania｜急性躁狂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "manic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "日常可指狂热；医学上的躁狂不等于普通兴奋。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mania"
 },
 {
  "w": "inflammable",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈflæməbəl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈflæməbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "易燃的",
    "en": "Able to catch fire easily."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Keep inflammable liquids well away from the kitchen stove.",
    "zh": "把易燃液体放在远离厨房炉灶的地方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Factories must store inflammable materials safely to reduce fire risks and protect both workers and nearby communities.",
    "zh": "工厂必须安全储存易燃材料，以降低火灾风险并保护工人和附近社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inflammable materials｜易燃材料",
   "inflammable liquids｜易燃液体",
   "highly inflammable｜高度易燃的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inflammability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "flammable",
   "combustible"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "non-flammable"
  ],
  "tip": "inflammable是易燃的；不易燃用non-flammable。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inflammable"
 },
 {
  "w": "proxy",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒksi/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːksi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "代理人；代表",
    "en": "someone authorised to act or vote for another person"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "替代指标；替代物",
    "en": "something used to represent or measure something else indirectly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "代理服务器",
    "en": "a server that passes requests between users and other servers"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister acted as my proxy at the meeting.",
    "zh": "我姐姐作为我的代理人参加了会议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers sometimes use household income as a proxy for living standards, although it provides an incomplete picture.",
    "zh": "研究人员有时用家庭收入作为生活水平的替代指标，尽管它无法反映全貌。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vote by proxy｜委托代理人投票",
   "act as a proxy｜担任代理人",
   "a proxy for｜……的替代指标",
   "proxy server｜代理服务器"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "representative",
   "substitute"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "by proxy指通过代理人；a proxy for可指替代指标。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "proxy"
 },
 {
  "w": "restrain",
  "uk": "/rɪˈstreɪn/",
  "us": "/rɪˈstreɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "制止；限制行动",
    "en": "to prevent someone or something from moving or acting freely"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "克制；抑制",
    "en": "to control a feeling, reaction, or increase"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She gently restrained the dog from chasing a squirrel.",
    "zh": "她轻轻拉住狗，不让它去追松鼠。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments may use tighter lending rules to restrain excessive borrowing and reduce risks in the housing market.",
    "zh": "政府可以通过收紧贷款规定来遏制过度借贷，降低住房市场风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "restrain someone from doing something｜阻止某人做某事",
   "restrain anger｜克制愤怒",
   "restrain spending｜控制支出"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "restraint (n.)",
   "restrained (adj.)",
   "unrestrained (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "control",
   "hold back"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "release"
  ],
  "tip": "常用restrain sb from doing，表示阻止某人做某事。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "restrain"
 },
 {
  "w": "cartilage",
  "uk": "/ˈkɑːtɪlɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːrtəlɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "软骨",
    "en": "Strong, flexible tissue found in joints and other body parts."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor explained that cartilage cushions my knee joint.",
    "zh": "医生解释说，软骨能缓冲我膝关节受到的冲击。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular moderate exercise can support joint health, but damaged cartilage often takes a long time to heal.",
    "zh": "经常进行适度运动有助于关节健康，但受损软骨通常需要很长时间才能愈合。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "damaged cartilage｜受损软骨",
   "knee cartilage｜膝关节软骨",
   "cartilage damage｜软骨损伤"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cartilaginous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；不是骨头，而是有弹性的组织。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cartilage"
 },
 {
  "w": "visualize",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪʒuəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈvɪʒuəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "在脑海中想象",
    "en": "To form a clear picture of something in your mind."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使可视化",
    "en": "To represent information using images, charts, or diagrams."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Close your eyes and visualize a quiet sandy beach.",
    "zh": "闭上眼睛，想象一片宁静的沙滩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital models help residents visualize how proposed buildings will change the appearance of their neighbourhood.",
    "zh": "数字模型帮助居民想象拟建建筑将如何改变社区的面貌。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "visualize a scene｜想象一个场景",
   "visualize data｜将数据可视化",
   "visualize the outcome｜想象结果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "visualization (n.)",
   "visual (adj.)",
   "visually (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "envision",
   "picture",
   "imagine"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也写visualise；可接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "visualize"
 },
 {
  "w": "distort",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstɔːt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "歪曲；曲解",
    "en": "to present information in a misleading or inaccurate way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使变形；使失真",
    "en": "to change the natural shape, appearance, or sound of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That edited clip distorts what I actually said.",
    "zh": "那段剪辑过的视频歪曲了我实际说的话。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Selective reporting can distort public understanding of environmental issues and weaken support for necessary reforms.",
    "zh": "选择性报道可能歪曲公众对环境问题的理解，并削弱人们对必要改革的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "distort the truth｜歪曲真相",
   "distort an image｜使图像变形",
   "distort public perception｜扭曲公众认知"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "distortion (n.)",
   "distorted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "misrepresent",
   "twist"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指歪曲事实，也可指图像、声音失真。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "distort"
 },
 {
  "w": "embody",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈbɒdi/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈbɑːdi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "体现；具体表现",
    "en": "To clearly represent an idea, quality, or feeling."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "包含；收录",
    "en": "To include something as part of a larger whole."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These handmade bowls embody my grandmother's patience and care.",
    "zh": "这些手工碗体现了我祖母的耐心与用心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public buildings should embody the values of inclusion by providing accessible spaces for people with different needs.",
    "zh": "公共建筑应为有不同需求的人提供无障碍空间，以体现包容的价值观。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "embody an ideal｜体现一种理想",
   "embody the spirit of｜体现……的精神",
   "embody core values｜体现核心价值观"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "embodiment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "represent",
   "incorporate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "embody是及物动词，直接接所体现的品质或理念。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "embody"
 },
 {
  "w": "enchant",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtʃɑːnt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtʃænt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使着迷；使陶醉",
    "en": "To delight someone greatly and hold their attention."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "施魔法于",
    "en": "To put someone or something under a magic spell."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tiny garden enchanted us with its colourful butterflies.",
    "zh": "小花园里五彩斑斓的蝴蝶让我们陶醉其中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional storytelling can enchant young audiences while introducing them to the cultural heritage of their communities.",
    "zh": "传统故事讲述既能吸引年轻观众，也能让他们了解所在社区的文化遗产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enchant an audience｜使观众陶醉",
   "be enchanted by｜被……迷住"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "enchantment (n.)",
   "enchanting (adj.)",
   "enchanted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "captivate",
   "delight"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用被动结构 be enchanted by，表示被深深吸引。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "enchant"
 },
 {
  "w": "entirety",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtaɪərəti/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtaɪrəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "全部；整体",
    "en": "the whole of something, with no part left out"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the long film in its entirety.",
    "zh": "我们完整地看完了那部很长的电影。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers should examine the report in its entirety before drawing conclusions about the effectiveness of the programme.",
    "zh": "研究人员应完整审阅报告，再对该项目的成效作出结论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in its entirety｜完整地",
   "the entirety of｜……的全部"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "entire (adj.)",
   "entirely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "whole",
   "totality"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用 in its entirety，表示完整地、无遗漏地。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "entirety"
 },
 {
  "w": "bloc",
  "uk": "/blɒk/",
  "us": "/blɑːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "政治集团；联盟",
    "en": "A group of countries or people acting together for shared aims."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The councillors formed a bloc to protect local parks.",
    "zh": "这些议员组成了一个联盟，以保护当地公园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A regional trading bloc can strengthen members' bargaining power while reducing barriers to trade between participating countries.",
    "zh": "区域贸易集团可以增强成员的议价能力，同时降低参与国之间的贸易壁垒。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "trading bloc｜贸易集团",
   "political bloc｜政治集团",
   "regional bloc｜区域集团",
   "form a bloc｜组成联盟"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "alliance",
   "coalition"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与block同音；bloc专指共同采取行动的集团。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bloc"
 },
 {
  "w": "bottom-line",
  "uk": "/ˌbɒtəm ˈlaɪn/",
  "us": "/ˌbɑːtəm ˈlaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "关乎最终利润的",
    "en": "Relating to the final profit or financial outcome."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The owner discussed bottom-line results with her accountant.",
    "zh": "店主和她的会计讨论了最终盈利情况。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An excessive focus on bottom-line performance may discourage companies from investing in employee development.",
    "zh": "过分关注最终盈利表现可能使企业不愿投资于员工发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bottom-line results｜最终盈利结果",
   "bottom-line performance｜最终盈利表现",
   "bottom-line impact｜对最终利润的影响"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "连字符形式常作定语；名词写bottom line。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bottom-line"
 },
 {
  "w": "plague",
  "uk": "/pleɪɡ/",
  "us": "/pleɪɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鼠疫；瘟疫",
    "en": "A serious infectious disease, especially one caused by plague bacteria."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "不断困扰；使受折磨",
    "en": "To cause repeated trouble or suffering."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大规模灾害；祸患",
    "en": "A widespread problem or harmful invasion."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum has an exhibition about plague in medieval towns.",
    "zh": "博物馆有一个关于中世纪城镇瘟疫的展览。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poor drainage continues to plague rapidly growing cities, increasing flood risks and threatening the health of local residents.",
    "zh": "排水不良持续困扰着快速发展的城市，增加了洪灾风险，并威胁当地居民的健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an outbreak of plague｜鼠疫暴发",
   "be plagued by problems｜饱受问题困扰",
   "a plague of locusts｜蝗灾"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用be plagued by，表示长期反复受困扰。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plague"
 },
 {
  "w": "mingle",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪŋɡəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪŋɡəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "混合；交融",
    "en": "mix together while remaining partly distinct"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "交际；与人交谈",
    "en": "move around a group and talk to different people"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The smell of fresh bread mingled with roasted coffee.",
    "zh": "新鲜面包的香气与烘焙咖啡的香气交织在一起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community festivals allow residents from different backgrounds to mingle, helping build trust and a stronger sense of belonging.",
    "zh": "社区节庆让不同背景的居民有机会交流，有助于建立信任并增强归属感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mingle with｜与……混合；与……交往",
   "mingle with guests｜与宾客交谈",
   "mingle freely｜自由交往"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "mix",
   "socialize"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mingle with既可指与某物混合，也可指与人交往。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mingle"
 },
 {
  "w": "aspire",
  "uk": "/əˈspaɪə/",
  "us": "/əˈspaɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "渴望；立志",
    "en": "To strongly want to achieve something important."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My younger sister aspires to become a wildlife photographer.",
    "zh": "我妹妹立志成为一名野生动物摄影师。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many young people aspire to careers that offer both financial security and opportunities to contribute to society.",
    "zh": "许多年轻人向往既能提供经济保障，又能让自己为社会作贡献的职业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "aspire to do something｜立志做某事",
   "aspire to greatness｜追求卓越",
   "aspire to a career in medicine｜立志从医"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aspiration (n.)",
   "aspiring (adj.)",
   "aspirant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "aim"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "aspire to do表立志做；aspire to后也可接名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aspire"
 },
 {
  "w": "indigenous",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdɪdʒənəs/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdɪdʒənəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "本土的；原住民的",
    "en": "Originating or living naturally in a place, rather than arriving later."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These flowers are indigenous to the valley near our village.",
    "zh": "这些花原产于我们村庄附近的山谷。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting indigenous languages helps preserve cultural knowledge that has been passed down through many generations.",
    "zh": "保护原住民语言有助于保存世代相传的文化知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "indigenous peoples｜原住民族",
   "indigenous languages｜原住民语言",
   "indigenous species｜本土物种",
   "indigenous to an area｜原产于某地区"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "native"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "non-native"
  ],
  "tip": "常用indigenous to；修饰人群时常将首字母大写。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indigenous"
 },
 {
  "w": "reckless",
  "uk": "/ˈrekləs/",
  "us": "/ˈrekləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "鲁莽的；不顾后果的",
    "en": "Ignoring danger or the possible harmful results of an action"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Cycling downhill without brakes was a reckless thing to do.",
    "zh": "骑着没有刹车的自行车下坡是一种鲁莽的行为。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reckless lending by financial institutions can expose households to debts they have little realistic chance of repaying.",
    "zh": "金融机构不顾风险地放贷，可能让家庭背上几乎无力偿还的债务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reckless driving｜鲁莽驾驶",
   "reckless behaviour｜鲁莽行为",
   "reckless spending｜不计后果的花钱",
   "reckless disregard for safety｜对安全的肆意漠视"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recklessly (adv.)",
   "recklessness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rash",
   "heedless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cautious",
   "prudent"
  ],
  "tip": "比careless更强调明知有风险仍不顾后果。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reckless"
 },
 {
  "w": "incineration",
  "uk": "/ɪnˌsɪnəˈreɪʃn/",
  "us": "/ɪnˌsɪnəˈreɪʃn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "焚化；焚烧",
    "en": "The process of burning waste until it becomes ash."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hospital sends certain waste away for incineration.",
    "zh": "医院把某些废弃物送到别处焚烧处理。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Waste incineration can generate electricity, but strict controls are needed to limit harmful emissions.",
    "zh": "垃圾焚烧可以发电，但需要严格管控以限制有害排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "waste incineration｜垃圾焚烧",
   "incineration plant｜焚烧厂",
   "incineration process｜焚烧过程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "incinerate (v.)",
   "incinerator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词，常用于垃圾处理话题。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "incineration"
 },
 {
  "w": "civilize",
  "uk": "/ˈsɪvəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈsɪvəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使文明；使有教养",
    "en": "to make people behave more politely or develop organized societies"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt jokes that dancing lessons will civilize me.",
    "zh": "姑妈开玩笑说，舞蹈课会让我变得有教养。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historical claims that foreign rule would civilize local populations often concealed unequal power relations and cultural prejudice.",
    "zh": "历史上所谓外来统治能使当地民众文明化的说法，往往掩盖了不平等的权力关系和文化偏见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "civilize society｜使社会文明化",
   "attempt to civilize｜试图教化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "civilization (n.)",
   "civilized (adj.)",
   "uncivilized (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "谈论民族时易带优越或殖民色彩；英式也拼 civilise。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "civilize"
 },
 {
  "w": "disuse",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈjuːs/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈjuːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "闲置；废弃不用",
    "en": "the state of no longer being used"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old garden tools had become rusty through disuse.",
    "zh": "那些旧园艺工具因长期闲置而生锈了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historic buildings often fall into disuse when maintenance costs exceed the resources available to local communities.",
    "zh": "当维护成本超出当地社区的财力时，历史建筑往往会被闲置。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fall into disuse｜逐渐废弃不用",
   "through disuse｜由于闲置",
   "years of disuse｜多年的闲置"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disused (adj.)",
   "use (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "non-use"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "use"
  ],
  "tip": "通常作不可数名词，词尾读/s/，不是/z/。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disuse"
 },
 {
  "w": "consecutive",
  "uk": "/kənˈsekjətɪv/",
  "us": "/kənˈsekjətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "连续的；接连的",
    "en": "following one after another without any interruption"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "It has rained for five consecutive days this week.",
    "zh": "这周已经连续下了五天雨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Several consecutive years of low rainfall have reduced agricultural output and increased pressure on regional water supplies.",
    "zh": "连续数年的降雨偏少导致农业产量下降，并加大了地区供水压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "consecutive days｜连续数天",
   "consecutive victories｜接连获胜",
   "for three consecutive years｜连续三年"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consecutively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "successive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "non-consecutive"
  ],
  "tip": "强调一个接一个、中间无间断，常修饰天数或次数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consecutive"
 },
 {
  "w": "cluster",
  "uk": "/ˈklʌstə/",
  "us": "/ˈklʌstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "簇；群；聚集体",
    "en": "a group of similar things positioned or occurring close together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "聚集；使聚集",
    "en": "to gather closely together or make things gather together"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A cluster of purple flowers grew beside the gate.",
    "zh": "大门旁长着一簇紫色的花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Technology companies often cluster near universities, where they can recruit skilled graduates and collaborate with researchers.",
    "zh": "科技公司往往聚集在大学附近，便于招聘技能娴熟的毕业生并与研究人员合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a cluster of｜一簇；一群",
   "cluster together｜聚在一起",
   "cluster around｜聚集在……周围",
   "industrial cluster｜产业集群"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clustered (adj.)",
   "clustering (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "group",
   "bunch"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调紧密聚集；a cluster of后常接复数名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cluster"
 },
 {
  "w": "tolerable",
  "uk": "/ˈtɒlərəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈtɑːlərəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可忍受的",
    "en": "unpleasant but possible to endure"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "尚可的；过得去的",
    "en": "acceptable in quality, though not particularly good"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The heat became tolerable once we opened the windows.",
    "zh": "我们打开窗户后，炎热就变得可以忍受了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved ventilation can keep classroom temperatures at tolerable levels without relying entirely on air conditioning.",
    "zh": "改善通风可以使教室温度保持在可忍受的水平，而不必完全依赖空调。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tolerable pain｜可忍受的疼痛",
   "tolerable level｜可接受的程度",
   "barely tolerable｜几乎难以忍受"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tolerate (v.)",
   "tolerably (adv.)",
   "intolerable (adj.)",
   "toleration (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bearable",
   "endurable",
   "acceptable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "intolerable",
   "unbearable"
  ],
  "tip": "tolerable指可忍受；tolerant指人宽容。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tolerable"
 },
 {
  "w": "filth",
  "uk": "/fɪlθ/",
  "us": "/fɪlθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "污垢；污物",
    "en": "thick or disgusting dirt"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "淫秽言辞；淫秽内容",
    "en": "sexual material or language considered extremely offensive"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My boots were covered in filth after the walk.",
    "zh": "散步回来后，我的靴子上沾满了污物。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without regular waste collection, filth can accumulate in residential areas and create serious public health risks.",
    "zh": "如果不定期收运垃圾，住宅区就可能积聚污物，造成严重的公共卫生风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "covered in filth｜满是污垢",
   "live in filth｜生活在污秽环境中",
   "accumulated filth｜积聚的污物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "filthy (adj.)",
   "filthiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grime",
   "dirt"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cleanliness"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数，比dirt语气强，常带厌恶感。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "filth"
 },
 {
  "w": "studious",
  "uk": "/ˈstjuːdiəs/",
  "us": "/ˈstuːdiəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "勤奋好学的",
    "en": "Spending much time studying and enjoying learning."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "刻意的；认真谨慎的",
    "en": "Done with deliberate care and close attention."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My studious roommate spends most evenings in the library.",
    "zh": "我那位勤奋好学的室友大多数晚上都在图书馆度过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Studious pupils benefit from quiet learning environments, but they also need opportunities for physical activity.",
    "zh": "勤奋好学的学生受益于安静的学习环境，但他们也需要参加体育活动的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a studious pupil｜勤奋好学的学生",
   "studious attention｜认真专注",
   "studious avoidance｜刻意回避"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "study (v.)",
   "study (n.)",
   "studiously (adv.)",
   "studiousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "diligent",
   "scholarly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容人多指勤学；studious avoidance指刻意回避。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "studious"
 },
 {
  "w": "forfeit",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːfɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrfɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "被罚失去；丧失",
    "en": "To lose something as a penalty for breaking a rule."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "罚金；惩罚",
    "en": "Something surrendered or done as a penalty, especially in games."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "被罚没的；丧失的",
    "en": "Lost or required to be surrendered as a penalty."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "If you cancel now, you will forfeit your deposit.",
    "zh": "如果你现在取消，押金就不退了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies that repeatedly violate environmental regulations should forfeit their right to operate until they meet the required standards.",
    "zh": "反复违反环境法规的企业应被取消经营资格，直至达到规定标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "forfeit a deposit｜损失押金",
   "forfeit the right to｜丧失……的权利",
   "pay a forfeit｜缴纳罚金",
   "forfeit a match｜被判比赛失利"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "forfeiture (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lose",
   "surrender"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "retain"
  ],
  "tip": "主语通常是失去财物者，而非执行没收的一方。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "forfeit"
 },
 {
  "w": "coil",
  "uk": "/kɔɪl/",
  "us": "/kɔɪl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "盘绕；卷成圈",
    "en": "to wind into a series of circles or rings"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一卷；线圈；盘管",
    "en": "a series of connected loops in wire, rope, or tubing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please coil the rope before putting it away.",
    "zh": "请先把绳子盘好再收起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers coil long pipes beneath buildings so that heat can be transferred efficiently from the ground.",
    "zh": "工程师在建筑物下方盘绕长管道，以便高效地传递地下热量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "coil a rope｜把绳子盘起来",
   "a coil of wire｜一卷金属丝",
   "a heating coil｜加热线圈",
   "coil around｜盘绕在……周围"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coiled (adj.)",
   "uncoil (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wind",
   "curl"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uncoil"
  ],
  "tip": "作动词可及物或不及物，强调绕成圈或螺旋。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coil"
 },
 {
  "w": "derivation",
  "uk": "/ˌderɪˈveɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌderəˈveɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "起源；词源",
    "en": "the origin of something, especially a word"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "派生；推导",
    "en": "the process of forming something from an existing source"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher explained the derivation of this unusual word.",
    "zh": "老师解释了这个不常见词的词源。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Understanding the derivation of scientific terms can help students recognise connections between concepts across different subjects.",
    "zh": "了解科学术语的来源有助于学生识别不同学科概念之间的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the derivation of a word｜一个词的词源",
   "word derivation｜词的派生",
   "the derivation of a formula｜公式的推导"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "derive (v.)",
   "derivative (n.)",
   "derivational (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "origin"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词搭配为derive A from B，意为A源自B。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "derivation"
 },
 {
  "w": "disloyalty",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈlɔɪəlti/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈlɔɪəlti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不忠；背信弃义",
    "en": "Failure to support someone or something you should remain faithful to"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sharing her friend's private messages was an act of disloyalty.",
    "zh": "分享朋友的私人消息是一种背信行为。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees should be able to raise legitimate concerns without their managers accusing them of disloyalty.",
    "zh": "员工应能提出合理的担忧，而不被管理者指责为不忠。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an act of disloyalty｜背信行为",
   "disloyalty to someone｜对某人不忠",
   "accuse someone of disloyalty｜指责某人不忠"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disloyal (adj.)",
   "loyal (adj.)",
   "loyalty (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unfaithfulness",
   "betrayal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "loyalty",
   "faithfulness"
  ],
  "tip": "是名词；形容词用disloyal，常接to。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disloyalty"
 },
 {
  "w": "worthy",
  "uk": "/ˈwɜːði/",
  "us": "/ˈwɝːði/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "值得的；配得上的",
    "en": "deserving a particular response, reward, or treatment"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "值得尊敬的；有价值的",
    "en": "good and deserving respect or support"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your thoughtful suggestion is worthy of serious consideration.",
    "zh": "你这个深思熟虑的建议值得认真考虑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community projects that improve access to education are worthy of sustained public investment.",
    "zh": "改善教育机会的社区项目值得获得持续的公共投资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "worthy of attention｜值得关注",
   "a worthy cause｜值得支持的事业",
   "worthy of respect｜值得尊敬"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "worth (n.)",
   "worthiness (n.)",
   "unworthy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deserving",
   "admirable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unworthy"
  ],
  "tip": "常用 worthy of；worth 后可直接接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "worthy"
 },
 {
  "w": "recipient",
  "uk": "/rɪˈsɪpiənt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈsɪpiənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "接受者；收件人",
    "en": "a person or organisation that receives something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The recipient smiled as she opened the unexpected gift.",
    "zh": "收到礼物的女子打开这份意外的礼物时笑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scholarship recipients often gain access to educational opportunities that would otherwise be beyond their financial means.",
    "zh": "奖学金获得者往往因此得到原本无力负担的教育机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the intended recipient｜预定接收人",
   "scholarship recipient｜奖学金获得者",
   "aid recipient｜援助接受者",
   "recipient of an award｜获奖者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "receive (v.)",
   "receipt (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "receiver"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sender"
  ],
  "tip": "常用recipient of sth；通常指接受者，不指容器。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recipient"
 },
 {
  "w": "recitation",
  "uk": "/ˌresɪˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌresəˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "朗诵；背诵",
    "en": "The act of saying a poem or passage aloud from memory."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her recitation of the poem moved everyone in the room.",
    "zh": "她朗诵的那首诗打动了屋里的每一个人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular recitation can help language learners improve pronunciation, although it should be combined with spontaneous conversation.",
    "zh": "经常朗诵能帮助语言学习者改善发音，但也应结合即兴对话练习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "poetry recitation｜诗歌朗诵",
   "recitation from memory｜脱稿背诵",
   "give a recitation｜进行朗诵"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recite (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "recitation指朗诵活动；动词用recite。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recitation"
 },
 {
  "w": "oblige",
  "uk": "/əˈblaɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/əˈblaɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "迫使；使负有义务",
    "en": "Require someone to act because of rules or circumstances"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "帮忙；满足请求",
    "en": "Help someone by doing what they ask"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sudden storm obliged us to stay indoors.",
    "zh": "突如其来的暴风雨迫使我们待在室内。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental regulations oblige manufacturers to reduce harmful emissions and report their progress to public authorities.",
    "zh": "环境法规要求制造商减少有害排放，并向政府部门报告进展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be obliged to do something｜不得不做某事",
   "happy to oblige｜乐意帮忙",
   "much obliged｜非常感激"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "obligation (n.)",
   "obligatory (adj.)",
   "obliging (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "compel",
   "require"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "be obliged to do表示被迫或有义务做某事。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oblige"
 },
 {
  "w": "adornment",
  "uk": "/əˈdɔːnmənt/",
  "us": "/əˈdɔːrnmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "装饰品",
    "en": "something worn or added to make something more attractive"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "装饰；装点",
    "en": "the act or practice of making something more attractive"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A silver brooch was her dress's only adornment.",
    "zh": "她的连衣裙上唯一的装饰是一枚银色胸针。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional jewellery often serves as personal adornment while also expressing cultural identity and social belonging.",
    "zh": "传统首饰常常既用于个人装饰，也表达文化身份和社会归属感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "personal adornment｜个人装饰",
   "simple adornment｜简单的装饰品",
   "without adornment｜不加装饰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adorn (v.)",
   "adorned (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "decoration",
   "ornament"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指具体装饰品时可数；指装饰行为或装饰整体时不可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adornment"
 },
 {
  "w": "shrewd",
  "uk": "/ʃruːd/",
  "us": "/ʃruːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "精明的；判断敏锐的",
    "en": "good at judging situations and making decisions that bring advantages"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That shrewd purchase saved us money on heating.",
    "zh": "那次明智的购买为我们节省了取暖费用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shrewd investment in renewable energy can help governments reduce future costs while improving national energy security.",
    "zh": "对可再生能源进行精明投资，可以帮助政府降低未来成本，同时提升国家能源安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a shrewd investor｜精明的投资者",
   "a shrewd judgement｜敏锐的判断",
   "a shrewd investment｜精明的投资"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shrewdly (adv.)",
   "shrewdness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "astute",
   "perceptive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "naive"
  ],
  "tip": "强调判断精明、善于谋利，不等于单纯聪明。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shrewd"
 },
 {
  "w": "avalanche",
  "uk": "/ˈævəlɑːnʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈævəlæntʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雪崩",
    "en": "A large mass of snow falling rapidly down a mountain."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "突然涌现的大量事物",
    "en": "A sudden arrival of an overwhelming amount of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mountain road was closed after an avalanche overnight.",
    "zh": "夜里发生雪崩后，那条山路被封闭了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Mountain communities need reliable warning systems to reduce the risks that avalanches pose to residents and visitors.",
    "zh": "山区社区需要可靠的预警系统，以降低雪崩对居民和游客构成的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "trigger an avalanche｜引发雪崩",
   "avalanche risk｜雪崩风险",
   "an avalanche of complaints｜大量涌来的投诉"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "an avalanche of后接复数或不可数名词，表示大量涌来。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "avalanche"
 },
 {
  "w": "consolation",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒnsəˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːnsəˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "安慰；慰藉",
    "en": "comfort received when you feel sad or disappointed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "令人宽慰的人或事",
    "en": "someone or something that makes disappointment easier to bear"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After losing the match, she found consolation in music.",
    "zh": "输掉比赛后，她从音乐中获得了慰藉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For workers facing unemployment, emotional support offers some consolation, but practical assistance remains essential for long-term recovery.",
    "zh": "对于面临失业的劳动者，情感支持能带来些许安慰，但实际援助对长期恢复仍至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "find consolation in｜从……中获得安慰",
   "a consolation prize｜安慰奖",
   "little consolation｜些许安慰",
   "some consolation｜一些慰藉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "console (v.)",
   "consoling (adj.)",
   "inconsolable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "comfort",
   "solace"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "安慰本身不可数；具体的安慰之事可用a consolation。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "consolation"
 },
 {
  "w": "migratory",
  "uk": "/maɪˈɡreɪtəri/",
  "us": "/ˈmaɪɡrətɔːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "迁徙的；迁移的",
    "en": "Moving between regions regularly, often with the seasons."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Migratory birds gather by the lake every spring.",
    "zh": "每年春天，候鸟都会聚集在湖边。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Protecting wetlands along migratory routes is essential because many bird species depend on these habitats for food and rest.",
    "zh": "保护迁徙路线沿途的湿地至关重要，因为许多鸟类依靠这些栖息地觅食和休息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "migratory birds｜候鸟",
   "migratory species｜迁徙物种",
   "migratory routes｜迁徙路线",
   "migratory patterns｜迁徙规律"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "migrate (v.)",
   "migration (n.)",
   "migrant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常形容鸟类等季节性迁徙，不等于漫无目的流浪。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "migratory"
 },
 {
  "w": "nourish",
  "uk": "/ˈnʌrɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈnɜːrɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "滋养；为……提供营养",
    "en": "to provide what a living thing needs to grow healthily"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "培养；助长",
    "en": "to support the growth of a feeling or idea"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These simple meals nourish us after long working days.",
    "zh": "忙碌一整天后，这些简单的饭菜为我们补充营养。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can nourish children's curiosity by encouraging questions and providing opportunities for independent exploration.",
    "zh": "学校可以通过鼓励提问和提供自主探索的机会来培养儿童的好奇心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "nourish the body｜滋养身体",
   "nourish the skin｜滋养皮肤",
   "nourish curiosity｜培养好奇心"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nourishment (n.)",
   "nourishing (adj.)",
   "undernourished (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "nurture",
   "sustain"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指提供营养，也可比喻培养希望、好奇心等。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nourish"
 },
 {
  "w": "ailment",
  "uk": "/ˈeɪlmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈeɪlmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "疾病；小病",
    "en": "An illness, especially one that is not serious."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pharmacist suggested a remedy for my stomach ailment.",
    "zh": "药剂师为我的胃部不适推荐了一种药。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Treating minor ailments at local clinics can reduce pressure on hospitals and improve access to healthcare.",
    "zh": "在社区诊所治疗小病能减轻医院压力，并让人们更方便地获得医疗服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "minor ailment｜小病",
   "common ailments｜常见疾病",
   "treat an ailment｜治疗疾病"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ail (v.)",
   "ailing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "illness",
   "disorder"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，通常指小病，常搭配 minor。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ailment"
 },
 {
  "w": "withstand",
  "uk": "/wɪðˈstænd/",
  "us": "/wɪðˈstænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "承受；抵挡；经受住",
    "en": "To resist damage or remain strong under pressure"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These boots can withstand rain, mud, and rough paths.",
    "zh": "这双靴子经得起雨水、泥泞和崎岖道路的考验。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal infrastructure must be designed to withstand stronger storms as climate change increases the frequency of extreme weather.",
    "zh": "随着气候变化使极端天气更加频繁，沿海基础设施的设计必须能抵御更强的风暴。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "withstand pressure｜承受压力",
   "withstand extreme temperatures｜耐受极端温度",
   "withstand strong winds｜抵御强风"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "resist",
   "endure"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为withstood；后直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "withstand"
 },
 {
  "w": "plausible",
  "uk": "/ˈplɔːzəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈplɔːzəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "貌似合理的；可信的",
    "en": "Seeming reasonable or likely to be true"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His explanation sounded plausible, but I still checked.",
    "zh": "他的解释听起来很合理，但我还是核实了一下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although remote working offers a plausible solution to congestion, its long-term effects require further investigation.",
    "zh": "虽然远程办公似乎是缓解拥堵的合理方案，但其长期影响仍需进一步研究。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plausible explanation｜看似合理的解释",
   "plausible excuse｜听起来可信的借口",
   "plausible solution｜看似可行的解决方案"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plausibility (n.)",
   "plausibly (adv.)",
   "implausible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "believable",
   "credible"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "implausible",
   "unbelievable"
  ],
  "tip": "表示听起来合理，不保证真实，也不一定暗指虚假。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plausible"
 },
 {
  "w": "ingenuity",
  "uk": "/ˌɪndʒəˈnjuːəti/",
  "us": "/ˌɪndʒəˈnuːəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "独创力；巧思",
    "en": "the ability to solve problems in clever, original ways"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "With some ingenuity, Lina turned old crates into shelves.",
    "zh": "莉娜巧妙地把旧板条箱改成了架子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Human ingenuity can help communities develop affordable solutions to water shortages using locally available materials.",
    "zh": "人类的巧思能帮助社区利用当地材料，开发经济实惠的缺水应对方案。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "human ingenuity｜人类的创造才智",
   "show ingenuity｜展现巧思",
   "a feat of ingenuity｜独具匠心的成就"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ingenious (adj.)",
   "ingeniously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inventiveness",
   "resourcefulness"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "对应形容词ingenious；别与意为天真的ingenuous混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ingenuity"
 },
 {
  "w": "solidarity",
  "uk": "/ˌsɒlɪˈdærəti/",
  "us": "/ˌsɑːləˈdærəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "团结；相互支持",
    "en": "Unity and mutual support among people with shared interests."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Neighbours showed solidarity by repairing the damaged playground together.",
    "zh": "邻居们一起修复受损的游乐场，体现了团结精神。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community projects can strengthen social solidarity by bringing residents from different backgrounds together to solve shared problems.",
    "zh": "社区项目能让不同背景的居民共同解决问题，从而增强社会凝聚力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "show solidarity with｜表示支持",
   "in solidarity with｜与……团结一致",
   "social solidarity｜社会团结"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "solidary (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unity",
   "togetherness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "division"
  ],
  "tip": "常接with，表示与某人或群体团结一致。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "solidarity"
 },
 {
  "w": "sectional",
  "uk": "/ˈsekʃənəl/",
  "us": "/ˈsekʃənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "组合式的；分段的",
    "en": "Made of separate sections that can be joined together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "局部的；特定群体的",
    "en": "Relating to one group or part rather than the whole"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We rearranged our sectional sofa to face the window.",
    "zh": "我们重新摆放了组合沙发，让它朝向窗户。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should balance sectional interests with the broader needs of society when designing public policies.",
    "zh": "政府制定公共政策时，应平衡特定群体的利益与社会的整体需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sectional sofa｜组合沙发",
   "sectional furniture｜组合家具",
   "sectional interests｜局部利益",
   "sectional view｜剖视图"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "section (n.)",
   "section (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "家具中指组合式；sectional interests指特定群体利益。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sectional"
 },
 {
  "w": "regeneration",
  "uk": "/rɪˌdʒenəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/rɪˌdʒenəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "复兴；更新改造",
    "en": "the process of improving a place or system in decline"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "再生；重新生长",
    "en": "the process of growing new tissue to replace damaged parts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The neighbourhood's regeneration brought new shops to our street.",
    "zh": "街区改造让我们这条街有了新商店。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban regeneration can create employment, but rising rents may force existing residents to leave their neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "城市更新能够创造就业机会，但租金上涨可能迫使原有居民搬离所在街区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "urban regeneration｜城市更新",
   "economic regeneration｜经济复兴",
   "tissue regeneration｜组织再生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "regenerate (v.)",
   "regenerative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "renewal",
   "revival"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "城市话题指更新改造；生物学中指组织再生。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "regeneration"
 },
 {
  "w": "defiant",
  "uk": "/dɪˈfaɪ.ənt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈfaɪ.ənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "公然反抗的；不服从的",
    "en": "Openly refusing to obey someone or accept their authority"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The defiant child folded her arms and refused to leave.",
    "zh": "那个不肯听话的孩子抱着双臂，拒绝离开。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents remained defiant when officials proposed closing the community centre, organising peaceful gatherings to oppose the decision.",
    "zh": "官员提议关闭社区中心时，居民仍不肯屈服，组织和平集会反对这一决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a defiant attitude｜反抗的态度",
   "remain defiant｜仍不屈服",
   "a defiant gesture｜反抗的姿态"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "defy (v.)",
   "defiance (n.)",
   "defiantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rebellious",
   "disobedient"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "obedient",
   "compliant"
  ],
  "tip": "核心是不服从权威，不只是说话无礼。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "defiant"
 },
 {
  "w": "mane",
  "uk": "/meɪn/",
  "us": "/meɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "鬃毛",
    "en": "long thick hair around an animal's neck or head"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "浓密的长发",
    "en": "a person's long thick hair"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She gently brushed the pony's mane before their ride.",
    "zh": "骑马前，她轻轻梳理了小马的鬃毛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A male lion's mane can provide researchers with clues about its health and physical condition.",
    "zh": "雄狮的鬃毛可以为研究人员判断其健康和身体状况提供线索。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a lion's mane｜狮子的鬃毛",
   "a horse's mane｜马鬃",
   "a thick mane｜浓密的鬃毛",
   "a mane of hair｜一头浓密长发"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mane与main同音；前者指鬃毛或浓密长发。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mane"
 },
 {
  "w": "tonic",
  "uk": "/ˈtɒnɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈtɑːnɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "滋补剂；补药",
    "en": "A medicine intended to improve general health or energy"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "使人振奋的事物",
    "en": "Something that makes you feel happier or more energetic"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汤力水",
    "en": "A fizzy drink with a bitter taste from quinine"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pharmacist suggested a tonic for my persistent tiredness.",
    "zh": "药剂师建议我服用一种补剂来缓解持续的疲倦。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular access to green spaces can act as a tonic for residents facing the pressures of urban life.",
    "zh": "经常接触绿地能让承受城市生活压力的居民感到振奋。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a herbal tonic｜草本滋补剂",
   "a tonic for the mind｜振奋精神的事物",
   "tonic water｜汤力水"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比喻用法常见a tonic for，指让人振奋的事物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tonic"
 },
 {
  "w": "majesty",
  "uk": "/ˈmædʒəsti/",
  "us": "/ˈmædʒəsti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雄伟；壮丽；威严",
    "en": "Impressive beauty, grandeur, or dignity that inspires admiration."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "陛下",
    "en": "A title used when addressing or referring to a monarch."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We stood silently, amazed by the majesty of the mountains.",
    "zh": "我们静静地站着，为群山的雄伟所震撼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors drawn by the majesty of ancient temples can generate income for local conservation projects.",
    "zh": "被古寺的庄严壮丽吸引而来的游客能为当地保护项目带来收入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the majesty of nature｜大自然的壮丽",
   "Your Majesty｜陛下（当面称呼）",
   "His Majesty｜国王陛下"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "majestic (adj.)",
   "majestically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grandeur",
   "splendour"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“陛下”的称号时首字母大写：Majesty。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "majesty"
 },
 {
  "w": "stirring",
  "uk": "/ˈstɜːrɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈstɝːɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "振奋人心的；激动人心的",
    "en": "Causing strong feelings, especially excitement, courage, or admiration."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "萌动；初现的迹象",
    "en": "An early sign of a feeling, idea, or activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The orchestra ended the concert with a stirring march.",
    "zh": "管弦乐团以一首振奋人心的进行曲结束了音乐会。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A stirring speech can inspire community action, but lasting change also requires practical support and adequate funding.",
    "zh": "振奋人心的演讲可以激发社区行动，但持久的改变还需要实际支持和充足资金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a stirring speech｜振奋人心的演讲",
   "a stirring performance｜激动人心的演出",
   "the first stirrings of hope｜希望的最初萌动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stir (v.)",
   "stirred (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rousing",
   "inspiring"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uninspiring"
  ],
  "tip": "名词表“萌动”常用复数，如stirrings of hope。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stirring"
 },
 {
  "w": "condemnation",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒndemˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːndemˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "强烈谴责",
    "en": "An expression of strong disapproval"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "判刑；宣告不宜使用",
    "en": "An official judgment imposing punishment or declaring something unsafe"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His cruel remarks drew condemnation from everyone at dinner.",
    "zh": "他刻薄的话遭到了所有同桌用餐者的谴责。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The destruction of protected forests has attracted widespread condemnation from environmental groups and local communities.",
    "zh": "破坏受保护森林的行为引起了环保团体和当地社区的广泛谴责。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "widespread condemnation｜广泛谴责",
   "strong condemnation｜强烈谴责",
   "draw condemnation｜招致谴责",
   "condemnation of violence｜对暴力的谴责"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "condemn (v.)",
   "condemnable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "denunciation",
   "censure"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "approval",
   "praise"
  ],
  "tip": "常用condemnation of sth；比criticism语气更强。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "condemnation"
 },
 {
  "w": "ensue",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈsjuː/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈsuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "随后发生；因而发生",
    "en": "To happen after something, often as its result."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A lively discussion ensued after dinner at our house.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，我们家展开了一场热烈的讨论。"
   },
   {
    "en": "If public services fail to meet growing demand, widespread dissatisfaction may ensue among local residents.",
    "zh": "如果公共服务无法满足不断增长的需求，当地居民可能随之产生普遍的不满。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "chaos ensues｜随之陷入混乱",
   "a debate ensues｜随后展开辩论",
   "ensue from｜因……而发生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ensuing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "follow",
   "result"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用语，不及物；不表示“追求”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ensue"
 },
 {
  "w": "meteorology",
  "uk": "/ˌmiːtiəˈrɒlədʒi/",
  "us": "/ˌmiːtiəˈrɑːlədʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "气象学",
    "en": "The scientific study of weather and the atmosphere."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister studies meteorology and loves watching storm clouds.",
    "zh": "我姐姐学习气象学，喜欢观察暴风雨云。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in meteorology allow coastal communities to prepare more effectively for severe storms and flooding.",
    "zh": "气象学的进步使沿海社区能够更有效地应对强风暴和洪灾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "study meteorology｜学习气象学",
   "a degree in meteorology｜气象学学位",
   "advances in meteorology｜气象学的进展"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "meteorologist (n.)",
   "meteorological (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；研究天气，不是研究流星。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meteorology"
 },
 {
  "w": "warrant",
  "uk": "/ˈwɒrənt/",
  "us": "/ˈwɔːrənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "搜查令；逮捕令",
    "en": "An official document allowing police to take a particular action."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使有必要；足以支持",
    "en": "To make a particular action necessary or reasonable."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "正当理由；依据",
    "en": "A good reason or justification for something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The officers obtained a warrant before searching the apartment.",
    "zh": "警员在搜查这套公寓前取得了搜查令。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The potential environmental risks warrant further investigation before the government approves construction of the new industrial facility.",
    "zh": "在政府批准建设新的工业设施之前，潜在的环境风险值得进一步调查。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a search warrant｜搜查令",
   "an arrest warrant｜逮捕令",
   "warrant further investigation｜值得进一步调查",
   "without warrant｜没有正当理由"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "warranted (adj.)",
   "unwarranted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常指值得或有必要，如warrant attention。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "warrant"
 },
 {
  "w": "panoramic",
  "uk": "/ˌpænəˈræmɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌpænəˈræmɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "全景的；视野开阔的",
    "en": "showing a wide view of a large surrounding area"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our balcony offers panoramic views of the harbour.",
    "zh": "从我们的阳台可以俯瞰港口全景。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hotels with panoramic coastal views can attract tourists while increasing pressure on sensitive marine environments.",
    "zh": "拥有海岸全景的酒店能吸引游客，但也会增加脆弱海洋环境承受的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "panoramic view｜全景",
   "panoramic photograph｜全景照片",
   "panoramic windows｜全景窗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "panorama (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常修饰view，强调能看到广阔的周围景色。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "panoramic"
 },
 {
  "w": "martial",
  "uk": "/ˈmɑːʃəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmɑːrʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "军事的；战争的",
    "en": "Related to war, soldiers, or military life."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The band played martial music as soldiers marched past.",
    "zh": "士兵列队走过时，乐队奏起了军乐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although martial arts originated as fighting techniques, many people now practise them for fitness and self-discipline.",
    "zh": "虽然武术起源于格斗技巧，如今许多人练习武术是为了健身和培养自律。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "martial arts｜武术",
   "martial law｜戒严",
   "martial music｜军乐"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "military"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "martial是军事的；marital是婚姻的，勿混。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "martial"
 },
 {
  "w": "navigable",
  "uk": "/ˈnævɪɡəbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈnævɪɡəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可通航的",
    "en": "Deep and wide enough for boats or ships to travel through."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "易于浏览的；可穿行的",
    "en": "Possible or easy to find your way through."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The river is only navigable during the rainy season.",
    "zh": "这条河只有在雨季才能通航。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A clearly organised and easily navigable website can improve access to essential public services.",
    "zh": "结构清晰、易于浏览的网站可以让公众更方便地获取基本公共服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "navigable river｜可通航的河流",
   "navigable waterways｜可通航水道",
   "easily navigable website｜易于浏览的网站"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "navigate (v.)",
   "navigation (n.)",
   "navigator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unnavigable"
  ],
  "tip": "常形容河流或水道；船舶“适航”用seaworthy。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "navigable"
 },
 {
  "w": "reap",
  "uk": "/riːp/",
  "us": "/riːp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "获得；收获成果",
    "en": "to receive results or rewards from previous actions"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "收割庄稼",
    "en": "to cut and gather a crop when it is ready"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After months of practice, she finally reaped the rewards.",
    "zh": "经过几个月的练习，她终于收获了回报。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Countries that invest consistently in early education often reap long-term economic and social benefits.",
    "zh": "持续投资幼儿教育的国家往往能获得长期的经济和社会效益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reap the benefits｜获得益处",
   "reap the rewards｜收获回报",
   "reap a harvest｜收获庄稼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reaper (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "gain",
   "harvest"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "抽象义常搭配benefits或rewards，强调付出后的收获。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reap"
 },
 {
  "w": "ore",
  "uk": "/ɔː/",
  "us": "/ɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "矿石",
    "en": "rock containing metal or other valuable substances that can be extracted"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The truck carried iron ore down the dusty road.",
    "zh": "卡车沿着尘土飞扬的道路运送铁矿石。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Extracting metals from ore requires substantial energy and can cause serious damage to surrounding ecosystems.",
    "zh": "从矿石中提取金属需要大量能源，并可能严重破坏周边生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "iron ore｜铁矿石",
   "copper ore｜铜矿石",
   "ore deposits｜矿床",
   "extract metal from ore｜从矿石中提取金属"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "ore是含有可提取物质的矿石，不等于metal。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ore"
 },
 {
  "w": "colonial",
  "uk": "/kəˈləʊniəl/",
  "us": "/kəˈloʊniəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "殖民的；殖民地的",
    "en": "relating to a territory controlled by a foreign country"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our guide showed us several buildings from the colonial period.",
    "zh": "导游带我们参观了几座殖民时期的建筑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Colonial rule often reshaped local economies by directing agricultural production towards the needs of distant markets.",
    "zh": "殖民统治常使农业生产转而满足遥远市场的需求，从而重塑当地经济。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "colonial rule｜殖民统治",
   "colonial period｜殖民时期",
   "colonial powers｜殖民列强",
   "colonial legacy｜殖民遗产"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "colony (n.)",
   "colonialism (n.)",
   "colonize (v.)",
   "colonization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "colony是殖民地；colonial是对应形容词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "colonial"
 },
 {
  "w": "encircle",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈsɜːkl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈsɝːkl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "环绕；包围",
    "en": "To form a circle around someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Tall trees encircle the small pond behind our house.",
    "zh": "高大的树木环绕着我们屋后的小池塘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Green belts that encircle urban areas can protect wildlife habitats and limit uncontrolled development.",
    "zh": "环绕城区的绿化带可以保护野生动物栖息地，并限制无序开发。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be encircled by mountains｜被群山环绕",
   "encircle the city｜环绕城市",
   "encircle with a fence｜用围栏围住"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "encirclement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "surround",
   "enclose"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词；被环绕常用be encircled by。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "encircle"
 },
 {
  "w": "pending",
  "uk": "/ˈpendɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈpendɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "待定的；待处理的",
    "en": "Waiting for a decision or for something to happen"
   },
   {
    "pos": "prep.",
    "zh": "在等待…期间；直到…为止",
    "en": "Until something happens or while waiting for it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our application is still pending, so we cannot book flights.",
    "zh": "我们的申请仍在审批中，所以还不能订机票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Construction should remain suspended pending a thorough assessment of its potential impact on the surrounding environment.",
    "zh": "在全面评估施工对周边环境的潜在影响之前，工程应继续暂停。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pending approval｜等待批准",
   "a pending application｜待处理的申请",
   "pending investigation｜等待调查"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "unresolved",
   "undecided"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "resolved",
   "settled"
  ],
  "tip": "核心是尚未决定或完成，不要误当作urgent（紧迫的）。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pending"
 },
 {
  "w": "console",
  "uk": "/kənˈsəʊl/",
  "us": "/kənˈsoʊl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "安慰；慰藉",
    "en": "To comfort someone who feels sad or disappointed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "控制台；游戏机",
    "en": "A control unit for equipment, or a machine for video games."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Lena tried to console her brother after his team lost.",
    "zh": "弟弟的球队输了比赛后，莉娜试着安慰他。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers should console disappointed students while helping them develop practical strategies for improving their academic performance.",
    "zh": "教师应安慰失落的学生，同时帮助他们制定切实可行的策略来提高学习成绩。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "console someone｜安慰某人",
   "console yourself with｜用……安慰自己",
   "games console｜游戏机",
   "control console｜控制台"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "consolation (n.)",
   "consoling (adj.)",
   "inconsolable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "comfort",
   "soothe"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词重音在后；名词重音在前，英音/ˈkɒnsəʊl/。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "console"
 },
 {
  "w": "terminate",
  "uk": "/ˈtɜːmɪneɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈtɝːməneɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "终止；结束",
    "en": "To end something, or to come to an end."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "到达终点",
    "en": "For a transport service, to reach its final stop."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We decided to terminate our gym membership last month.",
    "zh": "我们上个月决定终止健身房会员资格。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employers should not terminate contracts without providing clear reasons and allowing workers sufficient time to respond.",
    "zh": "雇主终止合同时，应提供明确理由，并给予员工充足的回应时间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "terminate a contract｜终止合同",
   "terminate employment｜终止雇佣关系",
   "terminate at a station｜在某站终到"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "termination (n.)",
   "terminal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "end",
   "discontinue"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "begin",
   "continue"
  ],
  "tip": "正式用词；可及物或不及物，列车终到用at。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "terminate"
 },
 {
  "w": "specimen",
  "uk": "/ˈspesɪmən/",
  "us": "/ˈspesəmən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "标本；样本",
    "en": "An individual animal, plant, or object collected for scientific study."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "检验样本",
    "en": "A small amount of bodily material taken for medical testing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum keeps this butterfly specimen behind glass.",
    "zh": "博物馆将这件蝴蝶标本保存在玻璃罩内。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers examined each plant specimen to assess how prolonged drought had affected its growth.",
    "zh": "研究人员检查了每份植物样本，以评估长期干旱对其生长的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "collect a specimen｜采集标本",
   "a plant specimen｜植物标本",
   "a urine specimen｜尿液样本"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "sample"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "specimen多指供研究或检验的样本，不泛指任何例子。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "specimen"
 },
 {
  "w": "ruthless",
  "uk": "/ˈruːθləs/",
  "us": "/ˈruːθləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冷酷无情的；残忍的",
    "en": "Determined to succeed without caring about harm caused to others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The ruthless landlord evicted the family without any warning.",
    "zh": "那个冷酷无情的房东毫无预警地赶走了这家人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ruthless competition may encourage companies to cut labour costs at the expense of employee welfare.",
    "zh": "残酷的竞争可能促使企业以牺牲员工福利为代价来削减用工成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ruthless competition｜残酷的竞争",
   "ruthless ambition｜不择手段的野心",
   "a ruthless leader｜冷酷无情的领导者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ruthlessly (adv.)",
   "ruthlessness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "merciless",
   "pitiless",
   "relentless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "compassionate",
   "merciful"
  ],
  "tip": "比strict更强，强调为达目的而不顾他人感受或利益。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ruthless"
 },
 {
  "w": "taxation",
  "uk": "/tækˈseɪʃən/",
  "us": "/tækˈseɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "征税；税制",
    "en": "The system or process of collecting money through taxes."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Taxation helps pay for our local schools and roads.",
    "zh": "税收为我们当地的学校和道路提供资金。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Progressive taxation can reduce income inequality by requiring wealthier citizens to contribute a larger proportion of their earnings.",
    "zh": "累进税制要求较富裕的公民缴纳更高比例的收入，有助于缩小收入差距。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "progressive taxation｜累进税制",
   "direct taxation｜直接征税",
   "double taxation｜双重征税",
   "taxation policy｜税收政策"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tax (n.)",
   "tax (v.)",
   "taxable (adj.)",
   "taxpayer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "taxation通常不可数，侧重征税制度或过程。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "taxation"
 },
 {
  "w": "turbine",
  "uk": "/ˈtɜːbaɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈtɝːbaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "涡轮机；透平",
    "en": "A machine whose blades turn when pushed by moving fluid."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the wind turbine turning slowly above the fields.",
    "zh": "我们看着风力涡轮机在田野上方缓缓转动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Installing offshore wind turbines can increase renewable electricity generation, although potential impacts on marine ecosystems require careful assessment.",
    "zh": "安装海上风力涡轮机可以增加可再生能源发电量，不过其对海洋生态系统的潜在影响需要仔细评估。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wind turbine｜风力涡轮机",
   "steam turbine｜蒸汽轮机",
   "gas turbine｜燃气轮机",
   "turbine blade｜涡轮叶片"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "重音在首音节；wind turbine指风力涡轮机。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "turbine"
 },
 {
  "w": "deficit",
  "uk": "/ˈdefɪsɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈdefɪsɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赤字；亏空",
    "en": "the amount by which spending exceeds income"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "不足；缺额",
    "en": "a shortage of something needed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our club faces a deficit after buying new equipment.",
    "zh": "购买新设备后，我们俱乐部出现了资金缺口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments may reduce a budget deficit by raising taxes, but this can slow economic growth.",
    "zh": "政府可以通过增税减少预算赤字，但这可能减缓经济增长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "budget deficit｜预算赤字",
   "trade deficit｜贸易逆差",
   "reduce the deficit｜减少赤字"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "shortfall"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "surplus"
  ],
  "tip": "赤字用deficit；债务用debt，二者不同。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deficit"
 },
 {
  "w": "importation",
  "uk": "/ˌɪmpɔːˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪmpɔːrˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "进口；输入",
    "en": "the process of bringing goods into a country from abroad"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The importation of fresh fruit requires careful temperature control.",
    "zh": "进口新鲜水果需要严格控制温度。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restrictions on the importation of agricultural products may protect local farmers but increase food prices for consumers.",
    "zh": "限制农产品进口可能保护本地农民，却也会提高消费者购买食品的价格。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "importation of goods｜商品进口",
   "restrict importation｜限制进口",
   "illegal importation｜非法进口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "import (v.)",
   "importer (n.)",
   "imported (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "exportation"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式，通常不可数；常用the importation of。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "importation"
 },
 {
  "w": "intent",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtent/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "意图；目的",
    "en": "What someone plans or means to do."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "专注的；全神贯注的",
    "en": "Giving all your attention to something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "决意的；坚决的",
    "en": "Firmly determined to do or achieve something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My intent was to help, not to interrupt you.",
    "zh": "我本意是帮忙，而不是打断你。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many governments are intent on reducing traffic congestion through investment in reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "许多政府决心通过投资可靠的公共交通来减少交通拥堵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "with the intent of｜怀着……的目的",
   "intent on doing something｜决意做某事",
   "an intent gaze｜专注的凝视",
   "a statement of intent｜意向声明"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intend (v.)",
   "intention (n.)",
   "intentional (adj.)",
   "intently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "purpose",
   "intention"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "intent on后接名词或动名词，表示专注或决意。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intent"
 },
 {
  "w": "arbitrary",
  "uk": "/ˈɑːbɪtrəri/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːrbɪtreri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "任意的；无明确依据的",
    "en": "based on chance or personal choice rather than clear reasons"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "专断的；武断的",
    "en": "using power according to personal wishes rather than fair rules"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her choice felt arbitrary: she picked without even looking.",
    "zh": "她的选择显得很随意：她连看都没看就选了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Arbitrary restrictions on university admissions can prevent capable students from accessing education and may reinforce existing social inequalities.",
    "zh": "大学招生中缺乏合理依据的限制可能让有能力的学生无法入学，并加剧现有的社会不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an arbitrary decision｜武断的决定",
   "an arbitrary limit｜随意设定的限制",
   "arbitrary power｜专断权力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "arbitrarily (adv.)",
   "arbitrariness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "random",
   "capricious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reasoned"
  ],
  "tip": "重点是缺乏合理依据，不只是“可以自由选择”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arbitrary"
 },
 {
  "w": "recital",
  "uk": "/rɪˈsaɪtəl/",
  "us": "/rɪˈsaɪtəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "独奏会；独唱会",
    "en": "A musical performance given by one person or a small group."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "详述；逐一列举",
    "en": "A spoken account describing a series of facts or events."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her first piano recital drew a small but enthusiastic audience.",
    "zh": "她的首场钢琴独奏会吸引了人数不多却十分热情的观众。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular opportunities to give a recital can help music students develop confidence and improve their performance skills.",
    "zh": "定期举办独奏会的机会可以帮助音乐专业学生建立信心并提高演奏技巧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a piano recital｜钢琴独奏会",
   "give a recital｜举办独奏会",
   "a recital of facts｜事实的逐一陈述"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "recite (v.)",
   "recitation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "音乐语境多指独奏或独唱，不等于大型演唱会。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recital"
 },
 {
  "w": "limp",
  "uk": "/lɪmp/",
  "us": "/lɪmp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "跛行；一瘸一拐地走",
    "en": "To walk unevenly because one leg or foot is hurt"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "跛行",
    "en": "An uneven way of walking caused by an affected leg"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无力的；软塌塌的",
    "en": "Not firm or stiff; lacking strength or support"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I had to limp home after twisting my ankle.",
    "zh": "扭伤脚踝后，我只好一瘸一拐地走回家。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Athletes who continue to limp after an injury should receive professional assessment before returning to competitive sport.",
    "zh": "受伤后仍然跛行的运动员应先接受专业评估，再重返竞技运动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "walk with a limp｜一瘸一拐地走",
   "limp along｜跛行前进",
   "go limp｜变得软弱无力",
   "a limp handshake｜无力的握手"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "limply (adv.)",
   "limpness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hobble"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词指跛行；作形容词指无力或软塌塌。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "limp"
 },
 {
  "w": "tropic",
  "uk": "/ˈtrɒpɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈtrɑːpɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "回归线",
    "en": "Either of two imaginary circles marking Earth's tropical boundaries."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "热带地区",
    "en": "The hot region between these circles, called the tropics."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our guide pointed to the northern tropic on a globe.",
    "zh": "导游指了指地球仪上的北回归线。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Communities in the tropics often depend on seasonal rainfall to sustain agriculture and maintain reliable freshwater supplies.",
    "zh": "热带地区的社区往往依赖季节性降雨来维持农业生产和稳定的淡水供应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "Tropic of Cancer｜北回归线",
   "Tropic of Capricorn｜南回归线",
   "in the tropics｜在热带地区"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tropical (adj.)",
   "subtropical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "回归线用单数；热带地区固定用the tropics。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tropic"
 },
 {
  "w": "delude",
  "uk": "/dɪˈluːd/",
  "us": "/dɪˈluːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "欺骗；使产生错觉",
    "en": "Make someone believe something that is not true."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Don't delude yourself into thinking the work is finished.",
    "zh": "别自欺欺人地以为工作已经完成了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policymakers should not delude themselves into believing that economic growth alone will eliminate poverty and social inequality.",
    "zh": "政策制定者不应自欺欺人地认为，仅靠经济增长就能消除贫困和社会不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "delude yourself｜自欺欺人",
   "delude someone into believing｜使某人误信"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "delusion (n.)",
   "deluded (adj.)",
   "delusional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "deceive",
   "mislead"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用delude oneself into doing，指自欺欺人地做某事。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "delude"
 },
 {
  "w": "fumble",
  "uk": "/ˈfʌmbl/",
  "us": "/ˈfʌmbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "笨拙地摸索；乱摸",
    "en": "To search for or handle something with awkward hand movements."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "失手漏接；笨拙处理",
    "en": "To fail to hold something or deal with something smoothly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I fumbled for my keys in the dark hallway.",
    "zh": "我在漆黑的走廊里摸索着找钥匙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Users often fumble with unfamiliar controls, highlighting the importance of intuitive design in public transport systems.",
    "zh": "使用者操作不熟悉的控制装置时常常手忙脚乱，这凸显了公共交通系统中直观设计的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fumble for keys｜摸索着找钥匙",
   "fumble with a lock｜笨手笨脚地摆弄锁",
   "fumble the ball｜失手漏接球"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fumbling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "fumble for表示摸索寻找；with表示笨拙摆弄。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fumble"
 },
 {
  "w": "savage",
  "uk": "/ˈsævɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈsævɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "凶猛的；残酷的",
    "en": "Extremely violent, fierce, or cruel."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严厉的；猛烈的",
    "en": "Extremely harsh or severe."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猛烈攻击；严厉批评",
    "en": "To attack violently or criticize someone very harshly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The documentary showed a savage fight between two wolves.",
    "zh": "这部纪录片展现了两只狼之间的激烈搏斗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposed reduction in education funding attracted savage criticism from teachers and parents across the country.",
    "zh": "削减教育经费的提议遭到了全国教师和家长的严厉批评。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "savage attack｜凶猛的攻击",
   "savage criticism｜严厉的批评",
   "savage cuts｜大幅削减"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "savagely (adv.)",
   "savagery (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fierce",
   "brutal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "gentle"
  ],
  "tip": "勿用作名词称呼族群，有贬损和冒犯意味。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "作名词指人，尤其指族群时，具有冒犯性。",
  "id": "savage"
 },
 {
  "w": "invaluable",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvæljuəbl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvæljuəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极有用的；极宝贵的",
    "en": "Extremely useful or valuable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your advice was invaluable when I bought my first bicycle.",
    "zh": "我买第一辆自行车时，你的建议帮了大忙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Practical work experience provides students with invaluable insights into the skills employers expect from new graduates.",
    "zh": "实际工作经验能帮助学生深入了解雇主对新毕业生技能的期望，这种了解十分宝贵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "invaluable advice｜宝贵的建议",
   "an invaluable resource｜极有用的资源",
   "prove invaluable｜证明极有价值"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "value (n.)",
   "value (v.)",
   "valuable (adj.)",
   "valuation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "precious",
   "priceless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "worthless"
  ],
  "tip": "invaluable意为极宝贵，不是没有价值。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "invaluable"
 },
 {
  "w": "cease",
  "uk": "/siːs/",
  "us": "/siːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "停止；终止",
    "en": "to stop happening or doing something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bells finally ceased ringing just before midnight.",
    "zh": "临近午夜时，钟声终于停了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Factories should cease discharging untreated wastewater into rivers to protect aquatic ecosystems and safeguard public health.",
    "zh": "工厂应停止向河流排放未经处理的废水，以保护水生生态系统和公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cease operations｜停止运营",
   "cease to exist｜不复存在",
   "cease production｜停止生产",
   "cease trading｜停止营业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cessation (n.)",
   "ceaseless (adj.)",
   "ceaselessly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "stop",
   "discontinue"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "continue",
   "begin"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式；后可接动名词或to do，均表示停止。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cease"
 },
 {
  "w": "gratify",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrætɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈɡrætɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使高兴；使满意",
    "en": "to give someone pleasure or satisfaction"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "满足欲望或需求",
    "en": "to satisfy a desire or need"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your kind words will gratify everyone who helped today.",
    "zh": "你的暖心话会让今天所有帮忙的人感到欣慰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policies that gratify immediate consumer desires may conflict with the need to protect resources for future generations.",
    "zh": "满足消费者眼前欲望的政策，可能与为后代保护资源的需要相冲突。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "gratify a desire｜满足欲望",
   "gratify curiosity｜满足好奇心",
   "be gratified by｜因……而欣慰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gratification (n.)",
   "gratifying (adj.)",
   "gratified (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "please",
   "satisfy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "displease",
   "dissatisfy"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式；常用be gratified by表示因某事欣慰。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gratify"
 },
 {
  "w": "eventful",
  "uk": "/ɪˈventfəl/",
  "us": "/ɪˈventfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多事的；经历丰富的",
    "en": "Full of important, interesting, or unexpected events."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After an eventful morning, we finally sat down for lunch.",
    "zh": "经历了状况不断的一上午后，我们终于坐下来吃午饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An eventful period of political reform transformed the country's education system and expanded access to schooling.",
    "zh": "一段大事频发的政治改革时期改变了该国的教育体系，并扩大了入学机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an eventful day｜事情很多的一天",
   "an eventful journey｜状况不断的旅程",
   "an eventful life｜经历丰富的一生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "event (n.)",
   "uneventful (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "uneventful"
  ],
  "tip": "指发生许多值得注意的事，不一定都是坏事。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eventful"
 },
 {
  "w": "plume",
  "uk": "/pluːm/",
  "us": "/pluːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大羽毛；羽饰",
    "en": "a large feather, especially one used for decoration"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "柱状烟雾或水流",
    "en": "a rising mass of smoke, water, or dust"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A bright plume decorated the dancer's tall hat.",
    "zh": "舞者的高帽上装饰着一根鲜艳的大羽毛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A thick plume of smoke rose above the factory, raising concerns about local air quality.",
    "zh": "工厂上方升起一股浓烟，引发了人们对当地空气质量的担忧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a plume of smoke｜一股浓烟",
   "a plume of feathers｜一簇羽毛",
   "a volcanic plume｜火山喷出的烟柱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plumed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指大羽毛，也指形似羽毛的烟柱、水柱。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plume"
 },
 {
  "w": "dubious",
  "uk": "/ˈdjuːbiəs/",
  "us": "/ˈduːbiəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "怀疑的；拿不准的",
    "en": "feeling uncertain or doubtful about something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可疑的；不可靠的",
    "en": "probably dishonest, unsafe, or not worth trusting"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I felt dubious about buying a bicycle without brakes.",
    "zh": "对于买一辆没有刹车的自行车，我心存疑虑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Consumers should remain dubious about health claims that are not supported by reliable scientific evidence.",
    "zh": "消费者应对没有可靠科学证据支持的健康功效宣称保持怀疑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dubious about｜对……存疑",
   "dubious claims｜可疑的说法",
   "of dubious value｜价值存疑的",
   "dubious practices｜可疑的做法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dubiously (adv.)",
   "dubiousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "doubtful",
   "sceptical",
   "questionable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "certain"
  ],
  "tip": "人感到怀疑用dubious about；事物可疑也可用dubious。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dubious"
 },
 {
  "w": "monotony",
  "uk": "/məˈnɒtəni/",
  "us": "/məˈnɑːtəni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "单调；枯燥乏味",
    "en": "boring sameness caused by a lack of variety or change"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A short walk broke the monotony of my afternoon.",
    "zh": "短暂的散步打破了我下午的单调乏味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rotating tasks can reduce the monotony of factory work while helping employees develop a wider range of skills.",
    "zh": "轮换任务可以减少工厂工作的单调感，同时帮助员工培养更多样的技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "break the monotony｜打破单调",
   "the monotony of daily life｜日常生活的单调",
   "relieve the monotony｜缓解枯燥"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "monotonous (adj.)",
   "monotonously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sameness",
   "tedium"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "variety"
  ],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词，强调缺少变化带来的乏味。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "monotony"
 },
 {
  "w": "propeller",
  "uk": "/prəˈpelə/",
  "us": "/prəˈpelər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "螺旋桨",
    "en": "a rotating device with blades that drives boats or aircraft"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The boat's propeller churned the water into white foam.",
    "zh": "船的螺旋桨把水搅成了白色泡沫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers are developing quieter propeller designs to reduce the impact of shipping noise on marine wildlife.",
    "zh": "工程师正在开发更安静的螺旋桨设计，以减少航运噪声对海洋野生动物的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "aircraft propeller｜飞机螺旋桨",
   "ship's propeller｜船用螺旋桨",
   "propeller blade｜螺旋桨叶片"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "propel (v.)",
   "propulsion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "propel是推进；propeller是提供推力的螺旋桨。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "propeller"
 },
 {
  "w": "horsepower",
  "uk": "/ˈhɔːspaʊə/",
  "us": "/ˈhɔːrspaʊər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "马力（功率单位）",
    "en": "A unit used to measure the power of an engine."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This tractor has enough horsepower to pull the heavy trailer.",
    "zh": "这辆拖拉机的马力足以拉动那辆沉重的拖车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although greater horsepower can improve vehicle performance, fuel efficiency remains a major consideration for many consumers.",
    "zh": "虽然更大的马力可以提升车辆性能，但燃油效率仍是许多消费者的重要考量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "engine horsepower｜发动机马力",
   "brake horsepower｜制动马力",
   "high horsepower｜大马力"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "数量后horsepower不加s；它衡量功率而非速度。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "horsepower"
 },
 {
  "w": "variance",
  "uk": "/ˈveəriəns/",
  "us": "/ˈveriəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "差异；不一致",
    "en": "A difference or disagreement between things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "方差",
    "en": "A statistical measure of how widely values differ from their mean."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His cheerful smile was at variance with his complaints.",
    "zh": "他愉快的笑容与他的抱怨很不相称。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposed housing policy is at variance with the government's commitment to protecting green spaces.",
    "zh": "拟议的住房政策与政府保护绿地的承诺相矛盾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at variance with｜与……不一致",
   "variance between groups｜组间差异",
   "population variance｜总体方差"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vary (v.)",
   "variation (n.)",
   "variable (adj.)",
   "varied (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "difference",
   "discrepancy"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "at variance with 表示不一致；统计学中指方差。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "variance"
 },
 {
  "w": "militia",
  "uk": "/mɪˈlɪʃə/",
  "us": "/mɪˈlɪʃə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "民兵组织",
    "en": "A military group whose members are not full-time professional soldiers."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displayed uniforms once worn by the local militia.",
    "zh": "博物馆展出了当地民兵曾经穿过的制服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historical records show that the militia consisted mainly of farmers who trained alongside their regular work.",
    "zh": "历史记录显示，这支民兵主要由农民组成，他们在日常劳作之余参加训练。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a local militia｜地方民兵组织",
   "form a militia｜组建民兵组织",
   "militia members｜民兵成员"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指组织；单个成员用a militia member。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "militia"
 },
 {
  "w": "counsel",
  "uk": "/ˈkaʊnsəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkaʊnsəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "忠告；建议",
    "en": "advice, especially from someone experienced or knowledgeable"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提供咨询；劝告",
    "en": "to give someone advice or professional support"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "律师；法律顾问",
    "en": "a lawyer or lawyers representing someone in a legal case"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I sought my aunt's counsel before accepting the job.",
    "zh": "接受这份工作前，我征求了姑姑的意见。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should employ trained professionals to counsel students who experience anxiety about examinations or future careers.",
    "zh": "学校应聘用受过培训的专业人士，为因考试或未来职业而焦虑的学生提供咨询。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "seek counsel｜征求意见",
   "legal counsel｜法律顾问",
   "counsel someone against something｜劝某人不要做某事",
   "wise counsel｜明智的忠告"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "counsellor (n.)",
   "counselling (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "counsel指忠告或律师；council指委员会。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "counsel"
 },
 {
  "w": "abundance",
  "uk": "/əˈbʌndəns/",
  "us": "/əˈbʌndəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "丰富；充裕；大量",
    "en": "a very large quantity of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our garden produces an abundance of tomatoes every summer.",
    "zh": "我们的花园每年夏天都结出大量番茄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An abundance of natural resources does not necessarily guarantee sustainable economic growth or improved living standards.",
    "zh": "丰富的自然资源并不一定能保证可持续的经济增长或生活水平的提高。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an abundance of｜大量的",
   "in abundance｜大量；充裕地",
   "an abundance of wildlife｜丰富的野生动物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "abundant (adj.)",
   "abundantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "plenty",
   "profusion"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "scarcity",
   "shortage"
  ],
  "tip": "常用an abundance of＋名词，或in abundance。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "abundance"
 },
 {
  "w": "shaft",
  "uk": "/ʃɑːft/",
  "us": "/ʃæft/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "竖井；升降机井",
    "en": "A vertical passage through a building or into the ground."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "杆；轴；柄",
    "en": "A long narrow part of a tool or machine."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一束光",
    "en": "A narrow beam of light."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The lift stopped halfway up the narrow shaft.",
    "zh": "电梯在狭窄井道的中途停了下来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers installed a ventilation shaft to improve air quality throughout the underground transport station.",
    "zh": "工程师安装了通风井，以改善整个地下交通站点的空气质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lift shaft｜电梯井",
   "ventilation shaft｜通风井",
   "drive shaft｜传动轴",
   "a shaft of sunlight｜一束阳光"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "井道用shaft；英式lift shaft对应美式elevator shaft。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shaft"
 },
 {
  "w": "accordingly",
  "uk": "/əˈkɔːdɪŋli/",
  "us": "/əˈkɔːrdɪŋli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "相应地",
    "en": "in a way that suits the particular situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "因此；于是",
    "en": "as a result of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The forecast predicted rain, so we dressed accordingly.",
    "zh": "天气预报说有雨，所以我们相应地穿好了衣服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should identify individual learning needs and adjust their teaching methods accordingly to support every student.",
    "zh": "学校应识别每个学生的学习需求，并相应调整教学方法，以支持所有学生。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adjust accordingly｜相应调整",
   "act accordingly｜据此行事",
   "plan accordingly｜据此规划"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accord (v.)",
   "accordance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表“相应地”常放句末；表“因此”较正式。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accordingly"
 },
 {
  "w": "precinct",
  "uk": "/ˈpriːsɪŋkt/",
  "us": "/ˈpriːsɪŋkt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "步行商业区（英）",
    "en": "A shopping area where vehicles are usually not allowed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "警区；选区（美）",
    "en": "A district used for policing or elections."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "建筑物周围的区域",
    "en": "The grounds surrounding a building, especially a religious building."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We met outside the bakery in the shopping precinct.",
    "zh": "我们在步行商业区的面包店外碰面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Creating a pedestrian precinct can encourage local shopping while reducing traffic pollution in city centres.",
    "zh": "设立步行商业区既能鼓励本地消费，又能减少市中心的交通污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shopping precinct｜步行商业区",
   "pedestrian precinct｜步行区",
   "police precinct｜警区",
   "cathedral precincts｜大教堂周围区域"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指建筑物周围的区域时，通常用复数precincts。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "precinct"
 },
 {
  "w": "acquisition",
  "uk": "/ˌækwɪˈzɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌækwɪˈzɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "获得；习得",
    "en": "the process of obtaining something or developing knowledge and skills"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "收购；购得物",
    "en": "the purchase of a business, or something that has been obtained"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Daily conversations helped with her acquisition of new vocabulary.",
    "zh": "日常交谈帮助她掌握了新词汇。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early exposure to varied speech can support language acquisition and strengthen children's ability to communicate effectively.",
    "zh": "尽早接触多样的语言表达能促进语言习得，增强儿童有效沟通的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "language acquisition｜语言习得",
   "acquisition of skills｜技能的掌握",
   "mergers and acquisitions｜企业并购",
   "make an acquisition｜进行收购"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "acquire (v.)",
   "acquired (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "习得过程通常不可数；收购交易或购得物可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "acquisition"
 },
 {
  "w": "mitigate",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "减轻；缓和",
    "en": "To make something harmful, unpleasant, or serious less severe"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Thick curtains helped mitigate the noise from the street.",
    "zh": "厚窗帘帮助减轻了街上传来的噪声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting trees in urban areas can mitigate the effects of extreme heat and improve residents' quality of life.",
    "zh": "在城市地区植树可以减轻酷热的影响，并改善居民的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mitigate the effects of｜减轻……的影响",
   "mitigate risks｜降低风险",
   "mitigate climate change｜缓解气候变化",
   "mitigating circumstances｜可减轻处罚的情节"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mitigation (n.)",
   "mitigating (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "alleviate",
   "lessen",
   "ease"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "aggravate",
   "exacerbate"
  ],
  "tip": "正式用词，直接接风险、损害或影响，不表示彻底消除。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mitigate"
 },
 {
  "w": "maturity",
  "uk": "/məˈtʃʊərəti/",
  "us": "/məˈtʃʊrəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "心智成熟；稳重",
    "en": "The ability to behave responsibly and make sensible judgments."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发育成熟",
    "en": "The state of being fully grown or developed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金融产品到期",
    "en": "The time when an investment or debt becomes repayable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Lena showed maturity by calmly admitting her mistake.",
    "zh": "莉娜冷静地承认自己的错误，表现得很成熟。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can foster emotional maturity by encouraging students to resolve disagreements respectfully and consider different perspectives.",
    "zh": "学校可以鼓励学生尊重他人地解决分歧并考虑不同观点，从而促进其情绪成熟。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "emotional maturity｜情绪成熟",
   "reach maturity｜达到成熟期",
   "a maturity date｜到期日",
   "show maturity｜表现出成熟稳重"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mature (adj.)",
   "mature (v.)",
   "immature (adj.)",
   "immaturity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "immaturity"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；金融语境中at maturity表示到期时。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "maturity"
 },
 {
  "w": "stow",
  "uk": "/stəʊ/",
  "us": "/stoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "妥善存放；收好",
    "en": "put something safely away, especially for a journey"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please stow your bag under the seat in front.",
    "zh": "请把包放好，置于前方座位下。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Passengers must stow their luggage securely so that loose items do not cause injuries during unexpected turbulence.",
    "zh": "乘客必须妥善放好行李，以免松散物品在突发颠簸中造成人员受伤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "stow luggage｜放好行李",
   "stow something away｜把某物收好",
   "stow securely｜牢固存放"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "stowage (n.)",
   "stowaway (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "store",
   "pack away"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "stow away可指收好；人作主语时也可指藏匿偷乘。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "stow"
 },
 {
  "w": "induction",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdʌkʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdʌkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "入职培训；正式就任",
    "en": "training or formal introduction when someone joins an organisation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "归纳推理",
    "en": "forming general conclusions from particular observations"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电磁感应",
    "en": "production of electrical effects by a changing magnetic field"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our induction included a tour of the whole office.",
    "zh": "我们的入职培训包括参观整个办公室。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A structured induction programme can help new employees understand workplace expectations and adapt to their roles.",
    "zh": "系统的入职培训可以帮助新员工了解工作要求并适应岗位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "induction programme｜入职培训计划",
   "induction into office｜正式就任",
   "electromagnetic induction｜电磁感应",
   "inductive reasoning｜归纳推理"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "induct (v.)",
   "inductive (adj.)",
   "induce (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "入职常用induction；归纳与deduction演绎相对。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "induction"
 },
 {
  "w": "vocalist",
  "uk": "/ˈvəʊkəlɪst/",
  "us": "/ˈvoʊkəlɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "歌手；演唱者",
    "en": "A singer, especially one performing with a musical group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The band's vocalist sang softly while the guitarist played.",
    "zh": "吉他手弹奏时，乐队的歌手轻声演唱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A skilled vocalist can help traditional music reach younger audiences without losing its distinctive cultural character.",
    "zh": "技艺娴熟的歌手能让传统音乐吸引年轻听众，同时保留其独特的文化特色。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lead vocalist｜主唱",
   "backing vocalist｜伴唱歌手",
   "jazz vocalist｜爵士歌手"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vocal (adj.)",
   "vocals (n.)",
   "vocalise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "singer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指乐队中的歌手；lead vocalist意为主唱。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vocalist"
 },
 {
  "w": "lax",
  "uk": "/læks/",
  "us": "/læks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不严格的；松懈的",
    "en": "Not strict or careful enough about rules or responsibilities."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "松弛的；不紧的",
    "en": "Not firm, tight, or tense."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The club is lax about checking membership cards.",
    "zh": "这家俱乐部对会员卡的检查很松懈。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Lax enforcement of environmental regulations allows some factories to discharge untreated waste into nearby rivers.",
    "zh": "环境法规执行不严，使一些工厂得以向附近河流排放未经处理的废物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lax security｜松懈的安保",
   "lax enforcement｜执法不严",
   "lax standards｜宽松的标准",
   "lax about rules｜对规则要求不严"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "laxity (n.)",
   "laxness (n.)",
   "laxly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lenient",
   "slack"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "strict",
   "rigorous"
  ],
  "tip": "常指规则执行不严；不要用它表示日常的腹泻。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lax"
 },
 {
  "w": "prone",
  "uk": "/prəʊn/",
  "us": "/proʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "易于遭受的；有倾向的",
    "en": "Likely to experience something undesirable or behave a certain way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "俯卧的",
    "en": "Lying flat with the face pointing downwards"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My skin is prone to dryness in cold weather.",
    "zh": "我的皮肤在寒冷天气里容易干燥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal settlements are increasingly prone to flooding as sea levels rise and extreme storms become more frequent.",
    "zh": "随着海平面上升和极端风暴日益频繁，沿海居民区越来越容易遭受洪灾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prone to injury｜容易受伤",
   "prone to flooding｜易遭洪灾",
   "accident-prone｜易出事故的",
   "lie prone｜俯卧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "proneness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "susceptible",
   "vulnerable"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "prone to后接名词或动名词，通常指不好的情况。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prone"
 },
 {
  "w": "accustom",
  "uk": "/əˈkʌstəm/",
  "us": "/əˈkʌstəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使习惯于",
    "en": "To make someone familiar or comfortable with something through experience."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I slowly accustomed myself to sleeping with the window open.",
    "zh": "我慢慢让自己习惯了开窗睡觉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can accustom students to collaborative work by regularly assigning tasks that require shared responsibility.",
    "zh": "学校可以定期布置需要共同承担责任的任务，让学生习惯合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "accustom yourself to｜使自己习惯于",
   "become accustomed to｜逐渐习惯于",
   "be accustomed to｜习惯于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accustomed (adj.)",
   "unaccustomed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "habituate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "accustom oneself to中to是介词，后接名词或动名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accustom"
 },
 {
  "w": "entity",
  "uk": "/ˈentəti/",
  "us": "/ˈentəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "独立实体；机构",
    "en": "something that exists independently, especially an organization"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our small bakery now operates as a separate entity.",
    "zh": "我们的小面包店现在作为独立实体运营。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Each university should remain an independent entity while cooperating with other institutions on important research projects.",
    "zh": "各大学在与其他机构合作开展重要研究项目的同时，应保持独立。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a separate entity｜独立的实体",
   "a legal entity｜法律实体",
   "a commercial entity｜商业实体"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调独立存在的单位，常用于机构、法律或商业语境。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "entity"
 },
 {
  "w": "burdensome",
  "uk": "/ˈbɜːdənsəm/",
  "us": "/ˈbɜːrdənsəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "繁重的；造成负担的",
    "en": "causing difficulty through excessive work, worry, or expense"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The extra paperwork became burdensome during our busiest week.",
    "zh": "在我们最忙的那一周，额外的文书工作成了沉重负担。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Overly burdensome regulations may discourage small businesses from expanding, even when demand for their products is strong.",
    "zh": "过于繁重的监管规定可能阻碍小企业扩张，即使其产品需求旺盛也是如此。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "burdensome regulations｜繁重的监管规定",
   "burdensome task｜繁重的任务",
   "financially burdensome｜造成经济负担的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "burden (n.)",
   "burden (v.)",
   "burdened (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "onerous",
   "troublesome"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "多形容任务、费用或规定，不指物体重量。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "burdensome"
 },
 {
  "w": "chronology",
  "uk": "/krəˈnɒlədʒi/",
  "us": "/krəˈnɑːlədʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "事件的时间顺序；年表",
    "en": "The order of events in time, or a record showing it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "年代学",
    "en": "The study of when past events happened."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These family photos helped us establish the chronology.",
    "zh": "这些家庭照片帮助我们确定了事情发生的先后顺序。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Establishing an accurate chronology allows historians to examine how environmental changes influenced the development of early settlements.",
    "zh": "建立准确的事件时间序列，有助于历史学家研究环境变化如何影响早期聚落的发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "establish a chronology｜确定时间顺序",
   "a chronology of events｜事件年表",
   "an accurate chronology｜准确的时间序列"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "chronological (adj.)",
   "chronologically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "chronology是名词；按时间顺序用chronologically。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "chronology"
 },
 {
  "w": "extravagance",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈstrævəɡəns/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈstrævəɡəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奢侈；挥霍",
    "en": "Spending more money than is necessary or sensible."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "奢侈品；奢侈之举",
    "en": "Something expensive bought or done for pleasure rather than necessity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Buying fresh flowers every week is my only extravagance.",
    "zh": "每周买鲜花是我唯一的奢侈享受。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public criticism of government extravagance often increases when essential services face severe budget cuts.",
    "zh": "当基本公共服务面临大幅预算削减时，公众对政府铺张浪费的批评往往会增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "personal extravagance｜个人挥霍",
   "an unnecessary extravagance｜不必要的奢侈之举",
   "a taste for extravagance｜对奢华的偏爱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "extravagant (adj.)",
   "extravagantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "lavishness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "frugality",
   "thrift"
  ],
  "tip": "指挥霍行为通常不可数；指某项奢侈享受时可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "extravagance"
 },
 {
  "w": "expulsion",
  "uk": "/ɪkˈspʌlʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪkˈspʌlʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "开除；驱逐",
    "en": "The act of officially forcing someone to leave a place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "排出；喷出",
    "en": "The process of forcing something out of a space or body."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Repeated cheating led to his expulsion from the club.",
    "zh": "反复作弊导致他被俱乐部开除。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should consider supportive interventions before expulsion, as exclusion can seriously damage a young person's educational prospects.",
    "zh": "学校在开除学生之前应考虑采取支持性干预措施，因为排斥可能严重损害年轻人的教育前景。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "expulsion from school｜被学校开除",
   "face expulsion｜面临开除",
   "expulsion of air｜空气的排出"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "expel (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "removal",
   "ejection"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "admission"
  ],
  "tip": "常用expulsion from；对应动词为expel。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "expulsion"
 },
 {
  "w": "par",
  "uk": "/pɑː/",
  "us": "/pɑːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "标准；正常水平",
    "en": "The usual or expected standard of quality or performance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "票面价值",
    "en": "The stated value of a share or bond."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "高尔夫标准杆数",
    "en": "The expected strokes needed for a golf hole or course."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I'm feeling below par, so I'll stay home tonight.",
    "zh": "我感觉状态不佳，所以今晚会待在家里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in teacher training could bring educational outcomes in disadvantaged areas up to par with wealthier districts.",
    "zh": "投资教师培训可使弱势地区的教育成效达到较富裕地区的水平。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "below par｜低于正常水平",
   "on a par with｜与……不相上下",
   "at par｜按票面价值",
   "par value｜票面价值"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "on a par with表示不相上下；below par指状态欠佳。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "par"
 },
 {
  "w": "irrespective",
  "uk": "/ˌɪrɪˈspektɪv/",
  "us": "/ˌɪrɪˈspektɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "不论；不顾",
    "en": "Without considering or being affected by something, used with of."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone can join the walk, irrespective of their age.",
    "zh": "无论年龄大小，人人都可以参加这次步行活动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Quality education should be available to all children, irrespective of their family income or social background.",
    "zh": "所有儿童都应能获得优质教育，无论其家庭收入或社会背景如何。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "irrespective of age｜不论年龄",
   "irrespective of income｜不论收入",
   "irrespective of the outcome｜不论结果如何"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "regardless"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常用irrespective of＋名词，意为“不论”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "irrespective"
 },
 {
  "w": "incur",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkɜː/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈkɝː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "招致；产生费用或损失",
    "en": "to experience costs or something unpleasant because of your actions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Late returns may incur an extra charge at this library.",
    "zh": "在这家图书馆，逾期归还可能产生额外费用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Businesses may incur substantial costs when replacing outdated equipment, but modern technology can improve productivity over time.",
    "zh": "企业更换过时设备时可能产生大量费用，但现代技术能逐步提高生产效率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "incur costs｜产生费用",
   "incur losses｜遭受损失",
   "incur debt｜背上债务",
   "incur a penalty｜招致处罚"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式 incurred，现在分词 incurring，均双写 r。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "incur"
 },
 {
  "w": "sift",
  "uk": "/sɪft/",
  "us": "/sɪft/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "筛；筛分",
    "en": "To pass material through a sieve to separate its parts."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "仔细检查；筛选",
    "en": "To examine material carefully to find what is useful."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sift the flour before adding it to the bowl.",
    "zh": "把面粉筛过后再加入碗中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers must sift through large amounts of evidence before drawing reliable conclusions about the causes of unemployment.",
    "zh": "研究人员必须仔细筛查大量证据，才能对失业原因得出可靠的结论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sift flour｜筛面粉",
   "sift through evidence｜仔细审查证据",
   "sift out｜筛除；筛选出"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sifter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sieve",
   "screen"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "sift through表示仔细查看，寻找有用信息。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sift"
 },
 {
  "w": "lumber",
  "uk": "/ˈlʌmbə/",
  "us": "/ˈlʌmbɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "木材；锯好的木料",
    "en": "Wood cut into pieces for building, especially in American English."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "笨重地缓慢移动",
    "en": "To move slowly and awkwardly because of weight or size."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We bought some lumber to build a garden bench.",
    "zh": "我们买了些木料，准备做一张花园长椅。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Demand for sustainably sourced lumber can encourage forest owners to adopt more responsible management practices.",
    "zh": "对可持续来源木材的需求可以促使林场主采取更负责任的管理方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a lumber yard｜木材场",
   "a stack of lumber｜一堆木料",
   "lumber along｜笨重地缓慢前行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lumbering (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "timber"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "木材义多用于美式英语，英式通常用timber。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lumber"
 },
 {
  "w": "mangrove",
  "uk": "/ˈmæŋɡrəʊv/",
  "us": "/ˈmæŋɡroʊv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "红树；红树林",
    "en": "A tropical coastal tree with roots growing in salty water"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Small fish sheltered among the roots of a mangrove.",
    "zh": "小鱼躲在一棵红树的根部之间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Mangrove forests protect coastal communities from storms while providing essential habitats for numerous marine species.",
    "zh": "红树林既能保护沿海社区免受风暴侵袭，也为众多海洋物种提供重要栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mangrove forest｜红树林",
   "mangrove roots｜红树根系",
   "mangrove conservation｜红树林保护"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指一棵红树；红树林常说mangrove forest。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mangrove"
 },
 {
  "w": "squirt",
  "uk": "/skwɜːt/",
  "us": "/skwɝːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "喷射；使喷出",
    "en": "Force liquid out through a small opening in a narrow stream."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一股喷出的液体",
    "en": "A small amount of liquid released in a narrow stream."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She squirted some lemon juice over the grilled fish.",
    "zh": "她往烤鱼上挤了些柠檬汁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Water-saving irrigation systems squirt small amounts of water directly onto roots, reducing waste in dry regions.",
    "zh": "节水灌溉系统将少量水直接喷向根部，减少干旱地区的水资源浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "squirt water｜喷水",
   "squirt juice over something｜往某物上挤果汁",
   "a squirt of sauce｜挤出的一点酱汁"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "spray",
   "spurt"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用squirt液体onto/into某处，强调细流喷出。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "squirt"
 },
 {
  "w": "reliant",
  "uk": "/rɪˈlaɪənt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈlaɪənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "依赖的；依靠的",
    "en": "needing someone or something for support or success"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Without a car, we are reliant on local buses.",
    "zh": "没有汽车，我们只能依靠当地公交车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Countries heavily reliant on imported fuel are particularly vulnerable to sudden changes in global energy prices.",
    "zh": "严重依赖进口燃料的国家尤其容易受到全球能源价格突变的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reliant on｜依赖于",
   "heavily reliant on｜严重依赖",
   "increasingly reliant on｜越来越依赖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rely (v.)",
   "reliance (n.)",
   "self-reliant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dependent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "independent",
   "self-reliant"
  ],
  "tip": "固定搭配reliant on；“自立的”是self-reliant。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reliant"
 },
 {
  "w": "disregard",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪsrɪˈɡɑːd/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪsrɪˈɡɑːrd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "无视；不理会",
    "en": "To ignore something or treat it as unimportant."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "漠视；不顾",
    "en": "A lack of attention or respect for something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please disregard my earlier message; the picnic is still happening.",
    "zh": "请忽略我之前的消息，野餐仍会照常举行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies that disregard environmental regulations may reduce short-term costs but create lasting damage to local ecosystems.",
    "zh": "无视环保法规的企业可能降低短期成本，却会对当地生态系统造成持久损害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disregard advice｜不理会建议",
   "disregard the rules｜无视规则",
   "complete disregard for｜对……的完全漠视",
   "disregard for safety｜对安全的漠视"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "ignore",
   "neglect"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "heed"
  ],
  "tip": "动词直接接宾语；名词常用disregard for。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disregard"
 },
 {
  "w": "discourse",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪskɔːs/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪskɔːrs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "正式讨论；论述",
    "en": "Serious spoken or written discussion of a particular subject."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "话语；语篇",
    "en": "Spoken or written language studied in its social context."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her lecture encouraged thoughtful discourse about local history.",
    "zh": "她的讲座引发了对当地历史的深入讨论。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public discourse on climate change increasingly focuses on practical solutions rather than distant predictions.",
    "zh": "关于气候变化的公共讨论越来越关注实际解决方案，而非遥远的预测。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "public discourse｜公共讨论",
   "political discourse｜政治话语",
   "discourse analysis｜话语分析"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "discursive (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "discussion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "语体正式；语言学中指话语或语篇，不等于论文。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "discourse"
 },
 {
  "w": "adjoin",
  "uk": "/əˈdʒɔɪn/",
  "us": "/əˈdʒɔɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "紧邻；与……毗连",
    "en": "to be directly next to or share a boundary with something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our garden adjoins a quiet park with tall oak trees.",
    "zh": "我们的花园紧挨着一座长着高大橡树的安静公园。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residential areas that adjoin industrial sites may require additional measures to protect residents from noise and pollution.",
    "zh": "与工业区相邻的住宅区可能需要额外措施，以保护居民免受噪声和污染影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adjoin a park｜紧邻公园",
   "adjoining rooms｜相邻的房间",
   "adjoining properties｜毗连的房产"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adjoining (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "border",
   "abut"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "adjoin后直接接地点，不加to；强调直接相邻。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adjoin"
 },
 {
  "w": "pinnacle",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪnəkəl/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪnəkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "巅峰；顶点",
    "en": "The highest level of success, achievement or development."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尖峰；尖塔",
    "en": "A tall pointed rock or pointed structure on a building."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Winning the tournament was the pinnacle of her career.",
    "zh": "赢得那场锦标赛是她职业生涯的巅峰。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For many researchers, international recognition represents the pinnacle of a career devoted to scientific discovery.",
    "zh": "对许多研究人员而言，获得国际认可代表着献身科学探索的职业生涯达到顶峰。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the pinnacle of success｜成功的巅峰",
   "reach the pinnacle｜达到巅峰",
   "a rocky pinnacle｜岩石尖峰"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "peak",
   "apex",
   "zenith"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "nadir"
  ],
  "tip": "比喻义常用the pinnacle of，表示成就的顶峰。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pinnacle"
 },
 {
  "w": "dissipate",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪsɪpeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪsɪpeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "消散；使消散",
    "en": "To gradually disappear or cause something to spread and disappear."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挥霍；浪费",
    "en": "To waste money, energy, or resources through careless use."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The morning mist began to dissipate as sunlight warmed the valley.",
    "zh": "阳光温暖了山谷，晨雾开始消散。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban green spaces help dissipate heat, reducing the discomfort caused by high temperatures in densely populated areas.",
    "zh": "城市绿地有助于散热，减轻人口密集地区高温带来的不适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dissipate heat｜散热",
   "tension dissipates｜紧张气氛消散",
   "dissipate energy｜耗散能量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dissipation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disperse",
   "dispel"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "accumulate"
  ],
  "tip": "可及物也可不及物：雾自行消散或风使雾消散。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dissipate"
 },
 {
  "w": "peril",
  "uk": "/ˈperəl/",
  "us": "/ˈperəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "严重危险；险境",
    "en": "serious danger or a situation involving serious danger"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sudden storm put the small boat in peril.",
    "zh": "突如其来的暴风雨使小船陷入险境。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Coastal communities face increasing peril as rising sea levels threaten their homes and essential infrastructure.",
    "zh": "随着海平面上升威胁到住宅和关键基础设施，沿海社区面临的危险日益加剧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in peril｜处于险境",
   "put someone in peril｜使某人陷入险境",
   "the perils of｜……的种种危险"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perilous (adj.)",
   "perilously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "danger",
   "hazard"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "safety"
  ],
  "tip": "比danger更正式，常用in peril表示身处险境。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "peril"
 },
 {
  "w": "aesthetic",
  "uk": "/iːsˈθetɪk/",
  "us": "/esˈθetɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "审美的；美感的",
    "en": "Relating to beauty or the appreciation of beautiful things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "美学风格；审美理念",
    "en": "A particular style or set of ideas about beauty."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The wooden shelves give this room greater aesthetic appeal.",
    "zh": "这些木架让这个房间更有美感。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planners should consider both the practical function and aesthetic quality of public spaces.",
    "zh": "城市规划者应同时考虑公共空间的实用功能和审美品质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "aesthetic appeal｜美感吸引力",
   "aesthetic value｜审美价值",
   "aesthetic considerations｜审美方面的考量"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aesthetics (n.)",
   "aesthetically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "aesthetic指审美的；aesthetics常指美学。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aesthetic"
 },
 {
  "w": "commencement",
  "uk": "/kəˈmensmənt/",
  "us": "/kəˈmensmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "开始；开端",
    "en": "The beginning of something, especially an official activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "毕业典礼（美式）",
    "en": "A ceremony celebrating students completing their studies in the United States"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We heard a whistle at the commencement of play.",
    "zh": "比赛开始时，我们听到了一声哨响。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Environmental assessments should be completed before the commencement of construction to minimise potential damage to local ecosystems.",
    "zh": "施工开始前应完成环境评估，以尽量减少对当地生态系统的潜在破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the commencement of work｜工作的开始",
   "a commencement date｜开始日期",
   "a commencement ceremony｜毕业典礼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "commence (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "beginning",
   "start"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "conclusion"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“开始”较正式；美式英语中也指毕业典礼。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "commencement"
 },
 {
  "w": "first-rate",
  "uk": "/ˌfɜːst ˈreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˌfɜːrst ˈreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "一流的；极好的",
    "en": "Of excellent quality or exceptionally high ability."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The small restaurant serves first-rate food at reasonable prices.",
    "zh": "这家小餐馆的菜品一流，价格也合理。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to first-rate training enables young workers to develop skills that employers increasingly value.",
    "zh": "获得一流培训的机会能让年轻劳动者培养雇主日益看重的技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "first-rate service｜一流的服务",
   "a first-rate education｜一流的教育",
   "a first-rate performance｜精彩的表现"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "excellent",
   "outstanding",
   "superb"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "second-rate",
   "inferior"
  ],
  "tip": "first-rate表示质量一流，不是“第一次评价”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "first-rate"
 },
 {
  "w": "hind",
  "uk": "/haɪnd/",
  "us": "/haɪnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "后部的；后面的",
    "en": "At the back of an animal's body, especially its legs."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雌鹿",
    "en": "An adult female deer, especially a red deer."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rabbit pushed off with its powerful hind legs.",
    "zh": "兔子用有力的后腿一蹬，跳了出去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Kangaroos rely on their strong hind legs to travel efficiently across large areas in search of food.",
    "zh": "袋鼠依靠强壮的后腿高效穿越广阔区域，寻找食物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hind legs｜后腿",
   "hind feet｜后脚",
   "hind limbs｜后肢"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hindquarters (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rear"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "front"
  ],
  "tip": "作形容词主要修饰动物后肢，不泛指后面的事物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hind"
 },
 {
  "w": "optimum",
  "uk": "/ˈɒptɪməm/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːptɪməm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "最适宜的；最佳的",
    "en": "best suited to achieving a particular result"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "最佳状态；最适量",
    "en": "the most favourable level or condition for a particular purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This sunny windowsill provides optimum conditions for my herbs.",
    "zh": "这个阳光充足的窗台为我种的香草提供了最适宜的条件。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Maintaining the optimum classroom temperature can help students concentrate and reduce the energy required for heating.",
    "zh": "保持最适宜的教室温度有助于学生集中注意力，并减少供暖能耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "optimum conditions｜最佳条件",
   "optimum temperature｜最适温度",
   "optimum performance｜最佳表现"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "optimal (adj.)",
   "optimise (v.)",
   "optimisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ideal",
   "optimal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "worst"
  ],
  "tip": "强调最适合目标，并非越多越好；通常不用most修饰。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "optimum"
 },
 {
  "w": "ambivalent",
  "uk": "/æmˈbɪvələnt/",
  "us": "/æmˈbɪvələnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "心情矛盾的；态度摇摆的",
    "en": "having conflicting feelings about someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I feel ambivalent about moving away from my family.",
    "zh": "对于搬离家人这件事，我的心情很矛盾。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many consumers remain ambivalent about online shopping because convenience must be balanced against concerns about privacy.",
    "zh": "许多消费者对网购仍持矛盾态度，因为便利与隐私方面的担忧需要权衡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel ambivalent about｜对……心情矛盾",
   "ambivalent attitude｜矛盾的态度",
   "remain ambivalent｜仍然举棋不定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ambivalence (n.)",
   "ambivalently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "conflicted",
   "undecided"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常接about；指好坏感受并存，不是毫不在意。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ambivalent"
 },
 {
  "w": "competitiveness",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpetɪtɪvnəs/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpetətɪvnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "竞争力",
    "en": "The ability to succeed against others in a market or activity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "好胜心",
    "en": "A strong desire to win or outperform others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fresh ingredients help our bakery maintain its competitiveness locally.",
    "zh": "新鲜食材帮助我们这家面包店保持本地竞争力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in workforce training can improve national competitiveness by increasing productivity and encouraging innovation across industries.",
    "zh": "投资员工培训可以提高生产率并促进各行业创新，从而增强国家竞争力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "international competitiveness｜国际竞争力",
   "enhance competitiveness｜增强竞争力",
   "price competitiveness｜价格竞争力",
   "economic competitiveness｜经济竞争力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compete (v.)",
   "competitive (adj.)",
   "competition (n.)",
   "competitor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数；既可指市场竞争力，也可指个人好胜心。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "competitiveness"
 },
 {
  "w": "intact",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈtækt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈtækt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "完整无损的；未改变的",
    "en": "Complete and not damaged, altered, or missing any parts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The box was crushed, but the cups remained intact.",
    "zh": "盒子被压坏了，但杯子依然完好无损。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Careful restoration allows historic buildings to remain intact while meeting the safety requirements of modern urban life.",
    "zh": "精心修复可以使历史建筑保持完整，同时满足现代城市生活的安全要求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "remain intact｜保持完整",
   "leave intact｜保留原状",
   "fully intact｜完好无损"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "undamaged",
   "whole",
   "unbroken"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "damaged",
   "broken"
  ],
  "tip": "常用于remain或leave之后，强调完整且未受损。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intact"
 },
 {
  "w": "susceptible",
  "uk": "/səˈseptəbl/",
  "us": "/səˈseptəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "易受影响的；易患病的",
    "en": "easily affected or harmed by something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These young plants are particularly susceptible to frost damage.",
    "zh": "这些幼苗特别容易遭受霜冻损害。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children may be more susceptible to online advertising because they lack experience in evaluating commercial claims.",
    "zh": "儿童可能更容易受到网络广告影响，因为他们缺乏评估商业宣传的经验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "susceptible to infection｜容易感染的",
   "susceptible to influence｜易受影响的",
   "highly susceptible｜极易受影响的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "susceptibility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "vulnerable",
   "prone"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "resistant",
   "immune"
  ],
  "tip": "常用susceptible to，to后接名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "susceptible"
 },
 {
  "w": "swerve",
  "uk": "/swɜːv/",
  "us": "/swɝːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "突然转向；急转弯",
    "en": "To change direction suddenly, especially to avoid hitting something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "突然转向；急转弯",
    "en": "A sudden change of direction by a vehicle or person."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cyclist swerved to avoid a branch on the road.",
    "zh": "骑车人突然转向，避开了路上的树枝。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poorly maintained roads may force drivers to swerve unexpectedly, increasing the risk of collisions with other vehicles.",
    "zh": "养护不善的道路可能迫使司机突然转向，增加与其他车辆相撞的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "swerve to avoid something｜突然转向避开某物",
   "swerve off the road｜突然偏离道路",
   "a sudden swerve｜突然转向"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "veer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调突然改变方向；普通转弯通常用turn。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "swerve"
 },
 {
  "w": "lesser",
  "uk": "/ˈlesə/",
  "us": "/ˈlesər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "较小的；较不重要的",
    "en": "Smaller in amount, degree, or importance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We chose the lesser expense of repairing our sofa.",
    "zh": "我们选择了费用较低的方案，把沙发修好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although funding matters, class size also influences educational outcomes, but usually to a lesser degree.",
    "zh": "虽然资金很重要，但班级规模也会影响教育成效，只是影响程度通常较小。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "to a lesser extent｜在较小程度上",
   "of lesser importance｜较不重要的",
   "the lesser of two evils｜两害相权取其轻"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "less (adv.)",
   "less (det.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "smaller",
   "minor"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "greater"
  ],
  "tip": "通常放在名词前；不用于直接表示物体尺寸更小。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lesser"
 },
 {
  "w": "err",
  "uk": "/ɜː/",
  "us": "/ɝː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "犯错；判断失误",
    "en": "To make a mistake or an incorrect judgement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I erred by leaving the cake in too long.",
    "zh": "我把蛋糕烤得太久，失误了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policymakers may err when they assume that economic growth automatically improves everyone's quality of life.",
    "zh": "政策制定者若认为经济增长会自动改善所有人的生活质量，可能会判断失误。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "err in judgement｜判断失误",
   "err on the side of caution｜宁可谨慎一些",
   "err in assuming｜错误地假定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "error (n.)",
   "erroneous (adj.)",
   "erroneously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "make a mistake",
   "misjudge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较正式的不及物动词；常用err on the side of caution。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "err"
 },
 {
  "w": "subordinate",
  "uk": "/səˈbɔːdɪnət/",
  "us": "/səˈbɔːrdɪnət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "下级的；次要的",
    "en": "Lower in rank, authority, or importance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "下属；部下",
    "en": "Someone with a lower position under another person's authority."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She accepted a subordinate role on the project.",
    "zh": "她接受了在这个项目中担任辅助角色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In effective organisations, subordinate staff should feel comfortable raising concerns with senior managers without fear.",
    "zh": "在运作良好的组织中，下级员工应能放心地向高级管理人员提出疑虑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "subordinate to｜从属于；次于",
   "a subordinate role｜次要角色",
   "subordinate staff｜下级员工",
   "a subordinate clause｜从句"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "subordination (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "junior"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "superior"
  ],
  "tip": "表示“从属于”用subordinate to，不用than。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "subordinate"
 },
 {
  "w": "heartfelt",
  "uk": "/ˈhɑːtfelt/",
  "us": "/ˈhɑːrtfelt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "衷心的；真挚的",
    "en": "Deeply and sincerely felt."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She gave her neighbour a heartfelt hug before leaving.",
    "zh": "离开前，她真挚地拥抱了邻居。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A heartfelt apology can help restore public trust, but institutions must also demonstrate a genuine commitment to change.",
    "zh": "真诚的道歉有助于恢复公众信任，但机构还必须展现真正致力于改变的决心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "heartfelt thanks｜衷心的感谢",
   "a heartfelt apology｜真诚的道歉",
   "heartfelt sympathy｜由衷的同情"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "sincere",
   "genuine",
   "deep"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "insincere"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰thanks、apology、sympathy，强调发自内心。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "heartfelt"
 },
 {
  "w": "oust",
  "uk": "/aʊst/",
  "us": "/aʊst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "罢黜；赶下台；驱逐",
    "en": "To force someone out of a position or place."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Club members voted to oust their unpopular chair.",
    "zh": "俱乐部成员投票罢免了不受欢迎的主席。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shareholders may seek to oust company directors who repeatedly fail to meet environmental commitments or financial targets.",
    "zh": "股东可能寻求罢免那些屡次未能履行环保承诺或实现财务目标的公司董事。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "oust a leader｜罢黜领导人",
   "oust someone from office｜将某人赶下台",
   "be ousted as chair｜被罢免主席职务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ouster (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "remove",
   "expel"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "appoint",
   "install"
  ],
  "tip": "常用oust someone from office，强调被迫离职。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oust"
 },
 {
  "w": "appraisal",
  "uk": "/əˈpreɪzəl/",
  "us": "/əˈpreɪzəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "评价；评估",
    "en": "a careful judgment of quality, performance, or a situation"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "估价",
    "en": "an expert estimate of how much something is worth"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My manager praised my progress during today's performance appraisal.",
    "zh": "经理在今天的绩效评估中表扬了我的进步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A thorough appraisal of environmental risks should take place before any major construction project begins.",
    "zh": "任何大型建设项目启动之前，都应对环境风险进行全面评估。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "performance appraisal｜绩效评估",
   "critical appraisal｜审慎评估",
   "property appraisal｜房产估价",
   "appraisal process｜评估流程"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "appraise (v.)",
   "appraiser (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assessment",
   "evaluation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "appraisal是评估；别与approval（批准）混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "appraisal"
 },
 {
  "w": "compatible",
  "uk": "/kəmˈpætəbl/",
  "us": "/kəmˈpætəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "兼容的；可并存的",
    "en": "Able to work or exist together without problems"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "合得来的",
    "en": "Having personalities or interests that allow a good relationship"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This charger is compatible with both of our tablets.",
    "zh": "这个充电器兼容我们的两台平板电脑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Economic growth can be compatible with environmental protection if governments encourage cleaner production and responsible resource use.",
    "zh": "如果政府鼓励更清洁的生产方式和负责任的资源利用，经济增长就能与环境保护并行。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "compatible with｜与……兼容",
   "fully compatible｜完全兼容",
   "compatible software｜兼容的软件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "compatibility (n.)",
   "incompatible (adj.)",
   "incompatibility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "incompatible"
  ],
  "tip": "固定搭配是compatible with，不用compatible to。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "compatible"
 },
 {
  "w": "continual",
  "uk": "/kənˈtɪnjuəl/",
  "us": "/kənˈtɪnjuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "反复发生的；频繁的",
    "en": "Happening repeatedly, often with short breaks."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "持续不断的",
    "en": "Continuing over a period without stopping."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The continual interruptions made it hard to finish cooking.",
    "zh": "接二连三的打扰让人很难把饭做好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Continual changes in education policy can prevent teachers from developing effective long-term approaches to classroom learning.",
    "zh": "教育政策频繁变动可能妨碍教师制定有效的长期课堂教学方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "continual interruptions｜频繁的打扰",
   "continual improvement｜持续改进",
   "continual changes｜不断的变化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "continually (adv.)",
   "continue (v.)",
   "continuation (n.)",
   "continuous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "repeated",
   "persistent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "occasional"
  ],
  "tip": "continual常指反复发生；continuous强调不中断。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "continual"
 },
 {
  "w": "inventory",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnvəntri/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnvəntɔːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "物品清单；财产清册",
    "en": "A detailed list of items owned or stored somewhere."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "库存；存货",
    "en": "The goods a business keeps available for sale."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为……编制清单",
    "en": "To make a detailed list of items."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We made an inventory of everything in the garage.",
    "zh": "我们把车库里的所有东西列成了清单。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital systems help retailers manage inventory more efficiently, reducing waste and preventing shortages of essential products.",
    "zh": "数字系统帮助零售商更高效地管理库存，减少浪费并防止必需品短缺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "make an inventory｜编制清单",
   "inventory management｜库存管理",
   "inventory levels｜库存水平"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示库存时多见于美式英语，英式常用stock。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inventory"
 },
 {
  "w": "earthworm",
  "uk": "/ˈɜːθwɜːm/",
  "us": "/ˈɝːθwɝːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蚯蚓",
    "en": "a long, soft worm that lives in soil"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An earthworm wriggled out of the wet garden soil.",
    "zh": "一条蚯蚓从花园湿润的泥土中蠕动着钻了出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Earthworms improve soil structure by creating tunnels that allow air and water to move more freely.",
    "zh": "蚯蚓通过挖掘通道，让空气和水更自由地流动，从而改善土壤结构。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "earthworm populations｜蚯蚓种群",
   "earthworm activity｜蚯蚓活动",
   "earthworm castings｜蚯蚓粪"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词；earth在这里指土壤。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "earthworm"
 },
 {
  "w": "residual",
  "uk": "/rɪˈzɪdʒuəl/",
  "us": "/rɪˈzɪdʒuəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "残留的；剩余的",
    "en": "remaining after most of something has gone or been removed"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Residual heat kept the kitchen warm after dinner.",
    "zh": "晚饭后，余热让厨房仍然暖和。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residual chemicals in agricultural soil may affect water quality long after farmers stop using them.",
    "zh": "即使农民停止使用化学品很久，农田土壤中的残留物仍可能影响水质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "residual heat｜余热",
   "residual chemicals｜残留化学物质",
   "residual effects｜残余影响",
   "residual income｜持续性后续收入"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "residue (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "remaining",
   "leftover"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用于技术语境，强调处理后仍残留。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "residual"
 },
 {
  "w": "transcript",
  "uk": "/ˈtrænskrɪpt/",
  "us": "/ˈtrænskrɪpt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "文字记录；转写稿",
    "en": "a written record of words spoken in a conversation or recording"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "成绩单",
    "en": "an official record of a student's courses and grades"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I read the transcript while listening to the interview.",
    "zh": "我一边听访谈，一边阅读文字记录。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers checked each interview transcript carefully before analysing participants' views on public transport services.",
    "zh": "研究人员仔细核对每份访谈记录后，才分析参与者对公共交通服务的看法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "interview transcript｜访谈文字记录",
   "academic transcript｜学业成绩单",
   "a full transcript｜完整文字记录"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transcribe (v.)",
   "transcription (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "transcript可指录音转写稿，也可指学校成绩单。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transcript"
 },
 {
  "w": "spouse",
  "uk": "/spaʊs/",
  "us": "/spaʊs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "配偶",
    "en": "The person someone is married to."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each employee can bring their spouse to dinner.",
    "zh": "每位员工都可以带配偶参加晚宴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Flexible working arrangements can help employees share childcare responsibilities more equally with their spouses.",
    "zh": "灵活的工作安排有助于员工与配偶更平等地分担育儿责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "surviving spouse｜尚健在的配偶",
   "accompanying spouse｜随行配偶",
   "spouse's income｜配偶的收入"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spousal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用语，指丈夫或妻子，不限定性别。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spouse"
 },
 {
  "w": "hypothesis",
  "uk": "/haɪˈpɒθəsɪs/",
  "us": "/haɪˈpɑːθəsɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "假说；假设",
    "en": "A proposed explanation that can be tested through research"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our experiment tested the hypothesis that plants prefer sunlight.",
    "zh": "我们的实验检验了植物更喜欢阳光这一假设。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers tested the hypothesis that regular physical activity improves concentration among children in primary education.",
    "zh": "研究人员检验了定期体育活动能改善小学生注意力这一假设。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "test a hypothesis｜检验假设",
   "formulate a hypothesis｜提出假说",
   "support a hypothesis｜支持假说",
   "reject a hypothesis｜否定假说"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hypothetical (adj.)",
   "hypothetically (adv.)",
   "hypothesise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为hypotheses；假说须经证据检验。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hypothesis"
 },
 {
  "w": "bedsit",
  "uk": "/ˈbedsɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈbedsɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "卧室兼起居室的出租房",
    "en": "A rented room used for both living and sleeping."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He rented a small bedsit close to the station.",
    "zh": "他在车站附近租了一间卧室兼起居室的小房间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For students with limited budgets, a bedsit may provide affordable accommodation near a university campus.",
    "zh": "对于预算有限的学生，卧室兼起居室的出租房可以提供靠近大学校园的经济住所。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rent a bedsit｜租一间单间住房",
   "a furnished bedsit｜带家具的单间住房",
   "a cramped bedsit｜狭小的单间住房"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英国用语，卧室兼起居室，浴室常与他人共用。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bedsit"
 },
 {
  "w": "rampant",
  "uk": "/ˈræmpənt/",
  "us": "/ˈræmpənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "猖獗的；泛滥的",
    "en": "Spreading widely and uncontrollably, especially when harmful."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "疯长的；蔓生的",
    "en": "Growing quickly and spreading without control."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Rampant weeds have taken over our vegetable patch.",
    "zh": "疯长的杂草已经占据了我们的菜地。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Where oversight is weak, rampant corruption can undermine public trust and divert resources away from essential services.",
    "zh": "在监管薄弱的地方，猖獗的腐败会损害公众信任，并使资源偏离基本公共服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rampant corruption｜猖獗的腐败",
   "run rampant｜肆虐；泛滥",
   "rampant inflation｜失控的通货膨胀",
   "rampant growth｜疯长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rampantly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "uncontrolled",
   "unchecked"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "controlled"
  ],
  "tip": "常形容腐败、疾病等失控蔓延；run rampant指肆虐。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rampant"
 },
 {
  "w": "refine",
  "uk": "/rɪˈfaɪn/",
  "us": "/rɪˈfaɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "改进；完善",
    "en": "Improve something by making small, careful changes"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "精炼；提纯",
    "en": "Remove unwanted substances from a raw material"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I refined my recipe by adding less sugar.",
    "zh": "我减少了糖的用量，改进了自己的食谱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can refine their teaching methods by collecting regular feedback from students with different learning needs.",
    "zh": "学校可以定期收集有不同学习需求的学生的反馈，以改进教学方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "refine a technique｜改进技巧",
   "refine a proposal｜完善提案",
   "refine crude oil｜精炼原油"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "refinement (n.)",
   "refined (adj.)",
   "refinery (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "improve",
   "purify"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指完善方法，也可指提纯原材料。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "refine"
 },
 {
  "w": "obsess",
  "uk": "/əbˈses/",
  "us": "/əbˈses/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使着迷；使困扰",
    "en": "to fill someone's mind so they cannot think of anything else"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "念念不忘；过分纠结",
    "en": "to think about something constantly and excessively"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Don't obsess over every tiny mark on your shoes.",
    "zh": "别总纠结鞋子上的每一处小污痕。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some students obsess over examination results, neglecting the broader skills that education should develop.",
    "zh": "一些学生过分关注考试成绩，忽视了教育应当培养的更广泛的能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "obsess over details｜过分纠结细节",
   "be obsessed with success｜痴迷于成功",
   "obsess about appearance｜过分在意外表"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "obsession (n.)",
   "obsessive (adj.)",
   "obsessively (adv.)",
   "obsessed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用be obsessed with；主动式常接over或about。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obsess"
 },
 {
  "w": "practitioner",
  "uk": "/prækˈtɪʃənə/",
  "us": "/prækˈtɪʃənər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "执业人员；从业者",
    "en": "someone who works in a profession, especially medicine"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实践者",
    "en": "someone who regularly uses a particular skill or method"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse suggested speaking to a qualified medical practitioner.",
    "zh": "护士建议咨询有资质的执业医师。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Experienced practitioners should help design training programmes so that graduates develop skills relevant to their profession.",
    "zh": "经验丰富的从业者应参与设计培训课程，让毕业生掌握与职业相关的技能。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "general practitioner｜全科医生",
   "medical practitioner｜执业医师",
   "experienced practitioner｜经验丰富的从业者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "practice (n.)",
   "practise (v.)",
   "practical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "general practitioner指全科医生，常缩写为GP。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "practitioner"
 },
 {
  "w": "ferocious",
  "uk": "/fəˈrəʊʃəs/",
  "us": "/fəˈroʊʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "凶猛的；凶狠的",
    "en": "very fierce, violent, or aggressive"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "猛烈的；激烈的",
    "en": "extremely strong or intense"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The ferocious dog growled from behind the locked gate.",
    "zh": "那只凶猛的狗在锁着的大门后低吼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ferocious competition in the technology sector can encourage innovation but also threaten the survival of smaller firms.",
    "zh": "科技行业的激烈竞争能够促进创新，但也可能威胁较小企业的生存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a ferocious animal｜凶猛的动物",
   "ferocious competition｜激烈的竞争",
   "a ferocious storm｜猛烈的暴风雨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ferociously (adv.)",
   "ferocity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fierce",
   "savage"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "gentle"
  ],
  "tip": "既可形容动物凶猛，也可形容竞争或风暴猛烈。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ferocious"
 },
 {
  "w": "turbulent",
  "uk": "/ˈtɜːbjələnt/",
  "us": "/ˈtɝːbjələnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "动荡的；混乱的",
    "en": "Full of conflict, uncertainty, or sudden disruptive changes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "湍急的；气流紊乱的",
    "en": "Moving violently and irregularly, especially air or water."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After a turbulent week, our family needed a quiet evening.",
    "zh": "经历了动荡的一周后，我们一家需要一个安静的夜晚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During turbulent economic periods, governments may increase public spending to protect jobs and support vulnerable households.",
    "zh": "在经济动荡时期，政府可能增加公共支出，以保障就业并支持脆弱家庭。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "turbulent times｜动荡时期",
   "turbulent waters｜湍急的水流",
   "turbulent airflow｜紊乱气流"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "turbulence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unstable",
   "unsettled"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm",
   "stable"
  ],
  "tip": "既形容社会局势动荡，也形容水流或气流紊乱。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "turbulent"
 },
 {
  "w": "negate",
  "uk": "/nɪˈɡeɪt/",
  "us": "/nɪˈɡeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抵消；使无效",
    "en": "Cancel the effect or value of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "否定；否认",
    "en": "State or show that something is not true."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The delivery fee negated the savings on our groceries.",
    "zh": "配送费抵消了我们买食品省下的钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Increased energy consumption may negate the environmental benefits of replacing older appliances with more efficient models.",
    "zh": "增加的能源消耗可能抵消用更高效型号替换旧电器所带来的环境效益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "negate the benefits｜抵消益处",
   "negate the effects｜抵消影响",
   "negate an argument｜否定一个论点"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "negation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cancel out",
   "nullify"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用词；常表示抵消效果，不只表示口头否认。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "negate"
 },
 {
  "w": "unanimous",
  "uk": "/juˈnænɪməs/",
  "us": "/juˈnænɪməs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "全体一致同意的",
    "en": "agreed on by every person in a group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our family was unanimous about adopting the little cat.",
    "zh": "我们全家一致同意收养那只小猫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The committee reached a unanimous decision to improve public transport rather than expand the existing road network.",
    "zh": "委员会一致决定改善公共交通，而不是扩建现有道路网。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "unanimous decision｜一致通过的决定",
   "unanimous support｜全体一致支持",
   "unanimous agreement｜全体一致同意",
   "unanimous vote｜全票通过"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "unanimously (adv.)",
   "unanimity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "divided"
  ],
  "tip": "强调所有人都同意，不是仅指多数人赞成。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unanimous"
 },
 {
  "w": "token",
  "uk": "/ˈtəʊkən/",
  "us": "/ˈtoʊkən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "代币；专用券",
    "en": "A special disc or voucher used instead of money."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "象征；心意的表示",
    "en": "Something given or done to express a feeling."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "象征性的；敷衍的",
    "en": "Done merely to appear helpful or compliant, with little effect."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I dropped a token into the machine and played.",
    "zh": "我往机器里投了一枚代币，开始玩了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Critics argue that token environmental measures cannot address the scale of pollution in rapidly expanding cities.",
    "zh": "批评者认为，象征性的环保措施无法应对快速扩张的城市中如此严重的污染。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a token of appreciation｜表达谢意的心意",
   "a token gesture｜象征性的举动",
   "a token payment｜象征性的付款"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "a token of后接情感名词，表示某种心意。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "token"
 },
 {
  "w": "hiss",
  "uk": "/hɪs/",
  "us": "/hɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发出嘶嘶声",
    "en": "To make a long, sharp sound like escaping steam."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "嘶嘶声",
    "en": "A long, sharp sound made by escaping air or steam."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cat hissed when the puppy came too close.",
    "zh": "小狗靠得太近时，猫发出了嘶嘶声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers investigated a persistent hiss from the heating system to identify possible leaks and prevent energy waste.",
    "zh": "工程师检查了供暖系统持续发出的嘶嘶声，以查明可能的泄漏并防止能源浪费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hiss at someone｜冲某人发出嘶嘶声",
   "a faint hiss｜微弱的嘶嘶声",
   "a hiss of steam｜蒸汽的嘶嘶声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hissing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hiss at可表示冲人嘶叫或发嘘声。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hiss"
 },
 {
  "w": "attribution",
  "uk": "/ˌætrɪˈbjuːʃn/",
  "us": "/ˌætrɪˈbjuːʃn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "归因；归属认定",
    "en": "the act of identifying something's cause, creator, or source"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "注明出处；署名",
    "en": "acknowledgement of the person who created or supplied something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please include an attribution when you share my photograph.",
    "zh": "分享我的照片时，请注明作者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accurate attribution of environmental damage to specific industries is essential for developing fair and effective regulations.",
    "zh": "准确判定环境损害应归因于哪些行业，是制定公平有效的法规的关键。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "attribution of responsibility｜责任归属",
   "causal attribution｜因果归因",
   "source attribution｜注明来源"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "attribute (v.)",
   "attributable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不是普通的“属于”；常指认定原因、作者或来源。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "attribution"
 },
 {
  "w": "cocaine",
  "uk": "/kəʊˈkeɪn/",
  "us": "/koʊˈkeɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "可卡因；古柯碱",
    "en": "A powerful, addictive stimulant drug derived from coca leaves."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse explained why cocaine can seriously harm the heart.",
    "zh": "护士解释了可卡因为何会严重损害心脏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health programmes should combine education about cocaine with accessible treatment for people experiencing addiction.",
    "zh": "公共卫生项目应将可卡因危害教育与便捷可及的成瘾治疗相结合。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cocaine addiction｜可卡因成瘾",
   "cocaine use｜使用可卡因",
   "cocaine dependence｜可卡因依赖"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词，指一种强效成瘾性毒品。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cocaine"
 },
 {
  "w": "clam",
  "uk": "/klæm/",
  "us": "/klæm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蛤蜊；蛤",
    "en": "A shellfish with two joined shells, often living buried in sand."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found a clam buried in the wet sand.",
    "zh": "我们在湿沙里发现了一只蛤蜊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clam farming can support coastal economies, but poor water quality may threaten both shellfish and consumers.",
    "zh": "蛤蜊养殖可以支撑沿海经济，但水质不佳可能同时威胁贝类和消费者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clam shell｜蛤蜊壳",
   "clam chowder｜蛤蜊浓汤",
   "clam farming｜蛤蜊养殖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clamming (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "clam是蛤蜊；不要与calm（平静的）混淆。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clam"
 },
 {
  "w": "maniac",
  "uk": "/ˈmeɪniæk/",
  "us": "/ˈmeɪniæk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "行为疯狂鲁莽的人",
    "en": "someone behaving in an extremely wild or reckless way"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狂热爱好者",
    "en": "someone extremely enthusiastic about a particular activity"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "That driver is a maniac, speeding around every corner.",
    "zh": "那个司机开车太疯狂了，每个弯道都飞速驶过。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Calling a reckless driver a maniac expresses anger but does little to explain the causes of dangerous driving.",
    "zh": "把鲁莽的司机称为疯子虽然表达了愤怒，却无助于解释危险驾驶的原因。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "drive like a maniac｜疯狂地开车",
   "a fitness maniac｜健身狂热者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mania (n.)",
   "manic (adj.)",
   "maniacal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "属非正式用语，可能冒犯他人；勿作精神疾病诊断词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "非正式称呼，可能带贬义；不宜用于称呼精神疾病患者。",
  "id": "maniac"
 },
 {
  "w": "self-access",
  "uk": "/ˌself ˈækses/",
  "us": "/ˌself ˈækses/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "供自主选用学习的",
    "en": "allowing learners to choose and use materials independently"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自主选材学习",
    "en": "independent learning using materials chosen by the learner"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our library has a quiet self-access learning area.",
    "zh": "我们图书馆有一个安静的自主学习区。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Self-access centres encourage students to take responsibility for their progress by selecting materials suited to their needs.",
    "zh": "自主学习中心鼓励学生选择适合自身需求的材料，对自己的学习进度负责。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "self-access centre｜自主学习中心",
   "self-access materials｜自主学习材料",
   "self-access learning｜自主选材学习"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要用于教育，强调自主选择并使用学习资源。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "self-access"
 },
 {
  "w": "obscene",
  "uk": "/əbˈsiːn/",
  "us": "/əbˈsiːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "淫秽的；猥亵的",
    "en": "offensively sexual in a way considered unacceptable"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多得离谱的；令人愤慨的",
    "en": "so excessive or unfair that it causes moral outrage"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The moderator removed an obscene comment from the chat.",
    "zh": "管理员从聊天中删除了一条淫秽评论。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Critics argue that obscene executive bonuses are difficult to justify when ordinary workers face wage cuts.",
    "zh": "批评者认为，普通工人面临降薪时，高管高得离谱的奖金难以合理解释。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "obscene language｜淫秽语言",
   "obscene material｜淫秽内容",
   "an obscene amount of money｜多得离谱的一笔钱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "obscenity (n.)",
   "obscenely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "indecent",
   "lewd"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "decent"
  ],
  "tip": "比rude语气强；也可批评金钱或数量多得离谱。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obscene"
 },
 {
  "w": "fling",
  "uk": "/flɪŋ/",
  "us": "/flɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "猛扔；猛推",
    "en": "To throw or move something suddenly and forcefully."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "短暂的尽情享乐",
    "en": "A short period of freely enjoying an activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He flung his muddy boots into the empty bucket.",
    "zh": "他把沾满泥的靴子猛地扔进了空桶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During severe storms, powerful winds can fling loose debris across roads, creating serious hazards for drivers and pedestrians.",
    "zh": "在强风暴中，狂风可能将散落的碎物刮到道路上，给司机和行人带来严重危险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fling open a door｜猛地推开门",
   "fling your arms around someone｜张开双臂抱住某人",
   "fling yourself into something｜全身心投入某事",
   "a final fling｜最后一次尽情享乐"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "hurl",
   "throw"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为flung，强调动作猛烈。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fling"
 },
 {
  "w": "empower",
  "uk": "/ɪmˈpaʊə/",
  "us": "/ɪmˈpaʊər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使有能力；增强自主权",
    "en": "Give someone confidence or control over their own life."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "授权",
    "en": "Give someone official authority to take particular action."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Learning to cook empowered him to live independently.",
    "zh": "学会做饭让他能够独立生活。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to reliable information can empower citizens to make informed decisions about their health.",
    "zh": "获取可靠信息可以使公民有能力对自身健康作出明智决定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "empower women｜增强女性自主权",
   "empower communities｜增强社区自主能力",
   "empower someone to act｜授权某人采取行动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "empowerment (n.)",
   "empowered (adj.)",
   "empowering (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enable",
   "authorize"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disempower"
  ],
  "tip": "常用empower sb to do sth，表示赋能或授权。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "empower"
 },
 {
  "w": "encroach",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈkrəʊtʃ/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈkroʊtʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "逐步侵占；侵犯",
    "en": "To gradually take over another's space, time, or rights."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The neighbour's bushes are beginning to encroach on our garden.",
    "zh": "邻居家的灌木开始长到我们花园里来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As new housing developments encroach on wetlands, local wildlife loses essential breeding grounds and sources of food.",
    "zh": "随着新住宅开发项目逐步侵占湿地，当地野生动物失去了重要的繁殖地和食物来源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "encroach on land｜侵占土地",
   "encroach on privacy｜侵犯隐私",
   "encroach on leisure time｜侵占休闲时间"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "encroachment (n)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "intrude"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不及物动词，常用encroach on/upon，强调逐步侵占。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "encroach"
 },
 {
  "w": "petition",
  "uk": "/pəˈtɪʃən/",
  "us": "/pəˈtɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "请愿书",
    "en": "A formal written request, often supported by many people's signatures."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "向…请愿；正式请求",
    "en": "To formally ask an authority to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours signed a petition to save the playground.",
    "zh": "邻居们在请愿书上签名，希望保住这座游乐场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents submitted a petition asking the council to improve public transport in areas outside the city centre.",
    "zh": "居民提交了请愿书，要求市政委员会改善市中心以外地区的公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sign a petition｜在请愿书上签名",
   "submit a petition｜提交请愿书",
   "petition for reform｜请愿要求改革"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "petitioner (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词常用petition somebody to do something。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "petition"
 },
 {
  "w": "clamor",
  "uk": "/ˈklæmə/",
  "us": "/ˈklæmər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "喧闹声；强烈呼声",
    "en": "Loud noise or strong public demands"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "大声要求；喧嚷",
    "en": "To demand something loudly or insistently"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children clamored for another story before bedtime.",
    "zh": "睡觉前，孩子们吵着要再听一个故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public clamor for cleaner air has encouraged local authorities to invest in more reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "公众要求改善空气质量的强烈呼声，推动地方政府投资建设更可靠的公共交通。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clamor for change｜强烈要求变革",
   "public clamor｜公众的强烈呼声",
   "clamor to be heard｜吵着要求被听见"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "outcry",
   "din"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式拼写；英式为clamour。要求某物用clamor for。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clamor"
 },
 {
  "w": "amiable",
  "uk": "/ˈeɪmiəbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈeɪmiəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "和蔼可亲的；友善的",
    "en": "Friendly, pleasant, and easy to get along with."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our amiable neighbour always stops to chat by the gate.",
    "zh": "我们那位和蔼的邻居总会在门口停下来聊几句。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An amiable manner can help healthcare professionals build trust with patients from diverse cultural backgrounds.",
    "zh": "亲切的态度能帮助医护人员与来自不同文化背景的患者建立信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "amiable manner｜亲切的态度",
   "amiable personality｜随和的性格",
   "amiable smile｜友善的微笑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "amiability (n.)",
   "amiably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "friendly",
   "pleasant",
   "good-natured"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfriendly",
   "hostile"
  ],
  "tip": "amiable多形容人；amicable多形容关系或协议。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amiable"
 },
 {
  "w": "illegible",
  "uk": "/ɪˈledʒəbl/",
  "us": "/ɪˈledʒəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "字迹难以辨认的",
    "en": "impossible or very difficult to read because of unclear writing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Rain had made the address on the envelope illegible.",
    "zh": "雨水把信封上的地址弄得无法辨认了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Illegible handwriting on medical forms can cause errors that put patient safety at risk.",
    "zh": "医疗表格上难以辨认的字迹可能引发错误，危及患者安全。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "illegible handwriting｜难以辨认的笔迹",
   "almost illegible｜几乎无法辨认",
   "render something illegible｜使某物字迹无法辨认"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "legible (adj.)",
   "legibility (n.)",
   "illegibly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unreadable",
   "indecipherable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "legible"
  ],
  "tip": "illegible指字迹看不清，不是文章内容难懂。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "illegible"
 },
 {
  "w": "notary",
  "uk": "/ˈnəʊtəri/",
  "us": "/ˈnoʊtəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公证人",
    "en": "An official authorised to witness signatures and certify documents."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We signed the property documents in front of a notary.",
    "zh": "我们在公证人面前签署了房产文件。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A notary can verify signatures on legal documents, helping reduce the risk of fraud in property transactions.",
    "zh": "公证人可以核验法律文件上的签名，帮助降低房产交易中的欺诈风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "notary public｜公证人",
   "consult a notary｜咨询公证人",
   "before a notary｜在公证人面前"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "notarial (adj.)",
   "notarise (v.)",
   "notarisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "也称notary public；具体职权因国家而异。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "notary"
 },
 {
  "w": "idleness",
  "uk": "/ˈaɪdəlnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈaɪdəlnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "无所事事；懒散",
    "en": "The state of not working or doing anything."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After weeks of idleness, I finally cleaned the garage.",
    "zh": "闲了几个星期后，我终于打扫了车库。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Long periods of enforced idleness during unemployment can damage confidence and make returning to work more difficult.",
    "zh": "失业期间长期被迫无事可做，会损害自信，使重返职场变得更加困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "enforced idleness｜被迫闲着",
   "a life of idleness｜无所事事的生活",
   "sheer idleness｜纯粹的懒惰"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "idle (adj.)",
   "idle (v.)",
   "idly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inactivity",
   "laziness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "activity",
   "industry"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数；既可指懒散，也可指被迫闲着。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "idleness"
 },
 {
  "w": "temperate",
  "uk": "/ˈtempərət/",
  "us": "/ˈtempərət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "气候温和的",
    "en": "Having weather that is neither very hot nor very cold"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "克制的；适度的",
    "en": "Showing restraint rather than extreme behaviour or feelings"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We enjoy walking outdoors in this temperate climate.",
    "zh": "这里气候温和，我们喜欢在户外散步。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Temperate regions may experience significant changes in rainfall patterns as global temperatures continue to rise.",
    "zh": "随着全球气温持续上升，温带地区的降雨模式可能发生显著变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "temperate climate｜温和的气候",
   "temperate zone｜温带",
   "temperate language｜克制的措辞"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "temperately (adv.)",
   "temperance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mild",
   "moderate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "extreme"
  ],
  "tip": "气候义指不太冷也不太热；不等于热带的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "temperate"
 },
 {
  "w": "herbivorous",
  "uk": "/hɜːˈbɪvərəs/",
  "us": "/hɝːˈbɪvərəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "食草的；以植物为食的",
    "en": "feeding on plants rather than other animals"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These herbivorous lizards enjoy fresh leaves from our garden.",
    "zh": "这些食草蜥蜴喜欢吃我们花园里的新鲜叶子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Herbivorous animals influence forest growth by consuming young plants and spreading seeds through their droppings.",
    "zh": "食草动物通过吃掉幼苗和利用粪便传播种子来影响森林生长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "herbivorous animals｜食草动物",
   "herbivorous mammals｜食草哺乳动物",
   "herbivorous species｜食草物种"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "herbivore (n.)",
   "herbivory (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "plant-eating"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "carnivorous"
  ],
  "tip": "不仅指吃草，也包括以树叶、果实等植物为食。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "herbivorous"
 },
 {
  "w": "granary",
  "uk": "/ˈɡrænəri/",
  "us": "/ˈɡreɪnəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谷仓；粮仓",
    "en": "A building where harvested grain is stored."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer carried another sack of wheat into the granary.",
    "zh": "农夫又把一袋小麦搬进谷仓。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A well-maintained granary can protect harvested crops from moisture and reduce food losses in rural communities.",
    "zh": "维护良好的谷仓可以防止收获的作物受潮，并减少农村社区的粮食损失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "store grain in a granary｜把谷物储存在粮仓里",
   "wooden granary｜木制谷仓",
   "communal granary｜公共粮仓"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指储存谷物的建筑；barn用途更广，也可养牲畜。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "granary"
 },
 {
  "w": "absurdity",
  "uk": "/əbˈsɜːdəti/",
  "us": "/əbˈsɜːrdəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "荒谬；荒唐",
    "en": "the quality of being unreasonable, ridiculous, or illogical"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "荒唐事；荒谬言论",
    "en": "an action, situation, or statement that makes no sense"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We laughed at the absurdity of wearing coats indoors.",
    "zh": "我们对在室内穿大衣这件荒唐事笑了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Critics highlighted the absurdity of building more roads while claiming to reduce dependence on private cars.",
    "zh": "批评者指出，一边修建更多道路，一边声称要减少对私家车的依赖，这很荒谬。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the absurdity of｜……的荒谬之处",
   "sheer absurdity｜完全荒谬",
   "expose an absurdity｜揭露荒唐之处"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "absurd (adj.)",
   "absurdly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ridiculousness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reasonableness"
  ],
  "tip": "表示荒谬性质时不可数；指具体荒唐事时可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "absurdity"
 },
 {
  "w": "innocuous",
  "uk": "/ɪˈnɒkjuəs/",
  "us": "/ɪˈnɑːkjuəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无害的；无伤大雅的",
    "en": "Not likely to cause harm or offend anyone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her question seemed innocuous, so I answered without hesitation.",
    "zh": "她的问题似乎无伤大雅，所以我毫不犹豫地回答了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Seemingly innocuous household products can damage aquatic ecosystems when large quantities enter rivers through wastewater.",
    "zh": "看似无害的家用产品如果随废水大量进入河流，也可能破坏水生生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "innocuous remark｜无伤大雅的话",
   "seemingly innocuous｜看似无害的",
   "innocuous substance｜无害物质"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "innocuously (adv.)",
   "innocuousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "harmless",
   "inoffensive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "harmful",
   "offensive"
  ],
  "tip": "可形容物质无害，也可形容言论不冒犯人。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "innocuous"
 },
 {
  "w": "sphere",
  "uk": "/sfɪə/",
  "us": "/sfɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "球体；球形",
    "en": "A perfectly round solid shape, like a ball."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "领域；范围",
    "en": "An area of activity, knowledge, or influence."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She rolled the clay into a smooth sphere.",
    "zh": "她把黏土揉成了一个光滑的球体。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital technology has expanded the sphere of education beyond classrooms, allowing students to learn almost anywhere.",
    "zh": "数字技术将教育领域拓展到课堂之外，让学生几乎可以在任何地方学习。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a perfect sphere｜完美球体",
   "sphere of influence｜影响范围",
   "the public sphere｜公共领域"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spherical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "球体用sphere，平面上的圆用circle。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sphere"
 },
 {
  "w": "alight",
  "uk": "/əˈlaɪt/",
  "us": "/əˈlaɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "燃烧着的；明亮的",
    "en": "Burning or shining brightly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "下车；降落",
    "en": "To get off a vehicle or land on a surface."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The candles were still alight when we arrived.",
    "zh": "我们到达时，蜡烛还燃着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Passengers should wait until the bus has stopped completely before they alight from the vehicle.",
    "zh": "乘客应等公交车完全停稳后再下车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "set something alight｜点燃某物",
   "alight from a train｜下火车",
   "alight on a branch｜落在树枝上"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "burning",
   "disembark"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词通常作表语；下车用alight from。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alight"
 },
 {
  "w": "trivial",
  "uk": "/ˈtrɪviəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtrɪviəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "琐碎的；不重要的",
    "en": "having little importance or seriousness"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We wasted the afternoon arguing over a trivial detail.",
    "zh": "我们为一个无关紧要的细节争论，浪费了整个下午。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public debates sometimes focus on trivial disagreements rather than the urgent environmental problems affecting future generations.",
    "zh": "公众讨论有时聚焦于琐碎的分歧，而非影响子孙后代的紧迫环境问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "trivial matter｜小事",
   "trivial detail｜无关紧要的细节",
   "trivial complaint｜对小事的抱怨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "trivially (adv.)",
   "triviality (n.)",
   "trivialise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unimportant",
   "insignificant",
   "minor"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "important",
   "significant"
  ],
  "tip": "指重要性低，不等于容易；trivial matters指琐事。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trivial"
 },
 {
  "w": "assurance",
  "uk": "/əˈʃʊərəns/",
  "us": "/əˈʃʊrəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保证；担保",
    "en": "A promise intended to remove doubt or worry."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自信；把握",
    "en": "Confidence in your abilities or in what you believe."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She gave me her assurance that dinner was ready.",
    "zh": "她向我保证晚餐已经准备好了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents sought an assurance from the council that the new development would not reduce access to public parks.",
    "zh": "居民要求地方议会保证，新开发项目不会影响公众前往公园。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "give an assurance｜作出保证",
   "quality assurance｜质量保证",
   "speak with assurance｜自信地说",
   "life assurance｜人寿保险"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assure (v.)",
   "assured (adj.)",
   "reassurance (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "promise",
   "confidence"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uncertainty"
  ],
  "tip": "表示具体保证时可数；表示自信时通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assurance"
 },
 {
  "w": "mercury",
  "uk": "/ˈmɜːkjəri/",
  "us": "/ˈmɝːkjəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "汞；水银",
    "en": "A poisonous, silver-coloured metal that is liquid at room temperature."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This old thermometer contains mercury, so handle it carefully.",
    "zh": "这支旧温度计含有水银，因此要小心拿放。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Industrial mercury pollution can accumulate in fish and pose serious risks to human health.",
    "zh": "工业汞污染可导致汞在鱼体内积累，对人类健康构成严重风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mercury poisoning｜汞中毒",
   "mercury pollution｜汞污染",
   "mercury thermometer｜水银温度计"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "quicksilver"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "mercury指汞，不可数；大写Mercury可指水星。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mercury"
 },
 {
  "w": "latent",
  "uk": "/ˈleɪtənt/",
  "us": "/ˈleɪtənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "潜在的；潜伏的",
    "en": "Present but not yet active, visible, or fully developed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her first pottery class revealed a latent artistic talent.",
    "zh": "第一堂陶艺课显露了她潜在的艺术天赋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Supportive teaching can help students develop latent abilities that conventional examinations may fail to identify.",
    "zh": "支持性的教学能帮助学生发展传统考试可能无法识别的潜在能力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "latent talent｜潜在天赋",
   "latent potential｜潜能",
   "latent infection｜潜伏感染",
   "latent demand｜潜在需求"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "latency (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "dormant",
   "hidden"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "manifest"
  ],
  "tip": "指已经存在但尚未显现或发挥作用。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "latent"
 },
 {
  "w": "spur",
  "uk": "/spɜː/",
  "us": "/spɝ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "激励；促进",
    "en": "To encourage action or cause something to develop faster"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刺激；推动力",
    "en": "Something that encourages action or further progress"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "马刺",
    "en": "A metal device on a rider's boot for urging a horse"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her friend's encouragement spurred her to finish the race.",
    "zh": "朋友的鼓励激励她跑完了比赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in reliable public transport can spur economic growth by connecting workers with a wider range of jobs.",
    "zh": "投资可靠的公共交通可以让劳动者接触到更多就业机会，从而促进经济增长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "spur economic growth｜促进经济增长",
   "spur someone into action｜促使某人行动",
   "a spur to innovation｜创新的推动力",
   "on the spur of the moment｜一时兴起"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "stimulate",
   "motivate",
   "impetus"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "discourage",
   "hinder"
  ],
  "tip": "常用spur sb to do；过去式spurred双写r。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "spur"
 },
 {
  "w": "torment",
  "uk": "/ˈtɔːment/",
  "us": "/ˈtɔːrment/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "剧烈痛苦；折磨",
    "en": "severe physical pain or mental suffering"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使痛苦；折磨；烦扰",
    "en": "to cause someone severe suffering or repeated distress"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The constant itching was a torment all night.",
    "zh": "持续的瘙痒折磨了我整整一夜。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Persistent uncertainty about employment can torment workers and undermine their mental health over time.",
    "zh": "就业状况长期不确定会折磨劳动者，并逐渐损害他们的心理健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mental torment｜精神折磨",
   "in torment｜处于极度痛苦中",
   "tormented by guilt｜受内疚折磨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tormentor (n.)",
   "tormented (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "anguish",
   "torture"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词重音在首音节；动词重音在第二音节。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "torment"
 },
 {
  "w": "ambiguous",
  "uk": "/æmˈbɪɡjuəs/",
  "us": "/æmˈbɪɡjuəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有歧义的；含糊的",
    "en": "Having more than one possible meaning or interpretation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His ambiguous reply left us unsure whether to come.",
    "zh": "他的回答含糊不清，让我们拿不准该不该来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Ambiguous wording in public health advice can confuse readers and reduce their confidence in official guidance.",
    "zh": "公共卫生建议中的含糊措辞可能让读者困惑，并降低他们对官方指导的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ambiguous wording｜含糊的措辞",
   "ambiguous statement｜有歧义的陈述",
   "remain ambiguous｜仍不明确"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ambiguity (n.)",
   "ambiguously (adv.)",
   "unambiguous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unclear",
   "equivocal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unambiguous",
   "clear"
  ],
  "tip": "侧重可作多种解读；vague侧重细节不清。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ambiguous"
 },
 {
  "w": "quirk",
  "uk": "/kwɜːk/",
  "us": "/kwɝːk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "怪癖；独特之处",
    "en": "an unusual habit or feature of someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "偶然的怪事",
    "en": "a strange event caused by chance"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One of her quirks is sorting socks by colour.",
    "zh": "她的一个小怪癖是按颜色整理袜子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A quirk of the housing market has left some coastal villages cheaper than nearby inland towns.",
    "zh": "住房市场的一个反常现象是，有些沿海村庄的房价竟低于附近的内陆城镇。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a personality quirk｜性格上的小怪癖",
   "a quirk of fate｜命运的巧合",
   "individual quirks｜个人独特之处"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "quirky (adj.)",
   "quirkiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "peculiarity",
   "oddity"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指无伤大雅的小怪癖或特点，不一定含贬义。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quirk"
 },
 {
  "w": "abide",
  "uk": "/əˈbaɪd/",
  "us": "/əˈbaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "遵守；服从",
    "en": "to follow a rule, agreement, or decision"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "容忍；忍受",
    "en": "to tolerate something, usually used with cannot"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone using the pool must abide by its rules.",
    "zh": "所有使用泳池的人都必须遵守泳池规定。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies should abide by environmental regulations even when doing so increases their production costs.",
    "zh": "企业应遵守环保法规，即使这样做会增加生产成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "abide by the rules｜遵守规则",
   "abide by an agreement｜遵守协议",
   "cannot abide｜无法忍受"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示遵守用abide by；表示忍受常用cannot abide。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "abide"
 },
 {
  "w": "telegraph",
  "uk": "/ˈtelɪɡrɑːf/",
  "us": "/ˈtelɪɡræf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "电报通信系统；电报机",
    "en": "A system or device sending messages electrically along wires."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发电报",
    "en": "To send a message using a telegraph."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "无意中流露；提前暴露",
    "en": "To reveal intentions or feelings, often without meaning to."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum guide demonstrated how the old telegraph worked.",
    "zh": "博物馆讲解员演示了这台老式电报机的工作原理。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The telegraph transformed international communication by allowing information to travel much faster than physical mail.",
    "zh": "电报使信息传递远快于实物邮件，从而改变了国际通信。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "telegraph operator｜电报员",
   "telegraph wire｜电报线",
   "telegraph your intentions｜提前暴露意图"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "telegraphic (adj.)",
   "telegraphy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "telegraph 指通信系统或设备；telegram 指电报消息。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "telegraph"
 },
 {
  "w": "quantify",
  "uk": "/ˈkwɒntɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈkwɑːntɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "量化；确定数量",
    "en": "to measure or express the amount of something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This app helps me quantify how much water I drink.",
    "zh": "这个应用帮我量化每天的饮水量。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers find it difficult to quantify the long-term social benefits of investing in public libraries.",
    "zh": "研究人员发现，投资公共图书馆的长期社会效益很难量化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "quantify the impact｜量化影响",
   "quantify the benefits｜量化效益",
   "difficult to quantify｜难以量化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "quantity (n.)",
   "quantification (n.)",
   "quantifiable (adj.)",
   "quantitative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "measure"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接宾语：quantify the impact。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quantify"
 },
 {
  "w": "reed",
  "uk": "/riːd/",
  "us": "/riːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "芦苇；苇秆",
    "en": "A tall grass with stiff stems growing near water"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "簧片",
    "en": "A thin strip that vibrates to produce sound in certain instruments"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small bird balanced on a reed beside the pond.",
    "zh": "一只小鸟稳稳地停在池塘边的一根芦苇上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reed beds provide shelter for wetland wildlife and can help remove pollutants from water flowing through them.",
    "zh": "芦苇丛为湿地野生动物提供庇护，还能帮助去除流经其中的水里的污染物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reed bed｜芦苇丛",
   "reed warbler｜苇莺",
   "clarinet reed｜单簧管簧片"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reedy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与read的原形同音；也指乐器中振动发声的簧片。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reed"
 },
 {
  "w": "industrious",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdʌstriəs/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdʌstriəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "勤劳的；勤奋的",
    "en": "working hard and carefully over a sustained period"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My industrious neighbour grows vegetables and repairs furniture every weekend.",
    "zh": "我勤劳的邻居每个周末都种菜、修家具。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although industrious employees contribute greatly to productivity, employers must also provide adequate training and reasonable working conditions.",
    "zh": "尽管勤奋的员工对生产效率贡献很大，雇主也必须提供充分的培训和合理的工作条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an industrious worker｜勤劳的工人",
   "an industrious student｜勤奋的学生"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "industriously (adv.)",
   "industriousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hard-working",
   "diligent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "lazy",
   "idle"
  ],
  "tip": "industrious 指勤奋的；industrial 指工业的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "industrious"
 },
 {
  "w": "foster",
  "uk": "/ˈfɒstə/",
  "us": "/ˈfɑːstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "促进；培养",
    "en": "to encourage something to develop or grow"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "寄养；代养",
    "en": "to care for another person's child, usually temporarily"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "寄养的；代养的",
    "en": "involving care for a child by someone other than their parents"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Shared meals foster closer friendships among our neighbours.",
    "zh": "一起吃饭让我们邻里之间的友谊更加深厚。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools can foster creativity by allowing students to explore problems without prescribing a single solution.",
    "zh": "学校可以让学生探索问题而不限定唯一解法，以培养创造力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "foster creativity｜培养创造力",
   "foster cooperation｜促进合作",
   "foster a child｜寄养孩子",
   "foster parents｜寄养父母"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fostering (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "encourage",
   "nurture",
   "promote"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hinder"
  ],
  "tip": "foster常指暂时代养；adopt指依法收养。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "foster"
 },
 {
  "w": "tremor",
  "uk": "/ˈtremə/",
  "us": "/ˈtremər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轻微地震；震动",
    "en": "A small earthquake or a brief shaking movement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "颤抖；战栗",
    "en": "An involuntary shaking of the body or voice."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A slight tremor made the cups rattle on their hooks.",
    "zh": "一次轻微震动使挂钩上的杯子碰得叮当响。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sensitive monitoring equipment can detect a minor tremor that people living nearby may not notice.",
    "zh": "灵敏的监测设备能够探测到附近居民可能察觉不到的轻微地震。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "earth tremor｜轻微地震",
   "hand tremor｜手部颤抖",
   "a tremor in her voice｜她声音中的颤抖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tremulous (adj.)",
   "tremulously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shaking",
   "quiver"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常作名词；声音中的颤抖用a tremor in the voice。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tremor"
 },
 {
  "w": "physician",
  "uk": "/fɪˈzɪʃən/",
  "us": "/fɪˈzɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "医生；内科医生",
    "en": "A medical doctor, especially one treating illness without surgery."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The physician listened carefully as I described my symptoms.",
    "zh": "我描述症状时，医生认真地听着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to a qualified physician remains limited in remote areas, contributing to significant inequalities in healthcare.",
    "zh": "偏远地区获得合格医生诊治的机会仍然有限，这加剧了医疗服务方面的显著不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "consult a physician｜咨询医生",
   "qualified physician｜合格的医生",
   "primary care physician｜初级保健医生"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "doctor"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常泛指医生；英式常指内科医生。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "physician"
 },
 {
  "w": "jeopardize",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒepədaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒepərdaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "危及；使陷入危险",
    "en": "To put something valuable at risk of harm or loss."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Skipping these safety checks could jeopardize the whole trip.",
    "zh": "省略这些安全检查可能危及整个行程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive use of groundwater could jeopardize future food production in regions already affected by drought.",
    "zh": "过度开采地下水可能危及已受干旱影响地区未来的粮食生产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "jeopardize safety｜危及安全",
   "jeopardize prospects｜损害前景",
   "jeopardize a relationship｜危及关系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jeopardy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "endanger",
   "imperil"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "safeguard",
   "protect"
  ],
  "tip": "直接接宾语；英式英语也常拼作jeopardise。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jeopardize"
 },
 {
  "w": "clarification",
  "uk": "/ˌklærɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌklærəfəˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "澄清；进一步说明",
    "en": "an explanation that makes something clearer or easier to understand"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I asked for clarification before signing the rental agreement.",
    "zh": "签租房合同前，我要求对方进一步说明。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students benefit from clarification of assessment criteria before they begin complex research assignments at university.",
    "zh": "大学生在开始复杂的研究作业前，若评分标准得到明确说明，会更有帮助。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ask for clarification｜请求说明",
   "provide clarification｜作出说明",
   "clarification of the rules｜对规则的澄清",
   "seek clarification on｜就……寻求解释"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clarify (v.)",
   "clarity (n.)",
   "clear (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "explanation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用clarification of或on；通常作不可数名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clarification"
 },
 {
  "w": "zeal",
  "uk": "/ziːl/",
  "us": "/ziːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "热情；热忱",
    "en": "great energy and enthusiasm for an activity or cause"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She tackled the garden cleanup with remarkable zeal.",
    "zh": "她以极大的热情投入到花园清理工作中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Volunteers' zeal can strengthen community projects, but sustained progress also requires reliable funding and professional support.",
    "zh": "志愿者的热忱能推动社区项目，但持续进展也需要稳定的资金和专业支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "zeal for learning｜学习热情",
   "with great zeal｜满怀热忱地",
   "missionary zeal｜传教士般的热忱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "zealous (adj.)",
   "zealously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enthusiasm",
   "passion"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "apathy"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词；常用zeal for表示对某事的热情。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "zeal"
 },
 {
  "w": "futures",
  "uk": "/ˈfjuːtʃəz/",
  "us": "/ˈfjuːtʃərz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "期货；期货合约",
    "en": "Contracts to trade assets later at prices agreed now."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin trades wheat futures from her home office.",
    "zh": "我表姐在家中的办公室交易小麦期货。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers can use futures to protect themselves against falling crop prices, although these contracts also involve financial risks.",
    "zh": "农民可以利用期货防范农作物价格下跌，但这些合约也涉及金融风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "futures market｜期货市场",
   "futures contract｜期货合约",
   "trade futures｜交易期货",
   "oil futures｜石油期货"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "future (n.)",
   "future (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "金融义用复数形式；futures contract指期货合约。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "futures"
 },
 {
  "w": "revelation",
  "uk": "/ˌrevəˈleɪʃn/",
  "us": "/ˌrevəˈleɪʃn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "惊人的发现；被揭露的事",
    "en": "A surprising fact that becomes known."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "揭露；披露",
    "en": "The act of making previously hidden information known."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His revelation about the hidden garden surprised us all.",
    "zh": "他透露的那个隐秘花园让我们都很惊讶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recent revelations about industrial pollution have increased public pressure for stricter environmental regulations and greater corporate transparency.",
    "zh": "近期披露的工业污染问题加大了公众压力，要求加强环境监管并提高企业透明度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a startling revelation｜惊人的发现",
   "revelations about｜关于……的披露",
   "come as a revelation｜令人恍然大悟"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reveal (v.)",
   "revealing (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disclosure"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "具体的新发现可数；指披露这一行为时常不可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "revelation"
 },
 {
  "w": "overpayment",
  "uk": "/ˌəʊvəˈpeɪmənt/",
  "us": "/ˌoʊvɚˈpeɪmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "多付的款项；超额支付",
    "en": "Money paid beyond the amount owed, or paying too much"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The cashier returned my overpayment before I left.",
    "zh": "我离开前，收银员退还了我多付的钱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Clear payroll procedures can prevent accidental overpayment and reduce disputes between employers and their staff.",
    "zh": "清晰的工资发放流程可以防止意外多付款，并减少雇主与员工之间的纠纷。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an overpayment of wages｜多发的工资",
   "recover an overpayment｜追回多付款项",
   "refund an overpayment｜退还多付款项"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "overpay (v.)",
   "payment (n.)",
   "pay (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "underpayment"
  ],
  "tip": "款项用of引出：an overpayment of wages。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "overpayment"
 },
 {
  "w": "radiant",
  "uk": "/ˈreɪdiənt/",
  "us": "/ˈreɪdiənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "喜气洋洋的；容光焕发的",
    "en": "Showing great happiness through your face or appearance."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "光芒四射的",
    "en": "Shining brightly with light."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "辐射的",
    "en": "Transmitted as waves, especially heat or light."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She looked radiant as she held her newborn baby.",
    "zh": "她抱着刚出生的宝宝，脸上洋溢着幸福。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Buildings can use radiant heating systems to maintain comfortable indoor temperatures during the winter months.",
    "zh": "建筑物可以利用辐射供暖系统，在冬季保持舒适的室内温度。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a radiant smile｜灿烂的笑容",
   "radiant heat｜辐射热",
   "radiant energy｜辐射能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "radiance (n.)",
   "radiantly (adv.)",
   "radiate (v.)",
   "radiation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "beaming",
   "glowing"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容人常指幸福得容光焕发；radiant heat 指辐射热。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "radiant"
 },
 {
  "w": "successive",
  "uk": "/səkˈsesɪv/",
  "us": "/səkˈsesɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "连续的；接连的",
    "en": "following one after another without a break"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy rain kept us indoors for three successive days.",
    "zh": "大雨连续三天让我们只能待在室内。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Successive governments have invested in public transport, but rural communities still lack reliable bus services.",
    "zh": "历届政府都投资了公共交通，但农村社区仍缺乏可靠的公交服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "successive generations｜一代又一代",
   "successive governments｜历届政府",
   "successive years｜连续多年"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "succession (n.)",
   "successively (adv.)",
   "successor (n.)",
   "succeed (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "consecutive"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "successive指接连的；successful才是成功的。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "successive"
 },
 {
  "w": "discrete",
  "uk": "/dɪˈskriːt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈskriːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "独立的；分离的",
    "en": "Separate and distinct rather than joined or continuous."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We divided the project into three discrete tasks.",
    "zh": "我们把这个项目分成了三项独立的任务。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers classified participants into discrete groups to compare the effects of different teaching methods.",
    "zh": "研究人员将参与者分成不同的组，以比较不同教学方法的效果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "discrete categories｜独立类别",
   "discrete units｜独立单元",
   "discrete data｜离散数据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "discretely (adv.)",
   "discreteness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "separate",
   "distinct"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "continuous"
  ],
  "tip": "勿混 discreet（谨慎的）；两词读音相同。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "discrete"
 },
 {
  "w": "persecute",
  "uk": "/ˈpɜːsɪkjuːt/",
  "us": "/ˈpɝːsɪkjuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "迫害",
    "en": "To treat people cruelly because of their beliefs or identity."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "纠缠；不断困扰",
    "en": "To repeatedly trouble someone or treat them unfairly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her grandparents were persecuted because of their religious beliefs.",
    "zh": "她的祖父母曾因宗教信仰受到迫害。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments must protect minority communities and ensure that nobody is persecuted for peacefully expressing their beliefs.",
    "zh": "政府必须保护少数群体，确保没有人因和平表达信念而遭受迫害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "religiously persecuted｜因宗教而受迫害",
   "persecute minorities｜迫害少数群体",
   "persecuted for their beliefs｜因信仰而受迫害"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "persecution (n.)",
   "persecutor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "oppress",
   "victimise"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "persecute指迫害；prosecute指依法起诉。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "persecute"
 },
 {
  "w": "fusion",
  "uk": "/ˈfjuːʒən/",
  "us": "/ˈfjuːʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "融合；结合",
    "en": "the joining of different things into a single whole"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "核聚变",
    "en": "the joining of light atomic nuclei, releasing energy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her cooking is a fusion of different regional styles.",
    "zh": "她的烹饪融合了不同地区的风格。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists are investigating nuclear fusion as a potential source of abundant energy with low carbon emissions.",
    "zh": "科学家正在研究核聚变，将其视为一种潜在的、供应充足且碳排放低的能源。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fusion of styles｜多种风格的融合",
   "fusion cuisine｜融合菜",
   "nuclear fusion｜核聚变"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fuse (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "merging",
   "combination"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "separation"
  ],
  "tip": "核聚变用fusion；核裂变用fission，注意区分。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fusion"
 },
 {
  "w": "breadth",
  "uk": "/bredθ/",
  "us": "/bredθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "广度；范围",
    "en": "The wide range of things something includes."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "宽度",
    "en": "The distance from one side of something to the other."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The breadth of her interests always surprises her friends.",
    "zh": "她的兴趣之广总让朋友们感到惊讶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities should balance breadth of knowledge with opportunities for students to develop expertise in a chosen field.",
    "zh": "大学应兼顾知识的广度，并为学生提供在所选领域发展专长的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "breadth of knowledge｜知识的广度",
   "breadth of experience｜阅历的丰富程度",
   "breadth and depth｜广度与深度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "broad (adj.)",
   "broaden (v.)",
   "broadly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "width",
   "range"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "breadth强调广度；depth强调深度，二者常并列。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "breadth"
 },
 {
  "w": "dilute",
  "uk": "/daɪˈluːt/",
  "us": "/daɪˈluːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "稀释；冲淡",
    "en": "To make a liquid weaker by adding water or another liquid."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "削弱；减弱",
    "en": "To reduce the strength, quality, or influence of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "稀释的；浓度低的",
    "en": "Containing a relatively small amount of a substance in liquid."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dilute the juice with water before giving it to children.",
    "zh": "给孩子喝果汁前，先加水稀释。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive commercial involvement may dilute the educational value of programmes designed for young television viewers.",
    "zh": "过多的商业介入可能削弱面向青少年观众的电视节目的教育价值。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dilute with water｜用水稀释",
   "a dilute solution｜稀溶液",
   "dilute the impact｜削弱影响"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "dilution (n.)",
   "undiluted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "weaken"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "concentrate"
  ],
  "tip": "dilute A with B表示用液体B稀释A。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dilute"
 },
 {
  "w": "inmate",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnmeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnmeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "囚犯；服刑人员",
    "en": "A person who is kept in a prison."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Each inmate can borrow books from the prison library.",
    "zh": "每位服刑人员都可以从监狱图书馆借书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Providing inmates with vocational training may improve their employment prospects and reduce the risk of reoffending.",
    "zh": "为服刑人员提供职业培训可能改善其就业前景，降低再次犯罪的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prison inmate｜监狱服刑人员",
   "inmate rehabilitation｜服刑人员改造",
   "former inmate｜曾服刑者"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "prisoner"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "现代通常指囚犯，不可用来泛指室友或居民。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inmate"
 },
 {
  "w": "contempt",
  "uk": "/kənˈtempt/",
  "us": "/kənˈtempt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "轻蔑；鄙视",
    "en": "A strong feeling that someone or something deserves no respect"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "藐视法庭",
    "en": "Behaviour that disobeys a court or disrespects its authority"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He showed contempt for my suggestion by laughing.",
    "zh": "他用嘲笑来表示对我建议的轻蔑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When officials treat public concerns with contempt, trust in democratic institutions can decline significantly.",
    "zh": "当官员轻视公众的关切时，人们对民主制度的信任可能显著下降。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contempt for｜对……的鄙视",
   "treat someone with contempt｜轻蔑地对待某人",
   "contempt of court｜藐视法庭"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contemptuous (adj.)",
   "contemptuously (adv.)",
   "contemptible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "scorn",
   "disdain"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "respect",
   "admiration"
  ],
  "tip": "contempt for指鄙视某人或某事；通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contempt"
 },
 {
  "w": "irresistible",
  "uk": "/ˌɪrɪˈzɪstəbl/",
  "us": "/ˌɪrɪˈzɪstəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "诱人得难以抗拒的",
    "en": "so attractive that you cannot refuse or avoid it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "无法抵挡的",
    "en": "too strong or powerful to resist"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The smell of freshly baked bread was irresistible.",
    "zh": "刚烤好的面包香气让人无法抗拒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Online retailers use personalised recommendations to make certain products seem irresistible to potential customers.",
    "zh": "网络零售商利用个性化推荐，让某些商品对潜在顾客显得极具吸引力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "irresistible temptation｜无法抗拒的诱惑",
   "irresistible urge｜难以抑制的冲动",
   "irresistible charm｜难以抗拒的魅力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "resist (v.)",
   "resistance (n.)",
   "irresistibly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "compelling",
   "alluring"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "resistible"
  ],
  "tip": "常形容魅力、诱惑或冲动强烈得令人无法抗拒。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "irresistible"
 },
 {
  "w": "inefficiency",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnɪˈfɪʃənsi/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnɪˈfɪʃənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "效率低下；低效现象",
    "en": "failure to use time, money, or resources well"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The kitchen's inefficiency left everyone waiting for dinner.",
    "zh": "厨房效率低下，让大家一直等着吃晚饭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Investment in modern equipment can reduce inefficiency and improve productivity across the manufacturing sector.",
    "zh": "投资现代化设备能够减少低效现象，提高整个制造业的生产率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "operational inefficiency｜运营效率低下",
   "reduce inefficiency｜减少低效现象",
   "administrative inefficiency｜行政效率低下"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inefficient (adj.)",
   "inefficiently (adv.)",
   "efficiency (n.)",
   "efficient (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "efficiency"
  ],
  "tip": "指浪费时间或资源，不等于个人完全无能。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inefficiency"
 },
 {
  "w": "correspondence",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒrəˈspɒndəns/",
  "us": "/ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "通信；往来信件",
    "en": "Written communication between people, or the messages they exchange."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一致；对应关系",
    "en": "A close similarity or connection between two things."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She keeps her correspondence with her cousin in a drawer.",
    "zh": "她把与表亲的往来信件放在抽屉里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historical correspondence can reveal how ordinary families experienced social changes that official records describe only briefly.",
    "zh": "历史上的往来信件能揭示普通家庭如何经历官方记录仅简略提及的社会变迁。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "correspondence with someone｜与某人的通信",
   "business correspondence｜商务信函",
   "correspondence between｜……之间的对应关系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "correspond (v.)",
   "correspondent (n.)",
   "corresponding (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示往来信件时不可数；与某人通信用with。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "correspondence"
 },
 {
  "w": "detest",
  "uk": "/dɪˈtest/",
  "us": "/dɪˈtest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "厌恶；憎恨",
    "en": "to dislike someone or something very strongly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I detest waiting outside in the freezing rain.",
    "zh": "我非常讨厌在冰冷的雨中站在外面等候。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many commuters detest overcrowded trains, yet they have few affordable alternatives for travelling to work.",
    "zh": "许多通勤者十分厌恶拥挤的列车，却很少有其他负担得起的上班出行方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "detest doing something｜厌恶做某事",
   "detest violence｜憎恶暴力",
   "absolutely detest｜极其厌恶"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "detestable (adj.)",
   "detestation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "loathe",
   "hate",
   "abhor"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "love",
   "adore"
  ],
  "tip": "后接名词或动名词：detest doing，不接to do。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "detest"
 },
 {
  "w": "betrayal",
  "uk": "/bɪˈtreɪəl/",
  "us": "/bɪˈtreɪəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "背叛；出卖",
    "en": "An act that breaks someone's trust or loyalty."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Sharing my private diary felt like a terrible betrayal.",
    "zh": "把我的私人日记给别人看，让我觉得遭到了严重的背叛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many voters regard broken election promises as a betrayal of the trust they place in political leaders.",
    "zh": "许多选民把不兑现竞选承诺视为对他们给予政治领导人的信任的背叛。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a betrayal of trust｜辜负信任",
   "a sense of betrayal｜被背叛的感觉",
   "an act of betrayal｜背叛行为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "betray (v.)",
   "betrayer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disloyalty",
   "treachery"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "loyalty",
   "faithfulness"
  ],
  "tip": "通常指辜负信任；并非一般意义上的“暴露”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "betrayal"
 },
 {
  "w": "cradle",
  "uk": "/ˈkreɪdəl/",
  "us": "/ˈkreɪdəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "摇篮",
    "en": "A small bed for a baby that can rock."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发源地；发祥地",
    "en": "The place where something important first developed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "轻轻抱着；托住",
    "en": "Hold someone or something gently and protectively."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The baby slept peacefully in a wooden cradle.",
    "zh": "宝宝在木摇篮里安静地睡着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The region is often described as a cradle of agriculture because of its early farming settlements.",
    "zh": "由于拥有早期的农耕聚落，这一地区常被称为农业的发源地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rock a cradle｜摇动摇篮",
   "the cradle of civilisation｜文明的发源地",
   "cradle a baby｜轻轻抱着婴儿"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "the cradle of 可比喻某种文明或活动的发源地。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cradle"
 },
 {
  "w": "squeal",
  "uk": "/skwiːl/",
  "us": "/skwiːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发出尖叫；发出刺耳声",
    "en": "to make a long, high, sharp sound"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "尖叫声；刺耳长声",
    "en": "a long, high, sharp cry or noise"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "告密",
    "en": "to tell an authority about someone else's wrongdoing"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children squealed with delight as the puppy appeared.",
    "zh": "小狗一出现，孩子们就高兴得尖叫起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents reported that train wheels often squeal on sharp bends, causing noise disturbance in nearby homes.",
    "zh": "居民反映，火车车轮在急弯处经常发出刺耳声响，干扰附近住户的生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "squeal with delight｜高兴得尖叫",
   "a squeal of excitement｜兴奋的尖叫声",
   "squeal on someone｜告发某人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "shriek",
   "screech"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "表示“告密”属非正式用法，常用squeal on sb。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "squeal"
 },
 {
  "w": "patriotic",
  "uk": "/ˌpætriˈɒtɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌpeɪtriˈɑːtɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "爱国的",
    "en": "Showing love for and pride in your country."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather enjoys singing patriotic songs during national celebrations.",
    "zh": "祖父喜欢在全国性庆典期间唱爱国歌曲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Patriotic feeling can encourage community service, but it should not prevent citizens from questioning government policies.",
    "zh": "爱国情怀可以鼓励社区服务，但不应妨碍公民质疑政府政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "patriotic pride｜爱国自豪感",
   "patriotic songs｜爱国歌曲",
   "patriotic duty｜爱国责任"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "patriot (n.)",
   "patriotism (n.)",
   "patriotically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "unpatriotic"
  ],
  "tip": "patriotic强调爱国，不必然含排斥他国之意。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "patriotic"
 },
 {
  "w": "vulgar",
  "uk": "/ˈvʌlɡə/",
  "us": "/ˈvʌlɡɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "粗俗的；下流的",
    "en": "Rude or offensive, especially in language or behaviour."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "俗气的；庸俗的",
    "en": "Lacking good taste, especially through excessive display."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His vulgar joke made everyone at dinner uncomfortable.",
    "zh": "他的粗俗笑话让餐桌上的每个人都感到不自在。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some viewers argue that vulgar humour on television can encourage disrespectful behaviour among younger audiences.",
    "zh": "一些观众认为，电视上的粗俗幽默可能会助长年轻观众不尊重他人的行为。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vulgar language｜粗俗的语言",
   "vulgar joke｜下流的笑话",
   "vulgar display of wealth｜俗气的炫富行为"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vulgarity (n.)",
   "vulgarly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "crude",
   "coarse",
   "tasteless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "refined"
  ],
  "tip": "现代常用义带贬义，不宜用来表示“普通的”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vulgar"
 },
 {
  "w": "illiterate",
  "uk": "/ɪˈlɪtərət/",
  "us": "/ɪˈlɪtərət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不识字的；文盲的",
    "en": "Unable to read or write."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "缺乏某领域知识的",
    "en": "Lacking basic knowledge or skills in a particular area."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her grandfather was illiterate but told wonderful bedtime stories.",
    "zh": "她的祖父虽然不识字，却很会讲睡前故事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Free adult education can help illiterate citizens develop essential skills and participate more fully in society.",
    "zh": "免费的成人教育能够帮助不识字的公民掌握基本技能，更充分地参与社会生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "illiterate adults｜不识字的成年人",
   "computer illiterate｜不懂电脑的",
   "financially illiterate｜缺乏金融常识的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "illiteracy (n.)",
   "literate (adj.)",
   "literacy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "literate"
  ],
  "tip": "名词用法易显贬义，宜用形容词客观描述。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "illiterate"
 },
 {
  "w": "obsessive",
  "uk": "/əbˈsesɪv/",
  "us": "/əbˈsesɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "过度痴迷的；执念的",
    "en": "Thinking about something constantly and finding it difficult to stop."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His obsessive checking of the weather delayed our picnic.",
    "zh": "他没完没了地查看天气，耽误了我们的野餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Obsessive concern about academic performance can prevent students from maintaining healthy friendships and enjoying leisure activities.",
    "zh": "过度关注学业表现可能会妨碍学生维持健康的友谊和享受休闲活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "obsessive behaviour｜执念行为",
   "obsessive concern｜过度关注",
   "obsessive about details｜过度纠结细节"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "obsess (v.)",
   "obsession (n.)",
   "obsessively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比interested强得多，常含过度、难以自控之意。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obsessive"
 },
 {
  "w": "negation",
  "uk": "/nɪˈɡeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/nɪˈɡeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "否定；否认",
    "en": "the act of denying something or stating its opposite"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "否定表达",
    "en": "the grammatical expression that something is not true or present"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His firm headshake was a clear negation of my suggestion.",
    "zh": "他坚决地摇了摇头，明确否定了我的建议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In language teaching, understanding negation helps learners distinguish between statements that affirm facts and those that deny them.",
    "zh": "在语言教学中，理解否定表达有助于学习者区分肯定事实与否认事实的陈述。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complete negation｜彻底否定",
   "negation of a claim｜对某说法的否定",
   "double negation｜双重否定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "negate (v.)",
   "negative (adj.)",
   "negatively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "denial"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "affirmation"
  ],
  "tip": "偏正式；语法中指否定，日常说拒绝多用refusal。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "negation"
 },
 {
  "w": "fermentation",
  "uk": "/ˌfɜːmenˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌfɝːmenˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "发酵",
    "en": "Microbial breakdown of sugars into substances such as acids or alcohol."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Tiny bubbles appeared in the jar as fermentation began.",
    "zh": "发酵开始时，罐子里出现了细小的气泡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fermentation can extend the shelf life of certain foods while also changing their flavour and texture.",
    "zh": "发酵可以延长某些食品的保质期，同时改变其风味和质地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the fermentation process｜发酵过程",
   "lactic acid fermentation｜乳酸发酵",
   "controlled fermentation｜受控发酵"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ferment (v.)",
   "fermented (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常为不可数名词；动词是ferment。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fermentation"
 },
 {
  "w": "elimination",
  "uk": "/ɪˌlɪmɪˈneɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪˌlɪməˈneɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "消除；排除",
    "en": "the complete removal of something unwanted or unnecessary"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "淘汰",
    "en": "the removal of a competitor from a competition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Regular cleaning helps with the elimination of unpleasant kitchen smells.",
    "zh": "定期清洁有助于消除厨房里的难闻气味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The elimination of unnecessary packaging could significantly reduce household waste and lower the environmental impact of shopping.",
    "zh": "消除不必要的包装可以显著减少生活垃圾，降低购物对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "elimination of waste｜消除浪费",
   "process of elimination｜排除法",
   "face elimination｜面临淘汰",
   "complete elimination｜彻底消除"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eliminate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "removal"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词是eliminate；by elimination表示“用排除法”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elimination"
 },
 {
  "w": "alienate",
  "uk": "/ˈeɪliəneɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈeɪliəneɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使疏远；使失去支持",
    "en": "Make someone feel unwelcome or unwilling to support you"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His constant complaints alienated even his closest friends.",
    "zh": "他不停地抱怨，连最亲近的朋友都疏远了他。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public transport policies may alienate residents if local authorities fail to explain their benefits clearly.",
    "zh": "如果地方政府未能清楚解释公共交通政策的好处，这些政策可能会失去居民的支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "alienate voters｜失去选民的支持",
   "alienate customers｜使顾客疏远",
   "alienate someone from｜使某人与……疏远"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "alienation (n.)",
   "alienated (adj.)",
   "alienating (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指使人疏远或失去支持，不表示挪用。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alienate"
 },
 {
  "w": "hover",
  "uk": "/ˈhɒvə/",
  "us": "/ˈhʌvər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "悬停；盘旋",
    "en": "Stay in one place in the air."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "在附近徘徊",
    "en": "Stay nearby, often waiting or watching."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "在某水平上下浮动",
    "en": "Remain close to a particular level or amount."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A small helicopter hovered above the empty field.",
    "zh": "一架小型直升机悬停在空旷的田野上方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When unemployment rates hover around current levels, governments may need to invest more in vocational training.",
    "zh": "当失业率在当前水平附近徘徊时，政府可能需要加大职业培训投入。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hover overhead｜在头顶悬停",
   "hover nearby｜在附近徘徊",
   "hover around a level｜在某水平附近波动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hovering (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "核心是停留不去，不等于soar（翱翔）。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hover"
 },
 {
  "w": "proficiency",
  "uk": "/prəˈfɪʃənsi/",
  "us": "/prəˈfɪʃənsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "熟练；精通",
    "en": "A high level of skill or ability in something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her proficiency in French helped us order dinner easily.",
    "zh": "她熟练掌握法语，让我们轻松点好了晚餐。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities often require evidence of English proficiency to ensure students can participate fully in academic discussions.",
    "zh": "大学通常要求提供英语能力证明，以确保学生能够充分参与学术讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "proficiency in English｜英语熟练程度",
   "language proficiency｜语言能力",
   "proficiency test｜水平测试",
   "demonstrate proficiency｜展示熟练技能"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "proficient (adj.)",
   "proficiently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "competence",
   "skill"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "incompetence"
  ],
  "tip": "常用proficiency in接语言、学科或技能。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "proficiency"
 },
 {
  "w": "resultant",
  "uk": "/rɪˈzʌltənt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈzʌltənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "由此产生的",
    "en": "Happening or existing as a result of something else."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "合力；合向量",
    "en": "A single vector equivalent to two or more combined vectors."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A pipe burst, and the resultant flood ruined our carpet.",
    "zh": "一根水管爆裂，由此造成的积水毁了我们的地毯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid urban growth and the resultant demand for housing have placed considerable pressure on local infrastructure.",
    "zh": "城市快速发展及其带来的住房需求，给当地基础设施造成了巨大压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the resultant damage｜由此造成的损害",
   "the resultant increase｜由此产生的增长",
   "resultant force｜合力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "result (n.)",
   "result (v.)",
   "resulting (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "resulting",
   "consequent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较正式，常置于名词前；日常更常用resulting。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "resultant"
 },
 {
  "w": "structural",
  "uk": "/ˈstrʌktʃərəl/",
  "us": "/ˈstrʌktʃərəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "结构的；构造的",
    "en": "Relating to how something is built or its parts are arranged."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The builder found structural damage beneath the kitchen floor.",
    "zh": "建筑工人在厨房地板下面发现了结构性损坏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reducing long-term unemployment requires structural changes to the economy rather than temporary financial support alone.",
    "zh": "减少长期失业需要对经济进行结构性调整，而不能仅靠临时资金支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "structural damage｜结构性损坏",
   "structural change｜结构性变化",
   "structural engineering｜结构工程",
   "structural reform｜结构性改革"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "structure (n.)",
   "structure (v.)",
   "structurally (adv.)",
   "restructure (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指建筑结构，也可指经济、制度等的结构。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "structural"
 },
 {
  "w": "segregate",
  "uk": "/ˈseɡrɪɡeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈseɡrɪɡeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "隔离；实行种族隔离",
    "en": "To keep people apart based on race or other characteristics."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分开；分类存放",
    "en": "To separate things into different groups or locations."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The club refused to segregate children by family income.",
    "zh": "这家俱乐部拒绝按家庭收入将孩子分开。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools that segregate pupils by social background may reinforce inequality rather than promote mutual understanding.",
    "zh": "按社会背景隔离学生的学校可能会加剧不平等，而非促进相互理解。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "segregate by race｜按种族隔离",
   "segregate waste｜将废物分类",
   "racially segregated schools｜实行种族隔离的学校"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "segregation (n.)",
   "segregated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "separate",
   "isolate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "integrate"
  ],
  "tip": "segregate A from B指把A与B隔离。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "segregate"
 },
 {
  "w": "craze",
  "uk": "/kreɪz/",
  "us": "/kreɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一时的狂热；风靡",
    "en": "an activity or fashion that becomes extremely popular briefly"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The latest dance craze has everyone moving at parties.",
    "zh": "最新的舞蹈热潮让大家在聚会上都跳了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Social media can turn a local fashion into a global craze within a remarkably short period.",
    "zh": "社交媒体能在极短的时间内将一种地方时尚变成全球热潮。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the latest craze｜最新热潮",
   "a craze for something｜对某事物的狂热",
   "a fitness craze｜健身热潮"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "crazed (adj.)",
   "crazy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fad",
   "mania"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调短期风靡；常用a craze for加名词。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "craze"
 },
 {
  "w": "grim",
  "uk": "/ɡrɪm/",
  "us": "/ɡrɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严峻的；令人担忧的",
    "en": "very serious and giving little reason for hope"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "严肃冷峻的",
    "en": "looking very serious, worried, or determined"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "阴冷难受的；糟糕的",
    "en": "unpleasant, depressing, or uncomfortable"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The flood left a grim scene outside our house.",
    "zh": "洪水过后，我们屋外一片惨淡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without urgent investment in water infrastructure, the outlook for communities facing prolonged drought remains grim.",
    "zh": "如果不紧急投资供水基础设施，长期受干旱影响的社区前景仍然严峻。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a grim outlook｜严峻的前景",
   "a grim reality｜残酷的现实",
   "a grim expression｜冷峻的表情",
   "a grim reminder｜令人警醒的提醒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "grimly (adv.)",
   "grimness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "bleak",
   "gloomy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "hopeful",
   "cheerful"
  ],
  "tip": "常形容前景、现实或表情，强调沉重而非普通的不悦。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "grim"
 },
 {
  "w": "forerunner",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːrʌnə/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrʌnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "先驱；前身",
    "en": "Someone or something that comes before and influences a later development."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "前兆",
    "en": "Something that signals the arrival of a later event."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This bulky machine was a forerunner of today's laptops.",
    "zh": "这台笨重的机器是如今笔记本电脑的前身。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early public libraries were forerunners of modern community centres, offering shared spaces for learning and discussion.",
    "zh": "早期公共图书馆是现代社区中心的前身，为学习和讨论提供了公共空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a forerunner of｜……的前身",
   "a forerunner to｜……的先驱",
   "an early forerunner｜早期先驱"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "precursor",
   "predecessor"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "successor"
  ],
  "tip": "常用a forerunner of；不指比赛中领先的人。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "forerunner"
 },
 {
  "w": "millennium",
  "uk": "/mɪˈleniəm/",
  "us": "/mɪˈleniəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "一千年",
    "en": "A period of one thousand years."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "千禧年；千年之交",
    "en": "The point when one thousand-year period ends and another begins."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This ancient tree has survived for over a millennium.",
    "zh": "这棵古树已经存活了一千多年。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Over the past millennium, advances in agriculture have transformed how societies produce food and support growing populations.",
    "zh": "在过去的一千年里，农业进步改变了社会生产粮食和养活不断增长的人口的方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the past millennium｜过去的一千年",
   "the turn of the millennium｜千年之交",
   "millennium celebrations｜千禧年庆祝活动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "millennial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "注意双写l和n；复数常用millennia。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "millennium"
 },
 {
  "w": "antiquated",
  "uk": "/ˈæntɪkweɪtɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈæntɪkweɪtɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "陈旧过时的",
    "en": "too old or outdated to be suitable for modern use"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The office still relies on an antiquated heating system.",
    "zh": "这间办公室仍然依赖一套陈旧过时的供暖系统。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing antiquated railway infrastructure could improve passenger safety and reduce delays across the national transport network.",
    "zh": "更换陈旧的铁路基础设施，可以提高乘客安全水平，并减少全国交通网络的延误。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "antiquated equipment｜陈旧的设备",
   "antiquated system｜过时的系统",
   "antiquated laws｜过时的法律"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "outdated",
   "obsolete",
   "outmoded"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "modern",
   "up-to-date"
  ],
  "tip": "含贬义，强调旧到不合时宜；antique可指珍贵古物。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "antiquated"
 },
 {
  "w": "corps",
  "uk": "/kɔː/",
  "us": "/kɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "军团；兵种部队",
    "en": "a large military unit or branch with particular duties"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专业工作团体",
    "en": "an organized group of people doing the same specialized work"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin joined the medical corps after finishing university.",
    "zh": "我表亲大学毕业后加入了军队医疗部队。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The diplomatic corps can support international cooperation by maintaining communication between governments during periods of tension.",
    "zh": "外交使团可以在紧张时期维持政府之间的沟通，从而支持国际合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "medical corps｜军队医疗部队",
   "diplomatic corps｜外交使团",
   "press corps｜记者团"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "单复数拼写相同；单数不读ps，复数词尾读/z/。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "corps"
 },
 {
  "w": "wedge",
  "uk": "/wedʒ/",
  "us": "/wedʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "楔子；楔形物",
    "en": "An object thick at one end and thin at the other."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "楔住；塞入",
    "en": "To push something tightly into a narrow space."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He slid a wooden wedge under the heavy door.",
    "zh": "他把一个木楔塞到沉重的门下面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Disagreements over resource allocation can drive a wedge between neighbouring communities and weaken regional cooperation.",
    "zh": "资源分配上的分歧可能导致相邻社区失和，并削弱区域合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wooden wedge｜木楔",
   "a wedge of cheese｜一块楔形奶酪",
   "wedge the door open｜用楔子撑住门",
   "drive a wedge between｜使……之间产生隔阂"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "drive a wedge between 比喻挑起隔阂或分裂。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wedge"
 },
 {
  "w": "brewery",
  "uk": "/ˈbruːəri/",
  "us": "/ˈbruːəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "啤酒厂",
    "en": "A place where beer is produced commercially."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old brewery has become a popular local museum.",
    "zh": "那座旧啤酒厂已成为当地一座受欢迎的博物馆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Converting a historic brewery into a cultural centre can preserve industrial heritage while creating new employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "将历史悠久的啤酒厂改建为文化中心，既能保护工业遗产，也能创造新的就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "local brewery｜当地啤酒厂",
   "craft brewery｜精酿啤酒厂",
   "brewery tour｜啤酒厂参观"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "brew (v.)",
   "brewer (n.)",
   "brewing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指啤酒厂；葡萄酒庄是winery。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "brewery"
 },
 {
  "w": "initiate",
  "uk": "/ɪˈnɪʃieɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪˈnɪʃieɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发起；启动",
    "en": "To cause a process or activity to begin."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使入门；接纳入会",
    "en": "To introduce someone to an activity or admit them to a group."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Someone needs to initiate a conversation about the noise.",
    "zh": "得有人先开口谈谈噪声问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities should initiate programmes that encourage residents to recycle household waste more effectively.",
    "zh": "地方政府应启动相关项目，鼓励居民更有效地回收生活垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "initiate negotiations｜发起谈判",
   "initiate a project｜启动项目",
   "initiate someone into｜使某人入门"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "initiation (n.)",
   "initiator (n.)",
   "initiative (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "begin",
   "launch"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "terminate"
  ],
  "tip": "作动词较正式；initiate sb into指使入门。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "initiate"
 },
 {
  "w": "dissertation",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪsɚˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "学位论文；专题论文",
    "en": "A long research paper written as part of a university degree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My sister is writing her dissertation at the library.",
    "zh": "我姐姐正在图书馆写学位论文。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Writing a dissertation requires students to evaluate existing research and develop a clear argument supported by evidence.",
    "zh": "撰写学位论文要求学生评估已有研究，并提出有证据支持的清晰论点。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "write a dissertation｜撰写学位论文",
   "submit a dissertation｜提交学位论文",
   "a doctoral dissertation｜博士论文",
   "a dissertation on education｜关于教育的学位论文"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "thesis"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主题用on引出；美式常指博士论文，英式范围较广。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dissertation"
 },
 {
  "w": "mourn",
  "uk": "/mɔːn/",
  "us": "/mɔːrn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "哀悼；为失去而悲痛",
    "en": "To feel or express deep sadness after a death or loss."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Neighbours gathered quietly to mourn their much-loved friend.",
    "zh": "邻居们静静地聚在一起，悼念他们深爱的朋友。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public memorials provide spaces where communities can mourn those they have lost and reflect on shared history.",
    "zh": "公共纪念场所让社区居民得以悼念逝者，并回顾共同的历史。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mourn someone's death｜哀悼某人的去世",
   "mourn the loss of｜为失去……而悲痛",
   "mourn for someone｜悼念某人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mourning (n.)",
   "mourner (n.)",
   "mournful (adj.)",
   "mournfully (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grieve"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可直接接逝者或损失，也可用mourn for sb。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mourn"
 },
 {
  "w": "bureau",
  "uk": "/ˈbjʊərəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈbjʊroʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "局；处；办事机构",
    "en": "an office or organisation providing information or managing particular activities"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "翻盖书桌；五斗柜",
    "en": "a desk with a folding cover, or an American chest of drawers"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tourist bureau gave us a free city map.",
    "zh": "旅游咨询处给了我们一张免费的城市地图。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A national statistics bureau collects reliable data that governments use to plan public services.",
    "zh": "国家统计局收集可靠数据，供政府规划公共服务之用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tourist bureau｜旅游咨询处",
   "statistics bureau｜统计局",
   "news bureau｜新闻分社"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "office",
   "agency"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数可用bureaux或bureaus；家具义有英美差异。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bureau"
 },
 {
  "w": "aviation",
  "uk": "/ˌeɪviˈeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌeɪviˈeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "航空；航空业",
    "en": "The activity or industry of flying and operating aircraft."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her interest in aviation began with a flying lesson.",
    "zh": "她对航空的兴趣始于一堂飞行课。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The aviation industry faces pressure to reduce emissions while meeting growing demand for international travel.",
    "zh": "航空业面临着既要减少排放，又要满足不断增长的国际旅行需求的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "civil aviation｜民用航空",
   "aviation industry｜航空业",
   "aviation safety｜航空安全"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "aviator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词，常指飞行活动或整个航空业。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aviation"
 },
 {
  "w": "rebate",
  "uk": "/ˈriːbeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈriːbeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "退款；退税；返还款",
    "en": "Money returned after you pay for something or pay tax"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We received a rebate after buying our new fridge.",
    "zh": "我们买了新冰箱后收到了一笔返款。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments can offer a tax rebate to encourage households to install insulation and reduce energy consumption.",
    "zh": "政府可以通过退税，鼓励家庭安装隔热材料并减少能源消耗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tax rebate｜退税",
   "claim a rebate｜申请退款",
   "receive a rebate｜收到返款",
   "offer a rebate｜提供返款优惠"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "refund"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "rebate通常是付款后返还，discount通常是付款时减价。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rebate"
 },
 {
  "w": "valve",
  "uk": "/vælv/",
  "us": "/vælv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "阀；阀门",
    "en": "a device controlling the flow of liquid or gas"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瓣膜",
    "en": "a body structure keeping fluid moving in one direction"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Turn this valve to stop water entering the tank.",
    "zh": "转动这个阀门，阻止水流入水箱。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Replacing damaged heart valves can improve patients' quality of life and reduce the risk of serious complications.",
    "zh": "更换受损的心脏瓣膜可以改善患者的生活质量，并降低严重并发症的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "open a valve｜打开阀门",
   "a safety valve｜安全阀",
   "a heart valve｜心脏瓣膜",
   "a pressure relief valve｜泄压阀"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "工程中指阀门，人体中可指心脏等部位的瓣膜。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "valve"
 },
 {
  "w": "hinge",
  "uk": "/hɪndʒ/",
  "us": "/hɪndʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铰链；合页",
    "en": "a joint that allows a door or lid to swing"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "取决于",
    "en": "to depend entirely on something, used with on or upon"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rusty hinge squeaks whenever I open the cupboard.",
    "zh": "每次我打开橱柜，生锈的合页都会吱吱作响。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The success of public transport reforms may hinge on reliable funding and sustained support from local residents.",
    "zh": "公共交通改革的成功可能取决于可靠的资金来源和当地居民的持续支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "door hinge｜门合页",
   "rusty hinge｜生锈的铰链",
   "hinge on｜取决于"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hinged (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "hinge on 后接名词或从句，表示“取决于”。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hinge"
 },
 {
  "w": "flutter",
  "uk": "/ˈflʌtə/",
  "us": "/ˈflʌtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "飘动；振翅；颤动",
    "en": "Move with quick, light movements, especially through air"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "颤动；心悸",
    "en": "A quick, light movement or brief uneven heartbeat"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The curtains fluttered gently beside the open kitchen window.",
    "zh": "窗帘在敞开的厨房窗边轻轻飘动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Butterflies flutter among native flowers in urban gardens, demonstrating how small green spaces can support biodiversity.",
    "zh": "蝴蝶在城市花园的本土花卉间翩翩飞舞，展示了小型绿地如何支持生物多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flutter in the breeze｜在微风中飘动",
   "flutter its wings｜振动翅膀",
   "a flutter of excitement｜一阵激动"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "flap",
   "quiver"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调轻而快的反复运动，可用于翅膀、布料或心跳。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flutter"
 },
 {
  "w": "hierarchy",
  "uk": "/ˈhaɪərɑːki/",
  "us": "/ˈhaɪərɑːrki/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "等级制度；层级结构",
    "en": "A system arranging people or things by rank or importance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "统治集团；领导层",
    "en": "The people holding the highest positions in an organisation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "There is a clear hierarchy among the restaurant staff.",
    "zh": "这家餐厅的员工之间有明确的等级关系。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A rigid workplace hierarchy may discourage junior employees from sharing ideas that could improve organisational performance.",
    "zh": "僵化的职场等级制度可能使基层员工不愿分享有助于改善组织绩效的想法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a rigid hierarchy｜严格的等级制度",
   "organisational hierarchy｜组织层级结构",
   "a hierarchy of needs｜需求层次",
   "the top of the hierarchy｜等级体系的顶层"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hierarchical (adj.)",
   "hierarchically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ranking"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指等级结构，也可指组织的最高领导层。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hierarchy"
 },
 {
  "w": "radial",
  "uk": "/ˈreɪdiəl/",
  "us": "/ˈreɪdiəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "放射状的；径向的",
    "en": "Arranged along lines spreading out from a central point."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The wheel's radial spokes gleamed in the afternoon sun.",
    "zh": "车轮上呈放射状的辐条在午后的阳光下闪闪发亮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A radial road network connects outer residential districts directly to the city centre.",
    "zh": "放射状道路网将外围住宅区直接连接到市中心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "radial pattern｜放射状图案",
   "radial symmetry｜辐射对称",
   "radial road network｜放射状道路网"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "radially (adv.)",
   "radius (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调从中心向外延伸，不泛指与光线有关。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "radial"
 },
 {
  "w": "amplify",
  "uk": "/ˈæmplɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈæmplɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "放大声音或信号",
    "en": "to make a sound or electrical signal stronger"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "增强；扩大影响",
    "en": "to increase the strength or effect of something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "详述；补充说明",
    "en": "to explain something further by adding details"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This small speaker amplifies music from my phone.",
    "zh": "这个小音箱把我手机播放的音乐放大了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Social media can amplify public concerns about pollution, encouraging local authorities to respond more quickly.",
    "zh": "社交媒体能够放大公众对污染的担忧，促使地方政府更迅速地回应。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "amplify sound｜放大声音",
   "amplify a signal｜放大信号",
   "amplify the effect｜增强效果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "amplification (n.)",
   "amplifier (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "boost",
   "intensify"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reduce",
   "diminish"
  ],
  "tip": "既可放大实际声音，也可增强影响或情绪。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "amplify"
 },
 {
  "w": "backlog",
  "uk": "/ˈbæklɒɡ/",
  "us": "/ˈbæklɔːɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "积压的工作；待处理订单",
    "en": "work or orders waiting to be dealt with"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I stayed late to clear a backlog of emails.",
    "zh": "我加班到很晚，清理积压的邮件。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hiring additional staff could help hospitals reduce the backlog of patients waiting for routine operations.",
    "zh": "增聘工作人员可以帮助医院减少等候常规手术的积压患者人数。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clear a backlog｜清理积压",
   "a backlog of orders｜积压的订单",
   "reduce the backlog｜减少积压",
   "a growing backlog｜不断增加的积压"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用a backlog of，指本应处理却积压的事项。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "backlog"
 },
 {
  "w": "clearance",
  "uk": "/ˈklɪərəns/",
  "us": "/ˈklɪrəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "清除；清理",
    "en": "The removal of unwanted objects or material from a place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "正式许可；批准",
    "en": "Official permission to do something or enter a place"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "清仓甩卖",
    "en": "The sale of remaining goods at reduced prices"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The garden clearance took us most of Saturday.",
    "zh": "清理花园花了我们周六大半天的时间。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Large-scale forest clearance can destroy wildlife habitats and increase the risk of soil erosion.",
    "zh": "大规模森林清除会破坏野生动物栖息地，并增加水土流失的风险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "forest clearance｜森林清除",
   "security clearance｜安全审查许可",
   "customs clearance｜清关",
   "clearance sale｜清仓甩卖"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "clear (v.)",
   "clear (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "clearance sale是清仓促销；清关用customs clearance。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clearance"
 },
 {
  "w": "uprising",
  "uk": "/ˈʌpraɪzɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈʌpraɪzɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "起义；暴动",
    "en": "An organised attempt by a population to resist those in power."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum displays objects from a local uprising.",
    "zh": "博物馆展出了当地一次起义留下的物品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historians argue that food shortages and political exclusion contributed to the uprising against the ruling authorities.",
    "zh": "历史学家认为，粮食短缺和政治排斥促成了反抗统治当局的起义。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a popular uprising｜民众起义",
   "an armed uprising｜武装起义",
   "suppress an uprising｜镇压起义"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "uprise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "revolt",
   "rebellion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指反抗统治者的起义，不用于日常的起床或上升。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "uprising"
 },
 {
  "w": "homely",
  "uk": "/ˈhəʊmli/",
  "us": "/ˈhoʊmli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "温馨舒适的；家常的",
    "en": "simple and comfortable in a way that feels like home"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "相貌平平的；不好看的",
    "en": "not physically attractive, especially in American English"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The little café felt homely, with cushions on every chair.",
    "zh": "这家小咖啡馆很温馨，每把椅子上都有软垫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A homely atmosphere in residential care facilities may help older people feel more comfortable and secure.",
    "zh": "养老照护机构中温馨的氛围可能让老年人感到更舒适、更安心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "homely atmosphere｜温馨的氛围",
   "homely surroundings｜舒适如家的环境",
   "homely face｜平凡的面容"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "home (n.)",
   "homeliness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cosy",
   "plain"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式常指温馨；美式常指不好看，形容人要谨慎。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "homely"
 },
 {
  "w": "sophistication",
  "uk": "/səˌfɪstɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/səˌfɪstɪˈkeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "精密；复杂程度",
    "en": "the quality of being advanced or carefully developed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "老练；世故；高雅",
    "en": "knowledge of social situations, culture, and fashionable tastes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was surprised by the sophistication of her camera.",
    "zh": "她的相机如此精密，让我很惊讶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The growing sophistication of medical equipment allows doctors to identify certain diseases at an earlier stage.",
    "zh": "医疗设备日益精密，使医生能够在更早阶段发现某些疾病。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "technological sophistication｜技术先进程度",
   "a high degree of sophistication｜高度精密",
   "social sophistication｜社交上的老练"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sophisticated (adj.)",
   "unsophisticated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；既指技术精密，也指处世老练。",
  "cefr": "C1",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sophistication"
 },
 {
  "w": "avenge",
  "uk": "/əˈvendʒ/",
  "us": "/əˈvendʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为……报仇；雪耻",
    "en": "to punish someone for harm done to yourself or others"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our team hopes to avenge last year's defeat.",
    "zh": "我们队希望一雪去年败北之耻。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historical narratives often portray leaders seeking to avenge past defeats rather than negotiate lasting peace.",
    "zh": "历史叙事常描写领导者寻求报复过去的失败，而非通过谈判实现持久和平。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "avenge a defeat｜一雪败北之耻",
   "avenge a wrong｜报复不公待遇"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "avenger (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "avenge是动词，常接所受伤害；revenge常作名词。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "avenge"
 },
 {
  "w": "bestow",
  "uk": "/bɪˈstəʊ/",
  "us": "/bɪˈstoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "授予；赐予",
    "en": "To formally give someone an honour, gift, or benefit."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The club bestowed a special award on our coach.",
    "zh": "俱乐部向我们的教练颁发了一项特别奖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities often bestow honorary degrees on individuals who have made outstanding contributions to society.",
    "zh": "大学常向为社会作出杰出贡献的人士授予荣誉学位。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "bestow an honour on｜授予……荣誉",
   "bestow a gift on｜向……赠礼",
   "bestow a title upon｜授予……称号"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "bestowal (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "confer",
   "grant"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用语：bestow sth on/upon sb。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bestow"
 },
 {
  "w": "deplore",
  "uk": "/dɪˈplɔː/",
  "us": "/dɪˈplɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "强烈谴责；痛惜",
    "en": "To strongly disapprove of something or deeply regret it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our neighbours deplore the dumping of rubbish beside the river.",
    "zh": "邻居们强烈谴责在河边倾倒垃圾的行为。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many educators deplore funding cuts that limit access to music and art lessons in public schools.",
    "zh": "许多教育工作者强烈反对削减经费，因为这限制了公立学校学生接受音乐和美术教育的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deplore violence｜强烈谴责暴力",
   "deplore the lack of｜对缺乏……深感遗憾",
   "deplore the decision｜强烈反对该决定"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deplorable (adj.)",
   "deplorably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "condemn",
   "lament"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "approve"
  ],
  "tip": "正式及物动词，后直接接所谴责或痛惜的事。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deplore"
 },
 {
  "w": "splint",
  "uk": "/splɪnt/",
  "us": "/splɪnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "固定伤肢的夹板",
    "en": "A rigid support that keeps an injured body part still."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用夹板固定",
    "en": "To support an injured body part with a splint."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse fitted a splint to my injured finger.",
    "zh": "护士给我受伤的手指装上了夹板。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using a splint to stabilise an injured limb can prevent further damage while patients await medical treatment.",
    "zh": "在患者等待医疗救治时，用夹板固定受伤的肢体可以防止进一步损伤。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wear a splint｜戴夹板",
   "apply a splint｜上夹板",
   "a wrist splint｜腕部夹板"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指固定伤处的夹板；不同于石膏固定用的cast。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "splint"
 },
 {
  "w": "infantry",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnfəntri/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnfəntri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "步兵；步兵部队",
    "en": "soldiers trained to fight on foot"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The infantry marched past our village early this morning.",
    "zh": "今天一大早，步兵部队行军经过了我们的村庄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although military technology has changed considerably, infantry still play an important role in many countries' defence forces.",
    "zh": "尽管军事技术发生了巨大变化，步兵在许多国家的国防力量中仍发挥着重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "infantry unit｜步兵分队",
   "infantry division｜步兵师",
   "infantry training｜步兵训练"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "infantryman (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "集合名词，指步兵整体，不用an infantry指一个人。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "infantry"
 },
 {
  "w": "staphylococcus",
  "uk": "/ˌstæfɪləˈkɒkəs/",
  "us": "/ˌstæfɪləˈkɑːkəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "葡萄球菌",
    "en": "A round bacterium forming clusters, sometimes causing infections."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The laboratory found staphylococcus in the skin sample.",
    "zh": "实验室在皮肤样本中发现了葡萄球菌。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some strains of staphylococcus resist common antibiotics, making hospital infections more difficult to treat.",
    "zh": "某些葡萄球菌菌株对常用抗生素具有耐药性，使医院感染更难治疗。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "staphylococcus infection｜葡萄球菌感染",
   "strains of staphylococcus｜葡萄球菌菌株",
   "antibiotic-resistant staphylococcus｜耐抗生素葡萄球菌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "staphylococcal (adj.)",
   "staphylococci (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "staph"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为staphylococci；常见简称为staph。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "staphylococcus"
 },
 {
  "w": "depute",
  "uk": "/dɪˈpjuːt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈpjuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "委派；授权",
    "en": "to appoint someone to act or perform a task for you"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The manager deputed her assistant to attend the meeting.",
    "zh": "经理委派她的助理去参加会议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local authorities may depute trained officers to inspect buildings and ensure compliance with safety regulations.",
    "zh": "地方政府可以委派受过培训的官员检查建筑，确保其符合安全规定。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "depute someone to do something｜委派某人做某事",
   "depute a representative｜委派代表"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deputation (n.)",
   "deputy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "delegate",
   "appoint"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用词，常用depute sb to do sth。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "depute"
 },
 {
  "w": "wreathe",
  "uk": "/riːð/",
  "us": "/riːð/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "环绕；笼罩",
    "en": "to surround or cover something, especially with smoke or mist"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Thin wisps of steam wreathed her face above the bowl.",
    "zh": "碗里升起的缕缕蒸汽缭绕在她脸庞周围。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Smoke from nearby factories can wreathe residential buildings, highlighting the need for stricter industrial emission controls.",
    "zh": "附近工厂排出的烟雾可能笼罩住宅楼，凸显加强工业排放管控的必要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be wreathed in smoke｜被烟雾笼罩",
   "mist wreathes the hills｜薄雾环绕山丘",
   "a face wreathed in smiles｜满面笑容"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "wreath (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "envelop",
   "surround"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "偏文学用语；wreathe尾音/ð/，wreath尾音/θ/。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wreathe"
 },
 {
  "w": "vortex",
  "uk": "/ˈvɔːteks/",
  "us": "/ˈvɔːrteks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "旋涡；涡流",
    "en": "A spinning mass of fluid drawing things towards its centre"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "困境的旋涡",
    "en": "A situation that pulls people into increasing confusion or difficulty"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Leaves spun in a vortex beside the riverbank.",
    "zh": "树叶在河岸旁的旋涡中打转。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without access to affordable credit, some households become trapped in a vortex of debt and financial insecurity.",
    "zh": "如果无法获得利率可负担的贷款，一些家庭就会陷入债务与财务不稳定的旋涡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a swirling vortex｜盘旋的涡流",
   "a vortex of debt｜债务旋涡",
   "be sucked into a vortex｜被卷入旋涡"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "whirlpool"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数可用vortices或vortexes；也可比喻困境。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vortex"
 },
 {
  "w": "preclude",
  "uk": "/prɪˈkluːd/",
  "us": "/prɪˈkluːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使不可能；阻止；排除",
    "en": "to prevent something or make it impossible"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The heavy rain precluded our planned picnic by the lake.",
    "zh": "大雨让我们原定的湖边野餐无法进行。"
   },
   {
    "en": "High tuition fees may preclude students from disadvantaged backgrounds from accessing higher education without financial support.",
    "zh": "高昂的学费可能使弱势家庭的学生在没有经济资助的情况下无法接受高等教育。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "preclude the possibility｜排除可能性",
   "preclude someone from doing something｜使某人无法做某事",
   "preclude further discussion｜使进一步讨论无法进行"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "preclusion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "prevent",
   "rule out"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "permit",
   "allow"
  ],
  "tip": "正式用词；可用preclude sb from doing sth。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "preclude"
 },
 {
  "w": "profuse",
  "uk": "/prəˈfjuːs/",
  "us": "/prəˈfjuːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "大量的；过多的",
    "en": "Produced or expressed in very large amounts"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He offered profuse apologies for spilling my tea.",
    "zh": "他打翻了我的茶，连声道歉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Profuse sweating during outdoor exercise can increase fluid loss, making regular water intake particularly important.",
    "zh": "户外运动时大量出汗会增加水分流失，因此定期补水尤为重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "profuse apologies｜再三道歉",
   "profuse sweating｜大量出汗",
   "profuse thanks｜再三感谢"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "profusely (adv.)",
   "profusion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "abundant",
   "copious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "scant"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰出汗、道歉或感谢，强调量大或反复。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "profuse"
 },
 {
  "w": "vex",
  "uk": "/veks/",
  "us": "/veks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使烦恼；使恼怒",
    "en": "To make someone annoyed, worried, or frustrated."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The constant dripping from the tap began to vex him.",
    "zh": "水龙头不停滴水，开始让他心烦。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Disagreements over how to fund public transport continue to vex policymakers in many growing cities.",
    "zh": "在许多不断发展的城市，公共交通资金来源的分歧仍困扰着政策制定者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vex policymakers｜困扰政策制定者",
   "a vexed question｜争议难题",
   "be vexed by delays｜因延误而烦恼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vexed (adj.)",
   "vexing (adj.)",
   "vexation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "annoy",
   "irritate",
   "trouble"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "soothe"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式的及物动词，日常多用annoy。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vex"
 },
 {
  "w": "nicety",
  "uk": "/ˈnaɪsəti/",
  "us": "/ˈnaɪsəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "微妙细节；细微差别",
    "en": "A small detail or distinction requiring careful understanding"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "礼节；礼仪细节",
    "en": "A small convention of polite social behaviour"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I am still learning the niceties of formal dining.",
    "zh": "我还在学习正式用餐的礼仪细节。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Understanding the niceties of legal language is essential when translating international agreements that affect trade and environmental protection.",
    "zh": "翻译涉及贸易和环境保护的国际协议时，理解法律语言的细微差别至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the niceties of｜…的微妙细节",
   "social niceties｜社交礼节",
   "legal niceties｜法律上的细微区别",
   "to a nicety｜恰到好处地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "nice (adj.)",
   "nicely (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "subtlety",
   "fine point"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "多用复数 niceties，勿直接理解为“美好”。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "nicety"
 },
 {
  "w": "pervert",
  "uk": "/pəˈvɜːt/",
  "us": "/pɚˈvɝːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "歪曲；败坏",
    "en": "to distort something good or proper for harmful purposes"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The coach perverted fair competition by secretly changing the rules.",
    "zh": "教练暗中修改规则，破坏了公平竞争。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Political pressure can pervert scientific research when funding depends on producing results that support existing policies.",
    "zh": "当资助取决于研究结果是否支持现行政策时，政治压力可能使科研偏离正轨。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pervert the course of justice｜妨碍司法公正",
   "pervert the truth｜歪曲事实"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perversion (n.)",
   "perverted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "distort",
   "corrupt"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词重音在后；名词重音在前且常含贬义。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pervert"
 },
 {
  "w": "pilferage",
  "uk": "/ˈpɪlfərɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈpɪlfərɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小量偷窃；小额失窃",
    "en": "The theft of small amounts or items, especially from workplaces."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop now locks its stockroom to prevent pilferage.",
    "zh": "这家商店现在把库房锁起来，以防东西被顺手偷走。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Retailers can reduce losses from pilferage by improving stock monitoring and providing secure storage for valuable goods.",
    "zh": "零售商可以通过加强库存监控并为贵重商品提供安全储存空间，减少小额失窃造成的损失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prevent pilferage｜防止小额偷窃",
   "losses from pilferage｜小额失窃造成的损失",
   "employee pilferage｜员工小额偷窃"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pilfer (v.)",
   "pilferer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "theft"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "pilferage是不可数名词，不是动词；动词为pilfer。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pilferage"
 },
 {
  "w": "virile",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪraɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈvɪrəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有阳刚之气的；强健的",
    "en": "showing strength and energy traditionally associated with men"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sculpture portrays a virile athlete lifting a discus.",
    "zh": "这座雕塑刻画了一位举起铁饼、充满阳刚之气的运动员。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advertisements often present a virile male ideal, which may reinforce narrow expectations about men's appearance and behaviour.",
    "zh": "广告常常展示阳刚的理想男性形象，这可能强化对男性外貌和行为的狭隘期待。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "virile image｜阳刚形象",
   "virile young man｜强健的年轻男子",
   "virile masculinity｜阳刚气概"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "virility (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "masculine",
   "manly"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不只是“男性的”；强调传统观念中的男性力量与活力。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "virile"
 },
 {
  "w": "treatise",
  "uk": "/ˈtriːtɪs/",
  "us": "/ˈtriːtɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专题论著；专论",
    "en": "a long, detailed piece of writing about a particular subject"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I found a dusty treatise on gardening upstairs.",
    "zh": "我在楼上找到了一本落满灰尘的园艺专著。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The philosopher's treatise on education argues that practical experience should play a central role in learning.",
    "zh": "这位哲学家的教育论著主张，实践经验应在学习中发挥核心作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a treatise on｜关于……的专论",
   "write a treatise｜撰写专论",
   "a philosophical treatise｜哲学论著"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "dissertation",
   "monograph"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用a treatise on，指系统详尽的专论而非短文。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "treatise"
 },
 {
  "w": "surmise",
  "uk": "/səˈmaɪz/",
  "us": "/sərˈmaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "推测；猜想",
    "en": "Form an opinion using limited evidence"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推测；猜想",
    "en": "An opinion formed without enough evidence to be certain"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Seeing wet umbrellas, I surmised that it was raining.",
    "zh": "看到湿漉漉的雨伞，我猜外面正在下雨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers surmise that flexible schedules improve employee wellbeing, although stronger evidence is needed to confirm this.",
    "zh": "研究人员推测弹性工作时间能改善员工身心状况，但仍需更有力的证据加以确认。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "surmise that｜推测……",
   "surmise from｜根据……推测",
   "pure surmise｜纯属猜测"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "conjecture",
   "guess"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较正式，强调证据不足；动词常接that从句。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "surmise"
 },
 {
  "w": "terminable",
  "uk": "/ˈtɜːmɪnəbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtɝːmɪnəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可终止的",
    "en": "Able to be ended, especially under agreed conditions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My rental agreement is terminable with one month's notice.",
    "zh": "我的租约可以提前一个月通知后终止。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employment contracts should be terminable by either party, provided that reasonable notice is given.",
    "zh": "只要给予合理的提前通知，雇佣合同应允许任何一方终止。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "terminable contract｜可终止的合同",
   "terminable on notice｜通知后可终止的",
   "terminable by either party｜任何一方均可终止的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "terminate (v.)",
   "termination (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "interminable"
  ],
  "tip": "正式法律用语，常形容合同；不等于terminal。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "terminable"
 },
 {
  "w": "prophesy",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒfəsaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːfəsaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "预言；预告",
    "en": "say what will happen, especially through claimed spiritual knowledge"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old storyteller prophesied that the kingdom would prosper.",
    "zh": "那位年老的说书人预言这个王国会繁荣兴盛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some early commentators prophesied that television would replace books, but reading has remained an important cultural activity.",
    "zh": "一些早期评论者曾预言电视会取代书籍，但阅读始终是一项重要的文化活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "prophesy that｜预言……",
   "prophesy disaster｜预言灾难",
   "prophesy the future｜预言未来"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prophecy (n.)",
   "prophet (n.)",
   "prophetic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "predict",
   "foretell"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "prophesy是动词，词尾读/saɪ/；名词为prophecy。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prophesy"
 },
 {
  "w": "intimation",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntɪˈmeɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntəˈmeɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "暗示；间接透露",
    "en": "An indirect suggestion or indication of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His sudden silence gave us an intimation of trouble.",
    "zh": "他突然沉默，让我们隐约感到出了问题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The minister's remarks offered the first intimation that funding for public transport might increase.",
    "zh": "部长的讲话首次暗示，公共交通资金可能会增加。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an intimation of trouble｜麻烦的征兆",
   "the first intimation｜最初的暗示",
   "give an intimation｜作出暗示"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "intimate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hint",
   "indication",
   "suggestion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "别与intimacy（亲密）混淆；常接of或that从句。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intimation"
 },
 {
  "w": "glutinous",
  "uk": "/ˈɡluːtɪnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈɡluːtənəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "黏的；胶状的",
    "en": "Thick and sticky, especially when cooked"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The glutinous rice stuck firmly to my wooden spoon.",
    "zh": "糯米牢牢地粘在了我的木勺上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Glutinous rice is used in many traditional dishes, reflecting the importance of texture in regional cuisines.",
    "zh": "许多传统菜肴使用糯米，体现了口感在地方饮食中的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "glutinous rice｜糯米",
   "a glutinous texture｜黏稠的质地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "sticky",
   "粘稠"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "glutinous指黏性；糯米本身不含麸质gluten。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glutinous"
 },
 {
  "w": "ostentation",
  "uk": "/ˌɒstenˈteɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɑːstenˈteɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "炫耀；摆阔",
    "en": "An excessive display of wealth or importance to impress others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their wedding was warm and cheerful, without any ostentation.",
    "zh": "他们的婚礼温馨愉快，没有丝毫铺张炫耀。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The ostentation associated with luxury consumption can intensify social pressure to display wealth rather than save responsibly.",
    "zh": "奢侈消费中的炫富行为可能加剧社会压力，促使人们展示财富而非理性储蓄。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "without ostentation｜毫不铺张炫耀",
   "an air of ostentation｜炫耀的气派",
   "wealth and ostentation｜财富与摆阔"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ostentatious (adj.)",
   "ostentatiously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "showiness",
   "flashiness"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "modesty",
   "restraint"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词，通常含贬义，强调故意展示以引人注目。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ostentation"
 },
 {
  "w": "cervix",
  "uk": "/ˈsɜːvɪks/",
  "us": "/ˈsɝːvɪks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "子宫颈",
    "en": "The narrow lower part of the uterus opening into the vagina."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse explained where the cervix is on the model.",
    "zh": "护士在模型上讲解了子宫颈的位置。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular screening can detect abnormal cells in the cervix before they develop into a serious health problem.",
    "zh": "定期筛查可以在子宫颈异常细胞发展成严重健康问题之前发现它们。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the cervix of the uterus｜子宫颈",
   "cells of the cervix｜子宫颈细胞",
   "cancer of the cervix｜子宫颈癌"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "cervical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指子宫颈；cervical 也可表示颈部的。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cervix"
 },
 {
  "w": "assassinator",
  "uk": "/əˈsæsɪneɪtə/",
  "us": "/əˈsæsɪneɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "暗杀者",
    "en": "Someone who murders an important person, often for political reasons."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The film's assassinator hid behind a heavy curtain.",
    "zh": "电影中的暗杀者藏在厚重的窗帘后面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The historical account examines the assassinator's motives and the political instability that followed the killing.",
    "zh": "这份历史记述探讨了暗杀者的动机，以及暗杀事件随后引发的政治动荡。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a would-be assassinator｜企图行刺者",
   "the assassinator's motives｜暗杀者的动机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "assassinate (v.)",
   "assassination (n.)",
   "assassin (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "assassin"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "此词罕见；通常用assassin表示暗杀者。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "assassinator"
 },
 {
  "w": "bushel",
  "uk": "/ˈbʊʃəl/",
  "us": "/ˈbʊʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蒲式耳（干量单位）",
    "en": "A unit of dry volume used especially for grain."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer measured out a bushel of wheat.",
    "zh": "农民量出了一蒲式耳小麦。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reporting grain prices per bushel allows farmers to compare market conditions before deciding when to sell their crops.",
    "zh": "按每蒲式耳报告谷物价格，便于农民比较市场行情，再决定何时出售作物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bushel of wheat｜一蒲式耳小麦",
   "per bushel｜每蒲式耳",
   "a bushel basket｜蒲式耳量篮"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是干量单位；英美容量不同，不能直接等同固定重量。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bushel"
 },
 {
  "w": "needful",
  "uk": "/ˈniːdfəl/",
  "us": "/ˈniːdfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "必要的；必需的",
    "en": "necessary for a particular purpose"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They packed everything needful for the long winter journey.",
    "zh": "他们装好了漫长冬日旅途所需的一切物品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reliable access to clean water is needful for maintaining public health in isolated rural communities.",
    "zh": "可靠的清洁用水供应是偏远农村社区维持公共卫生的必要条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "needful supplies｜必需的物资",
   "everything needful｜一切必需品",
   "do the needful｜采取必要行动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "need (n.)",
   "need (v.)",
   "needy (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "necessary",
   "essential"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unnecessary"
  ],
  "tip": "较古旧或正式；雅思写作通常用 necessary。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "needful"
 },
 {
  "w": "prostrate",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒstreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːstreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "俯卧的；伏地的",
    "en": "lying flat with your face towards the ground"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "精疲力竭的；悲痛难支的",
    "en": "overwhelmed by exhaustion, illness, or strong emotion"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使俯伏；使衰弱",
    "en": "to make someone lie face down or become extremely weak"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After crawling under the fence, he lay prostrate on the grass.",
    "zh": "从围栏下爬过去后，他俯卧在草地上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Extreme heat can leave outdoor workers prostrate with exhaustion, highlighting the importance of regular breaks.",
    "zh": "酷热会使户外工作者疲惫不堪，凸显了定时休息的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lie prostrate｜俯卧",
   "prostrate with exhaustion｜疲惫得无法动弹",
   "prostrate oneself｜俯伏在地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "prostration (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "prone"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "upright"
  ],
  "tip": "勿与prostate（前列腺）混淆；注意多一个r。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prostrate"
 },
 {
  "w": "characteristical",
  "uk": "/ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪkəl/",
  "us": "/ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "特有的；典型的",
    "en": "Showing the distinctive qualities of a person or thing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old guide describes the village's characteristical stone cottages.",
    "zh": "那本旧指南描述了这个村庄独具特色的石屋。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The historical account highlights the characteristical features of rural architecture, including local stone and steep roofs.",
    "zh": "这份历史记述突出介绍了乡村建筑的典型特征，包括当地石材和陡峭屋顶。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "characteristical features｜典型特征",
   "characteristical qualities｜特有品质"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "characteristic (adj.)",
   "characteristically (adv.)",
   "character (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "characteristic",
   "distinctive",
   "typical"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uncharacteristic"
  ],
  "tip": "罕见旧式形式；现代写作应优先用characteristic。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "罕见旧式形容词，现代英语通常用 characteristic。",
  "id": "characteristical"
 },
 {
  "w": "penury",
  "uk": "/ˈpenjəri/",
  "us": "/ˈpenjəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赤贫；一贫如洗",
    "en": "extreme poverty, with too little money for basic needs"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After years of penury, she could finally afford heating.",
    "zh": "经历多年赤贫之后，她终于付得起取暖费了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without adequate social protection, prolonged unemployment can push vulnerable households into penury and damage their health.",
    "zh": "如果没有充分的社会保障，长期失业可能使弱势家庭陷入赤贫，并损害他们的健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "live in penury｜生活在赤贫中",
   "die in penury｜在贫困中去世",
   "reduce someone to penury｜使某人陷入赤贫"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "penurious (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "destitution",
   "poverty"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "affluence",
   "wealth"
  ],
  "tip": "正式或文学用词，程度重于poverty，通常不可数。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "penury"
 },
 {
  "w": "burgeon",
  "uk": "/ˈbɜːdʒən/",
  "us": "/ˈbɝːdʒən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "迅速增长；蓬勃发展",
    "en": "To grow or develop rapidly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her interest in gardening burgeoned after she moved here.",
    "zh": "搬到这里后，她对园艺的兴趣迅速增长。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Demand for online courses has burgeoned as more adults seek flexible opportunities to develop professional skills.",
    "zh": "随着越来越多成年人寻求灵活提升职业技能的机会，在线课程的需求迅速增长。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "burgeoning demand｜迅速增长的需求",
   "a burgeoning industry｜蓬勃发展的行业",
   "a burgeoning population｜迅速增长的人口"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "burgeoning (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "grow",
   "flourish",
   "expand"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "shrink",
   "decline"
  ],
  "tip": "现代常作不及物动词；burgeoning常用于名词前。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "burgeon"
 },
 {
  "w": "mincer",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪnsə/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪnsər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "绞肉机",
    "en": "A machine that cuts meat into very small pieces."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We used a mincer to prepare meat for dumplings.",
    "zh": "我们用绞肉机处理肉，准备包饺子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small food businesses can improve efficiency by using an electric mincer rather than chopping meat by hand.",
    "zh": "小型食品企业可以使用电动绞肉机代替手工剁肉，以提高效率。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "electric mincer｜电动绞肉机",
   "meat mincer｜绞肉机",
   "manual mincer｜手动绞肉机"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mince (v.)",
   "minced (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "meat grinder"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式英语常用mincer，美式常用meat grinder。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mincer"
 },
 {
  "w": "reactionary",
  "uk": "/riˈækʃənəri/",
  "us": "/riˈækʃəneri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "反动的；极端保守的",
    "en": "opposing social progress and wanting older political arrangements restored"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "反动派；极端保守者",
    "en": "someone who opposes progress and favours restoring older political arrangements"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle called the proposal reactionary and unfair.",
    "zh": "我叔叔认为这项提议极端保守，而且不公平。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Critics argue that reactionary policies can reverse social progress by restoring outdated restrictions on individual freedom.",
    "zh": "批评者认为，反动政策可能通过恢复对个人自由的过时限制，使社会进步倒退。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reactionary policies｜反动政策",
   "reactionary views｜极端保守的观点",
   "reactionary forces｜反动势力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reaction (n.)",
   "react (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ultraconservative"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "progressive"
  ],
  "tip": "常含贬义，强调恢复旧制度；不等于reactive。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reactionary"
 },
 {
  "w": "madden",
  "uk": "/ˈmædən/",
  "us": "/ˈmædən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使极为恼怒；使发狂",
    "en": "to make someone extremely angry or frustrated"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The constant buzzing of that broken fan maddens me.",
    "zh": "那台坏风扇不停的嗡嗡声让我烦透了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Repeated delays and unclear explanations can madden commuters who depend on reliable public transport.",
    "zh": "反复延误和含糊的解释会让依赖可靠公共交通的通勤者极为恼火。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "madden someone｜使某人极为恼怒",
   "be maddened by delays｜因延误而抓狂"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mad (adj.)",
   "maddening (adj.)",
   "maddeningly (adv.)",
   "madness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "infuriate",
   "enrage"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "calm"
  ],
  "tip": "通常是及物动词，表示使某人恼怒到抓狂。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "madden"
 },
 {
  "w": "vanquish",
  "uk": "/ˈvæŋkwɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈvæŋkwɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "彻底击败；征服",
    "en": "to defeat an opponent completely"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "克服；战胜",
    "en": "to overcome a fear, problem, or other difficulty"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our chess club finally vanquished its strongest rival yesterday.",
    "zh": "我们的国际象棋俱乐部昨天终于彻底击败了最强的对手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns cannot vanquish widespread misinformation without sustained cooperation between educators, researchers, and local communities.",
    "zh": "没有教育工作者、研究人员和当地社区的持续合作，公共卫生宣传就无法战胜广泛传播的错误信息。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vanquish an enemy｜彻底击败敌人",
   "vanquish an opponent｜战胜对手",
   "vanquish your fears｜克服恐惧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vanquisher (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "defeat",
   "overcome",
   "conquer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "语气强且偏文学；普通比赛中用defeat更自然。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vanquish"
 },
 {
  "w": "lexicographer",
  "uk": "/ˌleksɪˈkɒɡrəfə/",
  "us": "/ˌleksɪˈkɑːɡrəfər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "词典编纂者",
    "en": "someone who writes or edits dictionaries"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt works as a lexicographer for a small publisher.",
    "zh": "我姑姑在一家小出版社做词典编纂工作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A lexicographer examines authentic language use to ensure that dictionary definitions reflect contemporary meanings accurately.",
    "zh": "词典编纂者研究真实的语言使用情况，以确保词典释义准确反映当代词义。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "work as a lexicographer｜担任词典编纂者",
   "a team of lexicographers｜词典编纂团队",
   "a bilingual lexicographer｜双语词典编纂者"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lexicography (n.)",
   "lexicographic (adj.)",
   "lexicographical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指编写或修订词典的人，不泛指语言学家。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lexicographer"
 },
 {
  "w": "insolent",
  "uk": "/ˈɪnsələnt/",
  "us": "/ˈɪnsələnt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "傲慢无礼的",
    "en": "Rude and disrespectful, especially towards someone in authority."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The waiter remained calm despite the customer's insolent tone.",
    "zh": "尽管顾客语气傲慢无礼，服务员仍保持冷静。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should address insolent behaviour firmly while helping students learn respectful ways to express disagreement.",
    "zh": "学校应坚决处理无礼行为，同时帮助学生学会以尊重他人的方式表达异议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "insolent behaviour｜傲慢无礼的行为",
   "insolent tone｜无礼的语气",
   "insolent reply｜傲慢的答复"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "insolence (n.)",
   "insolently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rude",
   "disrespectful",
   "impudent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "respectful",
   "polite"
  ],
  "tip": "现代常用作形容词；对应名词是insolence。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "insolent"
 },
 {
  "w": "adjudicate",
  "uk": "/əˈdʒuːdɪkeɪt/",
  "us": "/əˈdʒuːdɪkeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "裁决；裁定",
    "en": "To make an official decision about a dispute"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "担任评判；评定",
    "en": "To judge performances or entries in a competition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An independent expert will adjudicate our dispute over the repairs.",
    "zh": "一位独立专家将裁决我们在维修问题上的争议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent bodies should adjudicate disputes between consumers and businesses to ensure that complaints receive fair and consistent treatment.",
    "zh": "独立机构应裁决消费者与企业之间的纠纷，确保投诉得到公平且一致的处理。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "adjudicate a dispute｜裁决纠纷",
   "adjudicate on a claim｜就索赔作出裁决",
   "adjudicate a competition｜担任比赛评委"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "adjudication (n.)",
   "adjudicator (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "judge",
   "arbitrate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可直接接争议，也可用adjudicate on；不专指宣判刑罚。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "adjudicate"
 },
 {
  "w": "jeer",
  "uk": "/dʒɪə/",
  "us": "/dʒɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "嘲笑；讥讽",
    "en": "To shout or laugh at someone in an unkind way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "嘲笑声；讥讽的话",
    "en": "An unkind shout or remark intended to ridicule someone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A few spectators jeered when the player missed again.",
    "zh": "那名球员再次失误时，几名观众发出了嘲笑声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When spectators jeer at inexperienced players, they create an atmosphere that discourages participation in community sport.",
    "zh": "当观众嘲笑缺乏经验的球员时，他们会营造出一种让人不愿参加社区体育活动的氛围。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "jeer at someone｜嘲笑某人",
   "jeers from the crowd｜人群中的嘲笑声",
   "a chorus of jeers｜一片嘲笑声"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "jeering (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mock",
   "taunt",
   "ridicule"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cheer"
  ],
  "tip": "动词常用 jeer at someone；名词常用复数。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "jeer"
 },
 {
  "w": "loth",
  "uk": "/ləʊθ/",
  "us": "/loʊθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不情愿的；不愿意的",
    "en": "Unwilling or reluctant to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was loth to leave the warm kitchen.",
    "zh": "我不愿离开温暖的厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some residents are loth to support redevelopment because they fear losing their neighbourhood's distinctive character.",
    "zh": "一些居民不愿支持重建，因为他们担心失去社区独有的特色。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "loth to admit｜不愿承认",
   "loth to leave｜不愿离开",
   "loth to accept｜不愿接受"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "reluctant",
   "unwilling"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "willing",
   "eager"
  ],
  "tip": "loath的较少见变体；常用be loth to do。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "loth"
 },
 {
  "w": "noxious",
  "uk": "/ˈnɒkʃəs/",
  "us": "/ˈnɑːkʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "有害的；有毒的",
    "en": "harmful or poisonous to people or other living things"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Noxious fumes from the spill forced everyone to leave.",
    "zh": "泄漏物产生的有毒烟气迫使所有人离开。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Stricter controls on industrial emissions are needed to protect nearby communities from exposure to noxious gases.",
    "zh": "需要更严格地控制工业排放，以保护附近社区免受有毒气体侵害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "noxious fumes｜有毒烟气",
   "noxious gases｜有毒气体",
   "noxious substances｜有害物质"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "noxiousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "harmful",
   "toxic",
   "poisonous"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "harmless"
  ],
  "tip": "常形容气体或物质；不只是气味难闻。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "noxious"
 },
 {
  "w": "telefax",
  "uk": "/ˈtelɪfæks/",
  "us": "/ˈteləfæks/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "传真；传真机",
    "en": "A system or machine sending document copies over telephone lines."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发传真",
    "en": "To send a document using a fax machine."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The office still has a telefax beside the printer.",
    "zh": "办公室的打印机旁边还放着一台传真机。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before email became widespread, companies relied on telefax to exchange documents quickly across national borders.",
    "zh": "在电子邮件普及之前，公司依靠传真来快速跨国交换文件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "send by telefax｜通过传真发送",
   "telefax machine｜传真机",
   "telefax number｜传真号码"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fax (n.)",
   "fax (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fax",
   "facsimile"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较旧的说法；现代英语通常直接用fax。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "telefax"
 },
 {
  "w": "magnanimous",
  "uk": "/mæɡˈnænɪməs/",
  "us": "/mæɡˈnænɪməs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "宽宏大量的",
    "en": "generous and forgiving, especially towards a rival or weaker person"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She was magnanimous and congratulated her rival warmly.",
    "zh": "她很有雅量，热情地向对手表示祝贺。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A magnanimous response to criticism can help leaders build trust and encourage constructive public debate.",
    "zh": "领导者宽宏大量地回应批评，有助于建立信任并促进建设性的公共讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "magnanimous in victory｜胜而有雅量",
   "a magnanimous gesture｜宽宏大量的举动",
   "a magnanimous response｜宽容的回应"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "magnanimity (n.)",
   "magnanimously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "generous",
   "forgiving"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "petty",
   "vindictive"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式，常形容对对手或冒犯者宽容大度。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "magnanimous"
 },
 {
  "w": "transgress",
  "uk": "/trænzˈɡres/",
  "us": "/trænzˈɡres/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "违反；越过界限",
    "en": "to break a law, rule, or moral boundary"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Players who transgress the rules may leave the game.",
    "zh": "违反规则的选手可能离场。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Companies that transgress environmental laws should face penalties proportionate to the damage they cause.",
    "zh": "违反环境法律的企业应受到与其造成的损害相称的处罚。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "transgress the law｜违法",
   "transgress moral boundaries｜逾越道德界限",
   "transgress social norms｜违反社会规范"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transgression (n.)",
   "transgressor (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "violate",
   "infringe"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "obey"
  ],
  "tip": "正式用词，可直接接law、rules等宾语。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transgress"
 },
 {
  "w": "ramify",
  "uk": "/ˈræmɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ˈræmɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "分枝；分叉；形成分支",
    "en": "To divide or spread into branches or connected parts."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tree's roots ramify beneath the old garden wall.",
    "zh": "这棵树的根在花园旧围墙下分叉延伸。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As transport networks ramify across rural regions, previously isolated communities gain better access to essential services.",
    "zh": "随着交通网络在农村地区不断延伸，原本偏远的社区更容易获得基本服务。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "roots ramify｜根部分叉",
   "ramify into branches｜分成枝杈"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ramification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "branch",
   "subdivide"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式且少见，常指根系、血管或网络分叉延伸。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ramify"
 },
 {
  "w": "hotelling",
  "uk": "/həʊˈtelɪŋ/",
  "us": "/hoʊˈtelɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "办公位预约共享制",
    "en": "a system where employees reserve shared workspaces instead of permanent desks"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "With hotelling, I book a desk before coming in.",
    "zh": "采用工位预约共享制后，我来上班前会先预订工位。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hotelling can reduce office costs, although employees may miss having a permanent space for their belongings.",
    "zh": "工位预约共享制可以降低办公成本，不过员工可能会怀念拥有固定空间存放个人物品的日子。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "office hotelling｜办公位预约共享制",
   "hotelling system｜工位预约共享系统",
   "desk hotelling｜工位预约共享"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hotel (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指预约共享工位；旅馆业用hotel industry。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "真实词，亦拼作hoteling；现代常见义为办公位预约共享制，并非通常所说的旅馆业。",
  "id": "hotelling"
 },
 {
  "w": "hitherto",
  "uk": "/ˌhɪðəˈtuː/",
  "us": "/ˌhɪðərˈtuː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "迄今；此前一直",
    "en": "Until now or until the time being discussed."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The repair revealed a hitherto hidden cupboard upstairs.",
    "zh": "这次维修让楼上一个此前一直隐藏着的壁橱显露了出来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recent archaeological discoveries have revealed hitherto unknown details about trade between ancient coastal communities.",
    "zh": "近期的考古发现揭示了此前未知的古代沿海社区间贸易的细节。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hitherto unknown｜此前未知的",
   "hitherto unseen｜此前未见的",
   "hitherto neglected｜此前被忽视的"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "previously",
   "until now"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用语，常见于hitherto unknown等搭配。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hitherto"
 },
 {
  "w": "foregoing",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːɡəʊɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrɡoʊɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "前述的；上述的",
    "en": "Mentioned or presented earlier in a piece of writing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The foregoing advice helped me fix my bike.",
    "zh": "前面提到的建议帮我修好了自行车。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The foregoing analysis suggests that investment in early education can reduce social inequality over time.",
    "zh": "上述分析表明，对早期教育的投资能逐步减少社会不平等。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the foregoing discussion｜上述讨论",
   "the foregoing analysis｜上述分析",
   "the foregoing remarks｜前述评论"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "preceding",
   "aforementioned"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "following"
  ],
  "tip": "正式书面语，常用the foregoing修饰名词。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "foregoing"
 },
 {
  "w": "disburse",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈbɜːs/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈbɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "支付；拨付",
    "en": "to pay out money, especially from an official fund"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The charity will disburse the funds early next week.",
    "zh": "这家慈善机构将在下周初拨付这笔资金。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should disburse emergency funds quickly to help communities recover from natural disasters.",
    "zh": "政府应迅速拨付应急资金，帮助社区从自然灾害中恢复。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disburse funds｜拨付资金",
   "disburse money｜支付款项",
   "disburse a loan｜发放贷款"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disbursement (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pay out"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用词，常以funds或money作宾语。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disburse"
 },
 {
  "w": "furor",
  "uk": "/ˈfjʊərɔː/",
  "us": "/ˈfjʊrɔːr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "公愤；骚动；轰动",
    "en": "A strong public reaction of anger or excitement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The sudden closure of the playground caused a furor.",
    "zh": "游乐场突然关闭，引起了强烈不满。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposed increase in university fees sparked a furor among students and their families.",
    "zh": "拟议中的大学学费上涨引发了学生及其家庭的强烈不满。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cause a furor｜引起轩然大波",
   "spark a furor｜激起公愤",
   "a furor over something｜因某事引发的风波"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "uproar",
   "outcry",
   "commotion"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式常用furor，英式常用furore；多指公众强烈反应。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "furor"
 },
 {
  "w": "defray",
  "uk": "/dɪˈfreɪ/",
  "us": "/dɪˈfreɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "支付；负担费用",
    "en": "to pay all or part of a cost"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The club helped defray the cost of my trip.",
    "zh": "俱乐部帮我支付了部分旅行费用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Universities could offer additional grants to defray accommodation expenses for students from low-income households.",
    "zh": "大学可以提供额外补助，帮助低收入家庭的学生支付住宿费用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "defray costs｜支付成本",
   "defray expenses｜负担费用"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cover",
   "pay"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用词，宾语通常是costs或expenses，不是人。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "defray"
 },
 {
  "w": "tantalize",
  "uk": "/ˈtæntəlaɪz/",
  "us": "/ˈtæntəlaɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "引逗；使可望不可即",
    "en": "To excite desire for something that remains out of reach."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The smell of fresh bread tantalized us outside the bakery.",
    "zh": "面包店外，新鲜面包的香气馋得我们直流口水。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early discoveries tantalize researchers with the possibility of finding affordable treatments for currently incurable diseases.",
    "zh": "早期发现让研究人员对找到价格可负担的疗法、治疗目前尚无法治愈的疾病充满期待。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tantalize someone with｜用某物引逗某人",
   "tantalizing glimpse｜勾起渴望的短暂一瞥",
   "tantalizing prospect｜诱人却未实现的前景"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tantalizing (adj.)",
   "tantalizingly (adv.)",
   "tantalization (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tempt",
   "tease"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式也写tantalise；强调勾起欲望却暂时得不到。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tantalize"
 },
 {
  "w": "denominate",
  "uk": "/dɪˈnɒmɪneɪt/",
  "us": "/dɪˈnɑːmɪneɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "以某货币计价",
    "en": "express a financial amount in a particular currency"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "命名；称作",
    "en": "give a particular name to something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bank denominated our overseas loan in euros.",
    "zh": "银行将我们的海外贷款以欧元计价。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Loans denominated in foreign currencies can become more expensive when the domestic currency loses value.",
    "zh": "本国货币贬值时，以外币计价的贷款可能变得更加昂贵。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "denominated in dollars｜以美元计价",
   "foreign-currency-denominated debt｜外币计价债务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "denomination (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "金融中常用be denominated in＋货币；命名义较罕见。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "denominate"
 },
 {
  "w": "pervade",
  "uk": "/pəˈveɪd/",
  "us": "/pɚˈveɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "弥漫；遍及",
    "en": "to spread throughout a place or affect every part"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The smell of fresh bread pervaded the kitchen.",
    "zh": "新鲜面包的香味弥漫了整个厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital technology now pervades everyday life, changing how people communicate, study, and access public services.",
    "zh": "数字技术如今渗透日常生活，改变着人们交流、学习和获取公共服务的方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pervade society｜遍及社会",
   "pervade the atmosphere｜弥漫在气氛中",
   "a sense of unease pervades｜不安感弥漫"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pervasive (adj.)",
   "pervasiveness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "permeate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "及物动词，直接接场所或领域，不加介词。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pervade"
 },
 {
  "w": "malleable",
  "uk": "/ˈmæliəbəl/",
  "us": "/ˈmæliəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "可锻的；易成形的",
    "en": "Able to be hammered or pressed into a different shape."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "易受影响的；可塑的",
    "en": "Easily influenced or changed by other people or circumstances."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The warm metal was malleable enough to bend easily.",
    "zh": "这块温热的金属可塑性足够好，很容易弯曲。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Young people's attitudes are often malleable, making schools important environments for developing respect and social responsibility.",
    "zh": "年轻人的态度往往具有可塑性，因此学校是培养尊重意识与社会责任感的重要环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "malleable metal｜可锻金属",
   "highly malleable｜可塑性很强的",
   "malleable minds｜易受影响的心智"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "malleability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pliable",
   "impressionable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rigid"
  ],
  "tip": "金属义强调锻压成形；ductile强调可拉成丝。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "malleable"
 },
 {
  "w": "salability",
  "uk": "/ˌseɪləˈbɪləti/",
  "us": "/ˌseɪləˈbɪləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "适销性；可销售性",
    "en": "The degree to which something can be sold easily."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Fresh paint improved the salability of our old house.",
    "zh": "重新刷漆让我们的旧房子更容易卖出。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Manufacturers often adjust packaging to improve the salability of products in highly competitive markets.",
    "zh": "制造商经常调整包装，以提高产品在竞争激烈市场中的适销性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "improve salability｜提高适销性",
   "product salability｜产品适销性",
   "affect salability｜影响适销性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "salable (adj.)",
   "sale (n.)",
   "sell (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "saleability",
   "marketability"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式拼写；英式通常写作saleability。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "salability"
 },
 {
  "w": "reportage",
  "uk": "/rɪˈpɔːtɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/rɪˈpɔːrtɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新闻报道；报道写作",
    "en": "News reporting, especially detailed accounts based on direct observation"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her vivid reportage brought the remote village to life.",
    "zh": "她生动的报道让那个偏远村庄跃然眼前。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent reportage can reveal environmental damage that might otherwise escape public attention and government scrutiny.",
    "zh": "独立报道可以揭露那些原本可能逃过公众关注和政府审查的环境破坏。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "investigative reportage｜调查报道",
   "literary reportage｜报告文学",
   "first-hand reportage｜第一手报道"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "report (v.)",
   "report (n.)",
   "reporter (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reporting",
   "coverage"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数，比reporting正式，常强调现场记录。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reportage"
 },
 {
  "w": "trite",
  "uk": "/traɪt/",
  "us": "/traɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "陈腐的；老套的",
    "en": "Overused and therefore no longer interesting or original"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The film ends with a trite speech about friendship.",
    "zh": "影片以一段关于友谊的老套演说结束。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public awareness campaigns may fail when they rely on trite slogans rather than practical advice and convincing evidence.",
    "zh": "公众宣传活动如果依赖老套的口号，而非实用建议和有说服力的证据，就可能失败。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "trite remark｜老套的话",
   "trite phrase｜陈腐的措辞",
   "sound trite｜听起来很老套"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tritely (adv.)",
   "triteness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "hackneyed",
   "banal",
   "unoriginal"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "original",
   "fresh"
  ],
  "tip": "强调因反复使用而失去新意，不只是年代久远。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "trite"
 },
 {
  "w": "vernacular",
  "uk": "/vəˈnækjələ/",
  "us": "/vərˈnækjələr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "本地话；日常用语",
    "en": "The everyday language spoken by people in a particular place."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "本地语言的；本土风格的",
    "en": "Using local everyday language or traditional local building styles."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our guide chatted with market traders in the local vernacular.",
    "zh": "导游用当地话与市场里的商贩闲聊。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teaching in the vernacular can help young children understand lessons while maintaining connections with their cultural heritage.",
    "zh": "用本地语言教学能帮助幼童理解课程，同时保持与自身文化传统的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the local vernacular｜当地日常用语",
   "in the vernacular｜用本地话",
   "vernacular architecture｜乡土建筑"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调当地日常语言，不等同于“本国的”。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vernacular"
 },
 {
  "w": "exhilarate",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzɪləreɪt/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzɪləreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使兴奋；使振奋",
    "en": "To make someone feel excited, energetic, and very happy"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The fast boat ride exhilarated everyone on board.",
    "zh": "快艇飞驰让船上的每个人都兴奋不已。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Outdoor adventures can exhilarate participants while helping them develop confidence and a stronger connection with nature.",
    "zh": "户外探险能让参与者精神振奋，同时帮助他们增强自信，加深与自然的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "feel exhilarated｜感到兴奋",
   "exhilarated by the experience｜因这次经历而振奋",
   "an exhilarating experience｜令人兴奋的经历"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exhilaration (n.)",
   "exhilarating (adj.)",
   "exhilarated (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "thrill",
   "excite",
   "elate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "depress"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词；人感到兴奋用exhilarated。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exhilarate"
 },
 {
  "w": "infinitesimal",
  "uk": "/ˌɪnfɪnɪˈtesɪml/",
  "us": "/ˌɪnfɪnɪˈtesɪməl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "极其微小的",
    "en": "so small that it is almost impossible to measure"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "无穷小量",
    "en": "a mathematical quantity smaller in magnitude than any positive real number"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The scratch made an infinitesimal difference to the table's appearance.",
    "zh": "这道划痕对桌子外观的影响微乎其微。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Even infinitesimal changes in ocean temperature can become significant when measured across vast areas over decades.",
    "zh": "即使海水温度变化极其微小，若在广阔海域持续数十年，也可能产生显著影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "infinitesimal amount｜极微小的量",
   "infinitesimal difference｜极微小的差别",
   "infinitesimal change｜极微小的变化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "infinitesimally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "minute",
   "tiny"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "enormous"
  ],
  "tip": "比small语气强得多；名词用法主要见于数学。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "infinitesimal"
 },
 {
  "w": "componential",
  "uk": "/ˌkɒm.pəˈnen.ʃəl/",
  "us": "/ˌkɑːm.pəˈnen.ʃəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "成分的；成分分析的",
    "en": "Relating to the separate parts that make up a whole"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our tutor used componential analysis to compare similar words.",
    "zh": "我们的老师用成分分析法比较近义词。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In linguistics, componential analysis examines word meanings by breaking them down into smaller, shared semantic features.",
    "zh": "在语言学中，成分分析通过将词义分解为较小的共有语义特征来研究词义。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "componential analysis｜成分分析",
   "componential approach｜成分分析方法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "component (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "专业形容词，常见于语言学术语componential analysis。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "componential"
 },
 {
  "w": "aforesaid",
  "uk": "/əˈfɔːsed/",
  "us": "/əˈfɔːrsed/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "上述的；前述的",
    "en": "previously mentioned in the same document or statement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The contract says we must pay the aforesaid fee.",
    "zh": "合同规定我们必须支付上述费用。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The aforesaid conditions must be satisfied before the council can approve any construction within the protected area.",
    "zh": "必须满足上述条件，地方议会才能批准保护区内的任何建设项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the aforesaid conditions｜上述条件",
   "the aforesaid agreement｜上述协议",
   "the aforesaid property｜上述房产"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "aforementioned"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "法律或正式书面语，通常置于名词前。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "aforesaid"
 },
 {
  "w": "profane",
  "uk": "/prəˈfeɪn/",
  "us": "/prəˈfeɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "亵渎的；粗俗的",
    "en": "Showing disrespect for religion, or using offensive language."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "亵渎",
    "en": "To treat something sacred with serious disrespect."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The coach apologised for his profane language after the match.",
    "zh": "教练为赛后说的粗话道了歉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Museums should explain why objects considered ordinary by outsiders may be sacred, making careless treatment seem profane.",
    "zh": "博物馆应解释为何外人眼中的普通物品可能是神圣之物，以致随意对待会显得亵渎。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "profane language｜粗俗的语言",
   "profane remarks｜亵渎性言论",
   "profane a sacred place｜亵渎圣地"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "profanity (n.)",
   "profanation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "blasphemous",
   "irreverent"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词常修饰language；动词指亵渎神圣事物。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "profane"
 },
 {
  "w": "tibia",
  "uk": "/ˈtɪbiə/",
  "us": "/ˈtɪbiə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胫骨",
    "en": "The larger front bone between the knee and ankle"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor showed me my tibia on the scan.",
    "zh": "医生在扫描影像上指给我看我的胫骨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A fracture of the tibia may require several months of rehabilitation before an athlete can safely resume training.",
    "zh": "胫骨骨折可能需要数月康复，运动员才能安全恢复训练。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fractured tibia｜骨折的胫骨",
   "the tibia and fibula｜胫骨和腓骨",
   "tibial fracture｜胫骨骨折"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tibial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shinbone"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "即shinbone；复数可用tibias或tibiae。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tibia"
 },
 {
  "w": "vehement",
  "uk": "/ˈviː.ə.mənt/",
  "us": "/ˈviː.ə.mənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "激烈的；强烈的",
    "en": "Expressing very strong feelings, especially anger or opposition"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her vehement refusal surprised everyone at the table.",
    "zh": "她激烈的拒绝让桌旁的每个人都很惊讶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The proposed closure of the community library met with vehement opposition from residents and local educators.",
    "zh": "关闭社区图书馆的提议遭到了居民和当地教育工作者的强烈反对。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vehement opposition｜强烈反对",
   "vehement denial｜坚决否认",
   "vehement criticism｜激烈批评"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vehemently (adv.)",
   "vehemence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fierce",
   "forceful",
   "passionate"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "mild"
  ],
  "tip": "多形容反对、否认或批评的强烈程度，语气较正式。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vehement"
 },
 {
  "w": "raucous",
  "uk": "/ˈrɔːkəs/",
  "us": "/ˈrɔːkəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "刺耳的；喧闹的",
    "en": "Unpleasantly loud and harsh in sound."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Raucous laughter from the kitchen woke the sleeping cat.",
    "zh": "厨房里传来刺耳的大笑声，吵醒了熟睡的猫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Residents argue that raucous nightlife disrupts sleep and reduces the appeal of otherwise attractive urban neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "居民认为，喧闹的夜生活扰乱睡眠，也降低了原本宜居的城市街区的吸引力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "raucous laughter｜刺耳的大笑声",
   "raucous crowd｜喧闹的人群",
   "raucous voice｜粗哑刺耳的嗓音"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "raucously (adv.)",
   "raucousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "noisy",
   "harsh"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "quiet"
  ],
  "tip": "强调声音粗哑刺耳或喧闹，不只是嗓音沙哑。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "raucous"
 },
 {
  "w": "opal",
  "uk": "/ˈəʊpəl/",
  "us": "/ˈoʊpəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "蛋白石；欧泊",
    "en": "A gemstone often showing changing colours when light strikes it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The opal in her ring flashed green and blue.",
    "zh": "她戒指上的欧泊闪着绿色和蓝色的光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Opal mining can provide employment in remote regions, although it may also disturb fragile desert environments.",
    "zh": "欧泊开采能为偏远地区提供就业，但也可能破坏脆弱的沙漠环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "opal ring｜欧泊戒指",
   "opal mining｜欧泊开采",
   "precious opal｜贵蛋白石"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "珠宝语境常称“欧泊”；并非所有蛋白石都有变彩。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "opal"
 },
 {
  "w": "multifarious",
  "uk": "/ˌmʌltɪˈfeəriəs/",
  "us": "/ˌmʌltɪˈferiəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多种多样的",
    "en": "having many different kinds or aspects"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The market's multifarious offerings included spices, pottery, and handmade toys.",
    "zh": "市场上的商品五花八门，包括香料、陶器和手工玩具。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Urban planners must consider the multifarious needs of residents when designing accessible and inclusive public spaces.",
    "zh": "城市规划者设计便利且包容的公共空间时，必须考虑居民多种多样的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "multifarious activities｜多种多样的活动",
   "multifarious needs｜多方面的需求",
   "multifarious responsibilities｜繁杂多样的职责"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "diverse",
   "varied",
   "manifold"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uniform"
  ],
  "tip": "正式词，强调种类多；日常多用varied或diverse。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "multifarious"
 },
 {
  "w": "propellent",
  "uk": "/prəˈpelənt/",
  "us": "/prəˈpelənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "推进剂；喷射剂",
    "en": "A substance that drives something forward or forces liquid out"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "起推进作用的",
    "en": "Providing the force that moves something forward"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This spray can uses compressed air as its propellent.",
    "zh": "这个喷雾罐用压缩空气作喷射剂。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Developing cleaner rocket propellents could reduce the environmental impact of the growing commercial space industry.",
    "zh": "开发更清洁的火箭推进剂有望减少不断发展的商业航天业对环境的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rocket propellent｜火箭推进剂",
   "liquid propellent｜液体推进剂",
   "propellent gas｜推进气体"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "propel (v.)",
   "propulsion (n.)",
   "propellant (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "propellant"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是propellant的较少见拼写；写作优先用后者。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "propellent"
 },
 {
  "w": "loath",
  "uk": "/ləʊθ/",
  "us": "/loʊθ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不情愿的；不愿意的",
    "en": "Unwilling to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I was loath to leave the warm kitchen.",
    "zh": "我舍不得离开温暖的厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many residents are loath to support redevelopment projects that could destroy the character of their neighbourhoods.",
    "zh": "许多居民不愿支持可能破坏社区特色的重建项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be loath to admit｜不愿承认",
   "be loath to leave｜不愿离开",
   "be loath to accept｜不愿接受"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "reluctant",
   "unwilling"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "willing",
   "eager"
  ],
  "tip": "常用be loath to do；勿混淆动词loathe（厌恶）。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "loath"
 },
 {
  "w": "panacea",
  "uk": "/ˌpænəˈsiːə/",
  "us": "/ˌpænəˈsiːə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "万能药；万全之策",
    "en": "Something believed to solve every problem or cure every illness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A new phone is no panacea for your troubles.",
    "zh": "换部新手机并不能解决你所有的烦恼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although technology can improve classroom learning, it should not be regarded as a panacea for educational inequality.",
    "zh": "虽然技术可以改善课堂学习，但不应被视为解决教育不平等的万全之策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a panacea for｜解决……的万能之策",
   "no panacea｜并非万能之策",
   "a universal panacea｜包治百病的灵丹妙药"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "cure-all"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用a panacea for；多用于否定万能解法。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "panacea"
 },
 {
  "w": "miscarry",
  "uk": "/ˌmɪsˈkæri/",
  "us": "/ˌmɪsˈkæri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "流产",
    "en": "Lose a pregnancy before the baby can survive outside the womb."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "失败；未达目的",
    "en": "Fail to achieve the intended result."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After she miscarried, her family offered comfort and support.",
    "zh": "她流产后，家人给予了安慰和支持。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who miscarry should have access to compassionate medical care and appropriate psychological support.",
    "zh": "流产者应能获得充满关怀的医疗服务和适当的心理支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "miscarry early in pregnancy｜孕早期流产",
   "a plan miscarries｜计划失败"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "miscarriage (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常指流产；表示计划失败时较正式且少见。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "miscarry"
 },
 {
  "w": "underwriter",
  "uk": "/ˈʌndəraɪtə/",
  "us": "/ˈʌndɚraɪtɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "保险承保人；承保机构",
    "en": "A person or organisation that accepts insurance risks."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "证券承销商",
    "en": "An institution guaranteeing to buy securities not purchased by investors."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The underwriter checked our roof before approving the insurance.",
    "zh": "承保人在批准保险之前检查了我们的屋顶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An underwriter assesses potential losses before deciding whether to offer insurance for buildings in areas prone to flooding.",
    "zh": "承保人会评估潜在损失，再决定是否为易受洪灾地区的建筑提供保险。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "insurance underwriter｜保险承保人",
   "lead underwriter｜主承销商",
   "mortgage underwriter｜抵押贷款审核员"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "underwrite (v.)",
   "underwriting (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "保险领域指承保人，证券领域指承销商。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "underwriter"
 },
 {
  "w": "transship",
  "uk": "/trænˈʃɪp/",
  "us": "/trænˈʃɪp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "转运；转船",
    "en": "Transfer goods from one ship or vehicle to another."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Workers transshipped the crates onto a smaller boat.",
    "zh": "工人们把这些板条箱转运到一艘较小的船上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shipping companies often transship cargo at major ports to reduce costs and reach smaller markets.",
    "zh": "航运公司常在主要港口转运货物，以降低成本并进入较小的市场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "transship cargo｜转运货物",
   "transship goods｜转运商品",
   "transship containers｜转运集装箱"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "transshipment (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式为transshipped，现在分词双写p。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "transship"
 },
 {
  "w": "eucalyptus",
  "uk": "/ˌjuːkəˈlɪptəs/",
  "us": "/ˌjuːkəˈlɪptəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "桉树",
    "en": "a tree mainly native to Australia, with strongly scented leaves"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A koala rested high in the eucalyptus tree.",
    "zh": "一只考拉在高高的桉树上休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting eucalyptus outside its native range may affect local water supplies and reduce biodiversity.",
    "zh": "在原生分布区以外种植桉树可能影响当地供水，并减少生物多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "eucalyptus tree｜桉树",
   "eucalyptus oil｜桉树精油",
   "eucalyptus leaves｜桉树叶"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指树种；eucalyptus oil指从桉树叶提取的精油。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eucalyptus"
 },
 {
  "w": "bridle",
  "uk": "/ˈbraɪdəl/",
  "us": "/ˈbraɪdəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "马笼头",
    "en": "Straps fitted around a horse's head to control it."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给马套笼头",
    "en": "To put a bridle on a horse."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "动怒；表示不满",
    "en": "To react angrily because something seems insulting or unfair."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She checked the horse's bridle before climbing into the saddle.",
    "zh": "她上马前检查了马的笼头。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some employees bridle at strict monitoring policies because they feel their professional judgement is being questioned.",
    "zh": "一些员工对严格的监控政策感到不满，因为他们觉得自己的专业判断受到了质疑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a leather bridle｜皮制马笼头",
   "put a bridle on｜给……套笼头",
   "bridle at criticism｜因批评而动怒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "unbridled (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指马笼头，不是笼子；与bridal（新娘的）同音。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "sport",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bridle"
 },
 {
  "w": "ingenuous",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdʒenjuəs/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdʒenjuəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "天真坦率的",
    "en": "Honest and trusting, often through a lack of worldly experience."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her ingenuous question made everyone smile at the dinner table.",
    "zh": "她天真坦率的提问让餐桌旁的每个人都笑了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An ingenuous belief that technology solves every problem may prevent policymakers from considering its social costs.",
    "zh": "天真地相信技术能解决所有问题，可能使政策制定者忽视其社会代价。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an ingenuous smile｜天真无邪的微笑",
   "an ingenuous question｜天真坦率的提问",
   "ingenuous optimism｜天真的乐观态度"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ingenuously (adv.)",
   "ingenuousness (n.)",
   "disingenuous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "naive",
   "innocent",
   "artless"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disingenuous"
  ],
  "tip": "勿与ingenious（巧妙的）混淆；本词强调天真坦率。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ingenuous"
 },
 {
  "w": "antecedent",
  "uk": "/ˌæntɪˈsiːdənt/",
  "us": "/ˌæntɪˈsiːdənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "前事；先例",
    "en": "Something earlier that influenced or resembled a later thing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "先行词",
    "en": "A word or phrase that a later pronoun refers to."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "先前的；先行的",
    "en": "Existing or happening before something else."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This simple wooden tool is an antecedent of modern machines.",
    "zh": "这件简单的木制工具是现代机器的前身。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers examine the historical antecedents of urban inequality to understand why certain communities remain disadvantaged.",
    "zh": "研究人员考察城市不平等的历史根源，以理解某些社区为何一直处于弱势。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "historical antecedents｜历史先例；历史根源",
   "antecedent conditions｜先前条件",
   "a pronoun's antecedent｜代词的先行词"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "antecedence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "precursor",
   "forerunner"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "语法中指代词所指的先行词；不宜直接等同祖先。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "antecedent"
 },
 {
  "w": "arboreal",
  "uk": "/ɑːˈbɔːriəl/",
  "us": "/ɑːrˈbɔːriəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "树栖的",
    "en": "living mainly in trees"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "树木的",
    "en": "relating to trees"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The zoo's arboreal snakes curled around branches above our heads.",
    "zh": "动物园里的树栖蛇盘绕在我们头顶的树枝上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Deforestation threatens arboreal species by removing the branches and canopy they depend on for survival.",
    "zh": "森林砍伐破坏了树栖物种赖以生存的树枝和林冠，威胁着它们的生存。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "arboreal species｜树栖物种",
   "arboreal habitat｜树上栖息地",
   "arboreal mammals｜树栖哺乳动物"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用于动物学，描述主要生活在树上的动物。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "arboreal"
 },
 {
  "w": "indemnify",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈdemnɪfaɪ/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈdemnɪfaɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赔偿；保障免受损失",
    "en": "To compensate for loss or provide financial protection against it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The insurer agreed to indemnify us for the damage.",
    "zh": "保险公司同意赔偿我们遭受的损失。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Construction contracts often require companies to indemnify clients against financial losses caused by negligence.",
    "zh": "建筑合同通常要求公司赔偿客户因疏忽而遭受的经济损失。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "indemnify someone against loss｜保障某人免受损失",
   "indemnify someone for damage｜赔偿某人的损害"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "indemnity (n.)",
   "indemnification (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "compensate",
   "reimburse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "法律正式用语：for接已受损害，against接防范风险。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "indemnify"
 },
 {
  "w": "rubric",
  "uk": "/ˈruːbrɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈruːbrɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "评分标准；评分细则",
    "en": "A set of criteria used to assess work."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "题目说明；指示",
    "en": "Instructions explaining how to complete a task or examination."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "标题；类别",
    "en": "A heading or category under which something is grouped."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher explained the rubric before we started writing.",
    "zh": "动笔前，老师向我们讲解了评分标准。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A clear assessment rubric helps students understand expectations and enables teachers to grade assignments more consistently.",
    "zh": "明确的评分细则有助于学生了解要求，也让教师能以更一致的标准评定作业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an assessment rubric｜评估细则",
   "a scoring rubric｜评分标准",
   "under the rubric of｜归入……类别"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "教育中常指评分细则，也可指试题作答说明。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rubric"
 },
 {
  "w": "matrimony",
  "uk": "/ˈmætrɪməni/",
  "us": "/ˈmætrɪmoʊni/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "婚姻；结婚",
    "en": "The state of being married, especially in formal or religious language."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The couple were joined in matrimony last spring.",
    "zh": "这对伴侣去年春天结为夫妻。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although attitudes towards matrimony vary across cultures, marriage continues to carry legal and social responsibilities.",
    "zh": "尽管不同文化对婚姻的态度各异，婚姻仍然伴随着法律和社会责任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "joined in matrimony｜结为夫妻",
   "holy matrimony｜神圣婚姻",
   "the bonds of matrimony｜婚姻的纽带"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "matrimonial (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "marriage",
   "wedlock"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式或宗教用语；日常谈婚姻通常用marriage。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "matrimony"
 },
 {
  "w": "scrupulous",
  "uk": "/ˈskruːpjələs/",
  "us": "/ˈskruːpjələs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "一丝不苟的；严谨的",
    "en": "extremely careful to do things correctly and thoroughly"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "正直的；恪守道德的",
    "en": "careful to act honestly and avoid doing anything wrong"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She gave every cup a scrupulous wash before serving tea.",
    "zh": "上茶前，她把每个杯子都仔仔细细地洗了一遍。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scrupulous attention to research methods is essential for producing reliable evidence in public health studies.",
    "zh": "在公共卫生研究中，严谨关注研究方法是获得可靠证据的关键。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "scrupulous attention to detail｜对细节的一丝不苟",
   "scrupulous care｜极其细致的照料",
   "scrupulous honesty｜绝对诚实"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "scrupulously (adv.)",
   "scrupulousness (n.)",
   "unscrupulous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "meticulous",
   "conscientious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "careless",
   "unscrupulous"
  ],
  "tip": "既可指做事严谨，也可指恪守道德。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "scrupulous"
 },
 {
  "w": "bough",
  "uk": "/baʊ/",
  "us": "/baʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大树枝；主枝",
    "en": "a large branch of a tree"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A heavy bough shaded the bench beside the pond.",
    "zh": "一根粗大的树枝为池塘边的长椅遮阴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The broad boughs of mature trees provide shelter for wildlife and shade for people in urban parks.",
    "zh": "城市公园中，成熟树木的宽大枝干为野生动物提供庇护，也为人们遮阴。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a low bough｜低垂的大树枝",
   "a spreading bough｜向外伸展的大树枝"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "branch",
   "limb"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "读音与cow押韵；通常指大枝，小枝用twig。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bough"
 },
 {
  "w": "sulphide",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌlfaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌlfaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "硫化物",
    "en": "A compound containing sulphur combined with another element or group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher showed us a sample of iron sulphide.",
    "zh": "老师给我们展示了一份硫化铁样品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When exposed to air and water, some sulphide minerals can generate acidic drainage that damages nearby ecosystems.",
    "zh": "一些硫化物矿物接触空气和水后，会产生酸性排水，损害附近的生态系统。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "iron sulphide｜硫化铁",
   "hydrogen sulphide｜硫化氢",
   "sulphide minerals｜硫化物矿物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sulphur (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "美式及国际化学命名常写sulfide；勿混同硫酸盐。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sulphide"
 },
 {
  "w": "strew",
  "uk": "/struː/",
  "us": "/struː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "撒；散布；撒满",
    "en": "To scatter things loosely across a surface or area"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children strew flower petals along the garden path.",
    "zh": "孩子们沿着花园小径撒花瓣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Visitors who strew litter across beaches threaten marine wildlife and increase the cost of coastal maintenance.",
    "zh": "在海滩上乱扔垃圾的游客会威胁海洋野生动物，并增加海岸维护成本。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "strew flowers｜撒花",
   "be strewn with litter｜散落着垃圾",
   "debris strewn across a road｜散落在路上的残骸"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "scatter"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "gather"
  ],
  "tip": "过去式strewed，分词常用strewn；常见被动结构。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strew"
 },
 {
  "w": "plumb",
  "uk": "/plʌm/",
  "us": "/plʌm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "探究；深入查明",
    "en": "examine something closely to understand it fully"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "测量水深",
    "en": "measure how deep water is"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铅锤",
    "en": "a weight on a string used to check vertical alignment"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The documentary plumbs the mysteries of the deep ocean.",
    "zh": "这部纪录片深入探索深海的奥秘。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Through detailed interviews, researchers sought to plumb the causes of declining public trust in local institutions.",
    "zh": "研究人员通过详尽访谈，力图深入查明公众对地方机构信任下降的原因。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plumb the depths of｜深入探究；达到低谷",
   "plumb line｜铅垂线",
   "plumb bob｜铅锤"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plumbing (n.)",
   "plumber (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "probe",
   "investigate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "词尾 b 不发音；plumb the depths 常用于比喻。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plumb"
 },
 {
  "w": "pacific",
  "uk": "/pəˈsɪfɪk/",
  "us": "/pəˈsɪfɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "和平的；爱好和平的",
    "en": "Peaceful in nature or intended to avoid conflict"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her pacific manner helped calm the argument at dinner.",
    "zh": "她平和的态度帮助平息了晚餐时的争论。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A pacific approach to international disputes prioritises negotiation and cooperation rather than threats or military action.",
    "zh": "以和平方式处理国际争端，重在谈判与合作，而非威胁或军事行动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pacific approach｜和平的处理方式",
   "pacific settlement｜和平解决",
   "pacific intentions｜和平意图"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pacify (v.)",
   "pacification (n.)",
   "pacifist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "peaceful",
   "peaceable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "aggressive",
   "belligerent"
  ],
  "tip": "小写pacific是正式形容词；the Pacific指太平洋。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pacific"
 },
 {
  "w": "undulate",
  "uk": "/ˈʌndjʊleɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈʌndʒəleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "波动；呈波浪状起伏",
    "en": "Move or rise and fall in a smooth, wave-like pattern."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Long strands of seaweed undulate gently beneath the water.",
    "zh": "长长的海藻在水下轻轻起伏。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The grasslands undulate towards the distant mountains, providing varied habitats for a wide range of species.",
    "zh": "草原绵延起伏，伸向远山，为众多物种提供了多样的栖息地。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "undulate gently｜轻轻起伏",
   "undulating hills｜连绵起伏的丘陵",
   "undulating terrain｜波状起伏的地形"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "undulation (n.)",
   "undulating (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ripple"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "描述地形起伏时，常用形容词undulating。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "undulate"
 },
 {
  "w": "delectable",
  "uk": "/dɪˈlektəbəl/",
  "us": "/dɪˈlektəbəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "美味的；可口的",
    "en": "Extremely pleasant to taste or eat."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The bakery sells delectable pastries filled with fresh fruit.",
    "zh": "这家面包店出售美味的鲜果馅酥点。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local markets attract visitors with delectable regional dishes, helping small food businesses benefit from tourism.",
    "zh": "当地市场以美味的地方菜肴吸引游客，帮助小型餐饮商家从旅游业中获益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "delectable dishes｜美味佳肴",
   "a delectable dessert｜可口的甜点",
   "delectable treats｜美味小食"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "delicious",
   "scrumptious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unappetising"
  ],
  "tip": "比delicious更正式或更具描写色彩，常形容食物。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "delectable"
 },
 {
  "w": "repute",
  "uk": "/rɪˈpjuːt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈpjuːt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "名声；声誉",
    "en": "the general opinion people have of someone or something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "认为；据说",
    "en": "to consider someone or something to have a particular quality"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The workshop hired a violin maker of considerable repute.",
    "zh": "这家工坊聘请了一位颇有声望的小提琴制作师。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Research institutions of international repute often attract talented students and substantial investment from overseas.",
    "zh": "享有国际声誉的研究机构往往能吸引优秀学生和大量海外投资。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "of international repute｜享有国际声誉的",
   "of good repute｜声誉良好的",
   "be reputed to be｜据说是"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reputation (n.)",
   "reputed (adj.)",
   "reputable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reputation",
   "standing"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词多用被动式be reputed to be，意为“据说是”。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "repute"
 },
 {
  "w": "modish",
  "uk": "/ˈməʊdɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈmoʊdɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "时髦的；流行的",
    "en": "Following the styles that are currently fashionable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He arrived wearing a modish jacket and polished boots.",
    "zh": "他穿着时髦的夹克和擦得锃亮的靴子来了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Modish interiors may attract customers initially, but lasting success depends on reliable service and quality.",
    "zh": "时髦的室内装潢起初或许能吸引顾客，但长久的成功取决于可靠的服务和品质。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "modish clothes｜时髦的服装",
   "modish design｜时尚设计",
   "modish interiors｜时髦的室内装潢"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "modishly (adv.)",
   "modishness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fashionable",
   "stylish",
   "trendy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "unfashionable",
   "outdated"
  ],
  "tip": "较书面，有时暗含“追逐潮流”的意味。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "modish"
 },
 {
  "w": "bespectacled",
  "uk": "/bɪˈspektəkəld/",
  "us": "/bɪˈspektəkəld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "戴眼镜的",
    "en": "wearing glasses"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A bespectacled librarian helped me find the missing book.",
    "zh": "一位戴眼镜的图书管理员帮我找到了那本找不到的书。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Films often portray scientists as bespectacled figures in laboratories, reinforcing a narrow image of scientific careers.",
    "zh": "电影常把科学家描绘成实验室里戴眼镜的人物，强化了人们对科研职业的单一印象。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a bespectacled man｜戴眼镜的男子",
   "a bespectacled professor｜戴眼镜的教授"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "spectacles (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "偏书面描写；日常更常说wearing glasses。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bespectacled"
 },
 {
  "w": "tyrannical",
  "uk": "/tɪˈrænɪkəl/",
  "us": "/tɪˈrænɪkəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "暴虐的；专横的",
    "en": "Using power cruelly and unfairly to control others."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The club members finally challenged their tyrannical leader.",
    "zh": "俱乐部成员终于对他们专横的领导提出了质疑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent courts can help prevent tyrannical rule by limiting government power and protecting basic rights.",
    "zh": "独立的法院可以通过限制政府权力和保护基本权利来帮助防止暴政。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tyrannical ruler｜暴虐的统治者",
   "tyrannical rule｜暴政",
   "a tyrannical boss｜专横的老板"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tyrant (n.)",
   "tyranny (n.)",
   "tyrannise (v.)",
   "tyrannically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "despotic",
   "oppressive",
   "dictatorial"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "benevolent"
  ],
  "tip": "不仅指政治暴政，也可形容老板等人的专横行为。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tyrannical"
 },
 {
  "w": "unaccommodating",
  "uk": "/ˌʌnəˈkɒmədeɪtɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˌʌnəˈkɑːmədeɪtɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不肯通融的；不配合的",
    "en": "Unwilling to help others or adjust to their needs."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The unaccommodating host refused to provide an extra chair.",
    "zh": "那位不肯通融的主人拒绝再提供一把椅子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Unaccommodating employers may struggle to retain skilled workers who need flexible schedules to manage family responsibilities.",
    "zh": "不肯通融的雇主可能难以留住需要灵活时间安排来承担家庭责任的熟练员工。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an unaccommodating attitude｜不肯通融的态度",
   "an unaccommodating employer｜不肯通融的雇主"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accommodate (v.)",
   "accommodating (adj.)",
   "accommodation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unhelpful",
   "inflexible"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "accommodating",
   "helpful"
  ],
  "tip": "指不愿帮助或迁就他人，不表示没有住宿。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "unaccommodating"
 },
 {
  "w": "herein",
  "uk": "/ˌhɪərˈɪn/",
  "us": "/ˌhɪrˈɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "在本文中；在此",
    "en": "In this document, statement, or situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rental rules herein apply to all tenants.",
    "zh": "本文件中的租赁规定适用于所有租户。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The evidence presented herein suggests that affordable public transport can improve access to employment.",
    "zh": "本文所呈现的证据表明，价格可负担的公共交通能够改善就业机会的可及性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contained herein｜包含于本文中",
   "described herein｜在本文中描述的",
   "herein lies the problem｜问题就在于此"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式或法律用语，常指“在本文件中”。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "herein"
 },
 {
  "w": "disgustful",
  "uk": "/dɪsˈɡʌstfəl/",
  "us": "/dɪsˈɡʌstfəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "令人厌恶的",
    "en": "Causing strong dislike or a feeling of sickness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A disgustful smell rose from the forgotten food.",
    "zh": "被遗忘的食物散发出令人作呕的气味。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The disgustful condition of neglected public toilets can discourage residents from using otherwise attractive parks.",
    "zh": "公共厕所因疏于维护而变得令人厌恶，可能使居民不愿前往原本很有吸引力的公园。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "disgustful smell｜令人作呕的气味",
   "disgustful sight｜令人厌恶的景象"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "disgust (n.)",
   "disgusting (adj.)",
   "disgusted (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disgusting",
   "revolting",
   "repulsive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "pleasant"
  ],
  "tip": "此词罕见且偏旧；现代英语通常用disgusting。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "真实但罕见、偏旧的词；通常用disgusting",
  "id": "disgustful"
 },
 {
  "w": "mackintosh",
  "uk": "/ˈmækɪntɒʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈmækɪntɑːʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雨衣",
    "en": "A coat made from waterproof material."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She pulled on her mackintosh before walking into the rain.",
    "zh": "她穿上雨衣，然后走进雨中。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A durable mackintosh can encourage people to walk rather than drive in wet weather.",
    "zh": "一件耐用的雨衣能鼓励人们在雨天步行而不是开车。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wear a mackintosh｜穿雨衣",
   "a waterproof mackintosh｜防水雨衣"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "raincoat"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "英式用词，略显老派；不指苹果电脑。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mackintosh"
 },
 {
  "w": "goad",
  "uk": "/ɡəʊd/",
  "us": "/ɡoʊd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "刺激；激将；唆使",
    "en": "to provoke someone into acting through persistent pressure or annoyance"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "赶牲畜的刺棒",
    "en": "a pointed stick used to make animals move"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "刺激因素；驱动力",
    "en": "something that strongly pushes a person to act"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His teasing goaded me into joining the race.",
    "zh": "他的取笑激得我参加了比赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Competitive school environments may goad students into pursuing high grades at the expense of genuine understanding.",
    "zh": "竞争激烈的学校环境可能迫使学生追逐高分，而忽视真正理解知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "goad someone into doing something｜激某人做某事",
   "goad someone on｜不断刺激某人行动",
   "a goad to action｜行动的驱动力"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "provoke",
   "prod"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "deter"
  ],
  "tip": "常用goad sb into doing，通常含负面刺激。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "goad"
 },
 {
  "w": "occident",
  "uk": "/ˈɒksɪdənt/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːksɪdənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "西方；欧美国家",
    "en": "the Western world, especially Europe and North America"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This old atlas describes the occident in great detail.",
    "zh": "这本旧地图集非常详细地描述了西方世界。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Historical accounts often contrasted the occident with the orient, overlooking the considerable diversity within both regions.",
    "zh": "历史记述常把西方与东方对照，却忽视了两个地区各自内部的巨大差异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the Occident｜西方世界",
   "the Orient and the Occident｜东方与西方"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "occidental (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "the West"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "the Orient"
  ],
  "tip": "旧式用语，通常写作the Occident；现代多用the West。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "occident"
 },
 {
  "w": "pursuant",
  "uk": "/pəˈsjuːənt/",
  "us": "/pərˈsuːənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "依照的；依据的",
    "en": "in accordance with a law, rule, or agreement"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Pursuant to our agreement, your deposit will be refunded.",
    "zh": "根据我们的协议，你的押金将予以退还。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Pursuant to environmental regulations, factories must treat wastewater before releasing it into local rivers.",
    "zh": "根据环境法规，工厂必须先处理废水，才能将其排入当地河流。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pursuant to an agreement｜根据协议",
   "pursuant to regulations｜依照法规"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "几乎总用于pursuant to，常见于法律等正式文本。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pursuant"
 },
 {
  "w": "distend",
  "uk": "/dɪˈstend/",
  "us": "/dɪˈstend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使膨胀；胀大",
    "en": "To swell or become larger because of pressure from inside."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Too much gas can distend your stomach after meals.",
    "zh": "饭后过多的气体会使你的胃胀大。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During digestion, excess gas may distend the abdomen, causing discomfort that can affect daily activities.",
    "zh": "消化过程中，多余气体可能使腹部胀大，造成影响日常活动的不适。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a distended abdomen｜胀大的腹部",
   "a distended stomach｜胀大的胃",
   "distended with gas｜因气体而膨胀"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "distension (n.)",
   "distention (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "swell",
   "expand"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "contract"
  ],
  "tip": "多用于医学，强调内部压力导致胀大。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "distend"
 },
 {
  "w": "manifold",
  "uk": "/ˈmænɪfəʊld/",
  "us": "/ˈmænɪfoʊld/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "多种多样的；多方面的",
    "en": "Numerous and varied"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "歧管；多支管",
    "en": "A pipe system distributing or collecting gas or liquid"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The benefits of growing your own vegetables are manifold.",
    "zh": "自己种蔬菜的好处是多方面的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The manifold challenges of urban growth require cooperation between local authorities, businesses, and residents.",
    "zh": "城市发展面临多方面的挑战，需要地方政府、企业和居民共同合作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "manifold benefits｜多方面的好处",
   "manifold challenges｜多方面的挑战",
   "exhaust manifold｜排气歧管"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "various",
   "numerous"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "形容词用法较正式，常修饰benefits、problems等复数名词。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "manifold"
 },
 {
  "w": "catholic",
  "uk": "/ˈkæθəlɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈkæθəlɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "兴趣广泛的；兼收并蓄的",
    "en": "Including or appreciating a wide variety of things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "天主教的",
    "en": "Relating to the Christian church led by the Pope."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "天主教徒",
    "en": "A member of the Christian church led by the Pope."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her catholic tastes include jazz, pottery, hiking, and opera.",
    "zh": "她的兴趣十分广泛，包括爵士乐、陶艺、徒步和歌剧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A catholic approach to reading exposes students to diverse perspectives across literature, science, and history.",
    "zh": "兼收并蓄的阅读方式能让学生接触文学、科学和历史领域的多元视角。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "catholic tastes｜广泛的兴趣",
   "Catholic Church｜天主教会",
   "a practising Catholic｜践行信仰的天主教徒"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Catholicism (n.)",
   "catholicity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "wide-ranging"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "小写指广泛包容；指天主教或其信徒须大写Catholic。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "catholic"
 },
 {
  "w": "misconceive",
  "uk": "/ˌmɪskənˈsiːv/",
  "us": "/ˌmɪskənˈsiːv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "误解；错误理解",
    "en": "to understand something in the wrong way"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "I misconceived her silence as a sign of agreement.",
    "zh": "我误把她的沉默理解为同意。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policymakers may misconceive local needs if they fail to consult residents before introducing changes.",
    "zh": "政策制定者若不在推行改革前征求居民意见，就可能误解当地需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "misconceive someone's intentions｜误解某人的意图",
   "misconceive the purpose｜误解目的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "misconception (n.)",
   "misconceived (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "misunderstand",
   "misinterpret"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "understand"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式；日常表达“误解”更常用misunderstand。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "misconceive"
 },
 {
  "w": "slay",
  "uk": "/sleɪ/",
  "us": "/sleɪ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "杀死；杀害",
    "en": "To kill someone or something, especially violently."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "In the old tale, a knight slays a dragon.",
    "zh": "在那个古老的故事里，一名骑士杀死了一条龙。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional legends often celebrate heroes who slay monsters to protect their communities from danger.",
    "zh": "传统传说常常颂扬那些杀死怪物、保护社区免受危险的英雄。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "slay a dragon｜杀死恶龙",
   "slay a monster｜杀死怪物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "slayer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "kill"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式slew，过去分词slain；常见于文学或新闻。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slay"
 },
 {
  "w": "cosset",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒsɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːsɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "悉心呵护；娇惯",
    "en": "to give someone excessive care, comfort, and protection"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They cosset their elderly dog with blankets and treats.",
    "zh": "他们给年老的狗盖毯子、喂零食，把它照顾得无微不至。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Parents who cosset their children may unintentionally limit opportunities for them to develop independence and cope with everyday challenges.",
    "zh": "过分呵护孩子的父母可能无意中限制孩子培养独立性及应对日常挑战的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cosset a child｜娇惯孩子",
   "a cosseted upbringing｜备受呵护的成长经历",
   "cosseted guests｜受到悉心照料的客人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "pamper",
   "coddle",
   "spoil"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "neglect"
  ],
  "tip": "及物动词，常暗示照顾过度；名词用法已罕见。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "cosset"
 },
 {
  "w": "libertarian",
  "uk": "/ˌlɪbəˈteəriən/",
  "us": "/ˌlɪbərˈteriən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "自由意志主义者",
    "en": "Someone favouring individual freedom and minimal government control"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自由意志主义的",
    "en": "Favouring individual freedom and minimal government control"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My neighbour is a libertarian who values personal choice.",
    "zh": "我的邻居是一位重视个人选择的自由意志主义者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A libertarian approach to economic policy generally favours reducing government intervention and expanding individual choice.",
    "zh": "自由意志主义的经济政策取向通常主张减少政府干预，扩大个人选择空间。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "libertarian views｜自由意志主义观点",
   "libertarian principles｜自由意志主义原则",
   "a libertarian approach｜自由意志主义的做法"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "libertarianism (n.)",
   "liberty (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调个人自由和有限政府，不等同于liberal。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "libertarian"
 },
 {
  "w": "septic",
  "uk": "/ˈseptɪk/",
  "us": "/ˈseptɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "感染的；脓毒性的",
    "en": "infected with harmful bacteria, or relating to such infection"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse cleaned the septic wound and changed its dressing.",
    "zh": "护士清洁了感染的伤口，并更换了敷料。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prompt treatment of bacterial infections can reduce the risk of septic shock and improve patient outcomes.",
    "zh": "及时治疗细菌感染可以降低脓毒性休克的风险，改善患者的治疗结果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a septic wound｜感染的伤口",
   "septic shock｜脓毒性休克",
   "a septic tank｜化粪池"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sepsis (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "infected"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "septic tank 指化粪池；septic 不作“腐烂物”名词。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "septic"
 },
 {
  "w": "recompense",
  "uk": "/ˈrekəmpens/",
  "us": "/ˈrekəmpens/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "补偿；报酬",
    "en": "Payment or a reward for work, loss, or inconvenience."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "补偿；酬谢",
    "en": "To pay or reward someone for work, loss, or inconvenience."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shop offered a refund as recompense for the inconvenience.",
    "zh": "商店提出退款，以补偿给顾客造成的不便。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Employees should receive fair recompense for additional duties rather than being expected to work extra hours without payment.",
    "zh": "员工承担额外职责应获得公平报酬，而不应被要求无偿加班。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fair recompense｜公平的报酬",
   "recompense for｜对……的补偿",
   "recompense someone for something｜因某事补偿某人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "compensation",
   "repayment"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较正式；动词用recompense sb for sth。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "recompense"
 },
 {
  "w": "idiosyncrasy",
  "uk": "/ˌɪdiəˈsɪŋkrəsi/",
  "us": "/ˌɪdiəˈsɪŋkrəsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "个人特有的习惯；特性",
    "en": "an unusual habit or feature particular to someone or something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "One of his idiosyncrasies is sorting socks by colour.",
    "zh": "他的一个独特习惯是按颜色整理袜子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Effective teachers recognise individual idiosyncrasies and adapt their methods without discouraging students from expressing their personalities.",
    "zh": "优秀教师会认识到个体特有的习惯并调整教学方法，而不打击学生表达个性的积极性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "personal idiosyncrasies｜个人特有的习惯",
   "individual idiosyncrasies｜个体特性",
   "linguistic idiosyncrasies｜语言上的独特之处"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "idiosyncratic (adj.)",
   "idiosyncratically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "quirk",
   "peculiarity"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，复数为idiosyncrasies，常指独特习惯。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "idiosyncrasy"
 },
 {
  "w": "zealous",
  "uk": "/ˈzeləs/",
  "us": "/ˈzeləs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "热忱的；积极投入的",
    "en": "Showing great enthusiasm and commitment to a cause or activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A zealous volunteer cleaned the entire beach before lunch.",
    "zh": "一位热忱的志愿者午饭前就清理了整片海滩。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Zealous campaigners can raise public awareness, but lasting environmental progress also requires effective government policies.",
    "zh": "热心的倡导者能够提高公众意识，但持久的环境改善还需要有效的政府政策。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a zealous supporter｜热忱的支持者",
   "zealous in their efforts｜努力而热忱",
   "overly zealous｜过分热心的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "zeal (n.)",
   "zealously (adv.)",
   "overzealous (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "enthusiastic",
   "ardent",
   "fervent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "apathetic",
   "indifferent"
  ],
  "tip": "语气比enthusiastic强，有时暗示热心得过头。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "zealous"
 },
 {
  "w": "murmur",
  "uk": "/ˈmɜːmə/",
  "us": "/ˈmɝːmɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "低声说；喃喃道",
    "en": "To speak in a quiet, gentle voice."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "低语声；轻柔持续的声音",
    "en": "A quiet, continuous sound or softly spoken words."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "低声抱怨",
    "en": "A quiet expression of dissatisfaction or disagreement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She murmured a quiet thank you and smiled.",
    "zh": "她轻声道了谢，露出微笑。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A murmur of concern spread through the audience as the proposed library closures were announced.",
    "zh": "拟议的图书馆关闭计划公布时，听众中传出一阵担忧的低语。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "murmur softly｜轻声说",
   "a murmur of approval｜低声赞同",
   "without a murmur｜毫无怨言"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "mutter"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调轻柔低声；mutter常带不满或含糊的意味。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "murmur"
 },
 {
  "w": "rectification",
  "uk": "/ˌrektɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/",
  "us": "/ˌrektɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "纠正；修正",
    "en": "The process of correcting an error or putting something right"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "整流",
    "en": "The process of converting alternating electric current into direct current"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The builder promised prompt rectification of the faulty wiring.",
    "zh": "建筑工人承诺及时修复有问题的线路。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent inspections allow the early identification and rectification of structural defects before buildings are opened to the public.",
    "zh": "独立检查有助于在建筑向公众开放前，及早发现并修正结构缺陷。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rectification of errors｜错误的纠正",
   "rectification work｜整改工作",
   "half-wave rectification｜半波整流"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rectify (v.)",
   "rectifier (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "correction"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式名词；日常说“纠正”常用correction。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rectification"
 },
 {
  "w": "therewith",
  "uk": "/ˌðeəˈwɪð/",
  "us": "/ˌðerˈwɪð/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "随同；与此一起",
    "en": "with that thing or together with it"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "随即；于是",
    "en": "immediately after that"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She handed him the parcel and a ribbon therewith.",
    "zh": "她把包裹连同一条丝带递给了他。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Applicants must submit the completed form and all supporting documents therewith before the committee considers their request.",
    "zh": "申请人必须提交填好的表格及随附的全部证明文件，委员会才会审议其申请。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "documents submitted therewith｜随同提交的文件",
   "costs associated therewith｜与此相关的费用"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "古旧或法律用语；日常用with it或along with it。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "therewith"
 },
 {
  "w": "shamble",
  "uk": "/ˈʃæm.bəl/",
  "us": "/ˈʃæm.bəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拖着脚缓慢行走",
    "en": "To walk slowly and awkwardly, dragging your feet"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拖沓的步态",
    "en": "A slow, awkward walk with dragging feet"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Still half asleep, he shambled into the kitchen.",
    "zh": "他还半睡半醒，拖着脚走进了厨房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "After hours of physical work, exhausted labourers may shamble home rather than walk briskly.",
    "zh": "经过数小时的体力劳动，筋疲力尽的工人回家时可能脚步拖沓，而非步履轻快。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "shamble along｜拖着脚缓慢前行",
   "shamble into｜拖着脚走进",
   "shamble across｜拖着脚穿过"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "shambling (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shuffle"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调脚步拖沓、不利落，不一定是失去平衡。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "shamble"
 },
 {
  "w": "yoke",
  "uk": "/jəʊk/",
  "us": "/joʊk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "牛轭",
    "en": "A wooden frame joining two animals to pull a load."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "束缚；压迫",
    "en": "A condition of being controlled or oppressed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "给…套轭；使强行结合",
    "en": "Join animals with a frame, or force things together."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer placed a wooden yoke across the oxen's necks.",
    "zh": "农夫把木轭架在两头牛的脖子上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many communities struggled for generations to free themselves from the yoke of colonial rule.",
    "zh": "许多群体为摆脱殖民统治的枷锁，进行了数代人的抗争。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a wooden yoke｜木轭",
   "the yoke of oppression｜压迫的枷锁",
   "yoke together｜套轭连在一起"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "与 yolk（蛋黄）同音；比喻义常指压迫的枷锁。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "yoke"
 },
 {
  "w": "repudiate",
  "uk": "/rɪˈpjuːdieɪt/",
  "us": "/rɪˈpjuːdieɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "坚决否认；拒绝接受",
    "en": "To firmly reject a claim, belief, or association."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拒绝履行；拒付",
    "en": "To refuse to honour an agreement or pay a debt."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She firmly repudiated the rumour that she had cheated.",
    "zh": "她坚决否认了关于她作弊的传言。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Professional associations should repudiate misleading claims that undermine public confidence in established medical treatments.",
    "zh": "专业协会应明确驳斥那些削弱公众对成熟医疗方法信心的误导性说法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "repudiate an allegation｜坚决否认指控",
   "repudiate a claim｜驳斥某种说法",
   "repudiate a contract｜拒绝履行合同",
   "repudiate a debt｜拒付债务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "repudiation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reject",
   "disavow"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "accept",
   "endorse"
  ],
  "tip": "是正式动词，不是名词；名词为repudiation。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "repudiate"
 },
 {
  "w": "fortuity",
  "uk": "/fɔːˈtjuːəti/",
  "us": "/fɔːrˈtuːəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "偶然事件；偶然性",
    "en": "An event happening by chance, or chance itself."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "By sheer fortuity, we booked seats beside each other.",
    "zh": "纯属巧合，我们订的座位竟然挨在一起。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientific breakthroughs sometimes involve fortuity, although careful observation remains essential for recognising the value of unexpected results.",
    "zh": "科学突破有时涉及偶然因素，但要认识到意外结果的价值，细致观察仍然至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "by sheer fortuity｜纯属偶然",
   "an element of fortuity｜偶然因素"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fortuitous (adj.)",
   "fortuitously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "chance",
   "coincidence"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较罕见的正式词；日常表达多用chance或coincidence。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fortuity"
 },
 {
  "w": "strife",
  "uk": "/straɪf/",
  "us": "/straɪf/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冲突；纷争",
    "en": "serious disagreement or conflict between people or groups"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Arguments over money caused constant strife in the family.",
    "zh": "关于钱的争吵让这家人纷争不断。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Economic inequality can fuel social strife when communities feel excluded from opportunities for a better life.",
    "zh": "当一些群体觉得自己被排除在改善生活的机会之外时，经济不平等可能加剧社会冲突。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "social strife｜社会冲突",
   "civil strife｜内乱",
   "industrial strife｜劳资纠纷"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "conflict",
   "discord"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "harmony"
  ],
  "tip": "不可数名词，语气正式，比一般争论更严重。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "strife"
 },
 {
  "w": "skirmish",
  "uk": "/ˈskɜːmɪʃ/",
  "us": "/ˈskɝːmɪʃ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小规模战斗；短暂冲突",
    "en": "A brief fight between small groups of opposing forces."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "小争执；短暂争论",
    "en": "A brief argument, often within a larger disagreement."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发生小规模冲突",
    "en": "Fight or argue briefly without a major confrontation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their skirmish over the remote ended with a compromise.",
    "zh": "他们为遥控器起的小争执最终以妥协告终。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A brief border skirmish can undermine diplomatic progress and discourage investment in nearby communities.",
    "zh": "短暂的边境冲突可能破坏外交进展，并削弱投资者对附近社区的投资意愿。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "border skirmish｜边境小规模冲突",
   "minor skirmish｜小冲突",
   "skirmish over something｜围绕某事的争执"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "skirmisher (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "clash",
   "clash of arms"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调规模小、时间短；也可比喻口头争执。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "skirmish"
 },
 {
  "w": "scum",
  "uk": "/skʌm/",
  "us": "/skʌm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "浮渣；浮垢",
    "en": "An unpleasant layer of waste or bubbles on a liquid."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人渣（侮辱语）",
    "en": "An insulting word for people considered extremely unpleasant or immoral."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He skimmed the scum off the simmering soup.",
    "zh": "他撇去了炖煮中的汤表面的浮沫。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A thick layer of scum on a pond may indicate excessive nutrient levels caused by agricultural runoff.",
    "zh": "池塘表面厚厚的浮垢可能表明农业径流导致了水体营养物质过量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "skim off the scum｜撇去浮渣",
   "a layer of scum｜一层浮垢",
   "soap scum｜皂垢"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；用来指人时侮辱性很强，应避免。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "指人时是强烈侮辱语",
  "id": "scum"
 },
 {
  "w": "slithery",
  "uk": "/ˈslɪðəri/",
  "us": "/ˈslɪðəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "滑溜的；蜿蜒滑行的",
    "en": "slippery or moving smoothly with a twisting motion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A slithery eel wriggled out of the fishing net.",
    "zh": "一条滑溜溜的鳗鱼扭动着钻出了渔网。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children can overcome their fear of slithery animals through supervised observation and lessons about local wildlife.",
    "zh": "通过有人指导的观察和有关当地野生动物的课程，孩子们可以克服对滑溜动物的恐惧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a slithery snake｜蜿蜒滑行的蛇",
   "a slithery eel｜滑溜溜的鳗鱼"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "slither (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "slippery"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常形容蛇、鳗鱼等滑溜或扭动滑行的动物。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "slithery"
 },
 {
  "w": "dainty",
  "uk": "/ˈdeɪnti/",
  "us": "/ˈdeɪnti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "小巧精致的",
    "en": "small, delicate, and attractive"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "文雅的；小心翼翼的",
    "en": "showing delicate or careful movements and manners"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She served the tea in dainty porcelain cups.",
    "zh": "她用小巧精致的瓷杯端上了茶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The exhibition features dainty ornaments that demonstrate the remarkable precision achieved by traditional craft workers.",
    "zh": "展览展出了小巧精美的饰品，体现出传统手工艺人令人赞叹的精湛技艺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "dainty jewellery｜小巧精致的首饰",
   "dainty cups｜精巧的杯子",
   "dainty bites｜小口进食"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "daintily (adv.)",
   "daintiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "delicate",
   "exquisite"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "clumsy"
  ],
  "tip": "常形容杯具、首饰等小而精致，不泛指高档。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "dainty"
 },
 {
  "w": "contemptuous",
  "uk": "/kənˈtemptʃuəs/",
  "us": "/kənˈtemptʃuəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "轻蔑的；鄙视的",
    "en": "showing that you consider someone or something unworthy of respect"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She gave my muddy shoes a contemptuous glance.",
    "zh": "她轻蔑地瞥了一眼我沾满泥的鞋子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Leaders who are contemptuous of public concerns risk damaging trust in the institutions they represent.",
    "zh": "轻视公众关切的领导者可能损害公众对其所代表机构的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "contemptuous of｜鄙视……的",
   "a contemptuous glance｜轻蔑的一瞥",
   "a contemptuous tone｜轻蔑的语气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "contempt (n.)",
   "contemptuously (adv.)",
   "contemptible (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "scornful",
   "disdainful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "respectful"
  ],
  "tip": "contemptuous是鄙视人的；contemptible是可鄙的。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "contemptuous"
 },
 {
  "w": "photostatic",
  "uk": "/ˌfəʊtəʊˈstætɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌfoʊtoʊˈstætɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "照相复制的",
    "en": "Relating to copies of documents made by a photographic process."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The archive kept a photostatic copy of her certificate.",
    "zh": "档案馆保存着她证书的一份照相复制件。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before digital scanning became widespread, photostatic reproduction allowed libraries to share rare documents without transporting the originals.",
    "zh": "在数字扫描普及之前，照相复制使图书馆能够共享珍贵文献，而无需运输原件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a photostatic copy｜照相复制件",
   "photostatic reproduction｜照相复制"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "photostat (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "旧式技术用语，指照相复制，并非静电复印。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "photostatic"
 },
 {
  "w": "irrevocable",
  "uk": "/ɪˈrevəkəbl/",
  "us": "/ɪˈrevəkəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不可撤销的；无法改变的",
    "en": "Impossible to change, cancel, or take back."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Once you sign, your decision becomes legally irrevocable.",
    "zh": "一旦签字，你的决定在法律上就不可撤销了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should consult local communities before making irrevocable decisions about the destruction of historic buildings.",
    "zh": "政府在作出拆除历史建筑的不可撤销决定之前，应征求当地社区的意见。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an irrevocable decision｜不可撤销的决定",
   "irrevocable consent｜不可撤销的同意",
   "an irrevocable commitment｜不可撤回的承诺"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "irrevocably (adv.)",
   "revocable (adj.)",
   "revoke (v.)",
   "revocation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "irreversible",
   "unalterable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "revocable"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰决定、同意或承诺，强调无法撤回。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "irrevocable"
 },
 {
  "w": "averagely",
  "uk": "/ˈævərɪdʒli/",
  "us": "/ˈævərɪdʒli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "一般地；中等地",
    "en": "To an ordinary degree, rather than exceptionally well or badly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The team played averagely but still won the match.",
    "zh": "这支球队表现一般，但还是赢了比赛。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who perform averagely in examinations may still demonstrate considerable creativity through practical classroom projects.",
    "zh": "考试表现一般的学生，仍可能通过课堂实践项目展现出很强的创造力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "perform averagely｜表现一般",
   "averagely talented｜天赋普通的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "average (adj.)",
   "average (n.)",
   "average (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "moderately"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "此词较少见；表示“平均而言”通常用on average。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "averagely"
 },
 {
  "w": "genus",
  "uk": "/ˈdʒiːnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈdʒiːnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "属（生物分类单位）",
    "en": "a biological group containing closely related species"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "These two garden plants belong to the same genus.",
    "zh": "这两种园艺植物属于同一个属。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Scientists classified the newly discovered frog within an existing genus after comparing its genetic characteristics with related species.",
    "zh": "科学家将新发现的青蛙与近缘物种的遗传特征进行比较后，把它归入了一个已有的属。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "belong to a genus｜属于某个属",
   "the same genus｜同一个属",
   "a new genus｜一个新属"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "复数为genera；属低于科、高于种。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "genus"
 },
 {
  "w": "short-weight",
  "uk": "/ˌʃɔːtˈweɪt/",
  "us": "/ˌʃɔːrtˈweɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "售货时缺斤少两",
    "en": "Give a customer less weight of goods than paid for"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The shopkeeper short-weighted my rice by using faulty scales.",
    "zh": "店主使用有问题的秤，卖给我的米缺斤少两。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular inspections of market scales can prevent traders from short-weighting customers and help maintain confidence in local commerce.",
    "zh": "定期检查市场用秤可以防止商贩缺斤少两，并帮助维持消费者对当地商业的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "short-weight customers｜向顾客售货时缺斤少两",
   "short-weight a buyer｜给买家不足分量的货"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "动词指缺斤少两；名词通常分写为 short weight。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "罕用形式；名词“短重”通常写作 short weight。",
  "id": "short-weight"
 },
 {
  "w": "axial",
  "uk": "/ˈæksiəl/",
  "us": "/ˈæksiəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "轴的；轴向的",
    "en": "relating to an axis or extending along it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mechanic checked the shaft for excessive axial movement.",
    "zh": "机械师检查了轴是否存在过大的轴向移动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Changes in the Earth's axial tilt influence how solar energy is distributed across the planet.",
    "zh": "地球自转轴倾角的变化会影响太阳能在全球的分布。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "axial tilt｜轴倾角",
   "axial rotation｜绕轴旋转",
   "axial load｜轴向载荷"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "axis (n.)",
   "axially (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "axial与轴有关；radial指沿半径方向的。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "axial"
 },
 {
  "w": "superintend",
  "uk": "/ˌsuːpərɪnˈtend/",
  "us": "/ˌsuːpərɪnˈtend/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "监督；主管",
    "en": "To oversee and take responsibility for work or an activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "An experienced gardener superintended the planting of our trees.",
    "zh": "一位经验丰富的园丁监督了我们种树的过程。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Qualified engineers should superintend major construction projects to ensure that safety standards are consistently maintained.",
    "zh": "大型建设项目应由合格工程师监督，以确保始终遵守安全标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "superintend construction｜监督施工",
   "superintend the work｜监督工作",
   "superintend operations｜主管业务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "superintendent (n.)",
   "superintendence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "supervise",
   "oversee",
   "manage"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式及物动词，直接接工作或活动；日常多用supervise。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "superintend"
 },
 {
  "w": "elemental",
  "uk": "/ˌelɪˈmentəl/",
  "us": "/ˌelɪˈmentəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "基本的；根本的",
    "en": "Relating to the most basic features or forces of something."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "自然力的",
    "en": "Relating to powerful natural forces such as wind and water."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "元素态的",
    "en": "Consisting of a chemical element rather than a compound."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The storm awakened an elemental fear deep inside me.",
    "zh": "暴风雨唤起了我内心深处最本能的恐惧。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to food and shelter addresses elemental human needs that economic policy should never overlook.",
    "zh": "获得食物和住所满足了基本的人类需求，经济政策绝不应忽视这些需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "elemental forces｜自然力量",
   "an elemental fear｜本能的恐惧",
   "elemental carbon｜单质碳"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "element (n.)",
   "elementally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "fundamental",
   "basic"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "elemental强调根本或自然力；elementary常指初级。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "elemental"
 },
 {
  "w": "facsimile",
  "uk": "/fækˈsɪməli/",
  "us": "/fækˈsɪməli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "精确复制品；摹本",
    "en": "An exact copy of a document, book, or picture"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "传真；传真件",
    "en": "A copy of a document sent electronically over telephone lines"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The museum shop sells a facsimile of this ancient map.",
    "zh": "博物馆商店出售这幅古地图的精确复制品。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A high-quality facsimile allows researchers to examine historical documents without damaging the fragile originals.",
    "zh": "高质量的摹本让研究人员能够查阅历史文献，而不损坏脆弱的原件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a facsimile edition｜影印版",
   "an exact facsimile｜精确复制品",
   "send by facsimile｜通过传真发送"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "replica",
   "reproduction"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "original"
  ],
  "tip": "指精确复制品；表示传真时通常简称fax。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "facsimile"
 },
 {
  "w": "radium",
  "uk": "/ˈreɪdiəm/",
  "us": "/ˈreɪdiəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "镭（放射性金属元素）",
    "en": "A radioactive metallic chemical element"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We learned about radium during our science lesson today.",
    "zh": "今天的科学课上，我们学习了有关镭的知识。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The discovery of radium advanced scientific understanding of radioactivity, although its health risks were initially underestimated.",
    "zh": "镭的发现推动了科学界对放射性的认识，但其健康风险起初被低估了。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "radium decay｜镭的衰变",
   "radium exposure｜镭暴露",
   "radium isotopes｜镭同位素"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "radium是不可数名词，元素符号为Ra。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "radium"
 },
 {
  "w": "throng",
  "uk": "/θrɒŋ/",
  "us": "/θrɔːŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "人群；大群人",
    "en": "a large crowd of people gathered closely together"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "蜂拥；挤满",
    "en": "to gather somewhere in large numbers"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We pushed through the throng to reach the exit.",
    "zh": "我们挤过人群，来到出口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Throngs of visitors can place considerable pressure on historic sites during the peak tourist season.",
    "zh": "在旅游旺季，大批游客可能给历史遗址带来相当大的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a throng of people｜一大群人",
   "throngs of tourists｜成群的游客",
   "throng the streets｜挤满街道"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "crowd"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "偏书面；a throng of后接复数名词。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "throng"
 },
 {
  "w": "ulcer",
  "uk": "/ˈʌlsə/",
  "us": "/ˈʌlsɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "溃疡",
    "en": "an open sore on the skin or inside the body"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This mouth ulcer makes eating fresh oranges uncomfortable.",
    "zh": "这个口腔溃疡让我吃鲜橙时很不舒服。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early diagnosis of a stomach ulcer can help patients receive appropriate treatment and avoid complications.",
    "zh": "及早诊断胃溃疡有助于患者接受适当治疗并避免并发症。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a stomach ulcer｜胃溃疡",
   "a mouth ulcer｜口腔溃疡",
   "a peptic ulcer｜消化性溃疡"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ulceration (n.)",
   "ulcerative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可数名词，常用身体部位修饰，如mouth ulcer。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ulcer"
 },
 {
  "w": "tenacious",
  "uk": "/təˈneɪʃəs/",
  "us": "/təˈneɪʃəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "坚韧不拔的；执着的",
    "en": "determined to continue despite difficulties"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "紧抓不放的；难消除的",
    "en": "holding firmly or remaining difficult to remove or change"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tenacious runner kept going despite the steep hill.",
    "zh": "尽管山坡陡峭，那位意志顽强的跑者仍继续前进。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Tenacious researchers often overcome repeated setbacks before producing discoveries that significantly improve public health.",
    "zh": "坚韧不拔的研究人员往往要克服重重挫折，才能取得显著改善公共健康的发现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tenacious campaigner｜坚持不懈的倡导者",
   "a tenacious grip｜紧紧的抓握",
   "tenacious resistance｜顽强的抵抗"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tenacity (n.)",
   "tenaciously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "persistent",
   "determined"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "核心是坚持不放弃；也可形容抓得紧或难消除。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tenacious"
 },
 {
  "w": "remission",
  "uk": "/rɪˈmɪʃən/",
  "us": "/rɪˈmɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "病情缓解期；缓解",
    "en": "A period when a serious illness improves or becomes inactive."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "减免；赦免",
    "en": "An official reduction or cancellation of a debt or punishment."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her illness is in remission, and she feels stronger.",
    "zh": "她的病情处于缓解期，身体也感觉更有力了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in medical treatment have enabled more patients to achieve remission and enjoy a better quality of life.",
    "zh": "医疗进步使更多患者得以缓解病情，并享有更好的生活质量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in remission｜处于病情缓解期",
   "complete remission｜完全缓解",
   "remission of debt｜债务减免"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "remit (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "in remission指病情缓解，不一定表示治愈。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "remission"
 },
 {
  "w": "Leninism",
  "uk": "/ˈlenɪnɪzəm/",
  "us": "/ˈlenɪnɪzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "列宁主义",
    "en": "Lenin's political theories, particularly concerning revolution and leadership by a party."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our history teacher explained Leninism during today's afternoon lesson.",
    "zh": "历史老师在今天下午的课上讲解了列宁主义。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students studying Leninism often examine its influence on revolutionary movements and political institutions during the twentieth century.",
    "zh": "研究列宁主义的学生常考察它对二十世纪革命运动和政治制度的影响。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the principles of Leninism｜列宁主义的原则",
   "the influence of Leninism｜列宁主义的影响",
   "Marxism-Leninism｜马克思列宁主义"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "Leninist (n.)",
   "Leninist (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "专有思想名称，首字母大写；通常作不可数名词。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "leninism"
 },
 {
  "w": "disposition",
  "uk": "/ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "性情；性格",
    "en": "a person's usual mood and way of behaving"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "倾向；意愿",
    "en": "a natural tendency or willingness to do something"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "部署；排列",
    "en": "the arrangement of people or things in particular positions"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her cheerful disposition makes even rainy mornings feel brighter.",
    "zh": "她开朗的性格让阴雨天的早晨也显得明亮起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Children with a cautious disposition may benefit from gradual exposure to unfamiliar classroom activities.",
    "zh": "性格谨慎的孩子逐步接触陌生的课堂活动，可能会从中受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "cheerful disposition｜开朗的性格",
   "a disposition to help｜乐于助人的倾向",
   "a disposition towards anxiety｜容易焦虑的倾向"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "temperament",
   "inclination"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "性情义常用单数；a disposition to do表示做某事的倾向。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "disposition"
 },
 {
  "w": "redound",
  "uk": "/rɪˈdaʊnd/",
  "us": "/rɪˈdaʊnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "有助于；产生某种结果",
    "en": "To produce a particular result, especially credit or benefit."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your generosity will redound to the whole team's credit.",
    "zh": "你的慷慨之举将为整个团队增光。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Sustained investment in public libraries can redound to the benefit of communities by expanding access to knowledge.",
    "zh": "持续投资公共图书馆可以扩大获取知识的机会，从而造福社区。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "redound to someone's credit｜为某人增光",
   "redound to the benefit of｜有益于",
   "redound to someone's honour｜为某人增添荣誉"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式且少见；常接to，不能直接接宾语表示增加。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "redound"
 },
 {
  "w": "exoneration",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˌzɒnəˈreɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˌzɑːnəˈreɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "洗清罪名；免责",
    "en": "An official finding that someone is not guilty or responsible."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her exoneration brought relief to the whole family.",
    "zh": "她获证清白，让全家都松了一口气。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The exoneration of wrongly convicted individuals demonstrates why legal systems must allow new evidence to be reviewed.",
    "zh": "被错误定罪者获证清白，说明司法体系必须允许重新审查新证据。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "complete exoneration｜彻底洗清罪名",
   "seek exoneration｜寻求洗清罪名",
   "lead to exoneration｜使人获证清白"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exonerate (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "vindication"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调证明无罪或无责；pardon指赦免。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exoneration"
 },
 {
  "w": "peruse",
  "uk": "/pəˈruːz/",
  "us": "/pəˈruːz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "仔细阅读；审阅",
    "en": "To read or examine something carefully"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please peruse the rental agreement before you sign it.",
    "zh": "签字前请仔细阅读租赁协议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students should peruse the assessment criteria carefully before preparing their final research projects for submission.",
    "zh": "学生在准备提交最终研究项目之前，应仔细阅读评分标准。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "peruse a document｜审阅文件",
   "peruse a report｜仔细阅读报告",
   "peruse carefully｜仔细审阅"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perusal (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "read",
   "examine",
   "study"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用词；直接接阅读对象，名词为perusal。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "peruse"
 },
 {
  "w": "pyrite",
  "uk": "/ˈpaɪraɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈpaɪraɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "黄铁矿",
    "en": "a shiny yellow mineral containing iron and sulphur"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The tiny piece of pyrite glittered in her palm.",
    "zh": "那小块黄铁矿在她掌心闪闪发亮。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although pyrite resembles gold, its chemical composition and commercial value are very different from those of gold.",
    "zh": "虽然黄铁矿看似黄金，但其化学成分和商业价值与黄金大不相同。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pyrite crystals｜黄铁矿晶体",
   "pyrite deposits｜黄铁矿矿床",
   "iron pyrite｜黄铁矿"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "因外观似金，俗称 fool’s gold（愚人金）。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pyrite"
 },
 {
  "w": "malaise",
  "uk": "/mæˈleɪz/",
  "us": "/mæˈleɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "全身不适；不安",
    "en": "a general feeling of illness or unease without a clear cause"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "萎靡；低迷状态",
    "en": "a widespread lack of confidence, energy, or progress in society"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A lingering malaise kept me on the sofa all afternoon.",
    "zh": "持续的不适让我整个下午都待在沙发上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged economic malaise can weaken public confidence and discourage businesses from investing in new projects.",
    "zh": "长期的经济低迷会削弱公众信心，并使企业不愿投资新项目。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "general malaise｜全身不适",
   "economic malaise｜经济低迷",
   "a sense of malaise｜一种不安感"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较正式，既指笼统的身体不适，也可指社会经济低迷。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "malaise"
 },
 {
  "w": "intersperse",
  "uk": "/ˌɪntəˈspɜːs/",
  "us": "/ˌɪntərˈspɜːrs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "穿插；点缀；散布",
    "en": "to place things among others at intervals"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She interspersed bright flowers among the herbs on her balcony.",
    "zh": "她在阳台的香草植物之间点缀了鲜艳的花朵。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Teachers can intersperse short discussions throughout lectures to maintain attention and encourage students to participate.",
    "zh": "教师可以在讲课过程中穿插简短讨论，以保持学生的注意力并鼓励参与。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "intersperse A with B｜在A中穿插B",
   "be interspersed with｜间杂着",
   "intersperse throughout｜穿插于各处"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "interspersion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "scatter",
   "distribute"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "intersperse A with B：在A中穿插B。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "intersperse"
 },
 {
  "w": "paraphernalia",
  "uk": "/ˌpærəfəˈneɪliə/",
  "us": "/ˌpærəfərˈneɪliə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "全套用具；杂七杂八的物品",
    "en": "The various objects needed for a particular activity."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our camping paraphernalia filled every corner of the garage.",
    "zh": "我们的露营用具塞满了车库的每个角落。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools need adequate storage for sports paraphernalia to keep shared spaces safe and equipment accessible to students.",
    "zh": "学校需要充足的空间存放体育用具，以确保公共区域安全，并方便学生取用器材。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "camping paraphernalia｜露营用具",
   "sports paraphernalia｜体育用具",
   "all the paraphernalia｜全套杂项用具"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "equipment",
   "gear"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常作不可数名词，不加a，也不再加复数s。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "paraphernalia"
 },
 {
  "w": "alga",
  "uk": "/ˈælɡə/",
  "us": "/ˈælɡə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "藻；藻类生物",
    "en": "A simple organism that photosynthesises, usually living in water."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Under the microscope, the tiny green alga looked beautiful.",
    "zh": "在显微镜下，这个微小的绿藻显得很美。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers are investigating whether this freshwater alga can remove pollutants from wastewater while producing material suitable for biofuel.",
    "zh": "研究人员正在探索这种淡水藻能否在去除废水污染物的同时，产生适合制造生物燃料的原料。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a freshwater alga｜一种淡水藻",
   "green algae｜绿藻",
   "algal growth｜藻类生长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "algae (n.)",
   "algal (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "alga是单数，复数为algae；整体谈藻类常用复数。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alga"
 },
 {
  "w": "melodious",
  "uk": "/məˈləʊdiəs/",
  "us": "/məˈloʊdiəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "悦耳的；旋律优美的",
    "en": "Having a pleasant musical sound"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A melodious whistle drifted through the open kitchen window.",
    "zh": "一阵悦耳的口哨声从敞开的厨房窗户飘了进来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional instruments produce melodious sounds that can introduce younger audiences to their cultural heritage.",
    "zh": "传统乐器奏出的优美乐声可以引导年轻听众了解自己的文化遗产。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "melodious voice｜悦耳的嗓音",
   "melodious song｜旋律优美的歌曲",
   "melodious sound｜悦耳的声音"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "melody (n.)",
   "melodiously (adv.)",
   "melodic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "tuneful",
   "musical"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "discordant"
  ],
  "tip": "强调声音悦耳；melodic侧重与旋律有关。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "melodious"
 },
 {
  "w": "eddy",
  "uk": "/ˈedi/",
  "us": "/ˈedi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "漩涡；涡流",
    "en": "A circular current in water or air."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打旋；形成漩涡",
    "en": "To move in a circular current."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A fallen leaf spun in an eddy beside the bridge.",
    "zh": "一片落叶在桥边的漩涡中打转。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Small eddies behind river barriers can trap floating waste and affect the movement of aquatic organisms.",
    "zh": "河流障碍物后的小漩涡会困住漂浮垃圾，并影响水生生物的移动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a swirling eddy｜旋转的涡流",
   "river eddies｜河流中的漩涡",
   "eddy currents｜涡流"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指水流或气流打旋；复数为eddies。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eddy"
 },
 {
  "w": "sullen",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌlən/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌlən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "闷闷不乐的；阴沉的",
    "en": "Silently showing anger or unhappiness and refusing to be friendly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He gave a sullen shrug and stared at the floor.",
    "zh": "他闷闷不乐地耸了耸肩，盯着地板。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Students who feel excluded may become sullen and less willing to participate in classroom discussions.",
    "zh": "感到被排斥的学生可能变得郁郁不乐，也更不愿参与课堂讨论。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sullen silence｜阴郁的沉默",
   "a sullen expression｜阴沉的表情",
   "a sullen mood｜闷闷不乐的心情"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sullenly (adv.)",
   "sullenness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "morose",
   "sulky"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cheerful"
  ],
  "tip": "强调生气或不快时沉默、不友好的样子。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sullen"
 },
 {
  "w": "plunder",
  "uk": "/ˈplʌndə/",
  "us": "/ˈplʌndɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "抢掠；掠夺",
    "en": "To steal goods by force, especially during war."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "掠夺物；赃物",
    "en": "Goods stolen by force, especially during war."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pirates plundered the ship and took its silver.",
    "zh": "海盗洗劫了那艘船，抢走了船上的白银。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Invading armies often plunder historic sites, causing permanent damage to the cultural heritage of affected communities.",
    "zh": "入侵军队常常劫掠历史遗址，对当地社区的文化遗产造成永久损害。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plunder a city｜洗劫城市",
   "plunder resources｜掠夺资源",
   "stolen plunder｜抢来的财物"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plunderer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "loot",
   "pillage"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指战乱中的抢掠；也可指肆意掠夺资源。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plunder"
 },
 {
  "w": "tetrad",
  "uk": "/ˈtetræd/",
  "us": "/ˈtetræd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "四个一组；四件套",
    "en": "A group or set of four things."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "四分体",
    "en": "Four chromatids formed when homologous chromosomes pair during meiosis."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Under the microscope, we spotted a tetrad of cells.",
    "zh": "在显微镜下，我们发现了一组四个细胞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During meiosis, each tetrad allows genetic material to be exchanged between paired chromosomes, contributing to biological diversity.",
    "zh": "在减数分裂过程中，每个四分体使配对染色体之间能够交换遗传物质，从而促进生物多样性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tetrad of cells｜一组四个细胞",
   "tetrad formation｜四分体形成",
   "tetrad analysis｜四分体分析"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "tetradic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "专业词；生物学四分体含四条染色单体。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tetrad"
 },
 {
  "w": "abridge",
  "uk": "/əˈbrɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/əˈbrɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "删节；节略",
    "en": "To shorten a written work while keeping its main content."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The publisher abridged the novel for younger readers.",
    "zh": "出版社为较年幼的读者推出了这部小说的删节版。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Publishers often abridge classic novels to make them more accessible to students with limited reading experience.",
    "zh": "出版社经常删节经典小说，使阅读经验有限的学生更容易读懂。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "abridge a novel｜删节小说",
   "an abridged edition｜删节版",
   "an abridged version｜节略版本"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "abridged (adj.)",
   "abridgement (n.)",
   "unabridged (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "shorten",
   "condense"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "expand"
  ],
  "tip": "删去部分内容但保留主干，不等同于写摘要。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "abridge"
 },
 {
  "w": "capitulate",
  "uk": "/kəˈpɪtʃuleɪt/",
  "us": "/kəˈpɪtʃuleɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "投降；屈服；让步",
    "en": "to stop resisting and accept another person's demands"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "After hours of arguing, we capitulated and ordered pizza.",
    "zh": "争论了几个小时后，我们终于让步，点了披萨。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should not capitulate to commercial pressure when public health and environmental protection are at stake.",
    "zh": "当公共健康和环境保护受到威胁时，政府不应向商业压力屈服。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "capitulate to pressure｜屈服于压力",
   "capitulate to demands｜接受要求而让步"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "capitulation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "surrender",
   "yield",
   "submit"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "resist"
  ],
  "tip": "不及物动词；向某人或压力屈服用capitulate to。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "capitulate"
 },
 {
  "w": "accede",
  "uk": "/əkˈsiːd/",
  "us": "/əkˈsiːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "同意；应允",
    "en": "to formally agree to a request, demand, or proposal"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "就任；即位",
    "en": "to take an important official position, especially as a ruler"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The landlord finally acceded to our request for repairs.",
    "zh": "房东终于答应了我们提出的维修要求。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments may accede to public demands for greater transparency when trust in national institutions declines.",
    "zh": "当公众对国家机构的信任下降时，政府可能会同意提高透明度的要求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "accede to a request｜答应请求",
   "accede to demands｜同意要求",
   "accede to the throne｜即位"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "accession (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "agree",
   "consent"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "refuse"
  ],
  "tip": "正式用语，通常接to；勿与exceed（超过）混淆。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "accede"
 },
 {
  "w": "odyssey",
  "uk": "/ˈɒdəsi/",
  "us": "/ˈɑːdəsi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "漫长而多波折的旅程",
    "en": "a long journey involving many difficult or exciting experiences"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Their cycling odyssey took them across deserts and mountains.",
    "zh": "他们漫长的骑行历程带他们穿越了沙漠和群山。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The documentary follows one family's odyssey across several continents, exploring how migration reshapes identity and belonging.",
    "zh": "这部纪录片跟随一个家庭跨越数大洲的漫长旅程，探讨迁移如何重塑身份认同与归属感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "epic odyssey｜壮阔的漫长旅程",
   "personal odyssey｜个人的探索历程",
   "spiritual odyssey｜心灵探索之旅"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "journey",
   "quest"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "文学色彩较强，也可比喻人生探索；复数odysseys。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "odyssey"
 },
 {
  "w": "thereof",
  "uk": "/ˌðeərˈɒv/",
  "us": "/ˌðerˈʌv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "其中的；有关它的",
    "en": "of or relating to the thing just mentioned"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We discussed dinner plans, or rather the lack thereof.",
    "zh": "我们讨论了晚餐安排，确切说，是根本没有安排这回事。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to public transport, or the lack thereof, strongly influences employment opportunities in rural communities.",
    "zh": "能否使用公共交通，会显著影响农村社区居民的就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lack thereof｜其缺乏",
   "parts thereof｜其中的部分",
   "any portion thereof｜其中的任何部分"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "意为of that，常见于法律文体，不等于therefore。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "thereof"
 },
 {
  "w": "macabre",
  "uk": "/məˈkɑːbrə/",
  "us": "/məˈkɑːbrə/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "与死亡有关而恐怖的",
    "en": "Disturbing or frightening because of a connection with death."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old theatre displayed a macabre painting of dancing skeletons.",
    "zh": "那座老剧院陈列着一幅骷髅起舞的恐怖画作。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Macabre imagery in literature can encourage readers to reflect on mortality rather than merely provoke fear.",
    "zh": "文学中与死亡有关的恐怖意象可以促使读者思考生命的终结，而不只是引发恐惧。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "macabre humour｜死亡主题的黑色幽默",
   "macabre imagery｜死亡主题的恐怖意象",
   "macabre tale｜恐怖故事"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "gruesome",
   "ghoulish"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不泛指吓人，通常涉及死亡或令人不安的细节。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "macabre"
 },
 {
  "w": "sclerosis",
  "uk": "/skləˈrəʊsɪs/",
  "us": "/skləˈroʊsɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "硬化；硬化症",
    "en": "Abnormal hardening of tissue within the body."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The specialist explained that sclerosis involves hardening of body tissue.",
    "zh": "专科医生解释说，硬化涉及身体组织变硬。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Multiple sclerosis affects the central nervous system, and its symptoms can vary considerably between individuals.",
    "zh": "多发性硬化症影响中枢神经系统，其症状可能因人而异。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "multiple sclerosis｜多发性硬化症",
   "tissue sclerosis｜组织硬化"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sclerotic (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "医学词；multiple sclerosis是多发性硬化症。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sclerosis"
 },
 {
  "w": "fetter",
  "uk": "/ˈfetə/",
  "us": "/ˈfetər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "束缚；限制",
    "en": "To restrict someone's freedom or ability to act."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "桎梏；束缚；脚镣",
    "en": "Something limiting freedom, or a chain securing someone's ankles."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Don't let fear fetter your plans to travel alone.",
    "zh": "别让恐惧束缚你独自旅行的计划。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Excessive administrative requirements can fetter small businesses, preventing them from investing in innovation and creating jobs.",
    "zh": "过多的行政要求可能束缚小企业，使其无法投资创新和创造就业机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "be fettered by｜受到……束缚",
   "fetter creativity｜束缚创造力",
   "break free from fetters｜挣脱束缚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fettered (adj.)",
   "unfettered (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "restrain",
   "restrict"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "free",
   "liberate"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式；名词通常用复数fetters。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fetter"
 },
 {
  "w": "upholster",
  "uk": "/ʌpˈhəʊlstə/",
  "us": "/ʌpˈhoʊlstər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "为家具装软垫及面料",
    "en": "To cover furniture with padding and fabric or leather."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "They upholstered the old chair in soft blue velvet.",
    "zh": "他们给那把旧椅子加了软垫，并包上柔软的蓝色天鹅绒。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning to upholster furniture can help people extend its useful life and reduce household waste.",
    "zh": "学习给家具加装软垫和面料，有助于延长家具的使用寿命并减少家庭垃圾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "upholster a chair｜给椅子装软垫及面料",
   "upholstered in leather｜用皮革包面的",
   "upholstered furniture｜软包家具"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "upholstery (n.)",
   "upholsterer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "专指给家具装软垫、包面料，不泛指装修。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "upholster"
 },
 {
  "w": "halibut",
  "uk": "/ˈhælɪbət/",
  "us": "/ˈhælɪbət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大比目鱼；其鱼肉",
    "en": "A large flat sea fish, also eaten as food"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We ordered grilled halibut with potatoes and fresh lemon.",
    "zh": "我们点了烤大比目鱼，配土豆和鲜柠檬。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strict fishing limits can help protect halibut populations while supporting the long-term livelihoods of coastal communities.",
    "zh": "严格的捕捞限额有助于保护大比目鱼种群，同时保障沿海社区的长远生计。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grilled halibut｜烤大比目鱼",
   "halibut fillet｜大比目鱼鱼片",
   "halibut fishing｜大比目鱼捕捞"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指鱼时复数通常仍为halibut；指鱼肉时不可数。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "halibut"
 },
 {
  "w": "pneumatic",
  "uk": "/njuːˈmætɪk/",
  "us": "/nuːˈmætɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "气动的；充气的",
    "en": "operated by compressed air or filled with air"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Workers used a pneumatic drill to break the pavement.",
    "zh": "工人用风钻凿开路面。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Pneumatic systems are widely used in manufacturing because compressed air can power tools safely and efficiently.",
    "zh": "气动系统广泛用于制造业，因为压缩空气能安全高效地驱动工具。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a pneumatic drill｜风钻",
   "pneumatic tyres｜充气轮胎",
   "a pneumatic system｜气动系统"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pneumatically (adv.)",
   "pneumatics (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "词首p不发音；常指靠压缩空气驱动的设备。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "technology",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pneumatic"
 },
 {
  "w": "delirium",
  "uk": "/dɪˈlɪriəm/",
  "us": "/dɪˈlɪriəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "谵妄；急性精神错乱",
    "en": "A sudden confused mental state, often caused by illness."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "极度兴奋；狂喜",
    "en": "A state of extreme excitement or happiness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "During his fever, he slipped into delirium and spoke incoherently.",
    "zh": "发烧期间，他陷入谵妄状态，说话语无伦次。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hospital staff need appropriate training to recognise delirium promptly, particularly among older patients recovering from surgery.",
    "zh": "医院工作人员需要接受适当培训，以及时识别谵妄，尤其是术后恢复中的老年患者出现的谵妄。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "acute delirium｜急性谵妄",
   "postoperative delirium｜术后谵妄",
   "a state of delirium｜谵妄状态"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "delirious (adj.)",
   "deliriously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "医学义是急性意识混乱，不等于长期痴呆。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "delirium"
 },
 {
  "w": "inveterate",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈvetərət/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈvetərət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "积习难改的；成癖的",
    "en": "Having a long-established habit that is unlikely to change."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My uncle is an inveterate collector of old maps.",
    "zh": "我叔叔收藏旧地图成癖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Inveterate car users may resist public transport initiatives unless services become substantially more convenient and reliable.",
    "zh": "除非服务变得便捷可靠得多，否则长期习惯开车的人可能会抵触推广公共交通的举措。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inveterate liar｜惯于撒谎的人",
   "inveterate gambler｜嗜赌成性的人",
   "inveterate traveller｜常年热衷旅行的人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "habitual",
   "confirmed"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常置于名词前，强调长期习惯难以改变。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inveterate"
 },
 {
  "w": "tenable",
  "uk": "/ˈtenəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈtenəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "站得住脚的；可维持的",
    "en": "Able to be defended or maintained against criticism."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His excuse was no longer tenable after we checked.",
    "zh": "我们核实后，他的借口就再也站不住脚了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The assumption that economic growth always improves public wellbeing is no longer tenable in every context.",
    "zh": "经济增长总能改善公众福祉这一假设，已不能在所有情境下成立。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a tenable position｜站得住脚的立场",
   "a tenable argument｜经得起推敲的论点",
   "no longer tenable｜不再站得住脚"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "untenable (adj.)",
   "tenability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "defensible",
   "sustainable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "untenable",
   "indefensible"
  ],
  "tip": "常形容论点或立场站得住脚，不等于舒适。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tenable"
 },
 {
  "w": "clasp",
  "uk": "/klɑːsp/",
  "us": "/klæsp/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "紧握；抱紧",
    "en": "To hold someone or something firmly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "搭扣；扣环",
    "en": "A small fastening that holds something closed."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "紧握；紧抱",
    "en": "A firm hold with the hands or arms."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She clasped my hand as we crossed the bridge.",
    "zh": "过桥时，她紧紧握住我的手。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Young children may clasp a familiar toy during medical appointments because it provides comfort in unfamiliar surroundings.",
    "zh": "幼儿就诊时可能会紧抱熟悉的玩具，因为它能在陌生环境中带来安慰。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "clasp someone's hand｜紧握某人的手",
   "clasp your hands together｜双手紧握",
   "a necklace clasp｜项链搭扣"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "grip",
   "clutch"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "release"
  ],
  "tip": "clasp作动词强调握紧；作名词也可指首饰搭扣。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "clasp"
 },
 {
  "w": "idyll",
  "uk": "/ˈɪdɪl/",
  "us": "/ˈaɪdəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "田园般的恬静生活",
    "en": "A peaceful, happy experience, especially in the countryside."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "田园诗；田园短篇",
    "en": "A poem or short story describing peaceful country life."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our summer idyll ended when the noisy builders arrived.",
    "zh": "吵闹的建筑工人一来，我们宁静美好的夏日生活便结束了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The rural idyll portrayed in tourism campaigns often overlooks the economic difficulties faced by farming communities.",
    "zh": "旅游宣传中描绘的田园乐境往往忽视了农业社区面临的经济困难。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rural idyll｜田园乐境",
   "summer idyll｜夏日的恬静时光",
   "pastoral idyll｜田园诗般的生活"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "idyllic (adj.)",
   "idyllically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指田园诗，也常指田园般的恬静生活。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "idyll"
 },
 {
  "w": "plaintive",
  "uk": "/ˈpleɪntɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈpleɪntɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "哀怨的；悲伤的",
    "en": "Sounding sad, especially in a gentle or complaining way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "A plaintive cry came from the kitten outside our door.",
    "zh": "门外的小猫发出了一声哀怨的叫声。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The musician uses a plaintive melody to convey the loneliness experienced by people living far from home.",
    "zh": "这位音乐家用哀伤的旋律表达远离家乡的人所感受到的孤独。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plaintive cry｜哀怨的叫声",
   "plaintive voice｜哀伤的嗓音",
   "plaintive melody｜忧伤的旋律"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "plaintively (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mournful",
   "sorrowful"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "cheerful"
  ],
  "tip": "多形容声音、语调或旋律中流露的哀伤。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plaintive"
 },
 {
  "w": "conceptive",
  "uk": "/kənˈseptɪv/",
  "us": "/kənˈseptɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "能构思的；有构想力的",
    "en": "Capable of forming ideas or mental images."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The philosopher described imagination as a conceptive faculty.",
    "zh": "这位哲学家把想象力描述为一种形成心中构想的能力。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In older philosophical writing, the conceptive faculty enables people to form ideas beyond their immediate sensory experience.",
    "zh": "在较早的哲学著作中，构想能力使人能够形成超出当下感官经验的观念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conceptive faculty｜构想能力",
   "conceptive power｜构想力"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "conceive (v.)",
   "conception (n.)",
   "concept (n.)",
   "conceptual (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "罕见词；勿与表示“概念上的”conceptual混用。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conceptive"
 },
 {
  "w": "apprise",
  "uk": "/əˈpraɪz/",
  "us": "/əˈpraɪz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "告知；通知",
    "en": "to formally inform someone about something"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Please apprise me of any changes before Friday.",
    "zh": "如有任何变化，请在周五前告知我。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Schools should apprise parents of significant policy changes before introducing new rules that affect their children.",
    "zh": "学校在推行影响孩子的新规定之前，应告知家长重大的政策变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "apprise someone of something｜将某事告知某人",
   "keep someone apprised｜随时向某人通报"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "inform",
   "notify"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用语；用apprise sb of sth，勿混appraise。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "apprise"
 },
 {
  "w": "eminently",
  "uk": "/ˈemɪnəntli/",
  "us": "/ˈemɪnəntli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "极其；非常",
    "en": "To a very great degree, especially in a positive way."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Your spare room looks eminently suitable for a study.",
    "zh": "你那间空房看起来非常适合用作书房。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improving insulation is an eminently sensible way to reduce household energy consumption and heating costs.",
    "zh": "改善隔热保温是降低家庭能耗和取暖费用的非常明智的方法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "eminently suitable｜非常合适",
   "eminently sensible｜极为明智",
   "eminently reasonable｜十分合理",
   "eminently qualified｜完全胜任"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "eminent (adj.)",
   "eminence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "highly",
   "extremely"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常修饰褒义形容词；勿与imminently（即将）混淆。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "eminently"
 },
 {
  "w": "alchemy",
  "uk": "/ˈælkəmi/",
  "us": "/ˈælkəmi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "炼金术",
    "en": "An ancient practice seeking to turn ordinary metals into gold"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "神奇的转变力量",
    "en": "A mysterious process that transforms ordinary things into something special"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The exhibition explored alchemy through old jars and furnaces.",
    "zh": "展览通过古老的罐子和熔炉来介绍炼金术。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although alchemy lacked a modern scientific framework, its experimental techniques contributed to the development of chemistry.",
    "zh": "虽然炼金术缺乏现代科学框架，但其实验技术推动了化学的发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "medieval alchemy｜中世纪炼金术",
   "practise alchemy｜从事炼金术",
   "the alchemy of creativity｜创造力的神奇转化作用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "alchemist (n.)",
   "alchemical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数；比喻义强调神奇转化，并非泛指魔法。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alchemy"
 },
 {
  "w": "reverence",
  "uk": "/ˈrevərəns/",
  "us": "/ˈrevərəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "崇敬；敬畏",
    "en": "Deep respect and admiration for someone or something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She handled her grandmother's old violin with quiet reverence.",
    "zh": "她怀着深深的敬意，轻轻拿起祖母的旧小提琴。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reverence for traditional craftsmanship can encourage communities to preserve skills that might otherwise disappear.",
    "zh": "对传统工艺的崇敬能促使社区保留那些可能失传的技艺。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reverence for｜对……的崇敬",
   "deep reverence｜深深的敬意",
   "treat with reverence｜恭敬对待"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "revere (v.)",
   "reverent (adj.)",
   "reverently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "respect",
   "veneration"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "disrespect"
  ],
  "tip": "通常不可数；对某人的崇敬用reverence for。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reverence"
 },
 {
  "w": "mumps",
  "uk": "/mʌmps/",
  "us": "/mʌmps/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "流行性腮腺炎",
    "en": "A viral illness causing painful swelling near the jaw"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The doctor checked her swollen cheeks for signs of mumps.",
    "zh": "医生检查了她肿胀的脸颊，判断是否有腮腺炎的迹象。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Routine vaccination helps prevent mumps and reduces the likelihood of outbreaks in schools and other crowded settings.",
    "zh": "常规接种疫苗有助于预防腮腺炎，并降低学校及其他人员密集场所暴发疫情的可能性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "catch mumps｜感染腮腺炎",
   "mumps vaccine｜腮腺炎疫苗",
   "mumps outbreak｜腮腺炎疫情暴发"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "虽以s结尾，但作疾病名称用单数：mumps is。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mumps"
 },
 {
  "w": "urbane",
  "uk": "/ɜːˈbeɪn/",
  "us": "/ɝːˈbeɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "温文尔雅的；善于应酬的",
    "en": "Polite, confident, and comfortable in social situations."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our urbane host welcomed everyone with a warm smile.",
    "zh": "我们温文尔雅的主人面带温暖的微笑欢迎每一位客人。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An urbane manner can help diplomats build trust, although successful negotiations also require substantial expertise.",
    "zh": "温文尔雅的举止能帮助外交官建立信任，不过成功的谈判也需要扎实的专业知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "urbane manner｜温文尔雅的举止",
   "urbane charm｜儒雅的魅力",
   "urbane host｜善于应酬的主人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "urbanely (adv.)",
   "urbanity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "suave",
   "sophisticated",
   "polished"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "uncouth"
  ],
  "tip": "urbane指人文雅善交际；urban指城市的。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "urbane"
 },
 {
  "w": "ostensible",
  "uk": "/ɒˈstensəbl/",
  "us": "/ɑːˈstensəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "表面上的；声称的",
    "en": "Stated or appearing to be true, but possibly not genuine"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His ostensible reason for visiting was to return my umbrella.",
    "zh": "他来访的表面理由是归还我的雨伞。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The ostensible purpose of the policy was environmental protection, although it also benefited domestic manufacturers.",
    "zh": "这项政策声称旨在保护环境，但它也使国内制造商受益。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ostensible reason｜表面上的理由",
   "ostensible purpose｜声称的目的",
   "ostensible aim｜表面上的目标"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ostensibly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "apparent",
   "professed"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "暗示表象可能不是真相，但不等于已证实虚假。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ostensible"
 },
 {
  "w": "quagmire",
  "uk": "/ˈkwɒɡmaɪə/",
  "us": "/ˈkwæɡmaɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "困境；难以摆脱的局面",
    "en": "A complicated, unpleasant situation that is difficult to escape."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "泥沼；泥泞地",
    "en": "An area of soft wet ground that can trap you."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our simple kitchen renovation became a quagmire of unexpected expenses.",
    "zh": "我们原本简单的厨房翻修变成了意外开支不断的困局。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Without clear regulations, major infrastructure projects can become trapped in a quagmire of legal disputes and financial uncertainty.",
    "zh": "缺乏明确法规，大型基础设施项目可能陷入法律纠纷与财务不确定性交织的困境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a legal quagmire｜法律困境",
   "a political quagmire｜政治泥潭",
   "be mired in a quagmire｜深陷泥潭"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "predicament"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常比喻复杂且难脱身的困境，不泛指普通困难。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "quagmire"
 },
 {
  "w": "plenary",
  "uk": "/ˈpliːnəri/",
  "us": "/ˈpliːnəri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "全体出席的",
    "en": "Involving all members of a group or meeting."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "全体会议",
    "en": "A meeting attended by all participants in a larger event."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "完全的；不受限制的",
    "en": "Complete or unrestricted, especially concerning official power."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "All workshop groups joined the plenary session after lunch.",
    "zh": "午饭后，所有研讨小组都参加了全体会议。"
   },
   {
    "en": "During the plenary debate, delegates discussed how international cooperation could improve access to clean drinking water.",
    "zh": "在全体辩论中，代表们讨论了国际合作如何改善清洁饮用水的获取条件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plenary session｜全体会议",
   "plenary debate｜全体辩论",
   "plenary powers｜全权"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "会议语境指全体参加；plenary powers指全权。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "plenary"
 },
 {
  "w": "maim",
  "uk": "/meɪm/",
  "us": "/meɪm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使重伤致残",
    "en": "To injure someone severely, causing lasting damage to their body."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This machine could maim someone without its safety guard.",
    "zh": "这台机器若没有安全防护装置，可能会使人重伤致残。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strict workplace inspections are essential because unguarded machinery can maim workers and leave them with lifelong disabilities.",
    "zh": "严格的工作场所检查至关重要，因为缺乏防护的机器可能使工人重伤，并造成终身残疾。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "maim workers｜使工人重伤致残",
   "maimed in an accident｜在事故中重伤致残"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "maimed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比injure严重，强调造成永久性身体损伤。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "maim"
 },
 {
  "w": "coefficient",
  "uk": "/ˌkəʊɪˈfɪʃənt/",
  "us": "/ˌkoʊɪˈfɪʃənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "系数",
    "en": "A numerical factor multiplying a variable or measuring a property."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher explained how the coefficient changes the curve.",
    "zh": "老师解释了系数如何改变曲线的形状。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A high correlation coefficient indicates a strong statistical relationship, but it does not necessarily establish causation.",
    "zh": "较高的相关系数表明存在较强的统计关联，但不一定能证明因果关系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "correlation coefficient｜相关系数",
   "coefficient of friction｜摩擦系数",
   "thermal expansion coefficient｜热膨胀系数"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "数学中指系数；相关系数高不代表存在因果关系。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coefficient"
 },
 {
  "w": "baroness",
  "uk": "/ˈbærənəs/",
  "us": "/ˈbærənəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "女男爵；男爵夫人",
    "en": "A woman holding a baron's rank, or a baron's wife."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The baroness welcomed visitors into her family's old castle.",
    "zh": "女男爵欢迎游客来到她家族的古堡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The portrait of the baroness illustrates how clothing once communicated social rank and wealth.",
    "zh": "这幅女男爵肖像展示了服饰过去如何传达社会地位和财富。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a life baroness｜终身女男爵",
   "the title of baroness｜女男爵头衔"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "baron (n.)",
   "barony (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "可指本人拥有爵位的女性，也可指男爵之妻。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "baroness"
 },
 {
  "w": "reflexion",
  "uk": "/rɪˈflekʃən/",
  "us": "/rɪˈflekʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "倒影；反射",
    "en": "an image in a shiny surface, or light bouncing back"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "深思；反省",
    "en": "careful thought about an experience or idea"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She caught her reflexion in the still pond.",
    "zh": "她在平静的池塘里看到了自己的倒影。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular reflexion on classroom experiences can help teachers identify more effective ways to support individual learners.",
    "zh": "定期反思课堂经历可以帮助教师找到更有效的方法，为不同学习者提供支持。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "reflexion of light｜光的反射",
   "on reflexion｜仔细考虑后",
   "careful reflexion｜认真思考"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "reflect (v.)",
   "reflective (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reflection"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "reflexion 是少用变体；考试写作宜用 reflection。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "reflexion"
 },
 {
  "w": "poliomyelitis",
  "uk": "/ˌpəʊliəʊˌmaɪəˈlaɪtɪs/",
  "us": "/ˌpoʊlioʊˌmaɪəˈlaɪtɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "脊髓灰质炎；小儿麻痹症",
    "en": "A viral disease that can damage nerves and cause paralysis."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The nurse explained how vaccination protects children against poliomyelitis.",
    "zh": "护士解释了接种疫苗如何保护儿童免患脊髓灰质炎。"
   },
   {
    "en": "International vaccination programmes have greatly reduced poliomyelitis, although continued monitoring remains essential to prevent further outbreaks.",
    "zh": "国际疫苗接种计划大幅减少了脊髓灰质炎病例，但持续监测对于防止再次暴发仍至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vaccination against poliomyelitis｜预防脊髓灰质炎的疫苗接种",
   "eradicate poliomyelitis｜根除脊髓灰质炎",
   "poliomyelitis outbreak｜脊髓灰质炎暴发"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "polio"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "日常多用polio；虽俗称小儿麻痹症，成人也可感染。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "poliomyelitis"
 },
 {
  "w": "venerate",
  "uk": "/ˈvenəreɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈvenəreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "崇敬；敬仰",
    "en": "To regard someone or something with deep respect."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "People here venerate the elder who founded this school.",
    "zh": "这里的人们十分敬仰创办这所学校的长者。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many societies venerate historic buildings because they represent shared cultural achievements and a connection with the past.",
    "zh": "许多社会十分尊崇历史建筑，因为它们代表着共同的文化成就以及与过去的联系。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "venerate ancestors｜敬奉祖先",
   "venerate as a hero｜尊为英雄",
   "widely venerated｜广受崇敬的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "veneration (n.)",
   "venerable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "revere",
   "honour"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "despise"
  ],
  "tip": "正式用词，比respect语气强；后面直接接宾语。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "venerate"
 },
 {
  "w": "herculean",
  "uk": "/ˌhɜːkjəˈliːən/",
  "us": "/ˌhɝːkjəˈliːən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "需极大力量或努力的",
    "en": "Requiring an exceptionally large amount of strength or effort."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Moving that enormous sofa upstairs was a herculean task.",
    "zh": "把那张巨大的沙发搬上楼真是一项艰巨的任务。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Restoring transport networks after widespread flooding requires a herculean effort from engineers, local authorities and volunteers.",
    "zh": "大范围洪灾后恢复交通网络，需要工程师、地方政府和志愿者付出极大的努力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a herculean task｜艰巨的任务",
   "a herculean effort｜巨大的努力"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "arduous",
   "formidable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "effortless"
  ],
  "tip": "源于大力神Hercules；也常写作Herculean。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "herculean"
 },
 {
  "w": "oscillation",
  "uk": "/ˌɒsɪˈleɪʃən/",
  "us": "/ˌɑːsɪˈleɪʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "摆动；振荡",
    "en": "Repeated movement backwards and forwards around a central position."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "波动；摇摆",
    "en": "Repeated change between different values, states, or opinions."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the slow oscillation of the clock's pendulum.",
    "zh": "我们看着钟摆缓缓地来回摆动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Regular oscillations in ocean temperatures can influence rainfall patterns and agricultural productivity across large regions.",
    "zh": "海洋温度的周期性波动会影响广大地区的降雨规律和农业生产力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pendulum oscillation｜钟摆摆动",
   "frequency of oscillation｜振荡频率",
   "temperature oscillations｜温度波动"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "oscillate (v.)",
   "oscillator (n.)",
   "oscillatory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既指物体往复运动，也指数值或观点的反复变化。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "oscillation"
 },
 {
  "w": "countenance",
  "uk": "/ˈkaʊntənəns/",
  "us": "/ˈkaʊntənəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "面容；神情",
    "en": "A person's face or facial expression."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "赞同；容许",
    "en": "To accept or approve of something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her calm countenance reassured the children during the storm.",
    "zh": "暴风雨期间，她镇定的神情让孩子们安心。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should not countenance discriminatory practices that prevent qualified candidates from accessing employment opportunities.",
    "zh": "政府不应容许妨碍合格求职者获得就业机会的歧视性做法。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a calm countenance｜镇定的神情",
   "a stern countenance｜严肃的面容",
   "refuse to countenance｜拒绝接受"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "名词较文学化；动词常用于否定句，意为容许。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "countenance"
 },
 {
  "w": "prerogative",
  "uk": "/prɪˈrɒɡətɪv/",
  "us": "/prɪˈrɑːɡətɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "专有权利；特权",
    "en": "a special right belonging to a particular person or group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Choosing the final design is the team leader's prerogative.",
    "zh": "选定最终设计方案是组长的专有权利。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Decisions about public spending should not be the exclusive prerogative of a small group of officials.",
    "zh": "公共支出的决策不应成为少数官员独享的特权。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "royal prerogative｜王室特权",
   "exclusive prerogative｜专有特权",
   "exercise a prerogative｜行使特权"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "privilege",
   "entitlement"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指特定身份享有的权利，不是人人都有的普通权利。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "prerogative"
 },
 {
  "w": "slag",
  "uk": "/slæɡ/",
  "us": "/slæɡ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "炉渣；矿渣",
    "en": "Waste material separated from metal during smelting"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Dark heaps of slag stood beside the old factory.",
    "zh": "旧工厂旁堆着一堆堆黑色的炉渣。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Reusing slag in road construction can reduce industrial waste and demand for newly quarried materials.",
    "zh": "在道路建设中重新利用矿渣，可以减少工业废料及对新开采材料的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "blast furnace slag｜高炉矿渣",
   "slag heap｜矿渣堆",
   "steel slag｜钢渣"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "工业义通常不可数；另有侮辱女性的英式俚语义，勿用。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "另有侮辱女性的英式俚语义；此处仅收工业义。",
  "id": "slag"
 },
 {
  "w": "sluice",
  "uk": "/sluːs/",
  "us": "/sluːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "水闸；闸控水道",
    "en": "A water channel with a gate that controls flow."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用水冲洗",
    "en": "To wash something with a strong flow of water."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "奔流；涌出",
    "en": "To flow quickly and in large amounts."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We sluiced the mud off our boots outside.",
    "zh": "我们在外面用水冲掉了靴子上的泥。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers opened the sluice to release excess water and reduce pressure on the reservoir walls.",
    "zh": "工程师打开水闸排出多余的水，以减轻水库坝壁承受的压力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sluice gate｜水闸闸门",
   "open the sluice｜打开水闸",
   "sluice down the floor｜用水冲洗地面"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作动词可指冲洗；sluice gate指控制水流的闸门。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sluice"
 },
 {
  "w": "neurosis",
  "uk": "/njʊəˈrəʊsɪs/",
  "us": "/nʊˈroʊsɪs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "神经症",
    "en": "An older term for psychological difficulties involving anxiety or distress."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The old psychology book devoted a chapter to neurosis.",
    "zh": "那本旧心理学书用一章的篇幅介绍神经症。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although neurosis appears frequently in older research, modern clinicians generally use more specific diagnostic terms.",
    "zh": "尽管神经症一词常见于早期研究，现代临床医生通常采用更具体的诊断术语。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "anxiety neurosis｜焦虑性神经症",
   "obsessional neurosis｜强迫性神经症"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "neurotic (adj.)",
   "neurotically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "旧心理学术语，不等于神经衰弱；复数为neuroses。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "neurosis"
 },
 {
  "w": "hairdress",
  "uk": "/ˈheədres/",
  "us": "/ˈherdres/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "梳理头发；做发型",
    "en": "Arrange or style hair."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She learned to hairdress by practising on a mannequin.",
    "zh": "她通过在人头模型上练习学会了做发型。"
   },
   {
    "en": "People who learn to hairdress professionally may develop practical skills that support employment in local service industries.",
    "zh": "学习专业美发的人可以培养实用技能，从而在当地服务行业就业。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hairdress professionally｜专业从事美发",
   "learn to hairdress｜学习美发"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "hairdresser (n.)",
   "hairdressing (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "日常说做发型用 style hair；美发行业用 hairdressing。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "罕见动词，不宜作常用名词；“美发”通常用 hairdressing。",
  "id": "hairdress"
 },
 {
  "w": "inalienable",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈeɪliənəbl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈeɪliənəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不可剥夺或转让的",
    "en": "impossible to take away or transfer to someone else"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher explained why everyone has certain inalienable rights.",
    "zh": "老师解释了为什么每个人都享有某些不可剥夺的权利。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Access to basic education should be recognised as an inalienable right, regardless of a child's background.",
    "zh": "无论儿童的背景如何，接受基础教育都应被承认为不可剥夺的权利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inalienable rights｜不可剥夺的权利",
   "an inalienable right to freedom｜不可剥夺的自由权"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inalienably (adv.)",
   "alienable (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "alienable"
  ],
  "tip": "正式用语，主要修饰rights，强调不能剥夺或转让。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inalienable"
 },
 {
  "w": "tare",
  "uk": "/teə/",
  "us": "/ter/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "皮重；容器自重",
    "en": "the weight of packaging or a container without its contents"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "去皮称量；将秤归零",
    "en": "adjust a scale to exclude the weight of a container"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Tare the scale before adding flour to the bowl.",
    "zh": "往碗里加面粉前，先把秤去皮归零。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Accurate tare measurements allow food producers to calculate product weight without including the packaging.",
    "zh": "准确测量皮重，能让食品生产商计算不含包装的产品重量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "tare weight｜皮重",
   "tare the scale｜将秤去皮归零",
   "deduct the tare｜扣除皮重"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "皮重是容器重量；净重等于毛重减去皮重。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "tare"
 },
 {
  "w": "ingot",
  "uk": "/ˈɪŋɡət/",
  "us": "/ˈɪŋɡət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "金属锭",
    "en": "A solid block of metal cast for storage or processing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The worker lifted a shiny ingot with heavy tongs.",
    "zh": "工人用沉重的钳子夹起了一块闪亮的金属锭。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Recycled aluminium can be cast into ingots before being processed into components for vehicles and buildings.",
    "zh": "回收铝可以先铸成锭，再加工成车辆和建筑所需的部件。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a gold ingot｜金锭",
   "an aluminium ingot｜铝锭",
   "cast into ingots｜铸成金属锭"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指铸成块的金属，不专指铁或纯铁。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ingot"
 },
 {
  "w": "promissory",
  "uk": "/ˈprɒmɪsəri/",
  "us": "/ˈprɑːmɪsɔːri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "承诺的；约定支付的",
    "en": "containing a promise, especially a written promise to pay"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She signed a promissory note before borrowing the money.",
    "zh": "她借钱前签署了一张本票。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A promissory note provides written evidence of debt, helping lenders establish their legal right to repayment.",
    "zh": "本票提供书面的债务凭证，帮助出借人确立依法获得偿还的权利。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "promissory note｜本票；期票",
   "promissory obligation｜承诺义务"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "promise (n.)",
   "promise (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要用于法律金融语境，常见搭配为promissory note。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "promissory"
 },
 {
  "w": "mercenary",
  "uk": "/ˈmɜːsənəri/",
  "us": "/ˈmɝːsəneri/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "唯利是图的",
    "en": "Caring mainly about money rather than other considerations"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "雇佣兵",
    "en": "A soldier paid to fight for a foreign army or group"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His mercenary attitude spoiled our plans for the charity.",
    "zh": "他唯利是图的态度破坏了我们的慈善计划。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A purely mercenary approach to healthcare risks placing financial returns above the needs of patients.",
    "zh": "对医疗服务采取纯粹逐利的做法，可能会使经济回报凌驾于患者需求之上。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "mercenary motives｜唯利是图的动机",
   "mercenary attitude｜唯利是图的态度",
   "mercenary soldiers｜雇佣兵"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "money-minded"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "altruistic"
  ],
  "tip": "形容词带贬义，强调只看重金钱；作名词指雇佣兵。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mercenary"
 },
 {
  "w": "haughty",
  "uk": "/ˈhɔːti/",
  "us": "/ˈhɔːti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "傲慢的；目中无人的",
    "en": "Acting as though you are better than other people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The customer gave the waiter a haughty look.",
    "zh": "那位顾客傲慢地看了服务员一眼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A haughty attitude among senior managers can discourage employees from sharing ideas and reporting problems openly.",
    "zh": "高层管理者的傲慢态度会使员工不愿分享想法或公开反映问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "haughty expression｜傲慢的神情",
   "haughty attitude｜傲慢的态度",
   "haughty tone｜傲慢的语气"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "haughtily (adv.)",
   "haughtiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "arrogant",
   "disdainful",
   "supercilious"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "humble",
   "modest"
  ],
  "tip": "含贬义，强调自视高人一等，不等于自信。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "haughty"
 },
 {
  "w": "loll",
  "uk": "/lɒl/",
  "us": "/lɑːl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "懒洋洋地躺或倚靠",
    "en": "To sit or lie in a relaxed, lazy way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "无力地下垂；耷拉",
    "en": "To hang loosely, especially the head or tongue."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We lolled on the sofa after our long walk.",
    "zh": "长途散步后，我们懒洋洋地躺在沙发上。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Comfortable public seating encourages visitors to loll in the shade rather than leave parks during hot weather.",
    "zh": "舒适的公共座椅让游客在炎热天气里愿意懒散地靠坐在树荫下，而不是离开公园。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "loll about｜懒散地闲躺着",
   "loll on the sofa｜懒洋洋地躺在沙发上",
   "tongue lolling out｜舌头耷拉在外"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "lounge",
   "sprawl"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常接about或around，强调姿势松散、懒洋洋。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "loll"
 },
 {
  "w": "diction",
  "uk": "/ˈdɪkʃən/",
  "us": "/ˈdɪkʃən/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "措辞；用词风格",
    "en": "The choice and style of words in speech or writing."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "吐字；发音方式",
    "en": "The way someone pronounces words, especially how clearly."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her formal diction sounded strange at our relaxed picnic.",
    "zh": "在我们轻松的野餐聚会上，她正式的措辞听起来很不协调。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Writers often adapt their diction to make complex scientific ideas accessible to a wider audience.",
    "zh": "作者常会调整措辞，让更广泛的读者能够理解复杂的科学概念。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "formal diction｜正式措辞",
   "poetic diction｜诗歌用语",
   "clear diction｜清晰的吐字"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既可指用词风格，也可指吐字是否清晰。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "diction"
 },
 {
  "w": "rapture",
  "uk": "/ˈræptʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈræptʃɚ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "狂喜；欣喜若狂",
    "en": "An extremely strong feeling of joy and delight."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children watched the dancing dolphins in rapture.",
    "zh": "孩子们欣喜万分地看着海豚跃动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The rapture experienced during live performances helps explain why audiences continue to value shared cultural events.",
    "zh": "现场演出带来的强烈喜悦，有助于解释观众为何依然珍视共同参与的文化活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in rapture｜欣喜若狂地",
   "go into raptures over｜对……欣喜若狂",
   "sheer rapture｜无比的喜悦"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rapturous (adj.)",
   "rapturously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "ecstasy",
   "elation",
   "delight"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "despair"
  ],
  "tip": "语气强于happiness，常带文学色彩。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rapture"
 },
 {
  "w": "delusive",
  "uk": "/dɪˈluːsɪv/",
  "us": "/dɪˈluːsɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "使人产生错觉的",
    "en": "Making something false seem true or something unreal seem real."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The mirror created a delusive impression of extra space.",
    "zh": "这面镜子造成了空间更大的错觉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Early economic gains may create a delusive sense of security if governments ignore underlying weaknesses in public finances.",
    "zh": "如果政府忽视公共财政的潜在弱点，早期经济收益可能造成虚假的安全感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "delusive hopes｜虚妄的希望",
   "delusive appearance｜迷惑人的表象",
   "delusive sense of security｜虚假的安全感"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "delude (v.)",
   "delusion (n.)",
   "delusory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "misleading",
   "deceptive",
   "illusory"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较正式且少见；日常多用misleading或deceptive。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "delusive"
 },
 {
  "w": "flabby",
  "uk": "/ˈflæbi/",
  "us": "/ˈflæbi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "肌肉松弛的",
    "en": "having soft, loose flesh rather than firm muscles"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "软弱无力的；松散的",
    "en": "lacking strength, effectiveness, or clear structure"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He felt his muscles had grown flabby during recovery.",
    "zh": "他觉得自己的肌肉在康复期间变得松弛了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An essay with flabby arguments may fail to persuade readers, even when its topic is important.",
    "zh": "即使主题重要，论证松散无力的文章也可能无法说服读者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "flabby muscles｜松弛的肌肉",
   "flabby arms｜肌肉松弛的手臂",
   "flabby prose｜松散拖沓的文字"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "flab (n.)",
   "flabbiness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "firm",
   "toned"
  ],
  "tip": "多指肌肉松弛；形容文章时指松散无力，语气贬义。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flabby"
 },
 {
  "w": "odometer",
  "uk": "/əʊˈdɒmɪtə/",
  "us": "/oʊˈdɑːmɪtər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "车辆里程表",
    "en": "a device measuring the total distance a vehicle has travelled"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The odometer showed how far we had driven.",
    "zh": "里程表显示了我们已经行驶的距离。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When purchasing a used vehicle, consumers should check its odometer reading alongside its maintenance records.",
    "zh": "购买二手车时，消费者应将里程表读数与保养记录一并核查。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "odometer reading｜里程表读数",
   "check the odometer｜查看里程表"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "mileometer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "记录累计里程；speedometer显示即时车速。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "odometer"
 },
 {
  "w": "exhort",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzɔːt/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzɔːrt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "力劝；敦促",
    "en": "To strongly urge someone to do something."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our coach exhorted us to keep trying until the end.",
    "zh": "教练力劝我们坚持努力到最后。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public health campaigns exhort citizens to exercise regularly, but affordable facilities are also needed to support lasting change.",
    "zh": "公共卫生宣传敦促市民经常锻炼，但要支持持久的改变，也需要价格亲民的设施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exhort someone to act｜敦促某人行动",
   "exhort citizens to vote｜敦促公民投票"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exhortation (n.)",
   "exhortative (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "urge",
   "encourage"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "discourage",
   "dissuade"
  ],
  "tip": "正式用词：exhort sb to do，不只是提出忠告。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exhort"
 },
 {
  "w": "lexicography",
  "uk": "/ˌleksɪˈkɒɡrəfi/",
  "us": "/ˌleksɪˈkɑːɡrəfi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "词典编纂；词典学",
    "en": "The practice or study of writing and editing dictionaries."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My aunt works in lexicography and loves discussing words.",
    "zh": "我姑姑从事词典编纂工作，很喜欢讨论词语。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Digital lexicography allows dictionary editors to track changes in language through large collections of authentic examples.",
    "zh": "数字词典编纂使编辑能够通过大量真实用例追踪语言变化。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "digital lexicography｜数字词典编纂",
   "practical lexicography｜词典编纂实践",
   "a career in lexicography｜词典编纂职业"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "lexicographer (n.)",
   "lexicographic (adj.)",
   "lexicographical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指词典编纂或其研究，通常作不可数名词。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lexicography"
 },
 {
  "w": "illusive",
  "uk": "/ɪˈluːsɪv/",
  "us": "/ɪˈluːsɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "虚幻的；迷惑人的",
    "en": "appearing real but based on illusion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The desert shimmered with illusive pools of water.",
    "zh": "沙漠中闪现着虚幻的水洼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advertising may create an illusive sense of happiness by linking personal fulfilment exclusively to material possessions.",
    "zh": "广告可能将个人满足感完全与物质财富挂钩，从而营造出虚幻的幸福感。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "illusive appearance｜虚幻的外表",
   "illusive happiness｜虚幻的幸福"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "illusion (n.)",
   "illusory (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "illusory",
   "deceptive"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "real"
  ],
  "tip": "较少用，常用illusory；elusive意为难以捉摸的。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "illusive"
 },
 {
  "w": "subsequence",
  "uk": "/ˈsʌbsɪkwəns/",
  "us": "/ˈsʌbsɪkwəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "子序列",
    "en": "A sequence formed by selecting elements without changing their original order."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We selected alternate beads to create a subsequence.",
    "zh": "我们隔一颗选一颗珠子，组成了一个子序列。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers can analyse a subsequence of genetic data to identify patterns associated with inherited diseases.",
    "zh": "研究人员可以分析遗传数据的子序列，以识别与遗传病有关的模式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "common subsequence｜公共子序列",
   "convergent subsequence｜收敛子序列",
   "increasing subsequence｜递增子序列"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sequence (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要是数学、计算机术语；“后果”用consequence。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "subsequence"
 },
 {
  "w": "toddle",
  "uk": "/ˈtɒdəl/",
  "us": "/ˈtɑːdəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "幼儿蹒跚学步",
    "en": "To walk with short, unsteady steps, especially as a young child."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "悠闲地走",
    "en": "To walk somewhere casually and without hurrying."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The baby toddled across the rug towards her father.",
    "zh": "宝宝摇摇晃晃地走过地毯，朝爸爸走去。"
   },
   {
    "en": "As children begin to toddle, safe spaces allow them to develop balance and explore their surroundings independently.",
    "zh": "孩子开始蹒跚学步时，安全的空间能让他们练习平衡，并独立探索周围环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "toddle across the room｜蹒跚着穿过房间",
   "toddle towards someone｜蹒跚走向某人",
   "toddle off｜慢悠悠地离开"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "toddler (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "主要作不及物动词；学步幼儿叫toddler。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "toddle"
 },
 {
  "w": "repent",
  "uk": "/rɪˈpent/",
  "us": "/rɪˈpent/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "悔过；忏悔",
    "en": "To regret wrongdoing deeply and intend to behave better."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He came to repent of lying to his closest friend.",
    "zh": "他后来为向自己最亲密的朋友撒谎而深感懊悔。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some argue that justice should allow offenders to repent and rebuild their lives through education and community service.",
    "zh": "有人认为，司法应让违法者有机会悔过，并通过教育和社区服务重建生活。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "repent of wrongdoing｜为过错忏悔",
   "sincerely repent｜真诚悔过"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "repentance (n.)",
   "repentant (adj.)",
   "unrepentant (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "feel remorse"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用repent of sth；比regret更强调悔过。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "repent"
 },
 {
  "w": "glycerin",
  "uk": "/ˈɡlɪsərɪn/",
  "us": "/ˈɡlɪsərɪn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "甘油；丙三醇",
    "en": "a thick clear liquid used in medicines, foods, and skincare products"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "This hand cream contains glycerin to keep skin soft.",
    "zh": "这款护手霜含有甘油，能让皮肤保持柔软。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Manufacturers often add glycerin to skincare products because it helps retain moisture and prevent dryness.",
    "zh": "制造商常在护肤品中加入甘油，因为它有助于保持水分并防止干燥。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vegetable glycerin｜植物甘油",
   "pure glycerin｜纯甘油",
   "glycerin soap｜甘油皂"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "glycerol",
   "glycerine"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；也拼作glycerine，化学名为glycerol。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "glycerin"
 },
 {
  "w": "drowse",
  "uk": "/draʊz/",
  "us": "/draʊz/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "打瞌睡；半睡半醒",
    "en": "To sleep lightly or be almost asleep."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "瞌睡；半睡状态",
    "en": "A state of being partly asleep."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Grandfather drowsed in his chair beside the sunny window.",
    "zh": "爷爷坐在阳光照进的窗边，在椅子上打瞌睡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Passengers may drowse during long journeys, making comfortable seating an important consideration for transport providers.",
    "zh": "乘客在长途旅行中可能会打瞌睡，因此舒适的座椅是交通服务商的重要考量。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "drowse in a chair｜坐在椅子上打瞌睡",
   "drowse off｜迷迷糊糊睡着",
   "in a drowse｜处于半睡状态"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "drowsy (adj.)",
   "drowsiness (n.)",
   "drowsily (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "doze"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较书面；日常说打瞌睡更常用doze。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "drowse"
 },
 {
  "w": "lest",
  "uk": "/lest/",
  "us": "/lest/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "conj.",
    "zh": "以免；唯恐",
    "en": "To prevent something unwanted, or because of fearing it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She whispered lest she wake the sleeping baby.",
    "zh": "她轻声说话，以免吵醒熟睡的婴儿。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Policymakers should assess new technologies carefully lest short-term economic gains create lasting environmental problems.",
    "zh": "政策制定者应仔细评估新技术，以免短期经济收益造成长期环境问题。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "lest we forget｜以免我们忘记",
   "lest someone should｜唯恐某人会"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较正式；从句常用动词原形或should加原形。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "lest"
 },
 {
  "w": "wring",
  "uk": "/rɪŋ/",
  "us": "/rɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "拧；绞；榨出",
    "en": "To twist and squeeze something, especially to remove liquid."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Wring out the wet towel before hanging it up.",
    "zh": "把湿毛巾拧干后再挂起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Where washing machines are unavailable, residents must wring out heavy clothes by hand after washing.",
    "zh": "在没有洗衣机的地方，居民洗完厚重衣物后必须用手拧干。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "wring out a towel｜拧干毛巾",
   "wring your hands｜焦虑地绞着双手",
   "wring water from clothes｜拧出衣服里的水"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "twist",
   "squeeze"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "过去式和过去分词均为wrung；拧干常用wring out。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "wring"
 },
 {
  "w": "misappropriate",
  "uk": "/ˌmɪsəˈprəʊprieɪt/",
  "us": "/ˌmɪsəˈproʊprieɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "挪用；侵吞",
    "en": "To dishonestly take entrusted money or property for your own use."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The treasurer misappropriated club funds to pay personal bills.",
    "zh": "财务主管挪用了俱乐部的资金来支付个人账单。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Independent audits help prevent officials from misappropriating public funds intended for essential services such as healthcare and education.",
    "zh": "独立审计有助于防止官员挪用本应用于医疗、教育等基本服务的公共资金。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "misappropriate funds｜挪用资金",
   "misappropriate public money｜挪用公款",
   "misappropriate assets｜侵吞资产"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "misappropriation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "embezzle"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用语，常搭配funds，强调擅自挪作私用。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "misappropriate"
 },
 {
  "w": "ungainly",
  "uk": "/ʌnˈɡeɪnli/",
  "us": "/ʌnˈɡeɪnli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "笨拙的；姿态不雅的",
    "en": "Awkward in movement, shape or appearance."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The young camel rose slowly on its ungainly legs.",
    "zh": "小骆驼用它那笨拙的长腿慢慢站了起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although early electric vehicles appeared ungainly, improvements in design have made them more attractive to consumers.",
    "zh": "虽然早期电动汽车外形笨拙，但设计上的改进使它们更能吸引消费者。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an ungainly movement｜笨拙的动作",
   "an ungainly figure｜笨拙的身形",
   "an ungainly shape｜不协调的外形"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ungainliness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "awkward",
   "clumsy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "graceful"
  ],
  "tip": "虽以-ly结尾，现代常用词性是形容词。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ungainly"
 },
 {
  "w": "metallurgy",
  "uk": "/məˈtælədʒi/",
  "us": "/ˈmetəlɜːrdʒi/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "冶金学；冶金技术",
    "en": "The science of extracting metals and studying their properties."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousin studies metallurgy and tests metals in a laboratory.",
    "zh": "我的表姐学习冶金学，在实验室检测金属。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Advances in metallurgy have enabled manufacturers to develop lighter materials for more fuel-efficient vehicles.",
    "zh": "冶金技术的进步使制造商能够开发更轻的材料，用于制造更节能的车辆。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "physical metallurgy｜物理冶金学",
   "powder metallurgy｜粉末冶金",
   "advances in metallurgy｜冶金技术的进步"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "metallurgical (adj.)",
   "metallurgist (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词；从业专家称metallurgist。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "metallurgy"
 },
 {
  "w": "obliterate",
  "uk": "/əˈblɪtəreɪt/",
  "us": "/əˈblɪtəreɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "彻底毁灭；抹去",
    "en": "Destroy or remove something completely, leaving little or no trace."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Heavy snowfall had obliterated every footprint on the garden path.",
    "zh": "大雪已将花园小路上的所有脚印彻底覆盖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Rapid urban development can obliterate historic neighbourhoods unless effective conservation measures are introduced early in the planning process.",
    "zh": "快速的城市开发可能彻底毁掉历史街区，除非在规划初期就引入有效的保护措施。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "obliterate all traces｜抹去所有痕迹",
   "completely obliterate｜彻底摧毁",
   "obliterate evidence｜销毁证据"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "obliteration (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "eradicate",
   "erase",
   "destroy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "preserve"
  ],
  "tip": "是动词，强调彻底消除，比普通 remove 语气更强。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "environment",
  "note": "",
  "id": "obliterate"
 },
 {
  "w": "vindicate",
  "uk": "/ˈvɪndɪkeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈvɪndɪkeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "证明无辜；证明正确",
    "en": "To prove someone innocent or show that something was justified."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The security footage vindicated the cleaner accused of stealing.",
    "zh": "监控录像证明了那位被指控偷窃的清洁工是无辜的。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The significant decline in road accidents appears to vindicate the council's decision to introduce lower speed limits.",
    "zh": "交通事故显著减少，似乎证明市政委员会降低限速的决定是正确的。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "vindicate a decision｜证明决定正确",
   "vindicate an approach｜证明方法正确",
   "feel vindicated｜感到自己得到证明"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "vindication (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "justify",
   "exonerate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "强调证据或结果证明正确，不只是口头辩护。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "vindicate"
 },
 {
  "w": "benzene",
  "uk": "/ˈbenziːn/",
  "us": "/ˈbenziːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "苯",
    "en": "A toxic, flammable liquid hydrocarbon used in chemical manufacturing."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The technician tested the water for traces of benzene.",
    "zh": "技术人员检测了水中是否有微量苯。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Strict controls on industrial emissions can reduce workers' exposure to benzene and other harmful chemicals.",
    "zh": "严格控制工业排放可以减少工人接触苯及其他有害化学物质的机会。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "benzene exposure｜苯暴露",
   "benzene emissions｜苯排放",
   "benzene ring｜苯环"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "苯是有毒化合物；勿与汽油的英式说法petrol混淆。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "benzene"
 },
 {
  "w": "exalt",
  "uk": "/ɪɡˈzɔːlt/",
  "us": "/ɪɡˈzɔːlt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "高度赞扬；颂扬",
    "en": "To praise someone or something very highly."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "提升地位",
    "en": "To raise someone to a higher rank or position."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her songs exalt the beauty of ordinary life.",
    "zh": "她的歌曲颂扬平凡生活中的美。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Public monuments often exalt national heroes while overlooking the contributions of ordinary citizens.",
    "zh": "公共纪念碑往往颂扬民族英雄，却忽视普通公民的贡献。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "exalt the virtues of｜盛赞……的美德",
   "exalt someone to a position｜将某人提升至某职位"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "exalted (adj.)",
   "exaltation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "glorify",
   "extol"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "debase"
  ],
  "tip": "正式用词；指高度颂扬，不是普通的表扬。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "exalt"
 },
 {
  "w": "bosom",
  "uk": "/ˈbʊzəm/",
  "us": "/ˈbʊzəm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "胸部；怀抱",
    "en": "The chest, especially a woman's, or the embrace it provides."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "亲密的；知心的",
    "en": "Very close and trusted, used mainly before friend."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The grandmother held the sleepy child to her bosom.",
    "zh": "祖母把困倦的孩子搂在怀里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Traditional paintings often depict a parent holding a child to their bosom, symbolising protection and affection.",
    "zh": "传统绘画常描绘父母将孩子搂在怀中的情景，象征着保护与关爱。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hold someone to one's bosom｜将某人搂在怀里",
   "bosom friend｜知心朋友",
   "in the bosom of the family｜在家庭的温暖怀抱中"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "chest"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较文学化或旧式；bosom friend指知心朋友。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "bosom"
 },
 {
  "w": "gaily",
  "uk": "/ˈɡeɪli/",
  "us": "/ˈɡeɪli/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "欢快地",
    "en": "In a cheerful and lively way."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "色彩鲜艳地",
    "en": "With bright, cheerful colours."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The children laughed gaily as they chased bubbles outside.",
    "zh": "孩子们在外面追逐泡泡，欢快地笑着。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Gaily decorated streets can attract visitors during local festivals and encourage spending in nearby shops.",
    "zh": "当地节庆期间，装饰鲜艳的街道能够吸引游客，促进周边商店的消费。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "laugh gaily｜欢快地笑",
   "gaily decorated｜装饰鲜艳的",
   "gaily coloured｜色彩鲜艳的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "gaiety (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "cheerfully",
   "merrily"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sadly"
  ],
  "tip": "略带文学色彩；也可形容装饰色彩鲜艳。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "gaily"
 },
 {
  "w": "turbot",
  "uk": "/ˈtɜːbət/",
  "us": "/ˈtɝːbət/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "大菱鲆；大菱鲆鱼肉",
    "en": "a broad, flat sea fish, or its edible flesh"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We shared grilled turbot with potatoes by the harbour.",
    "zh": "我们在港口边一起吃了烤大菱鲆配土豆。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farming turbot can supply seafood markets, but producers must carefully manage water quality and waste.",
    "zh": "养殖大菱鲆能为海鲜市场提供货源，但生产者必须谨慎管理水质和废弃物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "grilled turbot｜烤大菱鲆",
   "farmed turbot｜养殖大菱鲆",
   "turbot fillets｜大菱鲆鱼柳"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指鱼肉时不可数；指鱼时复数通常仍为turbot。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "turbot"
 },
 {
  "w": "learned",
  "uk": "/ˈlɜːnɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈlɝːnɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "博学的；学术性的",
    "en": "having or showing knowledge gained through extensive study"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our learned neighbour can explain almost any historical mystery.",
    "zh": "我们那位博学的邻居几乎能解释任何历史谜团。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learned societies play an important role in sharing research findings and encouraging debate across academic disciplines.",
    "zh": "学术团体在分享研究成果、促进跨学科学术讨论方面发挥着重要作用。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a learned scholar｜博学的学者",
   "a learned society｜学术团体",
   "a learned journal｜学术期刊"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "learn (v.)",
   "learner (n.)",
   "learning (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "scholarly",
   "erudite"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "意为“博学的”读两音节；作 learn 过去式读一音节。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "learned"
 },
 {
  "w": "annuity",
  "uk": "/əˈnjuːəti/",
  "us": "/əˈnuːəti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "年金；年金保险",
    "en": "An investment providing regular payments, often throughout retirement."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My grandfather receives an annuity to cover his living costs.",
    "zh": "我祖父领取年金来支付生活开销。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An annuity can provide retirees with a predictable income, although inflation may reduce its purchasing power.",
    "zh": "年金可以为退休者提供可预期的收入，但通货膨胀可能降低其购买力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "buy an annuity｜购买年金保险",
   "annuity payments｜年金给付",
   "a lifetime annuity｜终身年金"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "年金可按月等定期支付，并非只能一年领一次。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "annuity"
 },
 {
  "w": "conveyance",
  "uk": "/kənˈveɪəns/",
  "us": "/kənˈveɪəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运送；运输",
    "en": "the act of transporting people or goods"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "运输工具",
    "en": "a vehicle used for carrying people or goods"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "产权转让",
    "en": "the legal transfer of property from one owner to another"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hotel arranged conveyance of our luggage by boat.",
    "zh": "酒店安排用船运送我们的行李。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Efficient conveyance of agricultural goods depends on reliable roads, suitable vehicles, and accessible regional markets.",
    "zh": "农产品的高效运输依赖可靠的道路、合适的车辆以及便利的区域市场。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "conveyance of goods｜货物运输",
   "means of conveyance｜交通工具",
   "conveyance of property｜产权转让"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "convey (v.)",
   "conveyancing (n.)",
   "conveyancer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "transport",
   "transportation"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用词；日常运输多用transport，法律中可指产权转让。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "conveyance"
 },
 {
  "w": "woodside",
  "uk": "/ˈwʊdsaɪd/",
  "us": "/ˈwʊdsaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "林边；树林边缘",
    "en": "The edge of a wood or the land beside it."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We rested at the woodside, just beyond the meadow.",
    "zh": "我们穿过草地后，在林边休息。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Preserving vegetation along the woodside can provide shelter for wildlife moving between forests and open farmland.",
    "zh": "保留林边植被可以为在森林与开阔农田之间活动的野生动物提供庇护。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "at the woodside｜在林边",
   "along the woodside｜沿着树林边缘"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "woodland edge"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "罕见词；日常更常说the edge of the woods。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "woodside"
 },
 {
  "w": "mildew",
  "uk": "/ˈmɪldjuː/",
  "us": "/ˈmɪlduː/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "霉；霉菌；霉病",
    "en": "A thin fungal growth on damp surfaces or plants."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "发霉；使发霉",
    "en": "Develop mildew, or cause something to develop mildew."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found mildew on the bathroom ceiling after our holiday.",
    "zh": "度假回来后，我们发现浴室天花板发霉了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved ventilation in poorly maintained housing can limit mildew growth and create healthier living conditions for residents.",
    "zh": "改善维护不善的住房中的通风状况，可以抑制霉菌生长，为居民创造更健康的居住环境。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "powdery mildew｜白粉病",
   "mildew growth｜霉菌生长",
   "prevent mildew｜防霉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "mildewed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "作名词通常不可数，常指潮湿表面的霉或植物霉病。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mildew"
 },
 {
  "w": "inexorable",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈeksərəbl/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈeksərəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不可阻挡的；无法改变的",
    "en": "impossible to stop or prevent"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched the inexorable tide creep towards our sandcastle.",
    "zh": "我们看着无法阻挡的潮水逐渐逼近沙堡。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The inexorable rise in demand for electricity highlights the need for investment in renewable energy.",
    "zh": "电力需求不可阻挡的增长凸显了投资可再生能源的必要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "inexorable rise｜不可阻挡的增长",
   "inexorable decline｜无法遏制的衰退",
   "inexorable march of time｜时间不可阻挡的流逝"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inexorably (adv.)",
   "inexorability (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "unstoppable",
   "relentless"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "侧重趋势或进程无法阻止，不只是“无情”。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inexorable"
 },
 {
  "w": "constitutive",
  "uk": "/ˈkɒnstɪtjuːtɪv/",
  "us": "/ˈkɑːnstətuːtɪv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "构成性的；构成要素的",
    "en": "Helping to form something or define its essential nature."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "For our club, cooperation is constitutive of its identity.",
    "zh": "对我们俱乐部而言，合作精神是其身份认同的根本组成部分。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Shared customs are constitutive of cultural identity, rather than merely optional features of community life.",
    "zh": "共同习俗是文化认同的根本组成部分，而非社区生活中可有可无的特征。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "constitutive of｜构成……的",
   "constitutive elements｜构成要素",
   "constitutive role｜构成性作用"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "constitute (v.)",
   "constitution (n.)",
   "constitutional (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指构成事物本质的；“宪法的”用constitutional。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "constitutive"
 },
 {
  "w": "furrow",
  "uk": "/ˈfʌrəʊ/",
  "us": "/ˈfɝːoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "犁沟",
    "en": "A long narrow channel cut into soil by a plough"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "深皱纹；沟痕",
    "en": "A deep line in skin or another surface"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "皱起眉头；使起沟纹",
    "en": "Make deep lines in something, especially the forehead"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The farmer dropped seeds into a freshly ploughed furrow.",
    "zh": "农民把种子撒进刚犁好的沟里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Planting along furrows that follow the contours of hills can help farmers reduce soil erosion.",
    "zh": "沿着顺应山坡等高线的犁沟种植，有助于农民减少土壤侵蚀。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "plough a furrow｜犁出一道沟",
   "a deep furrow｜深沟；深皱纹",
   "furrow your brow｜皱眉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "furrowed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "groove"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "furrow your brow是常用搭配，意为皱眉。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "furrow"
 },
 {
  "w": "harangue",
  "uk": "/həˈræŋ/",
  "us": "/həˈræŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "长篇激烈的训话",
    "en": "A long, forceful speech expressing anger or strong criticism."
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "长篇训斥",
    "en": "To speak angrily and at length to someone."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His harangue about dirty dishes spoiled our quiet breakfast.",
    "zh": "他为没洗的碗碟训斥个没完，破坏了我们早餐时的宁静。"
   },
   {
    "en": "A lengthy harangue is unlikely to persuade citizens who expect constructive debate about public spending.",
    "zh": "对于期待就公共支出展开建设性讨论的公民，冗长激烈的训话很难有说服力。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a lengthy harangue｜冗长的训话",
   "launch into a harangue｜开始长篇训斥",
   "harangue someone about something｜为某事长篇训斥某人"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "tirade",
   "diatribe"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "含贬义，强调冗长且激烈，不只是普通演讲。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "harangue"
 },
 {
  "w": "countermand",
  "uk": "/ˌkaʊntəˈmɑːnd/",
  "us": "/ˌkaʊntɚˈmænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "撤销命令；取消指令",
    "en": "to officially cancel an earlier order"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The manager countermanded the order to close the shop.",
    "zh": "经理撤销了关闭商店的命令。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Local officials may countermand evacuation orders only when reliable evidence shows that the danger has passed.",
    "zh": "地方官员只有在可靠证据表明危险已经解除时，才可撤销疏散命令。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "countermand an order｜撤销命令",
   "countermand an instruction｜取消指令"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "revoke",
   "rescind",
   "cancel"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "issue"
  ],
  "tip": "正式用语，宾语通常是order或instruction。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "countermand"
 },
 {
  "w": "perverse",
  "uk": "/pəˈvɜːs/",
  "us": "/pɚˈvɝːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "故意作对的；悖理的",
    "en": "Deliberately contrary to what is reasonable, expected, or wanted."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "事与愿违的；适得其反的",
    "en": "Producing effects opposite to those intended or considered desirable."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "He took perverse pleasure in disagreeing with every suggestion.",
    "zh": "他以反对每一个建议为乐，这种乐趣令人费解。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Poorly designed subsidies can create perverse incentives, encouraging companies to increase pollution rather than invest in cleaner production.",
    "zh": "设计不当的补贴可能产生反向激励，鼓励企业增加污染，而不是投资更清洁的生产方式。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "perverse pleasure｜反常的乐趣",
   "perverse incentives｜反向激励",
   "perverse effect｜适得其反的效果"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "perversely (adv.)",
   "perversity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "contrary",
   "unreasonable"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "reasonable"
  ],
  "tip": "不泛指不正当；常指故意作对或结果适得其反。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "perverse"
 },
 {
  "w": "alluvial",
  "uk": "/əˈluːviəl/",
  "us": "/əˈluːviəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "冲积的",
    "en": "formed from soil or sand deposited by flowing water"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our vegetables grow well in the rich alluvial soil.",
    "zh": "我们的蔬菜在肥沃的冲积土中长势良好。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Alluvial plains often support intensive agriculture because rivers deposit fertile sediment across these lowland areas.",
    "zh": "冲积平原通常有利于集约农业，因为河流会在这些低地沉积肥沃的泥沙。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "alluvial soil｜冲积土",
   "alluvial deposits｜冲积沉积物",
   "alluvial plain｜冲积平原"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "alluvium (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常修饰soil、plain、deposits，强调流水沉积形成。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "alluvial"
 },
 {
  "w": "superstructure",
  "uk": "/ˈsuːpəstrʌktʃə/",
  "us": "/ˈsuːpərstrʌktʃər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "上部结构",
    "en": "The part of a structure built above its base or deck."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "社会上层建筑",
    "en": "Institutions and beliefs supported by a society's economic system."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Workers painted the ship's superstructure white before its departure.",
    "zh": "工人在船出发前把船的上层结构漆成了白色。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Engineers must ensure that a building's foundations can safely support its entire superstructure under varying environmental conditions.",
    "zh": "工程师必须确保建筑地基在不同环境条件下都能安全支撑整个上部结构。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ship's superstructure｜船舶上层建筑",
   "steel superstructure｜钢制上部结构",
   "ideological superstructure｜意识形态上层建筑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "structure (n.)",
   "structural (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "substructure"
  ],
  "tip": "建筑中指基础以上部分；船舶中指甲板以上部分。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "superstructure"
 },
 {
  "w": "antonymous",
  "uk": "/ænˈtɒnɪməs/",
  "us": "/ænˈtɑːnɪməs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "反义的；词义相反的",
    "en": "Having opposite meanings, as two words do."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our teacher used pictures to explain several antonymous pairs.",
    "zh": "老师用图片讲解了几组反义词。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Learning antonymous adjectives together can help language students distinguish contrasting meanings and expand their descriptive vocabulary.",
    "zh": "将反义形容词放在一起学习，有助于语言学习者区分相反的含义，扩充描述性词汇。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "antonymous pairs｜反义词对",
   "antonymous adjectives｜反义形容词",
   "antonymous meanings｜相反的词义"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "antonym (n.)",
   "antonymy (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [
   "synonymous"
  ],
  "tip": "语言学用词，日常更常说opposite in meaning。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "antonymous"
 },
 {
  "w": "coinage",
  "uk": "/ˈkɔɪnɪdʒ/",
  "us": "/ˈkɔɪnɪdʒ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "新造词；造词",
    "en": "a newly invented word, or the creation of new words"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "硬币；铸币",
    "en": "coins used in a country, or the process of making them"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her playful coinage quickly became popular among her friends.",
    "zh": "她随口创造的俏皮新词很快在朋友中流行起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The rapid growth of digital technology encourages the coinage of terms for previously unfamiliar experiences.",
    "zh": "数字技术的快速发展促使人们创造新词，描述以往陌生的体验。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a recent coinage｜新近创造的词",
   "the coinage of new words｜新词的创造",
   "decimal coinage｜十进制硬币体系"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "coin (n.)",
   "coin (v.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指某个新造词时可数；指造词或铸币过程时不可数。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "education",
  "note": "",
  "id": "coinage"
 },
 {
  "w": "flagstone",
  "uk": "/ˈflæɡstəʊn/",
  "us": "/ˈflæɡstoʊn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "铺地石板",
    "en": "A flat stone slab used for paths or floors."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Rainwater collected in the cracks between the old flagstones.",
    "zh": "雨水积在旧石板之间的缝隙里。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Using locally sourced flagstones for public paths can preserve regional character while reducing transport emissions.",
    "zh": "公共步道采用当地出产的石板，既能保留地域特色，也能减少运输排放。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a flagstone floor｜石板地面",
   "a flagstone path｜石板小路",
   "lay flagstones｜铺设石板"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "专指铺路或铺地的平整石板，不泛指所有石块。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "city",
  "note": "",
  "id": "flagstone"
 },
 {
  "w": "hoe",
  "uk": "/həʊ/",
  "us": "/hoʊ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用锄头锄地",
    "en": "to loosen soil or remove weeds using a hoe"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "锄头",
    "en": "a long-handled garden tool with a flat blade for working soil"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We hoed the vegetable patch before planting the beans.",
    "zh": "种豆子前，我们把菜地锄了一遍。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Farmers who hoe between crop rows can control weeds while reducing their dependence on chemical herbicides.",
    "zh": "在作物行间锄地的农民可以控制杂草，同时减少对化学除草剂的依赖。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hoe the soil｜锄土",
   "hoe weeds｜锄草",
   "garden hoe｜园艺锄头"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "既是锄头也是锄地；现在分词为hoeing。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hoe"
 },
 {
  "w": "pertinence",
  "uk": "/ˈpɜːtɪnəns/",
  "us": "/ˈpɜːrtnəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "相关性；切题性",
    "en": "the quality of being directly relevant to a particular matter"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The teacher questioned the pertinence of my final paragraph.",
    "zh": "老师质疑我最后一段是否切题。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The pertinence of historical evidence to current policy debates depends partly on how closely the social conditions resemble ours.",
    "zh": "历史证据与当前政策辩论的相关性，部分取决于当时的社会条件与如今有多相似。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "pertinence to the topic｜与主题的相关性",
   "question the pertinence of｜质疑……的相关性"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pertinent (adj.)",
   "pertinently (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "relevance"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "irrelevance"
  ],
  "tip": "正式且较少见；通常用relevance更自然。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pertinence"
 },
 {
  "w": "seclude",
  "uk": "/sɪˈkluːd/",
  "us": "/sɪˈkluːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "使隔绝；使隐居",
    "en": "To keep someone away from other people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She secluded herself in the cottage to finish painting.",
    "zh": "她独自待在小屋里，不受打扰地完成绘画。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Some writers seclude themselves in remote locations to avoid distractions and concentrate on their work.",
    "zh": "一些作家隐居在偏远地区，以免受到干扰，专心创作。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "seclude oneself｜独处；隐居",
   "seclude oneself from others｜与他人隔绝"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "secluded (adj.)",
   "seclusion (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "isolate"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用seclude oneself，表示让自己远离他人。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "seclude"
 },
 {
  "w": "inapt",
  "uk": "/ɪnˈæpt/",
  "us": "/ɪnˈæpt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "不恰当的；不贴切的",
    "en": "Not suitable or appropriate for a particular situation."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His inapt joke made everyone at dinner feel uncomfortable.",
    "zh": "他那个不合时宜的笑话让用餐的每个人都感到尴尬。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Comparing schools solely by examination results is inapt when their students have very different social backgrounds.",
    "zh": "当学生的社会背景差异很大时，仅按考试成绩比较学校并不恰当。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an inapt comparison｜不贴切的比较",
   "an inapt remark｜不恰当的评论",
   "an inapt description｜不贴切的描述"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "inaptly (adv.)",
   "inaptness (n.)",
   "apt (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "inappropriate",
   "unsuitable",
   "inapposite"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "apt",
   "appropriate"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式且少见；勿与表示无能的inept混淆。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "inapt"
 },
 {
  "w": "peroxide",
  "uk": "/pəˈrɒksaɪd/",
  "us": "/pəˈrɑːksaɪd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "过氧化氢；过氧化物",
    "en": "Hydrogen peroxide, or a compound containing an oxygen–oxygen bond"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "用过氧化氢漂白",
    "en": "To bleach hair using hydrogen peroxide"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The hairdresser used peroxide to lighten her hair.",
    "zh": "理发师用过氧化氢把她的头发颜色漂浅了。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Hydrogen peroxide is used in some industrial processes to bleach paper and treat wastewater.",
    "zh": "过氧化氢用于某些工业流程，以漂白纸张和处理废水。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "hydrogen peroxide｜过氧化氢",
   "peroxide solution｜过氧化氢溶液",
   "peroxide blonde｜漂染的金发女子"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "peroxided (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "日常语境常指过氧化氢，化学中也泛指过氧化物。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "peroxide"
 },
 {
  "w": "partake",
  "uk": "/pɑːˈteɪk/",
  "us": "/pɑːrˈteɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "参加；参与",
    "en": "to take part in an activity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "享用；吃喝",
    "en": "to eat or drink something, especially when offered"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Everyone was invited to partake in the evening games.",
    "zh": "大家都受邀参加晚上的游戏活动。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Community centres enable residents of different ages to partake in activities that strengthen social connections.",
    "zh": "社区中心让不同年龄的居民能够参与增进社会联系的活动。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "partake in activities｜参与活动",
   "partake in celebrations｜参与庆祝活动",
   "partake of refreshments｜享用茶点"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "participate",
   "join in"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "较正式；参与用in，享用用of；过去式partook。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "partake"
 },
 {
  "w": "fortitude",
  "uk": "/ˈfɔːtɪtjuːd/",
  "us": "/ˈfɔːrtətuːd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "坚毅；逆境中的勇气",
    "en": "Courage and mental strength during pain or difficulty."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "She faced months of painful treatment with remarkable fortitude.",
    "zh": "她以非凡的毅力面对了数月痛苦的治疗。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Communities affected by natural disasters often show extraordinary fortitude while rebuilding their homes and livelihoods.",
    "zh": "受自然灾害影响的社区在重建家园和恢复生计时，往往表现出非凡的坚毅。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "show fortitude｜表现出坚毅",
   "mental fortitude｜精神上的坚韧",
   "with remarkable fortitude｜以非凡的毅力"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "resilience",
   "courage"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用语，不可数，强调忍受痛苦或逆境。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "emotion",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fortitude"
 },
 {
  "w": "impost",
  "uk": "/ˈɪmpəʊst/",
  "us": "/ˈɪmpoʊst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "税；关税",
    "en": "A tax, especially one charged on imported goods."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "拱座",
    "en": "A projecting support from which an arch rises."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The guide explained the old impost on imported tea.",
    "zh": "导游讲解了过去对进口茶叶征收的税。"
   },
   {
    "en": "An impost on imported grain could protect domestic farmers while increasing food costs for urban consumers.",
    "zh": "对进口谷物征税可以保护本国农民，却也可能增加城市消费者的食品开支。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an impost on imports｜进口税",
   "levy an impost｜征税",
   "impost block｜拱座石"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "税义较古旧或专业；现代通常用tax或duty。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "impost"
 },
 {
  "w": "teem",
  "uk": "/tiːm/",
  "us": "/tiːm/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "充满；有大量",
    "en": "to contain large quantities of living things or moving people"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "下倾盆大雨",
    "en": "to rain very heavily"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pond was teeming with tiny fish this morning.",
    "zh": "今天早上，池塘里满是小鱼。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Healthy coral reefs teem with marine life, making their protection essential for maintaining ocean biodiversity.",
    "zh": "健康的珊瑚礁生活着大量海洋生物，因此保护珊瑚礁对维持海洋生物多样性至关重要。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "teem with life｜生机盎然",
   "teem with visitors｜挤满游客",
   "teem down｜下倾盆大雨"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "teeming (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "abound"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用teem with，表示充满生物、人或活动。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "nature",
  "note": "",
  "id": "teem"
 },
 {
  "w": "hereof",
  "uk": "/ˌhɪərˈɒv/",
  "us": "/ˌhɪrˈʌv/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adv.",
    "zh": "本文件的；关于此事",
    "en": "Of this document, statement, or matter."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Our lease says, “Keep a copy hereof for your records.”",
    "zh": "我们的租约上写着：“请保留本文件副本备查。”"
   },
   {
    "en": "The housing agreement states that the provisions hereof apply equally to all tenants in the building.",
    "zh": "住房协议规定，本协议的条款平等适用于楼内所有租户。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "the provisions hereof｜本文件的条款",
   "a copy hereof｜本文件的副本",
   "the terms hereof｜本文件的条件"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "法律文体用词，相当于of this，不等于here。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hereof"
 },
 {
  "w": "abrogate",
  "uk": "/ˈæbrəɡeɪt/",
  "us": "/ˈæbrəɡeɪt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "正式废除；撤销",
    "en": "To officially end a law, agreement, or established right."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The council voted to abrogate the outdated parking regulation.",
    "zh": "议会投票决定废除那项过时的停车规定。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Governments should not abrogate international agreements without carefully considering the consequences for regional stability and public trust.",
    "zh": "政府不应在未认真考虑对地区稳定和公众信任的影响时废止国际协议。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "abrogate a treaty｜废止条约",
   "abrogate an agreement｜废止协议",
   "abrogate a law｜废除法律"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "abrogation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "repeal",
   "revoke",
   "annul"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用语，常以法律、条约或协议作宾语。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "abrogate"
 },
 {
  "w": "rescind",
  "uk": "/rɪˈsɪnd/",
  "us": "/rɪˈsɪnd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "正式撤销；废除",
    "en": "Officially cancel a decision, agreement, or rule."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The club rescinded its decision to close the pool.",
    "zh": "俱乐部撤销了关闭游泳池的决定。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The council agreed to rescind the parking restrictions after residents raised concerns about access to local shops.",
    "zh": "居民对前往当地商店的便利性提出担忧后，地方议会同意撤销停车限制。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rescind a decision｜撤销决定",
   "rescind an offer｜撤回提议",
   "rescind a contract｜撤销合同"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "rescission (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "revoke",
   "cancel",
   "annul"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "是正式用语中的动词，通常不表示退款。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "government",
  "note": "",
  "id": "rescind"
 },
 {
  "w": "fastidious",
  "uk": "/fæˈstɪdiəs/",
  "us": "/fæˈstɪdiəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "一丝不苟的；挑剔的",
    "en": "Very attentive to detail and difficult to satisfy."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My brother is fastidious about keeping his shoes spotless.",
    "zh": "我哥哥对鞋子的清洁要求很高，总要保持一尘不染。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Fastidious attention to hygiene in food preparation can reduce contamination risks and help maintain public confidence in restaurants.",
    "zh": "在备餐时一丝不苟地注意卫生，可以降低污染风险，并帮助维持公众对餐馆的信任。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "fastidious about cleanliness｜对清洁要求极严",
   "fastidious attention to detail｜对细节的一丝不苟",
   "a fastidious eater｜挑食的人"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fastidiously (adv.)",
   "fastidiousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "meticulous",
   "particular",
   "fussy"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "careless"
  ],
  "tip": "可褒可贬：既指严谨细致，也指过分挑剔。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "daily",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fastidious"
 },
 {
  "w": "hinterland",
  "uk": "/ˈhɪntəlænd/",
  "us": "/ˈhɪntərlænd/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "内陆；腹地",
    "en": "the inland area beyond a coast or major city"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We drove into the hinterland and found quiet villages.",
    "zh": "我们开车深入内陆，发现了几个宁静的村庄。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Improved transport links between ports and their hinterlands can support regional trade and agricultural development.",
    "zh": "改善港口与其腹地之间的交通联系，可以促进区域贸易和农业发展。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "rural hinterland｜乡村腹地",
   "coastal hinterland｜沿海腹地",
   "vast hinterland｜广阔腹地"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常指港口、沿海地区或大城市后方的内陆腹地。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "hinterland"
 },
 {
  "w": "continuance",
  "uk": "/kənˈtɪnjuəns/",
  "us": "/kənˈtɪnjuəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "继续；持续",
    "en": "The state of continuing or being kept in existence."
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "诉讼延期",
    "en": "An official postponement of a court hearing or trial."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The club's continuance depends on help from local volunteers.",
    "zh": "俱乐部能否继续运营取决于当地志愿者的帮助。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The continuance of public funding is essential if rural libraries are to remain open.",
    "zh": "如果农村图书馆要继续开放，公共资金支持就必须持续。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "continuance of support｜支持的持续",
   "continued existence and continuance｜持续存在与延续",
   "grant a continuance｜准予诉讼延期"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "continue (v.)",
   "continuation (n.)",
   "continuous (adj.)",
   "continuity (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "continuation"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "discontinuance",
   "cessation"
  ],
  "tip": "正式用词；法律义“诉讼延期”主要用于美式英语。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "continuance"
 },
 {
  "w": "actuality",
  "uk": "/ˌæktʃuˈæləti/",
  "us": "/ˌæktʃuˈæləti/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "实际情况；现实",
    "en": "What really exists or happens, rather than what is imagined."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The flat looked spacious, but in actuality it was tiny.",
    "zh": "那套公寓看起来宽敞，实际上却很小。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Although online services appear universally accessible, in actuality many rural communities still lack reliable internet connections.",
    "zh": "尽管在线服务似乎人人都能使用，实际上许多农村社区仍缺乏可靠的互联网连接。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "in actuality｜实际上",
   "turn into actuality｜变为现实"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "actual (adj.)",
   "actually (adv.)",
   "actualise (v.)",
   "actualisation (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "reality"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "fantasy"
  ],
  "tip": "in actuality较正式；日常表达常用actually。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "actuality"
 },
 {
  "w": "subliminal",
  "uk": "/sʌbˈlɪmɪnəl/",
  "us": "/sʌbˈlɪmənəl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "潜意识感知的",
    "en": "affecting your mind without you consciously noticing it"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The film used subliminal images that viewers barely noticed.",
    "zh": "影片使用了观众几乎未察觉的潜意识图像。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Researchers continue to investigate whether subliminal cues can influence consumer choices under ordinary shopping conditions.",
    "zh": "研究人员仍在探究，在日常购物环境中，潜意识线索是否会影响消费者的选择。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "subliminal message｜潜意识信息",
   "subliminal advertising｜潜意识广告",
   "subliminal perception｜阈下知觉"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "subliminally (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "指低于意识觉察阈限，并非泛指无意识行为。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "media",
  "note": "",
  "id": "subliminal"
 },
 {
  "w": "deliverance",
  "uk": "/dɪˈlɪvərəns/",
  "us": "/dɪˈlɪvərəns/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "解救；解脱",
    "en": "The act of being freed from danger, suffering, or oppression"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The rescue boat brought deliverance from the rising flood.",
    "zh": "救援船使人们摆脱了不断上涨的洪水的威胁。"
   },
   {
    "en": "For isolated communities, the arrival of emergency supplies can represent deliverance from prolonged hunger and hardship.",
    "zh": "对与外界隔绝的社区而言，应急物资的到来可能意味着摆脱长期的饥饿与困苦。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "deliverance from danger｜脱离危险",
   "pray for deliverance｜祈求解救",
   "bring deliverance｜带来解救"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "deliver (v.)",
   "deliverer (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rescue",
   "liberation"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "captivity"
  ],
  "tip": "较正式，常见于文学或宗教语境；常接from。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "deliverance"
 },
 {
  "w": "excrement",
  "uk": "/ˈekskrɪmənt/",
  "us": "/ˈekskrɪmənt/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "粪便；排泄物",
    "en": "Solid waste passed out of a person's or animal's body."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We found bird excrement on the garden bench.",
    "zh": "我们发现花园长椅上有鸟粪。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Untreated animal excrement can contaminate local water supplies and pose serious risks to public health.",
    "zh": "未经处理的动物粪便可能污染当地供水，并严重危害公众健康。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "animal excrement｜动物粪便",
   "human excrement｜人类粪便",
   "bird excrement｜鸟粪"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "faeces"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "不可数名词，语体正式；日常常用 poo。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "excrement"
 },
 {
  "w": "ruinous",
  "uk": "/ˈruːɪnəs/",
  "us": "/ˈruːɪnəs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "毁灭性的；导致破产的",
    "en": "Causing severe damage, especially financial loss."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "破败的；坍塌的",
    "en": "Badly damaged and falling apart."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The repairs were so ruinous that we sold the house.",
    "zh": "维修费高得让我们难以承受，只好卖掉了房子。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Prolonged drought can have ruinous consequences for farming communities that depend entirely on seasonal rainfall.",
    "zh": "对于完全依赖季节性降雨的农业社区，长期干旱可能带来毁灭性的后果。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "ruinous costs｜难以承受的费用",
   "ruinous consequences｜灾难性后果",
   "financially ruinous｜造成财务崩溃的"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "ruin (v.)",
   "ruin (n.)",
   "ruined (adj.)",
   "ruinously (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "disastrous",
   "devastating"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常强调经济上难以承受，不只是一般的昂贵。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "economy",
  "note": "",
  "id": "ruinous"
 },
 {
  "w": "sneer",
  "uk": "/snɪə/",
  "us": "/snɪr/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "讥笑；嘲讽",
    "en": "show disrespect through an unkind smile or remark"
   },
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "讥笑；嘲讽的表情",
    "en": "an unkind expression or remark showing disrespect"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Don't sneer at someone for asking a simple question.",
    "zh": "不要因为别人问了一个简单的问题就嘲笑对方。"
   },
   {
    "en": "When colleagues sneer at unfamiliar ideas, employees may become less willing to suggest innovative solutions.",
    "zh": "当同事嘲讽陌生的想法时，员工可能会更不愿提出创新的解决方案。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "sneer at someone｜嘲笑某人",
   "a contemptuous sneer｜轻蔑的冷笑",
   "with a sneer｜带着讥笑"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "sneering (adj.)",
   "sneeringly (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "mock",
   "scoff"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "常用sneer at；表示轻蔑，不是普通微笑。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "sneer"
 },
 {
  "w": "epoch-making",
  "uk": "/ˈiː.pɒkˌmeɪ.kɪŋ/",
  "us": "/ˈep.əkˌmeɪ.kɪŋ/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "划时代的",
    "en": "So important that it begins a new historical period"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "We watched a documentary about that epoch-making scientific discovery.",
    "zh": "我们看了一部关于那项划时代科学发现的纪录片。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The development of printing was an epoch-making advance that transformed education and widened access to knowledge.",
    "zh": "印刷术的发展是划时代的进步，它改变了教育，并让更多人得以获取知识。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an epoch-making discovery｜划时代的发现",
   "an epoch-making invention｜划时代的发明",
   "an epoch-making event｜划时代的事件"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "epoch (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "historic",
   "groundbreaking"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "语气很强，指开创新时代，不泛指一般的重要。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "history",
  "note": "",
  "id": "epoch-making"
 },
 {
  "w": "pliable",
  "uk": "/ˈplaɪəbl/",
  "us": "/ˈplaɪəbl/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "柔韧的；易弯曲的",
    "en": "Easy to bend or shape without breaking."
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "易受影响的；易摆布的",
    "en": "Easily influenced or controlled by other people."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Warm the clay until it becomes soft and pliable.",
    "zh": "把黏土加热，直到它变得柔软易塑形。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Pliable materials allow designers to create lightweight products that can be folded for easier storage and transport.",
    "zh": "柔韧材料让设计师能够制造可折叠的轻质产品，方便储存和运输。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "soft and pliable｜柔软易弯曲的",
   "pliable materials｜柔韧材料",
   "keep something pliable｜使某物保持柔韧"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pliability (n.)",
   "pliably (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "flexible",
   "supple"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "rigid",
   "inflexible"
  ],
  "tip": "形容材料指柔韧；形容人常指易被摆布。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "science",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pliable"
 },
 {
  "w": "pathos",
  "uk": "/ˈpeɪθɒs/",
  "us": "/ˈpeɪθɑːs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "悲悯感染力；哀婉",
    "en": "A quality that makes people feel pity or sadness."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The abandoned toy gave the photograph a quiet pathos.",
    "zh": "那件被遗弃的玩具为照片增添了一种无声的哀婉。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The pathos of personal stories can make documentaries about social inequality more emotionally engaging.",
    "zh": "个人故事中令人悲悯的力量，能让有关社会不平等的纪录片更打动人心。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "full of pathos｜充满哀婉之情",
   "a sense of pathos｜一种悲悯感",
   "humour and pathos｜幽默与哀婉"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "poignancy"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "通常不可数，强调引起怜悯或悲伤的感染力。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pathos"
 },
 {
  "w": "meteoric",
  "uk": "/ˌmiːtiˈɒrɪk/",
  "us": "/ˌmiːtiˈɔːrɪk/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "迅速而惊人的",
    "en": "Developing or becoming successful with remarkable speed"
   },
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "流星的",
    "en": "Relating to meteors"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her meteoric rise surprised everyone at the small theatre.",
    "zh": "她迅速走红，让小剧院里的所有人都感到惊讶。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The meteoric growth of online shopping has transformed consumer habits and increased demand for delivery services.",
    "zh": "网购的迅猛增长改变了消费习惯，也增加了对配送服务的需求。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a meteoric rise｜迅速崛起",
   "meteoric growth｜迅猛增长",
   "meteoric success｜迅速取得的成功"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "meteor (n.)",
   "meteorically (adv.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "rapid",
   "spectacular"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "gradual"
  ],
  "tip": "常修饰rise，强调崛起迅速，不一定短暂。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "work",
  "note": "",
  "id": "meteoric"
 },
 {
  "w": "mariner",
  "uk": "/ˈmærɪnə/",
  "us": "/ˈmærɪnər/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "海员；水手",
    "en": "Someone who sails or works on a ship at sea."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The experienced mariner guided our boat safely into harbour.",
    "zh": "那位经验丰富的海员引导我们的船安全驶入港口。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Before modern navigation systems existed, mariners relied on stars and coastal landmarks to determine their position.",
    "zh": "在现代导航系统出现之前，海员依靠星辰和海岸地标确定位置。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "an experienced mariner｜经验丰富的海员",
   "a merchant mariner｜商船海员",
   "a master mariner｜持证远洋船长"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "marine (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "sailor",
   "seafarer"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "比sailor正式，常见于航海或历史语境。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "travel",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mariner"
 },
 {
  "w": "fatuous",
  "uk": "/ˈfætʃ.u.əs/",
  "us": "/ˈfætʃ.u.əs/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "adj.",
    "zh": "愚蠢而自以为是的",
    "en": "Foolish and unreasonable, often with misplaced confidence"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "His fatuous suggestion was to water plants with lemonade.",
    "zh": "他竟自以为是地提议用柠檬汽水浇花。"
   },
   {
    "en": "The fatuous assumption that technology alone can solve poverty ignores the importance of education and effective governance.",
    "zh": "认为单靠技术就能解决贫困的愚蠢假设，忽视了教育和有效治理的重要性。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a fatuous remark｜愚蠢的言论",
   "a fatuous argument｜愚蠢的论点",
   "a fatuous assumption｜愚蠢的假设"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "fatuously (adv.)",
   "fatuousness (n.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "foolish",
   "inane",
   "silly"
  ],
  "ant": [
   "sensible"
  ],
  "tip": "正式且贬义，常批评言论或想法愚蠢而自满。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "thinking",
  "note": "",
  "id": "fatuous"
 },
 {
  "w": "mien",
  "uk": "/miːn/",
  "us": "/miːn/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "仪态；神情",
    "en": "A person's appearance or manner, especially showing mood or character."
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "Her cheerful mien brightened the room as she entered.",
    "zh": "她走进来时，愉快的神情让整个房间都明朗起来。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Despite his stern mien, the headteacher encouraged students to discuss their concerns openly and without fear.",
    "zh": "尽管校长神情严肃，他仍鼓励学生无所畏惧地坦诚讨论自己的顾虑。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a serious mien｜严肃的神情",
   "a cheerful mien｜愉快的神情",
   "a dignified mien｜庄重的仪态"
  ],
  "fam": [],
  "syn": [
   "demeanour",
   "bearing"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式或文学用词；与mean同音，指神情或仪态。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "arts",
  "note": "",
  "id": "mien"
 },
 {
  "w": "pharmaceutist",
  "uk": "/ˌfɑːməˈsjuːtɪst/",
  "us": "/ˌfɑːrməˈsuːtɪst/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "n.",
    "zh": "药剂师；药师",
    "en": "A professional qualified to prepare and supply medicines"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "The pharmaceutist carefully prepared the medicine for her patient.",
    "zh": "这位药剂师仔细地为她的病人配好了药。"
   },
   {
    "en": "In historical accounts of healthcare, the pharmaceutist often appears as an important provider of medicines and practical advice.",
    "zh": "在医疗保健的历史记述中，药剂师常作为药物和实用建议的重要提供者出现。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "a qualified pharmaceutist｜合格的药剂师",
   "a practising pharmaceutist｜执业药剂师"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "pharmacy (n.)",
   "pharmacist (n.)",
   "pharmaceutical (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "pharmacist"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "罕见旧式用词；现代英语通常用pharmacist。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "health",
  "note": "",
  "id": "pharmaceutist"
 },
 {
  "w": "profess",
  "uk": "/prəˈfes/",
  "us": "/prəˈfes/",
  "senses": [
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "声称；公开宣称",
    "en": "to openly claim a feeling or belief, sometimes without sincerity"
   },
   {
    "pos": "v.",
    "zh": "信奉；宣称信仰",
    "en": "to declare that you follow a particular religion"
   }
  ],
  "ex": [
   {
    "en": "My cousins profess to love cooking but always order takeaway.",
    "zh": "我的表亲们声称喜欢做饭，却总是点外卖。"
   },
   {
    "en": "Many companies profess a commitment to sustainability, yet their production methods continue to generate substantial waste.",
    "zh": "许多企业宣称致力于可持续发展，但其生产方式仍不断产生大量废物。"
   }
  ],
  "col": [
   "profess to know｜声称知道",
   "profess ignorance｜声称不知情",
   "profess a belief｜公开表达信念",
   "profess a religion｜信奉某宗教"
  ],
  "fam": [
   "professed (adj.)"
  ],
  "syn": [
   "claim",
   "declare"
  ],
  "ant": [],
  "tip": "正式用语；profess to do常暗示声称未必属实。",
  "cefr": "C2",
  "topic": "society",
  "note": "",
  "id": "profess"
 }
]