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  {
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   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "This notebook was prepared by [Donne Martin](https://github.com/donnemartin). Source and license info is on [GitHub](https://github.com/donnemartin/interactive-coding-challenges)."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Challenge Notebook"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Problem: Implement a binary search tree with an insert method.\n",
    "\n",
    "* [Constraints](#Constraints)\n",
    "* [Test Cases](#Test-Cases)\n",
    "* [Algorithm](#Algorithm)\n",
    "* [Code](#Code)\n",
    "* [Unit Test](#Unit-Test)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Constraints\n",
    "\n",
    "* Can we insert None values?\n",
    "    * No\n",
    "* Can we assume we are working with valid integers?\n",
    "    * Yes\n",
    "* Can we assume all left descendents <= n < all right descendents?\n",
    "    * Yes\n",
    "* Do we have to keep track of the parent nodes?\n",
    "    * This is optional\n",
    "* Can we assume this fits in memory?\n",
    "    * Yes"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Test Cases\n",
    "\n",
    "### Insert\n",
    "\n",
    "Insert will be tested through the following traversal:\n",
    "\n",
    "### In-Order Traversal\n",
    "\n",
    "* 5, 2, 8, 1, 3 -> 1, 2, 3, 5, 8\n",
    "* 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 -> 1, 2, 3, 4, 5\n",
    "\n",
    "If the `root` input is `None`, return a tree with the only element being the new root node.\n",
    "\n",
    "You do not have to code the in-order traversal, it is part of the unit test."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Algorithm\n",
    "\n",
    "Refer to the [Solution Notebook](http://nbviewer.ipython.org/github/donnemartin/interactive-coding-challenges/blob/master/graphs_trees/bst/bst_solution.ipynb).  If you are stuck and need a hint, the solution notebook's algorithm discussion might be a good place to start."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Code"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Node(object):\n",
    "\n",
    "    def __init__(self, data):\n",
    "        # TODO: Implement me\n",
    "        pass\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "class Bst(object):\n",
    "\n",
    "    def insert(self, data):\n",
    "        # TODO: Implement me\n",
    "        pass"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Unit Test"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**The following unit test is expected to fail until you solve the challenge.**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "%run dfs.py"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "%run ../utils/results.py"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# %load test_bst.py\n",
    "import unittest\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "class TestTree(unittest.TestCase):\n",
    "\n",
    "    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):\n",
    "        super(TestTree, self).__init__()\n",
    "        self.results = Results()\n",
    "\n",
    "    def test_tree_one(self):\n",
    "        bst = Bst()\n",
    "        bst.insert(5)\n",
    "        bst.insert(2)\n",
    "        bst.insert(8)\n",
    "        bst.insert(1)\n",
    "        bst.insert(3)\n",
    "        in_order_traversal(bst.root, self.results.add_result)\n",
    "        self.assertEqual(str(self.results), '[1, 2, 3, 5, 8]')\n",
    "        self.results.clear_results()\n",
    "\n",
    "    def test_tree_two(self):\n",
    "        bst = Bst()\n",
    "        bst.insert(1)\n",
    "        bst.insert(2)\n",
    "        bst.insert(3)\n",
    "        bst.insert(4)\n",
    "        bst.insert(5)\n",
    "        in_order_traversal(bst.root, self.results.add_result)\n",
    "        self.assertEqual(str(self.results), '[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]')\n",
    "\n",
    "        print('Success: test_tree')\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "def main():\n",
    "    test = TestTree()\n",
    "    test.test_tree_one()\n",
    "    test.test_tree_two()\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "if __name__ == '__main__':\n",
    "    main()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Solution Notebook\n",
    "\n",
    "Review the [Solution Notebook](http://nbviewer.ipython.org/github/donnemartin/interactive-coding-challenges/blob/master/graphs_trees/bst/bst_solution.ipynb) for a discussion on algorithms and code solutions."
   ]
  }
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