// <Snippet35>
using System;
using System.Text;

[assembly:CLSCompliant(true)]

public class CharacterUtilities
{
   [CLSCompliant(false)] public static ushort ToUTF16(String s)
   {
      s = s.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormC);
      return Convert.ToUInt16(s[0]);
   }

   [CLSCompliant(false)] public static ushort ToUTF16(Char ch)
   {
      return Convert.ToUInt16(ch);
   }

   // CLS-compliant alternative for ToUTF16(String).
   public static int ToUTF16CodeUnit(String s)
   {
      s = s.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormC);
      return (int) Convert.ToUInt16(s[0]);
   }

   // CLS-compliant alternative for ToUTF16(Char).
   public static int ToUTF16CodeUnit(Char ch)
   {
      return Convert.ToInt32(ch);
   }

   public bool HasMultipleRepresentations(String s)
   {
      String s1 = s.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormC);
      return s.Equals(s1);
   }

   public int GetUnicodeCodePoint(Char ch)
   {
      if (Char.IsSurrogate(ch))
         throw new ArgumentException("ch cannot be a high or low surrogate.");

      return Char.ConvertToUtf32(ch.ToString(), 0);
   }

   public int GetUnicodeCodePoint(Char[] chars)
   {
      if (chars.Length > 2)
         throw new ArgumentException("The array has too many characters.");

      if (chars.Length == 2) {
         if (!Char.IsSurrogatePair(chars[0], chars[1]))
            throw new ArgumentException("The array must contain a low and a high surrogate.");
         else
            return Char.ConvertToUtf32(chars[0], chars[1]);
      }
      else {
         return Char.ConvertToUtf32(chars.ToString(), 0);
      }
   }
}
// </Snippet35>

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
   }
}