{ "@context": "https://schema.org/", "@type": "Dataset", "comment": "This dataset metadata was generated with the use of AI and reviewed by an expert. If you see any mistakes please file an issue on GitHub at https://github.com/earthcube/communityCollections/issues.", "@id": "https://www.chelsa-climate.org/datasets/chelsa_bioclim#dataset", "name": "CHELSA-bioclim (V2.1)", "description": "CHELSA-bioclim is a global, kilometer-scale climate dataset generated with the CHELSA downscaling model. It consists of bioclimatic variables and related predictors used in ecological and environmental analyses.", "url": "https://www.chelsa-climate.org/datasets/chelsa_bioclim", "version": "2.1", "creator": { "@type": "Organization", "@id": "https://www.chelsa-climate.org/#publisher", "name": "WSL (Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research)", "url": "https://www.wsl.ch/" }, "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "@id": "https://www.chelsa-climate.org/#publisher", "name": "WSL (Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research)", "url": "https://www.wsl.ch/" }, "keywords": [ "CHELSA", "bioclim", "bioclimatic variables", "ecology", "species distribution modeling", "climate predictors" ], "variableMeasured": [ { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Mean Annual Near-Surface Air Temperature", "alternateName": "bio01", "unitText": "°C", "description": "Mean annual temperature calculated as the average of mean monthly temperatures over the year", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Mean Diurnal Near-Surface Air Temperature Range", "alternateName": "bio02", "unitText": "°C", "description": "Mean diurnal temperature range computed as the average of monthly daily maximum minus daily minimum near-surface air temperature", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Isothermality", "alternateName": "bio03", "unitText": "°C", "description": "Isothermality: 100 × bio02 ÷ bio07; compares day-night variability to annual temperature range", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Temperature Seasonality", "alternateName": "bio04", "unitText": "°C/100", "description": "Temperature seasonality given by the standard deviation of mean monthly temperatures", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Mean Daily Maximum Near-Surface Air Temperature of the Warmest Month", "alternateName": "bio05", "unitText": "°C", "description": "Highest monthly mean of daily maximum temperatures across the year; indicates peak thermal conditions", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Mean Daily Minimum Near-Surface Air Temperature of the Coldest Month", "alternateName": "bio06", "unitText": "°C", "description": "Lowest monthly mean of daily minimum temperatures across the year; characterizes winter cold intensity", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Annual Daily Mean Near-Surface Air Temperature Range", "alternateName": "bio07", "unitText": "°C", "description": "Annual temperature range calculated as bio05 minus bio06; measures amplitude between warmest and coldest months", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Mean Daily Near-Surface Air Temperature of the Wettest Quarter", "alternateName": "bio08", "unitText": "°C", "description": "Average monthly mean temperature over the wettest three-month period of the year", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Mean Daily Near-Surface Air Temperature of the Driest Quarter", "alternateName": "bio09", "unitText": "°C", "description": "Average monthly mean temperature over the driest three-month period of the year", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Mean Daily Mean Near-Surface Air Temperature of the Warmest Quarter", "alternateName": "bio10", "unitText": "°C", "description": "Average monthly mean temperature over the warmest three-month period of the year", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Mean Daily Mean Near-Surface Air Temperature of the Coldest Quarter", "alternateName": "bio11", "unitText": "°C", "description": "Average monthly mean temperature over the coldest three-month period of the year", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Annual Precipitation", "alternateName": "bio12", "unitText": "kg m-2 year-1", "description": "Sum of monthly precipitation totals across the year", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Precipitation of the Wettest Month", "alternateName": "bio13", "unitText": "kg m-2 month-1", "description": "Maximum monthly precipitation total", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Precipitation of the Driest Month", "alternateName": "bio14", "unitText": "kg m-2 month-1", "description": "Minimum monthly precipitation total", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Precipitation Seasonality", "alternateName": "bio15", "unitText": "kg m-2", "description": "Coefficient of variation: 100 × standard deviation ÷ mean of monthly precipitation totals", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Mean Monthly Precipitation of the Wettest Quarter", "alternateName": "bio16", "unitText": "kg m-2 month-1", "description": "Average monthly precipitation during the wettest three-month period of the year", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Mean Monthly Precipitation of the Driest Quarter", "alternateName": "bio17", "unitText": "kg m-2 month-1", "description": "Average monthly precipitation during the driest three-month period of the year", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Mean Monthly Precipitation of the Warmest Quarter", "alternateName": "bio18", "unitText": "kg m-2 month-1", "description": "Average monthly precipitation during the warmest three-month period of the year", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Mean Monthly Precipitation of the Coldest Quarter", "alternateName": "bio19", "unitText": "kg m-2 month-1", "description": "Average monthly precipitation during the coldest three-month period of the year", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Frost Change Frequency", "alternateName": "fcf", "unitText": "count", "description": "Number of freeze-thaw transitions per year.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "First Day of the Growing Season TREELIM", "alternateName": "fgd", "unitText": "julian day", "description": "Julian day marking the first occurrence of growing season conditions.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Growing Degree Days Heat Sum above 0 °C", "alternateName": "gdd0", "unitText": "°C", "description": "Sum of daily mean temperatures above 0 °C accumulated over the year.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Growing Degree Days Heat Sum above 10 °C", "alternateName": "gdd10", "unitText": "°C", "description": "Sum of daily mean temperatures above 10 °C accumulated over the year.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Growing Degree Days Heat Sum above 5 °C", "alternateName": "gdd5", "unitText": "°C", "description": "Sum of daily mean temperatures above 5 °C accumulated over the year.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "First Growing Degree Day above 10 °C", "alternateName": "gdgfgd10", "unitText": "julian day", "description": "Julian day of the first occurrence of a daily mean temperature above 10 °C.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "First Growing Degree Day above 5 °C", "alternateName": "gdgfgd5", "unitText": "julian day", "description": "Julian day of the first occurrence of a daily mean temperature above 5 °C.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Growing Season Length", "alternateName": "gsl", "unitText": "days", "description": "Number of days between the first and last occurrence of growing season conditions.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Accumulated Precipitation Amount on Growing Season Days", "alternateName": "gsp", "unitText": "kg m-2 gsl-1", "description": "Total precipitation accumulated during the growing season period.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Mean Temperature of Growing Season Days", "alternateName": "gst", "unitText": "°C", "description": "Average daily mean temperature over all growing season days.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification", "alternateName": "kg0", "unitText": "category", "description": "Köppen-Geiger climate classification.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification without As and Aw Differentiation", "alternateName": "kg1", "unitText": "category", "description": "Köppen-Geiger climate classification without As and Aw differentiation.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification after Peel et al. 2007", "alternateName": "kg2", "unitText": "category", "description": "Köppen-Geiger climate classification after Peel et al. 2007.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Climate Classification after Wissmann 1939", "alternateName": "kg3", "unitText": "category", "description": "Climate classification after Wissmann 1939.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Climate Classification after Thornthwaite 1931", "alternateName": "kg4", "unitText": "category", "description": "Climate classification after Thornthwaite 1931.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Climate Classification after Troll-Pfaffen", "alternateName": "kg5", "unitText": "category", "description": "Climate classification after Troll-Pfaffen.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Last Day of the Growing Season TREELIM", "alternateName": "lgd", "unitText": "julian day", "description": "Julian day of the last occurrence of growing season conditions.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Number of Growing Degree Days above 0 °C", "alternateName": "ngd0", "unitText": "number of days", "description": "Total number of days in a year with mean daily temperature above 0 °C.", "temporalCoverage": "1981-2010/1971-2100", "spatialCoverage": { "@type": "Place", "name": "Global land surface areas", "geo": { "@type": "GeoShape", "box": "-180.0,-60.0 180.0,90.0" } }, "temporalResolution": "not detected", "spatialResolution": "not detected" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Number of Growing Degree Days above 10 °C", "alternateName": "ngd10", "unitText": "number of days", "description": 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