{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "https://schema.org/"
  },
  "@type": "Dataset",
  "comment": "This dataset metadata was generated with the use of AI and reviewed by an expert. If you see any mistakes please file an issue on GitHub at https://github.com/earthcube/communityCollections/issues.",
  "@id": "https://human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu/download.php#dataset",
  "name": "GHSL (Global Human Settlement Layer)",
  "url": "https://human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu/download.php",
  "description": "The Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) is a global, multi-temporal suite of geospatial datasets describing human settlements, built-up areas, and population distribution derived from Earth Observation and population data. GHSL products include gridded built-up surface, built-up volume, building height and settlement characteristics, population grids, and settlement typologies (e.g., Degree of Urbanisation / settlement model). Data are provided at multiple spatial resolutions and coordinate systems and span multiple epochs, including short-range projections for 1975–2030 for key products.",
  "keywords": [
    "GHSL",
    "Global Human Settlement Layer",
    "human settlements",
    "built-up area",
    "built-up surface",
    "built-up volume",
    "building height",
    "population grid",
    "settlement model",
    "degree of urbanisation",
    "urbanization",
    "exposure mapping",
    "remote sensing",
    "Copernicus",
    "JRC"
  ],
  "creator": [
    {
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)",
      "url": "https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/collection/ghsl"
    }
  ],
  "provider": [
    {
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Copernicus Emergency Management Service",
      "url": "https://emergency.copernicus.eu/"
    }
  ],
  "publisher": [
    {
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)",
      "url": "https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/collection/ghsl"
    }
  ],
  "isAccessibleForFree": true,
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "variableMeasured": [
    {
      "@type": "PropertyValue",
      "name": "Built-up surface",
      "description": "Gridded built-up surface area (including total and non-residential components for some products).",
      "temporalCoverage": "1975-01-01/2030-12-31",
      "spatialCoverage": {
        "@type": "Place",
        "name": "Global Human Settlement Layer product coverage",
        "geo": {
          "@type": "GeoShape",
          "box": "-180,-90 180,90"
        }
      },
      "temporalResolution": "not detected",
      "spatialResolution": "not detected"
    },
    {
      "@type": "PropertyValue",
      "name": "Built-up volume",
      "description": "Gridded built-up volume estimates (including total and non-residential components for some products).",
      "temporalCoverage": "1975-01-01/2030-12-31",
      "spatialCoverage": {
        "@type": "Place",
        "name": "Global Human Settlement Layer product coverage",
        "geo": {
          "@type": "GeoShape",
          "box": "-180,-90 180,90"
        }
      },
      "temporalResolution": "not detected",
      "spatialResolution": "not detected"
    },
    {
      "@type": "PropertyValue",
      "name": "Building height",
      "description": "Gridded building height estimates for selected reference years/products.",
      "temporalCoverage": "1975-01-01/2030-12-31",
      "spatialCoverage": {
        "@type": "Place",
        "name": "Global Human Settlement Layer product coverage",
        "geo": {
          "@type": "GeoShape",
          "box": "-180,-90 180,90"
        }
      },
      "temporalResolution": "not detected",
      "spatialResolution": "not detected"
    },
    {
      "@type": "PropertyValue",
      "name": "Population",
      "description": "Residential population grid (number of people per cell) for multiple epochs and projections.",
      "temporalCoverage": "1975-01-01/2030-12-31",
      "spatialCoverage": {
        "@type": "Place",
        "name": "Global Human Settlement Layer product coverage",
        "geo": {
          "@type": "GeoShape",
          "box": "-180,-90 180,90"
        }
      },
      "temporalResolution": "not detected",
      "spatialResolution": "not detected"
    },
    {
      "@type": "PropertyValue",
      "name": "Settlement Typology and Degree of Urbanisation",
      "description": "Settlement model classification based on the UN-recommended Degree of Urbanisation methodology.",
      "temporalCoverage": "1975-01-01/2030-12-31",
      "spatialCoverage": {
        "@type": "Place",
        "name": "Global Human Settlement Layer product coverage",
        "geo": {
          "@type": "GeoShape",
          "box": "-180,-90 180,90"
        }
      },
      "temporalResolution": "not detected",
      "spatialResolution": "not detected"
    }
  ],
  "encodingFormat": [
    "text/html",
    "application/zip",
    "image/tiff",
    "application/geotiff",
    "text/csv",
    "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
    "application/geopackage+sqlite3"
  ],
  "distribution": [
    {
      "@type": "DataDownload",
      "name": "GHSL direct download (advanced users)",
      "description": "Direct download interface for GHSL products (tile-based and single-file downloads).",
      "contentUrl": "https://human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu/download.php",
      "encodingFormat": [
        "text/html"
      ]
    },
    {
      "@type": "DataDownload",
      "name": "GHSL download wizard (step-by-step)",
      "description": "Interactive wizard to select GHSL product group, dataset, epoch, resolution, and coordinate system for download.",
      "contentUrl": "https://human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu/downloadWizard.php",
      "encodingFormat": [
        "text/html"
      ]
    },
    {
      "@type": "DataDownload",
      "name": "Use conditions and how to cite",
      "description": "GHSL use conditions and citation guidance, including license and reference publication pointers.",
      "contentUrl": "https://human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu/GHSLhowToCite.php",
      "encodingFormat": [
        "text/html"
      ]
    },
    {
      "@type": "DataDownload",
      "name": "JRC GHSL collection landing page",
      "description": "European Commission JRC collection page aggregating GHSL datasets and releases.",
      "contentUrl": "https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/collection/ghsl",
      "encodingFormat": [
        "text/html"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "citation": [
    {
      "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
      "name": "Advances on the Global Human Settlement Layer by joint assessment of Earth Observation and population survey data",
      "author": [
        {
          "@type": "Person",
          "name": "M. Pesaresi"
        },
        {
          "@type": "Person",
          "name": "M. Schiavina"
        },
        {
          "@type": "Person",
          "name": "P. Politis"
        },
        {
          "@type": "Person",
          "name": "S. Freire"
        },
        {
          "@type": "Person",
          "name": "K. Krasnodębska"
        },
        {
          "@type": "Person",
          "name": "J. H. Uhl"
        },
        {
          "@type": "Person",
          "name": "T. Kemper"
        }
      ],
      "isPartOf": {
        "@type": "Periodical",
        "name": "International Journal of Digital Earth"
      },
      "datePublished": "2024",
      "sameAs": "https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454"
    }
  ],
  "about": [
    {
      "@type": "Thing",
      "name": "Human settlements"
    },
    {
      "@type": "Thing",
      "name": "Built environment"
    },
    {
      "@type": "Thing",
      "name": "Population distribution"
    },
    {
      "@type": "Thing",
      "name": "Urbanization"
    },
    {
      "@type": "Thing",
      "name": "Remote sensing"
    }
  ],
  "sameAs": [
    "https://human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu/"
  ]
}