None
Echinoderm Anatomy and Development Ontology
definition
The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions.
2012-04-05:
Barry Smith
The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible.
Can you fix to something like:
A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property.
Alan Ruttenberg
Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria.
On the specifics of the proposed definition:
We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition.
Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable.
We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with.
2012-04-05:
Barry Smith
The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible.
Can you fix to something like:
A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property.
Alan Ruttenberg
Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria.
On the specifics of the proposed definition:
We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition.
Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable.
We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with.
PERSON:Daniel Schober
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
definition
definition
database_cross_reference
An alternative label for a class or property which has the exact same meaning than the preferred name/primary label.
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/20
has exact synonym
has_exact_synonym
https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/20
is part of
my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities)
my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity)
this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood)
a core relation that holds between a part and its whole
Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other.
Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/
Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent can be part of an occurrent; only a process can be part of a process; only a continuant can be part of a continuant; only an independent continuant can be part of an independent continuant; only an immaterial entity can be part of an immaterial entity; only a specifically dependent continuant can be part of a specifically dependent continuant; only a generically dependent continuant can be part of a generically dependent continuant. (This list is not exhaustive.)
A continuant cannot be part of an occurrent: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot be part of a continuant: use 'has participant'. A material entity cannot be part of an immaterial entity: use 'has location'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot be part of an independent continuant: use 'inheres in'. An independent continuant cannot be part of a specifically dependent continuant: use 'bearer of'.
part_of
BFO:0000050
quality
spatial
uberon
part_of
part_of
part of
part of
part_of
http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:part_of
https://wiki.geneontology.org/Part_of
David Osumi-Sutherland
starts_at_end_of
RO:0002087
uberon
immediately_preceded_by
immediately_preceded_by
X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)
immediately preceded by
immediately preceded by
x develops from y if and only if either (a) x directly develops from y or (b) there exists some z such that x directly develops from z and z develops from y
RO:0002202
uberon
develops_from
develops_from
This is the transitive form of the develops from relation
develops from
develops from
x existence starts during y if and only if the time point at which x starts is after or equivalent to the time point at which y starts and before or equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: x existence starts during y iff α(x) >= α(y) & α(x) <= ω(y).
RO:0002488
uberon
existence_starts_during
existence_starts_during
existence starts during
Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c ceases to exist during some s, if it does not die prematurely.
x existence ends during y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y ends and after or equivalent to the point at which y starts. Formally: x existence ends during y iff ω(x) <= ω(y) and ω(x) >= α(y).
RO:0002492
ceases_to_exist_during
uberon
existence_ends_during
existence_ends_during
The relations here were created based on work originally by Fabian Neuhaus and David Osumi-Sutherland. The work has not yet been vetted and errors in definitions may have occurred during transcription.
existence ends during
Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c ceases to exist during some s, if it does not die prematurely.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165
root node
life cycle period
Biological process during which certain cells of a female or male individual (parent) are transformed into specialized reproductive cells (gametes) that will initiate development of a progeny individual (offspring) upon fertilization.
gametogenesis
ecao_developmental_stage
Period during which female gametes (or oocytes, or eggs) develop and mature from primordial female germ cells to generate cells competent to further development upon fertilization by a mature spermatozoid.
ovogenesis period
oogenesis period
ecao_developmental_stage
A female gamete that is small in size, i.e. about 10 microm in diameter, and that is at the previtellogenic stage.
previtellogenic primary oocyte stage
ecao_developmental_stage
A developing female gamete that started growing in size by accumulation of yolk proteins. At this stage, it is characterized by the presence of a large nucleus, the germinal vesicle, which contains a prominent nucleolus and occupies most of the cytoplasm.
not fully grown oocyte stage
ecao_developmental_stage
A developing female gamete that has reached its full size. It has grown up to ten times its original size, i.e. 80 to 100microm. It also displays a large germinal vesicle that is centered, but it is still not competent for fertilization.
fully grown oocyte with centered germinal vesicle stage
ecao_developmental_stage
A developing female gamete that has reached its full size and in which the germinal vesicle has moved asymmetrically to the cell periphery. The germinal vesicle is now close to the animal pole.
primary oocyte
fully grown oocyte with off-centered germinal vesicle stage
ecao_developmental_stage
A developing female gamete in which the germinal vesicle has broken down. The germinal vesicle is no longer visible. However, the female gamete is still not mature. It is undergoing meiotic maturation, extruding successively a first and a second polar body.
fully grown oocyte with no nucleus stage
ecao_developmental_stage
A mature female gamete that has achieved its meiotic maturation and in which the female pronucleus is visible. The mature oocyte is arrested in G1 phase and its average size is 80 to 100 µm. It is surrounded by a transparent jelly coat that is about 30 µm thick. It is competent to fertilization and it is located in the female gonad where it may be stored for weeks to months before its release in sea water by spawning. In the P. lividus species, the mature female gametes are characterized by the presence of pigment granules concentrated in a subequatorial band. This band is classically called the pigment band and allows to visualize the first embryonic axis, i.e. the animal-vegetal axis, which is perpendicular to the band.
spawned egg
unfertilized egg
mature oocyte stage
ecao_developmental_stage
Period during which male gametes (or spermatozoa, or spermatozoid) develop and mature from primordial male germ cells to generate cells competent to further development upon fertilization of a mature oocyte.
spermatogenesis period
ecao_developmental_stage
A developing, immature male gamete undergoing mitosis and meiosis to ultimately produce mature spermatozoa.
spermatid
developing spermatozoa stage
ecao_developmental_stage
A mature male gamete that is composed of a head, encompassing a compact nucleus, a neck, a middle piece, and a tail (or flagellum) that propels it towards the oocyte upon spawning.
spermatozoa
sperm
mature spermatozoid stage
ecao_developmental_stage
Biological process during which the embryo forms. This process starts with the fertilization of a mature oocyte by a mature spermatozoid. It is characterized by a succession of rapid mitotic divisions with no significant growth, but with axis establishment and cellular differentiation, thereby leading to the development of a multicellular embryo.
embryogenesis
ecao_developmental_stage
A fertilized egg, right after fertilization. The embryo is characterized morphologically by the fact that it is a single diploid cell surrounded by a fertilization envelope. This stage corresponds to an embryo of age 0 hour post-fertilization.
UBERON:0000106
fertilized egg
zygote stage
1-cell stage
ecao_developmental_stage
Period during which the fertilized egg undergoes a succession of rapid cell divisions with no significant growth.
UBERON:0000107
cleavage period
ecao_developmental_stage
An embryo that is composed of two cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. The first cleavage plane took place meridionally (i.e. along the animal-vegetal axis), thereby generating two blastomeres of equal size, each containing both animal and vegetal cytoplasm.
UBERON:0007232
2c
2-cell stage
ecao_developmental_stage
An embryo that is composed of four cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. The second cleavage plane was meridional and perpendicular to the first one, thereby producing four blastomeres of equal size, each containing both animal and vegetal cytoplasm.
UBERON:0007233
4c
4-cell stage
ecao_developmental_stage
An embryo that is composed of eight cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. The third cleavage took place perpendicular to the first two cleavage planes and was equatorial. It thus generated an animal and a vegetal hemisphere each composed of a quartet of four cells of equal volume.
UBERON:0007236
8c
8-cell stage
ecao_developmental_stage
An embryo that is composed of 16 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: although the fourth cleavage occurred simultaneously in all cells, the pattern of cell division differed in the animal and vegetal blastomeres. In the animal hemisphere the four cells divided meridionally, producing eight blastomeres of equal volume arrayed in a single tier. These cells are called the mesomeres. In the vegetal hemisphere, the four cells underwent an unequal, equatorial cleavage, producing a tier of four large cells, the macromeres, and a tier of four small cells, the micromeres, located at the vegetal pole. At the 16-cell stage, the embryo is hence composed of three groups of cells with distinct sizes. In most sea urchin species,this is the first morphological indication of the animal-vegetal axis.
16c
16-cell stage
ecao_developmental_stage
An embryo that is composed of 28 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: In most sea urchin species, the fifth cleavage signed the end of cell division synchrony, with the mesomeres and macromeres dividing prior to the micromeres with a significant time difference. In the animal hemisphere, the mesomeres underwent an equal and equatorial cleavage, giving rise to two animal cell tiers, each composed of eight blastomeres of equal size: the an1 tier located at the animal pole and the an2 tier located below an1. In parallel, the macromeres divided meridionally, forming a ring of eight cells of equal volume located below the an2 tier. At that stage, the micromeres have not yet divided and are still at a number of four cells.
28c
28-cell stage
ecao_developmental_stage
An embryo that is composed of 32 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: The micromeres have undergone a fifth cleavage (and this has occurred prior to a subsequent division of the other cells). This cleavage was unequal and equatorial, thereby producing four large micromeres and four small micromeres, the smallest cells still marking the vegetal pole.
32c
32-cell stage
ecao_developmental_stage
An embryo that is composed of 56 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: In the animal hemisphere, cells of the an1 and an2 tiers underwent an additional meridional division, producing tiers composed of 16 cells. The macromeres divided equatorially and equally, generating two vegetal cell tiers, each composed of 8 cells of equal volume, namely the veg1 tier (located below an2) and the veg2 tier (located below veg1 and above the large micromeres). At that stage, the large and small micromeres (4 cells each) have not undergone yet a sixth division.
56c
56-cell stage
ecao_developmental_stage
An embryo that is composed of 60 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: The large micromeres have achieved a sixth cleavage, which was meridional, thereby generating a ring of 8 cells. At that stage, from the animal to the vegetal pole, the embryo is composed of: 16 an1-cells, 16 an2-cells, 8 veg1-cells, 8 veg2-cells, 8 large micromeres and 4 small micromeres.
60c
60-cell stage
ecao_developmental_stage
64-cell stage
64c
64-cell stage
ecao_developmental_stage
Period during which the embryo is transformed into a hollow sphere that is one cell layer thick and encompasses a central, fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel. During this period, every cell of the embryo is in contact on the inside with the blastocoel and on the outside with the hyaline layer.
UBERON:0000307
blastula period
ecao_developmental_stage
The embryo is composed of 110-120 cells, as most blastomeres have completed an additional mitotic division after the 60-cell stage. The embryo is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. All cells are about the same size and there are no obvious morphological indications of embryonic polarity or embryonic territories. All cells have begun to acquire apico-basal polarity, and the embryo is beginning to transform into a hollow sphere with a wall that is one cell layer thick and a fluid-filled cavity (the blastocoel) in the center. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: the micromere progeny divide more slowly than other cells of the embryo. Molecular labelling typically indicates the presence of 8 large micromere descendants and 4 small micromeres at this stage .
120-cell stage
B1
vEB
very early blastula stage
ecao_developmental_stage
The embryo is composed of slightly more than 200 cells, as most blastomeres have completed an additional mitotic division after the very early blastula stage. The embryo is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. The embryo remains spherical and one cell layer thick, and the blastocoel has expanded slightly since the very early blastula stage, without increasing though the size of the embryo. The synchrony of cell divisions between animal and vegetal cell tiers, as well as within cell tiers, is becoming less pronounced. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: Molecular labeling typically indicates the presence of 16 large micromere descendants and 4 small micromeres at this stage .
B2
EB
early blastula stage
ecao_developmental_stage
The embryo is composed of about 300 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. Cell divisions are less synchronous than at earlier stages. The cells have flattened slightly on their inner (basal) surface, further contributing to the enlargement of the blastocoel. In some species, cells have started to form cilia on their outer surface. The embryo is still spherical and does not display any obvious morphological landmarks that indicate the primary or secondary embryonic axes. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: molecular labeling typically indicates the presence of 16 to 32 large micromere descendant cells and 4 to 8 small micromere descendants at this stage .
B3
midB
mid-B
mid-blastula stage
ecao_developmental_stage
The embryo is composed of about 400 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. The embryo is still spherical but the wall is thinner and smoother than at previous stages. The vegetal plate has not formed. Many cells are ciliated, and in some species (e.g. P. lividus) the embryo has begun to rotate within the fertilization envelope, while in others (e.g. S. purpuratus) it is still non-motile. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: molecular labeling typically indicates the presence of 32 large micromere descendants and 4 to 8 small micromere descendants at this stage .
B4
LB
pre-HB
prehatched blastula
Late-B
late blastula stage
ecao_developmental_stage
The embryo is composed of about 800 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. The fertilization envelope has started to break down due to the secretion by ectodermal cells of the hatching enzyme, a metalloprotease that digests the fertilization envelope and frees the embryo. The vegetal plate has not formed. The embryo rotates within the envelope or swims away as soon as it is free. At the animal pole, a tuft of long and immotile cilia has started growing.
B5
very late blastula stage
HB
hatched blastula stage
ecao_developmental_stage
The embryo has hatched from the fertilization envelope and swims freely. It is still a hollow sphere that is one cell layer thick, but the cells constituting the vegetal plate (i.e. located at the vegetal pole) have started thickening along the apico-basal axis, thereby creating a morphological landmark that enables orienting the embryo along the animal-vegetal axis. In addition, at the animal pole, the apical tuft composed of long and immotile cilia has continued expending.
SB
swimming blastula stage
ecao_developmental_stage
The embryo has started elongated along the animal-vegetal axis. Its vegetal region has further continued to thicken and it is marked by a characteristic 'V' shape formed by the blastocoel at the level of the cells constituting the vegetal plate, thereby pointing to the vegetal pole. At the animal pole, the embryo is characterized by the presence of an apical tuft.
late-SB
late swimming blastula stage
ecao_developmental_stage
Period during which complex and coordinated cellular movements take place and ultimately generate a three-layered embryo with inner tissues. A portion of cells will ingress, invaginate and/or migrate within the embryo and form the two inner layers (i.e. the endoderm and the mesoderm). The cells that remained outside will instead spread over the whole surface of the embryo and form the outer layer (i.e. the ectoderm).
UBERON:0000109
gastrula period
ecao_developmental_stage
The phase during which skeletogenic primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) move from the vegetal plate into the blastocoel (ingress) but before the vegetal plate has started to invaginate.
mesenchyme blastula phase
ecao_developmental_stage
The vegetal plate is apparent and skeletogenic primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) are in the process of ingression, a type of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). The epithelial wall of the embryo has thickened at the animal pole, where a tuft of long, non-motile cilia has formed.
eMB
early mesenchyme blastula stage
ecao_developmental_stage
All skeletogenic primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) have ingressed into the blastocoel, leaving behind a reformed vegetal plate containing at its center the 8 small micromere descendants surrounded by non-skeletogenic mesoderm cells. The PMCs are organized in a mound on the vegetal plate but have not begun to disperse. The thickened apical pole domain with its tuft of long, non-motile cilia is still apparent.
mid-MB
mid-mesenchyme blastula stage
ecao_developmental_stage
The skeletogenic primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) have migrated away from the vegetal plate by extending filopodia and moving along the blastocoel wall. The vegetal plate has flattened but has not started to invaginate. The apical pole domain still bears an apical tuft of long, non-motile cilia.
late mesenchyme blastula stage
ecao_developmental_stage
Period during which the inpocketing and elongation of the archenteron takes place.
invagination phase
ecao_developmental_stage
The embryo is characterized morphologically by a slight invagination of the vegetal plate and the dispersal of the skeletogenic primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) along the blastocoel wall at the periphery of the invaginating region. The PMCs are just beginning to adopt a characteristic, ring-like arrangement near the equator of the embryo. Within the vegetal plate, the peripheral non-skeletogenic mesoderm cells have started to indent, undergoing important cell shape changes, but the center of the vegetal plate (composed of small micromeres) has not started to elevate. Invagination has generated the blastopore (an opening that will give rise to the larval anus) as well as the anterior portion of the archenteron (a region that will give rise to the coelomic pouches). At the animal pole, the apical pole domain is still marked by an enlarged epithelium bearing long and immotile cilia.
blastopore gastrula stage
blasto-G
blastopore formation stage
ecao_developmental_stage
The embryo is mainly characterized morphologically by the presence in the blastocoel of a small archenteron (i.e. primitive digestive tract) that is about a third of its finally size. Following the initial invagination of the vegetal plate, the archenteron has slightly been extended, within the blastocoel, by the subsequent invagination of additional non-skeletogenic mesoderm cells and of some endoderm cells. In parallel, the skeletogenic mesenchyme cells (or SM cells, primary mesenchyme cells or PMC) have by now started migrating along the blastocoel wall, towards the animal pole, thereby creating two lateral chains (one left and one right), while around the developing archenteron, they have gathered into two ventrolateral clusters separated by an oral (or ventral) and an aboral (or dorsal) chain defined by the remaining skeletogenic mesenchyme cells. Within the oral and aboral skeletogenic mesenchyme chains, the cells have further started to fuse to form syncytial filopodial cables within which skeletal calcification will subsequently take place. At the animal pole, the animal neuroectoderm territory is still marked by an enlarged epithelium bearing long and immotile cilia.
EG
eG
early gastrula stage
ecao_developmental_stage
The embryo is mainly characterized morphologically by the presence of an archenteron (i.e. primitive digestive tract) that has reached one-half its way into the blastocoel. A second phase of archenteron elongation has taken place by invagination of additional cells into the blastocoel, by cell division or by convergent-extension movements depending on the sea urchin species. Non-skeletogenic mesoderm cells that are present at the tip of the archenteron have further started ingressing into the blastocoel, generating the non-skeletogenic mesenchyme cells (or NSM cells, secondary mesenchyme cells or SMC). The oral ectoderm has also started to flatten and to become thicker, providing the first morphological indicator of the oral-aboral (or ventro-dorsal) axis of the embryo. As a consequence the oral chain formed by a portion of the skeletogenic mesenchyme cells has also flattened. Finally, skeletal calcification has further begun within the skeletogenic mesenchyme ventrolateral clusters, marked by the presence of the first calcified structures, which appear as small dots at that stage. At the animal pole, the animal neuroectoderm territory is still marked by an enlarged epithelium bearing long and immotile cilia.
mid-G
G
mid-gastrula stage
ecao_developmental_stage
The embryo is mainly characterized morphologically by the presence in the blastocoel of a fully extended archenteron (i.e. primitive digestive tract) that has now reached the roof of the blastocoel. The third and last extension phase of the archenteron has been ensured by pulling forces exerted by non-skeletogenic mesoderm cells that are still present at the tip of the archenteron. These cells have produced filopodia that extended towards the animal pole, attached the wall, and then shortened, thereby pulling up the archenteron. In some sea urchin species, this pulling force is already orienting the tip of the archenteron towards the oral ectoderm, where the future mouth of the larvae will form. In parallel, in the blastocoel, additional non-skeletogenic mesoderm cells continued ingressing from the tip of the archenteron and the skeletal calcified structures present in the skeletogenic mesenchyme ventrolateral clusters have further grown, forming now the primary triradiate skeletal rudiments (or spicules). At the animal pole, the animal neuroectoderm territory is still marked by an enlarged epithelium bearing long and immotile cilia.
late-G
LG
late gastrula stage
ecao_developmental_stage
To be written
organogenesis period
ecao_developmental_stage
The embryo is mainly characterized morphologically by a typical triangular shape, the beginning of the tripatition of the digestive tract and the presence of pigmented cells. The oral (or ventral) ectoderm has by now even more flattened, making an almost perfect right angle with the blastoporal side of the embryo. By contrast, on the opposite side, the aboral (or dorsal) ectoderm has round up and slightly elongated, thereby forming the primitive apex of the future larvae. These changes have conferred the embryo a typical and easy recognizable triangular shape. In the oral ectoderm, a small depression has further appeared, called the stomodeum, which will later fuse with the tip of the archenteron to form the mouth. In the blastocoel, the digestive tract has also by now bended toward the stomodeum and started to become tripartite. The cardiac sphincter has started forming, separating the future esophagus from the future stomach. The triradiate spicules have also continued elongating, thereby forming by now, towards the animal pole, the right and left dorsoventral connecting rods, towards the apex, the body rods, and along the vegetal, oral ectoderm the left and right ventral transverse rods. Moreover, some non-skeletogenic mesenchyme cells (or NSM cells, secondary mesenchyme cells or SMC) have started becoming pigmented and inserted into the aboral ectoderm. These cells represent part of the future immune system of the larvae along with other blastocoelar cells that are present in the blastocoel around the gut. In the vicinity of the future esophagus, other non-skeletogenic mesoderm descendant cells along with some endoderm cells have further arranged to form a single unpaired coelomic pouch. At the animal pole, the apical pole domain has also started to flatten making the embryo look like a square when viewed from the oral side, and it still arbors a tuft a long and immotile cilia. Finally, within the apical pole domain, but not yet in the ciliary band, molecular labeling surveys also start by this stage to reveal the presence of differentiating neuronal cells.
D
Pr
prism stage
ecao_developmental_stage
larval development
ecao_developmental_stage
Biological process during which the specific outcome is the progression of a free-living larva before the development of the adult. Indirect development represents the mainstream developmental mode of metazoans. This process usually starts with the emergence of a larva that is planktonic and stops at the end of metamorphosis once the animal assumes adult characters.
UBERON:0000069
early feeding larva period
ecao_developmental_stage
The embryo is by now a fully formed pluteus larva. The mouth has opened and the digestive tract is becoming functional. On the ventral side, the mouth is surrounded anteriorly by an oral hood and posteriorly by two postoral arms. On the dorsal side, the apex has lengthened. The skeleton has indeed continued extending, expending the dorsoventral connecting rods, the body rods, and the ventral transverse rods as well as developing the anterolateral rods and the postoral rods. Within the larva, the tripartition of the digestive tract has further progressed. The cardiac sphincter is now fully formed in between the esophagus and the stomach, and the pyloric sphincter in between the stomach and the intestine and the anal sphincter at the level of the anus have also started forming. Around the esophagus, the coelomic pouch has further developed into two bilobed sacs (or pouches), one on each side of the digestive tract. Finally, within the apical pole domain, as well as within the ciliary band, differentiated neurons with their extended axons can also now be distinguished by immunostaining. In parallel, the apical tuft of long and immotile cilia remains discernable at the tip of the oral hood, while in parallel the ciliary band has further started growing a concentrated number of intermediate size motile cilia, which will be used by the larva to swim directionally.
UBERON:0008265
2-arm pluteus stage
early pluteus stage
Eplut
early pluteus larva stage
ecao_developmental_stage
The 4-arm pluteus larva is mainly characterized morphologically by the presence, on the ventral side, of four extended arms (two anterolateral arms at the level of the oral hood and two postoral arms) and on the dorsal side by a sleeked apex. The larva now possesses a completely tripartite and functional digestive tract composed of an esophagus, a stomach, and an intestine, respectively limited by a cardiac sphincter, a pyloric sphincter, and an anal sphincter. Around the esophagus, the right and left coelomic pouches have further started to grow in size and elongate. The first morphological indicator of a left-right asymmetry becomes apparent at that stage, the left coelomic pouch being slightly more elongated than the right one. Furthermore, a thin protrusion of non-skeletogenic mesenchyme cells can be seen extending from the left coelomic pouch to the anterior ectoderm. This is the primary pore canal, which opens to the exterior environment by the hydropore. The larva further now possesses, all around the esophagus, a network of contractile muscles allowing it to swallow and feed. Finally, the apical tuft previously observed at the animal pole has by now disappeared, leaving behind only the concentrated stretch of intermediate size cilia borne by the ciliary band.
UBERON:0008265
P
Plut
Plut4a
pluteus larva
Pluteus
4-arm pluteus larva stage
ecao_developmental_stage
To be written
late feeding larva period
ecao_developmental_stage
The 6-arm pluteus larva is mainly characterized morphologically by the presence, on the ventral side, of six arms, and by the development, on the anterior midline of the esophagus, of the dorsal arch. The larva has indeed extended on the ventral side two additional posterodorsal arms and has developed on the anterior side an additional skeletal element called the dorsal arch. In addition, at the basis of the postoral and posterodorsal arms, four small patches of ciliary band have by now cut off and migrated toward the apex, forming four patches of ciliated structures called the epaulettes (one posterior and one anterior pair). The nervous system of the larva has also become more complex with cell bodies and axons being present all along the arms and for the latter as well throughout the apex. The left and right coelomic pouches have continued to elongate on each side of the digestive tract. As a note this stage is relatively fleeting.
UBERON:0008265
Plut6a
6-arm pluteus larva stage
ecao_developmental_stage
The 8-arm pluteus larva is mainly characterized morphologically by the presence on the ventral side of the larva of eight arms and by the development within the larva, on the left side of the stomach, of the adult rudiment. This stage is relatively long. It includes distinct changes occurring to the larva as well as within the larva, although the larva consistently exhibits 8 arms. In addition, it should be highlighted that the sequence of events taking place at the level of the larva compared to that occurring on the left side of the stomach to form the rudiment are heterochronic, meaning that differences are observed among individuals in the relative timing of these events. From the larval point of view, at that stage, on the anterior side, the dorsal arch has extended out of the oral hood, thereby forming two additional arms above the mouth, i.e. the preoral arms. In parallel, across the apex, the epaulettes have continued developing, thereby generating four large structures rich in cilia and perpendicular to the ventro-dorsal axis. At the tip of the apex, the suture of the body rods has also eventually ruptured, considerably enlarging the larval apex and reducing the angle between the postoral and posterodorsal arms. In parallel, inside the larva, the left coelomic pouch has also by now been partitioned into three parts: the axocoel (upper part, close to the esophagus), the hydrocoel (middle part) and the somatocoel (lower part, next to the stomach). Likewise, on the opposite side, the right coelomic pouch has also been partitioned into a right axohydrocoel and a right somatocoel, although the right axohydrocoel remains in a rudimentary state compared to its left counterparts. In addition, at the basis of the posterodorsal arm on the left side, a small portion of the ectoderm has thickened, invaginated, and came into contact with the left hydocoel. This structure is called the vestibule and together with the left hydrocoel and the left stomatocoel they have further subsequently fused to form the adult rudiment. The formation of the rudiment has overall taken some time, giving rise first to a pentaradial disc and then to a pentaradial complex structure harboring podia (i.e. tube feet) and spines. In parallel, on the right size of the larva, a variable number of pedicellariae (one to four) and endoskeletal elements (i.e. the five genital plates) have further formed, which will also later contribute to the composition of the adult body.
UBERON:0008265
Plut8a
8-arm pluteus larva stage
ecao_developmental_stage
The competent pluteus larva is mainly characterized morphologically by the presence, on the ventral size, of still 8 arms and by the presence on the left side of the stomach of the rudiment that is now the size of or even bigger than the stomach. The rudiment further harbors by now five long primary podia (i.e. tube feet), five quartets of definitive spines located between the primary podia and five pairs of immature spines at the basis of the primary podia, while on the opposite side, i.e. on the right side of the larva, five to seven immature spines have further developed, supported by the genital plates, along with one to four pedicaellariae. At the level of the larva, in parallel, the anterior and posterior pairs of epaulettes have also considerably increased in size by now and even fused dorsally to the hydropore and to the anus respectively, thereby leaving exempt of cilia two lateral fields in between them. At the center of the left lateral field, the vestibular roof has also by now ruptured and this opening has created the vestibular pore, through which some primary podia of the rudiment protrude outside the larva and scrutinize the substrate looking for the adequate cues to begin metamorphosis. At that stage, the larva is thus exhibiting a typical substrate-test behavior, going to the sea bottom and scrutinizing the substrate. This behavior is characteristic of a larva named competent to metamorphosis, which it will accomplish providing that it is adequately stimulated by environmental factors.
UBERON:0008265
Cpt8a
cPlut
competent pluteus larva stage
ecao_developmental_stage
The metamorphic larva stage consists essentially of the evagination of the echinoid rudiment. It is characterized by the execution of conspicuous and relatively abrupt physical changes that take place quite quickly, in about one hour, and during which the planktonic larva is transformed into a benthic juvenile. At that stage, the larva is settled on the substrate and is firmly attached to it by the primary podia of the rudiment. The ectodermal epithelium of its arms has started to collapse, making the spicules supporting the larval arms piercing through the epidermis. The larval mouth and anus have further closed, while in parallel, within the larva, the rudiment spines have lifted up thereby distending the vestibular wall and wide opening the vestibular pore. Following these movements, the rudiment has farther down accomplished and finalized its complete eversion, encapsulating the digestive tract and reaching the right side of the larval body. During this process, the genital plates and the associated pedicellariae and immature spines present on the right side of the larva have further completed the production of the aboral part of the adult body. At the end of metamorphosis, hence at the end of the metamorphic larva stage, the individual has thus become benthic, it is settled in the substrate, and it looks like an adult pentaradial sea urchin although it is smaller in size, deprived of a functional digestive system and sexually immature.
meta
metamorphosis
metamorphic larva stage
ecao_developmental_stage
Biological process during which changes occur in biological and psychological domains to generate a sexually mature animal.
adulthood
ecao_developmental_stage
Period during which a young individual, posing as a small adult, grows but remains unable to reproduce.
UBERON:0034919
juvenile period
ecao_developmental_stage
The early juvenile is morphologically similar to both the late rudiment and a miniature sea urchin adult. Like the rudiment, it harbors five primary podia (or tube feet), five quartet of definitive spines, five pairs of immature spines located at the basis of the primary podia, 5 to 7 immature spines supported by the genital plates as well as 1 to 4 pedicellariae. Like the adult, it displays a pentarial symmetry and is settled on the substrate. An early juvenile is about 300 µm in diameter. On its aboral side, it still exhibits some remaining larval rods and tissues, although these will soon disappear. In addition, the plates forming its endoskeleton are still rather light and porous making it looking relatively clear, although it bears lots of red-pigmented cells. However, the postlarva is still deprived of a mouth and an anus, hence of a functional digestive tract. The early juvenile is thus endotrophic, meaning that its growth and development solely relies on energy derived from internal sources. Furthermore, the early juvenile is sexually immature.
UBERON:0007021
endotrophic juvenile
postlarva
PLJuv
early juvenile stage
ecao_developmental_stage
The late juvenile really looks like a small adult. The plates of its endoskeleton have by now densified providing it with a dark shell. In addition, it has finally developed a functional digestive tract. The digestive tract inherited from the larva has indeed by now undergone a complete reorganization, progressively bending within the perivisceral cavity to form two successive loops. The buccal plates and the aristotle lantern have further finished developing, creating a new mouth that has opened on the oral side at the center of the aristotle's lantern, while a new anus has also opened in the periproct, i.e. at the center of the five genital plates. The late juvenile can thus feed and starts growing in size, by grazing on the substrate. The late juvenile is exotrophic, meaning that its growth and development rely on energy derived from external sources. In addition, the primary podia have started to regress by that stage and will eventually disappear, while secondary podia have emerged and are functional, allowing the juvenile to move. Similarly, the immature spines have also started to be lost and be replaced by definitive spines. The genital plate CD has further differentiated into the madreporite and sphaeridia have formed. However, this individual is still sexually immature.
UBERON:0007021
ExJuv
late juvenile stage
ecao_developmental_stage
Period during which the animal reaches sexual maturity.
UBERON:0000066
adult period
ecao_developmental_stage
This stage corresponds to a fully formed pentaradial sea urchin that has reached sexual maturity. The gonads have developed within the perivisceral cavity and are connected to the outside by the genital pores pierced into the genital plates. The young adult has grown up to about several centimeters in diameter and is now producing gametes. Time after fertilization is unknown, between several months to one year depending on the sea urchin species and the rate and type of feeding.
UBERON:0000113
gravid sea urchin
sexual mature sea urchin
adult stage
ecao_developmental_stage
The embryo is composed of about 800 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. The wall of the embryo is thinner and smoother than at previous stages. The vegetal plate has not formed. Many cells are ciliated but the embryo has not begun to rotate within the fertilization envelope. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: molecular labeling typically indicates the presence of 32 large micromere descendants and 4 small micromere descendants at this stage.
vLB
very late blastula stage
ecao_developmental_stage
Stage when the vegetal plate is apparent but primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) have not started to ingress. Embryos are motile due ciliary beating but have not completed hatching.
VP
vegetal plate stage
ecao_developmental_stage
open mouth stage
open mouth stage
ecao_developmental_stage
early prism stage
early prism stage
ecao_developmental_stage
late prism stage
late prism stage
ecao_developmental_stage
early pluteus stage
early pluteus stage
ecao_developmental_stage
early organogenesis stage
early organogenesis stage
ecao_developmental_stage
mid-organogenesis stage
mid-organogenesis stage
ecao_developmental_stage
late organogenesis stage
late organogenesis stage
ecao_developmental_stage
very late organogenesis stage
very late organogenesis stage
ecao_developmental_stage
mesenchyme blastula stage
mesenchyme blastula stage
ecao_developmental_stage
motile blastula stage
MotB
motile blastula stage
ecao_developmental_stage
invagination episode
invagination episode
ecao_developmental_stage
Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species.
UBERON:0001062
echinoderm anatomy
echinoderm_anatomy
Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome
UBERON:0000061
anatomical structure
echinoderm_anatomy
A system that has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity. Multicellular, connected anatomical structure that has multiple organs as parts and whose parts work together to achieve some shared function
UBERON:0000467
body system
connected anatomical system
organ system
anatomical system
echinoderm_anatomy
A region of the whole organism without well-defined compartmental boundaries
UBERON:0000475
organism subdivision
anatomical region
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0000464
anatomical space
echinoderm_anatomy
Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of one cell or more
whole organism
echinoderm_anatomy
Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of more than one cell
UBERON:0000468
multicellular organism
echinoderm_anatomy
Anatomical entity that comprises the animal in the early stages of growth and differentiation that are characterized by cleavage, the laying down of fundamental tissues, and the formation of primitive organs and organ systems
UBERON:0000922
embryo
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0002548
larva
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0034919
juvenile
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0007023
adult
echinoderm_anatomy
Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs devoted to the ingestion, digestion, and assimilation of food and the discharge of residual wastes.
UBERON:0001007
digestive system
echinoderm_anatomy
The gastrointestinal tract that is being formed during embryonic development starting with the formation of the primitive gut tube (or archenteron)
embryonic digestive system
echinoderm_anatomy
Organ system responsible for the food uptake and processing in the larva
larval digestive system
echinoderm_anatomy
juvenile digestive system
echinoderm_anatomy
Anatomical system that processes ingested substances in the adult
adult digestive system
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0002405
immune system
echinoderm_anatomy
embryonic immune system
echinoderm_anatomy
larval immune system
echinoderm_anatomy
juvenile immune system
echinoderm_anatomy
adult immune system
echinoderm_anatomy
Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with reproduction, i.e. the male and female gonads.
UBERON:0000990
reproductive system
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0001016
nervous system
echinoderm_anatomy
The sum of all the structures in the embryo that will develop into the larval nervous system
embryonic nervous system
echinoderm_anatomy
The sum of all the neural structures present in the larva
larval nervous system
echinoderm_anatomy
juvenile nervous system
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:6003559
adult nervous system
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0000383
muscular system
echinoderm_anatomy
larval muscular system
echinoderm_anatomy
juvenile muscular system
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:6003218
adult muscular system
echinoderm_anatomy
Internal support structure of an animal composed of mineralized tissue. It gives shape, support and protection to the body.
UBERON:0001434
endoskeleton
echinoderm_anatomy
embryonic endoskeleton
echinoderm_anatomy
larval endoskeleton
echinoderm_anatomy
skeletal rudiment
rudiment endoskeleton
echinoderm_anatomy
juvenile endoskeleton
echinoderm_anatomy
adult endoskeleton
echinoderm_anatomy
The water vascular system is a hydraulic system used by sea urchins for locomotion, food and waste transportation, and respiration. The system is composed of canals connecting numerous tube feet.
UBERON:0008251
water vascular system
echinoderm_anatomy
The hemal system contains the blood. It is composed of a complex network of vessels mainly located around the gut.
haemal system
hemal system
echinoderm_anatomy
Anatomical region that corresponds to the upper half of the embryo, which later is composed of the mesomeres, and ultimately encompasses the presumptive ectoderm
UBERON:0012284
upper half
upper hemisphere
animal half
animal hemisphere
echinoderm_anatomy
Anatomical region that corresponds to the lower half of the embryo, which later is composed of the macromeres and the micromeres, and ultimately encompasses the endoderm and mesoderm
UBERON:0012285
lower half
lower hemisphere
vegetal half
vegetal hemisphere
echinoderm_anatomy
cell cortex
echinoderm_anatomy
cleavage furrow
echinoderm_anatomy
Cell component comprising the outermost layer of the animal region of the oocyte. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins
animal cortex
echinoderm_anatomy
Cell component comprising the outermost layer of the vegetal region of the oocyte. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins
vegetal cortex
echinoderm_anatomy
The apical region of the animal hemisphere
animal pole
echinoderm_anatomy
The apical most region of the vegetal hemisphere. Once cleavages have started the vegetal pole is characterized by the presence of the micromeres initially and then that of the small micromeres
vegetal pole
echinoderm_anatomy
animal plate
anterior neuroectoderm
apical plate
neurogenic ectoderm
apical pole domain
animal pole domain
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0000100
blastopore
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:3010455
blastopore lip
echinoderm_anatomy
bottle cell
echinoderm_anatomy
embryonic cell
echinoderm_anatomy
vegetal plate
echinoderm_anatomy
Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane
cell
echinoderm_anatomy
Anatomical structure that is part of a cell and that has a granularity level equal to that of a protein complex or higher.
cell part
echinoderm_anatomy
Any of the organs or elements that are part of the digestive system
UBERON:0013765
digestive system element
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0004765
skeletal element
echinoderm_anatomy
Any anatomical structure that is part of an embryo
UBERON:0002050
embryonic structure
echinoderm_anatomy
Any anatomical structure that is part of a larva
larval structure
echinoderm_anatomy
Any anatomical structure that is part of a juvenile
juvenile structure
echinoderm_anatomy
Any anatomical structure that is part of an adult
adult structure
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0000479
tissue
echinoderm_anatomy
imaginal adult rudiment
adult rudiment
rudiment
echinoderm_anatomy
rudiment structure
echinoderm_anatomy
non-rudiment adult structure
echinoderm_anatomy
intracellular part
echinoderm_anatomy
cytoskeleton
echinoderm_anatomy
microtubule
echinoderm_anatomy
A membrane-bounded organelle of in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, it contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent
nucleus
echinoderm_anatomy
A female haploid germ cell.
oocyte
echinoderm_anatomy
The enlarged, fluid filled nucleus of a primary oocyte, the development of which is suspended in prophase I of the first meiotic division between embryohood and sexual maturity
germinal vesicle
echinoderm_anatomy
The subequatorial accumulation of pigment granules (the so-called ‘pigment band’) in eggs or early stage embryos, which constitutes an unambiguous marker of animal-vegetal polarity
pigmented band
pigment band
equatorial pigment band
echinoderm_anatomy
All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures
cytoplasm
echinoderm_anatomy
centrosome
echinoderm_anatomy
mitotic spindle
echinoderm_anatomy
meiotic spindle
echinoderm_anatomy
A structure that lies outside the plasma membrane and surrounds the egg. The fertilization envelope forms from the vitelline membrane after fertilization as a result of cortical granule release
fertilization membrane
fertilization envelope
echinoderm_anatomy
A mature male germ cell
male gamete
mature sperm cell
spermatozoa
spermatozoan
sperm
spermatozoid
echinoderm_anatomy
mitotic aster
spindle aster
aster
echinoderm_anatomy
spermatozoid aster
sperm aster
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0005764
acellular membrane
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0003125
vitelline envelope
vitelline layer
vitelline membrane
echinoderm_anatomy
hyaline membrane
hyaline layer
echinoderm_anatomy
microvillus
echinoderm_anatomy
fibropellin layer
apical lamina
echinoderm_anatomy
secretory vesicle
echinoderm_anatomy
cilium
echinoderm_anatomy
filopodium
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0000482
basal lamina
echinoderm_anatomy
basal vesicle
basal lamina vesicle
basal laminar vesicle
echinoderm_anatomy
apical vesicle
echinoderm_anatomy
cortical vesicle
cortical granule
echinoderm_anatomy
echinonectin granule
nectosome
echinonectin vesicle
echinoderm_anatomy
mitochondrion
echinoderm_anatomy
actin cytoskeleton
echinoderm_anatomy
F-actin filament
microfilament
actin filament
echinoderm_anatomy
nuclear part
echinoderm_anatomy
nucleoplasm
echinoderm_anatomy
nuclear envelope
echinoderm_anatomy
endoplasmic reticulum
echinoderm_anatomy
spermatozoid entry point
echinoderm_anatomy
cell membrane
plasma membrane
echinoderm_anatomy
A small cell formed by the meiotic division of an oocyte
polar body
echinoderm_anatomy
sperm part
spermatozoid part
echinoderm_anatomy
The part of the late spermatid or spermatozoon that contains the nucleus and acrosome.
spermatozoid head
echinoderm_anatomy
A microtubule-based flagellum (or cilium) that is part of a sperm, a mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid
sperm tail
spermatozoid flagellum
echinoderm_anatomy
An organelle that develops over the anterior half of the head in the spermatozoa
acrosome
acrosomal vesicle
echinoderm_anatomy
presumptive primordial germ cell
small micromere descendant cell
echinoderm_anatomy
presumptive primordial germ cell
echinoderm_anatomy
primordial germ cell
echinoderm_anatomy
germ cell
echinoderm_anatomy
gamete
echinoderm_anatomy
immature egg
immature occyte
echinoderm_anatomy
A mature female gamet that has entered meiosis.
female gamete
female germ cell
unfertilized egg
egg
mature oocyte
echinoderm_anatomy
An undifferentiated cell produced by early cleavages of the fertilized egg (zygote)
blastoderm cell
blastomere
echinoderm_anatomy
blastomere of 2-cell embryo
echinoderm_anatomy
blastomere of 4-cell embryo
echinoderm_anatomy
Intermediate size blastomere forming the animal hemisphere of the cleaving embryo
mesomeres
mesomere
echinoderm_anatomy
Larger blastomere of the vegetal hemisphere of the cleaving embryo located below the equator
macromeres
macromere
echinoderm_anatomy
blastomere tier
cell tier
echinoderm_anatomy
macromere daughter cell tier
echinoderm_anatomy
Small blastomere of the vegetal hemisphere of the cleaving embryo located at to the vegetal pole
micromeres
micromere
echinoderm_anatomy
large micromere
echinoderm_anatomy
presumptive PMC
presumptive primary mesenchyme cell
presumptive skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
large micromere progeny
large micromere descendant cell
echinoderm_anatomy
SM
small micromere
echinoderm_anatomy
A progenitor cell of the nervous system that will develop into a neuron
neuronal progenitor cell
presumptive neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
animal pole domain neuronal progenitor cell
apical pole domain presumptive neuron
animal pole domain presumptive neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
ectoderm neuronal progenitor cell
ectoderm presumptive neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
ciliary band neuronal progenitor cell
ciliary band presumptive neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
endoderm associated neuronal progenitor cell
endoderm associated presumptive neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
nerve cell
neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
larval neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
serotonergic neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
synaptotagmin-B neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
dopaminergic neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
GABAergic neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
sensory cell
sensory neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
biopolar neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
multipolar neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
neuronal structure
neural structure
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0001018
axon bundle
axonal tract
axon tract
echinoderm_anatomy
peripheral neuron
ciliary band neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
Primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryo's three germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue.
UBERON:0000924
ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
presumptive ciliary band cell
echinoderm_anatomy
endoderm associated neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0000045
ganglion
echinoderm_anatomy
apical organ
apical ganglion
echinoderm_anatomy
adult neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
circumoral nerve ring
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0000429
digestive nerve plexus
enteric plexus
enteric nerve plexus
echinoderm_anatomy
radial nerve cord
echinoderm_anatomy
primary podia associated neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
secondary podia associated neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
definitive spine associated neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
pedicellaria associated neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
basiepidermal nerve plexus
echinoderm_anatomy
Group of four cells of equal size forming the animal hemisphere of an eight-cell stage embryo
animal quartet
echinoderm_anatomy
Group of four cells of equal size forming the vegetal hemisphere of an eight-cell stage embryo
vegetal quartet
echinoderm_anatomy
an1
animal tier 1
echinoderm_anatomy
an2
animal tier 2
echinoderm_anatomy
ectoendoderm
veg1
vegetal tier 1
echinoderm_anatomy
endomesoderm
veg2
vegetal tier 2
echinoderm_anatomy
presumptive vegetal ectoderm
veg1 upper
veg1U
vegetal tier 1 upper
echinoderm_anatomy
veg1 lower
veg1L
vegetal tier 1 lower
echinoderm_anatomy
veg2 upper
veg2U
vegetal tier 2 upper
echinoderm_anatomy
presumptive non-skeletogenic mesoderm
veg2 lower
veg2L
vegetal tier 2 lower
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0000923
embryonic germ layer
primary germ layer
germ layer
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0005291
embryonic tissue
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0006601
presumptive ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
animal ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
vegetal ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
oral ectoderm
ventral ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
aboral ectoderm
dorsal ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
veg1
vegetal tier 1
ectoendoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
mesoendoderm
veg2
vegetal tier 2
endomesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
inner apical pole domain
inner animal pole domain
echinoderm_anatomy
outer apical pole domain
outer animal pole domain
echinoderm_anatomy
central ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
BE
border ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
near-apical ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
apical ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
veg1-lateral ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
veg-1 oral ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
lateral ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
right lateral ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
left lateral ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
arm tip ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
dorsal arm tip ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
ventral arm tip ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
apical tuft
echinoderm_anatomy
larval tissue
echinoderm_anatomy
rudiment tissue
echinoderm_anatomy
juvenile tissue
echinoderm_anatomy
adult tissue
echinoderm_anatomy
presumptive stomodeum
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0000930
presumptive mouth
stomodeum
echinoderm_anatomy
ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
oral hood ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
arm ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
animal pole ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
vegetal ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
lateral ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
PL
preoral lobe
oh
oral hood
echinoderm_anatomy
apex
echinoderm_anatomy
larval arm
echinoderm_anatomy
ALA
AL
right anterolateral arm
echinoderm_anatomy
ALA
AL
left anterolateral arm
echinoderm_anatomy
PO
right postoral arm
echinoderm_anatomy
PO
left postoral arm
echinoderm_anatomy
PD
right posterodorsal arm
echinoderm_anatomy
PD
left posterodorsal arm
echinoderm_anatomy
PRO
PR
right preoral arm
echinoderm_anatomy
PRO
PR
left preoral arm
echinoderm_anatomy
spicule rudiment
echinoderm_anatomy
spicule dot
spicule granule
echinoderm_anatomy
spicule primordium
triradiate spicule rudiment
echinoderm_anatomy
triradiate spicule
right ventrolateral triradiate spicule rudiment
echinoderm_anatomy
left ventrolateral triradiate spicule rudiment
echinoderm_anatomy
hexaradiate spicule
hexaradiate spicule rudiment
echinoderm_anatomy
A triradiate or hexaradiate minute calcareous skeletal element that initiates most if not all skeletal structures found within the sea urchin embryo, larva and adult.
primary triradiate skeletal rudiment
larval spicule
echinoderm_anatomy
The embryonic tissue made up of loosely connected mesoderm cells that will produce all of the skeletal elements.
primary mesenchyme
SM
embryonic skeletogenic mesenchyme
echinoderm_anatomy
spicule rod
skeletal rod
echinoderm_anatomy
anonymous rod
echinoderm_anatomy
right anonymous rod
echinoderm_anatomy
left anonymous rod
echinoderm_anatomy
right dorsoventral connecting rod
echinoderm_anatomy
right anterolateral rod
echinoderm_anatomy
left dorsoventral connecting rod
echinoderm_anatomy
left anterolateral rod
echinoderm_anatomy
right postoral rod
echinoderm_anatomy
left postoral rod
echinoderm_anatomy
right posterodorsal rod
echinoderm_anatomy
left posterodorsal rod
echinoderm_anatomy
dorsal arch
echinoderm_anatomy
right preoral rod
echinoderm_anatomy
left preoral rod
echinoderm_anatomy
right ventral transverse rod
echinoderm_anatomy
left ventral transverse rod
echinoderm_anatomy
posterior tip of body rod
echinoderm_anatomy
body rod end
scheitel
echinoderm_anatomy
body rod
echinoderm_anatomy
left body rod
echinoderm_anatomy
right body rod
echinoderm_anatomy
posterior tip of left body rod
echinoderm_anatomy
posteror tip of right body rod
echinoderm_anatomy
right recurrent rod
echinoderm_anatomy
left recurrent rod
echinoderm_anatomy
posterior transverse rod
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0000165
mouth
echinoderm_anatomy
larval mouth
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0001245
anus
echinoderm_anatomy
larval anus
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0006595
prospective endoderm
presumptive endoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0000925
endoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0004735
primitive gut
embryonic gut
archenteron
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0001046
hindgut
echinoderm_anatomy
dorsal hindgut
echinoderm_anatomy
ventral hindgut
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0001045
midgut
echinoderm_anatomy
ventral midgut
echinoderm_anatomy
dorsal midgut
echinoderm_anatomy
anterior midgut
echinoderm_anatomy
posterior midgut
echinoderm_anatomy
anterior hindgut
echinoderm_anatomy
posterior hindgut
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0001041
tip of the digestive tract
foregut
echinoderm_anatomy
ventral foregut
echinoderm_anatomy
dorsal foregut
echinoderm_anatomy
anterior foregut
echinoderm_anatomy
posterior foregut
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:3010432
archenteron roof
tip of archenteron
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0006603
prospective mesoderm
presumptive mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0000926
mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The subset of the embryonic mesoderm that will later give rise to the skeletogenic mesenchyme and embryonic skeleton.
embryonic skeletogenic mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
primary mesenchyme cell
PMC
embryonic skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
multinucleated cell
syncytial cell
syncytium
multinucleate cell
syncytium
echinoderm_anatomy
Anatomical structure composed of skeletogenic mesenchyme cells that have fused to form a single syncytial network.
embryonic skeletogenic mesenchyme syncytium
echinoderm_anatomy
PMC ring
primary mesenchyme cell ring
subequatorial PMC ring
subequatorial SM ring
subequatorial primary mesenchyme cell ring
SM ring
subequatorial skeletogenic mesenchyme ring
echinoderm_anatomy
Subpopulation of skeletogenic mesenchyme forming a chain on the oral (i.e. ventral) side of the embryo.
ventral skeletogenic mesenchyme chain
echinoderm_anatomy
Subpopulation of skeletogenic mesenchyme forming a chain on the aboral (i.e. dorsal) side of the embryo.
dorsal skeletogenic mesenchyme chain
echinoderm_anatomy
Subpopulation of skeletogenic mesenchyme forming a cluster (i.e. a group of cells) in the ventrolateral region of the embryo.
right ventrolateral skeletogenic mesenchyme cluster
echinoderm_anatomy
left ventrolateral skeletogenic mesenchyme cluster
echinoderm_anatomy
Subpopulation of skeletogenic mesenchyme forming a chain on either side of the developing digestive tract, along the blastocoel wall and towards the animal pole.
lateral chain of skeletogenic mesenchyme
echinoderm_anatomy
Subpopulation of skeletogenic mesenchyme forming a chain along the blastocoel wall towards the animal pole on the right side of the embryo.
right lateral chain of skeletogenic mesenchyme
echinoderm_anatomy
Subpopulation of skeletogenic mesenchyme forming a chain along the blastocoel wall towards the animal pole on the left side of the embryo.
left lateral chain of skeletogenic mesenchyme
echinoderm_anatomy
embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
ventral non-skeletogenic mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
dorsal non-skeletogenic mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
NSM
secondary mesenchyme
embryonic non-skeletogenic mesenchyme
echinoderm_anatomy
secondary mesenchyme cell
SMC
embryonic non-skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
larval non-skeletogenic mesenchyme
echinoderm_anatomy
larval non-skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
presumptive blastocoelar cell
echinoderm_anatomy
presumptive immunocyte
presumptive pigmented cell
presumptive pigment cell
echinoderm_anatomy
a cell that contains red coloring matter
pigmented immunocyte
pigmented cell
pigment cell
echinoderm_anatomy
embryonic pigment cell
echinoderm_anatomy
larval pigment cell
echinoderm_anatomy
juvenile pigment cell
echinoderm_anatomy
rudiment pigment cell
echinoderm_anatomy
blastocoelar cell
echinoderm_anatomy
globular cell
echinoderm_anatomy
filopodial cell
echinoderm_anatomy
ovoid cell
echinoderm_anatomy
amoeboid cell
echinoderm_anatomy
presumptive muscle cell
muscle precursor cell
echinoderm_anatomy
muscle
echinoderm_anatomy
contractile muscle
larval muscle
echinoderm_anatomy
rudiment muscle
echinoderm_anatomy
juvenile muscle
echinoderm_anatomy
adult muscle
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0000090
blastocoel
echinoderm_anatomy
sphincter
echinoderm_anatomy
midgut-hindgut constriction
pyloric sphincter
echinoderm_anatomy
foregut-midgut constriction
cardiac sphincter
echinoderm_anatomy
hindgut-ectoderm constriction
anal sphincter
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0004590
sphincter muscle
echinoderm_anatomy
myoepithelial cell
sphincter muscle cell
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0001202
pyloric sphincter
pyloric sphincteric muscle
echinoderm_anatomy
cardiac sphincter
cardiac sphincteric muscle
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0004916
anal sphincter
anal sphincteric muscle
echinoderm_anatomy
larval esophagus
echinoderm_anatomy
circumesophageal muscle
echinoderm_anatomy
presumptive circumesophageal muscle cell
circumesophageal muscle cell
echinoderm_anatomy
larval stomach
echinoderm_anatomy
larval intestine
echinoderm_anatomy
The mesenchyme cells that produce new skeletal elements (i.e., the posterodorsal rods, dorsal arch, and preoral rods) in the larva after feeding begins
larval skeletogenic mesenchyme
echinoderm_anatomy
larval skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0011997
coelom
echinoderm_anatomy
unpaired coelomic rudiment
unpaired coelomic pouch
echinoderm_anatomy
right coelomic pouch
echinoderm_anatomy
left coelomic sac
left coelomic pouch
echinoderm_anatomy
right coelomic constriction
echinoderm_anatomy
left coelomic constriction
echinoderm_anatomy
larval epithelium
echinoderm_anatomy
amniotic sac
vestibule
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0002424
circumoral ectoderm
circumoral epithelium
oral epidermis
oral epithelium
echinoderm_anatomy
aboral epithelium
echinoderm_anatomy
The left lateral field is the lateral field located on the left side of the larva
left lateral field
echinoderm_anatomy
Opening located in the left lateral field
vestibular pore
echinoderm_anatomy
anterior coelom
axocoel
echinoderm_anatomy
left axocoel
echinoderm_anatomy
axial coelom
echinoderm_anatomy
central coelom
hydrocoel
echinoderm_anatomy
posterior coelom
somatocoel
echinoderm_anatomy
left hydrocoel
echinoderm_anatomy
left somatocoel
echinoderm_anatomy
anterior sac
right axohydrocoel
echinoderm_anatomy
right somatocoel
echinoderm_anatomy
axial complex
echinoderm_anatomy
stone canal
echinoderm_anatomy
ring canal
echinoderm_anatomy
radial canal
echinoderm_anatomy
hydropore canal
primary pore canal
echinoderm_anatomy
hydropore
echinoderm_anatomy
right axocoel
echinoderm_anatomy
right hydrocoel
echinoderm_anatomy
axial sinus
echinoderm_anatomy
axial organ
echinoderm_anatomy
dorsal sac
echinoderm_anatomy
ciliated epaulette
echinoderm_anatomy
anterior ciliated epaulette
echinoderm_anatomy
posterior ciliated epaulette
echinoderm_anatomy
The lateral field is located in the aboral ectoderm of the larva. It separates the anterior and posterior pairs of epaulettes
lateral field
echinoderm_anatomy
The right lateral field is the lateral field located on the right side of the larva
right lateral field
echinoderm_anatomy
ambulacral plate
echinoderm_anatomy
The mesenchyme cells that produce biomineralized elements (e.g., spines, test plates, and teeth) in the juvenile and adult.
adult skeletogenic mesenchyme
echinoderm_anatomy
int
interambulacral plate
echinoderm_anatomy
ambulacra
echinoderm_anatomy
interambulacra
echinoderm_anatomy
genital plate
echinoderm_anatomy
appendage
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0008261
pedicellaria
echinoderm_anatomy
terminal plate
ocular plate
echinoderm_anatomy
buccal plate
echinoderm_anatomy
genital plate AB
echinoderm_anatomy
genital plate BC
echinoderm_anatomy
genital plate CD
echinoderm_anatomy
genital plate DE
echinoderm_anatomy
genital plate EA
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0008247
tube foot
podia
echinoderm_anatomy
primary tube foot
primary podia
echinoderm_anatomy
disk of primary podia
echinoderm_anatomy
secondary tube foot
secondary podia
echinoderm_anatomy
disk of secondary podia
echinoderm_anatomy
buccal podia
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0008260
spine appendage
spine
echinoderm_anatomy
splayed spines
juvenile spine
echinoderm_anatomy
adult spine
definitive spine
echinoderm_anatomy
sphaeridium
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0008252
tube foot ampulla
ampulla
echinoderm_anatomy
adult mouth
echinoderm_anatomy
adult anus
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0008253
Aristotles lantern
echinoderm_anatomy
tooth
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0009476
madreporite
echinoderm_anatomy
genital pore
gonopore
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0000991
gonad
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0000992
ovary
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0000473
testis
echinoderm_anatomy
juvenile digestive tract
echinoderm_anatomy
adult digestive tract
echinoderm_anatomy
UBERON:0002095
mesentery
echinoderm_anatomy
perivisceral cavity
echinoderm_anatomy
photoreceptor cell
photosensory cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A population of embryonic cells that share a common developmental fate or program of gene expression and comprising a region that lacks clear morphological boundaries
embryonic territory
echinoderm_anatomy
A multicellular organism that existence_ends_with a post-juvenile adult stage and existence_starts_with a post-juvenile adult stage.
UBERON:0007023
adult organism
echinoderm_anatomy
The muscle system of the embryo.
embryonic muscular system
echinoderm_anatomy
A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support, biochemical or biomechanical cues for cells or tissues.
extracellular matrix
echinoderm_anatomy
A blastomere of an 8-cell embryo.
blastomere of 8-cell embryo
echinoderm_anatomy
A blastomere of a 16-cell embryo.
blastomere of 16-cell embryo
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that will develop into a neuron of the animal pole domain.
animal pole domain neuronal progenitor cell
apical pole domain presumptive neuron
presumptive animal pole domain neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
An ectodermal cell that will develop into a neuron.
ectoderm neuronal progenitor cell
presumptive ectoderm neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that will develop into a neuron of the ciliary band.
ciliary band neuronal progenitor cell
presumptive ciliary band neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
An endodermal cell that will develop into a neuron.
endoderm-ssociated neuronal progenitor cell
presumptive endodermal neuron
presumptive endoderm-associated neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
A neuron located near the base of an oral arm and outside the ciliary band.
postoral neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that will give rise to a postoral neuron.
presumptive postoral neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
A neuron that produces the synaptotagmin-B protein.
synaptotagmin-positive neuron
synaptotagmin- B neuron
synaptotagmin-B-expressing neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
A neuron that produces the nitric oxide synthase protein.
nitric oxide synthase-expressing neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
A neuron that uses acetylcholine as a vesicular neurotransmitter.
cholinergic neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
A neuron that uses both acetylcholine and catecholamines as vesicular neurotransmitters.
catecholaminergic/cholinergic neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
A neuron derived from endoderm.
endodermal neuron
endoderm-associated neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
One of two bilateral ganglia that arise in the oral ectoderm near the ciliary band.
lateral ganglion
echinoderm_anatomy
The lateral ganglion that forms on the right side of the embryo.
right lateral ganglion
echinoderm_anatomy
The lateral ganglion that forms on the left side of the embryo.
left lateral ganglion
echinoderm_anatomy
The part of the blastula that will give rise to ventral ectoderm.
presumptive oral ectoderm
presumptive ventral ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The part of the blastula that will give rise to dorsal ectoderm.
presumptive aboral ectoderm
presumptive dorsal ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A dynamic terriritory within the prospective ectoderm of the early embryo, located at the anterior (animal) end of the embryo and shaped by Wnt signaling, that contains cells with neurogenic potential.
ANE
animal ectoderm
anterior neuroectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A dynamic territory within the prospective ectoderm of the early embryo, located between the anterior neuroectoderm and the endomesoderm.
equatorial ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The innermost part of the anterior neuroectoderm, immediately surrounding the animal pole.
inner apical pole domain
inner ANE
inner anterior neuroectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A torus shaped region comprising the outer part of the anterior neuroectoderm.
outer apical pole domain
outer ANE
outer anterior neuroectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A region of the ectoderm derived from the animal hemisphere (i.e., mesomere descendants) and located just above the equator on the ventral side of the embryo.
central oral ectoderm
central ventral ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A region of the ectoderm derived from the animal hemisphere (i.e., mesomere descendants) and located between the central ventral ectoderm and the animal pole domain on the ventral side of the embryo.
near apical ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A region of border ectoderm located on a lateral surface of the embryo.
lateral BE
veg1 lateral ectoderm
lateral border ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A region of border ectoderm located on the ventral side of the embryo.
oral BE
oral border ectoderm
ventral BE
veg1 oral ectoderm
ventral border ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A region of border ectoderm located on the dorsal side of the embryo.
aboral BE
aboral border ectoderm
dorsal BE
veg1 aboral ectoderm
dorsal border ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A region of ectoderm derived from the animal hemisphere and located laterally at the boundary between hte ventral and dorsal ectoderm; this region overlaps with part of the prospective ciliary band.
animal lateral ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The animal lateral ectoderm on the right side of the embryo.
right animal lateral ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The animal lateral ectoderm on the left side of the embryo.
left animal lateral ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A portion of the ectoderm located at the tip of a postoral arm.
postoral arm tip ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A portion of the ectoderm located at the tip of the right postoral arm.
right postoral arm tip ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A portion of the ectoderm located at the tip of the left postoral arm.
left postoral arm tip ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The cells that will give rise to the ciliary band.
presumptive ciliated band
presumptive ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
An elongated extension of the embryo on the ventral side, supported by a simple or fenestrated skeletal rod and often covered in part by a ciliary band. Arms develop in bilaterally symmetrical pairs.
arm
echinoderm_anatomy
A type of arm that projects from the oral hood; forms after the postoral arms appear and prior to the appearance of the preoral and posterodorsal arms.
anterolateral arm
echinoderm_anatomy
A type of arm that forms between the equator and the posterior pole, near the position of the skeletal rudiment; the first type of arm to appear.
postoral arm
echinoderm_anatomy
A rod that forms by the branching or pronounced curving of the anterior tip of a dorsoventral connecting rod and that projects ventrally from the oral hood, supporting an anterolateral arm.
anterolateral rod
echinoderm_anatomy
A rod that forms by the branching of the anonymous rod and projects ventrally, supporting a postoral arm.
postoral rod
echinoderm_anatomy
A rod that initially forms as one of the three arms of the embryonic triradiate spicule rudiment; this rod extends toward the animal pole before branching or curving to form the anterolateral rod and, in some species, the recurrent rod.
dorsoventral connecting rod
echinoderm_anatomy
A rod that initially forms as one of the three arms of the embryonic triradiate spicule rudiment; this rod projects toward the ventral midline and ceases growth early in development without branching.
ventral transverse rod
echinoderm_anatomy
The growing tip of the body rod as it extends dorsally.
distal tip of body rod
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of the body rod that forms on the right side of the embryo.
distal tip of right body rod
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of the body rod that forms on the left side of the embryo..
distal tip of left body rod
echinoderm_anatomy
A rod that forms from the branching of a dorsoventral transverse rod and extends dorsally.
recurrent rod
echinoderm_anatomy
The part of the embryonic presumptive mesoderm that will later give rise to the skeletogenic mesenchyme and embryonic skeleton.
presumptive embryonic skeletogenic mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A cluster of skeletogenic cell bodies that forms in the ventrolateral region of the subequatorial skeletogenic mesenchyme ring; one triradiate spicule rudiment will form in each of two ventrolateral clusters.
ventrolateral skeletogenic mesenchyme cluster
echinoderm_anatomy
Embryonic cells tin the epithelial wall of the vegetal plate or the archenteron that will give rise to mesodermal derivatives other than skeleton.
NSM
presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm on the ventral side of the embryo.
ventral presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm on the dorsal side of the embryo.
dorsal presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that will give rise to a muscle cell.
muscle precursor cell
presumptive muscle cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that is part of a muscle.
muscle cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The inner, extracellular space between blastomeres of the cleavage stage embryo that will gradually expand and form the blastocoel.
presumptive blastocoel
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that is part of the pyloric sphincter.
pyloric sphincter muscle cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that is part of the cardiac sphincter.
cardiac sphincter muscle cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that is part of the anal sphincter.
UBERON:0004916
anal pore muscle cell
anal sphincter muscle cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A strand of mesenchyme cells that extends from the left coelom to the ectoderm and that will give rise to the primary pore canal.
presumptive hydropore canal
primary pore canal rudiment
echinoderm_anatomy
An evagination of the midgut that will contribute to the coelom.
posterior enterocoel
echinoderm_anatomy
In species with a posterior enterocoel, the left coelomic pouch that evaginates from the unpaired coelomic pouch at the anterior end of the archenteron.
left anterior coelomic pouch
echinoderm_anatomy
In species with a posterior enterocoel, the right coelomic pouch that evaginates from the unpaired coelomic pouch at the anterior end of the archenteron.
right anterior coelomic pouch
echinoderm_anatomy
In species with two separate ciliary bands, a ciliary band that surrounds the anterior-ventral end of the embryo, anterior to the mouth.
preoral ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
In species with two separate ciliary bands, a ciliary band that surrounds the posterior-dorsal end of the embryo, posterior to the mouth.
postoral ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
An anatomical structure that is a subdivision of a tissue, a germ layer, or an organ of the whole organism but with well-defined morphological boundaries.
anatomical object
anatomical element
echinoderm_anatomy
A diploid cell produced by the fusion of a male and a female gamete at fertilization. It constitutes the first stage of the embryogenesis life cycle phase.
1-cell
fertilized egg
zygote
echinoderm_anatomy
A multicellular organism at an early stage of development characterized by cleavage. It includes all forms of the cleavage period during the embryogenesis life cycle phase (i.e., from first cleavage to before the formation of the blastula).
cleaving embryo
cleavage embryo
echinoderm_anatomy
A multicellular organism at an early stage of development corresponding to a hollow, spherical, multicellular, monolayered embryo with a hollow cavity (the blastocoel) in the center. It includes all forms of the blastula period during the embryogenesis life cycle phase.
morula
blastula
echinoderm_anatomy
A multicellular organism at an early stage of development characterized by morphogenetic movements. It includes all forms of the gastrula period during the embryogenesis life cycle phase.
gastrulating embryo
gastrula
echinoderm_anatomy
A multicellular organism the existence of which starts at fertilization and ends with metamorphosis. It includes all forms during the embryogenesis and larval development life cycle phases.
pre-metamorphosing organism
pre-metamorphic organism
echinoderm_anatomy
A multicellular organism the existence of which starts upon the opening of the mouth and ends with death. It includes all forms during the larval development and adulthood life cycle phases.
post-embryonic organism
echinoderm_anatomy
A multicellular organism the existence of which starts with gamete production and ends with death.
post-juvenile adult
sexually mature adult
mature adult
echinoderm_anatomy
A portion of an embryo (or a population of embryonic cells) that is characterized by a common developmental fate or a common gene expression program but lacks any clear morphological boundaries.
embryonic territory
embryonic region
echinoderm_anatomy
A portion of a larva (or a population of larval cells) that is characterized by a common developmental fate or a common gene expression program but lacks any clear morphological boundaries.
larval territory
larval region
echinoderm_anatomy
A population of cells that, throughout the embryogenesis and larval development life cycle phases, is characterized by a common developmental fate or a common gene expression program but lacks any clear morphological boundaries.
pre-metamorphic territory
pre-metamorphic organism region
echinoderm_anatomy
A multicellular anatomical structure made of several tissues, performing a specific function or group of functions.
organ
echinoderm_anatomy
A tissue that is present in a pre-metamorphic organism.
pre-metamorphic organism tissue
echinoderm_anatomy
An anatomical structure that is part of a pre-metamorphic organism.
pre-metamorphic organism structure
echinoderm_anatomy
The immune system of a pre-metamorphic organism.
pre-metamorphic organism immune system
echinoderm_anatomy
An anatomical reproductive system that is present in a female multicellular organism.
female reproductive system
echinoderm_anatomy
An anatomical reproductive system that is present in a male multicellular organism.
male reproductive system
echinoderm_anatomy
The neurons and glial cells constituting the nervous system of a pre-metamorphic organism.
pre-metamorphic organism nervous system
echinoderm_anatomy
The endoskeleton of a pre-metamorphic organism.
pre-metamorphic organism skeleton
pre-metamorphic organism endoskeleton
echinoderm_anatomy
A specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular matrix is mineralized and that functions in mechanical and structural support.
skeletal tissue
echinoderm_anatomy
One of two hemispheres of an embryo.
hemisphere of embryo
embryonic hemisphere
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell tier present in the animal hemisphere of an embryo.
animal blastomere tier
animal cell tier
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell tier present in the vegetal hemisphere of an embryo.
vegetal blastomere tier
vegetal cell tier
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of a cell bearing surface projections such as axons, filopodia, dendrites, cilia, or flagella that includes the nucleus, but excludes all cell projections.
cell body
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that is within the developmental lineage of gametes and is able to pass along its genetic material to offspring.
germline cell
germ line stem cell
germ line cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A germ cell that supports female gamete production.
female germ cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A germ cell that supports male gamete production.
male germ cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The reproductive haploid, mature sexual reproductive cell of a multicellular organism.
gamete
mature germ cell
echinoderm_anatomy
An immature oocyte that is diploid and has not completed female meiosis I.
primary oocyte
echinoderm_anatomy
An immature oocyte that is haploid but has not completed female meiosis II.
secondary oocyte
echinoderm_anatomy
An euploid male germ cell of an early stage of spermatogenesis. It is morphologically unlike spermatocytes and spermatids.
spermatogonium
echinoderm_anatomy
A male germ cell that develops from spermatogonia.
spermatocyte
echinoderm_anatomy
A male germ cell that develops from spermatocytes.
spermatid
echinoderm_anatomy
An intracellular anatomical structure in which the male chromosomes are housed.
male germ cell nucleus
sperm nucleus
spermatozoid nucleus
echinoderm_anatomy
An intracellular anatomical structure in which the female chromosomes are housed.
female germ cell nucleus
female nucleus
oocyte nucleus
echinoderm_anatomy
Any constituent part of a cell that is either an immaterial entity or a material entity with granularity above the level of a protein complex but below that of an anatomical structure.
cell part
cellular anatomical entity
echinoderm_anatomy
A component of a cell contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane. It includes as examples the nucleus, mitochondria, vesicles, and the cytoskeleton.
organelle
intracellular part
intracellular anatomical structure
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells of a multicellular organism.
cell-cell junction
echinoderm_anatomy
A strong cell-cell junction usually found in tissue that experience intense mechanical stress.
spot desmosome
desmosome
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell-cell junction that forms a continuous band around each cell in an epithelium.
spetate desmosome
septate junction
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell-cell junction composed of the epithelial cadherin-catenin complex.
adherens junction
echinoderm_anatomy
The part of the cytoskeleton composed of microtubules and associated proteins.
microtubule cytoskeleton
echinoderm_anatomy
A component of a cytoskeleton consisting of a homo or heteropolymeric fiber constructed from an indeterminate number of protein subunits.
fiber
polymeric cytoskeletal fiber
protein filament
filament
echinoderm_anatomy
The either end of a spindle, from where the spindle microtubules emanate.
spindle pole
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle region of an oocyte or a zygote, which comprises the most basal portion of the animal and vegetal hemispheres.
equator
equator region
echinoderm_anatomy
A multisubunit complex that is located on chromosomes and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules.
kinetochore
echinoderm_anatomy
A cilium that develops on the apical surface of a cell.
apical cilium
echinoderm_anatomy
A cilium of short size exhibiting motility thanks to the molecular motors it contains. In echinoderms, short motile cilia are encountered on the outer surface of the developing embryo as well as in the developing and developed digestive tract of embryos and larvae.
short motile cilium
echinoderm_anatomy
A cilium of long size that does not contain molecular motors and as such does not exhibit any beating movement. In some echinoderms, long immotile cilia are found, when present, at the animal pole of embryos and constitute the apical tuft.
elongated cilium
long non-motile cilium
long immotile cilium
echinoderm_anatomy
A sheet-like cellular projection that is supported by an ordered network of actin filaments and that is involved in cellular motility and syncytium formation.
lamellipodia
filopodial cable
echinoderm_anatomy
A small, dense body present in the nucleus of cells and that is rich in RNA and protein, not bounded by a limiting membrane, and not seen during mitosis.
nucleolus
echinoderm_anatomy
A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information.
chromosome
echinoderm_anatomy
An undifferentiated cell part of the animal hemisphere of an embryo.
animal blastomere
echinoderm_anatomy
An undifferentiated cell part of the vegetal hemisphere of an embryo.
vegetal blastomere
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell derived from a macromere through cell division.
macromere descendant cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The inner, extracellular space between blastomeres of the cleavage stage embryos that will gradually expand and form the blastocoel.
presumptive blastocoel
echinoderm_anatomy
The most apical region of the blastocoel.
blastocoel roof
echinoderm_anatomy
The region of the blastocoel comprised in the middle region of the embryo, below the blastocoel roof.
blastocoel wall
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell part of the ectoderm germ layer.
ectodermal cell
ectoderm cell
echinoderm_anatomy
An epithelium derived from ectoderm and constituting the outermost protective layer of an embryo, a larva, or an adult.
epidermis
echinoderm_anatomy
A tissue that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina.
epithelium
echinoderm_anatomy
The ectoderm that is specifically present in an embryo
embryonic ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The ectoderm that is specifically present in a larva.
larval ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The ectoderm that is specifically present in an embryo and a larva but not in an adult.
pre-metamorphic organism ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The ectoderm that specifically derives from cells of the veg1 tier.
veg1 ectoderm
veg1 ecto
vegetal tier 1 ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The ectoderm that is part of the animal ectoderm but located below the apical pole domain ectoderm.
non-apical ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A thickened region at the animal hemisphere, located at the animal pole, and that contains developing neurons and cells with elongated cilia.
animal plate
apical plate
animal pole domain
apical pole domain
echinoderm_anatomy
The ectoderm that is part of the animal ectoderm and is specifically restricted to the apical pole domain.
apical ectoderm
apical pole domain ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the presumptive ectoderm that is located on the oral side of the embryo (which will later generate the ventral side of the larva).
presumptive oral ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the embryonic ectoderm that is located on the oral side of the embryo and will give rise to ventral ectoderm of the larva.
oral ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the presumptive ectoderm that is located on the aboral side of the embryo (which will later generate the dorsal side of the larva).
lateral-aboral pre-state ectoderm
presumptive aboral ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the embryonic ectoderm that is located on the aboral side of the embryo and will give rise to dorsal ectoderm of the larva.
aboral ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the border ectoderm that is located on the oral side of the embryo.
equatorial oral ectoderm
oral BE
ventral BE
veg1 oral ectoderm
oral border ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the border ectoderm that is located on the aboral side of the embryo.
aboral BE
dorsal BE
veg1 aboral ectoderm
aboral border ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the presumptive oral ectoderm where the stomodeum will form.
stomodeal presumptive ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the oral ectoderm where the stomodeum forms.
stomodeal ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the ectoderm where neurons form.
neuroectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
An ectodermal progenitor cell from the animal pole domain that will develop into a neuron.
animal pole domain neuronal progenitor cell
apical pole domain presumptive neuron
presumptive apical pole domain neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
An endodermal cell that will develop into a neuron.
endoderm-ssociated neuronal progenitor cell
presumptive endodermal neuron
presumptive endoderm neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
A neuronal progenitor cell present in the epidermis of a postoral arm.
presumptive postoral arm neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
A neuronal progenitor cell present in the epidermis of the oral hood.
presumptive oral hood neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
A neuron that is located in the postoral arm ectoderm outside the ciliary band.
postoral arm neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
A neuron that is located in the oral hood.
oral hood neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
A neuron of which transmission is mediated by nitric oxide.
nitrergic neuron
nitric oxide synthase neuron
echinoderm_anatomy
The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the neural cell body.
nerve fiber
axon
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons.
neuonal cell body
neural cell body
echinoderm_anatomy
A neural structure that develops from the apical pole domain, above the mouth, and contains neurons.
apical organ
echinoderm_anatomy
A specific embryonic or larval ectodermal territory located on the oral side and that will give rise to the oral hood ciliary band.
pre-oral ciliary band
presumptive oral ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that composes the ciliary band.
ciliary band cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that composes the oral hood ciliary band.
oral hood ciliary band cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the ciliary band that covers the arm buds.
arm bud ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the arm ciliary band that covers the arm distal tip.
arm distal tip ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the arm ciliary band that covers the arm proximal tip.
arm proximal tip ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the arm ciliary band that covers the region of the arm between the distal and proximal tips.
arm middle portion ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the presumptive ciliary band that overlaps with the animal pole domain.
animal presumptive ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the presumptive ciliary band located close to the vegetal pole.
vegetal presumtive ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the presumptive ciliary located between the animal and the vegetal presumptive ciliary bands.
lateral presumptive ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
In species with two separate ciliary bands, a specific embryonic territory that will develop into the preoral ciliary band.
preoral presumptive ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
In species with two separate ciliary bands, a specific embryonic territory that will develop into the postoral ciliary band.
postoral presumptive ciliary band
echinoderm_anatomy
A specific ectodermal territory located on the oral side of the embryo or the larva and that will give rise to the oral hood.
preoral lobe
preoral hood
pre-oral hood
echinoderm_anatomy
An embryonic region that will develop into an arm.
arm bud
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal extremity of a larval arm, i.e. the further away from the larval body
arm distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal extremity of a larval arm, i.e. the closest to the larval body
arm proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of a larval arm comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the arm.
arm middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The thickened ectodermal region that outlines the arm bud.
arm bud ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The ectodermal (or epidermal) portion of the arm skin and that does not include the ciliary band.
arm epidermis
arm ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The ectodermal (or epidermal) that covers the distal arm tip and does not include the ciliary band.
arm distal tip ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The ectodermal (or epidermal) that covers the proximal arm tip and does not include the ciliary band.
arm proximal tip ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The ectodermal (or epidermal) that covers the portion of the arm located between the distal and proximal tips and that does not include the ciliary band.
arm middle portion ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell present in the arm bud and that will contribute to the development of a skeletal rod.
arm bud skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a skeletal rod, i.e. the further away from its initiation site.
skeletal rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a skeletal rod, i.e. the closest to its initiation site.
skeletal rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of a skeletal rod comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the rod.
skeletal rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletal rod supporting an arm.
arm skeletal rod
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of an arm skeletal rod, i.e. the further away from its initiation site and the larval body.
arm skeletal rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of an arm skeletal rod, i.e. the closest to its initiation site and the larval body.
arm skeletal rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of an arm skeletal rod comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the rod.
arm skeletal rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a skeletal rod.
skeletal rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a skeletal rod.
skeletal rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a skeletal rod.
skeletal rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of the region of a skeletal rod comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the rod.
skeletal rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of an arm skeletal rod.
arm skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
arm skeletal rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of an arm skeletal rod.
arm skeletal rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of an arm skeletal rod.
arm skeletal rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of the region of an arm skeletal rod comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the rod.
arm skeletal rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
An arm bud that will develop into a postoral arm.
postoral arm bud
echinoderm_anatomy
The arm bud on the right side of the embryo that will develop into a postoral arm.
right postoral arm bud
echinoderm_anatomy
The arm bud on the left side of the embryo that will develop into a postoral arm.
left postoral arm bud
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a postoral arm.
postoral arm distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a right postoral arm.
right postoral arm distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a left postoral arm.
left postoral arm distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a postoral arm.
postoral arm proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a right postoral arm.
right postoral arm proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a left postoral arm.
left postoral arm proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle region of a postoral arm comprised between the distal and proximal tip of the arm.
postoral arm middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle region of a right postoral arm.
right postoral arm middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle region of a left postoral arm.
left postoral arm middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the ectoderm that outlines a postoral arm bud.
postoral arm bud ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the ectoderm that outlines a postoral arm bud on the right side of the embryo.
right postoral arm bud ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the ectoderm that outlines a postoral arm bud on the left side of the embryo.
left postoral arm bud ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The ectoderm (or epidermis) that covers a postoral arm but does not include the ciliary band.
postoral ectoderm
postoral arm ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The ectoderm (or epidermis) that covers a right postoral arm but does not include the ciliary band.
right postoral ectoderm
right postoral arm ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The ectoderm (or epidermis) that covers a left postoral arm but does not include the ciliary band.
left postoral ectoderm
left postoral arm ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of a postoral arm ectoderm located at the distal tip of the arm.
postoral arm distal tip ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The postoral arm distal tip ectoderm part of a right postoral arm.
right postoral arm distal tip ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The postoral arm distal tip ectoderm part of a left postoral arm.
left postoral arm distal tip ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of a postoral arm ectoderm located at the proximal tip of the arm.
postoral arm proximal tip ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The postoral arm proximal tip ectoderm part of a right postoral arm.
right postoral arm proximal tip ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The postoral arm proximal tip ectoderm part of a left postoral arm.
left postoral arm proximal tip ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of a postoral arm ectoderm located between the distal and proximal tips of the arm.
postoral arm middle portion ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The postoral arm middle portion ectoderm part of a right postoral arm.
right postoral arm middle portion ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The postoral arm middle portion ectoderm part of a left postoral arm.
left postoral arm middle portion ectoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a postoral rod.
postoral rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a right postoral rod.
right postoral rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a left postoral rod.
left postoral rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a postoral rod.
postoral rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a right postoral rod.
right postoral rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a left postoral rod.
left postoral rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle region of a postoral rod comprised between the distal and proximal tip of the rod.
postoral rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle region of a right postoral rod.
right postoral rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle region of a left postoral rod.
left postoral rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a postoral rod.
postoral rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a right postoral rod.
right postoral rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a left postoral rod.
left postoral rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a postoral rod.
postoral rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a right postoral rod.
right postoral rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a left postoral rod.
left postoral rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a postoral rod.
postoral rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a right postoral rod.
right postoral rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a left postoral rod.
left postoral rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a postoral rod, comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the rod.
postoral rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a right postoral rod.
right postoral rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a left postoral rod.
left postoral rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of an anonymous rod.
anonymous rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a right anonymous rod.
right anonymous rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a left anonymous rod.
left anonymous rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of an anonymous rod.
anonymous rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a right anonymous rod.
right anonymous rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a left anonymous rod.
left anonymous rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle region of an anonymous rod comprised between the distal and proximal tip of the rod.
anonymous rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle region of a right anonymous rod.
right anonymous rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle region of a left anonymous rod.
left anonymous rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of an anonymous rod.
anonymous rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a right anonymous rod.
right anonymous rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a left anonymous rod.
left anonymous rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of an anonymous rod.
anonymous rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a right anonymous rod.
right anonymous rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a left anonymous rod.
left anonymous rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of an anonymous rod.
anonymous rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a right anonymous rod.
right anonymous rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a left anonymous rod.
left anonymous rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of an anonymous rod, comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the rod.
anonymous rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a right anonymous rod.
right anonymous rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a left anonymous rod.
left anonymous rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of an anterolateral rod, i.e. away from its connection with the dorsoventral connecting rod.
anterolateral rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a right anterolateral rod.
right anterolateral rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a left anterolateral rod.
left anterolateral rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of an anterolateral rod, i.e. in connection with the dorsoventral connecting rod.
anterolateral rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a right anterolateral rod.
right anterolateral rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a left anterolateral rod.
left anterolateral rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of an anterolateral rod, i.e., comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the rod.
anterolateral rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of a right anterolateral rod.
right anterolateral rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of a left anterolateral rod.
left anterolateral rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of an anterolateral rod.
anterolateral rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a right anterolateral rod.
right anterolateral rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a left anterolateral rod.
left anterolateral rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of an anterolateral rod.
anterolateral rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a right anterolateral rod.
right anterolateral rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a left anterolateral rod.
left anterolateral rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of an anterolateral rod.
anterolateral rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a right anterolateral rod.
right anterolateral rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a left anterolateral rod.
left anterolateral rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of an anterolateral rod, comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the rod.
anterolateral rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a right anterolateral rod.
right anterolateral rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a left anterolateral rod.
left anterolateral rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of a dorsoventral connecting rod that bends (or branches) to give rise to the anterolateral rod and in some echinoid species to the recurrent rod.
anterior tip of dorsoventral connecting rod
anterior end of dorsoventral connecting rod
dorsoventral connecting rod animal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The animal tip of a right dorsoventral connecting rod.
right dorsoventral connecting rod animal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The animal tip of a left dorsoventral connecting rod.
left dorsoventral connecting rod animal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a dorsoventral connecting rod, i.e. in connection with the anterolateral rod and in some echinoid species the recurrent rod.
dorsoventral connecting rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a right dorsoventral connecting rod.
right dorsoventral connecting rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a left dorsoventral connecting rod.
left dorsoventral connecting rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a dorsoventral connecting rod, i.e. in connection with the anonymous and ventral transverse rods.
dorsoventral connecting rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a right dorsoventral connecting rod.
right dorsoventral connecting rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a left dorsoventral connecting rod.
left dorsoventral connecting rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of a dorsoventral connecting rod, i.e., comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the rod.
dorsoventral connecting rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of a right dorsoventral connecting rod.
right dorsoventral connecting rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of a left dorsoventral connecting rod.
left dorsoventral connecting rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a dorsoventral connecting rod.
dorsoventral connecting rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a right dorsoventral connecting rod.
right dorsoventral connecting rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a left dorsoventral connecting rod.
left dorsoventral connecting rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of the bended portion of a dorsoventral connecting rod, before this portion elongates and becomes an anterolateral rod or in some echinoid species branches into a anterolateral and a recurrent rods.
dorsoventral connecting rod animal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the animal tip of a right dorsoventral connecting rod.
right dorsoventral connecting rod animal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the animal tip of a left dorsoventral connecting rod.
left dorsoventral connecting rod animal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a dorsoventral connecting rod, before its bended portion.
dorsoventral connecting rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a right dorsoventral connecting rod.
right dorsoventral connecting rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a left dorsoventral connecting rod.
left dorsoventral connecting rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a dorsoventral connecting rod, in the vicinity of an anonymous and ventral transverse rod.
dorsoventral connecting rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a right dorsoventral connecting rod.
right dorsoventral connecting rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a left dorsoventral connecting rod.
left dorsoventral connecting rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a dorsoventral connecting rod, comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the rod.
dorsoventral connecting rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a right dorsoventral connecting rod.
right dorsoventral connecting rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a left dorsoventral connecting rod.
left dorsoventral connecting rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a ventral transverse rod, i.e. away from the connection with the dorsoventral connecting and anonymous rods.
ventral transverse rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a right ventral transverse rod.
right ventral transverse rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a left ventral transverse rod.
left ventral transverse rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a ventral transverse rod, i.e. in connection with the dorsoventral connecting and anonymous rods.
ventral transverse rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a right ventral transverse rod.
right ventral transverse rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a left ventral transverse rod.
left ventral transverse rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of a ventral transverse rod, i.e., comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the rod.
ventral transverse rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of a right ventral transverse rod.
right ventral transverse rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of a left ventral transverse rod.
left ventral transverse rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a ventral transverse rod.
ventral transverse rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a right ventral transverse rod.
right ventral transverse rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a left ventral transverse rod.
left ventral transverse rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a ventral transverse rod.
ventral transverse rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a right ventral transverse rod.
right ventral transverse rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a left ventral transverse rod.
left ventral transverse rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a ventral transverse rod.
ventral transverse rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a right ventral transverse rod.
right ventral transverse rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a left ventral transverse rod.
left ventral transverse rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a ventral transverse rod, comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the rod.
ventral transverse rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a right ventral transverse rod.
right ventral transverse rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a left ventral transverse rod.
left ventral transverse rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The growing tip of a body rod as it extends dorsally away from an anonymous rod.
body rod distal tip
posterior tip body rod
body rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a right body rod.
right body rod distal tip
right body rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a left body rod.
left body rod distal tip
left body rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a body rod, i.e. in connection with an anonymous rod.
body rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a right body rod.
right body rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a left body rod.
left body rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of a body rod, i.e., comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the rod.
body rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of a right body rod.
right body rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of a left body rod.
left body rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a body rod.
body rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a right body rod.
right body rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a left body rod.
left body rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a body rod.
body rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a right body rod.
right body rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a left body rod.
left body rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a body rod.
body rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a right body rod.
right body rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a left body rod.
left body rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a body rod, comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the rod.
body rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a right body rod.
right body rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a left body rod.
left body rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a scheitel.
scheitel skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a recurrent rod, i.e. in connection with a dorsoventral connecting rod.
recurrent rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a right recurrent rod.
right recurrent rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The distal tip of a left recurrent rod.
left recurrent rod distal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a recurrent rod, i.e. away from a dorsoventral connecting rod.
recurrent rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a right recurrent rod.
right recurrent rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The proximal tip of a left recurrent rod.
left recurrent rod proximal tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of a recurrent rod, i.e., comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the rod.
recurrent rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of a right recurrent rod.
right recurrent rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of a left recurrent rod.
left recurrent rod middle portion
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a recurrent rod.
recurrent rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a right recurrent rod.
right recurrent rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell part of a left recurrent rod.
left recurrent rod skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a recurrent rod.
recurrent rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a right recurrent rod.
right recurrent rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the distal tip of a left recurrent rod.
left recurrent rod distal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a recurrent rod.
recurrent rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a right recurrent rod.
right recurrent rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the proximal tip of a left recurrent rod.
left recurrent rod proximal tip skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a recurrent rod, comprised between the distal and proximal tips of the rod.
recurrent rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a right recurrent rod.
right recurrent rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletogenic mesenchyme cell composing the middle portion of a left recurrent rod.
left recurrent rod middle portion skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell part of the endoderm germ layer.
endodermal cell
enoderm cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The presumptive endoderm that develops specifically from the cells of the vegetal tier 1.
veg1 endoderm
veg1 endo
vegetal tier 1 endoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The presumptive endoderm that develops specifically from the cells of the vegetal tier 2.
veg2 endoderm
veg2 endo
vegetal tier 2 endoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The endoderm that is specifically present in an embryo.
embryonic endoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The endoderm that is specifically present in a larva.
larval endoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The endoderm that is specifically present in an embryo post-gastrulation and a larva but not in an adult.
pre-metamorphic organism endoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The anterior territory of the archenteron.
anterior archenteron
tip of archetron
archenteron roof
archenteron tip
echinoderm_anatomy
The layer of cells that form the archenteron, but at the level of its anterior tip and that of the blastopore.
archenteron wall
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of the hindgut, between its anterior and posterior portions.
middle hindgut
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of the midgut, between its anterior and posterior portions.
middle midgut
echinoderm_anatomy
The middle portion of the foregut, between its anterior and posterior portions.
middle foregut
echinoderm_anatomy
The anterior end of the animal digestive tract that connects the mouth to the stomach.
esophagus
echinoderm_anatomy
The central region of the animal digestive tract that serves as a digestive organ.
stomach
echinoderm_anatomy
The posterior region of the animal digestive tract that extends from the stomach to the anus.
intestine
echinoderm_anatomy
The outpocketing of the mesoderm constituting the tip of the archenteron and forming a bilobed bag (or pouch) lying on the top of the archenteron roof.
unpaire evagination of the coelom
unpaired coelomic evaginations
unpaired coelomic outpocketing
unpaired coelomic rudiment
unpaired coelomic pouch
coelomic evagination
echinoderm_anatomy
A mesodermally lined pouch (or pocket) lying between the anterior tip of the archenteron and the outer body wall.
coelomic pouch
echinoderm_anatomy
A narrowing (or shrinking) within a tissue or organ to delineate different regions with different fates.
constriction
echinoderm_anatomy
A constriction taking place at the level of a coelom. It can either separate the coelom from the archenteron or lead to the compartmentalization of the coelom into distinct regions.
coelom constriction
coelomic constriction
echinoderm_anatomy
In species with a posterior enterocoel, the anterior coelomic pouch is the one that develops from the unpaired coelomic evaginations at the tip of the archenteron.
anterior coelomic pouch
echinoderm_anatomy
An epidermal tissue present in the larva.
larval epidermis
echinoderm_anatomy
The epidermal tissue of the larva that surrounds the mouth.
circumoral ectoderm
circumoral epithelium
oral epidermis
ventral epiderms
echinoderm_anatomy
The epidermal tissue of the larva that is on the side opposite to the mouth.
aboral epidermis
dorsal epidermis
echinoderm_anatomy
A tissue composed of mesenchymal cells.
mesenchyme
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that has undergone epithelial to mesenchymal transition and is capable of migration.
migratory cell
motile cell
mesenchymal cell
mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The region of the early embryo that will develop into skeletogenic mesoderm.
presumptive skeletogenic mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The subset of the mesoderm germ layer that will exclusively give rise to the endoskeleton.
skeletogenic mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that has the potential of developing into a skeletogenic mesenchyme cell (or skeletal cell).
skeletogenic cell
skeletogenic mesoderm cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The portion of the mesenchyme tissue that constitutes the endoskeleton.
skeletogenic mesenchyme
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that after having undergone epithelial to mesenchymal transition participates in constituting the endoskeleton.
skeletal cell
skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A filopodial cable that participates in the establishment of a syncytium.
syncytial cable
syncytial lamellipodia
syncytial filipodial cable
echinoderm_anatomy
A straight, syncitial network that either links the two ventrolateral skeletogenic mesenchyme clusters within the subequatorial skeletogenic mesenchyme ring or extends from the ventrolateral skeletogenic mesenchyme clusters towards the animal pole domain.
chain of skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The chain of skeletogenic mesenchyme cell that within the subequatorial skeletogenic mesenchyme ring links the two ventrolateral skeletogenic mesenchyme clusters on the oral side of the embryo. The ventral transverse rods will be deposited along this cellular strand.
oral chain of PMCs
ventral skeletogenic mesenchyme chain
ventral chain of PMCs
oral chain of skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The chain of skeletogenic mesenchyme cell that within the subequatorial skeletogenic mesenchyme ring links the two ventrolateral skeletogenic mesenchyme clusters on the aboral side of the embryo. The body rods will be deposited along this cellular strand.
aboral chain of PMCs
dorsal skeletogenic mesenchyme chain
dorsal chain of PMCs
aboral chain of skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A cluster of skeletogenic mesenchyme cells that aggregates before any calcification event whether in the embryo, the larva, or the adult.
skeletogenic mesenchyme cluster
echinoderm_anatomy
A chain of skeletogenic mesenchyme cell that extends from a ventrolateral cluster toward the animal pole. A dorsoventral connecting rod will be deposited along this cellular strand.
lateral chain of PMCs
lateral chain of skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The lateral chain that forms on the right side of the embryo from the right ventrolateral cluster.
right lateral chain of PMCs
right lateral chain of skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The lateral chain that forms on the left side of the embryo from the left ventrolateral cluster.
left lateral chain of PMCs
left lateral chain of skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A skeletal, calcified structure composed of three elongated skeletal rods.
triradiate element
triradiate spicule
echinoderm_anatomy
A spicule granule that forms within a ventrolateral cluster of skeletogenic mesenchyme cells.
ventrolateral spicule granule
echinoderm_anatomy
A ventrolateral spicule granule that forms on the right side of the embryo.
right ventrolateral spicule granule
echinoderm_anatomy
A ventrolateral spicule granule that forms on the left side of the embryo.
left ventrolateral spicule granule
echinoderm_anatomy
A triradiate spicule rudiment that forms within a ventrolateral cluster of skeletogenic mesenchyme cells.
ventrolateral triradiate spicule rudiment
echinoderm_anatomy
An embryonic, larval or adult region that will develop into non-skeletogenic mesoderm and/or mesenchyme derivatives.
presumptive non-skeletogenic mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The subset of the mesoderm germ layer that will give rise to all mesoderm tissue derivatives but the endoskeleton; e.g. muscles, coeloms, pigment cells, blastocoelar cells.
non-skeletogenic mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell part of the mesoderm germ layer subset that will give rise to all mesoderm tissue derivatives but the endoskeleton; e.g. muscles, coeloms, pigment cells, blastocoelar cells.
non-skeletogenic mesoderm cell
echinoderm_anatomy
All mesenchyme present in the embryo, larva, or adult but that does not constitute the endoskeleton.
non-skeletogenic mesenchyme
echinoderm_anatomy
A mesenchymal cell that participates in the elaboration of all mesenchyme derivatives but the endoskeleton; e.g. pigment cells, blastocoelar cells.
non-skeletogenic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm that derives from the vegetal 2 tier cells and not from the small micromere descendants.
vegetal tier 2 non-skeletogenic mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
In echinoderms with no embryonic endoskeleton, all embryonic cells that have undergone an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and will participate in the elaboration of non-skeletogenic mesoderm derivatives; e.g. pigment cells, blastocoelar cells.
embryonic mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
In echinoderms with no larval endoskeleton, all larval mesenchyme cells that participate in the elaboration of non-skeletogenic mesoderm derivatives; e.g. pigment cells, blastocoelar cells.
larval mesenchyme cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm that in the vegetal plate is on the oral side of the embryo.
oral non-skeletogenic mesoderm
ventral non-skeletogenic mesoderm
ventral presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm
oral presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
The presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm that in the vegetal plate is on the aboral side of the embryo.
aboral non-skeletogenic mesoderm
dorsal non-skeletogenic mesoderm
dorsal presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm
aboral presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell of the immune system that is involved in protecting the body against infectious disease and foreign invaders.
immunocyte
immune cell
echinoderm_anatomy
The subset of the filopodial cells that are phagocytic and express the immune effector gene 185/333.
phagocytic filopodial cell
echinoderm_anatomy
An initial constriction within the archenteron marking where a sphincter will form.
gut constriction
sphincter constriction
sphincter primordium
echinoderm_anatomy
The initial constriction within the archenteron that will develop into the pyloric sphincter and separates the midgut and hindgut.
midgut-hindgut constriction
pyloric constriction
pyloric sphincter constriction
pyloric sphincter primordium
echinoderm_anatomy
The initial constriction within the archenteron that will develop into the cardiac sphincter and separates the foregut and the midgut.
cardiac constriction
foregut-midgut constriction
cardiac sphincter constriction
cardiac sphincter primordium
echinoderm_anatomy
The initial constriction at the posterior end of the archenteron (i.e. at the level of the blastopore) that will develop into the anal sphincter.
anal constriction
anal sphincter contriction
anal sphincter primordium
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that is part of a sphincter.
myoepithelial cell
sphincter cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that is part of a pyloric sphincter.
pyloric sphincter cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that is part of a cardiac sphincter.
cardiac sphincter cell
echinoderm_anatomy
A cell that is part of an anal sphincter.
anal pore muscle cell
anal sphincter cell
echinoderm_anatomy