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    "# Load in the Pitch() function from the mlpsoccer module to avoid having to build your own football pitch in a plot\n",
    "\n",
    "from mplsoccer.pitch import Pitch\n",
    "\n",
    "# Load in the opta functions from the kloppy module to help with loading event data\n",
    "\n",
    "from kloppy import opta\n",
    "\n",
    "# pandas and numpy modules are loaded as pd and np to help with data handling\n",
    "# Both of these shorthands are conventions in python\n",
    "\n",
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "import numpy as np"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Using the opta.load() function you can now load in the event data without working with troublesome XML files\n",
    "# Adding additional columns to the to_pandas() function to get player and team names added as columns\n",
    "\n",
    "dataset = opta.load(\n",
    "    f7_data=\"C:\\\\Users\\\\YOUR_USER\\\\Desktop\\\\Github\\\\DFDA\\\\Data\\\\Event Data\\\\F7.xml\",\n",
    "    f24_data=\"C:\\\\Users\\\\YOUR_USER\\\\Desktop\\\\Github\\\\DFDA\\\\Data\\\\Event Data\\\\F24.xml\",\n",
    "    coordinates=\"opta\"\n",
    "    \n",
    ").to_pandas(\n",
    "    additional_columns={\n",
    "        'player': lambda event: str(event.player),\n",
    "        'team': lambda event: str(event.team)\n",
    "    }\n",
    ")\n",
    "\n",
    "# Subsetting the data to shots by Vejle BK as you have done in earlier notebooks\n",
    "\n",
    "shots=dataset.loc[(dataset['event_type']=='SHOT') & (dataset['team']=='Vejle BK')]\n",
    "\n",
    "# To be able to color your plot based on results - you need to convert the result column to a numerical column\n",
    "# In the code below, this is solved by adding a new colum named \"goal\"\n",
    "\n",
    "# Firstly the new column is assigned and given a value of 0\n",
    "\n",
    "shots=shots.assign(goal=0)\n",
    "\n",
    "# Then you can use numpy's where() function to change the value of goal to 1 when ever the result of the shot was a goal\n",
    "# where() works just like a if() statement in other languanges\n",
    "\n",
    "shots['goal']=np.where(shots.result=='GOAL',1,0)\n",
    "\n",
    "# Using head(10) you can inspect if you have done it right - the last of the 10 rows should have a column with goal set to 1\n",
    "\n",
    "shots.head(10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
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   "source": [
    "# To plot a football pitch you can simply use the Pitch() function from mlpsoccer\n",
    "\n",
    "pitch = Pitch()\n",
    "\n",
    "# To actually show the plot you need to call the function pitch.draw()\n",
    "# And as a convention in python plots are called fig and ax\n",
    "\n",
    "fig, ax = pitch.draw()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
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   "source": [
    "# Going from a white pitch to something resembling a real pitch is as simple as changing a few settings in the pitch() function\n",
    "# Like with head(x) Pitch() has multiple settings which can be used to alter the look of the pitch\n",
    "\n",
    "# See this link to for further options:\n",
    "# https://mplsoccer.readthedocs.io/en/latest/gallery/pitch_setup/plot_pitches.html\n",
    "\n",
    "pitch = Pitch(pitch_color='grass', # Setting the color to be grass \n",
    "              line_color='white',  # Setting the lines on the pitch to be white\n",
    "              goal_type='box', # Add \"nets\" to goals\n",
    "              stripe=True, # Add stripes to the grass color\n",
    "              corner_arcs=True, # Add corner arcs\n",
    "              pitch_type='opta' # Set coordinates to be opta based for your event data to work\n",
    "             )\n",
    "              \n",
    "              \n",
    "fig, ax = pitch.draw(figsize=(16, 11) # Increase the size of the plot\n",
    "                    )\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
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    "# To plot some events on the pitch you first call the code from above to create a pitch\n",
    "\n",
    "pitch = Pitch(pitch_color='grass', line_color='white', stripe=True, pitch_type='opta',corner_arcs=True,goal_type='box')\n",
    "fig, ax = pitch.draw(figsize=(16, 11))\n",
    "\n",
    "# Then add something to it\n",
    "# Below is the code to add the shots you subsetted before as points - using scatter\n",
    "\n",
    "scatter = pitch.scatter(shots.coordinates_x, # x coordinate\n",
    "                        shots.coordinates_y, # y coordinate\n",
    "                        ax=ax, # What plot to add them to \n",
    "                        edgecolor='black', # Edge color of the point\n",
    "                        c=shots.goal, # Color of the point\n",
    "                        s=250 # Size of the points\n",
    "                       )\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Moving to something other than shots - you can extract all the crosses from Vejle in open play in this way\n",
    "\n",
    "cross=dataset.loc[(dataset['pass_type']=='CROSS') & \n",
    "                  (dataset['team']=='Vejle BK') & \n",
    "                  (dataset['set_piece_type'].isna()) # if set_piece_type is empty then the cross is in open play\n",
    "                 ]\n",
    "\n",
    "# Subsetting in completed and incompleted passes\n",
    "\n",
    "incomplete = cross[cross['result']=='INCOMPLETE'] # == means is equal to\n",
    "complete = cross[cross['result']!='INCOMPLETE'] # != means NOT equal to\n",
    "\n",
    "# Extract Vejle BK by picking the first value of unique teams in the cross dataset\n",
    "# Given that python starts counting at 0 the first value are called by writing [0] rather than [1]\n",
    "\n",
    "team = cross.team.unique()[0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# To plot some events on the pitch you first call the code from above to create a pitch\n",
    "\n",
    "pitch = Pitch(pitch_color='grass', line_color='white', stripe=True, pitch_type='opta',corner_arcs=True,goal_type='box')\n",
    "fig, ax = pitch.draw(figsize=(15, 10))\n",
    "\n",
    "# After creating the pitch you can add the completed crosses by using pitch.lines()\n",
    "\n",
    "lc1 = pitch.lines(complete.coordinates_x, # x coordinate start\n",
    "                      complete.coordinates_y, # y coordinate start\n",
    "                      complete.end_coordinates_x, # x coordinate end\n",
    "                      complete.end_coordinates_y, # y coordinate end\n",
    "                      ax=ax, # What plot to add them to  \n",
    "                      lw=10, # Linewidth \n",
    "                      comet=True, # Setting line style to be comet - wider at end than at start\n",
    "                      color='blue', # Color of the line\n",
    "                      capstyle=\"round\", # Rounding off end rather than a flat end\n",
    "                      label='Completed', # What to call the lines in the legend\n",
    "                      zorder=1 # What order to add the lines to the plot\n",
    "                     )\n",
    "\n",
    "# Similar to the completed crosses you can then add incomplete and assign them a red color\n",
    "\n",
    "lc2 = pitch.lines(incomplete.coordinates_x,\n",
    "                      incomplete.coordinates_y,\n",
    "                      incomplete.end_coordinates_x,\n",
    "                      incomplete.end_coordinates_y,\n",
    "                      ax=ax, lw=10,\n",
    "                      comet=True, capstyle=\"round\",color='red', label='Incomplete', zorder=1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
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   "source": [
    "# You can then add a few more details to make the plot a bit nicer to look at\n",
    "\n",
    "# Start by repeating the process from above\n",
    "# To plot some events on the pitch you first call the code from above to create a pitch\n",
    "\n",
    "pitch = Pitch(pitch_color='grass', line_color='white', stripe=True, pitch_type='opta',corner_arcs=True,goal_type='box')\n",
    "fig, ax = pitch.draw(figsize=(15, 10))\n",
    "\n",
    "# After creating the pitch you can add the completed crosses by using pitch.lines()\n",
    "\n",
    "lc1 = pitch.lines(complete.coordinates_x, # x coordinate start\n",
    "                      complete.coordinates_y, # y coordinate start\n",
    "                      complete.end_coordinates_x, # x coordinate end\n",
    "                      complete.end_coordinates_y, # y coordinate end\n",
    "                      ax=ax, # What plot to add them to  \n",
    "                      lw=10, # Linewidth \n",
    "                      comet=True, # Setting line style to be comet - wider at end than at start\n",
    "                      color='blue', # Color of the line\n",
    "                      capstyle=\"round\", # Rounding off end rather than a flat end\n",
    "                      label='Completed', # What to call the lines in the legend\n",
    "                      zorder=1 # What order to add the lines to the plot\n",
    "                     )\n",
    "\n",
    "# Similar to the completed crosses you can then add incomplete and assign them a red color\n",
    "\n",
    "lc2 = pitch.lines(incomplete.coordinates_x,\n",
    "                      incomplete.coordinates_y,\n",
    "                      incomplete.end_coordinates_x,\n",
    "                      incomplete.end_coordinates_y,\n",
    "                      ax=ax, lw=10,\n",
    "                      comet=True, capstyle=\"round\",color='red', label='Incomplete', zorder=1)\n",
    "\n",
    "# Adding a title by using the team name extracted above\n",
    "# Writing \"f'SOMETHING'\" allows you to combine variables and text\n",
    "# You simply need to enclose a variable in {} to use it\n",
    "\n",
    "ax_title = ax.set_title(f'{team} crosses', fontsize=30)\n",
    "\n",
    "# Adding some points without color fill might help pick out each cross a bit better\n",
    "# First you can add colorless points to the end coordinate\n",
    "\n",
    "scatter = pitch.scatter(cross.end_coordinates_x, # x coordinate\n",
    "                        cross.end_coordinates_y, # y coordinate\n",
    "                        ax=ax, # Which plot to add them to\n",
    "                        edgecolor='black', # Edge color of the point\n",
    "                        c=\"None\", # Fill color - set to none to get an empty point\n",
    "                        s=100, # Size of the point\n",
    "                        zorder=2 # Plotting at a higher level than the lines to ensure the point are on top\n",
    "                       )\n",
    "\n",
    "# Likewise you can add smaller points to the start coordinates\n",
    "\n",
    "scatter = pitch.scatter(cross.coordinates_x, cross.coordinates_y, ax=ax, edgecolor='black',c=\"None\", s=50, zorder=2)\n",
    "\n",
    "# Lastly you can add a legend to tell the enduser what the different color of lines means\n",
    "\n",
    "ax.legend(fontsize=17, # Size of text in the legend\n",
    "          bbox_to_anchor=(0.2, 0.925) # Placement of the legend - here placed at the top right by setting\n",
    "          #(x value low and y value close to one)\n",
    "         )\n",
    "\n",
    "# You can then simply right click the plot and copy it into your presentation or report\n",
    "# Or you can begin subsetting crosses from the left or right side - seen from the offensive point of view\n",
    "# Do this by only including crosses with a y coordinate < 50 (right side) or y coordinate > 50 (left side)"
   ]
  }
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