SV https://www.entsoe.eu/digital/cim/cim-for-grid-models-exchange/ vocabulary urn:iso:std:iec:61970-600-2:ed-1 urn:iso:std:iec:61970-301:ed-7:amd1 file://iec61970cim17v40_iec61968cim13v13a_iec62325cim03v17a.eap urn:iso:std:iec:61970-501:draft:ed-2 3.0.0 ENTSO-E CIM EG This vocabulary is describing the state variables profile from IEC 61970-600-2. 767279cf-b7f6-4693-a5a1-7c7c0ead64c4 2021-01-27T12:26:26Z en-GB 2020-10-12 ENTSO-E Copyright ENTSO-E State Variables Vocabulary StateVariablesProfile A state variables dataset which conforms to the IEC 61970-456 state variables profile contains all objects required to complete the specification of a steady-state solution. A state variables dataset is always exchanged in full. A state variables dataset of an assembled model contains state variables related objects for all model authority sets being part of the assembled model. ACDCConverter A unit with valves for three phases, together with unit control equipment, essential protective and switching devices, DC storage capacitors, phase reactors and auxiliaries, if any, used for conversion. idc Converter DC current, also called Id. It is converter’s state variable, result from power flow. CurrentFlow Electrical current with sign convention: positive flow is out of the conducting equipment into the connectivity node. Can be both AC and DC. CIMDatatype value Float A floating point number. The range is unspecified and not limited. Primitive multiplier none UnitMultiplier The unit multipliers defined for the CIM. When applied to unit symbols, the unit symbol is treated as a derived unit. Regardless of the contents of the unit symbol text, the unit symbol shall be treated as if it were a single-character unit symbol. Unit symbols should not contain multipliers, and it should be left to the multiplier to define the multiple for an entire data type. For example, if a unit symbol is "m2Pers" and the multiplier is "k", then the value is k(m**2/s), and the multiplier applies to the entire final value, not to any individual part of the value. This can be conceptualized by substituting a derived unit symbol for the unit type. If one imagines that the symbol "Þ" represents the derived unit "m2Pers", then applying the multiplier "k" can be conceptualized simply as "kÞ". For example, the SI unit for mass is "kg" and not "g". If the unit symbol is defined as "kg", then the multiplier is applied to "kg" as a whole and does not replace the "k" in front of the "g". In this case, the multiplier of "m" would be used with the unit symbol of "kg" to represent one gram. As a text string, this violates the instructions in IEC 80000-1. However, because the unit symbol in CIM is treated as a derived unit instead of as an SI unit, it makes more sense to conceptualize the "kg" as if it were replaced by one of the proposed replacements for the SI mass symbol. If one imagines that the "kg" were replaced by a symbol "Þ", then it is easier to conceptualize the multiplier "m" as creating the proper unit "mÞ", and not the forbidden unit "mkg". y Yocto 10**-24. enum z Zepto 10**-21. enum a Atto 10**-18. enum f Femto 10**-15. enum p Pico 10**-12. enum n Nano 10**-9. enum micro Micro 10**-6. enum m Milli 10**-3. enum c Centi 10**-2. enum d Deci 10**-1. enum none No multiplier or equivalently multiply by 1. enum da Deca 10**1. enum h Hecto 10**2. enum k Kilo 10**3. enum M Mega 10**6. enum G Giga 10**9. enum T Tera 10**12. enum P Peta 10**15. enum E Exa 10**18. enum Z Zetta 10**21. enum Y Yotta 10**24. enum unit A UnitSymbol The derived units defined for usage in the CIM. In some cases, the derived unit is equal to an SI unit. Whenever possible, the standard derived symbol is used instead of the formula for the derived unit. For example, the unit symbol Farad is defined as "F" instead of "CPerV". In cases where a standard symbol does not exist for a derived unit, the formula for the unit is used as the unit symbol. For example, density does not have a standard symbol and so it is represented as "kgPerm3". With the exception of the "kg", which is an SI unit, the unit symbols do not contain multipliers and therefore represent the base derived unit to which a multiplier can be applied as a whole. Every unit symbol is treated as an unparseable text as if it were a single-letter symbol. The meaning of each unit symbol is defined by the accompanying descriptive text and not by the text contents of the unit symbol. To allow the widest possible range of serializations without requiring special character handling, several substitutions are made which deviate from the format described in IEC 80000-1. The division symbol "/" is replaced by the letters "Per". Exponents are written in plain text after the unit as "m3" instead of being formatted as "m" with a superscript of 3 or introducing a symbol as in "m^3". The degree symbol "°" is replaced with the letters "deg". Any clarification of the meaning for a substitution is included in the description for the unit symbol. Non-SI units are included in list of unit symbols to allow sources of data to be correctly labelled with their non-SI units (for example, a GPS sensor that is reporting numbers that represent feet instead of meters). This allows software to use the unit symbol information correctly convert and scale the raw data of those sources into SI-based units. The integer values are used for harmonization with IEC 61850. none Dimension less quantity, e.g. count, per unit, etc. enum m Length in metres. enum kg Mass in kilograms. Note: multiplier “k” is included in this unit symbol for compatibility with IEC 61850-7-3. enum s Time in seconds. enum A Current in amperes. enum K Temperature in kelvins. enum mol Amount of substance in moles. enum cd Luminous intensity in candelas. enum deg Plane angle in degrees. enum rad Plane angle in radians (m/m). enum sr Solid angle in steradians (m2/m2). enum Gy Absorbed dose in grays (J/kg). enum Bq Radioactivity in becquerels (1/s). enum degC Relative temperature in degrees Celsius. In the SI unit system the symbol is °C. Electric charge is measured in coulomb that has the unit symbol C. To distinguish degree Celsius from coulomb the symbol used in the UML is degC. The reason for not using °C is that the special character ° is difficult to manage in software. enum Sv Dose equivalent in sieverts (J/kg). enum F Electric capacitance in farads (C/V). enum C Electric charge in coulombs (A·s). enum S Conductance in siemens. enum H Electric inductance in henrys (Wb/A). enum V Electric potential in volts (W/A). enum ohm Electric resistance in ohms (V/A). enum J Energy in joules (N·m = C·V = W·s). enum N Force in newtons (kg·m/s²). enum Hz Frequency in hertz (1/s). enum lx Illuminance in lux (lm/m²). enum lm Luminous flux in lumens (cd·sr). enum Wb Magnetic flux in webers (V·s). enum T Magnetic flux density in teslas (Wb/m2). enum W Real power in watts (J/s). Electrical power may have real and reactive components. The real portion of electrical power (I²R or VIcos(phi)), is expressed in Watts. See also apparent power and reactive power. enum Pa Pressure in pascals (N/m²). Note: the absolute or relative measurement of pressure is implied with this entry. See below for more explicit forms. enum m2 Area in square metres (m²). enum m3 Volume in cubic metres (m³). enum mPers Velocity in metres per second (m/s). enum mPers2 Acceleration in metres per second squared (m/s²). enum m3Pers Volumetric flow rate in cubic metres per second (m³/s). enum mPerm3 Fuel efficiency in metres per cubic metres (m/m³). enum kgm Moment of mass in kilogram metres (kg·m) (first moment of mass). Note: multiplier “k” is included in this unit symbol for compatibility with IEC 61850-7-3. enum kgPerm3 Density in kilogram/cubic metres (kg/m³). Note: multiplier “k” is included in this unit symbol for compatibility with IEC 61850-7-3. enum m2Pers Viscosity in square metres / second (m²/s). enum WPermK Thermal conductivity in watt/metres kelvin. enum JPerK Heat capacity in joules/kelvin. enum ppm Concentration in parts per million. enum rotPers Rotations per second (1/s). See also Hz (1/s). enum radPers Angular velocity in radians per second (rad/s). enum WPerm2 Heat flux density, irradiance, watts per square metre. enum JPerm2 Insulation energy density, joules per square metre or watt second per square metre. enum SPerm Conductance per length (F/m). enum KPers Temperature change rate in kelvins per second. enum PaPers Pressure change rate in pascals per second. enum JPerkgK Specific heat capacity, specific entropy, joules per kilogram Kelvin. enum VA Apparent power in volt amperes. See also real power and reactive power. enum VAr Reactive power in volt amperes reactive. The “reactive” or “imaginary” component of electrical power (VIsin(phi)). (See also real power and apparent power). Note: Different meter designs use different methods to arrive at their results. Some meters may compute reactive power as an arithmetic value, while others compute the value vectorially. The data consumer should determine the method in use and the suitability of the measurement for the intended purpose. enum cosPhi Power factor, dimensionless. Note 1: This definition of power factor only holds for balanced systems. See the alternative definition under code 153. Note 2 : Beware of differing sign conventions in use between the IEC and EEI. It is assumed that the data consumer understands the type of meter in use and the sign convention in use by the utility. enum Vs Volt seconds (Ws/A). enum V2 Volt squared (W²/A²). enum As Ampere seconds (A·s). enum A2 Amperes squared (A²). enum A2s Ampere squared time in square amperes (A²s). enum VAh Apparent energy in volt ampere hours. enum Wh Real energy in watt hours. enum VArh Reactive energy in volt ampere reactive hours. enum VPerHz Magnetic flux in volt per hertz. enum HzPers Rate of change of frequency in hertz per second. enum character Number of characters. enum charPers Data rate (baud) in characters per second. enum kgm2 Moment of mass in kilogram square metres (kg·m²) (Second moment of mass, commonly called the moment of inertia). Note: multiplier “k” is included in this unit symbol for compatibility with IEC 61850-7-3. enum dB Sound pressure level in decibels. Note: multiplier “d” is included in this unit symbol for compatibility with IEC 61850-7-3. enum WPers Ramp rate in watts per second. enum lPers Volumetric flow rate in litres per second. enum dBm Power level (logarithmic ratio of signal strength , Bel-mW), normalized to 1mW. Note: multiplier “d” is included in this unit symbol for compatibility with IEC 61850-7-3. enum h Time in hours, hour = 60 min = 3600 s. enum min Time in minutes, minute = 60 s. enum Q Quantity power, Q. enum Qh Quantity energy, Qh. enum ohmm Resistivity, ohm metres, (rho). enum APerm A/m, magnetic field strength, amperes per metre. enum V2h Volt-squared hour, volt-squared-hours. enum A2h Ampere-squared hour, ampere-squared hour. enum Ah Ampere-hours, ampere-hours. enum count Amount of substance, Counter value. enum ft3 Volume, cubic feet. enum m3Perh Volumetric flow rate, cubic metres per hour. enum gal Volume in gallons, US gallon (1 gal = 231 in3 = 128 fl ounce). enum Btu Energy, British Thermal Units. enum l Volume in litres, litre = dm3 = m3/1000. enum lPerh Volumetric flow rate, litres per hour. enum lPerl Concentration, The ratio of the volume of a solute divided by the volume of the solution. Note: Users may need use a prefix such a ‘µ’ to express a quantity such as ‘µL/L’. enum gPerg Concentration, The ratio of the mass of a solute divided by the mass of the solution. Note: Users may need use a prefix such a ‘µ’ to express a quantity such as ‘µg/g’. enum molPerm3 Concentration, The amount of substance concentration, (c), the amount of solvent in moles divided by the volume of solution in m³. enum molPermol Concentration, Molar fraction, the ratio of the molar amount of a solute divided by the molar amount of the solution. enum molPerkg Concentration, Molality, the amount of solute in moles and the amount of solvent in kilograms. enum sPers Time, Ratio of time. Note: Users may need to supply a prefix such as ‘µ’ to show rates such as ‘µs/s’. enum HzPerHz Frequency, rate of frequency change. Note: Users may need to supply a prefix such as ‘m’ to show rates such as ‘mHz/Hz’. enum VPerV Voltage, ratio of voltages. Note: Users may need to supply a prefix such as ‘m’ to show rates such as ‘mV/V’. enum APerA Current, ratio of amperages. Note: Users may need to supply a prefix such as ‘m’ to show rates such as ‘mA/A’. enum VPerVA Power factor, PF, the ratio of the active power to the apparent power. Note: The sign convention used for power factor will differ between IEC meters and EEI (ANSI) meters. It is assumed that the data consumers understand the type of meter being used and agree on the sign convention in use at any given utility. enum rev Amount of rotation, revolutions. enum kat Catalytic activity, katal = mol / s. enum JPerkg Specific energy, Joules / kg. enum m3Uncompensated Volume, cubic metres, with the value uncompensated for weather effects. enum m3Compensated Volume, cubic metres, with the value compensated for weather effects. enum WPerW Signal Strength, ratio of power. Note: Users may need to supply a prefix such as ‘m’ to show rates such as ‘mW/W’. enum therm Energy, therms. enum onePerm Wavenumber, reciprocal metres, (1/m). enum m3Perkg Specific volume, cubic metres per kilogram, v. enum Pas Dynamic viscosity, pascal seconds. enum Nm Moment of force, newton metres. enum NPerm Surface tension, newton per metre. enum radPers2 Angular acceleration, radians per second squared. enum JPerm3 Energy density, joules per cubic metre. enum VPerm Electric field strength, volts per metre. enum CPerm3 Electric charge density, coulombs per cubic metre. enum CPerm2 Surface charge density, coulombs per square metre. enum FPerm Permittivity, farads per metre. enum HPerm Permeability, henrys per metre. enum JPermol Molar energy, joules per mole. enum JPermolK Molar entropy, molar heat capacity, joules per mole kelvin. enum CPerkg Exposure (x rays), coulombs per kilogram. enum GyPers Absorbed dose rate, grays per second. enum WPersr Radiant intensity, watts per steradian. enum WPerm2sr Radiance, watts per square metre steradian. enum katPerm3 Catalytic activity concentration, katals per cubic metre. enum d Time in days, day = 24 h = 86400 s. enum anglemin Plane angle, minutes. enum anglesec Plane angle, seconds. enum ha Area, hectares. enum tonne Mass in tons, “tonne” or “metric ton” (1000 kg = 1 Mg). enum bar Pressure in bars, (1 bar = 100 kPa). enum mmHg Pressure, millimetres of mercury (1 mmHg is approximately 133.3 Pa). enum M Length, nautical miles (1 M = 1852 m). enum kn Speed, knots (1 kn = 1852/3600) m/s. enum Mx Magnetic flux, maxwells (1 Mx = 10-8 Wb). enum G Magnetic flux density, gausses (1 G = 10-4 T). enum Oe Magnetic field in oersteds, (1 Oe = (103/4p) A/m). enum Vh Volt-hour, Volt hours. enum WPerA Active power per current flow, watts per Ampere. enum onePerHz Reciprocal of frequency (1/Hz). enum VPerVAr Power factor, PF, the ratio of the active power to the apparent power. Note: The sign convention used for power factor will differ between IEC meters and EEI (ANSI) meters. It is assumed that the data consumers understand the type of meter being used and agree on the sign convention in use at any given utility. enum ohmPerm Electric resistance per length in ohms per metre ((V/A)/m). enum kgPerJ Weight per energy in kilograms per joule (kg/J). Note: multiplier “k” is included in this unit symbol for compatibility with IEC 61850-7-3. enum JPers Energy rate in joules per second (J/s). enum poleLossP The active power loss at a DC Pole = idleLoss + switchingLoss*|Idc| + resitiveLoss*Idc^2. For lossless operation Pdc=Pac. For rectifier operation with losses Pdc=Pac-lossP. For inverter operation with losses Pdc=Pac+lossP. It is converter’s state variable used in power flow. The attribute shall be a positive value. ActivePower Product of RMS value of the voltage and the RMS value of the in-phase component of the current. CIMDatatype value multiplier M unit W uc Line-to-line converter voltage, the voltage at the AC side of the valve. It is converter’s state variable, result from power flow. The attribute shall be a positive value. Voltage Electrical voltage, can be both AC and DC. CIMDatatype value multiplier k unit V udc Converter voltage at the DC side, also called Ud. It is converter’s state variable, result from power flow. The attribute shall be a positive value. ACDCTerminal An electrical connection point (AC or DC) to a piece of conducting equipment. Terminals are connected at physical connection points called connectivity nodes. CsConverter DC side of the current source converter (CSC). The firing angle controls the dc voltage at the converter, both for rectifier and inverter. The difference between the dc voltages of the rectifier and inverter determines the dc current. The extinction angle is used to limit the dc voltage at the inverter, if needed, and is not used in active power control. The firing angle, transformer tap position and number of connected filters are the primary means to control a current source dc line. Higher level controls are built on top, e.g. dc voltage, dc current and active power. From a steady state perspective it is sufficient to specify the wanted active power transfer (ACDCConverter.targetPpcc) and the control functions will set the dc voltage, dc current, firing angle, transformer tap position and number of connected filters to meet this. Therefore attributes targetAlpha and targetGamma are not applicable in this case. The reactive power consumed by the converter is a function of the firing angle, transformer tap position and number of connected filter, which can be approximated with half of the active power. The losses is a function of the dc voltage and dc current. The attributes minAlpha and maxAlpha define the range of firing angles for rectifier operation between which no discrete tap changer action takes place. The range is typically 10-18 degrees. The attributes minGamma and maxGamma define the range of extinction angles for inverter operation between which no discrete tap changer action takes place. The range is typically 17-20 degrees. Description alpha Firing angle that determines the dc voltage at the converter dc terminal. Typical value between 10 degrees and 18 degrees for a rectifier. It is converter’s state variable, result from power flow. The attribute shall be a positive value. AngleDegrees Measurement of angle in degrees. CIMDatatype value unit deg multiplier none gamma Extinction angle. It is used to limit the dc voltage at the inverter if needed. Typical value between 17 degrees and 20 degrees for an inverter. It is converter’s state variable, result from power flow. The attribute shall be a positive value. ConductingEquipment The parts of the AC power system that are designed to carry current or that are conductively connected through terminals. ConductingEquipment The conducting equipment associated with the status state variable. Yes SvStatus The status state variable associated with this conducting equipment. No DCTopologicalIsland An electrically connected subset of the network. DC topological islands can change as the current network state changes, e.g. due to: - disconnect switches or breakers changing state in a SCADA/EMS. - manual creation, change or deletion of topological nodes in a planning tool. Only energised TopologicalNode-s shall be part of the topological island. DCTopologicalIsland A DC topological node belongs to a DC topological island. No DCTopologicalNodes The DC topological nodes in a DC topological island. Yes DCTopologicalNode DC bus. IdentifiedObject This is a root class to provide common identification for all classes needing identification and naming attributes. mRID Master resource identifier issued by a model authority. The mRID is unique within an exchange context. Global uniqueness is easily achieved by using a UUID, as specified in RFC 4122, for the mRID. The use of UUID is strongly recommended. For CIMXML data files in RDF syntax conforming to IEC 61970-552, the mRID is mapped to rdf:ID or rdf:about attributes that identify CIM object elements. String A string consisting of a sequence of characters. The character encoding is UTF-8. The string length is unspecified and unlimited. Primitive name The name is any free human readable and possibly non unique text naming the object. ShuntCompensator A shunt capacitor or reactor or switchable bank of shunt capacitors or reactors. A section of a shunt compensator is an individual capacitor or reactor. A negative value for bPerSection indicates that the compensator is a reactor. ShuntCompensator is a single terminal device. Ground is implied. ShuntCompensator The shunt compensator for which the state applies. Yes SvShuntCompensatorSections The state for the number of shunt compensator sections in service. No SvInjection The SvInjection reports the calculated bus injection minus the sum of the terminal flows. The terminal flow is positive out from the bus (load sign convention) and bus injection has positive flow into the bus. SvInjection may have the remainder after state estimation or slack after power flow calculation. pInjection The active power mismatch between calculated injection and initial injection. Positive sign means injection into the TopologicalNode (bus). qInjection The reactive power mismatch between calculated injection and initial injection. Positive sign means injection into the TopologicalNode (bus). ReactivePower Product of RMS value of the voltage and the RMS value of the quadrature component of the current. CIMDatatype value unit VAr multiplier M SvInjection The injection flows state variables associated with the topological node. No TopologicalNode The topological node associated with the flow injection state variable. Yes SvPowerFlow State variable for power flow. Load convention is used for flow direction. This means flow out from the TopologicalNode into the equipment is positive. p The active power flow. Load sign convention is used, i.e. positive sign means flow out from a TopologicalNode (bus) into the conducting equipment. q The reactive power flow. Load sign convention is used, i.e. positive sign means flow out from a TopologicalNode (bus) into the conducting equipment. Terminal The terminal associated with the power flow state variable. Yes SvPowerFlow The power flow state variable associated with the terminal. No SvShuntCompensatorSections State variable for the number of sections in service for a shunt compensator. sections The number of sections in service as a continuous variable. The attribute shall be a positive value or zero. To get integer value scale with ShuntCompensator.bPerSection. SvStatus State variable for status. inService The in service status as a result of topology processing. It indicates if the equipment is considered as energized by the power flow. It reflects if the equipment is connected within a solvable island. It does not necessarily reflect whether or not the island was solved by the power flow. Boolean A type with the value space "true" and "false". Primitive SvSwitch State variable for switch. open The attribute tells if the computed state of the switch is considered open. Switch The switch associated with the switch state. Yes SvSwitch The switch state associated with the switch. No SvTapStep State variable for transformer tap step. position The floating point tap position. This is not the tap ratio, but rather the tap step position as defined by the related tap changer model and normally is constrained to be within the range of minimum and maximum tap positions. TapChanger The tap changer associated with the tap step state. Yes SvTapStep The tap step state associated with the tap changer. No SvVoltage State variable for voltage. angle The voltage angle of the topological node complex voltage with respect to system reference. v The voltage magnitude at the topological node. The attribute shall be a positive value. SvVoltage The state voltage associated with the topological node. No TopologicalNode The topological node associated with the voltage state. Yes Switch A generic device designed to close, or open, or both, one or more electric circuits. All switches are two terminal devices including grounding switches. The ACDCTerminal.connected at the two sides of the switch shall not be considered for assessing switch connectivity, i.e. only Switch.open, .normalOpen and .locked are relevant. TapChanger Mechanism for changing transformer winding tap positions. Terminal An AC electrical connection point to a piece of conducting equipment. Terminals are connected at physical connection points called connectivity nodes. TopologicalIsland An electrically connected subset of the network. Topological islands can change as the current network state changes, e.g. due to: - disconnect switches or breakers changing state in a SCADA/EMS. - manual creation, change or deletion of topological nodes in a planning tool. Only energised TopologicalNode-s shall be part of the topological island. AngleRefTopologicalNode The angle reference for the island. Normally there is one TopologicalNode that is selected as the angle reference for each island. Other reference schemes exist, so the association is typically optional. Yes AngleRefTopologicalIsland The island for which the node is an angle reference. Normally there is one angle reference node for each island. No TopologicalNodes A topological node belongs to a topological island. Yes TopologicalIsland A topological node belongs to a topological island. No TopologicalNode For a detailed substation model a topological node is a set of connectivity nodes that, in the current network state, are connected together through any type of closed switches, including jumpers. Topological nodes change as the current network state changes (i.e., switches, breakers, etc. change state). For a planning model, switch statuses are not used to form topological nodes. Instead they are manually created or deleted in a model builder tool. Topological nodes maintained this way are also called "busses". VsConverter DC side of the voltage source converter (VSC). Description delta Angle between VsConverter.uv and ACDCConverter.uc. It is converter’s state variable used in power flow. The attribute shall be a positive value or zero. uv Line-to-line voltage on the valve side of the converter transformer. It is converter’s state variable, result from power flow. The attribute shall be a positive value. Date Date as "yyyy-mm-dd", which conforms with ISO 8601. UTC time zone is specified as "yyyy-mm-ddZ". A local timezone relative UTC is specified as "yyyy-mm-dd(+/-)hh:mm". Primitive