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<title>Tiruveḷḷaṟai’s well, time of Dantivarman, year 4</title>
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<forename>Emmanuel</forename>
<surname>Francis</surname>
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<p>This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported
Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to
Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,
California, 94041, USA.</p>
<p>Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.</p>
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<date from="2019" to="2025">2019-2025</date>
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<summary>Foundation of a well.</summary>
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<p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC)
under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant
agreement no 809994).</p>
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<div type="edition" xml:lang="tam-Latn" rendition="class:tamil maturity:83215">
<ab xml:lang="san-Latn" rendition="class:grantha maturity:83215">
<lb n="1"/>svasti śrī
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<p>
<hi rend="grantha">bhāradvāja-gotra</hi>ttiṉ· vaḻi-t tōṉ·ṟiya <hi rend="grantha">palla</hi>va-ti<hi rend="grantha">la</hi>ta-ku<hi rend="grantha">lorbha</hi>vaṉ· tan=ti-va<hi rend="grantha">rmma</hi>ṟku yāṇ·ṭu nāṉ·k-āvat’ eṭuttu-k· koṇṭu Ai<unclear>·</unclear>nt-āvatu muṟṟuvittāṉ· Ālam·p<unclear>ā</unclear>kka-vicaiyanal·lūḻāṉ·
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tam·pi kam·paṉ· Araiyaṉ· tiruveḷ<unclear>·</unclear>ḷaṟai-t<unclear>·</unclear> teṉṉūr·-p· peruṅ·-kiṇaṟu
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Itaṉ p<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>e</corr></choice>yar· mār·-p·-piṭuku p<surplus>·</surplus>eruṅ·-kiṇar’ eṉ·patu <g type="dandaCross">.</g><!--check encoding of daṇḍa-->
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Itu ra<choice><orig><hi rend="grantha">tṣi</hi></orig><reg><hi rend="grantha">kṣi</hi></reg></choice>p·pār· Ivv-ūr mū-v-<choice><sic>āI</sic><corr>āyi</corr></choice>ratt’ eḻu-nūṟṟuvarum· <g type="dandaCross">.</g><!--check encoding of daṇḍa-->
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<lem>ti<hi rend="grantha">la</hi>ta</lem>
<note><foreign>tilata</foreign> is a <foreign>tadbhava</foreign> of Sanskrit <foreign>tilaka</foreign>.</note>
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<div type="translation" source="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyar1911-1912_01">
<p n="1">Hail ! Prosperity !</p>
<p n="1-2">In the fourth year <supplied reason="subaudible">of the reign</supplied> of Dantivarman who was born in the Pallavatilaka family which had sprung from the Bhāradvāja-gōtra, Kampaṉ Araiyaṉ, the younger brother of Vicaiyanallūḻāṉ of Ālampākkam, commenced <supplied reason="subaudible">to build</supplied> the big well at Teṉṉūr<note>The southern part of Tiruveḷḷaṟai was probably called Teṉṉūr in ancient times.</note> in Tiruveḷḷaṟai and completed <supplied reason="subaudible">it</supplied> in the fifth <supplied reason="subaudible">year of the same reign</supplied>.</p>
<p n="2">Mārppiṭuku-peruṅkiṇaṟu is the name of this <supplied reason="subaudible">well</supplied>.</p>
<p n="2">The three-thousand and seven hundred<note>The signatory of one of the inscriptions of Rājarāja (A.D. 985-1013) found at Māmallapuram in the Chingleput District is a certain Tiruvaṭikaḷ Maṇikaṇṭhaṉ, a native of Tiruveḷ<supplied reason="omitted">ḷ</supplied>arai. He calls himself as one of the 3700 of that village (<hi rend="italic">South-Ind. Inscrs.</hi> Vol. I, p. 65). This seems to indicate that at an early period there was a body of 3700 at Tiruveḷḷaṟai to whom later members traced their descent. Reference to another such body of men is found in the expression <foreign>Tiḷḷai-mūvāyiravar</foreign>.</note> of this village shall protect this <supplied reason="subaudible">charity</supplied>.</p>
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<p n="1">
Prospérité ! Fortune !
</p>
<p n="1-2">
Kampaṉ Araiyaṉ, le frère cadet de Vicaiyanallūḻāṉ d’Ālampākkam, a commencé le grand puits de Teṉṉūr à Tiruveḷḷaṟai <supplied reason="subaudible">en</supplied> la quatrième année de Tantivarman<note>Sanskrit Dantivarman.</note>, qui est issu de la famille dont l'éponyme Pallava est l'ornement <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pallava-tilata-kula</foreign></supplied>, apparue dans la lignée du <foreign>gotra</foreign> de Bharadvāja, et l'a achevé en <supplied reason="subaudible">sa</supplied> cinquième année.
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<p n="2">
Son nom est grand puits de Mārppiṭuku.
</p>
<p n="2">
Les trois mille sept cents de ce village protègent ceci<note>C'est-à-dire le puits en tant que donation.</note>.
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<div type="commentary">
<p>
See also inscription <ref target="DHARMA_INSPallava00525.xml">Pallava 525</ref>.
</p>
<p n="1">
<foreign><hi rend="grantha">palla</hi>va-ti<hi rend="grantha">la</hi>ta-ku<hi rend="grantha">lorbha</hi>vaṉ</foreign>. <foreign><hi rend="grantha">palla</hi>va-ku<hi rend="grantha">la</hi>-ti<hi rend="grantha">la</hi>to<hi rend="grantha">rbha</hi>vaṉ</foreign>, "who appeared as the ornament of the Pallava lineage" would be more straightforward. Alternatively, as suggested by Christophe Vielle, <foreign><hi rend="grantha">palla</hi>va-ti<hi rend="grantha">la</hi>ta-ku<hi rend="grantha">lorbha</hi>vaṉ</foreign> can be translated as "who appeared in the lineage whose ornament is the sprout", with a play, attested elsewehere in the Pallava corpus, on the dynastic name Pallava ("sprout" in Sanskrit). As the the phrase <foreign>pallava-tilaka</foreign>, "ornament of the Pallava (lineage)", is also attested in the Pallava corpus as an epithet of Pallava kings, it seems that the present writer either deliberately used it in a new way or misused it. On this epithet, see <bibl><ptr target="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyar1911-1912_01"/><citedRange unit="page">157</citedRange></bibl>.<!--update!-->
</p>
<p n="2">
<foreign>mārppiṭuku</foreign>. See <bibl><ptr target="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyar1911-1912_01"/><citedRange unit="page">156</citedRange></bibl>.<!--update!-->
</p>
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<div type="bibliography">
<p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1905-1906"/></bibl> (ARIE/1905-1906/B/1905/541).</p>
<p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyar1911-1912_01"/></bibl> (EI 11.15). Text and summary in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mahalingam1988_01"/></bibl> (IP 98).</p>
<p>This revised edition by Emmanuel Francis, based on autopsy, photos, and the visual documentation published in <bibl><ptr target="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyar1911-1912_01"/></bibl>.</p>
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<note>Summary only.</note>
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