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<title>Vīraṇam, time of Kampappōttaraiyar, year 14</title>
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<forename>Emmanuel</forename>
<surname>Francis</surname>
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<respStmt>
<resp>intellectual authorship of edition</resp>
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<forename>Emmanuel</forename>
<surname>Francis</surname>
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<pubPlace>Paris, CEIAS</pubPlace>
<idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSPallava00311</idno>
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<p>This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported
Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to
Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,
California, 94041, USA.</p>
<p>Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.</p>
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<date from="2019" to="2025">2019-2025</date>
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<summary>Hero-stone inscription commemorating the death of a hero in battle. See <ref target="DHARMA_INSPallava00312">INSPallava00312</ref>, same date, of very similar content.</summary>
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<p>The <foreign>puḷḷi</foreign> is occasionally used. Medial <foreign>i</foreign> and <foreign>ī</foreign> interchangeable. <foreign>ṉ</foreign> (with long right stroke) similar to <foreign>ḷ</foreign>.</p>
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<p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC)
under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant
agreement no 809994).</p>
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<div type="edition" xml:lang="tam-Latn" rendition="class:tamil maturity:83215">
<!--Display issue: milestone: chariot return before and after, except first milestone, for which chariot return only after???-->
<ab xml:lang="san-Latn" rendition="class:grantha maturity:83215">
<milestone type="pagelike" n="A" unit="zone"/><label xml:lang="eng">Above the warrior figure</label>
<lb n="1"/>svasti śrī
</ab>
<p>
kō-vicaiya-kam·pa-p·-pōttarai
<lb n="2" break="no"/>yarkku yāṇṭu patiṉāl-āvatu
</p>
<p>
vāṇa-kō-v-araiya
<lb n="3" break="no"/>r va<choice><sic>I</sic><corr>yi</corr></choice>ra-mēkaṉār vāṇa-kō-p-pāṭiyum<unclear>·</unclear> Ilāṭai-p-pā
<lb n="4" break="no"/>ṭiyum milāṭuñ cōḻa-nāṭṭu-k kāviri<choice><orig>-I</orig><reg>yi</reg></choice>ṉ va
<lb n="5" break="no"/>ṭa-karai Ellām āḷā-niṉṟa kālattu vēṇāṭu mu<choice><sic>ṉ</sic><corr>n</corr></choice>-nū
<lb n="6" break="no"/>ṟu<choice><orig>mm</orig><reg>m</reg></choice> e<choice><sic>I</sic><corr>yi</corr></choice>ṉāṭ’ ain-nūṟu Āṇṭa nan<unclear>·</unclear>ti pe
<milestone type="pagelike" n="B" unit="zone"/><label xml:lang="eng">Left of the warrior figure</label><!--Display issue: hyphen added after label content-->
<lb n="7" break="no"/>ru-māṉār
<lb n="8" />makaṉār A
<lb n="9" break="no"/>kkaḻi-malla
<lb n="10" break="no"/>ṉār ve<choice><sic>ṉ</sic><corr>ṇ</corr></choice>ṇa
<lb n="11" break="no"/>mum i-cātta<unclear>ṉū</unclear>
<lb n="12" break="no"/>ru<choice><orig>m<unclear>m</unclear></orig><reg>m</reg></choice> āḷā-niṟka
<lb n="13"/>maṅkaḷa-nā
<lb n="14" break="no"/>ṭ-uṭaiya mā
<lb n="15" break="no"/>-tēvar paṭai
<lb n="16"/>cāttaṉūrai
<lb n="17"/>Eṟiya
<milestone type="pagelike" n="1" unit="zone"/><label xml:lang="eng">Left of the warrior figure</label>
<lb n="18"/>ve<choice><orig>ṉ</orig><reg>ṇ</reg></choice>ṇa
<lb n="19" break="no"/>m-uṭaiya
<lb n="20"/>maḻa-nāṭa<unclear>r</unclear>
<lb n="21"/>moṭappa
<lb n="22" break="no"/>ṉ piṉpu ce
<lb n="23" break="no"/>ṉṟu piṇa
<lb n="24" break="no"/>ṅki vēṇā
<lb n="25" break="no"/>ṭṭ’ ellai
<lb n="26" break="no"/>yiṟ kārā
<lb n="27" break="no"/>-c-caṅkaṉ
<lb n="28" /><surplus>p-</surplus>paṭṭār
</p>
<p>
<lb n="29"/>maḻa-nā
<lb n="30" break="no"/><unclear>ṭar</unclear> kal
</p>
</div>
<div type="apparatus">
<listApp>
<app loc="1">
<lem>°kam·pa-p·°</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Nakacami1972_01">°kampa°</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="4">
<lem>milāṭuñ</lem>
<note>The final character <foreign>ñ</foreign> looks like <foreign>ṉā</foreign>.</note>
</app>
<app loc="10">
<lem>ve<choice><sic>ṉ</sic><corr>ṇ</corr></choice>ṇa<lb n="11" break="no"/>mum</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Nakacami1972_01">veṇṇa<lb n="11" break="no"/>mum</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="11">
<lem>i-cātta<unclear>ṉū</unclear><lb n="12" break="no"/>ru<choice><orig>m<unclear>m</unclear></orig><reg>m</reg></choice> āḷā°</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Nakacami1972_01">i-cātta<unclear>ṉū</unclear><lb n="12" break="no"/>rumm āḷā</rdg>
</app>
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<div type="translation" resp="part:emfr">
<p n="1-2">
Fourteenth year of the victorious king Kampapōttaraiyar.<note>Sanskrit Kampa + Tamil Pōttaraiyar. That is, the Pallava king Kampa.</note>
</p>
<p n="2-28">
<list>
<item>When <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kālattu</foreign><note>Literally: at the time.</note></supplied> Vāṇakōvaraiyar Vayiramēkaṉār was currently/continuously ruling over <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>āḷā-niṉṟa</foreign></supplied> the whole <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ellām</foreign></supplied> of the Vāṇakōppāṭi, Ilāṭaippāṭi Milāṭu, and the northern bank of the Kāvēri <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kāviri</foreign></supplied> in the Cōḻanāṭu,</item>
<item>whereas Akkaḻimallaṉār—the son of Nanti-perumāṉār who was ruling <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>āṇṭa</foreign></supplied> over the Vēṇātu three-hundred and the Eyiṟnāṭu <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>e-Iṉāṭ'</foreign></supplied> five-hundred— was currently/continuously ruling over <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>āḷā-niṉṟa</foreign></supplied> Veṇṇam and this Cāttaṉūr in the Mēṟkōvalūrnāṭu,</item>
<item>whereas the army of Mātēvar, the Lord, of Maṅkaḷanāṭu, attacked <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>eṟiya</foreign></supplied> Cāttaṉūr,</item>
</list>
Moṭappaṉ, a man from Maḻanāṭu, the Lord of Veṇṇam,
went after <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>piṉpu ceṉṟu</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">the enemies</supplied>, mingled <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>piṅaṅki</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">with them</supplied>, and died at the border <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ellai</foreign></supplied> of Vēṇāṭu,
<supplied reason="subaudible">along with</supplied> Kārāccaṅkaṉ.
</p>
<p n="29-30">
Stone <supplied reason="subaudible">planted by</supplied> the Maḻanāṭar-s<note>That is, the inhabitants of the Maḻanāṭu.</note>.
</p>
</div>
<!--<div type="translation" xml:lang="fra" resp="part:emfr"/>-->
<!--<div type="commentary"/>-->
<div type="bibliography">
<p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Nakacami1972_01"/></bibl> (CN 1971/47). Text and summary in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mahalingam1988_01"/></bibl> (IP 311).</p>
<p>This digital edition by Emmanuel Francis, based on <bibl><ptr target="bib:Nakacami1972_01"/></bibl> and partial photographic coverage<!--add detail of coverage-->.</p>
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<citedRange unit="page">185</citedRange>
<citedRange unit="item">311</citedRange>
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