Śrīraṅgam, Raṅganātha, time of Rājakesarivarman alias Cakravartin Kulottuṅga Cōḻa, year 11 author of digital edition Dorotea Operato Emmanuel Francis DHARMA Paris DHARMA_INStfaSIIv24p0i0053

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2019-2025
DHARMAbase Grant of tax exemptions for certain lands after the temple they belonged to failed to protect its treasure during a conflict between Right-hand and Left-hand castes/classes

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śrī-rājamahe ṃdra-caturvve di-maṅkalattu-k ka lveṭṭu

svasti śrī pukaḻ cūḻnta puṇari Akaḻ cūnta puviyil poṉṉēmi Aḷavum taṉṉēmi naṭappa viḷaṅku-jaya-makaḷai y-iḷaṅkō-p-paruvattu-c cakkara-kōṭṭattu vikkirama-t-toḻilāl putu-maṇam puṇarntu matuvarai y-īṭṭam vayira-karattu vāri Ayir-muṉai-k kontaḷa-varaicar taṉtaḷa miriya vāḷ-uṟai kaḻittu-t tōḷ-vali kāṭṭiya r-p-pari naṭātti kīrttiyai niṟutti vaṭa-ticai vākai cūṭi-t ten-ticai-t tēmaru kamala-p pū-makaḷ potumaiyum poṉṉi-y-āṭaiyum naṉṉila-p-pāvaiyum taṉimaiyum tavira punitaṟ tiru-makuṭa murimaiyiṟ cūṭi-t taṉṉaṭi y-iraṇṭum taṭa-muṭi-y-āka-t toṉṉila ventar cūṭa munṉai manu-v-āṟu peruka-k kali-y-āṟu vaṟuppa-c ceṅ-kōl ticai toṟuñ cella veṇ-kuṭai Iru-nila viḷākamum veṅkaṇum tanātu tiru-niḻal veṇṇalā-t tikaḻ Oru taṉi mēruviṟ puliviḷaiyāṭa vārkaṭaṟ tīvān tarattu pūpālar tiṟaiviṭutanta kalañcorikaḷ irum muṟai niṟpa viḷaṅkiya teṉṉavan karun talai parun talai-t tiṭattaṉ poṉṉakar-p puṟatt' iṭai-k kiṭappa In-nāḷ piṟkula-p piṟai pōl niṟ-piḻai Ennuñ coll' etir kōṭiṟṟ' allatu taṉkai vill' etir kōṭā vikkalaṉ kallatar naṅkili tuṭaṅki maṇalūr naṭu-v-eṉa tuṅka-pattirai y-aḷav' uṟṟu veṅkaṇum paṭṭa veṅkaḷiṟum viṭṭa taṉ mānamum kūṟiṉa vīramum kiṭappa Ēṟiṉa malaikaḷum mutuku neḷippa Iḻinta natikaḷum cuḻaṉṟuṭain tōṭa viḻunta kaṭalkaḷum talaiviri-t talamara kuṭa-ticai-t tan-nāḷ ukantu tāṉum tāṉaiyum pannāḷ iṭṭamum pala-pala mutukum paḻi y-ukantu kuṭutta pukaḻiṉ celviyum vāḷeri oṇkaṇ maṭaṉtaiyar īṭṭamum miḷātu kuṭutta veṅkari niraiyum kaṅka-maṇṭalamum paraṇi Iraṇṭum Oru-vicai-k kai-k-koṇṭu īṇṭi-p pukaḻoṭum pāṇṭi-maṇṭaḷaṅ koḷḷa-t tiruvuḷḷatt' aṭaittu veḷḷa varupaṟi-t taraṅkamum porupari-t talaṅkaḷum tantira vāriyum Uṭaittāy vantu vaṭa-kaṭal teṉ-kaṭal pāyvatu pōla-t taṉ peruñ ceṉaiyai Evi-p pañcavar ai-y varum poruta pōrkaḷa-t tañci veru neḷitaṭan toṭi Araṇeṉa-p-pukka kāṭaṟa-t tuṭaittu nāṭṭi-p paṭuttu maṟṟavar tammai vanacarar tiriyum koṟṟa veñcura meṟṟi koṟṟa vijaiaya-stampam ticai toṟum niṟutti muttin calāpamum mu-t-tamiḻ-p potiyilum mattaveṅ karipaṭu mayya-c ceyyum kanniyum kai-k-koṇṭ' aruḷi-t tennāṭṭu ellai kāṭṭiya kaṭal-malai nāṭ taṉi vīcum peṟa mā-v-eṟiya taṉ varutaṉi-t talai-varai-k kuṟukalar kulaiya-k koṭṭāṟuṭ-paṭa neṟi-toṟum nilaikaḷ iṭṭ’ aruḷi tiṟai koḷ vīra-sihāsanam tiriya viṭṭ’ aruḷi poṅkoḷiyāramum tiru-p-puya-t-talaṅkaḷum pōla vīramum tiyākamum viḷaṅka pār-micai mevalar vaṉaṅka vīra-siṁhā-sanattu viṟṟirunt' aruḷiya

kō-v-irāja-kēcari-panmar-āna cakkara-varttikaḷ śrī-kulōttuṅka-cōḻa-devaṟku yāṇṭu 10 1-Āvatu .

nitta-vinōta-vaḷa-nāṭṭu kāntāra-nāṭṭu brahma-deyam śrī-rāja-mahentra-c-catur-vedi-maṅkalattu peruṅ-kuṟi-p-peru-makkaḷōm Ivv-āṭṭai kaṟkaṭaka-nāyaṟṟu Apara-pakṣattu pañca-deśiyum nāyiṟṟu-k-kiḻamaiyum Āyilliyamum peṟṟa Iṉṟu puḷi-v-illi-varai nallāṉ paṭṭaṅ kuḷa-k-karaiyilē dhanmi ceytu peruṅ-kuṟi kūṭi y-iruntu vyavasthai paṇṇi nammūr tiru-mēl-kōyil-āna śrī-mummuṭi-cōḻa-viṇṇakar-āḻvār nilaṅkaḷ Iṟaiyili ceytu kuṭutta paric' āvatu

It-tēvar śrī-paṇṭārattu yāṇṭu 2-Āvatu Ānni-t-tiṅkaḷ Iṭaṅkai valaṅkai y-āy Ūrum cu ṭum Oṭukki tiru-muṟṟaṅkaḷum Aḻittu tiru-v-urukkaḷum śrī-paṇṭāraṅkaḷum kaḷḷar eṭuttu-k koṇṭu pōy Irunta Iṭattu kaḷḷarkku piḻaitta tiravviyamum srī-paṇṭārattu Irakṣikka Uṇṇāmai-y-ālum Ūr irukka cilar Ūr Eṟum iṭattukku sabhā-viniyōkattukku dravyaṁ vēṇṭutalālum tiru-muṟṟaṅkaḷ aḻivu cora-v-um puna-pratiṣṭai paṇ ṇa-v-um matiḷ kaṭṭa-v-um vēṇṭutalālum It-tēvar-k kanmikaḷ pakkal nāṅkaḷ koṇṭa pon kuṭiñai-k-kallāl Irājentira-cōḻan māṭaikku Arai māṟṟu-t tāḻum pon Aym-patin kaḻañcum Ip-ponnṉṉukku palicai y-āka poliñca pon Irupatt' ayṅ-kaḻañcum Āka-p pon Eḻupatt' ayṅ -kaḻañcum

palicai polinta pon Irupatt' aiy-kaḻañcum Āka-p pon Eḻupatt' aiyṅ-kaḻañcil yāṇṭu muūṉṟ-āvatu tiru-muṟṟam Aḻivu cora-v-um puna-pratiṣṭhai paṇṇa-v-um kuṭutta pon Ayṅ-kaḻañcu niīkki-p pon Eḻupatin kaḻañcukkum cantirātitta-vaṟ Iṟaiyili ceytu kuṭutta nilaṅkaḷ āvatu

trai-lo kkiya-mā-tēvi-vatikku kiḻakkum viknēcuvara-vāy-k-kālukku vaṭakkum mutaṟ kaṇṇāṟṟu mutaṟ catirattu cūḻnta vilai-nilam Ēḻu mākkāṇi-c cinnattil kiḻakk' aṭaiya nilam mākāṇi-c cinnamum I-t-tēvar ciy-paṇṭārattu-p pon kuṭuttu-p pon kuṭuttu-k koṇṭatu kuṇṭuūr nilam kuḻi pakkal koṇṭatu Iṅkē Iraṇṭāñ catirattu-t tani nilam mu ntirikaiyum Iṅkē-y trai-lokkiya-mā-tevi-vatikku kiḻakku mummuṭi-cōḻa-vāykkālukku vaṭakku Eḻāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu mutal catirattu-k kiḻakk' aṭaiya nilam muūnṟu māvil Itaṉ mēṟku nilam vempūr pōcan viṉaiya-ma-paṭṭan pakkal tēvar ci-paṇṭārattu-p pon kuṭuttu-k koṇṭa nilam Oru mā muntirikaiyum Inkē Eṭṭāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu Iraṇṭāñ catirattu mēṟk' aṭaiya nilam Oru mā-varai-c cinnattil Itiṉ kiḻakku nilam mukkāṇi-c cinnattil vaṭakk' aṭaiya natta-nilam kāṇi muntirikai-k kiīḻ-k kālin mēṟk' aṭaiya nilam Arai-k-kāṇi niīkki mēṟ-paṭiyāṉ pakkal-k koṇṭa nilam muntirikaiyum lōka-mā-tēvi-vatikku meṟku mum muṭi-cōḻa-vāy-k-kālukku vaṭakkum Añcāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu mutaṟ catirattu vaṭa-mēṟk' aṭaiya nilam kāṇi muntirikai-k kiīḻ araiyil kiḻakk' aṭaiya nilam Arai-k-kāṇi muntirikaiyum Āka nilam muūnṟu mā muntirikaiyum

Ivv-āṇṭu mutal cantrātitta-vaṟ tēvar taṅkaḷ pannṉṉiraṇṭ’ āntarattilē Iṟai Iṟukka nāṅkaḷ Ivv-āḻvār ciy-paṇṭārat tu nāṅkaḷ koṇṭa poṉnukkum palicaikkum cielav' āka In-nilattāl vanta peru-variyyum mañcikkamum cila-variyum veḷḷān-veṭṭiyum makamaiyum paṇṭai-veṭṭiyum Antarāyamum kulai-kurampum Eccōṟum cūṟṟ-ariciyum Ūrāṭṭu variyum Uḷḷiṭṭa tiru-vācalil pōnta kaṭamaiyum maṟṟum E p-peṟpaṭṭat’ ellām nāṅkalēy Iṟukka-k kaṭavōm āka In-nilaṅkaḷ cantrātitta-vaṟ Iṟaiyiliyē Anupavikka peṟuvār ākavum

I-pramāṇa-p paṭiyē tēvar-kanmikaḷ kallilum cempilum veṭṭu-vittu-k koḷḷa-p peṟuvārkaḷ ākavum

Ip-paṭikku In-nilaṅkaḷ cantirātitta-vaṟ Iṟaiyili ceytu kuṭuttōm peruṅ-kuṟi peru-makkalōm .

Ip-paricu sabhaiy-uḷ iruntu karai-p pōntu paṇittār śrī-rājentra-cōḻa-c-cēri-kalikkili-maṅkalattu kaṭampan tiru-virām-icuvara-paṭṭan paṇiyālum ja-mahentra-c-cēri kirāmpi-c-ceṭṭu Urudra-nārāyaṇa-bhaṭṭan paṇiyālum mummuṭi-cōḻa-c-cēri nampūr-k kāṭṭukkai vira-nāta-panma-bhaṭṭar paṇiyālum vikkirama-ciṅka-c-cēri kuṇṭūr cantra-kṛṣṇaṉ paṭṭaṉ paṇiyālum tri-bhuvana-mā tevi-c-cēri Irāyūr kēcuva-paṭṭar paṇiyālum Irājādhirāja-c-cēri Irāyūr-t tiru-varaṅka-tēva-daśa-priya-paṭṭan paṇiyālum

Ivai ceyya tāmarai-k-kaṇṇaṉ tiru-vāy-k-kulam-uṭaiyānna śrī-rāma-priyan eḻuttu . Ip-paṭikku kuṇṭuūr kauśika-bhaṭṭanenṉēṉ . Ip-paṭikku kuṇṭuūr rāmiśvaranenṉēṉ . Ip-paṭikku kuṇṭuūr keraṉa-paṭṭanenṉēṉ Ip-paṭikku vaṅki-p-puṟa ttu coṭṭa-bhojan tiru-veṇkāṭu-paṭṭan eḻuttu . Ittham· vigatam· kauśinvayajātena bhava-svāmi-sūnunāya caṁdra-kumareṇa . Ip-paṭikku rita-tilośana-paṭṭanenṉēṉ . Ittha vidantavotṭhana-śrī-kraṣṇadam· . Ip-patikku piṟāntūr tiru-nāṭuṭaiyānenṉēṉ . svāmi-pāda-catur-veta-paṭṭanenṉēṉ .

Ip-pati Aṟivēn Uṟupuṭṭūr kēśava-nārāyaṇa-paṭṭanenṉēṉ . Ip-pati Aṟivēn ceṭṭi-bhojan para-vāsu-deva-paṭṭanenṉēṉ. Ip-pati Aṟivēn sakasai somāditya-daśapriya-paṭṭanenṉēṉ . Ip-pati Aṟivēn kārampiceṭṭu drāgakai śrī-kṛṣṇa-bhaṭṭan makaṉ suūriya-bhaṭṭanenṉēṉ . timmayar vinayatā-śarmmaṇātreya-gotre . Ittham· vigatam· bhara-dvāja-gotreṇa kumāra-paṭṭanenṉēṉ . Ittham· vigatam· kuṇthanya-gotreṇa vaina kurava-c-cēri vipranāta-bhaṭṭasya . Ip-patikku śrī-kraṣṇa-deśa-priya-bhaṭṭasya . Ip-patikku kurava-c-cēri nanti-bhaṭṭanenṉēṉ . Ip-patikku dveya-goma-puṟattu cakara-pāṇi-c-caturveti-paṭṭasya. Ip-pati Aṟivēn bhara-dvāji-viṣṇu-sarmmaṇena . Ip-pati Aṟivēn bhara-dvāja-gotreṇa tri-vikkirama-paṭṭanenṉēṉ Ip-pati Aṟivēn madhu-sūdhananenṉēṉ . Ip-pati Aṟivēn dāmodara-bhaṭṭanenṉēṉ . Ip-pati Aṟivēn daśa-priya-bhaṭṭanenṉēṉ . Ip-pati Aṟivēn kuravaicari bhārggavan loakṣmaeanenṉēṉ .

svasti
r-p-pari Probably read pōr-p-parai. nilam Araikkāṇi nilam m Araikkāṇi

Inscription of the glorious RājamahendracaturvedimaṅgalamSee (p. 55, fn. 1): The following lines are engraved on the margin of the record on the left of lines 1-4.

Prosperity! Fortune!

Year 11th of the emperor, the glorious king Kulottuṅga Cōḻa alias the king Rājakesarivarman,

who [meykkīrtti of Kulottuṅga I Cōḻa]

This is the manner in which we, the great men of the great assembly of Śrīrājamahentracaturvedi maṅgalam, which is a brahmadeya in Kāntāranāṭu, within Nittavinōtavaḷanāṭu, on this day, which coincides with Āyiliyam star, a Sunday, the 15th day of the dark fortnight of the month of Kaṟkaṭaka having blowed the conch dhanmi ceytu, having gathered a big assembly and sit, and having made a resolution vyavasthai paṇṇi on the bank of the tank , have given lands, having made them tax-free iraiyili ceytu, to Śrī Mummuṭi Cōḻa, god of the Viṣṇu temple alias the glorious Western temple in our village.

During the month of Āṉi, on the 2nd year of this king, while the Right-hand and Left-hand communities brought down the village and the ground cuṭum,Probably an abbreviation for cuṭu-kāṭum. and destroyed the courtyards of the temple, thieves stole the sacred idols tiru-v-urukkalum and treasures from the glorious treasury of this god. Since it was not possible uṇṇāmai-y-ālum to protect the glorious treasury and the gold tiraviyam from the thieves in the place where they had been kept, since some of the villagers need resources for the expenditures of the assembly sabha-viniyōkattukku, since there is need to repair the destruction of the courtyards, to make a new installation of the idols, and to construct a wall, the gold that we obtained from the temple officers of this god is fifty kaḻañcus Arai māṟṟu-t tāḻum per gold coin māṭai of Rājēndracōḻa according to kuṭiñaikkal standard, twenty-five kaḻañcus of gold that were released on the interests from these, that is, seventy-five kaḻañcus.

There are lands which we have given, having made them tax-free as long as the moon and the sun endure, for the seventy kaḻañcus of gold that remained from the seventy-five kaḻañcus that included twenty-five kaḻañcus of gold released on interests, after having removed nīkki five kaḻañcus of gold that we had given on the 3rd regnal year to repair the destruction of the courtyard and make the new installation of the deity, that is:

Description of the lands ... ... ... ... ...

In this manner, starting from this year, we, the great people of the great assembly, have granted these lands tax-free as long as the moon and the sun endure, so that there is an income celavu from the interests and from the gold that we got from the glorious treasury of this god as long as the moon and the sun endure, so that these lands shall be enjoyed as tax-free as long as the moon and the sun endure, as we shall continue to collect all these kinds of taxes and dues that come from these lands, which include major taxes peru-vari, mañcikkam tax, minor taxes cila-vari, veḷḷān-veṭṭi tax, contributions in grain makamai, paṇṭai-veṭṭi tributes, internal temple revenues antarāyam, and kulai-kurampu tributes; others include the provision of cooked rice eccōṟu, tax for husking paddy into rice kuṟṟ-arici, tax on village sheep ūrāṭṭu-vari, obligatory duties to be performed at the temple gate tiru-vācalil pōnta kaṭamai, so that the temple officers should obtain to have this agreement engraved on stone and copper according to this agreement.

In this manner, sitting in assembly, those who ordered so having reached the bank of the tank: by order of Katampaṉ ...; by order of Rudranārāyaṇabhaṭṭa ...; ...

List of signatories ...; ...; ...

List of witnesses ...; ...; ...

Reported in (ARIE/1936-1937/B/1936-1937/31).

Edited in (SII 24.53).

This digital edition by Dorotea Operato and Emmanuel Francis, based on .

53-55 53 11 B/1936-1937 31 551