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<title>Ukkal, Perumāḷ temple, time of Parakesarivarman Rājendra Cōḻa, year 4</title>
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<forename>Eugen</forename>
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<p>Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.</p>
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<div type="edition" xml:lang="tam-Latn" rendition="class:tamil maturity:83215">
<ab xml:lang="san-Latn" rendition="class:grantha maturity:83215">
<lb n="1"/>svasti śrī
</ab>
<p>
kō-<supplied reason="undefined">p</supplied>-para-kēcari-pa<hi rend="grantha">nma</hi>r-āṉa śrī-rāje<hi rend="grantha">nti</hi>ra-<supplied reason="undefined">c</supplied>ōḻa-<hi rend="grantha">de</hi>vaṟku yāṇṭu 4-Āvatu
</p>
<p>
jayaṅ-koṇṭa-cōḻa-maṇṭalattu-k kāliyūr-k kōṭṭattu-t ta
<lb n="2" break="no"/><supplied reason="undefined">ṉ</supplied> kūṟṟu Ukkal-ākiya vikkira<supplied reason="undefined">m</supplied>āparaṇa-c-ca<supplied reason="undefined">tu</supplied>rvēti-maṅkalattu <hi rend="grantha">mahā-sabhai</hi>yōm nila-vilai-y-āvaṇa-k-kai-<choice><orig>yy</orig><reg>y</reg></choice>-eḻuttu
</p>
<p>
Uṭaiyār <hi rend="grantha">śrī-rā</hi>
<lb n="3" break="no"/><hi rend="grantha">j<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>e</corr></choice></hi>n=tira-cōḻa-tēvar paṇi-makaṉ veṇkuṉṟa-k-kōṭṭa<supplied reason="undefined">t</supplied>tu-k <supplied reason="undefined">ku</supplied>vaḷaikōṭu-nāṭṭu-k kuvaḷaikōṭ-āṉa Aṉavara<supplied reason="omitted">ta</supplied>-cun=tara-<supplied reason="undefined">nal</supplied>lūr-<supplied reason="undefined">k</supplied> kōmuḻāṉ Ar<supplied reason="undefined">ai</supplied>
<lb n="4" break="no"/><supplied reason="omitted">ya</supplied>ṉ pala-tēvaṉ Emm-<choice><orig>u</orig><reg>ū</reg></choice>r Ērikku <hi rend="grantha">vai</hi>tta Ō(ā)ṭam<!--<ref t="3:16-2"/>: The <ta>ā</ta> may have been added to mark the length of the preceding vowel <ta>o</ta>.--><!--EF: a device for noting long Ō?--> Ira<add place="unspecified">ṇ</add>ṭiṉukkum pōkam-āka viṟṟu-k kuṭutta nilam āvatu
</p>
<p>
paṉan=-tūmpin kālvaḻi <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-<supplied reason="undefined">y</supplied>ār<choice><orig>u</orig><reg>ū</reg></choice>r kaḻaṉiyil <hi rend="grantha">sa<supplied reason="undefined">bh</supplied>ai</hi>
<lb n="5" break="no"/>-p potu-vāy-k kiṭan=ta nila-maṇal-īṭṭuk=ku vaṭakkum mēl-pāṟk' ellai kuṭi-makkaḷ <supplied reason="undefined">pū</supplied>mikku kiḻakku vaṭa-pāṟk' ellai kuṭi-makkaḷ Iṟai-p-pūmikkum <hi rend="grantha">subrahmaṇya</hi>
<lb n="6" break="no"/>-<supplied reason="undefined">v</supplied>āykkālukku teṟku naṭuvu-paṭṭa nila mēṟku niṉṟu A<supplied reason="undefined">ṭ</supplied>aiya-p patiṉ aṟu cāṇ kōlāl m<choice><orig>u</orig><reg>ū</reg></choice>-v-āyiraṅ kuḻiyum mēlai <supplied reason="undefined">Ē</supplied>ri Etir-vāyiṟ kaḻumpar-uṭaiyār <supplied reason="undefined">mu</supplied>ṉ Ō(ā)<!--EF: a device for noting long Ō?-->
<lb n="7" break="no"/>ṭattukku koṇṭu vaitta Ētta nīkki Itaṉukku kiḻakku Añc' ēttamum viṟṟu vilai-y-āvaṇañ ceytu kuṭuttōm
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<p>
Iru-kāl-āvatu mu-k-kāl-āvatu
<lb n="8" break="no"/>m paṉan=-tūmpiṉ kālvaḻi <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-yār<choice><orig>u</orig><reg>ū</reg></choice>r-k kaḻaṉiyil maṇal-īṭṭukku vaṭakku mē<supplied reason="undefined">l</supplied>-pāṟk' ellai kuṭi-makkaḷ Iṟai-p-pūmikku kiḻakku va<supplied reason="undefined">ṭa</supplied>-pāṟk' ellai kuṭi-mak
<lb n="9" break="no"/>kaḷ pūmikkum <hi rend="grantha">subr<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>hmaṇya</hi>-vāykkālukku teṟkum mēṟku <supplied reason="undefined">ni</supplied>ṉṟu A<supplied reason="undefined">ṭaiya</supplied> patiṉ aṟu cāṇ kōlāl m<choice><orig>u</orig><reg>ū</reg></choice>-v-āyiraṅ kuḻiyum mēlai Ēri Etir-vāyiṟ kaḻumpa<supplied reason="undefined">r-uṭ</supplied>aiyār muṉ Ō
<lb n="10" break="no"/>ṭattukku koṇṭu vaitta Ētta n<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>ī</reg></choice>kki Itaṉukku kiḻakku Añc' ēttamum viṟṟu <supplied reason="undefined">vilai</supplied>-y-āvaṇañ cey<supplied reason="undefined">tu</supplied> kuṭuttu Iṉ-nilattukku v<choice><orig>ī</orig><reg>i</reg></choice>lai-<hi rend="grantha">dravya</hi>mum Iṟai-<hi rend="grantha">dravya</hi>mum Aṟa-k ko
<lb n="11" break="no"/>ṇṭu Iṟai-y-ili-y-āka viṟṟu vilai-y-āvaṇañ ceytu kuṭuttō<supplied reason="omitted">m</supplied> <hi rend="grantha">ma</hi>hā-<hi rend="grantha">sa<supplied reason="omitted">bhai</supplied></hi>yōm
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<p>
kuṟiyu<choice><orig>ḷḷ</orig><reg>ḷ</reg></choice> irun=tu paṇi kēṭṭ' eḻutiṉēṉ Iv<supplied reason="undefined">v-ū</supplied>r-k-karaṇattāṉ <hi rend="grantha">madhyas<choice><orig>t</orig><reg>th</reg></choice>a</hi>ṉ
<lb n="12"/>poṟṟi-k-kuṟi kāḷi-tēvaṭi-y-ā<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>a I<supplied reason="omitted">ra</supplied>ṇṭ-āyirattu-nā-<supplied reason="undefined">nū</supplied>ṟṟuva<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>-ēṉ
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<p>
Ivai E<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> Eḻuttu</p>
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<div type="translation" source="bib:Hultzsch1899_01">
<p n="1">Hail! Prosperity! In the 4th year <supplied reason="subaudible">of the reign</supplied> of king Parakesarivarman, <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> Śrī-Rājendra-Cōḻadeva. The hand-writing, <supplied reason="subaudible">referring to</supplied> a deed of sale <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vilaiyāvaṇam</foreign></supplied> of land, of us, the great assembly of Ukkal, <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> Vikramābharaṇa-caturvedimaṅgala, <supplied reason="subaudible">a village</supplied> in its own subdivision of Kāliyūr-kōṭṭam, <supplied reason="subaudible">a district</supplied> of Jayaṅkoṇṭa-Cōḻa-maṇṭalam.</p>
<p n="2">The following land was sold for the maintenance of two boats <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ōṭam</foreign></supplied> which had been assigned to the tank in our village by Kōmuḻāṉ Arai<supplied reason="undefined">ya</supplied>ṉ Baladevaṉ, a servant of the lord Śrī-Rājendra-Cōḻa-deva <supplied reason="subaudible">and a native</supplied> of Kuvaḷaikōṭu, <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> Anavara<supplied reason="undefined">ta</supplied>cuntaranallūr, <supplied reason="subaudible">a village</supplied> in Kuvaḷaikōṭu-nāṭu, <supplied reason="subaudible">a subdivision</supplied> of Veṇkuṉṟakōṭṭam.</p>
<p n="4">We have sold, and executed a deed of sale for, (1) three thousand <foreign>kuḻi</foreign>s,——<supplied reason="subaudible">measured</supplied> by a rod of sixteen spans <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>cāṇ</foreign></supplied>, beginning <supplied reason="subaudible">to measure</supplied> from the west,——of land, which was the common property of the assembly, <supplied reason="subaudible">which belonged</supplied> to the field <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kaḻaṉi</foreign></supplied> of Śrīyārūr on the channel of the ‘Palmyra sluice’ <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paṉan-tūmpu</foreign></supplied>, <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> which was situated to the north of a heap of sand, to the east of the land of the villagers, and to the south of the land <supplied reason="subaudible">paying</supplied> taxes to the villagers and of the Subrahmaṇya channel, and (2) five levers <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ēttam</foreign></supplied> to the east of this <supplied reason="subaudible">land</supplied>, excluding a lever on the open side<note><hi rend="italic">I.e.</hi> that side (<foreign>vāy</foreign>) of the tank which is at a higher level, and opposite (<foreign>etir</foreign>) to the artificial embankment which stops the natural flow of water and thus forms the tank.</note> of the tank in the west, which Kaḻumpar-uṭaiyār had previously purchased and assigned for <supplied reason="subaudible">the maintenance of</supplied> a boat.</p>
<p n="7">Twice as follows, and three times as follows.<note>Apparently the description of the land sold had to be repeated in words three times. The second repetition is omitted in writing; but after the word <foreign>mukkālāvatum</foreign>, ‘and three times,’ the whole of the preceding description of the land (ll. 4 to 7) is repeated with slight variations in ll. 8 to 10.</note></p>
<p n="10">Having received in full the purchase-money and the revenue of this land, we, the great assembly, sold <supplied reason="subaudible">it</supplied> free of taxes and executed a deed of sale.</p>
<p n="11">Having been present in the assembly<note>This translation of <foreign>kuṟi</foreign> is based on the parallel passages in No. 2, l. 6, No. 3, l. 11, No. 6, l. 22, and No. 12, l. 11, where the corresponding word is
<foreign>sabhai</foreign>.</note> and having heard <supplied reason="subaudible">their</supplied> order, I, the accountant <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> arbitrator of this village, Poṟṟikkuṟi Kāḷitēvaṭi, <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> Iraṇṭāyirattunāṉūṟṟuvaṉ, wrote <supplied reason="subaudible">this</supplied>. This is my writing.</p>
</div>
<div type="translation" resp="part:emfr">
<p n="1">Prosperity! Fortune!</p>
</div>
<!--<div type="commentary">
</div>-->
<div type="bibliography">
<p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1892-1893"/></bibl> (ARIE/1892-1893/B/1893/27).</p>
<p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/></bibl>, with English translation (SII 3.10).</p>
<p>This edition by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on <bibl><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/></bibl>.</p>
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<citedRange unit="item">10</citedRange>
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