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<title>Ukkal, Perumāḷ temple, time of Parakesarivarman, year 37</title>
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<forename>Emmanuel</forename>
<surname>Francis</surname>
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<resp>intellectual authorship of edition</resp>
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<forename>Eugen</forename>
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<forename>Emmanuel</forename>
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Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to
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<p>Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.</p>
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<div type="edition" xml:lang="tam-Latn" rendition="class:tamil maturity:83215">
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<ab xml:lang="san-Latn" rendition="class:grantha maturity:83215">
<lb n="1"/>svasti śrī
</ab>
<p>
matirai koṇṭa kō-p-para-kē<hi rend="grantha">sa</hi>ri-pa<hi rend="grantha"><supplied reason="undefined">r</supplied>mma</hi>ṟku yāṇṭu muppa<supplied reason="undefined">tt</supplied>' eḻ-āvatu
</p>
<p>
kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭattu-t taṉ kūṟṟu-c civa-cūḷā<supplied reason="undefined"><add place="below">maṇi</add></supplied>-ma<supplied reason="undefined">ṅ</supplied>ka<supplied reason="undefined">la</supplied>m-āki<supplied reason="undefined">ya</supplied> <hi rend="grantha">śrī-vikra</hi>
<lb n="2" break="no"/><hi rend="grantha">mābhara</hi>ṇa-c-ca<hi rend="grantha">turvvedi-ma<supplied reason="undefined">ṅ</supplied>ga</hi>lattu <hi rend="grantha">sabhai</hi>yōm
</p>
<p>
Emm-ūr-p pu<add place="below">va</add>ṉi-<supplied reason="undefined">m</supplied>āṇikka-vi<hi rend="grantha">ṣṇu-gr̥ha</hi>ttu-p perumāṉ-aṭikaḷukku <hi rend="grantha">de</hi>va-<hi rend="grantha">bhoga</hi>m-ā
<lb n="3" break="no"/>ka Ivar muṉṉ-uṭaiya periya nan=ta-vāṉam Uṭpaṭa Emm-ūr vaṭa-piṭākai-c cōtiyam-pākkam-āṉa Ūru<supplied reason="undefined">m</supplied> Ūr-irukkaiyum Ēriyu
<lb n="4"/>naṉ-ceyyum puṉ-ceyyum vaḷaiyiṟ cuṟṟu Uṭump' ōṭi Āmai tavaḻntat' eppērppaṭṭatum <supplied reason="undefined">I</supplied>p-puvaṉi-māṇik
<lb n="5" break="no"/>ka-vi<hi rend="grantha">ṣṇu-gr̥ha</hi>hat<supplied reason="undefined">tu</supplied>-p perumāṉ-aṭikaḷukku Ārā<hi rend="grantha">dhi</hi>ppārkkum <hi rend="grantha">A<supplied reason="undefined">r</supplied>cca</hi>nā-<hi rend="grantha">bhoga</hi>ttukku<hi rend="grantha">n tri-kāla</hi>n ti<supplied reason="undefined">ru</supplied>-v-a<hi rend="grantha">mr̥</hi>tukkum Iraṇṭu no<supplied reason="undefined">n=t</supplied>ā-viḷakku<supplied reason="omitted">kku</supplied>m <hi rend="grantha">sa<supplied reason="undefined">ndhi</supplied></hi>kaḷil <hi rend="grantha"><supplied reason="undefined">dī</supplied>pa</hi>
<lb n="6" break="no"/>-m<supplied reason="undefined">ā</supplied>lai<supplied reason="undefined">ka</supplied>ḷukkum tiru-v-u<hi rend="grantha">tsa</hi>vattukkum <supplied reason="undefined">A</supplied>yaṉamum vi<hi rend="grantha">ṣu</hi>vum <hi rend="grantha"><choice><orig>gr̥</orig><reg>gra</reg></choice>ha</hi>ṇamum <hi rend="grantha">snapa</hi>nañ ce<supplied reason="undefined">y</supplied>vat' ākavum
<hi rend="grantha">śrī-bali</hi>kkun tiru-v-uṇṇāḻikai-p puṟa maṟṟum ep
<lb n="7" break="no"/>pērppaṭṭatukkun <hi rend="grantha">d<supplied reason="undefined">e</supplied></hi>va-<hi rend="grantha">bhoga</hi>m āvat' ākavum
</p>
<p>
Ivv-ūr <supplied reason="undefined">cu</supplied>ṭṭi Eppērppaṭṭa Iṟaiyuṅ kāṭṭa-p peṟātōm ākavum
</p>
<p>
Ivv-ūr Ēṟiṉa kuṭikaḷai <hi rend="grantha">sabhā</hi>-niyo<hi rend="grantha">ga</hi>tt<supplied reason="undefined">ā</supplied>l <hi rend="grantha">sa<choice><orig>m·</orig><reg>ṃ</reg></choice>vatsara</hi>
<lb n="8" break="no"/>-vāriyañ ceyvōmum Ē<supplied reason="undefined">ri</supplied>-vāriyañ ceyvōmum toṭṭa-vāriyañ ceyvōmum Ik-kuṭikaḷai veṭṭi<supplied reason="undefined">yu</supplied>m vēti<supplied reason="undefined">ḷai</supplied>yum vāla-k-kāṇamum koḷḷa-p peṟātōm <supplied reason="undefined">ā</supplied>
<lb n="9" break="no"/>kavum
</p>
<p>
Ivv-ūr-k kuṭika<supplied reason="undefined">ḷai</supplied>-k kuṟṟan <hi rend="grantha">doṣa</hi>maṉṟu<supplied reason="undefined">p</supplied>āṭu<!--<ref t="3:19-6"/>: The <ta>pa</ta> of <ta>pāṭu</ta> is corrected from <ta>ṭu</ta>--><!--EF: split words-->
<hi rend="grantha">de</hi>varē-y <hi rend="grantha"><supplied reason="undefined">da</supplied>ṇḍi</hi>ttu-k koḷvat' ākavum
</p>
<p>
Oṭṭi-k kuṭut<supplied reason="undefined">tu</supplied> <hi rend="grantha"><choice><sic>śl</sic><corr>śil</corr></choice>ā-lekhai</hi> ceytu Eḻuttu veṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm <hi rend="grantha">sa</hi>
<lb n="10" break="no"/><hi rend="grantha">bhai</hi>yōm
</p>
<p>
It' a<supplied reason="undefined">ṉ</supplied>ṟ' e<supplied reason="undefined">ṉ</supplied>ṟu Iṟa<supplied reason="omitted">k</supplied><supplied reason="undefined">ka</supplied> nikā<choice><sic><hi rend="grantha">ntya</hi></sic><corr>ta</corr></choice>ñ co<supplied reason="undefined">ṉ</supplied>ṉōm kaṅkai Iṭai-k kumari Iṭai-c ceytār ceyta pāva<supplied reason="undefined">ṅ</supplied> koḷv<choice><sic><supplied reason="undefined">ā</supplied>r</sic><corr>ōm</corr></choice> ākavum
</p>
<p>
Itaṟ <supplied reason="undefined">ti</supplied>ṟampi<supplied reason="undefined">ṉōm</supplied>ē <hi rend="grantha">śraddhāma<supplied reason="undefined">nda</supplied></hi>
<lb n="11" break="no"/>r<supplied reason="undefined">ē</supplied>-y mey-vēṟu nicati nūṟṟ' eṭ<supplied reason="undefined">ṭu-k kā</supplied>ṇan <supplied reason="undefined">ta</supplied>ṇṭa-p-paṭa Oṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm <hi rend="grantha">sabhai</hi>yōm
</p>
<p>
I<hi rend="grantha">s-sabhai</hi>yu<choice><orig>ḷḷ</orig><reg>ḷ</reg></choice> iru<hi rend="grantha">n</hi>tu <hi rend="grantha">sabh<supplied reason="undefined">ai</supplied></hi>yār paṇippa v-eḻu<supplied reason="undefined">ti</supplied>ṉ<supplied reason="undefined">ēṉ</supplied> Ivv-ūr <hi rend="grantha">maddhya<supplied reason="undefined">stha</supplied></hi>ṉ <supplied reason="undefined">po</supplied>ṟṟi-k-kuṟi <hi rend="grantha">brahma-pri</hi>ya<supplied reason="omitted">ṉ</supplied>-<supplied reason="undefined">ē</supplied><supplied reason="omitted">ṉ</supplied>
</p>
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<div type="translation" source="bib:Hultzsch1899_01">
<p n="1">Hail! Prosperity! In the thirty-seventh year <supplied reason="subaudible">of the reign</supplied> of king Parakesarivarman who conquered Matirai,——we, the assembly of Śivacūḷāmaṇimaṅgala, <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> Śrī-Vikramābharaṇa-caturvedimaṅgalam, <supplied reason="subaudible">a village</supplied> in its own subdivision of Kāliyūr-kōṭṭam, <supplied reason="subaudible">ordered as follows</supplied>:——</p>
<p n="2">To the god of the Puvaṉimāṇikka-Viṣṇugr̥ham in our village shall belong, as a divine gift <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>deva-bhoga</foreign></supplied>, the village called Cōtiyampākkam, a hamlet <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>piṭākai</foreign></supplied> to the north of our village,——including the great flower-garden which belonged to this <supplied reason="subaudible">temple</supplied> previously,——the site of the village,<note>The term <foreign>ūr-irukkai</foreign> occurs in the Tañjāvūr inscriptions, Vol. II. Nos. 4 and 5.</note> the tank, the wet land, the dry land, and everything within <supplied reason="subaudible">its</supplied> limits, on which the iguana runs and the tortoise crawls,<note>Compare Vol. II. p. 360, note 1.</note> for the worshippers of the god of this Puvaṉimāṇikka-Viṣṇugr̥ha, for the requirements of the worship, for oblations <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiruvamr̥du</foreign></supplied> at the three times <supplied reason="subaudible">of the day</supplied>,<note>See above, p. 11, note 3.</note> for two perpetual lamps, for rows of lamps at twilight, for festivals, for the bathing <supplied reason="subaudible">of the idol</supplied> at solstices, equinoxes and eclipses, for offerings <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>śrībali</foreign></supplied>, <supplied reason="subaudible">for</supplied> supplies<note>On <foreign>puṟam</foreign> see above, p. 6, note 9.</note> to the store-room<note>This translation of <foreign>uṇṇāḻikai</foreign> is conjectural. The same word occurs in Vol. I. Nos. 82, 83, 145 and 150. Compare <foreign>iṭanāḻi</foreign>, ‘a passage between two rooms,’ in Dr. Gundert's <hi rend="italic">Malayāḷam Dictionary</hi>, p. 100.</note> of the temple, and for all other purposes.</p>
<p n="7">We shall not be entitled to levy any kind of tax from this village. We, <supplied reason="subaudible">the great men</supplied> elected for the year, we, <supplied reason="subaudible">the great men</supplied> elected for <supplied reason="subaudible">the supervision of</supplied> the tank, and we, <supplied reason="subaudible">the great men</supplied> elected for <supplied reason="subaudible">the supervision of</supplied> gardens, shall not be entitled to claim, at the order of the assembly, forced labour <foreign>veṭṭi</foreign>,<note>See <hi rend="italic">Ep. Ind</hi>. Vol. III. p. 323, note 1.</note> <foreign>vēti<supplied reason="undefined">ḷai</supplied></foreign> and <foreign>vālakkāṇam</foreign> from the inhabitants settled in this village.</p>
<p n="9"><supplied reason="subaudible">If</supplied> a crime <supplied reason="subaudible">or</supplied> sin becomes public, the god <supplied reason="subaudible">i.e. the temple authorities</supplied> alone shall punish the inhabitants of this village <supplied reason="subaudible">for it</supplied>. Having agreed <supplied reason="subaudible">thus</supplied>, we, the assembly, engraved <supplied reason="subaudible">this</supplied> on stone.<note>The ‘engraving’ is expressed twice, first in Sanskrit and then in Tamil.</note></p>
<p n="10">If we utter the untruth that this is not <supplied reason="subaudible">as stated above</supplied>, in order to injure <supplied reason="subaudible">the charity</supplied>, we shall incur <supplied reason="subaudible">all</supplied> the sins committed between the Gaṅgā and Kumari. We, the assembly, agree to pay a fine of one hundred and eight <foreign>kāṇam</foreign>s per day, if we fail in this through indifference<note>Compare above, No. 7, 1. 6.</note> <gap reason="lost" quantity="5" unit="character"/> <note>On <foreign>mey veṟu</foreign> see above, p. 13, note 1.</note></p>
<p n="11">Having been present in this assembly, I, the arbitrator of this village, <supplied reason="undefined">Po</supplied>ṟṟikkuṟi Brahmapriyaṉ, wrote <supplied reason="subaudible">this</supplied> at the order of the assembly.</p>
</div>
<div type="translation" resp="part:emfr">
<p n="1">Prosperity! Fortune!</p>
</div>
<!--<div type="commentary">
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<div type="bibliography">
<p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1892-1893"/></bibl> (ARIE/1892-1893/B/1893/30).</p>
<p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/></bibl>, with English translation and facsimile (SII 3.12).</p>
<p>This edition by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on <bibl><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/></bibl>.</p>
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