Kōvintapputtūr (Govindapputtūr), Gaṅgājaṭādhara temple, time of Rājakesarivarman, year 5 author of digital edition Valérie Gillet Emmanuel Francis DHARMA Paris, CEIAS DHARMA_INSTamilNadu00517 DHARMAbase

Above and around the empty niche of the southern façade of the ardha-maṇḍapa. Regnal year 5 of Kōvirājakesarivarman = Rājarāja I (circa 990 CE). This long inscription is unfinished; its end may have been engraved on the eastern side of the ardha-maṇḍapa, now built over.

Further conversion of digital encoding to DHARMA encoding scheme according to EGD (Encoding Guide for Diplomatic Editions) Conversion to DHARMA encoding scheme according to EGD (Encoding Guide for Diplomatic Editions)

svasti śrī

kō-rāca-kēcari-paṉmaṟkku yāṇṭu Añc-āvatu

vaṭa-karai-brahmatēyam periya śrī-vāṉavaṉ-mahātēvi-caturvveti-maṅkalattu śrī-vijaya-ma kala-tēvarkku Ampalavaṉ paḻuvūr nakkaṉṉ-āṉa Irāca-Irāca-p-pallavarai yaṉ Iv-vāṉavaṉ--tēvi-caturvveti-maṅkalattu It-tēvar pērāl vilai ko ṇṭu Iṟai y-iḻicciṉa nilaṅkaḷḷāl vanta nellukkum Ivv-ūr sabhair pakkal vilai koṇṭu Iṟai y-iḻicciṉa vaṭa-piṭākai neṭu-vā yilum In-neṭu-vāyil cuṟṟiṉa piṭākaikaḷum It-tēvaṟkku Iṟukka kaṭava nellukkum poṉṉukkum neyyiṇṇaikku m taṟippuṭavaikkum Irumpukkum nibandham ceyta paṭi

tiru-v-a mutu pōtu nā-ṉāḻi y-āka Atrddhayāmam Uḷpaṭa nicatam Arici patakk' ā ka Ain=t-iraṇṭu vaṇṇattāl vanta nellu nicatam nellu Aiy-kuṟuṇi y-āka Or āṭai ḷḷaikku vanta nellu nūṟṟu Aiy-patiṉ kalamum

parupp-amutu pōt' uri y-āka Atdhayāmam Uḷppaṭa nālu pōtaikku nicatam Iru-nāḻi paruppukku nellu Or āṭṭai ṉāḷaikku ne llu Iru-patt' iru-kalaṉē tūṇi-p-patakkum

pori-k-kaṟi-y-amutu Oṉṟu puḻukku kaṟi-y-amutu Oṉṟum Āka kaṟi-y-amutu Iraṇṭukku miḷakum kaṭuku cirakammmum Uḷppaṭa nālu potaik O? Or āṭṭai ḷaikku nellu Iru-patt' iru-kalaṉē tūṇi-p patak=kum

ney-amutu pōtu Āka nālu pōtukku nicatam Urikku nellu-p patakk' āka Or āṭṭai nāḷḷaikku nellu Aṟu-patiṉ kalam mum

tayir-ammmutu pōtu Uri y-āka Arddhayāmam Uḷppaṭa nāllu potaikku Iru-ḻikku nicatam Aiñ-ṉāḻi y-āka Or āṭṭai ṉāḷḷaikku nellu patiṉ Eṇ-kalaṉnē Iru-tūṇi-k kuṟuṇiyum

Aṭaikkāy-amutu pōtu Aiñcu veṟuṅ-kāy Iru-patum veṟṟilai-p paṟṟu Oṉṟum nicatam Arddhayāmam Uppaṭa nālu pōtaikku m Aṭaikkāy-amutukku nicatam nel Ai-ṉāḻi y-āka Or āṭṭai nāḷḷikku nellu patiṉ Eṇ-kalanē Iru-ṇṇi-k kuṟuṇiyum

tirumey-pūccu pōtu Uḻakku cantaṇattukku nicatam Oru-pala Araiyālu nica tammum uḻakku tiru-c-cantaṇa-k-kuḻampukku Or āṭṭai ṉāḷḷaikku ṉellu nāl-p-pat' aiṅ-kalammu

ci tāri Akilum cantaṇammmum neriyārammmum kaṟpūrammmun Itanum koṇṭu muṉṟu pōtaikku nellu nicatam kuṟuṇi Iru-nāḻi y-āka Or āṭṭai nāḷḷaikku nellu mu-p-pattu mu-k-kalaṉnē Iru-tuūṇi-k kuṟuṇiyum

ci kāṭṭi Āvāṟku Āṭiyaru]ḷa-p lu Iru-nāḻikku nicatam nellu Aṟu -ṉāḻi y-āka Or āṭṭai ṉāaikku nellu Iru-patt' iru-kalaṉnē tuūṇi-p pata

Āvāṟkku-p paricaṭṭam Uttaram-ayaṉattu Oraṇaiyum dekṣiṇam-ayanat tukku Oraṇaiyum Āka viraṇaikkum kācu Iraṇṭ' āka kācu Oṉṟinukku ne llu-p patiṉ kālammm āka Or āṭṭai ṉāḷḷaikku kācu Iraṇṭukku nel I ru-patin kalammmum

tiru-v-o Or āṭṭai ḷḷaikku muṉṟ' āṭai Or āṭṭai n āḷḷaikku Araiyāl nel kalammum

tiru-namanikai Or āṭṭai ṉāḷḷaikku Iraṇṭ' āka Iraṭinukku kācu Onṟiṉu]kku ne llu pati kalammmum

tiru-mallai kaṭṭi Or āṭṭai nāaikku Iraṇṭ' āka I raṇṭinukku kācu Oṉṟ' āka kācu Oṉṟinukku nellu-p patiṉ kalamum

ṉam Or āṭṭai nāḷḷaikku Iraṇṭ' āka Iraṇṭinukku-k kācu Oṉṟu-k kācu Oṉṟinu kku nellu-p patiṉ kalammmum

jala-pavintrattukku Or āṭṭai nāḷai puṭavai muṟ' āka-p puṭavai muṉṟinukku-k kācu Arai y-āka Arai-k kācukku nel lu Aiṅ-kalammmum

tiru-notntā-viḷakku Aiñciṉukku viḷakkukku Oṉṟu nicatam neyi Uḻakk' āka viḷakku nicatam neyi nāḻi m nellu Aiṅ-kuṟuṇi y-āka Or āṭai nāḷḷaikku nellu nuṟṟu Aim-patiṉ kalammmum

sandhi-viḷakku-c ciṟu-kālai y-eṭṭu Ucciyam-pōtu Eṭṭu Iravaikku patiṉālum Āka viḷakku mu-p-patiṉukku nicatam Eṇṇai nāḻi muUḻakkē

Ittēvar Ittevar Itevar full line Line lost under cement. Text after SII. Iṟukka kaṭava Iṟukka kaṭava Iṟukkaṭava Ain=tiraṇṭu vaṇṇattāl Ain=tiraṇṭuvaṇṇattāl jantiraṇṭu vaṇṇattāl ney-amutu pōtu Āka neyy amutu ney-amutu patu A kalammum tayir-ammmutu kalamum tayir-amutu kalammu tayir-ammutu ṇṇi tūṇi ṇṇi cantaṇattukku canttukku Uttaramayaṉattu Uttām-ayaṉattu patiṉ kālammmāka patikailammāka nāḷḷaikku ḷaikku kalammum The end of line is presently illegible. Text after SII. Oṉṟāka Oṉṟuka kalamum kalamum ṉam nicatam neyi nāḻi nicatam neyi nicatam neyi nāḻi nellu nellu nelllu

Fortune! Prosperity!

This is the fifth year of Kōrājakesarivarman.

For Śrī-Vijaiyamaṅgaladevar of big Śrī-Vāṉavaṉ-mahādevi-caturvedimaṅgalam, a brahmadeya of the northern bank, Ampalavaṉ Paḻuvūr Nakkaṉ alias Rājarāja Pallavaraiyaṉ, having bought in the name of this god ittēvar of this Vāṉavaṉ-mahādevi-caturvedimaṅgalam, having bought from pakkal the Sabhā of this village for the paddy accrued with the lands of which taxes were remitted iṟai y-iḻicciṉa, thus the donation nibandham was made for paddy, gold, ghee and oil, tax on looms taṟi-p-puṭavaikkum and iron irumpukkum that have to be paid to the god ittēvaṟkku by the northern hamlet vaṭapiṭākai of Neṭuvāyil whose taxes were remitted and the hamlets piṭākaikaḷum surrounding cuṟṟiṉa this Neṭuvāyil, as follows.

So that there be four nāḻis at the time pōtu of holy food offerings tiruvamutu, so that there be daily one patakku of rice arici including the middle of the night atdhayāma, that is, arddhayāma, so that there be daily five kuṟuṇis of paddy accrued from the ten kinds aint-iraṇṭu vaṇṇattāl; one hundred and fifty kalams of paddy accrued per day nāḷḷaikku, that is, nāḷaikku, per year or āṭṭai are provisioned.

So that there be one one uri at the time of dhal holy food offerings paruppamutu, so that there be, for four times including the middle of the night, daily two nāḻis of paddy for dhal, per year per day twenty-two kalams , one tūṇi and one patakku of paddy are provisioned.

So that there be one fried vegetable food offering porikkaṟiyamutu and one one boiled puḻukku vegetable food offering kaṟiyamutu, so that there be for four times including cumin seeds cīrakammum, mustard seeds kaṭukum and pepper miḷakum for two vegetable food offerings, per year per day twenty-two kalams and of paddy, one tūṇi and one patakku of paddy, are provisioned.

So that there be at the time of ghee food offerings, so that there be for four times daily one patakku of paddy for one uri, per year per day sixty kalams of paddy are provisioned.

So that there be one uri at the time of curd food offerings tayiramutu; so that there be daily five nāḻis for two nāḻis for four times including the middle of the night per year per day eighteen kalams, two tūṇis and one kuṟuṇi of paddy are provisioned.

So that there be for one arecanut food offerings aṭaikkāyamutukku for four times including the middle of the night everyday, one bundle paṟṟu of betel leaves veṟṟilai and twenty arecanuts veṟuṅkāy, five times of arecanut food offerings, per year per day eighteen kalams, two tūṇis and one kuṟuṇi of paddy are provisioned.

At the time of anointment tirumeyppūccu, for one uḻakku of mixture kuḻampu of holy sandal paste tiruccantaṉam everyday and with one palam and a half everyday of one uḻakku of sandal paste per year per day fourty five kalams of paddy are provisioned.

So that there be daily two nāḻis and one kuṟuṇi of paddy for three times, with this, camphor kaṟpūramum, juice of storax neriyācamum, sandal paste and fragrant woods cītāri akilum, i.e. red cedar and eagle-wood, per year per day thirty-three kalams, two tūṇis and one kuṟuṇi of paddy are provisioned.

So that there be daily six nāḻis of paddy for two nāḻis of milk pālu for the holy bath āṭiyaruḷa of him āvāṟku, per year per day twenty-two kalams, one tūṇi and one patakku of paddy are provisioned.

So that there be cloths paricaṭṭam for him āvāṟkku, a pair for uttaramayanam and a pair for dakṣiṇamayanam, so that there be two kācus for these pairs, so that there be ten kalams of paddy for one pair, per year per day for two kācus twenty kalams of paddy are provisioned.

... per year per day three dresses muṉṟ' āṭai per year per day ... kalams of paddy through one half ... are provisioned.

So that there be two for sacred baths tirunamaṉikai per year per day, for two baths, for one kācu, ten kalams of paddy are provisioned.

So that there be two for the garland-makers tirumālaikaṭṭi per year per day, so that there be one kācu for two garland-makers, for one kācu ten kalams of paddy are provisioned.

So that there be two ... per year per day for one kācu, as one kācu for two as two, ten kalams of paddy are provisioned.

For the garment for the bath of the idol jala-pavitrattukku, so that there be three clothes puṭavai per year per day, so that there be half a kācu for three clothes puṭavai, for half a kācu five kalams of paddy are provisioned.

For five perpetual lamps, so that there be one uḻakku of ghee daily for one lamp, so that there be five kuṟuṇis of paddy nāḻis of ghee daily for a lamp viḷakku, per year per day hundred and fifty kalams of paddy are provisioned.

As for twilight lamps, so that there be eight for early dawn ciṟukālai, eight for midday uccampōtu and fourteen for the night, thus for tirthy lamps, daily one nāḻi and one uḻakku of oil eṇṇai are provisioned.

Lines 26-42 are interrupted in the middle by a window. Lines 41-43 are on the upper part of the base, on the ledges. Line 43 stops right before the window.

Reported in (ARIE/1928-1929/B/1928-1929/175).

Edited in (SII 13.124). Edited and translated in , based on autopsy and photographs (by Valérie Gillet, 2018).

This revised edition and translation by Valérie Gillet and Emmanuel Francis. Letters legible in SII 13.124 are marked here unclear but not recorded in the apparatus.

63-64 124 78-80 7 TBC B/1928-1929 175