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Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Ryosuke Furui.
The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994).
Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.
Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.
sa khalu bhā
gīrathī-patha-pravarttamāna-nānā-vidha-nau-vāṭaka-sampādita-se
tiśaya-ghanāghana-ghaṭā-śyāmāyamāna-vāsara-lakṣmī-samāravdha-santata-jalada-samaya-sandeśād udīcīnāneka-nara-pati-prābhr̥
tī-kr̥tāprameya-haya-vāhinī-khara-khurotkhāta-dhūlī-dhū
nta-pāda-bhara-namad-avaneḥ śrī-rāmāvatī-nagara-parisara-samāvāsita-śrīmaj-jaya-skandhāvārāt·
dhirāja
kuśalī
me sam
sāmanta-mahāsenāpati-mahāpratīhāra-dauḥsādhasādhanika-mahākumārāmātya-rājasthānīyoparika-cauroddharaṇika-da
ṇḍapāśika-śaunakika-kṣetrapa-prāntapāla-koṭapāla-Aṅgarakṣa-tad-āyuktaka-viniyuktaka-hastyaśvanau
vāgomahiṣyajāvikādhyakṣa-dūta-preṣaṇika-gamāgamika-A
ka-gauḍa-mālava-coḍa-hūṇa-hūṇika-karṇṇāṭa-lāṭa-cāṭa-bhaṭa-sevakādīn·
prativāsino vrāhmaṇottarān· mahattarottama-kuṭ
samādiśati ca
viditam astu bhavatāṁ* yathoparilikhito 'yaṁ grāmaḥ sva-sīmā-
sāmra-madhūkaḥ sa-jala-sthalaḥ sa-garttoṣaraḥ sa-jhāṭa-viṭapaḥ sa-daśāpacāraḥ sa-cauroddharaṇ
-c
laṁ mātā-pitror ātmanaś ca puṇya-yaśobhivr̥ddhaye vā
ra-savrahmacāriṇe R̥gveda-vide Āśvalāyana-śākhādhyāyine ta
devīkoṭa-vāstavyāya dhātrīdhararāta-prapautrāya mahādevarāta-pautrāya medhātithirāta-puttrāya paṇḍita-bhaṭṭaputra-śrī
-muraripurātadevaśarmmaṇe māghe māsi paurṇṇa-māsyā
pāla-deva-pādair ddatta-hemāśva-mahādānādāya-dakṣiṇā-samvandhena bhagavantaṁ vuddha-bhaṭṭārakam uddiśya triśatikotpattyā śā
sanī-kr̥tya pradatto
ṇe mahā-naraka-pāta-bhayāc ca dānam idam anumodyānumodyānumodanīyaṁ*
ya
samvat
bhavanti cātra dharmmānu
Confirmed. Confirmed. Confirmed.
Success! Oṁ, salutation to the Buddha! Welfare!
The one with mind delighted by the jewel of compassion, who is united with beloved goddess Benevolence, whose dirt of ignorance is cleansed by pure water of the stream of knowledge of perfect enlightenment, who, after conquering the powerful cause of existence producing desire, acquired eternal tranquillity, may he, the illustrious Lord of the World
From him was born illustrious king Dharmapāla, who was the birth place of Lakṣmī
Of him, who gained genuine asceticism like Rāma, there was the brother named Vākpāla, similar
From him was born the son, the victor named Jayapāla, who cleansed the world by his deeds of Upendra
Illustrious Vigrahapāla
He procreated his illustrious son Nārāyaṇa
And his son, the protector of central world named illustrious Rājyapāla was born, with the fame known by the bed of water inside the deep bottom of the ocean and by the abodes of deities which equalled the rooms of kings of the lineage.
From him in Bhāgyadevī, the daughter of Tuṅga, the moon of the Rāṣṭrakūṭa lineage with raised crown, was born the son like the treasury of greatness of previous kings.
Beloved Lakṣmī, who was energy
From him, as if the moon raining ten million of rays was born from the sun at proper time, was born Vigrahapāladeva
From him was born illustrious king Mahīpāladeva
King Nayapāla, abandoning association with vices, putting his feet on heads of kings, forcibly filling all the spaces, to be gained by virtues, having affectionate subjects, the sole abode of affection and rich with virtues, was born from him, as if the Sun
King Vigrahapāladeva
After drinking clean water in the eastern country abundant with water, then wandering freely in candana forests at the foot of Malaya Mountain, after making coolness in the Desert by dense mist, his cloud-like best war elephants divided the ridge of Snow Mountain.
His son, the king named Mahīpāla
There was his younger brother king Śūrapāla
There was also his uterine brother, king, illustrious Rāmapāla, whose firmness of Vāsava
From him was born Kumārapāla, who had the ocean of thick fame of enemies drunk up by valour of his own long arms, having robust fame on female makaras which were marks of camphor on the cheek of wife of the king of deities.
He, whose hand was pale red due to sport of serial robbing of vermilion on the heads of group of women of his opponents, procreated king Gopāla
From the illustrious military camp of victory pitched in the neighbourhood of illustrious Rāmāvatīnagara, where the group of mountain peaks laid by the bridge produced by various kinds of large ships going around the path of river Bhāgīrathī are rolling, where the news of the time of lasting cloud occurred because of daylight darkened by the assembly of unsurpassed rutting elephants, where the intermediate space of directions is made grey by dust dug up by the hard hooves of innumerable horse troops gifted by many northern kings and where the earth bows to the weight of innumerable foot soldiers of all the kings of Jambudvīpa coming
Parameśvara paramabhaṭṭāraka mahārājādhirāja illustrious Gopāladeva, healthy, the devout worshipper of Sugata
“It should be known to you. This village as written above, as far as its own border and grass field, was given by us in the name of the venerable Lord Buddha, with production of three hundred, after making royal grant, with flat land, with raised ground, with mango and mahua trees, with watering place, with ditch and saline land, with forest and shrub, with fine of ten offences, with the right to catch thieves, exempted from all the burdens, without entry of cāṭas and bhaṭas, without any kara taken away, accompanied by contribution of bhāga, bhoga and kara, by the rule of land reclamation, as long as the moon, the sun and the earth exist, for the increase of merit and fame of parents and myself, to paṇḍita bhaṭṭaputra illustrious Muraripurātaśarman, belonging to Vātsya gotra, Aurvya, Cyavana, Bhārgava, Jāmadagnya and Āpnuvat pravara, co-disciple of Dinakara, knowing the R̥gveda, learning Āśvalāyana śākhā, knowing the Tantraṭīkā, logic and grammar, originating from Sammārjanī and residing in Devīkoṭa, the great-grandson of Dhātrīdhararāta, the grandson of Mahādevarāta and the son of Medhātithirāta, in relation to the reward to be taken for the great gift of golden horse given by his majesty great king illustrious Kumārapāla after bathing in Gaṅgā according to rule at the beginning of Manvantara on the full-moon day in the month of Māgha. Hence it should be consented to by you all. This donation should also be approved by future kings after repeatedly approving it out of respect for merit of donation of land and from fear of falling to the great hell in case of its violation. And the practice of appropriate contribution of bhāga, bhoga, hiraṇya and so on should be made at proper time by residing cultivators after becoming subject to hearing the order
Year 2 month Kārttika day 20.
Here are verses instructing dharma
The earth was given by many kings beginning with Sagara. To the one to whom the land belongs, belongs then the merit.
The one who gains land and the one who gives land, both of them with meritorious deeds are surely going to heaven.
The one stealing a cow, one piece of gold and a half aṅgula of land comes to hell as long as he invokes deluge.
For sixty thousand years, a giver of land stays in heaven. The one who denies it and the one who agrees with him live in hell for the same period.
Either given by himself or given by the others, the one who stole land, he would be boiled with his ancestors after becoming an insect in excreta.
Fathers tremble and paternal grandfathers jump, he, the land giver born in our family, will be the saviour of us.
To all these future kings, this Rāma demands repeatedly. “This common bridge of dharma for men should be always protected with effort.”
After thus considering wealth and human life fragile as a drop of water on lotus petal, also after knowing all that is said, the meritorious deeds of others should not be destroyed by human beings.
May Madanapāla, prominent in the Pāla lineage, whose great fame is sung by enemy troops defeated by his own arms, the king with infinite vigour, the giver of copper plates, be victorious, as long as the stainless moon is on the head of Hara!
Here that sāndhivigrahika illustrious Bhīmadeva, immersed in delight by this royal minister and king
In the second year of illustrious Madanapāla, artisan Tathāgatasara engraved this copper plate.
First notified by S. C. Mukherji