Damodarpur Charter 1 (GE 163) of Budhagupta Original EpiDoc Encoding for Siddham Dániel Balogh Conversion of encoding for DHARMA Dániel Balogh intellectual authorship of edition Amandine Wattelier-Bricout EpiDoc encoding for DHARMA of parts not yet encoded for Siddham Amandine Wattelier-Bricout DHARMA This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994). Cambrai DHARMA_INSBengalCharters00032

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2019-2025
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Revision of my own encoding Some corrections in the translation, added Bhandarkar1981_01's readings in the apparatus and correction of some lemmas, added epigraphic lemma in bibliography Draft of translation and revision of the edition according to it till line 6. Completed the apparatus with the readings of five previous editions, ie. bib:Basak1919-1920_01 bib:Pandey1962_01 bib:Sircar1965_02 bib:Goyal1993_01 bib:Balogh+al2019_01 Encoding the bibliography and creation of the apparatus. Initial import: harmonising file structure with DHARMA inscription template v02. Text and comments as inherited from the Siddham archive of January 2019, unless otherwise indicated (by a name and date in the comment).. Comments are offered "as is" and do not represent a thoroughly considered or researched opinion.

saṁ 100 60 3 Āṣāḍha di 10 3 parama-daivata-parama-bhaṭṭāraka-mahārājādhirāja-śrī-budhagupte pr̥thivī-patau tat-pāda-parigr̥hīte puṇḍravarddhana-bhuktāv uparika-mahārāja-brahmadatte saṁvyavaharati.

svasti. palāśavr̥ndakāt sa-viśvāsaṁ mahattarādy-aṣṭakulādhikaraṇa grāmika-kuṭumvinaś ca caṇḍagrāmake brāhmaṇādyānna-kṣudra-prakr̥ti-kuṭumvinaḥ kuśalam uktvānudarśayanti yathā.

vijñāpayatīi no grāmika-nābhako 'ham icche mātā-pitros svapuṇyāpyāyanāya kadticid brāhmaṇāryyān prativāsayituṁ .tad arhatha grāmānukrama-vikraya-maryyādayā matto hiraṇyam upasaṁgr̥hya samudaya-bāhyāprada-khila-kṣetrāṇāṁ prasādaṁ karttumaiti. yataḥ pustapāla-patradāsenāvadhāritaṁ yuktam anena vijñāpitam asty ayaṁ vikraya-maryyādā-prasaṅgas tad dīyatām asya parama-bhaṭṭāraka-mahārāja-pādena puṇyopacayāyeti. punar asyaiva patradāsasyāvadhāraṇayāvadhr̥tya nābhaka-hastād dīnāra-dvayam upasaṁgr̥hya sthāyapāla-kapila-śrībhadrābhyām āyakr̥tyaāyīkr̥tya ca samudaya-bāhyāprada-khila-kṣetrasya kulya-vāpam ekam asya vāyigrāmakottara-pārśvasyaiva ca satya-marryāyaḥā dakṣiṇa-paścima-pūrvveṇa mahattarādy-adhikaraṇa-kuṭumvibhiḥ pratyavekṣyāṣṭaka-navaka-navaka -nalābhyām apaviñcchya ca catussīmolliṅgya ca nāgadevasya dattaṁ tad-uttara-kālaṁ saṁvyavahāribhir ddharmmam avekṣya pratipālanīyam. uktañ ca maharṣṣibhiḥ.

sva-dattām para-dattāṁ vā yo hareta vasundharāṁ sa viṣṭhāyāṁ kr̥mir bhūtvā pitr̥bhis saha pacyate bahubhir vvasudhā dattā rājabhis sagarādibhiḥ yasya yasya yadā bhūmis tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣṣa-sahasrāṇi svargge modati bhūmidaḥ Ākṣeptā cānumantā ca tāny eva narake vased iti
saṁ 100 60 3 saṁ 100 60 3 saṁ 10060 3 On the photos I have at my disposal, saṁ 100 60 is lost. It is possible that there is a 3 number where the plate begins but I cannot confirm it. As the previous editors of the plate should have it in a better state of preservation, I keep their reading. -bhaṭṭāra° bhaṭṭāra -bhaṭṭāra° °da-parigr̥hī° da-parigr̥hī° rddhana- rddhana- On the photos I have at my disposal, all of this is lost, but I keep the reading of the previous editions . saṁvyavaharati. saṁvyavaharati svasti. svasti sa-viśvāsaṁ sa-viśvāsa- On the photos I have at my disposal, it is not clear if it is an engraved point or a corrosion spot. Moreover the position of this point or spot is not really above the sa. I compared how the is engraved on this plate and I observed that its position and its shape are not regular. kulādhika kulādhika On the photos I have at my disposal, the ka is totally erased. raṇa grāmika raṇa grāmika raṇagrāmika raṇaṇaṁgrāmika caṇḍagrāmake caṇḍagrāmaka- brāhmaṇādyānna-kṣudra- brāhmaṇādhyānna-kṣudra- brāhmaṇādhyakṣa-kṣudra- °darśayanti yathā °darśayanti °darśayanti yathaiva °darśayanti yathaivaṁ °darśayanti yathā vijñāpayatīi no vijñāpayatīnoti vijñāpayatī no icche suggest reading icchaye or icchāmi in a note. only suggests the first correction, while suggests iccheyaṁ. kadtici° kadici° prativāsayituṁ . prativāsayituṁ tad arhatha tad arhatha tad arhatha On the photos I have at my disposal, tad ais totally lost. -khila-kṣetrāṇāṁ -khila--kṣetrasya -khila-kṣetrāṇā -khila-kṣetrāṇāṁ karttumaiti. karttum iti. karttumamiti karttumati. karttum iti. suggests reading kartum iti in a note. -maryyādā- -maryyādā- -pādena -pādena -pāde na -pādānāṁ °yeti. punar °yeti punar patradāsasyāvadhā° patradāsasyāvadhā° On the photos I have at my disposal, the beginning of the line is lost and I can only read syāvadhā°. dīnāra-dvayam u° dīnāra-dvayam u° dīnāra-dvayam u° dīnāra-dvayam u° sthāyapāla-ka° sthāyaṇapāla-ka° sthāyapāla-ka° sthāyanapāla-ka° sthāṇavila-ka° suggests reading in a note sthāmapāla. adds in note : possibly sthānapāla watchman, policeman. °bhyām āyakr̥tyaāyīkr̥tya °bhyāyāyakr̥tya °bhyāyāyamayīkr̥tya °bhyām āyīkr̥tya already suggested reading °bhyāmayīkr̥tya in note. bāhyāprada-khila- bāhyāprada-khila- khila- bāhyāprada-khila- bāhyāprada-khila- marryāyaḥā -maryyādāyā suggests reading -maryyādayā. mahattarādy-a mahattarādy-a On the photos I have at my disposal, mahattarā is not lost but totally illegible. -kuṭumvibhiḥ -kuṭumvimbibhiḥ suggests reading kuṭumbibhiḥ in note. -navaka-navaka -navaka-navaka- -navaka-navaka suggests reading āṣṭaka-navaka-nalā° in note. apaviñcchya apaviñchya catussīmolliṅgya ca catuṣṭimolliṅgya ca catussīmolliṅgya ca catuṣṭimolliṅgya ca ca kr̥ṣiṁ nocchindhdya ca and suggest reading sīmā ulliṅgya in note. adds a translation of this expression making clear by marks. nāgadevasya nābhakāya nābhakāya 334 suggests reading nagādevāya in note 3. The name of the recipient of the gift is spelt twice Nābhaka in lines 4 and 8. Here it is spelt Nāgadeva. One could assume a scribal error between ga and bha. dattaṁ tad-uttara- dattaṁ tad-uttara- dattaṁ.tad-uttara- deyam etad-uttara- dattaM. tad-uttara- deyam etad-uttara- °nīyam. uktañ °nīyamuktañ and suggest reading °nīyaM. uktañ in note. maharṣṣibhiḥ. maharṣṣibhiḥ. maharṣṣrṣibhiḥ. On the photos I have at my disposal, I don't see any daṇḍa trace. But we can supply it because of the respect of sandhi rule. hareta hareT vasundharāṁ vasundharām. vasundharāṁ . vasundharām . sa viṣṭhāyāṁ sa viṣṭhāyāṁ sa viṣṭhāyāṁ On the photos I have at my disposal, sa viṣṭhā is lost and the line begins by yāṁ. tadā phalaṁ tadā phalaM. tadā phalaṁ. tadā phalaM. tadā phalaM. tadā phalaṁ vased iti vased iti || vaseditiT.iti|| and suggest reading vaseT || iti || in note.
Draft of translation

In the year 163, It is impossible for me to confirm the numbers, but one must believe who certainly have at his disposal a plate in a better state of preservation. He says in his introduction 135 : Numerical symbols for 10 and 3 are visible in the recording of the month Āṣāḍha in lne 1. The date in years is unfortunately lost; but the numerical figure 3 after what seems like the symbol for 60 is also visible before the word Āṣāḍha in line 1. on the thirteenth day of the month Āṣāḍha, during the reign of I translated the locative absolute by the expression during the reign of in order to obtain a nominal sentence complying with the sanskrit syntax. I consider that the final iti in line 13 includes what begins by svasti to the end. His Majesty śrī Budhagupta, Great King and Emperor mahārājādhirāja, Supreme Majesty and Supreme Lord parama-daivata-parama-bhaṭṭāraka, the Lord of the Earth, when the Mahārāja Brahmadatta, governor designated by His Majesty tat-pāda-parigr̥hīta was managing affairs in Puṇḍravardhana province, it has been said iti, line 13:

Hail! From the Palāśa grove Palāśavṛndaka, the council composed by the eight communities kula beginning with the notables mahattara and the village landholders grāmika-kuṭumbin- greet with confidence sa-viśvāsaṁ translates sa-viśvāsaṁ by in conjunction with Viśvāsa. He argues in note 7 that Viśvāsa could originally denoted the village accountant. The expression sa-viśvāsaṁ can be found in 1191 with confidence. and inform the landholders whose nature is modest and those who get food, beginning with the brahmins Here I translate my own reading : brāhmaṇādyānna-kṣudra-prakr̥ti-kuṭumvinaḥ. The reading brāhmaṇādhyānna-kṣudra-prakr̥ti-kuṭumvinaḥ suggested by , and must be corrected by brāhmaṇāḍhyānna-kṣudra-prakr̥ti-kuṭumvinaḥ and its translation will be the landholders whose nature is modest and those who get food along with the Brahmins. in the small village Caṇḍa caṇḍagrāmake as follows:

The villager Nābhaka petitions us : for the sake of the increase of my own merit and that of both my mother and my father, I wish to cause to dwell several noble Brahmins. Thus, be so kind as to make the favour of waste lands that are without revenue charges after receiving gold from me according to the custom of sale followed in the villages.

Since it has been ascertained through the investigation made by the record-keeper Patradāsa that it is appropriate, he informs this custom of sale applies. Thus it ought to be given for the sake of his merit by the supreme lord favored by the Great King ie. Brahmadatta parama-bhaṭṭāraka-mahārāja-pādena.

After having again considered the certification given by the aforementioned asyaiva Patradāsa, after having collected from the hands of Nābhaka two dīnāras and after it has been received in cash āyīkṛtya by the two appointed guardians sthāyapāla Kapila and Śrībhadra, and after the landholders and the council beginning with the notables have looked for one kulya-vāpa of waste land that is without revenue charges on the south, west and east of the boundary of Satya and also near to the north of Vāyigrāma, after this land was separating by the measurement of eight per nine reeds and has been limited by four marks, it is given to Nāgadeva ie. Nābhaka The name of the recipient of the gift is spelt Nābhaka in lines 4 and 8 and here Nāgadeva. and it shall be protected by those who will manage this province in the future after considering the merit of protection

It has been said by the great sages :

The one who would steal land given by himself or another becomes a worm in excrement and is cooked with his ancestors. This verse corresponds to the verse numbered 132 among the Stanzas on Bhūmidāna listed by Sircar see II170-200.

Land has been given by several kings beginning with Sagara. Whoever holds land at a given time, to him does the fruit belong. This verse corresponds to the verse numbered 23 among the Stanzas on Bhūmidāna listed by Sircar see II170-200.

The giver of land delights sixty thousand years in heaven; the one who challenges a donation as well as the one who approves of the challenge will reside as many years in hell. This verse corresponds to the verse numbered 123 among the Stanzas on Bhūmidāna listed by Sircar see II170-200.

First noticed and edited in .Re-edited by , , , , and . Discussed in and 104-105. Translated by 136-7 and 337-9. The text is re-edited here by Amandine Wattelier-Bricout based on the photos of the plate furnished by Arlo Griffiths and using a digital edition created by Dániel Balogh for the Siddham project as starting point. Since some readings differ from the previous editions, they are reported in the apparatus.

134-7 104-5 332-434 335-938 52 284-7 IN00044 475-96 1751286