Amgachi Plate of Vigrahapāla, year 12 EpiDoc Encoding Ryosuke Furui intellectual authorship of edition Ryosuke Furui DHARMA Tokyo DHARMA_INSBengalCharters00092

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Translation modified. Translation completed. Commentary added, translation in progress. Text, Apparatus and Bibliography completed. Initial encoding
Seal śrī-vigrahapāla-devaḥ
Plate ni ni

svasti.

maitrī kāruṇya-ratna-pramudita-hr̥dayaḥ preyasīṁ sandadhānaḥ samyak-samvodhi-vidyā-sarid-amala-jala-kṣālitājñāna-paṅkaḥ. jitvā yaḥ kāma-kāri-prabhavam abhivavaṁ śāśvatī prāpa śānti sa śrīmal-lokanātho jayati daśa-valo ’nyaś ca gopāla-devaḥ. lakṣmī-janma-niketanaṁ sama-karo voḍhu kṣamaḥ kṣmā-bharaṁ pakṣa-ccheda-bhayād upasthitavatām ekāśrayo bhū-bhr̥taāṁ*. maryyādā-paripālanaika-nirataḥ sśsauryālayo ’smād abhūd dugdhāmbhodhi-vilāsa-hāsi-mahimā śrī-dharmapālo nr̥paḥ. rāmasyeva gr̥hīta-satya-tapasas tasyānurūpo guṇaiḥ saumittrer udapādi tulya-mahimā vākpāla-nāmānujaḥ. yaḥ śrīmān naya-vikramaika-vasatir bhrātuḥ sthitaḥ śāsane śūnyāḥ śatru-patākinībhir akarod ekātapattrā diśaḥ. tasmād upendra-caritair jagatīm punānaḥ putro vabhūva vijayī jayapāla-nāmā. dharma-dviṣā śamayitā yudhi devapāle yaḥ pūrva-joe bhuvana-rājya-sukhāny avnaiṣīt·. śrīmān vigrahapālas tat-sūnur ajātaśatrur iva jātaḥ. śatru-vanitā-prasādhana-vilopi-vimalāsi-jala-dhāraḥ. dik-pālaiḥ kṣiti-pālanāya dadhataṁ dehae vibhaktāṅ guṇān· śrīmantaṁ janayām vabhūva tanayaṁ nārāyaṇaṁ sa prabhuṁ. yaḥ kṣoṇī-patibhiḥ śiro-maṇi-rucāśliṣṭāṁghri-pīṭhopala nyāyopāttam alaṁcakāra caritaiḥ. svair eva dharmāsanaṁ*. toyāśayair jaladhi-mūla-gabhīra-garbhair devālayais ca kula-bhū-vdhara-tulya-kakṣaiḥ. vikhyāta-kīrttir abhavat tanayaś ca tasya śrī-rājyapāla Iti madhyama-loka-pālaḥ. tasmāt pūrva-kṣiti-dhrān nidhir iva mahasā rāṣṭrakūṭānvayendos tuṅgasyottuṅga-mauler dduhitari tanayo bhāgyadevyā prasūtaḥ. śrīmāṅ gopāla-devaś cirataram avaner eka-patnyā Ivaiko bharttā bhūn naika-ratna-dyuti-khacita-catuḥ-sindhu-citrāṁśukāyāḥ. ya svāmina rāja-guṇair anūnam āsevate cārutayānuraktā. Utsāha-mantra-prabhu-śakti-lakṣmīḥ pr̥thvī sapatnīm iva śīlayantī. tasmād vabhūva savitur vasu-koṭi-varṣī. kālena candra Iva vigrahapāla-deva. netra-priyeṇa vimalena kalāmayena yenoditena dalito bhuvanasya tāpaḥ. hata-sakala-vipakṣaḥ saṅgare vāhu-darpād anadhikr̥ta-viluptaṁ rājyam āsādya pitryaṁ*. nihita-caraṇa-padmo bhū-bhr̥tāṁ mūrdhni tasmād abhavad avani-pālaḥ śrī-mahīpāla-deveḥ. tyajan doṣāsaṅga śirasi kr̥ta-pādaḥ kṣiti-bhr̥tā vitanvan· sarvvāśāḥ prasabham udayādrer iva raviḥ. hata-dhvāntaḥ snigdha-prakr̥tir anurāgoaika-vasatis tato dhanyaḥ puṇyair ajani nayapālo nara-pati. pītaḥ saj-jana-leocanaiḥ smara-ripoḥ pūjānuraktaḥ sadā. saṁgrāme dhavalo ’dhikaś ca haritaḥ kāla kule vidviṣāṁ. cātur-vvarṇṇya-samāśrayaḥ śsita-yasśas-pūprair jjagad rambhayan·. śrīmad-vigrahapāla-deva-nr̥patiḥ puṇyair jjanānām abhūt·. deśe prāci pracura-payasi svaccham āpīya toyaṁ svairaṁ bhrāntvā tad-anu malayopatyakā-candaneṣu. kr̥tvā sāndrair maruṣu jaḍatāṁ śīkarair abhra-tulyāḥ prāleyādreḥ kaṭakam abhajan yasya senā-gajendrāḥ.

sa khalu bhāgīrathī-patha-pravarttamāna-nānā-vidha-nau-vāṭaka-sampādita-setu-vandha-nihita-śaila-śikhara-śreṇī-vibhramāt·. niratiśaya-ghana-ghanāghana-ghaṭā-śyāmāyamāna-vāsara-lakṣmī-samāravdha-santata-jalada-samaya-sandehāt·. Udīcīnāneka-narapati-prābhr̥tī-kr̥tāprameya-haya-vāhinī-khara-khurotkhāta-dhūlī-dhūsarita-dig-antarālāt·. parameśvara-sevā-samāyātaāśeṣa-jāamvūdvīpa-bhū-pālānanta-pādāta-bhara-namad-avaneḥ. medhanahr̥ṣṭi-samāvāsita-śrīmaj-jaya-skandhāvārāt·. paramasaugato mahārādhirāja-śrī-nayapāla-deva-pādānudhyātaḥ parameśvaraḥ paramabhaṭṭārako mahārājādhirājaḥ śrīmān· vigrahapāla-devaḥ kuśalī. śrī-puṇḍravarddhana-bhuktau koṭīvarṣa-viṣayāntaḥpāti-vrāhmaṇīgrāma-maṇḍala-samvaddha-sva-samvaddhāvacchinna. talopeta-Adhunā-hala-kulita. kākinī-trayādhikodamāna-dvayopeta. sa-pādāḍhavāpottara-droṇa-dvaya-sameta. ṣaṭ-kulya-pramāṇa-ṭarṇṇagraheśvara-sameta-viṣamapurāśe samupagatāśe.ṣa-rāja-puruṣān· rāja-rājanyaka. rājaputra. rājāmātya. mahāsāndhivigrahika. mahākṣapaṭalika. mahāsāmanta. mahāsenāpati. mahāpratīhāra.dauḥsādhasādhanika. mahādaṇḍanāyaka. mahākumārāmātya. rājasthānoparika. dāśāparādhika. cauroddharaṇika. dāṇḍika. dāṇḍapāsśika. sśaulkika| gaulmika. kṣetrapa. prāntapāla. koṭṭapāla. Aṅgarakṣa. tad-āyukta-viniyuktaka. hastyaśvoṣṭranauvalavyāpr̥taka. kiśoravaḍavāgomahiṣyajāvikādhyakṣa. dūta-preṣaṇika. gamāgamika. Abhitvaramāṇa. viṣayapati. grāmapati. tarika. gauḍa. mālava. khaśa. hūṇa. kulika. karṇṇāṭa. lāṭa. cāṭa.bhaṭa. sevakādīn anyāṁś cākīrttitān·. rāja-pādopajīvina. prativāsino. vrāhmaṇottarān·. mahattamottama-kuṭumvi-puroga. medāndhra-caṇḍāla-paryantān· yathārhaṁ mānayati. vodhayati. samādiśati ca.

viditam astu bhavatā. yathopari-lilhito ’yaṁ grāmaḥ. sva-sīmā-tr̥ṇa-pūti-gocara-paryantaḥ sa-talaḥ soddeśaḥsāmra-madhūkaḥ. sa-jala-sthalaḥ sa-garttoṣaraḥ sa-daśāpacāraḥ. sa-cauroddharaṇaḥ parihr̥ta-sarva-pīḍaḥ. A-cāṭa-bhaṭa-praveśaḥ Akiñcit-pragrāhyaḥ samasta-bhā ga-bhoga-kara-hiraṇyādi-pratyāya-sametaḥ. bhūmi-cchidra-nyāyena. Ā-candrārka-kṣiti-sama-kālam· mātā-pitror ātmanaś ca puṇya-yaśo bhivr̥ddhaye bhagavantaṁ vuddha-bhaṭṭārakam uddiśya śāṇḍilya-sagotrāya. śāṇḍilya-Aśsita.-daivala-pravarāya hari-savrahmacāriṇe. sāmavedine. kauthumī-śākhādhyāyine. mīmāṁsā-vyākaraṇa-tarkka-vidyā-vide. kroḍāñca-vinirggata-matsyāvāsa-vinirggatāya. chattrāgrāma-vāstavyāya. vedānta-vit·-padmāvanadeva-paiautrāya. mahopādhyāya-Arkkadeva-putrāya khoduladevaśarmmaṇe. soma-grahe vidhivat· gaṅgāyāṁ snātvā śāsanī-kr̥tya pradatto ’smābhiḥ. Ato bhavadbhiḥ sarvair evānumantavyaM bhāvibhir api bhūpatibhiḥ. bhūmer dāna-phala-gaurāavāT. Apaharaṇena ca mahā-naraka-pāta-bhayāT. dānam idam anumodyānumodyānupālanīyam· prataivāsibhiś ca kṣetra-karaiḥ. Ājñā-śravaṇa-vidheyī-bhūya yathā-kālam samucita-bhāga-bhoga-kara-hiraṇyādi-pratyāyopanayaḥ kārya Iti..

samvat· 12 caitra-dine 9.

bhavanti cātra dharmānuśasinaḥ ślokāh.

vahubhir vasudhā dattā rājabhiḥ sagrādibhiḥ. yasya yasya yadā bhūmis tasya tasya tadā phala. bhūmi yaḥ pratigr̥hṇāti yaś ca bhūmi prayacchati. Ubhau tau puṇya-karmāṇau niyataṁ svarga-gāminau.. gām ekāṁ svarṇṇam ekañ ca bhūmer apy arddham aṅgulaṁ. haran narakam āyāti yāvad āhūta saṁplavam·. ṣaṣṭim varṣa-sahasrāṇi svarge modati bhūmi-daḥ.. Ākseptā cānumantā ca tāny eva narake vaseT. sva-dattāṁ para-dattā vā yo hareta vasundharām·. sa viṣṭhāyāṁ kr̥mir bhūtvā pitr̥bhiḥ saha pacyate. sarvān etān bhāvinaḥ pārthivendrāṁ bhūyo bhūyaḥ prārthayaty esa rāmaḥ. sāmānyo yaṁ dharma-setur nr̥pāṇā kāle kāle pālanīyaḥ krameṇa. Iti kamala-dalāmvu-vindu-lolā śriyam anucintya manuṣya-jīvitañ ca. sakalam idam udāhr̥tañ ca vuddhvā na hi puruṣaiḥ para-kīrttayo vilopyāḥ. sausāmya-varddhi-maryādā-yaśaḥ-satyaādy-āśā-nidhiḥ. vvrahmāṇī-dākṣā-mā-dhanoḥ dāhanī dagdha-bhū-bhujāṁ*. śrīmad-vigrahapālaḥ kṣiti-pati-tilako trayinaḥ . śrī-sarasirājam akaromn mantriṇam iha śāsane dūtaṁ*. ghosalī-grāma-niryāta-mahīdharadeva-sūnunā. Idaṁ śāsanam ut·kīrṇṇaṁ śaśidevaena śilpinā.
Seal śrī-śrīr
Plate ni niThe character ni, which seems to be an abbreviation for nibaddha "confirmed" is engraved at both upper left and right corners of the obverse. Oṁ rutayānuraktārutarānuraktā śīlayantīśīlayantāīṁ anurāgoaika-anurāgaika- dhavalocaturo ’dhikaś ca’dhikañ ca kālakāla śsita-sita- -yasśas-yaśa- -pūprair-puñjair -samāyātaāśeṣa--samāyātāśeṣa- -jāamvūdvīpa--jamvūdvīpa- -pādāta--ṣādāta- -avaneḥ.-avaneḥ. medhanahr̥ṣṭi-haradhāma -maṇḍala-samvaddha-maṇḍalāntaḥpāti- -samvaddhāvacchinna.-saṁvaddhāvacchinna- -dvayopeta.-dvayopeta- sa-pādāḍhavāpottara-sasīmāntaḥ. -ṭarṇṇagraheśvara--daṇḍatraheśvara- -viṣamapurāśeviṣamapurāṁśe rāja-rājanyakarāja. rājanyaka rājasthānoparikarājasthānīyoparika dāṇḍapāsśikadāṇḍapāśika kiśoravaḍavāgomahiṣyajāvikādhyakṣakiśoravaḍavāgomahiṣājāvikādhyakṣa -puroga.purogān -pūti--yūti- -sametaḥ.-sametaḥ -nyāyena. Ānyāyenā śāṇḍilya-Aśsitaśāṇḍilyāsita- -vyākaraṇa--myākaraṇa- kroḍāñca-kroḍañci- ... āhūtaābhūta- tānytām yaṁ dharma-yaṁ dharma- ca.ca. sausāmyasausā -varddhi-vanti -yaśaḥ-rasaṁ -satyaādy-āśā--satya-tapo- vvrahmāṇī-vrahmāṇi -dākṣā-mā-suradhāmā dāhanīṇo trayinaḥmaṇi -sarasirājam-sahasirājam -mahīdharadeva- F. W. Thomas, the volume editor of Epigraphia Indica, suggests -śrī-mahīdhara- as an intended reading due to metrical consideration. May emend -mahīdharasya in view of similar stanzas in the Belwa Plate of Mahīpāla I, year 2 and other Pāla plates. ut·kīrṇṇaṁutkīrṇṇaṁ śaśidevaenaśaśideveva
Seal

Illustrious Vigrahapāladeva III

Plate

Confirmed. Confirmed.

Success! Welfare!

The one with mind delighted by the jewel of compassion, who is united with beloved goddess Benevolence, whose dirt of ignorance is cleansed by pure water of the stream of knowledge of perfect enlightenment, who, after conquering the powerful cause of existence producing desire, acquired eternal tranquillity, may he, the illustrious Lord of the World the Buddha possessing ten powers be victorious, otherwise also Gopāladeva I!

From him was born illustrious king Dharmapāla, who was the birthplace of Lakṣmī the ocean with makaras was levying fair tax on the origin of wealth, able to carry the burden of the earth, a sole refuge for mountains kings approaching him in fear of cutting of their wings destruction of their troops, devoted to the protection of custom, an abode of heroism and great by whiteness with beauty of milk ocean.

Of him, who gained genuine asceticism like Rāma, there was the brother named Vākpāla, similar to him and born with virtues of the son of Sumitrā Lakṣmaṇa, having equal greatness. He was an illustrious sole abode of conduct and valour, adhered to the order of his brother and made quarters under one umbrella without enemy armies.

From him was born the son, the victor named Jayapāla, who cleansed the world by his deeds of Upendra Viṣṇu. He, the tranquiliser of enemies of Dharma in battle, brought comforts of world kingship to Devapāla, his elder.

Illustrious Vigrahapāla I, his son like Ajātaśatru Indra, was born. He held the stream of water that was the clean sword destroying decorations of wives of his enemies.

He procreated his illustrious son Nārāyaṇapāla, the master, who held in his body virtues parted by the guardians of quarters for the protection of the earth. He decorated by his own deeds the properly acquired seat of dharma, the stone of whose footstool was attached by lustre of crest jewels by kings.

And his son, the protector of central world named illustrious Rājyapāla was born, with the fame known by the bed of water inside the deep bottom of the ocean and by the abodes of deities which equalled the rooms of kings of the lineage.

From him in Bhāgyadevī, the daughter of Tuṅga, the moon of the Rāṣṭrakūṭa lineage with raised crown, was born the son like the treasury of greatness of previous kings. He, illustrious Gopāladeva III was for a long time like the only one husband of the earth, the devoted wife who had manifold garments of four oceans studded with lustre of many gems.

Beloved Lakṣmī, who was energy śakti of will utsāha, consultation mantra and lordship prabhu, served with loveliness this master filled with royal virtues, as if exceeding the earth, her co-wife.

From him, as if the moon raining ten million of rays was born from the sun at proper time, was born Vigrahapāladeva II. By him who was dear to eyes, spotless, having rays branches of arts and elevated, the heat of the world was dispersed.

From him was born illustrious king Mahīpāladeva I, who had all the enemies destroyed in battle because of the pride of his arms after stabilising the ancestral kingdom unruled and lost, and had his lotus-like feet laid on the heads of kings.

King Nayapāla, abandoning association with vices, putting his feet on heads of kings, forcibly filling all the spaces, having destroyed darkness, having affectionate subjects, the sole abode of affection and rich with virtues, was born from him, as if the sun was born from the Udaya Mountain.

Illustrious King Vigrahapāladeva III, who was drunk by the eyes of good people, always pleasant in worships of the enemy of love Śiva, beautiful and superior to the sun in battle, the death in the troop of enemies, the shelter of those belonging to four varṇas, colouring the world with his swelling white fame, was born with virtues.

After drinking clean water in the eastern country abundant with water, then wandering freely in candana forests at the foot of Malaya Mountain, after making coolness in the Desert by dense mist, his cloud-like best war elephants divided the ridge of Snow Mountain.

From the illustrious military camp of victory pitched at Medhanahr̥ṣṭi, where the group of mountain peaks laid by the bridge produced by various kinds of large ships going around the path of river Bhāgīrathī are rolling, where the doubt of the time of lasting cloud occurred because of daylight darkened by the assembly of unsurpassed massive rutting elephants, where the intermediate space of directions is made grey by dust dug up by the hard hooves of innumerable horse troops gifted by many northern kings and where the earth bows to the weight of innumerable foot soldiers of all the kings of Jambūdvīpa coming for the service to the supreme lord.

Parameśvara paramabhaṭṭāraka mahārājādhirāja Illustrious Vigrahapāladeva III, healthy, the devout worshipper of Sugata the Buddha, who was accepted by his majesty mahārājādhirāja illustrious Nayapāladeva, honours, announces and orders suitably all the approached royal officials beginning with rāja, rājanyaka, rājaputra, rājāmātya, mahāsāndhivigrahika, mahākṣapaṭalika, mahāsāmanta, mahāsenāpati, mahāpratihāra, dauḥsādhasādhanika, mahādaṇḍanāyaka, mahākumārāmātya, rājasthānoparika, dāśāparādhika, cauroddharaṇika, dāṇḍika, dāṇḍapāśika, śaulkika, gaulmika, kṣetrapa, prāntapāla, koṭṭapāla, aṅgarakṣa, their āyuktas and viniyuktakas, hastyaśvoṣṭranaubalavyāpr̥taka, kiśoravaḍavāgomahiṣyajāvikādhyakṣa, dūta, preṣaṇika, gamāgamika, abhitvaramāṇa, viṣayapati, grāmapati, tarika, Gauḍa, Mālava, Khaśa, Hūṇa, Kulika, Karṇāta, Lāṭa, cāṭa, bhaṭa and sevaka, and the other unnamed dependants on the royal feet, and the residents accompanied by brāhmaṇas, led by mahattamas, uttamas and kuṭumbins reaching to medas, andhras and caṇḍālas, at the portion of Viṣamapura accompanied by Ṭarṇagraheśvara, which was standard of six kulyas accompanied by two droṇas added with one and a quarter āḍhavāpas accompanied by two udamānas with excess of three kākinīs, accompanied by uninterrupted flat land connected to itself, now ploughed, belonging to Brāhmaṇīgrāma maṇḍala within Koṭīvarṣa viṣaya in illustrious Puṇḍravardhana bhukti as follows:

“It should be known to you. That village as written above, as far as its own border, grass field and pasture, was given by us in the name of the venerable Lord Buddha, after making a royal grant, with flat land, with raised ground, with mango and mahua trees, with watering place, with ditch and saline land, with fine of ten offences, with the right to catch thieves, exempted from all the burdens, without entry of cāṭas and bhaṭas, without anything taken away, accompanied by contribution of all bhāga, bhoga, kara, hiraṇya and so on, by the rule of land reclamation, as long as the moon, the sun and the earth exist, for the increase of merit and fame of parents and myself, to Khoduladevaśarman, belonging to Śāṇḍilya gotra and Śāṇḍilya, Asita and Daivala pravara, co-disciple of Hari, Sāmavedin, learning Kauthumī śākhā, knowing the disciplines of hermeneutics, grammar and epistemology, originating from Matsyāvāsa originating from Kroḍāñca and residing in Chattrāgrāma, the grandson of Padmāvanadeva knowing Vedānta and the son of mahopadhyāya Arkadeva, after bathing in river Gaṅgā according to the rule at the time of lunar eclipse. Hence it should be consented to by you all. This donation should also be protected by future kings after repeatedly approving it out of respect for merit of donation of land and from fear of falling to the great hell by its violation. And the practice of appropriate contribution of bhāga, bhoga, kara, hiraṇya and so on should be made at proper time by residing cultivators after becoming subject to hearing the order of donee.”

Year 12 month Caitra day 9.

Here are also verses instructing dharma as follows:

The earth was given by many kings beginning with Sagara. To the one to whom the land belongs, belongs then the merit.

The one who gains land and the one who gives land, both of them with meritorious deeds are surely going to heaven.

The one stealing a cow, one piece of gold or a half aṅgula of land comes to hell as long as he invokes deluge.

For sixty thousand years, a giver of land rejoices in heaven. The one who denies it and the one who agrees with him live in hell for the same period.

Either given by himself or given by the others, the one who stole land, he would be boiled with his ancestors after becoming an insect in excreta.

To all these future kings, this Rāma demands repeatedly. “This common bridge of dharma for kings should be always protected with effort.”

After thus considering wealth and human life fragile as a drop of water on lotus petal, also after knowing all that is said, the meritorious deeds of others should not be destroyed by human beings.

The one who is the storehouse of prospects for good manner, fame, truth and so on increasing due to reconciliation, the bowstring of the bow of the Mother Brahmāṇī, the daughter of Dakṣa Durgā for distressed kings.

Illustrious Vigrahapāla III, the mark of kings, made illustrious Sarasirāja, the councilor, a messenger here in this edict of of three Vedss.

This edict was engraved by Śaśideva, the artisan, the son of Mahīdharadeva originating from Ghoṣalīgrāma.

Plate

The reading and interpretation of this stanza, which seems to eulogise King Vigrahapāla III mentioned in the folloing stanza, are uncertain due to the damage on the plate and quality of the available photograph. It needs to be verified through the inspection of the plate.

First notified by Henry Thomas Colebrooke. A. F. Rudolf Hoernle published a tentative reading of the text and reprinted it with revision. Franz Kielhorn then published the metrical portion only, and Akshaya Kumar Maitreya incorporated it in his collection. Properly edited by Rakhal Das Banerji for the first time. Now re-edited by Ryosuke Furui based on the reading from estampages published in Banerji’s edition and digital photographs provided by the Asiatic Society.

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