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<title>Chinaganjam Pillar of the time of Yaññasiri-Gotamīputta</title>
<respStmt>
<resp>EpiDoc Encoding</resp>
<persName ref="part:argr">
<forename>Arlo</forename>
<surname>Griffiths</surname>
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<respStmt>
<resp>intellectual authorship of edition</resp>
<persName ref="part:argr">
<forename>Arlo</forename>
<surname>Griffiths</surname>
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<persName ref="part:vito">
<forename>Vincent</forename>
<surname>Tournier</surname>
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<authority>DHARMA</authority>
<pubPlace>Munich</pubPlace>
<idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSEIAD00242</idno>
<availability>
<licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
<p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported
Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to
Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,
California, 94041, USA.</p>
<p>Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Arlo Griffiths & Vincent Tournier.</p>
</licence>
</availability>
<date from="2019" to="2025">2019-2025</date>
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<repository>DHARMAbase</repository>
<idno/><!-- don't modify this -->
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<msContents><!-- describe the intellectual content of an inscription -->
<summary><!-- //// NOT MANDATORY ////--></summary> <!-- offers the possibility to give a summary of the inscription's content -->
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<handDesc>
<p><!-- The script name(s) will be inserted here at a later stage from the metadata spreasheet. At this stage, you can mention here in a free-text paragraph any characteristics of the writing observed more than once in this inscription that seem unusual/uncommon or otherwise noteworthy given the general characteristics of the script in question. See EGD 11.2. --></p>
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<p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994).</p>
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<change who="part:argr" when="2022-11-03" status="draft">started encoding of the inscription</change>
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<body>
<div type="edition" xml:lang="pra-Latn" rendition="class:83225 maturity:83209">
<!-- class:83225 = southern class Brāhmī, maturity:83209 = middle Brāhmī -->
<p>
<lb n="1"/>sidhaṁ <space/> na<unclear>mo</unclear> bhagavato <gap reason="illegible" quantity="5" unit="character"/> raño gotamī<lb
n="2" break="no"/>putasa <rs nymRef="PSN03452" type="individual-masc" subtype="ruler" role="ruling"><roleName>Araka</roleName>-<persName>siri-yaña-sātakaṇisa</persName></rs> vasa-satāya saṁvachara sata<unclear>v</unclear>i<lb
n="3" break="no"/>saṁ <num value="27">20 7</num> <space/> hemaṁtānaṁ pakhaṁ catuthaṁ <num value="4">4</num> di<supplied reason="lost">vasaṁ paṁca</supplied>maṁ <num value="5">5</num> Etīya
<lb n="4"/>puvāya Araka-mahatarakena mahā<seg type="aksara"><seg type="component" subtype="body"><gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg>e</seg><gap reason="illegible" quantity="10" unit="character" precision="low"/>
<lb n="5" break="no"/>yājinā mahādaṁ<gap reason="lost" unit="character" extent="unknown"/> <supplied reason="lost">bu</supplied><lb
n="6" break="no"/>dhāya <gap reason="lost" unit="character" extent="unknown"/>
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<div type="apparatus">
<!--apparatus encoded as per EGD §9.1, basic elements for apparatus below-->
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<app loc="1">
<lem>na<unclear>mo</unclear> bhagavato <gap reason="illegible" quantity="5" unit="character"/></lem>
<rdg source="bib:Buehler1892_02">na<unclear>mo bha</unclear>gavato <gap reason="illegible" quantity="3" unit="character"/><unclear>vasa</unclear></rdg>
<rdg source="bib:Majumdar1920_01">na<unclear>mo</unclear> bhagavato vā<unclear>sude</unclear>va<unclear>sa</unclear></rdg>
<rdg source="bib:Venkataramayya1965_01"><del>namo bha</del>gavato <del>namo bhavato</del></rdg>
<note>Bühler explains in his footnote 5: <q>After भगवतो five, possibly six, letters have been obliterated. The last two seem to have been वस.</q>
Majumdar commented on his reading <foreign>vāsudevasa</foreign> filling tha gap: <q>This word was left unread by Bühler. But the above reading is certain. The triangular shape of the first letter indicates that it can only be a <foreign>v</foreign> ; the third letter is apparently <foreign>de</foreign>, and those that follow, as Bühler also has stated, are to be read as <foreign>vasa</foreign>. Under these circumstances, <foreign>vāsudevasa</foreign> would, in my opinion, be the only reading possible.</q> Venkataramayya rightly questioned Majumdar's confidence, and explained his own understanding of the situation as follows: <q>The scribe after inscribing <foreign>namo bhagavato</foreign> after <foreign>sidhaṁ</foreign> seems to have again repeated by mkistake the letters <foreign>namo bhavato</foreign> (omitting <foreign>ga</foreign>) and realised that he has by mistake repeated the same portion which he had already written before. So he seems to have tried to erase, and partially succeeded in erasing, the first three letters <foreign>namo bha</foreign> following <foreign>sidhaṁ</foreign>. By the time he erased these three letters he seems to have further discovered suddently that he had not corrected written the duplicated namo <foreign>bha ga vato</foreign> in which he omitted the letter <foreign>ga</foreign>. So he quite naturally retained the first which was the correctly written <foreign>namo bhagavato</foreign> and wilfully erased the duplicated and incorrect portion <foreign>namo bhavato</foreign>.</q> We for our part remain agnostic about what has happened here, but add as further possibility that the illegible segment, whether wilfully erased or accidentally damaged, originally read <foreign>tathāgatasa</foreign>.
Based on the parallel in EIAD 1 one might expect <foreign>Agapogalasa</foreign>, but this cannot be squared with the shapes of the remaining vestiges of characters.</note>
</app>
<app loc="1">
<lem source="bib:Venkataramayya1965_01">gotamī-</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Buehler1892_02 bib:Majumdar1920_01">gotami-</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="2">
<lem>sata<unclear>v</unclear>i<lb n="3" break="no"/>saṁ</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Buehler1892_02">sata<unclear>vi</unclear><lb n="3" break="no"/>maṁ</rdg>
<rdg source="bib:Majumdar1920_01">sata<unclear>vi</unclear><gap reason="undefined" quantity="1" unit="character"/>saṁ</rdg>
<note>Majumdar misinterpreted the dash at the end of Bühler's reading of line 1 as expressing a gap, whereas it merely expressed that the linebreak falls in mid-word; the <unclear>ma</unclear> for <unclear>sa</unclear> was probably merely a printing error. Majumdar's note therefore seems quite far off the mark: <q>Bühler reads
<foreign>saṁvachara sata(vi) maṁ 20 7</foreign>. Apparently, he would restore it as <foreign>saṁvachara sata[vi][sa*]maṁ 20 7</foreign>. But the letter before the numeral sign for <foreign>20</foreign> is clearly <foreign>saṁ</foreign>. Therefore, the lost letter can only be <foreign>se</foreign>.</q> There is not, in our opinion, any lost character here.</note>
</app>
<app loc="3">
<lem source="bib:Majumdar1920_01 bib:Venkataramayya1965_01">hemaṁtānaṁ</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Buehler1892_02">hematānaṁ</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="3">
<lem>di<supplied reason="lost">vasaṁ paṁca</supplied>maṁ</lem>
<note>Thus restored by Bühler.</note>
</app>
<app loc="3">
<lem source="bib:Majumdar1920_01">Etīya</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Buehler1892_02 bib:Venkataramayya1965_01">Etiya</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="4">
<lem>mahā<seg type="aksara"><seg type="component" subtype="body"><gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg>e</seg><gap reason="illegible" quantity="10" unit="character" precision="low"/></lem>
<rdg source="bib:Majumdar1920_01">mahā<supplied reason="lost">s</supplied>e</rdg>
<note>Majumdar proposes to restore <foreign>mahāsenāpatinā</foreign>. This seems convincing.</note>
</app>
<app loc="5">
<lem>mahādaṁ<gap reason="lost" unit="character" extent="unknown"/></lem>
<note>Majumdar proposes to restore <foreign>mahādaṅḍanāyakena</foreign>. This seems convincing.</note>
</app>
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<div type="translation" resp="part:argr part:vito">
<p>Success! Homage to the Bhagavant! Of King Gotamīputta, the noble <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>araka</foreign></supplied> Siriyañña Sātakaṇṇi — may he live one hundred years! — the twenty-seventh 27 year, fourth 4 fortnight of the cold season, fifth 5 day. On the above, the noble chief, great general, the ... sacrificer, the great judge, <gap reason="ellipsis"/> to the Buddha.</p>
</div>
<div type="commentary">
<!--commentary encoded as per section §9.3 -->
<!--
etīya puvāya: the same expression occurs in Nasik No. 25 (Vāsiṣṭhīputra Śrī Puḷumāvi year 2).
cf. EIAD 15 mahāsenāpatisa mahātalavarasa mahādaṁḍanāyakasa dhanakānaṁ khaṁdavisākhaṁṇakasa
-->
</div>
<div type="bibliography">
<!--bibliography encoded as per section §9.4 -->
<p>First edited by Bühler and again edited by Majumdar, both times from estampages; edited once more by Venkataramayya based on direct inspection of the stone as well as estampages. Re-edited here by Arlo Griffiths & Vincent Tournier from a photo of an estampage and from photos of the stone.</p>
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<bibl n="B"><ptr target="bib:Buehler1892_02"/></bibl>
<bibl n="M"><ptr target="bib:Majumdar1920_01"/></bibl>
<bibl n="V"><ptr target="bib:Venkataramayya1965_01"/></bibl>
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<listBibl type="secondary">
<!--
Lüders 1340
Aiyappan & Srinivasan 1998 [1952]: 50 (cite named here "Chinne")
Hanumantha Rao et al. 1998: 128.
Tsukamoto China 001
-->
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<bibl><ptr target="bib:Tsukamoto1996-2003_01"/><citedRange unit="volume">1</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">China 001</citedRange></bibl>
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