Copper plates from Tummalagudem (set II) — reign of Vikramendravarman II, year 11 author of digital edition Arlo Griffiths Vincent Tournier DHARMA Paris DHARMA_INSEIAD00175

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Copper plates from Tummalagudem (set II) — reign of Vikramendravarman II, year 11 Arlo Griffiths Arlo Griffiths Vincent Tournier Stefan Baums Ingo Strauch assistance with XML encoding and metadata verification Chloé Chollet assistance with XML encoding and metadata verification Marine Schoettel digital humanities consultant Emmanuelle Morlock digital humanities consultant Andrew Ollett

First digital edition made by École française d'Extrême-Orient (Paris, France), realized in collaboration with the HiSoMA Research Centre (Lyon, France) and hosted by TGIR Huma-Num (France) as Early Inscriptions of Āndhradeśa, in 2015-2017.

Early Inscriptions of Āndhradeśa DHARMA_INSEIAD00175

Copyright (c) 2017 by Stefan Baums, Arlo Griffiths, Ingo Strauch and Vincent Tournier.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA.

DHARMAbase EFEO EIAD 175 Archaeological Museum Panagal P-7175

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dīptyā diṅmaṇḍalaṁ vyāptaṁ yasya bālārkkatejasaḥ satyāśrayasuta śrīmān sa jayaty uttamāśrayaḥ svasti bhagavacchrīparvvatasvāmipādānuddhyānāvaptaprajāparīpālanādhikārāṇāṁ brahmakṣatratejobhr̥tāṁ viṣṇuvikramanayasampadāṁ viṣṇukuṇḍīnāṁ ṣaḍabhijñaprātihāryyadarśanānugrahajanitasugataśāsanābhiprasādasya vibudhabhavanapratisparddhiśobhāsamudayānekamahāvihārapratiṣṭhāpanādhigatānantabrāhmapuṇyasaṁbhārasya mahārājaśrīgovindavarmmaṇaḥ putrasyaikādaśāśvamedhabahusuvarṇṇapauṇḍarīkavājapeyakratusahasrasarvvamedharājasūyapuruṣamedhādyāharaṇāt samyaganuṣṭhitaśrutivihitāśeṣaduṣkarakāmyakarmmānuṣṭhānasya prāgdakṣiṇāparāmbhonidhirevāsaritsalilavalayavibhūṣaṇāyā bhuvo bhartur mmahārājaśrīmādhavavarmmaṇaḥ priyaputrasya vākāṭakamahādevīsutasya mahākaveḥ paramasaugatasya mahārājaśrīvikramendrasya sūnor anekacāturddantavijayādhigatāśeṣacakkravarttikṣetrādhipatyasya sphuradkhaḍgakarasahasrāvalīparigatasvabhujadinakaraprabhāvaviddhvastāśeṣadāyādamaṇḍalaghanatimirapaṭalasya śrīndrabhaṭṭārakavarmmaṇaḥ priyasūnus tadanurūpaśauryyātiśayasamastarājariṣiguṇasampadyogasāmartthyāt prakr̥timaṇḍalena 2śaiśava Evāropitarājyabhāraḥ paramadhārmmiko dharmmavijayī praṇatānekasāmantamakuṭamaṇimayūkhodbhāsitavaracaraṇayugaḷaḥ śrīmān vikramendrabhaṭṭārakavarmmānāgatakālabhāvinaḥ svaparavaṁśālaṁkārabhūtān sarvvān eva rājariṣīn anurūpeṇa satkr̥tyettham avabodhayati yathā prathitaprabhāvānyarājavaṁśasātmībhūtapr̥thivīpatipadaprasahyāharaṇavyaktaniratiśayamahimānaṁ śrīmādhavarājābhidhānaṁ sutacchalena manoharākārabaddhaṁ nayaparākramādiguṇasandoham abhiprajātāyā viṣṇukuṇḍikulabahumataikasaṁbandhitābhikhyātamāhātmyam aśeṣasāmantakulatilakāyamānābhijanam avikalaguṇamaṇikiraṇanikaravicchuritavipuladigantarālaṁ śrīpr̥thivīmūlarājavaṁśam utpattiparigraheṇa śriyeva sāgaram alaṁkr̥tavatyā prativiṣayam atibahuprakāramanoramodārakarmmādbhutastūpavihāracūḍāmaṇibhir alaṁkr̥tasakaladakṣiṇāpathasya śrīpārvvateyapūrvvāparakṣitipatiparaṁparāhāramaddhyanirupamavirājitayā kaustubhāyamānayaśojanmanaḥ guṇarūpasaṁpadbhi3r anugatagovindasya śrīgovindarājasya mūrttimatī śriyaṁ praty aviṣayīkr̥tamanorathayā paramabhaṭṭārikamahādevyā śrīmadindrapuram uccair alaṁkarttukāmayeva pratiṣṭhāpite śrīmati paramabhaṭṭārikāmahāvihāre smābhi pravarddhamānavijayarājyasaṁvatsaraikādaśe kārttikamāsakr̥ṣṇapakṣāṣṭamyā cāturddiśāryyavarabhikṣusaṁghaparibhogāya sarvvadānasahitas sarvvābādhaparihāreṇa Irundoṟo nāma grāmo dattaḥ sa sarvvair eva rājariṣibhiḥ śrutismr̥tisadācārānuvr̥ttibhiḥ samyakparipālanīyaḥ yaś cātra lobhapramādājñānakṣudraparivāradoṣavaśād dharmmavilopāya pravartteta tasyemāni smr̥tivihitāni pātakāni bhavanti .nigghnatāṁ bhartr̥govipra bālayoṣidvipaścitaḥ yā gatis sā bhaved vr̥ttiṁ harataḥ śāsanāṁkitām· .bahubhir vvasudhā dattā bahubhiś cānupālitā yasya yasya yadā bhūmis tasya tasya tadā phalam· .ṣaṣṭi 4varṣasahasrāṇi svargge tiṣṭhati bhūmidaḥ Ākṣeptā cānumantā ca tāny eva narake vaset· .kr̥tvā pallavabhaṁgapelavabalaṁ siṁhāhvayaṁ pallavaṁ pratyāvr̥tya yadāgataḥ prathamataś śakrābhidhānaṁ puraṁ prādāc chāsanam uttamāśraya Iti khyātas tadedaṁ nr̥paḥ sāṣṭāśīticatuḥśate śakapates saṁvatsarāṇāṁ gate .yenoddhr̥tā bhartr̥kulasya lakṣmīr adhaḫ patantī nayavikramābhyā Ājñāpanākhyātakulaprasūtaḥ śrīmūlarājaḥ sa nr̥peṣu mukhyaḥ .
uttamāśrayaḥuttamāśrayaThe visarga is actually visible on the photo.-prātihāryya--prātihāryya--prātihārya-parāmbhonidhir-parāmbunidhir-haraṇāt-āharahas--āharahas-bharturbhartturparamasaugatasyaThe first akṣara is damaged and what is left of it might also be read as sa; naturally, pa is expected here.-cakkravartti--cakkravarti-sphurad-Both suggest to emend sphurat-.-prabhāvavi- proposes to emend -prabhāvi-.śaiśavasaisava-ālaṁkāra--ālaṅkāra--ālaṁkāra-sandohamMirashi notes (: 136): Some word like Mādhavaṁ denoting Vishnu is inadvertently omitted here. The intended sense is that the Paramabhaṭṭārikā Mahādevī was the mother of God Mādhava (Vishnu), who has incarnated himself in the guise of (her son) Mādhavavarman I.abhiprajātāyā suggests to read abhiprajātayā.-saṁbandhi--sambandhi--ābhikhyātaThe shape of the akṣara khyā is curious, when compared to that of the khyā in the last line of this record. It might be the case that a khkhyā was intended.cūḍāmaṇibhircūlāmaṇibhirvirājitayāvirājitayavirājitayā-yaśojanmanaḥ-yasojanmanaḥsmābhismābhismābhiḥsarvvadāna-One has the impression the engraver may have written svarvvadāna-, and if so he may have attempted to cancel the first subscript -v-. We expect sarvvādāna here, although we don’t see the marker of the attached to the repha in the photo of the plates.sarvvābādhaparihāreṇasarvvabridhāparihāreṇa however clearly mistook the vocalic marker of the ā, in vvā, with an i attached to the following akṣara. The same reading sarvvābādhaparihāreṇa is also found in EIAD 187, l. 13.The engraver left unengraved enough space of 7 akṣaras, as he reached the end of the sentence.sarvvair evasarvvair evasarvver evarājariṣibhi proposes to emend rājar̥ṣibhiḥ, whereas proposes rājarṣibhiḥ.nigghnatāṁThe expected reading is ghna.cānupālitā and mistakenly read the the at the beginning of l. 39.bhūmisThe vocalization -ū- includes a superfluous second rightward horizontal stroke. svarggeThe reason for leaving a space after the first pāda of this verse seems to be that two akṣaras were written by the engraver, before being erased.nayavikramābhyāWhat may appear to be the that we expect, placed below the bhyā in the black and white picture of the plate published by does not appear to be one upon closer inspection.

Victorious is he, whose lustre has pervaded [all] directions of the compass, he who is resplendent as the young sun, this illustrious Uttamāśraya, son of Satyāśraya.

Hail!

The illustrious Vikramendrabhaṭṭārakavarman, who was entrusted with the burden of kingship, as he was still a child, by the council of the ministers, on account of his accomplishment in and dedication to all the virtues of royal seers [and of] his superior heroism worthy of his [father], who is extremely righteous (paramadhārmika) and a conqueror through Dharma (dharmavijayin), the pair of whose excellent feet is illuminated by the rays of the gems of the diadems of many neighboring rulers as they bow [to him]; who belongs to the Viṣṇukuṇḍins—who have obtained the legitimacy (adhikāra) to protect their subjects thanks to the blessings received at the feet of the Bhagavant Śrīparvatasvāmin, who abound in the glory of [both] the brahmins and kṣatriyas and who, like Viṣṇu, are accomplished in prowess and political skill (naya)—; the beloved son of Śrī-Indrabhaṭṭārakavarman—who acquired the sovereignty over the whole domain of a cakravartin by means of victories in innumerable four-tusked (i.e. elephant) [combats], by whom the veil of dense darkness [constituted by] the circle of other heirs [to the throne] was entirely dispelled, by means of the power of the sun that was [lying in] his own hand, and spread through the rows of rays [in the form of] the glittering swords [of his army]—, the son of the great king Śrī-Vikramendravarman [I]—who was the son of a great Vākāṭaka queen, was a great poet and a devout worshipper of the Sugata—; the beloved son of the great king Śrī-Mādhavavarman—who perfectly carried out the accomplishment of all difficult, desire-fulfilling, rites prescribed by the śruti because of his performance of eleven Aśvamedhas, Bahusuvarṇas, and Pauṇḍarikas, a thousand of Kratus, the Sarvamedha, the royal consecration, and human sacrifice, who was the lord of earth adorned with the ring of the waters formed by the Revā (i.e. the Narmadā) [in the north] as well as of the oceans in the east, south, and west; the son of the mahārāja Śrī-Govindavarman— the Śrī-Govindavarman, whose trust in the Teaching of the Sugata was born from the favour of a miraculous vision of Him who is endowed with the six super-knowledges (ṣaḍabhijña, i.e. the Buddha), whose accumulation of boundless Brāhma-merit has been obtained through the foundation of many mahāvihāras that produced a brilliance rivalling with that of the residences of the gods (or: their temples); after dutifully honoring all royal seers, who will be true ornaments in the his own or in other dynasties, informs in this respect:

‘She who gave birth under the pretext of a son, to the [very] heap of virtues [like] political wisdom/restraint, endowed with charming personality, bearing the glorious name Mādhavarāja and having an unsurpassed might, manifest in forcibly seizing the royal seats (i.e., cities) that had been completely beneficial to other royal families of reputed might;

who (Paramabhaṭṭārikāmahādevī), by taking birth, adorned the Śrī-Pr̥thivīmūla family—just as Śrī (Lakṣmī) [did] the ocean—which, by the abundance of rays of lights causes the extensive quarters of space to shine; whose greatness is manifest in (its) honorable and unique marriage-relationship with the Viṣṇukuṇḍi family; and [therefore] whose noble descent stands in the foremost among the family of all feudatories/neighboring kings;

on account of whom (Paramabhaṭṭārikā) the glorious Govindarāja resembling Govinda (Viṣṇu) by virtues, beauty and wealth, did not crave for Śrī having corporeal body, who gave rise to the fame that resembled the kaustubha gem that shines uniquely at the centre of the necklace in the form of the row of kings of the past and future of the family [sprung] from the Śrīparvata; and who beautified the whole of the Dakṣiṇāpatha by varied attractive and sublime works viz., the wonderful stūpas and monasteries [built] in every district;

in the glorious Paramabhaṭṭārikāmahāvihāra founded by the mahādevī Paramabhaṭṭārikā as if she was desirous of highly beautifying the glorious Indrapura;

on the eleventh year of the increasingly victorious reign, on the eighth lunar day of the dark fortnight of the month of Kārtika, the village named Irundora is gifted by us with the exemption from all obstacles and with all the constituents of the gift (or with all custom-duties) for the enjoyment of the universal congregation of the excellent monks.

[This gift] may also be well protected by all the sage-kings following [the path] of the śruti, smr̥ti, and sadācāra. Whosoever, being victim of greed, carelessness, or the wickedness of [his] mean servants, proceeds on this [gift] with a view to destroy the charity, to him will accrue these sins enjoined in the smr̥tis.’

The destiny of those who slay their master, a cow, a brahmin, a child, a woman or a learned man, will be the one of him who seizes the livelihood that is marked by a (royal) charter.

By numerous [kings], land has been given; and by many it has been protected. Whoever holds land at a given moment, to him does the fruit then belong.

The giver of land revels in heaven for sixty thousand years; the one who seizes [land] as well as the one who approves (of the seizing) will reside as many [years] in hell.

Having made the Pallava named Siṁha as weak as a fragment of the sprout and having returned back and come first to Śakrapura, the king widely known as Uttamāśraya, issued this edict when four hundred and eighty-eight years of the lot of the Śakas have elapsed.

The ājñāpana [of this charter] is that Śrīmūlarāja who is born of a reputed family; who is the foremost among the kings; and by whom the down-fallen fortune of the family of the overlord is restored by means of political wisdom and valor.

First described and edited by Sastri in Bharati 1965 , followed by : 733–8, : 15–20 and : 135–8. Re-edited here from published documentation and after autopsy of the plates.

1968-69: 2, no. A.3: 172–5 (no. VIII): 202–7