Seal śrī-tribhuvanāṁkuśa

Plates

svasti śrīmatāṁ sakala-bhuvana-saṁstūyamāna-mānavya-sagotrāṇāṁ hāritī-putrāṇāṁ kauśikī-vara-prasāda-labdha-rājyānāṁ mātr̥-gaṇa-paripālitānāṁ svāmi-mahāsena-pādānudhyātānāṁ bhagavan-nārāyaṇa-prasāda-samāsādita-vara-varāhāa-lāñchanekṣaṇa-kṣaṇa-vaśīkr̥tārāti-maṇḍalānām aśvamedhāvabhr̥ttha-snāna-pavitrīkr̥ta-vapuṣāṁ cālukyānāṁ kulam alaṁkariṣṇoḥ satyāśraya-vallabhendrasya bhrātā kubja-viṣṇuvarddhano ’ṣtādaśa varṣāṇi veṁgī-deśam apālayaT. tad-ātmajo jayasiṁhas trayastriṁśataṁ. tad-anujendrarāja-nandano viṣṇuvarddhano nava. tat-sūnur mmaṁgi-yuvarājaḥ paṁcaviṁśatiṁ. tat-putro jayasiṁhas trayodaśa. tad-avarajaḥ kokkiliḥ ṣaṇ māsāN. tasya jyeṣṭho bhrātā viṣṇuvardhanas tam uccāṭya. saptatriṁśataṁ tat-putro vijayāditya-bhaṭṭārako ’ṣṭādaśa. tat-suto viṣṇuvarddhanaṣ ṣaṭtriṁśataṁ. tat-suto vijayāditya-narendra-mr̥garājaś cāṣṭāacatvāriṁśataṁ. tat-sutaḥ kali-viṣṇuvarddhano ’dhyarddha-varṣaṁ. tat-putro guṇagāṁka-vijayādityaś catuścatvāriṁśataṁ. tad-bhrātur vvikramāditya-bhūpates sūnuś cālukya-bhīma-bhūpālas triṁśataṁ. tat-sutaḥ kollabigaṇḍa-vijayādityaṣ ṣaṇ māsāN. tat-sūnur ammarājas sapta varṣāṇi.

tat-sutaṁ vijayādityaṁ bālam uccāṭya līlayā tālādhipatir ākramya māsam ekam apād bhuvaṁ.

taṁ jitvā cālukya-bhīma-tanayo vikramāditya Ekādaśa māsāN. tatas tālādhipa-sūnur yyuddhamallaḥ sapta varṣāni.

nirjjityārjuna-sannibho janapadāt taṁ nirggamayyoddhatāN dāyādān ina-bhānu-līna-bha-gaṇākārān vidhāyetarāN vajrīvorjjita-nākam amma-nr̥pater bhrātā kanīyān bhuvaṁ bhīmo bhīma-parākramas samabhunak saṁvatsarādn dvādaśa. tasya maheśvara-mūrtter umā-samānākr̥teḥ kumārābhaḥ lokamahādevyāḥ khalu yas samabhavad ammarājākhyaḥ. kavi-gāyaka-kalpatarur ddvija-muni-dīnāndha-bandhu-jana-surabhiḥ. yācaka-jana-cintāmaṇir avanīśa-maṇir mmahogra-mahasā dyumaṇiḥ

sa samasta-bhuvanaāśraya-śrī-vijayāditya-mahārājo rājādhirāja-paramaeśvaraḥ parama-bhaṭṭaārakaḥ gudrāvārāa-viṣaya-nivāsino rāṣṭrakūṭa-pramukhān kūuṭuṁbinas sarvvaān ittham ājñāpayati.

Atha tasyāḥ paṭṭavarddhinyāḥ pammavākhyāyāṁḥ sutāya yuvarāja-ballaladeva-velā-bhaṭāya boddiya-nāmnoe pdāṁbaṟṟu nāma grāmasya dakṣinasyān diśi nomi-kṣetraṁ pūrvvataś ca bhariya-kṣetraṁ Ammarājo rājamahendro dattavāN

Asya kṣetra-dvayasyāvadhayaḥ. pūrvvataḥ Indanī-ceṟuvu. dakṣiṇataḥ raṭṭoḍi-cenu. paścimataḥ suggamu-cena-garusu. Uttarataḥ velpu-jenu-turpūna-pannasa. pūrvvataḥ dāmapiya-pannasa. dakṣiṇataḥ pedda-trova. paścimataḥ yeṟu. Uttarataḥ gaṇṭhaśāla-yappanayyari-pannasa. gr̥ha-kṣetraṁ ca. pūrvvataḥ badirāla-majjaya-paṭu. dakṣiṇataḥ tiṇṭhlaṟṟuṭama-paṭu. paścimataḥ jivarakṣa-paṭu. Uttarataḥ racca.

Asyopari na kenacid bādhā karttavyā. yaḥ karoti saṁ paṁca-mahāpātaka-yukto bhavati. tathā coktaṁ vyāsena.

bahubhir vvasudhā dattā bahubhiś cānupaālitā yasya yasya yadā bhūmis tasya tasya tadā pphalaṁ.

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Plates hāritī- hārīti- kauśikī- koauśikī- -rājyānāṁ The engraver may have written ra and part of j, then corrected to rā and re-engraved j further to the right. -varāhāa- -varāha- āvabhr̥ttha- āvabhr̥ta- uccāṭya. uccāṭya cāṣṭāacatvāriṁśataṁ cāṣṭācatvāriṁśataṁ tat- There is an additional headmark and a stub of a stem after ta. Kielhorn notes that another akṣara must have been engraved here, but I am certain that the engraver must have started tpu here, then decided not to try to squeeze it in above the hole and restarted that character further onward. The copper surface is pristine around the extra headmark, without any indication of a lost character. -bhrātur vvikramāditya- -bhrātur vvikramāditya- The superscript r is combined with the i, appearing as a notch in the right-hand side of the vowel marker. Asya Sewell's edition prints a question mark in parentheses after this word. I assume that it refers to his uncertainty in reading the whole of this word. If so, then the correct reading may be yathā. tālādhipa tālādhipati °oddhatāN °oddhatān vidhāyetarāN vidhāyetarān vajrīvorjjita- vajrīvorjjita- saṁvatsarādn saṁvatsarān -bhaṭṭaārakaḥ -bhaṭṭārakaḥ gudrāvārāa- gudrāvārāa- gudrāvāra- Kielhorn notes that the superfluous ā has been struck out, but I see no indication of this in the plate. The vowel of vā may perhaps be a subsequent addition, since it is above the consonant, resembling a superscript repha. This, however, appears to be an optional allograph; compare °rājo rāja° in line 25, with the two kinds of ā marker side by side. kūuṭuṁbinas kuṭuṁbinas sarvvaān sarvvān Atha Asya paṭṭavarddhinyāḥ The subscript dh was first engraved normally, then re-engraved in a flatter shape in order to make room for the vowel marker of mno below. pammavākhyāyāṁḥ pammavākhyāyāḥ nemes-kṣetra-pū Sewell prints a question mark in parentheses after kṣe, but the uncertainty of his reading probably includes the uninterpretable string nemes. His comment on the lacuna is only Several letters undecipherable. My estimate of its length at 8 characters is based on the fact that we have 24 surviving characters in this line, and 32 seems to be a fair guess at the total on the basis of adjacent non-lacunose lines (33 characters in l21; 36 in l22; 29 in l23; 32 in l26). The beginning of this lacuna might be restored as -pūrvvataḥ or a similar phrase, but since the donation seems to involve three separate plots, the name or specification of the first is perhaps more likely here than a more accurate description of its location. pāṁbaṟṟu pdāṁbaṟṟu -nāmnoe -nāmne I am positive that mno was engraved here. The additional hump at the right-hand end of the vowel marker is not accidental and not part of the character above, and inscribing e would not have required an alteration of the character above (see the note to line 22). nomi-kṣetraṁ pūrvvataś ca bhariya- nemes-kṣetra-pū nomi-kṣetraṁ pūtaśapariya- I am far from certain about reading śca, and Kielhorn may be right that there is no subscript consonant here at all. However, I do see some faint lines that may belong to a c, and the damage is certainly extensive enough here to have all but obliterated a subscript graph. My emendation to pūrvvataś ca is likewise very tentative, but fits the context well, and incidentally eliminates Kielhorn's concern noted for kṣetraṁ in the next line, that an expected ca is missing. Indanī -ceṟuvu All of line 26 seems to be a correction written over earlier text that has been erased quite efficiently, so none of the pre-correction text is legible. There may be he beneath vu; pa or pi beneath da; something involving an u beneath ṇa; again something involving an u beneath pa; and possibly yu beneath lpuje near the end of the line. raṭṭoḍi raṭṭedi Kielhorn notes that the reading may be raṭṭeḍi. I agree that raṭṭoḍi was probably intended, with the upper element of the vowel marker attached to the right of the upright stem of ṭ next to the following i marker. That upward stem in turn may be a superscript repha from the pre-correction character inscribed here. suggamu- sugummū sugumma In addition to the deleted and overwritten text, legibility is badly compromised here by a hole and a crack that penetrate the plate. I am fairly confident that a double mm is not present, and certain that mmu is not present. -cena- cenu- -cenai I assume that Kielhorn's emendation makes the word genitive, but believe that a compound is also acceptable. velpu- velpūr- -jenu- -jenui dāmapiya dāmadiya -yappanayyari- -yappanāyyari- -yappavayyari- -pannasa -pannāasa What Kielhorn reads as an ā marker is probably not attached to the n, and is rather a vestige of the pre-correction text or damage. -majjaya- -majjiya- tiṇṭhlaṟṟuṭama- teṇṭama- tiṇṭhūṟṟoṭama- The subscript part of ṟ might be either another ṟ with a probable u, or e (possibly part of o), but it is not possible to read both a double ṟṟ and an o. jivarakṣa-paṭu jiṁvarakṣa-paṭu The character pa involves correction, perhaps from an incompletely written ṭa. saṁ saḥ cānupaālitā Sewell does not emend here. I cannot ascertain whether a is a typo in his edition or a scribal mistake he saw no necessity to correct.

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Plates

Greetings. Satyāśraya Vallabhendra Pulakeśin II was eager to adorn the lineage of the majestic Cālukyas—who are of the Mānavya gotra which is praised by the entire world, who are sons of Hārītī, who attained kingship by the grace of Kauśikī’s boon, who are protected by the band of Mothers, who were deliberately appointed to kingship by Lord Mahāsena, to whom enemy territories instantaneously submit at the mere sight of the superior Boar emblem they have acquired by the grace of the divine Nārāyaṇa, and whose bodies have been hallowed through washing in the purificatory ablutions avabhr̥tha of the Aśvamedha sacrifice. His brother Kubja Viṣṇuvardhana protected pāl- the country of Veṅgī for eighteen years. His son Jayasiṁha I, for thirty-three. His younger brother Indrarāja’s Indra Bhaṭṭāraka’s son Viṣṇuvardhana II, for nine. His son Maṅgi Yuvarāja, for twenty-five. His son Jayasiṁha II, for thirteen. His brother of inferior birth, Kokkili, for six months. After dethroning him, his eldest brother Viṣṇuvardhana III, for thirty-seven. His son Vijayāditya I Bhaṭṭāraka, for eighteen. His son Viṣṇuvardhana IV, for thirty-six. His son Vijayāditya II Narendramr̥garāja, for eight and forty. His son Kali-Viṣṇuvardhana V, for a year and a half. His son Vijayāditya III with the byname Guṇaga, for forty-four. The son of his brother Prince bhūpati Vikramāditya, King bhūpāla Cālukya-Bhīma, for thirty. His son Kollabigaṇḍa Vijayāditya IV, for six months. His son Ammarāja I, for seven years.

After assaulting and effortlessly dethroning his son the child Vijayāditya V, Lord adhipati Tāla protected pā- the earth for one month.

After defeating him, Cālukya-Bhīma’s son Vikramāditya II, for eleven months. Then, Lord adhipati Tāla’s son Yuddhamalla, for seven years.

Having vanquished him and expelled him from the country, having made other haughty rivals dāyāda resemble clusters of stars vanishing in the rays of the sun, the younger brother of King nr̥pati Amma I—Bhīma II of fearsome bhīma prowess, who took after Arjuna—ruled bhuj- the earth for twelve years, as the Thunderbolt-wielder Indra rules the high heaven.

To him Bhīma II, who was like Maheśvara in form, a son named Ammarāja II, who verily resembled Kumāra, was born from none other than his queen Lokamahādevī, who was like Umā in appearance.

He is a wish-granting tree to poets and singers, a cow of plenty surabhi to Brahmins dvija, ascetics muni, the afflicted, the blind and his kinsfolk, a wish-fulfilling jewel to supplicants, a jewel among kings, and the jewel of the sky the sun by his great and fierce glory.

That shelter of the entire universe samasta-bhuvanāśraya, His Majesty King mahārāja Vijayāditya Amma II the Supreme Lord parameśvara of Emperors rājādhirāja and Supreme Sovereign parama-bhaṭṭāraka, commands all householders kuṭumbin—including foremost the territorial overseers rāṣṭrakūṭa—who reside in Gudrāvāra district viṣaya as follows:

Hereby Ammarāja II Rājamahendra has given to a borderland soldier velā-bhaṭaVelā-bhaṭas, perhaps meaning soldiers of the borderland, are also mentioned in the Guṇḍugolanu grant of Amma II. of Prince yuvarāja Ballaladeva, Boddiya by name,Or perhaps Ballaladeva is also called Boddiya, and is a velā-bhaṭa. the son of the lady called Pammavā of the Paṭṭavardhinī family, the Nomi field located to the south of the village named Pāṁbaṟṟu, and the Bhariya field to the east of the village.

The boundaries of these two fields are as follows.For the Telugu, I rely on Sewell’s and Kielhorn’s translations augmented with some items of vocabulary gleaned from related inscriptions. The phrase cenu-garusu seems to be synonymous to pola-garusu. To the east, the Indanī tank ceṟuvu. To the south, the field of the headman raṭṭoḍi. To the west, the verge of the fields of Suggamu. To the north, the eastern pannasa Pannasa is an obscure term that may mean land held in some sort of tenure. See pannasa. of the Velpu field. To the east,Here, probably, begin the boundaries of the second field granted, the domicile plot being in addition to the two cultivable fields. the pannasa of Dāmapiya. To the south, the great road. To the west, the river. To the north, the pannasa of Gaṇṭhaśāla. And the boundaries of the domicile plot are as follows. To the east, the majjaya-paṭu of Badirāla. To the south, . To the west, jivarakṣa-paṭu. To the north, the village assembly ground racca.

Let no-one pose an obstacle to his enjoyment of his rights over it. He who does so shall be conjoined with the five great sins. So too Vyāsa has said:

Many kings have granted land, and many have preserved it as formerly granted. Whosoever at any time owns the land, the fruit reward accrued of granting it belongs to him at that time.

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Plates

Prospérité ! Kubja Viṣṇuvardhana, frère de Satyāśraya Vallabhendra, qui orne la dynastie des Cālukya, illustres, du même gotra que les descendants de Manu, loués dans l’univers entier, fils de Hārīti, ayant reçu leur royaume par l’excellente faveur de Kauśikī, protégés par les Mères réunies, méditant aux pieds du seigneur Mahāsena, eux dont les cercles ennemis ont été soumis en un instant à la vue du signe de l’excellent sanglier, faveur octroyée par le bienheureux Nārāyaṇa, eux dont les corps ont été purifiés grâce aux bains consécutifs au sacrifice du cheval, a protégé la contrée de Veṅgī pendant dix huit années. Son fils Jayasiṁha pendant trente trois ans ; Le fils d’Indrarāja, son frère cadet, Viṣṇuvardhana, pendant neuf ans ; Le fils de celui-ci, Maṁgi, le prince héritier, pendant vingt-cinq ans ; Son fils Jayasiṁha pendant treize ans ; Le frère cadet de ce dernier, Kokkili, pendant six mois ; Son frère aîné Viṣṇuvardhana, après l’avoir chassé, pendant trente-sept ans ; Face IIa. Le fils de celui-ci, Vijayāditya, l’illustre seigneur, pendant dix-huit ans ; Son fils Viṣṇuvardhana pendant trente-six ans ; Son fils, le roi Vijayāditya Narendra Mr̥garāja pendant quarante-huit ans ; Le fils de ce dernier, Kali Viṣṇuvardhana, pendant un an et demi ; Son fils Guṇagāṁka Vijayāditya pendant quarante-quatre ans ; Le fils du roi Vikramāditya, prince héritier, frère de ce dernier2441, le roi Cālukya Bhīma pendant trente ans ; Son fils Kollabhigaṇḍa Vijayāditya pendant six mois ; Le fils de celui-ci, Ammarāja, pendant sept ans ;

Après avoir chassé aisément son fils Vijayāditya, alors qu’il était enfant, l’invincible roi Tāla a obtenu la terre pendant un mois ;

Après avoir vaincu ce dernier, le fils de Cālukya Bhīma, Vikramāditya a protégé la terre pendant onze mois ; Ensuite le fils du roi Tāla, Yuddhamalla pendant sept ans ;

Après avoir vaincu et repoussé au combat ce dernier hors du royaume, pareil à Arjuna, ayant réduit les autres prétendants pleins d’orgueil à l’état de constellations noyées dans les rayons du soleil, comme le détenteur du Vajra sur le firmament puissant, le frère cadet d’Ammarāja, Bhīma, qui a la vaillance de Bhīma, a régné sur la terre pendant douze ans,

de ce dernier, manifestation de Maheśvara,Śiva. Figure de l’arthaśleṣa : le terme Maheśvara a deux référents, le roi et Śiva. Une essence identique est actualisée par deux référents réels. et de Lokamahādevī, dont l’aspect était semblable à celui d’Umā, pareil à Kumāra, naquit le nommé Ammarāja.

Il est pour les poètes et les chantres l’arbre combleur de vœux, pour les brahmanes, les ascètes, les malheureux, les aveugles et les amis il est la vache céleste, pour la foule des solliciteurs la pierre combleuse de désirs, joyau parmi les rois par son grand et puissant éclat, il est le joyau du jour.

Celui-ci, refuge de l’univers entier, l’illustre Vijayāditya, grand roi, roi des rois , premier seigneur, illustre seigneur, ayant convoqué tous les chefs de familles de la circonscription de Gudrāvāra, les rāṣṭrakūṭa en tête, ordonne ceci :

Le roi Amma, grand roi des rois, a donné un terrain au fils de celle qui se nomme Pammavā, elle qui fait prospérer la couronne, à Yuvarāja Ballaladeva Velābhaṭa, qui porte le nom de Boddiya, * * * au sud du village nommé Pāṁbaṟṟu.

Les limites de ces deux terrains sont :Nous reprenons les traductions des mots telugu établies par l’éditeur. à l’est un étang, au sud l’étang de Raṭṭedi, à l’ouest le * * *Le sens du mot garusu nous échappe. du terrain de Sugumma, au nord le pannasa à l’est du terrain de Velpur, à l’est le pannasa de Dāmadiya, au sud Pedda-trova, à l’ouest Yeru, au nord le pannasa de Gaṇṭhaśālaya * * * yyari, La maison et le terrain : à l’est le * * *Le sens des mots « majjaya » et « paṭu » nous échappe. de Badirāla, au sud le * * *Le sens du mot « paṭu » nous échappe. de Teṇ * * * ṭama, à l’ouest le * * *Même remarque que plus haut. de Jiṁvarakṣa , au nord la place du village.

Aucune charge ne doit lui être imposée, celui qui en impose est lié aux cinq grands crimes. Vyāsa a dit ceci :

beaucoup ont donné une terre, beaucoup l’ont protégée celui qui possède une terre en possède le fruit.