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                  <title>Southern wall of the vestibule of the northwestern tower of Po Nagar</title>
                  <editor>Arlo Griffiths</editor>
                  <editor>Amandine Lepoutre</editor>
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   <text xml:space="preserve"><body><div type="edition" xml:lang="san-Latn" rendition="class:83233 maturity:83213">
            <ab>
     <lb n="1-4"/> <gap reason="lost" quantity="4" unit="line"/>
     <lb n="5"/> di śakarāja 935 nī
     <lb n="6"/> niy· kāla rāja yām̃ pov ku vijaiya śrī
     <lb n="7"/> harivarmmadeva putau di nagar· caṁpā ma
     <lb break="no" n="8"/>ṅ· rūlauy· patam̃l· ādipurvva senāpatī
     <lb n="9"/> pam̃r· rauṅ· dauk· jā paliy· manicya
     <lb n="10"/> sanā dauk· di panrāṅ· punaḥ ca
     <lb break="no" n="11"/>patī vuḥ pu pov<unclear>·</unclear> an<unclear>ai</unclear>ḥ           
            </ab>
            </div><div type="apparatus"><listApp><app loc="5"><lem>935</lem><rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01">735.</rdg></app><app loc="5-6"><lem>nī niy·</lem><note>as suggested by the text of C. 125 (edition and traslation in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Schweyer2005_01"/><citedRange unit="page">116</citedRange></bibl>), which is almost entirely identical, the notation <foreign>nī niy·</foreign> is probably a kind of dittography.</note></app><app loc="6"><lem>kāla</lem><rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01">kala</rdg><note>perhaps a typo.</note></app><app loc="6"><lem>pov ku vijaiya</lem><rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01">poṅ ciyei viśajaya</rdg><note>with regards to the shape of the writing <foreign>ai</foreign>, which A.-V. Schweyer did not recognized, see C. 3.1 part A, ll. 2, 5 and -2 and l. 11 of the present inscription.</note></app><app loc="8"><lem>maṅ·</lem><rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01">mad</rdg><note>the use of the synonym <foreign>nariy</foreign> "since" in the parallel inscription C. 125 confirms what is graphically clear, namely that the reading must be <foreign>maṅ</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="8"><lem>patam̃l· ādipurvva</lem><rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01">patāl ādi pūrvva</rdg></app><app loc="9"><lem>pam̃r· rauṅ·</lem><rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01">pārrauṅ</rdg></app><app loc="10"><lem>sanā</lem><rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01"><supplied reason="lost">di nagara</supplied>sanā</rdg><note>in front of <foreign>sanā</foreign>, one can see some marks of letters diligently released. Concerning the word <foreign>sanā</foreign>, we speculate that it corresponds to the Malay word <foreign>sana</foreign> "there" (written <foreign>sāna</foreign> in Old Malay, see: <bibl><ptr target="bib:Vikør1988_01"/><citedRange unit="page">69 and 82</citedRange></bibl>). Given the possible presence of an <foreign>anusvāra-candra</foreign> above <foreign>nā</foreign>, one can also read <foreign>sanām̃</foreign> "glad, pleased" (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Aymonier+Cabaton1906_01"/><citedRange unit="page">474</citedRange></bibl>).</note></app><app loc="10-11"><lem>capatī</lem><rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01"><supplied reason="lost">se</supplied>nāpatī</rdg><note>line 10, we do not see any signs before <foreign>patī</foreign>; the last visible sign line 10, neglected by Schweyer, seems to be a <foreign>ca</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="11"><lem>pov<unclear>· </unclear>an<unclear>ai</unclear>ḥ</lem><rdg source="bib:Schweyer2005_01">pāv <supplied reason="lost">·</supplied> janaḥ</rdg><note><bibl><ptr target="bib:Bergaigne1888_01"/><citedRange unit="page">76</citedRange></bibl> had read at the end of the text <quote>une addition postérieure avec trois chiffres, apparemment encore une date, que je lis 824</quote>. After Bergaigne, researchers considered that there is no addition, and we are of the same opinion.</note></app></listApp></div>
<div type="translation" resp="part:argr">
<p>In <supplied reason="subaudible">the year</supplied> of the Śaka king 935. This was the time when Y.P.K the victorious Śrī Harivarmadeva ruled the country of Campā from Rūlauy to the Far East; where Paṅrauṅ; where Paṅrauṅ <supplied reason="explanation">native</supplied> of Dauk Jā in the area <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paliy</foreign></supplied> of Manicya was general there; where <supplied reason="explanation">the latter</supplied> was at Panrāṅ: where he restored <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>punaḥ</foreign></supplied> the <foreign>capatī</foreign> and gave <supplied reason="explanation">the image of</supplied> his highness the little <supplied reason="subaudible">goddess</supplied>.</p></div>
<div type="translation" xml:lang="fra" source="bib:Griffiths+al2008-2009_01">
<p>En <supplied reason="subaudible">l'année</supplied> 935 du roi des Śaka. Ceci fut le temps où Y.P.K. le victorieux Śrī Harivarmadeva régnait dans le pays du Campā depuis Rūlauy jusqu'à l'extrême-orient; où Paṅrauṅ <supplied reason="explanation">originaire</supplied> de Dauk Jā dans l'agglomération <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paliy</foreign></supplied> de Manicya fut général là-bas; où <supplied reason="explanation">ce dernier</supplied> siégeait à Panrāṅ: où il a restitué <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>punaḥ</foreign></supplied> le <foreign>capatī</foreign> et donné <supplied reason="explanation">l'image de</supplied> son altesse la petite <supplied reason="subaudible">déesse</supplied>
   .</p></div><div type="commentary"><p>Due to paleographical reasons, and others link to the kind of formulary it uses, it seems impossible that the commonly accepted date (735 <foreign>Śaka</foreign>), which correspond to the first quarter of the 9th century AD, is correct (see <bibl><ptr target="bib:Griffiths+al2008-2009_01"/><citedRange unit="page">481-487</citedRange></bibl>).</p><p>Our inpertretation of Dauk Jā as a toponym is based on parallel with the sanskrit inscription C. 31 C2 (engraved not on the hall's south wall <bibl><ptr target="bib:Schweyer2005_01"/><citedRange unit="page">104</citedRange></bibl> but on the interior face of the north doorjamb of Po Nagar temple's main tower in Nha Trang), l. 9: <foreign>daukjāmahāgrāme</foreign>.</p><p>In order to find out which object <foreign>capatī</foreign> designates, one note that C. 125 and C, 37 are parallels, except for the (purpose of) the registred deed. Following <bibl><ptr target="bib:Schweyer2005_01"/><citedRange unit="page">116</citedRange></bibl>, the latter is <foreign>vuḥ kalañ niy</foreign> in C. 125. This reading reminds her an architectural term <foreign>kalan</foreign> (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Parmentier1909_01"/><citedRange unit="page">17</citedRange></bibl>). 
                    Then, she translated <quote>je donne cette tour [<foreign>kalan</foreign>]</quote>, assimilating <foreign>kalan</foreign> with <foreign>kalañ</foreign>. As we read <foreign>vuḥ kalañca niy·</foreign>, there is no reason to believe that <foreign>capatī</foreign> is un architectural element. Hypothetically, one can attempt to correlate (either by changing the reading or by implying a linguistic change in the History of Cham language (where fluctuations of <foreign>t</foreign>/<foreign>k</foreign> at the end of a word are known) between this word and <foreign>capak</foreign>/<foreign>cāpak</foreign> "betel box" in modern Cham (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Aymonier+Cabaton1906_01"/><citedRange unit="page">124</citedRange></bibl>).The donation/restitution of such an object, used for the deity cult, is wellknown in the epigraphy of South and Southeast Asia. Potentially, <foreign>kalañca</foreign> evokes the sanskrit word <foreign>kalaśa</foreign> "ewer", but we will not getting into this identification.</p></div>
<div type="bibliography">
<p>This inscription was edited ... The present edition and translation after <bibl><ptr target="bib:Griffiths+al2008-2009_01"/><citedRange unit="page">462-463</citedRange></bibl>.</p>
<listBibl type="primary">
<bibl n="CIC"><bibl><ptr target="bib:Griffiths+al2008-2009_01"/><citedRange unit="page">445-446</citedRange></bibl></bibl>
</listBibl>
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<bibl/>
</listBibl>
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