Stela of Duol Srae Bhūmi<!-- Ou Tuol Sre Phum sur l'inventaire --> (K. 1050), 854 Śaka EpiDoc Encoding Salomé Pichon intellectual authorship of edition Saveros Pou Gerdi Gerschheimer Salomé Pichon DHARMA Paris DHARMA_INSCIK01050

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Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Salomé Pichon.

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The scribe alternates between single and double-upstrokes ra.

The scribe makes scanty use of numerotation, and alternates between "regular" numbers and daṇḍa in order to count in the inscription.

It is interesting to note that there is no absolute rule for the position of the i on the p: while in lines A 8, 20, 21 and 23 and B 2, the sign of the vowel is placed on the second shaft of the p of pi (see also krapi, l. A 19, and priti, l. A 19), it is placed here on the 1st.

The 1st line of face B is very altered, to the point that one can wonder if the engraving was completed: the outline of the letters is finer than elsewhere, perhaps revealing a first trial of the lapicide, abandoned before he performed the complete engraving. It is possible that the hand is different from that of the rest of the inscription. In both cases, we should continuously read from the line A23 to the line B2.

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994).

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

 Addition of placeName tagging Initial encoding of the inscription
siddhi svasti. Oṁ namaś śivāya

854 śaka. nu mrateñ· vaktraśiva dulau nā vraḥ kaṁmrateṅ· Añ· parameśvara. paṅgaṁ thpvaṅ· nivedana. gi sruk· bhūmyākara nā paṅgvaṁyy· vāp· śiveśvara ta khlāy· day· nuva Upāya nuva . khñuṁma nuva dravya phoṅa· nuva sre ta ti vāp· śiveśvara thbe nuva sre nirmmūla nuva sre mr̥takadhana. svaṁ pi thbe caṁnāṁ ta vraḥ kaṁmrateṅ· Añ· parameśvara cāṁ tandula Eka prastha pratidina. mān· vraḥ śāsana dhūlī vraḥ pāda dhūlī jeṅ· vraḥ kaṁmrateṅ· Añ·. pre pratyaya mok· saṅ· praśasta ta gi sruk· saṅ gol· ta gi sre Oy ta mrateñ· vaktraśiva dulau nā vraḥ kamrateṅ· Añ· parameśvara. nuva Upāya nuva dravya phoṅa pre thbe caṁnāṁ vraḥ kaṁmrateṅ· Añ· parameśvara nu gi. sre janārddana . sre cik su bhega. sre kadamva . sre sru srāl· sre phle sruk. sre kantāl· vala . khñuṁ gho IIII rat· I. tai IIIII kvan· III thmur· 4. krapi IIII. prīti Anuktāgama siddhi. pi pre ta gi kāryya vraḥ kaṁmrateṅ· Añ· parameśvara. neḥ bhūmyākara neḥ vvaṁ jā pi svatantra ta khloñ· vrihi. vvaṁ jā pi svatantra ta khloñ· kandvār· cralo. vvaṁ jā pi svatantra ta pratyaya lṅo au vvaṁ jā pi svatantra ta pratyaya paryaṅ·. vvaṁ jā pi svatantra nā mvāy· dai ti leṅa nā vraḥ kaṁmrateṅa· Añ· parameśvara gus·. vvaṁ Āc ti Ācāryya khloñ· vnaṁ pre qnak· noḥ ta gi kāryya ta dai ti thmā thbe caṁnāṁ noḥh· gus·. Āyatta ta mrateñ· vaktraśiva dulau nuva kula dai yajamāna Ukka. . kalpanā paryaṅ· mās· I lṅo liḥ 5 pratisaṁvatsara.

. syālaś śiveśvaro yo mr̥tas tadīyaṁ parigraham aśeṣaṁ parameśvarapūjārtha n nr̥pājñayāvāpa vaktraśivaḥ .
854 835 parameśvara. paṅgaṁ S. Pou do not note the punctuation mark, evident on all documents, between parameśvara and paṅgaṁ. paṅgvaṁyy· The presence of a pa (clearer on the picture of the stone than on the estampages) after the akṣara nā is certain. In the following ṅgvaṁy·, the element gv and the virāma are almost certain, the others very likely. It seems that the syllable ṅgva is surmounted by an anusvāra (maybe because the lapicide has first written paṅgaṁ ?), but this one should be erased. Furthermore,between the upstroke of the ya and the virāma figures an element which doesn't look erased. Indeed, the remaining of this line's text, until nuva excluded, is evidently re-written over a first engraving, of which we still see some traces. śiveśvara This sequence (thus edited in the NIC II and already noted by Jacques 1971: 186), seems to have been rewritten on a first engraving, which makes it difficult to read: the element ve does not present a "canonical" form of the e ; a sign similar to an l appears below it (see also l. A6). On the ra is a small horizontal bar which is probably a remnant of an early engraving, rather than a virāma. ta khlāy· ta khloñ The whole sequence seems to be rewritten on the first engraving, which makes its interpretation uncertain. However, it seems impossible to see a ñ at the end of the sequence, and the character y, with a virāma, looks quite clear; but it is accompanied by a subscribed element which appears to be gv, and which would have belonged to the first engraving. The khl ligature, quite clean, is flanked to its right by the vertical element of an ā, and surmounted by a loop which does not present the shape of a first element of an o, and which I interpret as a trace of a first engraving. In conclusion, I propose to recognize in the word targeted by the stoning the term khlāy (variant for khlai), "brother-in-law" (?). This conjecture is of course based on the fact that the Sanskrit part (side B, l. 11-14) teaches us that "Siveśvara is, precisely, the syāla of Vaktraśiva (i.e. his brother-in-law, more precisely his wife's brother). day· duñ Very uncertain reading. However, it does not seem that one can read duñ: the mark of the u under what seems to be a d is almost non-existent (especially compared to the highly pronounced u of the many nuva and of dulau, l. A2 and A13) and what had been read ñ in the NIC II is more like a y with virāma. But I don't know what to do with day·. [Note also that the "virāma", if it is indeed one, could belong to the "1st engraving", and that it could then be read daya.] . khñuṁma nuva khñuṁ nuv The presence of the akṣara ma, omitted in the NIC II, is certain. Note also that the interlinear sign similar to an l appearing under the element ve of l. A5 (not noted in the NIC II) is found between the syllables nu and va. ti gi The word is not legible on EFEO estampages n.1398 (the one used by S. Pou) and n. **** [Dam Chhoeurn] (only the right part of the grapheme remains). thbe thve mr̥takadhana. mr̥taka man thbe thve prastha praṣtha Añ·. Añ pratyaya pratya kamrateṅ kaṁmrateṅ parameśvara. parameśvara thbe thve The writting of this b is different from that of the thbe of l. A7 and l. A8. janārddana janārdana janāṅ dāna The NIC II interpreted the mark of the above r as an extension of the vowel (ā), and the first d as a ṅ. In fact, only the syllable read here ja is of dubious interpretation. cik su bhega cikṣubhe cikṣu Perhaps it is necessary to read - or correct with - o the vowel read here e: cf. the o of cralo, in l. A23. sre sru srāl· G. Gerschheimer notices this addition below the l. A17. However what he interprets to be a final daṇḍa potentially crossed, appears to be a mark destined to indicate where in the line to add this ricefield. kantāl· vasala kandāl vas kantāl sras sre It seems there is a confusion in NIC II with the words of the interlinear addition. rat· I. rat· I Anuktāgama Anuttarāgama vrihi vrīhi cralo The writting of the o is distinct from that of the o of, for example, khloñ as from that of the o of gho (l. 18), and approximates that of an au. lṅo au vvaṁ jā pi svatantra thbe thve va kula dai lṅo lṅau

Succès, bonheur ! Oṁ, hommage à Śiva !

En 854 śaka, Mrateñ Vaktraśiva Dulau, chargé du service de V.K.A. Parameśvara, se prosterne pour informer le roi des terres et de leurs ressources à -----, achetées de Vāp Śiveśvara, Khloñ ; des divers moyens de subsistance, serviteurs et autres biens ; des rizières que Vāp Śiveśvara avait cultivées ; des rizières sans propriétaires et des rizières d'héritage qu'il demande humblement à cultiver dorénavant. Fournitures au dieu Parameśvara : 1 prastha de riz par jour.

Sa Majesté notre seigneur daigna donner l'ordre de commander à un homme de confiance de venir ériger une inscription en ce village, de planter des bornes à l'endroit des rizières à octroyer à Mrateñ Vaktraśiva Dulau chargé de V.K.A. Parameśvara, en mentionnant les moyens de subsistance et autres biens, et en prescrivant des prestations à fournir à V.K.A. Parameśvara.

Voici les rizières : Janāṅ Dāna, Cikṣu, ------, Kadamva, Phle Sruk, Kantāl Sras, et ------ ; et les serviteurs : 4 gho, 1 rat, 5 tai avec 3 enfants ; enfin 4 bœufs, 4 buffles. Bienvenue et succès aux excellents visiteurs ! D'après l'ordre du roi, que tout cela soit désormais utilisé pour le service de V.K.A. Parameśvara. Les ressources de ces terres ne dépendront point du responsable du riz, ni du responsable des bureaux de perception, ni -------

Except from when I indicate it, most of the note in the apparatus where made by G. Gerschheimer.

First edited in French by Saveros Pou (99-101). Re-edited here, first by Gerdi Gerschheimer, then by Salomé Pichon based on EFEO estampage n. 1396, n. **** [Dam Chhoeurn] and two photographs of the stone sent by Bertrand Porte.

99-101 183