<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_Schema.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>
<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_Schema.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>
<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_SQF.sch" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>
<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>
<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="eng">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Kabhagavanan</title>
<respStmt>
<resp>EpiDoc encoding</resp>
<persName ref="part:masc">
<forename>Marine</forename>
<surname>Schoettel</surname>
</persName>
<persName ref="part:argr">
<forename>Arlo</forename>
<surname>Griffiths</surname>
</persName>
</respStmt>
<respStmt>
<resp>intellectual authorship of edition</resp>
<persName ref="part:masc">
<forename>Marine</forename>
<surname>Schoettel</surname>
</persName>
<persName ref="part:argr">
<forename>Arlo</forename>
<surname>Griffiths</surname>
</persName>
</respStmt>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<authority>DHARMA</authority>
<pubPlace>Paris</pubPlace>
<idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSIDENKKabhagavanan</idno>
<availability>
<licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
<p>This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send
a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA.</p>
<p>Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Marine Schoettel & Arlo Griffiths</p>
</licence>
</availability>
<date from="2019" to="2025">2019-2025</date>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><!-- only the handDesc can be filled in at this stage -->
<msDesc><!-- //// NB: the msIdentifier had to be added for validation purposes ///. It will be edited later with the metadata spreadsheet -->
<msIdentifier>
<repository>DHARMAbase</repository>
<idno/>
<!-- don't modify this -->
</msIdentifier>
<msContents><!-- describe the intellectual content of an inscription -->
<summary><!-- //// NOT MANDATORY ////--></summary>
<!-- offers the possibility to give a summary of the inscription's content -->
</msContents>
<physDesc>
<handDesc>
<p><!-- The script name(s) will be inserted here at a later stage from the metadata spreasheet. At this stage, you can mention here in a free-text paragraph any characteristics of the writing observed more than once in this inscription that seem unusual/uncommon or otherwise noteworthy given the general characteristics of the script in question. See EG 11.2. --></p>
<!-- If you need to identify individual hands (EG §7.5/) in addition to one or more paragraphs of general palaeographic description, wrap <summary> around the <p> or <p>s above, and, outside <summary>, create <handNote> elements for each hand as follows:
<summary><p><p/></summary>
<handNote xml:id="Pallava00001_hand1"></handNote>
<handNote xml:id="Pallava00001_hand2"></handNote>
-->
</handDesc>
</physDesc>
</msDesc>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc>
<projectDesc>
<p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC)
under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant
agreement no 809994).</p>
</projectDesc>
<schemaRef type="guide" key="EGDv01" url="https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02888186"/>
<listPrefixDef>
<prefixDef ident="bib" matchPattern="([a-zA-Z0-9\-\_]+)" replacementPattern="https://www.zotero.org/groups/1633743/erc-dharma/items/tag/$1">
<p>Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named
ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.</p>
</prefixDef>
<prefixDef ident="part" matchPattern="([a-z]+)" replacementPattern="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml#$1">
<p>Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the
<ref>DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml</ref> file.</p>
</prefixDef>
</listPrefixDef>
</encodingDesc>
<revisionDesc>
<change who="part:axja" when="2020-11-03" status="draft">Updating toward the encoding template v03</change>
<change who="part:masc" when="2020-08-31" status="draft">modifications in edition and translation</change>
<change who="part:masc" when="2020-08-30" status="draft">encoding translation</change>
<change who="part:masc" when="2020-03-27" status="draft">adapting line numbering system and app loc to new EG recommandations</change>
<change who="part:axja" when="2020-03-27" status="draft">adding the handDesc template</change>
<change who="part:masc" when="2020-02-21" status="draft"/>
</revisionDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text xml:space="preserve">
<body>
<div type="edition" xml:lang="kaw-Latn">
<p>
<pb n="1r"/>
<lb n="1r1"/>// I śaka <num value="1261">1261</num>, <sic>māgha</sic>māsa, tithi navam<unclear>ī</unclear>
kr̥ṣṇapakṣa, ma, U, A, vāra, vuye
</p>
<p>Irikā divaśa rakryan· juru<lb n="1r2"/>pu<unclear>s</unclear>padanta,
m<unclear>uk</unclear>utā<unclear>dh</unclear>arṣaṇāmnaṅ aṁvyavahāra, makalaga mpu sāvitra tlas· pingat de saṁ
mantrī tumapəl samudāya<lb n="1r3"/>mvaṁ saṁṅ upapati, makaprasthāva <unclear>ga</unclear>ti mpu
sāvitra<unclear>,</unclear> sāhasāṅdalih i rakryan· juru puspadanta malap· lmaḥ kabha<lb n="1r4" break="no"/>gavānan· sapuluḥ liriḥ, maṅkana pakṣa mpu sāvitra, kunaṁ pakṣa rakryan· juru puspadanta lmaḥ saṅke k<unclear>u</unclear>li<g type="filler">§</g><lb n="1r5" break="no"/>t kaki Ikaṁ bhinuktinya sapuluḥ liriḥ,
maṅkanāṁvivāda ya tika pinametakən pramāṇa,
</p>
<p>Inunda<unclear>ṁ</unclear>
ta<unclear>ṁ</unclear> <unclear>sa</unclear>siriṅan· sa<lb n="1r6" break="no"/>taṅgəḥnyaṁ kāliḥ makādi I sumbul·, li<supplied reason="lost">ṁ</supplied>nyan tinañan·, siṅgiḥ pukulun· juru puspadanta madr̥vya Ikaṁ savaḥ-sa<pb n="1v" break="no"/>
<lb n="1v1" break="no"/>vaḥ sapuluḥ liriḥ I sagiri, yapvan ikaṁ savaḥ kabhagavanan· sapuluḥ
liriḥ muvaḥ, maṅkanājarnya makabehan·, vva<lb n="1v2" break="no"/>ntən· ta pukulun· paṅhulu bañunya rvaṁ kupaṁ sovaṁ, kataṅgapan denikaṁ rāma sumbul·, vyaktyanyan bheda, muva<g type="filler">§</g>
<lb n="1v3" break="no"/>h ajariṁkaṁ juru mantən· maṅaran gambyok·, Aki gaṇḍi <choice><orig>yo</orig><reg>yva</reg></choice> pukulun· vka bhagavān· riṁ kr̥ta, muktyakən ikaṁ sa
<lb n="1v4" break="no"/>puluḥ liriḥ juga, An<supplied reason="omitted">an</supplied>tara saṅkerika, mpu kili nuda, vkasan saṁ mapañji śūrajaya muktyakən kabhagavānan katkeṁ
<lb n="1v5"/>maṅke, kevalātutur ikaṁ sa<add place="below">pu</add>luḥ liriḥ juga, pisaniṅu vyāparāṅipikipika Ikaṁ savaḥ kapara thani An· nāṁ
<lb n="1v6"/>sapuluḥ liriḥ, maṅkana varaḥ kihadyan· gambyok·,
</p>
<p>yatika pinramāṇakan saṁ mantrī samudāya, mataṁ<pb n="2r" break="no"/><lb n="2r1" break="no"/>nyan· balavān· rakryan· juru puspadanta<unclear>,</unclear> sor mpu sāvitra, pratyeka saṅ amgat·, rakryan· raṅga A<unclear>k</unclear>i taṅga, muvah aki
<lb n="2r2"/><unclear>ka</unclear>pe, rakryan· kanuruhan· Aki jo<unclear cert="low">ṁ</unclear>, muvaḥ mahiṣāṅivuṁ, rakryan· tuməṅguṁ Aki makara, muvah aki raṅgāsəm-asəm·
<lb n="2r3"/>, rakryan· dmuṁ Aki R̥ma, muvah aki goleṁ, rakryan apatiḥ ravi, muvaḥ rake mali, saṁ prāṇapati, makādhipati
<lb n="2r4"/>saṅ āryya śūrasiṅha, muvaḥ sa<unclear>ṁ</unclear> bhujaṅga mantrī, saṁ mapañjy antaraga, saṁ mapañji <choice><orig>cāya</orig><reg>chāya</reg></choice>guṇa, saṁ pamg<unclear>ə</unclear>t saliṅs<unclear>i</unclear>ṅan·, makā
<lb n="2r5" break="no"/>di saṁ mapañji surapati, muvaḥ saṁ pamgət i kaṇḍamuhi, samgət· pamvatan·, samaṅkana kveḥ saṅ amgat· ,,,</p>
<p>
<pb n="2v"/><lb n="2v1"/>// Iṁ śāka, <num value="1261">1261</num>, māgha māsa tithi navamī kr̥ṣa
</p>
</div>
<div type="apparatus">
<listApp>
<app loc="1r2">
<lem>pu<unclear>s</unclear>padanta</lem>
<note>It would also be possible to read <hi rend="italic">puṣpadanta</hi>. However, other instances of that name in this epigraph are consistently spelled with a dental s.</note>
</app>
<app loc="1r2">
<lem>m<unclear>uk</unclear>utā-</lem>
<note>Understand <foreign>mukuṭā</foreign>-?</note>
</app>
<app loc="1v1">
<lem>vvantən</lem>
<note>A second akṣara <foreign>na</foreign> is written above the ligature <foreign>nta</foreign>. The engraver would
probably have realised that he was beginning to write too high, and
stopped after the first akṣara, then rewrote <foreign>nta</foreign> at the proper place.</note>
</app>
<app loc="1v4">
<lem>An<supplied reason="omitted">an</supplied>tara</lem>
<note>Cf. <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKMula-Malurung.xml">Mūla-Maluruṅ</ref> 3r7, <foreign>Anantara saṅke līnanira pamanira pva</foreign>, <q>Immediately after the passing away of his uncle (...)</q>, and Gaṇapatitattva, OJ prose under stanza 44.</note>
</app>
</listApp>
</div>
<div type="translation" resp="part:masc part:argr">
<!--translation encoded as per EG §9.2 -->
<p n="1r1">In Śaka 1261, month of Māgha, ninth <foreign>tithi</foreign> of the waning fortnight, Mavulu, Umanis, Tuesday, <supplied reason="subaudible">the vuku of</supplied> Vuyai:</p>
<p n="1r1-1r5">that was the time that <foreign>rakryan</foreign> chief Puṣpadanta, won the lawsuit against Mpu Sāvitra by refutation <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mukutādharṣaṇa</foreign></supplied>. <supplied reason="subaudible">It</supplied> had been tried by all the ministers of Tumapəl, with the interpreters <supplied reason="subaudible">of dharma</supplied> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>upapatti</foreign></supplied>.
Its occasion <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>makaprasthāva</foreign></supplied> was the action of Mpu Sāvitra, rashly accusing <foreign>rakryan</foreign> chief Puṣpadanta of having seized the land of Kabhagavanan <supplied reason="explanation">or “the place of the hermits”</supplied>, worth ten <foreign>lirih</foreign>. Such was the case of Mpu Sāvitra.
As for the case of the <foreign>rakryan</foreign> chief Puṣpadanta, <supplied reason="subaudible">it was that</supplied> the land, worth ten <foreign>lirih</foreign>, is his usufruct from his paternal lineage <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kulit kaki</foreign></supplied>. This they argued, those who were solicited for evidence <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pramāṇa</foreign></supplied>.</p>
<p n="1r5-1v6">Those <q>who have borders</q> were invited to come as per the recommendation of the two <supplied reason="subaudible">litigating parties</supplied>, beginning with Sumbul. Their words when they were asked: “In truth, by your leave, chief Puṣpadanta owns these irrigated rice-fields worth ten <foreign>lirih</foreign> at Sagiri. As for <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>yapvan</foreign></supplied> the rice-fields of Kabhagavanan, <supplied reason="subaudible">they</supplied> are also worth ten <foreign>lirih</foreign>. Such, they testified, was the whole of his <supplied reason="subaudible">land</supplied>. <supplied reason="subaudible">And they went on:</supplied> There is, my lord, a retribution on irrigation water <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paṅhulu bañu</foreign></supplied> on them, two <foreign>kupaṅ</foreign> for each <supplied reason="subaudible">group of rice-fields</supplied>, to be received by the headman <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>rāma</foreign></supplied> of Sumbul; which should prove that they are different. And the testimony of the chief of <foreign>mantən</foreign>, named Gambyok: “Aki Gaṇḍi, my lord, was the child of the reverend of Kr̥ta. It was he <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>juga</foreign></supplied> who had the usufruct of these ten <foreign>lirih</foreign>. Immediately after him, <supplied reason="subaudible">it was</supplied> the nun Nuda. Finally the one with the byname Śūrajaya had the usufruct of the <supplied reason="subaudible">land of</supplied> Kabhagavanan until now, exclusively focused on the ten <foreign>lirih</foreign>. It is impossible that worldly activities / business turn up at the rice-field directed at farming, such as the ten <foreign>lirih</foreign>.” Such was the testimony of Master Gambyok.</p>
<p n="1v6-2r5">This was used as evidence by all the assembled ministers. Because of that <foreign>rakryan</foreign> chief Puṣpadanta won and Mpu Sāvitra lost. The judges <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>aməgat</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">listed</supplied> one by one: the <foreign>rakryan</foreign> Raṅga, Aki Taṅga and Aki Kape; the <foreign>rakryan</foreign> Kanuruhan, Aki Joṅ and <q>Raging Buffalo</q> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>Mahiṣa aṅivuṅ</foreign></supplied>; the <foreign>rakryan</foreign> Tuməṅguṅ, Aki Makara and Aki Raṅga Asəm-asəm; the <foreign>rakryan</foreign> Dəmuṅ, Aki Rəma and Aki Goleṅ; the <foreign>rakryan apatih</foreign> Ravi, and the raka of Mali; the <foreign>prāṇapati</foreign>s, who have as overlord the noble Śūrasiṅha; and the brahmin ministers <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>bhujaṅga mantri</foreign></supplied>: he with the byname Antaraga; he with the byname Chāyaguṇa; the officiant of Saliṅsiṅan; with in the first place the one with the byname Surapati; and also the officiant of Kaṇḍamuhi; the officiant of Pamvatan. Thus was the <supplied reason="subaudible">total</supplied> number of judges <supplied reason="subaudible">present</supplied>.</p>
<p n="2v1">In Śaka 1261, month of Māgha, ninth <foreign>tithi</foreign> of the dark <supplied reason="subaudible">fortnight</supplied>.</p>
</div>
<div type="commentary">
<!--commentary encoded as per section §9.3 -->
<p>This document is a jayapattra, or jayasong, literaly a "document of victory", issued in consequence of a civil lawsuit. For other jayapattras, see van Naerssen 45, and Pigeaud, JFC, vol. IV, 391.</p>
</div>
<div type="bibliography">
<!--bibliography encoded as per section §9.4 -->
<p>Unpublished inscription first read by Arlo Griffiths in 2009 by direct inspection of the plates at Rotterdam, and re-edited by Marine
Schoettel and Arlo Griffiths in February-March 2020 from photographs made available
by the Wereldmuseum (49509 and 49507).</p>
<listBibl type="secondary">
<bibl/>
</listBibl>
</div>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>