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<title>Kebantenan 2</title>
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<resp>EpiDoc encoding</resp>
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<name>Aditia Gunawan</name>
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<resp>intellectual authorship of edition</resp>
<persName ref="part:adgu">
<name>Aditia Gunawan</name>
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<persName ref="part:argr">
<forename>Arlo</forename>
<surname>Griffiths</surname>
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<authority>DHARMA</authority>
<pubPlace>Paris</pubPlace>
<idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSIDENKKebantenan_2</idno>
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<licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
<p>This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA.</p>
<p>Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Aditia Gunawan & Arlo Griffiths.</p>
<!-- Replace year and name, use format "Forename1 Surname1 & Forename2 Surname2" or "Forename1 Surname1, Forename2 Surname2 & Forename3 Surname3" if necessary — the copyright is that of the encoder(s) -->
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<date from="2019" to="2025">2019-2025</date>
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<repository>DHARMAbase</repository>
<idno/>
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<p>See the description on <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKKebantenan_1.xml">Kebantenan 1</ref></p>
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<p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC)
under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant
agreement no 809994).</p>
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<change who="part:adgu" when="2021-04-10" status="draft">Updating edition, commentary and translation</change>
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<change who="part:axja" when="2020-03-27" status="draft">adding the handDesc template</change>
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<pb n="1r"/>
<p>
<lb n="1r1"/> // <g type="symbol" subtype="tennis-ball"/> // pun· Ini pitəkət· śri b<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>ḍuga maharaja ratu haji
<lb n="1r2"/>ḍi pakvan·, śri saṁ ratu ḍevata, nu ḍipitəkətan· ma na lə<lb n="1r3" break="no"/>maḥ ḍevasasana, ḍi su<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied>ḍasəmbava, mulaḥ vaya nu ṅubaḥ ya,<lb n="1r4"/>mulaḥ vaya nu ṅahəryanan ya,<space type="binding-hole"/> tebeḥ timur haṁgat· ciraAb·<lb n="1r5" break="no"/>, ka saṁ hyaṁ salila, ti barat· haṁgat· ru<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied>səb·, ka mu<supplied reason="omitted">ñ</supplied>jul· ka ci<lb n="1r6" break="no"/>bakekeṁ, ciho<supplied reason="omitted">ñ</supplied>je, ka mu<unclear>ha</unclear>ra cimu<supplied reason="omitted">ñ</supplied>caṁ pun·, ti kiḍul·
<pb n="1v"/>
<lb n="1v1"/>haṁgat· L̥vəṁ comon·, mulaḥ mo mihape ya, kena
<lb n="1v2" break="no"/>na ḍevasasana saṁgar kami ratu, saparaḥ jalan· gəḍe,
<lb n="1v3"/>kagiraṁkən·, L̥maḥ laraṅa<space type="binding-hole"/>n· pigəsanən·na para viku
<lb n="1v4"/>pun·, Ulaḥ ḍek· vaya nu kəḍə ḍi bənaṁṅiṁ ṅagurat· ke<lb n="1v5" break="no"/>naIṁ heman·, ḍi viku pun·
</p>
</div>
<div type="apparatus">
<listApp>
<app loc="1r1">
<lem source="bib:Pleyte1911_01">śri</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Boechari1985-1986_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">sri</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1r1">
<lem>b<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>ḍuga</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Pleyte1911_01 bib:Boechari1985-1986_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">baduga</rdg>
<note>Looking at the element <foreign>baduga</foreign> in <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKBatutulis.xml">Batutulis</ref>, it is clear that <foreign>buduga</foreign> here must be an error, which all previous editors have either failed to notice or silently corrected. OS manuscripts always have <foreign>baduga</foreign> (cf. CP.30a, AG.1v). This word is probably a Sundanese development of Skt. <foreign>pāduka</foreign>.</note>
</app>
<app loc="1r2">
<lem source="bib:Pleyte1911_01">śri</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Boechari1985-1986_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">sri</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1r2">
<lem>ma na</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Pleyte1911_01 bib:Boechari1985-1986_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">mana</rdg>
<note>All predecessors read as one word, mana, on which <ptr target="bib:Boechari1985-1986_01"/> and <ptr target="bib:HasanDjafar1991_01"/> note <quote>Maksudnya: nana</quote>.</note>
</app>
<app loc="1r2">
<lem>lə<lb n="1r3" break="no"/>maḥ</lem>
<note>The word is spelt here with consonant <foreign>l</foreign> plus <foreign>pamepet</foreign>, rather than with aksara vowel as in 1v3 <foreign>L̥maḥ</foreign>.</note>
</app>
<app loc="1r3">
<lem source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Pleyte1911_01">ḍi</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Boechari1985-1986_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01"><gap reason="omitted"/></rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1r3">
<lem source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Pleyte1911_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">vaya</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Boechari1985-1986_01">Aya</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1r3">
<lem source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Pleyte1911_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">ṅubaḥ ya</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Boechari1985-1986_01">ṅupah ya</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1r4">
<lem source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Pleyte1911_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">vaya</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Boechari1985-1986_01">Aya</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1r4">
<lem>ṅahəryanan ya</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Pleyte1911_01 bib:Boechari1985-1986_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">ṅahəryanan</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1r4">
<lem source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Pleyte1911_01">tebeḥ</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Boechari1985-1986_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">te beḥ</rdg>
<note><ptr target="bib:Boechari1985-1986_01"/> and <ptr target="bib:HasanDjafar1991_01"/> note: <quote>te [baca: ti] beḥ</quote>, but the word <foreign>tebeh</foreign> is commonly used in OS texts. Cf. Bujaṅga Manik 662, 1082, 1160.</note>
</app>
<app loc="1r4">
<lem>ciraAb</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Pleyte1911_01 bib:Boechari1985-1986_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">ciraUb</rdg>
<note>The third basic aksara is <foreign>A</foreign>. It seems that a small stroke below its right element is interpreted as <foreign>panyuku</foreign> by all predecessors, which would mean <foreign>qu</foreign> in our system. But we are inclined to read only <foreign>A</foreign>, since the <foreign>aksara U</foreign> has its own shape in this plate (see <foreign>Ulaḥ</foreign> in 1v4).</note>
</app>
<app loc="1r6">
<lem>mu<unclear>ha</unclear>ra</lem>
<note>The <foreign>aksara h</foreign> in this word is badly executed. The engraver seems to have first written <foreign>ra</foreign> and then tried to correct his mistake by changing it into <foreign>ha</foreign>.</note>
</app>
<app loc="1v1">
<lem>L̥vəṁ</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Pleyte1911_01 bib:Boechari1985-1986_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">lə:və:ṁ</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1v1">
<lem source="bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">mo mihape ya</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Pleyte1911_01">mo mihapeya<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied></rdg>
<rdg source="bib:Boechari1985-1986_01">mo himapeya<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied></rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1v3">
<lem>kagiraṁkən</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Pleyte1911_01 bib:Boechari1985-1986_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">kagiraṁkə:n</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1v3">
<lem>laraṁṅan</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Pleyte1911_01 bib:Boechari1985-1986_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">laraṅan</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1v3">
<lem>pigəsanən·na</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Pleyte1911_01 bib:Boechari1985-1986_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">pigə:sanə:nna</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1v4">
<lem source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Pleyte1911_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">vaya</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Boechari1985-1986_01">Aya</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1v4">
<lem>kəḍə</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Pleyte1911_01">kədə:</rdg>
<rdg source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Boechari1985-1986_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">kə:də:</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1v4">
<lem>bənaṁṅiṁ</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Holle1867_02 bib:Boechari1985-1986_01">bə:naṅiṁ</rdg>
<rdg source="bib:Pleyte1911_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">bə:naṁṅiṁ</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1v5">
<lem>kenaIṁ</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Holle1867_02">kenana Iṁ</rdg>
<rdg source="bib:Pleyte1911_01">kenana Aiṁ</rdg>
<rdg source="bib:Boechari1985-1986_01 bib:HasanDjafar1991_01">kena AIṁ</rdg>
</app>
</listApp>
</div>
<div type="translation" resp="part:adgu part:argr">
<p>This is a decree of Sri Baduga Maharaja, the king of kings of Pakuan, Sri Sang Ratu Déwata. That which is made the object of decree is the land of divine ordinance, <supplied reason="subaudible">namely</supplied> Sundasembava. May no one change it, may no one burden it. On the east side, the limit is the Ciraab to the Water deity <supplied reason="explanation">saṅ hyaṅ Salila — i.e., the Sea?</supplied>; on the west the limit is the jungle <supplied reason="explanation">ruṅsəb</supplied> to Munjul, to Cibakékéng, Cihonjé, until the Cimuncang estuary. From the south, the limit is the haunted forest <supplied reason="explanation">ləvəṅ comon</supplied>. Do not fail to take care of it! Because <supplied reason="subaudible">the land</supplied> of the divine ordinance is the shrine of me, the king. Along the highway to its upstream, <supplied reason="subaudible">it is</supplied> the forbidden land that will serve as place of the hermits. May no one be aggressive to my work of restricting, because I have affection for the hermits.
</p>
</div>
<div type="commentary">
<p n="1r1"><foreign>pitəkət</foreign> ◇ In OS, this word is often mentioned side by side with the word <foreign>talatah</foreign> <q>message</q>, as in <title>Svavar Cinta</title> fol.8r: <foreign>kena iña taṅtu saṅ sida karuhun, talatah saṅ sida sukma, pitəkət saṅ sida ləñəp</foreign> <q>for that is the rule of the deceased ancestor, the message of the deceased soul, the exhortation of the deceased who has vanished</q>. In OJ, <foreign>pitəkət</foreign> means <q>(the drawing of so.’s attention) exhortation, advice, warning</q> (OJED, s.v. <foreign>nĕkĕt</foreign>), or in other words, <q>a decree</q>. Cf. MdJ <foreign>piagəm</foreign>, and <foreign>nihan sakakala</foreign> in the opening of <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKKebantenan_1.xml">Keba1</ref>, with our comment on sakakala in <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKBatutulis.xml">BaTu.1</ref>.</p>
<p n="1r3"><foreign>su⟨n⟩ḍasəmbava</foreign> ◇ See our comment under <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKKebantenan_1.xml">Keba1</ref>.</p>
<p n="1r4"><foreign>haṁgat</foreign> ◇ The word is no longer known in MdS, but in all OS contexts, it means <q>border, limit</q>. Among many occurrences in <title>Fragmen Carita Parahyaṅan</title>, we cite as example FCP.3b: <foreign>alasna dənuh ti barat haṅgat cipaheṅan ti hulu cisogoṅ alasna puntaṅ ti timur hulu cipalu ti kaler haṅgat hulu cilamaya</foreign> <q>the domain of Denuh: in the west the limit is Cipahéngan from the upper Cisogong. The domain of Puntang: in the east [the limit] is the upper Cipalu, in the north the limit is the upper Cilamaya</q>. The word must be related with the group of Malay words <foreign>enggat, senggat, tenggat</foreign>, that express similar meanings (Wilkinson 1959: s.v.).</p>
<p n="1r4"><foreign>ciraAb</foreign> ◇ This river name is derived from the word <foreign>raab</foreign>, which is presumably related to MdS <foreign>rahab</foreign> <q>provide so. with necessities</q>. Several toponyms Ciraab or Cirahab still exist in several areas, both in West Java and the western part of Central Java.</p>
<p n="1r5"><foreign>ru‹ṁ›səb</foreign> ◇ <ptr target="bib:HasanDjafar1991_01"/> leaves this word without translation, considering it as a toponym. But it can be equated with <foreign>rungseb</foreign> in MdS. <q>bony, prickly, thorny; fig.: stinging, caustic, snide (of a remark etc.)</q>. In the context, a common noun meaning <q>jungle</q> seems fitting.</p>
<p n="1v1"><foreign>ləvəṁ conom</foreign> ◇ This seems to mean <q>haunted forest</q>. Cf. MdS <foreign>leuweung onom</foreign>, which has this meaning. We suppose that the word comon has become womon at some stage, because of the interchangeability of /w/ and /c/ observed in the history of Sundanese (<foreign>caringin</foreign> = <foreign>waringin</foreign>, <foreign>cai</foreign> = <foreign>wai</foreign>, see our comments on <foreign>calagara</foreign> in <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKKebantenan_1.xml">Keba1</ref>), before finally becoming omon in MdS. The word <foreign>ruṅsəb</foreign> <q>jungle</q> in 1r5 will then be a quasi synonym. </p>
<p n="1v2"><foreign>saṁgar</foreign> ◇ Cf. <title>Siksa Kandaṅ Karəsian</title> 18: <foreign>hayaṅ ñaho di puja di saṅgar ma: patah puja daun, gəlar palajaṅ, puja kəmbaṅ, ña‹m›piṅan liṅga, ṅomean saṅ hyaṅ, siṅ savatək muja ma ja‹ṅ›gan taña</foreign> <q>If one wishes to know about the offerings in the saṅgar: the arrangement of a leaf offering, palajaṅ offering, flower offering, putting a cloth on liṅga, maintaining the deity, all kinds of offerings, ask the jaṅgan</q>. Cf. also <title>Svavar Cinta</title> 1125 quoted in our comment under <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKBatutulis.xml">BaTu.7</ref>. These passages suggest that <foreign>saṅgar</foreign> means <q>shrine</q>, as in OJ. MdS has the particular meaning <q>offering place (of wood or bamboo on high stilts, also of a basket fixed on a bamboo pole, built before harvest on the rice field, consisting of the <foreign>puncak manik</foreign> with various spices and toilet-articles for Nyi Sri); <foreign>nyanggar</foreign> place offerings on the sanggar</q>.</p>
<p n="1v4"><foreign>kəḍə</foreign> ◇ Cf. <title>Carita Parahyaṅan</title> 12a:<foreign> təhər bava ku kita kədə-kədə</foreign>! <q>Then you should take [it] by force!</q>; <title>Amanat Galuṅguṅ</title> 1r: <foreign>mulah pabvaṅ pasalahan paksa, mulah pakədə-kədə, asiṅ ra‹m›pes, cara purih, turutan, mulah kədə di tinəṅ di maneh, isəs-isəskən carekna pa‹n›tikrama</foreign>, ‘<q>Do not reject (some one) who has the wrong ideas, do not be aggressive toward each other. Whoever is decent, as one is supposed to be, follow [him]! Do not be obstinate with your own ideas. Pay attention to the words of propriety (<foreign>pantikrama</foreign>)</q>’. Cf. OJ <foreign>kədə̄ </foreign> <q>feeling the urge to, feeling impelled to, set on; (wanting, seeking to obtain, etc) at all costs (by any means); keeping on, cannot but ..., unremittingly, insistently, obstinately, unavoidably</q> (OJED, s.v. <foreign>kĕdö</foreign>). It seems that the OJ/OS word survives into MdS keudeuh as a synonym s.v. <foreign>keukeuh</foreign> <q>obstinate, stubborn, tenacious, unyielding; <foreign>kumeukeuh</foreign> s.m.; <foreign>keukeuh</foreign> <foreign>peuteukeuh</foreign>/<foreign>kedeuh</foreign>/<foreign>keudeuh</foreign> s.m. (emph.); <foreign>ngeukeuhan</foreign> hold on to st., stay with st., stubbornly ask about st.; <foreign>pakeukeuh-keukeuh</foreign> both sides stubbornly stand firm (maintain their stand).</q> Cf. also MdS & MdJ <foreign>kudu</foreign> <q>must, have to, need to, should, ought to</q>.</p>
<p n="1v4-5"><foreign>kenaIṁ</foreign> ◇ For an explanation of the pronominal suffix -iṅ (corresponding to pronoun aiṅ), see <bibl><ptr target="bib:Noorduyn+Teeuw2006_01"/><citedRange unit="page">48</citedRange></bibl>.</p>
</div>
<div type="bibliography">
<p>The inscription was read first by Holle (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Holle1867_02"/><citedRange unit="page">562</citedRange><citedRange unit="plate">1</citedRange></bibl>) and then by Pleyte (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Pleyte1911_01"/><citedRange unit="page">169</citedRange></bibl>). Boechari (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Boechari1985-1986_01"/><citedRange unit="page">104-105</citedRange></bibl>) provided a new reading although without any translation. The most recent reading is the one by Hasan Djafar (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:HasanDjafar1991_01"/><citedRange unit="page">11</citedRange></bibl>), now with Indonesian translation. Re-edited here by Aditia Gunawan & Arlo Griffiths from Leiden rubbings and a photograph.</p>
<listBibl type="primary">
<bibl n="H">
<ptr target="bib:Holle1867_02"/><citedRange unit="page">562</citedRange>
</bibl>
<bibl n="P">
<ptr target="bib:Pleyte1911_01"/><citedRange unit="page">169</citedRange>
</bibl>
<bibl n="B">
<ptr target="bib:Boechari1985-1986_01"/><citedRange unit="item">E.42-E.45</citedRange><citedRange unit="page">104-105</citedRange>
</bibl>
<bibl n="HD">
<ptr target="bib:HasanDjafar1991_01"/><citedRange>11</citedRange>
</bibl>
</listBibl>
<listBibl type="secondary">
<bibl><ptr target="bib:NBG05_1867"/><date>1867</date><citedRange unit="volume">5</citedRange><citedRange unit="page">38</citedRange></bibl>
<bibl><ptr target="bib:NBG08_1870"/><date>1870</date><citedRange unit="volume">8</citedRange><citedRange unit="page">74, 80-81</citedRange></bibl>
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