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<title>Guntur</title>
<respStmt>
<resp>EpiDoc encoding</resp>
<persName ref="part:argr">
<forename>Arlo</forename>
<surname>Griffiths</surname>
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<respStmt>
<resp>intellectual authorship of edition</resp>
<persName ref="part:argr">
<forename>Arlo</forename>
<surname>Griffiths</surname>
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<authority>DHARMA</authority>
<pubPlace>Lyon</pubPlace>
<idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSIDENKGuntur</idno>
<availability>
<licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
<p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported
Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to
Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,
California, 94041, USA.</p>
<p>Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Arlo Griffiths.</p>
</licence>
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<date from="2019" to="2025">2019-2025</date>
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<repository>DHARMAbase</repository>
<idno/>
<!-- don't modify this -->
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<msContents><!-- describe the intellectual content of an inscription -->
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<!-- offers the possibility to give a summary of the inscription's content -->
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<p>Titi Surti Nastiti (p. 413 n. 36) observes correctly that <q>Dalam prasasti ini pasangan <foreign>wa</foreign> ditulis tidak konsisten, ada yang bulat dan ada yang agak oval.</q>
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<p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC)
under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant
agreement no 809994).</p>
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<div type="edition" xml:lang="kaw-Latn">
<pb n="1r"/><p><lb n="1r1"/><g type="ddandaCross"/> svasti śaka-varṣātīta <num value="829">829</num> śravaṇa-māsa, tithi dvādaśi śukla‚ <abbr>ma</abbr>, <abbr>po</abbr><unclear>‚</unclear> <abbr>bu</abbr>‚ vāra<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> tatkālani pu tabvəl·
<lb n="1r2"/>Anag vanuA Iṁ guntur· punpunaniṁ vihāre<!-- prima facie, the reading actually seems to be viharare --> garuṁ pinariccheda guṇa-doṣanira de samaggat· pinapan·
<lb n="1r3"/>pu gavul· muAṁ saṁ Anakabvi pu gallam· vanuA I pulu vatu,</p> <p>samvandhanikaṁ guṇa-doṣa, hana saṁ dharma ṅara<lb n="1r4" break="no"/>nya bapani maṁhampig· saṁkā ri vurakuṁ ya ta tumagiḥ pu tabvəl· tinagihakanya mas· <abbr>su</abbr> <num value="1">1</num><!-- Brandes and TSN reads a punctuation sign after this numeral, but I see none. --> ndātan hutaṁ
<lb n="1r5"/>pu tabvəl· ya hutaṁ saṁ Anakabvi, makaṅaran si campa‚ vuAṁ sānak saṁ dharma, pajjaḥ puA si campa‚ tinagiḥ
<lb n="1r6"/>ta pu tabvəl· de saṁ dharma, ndātan hanānakni pu tabvəl· muAṁ si campa‚ ṅuniveḥ yar vruha rikaṁ hutaṁ<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> ya
<lb n="1r7"/>ta mataṅyan· tka ri samaggat pinapan·<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> ndātan· tka saṁ dharma rikaṁ pasamayān· ya mataṅyan· Inalaha<lb n="1r8" break="no"/>kan ta ya de samaggat pinapan·, lavan· tan hana parṇnaḥniṁ hutaṁ maṅkana tumibā riṁ laki-laki yata<pb n="1v" break="no"/><lb n="1v1" break="no"/>n paṅavruḥnikaṁ laki-laki, ṅuniveḥ yan· tan hana Anak samvandha,</p><p>tatra sākṣī rovaṁ rakryān· Aputu,
<lb n="1v2"/>pu rakak· vuAṁ I taṁkil·, rovaṁ rakryān· haməAs· pu kirat· vuAṁ I timvun· vsi‚ pu saṅgama vuAṁ I gu<lb n="1v3" break="no"/>ntur·‚ muAṁ guru vaju Anakabvi samaggat pinapan· Atuha‚ nāhan· kveḥniṁ sākṣī byakt<unclear>i</unclear>nyan· sampun·
<lb n="1v4"/>śuddha-pariśuddha Ikaṁ guṇa-doṣa, likhita-pātra dyaḥ raṅgal· vuAṁ I varasiga<g type="ddandaHooked">.</g></p><p>kunaṁ sugyan ta<unclear reason="eccentric_ductus">m</unclear>ān paṅu<lb n="1v5" break="no"/>jara ya muvaḥ dlāhaniṁ dlāha ya donikeṁ jayapātra<g type="ddandaHooked">.</g> <g type="ddandaCross"/> <g type="ddandaHooked">.</g></p>
</div>
<div type="apparatus">
<!--apparatus encoded as per EGD §9.1, basic elements for apparatus below-->
<listApp>
<app loc="1r1">
<lem source="bib:Goris1928_01 bib:TitiSurtiNastiti2016_01"><num value="829">829</num></lem>
<rdg source="bib:Brandes1889_01"><num value="849">849</num></rdg>
<note>Titi Surti Nastiti's footnote on the reading 829 reveals she hasn't understood Damais' discussion and hasn't carefully checked the plate, because while she reads 829 in her text she says that <q>Angka tahunnya dibaca oleh Brandes 849 Śaka, dan pembacaan Brandes sebenarnya tidak salah</q> whereas the correct reading is definitely 829.</note>
</app>
<app loc="1r2">
<lem source="bib:Brandes1889_01">punpunaniṁ</lem>
<rdg source="bib:TitiSurtiNastiti2016_01">punpūnaniṁ</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1r4">
<lem>mas· su 1 ndātan</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Brandes1889_01 bib:TitiSurtiNastiti2016_01">mas· su 1, ndātan</rdg>
<note>Brandes and Titi Surti Nastiti read a punctuation sign after the numeral, but I see none.</note>
</app>
<app loc="1r8">
<lem>yata<pb n="1v" break="no"/><lb n="1v1" break="no"/>n</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Brandes1889_01 bib:TitiSurtiNastiti2016_01">ya tan</rdg>
<note>Brandes and Titi Surti Nastiti read two words, but only one word is intended here (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Zoetmulder1982_01"/><citedRange unit="entry"><foreign>yatan</foreign></citedRange></bibl>).</note>
</app>
<app loc="1v1">
<lem source="bib:TitiSurtiNastiti2016_01">Aputu, <lb n="1v2"/>pu rakak·</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Brandes1889_01">Aputu <lb n="1v2"/>pu rakak·</rdg>
<note>Brandes does not read a punctuation sign after <foreign>Aputu</foreign>.</note>
</app>
<app loc="1v2">
<lem source="bib:TitiSurtiNastiti2016_01">rakryān·</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Brandes1889_01">rakryan·</rdg>
</app>
<app loc="1v3">
<lem source="bib:Brandes1889_01">Atuha‚</lem>
<rdg source="bib:TitiSurtiNastiti2016_01">Atuhā‚</rdg>
<note>Comparing the shape of tarung in the <foreign>hā</foreign> in <foreign>vihāre</foreign> in 1r2 with the shapes of punctuation signs in this inscription, it seems that one can read either <foreign>tarung</foreign> or punctuation sign but not both, so either <foreign>Atuhā</foreign> or <foreign>Atuha,</foreign> — in the context, the reading with punctuation sign is preferable.</note>
</app>
<app loc="1v3">
<lem source="bib:Brandes1889_01">byakt<unclear>i</unclear>nyan·</lem>
<rdg source="bib:TitiSurtiNastiti2016_01">byaktanyan·</rdg>
<note>Traces of an <foreign>ulu</foreign>, needed for the sense, are visible on the photographs.</note>
</app>
<app loc="1v4">
<lem>ta<unclear reason="eccentric_ductus">m</unclear>ān</lem>
<rdg source="bib:Brandes1889_01 bib:TitiSurtiNastiti2016_01">ta tān·</rdg>
</app>
</listApp>
</div>
<div type="translation" resp="part:argr">
<!--By Arlo Griffiths, adapted from that published by H.B. Sarkar.-->
<p n="1r1-3">Hail! Elapsed Śaka year 829, month of Śrāvaṇa, twelfth <foreign>tithi</foreign> of the waxing fortnight, Mavulu, Pon, Wednesday. That was the time when the dispute <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>guṇa-doṣa</foreign></supplied> of <foreign>pu</foreign> Tabvəl‚ native of the village of Guntur, domain <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>punpunan</foreign></supplied> of the monastery <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vihāra</foreign></supplied> at Garuṅ, was adjudicated by the officiant of Pinapan <supplied reason="subaudible">named</supplied> <foreign>pu</foreign> Gavul, along with his wife <supplied reason="subaudible">named</supplied> <foreign>pu</foreign> Gallam of the village of Puluvatu.</p>
<p n="1r3-1v1">The grounds <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>sambandha</foreign></supplied> for the dispute: there was someone called Dharma‚ father of Maṅhampig, originating from Vurakuṅ. He made a claim from <foreign>pu</foreign> Tabvəl. A claim of 1 <foreign>suvarṇa</foreign> was made by him. But it was not the debt of <foreign>pu</foreign> Tabvəl. The debt was of his wife, named <foreign>si</foreign> Campa, a cousin <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vvaṅ sānak</foreign></supplied> of Dharma. When Campa died, a claim was made of <foreign>pu</foreign> Tabvəl by Dharma. <foreign>Pu</foreign> Tabvəl and <foreign>si</foreign> Campa had no children, let alone any that would know about <supplied reason="explanation">or: acknowledge</supplied> the debt. That was the reason why <supplied reason="subaudible">Dharma</supplied> came to the officiant of Pinapan. <supplied reason="subaudible">But</supplied> Dharma did not come at the appointed time <supplied reason="explanation">for the hearing</supplied>. That was the reason why the officiant of Pinapan ruled against him. Moreover, there is no situation that such debt will accrue to the husband, if it is not knowledge <supplied reason="subaudible">on the part</supplied> of <supplied reason="explanation">or: ackowledgement by</supplied> the husband, let alone if there are no children. <supplied reason="subaudible">Such were</supplied> the grounds.<!--as relatives <supplied reason="explanation">or: cousins</supplied>.--></p>
<p n="1v1-1v4">Witnesses thereof: the assistant of the <foreign>rakryān</foreign> of Aputu <supplied reason="subaudible">named</supplied> <foreign>pu</foreign> Rakak‚ a man from Taṅkil; the assistants of the <foreign>rakryān</foreign> of Haməas, <supplied reason="subaudible">the first named</supplied> <foreign>pu</foreign> Kirat‚ a man from Timbun Vsi, <supplied reason="subaudible">the second named</supplied> <foreign>pu</foreign> Saṅgama, a man from Guntur; and Guru Vaju‚ the senior wife of the officiant of Pinapan <supplied reason="explanation">or: the wife of the senior officiant of Pinapan</supplied>. Such was the number of the witnesses to the evidence that the dispute was entirely resolved. The document was written by <foreign>dyah</foreign> Raṅgal, a man from Varasiga.</p>
<p n="1v4-1v5">As for the aim of this victory document <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>jayapatra</foreign></supplied>, it is that <supplied reason="subaudible">even</supplied> into the future’s future there should no more be any one to discuss it.</p>
</div>
<div type="commentary">
<p n="1v4-1v5">Stutterheim (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Stutterheim1935_01"/></bibl>) observed that the words <foreign>tamān paṅujara muvaḥ</foreign> (which he still quoted in Brandes' reading with <foreign>tatān</foreign>) find a parallel in the words <foreign>tan punaruktā</foreign> at the end of the <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKPalebuhan.xml">Palebuhan</ref> inscription. The correspondence of this closing paragraph with the final words preserved of the <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKLaguna.xml">Laguna</ref> plate are even more remarkable.</p>
</div>
<div type="bibliography">
<!--bibliography encoded as per section §9.4 -->
<!-- NB: you are encouraged to experiment with encoding bibliography to the extent you have the bibliographic data available, but it is not mandatory at this stage, because our bibliographic data are normally assembled along with other metadata in spreadsheets and will be imported from there into our xml files by a semi-automated process at a later stage. -->
<p>First decipherment of the inscription by K.F. Holle (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Holle1880_02"/></bibl>); second and authoritative edition, with translation into Dutch, by J.L.A. Brandes (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Brandes1889_01"/></bibl>); correction of the reading of the Śaka date from 849 to 829 by R. Goris (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Goris1928_01"/></bibl>); discussion of inconsistencies in the dating parameters and tentative conclusion on the Julian conversion by L.-Ch. Damais (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Damais1955_01"/></bibl>); reproduction of Brandes’ edition, to which is added a translation into English, by H. B. Sarkar (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Sarkar1971-1972_01"/></bibl>); new decipherment, with some critical notes but without translation, by Titi Surti Nastiti (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:TitiSurtiNastiti2016_01"/></bibl>); re-edited here by Arlo Griffiths based on autopsy and photographs, with citation of variant readings only from the editions by Brandes and Titi Surti Nastiti, but omission of variant readings which concern the interpretation <foreign>b</foreign> vs. <foreign>v</foreign> in pasangan position, where Brandes often opted for the former and Titi Surti Nastiti correctly opts for the latter.
<!-- available reproductions:
- OD 10018
- photos furnished in 2009 and 2019 by Wereldmuseum -->
</p>
<listBibl type="primary">
<bibl n="H">
<ptr target="bib:Holle1880_02"/>
<citedRange unit="page">1-2</citedRange>
<citedRange unit="part">I A</citedRange>
</bibl>
<bibl n="B"><ptr target="bib:Brandes1889_01"/></bibl>
<bibl n="S"><ptr target="bib:Sarkar1971-1972_01"/><citedRange unit="volume">2</citedRange><citedRange unit="page">99-101</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">73</citedRange></bibl>
<bibl n="TSN"><ptr target="bib:TitiSurtiNastiti2016_01"/><citedRange unit="page">412-413</citedRange></bibl>
</listBibl>
<listBibl type="secondary">
<bibl><ptr target="bib:NBG15_1877"/><citedRange unit="page">136-137</citedRange></bibl>
<!-- NBG15_1877: 136-137 "III. De Heer De Roo, onlangs eene reis gemaakt hebbende naar midden Java, deelt mede dat hij bij den Heer Dieduksman in Djokjakarta eene fraaie verzameling bronzen oudheden gezien heeft, waarvan die Heer zoo goed is geweest hem tijdelijk af te staan twee beschreven koperen platen en het ruggestuk van een Boeddha-beeldje, insgelijks met een inschrift, van welke beide inscriptiën de Heer De Roo voorstelt fac-similés te laten maken. De Heer Groeneveldt was hiermede bereids begonnen; wordt verder besloten den Heer Dieduksman dank te betuigen." -->
<bibl>Brandes in <ptr target="bib:NBG24_1886"/><citedRange unit="page">24-29, esp. p. 27</citedRange></bibl>
<!-- Brandes in NBG24_1886 (OJO and hence Sarkar misprint 1880), pp. 24–29, particularly p. 27:
"VI. De Heer Dr. J. L. A. Brandes: a. Legt de ondervolgeude nota over: A. 1°. Onder de door de onlangs opgerichte Djogjasche vereeniging aan het Genootschap toegezonden photographien
zijn er eenige genomen van beschreven voorwerpen, nl.: [...] d. Eene afbeelding van de koperen plaat in bet bezit van den Heer Dieduksman, welke in transcriptie reeds werd medegedeeld in Verh. XXXIX. Uit de photographie is mij gebleken dat, zooals ik reeds vermoedde, in die transcriptie zeer vele drukfouten worden aangetroffen. Door deze photographische afbeelding wordt schier alles, wat er onduidelijk in was, opgehelderd." -->
<!-- Brandes 1889, 99 suite de la note 1 de la page 98 -->
<bibl>Brandes in <ptr target="bib:NBG26_1888"/><citedRange unit="page">52</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">3</citedRange></bibl>
<!-- Brandes in NBG26_1888: 52 n° 3: "3°. Tijdschr. XXXII, 99 noot is te verbeteren als volgt: „van het jaar 849 Qakajaren verloopen vallen Dinsdag 8 Maart (de datum waarop dat jaar aanving) — December in het jaar 927 na Chr. , en de daarop volgende Januari — 24 Febr. in 928 A. D. Het is den tekst behandelde stuk is uitgereikt 12 Qukla Qrawana d. i. 15 Juli en dateert dus
uit 927 na Chr. Daar 8 Maart een Dinsdag was, valt 15 Juli op Vrijdag. Vrijdag heet Çukra, zoodat men verwachten zou çu. Er staat op de plaat evenwel duidelijk bu (budha) d. i. Woensdag", enz. -->
<bibl><ptr target="bib:Verbeek1891_01"/><citedRange unit="page">164, 167</citedRange></bibl>
<bibl><ptr target="bib:Krom1911_01"/><citedRange unit="page">245</citedRange></bibl>
<bibl><ptr target="bib:Brandes1913_01"/><citedRange unit="page">262</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">130</citedRange></bibl>
<bibl><ptr target="bib:Bosch1915_01"/><citedRange unit="page">5</citedRange></bibl>
<bibl><ptr target="bib:NBG57_1919"/><citedRange unit="page">159</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">11</citedRange></bibl>
<bibl><ptr target="bib:Bosch1926_02"/><citedRange unit="page">64, 69</citedRange></bibl>
<bibl><ptr target="bib:Krom1931_01"/><citedRange unit="page">197</citedRange></bibl>
<bibl><ptr target="bib:JVMMR1919"/><citedRange unit="page">6</citedRange></bibl>
<!-- Verslag omtrent den toestand van het Museum voor Land- en Volkenkunde en Maritiem Museum „Prins Hendrik” te Rotterdam over het jaar 1919 [Zes en dertigste jaarverslag], p. 6 : « Van Java : 1. Twee oud-Javaansche oorkonden op koperen platen uit de eerste helft der 10de eeuw (24.505—24.506). Oordeelende naar de wijze waarop deze twee zeldzame stukken in het bezit van het museum geraakten, kon niet vermoed worden hier te doen te hebben met voorwerpen die reeds in handen waren geweest van personen die hun hooge wetenschappelijke waarde hadden doorgrond. [...] Beide oorkonden worden voor het eerste genoemd in de Notulen van [het Bataviaasch] Genootschap over September 1877 [...]. De platen bevonden zich toen in eenigzins befaamde handen. Toen echter in 1901 door Brandes in opdracht van het Bataviaasch Genootschap de nalatenschap van den voormaligen eigenaar werd geïnventariseerd, bleken de bewuste koperplaten niet meer voorhanden te zijn, doch . . . . . ,, wel die hijzelf gemaakt had’’. [...] »
-->
<bibl><ptr target="bib:OV1929"/><citedRange unit="page">171</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">10018</citedRange></bibl><!-- OV, 1929: 171, foto OD 10018 -->
<bibl n="G"><ptr target="bib:Goris1928_01"/><citedRange unit="page">64</citedRange></bibl>
<bibl><ptr target="bib:Stutterheim1935_01"/><citedRange unit="page">437</citedRange><citedRange unit="note">4</citedRange></bibl>
<bibl><ptr target="bib:Damais1952_01"/><citedRange unit="page">50-51</citedRange><citedRange unit="part">A</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">85</citedRange></bibl>
<bibl><ptr target="bib:Damais1955_01"/><citedRange unit="page">195-196</citedRange></bibl>
<bibl><ptr target="bib:Damais1970_01"/><citedRange unit="page">52</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">139</citedRange></bibl>
<bibl><ptr target="bib:Nakada1982_01"/><citedRange unit="page">94-95</citedRange><citedRange unit="part">1</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">99</citedRange><note>Nakada refers to pages of Cohen Stuart's Kawi Oorkonden (concerning KO no. XVII), but I don't find anything there. Confusion with the title of Holle's publication? Or with another items from the Dieduksman collection?</note></bibl>
<bibl><ptr target="bib:Eade+Gislen2000_01"/><citedRange unit="page">113</citedRange><note>The book does not seem to contain a discussion of this inscription's date.</note></bibl><!-- skipped on Eade & Gislén 2000: 38-39, but briefly mentioned on p. 113, with simple reference to Damais. -->
</listBibl>
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</body>
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