Tulangan (832 Śaka, 910-08-13) EpiDoc Encoding Wayan Jarrah Sastrawan intellectual authorship of edition Wayan Jarrah Sastrawan Arlo Griffiths DHARMA Paris DHARMA_INSIDENKTulangan

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// svasti śaka-varṣātīta 932, bhadravāda-māśa tipi pañcamī śukla-pakṣa, vu U, ca vāra madaṅkuṅan· Indra-devatā harmmaṇa-yoga, Irika divaśa dyaḥ vunut·, manambaḥ I śrī mahārāja rake galuḥ dyagarudamuka śrī dharmmodāya mahāsambhu muAṁ rakryan· mahāmantri Iṁhino, dyaḥ dakṣottama bāhubajrā pratipakṣakṣaya, prayojananira matanyan· panambaḥ Uminta Ikanaṁ lmaḥ tulaṅan apirn? rikaṁ saghagulaḥ run· kulon· ṅaranya Iṁ nūa Ala hlat· katakutan· sampansampun ta ya kr̥-

Estimated date

932832 Corr. 832Sarkar emends to 832 in his text. varṣātītavarṣatītavarṣatita bhadravādabhadrapāda māśamāsa tīpitīthitithiCorr. tithi śuklapakṣatuklapakṣa vu U, ca vāratu U _ vāratu U śa vāra madaṅkuṅanmaḍaṅkuṅan Indra-devatārudra-devatā harmmaṇa-yogaOm.hārmmaṇa-yoga Corr. harṣṣaṇa-yoga divaśa dyaḥ vunut·divaśanya _divaśa nyaḥ vurut rake galuḥ dyaśegaluḥ maraka galuḥ garudamukaOm.varudamukagaruḍamuka mahāsambhumahāsamamahāsambu IṁI dyaḥpu bāhubajrābāhubajrabāhubhajravāhubajra pratipakṣakṣayapratipakṣakṣaya matanyan·mataṅuyan· panamvaḥpanambaḥ tulaṅanOm.tuhaṅana apigir·Om.pin _ rikaṁOm.-nikaṁ saghagula-ḥ run-nanAlas· lamvan· Iṁ nūa Ala hlatI nuIṁ nūpa sūla hlat· katakutan·Om.katakutanā sampanyapvansamban kr̥-lva-
Dating and Palaeography

F. H. van Naerssen (1938: 508–509) discusses the various erroneous readings of the year by scholars from Friederich to van Naerssen’s own day. Van Naerssen further observed that traces of the erased date indicate that must post-date the eleventh century CE: “In den rechter bovenhoek is nog een oud i-teeken zichtbaar; en dit teeken – een onberispelijk ovaal met een punt in het midden dat terecht niet is overgenomen door de afteekenaars – verraadt dat het oorspronkelijke schrift dateert van het tiende Çaka-eeuw of jonger”. He goes on to suggest that the palaeography of the present text represents a late attempt to replicate the ninth-Śaka-century script of the original: “terwijl het schrift dat thans op de plaat prijkt archaïstisch is gehouden en het best te vergelijken met een zeer slordig en groot geschreven schrift uit den negenden Çaka-eeuw dateert”. This led him to infer that the ninth-century original was already severely damaged when it was copied: “De kopiïst copieerde dus letterlijk het voorbeeld dat hij voor zich had, terwijl hij met dezelfde moeilijkheden te kampen had als de moderne epigraaf die een niet heelemaal leesbare inscriptie, waarvan het materiaal door den tand des tijds verteerd, en de letters vervaagd zijn, te bewerken krijgt, zoodat het niet te verwonderen is dat heele woorden en misschien zelfs zinnen van oorspronkelijke oorkonde weggevallen zijn.”

Van Naerssen (1938: 510) suggested that the date 932 Śaka, as well as the similarity of script with a Frankfurt copperplate dated 937 Śaka, and also the appearance of the title Garuḍamukha, may indicate that this reissue may have been connected with Airlaṅga. However, our current understanding of Airlaṅgga’s chronology makes this highly unlikely.

Damais gave an extensive discussion of the date in BEFEO (1951): 36-37. He demonstrated that 932 Śaka is not an authentic date but an error for 832 Śaka, which fits with the other cyclical elements.

Read by Wayan Jarrah Sastrawan and Arlo Griffiths in July 2021 from photographs of the plates furnished by RMV.

36 no. 28 510–514 169–170 120no. 79 Sarkar distinguished two sets of readings: those in the main text, which follow Brandes, and those in footnotes labelled LMP (Leiden Museum Plate), which follow van Naerssen’s readings in every case. This leads us to suspect that Sarkar reproduced van Naerssen’s readings verbatim, and that his edition does not contain any novel readings. We therefore do not record the readings published by Sarkar in our apparatus. 75, 86–89 145 453 (j), 456 (6) 185 202–6 36–37 A fuller discussion of the date than supplied in the later publication EEI IV.