---
name: reactflow-expert
description: Builds DAG visualizations using ReactFlow v12 with custom nodes, ELKjs auto-layout, Zustand state management, and live state updates via WebSocket. Use when implementing workflow visualization
  dashboards, creating custom agent node components, integrating ELK layout algorithms, or wiring execution state into React components. Activate on "ReactFlow", "workflow visualization", "DAG visualization",
  "ELKjs", "custom nodes", "node-based editor", "graph visualization". NOT for writing Mermaid diagrams (use mermaid-graph-writer), general React development, or static diagram rendering.
allowed-tools: Read,Write,Edit,Bash,Grep,Glob
metadata:
  tags:
  - reactflow
  - workflow-visualization
  - dag-visualization
  pairs-with:
  - skill: websocket-streaming
    reason: Live DAG state updates flow through WebSocket connections to ReactFlow visualizations
  - skill: human-gate-designer
    reason: Human approval gates are rendered as interactive ReactFlow custom nodes
  - skill: task-decomposer
    reason: Decomposed task DAGs are visualized as ReactFlow node graphs with ELKjs layout
---

# ReactFlow Expert

Builds DAG visualizations using ReactFlow v12 with custom agent nodes, ELKjs auto-layout, Zustand state management, and live execution state updates.

---

## When to Use

✅ **Use for**:
- Building workflow/DAG visualization dashboards
- Creating custom ReactFlow node components for agent state
- Integrating ELKjs auto-layout for automatic graph positioning
- Wiring WebSocket execution events into ReactFlow state
- Implementing zoom, pan, selection, and node interaction

❌ **NOT for**:
- Static Mermaid diagrams (use `mermaid-graph-writer`)
- General React component development
- Non-graph visualizations (charts, tables)

---

## Architecture

```mermaid
flowchart TD
  subgraph "State Layer"
    Z[Zustand Store] --> N[nodes + edges]
    Z --> U[updateNodeData]
    Z --> A[applyNodeChanges / applyEdgeChanges]
  end
  
  subgraph "Layout Layer"
    E[ELKjs] --> P[Compute positions]
    P --> Z
  end
  
  subgraph "Data Layer"
    WS[WebSocket] --> Z
    API[REST API] --> Z
  end
  
  subgraph "Render Layer"
    Z --> RF[ReactFlow component]
    RF --> CN[Custom AgentNode]
    RF --> CE[Custom edges]
    RF --> PA[Panel controls]
  end
```

---

## Core Patterns (ReactFlow v12)

### Zustand Store (Recommended over useNodesState for complex editors)

```typescript
import { create } from 'zustand';
import { applyNodeChanges, applyEdgeChanges, type Node, type Edge } from '@xyflow/react';

interface DAGStore {
  nodes: Node[];
  edges: Edge[];
  onNodesChange: (changes: any) => void;
  onEdgesChange: (changes: any) => void;
  setNodes: (nodes: Node[]) => void;
  setEdges: (edges: Edge[]) => void;
  updateNodeData: (nodeId: string, data: Record<string, any>) => void;
}

const useDAGStore = create<DAGStore>((set, get) => ({
  nodes: [],
  edges: [],
  onNodesChange: (changes) => set({ nodes: applyNodeChanges(changes, get().nodes) }),
  onEdgesChange: (changes) => set({ edges: applyEdgeChanges(changes, get().edges) }),
  setNodes: (nodes) => set({ nodes }),
  setEdges: (edges) => set({ edges }),
  // CRITICAL: create NEW object to trigger ReactFlow re-render
  updateNodeData: (nodeId, data) => set({
    nodes: get().nodes.map((n) =>
      n.id === nodeId ? { ...n, data: { ...n.data, ...data } } : n
    ),
  }),
}));
```

### Custom Agent Node

```typescript
import { Handle, Position, type NodeProps } from '@xyflow/react';

const STATUS_COLORS = {
  pending: '#9CA3AF', scheduled: '#60A5FA', running: '#3B82F6',
  completed: '#10B981', failed: '#EF4444', retrying: '#F59E0B',
  paused: '#8B5CF6', skipped: '#D1D5DB', mutated: '#EAB308',
};

function AgentNode({ data }: NodeProps) {
  return (
    <div className={`agent-node status-${data.status}`}
         style={{ borderColor: STATUS_COLORS[data.status] }}>
      <Handle type="target" position={Position.Top} />
      <div className="node-header">
        <span className={`status-dot ${data.status}`} />
        <span>{data.role}</span>
      </div>
      {data.skills && (
        <div className="node-skills">
          {data.skills.map((s: string) => <span key={s} className="badge">{s}</span>)}
        </div>
      )}
      {data.status === 'completed' && data.output?.summary && (
        <div className="node-output">{data.output.summary.slice(0, 60)}...</div>
      )}
      {data.metrics?.cost_usd > 0 && (
        <div className="node-meta">${data.metrics.cost_usd.toFixed(3)}</div>
      )}
      <Handle type="source" position={Position.Bottom} />
    </div>
  );
}

// MUST define outside component (or useMemo) to avoid re-registration
const nodeTypes = { agentNode: AgentNode };
```

### ELKjs Auto-Layout Hook

```typescript
import ELK from 'elkjs/lib/elk.bundled.js';
import { useCallback } from 'react';
import { useReactFlow } from '@xyflow/react';

const elk = new ELK();

export function useAutoLayout() {
  const { fitView } = useReactFlow();

  return useCallback(async (nodes: Node[], edges: Edge[], direction = 'DOWN') => {
    const isHorizontal = direction === 'RIGHT';
    const layouted = await elk.layout({
      id: 'root',
      layoutOptions: {
        'elk.algorithm': 'layered',
        'elk.direction': direction,
        'elk.spacing.nodeNode': '80',
        'elk.layered.spacing.nodeNodeBetweenLayers': '100',
        'elk.edgeRouting': 'ORTHOGONAL',
      },
      children: nodes.map((n) => ({
        ...n,
        targetPosition: isHorizontal ? 'left' : 'top',
        sourcePosition: isHorizontal ? 'right' : 'bottom',
        width: n.measured?.width ?? 220,
        height: n.measured?.height ?? 120,
      })),
      edges,
    });
    const result = layouted.children!.map((elkN) => ({
      ...nodes.find((n) => n.id === elkN.id)!,
      position: { x: elkN.x!, y: elkN.y! },
    }));
    window.requestAnimationFrame(() => fitView());
    return result;
  }, [fitView]);
}
```

### Dashboard Assembly

```typescript
import { ReactFlow, ReactFlowProvider, Panel } from '@xyflow/react';
import '@xyflow/react/dist/style.css';

function DAGDashboard({ dagId }: { dagId: string }) {
  const { nodes, edges, onNodesChange, onEdgesChange } = useDAGStore();
  const layout = useAutoLayout();

  // WebSocket → Zustand (see websocket-streaming skill)
  useDAGStream(dagId);

  return (
    <ReactFlow nodes={nodes} edges={edges} nodeTypes={nodeTypes}
      onNodesChange={onNodesChange} onEdgesChange={onEdgesChange} fitView>
      <Panel position="top-right">
        <button onClick={() => layout(nodes, edges, 'DOWN')}>↓ Vertical</button>
        <button onClick={() => layout(nodes, edges, 'RIGHT')}>→ Horizontal</button>
      </Panel>
    </ReactFlow>
  );
}

export default function DAGPage({ dagId }: { dagId: string }) {
  return <ReactFlowProvider><DAGDashboard dagId={dagId} /></ReactFlowProvider>;
}
```

---

## v12 Gotchas

| Pitfall | Fix |
|---------|-----|
| `nodeTypes` defined inside component → infinite re-render | Define OUTSIDE component or wrap in `useMemo` |
| State update doesn't trigger re-render | Must create NEW node object: `{ ...node, data: { ...node.data, ...update } }` |
| `xPos`/`yPos` in custom node → undefined | Use `positionAbsoluteX`/`positionAbsoluteY` (v12 rename) |
| `nodeInternals` → undefined | Use `nodeLookup` (v12 rename) |
| ELK layout ignores node size | Pass `node.measured?.width` and `height` explicitly |
| `fitView` fires before DOM paint | Wrap in `requestAnimationFrame(() => fitView())` |
| Interactive elements drag the node | Add `className="nodrag"` to inputs, buttons, selects |

---

## Anti-Patterns

### Canvas Rendering for Debugging
**Wrong**: Using canvas-based libraries (GoJS) where you can't inspect nodes in dev tools.
**Right**: ReactFlow renders SVG + HTML. Every node is inspectable in React DevTools and the DOM.

### Re-running Layout on Every State Update
**Wrong**: Calling ELK layout every time a node's status changes (expensive, causes visual jitter).
**Right**: Only re-layout when topology changes (add/remove node/edge). Status color changes are just data updates — no layout needed.

### Monolithic Node Component
**Wrong**: One giant node component handling all node types.
**Right**: Register separate node types: `agentNode`, `humanGateNode`, `pluripotentNode`. Each is a focused React component.