{
 "metadata": {
  "name": "ipython-intro"
 },
 "nbformat": 3,
 "nbformat_minor": 0,
 "worksheets": [
  {
   "cells": [
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      " Introduction to the IPython notebook"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Basics\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "* The notebook consists of individual cells\n",
      "* Each cell may contain code or text (amongst other options)\n",
      "* Text format can be [markdown](http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown), HTML or LaTeX\n",
      "* Code cells are run using:\n",
      "  * **shift + enter** will move to next cell\n",
      "  * **ctrl + enter** will stay in the current cell\n",
      "* Markdown cells can be modified by double-clicking on them"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\"Hello IPython notebook!\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": []
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Only the last statement will be shown\n",
      "L = ['red', 'blue', 'green', 'black', 'white']\n",
      "type(L)\n",
      "#sorted(L)  # uncomment this line to show the sorted list instead of the type"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": []
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# An example code cell using stuff from pylab\n",
      "\n",
      "# numpy's linspace and pi\n",
      "x = linspace(0, 3*pi, 500)\n",
      "\n",
      "# matplotlib's plot and title\n",
      "plot(x, sin(x**2))\n",
      "title('A simple chirp');"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {
      "slideshow": {
       "slide_start": false
      }
     },
     "outputs": []
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Errors lead to detailed tracebacks\n",
      "x = \"Hello IPython!\"\n",
      "\n",
      "y = 42\n",
      "\n",
      "z = x + y"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {
      "slideshow": {
       "slide_start": false
      }
     },
     "outputs": []
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Echo the version of IPython\n",
      "import IPython\n",
      "IPython.__version__"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": []
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Exercise"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "* Download the IPython notebook file\n",
      "* Execute `ipython notebook --pylab=inline` to launch the notebook\n",
      "* Execute the cells in the above section using both **shift + enter** and **control + enter**\n",
      "* Make a tiny modification to one of the cells and execute it again"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Navigation and cell manipulation"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "* You can:\n",
      "  * Select/add/delete/move/insert cells\n",
      "\n",
      "* Using:\n",
      "  * Menu\n",
      "  * Toolbar\n",
      "  * Keyboard shortcuts (via the Help menu)"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Exercise"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "* Create a markdown cell, a header cell and a code cell\n",
      "* Move the cells around using Edit-> Move Cell\n",
      "* Cut and paste a cell to a different location\n",
      "* Use the menu, the toolbar and look at the keyboard shortcuts\n",
      "* Try **shift + enter** when on the last cell in the notebook. What happens?"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Markdown Cells"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Markdown basics: lists, markup and code\n",
      "\n",
      "* list item \n",
      "* list item\n",
      "  * nested list item\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "* *italics*\n",
      "* **bold**\n",
      "* `fixed_font`\n",
      "\n",
      "Code examples:\n",
      "\n",
      "    def hello_ipython():\n",
      "        print \"Hello IPython!\""
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Markdown cells can also contain HTML\n",
      "\n",
      "<p>Markdown basics: lists, markup and code</p>\n",
      "\n",
      "<ul>\n",
      "<li>list item</li>\n",
      "<li><p>list item</p>\n",
      "\n",
      "<ul>\n",
      "<li>nested list item</li>\n",
      "</ul></li>\n",
      "<li><p><em>italics</em></p></li>\n",
      "<li><strong>bold</strong></li>\n",
      "\n",
      "<li><code>fixed_font</code></li>\n",
      "</ul>\n",
      "\n",
      "<p>Code examples:</p>\n",
      "\n",
      "<pre><code>def hello_ipython():\n",
      "    print \"Hello IPython!\"\n",
      "</code></pre>"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Using math mode (anything between two `$`s or two `$$`s) is interpreted as $LaTeX$ math:\n",
      "\n",
      "$$ D_{KL}(P||Q) = \\sum\\limits_{i}ln (\\frac{P(i)}{Q(i)}) P(i)$$"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Exercises"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "* Modify or create a markdown cell and use:\n",
      "  * Markdown\n",
      "  * HTML\n",
      "  * LateX math\n",
      "\n",
      "* Use either `$` or ``$$`` for the math expressions. What is the difference?\n",
      "\n",
      "* Look at the [markdown syntax page](http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax#span) (or this cell) to find out how to create hyperlinks"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Help"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Help on python objects using the '?'\n",
      "import IPython\n",
      "IPython?"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": []
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Using the built-in help\n",
      "help(IPython)"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": []
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Double click on the divider to close the help console\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Tab completion is available\n",
      "IPython.  # press TAB after the period"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": []
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "The *Help* menu item has links to IPython and the scientific packages"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Loading and Saving"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "* Dashboard shows all notebooks in the directory where it was started from\n",
      "* Use the dashboard to create new notebooks\n",
      "* Files saved as JSON with the ``.ipynb`` extension\n",
      "* Not meant for human consumption\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "* Use File -> Print View for a version without the controls\n",
      "* Execute the cells who's output you want to show\n",
      "* Save to HTML or print to PDF"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "* When running from someone else's server, use File -> Download\n",
      "* Either as ``*.ipynb`` file\n",
      "* Or as ``*.py`` file with the markdown as comments\n",
      "* [``*.py`` file can also be imported](http://ipython.org/ipython-doc/dev/interactive/htmlnotebook.html#exporting-a-notebook-and-importing-existing-scripts)"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "* There is also the online [nbviewer](http://nbviewer.ipython.org/)\n",
      "* This can render a static version of a publicly available notebook."
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Exercises"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "* Create a new notebook from the dashboard\n",
      "* Look at a saved ``*.ipynb`` file. Can you decipher it at least somewhat.\n",
      "* Save the notebook as ``*.py`` file. What does this look like in the editor?\n",
      "* Find an IPython notebook online and try it with the nbviewer site."
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Images and Video"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from IPython.display import Image\n",
      "\n",
      "Image(filename='images/logo.png')"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {
      "slideshow": {
       "slide_start": false
      }
     },
     "outputs": []
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from IPython.display import YouTubeVideo\n",
      "\n",
      "YouTubeVideo('F4rFuIb1Ie4')"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {
      "slideshow": {
       "slide_start": false
      }
     },
     "outputs": []
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Alternatively, load an image from a URL\n",
      "Image(url='http://octodex.github.com/images/pythocat.png')"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": []
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Things I haven't covered"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "* Hiding output\n",
      "* Debugging by attaching a QTConsole\n",
      "* Restarting the kernel in case of crashes\n",
      "* Cython magic\n",
      "\n",
      "* [In-depth IPython tutorial this afternoon](https://conference.scipy.org/scipy2013/tutorial_detail.php?id=104)"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "metadata": {}
  }
 ]
}