{
  "cells": [
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "view-in-github",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "<a href=\"https://colab.research.google.com/github/financieras/pyCourse/blob/main/jupyter/calisto2/0050_metodos.ipynb\" target=\"_parent\"><img src=\"https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg\" alt=\"Open In Colab\"/></a>"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "id": "35c14ca3",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "35c14ca3"
      },
      "source": [
        "# Ejemplo constructor, atributos, métodos"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## Fracción"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "BVx5ub9nqNSU"
      },
      "id": "BVx5ub9nqNSU"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "class Fraccion:\n",
        "\n",
        "    def __init__(self, num=0, den=1):    # método constructor. Los parámetros tienen valor por defecto\n",
        "        self.num = num\n",
        "        self.den = den\n",
        "\n",
        "    def multiplica(self, b):\n",
        "        num = self.num * b.num\n",
        "        den = self.den * b.den\n",
        "        r = Fraccion(num, den)\n",
        "        return r\n",
        "\n",
        "    def imprime(self):\n",
        "        print(self.num, \"/\", self.den)\n",
        "\n",
        "def main():\n",
        "    a = Fraccion(4, 5)\n",
        "    print('\\na:')\n",
        "    a.imprime()\n",
        "\n",
        "    b = Fraccion(2, 3)\n",
        "    print('\\nb:')\n",
        "    b.imprime()\n",
        "\n",
        "    c = a.multiplica(b)         # c es el resultado de multiplicar a por b\n",
        "    print('\\nc:')\n",
        "    c.imprime()\n",
        "\n",
        "    z = Fraccion()               # si no ponemos argumentos se toman los valores por defecto del constructor\n",
        "    print('\\nz:')\n",
        "    z.imprime()\n",
        "\n",
        "if __name__==\"__main__\":\n",
        "    main()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "zAFOMoXSqSp-",
        "outputId": "0cfe2897-73a3-4be1-9139-09000a7246ad",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        }
      },
      "id": "zAFOMoXSqSp-",
      "execution_count": 1,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "\n",
            "a:\n",
            "4 / 5\n",
            "\n",
            "b:\n",
            "2 / 3\n",
            "\n",
            "c:\n",
            "8 / 15\n",
            "\n",
            "z:\n",
            "0 / 1\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "id": "74e15ae2",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "74e15ae2"
      },
      "source": [
        "## Galletas"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 2,
      "id": "94f00d48",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "94f00d48",
        "outputId": "be520602-0113-42ed-8864-f440e45f0056",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        }
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Se acaba de crear una galleta cuadrada y dulce.\n",
            "Se acaba de crear una galleta redonda y salada.\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "class Galleta:\n",
        "    chocolate = False\n",
        "\n",
        "    def __init__(self, forma, sabor):\n",
        "        self.forma = forma\n",
        "        self.sabor = sabor\n",
        "        print(f\"Se acaba de crear una galleta {self.forma} y {self.sabor}.\")\n",
        "\n",
        "    def chocolatear(self):\n",
        "        self.chocolatear = True\n",
        "\n",
        "    def tiene_chocolate(self):\n",
        "        if self.chocolate:\n",
        "            print(\"Soy una galleta chocolateada\")\n",
        "        else:\n",
        "            print(\"Soy una galleta sin chocolate\")\n",
        "\n",
        "g1 = Galleta(\"cuadrada\", \"dulce\")\n",
        "g2 = Galleta(\"redonda\", \"salada\")"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 3,
      "id": "6c5bc91c",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "6c5bc91c"
      },
      "outputs": [],
      "source": [
        "#g3 = Galleta()    # ERROR, ya que no hemos proporcionado los atributos"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "id": "5481270c",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "5481270c"
      },
      "source": [
        "Para evitar el error podemos establecer unos atributos por defecto en el constructor."
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 4,
      "id": "9e49a70e",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "9e49a70e",
        "outputId": "4a064b70-3e33-41b3-b6dc-02150698028e",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        }
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Se acaba de crear una galleta cuadrada y dulce.\n",
            "Se acaba de crear una galleta redonda y salada.\n",
            "Se acaba de crear una galleta None y None.\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "class Galleta:\n",
        "    chocolate = False\n",
        "\n",
        "    def __init__(self, forma = None, sabor = None):  # añadimos atributos por defecto\n",
        "        self.forma = forma\n",
        "        self.sabor = sabor\n",
        "        print(f\"Se acaba de crear una galleta {self.forma} y {self.sabor}.\")\n",
        "\n",
        "    def chocolatear(self):\n",
        "        self.chocolatear = True\n",
        "\n",
        "    def tiene_chocolate(self):\n",
        "        if self.chocolate:\n",
        "            print(\"Soy una galleta chocolateada\")\n",
        "        else:\n",
        "            print(\"Soy una galleta sin chocolate\")\n",
        "\n",
        "g1 = Galleta(\"cuadrada\", \"dulce\")\n",
        "g2 = Galleta(\"redonda\", \"salada\")\n",
        "g3 = Galleta()                    # ahora no da error, aunque la frase no es buena"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 5,
      "id": "5a5040f0",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "5a5040f0",
        "outputId": "c6a40bdd-3771-4043-ae53-729b30526304",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        }
      },
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Se acaba de crear una galleta cuadrada y dulce.\n",
            "Se acaba de crear una galleta redonda y salada.\n"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": [
        "class Galleta:\n",
        "    chocolate = False\n",
        "\n",
        "    def __init__(self, forma = None, sabor = None):\n",
        "        self.forma = forma\n",
        "        self.sabor = sabor\n",
        "        if forma is not None and sabor is not None:\n",
        "            print(f\"Se acaba de crear una galleta {self.forma} y {self.sabor}.\")\n",
        "\n",
        "    def chocolatear(self):\n",
        "        self.chocolatear = True\n",
        "\n",
        "    def tiene_chocolate(self):\n",
        "        if self.chocolate:\n",
        "            print(\"Soy una galleta chocolateada\")\n",
        "        else:\n",
        "            print(\"Soy una galleta sin chocolate\")\n",
        "\n",
        "g1 = Galleta(\"cuadrada\", \"dulce\")\n",
        "g2 = Galleta(\"redonda\", \"salada\")\n",
        "g3 = Galleta()                      # ahora se crea sin error y sin frase"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## Planetas"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "NFaJbObMqxXI"
      },
      "id": "NFaJbObMqxXI"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "class Planeta:\n",
        "    def __init__(self, nombre, radio, gravedad):\n",
        "        self.nombre = nombre\n",
        "        self.radio = radio         # en Km\n",
        "        self.gravedad = gravedad   # m/seg^2\n",
        "        self.sistema = \"Solar\"     # todos los planetas de esta clase pertenecen al sistema Solar\n",
        "\n",
        "    def orbita(self):\n",
        "        return f'{self.name} orbita en el sistema {self.sistema}'\n",
        "\n",
        "tierra = Planeta('Tierra', 6371, 9.8)\n",
        "mercurio = Planeta('Mercurio', 2440, 3.7)\n",
        "jupiter = Planeta('Júpiter', 69911, 24.8)\n",
        "\n",
        "print(f\"El radio de la {tierra.nombre} es de {tierra.radio} Km, una gravedad de {tierra.gravedad} y pertenece al sistema {tierra.sistema}.\")"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "ypkUu4Trq0WV",
        "outputId": "09d725ec-0142-4783-8f35-e3eaec77fb0a",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        }
      },
      "id": "ypkUu4Trq0WV",
      "execution_count": 6,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "El radio de la Tierra es de 6371 Km, una gravedad de 9.8 y pertenece al sistema Solar.\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "metadata": {
    "kernelspec": {
      "display_name": "Python 3",
      "language": "python",
      "name": "python3"
    },
    "language_info": {
      "codemirror_mode": {
        "name": "ipython",
        "version": 3
      },
      "file_extension": ".py",
      "mimetype": "text/x-python",
      "name": "python",
      "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
      "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
      "version": "3.8.8"
    },
    "colab": {
      "name": "calisto2_0050.ipynb",
      "provenance": [],
      "include_colab_link": true
    }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
  "nbformat_minor": 5
}