{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "view-in-github",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"<a href=\"https://colab.research.google.com/github/financieras/pyCourse/blob/main/jupyter/calisto3/0040_numpy2_matrices.ipynb\" target=\"_parent\"><img src=\"https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg\" alt=\"Open In Colab\"/></a>"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "uYJgXVaXMXjG"
},
"source": [
"# NumPy [2] Funciones sobre matrices"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 1,
"metadata": {
"id": "91raueFPMXjL",
"outputId": "878d6806-279e-4f22-c5d2-cc0b32f8b6e4",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([[ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4],\n",
" [ 5, 6, 7, 8, 9],\n",
" [10, 11, 12, 13, 14]])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 1
}
],
"source": [
"import numpy as np # importamos la librería NumPy como np\n",
"\n",
"m = np.arange(15).reshape(3, 5) # creamos una matriz 2D\n",
"m"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "t9fN-hMTMXjR"
},
"source": [
"### shape\n",
"Proporciona el número de filas × columnas."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 2,
"metadata": {
"id": "GGCKB4EmMXjU",
"outputId": "d5525f20-d6cf-432b-d208-65c36d1fe2ed",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"(3, 5)"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 2
}
],
"source": [
"m.shape"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "UzdUmnb-MXjW"
},
"source": [
"### ndim\n",
"Proporciona la dimensión de la matriz (número de ejes)."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 3,
"metadata": {
"id": "2YOjl3MlMXjX",
"outputId": "5fdc2365-2f03-4d1f-983d-6b989fa0114c",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"2"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 3
}
],
"source": [
"m.ndim"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "DstX0v37MXjZ"
},
"source": [
"### size\n",
"Número de elementos que incluye una matriz."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 4,
"metadata": {
"id": "AThoab-pMXja",
"outputId": "adc1cfc0-fb12-4786-82c9-a448d598c731",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"15"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 4
}
],
"source": [
"m.size"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "GoXZxHkYMXjd"
},
"source": [
"### zeros\n",
"Crea una matriz de ceros."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 5,
"metadata": {
"id": "Vqr9T1C3MXjg",
"outputId": "a7911c4d-b04e-4f16-b8f5-8d247a2e3ce7",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([[0., 0., 0., 0., 0.],\n",
" [0., 0., 0., 0., 0.],\n",
" [0., 0., 0., 0., 0.]])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 5
}
],
"source": [
"matriz = np.zeros((3, 5))\n",
"matriz"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "Ytvg_RsTMXjj"
},
"source": [
"### linspace\n",
"Genera una matriz con números secuenciales entre uno inicial y uno final, indicando la cantidad de números deseada. \n",
"* Inicio en 10\n",
"* Final en 14\n",
"* Número de elementos 5"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 6,
"metadata": {
"id": "WVqipr2BMXjl",
"outputId": "d9503f2b-635e-41a0-e0c1-5428950c86eb",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([10., 11., 12., 13., 14.])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 6
}
],
"source": [
"m=np.linspace(10, 14, 5)\n",
"m"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "ygnZKWj8MXjm"
},
"source": [
"* Inicio en 90\n",
"* Final en 20\n",
"* Número de elementos 5"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 7,
"metadata": {
"id": "KslWN_IPMXjn",
"outputId": "56eddecc-0058-4543-82db-990cf841c703",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([90. , 72.5, 55. , 37.5, 20. ])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 7
}
],
"source": [
"m=np.linspace(90, 20, 5)\n",
"m"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "URmJLVanMXjp"
},
"source": [
"## Matriz 3D\n",
"Una matriz de tres dimensiones requiere: hojas × filas × columnas. A la tercera dimensión se la llama habitualmente hojas o páginas."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 8,
"metadata": {
"id": "RoQUpbNSMXjq",
"outputId": "9c54f638-2d1d-44a6-a3aa-2f09ab508ee8",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([[[ 0, 1, 2, 3],\n",
" [ 4, 5, 6, 7],\n",
" [ 8, 9, 10, 11]],\n",
"\n",
" [[12, 13, 14, 15],\n",
" [16, 17, 18, 19],\n",
" [20, 21, 22, 23]]])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 8
}
],
"source": [
"m3d = np.arange(24).reshape(2, 3, 4)\n",
"m3d"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "edxry61UMXjq"
},
"source": [
"## Operar con arrays"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 9,
"metadata": {
"id": "Wf0KPjVRMXjt",
"outputId": "4d8a87fe-0340-45e3-9f0a-866da5758313",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([ 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 9
}
],
"source": [
"array_pares=np.arange(0, 20, 2)\n",
"array_pares"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "NQcYfetkMXju"
},
"source": [
"### Operaciones aritméticas"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 10,
"metadata": {
"id": "Hq4c7H6CMXjv",
"outputId": "17ef7e8c-fd47-496d-e932-ffdd5e1329d4",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([ 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 10
}
],
"source": [
"array_impares=array_pares + 1 # suma 1 a todos los elementos y lo convierte en un array de impares\n",
"array_impares"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 11,
"metadata": {
"id": "TB17uB6LMXjw",
"outputId": "093ecb24-9f94-4357-ed5e-d0a82553874a",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([ 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110, 130, 150, 170, 190])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 11
}
],
"source": [
"array_impares * 10 # multiplicar"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 12,
"metadata": {
"id": "0DylGrKkMXjw",
"outputId": "896815e4-5609-4f1e-e7f0-f0eb77e3bb20",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 12
}
],
"source": [
"array_impares - array_pares # restar arrays"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 13,
"metadata": {
"id": "OW2Sd5W6MXjx"
},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"#array_impares / array_pares # dividir arrays da error ya que dividen entre cero"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "1swsX1AWMXjy"
},
"source": [
"### Estadística"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 14,
"metadata": {
"id": "NzpnUr9EMXj0",
"outputId": "9f9fd6d9-c077-4af7-aac4-b06cd0c259de",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([ 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 14
}
],
"source": [
"numeros_primos = [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29]\n",
"array_primos = np.array(numeros_primos)\n",
"array_primos"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 15,
"metadata": {
"id": "lZUKOgxiMXj0",
"outputId": "5901ccf2-8230-4502-910e-4cb5a3d32a2e",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"129"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 15
}
],
"source": [
"array_primos.sum() # suma"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 16,
"metadata": {
"id": "mdasxcrSMXj1",
"outputId": "467dbd5b-e335-4d4c-8f19-c5eb218121c3",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"12.9"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 16
}
],
"source": [
"array_primos.mean() # media"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 17,
"metadata": {
"id": "Xwm6QLz5MXj2",
"outputId": "78a14f96-1b52-4b90-8b5e-c8d64ef6240e",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"73.28999999999999"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 17
}
],
"source": [
"array_primos.var() # varianza"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "1UfzQQGBMXj2"
},
"source": [
"### Ordenación de arrays"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 18,
"metadata": {
"id": "HqxmmUFtMXj3",
"outputId": "e1e20c71-88b5-46d6-d17a-24a9cfd71ba9",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"[0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144]\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Creamos la serie de Fibonacci\n",
"fibo = [0, 1]\n",
"for i in range (11):\n",
" fibo.append(fibo[-1] + fibo[-2])\n",
"print(fibo)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 19,
"metadata": {
"id": "UJmbzjHpMXj4",
"outputId": "63590cf3-c85c-4d87-c9de-d47b3cf2f499",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([ 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 19
}
],
"source": [
"# Convertimos la lista en un ndarray\n",
"fibonacci = np.array(fibo)\n",
"fibonacci"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "2BAFlAKYMXj4"
},
"source": [
"#### Desordenamos"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 20,
"metadata": {
"id": "wTgJfzxeMXj5",
"outputId": "0c62efc0-1bc0-4b0f-b7b5-e7417ba63173",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([ 1, 144, 3, 34, 89, 13, 21, 55, 1, 8, 0, 2, 5])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 20
}
],
"source": [
"# desordenamos el array\n",
"np.random.shuffle(fibonacci) # permite desordenar un array\n",
"fibonacci"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "3ZMDUS4PMXj6"
},
"source": [
"#### Ordenamos"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 21,
"metadata": {
"id": "2OCcn3A8MXj7",
"outputId": "32236e1c-f9de-420e-bf0b-9d588b03e0d1",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([ 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 21
}
],
"source": [
"# ordenar un array\n",
"np.sort(fibonacci) # ordena el vector, pero no queda asignado al array fibonacci"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 22,
"metadata": {
"id": "0H9naCVPMXj8",
"outputId": "c99bae84-f321-471e-d830-8612736f825a",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([ 1, 144, 3, 34, 89, 13, 21, 55, 1, 8, 0, 2, 5])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 22
}
],
"source": [
"fibonacci # comprobamos que no queda asignado el vector ordenado a la variable fibonacci"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 23,
"metadata": {
"id": "SWLXyGMOMXj9",
"outputId": "af1fdcfa-611b-40ca-f3d3-993a8e895547",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([ 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 23
}
],
"source": [
"ordenado = np.sort(fibonacci) # asignamos el array a la variable ordenado\n",
"ordenado"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "qB3eot_DMXj-"
},
"source": [
"#### Reverso"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 24,
"metadata": {
"id": "uzDSwSrAMXj_",
"outputId": "8d71ca95-5017-45bf-95fc-7d0d19f2ee35",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([144, 89, 55, 34, 21, 13, 8, 5, 3, 2, 1, 1, 0])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 24
}
],
"source": [
"inverso=ordenado[::-1]\n",
"inverso"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 25,
"metadata": {
"id": "wg1DOpeIMXkA",
"outputId": "e6ebf00c-c075-4067-cdb1-041e76069111",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([ 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 25
}
],
"source": [
"inverso.sort() # si ordenamos el array inverso quedará ordenado de menor a mayor\n",
"inverso"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 26,
"metadata": {
"id": "XcSma2oCMXkA",
"outputId": "188ad7af-7087-4b15-924b-6bd0accacf7e",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"array([ True, True, True, True, True, True, True, True, True,\n",
" True, True, True, True])"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 26
}
],
"source": [
"inverso == np.array(fibo) # una comprobación"
]
}
],
"metadata": {
"kernelspec": {
"display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
"language": "python",
"name": "python3"
},
"language_info": {
"codemirror_mode": {
"name": "ipython",
"version": 3
},
"file_extension": ".py",
"mimetype": "text/x-python",
"name": "python",
"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
"version": "3.8.11"
},
"colab": {
"name": "0040_numpy2_matrices.ipynb",
"provenance": [],
"include_colab_link": true
}
},
"nbformat": 4,
"nbformat_minor": 0
}