{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# tuple"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "int"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = (1)\n",
    "type(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "tuple"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = (1,)\n",
    "type(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "__main__.MyHost"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 39,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from collections import namedtuple\n",
    "\n",
    "MyHost = namedtuple('MyHost',['host', 'ip'])\n",
    "MyHost"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 40,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "MyHost(host='cn', ip='1.2.3.4')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 40,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "MyHost(host='cn', ip='1.2.3.4')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "Hosts = [\n",
    "    ('us','2.2.2.2'),\n",
    "    ('hk','3.3.3.3')\n",
    "]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[MyHost(host='us', ip='2.2.2.2'), MyHost(host='hk', ip='3.3.3.3')]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 44,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "[ MyHost._make(h) for h in Hosts ]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(1, 2)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from ast import literal_eval as make_tuple\n",
    "make_tuple('(1,2)')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# list"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 12,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "[1,]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 141,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[2, 4, 6]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 141,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list(map(lambda x: x*2, [1,2,3]))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 142,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['abd', 'ad', 'b']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 142,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(['ad','abd','b'])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 143,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['abd', 'ad', 'b']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 143,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted({'ad','abd','b','b'})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 145,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['live', 'live', 'arp', 'arp', 'strong']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 145,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a1 = [\"live\", \"arp\", \"strong\"] \n",
    "a2 = [\"lively\", \"alive\", \"harp\", \"sharp\", \"armstrong\"]\n",
    "[s1 for s1 in a1 for s2 in a2 if s1 in s2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 146,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[('dave', 'B', 10), ('jane', 'B', 12), ('john', 'A', 15)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 146,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "students = [('john', 'A', 15), ('jane', 'B', 12), ('dave', 'B', 10),]  \n",
    "sorted(students, key=lambda s : s[2])   # sort by age  "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 151,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[3, 2, 1]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 151,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "[1,2,3][::-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 56,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[{1: 3}, {2: 1}, {3: 1}, {4: 2}]\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Counter({1: 3, 2: 1, 3: 1, 4: 2})"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 56,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lst1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 4, 1]\n",
    "print( [ {i: lst1.count(i)} for i in set(lst1) ] )\n",
    "\n",
    "from collections import Counter\n",
    "c = Counter(lst1)\n",
    "c"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 57,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[(1, 3), (4, 2), (2, 1), (3, 1)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 57,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "c.most_common()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 153,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[20, 37, 21]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 153,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "delete_nth = lambda order, max_e: [x for i, x in enumerate(order) if order[:i].count(x) < max_e]\n",
    "delete_nth([20,37,20,21],1)  #item appears at most 1 times"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[2, 3, -1, 2, 1]\n",
      "[1, 2, -1, 3, 2]\n",
      "[1, 3, 2, 1]\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, -1, 3, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = [1,2,3,2,1]\n",
    "a.remove(1) #insert, remove or sort only modify the list have no return value printed\n",
    "a.insert(2, -1) # 2 is index, -1 is value\n",
    "b = [1,2,3,2,1]\n",
    "b.pop(1) # 1 is index\n",
    "print(a)\n",
    "a.reverse()\n",
    "print(a)\n",
    "print(b)\n",
    "a+b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# set"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 48,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "{x for x in range(8)} # set"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 147,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{2, 3}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 147,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "{1,3,2} - {1}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 148,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 148,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "{1,3,2} & {1}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 60,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1, 2, 3, 4}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 60,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "{1,3,2} | {1, 4}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 65,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0 0 1 1\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{2, 3, 4}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 65,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(1 ^ 1, 0 ^ 0, 1 ^ 0, 0 ^ 1)\n",
    "\n",
    "{1,3,2} ^ {1, 4} # not in both"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# dict"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 149,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'he': 55, 'i': 31, 'she': 44, 'u': 21}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 149,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = {'i': 30,'u': 20,'she':44}\n",
    "b = {'i': 31,'u': 21,'he': 55}\n",
    "c = a.copy()\n",
    "c.update(b)\n",
    "c"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 154,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "defaultdict(<class 'list'>, {1: [4, 5], 2: []})"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 154,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from collections import defaultdict\n",
    "d = defaultdict(list)\n",
    "d[1] = 3 # int, not default list\n",
    "d[1] = [4]\n",
    "d[1].append(5)\n",
    "d[2]  #set to default []\n",
    "d"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 155,
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 155,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "i = defaultdict(int)\n",
    "i[1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 71,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{1: 'a', 2: 'b', 3: 'c'}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 71,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from collections import OrderedDict\n",
    "d = {1:'a', 3:'c', 2:\"b\"}\n",
    "d"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 72,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "OrderedDict([(1, 'a'), (3, 'c'), (2, 'b')])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 72,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "OrderedDict(d)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 73,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'c'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 73,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d[3]"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "anaconda-cloud": {},
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 3",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python3"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 3
   },
   "file_extension": ".py",
   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
   "name": "python",
   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
   "version": "3.6.3"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 1
}