Murphy's Law
type: Ontology
creator: Giorgia Crosilla
comment: This is an ontology that describes the behavior of a person that believes in the Murphy's Law.

follows
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: precedes
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: Event
range: Event
comment: A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema. E.g. 'year 2000 follows 1999', 'preparing coffee' follows 'deciding what coffee to use', 'II World War follows I World War', etc. It can be used between tasks, processes or time intervals, and subproperties would fit best in order to distinguish the different uses.
label: segue @it

precedes
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: Thing
range: Thing
comment: A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema. E.g. 'year 1999 precedes 2000', 'deciding what coffee to use' precedes 'preparing coffee', 'World War II follows World War I', 'in the Milan to Rome autoroute, Bologna precedes Florence', etc. It can then be used between tasks, processes, time intervals, spatially locate objects, situations, etc. Subproperties can be defined in order to distinguish the different uses.
label: precede @it

has consequence
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is consequence of
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: Event
range: Consequence

has outcome
type: ObjectProperty

is consequence of
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: Consequence
range: Event

is outcome of
type: ObjectProperty

is performed by
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: performs
domain: Action
range: Agent
label: è eseguita da @it

is raised by
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: raise
domain: Reaction
range: Event
label: è provocata da @it

performs
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Agent
range: Action
label: esegue @it

precedes
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Reaction
range: Action

raise
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Event
range: Reaction
label: provoca @it

is affected by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Biased Agent
range: Cognitive Bias

contributes to
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Event
range: Humouristic Element

influences
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: influenced by
domain: Adverse Consequence
range: Event

influenced by
type: ObjectProperty

Agent
type: Class
equivalent class: Agent

Agent
type: Class
equivalent class: Biased Agent
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: performs
  all values from: Action
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: performs
  min qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Action
disjoint with: Action
is clone of: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Agent
comment: Any agentive Object , either physical, or social.
label: Agente @it

Situation
type: Class
comment: A view on a set of entities. It can be seen as a 'relational context', reifying a relation. For example, a PlanExecution is a context including some actions executed by agents according to certain parameters and expected tasks to be achieved from a Plan; a DiagnosedSituation is a context of observed entities that is interpreted on the basis of a Diagnosis, etc. Situation is also able to represent reified n-ary relations, where isSettingFor is the top-level relation for all binary projections of the n-ary relation. If used in a transformation pattern for n-ary relations, the designer should take care of: - creating only one situation for each instance of an n-ary relation, otherwise the 'identification constraint' (Calvanese et al., IJCAI 2001) could be violated - adding an 'exact cardinality' restriction corresponding to the arity of the n-ary relation, otherwise the designer would actually represent a polymorphic relation.

Action
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is performed by
  some values from: Agent
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has outcome
  all values from: Event
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is performed by
  all values from: Agent
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has outcome
  min qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Event
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is performed by
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Agent
comment: Action can produce more than a single event. Mutiple events can share the same position in the sequence.
label: Azione @it

Consequence
type: Class
equivalent class: Adverse Consequence
subclass of: Event
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is outcome of
  qualified cardinality: 0
  on class: Action
comment: A consequence is a kind of event which is not an outcome of any action, it is just caused by another event
label: Conseguenza @it

Event
type: Class
subclass of: Situation
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is outcome of
  all values from: Action
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: raise
  all values from: Reaction
label: Evento @it

Reaction
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: follows
  min qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Action
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is raised by
  min qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Event
comment: Any action raised by some Event is a Reaction
comment: This class is not intended to be instantiated.
label: Reazione @it

Agent
type: Class
comment: An agent (eg. person, group, software or physical artifact).
term status: stable

Biased Agent
type: Class
subclass of: Agent

Cognitive Bias
type: Class
comment: Cognitive bias refers to systematic patterns of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment, often leading to perceptual distortion, inaccurate interpretation, illogical interpretation, or what is broadly called irrationality.

Murphy's Law
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Bias
comment: Murphy's Law is a popular adage that states, "Anything that can go wrong, will go wrong.

Adverse Consequence
type: Class

Contingency Actions
type: Class
subclass of: Reaction

Humouristic Element
type: Class

broken car
type: NamedIndividual
type: Adverse Consequence
influences: following negative events

driving
type: NamedIndividual
type: Action
different from: following negative events
has outcome: flat tire
is performed by: Sarah

everything goes wrong
type: NamedIndividual
type: Adverse Consequence

flat tire
type: NamedIndividual
type: Event
has consequence: broken car
is outcome of: driving
raise: repairing actions
contributes to: funny story

following negative events
type: NamedIndividual
type: Event
has consequence: everything goes wrong
contributes to: funny story

funny story
type: NamedIndividual
type: Humouristic Element

repairing actions
type: NamedIndividual
type: Contingency Actions
precedes: repairing tire

repairing tire
type: NamedIndividual
type: Action
has outcome: following negative events

Sarah
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
performs: driving

something wrong with car
type: NamedIndividual
type: Situation

murphy's law
type: NamedIndividual
type: Murphy's Law