Normalcy Bias
type: Ontology
creator: Giorgia Crosilla
comment: This is an ontology that explains the behaviour of a person affected by the Normalcy Bias.

casually follows
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: casually precedes
domain: Consequence
range: Hazardous Event
comment: http://semantic.cs.put.poznan.pl/ontologies/oshdo/HazardousSituation#

casually precedes
type: ObjectProperty
comment: http://semantic.cs.put.poznan.pl/ontologies/oshdo/HazardousSituation#

exposed to
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Object
range: Hazard

has participant
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: participant in
domain: Hazardous Event
range: Hazardous Situation

has quality
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Hazardous Event
range: Exposure

involves
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is involved in
domain: Hazardous Event
range: Hazard

is involved in
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Hazard
range: Hazardous Event
comment: http://semantic.cs.put.poznan.pl/ontologies/oshdo/HazardousSituation#

participant in
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Hazardous Situation
range: Hazardous Event

is affected by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Biased Agent
range: Cognitive Bias

has final awareness
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Biased Agent
range: Final Awareness
comment: Normalcy Bias

has initial awareness
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Object
range: Initial Awareness

ignores warnings
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Object
range: Warning

is being experienced by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Hazardous Event
range: Biased Agent

is perceived by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Biased Hazardous Event
range: Biased Agent
comment: Normalcy Bias

produces
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Normalcy Bias

underestimates
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Object
range: Hazard

Consequence
type: Class
comment: The product or consequence of an HazardousEvent.
comment: http://semantic.cs.put.poznan.pl/ontologies/oshdo/HazardousSituation#

Event
type: Class

Exposure
type: Class
comment: Exposure refers to the state of being subjected to a potential hazard, risk, or harmful situation.

Hazard
type: Class
comment: A hazard is a source or situation that has the potential to cause harm, injury, damage, or some adverse effect. Hazards can be physical (such as a slippery surface), chemical (such as toxic substances), biological (such as infectious agents), or involve other elements like radiation or ergonomic factors

Hazardous Event
type: Class
subclass of: Event
disjoint with: Biased Hazardous Event
comment: The hazardous event that is actually happening.

Hazardous Situation
type: Class
comment: A hazardous situation is a condition or circumstance in which there is an elevated risk of harm, danger, or potential damage to individuals, property, or the environment (i.e. living in an area that is known to be an "at risk" area for tornadoes".

Object
type: Class
equivalent class: Biased Agent

Cognitive Bias
type: Class
comment: Cognitive bias refers to systematic patterns of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment, often leading to perceptual distortion, inaccurate interpretation, illogical interpretation, or what is broadly called irrationality.

Normalcy Bias
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Bias
comment: Normalcy bias is a cognitive bias that leads individuals to underestimate or ignore the possibility of a disaster or significant negative event occurring, assuming that things will continue to function in the same way as they always have

Agent
type: Class
comment: An agent (eg. person, group, software or physical artifact).
term status: stable

Biased Agent
type: Class
subclass of: Agent
comment: A BiasedAgent is an Agent affected by a bias.

Awareness
type: Class
comment: Awareness refers to the state of being conscious or mindful about the current dangerous situation.

Biased Hazardous Event
type: Class
subclass of: Event
comment: A dangerous event is perceived to a lesser extent (non-dangerous) compared to reality.

Final Awareness
type: Class
subclass of: Awareness
comment: Final awareness of the biased person about the hazardous event which is changed because of the exposure to the hazard.
comment: Normalcy Bias

Initial Awareness
type: Class
subclass of: Awareness
comment: Initial Awareness of the biased person about the hazardous event.
comment: Normalcy Bias

Warning
type: Class
comment: A warning is a statement or an action that alerts or informs someone about a potential danger, threat, or harmful situation.

area at risk
type: NamedIndividual
type: Hazardous Situation
participant in: pandemic event

covid
type: NamedIndividual
type: Hazard
is involved in: pandemic event

covid not approaching
type: NamedIndividual
type: Biased Hazardous Event
is perceived by: Sarah

covid not real
type: NamedIndividual
type: Initial Awareness

covid is real
type: NamedIndividual
type: Final Awareness
label: Normalcy Bias

infection
type: NamedIndividual
type: Exposure

pandemic event
type: NamedIndividual
type: Hazardous Event
casually precedes: symptoms
has quality: infection
involves: covid
is being experienced by: Sarah

Sarah
type: NamedIndividual
type: Object
exposed to: covid
has final awareness: covid is real
has initial awareness: covid not real
ignores warnings: warnings
underestimates: covid

warnings
type: NamedIndividual
type: Warning
has parameter data value: true

normalcy bias
type: NamedIndividual
type: Normalcy Bias

symptoms
type: NamedIndividual
type: Consequence
casually follows: pandemic event
produces: covid is real