{{Participant}}
| Category | {{Category}} |
| Classification | {{Classification}} |
| Fuel Source | {{Fuel Source - Primary}} ({{Fuel Source - Descriptor}}) |
| Technology Type | {{Technology Type - Primary}} ({{Technology Type - Descriptor}}) |
| Physical Unit No. | {{Physical Unit No_}} |
| Unit Size (MW) | {{Unit Size (MW)}} |
| Aggregation | {{Aggregation}} |
| Region | {{Region}} |
| Power generation |
All sheep stations have the same time series plot.
All train stations have the same x-y plot.
Chart with inline data
Potential sites for off-river PHES are identified using GIS algorithms with defined search criteria. The surveyed latitude range is up to 60 degrees north and south. Each identified site comprises an upper and lower reservoir pair plus a hypothetical tunnel route between the reservoirs, and includes data such as latitude, longitude, altitude, head, slope, water volume, water area, rock volume, dam wall length, water/rock ratio, energy storage potential and approximate relative cost (categories A-E).
Wall heights are adjusted for each reservoir in a pair to yield equal water volumes to achieve the targeted energy storage. Energy (= head * usable volume * g * efficiency) and storage-length combinations are provided in Table 1. The approximate number of people that a reservoirs could service for a 100% renewable electricity grid is listed in the third line.
| Table 1 | 2 GWh | 5 GWh | 15 GWh | 50 GWh | 150 GWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 hours | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | - |
| 18 hours | - | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Millions of people | 0.1 | 0.25 | 0.75 | 2.5 | 7.5 |
Virtually all upper reservoirs are away from rivers, and none intrude on protected area or urban areas listed in the databases that we use below. There may be local constraints that prevent use of a particular site that is not reflected in these databases. Please refer to the ANU 100% Renewable Energy website for additional information: http://re100.eng.anu.edu.au/global
" }, { "name": "Disclaimer", "content": "None of the PHES sites discussed in this study have been the subject of geological, hydrological, environmental, heritage and other studies, and it is not known whether any particular site would be suitable. The commercial feasibility of developing these sites is unknown. As with all major engineering projects, diligent attention to quality assurance would be required for safety and efficacy.There has been no investigation of land tenure apart from exclusion of some environmental areas and urban areas, and no discussions with land owners and managers. Nothing in this list of potential site locations implies any rights for development of these locations. Accuracy of the sites depends on the accuracy of the source data. There may be sites that fall into local protected areas or urban areas that are not identified by the source data.
" }, { "name": "Access and acknowledgements", "content": "In publications that use this information please acknowledge the RE100 Group, Australian National University, http://re100.eng.anu.edu.au/" }, { "name": "Source Data", "content": "Digital Terrain Model (DTM) https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/World Database Protected Areas: https://www.protectedplanet.net/
Urban extent: HBASE http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/ulandsat-hbase-v1/data-download
" } ], "infoSectionOrder": [ "Disclaimer", "Description", "Access and acknowledgements", "Source Data" ], "url": "https://gis.aremi.data61.io/anu/wms", "opacity": 1, "layers": "150gwh_18h", "featureInfoTemplate": { "template": "The RE100 Group ANU found about 530,000 potentially feasible PHES sites with storage potential of about 22 million Gigawatt-hours (GWh) by using geographic information system (GIS) analysis. This is about one hundred times greater than required to support a 100% global renewable electricity system. Brownfield sites (existing reservoirs, old mining sites) will be included in a future analysis.
This information has been developed by the 100% Renewable Energy group from the Research School of Electrical, Energy and Materials Engineering at the Australia National University. http://re100.eng.anu.edu.auPotential sites for off-river PHES are identified using GIS algorithms with defined search criteria. The surveyed latitude range is up to 60 degrees north and south. Each identified site comprises an upper and lower reservoir pair plus a hypothetical tunnel route between the reservoirs, and includes data such as latitude, longitude, altitude, head, slope, water volume, water area, rock volume, dam wall length, water/rock ratio, energy storage potential and approximate relative cost (categories A-E).
Wall heights are adjusted for each reservoir in a pair to yield equal water volumes to achieve the targeted energy storage. Energy (= head * usable volume * g * efficiency) and storage-length combinations are provided in Table 1. The approximate number of people that a reservoirs could service for a 100% renewable electricity grid is listed in the third line.
| Table 1 | 2 GWh | 5 GWh | 15 GWh | 50 GWh | 150 GWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 hours | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | - |
| 18 hours | - | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Millions of people | 0.1 | 0.25 | 0.75 | 2.5 | 7.5 |
Virtually all upper reservoirs are away from rivers, and none intrude on protected area or urban areas listed in the databases that we use below. There may be local constraints that prevent use of a particular site that is not reflected in these databases. Please refer to the ANU 100% Renewable Energy website for additional information: http://re100.eng.anu.edu.au/global
There has been no investigation of land tenure apart from exclusion of some environmental areas and urban areas, and no discussions with land owners and managers. Nothing in this list of potential site locations implies any rights for development of these locations. Accuracy of the sites depends on the accuracy of the source data. There may be sites that fall into local protected areas or urban areas that are not identified by the source data.
", "shareKeys": [ "Root Group/Renewable Energy/Hydro/Storage/ANU STORES Worldwide" ] }, { "type": "wms", "name": "Australia Upper Reservoir Locations - ANU STORES", "info": [ { "name": "Disclaimer", "content": "None of the PHES sites discussed in this study have been the subject of geological, hydrological, environmental and other studies, and it is not known whether any particular site would be suitable.Please refer to the ANU 100% Renewable Energy website for additional information:
There has been no investigation of land tenure apart from exclusion of national parks and urban areas, and no discussions with land owners and managers. Nothing in this list of potential site locations implies any rights for development of these locations.
The commercial feasibility of developing these sites is unknown. As with all major engineering projects, diligent attention to quality assurance would be required for safety and efficacy.
" } ], "initialMessage": { "title": "Australia Upper Reservoir Locations Disclaimer", "content": "None of the PHES sites discussed in this study have been the subject of geological, hydrological, environmental and other studies, and it is not known whether any particular site would be suitable.Please refer to the ANU 100% Renewable Energy website for additional information:
There has been no investigation of land tenure apart from exclusion of national parks and urban areas, and no discussions with land owners and managers. Nothing in this list of potential site locations implies any rights for development of these locations.
The commercial feasibility of developing these sites is unknown. As with all major engineering projects, diligent attention to quality assurance would be required for safety and efficacy.
", "confirmation": true, "width": 600, "height": 550, "confirmText": "I Agree" }, "url": "https://gis.aremi.data61.io/ANU_STORES/wms", "opacity": 1, "rectangle": { "west": 112, "south": -48, "east": 155, "north": -5 }, "layers": "all_reservoirs", "featureInfoTemplate": { "name": "{{Index}}{{#Dam_volume}}: {{Stored_Ene}} GWh {{/Dam_volume}}", "template": "| Stored energy: | {{Stored_Ene}} GWh |
|---|---|
| Elevation: | {{Elevation_}} metres |
| Water area: | {{Water_area}} hectares |
| Reservoir volume: | {{Reservoir_}} gigalitres |
| Dam length: | {{Dam_length}} metres |
| Dam area: | {{Dam_area_h}} hectares |
| Dam volume: | {{Dam_volume}} gigalitres |
| Water to rock ratio: | {{Water_rock}} |