--- name: dma-attack-techniques description: Analyze PCIe DMA threats, host-mediated memory acquisition, FPGA behavior, and IOMMU defenses. Use when the memory initiator or device boundary matters; use kernel security for host-only mechanisms. --- # DMA attack techniques Identify the memory initiator, transport, required privilege, isolation boundary, and observable artifacts before classifying a technique as DMA. ## Topic routing - [Classification and threat model](references/classification-and-threat-model.md) for acquisition-path distinctions and attacker prerequisites. - [PCIe devices](references/pcie-devices.md) for TLPs, configuration space, programmable endpoints, and emulation limits. - [IOMMU and defense](references/iommu-and-defense.md) for VT-d/AMD-Vi, ACS, ATS/PASID, domain assignment, hypervisors, and trust anchors. - [IOMMU state verification](references/iommu-state-verification.md) for separating ACPI advertisement, Windows policy, live unit state, and per-requester coverage. - [Detection and forensics](references/detection-and-forensics.md) for defensive PCIe inventory, signal correlation, evidence capture, Thunderbolt/USB4, and memory access. - [Acquisition and transport](references/acquisition-and-transport.md), [assurance boundaries](references/assurance-boundaries.md), and [repository resources](references/repository-resources.md) for focused evidence and source selection. - [Repository map](references/repository-map.md) when maintaining the collection. Use `windows-kernel-security` for host driver and kernel internals. Apply `game-security-research-rigor` before turning architecture claims into findings.