Iliad Book 1: Transparent English-First Bridge

Sing, goddess, the godlike wrath of Achilles, son of Peleus, that sociopathic wrath that caused countless sufferings for the Achaeans. It hurled to Hades many precious lives of warriors. And it began to make their bodies into picked-over scraps for dogs and for birds, all of them; and the plan of Zeus began to be fulfilled, from the point where truly first, the two having both begun a competition with each other, both of them faced off, the son of Atreus, lord of men, and god-like Achilles. Who then of the gods threw together the two of them to fight in competition with one another? The son of Leto and of Zeus: for that one, filled with anger at the king, set in motion an evil sickness up through the camp. And the soldiers began to be killed, because he showed disrespect to that man Chryses, the god-talker. What man? -- the son of Atreus. Here is what happened: that man, came to the swift ships of the Achaeans both in order to free his daughter and bearing boundless ransom, holding the wreaths of the far-shooter Apollo in his hands high up on his golden staff. And he began to plead with all the Achaeans, and especially with the two sons of Atreus, the organizers of the soldiers: “Sons of Atreus and also all other well-greaved Achaeans, with my blessing may the gods, having homes on Olympus, give as a gift to you to destroy and pillage the city of Priam, and to return homewards well; but for me free my beloved child, and accept this ransom, showing reverence for the son of Zeus, the far-shooter Apollo.” At that point indeed all the Achaeans shouted their approval, both to treat with decency the sacrifice-leader and to accept the shining ransom; However, this was not sweet to Atreus’ son, Agamemnon, in his heart, Instead, he dismissed him cruelly. And he began to impose upon him a harsh command: “(emphasizing with tone and body language the pronoun “I”) I, on my part, may not come upon you, old man, near the hollow ships, either hanging around now or coming back later, lest even at that time the staff and wreaths of the god may not protect you. And that woman I, for my part, will not free, until (with emphasis) old age comes upon her in our house in Argos, far from her fatherland, working the loom and serving my very own bed. Instead go away! Do not keep provoking me me thus so that you might make your way home more safely than if you remain.” So he spoke. [δ'] That old man became frightened. And he began to obey the command. But he walked in silence to the shore of the loudly-roaring sea. And then, going far away, that old man began speaking as god-talker to lord Apollo, he whom light-haired Leto bore: “Hear me, silver-bowed one, who have taken under your protection Chrysa and sacred Cilla, and are lord of Tenedos by force, Smintheus, if at any time I roofed over a shrine pleasing to you, or if indeed at any time I completely burned fat thigh-bones for you, of bulls and of goats, but fulfill this desire for me: may the Danaans pay their respects for my own tears with your arrows.” So he spoke praying. Phoebus Apollo listened to that man [δ']. Seething with anger in his heart, he came down from the top of Olympus, carrying his bow and his covered quiver on his shoulders. And the arrows rattled noisily on the shoulders of the god as he seethed with anger, once he himself began to move. Then [δ'] that one made his way like night. Then he began to crouch far away from the ships. [δ'] He fired an arrow in their midst- Fearsome grew the rattle from the silver bow. First he began to go after the mules and the swift dogs, but then, letting fly a sharp arrow against the men themselves, he began to strike home. The pyres of the corpses, one after another, were kept burning without any break. For nine days, to start with, the arrows of the god kept moving up through the camp, On that tenth day, however, Achilles summoned the soldiers to an assembly, The white-armed goddess Hera, as it happened, placed this within that man’s mind. This was the reason: she kept worrying about the Danaans, because [ῥα] she kept watching them as they died. And as for those men, after they became gathered together and so were assembled, swift-footed Achilles, standing up, spoke among them [δ']: “Son of Atreus, now I believe that we us, having been driven back, will return to our homes again, if we possibly might flee death, at any rate. If truly war and plague together will force the Achaeans into submission. Instead, come, [δή] let us speak to either some seer or sacrifice-leader, or even a dream-interpreter, for a dream is also from Zeus. That man may say why Phoebus Apollo became so greatly filled with anger; whether [ἄρ'] that one is showing his dissatisfaction at a vow or at a hecatomb, or if he in any way, having met with the rich aroma of sheep suited for this purpose and goats, possibly would be willing to avert destruction from us.” And so, having spoken in this way, that man began to sit down. And among them stood up Calchas, son of Thestor, best by far of bird-interpreters, who knew the things that are, and the things that will be, and the things that were before. And he had led the ships of the Achaeans into Troy through his own gift of foresight, which Phoebus Apollo furnished to him. That man, thinking benevolently for them, addressed the assembly, and spoke in their midst: “Achilles, dear to Zeus, you order me to give an account of the wrath of Apollo, the lord far-shooter: therefore I will be the one who will speak. And as for you, take this in and swear to me most decidedly to help me with determination, with your words and with your hands. For I truly expect to fill with anger a man who greatly holds power over all the Argives, and whom the Achaeans obey: for the king has more power, whenever he is angry at an inferior man. Here’s the reason: even if, in fact, he would choke down his anger on that one particular day, nevertheless just as certainly going forward he holds a grudge in his chest, until he can fulfill it, So, as for you, make yourself clear, if you will protect me.” Swift-footed Achilles, answering, addressed that man: “Having taken heart fully, give voice to the god’s message, whatever [τι] it [0] you know. For by Apollo, beloved of Zeus, and for whom you, Calchas, speaking with authority, reveal divine messages to the Danaans, no [τις] one, while I am alive and while I am able to see upon this earth, will bear against you heavy hands near the hollow ships- not any of all the Danaans together, not even if you are speaking about Agamemnon, he who claims to be by far the best of the Achaeans.” And then, you could see, he took courage and he began to speak, the blameless prophet: “Truely [γ'], that one finds fault neither with a vow nor a hecatomb, but rather, because of the god-talker, the man to whom Agamemnon showed disrespect: he did not [δ'] free his daughter, nor did he accept the ransom. [ἄρ'] Because of this the far-shooter gave sufferings and he will continue to give still. That one [γε] certainly will not [δ'] first drive off shameful destruction for the Danaans, before you give back the bright-eyed girl to her beloved father without a price, without a ransom, and lead a sacred hecatomb into Chrysa: then we, having appeased him, might cause a change of heart.” And so[γ'], that man, having spoken thus, began to sit down : Then among them stood up the warrior son of Atreus, wide-ruling Agamemnon, stricken with pain. His black heart completely began being filled with rage. [δέ] His two eyes became like blazing fire. Glaring evilly first of all , he addressed Calchas: “Seer of evil things, you have not yet once said a favorable thing to me: these evil things are always dear to you in your heart to prophesy, and as for the fortunate, you have neither yet spoken any word nor accomplished anything. And now, speaking on behalf of the gods, you declare among the Danaans that the far-shooter produces sufferings for them because of this particular thing : because I, for my part, was not willing to accept the shining ransom of the girl Chryseis , since I very much wish to hold that woman at home. And, as it happens, in fact I have come to prefer her over Clytemnestra, my lawful wife, since she is not inferior to her, not in form, and not in stature, and not, to be honest ,in mind, nor in any respect in the things that she can produce. Yet even so I am willing to give her back, if this really is better: I, for my part, wish the soldiers to be safe, rather than to be wiped out. As for me, prepare a prize appropriate for my rank immediately, so that alone of the Argives I am not without a prize, since this is also not fitting. After all, each and every one of you see this, don’t you- that my prize goes elsewhere.” And then swift-footed godly Achilles proceeded to answer him: “Son of Atreus, the man with the most glory, and most attached to possessions of all, how exactly will the Achaeans, great-spirited, give you a prize? We do not [δέ] know of many common stores set aside anywhere at all. Rather, as we all know, the things which we destroyed and pillaged from the cities, these things have been divided up. and on the other hand it is also not fitting for the soldiers to gather together again these clawed-back things. Instead, you for your part now release this girl to the god. On our part, the Achaeans will repay you three times, and even four times, over, if Zeus at some point may confer the gift to sack completely the well-walled city Troy.” And answering, the ruler Agamemnon addressed that man: “Do not in this way, although being skillful, godlike Achilles, keep cheating with your mind, since you will not slip past nor persuade me. Do you really want, while you yourself are to hold onto your own prize, me, for my part, like this to sit still lacking? Are you telling me to give back this particular woman? [ἀλλ'] Mind you, if the great-spirited Achaeans will give me a prize, having fashioned it exactly according to my heart, so that it will be worth just as much … (Agamemnon uses non-verbal communication -- perhaps a shrug of the shoulders -- to communicate that this would be acceptable) But, if they should not make a gift, then I myself, going in person would seize for myself either your prize or that of Ajax, or that of Odysseus. Having taken possession, I will lead it away. That man [δέ] would become angry and stay angry, whomever I would approach. Nevertheless, that being said , certainly we will return to consider once again these things, Now, come. Let us drag a black ship into the divine sea. Let us gather within sufficient rowers. A hecatomb let us place inside. The beautiful-cheeked Chryseis herself we will cause to go on board . And let some single counsel-bearing man be the leader, either Ajax or Idomeneus or godlike Odysseus, or you, Son of Peleus, most aggressive of all men, until, having performed sacrifices, you will appease him, the far-shooter.” Having given a dark look [ἄρ'] swift-footed Achilles addressed that man: “How dare you! You, all clothed in indecency, obsessed by profit, how would any of the Achaeans with a ready mind listen to your words, either to go on a journey or with his own strength to fight with men? The fact of the matter is: I certainly did not come on account of Trojan spearmen here in order to fight, since they are not at fault to me in any way: for they did not ever drive away my own cattle, nor [μὲν] my horses, and not in warrior-nourishing, fertile Phthia did they ever harm the harvest, since there are many things between: many [τε] shady mountains and also the roaring sea. Instead you, oh massively indecent one, together we followed so that you might be pleased, seeking to gain respect for Menelaus and for yourself, dog-face, from the Trojans. Of these things you do not consider at all. Nor do you give a damn. And now you make threats that you yourself to seize for yourself my prize, for which I struggled at length, and which the sons of the Achaeans gave to me. Certainly I do not ever have a prize equal to yours, whenever the Achaeans destroy and pillage a well-managed city of the Trojans. Instead, you may be sure, the greater part of the miserable fighting my own hands perform; nevertheless if and when the division of spoils is at hand, for you the prize is much greater, while a smaller yet precious prize I, for my part, go on my way carrying to the ships, after I am exhausted from waging war. But now I will go to Phthia, since it is surely much superior to go home with the curved ships. With me being disrespected here here, I do not plan, in the future to ladle out riches and wealth for you.” And then the lord of men, Agamemnon, began to answer him: “By all means run away, if your heart is stirred in that direction. [δέ] I myself certainly do not plead with you to stay on account of me: beside me, you can be sure, are [0] others as well who would respect me -- and most of all, Zeus, the giver of counsel. You are the most hateful [δέ] to me of the kings fostered by Zeus: for competing with others is always dear to you, as [0] are both wars and battles. If you are very strong, at some point a god gave this [γ'] to you. Going home with both your own ships and with your own comrades, lord it over the Myrmidons. [δ'] And as for me, I don’t give a damn about you, nor do I worry about you bearing a grudge. But I will make the following threat to you: as Phoebus Apollo is taking away for himself from me Chryseis, that woman, you can be sure, I myself will send on her away with both my own ship and my own comrades. For my part, however, I would lead beautiful-cheeked Briseis, that prize of yours, going myself to your resting-place, so that you may clearly see how greatly I am superior to you, and another man as well will fear to declare himself equal to me, and to treat himself as a peer to my face.” So he spoke. And pain materialized in the son of Peleus. The heart in his hairy chest was torn in two directions: whether he himself, for his part, having drawn for himself the sharp sword from beside his thigh, would first make those men stand back while he for his part would kill the son of Atreus, or whether he could put a stop to his anger and restrain his heart. As he was turning over these things through his thoughts and through his heart, he was beginning to draw for himself [δ'] out of its sheath sheath a great sword, but Athena came from heaven. The reason for this was that the white-armed goddess Hera sent her forth, both caring about and concerned for the two men equally in her heart. She stood [δ'] behind him, and by his light hair she gripped the son of Peleus, making herself visible to him alone. Not anyone of the others [δ'] could himself see. Achilles felt astonishment [δ'], and turned himself around. And right then and there he recognized Pallas Athena. and her two eyes appeared fearsome. [καί] Having addressed her, he began to give voice to winged words: “There you are! Why, daughter of aegis-holding Zeus, have you come? Is it so that you might see for yourself the outrageous behavior of Agamemnon, son of Atreus? Whatever the answer I will speak to you openly. And this as well I expect to be fulfilled: by his outrageous actions soon he is likely to destroy his life.” Then to him the goddess spoke, silvery-eyed Athena: “I, for my part, came in order to put a stop to this rage of yours -- if you [κε] might obey -- down from the heavens. The white-armed goddess Hera sent me forth, both caring about and concerned for both equally int her heart. Instead, come on. Step away from this quarrel. Do not keep drawing for yourself the sword in your hand. Instead, by all means, with words as much as you please paint him a nasty picture of how he can be sure it will be: Because I will tell you outright how this is is. And as well this will in reality be fulfilled. In the future, there will be present in your possession three times as many shining gifts because of the outrageous behavior that we see here. As for you, hold yourself back. Listen to us.” And , replying, swift-footed Achilles said to her: “Of course, goddess, it is necessary to heed a statement from the two of you, even though really filled up with anger in one’s heart. For it is better this way. Whoever would obey the gods, they really [τ'] listen to him.” He spoke. And on the silver hilt he held his heavy hand, Back into the sheath he shoved the great sword, and he did not disobey the command of Athena. But as for that goddess, she had already departed to Olympus, into the home of aegis-holding Zeus among the other divinities. The son of Peleus [δ'] yet again with harsh words spoke to the son of Atreus. And he was not yet leaving off from his anger; “Swollen with wine, having the eyes of a dog but the heart of a deer, not ever to arm yourself for battle together with the army, nor ever to enter an ambush [δ'] with the most outstanding of the Achaeans have you had the fortitude in your heart. That seems to you to be death. Surely it is much preferable along the broad camp of the Achaeans to take away for yourself gifts from whoever may have speak against you. You are a king who devours his people, because you lord over nobodies! For truly, son of Atreus, you would now have acted abusively for the last time. Instead I will say out loud to you, and besides I will swear a great oath. Truly by this very staff, which not ever in truth will sprout leaves and branches, after it first left behind its stump in the mountains, nor will it flourish again. For the bronze stripped it all around both the leaves and the bark. Now, however, the sons of the Achaeans, acting as judges, carry it in their palms, they who [τε] defend the laws of the cosmos on behalf of Zeus. This [δέ] will be a great oath to you. In the future certainly a desire for Achilles will come upon the sons of the Achaeans each and every one of them! And then you, though stricken with pain, will not have the power to provide protection in the least, when ever many fall dying at the hands of Hector the man-slaughterer. You [δ'] will gouge open your own heart within, consumed with fury because you in no way showed respect to the best of the Achaeans.” So spoke the son of Peleus. And he flung against the ground the staff, drilled with golden studs. And he himself began to sit. And the son of Atreus from the other side continued in wrath. And among them Nestor, pleasing in speech lept up, the articulate assembly-speaker of the Pylians, and from that man’s tongue speech began to flow, sweeter than honey. To begin with for him already two generations of mortal men had passed away, who previously along with him were raised and born in most holy Pylos. And now, he was lord among the third generation. He, thinking constructively for them, addressed the assembly and [0] spoke in their midst: “I can’t believe it! For sure great sorrow has reached the Achaean land; You can be sure Priam would rejoice, as would the children of Priam, while the other Trojans would be filled with pleasure greatly in their hearts, if they should hear about all these things here, about [0] the two of you fighting, you [0] who on the one hand are in another class from the Danaans in [0] planning, and, at the same time, in another class with respect to fighting. Stop it! Listen to me! You two [0] both [δὲ] are younger than [0] me: For I myself, already at times, with men even better than you, spent my time. And not once would those men, you may be sure dismiss me. Let me tell you, not ever have I [0] seen, and I [0] would not see with my own eyes, such men, such as Peirithous and Dryas, the shepherd of his [0] soldiers, and Caeneus and Exadius and also godlike Polyphemus, and the son of Aegeus’ son, Theseus, a man [0] like the immortals. those were brought up as [0] the mightiest [δὴ] of the [0] men on earth. Let me make this point clear: they [0] were the mightiest. And they would fight against the mightiest, mountain-dwelling centaur-beasts. And with extreme violence they [0] annihilated them. First, I myself used to spend my time among those men, having come out of Pylos, from far away, out of a distant land. Why did I come? Because [they themselves] called for me. And I [0] would fight on my own with my own two hands. I did that! And let me make this point clear as well, with those men (gesturing in the distance to emphasize the separation from the present) [δ'] no one of these who are now mortals on this earth could [put up a fight]. But you may be sure, they [0] paid attention to plans that I had and they [0] would listen to my recommendations. And so now, listen to me -- and I mean you (plural, addressing Agamemnon and Achilles both)! -- because to listen is [0] better. As for you (singular, addressing Agamemnon), high-ranking though you are, do not take away for yourself the girl from this man here. Instead, leave it to him just as at first the sons of Achaeans gave the prize; And as for you, do not, son of Peleus, choose to compete with a king, setting strength against strength, since a staff-holding king, to whom [τε] Zeus gave renown never has received possession of a position of respect that is comparable. And if you, for your part, are stronger, a goddess as mother bore you, nevertheless this man, at least, is superior since he [0] is lord over more people. Son of Atreus, as for you, stop your rage: look! I, for my part, I [0] beg you [0] to let go of your [0] anger towards Achilles, he [0] who for all the Achaeans is a great defense in cruel war.” And, answering him, ruling Agamemnon spoke: “Sure enough, [δὴ] you [0] said all these things, at least , rightly, old man. But this man here wishes to be above all others. Not only does he [0] desire to be more powerful than everyone, but also to be lord over everyone, and to give orders to everyone. As far as these things are concerned, I [0] don’t expect anyone to listen. And if the gods, existing always, made him a spearman, for that reason do they [0] allow him to publicly deliver insults?” But then, interrupting, godlike Achilles began to answer him: “Surely then I [0] would be called both ruled by fear and a nobody, if [δὴ] I [0] will yield to you in each action, whatever you [0] might say. To other men, for all I care, make these commands. But, to me, at least, do not give any orders. In fact I, for my part, do not expect to listen to you in the future. And I [0] will say to you another thing. You for your part, [δ'] deposit for yourself it [0] in your heart: indeed I myself, you can be sure, will not fight with you with my hands on account of the girl-- not with you, not with any other man -- since you (pl) [0], having made the gift, now take her away for yourselves from me, at least. But as for [0] those other things, which are in my possession beside the swift black ship, of these things you may not carry away anything, having picked it up with me unwilling. But come on, really, try for yourself , so that these men here as well may watch and learn- your dark blood will pour out right then and there around my spear.” Thus the two of them, for their parts, having fought with such violently opposing speeches, both stood up, and they dismissed the assembly beside the ships of the Achaeans. The son of Peleus, on the one hand, began to make his way towards the resting-places and the well-balanced ships with both the son of Menoetius and his comrades. Meanwhile, the son of Atreus dragged forward a swift ship to the sea. And therein he selected twenty rowers. And a hecatomb for the god he embarked, and up into the ship leading, he, seated the beautiful-cheeked Chryseis. And in went as leader the adaptable Odysseus. Then they, on their side, having embarked, began to sail over the watery routes, while the son of Atreus commanded the soldiers to purify themselves. Those, on the other hand, began purifying themselves. And they were flinging the impurities into the sea. Then they began to perform potent hecatombs for Apollo, of bulls and of goats, along the shore of the barren sea: and the aroma reached the heavens, swirling about in the smoke. In this way they, on the one hand, began working on these things down throughout the camp. But at the same time, Agamemnon was not stepping away from the competition which he first threatened against Achilles, Instead that man [γε] addressed both Talthybius and Eurybates, those two who [0] were his two heralds and ready attendants: “You two go to the resting-place of Peleus’ son, Achilles. Having seized beautiful-cheeked Briseis by the hand, bring her. And if he should not give her, then I myself in person would[κεν] seize her for myself, having come with more men. And for him that will be more to be feared.” Having spoken thus, he sent them forth. He began to impose the cruel command. the two, unwilling, [δ'] both walked along the shore of the barren sea, The two of them [0] arrived at both the resting-places and the ships of the Myrmidons . [δ'] That man they found beside both his resting-place and his black ship, sitting. Nor did Achilles rejoice at all having caught sight of those two. On the one hand, the two men, terrified at, and feeling shame before, the king, both stood there. but They [0] did not begin to address him about anything and [δ'] they [0] [0] did not ask questions. For his part that man understood the situation in his heart and spoke: “Welcome, heralds, messengers of Zeus and also of men, Come closer. Don’t worry, you yourselves are [0] not responsible to me for anything: instead Agamemnon, the one who sent you two forth on account of the girl Briseis. (Achilles turns to Patroclus) [ἀλλ'] Come, Zeus-born Patroclus, bring out the girl and give her to these two to lead away. And let [0] these two themselves be witnesses both before the blessed gods and before mortal people, and before that unfeeling king, if [ποτε] [δ'] again need of me should arise to defend against shameful destruction for those others. Since obviously he is out of control, with a self-destructive heart, [δέ] He [0] does not at all know how to conceptualize the future and the past together so that the Achaeans might fight besides the ships, safe under his watch.” So he spoke, and Patroclus began to obey his beloved companion; so [δ'] he [0] led the beautiful-cheeked Briseis out of the resting-place, and [δ'] he [0] gave her to lead away. And the two of them went back along the ships of the Achaeans, and that person, the woman, unwilling, started on her way along with those people . As for Achilles, having started to cry, he [0] at once began to sit far away from his companions, sinking down upon the shore of the gray saltwater and [0] gazing out upon the boundless sea. And he [0] at length as god-talker spoke to his beloved mother, stretching out his hands: “Mother, since you [0] did after all give birth to me, although being short-lived, the Olympian ought to extend to me a situation with appropriate respect, at the very least,- Zeus thunderer on high. But now not even a little did he [0] show respect to me. That is clearly the case because, in truth, the son of Atreus, wide-ruling Agamemnon, has shown disrespect to me. For, having snatched my prize, he [0] holds it-- he himself having stolen it.” So he [0] spoke, shedding tears. That man his [0] revered mother heard, sitting in the depths of the sea beside her father, an old man. Swiftly [δ'] she [0] rose up from the gray sea like the mist, and [ῥα] before that man, with [0] him [0] shedding tears, she [0] sat down With her [0] hand she [0] caressed him and she [0] also spoke, and [0] began speaking to him by name: “Son, why are you [0] crying? What [δέ] sorrow reached your heart? Speak out -- do not 0 conceal it in your [0] mind! -- so that 0 we [0] both might know.” Groaning deeply, he [0] answered her [δὲ], the swift-footed Achilles: “You [0] know- why then should I [0] list all these things to you, who already know? We [0] made our way into Thebes, the sacred city of Eetion. That city we [0] sacked from one end to the other, and we [0] also led everything here. And, first, the sons of the [0] Achaeans divided up these things well among themselves: Then they [0] took out the beautiful-cheeked daughter of Chryses for the son of Atreus. But then Chryses, the sacrifice-leader of the [0] far-shooter Apollo, came to the swift ships of the bronze-wearing Achaeans both in order to free his daughter, and [0] bearing boundless ransom, holding the wreaths of the [0] far-shooter Apollo in his hands aloft on his golden staff. And he [0] began to plead with all the Achaeans, and especially with [0] the two sons of Atreus, the organizers of the soldiers. At that point indeed all the other Achaeans responded approvingly, both to treat with decency the sacrifice-leader and to accept the shining ransom. However, this was not sweet to the son of Atreus, Agamemnon, in his heart. Instead, he [0] dismissed him cruelly. [δ'] He [0] began to impose upon him a harsh command. [δ'] The old man, seething with anger, made his way back. and to him, after he had begun his prayer, Apollo listened, because Chryses [0] was very dear to him. And he [0] fired an evil arrow against the Argives. Now those soldiers, one after another, kept dying. And those things of [0] the god kept flying in on every side up through the wide camp of the Achaeans. To us [δὲ] the prophet, thinking benevolently, began to publicly deliver the prophecies of the far-shooter. Immediately I was the one who first began demanding to appease the god. But then anger took hold of the son of Atreus, Right then and there, after standing up, he [0] gave a threatening command, which, in fact, has been brought to completion. Here is what I mean: that woman , to begin with, the quick-eyed Achaeans with a swift ship send to Chryses, At the same time, they [0] bring gifts for the lord. But this woman, however just now the heralds went on their way, leading her away from my resting-place -- the daughter of Briseus, the woman whom the sons of the Achaeans gave to me. But if you, for your part, really have the power, protect your noble son. Having gone to Olympus, plead with Zeus, if at any time really in any way either by what you have said or in fact by what you have done you [0] cheered the heart of Zeus. For often in the great rooms of your father I [0] have heard you [0] boasting, when you [0] claimd for black-clouded son of Cronos alone among the immortals to have fought off shameful destruction, when the other Olympians wished to tie him up, both Hera and Poseidon and even Pallas Athena. But you, for your part, goddess, having come, released that one from his chains, having immediately[ὦχ'] called the hundred-handed one into great Olympus, he whom the gods call Briareus, and all men Aegaeon. For that one, in turn, is[0] better than[0] his father in terms of[0] physical strength. He [ῥα] sat down beside the son of Cronos, basking in his[0] aura of power. And before[0] him they[0] cowered the blessed gods. So they[0] did not still tie him[0] up. Now, having reminded him of these things, sit at his side and take hold of his[0] knees, if somehow he[0] [κέν] might be willing to bring aid for the Trojans, and to squeeze together the Achaeans both down among their[0] ships’ decks, and around the sea, as they are killed, so that all may enjoy the full benefit of their[0] king; and the son of Atreus, widely-ruling Agamemnon, also may recognize his own self-destructive stupidity, in that he[0] showed no respect to the best of the Achaeans.” And Thetis, pouring down tears, then began to answer him: “(sighing deeply)[ὤ μοι] My own son, why did I[0] take the time to raise you, I[0], after bearing you[0] for awful things? I wish you[0] might be able, beside the ships, without tears and without suffering, to remain quietly! since, even now, the fate assigned to you is[0] brief as it is, is not very long at all. But now, you[0] are, simultaneously, both doomed to die soon and unhappy beyond all people So it was[0] for an evil destiny that[0] I[0] gave birth to you in the great rooms. To speak this [δέ] statement for you to Zeus, who delights in thunderbolt, I[0], in person, will go to snow-covered Olympus in the hopes that [κε] he may be persuaded. But as for[0] you, now sitting beside the swift-sailing ships, continue in wrath against the Achaeans. Put a stop to your actions away from war completely. For Zeus yesterday went into Oceanus to the midst of the blameless Ethiopians, on account of a feast. All the gods began to follow as one. But on the[0] twelfth day[0] he[0] will come back again to Olympus. And at that time, then on your behalf I[0] will go to the bronze-floored house of Zeus, and I[0] will clasp him by his knees. And I[0] expect to make my case successfully to him.” Having spoken thus she[0] went away. And that one she left then and there, filled with anger throughout his[0] heart because of[0] the[0] well-girdled woman, she[0] whom they[0] were stealing by force with[0] him[0] being unwilling. As for Odysseus, he[0] was on his way to Chryses, bringing a sacred hecatomb. When they [δ'] actually arrived within the very deep harbor first they[0] took in their[0] sails, then they[0] placed them[0] in the black ship. Then they[0] guided the mast to the mast-holder having lowered it[0] with ropes quickly. [δ'] With oars they[0] rowed it forward into the anchoring-area. And out they[0] cast the anchors. They [0] tied down the boat’s stern-cables; [δὲ] As for the men themselves they[0] made their way out at the edge of the sea. They [0] caused to go out the hecatomb for the far-shooter Apollo; And out of the sea-faring ship Chryseis walked. And then at that point Odysseus, a [0] man of many counsels, leading her up to the altar, put her[0] in her[0] beloved father’s hands. And he[0] spoke to him: “[ὦ] Chryses, the lord of men sent me forth, Agamemnon, both to lead your[0] child to you and to perform a sacred hecatomb for Phoebus on behalf of the Danaans, so that we[0] may appease the lord, he who now has set in motion grievous troubles to the Argives. Having spoken in this way, he[0] placed her[0] in his[0] hands.And that man, rejoicing, received his[0] beloved child. Quickly the sacred hecatomb for the [τοὶ] [δ'] god they[0] made stand in a row about the well-built altar. Then they[0] purified their hands with water and picked up in their hands ground barley. Then among them Chryses, having raised his[0] hands, began to pray loudly: “Listen to me, silver-bowed one, you [0] who have encircled Chrysa and sacred Cilla, and are lord of Tenedos by force. Just as [ἦ] [μὲν] once before you[0] listened to me when I had prayed, and just as certainly you[0] conferred respect upon me, and also greatly harmed the soldiers of the Achaeans. And still even now, for me fulfill in addition the following desire: Right this minute, now, drive way shameful destruction from the Danaans.” So he[0] spoke, praying, and Phoebus Apollo listened to him. But [ῥ'] then after they[0] prayed and cast forth the ground barley, they[0] first pulled back [μὲν] the heads of the offerings, and then[0] slaughtered and flayed them. They[0] cut away the thighs [τ'] and wrapped up and down them[0] in fat, having made it[0] double-folded. Then they[0] placed raw meat on top of the thigh pieces[0] themselves. That old man began to burn them[0] on skewers. Then he[0] began to pour flashing wine on. The young men [δὲ] next to him were holding five-pronged forks in their[0] hands. After a while when the thigh pieces were burned thoroughly and they[0] tasted the organs, they[0] began to cut up the rest and also pierced them[0] with spits through both sides; they[0] skillfully roasted [τε] them, and pulled off for themselves everything. After a while, when they[0] stopped themselves from work and prepared for themselves the feast, they[0] kept sharing the feast, nor was their[0] heart lacking in any way from the evenly-divided feast. After a while, when they[0] rid themselves of the desire for drink and for food, the young men first for themselves they [0] filled to the brim mixing-bowls with drink, then they[0] distributed this[0] to everyone, having made the initial libations with the drinking-cups. Those men [δὲ] throughout the entire day continued to appease the god through song and dance, the young men of the Achaeans singing the beautiful paean, celebrating with song the far-shooter. And that one, listening, was pleased in his[0] heart. And when the sun sank and dusk arrived, then [δὴ] they[0] lay themselves down to sleep beside the stern-cables of the ship. And when early-born, rosy-fingered Dawn appeared, right at that time then they[0] began bringing themselves back to the midst of the broad camp of the Achaeans. For them [δὲ] the far-shooter Apollo set in motion a favorable wind. And as for those men, they[0] stood up for themselves the mast and up above spread high and wide the white sails. Wind swelled the sail within in its center. And on both sides a wave, surging, was splashing against the front of the ship, as it travelled. And that ship, working through its[0] path, kept running over the wave. And then, after [ῥ'] they[0] arrived at the broad camp of the Achaeans, first they pulled the black ship onto land, far up up on the sands, and then they[0] laid out the long supports underneath. Then the men themselves began to scatter throughout both the resting-places and ships. Meanwhile that man remained filled with wrath, sitting alongside his[0] swift-sailing ships -- the descendent of Zeus, son of Peleus, swift-footed Achilles: Neither did he[0] ever resume his habit of entering into the assembly that brings glory to men, nor ever into war. Instead he[0] kept on wearing away his[0] beloved heart, remaining right where he was. He [0] kept longing and longing for both the battle-shout and war. But from that point, when the twelfth dawn took place then [καὶ][δὴ] the gods, existing always, went to Olympus, all of them at the same time. Zeus was leading the way. And Thetis was not forgetful of the demands of her own[ἑοῦ] son- Far from it: that woman rose up over a wave of the sea. In the early morning [δὲ] she[0] went up to great heaven and Olympus. She[0] found [δὲ] the far-seeing son of Cronos sitting apart from the others, on the highest summit of many-peaked Olympus. And so then she[0] sat down before Zeus[0] himself, and she[0] laid hold of his[0] knees. with her [0] left hand [0], and with her [0] right hand [0] having gripped beneath his chin, pleading with him, she [0] addressed the lord Zeus, son of Cronos: “Father Zeus, if at any time [δή] I [0] among the immortals I [0] helped you, either by word or by deed, fulfill this desire for me: treat my son with proper respect, he [0] who was doomed to the most swift death of others. Instead, now [γε] the lord of men Agamemnon has shown disrespect to him. For he [0], having snatched his prize, holds it, he himself having stolen it. Instead you for your part, I beg you, show proper respect for him, all-wise Olympian Zeus: so long [δ'] place in the possession the Trojans superior strength, until the Achaeans show proper respect to my own son and glorify him with a position of respect.” So she [0] spoke, and he [0] did not address her at all, Zeus the cloud-summoner. Rather, in silence he [0] remained motionless for a long time. And as [0] Thetis took hold for herself his knees, in this way she [0] kept holding herself on, having attached herself on him. And again a second time she [0] began asking him: “Either promise most faithfully to me, and nod your head in approval, or refuse, since for you fear does [0] not exist [0], so that I [0] may know well how greatly I, on my part, am the most disrespected goddess among all.” That woman [δὲ], he [0] answered, greatly agitated, Zeus the cloud-summoner: “Without a doubt [δὴ] these [0] deeds are [0] destructive, since you [0] will push me to stir up a fight with Hera, since she [0] would torment me with insulting words. And to be sure she in the same manner, among the immortal gods, with me [μ'] always picks fights. And she [0] even claims that [0] I support the Trojans in battle. But as for [0] you, first, go back now, lest she [0] should become aware of anything, Hera, I mean. Then these things will be an an object of concern for me until I [0] [κε] bring things to their end. But come. I [0] will nod my approval to you with my head so that you [0] may have settled confidence. As you know, this thing from me is [0] truly the greatest sign among the immortals. for my own is [0] not to be taken back, and not something that can deceive, And it [0] is [0] [0] not unfulfilled, whatever I [0] [κεν] nod my approval with my head.” He [0] spoke, And with his dark brows, he [0] gave the nod of approval, the son of Cronos. And [ἄρα] his [0] divine hair flowed down from the lord’s immortal head. And he [0] shook great Olympus. Then [0] the two, having planned together in this way, separated. Then, she, for her part, lept from glittering Olympus into the deep sea, while Zeus went [0] to his own home. All the gods stood up at the same time out of their seats in front of their [0] father; not [τις] one of them [0] had the nerve to stay in their place as he was approaching. Instead facing him, they stood -- each and every one of them. So there indeed he sat down on his [0] seat. But Hera, when she had seen him, did not fail to understand that she [0] had fashioned plans together with him, silver-footed Thetis, the daughter of the old man of the sea. Right then and there with cutting words she [0] began to address Zeus, the son of Cronos: “So who of the gods fashioned plans together with you, devious one, this time? It [0] is always dear to you being far away from me, thinking secret things to pass judgment. To me have you [0] not ever with determination brought yourself to speak whatever you [0] may have in mind.” [δ'] Then he [0] began to answer her, the father of both men and of gods: “Hera, do not [δὴ] expect in the future to know all my own decisions: they [0] will be too difficult for you, despite being my [0] wife. This is how it is. First, whatever [κ'] may [0] be fitting to hear, then not anyone, neither any [0] of the gods nor of humans will know that decision [0] before you. But, that said, whatever [0] decision I, for my part, [κ'] might choose to think through separately from the gods, You, for your part, do not in any way pose questions about and do not inquire after each and every one of these things.” Then [δ'] she [0] began to answer him, the ox-eyed, revered Hera: “You are the worst, son of Cronos, what sort of command was [0] that [0] which you [0] said? In fact, up until now at least I [0] neither question you too much, nor do I [0] make inquiries. But you [0], very much at-ease, plan these things however you [0] would choose. And now I [0] am filled with fear horribly down through my [0] heart, that she [0] may have convinced you, silver-footed Thetis, daughter of the old man of the sea. For in the early morning she [0] seated herself beside you and [0] took hold of your [0] knees. To her, I [0] think that [0] you actually nodded in approval so that you [0] would show respect to Achilles, and you [0] would destroy many of the Achaeans beside the ships.” So, answering, cloud-summoner Zeus addressed her:: “You are out of your mind! First, you [0] always are calculating. And never do I [0] slip past you. All the same, [δ'] you [0] will not be able to accomplish anything. Instead from my heart you [0] will be much more distant. And this will be even more to be feared by you. But if this is so, it [0] is going to be pleasing to me. Instead, sit in silence! Obey my own command, or else however many gods that [0] are in Olympus now would not protect you from me [0], coming close, when I [0] [κέν] set invincible hands in motion against you.” So he [0] spoke. And she [0] became frightened, the ox-eyed, revered Hera. So in silence she [0] sat down, clamping down on her [0] beloved heart. Throughout the house of Zeus the heavenly gods were made upset. And among them Hephaestus, celebrated for his ability to make things, began to speak to the group conveying pleasing things to his [0] beloved mother, white-armed Hera: “Without a doubt [δὴ] these [deeds] will be destructive, and they [0] will not be tolerable any longer if [δὴ] you two quarrel in this way because of mortals and drive a brawl among the gods. And there [it] will [οὐ] be any enjoyment of a good [0] feast, since the worse things win. To my [0] mother I for my part give this advice [δ'], even though she [0] can think for herself: to convey pleasing things to my [0] beloved father Zeus, so that my [0] father would [0] not fight again and disturb the feast along with us. For there is indeed the possibility that the [0] Olympian of lightning would [choose] to shove us [0] out of our [0] seats. That one, as we all know, is the one who can generate the most force by far. Instead, you on your end, address that man with soft words. Immediately then the [0] Olympian will be gracious to us.” He [0] spoke [ἄρ'] thus. And, having lept up, he [0] began to place a [0] two-handled drinking cup in his [0] dear mother’s hand. And he spoke to her: “Be strong, my own mother. And hold yourself up, although being troubled, lest I [0] may see in my [0] eyes you, beloved as you are , being beaten. And then I [0] will not be able, though stricken with pain, to offer protection in any way. As you know, the [0] Olympian is [0] very hard to set oneself against. For before now, also at another time as I [0] was attempting to defend you, he [0] flung me, having seized my [0] foot, down from the [0] divine threshold. Throughout [0] the [0] entire day I [0] was carried along. Along with [δ'] the [0] setting sun I [0] ended my downward fall on Lemnos. But still a little spirit was still present within. There the [0] Sintian men straight away took care of me, after having fallen.” So he [0] spoke. And white-armed goddess Hera smiled. And, after having smiled, she [0] accepted from her [0] child the [0] cup in her [0] hand. As for him, that one, starting from the left and moving to the right, for all the [0] other gods began to pour out wine, ladelling out sweet nectar out of the [0] mixing-bowl; Laughter that could not be back then was stirred up among the blessed gods, as they [0] saw Hephaestus bustling through the [0] house. Then in this manner all day, up to the [0] sun having set, they kept sharing the feast. And their [0] heart was [οὐ] not lacking anything of the equally-divided feast, nor [μὲν] indeed of the [0] outstandingly beautiful lyre, which Apollo was holding, or of the [0] Muses, who were singing, taking turns, with a [0] beautiful voice. And then, after the [0] shining light of the [0] sun sank down, first, the rest of them each went to their [0] home in order to lie down , where for each the [0] widely-renowned and [0] crippled in both feet Hephaestus made a [0] house, with his [0] knowing mind. And Olympian Zeus, the master of lightning, made his way to his bed. There formerly he [0] used to rest himself when sweet sleep might come to him. There, having ascended, he [0] lay down to sleep. And at his [0] side was [0] golden-throned Hera.