Ian Callanan Kay Robbins Scott Makeig This ontology defines the HED Hierarchical Event Descriptor schema structure. This ontology only defines the structural elements of the HED schema. The actual HED tags are in HED. HED Schema Ontology (HEDS) HED Schema Ontology releases/2024-06-10 The unique identifier of this element in the HED namespace. Maps HedElement into string. hedId This tag requires that a descendent node be included. Maps a HedTag into a boolean. requireChild This top-level library schema node should have a parent which is the indicated node in the partnered standard schema. Maps a HedTag into a HedTag name as a string. rooted This tag is a hashtag placeholder that is expected to be replaced with a user-defined value. Maps a HedTag into a boolean. takesValue The unique identifier of this element in the HED namespace. true true hedId This tag must have a descendent. true true requireChild This top-level library schema node should have a parent which is the indicated node in the partnered standard schema. true true rooted This tag is a hashtag placeholder that is expected to be replaced with a user-defined value. true true takesValue The value is not inherited by child nodes. annotationProperty This schema attribute's value can be true or false. This property was formerly named boolProperty. boolRange This schema attribute can apply to any type of element class (i.e., tag, unit, unit class, unit modifier, or value class). This property was formerly named elementProperty. elementDomain This schema attribute can apply to node (tag-term) elements. This was added so attributes could apply to multiple types of elements. This property was formerly named nodeProperty. tagDomain This schema attribute's value can be a node. This property was formerly named nodeProperty. tagRange This schema attribute's value can be numeric. numericRange This schema attribute's value can be a string. stringRange This schema attribute can apply to unit classes. This property was formerly named unitClassProperty. unitClassDomain This schema attribute's value can be a unit class. unitClassRange This schema attribute can apply to unit modifiers. This property was formerly named unitModifierProperty. unitModifierDomain This schema attribute can apply to units. This property was formerly named unitProperty. unitDomain This schema attribute's value can be units. unitRange This schema attribute can apply to value classes. This property was formerly named valueClassProperty. valueClassDomain This schema attribute's value can be a value class. valueClassRange Associates a HedSchema with some HedEntity. This is a structural property which allows tools to place an element in its correct schema. hasHedEntity Associates a HedEntity with its particular HedSchema class. This is a structural property which allows tools to place an element in its correct schema. inHedSchema Associates a HedUnit with its category (HedUnitClass). This is a structural property which allows tools to place a unit in its correct grouping. hasUnitClass The default units to use if the placeholder has a unit class but the substituted value has no units. defaultUnits A HED tag that is closely related to this tag. This attribute is used by tagging tools. relatedTag A tag is often associated with this tag. This attribute is used by tagging tools to provide tagging suggestions suggestedTag The unit class this placeholder tag belongs to. Maps a HedTag into a HedUnitClass name as a string. unitClass The value class this placeholder tag belongs to. Maps a HedTag into a HedValueClass name as a string. valueClass The default units to use if the placeholder has a unit class but the substituted value has no units. true true defaultUnits A HED tag that is closely related to this tag. This attribute is used by tagging tools. true true relatedTag A tag that is often associated with this tag. This attribute is used by tagging tools to provide tagging suggestions. true true suggestedTag The unit class that the value of a placeholder node can belong to. true true unitClass Type of value taken on by the value of a placeholder node. true true valueClass This tag is part of the indicated tag -- as in the nose is part of the face. true true isPartOf The semantic version of this schema. version The name of the library schema if applicable, otherwise an empty string. library If true, the schema is not merged with a partner schema. unmerged The version of the HED schema's standard schema partner. withStandard A schema attribute of value classes specifying a special character that is allowed in expressing the value of a placeholder. Normally the allowed characters are listed individually. However, the word letters designates the upper and lower case alphabetic characters and the word digits designates the digits 0-9. The word blank designates the blank character. allowedCharacter The factor to multiply these units or unit modifiers by to convert to default units. conversionFactor Indicates that this element is deprecated. The value of the attribute is the latest schema version in which the element appeared in undeprecated form. deprecatedFrom A schema attribute indicating that users can add unlimited levels of child nodes under this tag. This tag is propagated to child nodes with the exception of the hashtag placeholders. extensionAllowed This element comes from the indicated library version. This attribute is added by tools when a library schema is merged into its partnered standard schema. inLibrary This tag has special meaning and requires special handling by tools reserved Indicates that this unit element is an SI unit and can be modified by multiple and submultiple names. Note that some units such as byte are designated as SI units although they are not part of the standard. SIUnit This SI unit modifier represents a multiple or submultiple of a base unit rather than a unit symbol. SIUnitModifier This SI unit modifier represents a multiple or submultiple of a unit symbol rather than a base symbol. SIUnitSymbolModifier This tag can only appear inside a tag group. tagGroup This tag (or its descendants) can only appear in a top-level tag group. A tag group can have at most one tag with this attribute. topLevelTagGroup Only one of this tag or its descendants can be used in the event-level HED string. unique This unit is a prefix unit (e.g., dollar sign in the currency units). unitPrefix This is an abbreviation or symbol representing a type of unit. Unit symbols represent both the singular and the plural and thus cannot be pluralized. unitSymbol A special character that is allowed in expressing the value of a placeholder of a specified value class. Allowed characters may be listed individual, named individually, or named as a group as specified in Section 2.2 Character sets and restrictions of the HED specification. true true true true allowedCharacter The factor to multiply these units or unit modifiers by to convert to default units. true true true conversionFactor The latest schema version in which the element was not deprecated. true true deprecatedFrom Users can add unlimited levels of child nodes under this tag. This tag is propagated to child nodes except for hashtag placeholders. true true extensionAllowed The named library schema that this schema element is from. This attribute is added by tools when a library schema is merged into its partnered standard schema. true true inLibrary This tag has special meaning and requires special handling by tools. true true reserved This unit element is an SI unit and can be modified by multiple and sub-multiple names. Note that some units such as byte are designated as SI units although they are not part of the standard. true true SIUnit This SI unit modifier represents a multiple or sub-multiple of a base unit rather than a unit symbol. true true SIUnitModifier This SI unit modifier represents a multiple or sub-multiple of a unit symbol rather than a base symbol. true true SIUnitSymbolModifier This tag can only appear inside a tag group. true true tagGroup This tag (or its descendants) can only appear in a top-level tag group. There are additional tag-specific restrictions on what other tags can appear in the group with this tag. true true topLevelTagGroup Only one of this tag or its descendants can be used in the event-level HED string. true true unique This unit is a prefix unit (e.g., dollar sign in the currency units). true true unitPrefix This tag is an abbreviation or symbol representing a type of unit. Unit symbols represent both the singular and the plural and thus cannot be pluralized. true true unitSymbol Any item in the HED ontology. Used to anchor all items in both the structural schema and the tags. HedEntity 1 Any structural element of the HED schema including header, sections, epilogue, and prologue. Used to anchor all items in both the structural. HedStructure 1 Any item in a HED schema. Used to anchor all items in both the structural schema and the tags. HedElement The overall structure of the HED schema by section. HedSchema A HED vocabulary term or node representing a HED tag. HedTag 1 A category of units such as acceleration units. HedUnitClass A unit element such as seconds. HED units have a isOfUnitType association with a HedUnitClass. HedUnit A unit modifier such as kilo. HedUnitModifier Rules for a type of value provided by users to substitute for placeholders. HedValueClass 1 1 1 1 Contains the specification of the schema version and partnership. HedHeader The introductory text of a HED schema which describes is purpose and scope. HedPrologue The end piece text of a HED schema which describes sources and other reference material. HedEpilogue StandardSchema StandardUnitClass StandardUnit StandardUnitModifier StandardValueClass 8.3.0 StandardHeader The HED standard schema is a hierarchically-organized vocabulary for annotating events and experimental structure. HED annotations consist of comma-separated tags drawn from this vocabulary. This vocabulary can be augmented by terms drawn from specialized library schema. \n\nEach term in this vocabulary has a human-readable description and may include additional attributes that give additional properties or that specify how tools should treat the tag during analysis. The meaning of these attributes is described in the Additional schema properties section. StandardPrologue This schema is released under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International and is a product of the HED Working Group. The DOI for the latest version of the HED standard schema is 10.5281/zenodo.7876037. StandardEpilogue T colon digits hyphen Date-times should conform to ISO8601 date-time format YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.000000Z (year, month, day, hour (24h), minute, second, optional fractional seconds, and optional UTC time indicator. Any variation on the full form is allowed. dateTimeClass digits hyphen letters underscore Value class designating values that have the characteristics of node names. The allowed characters are alphanumeric, hyphen, and underscore. nameClass E digits e hyphen period plus Value must be a valid numerical value. numericClass colon digits letters slash Posix path specification. posixPath text Values that have the characteristics of text such as in descriptions. The text characters include printable characters (32 <= ASCII< 127) excluding comma, square bracket and curly braces as well as non ASCII (ASCII codes > 127). textClass 10.0 true SI unit multiple representing 10e1. deca 10.0 true SI unit multiple representing 10e1. da 100.0 true SI unit multiple representing 10e2. hecto 100.0 true SI unit multiple representing 10e2. h 1000.0 true SI unit multiple representing 10e3. kilo 1000.0 true SI unit multiple representing 10e3. k 10e6 true SI unit multiple representing 10e6. mega 10e6 true SI unit multiple representing 10e6. M 10e9 true SI unit multiple representing 10e9. giga 10e9 true SI unit multiple representing 10e9. G 10e12 true SI unit multiple representing 10e12. tera 10e12 true SI unit multiple representing 10e12. T 10e15 true SI unit multiple representing 10e15. peta 10e15 true SI unit multiple representing 10e15. P 10e18 true SI unit multiple representing 10e18. exa 10e18 true SI unit multiple representing 10e18. E 10e21 true SI unit multiple representing 10e21. zetta 10e21 true SI unit multiple representing 10e21. Z 10e24 true SI unit multiple representing 10e24. yotta 10e24 true SI unit multiple representing 10e24. Y 0.1 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-1. deci 0.1 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-1. d 0.01 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-2. centi 0.01 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-2. c 0.001 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-3. milli 0.001 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-3. m 10e-6 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-6. micro 10e-6 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-6. u 10e-9 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-9. nano 10e-9 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-9. n 10e-12 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-12. pico 10e-12 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-12. p 10e-15 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-15. femto 10e-15 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-15. f 10e-18 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-18. atto 10e-18 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-18. a 10e-21 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-21. zepto 10e-21 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-21. z 10e-24 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-24. yocto 10e-24 true SI unit submultiple representing 10e-24. y accelerationUnits angleUnits areaUnits Units indicating the worth of something. currencyUnits electricPotentialUnits frequencyUnits intensityUnits jerkUnits magneticFieldUnits memorySizeUnits physicalLengthUnits speedUnits temperatureUnits timeUnits volumeUnits weightUnits caret 1.0 true true m-per-s^2 1.0 true radian 1.0 true true rad 0.0174533 degree caret 1.0 true true m^2 1.0 dollar dollar 1.0 true true $ The official currency of a large subset of member countries of the European Union. euro An arbitrary unit of value, usually an integer indicating reward or penalty. point 0.000001 true true V 0.000001 true volt 1.0 true hertz 1.0 true true Hz 1.0 true Intensity expressed as ratio to a threshold. May be used for sound intensity. dB true Units used to express light intensity. candela true true Units used to express light intensity. cd caret 1.0 true m-per-s^3 10e-15 true tesla 10e-15 true true T 1.0 true byte 1.0 true true B 0.3048 foot 0.0254 inch 1.0 true meter 1.0 true metre 1.0 true true m 1609.34 mile 1.0 true true m-per-s 0.44704 true mph 0.277778 true kph 1.0 true degree-Celsius 1.0 8.2.0 true Units are not allowed to have spaces. Use degree-Celsius or oC instead. degree Celsius 1.0 true true oC 1.0 true second 1.0 true true s 86400 day 60 minute 3600 Should be in 24-hour format. hour Years do not have a constant conversion factor to seconds. year caret 1.0 true true m^3 1.0 true true g 1.0 true gram 453.592 pound 453.592 lb 1.0 Added as a direct unit because it is the default unit. uV month Something that happens at a given time and (typically) place. Elements of this tag subtree designate the general category in which an event falls. Event Something perceivable by the participant. An event meant to be an experimental stimulus should include the tag Task-property/Task-event-role/Experimental-stimulus. Sensory-event Any action engaged in by an agent (see the Agent subtree for agent categories). A participant response to an experiment stimulus should include the tag Agent-property/Agent-task-role/Experiment-participant. Agent-action An event marking the occurrence of a data feature such as an interictal spike or alpha burst that is often added post hoc to the data record. Data-feature An event pertaining to the physical control of the experiment during its operation. Experiment-control An event indicating an experimental procedure, as in performing a saliva swab during the experiment or administering a survey. Experiment-procedure An event specifying a change-point of the structure of experiment. This event is typically used to indicate a change in experimental conditions or tasks. Experiment-structure A discrete measure returned by an instrument. Measurement-event Someone or something that takes an active role or produces a specified effect.The role or effect may be implicit. Being alive or performing an activity such as a computation may qualify something to be an agent. An agent may also be something that simulates something else. Agent An agent that is an animal. Animal-agent An agent associated with an icon or avatar representing another agent. Avatar-agent Experiment control software or hardware. Controller-agent A person who takes an active role or produces a specified effect. Human-agent An agent mechanical device capable of performing a variety of often complex tasks on command or by being programmed in advance. Robotic-agent An agent computer program that interacts with the participant in an active role such as an AI advisor. Software-agent true Do something. Action Action conveying knowledge of or about something. Communicate Communicate non-verbally using visible bodily actions, either in place of speech or together and in parallel with spoken words. Gestures include movement of the hands, face, or other parts of the body. Communicate-gesturally Strike the palms of against one another resoundingly, and usually repeatedly, especially to express approval. Clap-hands Cough slightly so as to speak more clearly, attract attention, or to express hesitancy before saying something awkward. Clear-throat Express disapproval, displeasure, or concentration, typically by turning down the corners of the mouth. Frown Make a twisted expression, typically expressing disgust, pain, or wry amusement. Grimace Tilt head in alternating up and down arcs along the sagittal plane. It is most commonly, but not universally, used to indicate agreement, acceptance, or acknowledgement. Nod-head Raise with fist clenched in triumph or affirmation. Pump-fist Move eyebrows upward. Raise-eyebrows Clench hand into a fist and shake to demonstrate anger. Shake-fist Turn head from side to side as a way of showing disagreement or refusal. Shake-head Place finger over lips and possibly uttering the syllable shhh to indicate the need to be quiet. Shhh Lift shoulders up towards head to indicate a lack of knowledge about a particular topic. Shrug Form facial features into a pleased, kind, or amused expression, typically with the corners of the mouth turned up and the front teeth exposed. Smile Spread hands apart to indicate ignorance. Spread-hands Extend the thumb upward to indicate approval. Thumb-up Extend the thumb downward to indicate disapproval. Thumbs-down Raise hand and move left and right, as a greeting or sign of departure. Wave Open eyes and possibly with eyebrows lifted especially to express surprise or fear. Widen-eyes Close and open one eye quickly, typically to indicate that something is a joke or a secret or as a signal of affection or greeting. Wink Communicate using music. Communicate-musically Make a low, steady continuous sound like that of a bee. Sing with the lips closed and without uttering speech. Hum Make musical sounds using an instrument. Play-instrument Produce musical tones by means of the voice. Sing Utter vocal sounds. Vocalize Produce a shrill clear sound by forcing breath out or air in through the puckered lips. Whistle Communicate using mouth or vocal cords. Communicate-vocally Shed tears associated with emotions, usually sadness but also joy or frustration. Cry Make a deep inarticulate sound in response to pain or despair. Groan Make the spontaneous sounds and movements of the face and body that are the instinctive expressions of lively amusement and sometimes also of contempt or derision. Laugh Make loud, vociferous cries or yells to express pain, excitement, or fear. Scream Say something very loudly. Shout Emit a long, deep, audible breath expressing sadness, relief, tiredness, or a similar feeling. Sigh Communicate using spoken language. Speak Speak very softly using breath without vocal cords. Whisper Move in a specified direction or manner. Change position or posture. Move Inhale or exhale during respiration. Breathe Expel air through pursed lips. Blow Suddenly and audibly expel air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. Cough Blow out or expel breath. Exhale Involuntarily spasm the diaphragm and respiratory organs, with a sudden closure of the glottis and a characteristic sound like that of a cough. Hiccup Interrupt normal breathing by ceasing to inhale or exhale. Hold-breath Draw in with the breath through the nose or mouth. Inhale Suddenly and violently expel breath through the nose and mouth. Sneeze Draw in air audibly through the nose to detect a smell, to stop it from running, or to express contempt. Sniff Move entire body. Move-body Move body in a bowed or curved manner. Bend Perform a purposefully selected sequences of human movement often with aesthetic or symbolic value. Move rhythmically to music, typically following a set sequence of steps. Dance Lose balance and collapse. Fall-down Cause a muscle to stand out by contracting or tensing it. Bend a limb or joint. Flex Make a quick, sharp, sudden movement. Jerk Move to a horizontal or resting position. Lie-down Return to a stable, upright body position. Recover-balance Tremble convulsively, sometimes as a result of fear or revulsion. Shudder Move from a standing to a sitting position. Sit-down Move from lying down to a sitting position. Sit-up Move from a sitting to a standing position. Stand-up Straighten or extend body or a part of body to its full length, typically so as to tighten muscles or in order to reach something. Stretch Trip or momentarily lose balance and almost fall. Stumble Change or cause to change direction. Turn Move one part of a body. Move-body-part Move eyes. Move-eyes Shut and open the eyes quickly. Blink Lower and keep eyelids in a closed position. Close-eyes Direct eyes to a specific point or target. Fixate Purposely prevent blinking. Inhibit-blinks Raise eyelids to expose pupil. Open-eyes Move eyes rapidly between fixation points. Saccade Squeeze one or both eyes partly closed in an attempt to see more clearly or as a reaction to strong light. Squint Look fixedly or vacantly at someone or something with eyes wide open. Stare Move the face or jaw. Move-face Seize with teeth or jaws an object or organism so as to grip or break the surface covering. Bite Noisily release air from the stomach through the mouth. Belch. Burp Repeatedly grinding, tearing, and or crushing with teeth or jaws. Chew Make a hollow bubbling sound like that made by water running out of a bottle. Gurgle Cause or allow something, especially food or drink to pass down the throat. Swallow Swallow quickly or in large mouthfuls, often audibly, sometimes to indicate apprehension. Gulp Take a deep involuntary inhalation with the mouth open often as a sign of drowsiness or boredom. Yawn Move head. Move-head Tilt head back lifting chin. Lift-head Move head downward so that eyes are in a lower position. Lower-head Rotate head horizontally to look in a different direction. Turn-head Move leg and/or foot. Move-lower-extremity Bend toes sometimes to grip. Curl-toes Jump on one foot. Hop Run at a trot to exercise. Jog Move off the ground or other surface through sudden muscular effort in the legs. Jump Strike out or flail with the foot or feet.Strike using the leg, in unison usually with an area of the knee or lower using the foot. Kick Move by working the pedals of a bicycle or other machine. Pedal Move by pressing foot. Press-foot Travel on foot at a fast pace. Run Put one leg in front of the other and shift weight onto it. Step Strike the ground with the heel during a step. Heel-strike Push with toe as part of a stride. Toe-off Run at a moderate pace, typically with short steps. Trot Move at a regular pace by lifting and setting down each foot in turn never having both feet off the ground at once. Walk Move body trunk. Move-torso Move arm, shoulder, and/or hand. Move-upper-extremity Let or cause to fall vertically. Drop Seize suddenly or quickly. Snatch or clutch. Grab Seize and hold firmly. Grasp Prevent someone or something from moving by holding them firmly. Hold-down Raising something to higher position. Lift Close hand tightly with the fingers bent against the palm. Make-fist Draw attention to something by extending a finger or arm. Point Apply pressure to something to flatten, shape, smooth or depress it. This action tag should be used to indicate key presses and mouse clicks. Press Apply force in order to move something away. Use Press to indicate a key press or mouse click. Push Stretch out your arm in order to get or touch something. Reach Make available or set free. Release Draw or pull back. Retract Drag claws or nails over a surface or on skin. Scratch Make a noise by pushing second finger hard against thumb and then releasing it suddenly so that it hits the base of the thumb. Snap-fingers Come into or be in contact with. Touch Produce an internal, conscious image through stimulating a sensory system. Perceive Give attention to a sound. Hear Direct gaze toward someone or something or in a specified direction. See Sense something through receptors in the skin. Sense-by-touch Inhale in order to ascertain an odor or scent. Smell Sense a flavor in the mouth and throat on contact with a substance. Taste Carry out or accomplish an action, task, or function. Perform Act as to blocked against entry or passage. Close Hit with force when moving. Collide-with Bring or come to an abrupt stop. Halt Change something. Modify Widen an aperture, door, or gap, especially one allowing access to something. Open Control the functioning of a machine, process, or system. Operate Engage in activity for enjoyment and recreation rather than a serious or practical purpose. Play Interpret something that is written or printed. Read Make do or perform again. Repeat Be inactive in order to regain strength, health, or energy. Rest Ride on an animal or in a vehicle. Ride conveys some notion that another agent has partial or total control of the motion. Ride Communicate or express by means of letters or symbols written or imprinted on a surface. Write Direct the mind toward someone or something or use the mind actively to form connected ideas. Think Allow access to something such as allowing a car to pass. Allow Focus mental experience on specific targets. Attend-to Tally items either silently or aloud. Count Refuse to give or grant something requested or desired by someone. Deny Discover or identify the presence or existence of something. Detect Recognize a distinction. Discriminate Convert information or an instruction into a particular form. Encode Escape or avoid, especially by cleverness or trickery. Evade Cause something, especially an emotion or situation to arise or come about. Generate Establish or indicate who or what someone or something is. Identify Form a mental image or concept of something. Imagine Evaluate evidence to make a decision or form a belief. Judge Adaptively change behavior as the result of experience. Learn Adaptively change behavior as the result of experience. Memorize Think about the activities required to achieve a desired goal. Plan Say or estimate that something will happen or will be a consequence of something without having exact information. Predict Remember information by mental effort. Recall Identify someone or something from having encountered them before. Recognize React to something such as a treatment or a stimulus. Respond Transfer attention from one focus to another. Switch-attention Follow a person, animal, or object through space or time. Track true An independently existing thing (living or nonliving). Item An entity that is biological, that is related to living organisms. Biological-item A biological structure, system, fluid or other substance excluding single molecular entities. Anatomical-item The biological structure representing an organism. Body Any part of an organism. Body-part The upper part of the human body, or the front or upper part of the body of an animal, typically separated from the rest of the body by a neck, and containing the brain, mouth, and sense organs. Head Organ inside the head that is made up of nerve cells and controls the body. Brain Frontal-lobe Occipital-lobe Parietal-lobe Temporal-lobe A sense organ needed for the detection of sound and for establishing balance. Ear The anterior portion of the head extending from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear. The facial structures contain the eyes, nose and mouth, cheeks and jaws. Face The fleshy part of the face bounded by the eyes, nose, ear, and jawline. Cheek The part of the face below the lower lip and including the protruding part of the lower jaw. Chin The organ of sight or vision. Eye The arched strip of hair on the bony ridge above each eye socket. Eyebrow The folds of the skin that cover the eye when closed. Eyelid The part of the face between the eyebrows and the normal hairline. Forehead Fleshy fold which surrounds the opening of the mouth. Lip The proximal portion of the digestive tract, containing the oral cavity and bounded by the oral opening. Mouth A structure of special sense serving as an organ of the sense of smell and as an entrance to the respiratory tract. Nose The hard bone-like structures in the jaws. A collection of teeth arranged in some pattern in the mouth or other part of the body. Teeth The filamentous outgrowth of the epidermis. Hair Refers to the whole inferior limb (leg and/or foot). Lower-extremity A gliding joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the proximal end of the talus. Ankle The fleshy part at the back of the leg below the knee. Calf The structure found below the ankle joint required for locomotion. Foot The largest toe on the inner side of the foot. Big-toe The back of the foot below the ankle. Heel The part of the foot between the ball and the heel on the inner side. Instep The smallest toe located on the outer side of the foot. Little-toe The terminal digits of the foot. Used to describe collective attributes of all toes, such as bending all toes Toes A joint connecting the lower part of the femur with the upper part of the tibia. Knee Front part of the leg below the knee. Shin Upper part of the leg between hip and knee. Thigh The body excluding the head and neck and limbs. Torso The round fleshy parts that form the lower rear area of a human trunk. Buttocks 8.1.0 The external organs of reproduction. Deprecated due to spelling error. Use Genitalia. Gentalia The lateral prominence of the pelvis from the waist to the thigh. Hip The rear surface of the human body from the shoulders to the hips. Torso-back The anterior side of the thorax from the neck to the abdomen. Torso-chest Internal organs of the body. Viscera The abdominal circumference at the navel. Waist Refers to the whole superior limb (shoulder, arm, elbow, wrist, hand). Upper-extremity A type of hinge joint located between the forearm and upper arm. Elbow Lower part of the arm between the elbow and wrist. Forearm The distal portion of the upper extremity. It consists of the carpus, metacarpus, and digits. Hand Any of the digits of the hand. Finger The second finger from the radial side of the hand, next to the thumb. Index-finger The fifth and smallest finger from the radial side of the hand. Little-finger The middle or third finger from the radial side of the hand. Middle-finger The fourth finger from the radial side of the hand. Ring-finger The thick and short hand digit which is next to the index finger in humans. Thumb A part of a finger at a joint where the bone is near the surface, especially where the finger joins the hand. Knuckles The part of the inner surface of the hand that extends from the wrist to the bases of the fingers. Palm Joint attaching upper arm to trunk. Shoulder Portion of arm between shoulder and elbow. Upper-arm A joint between the distal end of the radius and the proximal row of carpal bones. Wrist A living entity, more specifically a biological entity that consists of one or more cells and is capable of genomic replication (independently or not). Organism A living organism that has membranous cell walls, requires oxygen and organic foods, and is capable of voluntary movement. Animal The bipedal primate mammal Homo sapiens. Human Any living organism that typically synthesizes its food from inorganic substances and possesses cellulose cell walls. Plant An entity related to a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds, symbols, or gestures. Language-item A mark or symbol used in writing. Character A unit of grammatical organization next below the sentence in rank, usually consisting of a subject and predicate. Clause A hieroglyphic character, symbol, or pictograph. Glyph An unpronounceable group of letters or speech sounds that is surrounded by white space when written, is not accepted as a word by native speakers. Nonword A distinct section of a piece of writing, usually dealing with a single theme. Paragraph Any of the minimally distinct units of sound in a specified language that distinguish one word from another. Phoneme A phrase is a group of words functioning as a single unit in the syntax of a sentence. Phrase A pronounceable group of letters or speech sounds that looks or sounds like a word but that is not accepted as such by native speakers. Pseudoword A set of words that is complete in itself, conveying a statement, question, exclamation, or command and typically containing an explicit or implied subject and a predicate containing a finite verb. Sentence A unit of pronunciation having a vowel or consonant sound, with or without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or a part of a word. Syllable A block of text. Textblock A single distinct meaningful element of speech or writing, used with others (or sometimes alone) to form a sentence and typically surrounded by white space when written or printed. Word Something perceptible by one or more of the senses, especially by vision or touch. A material thing. Object An object or a representation that has structure and topology in space. Geometric-object A planar, two-dimensional shape. 2D-shape A shape with a pointed end indicating direction. Arrow The dial face of a clock. A location identifier based on clock-face-position numbering or anatomic subregion. Clockface A figure or mark formed by two intersecting lines crossing at their midpoints. Cross A horizontal stroke in writing or printing to mark a pause or break in sense or to represent omitted letters or words. Dash A closed plane curve resulting from the intersection of a circular cone and a plane cutting completely through it, especially a plane not parallel to the base. Ellipse A ring-shaped structure with every point equidistant from the center. Circle A parallelogram with four right angles. Rectangle A square is a special rectangle with four equal sides. Square A point is a geometric entity that is located in a zero-dimensional spatial region and whose position is defined by its coordinates in some coordinate system. Single-point A conventional or stylized representation of a star, typically one having five or more points. Star A three-sided polygon. Triangle A geometric three-dimensional shape. 3D-shape A square or rectangular vessel, usually made of cardboard or plastic. Box A solid or semi-solid in the shape of a three dimensional square. Cube A shape whose base is a circle and whose sides taper up to a point. Cone A surface formed by circles of a given radius that are contained in a plane perpendicular to a given axis, whose centers align on the axis. Cylinder A closed plane curve resulting from the intersection of a circular cone and a plane cutting completely through it, especially a plane not parallel to the base. Ellipsoid A solid or hollow three-dimensional object bounded by a closed surface such that every point on the surface is equidistant from the center. Sphere A polyhedron of which one face is a polygon of any number of sides, and the other faces are triangles with a common vertex. Pyramid An arrangement of objects, facts, behaviors, or other things which have scientific, mathematical, geometric, statistical, or other meaning. Pattern A small round mark or spot. Dots A pattern created by lighting selected members of a fixed light emitting diode array. LED-pattern Something that can be taken into the body by the mouth for digestion or absorption. Ingestible-object Something constructed by human means. Man-made-object A structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place. Building A room or a space immediately below the roof of a building. Attic The part of a building that is wholly or partly below ground level. Basement The means or place of entry. Entrance A roof is the covering on the uppermost part of a building which provides protection from animals and weather, notably rain, but also heat, wind and sunlight. Roof An area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling. Room A covering designed to be worn on the body. Clothing An object contrived for a specific purpose. Device A device that help an individual accomplish a task. Assistive-device Frames with lenses worn in front of the eye for vision correction, eye protection, or protection from UV rays. Glasses A device used for writing. Writing-device A common writing instrument used to apply ink to a surface for writing or drawing. Pen An implement for writing or drawing that is constructed of a narrow solid pigment core in a protective casing that prevents the core from being broken or marking the hand. Pencil An electronic device which take inputs and processes results from the inputs. Computing-device A telephone with access to a cellular radio system so it can be used over a wide area, without a physical connection to a network. Cellphone A computer suitable for use at an ordinary desk. Desktop-computer A computer that is portable and suitable for use while traveling. Laptop-computer A small portable computer that accepts input directly on to its screen rather than via a keyboard or mouse. Tablet-computer A motor is a machine designed to convert one or more forms of energy into mechanical energy. Engine Hardware used by a human (or other system) to communicate with a computer. IO-device A piece of equipment used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer or information appliance. Input-device A hand-held pointing device that detects two-dimensional motion relative to a surface. Computer-mouse An electric switch on a computer mouse which can be pressed or clicked to select or interact with an element of a graphical user interface. Mouse-button A scroll wheel or mouse wheel is a wheel used for scrolling made of hard plastic with a rubbery surface usually located between the left and right mouse buttons and is positioned perpendicular to the mouse surface. Scroll-wheel A control device that uses a movable handle to create two-axis input for a computer device. Joystick A device consisting of mechanical keys that are pressed to create input to a computer. Keyboard A button on a keyboard usually representing letters, numbers, functions, or symbols. Keyboard-key Value of a keyboard key. true Keyboard-key-# A device consisting of keys, usually in a block arrangement, that provides limited input to a system. Keypad A key on a separate section of a computer keyboard that groups together numeric keys and those for mathematical or other special functions in an arrangement like that of a calculator. Keypad-key Value of keypad key. true Keypad-key-# A device designed to convert sound to an electrical signal. Microphone A switch designed to be operated by pressing a button. Push-button Any piece of computer hardware equipment which converts information into human understandable form. Output-device A device designed to produce sound. Auditory-device An instrument that consists of a pair of small loudspeakers, or less commonly a single speaker, held close to ears and connected to a signal source such as an audio amplifier, radio, CD player or portable media player. Headphones A device designed to convert electrical signals to sounds that can be heard. Loudspeaker An output device for presentation of information in visual or tactile form the latter used for example in tactile electronic displays for blind people. Display-device An electronic device designed as a display or a physical device designed to be a protective mesh work. Computer-screen A part of a computer screen that contains a display different from the rest of the screen. A window is a graphical control element consisting of a visual area containing some of the graphical user interface of the program it belongs to and is framed by a window decoration. Screen-window An instrument that functions as a display device, worn on the head or as part of a helmet, that has a small display optic in front of one (monocular HMD) or each eye (binocular HMD). Head-mounted-display A LED display is a flat panel display that uses an array of light-emitting diodes as pixels for a video display. LED-display A device that copies information in a signal into a persistent information bearer. Recording-device A device for recording electric currents in the brain using electrodes applied to the scalp, to the surface of the brain, or placed within the substance of the brain. EEG-recorder A device for recording digital information to a permanent media. File-storage A device for measuring the magnetic fields produced by electrical activity in the brain, usually conducted externally. MEG-recorder A device for recording the movement of objects or people. Motion-capture A device for recording and reproduction usually using magnetic tape for storage that can be saved and played back. Tape-recorder A control component that operates an electronic device by pressing the display on the screen. Touchscreen A human-made device that uses power to apply forces and control movement to perform an action. Machine A device that measures something. Measurement-device A device designed to indicate the time of day or to measure the time duration of an event or action. Clock 8.2.0 A location identifier based on clock-face numbering or anatomic subregion. Replaced by Clock-face-position. Clock-face A mechanical device that sometimes resembles a living animal and is capable of performing a variety of often complex human tasks on command or by being programmed in advance. Robot A component that is not part of a device but is designed to support its assembly or operation. Tool A physical object, or electronic counterpart, that is characterized by containing writing which is meant to be human-readable. Document A volume made up of pages fastened along one edge and enclosed between protective covers. Book A written message addressed to a person or organization. Letter A brief written record. Note A book for notes or memoranda. Notebook A document consisting of questions and possibly responses, depending on whether it has been filled out. Questionnaire Furniture, fittings, and other decorative accessories, such as curtains and carpets, for a house or room. Furnishing Substances created or extracted from raw materials. Manufactured-material A hard, brittle, heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant material made by shaping and then firing a nonmetallic mineral, such as clay, at a high temperature. Ceramic A brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure. Glass A thin sheet material produced by mechanically or chemically processing cellulose fibres derived from wood, rags, grasses or other vegetable sources in water. Paper Various high-molecular-weight thermoplastic or thermo-setting polymers that are capable of being molded, extruded, drawn, or otherwise shaped and then hardened into a form. Plastic An alloy made up of iron with typically a few tenths of a percent of carbon to improve its strength and fracture resistance compared to iron. Steel Media are audio/visual/audiovisual modes of communicating information for mass consumption. Media A short segment of media. Media-clip A short segment of audio. Audio-clip A short media segment containing both audio and video. Audiovisual-clip A short segment of video. Video-clip An planned process that creates images, diagrams or animations from the input data. Visualization A form of graphical illustration that changes with time to give a sense of motion or represent dynamic changes in the portrayal. Animation A large-scale, mixed-media constructions, often designed for a specific place or for a temporary period of time. Art-installation A display using a system of raised dots that can be read with the fingers by people who are blind. Braille Any record of an imaging event whether physical or electronic. Image A type of illustration, sometimes animated, typically in a non-realistic or semi-realistic style. The specific meaning has evolved over time, but the modern usage usually refers to either an image or series of images intended for satire, caricature, or humor. A motion picture that relies on a sequence of illustrations for its animation. Cartoon A representation of an object or outlining a figure, plan, or sketch by means of lines. Drawing A sign (such as a word or graphic symbol) whose form suggests its meaning. Icon A work produced through the art of painting. Painting An image recorded by a camera. Photograph A sequence of images displayed in succession giving the illusion of continuous movement. Movie A visualization consisting of a line or set of lines enclosing or indicating the shape of an object in a sketch or diagram. Outline-visualization A display in which action is depicted using a few points of light, often generated from discrete sensors in motion capture. Point-light-visualization A two- or three-dimensional representative or abstract forms, especially by carving stone or wood or by casting metal or plaster. Sculpture A drawing showing the head of a human being or animal as a circle and all other parts as straight lines. Stick-figure-visualization An object whose purpose is to assist directed movement from one location to another. Navigational-object A trodden way. A way or track laid down for walking or made by continual treading. Path An open way for the passage of vehicles, persons, or animals on land. Road A defined path with physical dimensions through which an object or substance may traverse. Lane A paved strip of ground on a landing field for the landing and takeoff of aircraft. Runway A mobile machine which transports people or cargo. Vehicle A vehicle which is able to travel through air in an atmosphere. Aircraft A human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. Bicycle A watercraft of any size which is able to float or plane on water. Boat A wheeled motor vehicle used primarily for the transportation of human passengers. Car A cart is a vehicle which has two wheels and is designed to transport human passengers or cargo. Cart A mobile machine specifically designed to deliver a high tractive effort at slow speeds, and mainly used for the purposes of hauling a trailer or machinery used in agriculture or construction. Tractor A connected line of railroad cars with or without a locomotive. Train A motor vehicle which, as its primary function, transports cargo rather than human passengers. Truck Something that exists in or is produced by nature, and is not artificial or man-made. Natural-object A solid, homogeneous, inorganic substance occurring in nature and having a definite chemical composition. Mineral A feature that occurs in nature. A prominent or identifiable aspect, region, or site of interest. Natural-feature An unbroken expanse as of ice or grassland. Field A rounded elevation of limited extent rising above the surrounding land with local relief of less than 300m. Hill A landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. Mountain A natural freshwater surface stream of considerable volume and a permanent or seasonal flow, moving in a definite channel toward a sea, lake, or another river. River A sudden descent of water over a step or ledge in the bed of a river. Waterfall Mechanical vibrations transmitted by an elastic medium. Something that can be heard. Sound Sounds occurring in the environment. An accumulation of noise pollution that occurs outside. This noise can be caused by transport, industrial, and recreational activities. Environmental-sound Noise produced by a mixture of sounds from a large group of people. Crowd-sound Any part of a signal that is not the true or original signal but is introduced by the communication mechanism. Signal-noise Sound produced by continuous and regular vibrations, as opposed to noise. Musical-sound Sound produced by a musical instrument. Instrument-sound A musical note, warble, or other sound used as a particular signal on a telephone or answering machine. Tone Musical sound produced by vocal cords in a biological agent. Vocalized-sound A sound recognizable as being associated with particular animals. Named-animal-sound Sharp explosive cries like sounds made by certain animals, especially a dog, fox, or seal. Barking Wavering cries like sounds made by a sheep, goat, or calf. Bleating Short, sharp, high-pitched noises like sounds made by small birds or an insects. Chirping Loud shrill sounds characteristic of roosters. Crowing Low guttural sounds like those that made in the throat by a hostile dog or other animal. Growling Vocalizations like those made by as those cats. These sounds have diverse tones and are sometimes chattered, murmured or whispered. The purpose can be assertive. Meowing Deep vocal sounds like those made by a cow. Mooing Low continuous vibratory sound such as those made by cats. The sound expresses contentment. Purring Loud, deep, or harsh prolonged sounds such as those made by big cats and bears for long-distance communication and intimidation. Roaring Loud, harsh noises such as those made by geese. Squawking A sound identifiable as coming from a particular type of object. Named-object-sound A loud signal often loud continuous ringing to alert people to a problem or condition that requires urgent attention. Alarm-sound A short, single tone, that is typically high-pitched and generally made by a computer or other machine. Beep A persistent vibratory sound often made by a buzzer device and used to indicate something incorrect. Buzz The sound made by a mechanical cash register, often to designate a reward. Click A short ringing sound such as that made by a bell, often to indicate a correct response or the expiration of time. Ding A loud sound made by forcing air through a sound device that funnels air to create the sound, often used to sound an alert. Horn-blow The sound made by a mechanical cash register, often to designate a reward. Ka-ching A loud, continuous sound often varying in frequency designed to indicate an emergency. Siren true Something that pertains to a thing. A characteristic of some entity. A quality or feature regarded as a characteristic or inherent part of someone or something. HED attributes are adjectives or adverbs. Property Something that pertains to or describes an agent. Agent-property The state of the agent. Agent-state The state of the cognitive processes or state of mind of the agent. Agent-cognitive-state Condition of heightened watchfulness or preparation for action. Alert Having lost sensation to pain or having senses dulled due to the effects of an anesthetic. Anesthetized Having entered a periodic, readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity, usually accompanied by physical relaxation and brain activity. Asleep Concentrating and focusing mental energy on the task or surroundings. Attentive In a non sleeping state. Awake Characterized by the irreversible absence of cortical and brain stem functioning. Brain-dead In a state of profound unconsciousness associated with markedly depressed cerebral activity. Comatose Lacking in concentration because of being preoccupied. Distracted In a state of near-sleep, a strong desire for sleep, or sleeping for unusually long periods. Drowsy In a state with disturbed psychophysiological functions and responses as a result of administration or ingestion of a psychoactive substance. Intoxicated In a state of complete paralysis of all voluntary muscles except for the ones that control the movements of the eyes. Locked-in Not responding or initiating an action in response to a stimulus. Passive A state in which the agent is not exhibiting any physical exertion. Resting A state of wakefulness and conscience, but (in contrast to coma) with involuntary opening of the eyes and movements (such as teeth grinding, yawning, or thrashing of the extremities). Vegetative The status of the general temperament and outlook of an agent. Agent-emotional-state Experiencing emotions characterized by marked annoyance or hostility. Angry In a state reactive to stimuli leading to increased heart rate and blood pressure, sensory alertness, mobility and readiness to respond. Aroused Filled with wonder. Feeling grand, sublime or powerful emotions characterized by a combination of joy, fear, admiration, reverence, and/or respect. Awed Feeling or showing sympathy and concern for others often evoked for a person who is in distress and associated with altruistic motivation. Compassionate Feeling satisfaction with things as they are. Content Feeling revulsion or profound disapproval aroused by something unpleasant or offensive. Disgusted Feeling neither satisfied nor dissatisfied. Emotionally-neutral Understanding and sharing the feelings of another. Being aware of, being sensitive to, and vicariously experiencing the feelings, thoughts, and experience of another. Empathetic Feeling great enthusiasm and eagerness. Excited Feeling apprehension that one may be in danger. Fearful Feeling annoyed as a result of being blocked, thwarted, disappointed or defeated. Frustrated Feeling sorrow in response to loss, whether physical or abstract. Grieving Feeling pleased and content. Happy Feeling threatened by a rival in a relationship with another individual, in particular an intimate partner, usually involves feelings of threat, fear, suspicion, distrust, anxiety, anger, betrayal, and rejection. Jealous Feeling delight or intense happiness. Joyful Feeling a strong positive emotion of affection and attraction. Loving No longer feeling pain, distress,anxiety, or reassured. Relieved Feeling grief or unhappiness. Sad Experiencing mental or emotional strain or tension. Stressed Having to do with the mechanical, physical, or biochemical function of an agent. Agent-physiological-state Having no significant health-related issues. Healthy Being in a state of craving or desiring food. Hungry Feeling refreshed and relaxed. Rested Feeling full. Sated Being in a state of ill health, bodily malfunction, or discomfort. Sick Feeling a need to drink. Thirsty Feeling in need of sleep or rest. Tired Pertaining to the position in which agent holds their body. Agent-postural-state Adopting a position where the knees are bent and the upper body is brought forward and down, sometimes to avoid detection or to defend oneself. Crouching Keeping eyes closed with no blinking. Eyes-closed Keeping eyes open with occasional blinking. Eyes-open Positioned where one or both knees are on the ground. Kneeling Ambulation on an exercise apparatus with an endless moving belt to support moving in place. On-treadmill Positioned in a recumbent body position whereby the person lies on its stomach and faces downward. Prone Using a device that supports the chin and head. Seated-with-chin-rest In a seated position. Sitting Assuming or maintaining an erect upright position. Standing The function or part that is ascribed to an agent in performing the task. Agent-task-role An agent who plays a predetermined role to create the experiment scenario. Experiment-actor An agent exerting control over some aspect of the experiment. Experiment-controller Someone who takes part in an activity related to an experiment. Experiment-participant Person who is the owner of the experiment and has its responsibility. Experimenter A genetically, environmentally, or socially determined characteristic of an agent. Agent-trait Length of time elapsed time since birth of the agent. Age true Age-# Amount of skill or knowledge that the agent has as pertains to the task. Agent-experience-level Having comprehensive and authoritative knowledge of or skill in a particular area related to the task. Expert-level Having a moderate amount of knowledge or skill related to the task. Intermediate-experience-level Being inexperienced in a field or situation related to the task. Novice-level Belong to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition. Use with Label to avoid extension. Ethnicity Characteristics that are socially constructed, including norms, behaviors, and roles based on sex. Gender Individual preference for use of a hand, known as the dominant hand. Handedness Having no overall dominance in the use of right or left hand or foot in the performance of tasks that require one hand or foot. Ambidextrous Preference for using the left hand or foot for tasks requiring the use of a single hand or foot. Left-handed Preference for using the right hand or foot for tasks requiring the use of a single hand or foot. Right-handed Belonging to a group sharing physical or social qualities as defined within a specified society. Use with Label to avoid extension. Race Physical properties or qualities by which male is distinguished from female. Sex Biological sex of an individual with female sexual organs such ova. Female Having genitalia and/or secondary sexual characteristics of indeterminate sex. Intersex Biological sex of an individual with male sexual organs producing sperm. Male A non-specific designation of sexual traits. Other-sex true Something that pertains to data or information. Data-property An anomalous, interfering, or distorting signal originating from a source other than the item being studied. Data-artifact A data artifact arising from a biological entity being measured. Biological-artifact Artifact from moving the jaw in a chewing motion. Chewing-artifact An electrical artifact from the far-field potential from pulsation of the heart, time locked to QRS complex. ECG-artifact Artifact from muscle activity and myogenic potentials at the measurements site. In EEG, myogenic potentials are the most common artifacts. Frontalis and temporalis muscles (e.g. clenching of jaw muscles) are common causes. Generally, the potentials generated in the muscles are of shorter duration than those generated in the brain. The frequency components are usually beyond 30-50 Hz, and the bursts are arrhythmic. EMG-artifact Ocular movements and blinks can result in artifacts in different types of data. In electrophysiology data, these can result transients and offsets the signal. Eye-artifact Artifact from eye blinking. In EEG, Fp1/Fp2 electrodes become electro-positive with eye closure because the cornea is positively charged causing a negative deflection in Fp1/Fp2. If the eye blink is unilateral, consider prosthetic eye. Eye-blink-artifact Eye movements can cause artifacts on recordings. The charge of the eye can especially cause artifacts in electrophysiology data. Eye-movement-artifact Artifact from moving eyes left-to-right and right-to-left. In EEG, there is an upward deflection in the Fp2-F8 derivation, when the eyes move to the right side. In this case F8 becomes more positive and therefore. When the eyes move to the left, F7 becomes more positive and there is an upward deflection in the Fp1-F7 derivation. Horizontal-eye-movement-artifact Artifact from nystagmus (a vision condition in which the eyes make repetitive, uncontrolled movements). Nystagmus-artifact Artifacts originating from slow, rolling eye-movements, seen during drowsiness. Slow-eye-movement-artifact Artifact from moving eyes up and down. In EEG, this causes positive potentials (50-100 micro V) with bi-frontal distribution, maximum at Fp1 and Fp2, when the eyeball rotates upward. The downward rotation of the eyeball is associated with the negative deflection. The time course of the deflections is similar to the time course of the eyeball movement. Vertical-eye-movement-artifact Artifact in the measured data generated by motion of the subject. Movement-artifact A mechanical artifact from a pulsating blood vessel near a measurement site, cardio-ballistic artifact. Pulse-artifact Artifact from breathing. Respiration-artifact Quasi-rhythmical artifacts in recordings most commonly seen in infants. Typically caused by a caregiver rocking or patting the infant. Rocking-patting-artifact Artifact from sucking, typically seen in very young cases. Sucking-artifact Artifact from sweating. In EEG, this is a low amplitude undulating waveform that is usually greater than 2 seconds and may appear to be an unstable baseline. Sweat-artifact Artifact from tongue movement (Glossokinetic). The tongue functions as a dipole, with the tip negative with respect to the base. In EEG, the artifact produced by the tongue has a broad potential field that drops from frontal to occipital areas, although it is less steep than that produced by eye movement artifacts. The amplitude of the potentials is greater inferiorly than in parasagittal regions; the frequency is variable but usually in the delta range. Chewing and sucking can produce similar artifacts. Tongue-movement-artifact A data artifact arising from a non-biological source. Nonbiological-artifact Artifact stemming from mechanical ventilation. These can occur at the same rate as the ventilator, but also have other patterns. Artificial-ventilation-artifact Artifacts seen in recordings during continuous renal replacement therapy (dialysis). Dialysis-artifact Artifact from electrode movement. Electrode-movement-artifact Brief artifact with a steep rise and slow fall of an electrophysiological signal, most often caused by a loose electrode. Electrode-pops-artifact Artifacts induced by nearby equipment. In EEG, these are usually of high frequency. Induction-artifact Power line noise at 50 Hz or 60 Hz. Line-noise-artifact true Line-noise-artifact-# Artifact from salt-bridge between EEG electrodes. Salt-bridge-artifact An indicator placed to mark something. Data-marker An indicator place to indicate a gap in the data. Data-break-marker An indicator placed at a particular time in the data. Temporal-marker true true Marks an intermediate point in an ongoing event of temporal extent. Inset true true Marks the end of an event of temporal extent. Offset true true Marks the start of an ongoing event of temporal extent. Onset Indicates the temporary interruption of the operation of a process and subsequently a wait for a signal to continue. Pause A cancellation or cessation that automatically occurs when a predefined interval of time has passed without a certain event occurring. Time-out A synchronization signal whose purpose is to help synchronize different signals or processes. Often used to indicate a marker inserted into the recorded data to allow post hoc synchronization of concurrently recorded data streams. Time-sync Smallest change in a quality being measured by an sensor that causes a perceptible change. Data-resolution Resolution of a printer, usually expressed as the number of dots-per-inch for a printer. Printer-resolution true Printer-resolution-# Resolution of a screen, usually expressed as the of pixels in a dimension for a digital display device. Screen-resolution true Screen-resolution-# Resolution of measurements by a sensing device. Sensory-resolution true Sensory-resolution-# Linear spacing of a spatial measurement. Spatial-resolution true Spatial-resolution-# Measures the ability of a sensor to resolve features in the electromagnetic spectrum. Spectral-resolution true Spectral-resolution-# Measures the ability of a sensor to resolve features in time. Temporal-resolution true Temporal-resolution-# The type of place, person, or thing from which the data comes or can be obtained. Data-source-type A feature computed from the data by a tool. This tag should be grouped with a label of the form Toolname_propertyName. Computed-feature A computed extrapolation of known data. Computed-prediction An explanatory or critical comment or other in-context information provided by an authority. Expert-annotation Information obtained from a device that is used to measure material properties or make other observations. Instrument-measurement Active acquisition of information from a primary source. Should be grouped with a label of the form AgentID_featureName. Observation Designation of the type of a data item. Data-value Indicates that something can take on a limited and usually fixed number of possible values. Categorical-value Categorical values that fall into discrete classes such as true or false. The grouping is absolute in the sense that it is the same for all participants. Categorical-class-value To a complete degree or to the full or entire extent. All Free from error. Especially conforming to fact or truth. Correct Stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt. Explicit Not in accordance with facts, reality or definitive criteria. False Implied though not plainly expressed. Implicit Not allowed or not conforming to the correct format or specifications. Invalid No person or thing, nobody, not any. None At least a small amount or number of, but not a large amount of, or often. Some Conforming to facts, reality or definitive criteria. True The information has not been provided. Unknown Allowable, usable, or acceptable. Valid Inaccurate or not correct. Wrong Categorical values that are based on the judgment or perception of the participant such familiar and famous. Categorical-judgment-value Deviating in any way from the state, position, structure, condition, behavior, or rule which is considered a norm. Abnormal Lacking symmetry or having parts that fail to correspond to one another in shape, size, or arrangement. Asymmetrical A sound that can be perceived by the participant. Audible Hard, involved or complicated, elaborate, having many parts. Complex Concordance of multiple evidence lines. In agreement or harmony. Congruent Keeping something within particular limits or bounds. Constrained Not neatly arranged. Confused and untidy. A structural quality in which the parts of an object are non-rigid. Disordered Recognized, familiar, or within the scope of knowledge. Familiar A person who has a high degree of recognition by the general population for his or her success or accomplishments. A famous person. Famous A sound below the threshold of perception of the participant. Inaudible Not in agreement or harmony. Incongruent An action that is not made by choice. In the body, involuntary actions (such as blushing) occur automatically, and cannot be controlled by choice. Involuntary Information exists but is not provided or is partially obscured due to security,privacy, or other concerns. Masked Being approximately average or within certain limits. Conforming with or constituting a norm or standard or level or type or social norm. Normal Conforming to a logical or comprehensible arrangement of separate elements. Ordered Easily understood or presenting no difficulties. Simple Made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis. Showing aspects of symmetry. Symmetrical Moving without restriction. Unconstrained Not having knowledge or experience of. Unfamiliar Information is revealed. Unmasked Using free will or design; not forced or compelled; controlled by individual volition. Voluntary Categorical values based on dividing a continuous variable into levels such as high and low. Categorical-level-value Having an absence of heat. Cold Extending relatively far inward or downward. Deep Having a greater than normal degree, intensity, or amount. High Having an excess of heat. Hot Having a great extent such as in physical dimensions, period of time, amplitude or frequency. Large Situated at a sensory threshold that is barely perceptible or capable of eliciting a response. Liminal Having a perceived high intensity of sound. Loud Less than normal in degree, intensity or amount. Low Mid-way between small and large in number, quantity, magnitude or extent. Medium Involving disadvantage or harm. Negative Involving advantage or good. Positive Characterizing a perceived low intensity of sound. Quiet Having a surface with perceptible bumps, ridges, or irregularities. Rough Having a depth which is relatively low. Shallow Having a small extent such as in physical dimensions, period of time, amplitude or frequency. Small Having a surface free from bumps, ridges, or irregularities. Smooth Situated below a sensory threshold that is imperceptible or not capable of eliciting a response. Subliminal Situated above a sensory threshold that is perceptible or capable of eliciting a response. Supraliminal Wide in width, extent or cross-section. Thick Narrow in width, extent or cross-section. Thin Value indicating the location of something, primarily as an identifier rather than an expression of where the item is relative to something else. Categorical-location-value Relating to an item on the front of an agent body (from the point of view of the agent) or on the front of an object from the point of view of an agent. This pertains to the identity of an agent or a thing. Anterior Identifying the portion of an object away from the midline, particularly applied to the (anterior-posterior, superior-inferior) surface of a brain. Lateral Relating to an item on the left side of an agent body (from the point of view of the agent) or the left side of an object from the point of view of an agent. This pertains to the identity of an agent or a thing, for example (Left, Hand) as an identifier for the left hand. HED spatial relations should be used for relative positions such as (Hand, (Left-side-of, Keyboard)), which denotes the hand placed on the left side of the keyboard, which could be either the identified left hand or right hand. Left Identifying the portion of an object towards the center, particularly applied to the (anterior-posterior, superior-inferior) surface of a brain. Medial Relating to an item on the back of an agent body (from the point of view of the agent) or on the back of an object from the point of view of an agent. This pertains to the identity of an agent or a thing. Posterior Relating to an item on the right side of an agent body (from the point of view of the agent) or the right side of an object from the point of view of an agent. This pertains to the identity of an agent or a thing, for example (Right, Hand) as an identifier for the right hand. HED spatial relations should be used for relative positions such as (Hand, (Right-side-of, Keyboard)), which denotes the hand placed on the right side of the keyboard, which could be either the identified left hand or right hand. Right Value indicating the orientation or direction of something. Categorical-orientation-value Directed behind or to the rear. Backward Moving or leading toward a lower place or level. Downward At or near or directed toward the front. Forward Oriented parallel to or in the plane of the horizon. Horizontally-oriented Going toward or facing the left. Leftward Slanting or inclined in direction, course, or position that is neither parallel nor perpendicular nor right-angular. Oblique Going toward or situated on the right. Rightward Positioned offset around an axis or center. Rotated Moving, pointing, or leading to a higher place, point, or level. Upward Oriented perpendicular to the plane of the horizon. Vertically-oriented The value of some physical property of something. Physical-value A measure of hot or cold based on the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in the system. Temperature true Temperature-# The relative mass or the quantity of matter contained by something. Weight true Weight-# Something capable of being estimated or expressed with numeric values. Quantitative-value A numerical value between 0 and 1. Fraction true Fraction-# The integer count of something which is usually grouped with the entity it is counting. (Item-count/3, A) indicates that 3 of A have occurred up to this point. Item-count true Item-count-# The index of an item in a collection, sequence or other structure. (A (Item-index/3, B)) means that A is item number 3 in B. Item-index true Item-index-# An integer indicating how many items or entities have passed since the last one of these. An item interval of 0 indicates the current item. Item-interval true Item-interval-# A fraction or ratio with 100 understood as the denominator. Percentage true Percentage-# A quotient of quantities of the same kind for different components within the same system. Ratio true Ratio-# A property relating to space and/or time. Spatiotemporal-value The amount of change accumulated per unit time. Rate-of-change Magnitude of the rate of change in either speed or direction. The direction of change should be given separately. Acceleration true Acceleration-# Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time. Frequency true Frequency-# Magnitude of the rate at which the acceleration of an object changes with respect to time. The direction of change should be given separately. Jerk-rate true Jerk-rate-# The frequency with which the image on a computer monitor or similar electronic display screen is refreshed, usually expressed in hertz. Refresh-rate true Refresh-rate-# The number of digital samples taken or recorded per unit of time. Sampling-rate true Sampling-rate-# A scalar measure of the rate of movement of the object expressed either as the distance traveled divided by the time taken (average speed) or the rate of change of position with respect to time at a particular point (instantaneous speed). The direction of change should be given separately. Speed true Speed-# The number of items per unit of time. Temporal-rate true Temporal-rate-# Value of an item involving space. Spatial-value The amount of inclination of one line to another or the plane of one object to another. Angle true Angle-# A measure of the space separating two objects or points. Distance true Distance-# A reference to the alignment of an object, a particular situation or view of a situation, or the location of an object. Coordinates with respect a specified frame of reference or the default Screen-frame if no frame is given. Position The position along the x-axis of the frame of reference. X-position true X-position-# The position along the y-axis of the frame of reference. Y-position true Y-position-# The position along the z-axis of the frame of reference. Z-position true Z-position-# The physical magnitude of something. Size The extent of a 2-dimensional surface enclosed within a boundary. Area true Area-# The distance from the surface of something especially from the perspective of looking from the front. Depth true Depth-# The vertical measurement or distance from the base to the top of an object. Height true Height-# The linear extent in space from one end of something to the other end, or the extent of something from beginning to end. Length true Length-# The minimum length of paths enclosing a 2D shape. Perimeter true Perimeter-# The distance of the line from the center of a circle or a sphere to its perimeter or outer surface, respectively. Radius true Radius-# The amount of three dimensional space occupied by an object or the capacity of a space or container. Volume true Volume-# The extent or measurement of something from side to side. Width true Width-# A characteristic of or relating to time or limited by time. Temporal-value true true The time at which an event start time is delayed from the current onset time. This tag defines the start time of an event of temporal extent and may be used with the Duration tag. true Delay true Delay-# true true The period of time during which an event occurs. This tag defines the end time of an event of temporal extent and may be used with the Delay tag. true Duration true Duration-# The period of time separating two instances, events, or occurrences. Time-interval true Time-interval-# A value with units of time. Usually grouped with tags identifying what the value represents. Time-value true Time-value-# true A value based on or employing the principles of statistics. Statistical-value The largest possible quantity or degree. Data-maximum true Data-maximum-# The sum of a set of values divided by the number of values in the set. Data-mean true Data-mean-# The value which has an equal number of values greater and less than it. Data-median true Data-median-# The smallest possible quantity. Data-minimum true Data-minimum-# A measure of the expectation of the occurrence of a particular event. Probability true Probability-# A measure of the range of values in a set of numbers. Standard deviation is a statistic used as a measure of the dispersion or variation in a distribution, equal to the square root of the arithmetic mean of the squares of the deviations from the arithmetic mean. Standard-deviation true Standard-deviation-# A measure of closeness to true value expressed as a number between 0 and 1. Statistical-accuracy true Statistical-accuracy-# A quantitative representation of the degree of accuracy necessary for or associated with a particular action. Statistical-precision true Statistical-precision-# Sensitivity is a measurement datum qualifying a binary classification test and is computed by subtracting the false negative rate to the integral numeral 1. Statistical-recall true Statistical-recall-# A measure of the inherent variability of repeated observation measurements of a quantity including quantities evaluated by statistical methods and by other means. Statistical-uncertainty true Statistical-uncertainty-# An attribute describing how something changes or varies. Data-variability-attribute Marked by sudden change. Abrupt Continually recurring or continuing without interruption. Not changing in time or space. Constant Uninterrupted in time, sequence, substance, or extent. Continuous Becoming smaller or fewer in size, amount, intensity, or degree. Decreasing No randomness is involved in the development of the future states of the element. Deterministic Having a gap in time, sequence, substance, or extent. Discontinuous Constituting a separate entities or parts. Discrete Something that has been calculated or measured approximately. Estimated-value A value that is viewed to the true value according to some standard. Exact-value Moving irregularly or unsteadily or burning or shining fitfully or with a fluctuating light. Flickering Having extremely irregular curves or shapes for which any suitably chosen part is similar in shape to a given larger or smaller part when magnified or reduced to the same size. Fractal Becoming greater in size, amount, or degree. Increasing Governed by or depending on chance. Lacking any definite plan or order or purpose. Random A recurring action that is often non-purposeful. Repetitive Uses a random probability distribution or pattern that may be analyzed statistically but may not be predicted precisely to determine future states. Stochastic Differing in size, amount, degree, or nature. Varying Relating to or arising from the surroundings of an agent. Environmental-property Using technology that enhances real-world experiences with computer-derived digital overlays to change some aspects of perception of the natural environment. The digital content is shown to the user through a smart device or glasses and responds to changes in the environment. Augmented-reality Located inside a building or enclosure. Indoors A mechanism that creates the feelings of being in a real motion environment. Motion-platform Any area outside a building or shelter. Outdoors Located in a place that exists in real space and time under realistic conditions. Real-world Of or pertaining to the country as opposed to the city. Rural Characterization of the physical features of a tract of land. Terrain Tracts of land characterized by a mixture of physical features. Composite-terrain Tracts of land characterized by a soil surface and lack of vegetation. Dirt-terrain Tracts of land covered by grass. Grassy-terrain Tracts of land covered by a surface consisting a loose aggregation of small water-worn or pounded stones. Gravel-terrain Tracts of land covered by leaves and composited organic material. Leaf-covered-terrain Tracts of land covered by a liquid or semi-liquid mixture of water and some combination of soil, silt, and clay. Muddy-terrain Tracts of land covered with concrete, asphalt, stones, or bricks. Paved-terrain Tracts of land consisting or full of rock or rocks. Rocky-terrain Tracts of land arranged in a sloping or inclined position. Sloped-terrain Tracts of land that are not level, smooth, or regular. Uneven-terrain Relating to, located in, or characteristic of a city or densely populated area. Urban Using technology that creates immersive, computer-generated experiences that a person can interact with and navigate through. The digital content is generally delivered to the user through some type of headset and responds to changes in head position or through interaction with other types of sensors. Existing in a virtual setting such as a simulation or game environment. Virtual-world true Something that pertains to a task. Informational-property An explanation of what the tag group it is in means. If the description is at the top-level of an event string, the description applies to the event. Description true Description-# An alphanumeric name that identifies either a unique object or a unique class of objects. Here the object or class may be an idea, physical countable object (or class), or physical uncountable substance (or class). ID true ID-# A string of 20 or fewer characters identifying something. Labels usually refer to general classes of things while IDs refer to specific instances. A term that is associated with some entity. A brief description given for purposes of identification. An identifying or descriptive marker that is attached to an object. Label true Label-# Data about data. Information that describes another set of data. Metadata The date on which the creation of this item began. Creation-date true Creation-date-# A brief written record about the experiment. Experimental-note true Experimental-note-# Official name of a HED library. Library-name true Library-name-# Identifier (usually unique) from another metadata source. Metadata-identifier The Cognitive Atlas ID number of something. CogAtlas true CogAtlas-# The CogPO ID number of something. CogPo true CogPo-# Digital object identifier for an object. DOI true DOI-# The identifier of a term in some Open Biology Ontology (OBO) ontology. OBO-identifier true OBO-identifier-# A binomial species name from the NCBI Taxonomy, for example, homo sapiens, mus musculus, or rattus norvegicus. Species-identifier true Species-identifier-# A sequence of characters used to identify, name, or characterize a trial or study subject. Subject-identifier true Subject-identifier-# A unique universal identifier. UUID true UUID-# An alphanumeric character string that identifies a form or variant of a type or original. Version-identifier Usually is a semantic version. true Version-identifier-# The date on which the item was modified (usually the last-modified data unless a complete record of dated modifications is kept. Modified-date true Modified-date-# The specification of a node (file or directory) in a hierarchical file system, usually specified by listing the nodes top-down. Pathname true Pathname-# A valid URL. URL true URL-# Something user-defined for this experiment. Parameter The name of the parameter. Parameter-label true Parameter-label-# The value of the parameter. Parameter-value true Parameter-value-# Relating to an organization or the action of organizing something. Organizational-property true A tag designating a grouping of items such as in a set or list. Collection Name of the collection. true Collection-# true An aspect of the experiment or task that is to be varied during the experiment. Task-conditions are sometimes called independent variables or contrasts. Condition-variable Name of the condition variable. true Condition-variable-# true An aspect of the experiment that is fixed throughout the study and usually is explicitly controlled. Control-variable Name of the control variable. true Control-variable-# true A HED-specific utility tag used with a defined name to represent the tags associated with that definition. true Def Name of the definition. true Def-# true true A HED specific utility tag that is grouped with an expanded definition. The child value of the Def-expand is the name of the expanded definition. true Def-expand true Def-expand-# true true A HED-specific utility tag whose child value is the name of the concept and the tag group associated with the tag is an English language explanation of a concept. true Definition Name of the definition. true Definition-# true true true A special HED tag inserted as part of a top-level tag group to contain information about the interrelated conditions under which the event occurs. The event context includes information about other events that are ongoing when this event happens. Event-context true A special HED tag indicating that this event is a member of an ordered succession of events. Event-stream Name of the event stream. true Event-stream-# true A tag used to indicate a part of the experiment between trials usually where nothing is happening. Experimental-intertrial Optional label for the intertrial block. true Experimental-intertrial-# true Designates a run or execution of an activity, for example, one execution of a script. A tag used to indicate a particular organizational part in the experimental design often containing a stimulus-response pair or stimulus-response-feedback triad. Experimental-trial Optional label for the trial (often a numerical string). true Experimental-trial-# true An aspect of the experiment or task that is measured as task conditions are varied during the experiment. Experiment indicators are sometimes called dependent variables. Indicator-variable Name of the indicator variable. true Indicator-variable-# true A tag designating the data recording. Recording tags are usually have temporal scope which is the entire recording. Recording Optional label for the recording. true Recording-# true An assigned piece of work, usually with a time allotment. A tag used to indicate a linkage the structured activities performed as part of the experiment. Task Optional label for the task block. true Task-# true A tag used to indicate a contiguous time block in the experiment during which something is fixed or noted. Time-block Optional label for the task block. true Time-block-# Relating to sensation or the physical senses. Sensory-property A sensory characteristic associated with another entity. Sensory-attribute Pertaining to the sense of hearing. Auditory-attribute Perceived intensity of a sound. Loudness true Loudness-# A perceptual property that allows the user to order sounds on a frequency scale. Pitch true Pitch-# Description of how a sound changes over time. Sound-envelope The time taken for initial run-up of level from nil to peak usually beginning when the key on a musical instrument is pressed. Sound-envelope-attack true Sound-envelope-attack-# The time taken for the subsequent run down from the attack level to the designated sustain level. Sound-envelope-decay true Sound-envelope-decay-# The time taken for the level to decay from the sustain level to zero after the key is released. Sound-envelope-release true Sound-envelope-release-# The time taken for the main sequence of the sound duration, until the key is released. Sound-envelope-sustain true Sound-envelope-sustain-# The sound pressure level (SPL) usually the ratio to a reference signal estimated as the lower bound of hearing. Sound-volume true Sound-volume-# The perceived sound quality of a singing voice or musical instrument. Timbre true Timbre-# Pertaining to the sense of taste. Gustatory-attribute Having a sharp, pungent taste. Bitter Tasting of or like salt. Salty Belonging to a taste that is salty or spicy rather than sweet. Savory Having a sharp, acidic taste. Sour Having or resembling the taste of sugar. Sweet Having a smell. Olfactory-attribute Pertaining to the feelings in the body or of the nervous system. Somatic-attribute The sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony, resulting from the stimulation of specialized nerve endings. Pain The negative mental, emotional, and physical reactions that occur when environmental stressors are perceived as exceeding the adaptive capacities of the individual. Stress Pertaining to the sense of touch. Tactile-attribute Having a feeling of heaviness. Tactile-pressure Having a feeling of hotness or coldness. Tactile-temperature Having a feeling of roughness. Tactile-texture Having a feeling of mechanical oscillation. Tactile-vibration Pertaining to the sense of balance or body position. Vestibular-attribute Pertaining to the sense of sight. Visual-attribute The appearance of objects (or light sources) described in terms of perception of their hue and lightness (or brightness) and saturation. Color One of 140 colors supported by all browsers. For more details such as the color RGB or HEX values,check:https://www.w3schools.com/colors/colors_groups.asp. CSS-color CSS color group. Blue-color CSS-color 0x0000FF. Blue CSS-color 0x5F9EA0. CadetBlue CSS-color 0x6495ED. CornflowerBlue CSS-color 0x00008B. DarkBlue CSS-color 0x00BFFF. DeepSkyBlue CSS-color 0x1E90FF. DodgerBlue CSS-color 0xADD8E6. LightBlue CSS-color 0x87CEFA. LightSkyBlue CSS-color 0xB0C4DE. LightSteelBlue CSS-color 0x0000CD. MediumBlue CSS-color 0x191970. MidnightBlue CSS-color 0x000080. Navy CSS-color 0xB0E0E6. PowderBlue CSS-color 0x4169E1. RoyalBlue CSS-color 0x87CEEB. SkyBlue CSS-color 0x4682B4. SteelBlue CSS color group. Brown-color CSS-color 0xFFE4C4. Bisque CSS-color 0xFFEBCD. BlanchedAlmond CSS-color 0xA52A2A. Brown CSS-color 0xDEB887. BurlyWood CSS-color 0xD2691E. Chocolate CSS-color 0xFFF8DC. Cornsilk CSS-color 0xB8860B. DarkGoldenRod CSS-color 0xDAA520. GoldenRod CSS-color 0x800000. Maroon CSS-color 0xFFDEAD. NavajoWhite CSS-color 0x808000. Olive CSS-color 0xCD853F. Peru CSS-color 0xBC8F8F. RosyBrown CSS-color 0x8B4513. SaddleBrown CSS-color 0xF4A460. SandyBrown CSS-color 0xA0522D. Sienna CSS-color 0xD2B48C. Tan CSS-color 0xF5DEB3. Wheat CSS color group. Cyan-color CSS-color 0x00FFFF. Aqua CSS-color 0x7FFFD4. Aquamarine CSS-color 0x00FFFF. Cyan CSS-color 0x00CED1. DarkTurquoise CSS-color 0xE0FFFF. LightCyan CSS-color 0x48D1CC. MediumTurquoise CSS-color 0xAFEEEE. PaleTurquoise CSS-color 0x40E0D0. Turquoise CSS color group. Gray-color CSS-color 0x000000. Black CSS-color 0xA9A9A9. DarkGray CSS-color 0x2F4F4F. DarkSlateGray CSS-color 0x696969. DimGray CSS-color 0xDCDCDC. Gainsboro CSS-color 0x808080. Gray CSS-color 0xD3D3D3. LightGray CSS-color 0x778899. LightSlateGray CSS-color 0xC0C0C0. Silver CSS-color 0x708090. SlateGray CSS color group. Green-color CSS-color 0x7FFF00. Chartreuse CSS-color 0x008B8B. DarkCyan CSS-color 0x006400. DarkGreen CSS-color 0x556B2F. DarkOliveGreen CSS-color 0x8FBC8F. DarkSeaGreen CSS-color 0x228B22. ForestGreen CSS-color 0x008000. Green CSS-color 0xADFF2F. GreenYellow CSS-color 0x7CFC00. LawnGreen CSS-color 0x90EE90. LightGreen CSS-color 0x20B2AA. LightSeaGreen CSS-color 0x00FF00. Lime CSS-color 0x32CD32. LimeGreen CSS-color 0x66CDAA. MediumAquaMarine CSS-color 0x3CB371. MediumSeaGreen CSS-color 0x00FA9A. MediumSpringGreen CSS-color 0x6B8E23. OliveDrab CSS-color 0x98FB98. PaleGreen CSS-color 0x2E8B57. SeaGreen CSS-color 0x00FF7F. SpringGreen CSS-color 0x008080. Teal CSS-color 0x9ACD32. YellowGreen CSS color group. Orange-color CSS-color 0xFF7F50. Coral CSS-color 0xFF8C00. DarkOrange CSS-color 0xFFA500. Orange CSS-color 0xFF4500. OrangeRed CSS-color 0xFF6347. Tomato CSS color group. Pink-color CSS-color 0xFF1493. DeepPink CSS-color 0xFF69B4. HotPink CSS-color 0xFFB6C1. LightPink CSS-color 0xC71585. MediumVioletRed CSS-color 0xDB7093. PaleVioletRed CSS-color 0xFFC0CB. Pink CSS color group. Purple-color CSS-color 0x8A2BE2. BlueViolet CSS-color 0x8B008B. DarkMagenta CSS-color 0x9932CC. DarkOrchid CSS-color 0x483D8B. DarkSlateBlue CSS-color 0x9400D3. DarkViolet CSS-color 0xFF00FF. Fuchsia CSS-color 0x4B0082. Indigo CSS-color 0xE6E6FA. Lavender CSS-color 0xFF00FF. Magenta CSS-color 0xBA55D3. MediumOrchid CSS-color 0x9370DB. MediumPurple CSS-color 0x7B68EE. MediumSlateBlue CSS-color 0xDA70D6. Orchid CSS-color 0xDDA0DD. Plum CSS-color 0x800080. Purple CSS-color 0x663399. RebeccaPurple CSS-color 0x6A5ACD. SlateBlue CSS-color 0xD8BFD8. Thistle CSS-color 0xEE82EE. Violet CSS color group. Red-color CSS-color 0xDC143C. Crimson CSS-color 0x8B0000. DarkRed CSS-color 0xE9967A. DarkSalmon CSS-color 0xB22222. FireBrick CSS-color 0xCD5C5C. IndianRed CSS-color 0xF08080. LightCoral CSS-color 0xFFA07A. LightSalmon CSS-color 0xFF0000. Red CSS-color 0xFA8072. Salmon CSS color group. White-color CSS-color 0xF0F8FF. AliceBlue CSS-color 0xFAEBD7. AntiqueWhite CSS-color 0xF0FFFF. Azure CSS-color 0xF5F5DC. Beige CSS-color 0xFFFAF0. FloralWhite CSS-color 0xF8F8FF. GhostWhite CSS-color 0xF0FFF0. HoneyDew CSS-color 0xFFFFF0. Ivory CSS-color 0xFFF0F5. LavenderBlush CSS-color 0xFAF0E6. Linen CSS-color 0xF5FFFA. MintCream CSS-color 0xFFE4E1. MistyRose CSS-color 0xFDF5E6. OldLace CSS-color 0xFFF5EE. SeaShell CSS-color 0xFFFAFA. Snow CSS-color 0xFFFFFF. White CSS-color 0xF5F5F5. WhiteSmoke CSS color group. Yellow-color CSS-color 0xBDB76B. DarkKhaki CSS-color 0xFFD700. Gold CSS-color 0xF0E68C. Khaki CSS-color 0xFFFACD. LemonChiffon CSS-color 0xFAFAD2. LightGoldenRodYellow CSS-color 0xFFFFE0. LightYellow CSS-color 0xFFE4B5. Moccasin CSS-color 0xEEE8AA. PaleGoldenRod CSS-color 0xFFEFD5. PapayaWhip CSS-color 0xFFDAB9. PeachPuff CSS-color 0xFFFF00. Yellow A slight degree of difference between colors, especially with regard to how light or dark it is or as distinguished from one nearly like it. Color-shade A color tone not reflecting much light. Dark-shade A color tone reflecting more light. Light-shade Using a color map composed of shades of gray, varying from black at the weakest intensity to white at the strongest. Grayscale White intensity between 0 and 1. true Grayscale-# A color representation that models how colors appear under light. HSV-color An attribute of a visual sensation according to which an area appears to emit more or less light. HSV-value true HSV-value-# Attribute of a visual sensation according to which an area appears to be similar to one of the perceived colors. Hue Angular value between 0 and 360. true Hue-# Colorfulness of a stimulus relative to its own brightness. Saturation B value of RGB between 0 and 1. true Saturation-# A color from the RGB schema. RGB-color The blue component. RGB-blue B value of RGB between 0 and 1. true RGB-blue-# The green component. RGB-green G value of RGB between 0 and 1. true RGB-green-# The red component. RGB-red R value of RGB between 0 and 1. true RGB-red-# A quality that exists by virtue of the luminous intensity per unit area projected in a given direction. Luminance The difference in luminance in specific portions of a scene or image. Luminance-contrast A non-negative value, usually in the range 0 to 1 or alternative 0 to 100, if representing a percentage. true Luminance-contrast-# A measure of impenetrability to light. Opacity The entity has a sensory manifestation. Sensory-presentation The sense of hearing is used in the presentation to the user. Auditory-presentation The distance between two loudspeakers. Grouped with the Distance tag. Loudspeaker-separation Relating to sound transmission, recording, or reproduction involving a single transmission path. Monophonic The absence of ambient audible sound or the state of having ceased to produce sounds. Silent Relating to, or constituting sound reproduction involving the use of separated microphones and two transmission channels to achieve the sound separation of a live hearing. Stereophonic The sense of taste used in the presentation to the user. Gustatory-presentation The sense of smell used in the presentation to the user. Olfactory-presentation The nervous system is used in the presentation to the user. Somatic-presentation The sense of touch used in the presentation to the user. Tactile-presentation The sense balance used in the presentation to the user. Vestibular-presentation The sense of sight used in the presentation to the user. Visual-presentation A view showing only two dimensions. 2D-view A view showing three dimensions. 3D-view Parts of the view that are farthest from the viewer and usually the not part of the visual focus. Background-view Something having two stable visual forms that have two distinguishable stable forms as in optical illusions. Bistable-view Parts of the view that are closest to the viewer and usually the most important part of the visual focus. Foreground-view Visual presentation directly on the fovea. A view projected on the small depression in the retina containing only cones and where vision is most acute. Foveal-view A diagrammatic representation of an area of land or sea showing physical features, cities, roads. Map-view Elevated view of an object from above, with a perspective as though the observer were a bird. Aerial-view A representation as captured by technology such as a satellite. Satellite-view A 360-degrees panoramic view from a position on the ground. Street-view Indirect vision as it occurs outside the point of fixation. Peripheral-view true Something that pertains to a task. Task-property How an agent action should be interpreted in terms of the task specification. Task-action-type An action suitable or proper in the circumstances. Appropriate-action An action that was a correct response in the context of the task. Correct-action An action offering an improvement to replace a mistake or error. Correction An action that indicates that the participant has completed this step in the task. Done-indication Form a mental image or concept of something. This is used to identity something that only happened in the imagination of the participant as in imagined movements in motor imagery paradigms. Imagined-action An action not in keeping with what is correct or proper for the task. Inappropriate-action An action considered wrong or incorrect in the context of the task. Incorrect-action An action that cannot be distinguished between two or more possibilities in the current context. This tag might be applied when an outside evaluator or a classification algorithm cannot determine a definitive result. Indeterminate-action An action considered to be a failure in the context of the task. For example, if the agent is supposed to try to hit a target and misses. Miss An action barely satisfied the requirements of the task. In a driving experiment for example this could pertain to a narrowly avoided collision or other accident. Near-miss An expected response was skipped. Omitted-action An action that indicates that the participant is ready to perform the next step in the task. Ready-indication Strategy for allocating attention toward goal-relevant information. Task-attentional-demand Attentional guidance purely by externally driven factors to stimuli that are salient because of their inherent properties relative to the background. Sometimes this is referred to as stimulus driven. Bottom-up-attention Paying attention without moving the eyes. Covert-attention Integrating parallel multiple stimuli. Behavior involving responding simultaneously to multiple tasks or multiple task demands. Divided-attention Responding discretely to specific visual, auditory, or tactile stimuli. Focused-attention Directing attention to a target stimulus. Orienting-attention Selectively processing one location over others by moving the eyes to point at that location. Overt-attention Maintaining a behavioral or cognitive set in the face of distracting or competing stimuli. Ability to pay attention to a limited array of all available sensory information. Selective-attention Maintaining a consistent behavioral response during continuous and repetitive activity. Sustained-attention Having to switch attention between two or more modalities of presentation. Switched-attention Voluntary allocation of attention to certain features. Sometimes this is referred to goal-oriented attention. Top-down-attention The evidence supporting the conclusion that the event had the specified effect. Task-effect-evidence An indication or conclusion based on the behavior of an agent. Behavioral-evidence A type of evidence in which data are produced, and/or generated, and/or analyzed on a computer. Computational-evidence A phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon. External-evidence A phenomenon that is intended to follow and be caused by some previous phenomenon. Intended-effect The purpose of an event with respect to the task. Task-event-role Part of something designed to elicit a response in the experiment. Experimental-stimulus A sensory or other type of event that is unrelated to the task or experiment. Incidental Usually associated with a sensory event intended to give instructions to the participant about the task or behavior. Instructional Unplanned disruption such as an equipment or experiment control abnormality or experimenter error. Mishap Something related to a participant actions in performing the task. Participant-response Something that is part of the overall task or is necessary to the overall experiment but is not directly part of a stimulus-response cycle. Examples would be taking a survey or provided providing a silva sample. Task-activity Something that should warn the participant that the parameters of the task have been or are about to be exceeded such as a warning message about getting too close to the shoulder of the road in a driving task. Warning Specifying organizational importance of sub-tasks. Task-relationship A part of the task which should be performed in the background as for example inhibiting blinks due to instruction while performing the primary task. Background-subtask A part of the task which should be the primary focus of the participant. Primary-subtask The role the stimulus plays in the task. Task-stimulus-role A signal for an action, a pattern of stimuli indicating a particular response. Cue A person or thing that distracts or a plausible but incorrect option in a multiple-choice question. In psychological studies this is sometimes referred to as a foil. Distractor Considered likely, probable or anticipated. Something of low information value as in frequent non-targets in an RSVP paradigm. Expected Irrelevant or unrelated to the subject being dealt with. Extraneous An evaluative response to an inquiry, process, event, or activity. Feedback An indicator to proceed with a planned action. Go-signal Conveying significant or relevant information. Meaningful Representing recently acquired information or understanding. Newly-learned Something that is not useful in forming an opinion or judging an outcome. Non-informative Something other than that done or looked for. Also tag Expected if the Non-target is frequent. Non-target Not having a serious, important, or useful quality or purpose. Not-meaningful Having no previous example or precedent or parallel. Novel Something unusual, or infrequent. Oddball A disadvantage, loss, or hardship due to some action. Penalty Something that was decided on or arranged in advance. Planned An implicit memory effect in which exposure to a stimulus influences response to a later stimulus. Priming A sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply. Query A positive reinforcement for a desired action, behavior or response. Reward An indicator that the agent should stop the current activity. Stop-signal Something fixed as a goal, destination, or point of examination. Target An indicator that signifies hostility and predicts an increased probability of attack. Threat Something planned or scheduled to be done at a particular time or lasting for a specified amount of time. Timed Something that is not anticipated. Unexpected Something that has not been planned as part of the task. Unplanned true Concerns the way in which two or more people or things are connected. Relation Something considered in comparison to something else. The first entity is the focus. Comparative-relation (A, (Approximately-equal-to, B)) indicates that A and B have almost the same value. Here A and B could refer to sizes, orders, positions or other quantities. Approximately-equal-to (A, (Equal-to, B)) indicates that the size or order of A is the same as that of B. Equal-to (A, (Greater-than, B)) indicates that the relative size or order of A is bigger than that of B. Greater-than (A, (Greater-than-or-equal-to, B)) indicates that the relative size or order of A is bigger than or the same as that of B. Greater-than-or-equal-to (A, (Less-than, B)) indicates that A is smaller than B. Here A and B could refer to sizes, orders, positions or other quantities. Less-than (A, (Less-than-or-equal-to, B)) indicates that the relative size or order of A is smaller than or equal to B. Less-than-or-equal-to (A, (Not-equal-to, B)) indicates that the size or order of A is not the same as that of B. Not-equal-to Indicates two entities are related in some way. The first entity is the focus. Connective-relation (A, (Belongs-to, B)) indicates that A is a member of B. Belongs-to (A, (Connected-to, B)) indicates that A is related to B in some respect, usually through a direct link. Connected-to (A, (Contained-in, B)) indicates that A is completely inside of B. Contained-in (A, (Described-by, B)) indicates that B provides information about A. Described-by (A, (From-to, B)) indicates a directional relation from A to B. A is considered the source. From-to (A, (Group-of, B)) indicates A is a group of items of type B. Group-of (A, (Implied-by, B)) indicates B is suggested by A. Implied-by (A, (Includes, B)) indicates that A has B as a member or part. Includes (A, (Interacts-with, B)) indicates A and B interact, possibly reciprocally. Interacts-with (A, (Member-of, B)) indicates A is a member of group B. Member-of (A, (Part-of, B)) indicates A is a part of the whole B. Part-of (A, (Performed-by, B)) indicates that the action or procedure A was carried out by agent B. Performed-by (A, (Performed-using, B)) indicates that the action or procedure A was accomplished using B. Performed-using (A, (Related-to, B)) indicates A has some relationship to B. Related-to (A, (Unrelated-to, B)) indicates that A is not related to B.For example, A is not related to Task. Unrelated-to A relationship indicating direction of change of one entity relative to another. The first entity is the focus. Directional-relation (A, (Away-from, B)) indicates that A is going or has moved away from B. The meaning depends on A and B. Away-from (A, (Towards, B)) indicates that A is going to or has moved to B. The meaning depends on A and B. Towards Indicating a logical relationship between entities. The first entity is usually the focus. Logical-relation (A, (And, B)) means A and B are both in effect. And (A, (Or, B)) means at least one of A and B are in effect. Or Indicating a relationship about position between entities. Spatial-relation (A, (Above, B)) means A is in a place or position that is higher than B. Above (A, (Across-from, B)) means A is on the opposite side of something from B. Across-from (A, (Adjacent-to, B)) indicates that A is next to B in time or space. Adjacent-to (A, (Ahead-of, B)) indicates that A is further forward in time or space in B. Ahead-of (A, (Around, B)) means A is in or near the present place or situation of B. Around (A, (Behind, B)) means A is at or to the far side of B, typically so as to be hidden by it. Behind (A, (Below, B)) means A is in a place or position that is lower than the position of B. Below (A, (Between, (B, C))) means A is in the space or interval separating B and C. Between (A, (Bilateral, B)) means A is on both sides of B or affects both sides of B. Bilateral-to (A, (Bottom-edge-of, B)) means A is on the bottom most part or or near the boundary of B. Bottom-edge-of (A, (Boundary-of, B)) means A is on or part of the edge or boundary of B. Boundary-of (A, (Center-of, B)) means A is at a point or or in an area that is approximately central within B. Center-of (A, (Close-to, B)) means A is at a small distance from or is located near in space to B. Close-to (A, (Far-from, B)) means A is at a large distance from or is not located near in space to B. Far-from (A, (In-front-of, B)) means A is in a position just ahead or at the front part of B, potentially partially blocking B from view. In-front-of (A, (Left-edge-of, B)) means A is located on the left side of B on or near the boundary of B. Left-edge-of (A, (Left-side-of, B)) means A is located on the left side of B usually as part of B. Left-side-of (A, (Lower-center-of, B)) means A is situated on the lower center part of B (due south). This relation is often used to specify qualitative information about screen position. Lower-center-of (A, (Lower-left-of, B)) means A is situated on the lower left part of B. This relation is often used to specify qualitative information about screen position. Lower-left-of (A, (Lower-right-of, B)) means A is situated on the lower right part of B. This relation is often used to specify qualitative information about screen position. Lower-right-of (A, (Outside-of, B)) means A is located in the space around but not including B. Outside-of (A, (Over, B)) means A above is above B so as to cover or protect or A extends over the a general area as from a from a vantage point. Over (A, (Right-edge-of, B)) means A is located on the right side of B on or near the boundary of B. Right-edge-of (A, (Right-side-of, B)) means A is located on the right side of B usually as part of B. Right-side-of (A, (To-left-of, B)) means A is located on or directed toward the side to the west of B when B is facing north. This term is used when A is not part of B. To-left-of (A, (To-right-of, B)) means A is located on or directed toward the side to the east of B when B is facing north. This term is used when A is not part of B. To-right-of (A, (Top-edge-of, B)) means A is on the uppermost part or or near the boundary of B. Top-edge-of (A, (Top-of, B)) means A is on the uppermost part, side, or surface of B. Top-of (A, (Underneath, B)) means A is situated directly below and may be concealed by B. Underneath (A, (Upper-center-of, B)) means A is situated on the upper center part of B (due north). This relation is often used to specify qualitative information about screen position. Upper-center-of (A, (Upper-left-of, B)) means A is situated on the upper left part of B. This relation is often used to specify qualitative information about screen position. Upper-left-of (A, (Upper-right-of, B)) means A is situated on the upper right part of B. This relation is often used to specify qualitative information about screen position. Upper-right-of (A, (Within, B)) means A is on the inside of or contained in B. Within A relationship that includes a temporal or time-based component. Temporal-relation (A, (After, B)) means A happens at a time subsequent to a reference time related to B. After (A, (Asynchronous-with, B)) means A happens at times not occurring at the same time or having the same period or phase as B. Asynchronous-with (A, (Before, B)) means A happens at a time earlier in time or order than B. Before (A, (During, B)) means A happens at some point in a given period of time in which B is ongoing. During (A, (Synchronous-with, B)) means A happens at occurs at the same time or rate as B. Synchronous-with (A, (Waiting-for, B)) means A pauses for something to happen in B. Waiting-for A part of the head. Head-part A region of the brain. Brain-region A major structure of the brain located near the brainstem. It plays a key role in motor control, coordination, precision, with contributions to different cognitive functions. Cerebellum A part of the face. Face-part A part of the mouth. Mouth-part A muscular organ in the mouth with significant role in mastication, swallowing, speech, and taste. Tongue A part of the lower extremity. Lower-extremity-part A part of the foot. Foot-part A digit of the foot. Toe The part of the leg between the knee and the ankle. Lower-leg A part of the lower leg. Lower-leg-part The part of the leg between the hip and the knee. Upper-leg A part of the upper leg. Upper-leg-part The part of the body connecting the head to the torso, containing the cervical spine and vital pathways of nerves, blood vessels, and the airway. Neck A part of the torso. Torso-part The part of the body between the thorax and the pelvis. Abdomen The central mark on the abdomen created by the detachment of the umbilical cord after birth. Navel The bony structure at the base of the spine supporting the legs. Pelvis A part of the pelvis. Pelvis-part The external organs of reproduction and urination, located in the pelvic region. This includes both male and female genital structures. Genitalia A part of the upper extremity. Upper-extremity-part A part of the forearm. Forearm-part A part of the hand. Hand-part The terminal digits of the hand. Used to describe collective attributes of all fingers, such as bending all fingers Fingers A part of the upper arm. Upper-arm-part A device for recording electrical activity of muscles using electrodes on the body surface or within the muscular mass. EMG-recorder Related to menstruation. Catamenial Body temperature above the normal range. Fever 8.2.0 true Clock-face-# A location identifier based on clock-face numbering or anatomic subregion. As an object, just use the tag Clock. Clock-face-position true Clock-face-position-#