This schema is a Hierarchical Event Descriptors (HED) Library Schema implementation of Standardized Computer-based Organized Reporting of EEG (SCORE)[1,2] for describing events occurring during neuroimaging time series recordings. The HED-SCORE library schema allows neurologists, neurophysiologists, and brain researchers to annotate electrophysiology recordings using terms from an internationally accepted set of defined terms (SCORE) compatible with the HED framework. The resulting annotations are understandable to clinicians and directly usable in computer analysis. Future extensions may be implemented in the HED-SCORE library schema. For more information see https://hed-schema-library.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html. Event Something that happens at a given time and (typically) place. Elements of this tag subtree designate the general category in which an event falls. suggestedTag Task-property Sensory-event Something perceivable by the participant. An event meant to be an experimental stimulus should include the tag Task-property/Task-event-role/Experimental-stimulus. suggestedTag Task-event-role Sensory-presentation Agent-action Any action engaged in by an agent (see the Agent subtree for agent categories). A participant response to an experiment stimulus should include the tag Agent-property/Agent-task-role/Experiment-participant. suggestedTag Task-event-role Agent Data-feature An event marking the occurrence of a data feature such as an interictal spike or alpha burst that is often added post hoc to the data record. suggestedTag Data-property Experiment-control An event pertaining to the physical control of the experiment during its operation. Experiment-procedure An event indicating an experimental procedure, as in performing a saliva swab during the experiment or administering a survey. Experiment-structure An event specifying a change-point of the structure of experiment. This event is typically used to indicate a change in experimental conditions or tasks. Measurement-event A discrete measure returned by an instrument. suggestedTag Data-property Agent Someone or something that takes an active role or produces a specified effect.The role or effect may be implicit. Being alive or performing an activity such as a computation may qualify something to be an agent. An agent may also be something that simulates something else. suggestedTag Agent-property Animal-agent An agent that is an animal. Avatar-agent An agent associated with an icon or avatar representing another agent. Controller-agent An agent experiment control software or hardware. Human-agent A person who takes an active role or produces a specified effect. Robotic-agent An agent mechanical device capable of performing a variety of often complex tasks on command or by being programmed in advance. Software-agent An agent computer program. Modulator External stimuli / interventions or changes in the alertness level (sleep) that modify: the background activity, or how often a graphoelement is occurring, or change other features of the graphoelement (like intra-burst frequency). For each observed finding, there is an option of specifying how they are influenced by the modulators and procedures that were done during the recording. requireChild inLibrary score Sleep-modulator inLibrary score Sleep-deprivation inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Sleep-following-sleep-deprivation inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Natural-sleep inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Induced-sleep inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Drowsiness inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Awakening inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Medication-modulator inLibrary score Medication-administered-during-recording inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Medication-withdrawal-or-reduction-during-recording inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Eye-modulator inLibrary score Manual-eye-closure inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Manual-eye-opening inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Stimulation-modulator inLibrary score Intermittent-photic-stimulation requireChild suggestedTag Intermittent-photic-stimulation-effect inLibrary score # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass frequencyUnits inLibrary score Auditory-stimulation inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Nociceptive-stimulation inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Hyperventilation inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Physical-effort inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Cognitive-task inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Other-modulator-or-procedure requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Background-activity An EEG activity representing the setting in which a given normal or abnormal pattern appears and from which such pattern is distinguished. requireChild inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm Rhythmic activity occurring during wakefulness over the posterior regions of the head, generally with maximum amplitudes over the occipital areas. Amplitude varies. Best seen with eyes closed and during physical relaxation and relative mental inactivity. Blocked or attenuated by attention, especially visual, and mental effort. In adults this is the alpha rhythm, and the frequency is 8 to 13 Hz. However the frequency can be higher or lower than this range (often a supra or sub harmonic of alpha frequency) and is called alpha variant rhythm (fast and slow alpha variant rhythm). In children, the normal range of the frequency of the posterior dominant rhythm is age-dependant. suggestedTag Finding-significance-to-recording Finding-frequency Finding-amplitude-asymmetry Posterior-dominant-rhythm-property inLibrary score Mu-rhythm EEG rhythm at 7-11 Hz composed of arch-shaped waves occurring over the central or centro-parietal regions of the scalp during wakefulness. Amplitudes varies but is mostly below 50 microV. Blocked or attenuated most clearly by contralateral movement, thought of movement, readiness to move or tactile stimulation. suggestedTag Finding-frequency Finding-significance-to-recording Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors inLibrary score Other-organized-rhythm EEG activity that consisting of waves of approximately constant period, which is considered as part of the background (ongoing) activity, but does not fulfill the criteria of the posterior dominant rhythm. requireChild suggestedTag Rhythmic-activity-morphology Finding-significance-to-recording Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Background-activity-special-feature Special Features. Special features contains scoring options for the background activity of critically ill patients. requireChild inLibrary score Continuous-background-activity suggestedTag Rhythmic-activity-morphology Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Finding-extent inLibrary score Nearly-continuous-background-activity suggestedTag Rhythmic-activity-morphology Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Finding-extent inLibrary score Discontinuous-background-activity suggestedTag Rhythmic-activity-morphology Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Finding-extent inLibrary score Background-burst-suppression EEG pattern consisting of bursts (activity appearing and disappearing abruptly) interrupted by periods of low amplitude (below 20 microV) and which occurs simultaneously over all head regions. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Finding-extent inLibrary score Background-burst-attenuation suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Finding-extent inLibrary score Background-activity-suppression Periods showing activity under 10 microV (referential montage) and interrupting the background (ongoing) activity. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Finding-extent Appearance-mode inLibrary score Electrocerebral-inactivity Absence of any ongoing cortical electric activities; in all leads EEG is isoelectric or only contains artifacts. Sensitivity has to be increased up to 2 microV/mm; recording time: at least 30 minutes. inLibrary score Action Do something. extensionAllowed Communicate Convey knowledge of or information about something. Communicate-gesturally Communicate nonverbally using visible bodily actions, either in place of speech or together and in parallel with spoken words. Gestures include movement of the hands, face, or other parts of the body. relatedTag Move-face Move-upper-extremity Clap-hands Strike the palms of against one another resoundingly, and usually repeatedly, especially to express approval. Clear-throat Cough slightly so as to speak more clearly, attract attention, or to express hesitancy before saying something awkward. relatedTag Move-face Move-head Frown Express disapproval, displeasure, or concentration, typically by turning down the corners of the mouth. relatedTag Move-face Grimace Make a twisted expression, typically expressing disgust, pain, or wry amusement. relatedTag Move-face Nod-head Tilt head in alternating up and down arcs along the sagittal plane. It is most commonly, but not universally, used to indicate agreement, acceptance, or acknowledgement. relatedTag Move-head Pump-fist Raise with fist clenched in triumph or affirmation. relatedTag Move-upper-extremity Raise-eyebrows Move eyebrows upward. relatedTag Move-face Move-eyes Shake-fist Clench hand into a fist and shake to demonstrate anger. relatedTag Move-upper-extremity Shake-head Turn head from side to side as a way of showing disagreement or refusal. relatedTag Move-head Shhh Place finger over lips and possibly uttering the syllable shhh to indicate the need to be quiet. relatedTag Move-upper-extremity Shrug Lift shoulders up towards head to indicate a lack of knowledge about a particular topic. relatedTag Move-upper-extremity Move-torso Smile Form facial features into a pleased, kind, or amused expression, typically with the corners of the mouth turned up and the front teeth exposed. relatedTag Move-face Spread-hands Spread hands apart to indicate ignorance. relatedTag Move-upper-extremity Thumb-up Extend the thumb upward to indicate approval. relatedTag Move-upper-extremity Thumbs-down Extend the thumb downward to indicate disapproval. relatedTag Move-upper-extremity Wave Raise hand and move left and right, as a greeting or sign of departure. relatedTag Move-upper-extremity Widen-eyes Open eyes and possibly with eyebrows lifted especially to express surprise or fear. relatedTag Move-face Move-eyes Wink Close and open one eye quickly, typically to indicate that something is a joke or a secret or as a signal of affection or greeting. relatedTag Move-face Move-eyes Communicate-musically Communicate using music. Hum Make a low, steady continuous sound like that of a bee. Sing with the lips closed and without uttering speech. Play-instrument Make musical sounds using an instrument. Sing Produce musical tones by means of the voice. Vocalize Utter vocal sounds. Whistle Produce a shrill clear sound by forcing breath out or air in through the puckered lips. Communicate-vocally Communicate using mouth or vocal cords. Cry Shed tears associated with emotions, usually sadness but also joy or frustration. Groan Make a deep inarticulate sound in response to pain or despair. Laugh Make the spontaneous sounds and movements of the face and body that are the instinctive expressions of lively amusement and sometimes also of contempt or derision. Scream Make loud, vociferous cries or yells to express pain, excitement, or fear. Shout Say something very loudly. Sigh Emit a long, deep, audible breath expressing sadness, relief, tiredness, or a similar feeling. Speak Communicate using spoken language. Whisper Speak very softly using breath without vocal cords. Move Move in a specified direction or manner. Change position or posture. Breathe Inhale or exhale during respiration. Blow Expel air through pursed lips. Cough Suddenly and audibly expel air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. Exhale Blow out or expel breath. Hiccup Involuntarily spasm the diaphragm and respiratory organs, with a sudden closure of the glottis and a characteristic sound like that of a cough. Hold-breath Interrupt normal breathing by ceasing to inhale or exhale. Inhale Draw in with the breath through the nose or mouth. Sneeze Suddenly and violently expel breath through the nose and mouth. Sniff Draw in air audibly through the nose to detect a smell, to stop it from running, or to express contempt. Move-body Move entire body. Bend Move body in a bowed or curved manner. Dance Perform a purposefully selected sequences of human movement often with aesthetic or symbolic value. Move rhythmically to music, typically following a set sequence of steps. Fall-down Lose balance and collapse. Flex Cause a muscle to stand out by contracting or tensing it. Bend a limb or joint. Jerk Make a quick, sharp, sudden movement. Lie-down Move to a horizontal or resting position. Recover-balance Return to a stable, upright body position. Shudder Tremble convulsively, sometimes as a result of fear or revulsion. Sit-down Move from a standing to a sitting position. Sit-up Move from lying down to a sitting position. Stand-up Move from a sitting to a standing position. Stretch Straighten or extend body or a part of body to its full length, typically so as to tighten muscles or in order to reach something. Stumble Trip or momentarily lose balance and almost fall. Turn Change or cause to change direction. Move-body-part Move one part of a body. Move-eyes Move eyes. Blink Shut and open the eyes quickly. Close-eyes Lower and keep eyelids in a closed position. Fixate Direct eyes to a specific point or target. Inhibit-blinks Purposely prevent blinking. Open-eyes Raise eyelids to expose pupil. Saccade Move eyes rapidly between fixation points. Squint Squeeze one or both eyes partly closed in an attempt to see more clearly or as a reaction to strong light. Stare Look fixedly or vacantly at someone or something with eyes wide open. Move-face Move the face or jaw. Bite Seize with teeth or jaws an object or organism so as to grip or break the surface covering. Burp Noisily release air from the stomach through the mouth. Belch. Chew Repeatedly grinding, tearing, and or crushing with teeth or jaws. Gurgle Make a hollow bubbling sound like that made by water running out of a bottle. Swallow Cause or allow something, especially food or drink to pass down the throat. Gulp Swallow quickly or in large mouthfuls, often audibly, sometimes to indicate apprehension. Yawn Take a deep involuntary inhalation with the mouth open often as a sign of drowsiness or boredom. Move-head Move head. Lift-head Tilt head back lifting chin. Lower-head Move head downward so that eyes are in a lower position. Turn-head Rotate head horizontally to look in a different direction. Move-lower-extremity Move leg and/or foot. Curl-toes Bend toes sometimes to grip. Hop Jump on one foot. Jog Run at a trot to exercise. Jump Move off the ground or other surface through sudden muscular effort in the legs. Kick Strike out or flail with the foot or feet. Strike using the leg, in unison usually with an area of the knee or lower using the foot. Pedal Move by working the pedals of a bicycle or other machine. Press-foot Move by pressing foot. Run Travel on foot at a fast pace. Step Put one leg in front of the other and shift weight onto it. Heel-strike Strike the ground with the heel during a step. Toe-off Push with toe as part of a stride. Trot Run at a moderate pace, typically with short steps. Walk Move at a regular pace by lifting and setting down each foot in turn never having both feet off the ground at once. Move-torso Move body trunk. Move-upper-extremity Move arm, shoulder, and/or hand. Drop Let or cause to fall vertically. Grab Seize suddenly or quickly. Snatch or clutch. Grasp Seize and hold firmly. Hold-down Prevent someone or something from moving by holding them firmly. Lift Raising something to higher position. Make-fist Close hand tightly with the fingers bent against the palm. Point Draw attention to something by extending a finger or arm. Press Apply pressure to something to flatten, shape, smooth or depress it. This action tag should be used to indicate key presses and mouse clicks. relatedTag Push Push Apply force in order to move something away. Use Press to indicate a key press or mouse click. relatedTag Press Reach Stretch out your arm in order to get or touch something. Release Make available or set free. Retract Draw or pull back. Scratch Drag claws or nails over a surface or on skin. Snap-fingers Make a noise by pushing second finger hard against thumb and then releasing it suddenly so that it hits the base of the thumb. Touch Come into or be in contact with. Perceive Produce an internal, conscious image through stimulating a sensory system. Hear Give attention to a sound. See Direct gaze toward someone or something or in a specified direction. Sense-by-touch Sense something through receptors in the skin. Smell Inhale in order to ascertain an odor or scent. Taste Sense a flavor in the mouth and throat on contact with a substance. Perform Carry out or accomplish an action, task, or function. Close Act as to blocked against entry or passage. Collide-with Hit with force when moving. Halt Bring or come to an abrupt stop. Modify Change something. Open Widen an aperture, door, or gap, especially one allowing access to something. Operate Control the functioning of a machine, process, or system. Play Engage in activity for enjoyment and recreation rather than a serious or practical purpose. Read Interpret something that is written or printed. Repeat Make do or perform again. Rest Be inactive in order to regain strength, health, or energy. Write Communicate or express by means of letters or symbols written or imprinted on a surface. Think Direct the mind toward someone or something or use the mind actively to form connected ideas. Allow Allow access to something such as allowing a car to pass. Attend-to Focus mental experience on specific targets. Count Tally items either silently or aloud. Deny Refuse to give or grant something requested or desired by someone. Detect Discover or identify the presence or existence of something. Discriminate Recognize a distinction. Encode Convert information or an instruction into a particular form. Evade Escape or avoid, especially by cleverness or trickery. Generate Cause something, especially an emotion or situation to arise or come about. Identify Establish or indicate who or what someone or something is. Imagine Form a mental image or concept of something. Judge Evaluate evidence to make a decision or form a belief. Learn Adaptively change behavior as the result of experience. Memorize Adaptively change behavior as the result of experience. Plan Think about the activities required to achieve a desired goal. Predict Say or estimate that something will happen or will be a consequence of something without having exact informaton. Recall Remember information by mental effort. Recognize Identify someone or something from having encountered them before. Respond React to something such as a treatment or a stimulus. Switch-attention Transfer attention from one focus to another. Track Follow a person, animal, or object through space or time. Artifact When relevant for the clinical interpretation, artifacts can be scored by specifying the type and the location. requireChild inLibrary score Biological-artifact requireChild inLibrary score Eye-blink-artifact Example for EEG: Fp1/Fp2 become electropositive with eye closure because the cornea is positively charged causing a negative deflection in Fp1/Fp2. If the eye blink is unilateral, consider prosthetic eye. If it is in F8 rather than Fp2 then the electrodes are plugged in wrong. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Multifocal-finding Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Eye-movement-horizontal-artifact Example for EEG: There is an upward deflection in the Fp2-F8 derivation, when the eyes move to the right side. In this case F8 becomes more positive and therefore. When the eyes move to the left, F7 becomes more positive and there is an upward deflection in the Fp1-F7 derivation. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Multifocal-finding Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Eye-movement-vertical-artifact Example for EEG: The EEG shows positive potentials (50-100 micro V) with bi-frontal distribution, maximum at Fp1 and Fp2, when the eyeball rotated upward. The downward rotation of the eyeball was associated with the negative deflection. The time course of the deflections was similar to the time course of the eyeball movement. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Multifocal-finding Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Slow-eye-movement-artifact Slow, rolling eye-movements, seen during drowsiness. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Multifocal-finding Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Nystagmus-artifact suggestedTag Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Chewing-artifact suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Multifocal-finding Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Sucking-artifact suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Multifocal-finding Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Glossokinetic-artifact The tongue functions as a dipole, with the tip negative with respect to the base. The artifact produced by the tongue has a broad potential field that drops from frontal to occipital areas, although it is less steep than that produced by eye movement artifacts. The amplitude of the potentials is greater inferiorly than in parasagittal regions; the frequency is variable but usually in the delta range. Chewing and sucking can produce similar artifacts. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Multifocal-finding Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Rocking-patting-artifact Quasi-rhythmical artifacts in recordings from infants caused by rocking/patting. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Multifocal-finding Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Movement-artifact Example for EEG: Large amplitude artifact, with irregular morphology (usually resembling a slow-wave or a wave with complex morphology) seen in one or several channels, due to movement. If the causing movement is repetitive, the artifact might resemble a rhythmic EEG activity. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Multifocal-finding Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Respiration-artifact Respiration can produce 2 kinds of artifacts. One type is in the form of slow and rhythmic activity, synchronous with the body movements of respiration and mechanically affecting the impedance of (usually) one electrode. The other type can be slow or sharp waves that occur synchronously with inhalation or exhalation and involve those electrodes on which the patient is lying. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Multifocal-finding Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Pulse-artifact Example for EEG: Occurs when an EEG electrode is placed over a pulsating vessel. The pulsation can cause slow waves that may simulate EEG activity. A direct relationship exists between ECG and the pulse waves (200-300 millisecond delay after ECG equals QRS complex). suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Multifocal-finding Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score ECG-artifact Example for EEG: Far-field potential generated in the heart. The voltage and apparent surface of the artifact vary from derivation to derivation and, consequently, from montage to montage. The artifact is observed best in referential montages using earlobe electrodes A1 and A2. ECG artifact is recognized easily by its rhythmicity/regularity and coincidence with the ECG tracing. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Multifocal-finding Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Sweat-artifact Is a low amplitude undulating waveform that is usually greater than 2 seconds and may appear to be an unstable baseline. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Multifocal-finding Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score EMG-artifact Myogenic potentials are the most common artifacts. Frontalis and temporalis muscles (ex..: clenching of jaw muscles) are common causes. Generally, the potentials generated in the muscles are of shorter duration than those generated in the brain. The frequency components are usually beyond 30-50 Hz, and the bursts are arrhythmic. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Multifocal-finding Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Non-biological-artifact requireChild inLibrary score Power-supply-artifact 50-60 Hz artifact. Monomorphic waveform due to 50 or 60 Hz A/C power supply. suggestedTag Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Induction-artifact Artifacts (usually of high frequency) induced by nearby equipment (like in the intensive care unit). suggestedTag Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Dialysis-artifact suggestedTag Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Artificial-ventilation-artifact suggestedTag Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Electrode-pops-artifact Are brief discharges with a very steep upslope and shallow fall that occur in all leads which include that electrode. suggestedTag Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Salt-bridge-artifact Typically occurs in 1 channel which may appear isoelectric. Only seen in bipolar montage. suggestedTag Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Other-artifact requireChild suggestedTag Artifact-significance-to-recording inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Critically-ill-patients-patterns Rhythmic or periodic patterns in critically ill patients (RPPs) are scored according to the 2012 version of the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society Standardized Critical Care EEG Terminology (Hirsch et al., 2013). requireChild inLibrary score Critically-ill-patients-periodic-discharges Periodic discharges (PDs). suggestedTag Periodic-discharge-morphology Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Finding-frequency Periodic-discharge-time-related-features inLibrary score Rhythmic-delta-activity RDA suggestedTag Periodic-discharge-superimposed-activity Periodic-discharge-absolute-amplitude Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Finding-frequency Periodic-discharge-time-related-features inLibrary score Spike-or-sharp-and-wave SW suggestedTag Periodic-discharge-sharpness Number-of-periodic-discharge-phases Periodic-discharge-triphasic-morphology Periodic-discharge-absolute-amplitude Periodic-discharge-relative-amplitude Periodic-discharge-polarity Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Multifocal-finding Finding-frequency Periodic-discharge-time-related-features inLibrary score Episode Clinical episode or electrographic seizure. requireChild inLibrary score Epileptic-seizure The ILAE presented a revised seizure classification that divides seizures into focal, generalized onset, or unknown onset. requireChild inLibrary score Focal-onset-epileptic-seizure Focal seizures can be divided into focal aware and impaired awareness seizures, with additional motor and nonmotor classifications. suggestedTag Episode-phase Automatism-motor-seizure Atonic-motor-seizure Clonic-motor-seizure Epileptic-spasm-episode Hyperkinetic-motor-seizure Myoclonic-motor-seizure Tonic-motor-seizure Autonomic-nonmotor-seizure Behavior-arrest-nonmotor-seizure Cognitive-nonmotor-seizure Emotional-nonmotor-seizure Sensory-nonmotor-seizure Seizure-dynamics Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Aware-focal-onset-epileptic-seizure suggestedTag Episode-phase Seizure-dynamics Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Impaired-awareness-focal-onset-epileptic-seizure suggestedTag Episode-phase Seizure-dynamics Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Awareness-unknown-focal-onset-epileptic-seizure suggestedTag Episode-phase Seizure-dynamics Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Focal-to-bilateral-tonic-clonic-focal-onset-epileptic-seizure A seizure type with focal onset, with awareness or impaired awareness, either motor or non-motor, progressing to bilateral tonic clonic activity. The prior term was seizure with partial onset with secondary generalization. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version suggestedTag Episode-phase Seizure-dynamics Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Generalized-onset-epileptic-seizure Generalized-onset seizures are classified as motor or nonmotor (absence), without using awareness level as a classifier, as most but not all of these seizures are linked with impaired awareness. suggestedTag Episode-phase Tonic-clonic-motor-seizure Clonic-motor-seizure Tonic-motor-seizure Myoclonic-motor-seizure Myoclonic-tonic-clonic-motor-seizure Myoclonic-atonic-motor-seizure Atonic-motor-seizure Epileptic-spasm-episode Typical-absence-seizure Atypical-absence-seizure Myoclonic-absence-seizure Eyelid-myoclonia-absence-seizure Seizure-dynamics Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Unknown-onset-epileptic-seizure Even if the onset of seizures is unknown, they may exhibit characteristics that fall into categories such as motor, nonmotor, tonic-clonic, epileptic spasms, or behavior arrest. suggestedTag Episode-phase Tonic-clonic-motor-seizure Epileptic-spasm-episode Behavior-arrest-nonmotor-seizure Seizure-dynamics Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Unclassified-epileptic-seizure Referring to a seizure type that cannot be described by the ILAE 2017 classification either because of inadequate information or unusual clinical features. suggestedTag Episode-phase Seizure-dynamics Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Subtle-seizure Seizure type frequent in neonates, sometimes referred to as motor automatisms; they may include random and roving eye movements, sucking, chewing motions, tongue protrusion, rowing or swimming or boxing movements of the arms, pedaling and bicycling movements of the lower limbs; apneic seizures are relatively common. Although some subtle seizures are associated with rhythmic ictal EEG discharges, and are clearly epileptic, ictal EEG often does not show typical epileptic activity. suggestedTag Episode-phase Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Electrographic-seizure Referred usually to non convulsive status. Ictal EEG: rhythmic discharge or spike and wave pattern with definite evolution in frequency, location, or morphology lasting at least 10 s; evolution in amplitude alone did not qualify. suggestedTag Episode-phase Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Seizure-PNES Psychogenic non-epileptic seizure. suggestedTag Episode-phase Finding-significance-to-recording Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Sleep-related-episode requireChild inLibrary score Sleep-related-arousal Normal. suggestedTag Episode-phase Finding-significance-to-recording Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Benign-sleep-myoclonus A distinctive disorder of sleep characterized by a) neonatal onset, b) rhythmic myoclonic jerks only during sleep and c) abrupt and consistent cessation with arousal, d) absence of concomitant electrographic changes suggestive of seizures, and e) good outcome. suggestedTag Episode-phase Finding-significance-to-recording Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Confusional-awakening Episode of non epileptic nature included in NREM parasomnias, characterized by sudden arousal and complex behavior but without full alertness, usually lasting a few minutes and occurring almost in all children at least occasionally. Amnesia of the episode is the rule. suggestedTag Episode-phase Finding-significance-to-recording Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Sleep-periodic-limb-movement PLMS. Periodic limb movement in sleep. Episodes are characterized by brief (0.5- to 5.0-second) lower-extremity movements during sleep, which typically occur at 20- to 40-second intervals, most commonly during the first 3 hours of sleep. The affected individual is usually not aware of the movements or of the transient partial arousals. suggestedTag Episode-phase Finding-significance-to-recording Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score REM-sleep-behavioral-disorder REM sleep behavioral disorder. Episodes characterized by: a) presence of REM sleep without atonia (RSWA) on polysomnography (PSG); b) presence of at least 1 of the following conditions - (1) Sleep-related behaviors, by history, that have been injurious, potentially injurious, or disruptive (example: dream enactment behavior); (2) abnormal REM sleep behavior documented during PSG monitoring; (3) absence of epileptiform activity on electroencephalogram (EEG) during REM sleep (unless RBD can be clearly distinguished from any concurrent REM sleep-related seizure disorder); (4) sleep disorder not better explained by another sleep disorder, a medical or neurologic disorder, a mental disorder, medication use, or a substance use disorder. suggestedTag Episode-phase Finding-significance-to-recording Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Sleep-walking Episodes characterized by ambulation during sleep; the patient is difficult to arouse during an episode, and is usually amnesic following the episode. Episodes usually occur in the first third of the night during slow wave sleep. Polysomnographic recordings demonstrate 2 abnormalities during the first sleep cycle: frequent, brief, non-behavioral EEG-defined arousals prior to the somnambulistic episode and abnormally low gamma (0.75-2.0 Hz) EEG power on spectral analysis, correlating with high-voltage (hyper-synchronic gamma) waves lasting 10 to 15 s occurring just prior to the movement. This is followed by stage I NREM sleep, and there is no evidence of complete awakening. suggestedTag Episode-phase Finding-significance-to-recording Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Pediatric-episode requireChild inLibrary score Hyperekplexia Disorder characterized by exaggerated startle response and hypertonicity that may occur during the first year of life and in severe cases during the neonatal period. Children usually present with marked irritability and recurrent startles in response to handling and sounds. Severely affected infants can have severe jerks and stiffening, sometimes with breath-holding spells. suggestedTag Episode-phase Finding-significance-to-recording Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Jactatio-capitis-nocturna Relatively common in normal children at the time of going to bed, especially during the first year of life, the rhythmic head movements persist during sleep. Usually, these phenomena disappear before 3 years of age. suggestedTag Episode-phase Finding-significance-to-recording Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Pavor-nocturnus A nocturnal episode characterized by age of onset of less than five years (mean age 18 months, with peak prevalence at five to seven years), appearance of signs of panic two hours after falling asleep with crying, screams, a fearful expression, inability to recognize other people including parents (for a duration of 5-15 minutes), amnesia upon awakening. Pavor nocturnus occurs in patients almost every night for months or years (but the frequency is highly variable and may be as low as once a month) and is likely to disappear spontaneously at the age of six to eight years. suggestedTag Episode-phase Finding-significance-to-recording Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Pediatric-stereotypical-behavior-episode Repetitive motor behavior in children, typically rhythmic and persistent; usually not paroxysmal and rarely suggest epilepsy. They include headbanging, head-rolling, jactatio capitis nocturna, body rocking, buccal or lingual movements, hand flapping and related mannerisms, repetitive hand-waving (to self-induce photosensitive seizures). suggestedTag Episode-phase Finding-significance-to-recording Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Paroxysmal-motor-event Paroxysmal phenomena during neonatal or childhood periods characterized by recurrent motor or behavioral signs or symptoms that must be distinguishes from epileptic disorders. suggestedTag Episode-phase Finding-significance-to-recording Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Syncope Episode with loss of consciousness and muscle tone that is abrupt in onset, of short duration and followed by rapid recovery; it occurs in response to transient impairment of cerebral perfusion. Typical prodromal symptoms often herald onset of syncope and postictal symptoms are minimal. Syncopal convulsions resulting from cerebral anoxia are common but are not a form of epilepsy, nor are there any accompanying EEG ictal discharges. suggestedTag Episode-phase Finding-significance-to-recording Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Cataplexy A sudden decrement in muscle tone and loss of deep tendon reflexes, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis, or postural collapse. Cataplexy usually is precipitated by an outburst of emotional expression-notably laughter, anger, or startle. It is one of the tetrad of symptoms of narcolepsy. During cataplexy, respiration and voluntary eye movements are not compromised. Consciousness is preserved. suggestedTag Episode-phase Finding-significance-to-recording Episode-consciousness Episode-awareness Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship Episode-event-count State-episode-start Episode-postictal-phase Episode-prodrome Episode-tongue-biting inLibrary score Other-episode requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Finding-property Descriptive element similar to main HED /Property. Something that pertains to a thing. A characteristic of some entity. A quality or feature regarded as a characteristic or inherent part of someone or something. HED attributes are adjectives or adverbs. requireChild inLibrary score Signal-morphology-property requireChild inLibrary score Rhythmic-activity-morphology EEG activity consisting of a sequence of waves approximately constant period. inLibrary score Delta-activity-morphology EEG rhythm in the delta (under 4 Hz) range that does not belong to the posterior dominant rhythm (scored under other organized rhythms). suggestedTag Finding-frequency Finding-amplitude inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Theta-activity-morphology EEG rhythm in the theta (4-8 Hz) range that does not belong to the posterior dominant rhythm (scored under other organized rhythm). suggestedTag Finding-frequency Finding-amplitude inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Alpha-activity-morphology EEG rhythm in the alpha range (8-13 Hz) which is considered part of the background (ongoing) activity but does not fulfill the criteria of the posterior dominant rhythm (alpha rhythm). suggestedTag Finding-frequency Finding-amplitude inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Beta-activity-morphology EEG rhythm between 14 and 40 Hz, which is considered part of the background (ongoing) activity but does not fulfill the criteria of the posterior dominant rhythm. Most characteristically: a rhythm from 14 to 40 Hz recorded over the fronto-central regions of the head during wakefulness. Amplitude of the beta rhythm varies but is mostly below 30 microV. Other beta rhythms are most prominent in other locations or are diffuse. suggestedTag Finding-frequency Finding-amplitude inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Gamma-activity-morphology suggestedTag Finding-frequency Finding-amplitude inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Spike-morphology A transient, clearly distinguished from background activity, with pointed peak at a conventional paper speed or time scale and duration from 20 to under 70 ms, i.e. 1/50-1/15 s approximately. Main component is generally negative relative to other areas. Amplitude varies. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Spike-and-slow-wave-morphology A pattern consisting of a spike followed by a slow wave. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Runs-of-rapid-spikes-morphology Bursts of spike discharges at a rate from 10 to 25/sec (in most cases somewhat irregular). The bursts last more than 2 seconds (usually 2 to 10 seconds) and it is typically seen in sleep. Synonyms: rhythmic spikes, generalized paroxysmal fast activity, fast paroxysmal rhythms, grand mal discharge, fast beta activity. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Polyspikes-morphology Two or more consecutive spikes. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Polyspike-and-slow-wave-morphology Two or more consecutive spikes associated with one or more slow waves. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Sharp-wave-morphology A transient clearly distinguished from background activity, with pointed peak at a conventional paper speed or time scale, and duration of 70-200 ms, i.e. over 1/4-1/5 s approximately. Main component is generally negative relative to other areas. Amplitude varies. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Sharp-and-slow-wave-morphology A sequence of a sharp wave and a slow wave. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Slow-sharp-wave-morphology A transient that bears all the characteristics of a sharp-wave, but exceeds 200 ms. Synonym: blunted sharp wave. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score High-frequency-oscillation-morphology HFO. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Hypsarrhythmia-classic-morphology Abnormal interictal high amplitude waves and a background of irregular spikes. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Hypsarrhythmia-modified-morphology inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Fast-spike-activity-morphology A burst consisting of a sequence of spikes. Duration greater than 1 s. Frequency at least in the alpha range. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Low-voltage-fast-activity-morphology Refers to the fast, and often recruiting activity which can be recorded at the onset of an ictal discharge, particularly in invasive EEG recording of a seizure. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Polysharp-waves-morphology A sequence of two or more sharp-waves. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Slow-wave-large-amplitude-morphology inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Irregular-delta-or-theta-activity-morphology EEG activity consisting of repetitive waves of inconsistent wave-duration but in delta and/or theta rang (greater than 125 ms). inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Electrodecremental-change-morphology Sudden desynchronization of electrical activity. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score DC-shift-morphology Shift of negative polarity of the direct current recordings, during seizures. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Disappearance-of-ongoing-activity-morphology Disappearance of the EEG activity that preceded the ictal event but still remnants of background activity (thus not enough to name it electrodecremental change). inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Polymorphic-delta-activity-morphology EEG activity consisting of waves in the delta range (over 250 ms duration for each wave) but of different morphology. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Frontal-intermittent-rhythmic-delta-activity-morphology Frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity (FIRDA). Fairly regular or approximately sinusoidal waves, mostly occurring in bursts at 1.5-2.5 Hz over the frontal areas of one or both sides of the head. Comment: most commonly associated with unspecified encephalopathy, in adults. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Occipital-intermittent-rhythmic-delta-activity-morphology Occipital intermittent rhythmic delta activity (OIRDA). Fairly regular or approximately sinusoidal waves, mostly occurring in bursts at 2-3 Hz over the occipital or posterior head regions of one or both sides of the head. Frequently blocked or attenuated by opening the eyes. Comment: most commonly associated with unspecified encephalopathy, in children. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Temporal-intermittent-rhythmic-delta-activity-morphology Temporal intermittent rhythmic delta activity (TIRDA). Fairly regular or approximately sinusoidal waves, mostly occurring in bursts at over the temporal areas of one side of the head. Comment: most commonly associated with temporal lobe epilepsy. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-morphology Periodic discharges not further specified (PDs). requireChild inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-superimposed-activity requireChild suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-fast-superimposed-activity suggestedTag Finding-frequency inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-rhythmic-superimposed-activity suggestedTag Finding-frequency inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-sharpness requireChild suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score Spiky-periodic-discharge-sharpness inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Sharp-periodic-discharge-sharpness inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Sharply-contoured-periodic-discharge-sharpness inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Blunt-periodic-discharge-sharpness inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Number-of-periodic-discharge-phases requireChild suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score 1-periodic-discharge-phase inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score 2-periodic-discharge-phases inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score 3-periodic-discharge-phases inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Greater-than-3-periodic-discharge-phases inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-triphasic-morphology suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine Property-exists Property-absence inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-absolute-amplitude requireChild suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-absolute-amplitude-very-low Lower than 20 microV. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Low-periodic-discharge-absolute-amplitude 20 to 49 microV. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Medium-periodic-discharge-absolute-amplitude 50 to 199 microV. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score High-periodic-discharge-absolute-amplitude Greater than 200 microV. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-relative-amplitude requireChild suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-relative-amplitude-less-than-equal-2 inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-relative-amplitude-greater-than-2 inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-polarity requireChild inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-postitive-polarity inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-negative-polarity inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-unclear-polarity inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Source-analysis-property How the current in the brain reaches the electrode sensors. requireChild inLibrary score Source-analysis-laterality requireChild suggestedTag Brain-laterality inLibrary score Source-analysis-brain-region requireChild inLibrary score Source-analysis-frontal-perisylvian-superior-surface inLibrary score Source-analysis-frontal-lateral inLibrary score Source-analysis-frontal-mesial inLibrary score Source-analysis-frontal-polar inLibrary score Source-analysis-frontal-orbitofrontal inLibrary score Source-analysis-temporal-polar inLibrary score Source-analysis-temporal-basal inLibrary score Source-analysis-temporal-lateral-anterior inLibrary score Source-analysis-temporal-lateral-posterior inLibrary score Source-analysis-temporal-perisylvian-inferior-surface inLibrary score Source-analysis-central-lateral-convexity inLibrary score Source-analysis-central-mesial inLibrary score Source-analysis-central-sulcus-anterior-surface inLibrary score Source-analysis-central-sulcus-posterior-surface inLibrary score Source-analysis-central-opercular inLibrary score Source-analysis-parietal-lateral-convexity inLibrary score Source-analysis-parietal-mesial inLibrary score Source-analysis-parietal-opercular inLibrary score Source-analysis-occipital-lateral inLibrary score Source-analysis-occipital-mesial inLibrary score Source-analysis-occipital-basal inLibrary score Source-analysis-insula inLibrary score Location-property Location can be scored for findings. Semiologic finding can also be characterized by the somatotopic modifier (i.e. the part of the body where it occurs). In this respect, laterality (left, right, symmetric, asymmetric, left greater than right, right greater than left), body part (eyelid, face, arm, leg, trunk, visceral, hemi-) and centricity (axial, proximal limb, distal limb) can be scored. requireChild inLibrary score Brain-laterality requireChild inLibrary score Brain-laterality-left inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Brain-laterality-left-greater-right inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Brain-laterality-right inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Brain-laterality-right-greater-left inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Brain-laterality-midline inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Brain-laterality-diffuse-asynchronous inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Brain-region requireChild inLibrary score Brain-region-frontal inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Brain-region-temporal inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Brain-region-central inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Brain-region-parietal inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Brain-region-occipital inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Body-part-location requireChild inLibrary score Eyelid-location inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Face-location inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Arm-location inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Leg-location inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Trunk-location inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Visceral-location inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Hemi-location inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Brain-centricity requireChild inLibrary score Brain-centricity-axial inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Brain-centricity-proximal-limb inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Brain-centricity-distal-limb inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Sensors Lists all corresponding sensors (electrodes/channels in montage). The sensor-group is selected from a list defined in the site-settings for each EEG-lab. requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Finding-propagation When propagation within the graphoelement is observed, first the location of the onset region is scored. Then, the location of the propagation can be noted. suggestedTag Property-exists Property-absence Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Multifocal-finding When the same interictal graphoelement is observed bilaterally and at least in three independent locations, can score them using one entry, and choosing multifocal as a descriptor of the locations of the given interictal graphoelements, optionally emphasizing the involved, and the most active sites. suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine Property-exists Property-absence inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Modulators-property For each described graphoelement, the influence of the modulators can be scored. Only modulators present in the recording are scored. requireChild inLibrary score Modulators-reactivity Susceptibility of individual rhythms or the EEG as a whole to change following sensory stimulation or other physiologic actions. requireChild suggestedTag Property-exists Property-absence inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Eye-closure-sensitivity Eye closure sensitivity. suggestedTag Property-exists Property-absence inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Eye-opening-passive Passive eye opening. Used with base schema Increasing/Decreasing. suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine Finding-stopped-by Finding-unmodified Finding-triggered-by inLibrary score Medication-effect-EEG Medications effect on EEG. Used with base schema Increasing/Decreasing. suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine Finding-stopped-by Finding-unmodified inLibrary score Medication-reduction-effect-EEG Medications reduction or withdrawal effect on EEG. Used with base schema Increasing/Decreasing. suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine Finding-stopped-by Finding-unmodified inLibrary score Auditive-stimuli-effect Used with base schema Increasing/Decreasing. suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine Finding-stopped-by Finding-unmodified inLibrary score Nociceptive-stimuli-effect Used with base schema Increasing/Decreasing. suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine Finding-stopped-by Finding-unmodified Finding-triggered-by inLibrary score Physical-effort-effect Used with base schema Increasing/Decreasing suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine Finding-stopped-by Finding-unmodified Finding-triggered-by inLibrary score Cognitive-task-effect Used with base schema Increasing/Decreasing. suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine Finding-stopped-by Finding-unmodified Finding-triggered-by inLibrary score Other-modulators-effect-EEG requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Facilitating-factor Facilitating factors are defined as transient and sporadic endogenous or exogenous elements capable of augmenting seizure incidence (increasing the likelihood of seizure occurrence). inLibrary score Facilitating-factor-alcohol inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Facilitating-factor-awake inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Facilitating-factor-catamenial inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Facilitating-factor-fever inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Facilitating-factor-sleep inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Facilitating-factor-sleep-deprived inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Facilitating-factor-other requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Provocative-factor Provocative factors are defined as transient and sporadic endogenous or exogenous elements capable of evoking/triggering seizures immediately following the exposure to it. requireChild inLibrary score Hyperventilation-provoked inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Reflex-provoked inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Medication-effect-clinical Medications clinical effect. Used with base schema Increasing/Decreasing. suggestedTag Finding-stopped-by Finding-unmodified inLibrary score Medication-reduction-effect-clinical Medications reduction or withdrawal clinical effect. Used with base schema Increasing/Decreasing. suggestedTag Finding-stopped-by Finding-unmodified inLibrary score Other-modulators-effect-clinical requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Intermittent-photic-stimulation-effect requireChild inLibrary score Posterior-stimulus-dependent-intermittent-photic-stimulation-response suggestedTag Finding-frequency inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Posterior-stimulus-independent-intermittent-photic-stimulation-response-limited limited to the stimulus-train suggestedTag Finding-frequency inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Posterior-stimulus-independent-intermittent-photic-stimulation-response-self-sustained suggestedTag Finding-frequency inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Generalized-photoparoxysmal-intermittent-photic-stimulation-response-limited Limited to the stimulus-train. suggestedTag Finding-frequency inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Generalized-photoparoxysmal-intermittent-photic-stimulation-response-self-sustained suggestedTag Finding-frequency inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Activation-of-pre-existing-epileptogenic-area-intermittent-photic-stimulation-effect suggestedTag Finding-frequency inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Unmodified-intermittent-photic-stimulation-effect inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Quality-of-hyperventilation requireChild inLibrary score Hyperventilation-refused-procedure inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Hyperventilation-poor-effort inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Hyperventilation-good-effort inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Hyperventilation-excellent-effort inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Modulators-effect Tags for describing the influence of the modulators requireChild inLibrary score Modulators-effect-continuous-during-NRS Continuous during non-rapid-eye-movement-sleep (NRS) inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Modulators-effect-only-during inLibrary score # Only during Sleep/Awakening/Hyperventilation/Physical effort/Cognitive task. Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Modulators-effect-change-of-patterns Change of patterns during sleep/awakening. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Time-related-property Important to estimate how often an interictal abnormality is seen in the recording. requireChild inLibrary score Appearance-mode Describes how the non-ictal EEG pattern/graphoelement is distributed through the recording. requireChild suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score Random-appearance-mode Occurrence of the non-ictal EEG pattern / graphoelement without any rhythmicity / periodicity. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Periodic-appearance-mode Non-ictal EEG pattern / graphoelement occurring at an approximately regular rate / interval (generally of 1 to several seconds). inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Variable-appearance-mode Occurrence of non-ictal EEG pattern / graphoelements, that is sometimes rhythmic or periodic, other times random, throughout the recording. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Intermittent-appearance-mode inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Continuous-appearance-mode inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Discharge-pattern Describes the organization of the EEG signal within the discharge (distinguish between single and repetitive discharges) requireChild inLibrary score Single-discharge-pattern Applies to the intra-burst pattern: a graphoelement that is not repetitive; before and after the graphoelement one can distinguish the background activity. suggestedTag Finding-incidence inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Rhythmic-trains-or-bursts-discharge-pattern Applies to the intra-burst pattern: a non-ictal graphoelement that repeats itself without returning to the background activity between them. The graphoelements within this repetition occur at approximately constant period. suggestedTag Finding-prevalence Finding-frequency inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Arrhythmic-trains-or-bursts-discharge-pattern Applies to the intra-burst pattern: a non-ictal graphoelement that repeats itself without returning to the background activity between them. The graphoelements within this repetition occur at inconstant period. suggestedTag Finding-prevalence inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Fragmented-discharge-pattern inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-time-related-features Periodic discharges not further specified (PDs) time-relayed features tags. requireChild inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-duration requireChild suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score Very-brief-periodic-discharge-duration Less than 10 sec. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Brief-periodic-discharge-duration 10 to 59 sec. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Intermediate-periodic-discharge-duration 1 to 4.9 min. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Long-periodic-discharge-duration 5 to 59 min. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Very-long-periodic-discharge-duration Greater than 1 hour. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-onset requireChild suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score Sudden-periodic-discharge-onset inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Gradual-periodic-discharge-onset inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Periodic-discharge-dynamics requireChild suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score Evolving-periodic-discharge-dynamics inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Fluctuating-periodic-discharge-dynamics inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Static-periodic-discharge-dynamics inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Finding-extent Percentage of occurrence during the recording (background activity and interictal finding). inLibrary score # takesValue valueClass numericClass inLibrary score Finding-incidence How often it occurs/time-epoch. requireChild inLibrary score Only-once-finding-incidence inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Rare-finding-incidence less than 1/h inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Uncommon-finding-incidence 1/5 min to 1/h. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Occasional-finding-incidence 1/min to 1/5min. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Frequent-finding-incidence 1/10 s to 1/min. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Abundant-finding-incidence Greater than 1/10 s). inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Finding-prevalence The percentage of the recording covered by the train/burst. requireChild inLibrary score Rare-finding-prevalence Less than 1 percent. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Occasional-finding-prevalence 1 to 9 percent. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Frequent-finding-prevalence 10 to 49 percent. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Abundant-finding-prevalence 50 to 89 percent. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Continuous-finding-prevalence Greater than 90 percent. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-property Posterior dominant rhythm is the most often scored EEG feature in clinical practice. Therefore, there are specific terms that can be chosen for characterizing the PDR. requireChild inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-amplitude-range requireChild suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score Low-posterior-dominant-rhythm-amplitude-range Low (less than 20 microV). inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Medium-posterior-dominant-rhythm-amplitude-range Medium (between 20 and 70 microV). inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score High-posterior-dominant-rhythm-amplitude-range High (more than 70 microV). inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-frequency-asymmetry When symmetrical could be labeled with base schema Symmetrical tag. requireChild inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-frequency-asymmetry-lower-left Hz lower on the left side. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-frequency-asymmetry-lower-right Hz lower on the right side. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-eye-opening-reactivity Change (disappearance or measurable decrease in amplitude) of a posterior dominant rhythm following eye-opening. Eye closure has the opposite effect. suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-eye-opening-reactivity-reduced-left Reduced left side reactivity. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-eye-opening-reactivity-reduced-right Reduced right side reactivity. inLibrary score # free text takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-eye-opening-reactivity-reduced-both Reduced reactivity on both sides. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-organization When normal could be labeled with base schema Normal tag. requireChild inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-organization-poorly-organized Poorly organized. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-organization-disorganized Disorganized. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-organization-markedly-disorganized Markedly disorganized. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-caveat Caveat to the annotation of PDR. requireChild inLibrary score No-posterior-dominant-rhythm-caveat inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-caveat-only-open-eyes-during-the-recording inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-caveat-sleep-deprived-caveat inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-caveat-drowsy inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Posterior-dominant-rhythm-caveat-only-following-hyperventilation inLibrary score Absence-of-posterior-dominant-rhythm Reason for absence of PDR. requireChild inLibrary score Absence-of-posterior-dominant-rhythm-artifacts inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Absence-of-posterior-dominant-rhythm-extreme-low-voltage inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Absence-of-posterior-dominant-rhythm-eye-closure-could-not-be-achieved inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Absence-of-posterior-dominant-rhythm-lack-of-awake-period inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Absence-of-posterior-dominant-rhythm-lack-of-compliance inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Absence-of-posterior-dominant-rhythm-other-causes requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Episode-property requireChild inLibrary score Seizure-classification Seizure classification refers to the grouping of seizures based on their clinical features, EEG patterns, and other characteristics. Epileptic seizures are named using the current ILAE seizure classification (Fisher et al., 2017, Beniczky et al., 2017). requireChild inLibrary score Motor-seizure Involves musculature in any form. The motor event could consist of an increase (positive) or decrease (negative) in muscle contraction to produce a movement. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Motor-onset-seizure deprecatedFrom 1.0.0 inLibrary score Myoclonic-motor-seizure Sudden, brief ( lower than 100 msec) involuntary single or multiple contraction(s) of muscles(s) or muscle groups of variable topography (axial, proximal limb, distal). Myoclonus is less regularly repetitive and less sustained than is clonus. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Myoclonic-motor-onset-seizure deprecatedFrom 1.0.0 inLibrary score Negative-myoclonic-motor-seizure inLibrary score Negative-myoclonic-motor-onset-seizure deprecatedFrom 1.0.0 inLibrary score Clonic-motor-seizure Jerking, either symmetric or asymmetric, that is regularly repetitive and involves the same muscle groups. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Clonic-motor-onset-seizure deprecatedFrom 1.0.0 inLibrary score Tonic-motor-seizure A sustained increase in muscle contraction lasting a few seconds to minutes. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Tonic-motor-onset-seizure deprecatedFrom 1.0.0 inLibrary score Atonic-motor-seizure Sudden loss or diminution of muscle tone without apparent preceding myoclonic or tonic event lasting about 1 to 2 s, involving head, trunk, jaw, or limb musculature. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Atonic-motor-onset-seizure deprecatedFrom 1.0.0 inLibrary score Myoclonic-atonic-motor-seizure A generalized seizure type with a myoclonic jerk leading to an atonic motor component. This type was previously called myoclonic astatic. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Myoclonic-atonic-motor-onset-seizure deprecatedFrom 1.0.0 inLibrary score Myoclonic-tonic-clonic-motor-seizure One or a few jerks of limbs bilaterally, followed by a tonic clonic seizure. The initial jerks can be considered to be either a brief period of clonus or myoclonus. Seizures with this characteristic are common in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Myoclonic-tonic-clonic-motor-onset-seizure deprecatedFrom 1.0.0 inLibrary score Tonic-clonic-motor-seizure A sequence consisting of a tonic followed by a clonic phase. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Tonic-clonic-motor-onset-seizure deprecatedFrom 1.0.0 inLibrary score Automatism-motor-seizure A more or less coordinated motor activity usually occurring when cognition is impaired and for which the subject is usually (but not always) amnesic afterward. This often resembles a voluntary movement and may consist of an inappropriate continuation of preictal motor activity. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Automatism-motor-onset-seizure deprecatedFrom 1.0.0 inLibrary score Hyperkinetic-motor-seizure inLibrary score Hyperkinetic-motor-onset-seizure deprecatedFrom 1.0.0 inLibrary score Epileptic-spasm-episode A sudden flexion, extension, or mixed extension flexion of predominantly proximal and truncal muscles that is usually more sustained than a myoclonic movement but not as sustained as a tonic seizure. Limited forms may occur: Grimacing, head nodding, or subtle eye movements. Epileptic spasms frequently occur in clusters. Infantile spasms are the best known form, but spasms can occur at all ages. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Nonmotor-seizure Focal or generalized seizure types in which motor activity is not prominent. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Behavior-arrest-nonmotor-seizure Arrest (pause) of activities, freezing, immobilization, as in behavior arrest seizure. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Sensory-nonmotor-seizure A perceptual experience not caused by appropriate stimuli in the external world. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Emotional-nonmotor-seizure Seizures presenting with an emotion or the appearance of having an emotion as an early prominent feature, such as fear, spontaneous joy or euphoria, laughing (gelastic), or crying (dacrystic). Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Cognitive-nonmotor-seizure Pertaining to thinking and higher cortical functions, such as language, spatial perception, memory, and praxis. The previous term for similar usage as a seizure type was psychic. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Autonomic-nonmotor-seizure A distinct alteration of autonomic nervous system function involving cardiovascular, pupillary, gastrointestinal, sudomotor, vasomotor, and thermoregulatory functions. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Absence-seizure Absence seizures present with a sudden cessation of activity and awareness. Absence seizures tend to occur in younger age groups, have more sudden start and termination, and they usually display less complex automatisms than do focal seizures with impaired awareness, but the distinctions are not absolute. EEG information may be required for accurate classification. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Typical-absence-seizure A sudden onset, interruption of ongoing activities, a blank stare, possibly a brief upward deviation of the eyes. Usually the patient will be unresponsive when spoken to. Duration is a few seconds to half a minute with very rapid recovery. Although not always available, an EEG would show generalized epileptiform discharges during the event. An absence seizure is by definition a seizure of generalized onset. The word is not synonymous with a blank stare, which also can be encountered with focal onset seizures. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Atypical-absence-seizure An absence seizure with changes in tone that are more pronounced than in typical absence or the onset and/or cessation is not abrupt, often associated with slow, irregular, generalized spike-wave activity. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Myoclonic-absence-seizure A myoclonic absence seizure refers to an absence seizure with rhythmic three-per-second myoclonic movements, causing ratcheting abduction of the upper limbs leading to progressive arm elevation, and associated with three-per-second generalized spike-wave discharges. Duration is typically 10 to 60 s. Impairment of consciousness may not be obvious. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Eyelid-myoclonia-absence-seizure Eyelid myoclonia are myoclonic jerks of the eyelids and upward deviation of the eyes, often precipitated by closing the eyes or by light. Eyelid myoclonia can be associated with absences, but also can be motor seizures without a corresponding absence, making them difficult to categorize. The 2017 classification groups them with nonmotor (absence) seizures, which may seem counterintuitive, but the myoclonia in this instance is meant to link with absence, rather than with nonmotor. Definition from ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version inLibrary score Episode-phase The electroclinical findings (i.e., the seizure semiology and the ictal EEG) are divided in three phases: onset, propagation, and postictal. requireChild suggestedTag Seizure-semiology-manifestation Postictal-semiology-manifestation Ictal-EEG-patterns inLibrary score Episode-phase-initial inLibrary score Episode-phase-subsequent inLibrary score Episode-phase-postictal inLibrary score Seizure-semiology-manifestation Seizure semiology refers to the clinical features or signs that are observed during a seizure, such as the type of movements or behaviors exhibited by the person having the seizure, the duration of the seizure, the level of consciousness, and any associated symptoms such as aura or postictal confusion. In other words, seizure semiology describes the physical manifestations of a seizure. Semiology is described according to the ILAE Glossary of Descriptive Terminology for Ictal Semiology (Blume et al., 2001). Besides the name, the semiologic finding can also be characterized by the somatotopic modifier, laterality, body part and centricity. Uses Location-property tags. requireChild inLibrary score Semiology-motor-manifestation inLibrary score Semiology-elementary-motor inLibrary score Semiology-motor-tonic A sustained increase in muscle contraction lasting a few seconds to minutes. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-dystonic Sustained contractions of both agonist and antagonist muscles producing athetoid or twisting movements, which, when prolonged, may produce abnormal postures. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-epileptic-spasm A sudden flexion, extension, or mixed extension flexion of predominantly proximal and truncal muscles that is usually more sustained than a myoclonic movement but not so sustained as a tonic seizure (i.e., about 1 s). Limited forms may occur: grimacing, head nodding. Frequent occurrence in clusters. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-postural Adoption of a posture that may be bilaterally symmetric or asymmetric (as in a fencing posture). suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-versive A sustained, forced conjugate ocular, cephalic, and/or truncal rotation or lateral deviation from the midline. suggestedTag Body-part-location Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-clonic Myoclonus that is regularly repetitive, involves the same muscle groups, at a frequency of about 2 to 3 c/s, and is prolonged. Synonym: rhythmic myoclonus . suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-myoclonic Characterized by myoclonus. MYOCLONUS : sudden, brief (lower than 100 ms) involuntary single or multiple contraction(s) of muscles(s) or muscle groups of variable topography (axial, proximal limb, distal). suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-jacksonian-march Term indicating spread of clonic movements through contiguous body parts unilaterally. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-negative-myoclonus Characterized by negative myoclonus. NEGATIVE MYOCLONUS: interruption of tonic muscular activity for lower than 500 ms without evidence of preceding myoclonia. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-tonic-clonic A sequence consisting of a tonic followed by a clonic phase. Variants such as clonic-tonic-clonic may be seen. Asymmetry of limb posture during the tonic phase of a GTC: one arm is rigidly extended at the elbow (often with the fist clenched tightly and flexed at the wrist), whereas the opposite arm is flexed at the elbow. requireChild inLibrary score Semiology-motor-tonic-clonic-without-figure-of-four suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-tonic-clonic-with-figure-of-four-extension-left-elbow suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-tonic-clonic-with-figure-of-four-extension-right-elbow suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-astatic Loss of erect posture that results from an atonic, myoclonic, or tonic mechanism. Synonym: drop attack. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-atonic Sudden loss or diminution of muscle tone without apparent preceding myoclonic or tonic event lasting greater or equal to 1 to 2 s, involving head, trunk, jaw, or limb musculature. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-eye-blinking suggestedTag Brain-laterality Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-other-elementary-motor requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Semiology-motor-automatisms inLibrary score Semiology-motor-automatisms-mimetic Facial expression suggesting an emotional state, often fear. suggestedTag Episode-responsiveness Episode-appearance Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-automatisms-oroalimentary Lip smacking, lip pursing, chewing, licking, tooth grinding, or swallowing. suggestedTag Episode-responsiveness Episode-appearance Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-automatisms-dacrystic Bursts of crying. suggestedTag Episode-responsiveness Episode-appearance Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-automatisms-dyspraxic Inability to perform learned movements spontaneously or on command or imitation despite intact relevant motor and sensory systems and adequate comprehension and cooperation. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-responsiveness Episode-appearance Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-automatisms-manual 1. Indicates principally distal components, bilateral or unilateral. 2. Fumbling, tapping, manipulating movements. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-centricity Episode-responsiveness Episode-appearance Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-automatisms-gestural Semipurposive, asynchronous hand movements. Often unilateral. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Episode-responsiveness Episode-appearance Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-automatisms-pedal 1. Indicates principally distal components, bilateral or unilateral. 2. Fumbling, tapping, manipulating movements. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-centricity Episode-responsiveness Episode-appearance Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-automatisms-hypermotor 1. Involves predominantly proximal limb or axial muscles producing irregular sequential ballistic movements, such as pedaling, pelvic thrusting, thrashing, rocking movements. 2. Increase in rate of ongoing movements or inappropriately rapid performance of a movement. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-responsiveness Episode-appearance Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-automatisms-hypokinetic A decrease in amplitude and/or rate or arrest of ongoing motor activity. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-responsiveness Episode-appearance Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-automatisms-gelastic Bursts of laughter or giggling, usually without an appropriate affective tone. suggestedTag Episode-responsiveness Episode-appearance Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-motor-other-automatisms requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Semiology-motor-behavioral-arrest Interruption of ongoing motor activity or of ongoing behaviors with fixed gaze, without movement of the head or trunk (oro-alimentary and hand automatisms may continue). suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-non-motor-manifestation inLibrary score Semiology-sensory inLibrary score Semiology-sensory-headache Headache occurring in close temporal proximity to the seizure or as the sole seizure manifestation. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-sensory-visual Flashing or flickering lights, spots, simple patterns, scotomata, or amaurosis. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-sensory-auditory Buzzing, drumming sounds or single tones. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-sensory-olfactory suggestedTag Body-part-location Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-sensory-gustatory Taste sensations including acidic, bitter, salty, sweet, or metallic. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-sensory-epigastric Abdominal discomfort including nausea, emptiness, tightness, churning, butterflies, malaise, pain, and hunger; sensation may rise to chest or throat. Some phenomena may reflect ictal autonomic dysfunction. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-sensory-somatosensory Tingling, numbness, electric-shock sensation, sense of movement or desire to move. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-sensory-painful Peripheral (lateralized/bilateral), cephalic, abdominal. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-sensory-autonomic-sensation A sensation consistent with involvement of the autonomic nervous system, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, sudomotor, vasomotor, and thermoregulatory functions. (Thus autonomic aura; cf. autonomic events 3.0). suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-sensory-other requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Semiology-experiential inLibrary score Semiology-experiential-affective-emotional Components include fear, depression, joy, and (rarely) anger. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-experiential-hallucinatory Composite perceptions without corresponding external stimuli involving visual, auditory, somatosensory, olfactory, and/or gustatory phenomena. Example: hearing and seeing people talking. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-experiential-illusory An alteration of actual percepts involving the visual, auditory, somatosensory, olfactory, or gustatory systems. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-experiential-mnemonic Components that reflect ictal dysmnesia such as feelings of familiarity (deja-vu) and unfamiliarity (jamais-vu). inLibrary score Semiology-experiential-mnemonic-Deja-vu suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-experiential-mnemonic-Jamais-vu suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-experiential-other requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Semiology-dyscognitive The term describes events in which (1) disturbance of cognition is the predominant or most apparent feature, and (2a) two or more of the following components are involved, or (2b) involvement of such components remains undetermined. Otherwise, use the more specific term (e.g., mnemonic experiential seizure or hallucinatory experiential seizure). Components of cognition: ++ perception: symbolic conception of sensory information ++ attention: appropriate selection of a principal perception or task ++ emotion: appropriate affective significance of a perception ++ memory: ability to store and retrieve percepts or concepts ++ executive function: anticipation, selection, monitoring of consequences, and initiation of motor activity including praxis, speech. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-language-related inLibrary score Semiology-language-related-vocalization suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-language-related-verbalization suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-language-related-dysphasia suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-language-related-aphasia suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-language-related-other requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Semiology-autonomic inLibrary score Semiology-autonomic-pupillary Mydriasis, miosis (either bilateral or unilateral). suggestedTag Brain-laterality Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-autonomic-hypersalivation Increase in production of saliva leading to uncontrollable drooling suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-autonomic-respiratory-apnoeic subjective shortness of breath, hyperventilation, stridor, coughing, choking, apnea, oxygen desaturation, neurogenic pulmonary edema. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-autonomic-cardiovascular Modifications of heart rate (tachycardia, bradycardia), cardiac arrhythmias (such as sinus arrhythmia, sinus arrest, supraventricular tachycardia, atrial premature depolarizations, ventricular premature depolarizations, atrio-ventricular block, bundle branch block, atrioventricular nodal escape rhythm, asystole). suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-autonomic-gastrointestinal Nausea, eructation, vomiting, retching, abdominal sensations, abdominal pain, flatulence, spitting, diarrhea. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-autonomic-urinary-incontinence urinary urge (intense urinary urge at the beginning of seizures), urinary incontinence, ictal urination (rare symptom of partial seizures without loss of consciousness). suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-autonomic-genital Sexual auras (erotic thoughts and feelings, sexual arousal and orgasm). Genital auras (unpleasant, sometimes painful, frightening or emotionally neutral somatosensory sensations in the genitals that can be accompanied by ictal orgasm). Sexual automatisms (hypermotor movements consisting of writhing, thrusting, rhythmic movements of the pelvis, arms and legs, sometimes associated with picking and rhythmic manipulation of the groin or genitalia, exhibitionism and masturbation). suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-autonomic-vasomotor Flushing or pallor (may be accompanied by feelings of warmth, cold and pain). suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-autonomic-sudomotor Sweating and piloerection (may be accompanied by feelings of warmth, cold and pain). suggestedTag Brain-laterality Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-autonomic-thermoregulatory Hyperthermia, fever. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Semiology-autonomic-other requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Semiology-manifestation-other requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Postictal-semiology-manifestation requireChild inLibrary score Postictal-semiology-unconscious suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Postictal-semiology-quick-recovery-of-consciousness Quick recovery of awareness and responsiveness. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Postictal-semiology-aphasia-or-dysphasia Impaired communication involving language without dysfunction of relevant primary motor or sensory pathways, manifested as impaired comprehension, anomia, parahasic errors or a combination of these. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Postictal-semiology-behavioral-change Occurring immediately after a aseizure. Including psychosis, hypomanina, obsessive-compulsive behavior. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Postictal-semiology-hemianopia Postictal visual loss in a a hemi field. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Episode-event-count inLibrary score Postictal-semiology-impaired-cognition Decreased Cognitive performance involving one or more of perception, attention, emotion, memory, execution, praxis, speech. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Postictal-semiology-dysphoria Depression, irritability, euphoric mood, fear, anxiety. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Postictal-semiology-headache Headache with features of tension-type or migraine headache that develops within 3 h following the seizure and resolves within 72 h after seizure. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Postictal-semiology-nose-wiping Noes-wiping usually within 60 sec of seizure offset, usually with the hand ipsilateral to the seizure onset. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Episode-event-count inLibrary score Postictal-semiology-anterograde-amnesia Impaired ability to remember new material. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Postictal-semiology-retrograde-amnesia Impaired ability to recall previously remember material. suggestedTag Episode-event-count inLibrary score Postictal-semiology-paresis Todds palsy. Any unilateral postictal dysfunction relating to motor, language, sensory and/or integrative functions. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity Episode-event-count inLibrary score Postictal-semiology-sleep Invincible need to sleep after a seizure. inLibrary score Postictal-semiology-unilateral-myoclonic-jerks unilateral motor phenomena, other then specified, occurring in postictal phase. inLibrary score Postictal-semiology-other-unilateral-motor-phenomena requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Polygraphic-channel-relation-to-episode requireChild suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score Polygraphic-channel-cause-to-episode inLibrary score Polygraphic-channel-consequence-of-episode inLibrary score Ictal-EEG-patterns inLibrary score Ictal-EEG-patterns-obscured-by-artifacts The interpretation of the EEG is not possible due to artifacts. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Ictal-EEG-activity suggestedTag Polyspikes-morphology Fast-spike-activity-morphology Low-voltage-fast-activity-morphology Polysharp-waves-morphology Spike-and-slow-wave-morphology Polyspike-and-slow-wave-morphology Sharp-and-slow-wave-morphology Rhythmic-activity-morphology Slow-wave-large-amplitude-morphology Irregular-delta-or-theta-activity-morphology Electrodecremental-change-morphology DC-shift-morphology Disappearance-of-ongoing-activity-morphology Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Source-analysis-laterality Source-analysis-brain-region Episode-event-count inLibrary score Postictal-EEG-activity suggestedTag Brain-laterality Body-part-location Brain-centricity inLibrary score Episode-time-context-property Additional clinically relevant features related to episodes can be scored under timing and context. If needed, episode duration can be tagged with base schema /Property/Data-property/Data-value/Spatiotemporal-value/Temporal-value/Duration. inLibrary score Episode-consciousness requireChild suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score Episode-consciousness-not-tested inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Episode-consciousness-affected inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Episode-consciousness-mildly-affected inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Episode-consciousness-not-affected inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Episode-awareness suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine Property-exists Property-absence inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score Clinical-start-followed-EEG Clinical start, followed by EEG start by X seconds. inLibrary score # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass timeUnits inLibrary score EEG-start-followed-clinical EEG start, followed by clinical start by X seconds. inLibrary score # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass timeUnits inLibrary score Simultaneous-start-clinical-EEG inLibrary score Clinical-EEG-temporal-relationship-notes Clinical notes to annotate the clinical-EEG temporal relationship. inLibrary score # takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Episode-event-count Number of stereotypical episodes during the recording. suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score # takesValue valueClass numericClass inLibrary score State-episode-start State at the start of the episode. requireChild suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score Episode-start-from-sleep inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Episode-start-from-awake inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Episode-postictal-phase suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass timeUnits inLibrary score Episode-prodrome Prodrome is a preictal phenomenon, and it is defined as a subjective or objective clinical alteration (e.g., ill-localized sensation or agitation) that heralds the onset of an epileptic seizure but does not form part of it (Blume et al., 2001). Therefore, prodrome should be distinguished from aura (which is an ictal phenomenon). suggestedTag Property-exists Property-absence inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Episode-tongue-biting suggestedTag Property-exists Property-absence inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Episode-responsiveness requireChild suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score Episode-responsiveness-preserved inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Episode-responsiveness-affected inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Episode-appearance requireChild inLibrary score Episode-appearance-interactive inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Episode-appearance-spontaneous inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Seizure-dynamics Spatiotemporal dynamics can be scored (evolution in morphology; evolution in frequency; evolution in location). requireChild inLibrary score Seizure-dynamics-evolution-morphology inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Seizure-dynamics-evolution-frequency inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Seizure-dynamics-evolution-location inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Seizure-dynamics-not-possible-to-determine Not possible to determine. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Other-finding-property requireChild inLibrary score Artifact-significance-to-recording It is important to score the significance of the described artifacts: recording is not interpretable, recording of reduced diagnostic value, does not interfere with the interpretation of the recording. requireChild inLibrary score Recording-not-interpretable-due-to-artifact inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Recording-of-reduced-diagnostic-value-due-to-artifact inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Artifact-does-not-interfere-recording inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Finding-significance-to-recording Significance of finding. When normal/abnormal could be labeled with base schema Normal/Abnormal tags. requireChild inLibrary score Finding-no-definite-abnormality inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Finding-significance-not-possible-to-determine Not possible to determine. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Finding-frequency Value in Hz (number) typed in. inLibrary score # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass frequencyUnits inLibrary score Finding-amplitude Value in microvolts (number) typed in. inLibrary score # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass electricPotentialUnits inLibrary score Finding-amplitude-asymmetry For posterior dominant rhythm: a difference in amplitude between the homologous area on opposite sides of the head that consistently exceeds 50 percent. When symmetrical could be labeled with base schema Symmetrical tag. For sleep: Absence or consistently marked amplitude asymmetry (greater than 50 percent) of a normal sleep graphoelement. requireChild inLibrary score Finding-amplitude-asymmetry-lower-left Amplitude lower on the left side. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Finding-amplitude-asymmetry-lower-right Amplitude lower on the right side. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Finding-amplitude-asymmetry-not-possible-to-determine Not possible to determine. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Finding-stopped-by inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Finding-triggered-by inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Finding-unmodified inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Property-not-possible-to-determine Not possible to determine. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Property-exists inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Property-absence inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Interictal-finding EEG pattern / transient that is distinguished form the background activity, considered abnormal, but is not recorded during ictal period (seizure) or postictal period; the presence of an interictal finding does not necessarily imply that the patient has epilepsy. requireChild inLibrary score Epileptiform-interictal-activity suggestedTag Spike-morphology Spike-and-slow-wave-morphology Runs-of-rapid-spikes-morphology Polyspikes-morphology Polyspike-and-slow-wave-morphology Sharp-wave-morphology Sharp-and-slow-wave-morphology Slow-sharp-wave-morphology High-frequency-oscillation-morphology Hypsarrhythmia-classic-morphology Hypsarrhythmia-modified-morphology Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Finding-propagation Multifocal-finding Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern Finding-incidence inLibrary score Abnormal-interictal-rhythmic-activity suggestedTag Rhythmic-activity-morphology Polymorphic-delta-activity-morphology Frontal-intermittent-rhythmic-delta-activity-morphology Occipital-intermittent-rhythmic-delta-activity-morphology Temporal-intermittent-rhythmic-delta-activity-morphology Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern Finding-incidence inLibrary score Interictal-special-patterns requireChild inLibrary score Interictal-periodic-discharges Periodic discharge not further specified (PDs). suggestedTag Periodic-discharge-morphology Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Periodic-discharge-time-related-features inLibrary score Generalized-periodic-discharges GPDs. inLibrary score Lateralized-periodic-discharges LPDs. inLibrary score Bilateral-independent-periodic-discharges BIPDs. inLibrary score Multifocal-periodic-discharges MfPDs. inLibrary score Extreme-delta-brush suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Item An independently existing thing (living or nonliving). extensionAllowed Biological-item An entity that is biological, that is related to living organisms. Anatomical-item A biological structure, system, fluid or other substance excluding single molecular entities. Body The biological structure representing an organism. Body-part Any part of an organism. Head The upper part of the human body, or the front or upper part of the body of an animal, typically separated from the rest of the body by a neck, and containing the brain, mouth, and sense organs. Ear A sense organ needed for the detection of sound and for establishing balance. Face The anterior portion of the head extending from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear. The facial structures contain the eyes, nose and mouth, cheeks and jaws. Cheek The fleshy part of the face bounded by the eyes, nose, ear, and jaw line. Chin The part of the face below the lower lip and including the protruding part of the lower jaw. Eye The organ of sight or vision. Eyebrow The arched strip of hair on the bony ridge above each eye socket. Forehead The part of the face between the eyebrows and the normal hairline. Lip Fleshy fold which surrounds the opening of the mouth. Mouth The proximal portion of the digestive tract, containing the oral cavity and bounded by the oral opening. Nose A structure of special sense serving as an organ of the sense of smell and as an entrance to the respiratory tract. Teeth The hard bonelike structures in the jaws. A collection of teeth arranged in some pattern in the mouth or other part of the body. Hair The filamentous outgrowth of the epidermis. Lower-extremity Refers to the whole inferior limb (leg and/or foot). Ankle A gliding joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the proximal end of the talus. Calf The fleshy part at the back of the leg below the knee. Foot The structure found below the ankle joint required for locomotion. Big-toe The largest toe on the inner side of the foot. Heel The back of the foot below the ankle. Instep The part of the foot between the ball and the heel on the inner side. Little-toe The smallest toe located on the outer side of the foot. Toes The terminal digits of the foot. Knee A joint connecting the lower part of the femur with the upper part of the tibia. Shin Front part of the leg below the knee. Thigh Upper part of the leg between hip and knee. Torso The body excluding the head and neck and limbs. Buttocks The round fleshy parts that form the lower rear area of a human trunk. Gentalia The external organs of reproduction. deprecatedFrom 8.1.0 Hip The lateral prominence of the pelvis from the waist to the thigh. Torso-back The rear surface of the human body from the shoulders to the hips. Torso-chest The anterior side of the thorax from the neck to the abdomen. Waist The abdominal circumference at the navel. Upper-extremity Refers to the whole superior limb (shoulder, arm, elbow, wrist, hand). Elbow A type of hinge joint located between the forearm and upper arm. Forearm Lower part of the arm between the elbow and wrist. Hand The distal portion of the upper extremity. It consists of the carpus, metacarpus, and digits. Finger Any of the digits of the hand. Index-finger The second finger from the radial side of the hand, next to the thumb. Little-finger The fifth and smallest finger from the radial side of the hand. Middle-finger The middle or third finger from the radial side of the hand. Ring-finger The fourth finger from the radial side of the hand. Thumb The thick and short hand digit which is next to the index finger in humans. Knuckles A part of a finger at a joint where the bone is near the surface, especially where the finger joins the hand. Palm The part of the inner surface of the hand that extends from the wrist to the bases of the fingers. Shoulder Joint attaching upper arm to trunk. Upper-arm Portion of arm between shoulder and elbow. Wrist A joint between the distal end of the radius and the proximal row of carpal bones. Organism A living entity, more specifically a biological entity that consists of one or more cells and is capable of genomic replication (independently or not). Animal A living organism that has membranous cell walls, requires oxygen and organic foods, and is capable of voluntary movement. Human The bipedal primate mammal Homo sapiens. Plant Any living organism that typically synthesizes its food from inorganic substances and possesses cellulose cell walls. Language-item An entity related to a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds, symbols, or gestures. suggestedTag Sensory-presentation Character A mark or symbol used in writing. Clause A unit of grammatical organization next below the sentence in rank, usually consisting of a subject and predicate. Glyph A hieroglyphic character, symbol, or pictograph. Nonword A group of letters or speech sounds that looks or sounds like a word but that is not accepted as such by native speakers. Paragraph A distinct section of a piece of writing, usually dealing with a single theme. Phoneme A speech sound that is distinguished by the speakers of a particular language. Phrase A phrase is a group of words functioning as a single unit in the syntax of a sentence. Sentence A set of words that is complete in itself, conveying a statement, question, exclamation, or command and typically containing an explicit or implied subject and a predicate containing a finite verb. Syllable A unit of spoken language larger than a phoneme. Textblock A block of text. Word A word is the smallest free form (an item that may be expressed in isolation with semantic or pragmatic content) in a language. Object Something perceptible by one or more of the senses, especially by vision or touch. A material thing. suggestedTag Sensory-presentation Geometric-object An object or a representation that has structure and topology in space. 2D-shape A planar, two-dimensional shape. Arrow A shape with a pointed end indicating direction. Clockface The dial face of a clock. A location identifier based on clockface numbering or anatomic subregion. Cross A figure or mark formed by two intersecting lines crossing at their midpoints. Dash A horizontal stroke in writing or printing to mark a pause or break in sense or to represent omitted letters or words. Ellipse A closed plane curve resulting from the intersection of a circular cone and a plane cutting completely through it, especially a plane not parallel to the base. Circle A ring-shaped structure with every point equidistant from the center. Rectangle A parallelogram with four right angles. Square A square is a special rectangle with four equal sides. Single-point A point is a geometric entity that is located in a zero-dimensional spatial region and whose position is defined by its coordinates in some coordinate system. Star A conventional or stylized representation of a star, typically one having five or more points. Triangle A three-sided polygon. 3D-shape A geometric three-dimensional shape. Box A square or rectangular vessel, usually made of cardboard or plastic. Cube A solid or semi-solid in the shape of a three dimensional square. Cone A shape whose base is a circle and whose sides taper up to a point. Cylinder A surface formed by circles of a given radius that are contained in a plane perpendicular to a given axis, whose centers align on the axis. Ellipsoid A closed plane curve resulting from the intersection of a circular cone and a plane cutting completely through it, especially a plane not parallel to the base. Sphere A solid or hollow three-dimensional object bounded by a closed surface such that every point on the surface is equidistant from the center. Pyramid A polyhedron of which one face is a polygon of any number of sides, and the other faces are triangles with a common vertex. Pattern An arrangement of objects, facts, behaviors, or other things which have scientific, mathematical, geometric, statistical, or other meaning. Dots A small round mark or spot. LED-pattern A pattern created by lighting selected members of a fixed light emitting diode array. Ingestible-object Something that can be taken into the body by the mouth for digestion or absorption. Man-made-object Something constructed by human means. Building A structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place. Attic A room or a space immediately below the roof of a building. Basement The part of a building that is wholly or partly below ground level. Entrance The means or place of entry. Roof A roof is the covering on the uppermost part of a building which provides protection from animals and weather, notably rain, but also heat, wind and sunlight. Room An area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling. Clothing A covering designed to be worn on the body. Device An object contrived for a specific purpose. Assistive-device A device that help an individual accomplish a task. Glasses Frames with lenses worn in front of the eye for vision correction, eye protection, or protection from UV rays. Writing-device A device used for writing. Pen A common writing instrument used to apply ink to a surface for writing or drawing. Pencil An implement for writing or drawing that is constructed of a narrow solid pigment core in a protective casing that prevents the core from being broken or marking the hand. Computing-device An electronic device which take inputs and processes results from the inputs. Cellphone A telephone with access to a cellular radio system so it can be used over a wide area, without a physical connection to a network. Desktop-computer A computer suitable for use at an ordinary desk. Laptop-computer A computer that is portable and suitable for use while traveling. Tablet-computer A small portable computer that accepts input directly on to its screen rather than via a keyboard or mouse. Engine A motor is a machine designed to convert one or more forms of energy into mechanical energy. IO-device Hardware used by a human (or other system) to communicate with a computer. Input-device A piece of equipment used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer or information appliance. Computer-mouse A hand-held pointing device that detects two-dimensional motion relative to a surface. Mouse-button An electric switch on a computer mouse which can be pressed or clicked to select or interact with an element of a graphical user interface. Scroll-wheel A scroll wheel or mouse wheel is a wheel used for scrolling made of hard plastic with a rubbery surface usually located between the left and right mouse buttons and is positioned perpendicular to the mouse surface. Joystick A control device that uses a movable handle to create two-axis input for a computer device. Keyboard A device consisting of mechanical keys that are pressed to create input to a computer. Keyboard-key A button on a keyboard usually representing letters, numbers, functions, or symbols. # Value of a keyboard key. takesValue Keypad A device consisting of keys, usually in a block arrangement, that provides limited input to a system. Keypad-key A key on a separate section of a computer keyboard that groups together numeric keys and those for mathematical or other special functions in an arrangement like that of a calculator. # Value of keypad key. takesValue Microphone A device designed to convert sound to an electrical signal. Push-button A switch designed to be operated by pressing a button. Output-device Any piece of computer hardware equipment which converts information into human understandable form. Auditory-device A device designed to produce sound. Headphones An instrument that consists of a pair of small loudspeakers, or less commonly a single speaker, held close to ears and connected to a signal source such as an audio amplifier, radio, CD player or portable media player. Loudspeaker A device designed to convert electrical signals to sounds that can be heard. Display-device An output device for presentation of information in visual or tactile form the latter used for example in tactile electronic displays for blind people. Computer-screen An electronic device designed as a display or a physical device designed to be a protective meshwork. Screen-window A part of a computer screen that contains a display different from the rest of the screen. A window is a graphical control element consisting of a visual area containing some of the graphical user interface of the program it belongs to and is framed by a window decoration. Head-mounted-display An instrument that functions as a display device, worn on the head or as part of a helmet, that has a small display optic in front of one (monocular HMD) or each eye (binocular HMD). LED-display A LED display is a flat panel display that uses an array of light-emitting diodes as pixels for a video display. Recording-device A device that copies information in a signal into a persistent information bearer. EEG-recorder A device for recording electric currents in the brain using electrodes applied to the scalp, to the surface of the brain, or placed within the substance of the brain. File-storage A device for recording digital information to a permanent media. MEG-recorder A device for measuring the magnetic fields produced by electrical activity in the brain, usually conducted externally. Motion-capture A device for recording the movement of objects or people. Tape-recorder A device for recording and reproduction usually using magnetic tape for storage that can be saved and played back. Touchscreen A control component that operates an electronic device by pressing the display on the screen. Machine A human-made device that uses power to apply forces and control movement to perform an action. Measurement-device A device in which a measure function inheres. Clock A device designed to indicate the time of day or to measure the time duration of an event or action. Clock-face A location identifier based on clockface numbering or anatomic subregion. Robot A mechanical device that sometimes resembles a living animal and is capable of performing a variety of often complex human tasks on command or by being programmed in advance. Tool A component that is not part of a device but is designed to support its assemby or operation. Document A physical object, or electronic counterpart, that is characterized by containing writing which is meant to be human-readable. Book A volume made up of pages fastened along one edge and enclosed between protective covers. Letter A written message addressed to a person or organization. Note A brief written record. Notebook A book for notes or memoranda. Questionnaire A document consisting of questions and possibly responses, depending on whether it has been filled out. Furnishing Furniture, fittings, and other decorative accessories, such as curtains and carpets, for a house or room. Manufactured-material Substances created or extracted from raw materials. Ceramic A hard, brittle, heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant material made by shaping and then firing a nonmetallic mineral, such as clay, at a high temperature. Glass A brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure. Paper A thin sheet material produced by mechanically or chemically processing cellulose fibres derived from wood, rags, grasses or other vegetable sources in water. Plastic Various high-molecular-weight thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers that are capable of being molded, extruded, drawn, or otherwise shaped and then hardened into a form. Steel An alloy made up of iron with typically a few tenths of a percent of carbon to improve its strength and fracture resistance compared to iron. Media Media are audo/visual/audiovisual modes of communicating information for mass consumption. Media-clip A short segment of media. Audio-clip A short segment of audio. Audiovisual-clip A short media segment containing both audio and video. Video-clip A short segment of video. Visualization An planned process that creates images, diagrams or animations from the input data. Animation A form of graphical illustration that changes with time to give a sense of motion or represent dynamic changes in the portrayal. Art-installation A large-scale, mixed-media constructions, often designed for a specific place or for a temporary period of time. Braille A display using a system of raised dots that can be read with the fingers by people who are blind. Image Any record of an imaging event whether physical or electronic. Cartoon A type of illustration, sometimes animated, typically in a non-realistic or semi-realistic style. The specific meaning has evolved over time, but the modern usage usually refers to either an image or series of images intended for satire, caricature, or humor. A motion picture that relies on a sequence of illustrations for its animation. Drawing A representation of an object or outlining a figure, plan, or sketch by means of lines. Icon A sign (such as a word or graphic symbol) whose form suggests its meaning. Painting A work produced through the art of painting. Photograph An image recorded by a camera. Movie A sequence of images displayed in succession giving the illusion of continuous movement. Outline-visualization A visualization consisting of a line or set of lines enclosing or indicating the shape of an object in a sketch or diagram. Point-light-visualization A display in which action is depicted using a few points of light, often generated from discrete sensors in motion capture. Sculpture A two- or three-dimensional representative or abstract forms, especially by carving stone or wood or by casting metal or plaster. Stick-figure-visualization A drawing showing the head of a human being or animal as a circle and all other parts as straight lines. Navigational-object An object whose purpose is to assist directed movement from one location to another. Path A trodden way. A way or track laid down for walking or made by continual treading. Road An open way for the passage of vehicles, persons, or animals on land. Lane A defined path with physical dimensions through which an object or substance may traverse. Runway A paved strip of ground on a landing field for the landing and takeoff of aircraft. Vehicle A mobile machine which transports people or cargo. Aircraft A vehicle which is able to travel through air in an atmosphere. Bicycle A human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. Boat A watercraft of any size which is able to float or plane on water. Car A wheeled motor vehicle used primarily for the transportation of human passengers. Cart A cart is a vehicle which has two wheels and is designed to transport human passengers or cargo. Tractor A mobile machine specifically designed to deliver a high tractive effort at slow speeds, and mainly used for the purposes of hauling a trailer or machinery used in agriculture or construction. Train A connected line of railroad cars with or without a locomotive. Truck A motor vehicle which, as its primary funcion, transports cargo rather than human passangers. Natural-object Something that exists in or is produced by nature, and is not artificial or man-made. Mineral A solid, homogeneous, inorganic substance occurring in nature and having a definite chemical composition. Natural-feature A feature that occurs in nature. A prominent or identifiable aspect, region, or site of interest. Field An unbroken expanse as of ice or grassland. Hill A rounded elevation of limited extent rising above the surrounding land with local relief of less than 300m. Mountain A landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. River A natural freshwater surface stream of considerable volume and a permanent or seasonal flow, moving in a definite channel toward a sea, lake, or another river. Waterfall A sudden descent of water over a step or ledge in the bed of a river. Sound Mechanical vibrations transmitted by an elastic medium. Something that can be heard. Environmental-sound Sounds occuring in the environment. An accumulation of noise pollution that occurs outside. This noise can be caused by transport, industrial, and recreational activities. Crowd-sound Noise produced by a mixture of sounds from a large group of people. Signal-noise Any part of a signal that is not the true or original signal but is introduced by the communication mechanism. Musical-sound Sound produced by continuous and regular vibrations, as opposed to noise. Instrument-sound Sound produced by a musical instrument. Tone A musical note, warble, or other sound used as a particular signal on a telephone or answering machine. Vocalized-sound Musical sound produced by vocal cords in a biological agent. Named-animal-sound A sound recognizable as being associated with particular animals. Barking Sharp explosive cries like sounds made by certain animals, especially a dog, fox, or seal. Bleating Wavering cries like sounds made by a sheep, goat, or calf. Chirping Short, sharp, high-pitched noises like sounds made by small birds or an insects. Crowing Loud shrill sounds characteristic of roosters. Growling Low guttural sounds like those that made in the throat by a hostile dog or other animal. Meowing Vocalizations like those made by as those cats. These sounds have diverse tones and are sometimes chattered, murmured or whispered. The purpose can be assertive. Mooing Deep vocal sounds like those made by a cow. Purring Low continuous vibratory sound such as those made by cats. The sound expresses contentment. Roaring Loud, deep, or harsh prolonged sounds such as those made by big cats and bears for long-distance communication and intimidation. Squawking Loud, harsh noises such as those made by geese. Named-object-sound A sound identifiable as coming from a particular type of object. Alarm-sound A loud signal often loud continuous ringing to alert people to a problem or condition that requires urgent attention. Beep A short, single tone, that is typically high-pitched and generally made by a computer or other machine. Buzz A persistent vibratory sound often made by a buzzer device and used to indicate something incorrect. Click The sound made by a mechanical cash register, often to designate a reward. Ding A short ringing sound such as that made by a bell, often to indicate a correct response or the expiration of time. Horn-blow A loud sound made by forcing air through a sound device that funnels air to create the sound, often used to sound an alert. Ka-ching The sound made by a mechanical cash register, often to designate a reward. Siren A loud, continuous sound often varying in frequency designed to indicate an emergency. Physiologic-pattern EEG graphoelements or rhythms that are considered normal. They only should be scored if the physician considers that they have a specific clinical significance for the recording. requireChild inLibrary score Rhythmic-activity-pattern Not further specified. suggestedTag Rhythmic-activity-morphology Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Slow-alpha-variant-rhythm Characteristic rhythms mostly at 4-5 Hz, recorded most prominently over the posterior regions of the head. Generally alternate, or are intermixed, with alpha rhythm to which they often are harmonically related. Amplitude varies but is frequently close to 50 micro V. Blocked or attenuated by attention, especially visual, and mental effort. Comment: slow alpha variant rhythms should be distinguished from posterior slow waves characteristic of children and adolescents and occasionally seen in young adults. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Fast-alpha-variant-rhythm Characteristic rhythm at 14-20 Hz, detected most prominently over the posterior regions of the head. May alternate or be intermixed with alpha rhythm. Blocked or attenuated by attention, especially visual, and mental effort. suggestedTag Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Ciganek-rhythm Midline theta rhythm (Ciganek rhythm) may be observed during wakefulness or drowsiness. The frequency is 4-7 Hz, and the location is midline (ie, vertex). The morphology is rhythmic, smooth, sinusoidal, arciform, spiky, or mu-like. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Lambda-wave Diphasic sharp transient occurring over occipital regions of the head of waking subjects during visual exploration. The main component is positive relative to other areas. Time-locked to saccadic eye movement. Amplitude varies but is generally below 50 micro V. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Posterior-slow-waves-youth Waves in the delta and theta range, of variable form, lasting 0.35 to 0.5 s or longer without any consistent periodicity, found in the range of 6-12 years (occasionally seen in young adults). Alpha waves are almost always intermingled or superimposed. Reactive similar to alpha activity. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Diffuse-slowing-hyperventilation Diffuse slowing induced by hyperventilation. Bilateral, diffuse slowing during hyperventilation. Recorded in 70 percent of normal children (3-5 years) and less then 10 percent of adults. Usually appear in the posterior regions and spread forward in younger age group, whereas they tend to appear in the frontal regions and spread backward in the older age group. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Photic-driving Physiologic response consisting of rhythmic activity elicited over the posterior regions of the head by repetitive photic stimulation at frequencies of about 5-30 Hz. Comments: term should be limited to activity time-locked to the stimulus and of frequency identical or harmonically related to the stimulus frequency. Photic driving should be distinguished from the visual evoked potentials elicited by isolated flashes of light or flashes repeated at very low frequency. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Photomyogenic-response A response to intermittent photic stimulation characterized by the appearance in the record of brief, repetitive muscular artifacts (spikes) over the anterior regions of the head. These often increase gradually in amplitude as stimuli are continued and cease promptly when the stimulus is withdrawn. Comment: this response is frequently associated with flutter of the eyelids and vertical oscillations of the eyeballs and sometimes with discrete jerking mostly involving the musculature of the face and head. (Preferred to synonym: photo-myoclonic response). suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Other-physiologic-pattern requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Polygraphic-channel-finding Changes observed in polygraphic channels can be scored: EOG, Respiration, ECG, EMG, other polygraphic channel (+ free text), and their significance logged (normal, abnormal, no definite abnormality). requireChild inLibrary score EOG-channel-finding ElectroOculoGraphy. suggestedTag Finding-significance-to-recording inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Respiration-channel-finding suggestedTag Finding-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Respiration-oxygen-saturation inLibrary score # takesValue valueClass numericClass inLibrary score Respiration-feature inLibrary score Apnoe-respiration Add duration (range in seconds) and comments in free text. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Hypopnea-respiration Add duration (range in seconds) and comments in free text inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Apnea-hypopnea-index-respiration Events/h. Frequency can be tagged with base schema /Property/Data-property/Data-value/Spatiotemporal-value/Rate-of-change/Frequency requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Periodic-respiration inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Tachypnea-respiration Cycles/min. Frequency can be tagged with base schema /Property/Data-property/Data-value/Spatiotemporal-value/Rate-of-change/Frequency requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Other-respiration-feature requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score ECG-channel-finding Electrocardiography. suggestedTag Finding-significance-to-recording inLibrary score ECG-QT-period inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score ECG-feature inLibrary score ECG-sinus-rhythm Normal rhythm. Frequency can be tagged with base schema /Property/Data-property/Data-value/Spatiotemporal-value/Rate-of-change/Frequency inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score ECG-arrhythmia inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score ECG-asystolia Add duration (range in seconds) and comments in free text. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score ECG-bradycardia Frequency can be tagged with base schema /Property/Data-property/Data-value/Spatiotemporal-value/Rate-of-change/Frequency inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score ECG-extrasystole inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score ECG-ventricular-premature-depolarization Frequency can be tagged with base schema /Property/Data-property/Data-value/Spatiotemporal-value/Rate-of-change/Frequency inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score ECG-tachycardia Frequency can be tagged with base schema /Property/Data-property/Data-value/Spatiotemporal-value/Rate-of-change/Frequency inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Other-ECG-feature requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score EMG-channel-finding electromyography suggestedTag Finding-significance-to-recording inLibrary score EMG-muscle-side inLibrary score EMG-left-muscle inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score EMG-right-muscle inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score EMG-bilateral-muscle inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score EMG-muscle-name inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score EMG-feature inLibrary score EMG-myoclonus inLibrary score Negative-myoclonus inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score EMG-myoclonus-rhythmic inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score EMG-myoclonus-arrhythmic inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score EMG-myoclonus-synchronous inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score EMG-myoclonus-asynchronous inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score EMG-PLMS Periodic limb movements in sleep. inLibrary score EMG-spasm inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score EMG-tonic-contraction inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score EMG-asymmetric-activation requireChild inLibrary score EMG-asymmetric-activation-left-first inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score EMG-asymmetric-activation-right-first inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Other-EMG-features requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Other-polygraphic-channel requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Property Something that pertains to a thing. A characteristic of some entity. A quality or feature regarded as a characteristic or inherent part of someone or something. HED attributes are adjectives or adverbs. extensionAllowed Agent-property Something that pertains to an agent. extensionAllowed Agent-state The state of the agent. Agent-cognitive-state The state of the cognitive processes or state of mind of the agent. Alert Condition of heightened watchfulness or preparation for action. Anesthetized Having lost sensation to pain or having senses dulled due to the effects of an anesthetic. Asleep Having entered a periodic, readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity, usually accompanied by physical relaxation and brain activity. Attentive Concentrating and focusing mental energy on the task or surroundings. Awake In a non sleeping state. Brain-dead Characterized by the irreversible absence of cortical and brain stem functioning. Comatose In a state of profound unconsciousness associated with markedly depressed cerebral activity. Distracted Lacking in concentration because of being preoccupied. Drowsy In a state of near-sleep, a strong desire for sleep, or sleeping for unusually long periods. Intoxicated In a state with disturbed psychophysiological functions and responses as a result of administration or ingestion of a psychoactive substance. Locked-in In a state of complete paralysis of all voluntary muscles except for the ones that control the movements of the eyes. Passive Not responding or initiating an action in response to a stimulus. Resting A state in which the agent is not exhibiting any physical exertion. Vegetative A state of wakefulness and conscience, but (in contrast to coma) with involuntary opening of the eyes and movements (such as teeth grinding, yawning, or thrashing of the extremities). Agent-emotional-state The status of the general temperament and outlook of an agent. Angry Experiencing emotions characterized by marked annoyance or hostility. Aroused In a state reactive to stimuli leading to increased heart rate and blood pressure, sensory alertness, mobility and readiness to respond. Awed Filled with wonder. Feeling grand, sublime or powerful emotions characterized by a combination of joy, fear, admiration, reverence, and/or respect. Compassionate Feeling or showing sympathy and concern for others often evoked for a person who is in distress and associated with altruistic motivation. Content Feeling satisfaction with things as they are. Disgusted Feeling revulsion or profound disapproval aroused by something unpleasant or offensive. Emotionally-neutral Feeling neither satisfied nor dissatisfied. Empathetic Understanding and sharing the feelings of another. Being aware of, being sensitive to, and vicariously experiencing the feelings, thoughts, and experience of another. Excited Feeling great enthusiasm and eagerness. Fearful Feeling apprehension that one may be in danger. Frustrated Feeling annoyed as a result of being blocked, thwarted, disappointed or defeated. Grieving Feeling sorrow in response to loss, whether physical or abstract. Happy Feeling pleased and content. Jealous Feeling threatened by a rival in a relationship with another individual, in particular an intimate partner, usually involves feelings of threat, fear, suspicion, distrust, anxiety, anger, betrayal, and rejection. Joyful Feeling delight or intense happiness. Loving Feeling a strong positive emotion of affection and attraction. Relieved No longer feeling pain, distress, anxiety, or reassured. Sad Feeling grief or unhappiness. Stressed Experiencing mental or emotional strain or tension. Agent-physiological-state Having to do with the mechanical, physical, or biochemical function of an agent. Healthy Having no significant health-related issues. relatedTag Sick Hungry Being in a state of craving or desiring food. relatedTag Sated Thirsty Rested Feeling refreshed and relaxed. relatedTag Tired Sated Feeling full. relatedTag Hungry Sick Being in a state of ill health, bodily malfunction, or discomfort. relatedTag Healthy Thirsty Feeling a need to drink. relatedTag Hungry Tired Feeling in need of sleep or rest. relatedTag Rested Agent-postural-state Pertaining to the position in which agent holds their body. Crouching Adopting a position where the knees are bent and the upper body is brought forward and down, sometimes to avoid detection or to defend oneself. Eyes-closed Keeping eyes closed with no blinking. Eyes-open Keeping eyes open with occasional blinking. Kneeling Positioned where one or both knees are on the ground. On-treadmill Ambulation on an exercise apparatus with an endless moving belt to support moving in place. Prone Positioned in a recumbent body position whereby the person lies on its stomach and faces downward. Seated-with-chin-rest Using a device that supports the chin and head. Sitting In a seated position. Standing Assuming or maintaining an erect upright position. Agent-task-role The function or part that is ascribed to an agent in performing the task. Experiment-actor An agent who plays a predetermined role to create the experiment scenario. Experiment-controller An agent exerting control over some aspect of the experiment. Experiment-participant Someone who takes part in an activity related to an experiment. Experimenter Person who is the owner of the experiment and has its responsibility. Agent-trait A genetically, environmentally, or socially determined characteristic of an agent. Age Length of time elapsed time since birth of the agent. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Agent-experience-level Amount of skill or knowledge that the agent has as pertains to the task. Expert-level Having comprehensive and authoritative knowledge of or skill in a particular area related to the task. relatedTag Intermediate-experience-level Novice-level Intermediate-experience-level Having a moderate amount of knowledge or skill related to the task. relatedTag Expert-level Novice-level Novice-level Being inexperienced in a field or situation related to the task. relatedTag Expert-level Intermediate-experience-level Ethnicity Belong to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition. Use with Label to avoid extension. Gender Characteristics that are socially constructed, including norms, behaviors, and roles based on sex. Handedness Individual preference for use of a hand, known as the dominant hand. Ambidextrous Having no overall dominance in the use of right or left hand or foot in the performance of tasks that require one hand or foot. Left-handed Preference for using the left hand or foot for tasks requiring the use of a single hand or foot. Right-handed Preference for using the right hand or foot for tasks requiring the use of a single hand or foot. Race Belonging to a group sharing physical or social qualities as defined within a specified society. Use with Label to avoid extension. Sex Physical properties or qualities by which male is distinguished from female. Female Biological sex of an individual with female sexual organs such ova. Intersex Having genitalia and/or secondary sexual characteristics of indeterminate sex. Male Biological sex of an individual with male sexual organs producing sperm. Data-property Something that pertains to data or information. extensionAllowed Data-marker An indicator placed to mark something. Data-break-marker An indicator place to indicate a gap in the data. Temporal-marker An indicator placed at a particular time in the data. Inset Marks an intermediate point in an ongoing event of temporal extent. topLevelTagGroup reserved relatedTag Onset Offset Offset Marks the end of an event of temporal extent. topLevelTagGroup reserved relatedTag Onset Inset Onset Marks the start of an ongoing event of temporal extent. topLevelTagGroup reserved relatedTag Inset Offset Pause Indicates the temporary interruption of the operation a process and subsequently wait for a signal to continue. Time-out A cancellation or cessation that automatically occurs when a predefined interval of time has passed without a certain event occurring. Time-sync A synchronization signal whose purpose to help synchronize different signals or processes. Often used to indicate a marker inserted into the recorded data to allow post hoc synchronization of concurrently recorded data streams. Data-resolution Smallest change in a quality being measured by an sensor that causes a perceptible change. Printer-resolution Resolution of a printer, usually expressed as the number of dots-per-inch for a printer. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Screen-resolution Resolution of a screen, usually expressed as the of pixels in a dimension for a digital display device. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Sensory-resolution Resolution of measurements by a sensing device. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Spatial-resolution Linear spacing of a spatial measurement. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Spectral-resolution Measures the ability of a sensor to resolve features in the electromagnetic spectrum. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Temporal-resolution Measures the ability of a sensor to resolve features in time. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Data-source-type The type of place, person, or thing from which the data comes or can be obtained. Computed-feature A feature computed from the data by a tool. This tag should be grouped with a label of the form Toolname_propertyName. Computed-prediction A computed extrapolation of known data. Expert-annotation An explanatory or critical comment or other in-context information provided by an authority. Instrument-measurement Information obtained from a device that is used to measure material properties or make other observations. Observation Active acquisition of information from a primary source. Should be grouped with a label of the form AgentID_featureName. Data-value Designation of the type of a data item. Categorical-value Indicates that something can take on a limited and usually fixed number of possible values. Categorical-class-value Categorical values that fall into discrete classes such as true or false. The grouping is absolute in the sense that it is the same for all participants. All To a complete degree or to the full or entire extent. relatedTag Some None Correct Free from error. Especially conforming to fact or truth. relatedTag Wrong Explicit Stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt. relatedTag Implicit False Not in accordance with facts, reality or definitive criteria. relatedTag True Implicit Implied though not plainly expressed. relatedTag Explicit Invalid Not allowed or not conforming to the correct format or specifications. relatedTag Valid None No person or thing, nobody, not any. relatedTag All Some Some At least a small amount or number of, but not a large amount of, or often. relatedTag All None True Conforming to facts, reality or definitive criteria. relatedTag False Valid Allowable, usable, or acceptable. relatedTag Invalid Wrong Inaccurate or not correct. relatedTag Correct Categorical-judgment-value Categorical values that are based on the judgment or perception of the participant such familiar and famous. Abnormal Deviating in any way from the state, position, structure, condition, behavior, or rule which is considered a norm. relatedTag Normal Asymmetrical Lacking symmetry or having parts that fail to correspond to one another in shape, size, or arrangement. relatedTag Symmetrical Audible A sound that can be perceived by the participant. relatedTag Inaudible Complex Hard, involved or complicated, elaborate, having many parts. relatedTag Simple Congruent Concordance of multiple evidence lines. In agreement or harmony. relatedTag Incongruent Constrained Keeping something within particular limits or bounds. relatedTag Unconstrained Disordered Not neatly arranged. Confused and untidy. A structural quality in which the parts of an object are non-rigid. relatedTag Ordered Familiar Recognized, familiar, or within the scope of knowledge. relatedTag Unfamiliar Famous Famous A person who has a high degree of recognition by the general population for his or her success or accomplishments. A famous person. relatedTag Familiar Unfamiliar Inaudible A sound below the threshold of perception of the participant. relatedTag Audible Incongruent Not in agreement or harmony. relatedTag Congruent Involuntary An action that is not made by choice. In the body, involuntary actions (such as blushing) occur automatically, and cannot be controlled by choice. relatedTag Voluntary Masked Information exists but is not provided or is partially obscured due to security, privacy, or other concerns. relatedTag Unmasked Normal Being approximately average or within certain limits. Conforming with or constituting a norm or standard or level or type or social norm. relatedTag Abnormal Ordered Conforming to a logical or comprehensible arrangement of separate elements. relatedTag Disordered Simple Easily understood or presenting no difficulties. relatedTag Complex Symmetrical Made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis. Showing aspects of symmetry. relatedTag Asymmetrical Unconstrained Moving without restriction. relatedTag Constrained Unfamiliar Not having knowledge or experience of. relatedTag Familiar Famous Unmasked Information is revealed. relatedTag Masked Voluntary Using free will or design; not forced or compelled; controlled by individual volition. relatedTag Involuntary Categorical-level-value Categorical values based on dividing a continuous variable into levels such as high and low. Cold Having an absence of heat. relatedTag Hot Deep Extending relatively far inward or downward. relatedTag Shallow High Having a greater than normal degree, intensity, or amount. relatedTag Low Medium Hot Having an excess of heat. relatedTag Cold Large Having a great extent such as in physical dimensions, period of time, amplitude or frequency. relatedTag Small Liminal Situated at a sensory threshold that is barely perceptible or capable of eliciting a response. relatedTag Subliminal Supraliminal Loud Having a perceived high intensity of sound. relatedTag Quiet Low Less than normal in degree, intensity or amount. relatedTag High Medium Mid-way between small and large in number, quantity, magnitude or extent. relatedTag Low High Negative Involving disadvantage or harm. relatedTag Positive Positive Involving advantage or good. relatedTag Negative Quiet Characterizing a perceived low intensity of sound. relatedTag Loud Rough Having a surface with perceptible bumps, ridges, or irregularities. relatedTag Smooth Shallow Having a depth which is relatively low. relatedTag Deep Small Having a small extent such as in physical dimensions, period of time, amplitude or frequency. relatedTag Large Smooth Having a surface free from bumps, ridges, or irregularities. relatedTag Rough Subliminal Situated below a sensory threshold that is imperceptible or not capable of eliciting a response. relatedTag Liminal Supraliminal Supraliminal Situated above a sensory threshold that is perceptible or capable of eliciting a response. relatedTag Liminal Subliminal Thick Wide in width, extent or cross-section. relatedTag Thin Thin Narrow in width, extent or cross-section. relatedTag Thick Categorical-orientation-value Value indicating the orientation or direction of something. Backward Directed behind or to the rear. relatedTag Forward Downward Moving or leading toward a lower place or level. relatedTag Leftward Rightward Upward Forward At or near or directed toward the front. relatedTag Backward Horizontally-oriented Oriented parallel to or in the plane of the horizon. relatedTag Vertically-oriented Leftward Going toward or facing the left. relatedTag Downward Rightward Upward Oblique Slanting or inclined in direction, course, or position that is neither parallel nor perpendicular nor right-angular. relatedTag Rotated Rightward Going toward or situated on the right. relatedTag Downward Leftward Upward Rotated Positioned offset around an axis or center. Upward Moving, pointing, or leading to a higher place, point, or level. relatedTag Downward Leftward Rightward Vertically-oriented Oriented perpendicular to the plane of the horizon. relatedTag Horizontally-oriented Physical-value The value of some physical property of something. Temperature A measure of hot or cold based on the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in the system. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass temperatureUnits Weight The relative mass or the quantity of matter contained by something. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass weightUnits Quantitative-value Something capable of being estimated or expressed with numeric values. Fraction A numerical value between 0 and 1. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Item-count The integer count of something which is usually grouped with the entity it is counting. (Item-count/3, A) indicates that 3 of A have occurred up to this point. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Item-index The index of an item in a collection, sequence or other structure. (A (Item-index/3, B)) means that A is item number 3 in B. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Item-interval An integer indicating how many items or entities have passed since the last one of these. An item interval of 0 indicates the current item. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Percentage A fraction or ratio with 100 understood as the denominator. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Ratio A quotient of quantities of the same kind for different components within the same system. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Spatiotemporal-value A property relating to space and/or time. Rate-of-change The amount of change accumulated per unit time. Acceleration Magnitude of the rate of change in either speed or direction. The direction of change should be given separately. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass accelerationUnits Frequency Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass frequencyUnits Jerk-rate Magnitude of the rate at which the acceleration of an object changes with respect to time. The direction of change should be given separately. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass jerkUnits Refresh-rate The frequency with which the image on a computer monitor or similar electronic display screen is refreshed, usually expressed in hertz. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Sampling-rate The number of digital samples taken or recorded per unit of time. # takesValue unitClass frequencyUnits Speed A scalar measure of the rate of movement of the object expressed either as the distance travelled divided by the time taken (average speed) or the rate of change of position with respect to time at a particular point (instantaneous speed). The direction of change should be given separately. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass speedUnits Temporal-rate The number of items per unit of time. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass frequencyUnits Spatial-value Value of an item involving space. Angle The amount of inclination of one line to another or the plane of one object to another. # takesValue unitClass angleUnits valueClass numericClass Distance A measure of the space separating two objects or points. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass physicalLengthUnits Position A reference to the alignment of an object, a particular situation or view of a situation, or the location of an object. Coordinates with respect a specified frame of reference or the default Screen-frame if no frame is given. X-position The position along the x-axis of the frame of reference. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass physicalLengthUnits Y-position The position along the y-axis of the frame of reference. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass physicalLengthUnits Z-position The position along the z-axis of the frame of reference. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass physicalLengthUnits Size The physical magnitude of something. Area The extent of a 2-dimensional surface enclosed within a boundary. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass areaUnits Depth The distance from the surface of something especially from the perspective of looking from the front. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass physicalLengthUnits Height The vertical measurement or distance from the base to the top of an object. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass physicalLengthUnits Length The linear extent in space from one end of something to the other end, or the extent of something from beginning to end. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass physicalLengthUnits Volume The amount of three dimensional space occupied by an object or the capacity of a space or container. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass volumeUnits Width The extent or measurement of something from side to side. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass physicalLengthUnits Temporal-value A characteristic of or relating to time or limited by time. Delay The time at which an event start time is delayed from the current onset time. This tag defines the start time of an event of temporal extent and may be used with the Duration tag. topLevelTagGroup reserved relatedTag Duration # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass timeUnits Duration The period of time during which an event occurs. This tag defines the end time of an event of temporal extent and may be used with the Delay tag. topLevelTagGroup reserved relatedTag Delay # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass timeUnits Time-interval The period of time separating two instances, events, or occurrences. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass timeUnits Time-value A value with units of time. Usually grouped with tags identifying what the value represents. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass timeUnits Statistical-value A value based on or employing the principles of statistics. extensionAllowed Data-maximum The largest possible quantity or degree. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Data-mean The sum of a set of values divided by the number of values in the set. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Data-median The value which has an equal number of values greater and less than it. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Data-minimum The smallest possible quantity. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Probability A measure of the expectation of the occurrence of a particular event. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Standard-deviation A measure of the range of values in a set of numbers. Standard deviation is a statistic used as a measure of the dispersion or variation in a distribution, equal to the square root of the arithmetic mean of the squares of the deviations from the arithmetic mean. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Statistical-accuracy A measure of closeness to true value expressed as a number between 0 and 1. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Statistical-precision A quantitative representation of the degree of accuracy necessary for or associated with a particular action. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Statistical-recall Sensitivity is a measurement datum qualifying a binary classification test and is computed by substracting the false negative rate to the integral numeral 1. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Statistical-uncertainty A measure of the inherent variability of repeated observation measurements of a quantity including quantities evaluated by statistical methods and by other means. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Data-variability-attribute An attribute describing how something changes or varies. Abrupt Marked by sudden change. Constant Continually recurring or continuing without interruption. Not changing in time or space. Continuous Uninterrupted in time, sequence, substance, or extent. relatedTag Discrete Discontinuous Decreasing Becoming smaller or fewer in size, amount, intensity, or degree. relatedTag Increasing Deterministic No randomness is involved in the development of the future states of the element. relatedTag Random Stochastic Discontinuous Having a gap in time, sequence, substance, or extent. relatedTag Continuous Discrete Constituting a separate entities or parts. relatedTag Continuous Discontinuous Estimated-value Something that has been calculated or measured approximately. Exact-value A value that is viewed to the true value according to some standard. Flickering Moving irregularly or unsteadily or burning or shining fitfully or with a fluctuating light. Fractal Having extremely irregular curves or shapes for which any suitably chosen part is similar in shape to a given larger or smaller part when magnified or reduced to the same size. Increasing Becoming greater in size, amount, or degree. relatedTag Decreasing Random Governed by or depending on chance. Lacking any definite plan or order or purpose. relatedTag Deterministic Stochastic Repetitive A recurring action that is often non-purposeful. Stochastic Uses a random probability distribution or pattern that may be analysed statistically but may not be predicted precisely to determine future states. relatedTag Deterministic Random Varying Differing in size, amount, degree, or nature. Environmental-property Relating to or arising from the surroundings of an agent. Augmented-reality Using technology that enhances real-world experiences with computer-derived digital overlays to change some aspects of perception of the natural environment. The digital content is shown to the user through a smart device or glasses and responds to changes in the environment. Indoors Located inside a building or enclosure. Motion-platform A mechanism that creates the feelings of being in a real motion environment. Outdoors Any area outside a building or shelter. Real-world Located in a place that exists in real space and time under realistic conditions. Rural Of or pertaining to the country as opposed to the city. Terrain Characterization of the physical features of a tract of land. Composite-terrain Tracts of land characterized by a mixure of physical features. Dirt-terrain Tracts of land characterized by a soil surface and lack of vegetation. Grassy-terrain Tracts of land covered by grass. Gravel-terrain Tracts of land covered by a surface consisting a loose aggregation of small water-worn or pounded stones. Leaf-covered-terrain Tracts of land covered by leaves and composited organic material. Muddy-terrain Tracts of land covered by a liquid or semi-liquid mixture of water and some combination of soil, silt, and clay. Paved-terrain Tracts of land covered with concrete, asphalt, stones, or bricks. Rocky-terrain Tracts of land consisting or full of rock or rocks. Sloped-terrain Tracts of land arranged in a sloping or inclined position. Uneven-terrain Tracts of land that are not level, smooth, or regular. Urban Relating to, located in, or characteristic of a city or densely populated area. Virtual-world Using technology that creates immersive, computer-generated experiences that a person can interact with and navigate through. The digital content is generally delivered to the user through some type of headset and responds to changes in head position or through interaction with other types of sensors. Existing in a virtual setting such as a simulation or game environment. Informational-property Something that pertains to a task. extensionAllowed Description An explanation of what the tag group it is in means. If the description is at the top-level of an event string, the description applies to the event. requireChild # takesValue valueClass textClass ID An alphanumeric name that identifies either a unique object or a unique class of objects. Here the object or class may be an idea, physical countable object (or class), or physical uncountable substance (or class). requireChild # takesValue valueClass textClass Label A string of 20 or fewer characters identifying something. Labels usually refer to general classes of things while IDs refer to specific instances. A term that is associated with some entity. A brief description given for purposes of identification. An identifying or descriptive marker that is attached to an object. requireChild # takesValue valueClass nameClass Metadata Data about data. Information that describes another set of data. CogAtlas The Cognitive Atlas ID number of something. # takesValue CogPo The CogPO ID number of something. # takesValue Creation-date The date on which data creation of this element began. requireChild # takesValue valueClass dateTimeClass Experimental-note A brief written record about the experiment. # takesValue valueClass textClass Library-name Official name of a HED library. # takesValue valueClass nameClass OBO-identifier The identifier of a term in some Open Biology Ontology (OBO) ontology. # takesValue valueClass nameClass Pathname The specification of a node (file or directory) in a hierarchical file system, usually specified by listing the nodes top-down. # takesValue Subject-identifier A sequence of characters used to identify, name, or characterize a trial or study subject. # takesValue Version-identifier An alphanumeric character string that identifies a form or variant of a type or original. # Usually is a semantic version. takesValue Parameter Something user-defined for this experiment. Parameter-label The name of the parameter. # takesValue valueClass nameClass Parameter-value The value of the parameter. # takesValue valueClass textClass Organizational-property Relating to an organization or the action of organizing something. Collection A tag designating a grouping of items such as in a set or list. # Name of the collection. takesValue valueClass nameClass Condition-variable An aspect of the experiment or task that is to be varied during the experiment. Task-conditions are sometimes called independent variables or contrasts. # Name of the condition variable. takesValue valueClass nameClass Control-variable An aspect of the experiment that is fixed throughout the study and usually is explicitly controlled. # Name of the control variable. takesValue valueClass nameClass Def A HED-specific utility tag used with a defined name to represent the tags associated with that definition. requireChild reserved # Name of the definition. takesValue valueClass nameClass Def-expand A HED specific utility tag that is grouped with an expanded definition. The child value of the Def-expand is the name of the expanded definition. requireChild reserved tagGroup # takesValue valueClass nameClass Definition A HED-specific utility tag whose child value is the name of the concept and the tag group associated with the tag is an English language explanation of a concept. requireChild reserved topLevelTagGroup # Name of the definition. takesValue valueClass nameClass Event-context A special HED tag inserted as part of a top-level tag group to contain information about the interrelated conditions under which the event occurs. The event context includes information about other events that are ongoing when this event happens. reserved topLevelTagGroup unique Event-stream A special HED tag indicating that this event is a member of an ordered succession of events. # Name of the event stream. takesValue valueClass nameClass Experimental-intertrial A tag used to indicate a part of the experiment between trials usually where nothing is happening. # Optional label for the intertrial block. takesValue valueClass nameClass Experimental-trial Designates a run or execution of an activity, for example, one execution of a script. A tag used to indicate a particular organizational part in the experimental design often containing a stimulus-response pair or stimulus-response-feedback triad. # Optional label for the trial (often a numerical string). takesValue valueClass nameClass Indicator-variable An aspect of the experiment or task that is measured as task conditions are varied during the experiment. Experiment indicators are sometimes called dependent variables. # Name of the indicator variable. takesValue valueClass nameClass Recording A tag designating the data recording. Recording tags are usually have temporal scope which is the entire recording. # Optional label for the recording. takesValue valueClass nameClass Task An assigned piece of work, usually with a time allotment. A tag used to indicate a linkage the structured activities performed as part of the experiment. # Optional label for the task block. takesValue valueClass nameClass Time-block A tag used to indicate a contiguous time block in the experiment during which something is fixed or noted. # Optional label for the task block. takesValue valueClass nameClass Sensory-property Relating to sensation or the physical senses. Sensory-attribute A sensory characteristic associated with another entity. Auditory-attribute Pertaining to the sense of hearing. Loudness Perceived intensity of a sound. # takesValue valueClass numericClass nameClass Pitch A perceptual property that allows the user to order sounds on a frequency scale. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass frequencyUnits Sound-envelope Description of how a sound changes over time. Sound-envelope-attack The time taken for initial run-up of level from nil to peak usually beginning when the key on a musical instrument is pressed. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass timeUnits Sound-envelope-decay The time taken for the subsequent run down from the attack level to the designated sustain level. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass timeUnits Sound-envelope-release The time taken for the level to decay from the sustain level to zero after the key is released. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass timeUnits Sound-envelope-sustain The time taken for the main sequence of the sound duration, until the key is released. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass timeUnits Sound-volume The sound pressure level (SPL) usually the ratio to a reference signal estimated as the lower bound of hearing. # takesValue valueClass numericClass unitClass intensityUnits Timbre The perceived sound quality of a singing voice or musical instrument. # takesValue valueClass nameClass Gustatory-attribute Pertaining to the sense of taste. Bitter Having a sharp, pungent taste. Salty Tasting of or like salt. Savory Belonging to a taste that is salty or spicy rather than sweet. Sour Having a sharp, acidic taste. Sweet Having or resembling the taste of sugar. Olfactory-attribute Having a smell. Somatic-attribute Pertaining to the feelings in the body or of the nervous system. Pain The sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony, resulting from the stimulation of specialized nerve endings. Stress The negative mental, emotional, and physical reactions that occur when environmental stressors are perceived as exceeding the adaptive capacities of the individual. Tactile-attribute Pertaining to the sense of touch. Tactile-pressure Having a feeling of heaviness. Tactile-temperature Having a feeling of hotness or coldness. Tactile-texture Having a feeling of roughness. Tactile-vibration Having a feeling of mechanical oscillation. Vestibular-attribute Pertaining to the sense of balance or body position. Visual-attribute Pertaining to the sense of sight. Color The appearance of objects (or light sources) described in terms of perception of their hue and lightness (or brightness) and saturation. CSS-color One of 140 colors supported by all browsers. For more details such as the color RGB or HEX values, check: https://www.w3schools.com/colors/colors_groups.asp. Blue-color CSS color group. Blue CSS-color 0x0000FF. CadetBlue CSS-color 0x5F9EA0. CornflowerBlue CSS-color 0x6495ED. DarkBlue CSS-color 0x00008B. DeepSkyBlue CSS-color 0x00BFFF. DodgerBlue CSS-color 0x1E90FF. LightBlue CSS-color 0xADD8E6. LightSkyBlue CSS-color 0x87CEFA. LightSteelBlue CSS-color 0xB0C4DE. MediumBlue CSS-color 0x0000CD. MidnightBlue CSS-color 0x191970. Navy CSS-color 0x000080. PowderBlue CSS-color 0xB0E0E6. RoyalBlue CSS-color 0x4169E1. SkyBlue CSS-color 0x87CEEB. SteelBlue CSS-color 0x4682B4. Brown-color CSS color group. Bisque CSS-color 0xFFE4C4. BlanchedAlmond CSS-color 0xFFEBCD. Brown CSS-color 0xA52A2A. BurlyWood CSS-color 0xDEB887. Chocolate CSS-color 0xD2691E. Cornsilk CSS-color 0xFFF8DC. DarkGoldenRod CSS-color 0xB8860B. GoldenRod CSS-color 0xDAA520. Maroon CSS-color 0x800000. NavajoWhite CSS-color 0xFFDEAD. Olive CSS-color 0x808000. Peru CSS-color 0xCD853F. RosyBrown CSS-color 0xBC8F8F. SaddleBrown CSS-color 0x8B4513. SandyBrown CSS-color 0xF4A460. Sienna CSS-color 0xA0522D. Tan CSS-color 0xD2B48C. Wheat CSS-color 0xF5DEB3. Cyan-color CSS color group. Aqua CSS-color 0x00FFFF. Aquamarine CSS-color 0x7FFFD4. Cyan CSS-color 0x00FFFF. DarkTurquoise CSS-color 0x00CED1. LightCyan CSS-color 0xE0FFFF. MediumTurquoise CSS-color 0x48D1CC. PaleTurquoise CSS-color 0xAFEEEE. Turquoise CSS-color 0x40E0D0. Gray-color CSS color group. Black CSS-color 0x000000. DarkGray CSS-color 0xA9A9A9. DarkSlateGray CSS-color 0x2F4F4F. DimGray CSS-color 0x696969. Gainsboro CSS-color 0xDCDCDC. Gray CSS-color 0x808080. LightGray CSS-color 0xD3D3D3. LightSlateGray CSS-color 0x778899. Silver CSS-color 0xC0C0C0. SlateGray CSS-color 0x708090. Green-color CSS color group. Chartreuse CSS-color 0x7FFF00. DarkCyan CSS-color 0x008B8B. DarkGreen CSS-color 0x006400. DarkOliveGreen CSS-color 0x556B2F. DarkSeaGreen CSS-color 0x8FBC8F. ForestGreen CSS-color 0x228B22. Green CSS-color 0x008000. GreenYellow CSS-color 0xADFF2F. LawnGreen CSS-color 0x7CFC00. LightGreen CSS-color 0x90EE90. LightSeaGreen CSS-color 0x20B2AA. Lime CSS-color 0x00FF00. LimeGreen CSS-color 0x32CD32. MediumAquaMarine CSS-color 0x66CDAA. MediumSeaGreen CSS-color 0x3CB371. MediumSpringGreen CSS-color 0x00FA9A. OliveDrab CSS-color 0x6B8E23. PaleGreen CSS-color 0x98FB98. SeaGreen CSS-color 0x2E8B57. SpringGreen CSS-color 0x00FF7F. Teal CSS-color 0x008080. YellowGreen CSS-color 0x9ACD32. Orange-color CSS color group. Coral CSS-color 0xFF7F50. DarkOrange CSS-color 0xFF8C00. Orange CSS-color 0xFFA500. OrangeRed CSS-color 0xFF4500. Tomato CSS-color 0xFF6347. Pink-color CSS color group. DeepPink CSS-color 0xFF1493. HotPink CSS-color 0xFF69B4. LightPink CSS-color 0xFFB6C1. MediumVioletRed CSS-color 0xC71585. PaleVioletRed CSS-color 0xDB7093. Pink CSS-color 0xFFC0CB. Purple-color CSS color group. BlueViolet CSS-color 0x8A2BE2. DarkMagenta CSS-color 0x8B008B. DarkOrchid CSS-color 0x9932CC. DarkSlateBlue CSS-color 0x483D8B. DarkViolet CSS-color 0x9400D3. Fuchsia CSS-color 0xFF00FF. Indigo CSS-color 0x4B0082. Lavender CSS-color 0xE6E6FA. Magenta CSS-color 0xFF00FF. MediumOrchid CSS-color 0xBA55D3. MediumPurple CSS-color 0x9370DB. MediumSlateBlue CSS-color 0x7B68EE. Orchid CSS-color 0xDA70D6. Plum CSS-color 0xDDA0DD. Purple CSS-color 0x800080. RebeccaPurple CSS-color 0x663399. SlateBlue CSS-color 0x6A5ACD. Thistle CSS-color 0xD8BFD8. Violet CSS-color 0xEE82EE. Red-color CSS color group. Crimson CSS-color 0xDC143C. DarkRed CSS-color 0x8B0000. DarkSalmon CSS-color 0xE9967A. FireBrick CSS-color 0xB22222. IndianRed CSS-color 0xCD5C5C. LightCoral CSS-color 0xF08080. LightSalmon CSS-color 0xFFA07A. Red CSS-color 0xFF0000. Salmon CSS-color 0xFA8072. White-color CSS color group. AliceBlue CSS-color 0xF0F8FF. AntiqueWhite CSS-color 0xFAEBD7. Azure CSS-color 0xF0FFFF. Beige CSS-color 0xF5F5DC. FloralWhite CSS-color 0xFFFAF0. GhostWhite CSS-color 0xF8F8FF. HoneyDew CSS-color 0xF0FFF0. Ivory CSS-color 0xFFFFF0. LavenderBlush CSS-color 0xFFF0F5. Linen CSS-color 0xFAF0E6. MintCream CSS-color 0xF5FFFA. MistyRose CSS-color 0xFFE4E1. OldLace CSS-color 0xFDF5E6. SeaShell CSS-color 0xFFF5EE. Snow CSS-color 0xFFFAFA. White CSS-color 0xFFFFFF. WhiteSmoke CSS-color 0xF5F5F5. Yellow-color CSS color group. DarkKhaki CSS-color 0xBDB76B. Gold CSS-color 0xFFD700. Khaki CSS-color 0xF0E68C. LemonChiffon CSS-color 0xFFFACD. LightGoldenRodYellow CSS-color 0xFAFAD2. LightYellow CSS-color 0xFFFFE0. Moccasin CSS-color 0xFFE4B5. PaleGoldenRod CSS-color 0xEEE8AA. PapayaWhip CSS-color 0xFFEFD5. PeachPuff CSS-color 0xFFDAB9. Yellow CSS-color 0xFFFF00. Color-shade A slight degree of difference between colors, especially with regard to how light or dark it is or as distinguished from one nearly like it. Dark-shade A color tone not reflecting much light. Light-shade A color tone reflecting more light. Grayscale Using a color map composed of shades of gray, varying from black at the weakest intensity to white at the strongest. # White intensity between 0 and 1. takesValue valueClass numericClass HSV-color A color representation that models how colors appear under light. HSV-value An attribute of a visual sensation according to which an area appears to emit more or less light. # takesValue valueClass numericClass Hue Attribute of a visual sensation according to which an area appears to be similar to one of the perceived colors. # Angular value between 0 and 360. takesValue valueClass numericClass Saturation Colorfulness of a stimulus relative to its own brightness. # B value of RGB between 0 and 1. takesValue valueClass numericClass RGB-color A color from the RGB schema. RGB-blue The blue component. # B value of RGB between 0 and 1. takesValue valueClass numericClass RGB-green The green component. # G value of RGB between 0 and 1. takesValue valueClass numericClass RGB-red The red component. # R value of RGB between 0 and 1. takesValue valueClass numericClass Luminance A quality that exists by virtue of the luminous intensity per unit area projected in a given direction. Opacity A measure of impenetrability to light. Sensory-presentation The entity has a sensory manifestation. Auditory-presentation The sense of hearing is used in the presentation to the user. Loudspeaker-separation The distance between two loudspeakers. Grouped with the Distance tag. suggestedTag Distance Monophonic Relating to sound transmission, recording, or reproduction involving a single transmission path. Silent The absence of ambient audible sound or the state of having ceased to produce sounds. Stereophonic Relating to, or constituting sound reproduction involving the use of separated microphones and two transmission channels to achieve the sound separation of a live hearing. Gustatory-presentation The sense of taste used in the presentation to the user. Olfactory-presentation The sense of smell used in the presentation to the user. Somatic-presentation The nervous system is used in the presentation to the user. Tactile-presentation The sense of touch used in the presentation to the user. Vestibular-presentation The sense balance used in the presentation to the user. Visual-presentation The sense of sight used in the presentation to the user. 2D-view A view showing only two dimensions. 3D-view A view showing three dimensions. Background-view Parts of the view that are farthest from the viewer and usually the not part of the visual focus. Bistable-view Something having two stable visual forms that have two distinguishable stable forms as in optical illusions. Foreground-view Parts of the view that are closest to the viewer and usually the most important part of the visual focus. Foveal-view Visual presentation directly on the fovea. A view projected on the small depression in the retina containing only cones and where vision is most acute. Map-view A diagrammatic representation of an area of land or sea showing physical features, cities, roads. Aerial-view Elevated view of an object from above, with a perspective as though the observer were a bird. Satellite-view A representation as captured by technology such as a satellite. Street-view A 360-degrees panoramic view from a position on the ground. Peripheral-view Indirect vision as it occurs outside the point of fixation. Task-property Something that pertains to a task. extensionAllowed Task-action-type How an agent action should be interpreted in terms of the task specification. Appropriate-action An action suitable or proper in the circumstances. relatedTag Inappropriate-action Correct-action An action that was a correct response in the context of the task. relatedTag Incorrect-action Indeterminate-action Correction An action offering an improvement to replace a mistake or error. Done-indication An action that indicates that the participant has completed this step in the task. relatedTag Ready-indication Imagined-action Form a mental image or concept of something. This is used to identity something that only happened in the imagination of the participant as in imagined movements in motor imagery paradigms. Inappropriate-action An action not in keeping with what is correct or proper for the task. relatedTag Appropriate-action Incorrect-action An action considered wrong or incorrect in the context of the task. relatedTag Correct-action Indeterminate-action Indeterminate-action An action that cannot be distinguished between two or more possibibities in the current context. This tag might be applied when an outside evaluator or a classification algorithm cannot determine a definitive result. relatedTag Correct-action Incorrect-action Miss Near-miss Miss An action considered to be a failure in the context of the task. For example, if the agent is supposed to try to hit a target and misses. relatedTag Near-miss Near-miss An action barely satisfied the requirements of the task. In a driving experiment for example this could pertain to a narrowly avoided collision or other accident. relatedTag Miss Omitted-action An expected response was skipped. Ready-indication An action that indicates that the participant is ready to perform the next step in the task. relatedTag Done-indication Task-attentional-demand Strategy for allocating attention toward goal-relevant information. Bottom-up-attention Attentional guidance purely by externally driven factors to stimuli that are salient because of their inherent properties relative to the background. Sometimes this is referred to as stimulus driven. relatedTag Top-down-attention Covert-attention Paying attention without moving the eyes. relatedTag Overt-attention Divided-attention Integrating parallel multiple stimuli. Behavior involving responding simultaneously to multiple tasks or multiple task demands. relatedTag Focused-attention Focused-attention Responding discretely to specific visual, auditory, or tactile stimuli. relatedTag Divided-attention Orienting-attention Directing attention to a target stimulus. Overt-attention Selectively processing one location over others by moving the eyes to point at that location. relatedTag Covert-attention Selective-attention Maintaining a behavioral or cognitive set in the face of distracting or competing stimuli. Ability to pay attention to a limited array of all available sensory information. Sustained-attention Maintaining a consistent behavioral response during continuous and repetitive activity. Switched-attention Having to switch attention between two or more modalities of presentation. Top-down-attention Voluntary allocation of attention to certain features. Sometimes this is referred to goal-oriented attention. relatedTag Bottom-up-attention Task-effect-evidence The evidence supporting the conclusion that the event had the specified effect. Behavioral-evidence An indication or conclusion based on the behavior of an agent. Computational-evidence A type of evidence in which data are produced, and/or generated, and/or analyzed on a computer. External-evidence A phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon. Intended-effect A phenomenon that is intended to follow and be caused by some previous phenomenon. Task-event-role The purpose of an event with respect to the task. Experimental-stimulus Part of something designed to elicit a response in the experiment. Incidental A sensory or other type of event that is unrelated to the task or experiment. Instructional Usually associated with a sensory event intended to give instructions to the participant about the task or behavior. Mishap Unplanned disruption such as an equipment or experiment control abnormality or experimenter error. Participant-response Something related to a participant actions in performing the task. Task-activity Something that is part of the overall task or is necessary to the overall experiment but is not directly part of a stimulus-response cycle. Examples would be taking a survey or provided providing a silva sample. Warning Something that should warn the participant that the parameters of the task have been or are about to be exceeded such as a warning message about getting too close to the shoulder of the road in a driving task. Task-relationship Specifying organizational importance of sub-tasks. Background-subtask A part of the task which should be performed in the background as for example inhibiting blinks due to instruction while performing the primary task. Primary-subtask A part of the task which should be the primary focus of the participant. Task-stimulus-role The role the stimulus plays in the task. Cue A signal for an action, a pattern of stimuli indicating a particular response. Distractor A person or thing that distracts or a plausible but incorrect option in a multiple-choice question. In pyschological studies this is sometimes referred to as a foil. Expected Considered likely, probable or anticipated. Something of low information value as in frequent non-targets in an RSVP paradigm. relatedTag Unexpected suggestedTag Target Extraneous Irrelevant or unrelated to the subject being dealt with. Feedback An evaluative response to an inquiry, process, event, or activity. Go-signal An indicator to proceed with a planned action. relatedTag Stop-signal Meaningful Conveying significant or relevant information. Newly-learned Representing recently acquired information or understanding. Non-informative Something that is not useful in forming an opinion or judging an outcome. Non-target Something other than that done or looked for. Also tag Expected if the Non-target is frequent. relatedTag Target Not-meaningful Not having a serious, important, or useful quality or purpose. Novel Having no previous example or precedent or parallel. Oddball Something unusual, or infrequent. relatedTag Unexpected suggestedTag Target Penalty A disadvantage, loss, or hardship due to some action. Planned Something that was decided on or arranged in advance. relatedTag Unplanned Priming An implicit memory effect in which exposure to a stimulus influences response to a later stimulus. Query A sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply. Reward A positive reinforcement for a desired action, behavior or response. Stop-signal An indicator that the agent should stop the current activity. relatedTag Go-signal Target Something fixed as a goal, destination, or point of examination. Threat An indicator that signifies hostility and predicts an increased probability of attack. Timed Something planned or scheduled to be done at a particular time or lasting for a specified amount of time. Unexpected Something that is not anticipated. relatedTag Expected Unplanned Something that has not been planned as part of the task. relatedTag Planned Relation Concerns the way in which two or more people or things are connected. extensionAllowed Comparative-relation Something considered in comparison to something else. The first entity is the focus. Approximately-equal-to (A, (Approximately-equal-to, B)) indicates that A and B have almost the same value. Here A and B could refer to sizes, orders, positions or other quantities. Equal-to (A, (Equal-to, B)) indicates that the size or order of A is the same as that of B. Greater-than (A, (Greater-than, B)) indicates that the relative size or order of A is bigger than that of B. Greater-than-or-equal-to (A, (Greater-than-or-equal-to, B)) indicates that the relative size or order of A is bigger than or the same as that of B. Less-than (A, (Less-than, B)) indicates that A is smaller than B. Here A and B could refer to sizes, orders, positions or other quantities. Less-than-or-equal-to (A, (Less-than-or-equal-to, B)) indicates that the relative size or order of A is smaller than or equal to B. Not-equal-to (A, (Not-equal-to, B)) indicates that the size or order of A is not the same as that of B. Connective-relation Indicates two entities are related in some way. The first entity is the focus. Belongs-to (A, (Belongs-to, B)) indicates that A is a member of B. Connected-to (A, (Connected-to, B)) indicates that A is related to B in some respect, usually through a direct link. Contained-in (A, (Contained-in, B)) indicates that A is completely inside of B. Described-by (A, (Described-by, B)) indicates that B provides information about A. From-to (A, (From-to, B)) indicates a directional relation from A to B. A is considered the source. Group-of (A, (Group-of, B)) indicates A is a group of items of type B. Implied-by (A, (Implied-by, B)) indicates B is suggested by A. Includes (A, (Includes, B)) indicates that A has B as a member or part. Interacts-with (A, (Interacts-with, B)) indicates A and B interact, possibly reciprocally. Member-of (A, (Member-of, B)) indicates A is a member of group B. Part-of (A, (Part-of, B)) indicates A is a part of the whole B. Performed-by (A, (Performed-by, B)) indicates that the action or procedure A was carried out by agent B. Performed-using (A, (Performed-using, B)) indicates that the action or procedure A was accomplished using B. Related-to (A, (Related-to, B)) indicates A has some relationship to B. Unrelated-to (A, (Unrelated-to, B)) indicates that A is not related to B. For example, A is not related to Task. Directional-relation A relationship indicating direction of change of one entity relative to another. The first entity is the focus. Away-from (A, (Away-from, B)) indicates that A is going or has moved away from B. The meaning depends on A and B. Towards (A, (Towards, B)) indicates that A is going to or has moved to B. The meaning depends on A and B. Logical-relation Indicating a logical relationship between entities. The first entity is usually the focus. And (A, (And, B)) means A and B are both in effect. Or (A, (Or, B)) means at least one of A and B are in effect. Spatial-relation Indicating a relationship about position between entities. Above (A, (Above, B)) means A is in a place or position that is higher than B. Across-from (A, (Across-from, B)) means A is on the opposite side of something from B. Adjacent-to (A, (Adjacent-to, B)) indicates that A is next to B in time or space. Ahead-of (A, (Ahead-of, B)) indicates that A is further forward in time or space in B. Around (A, (Around, B)) means A is in or near the present place or situation of B. Behind (A, (Behind, B)) means A is at or to the far side of B, typically so as to be hidden by it. Below (A, (Below, B)) means A is in a place or position that is lower than the position of B. Between (A, (Between, (B, C))) means A is in the space or interval separating B and C. Bilateral-to (A, (Bilateral, B)) means A is on both sides of B or affects both sides of B. Bottom-edge-of (A, (Bottom-edge-of, B)) means A is on the bottom most part or or near the boundary of B. relatedTag Left-edge-of Right-edge-of Top-edge-of Boundary-of (A, (Boundary-of, B)) means A is on or part of the edge or boundary of B. Center-of (A, (Center-of, B)) means A is at a point or or in an area that is approximately central within B. Close-to (A, (Close-to, B)) means A is at a small distance from or is located near in space to B. Far-from (A, (Far-from, B)) means A is at a large distance from or is not located near in space to B. In-front-of (A, (In-front-of, B)) means A is in a position just ahead or at the front part of B, potentially partially blocking B from view. Left-edge-of (A, (Left-edge-of, B)) means A is located on the left side of B on or near the boundary of B. relatedTag Bottom-edge-of Right-edge-of Top-edge-of Left-side-of (A, (Left-side-of, B)) means A is located on the left side of B usually as part of B. relatedTag Right-side-of Lower-center-of (A, (Lower-center-of, B)) means A is situated on the lower center part of B (due south). This relation is often used to specify qualitative information about screen position. relatedTag Center-of Lower-left-of Lower-right-of Upper-center-of Upper-right-of Lower-left-of (A, (Lower-left-of, B)) means A is situated on the lower left part of B. This relation is often used to specify qualitative information about screen position. relatedTag Center-of Lower-center-of Lower-right-of Upper-center-of Upper-left-of Upper-right-of Lower-right-of (A, (Lower-right-of, B)) means A is situated on the lower right part of B. This relation is often used to specify qualitative information about screen position. relatedTag Center-of Lower-center-of Lower-left-of Upper-left-of Upper-center-of Upper-left-of Lower-right-of Outside-of (A, (Outside-of, B)) means A is located in the space around but not including B. Over (A, (Over, B)) means A above is above B so as to cover or protect or A extends over the a general area as from a from a vantage point. Right-edge-of (A, (Right-edge-of, B)) means A is located on the right side of B on or near the boundary of B. relatedTag Bottom-edge-of Left-edge-of Top-edge-of Right-side-of (A, (Right-side-of, B)) means A is located on the right side of B usually as part of B. relatedTag Left-side-of To-left-of (A, (To-left-of, B)) means A is located on or directed toward the side to the west of B when B is facing north. This term is used when A is not part of B. To-right-of (A, (To-right-of, B)) means A is located on or directed toward the side to the east of B when B is facing north. This term is used when A is not part of B. Top-edge-of (A, (Top-edge-of, B)) means A is on the uppermost part or or near the boundary of B. relatedTag Left-edge-of Right-edge-of Bottom-edge-of Top-of (A, (Top-of, B)) means A is on the uppermost part, side, or surface of B. Underneath (A, (Underneath, B)) means A is situated directly below and may be concealed by B. Upper-center-of (A, (Upper-center-of, B)) means A is situated on the upper center part of B (due north). This relation is often used to specify qualitative information about screen position. relatedTag Center-of Lower-center-of Lower-left-of Lower-right-of Upper-center-of Upper-right-of Upper-left-of (A, (Upper-left-of, B)) means A is situated on the upper left part of B. This relation is often used to specify qualitative information about screen position. relatedTag Center-of Lower-center-of Lower-left-of Lower-right-of Upper-center-of Upper-right-of Upper-right-of (A, (Upper-right-of, B)) means A is situated on the upper right part of B. This relation is often used to specify qualitative information about screen position. relatedTag Center-of Lower-center-of Lower-left-of Upper-left-of Upper-center-of Lower-right-of Within (A, (Within, B)) means A is on the inside of or contained in B. Temporal-relation A relationship that includes a temporal or time-based component. After (A, (After B)) means A happens at a time subsequent to a reference time related to B. Asynchronous-with (A, (Asynchronous-with, B)) means A happens at times not occurring at the same time or having the same period or phase as B. Before (A, (Before B)) means A happens at a time earlier in time or order than B. During (A, (During, B)) means A happens at some point in a given period of time in which B is ongoing. Synchronous-with (A, (Synchronous-with, B)) means A happens at occurs at the same time or rate as B. Waiting-for (A, (Waiting-for, B)) means A pauses for something to happen in B. Sleep-and-drowsiness The features of the ongoing activity during sleep are scored here. If abnormal graphoelements appear, disappear or change their morphology during sleep, that is not scored here but at the entry corresponding to that graphooelement (as a modulator). requireChild inLibrary score Sleep-architecture For longer recordings. Only to be scored if whole-night sleep is part of the recording. It is a global descriptor of the structure and pattern of sleep: estimation of the amount of time spent in REM and NREM sleep, sleep duration, NREM-REM cycle. suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine inLibrary score Normal-sleep-architecture inLibrary score Abnormal-sleep-architecture inLibrary score Sleep-stage-reached For normal sleep patterns the sleep stages reached during the recording can be specified requireChild suggestedTag Property-not-possible-to-determine Finding-significance-to-recording inLibrary score Sleep-stage-N1 Sleep stage 1. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Sleep-stage-N2 Sleep stage 2. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Sleep-stage-N3 Sleep stage 3. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Sleep-stage-REM Rapid eye movement. inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score Sleep-spindles Burst at 11-15 Hz but mostly at 12-14 Hz generally diffuse but of higher voltage over the central regions of the head, occurring during sleep. Amplitude varies but is mostly below 50 microV in the adult. suggestedTag Finding-significance-to-recording Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Finding-amplitude-asymmetry inLibrary score Arousal-pattern Arousal pattern in children. Prolonged, marked high voltage 4-6/s activity in all leads with some intermixed slower frequencies, in children. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Frontal-arousal-rhythm Prolonged (up to 20s) rhythmical sharp or spiky activity over the frontal areas (maximum over the frontal midline) seen at arousal from sleep in children with minimal cerebral dysfunction. suggestedTag Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Vertex-wave Sharp potential, maximal at the vertex, negative relative to other areas, apparently occurring spontaneously during sleep or in response to a sensory stimulus during sleep or wakefulness. May be single or repetitive. Amplitude varies but rarely exceeds 250 microV. Abbreviation: V wave. Synonym: vertex sharp wave. suggestedTag Finding-significance-to-recording Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Finding-amplitude-asymmetry inLibrary score K-complex A burst of somewhat variable appearance, consisting most commonly of a high voltage negative slow wave followed by a smaller positive slow wave frequently associated with a sleep spindle. Duration greater than 0.5 s. Amplitude is generally maximal in the frontal vertex. K complexes occur during nonREM sleep, apparently spontaneously, or in response to sudden sensory / auditory stimuli, and are not specific for any individual sensory modality. suggestedTag Finding-significance-to-recording Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Finding-amplitude-asymmetry inLibrary score Saw-tooth-waves Vertex negative 2-5 Hz waves occuring in series during REM sleep suggestedTag Finding-significance-to-recording Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Finding-amplitude-asymmetry inLibrary score POSTS Positive occipital sharp transients of sleep. Sharp transient maximal over the occipital regions, positive relative to other areas, apparently occurring spontaneously during sleep. May be single or repetitive. Amplitude varies but is generally bellow 50 microV. suggestedTag Finding-significance-to-recording Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Finding-amplitude-asymmetry inLibrary score Hypnagogic-hypersynchrony Bursts of bilateral, synchronous delta or theta activity of large amplitude, occasionally with superimposed faster components, occurring during falling asleep or during awakening, in children. suggestedTag Finding-significance-to-recording Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Finding-amplitude-asymmetry inLibrary score Non-reactive-sleep EEG activity consisting of normal sleep graphoelements, but which cannot be interrupted by external stimuli/ the patient cannot be waken. inLibrary score Uncertain-significant-pattern EEG graphoelements or rhythms that resemble abnormal patterns but that are not necessarily associated with a pathology, and the physician does not consider them abnormal in the context of the scored recording (like normal variants and patterns). requireChild inLibrary score Sharp-transient-pattern suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Wicket-spikes Spike-like monophasic negative single waves or trains of waves occurring over the temporal regions during drowsiness that have an arcuate or mu-like appearance. These are mainly seen in older individuals and represent a benign variant that is of little clinical significance. inLibrary score Small-sharp-spikes Benign epileptiform Transients of Sleep (BETS). Small sharp spikes (SSS) of very short duration and low amplitude, often followed by a small theta wave, occurring in the temporal regions during drowsiness and light sleep. They occur on one or both sides (often asynchronously). The main negative and positive components are of about equally spiky character. Rarely seen in children, they are seen most often in adults and the elderly. Two thirds of the patients have a history of epileptic seizures. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Fourteen-six-Hz-positive-burst Burst of arch-shaped waves at 13-17 Hz and/or 5-7-Hz but most commonly at 14 and or 6 Hz seen generally over the posterior temporal and adjacent areas of one or both sides of the head during sleep. The sharp peaks of its component waves are positive with respect to other regions. Amplitude varies but is generally below 75 micro V. Comments: (1) best demonstrated by referential recording using contralateral earlobe or other remote, reference electrodes. (2) This pattern has no established clinical significance. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Six-Hz-spike-slow-wave Spike and slow wave complexes at 4-7Hz, but mostly at 6 Hz occurring generally in brief bursts bilaterally and synchronously, symmetrically or asymmetrically, and either confined to or of larger amplitude over the posterior or anterior regions of the head. The spike has a strong positive component. Amplitude varies but is generally smaller than that of spike-and slow-wave complexes repeating at slower rates. Comment: this pattern should be distinguished from epileptiform discharges. Synonym: wave and spike phantom. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Rudimentary-spike-wave-complex Synonym: Pseudo petit mal discharge. Paroxysmal discharge that consists of generalized or nearly generalized high voltage 3 to 4/sec waves with poorly developed spike in the positive trough between the slow waves, occurring in drowsiness only. It is found only in infancy and early childhood when marked hypnagogic rhythmical theta activity is paramount in the drowsy state. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Slow-fused-transient A posterior slow-wave preceded by a sharp-contoured potential that blends together with the ensuing slow wave, in children. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Needle-like-occipital-spikes-blind Spike discharges of a particularly fast and needle-like character develop over the occipital region in most congenitally blind children. Completely disappear during childhood or adolescence. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Subclinical-rhythmic-EEG-discharge-adults Subclinical rhythmic EEG discharge of adults (SERDA). A rhythmic pattern seen in the adult age group, mainly in the waking state or drowsiness. It consists of a mixture of frequencies, often predominant in the theta range. The onset may be fairly abrupt with widespread sharp rhythmical theta and occasionally with delta activity. As to the spatial distribution, a maximum of this discharge is usually found over the centroparietal region and especially over the vertex. It may resemble a seizure discharge but is not accompanied by any clinical signs or symptoms. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Rhythmic-temporal-theta-burst-drowsiness Rhythmic temporal theta burst of drowsiness (RTTD). Characteristic burst of 4-7 Hz waves frequently notched by faster waves, occurring over the temporal regions of the head during drowsiness. Synonym: psychomotor variant pattern. Comment: this is a pattern of drowsiness that is of no clinical significance. inLibrary score Temporal-slowing-elderly Focal theta and/or delta activity over the temporal regions, especially the left, in persons over the age of 60. Amplitudes are low/similar to the background activity. Comment: focal temporal theta was found in 20 percent of people between the ages of 40-59 years, and 40 percent of people between 60 and 79 years. One third of people older than 60 years had focal temporal delta activity. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Breach-rhythm Rhythmical activity recorded over cranial bone defects. Usually it is in the 6 to 11/sec range, does not respond to movements. suggestedTag Brain-laterality Brain-region Sensors Appearance-mode Discharge-pattern inLibrary score Other-uncertain-significant-pattern requireChild inLibrary score # Free text. takesValue valueClass textClass inLibrary score accelerationUnits defaultUnits m-per-s^2 m-per-s^2 SIUnit unitSymbol conversionFactor 1.0 angleUnits defaultUnits radian radian SIUnit conversionFactor 1.0 rad SIUnit unitSymbol conversionFactor 1.0 degree conversionFactor 0.0174533 areaUnits defaultUnits m^2 m^2 SIUnit unitSymbol conversionFactor 1.0 currencyUnits Units indicating the worth of something. defaultUnits $ dollar conversionFactor 1.0 $ unitPrefix unitSymbol conversionFactor 1.0 euro point electricPotentialUnits defaultUnits uv v SIUnit unitSymbol conversionFactor 0.000001 Volt SIUnit conversionFactor 0.000001 frequencyUnits defaultUnits Hz hertz SIUnit conversionFactor 1.0 Hz SIUnit unitSymbol conversionFactor 1.0 intensityUnits defaultUnits dB dB Intensity expressed as ratio to a threshold. May be used for sound intensity. unitSymbol conversionFactor 1.0 candela Units used to express light intensity. SIUnit cd Units used to express light intensity. SIUnit unitSymbol jerkUnits defaultUnits m-per-s^3 m-per-s^3 unitSymbol conversionFactor 1.0 magneticFieldUnits Units used to magnetic field intensity. defaultUnits fT tesla SIUnit conversionFactor 10^-15 T SIUnit unitSymbol conversionFactor 10^-15 memorySizeUnits defaultUnits B byte SIUnit conversionFactor 1.0 B SIUnit unitSymbol conversionFactor 1.0 physicalLengthUnits defaultUnits m foot conversionFactor 0.3048 inch conversionFactor 0.0254 meter SIUnit conversionFactor 1.0 metre SIUnit conversionFactor 1.0 m SIUnit unitSymbol conversionFactor 1.0 mile conversionFactor 1609.34 speedUnits defaultUnits m-per-s m-per-s SIUnit unitSymbol conversionFactor 1.0 mph unitSymbol conversionFactor 0.44704 kph unitSymbol conversionFactor 0.277778 temperatureUnits degree Celsius SIUnit conversionFactor 1.0 oC SIUnit unitSymbol conversionFactor 1.0 timeUnits defaultUnits s second SIUnit conversionFactor 1.0 s SIUnit unitSymbol conversionFactor 1.0 day conversionFactor 86400 minute conversionFactor 60 hour Should be in 24-hour format. conversionFactor 3600 volumeUnits defaultUnits m^3 m^3 SIUnit unitSymbol conversionFactor 1.0 weightUnits defaultUnits g g SIUnit unitSymbol conversionFactor 1.0 gram SIUnit conversionFactor 1.0 pound conversionFactor 453.592 lb conversionFactor 453.592 deca SI unit multiple representing 10^1. 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SIUnitModifier conversionFactor 0.001 m SI unit submultiple representing 10^-3. SIUnitSymbolModifier conversionFactor 0.001 micro SI unit submultiple representing 10^-6. SIUnitModifier conversionFactor 10^-6 u SI unit submultiple representing 10^-6. SIUnitSymbolModifier conversionFactor 10^-6 nano SI unit submultiple representing 10^-9. SIUnitModifier conversionFactor 10^-9 n SI unit submultiple representing 10^-9. SIUnitSymbolModifier conversionFactor 10^-9 pico SI unit submultiple representing 10^-12. SIUnitModifier conversionFactor 10^-12 p SI unit submultiple representing 10^-12. SIUnitSymbolModifier conversionFactor 10^-12 femto SI unit submultiple representing 10^-15. SIUnitModifier conversionFactor 10^-15 f SI unit submultiple representing 10^-15. SIUnitSymbolModifier conversionFactor 10^-15 atto SI unit submultiple representing 10^-18. SIUnitModifier conversionFactor 10^-18 a SI unit submultiple representing 10^-18. SIUnitSymbolModifier conversionFactor 10^-18 zepto SI unit submultiple representing 10^-21. SIUnitModifier conversionFactor 10^-21 z SI unit submultiple representing 10^-21. SIUnitSymbolModifier conversionFactor 10^-21 yocto SI unit submultiple representing 10^-24. SIUnitModifier conversionFactor 10^-24 y SI unit submultiple representing 10^-24. SIUnitSymbolModifier conversionFactor 10^-24 dateTimeClass Date-times should conform to ISO8601 date-time format YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss. Any variation on the full form is allowed. allowedCharacter digits T - : nameClass Value class designating values that have the characteristics of node names. The allowed characters are alphanumeric, hyphen, and underbar. allowedCharacter letters digits _ - numericClass Value must be a valid numerical value. allowedCharacter digits E e + - . posixPath Posix path specification. allowedCharacter digits letters / : textClass Value class designating values that have the characteristics of text such as in descriptions. allowedCharacter letters digits blank + - : ; . / ( ) ? * % $ @ allowedCharacter A schema attribute of value classes specifying a special character that is allowed in expressing the value of a placeholder. Normally the allowed characters are listed individually. However, the word letters designates the upper and lower case alphabetic characters and the word digits designates the digits 0-9. The word blank designates the blank character. valueClassProperty conversionFactor The multiplicative factor to multiply these units to convert to default units. unitProperty unitModifierProperty deprecatedFrom Indicates that this element is deprecated. The value of the attribute is the latest schema version in which the element appeared in undeprecated form. elementProperty defaultUnits A schema attribute of unit classes specifying the default units to use if the placeholder has a unit class but the substituted value has no units. unitClassProperty extensionAllowed A schema attribute indicating that users can add unlimited levels of child nodes under this tag. This tag is propagated to child nodes with the exception of the hashtag placeholders. boolProperty nodeProperty isInheritedProperty inLibrary Indicates this schema element came from the named library schema, not the standard schema. This attribute is added by tools when a library schema is merged into its partnered standard schema. elementProperty recommended A schema attribute indicating that the event-level HED string should include this tag. boolProperty nodeProperty relatedTag A schema attribute suggesting HED tags that are closely related to this tag. This attribute is used by tagging tools. nodeProperty isInheritedProperty requireChild A schema attribute indicating that one of the node elements descendants must be included when using this tag. boolProperty nodeProperty required A schema attribute indicating that every event-level HED string should include this tag. boolProperty nodeProperty reserved A schema attribute indicating that this tag has special meaning and requires special handling by tools. boolProperty nodeProperty rooted Indicates a top-level library schema node is identical to a node of the same name in the partnered standard schema. This attribute can only appear in nodes that have the inLibrary schema attribute. nodeProperty SIUnit A schema attribute indicating that this unit element is an SI unit and can be modified by multiple and submultiple names. Note that some units such as byte are designated as SI units although they are not part of the standard. boolProperty unitProperty SIUnitModifier A schema attribute indicating that this SI unit modifier represents a multiple or submultiple of a base unit rather than a unit symbol. boolProperty unitModifierProperty SIUnitSymbolModifier A schema attribute indicating that this SI unit modifier represents a multiple or submultiple of a unit symbol rather than a base symbol. boolProperty unitModifierProperty suggestedTag A schema attribute that indicates another tag that is often associated with this tag. This attribute is used by tagging tools to provide tagging suggestions. nodeProperty isInheritedProperty tagGroup A schema attribute indicating the tag can only appear inside a tag group. boolProperty nodeProperty takesValue A schema attribute indicating the tag is a hashtag placeholder that is expected to be replaced with a user-defined value. boolProperty nodeProperty topLevelTagGroup A schema attribute indicating that this tag (or its descendants) can only appear in a top-level tag group. A tag group can have at most one tag with this attribute. boolProperty nodeProperty unique A schema attribute indicating that only one of this tag or its descendants can be used in the event-level HED string. boolProperty nodeProperty unitClass A schema attribute specifying which unit class this value tag belongs to. nodeProperty unitPrefix A schema attribute applied specifically to unit elements to designate that the unit indicator is a prefix (e.g., dollar sign in the currency units). boolProperty unitProperty unitSymbol A schema attribute indicating this tag is an abbreviation or symbol representing a type of unit. Unit symbols represent both the singular and the plural and thus cannot be pluralized. boolProperty unitProperty valueClass A schema attribute specifying which value class this value tag belongs to. nodeProperty boolProperty Indicates that the schema attribute represents something that is either true or false and does not have a value. Attributes without this value are assumed to have string values. elementProperty Indicates this schema attribute can apply to any type of element(tag term, unit class, etc). isInheritedProperty Indicates that this attribute is inherited by child nodes. This property only applies to schema attributes for nodes. nodeProperty Indicates this schema attribute applies to node (tag-term) elements. This was added to allow for an attribute to apply to multiple elements. unitClassProperty Indicates that the schema attribute is meant to be applied to unit classes. unitModifierProperty Indicates that the schema attribute is meant to be applied to unit modifier classes. unitProperty Indicates that the schema attribute is meant to be applied to units within a unit class. valueClassProperty Indicates that the schema attribute is meant to be applied to value classes. The Standardized Computer-based Organized Reporting of EEG (SCORE) is a standard terminology for scalp EEG data assessment designed for use in clinical practice that may also be used for research purposes. The SCORE standard defines terms for describing phenomena observed in scalp EEG data. It is also potentially applicable (with some suitable extensions) to EEG recorded in critical care and neonatal settings. The SCORE standard received European consensus and has been endorsed by the European Chapter of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology (IFCN) and the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Commission on European Affairs. A second revised and extended version of SCORE achieved international consensus. [1] Beniczky, Sandor, et al. "Standardized computer based organized reporting of EEG: SCORE." Epilepsia 54.6 (2013). [2] Beniczky, Sandor, et al. "Standardized computer based organized reporting of EEG: SCORE second version." Clinical Neurophysiology 128.11 (2017). TPA, March 2023