---
id: face_pull
name: Face Pull
status: complete
category: exercise
pattern: [isolation]
equipment: [cable]

difficulty:
  technical_complexity: 2
  strength_prerequisite: 1
  mobility_prerequisite: 1

muscles:
  - id: deltoid_posterior
    role: primary
  - id: infraspinatus
    role: primary
  - id: teres_minor
    role: primary
  - id: trap_middle
    role: secondary
  - id: trap_lower
    role: secondary
  - id: rhomboids
    role: secondary
  - id: supraspinatus
    role: stabilizer

# No peer-reviewed quantitative EMG data found for the face pull.
# Widely used in shoulder health protocols based on posterior cuff anatomy.
# Combination of horizontal abduction + external rotation makes it unique vs other rear delt exercises.
muscle_activation_studies: []

joint_rom_required:
  shoulder_horizontal_abduction_deg: 90
  shoulder_external_rotation_deg: 90
  source: "biomechanical inference"

strength_curve:
  type: bell_shaped
  sticking_point: mid_range
  peak_force_position: mid
  notes: "Cable provides constant tension throughout; peak load at mid-range where both horizontal abduction and external rotation moment arms are maximal"
  source: "biomechanical inference"

injury_risk:
  joint_stress:
    shoulder: low
    elbow: low
  common_injuries: []
  contraindications:
    - acute_posterior_shoulder_impingement

variations: []
progressions: []
alternatives: [seated_bent_over_rear_delt_raise, bent_over_dumbbell_rear_delt_raise_with_head_on_bench]

sources: []
---

# Face Pull

The face pull is a cable-based isolation exercise combining shoulder horizontal abduction with external rotation. It is unique among rear deltoid exercises in that it simultaneously loads the infraspinatus, teres minor, and posterior deltoid — the complete posterior rotator cuff and deltoid complex. This combination makes it a cornerstone of shoulder health programming, not merely an aesthetic exercise.

## Execution

1. Set a cable machine pulley to approximately head height; attach a rope
2. Grip the rope with both hands, thumbs facing you, and step back until there is tension on the cable
3. Pull the rope toward the face, splitting the hands apart so each hand moves to the side of the head
4. At the end position, the upper arms should be roughly parallel to the floor, elbows at 90°, with the forearms angled upward — this is the external rotation component
5. Return under control; do not let the cable snap the shoulders forward

## The Dual Movement Pattern

Most posterior shoulder exercises train only horizontal abduction. The face pull adds **external rotation** by ending with the forearms pointing upward. This dual pattern:

1. Loads the infraspinatus and teres minor through their concentric range (external rotation)
2. Loads the posterior deltoid through horizontal abduction
3. Reinforces the upper/lower trap balance needed for scapular upward rotation

This makes the face pull functionally different from the bent-over rear delt raise — the rear delt raise primarily trains horizontal abduction in a fixed sagittal plane, while the face pull adds the external rotation that the rotator cuff needs for shoulder longevity.

## Role in Programming

The face pull is most valuable as a:
- **Shoulder health exercise**: Direct posterior cuff loading that counters the internal rotation bias of pressing movements
- **Scapular stabilizer**: Upper-back retraction and depression training via mid and lower trapezius
- **Volume accumulation**: High rep tolerability (15–30 reps) makes it suitable at the end of upper-body sessions

In programs heavily loaded with pressing volume, the face pull is one of the few exercises addressing the weakness patterns associated with shoulder impingement.

## Variations

| Variation | Key difference | Best for |
|-----------|----------------|----------|
| Seated bent-over rear delt raise | Dumbbell; horizontal abduction only | Pure rear delt isolation |
| Band pull-apart | No cable needed; high reps | Shoulder warm-up; travel |
| Cuban rotation | External rotation from 90° abduction | Rotator cuff strengthening |
| Kneeling face pull | Eliminates hip drive | Strict form |

> For system-specific training applications, see each system's lens entry.