ICDO: International Classification of Diseases Ontology Edison Ong Grace Whah Jennifer Roman Justin Song Ling Wan (Eric) Oliver He Virginia He 11-4-2022 1.0.83 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Relates an entity in the ontology to the name of the variable that is used to represent it in the code that generates the BFO OWL file from the lispy specification. Really of interest to developers only BFO OWL specification label Relates an entity in the ontology to the term that is used to represent it in the the CLIF specification of BFO2 Person:Alan Ruttenberg Really of interest to developers only BFO CLIF specification label editor preferred term The concise, meaningful, and human-friendly name for a class or property preferred by the ontology developers. (US-English) PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> editor preferred term example of usage has curation status PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Bill Bug PERSON:Melanie Courtot OBI_0000281 has curation status definition The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions. 2012-04-05: Barry Smith The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible. Can you fix to something like: A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property. Alan Ruttenberg Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria. On the specifics of the proposed definition: We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition. Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable. We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> definition definition editor note An administrative note intended for its editor. It may not be included in the publication version of the ontology, so it should contain nothing necessary for end users to understand the ontology. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obfoundry.org/obo/obi> IAO:0000116 uberon editor_note true editor_note editor note editor note term editor Name of editor entering the term in the file. The term editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The term editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people 20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/115. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> definition editor term editor alternative term definition source formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007 PERSON:Daniel Schober Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> definition source definition source curator note An administrative note of use for a curator but of no use for a user PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg IAO:0000232 uberon curator_notes true curator_notes curator note curator note curator notes imported from expand expression to OBO foundry unique label elucidation has associated axiom(nl) has associated axiom(fol) has gbt_14396 code has icd11 code has_alternative_id in icd10 has icd10 code has icd9 code An annotation property that indicates whether the code is specific enough to be used as a billable medical code. Oliver He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Rules/Billable_Specific_Codes The following 72,186 ICD-10-CM codes are billable/specific and can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes as there are no codes with a greater level of specificity under each code. Reference: https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Rules/Billable_Specific_Codes code billability An assertion that holds between an OWL Object Property and a temporal interpretation that elucidates how OWL Class Axioms that use this property are to be interpreted in a temporal context. temporal interpretation https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime S dubious_for_taxon T if it is probably the case that no instances of S can be found in any instance of T. RO:0002174 uberon dubious_for_taxon true true dubious_for_taxon this relation lacks a strong logical interpretation, but can be used in place of never_in_taxon where it is desirable to state that the definition of the class is too strict for the taxon under consideration, but placing a never_in_taxon link would result in a chain of inconsistencies that will take time to resolve. Example: metencephalon in teleost dubious_for_taxon S present_in_taxon T if some instance of T has some S. This does not means that all instances of T have an S - it may only be certain life stages or sexes that have S RO:0002175 applicable for taxon uberon present_in_taxon true true present_in_taxon present_in_taxon An assertion that involves at least one OWL object that is intended to be expanded into one or more logical axioms. The logical expansion can yield axioms expressed using any formal logical system, including, but not limited to OWL2-DL. logical macro assertion https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/wiki/ShortcutRelations A logical macro assertion whose domain is an IRI for a property logical macro assertion on a property Used to annotate object properties to describe a logical meta-property or characteristic of the object property. logical macro assertion on an object property logical macro assertion on an annotation property relation p is the direct form of relation q iff p is a subPropertyOf q, p does not have the Transitive characteristic, q does have the Transitive characteristic, and for all x, y: x q y -> exists z1, z2, ..., zn such that x p z1 ... z2n y The general property hierarchy is: "directly P" SubPropertyOf "P" Transitive(P) Where we have an annotation assertion "directly P" "is direct form of" "P" If we have the annotation P is-direct-form-of Q, and we have inverses P' and Q', then it follows that P' is-direct-form-of Q' Chris Mungall is direct form of relation p is the indirect form of relation q iff p is a subPropertyOf q, and there exists some p' such that p' is the direct form of q, p' o p' -> p, and forall x,y : x q y -> either (1) x p y or (2) x p' y Chris Mungall is indirect form of RO:0002604 quality is_opposite_of true true is_opposite_of is opposite of Used to annotate object properties representing a causal relationship where the value indicates a direction. Should be "+", "-" or "0" cjm 2018-03-13T23:59:29Z is directional form of cjm 2018-03-14T00:03:16Z is positive form of cjm 2018-03-14T00:03:24Z is negative form of part-of is homeomorphic for independent continuants. R is homemorphic for C iff (1) there exists some x,y such that x R y, and x and y instantiate C and (2) for all x, if x is an instance of C, and there exists some y some such that x R y, then it follows that y is an instance of C. cjm 2018-10-21T19:46:34Z R homeomorphic-for C expands to: C SubClassOf R only C. Additionally, for any class D that is disjoint with C, we can also expand to C DisjointWith R some D, D DisjointWith R some C. is homeomorphic for An alternate textual definition for a class taken unmodified from an external source. This definition may have been used to derive a generalized definition for the new class. UBPROP:0000001 uberon external_definition true external_definition This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO external_definition A textual description of an axiom loss in this ontology compared to an external ontology. UBPROP:0000002 uberon axiom_lost_from_external_ontology true axiom_lost_from_external_ontology This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO axiom_lost_from_external_ontology Notes on the homology status of this class. UBPROP:0000003 uberon homology_notes true homology_notes This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO homology_notes UBPROP:0000006 uberon implements_design_pattern true implements_design_pattern implements_design_pattern Used to connect a class to an adjectival form of its label. For example, a class with label 'intestine' may have a relational adjective 'intestinal'. UBPROP:0000007 uberon has_relational_adjective true has_relational_adjective has_relational_adjective Notes on the how instances of this class vary across species. UBPROP:0000008 uberon taxon_notes true taxon_notes taxon_notes Notes on the evolved function of instances of this class. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000009 uberon function_notes true function_notes function_notes Notes on the structure, composition or histology of instances of this class. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000010 uberon structure_notes true structure_notes structure_notes Notes on the ontogenic development of instances of this class. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000011 uberon development_notes true development_notes development_notes Notes on how similar or equivalent classes are represented in other ontologies. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000012 uberon external_ontology_notes true external_ontology_notes external_ontology_notes Notes on how lexical conventions regarding this class, in particular any issues that may arise due to homonyny or synonymy. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000013 uberon terminology_notes true terminology_notes terminology_notes FMA has terms like 'set of X'. In general we do not include set-of terms in uberon, but provide a mapping between the singular form and the FMA set term UBPROP:0000202 uberon fma_set_term true fma_set_term fma_set_term anatomical location has ICD10 name is part of uberon dc-contributor true dc-contributor contributor has_alternative_id has_broad_synonym database_cross_reference has_exact_synonym has_narrow_synonym has_obo_namespace has_related_synonym in_subset shorthand is defined by uberon seeAlso true seeAlso see also uberon depicted_by true depicted_by depicted by is part of my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity) this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood) a core relation that holds between a part and its whole Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other. Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent can be part of an occurrent; only a process can be part of a process; only a continuant can be part of a continuant; only an independent continuant can be part of an independent continuant; only an immaterial entity can be part of an immaterial entity; only a specifically dependent continuant can be part of a specifically dependent continuant; only a generically dependent continuant can be part of a generically dependent continuant. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot be part of an occurrent: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot be part of a continuant: use 'has participant'. A material entity cannot be part of an immaterial entity: use 'has location'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot be part of an independent continuant: use 'inheres in'. An independent continuant cannot be part of a specifically dependent continuant: use 'bearer of'. part_of part of http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:part_of has part my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity) this year has part this day (occurrent parthood) a core relation that holds between a whole and its part Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part. Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent have an occurrent as part; only a process can have a process as part; only a continuant can have a continuant as part; only an independent continuant can have an independent continuant as part; only a specifically dependent continuant can have a specifically dependent continuant as part; only a generically dependent continuant can have a generically dependent continuant as part. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot have an occurrent as part: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot have a continuant as part: use 'has participant'. An immaterial entity cannot have a material entity as part: use 'location of'. An independent continuant cannot have a specifically dependent continuant as part: use 'bearer of'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot have an independent continuant as part: use 'inheres in'. has_part has part realized in this disease is realized in this disease course this fragility is realized in this shattering this investigator role is realized in this investigation is realized by realized_in [copied from inverse property 'realizes'] to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003]) Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a realizable entity and a process, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process realized in realizes this disease course realizes this disease this investigation realizes this investigator role this shattering realizes this fragility to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003]) Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a process and a realizable entity, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process realizes preceded by x is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. An example is: translation preceded_by transcription; aging preceded_by development (not however death preceded_by aging). Where derives_from links classes of continuants, preceded_by links classes of processes. Clearly, however, these two relations are not independent of each other. Thus if cells of type C1 derive_from cells of type C, then any cell division involving an instance of C1 in a given lineage is preceded_by cellular processes involving an instance of C. The assertion P preceded_by P1 tells us something about Ps in general: that is, it tells us something about what happened earlier, given what we know about what happened later. Thus it does not provide information pointing in the opposite direction, concerning instances of P1 in general; that is, that each is such as to be succeeded by some instance of P. Note that an assertion to the effect that P preceded_by P1 is rather weak; it tells us little about the relations between the underlying instances in virtue of which the preceded_by relation obtains. Typically we will be interested in stronger relations, for example in the relation immediately_preceded_by, or in relations which combine preceded_by with a condition to the effect that the corresponding instances of P and P1 share participants, or that their participants are connected by relations of derivation, or (as a first step along the road to a treatment of causality) that the one process in some way affects (for example, initiates or regulates) the other. is preceded by preceded_by http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:preceded_by preceded by precedes x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. precedes occurs in b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t occurs_in unfolds in unfolds_in Paraphrase of definition: a relation between a process and an independent continuant, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant occurs in site of [copied from inverse property 'occurs in'] b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t Paraphrase of definition: a relation between an independent continuant and a process, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant contains process A disease process may occurs in the left side of ear. In this case, the domain is the disease process, and the range is the left side. An object property that represents a relation between a disease process (i.e., DP) and the lateral side of an anatomical entity where the disease process occurs. Eric Wan, Oliver He DP occurs in anatomical lateral side has syndrome has DP material quality caused by An object property that represents a relation between a disease process and a material entity where the disease process has the material entity as a typically abnormal material output. Eric Wan, Oliver He has DP output An object property that represents a relation between a process and a process profile where the process has the process profile. Oliver He has profile has process profile inheres in this fragility inheres in this vase this red color inheres in this apple a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent) and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A dependent inheres in its bearer at all times for which the dependent exists. inheres_in inheres in bearer of this apple is bearer of this red color this vase is bearer of this fragility a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist. bearer_of is bearer of bearer of participates in this blood clot participates in this blood coagulation this input material (or this output material) participates in this process this investigator participates in this investigation a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process participates_in participates in has participant this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot this investigation has participant this investigator this process has participant this input material (or this output material) a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process Has_participant is a primitive instance-level relation between a process, a continuant, and a time at which the continuant participates in some way in the process. The relation obtains, for example, when this particular process of oxygen exchange across this particular alveolar membrane has_participant this particular sample of hemoglobin at this particular time. has_participant http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:has_participant has participant this enzyme has function this catalysis function (more colloquially: this enzyme has this catalysis function) a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many functions, and its functions can exist for different periods of time, but none of its functions can exist when the bearer does not exist. A function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists. has_function has function this apple has quality this red color a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist. has_quality has quality this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator) a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists. has_role has role a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a disposition, in which the disposition specifically depends on the bearer for its existence has disposition inverse of has disposition disposition of penicillin (CHEBI:17334) is allergic trigger for penicillin allergy (DOID:0060520) A relation between a material entity and a condition (a phenotype or disease) of a host, in which the material entity is not part of the host, and is considered harmless to non-allergic hosts, and the condition results in pathological processes that include an abnormally strong immune response against the material entity. is allergic trigger for A relation between a material entity and a condition (a phenotype or disease) of a host, in which the material entity is part of the host itself, and the condition results in pathological processes that include an abnormally strong immune response against the material entity. is autoimmune trigger for penicillin allergy (DOID:0060520) has allergic trigger penicillin (CHEBI:17334) A relation between a condition (a phenotype or disease) of a host and a material entity, in which the material entity is not part of the host, and is considered harmless to non-allergic hosts, and the condition results in pathological processes that include an abnormally strong immune response against the material entity. has allergic trigger A relation between a condition (a phenotype or disease) of a host and a material entity, in which the material entity is part of the host itself, and the condition results in pathological processes that include an abnormally strong immune response against the material entity. has autoimmune trigger x 'regulates in other organism' y if and only if: (x is the realization of a function to exert an effect on the frequency, rate or extent of y) AND (the agents of x are produced by organism o1 and the agents of y are produced by organism o2). David Osumi-Sutherland regulates in other organism A part of relation that applies only between occurents. occurent part of A 'has regulatory component activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is regulated by B. dos 2017-05-24T09:30:46Z has regulatory component activity A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that negatively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is negatively regulated by B. dos 2017-05-24T09:31:01Z By convention GO molecular functions are classified by their effector function. Internal regulatory functions are treated as components. For example, NMDA glutmate receptor activity is a cation channel activity with positive regulatory component 'glutamate binding' and negative regulatory components including 'zinc binding' and 'magnesium binding'. has negative regulatory component activity A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that positively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is positively regulated by B. dos 2017-05-24T09:31:17Z By convention GO molecular functions are classified by their effector function and internal regulatory functions are treated as components. So, for example calmodulin has a protein binding activity that has positive regulatory component activity calcium binding activity. Receptor tyrosine kinase activity is a tyrosine kinase activity that has positive regulatory component 'ligand binding'. has positive regulatory component activity dos 2017-05-24T09:36:08Z A has necessary component activity B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and B is necessary for A. For example, ATPase coupled transporter activity has necessary component ATPase activity; transcript factor activity has necessary component DNA binding activity. has necessary component activity dos 2017-05-24T09:44:33Z A 'has component activity' B if A is A and B are molecular functions (GO_0003674) and A has_component B. has component activity w 'has process component' p if p and w are processes, w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type. dos 2017-05-24T09:49:21Z has component process A relationship that holds between between a receptor and an chemical entity, typically a small molecule or peptide, that carries information between cells or compartments of a cell and which binds the receptor and regulates its effector function. dos 2017-07-19T17:30:36Z has ligand Holds between p and c when p is a transport process or transporter activity and the outcome of this p is to move c from one location to another. dos 2017-07-20T17:11:08Z transports dos 2017-09-17T13:52:24Z Process(P2) is directly regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly regulates P2. directly regulated by Process(P2) is directly negatively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 directly negatively regulated by P1. dos 2017-09-17T13:52:38Z directly negatively regulated by Process(P2) is directly postively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 is directly postively regulated by P1. dos 2017-09-17T13:52:47Z directly positively regulated by A 'has effector activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A 'has component activity' B and B is the effector (output function) of B. Each compound function has only one effector activity. dos 2017-09-22T14:14:36Z This relation is designed for constructing compound molecular functions, typically in combination with one or more regulatory component activity relations. has effector activity David Osumi-Sutherland X ends_after Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X) ends after David Osumi-Sutherland starts_at_end_of X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) immediately preceded by David Osumi-Sutherland ends_at_start_of meets X immediately_precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) immediately precedes David Osumi-Sutherland io X starts_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (start(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y)) starts during David Osumi-Sutherland d during X happens_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y)) happens during David Osumi-Sutherland o overlaps X ends_during Y iff: ((start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X)) AND end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y). ends during x overlaps y if and only if there exists some z such that x has part z and z part of y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 some ?Y) overlaps a 'toe distal phalanx bone' that is connected to a 'toe medial phalanx bone' (an interphalangeal joint *connects* these two bones). a is connected to b if and only if a and b are discrete structure, and there exists some connecting structure c, such that c connects a and b connected to https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Connectivity-Design-Pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-articulations-Design-Pattern The M8 connects Glasgow and Edinburgh a 'toe distal phalanx bone' that is connected to a 'toe medial phalanx bone' (an interphalangeal joint *connects* these two bones). c connects a if and only if there exist some b such that a and b are similar parts of the same system, and c connects b, specifically, c connects a with b. When one structure connects two others it unites some aspect of the function or role they play within the system. connects https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Connectivity-Design-Pattern https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-articulations-Design-Pattern Relation between an collecting structure and another structure, where the collecting structure acts as a conduit channeling fluid, substance or energy away from the other structure. Individual ontologies should provide their own constraints on this abstract relation. For example, in the realm of anatomy this should hold between a vein and an anatomical structure drains w 'has component' p if w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type. The definition of 'has component' is still under discussion. The challenge is in providing a definition that does not imply transitivity. For use in recording has_part with a cardinality constraint, because OWL does not permit cardinality constraints to be used in combination with transitive object properties. In situations where you would want to say something like 'has part exactly 5 digit, you would instead use has_component exactly 5 digit. has component A relationship that holds between a biological entity and a phenotype. Here a phenotype is construed broadly as any kind of quality of an organism part, a collection of these qualities, or a change in quality or qualities (e.g. abnormally increased temperature). The subject of this relationship can be an organism (where the organism has the phenotype, i.e. the qualities inhere in parts of this organism), a genomic entity such as a gene or genotype (if modifications of the gene or the genotype causes the phenotype), or a condition such as a disease (such that if the condition inheres in an organism, then the organism has the phenotype). Chris Mungall has phenotype inverse of has phenotype Chris Mungall phenotype of process(P1) regulates process(P2) iff: P1 results in the initiation or termination of P2 OR affects the frequency of its initiation or termination OR affects the magnitude or rate of output of P2. We use 'regulates' here to specifically imply control. However, many colloquial usages of the term correctly correspond to the weaker relation of 'causally upstream of or within' (aka influences). Consider relabeling to make things more explicit Chris Mungall David Hill Tanya Berardini GO Regulation precludes parthood; the regulatory process may not be within the regulated process. regulates (processual) false regulates Process(P1) negatively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 terminates P2, or P1 descreases the the frequency of initiation of P2 or the magnitude or rate of output of P2. Chris Mungall negatively regulates (process to process) negatively regulates Process(P1) postively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 initiates P2, or P1 increases the the frequency of initiation of P2 or the magnitude or rate of output of P2. Chris Mungall positively regulates (process to process) positively regulates 'human p53 protein' SubClassOf some ('has prototype' some ('participates in' some 'DNA repair')) heart SubClassOf 'has prototype' some ('participates in' some 'blood circulation') x has prototype y if and only if x is an instance of C and y is a prototypical instance of C. For example, every instance of heart, both normal and abnormal is related by the has prototype relation to some instance of a "canonical" heart, which participates in blood circulation. Experimental. In future there may be a formalization in which this relation is treated as a shortcut to some modal logic axiom. We may decide to obsolete this and adopt a more specific evolutionary relationship (e.g. evolved from) TODO: add homeomorphy axiom This property can be used to make weaker forms of certain relations by chaining an additional property. For example, we may say: retina SubClassOf has_prototype some 'detection of light'. i.e. every retina is related to a prototypical retina instance which is detecting some light. Note that this is very similar to 'capable of', but this relation affords a wider flexibility. E.g. we can make a relation between continuants. Chris Mungall has prototype mechanosensory neuron capable of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception (GO:0050974) osteoclast SubClassOf 'capable of' some 'bone resorption' A relation between a material entity (such as a cell) and a process, in which the material entity has the ability to carry out the process. Chris Mungall has function realized in For compatibility with BFO, this relation has a shortcut definition in which the expression "capable of some P" expands to "bearer_of (some realized_by only P)". RO_0000053 some (RO_0000054 only ?Y) capable of c stands in this relationship to p if and only if there exists some p' such that c is capable_of p', and p' is part_of p. Chris Mungall has function in RO_0000053 some (RO_0000054 only (BFO_0000050 some ?Y)) capable of part of 'heart development' has active participant some Shh protein x has participant y if and only if x realizes some active role that inheres in y This may be obsoleted and replaced by the original 'has agent' relation Chris Mungall has agent obsolete has active participant true Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for relations between occurrents involving the relative timing of their starts and ends. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kBv1ep_9g3sTR-SD3jqzFqhuwo9TPNF-l-9fUDbO6rM/edit?pli=1 A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations. temporally related to Every insulin receptor signaling pathway starts with the binding of a ligand to the insulin receptor x starts with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: α(y) = α(x) ∧ ω(y) < ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. Chris Mungall started by starts with x ends with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: α(y) > α(x) ∧ ω(y) = ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. Chris Mungall finished by ends with p has input c iff: p is a process, c is a material entity, c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p. Chris Mungall consumes has input p has output c iff c is a participant in p, c is present at the end of p, and c is not present at the beginning of p. Chris Mungall produces has output A broad relationship between an exposure event or process and any entity (e.g., an organism, organism population, or an organism part) that interacts with an exposure stimulus during the exposure event. ExO:0000001 has exposure receptor A broad relationship between an exposure event or process and any agent, stimulus, activity, or event that causes stress or tension on an organism and interacts with an exposure receptor during an exposure event. ExO:0000000 has exposure stressor A broad relationship between an exposure event or process and a process by which the exposure stressor comes into contact with the exposure receptor ExO:0000055 has exposure route A broad relationship between an exposure event or process and the course takes from the source to the target. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000004 has exposure transport path Any relationship between an exposure event or process and any other entity. Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving exposure events or processes. related via exposure to c has-biological-role r iff c has-role r and r is a biological role (CHEBI:24432) has biological role c has-application-role r iff c has-role r and r is an application role (CHEBI:33232) has application role c has-chemical-role r iff c has-role r and r is a chemical role (CHEBI:51086) has chemical role A faulty traffic light (material entity) whose malfunctioning (a process) is causally upstream of a traffic collision (a process): the traffic light acts upstream of the collision. c acts upstream of p if and only if c enables some f that is involved in p' and p' occurs chronologically before p, is not part of p, and affects the execution of p. c is a material entity and f, p, p' are processes. acts upstream of A gene product that has some activity, where that activity may be a part of a pathway or upstream of the pathway. c acts upstream of or within p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of or within p. c is a material entity and p is an process. affects acts upstream of or within p results in the developmental progression of s iff p is a developmental process and s is an anatomical structure and p causes s to undergo a change in state at some point along its natural developmental cycle (this cycle starts with its formation, through the mature structure, and ends with its loss). This property and its subproperties are being used primarily for the definition of GO developmental processes. The property hierarchy mirrors the core GO hierarchy. In future we may be able to make do with a more minimal set of properties, but due to the way GO is currently structured we require highly specific relations to avoid incorrect entailments. To avoid this, the corresponding genus terms in GO should be declared mutually disjoint. Chris Mungall results_in_developmental_progression_of results in developmental progression of every flower development (GO:0009908) results in development of some flower (PO:0009046) p 'results in development of' c if and only if p is a developmental process and p results in the state of c changing from its initial state as a primordium or anlage through its mature state and to its final state. Chris Mungall http://www.geneontology.org/GO.doc.development.shtml results_in_development_of results in development of an annotation of gene X to anatomical structure formation with results_in_formation_of UBERON:0000007 (pituitary gland) means that at the beginning of the process a pituitary gland does not exist and at the end of the process a pituitary gland exists. every "endocardial cushion formation" (GO:0003272) results_in_formation_of some "endocardial cushion" (UBERON:0002062) Chris Mungall GOC:mtg_berkeley_2013 results_in_formation_of results in formation of an annotation of gene X to cell morphogenesis with results_in_morphogenesis_of CL:0000540 (neuron) means that at the end of the process an input neuron has attained its shape. tongue morphogenesis (GO:0043587) results in morphogenesis of tongue (UBERON:0001723) The relationship that links an entity with the process that results in the formation and shaping of that entity over time from an immature to a mature state. Chris Mungall GOC:mtg_berkeley_2013 results_in_morphogenesis_of results in morphogenesis of an annotation of gene X to cell maturation with results_in_maturation_of CL:0000057 (fibroblast) means that the fibroblast is mature at the end of the process bone maturation (GO:0070977) results_in_maturation_of bone (UBERON:0001474) The relationship that links an entity with a process that results in the progression of the entity over time that is independent of changes in it's shape and results in an end point state of that entity. Chris Mungall GOC:mtg_berkeley_2013 results_in_maturation_of results in maturation of foramen ovale closure SubClassOf results in disappearance of foramen ovale Chris Mungall May be merged into parent relation results_in_disappearance_of results in disappearance of every mullerian duct regression (GO:0001880) results in regression of some mullerian duct (UBERON:0003890) Chris Mungall May be merged into parent relation results in developmental regression of Inverse of 'is substance that treats' cjm is treated by substance cjm holds between x and y if and only if x is causally upstream of y and the progression of x increases the frequency, rate or extent of y causally upstream of, positive effect cjm holds between x and y if and only if x is causally upstream of y and the progression of x decreases the frequency, rate or extent of y causally upstream of, negative effect A relationship between an exposure event or process and any agent, stimulus, activity, or event that causally effects an organism and interacts with an exposure receptor during an exposure event. Austin Meier Chris Mungall Marie Angelique Laporte cjm 2017-06-05T17:35:04Z has exposure stimulus Holds between p and c when p is a localization process (localization covers maintenance of localization as well as its establishment) and the outcome of this process is to regulate the localization of c. Chris Mungall regulates localization of transports or maintains localization of q inheres in part of w if and only if there exists some p such that q inheres in p and p part of w. Because part_of is transitive, inheres in is a sub-relation of inheres in part of Chris Mungall inheres in part of an annotation of gene X to cell differentiation with results_in_maturation_of CL:0000057 (fibroblast) means that at the end of the process the input cell that did not have features of a fibroblast, now has the features of a fibroblast. The relationship that links a specified entity with the process that results in an unspecified entity acquiring the features and characteristics of the specified entity Chris Mungall GOC:mtg_berkeley_2013 results_in_acquisition_of_features_of results in acquisition of features of A mereological relationship or a topological relationship Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving parthood or connectivity relationships mereotopologically related to A relationship that holds between entities participating in some developmental process (GO:0032502) Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving organismal development developmentally related to ATP citrate lyase (ACL) in Arabidopsis: it is a heterooctamer, composed of two types of subunits, ACLA and ACLB in a A(4)B(4) stoichiometry. Neither of the subunits expressed alone give ACL activity, but co-expression results in ACL activity. Both subunits contribute_to the ATP citrate lyase activity. Subunits of nuclear RNA polymerases: none of the individual subunits have RNA polymerase activity, yet all of these subunits contribute_to DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity. eIF2: has three subunits (alpha, beta, gamma); one binds GTP; one binds RNA; the whole complex binds the ribosome (all three subunits are required for ribosome binding). So one subunit is annotated to GTP binding and one to RNA binding without qualifiers, and all three stand in the contributes_to relationship to "ribosome binding". And all three are part_of an eIF2 complex We would like to say if and only if exists c', p' c part_of c' and c' capable_of p and c capable_of p' and p' part_of p then c contributes_to p However, this is not possible in OWL. We instead make this relation a sub-relation of the two chains, which gives us the inference in the one direction. Chris Mungall http://www.geneontology.org/GO.annotation.conventions.shtml#contributes_to In the context of the Gene Ontology, contributes_to may be used only with classes from the molecular function ontology. contributes to a particular instances of akt-2 enables some instance of protein kinase activity Chris Mungall catalyzes executes has is catalyzing is executing This relation differs from the parent relation 'capable of' in that the parent is weaker and only expresses a capability that may not be actually realized, whereas this relation is always realized. This relation is currently used experimentally by the Gene Ontology Consortium. It may not be stable and may be obsoleted at some future time. enables A grouping relationship for any relationship directly involving a function, or that holds because of a function of one of the related entities. Chris Mungall This is a grouping relation that collects relations used for the purpose of connecting structure and function functionally related to this relation holds between c and p when c is part of some c', and c' is capable of p. Chris Mungall false part of structure that is capable of c involved_in p if and only if c enables some process p', and p' is part of p Chris Mungall actively involved in enables part of involved in inverse of enables Chris Mungall enabled by inverse of regulates Chris Mungall regulated by (processual) regulated by inverse of negatively regulates Chris Mungall negatively regulated by inverse of positively regulates Chris Mungall positively regulated by A relationship that holds via some process of localization Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is a grouping relation. related via localization to Holds between p and c when p is a transportation or localization process and the outcome of this process is to move c to a destination that is part of some s, where the start location of c is part of the region that surrounds s. Chris Mungall imports 'pollen tube growth' results_in growth_of some 'pollen tube' Chris Mungall results in growth of Chris Mungall exports inverse of has input Chris Mungall input of inverse of has output Chris Mungall output of Chris Mungall formed as result of A relationship between a process and an anatomical entity such that the process contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the anatomical entity. Chris Mungall results in structural organization of 'protein catabolic process' SubClassOf has_direct_input some protein p has direct input c iff c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p. Chris Mungall directly consumes This is likely to be obsoleted. A candidate replacement would be a new relation 'has bound input' or 'has substrate' has direct input translation SubClassOf has_direct_output some protein p has direct input c iff c is a participanti n p, c is present at the end of p, and c is not present at the beginning of c. Chris Mungall directly produces obsolete has direct output true inverse of upstream of Chris Mungall causally downstream of Chris Mungall immediately causally downstream of p directly activates q if and only if p is immediately upstream of q and p is the realization of a function to increase the rate or activity of q Chris Mungall directly positively regulates directly activates (process to process) directly activates p indirectly activates q if and only if p is upstream of q and there is a chain of directly activates relationships connecting p and q, where the chain is of length greater than one. Chris Mungall indirectly positively regulates indirectly activates Chris Mungall directly negatively regulates directly inhibits (process to process) directly inhibits Chris Mungall indirectly negatively regulates indirectly inhibits This relation groups causal relations between material entities and causal relations between processes This branch of the ontology deals with causal relations between entities. It is divided into two branches: causal relations between occurrents/processes, and causal relations between material entities. We take an 'activity flow-centric approach', with the former as primary, and define causal relations between material entities in terms of causal relations between occurrents. To define causal relations in an activity-flow type network, we make use of 3 primitives: * Temporal: how do the intervals of the two occurrents relate? * Is the causal relation regulatory? * Is the influence positive or negative The first of these can be formalized in terms of the Allen Interval Algebra. Informally, the 3 bins we care about are 'direct', 'indirect' or overlapping. Note that all causal relations should be classified under a RO temporal relation (see the branch under 'temporally related to'). Note that all causal relations are temporal, but not all temporal relations are causal. Two occurrents can be related in time without being causally connected. We take causal influence to be primitive, elucidated as being such that has the upstream changed, some qualities of the donwstream would necessarily be modified. For the second, we consider a relationship to be regulatory if the system in which the activities occur is capable of altering the relationship to achieve some objective. This could include changing the rate of production of a molecule. For the third, we consider the effect of the upstream process on the output(s) of the downstream process. If the level of output is increased, or the rate of production of the output is increased, then the direction is increased. Direction can be positive, negative or neutral or capable of either direction. Two positives in succession yield a positive, two negatives in succession yield a positive, otherwise the default assumption is that the net effect is canceled and the influence is neutral. Each of these 3 primitives can be composed to yield a cross-product of different relation types. Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. causally related to p is causally upstream of q if and only if p precedes q and p and q are linked in a causal chain Chris Mungall causally upstream of p is immediately causally upstream of q iff both (a) p immediately precedes q and (b) p is causally upstream of q. In addition, the output of p must be an input of q. Chris Mungall immediately causally upstream of p1 directly provides input for p2 iff there exists some c such that p1 has_output c and p2 has_input c This is currently called 'directly provides input for' to be consistent with our terminology where we use 'direct' whenever two occurrents succeed one another directly. We may relabel this simply 'provides input for', as directness is implicit Chris Mungall directly provides input for (process to process) directly provides input for transitive form of directly_provides_input_for Chris Mungall This is a grouping relation that should probably not be used in annotation. Consider instead the child relation 'directly provides input for' (which may later be relabeled simply to 'provides input for') transitively provides input for (process to process) transitively provides input for p 'causally upstream or within' q iff (1) the end of p is before the end of q and (2) the execution of p exerts some causal influence over the outputs of q; i.e. if p was abolished or the outputs of p were to be modified, this would necessarily affect q. We would like to make this disjoint with 'preceded by', but this is prohibited in OWL2 Chris Mungall influences (processual) affects causally upstream of or within inverse of causally upstream of or within Chris Mungall causally downstream of or within c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' regulates some p Chris Mungall involved in regulation of c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' positively regulates some p Chris Mungall involved in positive regulation of c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' negatively regulates some p Chris Mungall involved in negative regulation of c involved in or regulates p if and only if either (i) c is involved in p or (ii) c is involved in regulation of p OWL does not allow defining object properties via a Union Chris Mungall involved in or reguates involved in or involved in regulation of A relationship that holds between two entities in which the processes executed by the two entities are causally connected. Considering relabeling as 'pairwise interacts with' This relation and all sub-relations can be applied to either (1) pairs of entities that are interacting at any moment of time (2) populations or species of entity whose members have the disposition to interact (3) classes whose members have the disposition to interact. Chris Mungall Note that this relationship type, and sub-relationship types may be redundant with process terms from other ontologies. For example, the symbiotic relationship hierarchy parallels GO. The relations are provided as a convenient shortcut. Consider using the more expressive processual form to capture your data. In the future, these relations will be linked to their cognate processes through rules. in pairwise interaction with interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0914 https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/wiki/InteractionRelations An interaction relationship in which the two partners are molecular entities that directly physically interact with each other for example via a stable binding interaction or a brief interaction during which one modifies the other. Chris Mungall binds molecularly binds with molecularly interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0915 The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A regulates the kinase activity of B. A and B can be physically interacting but not necessarily. Immediately upstream means there are no intermediate entity between A and B. Chris Mungall Vasundra Touré molecularly controls directly regulates activity of The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that negatively regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A negatively regulates the kinase activity of B. Chris Mungall Vasundra Touré directly inhibits molecularly decreases activity of directly negatively regulates activity of The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that positively regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A positively regulates the kinase activity of B. Chris Mungall Vasundra Touré directly activates molecularly increases activity of directly positively regulates activity of Chris Mungall Experimental: relation used for defining interaction relations. An interaction relation holds when there is an interaction event with two partners. In a directional interaction, one partner is deemed the subject, the other the target partner in Chris Mungall Experimental: relation used for defining interaction relations; the meaning of s 'subject participant in' p is determined by the type of p, where p must be a directional interaction process. For example, in a predator-prey interaction process the subject is the predator. We can imagine a reciprocal prey-predatory process with subject and object reversed. subject participant in Chris Mungall Experimental: relation used for defining interaction relations; the meaning of s 'target participant in' p is determined by the type of p, where p must be a directional interaction process. For example, in a predator-prey interaction process the target is the prey. We can imagine a reciprocal prey-predatory process with subject and object reversed. target participant in A relationship between a material entity and a process where the material entity has some causal role that influences the process causal agent in process p is causally related to q if and only if p or any part of p and q or any part of q are linked by a chain of events where each event pair is one of direct activation or direct inhibition. p may be upstream, downstream, part of or a container of q. Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. causal relation between processes Chris Mungall depends on 'lysine biosynthetic process via diaminopimelate' SubClassOf has_intermediate some diaminopimelate p has intermediate c if and only if p has parts p1, p2 and p1 has output c, and p2 has input c Chris Mungall has intermediate product has intermediate The intent is that the process branch of the causal property hierarchy is primary (causal relations hold between occurrents/processes), and that the material branch is defined in terms of the process branch Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. causal relation between entities A coral reef environment is determined by a particular coral reef s determined by f if and only if s is a type of system, and f is a material entity that is part of s, such that f exerts a strong causal influence on the functioning of s, and the removal of f would cause the collapse of s. The label for this relation is probably too general for its restricted use, where the domain is a system. It may be relabeled in future Chris Mungall determined by (system to material entity) Chris Mungall Pier Buttigieg determined by inverse of determined by Chris Mungall determines (material entity to system) determines s 'determined by part of' w if and only if there exists some f such that (1) s 'determined by' f and (2) f part_of w, or f=w. Chris Mungall determined by part of p results in the end of s if p results in a change of state in s whereby s either ceases to exist, or s becomes functionally impaired or s has its fate committed such that it is put on a path to be degraded. Chris Mungall results in ending of Chris Mungall causally influenced by (entity-centric) causally influenced by Holds between p and c when p is locomotion process and the outcome of this process is the change of location of c Chris Mungall results in movement of The entity or characteristic A is causally upstream of the entity or characteristic B, A having an effect on B. An entity corresponds to any biological type of entity as long as a mass is measurable. A characteristic corresponds to a particular specificity of an entity (e.g., phenotype, shape, size). Chris Mungall Vasundra Touré causally influences (entity-centric) causally influences Process(P1) directly regulates process(P2) iff: P1 regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly regulates P2. Chris Mungall directly regulates (processual) directly regulates gland SubClassOf 'has part structure that is capable of' some 'secretion by cell' s 'has part structure that is capable of' p if and only if there exists some part x such that s 'has part' x and x 'capable of' p Chris Mungall has part structure that is capable of p 'results in closure of' c if and only if p is a developmental process and p results in a state of c changing from open to closed. results in closure of p results in breakdown of c if and only if the execution of p leads to c no longer being present at the end of p results in breakdown of results in synthesis of results in assembly of p results in catabolism of c if and only if p is a catabolic process, and the execution of p results in c being broken into smaller parts with energy being released. results in catabolism of results in disassembly of results in remodeling of p results in organization of c iff p results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of c results in organization of A relationship that holds between a material entity and a process in which causality is involved, with either the material entity or some part of the material entity exerting some influence over the process, or the process influencing some aspect of the material entity. Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. Chris Mungall causal relation between material entity and a process pyrethroid -> growth Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a regulates p. capable of regulating Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a negatively regulates p. capable of negatively regulating renin -> arteriolar smooth muscle contraction Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a positively regulates p. capable of positively regulating pazopanib -> pathological angiogenesis Holds between a material entity c and a pathological process p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, where a inhibits p. treats The entity c may be a molecular entity with a drug role, or it could be some other entity used in a therapeutic context, such as a hyperbaric chamber. capable of inhibiting or preventing pathological process benzene -> cancer [CHEBI] Holds between a material entity c and a pathological process p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, where a negatively regulates p. causes disease capable of upregulating or causing pathological process c is a substance that treats d if c is a material entity (such as a small molecule or compound) and d is a pathological process, phenotype or disease, and c is capable of some activity that negative regulates or decreases the magnitude of d. treats is substance that treats Inverse of 'causal agent in process' process has causal agent Process(P1) directly postively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly positively regulates P2. directly positively regulates (process to process) directly positively regulates Process(P1) directly negatively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly negatively regulates P2. directly negatively regulates (process to process) directly negatively regulates Holds between entity A (a transcription factor) and a nucleic acid B if and only if A down-regulates the expression of B. The nucleic acid can be a gene or an mRNA. Vasundra Touré represses expression of Holds between entity A (a transcription factor) and nucleic acid B if and only if A up-regulates the expression of B. The nucleic acid can be a gene or mRNA. Vasundra Touré increases expression of The genetic variant 'NM_007294.3(BRCA1):c.110C>A (p.Thr37Lys)' casues or contributes to the disease 'familial breast-ovarian cancer'. An environment of exposure to arsenic causes or contributes to the phenotype of patchy skin hyperpigmentation, and the disease 'skin cancer'. A relationship between an entity (e.g. a genotype, genetic variation, chemical, or environmental exposure) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the entity has some causal or contributing role that influences the condition. Note that relationships of phenotypes to organisms/strains that bear them, or diseases they are manifest in, should continue to use RO:0002200 ! 'has phenotype' and RO:0002201 ! 'phenotype of'. Genetic variations can span any level of granularity from a full genome or genotype to an individual gene or sequence alteration. These variations can be represented at the physical level (DNA/RNA macromolecules or their parts, as in the ChEBI ontology and Molecular Sequence Ontology) or at the abstract level (generically dependent continuant sequence features that are carried by these macromolecules, as in the Sequence Ontology and Genotype Ontology). The causal relations in this hierarchy can be used in linking either physical or abstract genetic variations to phenotypes or diseases they cause or contribute to. Environmental exposures include those imposed by natural environments, experimentally applied conditions, or clinical interventions. causes or contributes to condition A relationship between an entity (e.g. a genotype, genetic variation, chemical, or environmental exposure) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the entity has some causal role for the condition. causes condition A relationship between an entity (e.g. a genotype, genetic variation, chemical, or environmental exposure) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the entity has some contributing role that influences the condition. contributes to condition A relationship between an entity (e.g. a genotype, genetic variation, chemical, or environmental exposure) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the entity influences the severity with which a condition manifests in an individual. contributes to expressivity of condition contributes to severity of condition A relationship between an entity (e.g. a genotype, genetic variation, chemical, or environmental exposure) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the entity influences the frequency of the condition in a population. contributes to penetrance of condition contributes to frequency of condition A relationship between an entity (e.g. a genotype, genetic variation, chemical, or environmental exposure) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the presence of the entity reduces or eliminates some or all aspects of the condition. is preventative for condition Genetic variations can span any level of granularity from a full genome or genotype to an individual gene or sequence alteration. These variations can be represented at the physical level (DNA/RNA macromolecules or their parts, as in the ChEBI ontology and Molecular Sequence Ontology) or at the abstract level (generically dependent continuant sequence features that are carried by these macromolecules, as in the Sequence Ontology and Genotype Ontology). The causal relations in this hierarchy can be used in linking either physical or abstract genetic variations to phenotypes or diseases they cause or contribute to. Environmental exposures include those imposed by natural environments, experimentally applied conditions, or clinical interventions. ameliorates condition A relationship between an entity (e.g. a chemical, environmental exposure, or some form of genetic variation) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the presence of the entity worsens some or all aspects of the condition. exacerbates condition A relationship between a condition (a phenotype or disease) and an entity (e.g. a chemical, environmental exposure, or some form of genetic variation) where some or all aspects of the condition are reduced or eliminated by the presence of the entity. condition ameliorated by A relationship between a condition (a phenotype or disease) and an entity (e.g. a chemical, environmental exposure, or some form of genetic variation) where some or all aspects of the condition are worsened by the presence of the entity. condition exacerbated by Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a more specific relations cjm 2017-11-05T02:38:20Z condition has genetic basis in cjm 2017-11-05T02:45:20Z has material basis in gain of function germline mutation in cjm 2017-11-05T02:45:37Z has material basis in loss of function germline mutation in cjm 2017-11-05T02:45:54Z has material basis in germline mutation in cjm 2017-11-05T02:46:07Z has material basis in somatic mutation in cjm 2017-11-05T02:46:26Z has major susceptibility factor cjm 2017-11-05T02:46:57Z has partial material basis in germline mutation in p 'has primary input ot output' c iff either (a) p 'has primary input' c or (b) p 'has primary output' c. cjm 2018-12-13T11:26:17Z has primary input or output p has primary output c if (a) p has output c and (b) the goal of process is to modify, produce, or transform c. cjm 2018-12-13T11:26:32Z has primary output p has primary input c if (a) p has input c and (b) the goal of process is to modify, consume, or transform c. cjm 2018-12-13T11:26:56Z has primary input Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a more specific relations cjm 2017-11-05T02:53:08Z is genetic basis for condition Relates a gene to condition, such that a mutation in this gene in a germ cell provides a new function of the corresponding product and that is sufficient to produce the condition and that can be passed on to offspring[modified from orphanet]. cjm 2017-11-05T02:55:51Z is causal gain of function germline mutation of in Relates a gene to condition, such that a mutation in this gene in a germ cell impairs the function of the corresponding product and that is sufficient to produce the condition and that can be passed on to offspring[modified from orphanet]. cjm 2017-11-05T02:56:06Z is causal loss of function germline mutation of in Relates a gene to condition, such that a mutation in this gene is sufficient to produce the condition and that can be passed on to offspring[modified from orphanet]. cjm 2017-11-05T02:56:40Z is causal germline mutation in Relates a gene to condition, such that a mutation in this gene is sufficient to produce the condition but that cannot be passed on to offspring[modified from orphanet]. cjm 2017-11-05T02:57:07Z is causal somatic mutation in Relates a gene to condition, such that a mutation in this gene predisposes to the development of a condition and that is necessary but not sufficient to develop the condition[modified from orphanet]. cjm 2017-11-05T02:57:43Z is causal susceptibility factor for Relates a gene to condition, such that a mutation in this gene partially contributes to the presentation of this condition[modified from orphanet]. cjm 2017-11-05T02:58:43Z is causal germline mutation partially giving rise to cjm 2017-11-05T03:20:01Z realizable has basis in cjm 2017-11-05T03:20:29Z is basis for realizable cjm 2017-11-05T03:26:47Z disease has basis in A relation that holds between the disease and a material entity where the physical basis of the disease is a disorder of that material entity that affects its function. disease has basis in dysfunction of (disease to anatomical structure) cjm 2017-11-05T03:29:32Z disease has basis in dysfunction of A relation that holds between the disease and a process where the physical basis of the disease disrupts execution of a key biological process. disease has basis in disruption of (disease to process) cjm 2017-11-05T03:37:52Z disease has basis in disruption of A relation that holds between the disease and a feature (a phenotype or other disease) where the physical basis of the disease is the feature. cjm 2017-11-05T03:46:07Z disease has basis in feature Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all of which have a disease as the subject. cjm 2017-11-05T03:50:54Z causal relationship with disease as subject A relationship between a disease and a process where the disease process disrupts the execution of the process. disease causes disruption of (disease to process) cjm 2017-11-05T03:51:09Z disease causes disruption of disease causes dysfunction of (disease to anatomical entity) cjm 2017-11-05T03:58:20Z disease causes dysfunction of A relationship between a realizable entity R (e.g. function or disposition) and a material entity M where R is realized in response to a process that has an input stimulus of M. cjm 2017-12-26T19:45:49Z realized in response to stimulus A relationship between a disease and an anatomical structure where the material basis of the disease is some pathological change in the structure. cjm 2017-12-26T19:58:44Z disease arises from structure cjm 2018-01-26T23:49:30Z acts upstream of or within, positive effect cjm 2018-01-26T23:49:51Z acts upstream of or within, negative effect c 'acts upstream of, positive effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is positive cjm 2018-01-26T23:53:14Z acts upstream of, positive effect c 'acts upstream of, negative effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is negative cjm 2018-01-26T23:53:22Z acts upstream of, negative effect cjm 2018-03-13T23:55:05Z causally upstream of or within, negative effect cjm 2018-03-13T23:55:19Z causally upstream of or within, positive effect A drought sensitivity trait that inheres in a whole plant is realized in a systemic response process in response to exposure to drought conditions. An inflammatory disease that is realized in response to an inflammatory process occurring in the gut (which is itself the realization of a process realized in response to harmful stimuli in the mucosal lining of th gut) Environmental polymorphism in butterflies: These butterflies have a 'responsivity to day length trait' that is realized in response to the duration of the day, and is realized in developmental processes that lead to increased or decreased pigmentation in the adult morph. r 'realized in response to' s iff, r is a realizable (e.g. a plant trait such as responsivity to drought), s is an environmental stimulus (a process), and s directly causes the realization of r. Austin Meier Chris Mungall David Osumi-Sutherland Marie Angelique Laporte triggered by process realized in response to https://docs.google.com/document/d/1KWhZxVBhIPkV6_daHta0h6UyHbjY2eIrnON1WIRGgdY/edit The entity A has an activity that regulates an activity of the entity B. For example, A and B are gene products where the catalytic activity of A regulates the kinase activity of B. Vasundra Touré regulates activity of The entity A has an activity that regulates the quantity or abundance or concentration of the entity B. Vasundra Touré regulates quantity of The entity A is not immediately upstream of the entity B but A has an activity that regulates an activity performed by B. Vasundra Touré indirectly regulates activity of The entity A has an activity that down-regulates by repression the quantity of B. The down-regulation is due to A having an effect on an intermediate entity (typically a DNA or mRNA element) which can produce B. For example, protein A (transcription factor) indirectly decreases by repression the quantity of protein B (gene product) if and only if A negatively regulates the process of transcription or translation of a nucleic acid element that produces B. Vasundra Touré decreases by repression quantity of The entity A has an activity that up-regulates by expression the quantity of B. The up-regulation is due to A having an effect on an intermediate entity (typically a DNA or mRNA element) which can produce B. For example, protein A (transcription factor) indirectly increases by expression the quantity of protein B (gene product) if and only if A positively regulates the process of transcription or translation of a nucleic acid element that produces B. Vasundra Touré increases by expression quantity of The entity A has an activity that directly positively regulates the quantity of B. Vasundra Touré directly positively regulates quantity of The entity A has an activity that directly negatively regulates the quantity of B. Vasundra Touré directly negatively regulates quantity of The entity A is not immediately upstream of the entity B and has an activity that up-regulates an activity performed by B. Vasundra Touré indirectly activates indirectly positively regulates activity of AKT1 destabilizes quantity of FOXO (interaction from Signor database: SIGNOR-252844) An entity A directly interacts with B and A has an activity that decreases the amount of an entity B by degradating it. Vasundra Touré destabilizes quantity of AKT1 stabilizes quantity of XIAP (interaction from Signor database: SIGNOR-119488) An entity A physically interacts with B and A has an activity that increases the amount of an entity B by stabilizing it. Vasundra Touré stabilizes quantity of The entity A is not immediately upstream of the entity B and has an activity that down-regulates an activity performed by B. Vasundra Touré indirectly inhibits indirectly negatively regulates activity of The entity A, immediately upstream of B, has an activity that directly regulates the quantity of B. Vasundra Touré directly regulates quantity of The entity A is not immediately upstream of the entity B, but A has an activity that regulates the quantity or abundance or concentration of B. Vasundra Touré indirectly regulates quantity of The entity A does not physically interact with the entity B, and A has an activity that down-regulates the quantity or abundance or concentration of B. Vasundra Touré indirectly negatively regulates quantity of The entity A does not physically interact with the entity B, and A has an activity that up-regulates the quantity or abundance or concentration of B. Vasundra Touré indirectly positively regulates quantity of This relation groups relations between diseases and any other kind of entity. Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, in which the subject or object is a disease. cjm 2018-09-26T00:00:32Z disease relationship p has anatomical participant c iff p has participant c, and c is an anatomical entity cjm 2018-09-26T01:08:58Z has anatomical participant Relation between biological objects that resemble or are related to each other sufficiently to warrant a comparison. TODO: Add homeomorphy axiom ECO:0000041 SO:similar_to sameness similar to correspondence resemblance in similarity relationship with entity Entity Julius Caesar Verdi’s Requiem the Second World War your body mass index BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81 Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001]) entity continuant Continuant An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240 Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002]) if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002]) (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] continuant occurrent Occurrent An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. BFO 2 Reference: every occurrent that is not a temporal or spatiotemporal region is s-dependent on some independent continuant that is not a spatial region BFO 2 Reference: s-dependence obtains between every process and its participants in the sense that, as a matter of necessity, this process could not have existed unless these or those participants existed also. A process may have a succession of participants at different phases of its unfolding. Thus there may be different players on the field at different times during the course of a football game; but the process which is the entire game s-depends_on all of these players nonetheless. Some temporal parts of this process will s-depend_on on only some of the players. Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process. Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame. An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002]) Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001]) b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001]) (forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] (forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] occurrent ic IndependentContinuant a chair a heart a leg a molecule a spatial region an atom an orchestra. an organism the bottom right portion of a human torso the interior of your mouth A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything. b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001]) For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002]) (forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] (forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] (iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] independent continuant s-region SpatialRegion BFO 2 Reference: Spatial regions do not participate in processes. Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional. A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001]) All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001]) (forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] (forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] spatial region t-region TemporalRegion Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001]) All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001]) Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002]) (forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] (forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] (forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] temporal region 2d-s-region TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion an infinitely thin plane in space. the surface of a sphere-shaped part of space A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001]) (forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] two-dimensional spatial region st-region SpatiotemporalRegion the spatiotemporal region occupied by a human life the spatiotemporal region occupied by a process of cellular meiosis. the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001]) All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001]) Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001]) Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001]) Every spatiotemporal region occupies_spatiotemporal_region itself. Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002]) (forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] (forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] (forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] spatiotemporal region process Process a process of cell-division, \ a beating of the heart a process of meiosis a process of sleeping the course of a disease the flight of a bird the life of an organism your process of aging. An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) BFO 2 Reference: The realm of occurrents is less pervasively marked by the presence of natural units than is the case in the realm of independent continuants. Thus there is here no counterpart of ‘object’. In BFO 1.0 ‘process’ served as such a counterpart. In BFO 2.0 ‘process’ is, rather, the occurrent counterpart of ‘material entity’. Those natural – as contrasted with engineered, which here means: deliberately executed – units which do exist in the realm of occurrents are typically either parasitic on the existence of natural units on the continuant side, or they are fiat in nature. Thus we can count lives; we can count football games; we can count chemical reactions performed in experiments or in chemical manufacturing. We cannot count the processes taking place, for instance, in an episode of insect mating behavior.Even where natural units are identifiable, for example cycles in a cyclical process such as the beating of a heart or an organism’s sleep/wake cycle, the processes in question form a sequence with no discontinuities (temporal gaps) of the sort that we find for instance where billiard balls or zebrafish or planets are separated by clear spatial gaps. Lives of organisms are process units, but they too unfold in a continuous series from other, prior processes such as fertilization, and they unfold in turn in continuous series of post-life processes such as post-mortem decay. Clear examples of boundaries of processes are almost always of the fiat sort (midnight, a time of death as declared in an operating theater or on a death certificate, the initiation of a state of war) (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] process disposition Disposition an atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways. the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis BFO 2 Reference: Dispositions exist along a strength continuum. Weaker forms of disposition are realized in only a fraction of triggering cases. These forms occur in a significant number of cases of a similar type. b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002]) If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002]) (forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] (forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] disposition realizable RealizableEntity the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity. the disposition of your blood to coagulate the function of your reproductive organs the role of being a doctor the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances. To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002]) All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002]) (forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] (forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] realizable entity 0d-s-region ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001]) (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] zero-dimensional spatial region quality Quality the ambient temperature of this portion of air the color of a tomato the length of the circumference of your waist the mass of this piece of gold. the shape of your nose the shape of your nostril a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001]) If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001]) (forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] (forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] quality sdc SpecificallyDependentContinuant Reciprocal specifically dependent continuants: the function of this key to open this lock and the mutually dependent disposition of this lock: to be opened by this key of one-sided specifically dependent continuants: the mass of this tomato of relational dependent continuants (multiple bearers): John’s love for Mary, the ownership relation between John and this statue, the relation of authority between John and his subordinates. the disposition of this fish to decay the function of this heart: to pump blood the mutual dependence of proton donors and acceptors in chemical reactions [79 the mutual dependence of the role predator and the role prey as played by two organisms in a given interaction the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its center the role of being a doctor the shape of this hole. the smell of this portion of mozzarella A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same. b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc. (iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] specifically dependent continuant role Role John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married. the priest role the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighboring administrative territories the role of a building in serving as a military target the role of a stone in marking a property boundary the role of subject in a clinical trial the student role A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts. BFO 2 Reference: One major family of examples of non-rigid universals involves roles, and ontologies developed for corresponding administrative purposes may consist entirely of representatives of entities of this sort. Thus ‘professor’, defined as follows,b instance_of professor at t =Def. there is some c, c instance_of professor role & c inheres_in b at t.denotes a non-rigid universal and so also do ‘nurse’, ‘student’, ‘colonel’, ‘taxpayer’, and so forth. (These terms are all, in the jargon of philosophy, phase sortals.) By using role terms in definitions, we can create a BFO conformant treatment of such entities drawing on the fact that, while an instance of professor may be simultaneously an instance of trade union member, no instance of the type professor role is also (at any time) an instance of the type trade union member role (any more than any instance of the type color is at any time an instance of the type length).If an ontology of employment positions should be defined in terms of roles following the above pattern, this enables the ontology to do justice to the fact that individuals instantiate the corresponding universals – professor, sergeant, nurse – only during certain phases in their lives. b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001]) (forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] role fiat-object-part FiatObjectPart or with divisions drawn by cognitive subjects for practical reasons, such as the division of a cake (before slicing) into (what will become) slices (and thus member parts of an object aggregate). However, this does not mean that fiat object parts are dependent for their existence on divisions or delineations effected by cognitive subjects. If, for example, it is correct to conceive geological layers of the Earth as fiat object parts of the Earth, then even though these layers were first delineated in recent times, still existed long before such delineation and what holds of these layers (for example that the oldest layers are also the lowest layers) did not begin to hold because of our acts of delineation.Treatment of material entity in BFOExamples viewed by some as problematic cases for the trichotomy of fiat object part, object, and object aggregate include: a mussel on (and attached to) a rock, a slime mold, a pizza, a cloud, a galaxy, a railway train with engine and multiple carriages, a clonal stand of quaking aspen, a bacterial community (biofilm), a broken femur. Note that, as Aristotle already clearly recognized, such problematic cases – which lie at or near the penumbra of instances defined by the categories in question – need not invalidate these categories. The existence of grey objects does not prove that there are not objects which are black and objects which are white; the existence of mules does not prove that there are not objects which are donkeys and objects which are horses. It does, however, show that the examples in question need to be addressed carefully in order to show how they can be fitted into the proposed scheme, for example by recognizing additional subdivisions [29 the FMA:regional parts of an intact human body. the Western hemisphere of the Earth the division of the brain into regions the division of the planet into hemispheres the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the body the upper and lower lobes of the left lung BFO 2 Reference: Most examples of fiat object parts are associated with theoretically drawn divisions b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004]) (forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] fiat object part 1d-s-region OneDimensionalSpatialRegion an edge of a cube-shaped portion of space. A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001]) (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] one-dimensional spatial region 3d-s-region ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion a cube-shaped region of space a sphere-shaped region of space, A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001]) (forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] three-dimensional spatial region site Site Manhattan Canyon) a hole in the interior of a portion of cheese a rabbit hole an air traffic control region defined in the airspace above an airport the Grand Canyon the Piazza San Marco the cockpit of an aircraft the hold of a ship the interior of a kangaroo pouch the interior of the trunk of your car the interior of your bedroom the interior of your office the interior of your refrigerator the lumen of your gut your left nostril (a fiat part – the opening – of your left nasal cavity) b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002]) (forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] site gdc GenericallyDependentContinuant The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity. the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule. A continuant that is dependent on one or other independent continuant bearers. For every instance of A requires some instance of (an independent continuant type) B but which instance of B serves can change from time to time. b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] generically dependent continuant function Function the function of a hammer to drive in nails the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity the function of amylase in saliva to break down starch into sugar BFO 2 Reference: In the past, we have distinguished two varieties of function, artifactual function and biological function. These are not asserted subtypes of BFO:function however, since the same function – for example: to pump, to transport – can exist both in artifacts and in biological entities. The asserted subtypes of function that would be needed in order to yield a separate monoheirarchy are not artifactual function, biological function, etc., but rather transporting function, pumping function, etc. A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001]) (forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] function 1d-t-region OneDimensionalTemporalRegion the temporal region during which a process occurs. BFO 2 Reference: A temporal interval is a special kind of one-dimensional temporal region, namely one that is self-connected (is without gaps or breaks). A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001]) (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] one-dimensional temporal region material MaterialEntity a flame a forest fire a human being a hurricane a photon a puff of smoke a sea wave a tornado an aggregate of human beings. an energy wave an epidemic the undetached arm of a human being An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. BFO 2 Reference: Material entities (continuants) can preserve their identity even while gaining and losing material parts. Continuants are contrasted with occurrents, which unfold themselves in successive temporal parts or phases [60 BFO 2 Reference: Object, Fiat Object Part and Object Aggregate are not intended to be exhaustive of Material Entity. Users are invited to propose new subcategories of Material Entity. BFO 2 Reference: ‘Matter’ is intended to encompass both mass and energy (we will address the ontological treatment of portions of energy in a later version of BFO). A portion of matter is anything that includes elementary particles among its proper or improper parts: quarks and leptons, including electrons, as the smallest particles thus far discovered; baryons (including protons and neutrons) at a higher level of granularity; atoms and molecules at still higher levels, forming the cells, organs, organisms and other material entities studied by biologists, the portions of rock studied by geologists, the fossils studied by paleontologists, and so on.Material entities are three-dimensional entities (entities extended in three spatial dimensions), as contrasted with the processes in which they participate, which are four-dimensional entities (entities extended also along the dimension of time).According to the FMA, material entities may have immaterial entities as parts – including the entities identified below as sites; for example the interior (or ‘lumen’) of your small intestine is a part of your body. BFO 2.0 embodies a decision to follow the FMA here. A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002]) Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002]) every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002]) (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] material entity cf-boundary ContinuantFiatBoundary b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001]) BFO 2 Reference: In BFO 1.1 the assumption was made that the external surface of a material entity such as a cell could be treated as if it were a boundary in the mathematical sense. The new document propounds the view that when we talk about external surfaces of material objects in this way then we are talking about something fiat. To be dealt with in a future version: fiat boundaries at different levels of granularity.More generally, the focus in discussion of boundaries in BFO 2.0 is now on fiat boundaries, which means: boundaries for which there is no assumption that they coincide with physical discontinuities. The ontology of boundaries becomes more closely allied with the ontology of regions. BFO 2 Reference: a continuant fiat boundary is a boundary of some material entity (for example: the plane separating the Northern and Southern hemispheres; the North Pole), or it is a boundary of some immaterial entity (for example of some portion of airspace). Three basic kinds of continuant fiat boundary can be distinguished (together with various combination kinds [29 Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions. Every continuant fiat boundary is located at some spatial region at every time at which it exists (iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] continuant fiat boundary immaterial ImmaterialEntity BFO 2 Reference: Immaterial entities are divided into two subgroups:boundaries and sites, which bound, or are demarcated in relation, to material entities, and which can thus change location, shape and size and as their material hosts move or change shape or size (for example: your nasal passage; the hold of a ship; the boundary of Wales (which moves with the rotation of the Earth) [38, 7, 10 immaterial entity 1d-cf-boundary OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary The Equator all geopolitical boundaries all lines of latitude and longitude the line separating the outer surface of the mucosa of the lower lip from the outer surface of the skin of the chin. the median sulcus of your tongue a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001]) (iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary process-profile ProcessProfile On a somewhat higher level of complexity are what we shall call rate process profiles, which are the targets of selective abstraction focused not on determinate quality magnitudes plotted over time, but rather on certain ratios between these magnitudes and elapsed times. A speed process profile, for example, is represented by a graph plotting against time the ratio of distance covered per unit of time. Since rates may change, and since such changes, too, may have rates of change, we have to deal here with a hierarchy of process profile universals at successive levels One important sub-family of rate process profiles is illustrated by the beat or frequency profiles of cyclical processes, illustrated by the 60 beats per minute beating process of John’s heart, or the 120 beats per minute drumming process involved in one of John’s performances in a rock band, and so on. Each such process includes what we shall call a beat process profile instance as part, a subtype of rate process profile in which the salient ratio is not distance covered but rather number of beat cycles per unit of time. Each beat process profile instance instantiates the determinable universal beat process profile. But it also instantiates multiple more specialized universals at lower levels of generality, selected from rate process profilebeat process profileregular beat process profile3 bpm beat process profile4 bpm beat process profileirregular beat process profileincreasing beat process profileand so on.In the case of a regular beat process profile, a rate can be assigned in the simplest possible fashion by dividing the number of cycles by the length of the temporal region occupied by the beating process profile as a whole. Irregular process profiles of this sort, for example as identified in the clinic, or in the readings on an aircraft instrument panel, are often of diagnostic significance. The simplest type of process profiles are what we shall call ‘quality process profiles’, which are the process profiles which serve as the foci of the sort of selective abstraction that is involved when measurements are made of changes in single qualities, as illustrated, for example, by process profiles of mass, temperature, aortic pressure, and so on. b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002]) b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005]) (forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] (iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] process profile r-quality RelationalQuality John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married. a marriage bond, an instance of requited love, an obligation between one person and another. b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001]) (iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] relational quality 2d-cf-boundary TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001]) (iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary 0d-cf-boundary ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary the geographic North Pole the point of origin of some spatial coordinate system. the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona. a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001]) (iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary 0d-t-region ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion a temporal region that is occupied by a process boundary right now the moment at which a child is born the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident the moment of death. temporal instant. A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001]) (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] zero-dimensional temporal region history History A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001]) history anatomical entity connected anatomical structure material anatomical entity immaterial anatomical entity biological entity biological_process Disease process is the progression disease in an individual over time. The process begins with the appropriate exposure to or accumulation of factors sufficient for the disease process to begin in a susceptible host. For an infectious disease, the exposure is a microorganism. For cancer, the exposure may be a factor that initiates the process, such as asbestos fibers or components in tobacco smoke (for lung cancer), or one that promotes the process, such as estrogen (for endometrial cancer). https://www.cdc.gov/ophss/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section9.html disorder disease process 病程 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H60-H95 H60-H95 Diseases of the ear and mastoid process diseases of the ear or mastoid process ear or mastoid disease process 耳或乳突疾病 atresia DP 闭锁 infectious diseases of external ear infectious DP of external ear 外耳感染性疾病 Eric Wan, Oliver He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H60-H95/H60-H62 H60-H95 Diseases of external ear external ear DP 外耳疾病病程 ossification DP 骨化 cellulitis cellulitis DP 蜂窝织炎病程 H60.900 EG4Z H60 otitis externa otitis externa DP 外耳炎 infectious 感染性 is a major abnormality in the shape of a body part or organ compared to the normal shape of that part. deformity DP 畸形 畸形 cholesteatoma DP 胆脂瘤 H61.102 pinna fistula pinna fistula DP 耳郭瘘 noninfectious inflammation of external ear DP 外耳非感染性炎症病程 pathological anatomical entity DP A disease process that has the outcome of the formation of a cyst cyst DP 囊肿 inflammatory anatomical entity that is located in ear otitis anatomical entity 耳炎体 fistula DP 瘘 granuloma granuloma DP 肉芽肿病程 noninflammatory disorders noninflammatory DP 非炎症性疾病病程 tumor DP 肿物 scar DP 瘢痕病程 noninflammatory disorders of the external ear noninflammatory DP of the external ear 非炎症性外耳疾患 A hernia occurs when an organ pushes through an opening in the muscle or tissue that holds it in place. For example, the intestines may break through a weakened area in the abdominal wall. Hernias are most common in the abdomen, but they can also appear in the upper thigh, belly button, and groin areas. Most hernias aren’t immediately life-threatening, but they don’t go away on their own. Sometimes they can require surgery to prevent potentially dangerous complications. https://www.healthline.com/health/hernia hernia DP 疝 obstructive 阻塞性 otitis DP 耳炎病程 stenosis DP 狭窄 pseudocyst DP 假性囊肿 infectious disease 感染 infectious DP 感染性疾病过程 immune system DP 免疫系统疾病过程 developed after birth : not congenital or hereditary https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/acquired 获得性 acquired 后天性 other 其他的 specified 特指的 unspecified 非特指的 diseases claasified elsewhere 可分类于他处的疾病 necrotic otitis externa LHPM 坏死性外耳炎 LHPM syndrome DP an immune system disease process that undergoes an inflammation process and has output of an inflammatory anatomical entity. https://www.webmd.com/arthritis/about-inflammation 炎 inflammation DP 炎症病程 Aspergillus 曲霉菌 Candida 念珠菌 chemical 化学性 necrosis DP 坏死 severe necrosis DP 严重坏死 diffuse 弥漫性 hemorrhagic 出血性 water 水 fungus 真菌 Perichondritis is inflammation of the perichondrium, a layer of connective tissue which surrounds cartilage Oliver He, Eric Wan https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perichondritis https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Index/P/Perichondritis perichondritis DP 软骨膜炎 chondrodermatitis chondrodermatitis DP 软骨皮炎 nodularis 结节性 noninfectious 非感染性 skin disease skin DP 皮肤疾病 疖 abscess DP 脓肿病程 seborrhoeic 脂溢性 noninflammatory 非炎症性 cauliflower like 菜花样的 environment entity 环境因素 keloid DP 瘢痕瘤病程 骨疣 exostosis DP 外生骨疣 disease of the circulatory system I00-I99 Diseases of the circulatory system disease (process) of the circulatory system https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertension I10-I15.9 Hypertensive diseases hypertensive disease process hematoma 血肿 角化病 角化症 keratosis DP 角化病程 is a closed sac, having a distinct membrane and division compared with the nearby tissue. Hence, it is a cluster of cells that has grouped together to form a sac (not unlike the manner in which water molecules group together, forming a bubble); however, the distinguishing aspect of a cyst is that the cells forming the "shell" of such a sac are distinctly abnormal (in both appearance and behaviour) when compared with all surrounding cells for that given location. It may contain air, fluids, or semi-solid material. A collection of pus is called an abscess, not a cyst. Once formed, sometimes a cyst may resolve on its own. When a cyst fails to resolve, it may need to be removed surgically, but that would depend upon its type and location. cyst 囊肿 actinic 光化性 impacted 栓塞性的 chemical entity 化学物质 bacterial infectious via bacterium 细菌性 parasitic 寄生性 viral 病毒性 I15.9 is a billable ICD code used to specify a diagnosis of secondary hypertension, unspecified. A 'billable code' is detailed enough to be used to specify a medical diagnosis. Virginia He, Oliver He https://icd.codes/icd10cm/I159#:~:text=a%20principal%20diagnosis.-,I15.,diagnosis%20of%20secondary%20hypertension%2C%20unspecified. I15.9 Non-Billable Secondary hypertension, unspecified unspecified secondary hypertension DP A hypertensive disease that shows up with persistently elevated high blood pressure in the arteries, and has no identifiable cause. It does not include those hypertensive diseases complicating pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium. Note that the essential hypertension affects 95% of hypertensive patients. Justin Song, Oliver He, Virginia He essential hypertension primary hypertension https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essential_hypertension https://www.healthline.com/health/essential-hypertension https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I10-I16/I10-/I10 https://www.unboundmedicine.com/icd/view/ICD-10-CM/895449/all/I10___Essential__primary__hypertension I10 Billable Essential (primary) hypertension essential primary hypertension DP eczematoid 湿疹样 is a pathological anatomical structures transformed from pathological continuant entities. On carcinomas and other pathological entities ,Comp Funct Genomics. 2005;6(7-8):379-87. doi: 10.1002/cfg.497.. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18629199 pathological anatomical entity erysipelas DP 丹毒病程 is the abnormal exit of tissue or an organ, such as the bowel, through the wall of the cavity in which it normally resides.[1] Hernias come in a number of different types.[6] Most commonly they involve the abdomen, specifically the groin.[6] Groin hernias are most common of the inguinal type but may also be femoral.[1] Other hernias include hiatus, incisional, and umbilical hernias.[6] Symptoms are present in about 66% of people with groin hernias.[1] This may include pain or discomfort especially with coughing, exercise, or going to the bathroom.[1] Often it gets worse throughout the day and improves when lying down.[1] A bulging area may occur that becomes larger when bearing down.[1] Groin hernias occur more often on the right than left side.[1] The main concern is strangulation, where the blood supply to part of the bowel is blocked.[1] This usually produces severe pain and tenderness of the area.[1] Hiatus or hiatal hernias often result in heartburn but may also cause chest pain or pain with eating.[ hernia 疝 is a form of cell injury which results in the premature death of cells in living tissue by autolysis. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necrosis necrotic 坏死性 pinna defect after burn PKPM 烧伤后耳廓缺损 PKPM is an irreversible condition that occurs when the external portion of the ear is hit and develops a blood clot or other collection of fluid under the perichondrium. This separates the cartilage from the overlying perichondrium that supplies its nutrients, causing it to die and resulting in the formation of fibrous tissue in the overlying skin. As a result, the outer ear becomes permanently swollen and deformed, resembling a cauliflower. cauliflower ear 菜花耳 abnormality in the shape of a body part or organ defect 畸形 缺损 deformity entity 畸形体 Obsolete class noninfectious inflammation DP 非感染性炎症病程 sunlight 日光 阳光 mycotic 真菌性 dermatitis dermatitis DP 皮炎病程 枪伤 acquired from gun shoot 枪伤后 defect 缺损 is a destructive and expanding growth consisting of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear and/or mastoid process. Cholesteatomas are not cancerous as the name may suggest, but can cause significant problems because of their erosive and expansile properties. This can result in the destruction of the bones of the middle ear (ossicles), as well as growth through the base of the skull into the brain. They often become infected and can result in chronically draining ears. Treatment almost always consists of surgical removal. cholesteatoma entity 胆脂瘤体 is an area of fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin after an injury. Scars result from the biological process of wound repair in the skin, as well as in other organs and tissues of the body. Thus, scarring is a natural part of the healing process. With the exception of very minor lesions, every wound (e.g., after accident, disease, or surgery) results in some degree of scarring. An exception to this are animals with complete regeneration, which regrow tissue without scar formation. 瘢痕 scar entity 瘢痕体 Keloid, also known as keloid disorder and keloidal scar,[1] is the formation of a type of scar which, depending on its maturity, is composed mainly of either type III (early) or type I (late) collagen. It is a result of an overgrowth of granulation tissue (collagen type 3) at the site of a healed skin injury which is then slowly replaced by collagen type 1. Keloids are firm, rubbery lesions or shiny, fibrous nodules, and can vary from pink to the color of the person's skin or red to dark brown in color. A keloid scar is benign and not contagious, but sometimes accompanied by severe itchiness, pain,[2] and changes in texture. In severe cases, it can affect movement of skin. Keloid scars are seen 15 times more frequently in people of sub-Saharan African descent than in people of European descent. keloid entity 瘢痕瘤体 is a structure formed during inflammation that is found in many diseases. It is a collection of immune cells known as macrophages.[1] Granulomas form when the immune system attempts to wall off substances it perceives as foreign but is unable to eliminate. Such substances include infectious organisms including bacteria and fungi, as well as other materials such as keratin and suture fragments. 肉芽肿 granuloma 肉芽肿体 TEST: cellulitis of external ear 外耳蜂窝织炎 TSEM http://www.icd9data.com/2015/Volume1/390-459/401-405/401/401.0.htm https://www.webmd.com/hypertension-high-blood-pressure/guide/what-is-malignant-hypertension#1 401.0 This term exists in ICD-9 but not ICD-10 malignant essential hypertension DP is an abnormal connection between two hollow spaces (technically, two epithelialized surfaces), such as blood vessels, intestines, or other hollow organs. Fistulas are usually caused by injury or surgery, but they can also result from an infection or inflammation.[3] Fistulas are generally a disease condition, but they may be surgically created for therapeutic reasons. fistula 瘘 Pseudocysts are like cysts, but lack epithelial or endothelial cells. Initial management consists of general supportive care. Symptoms and complications caused by pseudocysts require surgery. Computed tomography (CT) scans are used for initial imaging of cysts, and endoscopic ultrasounds are used in differentiating between cysts and pseudocysts. Endoscopic drainage is a popular and effective method of treating pseudocysts. This is not to be confused with the so-called "pseudocystic appearance", mainly radiographically, of other lesions, such as Stafne static bone cyst and aneurysmal bone cyst[1] of the jaws. pseudocyst 假性囊肿 is a type of abnormal and excessive growth, called neoplasia, of tissue. The growth of a neoplasm is uncoordinated with that of the normal surrounding tissue, and it persists growing abnormally, even if the original trigger is removed.[1][2][3] This abnormal growth usually (but not always) forms a mass.[4] When it forms a mass, it may be called a tumor. neoplasm tumor 肿物 inflammatory 炎症性 is a growth of keratin on the skin or on mucous membranes stemming from keratinocytes, the prominent cell type in the epidermis. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keratosis 角质化体 keratosis entity 角化体 is a condition in which an orifice or passage in the body is (usually abnormally) closed or absent. Examples of atresia include: Biliary atresia, a condition in newborns in which the common bile duct between the liver and the small intestine is blocked or absent. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atresia 闭锁 atresia entity 闭锁体 An exostosis, also known as bone spur, is the formation of new bone on the surface of a bone.[1] Exostoses can cause chronic pain ranging from mild to debilitatingly severe, depending on the shape, size, and location of the lesion. It is most commonly found in places like the ribs, where small bone growths form, but sometimes larger growths can grow on places like the ankles, knees, shoulders, elbows and hips. Very rarely are they on the skull. 骨疣 exostosis 外生骨疣 401.1 This term exists in ICD-9 but not ICD-10 benign essential hypertension DP inflammatory anatomical entity that is located in a cellulite cellulitis anatomical entity 蜂窝织炎体 abnormal narrowed structure or organ 狭窄 stenosis 狭窄体 is an acute infection typically with a skin rash, usually on any of the legs and toes, face, arms, and fingers.[1] It is an infection of the upper dermis and superficial lymphatics, usually caused by beta-hemolytic group A Streptococcus bacteria on scratches or otherwise infected areas.[2] Erysipelas is more superficial than cellulitis, and is typically more raised and demarcated.[1] The term is from Greek ἐρυσίπελας, meaning "red skin". erysipelas 丹毒 H60.000 AA00 H60.0 abscess of external ear 疖 痈 abscess of external ear DP 外耳脓肿病程 bony substance ossification entity 骨化体 a physical pathological anatomic entity that is a result of an inflammation process Eric Wan, Oliver He 感染 炎 炎症 炎症体 inflammatory anatomical entity 发炎体 is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body.[1] Signs and symptoms of abscesses include redness, pain, warmth, and swelling.[1] The swelling may feel fluid-filled when pressed.[1] The area of redness often extends beyond the swelling.[6] Carbuncles and boils are types of abscess that often involve hair follicles, with carbuncles being larger. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abscess abscess 脓肿 is a cluster of boils caused by bacterial infection, most commonly with Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes.[1] The presence of a carbuncle is a sign that the immune system is active and fighting the infection.[2] The infection is contagious and may spread to other areas of the body, or other people; those living in the same residence may develop carbuncles at the same time.[3] In the early 21st century, infection involving methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become more common. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbuncle carbuncle 痈 is a deep folliculitis, infection of the hair follicle. It is most commonly caused by infection by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, resulting in a painful swollen area on the skin caused by an accumulation of pus and dead tissue.[1] Boils which are expanded are basically pus-filled nodules.[2][verification needed] Individual boils clustered together are called carbuncles.[3] Most human infections are caused by coagulase-positive S. aureus strains, notable for the bacteria's ability to produce coagulase, an enzyme that can clot blood. Almost any organ system can be infected by S. aureus. boil furuncle 疖 mycosis mycosis DP 真菌病 a necrotic object necrosis entity 坏死体 external acoustic meatus atresia after burn JYPM 烧伤后外耳道闭锁 JYPM TEST: cholesteatoma of external auditory canal 外耳道胆脂瘤 inflammatory anatomical entity that is located in the skin of a cartilage tissue chondrodermatitis anatomical entity 软骨皮炎体 inflammatiory anatomical entity in the membrane of cartilage tissue perichondritis anatomical entity 软骨膜炎体 acquired from injury 因外伤导致的 after burn 烧伤后 acquired from burn 烧伤所致 砍伤后 acquired from knife 刀伤后 infectious disorder in pinna PKDM 耳廓感染 PKDM dermis and subcutaneous tissues 皮及皮下组织 external ear furuncle PKPM 外耳道疖 PKPM inflammatory anatomical entity that is located in skin dermatitis anatomical entity 皮炎体 granuloma in pinna PKPM 耳廓肉芽肿 PKPM H60.002 external ear carbuncle external ear carbuncle DP 外耳痈病程 H60.001 external ear furuncle external ear furuncle DP 外耳疖病程 infectious via virus malignant disease profile belign disease profile A hypertensive disease that is caused by an identifiable underlying primary cause inessential hypertension https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_hypertension https://www.unboundmedicine.com/icd/view/ICD-10-CM/864037/all/I15___Secondary_hypertension I15 Non-Billable Secondary hypertension secondary hypertension DP J00-J99 Diseases of the respiratory system disease (process) in the respiratory system J09-J18 Influenza and pneumonia pneumonia due to pathogen Inflammation of the lung that is caused by viral infection; causes air sacs in lungs to fill up with fluid. Virginia He https://www.healthline.com/health/pneumonia J12.9 Billable Viral pneumonia, unspecified viral pneumonia influenza pneumonia an infection of your lungs caused by certain bacteria. Virginia He https://www.webmd.com/lung/bacterial-pneumonia#:~:text=Bacterial%20pneumonia%20is%20an%20infection,throat%20without%20causing%20any%20trouble. J15 Non-billable Bacterial pneumonia, not elsewhere classified bacterial pneumonia an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354204 J13 Billable Pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae U07.1 Billable COVID-19, virus identified COVID-19 pneumonia a mild to severe respiratory illness that is caused by a coronavirus Oliver He, Virginia He https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/COVID-19 https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/COVID-19-coding-icd10.pdf?ua=1 U07.2 COVID-19, virus not identified COVID-19, virus not identified clinically-epidemiologically diagnosied COVID-19 high blood pressure after a surgical procedure Virginia He, Oliver He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertension https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I95-I99/I97-/I97.3 I97.3 Billable postprocedural hypertension postprocedural hypertension DP developed after birth : not congenital or hereditary disease primary A disease profile that does not have a known secondary cause Virginia He, Oliver He essential disease profile primary disease profile A disease profile that is caused by another medical condition Virginia He, Oliver He secondary disease profile disease process profile disease profile Oliver He, Eric Wang, Virginia He acute disease profile Oliver He, Eric Wang, Virginia He chronic disease profile a common sickness combined with a lung infection caused by an unspecified pathogen. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J11-/J11.0 J11.0 Non-billable Influenza due to unidentified influenza virus with pneumonia influenza due to unidentified influenza virus with pneumonia pneumonia attacks the respiratory system caused by SARS-CoV-2 Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/pneumonia J12.81 Billable Pneumonia due to SARS-associated coronavirus pneumonia due to SARS-associated coronavirus Heart conditions caused by high blood pressure Virginia He https://www.healthline.com/health/hypertensive-heart-disease#:~:text=Hypertensive%20heart%20disease%20refers%20to,artery%20disease%2C%20and%20other%20conditions https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I10-I16/I11-/I11.9 I11.9 Billable Hypertensive heart disease without heart failure hypertensive heart disease process without heart failure pneumonia attacks the respiratory system. Contagious and hard to treat. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/pneumonia J12.8 Non-billable other viral pneumonia other viral pneumonia J09-J18 Influenza and pneumonia influenza due to pathogen Also called coronary artery disease, describes heart problems caused by narrowed arteries that supply blood to the heart. https://www.google.com/search?q=ischemic+heart+diseases&oq=Ischemic+heart+diseases&aqs=chrome.0.0j69i59l2j0l4j69i61.516j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 I20-I25 Ischemic heart diseases ischemic heart DP a highly contagious viral infection of the respiratory passages causing fever and severe aching, often occuring in epidemics. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes?J00-J99/J09-J18/J10-/J10.0 J10.0 Non-billable Influenza due to other identified influenza virus with pneumonia influenza due other identified influenza virus with pneumonia acute or chronic inflammation of the renal tubules and interstitium. Acute interstitial nephritis is commonly caused by allergic reactions to drugs, but infection or systemic disease may also precipitate the disease. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.amboss.com/us/knowledge/Tubulointerstitial_diseases#:~:text=Tubulointerstitial%20diseases%20are%20characterized%20by,may%20also%20precipitate%20the%20disease. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N10-N16 N10-N16 Renal tubulo-interstitial diseases renal tubulo-interstitial disease processes A common viral infection that can be deadly, especially in high-risk groups. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J11-/J11.1 J11.1 Billable Influenza due to unidentified influenza virus with other respiratory manisfestations Influenza due to unidentified influenza virus with other manisfestations heart problems caused by narrowed heart arteries. When arteries are narrowed, less blood and oxygen reaches the heart muscle. This is also called coronary artery disease and coronary heart disease. This can ultimately lead to heart attack. Virginia He https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK209964/ I25 Non-billable Chronic ischemic heart disease chronic ischemic heart DP heart problems caused by narrowed heart arteries. When arteries are narrowed, less blood and oxygen reaches the heart muscle. This is also called coronary artery disease and coronary heart disease. This can ultimately lead to heart attack. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK209964/ I25.1 Non-billable Atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery atherosclerotic heart DP of native coronary artery Oliver He, Eric Wang, Virginia He ischemic disease profile A highly contagious, common viral infection of the respiratory passages causing fever and severe aching Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J11-/J11.8 J11.8 Non-billable Influenza due to unidentified influenza virus with other respiratory manisfestations Influenza due to unidentified influenza virus with other respiratory manisfestations lung inflammation caused by bacterial infection, in which air sacs fill with pus Virginia He https://www.healthline.com/health/pneumonia J15.2 Non-billable Pneumonia due to staphylococcus pneumonia due to staphylococcus Oliver He, Eric Wang, Virginia He atherosclerotic disease profile An inflammatory attack of the pharynx and nassal cavities. Minor and is a common contagious throat disease. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J00-J06/J00-/J00 J00 Billable Acute nasopharyngitis [common cold] acute nasopharyngitis (common cold) Inflammation of the pharynx, which is in the back of the throat. Commonly referred to as "sore throat" Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J00-J06/J02-/J02.9 J02.9 Billable Acute pharyngitis, unspecified acute pharyngitis, unspecified upper respiratory system is infected and parts will become inflamed or damaged. Virginia He https://www.healthline.com/health/acute-upper-respiratory-infection#What-is-acute-upper-respiratory-infection? J06.9 Billable Acute upper respiratory infection, unspecified acute upper respiratory infection, unspecified pneumonia caused by bacteria Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/pneumonia J15.6 Billable Pneumonia due to other aerobic Gram-negative bacteria pneumonia due to other aerobic gram-negative bacteria pneumonia caused by bacteria Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/pneumonia J15.8 Billable Pneumonia due to other specified bacteria pneumonia due to other specified bacteria inflammation of the lung that is caused by bacterial infections Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/pneumonia J15.9 Billable unspecified bacterial pneumonia unspecified bacterial pneumonia bacterial pneumonia caused by other viral diseases Virginia He https://www.healthline.com/health/pneumonia J17.1 pneumonia in viral diseases classified elsewhere pneumonia in viral diseases classified elsewhere pneumonia caused by other diseases Virginia He https://www.healthline.com/health/pneumonia J17.8 pneumonia in other diseases classified elsewhere pneumonia in other diseases classified elsewhere Thickening and loss of elasticity of the coronary arteries, leading to progressive arterial insufficiency (coronary disease). Virginia He https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/heart-vascular/conditions-treatments/atherosclerosis I25.10 Non-billable Atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery Atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery without angina pectoris a lung infection that inflames and infects the aveoli Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/bronchopneumonia#:~:text=Bronchopneumonia%20is%20a%20type%20of,can%20be%20mild%20or%20severe J18.0 Billable bronchopneumonia, unspecified organism bronchopneumonia Documented history of previous myocardial infarction, a sudden and sometimes fatal occurrence of coronary thrombosis, typically resulting in the death of part of a heart muscle. Also known as heart attack. https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-attack/about-heart-attacks Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I20-I25/I25-/I25.2 I25.2 Billable Old myocardial infarction old myocardial infarction DP a form of pneumonia characterized by inflammatory exudate within the intra-alveolar space Virginia He, Justin Song en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobar_pneumonia https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J18-/J18.1 J18.1 Billable Lobar pneumonia, unspecified organism lobar pneumonia A lung infection caused by an unspecified pathogen Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/pneumonia J18.8 Billable Other pneumonia, unspecified organism other pneumonia An infection of one or both lungs Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/pneumonia J18.9 Billable pneumonia, unspecified organism pneumonia, unspecified organism lower respiratoy tract infection that causes reversible bronchia inflammation Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J20-J22/J20-/J20.9 J20.9 Billable Acute bronchitis, unspecified acute bronchitis contagious infection of upper respiratory tract https://www.healthline.com/health/acute-upper-respiratory-infection J00-J06 Acute upper respiratory infections acute upper respiratory infections contagious infection of lower respiratory tract J20-J22 Other acute lower respiratory infections other acute lower respiratory infections acute infection that affects the lower respiratory tract. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J20-J22/J22-/J22 J22 Billable unspecified acute lower respiratory infection unspecified acute lower respiratory tract infection chronic infection of lower respiratory tract J40-J47 chronic lower respiratory diseases chronic lower respiratory diseases a chronic pulmonary disease that obstructs bloodlflow Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J43-/J43.2 J43.2 Billable centrilobular emphysema centrilobular emphysema a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J44-/J44 J44 Non-billable Other chronic obstructive pulmonsry disease other chronic obstructive pulmonary disease a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J44-/J44.0 J44.0 Billable Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with (acute) lower respiratory infection chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute lower respiratory infection a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes airway inflammation and reduced air flow from exacerbations Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J44-/J44.1 J44.1 Billable Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with (acute) lower respiratory infection chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbation a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs Virginia He https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000091.htm J44.8 other specified chronic obstructive pulmonary disease other specified chronic obstructive pulmonary disease a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes permanent damage to the lungs, making it hard to breathe Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J44-/J44.9 J44.9 Billable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, unspecified chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, unspecified Oliver He, Eric Wang, Virginia He myocardial disease profile a chronic disease in which the bronchial airways in the lungs become narrowed and swollen, making it difficult to breathe Virginia He https://www.healthline.com/health/asthma J45.9 Non-billable other and unspecified asthma asthma Bronchial airways in the lungs become narrowed and swollen, making it hard to breathe Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/asthma J45.909 Billable unspecified asthma, uncomplicated uncomplicated asthma a condition where the bronchial tubes of the lungs are permanently damaged, widened, and thickened Virginia He https://www.healthline.com/health/bronchiectasis J47 Non-billable Bronchiectasis bronchiectasis conditions of the lng caused by outside agents Virginia He J60-J70 Lung diseases due to external agents lung disease processes due to external agents Virginia He https://www.healthline.com/health/pneumonitis J69.0 Billable Inflammation of the lung tissue; noninfectious causes of lung inflammation Pneumonitis due to inhalation of food and vomit pneumonitis due to inhalation of food and vomit respiratory diseases affecting the interstitum, a fluid-filled space between a structural barrier (ie cell wall, skin) and internal structures (ie organs, muscles). Virginia He J80-J84 Other respiratory diseases principally affecting the interstitum other respiratory diseases affecting the interstitum fluids fill up the lung's air sacs, causing the lung to not function properly Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/acute-respiratory-distress-syndrome J80 Billable Acute respiratory distress syndrome acute respiratory distress syndrome extravascular accumulation of fluid in the pulmonary tissue and air sacs Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J80-J84/J81-/J81 J81 Non-billable Pulmonary edema pulmonary edema extravascular accumulation of fluid in the pulmonary tissue and air sacs Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J80-J84/J84-/J84.1 J84.1 Non-billable Other interstitial pulmonary diseases with fibrosis other interstitial pulmonary diseases with fibrosis diseases that inflame or scar the lungs Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J80-J84/J84-/J84.9 J84.9 Billable Interstitial pulmonary disease, unspecified interstitial pulmonary disease, unspecified diseases affecting the pleura, a membrane that lines the thorax Virginia He https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pleura J90-J94 Other diseases of the pleura other diseases of the pleura increased amounts of fluid in pleural cavity Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/pleural-effusion J90 Billable Pleural effusion, not elsewhere classified pleural effusion, not elsewhere classified increased amounts of fluid between the thin layers of tissue lining the lung and wall of the chest cavity Virginia He https://www.healthline.com/health/pleural-effusion J91 Non-billable Pleural effusion, not elsewhere classified pleural effusion in conditions classified elsewhere https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/tx4090abc the heart's ability to pump blood is decreased because the left ventricle is weak. This is caused by a lack of blood supply to the heart muscle caused by coronary artery disease and heart attacks. Virginia He I25.5 Billable Ischemic cardiomyopathy ischemic cardiomyopathy DP diseases affecting the respiratory system Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J96-J99 J96-J99 Other diseases of the respiratory system other diseases of the respiratory system occurs when fluid builds up in air sacs of lungs Virginia He, Oliver He https://www.healthline.com/health/acute-respiratory-failure J96.0 Non-billable acute respiratory failure acute respiratory failure acute respiratory failure, unsure if it is hypoxemic (not enough oxygen, normal CO2 levels) or hypercapnic (too much CO2, oxygen normal or too low) Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/acute-respiratory-failure J96.00 Billable acute respiratory failure, unspecified whether with hypoxia or hypercapnia acute respiratory failure, unspecified whether with hypoxia or hypercapnia acute respiratory failure where a portion of the body is hypoxemic (not enough oxygen, normal CO2 levels) Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/acute-respiratory-failure J96.01 Billable acute respiratory failure with hypoxia acute respiratory failure with hypoxia respiratory system is unable to function properly; is long-term (chronic) Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/chronic-respiratory-failure J96.1 Non-billable chronic respiratory failure chronic respiratory failure respiratory system is unable to function properly; is long-term (chronic) or short-term (acute) Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/chronic-respiratory-failure J96.2 Non-billable acute and chronic respiratory failure acute and chronic respiratory failure respiratory system is unable to function properly; is long-term (chronic) or short-term (acute); can be with hypoxia (too little oxygen) or hypercapnia (too much CO2, normal/low oxygen) Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/chronic-respiratory-failure J96.20 Billable acute and chronic respiratory failure, unspecified whether with hypoxia or hypercapnia acute and chronic respiratory failure, unspecified whether with hypoxia or hypercapnia respiratory system has been attacked, used to specify symptoms Virginia He, Justin Song https://icd.codes/icd10cm/J9600#:~:text=J96.,whether%20with%20hypoxia%20or%20hypercapnia J96.9 Non-billable Respiratory failure, unspecified respiratory failure, unspecified respiratory system has been damaged, unspecified whether there is too much CO2 (hypercapnia) or too little oxygen (hypoxmia) in the body Virginia He, Justin Song https://medlineplus.gov/respiratoryfailure.html J96.90 Billable Respiratory failure, unspecified whether with hypoxia or hypercapnia respiratory failure, unspecified whether with hypoxmia or hypercapnia when the alveoli (helps exchange oxygen in air for CO2), don't fill with air Virginia He https://www.healthline.com/health/atelectasis J98.11 Billable Atelectasis atelectasis disorders affecting the lungs, ie asthma, COPD, influenza, etc. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J96-J99/J98-/J98.4 J98.4 Billable Other disorders of the lung other disorders of the lung conditions affecting the respiratory system Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J96-J99/J98-/J98.8 J98.8 Billable Other specified respiratory disorders other sepcified respiratory disorders https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/arteriosclerosis-atherosclerosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20350569 when the blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients from your heart to the rest of your body (arteries) become thick and stiff — sometimes restricting blood flow to your organs and tissues. Virginia He I25.8 Billable Ischemic cardiomyopathy coronary atherosclerosis DP due to lipid rich plaque Ischemic heart disease is the term given to heart problems caused by narrowed heart (coronary) arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle. It's most often it is caused by buildup of plaque, called atherosclerosis. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/coronary-artery-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20350613 Virginia He I25.9 Billable Chronic ischemic heart disease, unspecified chronic ischemic heart DP, unspecified the enlargement and failure of the right ventricle of the heart as a response to increased vascular resistance or high blood pressure in the lungs. Virginia He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_heart_disease#:~:text=Pulmonary%20heart%20disease%2C%20also%20known,blood%20pressure%20in%20the%20lungs. I26-I28 Section Pulmonary heart disease and diseases of pulmonary circulation pulmonary heart DP and disease processes of pulmonary circulation A blockage of an artery in the lungs by a foreign substance https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_embolism Virginia He, Justin Song I26.9 Non-billable pulmonary embolism without acute cor pulmonale pulmonary embolism DP without acute cor pulmonale A disorder characterized by cessation of the pumping function of the heart. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I30-I52/I46- I46 Non-billable Cardiac arrest cardiac arrest DP A disorder characterized by cessation of the pumping function of the heart. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I30-I52/I46-/I46.9 I46.9 Billable Cardiac arrest, cause unspecified cardiac arrest, cause unspecified abnormally fast heartbeat. It's a broad term that includes many forms of heart rhythm problems Virginia He https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia/symptoms-causes/syc-20355243#:~:text=Supraventricular%20tachycardia%20(SVT)%2C%20also,the%20atria%20or%20AV%20node. I47.1 Billable Supraventricular tachycardia supraventricular tachycardia In atrial fibrillation, the atria beat irregularly. In atrial flutter, the atria beat regularly, but faster than usual and more often than the ventricles Virginia He https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-matters-magazine/medical/ask-the-experts/atrial-flutter#:~:text=Normally%2C%20the%20top%20chambers%20(atria,to%20every%20one%20ventricular%20beat. I48 Non-billable Atrial fibrillation and flutter atrial fibrillation and flutter DP Oliver He, Eric Wang, Virginia He atrial disease profile Oliver He, Eric Wang, Virginia He supraventricular disease profile a rapid, erratic heart rate begins suddenly and then stops on its own within 7 days Virginia He https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/316281 I48.0 Billable paroxysmal atrial fibrillation paroxysmal atrial fibrillation DP refers to AF that occurs for longer than 7 days and ends spontaneously or with treatment Virginia He, Justin Song http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/diseasemanagement/cardiology/atrial-fibrillation/#:~:text=1,or%20that%20is%20not%20treated. I48.1 Non-billable Persistent atrial fibrillation persistent atrial fibrillation DP a type of heart arrhythmia that causes the top chambers of your heart, the atria, to quiver and beat irregularly. Lasts over a week. Virginia He https://www.healthline.com/health/atrial-fibrillation/chronic#:~:text=Overview,lasting%20longer%20than%20one%20week. I48.2 Non-billable chronic atrial fibrillation chronic atrial fibrillation DP A problem with the rate or rhythm of your heartbeat. It means that your heart beats too quickly, too slowly, or with an irregular pattern Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I30-I52/I49-/I49.9 I49.9 Billable Cardiac arrhythmia, unspecified cardiac arrhythmia DP, unspecified very fast electrical discharge patterns that make the atria contract very rapidly, causing them to contract faster and less efficiently than normal. Virginia He https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/heart-and-blood-vessel-disorders/abnormal-heart-rhythms/atrial-fibrillation-and-atrial-flutter#:~:text=Atrial%20fibrillation%20and%20atrial%20flutter%20are%20very%20fast%20electrical%20discharge,and%20less%20efficiently%20than%20normal. I48.9 Non-billable Unspecified atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter unspecified atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter DP a common electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormality seen in patients whose normal cardiac conduction down both anterior and posterior left fascicles of the His-Purkinje system is compromised. Virginia He https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482167/#:~:text=D%2C%20Hicks%20GJ.-,Introduction,His%2DPurkinje%20system%20is%20compromised. I44.7 Billable Left bundle-branch block left bundle-branch block DP, unspecified Electrical impulses that cause your heart to beat originate in the upper right chamber of the heart and travel to the lower chambers. In bundle branch block, the pathway that these impulses travel on is delayed or blocked. Virginia He https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bundle-branch-block/symptoms-causes/syc-20370514#:~:text=Bundle%20branch%20block-,Bundle%20branch%20block,on%20is%20delayed%20or%20blocked. I44 Non-billable Atrioventricular and left bundle-branch block atrioventricular and left bundle-branch block DP A disorder characterized by the inability of the heart to pump blood at an adequate volume to meet tissue metabolic requirements, or, the ability to do so only at an elevation in the filling pressure. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I30-I52/I50- I50 Non-billable heart failure heart failure DP Oliver He, Eric Wang, Virginia He atrioventricular disease profile A disorder characterized by the inability of the heart to pump blood at an adequate volume to meet tissue metabolic requirements, or, the ability to do so only at an elevation in the filling pressure. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I30-I52/I50- I50.9 Billable heart failure, unspecified heart failure, unspecified An episode of acute neurological dysfunction presumed to be caused by ischemia or hemorrhage, persisting ≥24 hours or until death Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/str.0b013e318296aeca#:~:text=Definition%20of%20stroke%2C%20not%20otherwise,Page%204 I64 Stroke, not specified as haemorrhage or infarction stroke DP, not specified as haemorrhage or infarction residual effects or conditions produced after the acute phase of a stroke Virginia He, Justin Song http://bok.ahima.org/doc?oid=301069#.XxsDs5NKg6U I69.4 Sequelae of stroke, not specified as haemorrhage or infarction sequelae DP of stroke, not specified as haemorrhage or infarction When plaque (fatty deposits) clogs your arteries Virginia He https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cholesterol/about-cholesterol/atherosclerosis#:~:text=Atherosclerosis%20and%20cholesterol,of%20the%20blood%20vessel%20thickens. I70.2 Non-billable Atherosclerosis of native arteries of extremities with gangrene atherosclerosis DP of native arteries of extremities with gangrene A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries that occurs with formation of atherosclerotic plaques within the arterial intima. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I70-I79/I70- I70 Non-billable Atherosclerosis atherosclerosis DP Diseases of the lymphatic system, a network of tissues and organs. Virginia He https://medlineplus.gov/lymphaticdiseases.html I80-I89 Diseases of veins, lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes, not elsewhere classified disease processes of veins, lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes a condition that occurs when the venous wall and/or valves in the leg veins are not working effectively, making it difficult for blood to return to the heart from the legs. Virginia He https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16872-chronic-venous-insufficiency-cvi#:~:text=Chronic%20venous%20insufficiency%20(CVI)%20is,this%20pooling%20is%20called%20stasis. I87.2 Billable Venous insufficiency (chronic) (peripheral) venous insufficiency DP A disorder characterized by a blood pressure that is below the normal expected for an individual in a given environment. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I95-I99/I95- I95 Non-billable Hypotension hypotension DP A significant drop in blood pressure after assuming a standing position Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I95-I99/I95-/I95.1 I95.1 Billable Orthostatic hypotension orthostatic hypotension DP A decrease in systemic blood pressure below accepted low values (pressures less than 90/60 are recognized as hypotensive) Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499961/#:~:text=Hypotension%20is%20a%20decrease%20in,because%20it%20is%20typically%20asymptomatic. I95.8 Non-billable Other hypotension other hypotension DP A decrease in systemic blood pressure below accepted low values (pressures less than 90/60 are recognized as hypotensive) Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499961/#:~:text=Hypotension%20is%20a%20decrease%20in,because%20it%20is%20typically%20asymptomatic. I95.9 Billable Hypotension, unspecified hypotension DP, unspecified any cardiac complications occurring in the postanesthetic care unit (PACU) Virginia He https://accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=974&sectionid=61589392 I97.89 Billable Non-billable Other postprocedural complications and disorders of the circulatory system, not elsewhere classified Other postprocedural complications and disorders of the circulatory system Virginia He enzymes that confer resistance to most beta-lactam antibiotics, including penicillins, cephalosporins, and the monobactam aztreonam https://www.uptodate.com/contents/extended-spectrum-beta-lactamases#:~:text=Extended%2Dspectrum%20beta%2Dlactamases%20(,cephalosporins%2C%20and%20the%20monobactam%20aztreonam.&text=The%20first%20plasmid%2Dmediated%20beta,in%20Greece%20in%20the%201960s. U82.2 Extended spectrum betalactamase (ESBL) resistance antibiotic resistance bacterial disease (process) a type of common virus that infects humans, typically leading to an upper respiratory infection Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=22789 B34.2 Billable Coronavirus infection, unspecified coronavirus infection DP, unspecified Genitourinary disease involves disorders of the genital and urinary organs. These organs are involved in reproduction and urination disease of the genitourinary system https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/genitourinary-disease#:~:text=Genitourinary%20disease%20involves%20disorders%20of,and%20the%20uterus%20in%20females. N00-N99 Diseases of the genitourinary system disease (process) of the genitourinary system Erysipelas is a relatively common bacterial infection of the superficial layer of the skin (upper dermis), extending to the superficial lymphatic vessels within the skin, characterized by a raised, well-defined, tender, bright red rash, typically on the face or legs, but which can occur anywhere on the skin. It is a form of cellulitis and is potentially serious. Erysipelas is usually caused by the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes. Grace Whah, Oliver He St. Anthony's fire A46 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erysipelas https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/A30-A49/A46-/A46 Erysipelas a bacterial infection causing inflammation of the kidneys and is one of the most common diseases of the kidney. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N10-N16/N10-/N10 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519537/#:~:text=Acute%20pyelonephritis%20is%20a%20bacterial,kidneys%20and%20their%20collecting%20systems. N10 Billable Acute pyelonephritis acute pyelonephritis DP A disorder characterized by the acute loss of renal function Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N17-N19/N17-/N17 N17 Non-Billable Acute kidney failure acute kidney failure DP A disorder characterized by the acute loss of renal function Virginia He https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/Pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=aa106178&lang=en-ca#:~:text=Kidney%20problems%20can%20develop%20suddenly,reversible%20than%20chronic%20kidney%20failure. N17-N19.9 Acute kidney failure and chronic kidney disease acute kidney failure or chronic kidney DP Acute kidney failure resulting from destruction of epithelial cells of the kidney tubules. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N17-N19/N17-/N17.0 N17.0 Billable Acute kidney failure with tubular necrosis acute kidney failure with tubular necrosis DP kidney is no longer able to filter blood. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N17-N19/N17-/N17.8 https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-failure/symptoms-causes/syc-20369048 N17.8 Billable other acute kidney failure https://icdlist.com/icd-10/N17.8 N17.8 is a billable code used to specify a medical diagnosis of other acute kidney failure. The code is valid for the year 2020 for the submission of HIPAA-covered transactions. The ICD-10-CM code N17.8 might also be used to specify conditions or terms like acute renal failure due to ischemia or ischemic nephropathy or post-renal renal failure. other acute kidney failure DP kidney(s)'s functions are compromised. This will be a short term problem Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-failure/symptoms-causes/syc-20369048 N17.9 Billable other acute kidney failure acute kidney failure DP, unspecified A disorder characterized by gradual and usually permanent loss of kidney function resulting in renal failure. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N17-N19/N18- N18 Non-Billable Chronic kidney disease chronic kidney disease DP A disease that causes moderate kidney damage. A person is more likely to develop complications of kidney disease such as high blood pressure, anemia, and/or early bone disease. Virginia He https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/anemia N18.3 Billable Chronic kidney disease, stage 3 (moderate) chronic kidney DP, stage 3 kidneys are moderately or severely damaged and are not working as they should. Stage 4 kidney disease should be taken very seriously – it is the last stage before kidney failure. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.kidneyfund.org/kidney-disease/chronic-kidney-disease-ckd/stages-of-chronic-kidney-disease/#:~:text=Stage%204%20CKD%20means%20you,last%20stage%20before%20kidney%20failure. N18.4 Billable Chronic kidney disease, stage 4 (severe) chronic kidney DP, stage 4 Chronic, irreversible renal failure. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N17-N19/N18-/N18.5 N18.5 Billable Chronic kidney disease, stage 5 chronic kidney DP, stage 5 Chronic, irreversible renal failure. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N17-N19/N18-/N18.6 N18.6 Billable End stage renal disease end stage renal DP A disorder characterized by gradual and usually permanent loss of kidney function resulting in renal failure. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N17-N19/N18-/N18.9 N18.9 Billable Chronic kidney disease, unspecified chronic kidney DP unspecified A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually the result of renal insufficiency. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N17-N19/N19-/N19 N19 Billable Unspecified kidney failure unspecified kidney failure DP the unirary tract is infected and cannot function properly Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/urinary-tract-infection/symptoms-causes/syc-20353447 N39.0 Billable urinary tract infection, site not specified urinary tract infection DP A benign (noncancerous) condition in which an overgrowth of prostate tissue pushes against the urethra and the bladder, blocking the flow of urine. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N40-N53/N40-/N40 N40 Non-billable Benign prostatic hyperplasia benign prostatic hyperplasia DP when your prostate gland becomes suddenly inflamed Virginia He https://www.healthline.com/health/prostatitis-bacterial-acute#:~:text=Acute%20prostatitis%20happens%20when%20your,this%20fluid%20into%20your%20urethra. N41.0 Billable Acute prostatitis acute prostatitis DP Diseases that affect the male reproductive and genital organs https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N40-N53 N40-N53 Diseases of male genital organs DP of male genital organs Anemia caused by low iron intake, inefficient iron absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, or chronic blood loss. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D50-D53/D50- D50 Non-billable Iron deficiency anemia iron deficiency anemia DP caused by a shortage of iron in your body. Virginia He https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/anemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20351360#:~:text=Iron%20deficiency%20anemia.,hemoglobin%20for%20red%20blood%20cells. D50.8 Billable Other iron deficiency anemias other iron deficiency anemia DP Iron deficiency anemia is a common type of anemia — a condition in which blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/iron-deficiency-anemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20355034#:~:text=Iron%20deficiency%20anemia%20is%20a,is%20due%20to%20insufficient%20iron. D50.9 Billable Iron deficiency anemia, unspecified iron deficiency anemia, unspecified It occurs when you inherit copies of the hemoglobin S gene from both parents Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/sickle-cell-anemia#complications D57.0 Non-billable Hb-SS disease with crisis Hb-SS DP with crisis a condition in which a person quickly loses a large volume of circulating hemoglobin. Virginia He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_hematologic_conditions#:~:text=Acute%20posthemorrhagic%20anemia%20(also%20known,a%20large%20loss%20of%20blood. D62 Billable Acute posthemorrhagic anemia acute posthemorrhagic anemia DP failure of the bone marrow to produce blood Virginia He https://dceg.cancer.gov/research/what-we-study/bone-marrow-failure-syndromes#:~:text=The%20inherited%20bone%20marrow%20failure,history%20of%20the%20same%20disorder. D60-D64 Aplastic and other anemias and other bone marrow failure syndromes other anemias and bone marrow failure syndromes a condition marked by a deficiency of red blood cells or of hemoglobin in the blood Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D60-D64/D63-/D63.8#:~:text=Anemia%20in%20other%20chronic%20diseases%20classified%20elsewhere,-2016%202017%202018&text=Code%20Manifestation%20Code-,D63.,ICD%2D10%2DCM%20D63.&text=This%20is%20the%20American%20ICD%2D10%2DCM%20version%20of%20D63. D63.8 Billable Anemia in other chronic diseases classified elsewhere anemia DP in other chronic diseases classified elsewhere decrease in the amount of red blood cells in the patient's blood stream Virginia He, Justin Song https://icd.codes/icd10cm/D6489 D64.8 Non-billable Other specified anemias other specified anemia DP patient lacks enough red blood cells to carry oxygen to the body's tissues Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/anemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20351360 D64.9 Billable Anemia, unspecified anemia DP, unspecified a bleeding disorder caused by circulating anticoagulants (autoantibodies that neutralize specific clotting) Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D65-D69/D68-/D68.3 D68.3 Non-billable Hemorrhagic disorder due to circulating anticoagulants hemorrhagic disorder DP due to circulating anticoagulants Hemorrhagic diseases are caused by bleeding, or they result in bleeding Virginia He https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002373.htm#:~:text=article%2F002373.htm-,Hemorrhagic,result%20in%20bleeding%20(hemorrhaging). D65-D69 Coagulation defects, purpura and other hemorrhagic conditions coagulation defects, purpura and other hemorrhagic conditions abnormally low levels of thrombocytes, also known as platelets, in the blood. Virginia He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrombocytopenia#:~:text=Thrombocytopenia%20is%20a%20condition%20characterized,platelets%20per%20microliter%20of%20blood. D69.5 Non-billable Secondary thrombocytopenia secondary thrombocytopenia DP Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of thrombocytes, also known as platelets, in the blood. Virginia He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrombocytopenia#:~:text=Thrombocytopenia%20is%20a%20condition%20characterized,platelets%20per%20microliter%20of%20blood. D69.6 Billable Thrombocytopenia, unspecified thrombocytopenia DP, unspecified People with neutropenia have an unusually low number of cells called neutrophils. Neutrophils are cells in your immune system that attack bacteria and other organisms when they invade your body Virginia He https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/neutropenia-causes-symptoms-treatment#1 D70 Non-billable Neutropenia neutropenia DP white blood cell disorders effect the functionallity of the body's immune response Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.healthline.com/health/blood-cell-disorders#white-blood-cell-disorders D72.8 Non-billable Other specified disorders of white blood cells other specified disorders of white blood cells. low level of lymphocytes, which are white blood cells Virginia He, Justin Song https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphocytopenia#:~:text=Lymphocytopenia%20is%20the%20condition%20of,an%20excessive%20level%20of%20lymphocytes. D72.810 Billable Lymphocytopenia lymphocytopenia A disorder resulting from an abnormality in the immune system Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D80-D89/D89-/D89.9 D89.9 Billable Disorder involving the immune mechanism, unspecified disorder involving the immune mechanism, unspecified a small class of medical conditions affecting the nervous system. Virginia He disease of the nervous system https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nervous_system_disease#:~:text=Nervous%20system%20diseases%2C%20also%20known,conditions%20affecting%20the%20nervous%20system. G00-G99 Diseases of the nervous system disease (process) of the nervous system Deficiency of a coagulation factor (proteins in the blood that help control bleeding) that is not caused by genetic alterations. Causes include vitamin k deficiency, amyloidosis, and severe liver disease. Grace Whah https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/coagulation-factor-tests/#:~:text=Coagulation%20factors%20are%20proteins%20in,from%20losing%20too%20much%20blood. D68.4 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D65-D69/D68-/D68.4 acquired coagulation factor deficiency a brain disorder that leads to shaking, stiffness, and difficulty with walking, balance, and coordination. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/parkinsons-disease#:~:text=Parkinson's%20disease%20is%20a%20brain,have%20difficulty%20walking%20and%20talking. G20 Billable Parkinson's disease parkinson's disease process A degenerative disease of the brain characterized by the insidious onset of dementia. Impairment of memory, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe apraxias and a global loss of cognitive abilities. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G30-G32/G30- G30 Non-billable Alzheimer's disease alzheimer's disease process characterized by clinical symptoms and signs of AD that become apparent after the age of 60. Virginia He https://www.brightfocus.org/alzheimers/article/what-your-risk-heredity-and-late-onset-alzheimers-disease#:~:text=Late%2Donset%20Alzheimer's%2C%20the%20most,and%20this%20form%20of%20Alzheimer's. G30.1 Billable Alzheimer's disease with late onset alzheimer's DP with late onset A degenerative disease of the brain characterized by the insidious onset of dementia. Impairment of memory, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe apraxias and a global loss of cognitive abilities. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G30-G32/G30-/G30.9 G30.9 Billable Alzheimer's disease, unspecified alzheimer's DP, unspecified a neurological disorder marked by sudden recurrent episodes of sensory disturbance, loss of consciousness, or convulsions, associated with abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G40-G47/G40-/G40.9 G40.9 Non-billable Epilepsy, unspecified epilepsy, unspecified A disorder characterized by cessation of breathing for short periods during sleep. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G40-G47/G47-/G47.3 G47.3 Non-billable sleep apnea sleep apnea DP A disorder characterized by recurrent apneas during sleep despite persistent respiratory efforts. It is due to upper airway obstruction. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G40-G47/G47-/G47.33 G47.33 Billable Obstructive sleep apnea (adult) (pediatric) obstructive sleep apnea DP a neurological disorder that results in diabetes Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.pijn.com/en/patients/cause-of-pain/diagnoses-per-body-region/widespread-pain/diabetic-polyneuropathy#:~:text=Diabetic%20polyneuropathy%20is%20a%20neurological,nerves%20do%20not%20work%20properly. G63.2 Diabetic polyneuropathy diabetic polyneuropathy DP any health problem that occurs in the digestive tract. Virginia He disease of the digestive system https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007447.htm#:~:text=A%20digestive%20disease%20is%20any,Gallstones%2C%20cholecystitis%2C%20and%20cholangitis K00-K99 Diseases of the digestive system disease (process) of the digestive system A chronic disorder characterized by reflux of the gastric and/or duodenal contents into the distal esophagus. It is usually caused by incompetence of the lower esophageal sphincter. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K20-K31/K21-/K21.9 K21.9 Billable Gastro-esophageal reflux disease without esophagitis gastro-esophageal reflux disease process without esophagitis An inflammatory disorder that affects the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract; a disorder characterized by inflammation of the colon. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K50-K52/K52-/K52.9 K52.9 Billable Noninfective gastroenteritis and colitis, unspecified noninfective gastroenteritis and colitis DP, unspecified A condition in which stool becomes hard, dry, and difficult to pass, and bowel movements don't happen very often. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K55-K64/K59-/K59.0 K59.0 Non-billable Constipation constipation DP A complication of type 2 diabetes, involving extremely high blood sugar (glucose) level without the presence of ketones. Grace Whah HHS (Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome) https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000304.htm#:~:text=Diabetic%20hyperglycemic%20hyperosmolar%20syndrome%20(HHS,without%20the%20presence%20of%20ketones. E11.0 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E08-E13/E11-/E11.0 type 2 diabetes mellitus with hyperosmolarity infrequent bowel movements or difficult passage of stools that persists for several weeks or longer. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation/symptoms-causes/syc-20354253 K59.09 Billable Other constipation other constipation DP a problem with how your stomach and bowels function or work Virginia He https://www.med.umich.edu/fbd/#:~:text=Functional%20Bowel%20Disorders%20(or%20FBD,signs%20that%20something%20is%20wrong. K59 Non-billable Other functional intestinal disorders functional intestinal disorders loose stool consistency and chronicity and absence of coexisting irritable bowel syndrome Virginia He, Justin Song https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22917168/#:~:text=A%20consensus%20definition%20for%20functional,by%20a%20preceding%20infectious%20gastroenteritis. K59.1 Billable Functional diarrhea functional diarrhea bleeding in the rectum caused by various things such as infections, proctitis, etc. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J11-/J11.0 K62.5 Non-billable Hemorrhage of anus and rectum hemorrhage of anus and rectum DP liver is damaged which makes it hard to digest food. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K70-K77/K71-/K71.0 K71.0 Billable Toxic liver disease with cholestasis toxic liver disease with cholestasis DP liver failure Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K70-K77/K72-/K72.0 K72.0 Non-billable Acute and subacute hepatic failure acute and subacute hepatic failure DP Abnormally dark tarry feces containing blood (usually from gastrointestinal bleeding) Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K90-K95/K92-/K92.1 K92.1 Billable Melena melena DP disorders caused by organisms — such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. Virginia He infectious and parasitic disease processes https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infectious-diseases/symptoms-causes/syc-20351173#:~:text=Infectious%20diseases%20are%20disorders%20caused,passed%20from%20person%20to%20person. A00-B99 Certain infectious and parasitic diseases infectious and parasitic disease (process) A viral or bacterial infectious process affecting the large intestine. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/A00-A09/A09-/A09 A09 Billable Infectious gastroenteritis and colitis, unspecified infectious gastroenteritis and colitis DP, unspecified the presence of bacteria or their toxins in the blood or tissues. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/A30-A49/A41-/A41.9 A41.9 Billable Sepsis, unspecified organism sepsis DP, unspecified organism A general term for diseases produced by viruses. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B25-B34/B34- B34 Viral infection of unspecified site viral infection DP of unspecified site A general term for diseases produced by viruses. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B25-B34/B34-/B34.9 B34.9 Billable Viral infection, unspecified viral infection DP, unspecified E. coli are usually harmless bacteria that help with digestion, but they can be strained and cause diarreha or worse Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/food-poisoning/what-is-e-coli#1 B96.2 Non-billable Escherichia coli [E. coli ] as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere. E. coli as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere bacteria that infect the body cause diseases Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B95-B97/B96-/B96.8 B96.8 Non-billable Other specified bacterial agents as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere other specified bacterial agents as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere bacteria that infect the body cause diseases Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B95-B97/B96- B96 Non-billable Other specified bacterial agents as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere other bacterial agents as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere viruses that infect the body cause diseases Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B95-B97/B97-/B97 B97 Non-billable Viral agents as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere viral agents as the cause of diseases a type of common virus that infects humans, typically leading to an upper respiratory infection Virginia He https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=22789 B97.2 Non-billable Coronavirus as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere coronavirus as the cause of diseases a type of common virus that infects humans, typically leading to an upper respiratory infection Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=22789 B97.29 Billable Other coronavirus as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere other coronavirus as the cause of diseases infection/disease caused by a virus Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B95-B97/B97-/B97.89 B97.89 Billable Other viral agents as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere other viral agents as the cause of diseases Infectious diseases are disorders caused by organisms — such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. Virginia He https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infectious-diseases/symptoms-causes/syc-20351173#:~:text=Infectious%20diseases%20are%20disorders%20caused,passed%20from%20person%20to%20person. B99 Non-billable Other and unspecified infectious diseases other and unspecified infectious diseases An abnormal mass of tissue that results when cells divide more than they should or do not die when they should. Virginia He https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/neoplasm C00-D49 Neoplasms neoplasm DP a malignant lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. Virginia He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lung_cancer#:~:text=Lung%20cancer%2C%20also%20known%20as,other%20parts%20of%20the%20body. C34.9 Non-billable Malignant neoplasm of unspecified part of bronchus or lung malignant neoplasm DP of bronchus or lung a malignant lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C50-C50/C50-/C50.9 C50.9 Non-billable A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the breast. malignant neoplasm DP of breast A primary or metastatic malignant tumor involving the prostate gland. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C60-C63/C61-/C61 C61 Billable Malignant neoplasm of prostate malignant neoplasm DP of prostate Cancer that has spread from the original (primary) tumor to the liver. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C76-C80/C78-/C78.7 C78.7 Billable Secondary malignant neoplasm of liver and intrahepatic bile duct secondary malignant neoplasm of liver and intrahepatic bile duct DP Cancer that has spread from the original (primary) tumor to the bone. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C76-C80/C79-/C79.5 C79.5 Non-billable Secondary malignant neoplasm of bone and bone marrow secondary malignant neoplasm of bone and bone marrow DP A malignancy of mature plasma cells engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C81-C96/C90-/C90.0 C90.0 Non-billable Multiple myeloma multiple myeloma DP Diseases and conditions affecting the eyes Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59 H00-H59 Diseases of the eye and adnexa disease (process) of the eye and adnexa a common eye disorder among people over 50. It causes blurred or reduced central vision, due to thinning of the macula Virginia He https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dry-macular-degeneration/symptoms-causes/syc-20350375#:~:text=Dry%20macular%20degeneration%20is%20a,your%20direct%20line%20of%20sight. H35.3 Non-billable Degeneration of macula and posterior pole degeneration of macula and posterior pole damage in the eyes due to diabetes Virginia He, Justin Song https://icd.codes/icd10cm/H36 H36.0 Billable Retinal disorders in diseases classified elsewhere retinal disorders in diseases classified elsewhere A disorder characterized by an increase in pressure in the eyeball due to obstruction of the aqueous humor outflow. Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H40-H42/H40-/H40.9 H40.9 Billable Unspecified glaucoma unspecified glaucoma Diseases and conditions affecting the skin and subcutaneous tissue Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L80-L99 L80-L99 Other disorders of the skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders of the skin and subcutaneous tissue are injuries to skin and underlying tissue resulting from prolonged pressure on the skinv Virginia He https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bed-sores/symptoms-causes/syc-20355893#:~:text=Bedsores%20%E2%80%94%20also%20called%20pressure%20ulcers,%2C%20ankles%2C%20hips%20and%20tailbone. L89.1 Non-billable Pressure ulcer of back pressure ulcer of back a defect in the skin below the level of knee persisting for more than six weeks and shows no tendency to heal after three or more months. Virginia He https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ulcers/2013/413604/ L97 Non-billable Pressure ulcer of back non-pressure chronic ulcer of lower limb, not elsewhere classified Diseases and conditions affecting the muskoskeletal system and connective tissue Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99 M00-M99 Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue disease (process) of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue Acute or chronic pain in the lumbar or sacral regions Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M50-M54/M54-/M54.5 M54.5 Billable Low back pain low back pain DP Muscle disorders that cause weakness, pain or even paralysis Virginia He https://medlineplus.gov/muscledisorders.html M62.89 Billable Other specified disorders of muscle other specified disorders of muscle A chronic disorder of unknown etiology characterized by pain, stiffness, and tenderness in the muscles Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M70-M79/M79-/M79.1 M79.1 Non-billable Myalgia myalgia DP muscle aches and pain, which can involve ligaments, tendons and fascia, the soft tissues that connect muscles, bones and organs Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/myalgia M79.10 Billable Myalgia, unspecified site myalgia, unspecified site DP Osteoporosis is the most common bone disease and is caused by the thinning of the bones Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.clearcareonline.com/blog/managing-a-homecare-agency/bone-diseases-in-the-elderly/#:~:text=Osteoporosis%20is%20the%20most%20common,a%20senior%20factures%20a%20bone. M80.0 Non-billable Age-related osteoporosis with current pathological fracture age-related osteoporosis with current pathological fracture a viral respiratory illness caused by a coronavirus called SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.cdc.gov/sars/index.html U04.9 Severe acute respiratory syndrome, unspecified severe acute respiratory syndrome, unspecified when you have symptoms of both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Virginia He https://www.webmd.com/lung/copd/asthma-copd-overlap J45.8 Mixed asthma mixed asthma DP injury/other consequences caused by external sources Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88 S00-T88 Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes  injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes  A violent jar or shock, or the condition which results from such an injury. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S00-S09/S06/S06.0-/S06.0 S06.0 Concussion concussion DP Fractures of the short, constricted portion of the thigh bone between the femur head and the trochanters. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S70-S79/S72/S72.0-/S72.0 S72.0 Fracture of head and neck of femur fracture of head and neck of femur DP there is a need for specific instruction for the patient Virginia He, Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T80-T88/T81-/T81 T81.0 Complications of procedures, not elsewhere classified complications of procedures an event which results in a person coming to rest inadvertently on the ground or floor or other lower level Virginia He https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/falls W00-W19 Slipping, tripping, stumbling and falls slipping, tripping, stumbling and falls an event which results in a person coming to rest inadvertently on the ground or floor or other lower level Virginia He https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/falls W19 Unspecified fall unspecified fall liver failure Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K70-K77/K72-/K72.0 K70.3 Non-billable Alcoholic cirrhosis of liver alcoholic cirrhosis DP of liver An ulceration caused by prolonged pressure on the skin and tissues when one stays in one position for a long period of time, such as lying in bed. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L80-L99/L89-/L89 L89 Non-billable Pressure ulcer pressure ulcer A type of permanent damage to muscles and nerves that results from prolonged lack blood flow to those tissues. It is characterized by shortening and stiffening of the muscles. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T79-T79/T79-/T79.6 T79.6 Traumatic ischemia of muscle traumatic ischemia DP of muscle Virginia He https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5460787/#:~:text=without%20HIV%20infection.-,Introduction,MDR%2DTB%5B2%5D. tuberculous infection caused by resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampin, the two most potent TB drugs. U50.00 Primary multidrug resistant tuberculosis primary multidrug resistant tuberculosis to descend freely by the force of gravity Virginia He https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fall W17 Non-billable Other fall from one level to another fall from one level to another symptoms, signs, abnormal results of clinical or other investigative procedures, and ill-defined conditions regarding which no diagnosis classifiable elsewhere is recorded. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99 R00-R99 Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate blood in the urine. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R30-R39/R31-/R31 R31 Non-billable Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified hematuria DP Loss of sense of smell https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R40-R46/R43-/R43.0 R43.0 Billable Anosmia anosmia DP Sepsis associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R65-/R65.20 R65.20 Billable Severe sepsis without septic shock severe sepsis DP without septic shock Persons encountering health services for examinations, Genetic carrier and genetic susceptibility to disease, Resistance to antimicrobial drugs, etc Virginia He https://coder.aapc.com/icd-10-codes-range/298#:~:text=ICD%2D10%20Code%20range%20(Z00,receptor%20status%2C%20Retained%20foreign%20body Z00-Z99 Factors influencing health status and contact with health services factors influencing health status and contact with health services Encounter for general adult medical examination Non-billable Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z00-Z13/Z00-/Z00.0 Z00.0 Encounter for general adult medical examination encounter for general adult medical examination a procedure in which blood is collected, part of the blood such as platelets or white blood cells is taken out, and the rest of the blood is returned to the donor. Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z51-/Z51.81 Z51.81 Billable Encounter for therapeutic drug level monitoring encounter for therapeutic drug level monitoring Problem related to social environment Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z55-Z65/Z60-/Z60.9 Z60.9 Billable Problem related to social environment, unspecified problem related to social environment long term use of asipirin Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z79-/Z79.82 Z79.82 Billable Long term (current) use of aspirin long term (current) use of aspirin when immune system reacts to a foreign substance or food that doesn't cause a reaction in most people Virginia He https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/allergies/symptoms-causes/syc-20351497#:~:text=Allergies%20occur%20when%20your%20immune,produces%20substances%20known%20as%20antibodies. Z88.1 Billable Allergy status to other antibiotic agents status allergy status to other antibiotic agents status inflammation of the glomeruli, which are structures in your kidneys that are made up of tiny blood vessels. These knots of vessels help filter your blood and remove excess fluids. If your glomeruli are damaged, your kidneys will stop working properly, and you can go into kidney failure Virginia He https://icd.codes/icd10cm/N08#:~:text=N08%20is%20a%20billable%20ICD,to%20specify%20a%20medical%20diagnosis. N08.3 glomerular disorders in diseases classified elsewhere glomerular disorders Eric Wan, Oliver He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H60-H95/H65-H75 H65-H75 Diseases of middle ear and mastoid middle ear or mastoid DP Eric Wan, Oliver He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H60-H95/H80-H83 H80-H83 Diseases of inner ear inner ear DP Eric Wan, Oliver He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H60-H95/H95-H95 H95-H95 Not billable Intraoperative and postprocedural complications and disorders of ear and mastoid process, not elsewhere classified Intraoperative and postprocedural complications and disorders of ear and mastoid process, not elsewhere classified Eric Wan, Oliver He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H60-H95/H65-H75 H65-H75 Diseases of middle ear and mastoid Conductive and sensorineural hearing loss Oliver He hearing loss Oliver He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H60-H95/H90-H94/H91-/H91.90 H91.90 Billable Unspecified hearing loss, unspecified ear Unspecified hearing loss, unspecified ear Oliver He interoperative and postprocedural ear and mastoid disease process Loss of memory, language, problem-solving and other thinking abilities in an Alzheimer's patient Grace Whah https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia#:~:text=Dementia%20is%20a%20general%20term,most%20common%20cause%20of%20dementia. F00.2 https://icd.who.int/browse10/2014/en#!/F00-F09 dementia in Alzheimer’s disease, atypical or mixed type Oliver He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H60-H95/H60-H62/H61-/H61.0 H61.0 Chondritis and perichondritis of external ear chondritis or perichondritis of external ear Oliver He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H60-H95/H65-H75/H65-/H65 H65 Non-Billable Nonsuppurative otitis media Nonsuppurative otitis media DP Hypertension (Elevated blood pressure) in patients with stage 5 kidney disease or end stage renal disease Grace Whah https://www.webmd.com/hypertension-high-blood-pressure/guide/what-is-renal-hypertension#:~:text=Renal%20hypertension%2C%20also%20called%20renovascular,blood%20vessels%20of%20the%20kidney. I12.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I10-I16/I12-/I12.0 hypertensive chronic kidney disease with stage 5 chronic kidney disease or end stage renal disease Presence of a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in the lungs in patients with acute cor pulmonale (acute right heart failure) Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pulmonary-embolism/symptoms-causes/syc-20354647#:~:text=Pulmonary%20embolism%20is%20a%20blockage,body%20(deep%20vein%20thrombosis). I26.0 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I26-I28/I26-/I26.0 pulmonary embolism with acute cor pulmonale Backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to imperfect closure of the mitral valve Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I30-I52/I34-/I34.0 I34.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I30-I52/I34-/I34.0 nonrheumatic mitral (valve) insufficiency upper respiratory system is infected in multiple sites and parts will become inflamed or damaged. Grace Whah https://www.healthline.com/health/acute-upper-respiratory-infection#:~:text=An%20acute%20URI%20is%20a,pharyngitis%2C%20epiglottitis%2C%20and%20tracheobronchitis. J06.8 https://icd.who.int/browse10/2010/en#!J06.8 acute upper respiratory infections of multiple sites Pneumonia (infection that inflames the air sacs in the lungs) caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354204#:~:text=Pneumonia%20is%20an%20infection%20that,and%20fungi%2C%20can%20cause%20pneumonia. J15.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J15-/J15.0 pneumonia due to Klebsiella pneumoniae Pneumonia (infection that inflames the air sacs in the lungs) caused by Pseudomonas bacteria Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354204#:~:text=Pneumonia%20is%20an%20infection%20that,and%20fungi%2C%20can%20cause%20pneumonia. J15.1 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J15-/J15.1 pneumonia due to Pseudomonas A condition of the lung characterized by increase beyond normal in the size of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, either from dilatation of the alveoli or from destruction of their walls. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J43-/J43.9 J43.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J43-/J43.9 emphysema, unspecified Injury to elbow skin and underlying tissue resulting from prolonged pressure on skin around elbow Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bed-sores/symptoms-causes/syc-20355893#:~:text=Bedsores%20%E2%80%94%20also%20called%20pressure%20ulcers,%2C%20ankles%2C%20hips%20and%20tailbone. L89.0 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L80-L99/L89-/L89.0 pressure ulcer of elbow The existence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in pregnant patients or patients who had a child within the last 6 weeks Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O20-O29/O24-/O24.1 O24.1 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O20-O29/O24-/O24.1 pre-existing type 2 diabetes mellitus, in pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium Lymph nodes in one particular area of the body swell up Grace Whah https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324105#causes R59.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R59-/R59.0 localized enlarged lymph nodes A disorder characterized by bleeding from the nose Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R00-R09/R04-/R04.0 R04.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R00-R09/R04-/R04.0 epistaxis Abnormal buildup of fluid in the abdomen Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R10-R19/R18-/R18 R18 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R10-R19/R18-/R18 ascites Death in circumstances where the body of the deceased was found and no cause could be discovered Grace Whah https://icd.who.int/browse10/2010/en#!R98 R98 https://icd.who.int/browse10/2010/en#!R98 unattended death Infection in the body found after a procedure Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T80-T88/T81-/T81.4 T81.4 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T80-T88/T81-/T81.4 infection following a procedure Presence of implant into the urethra to help control urine leakage (foley catheter, ureteral stent, pessary, etc). Grace Whah https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007373.htm Z96.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z96-/Z96.0 presence of urogenital implants Has bone/tendon implants in body Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z96-/Z96.7 Z96.7 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z96-/Z96.7 presence of other bone and tendon implants Inflammation of the liver caused by hepatitis c virus lasting six months or more Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B15-B19/B18-/B18.2 B18.2 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B15-B19/B18-/B18.2 chronic viral hepatitis C Infection of the mucous membranes of the mouth by a fungus of the genus candida Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B35-B49/B37-/B37.0 B37.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B35-B49/B37-/B37.0 candidal stomatitis Cancer that has spread from the original tumor to the lung Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C76-C80/C78-/C78.0 C78.0 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C76-C80/C78-/C78.0 secondary malignant neoplasm of lung Iron deficiency anemia (a condition in which blood lacks adequate healthy blood cells) caused by chronic blood loss Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/iron-deficiency-anemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20355034 D50.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D50-D53/D50-/D50.0 iron deficiency anemia secondary to blood loss (chronic) The prescense of diabetic ketoacidosis (body produces high levels of ketones and not enough insulin) in type 1 diabetic patients Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetic-ketoacidosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20371551#:~:text=Diabetic%20ketoacidosis%20is%20a%20serious,can't%20produce%20enough%20insulin. E10.1 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E08-E13/E10-/E10.1 type 1 diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis Overweight and obesity caused by miscellaneous disorders Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E65-E68/E66-/E66.8 E66.8 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E65-E68/E66-/E66.8 other obesity Delirium of mixed origin, postoperative delirium Grace Whah https://icd.who.int/browse10/2010/en#/F05.8 F05.8 https://icd.who.int/browse10/2010/en#/F05.8 other dilirum An abrupt change in the brain that causes mental confusion and emotional disruption with unspecified cause Grace Whah https://www.healthline.com/health/delirium#:~:text=Delirium%20is%20an%20abrupt%20change,after%20surgery%2C%20or%20with%20dementia. F05.9 https://icd.who.int/browse10/2010/en#/F05.9 delirium, unspecified Personality/behavioral disorders caused by physiological disorder Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F01-F09/F07-/F07.8 F07.8 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F01-F09/F07-/F07.8 other personality and behavioral disorders due to known physiological condition A mental disorder in which a person has trouble telling the difference between real and unreal experiences, thinking logically, and behaving normally in social situations. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F20-F29/F20-/F20.9 F20.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F20-F29/F20-/F20.9 schizophrenia, unspecified A disorder of the nervous system marked by weakness, numbness, a loss of muscle coordination, and problems with vision, speech, and bladder control Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G35-G37/G35-/G35 G35 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G35-G37/G35-/G35 multiple sclerosis Paralysis of one side of the body with unspecified cause Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G80-G83/G81-/G81.9 G81.9 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G80-G83/G81-/G81.9 hemiplegia, unspecified An infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs caused by Escherichia coli bacteria Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354204#:~:text=Pneumonia%20is%20an%20infection%20that,and%20fungi%2C%20can%20cause%20pneumonia. J15.5 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J15-/J15.5 pneumonia due to Escherichia coli Nonallergic asthma (a condition in which your airways narrow and swell) Grace Whah https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/J45.1 J45.1 https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/J45.1 nonallergic asthma Asthma symptoms (airway swelling) occuring fewer than three times a week Grace Whah https://www.webmd.com/asthma/qa/what-is-mild-intermittent-asthma#:~:text=ANSWER,age%2C%20sex%2C%20and%20height. J45.20 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J45-/J45.20 mild intermittent asthma, uncomplicated Unspecified late stage scarring of the liver Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cirrhosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351487 K74.6 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K70-K77/K74-/K74.6 other and unspecified cirrhosis of liver A chronic inflammation of the tear and salivary glands, often accompanied by rheumatoid arthritis and the presence of autoantibodies in the blood Grace Whah Sjogren syndrome https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M30-M36/M35-/M35.0 M35.0 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M30-M36/M35-/M35.0 sicca syndrome [Sjögren] Wasting or thinning of muscle tissue Grace Whah https://www.healthline.com/health/muscle-atrophy#:~:text=Muscle%20atrophy%20is%20when%20muscles,can%20result%20in%20muscle%20wasting. M62.50 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M60-M63/M62-/M62.50 muscle wasting and atrophy, not elsewhere classified, unspecified site Genetic malformation of the tongue Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Q00-Q99/Q38-Q45/Q38-/Q38.3 Q38.3 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Q00-Q99/Q38-Q45/Q38-/Q38.3 other congenital malformations of tongue Unspecified anterior chest-wall pain Grace Whah https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/R07.3 R07.3 https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/R07.3 other chest pain Unspecified fracture of the proximal femur between the cervical region and the shaft Grace Whah https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877056813002740#:~:text=Definition,in%20the%20definition%20%5B6%5D. S72.10 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S70-S79/S72/S72.1-/S72.10 unspecified trochanteric fracture of femur Administration of immunotherapy Grace Whah https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/Z29.1 Z29.1 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z20-Z29/Z29-/Z29.1 encounter for prophylactic immunotherapy Lack of familial support Grace Whah https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/Z63.2 Z63.2 https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/Z63.2 inadequate family support Continous supervision needed, problems related to care provider dependency Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z69-Z76/Z74-/Z74.3 Z74.3 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z69-Z76/Z74-/Z74.3 need for continuous supervision Personal history of exposure to radiation Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z92-/Z92.3 Z92.3 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z92-/Z92.3 personal history of irradiation Patient has prosthetic heart valve Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z95-/Z95.2 Z95.2 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z95-/Z95.2 presence of prosthetic heart valve Patient was exposed to SARS-associated coronavirus Grace Whah http://www.icd9data.com/2015/Volume1/V01-V91/V01-V09/V01/V01.82.htm V01.82 Billable http://www.icd9data.com/2015/Volume1/V01-V91/V01-V09/V01/V01.82.htm exposure to SARS-associated coronavirus Diseases in body caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B95-B97/B95-/B95.6 B95.6 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B95-B97/B95-/B95.6 Staphylococcus aureus as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere Secondary abnormal growth of cells in the pleural space (the cavity between the lungs and chest wall that contains pleural fluid) Grace Whah https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=22&contentid=pleuraltumors#:~:text=Pleural%20tumors%20are%20found%20in,and%20difficult%20to%20operate%20on. C78.2 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C76-C80/C78-/C78.2 secondary malignant neoplasm of pleura A disease characterized by the growth of tiny collections of inflammatory cells (granulomas) in any part of your body https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sarcoidosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20350358#:~:text=Sarcoidosis%20is%20a%20disease%20characterized,skin%2C%20heart%20and%20other%20organs. D86.8 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D80-D89/D86-/D86.8 sarcoidosis of other sites An unspecified condition in which the adrenal glands do not produce adequate amounts of steroid hormones (cortisol) Grace Whah https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_insufficiency#:~:text=Adrenal%20insufficiency%20is%20a%20condition,potassium%20secretion%2C%20and%20water%20retention. E27.4 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E20-E35/E27-/E27.4 other and unspecified adrenocortical insufficiency A condition caused by not getting enough calories or the right amount of key nutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, that are needed for health. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E40-E46/E46-/E46 E46 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E40-E46/E46-/E46 unspecified protein-calorie malnutrition A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of B group vitamins (folic acid, B-12) in the diet Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E50-E64/E53-/E53.8 E53.8 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E50-E64/E53-/E53.8 deficiency of other specified B group vitamins Disorders in the processing, absorption, transport, storage, and utilization of phosphorus in the body Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E70-E88/E83-/E83.3 E83.3 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E70-E88/E83-/E83.3 disorders of phosphorus metabolism and phosphatases Unspecified loss of memory, language,and other thinking abilities in a patient with Alzheimer's Grace Whah https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia#:~:text=Dementia%20is%20a%20general%20term,most%20common%20cause%20of%20dementia. F00.9 https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/F00.9 dementia in Alzheimer disease, unspecified Single major depressive disorder episode (a depressed mood for two weeks or more) Grace Whah https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_depressive_episode F32.1 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F30-F39/F32-/F32.1 major depressive disorder, single episode, moderate Recurrent major depressive disorder episodes (a depressed mood for two weeks or more) Grace Whah https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_depressive_episode F33.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F30-F39/F33-/F33.9 major depressive disorder, recurrent, unspecified A brief stroke (from a few minutes to an hour) of cerebral dysfunction when the blood supply to this part of the brain is blocked Grace Whah https://medlineplus.gov/transientischemicattack.html#:~:text=A%20transient%20ischemic%20attack%20(TIA,one%20side%20of%20the%20body G45.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G40-G47/G45-/G45.9 transient cerebral ischemic attack, unspecified A neuromuscular condition of spasticity that results in the muscles on one side of the body to be in a constant state of contraction Grace Whah https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spastic_hemiplegia#:~:text=Spastic%20hemiplegia%20is%20a%20neuromuscular,impairment%20umbrella%20of%20cerebral%20palsy. G81.1 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G80-G83/G81-/G81.1 spastic hemiplegia Failure of adequate output by the left ventricle Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I30-I52/I50-/I50.1 I50.1 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I30-I52/I50-/I50.1 left ventricular failure, unspecified The result of thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries in the brain Grace Whah https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Cerebral-Arteriosclerosis-Information-Page#:~:text=Definition,can%20cause%20serious%20health%20problems. I67.2 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I60-I69/I67-/I67.2 cerebral atherosclerosis An infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs caused by Parainfluenza virus Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354204#:~:text=Pneumonia%20is%20an%20infection%20that,and%20fungi%2C%20can%20cause%20pneumonia. J12.2 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J12-/J12.2 parainfluenza virus pneumonia Respiratory tract infections not specified as acute, chronic, lower, or upper Grace Whah https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/J98.7 J98.7 https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/J98.7 respiratory infection, not elsewhere classified Injury to hip skin and underlying tissue resulting from prolonged pressure on skin around hip Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bed-sores/symptoms-causes/syc-20355893#:~:text=Bedsores%20%E2%80%94%20also%20called%20pressure%20ulcers,%2C%20ankles%2C%20hips%20and%20tailbone. L89.2 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L80-L99/L89-/L89.2 pressure ulcer of hip When water content of the body cartilage increases and the protein makeup of cartilage degenerates Grace Whah https://www.novusbio.com/diseases/polyosteoarthritis-unspecified#:~:text=Polyosteoarthritis%20is%20related%20to%20the,and%20eventually%20cartilage%20will%20degenerate. M15.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M15-M19/M15-/M15.9 polyosteoarthritis, unspecified The feeling of being anger or irritated Grace Whah https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/irritable R45.4 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R40-R46/R45-/R45.4 irritability and anger Anarthria is a severe form of dysarthria. Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder that occurs when someone can't coordinate or control the muscles used for speaking. Grace Whah https://www.healthline.com/health/anarthria#:~:text=Anarthria%20is%20a%20severe%20form,t%20articulate%20speech%20at%20all. R47.4 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/search?s= dysarthria and anarthria Uncommon severe weight loss for an unspecified cause Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R63-/R63.4 R63.4 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R63-/R63.4 abnormal weight loss This describes the circumstance causing an injury, not the nature of the injury. The injury in this case is caused by the lack of administration of surgical or medical care. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/V00-Y99/Y62-Y69/Y66-/Y66 Y66 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/V00-Y99/Y62-Y69/Y66-/Y66 nonadministration of surgical and medical care Anemia (a condition in which you lack enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to your body's tissues) in patients with neoplasm (tumors) Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/anemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20351360#:~:text=Anemia%20is%20a%20condition%20in,range%20from%20mild%20to%20severe. D63.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D60-D64/D63-/D63.0 anemia in neoplastic disease Patient had a viral disease screening done Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z00-Z13/Z11-/Z11.5 Z11.5 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z00-Z13/Z11-/Z11.5 encounter for screening for other viral diseases Patient had specificed bacterial disease / infectious disease Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z20-Z29/Z22-/Z22.3 Z22.3 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z20-Z29/Z22-/Z22.3 carrier of other specified bacterial diseases Patient had implanted devices managed and adjusted Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z45-/Z45.8 Z45.8 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z45-/Z45.8 encounter for adjustment and management of other implanted devices Patient did not undergo treatment due to patients decision Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z53-/Z53.2 Z53.2 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z53-/Z53.2 procedure and treatment not carried out because of patient's decision for other and unspecified reasons Inflammation of the liver in humans caused by hepatitis b virus lasting six months or more. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B15-B19/B18-/B18.1 B18.1 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B15-B19/B18-/B18.1 chronic viral hepatitis B without delta-agent The aftereffect of respiratory disease and tuberculosis Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B90-B94/B90-/B90.9 B90.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B90-B94/B90-/B90.9 sequelae of respiratory and unspecified tuberculosis Diseases in the body caused by enterococcus genus Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B95-B97/B95-/B95.2 B95.2 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B95-B97/B95-/B95.2 Enterococcus as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere Diseases in the body caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B95-B97/B96-/B96.1 B96.1 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B95-B97/B96-/B96.1 Klebsiella pneumoniae [K. pneumoniae] as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere Primary cancerous tumor of the colon Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C15-C26/C18-/C18.9 C18.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C15-C26/C18-/C18.9 malignant neoplasm of colon, unspecified Carcinoma (cancerous tumor) of the liver Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C15-C26/C22-/C22.0 C22.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C15-C26/C22-/C22.0 liver cell carcinoma A stomach bug or stomach flu Grace Whah https://www.healthgrades.com/right-care/digestive-health/enteritis#:~:text=Most%20people%20call%20viral%20enteritis,Parasites%20include%20Giardia%20and%20Cryptosporidium. A08.3 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/A00-A09/A08-/A08.3 other viral enteritis Sepsis (when the body's response to an infection is out of balance) caused by a staph infection. Could lead to organ damage or failure https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/07/180726162039.htm#:~:text=For%20patients%20diagnosed%20with%20a,the%20people%20who%20develop%20it. A41.0 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/A30-A49/A41-/A41.0 sepsis due to Staphylococcus aureus Hepatitis (not hepatitis A or hepatitis B); inflammation of the liver Grace Whah https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/abc/index.htm#:~:text=Hepatitis%20means%20inflammation%20of%20the,medical%20conditions%20can%20cause%20hepatitis. B17.8 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B15-B19/B17-/B17.8 other specified acute viral hepatitis Diseases caused by other viral agents Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B95-B97/B97-/B97.8 B97.8 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B95-B97/B97-/B97.8 other viral agents as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere Tumor of the connective tissues of the bile ducts Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C15-C26/C22-/C22.1 C22.1 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C15-C26/C22-/C22.1 intrahepatic bile duct carcionoma Cancerous tumor of a respiratory organ (upper lobe, bronchus, or lung) Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C30-C39/C34-/C34.1 C34.1 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C30-C39/C34-/C34.1 malignant neoplasm of upper lobe, bronchus or lung Cancer of the endometrium Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C51-C58/C54-/C54.1 C54.1 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C51-C58/C54-/C54.1 malignant neoplasm of endometrium A lung disease characterized by the growth of inflammatory cells (granulomas) in the lungs Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sarcoidosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20350358 D86.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D80-D89/D86-/D86.0 sarcoidosis of lung A disease characterized by the growth of inflammatory cells (granulomas) in a specific part of your body (most commonly liver, lungs, skin, and lymph nodes) https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sarcoidosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20350358 D86.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D80-D89/D86-/D86.9 sarcoidosis, unspecified An uncommon condition characterized by elevated levels of immunoglobulins in your blood Grace Whah PHGG https://www.healthline.com/health/hypergammaglobulinemia D89.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D80-D89/D89-/D89.0 polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia A common form of hyperthyroidism affecting the entire thyroid gland and causing the gland to become enlarged Grace Whah Graves' disease https://www.virginiamason.org/thyrotoxicosis#:~:text=As%20many%20as%2070%2D80,gland%20becomes%20enlarged%20(goiter). E05.0 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E00-E07/E05-/E05.0 thyrotoxicosis with diffuse goiter The prescense of diabetic ketoacidosis (body produces high levels of ketones and not enough insulin) in type 1 diabetic patients, resulting in a coma Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetic-ketoacidosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20371551#:~:text=Diabetic%20ketoacidosis%20is%20a%20serious,can't%20produce%20enough%20insulin. E10.11 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E08-E13/E10-/E10.11 type 1 diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis with coma Type 1 diabetes (body cannot break down sugars very easily) with unspecified complications Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E08-E13/E10-/E10.8 E10.8 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E08-E13/E10-/E10.8 type 1 diabetes mellitus with unspecified complications Type 2 diabetes with diabetic macular edema (when blood vessels in the eye retina leak fluid, causing swelling in the macula) Grace Whah https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/diabetic-retinopathy#:~:text=Diabetic%20retinopathy%20can%20lead%20to,a%20part%20of%20the%20retina). E11.311 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E08-E13/E11-/E11.311 type 2 diabetes mellitus with unspecified diabetic retinopathy with macular edema Type 2 diabetes with diabetic retinopathy (vision loss and blindness) without macular edema (swelling in the macula cause by fluid leaking from the retina) Grace Whah https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/diabetic-retinopathy#:~:text=Diabetic%20retinopathy%20can%20lead%20to,a%20part%20of%20the%20retina). E11.319 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E08-E13/E11-/E11.319 type 2 diabetes mellitus with unspecified diabetic retinopathy without macular edema Cataracts (cloudy area in the lens of your eye) caused by type 2 diabetes Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E08-E13/E11-/E11.36 E11.36 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E08-E13/E11-/E11.36 type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic cataract Other eye diseases caused by type 2 diabetes Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E08-E13/E11-/E11.39 E11.39 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E08-E13/E11-/E11.39 type 2 diabetes mellitus with other diabetic ophthalmic complication The coexistences of 2 or more primary acid-base disorders in the same patient Grace Whah https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0195561689500329#:~:text=A%20mixed%20acid%2Dbase%20disorder,and%20chemistries%2C%20and%20anion%20gap. E87.4 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E70-E88/E87-/E87.4 mixed disorder of acid-base balance Development of hypothyroidism (when the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough of crucial hormones) following surgery Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypothyroidism/symptoms-causes/syc-20350284 E89.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E89-E89/E89-/E89.0 postprocedural hypothyroidism Dementia that is gradual in onset, following a number of transient ischaemic episodes which produce an accumulation of infarcts in the cerebral parenchyma Grace Whah https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/F01.1 F01.1 https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/F01.1 multi-infarct dementia Other vascular dementia (problems with reasoning, planning, judgement, memory, and other thought processes caused by brain damage from impaired blood blow to your brain) Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/vascular-dementia/symptoms-causes/syc-20378793#:~:text=Vascular%20dementia%20is%20a%20general,t%20always%20cause%20vascular%20dementia. F01.8 https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/F01.8 other vascular dementia Unspecified vascular dementia (problems with reasoning, planning, judgement, memory, and other thought processes caused by brain damage from impaired blood blow to your brain) Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/vascular-dementia/symptoms-causes/syc-20378793#:~:text=Vascular%20dementia%20is%20a%20general,t%20always%20cause%20vascular%20dementia. F01.9 https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/F01.9 vascular dementia, unspecified A disorder characterized by the development either of a single delusion or of a set of related delusions that are usually persistent and sometimes lifelong. Grace Whah https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/F22.0 F22.0 https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/F22.0 delusional disorder A condition that affects the way your brain processes information and causes you to lose touch with reality. In this case, not caused by substance abuse or a known physiological condition Grace Whah https://www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/guide/what-is-psychosis#1 F29 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F20-F29/F29-/F29 unspecified psychosis not due to a substance or known physiological condition Single episode of major depressive disorder (persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest) Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/depression/symptoms-causes/syc-20356007 F32.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F30-F39/F32-/F32.0 major depressive disorder, single episode, mild A class of traumatic stress disorders with symptoms that last more than one month. There are various forms of post-traumatic stress disorder, depending on the time of onset and the duration of these stress symptoms. In the acute form, the duration of the symptoms is between 1 to 3 months. In the chronic form, symptoms last more than 3 months. With delayed onset, symptoms develop more than 6 months after the traumatic event. Grace Whah PTSD https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F40-F48/F43-/F43.1 F43.1 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F40-F48/F43-/F43.1 post-traumatic stress disorder Other form of Alzheimer's disease (diseases where dementia symptoms gradually worsen over time) Grace Whah https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers#:~:text=Alzheimer's%20is%20a%20progressive%20disease,and%20respond%20to%20their%20environment. G30.8 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G30-G32/G30-/G30.8 other Alzheimer's disease Epilepsy with simple partial seizures and focal EEG abnoralities Grace Whah https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/localization-related-epilepsy#:~:text=Benign%20focal%20epilepsies%20of%20childhood%20are%20idiopathic%20localization%E2%80%90related%20epilepsies,a%20tendency%20for%20spontaneous%20remission. G40.1 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G40-G47/G40-/G40.1 localization-related (focal) (partial) symptomatic epilepsy and epileptic syndromes with simple partial seizures Epilepsy with complex partial seizures and focal EEG abnoralities Grace Whah https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/localization-related-epilepsy#:~:text=Benign%20focal%20epilepsies%20of%20childhood%20are%20idiopathic%20localization%E2%80%90related%20epilepsies,a%20tendency%20for%20spontaneous%20remission. G40.2 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G40-G47/G40-/G40.2 localization-related (focal) (partial) symptomatic epilepsy and epileptic syndromes with complex partial seizures A chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by skeletal muscle weakness Grace Whah MG https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G70-G73/G70-/G70.0 G70.0 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G70-G73/G70-/G70.0 myasthenia gravis Cataracts (cloudy area in the lens of your eye) in the center of the eye lens due to age Grace Whah https://www.nvisioncenters.com/cataracts/types/#:~:text=Nuclear%20cataracts%20are%20often%20a,they%20often%20impact%20distance%20vision. H25.1 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H25-H28/H25-/H25.1 age-related nuclear cataract Cataracts (cloudy area in the lens of your eye) caused by unspecified reason Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H25-H28/H26-/H26.9 H26.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H25-H28/H26-/H26.9 unspecified cataract A localized defect in the visual field bordered by an area of normal vision. This occurs with a variety of eye diseases (e.g., retinal diseases and glaucoma); optic nerve diseases, and other conditions. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H53-H54/H53-/H53.4 H53.4 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H53-H54/H53-/H53.4 visual field defects Cannot see out of one eye Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H53-H54/H54-/H54.4 H54.4 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H53-H54/H54-/H54.4 blindness, one eye A heart attack in the absence of observable q wave abnormalities in the ecg. Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-attack/symptoms-causes/syc-20373106 I21.4 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I20-I25/I21-/I21.4 non-ST elevation (NSTEMI) myocardial infarction A condition in which arteries become narrower and slow down the flow of blood accompanied with chest pain Grace Whah https://www.ottawaheart.ca/heart-condition/coronary-artery-disease-atherosclerosis#:~:text=Coronary%20artery%20disease%20(CAD)%20is,down%20the%20flow%20of%20blood. I25.11 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I20-I25/I25-/I25.11 atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery with angina pectoris bleeding into the space between the surface of the brain, or pia mater, and the arachnoid, one of three coverings of the brain Grace Whah SAH https://www.uclahealth.org/neurosurgery/subarachnoid-hemorrhage I60 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I60-I69/I60-/I60 nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage Bleeding into one or both cerebral hemispheres including the basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex. It is often associated with hypertension and craniocerebral trauma. Grace Whah https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1163977-overview#:~:text=Nontraumatic%20intracerebral%20hemorrhage%20most%20commonly,cold%20exposure)%2C%20rupture%20of%20an I61.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I60-I69/I61-/I61.9 nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage, unspecified A balloon-like buldge like causes a dissection (a tear in the lining of the aorta) Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/aortic-dissection/multimedia/aortic-dissection/img-20007636#:~:text=An%20aortic%20aneurysm%20occurs%20when,the%20image%20on%20the%20right. I71 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I70-I79/I71-/I71 aortic aneurysm and dissection A contagious respiratory illness that can cause mild to severe illness (fever, chills, aches) Grace Whah Flu https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/index.html J09 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J09-/J09 influenza due to certain identified influenza viruses infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus (purulent material), causing cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354204#:~:text=Pneumonia%20is%20an%20infection%20that,and%20fungi%2C%20can%20cause%20pneumonia. J16.8 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J16-/J16.8 pneumonia due to other specified infectious organisms contagious viral infection caused by rhinovirus that causes inflammation of the bronchial tubes Grace Whah https://familydoctor.org/condition/acute-bronchitis/#:~:text=Acute%20bronchitis%20is%20a%20contagious,harder%20for%20you%20to%20breathe. J20.6 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J20-J22/J20-/J20.6 acute bronchitis due to rhinovirus inflammation of the stomach lining Grace Whah https://www.healthline.com/health/gastritis-chronic#:~:text=Chronic%20gastritis%20occurs%20when%20your,some%20of%20its%20protective%20cells. K29.5 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K20-K31/K29-/K29.5 unspecified chronic gastritis Diverticular disease consists of three conditions that involve the development of small sacs or pockets in the wall of the colon, including diverticulosis, diverticular bleeding, and diverticulitis. Grace Whah https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/diverticular-disease#1 K57.3 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K55-K64/K57-/K57.3 diverticular disease of large intestine without perforation or abscess Disease of the anus or rectum Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K55-K64/K62-/K62 K62 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K55-K64/K62-/K62 other diseases of anus and rectum A disorder characterized by the inability of the liver to metabolize chemicals in the body. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K70-K77/K72-/K72.9 K72.9 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K70-K77/K72-/K72.9 hepatic failure, unspecified Disease resulting in the inflammation of the liver Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K70-K77/K75-/K75.8 K75.8 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K70-K77/K75-/K75.8 Other specified inflammatory liver diseases Gallstones without inflammation of the gallbladder wall Grace Whah https://nursing.unboundmedicine.com/nursingcentral/view/Diseases-and-Disorders/73556/all/Cholecystitis_and_Cholelithiasis K80.2 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K80-K87/K80-/K80.2 calculus of gallbladder without cholecystitis a blockage in the tubes that carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder and small intestine. Grace Whah https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/bile-duct-obstruction#:~:text=Bile%20duct%20obstruction%20is%20a,into%20the%20duodenum%20for%20digestion. K83.1 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K80-K87/K83-/K83.1 obstruction of bile duct Bleeding from the gastric wall. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K90-K95/K92-/K92.2 K92.2 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K90-K95/K92-/K92.2 gastrointestinal hemorrhage, unspecified A chronic disease of the skin marked by red patches covered with white scales. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L40-L45/L40-/L40.9 L40.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L40-L45/L40-/L40.9 Psoriasis, unspecified a condition in which calcium pyrophosphate crystals build up in the knee Grace Whah CPPD https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-chondrocalcinosis-2552216#:~:text=Chondrocalcinosis%2C%20also%20known%20as%20calcium,and%20other%20types%20of%20arthritis. M11.26 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M05-M14/M11-/M11.26 other chondrocalcinosis, knee degeneration of the tissues of the hip joint, including hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, bone, and synovium Grace Whah OA https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2001/09000/primary_osteoarthritis_of_the_hip__etiology_and.5.aspx M16.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M15-M19/M16-/M16.0 bilateral primary osteoarthritis of hip A condition characterized by pain radiating from the back into the buttock and posterior/lateral aspects of the leg Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sciatica/symptoms-causes/syc-20377435#:~:text=Sciatica%20occurs%20when%20the%20sciatic,a%20disease%20such%20as%20diabetes. M54.3 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M50-M54/M54-/M54.3 Sciatica a painful condition that occurs when pressure within the muscles builds to dangerous levels. This pressure can decrease blood flow, which prevents nourishment and oxygen from reaching nerve and muscle cells Grace Whah https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/compartment-syndrome/#:~:text=Compartment%20syndrome%20is%20a%20painful,be%20either%20acute%20or%20chronic. M79 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M70-M79/M79-/M79.A Nontraumatic compartment syndrome An acute or chronic inflammatory process affecting the kidney. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N10-N16/N12-/N12 N12 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N10-N16/N12-/N12 Tubulo-interstitial nephritis, not specified as acute or chronic Gestational diabetes is diabetes that happens for the first time when a woman is pregnant. Gestational diabetes goes away when you have your baby, but it does increase your risk for having diabetes later. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O20-O29/O24-/O24.4 O24.4 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O20-O29/O24-/O24.4 Gestational diabetes mellitus irregular uterine contractions before the 37th week of pregnancy that mimick real labor Grace Whah Braxton hicks contractions https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/9686-true-vs-false-labor O47.0 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O30-O48/O47-/O47.0 False labor before 37 completed weeks of gestation preexisting anemia in a pregnant woman that complicates pregnancy and childbirth Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O94-O9A/O99-/O99.0 O99.0 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O94-O9A/O99-/O99.0 Anemia complicating pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium A disorder characterized by an unpleasant sensation of irregular and/or forceful beating of the heart. Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-palpitations/symptoms-causes/syc-20373196 R00.2 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R00-R09/R00-/R00.2 Palpitations an acute bleeding from the lung, from the upper respiratory tract and the trachea, and the alveoli Grace Whah https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_hemorrhage#:~:text=Pulmonary%20hemorrhage%20(or%20pulmonary%20haemorrhage,the%20trachea%2C%20and%20the%20alveoli.&text=The%20onset%20of%20pulmonary%20hemorrhage,of%20oxygenation%20leading%20to%20cyanosis. R04 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R00-R09/R04-/R04 Hemorrhage from respiratory passages a decrease in your normal sensations in the skin such as touch or temperature Grace Whah https://www.healthline.com/health/what-is-hypoesthesia#causes R20.1 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R20-R23/R20-/R20.1 Hypoesthesia of skin A disorder characterized by lack of coordination of muscle movements Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R25-R29/R27-/R27.0 R27.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R25-R29/R27-/R27.0 ataxia, unspecified seeing things that aren't there Grace Whah https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/visual-hallucination R44.1 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R40-R46/R44-/R44.1 visual hallucinations fluid accumulation that affects the whole body rather than particular organs or body areas. Grace Whah https://www.news-medical.net/health/Generalized-Edema.aspx#:~:text=Generalized%20edema%20refers%20to%20fluid,particular%20organs%20or%20body%20areas. R60.1 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R60-/R60.1 Generalized edema fracture or break in the upper end of the humerus Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S40-S49/S42/S42.2-/S42.20 S42.20 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S40-S49/S42/S42.2-/S42.20 unspecified fracture of upper end of humerus fracture in the anatomical portions of the femur which serve as the attachment sites for several muscles. Grace Whah https://radiopaedia.org/articles/isolated-greater-trochanteric-fracture-1?lang=us S72.11 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S70-S79/S72/S72.1-/S72.11 fracture of greater trochanter of femur complication occurs during procedure Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T80-T88/T81-/T81.8 T81.8 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T80-T88/T81-/T81.8 other complications of procedures, not elsewhere classified infection and/or inflammation resulting from the implanation of an internal device, implant, or graft Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T80-T88/T85-/T85.7 T85.7 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T80-T88/T85-/T85.7 Infection and inflammatory reaction due to other internal prosthetic devices, implants and grafts application of an analog drug of cortisol that is used for its anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive & antiproliferative effects Grace Whah http://tmedweb.tulane.edu/pharmwiki/doku.php/all_steroid_drugs#:~:text=Synthetic%20glucocorticoids%20are%20analogs%20of,commonly%20used%20synthetic%20compounds%20include%3A&text=This%20protects%20the%20fetus%20from%20high%20levels%20of%20these%20glucocorticoids. Y42.0 https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/Y42.0 glucocorticoids and synthetic analogues an occurance that requires attention to a tracheostomy procedure Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z43-/Z43.0 Z43.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z43-/Z43.0 encounter for attention to tracheostomy an occurance that requires attention to a gastrostomy procedure Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z43-/Z43.1 Z43.1 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z43-/Z43.1 encounter for attention to gastrostomy Grace Whah K70 - K77 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K70-K77 disease (process) of the liver Grace Whah C22 Malignant neoplasm of liver and intrahepatic bile ducts Grace Whah K80-K87 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K80-K87 disease (process) of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas Grace Whah K20 - K31 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K20-K31 disease (process) of esophagus, stomach and duodenum Grace Whah K55 - K64 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K55-K64 other disease (process) of the intestines low amount of income (financial) Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z55-Z65/Z59-/Z59.6 Z59.6 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z55-Z65/Z59-/Z59.6 low income financial problems related to housing or general economic standing Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z55-Z65/Z59-/Z59.9 Z59.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z55-Z65/Z59-/Z59.9 problem related to housing and economic circumstances, unspecified problems related to dependency on health care providers Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z69-Z76/Z74-/Z74 Z74 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z69-Z76/Z74-/Z74 problems related to care provider dependency other problems related to health care Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z69-Z76/Z75-/Z75.8 Z75.8 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z69-Z76/Z75-/Z75.8 other problems related to medical facilities and other health care history of cancerous tumors of the digestive organs Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z85-/Z85.0 Z85.0 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z85-/Z85.0 personal history of malignant neoplasm of digestive organs history of cancerous tumors of the lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissues Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z85-/Z85.7 Z85.7 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z85-/Z85.7 personal history of other malignant neoplasms of lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissues patient refuses to follow medical treatment/regimen Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z91-/Z91.1 Z91.1 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z91-/Z91.1 patient's noncompliance with medical treatment and regimen an infection in the bloodstream that may travel to different body organs. Grace Whah https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001366.htm#:~:text=Septicemia%20is%20an%20infection%20in,usually%20does%20not%20cause%20infection. A40 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/A30-A49/A40-/A40 streptococcal sepsis An acute infectious disorder of an unspecified site caused by gram positive or gram negative bacteria. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/A30-A49/A49-/A49 A49 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/A30-A49/A49-/A49 bacterial infection of unspecified site An unspecified acute infectious disorder caused by gram positive or gram negative bacteria. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/A30-A49/A49-/A49.9 A49.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/A30-A49/A49-/A49.9 bacterial infection, unspecified A condition in which candida albicans, a type of yeast, grows out of control in moist skin areas of the body Grace Whah Thrush https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B35-B49/B37-/B37 B37 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B35-B49/B37-/B37 candidiasis Lung infections with the invasive forms of aspergillus Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B35-B49/B44-/B44.0 B44.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B35-B49/B44-/B44.0 invasive pulmonary aspergillosis diseases with bacteria (Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Enterococcus ) as the cause Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B95-B97/B95-/B95 B95 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B95-B97/B95-/B95 Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Enterococcus as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere cancerous tumor of the brain Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C69-C72/C71-/C71 C71 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C69-C72/C71-/C71 malignant neoplasm of brain secondary cancerous tumor of the brain and cerebral meninges Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C76-C80/C79-/C79.3 C79.3 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C76-C80/C79-/C79.3 secondary malignant neoplasm of brain and cerebral meninges An aggressive (fast-growing) type of leukemia (blood cancer) in which too many lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the blood and bone marrow; no remission Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C81-C96/C91-/C91.00 C91.00 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C81-C96/C91-/C91.00 acute lymphoblastic leukemia not having achieved remission a brain tumor that is currently benign but has characteristics that make it possible for the tumor to become malignant (cancerous) Grace Whah https://providers.amerigroup.com/Documents/ALL_CARE_CF_V3I12Neoplasms.pdf D49.6 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/D49-D49/D49-/D49.6 neoplasm of unspecified behavior of brain A disease where the blood clots throughout the body and increases the risk of bleeding Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D65-D69/D65-/D65 D65 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D65-D69/D65-/D65 disseminated intravascular coagulation [defibrination syndrome] an elevated uric acid level in the blood without symptoms of inflammatory arthritis and tophaceous disease Grace Whah https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperuricemia#:~:text=Many%20factors%20contribute%20to%20hyperuricemia,consumption%20is%20the%20most%20important. E79.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E70-E88/E79-/E79.0 hyperuricemia without signs of inflammatory arthritis and tophaceous disease Abnormal increase in the volume of circulating fluid (plasma) in the body. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E70-E88/E87-/E87.7 E87.7 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E70-E88/E87-/E87.7 fluid overload dependence on nicotine Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F10-F19/F17-/F17 F17 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F10-F19/F17-/F17 nicotine dependence a potentially serious sleep disorder in which the brain makes no effort to breathe for short periods of time https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sleep-apnea/symptoms-causes/syc-20377631#:~:text=Sleep%20apnea%20is%20a%20potentially,occurs%20when%20throat%20muscles%20relax G47.31 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G40-G47/G47-/G47.31 primary central sleep apnea G40 - G47 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G40-G47 sleep disorders stopping breathing for a period of time (apnea) due to high altitude Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G40-G47/G47-/G47.32 G47.32 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G40-G47/G47-/G47.32 high altitude periodic breathing unspecified disorder of the brain Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G89-G99/G93-/G93 G93 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G89-G99/G93-/G93 other disorders of brain A disease of the heart muscle or myocardium proper. Cardiomyopathies may be classified as either primary or secondary, on the basis of etiology, or on the pathophysiology of the lesion: hypertrophic, dilated, or restrictive. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I30-I52/I42-/I42 I42 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I30-I52/I42-/I42 cardiomyopathy Bleeding into one or both cerebral hemispheres including the basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex. It is often associated with hypertension and craniocerebral trauma. Grace Whah https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1163977-overview#:~:text=Nontraumatic%20intracerebral%20hemorrhage%20most%20commonly,cold%20exposure)%2C%20rupture%20of%20an I61 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I60-I69/I61-/I61 nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage diseases of the blood vessels in the brain Grace Whah https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebrovascular_disease I67.8 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I60-I69/I67-/I67.8 other specified cerebrovascular diseases Grace Whah I60 - I69 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I60-I69 cerebrovascular disease (process) rare conditions that result in obstruction of one or more arteries that supply blood to the brain Grace Whah https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/neurology_neurosurgery/centers_clinics/cerebrovascular/conditions/cerebrovascular_insufficiency.html#:~:text=Cerebrovascular%20insufficiency%20refers%20to%20a,or%20%22mini%20strokes%22). I67.81 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I60-I69/I67-/I67.81 acute cerebrovascular insufficiency A disorder characterized by a decrease or absence of blood supply to the brain Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I60-I69/I67-/I67.82 I67.82 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I60-I69/I67-/I67.82 cerebral ischemia when a blood clot develops in a blood vessel of the lower extremities and becomes stuck, obstructing blood flow Grace Whah https://www.healthline.com/health/thrombosis-vs-embolism#:~:text=Thrombosis%20occurs%20when%20a%20thrombus,obstructs%20the%20flow%20of%20blood. I82.81 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I80-I89/I82-/I82.81 embolism and thrombosis of superficial veins of lower extremities an acute inflammatory injury of the bronchioles that is usually caused by a viral infection Grace Whah https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/961963-overview#:~:text=Bronchiolitis%20is%20an%20acute%20inflammatory,seen%20in%20the%20image%20below. J21.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J20-J22/J21-/J21.9 acute bronchiolitis, unspecified complications/disorders of the respiratory system that occur during or after a procedure/operation Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J95-J95/J95-/J95 J95 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J95-J95/J95-/J95 intraoperative and postprocedural complications and disorders of respiratory system, not elsewhere classified disease of the bronchus Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J96-J99/J98-/J98.0 J98.0 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J96-J99/J98-/J98.0 diseases of bronchus, not elsewhere classified respiratory disorder as a result of another disorder found elsewhere in the body Grace Whah https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/J99.8 J99.8 https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/J99.8 respiratory disorders in other diseases classified elsewhere any disturbance of liver function that causes illness. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K70-K77/K76-/K76.9 K76.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K70-K77/K76-/K76.9 liver disease, unspecified A disorder characterized by marked pain in the back region. Grace Whah https://www.dorsalhealth.com/blog/what-is-dorsalgia-causes-treatment M54 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M50-M54/M54-/M54 dorsalgia a heart defect in which there are holes between the chambers of the right and left sides of the heart, and the valves that control the flow of blood between these chambers may not be formed correctly. Grace Whah AVSD https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/heartdefects/avsd.html#:~:text=An%20atrioventricular%20septal%20defect%20(AVSD,may%20not%20be%20formed%20correctly. Q21.2 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Q00-Q99/Q20-Q28/Q21-/Q21.2 atrioventricular septal defect Grace Whah Q00 - Q99 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Q00-Q99 congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities pain occuring in the throat and chest of the patient Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R00-R09/R07-/R07 R07 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R00-R09/R07-/R07 pain in throat and chest inability or refusal to swallow. Grace Whah https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphagia#Causes R13.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R10-R19/R13-/R13.0 aphagia symptoms that have to do with food/fluid intake Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R63-/R63 R63 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R63-/R63 symptoms and signs concerning food and fluid intake difficulty feeding oneself Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R63-/R63.3 R63.3 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R63-/R63.3 feeding difficulties wound on head that is open Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S00-S09/S01-/S01 S01 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S00-S09/S01-/S01 open wound of head fracture or break on ribs, sternum and thoracic spine Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S20-S29/S22-/S22 S22 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S20-S29/S22-/S22 fracture of rib(s), sternum and thoracic spine fracture or break on shoulder or upper arm Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S40-S49/S42-/S42 S42 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S40-S49/S42-/S42 fracture of shoulder and upper arm infection or inflammation due to the implementation of cardiac/vascular devices, implants, and grafts Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T80-T88/T82-/T82.7 T82.7 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T80-T88/T82-/T82.7 infection and inflammatory reaction due to other cardiac and vascular devices, implants and grafts other complications due to implementation of cardiac/vascular devices, implaces, grafts Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T80-T88/T82-/T82.8 T82.8 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T80-T88/T82-/T82.8 other specified complications of cardiac and vascular prosthetic devices, implants and grafts observation by doctors of suspected myocardial infarction (heart attack) Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/search?s=Z03.4 Z03.4 https://www.icd10data.com/search?s=Z03.4 observation for suspected myocardial infarction normal doctors appointment to ensure healthy supervised pregnancy Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z30-Z39/Z34-/Z34 Z34 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z30-Z39/Z34-/Z34 encounter for supervision of normal pregnancy healthy person (family, friend) staying with a sick patient Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z69-Z76/Z76-/Z76.3 Z76.3 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z69-Z76/Z76-/Z76.3 healthy person accompanying sick person other specified health condition/status not coded for Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z78-/Z78.9 Z78.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z78-/Z78.9 other specified health status history of infectious or parasitic diseases Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z86-/Z86.1 Z86.1 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z86-/Z86.1 personal history of infectious and parasitic diseases removal of organ (surgery/injury) Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z90-/Z90 Z90 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z90-/Z90 acquired absence of organs, not elsewhere classified patient has vascular implants/grafts Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z95-/Z95.828 Z95.828 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z95-/Z95.828 presence of other vascular implants and grafts presence of breast implant Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z98-/Z98.82 Z98.8 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z98-/Z98.82 breast implant status cancerous tumor on skin of lip Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C43-C44/C44-/C44.0 C44.0 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C43-C44/C44-/C44.0 other and unspecified malignant neoplasm of skin of lip A disorder affecting the cranial nerves or the peripheral nervous system. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G60-G65/G62-/G62.9 G62.9 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G60-G65/G62-/G62.9 polyneuropathy, unspecified cognitive decline following cerebrovascular disease (disease of blood vessels in the brain) Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I60-I69/I69-/I69.91 I69.91 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I60-I69/I69-/I69.91 cognitive deficits following unspecified cerebrovascular disease A nonspecific hypersensitivity reaction caused by trauma causing pericardial effusion; high titers of anti-heart antibodies; low-grade fever; lethargy; loss of appetite; or abdominal pain. Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I95-I99/I97-/I97.0 I97.0 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I95-I99/I97-/I97.0 postcardiotomy syndrome heart muscle's pump function is reduced following heart surgery Grace Whah https://www.cardiosecur.com/magazine/specialist-articles-on-the-heart/cardiac-insufficiency-heart-failure#:~:text=Cardiac%20insufficiency%2C%20more%20commonly%20known,of%20blood%20throughout%20the%20body. I97.110 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I95-I99/I97-/I97.110 postprocedural cardiac insufficiency following cardiac surgery heart failure following heart surgery Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I95-I99/I97-/I97.130 I97.130 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I95-I99/I97-/I97.130 postprocedural heart failure following cardiac surgery general cardiac funciton abnormalities following heart surgery Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I95-I99/I97-/I97.190 I97.190 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I95-I99/I97-/I97.190 other postprocedural cardiac functional disturbances following cardiac surgery a condition that results in the inability to effectively exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen, and induces chronically low oxygen levels or chronically high carbon dioxide levels, unspecified which Grace Whah https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/chronic-respiratory-failure#:~:text=Chronic%20respiratory%20failure%20is%20a,chronically%20high%20carbon%20dioxide%20levels. J96.10 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J96-J99/J96-/J96.10 chronic respiratory failure, unspecified whether with hypoxia or hypercapnia a skin condition that causes a dark discoloration in body folds and creases. It typically affects the armpits, groin and neck. Grace Whah https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/acanthosis-nigricans/symptoms-causes/syc-20368983#:~:text=Acanthosis%20nigricans%20is%20a%20skin,affected%20skin%20can%20become%20thickened. L83 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L80-L99/L83-/L83 acanthosis nigricans injuries to skin on back and underlying tissue resulting from prolonged pressure on the skin. Grace Whah bedsores https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bed-sores/symptoms-causes/syc-20355893 L89.10 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L80-L99/L89-/L89.10 pressure ulcer of unspecified part of back disease of the joints found in other diseases, multiple locations Grace Whah https://www.disnola.com/what-is-arthropathy/#:~:text=Arthropathy%20means%20any%20disease%20of,as%20rheumatoid%20arthritis%20and%20osteoarthritis. M14.89 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M05-M14/M14-/M14.89 arthropathies in other specified diseases classified elsewhere, multiple sites supervision of a pregnancy in a woman who has delivered 5 or more infants who has achieved a gestational age of 24+ weeks Grace Whah https://patient.info/doctor/gravidity-and-parity-definitions-and-their-implications-in-risk-assessment#:~:text=A%20grand%20multipara%20is%20a,pregnant%20five%20times%20or%20more. O09.4 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O09-O09/O09-/O09.4 supervision of pregnancy with grand multiparity complication in mechanical design.function of internal and external prosthetic devices, implants and grafts Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T80-T88/T85-/T85.6 T85.6 Non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T80-T88/T85-/T85.6 mechanical complication of other specified internal and external prosthetic devices, implants and grafts cancerous tumor of the eye Grace Whah http://www.icd9data.com/2015/Volume1/140-239/190-199/190/190.htm?__hstc=93424706.0924cc95575484610bd29b86124947dc.1603072069548.1605584482533.1606196534170.7&__hssc=93424706.247.1606196534170&__hsfp=3629513924 190 Non-billable http://www.icd9data.com/2015/Volume1/140-239/190-199/190/190.htm?__hstc=93424706.0924cc95575484610bd29b86124947dc.1603072069548.1605584482533.1606196534170.7&__hssc=93424706.247.1606196534170&__hsfp=3629513924 malignant neoplasm of eye cancerous tumors within parts of the nervous system Grace Whah http://www.icd9data.com/2015/Volume1/140-239/190-199/192/192.htm?__hstc=93424706.0924cc95575484610bd29b86124947dc.1603072069548.1605584482533.1606196534170.7&__hssc=93424706.249.1606196534170&__hsfp=3629513924 192 Non-billable http://www.icd9data.com/2015/Volume1/140-239/190-199/192/192.htm?__hstc=93424706.0924cc95575484610bd29b86124947dc.1603072069548.1605584482533.1606196534170.7&__hssc=93424706.249.1606196534170&__hsfp=3629513924 malignant neoplasm of other and unspecified parts of nervous system a sample of tissue taken from the external ear in order to examine it more closely. Grace Whah https://www.webmd.com/cancer/what-is-a-biopsy#1 1812 https://www.hipaaspace.com/medical_billing/coding/icd-9/procedure/1812 external ear biopsy (Biopsy of external ear) a chronic metabolic disease characterized by structural and functional alterations and interstitial fibrosis without coronary artery disease or hypertension Grace Whah https://academic.oup.com/cardiovascres/article/113/4/389/3061106#:~:text=Metabolic%20cardiomyopathy%20is%20a%20chronic,coronary%20artery%20disease%20or%20hypertension. 4257 https://dexur.com/icd9/4257/ nutritional and metabolic cardiomyopathy Mucositis is painful inflammation or ulceration of the mucous membranes anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract. Stomatitis (oral mucositis) refers to inflammation and ulceration that occur in the mouth. Grace Whah https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2743583/#:~:text=Mucositis%20is%20painful%20inflammation%20or,lips%2C%20and%20roof%20or%20floor. 5280 https://dexur.com/icd9/5280/ stomatitis and mucositis (ulcerative) Grace Whah chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (NEW) Grace Whah respiratory failure (NEW) Grace Whah respiratory infections (NEW) Grace Whah J09-J18 Influenza and pneumonia https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18 influeza and pneumonia (NEW) Grace Whah K00-K14 diseases of oral cavity and salivary glands https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K00-K14 diseases of oral cavity and salivary glands (NEW) Grace Whah K35-K38 diseases of appendix https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K35-K38 diseases of appendix (NEW) Grace Whah K40-K46 hernia https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K40-K46 hernia (NEW) Grace Whah K50-K52 noninfective enteritis and colitis https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K50-K52 noninfective enteritis and colitis (NEW) Grace Whah K65-K68 diseases of peritoneum and retroperitoneum https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K65-K68 diseases of peritoneum and retroperitoneum (NEW) Grace Whah K90-K95 other diseases of the digestive system https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K90-K95 other diseases of the digestive system (NEW) Grace Whah H00-H05 disorders of eyelid, lacrimal system and orbit https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H00-H05 disorders of eyelid, lacrimal system and orbit (NEW) Grace Whah H10-H11 disorders of conjunctiva https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H10-H11 disorders of conjunctiva (NEW) Grace Whah H15-H22 disorders of sclera, cornea, iris and ciliary body https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H15-H22 disorders of sclera, cornea, iris and ciliary body (NEW) Grace Whah H25-H28 disorders of lens https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H25-H28 disorders of lens (NEW) Grace Whah H30-H36 disorders of choroid and retina https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H30-H36 disorders of choroid and retina (NEW) Grace Whah H40-H42 glaucoma https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H40-H42 glaucoma (NEW) Grace Whah H43-H44 disorders of vitreous body and globe https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H43-H44 disorders of vitreous body and globe (NEW) Grace Whah H46-H47 disorders of optic nerve and visual pathways https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H46-H47 disorders of optic nerve and visual pathways (NEW) Grace Whah H49-H52 Disorders of ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H49-H52 disorders of ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction (NEW) Grace Whah H53-H54 visual disturbances and blindness https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H53-H54 visual disturbances and blindness (NEW) Grace Whah H55-H57 other disorders of eye and adnexa https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H55-H57 other disorders of eye and adnexa (NEW) Grace Whah H59-H59 intraoperative and postprocedural complications and disorders of eye and adnexa, not elsewhere classified https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H59-H59 intraoperative and postprocedural complications and disorders of eye and adnexa, not elsewhere classified (NEW) Grace Whah I00-I02 acute rheumatic fever https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I00-I02 acute rheumatic fever (NEW) Grace Whah I05-I09 chronic rheumatic heart diseases https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I05-I09 chronic rheumatic heart diseases (NEW) Grace Whah I10-I16 hypertensive diseases https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I10-I16 hypertensive diseases (NEW) Grace Whah Q00-Q07 congential malformations of the nervous system https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Q00-Q99/Q00-Q07 congenital malformations of the nervous system (NEW) Grace Whah Q10-Q18 congenital malformations of eye, ear, face and neck https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Q00-Q99/Q10-Q18 congenital malformations of eye, ear, face and neck (NEW) Grace Whah Q20-Q28 congenital malformations of the circulatory system https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Q00-Q99/Q20-Q28 congenital malformations of the circulatory system (NEW) Grace Whah Q30-Q34 congenital malformations of the respiratory system https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Q00-Q99/Q30-Q34 congenital malformations of the respiratory system (NEW) Grace Whah Q35-Q37 cleft lip and cleft palate https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Q00-Q99/Q35-Q37 cleft lip and cleft palate (NEW) Grace Whah Q38-Q45 other congenital malformations of the digestive system https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Q00-Q99/Q38-Q45 other congenital malformations of the digestive system (NEW) Grace Whah Q50-Q56 congenital malformations of genital organs https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Q00-Q99/Q50-Q56 congenital malformations of genital organs (NEW) Grace Whah Q60-Q64 congenital malformations of the urinary system https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Q00-Q99/Q60-Q64 congenital malformations of the urinary system (NEW) Grace Whah Q65-Q79 congenital malformations and deformations of the musculoskeletal system https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Q00-Q99/Q65-Q79 congenital malformations and deformations of the musculoskeletal system (NEW) Grace Whah Q80-Q89 other congenital malformations https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Q00-Q99/Q80-Q89 other congenital malformations (NEW) Grace Whah Q90-Q99 chromosomal abnormalities, not elsewhere classified https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Q00-Q99/Q90-Q99 chromosomal abnormalities, not elsewhere classified (NEW) Grace Whah L00-L08 infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L00-L08v infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (NEW) Grace Whah L10-L14 bullous disorders https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L10-L14 bullous disorders (NEW) Grace Whah L20-L30 dermatitis and eczema https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L20-L30 dermatitis and eczema (NEW) Grace Whah L40-L45 papulosquamous disorders https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L40-L45 papulosquamous disorders (NEW) Grace Whah L49-L54 urticaria and erythema https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L49-L54 urticaria and erythema (NEW) Grace Whah L55-L59 radiation-related disorders of the skin and subcutaneous tissue https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L55-L59 radiation-related disorders of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (NEW) Grace Whah L60-L75 disorders of skin appendages https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L60-L75 disorders of skin appendages (NEW) Grace Whah L76-L76 intraoperative and postprocedural complications of skin and subcutaneous tissue https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L76-L76 intraoperative and postprocedural complications of skin and subcutaneous tissue (NEW) Grace Whah L80-L99 other disorders of the skin and subcutaneous tissue https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L80-L99 other disorders of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (NEW) Grace Whah E00-E89 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89 endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (NEW) Grace Whah E00-E07 disorders of thyroid gland https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E00-E07 disorders of thyroid gland (NEW) Grace Whah E08-E13 diabetes mellitus https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E08-E13 diabetes mellitus (NEW) Grace Whah E15-E16 other disorders of glucose regulation and pancreatic internal secretion https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E15-E16 other disorders of glucose regulation and pancreatic internal secretion (NEW) Grace Whah E20-E35 disorders of other endocrine glands https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E20-E35 disorders of other endocrine glands (NEW) Grace Whah E36-E36 Intraoperative complications of endocrine system https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E36-E36 intraoperative complications of endocrine system (NEW) Grace Whah E40-E46 Malnutrition https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E40-E46 malnutrition (NEW) Grace Whah E50-E64 Other nutritional deficiencies https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E50-E64 other nutritional deficiencies (NEW) Grace Whah E65-E68 Overweight, obesity and other hyperalimentation https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E65-E68 overweight, obesity and other hyperalimentation (NEW) Grace Whah E70-E88 Metabolic disorders https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E70-E88 metabolic disorders (NEW) Grace Whah E89-E89 Postprocedural endocrine and metabolic complications and disorders, not elsewhere classified https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89 postprocedural endocrine and metabolic complications and disorders, not elsewhere classified (NEW) H60.300 H60.3 other infective otitis externa DP 感染性外耳炎，其他的 H60.400 H60.4 cholesteatoma of external ear cholesteatoma of external ear DP 外耳胆脂瘤 H61.100 H61.1 noninfective disorders of pinna noninfective DP of pinna 耳郭非感染性疾患病程 H61.800 H61.8 other specified disorders of external ear DP 外耳其他特指的疾患 H62 disorders of external ear in diseases classified elsewhere DP 分类于他处的的外耳疾患 A46† H62.0 Otitis externa in erysipelas otitis externa in bacterial diseases classified elsewhere DP B00.1† B02.8† Otitis externa in herpesviral [herpes simplex] infection H62.1 Otitis externa in zoster otitis externa in viral diseases classified elsewhere DP B36.9† B37.2† B44.8† H62.2 otitis externa in mycoses Otitis externa in aspergillosis Otitis externa in candidiasis Otomycosis NOS otitis externa in mycoses DP 真菌性外耳炎 H62.3 otitis externa in other infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere DP H62.4 L01.-† Otitis externa in impetigo otitis externa in other diseases classified elsewhere DP H62.8 other disorders of external ear in diseases classified elsewhere DP 1B70.01 erysipelas of external ear erysipelas of external ear DP 外耳丹毒 1F20.10 aspergillus otomycosis  aspergillus otomycosis DP 曲霉菌真菌病 1F23.16  candida otomycosis candida otomycosis DP 念珠菌属真菌病 H60.100 AA01 H60.1 cellulitis of external ear cellulitis of external ear DP 外耳蜂窝织炎病程 H60.200 AA02 H60.2 malignant otitis externa malignant otitis externa DP 恶性外耳炎 AA03  otomycosis otomycosis DP 耳真菌病 H61.000 AA04 H61.0 perichondritis of external ear perichondritis of external ear DP 外耳软骨膜炎 AA0Y  other specified infectious diseases of external ear DP 其他特指的外耳感染 AA0Z  Infectious diseases of external ear, unspecified Infectious DP of external ear, unspecified 耳廓感染，未特指的 AA10  seborrhoeic otitis externa DP seborrhoeic otitis externa DP 外耳脂溢性皮炎 H60.500 AA11 H60.5 acute noninfectious otitis externa acute otitis externa, noninfective DP acute noninfectious otitis externa DP 急性非感染性耳炎 AA12 chondrodermatitis nodularis chondrodermatitis nodularis DP 结节性软骨皮炎病程 H60.801 AA13 chronic otitis externa chronic otitis externa DP 慢性外耳炎 AA1Y  other specified noninfectious inflammation of external ear DP 其他特指的非感染性外耳炎症 AA1Z Noninfectious inflammation of external ear, unspecified Noninfectious inflammation of external ear, unspecified DP 外耳非感染性炎症，未特指的 AA3Z  otitis externa, unspecified otitis externa, unspecified DP 外耳炎，未特指的 AA40 acquired deformity of external auditory canal acquired deformity of external auditory canal DP 获得性外耳道畸形 H61.802 AA40.0 H61.8 exostosis of external canal exostosis of external canal DP 外耳道外生骨疣 H61.300 AA40.1 H61.3 acquired stenosis of external auditory canal acquired stenosis of external auditory canal DP 后天性外耳道狭窄 AA40.2 H60.4  cholesteatoma of external auditory canal cholesteatoma of external auditory canal DP 外耳道胆脂瘤 AA40.Y other specified acquired deformity of external auditory canal DP 其他特指的获得性外耳道畸形 AA41  acquired deformity of pinna 后天性耳廓畸形 acquired deformity of pinna DP 获得性耳廓畸形 Cauliflower ear AA41.0  cauliflower ear DP 菜花耳 AA41.Y  other specified acquired deformity of pinna DP 其他特指的获得性耳廓畸形 H61.200 AA42 H61.2 impacted cerumen impacted cerumen DP 耵聍栓塞 AA4Y other specified noninflammatory disorders of the external ear DP 其他特指的外耳非感染性疾患 AA4Z noninflammatory disorders of the external ear, unspecified noninflammatory DP of the external ear, unspecified 外耳非感染性疾患，未特指的 H61.900 AA6Z  H61.9 diseases of external ear, unspecified external ear, unspecified DP 耳廓疾病病程，未特指的 EE60.00 ear-lobe keloid ear-lobe keloid DP 耳垂瘢痕瘤病程 EG40  contact dermatitis of external ear contact dermatitis of external ear DP 外耳接触性皮炎 H60.401 granuloma of external ear granuloma of external ear DP 外耳肉芽肿 H60.402 obstructive keratosis of external ear obstructive keratosis of external ear DP 外耳阻塞性角化病程 H61.806 external ear canal cyst external ear canal cyst DP 外耳道囊肿 H60.301 hemorrhagic otitis externa hemorrhagic otitis externa DP 出血性外耳炎 H60.302 diffuse otitis externa diffuse otitis externa DP 弥漫性外耳炎 H60.303 swimmer's ear beach ear DP swimmer's ear DP 游泳者耳病 H60.403 granuloma of external ear canal granuloma of external ear canal DP 外耳道肉芽肿 H60.501 H60.54 acute eczematoid otitis externa acute eczematoid otitis externa DP 外耳湿疹 H60.502 H60.51 acute actinic otitis externa acute actinic otitis externa DP 急性光化性外耳炎 H60.503 H60.52 acute chemical otitis externa acute chemical otitis externa DP 急性化学性外耳炎 H61.001 chondrodermatitis nodularis chronica helicis chondrodermatitis nodularis chronica helicis DP 慢性结节性耳轮软骨皮炎 H61.002 pinna scar pinna scar DP 耳郭瘢痕病程 H61.101 acquired deformity of external ear acquired deformity of external ear DP 后天性外耳畸形 H61.103 pinna pseudocyst pinna pseudocyst DP 耳郭假性囊肿 H61.104 hematoma ossification behind ear hematoma ossification behind ear DP 耳后血肿骨化 H61.105 pinna tumor pinna tumor DP 耳郭肿物 H61.801 temporomandibular joint external ear canal   hernia temporomandibular joint external ear canal   hernia DP 颞下颌关节外耳道疝 H61.803 external ear fistula external ear fistula DP 外耳瘘 H61.804 external ear canal keratosis external ear canal keratosis DP 外耳道角化症病程 H61.805 external ear canal necrosis external ear canal necrosis DP 外耳道坏死 H61.901 external ear canal tumor external ear canal tumor DP 外耳道肿物 H61.902 acquired external ear canal atresia acquired external ear canal atresia DP 后天性外耳道闭锁 A disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism. disease Albert Goldfain creation date: 2009-06-23T11:53:49Z bodily process A bodily process that is clinically abnormal. Albert Goldfain http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf creation date: 2009-06-23T11:54:29Z pathological bodily process A pathological bodily process in which a canonical anatomical structure becomes a pathological anatomical structure. Albert Goldfain http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bio/ISMB/ISMB_Bio-ontologies.pdf creation date: 2009-07-13T02:17:07Z pathological transformation A pathological bodily process in which matter is reorganized in such a way as to give rise to new pathological formations which take the place of entities existing earlier. Albert Goldfain http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bio/ISMB/ISMB_Bio-ontologies.pdf creation date: 2009-07-13T02:17:24Z pathological derivation TODO: Define. Albert Goldfain http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bio/ISMB/ISMB_Bio-ontologies.pdf creation date: 2009-07-13T02:17:47Z pathological invasion quality (PATO) quality A quality of a single physical entity inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer's size or shape or structure. quality PATO:0000051 morphology 形态学的 A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's relative position, shape, arrangements and connectivity of an organism's various parts; the pattern underlying its form. PATO:0001452 conformation relational structural quality quality PATO:0000141 structure 结构性 A quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having a sudden onset, sharp rise, and short course. quality PATO:0000389 acute 急性 A quality which inheres in an process. PATO:0001239 PATO:0001240 quality of a process quality of occurrent quality of process relational quality of occurrent quality PATO:0001236 See comments of relational quality of a physical entity. process quality A quality which inheres in a continuant. PATO:0001237 PATO:0001238 snap:Quality monadic quality of a continuant multiply inhering quality of a physical entity quality of a continuant quality of a single physical entity quality of an object quality of continuant monadic quality of an object monadic quality of continuant quality PATO:0001241 Relational qualities are qualities that hold between multiple entities. Normal (monadic) qualities such as the shape of a eyeball exist purely as a quality of that eyeball. A relational quality such as sensitivity to light is a quality of that eyeball (and connecting nervous system) as it relates to incoming light waves/particles. physical object quality A process quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's magnitude of the temporal extent between the starting and ending point. PATO:0000081 period quality time PATO:0001309 duration A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being drawn together, compressed or squeezed physically. PATO:0001837 stenosis stenotic stricture quality PATO:0001847 constricted constricted 狭窄的 A duration quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having slow progressive course of indefinite duration. quality PATO:0001863 chronic 慢性 A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's touching another entity. quality contiguous PATO:0001961 contact in contact with 接触性 A structural quality which is held by a bearer when the latter's disposition the presence of abnormally proliferating masses of cells. tumorous quality PATO:0002011 neoplastic neoplastic 肿瘤性 george 2009-06-05T09:16:46Z quality PATO:0002062 physical quality of a process A disposition inhering in a tumour by virtue of the bearer's disposition to progress, invade surrounding tissues or metastasize. george 2009-10-05T12:50:22Z 恶性 quality PATO:0002097 neoplastic, malignant neoplastic, malignant 肿瘤性的，恶性 An exposure event in which a human is exposed to particulate matter in the air. Here the exposure stimulus/stress is the particulate matter, the receptor is the airways and lungs of the human, An exposure event in which a plant is provided with fertilizer. The exposure receptor is the root system of the plant, the stimulus is the fertilizing chemical, the route is via the soil, possibly mediated by symbotic microbes. A process occurring within or in the vicinity of an organism that exerts some causal influence on the organism via the interaction between an exposure stimulus and an exposure receptor. The exposure stimulus may be a process, material entity or condition (for example, lack of nutrients). The exposure receptor can be an organism, organism population or a part of an organism. This class is intended as a grouping for various domain and species-specific exposure classes. The ExO class http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000002 'exposure event' assumes that all exposures involve stressors, which limits the applicability of this class to 'positive' exposures, e.g. exposing a plant to beneficial growing conditions. Chris Mungall cjm 2017-06-05T17:55:39Z exposure event or process https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/pull/173 A material entity consisting of multiple components that are causally integrated. May be replaced by a BFO class, as discussed in http://www.jbiomedsem.com/content/4/1/43 Chris Mungall http://www.jbiomedsem.com/content/4/1/43 system The olfactory organ of vertebrates, consisting of nares, olfactory epithelia and the structures and skeletal framework of the nasal cavity. Organ that is the specialized structure of the face that contains olfactory neurons. The peripheral olfactory organ is paired[ZFA:0000047]. a protuberance in vertebrates that houses the nostrils, or nares, which admit and expel air for respiration in conjunction with the mouth. Behind the nose are the olfactory mucosa and the sinuses. Behind the nasal cavity, air next passes through the pharynx, shared with the digestive system, and then into the rest of the respiratory system. In humans, the nose is located centrally on the face; on most other mammals, it is on the upper tip of the snout[WP]. GO: The nose is the specialized structure of the face that serves as the organ of the sense of smell and as part of the respiratory system. Includes the nasi externus (external nose) and cavitas nasi (nasal cavity)[Wikipedia:Nose]. the organ that is specialized for smell and is part of the respiratory system the structure of the nose varies across vertebrates. In tetrapods the nose is part of the respiratory system.[PMID:25312359] BTO:0000840 CALOHA:TS-2037 EHDAA2:0001274 EHDAA:1502 EMAPA:16542 EV:0100037 EV:0100370 FMA:46472 GAID:77 MA:0000281 MAT:0000139 MESH:D009666 MIAA:0000139 NCIT:C12756 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViCbJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000047 UMLS:C0028429 ZFA:0000047 galen:Nose nasal sac nose peripheral olfactory organ uberon nasus olfactory apparatus proboInOwlscis UBERON:0000004 nose http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Canine-nose.jpg Any portion of the organ that covers that body and consists of a layer of epidermis and a layer of dermis. Note the distinction between the entire skin of the body, of which there is only 1 in an organism, and zones of skin, of which there can be many. Examples: skin of knee (...) it is well-established that neural crest cells contribute to both the dermal skeleton (craniofacial bone, teeth, and the caudal fin rays of teleosts) and the integument, including craniofacial dermis and all pigment cells outside the retina (...).[well established][VHOG] we assume that mouse, HOG and GAID all mean zone of skin when they say skin. We also choose skin as an exact synonym, as it is more intuitive EHDAA2:0001844 EHDAA:6530 EMAPA:17525 EV:0100152 FMA:86166 GAID:933 MA:0000151 MAT:0000284 MESH:D012867 MIAA:0000284 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjX3ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA VHOG:0000860 portion of skin region of skin skin skin region skin zone uberon UBERON:0000014 zone of skin zong of skin 皮肤 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Skin.svg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/HumanSkinDiagram.jpg An organ that is capable of transducing sensory stimulus to the nervous system. AEO:0000094 BSA:0000121 BTO:0000202 CALOHA:TS-2043 EHDAA2:0001824 EHDAA:500 EMAPA:35955 FBbt:00005155 GAID:63 HAO:0000930 MA:0000017 MESH:D012679 NCIT:C33224 UMLS:C0935626 VHOG:0001407 WBbt:0006929 organ of sense organ system organ of sensory organ system organ of sensory system sense organ system organ sensory organ sensory organ system organ sensory system organ sensillum uberon Sinnesorgan sensor UBERON:0000020 sense organ http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Gray722.png Any hollow cylindrical anatomical structure containing a lumen through which substances are transported. not every anatomical conduit is a tube - for example, a bone foramen is an opening in the bone, and there is no distinct separate tube structure. Tubes may transport large mixed objects (for example, a bolus of food in the digestive tube) or they may transport the secretions of a single gland (for example, gland ducts) tubular galen:Tube anatomical tube duct uberon UBERON:0000025 tube The head is the anterior-most division of the body [GO]. Organism subdivision that is the part of the body consisting of the cranial and pharyngeal regions.[AAO] Organism subdivision which is the part of the body which consists of the cranial and pharygeal regions.[TAO] Vertebrate evolution has been characterized by a fresh and vast array of cranial structures that collectively form the head.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010335 AEO:0000106 BILA:0000115 BIRNLEX:1230 BTO:0000282 CALOHA:TS-0436 EFO:0000964 EHDAA2:0003106 EMAPA:31858 FBbt:00000004 FMA:7154 GAID:61 HAO:0000397 MA:0000023 MAT:0000294 MESH:D006257 MIAA:0000294 NCIT:C12419 OpenCyc:Mx4rEOLm4rgPEdmAAAACs6hRjg OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi6YJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA SPD:0000016 TAO:0001114 TGMA:0000002 UMLS:C0018670 VHOG:0001644 WBbt:0005739 XAO:0003024 ZFA:0001114 galen:Head head (volume) adult head uberon cephalic area UBERON:0000033 head multi-tissue structure that is comprised of a secretory epithelial layer (mesothelium) and a connective tissue layer. A multi-tissue structure that is comprised of a secretory epithelial layer and a connective tissue layer.[TAO] a smooth membrane consisting of a thin layer of cells which excrete serous fluid. Serous membranes line and enclose several body cavities, known as serous cavities, where they secrete a lubricating fluid which reduces friction from muscle movement. Serosa is not to be confused with adventitia, a connective tissue layer which binds together structures rather than reducing friction between them. Each serous membrane is composed of a secretory epithelial layer and a connective tissue layer underneath. The epithelial layer, known as mesothelium, consists of a single layer of avascular flat nucleated cells (cuboidal epithelium) which produce the lubricating serous fluid. This fluid has a consistency similar to thin mucus. These cells are bound tightly to the underlying connective tissue. The connective tissue layer provides the blood vessels and nerves for the overlying secretory cells, and also serves as the binding layer which allows the whole serous membrane to adhere to organs and other structures.[WP] in FMA, SM = mesothelium + connective tissue. It excludes the cavity. Serous sac = SM + cavity. Note that the SM is a subtype of wall in FMA. FMA:9581 GAID:19 MESH:D012704 NCIT:C13169 TAO:0005425 UMLS:C0036760 ZFA:0005425 tunica serosa wall of serous sac uberon serosa UBERON:0000042 serous membrane http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Ens.png http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/Ens.png/200px-Ens.png A tubular structure that contains, conveys body fluid, such as blood or lymph. uberon UBERON:0000055 vessel A tubular structure that transports secreted or excreted substances. A tube shaped portion of tissue lined with epithelial cells that collects secretions and routes them to their destination[ZFA:0005171]. Most ducts, but not all, are exocrine gland ducts. Some ontologies classify structures such as the oviduct here. AAO:0011123 FBbt:00100314 FMA:30320 NCIT:C12948 TAO:0005171 UMLS:C0687028 XAO:0004000 ZFA:0005171 galen:Duct anatomical duct exocrine duct exocrine gland duct uberon ducts UBERON:0000058 duct Material anatomical entity that is a single connected structure with inherent 3D shape generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. AAO:0010825 AEO:0000003 BILA:0000003 CARO:0000003 EHDAA2:0003003 EMAPA:0 FBbt:00007001 FMA:305751 FMA:67135 GAID:781 HAO:0000003 MA:0003000 MESH:D000825 TAO:0000037 TGMA:0001823 VHOG:0001759 XAO:0003000 ZFA:0000037 biological structure connected biological structure uberon UBERON:0000061 anatomical structure Anatomical structure that performs a specific function or group of functions [WP]. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions. CARO v1 does not include a generic 'organ' class, only simple and compound organ. CARO v2 may include organ, see https://github.com/obophenotype/caro/issues/4 BIRNLEX:4 CARO:0020004 EFO:0000634 EMAPA:35949 ENVO:01000162 FMA:67498 MA:0003001 NCIT:C13018 OpenCyc:Mx4rv5XMb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA OpenCyc:Mx4rwP3iWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0178784 WBbt:0003760 uberon anatomical unit body organ element UBERON:0000062 organ A part of an organ that constitutes a distinct modular sub-unit. In some cases, the organ may also contain other sub-units of identical or similar types, in other cases this may be a distinct entity. FMA distinguishes segment from zone by whether the fiat boundaries are fixed/anchored (segments) or floating (zone). It's not completely clear how to apply this distinction Organ region with one or more anchored fiat boundaries. Examples: artery, trunk of nerve, cervical part of esophagus, pelvic part of vagina, horn of thyroid cartilage, anterior segment of eyeball. Organ region with one or more fixed or anchored fiat boundaries. Examples: artery, trunk of nerve, cervical part of esophagus, pelvic part of vagina, horn of thyroid cartilage, anterior segment of eyebal. FMA:86140 uberon organ region with fixed fiat boundary organ segment segment of organ UBERON:0000063 organ subunit A multicellular structure that is a part of an organ. currently defined in a very broad sense, may be replaced by more specific classes in the future AAO:0011124 BIRNLEX:16 EFO:0000635 FMA:82472 cardinal organ part uberon regional part of organ UBERON:0000064 organ part Anatomical structure that is part of the respiratory system. In mammals consists of upper and lower tracts EHDAA2:0001606 EHDAA:1568 EHDAA:2219 EMAPA:16737 FMA:265130 OpenCyc:Mx4rvvM--pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA VHOG:0000393 uberon UBERON:0000065 respiratory tract An section of a respiratory tract. MA:0000434 has subclasses upper and lower, so it corresponds to a segment of the tract, rather than the tract as a whole EMAPA:16737 FMA:45660 MA:0000434 uberon respiratory tract subdivision of respiratory tract UBERON:0000072 proximo-distal subdivision of respiratory tract Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements and articular elements that are part of an individual subdivision of the organism. UBERON:0010322 FMA:85544 NCIT:C34076 UMLS:C1519343 galen:ComplexSkeletalStructure skeletal system subdivision uberon skeletal system part UBERON:0000075 subdivision of skeletal system An anatomical structure that develops from the endoderm and the mesoderm. Grouping term for query purposes. Notes that the developmental relationships are being refined such that most structures should develop in whole from at most one layer, but may have contributions from multiple uberon UBERON:0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A fasciculated bundle of neuron projections (GO:0043005), largely or completely lacking synapses. UBERON:0005163 CARO:0001001 FBbt:00005099 NLX:147821 funiculus nerve fiber bundle neural fiber bundle uberon UBERON:0000122 neuron projection bundle Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. This class is probably too inclusive Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO] The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] intestinal In zebrafish, No stomach, small intestine, or large intestine can be distinguished. However, differences can be found in the morphology of the mucosa columnar epithelial cells and the number of goblet cells, suggesting functional differentiation. The intestine has numerous folds that become progressively shorter in a rostral-to-caudal direction. Proportionally, these folds are significantly larger than the finger-like intestinal villi of mammals and other amniotes (Wallace et al. 2005). Columnar-shaped absorptive enterocytes are the most numerous in the zebrafish intestinal epithelium. Goblet cells are the second most populous epithelial cell type. AAO:0000246 ANISEED:1235303 BSA:0000093 BTO:0000648 CALOHA:TS-0490 EFO:0000834 EMAPA:32874 EV:0100071 FMA:7199 GAID:295 MA:0000328 MA:0001524 MESH:A03.492.411 MIAA:0000043 NCIT:C12736 TAO:0001338 UMLS:C0021853 VHOG:0000056 WBbt:0005772 XAO:0000129 ZFA:0001338 galen:Intestine bowel uberon intestinal tract UBERON:0000160 intestine The pair of anatomical structures comprised of a left lung and right lung. FMA:68877 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjKy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA lungs lungs pair pulmones set of lungs uberon UBERON:0000170 pair of lungs Organ that functions in gaseous exchange between an organism and its environment. In plants, microorganisms, and many small animals, air or water makes direct contact with the organism's cells or tissue fluids, and the processes of diffusion supply the organism with dioxygen (O2) and remove carbon dioxide (CO2). In larger animals the efficiency of gaseous exchange is improved by specialized respiratory organs, such as lungs and gills, which are ventilated by breathing mechanisms. EMAPA:17607 SPD:0000428 TGMA:0001247 apparatus respiratorius organ breathing organ organ of apparatus respiratorius organ of respiratory system respiratory organ respiratory system organ uberon gas exchange organ UBERON:0000171 respiration organ A fluid that is composed of blood plasma and erythrocytes. This class excludes blood analogues, such as the insect analog of blood. See UBERON:0000179 haemolymphatic fluid. A complex mixture of cells suspended in a liquid matrix that delivers nutrients to cells and removes wastes. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO] Highly specialized circulating tissue consisting of several types of cells suspended in a fluid medium known as plasma.[AAO] relationship loss: subclass specialized connective tissue (AAO:0000571)[AAO] Recent findings strongly suggest that the molecular pathways involved in the development and function of blood cells are highly conserved among vertebrates and various invertebrates phyla. (...) There is now good reason to believe that, in vertebrates and invertebrates alike, blood cell lineages diverge from a common type of progenitor cell, the hemocytoblast.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0000046 BTO:0000089 CALOHA:TS-0079 EFO:0000296 EHDAA2:0000176 EHDAA:418 EMAPA:16332 ENVO:02000027 EV:0100047 FMA:9670 GAID:965 MA:0000059 MESH:D001769 MIAA:0000315 NCIT:C12434 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjI8JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000007 UMLS:C0005767 VHOG:0000224 XAO:0000124 ZFA:0000007 galen:Blood portion of blood vertebrate blood uberon whole blood UBERON:0000178 blood Circulating fluid that is part of the hemolymphoid system. Blood, lymph, interstitial fluid or its analogs. cjm 2009-04-08T04:38:19Z CARO:0000081 uberon blood or blood analog circulating fluid UBERON:0000179 haemolymphatic fluid The upper ventral region of the torso of an organism. The breasts of a female primate's body contain the mammary glands, which secrete milk used to feed infants. Both men and women develop breasts from the same embryological tissues. However, at puberty female sex hormones, mainly estrogens, promote breast development, which does not happen with men. As a result women's breasts become more prominent than men's. BTO:0000149 CALOHA:TS-2083 EV:0100124 FMA:9601 GAID:33 MESH:D001940 NCIT:C12971 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjV7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0006141 galen:Breast mammary part of chest mammary region uberon mamma UBERON:0000310 breast http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Closeup_of_female_breast.jpg In anatomy, the throat is the anterior part of the neck, in front of the vertebral column. It consists of the pharynx and larynx. An important feature of the throat is the epiglottis, a flap which separates the esophagus from the trachea and prevents inhalation of food or drink. The throat contains various blood vessels, various pharyngeal muscles, the trachea (windpipe) and the esophagus. The hyoid bone and the clavicle are the only bones located in the throat of mammals. It is sometimes considered a synonym for fauces. [WP,unvetted]. gular The hyoid bone and the clavicle are the only bones located in the throat of mammals. BTO:0000828 EMAPA:37973 FMA:228738 NCIT:C54272 OpenCyc:Mx4rwQtO_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0230069 uberon gula UBERON:0000341 throat Throat:Diagram.png A portion of organism substance that is produced by exocrine glands. BTO has two distunct classes, with exocrine glandular secretion a subtype of secretion - however, all examples in BTO directly under secretion appear to be exocrine gland secretions UBERON:0006540 secretion AEO:0001005 BTO:0002977 BTO:0002979 EMAPA:36535 FMA:9675 MA:0002504 MESH:D012634 NCIT:C34062 UMLS:C1516992 galen:Secretion bodily secretion exocrine gland fluid/secretion secreted substance uberon exocrine gland fluid exocrine gland fluid or secretion exocrine gland secretion external secretion UBERON:0000456 secretion of exocrine gland Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body. AAO:0010839 AEO:0000004 BILA:0000004 CALOHA:TS-2101 CARO:0000004 EHDAA2:0003004 EMAPA:35178 FBbt:00007019 FMA:9669 HAO:0000004 MA:0002450 NCIT:C13236 SPD:0000008 TAO:0001487 TGMA:0001824 VHOG:0001726 XAO:0004001 ZFA:0001487 galen:BodySubstance body fluid or substance body substance organism substance portion of body substance portion of organism substance uberon UBERON:0000463 organism substance Anatomical entity that has mass. AAO:0010264 AEO:0000006 BILA:0000006 CARO:0000006 EHDAA2:0003006 FBbt:00007016 FMA:67165 HAO:0000006 TAO:0001836 TGMA:0001826 VHOG:0001721 uberon UBERON:0000465 material anatomical entity Multicellular, connected anatomical structure that has multiple organs as parts and whose parts work together to achieve some shared function. system AAO:0000007 AEO:0000011 BILA:0000011 BIRNLEX:14 BSA:0000049 CALOHA:TS-2088 CARO:0000011 EHDAA2:0003011 EHDAA:392 EMAPA:16103 EV:0100000 FBbt:00004856 FMA:7149 HAO:0000011 MA:0000003 NCIT:C12919 OpenCyc:Mx4rCWM0QCtDEdyAAADggVbxzQ TAO:0001439 TGMA:0001831 UMLS:C0460002 VHOG:0001725 WBbt:0005746 WBbt:0005763 XAO:0003002 ZFA:0001439 galen:AnatomicalSystem body system connected anatomical system organ system uberon anatomical systems UBERON:0000467 anatomical system Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of more than one cell. TODO - split body and mc organism? body continues after death stage organismal organism AAO:0010026 AEO:0000191 BILA:0000012 BIRNLEX:18 BSA:0000038 BTO:0000042 CARO:0000012 EFO:0002906 EHDAA2:0003103 EHDAA2:0003191 EHDAA:1 EMAPA:25765 EV:0100016 FBbt:00000001 FMA:256135 HAO:0000012 NCIT:C13041 TADS:0000001 TAO:0001094 TGMA:0001832 VHOG:0000671 WBbt:0007833 XAO:0003004 ZFA:0001094 galen:Organism ncithesaurus:Whole_Organism multi-cellular organism animal uberon Koerper body whole body whole organism UBERON:0000468 multicellular organism Anatomical structure which is a subdivision of a whole organism, consisting of components of multiple anatomical systems, largely surrounded by a contiguous region of integument. Reflects CARO2. todo - check the inclusion of FMA 'cardinal body part here', and check child terms for consistency AAO:0010053 AEO:0000032 BILA:0000032 BIRNLEX:7 CALOHA:TS-2084 CARO:0000032 EFO:0000808 EHDAA2:0003032 EMAPA:36031 FBbt:00007009 FMA:7153 HAO:0000032 MA:0002433 MAT:0000293 MESH:D001829 MIAA:0000293 NCIT:C32221 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViAHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001308 TGMA:0001840 UMLS:C0229962 VHOG:0001758 XAO:0003013 ZFA:0001308 galen:BodyPart anatomic region uberon body part body region cardinal body part UBERON:0000475 organism subdivision Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another. Will be obsoleted in CARO v2 [https://github.com/obophenotype/caro/issues/3] AAO:0010009 AEO:0000041 BILA:0000041 CARO:0000041 EHDAA2:0003041 FBbt:00007277 FMA:49443 HAO:0000041 TADS:0000605 TAO:0001478 TGMA:0001842 VHOG:0001737 XAO:0003160 ZFA:0001478 uberon UBERON:0000477 anatomical cluster Multicellular anatomical structure that consists of many cells of one or a few types, arranged in an extracellular matrix such that their long-range organisation is at least partly a repetition of their short-range organisation. changed label and definition to reflect CARO2 AAO:0000607 AAO:0010054 AEO:0000043 BILA:0000043 BIRNLEX:19 CALOHA:TS-2090 CARO:0000043 EHDAA2:0003043 EMAPA:35868 FBbt:00007003 FMA:9637 HAO:0000043 MA:0003002 MESH:D014024 NCIT:C12801 TAO:0001477 TGMA:0001844 UMLS:C0040300 VHOG:0001757 WBbt:0005729 XAO:0003040 ZFA:0001477 galen:Tissue portion of tissue tissue portion simple tissue uberon UBERON:0000479 tissue Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types. AAO:0010048 AEO:0000055 BILA:0000055 CARO:0000055 EHDAA2:0003055 FBbt:00007010 HAO:0000055 TAO:0001488 TGMA:0001847 VHOG:0001762 XAO:0003037 ZFA:0001488 uberon multi-tissue structures UBERON:0000481 multi-tissue structure Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces. this class was introduced for consistency with CARO, however, it has yet to be used in this or other ontologies. It may be retired in the future AAO:0010016 AEO:0000072 BILA:0000072 CARO:0000072 EHDAA2:0003072 FMA:55671 HAO:0000072 TAO:0001490 TGMA:0001857 VHOG:0001730 XAO:0003165 ZFA:0001490 cavitated organ uberon cavitated compound organs UBERON:0000489 cavitated compound organ An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium. Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO] It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG] We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa AAO:0000579 ANISEED:1235297 BTO:0001307 CALOHA:TS-0980 EFO:0000837 EHDAA2:0001915 EHDAA:2993 EMAPA:17021 EV:0100070 FMA:7148 GAID:293 MA:0000353 MAT:0000051 MESH:A03.492.766 MIAA:0000051 NCIT:C12391 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjlqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0002121 UMLS:C0038351 VHOG:0000408 XAO:0000128 galen:Stomach stomach chamber uberon anterior intestine gaster mesenteron ventriculus UBERON:0000945 stomach Stomach:diagram.svg A myogenic muscular circulatory organ found in the vertebrate cardiovascular system composed of chambers of cardiac muscle. It is the primary circulatory organ. Blood pumping organ composed of four chambers: sinus venosus, atrium, cardiac ventricle and bulbus arteriosus.[TAO] Part of the circulatory system responsible for pumping blood; composed of three chambers--two atria and one ventricle.[AAO] relationship type change: differentiates_from lateral plate mesoderm (AAO:0010574) CHANGED TO: develops_from lateral plate mesoderm (UBERON:0003081)[AAO] As noted, the hearts of birds and mammals have four chambers that arises from the two chambers (atrium and ventricle) of the fish heart.[well established][VHOG] cardiac AAO:0010210 BILA:0000020 BTO:0000562 CALOHA:TS-0445 EFO:0000815 EHDAA2:0000738 EHDAA:420 EMAPA:16105 EV:0100018 FMA:7088 GAID:174 MA:0000072 MAT:0000036 MESH:D006321 MIAA:0000036 NCIT:C12727 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjvDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000114 UMLS:C0018787 VHOG:0000276 XAO:0000064 ZFA:0000114 galen:Heart chambered heart vertebrate heart branchial heart uberon Herz@de cardium UBERON:0000948 Taxon notes:" the ascidian tube-like heart lacks chambers....The ascidian heart is formed after metamorphosis as a simple tube-like structure with a single-layered myoepithelium that is continuous with a single-layered pericar- dial wall. It lacks chambers and endocardium.... The innovation of the chambered heart was a key event in vertebrate evolution, because the chambered heart generates one-way blood flow with high pressure, a critical requirement for the efficient blood supply of large-body vertebrates... all extant vertebrates have hearts with two or more chambers (Moorman and Christoffels 2003)" DOI:10.1101/gad.1485706 heart The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals. Some primitive animals such as jellyfish and starfish have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while sponges lack any nervous system at all. In vertebrates, the brain is located in the head, protected by the skull and close to the primary sensory apparatus of vision, hearing, balance, taste, and smell[WP]. requires review for applicability to invertebrate structures, e.g. synganglion Cavitated compound organ which is comprised of gray and white matter and surrounds the cerebral ventricular system.[TAO] Part of the central nervous system situated within the cranium and composed of both nerve cell bodies and nerve fibers.[AAO] The part of the central nervous system contained within the cranium, comprising the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain, and metencephalon. It is derived from the anterior part of the embryonic neural tube (or the encephalon). Does not include retina. (CUMBO) (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...) (reference 1); The neural tube is destined to differentiate into the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010478 ABA:Brain BAMS:Br BAMS:Brain BILA:0000135 BIRNLEX:796 BTO:0000142 CALOHA:TS-0095 DHBA:10155 EFO:0000302 EHDAA2:0000183 EHDAA:2641 EHDAA:6485 EMAPA:16894 EV:0100164 FBbt:00005095 FMA:50801 GAID:571 HBA:4005 MA:0000168 MAT:0000098 MBA:8 MBA:997 MESH:D001921 MIAA:0000098 NCIT:C12439 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjT65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA PBA:3999 TAO:0000008 UMLS:C0006104 UMLS:C1269537 VHOG:0000157 XAO:0000010 ZFA:0000008 galen:Brain http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=21 uberon encephalon suprasegmental levels of nervous system suprasegmental structures synganglion the brain UBERON:0000955 brain An organ that detects light. This class encompasses a variety of light-detecting structures from different phyla with no implication of homology, from the compound insect eye to the vertebrate camera-type eye (distinct classes are provided for each) ocular optic Note that whilst this is classified as an organ, it is in fact more of a unit composed of different structures: in Drosophila, it includes the interommatidial bristle as a part; we consider here the vertebrate eye to include the eyeball/eye proper as a part, with the eye having as parts (when present): eyelids, conjuctiva, BILA:0000017 BTO:0000439 CALOHA:TS-0309 EFO:0000827 EV:0100336 FBbt:00005162 GAID:69 MAT:0000140 MESH:D005123 MIAA:0000140 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViTvpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA uberon light-detecting organ visual apparatus UBERON:0000970 eye The invaginated serous membrane that surrounds the lungs (the visceral portion) and lines the walls of the pleural cavity (parietal portion). The serous membrane that covers the lungs and lines the pleural cavity. [Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL, The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.264][VHOG] pleural In MA, is_a cavity lining (which we equate to parietal). In FMA, is_a (viscous) serous membrane (which includes mesothelium plus connective tissue). Note the MA structure should probably be associated with the mesothelium of pleura in FMA. JB/EHDAA2 argues the term 'pleura' is best used for the mesothelial lining (thus excluding connective tissue). See https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/86 BTO:0001791 CALOHA:TS-2081 EFO:0001980 EMAPA:16775 EV:0100044 FMA:9583 GAID:360 MA:0000433 MESH:D010994 NCIT:C12469 OpenCyc:Mx4rv3zwLZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0032225 VHOG:0000394 wall of pleural sac uberon pleura pleural tissue UBERON:0000977 pleura http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Gray965.png The portion of the hindlimb that contains both the stylopod and zeugopod. Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG] The term leg can mean: [1] an appendage on which an animal walks [2] the entire hindlimb of a tetrapod [3] the segment of a human leg between knee and ankle (cf FMA) [4] the region of a hindlimb include the stylopod and zeugopod, but excluding the autopod. We define this class as [4], and thus 'leg' is compltely analagous to 'arm'. For [1], see the class 'locomotive weight-bearing appendage'. For [2] we use 'hindlimb'. For BTO:0000721 CALOHA:TS-2206 EFO:0001411 EHDAA2:0000972 EHDAA:5151 EHDAA:6176 EHDAA:8289 EMAPA:17489 GAID:49 MA:0000047 MESH:D035002 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViYzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA VHOG:0000345 tetrapod leg uberon lower extremity UBERON:0000978 we use the less open to misinterpretation 'hindlimb zeugopod'. Editor note: currently declared as overlapping foot, as AOs disagree over whether some ankle parts are in the leg or foot leg Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent skeletal structures, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue[VSAO]. Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue.[VSAO] Anatomical cluster which consists of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue.[TAO] articulation joint AEO:0000182 BTO:0001686 CALOHA:TS-2023 EFO:0000948 EMAPA:35456 FMA:7490 GAID:102 MA:0000319 MAT:0000188 MESH:D007596 MIAA:0000188 NCIT:C13044 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjjdpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003182 TAO:0000367 UMLS:C0022417 VHOG:0001276 VSAO:0000101 XAO:0000171 ZFA:0001596 galen:Joint uberon articular joint joints UBERON:0000982 skeletal joint the female muscular organ of gestation in which the developing embryo or fetus is nourished until birth The hollow muscular organ in female mammals in which the blastocyst normally becomes embedded and in which the developing embryo and fetus is nourished. Its cavity opens into the vagina below and into a uterine tube on either side. [TFD][VHOG] An infundibulum, uterine tube, uterus, and vagina also differentiate along the oviducts of eutherian mammals.[well established][VHOG] uterine Most animals that lay eggs, such as birds and reptiles, have an oviduct instead of a uterus. In monotremes, mammals which lay eggs and include the platypus, either the term uterus or oviduct is used to describe the same organ, but the egg does not develop a placenta within the mother and thus does not receive further nourishment after formation and fertilization. Marsupials have two uteruses, each of which connect to a lateral vagina and which both use a third, middle 'vagina' which functions as the birth canal. Marsupial embryos form a choriovitelline 'placenta' (which can be thought of as something between a monotreme egg and a 'true' placenta), in which the egg's yolk sac supplies a large part of the embryo's nutrition but also attaches to the uterine wall and takes nutrients from the mother's bloodstream. Two uteruses usually form initially in a female fetus, and in placental mammals they may partially or completely fuse into a single uterus depending on the species. In many species with two uteruses, only one is functional. Humans and other higher primates such as chimpanzees, along with horses, usually have a single completely fused uterus, although in some individuals the uteruses may not have completely fused [Wikipedia:Uterus] BTO:0001424 CALOHA:TS-1102 EFO:0000975 EMAPA:29915 EV:0100113 FMA:17558 GAID:172 MA:0000389 MAT:0000127 MESH:D014599 MIAA:0000127 NCIT:C12405 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViojJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0042149 VHOG:0001137 galen:Uterus uberon UBERON:0000995 uterus Female:anatomy.png http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Female_reproductive_system_lateral_nolabel.png Functional system which consists of structures involved in respiration. The anatomical system in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the organism and its environment.[AAO] There is no doubt that the primitive pattern of vertebrate air-breathing is the buccal pulse pump found in actinopterygian fishes.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0000541 BTO:0000203 CALOHA:TS-1319 EFO:0000804 EHDAA2:0001604 EHDAA:2203 EMAPA:16727 EV:0100036 FMA:7158 GAID:78 MA:0000327 MAT:0000030 MESH:D012137 MIAA:0000030 NCIT:C12779 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjzFJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000272 UMLS:C0035237 VHOG:0000202 XAO:0000117 ZFA:0000272 apparatus respiratorius respiratory system uberon Atmungssystem apparatus respiratorius systema respiratorium UBERON:0001004 respiratory system http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Respiratory_system_complete_en.svg An airway through which respiratory air passes in organisms. This class generically groups trachea and analagous structures throughout metazoa. Consider renaming, as the term could be taken to mean lumen of tracheal system (e.g. in SNOMED). As a grouping class this is quite vague, as it is not clear where the airway begins and ends airway airways FMA:265130 uberon UBERON:0001005 respiratory airway Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs devoted to the ingestion, digestion, and assimilation of food and the discharge of residual wastes. An anatomical system consisting of the alimentary canal and digestive glands responsible for intake, absorption, digestion and excretion of food.[AAO] digestive many anatomy ontologies consider gastrointestinal system synonymous with digestive system. here we follow MA in dividing digestive system into gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary. hepatobiliary includes the liver and biliary tract. species-specific AO classes are categorized according to whether liver is included. For example, XAO includes liver as part of XAO:0000125 alimentary system, so we assume this class is the more generic class AAO:0000129 BILA:0000082 BTO:0000058 CALOHA:TS-1293 EFO:0000793 EV:0100056 FBbt:00005055 FMA:7152 GAID:278 MA:0002431 MAT:0000018 MESH:D004064 MIAA:0000018 TADS:0000170 TAO:0000339 WBbt:0005748 XAO:0000125 ZFA:0000339 galen:DigestiveSystem ncithesaurus:Digestive_System uberon alimentary system alimentary tract gastrointestinal system gut UBERON:0001007 digestive system organ system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis[WP]. the cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system are parts of the circulatory system Anatomical system of ion binding, a pumping mechanism, and an efficient vascular system; consisting of the blood, heart, and blood and lymph vessels, respectively.[AAO] We should divest ourselves of the view that earlier vertebrate groups were 'on their way' to becoming mammals, as clearly they were not such visionaries. Neither were their systems 'imperfect' as earlier anatomists thought. Instead, their circulatory systems served them well to address the ecological demands arising from their lifestyles.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0000959 CALOHA:TS-2103 FBbt:00005057 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjzG5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA VHOG:0001248 uberon systema cardiovasculare UBERON:0001009 circulatory system http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Circulatory_System_en.svg The nervous system is an organ system containing predominantly neuron and glial cells. In bilaterally symmetrical organism, it is arranged in a network of tree-like structures connected to a central body. The main functions of the nervous system are to regulate and control body functions, and to receive sensory input, process this information, and generate behavior [CUMBO]. A regulatory system of the body that consists of neurons and neuroglial cells. The nervous system is divided into two parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO] Anatomical system consisting of nerve bodies and nerve fibers which regulate the response of the body to external and internal stimuli.[AAO] Nervous systems evolved in the ancestor of Eumetazoa.[well established][VHOG] nervous neural AAO:0000324 BILA:0000079 BIRNLEX:844 BTO:0001484 CALOHA:TS-1313 EFO:0000802 EHDAA2:0001246 EHDAA:826 EMAPA:16469 EV:0100162 FBbt:00005093 FMA:7157 GAID:466 MA:0000016 MAT:0000026 MESH:D009420 MIAA:0000026 NCIT:C12755 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViT_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000396 UMLS:C0027763 VHOG:0000402 WBbt:0005735 XAO:0000177 ZFA:0000396 neurological system nerve net uberon systema nervosum UBERON:0001016 nervous system http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/TE-Nervous_system_diagram.svg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Nervous_system_diagram.png A group of axons linking two or more neuropils and having a common origin, termination[FBbt]. White matter structure of CNS that contains axons that arise predominantly in one central nervous system part and terminate in another. Tracts are generally named by their region or origin followed by their region of primary termination, e.g., mammillothalamic tract contains axons that arise from neurons in the mammillary bodies and terminate in the thalamus. (CUMBO) BIRNLEX:1649 EV:0100304 FBbt:00005100 FMA:83847 NLX:147822 axonal tract neuraxis tract tract of neuraxis nerve tract uberon nerve tract tract UBERON:0001018 WP says this is the analog of peripheral nerves in CNS. axon tract Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993). Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO] The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG] esophageal esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995) AAO:0000145 ANISEED:1235301 BTO:0000959 CALOHA:TS-0700 EFO:0000835 EHDAA2:0001285 EHDAA:2937 EMAPA:16833 EV:0100069 FMA:7131 GAID:291 MA:0000352 MAT:0000048 MESH:A03.365 MIAA:0000048 NCIT:C12389 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVj9Q5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000204 UMLS:C0014876 VHOG:0000450 XAO:0000127 ZFA:0000204 galen:Esophagus gullet oesophagus uberon UBERON:0001043 esophagus http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Illu01_head_neck.jpg Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. AAO:0010841 AEO:0000000 BILA:0000000 BIRNLEX:6 CARO:0000000 EHDAA2:0002229 FBbt:10000000 FBbt_root:00000000 FMA:62955 HAO:0000000 MA:0000001 NCIT:C12219 TAO:0100000 TGMA:0001822 UMLS:C1515976 WBbt:0000100 XAO:0000000 ZFA:0100000 uberon UBERON:0001062 anatomical entity A zone of skin that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition]. TODO - distinguish between entire skin of region and arbitrary zone of skin on region FMA:12166 FMA:24756 MA:0000582 NCIT:C52757 UMLS:C0205029 adult head zone of skin head skin head zone of skin zone of skin of adult head zone of skin of head uberon UBERON:0001084 skin of head Secretion produced by a sweat gland. BTO:0001254 ENVO:02000025 FMA:12275 GAID:1172 MA:0002539 MESH:D013542 NCIT:C13280 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjJtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0038984 uberon skin exudate UBERON:0001089 sweat Muscle tissue which is unstriated, composed primarily of smooth muscle fibers surrounded by a reticulum of collagen and elastic fibers. Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length[GO]. A non-striated muscle that is composed of spindle-shaped cells. Smooth muscle usually is organized into sheets that line cavitated organs.[TAO] Involuntary muscle tissue consisting of uninucleate spindle-shaped fibers.[AAO] (...) the first bilateral animals possessed only smooth muscles with the molecular repertoire necessary to build a striated muscle. (...) it is more parsimonious to regard striated muscle cells as a sister cell type to the smooth muscle cells. In this scenario, striated and smooth muscles would have arisen in the stem lineage that led to the Nephrozoa (i.e. all Bilateria exclusive the acoelomorphs) (Hejnol et al., 2009), from an 'acoel-like' smooth muscle, by segregation and divergence of functions and through differential recruitment of additional genes[well established][VHOG] GO uses visceral and smooth interchangeably. However visceral can also be used in the sense of the viscera. Many fly annotations to smooth muscle terms. If we want to be inclusive of insects have to have a general definition of tissue that includes cells. AAO:0010244 AEO:0000141 BTO:0001260 CALOHA:TS-0943 EFO:0000889 EHDAA2:0003141 EMAPA:32717 EV:0100378 FBbt:00003525 FMA:14070 GAID:167 MA:0000166 MAT:0000303 MESH:D009130 MIAA:0000303 NCIT:C12437 OpenCyc:Mx4rvvSS3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0005274 UMLS:C1267092 VHOG:0001246 WBbt:0005781 XAO:0000175 ZFA:0005274 galen:SmoothMuscle galen:SmoothMuscleTissue involuntary muscle non-striated muscle smooth muscle textus muscularis nonstriatus visceral muscle visceral muscle tissue uberon textus muscularis levis; textus muscularis nonstriatus UBERON:0001135 smooth muscle tissue Glatte:Muskelzellen.jpg A major subdivision of an organism that is the entire part of the organism dorsal to a horizontal plane and bounded on one side by the same transverse plane. In vertebrares this includes the vertebral column.. dorsal In humans, called the back, a large posterior area of the human body, rising from the top of the buttocks to the back of the neck and the shoulders. It is the surface opposite to the chest, its height being defined by the vertebral column (commonly referred to as the spine or backbone) and its breadth being supported by the ribcage and shoulders. The spinal canal runs through the spine and provides nerves to the rest of the body BTO:0001713 CALOHA:TS-2223 EFO:0001405 FMA:14181 GAID:30 MESH:A01.176 NCIT:C13062 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkEU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0004600 galen:Back back back of body proper dorsal part of organism uberon UBERON:0001137 dorsum http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/432px-Gray-back.PNG distensible musculomembranous organ situated in the anterior part of the pelvic cavity in which urine collects before excretion[MP]. A saccular organ in which urine accumulates before discharge from the body. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-29, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG] Anatomical structure which consists of a membranous sac used to temporarily store urine until it is excreted from the body.[AAO] In tetrapods, the urinary bladder arises as an outpocketing of the cloaca. (...) The tetrapod urinary bladder appears first among amphibians and is present in Sphenodon, turtles, most lizards, ostriches among birds, and all mammals.[well established][VHOG] vesical The urinary bladder evolved in tetrapods. Birds to not possess a true urinary bladder, although Palaeognathae have an undifferentiated cloacal outpocketing that serves a similar function[https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/454] bladder AAO:0000623 BTO:0001418 CALOHA:TS-1090 EFO:0000290 EHDAA2:0000174 EHDAA:9328 EMAPA:18321 EV:0100098 FMA:15900 GAID:0000004 MA:0000380 MAT:0000122 MESH:A05.810.161 MIAA:0000122 NCIT:C12414 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjMmZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0005682 VHOG:0000740 XAO:0000154 galen:UrinaryBladder vesica urinaria uberon urocyst vesica UBERON:0001255 urinary bladder Urinary:system.svg An endoderm derived structure that produces precursors of digestive enzymes and blood glucose regulating enzymes[GO]. Organ which secretes a fluid containing enzymes that aid in the digestion of food.[AAO] In the hagfish and lampreys (our most primitive vertebrate species of today), the first sign of 'a new organ' is found as collections of endocrine cells around the area of the bile duct connection with the duodenum. These endocrine organs are composed of 99% beta cells and 1% somatostatin-producing delta cells. Compared to the more primitive protochordates (e.g. amphioxus), this represents a stage where all previously scattered insulin-producing cells of the intestinal tissue have now quantitatively migrated to found a new organ involved in sensing blood glucose rather than gut glucose. Only later in evolution, the beta cells are joined by exocrine tissue and alpha cells (exemplified by the rat-, rabbit- and elephant-fishes). Finally, from sharks and onwards in evolution, we have the islet PP-cell entering to complete the pancreas.[well established][VHOG] pancreatic As a secretory organ serving exocrine and endocrine functions, the pancreas is specific to the vertebrates[PMID:16417468] Hagfishes and lampreys are unique in the complete separation of their endocrine pancreas (islet or- gan) and their exocrine pancreas (50). The endocrine and exocrine pancreas are coassociated in crown gnathostomes (50). In Branchiostoma and Ciona, there is no diverticulum as there is in hagfishes, lampreys, and gnathostomes, only dispersed insulin-secreting cells in the walls of the gastrointestinal tract (51, 52) The zebrafish does not have a discrete pancreas. Exocrine pancreatic tissue can be found scattered along the intestinal tract. The acinar structure of the exocrine pancreas is very similar to that of mammals and comprises cells with a very dark, basophilic cytoplasm The mature pancreas of higher vertebrates and mammals comprises two major functional units: the exocrine pancreas, which is responsible for the production of digestive enzymes to be secreted into the gut lumen, and the endocrine pancreas, which has its role in the synthesis of several hormones with key regulatory functions in food uptake and metabolism. The exocrine portion constitutes the majority of the mass of the pancreas, and contains only two different cell types, the secretory acinar cells and the ductular cells. The endocrine portion, which comprises only 1-2% of the total mass, contains five different cell types, which are organized into mixed functional assemblies referred to as the islets of Langerhans AAO:0010112 BTO:0000988 CALOHA:TS-0736 EFO:0000855 EHDAA2:0001367 EHDAA:6893 EMAPA:17503 EV:0100092 FMA:7198 GAID:334 MA:0000120 MAT:0000075 MESH:D010179 MIAA:0000075 NCIT:C12393 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVimZZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000140 UMLS:C0030274 VHOG:0000050 XAO:0000136 ZFA:0000140 galen:Pancreas uberon UBERON:0001264 pancreas https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Blausen_0699_PancreasAnatomy2.png the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens Kardong has epididymis in elasmobranch epididymal A similar, but probably non-homologous, structure is found in cartilaginous fishes Typically divided into three main regions. In reptiles, there is an additional canal between the testis and the head of the epididymis, which receives the various efferent ducts. This is, however, absent in all birds and mammals. The epididymis is covered by a two layered pseudostratified epithelium. The epithelium is separated by a basement membrane from the connective tissue wall which has smooth muscle cells. BTO:0000408 CALOHA:TS-0285 EFO:0000982 EMAPA:19290 EV:0100103 FMA:18255 GAID:397 MA:0000397 MAT:0000130 MESH:A05.360.444.849.286 MIAA:0000130 NCIT:C12328 UMLS:C0014533 VHOG:0001265 galen:Epididymis uberon Nebenhoden@de UBERON:0001301 epididymis http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Illu_testis_surface.jpg A tube running from the outer ear to the middle ear. The human ear canal extends from the pinna to the eardrum and is about 26 mm in length and 7 mm in diameter. consider revisiting superclass after refinement of CARO/EAO, conduit may not be quite correct. tympanic ring, which serves as support for the tympanic membrane, directs invagination of the first pharingeal cleft ectoderm to form the external acoustic meatus (EAM), which provides the outer layer of the membrane[PMID 11237469] subdivision of head in FMA. 外耳 EHDAA2:0000460 EHDAA:8975 EMAPA:17588 EV:0100356 FMA:61734 GAID:864 MA:0000260 MESH:D004424 NCIT:C12498 OpenCyc:Mx4rvli-nZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0013444 VHOG:0000977 galen:ExternalAuditoryMeatus auditory canal ear canal external acoustic tube external auditory canal external auditory tube uberon auditory meatus external auditory meatus UBERON:0001352 external acoustic meatus external acoustic meatus 外耳道 Subdivision of trunk proper, which is demarcated from the neck by the plane of the superior thoracic aperture and from the abdomen internally by the inferior surface of the diaphragm and externally by the costal margin and associated with the thoracic vertebral column and ribcage and from the back of the thorax by the external surface of the posterolateral part of the rib cage, the anterior surface of the thoracic vertebral column and the posterior axillary lines; together with the abdomen and the perineum, it constitutes the trunk proper[FMA]. FMA:24216 present in FMA1, but gone in subsequent versions pectoral thoracic BTO:0001368 CALOHA:TS-1039 EFO:0000965 EMAPA:37232 EV:0100010 FMA:9576 GAID:91 MA:0000031 MAT:0000295 MESH:A01.911 MIAA:0000295 NCIT:C12799 NCIT:C25389 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVikFZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0817096 UMLS:C1527391 galen:Chest galen:Thorax anterolateral part of thorax front of thorax pectus ventral part of thoracic region uberon thoracic body wall thorax UBERON:0001443 chest http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Chest.jpg FMA:24218 XAO:0000040 head subdivision uberon head region region of head UBERON:0001444 subdivision of head A zone of skin that is part of a external ear [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:35301 FMA:24775 MA:0001233 NCIT:C49481 UMLS:C0222110 auricular region of head zone of skin auricular region zone of skin ear skin external ear skin external ear zone of skin outer ear zone of skin zone of skin of auricular region zone of skin of auricular region of head zone of skin of external ear zone of skin of outer ear uberon UBERON:0001459 skin of external ear skin of external ear 外耳皮肤 Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue. Also called osseous tissue, (Latin: os). Is a type of hard endoskeletal connective tissue found in many vertebrate animals. Bone is the main tissue of body organs that support body structures, protect internal organs, (in conjunction with muscles) facilitate movement; and are involved with cell formation, calcium metabolism, and mineral storage.[AAO] Portion of tissue which is calcified connective tissue making up the structural elements of the skeletal system.[TAO] Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue.[VSAO] relationship loss: subclass specialized connective tissue (AAO:0000571)[AAO] The 'new animal phylogeny' reveals that many of the groups known to biomineralize sit among close relatives that do not, and it favours an interpretation of convergent or parallel evolution for biomineralization in animals. (...) Whether this 'biomineralization toolkit'of genes reflects a parallel co-option of a common suite of genes or the inheritance of a skeletogenic gene regulatory network from a biomineralizing common ancestor remains an open debate.[debated][VHOG] AAO:0000047 AEO:0000082 BTO:0000140 CALOHA:TS-0088 EFO:0000298 EHDAA2:0003082 EMAPA:32782 ENVO:00002039 EV:0100140 FMA:30317 FMA:5018 GAID:92 MA:0001459 MAT:0000299 MIAA:0000299 NCIT:C12366 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViDlpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkCG5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001514 UMLS:C0262950 VHOG:0001190 VSAO:0000057 XAO:0000169 ZFA:0001514 galen:Bone bone organ uberon bone bones UBERON:0001474 bone element The segment of the respiratory tract that starts proximally with the trachea and includes all distal structures including the lungs[WP,modified] EHDAA2:0001036 EMAPA:16738 FMA:45662 MA:0000435 OpenCyc:Mx4rQRqjUgAKEdyHxgDggVfs8g VHOG:0000382 lower respiratory system uberon UBERON:0001558 lower respiratory tract http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Illu_conducting_passages.svg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Illu_conducting_passages.jpg FMA:45733 organ neck uberon UBERON:0001560 neck of organ An artery that supplies the myocardium. BTO:0000290 CALOHA:TS-0176 EFO:0002551 EMAPA:19160 EV:0100383 FMA:49893 MA:0002453 NCIT:C12843 OpenCyc:Mx4rvoL56ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0205042 VHOG:0001557 ZFA:0005812 galen:CoronaryArtery coronary arterial tree uberon coronary vessel UBERON:0001621 coronary artery http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Gray492.png An epithelial tube or tree of tibes that transports blood away from the heart[modified from AEO definition]. Note that in FMA an artery is a tree, whereas AEO/JB defines it as a tube; FMA includes a separate class for what it calls the trunk. Classification in this ontology may currently (Jan 2012) represent a mix of both schemes, although we are gradually revising in the direction of the AEO scheme. Part of the circulatory system composed of blood vessels which carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.[AAO] The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG] arterial AAO:0010211 AEO:0000208 BTO:0000573 CALOHA:TS-0054 EFO:0000814 EHDAA2:0000143 EHDAA2:0003253 EMAPA:35147 EV:0100026 FMA:50720 GAID:468 MA:0000064 MAT:0000034 MESH:D001158 MIAA:0000034 NCIT:C12372 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjknZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000005 UMLS:C0003842 VHOG:0001251 XAO:0000114 ZFA:0000005 galen:Artery arterial subtree arterial tree organ part arteries uberon arterial system arterial vessel UBERON:0001637 artery Sense organ in vertebrates that is specialized for the detection of sound, and the maintenance of balance. Includes the outer ear and middle ear, which collect and transmit sound waves; and the inner ear, which contains the organs of balance and (except in fish) hearing. Also includes the pinna, the visible part of the outer ear, present in some mammals. The organ of hearing and of equilibrium. [TFD][VHOG] Both vertebrate and invertebrate auditory organs are thought to have evolved from primitive mechanosensors, but the nature of the ancestral structure and the evolutionary trajectories followed in distinct animal lineages remain unknown. In particular, we do not know how many types of mechanosensor existed in the protostome-deuterostome ancestor from which insects and vertebrates evolved or whether the PDA had an auditory organ.[well established][VHOG] auricular AAO:0011014 BIRNLEX:1062 BTO:0000368 CALOHA:TS-1165 EFO:0000826 EHDAA2:0000423 EHDAA:502 EMAPA:16193 EV:0100353 FMA:52780 GAID:62 MA:0000236 MAT:0000138 MESH:D004423 MIAA:0000138 NCIT:C12394 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViXS5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjL05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0013443 UMLS:C0521421 VHOG:0000330 XAO:0000189 galen:Ear uberon auditory apparatus auris UBERON:0001690 ear ear 耳 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Ear.jpg Part of the ear external to the tympanum (eardrum). It typically consists of a tube (the external auditory meatus) that directs sound waves on to the tympanum, and may also include the external pinna, which extends beyond the skull[GO]. The external part of the organ, which consists of an outer portion (external auditory meatus) which leads to the tympanum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] Some species, like Amolops tormotus (Feng et al. 2006), have a cavity in front of the tympanic membrane which is considered to be an ear canal and thus an outer ear. (...) The ancestral lineage of amphibians separated from the mammalian lineage, approximately 350 million years ago, in the paleozoic era. Many of the important developments in the auditory systems emerged after the ancestral paths separated (Manley and Clack 2003). This implies that shared features, like the tympanic middle ear, developed independently in different vertebrate lineages.[uncertain][VHOG] in XAO this includes and is only the tympanum auricular region AAO:0011037 BIRNLEX:1705 BTO:0002100 EFO:0004221 EHDAA2:0000462 EHDAA:3786 EMAPA:16991 EV:0100354 FMA:52781 GAID:104 MA:0000258 MAT:0000147 MESH:D004431 MIAA:0000147 NCIT:C12292 OpenCyc:Mx4rwOHtXJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0013453 UMLS:C1269548 VHOG:0000311 XAO:0000190 auricular region of head outer ear uberon auris externa UBERON:0001691 external ear external ear 外耳 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Gray907.png The part of the ear that projects from the head, connecting to the external acoustic meatus. The external expanded part of the ear characterized by a funnel-shaped structure through which the sound vibrations are received. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] Mammals have a third type of tympanic ear. An external flap, the auricle or pinna, helps funnel sound waves down the external acoustic meatus to the tympanic membrane.[well established][VHOG] In various species, the pinna can also signal mood and radiate heat The purpose of the pinna is to collect sound. It does so by acting as a funnel, amplifying the sound and directing it to the ear canal. While reflecting from the pinna, sound also goes through a filtering process which adds directional information to the sound (see sound localization, head-related transfer function, pinna notch). EHDAA2:0001467 EMAPA:17589 EV:0100355 FMA:56580 MA:0000259 NCIT:C32165 OpenCyc:Mx4rvs_VC5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0928075 VHOG:0000460 galen:Auricle auricle auricle of ear auricle of external ear auricula auricula (auris externa) pinna of ear 耳郭 uberon pinnae UBERON:0001757 pinna pinna 耳廓 The soft lower part of the external ear, projecting below the antitragus. The earlobe is composed of tough areolar and adipose (fatty) connective tissues, lacking the firmness and elasticity of the rest of the pinna. Since the earlobe does not contain cartilage the earlobe has a large blood supply and may help to warm the ears and maintain balance but generally earlobes are not considered to have any major biological function. FMA:60984 MA:0002468 NCIT:C32999 UMLS:C0229315 auricular lobule ear lobe earlobe lobe of ear lobule of auricle of ear lobulus auriculae pinna lobule uberon ear lobule lobule of auricle UBERON:0001847 lobule of pinna lobule of pinna 耳垂 A vessel through which blood circulates in the body. consider adopting the EMAPA superclass 'vascular element', which includes microvasculature (e.g. capillaries), vascular plexus Any of the vessels through which blood circulates in the body. [XAO:0001011_][VHOG] Any of the vessels through which blood circulates in the body.[AAO] The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG] annelids have blood vessels, but this class is not applicable to annelids. FMA:63183 Blood vessel is categorized as 'general anatomical term'. Suggestion to map to region of vascular tree from Terry H at JAX vascular element AAO:0011004 AEO:0000207 BTO:0001102 CALOHA:TS-0080 EFO:0000817 EHDAA2:0003252 EHDAA:240 EMAPA:32743 EMAPA:35993 FMA:50722 FMA:63183 GAID:169 MA:0000060 MAT:0000393 MESH:D001808 NCIT:C12679 NLXANAT:090901 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjxlpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0002137 UMLS:C0005847 VHOG:0001250 XAO:0001011 ZFA:0005314 region of vascular tree organ vascular tree organ region uberon vas sanguineum UBERON:0001981 blood vessel http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Circulatory_System_en.svg A two-lobed endocrine gland found in all vertebrates, located in front of and on either side of the trachea in humans, and producing various hormones, such as triiodothyronine and calcitonin[BTO]. Either of paired structures located in the throat which develop from the ventral wall of the pharynx and excretes hormones involved in the morphological and functional changes during metamorphosis as well as influencing other tissues.[AAO] (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (2) a groove in the pharyngeal floor known as the endostyle, or a thyroid gland derived from part of the endostyle (...).[well established][VHOG] In fish, it is usually located below the gills and is not always divided into distinct lobes. However, in some teleosts, patches of thyroid tissue are found elsewhere in the body, associated with the kidneys, spleen, heart, or eyes In larval lampreys, the thyroid originates as an exocrine gland, secreting its hormones into the gut, and associated with the larva's filter-feeding apparatus. In the adult lamprey, the gland separates from the gut, and becomes endocrine, but this path of development may reflect the evolutionary origin of the thyroid. For instance, the closest living relatives of vertebrates, the tunicates and Amphioxus, have a structure very similar to that of larval lampreys, and this also secretes iodine-containing compounds (albeit not thyroxine) In tetrapods, the thyroid is always found somewhere in the neck region. In most tetrapod species, there are two paired thyroid glands - that is, the right and left lobes are not joined together. However, there is only ever a single thyroid gland in most mammals, and the shape found in humans is common to many other species AAO:0010544 BTO:0001379 CALOHA:TS-1047 EFO:0000861 EHDAA2:0002028 EHDAA:2148 EHDAA:2975 EMAPA:17068 EV:0100133 FMA:9603 GAID:465 MA:0000129 MAT:0000081 MESH:D013961 MIAA:0000081 NCIT:C12400 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjLT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0040132 VHOG:0000418 XAO:0000162 galen:ThyroidGland thyroid uberon glandula thyroidea UBERON:0002046 thyroid gland http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Illu_thyroid_parathyroid.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Illu_endocrine_system.jpg Respiration organ that develops as an outpocketing of the esophagus. Either of two organs which allow gas exchange absorbing oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide with exhaled air.[AAO] Lungs had already developed as paired ventral pockets from the intestine in the ancestor of Osteognathostomata. (...) In actinopterygian fishes, apart from Cladistia, the ventral intestinal pocket migrates dorsally and becomes the swim-bladder, a mainly hydrostatical organ (reference 1); Comparative transcriptome analyses indicate molecular homology of zebrafish swimbladder and Mammalian lung (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] pulmonary respiration organ in all air-breathing animals, including most tetrapods, a few fish and a few snails. In mammals and the more complex life forms, the two lungs are located in the chest on either side of the heart. Their principal function is to transport oxygen from the atmosphere into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere. This exchange of gases is accomplished in the mosaic of specialized cells that form millions of tiny, exceptionally thin-walled air sacs called alveoli. // Avian lungs do not have alveoli as mammalian lungs do, they have Faveolar lungs. They contain millions of tiny passages known as para-bronchi, connected at both ends by the dorsobronchi AAO:0000275 AAO:0010567 BTO:0000763 CALOHA:TS-0568 EFO:0000934 EHDAA2:0001042 EHDAA:1554 EHDAA:2205 EMAPA:16728 EV:0100042 FMA:7195 GAID:345 MA:0000415 MAT:0000135 MESH:D008168 MIAA:0000135 NCIT:C12468 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjKy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0024109 VHOG:0000310 XAO:0000119 galen:Lung pulmo uberon UBERON:0002048 Snakes and limbless lizards typically possess only the right lung as a major respiratory organ; the left lung is greatly reduced, or even absent. Amphisbaenians, however, have the opposite arrangement, with a major left lung, and a reduced or absent right lung [WP] lung https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/701 An organ that is located within the body cavity (or in its extension, in the scrotum); it consists of organ parts that are embryologically derived from endoderm, splanchnic mesoderm or intermediate mesoderm; together with other organs, the viscus constitutes the respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, reproductive and immune systems, or is the central organ of the cardiovascular system. Examples: heart, lung, esophagus, kidney, ovary, spleen. An internal organ of the body; especially: one (as the heart, liver, or intestine) located in the great cavity of the trunk proper.[AAO] general anatomical term in FMA. Note that we place the MA class here temporarily, although properly systems should be distinguished from organs. AAO:0010386 BTO:0001491 EHDAA:512 EMAPA:16245 FMA:7085 MA:0000019 MESH:D014781 NCIT:C28287 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002201 UMLS:C0042779 XAO:0003034 visceral organ visceral organ system uberon Organsystem@de splanchnic tissue viscera visceral tissue UBERON:0002075 viscus Cardiac chamber in which blood enters the heart. One of four heart chambers.[TAO] One of two chambers of the heart which receive blood from the veins and forces it by muscular contration to the ventricle.[AAO] In the primitive vertebrate heart the four chambers are: 1. Sinus venosus (...) 2. Atrium (...) 3. Ventricle (...) 4. Conus arteriosus (...).[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010246 BTO:0000903 CALOHA:TS-0437 EFO:0000277 EHDAA2:0000154 EHDAA:1265 EMAPA:16688 EV:0100019 FMA:7099 GAID:555 MA:0000073 MAT:0000496 MESH:D006325 NCIT:C12728 TAO:0000471 UMLS:C0018792 VHOG:0000175 ZFA:0000471 galen:Atrium atria atrium atrium of heart cardiac atria heart atrium uberon atrial tissue UBERON:0002081 cardiac atrium Cardiac chamber through which blood leaves the heart. A chamber of the heart that receives blood from one or more atria and pumps it by muscular contraction into the arteries.[AAO] One of four heart chambers.[TAO] In the primitive vertebrate heart the four chambers are: 1. Sinus venosus (...) 2. Atrium (...) 3. Ventricle (...) 4. Conus arteriosus (...)[well established][VHOG] ventricle AAO:0010249 BTO:0000862 CALOHA:TS-0444 EFO:0000317 EHDAA2:0004164 EHDAA:1912 EMAPA:17331 EV:0100020 FMA:7100 GAID:568 MA:0000091 MAT:0000497 MESH:D006352 NCIT:C12730 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjj1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000009 UMLS:C0018827 VHOG:0000435 XAO:0003193 ZFA:0000009 galen:Ventricle heart ventricle lower chamber of heart ventricle of heart uberon UBERON:0002082 cardiac ventricle A cardiac ventricle that is in the left side of the heart. Thick-walled muscular chamber constituting the left border and apex of the heart. It receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium through the mitral orifice and send it off into the aorta. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] The vertebrate heart initially forms as a tube from a population of precursor cells termed the first heart field (FHF). Cells from the adjacent second heart field (SHF) are then progressively added to the developing heart. In avian and mammalian hearts, the FHF contributes mainly to the left ventricle, whereas the SHF gives rise to the outflow tract and large portions of the right ventricle and atria. Both fields arise from common mesodermal progenitors, although the detailed lineage relationships between FHF and SHF remain uncertain.[well established][VHOG] https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern In mammals continuous with aorta BTO:0001629 CALOHA:TS-0439 EHDAA2:0002178 EMAPA:17337 FMA:7101 MA:0000092 NCIT:C12871 OpenCyc:Mx4rtW8v46gEEdudWQACs5b6Bw OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVjj1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0225897 VHOG:0000718 galen:LeftVentricle cardiac left ventricle left cardiac ventricle left ventricle left ventricle of heart uberon ventriculus sinister cordis UBERON:0002084 heart left ventricle http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg An exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes[GO]. Organ which secretes bile and participates in formation of certain blood proteins.[AAO] relationship type change: differentiates_from endoderm (AAO:0000139) CHANGED TO: develops_from endoderm (UBERON:0000925)[AAO] All vertebrates possess a liver (reference 1); Later in craniate evolution, an anterior gill arch was transformed into jaws, and many new types of feeding subsequently evolved.(...) A liver evolved that, among its many functions, stores considerable energy as glycogen or lipid (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] hepatic An organ sometimes referred to as a liver is found associated with the digestive tract of the primitive chordate Amphioxus. However, this is an enzyme secreting gland, not a metabolic organ, and it is unclear how truly homologous it is to the vertebrate liver. The zebrafish liver differs from the mammalian liver in that the hepatocytes are not clearly organized in cords or lobules and the typical portal triads are not apparent. In addition, the zebrafish liver does not have Kuppfer cells. Furthermore, a clear distinction can be made between the male and female liver in the adult zebrafish. The female hepatocytes are very basophilic (Figure 15c) as a result of the production of vitellogenin (Van der Ven et al. 2003). The liver is found in all vertebrates, and is typically the largest visceral organ. Its form varies considerably in different species, and is largely determined by the shape and arrangement of the surrounding organs. Nonetheless, in most species it is divided into right and left lobes; exceptions to this general rule include snakes, where the shape of the body necessitates a simple cigar-like form. The internal structure of the liver is broadly similar in all vertebrates. secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes[GO]. Only ZFA considers this part_of immune system - we weaken this to an overlaps relation, as in general it's only a subset of cells that have clear immune function. AAO:0010111 BTO:0000759 CALOHA:TS-0564 EFO:0000887 EHDAA2:0000997 EHDAA:2197 EMAPA:16846 EV:0100089 FMA:7197 GAID:288 MA:0000358 MAT:0000097 MESH:D008099 MIAA:0000097 NCIT:C12392 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVimppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000123 UMLS:C0023884 VHOG:0000257 XAO:0000133 ZFA:0000123 galen:Liver uberon iecur jecur UBERON:0002107 liver Leber:Schaf.jpg Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]. The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO] Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010397 BTO:0000651 CALOHA:TS-0942 EFO:0000841 EMAPA:32834 EV:0100072 FMA:7200 GAID:313 MA:0000337 MAT:0000047 MESH:A03.492.411.620 MIAA:0000047 NCIT:C12386 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjlIJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001323 UMLS:C0021852 VHOG:0000055 XAO:0000130 ZFA:0001323 galen:SmallIntestine small bowel small intestine uberon anterior intestine intestinum tenue mid intestine UBERON:0002108 small intestine http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/Stomach_colon_rectum_diagram.svg A paired organ of the urinary tract which has the production of urine as its primary function. One of either of a pair of structures lying on either side of the dorsal aorta in which fluid balance is regulated and waste is excreted out in the form of urine.[AAO] renal AAO:0000250 BTO:0000671 CALOHA:TS-0510 EFO:0000929 EMAPA:17373 EV:0100096 FMA:7203 GAID:423 MA:0000368 MAT:0000119 MESH:D007668 MIAA:0000119 NCIT:C12415 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjlYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0022646 XAO:0003267 galen:Kidney reniculate kidney uberon UBERON:0002113 kidney Anatomical system that consists of the muscular and skeletal systems. Anatomical system that provides locomotion and physical support to the organism.[AAO] There are more than 50,000 extant vertebrate species, representing over 500 million years of evolution. During that time, the vertebrate musculoskeletal systems have adapted to aquatic, terrestrial, fossorial, and arboreal lifestyles, while simultaneously retaining functionally integrated axial and appendicular skeletal systems.[well established][VHOG] musculoskeletal AAO:0010546 CALOHA:TS-1311 EMAPA:32714 EV:0100139 FMA:7482 GAID:98 MA:0002418 MESH:D009141 NCIT:C12754 OpenCyc:Mx4rQRpVNgAKEdyHxgDggVfs8g UMLS:C0026860 VHOG:0001275 VSAO:0000031 XAO:0000168 musculo-skeletal system uberon UBERON:0002204 musculoskeletal system Joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by an articular capsule which encloses a synovial membrane and a synovial cavity. Examples: Temporomandibular joint, knee joint.[FMA] Is a joint that is located at the point of contact of articulating bones allowing movement. The joint has a capsule containing synovial fluid surrounding the articulating bone surfaces.[TAO] AEO:0000183 CALOHA:TS-2138 EHDAA2:0003183 FMA:7501 MA:0000322 NCIT:C32461 OpenCyc:Mx4rv2bBV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0005153 ZFA:0005153 galen:SynovialJoint articulatio synoviale diarthroses diarthrosis diarthrosis joint uberon diarthrodial joints UBERON:0002217 synovial joint An organ that houses olfactory neurons and is responsible for the sense of smell. Examples include the vertebrate nose and the Drosophila dorsal organ. An olfactory organ overlaps with the olfactory system, because some parts of the nose (e.g. nasal skeleton) are parts of the skeletal system, which is spatially disjoint fma general anatomical term. xao has no subtypes (but Johnstons organ develops from this). An olfactory organ overlaps with the olfactory system, because some parts of the nose (e.g. nasal skeleton) are parts of the skeletal system, which is spatially disjoint AAO:0010180 BTO:0001772 FBbt:00005158 FMA:77659 VHOG:0000287 XAO:0000273 olfactory organ olfactory sense organ olfactory sensory organ main olfactory organ primary olfactory organ uberon olfactory neuroepithelium organ olfactus organum olfactorium UBERON:0002268 olfactory organ The yellow or brown waxy secretions produced by vestigial apocrine sweat glands in the external ear canal[MESH]. cerumenal cerumenous Cerumen keeps the eardrum pliable, lubricates and cleans the external auditory canal, waterproofs the canal, kills bacteria, and serves as a barrier to trap foreign particles (dust, fungal spores, etc.) by coating the guard hairs of the ear, making them sticky. ENVO:02000028 FMA:79869 GAID:1158 MA:0002506 MESH:D002571 NCIT:C32293 UMLS:C0740486 ear wax earwax uberon UBERON:0002297 cerumen 耵聍 A gland that secretes products (excluding hormones and other chemical messengers) into ducts (duct glands) which lead directly into the external environment[WP]. Typical exocrine glands include sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, stomach, liver, pancreas Currently this is logically defined by the system it belongs to, but a better system may be base this on presence/absence of ducts. However, the dual nature of the liver should be taken into consideration here. Consider adding subclasses AEO:0000097 BTO:0000765 CALOHA:TS-2012 EHDAA2:0003097 EMAPA:35327 FMA:9596 GAID:34 MA:0002564 MESH:D005088 NCIT:C12712 UMLS:C0015282 ducted gland glandula exocrina uberon UBERON:0002365 exocrine gland The prostate gland is a partly muscular, partly glandular body that is situated near the base of the mammalian male urethra and secretes an alkaline viscid fluid which is a major constituent of the ejaculatory fluid. TODO - FMA treats the gland as part of the prostate - see also FMA:74119. prostatic BTO:0001129 CALOHA:TS-0828 EFO:0000858 EMAPA:19287 EV:0100104 FMA:9600 GAID:392 MA:0000404 MAT:0000078 MESH:D011467 MIAA:0000078 NCIT:C12410 OpenCyc:Mx4rv6trqZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0033572 VHOG:0001261 galen:ProstateGland male prostate prostate uberon prostata UBERON:0002367 prostate gland http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Prostatelead.jpg Endocrine glands are glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products directly into the circulatory system rather than through a duct.[WP, modified]. AEO:0000098 BTO:0001488 CALOHA:TS-1300 EHDAA2:0003098 EMAPA:35999 FMA:9602 GAID:335 MA:0002563 MESH:D004702 NCIT:C12704 OpenCyc:Mx4rvbkiRZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0014133 ductless gland glandula endocrina uberon ductless gland glandulae endocrinae UBERON:0002368 endocrine gland http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Illu_endocrine_system.png Tissue with cells that deposit non-polarized extracellular matrix including connective tissue fibers and ground substance. One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. It is largely a category of exclusion rather than one with a precise definition, but there are certain characteristics shared by all or most tissues in this category, such as involvement in structure and support, derived from mesoderm, and characterized largely by the traits of non-living tissue.[AAO] Portion of tissue that consists of mesodermally derived cells and intercellular matrix comprised of protein fibers and carbohydrates, which supports, ensheathes and binds together other tissues.[TAO] Tissue with cells that deposit non-polarized extracellular matrix including connective tissue fibers and ground substance.[VSAO] MA also has set of connective tissues AAO:0000098 BTO:0000421 CALOHA:TS-2009 EFO:0000952 EMAPA:35251 FMA:9640 GAID:100 MA:0000011 MAT:0000301 MESH:D003238 MIAA:0000301 NCIT:C12374 OpenCyc:Mx4rv-aBgZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001641 UMLS:C0009780 VSAO:0000017 XAO:0001017 ZFA:0001632 galen:ConnectiveTissue portion of connective tissue textus connectivus uberon Bindegewebe UBERON:0002384 connective tissue Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers[GO]. One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. Tissue that contains cells with contractile filaments that move past each other and change the size of the cell. Muscle tissue also is separated into three distinct categories.[AAO] AAO:0000306 AEO:0000122 CALOHA:TS-0642 EHDAA2:0003122 EMAPA:32715 FMA:9641 MA:0002437 MESH:D009132 NCIT:C12435 UMLS:C2328219 galen:MuscleTissue muscular tissue portion of muscle tissue textus muscularis uberon UBERON:0002385 Vertebrate muscle is categorized into three major muscle types defined by their structural and functional properties: skeletal, cardiac and smooth. In Dmel the counterparts are somatic, heart/cardiac and visceral. Here we take a cell type based approach. muscle tissue Anatomical system that protects the body from foreign substances, cells, and tissues by producing the immune response and that includes especially the thymus, spleen, lymphoid tissue, lymphocytes including the B cells and T cells, and antibodies. The antibody-based immune system defined by the presence of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), T cell receptor (TCR), B cell receptor (BCR) or recombination activating genes (RAGs) is known beginning from jawed fishes.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011003 BILA:0000104 BTO:0005810 FMA:9825 GAID:328 MA:0002711 MESH:D007107 NCIT:C12735 OpenCyc:Mx4rvWNkm5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001159 UMLS:C0020962 VHOG:0001247 XAO:0003152 ZFA:0001159 uberon UBERON:0002405 immune system Skeletal tissue that is avascular, rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and typically includes chondrocytes within isolated lacunae. Cartilage tissue is deposited by chondroblasts. A type of dense connective tissue. It is composed of cells called chondrocytes which are dispersed in a firm gel-like ground substance, called the matrix. Cartilage is avascular (contains no blood vessels) and nutrients are diffused through the matrix. Cartilage is found in the joints, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, in the throat and between intervertebral disks. It makes up virtually the entire skeleton in chondrichthyes.[AAO] Portion of tissue which is connective tissue composed of collagen and/or elastin fibers and chondrocytes. Cartilage is avascular and provides both skeletal functions and a framework upon which bone is deposited.[TAO] Skeletal tissue that is avascular, rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and typically includes chondrocytes within isolated lacunae. Cartilage tissue is deposited by chondroblasts.[VSAO] relationship loss: subclass specialized connective tissue (AAO:0000571)[AAO] Phylogenetic analysis suggests that cartilage arose independently in cnidarians, hemichordates, vertebrates, arthropods, annelids, brachiopods, and molluscs - or a common ancestor of brachiopods and molluscs (...). Analyses of cartilage as a tissue and of the development of invertebrate cartilages are consistent with homology between invertebrate and vertebrate cartilage. From the discussion above, it will be clear that understanding genetic changes underlying cartilage evolution is key to determining whether the multiple origins of cartilage represent parallel evolution.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0000060 AEO:0000087 BTO:0000206 EFO:0000949 EHDAA2:0003087 EMAPA:32730 EV:0100141 FMA:37377 GAID:99 MA:0000104 MAT:0000189 MESH:D002356 MIAA:0000189 NCIT:C12373 NCIT:C32268 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjeOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001501 UMLS:C0007301 VHOG:0001207 VSAO:0000040 XAO:0000170 ZFA:0005622 galen:Cartilage cartilage tissue cartilaginous tissue chondrogenic tissue uberon cartilage cartilages portion of cartilage tissue UBERON:0002418 Previous: "A portion of connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate[GO]. Regular connective tissue, which consists of chondrocytes and related cells, the intercellular matrix of which is chondrified. Examples: hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, elastic cartilage[FMA]. an avascular supporting and articular skeletal tissue. It also functions as the primary endoskeletal support in vertebrate embryos. Cartilage is deposited by and is composed of chondroblasts and chondrocytes separated by an extracellular matrix, which may or may not mineralize depending on cartilage type, age, or taxon[Hall and Witten]." See also FMA:71500 Set of cartilages, FMA:55107 Cartilage organ, FMA:12264 Articular cartilage. // elements made from cartilage, cartilage-like, or chondroid tissues evolved in invertebrates[H&W] cartilage tissue cartilage tissue 软骨组织 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Hypertrophic_Zone_of_Epiphyseal_Plate.jpg Skeletal tissue with a collagen-rich extracellular matrix vascularized, mineralized with hydroxyapatite and typically including osteocytes located in lacunae that communicate with one another by cell processes (in canaliculi). Bone is deposited by osteoblasts. see https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/27 Skeletal tissue with a collagen-rich extracellular matrix vascularized, mineralized with hydroxyapatite and typically including osteocytes located in lacunae that communicate with one another by cell processes (in canaliculi). Bone is deposited by osteoblasts.[VSAO] CALOHA:TS-2011 EMAPA:35179 FMA:224804 MA:0002780 MESH:D001842 NCIT:C13076 UMLS:C0391978 VSAO:0000047 XAO:0004040 ZFA:0005621 galen:BoneTissue calcium tissue osseous tissue osteogenic tissue mineralized bone tissue uberon bone portion of bone tissue UBERON:0002481 bone tissue The helix is the prominent rim of the pinna. FMA:60992 MA:0002793 NCIT:C32724 OpenCyc:Mx4rwRDEk5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0229304 helical part of pinna helix helix (auricula) helix of auricle of ear helix of ear helix of external ear helix of pinna uberon UBERON:0002488 helix of outer ear helix of outer ear 耳轮 A major subdivision of a mature or developing limb, including both skeletal elements (or the mesenchyme that gives rise to the skeletal elements) and associated tissues, such as muscle, connective tissue, integument. Examples: autopod region, zeugopod region, stylopod region, metapodial region, arm region. Excludes the limb girdles. TODO - align this with the CARO2 class 'appendage segment'; note the FMA class does not appear to require repetition FMA has both limb segment and free limb segment, the former includes the girdles. Note that MA uses the term more generally and includes A,S,Z,S+Z(arm/leg), whereas FMA is just A,S,Z FMA:241863 MA:0002889 NCIT:C38630 UMLS:C1268195 free limb segment segment of limb subdivision of limb uberon extremity part limb region region of limb UBERON:0002529 limb segment an organ that functions as a secretory or excretory organ glandular UBERON:MIAA_0000021 AAO:0000212 AEO:0000096 BTO:0000522 EFO:0000797 EHDAA2:0003096 EHDAA:2161 EHDAA:4475 EHDAA:6522 EMAPA:18425 FBbt:00100317 FMA:7146 FMA:86294 HAO:0000375 MA:0003038 MAT:0000021 MIAA:0000021 NCIT:C13319 OpenCyc:Mx4rwP3vyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C1285092 WikipediaCategory:Glands galen:Gland glandular organ uberon Druese glandula UBERON:0002530 gland http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Gray1026.png BIRNLEX:701 DHBA:12364 FMA:72505 UMLS:C0228403 http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=612 fibrae tectopontinae tectopontine fibers tectopontine fibres uberon tractus tectopontinus UBERON:0002930 tectopontine tract Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types. this class was introduced for consistency with CARO. However, in this ontology we typically classify organs directly under 'organ' rather than subdividing into compound and simple organs AAO:0010015 AEO:0000024 BILA:0000024 CARO:0000024 EHDAA2:0003024 HAO:0000024 TADS:0000598 TAO:0000496 TGMA:0001837 VHOG:0001723 XAO:0003041 ZFA:0000496 uberon organ UBERON:0003103 compound organ Anatomical structure that is part of the head consisting entirely of cranium and mandible[WP]. in FMA the skull is divided into orbit, neurocranium (8 parts), viscerocranium (26 parts). Here we have a separate overlapping division into cranium and mandible. in many ontologies, the structure called the cranium is inclusive of the mandible/lower jaw skeleton A skull that is missing a mandible is only a cranium; this is the source of a very commonly made error in terminology. Those animals having skulls are called craniates BTO:0001295 CALOHA:TS-2344 EHDAA2:0000325 EMAPA:17680 FMA:46565 GAID:82 MESH:D012886 NCIT:C12789 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjOsZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0037303 WikipediaCategory:Skull galen:Skull uberon cranial skeleton skeletal system of head UBERON:0003129 skull A blood vessel that is part of a heart [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:35397 MA:0002483 blood vessel of heart uberon cardiac blood vessel UBERON:0003498 heart blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of the arterial system. Includes artery, arteriole and aorta. EMAPA:35144 MA:0000061 uberon UBERON:0003509 only in MA - supertype of artery, arteriole, aorta. arterial blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:37237 MA:0000511 blood vessel of torso blood vessel of trunk torso blood vessel uberon UBERON:0003513 trunk blood vessel A synovial joint of the jaw that connects the mandible to the temporal bone. BTO:0003674 EMAPA:19196 FMA:54832 GAID:272 MA:0002899 MESH:D013704 NCIT:C32888 UMLS:C0039493 TMJ temperomandibular joint uberon articulatio temporomandibularis dentary-squamosal joint squamosal-dentary joint tempero-mandibular joint temporalmandibular joint temporomandibular temporomandibular articulation temporomandibular joint UBERON:0003700 There are two TMJs, one on either side, working in unison. The unique feature of the TMJs is the articular disc. The disc is composed of fibrocartilagenous tissue (like the firm and flexible elastic cartilage of the ear) which is positioned between the two bones that form the joint. The TMJs are one of the only synovial joints in the human body with an articular disc, another being the sternoclavicular joint. The disc divides each joint into two. The lower joint compartment formed by the mandible and the articular disc is involved in rotational movement -- this is the initial movement of the jaw when the mouth opens. The upper joint compartment formed by the articular disk and the temporal bone is involved in translational movement -- this is the secondary gliding motion of the jaw as it is opened widely. The part of the mandible which mates to the under-surface of the disc is the condyle and the part of the temporal bone which mates to the upper surface of the disk is the glenoid (or mandibular) fossa[WP]. temporomandibular joint temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Gray309.png A blood vessel that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:37238 MA:0000558 blood vessel of thorax thorax blood vessel uberon upper body blood vessel UBERON:0003834 thoracic segment blood vessel Any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and are associated with reproduction. MA:0001751 genitalia gland gland of genitalia gland of reproductive system reproductive gland reproductive system gland sex gland uberon UBERON:0003937 reproductive gland Any tube, opening or passage that connects two distinct anatomical spaces. FMA has both conduit and conduit space. In EHDAA2 this is a surface feature AEO:0000080 EHDAA2:0003080 FMA:242873 foramen foramina uberon opening ostia ostium UBERON:0004111 anatomical conduit An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the endoderm. Grouping term for query purposes uberon UBERON:0004119 endoderm-derived structure An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the mesoderm. Grouping term for query purposes FBbt:00025998 mesodermal derivative uberon UBERON:0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the ectoderm. Grouping term for query purposes FBbt:00025990 ectodermal deriviative uberon UBERON:0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A cardiac chamber surrounds an enclosed cavity within the heart FMA:7095 OpenCyc:Mx4rmexpjPdAEduAAAAOpmP6tw chamber of heart heart chamber uberon UBERON:0004151 generic enough to cover FBbt:00003156 heart chamber but this is a cavity. GO defines it as the cavity. TODO - move subclasses. Note this also includes sinus venosus cardiac chamber smooth muscle found within, and composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels. Vascular smooth muscle contracts or relaxes to both change the volume of blood vessels and the local blood pressure, a mechanism that is responsible for the redistribution of the blood within the body to areas where it is needed (i.e. areas with temporarily enhanced oxygen consumption). Thus the main function of vascular smooth muscle tonus is to regulate the caliber of the blood vessels in the body. Excessive vasoconstriction leads to hypertension, while excessive vasodilation as in shock leads to hypotension. UBERON:0010508 BTO:0001431 CALOHA:TS-1107 EMAPA:35177 MA:0000710 MESH:D009131 NCIT:C33853 TAO:0005321 UMLS:C1519956 ZFA:0005321 blood vessel involuntary muscle blood vessel non-striated muscle blood vessel smooth muscle tissue involuntary muscle of blood vessel non-striated muscle of blood vessel smooth muscle of blood vessel smooth muscle tissue of blood vessel vascular smooth muscle vascular smooth muscle tissue uberon UBERON:0004237 blood vessel smooth muscle The part of the cardiovascular system consisting of all arteries. The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG] BTO:0004690 EHDAA2:0000143 EHDAA:396 EMAPA:16201 EMAPA:16371 MA:0002719 VHOG:0000273 uberon UBERON:0004572 arterial system An artery of the systemic circulation, which is the part of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart, to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart. EMAPA:37126 FMA:66464 systemic arterial subtree uberon UBERON:0004573 systemic artery A specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular matrix is firm, providing the tissue with resilience, and/or mineralized and that functions in mechanical and structural support.[VSAO] A specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular matrix is firm, providing the tissue with resilience, and/or mineralized and that functions in mechanical and structural support.[VSAO] EMAPA:37744 MA:0003047 VSAO:0000015 XAO:0004038 ZFA:0005619 uberon UBERON:0004755 Four classes of mineralized tissues are found in vertebrates: bone, cartilage, dentine, and enamel. We think of cartilage and bone as skeletal tissues and of enamel and dentine as dental tissues, but enamel and dentine arose evolutionarily together with bone as skeletal tissues in the dermal skeleton (exoskeleton) of early vertebrates. Scales and teeth of sharks are examples of dermal skeletal elements that are still composed of the three ancient components-enamel, dentine, and bone. Cartilage, on the other hand, provided the basis for the second vertebrate skeletal system, the endoskeleton (Smith and Hall, 1990; Hall, 1998a,b). some invertebrate skeletal tissues have surprisingly bone-like features. Examples include chondrocytes interconnected by cell processes in cephalopod cartilages (Cole and Hall, 2004a,b), and the calcium phosphate layer in the shells of brachiopods (Rodland et al., 2003). However, neither bone nor mineralized cartilage have been found in invertebrates. Editors notes: TODO - develops_from skeletal tissue Organ consisting of skeletal tissue. Encompasses whole bones, fused bones, cartilaginious elements, teeth, dermal denticles. Organ entity that is typically involved in mechanical support and may have different skeletal tissue compositions at different stages.[VSAO] Organ entity that may have different tissue compositions at different stages and is typically involved in mechanical support.[TAO] AAO:0011129 TAO:0001890 VSAO:0000128 XAO:0004012 ZFA:0005494 galen:SkeletalStructure uberon UBERON:0004765 skeletal element Anatomical cluster that connects two or more adjacent skeletal elements or hardened body parts. FBbt:00005811 joint uberon UBERON:0004905 articulation A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract. intended to denote both embryonic and adult structures. Note the FMA grouping here is not quite correct. FBbt:00100315 FMA:71131 uberon alimentary system subdivision intestinal tract segment of intestinal tract subdivision of alimentary system UBERON:0004921 subdivision of digestive tract An organ part that is part of a long bone [Automatically generated definition]. FMA:24008 long bone zone uberon UBERON:0005055 zone of long bone Muscle structures are contractile cells, tissues or organs that are found in multicellular organisms[GO]. in some organisms such as drosophila, muscles can be single cells. This class groups together all discrete muscle elements, from multicellular muscle organs in vertebrates, to individual single-cell muscles in drisophila EMAPA:32715 FBbt:00005073 FMA:30316 musculus uberon muscle muscle element UBERON:0005090 muscle structure Any anatomical structure that is part of the reproductive system. reproductive system element reproductive system structure uberon UBERON:0005156 reproductive structure A structure consisting of multiple cell components but which is not itself a cell and does not have (complete) cells as a part. we go with the FMA classification rather than the CARO one. FMA def: 'Anatomical cluster which has as direct parts cell parts from two or more cells.' AAO:0011000 CARO:0001000 FBbt:00007060 FMA:83115 multi-cell-component structure multi-cell-part structure uberon cell part cluster UBERON:0005162 multi cell part structure An organ or element that is in the abdomen. Examples: spleen, intestine, kidney, abdominal mammary gland. MA:0000522 abdomen organ uberon UBERON:0005172 abdomen element An organ or element that is part of the adbominal segment of the organism. This region can be further subdivided into the abdominal cavity and the pelvic region. EMAPA:37062 MA:0000529 abdominal segment organ uberon UBERON:0005173 abdominal segment element An organ or element that part of the trunk region. The trunk region can be further subdividied into thoracic (including chest and thoracic cavity) and abdominal (including abdomen and pelbis) regions. EMAPA:37270 MA:0000516 trunk organ uberon UBERON:0005177 trunk region element An organ or element that is in the thoracic cavity. Examples: lung, heart, longus colli. EMAPA:37273 MA:0000557 thoracic cavity organ uberon UBERON:0005178 thoracic cavity element An organ that part of the thoracic segment region. This region can be further subdividied chest and thoracic cavity regions. EMAPA:37271 MA:0000563 uberon upper body organ UBERON:0005181 thoracic segment organ A sex gland that is part of a male reproductive system. BTO:0000080 EMAPA:19285 MA:0000399 uberon accessory sex gland UBERON:0005399 male reproductive gland The part of the digestive system that excludes the hepatobiliary system. the decision to split digestive and gastrointestinal in this way may be revisited. As it currently stands, this class more closely aligns what MA calls the alimentary system The system that includes the esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, anus, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas[ncithesaurus:Gastrointestinal_System]. All metazoans (with degenerate exceptions) have some sort of digestive cavity with a means of entrance to and exit from it.[well established][VHOG] that many anatomy ontologies consider this synonymous with digestive system. here we follow MA in dividing digestive system into gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary. hepatobiliary includes the liver and biliary tract. species-specific AO classes are categorized according to whether liver is included. For example, XAO includes liver as part of XAO:0000125 alimentary system, so we assume this class is the more generic class. We have one entity that is part of both gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary systems: hepatopancreatic ampulla. BTO:0000058 CALOHA:TS-0407 EHDAA2:0000110 EHDAA:514 EMAPA:16246 EV:0100056 FMA:71132 GAID:294 MA:0000323 MESH:A03.492 NCIT:C12378 UMLS:C0012240 VHOG:0000412 galen:GastrointestinalTract uberon GI tract alimentary system alimentary tract gastro-intestinal system gastroenterological system gastrointestinal (GI) tract gastrointestinal system gastrointestinal tract UBERON:0005409 alimentary part of gastrointestinal system Any of the ducts that are part of a male reproductive system. this class groups the individual ducts in a variety of species uberon UBERON:0005904 duct of male reproductive system FMA:10483 bone organ zone uberon UBERON:0005913 zone of bone organ Any of the arteries or veins that supply blood to the heart or return blood from the heart muscles to the circulation TODO - change relation from part_of MESH:D003331 uberon UBERON:0005985 coronary vessel A collection of two or more connected limb segments. Examples: arm (comprising stylopod and zeugopod regions). uberon UBERON:0006058 multi-limb segment region https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/514 Liquid components of living organisms. includes fluids that are excreted or secreted from the body as well as body water that normally is not. fluid BIRNLEX:20 EMAPA:37441 FMA:280556 GAID:266 MESH:D001826 galen:BodyFluid body fluid uberon UBERON:0006314 bodily fluid Any gland that is part of the digestive system. AAO:0000130 BTO:0000345 uberon digestive gland UBERON:0006925 digestive system gland A hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood or analogs[GO,modified]. note we reserve the subclass 'heart' from the vertebrate multi-chambered heart. 'The first heart-like organ is believed to have appeared 500my ago in an ancestral bilaterian'. Amniotes: four-chambered heart. Amphibians: two atria, one ventricle, pulmonary; fish: single atrium and ventricle; amphioxus: tubular, non-striated, closed, unidirectional; ascidians: tubular, striated, open, bidirectional; arthropods: tubular, open; C elegans: contractile pharynx; Cnideria: striated muscle cells associated with gastrodermis FBbt:00003154 SPD:0000130 TADS:0000147 dorsal tube heart uberon adult heart UBERON:0007100 Gene notes: Bmp, Nkx, Gata primary circulatory organ The femur neck or neck of the femur is a flattened pyramidal process of bone, connecting the femoral head with the femoral shaft, and forming with the latter a wide angle opening medialward. FMA:42385 GAID:201 MESH:A02.835.232.500.247.510 NCIT:C61563 UMLS:C0015815 galen:NeckOfFemur femoral neck uberon collum femoris femur neck neck of the femur UBERON:0007119 neck of femur http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray243.png An axon tract that is part of a brain. the NIFSTD class 'nerve tract' is classified under 'regional part of brain', so it may seem like it belongs here, but actually includes spinal cord tracts FMA:83848 brain tract uberon landmark tracts UBERON:0007702 tract of brain Anatomical system that consists of all blood and lymph vessels. consider merging with vasculature The cardiovascular and lymphatic systems, collectively[ncithesaurus:Vascular_System]. in both MA and BTO, the arterial system and venous sytem are subtypes of the vascular system BTO:0001085 CALOHA:TS-2053 EHDAA2:0004520 EMAPA:35905 MA:0002718 NCIT:C33854 UMLS:C0489903 uberon Gefaesssystem@de UBERON:0007798 vascular system A limb segment that is part of a hindlimb. FMA:24877 free lower limb segment free lower limb subdivision segment of free lower limb subdivision of free lower limb uberon UBERON:0008784 lower limb segment FMA:25054 region of trunk trunk subdivision uberon UBERON:0009569 subdivision of trunk galen:Diverticulum pouch uberon diverticulum UBERON:0009856 sac An anatomical structure that has more than one cell as a part. CARO:0010000 FBbt:00100313 multicellular structure uberon UBERON:0010000 multicellular anatomical structure An organ of the digestive tract that is capable of retaining and storing food This is a very broad functionally defined grouping class that collects disparate structures from insects to vertebrates BSA:0000123 TADS:0000172 TGMA:0001041 uberon UBERON:0010039 food storage organ Any gland, other than the gonad, associated with the genital tract, such as the ampulla of the ductus deferens and the bulbourethral, prostate and vesicular glands of the male. BTO:0004798 uberon male accessory gland male accessory reproductive gland UBERON:0010147 male accessory sex gland An anatomical structure that has some part that develops from the neural crest. Grouping term for query purposes uberon UBERON:0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest An appendage segment that is part of a limb/fin. limb/fin segment uberon UBERON:0010538 paired limb/fin segment A major subdivision of an organism that divides an organism along an axis perpedicular to the main body anterior-posterior axis. In vertebrates, this is typically a fin or limb segment. In insects, this includes segments of appendages such as antennae, as well as segments of the insect leg. FBbt:00007018 appendage segment appendicular segment uberon UBERON:0010758 subdivision of organism along appendicular axis Synovial joint that articulates bones of upper and lower jaw. Some synapsids retained two pairs of jaw joints - quadrate-articular and tempero-mandibular, but this unusual paired condition did not last long jaw joint NCIT:C32888 craniomandibular joint uberon UBERON:0011171 joint connecting upper and lower jaws A multi cell part structure that is part of a central nervous system. FMA:83143 cell part cluster of neuraxis neuraxis layer uberon UBERON:0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster A subdivision of an anatomical system. FBbt:00007330 FMA:67509 uberon UBERON:0011216 organ system subdivision A major subdivision of an organism that divides an organism along its main body axis (typically anterio-posterior axis). In vertebrates, this is based on the vertebral column. Ideally this would be disjoint with analagous class for appendicular axes, but currently 'appendages' like antennae, horns cause a problem axial subdivision of organism uberon body segment main body segment UBERON:0011676 subdivision of organism along main body axis A zone of skin that is part of a craniocervical region. EMAPA:37276 MA:0000574 NCIT:C12294 UMLS:C1522650 uberon UBERON:0012180 head or neck skin A section through the tube or network of tubes that connects the ovaries to the outside of the body. FMA class may only represent the uterine portion FMA:18302 subdivision of oviduct subdivision of uterine tube uterine tube zone zone of uterine tube subdivision of fallopian tube uberon UBERON:0013515 subdivision of oviduct uberon UBERON:0013522 subdivision of tube The region of the organism associated with the visceral organs. Cardinal body part, which consists of a maximal set of diverse subclasses of organ and organ part spatially associated with the vertebral column and ribcage. Examples: There is only one body proper[FMA:231424]. AEO:0000103 BTO:0001489 EMAPA:36031 FMA:231424 uberon body whole body UBERON:0013702 body proper A blood that is part of a artery. FMA:83066 arterial blood blood in artery portion of arterial blood uberon UBERON:0013755 arterial blood Any of the organs or elements that are part of the digestive system. Examples: tongue, esophagus, spleen, crop, lunge feeding organ, tooth elements. EMAPA:37843 digestive organ digestive system organ uberon UBERON:0013765 digestive system element Any structure that is placed on one side of the left-right axis of a bilaterian. This class is primarily to implement taxon constraints. It may be removed in the future. uberon UBERON:0015212 lateral structure A hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, contributes to the circulation of lymph, blood or analogs. Examples: a chambered vertebrate heart; the tubular peristaltic heart of ascidians; the dorsal vessel of an insect; the lymoh heart of a reptile. heart SPD:0000130 cardiac pump heart or heart like organ circulatory vessel uberon cardiac structure UBERON:0015228 circulatory organ the neck region of a bone organ. bone neck neck of bone uberon UBERON:0018664 neck of bone element A membranous sac in animals that serves as the receptacle of a liquid or contains gas. BTO:0000123 bladder uberon UBERON:0018707 bladder organ An multicellular anatomical structure that has subparts of multiple organs as a part. CARO:0020001 uberon anatomical cluster UBERON:0034921 multi organ part structure A collection of anatomical structures that are alike in terms of their morphology or developmental origin. resolve if this should be a subclass of disconnected anatomical group. Some collections (e.g. the skeleton or skull) are arguably connected uberon UBERON:0034925 anatomical collection A region or zone on the surface of an organism that encompasses skin and any adnexa, down through muscles and bounded by underlying skeletal support structures. uberon UBERON:0034929 external soft tissue zone FMA:55268 organ sector organ zonal region organ zone uberon organ region with floating fiat boundary UBERON:0034944 zone of organ Any chamber of the left side of the heart FMA:7166 uberon UBERON:0035553 left cardiac chamber phenotype Actions done to prevent a disease or to relieve a symptom i.e.: Surgery to remove blood clots Justin Song mchp-appserv.cpe.umanitoba.ca Z29.0 ICDO_0000374 encounter for prophylactic measures, unspecified having problems or an inability adapting to a new environment or culture Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z55-Z65/Z60-/Z60.3 Z60.3 ICDO_0000375 acculturation difficulty no symptoms, but HIV was found in patient's bloodstream Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z20-Z29/Z21-/Z21 Z21 ICDO_0000376 asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] infection status code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z51-/Z51.89 Z51.3 ICDO_0000377 blood transfusion without reported diagnosis Care involving use of other rehabilitation procedures Justin Song, Virginia He http://www0.sun.ac.za/aotc/icd10/mf_icd10_codelist.php?showmaster=mf_icd10_node3&icd10_block=Z00-Z99&icd10_subblock=Z40-Z54&icd10_n3=Z50 Z50.8 ICDO_0000378 care involving use of other rehabilitation procedures the treatment of disease, injury, or deformity by physical methods rather than by drugs or surgery. Justin Song, Virginia He https://medcode.ch/us/en/icds/ICD10-2016/Z50.1 Z50.1 ICDO_0000379 other physical therapy Patient is thought to have been exposed to the virus in question code is used to show that patient has probably been infected because they have been exposed to the infection Justin Song https://www.aafp.org/journals/fpm/blogs/gettingpaid/entry/coronavirus_diagnosis_coding.html https://www.icd10monitor.com/covid-19-coding-dilemma-z20-828-and-z03-818 Z20.8 Z20.828 ICDO_0000380 contact with and (suspected) exposure to other communicable diseases contact with and (suspected) exposure to other viral communicable diseases patient kept under observation for suspected disease/condition Justin Song, Virginia He http://www0.sun.ac.za/aotc/icd10/mf_icd10_codelist.php?showmaster=mf_icd10_node3&icd10_block=Z00-Z99&icd10_subblock=Z00-Z13&icd10_n3=Z03 Z03.9 observation for suspected disease or condition, unspecified the provision of assistance and guidance in resolving personal, social, or psychological problems and difficulties, especially by a professional. Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z69-Z76/Z71-/Z71.9 Z71.9 counseling, unspecified help with diet means the person is not eating healthy. Justin Song http://www.healthyct.org/files/2015/12/Nutritional-Diet-Counseling_Benefit-Payment-Guideline-__FINAL.pdf Z71.3 dietary counseling and surveillance a medical diagnosis of other specified counseling Justin Song, Virginia He https://icdlist.com/icd-10/Z71.89 Z71.89 other specified counseling Encounter for antineoplastic chemotherapy and immunotherapy the treatment of disease by the use of chemical substances, especially the treatment of cancer by cytotoxic and other drugs. Justin Song, Virginia He http://www0.sun.ac.za/aotc/icd10/mf_icd10_codelist.php?showmaster=mf_icd10_node3&icd10_block=Z00-Z99&icd10_subblock=Z40-Z54&icd10_n3=Z51 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z51-/Z51.1 Z51.1 Z51.2 ICDO_0000386 encounter for antineoplastic chemotherapy and immunotherapy other chemotherapy patient under observation for other suspected diseases and conditions Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z00-Z13/Z03-/Z03.8 Z03.8 ICDO_0000386 encounter for observation for other suspected diseases and conditions ruled out encounter for observation due to suspected exposure to biological agents Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z00-Z13/Z03-/Z03.818 Z03.818 ICDO_0000387 encounter for observation for suspected exposure to other biological agents ruled out Encounter for other specified aftercare Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z51-/Z51.8 Z51.8 ICDO_0000388 encounter for other specified aftercare Encounter for fitting and adjustment of extracorporeal dialysis catheter Justin Song, Virginia He https://icd.codes/icd10cm/Z4901#:~:text=MS%2DDRG%20codes.-,Z49.,to%20specify%20a%20medical%20diagnosis. Z49.1 ICDO_0000389 encounter for fitting and adjustment of extracorporeal dialysis catheter unirary device needs replacement Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z46-/Z46.6 Z46.6 ICDO_0000390 encounter for fitting and adjustment of urinary device improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problem associated with life-threatening illness Justin Song, Virginia He https://icdlist.com/icd-10/Z51.5 Z51.5 ICDO_0000391 encounter for palliative care Follow-up examination after other treatment for other conditions Justin Song, Virginia He https://icd.codes/icd10cm/Z09 Z09.8 follow-up examination after other treatment for other conditions screening is done to prevent a disease or to help identify the disease. Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z00-Z13/Z13- Z13.9 ICDO_0000393 encounter for screening, unspecified screening for respiratory condition Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z00-Z13/Z13-/Z13.83 Z13.83 ICDO_0000394 encounter for screening for respiratory disorder NEC Persons lacking permanent or reliable shelter, variously due to poverty, lack of affordable housing, mental illness, substance abuse, juvenile alienation, or other factors. Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z55-Z65/Z59-/Z59.0 Z59.0 ICDO_0000395 homelessness used to specify what condition the patient is under Justin Song http://resources.hwb.wales.gov.uk/VTC/2012-13/22032013/hsc/eng/unit-4/u4-rthawb/u4-rthawb12.htm#:~:text=Inadequate%20housing%20is%20housing%20that,Unsafe%20%E2%80%93%20need%20repairs%2C%20electrical%20faults Z59.1 ICDO_0000396 inadequate housing Patient awaiting admission to adequate facility elsewhere Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z69-Z76/Z75-/Z75.1 Z75.1 ICDO_0000397 person awaiting admission to adequate facility elsewhere patient needs assisstance with personal care Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z69-Z76/Z74-/Z74.1 Z74.1 ICDO_0000398 need for assistance with personal care the patient needs help living everyday life at home. Justin Song https://icd.codes/icd10cm/Z742#:~:text=Disorders%2C%20Version%205)-,Z74.,to%20specify%20a%20medical%20diagnosis. Z74.2 ICDO_0000399 need for assistance at home and no other household member able to render care patient whose mobility is reduced Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z69-Z76/Z74-/Z74.0 Z74.0 ICDO_0000400 reduced mobility person is disabled physically or mentally, so they are in need of medical services Justin Song https://icd.codes/icd10cm/Z7689 Z76.8 ICDO_0000401 persons encountering health services in other specified circumstances used to specify that the patient has used insulin. This can help identify diseases Justin Song https://icd.codes/icd10cm/Z794 Z79.4 ICDO_0000402 long term (current) use of insulin Therapeutic drug induced immunosuppression, long term use Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z79-/Z79.899 Z79.899 ICDO_0000403 other long term (current) drug therapy a procedure used to widen blocked or narrowed coronary arteries Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z95-/Z95.5 Z95.5 ICDO_0000404 presence of coronary angioplasty implant and graft may be used to specify diseases Justin Song https://icdlist.com/icd-10/Z96.698 Z96.6 ICDO_0000405 presence of orthopedic joint implants a surgical procedure that redirects blood flow from one area of the body to another by reconnecting the blood vessels Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z95-/Z95.8 Z95.8 ICDO_0000406 presence of other cardiac and vascular implants and grafts someone that lives alone is more keen to become stressed, bored, or other mental states Justin Song https://www.apartmenttherapy.com/5-problems-you-only-face-while-living-alone-and-how-to-deal-with-them-205760 Z60.2 ICDO_0000407 problems related to living alone signs such as jaw pain or chills that help identify the disease https://icd.codes/icd10cm/R688 R68.89 other general symptoms and signs Justin Song ICDO_0000408 general symptoms signs such as jaw pain or chills that help identify the disease https://icd.codes/icd10cm/R688 R68.89 other general symptoms and signs Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000409 general signs a medical diagnosis of person with feared health complaint in whom no diagnosis is made. Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z69-Z76/Z71-/Z71.1 Z71.1 ICDO_0000410 person with feared health complaint in whom no diagnosis is made describes the circumstance causing an injury https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/V00-Y99/Y90-Y99/Y95-/Y95 Y95 Justin Song 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000411 nosocomial condition abnormal results from cardiogram https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R90-R94/R94-/R94.31 R94.31 Abnormal electrocardiogram [ECG] [EKG] Justin Song, Virginia He 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000412 abnormal electrocardiogram Abnormal findings on diagnostic imaging of lung https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R90-R94/R91-/R91 R91 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000413 abnormal findings on diagnostic imaging of lung nonspecific abnormal finding of lung field https://icdlist.com/icd-10/R91.8 R91.8 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000414 other nonspecific abnormal finding of lung field this abnormal level indicates damage to the liver https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/elevated-liver-enzymes/basics/definition/sym-20050830 R74.8 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000415 abnormal levels of other serum enzymes tests on the patients liver have given results that are abnormal https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R90-R94/R94-/R94.5 R94.5 7/23/2020 Justin Song ICDO_0000416 abnormal results of liver function studies Oliguria is defined as a urine output that is less than 400 mL/24 h or less than 17 mL/h in adults. Anuria is defined as urine output that is less than 100 mL/24 h or 0 mL/12 h. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-13-7677-1_25#:~:text=Oliguria%20is%20defined%20as%20a,or%200%20mL%2F12%20h. R34 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000417 anuria and oliguria Excessive slowness in the action of the heart https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R00-R09/R00-/R00.1 R00.1 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000418 bradycardia, unspecified could be a sign of bowel cancer https://www.oncolink.org/frequently-asked-questions/cancers/what-is-meant-by-a-change-in-bowel-habits#:~:text=The%20term%20%22change%20in%20bowel,can%20do%20the%20same%20thing. R19.4 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000419 change in bowel habit blood pressure above 120/80 mm https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R00-R09/R03-/R03.0 R03.0 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000420 elevated blood-pressure reading, without diagnosis of hypertension high LDH levels indicate tissue damage. https://www.healthline.com/health/lactate-dehydrogenase-test#results R74.0 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000421 nonspecific elevation of levels of transaminase and lactic acid dehydrogenase a deviation from normal walking (gait) https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D60-D64/D62-/D62 R26.8 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000422 other abnormalities of gait and mobility blood tests have found abnormalities of protiens in the blood which can indicate clues for a potential ilness https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R70-R79/R77-/R77.8 R77.8 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000423 other specified abnormalities of plasma proteins A condition characterized by alterations of the sense of taste which may range from mild to severe, including gross distortions of taste quality. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R40-R46/R43-/R43.2 R43.2 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000424 parageusia Prediabetes is when your blood sugar level is higher than it should be but not high enough for your doctor to diagnose diabetes https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R70-R79/R73-/R73.03 R73.03 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000425 prediabetes Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a heart rate above 100 beats per minute for adults. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R00-R09/R00-/R00.0 R00.0 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000426 tachycardia, unspecified a person urinates when they do not want to https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R30-R39/R32-/R32 R32 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000427 unspecified urinary incontinence A profound state of unconsciousness associated with depressed cerebral activity from which the individual cannot be aroused. Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R40-R46/R40-/R40.2 R40.2 ICDO_0000428 coma main symptom of dyspnea is labored breathing. It's definition as a word is "labored breathing" https://www.healthline.com/health/dyspnea R06.0 Justin Song ICDO_0000429 dyspnea shortness of breath https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B95-B97/B97-/B97.2 R06.00 dyspnea, unspecified Justin Song 7/22/2020 ICDO_0000430 dyspnea, unspecified Body temprature is raised to fight pathogens R50.9 Justin Song fever ICDO_0000431 fever, unspecified a fever caused by a drug https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R50-/R50.2 R50.2 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000432 drug induced fever when your temperature rises above its normal range https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R50-/R50.8 other specified fever Justin Song 7/22/2020 ICDO_0000433 specified fever Coughing or spitting up blood from the respiratory tract. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R00-R09/R04-/R04.2 R04.2 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000434 hemoptysis a symptom that makes one feel weakness, discomfort, or illness https://www.healthline.com/health/malaise R53 malaise Justin Song 7/22/2020 fatigue ICDO_0000435 malaise and fatigue feelings of tiredness/lack of energy https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R53-/R53.83 R53.83 other fatigue Justin Song 7/22/2020 ICDO_0000436 other fatigue A disorder characterized by a feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness, an out-of-sorts feeling. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R53-/R53.81 R53.81 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000437 other malaise A disorder characterized by a queasy sensation and/or the urge to vomit https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R10-R19/R11-/R11.0 R11.0 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000438 nausea symptoms of dizziness and vomiting that can help find the disease the patient is under https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/digestive-diseases-nausea-vomiting#1 R11 nausea with vomiting Justin Song 7/22/2020 ICDO_0000439 nausea with vomiting symptoms that can help find the disease the patient is under https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/digestive-diseases-nausea-vomiting#1 R11.2 Justin Song 7/22/2020 ICDO_0000440 nausea with vomiting, unspecified patient is traumatized to a point that they cannot send commands to body parts https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R57-/R57.8 R57.8 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000441 other shock Shock resulting from primary failure of the heart in its pumping function https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R57-/R57.0 R57.0 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000442 cardiogenic shock when a patient has lost more than 20% of their blood and he or she enter shock https://www.healthline.com/health/hypovolemic-shock#:~:text=Hypovolemic%20shock%20is%20a%20life,can%20lead%20to%20organ%20failure. R57.1 hyopolvemic shock Justin Song 7/22/2020 ICDO_0000443 hypovolemic shock severe and potentially fatal condition that occurs when sepsis leads to life-threatening low blood pressure. https://www.galenreasoner.com/icd10codes/R57.2 R57.2 ICDO_0000444 septic shock A category of mental health disorders that primarily affect cognitive abilities including learning, memory, perception, and problem solving. Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R40-R46/R41-/R41.8 R41.8 ICDO_0000445 other symptoms and signs involving cognitive functions and awareness physical suffering or discomfort caused by illness or injury https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R52-/R52 R52 pain, unspecified Justin Song, Virginia He 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000446 pain pain that lasts from 3-6 months related to soft tissue https://www.spine-health.com/glossary/acute-pain#:~:text=Acute%20pain%20is%20a%20type,as%20the%20injured%20tissues%20heal. R52.0 Justin Song 7/22/2020 ICDO_0000447 acute pain pain in the chest not caused by heart disease or heart attack https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15851-gerd-non-cardiac-chest-pain#:~:text=In%20most%20people%2C%20non%2Dcardiac,stress%2C%20anxiety%2C%20and%20depression. R07.4 chest pain, unspecified Justin Song 7/22/2020 ICDO_0000448 chest pain pain in the chest, unspecified cause https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R00-R09/R07-/R07.9 R07.9 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000449 chest pain, unspecified Usually a symptom of a disease or caused by physical damage https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R00-R09/R07-/R07.89 R07.89 other chest pain Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000450 other chest pain a disorder characterized by a sensation of marked discomfort in the head https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R51-/R51 R51 Justin Song 7/22/2020 ICDO_0000451 headache stomach pain or a stomachache https://icd.codes/icd10cm/R109 R10.4 Justin Song 7/22/2020 ICDO_0000452 other and unspecified abdominal pain pain that lasts more that half a year http://www0.sun.ac.za/aotc/icd10/mf_icd10_codelist.php?showmaster=mf_icd10_node3&icd10_block=R00-R99&icd10_subblock=R50-R69&icd10_n3=R52 R52.2 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000453 other chronic pain a type of pain that can't be controlled with standard medical care https://www.healthline.com/health/intractable-pain#:~:text=Intractable%20pain%20refers%20to%20a,intractable%20pain%20disease%2C%20or%20IP. R52.1 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000454 chronic intractable pain A sudden movement downward (fall), usually resulting in injury. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R25-R29/R29-/R29.6 R29.6 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000455 repeated falls this is a symptom of many diseases that attack the respiratory system https://www.healthline.com/health/coronavirus-shortness-of-breath#what-it-feels-like R06.02 Justin Song Respiratory distress ICDO_0000456 shortness of breath Examples: fever >38 degrees c or hypothermia <36 degrees c; tachycardia >90 beat/minute; tachypnea >24 breaths/minute; (4) leukocytosis >12,000 cells/cubic mm or 10% immature forms. https://www.galenreasoner.com/icd10codes/R65.9 R65.0 Symptoms and signs specifically associated with systemic inflammation and infection. Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000457 symptoms specifically associated with systemic inflammation and infection is inflammation (swelling and irritation) of the epididymis, a tube at the back of the testicle that carries sperm Justin Song https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17697-epididymitis#:~:text=Epididymitis%20is%20inflammation%20(swelling%20and,ages%20of%2014%20and%2035. R45.1 ICDO_0000458 epididymitis A disorder characterized by swelling due to excessive fluid accumulation at a specific anatomic site https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R60-/R60.0 R60.0 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000459 localized edema a serious condition related to systemic inflammation, organ dysfunction, and organ failure. https://icd.codes/icd10cm/R651#:~:text=ICD%2D10%2DCM%20Code%20R65.,SIRS)%20of%20non%2Dinfectious%20origin R65.1 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000460 systemic inflammatory response syndrome of non-infectious origin fainting or passing out insufficient blood flow to the brain https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/symptoms-diagnosis--monitoring-of-arrhythmia/syncope-fainting#:~:text=Syncope%20is%20a%20temporary%20loss,enough%20oxygen%20to%20the%20brain. R55 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000461 syncope and collapse decrease of strength in one or more muscles https://www.medicinenet.com/weakness/symptoms.htm R53.1 weakness Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000462 weakness Death occurring less than 24 hours from onset symptoms, not otherwise https://medcode.ch/us/en/icds/ICD10-2016/R96 R96.1 Justin Song 7/22/2020 ICDO_0000463 sudden death, cause unknown A condition in which the blood is too acidic. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E70-E88/E87-/E87.2 E87.2 Justin Song, Virginia He, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000464 acidosis blood sugar (glucose) levels are abnormally high because the body does not produce enough insulin to meet its needs. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E08-E13/E11-/E11.9#:~:text=Type%202%20diabetes%20mellitus%20without%20complications,-2016%202017%202018&text=9%20is%20a%20billable%2Fspecific,effective%20on%20October%201%2C%202019. E11.90 Justin Song, Virginia He, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000465 diabetes mellitus without complications combined defect of insulin serection and insulin resistance https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1336077/ E11.7 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000466 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with multiple complications disorders of lipoprotein metabolism that lead to atherosclerosis. These abnormalities arise from genetic and secondary factors and are caused by excessive entry of lipoproteins into the bloodstream or an impairment in their removal, or both. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E70-E88/E78-/E78.9 E78.9 Justin Song, Virginia He, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000467 disorder of lipoprotein metabolism, unspecified occur when the body has too little or too much calcium. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E70-E88/E83-/E83.5 E83.5 Justin Song, Virginia He, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000468 disorders of calcium metabolism Conditions with excess lipids in the blood. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E70-E88/E78-/E78.5 E78.5 Justin Song, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000469 hyperlipidemia, unspecified A condition characterized by a dry, waxy type of swelling (edema) with abnormal deposits of mucopolysaccharides in the skin and other tissues. It is caused by a deficiency of thyroid hormones. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E00-E07/E03-/E03.9 E87.1 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000470 hypo-osmolality and hyponatremia A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate a low concentration of potassium in the blood. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E70-E88/E87-/E87.6 E87.6 Billable Justin Song, Virginia He, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000471 hypokalemia A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate a low concentration of potassium in the blood. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E70-E88/E87-/E87.6 E87.6 unbillable Justin Song, Virginia He, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000472 hypokalemia (unbillable) A condition characterized by a dry, waxy type of swelling (edema) with abnormal deposits of mucopolysaccharides in the skin and other tissues. It is caused by a deficiency of thyroid hormones. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E00-E07/E03-/E03.9 E03.9 Justin Song, Virginia He, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000473 hypothyroidism, unspecified A disorder of lipoprotein metabolism characterized by high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. It is caused by elevation of low density and very low density lipoproteins. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E70-E88/E78-/E78.2 E78.2 Justin Song, Virginia He, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000474 mixed hyperlipidemia an energy deficit due to chronic deficiency of all macronutrients https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E40-E46/E44-/E44.0 E44.0 Justin Song, Virginia He, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000475 moderate protein-calorie malnutrition an underactive thyroid gland. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E00-E07/E03-/E03.8 E03.8 Justin Song, Virginia He, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000476 other specified hypothyroidism having more weight than the average human Justin Song, Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E65-E68/E66- E66 ICDO_0000477 overweight and obesity an abnormally high, unhealthy amount of body fat https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E65-E68/E66-/E66.01 E66.01 Justin Song, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000478 morbid (severe) obesity due to excess calories a condition marked by an abnormally high, unhealthy amount of body fat. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E65-E68/E66-#E66.0 E66.0 Justin Song, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000479 obesity due to excess calories A condition marked by an abnormally high, unhealthy amount of body fat. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E65-E68/E66-/E66.9 E66.9 Justin Song, Virginia He, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000480 obesity, unspecified blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels are too high. With type 2 diabetes, the more common type, your body does not make or use insulin well. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E08-E13/E11-/E11.5 E11.5 Justin Song, Virginia He, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000481 type 2 diabetes mellitus with circulatory complications a chronic medical condition in which sugar, or glucose, levels build up in your bloodstream. In type 2 diabetes, your body's cells aren't able to respond to insulin as well as they should. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E08-E13/E11-/E11.22 E11.22 Justin Song, Virginia He, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000482 type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic chronic kidney disease A chronic condition that affects the way the body processes blood sugar (glucose) https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E08-E13/E11-/E11.65 E11.65 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000483 type 2 diabetes mellitus with hyperglycemia poorly controlled diabetes can lead to problems within the kidneys https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetic-nephropathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20354556#:~:text=Diabetic%20nephropathy%20is%20a%20common,and%20cause%20high%20blood%20pressure. E11.2 Justin Song 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000484 type 2 diabetes mellitus with kidney complications high levels of sugar in the blood https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/type-2-diabetes-mellitus-a-to-z E11.9 Justin Song 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000485 type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications an energy deficit due to chronic deficiency of all macronutrients https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E40-E46/E43-/E43 E43 Justin Song, Virginia He, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000486 unspecified severe protein-calorie malnutrition A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of vitamin d in the diet, insufficient production of vitamin d in the skin, inadequate absorption of vitamin d from the diet, or abnormal conversion of vitamin d to its bioactive metabolites. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E50-E64/E55-/E55.9 E55.9 Justin Song, Virginia He, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000487 vitamin D deficiency, unspecified Abnormally decreased volume of circulating fluid (plasma) in body. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E70-E88/E86-/E86 E86 Justin Song, Virginia He, Grace Whah 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000488 volume depletion symptoms during pregnancy and the puerperium (after the pregnancy) Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O94-O9A/O99-/O99.89 O99.89 ICDO_0000489 other specified diseases and conditions complicating pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium symptoms that are related to being pregnant, pregnancy is in the first trimester Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O20-O29/O26-/O26.891 O26.891 ICDO_0000490 other specified pregnancy related conditions, first trimester a rare, itchy skin eruption that usually happens in the second or third trimester of pregnancy. It often begins with the appearance of very itchy red bumps or blisters on your abdomen and trunk, though it can show up on other parts of your body https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O20-O29/O26-/O26.41 O26.41 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000491 herpes gestationis, first trimester when a mother gains weight during pregnancy https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O20-O29/O26-/O26.11 O26.11 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000492 low weight gain in pregnancy, first trimester when a mother becomes exhausted or fatigued during pregnancy https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O20-O29/O26-/O26.811 O26.811 Justin Song, Virginia He ICDO_0000493 pregnancy related exhaustion and fatigue, first trimester symptoms that are related to being pregnant, pregnancy is in the second trimester Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O20-O29/O26-/O26.892 O26.892 ICDO_0000494 other specified pregnancy related conditions, second trimester a rare, itchy skin eruption that usually happens in the second or third trimester of pregnancy. It often begins with the appearance of very itchy red bumps or blisters on your abdomen and trunk, though it can show up on other parts of your body https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O20-O29/O26-/O26.42 O26.42 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000495 herpes gestationis, second trimester when a mother gains weight during pregnancy https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O20-O29/O26-/O26.12 O26.12 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000496 low weight gain in pregnancy, second trimester Fatigue caused from being pregnant, pregnancy is in the second trimester Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O20-O29/O26-/O26.812 O26.812 ICDO_0000497 pregnancy related exhaustion and fatigue, second trimester symptoms that are related to being pregnant, pregnancy is in the third trimester Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O20-O29/O26-/O26.893 O26.893 ICDO_0000498 other specified pregnancy related conditions, third trimester a rare, itchy skin eruption that usually happens in the second or third trimester of pregnancy. It often begins with the appearance of very itchy red bumps or blisters on your abdomen and trunk, though it can show up on other parts of your body https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O20-O29/O26-/O26.43 O26.43 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000499 herpes gestationis, third trimester when a mother gains weight during pregnancy https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O20-O29/O26-/O26.13 O26.13 Justin Song, Virginia He 7/25/2020 ICDO_0000500 low weight gain in pregnancy, third trimester Fatigue caused from being pregnant, pregnancy is in the third trimester Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O20-O29/O26-/O26.813 O26.813 ICDO_0000501 pregnancy related exhaustion and fatigue, third trimester general changes in brain function, such as confusion, amnesia (memory loss), loss of alertness, disorientation (not cognizant of self, time, or place), defects in judgment or thought, unusual or strange behavior, poor regulation of emotions, and disruptions in perception Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R40-R46/R41-/R41.82 R41.82 ICDO_0000502 altered mental status, unspecified emotional disorder that makes the patient try to lose weight https://www.google.com/search?q=anorexia&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS889US889&oq=Anorexia&aqs=chrome.0.0l8.466j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 R63.0 anorexia Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000503 anorexia Aphasia is the term for full loss of language and dysphasia is the term for partial loss of language. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R47-R49/R47-/R47.0 R47.0 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000504 dysphasia and aphasia a strong desire for sleep https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somnolence#:~:text=Somnolence%20(alternatively%20%22sleepiness%22%20or,long%20periods%20(compare%20hypersomnia). R40.0 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000505 somnolence effects a persons mental health and emotional state Justin Song https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17843-mood-disorders#:~:text=A%20mood%20disorder%20is%20a,change%2C%20depending%20on%20the%20situation. F06.7 ICDO_0000506 mood disorder due to known physiological condition someone has drank alcohol so much, that they depend on it to function Justin Song https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3860472/ F10.2 ICDO_0000507 alcohol dependence feelings of stress or fear that the patient cannot understand Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F40-F48/F41-/F41.1 F41.1 ICDO_0000508 generalized anxiety disorder A category of psychiatric disorders which are characterized by anxious feelings or fear often accompanied by physical symptoms associated with anxiety. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F40-F48/F41-/F41.9 F41.9 Justin Song ICDO_0000509 anxiety disorder, unspecified feelings of severe despondency and dejection, a feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease, typically about an imminent event or something with an uncertain outcome Justin Song, Virginia He http://www0.sun.ac.za/aotc/icd10/mf_icd10_codelist.php?showmaster=mf_icd10_node3&icd10_block=F00-F99&icd10_subblock=F40-F48&icd10_n3=F41 F41.2 ICDO_0000510 mixed anxiety and depressive disorder A disorder characterized by melancholic feelings of grief or unhappiness. Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F30-F39/F32-/F32.9 F32.9 ICDO_0000511 major depressive disorder, single episode, unspecified nicotine gives temprorary pleasure effects in your brain Justin Song https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nicotine-dependence/symptoms-causes/syc-20351584#:~:text=Nicotine%20dependence%20occurs%20when%20you,you%20need%20to%20feel%20good. F17.2 ICDO_0000512 nicotine dependence A condition in which a person loses the ability to think, remember, learn, make decisions, and solve problems. Symptoms may also include personality changes and emotional problems. Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F01-F09/F03-/F03 F03 ICDO_0000513 unspecified dementia majority of diagnosed are above the age of 65, this disease is not treatable. Justin Song https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers F00.1 ICDO_0000514 dementia in alzheimer's disease with late onset a damaging immune response by the body to a substance, especially pollen, fur, a particular food, or dust, to which it has become hypersensitive. Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z88-/Z88.8 Z88.8 ICDO_0000515 allergy status to other drugs, medicaments and biological substances status allergy to opiate agonist Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z88-/Z88.5 Z88.5 ICDO_0000516 allergy status to narcotic agent status code is used to show the patient cannot be given penicillin Justin Song https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/penicillin-allergy/symptoms-causes/syc-20376222 Z88.0 ICDO_0000517 allergy status to penicillin patient is depending on renal dialysis which is a procedure that is a substitute for many of the normal functions of the kidneys Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z99-/Z99.2 Z99.2 ICDO_0000518 dependence on renal dialysis inability to breathe independently leading to dependence on respirator Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z99-/Z99.1 Z99.1 ICDO_0000519 dependence on respirator inability to breathe independently leading to dependence on respirator Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z99-/Z99.11 Z99.11 ICDO_0000520 dependence on respirator [ventilator] status dependence on wheelchair Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z99-/Z99.3 Z99.3 ICDO_0000521 dependence on wheelchair used to specify conditions like chronic kidey disease Justin Song https://icdlist.com/icd-10/Z94.0 Z94.0 ICDO_0000522 kidney transplant status Interruptions, blockage, or diseases that affect how your heart or blood vessels pump blood can cause complications such as heart disease or stroke. Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z86-/Z86.7 Z86.7 ICDO_0000523 personal history of diseases of the circulatory system Treatment that lowers the activity of the body's immune system. Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z92-/Z92.25 Z92.2 ICDO_0000524 personal history of immunosupression therapy thinner blood Justin Song, Virginia He http://www0.sun.ac.za/aotc/icd10/mf_icd10_codelist.php?showmaster=mf_icd10_node3&icd10_block=Z00-Z99&icd10_subblock=Z80-Z99&icd10_n3=Z92 Z92.1 ICDO_0000525 personal history of long-term (current) use of anticoagulants malignant, aggressive tumor that forms in the breast Justin Song, Virginia He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z85-/Z85.3 Z85.3 ICDO_0000526 personal history of malignant neoplasm of breast tumors appear in the digestive system and stops functions Justin Song https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digestive_system_neoplasm#:~:text=Digestive%20system%20neoplasms%20are%20tumors,gastric%20cancer Z95.0 ICDO_0000527 personal history of malignant neoplasm of digestive organs a history of medical treatment Justin Song https://icd.codes/icd10cm/Z92#:~:text=ICD%2D10%2DCM%20Code%20Z92%20%2D%20Personal%20history%20of%20medical%20treatment Z92.6 ICDO_0000528 personal history of medical treatment patient has had a history with nicotine. This information can be used to help pin down the exact disease Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z87-/Z87.891#:~:text=Personal%20history%20of%20nicotine%20dependence,-2016%202017%202018&text=Code%20POA%20Exempt-,Z87.,effective%20on%20October%201%2C%202019. Z87.891 ICDO_0000529 personal history of nicotine dependence A cough that lasts for at least eight weeks. Usually just a minor annoyance www.mayoclinic.org R05 Justin Song ICDO_0000530 chronic cough A condition due to lack of oxygen in respired air due to inhaling too much carbon monoxide https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R00-R09/R09-/R09.0 R09.0 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000531 asphyxia and hypoxemia A condition in which there is not enough oxygen in the blood. Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R00-R09/R09-/R09.02 R09.02 Billable ICDO_0000533 hypoxemia A condition of frequent and watery bowel movements. Causes of diarrhea include bacteria, viruses or parasites, certain medicines, food intolerances and diseases that affect the stomach, small intestine or colon. Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R10-R19/R19-/R19.7 R19.7 ICDO_0000534 diarrhea, unspecified A disorder characterized by a lack of clear and orderly thought and behavior. Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R40-R46/R41-/R41.0 R41.0 ICDO_0000535 disorientation, unspecified A disorder characterized by elevation of the body's temperature above the upper limit of normal Justin Song http://www.icd9data.com/2015/Volume1/780-799/780-789/780/780.6.htm Z80.6 ICDO_0000536 fever and other physiologic disturbances of temperature regulation Uremia resulting not from primary renal disease but from disturbances in circulation, fluid balance, or metabolism arising in other parts of the body. Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R30-R39/R39-/R39.2 R39.2 ICDO_0000537 extrarenal uremia high blood potassium levels Justin Song, Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E70-E88/E87-/E87.5 E87.5 ICDO_0000538 hyperkalemia chemistry tests are used to diagnose many conditions and diseases Justin Song https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/blood-chemistry-test R79.89 ICDO_0000539 other specified abnormal findings of blood chemistry diabetes is usually an inherited disease that makes people obese and have problems with daily life Justin Song https://icd.codes/icd10cm/E118#:~:text=a%20principal%20diagnosis.-,E11.,to%20specify%20a%20medical%20diagnosis. E11.8 ICDO_0000540 type 2 diabetes mellitus with unspecified complications when a patient uses or loses more fluid than they take in Justin Song https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dehydration/symptoms-causes/syc-20354086#:~:text=Overview,fluids%2C%20you%20will%20get%20dehydrated. E86.0 ICDO_0000541 dehydration genetic anomaly that causes high cholesterol levels Justin Song https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/316173#complications E78.0 ICDO_0000542 pure hypercholesterolemia careful watch of patient who has a high chance of being pregnant Justin Song http://www0.sun.ac.za/aotc/icd10/mf_icd10_codelist.php?showmaster=mf_icd10_node3&icd10_block=Z00-Z99&icd10_subblock=Z30-Z39&icd10_n3=Z35 Z35.8 ICDO_0000543 supervision of other high-risk pregnancies used to just note the patient's status with their pregnancy Justin Song https://icdlist.com/icd-10/Z37.0 Z37.0 ICDO_0000544 single live birth high blood sugar because body cannot break down the sugar being taken in Justin Song https://icd.codes/icd10cm/E1169#:~:text=a%20principal%20diagnosis.-,E11.,to%20specify%20a%20medical%20diagnosis. E11.6 ICDO_0000545 type 2 diabetes mellitus with other specified complications patient is unable to walk due to an unspecified reason Justin Song R26.2 ICDO_0000546 difficulty in walking, not elsewhere classified Abnormally high blood glucose level, could be a sign of diabetes https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R70-R79/R73-/R73.9 R73.9 Justin Song 7/23/2020 ICDO_0000547 hyperglycemia, unspecified type 2 diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis this is a record of the patient Justin Song http://www0.sun.ac.za/aotc/icd10/mf_icd10_codelist.php?showmaster=mf_icd10_node3&icd10_block=Z00-Z99&icd10_subblock=Z80-Z99&icd10_n3=Z92 Z92.4 ICDO_0000548 personal history of major surgery, not elsewhere classified a serious condition resulting from the presence of harmful microorganisms in the blood or other tissues and the body’s response to their presence, potentially leading to the malfunctioning of various organs, shock, and death. Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/A30-A49/A41-/A41.89 A41.89 Billable ICDO_0000549 other specified sepsis A disorder characterized by insufficiently healthy hematapoietic cell production by the bone marrow. Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/D37-D48/D46-/D46.9 D46.9 Billable ICDO_0000550 myelodysplastic syndrome, unspecified A blood disorder characterized by the appearance of sickle-shaped red blood cells and anemia. Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D55-D59/D57-/D57.1 D57.1 Billable ICDO_0000551 sickle-cell disease without crisis body does not have enough nutrition to sustain itself Justin Song, Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E40-E46/E44-/E44.1 E44.1 Billable ICDO_0000552 mild protein-calorie malnutrition iron deficiecy is due to insufficient iron Justin Song, Grace Whah https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/E00-E89/E50-E64/E61-/E61.1 E61.1 Billable ICDO_0000553 iron deficiency this code must be sequenced as the second code, since it specifies that the disease has dementia in other diseases Justin Song https://acdis.org/articles/qa-%E2%80%98code-first%E2%80%99-versus-%E2%80%98-diseases-classified-elsewhere%E2%80%99 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F01-F09/F02-/F02.8 F02.8 Non-Billable ICDO_0000554 dementia in other diseases classified elsewhere An acutely disturbed state of mind that occurs in fever, intoxication, and other disorders and is characterized by restlessness, illusions, and incoherence of thought and speech https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/delirium F05.0 Billable ICDO_0000555 delirium due to known physiological condition patients falls into depression, one episode Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F30-F39/F32-/F32.2 F32.2 Billable ICDO_0000556 major depressive disorder, single episode, severe without psychotic features A disorder characterized by difficulty in falling asleep and/or remaining asleep. Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G40-G47/G47-/G47.0 G47.0 Non-Billable ICDO_0000559 insomnia a sudden blockage in a lung artery. The cause is usually a blood clot in the leg called a deep vein thrombosis that breaks loose and travels through the bloodstream to the lung Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I26-I28/I26-/I26.99 I26.99 Billable ICDO_0000560 other pulmonary embolism without acute cor pulmonale A pathological constriction that can occur above (supravalvular stenosis), below (subvalvular stenosis), or at the aortic valve. It is characterized by restricted outflow from the left ventricle into the aorta. Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I30-I52/I35-/I35.0 I35.0 Billable ICDO_0000561 nonrheumatic aortic (valve) stenosis Cessation of heart beat or myocardial contraction. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation Justin Song https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I30-I52/I46- I46.0 Non-Billable ICDO_0000562 cardiac arrest Justin Song disease processes of the blood stream disease (process) related to pregnancy mental disease processes Justin Song personal status and history A disease is a particular abnormal condition that negatively affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism, and that is not due to any immediate external injury. Jennifer Odalys Roman New: disease An anotomical entity that refers to the side of the body affected Ling Wan, Oliver He anatomical side laterality http://provcomm.ibx.com/ProvComm/ProvComm.nsf/afe9b349fb4d82ef85257912006dc3f7/d72597970a1e0b49852579d1004b472c!OpenDocument laterality of anatomical entity external ear canal eczema JYPM 外耳道湿疹 JYPM 湿疹 eczema entity 湿疹体 chronic external ear canal otitis JYPM 慢性外耳道炎 JYPM external ear canal abscess PKPM 外耳道脓肿 PKPM granuloma behind ear PKPM 耳后肉芽肿 PKPM behind ear 耳后 pinna perichondritis PKPM 耳廓软骨膜炎 PKPM Ling Wan, Oliver He right side of anatomical entity Ling Wan, Oliver He left side of anatomical entity Ling Wan, Oliver He bilateral side of anatomical entity Ling Wan, Oliver He Unilateral, unspecified unspecified unilateral side of anatomical entity Ling Wan, Oliver He unspecified laterality of anatomical entity swimmer's ear LHEM 游泳者耳病 LHEM A benign condition in which there is a higher-than-normal level of a protein called m protein in the blood. Grace Whah D47.2 Billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/D37-D48/D47-/D47.2 monoclonal gammopathy the etiology entity is the reason or origination of disease process Etiology Entity Genetic Entity 遗传因素 Inflammation of bone caused by infection, generally in the legs, arm, or spine. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9495-osteomyelitis#:~:text=Osteomyelitis%20is%20a%20bacterial%2C%20or,supply%20to%20the%20affected%20bone. M86.8 non-billable bone spine https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M86-M90/M86-/M86.8 Bone infection UBERON:0013706 New: Other osteomyelitis Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a group of diseases that includes: stable angina, unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and sudden coronary death. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I20-I25/I25-/I25.89 billable coronary artery https://icd.codes/icd10cm/I2589 UBERON:0001621 Other forms of chronic ischemic heart disease a broken bone that's caused by a disease, rather than an injury. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.healthline.com/health/pathologic-fracture#:~:text=A%20pathologic%20fracture%20is%20a,been%20weakened%20by%20an%20illness. M84.453S femur https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M80-M85/M84/M84.4-/M84.453S Pathological fracture, unspecified femur, sequela other unspecified acquired perforation of ear DP When fluid remains in the middle ear, the condition is called chronic serous otitis media. Sometimes a middle ear infection causes a hole (perforation) in the eardrum. A hole that does not heal within six weeks Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/chronic-otitis-media-cholesteatoma-and-mastoiditis-a-to-z H65.2 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H60-H95/H65-H75/H65-/H65.2 Chronic serous otitis media When fluid remains in the middle ear, the condition is called chronic serous otitis media. Sometimes a middle ear infection causes a hole (perforation) in the eardrum. A hole that does not heal within six weeks Jennifer Odalys Roman Chronic serous otitis media https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/chronic-otitis-media-cholesteatoma-and-mastoiditis-a-to-z H65.20 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H60-H95/H65-H75/H65-/H65.20 Chronic serous otitis media, unspecified ear Pain in the inner or outer ear that may interfere with ability to hear, often caused by excess fluid and infection. Jennifer Odalys Roman Ear pain https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/845173-overview H92.09 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H60-H95/H90-H94/H92-/H92.09 Otalgia, unspecified ear Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is an acute form of leukemia, or cancer of the white blood cells, characterized by the overproduction and accumulation of cancerous, immature white blood cells, known as lymphoblasts. Jennifer Odalys Roman Acute lymphoid leukemia in relapse C91.02 https://icd.codes/icd10cm/C9102 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, in relapse Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), also known as acute myelogenous leukemia or acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), is a cancer of the myeloid line of blood cells, characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal white blood cells that accumulate in the bone marrow and interfere with the production of normal blood cells. Jennifer Odalys Roman Acute myeloblastic leukemia, minimal differentiation https://icd.codes/icd10cm/C920 C92.0 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C81-C96/C92-/C92.0 Acute myeloblastic leukemia Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML, APL) is the M3 subtype of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), a cancer of the white blood cells. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/C924 C92.4 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C81-C96/C92-/C92.4 Acute promyelocytic leukemia a broken bone that's caused by a disease, rather than an injury. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.healthline.com/health/pathologic-fracture#:~:text=A%20pathologic%20fracture%20is%20a,been%20weakened%20by%20an%20illness. M84.459S hip https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M80-M85/M84/M84.4-/M84.459S Pathological fracture, hip, unspecified, sequela An acute myeloid leukemia (aml) in which abnormal promyelocytes predominate. It is characterized by the t(15;17)(q22;q12) translocation. There are two variants: the typical and microgranular variant. This aml is particularly sensitive to treatment with all trans-retinoic acid and has a favorable prognosis. Jennifer Odalys Roman Acute promyelocytic leukemia, fab m3 https://icd.codes/icd10cm/C924 C92.40 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C81-C96/C92-/C92.40 Acute promyelocytic leukemia, not having achieved remission Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), also known as acute myelogenous leukemia or acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), is a cancer of the myeloid line of blood cells, characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal white blood cells that accumulate in the bone marrow and interfere with the production of normal blood cells. Jennifer Odalys Roman Acute myelocytic leukemia w maturation https://icd.codes/icd10cm/C920 C92.00 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C81-C96/C92-/C92.00 Acute myeloblastic leukemia, not having achieved remission Subacute bacterial endocarditis is a type of endocarditis (more specifically, infective endocarditis). Subacute bacterial endocarditis can be considered a form of type III hypersensitivity. Jennifer Odalys Roman endocarditis lenta https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subacute_bacterial_endocarditis I33.0 https://icd.codes/icd10cm/I330 Acute and subacute infective endocarditis Infective endocarditis is a form of endocarditis. It is an inflammation of the inner tissues of the heart, the endocardium (such as its valves) Jennifer Odalys Roman Acute endocarditis https://icd.codes/icd10cm/I339 I33.9 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I30-I52/I33-/I33.9 Acute and subacute endocarditis, unspecified omental infarction, or omental torsion, is an acute vascular disorder which compromises tissue of the greater omentum – the largest peritoneal fold in the abdomen. Jennifer Odalys Roman Acute ischemic colitis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omental_infarction K55.0 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K55-K64/K55-/K55.0 Acute vascular disorders of intestine an irreversible injury to the intestine resulting from insufficient blood flow. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowel_infarction#:~:text=Bowel%20infarction%20or%20gangrenous%20bowel,life%2Dthreatening%20infection%20and%20death. K55.06 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K55-K64/K55-/K55.06 Acute infarction of intestine, part unspecified Rheumatic disease profile Rheumatic aortic stenosis Rheumatic tricuspid valve diseases Rheumatic tricuspid stenosis Rheumatic tricuspid insufficiency Rheumatic tricuspid stenosis and insufficiency Other rheumatic tricuspid valve diseases Rheumatic tricuspid valve disease, unspecified Other nonrheumatic mitral valve disorders a broken bone that's caused by a disease, rather than an injury. https://www.healthline.com/health/pathologic-fracture#:~:text=A%20pathologic%20fracture%20is%20a,been%20weakened%20by%20an%20illness. Jennifer Odalys Roman M84.469S fibula https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M80-M85/M84/M84.4-/M84.469S Pathological fracture, unspecified tibia and fibula, sequela a broken bone that's caused by a disease, rather than an injury. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.healthline.com/health/pathologic-fracture#:~:text=A%20pathologic%20fracture%20is%20a,been%20weakened%20by%20an%20illness. M84.675D hairline fracture https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M80-M85/M84/M84.6-/M84.675D Pathological fracture in other disease, left foot, subsequent encounter for fracture with routine healing Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.hipaaspace.com/medical_billing/coding/icd-9/procedure/5598 5598 Remove mechanical kidney Chronic kidney disease (CKD), also known as chronic renal disease, is progressive loss in kidney function over a period of months or years. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/about-chronic-kidney-disease N18.1 kidney https://icd.codes/icd10cm/N181 New: Chronic kidney disease, stage 1 Abortion is the ending of pregnancy by removing a fetus or embryo before it can survive outside the uterus. An abortion may be caused purposely and is then called an induced abortion, or less frequently, "induced miscarriage". Jennifer Odalys Roman Complete abortion complicated by renal failure https://icd.codes/icd10cm/O0482 O04.82 womb https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O00-O08/O04-/O04.82 Renal failure following (induced) termination of pregnancy The biopsy findings were consistent with the renal lesions of toxemia of pregnancy, although other renal diseases such as Henoch Schonlein nephritis or lupus proliferative glomerulonephritis cannot be excluded Jennifer Odalys Roman Kidney failure (acute) following ectopic and molar pregnancy https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7042259/ O08.4 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O00-O08/O08-/O08.4 Renal failure following ectopic and molar pregnancy Osteonecrosis occurs when your bones lose their blood supply. The bones die and eventually collapse, leading to pain and arthritis. You can have osteonecrosis in one or several bones. It is most common in the upper leg. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteonecrosis M87.9 billable upper arm bone https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M86-M90/M87-/M87.9 Bone necrosis UBERON:0004250 Osteonecrosis, unspecified Bronchopneumonia, bronchial pneumonia or bronchogenic pneumonia (not to be confused with lobar pneumonia) is the acute inflammation of the walls of the bronchioles. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J18-/J18 J18 Non-Billable lung https://icd.codes/icd10cm/J18 UBERON:0002048 Pneumonia, unspecified organism Respiratory disease is a medical term that encompasses pathological conditions affecting the organs and tissues that make gas exchange possible in higher organisms, and includes conditions of the upper respiratory tract, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, pleura and pleural cavity, and the nerves and muscles of breathing. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/J101 J10.1 billable upper respiratory tract https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J10-/J10.1 Influenza due to influenza a virus subtype h1n1 UBERON:0001557 Influenza due to other identified influenza virus with other respiratory manifestations Influenza, commonly known as "the flu", is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/J112 J11.2 billable lumen of gastrointestinal system https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J11-/J11.2 Gastroenteritis due to influenza UBERON:0011565 Influenza due to unidentified influenza virus with gastrointestinal manifestations Gastroenteritis, also known as infectious diarrhea, is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that involves the stomach and small intestine. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/J1181 J11.81 billable gastrointestinal peritoneum https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J11-/J11.81 Influenza with encephalopathy UBERON:3010819 Influenza due to unidentified influenza virus with encephalopathy Gastroenteritis, also known as infectious diarrhea, is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that involves the stomach and small intestine. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/J1189 J11.89 billable upper respiratory tract https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J11-/J11.89 UBERON:0001557 Influenza due to unidentified influenza virus with other manifestations Jennifer Odalys Roman J84.8 non-billable UBERON:0002048 lung Other specified interstitial pulmonary diseases Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a type of obstructive lung disease characterized by chronically poor airflow. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/J40 J40 billable bronchial tube https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J40-/J40 Bronchitis UBERON:3010524 Bronchitis, not specified as acute or chronic Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a type of obstructive lung disease characterized by chronically poor airflow. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/J410 J41.0 billable bronchiole https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J41-/J41.0 Chronic bronchitis, simple UBERON:0002186 Simple chronic bronchitis Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction and bronchospasm. Jennifer Odalys Roman J45.901 https://icd.codes/icd10cm/J45901 billable UBERON:0002185 bronchus https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J45-/J45.901 bronchial asthma Unspecified asthma with (acute) exacerbation the collapse or closure of a lung resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J96-J99/J98-/J98.1 J98.1 non-billable lung https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J96-J99/J98-/J98.1 UBERON:0002048 Pulmonary collapse Osteolysis is an active resorption of bone matrix by osteoclasts during the natural formation of healthy bones Jennifer Odalys Roman https://books.google.com/books?id=uOn4DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA600&lpg=PA600&dq=Osteolysis+is+an+active+resorption+of+bone+matrix+by+osteoclasts+during+the+natural+formation+of+healthy+bones&source=bl&ots=BKEQQs9AVH&sig=ACfU3U3KFgc-S_WMZ_V6_XSP42z8lZ52jg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwii2JmtptruAhWRK80KHVkbCOoQ6AEwAHoECBEQAg#v=onepage&q=Osteolysis%20is%20an%20active%20resorption%20of%20bone%20matrix%20by%20osteoclasts%20during%20the%20natural%20formation%20of%20healthy%20bones&f=false M89.572 billable pes bone https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M86-M90/M89-/M89.572 Osteolysis of left ankle and foot UBERON:0005899 Osteolysis, left ankle and foot Coronary artery disease (CAD), also known as ischemic heart disease (IHD), is a group of diseases that includes: stable angina, unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and sudden coronary death. It is within the group of cardiovascular diseases of which it is the most common type. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/I209 I20.9 Billable heart https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I20-I25/I20-/I20.9 Cardiac syndrome x UBERON:0000948 Angina pectoris, unspecified Unstable angina (UA) is a type of angina pectoris that is irregular. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/I210 I21.0 Non-Billable heart https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I20-I25/I21-/I21.0 UBERON:0000948 ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction of anterior wall First-degree atrioventricular block (AV block), or PR prolongation, is a disease of the electrical conduction system of the heart in which the PR interval is lengthened beyond 0.20 seconds. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/I440 I44.0 Billable heart https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I30-I52/I44-/I44.0 First degree atrioventricular block UBERON:0000948 Atrioventricular block, first degree Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an increase of blood pressure in the pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, or pulmonary capillaries, together known as the lung vasculature, leading to shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting, leg swelling and other symptoms. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/I272 I27.2 billable artery https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I26-I28/I27-/I27.2 Pulmonary arterial hypertension UBERON:0001637 Other secondary pulmonary hypertension Enteritis (entero- + -itis) is inflammation of the small intestine. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/K509 K50.9 Non-Billable intestine https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K50-K52/K50-/K50.9 ileitis UBERON:0000160 Crohn's disease, unspecified An enterolith is a mineral concretion or calculus formed anywhere in the gastrointestinal system. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/K564 K56.4 non-Billable intestine https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K55-K64/K56-/K56.4 UBERON:0000160 Other impaction of intestine A congenital or acquired weakness or opening in the diaphragm which allows abdominal contents to protrude into the chest cavity; congenital diaphragmatic hernias are caused when the embryonic diaphragm fails to fuse. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K40-K46/K44-/K44.9 K44.9 billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K40-K46/K44-/K44.9 Diaphragmatic hernia without obstruction or gangrene A mouth ulcer (also termed an oral ulcer, or a mucosal ulcer) is an ulcer that occurs on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/K1230 K12.30 billable mouth mucosa https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K00-K14/K12-/K12.30 Oral mucositis UBERON:0003729 Oral mucositis (ulcerative), unspecified A disorder characterized by acute inflammation to the vermiform appendix caused by a pathogenic agent. Jennifer Odalys Roman K35.80 billable vermiform appendix https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K35-K38/K35-/K35.80 UBERON:0001154 Unspecified acute appendicitis Acute inflammation of the appendix. Acute appendicitis is classified as simple, gangrenous, or perforated. Jennifer Odalys Roman K37 billable crypt of Lieberkuhn of appendix https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K35-K38/K37-/K37 Appendicitis UBERON:0013486 Unspecified appendicitis A hernia is caused by the protrusion of a viscus (in the case of groin hernias, an intraabdominal organ) through a weakness in the containing wall. Jennifer Odalys Roman K41.30 billable hindlimb stylopod muscle https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K40-K46/K41-/K41.30 Femoral hernia, unilateral with obstruction UBERON:0004252 Unilateral femoral hernia, with obstruction, without gangrene, not specified as recurrent a hernia is the exit of an organ, such as the bowel, through the wall of the cavity in which it normally resides. Jennifer Odalys Roman K46.0 billable anterior abdominal wall muscle https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K40-K46/K46-/K46.0 Abdominal hernia with obstruction UBERON:0002461 Unspecified abdominal hernia with obstruction, without gangrene Enterocolitis or coloenteritis is an inflammation of the digestive tract, involving enteritis of the small intestine and colitis of the colon. Jennifer Odalys Roman K51.0 digestive tract non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K50-K52/K51-/K51.0 UBERON:0001555 New: Ulcerative (chronic) pancolitis A chronic, inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation in the digestive tract. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K50-K52/K51-/K51.80 Jennifer Odalys Roman K51.80 billable digestive tract Eosinophilic ulcerative colitis UBERON:0001555 New: Other ulcerative colitis without complications A biliary obstruction is a blockage of the bile ducts. Jennifer Odalys Roman K82.0 billable bile duct https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/K00-K95/K80-K87/K82-/K82.0 UBERON:0002394 Obstruction of gallbladder an eye disorder that involves a layer of blood vessels called the choroid. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/H312 H31.2 non-billable optic choroid https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H30-H36/H31-/H31.2 UBERON:0001776 New: Hereditary choroidal dystrophy an eye disorder that involves a layer of blood vessels called the choroid. https://icd.codes/icd10cm/H3120 H31.20 billable optic choroid https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H30-H36/H31-/H31.20 UBERON:0001776 New: Hereditary choroidal dystrophy, unspecified affect this vital tissue. They can affect your vision, and some can be serious enough to cause blindness. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://medlineplus.gov/retinaldisorders.html#:~:text=Retinal%20disorders%20affect%20this%20vital,Diabetic%20eye%20disease H35 non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H30-H36/H35-/H35 Other retinal disorders a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses. Jennifer Odalys Roman H47.6 visual cortex https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H46-H47/H47-/H47.6 vision impairment or vision loss UBERON:0000411 Disorders of visual cortex progressive loss in kidney function over a period of months or years. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/N182 N18.2 Billable kidney https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N17-N19/N18-/N18.2 Chronic kidney disease stage 2 UBERON:0002113 New: Chronic kidney disease, stage 2 (mild) Reflux nephropathy is kidney damage (nephropathy) due to urine flowing backward (reflux) from the bladder toward the kidneys; the latter is called vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Jennifer Odalys Roman https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflux_nephropathy N11.0 billable kidney https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N10-N16/N11-/N11.0 UBERON:0002113 Nonobstructive reflux-associated chronic pyelonephritis Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis is a disorder of the glomeruli (glomerulonephritis), or small blood vessels in the kidneys. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/N008 N00.8 billable kidney https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N00-N08/N00-/N00.8 Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis UBERON:0002113 Acute nephritic syndrome with other morphologic changes a kidney disorder that causes your body to pass too much protein in your urine Jennifer Odalys Roman https://ada.com/conditions/nephritic-syndrome/ N05.9 billable UBERON:0001981 UBERON:0002113 blood vessel kidney https://icd.codes/icd10cm/N059 Unspecified nephritic syndrome with unspecified morphologic changes Ureteral stones are kidney stones that have become stuck in one or both ureters (the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder) Jennifer Odalys Roman https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16514-ureteral-stones#:~:text=Ureteral%20stones%20are%20kidney%20stones%20that%20have%20become%20stuck%20in,blockage%20can%20cause%20severe%20pain. N20.1 billable urothelium https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N20-N23/N20-/N20.1 ureter stones UBERON:0000365 New: Calculus of ureter A genetic or acquired polyuric disorder characterized by persistent hypotonic urine and hypokalemia. ~ an inability to concentrate urine due to impaired renal tubule response to vasopressin (ADH), which leads to excretion of large amounts of dilute urine. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/genitourinary-disorders/renal-transport-abnormalities/nephrogenic-diabetes-insipidus#:~:text=Nephrogenic%20diabetes%20insipidus%20(NDI)%20is,that%20impair%20renal%20concentrating%20ability. N25.1 billable renal tubule https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N30-N39/N30-/N30.0 UBERON:0009773 Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus An acute infection of the bladder Jennifer Odalys Roman N30.0 non-billable urinary bladder https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N30-N39/N30-/N30.0 Urinary bladder disease UBERON:0001255 New: Acute cystitis a sudden inflammation of the urinary bladder Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.healthline.com/health/cystitis-acute#:~:text=Acute%20cystitis%20is%20a%20sudden,can%20also%20cause%20acute%20cystitis. N30.00 billable urinary bladder https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N30-N39/N30-/N30.00 urinary tract infection (UTI) UBERON:0001255 New: Acute cystitis without hematuria sudden onset of hematuria combined with bladder pain and irritative bladder symptoms. Hematuria is blood in the urine. Jennifer Odalys Roman http://chemocare.com/chemotherapy/side-effects/hemorrhagic-cystitis.aspx#:~:text=Hemorrhagic%20cystitis%20is%20the%20sudden,variety%20of%20causes%20of%20hematuria. N30.01 billable urinary bladder https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/N00-N99/N40-N53/N40-/N40.0 UBERON:0001255 New: Acute cystitis with hematuria Age-associated prostate gland enlargement that can cause urination difficulty. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/benign-prostatic-hyperplasia/symptoms-causes/syc-20370087#:~:text=Benign%20prostatic%20hyperplasia%20(BPH)%20%E2%80%94,urinary%20tract%20or%20kidney%20problems. N40.0 billable prostate gland enlargement prostate gland https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/O00-O9A/O00-O08/O04-/O04.82 UBERON:0002367 Benign prostatic hyperplasia without lower urinary tract symptoms Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of joint disease that results from breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/M179 M17.9 Billable UBERON:0000982 skeletal joint https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M15-M19/M17-/M17.9 Arthritis of left/right knee Osteoarthritis of knee, unspecified Spondyloarthropathy or spondyloarthrosis refers to any joint disease of the vertebral column. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spondyloarthropathy#:~:text=Specialty,disease%20of%20the%20vertebra%20itself. M45 non-billable spine https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M45-M49/M45-/M45 Bechterew's disease UBERON:0013706 New: Ankylosing spondylitis Childhood arthritis is any form of arthritis or arthritis-related conditions which affects individuals under the age of 16. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20374082#:~:text=Juvenile%20idiopathic%20arthritis%2C%20formerly%20known,joint%20pain%2C%20swelling%20and%20stiffness. M08.3 billable immune system https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M05-M14/M08-/M08.3 juvenile arthritis (JA) UBERON:0002405 New: Juvenile rheumatoid polyarthritis (seronegative) Childhood arthritis is any form of arthritis or arthritis-related conditions which affects individuals under the age of 16 Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20374082#:~:text=Juvenile%20idiopathic%20arthritis%2C%20formerly%20known,joint%20pain%2C%20swelling%20and%20stiffness. M08.90 billable immune system https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M05-M14/M08-/M08.90 juvenile arthritis (JA) UBERON:0002405 New: Juvenile arthritis, unspecified, unspecified site Toxic oil syndrome is a musculoskeletal disease most famous for a 1981 outbreak in Spain which killed over 600 people and was likely caused by contaminated colza oil. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxic_oil_syndrome M35.8 billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M30-M36/M35-/M35.8 musculoskeletal system toxic syndrome UBERON:0002204 Other specified systemic involvement of connective tissue A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the skeletal muscles. Jennifer Odalys Roman M60.0 non-billable skeletal muscle organ https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M60-M63/M60-/M60.0 UBERON:0014892 New: Infective myositis bacterial infection of the skeletal muscles which results in a pus-filled abscess. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/immunology-and-microbiology/pyomyositis#:~:text=Pyomyositis%20is%20a%20pyogenic%20infection,contained%20by%20hypervascular%20connective%20tissue. M60.00 non-billable skeletal muscle organ https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M60-M63/M60-/M60.00 UBERON:0014892 New: Infective myositis, unspecified site A chronic condition in which both the breakdown and regrowth of bone are increased. Jennifer Odalys Roman Paget's disease https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/paget-disease-of-bone M90.60 billable leg bone https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M86-M90/M90-/M90.60 UBERON:0005893 Osteitis deformans in neoplastic diseases, unspecified site a fatigue-induced fracture of the bone caused by repeated stress over time. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3658382/#:~:text=A%20stress%20fracture%20is%20a,applications%20of%20stress%20over%20time. M84.369S billable skeletal muscle organ https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M80-M85/M84/M84.3-/M84.369S hairline fracture UBERON:0014892 New: Stress fracture, unspecified tibia and fibula, sequela a fatigue-induced fracture of the bone caused by repeated stress over time. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3658382/#:~:text=A%20stress%20fracture%20is%20a,applications%20of%20stress%20over%20time. M84.376S billable skeletal muscle organ https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M80-M85/M84/M84.3-/M84.376S hairline fracture UBERON:0014892 New: Stress fracture, unspecified foot, sequela infection and inflammation of the bone or bone marrow Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/178819#:~:text=Osteomyelitis%20is%20an%20infection%20and,due%20to%20injury%20or%20surgery. M86.6 non-billable bone marrow https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M86-M90/M86-/M86.6 OM UBERON:0002371 New: Other chronic osteomyelitis Flaccid paralysis is a clinical manifestation characterized by weakness or paralysis and reduced muscle tone without other obvious cause (e.g., trauma). Jennifer Odalys Roman https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flaccid_paralysis G81.0 non-billable brain https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G80-G83/G81-/G81.0 UBERON:0000955 Flaccid hemiplegia If you have epilepsy, you may have seizures repeatedly. A seizure that lasts longer than 5 minutes, or having more than 1 seizure within a 5 minutes period, without returning to a normal level of consciousness between episodes Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/status-epilepticus#:~:text=A%20seizure%20that%20lasts%20longer,episodes%20is%20called%20status%20epilepticus. G40.909 billable UBERON:0000955 brain https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G40-G47/G40-/G40.909 seizure disorder Epilepsy, unspecified, not intractable, without status epilepticus A slight paralysis or weakness of both legs. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/paralysis#:~:text=Types%20of%20paralysis%20include%3A,organs%20in%20the%20lower%20abdomen. G82.2 non-billable pelvic region of trunk https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G80-G83/G82-/G82.2 leg paralysis UBERON:0002355 New: araplegia A slight paralysis or weakness of both legs. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/paralysis#:~:text=Types%20of%20paralysis%20include%3A,organs%20in%20the%20lower%20abdomen. G82.20 billable pelvic region of trunk https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G80-G83/G82-/G82.20 leg paralysis UBERON:0002355 New: Paraplegia, unspecified symmetric, ascending weakness that progresses over days and is associated with normal sensation, with often preserved tendon reflexes, and with an increased cerebrospinal fluid protein concentration. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/paralytic-syndrome#:~:text=Acute%20Motor%20Axonal%20Neuropathy,increased%20cerebrospinal%20fluid%20protein%20concentration. G83.9 billable brain https://icd.codes/icd10cm/G839 Paralysis UBERON:0000955 Paralytic syndrome, unspecified inadequate reabsorption of CSF Jennifer Odalys Roman https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/9780470015902.a0002191.pub2 G91.0 billable cerebrospinal fluid https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G89-G99/G91-/G91.0 Hydrocephalus, communicating UBERON:0001359 New: Communicating hydrocephalus a rare medical condition in which there is an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/hydrocephalus#:~:text=Hydrocephalus%20is%20a%20condition%20characterized,the%20brain%20and%20spinal%20cord. G91.9 billable cerebrospinal fluid https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/G00-G99/G89-G99/G91-/G91.9 Acquired hydrocephalus UBERON:0001359 New: Hydrocephalus, unspecified large number of infections of the bowels including: cholera, typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, other types of salmonella infections, shigellosis, botulism, gastroenteritis, and amoebiasis among others. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intestinal_infectious_diseases#:~:text=Intestinal%20infectious%20diseases%20include%20a,gastroenteritis%2C%20and%20amoebiasis%20among%20others. Z20.0 non-billable body proper https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z20-Z29/Z20-/Z20.0 UBERON:0013702 Contact with and (suspected) exposure to intestinal infectious diseases Jennifer Odalys Roman Z39.1 abdomen https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z30-Z39/Z39-/Z39.1 Encounter for supervision of lactation UBERON:0000916 Encounter for care and examination of lactating mother Jennifer Odalys Roman Z48.0 non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z48-/Z48.0 Encounter for attention to dressings, sutures and drains Aftercare visit codes cover situations occurring when the initial treatment of a disease has been performed and the patient requires continued care during the healing or recovery phase, or care for the long-term consequences of the disease Jennifer Odalys Roman Z48.8 non-billable body proper https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z48-/Z48.8 UBERON:0013702 Encounter for other specified postprocedural aftercare Jennifer Odalys Roman Z60.8 billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z55-Z65/Z60-/Z60.8 Peer problem Other problems related to social environment Jennifer Odalys Roman Z63.9 billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z55-Z65/Z63-/Z63.9 Problem related to primary support group, unspecified Jennifer Odalys Roman Z90.2 billable lung https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z90-/Z90.2 UBERON:0002048 New: Acquired absence of lung [part of] a person or other organism that has become infected with a pathogen, but that displays no signs or symptoms. Although unaffected by the pathogen, carriers can transmit it to others or develop symptoms in later stages of the disease. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asymptomatic_carrier#:~:text=An%20asymptomatic%20carrier%20is%20a,later%20stages%20of%20the%20disease. Z22.8 billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z20-Z29/Z22-/Z22.8 Carrier of other infectious diseases complication inserting a temporary long, flexible, y-shaped tube that is inserted through one of the central veins found in your neck, chest or groin to allow access to the bloodstream Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.azuravascularcare.com/infodialysisaccess/difference-between-cvc-and-picc/ Z46.82 billable internal jugular vein https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z46-/Z46.82 UBERON:0001586 Encounter for fitting and adjustment of non-vascular catheter places one among the people considered obese, but also fall in the higher end of this category, meaning that gaining even more weight would put one in the danger of classifying as extremely obese Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.marinahospital.com/weight-loss/bmi/38 Z68.38 billable subcutaneous adipose tissue https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z68-Z68/Z68-/Z68.38 Adult body mass index 38-38.9 - obesity UBERON:0002190 Body mass index [BMI] 38.0-38.9, adult Cancer that occurs in the stomach. Jennifer Odalys Roman Stomach cancer https://www.cancer.org/cancer/stomach-cancer/about/what-is-stomach-cancer.html Z85.02 non-billable stomach https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z85-/Z85.02 UBERON:0000945 Personal history of malignant neoplasm of stomach adenocarcinoma, primary gastric lymphoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), and neuroendocrine (carcinoid) tumors in the stomach Jennifer Odalys Roman Stomach cancer https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/stomach-cancer/#:~:text=There%20are%20several%20different%20forms,carcinoid)%20tumors%20in%20the%20stomach. Z85.028 billable stomach https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z85-/Z85.028 UBERON:0000945 Personal history of other malignant neoplasm of stomach medications used to treat cancer Jennifer Odalys Roman History of chemotherapy https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/repro/antineoplastic.html#:~:text=Antineoplastic%20drugs%20are%20medications%20used,are%20pills%20that%20patients%20take. Z92.21 https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z92-/Z92.21 Personal history of antineoplastic chemotherapy a medical procedure — either temporary or permanent — that involves creating an opening in the neck in order to place a tube into a person's windpipe. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.healthline.com/health/tracheostomy#:~:text=A%20tracheostomy%20is%20a%20medical,air%20to%20enter%20the%20lungs. Z93.0 billable trachea https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z93-/Z93.0 Tracheostomy present UBERON:0003126 Tracheostomy status a medical procedure performed to replace bone marrow that has been damaged or destroyed by disease, infection, or chemotherapy Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.healthline.com/health/bone-marrow-transplant#:~:text=A%20bone%20marrow%20transplant%20is,promote%20growth%20of%20new%20marrow. Z94.81 billable bone marrow https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z94-/Z94.81 Growth hormone deficiency after bone marrow transplant UBERON:0002371 New: Bone marrow transplant status a condition or factor that serves as a reason to withhold a certain medical treatment due to the harm that it would cause the patient. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002314.htm#:~:text=A%20contraindication%20is%20a%20specific,or%20procedures%20are%20used%20together. Z53.0 non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z40-Z53/Z53-/Z53.0 Procedure and treatment not carried out because of contraindication Jennifer Odalys Roman Needs assistance with community resources https://icd.codes/icd10cm/Z748 Z74.8 billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z69-Z76/Z74-/Z74.8 Other problems related to care provider dependency Jennifer Odalys Roman Z94.8 non-billable tissue https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z94-/Z94.8 UBERON:0000479 New: Other transplanted organ and tissue status Jennifer Odalys Roman Z97.8 billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/Z00-Z99/Z77-Z99/Z97-/Z97.8 Presence of implanted intrathecal pump Presence of other specified devices Abdominal pain, also known as stomach pain or stomachache, is a common symptom associated with both temporary, non-serious disorders and more serious conditions. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R10-R19/R10-/R10.1 R10.1 non-Billable abdomen https://icd.codes/icd10cm/R101 stomach pain or stomachache UBERON:0000916 Pain localized to upper abdomen voluntary or involuntary fecal soiling in children who have usually already been toilet trained. Jennifer Odays Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/R15 R15 non-Billable feces https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R10-R19/R15-/R15 paradoxical diarrhea UBERON:0001988 New: Fecal incontinence Anterograde amnesia is a loss of the ability to create new memories after the event that caused the amnesia, leading to a partial or complete inability to recall the recent past, while long-term memories from before the event remain intact. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/R411 R41.1 brain https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R40-R46/R41-/R41.1 Amnesia, anterograde UBERON:0000955 New: Anterograde amnesia Jennifer Odalys Roman poor hygiene https://icd.codes/icd10cm/R460 R46.0 Billable brain https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R40-R46/R46-/R46.0 UBERON:0000955 Very low level of personal hygiene A general state of ill health involving marked weight loss and muscle loss. Jennifer Odalys Roman wasting syndrome https://icd.codes/icd10cm/R64 R64 Billable body proper https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R50-R69/R64-/R64 UBERON:0013702 Cachexia Respiratory arrest is the cessation of normal breathing due to failure of the lungs to function effectively. Jennifer Odalys Roman R09.2 billable lungs https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R00-R09/R09-/R09.2 UBERON:0002048 Respiratory arrest a life-threatening lung injury that allows fluid to leak into the lungs. Breathing becomes difficult and oxygen cannot get into the body. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/ards#:~:text=Acute%20respiratory%20distress%20syndrome%20(ARDS)%20is%20a%20life%2Dthreatening,hospital%20for%20trauma%20or%20illness. R06.03 billable pair of lungs https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R00-R09/R06-/R06.03 UBERON:0000170 New: Acute respiratory distress A disorder characterized by the reflexive act of ejecting the contents of the stomach through the mouth. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.healthline.com/health/vomiting-causes-treatment R11.10 billable stomach https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R10-R19/R11-/R11.10 UBERON:0000945 Vomiting, unspecified An inability to experience pleasure from activities usually found enjoyable. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.webmd.com/depression/what-is-anhedonia R45.84 billable brain https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/R00-R99/R40-R46/R45-/R45.84 UBERON:0000955 Anhedonia colitis (inflammation of the large intestine) resulting from infection with Clostridium difficile, a spore-forming bacterium. Jennifer Odalys Roman pseudomembranous colitis https://icd.codes/icd10cm/A047 A04.7 billable intestine https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/A00-A09/A04-/A04.7 UBERON:0000160 Enterocolitis due to Clostridium difficile Sepsis is a whole-body inflammatory response to an infection. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.google.com/search?ei=NDeYX_fQBMaQtAbx5pH4CA&q=Sepsis&oq=Sepsis&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQAzIKCAAQsQMQyQMQQzIHCAAQsQMQQzIECAAQQzIFCAAQkQIyBwgAELEDEEMyBwgAELEDEEMyBAgAEEMyBwgAELEDEEMyBQgAELEDMgcIABCxAxBDUPEhWPEhYNgjaABwAXgAgAFiiAFikgEBMZgBAKABAaoBB2d3cy13aXrAAQE&sclient=psy-ab&ved=0ahUKEwj3utmChtXsAhVGCM0KHXFzBI8Q4dUDCA0&uact=5 A41.8 non-billable Blood UBERON:0000178 https://icd.codes/icd10cm/A418 Other specified sepsis Enteritis (entero- + -itis) is inflammation of the small intestine. Jennifer Odalys Roman Intestinal infection due to e. Coli https://icd.codes/icd10cm/A044 A04.4 billable small intestine https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/A00-A09/A04-/A04.4 UBERON:0002108 Other intestinal Escherichia coli infections The viral hemorrhagic (or haemorrhagic) fevers (VHFs) are a diverse group of animal and human illnesses in which fever and hemorrhage are caused by a viral infection. Jennifer Odalys Roman Jungle yellow fever https://icd.codes/icd10cm/A950 A95.0 billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/A90-A99/A95-/A95.0 Sylvatic yellow fever The viral hemorrhagic (or haemorrhagic) fevers (VHFs) are a diverse group of animal and human illnesses in which fever and hemorrhage are caused by a viral infection. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/A951 A95.1 billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/A90-A99/A95-/A95.1 Urban yellow fever A cervical fracture, commonly called a broken neck, is a catastrophic fracture of any of the seven cervical vertebrae in the neck Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/S129XXA S12.9XXA billable neck bone https://icd.codes/icd10cm/S129XXA UBERON:0003458 Fracture of neck, unspecified, initial encounter occur when the bony block or vertebral body in the spine collapses, which can lead to severe pain, deformity and loss of height. https://www.aans.org/en/Patients/Neurosurgical-Conditions-and-Treatments/Vertebral-Compression-Fractures#:~:text=Vertebral%20compression%20fractures%20(VCFs)%20occur,especially%20in%20the%20lower%20part. S22.009A billable bone spine https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S20-S29/S22-/S22.009A UBERON:0013706 Unspecified fracture of unspecified thoracic vertebra, initial encounter for closed fracture A break in the bone connecting the breastbone and shoulder. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/clavicle-fracture-broken-collarbone/ S42.0 non-billable clavicle bone https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S40-S49/S42/S42.0-/S42.0 UBERON:0001105 Fracture of clavicle Gunshot wound of forearm an injury involving an external or internal break in body tissue, usually involving the skin Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.healthline.com/health/open-wound#:~:text=An%20open%20wound%20is%20an,can%20be%20treated%20at%20home. S51.809A billable skin of forearm https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S50-S59/S51-/S51.809A UBERON:0003403 Unspecified open wound of unspecified forearm, initial encounter A network of ligaments holds them in place and allows them to move. A tear in any of these ligaments can result in two or more of your carpal bones being pushed out of their usual position Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.healthline.com/health/dislocated-wrist S63.0 non-billable wrist joint https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S60-S69/S63/S63.0-/S63.0 UBERON:0001491 Subluxation and dislocation of wrist and hand joints A hip fracture is a serious femoral fracture that occurs in the proximal end of the femur (the long bone running through the thigh), near the hip. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.healthline.com/health/femoral-neck-fracture#:~:text=Femoral%20neck%20stress%20fracture%20causes,is%20also%20a%20risk%20factor. S72.009S billable femur https://icd.codes/icd10cm/S72009S UBERON:0000981 Fracture of unspecified part of neck of unspecified femur, sequela the proximal femur between the cervical region and the shaft. Subtrochanteric fracture, with a fracture line running from an area within 5 cm distal to the lesser trochanter S72.109A billable femur https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S70-S79/S72/S72.1-/S72.109A UBERON:0000981 Unspecified trochanteric fracture of unspecified femur, initial encounter for closed fracture disruptions in the cartilaginous physis of long bones that may or may not involve epiphyseal or metaphyseal bone. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1260663-overview S79.009S billable cartilaginous joint https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S70-S79/S79-/S79.009S UBERON:0002213 Unspecified physeal fracture of upper end of unspecified femur, sequela is a break in the patella, or kneecap, the small bone that sits at the front of your knee Jennifer Odalys Roman https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/patellar-kneecap-fractures/ S82.009S billable knee https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S80-S89/S82/S82.0-/S82.009S UBERON:0001465 Unspecified fracture of unspecified patella, sequela a break or crack in one of the bones in your leg. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/broken-leg/symptoms-causes/syc-20370412#:~:text=Overview,and%20severity%20of%20the%20injury. S82.90XS leg https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S80-S89/S82/S82.9-/S82.90XS UBERON:0000978 Unspecified fracture of unspecified lower leg, sequela a complete or incomplete break in one of the five metatarsal bones in each foot. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://patient.info/foot-care/heel-and-foot-pain-plantar-fasciitis/metatarsal-fractures#:~:text=Acute%20metatarsal%20fracture%20is%20usually,bone%2C%20caused%20by%20repetitive%20stress. S92.302D metatarsal bone https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S90-S99/S92/S92.3-/S92.302D UBERON:0001448 New: Fracture of unspecified metatarsal bone(s), left foot, subsequent encounter for fracture with routine healing a bone break that happens in the bones of your foot, heel, toes, or ankle. There are different types of foot fractures, but the most common is a hairline fracture. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://intermountainhealthcare.org/services/orthopedics/services/foot-and-ankle/foot-fractures/#:~:text=A%20foot%20fracture%20is%20a,common%20is%20a%20hairline%20fracture. S92.909S billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S90-S99/S92/S92.9-/S92.919S New: Unspecified fracture of unspecified foot, sequela Wound healing is a critical outcome in surgery, and postoperative wound disruption or separation of the layers of a surgical wound with disruption of the fascia is a serious complication Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.patientsafetyinstitute.ca/en/toolsResources/Hospital-Harm-Measure/Improvement-Resources/Wound%20Disruption-Introduction/Pages/default.aspx S92.919S billable toe disc https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/S90-S99/S92/S92.9-/S92.919S UBERON:4200151 New: Unspecified fracture of unspecified toe(s), sequela Pathologic process consisting of a partial or complete disruption of the layers of a surgical wound. Jennifer Odalys Roman T81.31 non-billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T80-T88/T81-/T81.31 Disruption of external operation (surgical) wound, not elsewhere classified Pathologic process consisting of a partial or complete disruption of the layers of a surgical wound. Jennifer Odalys Roman T81.31XA billable https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T80-T88/T81-/T81.31XA Disruption of external operation (surgical) wound, not elsewhere classified, initial encounter Complications of gaining I.V. may include infiltration, hematoma, an air embolism, phlebitis, extravascular drug administration, and intraarterial injection. Intraarterial injection is more rare, but as threatening. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://ccnmtl.columbia.edu/projects/aegd/mod01_mec_ivcomp.html T82.594A billable urinary bladder https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/S00-T88/T80-T88/T82-/T82.594A UBERON:0001255 Other mechanical complication of infusion catheter, initial encounter used to specify a diagnosis of secondary and unspecified malignant neoplasm of intrathoracic lymph nodes. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/673463 C77.1 Billable lymph node https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C76-C80/C77-/C77.1 UBERON:0000029 Secondary and unspecified malignant neoplasm of intrathoracic lymph nodes A rare condition in which chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll) changes into a fast-growing type of lymphoma. Symptoms of richter syndrome include fever, loss of weight and muscle mass, and other health problems. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/C911 C91.1 Non-Billable blood https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C81-C96/C91-/C91.1 UBERON:0000178 New: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia of B-cell type B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), also known as chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL), is the most common type of leukemia (a type of cancer of the white blood cells) in adults. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.codes/icd10cm/C9110 C91.10 Billable lymph nodes https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C81-C96/C91-/C91.10 UBERON:0000029 New: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia of B-cell type not having achieved remission A state of bone marrow suppression and failure that is caused by a cytotoxic or adverse immunologic response to a drug treatment, leading to a failure of production of red blood cells, white cells and platelets. Jennifer Odalys Roman D61.1 Billable bone marrow https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D60-D64/D61-/D61.1 UBERON:0002371 New: Drug-induced aplastic anemia Renal cell carcinoma is a kidney cancer that originates in the lining of the proximal convoluted tubule, a part of the very small tubes in the kidney that transport waste molecules from the blood to the urine. Jennifer Odalys Roman http://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2020/03/27/2007560/0/en/Renal-Cell-Carcinoma-Epidemiology-Forecast-to-2028.html C64 non-billable kidney https://icd.codes/icd10cm/C64 UBERON:0002113 Malignant neoplasm of kidney, except renal pelvis Bladder cancer is any of several types of cancer arising from the epithelial lining of the urinary bladder. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C64-C68/C67-/C67.9 C67.9 billable gall bladder https://icd.codes/icd10cm/C679 UBERON:0002110 Malignant neoplasm of bladder, unspecified Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a clinical condition caused by cancerous cells (mucinous adenocarcinoma) that produce abundant mucin or gelatinous ascites. Jennifer Odalys Roman C78.9 billable abdominal cavity https://icd.codes/icd10cm/C786 UBERON:0003684 Secondary malignant neoplasm of retroperitoneum and peritoneum Evans syndrome is an autoimmune disease in which an individual's antibodies attack their own red blood cells and platelets. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.google.com/search?ei=ED6YX_TQEc6xtQbBqIvYDg&q=Evans+syndrome+cause&oq=Evans+syndrome+cause&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQAzIFCAAQyQM6BAgAEEc6CAgAEMkDEJECOgIIADoGCAAQFhAeOggIABAWEAoQHlCPCVjoE2CbFGgAcAJ4AIABYYgBrgOSAQE1mAEAoAEBqgEHZ3dzLXdpesgBCMABAQ&sclient=psy-ab&ved=0ahUKEwj0mJDIjNXsAhXOWM0KHUHUAusQ4dUDCA0&uact=5 D69.3 billable Blood https://icd.codes/icd10cm/D693 UBERON:0000178 Immune thrombocytopenic purpura An immune disorder is a dysfunction of the immune system. Jennifer Odalys Roman D84.8 billable tissue https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D80-D89/D84-/D84.8 UBERON:0000479 Other specified immunodeficiencies A neoplasm without malignant characteristics arising from the lip. Jennifer Odalys Roman D10.0 lip https://icd.codes/icd10cm/D100 UBERON:0001833 Benign neoplasm of lip Respiratory arrest is the cessation of normal breathing due to failure of the lungs to function effectively. Cardiorespiratory failure R09.2 billable lungs UBERON:0002048 New: Respiratory arrest A condition in which the cavities around the nasal passages become inflamed. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/acute-sinusitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351671 J01 Non-Billable Acute Sinusitis *acute sinusitis An infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs caused by Parainfluenza virus https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J12-/J12.2 J12.2 Billable https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354204#:~:text=Pneumonia%20is%20an%20infection%20that,and%20fungi%2C%20can%20cause%20pneumonia. Jennifer Odalys Roman Parainfluenza virus pneumonia Parainfluenza virus pneumonia a disease that attacks one or both lungs, virus is unspecified Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.healthline.com/health/pneumonia#:~:text=Pneumonia%20is%20an%20infection%20in,and%20how%20to%20treat%20it. J12.89 Billable lungs Other viral pneumonia Pneumonia (infection that inflames the air sacs in the lungs) caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J15-/J15.0 J15.0 Billable lung Pneumonia due to Klebsiella pneumoniae Pneumonia (infection that inflames the air sacs in the lungs) caused by Pseudomonas bacteria Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J15-/J15.1 J15.1 Billable lung Pneumonia due to Pseudomonas An infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs caused by Escherichia coli bacteria Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J15-/J15.5 J15.5 Billable https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354204#:~:text=Pneumonia%20is%20an%20infection%20that,and%20fungi%2C%20can%20cause%20pneumonia. lung Pneumonia due to Escherichia coli infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus (purulent material), causing cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J16-/J16.8 J16.8 Billable lungs Pneumonia due to other specified infectious organisms Pneumonia due to other specified infectious organisms Pharyngitis, or acute pharyngitis, is an inflammation of the back of the throat, otherwise known as the pharynx. The condition generally causes pain and a sensation of scratchiness in the region of the throat, as well as difficulty swallowing. The condition is typically referred to as a sore throat. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J00-J06/J02- J02 Non-Billable Acute pharyngitis *Acute pharyngitis An inflammation of the two oval-shaped pads of tissue at the back of the throat. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22338587/ J03 Non-Billable Acute tonsillitis *Acute tonsillitis Laryngitis may cause sore throat and hoarse voice but can also be associated with tracheitis and even bronchiolitis as the pathogen, infection, and host responses move further down the respiratory tree. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J00-J06/J04-/J04 J04 Non-Billable *Acute laryngitis and tracheitis Epiglottitis, acute laryngitis, and croup are infections of the upper airway, affecting the epiglottis, larynx, and larynx and trachea, respectively. Croup may also involve the bronchi. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J00-J06/J05-/J05 J05 non-billable Acute obstructive laryngitis [croup] and epiglottitis *Acute obstructive laryngitis [croup] and epiglottitis (bron-kye-tis) inflammation (swelling and reddening) of the bronchi. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J40-/J40 J40 Billable Bronchitis, not specified as acute or chronic *Bronchitis, not specified as acute or chronic Mucoid sputum production characterizes simple chronic bronchitis. Persistent or recurrent purulent sputum production in the absence of localized suppurative disease, such as bronchiectasis, characterizes chronic mucopurulent bronchitis Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J41-/J41 J41 non-billable Simple and mucopurulent chronic bronchitis *Simple and mucopurulent chronic bronchitis A subcategory of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The disease is characterized by hypersecretion of mucus accompanied by a chronic (more than 3 months in 2 consecutive years) productive cough. Infectious agents are a major cause of chronic bronchitis. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J42-/J42 J42 billable Unspecified chronic bronchitis *Unspecified chronic bronchitis A condition of the lung characterized by increase beyond normal in the size of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, either from dilatation of the alveoli or from destruction of their walls. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J43-/J43 J43 non-billable Emphysema *Emphysema contagious viral infection caused by rhinovirus that causes inflammation of the bronchial tubes Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J20-J22/J20-/J20.6 J20.6 Billable bronchial tubes Acute bronchitis due to rhinovirus Acute bronchitis due to rhinovirus A chronic disease in which the bronchial airways in the lungs become narrowed and swollen, making it difficult to breathe. Symptoms include wheezing, coughing, tightness in the chest, shortness of breath, and rapid breathing. An attack may be brought on by pet hair, dust, smoke, pollen, mold, exercise, cold air, or stress. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J45-/J45 J45 non-billable Asthma *Asthma Influenza is a viral infection that attacks your respiratory system — your nose, throat and lungs. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J09-/J09 J09 non-billable Influenza due to certain identified influenza viruses *Influenza due to certain identified influenza viruses Influenza, commonly known as "the flu", is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus. Symptoms can be mild to severe. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J10-/J10 J10 non-billable Influenza due to other identified influenza virus *Influenza due to other identified influenza virus Influenza due to unidentified influenza virus with other respiratory manifestations Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J11-/J11 J11 non-billable Influenza due to unidentified influenza virus *Influenza due to unidentified influenza virus Viral pneumonia is an infection of your lungs caused by a virus. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J12-/J12 J12 non-billable Viral pneumonia, not elsewhere classified *Viral pneumonia, not elsewhere classified Pneumococcal disease is caused by common bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae) that can attack different parts of the body. When these bacteria invade the lungs, they can cause pneumonia; when they invade the bloodstream, they can cause sepsis; and when they invade the covering of the brain, they can cause meningitis. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J13-/J13 J13 billable Pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae *Pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae An acute URI is a contagious infection of your upper respiratory tract. Your upper respiratory tract includes the nose, throat, pharynx, larynx, and bronchi. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J00-J06/J06-/J06 J06 Acute upper respiratory infections of multiple and unspecified sites *Acute upper respiratory infections of multiple and unspecified sites H. influenzae most often cause pneumonia, but can also cause severe illnesses like meningitis and bloodstream infections Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J14-/J14 J14 billable Pneumonia due to Hemophilus influenzae *Pneumonia due to Hemophilus influenzae Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by bacterial infections. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J15-/J15 J15 non-billable Bacterial pneumonia, not elsewhere classified *Bacterial pneumonia, not elsewhere classified Pneumonia is an infection of one or both of the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J16-/J16 J16 non-billable Pneumonia due to other infectious organisms, not elsewhere classified *Pneumonia due to other infectious organisms, not elsewhere classified Infection that inflames air sacs in one or both lungs, which may fill with fluid. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J09-J18/J17-/J17 J17 billable Pneumonia in diseases classified elsewhere *Pneumonia in diseases classified elsewhere A type of disease that affects the lungs and other parts of the respiratory system Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J60-J70/J70-/J70 J70 non-billable Respiratory conditions due to other external agents *Respiratory conditions due to other external agents Pneumonitis (noo-moe-NIE-tis) is a general term that refers to inflammation of lung tissue Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J60-J70/J69- J69 non-billable Pneumonitis due to solids and liquids *Pneumonitis due to solids and liquids Respiratory conditions due to inhalation of chemicals, gases, fumes and vapors Jennfer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J60-J70/J68-/J68 J68 non-billable Respiratory conditions due to inhalation of chemicals, gases, fumes and vapors *Respiratory conditions due to inhalation of chemicals, gases, fumes and vapors allergic alveolitis and pneumonitis due to inhaled organic dust and particles of fungal, actinomycetic or other origin Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J60-J70/J67-/J67 J67 non-billable Hypersensitivity pneumonitis due to organic dust *Hypersensitivity pneumonitis due to organic dust Pneumoconiosis is one of a group of interstitial lung disease caused by breathing in certain kinds of dust particles that damage your lungs. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J60-J70/J66-/J66 J66 non-billable Airway disease due to specific organic dust *Airway disease due to specific organic dust Pneumoconiosis is one of a group of interstitial lung disease caused by breathing in certain kinds of dust particles that damage your lungs Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J60-J70/J65-/J65 J65 billable Pneumoconiosis associated with tuberculosis *Pneumoconiosis associated with tuberculosis A diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by inhalation of dust and by tissue reaction to their presence. These inorganic, organic, particulate, or vaporized matters usually are inhaled by workers in their occupational environment, leading to the various forms (asbestosis; byssinosis; and others). Similar air pollution can also have deleterious effects on the general population. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J60-J70/J64-/J64 billable J64 Unspecified pneumoconiosis *Unspecified pneumoconiosis Pneumoconiosis literally means “dust in the lung,” and the term has come to refer to disease of the lung related to the inhalation of dusts. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J60-J70/J63-/J63 J63 non-billable Pneumoconiosis due to other inorganic dusts *Pneumoconiosis due to other inorganic dusts A form of pneumoconiosis resulting from inhalation of dust containing crystalline form of silicon dioxide, usually in the form of quartz. Amorphous silica is relatively nontoxic. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J60-J70/J62-/J62 J62 non-billable Pneumoconiosis due to dust containing silica *Pneumoconiosis due to dust containing silica A form of pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of asbestos fibers which elicit potent inflammatory responses in the parenchyma of the lung. The disease is characterized by interstitial fibrosis of the lung, varying from scattered sites to extensive scarring of the alveolar interstitium. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J60-J70/J61-/J61 J61 billable Pneumoconiosis due to asbestos and other mineral fibers *Pneumoconiosis due to asbestos and other mineral fibers A chronic lung disorder characterized by deposition of coal dust in the lung parenchyma leading to the formation of black nodules and emphysema. It occurs in coal miners. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J60-J70/J60-/J60 J60 billable Coalworker's pneumoconiosis *Coalworker's pneumoconiosis Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes, the airways that carry air to your lungs. It causes a cough that often brings up mucus, as well as shortness of breath, wheezing, and chest tightness. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J20-J22/J20-/J20 J20 non-billable Acute bronchitis *Acute bronchitis Bronchiolitis is an acute inflammatory injury of the bronchioles that is usually caused by a viral infection (most commonly respiratory syncytial virus) Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J20-J22/J21-/J21 J21 non-billable Acute bronchiolitis *Acute bronchiolitis Pleural plaques are deposits of hyalinized collagen fibers in the parietal pleura. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J90-J94/J92-/J92 J92 non-billable Pleural plaque *Pleural plaque The most frequent air leak, called a pneumothorax, is when the air collects between the lung and the chest wall. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J90-J94/J93-/J93 J93 non-billable Pneumothorax and air leak *Pneumothorax and air leak There are three types of pleural disorders—pleurisy, pleural effusion, and pneumothorax—and they have varying causes. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J90-J94/J94-/J94 J94 non-billable Other pleural conditions *Other pleural conditions Respiratory disorders, or lung diseases, are disorders such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, emphysema, lung cancer, mesothelioma, pulmonary hypertension, and tuberculosis. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J96-J99/J99-/J99 J99 billable Respiratory disorders in diseases classified elsewhere *Respiratory disorders in diseases classified elsewhere Respiratory disorders, or lung diseases, are disorders such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, emphysema, lung cancer, mesothelioma, pulmonary hypertension, and tuberculosis. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J96-J99/J98-/J98 J98 non-billable Other respiratory disorders *Other respiratory disorders When a person has acute respiratory failure, the usual exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs does not occur. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J96-J99/J96-/J96 J96 non-billable Respiratory failure, not elsewhere classified *Respiratory failure, not elsewhere classified Simple pulmonary eosinophilia (SPE), also known as Loeffler syndrome, is a rare, temporary (transient) respiratory disorder characterized by the accumulation of eosinophils in the lungs (pulmonary eosinophilia). Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell and are part of the immune system. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J80-J84/J82-/J82 J82 non-billable Pulmonary eosinophilia, not elsewhere classified *Pulmonary eosinophilia, not elsewhere classified Interstitial pneumonia, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J80-J84/J84-/J84 J84 non-billable Other interstitial pulmonary diseases *Other interstitial pulmonary diseases an acute inflammatory injury of the bronchioles that is usually caused by a viral infection Jennifer Odalys Roman https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/961963-overview#:~:text=Bronchiolitis%20is%20an%20acute%20inflammatory,seen%20in%20the%20image%20below. J21.9 Billable bronchioles Acute bronchiolitis, unspecified A condition of the lung characterized by increase beyond normal in the size of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, either from dilatation of the alveoli or from destruction of their walls. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J43-/J43.9 J43.9 Billable lung Emphysema, unspecified Nonallergic asthma (a condition in which your airways narrow and swell) Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/J45.1 J45.1 respiratory system Nonallergic asthma Asthma symptoms (airway swelling) occuring fewer than three times a week Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J40-J47/J45-/J45.20 J45.20 billable respiratory system Mild intermittent asthma, uncomplicated Mild intermittent asthma, uncomplicated complications/disorders of the respiratory system that occur during or after a procedure/operation Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J95-J95/J95-/J95 J95 non-billable respiratory system Intraoperative and postprocedural complications and disorders of respiratory system, not elsewhere classified Intraoperative and postprocedural complications and disorders of respiratory system, not elsewhere classified disease of the bronchus Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J96-J99/J98-/J98.0 J98.0 non-billable bronchus Diseases of bronchus, not elsewhere classified Diseases of bronchus, not elsewhere classified Respiratory tract infections not specified as acute, chronic, lower, or upper Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/J98.7 J98.7 respiratory system Respiratory infection, not elsewhere classified Respiratory infection, not elsewhere classified respiratory disorder as a result of another disorder found elsewhere in the body Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/J99.8 J99.8 respiratory system Respiratory disorders in other diseases classified elsewhere Respiratory disorders in other diseases classified elsewhere facial pain, localized to the cheek, but also in the frontal area or the teeth, that is made worse by stooping down or straining. The pain can be unilateral or bilateral, and tenderness may overlie the sinus. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/maxilla-sinusitis#:~:text=Acute%20maxillary%20sinusitis%20is%20characterized,tenderness%20may%20overlie%20the%20sinus. J01.0 Non-Billable sinuses Acute maxillary sinusitis Acute sinusitis causes the spaces inside your nose (sinuses) to become inflamed and swollen. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/acute-sinusitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351671 J01.00 billable sinuses Acute maxillary sinusitis, unspecified Acute maxillary sinusitis, unspecified Acute frontal sinusitis (AFrS) is defined as an acute bacterial infection of the frontal sinus cavity. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/862292-overview J01.10 billable sinuses Acute frontal sinusitis, unspecified Acute frontal sinusitis, unspecified Acute sinusitis causes the spaces inside your nose (sinuses) to become inflamed and swollen Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/acute-sinusitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351671 J01.8 Non-Billable sinuses Other acute sinusitis Other acute sinusitis Acute sinusitis is most often caused by the common cold. Signs and symptoms may include a blocked and stuffy (congested) nose, which may block your sinuses and prevent drainage of mucus. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/acute-sinusitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351671#:~:text=Acute%20sinusitis%20is%20most%20often,an%20infection%20with%20a%20virus. J01.90 billable sinuses Acute sinusitis, unspecified Acute sinusitis, unspecified Strep throat is caused by infection with a bacterium known as Streptococcus pyogenes, also called group A streptococcus Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/strep-throat/symptoms-causes/syc-20350338 J02.0 billable throat Streptococcal pharyngitis Streptococcal pharyngitis Acute pharyngitis is characterized by the rapid onset of sore throat and pharyngeal inflammation (with or without exudate) Jennifer Odalys Roman https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/5#:~:text=Definition,%2C%20rather%20than%20viral%2C%20etiology. J02.8 billable Acute pharyngitis due to other specified organisms An acute inflammation of the tonsils caused by viruses or bacteria. Signs and symptoms include fever, enlargement of the tonsils, difficulty swallowing, and enlargement of the regional lymph nodes. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/J00-J99/J00-J06/J03-/J03.9 J03.9 non-billable tonsils Acute tonsillitis, unspecified Acute laryngitis is characterized by inflammation and congestion of the larynx in the early stages Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534871/ J04.0 billable larynx Acute laryngitis Influenza is a common cause of pneumonia, especially among younger children, the elderly, pregnant women, or those with certain chronic health conditions or who live in a nursing home Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/pneumonia/what-is-the-connection J10.08 billable lung Influenza due to other identified influenza virus with other specified pneumonia Influenza is a common cause of pneumonia, especially among younger children, the elderly, pregnant women, or those with certain chronic health conditions or who live in a nursing home Jennifer Odalys Roman https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/J10.8 J10.8 non-billable upper respiratory Influenza due to other identified influenza virus with other manifestations Influenza due to other identified influenza virus with other manifestations Flu (influenza) is an infection of the nose, throat and lungs, which are part of the respiratory system. Influenza is commonly called the flu, but it's not the same as stomach "flu" viruses that cause diarrhea and vomiting Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/flu/symptoms-causes/syc-20351719 J11.00 billable throat Influenza due to unidentified influenza virus with unspecified type of pneumonia Adenovirus pneumonia occasionally occurs in immunocompromised hosts and is characterized by rapid clinical deterioration compared to other viral pneumonias with a reported fatality rate of 50%. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5241922/#:~:text=Adenovirus%20pneumonia%20occasionally%20occurs%20in,immunocompetent%20hosts%20is%20very%20rare. J12.0 billable respiratory tract Adenoviral pneumonia Adenoviral pneumonia RSV is the most common cause of bronchiolitis (inflammation of the small airways in the lung) and pneumonia (infection of the lungs) in children younger than 1 year of age in the United States. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.cdc.gov/rsv/index.html#:~:text=RSV%20is%20the%20most%20common,age%20in%20the%20United%20States.&text=Know%20the%20symptoms%20to%20look,care%20for%20people%20with%20RSV.&text=RSV%20can%20be%20dangerous%20for%20some%20infants%20and%20young%20children. J12.1 Billable lung Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia Human metapneumovirus is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the family Pneumoviridae and is closely related to the Avian metapneumovirus subgroup C. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.cdc.gov/surveillance/nrevss/hmpv/clinical.html J12.3 billable upper and lower respiratory tract Human metapneumovirus pneumonia Human metapneumovirus pneumonia MSSA, or methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, is an infection caused by a type of bacteria commonly found on the skin. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.healthline.com/health/mssa J15.211 billable lung Pneumonia due to Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia due to Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Group B (i.e.,Streptococcus agalactiae) streptococci are a major cause of neonatal sepsis and pneumonia. In adults, pneumonia accounts for approximately 15% of adult infections by group B streptococci. Most adults with group B streptococcal pneumonia are debilitated and develop pneumonia as a consequence of aspiration. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/group-b-streptococcal-pneumonia#:~:text=Group%20B%20(i.e.%2CStreptococcus%20agalactiae,infections%20by%20group%20B%20streptococci.&text=Most%20adults%20with%20group%20B,as%20a%20consequence%20of%20aspiration. J15.3 billable lung Pneumonia due to streptococcus, group B Pneumonia due to streptococcus, group B Streptococcus pneumoniae is a gram-positive, lancet-shaped bacterium and a cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470537/ J15.4 billable respiratory tract Pneumonia due to other streptococci Pneumonia due to other streptococci Pneumonia is inflamed or swollen lung tissue due to infection with a germ. Mycoplasma pneumonia is caused by the bacteria Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M pneumoniae). This type of pneumonia is also called atypical pneumonia because the symptoms are different from those of pneumonia due to other common bacteria. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/mycoplasma-pneumonia#:~:text=Pneumonia%20is%20inflamed%20or%20swollen,due%20to%20other%20common%20bacteria. J15.7 billable respiratory tract Pneumonia due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae EG40.0 Allergic contact dermatitis of external ear Allergic contact dermatitis of external ear DP 外耳过敏性接触性皮炎 EG4Y 其他特指的外耳炎性疾患 Other specified inflammatory disorder of external ear Other specified inflammatory DP of external ear EK02.10  Irritant contact dermatitis of external ear  Irritant contact dermatitis of external ear DP 刺激物接触性外耳皮炎 Eric Wan, Oliver He https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H60-H95/H65-H75/H65-/H65.00 H65.000 H65.00 Billable Acute serous otitis media, unspecified ear  Acute serous otitis media DP 急性浆液性中耳炎 Oliver He, Eric Wan https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H60-H95/H65-H75/H65-/H65.1 H65.1 Non-Billable Other acute nonsuppurative otitis media other acute nonsuppurative otitis media DP 急性非化脓性中耳炎，其他的 blue drum syndrome DP 蓝鼓膜综合征 serous 浆液性 middle ear nonsuppurative 非化脓性 A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the skeletal muscles. Jennifer Odalys Roman https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/pyomyositis#:~:text=Pyomyositis%20is%20a%20pyogenic%20infection,contained%20by%20hypervascular%20connective%20tissue. M60.009 billable UBERON:0014892 skeletal muscle organ https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M60-M63/M60-/M60.009 Infective myositis New: Infective myositis, unspecified site ready for release pending final vetting requires discussion ## Elucidation This is used when the statement/axiom is assumed to hold true 'eternally' ## How to interpret (informal) First the "atemporal" FOL is derived from the OWL using the standard interpretation. This axiom is temporalized by embedding the axiom within a for-all-times quantified sentence. The t argument is added to all instantiation predicates and predicates that use this relation. ## Example Class: nucleus SubClassOf: part_of some cell forall t : forall n : instance_of(n,Nucleus,t) implies exists c : instance_of(c,Cell,t) part_of(n,c,t) ## Notes This interpretation is *not* the same as an at-all-times relation axiom holds for all times Leonard Jacuzzo Janna Hastings Barry Smith Please see the project site https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO, the bfo2 owl discussion group http://groups.google.com/group/bfo-owl-devel , the bfo2 discussion group http://groups.google.com/group/bfo-devel, the tracking google doc http://goo.gl/IlrEE, and the current version of the bfo2 reference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/dev/bfo2-reference.docx . This ontology is generated from a specification at https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO/tree/master/src/ontology/owl-group/specification/ and with the code that generates the OWL version in https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO/tree/master/src/tools/. A very early version of BFO version 2 in CLIF is at http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/dev/bfo.clif The BSD license on the BFO project site refers to code used to build BFO. David Osumi-Sutherland Pierre Grenon Werner Ceusters Selja Seppälä Jie Zheng Thomas Bittner Mathias Brochhausen This BFO 2.0 version represents a major update to BFO and is not strictly backwards compatible with BFO 1.1. The previous OWL version of BFO, version 1.1.1 will remain available at http://ifomis.org/bfo/1.1 and will no longer be updated. The BFO 2.0 OWL is a classes-only specification. The incorporation of core relations has been held over for a later version. Mauricio Almeida Melanie Courtot Bjoern Peters Yongqun "Oliver" He James A. Overton BFO 2 Reference: For both terms and relational expressions in BFO, we distinguish between primitive and defined. ‘Entity’ is an example of a primitive term. Primitive terms in a highest-level ontology such as BFO are terms that are so basic to our understanding of reality that there is no way of defining them in a non-circular fashion. For these, therefore, we can provide only elucidations, supplemented by examples and by axioms. Jonathan Bona Holger Stenzhorn Fabian Neuhaus Randall Dipert Stefan Schulz Larry Hunter http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Chris Mungall BFO 2 Reference: BFO does not claim to provide complete coverage of entities of all types. It seeks only to provide coverage of those entities studied by empirical science together with those entities which affect or are involved in human activities such as data processing and planning - coverage that is sufficiently broad to provide assistance to those engaged in building domain ontologies for purposes of data annotation. Ron Rudnicki Mark Ressler Albert Goldfain BFO 2 Reference: BFO’s treatment of continuants and occurrents - as also its treatment of regions, rests on a dichotomy between space and time, and on the view that there are two perspectives on reality - earlier called the ‘SNAP’ and ‘SPAN’ perspectives, both of which are essential to the non-reductionist representation of reality as we understand it from the best available science Bill Duncan Ludger Jansen Alan Ruttenberg OBO Relations Ontology The OBO Relations Ontology (RO) is a collection of OWL relations (ObjectProperties) intended for use across a wide variety of biological ontologies. https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/