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Judaea. Emmaus I (Nicopolis, 'Imwas). 67-70 CE. Engraved tombstone. Epitaph.
Judean lowlands, Emmaus I (Nicopolis, 'Imwas), northwest of Jerusalem.
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Camilia
miles
vixit
annos
P(ublius) Oppi[us, son of...], of (the tribe of) Camilia, ...cio, of Ravenna, soldier of the Legio V Macedonica, (of the rank of) optio, lived 30 years, served in the army nine years (and) is buried here. (His) heir made (this tombstone).
An engraved rectangular tombstone from Emmaus I missing its top right corner and bottom. Only the last letters of the soldier's name in the inscription are preserved. When this soldier died after nine years of service he had become an optio, a rank about equivalent to a non-commissioned adjutant or a sergeant-major. This advancement is rapid and suggests that he was from a respectable family or that he exhibited extraordinary ability. Landau explains that this soldier was first assigned to the Legio V Macedonica, stationed in Moesia (modern Bulgaria), and was then likely transferred to Cappadocia with his legion before 62 CE with the army of Caesennius Paetus, one of the two armies used in the war against the Parthians. He then seems to have died in Judaea, either during one of the early campaigns in the region or around the time of the siege of Jerusalem.