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Negev. Zoora. April 28, 417 CE. White sandstone tombstone. Epitaph.
Found by local inhabitants in the northwest corner of the Bronze Age, Byzantine and Islamic cemetery in the An Naq neighborhood south of the Wadi al-Hasa, probably in secondary use in later graves.
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Εἷς Θεός.
θα Ὀγέζωνος,
τοῦ βίου
παυσο
μ
λοῦ ὀνόματος
ἐτῶν
One (is) the God. Monument of Amatha, (daughter) of Ogezon, who ceased to live having a good name (at the age) of 15 years, in (the) year 312, on (the) 8th (day) of (the) month Artemisios. Be of good cheer, no one (is) immortal.
The inscription provides the date as the 8th day of the month Artemisios in the year 312 according to the Era of the Province of Arabia, that is, April 28, 417 CE. The tombstone is one of about 700 discovered in Byzantine Zoora. The majority of the Greek tombstones from this location have been identified as Christian. The rectangular tombstone is curved at the corners and broken in multiple places on the right side. The smoothed, inscribed surface of the stone is chipped in many places. The engraved text, written in oval script, is painted in red throughout. The inscription is set within painted guide-lines, which are discernible throughout the text. While the spacing of the first line is very generous, the letters of the last line are crowded. The text contains both spelling and grammatical errors. A horizontal bar appears above the age numeral in line seven. Both the year and month day numerals in line eight are topped with a horizontal stroke. The month name is abbreviated with its first five letter and the sign S. The personal name Ἀμάθα is otherwise unattested in Palestine and Arabia. It is probably a Greek rendering of the Arabic word 'amat, meaning "female servant." The genitive patronymic Ὀγέζων is the Greek rendering of the Arabic root meaning, "to grow old."