http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AISM_0000174
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062
Aaron Smith (asmith) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-950X
Giulio Montanaro (gmontanaro) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0836-1364
Jennifer C. Girón (jgiron) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
Ryan Lumen (rlumen) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3958-7596
Sergei Tarasov (starasov) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
The Coleoptera Anatomy Ontology contains terms used for describing the anatomy and phenotype of beetles in biodiversity research.
Coleoptera Anatomy Ontology
2024-06-21
This annotation property defines a "sensu", which is the combination of a bibliographic reference, a label and a class (represented by verbatim and logical definitions). Given this model, independent observations can be inferred across to compute synonymy (multiple labels attached to one), homonymy (one label attached to multiple classes).
Yoder MJ, Mikó I, Seltmann KC, Bertone MA, Deans AR (2010) A Gross Anatomy Ontology for Hymenoptera. PLOS ONE 5: e15991.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015991.g004
This annotation property is on the label of a class in owl.
sensu
This annotation property defines a "sensu", which is the combination of a bibliographic reference, a label and a class (represented by verbatim and logical definitions). Given this model, independent observations can be inferred across to compute synonymy (multiple labels attached to one), homonymy (one label attached to multiple classes).
Yoder MJ, Mikó I, Seltmann KC, Bertone MA, Deans AR (2010) A Gross Anatomy Ontology for Hymenoptera. PLOS ONE 5: e15991.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015991.g004
This annotation property is on the label of a class in owl.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-17
The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions.
definition
definition
An administrative note of use for a curator but of no use for a user
IAO:0000232
curator note
curator note
curator notes
An alternative name for a class or property which is unique across the OBO Foundry.
OBO foundry unique label
Ontology annotation property. Relates an ontology to a term that is a designated root term of the ontology. Display tools like OLS can use terms annotated with this property as the starting point for rendering the ontology class hierarchy. There can be more than one root.
has ontology root term
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description
description
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title
title
A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.
isReferencedBy
http://purl.org/dc/terms/license
license
Date on which the resource was changed.
date_modified
database_cross_reference
An alternative label for a class or property which has the exact same meaning than the preferred name/primary label.
has exact synonym
has_exact_synonym
X lateral to y if x is further from the midsagittal plane than y.
lateral_to
X lateral to y if x is further from the midsagittal plane than y.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
lateral_to
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-10-27
X medial to y if x is closer to the midsagittal plane than y.
medial_to
X medial to y if x is closer to the midsagittal plane than y.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
medial_to
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-10-27
x encircles y if both x and y are regions of the 2D structure z, or 2D cross-sections of a 3D object z, and the boundary of y on z is exclusively continuous with x.
encircles
x encircles y if both x and y are regions of the 2D structure z, or 2D cross-sections of a 3D object z, and the boundary of y on z is exclusively continuous with x.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
encircles
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
y is encircled by x if both x and y are regions of the 2D structure z, or 2D cross-sections of a 3D object z, and the boundary of y on z is exclusively continuous with y.
encircled by
y is encircled by x if both x and y are regions of the 2D structure z, or 2D cross-sections of a 3D object z, and the boundary of y on z is exclusively continuous with y.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
encircled by
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
a core relation that holds between a part and its whole
BFO:0000050
part of
part of
part_of
a core relation that holds between a whole and its part
BFO:0000051
has part
has part
has_part
x anterior to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the head. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that extends through an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail.
BSPO:0000096
rostral_to
anterior to
x anterior to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the head. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that extends through an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail.
BSPO:cjm
x distal to y iff x is further along the proximo-distal axis than y, towards the appendage tip. A proximo-distal axis extends from tip of an appendage (distal) to where it joins the body (proximal).
BSPO:0000097
distal to
x distal to y iff x is further along the proximo-distal axis than y, towards the appendage tip. A proximo-distal axis extends from tip of an appendage (distal) to where it joins the body (proximal).
BSPO:cjm
x dorsal to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the back. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that extends through an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly).
BSPO:0000098
dorsal to
x dorsal to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the back. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that extends through an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly).
BSPO:cjm
x posterior to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the body/tail. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that extends through an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail.
BSPO:0000099
posterior to
x posterior to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the body/tail. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that extends through an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail.
BSPO:cjm
x proximal to y iff x is closer to the point of attachment with the body than y.
BSPO:0000100
The elbow is proximal to the hand, but distal to the shoulder.
proximal to
x proximal to y iff x is closer to the point of attachment with the body than y.
BSPO:cjm
x ventral to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the front. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that extends through an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly).
BSPO:0000102
ventral to
x ventral to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the front. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that extends through an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly).
BSPO:cjm
a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the characteristic) and any other entity (the bearer), in which the characteristic depends on the bearer for its existence.
RO:0000052
Note that this relation was previously called "inheres in", but was changed to be called "characteristic of" because BFO2 uses "inheres in" in a more restricted fashion. This relation differs from BFO2:inheres_in in two respects: (1) it does not impose a range constraint, and thus it allows qualities of processes, as well as of information entities, whereas BFO2 restricts inheres_in to only apply to independent continuants (2) it is declared functional, i.e. something can only be a characteristic of one thing.
characteristic of
Inverse of characteristic_of
RO:0000053
bearer of
has characteristic
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
RO:0000086
has quality
has quality
has_quality
a relation between two independent continuants, the location and the target, in which the target is entirely within the location
RO:0001015
location of
location of
RO:0001018
contained in
RO:0001019
contains
contains
a relation between two independent continuants, the target and the location, in which the target is entirely within the location
RO:0001025
located in
located in
A relation that holds between two linear structures that are approximately parallel to each other for their entire length and where either the two structures are adjacent to each other or one is part of the other.
Example: if we define region of chromosome as any subdivision of a chromosome along its long axis, then we can define a region of chromosome that contains only gene x as 'chromosome region' that coincident_with some 'gene x', where the term gene X corresponds to a genomic sequence.
coincident with
X continuous_with Y if and only if X and Y share a fiat boundary.
The label for this relation was previously connected to. I relabeled this to "continuous with". The standard notion of connectedness does not imply shared boundaries - e.g. Glasgow connected_to Edinburgh via M8; my patella connected_to my femur (via patellar-femoral joint)
RO:0002150
continuous with
continuous with
U only_in_taxon T: U is a feature found in only in organisms of species of taxon T. The feature cannot be found in an organism of any species outside of (not subsumed by) that taxon. Down-propagates in U hierarchy, up-propagates in T hierarchy (species taxonomy). Implies applicable_to_taxon.
x only in taxon y if and only if x is in taxon y, and there is no other organism z such that y!=z a and x is in taxon z.
RO:0002160
never_outside_taxon
specific_to
specific_to_taxon
Down-propagates. The original name for this in the paper is 'specific_to'. Applicable to genes because some genes are lost in sub-species (strains) of a species.
only in taxon
only_in_taxon
U only_in_taxon T: U is a feature found in only in organisms of species of taxon T. The feature cannot be found in an organism of any species outside of (not subsumed by) that taxon. Down-propagates in U hierarchy, up-propagates in T hierarchy (species taxonomy). Implies applicable_to_taxon.
ROC:Waclaw
x is in taxon y if an only if y is an organism, and the relationship between x and y is one of: part of (reflexive), developmentally preceded by, derives from, secreted by, expressed.
RO:0002162
Connects a biological entity to its taxon of origin.
in taxon
c connects a if and only if there exist some b such that a and b are similar parts of the same system, and c connects b, specifically, c connects a with b. When one structure connects two others it unites some aspect of the function or role they play within the system.
connects
x adjacent to y if and only if x and y share a boundary.
RO:0002220
adjacent to
adjacent to
a is attached to b if and only if a and b are discrete objects or object parts, and there are physical connections between a and b such that a force pulling a will move b, or a force pulling b will move a
RO:0002371
attached to
attached to
derived from ancestral fusion of
derived from ancestral fusion of
gmontanaro https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0836-1364
2023-05-30
OBSOLETE. q1 decreased_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) < magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale.
Refer to https://github.com/pato-ontology/pato/issues/454 for obsoletion reason. This relation is used to determine the 'directionality' of relative qualities such as 'decreased strength', relative to the parent type, 'strength'.
obsolete decreased_in_magnitude_relative_to
OBSOLETE. q1 decreased_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) < magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale.
PATOC:CJM
OBSOLETE. q1 increased_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) > magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale.
Refer to https://github.com/pato-ontology/pato/issues/454. This relation is used to determine the 'directionality' of relative qualities such as 'increased strength', relative to the parent type, 'strength'.
obsolete increased_in_magnitude_relative_to
OBSOLETE. q1 increased_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) > magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale.
PATOC:CJM
x anteriorly_connected_to y iff the anterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x posterior_to y.
anteriorly connected to
x anteriorly_connected_to y iff the anterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x posterior_to y.
x anteriorly_connected_to y iff the anterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x posterior_to y.
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/docs/Connectivity-Design-Pattern
x posteriorly_connected_to y iff the posterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x anterior_to y.
posteriorly connected to
x posteriorly_connected_to y iff the posterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x anterior_to y.
x posteriorly_connected_to y iff the posterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x anterior_to y.
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/docs/Connectivity-Design-Pattern
The projection of the inner surface of the cuticle.
cuticular internal depression
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The projection of the inner surface of the cuticle.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-05-19
The region of cuticle that is composed two articular surfaces that are adjacent to each other.
Articulations are 'anatomical clusters', collections of not direclty connected (continuous) sclerite surfaces that are adjacent to another sclerite. The cranio-mandibular articulation is the articular surface of the cranium and the adjacent articular surface of the mandible. The articular surfaces are sometimes located on the same sclerite.
insect articulation
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The region of cuticle that is composed two articular surfaces that are adjacent to each other.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-10-27
Articulations are 'anatomical clusters', collections of not direclty connected (continuous) sclerite surfaces that are adjacent to another sclerite. The cranio-mandibular articulation is the articular surface of the cranium and the adjacent articular surface of the mandible. The articular surfaces are sometimes located on the same sclerite.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The region of the insect cuticle that is less flexible than the neighboring conjunctiva(e) (conjunctiva(e) that the sclerite is continuous with.
http://flybase.org/cgi-bin/fbcvq.html?query=FBbt:00004475
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0000909
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6004475
insect sclerite
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The region of the insect cuticle that is less flexible than the neighboring conjunctiva(e) (conjunctiva(e) that the sclerite is continuous with.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-10-27
http://flybase.org/cgi-bin/fbcvq.html?query=FBbt:00004475
sclerite
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0000909
The area of the cuticle that is less flexible than adjacent conjunctivae.
sclerite
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6004475
insect sclerite
insect sclerite
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Sclerite: distinctly sclerotized region of the integument, with thick layer of exocuticle."
Modified 2023-01-09: specifying insect sclerite.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The region of the insect cuticle that is more flexible than the neighboring sclerite(s) [sclerite(s) that the conjunctiva is continuous with].
Conjunctivae are more flexible and usually less thick than sclerties of the cuticle allowing the sclerites to move relative to each other.
Micro-CT based methods cannot be used to accurately differentiate slcerites from conjunctiuvae. CLSM (the excitation wavelengths of sclerites and conjunctivae are different in response of 488 nm emission vawelength), histological sections or simple dissections need to be applied to define relative flexibility of the insect cuticle.
If a conjunctiva entirelly encircles a sclerite, then the 'encircles' and 'encircled by' object properties are used to link the sclerite and the conjunctiva even in cases in which the encircled sclerites or conjunctivae are part of an evagination allowing to model spatial relationship between appendage segments: the pedicel is encircled by the scapal-pedicellar conjunctiva, which is encircled by the scape or the the coxa encircles the coxo-femoral conjunctiuva that encircels the femur.
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0000221
membrane
conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The region of the insect cuticle that is more flexible than the neighboring sclerite(s) [sclerite(s) that the conjunctiva is continuous with].
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-10-27
Conjunctivae are more flexible and usually less thick than sclerties of the cuticle allowing the sclerites to move relative to each other.
Micro-CT based methods cannot be used to accurately differentiate slcerites from conjunctiuvae. CLSM (the excitation wavelengths of sclerites and conjunctivae are different in response of 488 nm emission vawelength), histological sections or simple dissections need to be applied to define relative flexibility of the insect cuticle.
If a conjunctiva entirelly encircles a sclerite, then the 'encircles' and 'encircled by' object properties are used to link the sclerite and the conjunctiva even in cases in which the encircled sclerites or conjunctivae are part of an evagination allowing to model spatial relationship between appendage segments: the pedicel is encircled by the scapal-pedicellar conjunctiva, which is encircled by the scape or the the coxa encircles the coxo-femoral conjunctiuva that encircels the femur.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0000221
The area of the cuticle that is more flexible than adjacent sclerites.
conjunctiva
membrane
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Membrane: very flexible, unsclerotized area of the integument."
The region of the cuticle that corresponds to a concave surface.
External cuticular depression. The surface of the cuticle in insects is the entire surface of an organism, and it is composed of flat, concave and convex regions. Concavities sometimes correspons with invaginations of the cuticle and the underlaying sinlge layer epidermis, somtimes correspond to a decreased cuticular thickness.
cuticular depression
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The region of the cuticle that corresponds to a concave surface.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-10-27
External cuticular depression. The surface of the cuticle in insects is the entire surface of an organism, and it is composed of flat, concave and convex regions. Concavities sometimes correspons with invaginations of the cuticle and the underlaying sinlge layer epidermis, somtimes correspond to a decreased cuticular thickness.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The region of cuticle that corresponds with an invagination of the single layer epidermis (epidermal fold). The cuticular invagination sometimes corresponds to a cuticular depression (concavity on the surface of the cuticle).
cuticular invagination
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The region of cuticle that corresponds with an invagination of the single layer epidermis (epidermal fold). The cuticular invagination sometimes corresponds to a cuticular depression (concavity on the surface of the cuticle).
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-10-27
The region of cuticle with higher content of resilin.
elastic cuticle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The region of cuticle with higher content of resilin.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
elastic cuticle
2020-10-27
The region of the cuticle that corresponds to a convex surface.
The surface of the cuticle in insects is the entire surface of an organism, and it is composed of flat, concave and convex regions. Convexities sometimes correspons with evaginations of the cuticle and the underlaying sinlge layer epidermis and sometimes correspond to an increased cuticular thickness."
cuticular protrusion
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The region of the cuticle that corresponds to a convex surface.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-10-27
The surface of the cuticle in insects is the entire surface of an organism, and it is composed of flat, concave and convex regions. Convexities sometimes correspons with evaginations of the cuticle and the underlaying sinlge layer epidermis and sometimes correspond to an increased cuticular thickness."
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
A part or structure that is produced by evagination.
evaginated
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
A part or structure that is produced by evagination.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
evaginated
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-10-27
The articulation between the mandible and the cranium.
insect cranio-mandibular articulation
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The articulation between the mandible and the cranium.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-10-27
insect cranio-mandibular articulation
Modified 2023-02-05: specified insect.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The articulation between the cardo and the cranium.
cranio-cardinal articulation
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The articulation between the cardo and the cranium.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-10-27
The articulation between the scapus and the cranium.
cranio-antennal articulation
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The articulation between the scapus and the cranium.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-10-27
The articulation between the head and the neck.
insect head-cervical articulation
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The articulation between the head and the neck.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-10-27
insect head-cervical articulation
Modified 2023-02-05: specified insect.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The sclerite of the insect maxilla that is attached to the head capsule by the oral foraminal conjunctiva and to the cuticle of stipes by the stipito-cardinal conjunctiva.
cardo
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The sclerite of the insect maxilla that is attached to the head capsule by the oral foraminal conjunctiva and to the cuticle of stipes by the stipito-cardinal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-02-19
cardo
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Cardo: basal element of maxilla, articulating with head capsule; usually moved by one cranial muscle and one tentorial muscle."
The sclerite of the insect head that is attached to the neck membrane and the oral foraminal conjunctiva, bears the eye cuticle and surrounds the brain
cephalic capsule
insect cranium
head capsule
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The sclerite of the insect head that is attached to the neck membrane and the oral foraminal conjunctiva, bears the eye cuticle and surrounds the brain
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-02-19
cephalic capsule
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
insect cranium
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
head capsule
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"The head capsule is almost always a rigid, well sclerotized structural unit, equipped with a defined set of appendages. It is reinforced by strengthening ridges and the endoskeletal tentorium"
The axillary sclerite that is on the dorsal region of the basal wing conjunctiva and lateral to the first axillary sclerite.
dorsal second axillary sclerite
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The axillary sclerite that is on the dorsal region of the basal wing conjunctiva and lateral to the first axillary sclerite.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-10
Is the abdominal tergite of the preabdomen that is attached to the posterior margin of the tergum by the metanoto-abdominal tergite I conjunctiva and to the anterior margin of the abdominal tergite II by the abdominal tergite I-abdominal tergite II conjunctiva.
abdominal tergite I
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
Is the abdominal tergite of the preabdomen that is attached to the posterior margin of the tergum by the metanoto-abdominal tergite I conjunctiva and to the anterior margin of the abdominal tergite II by the abdominal tergite I-abdominal tergite II conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-03-18
The axillary sclerite that is part of the dorsal region of the basal wing conjunctiva and is anterior to the third axillary sclerite.
first axillary sclerite
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The axillary sclerite that is part of the dorsal region of the basal wing conjunctiva and is anterior to the third axillary sclerite.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-10
The cuticle of the appendage of the insect maxilla that is attached to the stipes by the stipito-galeal conjunctiva.
galea
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the appendage of the insect maxilla that is attached to the stipes by the stipito-galeal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-02-19
galea
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Galea: outer endite lobe of maxilla, usually semimembranous and equipped with sensilla (mainly chemoreceptors)."
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the paired appendage of the labium that is attached to the palpiger by the palpigero-palpal conjunctiva.
labial palpus
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the paired appendage of the labium that is attached to the palpiger by the palpigero-palpal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-02-19
labial palpus
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Labial palp: tactile appendage of the labium."
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the appendage of the insect maxilla that is attached to the cuticle of stipes by the stipito-lacinial conjunctiva.
lacinia
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the appendage of the insect maxilla that is attached to the cuticle of stipes by the stipito-lacinial conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-02-19
lacinia
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Lacinia: inner endite lobe of maxilla, usually firmly connected or fused with stipes; usually sclerotized, with mesally curved apex and articulated spines arranged along mesal edge."
2021-12-08
The region of cuticle that corresponds with an evagination of the cuticle and the single layer epidermis (epidermal fold). The cuticular evagination usually corresponds to a cuticular protrusion (convexity on the surface of the cuticle).
cuticular evagination
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-08-01
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The region of cuticle that corresponds with an evagination of the cuticle and the single layer epidermis (epidermal fold). The cuticular evagination usually corresponds to a cuticular protrusion (convexity on the surface of the cuticle).
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
The cuticular protrusion that does not correspond to an evagination.
solid cuticular protrusion
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticular protrusion that does not correspond to an evagination.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
solid cuticular protrusion
2020-11-11
The evagination of the cuticle that is musculated (connected to the body via muscles).
insect appendage
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-08-01
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The evagination of the cuticle that is musculated (connected to the body via muscles).
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
insect appendage
Nichols, S. W. (1989) Torre-Bueno glossary of entomology. New York Entomological Society. 840 pp.
https://ipmhouse.tamu.edu/files/2021/03/The-Torre-Bueno-Glossary-of-Entomology.pdf
"any part, piece, or organ attached by a joint to the body or to any other main structure"
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the paired appendage of the insect thorax that is composed of coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, tarsus, and pretarsus.
insect leg
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the paired appendage of the insect thorax that is composed of coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, tarsus, and pretarsus.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-03-18
insect leg
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the appendage of the head capsule that is connected by the antenniferal-scapal conjunctiva to the cuticle of the scapus, which is connected by the scapal-pedicellar conjunctiva to the cuticle of the pedicellus; the cuticle of the pedicellus is connected by the pedicellar-first flagellomeral conjunctiva to the cuticle of the first flagellomere; the cuticle of the first flagellomere is connected by interflagellomeral conjunctiva to the next cuticle of flagellomere. Further cuticle of flagellomeres are connected to each other by interflagellomeral conjunctiva.
antenna
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the appendage of the head capsule that is connected by the antenniferal-scapal conjunctiva to the cuticle of the scapus, which is connected by the scapal-pedicellar conjunctiva to the cuticle of the pedicellus; the cuticle of the pedicellus is connected by the pedicellar-first flagellomeral conjunctiva to the cuticle of the first flagellomere; the cuticle of the first flagellomere is connected by interflagellomeral conjunctiva to the next cuticle of flagellomere. Further cuticle of flagellomeres are connected to each other by interflagellomeral conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-02-19
antenna
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Antenna: head appendage of segment 2, innervated by deutocerebrum; in Insecta composed of scapus, pedicellus and flagellum; primarily multisegmented and filiform."
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the flat, paired appendage on the dorso-lateral region of the pterothorax.
insect wing
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the flat, paired appendage on the dorso-lateral region of the pterothorax.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-21
insect wing
Nichols, S. W. (1989) Torre-Bueno glossary of entomology. New York Entomological Society. 840 pp.
https://ipmhouse.tamu.edu/files/2021/03/The-Torre-Bueno-Glossary-of-Entomology.pdf
"in adult insects or subimago of Ephemeroptera, paired mambranous appendages, supported by veins, located on the mesothorax or metathorax, functioning in flight"
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the paired appendage of the prothorax that is anterior to the cuticle of a mid leg and composed of cuticle of procoxa, cuticle of protrochanter, cuticle of profemur, cuticle of protibia, cuticle of protarsus, and cuticle of propretarsus.
fore leg
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the paired appendage of the prothorax that is anterior to the cuticle of a mid leg and composed of cuticle of procoxa, cuticle of protrochanter, cuticle of profemur, cuticle of protibia, cuticle of protarsus, and cuticle of propretarsus.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-03
fore leg
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the paired appendage of the mesothorax that is posterior to the cuticle of a fore leg, anterior to the cuticle of a hind leg, and composed of cuticle of mesocoxa, cuticle of mesotrochanter, cuticle of mesofemur, cuticle of mesotibia, cuticle of mesotarsus, and cuticle of mesopretarsus.
mid leg
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the paired appendage of the mesothorax that is posterior to the cuticle of a fore leg, anterior to the cuticle of a hind leg, and composed of cuticle of mesocoxa, cuticle of mesotrochanter, cuticle of mesofemur, cuticle of mesotibia, cuticle of mesotarsus, and cuticle of mesopretarsus.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-03
mid leg
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the paired appendage of the metathorax that is posterior to the cuticle of a mid leg and composed of cuticle of metacoxa, cuticle of metatrochanter, cuticle of metafemur, cuticle of metatibia, cuticle of metatarsus, and cuticle of metapretarsus.
hind leg
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the paired appendage of the metathorax that is posterior to the cuticle of a mid leg and composed of cuticle of metacoxa, cuticle of metatrochanter, cuticle of metafemur, cuticle of metatibia, cuticle of metatarsus, and cuticle of metapretarsus.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-03
hind leg
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the paired insect wing that is continuous with the mesonotum.
fore wing
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticle of the paired insect wing that is continuous with the mesonotum.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-21
fore wing
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the paired insect wing that is continuous with the metanotum.
hind wing
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticle of the paired insect wing that is continuous with the metanotum.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-21
hind wing
2021-12-08
The unicellular cuticular evagination that constitutes a sclerite with its base surrounded by socket membrane.
cuticular seta
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The unicellular cuticular evagination that constitutes a sclerite with its base surrounded by socket membrane.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
cuticular seta
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Seta (=macrotrichium): articulated hair with socket, formed by trichogen cell."
2021-12-10
2020-11-11
The multicellular evagination of the cuticle that corresponds to an epithelial fold, composed of some sclerite that is encricled by a conjunctiva (moveable).
The difference between an appendage and a spur is the lack of muscles attached to the spur, otherwise, the mandible would be also a spur. Spines are multicellular evaginations that are not encircled by conjunctivae. Moveable beetle horns are spurs while not moveable beetle horns are spines.
cuticular spur
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The multicellular evagination of the cuticle that corresponds to an epithelial fold, composed of some sclerite that is encricled by a conjunctiva (moveable).
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
The difference between an appendage and a spur is the lack of muscles attached to the spur, otherwise, the mandible would be also a spur. Spines are multicellular evaginations that are not encircled by conjunctivae. Moveable beetle horns are spurs while not moveable beetle horns are spines.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
cuticular spur
Richards AG, Richards PA (1979) The cuticular protuberances of insects. International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 8: 143–157.
"Multicellular protuberances without differentiation of specialized cells"
2021-12-10
https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7322(79)90013-8
The seta that is flat.
cuticular scale
squama
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The seta that is flat.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
cuticular scale
2021-12-10
squama
Oberprieler, R. G., & Zimmerman, E. C. (2020). Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume IV. Curculionidae: Entiminae Part I. CSIRO Publishing. https://www.publish.csiro.au/book/202
"squamae (scales)" p. 49
2022-03-03
The cuticle of the mouthpart and appendage that is attached to the clypeus by the clypeo-labral conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the epipharynx.
labrum
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the mouthpart and appendage that is attached to the clypeus by the clypeo-labral conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the epipharynx.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-02-19
labrum
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Labrum: unpaired upper lip, connected with distal edge of clypeus."
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the mouthpart and sclerite between the cuticle of the labrum and the cuticle of the insect maxilla that is attached to the head capsule by the oral foraminal conjunctiva and the cranio-mandibular muscle.
insect mandible
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the mouthpart and sclerite between the cuticle of the labrum and the cuticle of the insect maxilla that is attached to the head capsule by the oral foraminal conjunctiva and the cranio-mandibular muscle.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-02-19
insect mandible
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"The mandibles are the paired appendages of the 4th head segment and receive their innervation from the anterior part of the suboesophageal ganglion [...] They are primarily a compact, undivided and strongly sclerotized element without appendages."
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the mouthpart appendage of the head capsule, between the cuticle of the insect mandible and the cuticle of the labium, composed of cuticle of cardo, which is attached to the cuticle of stipes by the cardo-stipital conjunctiva; the cuticle of stipes, which is attached to the cuticle of galea by the stipito-galeal conjunctiva, to the cuticle of lacinia by the stipito-lacinial conjunctiva, and to the cuticle of palpifer by the stipito-palpiferal conjunctiva; the cuticle of palpifer is attached to the cuticle of maxillary palpus by the palpifero-palpal conjunctiva.
insect maxilla
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the mouthpart appendage of the head capsule, between the cuticle of the insect mandible and the cuticle of the labium, composed of cuticle of cardo, which is attached to the cuticle of stipes by the cardo-stipital conjunctiva; the cuticle of stipes, which is attached to the cuticle of galea by the stipito-galeal conjunctiva, to the cuticle of lacinia by the stipito-lacinial conjunctiva, and to the cuticle of palpifer by the stipito-palpiferal conjunctiva; the cuticle of palpifer is attached to the cuticle of maxillary palpus by the palpifero-palpal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-02-19
insect maxilla
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Maxilla: head appendage of segment 5, innervated by maxillary nerve originating from intermediate part of suboesophageal complex; primarily composed of cardo, stipes, endite lobes (lacinia, galea) and maxillary palp."
2021-12-08
The conjunctiva of the insect thorax that connects the mesothorax and the metathorax.
mesothoracic-metathoracic conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The conjunctiva of the insect thorax that connects the mesothorax and the metathorax.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-03-18
The conjunctiva of the insect thorax joining the prothorax and the mesothorax.
prothoracic-mesothoracic conjunctiva
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the insect thorax joining the prothorax and the mesothorax.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2020-03-18
The cuticle of the appendage of the insect leg that is attached to the cuticle of tarsus by the tarso-pretarsal conjunctiva.
ungues
pretarsus
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the appendage of the insect leg that is attached to the cuticle of tarsus by the tarso-pretarsal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-03-18
ungues
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Ungues: pretarsal claws; unpaired in Collembola and Protura, usually paired in Diplura and Insecta."
pretarsus
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the appendage of the cuticle of labium composed of the cuticle of glossa and cuticle of paraglossa jointly.
ligula
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the appendage of the cuticle of labium composed of the cuticle of glossa and cuticle of paraglossa jointly.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-02-19
ligula
Snodgrass RE (1993) Principles of Insect Morphology. Cornell University Press, 768 pp.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7591/j.ctv1nhm1j
"Ligula - The terminal lobes of the labium collectively, or a terminal part of the labium formed by the union of the lobes."
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the appendage of the labium, and part of the ligula, that is attached to the prementum by the premental-glossal conjunctiva.
glossa
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the appendage of the labium, and part of the ligula, that is attached to the prementum by the premental-glossal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-02-19
glossa
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Glossa: paired inner endite lobes of the prementum."
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the paired appendage of the labium, and part of the ligula, that is attached to the cuticle of prementum by the premental-paraglossal conjunctiva.
paraglossa
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the paired appendage of the labium, and part of the ligula, that is attached to the cuticle of prementum by the premental-paraglossal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-02-19
paraglossa
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Paraglossa: paired outer endite lobes of the prementum (labium)."
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the appendage of the insect maxilla that is attached to the cuticle of palpifer by the palpifero-palpal conjunctiva.
maxillary palpus
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the appendage of the insect maxilla that is attached to the cuticle of palpifer by the palpifero-palpal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-02-19
maxillary palpus
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Palp: tactile appendage of maxilla"
2021-12-08
The notum or sclerite on the dorsal region of the mesothorax that is posterior to the pronotum, connected via the mesonoto-mesopleural conjuntiva to the dorsal margin of the mesopleuron, that is not adjacent to the mesocoxa, but attached to it by the mesocoxal muscle.
mesonotum
jcgiron
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jcgiron
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jcgiron
jcgiron
jcgiron
jcgiron
The notum or sclerite on the dorsal region of the mesothorax that is posterior to the pronotum, connected via the mesonoto-mesopleural conjuntiva to the dorsal margin of the mesopleuron, that is not adjacent to the mesocoxa, but attached to it by the mesocoxal muscle.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
The sclerite that is continuous with the basal mesocoxal conjunctiva and the basal wing conjunctiva and contains the mesofurca.
mesopectus
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The sclerite that is continuous with the basal mesocoxal conjunctiva and the basal wing conjunctiva and contains the mesofurca.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
mesopectus
2020-11-11
The trochantin that is located on the ventro-lateral region of the mesothorax and is attached to a mesocoxa and surrounded by the basal mesocoxal conjunctiva.
mesotrochantin
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The trochantin that is located on the ventro-lateral region of the mesothorax and is attached to a mesocoxa and surrounded by the basal mesocoxal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
mesotrochantin
2020-11-11
The trochantin that is located on the ventro-lateral region of the prothorax and is attached to a procoxa and surrounded by the basal procoxal conjunctiva.
protrochantin
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The trochantin that is located on the ventro-lateral region of the prothorax and is attached to a procoxa and surrounded by the basal procoxal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
protrochantin
2020-11-11
The trochantin that is located on the ventro-lateral region of the metathorax and is attached to a metacoxa and surrounded by the basal metacoxal conjunctiva.
metatrochantin
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The trochantin that is located on the ventro-lateral region of the metathorax and is attached to a metacoxa and surrounded by the basal metacoxal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
metatrochantin
2020-11-11
The sclerite of the labium that is connected to the mentum by the mental-premental conjunctiva, to the palpiger by the premental-palpigeral conjunctiva, to the paraglossa by the premental-paraglossal conjunctiva, and to the glossa by the premental-glossal conjunctiva.
prementum
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The sclerite of the labium that is connected to the mentum by the mental-premental conjunctiva, to the palpiger by the premental-palpigeral conjunctiva, to the paraglossa by the premental-paraglossal conjunctiva, and to the glossa by the premental-glossal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-02-19
prementum
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Prementum: distal main element of labium, bearing the endite lobes (glossa and paraglossa) and the labial palp."
The sclerite that is posterior to the pronotum and receives the site of attachment of the dilutor muscle of the first thoracic spiracle.
prepectus
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The sclerite that is posterior to the pronotum and receives the site of attachment of the dilutor muscle of the first thoracic spiracle.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
prepectus
2020-11-11
The notum or sclerite on the dorsal region of the prothorax that is attached to cranial muscles, procoxal muscles, contiuous posterioirly with the neck membrane and with pronoto-propleural conjunctiva and not adjacent (not touching) to the procoxa.
pronotum
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The notum or sclerite on the dorsal region of the prothorax that is attached to cranial muscles, procoxal muscles, contiuous posterioirly with the neck membrane and with pronoto-propleural conjunctiva and not adjacent (not touching) to the procoxa.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2022-03-09
2021-03-18
pronotum
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Pronotum: prothoracic tergum."
The cuticle of the mere that is part of the labial palpus.
labial palpomere
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the mere that is part of the labial palpus.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-21
labial palpomere
2021-12-08
The sclerite on the ventral region of the prothorax that bears the profurca and is attached to the propleuro-prosternal conjunctiva.
prosternum
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The sclerite on the ventral region of the prothorax that bears the profurca and is attached to the propleuro-prosternal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-09
The sclerite that is cylindrical and encircles and is encircled by conjunctiva.
ring sclerite
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The sclerite that is cylindrical and encircles and is encircled by conjunctiva.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
The ring sclerite that is part of an appendage and is attached to muscle.
appendage segment
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The ring sclerite that is part of an appendage and is attached to muscle.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
appendage segment
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the segment of the mid leg that is attached to the latero-ventral region of the mesothorax by the basal mesocoxal conjunctiva and to the mesotrochanter by the mesocoxal-mesotrochanteral conjunctiva.
mesocoxa
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the segment of the mid leg that is attached to the latero-ventral region of the mesothorax by the basal mesocoxal conjunctiva and to the mesotrochanter by the mesocoxal-mesotrochanteral conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-03-18
mesocoxa
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the segment of the hind leg that is attached to the latero-ventral region of the metathorax by the basal metacoxal conjunctiva and to the metatrochanter by the metacoxal-metatrochanteral conjunctiva.
metacoxa
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the segment of the hind leg that is attached to the latero-ventral region of the metathorax by the basal metacoxal conjunctiva and to the metatrochanter by the metacoxal-metatrochanteral conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-03-18
metacoxa
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the segment of the fore leg that is attached to the latero-ventral region of the prothorax by the basal procoxal conjunctiva and to the protrochanter by the procoxal-protrochanteral conjunctiva.
procoxa
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the segment of the fore leg that is attached to the latero-ventral region of the prothorax by the basal procoxal conjunctiva and to the protrochanter by the procoxal-protrochanteral conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-03-18
procoxa
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the segment of a fore leg attached to the distal margin of the profemur by the profemoro-protibial conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the protarsus by the protibio-protarsal conjunctiva.
protibia
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the segment of a fore leg attached to the distal margin of the profemur by the profemoro-protibial conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the protarsus by the protibio-protarsal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-03
protibia
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the segment of a mid leg attached to the distal margin of the mesofemur by the mesofemoro-mesotibial conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the mesotarsus by the mesotibio-mesotarsal conjunctiva.
mesotibia
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the segment of a mid leg attached to the distal margin of the mesofemur by the mesofemoro-mesotibial conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the mesotarsus by the mesotibio-mesotarsal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-03
mesotibia
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the segment of a hind leg attached to the distal margin of the metafemur by the metafemoro-metatibial conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the metatarsus by the metatibio-metatarsal conjunctiva.
metatibia
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the segment of a hind leg attached to the distal margin of the metafemur by the metafemoro-metatibial conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the metatarsus by the metatibio-metatarsal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-03
metatibia
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the segment of a fore leg attached to the distal margin of the protrochanter by the protrochantero-profemoral conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the protibia by the profemoro-protibial conjunctiva.
profemur
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the segment of a fore leg attached to the distal margin of the protrochanter by the protrochantero-profemoral conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the protibia by the profemoro-protibial conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-03-18
profemur
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the segment of a mid leg attached to the distal margin of the mesotrochanter by the mesotrochantero-mesofemoral conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the mesotibia by the mesofemoro-mesotibial conjunctiva.
mesofemur
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the segment of a mid leg attached to the distal margin of the mesotrochanter by the mesotrochantero-mesofemoral conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the mesotibia by the mesofemoro-mesotibial conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-03-18
mesofemur
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the segment of a hind leg attached to the distal margin of the metatrochanter by the metatrochantero-metafemoral conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the metatibia by the metafemoro-metatibial conjunctiva.
metafemur
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the segment of a hind leg attached to the distal margin of the metatrochanter by the metatrochantero-metafemoral conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the metatibia by the metafemoro-metatibial conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-03-18
metafemur
2021-12-08
The ring sclerite that is part of an appendage and is not attached to somatic muscle.
mere
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The ring sclerite that is part of an appendage and is not attached to somatic muscle.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-21
mere
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the mere that is part of the tarsus.
tarsomere
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the mere that is part of the tarsus.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-21
tarsomere
"Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Tarsomere: subelement of tarsus in Insecta; number often taxon-specific, sometimes differing on legs of different segments (diagnostic value: tarsal formula)."
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the segment of a leg attached to the distal margin of the femur by the femoro-tibial conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the tarsus by the tibio-tarsal conjunctiva.
tibia
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the segment of a leg attached to the distal margin of the femur by the femoro-tibial conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the tarsus by the tibio-tarsal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-03
tibia
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Tibia: 4th element of leg; usually cylindrical and equipped with paired terminal spurs, often with rows of spines."
2021-12-08
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the segment of a leg attached to the distal margin of the trochanter by the trochantero-femoral conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the tibia by the femoro-tibial conjunctiva.
femur
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the segment of a leg attached to the distal margin of the trochanter by the trochantero-femoral conjunctiva and to the proximal margin of the tibia by the femoro-tibial conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-03-18
femur
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Femur: 3rd element of leg, often largest part."
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the segment of the leg that is attached to the latero-ventral region of the insect thorax by the basal coxal conjunctiva and to the trochanter by the coxal-trochanteral conjunctiva.
coxa
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the segment of the leg that is attached to the latero-ventral region of the insect thorax by the basal coxal conjunctiva and to the trochanter by the coxal-trochanteral conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-03-18
coxa
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Coxa: basal element of leg; articulated with pleural, sternal and usually also trochantinal elements of thoracic segment."
2021-12-08
The somatic muscle that is attached to the head capsule.
insect cranial muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-12-13
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The somatic muscle that is attached to the head capsule.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-04
The somatic muscle that is attached to the head capsule and the antenna.
cranio-antennal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The somatic muscle that is attached to the head capsule and the antenna.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-12-13
2021-04-04
The somatic muscle that is attached to the head capsule and the insect mandible.
cranio-mandibular muscle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The somatic muscle that is attached to the head capsule and the insect mandible.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-12-13
2021-04-04
The somatic muscle that is attached to the head capsule and the labium.
cranio-labial muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The somatic muscle that is attached to the head capsule and the labium.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-04
The somatic muscle that is attached to the head capsule and the labrum.
cranio-labral muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The somatic muscle that is attached to the head capsule and the labrum.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-12-13
2021-04-04
The coxal muscle of the mesocoxa.
mesocoxal muscle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The coxal muscle of the mesocoxa.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
mesocoxal muscle
2020-11-11
The somatic muscle that inserts in the coxa.
All of the coxal muscles, except the second sternal-metacoxal muscle, are attached to the thorax.
coxal muscle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The somatic muscle that inserts in the coxa.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-12-13
2021-04-21
All of the coxal muscles, except the second sternal-metacoxal muscle, are attached to the thorax.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticle of the mouthpart appendage composed of the cuticle of submentum, which is attached by the submental-mental conjunctiva to the cuticle of mentum, which is attached by the mental-premental conjunctiva to the cuticle of prementum, which is attached to the cuticle of palpiger by the premental-palpigeral conjunctiva, the cuticle of paraglossa by the premental-paraglossal conjunctiva, and the cuticle of glossa by the premental-glossal conjunctiva; the cuticle of palpiger is attached by the palpigero-palpal conjunctiva to the cuticle of labial palpus.
labium
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the mouthpart appendage composed of the cuticle of submentum, which is attached by the submental-mental conjunctiva to the cuticle of mentum, which is attached by the mental-premental conjunctiva to the cuticle of prementum, which is attached to the cuticle of palpiger by the premental-palpigeral conjunctiva, the cuticle of paraglossa by the premental-paraglossal conjunctiva, and the cuticle of glossa by the premental-glossal conjunctiva; the cuticle of palpiger is attached by the palpigero-palpal conjunctiva to the cuticle of labial palpus.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-02-19
labium
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"The labium or lower lip forms the posterior (orthognathous head) or ventral (prognathous head) closure of the preoral space and of the salivarium. It is homologous to the maxilla (2nd maxilla) of crustaceans, but its proximal
parts form a structural unit without a recognizable median line or suture."
2021-12-08
The elastic cuticle of the head capsule that is transparent and covers the eye.
eye cuticle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The elastic cuticle of the head capsule that is transparent and covers the eye.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
eye cuticle
2020-11-11
The resilin rich region that connects two sclerites.
insect ligament
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The resilin rich region that connects two sclerites.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
insect ligament
Modified 2023-01-09 to specify insect ligament.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2020-11-11
The apodeme of elastic cuticle that is continuous with somatic muscle.
The usually cylindircal evagination of the cuticle that is resilin rich and is continuous with somatic muscles.
cuticular tendon
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The apodeme of elastic cuticle that is continuous with somatic muscle.
2022-06-22
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The usually cylindircal evagination of the cuticle that is resilin rich and is continuous with somatic muscles.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
cuticular tendon
Klass K-D (2001) The female abdomen of the viviparous earwig Hemimerus vosseleri (Insecta: Dermaptera: Hemimeridae), with a discussion of the postgenital abdomen of Insecta. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 131: 251–307.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2001.tb02239.x
"tendon is used herein to designate membranous internal cuticular projections"
The branching invagination of elastic cuticle that is cylindrical and contains taenidia.
insect trachea
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The branching invagination of elastic cuticle that is cylindrical and contains taenidia.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
insect trachea
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Trachea: tube-shaped elements of the tracheal system."
Modified 2023-01-09 to specify insect trachea.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the insect head that is attached to the salivarium and to the oral foraminal conjunctiva.
hypopharynx
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the insect head that is attached to the salivarium and to the oral foraminal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-02-19
hypopharynx
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Hypopharynx: median unpaired lobe between mouthparts and epipharynx; anterior (dorsal) surface continuous with anterior pharynx."
The conjunctiva of the insect thorax that joins the mesopleuron and the metapleuron.
mesopleuro-metapleural conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the insect thorax that joins the mesopleuron and the metapleuron.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-09
The conjunctiva of the mesothorax that joins the metasternum and the metacoxa.
metasterno-metacoxal conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the mesothorax that joins the metasternum and the metacoxa.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-09
The conjunctiva of the prothorax that joins the prosternum and the procoxa.
prosternal-procoxal conjunctiva
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the prothorax that joins the prosternum and the procoxa.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-09
The conjunctiva of the metathorax that joins the metapleuron and the metacoxa.
metapleuro-metacoxal conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the metathorax that joins the metapleuron and the metacoxa.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-09
The conjuctiva that is continuous with the posterior margin of the head capsule and with the anterior margin of the prothorax, and bears cervical sclerites.
cervical membrane
neck membrane
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The conjuctiva that is continuous with the posterior margin of the head capsule and with the anterior margin of the prothorax, and bears cervical sclerites.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2022-06-27
2020-11-11
cervical membrane
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Cervical membrane: membrane connecting the head and prothorax."
The conjunctiva of the insect head that connects the head capsule and the mouthparts.
oral foraminal conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the insect head that connects the head capsule and the mouthparts.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-03
The conjunctiva of the insect thorax that joins the pronotum and the mesonotum.
pronoto-mesonotal conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the insect thorax that joins the pronotum and the mesonotum.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-09
The conjunctiva that is attached to the pronotum and the mesopectus.
pronoto-mesopectal conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva that is attached to the pronotum and the mesopectus.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
The conjunctiva that encircles a ring sclerite.
ring conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The conjunctiva that encircles a ring sclerite.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-03
The conjunctiva that encircles the mesocoxa and connects it to the ventral and lateral regions of the mesothorax.
basal mesocoxal conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva that encircles the mesocoxa and connects it to the ventral and lateral regions of the mesothorax.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
The conjunctiva that encircles the metacoxa and connects it to the ventral and lateral regions of the metathorax.
basal metacoxal conjunctiva
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva that encircles the metacoxa and connects it to the ventral and lateral regions of the metathorax.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-03-18
The conjunctiva of the insect head that is connected to the oral foraminal conjunctiva and to the distal margin of the labrum.
epipharynx
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The conjunctiva of the insect head that is connected to the oral foraminal conjunctiva and to the distal margin of the labrum.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-02-19
epipharynx
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Epipharynx: semimembranous or membranous posterior wall of labrum and roof of cibarium."
The conjunctiva that encircles the procoxa and connects it to the ventral and lateral regions of the prothorax.
basal procoxal conjunctiva
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva that encircles the procoxa and connects it to the ventral and lateral regions of the prothorax.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-03-18
The cuticular region that is anterior (distal) to the neck membrane (encircled by the neck membrane) and contains the head capsule, the antenna, the eyes, mouthparts and surrounds the brain.
insect head
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-08-01
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticular region that is anterior (distal) to the neck membrane (encircled by the neck membrane) and contains the head capsule, the antenna, the eyes, mouthparts and surrounds the brain.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
insect head
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"The head is a compact and complex tagma with a concentration of a broad array of structures und functions. It is equipped with sense organs such as the highly complex compound eyes and the antennae, an elaborate set of mouthparts, and a complex muscle apparatus. It also contains central elements of the nervous system, the anterior part of the digestive tract including the cibarium (preoral cavity) and the salivarium, and also neurohaemal organs."
2021-12-08
The region of cuticle that is connected to some muscles of the fore and hind legs and is posterior to the neck membrane and aterior to the first abdominal spiracle.
The hind leg muscles sometimes attach to the second abdominal sternite. The abdominal sopiracles are different in their structure from tghe thoracic spiracles as they are opened and closed by two articulating sclerites that are moved by two sets of muscles whereas the thoracic spiracles are closed by only one occlusor muscle and opened by the flexibility of the distal tracheal region. The border between the thorax and the abdomen is sometimes marked by the anterior first abdmonial tergal conjunctiva. In Hymenoptera, the border between the abdomen and the thorax cannot be defined as the anterior first abdmonial tergal conjunctiva is absent, the sclerite that receives muscles from the metacoxa also contains the first abdominal spiracle.
insect thorax
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-08-01
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The region of cuticle that is connected to some muscles of the fore and hind legs and is posterior to the neck membrane and aterior to the first abdominal spiracle.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
The hind leg muscles sometimes attach to the second abdominal sternite. The abdominal sopiracles are different in their structure from tghe thoracic spiracles as they are opened and closed by two articulating sclerites that are moved by two sets of muscles whereas the thoracic spiracles are closed by only one occlusor muscle and opened by the flexibility of the distal tracheal region. The border between the thorax and the abdomen is sometimes marked by the anterior first abdmonial tergal conjunctiva. In Hymenoptera, the border between the abdomen and the thorax cannot be defined as the anterior first abdmonial tergal conjunctiva is absent, the sclerite that receives muscles from the metacoxa also contains the first abdominal spiracle.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
insect thorax
2021-12-08
The region of the cuticle that is posterior to the thorax.
The thorax is defined based on local properties (e.g. attachment sites of coxal muscles) and therefore we can reference this class for the definition of the abdomen.
insect abdomen
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-08-01
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The region of the cuticle that is posterior to the thorax.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
The thorax is defined based on local properties (e.g. attachment sites of coxal muscles) and therefore we can reference this class for the definition of the abdomen.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
insect abdomen
2021-12-08
The conjunctiva of the insect maxilla that connects the cardo and the stipes.
cardo-stipital conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the insect maxilla that connects the cardo and the stipes.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-02-19
The cuticle of the sclerite of the insect maxilla that is attached to the cuticle of cardo by the cardo-stipital conjunctiva, attached to the cuticle of lacinia by the stipito-lacinial conjunctiva, attached to the cuticle of palpifer by the stipito-palpiferal conjunctiva, and attached to the cuticle of galea by the stipito-galeal conjunctiva.
stipes
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the sclerite of the insect maxilla that is attached to the cuticle of cardo by the cardo-stipital conjunctiva, attached to the cuticle of lacinia by the stipito-lacinial conjunctiva, attached to the cuticle of palpifer by the stipito-palpiferal conjunctiva, and attached to the cuticle of galea by the stipito-galeal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-02-19
stipes
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Stipes: second element of maxilla, connected with cardo by a hinge; bearing endite lobes (galea and lacinia) and maxillary palp."
The conjunctiva that encircles the base of the antenna (scape) and is encircled by the head capsule as the antennal foramen.
cranio-antennal conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The conjunctiva that encircles the base of the antenna (scape) and is encircled by the head capsule as the antennal foramen.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
The cuticle of the segment of the antenna that is connected to the head capsule and the antennifer by the basal antennal conjunctiva and to the pedicellus by the scapal-pedicellar conjunctiva.
scapus
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the segment of the antenna that is connected to the head capsule and the antennifer by the basal antennal conjunctiva and to the pedicellus by the scapal-pedicellar conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-02-19
scapus
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
Scapus: basal element of antenna, with two muscles attached to the pedicellus.
2021-12-08
The conjunctiva of the antenna that connects the scapus and the pedicellus.
scapal-pedicellar conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the antenna that connects the scapus and the pedicellus.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-02-19
The cuticle of the segment of the antenna that is attached to the scapus by the scapal-pedicellar conjunctiva and to the first flagellomere by the pedicel-first flagellomere conjunctiva.
pedicellus
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the segment of the antenna that is attached to the scapus by the scapal-pedicellar conjunctiva and to the first flagellomere by the pedicel-first flagellomere conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-02-19
pedicellus
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Pedicellus: second antennal segment in Insecta; contains Johnston’s organ and lacks intrinsic muscles."
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the mere that is part of the antenna.
flagellomere
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticle of the mere that is part of the antenna.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-21
flagellomere
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the first flagellomere of the antenna, attached to the pedicel by the pedicel-first flagellomere conjunctiva.
first flagellomere
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the first flagellomere of the antenna, attached to the pedicel by the pedicel-first flagellomere conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-02-19
first flagellomere
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Flagellomere: segment of the flagellum."
2021-12-08
The conjunctiva of the antenna that connects the pedicellus and the first flagellomere.
pedicellar-first flagellomeral conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the antenna that connects the pedicellus and the first flagellomere.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-02-19
The region of the cuticle on the lateral region of the metathorax that is attached to the metanotum and the metasternum, and is attached to the metacoxa by the metacoxal muscle and the basal metacoxal conjunctiva.
metapleuron
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The region of the cuticle on the lateral region of the metathorax that is attached to the metanotum and the metasternum, and is attached to the metacoxa by the metacoxal muscle and the basal metacoxal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
The conjunctiva of the prothorax that joins the propleuron and the procoxa.
propleuro-procoxal conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the prothorax that joins the propleuron and the procoxa.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-09
The sclerite on the ventral region of the mesothorax that bears the mesofurca and is attached to the mesopleuro-mesosternal conjunctiva.
mesosternum
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The sclerite on the ventral region of the mesothorax that bears the mesofurca and is attached to the mesopleuro-mesosternal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-09
The conjunctiva of the fore leg joining the distal margin of a procoxa and the proximal margin of a protrochanter.
procoxal-protrochanteral conjunctiva
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the fore leg joining the distal margin of a procoxa and the proximal margin of a protrochanter.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-03-18
The conjunctiva of the mid leg joining the distal margin of a mesocoxa and the proximal margin of a mesotrochanter.
mesocoxal-mesotrochanteral conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the mid leg joining the distal margin of a mesocoxa and the proximal margin of a mesotrochanter.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-03-18
The conjunctiva of the hind leg joining the distal margin of a metacoxa and the proximal margin of a metatrochanter.
metacoxal-metatrochanteral conjunctiva
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the hind leg joining the distal margin of a metacoxa and the proximal margin of a metatrochanter.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-03-18
The conjunctiva that corresponds to one epithelial cell and surrounds a sclerotized unicellular cuticular evagination.
Should coincide with 'exactly one' epithelial cell, but that violates OWL specs.
socket membrane
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The conjunctiva that corresponds to one epithelial cell and surrounds a sclerotized unicellular cuticular evagination.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
Should coincide with 'exactly one' epithelial cell, but that violates OWL specs.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-26
socket membrane
2020-11-11
The cuticular evagination that corresponds to the evagination on the membrane of a single cell and not to the evagination of a cell layer.
Should coincide with 'exactly one' epithelial cell, but that violates OWL specs.
unicellular cuticular evagination
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticular evagination that corresponds to the evagination on the membrane of a single cell and not to the evagination of a cell layer.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
Should coincide with 'exactly one' epithelial cell, but that violates OWL specs.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-26
The region of cuticle that corresponds to the evagination of the single layer epithelium.
multicellular cuticular evagination
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The region of cuticle that corresponds to the evagination of the single layer epithelium.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
multicellular cuticular evagination
2020-11-11
The seta that has one opening distally.
Should coincide with 'exactly one' pore canal, but that violates OWL specs.
uniporous sensillum
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
Modified 2023-01-11: added has part cuticular seta.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The seta that has one opening distally.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
Should coincide with 'exactly one' pore canal, but that violates OWL specs.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-23
uniporous sensillum
Modified 2023-01-11: moved under cuticular sensilla; added has part cuticular seta.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The seta that has multiple cuticular pores (openings of class III exocrine glands).
multiporous sensillum
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2023-01-11
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The seta that has multiple cuticular pores (openings of class III exocrine glands).
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
multiporous sensillum
Ando, T., Sekine, S., Inagaki, S., Misaki, K., Badel, L., Moriya, H., Sami, M.M., Itakura, Y., Chihara, T., Kazama, H. and Yonemura, S., 2019. Nanopore formation in the cuticle of an insect olfactory sensillum. Current Biology, 29(9), pp.1512-1520.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982219303410#fig4
Modified 2023-01-11: moved under cuticular sensilla; added has part cuticular seta.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2020-11-11
The multiporous plate that is elongated.
placoid sensillum
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The multiporous plate that is elongated.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
placoid sensillum
2020-11-11
The multiporous sensillum that is flat.
multiporous plate
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The multiporous sensillum that is flat.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
multiporous plate
2020-11-11
The branching cuticular invagination that corresponds to the invagination of the membrane of a single cell and does not contain taenidia.
Should coincide with 'exactly one' epithelial cell, but that violates OWL specs.
cuticular exocrine gland duct
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The branching cuticular invagination that corresponds to the invagination of the membrane of a single cell and does not contain taenidia.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
Should coincide with 'exactly one' epithelial cell, but that violates OWL specs.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-26
cuticular exocrine gland duct
2021-12-10
2020-11-11
The region of the cuticle that is continuous to the proximal region of a trachea and can be closed by muscles.
insect spiracle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The region of the cuticle that is continuous to the proximal region of a trachea and can be closed by muscles.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
insect spiracle
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Spiracle: external opening of the tracheal system."
Modified 2023-01-09: specifying insect spiracle.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2023-01-09
The cuticular ivagination that is branched into umerous branches.
Branching cuticular invaginations porvide important models for branchig morphogenesis.
branching cuticular invagination
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticular ivagination that is branched into umerous branches.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
Branching cuticular invaginations porvide important models for branchig morphogenesis.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
The branching cuticular invagination that is located between the mid and hindgut.
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001054
malphigian tube
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The branching cuticular invagination that is located between the mid and hindgut.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
malphigian tube
2020-11-11
The cuticular invagination that is hollow.
The apophysis in HAO refers to an ivagination of the cuticle that is cylindrical as opposed to a ridge that is elongate. Beutel et al. 2014 differentiate apodemes from apophyses in that apodemes are solid and apophyses are hollow.
cuticular apophysis
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticular invagination that is hollow.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
The apophysis in HAO refers to an ivagination of the cuticle that is cylindrical as opposed to a ridge that is elongate. Beutel et al. 2014 differentiate apodemes from apophyses in that apodemes are solid and apophyses are hollow.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
cuticular apophysis
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Apophysis: hollow cuticular invagination."
2021-12-10
The coiled ridge in the wall of the trachea.
taenidium
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The coiled ridge in the wall of the trachea.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
taenidium
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Taenidium: spiral-shaped strengthening ridge of the tracheae."
2020-11-11
The furca of the mesothorax that is attached to the mesocoxa via muscle.
mesendosternite
mesofurca
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2023-01-20
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The furca of the mesothorax that is attached to the mesocoxa via muscle.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
mesendosternite
Lawrence JF, Beutel RG, Leschen RA, Ślipiński A (2010) Glossary of morphological terms. Handbuch der Zoologie/Handbook of Zoology. Band 4: 9–20.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110911213.9
"A pair of internal apodemes formed by invaginations within the mesocoxal cavities and representing the original furca."
The furca of the metathorax that is attached to the metacoxa via muscle.
metafurca
metendosternite
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The furca of the metathorax that is attached to the metacoxa via muscle.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
metendosternite
Lawrence JF, Beutel RG, Leschen RA, Ślipiński A (2010) Glossary of morphological terms. Handbuch der Zoologie/Handbook of Zoology. Band 4: 9–20.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110911213.9
"Complex internal apodeme equivalent to the metafurca. Arises at or near the posterior edge of the metaventrite usually at the junction of the discrimen and the metakatepisternal suture and projecting anterodorsally. It usually consists of a median stalk, two short to long lateral arms and an anterior process from which a pair of tendons arise; however a lamina may be associated with each of the lateral arms and a pair of anteroventral processes may arise from the point where the lateral arms meet the stalk. In some taxa the stalk may be short or absent and the anterior tendons often arise on the arms [Crowson 1938, 1944, 1955]."
The furca of the prothorax that is attached to the procoxa via muscle.
profurca
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The furca of the prothorax that is attached to the procoxa via muscle.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
The apophysis that is located ventromedially on the thorax and is connected to the coxa via muscles.
endosternite
furca
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The apophysis that is located ventromedially on the thorax and is connected to the coxa via muscles.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
endosternite
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Furca (=sternal apophysis, endosternite): endoskeletal element (entapophysis) of furcasternum; paired furcal arms often connected with pleural ridge by short muscle."
furca
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Furca (=sternal apophysis, endosternite): endoskeletal element (entapophysis) of furcasternum; paired furcal arms often connected with pleural ridge by short muscle."
The coxal muscle of the procoxa.
procoxal muscle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The coxal muscle of the procoxa.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
procoxal muscle
2020-11-11
The coxal muscle of the metacoxa.
metacoxal muscle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The coxal muscle of the metacoxa.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
metacoxal muscle
2020-11-11
The somatic muscle that inserts in the femur.
femoral muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The somatic muscle that inserts in the femur.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-13
2021-04-21
The somatic muscle that inserts in the tibia.
tibial muscle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The somatic muscle that inserts in the tibia.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-13
2021-04-21
The somatic muscle that inserts in the pretarsus.
There are usually two muscle bands of the pretarsal muscle, one is arising from the femur, the other from the tibia. The muscle usually inserts on a resilin rich basal sclerite of the pretarsus, the unguitractor plate.
pretarsal muscle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The somatic muscle that inserts in the pretarsus.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-12-13
2020-11-11
There are usually two muscle bands of the pretarsal muscle, one is arising from the femur, the other from the tibia. The muscle usually inserts on a resilin rich basal sclerite of the pretarsus, the unguitractor plate.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
The somatic muscle that inserts in the profemur.
profemoral muscle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The somatic muscle that inserts in the profemur.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-13
2021-04-21
The somatic muscle that inserts in the mesofemur.
mesofemoral muscle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The somatic muscle that inserts in the mesofemur.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-13
2021-04-21
The somatic muscle that inserts in the metafemur.
metafemoral muscle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The somatic muscle that inserts in the metafemur.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-13
2021-04-21
The somatic muscle that inserts in the protibia.
protibial muscle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The somatic muscle that inserts in the protibia.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-13
2021-04-21
The somatic muscle that inserts in the mesotibia.
mesotibial muscle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The somatic muscle that inserts in the mesotibia.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-13
2021-04-21
The somatic muscle that inserts in the metatibia.
metatibial muscle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The somatic muscle that inserts in the metatibia.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-13
2021-04-21
The cuticular depression that is circular.
cuticular fovea
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticular depression that is circular.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
cuticular fovea
2021-12-10
The cuticular depression that does not correspond to an epithelial fold.
The cuticular depression (concavity on the surface of the cuticle) that does not correspond to a cuticular invagination (epithelial fold). The cuticule is less thick at the site of a cuticular impression.
cuticular groove
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticular depression that does not correspond to an epithelial fold.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
The cuticular depression (concavity on the surface of the cuticle) that does not correspond to a cuticular invagination (epithelial fold). The cuticule is less thick at the site of a cuticular impression.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
cuticular groove
former 'impression'
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-12-10
The invagination on a sclerite that is elongated.
cuticular ridge
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The invagination on a sclerite that is elongated.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-11
cuticular ridge
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Ridge: cuticular strengthening ridge."
"They are not lines of fusion or molting lines."(p. 12)
2021-12-10
The conjunctiva in the head capsule that forms a pouch between the hypopharynx and the labium and bears the exocrine gland duct.
salivarium
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The conjunctiva in the head capsule that forms a pouch between the hypopharynx and the labium and bears the exocrine gland duct.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-02-19
salivarium
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Salivarium: posterior part of preoral space between hypopharynx and labium, with opening of salivary ducts."
The invagination of the cuticle that is largely membranous.
cuticular pouch
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The invagination of the cuticle that is largely membranous.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-12
cuticular pouch
2021-12-10
The ridge that is in the sagittal line of the ventral part thorax.
discrimenal lamella
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The ridge that is in the sagittal line of the ventral part thorax.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-12
The cuticular depression (concavity on cuticle surface) that corresponds with a cuticular ridge (an elongate cuticular invagination).
cuticular sulcus
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticular depression (concavity on cuticle surface) that corresponds with a cuticular ridge (an elongate cuticular invagination).
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-12-10
2020-11-12
cuticular sulcus
2021-12-10
The longitudinal (parallel to antero-posterior axis) sulcus that corresponds to the discrimenal lamella.
discrimen
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The longitudinal (parallel to antero-posterior axis) sulcus that corresponds to the discrimenal lamella.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-12
discrimen
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Discrimen: longitudinal ridge medially dividing the sternum"
The cuticle of the appendage of the insect head that is encircled by the oral foraminal conjunctiva.
mouthpart
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the appendage of the insect head that is encircled by the oral foraminal conjunctiva.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-12-10
2021-04-21
mouthpart
2021-12-10
2020-11-17
The insect articulation between the propleuron and the procoxa.
propleuro-procoxal articulation
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The insect articulation between the propleuron and the procoxa.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
The region of cuticle where two sclerites meet.
articular surface
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The region of cuticle where two sclerites meet.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
The sclerite of the salivarium.
salivary sclerite
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The sclerite of the salivarium.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
The notum or sclerite on the dorsal region of the metathorax that is posterior to the mesonotum, connected via the metanoto-metapleural conjuntiva to the dorsal margin of the metapleuron, that is not adjacent to the metacoxa, but attached to it by the metacoxal muscle.
metanotum
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jcgiron
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jcgiron
jcgiron
jcgiron
jcgiron
The notum or sclerite on the dorsal region of the metathorax that is posterior to the mesonotum, connected via the metanoto-metapleural conjuntiva to the dorsal margin of the metapleuron, that is not adjacent to the metacoxa, but attached to it by the metacoxal muscle.
jcgiron
2021-04-21
The sclerite that is continuous with the basal metacoxal conjunctiva and the basal wing conjunctiva and contains the metafurca.
metapectus
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The sclerite that is continuous with the basal metacoxal conjunctiva and the basal wing conjunctiva and contains the metafurca.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-04-21
The conjunctiva is encircled by a tarsomere that encircles another tarsomere.
intertarsomeral conjunctiva
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva is encircled by a tarsomere that encircles another tarsomere.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-03-18
The conjunctiva that encircles the coxa and connects them to the ventral and lateral thoracic regions.
These conjunctivae can be used as stable reference points in insects that poseess legs, and can be used to define sclerites on the lateral side of the thorax.
basal coxal conjunctiva
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva that encircles the coxa and connects them to the ventral and lateral thoracic regions.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-17
These conjunctivae can be used as stable reference points in insects that poseess legs, and can be used to define sclerites on the lateral side of the thorax.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-17
The insect region of integument that is part of the chitin-based cuticle.
The AISM focuses on anatomical structures that are part of the insect (chitinous) cuticle. These structures are acellular regions of the integument. Regions of the insect cuticle with different mechanical properties (i.e. increased and descresed flexinility, thickness, and elasticity) are continuous with each other (e.g. sclerites are continuous with conjunctivae or resilin rich regions are continuous with regions with less resilin content).
region of cuticle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The insect region of integument that is part of the chitin-based cuticle.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-23
The AISM focuses on anatomical structures that are part of the insect (chitinous) cuticle. These structures are acellular regions of the integument. Regions of the insect cuticle with different mechanical properties (i.e. increased and descresed flexinility, thickness, and elasticity) are continuous with each other (e.g. sclerites are continuous with conjunctivae or resilin rich regions are continuous with regions with less resilin content).
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2020-11-23
The orifice that is contained by the cuticle and connects the inside of the insect with the outside, is tubular, and whose diameter is smaller than 100 nm.
Should coincide with 'exactly one' epithelial cell, but that violates OWL specs.
pore canal
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The orifice that is contained by the cuticle and connects the inside of the insect with the outside, is tubular, and whose diameter is smaller than 100 nm.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-02-04
Should coincide with 'exactly one' epithelial cell, but that violates OWL specs.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-26
pore canal
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Pore canals: thin perforations of the cuticle."
The solid cuticular protrusion that coincides with only one epidermal cell (smaller than the diameter of the epidermal cell).
Should coincide with 'exactly one' epithelial cell, but that violates OWL specs.
acantha
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The solid cuticular protrusion that coincides with only one epidermal cell (smaller than the diameter of the epidermal cell).
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-02-04
Should coincide with 'exactly one' epithelial cell, but that violates OWL specs.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-26
acantha
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Acanthae: hairs without sockets, one per hypodermal cell."
The hairlike seta that is short and thick walled.
sensillum chaeticum
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
Modified 2023-01-11: added has part cuticular seta.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
Modified 2023-01-11: added has part cuticular seta.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The hairlike seta that is short and thick walled.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-02-08
sensillum chaeticum
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Sensillum chaeticum: shorter than sensillum trichodeum, thick-walled."
Modified 2023-01-11: moved under cuticular sensilla; added has part cuticular seta.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticular seta that is elongated and acuminate.
Hairlike seta that is long.
sensillum trichodeum
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
Modified 2023-01-11: added has part cuticular seta.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
Modified 2023-01-11: added has part cuticular seta.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticular seta that is elongated and acuminate.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2022-06-20
Hairlike seta that is long.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-02-08
sensillum trichodeum
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Sensillum trichodeum: hair-like sensilla, seta associated with sensory cell."
Modified 2023-01-11: moved under cuticular sensilla; added has part cuticular seta.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
Seta that is located in the middle of a depression with narrowed external opening.
sensillum coeloconicum
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
Modified 2023-01-11: added has part cuticular seta.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
Seta that is located in the middle of a depression with narrowed external opening.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-02-08
sensillum coeloconicum
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Sensillum coeloconicum: sensillum with modified seta in a cavity, with narrowed external opening of surrounding cuticle."
Modified 2023-01-11: moved under cuticular sensilla; added has part cuticular seta.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The solid cuticular invagination of a sclerite.
apodeme
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The solid cuticular invagination of a sclerite.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
apodeme
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Apodeme: solid cuticular invagination serving as muscle insertion area."
Klass K-D (2001) The female abdomen of the viviparous earwig Hemimerus vosseleri (Insecta: Dermaptera: Hemimeridae), with a discussion of the postgenital abdomen of Insecta. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 131: 251–307.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2001.tb02239.x
"tendon is used herein to designate sclerotized internal cuticular projections"
The seta that is conical.
sensillum basiconicum
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2023-01-11
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The seta that is conical.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
sensillum basiconicum
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Sensillum basiconicum: sensillum with rounded, conical seta."
Modified 2023-01-11: moved under cuticular sensilla; added has part cuticular seta.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticular protrusion of the head capsule thag is continuous with the antenniferal-scapal conjunctiva and adjacent to the cuticle of the scapus
The cuticular protrusion (process, protuberace) that bears the cranial articular surface of the cranio-antennal articulation.
antennifer
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticular protrusion of the head capsule thag is continuous with the antenniferal-scapal conjunctiva and adjacent to the cuticle of the scapus
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2022-06-20
The cuticular protrusion (process, protuberace) that bears the cranial articular surface of the cranio-antennal articulation.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-02-08
antennifer
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Antennifer: small cephalic process articulating with the antenna."
The solid, paired, branching cuticular invagination of the head capsule that is attached to the antenna and the mouthparts via muscles.
The paired apophysis that connects the posterior (ventral in prognathous head) and anterior (dorsal in prognathous head) walls of the head capsule and serves as site of isertion of atennal and mouthpart muscles.
tentorium
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The solid, paired, branching cuticular invagination of the head capsule that is attached to the antenna and the mouthparts via muscles.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
The paired apophysis that connects the posterior (ventral in prognathous head) and anterior (dorsal in prognathous head) walls of the head capsule and serves as site of isertion of atennal and mouthpart muscles.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-02-11
tentorium
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Tentorium: cephalic endoskeleton, usually composed of paired anterior, posterior and dorsal tentorial arms and a transverse tentorial bridge (corpotentorium)."
The insect cranial muscle that is attached to the tentorium and to the antenna.
tentorio-antennal muscle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The insect cranial muscle that is attached to the tentorium and to the antenna.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
The cuticular depression that corresponds to an apophysis.
cuticular pit
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticular depression that corresponds to an apophysis.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-02-12
cuticular pit
2021-12-10
The tentorial pit that correspods to the anterior (dorsal in prognathous head) end of the tentorium.
anterior tentorial pit
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The tentorial pit that correspods to the anterior (dorsal in prognathous head) end of the tentorium.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-02-12
anterior tentorial pit
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Anterior tentorial pit (or groove): externally visible invagination area and origin of anterior tentorial arm; adjacent with dorsolateral clypeal margin."
The tentorial pit that correspods to the posterior (ventral in prognathous head) end of the tentorium.
posterior tentorial pit
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The tentorial pit that correspods to the posterior (ventral in prognathous head) end of the tentorium.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-02-12
posterior tentorial pit
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Posterior tentorial pit (or groove): externally visible invagination of posterior part of head capsule and origin of posterior tentorial arm; adjacent with foramen occipitale or gula."
The cuticular pit that correspods to the tentorium.
tentorial pit
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticular pit that correspods to the tentorium.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-12-10
2021-02-12
The foramen encircled by a sclerite.
arthropod foramen
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The foramen encircled by a sclerite.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-02-19
The arthropod foramen of the head capsule that contains the antennifer and surrounds the scapus via the antenniferal-scapal conjunctiva.
antennal socket
torulus
antennal foramen
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The arthropod foramen of the head capsule that contains the antennifer and surrounds the scapus via the antenniferal-scapal conjunctiva.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-21
torulus
Nichols, S. W. (1989) Torre-Bueno glossary of entomology. New York Entomological Society. 840 pp.
https://ipmhouse.tamu.edu/files/2021/03/The-Torre-Bueno-Glossary-of-Entomology.pdf
"antennal socket = torulus = basal socket of antenna"
The paired sclerite of the postabdomen that is attached to the abdominal tergite IX by the abdominal tergite IX-gonocoxa IX conjunctiva and is articulated with abdominal tergite IX.
second coxopodite
second gonocoxite
second valvifer
distal gonocoxite
gonocoxa IX
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The paired sclerite of the postabdomen that is attached to the abdominal tergite IX by the abdominal tergite IX-gonocoxa IX conjunctiva and is articulated with abdominal tergite IX.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-03-19
second coxopodite
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Coxopodite (=valvifer, gonocoxa, gonocoxite): short basal piece of ovipositor elements of female genital segments VIII and IX."
second gonocoxite
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Coxopodite (=valvifer, gonocoxa, gonocoxite): short basal piece of ovipositor elements of female genital segments VIII and IX."
second valvifer
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Coxopodite (=valvifer, gonocoxa, gonocoxite): short basal piece of ovipositor elements of female genital segments VIII and IX."
distal gonocoxite
Lawrence J, Ślipiński A (2013) Adult morphology. In: Australian beetles volume 1: morphology, classification and keys. CSIRO Publishing, 30–63.
https://www.publish.csiro.au/book/6466/
[adjusted] distal subdivision of the gonocoxites.
The conjunctiva of the postabdomen that connects the abdominal tergite IX and the gonocoxa IX.
abdominal tergite IX-gonocoxa IX conjunctiva
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The conjunctiva of the postabdomen that connects the abdominal tergite IX and the gonocoxa IX.
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
2021-03-19
The protrusion on a sclerite that is elongated.
keel
cuticular carina
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
The protrusion on a sclerite that is elongated.
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
2021-05-06
cuticular carina
Nichols, S. W. (1989) Torre-Bueno glossary of entomology. New York Entomological Society. 840 pp.
https://ipmhouse.tamu.edu/files/2021/03/The-Torre-Bueno-Glossary-of-Entomology.pdf
"an elevated ridge or keel, not necessarily high or acute"
2021-12-10
Dorsal part of postabdomen
dorsal postabdomen
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
Dorsal part of postabdomen
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
2021-05-31
The cuticular fovea that is small.
cuticular puncture
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
The cuticular fovea that is small.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-10
2021-07-21
cuticular puncture
Nichols, S. W. (1989) Torre-Bueno glossary of entomology. New York Entomological Society. 840 pp.
https://ipmhouse.tamu.edu/files/2021/03/The-Torre-Bueno-Glossary-of-Entomology.pdf
"a small impression on the cuticle"
2021-12-10
The cuticular protrusion of a sclerite that is small.
cuticular granule
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
The cuticular protrusion of a sclerite that is small.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-07-21
cuticular granule
Nichols, S. W. (1989) Torre-Bueno glossary of entomology. New York Entomological Society. 840 pp.
https://ipmhouse.tamu.edu/files/2021/03/The-Torre-Bueno-Glossary-of-Entomology.pdf
"a little grain or a minute grainlike elevation".
2021-12-10
The cuticular protrusion of a sclerite that is rounded (circular).
cuticular tubercle
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
The cuticular protrusion of a sclerite that is rounded (circular).
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-07-21
cuticular tubercle
Nichols, S. W. (1989) Torre-Bueno glossary of entomology. New York Entomological Society. 840 pp.
https://ipmhouse.tamu.edu/files/2021/03/The-Torre-Bueno-Glossary-of-Entomology.pdf
"a small knoblike or rounded protuberance"
2021-12-10
The cuticular protrusion of a sclerite that is sharp.
cuticular spine
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
The cuticular protrusion of a sclerite that is sharp.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-07-21
cuticular spine
Richards AG, Richards PA (1979) The cuticular protuberances of insects. International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 8: 143–157.
"Multicellular protuberances without differentiation of specialized cells [...] evaginations, non-movable"
2021-12-10
https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7322(79)90013-8
The region of cuticle that bears an anatomical collection that is composed of granules.
granulated cuticle
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The region of cuticle that bears an anatomical collection that is composed of granules.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-10
2021-07-21
granulated cuticle
Nichols, S. W. (1989) Torre-Bueno glossary of entomology. New York Entomological Society. 840 pp.
https://ipmhouse.tamu.edu/files/2021/03/The-Torre-Bueno-Glossary-of-Entomology.pdf
"covered with or made up of very small grains or granules"
2021-12-10
The region of cuticle that bears an anatomical collection that is composed of punctures.
punctate cuticle
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The region of cuticle that bears an anatomical collection that is composed of punctures.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
20021-12-10
2021-07-21
punctate cuticle
Nichols, S. W. (1989) Torre-Bueno glossary of entomology. New York Entomological Society. 840 pp.
https://ipmhouse.tamu.edu/files/2021/03/The-Torre-Bueno-Glossary-of-Entomology.pdf
"set with fine, impressed points or punctures appearing as pin-pricks"
2021-12-10
The region of the cuticle that bears an anatomical collection that is composed of setae.
setose cuticle
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The region of the cuticle that bears an anatomical collection that is composed of setae.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-10
2021-07-21
setose cuticle
Nichols, S. W. (1989) Torre-Bueno glossary of entomology. New York Entomological Society. 840 pp.
https://ipmhouse.tamu.edu/files/2021/03/The-Torre-Bueno-Glossary-of-Entomology.pdf
"furnished or covered with setae or stiff hairs"
2021-12-10
The cuticular evagination constituted by conjunctiva that is elongated.
conjunctival keel
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
The cuticular evagination constituted by conjunctiva that is elongated.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-11-19
The cuticular evagination constituted by conjunctiva that is circular.
conjunctival tubercle
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
starasov https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2330
The cuticular evagination constituted by conjunctiva that is circular.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-11-19
The cuticular depression constituted by conjunctiva that is elongated.
conjunctival fold
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The cuticular depression constituted by conjunctiva that is elongated.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-11-19
The cranio-antennal muscle that is attached to the dorsal tentorial arm and the proximal margin of the scapus.
anterior tentorio-scapal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-antennal muscle that is attached to the dorsal tentorial arm and the proximal margin of the scapus.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
anterior tentorio-scapal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Anterior or dorsal tentorial arms"
"Insertion: Anterior (ventral) basal margin of the scape"
The cranio-antennal muscle that is attached to the dorsal or anterior tentorial arm and the proximo-dorsal margin of the scapus.
posterior tentorio-scapal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cranio-antennal muscle that is attached to the dorsal or anterior tentorial arm and the proximo-dorsal margin of the scapus.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
posterior tentorio-scapal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Anterior or dorsal tentorial arms"
"Insertion: Posterior (dorsal) basal margin of the scape"
The cranio-antennal muscle that extends between the dorsal or anterior tentorial arm and the proximo-lateral margin of the scapus.
lateral tentorio-scapal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cranio-antennal muscle that extends between the dorsal or anterior tentorial arm and the proximo-lateral margin of the scapus.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
lateral tentorio-scapal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Anterior or dorsal tentorial arms"
"Insertion: Lateral basal margin of the scape"
The cranio-antennal muscle that is attached to the dorsal or anterior tentorial arm and the proximal margin of the scapus.
medial tentorio-scapal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-antennal muscle that is attached to the dorsal or anterior tentorial arm and the proximal margin of the scapus.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
medial tentorio-scapal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Anterior or dorsal tentorial arms"
"Insertion: Mesal basal margin of the scape"
The cranio-antennal muscle that is attached to the frons and the pedicellus.
fronto-pedicellar muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-antennal muscle that is attached to the frons and the pedicellus.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
fronto-pedicellar muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Frons"
"Insertion: Lateral edge of the pedicel"
The cranio-antennal muscle that is attached to the dorsal or dorsolateral regions of the scapus and the lateral or dorsolateral regions of the pedicellus.
lateral scapo-pedicellar muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-antennal muscle that is attached to the dorsal or dorsolateral regions of the scapus and the lateral or dorsolateral regions of the pedicellus.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
lateral scapo-pedicellar muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Dorsal or dorsolateral wall of the scape"
"Insertion: Lateral or dorsolateral wall of the pedicel"
The cranio-antennal muscle that is attached to the scapus and the pedicellus.
medial scapo-pedicellar muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-antennal muscle that is attached to the scapus and the pedicellus.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
medial scapo-pedicellar muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Mesal or dorsomesal wall of the scape"
"Insertion: Mesal, anteriomesal or anterior edge of the pedicel"
The cranio-labral muscle that is attached to the frons and the labrum.
frontolabral muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-labral muscle that is attached to the frons and the labrum.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
frontolabral muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Mesally on the frons or on the antennal base"
"Insertion: Mesally on the outer basal wall of the labrum"
The cranio-labral muscle that is attached to the frontoclypeal ridge and the labrum.
epistoepipharyngeal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-labral muscle that is attached to the frontoclypeal ridge and the labrum.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
epistoepipharyngeal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Epistomal sulcus"
"Insertion: Basal labral wall"
The cranio-labral muscle that is attached to the frons and the tormae.
frontoepypharyngeal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-labral muscle that is attached to the frons and the tormae.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
frontoepypharyngeal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Mesally on the frons or on the antennal base,
usually on the same level as musculus
frontolabralis"
"Insertion: Basal labral wall or tormae"
The apodeme at either side of the proximal margin of the labrum.
torma
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The apodeme at either side of the proximal margin of the labrum.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-22
torma
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Tormae: lateral apodemes of labral base"
The cranio-labral muscle that extends betwen the sides of the labrum.
transversal labral muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cranio-labral muscle that extends betwen the sides of the labrum.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
transversal labral muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Ventral labral wall"
"Insertion: Ventral labral wall of the other side"
The cranio-mandibular muscle that is attached to the head capsule and the insect mandible.
internal cranio-mandibular muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-mandibular muscle that is attached to the head capsule and the insect mandible.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
internal cranio-mandibular muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Ventral, posterior, lateral and/or dorsal parts of
the head capsule and/or posterior and
anterior tentorial arms"
"Insertion: Tendon that inserts at the median edge of the
mandible"
The cranio-mandibular muscle that extends between the gena and the lateral margin of the insect mandible.
posteroexternal cranio-mandibular muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-mandibular muscle that extends between the gena and the lateral margin of the insect mandible.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
posteroexternal cranio-mandibular muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Gena and postgena"
"Insertion: Tendon that inserts at the lateral edge of the mandible"
The cranio-mandibular muscle that is attached to the gena and the insect mandible.
anteroexternal cranio-mandibular muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-mandibular muscle that is attached to the gena and the insect mandible.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
anteroexternal cranio-mandibular muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Gena, below the compound eye"
"Insertion: With a tendon on the mandible, posterior to the anterior articulation complex"
The hypopharyngeal sclerite on the proximal region of the hypopharynx.
fulturae
hypopharyngeal arms
hypopharyngeal bridge
oral arms
hypopharyngeal suspensorium
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2022-06-27
The hypopharyngeal sclerite on the proximal region of the hypopharynx.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2022-06-22
2021-04-22
fulturae
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
hypopharyngeal arms
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
hypopharyngeal bridge
Doyen, J.T. (1966) The skeletal anatomy of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 5, 103–150.
oral arms
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
hypopharyngeal suspensorium
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Suspensorium (=fulturae, hypopharyngeal arms, oral arms): sclerotized strengthening elements of proximal hypopharynx."
The cranio-mandibular muscle that is attached to the suspensorium and the insect mandible.
hypopharyngeomandibular muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-mandibular muscle that is attached to the suspensorium and the insect mandible.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
hypopharyngeomandibular muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Small sclerite close to the loral arm
(Thermobia), scleroticed arm that elongates
the loral arm (Neoptera)"
"Insertion: Inner side of the lateral wall of the mandible"
The cranio-mandibular muscle that is attached to the dorsal tentorial arm and the proximal margin of the insect mandible.
superolateral tentorio-mandibular muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cranio-mandibular muscle that is attached to the dorsal tentorial arm and the proximal margin of the insect mandible.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
superolateral tentorio-mandibular muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Anterior and dorsal tentorial arm"
"Insertion: Outer basal edge of the mandibular body, between processus paratentorialis and posterior articulation"
The cranio-mandibular muscle that extends between the anterior tentorial arm and the proximal-ventral margin of the insect mandible.
inferolateral tentorio-mandibular muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cranio-mandibular muscle that extends between the anterior tentorial arm and the proximal-ventral margin of the insect mandible.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
inferolateral tentorio-mandibular muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Anterior tentorial arm"
"Insertion: Ventral basal margin of the mandible"
The cranio-mandibular muscle that is attached to the anterior tentorial arm and the insect mandible.
superomedial tentorio-mandibular muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-mandibular muscle that is attached to the anterior tentorial arm and the insect mandible.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
superomedial tentorio-mandibular muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Anterior and dorsal tentorial arm below musculus
tentoriomandibularis externus dorsalis"
"Insertion: Upper inner end of the mandible, just below the
posterior mandibular condyle"
The cranio-mandibular muscle that extends between the anterior tentorial arm and the dorso-medial region of the insect mandible.
inferomedial tentorio-mandibular muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cranio-mandibular muscle that extends between the anterior tentorial arm and the dorso-medial region of the insect mandible.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
inferomedial tentorio-mandibular muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Anterior tentorial arm, below musculus tentoriomandibularis lateralis superior"
"Insertion: Mediodorsal wall of the mandibular cavity"
The somatic muscle that is attached to the head capsule and the insect maxilla.
insect cranio-maxillar muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-12-13
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The somatic muscle that is attached to the head capsule and the insect maxilla.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-12-13
2021-04-04
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the gena and the cardo.
cranio-cardinal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the gena and the cardo.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
cranio-cardinal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Postgena and gena"
"Insertion: Basal cardinal process"
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the gena and the lacinia.
cranio-lacinial muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the gena and the lacinia.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
cranio-lacinial muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Posterior part of the gena"
"Insertion: Basal edge of lacinia"
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the tentorium and the cardo.
tentorio-cardinal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the tentorium and the cardo.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
tentorio-cardinal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Tentorium"
"Insertion: Distal part of the cardo, close to the carostipital
sulcus"
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the tentorium and the stipital ridge.
anterior tentorio-stipital muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the tentorium and the stipital ridge.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
anterior tentorio-stipital muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Tentorium"
"Insertion: Stipital ridge"
The ridge that is part of the stipes.
stipital ridge
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The ridge that is part of the stipes.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-22
stipital ridge
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the tentorium and the stipes.
posterior tentorio-stipital muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the tentorium and the stipes.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
posterior tentorio-stipital muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Tentorium"
"Insertion: Basally on the stipes, close to the stipitocardinal
suture"
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the stipes and the lacinia.
stipito-lacinial muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the stipes and the lacinia.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
stipito-lacinial muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Lateral wall of the stipes, basal to the maxillary
palpus"
"Insertion: Basal edge of lacinia, in some cases common
tendon with 0mx4"
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the stipes and the galea.
stipito-galeal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the stipes and the galea.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
stipito-galeal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Lateral wall of the stipes, basal to the maxillary
palpus"
"Insertion: Basal edge of galea"
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the stipes and the maxillary palpus.
stipito-palpal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the stipes and the maxillary palpus.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
stipito-palpal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
The cuticle of the mere that is part of the maxillary palpus.
maxillary palpomere
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the mere that is part of the maxillary palpus.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-21
maxillary palpomere
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the maxillary palpomere that is attached to the distal margin of the palpiger and to the proximal margin of the maxillary palpomere II.
maxillary palpomere I
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cuticle of the maxillary palpomere that is attached to the distal margin of the palpiger and to the proximal margin of the maxillary palpomere II.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-21
maxillary palpomere I
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the maxillary palpomere that is attached to the distal margin of the maxillary palpomere I and to the proximal margin of the maxillary palpomere III.
maxillary palpomere II
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the maxillary palpomere that is attached to the distal margin of the maxillary palpomere I and to the proximal margin of the maxillary palpomere III.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-21
maxillary palpomere II
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the maxillary palpomere that is attached to the distal margin of the maxillary palpomere II and to the proximal margin of the maxillary palpomere IV.
maxillary palpomere III
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the maxillary palpomere that is attached to the distal margin of the maxillary palpomere II and to the proximal margin of the maxillary palpomere IV.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-21
maxillary palpomere III
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the maxillary palpomere that is attached to the distal margin of the maxillary palpomere III and to the proximal margin of the maxillary palpomere V.
maxillary palpomere IV
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The cuticle of the maxillary palpomere that is attached to the distal margin of the maxillary palpomere III and to the proximal margin of the maxillary palpomere V.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-21
maxillary palpomere IV
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
2021-12-08
The cuticle of the maxillary palpomere that is attached to the distal margin of the maxillary palpomere IV.
maxillary palpomere V
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cuticle of the maxillary palpomere that is attached to the distal margin of the maxillary palpomere IV.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-08
2021-04-21
maxillary palpomere V
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
2021-12-08
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the first maxillar palpomere and the second maxillar palpomere.
first maxillar palpopalpal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the first maxillar palpomere and the second maxillar palpomere.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
first maxillar palpopalpal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Basal edge of palpomere 1"
"Insertion: Basal edge of palpomere 2"
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the second maxillar palpomere and the third maxillar palpomere.
second maxillar palpopalpal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the second maxillar palpomere and the third maxillar palpomere.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
second maxillar palpopalpal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Mesal edge of palpomere 2"
"Insertion: Mesal edge of palpomere 3"
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the third maxillar palpomere and the fourth maxillar palpomere.
third maxillar palpopalpal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the third maxillar palpomere and the fourth maxillar palpomere.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
third maxillar palpopalpal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Basal edge of palpomere 3"
"Insertion: Basal edge of palpomere 4"
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the fourth maxillar palpomere and the fifth maxillar palpomere.
fourth maxillar palpopalpal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The insect cranio-maxillar muscle that is attached to the fourth maxillar palpomere and the fifth maxillar palpomere.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
fourth maxillar palpopalpal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Mesal edge of palpomere 4"
"Insertion: Mesal edge of palpomere 5"
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the postoccipital phragma and the glossa.
postoccipitoglossal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the postoccipital phragma and the glossa.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
postoccipitoglossal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Postoccipital phragma"
"Insertion: glossa"
The internal apodeme that is continuous with the cuticle of the notum and is attached to a dorsal longitudinal muscle.
phragma
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The internal apodeme that is continuous with the cuticle of the notum and is attached to a dorsal longitudinal muscle.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
phragma
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Yang X-K, Ge S-Q (2014) Insect Morphology and Phylogeny Insect morphology and phylogeny: a textbook for students of entomology. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110264043
"Phragma: large, ridge-shaped internal apodeme."
"Phragma (=antecosta): dorsal thoracic transverse ridge, attachment site of dorsal longitudinal indirect flight muscles." (p. 121)
The phragma that is continuous with the postocciput.
postoccipital phragma
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The phragma that is continuous with the postocciput.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-09
postoccipital phragma
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the postoccipital phragma and the prementum.
postoccipitopremental muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the postoccipital phragma and the prementum.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
postoccipitopremental muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Postoccipital phragma, laterad to musculus
postoccipitoparaglossalis"
"Insertion: Posteriolateral angle of the prementum"
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the posterior tentorial arm and the prementum.
tentorio-premental muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the posterior tentorial arm and the prementum.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
tentorio-premental muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Posterior tentorial arms, cranium"
"Insertion: Laterobasal edge of prementum"
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the posterior tentorial arm and the paraglossa.
tentorio-paraglossal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the posterior tentorial arm and the paraglossa.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
tentorio-paraglossal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Posterior tentorial arms, postoccipital ridge or
cranium"
"Insertion: Paraglossa, close to the labial palp"
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the submentum and the prementum.
submentopremental muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the submentum and the prementum.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
submentopremental muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Mediobasal part of submentum or gula"
"Insertion: Mediobasal edge of prementum, close to the gales"
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the submentum and the mentum.
submentomental muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the submentum and the mentum.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
submentomental muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: submentum"
"Insertion: mentum"
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the prementum and the paraglossa.
premento-paraglossal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the prementum and the paraglossa.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
premento-paraglossal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Mesal on the basal edge of the prementum"
"Insertion: Dorsobasal edge of paraglossa"
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the prementum and the glossa.
premento-glossal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the prementum and the glossa.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
premento-glossal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Mesally on the prementum"
"Insertion: Mediobasal edge of glossa"
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the prementum and the labial palpus.
premento-palpal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-labial muscle that is attached to the prementum and the labial palpus.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
premento-palpal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: prementum"
"Insertion: labial palpus"
The somatic muscle that is attached to the head capsule and the hypopharynx.
cranio-hypopharyngeal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The somatic muscle that is attached to the head capsule and the hypopharynx.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-12-13
2021-04-04
The cranio-hypopharyngeal muscle that is attached to the frons and the suspensorium.
fronto-oral muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-hypopharyngeal muscle that is attached to the frons and the suspensorium.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
fronto-oral muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Frons"
"Insertion: Oral arms of the suspensorial sclerites"
The cranio-hypopharyngeal muscle that is attached to the anterior tentorial arm and the suspensorium.
tentorio-oral muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The cranio-hypopharyngeal muscle that is attached to the anterior tentorial arm and the suspensorium.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
tentorio-oral muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Anterior tentorial arm, epistomal sulcus or
frons close to epistomal sulcus"
"Insertion: Oral arms of the suspensorial sclerites, well
seperated from above"
The somatic muscle that is attached to the head capsule and the tentorium.
insect cranio-tentorial muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-12-13
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The somatic muscle that is attached to the head capsule and the tentorium.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-12-13
2021-04-04
The insect cranio-antennal muscle that is attached to the tentorial bridge and the frons.
tentorio-frontal muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The insect cranio-antennal muscle that is attached to the tentorial bridge and the frons.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
tentorio-frontal muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Laterad on the anterior corpotentorium"
"Insertion: Frons"
The insect cranio-antennal muscle that is attached to the tentorial bridge and the tentorium.
tentorio-tentorial muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
The insect cranio-antennal muscle that is attached to the tentorial bridge and the tentorium.
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
2021-04-03
tentorio-tentorial muscle
Wipfler B, Machida R, Mueller B, Beutel RG (2011). On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematic Entomology, 36(2), 241-266.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00556.x
"Origin: Ventrolaterad on the anterior corpotentorium"
"Insertion: Mesad on the posterior tentorium"
The somatic muscle that is part of the insect leg.
insect leg muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The somatic muscle that is part of the insect leg.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-13
2021-04-21
The somatic muscle that is part of the insect thorax.
insect thoracic muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The somatic muscle that is part of the insect thorax.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-12-13
2021-04-21
The insect thoracic muscle that is not fan-shaped and runs along the dorsal region, parallel to the anterior-posterior axis.
dorsal longitudinal thoracic muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075
The insect thoracic muscle that is not fan-shaped and runs along the dorsal region, parallel to the anterior-posterior axis.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-09
dorsal longitudinal thoracic muscle
Friedrich, F., & Beutel, R. G. (2008). The thorax of Zorotypus (Hexapoda, Zoraptera) and a new nomenclature for the musculature of Neoptera.
Arthropod Structure & Development, 37(1), 29-54.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2007.04.003
The insect thoracic muscle that runs parallel to the dorsal-ventral axis.
dorso-ventral thoracic muscle
lagonzalezmo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-9932
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
The insect thoracic muscle that runs parallel to the dorsal-ventral axis.
jgiron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883
2021-04-22
dorso-ventral thoracic muscle
Friedrich, F., & Beutel, R. G. (2008). The thorax of Zorotypus (Hexapoda, Zoraptera) and a new nomenclature for the musculature of Neoptera.
Arthropod Structure & Development, 37(1), 29-54.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2007.04.003
The insect thoracic muscle that extends between the notum (or tergum) and the pleura.
tergo-pleural muscle
imiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-9075