Supply Chain Ontology
The IOF Supply Chain Ontology aims to represent the generic constructs (including classes and properties) related to the domain of supply chain and logistics. The Supply Chain Ontology uses BFO as the top-level ontology and IOF Core as the mid-level ontology. The purpose of the ontology is to serve as a foundation for ensuring consistency and interoperability across various supply chain and logistics ontologies that use IOF reference ontologies.
Ali Hasanzadeh, Arizona State University
Arkopaul Sarkar, National Institute of Standards and Technology
Boonserm Kulvatanyou, NIST
Evan Wallace, NIST
Jim Logan, Ontogenesis
Milos Drobnjakovic, NIST
IOF Supply Chain Working Group
Industrial Ontology Foundry (IOF) Supply Chain Ontology
The https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/202603/supplychain/SupplyChain/ version of this ontology was modified to deprecate four constructs, namely, Gain of Role, Loss of Role, Group of Persons, and Artifact Function. These constructs are moved to the IOF Core ontology (https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/202401/core/Core/). The deprecated constructs are linked to the IOF Core equivalent constructs using owl:equivalentClass.
Copyright (c) 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026 Open Applications Group
Advance Shipment Notice
an electronic message sent by a supplier to a buyer before delivery, indicating that a shipment has been prepared and providing details such as shipment identifier, carrier, tracking number, shipped items, quantities, and expected arrival date.
GS1's "ASN message implementation guideline" document
A notification sent by the shipper to the purchasing organization prior to the shipment leaving the facility, which provides the receiver sufficient time to prepare for delivery of the shipment. The ASN is often sent via electronic data interchange (EDI) and includes all relevant shipment details such as item descriptions, quantities, and tracking information [ACSM]
ASN may also describe the details about the carrier as well
The OWL equivalency axiom approximates the FOL definition but does not enforce identity between the shipment the ASN is about and the shipment participating in the arrival process.
AdvanceShipmentNotice(x) ↔ InformationContentEntity(x) ∧ ∃y∃z∃w∃p∃a (Shipment(y) ∧ isAbout(x,y) ∧ ((Buyer(z) ∨ Consignor(z)) ∧ isAbout(x,z)) ∧ ((Supplier(w) ∨ Consignee(w)) ∧ isAbout(x,w)) ∧ ShipmentPreparationProcess(p) ∧ ArrivalProcess(a) ∧ isOutputOf(x,p) ∧ precedes(p,a) ∧ participatesInAtSomeTime(y,a))
information content entity about a shipment, sent by a supplier or consignor to a buyer or consignee, before the shipment’s arrival
every instance of 'advance shipment notice' is an instance of some 'information content entity' that 'is about' a 'shipment', 'is about' a 'buyer' or 'consignor', 'is about' a 'supplier' or 'consignee', and 'is output of' a 'shipment preparation process' that 'precedes' some 'arrival process' that the 'shipment' 'participates in at some time'
airway
Airway #B9 (Blue 9) that connects the Southern Florida mainland to Marathon Key
a series of abstract GPS points that create designated routes which aeroplanes fly to aid in navigation and help with separation to avoid accidents An airway is based on a centerline that extends from one navigation aid or intersection to another navigation aid (or through several navigation aids or intersections); used to establish a known route for en route procedures between terminal areas [Federal Aviation Administration - FAA] a control area or portion thereof established in the form of a corridor equipped with radio navigation aids [EUROCONTROL EATM Glossary of Terms] Airways are defined with segments within a specific altitude block, corridor width, and between fixed geographic coordinates for satellites navigation system, or between ground-based radio transmitter navigational aids (navaids; such as VORs or NDBs) or the intersection of specific radials of two navaids (Wikipedia)
Airway(x) → ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion (x)
three-dimensional spatial region that connects one specified location (navigation point) to another at a specified altitude, along which an aircraft may be flown
The required constructs for creation of a formal definition are not available in this release.
if x is an 'airway' then x is a 'three-dimensional spatial region'
appraisal process
a food critic rating the quality of a restaurant's ambiance, service, and food;a mechanic assessing whether a damaged vehicle is repairable; an insurance agent appraising the financial value of a building
AppraisalProcess(x) → MeasurementProcess(x)
measurement process that involves evaluating, assessing, estimating, or judging the nature, value, importance, condition, or quality of some entity
if x is an 'appraisal process' then x is a 'measurement process'
arrival process
the process during which a truck enters the facility of the receiver
ArrivalProcess(x) → MaterialLocationChangeProcess(x) ∧ ∃y(TravelProcess(y) ∨ TransportProcess(y)) ∧ occurrentPartOf(x,y) ∧ ∃z∃z1∃t(TemporalRegion(z) ∧ TemporalRegion(z1) ∧ TemporalInstant(t)) ∧ occupiesTemporalRegion(x,z) ∧ occupiesTemporalRegion(y,z1) ∧ lastInstantOf(t,z1) ∧ occupiesTemporalRegion(x,t)
material location change process that consists of the participating entity reaching its destination such that the travel or transport process which it is a part of is completed
To provide the necessary and sufficient conditions, the relationships representing Allen's Interval Algebra elements are needed.
if x is an 'arrival process' then x is a 'material location change process' that is 'occurent part of' some 'transport process' or 'travel process' y and that 'occupies temporal region' some 'temporal region' z which has 'last instant of' the temporal region of y as occurent part
bill of lading
Bill of Lading related to transportation of 2200 gallons of antifreeze from a shipper's location to a receiver/consignee's location by a carrier.
A legal document between a shipper and a carrier that details the type, quantity, and destination of the goods being transported [APICS]. A transportation document that is the contract of carriage containing the terms and conditions between the shipper and carrier [CSCMP]. It serves as a receipt of goods, a contract of carriage, and, in some cases, a document of title.
LA1: BillOfLading (x) → CommercialServiceAgreement (x) ∧ ∀y∀z(ConsignorRole(y) ∧ CarrierRole(z) ∧ prescribes(x,y) ∧ prescribes(x,z))
LA2: CommercialServiceAgreement (x) ∧ ∃c∃y∃z(ConsigningProcess(c) ∧ ConsignorRole(y) ∧ CarrierRole(z) ∧ isAbout(x,c) ∧ prescribes(x,y) ∧ prescribes(x,z)) → BillofLading(x)
agreement between a shipper and a carrier that prescribes some consigning process
See the general discussion and rationale provided for informational entities under 'information content entity'.
LA1: if x is a 'bill of lading', then x is a 'commercial service agreement' that 'prescribes' only 'consignor role' and only 'transportation service provider role'
LA2: If x is a 'commercial service agreement' that 'is about' some 'consigning process' and it 'prescribes' some 'consignor role' and some 'carrier role' then x is a 'bill of lading'
cargo
All articles, goods, materials, merchandise, or wares carried onboard an aircraft, ship, train, or truck, and for which an air waybill, or bill of lading, or other receipt is issued by the carrier
1- A product shipped in an aircraft, railroad car, ship, barge, or truck [APICS]. 2- Subject of a shipment. The materials being carried [CSCMP].
Cargo(x) ↔ MaterialEntity(x) ∧ ∃r(CargoRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
material entity that is transported using a transport equipment by a carrier
every instance of 'cargo' is defined as exactly an instance of 'material entity' that 'has role' some 'cargo role'
cargo role
role of pallets of aluminum ingots when they are being transported on a train
CargoRole(x) → Role(x) ∧ ∃m∃p∃c(MaterialEntity(m) ∧ TransportProcess(p) ∧ Carrier(c) ∧ participatesInAtSomeTime(m,p) ∧ agentIn(c,p) ∧ roleOf (x,m))
role held by a material entity when it is being transported or is planned to be transported by a carrier
The required constructs for providing necessary and sufficient conditions are not available in this release.
if x is a 'cargo role' then x is a 'role' that is a 'role of' some 'material entity' that 'participates in at some time' some 'transport process' that 'has agent' some 'carrier'
carrier
A company that provides air, sea, or land transportation services [APICS]. The party that provides freight transportation services or a physical or electronic mechanism that carries business information [GS1]. A firm which transports goods or people via land, sea or air [CSCMP].
See the expanded definition under the corresponding role class. The term is formalized here as a defined class by referring to its corresponding role class and exists primarily for ontological modeling and implementation convenience.
Carrier(x) ↔ (BusinessOrganization(x) ∨ Person(x)) ∧ ∃r(TransportationServiceProviderRole (r) ∧ hasRole (x,r))
person or business organization who provides transportation services
every instance of 'carrier' is defined as exactly an instance of 'person' or 'business organization' that 'has role' some 'transportation service provider role'
change
the process of change in the color of an object, the process of gaining a new student role when a person enrolls for the first time in university courses
process in which some independent continuant endures and 1) one or more of the dependent entities it bears increase or decrease in intensity, 2) the entity begins to bear some dependent entity or 3) the entity ceases to bear some dependent entity
The intention is to keep this term as a primitive.
if x is a 'change' then x is a 'process'
consignee
A Walmart warehouse is a consignee when it receives a shipment
The organisation (party) which has the intention to receive the goods [GS1]. The party by whom the goods, cargo or containers are meant to be received. The actual physical receipt can take place by another party [GS1]. The party to whom goods are shipped and delivered [CSCMP].
The ultimate owner of the product is the consignee, so it is important to keep in mind that shipments destined for a 3rd party logistics company would not list the 3PL as the consignee.
Consignee (x) ↔ (BusinessOrganization(x) ∨ Person(x)) ∧ ∃r(ConsigneeRole (r) ∧ hasRole (x,r))
person or business organization that receives some shipment
every instance of 'consignee' is defined as exactly an instance of a 'person' or 'business organization' that 'has role' some 'consignee role'
consignee role
Discount Tire has a consignee role when it receives a shipment of 200 tires from Pirelli
ConsigneeRole(x) → Role(x) ∧ ∃y∃p((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ ReceivingProcess(p) ∧ participatesInAtSomeTime(y,p) ∧ roleOf(x,y))
role held by a person or business organization when it receives a shipment from a carrier and owns the shipment after the receipt
if x is a 'consignee role' then x is an 'agent role' that is the 'role of' a 'business organization' or 'person' when it 'participates in at some time' some 'receiving process' that 'has participant at some time' some 'carrier'
consigning process
a mobile retailer signing a contract with Apple and Samsung to receive sample mobile devices to be used for display purposes only while they are still owned by Apple and Samsung
The act of placing goods in the possession of another, but retaining ownership until the goods are sold [CSCMP]
ConsigningProcess(x) → BusinessProcess(x)
business process that results in placing a material entity in the possession of some agent without changing the ownership until the material entity is sold
The required constructs for creation of a formal definition are not available in this release. In particular, possession and ownership are not fully formalized in IOF ontologies yet.
if x is a 'consigning process' then x is a 'business process'
consignor role
Pirelli has a consignor role when it prepares and initiates a shipment of 200 tires to a branch of Discount Tire in Ann Arbor, MI
LA1:ConsignorRole(x) → Role(x) ∧ ∃y∃p∃s((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ ShipmentPreparationProcess(p) ∧ Shipment(s) ∧ agentIn(y,p) ∧ isSpecifiedOutputOf(s,p) ∧ owns(y,s) ∧ roleOf(x,y))
LA2:ConsignorRole(x) → Role(x) ∧ ∃y∃p((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ ShipmentPreparationProcess(p) ∧ agentIn(y,p) ∧ roleOf(x,y))
role held by a business organization or person when it prepares, initiates, and consigns a shipment it owns
LA1:if x is a 'consignor role' then x is an 'agent role' that is the 'role of' a 'business organization' or 'person' when it is 'agent in' some 'shipment preparation process' p that 'has specified output' some 'shipment' s and y 'owns' s.
LA2:if x is a Consignor Role then x is an Agent Role that is the 'role of' a Business Organization or Person y when it is 'agent in' some Shipment Preparation Process p
container identifier
A QR code printed on a plastic drum used to store and transport a buffer solution; A barcode on a stainless steel transport vessel used to transfer cell culture harvest material from a fed-batch bioreactor to the primary capture chromatography system
A product catalog number that refers to a type of plastic container sold by a manufacturer; A batch number assigned to a lot of buffer solution held in a stainless steel tank. Although the identifier is associated with the material inside the container, it does not identify the container itself and is therefore not a container identifier
ContainerIdentifier(x) ↔ Identifier(x) ∧ ∃y(Container(y) ∧ designates(x, y))
identifier that identifies a container
every instance of 'container identifier' is defined as exactly an instance of 'identifier' that 'designates' some 'container'
departure process
the process during which a truck (loaded with a shipment) leaves the warehouse site of the shipper
DepartureProcess(x) → MaterialLocationChangeProcess(x) ∧ ∃y(TravelProcess(y) ∨ TransportProcess(y)) ∧ occurrentPartOf(x,y) ∧ ∃z∃z1∃t(TemporalRegion(z) ∧ TemporalRegion(z1) ∧ TempotalInstance(t)) ∧ occupiesTemporalRegion(x,z) ∧ occupiesTemporalRegion(y,z1) ∧ firstInstanceOf(t,z1) ∧ occupiesTemporalRegion(x,t)
material location change process that consists of the participating entity leaving its starting location such that the travel or transport process it is a part of is initiated
if x is a 'departure process' then x is a 'location change process' that is 'occurent part of' some 'transport process' or 'travel process' y and that 'occupies temporal region' some 'temporal region' which has 'first instant of' the temporal region of y as 'occurent part'
distribution center
Costco Distribution Center in Salt Lake City, UT
The warehouse facility which holds inventory from manufacturing pending distribution to the appropriate stores [CSCMP]
DistributionCenter(x) → StorageFacility(x)
storage facility designed to store manufactured products that are to be distributed to resellers and wholesalers
The required constructs for providing necessary and sufficient conditions are not available in this release. In particular, the notions related to 'distribution' function and process are missing.
if x is a 'distribution center' then x is a 'storage facility'
distributor
Grainger is a distributor when it buys HVAC units and parts from manufacturers and sells them to wholesalers
1- A business and industry which acts as a third party local representative and distribution point for a manufacturing firm. These firms may perform some light assembly or kitting of goods, but generally provides a buffer for finished goods [CSCMP]. 2- Distributors typically purchase the goods in quantity from the manufacturer and ship to customers in smaller quantities [CSCMP]. 3- A business that does not manufacture its own products, but purchases and resells these products. Such a business usually maintains a finished goods inventory [APICS].
Distributor(x) ↔ (BusinessOrganization(x) ∨ Person(x)) ∧ ∃r(DistributorRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
person or business organization when it purchases products from manufacturers and resells them to wholesalers
every instance of 'distributor' is defined as exactly an instance of a 'person' or 'business organization' that 'has role' some 'distributor role'
distributor role
Grainger has a distributor role when it sells HVAC units and parts to wholesalers
LA1:DistributorRole(x) → AgentRole(x) ∧ ∃y∃p∃r∃m((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ roleOf(x,y) ∧ OfferingForSaleBusinessProcess(p) ∧ MaterialProductRole(r) ∧ MaterialEntity(m) ∧ agentIn(y,p) ∧ realizes(p,r) ∧ roleOf(r,m))
LA2:DistributorRole(x) → AgentRole(x) ∧ ∃y∃p∃r∃r1∃r2∃m∃d((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ roleOf(x,y) ∧ BuyerRole(r) ∧ hasRole(y,r) ∧ BuyingBusinessProcess(p) ∧ hasRealization(r,p) ∧ MaterialProductRole(r1) ∧ SupplierRole(r2) ∧ MaterialEntity(m) ∧ Manufacturer(d) ∧ realizes(p,r1) ∧ roleOf(r1,m) ∧ realizes(p,r2) ∧ roleOf(r2,d))
LA3:DistributorRole(x) → AgentRole(x) ∧ ∃y∃p∃r1∃r2∃m∃e((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ roleOf(x,y) ∧ SupplyingBusinessProcess(p) ∧ agentIn(y,p) ∧ Wholesaler(w) ∧ BuyerRole(r1) ∧ roleOf(r1,w) ∧ MaterialEntity(m) ∧ MaterialProductRole(r2) ∧ roleOf(r2,m) ∧ realizes(p,r1) ∧ realizes(p,r2))
role held by a person or business organization when it buys some material products from a manufacturer and resells them to a wholesaler
LA1:if x is a 'distributor role' then x is an 'agent role' that is 'role of' some 'business organization' or 'person' who is 'agent in' some 'offering for sale business process' that 'realizes' some 'material product role' that is 'role of' some 'material entity'
LA2:if x is a 'distributor role' then x is an 'agent role' that is 'role of' some 'business organization' or 'person' y who 'has role' some 'buyer role' that 'has realization' some 'buying business process' p that 'realizes' some 'material product role' that is 'role of' some 'material entity' and p 'realizes' some 'supplier role' that is 'role of' some 'manufacturer'
LA3:if x is a 'distributor role' then x is an 'agent role' that is 'role of' some 'business organization' y or 'person' y who is 'agent in' some 'supplying business process p and p 'realizes' some 'material product role' that is role of' some 'material entity' and p 'realizes' some 'buyer role' that is 'role of' some 'wholesaler'
facility
an oil refinery, a manufacturing plant, an airport
this definition applies to stationary facilities that have a fixed geospatial location on the ground (not mobile facilities)
Facility(x) → EngineeredSystem(x) ∧ ∃s(Site(s) ∧ locatedInAtAllTimes(x,s))
engineered system that consists of buildings, structures, roads, machines, and equipment designed to provide certain capabilities
The required constructs for providing necessary and sufficient conditions are not available in this release. Namely, the components of a facility such as 'building' and 'road' are not formally defined yet.
if x is a 'facility' then x is an 'engineered system' that 'is located in at all times' some 'site'
factory
aircraft manufacturing factory (factory that is designed for manufacturing aircraft), motor vehicle manufacturing factory (factory that is designed for manufacturing motor vehicles), Ford's plant in Dearborn, MI
Factory(x) → Facility(x) ∧ ∃c(ProductionCapability(c) ∧ hasCapability(x,c))
facility that is designed for manufacturing products and includes one or more production systems
The essential member parts of a factory (such as production systems or manufacturing cells) are not defined in IOF ontologies yet.
if x is a 'factory' then x is a 'facility' that 'has capability' some 'production capability'
freight container
an intermodal container, a shipping container, cargo container, multimodal container, or a freight container
According to ISO 668:1995(E): “a shipping container means an article of transport equipment which is: (a) of a permanent character and accordingly strong enough to be suitable for repeated use; (b) specially designed to facilitate the carriage of goods, by one or more mode of transport, without intermediate reloading; (c) fitted with devices permitting its ready handling, particularly its transfer from one mode of transport to another; (d) so designed as to be easy to fill and empty; (e) stackable; and, (f) having an internal volume of 1 cubic metre or more
A container that is designed to enclose, protect, and enable the transport of one or more material entities across multiple modes of transportation
The required constructs for creation of a formal definition are not available in this release. In particular, the semantics of 'containing' is not precisely defined yet.
if x is a 'freight container' then x is a 'container'
freight forwarder
International Equipment Relocations, TMF Logistics, Landstar, ICAT Logistics Inc.
1-The party that arranges the carriage of goods including connected services and/or associated formalities on behalf of the shipper (consignor) or consignee [GS1]. 2- A person or firm that arranges to pick up or deliver goods on instructions of a shipper or a consignee from or to a point by various necessary conveyances and common carriers [Random House Dictionary]. 3- Freight forwarder is “middle man” between the carrier and the organization shipping the product. Often combines smaller shipments to take advantage of lower bulk costs [APICS].
FreightForwarder (x) ↔ (BusinessOrganization(x) ∨ Person(x)) ∧ ∃r(FreightForwarder(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
person or business organization when it arranges the transportation of shipments on behalf of the shipper (consignor) or consignee
every instance of 'freight forwarder' is defined as exactly an instance of 'business organization' or 'person' that 'has role' some 'freight forwarder role'
freight forwarder role
the role of Wagner Forwarders LLC when it picks up shipments from a shipper's warehouse, carries out customs clearance, transports the goods from the destination, and delivers them to the clients
A freight forwarder, or forwarding agent, is a person or company that organizes shipments for individuals or corporations to get goods from the manufacturer or producer to a market, customer or final point of distribution.
FreightForwarderRole(x) ↔ LogisticsServiceProviderRole(x) ∧ ∃y∃p∃c((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ FreightForwardingService(p) ∧ (Consignor(c) ∨ Consignee(c)) ∧ agentIn(y,p) ∧ actsOnBehalfOfAtSomeTime(x,c) ∧ roleOf(x,y))
logistics service provider role held by an agent when it arranges the transportation of shipments on behalf of the shipper (consignor) or consignee
if x is a 'freight forwarder role' then x is a 'logistics service provider role' that is the 'role of' a 'business organization' or 'person' when it is 'agent in' some 'freight forwarding service' and 'acts on behalf of at some time' some 'consignor' or 'consignee'
freight forwarding business function
the function of Wagner Forwarders LLC to pick up shipments from a shipper's warehouse, carries out customs clearance, transports the goods from the destination, and delivers them to the clients
business function that is realized in the process of planning and coordinating the transportation of material products on behalf of a shipper
FreightForwardingBusinessFunction(x) ↔ BusinessFunction(x) ∧ ∃s(FreightForwardingService (s) ∧ hasRealization(x,s))
business function that is realized in a freight forwarding service
every instance of 'freight forwarding business function' is defined as exactly an instance of 'business function' that is 'realized in' some 'freight forwarding service'
freight forwarding process
Vermont Tech manufactures electric spare parts in Vermont and exports them to Canada and Mexico. Vermont Tech hired Wagner Forwarders LLC that picks up shipments from Vermont Tech's warehouse, carries out customs clearance, transports the goods from the destination, and delivers them to the clients in Mexico and Canada.
Freight forwarding is the process of organizing shipments for individuals or corporations to get goods from a manufacturer to a market, customer or final point of distribution.
FreightForwardingProcess(x) → BusinessProcess(x) ∧ ∃f∃s(FreightForwarder(f) ∧ Shipment(s) ∧ hasParticipantAtSomeTime(x,f) ∧ hasParticipantAtSomeTime(x,s))
business process of planning and coordinating the transportation of material products on behalf of a shipper
if x is a 'freight forwarding process' then x is a 'business process' and 'has participant at some time' some 'freight forwarder' and some 'shipment'
freight forwarding service
the service provided by Wagner Forwarders LLC when it picks up shipments from a shipper's warehouse, carries out customs clearance, transports the goods from the destination, and delivers them to the clients
Freight forwarding is the act of arranging commercial transportation for the cargo/shipment of other firms.
FreightForwardingService(x) ↔ LogisticsService(x) ∧ ∃p(FreightForwardingProcess(p) ∧ hasOccurentPart(x,p))
logistics service that consists of at least one freight forwarding process
every instance of 'freight forwarding service' is defined as exactly an instance of 'logistics service' that 'has occurrent part' some 'freight forwarding process'
geospatial location
the location of Toyota's plant in San Antonio, the location of a shipping dock in warehouse facility, the site of a mixing process, the current location of a moving truck, the site of a truck loading process
GeospatialSite(x) ↔ GeospatialSite(x) ∧ ∃r(LocationRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
geospatial site that is the location of some material entity at some time or the site of some process
every istance of 'geospatial location' is defined as exactly an instance of 'geospatial site' that 'has role' some 'location role'
geospatial site
the site of a farm, the site of an airport, the site of a factory
site at or near the surface of the earth
This term is intended to remain as primitive. The required constructs for creation of a formal definition are not available in this release.
if x is a 'geospatial site' then x is a 'site'
global location number
Company XYZ Branch 1 GLN:9012345000004, Company XYZ Branch 2 GLN:9012345100001, GLN 5012345000046 = "AWS Region us-west-2 IoT Hub for Facility B", GLN: 5012345000114 -> Warehouse A – Loading Dock 2
A Global Location Number (GLN) is the GS1 Identification Key used for uniquely identifying parties (legal entities) and physical locations that are involved in business transactions in supply chains. Physical locations may be addresses, single buildings, storage sites, single loading platform, etc. GLN is a 13-digit number that comprises a GS1 Company Prefix, Location Reference and Check Digit. The Global Location Number (GLN) is part of the GS1 systems of standards.
GLN can be used for identifying physical locations and digital locations. A digital location is an electronic (non-physical) address that is used for communication between computer systems (such as a network location).
GlobalLocationNumber(x) → Identifier(x) ∧ ∃y(BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ GeospatialLocation(y)) ∧ designates(x,y) ∧ ∃z(GlobalLocationNumberCodingSystem(z) ∧ prescribedBy(x,z))
identifier that uniquely identifies a business organization or a geospatial location and complies with GS1 GLN coding scheme
if x is a 'global location number' then x is an 'identifier' that 'designates' a 'business organization' or 'geospatial location' that is 'prescribed by' 'GS1 GLN Scheme'
group of suppliers
The companies that are involved in manufacturing of iPhone and its parts
There exists a supply chain link between two interacting agents who are members of the same supplier group related to a specific supply chain system.
GroupOfSuppliers(x) → OrganizedGroupOfAgents(x) ∧ ∀y∃r∃s(BusinessOrganization(y) ∧ (SupplierRole(r) ∧ SupplyRelationship(s) ∧ specificallyDependedOnBy(r,s) ∧ ∃p(SupplyChainPlanSpecification(p) ∧ prescribes(p,s)) ∧ hasRole(y,r) ∧ hasMemberPartAtAllTimes(x,y)))
group of agents involved in trading and other business relationships with one another during the operation of specific supply chains
if x is a 'group of suppliers' then x is an 'organized group of agents' that only 'has member parts at all times' some 'business organization' y that 'has role' some 'supplier role' r such that r is 'specifically depended on by' some 'supply relationship' s and s is 'prescribed by' some 'supply chain plan specification' p
industrial inventory
sealed and labeled boxes of ball bearings packaged for shipment
Those stocks or items used to support production (raw materials and work-in-process items), supporting activities (maintenance, repair, and operating supplies), and customer service (finished goods and spare parts) [APICS].
IndustrialInventory(x) ↔ (MaterialArtifact(x) ∨ MaterialComponent(x) v MaterialProduct(x) v RawMaterial(x)) ∧ ∃r(IndustrialInventoryRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
material product, material component, raw material, or material artifact that is ready to be sold or used and is stored in a storage facility or on factory floor
every instance of 'industrial inventory' is defined as exactly an instance of 'raw material' or 'material product' or 'material artifact' or 'material component' that 'has role' some 'industrial inventory role'
industrial inventory role
(for a tile manufacturer) role held by the boxes of tile that are ready to sell, the semi-finished stock of tiles that haven’t been packed yet, the tiles set aside for quality checking, and raw materials like silica sand, clay, and pottery stone; role held by the rolls of aluminum a manufacturer stores to be consumed later on its bottling lines
role held by the rolls of aluminum a manufacturer stores to be consumed later on its bottling lines
IndustrialInventoryRole(x) → MaterialResourceRole(x) ∧ ∃m∃p(MaterialEntity(m) ∧ (ProductProductionProcess(p) ∨ SupplyingBusinessProcess(p)) ∧ participatesInAtSomeTime(m,p) ∧ ∃i(InventoryManagementProcess(i) ∧ participatesInAtSomeTime(m,i) ∧ roleOf(x,m)))
role held by some material entity when it is stored by a business organization and it is intended to be supplied to a customer or to be used or consumed in some product production process
if x is an 'industrial inventory role' then x is a 'material resource role' that is 'role of' some 'material entity' that 'participates in at some time' some 'product production process' or 'supplying business process' and 'participates in at some time' some 'inventory management process'
industry
automotive industry, defense industry, oil and gas industry
Group of organizations that participate in similar or related business processes and are intended to realize similar or related primary business functions according to their organizational objectives and plans.
Industry(x) → GroupofAgents(x) ∧ ∃y(BusinessOrganization(y) ∧ memberPartOfAtAllTimes(y,x)) ∧ ∀z(memberPartOfAtAllTimes(z,x) → BusinessOrganization(z))
group of organizations that are related based on their primary business activities
This construct is intended to remain as a primitive. The sub-classes will be non-primitive as they pertain to specific business functions.
if x is an Industry then x is a 'group of agents' that only 'has member parts at all times' some 'business organization'
integrated carrier business organization
A company that offers a blend of transportation services such as land, sea and air carriage, freight forwarding, and ground handling [CSCMP]
IntegratedCarrierBusinessOrganization(x)→BusinessOrganization(x) ∧ ∃f((FreightForwardingBusinessFunction(f) ∨ TransportationBusinessFunction(f)) ∧hasFunction(x,f))
business organization that is created for the purpose of providing different types of transportation and freight forwarding services
every instance of 'integrated carrier business organization' is defined as exactly an instance of 'business organization' that 'has function' some 'transportation business function' and 'has function' some 'freight forwarding business function'
inventory management process
A collection of tasks carried out in IKEA that ensures optimal inventory levels of raw material and finished products at all times.
1- The process of ensuring the availability of products through inventory administration [CSCMP] 2-The branch of business management concerned with planning and controlling inventories [APICS]
InventoryManagementProcess(x) → BusinessProcess(x)
business process that consists of the activities required for controlling, tracking, recording, and planning inventories
if x is an 'inventory management process' then x is a 'business process'
load
a portion of grain loaded on a truck and transported from a grain elevator to a food processing facility
collection of material entites transported or transferred together
Load(x) ↔ MaterialEntity(x) ∧ ∃r(LoadRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
collection of material entities which share the same transportation and transfer history
every instance of 'load' is defined as exactly an instane of 'material entity' that 'has role' some 'load role'
load role
role of 200 pounds of wheat when it is transferred from one container to another container
LoadRole(x) → TraceableResouceUnitRole(x) ∧ ∃m∃p(MaterialEntity(m) ∧ MaterialLocationChangeProcess(p) ∧ participatesInAtSomeTime(m,p) ∧ ∃i(Identifier(i) ∧ designates(i,m)) ∧ roleOf(x,m))
traceable resource unit role held by a number of material entities that have been transferred or transported together
if x is a 'load role' then x is a 'traceable resource unit role' that is the 'role of' some 'material entity' m that 'participates in at some time' some 'material location change process' and m is 'designated by' some 'identifier'
location identification scheme
GS1 specifications related to creating global location numbers (GLN) for physical and digital locations
InformationcontEntentity(x) ∧ ∃i(Identifier(i) ∧ prescribes(x,i)) ∧ ∃g(GeospatialLocation (i) ∧ designates(i,g)) → LocationIdentificationScheme(x)
identification scheme that prescribes how unique identifiers of physical locations are formulated
if x is an 'information content entity' that 'prescribes' some 'identifier' that designates some 'geospatial location' then x is a 'location identification scheme'
location role
role held by the site of a piece of land when it is the landing location for a SpaceX rocket; role of the site of a parking lot when it is used as a drop off location during a receiving process
LocationRolel(x) ↔ Role(x) ∧ ∃g(GeospatialSite(g) ∧ roleOf(x,g)) ∧ ∃m∃p(Process(p) ∧ MaterialEntity(m) ∧ locationOfAtSometime(g,m) ∨ isSiteOf(g,p))
role held by a geospatial site when it is the location of some material entity at some time or the site of some process
every instance of 'location role' is defined as exactly an instance of 'role' that is the 'role of' some 'geospatial site' that is 'location of at some time' some 'material entity' or 'is site of' some 'process'
logistic unit
An item of any composition established for transport and/or storage that needs to be managed through the supply chain [GS1]. Logistic unit is a composition of one or more trade items, which are to be delivered by transport and/or stored to fulfill a trade agreement.
LogisticUnit(x) ↔ MaterialEntity(x) ∧ ∃r(LogisticUnitRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
material entities packaged together for transport or storage
every instance of 'logistic unit' is defined as exactly an instance of 'material entity' that 'has role' some 'logistic unit role'
logistic unit role
role held by a pallet of soft drinks when it is stored before being shipped to a known location
LogisticUnitRole(x) → TraceableResourceUnitRole(x)
traceable resource unit role held by a number of material entities that are packaged together for transport or storage
if x is a 'logistic unit role' then x is 'traceable resource unit role'
logistics process
Inbound Raw Material Delivery, Finished Goods Shipment to Distributor, Work-in-Progress (WIP) Transfer Between Production Sites, Third-Party Logistics (3PL) Coordination, Return Logistics (Reverse Supply Chain)
LogisticsProcess(x) → BusinessProcess(x) ∧ ∃p((ReceivingProcess(p) ∨ ShipmentPreparationProcess(p) ∨ StorageProcess(p) ∨ FreightForwardingProcess(p) ∨ TransportProcess(p)) ∧ hasOccurrentPart (x,p))
business process composed of one or more processes such as transport, shipment preparation, storage, or receiving that are coordinated to enable the movement, handling, or distribution of material entities across one or more locations within a supply chain
if x is a 'logistics process' then x is a 'business process' that 'has occurrent part' some 'receiving process' or 'shipment preparation process' or 'storage process' or 'transport process' or 'freight forwarding process'
logistics service
the shipping service provided by a trucking company, the freight forwarding service provided by Logistix Co
The services related to planning, implementing, and controlling procedures for the efficient and effective transportation and storage of goods including services, and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption for the purpose of conforming to customer requirements.
LogisticsService(x) → CommercialService(x) ∧ ∃p((TransportationProcess(p) ∨ FreightForwardingProcess(p) ∨ PackagingProcess(p) ∨ StorageProcess(p)) ∧ hasOccurentPart(x,p))
commercial service that consists of at least one transport process, packaging process, freight forwarding, or storage process
There are several other types of logistics services that are not included in the current release.
if x is a 'logistics service' then x is a 'commercial service' that 'has occurrent part' some 'transport process', 'packaging process', 'freight forwarding process', or 'storage process'
logistics service provider role
role of FedEx when it provides transportation services to its customers
Any business which provides logistics services. Includes those businesses typically referred to as 3PL, 4PL, LLP, etc. Services may include provisioning, transport, warehousing, packaging, etc [CSCMP].
LogisticsServiceProviderRole(x) → ServiceProviderRole(x) ∧ ∃y∃p(BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y) ∧ LogisticsService(p) ∧ agentIn(y,p) ∧ roleOf(x,y))
service provider role that is held by a business organization or person when it provides a logistics service
if x is a 'logistics service provider role' then x is a 'service provider role' that is 'role of' some 'business organization' or 'person' y when it is 'agent in' some 'logistics service'
lot
a batch of water pump housings manufactured during the morning shift of diecasting plant on a certain machine
A Lot can consist of portion of bulk material
Lot(x) ↔ MaterialEntity(x) ∧ ∃r(LotRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
quantity of material entities produced together and sharing the same production history and specifications
every instannce of 'lot' is defined as exactly an instance of 'material entity' that 'has role' some 'lot role'
lot identifier
Lot Number: 180220601 The first two digits (18) is the year of manufacture (2018) The next two digits (02) is the month of manufacture (February) The next two digits (20) is the day of the month of manufacture (20th) The next digit (6) is the plant number The last two digits (01) represents the product batch of that specific day
1- A unique identification assigned to a homogeneous quantity of material [APICS] 2- A sequence number associated with a specific batch or production run of products and used for tracking purposes [CSCMP]. 3- A Lot can consist of portion of bulk material
it is often used interchangeably with Batch Number
LotIdentifier(x) ↔ Identifier(x) ∧ ∃y(Lot(y) ∧ designates(x,y))
identifier that uniquely denotes a particular quantity of material entities that have shared production or transformation history
'lot number' is a 'code identifier' that 'designates' some 'lot'
lot role
role held by a number of aluminum shafts machined by certain operator on a certain CNC machine during a work shift
LotRole(x) → TraceableResouceUnitRole(x) ∧ ∃m∃p(MaterialEntity(m) ∧ ManufacturingProcess(p) ∧ participatesInAtSomeTime(m,p) ∧ ∃i(LotNumber(i) ∧ designates(i,m)) ∧ roleOf(x,m))
traceable resource unit role held by material entities that have a shared production or transformation history
if x is a 'lot role' then x is a 'traceable resource unit role' that is the 'role of' some 'material entity' m that 'participates in at some time' some 'manufacturing process' and m is 'designated by' some 'lot number'
make-to-order production capability
the capability of BMW to customize their vehicles according to customers' preferences. BMW lets customers select the interior and exterior, the engine, as well as other features; Dell Computers is an example of a business that uses the MTO production strategy, wherein customers can order a fully customized computer online and receive it in a couple of weeks.
MakeToOrderCapability(x) → ProductionCapability(x)
production capability to manufacture some material artifact only after a confirmed customer order is received
Constructs such as 'order' and 'demand forecast' are not available in the current version.
if x is a 'make-to-order production capability' then x is a 'production capability'
make-to-stock production capability
The company that manufactures t-shirts knows that it generally sells more t-shirts in the summer than any other time of year. So it will produce a certain amount of t-shirts in advance and keep them in stock until customers purchase them.
Make-to-stock is the traditional production approach of building up an inventory based on sales forecasts.
MakeToStockCapability(x) → ProductionCapability(x)
production capability to manufacture and store some product to fulfill the expected incoming orders or forecasted demand
if x is a 'make-to-stock production capability' then x is a 'production capability'
manufacturing service
The final assembly service provided by Foxconn to Apple (Foxconn is a contract manufacturing service company that owns and operates factories in China that do the final assembly of iPhones for Apple), The machining services provided by a contract machinist
ManufacturingService(x) ↔ CommercialService(x) ∧ ∃p(ManufacturingProcess(p) ∧ hasOccurentPart(x,p))
commercial service that consists of at least one manufacturing process
every instance of 'manufactuirng service' is defined as exactly an instance of 'commercial service' that 'has occurrent part' some 'manufacturing process'
manufacturing service provider role
a contract machinist who machines parts owned by another company
ManufacturingServiceProviderRole(x) → ServiceProviderRole(x) ∧ ∃y∃p((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ ManufacturingService(p) ∧ agentIn(y,p) ∧ roleOf(x,y))
service provider role that is held by a person or business organization when it provides a manufacturing service
There are insufficient constructs to create necessary and sufficient conditions.
Manufacturing Service Provider Role x implies that x is a Service Provider Role that is 'role of' some Business Organization or Person when it is 'agent in' some Manufacturing Service
manufacturing supply chain system
a supply chain that manufactures and delivers F-150 engines to Ford Motor Company
ManufacturingSupplyChainSystem(x) ↔ SupplyChainSystem(x) ∧ ∃p(MaterialProduct(p) ∧ hasSpecifiedOutput(x,p))
supply chain system that is formed to manufacture one or more products
every instance of 'manufacturing supply chain system' is defined as exactly an instance of a 'supply chain system' that 'has specified output' some 'material product'
material trade item
Case of 24 soda cans, Box of 100 surgical masks, Office chair, one ceramic capacitor in a antistatic tape, reel of 5000 capacitor units, a surface mount precision kit with 50 capacitors, 50 resistors and 25 inductors.
1. Any item upon which there is a need to retrieve pre-defined information and that may be priced, ordered, or invoiced at any point in the supply chain [GS1]. 2. Any item (product or service) that is traded between a supplier and a buyer, which can be ordered and invoiced based on a trading agreement. 3. Note that 'material trade item' class is disjoint from 'service trade item' class. 4. Logistic unit is a composition of one or more trade items, which are to be delivered by transport and/or stored to fulfill a trade agreement.
Logistic unit is a composition of one or more trade items, which are to be delivered by transport and/or stored to fulfill a trade agreement.
LA2: MaterialTradeItem(x) → MaterialEntity(x) ∧ ∃y(LogisticUnit(y) ∧ isContinuantPartOfAtSomeTime (x,y))
LA1: MaterialTradeItem(x) ↔ MaterialEntity(x) ∧ ∃r(TradeItemRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
material entity that is uniquely identified and is intended to be offered for sale in a selling business process.
LA2: if x is a 'material trade item' then x is part of sime 'logistic unit' at some time.
LA1: every instance of 'material trade item' is defined as exactly an instance of 'material entity' that 'has role' some 'trade item role'
material trade item role
role of a bottle of detergent, identified by a GTIN for retail , role of a box containing 6 bottles of the detergent available for sale, role of a corrugated carton containing 4 inner packs available for salem role of a full pallet holding 20 cases of the detergent available for sale.
TradeItemRole(x) → ( Role(x) ∧ ∃y ∃p ∃i ( RoleOf(x, y) ∧ (MaterialProduct(y) ∨ Package(y) ∨ CommercialServiceAgreement(y)) ∧ SellingBusinessProcess(p) ∧ ParticipatesInAtSomeTime(y, p) ∧ Identifier(i) ∧ designatedBy(y, i) ) )
role of a material product, package of, or group of material products when it is intended to be offered for sale in a selling business process and is identified for trade.
Necessary and sufficient conditions could not be defined for this construct.
if x is a ‘trade item role’ then x is a ‘role’ that is a ‘role of’ some ‘material product’ or some ‘package’ that ‘participates in at some time’ some ‘selling business process’ and that is 'identified by' some ‘ Identifier’.
packaging plan specification
plan that describes how iPhone 14 is packaged at the item-level and batch-level, plan that prescribes how windows are plastic wrapped and separated using pads before transportation
PlanSpecification(x) ∧ ∃c(PackagingProcess(p) ∧ prescribes(x,p)) → PackagingPlanSpecification(x)
plan specification that prescribes a packaging process
if x is a 'plan specification' that 'prescribes' some 'packaging process' p and p 'has participant at some time' some 'material product', then x is a 'packaging plan specification'
packaging process
filling aluminum cans with beverage; Boxing an item in an Amazon Fulfillment Center before shipping; Plastic wrapping office furniture before shipment, putting 12 bottles of soft drink in a case and wrapping the case before transporting to the warehouse
1- While there are certainly packaging processes for transport or storage, another common and important packaging process prepares something for sale. An actual product that results from this process includes the package and has a different product identifier depending on that package (as with GTINs). In batch industries like beer, the line used to package the material is completely separated from the line used to make it and runs on its own schedule 2- Logistics Packaging Process is the preparation of product or commodity for proper storage and/or transportation. 3- Packaging may entail blocking, bracing, cushioning, marking, sealing, labeling, strapping, weather proofing, wrapping processes.
PackagingProcess(x) → BusinessProcess(x) ∧ ∃m∃p(MaterialProduct(m) ∧ PackagingPlanSpecification(p) ∧ hasParticipantAtSomeTime(x,m) ∧ prescribedBy(x,p))
business process of putting some products or some portion of material into a package according to a packaging plan specification
The required construct (the notion of package in this case) for creation of a formal definition are not available in this release.
if x is a 'packaging process' then x is a 'business process' and 'has participant at some time' some 'material procduct' and x is 'prescribed by' some 'packaging plan specification'
packaging service
On-site packing and knitting service provided by ABC company when they bring materials and a crew to the customer site and pack the products that need to be shipped.
PackagingService(x) ↔ LogisticsService(x) ∧ ∃p(PackagingProcess(p) ∧ hasOccurentPart(x,p))
logistics service that consists of at least one packaging process
every instance of 'packaging service' is defined as exactly an instance of 'logistics service' that 'has occurrent part' some 'packaging process'
packaging service provider role
The role of ABC Co. when they provide on-site packing and knitting service by bringing materials and a crew to the customer site and packing the products that need to be shipped.
PackagingServiceProviderRole(x) ↔ LogisticsServiceProviderRole(x) ∧ ∃y∃p ((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ PackagingService(p) ∧ agentIn(y,p) ∧ roleOf(x, y))
logistics service provider role held by a business organization or person when it provides a packaging service
if x is a Packaging Service Provider Role then x is a Logistics Service Provider Role that is the 'role of' a Business Organization or Person y when it is 'agent in' some Packaging Service
Packing List
Packing Slip
A paper packing slip included inside a single cardboard shipping box (Logistic Unit) delivered to a residential customer. The document describes the packaging configuration (1 Corrugated Box, Gross Weight: 2.3 kg) and itemizes the contents (2x Wireless Headphones, SKU: HP-900; 1x Charging Cable, SKU: CB-12). It participates in the parcel delivery logistics process.
A document that itemizes in detail the contents of a particular package, carton, pallet, or container for shipment to a customer. The details include a description of the items, the shipper's or customer's part number, the quantity shipped, and the stock keeping units (SKUs) of the items shipped. The packing slip accompanies the shipment to help the consignee verify the contents received [ASCM].
A packing list itemizes the contents of each package (box, pallets, etc). It includes weights, measurements and detailed lists of the goods in each package. The packing list is included in carton or package, and can be attached to the outside of a package with a copy inside [International Trade Administration].
most packing lists include information about the arrival time of the logistic unit (the ending time of the arrival process), but this feature is not axiomatized since it is not a necessary feature for all packing list instances
packing list may also describe logistic units' contents and packaging configuration
packing list may also refer to the logistic units' invoice number or bill of lading as well.
PackingList(x) ↔ InformationContentEntity(x) ∧ ∃y(LogisticUnit(y) ∧ describes(x, y) ∧ ∃z (LogisticsProcess(z) ∧ participatesInAtSomeTime(y, z)))
information content entity that describes one or more logistic units planned to participate in some logistics process
every instance of 'packing list' is an instance of some 'information content entity' that 'describes' some 'logistic unit' that 'participates in at some time' some 'logistics process'
piece of transport equipment
a truck, a trailer, a mobile yard crane, a towing vehicle, an intermodal container
Transport equipment is defined as a piece of high-value equipment used to hold, protect or secure cargo for transportation purposes [GS1].
PieceOfTransportEquipment(x) → PieceOfEquipment(x)
material artifact which has a transport equipment role
The required constructs for formal definition, such as holding, protecting, and securing, are not available in this release.
every instance of 'piece of transport equipment' is defined as exactly an instance of 'material artifact' that 'has role' some 'transport equipment role'
production capability
the capability of Philips Lighting Co to manufacture 1000 LED lamps per day
ProductionCapability(x) → Capability(x) ∧ ∃y(Agent(y) ∨ EngineeredSystem(y) ∧ CapabilityOf(x,y)) ∧ ∃p(ProductProductionProcess(p) ∧ hasRealization(x,p))
capability of an agent or a system that is realized in a product production process
if x is a 'production capability' then x is a 'capability' that is 'capability of' some agent or system y and that is 'realized in' some 'product production process' p
purchase order
A PO issued by Discount Tire (buyer) regarding purchasing 500 tires from Bridgestone company (supplier)
A PO becomes a legally binding document (contract) between a buyer and a seller once it is approved by the seller.
Agreement (x) ∧ ∃p(BuyingBusinessProcess (p) ∧ isAbout(x,p)) ∧ ∃b∃s(BuyerRole(b) ∧ SupplierRole(s) ∧ prescribes(x,b) ∧ prescribes(x,s)) → PurchaseOrder(x)
agreement between a buyer and a seller that contains a set of commitments undertaken by the buyer and the seller
if x is an 'agreement' that 'is about' some 'buying business process' and 'prescribes' some 'buyer role' and some 'supplier role' then x is a 'purchase order'
receiving process
the process of receiving and inspecting a shipment at a Walmart warehouse
1- The function of taking physical receipt of material and performing initial inspection of the incoming shipment for damage and validation with respect to purchase order quantity. Typically includes some initial data recording, but not quality assurance or stocking [CSCMP]. 2- The function encompassing the physical receipt of material, the inspection of the shipment for conformance with the purchase order (quantity and damage), the identification and delivery to destination, and the preparation of receiving reports [APICS].
ReceivingProcess(x) → BusinessProcess(x)
planned process in which an agent receives some material entity from another agent
if x is a 'receiving process' then x is a 'business process'
retailer
Target; Discount Tire; your local grocery store
1- a person or business organization that sells goods to the public in relatively small quantities for use or consumption rather than for resale. 2- An individual or organization which purchases products from a manufacturer or distributor and resells them to the ultimate consumer. This group includes a wide range of businesses from door to door and corner stores to global companies like Walmart, as well as on-line stores like Amazon [CSCMP]. 3-The party that sells directly to the ultimate consumer [GS1]. 4-A business or person that sells goods to the consumer, as opposed to a wholesaler or supplier, who normally sell their goods to another business [GS1].
Retailer(x) ↔ (BusinessOrganization(x) ∨ Person(x)) ∧ ∃r(RetailerRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
person or business organization who buys products from wholesalers and manufacturers and resells them to end users
every instance of 'retailer' is defined as exactly an instance of 'person' or 'business organization' that 'has role' some 'retailer role'
retailer role
Home Depot has a retailer role when it sells construction materials to contractors
LA1: RetailerRole(x) → AgentRole(x) ∧ ∃y∃p∃r∃r1∃r2∃m∃f((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ roleOf(x,y) ∧ BuyerRole(r) ∧ hasRole(y,r) ∧ BuyingBusinessProcess(p) ∧ hasRealization(r,p) ∧ MaterialProductRole(r1) ∧ SupplierRole(r2) ∧ MaterialEntity(m) ∧ realizes(p,r1) ∧ roleOf(r1,m) ∧ realizes(p,r2) ∧ roleOf(r2,f) → (Manufacturer(f) ∨ Wholesaler(f)))
LA2:RetailerRole(x) → AgentRole(x) ∧ ∃y∃p∃r1∃r2∃m∃e((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ roleOf(x,y) ∧ SupplyingBusinessProcess(p) ∧ agentIn(y,p) ∧ Customer(c) ∧ BuyerRole(r1) ∧ roleOf(r1,c) ∧ MaterialEntity(m) ∧ MaterialProductRole(r2) ∧ roleOf(r2,m) ∧ realizes(p,r1) ∧ realizes(p,r2))
LA3:RetailerRole(x) → AgentRole(x) ∧ ∃y∃p∃r∃m((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ roleOf(x,y) ∧ OfferingForSaleBusinessProcess(p) ∧ agentIn(y,p) ∧ MaterialProductRole(r) ∧ MaterialEntity(m) ∧ realizes(p,r) ∧ roleOf(r,m))
role held by a person or business organization when it buys products (material product) from manufacturers or wholesalers and offers them for sale to customers who are the end users of the product
LA1: if x is a 'retailer role' then x is an 'agent role' that is 'role of' some 'business organization' or 'person' y that 'has role' some 'buyer role' and 'has realization' some 'buying business process' that 'realizes' some 'material product role' that is 'role of' some 'material entity' and 'realizes' some 'supplier role' that is 'role of' some 'manufacturer' or 'wholesaler'
LA2:if x is a 'retailer role' then x is an 'agent role' that is 'role of' some 'business organization' or 'person' y who is 'agent in' some 'supplying business process' p and p 'realizes' some 'material product role' that is 'role of' some 'material entity' and p 'realizes' some 'buyer role' that is 'role of' some 'customer'
LA3:if x is a 'retailer role' then x is an 'agent role' that is 'role of' some 'business organization' or 'person' who is 'agent in' some 'offering for sale business process' that 'realizes' some 'material product role' that is 'role of' some 'material entity'
seaway
The longest shipping route in the world is the route between Asia and the East Coast of South America with approximately 19,000 nautical miles (35,000 kilometers) and about 45 days to complete.
A specific route that ocean liners take between ports to help traffic flow and to avoid the most dangerous areas of the ocean [APICS].
Seaway(x) → ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion (x)
three-dimensional spatial region that connects one specified location to another on a body of water along which a watercraft may travel
if x is a 'seaway' then x is a 'three-dimensional spatial region'
service consumer role
An AT&T customer has a service consumer role when she makes a call using a phone plan provided by AT&T
ServiceConsumerRole(x) → CustomerRole(x)
customer role held by a person or business organization when it receives and consumes a service
The required constructs for providing necessary and sufficient conditions are not available in this release. In particular, the notions related to receiving or consuming services are missing.
if x is a 'service consumer role' then x is a 'customer role'
service supply chain system
ServiceSupplyChainSystem(x) ↔SupplyChainSystem(x) ∧ ∃s(CommercialService(s) ∧ participatesInAtSomeTimes(x,s))
supply chain system that is formed to deliver some commercial services
every instance of 'service supply chain system' is defined as exactly an instance of a 'supply chain system' that 'participates in at some times' some 'commercial service'
ship from location
shipping dock, outbound staging area, Amazon FulFillment Center in San Marcos, TX
The location from which material is sent [APICS]
ShipFromLocation(x) ↔ GeospatialSite(x) ∧ ∃r(ShipFromLocationRole(r) ∧ hasRole (x,r))
geospatial location at which some dispatch process occurs
every instance of 'ship from location' is defined as exactly an instance of 'geospatial location' that 'has role' some 'ship from location role'
ship from location role
role held by the site of a Walmart warehouse when it is the location from which a shipment initiates
ShipFromLocationRolel(x) → LocatinRole(x) ∧ ∃g∃p∃b(GeospatialSite(g) ∧ ShipmentPreparationProcess(p) ∧ BillOfLading(b) ∧ isSiteOf(g,p) ∧ isPrescribedBy(p,b) ∧ roleOf(x,g))
location role held by a geospatial site when it is the location at which some dispatch process occurs
if x is a 'ship from location role' then x is a 'role' that is the 'role of' some 'geospatial site' and 'is site of' some 'shipment preparation process'
ship to location
my home's locations when it is used as the delivery point of an Amazon shipment; A Boeing manufacturing facility in WA when it is used as the delivery point for a shipment of jet engines
1-The physical location to which goods for transport are finally delivered [GS1] 2- The location to which material is being shipped [APICS]
ShipToLocation(x) ↔ GespatialSite(x) ∧ ∃r(ShipToLocationRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
geospatial location in which some receiving process occurs
every instance of 'ship from location' is defined as exactly an instance of 'geospatial location' that 'has role' some 'ship to location role'
ship to location role
role held by the site of a Ford dealership when it is the delivery location for a shipment of cars from Ford
ShipToLocationRolel(x) → LocatinRole(x) ∧ ∃g∃p∃b(GeospatialSite(g) ∧ ReceivingProcess(p) ∧ isSiteOf(g,p) ∧ roleOf(x,g))
location role held by a geospatial site when it is the location at which some receiving process occurs
if x is a 'ship to location role' then x is a 'role' that is the 'role of' some 'geospatial site' and 'is site of' some 'receiving process'
shipment
Examples include truckload, vessel, 10 pallets of various items.
1- A grouping of logistic and transport units assembled and identified by the seller (sender) of the goods travelling under one dispatch advice and/or Bill of Lading to one customer (recipient) [GS1] 2- An item or group of items delivered to one party’s location at one moment in time that have undergone the same dispatch and receipt processes [GS1]
1. a shipment may contain one or more logistic units 2. A shipment is prepared as prescribed according to some shipment plan and is intended to be transported by some carrier and delivered to some receiver.
Shipment(x) ↔ MaterialEntity(x) ∧ ∃r(ShipmentRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
collection of material entities delivered to a receiver's location that have undergone the same dispatch and receipt processes
every instance of 'shipment' is defined as exactly an instance of 'material entity' that 'has role' some 'shipment role'
shipment plan specification
a shipping plan that specifies the schedule for picking up a shipment of 1000 smartphones from a certain pick up location and transporting to a certain destination and also provides details of the shipping method (sea freight for example)
PlanSpecification(x) ∧ ∃p(ShipmentPreparationProcess(p) ∧ prescribes(x,p)) → ShipmentPlanSpecification(x)
plan specification that prescribes a shipment preparation process and a transportation process
if x is a 'plan specification' that 'prescribes' some 'shipment preparation process' then x is a 'shipment plan specification'
shipment preparation process
A tile manufacturer's warehouse receives several order and generates a picking list for each order. Then the warehouse workers pick the tile boxes from the assigned inventory location. Warehouse workers then pack, label, and sort the products by carrier before moving them to the loading dock for shipping.
The activities related to preparation of outgoing shipment for transport. Shipment preparation process (shipping) often includes at least one picking, internal movement, packaging, marking, labeling, weighing, or loading process.
ShipmentPreparationProcess(x) → BusinessProcess(x) ∧ ∃c∃m∃s(Consignor(c) ∧ MaterialProduct(m) ∧ Shipment(s) ∧ hasParticipantAtSomeTime(x,c) ∧ hasParticipantAtSomeTime(x,m) ∧ hasSpecifiedOutput(x,s))
business process in which some material entities are prepared to be transported together to a receiver’s location.
if x is a 'shipment preparation process' then x is a 'business process' and 'has participant at some time' some 'consignor' and 'has participant at some time' some 'material product' and 'has specified output' some 'shipment'
shipment role
role held by a shipment of 5 Toyota Rav4s on an auto transport trailer that are intended to be delivered to a Toyota dealership
ShipmentRole(x) → TraceableResouceUnitRole(x) ∧ ∃m∃p(MaterialEntity(m) ∧ ShipmentPreparationProcess(p)) ∧ outputOf(m,p) ∧ roleOf(x,m) ∧ ∀y(hasRealization(x,y) → TransportProcess(y))
traceable resource unit role held by material entities when they undergo the same dispatch and receipt processes as prescribed by a bill of lading
if x is a 'shipment role' then x is a 'traceable resource unit role' that is the 'role of' some 'material entity' that is the 'output of' some 'shipment preparation process' and whenever x 'has realization' y that y must be a 'transpot process'
shipment state
delayed state, in-transit state, delivered state
material state in which a shipment that participates in the state has a condition that remains unchanged
There are insufficient constructs to create necessary and sufficient conditions. Namely, constructs to formalize XYZ are still lacking.
if x is a 'shapment state' then x is a 'material state'
consignor
an Amazon FulFillment Center when it prepares an ordered item for shipping
1-The originator of a shipment of freight [APICS]. 2-The party who originates a shipment of goods (shipper). The sender of a freight shipment, usually the seller [CSCMP]. 3-The consignor is the company shipping the product. A consignor can be a factory, distribution center or drop ship origin location. When shipping internationally, the consignor is the exporter of record.
Consignor(x) ↔ (BusinessOrganization(x) ∨ Person(x)) ∧ ∃r(ConsignorRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
person or business organization that prepares and sends shipments for transport
every instance of 'consignor' is defined as exactly an instance of a 'person' or 'business organization' that 'has role' some 'consignor role'
shipping route
the path along which an Amazon delivery truck drives to deliver a shipment
A path along which some shipment travels during some transport process.
ShippingRoute(x) → ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion(x)
way (three-dimensional spatial region) that connects two or more supply chain nodes along which some shipment travels during a transport process
if x is a 'shipping route' then x is a 'three-dimensional spatial region'
storage capability
Caterpilar's capability to store its manufactured trucks up to a certain number
StorageCapability(x)→Capability(x) ∧ ∃y(Agent(y) ∨ EngineeredSystem(y) ∧ CapabilityOf(x,y)) ∧ ∃p(StorageProcess(p) ∧ hasRealization(x,p))
capability of an agent or a system that is realized in a storage process
if x is a 'storage capability' then x is a 'capability' that is 'capability of' some agent or system y and that is 'realized in' some 'storage process' p
storage facility
Costco's Warehouse, Self-storage facility
StorageFacility(x) → Facility(x) ∧ ∃c(StorageCapability(c) ∧ hasCapability(x,c))
facility that is designed to store materials or goods
if x is a 'storage facility' then x is a 'facility' and 'has capability' some 'storage capability'
storage process
the process of storing cutting tools in a tool cabinet for future use, the process of storing dishes in my kitchen cabinet, the process of storing products by a retailer for selling them in the future
this class refers to the storage process in a generic sense and it is not necessarily limited to industrial storage in a factory warehouse for example.
planned process of putting and keeping material entities in a specified location for future use
if x is a 'storage process' then x is a 'planned process'
storage service
72 hour free storage service provided by Maersk for cargo before being transferred to trailers for onward distribution
logistics service in which an agent keeps a number of material artifacts in a specified location to meet the storage needs of another agent.
StorageService(x) ↔ LogisticsService(x) ∧ ∃p(StorageProcess(p) ∧ hasOccurentPart(x,p))
logistics service that consists of at least one storage process
every instance of 'storage service' is defined as exactly an instance of 'logistics service' that 'has occurrent part' some 'storage process'
storage service provider role
DHL has a storage service provider role when it provides industrial warehousing and inventory management services to manufacturers
StorageServiceProviderRole(x) ↔ LogisticsServiceProviderRole(x) ∧ ∃y∃p((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ StorageService(p) ∧ agentIn(y,p) ∧ roleOf(x,y))
logistics service provider role that is held by a person or business organization when it provides a storage service
if x is a Storage Service Provider Role then x is a Service Provider Role that is the 'role of' a Business Organization or Person y when it is 'agent in' some Storage Service p
sublot
Sublot of 140 antacid tablets filled from Lot #6754189 and packaged in a bottle; sublot of antacid tablets contained in a box of 12 such bottles from the same lot; sublot of tetrachloroethylene filled from Lot #PERC6227741 and contained in a 50L drum; sublot of tetrachloroethylene contained in a pallet of 15 such drums from the same lot
Sublot(x) ↔ MaterialEntity(x) ∧ ∃r(SublotRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x, r))
material entity which has a sublot role
every instance of 'sublot' is defined as exactly an instance of 'material entity' that 'has role' some 'sublot role'
sublot role
Role held by the sublot of 140 antacid tablets filled from Lot #6754189 and packaged in a bottle; role held by the sublot of tablets in a box of 12 such bottles; role held by the sublot of tetrachloroethylene in a 50L drum from Lot #PERC6227741; role held by the sublot of tetrachloroethylene in a pallet of 15 such drums.
SublotRole(x) → TraceableResourceUnitRole(x) ∧ ∃y(MaterialEntity(y) ∧ roleOf(x, y) ∧ ∃l(Lot(l) ∧ continuantPartOfAtSomeTime(y, l)))
traceable resource unit role held by a material entity when it is part of a lot and is uniquely identifiable within that lot
The required constructs for creation of a formal definition are not available in this release. In particular the pattern for unique identification within a lot needs to be developed.
If x is a 'sublot role', then x is a 'traceable resource unit role' and is the 'role of' some 'material entity' that is the 'continuant part of at some time' some 'lot'
supplier evaluation process
Tesla evaluating the capabilities of a manufacturer of some battery component
SupplierEvaluationProcess(x) → AppraisalProcess(x) ∧ ∃s(Suppier(s) ∧ hasParticipantAtSomeTime(x,s))
appraisal process that involves evaluating, assessing, estimating, or judging the capabilities of a person or organization that is intended to become a member of a supply chain
if x is a 'supplier evaluation process' then x is an 'appraisal process' that 'has participant at some time' some 'supplier'
supply chain agent
a manufacturer in a supply chain; a carrier in a supply chain; a contractor who is responsible for on-site inspection of batches produced by a supplier of ventilator components
SupplyChainAgent(x) ↔ (BusinessOrganization(x) ∨ Person(x)) ∧ ∃r(SupplyChainAgentRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
person or business organization who supplies material products or commercial services to other agents in a supply chain
every instance of 'supply chain agent' is defined as exactly an instance of 'person' or 'business organization' that 'has role' some 'supply chain role'
supply chain agent role
role held by a manufacturer in a supply chain; role held by a carrier in a supply chain; role held by a contractor who is responsible for on-site inspection of batches produced by a supplier of ventilator components
SupplyChainAgentRolel(x) ↔ AgentRole(x) ∧ ∃a∃s∃p(Agent(a) ∧ SupplyChainProcess(p) ∧ GroupOfSuppliers(p) ∧ hasRelization(x,p) ∧ memberPartAtSomeTime(a,s) ∧ roleOf(x,a))
role held by an agent that is a part of a supply chain system when it supplies material products or commercial services to other agents in the supply chain system
if x is a 'supply chain agent role' then x is a 'role' that is the 'role of' some 'agent' a that is 'member part of at some time' some 'group of suppliers' and that 'has realization' in some 'supply chain process'
supply chain node
The location of a plant in which airbags are manufactured for Tesla cars, The location of a warehouse in which car axels are stored before being shipped to the assembly plant
SupplyChainNode(x) ↔ GeospatialSite(x) ∧ ∃r(SupplyChainNodeRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
geospatial location that is the site of some supply chain process
every instance of 'supply chain node' is defined as exactly an instance of 'geospatial location' that 'has role' some 'supply chain node role'
supply chain node role
role of the site of a factory operated by a supplier of Tesla, role of the site of a storage facility where airbag packages are stored before being shipped to a Ford assembly plant
SupplyChainNodeRolel(x) ↔ LocatinRole(x) ∧ ∃g∃p(GeospatialSite(g) ∧ SupplyChainProcess(p) ∧ isSiteOf(g,p) ∧ roleOf(x,g))
location role held by a geospatial site when it is the site of some supply chain process
every instance of 'supply chain node role' is defined as exactly an instance of 'location role' that is 'role of' some 'geospatial site' when 'is site of' some 'supply chain process'
supply chain objective specification
an objective of a supply chain for manufacturing water pumps is to manufacture and deliver a batch of 100 water pumps per day in a given timeframe
InformationContentEntity(x) ∧ ∃c∃p(Continuant(c) ∧ SupplyChainProcess(p) ∧ isOutputOf(c,p) ∧ prescribes(x,c)) → SupplyChainObjectiveSpecification(x)
objective specification that prescribes what the outcome of a supply chain process should be
if x is an 'objective specification' that 'is about' some 'supply chain process' p and that 'prescribes' some 'process characteristic' which is a 'process characteristic of' p or 'capability' that is 'realized in' p or 'continuant' c that is 'output of' p then x is a 'supply chain objective specification'
supply chain plan specification
plan that describes the production volume and schedule for the supply chain created for production of Dell desktop computers
LA1:SupplyChainPlanSpecification(x) → PlanSpecification(x) ∧ ∃o(SupplyChainObjectiveSpecification(o) ∧ hasContinuantPartAtAllTimes(x,o))
LA2:PlanSpecification(x) ∧ ∃c(SupplyChainProcess(p) ∧ prescribes(x,p)) → SupplyChainPlanSpecification(x)
plan specification that has one or more supply chain objective specifications as parts and that prescribes a supply chain process
LA1:if x is 'supply chain plan specification' then x is a 'plan specification' that 'has continuant part at all times' some 'supply chain objective specification' o
LA2: if x is a 'plan specification' and x 'prescribes' some 'supply chain process' then x is a 'supply chain plan specification'
supply chain process
shipment of a batch of semi-finished assemblies from a tier-2 supplier to a tier-1 supplier, inspection of a batch of parts before being shipped to the OEM, heat treatment of a batch of gears to be used in a transmission assembly by a BMW supplier
the process of transporting good from supplier 1 to supplier 2, the product production process related to fulfillment of an order received from a tier-1 supplier
SupplyChainProcess(x) ↔ BusinessProcess(x) ∧ ∃s∃p(SupplyChainAgent(s) ∧ SupplyChainPlanSpecification(p)) ∧ (hasParticipantAtSomeTime (x,s) ∧ concretizesAtSomeTime (x,p) ∧ genericallyDependsOnAtSomeTime (p,s))
planned process in which a supply chain plan specification is realized by a number of supply chain agents
every instance of 'supply chain process' is defined as exactly an instance of 'business process' that 'has participant at some time' some 'supply chain agent' and 'concretizes at some time' some 'supply chain plan specification' that 'generically depends on at some time' 'supply chain agent'
supply chain system
the suppliers Ford Motor Company and their equipment, facilities, software systems, production systems, logistics systems that are collectively used and coordinated for production of a Ford F-150's engine
A related notion is Supply Chain Infrastructure.
A supply chain is a system of organizations and business processes that are involved in manufacture, distribution, and maintenance of a product or asset [GS1]. An Engineered System comprising all agents, equipment, facilities, software systems, production systems, logistics systems, and other systems and resources, governed by a set of rules, designed and deployed with the function of delivering a product or a service to some customer [APICS].
SupplyChainSystem(x) ↔ EngineeredSystem(x) ∧ ∃s((CommercialService(s) ∨ ProductProductionProcess(s)) ∧ (participatesInAtSomeTime(x,s))) ∧ ∃g(GroupofSuppliers(g) ∧ hasMemberPartAtAllTime(x,g)) ∧ ∃p(SupplyChainPlanSpecification(p) ∧ prescribes(p,x))
engineered system composed of agents, facilities, machines, and information systems that is designed to deliver products and services to end customers through an engineered flow of information, material, and cash
every instance of 'supply chain system' is defined as exactly an instance of an 'engineered system' that 'has member part at all times' some 'group of suppliers' that 'participates in at some time' some 'product production process' or 'commercial service' and 'is prescribed by' some 'supply chain plan specification'
supply chain transport process
transporting semi-finished assemblies from one supplier to another
SupplyingChainTransportProcess(x) ↔ SupplyChainProcess(x) ∧ ∃p(TransportProcess(p) ∧ hasOccurrentPart(x,p)) ∧ ∃n1∃n2(SupplyChainNode(n1) ∧ SupplyChainNode(n2) ∧ startsAt(x,n1) ∧ endsAt(x,n2)) ∧ ∃s(Shipment(s) ∧ hasParticipantAtSomeTime (x,s))
transport process which involves movement of goods between sending trading party’s location and receiving trading party’s locations over the public logistics pathway/infrastructure
every instance of 'supply chain transport process' is defined as exactly an instance of a 'supply chain process' that 'has occurrent part' some 'transport process' that 'starts at' and 'ends at' some 'supply chain node' and 'has participant at some time' some 'shipment'
supply relationship
the relationship between Continental and Ford Motor Company based on which Continental agrees to sell powertrain assemblies to Ford in certain volumes per year
SupplyRelationship(x) → SpecificallyDependentContinuant(x) ∧ ∃r1∃r2∃c(CustomerRole(r1) ∧ SupplierRole(r2) ∧ Agreement(c) ∧ specificallyDependsOn(x,r1) ∧ specificallyDependsOn(x,r2) ∧ prescribedBy(x,c))
relationship that exists between two agents when one agent supplies a product or service to another agent and that is prescribed by an agreement
if x is a 'supply relationship' then x is a 'specifically dependant continuant' and x 'specifically depends on' some 'supplier role' and some 'customer role' and x is 'prescribed by' some 'agreement'
system capability
the capability of machine cell to manufacture precision parts with complex geometries; the capability of food traceability system to identify the origin of the materials used in a food product
The ability of a system to execute a particular course of action or achieve a desired effect, under a specified set of conditions.
SystemCapability(x) ↔ Capability(x) ∧ ∃s(System(s)∧ capabilityOf(x,s))
capability that inheres in a system to the extent of the system's capacity to realize it in some processes
if x is a 'system capability' then x is a 'capability' that is 'capability of' some System s
traceability
the ability of Land O'Lakes ERP system to identify the milk suppliers for specific batches of butter
capability of a system to trace the history, application or location of an object
The required constructs for providing necessary and sufficient conditions are not available in this release. Namely, trace and track processes are not formalized yet.
if x is a 'traceability' then x is a 'system capability'
traceable resource unit
Examples of traceable objects include products (e.g., consumer goods, medicines, electronic devices), logistic units (e.g., palletised goods, parcels) and assets (e.g., trucks, vessels, trains, fork lifts).
Traceable Resource Unit (TRU) is “the unit that the company wants to trace” or “the unit that the company records information on in the traceability system”.
TraceableResourceUnit(x) ↔ MaterialEntity(x) ∧ ∃r(TraceableResourceUnitRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
material entity that is uniquely identified and there may be a need to retrieve information about its history, application, or location as it moves through a supply chain
every instance of 'traceable resource unit' is defined as exactly an instance of 'material entity' that 'has role' some 'traceable resource unit role'
traceable resource unit role
role of a shipment of corn when it is tracked by its producer
TraceableResouceUnitRole(x) → Role(x) ∧ ∃m∃p1∃p2∃d(MaterialEntity(m) ∧ (ProductProductionProcess(p1) ∨ SupplyChainProcess(p1)) ∧ ObservingProcess(p2) ∧ Identifier(d) ∧ participatesInAtSomeTime(m,p1) ∧ participatesInAtSomeTime(m,p2) ∧ designatedBy(x,d) ∧ roleOf(x,m))
role held by a number of uniquely identified material entities when they participate in some supply chain processes or production processes while some agent observes them and collects information about them for future retrieval
if x is a 'traceable resource unit role' then x is a 'role' that is a 'role of' some 'material entity' that is 'designated by' some 'identifier' and 'participates in at some time' some 'supply chain process' or 'product production process' and 'observing process'
tracking event
a transport event during which materials are moved from one location to another, a sampling event during which a sample is taken from a portion of raw material for quality tests
An occurrence where information is captured representing history relevant to a product’s genealogy. This includes occurrences to product or material, as well as occurrences involving equipment with which product or material came into contact. Tracking event records are used to reconstruct material history later during analysis.
event that has at least one traceable resource unit or equipment (with which TRU comes into contact) or operator (that runs an equipment with which TRU comes into contact with at some time) as participant.
if x is a 'tracking event' then x is an 'event'
trailer
Trailer(x) → PieceOfTransportEquipment(x)
container that is unpowered and is pulled by a powered vehicle
if x is a 'trailer' then x is a 'container'
transport equipment role
role of my car that is used to transport goods to the buyer, role of a mobile robot that navigates factory floors independently to transport materials
TransportEquipmentRole(x) → Role(x) ∧ ∃m∃p(MaterialEntity(m) ∧ TransportProcess(p) ∧ participatesInAtSomeTime(m,p) ∧ roleOf (x,m))
equipment role held by a material artifact when it is planned to be involved in or is involved in carrying out some part of a transport process
There are insufficient constructs to define necessary and sufficient conditions.
if x is a 'transport equipment role' then x is a 'role' that is a 'role of' some 'material entity' that 'participates in at some time' some 'transport process'
transport process
the process during which a truck transports shipments from a shipper's location to a receiver's location
TransportProcess(x) → MaterialLocationChangeProcess(x) ∧ ∃e(PieceOfTransportEquipment(e) ∧ hasParticipantAtSomeTime(x,e))
material location change process involving the movement of material entities from one location to another as part of a planned logistics process
if x is a 'transport process' then x is a 'material location change process' that 'has participant at some time' some 'piece of transport equipment'
transportation business function
the function of Maersk to provide transportation service
business function that is realized in a location change process involving the movement of material entities by some piece of transport equipment
TransportationBusinessFunction(x) ↔ BusinessFunction(x) ∧ ∃s(TransportationService(s) ∧ hasRealization(x,s))
business function that is realized in a transportation service
every instance of 'transportation business function' is defined as exactly an instance of a 'business function' that 'has realization' some 'transportation service'
transportation service
rail freight shipping service; fluid handling and hauling services for water, polluted water, or oil
logistics service in which an agent changes the location of some material entities to satisfy the transportation needs of another agent
TransportationService(x) ↔ LogisticsService(x) ∧ ∃p (TransportProcess(p) ∧ hasOccurentPart(x,p))
logistics service that consists of at least one transport process
every instance of 'transportation service' is defined as exactly an instance of 'logistic service' that 'has occurrent part' some 'transport process'
transportation service provider role
role of Jack when he uses his personal vehicle to deliver Amazon packages; role of IKEA when it uses its own trucks to deliver furniture to customers
TransportationServiceServiceProviderRole(x) ↔ LogisticsServiceProviderRole(x) ∧ ∃y∃p((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ TransportationService(p) ∧ agentIn(y,p) ∧ roleOf(x,y))
logistics service provider role that is held by a business organization or person when it provides a transportation service
if x is a 'transportation service provider role' then x is a 'service provider role' that is the 'role of' a 'business organization' or 'person' y when it is 'agent in' some 'transportation service'
travel process
the process of travelling from New York to Philadelphia by train
TravelProcess(x) → MaterialLocationChangeProcess(x) ∧ ∃y∃t∃t1∃t2∃s∃s1∃z∃z1((Person(y) ∨ GroupOfPersons(y)) ∧ TemporalInstant(t) ∧ TemporalInstant(t1) ∧ TemporalRegion(t2) ∧ IndependentContinuant(s) ∧ IndependentContinuant(s1) ∧ Site(z) ∧ Site(z1) ∧ hasParticipantAtSomeTime(x,y) ∧ firstInstantOf(t,t2) ∧ lastInstantOf(t1,t2) ∧ occupiesTemporalRegion(x,t2) ∧ existsAt(s,t) ∧ existsAt(s1,t1) ∧ locatedInAtalltimes(s,z) ∧ locatedInAtAlltimes(s1,z1) ∧ locationOfAtAlltimes(s,y) ∧ locationOfAtAllTimes(s1,y))
material location change process wherein one or more persons move between geographical locations
if x is a 'material location change process' then x is a 'planned process' in which a 'person' or a 'group of persons' is moved from one 'site' to another
wagon
container in a rail transport system used for carrying cargo or passengers
if x is a 'wagon' then x is a 'piece of transport equipment'
warehousing plan specification
plan that describes the receiving, counting, storage, picking, packing, and shipping procedure at the Amazon Fulfillment Center in San Marcos, TX
a warehousing plan may include plans for flow of material, handling and transportation method and equipment, inventory management, and environmental condition.
PlanSpecification(x) ∧ ∃c(WarehousingProcess(p) ∧ prescribes(x,p)) → WarehousingPlanSpecification(x)
plan specification that prescribes a warehousing process
if x is a 'plan specification' that 'prescribes' some 'warehousing process' then x is a 'warehousing plan specification'
warehousing process
the process of counting and storing a shipment of external hard drives at an Amazon Fulfillment Center
WarehousingProcess(x) ↔ BusinessProcess(x) ∧ ∃p∃w∃f((StorageProcess(p) ∧ WarehousingPlanSpecification(w) ∧ StorageFacility(f)) ∧ occursIn (x,f) ∧ hasOccurrentPart(x,p) ∧ prescribedBy (x,w))
business process of storing products (material products) in a storage facility for future use
every instance of 'warehousing process' is defined as exactly an instance of 'business process' that 'occurs in' some 'storage facility' and 'has occurrent part' some 'storage process' and is 'prescribed by' some 'warehousing plan specification'
wholesaler
Sysco (The biggest wholesale company in America), Alibaba
A distributor that sells products to a retailer. A wholesaler will sell his product in bulk quantities to retailers, allowing the retailer to take advantage of a lower price than if he were to buy single items.
Wholesaler(x) ↔ (BusinessOrganization(x) ∨ Person(x)) ∧ ∃r(WholesalerRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))
person or business organization that buys products from distributors and resells them to retailers or other business organizations
every instance of 'wholesaler' is defined as exactly an instance of 'person' or 'business organization' that 'has role' some 'wholesaler role'
wholesaler role
role of Sysco when it sells food products in large quantities to out-of-home dining businesses
LA1:WholesalerRole(x) → AgentRole(x) ∧ ∃y∃p∃r∃m((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ roleOf(x,y) ∧ OfferingForSaleBusinessProcess(p) ∧ MaterialProductRole(r) ∧ MaterialEntity(m) ∧ agentIn(y,p) ∧ realizes(p,r) ∧ roleOf(r,m))
LA2:WholesalerRole(x) → AgentRole(x) ∧ ∃y∃p∃r1∃r2∃m∃e((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ roleOf (x,y) ∧ SupplyingBusinessProcess(p) ∧ agentIn(y,p) ∧ Retailer(e) ∧ BuyerRole(r1) ∧ roleOf(r1,e) ∧ MaterialEntity(m) ∧ MaterialProductRole(r2) ∧ roleOf(r2,m) ∧ realizes(p,r1) ∧ realizes(p,r2))
LA3:WholesalerRole(x) → AgentRole(x) ∧ ∃y∃p∃r∃r1∃r2∃m∃d((BusinessOrganization(y) ∨ Person(y)) ∧ roleOf (x,y) ∧ BuyerRole(r) ∧ hasRole(y,r) ∧ BuyingBusinessProcess(p) ∧ hasRealization(r,p) ∧ MaterialProductRole(r1) ∧ SupplierRole(r2) ∧ MaterialEntity(m) ∧ Distributor(d) ∧ realizes(p,r1) ∧ roleOf(r1,m) ∧ realizes(p,r2) ∧ roleOf(r2,d))
role held by a person or business organization when it buys some product from a distributor and resells them to retailers
LA1:if x is a 'wholesaler role' then x is an 'agent role' that is 'role of' some 'business organization' or 'person' that is 'agent in' some 'offering for sale business process' that 'realizes' some 'material product role' that is 'role of' some 'material entity'
LA2:if x is a 'wholesaler role' then x is an 'agent role' that is 'role of' some 'business organization' or 'person' who is 'agent in' some 'supplying business process' p and p 'realizes' some 'material product role' that is role of' some 'material entity' and p 'realizes' some 'buyer role' that is 'role of' some 'retailer'
LA3:if x is a 'wholesaler role' then x is an 'agent role' that is 'role of' some 'business organization' or 'person' y who 'has role' some 'buyer role' and 'has realization' some 'buying business process' that 'realizes' some 'material product role' that is 'role of' some 'material entity' and 'realizes' some 'supplier role' that is 'role of' some 'distributor'
agent in
The operator that runs a manual milling machine is 'agent in' the milling process, the driver of a truck is 'agent in' a transportation process
relationship from an agent to a process where the agent participates in the process and materially causes the occurrence of the process (plays a causal role).
depends on buyer
the supply relationship for supplying Bridgestone Tire Model ABC by Bridgestone (supplier) to Ford (customer) depends on Ford
relation from a supply relationship to a buyer (the bearer), in which the relationship mediates between the buyer and some supplier and some product or service
depends on product
the supply relationship for supplying Bridgestone Tire Model ABC by Bridgestone (supplier) to Ford (customer) depends on Tire Model ABC
relation from a supply relationship to a product (the bearer), in which the relationship mediates between the product and some supplier and customer
depends on supplier
the supply relationship for supplying Bridgestone Tire Model ABC by Bridgestone (supplier) to Ford (customer) depends on Bridgestone Co.
relation from a supply relationship to a supplier (the bearer), in which the relationship mediates between the supplier and some customer and some product or service
ends at
a transportation process ends at the site of the loading bay of a plant
relationship from a process to a spatial region or site whenever the spatial region or site is the location in which the process ends
has agent
a transportation service 'has agent' transportation service provider; a manual assembly process 'has agent' assembly operator
relation that holds between a process and agent when the agent participates in the process and plays a causal role
has text value
the 'name identifier' of Ford has text value: "Ford Motor Company"
relationship between an information entity and a string representation
holds
Amazon holds (has custody of) a shipment when it is out for delivery but not delivered yet.
holding doesn't necessarily imply ownership
relationship between an agent and a material entity when the agent physically keeps or carries the material entity
initiates relationship
the contract signing event initiates a supply relationship between BMW and its tire supplier company
relation between an event and a relational specifically dependent continuant where the event establishes (originates) the relational specifically dependent continuant as a mediator among several other entities
is site of
a plant site 'is site of' some production process, a warehouse is the site of some storage process
relationship between a site or spatial region and a process when the process occurs at the site or spatial region
is supplied by at some time
a phone plan is supplied by AT&T for an agreed upon period of time
relationship between a commercial service or product and a supplier when the service or product is provided by a supplier to a customer
is supplied to at some time
engine blocks are supplied to Toyota (by a specified supplier) for a given period of time, on-site jet engine inspection service is provided to American Airlines (by a specific contractor)
relationship between a commercial service or product and a customer when the customer buys the product or service from a supplier
occurs at
a casting process occurs at the site of foundry, a flying process (of an airplane) occurs at a specified air corridor
relationship from a process to a spatial region or site whenever the spatial region or site is the location in which the process unfolds
occurs on
a machining process occurs on a temporal interval between 10:00 AM and 10:05 AM
relation which holds between some processual entity and some temporal region whenever the duration of the processual entity is contained by the temporal region
owned by
my personal laptop computer is owned by me, the airplane operated by Southwest Airlines is owned by Southwest Airlines
relationship from a material entity to a person or business organization when the material entity is held by the person or business organization as legal property
owns
Southwest Airline owns its airplanes, I own my car
relationship from a person or business organization to an independent continuant when the agent holds the independent continuant as legal property
relationship initiated by
a supply relationship between Apple and its chip supplier is initiated by an event during which a contract is signed by both parties
relation between a relational specifically dependent continuant and an event where the event establishes (originates) the relational specifically dependent continuant as a mediator among several other entities
starts at
this transportation process starts at the site of this storage facility
relationship from a process to a spatial region or site whenever the spatial region or site is the location in which the process starts
supplies to at some time
a supplier of airbag systems supplies airbags to Honda
relationship between a supplier and a customer when the supplier sells a product or service to a customer
GS1 GLN Specifications
identification scheme that specifies constraints on the structure of a GLN (global location number)