Collaborative Research: Frameworks: Internet of Samples: Toward an Interdisciplinary Cyberinfrastructure for Material Samples
type: Grant
funder: 04nh1dc89

amber
type: Concept
broader: biogenic non-organic material
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

anthropogenic organic material
type: Concept
broader: other anthropogenic material
definition: Organic material manufactured by humans
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

basalt
type: Concept
broader: rock
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

bone
type: Concept
broader: biogenic non-organic material
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

brass
type: Concept
broader: anthropogenic metal
definition: alloy of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn)
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

brick clay
type: Concept
broader: ceramic clay
definition: dried or low-fired clay-rich material used to make blocks for construction
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

bronze
type: Concept
broader: anthropogenic metal
definition: alloy consisting primarily of copper with subordinate tin; often includes other metals
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

bucchero
type: Concept
broader: ceramic clay
definition: ceramic with black fabric and glossy, black surface achieved through reduction firing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

ceramic clay
type: Concept
broader: other anthropogenic material
definition: Any of the various hard, brittle, heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials made by shaping and then firing an inorganic, nonmetallic material, such as clay, at a high temperature. Common examples are earthenware, porcelain, and brick. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceramic)
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

charcoal
type: Concept
broader: biogenic non-organic material
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

chert
type: Concept
broader: rock
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

cinder
type: Concept
broader: particulate material
broader: rock
definition: The incombustible residue of something burnt. (http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300011788)
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

coal
type: Concept
broader: biogenic non-organic material
broader: rock
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

copper
type: Concept
broader: anthropogenic metal
definition: copper metal, includes copper-rich alloys not identifiable as brass or bronze.
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

dolomite
type: Concept
alternative label: dolostone
broader: rock
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

faience
type: Concept
broader: ceramic clay
definition: fine white-glazed ceramic (tin oxide based glaze)
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

fiber material
type: Concept
broader: other anthropogenic material
definition: material composed of fibers twisted or woved togther. Fibers might be plant material or Anthropogenic Organic material.
example: cloth, thread, rope, string are composed of fiber material.
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft
note: samples composed of fiber material might also be asserted to be composed of 'Plant fiber' or Anthropogenic organic material' if the nature of the fiber is known.

flint
type: Concept
broader: chert
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

gabbro
type: Concept
broader: rock
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

glass
type: Concept
broader: other anthropogenic material
definition: A non-crystalline, often transparent amorphous solid, most often formed by rapid cooling (quenching) of the molten silca rich material. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass)
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

gold
type: Concept
broader: anthropogenic metal
definition: a chemical element with atomic number 79; a dense, soft metal that is easily malleable and ductile. It has a melting point of 1064 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of 2,807 degrees Celsius. (ChatGPT)
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

greywacke
type: Concept
alternative label: graywacke
broader: rock
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

hair
type: Concept
broader: organic animal material
definition: Material comprising the cylindrical filaments that grow from follicles embedded in the skin of mammals. Hair is a column of overlapping, fused cells that are composed of the protein keratin; hair is composed of three parts: the innermost column is the medula, the surrounding live cells (the cortex) contain pigment, and the outermost dead transparent cells are the cuticular scales. The portion of the hair outside of the skin is called the shaft. Fine, closely spaced hair that covers most of an animal's body is called fur. Dense, soft, curled hair is called wool. Coarse, stiff hairs are called bristles, spines, or quills. Horsehair and cattle hair have been used for brushes, plaster binders, haircloth, and upholstery stuffing. Rabbit hair, often called rabbit fur, has been used to make felt hats. (http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300011814)
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

hematite
type: Concept
broader: mineral
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

iron
type: Concept
broader: anthropogenic metal
definition: Iron or iron-rich alloy
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

kaolin
type: Concept
broader: mineral
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

lead
type: Concept
broader: anthropogenic metal
definition: lead or lead-rich alloy
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

leather
type: Concept
broader: organic animal material
definition: The skin or hide of an animal that has been tanned to render it resistant to putrefication and relatively soft and flexible when dry. (http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300011845)
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

limestone
type: Concept
broader: rock
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

marble
type: Concept
broader: rock
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

mica
type: Concept
broader: mineral
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

obsidian
type: Concept
broader: rock
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

OpenContext material type extension draft
type: Ontology
type: ConceptScheme
modified: 2024-09-13
code repository: vocabulary
funding: Collaborative Research: Frameworks: Internet of Samples: Toward an Interdisciplinary Cyberinfrastructure for Material Samples
provider: http://cor.esipfed.org/ont#/
imports: core
version info: Created with TopBraid Composer
definition: vocabulary of materials typical of archeological samples
history note: 2024-09-13 SMR remove version number from URI
in scheme: materialsvocabulary

organic animal material
type: Concept
broader: organic material
definition: Material that is (or was) a constituent of an animal organisms, composed primarily of one or more very large molecules of biological origin.
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

organic plant material
type: Concept
broader: organic material
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

paper
type: Concept
broader: other anthropogenic material
definition: thin matted or felted sheets or webs of fiber formed and dried on a fine screen from a pulpy water suspension. The fibers may be animal, such as hair, silk or wool, or mineral, such as asbestos, or synthetic. However most paper is made from cellulosic plant fiber, such as from wood pulp, grass, cotton, linen, and straw. (http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300014109)
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

pewter
type: Concept
broader: anthropogenic metal
definition: alloy consisting of mostly tin, with antimony, minor copper or bismuth, and sometimes silver.
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

plant fiber
type: Concept
broader: organic plant material
definition: missing
example: cotton, linen, yucca fiber
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

plaster or mortar
type: Concept
broader: other anthropogenic material
definition: Plaster is a pasty material that hardens on drying and is used for coating walls, ceilings, and partitions. Mortar is a similar pasty material used for cementing bricks or block together or coating walls in building construction.
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

plastic (material)
type: Concept
broad match: https://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300014570
broader: anthropogenic organic material
definition: Synthetic or semi-synthetic material that uses organic polymers as a main ingredient.
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

porcelain
type: Concept
broader: ceramic clay
definition: Kaolin rich high-fired ceramic; In China, it includes any such ware that is highly fired enough to produce a ringing sound when struck. In Europe, it is limited to hard-fired ceramic that is translucent. (https://vocab.getty.edu/aat/scopeNote/45436)
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

pumice
type: Concept
broader: rock
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

quartz
type: Concept
broader: mineral
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

rubber
type: Concept
broader: other anthropogenic material
definition: An elastomer, synthesized from petroleum byproducts or from latex harvested from the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis).
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft
narrow match: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300012941

shell
type: Concept
broader: biogenic non-organic material
definition: Hard outer covering of invertebrate creatures, composed of calcareous or chitinous material (http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300011829)
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

slate
type: Concept
broader: rock
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

terracotta
type: Concept
broader: ceramic clay
definition: clay-based unglazed or glazed, porous ceramic
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

terra sigilata
type: Concept
broader: ceramic clay
definition: Fine red Ancient Roman pottery with glossy surface slips
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

travertine
type: Concept
broader: rock
definition: A limestone consisting of a massive usually layered calcium carbonate (such as aragonite or calcite) formed by deposition from spring waters, especially from hot springs. (https://www.mindat.org/min-39057.html)
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

wood
type: Concept
broader: organic plant material
definition: missing
in scheme: OpenContext material type extension draft

anthropogenic metal
type: Concept
definition: Specimen is dominantly composed of metal that has been produced or used by humans; subclass of anthropogenic material. Samples of naturally occuring metallic material (e.g. native copper, gold nuggets) should be considered mineral material. Metallic material is material that when polished or fractured, shows a lustrous appearance, and conducts electricity and heat relatively well. Metals are typically malleable (they can be hammered into thin sheets) or ductile (can be drawn into wires). The boundaries between metals, nonmetals, and metalloids fluctuate slightly due to a lack of universally accepted definitions of the categories involved. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal). c.f. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001069
in scheme: materialsvocabulary
top concept of: OpenContext material type extension draft

biogenic non-organic material
type: Concept
definition: Material produced by an organism but not composed of 'very large molecules of biological origin.' E.g. bone, tooth, shell, coral skeleton,
in scheme: materialsvocabulary
top concept of: OpenContext material type extension draft

mineral
type: Concept
definition: Material consists of a single mineral or mineraloid phase. . 'A mineral is an element or chemical compound that is normally crystalline and that has been formed as a result of geological processes.' (Nickel, Ernest H. (1995), The definition of a mineral, The Canadian Mineralogist. 33 (3): 689–90). Include mineraloids. ... A material primarily composed of some substance that is naturally occurring, solid and stable at room temperature, representable by a chemical formula, usually abiogenic, and that has an ordered atomic structure. (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000256). Comment: the identity of a mineral species is defined by a crystal structure and a chemical composition that might include various specific elemental substitutions in that structure. Mineraloid: A naturally occurring mineral-like substance that does not demonstrate crystallinity. Mineraloids possess chemical compositions that vary beyond the generally accepted ranges for specific minerals. Examples: obsidian, Opal. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraloid)
in scheme: materialsvocabulary
top concept of: OpenContext material type extension draft

organic material
type: Concept
definition: Environmental material derived from living organisms and composed primarily of one or more very large molecules of biological origin. Examples: body (animal or plant), body part, fecal matter, seeds, wood, tissue, biological fluids, biological waste, algal material, biofilm, necromass, plankton. source: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000155
in scheme: materialsvocabulary
top concept of: OpenContext material type extension draft

other anthropogenic material
type: Concept
definition: Non-metallic material produced by human activity. Organic products of agricultural activity are both anthropogenic and organic. Include lab preparations like XRF pellet and rock powders. Examples: ceramics, concrete, slag, (anthropogenic) glass, mine tailing, plaster, waste.
in scheme: materialsvocabulary
top concept of: OpenContext material type extension draft

particulate material
type: Concept
definition: Material consists of microscopic particulate material derived by precipitation, filtering, or settling from suspension in a fluid, e.g. filtrate from water, deposition from atmosphere, astro material particles. Might include mineral, organic, or biological material. ENVO definition (ENVO_01000060) has "composed of microscopic portions of solid or liquid material suspended in another environmental material.", refine here to define as the solid particles, distinct from a material in which they are suspended. A material that includes solid or liquid particles suspended in another material would be a dispersed_media in this scheme, not defined in ENVO. Human manufactured particulates (e.g. rock powder) should be categorized as 'anthropogenic material' as well as 'Particulate'
in scheme: materialsvocabulary
top concept of: OpenContext material type extension draft

rock
type: Concept
definition: Consolidated aggregate of particles (grains) of rock, mineral (including native elements), mineraloid, or solid organic material. Includes mineral aggregates such as granite, shale, marble; natural glass such as obsidian; organic material formed by geologic processes such a coal; extraterrestrial material in meteorites; and crushed rock fragments like drill cuttings from rock. (based on http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/lithology/rock, same as http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00001995)
in scheme: materialsvocabulary
top concept of: OpenContext material type extension draft