; Simple DSV (e.g., CSV, TSV) parsing utilities.
; - https://github.com/jasonsparc/dsvparser-ahk2
;
; See also,
; - https://www.autohotkey.com/boards/viewtopic.php?t=70425
; - https://github.com/jasonsparc/DSVParser-AHK
; - `Loop parse _, "CSV"` from AutoHotkey v2.0 -- https://www.autohotkey.com/docs/v2/lib/LoopParse.htm
; - https://github.com/hi5/CSV
; - https://github.com/JnLlnd/ObjCSV
;
#Requires AutoHotkey v2.0

global CSVParser := DSVParser(",")
global TSVParser := DSVParser("`t")

class DSVParser {

	; Creates a new DSVParser with the specified settings.
	__New(Delimiters, Qualifiers:="`"") {
		if (StrLen(Delimiters) <= 0)
			throw Error("No delimiter specified.", -1)

		this.___Delimiters := Delimiters
		this.___Qualifiers := Qualifiers

		this.___DefaultDelimiter := SubStr(this.___Delimiters, 1, 1)
		this.___DefaultQualifier := SubStr(this.___Qualifiers, 1, 1)
	}

	; -------------------------------------------------------------------------
	; Properties

	Delimiters => this.___Delimiters
	Ds => this.___Delimiters

	Qualifiers => this.___Qualifiers
	Qs => this.___Qualifiers

	DefaultDelimiter => this.___DefaultDelimiter
	D => this.___DefaultDelimiter

	DefaultQualifier => this.___DefaultQualifier
	Q => this.___DefaultQualifier

	; -------------------------------------------------------------------------
	; Methods

	ToArray(InString, InitCapacity:=0) {
		local dsvArr := []
		if (InitCapacity)
			dsvArr.Capacity := InitCapacity

		local nextPos := 1
		local maxCols := 0
		local row

		loop {
			nextPos := this.NextRow(InString, &row, nextPos, maxCols)
			local cols := row.Length
			if (cols > maxCols)
				maxCols := cols
			dsvArr.Push(row)
		} until !nextPos

		local _ ; Needed to avoid warnings when `#Warn` enabled
		for _, row in dsvArr {
			local extraCols := maxCols - row.Length
			if (extraCols) {
				row.Capacity := maxCols
				loop extraCols
					row.Push("") ; Append an empty cell
			}
		}
		return dsvArr
	}

	FromArray(DSVArray, LineSeparator:="`r`n", BlankLastLine:=true) {
		; Supported line separators. See:
		; - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newline#Representation
		; - https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#str.splitlines
		static ls := "S)`r`n|`n`r|[`r`n`v`f" chr(0x85) chr(0x1E) chr(0x1D) chr(0x1C) chr(0x2028) chr(0x2029) "]"
		if not LineSeparator ~= ls
			throw Error("Unsupported newline sequence.", -1)

		local ret := ""
		local rows := DSVArray.Length
		loop rows - 1 {
			ret .= this.FormatRow(DSVArray[A_Index])
			ret .= LineSeparator
		}
		ret .= this.FormatRow(DSVArray[rows])
		if (BlankLastLine)
			ret .= LineSeparator
		return ret
	}

	; Given a DSV string, parses a single DSV row from it, spits out to the
	; specified "OutRow" output variable an array of DSV cell values, and then
	; returns the next position in the input string where parsing may continue.
	;
	; The return value can be 0 to signal that the string was fully consumed and
	; that there is nothing left to parse.
	;
	NextRow(InString, &OutRow:="", StartingPos:=1, InitCapacity:=0) {
		OutRow := []
		if (InitCapacity) {
			OutRow.Capacity := InitCapacity
		}

		local cell, done
		loop {
			StartingPos := this.NextCell(InString, &cell, &done, StartingPos)
			OutRow.Push(cell)
		} until done

		return StartingPos
	}

	FetchRow(InString, InOutPos:=1, InitCapacity:=0) {
		if (not InOutPos is VarRef) {
			local _InOutPos := InOutPos
			InOutPos := &_InOutPos
		}
		local row
		%InOutPos% := this.NextRow(InString, &row, %InOutPos%, InitCapacity)
		return row
	}

	FormatRow(RowArray) {
		local ret := ""
		local d := this.___DefaultDelimiter
		local cols := RowArray.Length
		loop cols - 1
			ret .= this.FormatCell(RowArray[A_Index]) . d
		ret .= this.FormatCell(RowArray[cols])
		return ret
	}

	; Given a DSV string, parses a single DSV cell from it, spits it out to the
	; specified "OutCell" output variable, and then returns the next position in
	; the input string where parsing may continue.
	;
	; The return value can be 0 to signal that the string was fully consumed and
	; that there is nothing left to parse.
	;
	; The output variable "OutIsLastInRow" will be set to true if the current
	; cell being parsed was detected to be the last cell of the current row.
	;
	NextCell(InString, &OutCell:="", &OutIsLastInRow:=false, StartingPos:=1) {
		local regexNeedle
		if (ObjHasOwnProp(this, "NextCell__regex")) {
			regexNeedle := this.NextCell__regex
		} else {
			; Line break characters. See:
			; - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newline#Unicode
			; - https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#str.splitlines
			static nl := "`r`n`v`f" chr(0x85) chr(0x1E) chr(0x1D) chr(0x1C) chr(0x2028) chr(0x2029)

			local ds := RegExReplace(this.___Delimiters, "[\Q\.*?+[{|()^$}]\E]", "\$0")
			local qs := RegExReplace(this.___Qualifiers, "[\Q\.*?+[{|()^$}]\E]", "\$0")

			this.NextCell__regex := regexNeedle := "SsD)"
				. (StrLen(this.___Qualifiers) > 1 ? "(?:"
					. "(?P<Qualifier>[" qs "])"
					. "(?P<Qualified>(?:(?!\1).|\1\1)*)"
					. "\1"
				. ")?" : (StrLen(qs) ? "(?:"
					. "(?P<Qualifier>" qs ")"
					. "(?P<Qualified>(?:[^" qs "]|" qs qs ")*)"
					. qs
				. ")?" : ""
					. "(?P<Qualifier>)"
					. "(?P<Qualified>)"
				. ""))
				. "(?P<Delimited>[^" ds nl "]*)"
				. "(?:"
					. "(?P<Delimiter>[" ds "])"
					. "|`r`n?|`n`r?" ; -- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newline#Representation
					. "|.|$"
				. ")"
		}
		local match
		local found := RegExMatch(InString, regexNeedle, &match, Max(StartingPos, 1))

		local q := match.Qualifier
		; According to the RFC, Implementors should:
		; "be conservative in what you do, be liberal in what you accept from
		; others" (RFC 793, Section 2.10) (RFC 4180, Page 4)
		OutCell := StrReplace(match.Qualified, q q, q) . match.Delimited
		; The above treatment is also the same as that of Microsoft Excel.

		local nextPos := found + match.Len
		if (StrLen(match.Delimiter)) {
			; Found a delimiter. Therefore, there should be a next cell, even if
			; it's an empty one.
			OutIsLastInRow := false
			return nextPos
		}

		OutIsLastInRow := true
		; The last record in the file may or may not have an ending line break.
		; (RFC 4180, Section 2.2)
		return nextPos > StrLen(InString) ? 0 : nextPos
	}

	FetchCell(InString, &OutIsLastInRow:=false, InOutPos:=1) {
		if (not InOutPos is VarRef) {
			local _InOutPos := InOutPos
			InOutPos := &_InOutPos
		}
		local cell
		%InOutPos% := this.NextCell(InString, &cell, &OutIsLastInRow, %InOutPos%)
		return cell
	}

	; Formats a string to be used as a single DSV cell.
	FormatCell(InputString) {
		local regexNeedle
		if (ObjHasOwnProp(this, "FormatCell__regex")) {
			regexNeedle := this.FormatCell__regex
		} else {
			static FormatCell__regex_presets := ",`"`t"
				; Line break characters. See:
				; - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newline#Unicode
				; - https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#str.splitlines
				. "`r`n`v`f" chr(0x85) chr(0x1E) chr(0x1D) chr(0x1C) chr(0x2028) chr(0x2029)

			local qds := RegExReplace(this.___Qualifiers this.___Delimiters, "[\Q\.*?+[{|()^$}]\E]", "\$0")

			this.FormatCell__regex := regexNeedle := "S)[" FormatCell__regex_presets qds "]"
		}

		if (InputString ~= regexNeedle) {
			local q := this.___DefaultQualifier
			return q . StrReplace(InputString, q, q q) . q
		}
		return InputString
	}

	; --

	ToString() => ObjHasOwnProp(this, "___ToString")
		? this.___ToString
		: this.___ToString := Type(this) " { "
			. "Ds '" RegExReplace(this.Delimiters, "['``]", "``$0") "' "
			. "Qs '" RegExReplace(this.Qualifiers, "['``]", "``$0") "' }"
}