# include <cstdlib>
# include <iostream>
# include <fstream>
# include <iomanip>
# include <cmath>
# include <ctime>
# include <cstring>

using namespace std;

int main ( int argc, char *argv[] );
char ch_cap ( char c );
bool ch_eqi ( char c1, char c2 );
int ch_to_digit ( char c );
int file_column_count ( string input_filename );
int file_row_count ( string input_filename );
int *i4mat_data_read ( string input_filename, int m, int n );
void i4mat_header_read ( string input_filename, int *m, int *n );
void medit_write ( string filename, int dim, int vertices, int edges,
  int triangles, int quadrilaterals, int tetrahedrons, int hexahedrons,
  double vertex_coordinate[], int vertex_label[], int edge_vertex[],
  int edge_label[], int triangle_vertex[], int triangle_label[],
  int quadrilateral_vertex[], int quadrilateral_label[],
  int tetrahedron_vertex[], int tetrahedron_label[],
  int hexahedron_vertex[], int hexahedron_label[] );
double *r8mat_data_read ( string input_filename, int m, int n );
void r8mat_header_read ( string input_filename, int *m, int *n );
int s_len_trim ( string s );
int s_to_i4 ( string s, int *last, bool *error );
bool s_to_i4vec ( string s, int n, int ivec[] );
double s_to_r8 ( string s, int *lchar, bool *error );
bool s_to_r8vec ( string s, int n, double rvec[] );
int s_word_count ( string s );
void timestamp ( );

//****************************************************************************80

int main ( int argc, char *argv[] )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    MAIN is the main program for FEM_TO_MEDIT.
//
//  Discussion:
//
//    FEM_TO_MEDIT converts mesh data from FEM format to MEDIT format.
//
//    The FEM format defines "node", "element", and "boundary_node_mask",
//    files for a mesh.  A typical set of such files might have the names
//    "suv_nodes.txt", "suv_elements.txt" and "suv_boundary_node_mask.txt".
//
//    This program reads these files and creates a MEDIT mesh file, whose
//    name might be "suv.mesh".
//
//  Usage:
//
//    fem_to_medit prefix
//
//    where 'prefix' is the common filename prefix so that:
//
//    * prefix_nodes.txt contains the coordinates of the nodes;
//    * prefix_elements.txt contains the indices of nodes forming each element;
//    * prefix_boundary_node_mask.txt is 0 for interior nodes, 1 for boundary nodes;
//    * prefix.mesh will be the MEDIT mesh file created by the program.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    10 October 2014
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
{
  int *boundary_node;
  string boundary_node_mask_filename;
  int dim;
  int *edge_label;
  int *edge_vertex;
  int edges;
  string element_filename;
  int *element_node;
  int element_num;
  int element_order;
  int *hexahedron_label;
  int *hexahedron_vertex;
  int hexahedrons;
  int i;
  int j;
  string mesh_filename;
  double *node_coord;
  int node_dim;
  string node_filename;
  int node_num;
  string prefix;
  int *quadrilateral_label;
  int *quadrilateral_vertex;
  int quadrilaterals;
  int *tetrahedron_label;
  int *tetrahedron_vertex;
  int tetrahedrons;
  int *triangle_label;
  int *triangle_vertex;
  int triangles;
  double *vertex_coordinate;
  int *vertex_label;
  int vertices;

  timestamp ( );
  cout << "\n";
  cout << "FEM_TO_MEDIT:\n";
  cout << "  C++ version\n";
  cout << "  Read a set of FEM files.\n";
  cout << "  Write a corresponding MEDIT mesh file.\n";
//
//  Get the filename prefix.
//
  if ( 1 <= argc )
  {
    prefix = argv[1];
  }
  else
  {
    cout << "\n";
    cout << "  Please enter the filename prefix:\n";

    cin >> prefix;
  }
//
//  Create the file names.
//
  node_filename = prefix + "_nodes.txt";
  boundary_node_mask_filename = prefix + "_boundary_node_mask.txt";
  element_filename = prefix + "_elements.txt";
  mesh_filename = prefix + ".mesh";

  cout << "\n";
  cout << "  Read:\n";
  cout << "  * FEM node file \"" << node_filename << "\"\n";
  cout << "  * FEM element file \"" << element_filename << "\".\n";
  cout << "  * FEM boundary node mask file \"" << boundary_node_mask_filename << "\"\n";
  cout << "  Create:\n";
  cout << "  * MEDIT mesh file \"" << mesh_filename << "\".\n";
//
//  Read the FEM node data.
//
  r8mat_header_read ( node_filename, &node_dim, &node_num );

  node_coord = r8mat_data_read ( node_filename, node_dim, node_num );

  cout << "\n";
  cout << "  The node dimension is        " << node_dim << "\n";
  cout << "  The node number is           " << node_num << "\n";
//
//  Read the FEM boundary node data.
//
  boundary_node = i4mat_data_read ( boundary_node_mask_filename, 1, node_num );
//
//  Read the FEM element data.
//
  i4mat_header_read ( element_filename, &element_order, &element_num );

  element_node = i4mat_data_read ( element_filename, element_order,
    element_num );

  cout << "  The FEM element order is         " << element_order << "\n";
  cout << "  The FEM element number is        " << element_num << "\n";
//
//  Write the MEDIT mesh data.
//
  dim = node_dim;
  vertices = node_num;
  edges = 0;
  triangles = element_num;
  quadrilaterals = 0;
  tetrahedrons = 0;
  hexahedrons = 0;
  vertex_coordinate = new double[dim*vertices];
  for ( j = 0; j < vertices; j++ )
  {
    for ( i = 0; i < dim; i++ )
    {
      vertex_coordinate[i+j*dim] = node_coord[i+j*dim];
    }
  }
  vertex_label = new int[vertices];
  for ( j = 0; j < vertices; j++ )
  {
    vertex_label[j] = boundary_node[j];
  }
  edge_vertex = NULL;
  edge_label = NULL;
  triangle_vertex = new int[3*triangles];
  for ( j = 0; j < triangles; j++ )
  {
    for ( i = 0; i < 3; i++ )
    {
      triangle_vertex[i+j*3] = element_node[i+j*3];
    }
  }
  triangle_label = new int[triangles];
  for ( j = 0; j < triangles; j++ )
  {
    triangle_label[j] = 0;
  }
  quadrilateral_vertex = NULL;
  quadrilateral_label = NULL;
  tetrahedron_vertex = NULL;
  tetrahedron_label = NULL;
  hexahedron_vertex = NULL;
  hexahedron_label = NULL;

  medit_write ( mesh_filename, dim, vertices, edges, triangles, quadrilaterals,
    tetrahedrons, hexahedrons, vertex_coordinate, vertex_label, edge_vertex,
    edge_label, triangle_vertex, triangle_label, quadrilateral_vertex,
    quadrilateral_label, tetrahedron_vertex, tetrahedron_label,
    hexahedron_vertex, hexahedron_label );
//
//  Free memory.
//
  delete [] element_node;
  delete [] node_coord;
  delete [] boundary_node;
  delete [] triangle_label;
  delete [] triangle_vertex;
//
//  Terminate.
//
  cout << "\n";
  cout << "FEM_TO_MEDIT:\n";
  cout << "  Normal end of execution.\n";
  cout << "\n";
  timestamp ( );

  return 0;
}
//****************************************************************************80

char ch_cap ( char ch )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    CH_CAP capitalizes a single character.
//
//  Discussion:
//
//    This routine should be equivalent to the library "toupper" function.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    19 July 1998
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, char CH, the character to capitalize.
//
//    Output, char CH_CAP, the capitalized character.
//
{
  if ( 97 <= ch && ch <= 122 )
  {
    ch = ch - 32;
  }

  return ch;
}
//****************************************************************************80

bool ch_eqi ( char ch1, char ch2 )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    CH_EQI is true if two characters are equal, disregarding case.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    13 June 2003
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, char CH1, CH2, the characters to compare.
//
//    Output, bool CH_EQI, is true if the two characters are equal,
//    disregarding case.
//
{
  if ( 97 <= ch1 && ch1 <= 122 )
  {
    ch1 = ch1 - 32;
  }
  if ( 97 <= ch2 && ch2 <= 122 )
  {
    ch2 = ch2 - 32;
  }

  return ( ch1 == ch2 );
}
//****************************************************************************80

int ch_to_digit ( char ch )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    CH_TO_DIGIT returns the integer value of a base 10 digit.
//
//  Example:
//
//     CH  DIGIT
//    ---  -----
//    '0'    0
//    '1'    1
//    ...  ...
//    '9'    9
//    ' '    0
//    'X'   -1
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    13 June 2003
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, char CH, the decimal digit, '0' through '9' or blank are legal.
//
//    Output, int CH_TO_DIGIT, the corresponding integer value.  If the
//    character was 'illegal', then DIGIT is -1.
//
{
  int digit;

  if ( '0' <= ch && ch <= '9' )
  {
    digit = ch - '0';
  }
  else if ( ch == ' ' )
  {
    digit = 0;
  }
  else
  {
    digit = -1;
  }

  return digit;
}
//****************************************************************************80

int file_column_count ( string filename )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    FILE_COLUMN_COUNT counts the columns in the first line of a file.
//
//  Discussion:
//
//    The file is assumed to be a simple text file.
//
//    Most lines of the file are presumed to consist of COLUMN_NUM words,
//    separated by spaces.  There may also be some blank lines, and some
//    comment lines, which have a "#" in column 1.
//
//    The routine tries to find the first non-comment non-blank line and
//    counts the number of words in that line.
//
//    If all lines are blanks or comments, it goes back and tries to analyze
//    a comment line.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    05 July 2009
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, string FILENAME, the name of the file.
//
//    Output, int FILE_COLUMN_COUNT, the number of columns assumed
//    to be in the file.
//
{
  int column_num;
  ifstream input;
  bool got_one;
  string text;
//
//  Open the file.
//
  input.open ( filename.c_str ( ) );

  if ( !input )
  {
    column_num = -1;
    cerr << "\n";
    cerr << "FILE_COLUMN_COUNT - Fatal error!\n";
    cerr << "  Could not open the file:\n";
    cerr << "  \"" << filename << "\"\n";
    exit ( 1 );
  }
//
//  Read one line, but skip blank lines and comment lines.
//
  got_one = false;

  for ( ; ; )
  {
    getline ( input, text );

    if ( input.eof ( ) )
    {
      break;
    }

    if ( s_len_trim ( text ) <= 0 )
    {
      continue;
    }

    if ( text[0] == '#' )
    {
      continue;
    }
    got_one = true;
    break;
  }

  if ( !got_one )
  {
    input.close ( );

    input.open ( filename.c_str ( ) );

    for ( ; ; )
    {
      input >> text;

      if ( input.eof ( ) )
      {
        break;
      }

      if ( s_len_trim ( text ) == 0 )
      {
        continue;
      }
      got_one = true;
      break;
    }
  }

  input.close ( );

  if ( !got_one )
  {
    cerr << "\n";
    cerr << "FILE_COLUMN_COUNT - Warning!\n";
    cerr << "  The file does not seem to contain any data.\n";
    return -1;
  }

  column_num = s_word_count ( text );

  return column_num;
}
//****************************************************************************80

int file_row_count ( string input_filename )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    FILE_ROW_COUNT counts the number of row records in a file.
//
//  Discussion:
//
//    It does not count lines that are blank, or that begin with a
//    comment symbol '#'.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    23 February 2009
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, string INPUT_FILENAME, the name of the input file.
//
//    Output, int FILE_ROW_COUNT, the number of rows found.
//
{
  int bad_num;
  int comment_num;
  ifstream input;
  int i;
  string line;
  int record_num;
  int row_num;

  row_num = 0;
  comment_num = 0;
  record_num = 0;
  bad_num = 0;

  input.open ( input_filename.c_str ( ) );

  if ( !input )
  {
    cerr << "\n";
    cerr << "FILE_ROW_COUNT - Fatal error!\n";
    cerr << "  Could not open the input file: \"" << input_filename << "\"\n";
    exit ( 1 );
  }

  for ( ; ; )
  {
    getline ( input, line );

    if ( input.eof ( ) )
    {
      break;
    }

    record_num = record_num + 1;

    if ( line[0] == '#' )
    {
      comment_num = comment_num + 1;
      continue;
    }

    if ( s_len_trim ( line ) == 0 )
    {
      comment_num = comment_num + 1;
      continue;
    }

    row_num = row_num + 1;

  }

  input.close ( );

  return row_num;
}
//****************************************************************************80

int *i4mat_data_read ( string input_filename, int m, int n )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    I4MAT_DATA_READ reads data from an I4MAT file.
//
//  Discussion:
//
//    An I4MAT is an array of I4's.
//
//    The file is assumed to contain one record per line.
//
//    Records beginning with '#' are comments, and are ignored.
//    Blank lines are also ignored.
//
//    Each line that is not ignored is assumed to contain exactly (or at least)
//    M real numbers, representing the coordinates of a point.
//
//    There are assumed to be exactly (or at least) N such records.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    23 February 2009
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, string INPUT_FILENAME, the name of the input file.
//
//    Input, int M, the number of spatial dimensions.
//
//    Input, int N, the number of points.  The program
//    will stop reading data once N values have been read.
//
//    Output, int I4MAT_DATA_READ[M*N], the data.
//
{
  bool error;
  ifstream input;
  int i;
  int j;
  string line;
  int *table;
  int *x;

  input.open ( input_filename.c_str ( ) );

  if ( !input )
  {
    cerr << "\n";
    cerr << "I4MAT_DATA_READ - Fatal error!\n";
    cerr << "  Could not open the input file: \"" << input_filename << "\"\n";
    exit ( 1 );
  }

  table = new int[m*n];

  x = new int[m];

  j = 0;

  while ( j < n )
  {
    getline ( input, line );

    if ( input.eof ( ) )
    {
      break;
    }

    if ( line[0] == '#' || s_len_trim ( line ) == 0 )
    {
      continue;
    }

    error = s_to_i4vec ( line, m, x );

    if ( error )
    {
      continue;
    }

    for ( i = 0; i < m; i++ )
    {
      table[i+j*m] = x[i];
    }
    j = j + 1;

  }

  input.close ( );

  delete [] x;

  return table;
}
//****************************************************************************80

void i4mat_header_read ( string input_filename, int *m, int *n )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    I4MAT_HEADER_READ reads the header from an I4MAT file.
//
//  Discussion:
//
//    An I4MAT is an array of I4's.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    23 February 2009
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, string INPUT_FILENAME, the name of the input file.
//
//    Output, int *M, the number of spatial dimensions.
//
//    Output, int *N, the number of points
//
{
  *m = file_column_count ( input_filename );

  if ( *m <= 0 )
  {
    cerr << "\n";
    cerr << "I4MAT_HEADER_READ - Fatal error!\n";
    cerr << "  FILE_COLUMN_COUNT failed.\n";
    exit ( 1 );
  }

  *n = file_row_count ( input_filename );

  if ( *n <= 0 )
  {
    cerr << "\n";
    cerr << "I4MAT_HEADER_READ - Fatal error!\n";
    cerr << "  FILE_ROW_COUNT failed.\n";
    exit ( 1 );
  }

  return;
}
//****************************************************************************80

void medit_write ( string filename, int dim, int vertices, int edges,
  int triangles, int quadrilaterals, int tetrahedrons, int hexahedrons,
  double vertex_coordinate[], int vertex_label[], int edge_vertex[],
  int edge_label[], int triangle_vertex[], int triangle_label[],
  int quadrilateral_vertex[], int quadrilateral_label[],
  int tetrahedron_vertex[], int tetrahedron_label[],
  int hexahedron_vertex[], int hexahedron_label[] )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    MEDIT_WRITE writes data to a MEDIT mesh file.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    24 October 2010
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Reference:
//
//    Pascal Frey,
//    MEDIT: An interactive mesh visualization software,
//    Technical Report RT-0253,
//    Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique,
//    03 December 2001.
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, string FILENAME, the name of the file to be created.
//    Ordinarily, the name should include the extension ".mesh".
//
//    Input, int DIM, the spatial dimension, which should be 2 or 3.
//
//    Input, int VERTICES, the number of vertices.
//
//    Input, int EDGES, the number of edges (may be 0).
//
//    Input, int TRIANGLES, the number of triangles (may be 0).
//
//    Input, int QUADRILATERALS, the number of quadrilaterals (may be 0).
//
//    Input, int TETRAHEDRONS, the number of tetrahedrons (may be 0).
//
//    Input, int HEXAHEDRONS, the number of hexahedrons (may be 0).
//
//    Input, double VERTEX_COORDINATE[DIM*VERTICES], the coordinates
//    of each vertex.
//
//    Input, int VERTEX_LABEL[VERTICES], a label for each vertex.
//
//    Input, int EDGE_VERTEX[2*EDGES], the vertices that form each edge.
//
//    Input, int EDGE_LABEL[EDGES], a label for each edge.
//
//    Input, int TRIANGLE_VERTEX[3*TRIANGLES], the vertices that form
//    each triangle.
//
//    Input, int TRIANGLE_LABEL[TRIANGLES], a label for each triangle.
//
//    Input, int QUADRILATERAL_VERTEX[4*QUADRILATERALS], the vertices that
//    form each quadrilateral.
//
//    Input, int QUADRILATERAL_LABEL[QUADRILATERALS], a label for
//    each quadrilateral.
//
//    Input, int TETRAHEDRON_VERTEX[4*TETRAHEDRONS], the vertices that
//    form each tetrahedron.
//
//    Input, int TETRAHEDRON_LABEL[TETRAHEDRONS], a label for
//    each tetrahedron.
//
//    Input, int HEXAHEDRON_VERTEX[8*HEXAHEDRONS], the vertices that form
//    each hexahedron.
//
//    Input, int HEXAHEDRON_LABEL[HEXAHEDRONS], a label for each hexahedron.
//
{
  int i;
  int j;
  ofstream output;

  output.open ( filename.c_str ( ) );

  if ( !output )
  {
    cerr << "\n";
    cerr << "MEDIT_WRITE - Fatal error!\n";
    cerr << "  Unable to open output file.\n";
    exit ( 1 );
  }

  output << "MeshVersionFormatted 1\n";
  output << "#  Created by medit_write.cpp\n";
//
//  Vertices.
//
  output << "\n";
  output << "Vertices\n";
  output << vertices << "\n";
  for ( j = 0; j < vertices; j++ )
  {
    for ( i = 0; i < dim; i++ )
    {
      output << "  " << vertex_coordinate[i+j*dim];
    }
    output << "  " << vertex_label[j] << "\n";
  }
//
//  Edges.
//
  if ( 0 < edges )
  {
    output << "\n";
    output << "Edges\n";
    output << edges << "\n";
    for ( j = 0; j < edges; j++ )
    {
      for ( i = 0; i < 2; i++ )
      {
        output << "  " << edge_vertex[i+j*2];
    }
    output << "  " << edge_label[j] << "\n";
    }
  }
//
//  Triangles.
//
  if ( 0 < triangles )
  {
    output << "\n";
    output << "Triangles\n";
    output << triangles << "\n";
    for ( j = 0; j < triangles; j++ )
    {
      for ( i = 0; i < 3; i++ )
      {
        output << "  " << triangle_vertex[i+j*3];
      }
      output << "  " << triangle_label[j] << "\n";
    }
  }
//
//  Quadrilaterals.
//
  if ( 0 < quadrilaterals )
  {
    output << "\n";
    output << "Quadrilaterals\n";
    output << quadrilaterals << "\n";
    for ( j = 0; j < quadrilaterals; j++ )
    {
      for ( i = 0; i < 4; i++ )
      {
        output << "  " << quadrilateral_vertex[i+j*4];
      }
      output << "  " << quadrilateral_label[j] << "\n";
    }
  }
//
//  Tetrahedra.
//
  if ( 0 < tetrahedrons )
  {
    output << "\n";
    output << "Tetrahedra\n";
    output << tetrahedrons << "\n";
    for ( j = 0; j < tetrahedrons; j++ )
    {
      for ( i = 0; i < 4; i++ )
      {
        output << "  " << tetrahedron_vertex[i+j*4];
      }
      output << "  " << tetrahedron_label[j] << "\n";
    }
  }
//
//  Hexahedra.
//
  if ( 0 < hexahedrons )
  {
    output << "\n";
    output << "Hexahedra\n";
    output << hexahedrons << "\n";
    for ( j = 0; j < hexahedrons; j++ )
    {
      for ( i = 0; i < 8; i++ )
      {
        output << "  " << hexahedron_vertex[i+j*8];
      }
      output << "  " << hexahedron_label[j] << "\n";
    }
  }
//
//  End
//
  output << "\n";
  output << "End\n";

  output.close ( );

  return;
}
//****************************************************************************80

double *r8mat_data_read ( string input_filename, int m, int n )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    R8MAT_DATA_READ reads the data from an R8MAT file.
//
//  Discussion:
//
//    An R8MAT is an array of R8's.
//
//    The file is assumed to contain one record per line.
//
//    Records beginning with '#' are comments, and are ignored.
//    Blank lines are also ignored.
//
//    Each line that is not ignored is assumed to contain exactly (or at least)
//    M real numbers, representing the coordinates of a point.
//
//    There are assumed to be exactly (or at least) N such records.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    23 February 2009
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, string INPUT_FILENAME, the name of the input file.
//
//    Input, int M, the number of spatial dimensions.
//
//    Input, int N, the number of points.  The program
//    will stop reading data once N values have been read.
//
//    Output, double R8MAT_DATA_READ[M*N], the data.
//
{
  bool error;
  ifstream input;
  int i;
  int j;
  string line;
  double *table;
  double *x;

  input.open ( input_filename.c_str ( ) );

  if ( !input )
  {
    cerr << "\n";
    cerr << "R8MAT_DATA_READ - Fatal error!\n";
    cerr << "  Could not open the input file: \"" << input_filename << "\"\n";
    exit ( 1 );
  }

  table = new double[m*n];

  x = new double[m];

  j = 0;

  while ( j < n )
  {
    getline ( input, line );

    if ( input.eof ( ) )
    {
      break;
    }

    if ( line[0] == '#' || s_len_trim ( line ) == 0 )
    {
      continue;
    }

    error = s_to_r8vec ( line, m, x );

    if ( error )
    {
      continue;
    }

    for ( i = 0; i < m; i++ )
    {
      table[i+j*m] = x[i];
    }
    j = j + 1;

  }

  input.close ( );

  delete [] x;

  return table;
}
//****************************************************************************80

void r8mat_header_read ( string input_filename, int *m, int *n )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    R8MAT_HEADER_READ reads the header from an R8MAT file.
//
//  Discussion:
//
//    An R8MAT is an array of R8's.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    23 February 2009
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, string INPUT_FILENAME, the name of the input file.
//
//    Output, int *M, the number of spatial dimensions.
//
//    Output, int *N, the number of points.
//
{
  *m = file_column_count ( input_filename );

  if ( *m <= 0 )
  {
    cerr << "\n";
    cerr << "R8MAT_HEADER_READ - Fatal error!\n";
    cerr << "  FILE_COLUMN_COUNT failed.\n";
    exit ( 1 );
  }

  *n = file_row_count ( input_filename );

  if ( *n <= 0 )
  {
    cerr << "\n";
    cerr << "R8MAT_HEADER_READ - Fatal error!\n";
    cerr << "  FILE_ROW_COUNT failed.\n";
    exit ( 1 );
  }

  return;
}
//****************************************************************************80

int s_len_trim ( string s )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    S_LEN_TRIM returns the length of a string to the last nonblank.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    05 July 2009
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, string S, a string.
//
//    Output, int S_LEN_TRIM, the length of the string to the last nonblank.
//    If S_LEN_TRIM is 0, then the string is entirely blank.
//
{
  int n;

  n = s.length ( );

  while ( 0 < n )
  {
    if ( s[n-1] != ' ' && s[n-1] != '\n' )
    {
      return n;
    }
    n = n - 1;
  }

  return n;
}
//****************************************************************************80

int s_to_i4 ( string s, int *last, bool *error )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    S_TO_I4 reads an I4 from a string.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    05 July 2009
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, string S, a string to be examined.
//
//    Output, int *LAST, the last character of S used to make IVAL.
//
//    Output, bool *ERROR is TRUE if an error occurred.
//
//    Output, int *S_TO_I4, the integer value read from the string.
//    If the string is blank, then IVAL will be returned 0.
//
{
  char c;
  int i;
  int isgn;
  int istate;
  int ival;

  *error = false;
  istate = 0;
  isgn = 1;
  i = 0;
  ival = 0;

  for ( ; ; )
  {
    c = s[i];
    i = i + 1;
//
//  Haven't read anything.
//
    if ( istate == 0 )
    {
      if ( c == ' ' )
      {
      }
      else if ( c == '-' )
      {
        istate = 1;
        isgn = -1;
      }
      else if ( c == '+' )
      {
        istate = 1;
        isgn = + 1;
      }
      else if ( '0' <= c && c <= '9' )
      {
        istate = 2;
        ival = c - '0';
      }
      else
      {
        *error = true;
        return ival;
      }
    }
//
//  Have read the sign, expecting digits.
//
    else if ( istate == 1 )
    {
      if ( c == ' ' )
      {
      }
      else if ( '0' <= c && c <= '9' )
      {
        istate = 2;
        ival = c - '0';
      }
      else
      {
        *error = true;
        return ival;
      }
    }
//
//  Have read at least one digit, expecting more.
//
    else if ( istate == 2 )
    {
      if ( '0' <= c && c <= '9' )
      {
        ival = 10 * (ival) + c - '0';
      }
      else
      {
        ival = isgn * ival;
        *last = i - 1;
        return ival;
      }

    }
  }
//
//  If we read all the characters in the string, see if we're OK.
//
  if ( istate == 2 )
  {
    ival = isgn * ival;
    *last = s_len_trim ( s );
  }
  else
  {
    *error = true;
    *last = 0;
  }

  return ival;
}
//****************************************************************************80

bool s_to_i4vec ( string s, int n, int ivec[] )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    S_TO_I4VEC reads an I4VEC from a string.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    05 July 2009
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, string S, the string to be read.
//
//    Input, int N, the number of values expected.
//
//    Output, int IVEC[N], the values read from the string.
//
//    Output, bool S_TO_I4VEC, is TRUE if an error occurred.
//
{
  int begin;
  bool error;
  int i;
  int lchar;
  int length;

  begin = 0;
  length = s.length ( );
  error = 0;

  for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
  {
    ivec[i] = s_to_i4 ( s.substr(begin,length), &lchar, &error );

    if ( error )
    {
      return error;
    }
    begin = begin + lchar;
    length = length - lchar;
  }

  return error;
}
//****************************************************************************80

double s_to_r8 ( string s, int *lchar, bool *error )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    S_TO_R8 reads an R8 from a string.
//
//  Discussion:
//
//    This routine will read as many characters as possible until it reaches
//    the end of the string, or encounters a character which cannot be
//    part of the real number.
//
//    Legal input is:
//
//       1 blanks,
//       2 '+' or '-' sign,
//       2.5 spaces
//       3 integer part,
//       4 decimal point,
//       5 fraction part,
//       6 'E' or 'e' or 'D' or 'd', exponent marker,
//       7 exponent sign,
//       8 exponent integer part,
//       9 exponent decimal point,
//      10 exponent fraction part,
//      11 blanks,
//      12 final comma or semicolon.
//
//    with most quantities optional.
//
//  Example:
//
//    S                 R
//
//    '1'               1.0
//    '     1   '       1.0
//    '1A'              1.0
//    '12,34,56'        12.0
//    '  34 7'          34.0
//    '-1E2ABCD'        -100.0
//    '-1X2ABCD'        -1.0
//    ' 2E-1'           0.2
//    '23.45'           23.45
//    '-4.2E+2'         -420.0
//    '17d2'            1700.0
//    '-14e-2'         -0.14
//    'e2'              100.0
//    '-12.73e-9.23'   -12.73 * 10.0^(-9.23)
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    05 July 2009
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, string S, the string containing the
//    data to be read.  Reading will begin at position 1 and
//    terminate at the end of the string, or when no more
//    characters can be read to form a legal real.  Blanks,
//    commas, or other nonnumeric data will, in particular,
//    cause the conversion to halt.
//
//    Output, int *LCHAR, the number of characters read from
//    the string to form the number, including any terminating
//    characters such as a trailing comma or blanks.
//
//    Output, bool *ERROR, is true if an error occurred.
//
//    Output, double S_TO_R8, the real value that was read from the string.
//
{
  char c;
  int ihave;
  int isgn;
  int iterm;
  int jbot;
  int jsgn;
  int jtop;
  int nchar;
  int ndig;
  double r;
  double rbot;
  double rexp;
  double rtop;
  char TAB = 9;

  nchar = s_len_trim ( s );
  *error = false;
  r = 0.0;
  *lchar = -1;
  isgn = 1;
  rtop = 0.0;
  rbot = 1.0;
  jsgn = 1;
  jtop = 0;
  jbot = 1;
  ihave = 1;
  iterm = 0;

  for ( ; ; )
  {
    c = s[*lchar+1];
    *lchar = *lchar + 1;
//
//  Blank or TAB character.
//
    if ( c == ' ' || c == TAB )
    {
      if ( ihave == 2 )
      {
      }
      else if ( ihave == 6 || ihave == 7 )
      {
        iterm = 1;
      }
      else if ( 1 < ihave )
      {
        ihave = 11;
      }
    }
//
//  Comma.
//
    else if ( c == ',' || c == ';' )
    {
      if ( ihave != 1 )
      {
        iterm = 1;
        ihave = 12;
        *lchar = *lchar + 1;
      }
    }
//
//  Minus sign.
//
    else if ( c == '-' )
    {
      if ( ihave == 1 )
      {
        ihave = 2;
        isgn = -1;
      }
      else if ( ihave == 6 )
      {
        ihave = 7;
        jsgn = -1;
      }
      else
      {
        iterm = 1;
      }
    }
//
//  Plus sign.
//
    else if ( c == '+' )
    {
      if ( ihave == 1 )
      {
        ihave = 2;
      }
      else if ( ihave == 6 )
      {
        ihave = 7;
      }
      else
      {
        iterm = 1;
      }
    }
//
//  Decimal point.
//
    else if ( c == '.' )
    {
      if ( ihave < 4 )
      {
        ihave = 4;
      }
      else if ( 6 <= ihave && ihave <= 8 )
      {
        ihave = 9;
      }
      else
      {
        iterm = 1;
      }
    }
//
//  Exponent marker.
//
    else if ( ch_eqi ( c, 'E' ) || ch_eqi ( c, 'D' ) )
    {
      if ( ihave < 6 )
      {
        ihave = 6;
      }
      else
      {
        iterm = 1;
      }
    }
//
//  Digit.
//
    else if ( ihave < 11 && '0' <= c && c <= '9' )
    {
      if ( ihave <= 2 )
      {
        ihave = 3;
      }
      else if ( ihave == 4 )
      {
        ihave = 5;
      }
      else if ( ihave == 6 || ihave == 7 )
      {
        ihave = 8;
      }
      else if ( ihave == 9 )
      {
        ihave = 10;
      }

      ndig = ch_to_digit ( c );

      if ( ihave == 3 )
      {
        rtop = 10.0 * rtop + ( double ) ndig;
      }
      else if ( ihave == 5 )
      {
        rtop = 10.0 * rtop + ( double ) ndig;
        rbot = 10.0 * rbot;
      }
      else if ( ihave == 8 )
      {
        jtop = 10 * jtop + ndig;
      }
      else if ( ihave == 10 )
      {
        jtop = 10 * jtop + ndig;
        jbot = 10 * jbot;
      }

    }
//
//  Anything else is regarded as a terminator.
//
    else
    {
      iterm = 1;
    }
//
//  If we haven't seen a terminator, and we haven't examined the
//  entire string, go get the next character.
//
    if ( iterm == 1 || nchar <= *lchar + 1 )
    {
      break;
    }

  }
//
//  If we haven't seen a terminator, and we have examined the
//  entire string, then we're done, and LCHAR is equal to NCHAR.
//
  if ( iterm != 1 && (*lchar) + 1 == nchar )
  {
    *lchar = nchar;
  }
//
//  Number seems to have terminated.  Have we got a legal number?
//  Not if we terminated in states 1, 2, 6 or 7!
//
  if ( ihave == 1 || ihave == 2 || ihave == 6 || ihave == 7 )
  {
    *error = true;
    return r;
  }
//
//  Number seems OK.  Form it.
//
  if ( jtop == 0 )
  {
    rexp = 1.0;
  }
  else
  {
    if ( jbot == 1 )
    {
      rexp = pow ( 10.0, jsgn * jtop );
    }
    else
    {
      rexp = jsgn * jtop;
      rexp = rexp / jbot;
      rexp = pow ( 10.0, rexp );
    }

  }

  r = isgn * rexp * rtop / rbot;

  return r;
}
//****************************************************************************80

bool s_to_r8vec ( string s, int n, double rvec[] )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    S_TO_R8VEC reads an R8VEC from a string.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    05 July 2009
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, string S, the string to be read.
//
//    Input, int N, the number of values expected.
//
//    Output, double RVEC[N], the values read from the string.
//
//    Output, bool S_TO_R8VEC, is true if an error occurred.
//
{
  int begin;
  bool error;
  int i;
  int lchar;
  int length;

  begin = 0;
  length = s.length ( );
  error = 0;

  for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
  {
    rvec[i] = s_to_r8 ( s.substr(begin,length), &lchar, &error );

    if ( error )
    {
      return error;
    }
    begin = begin + lchar;
    length = length - lchar;
  }

  return error;
}
//****************************************************************************80

int s_word_count ( string s )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    S_WORD_COUNT counts the number of "words" in a string.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    05 July 2009
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, string S, the string to be examined.
//
//    Output, int S_WORD_COUNT, the number of "words" in the string.
//    Words are presumed to be separated by one or more blanks.
//
{
  bool blank;
  int char_count;
  int i;
  int word_count;

  word_count = 0;
  blank = true;

  char_count = s.length ( );

  for ( i = 0; i < char_count; i++ )
  {
    if ( isspace ( s[i] ) )
    {
      blank = true;
    }
    else if ( blank )
    {
      word_count = word_count + 1;
      blank = false;
    }
  }

  return word_count;
}
//****************************************************************************80

void timestamp ( )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    TIMESTAMP prints the current YMDHMS date as a time stamp.
//
//  Example:
//
//    May 31 2001 09:45:54 AM
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    02 October 2003
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    None
//
{
# define TIME_SIZE 40

  static char time_buffer[TIME_SIZE];
  const struct tm *tm;
  size_t len;
  time_t now;

  now = time ( NULL );
  tm = localtime ( &now );

  len = strftime ( time_buffer, TIME_SIZE, "%d %B %Y %I:%M:%S %p", tm );

  cout << time_buffer << "\n";

  return;
# undef TIME_SIZE
}