# include # include # include # include # include # include using namespace std; # include "stla_io.hpp" //****************************************************************************80 char ch_cap ( char c ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // CH_CAP capitalizes a single character. // // Discussion: // // This routine should be equivalent to the library "toupper" function. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 19 July 1998 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Parameters: // // Input, char C, the character to capitalize. // // Output, char CH_CAP, the capitalized character. // { if ( 97 <= c && c <= 122 ) { c = c - 32; } return c; } //****************************************************************************80 bool ch_eqi ( char c1, char c2 ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // CH_EQI is true if two characters are equal, disregarding case. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 13 June 2003 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Parameters: // // Input, char C1, C2, the characters to compare. // // Output, bool CH_EQI, is true if the two characters are equal, // disregarding case. // { if ( 97 <= c1 && c1 <= 122 ) { c1 = c1 - 32; } if ( 97 <= c2 && c2 <= 122 ) { c2 = c2 - 32; } return ( c1 == c2 ); } //****************************************************************************80 int ch_to_digit ( char c ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // CH_TO_DIGIT returns the integer value of a base 10 digit. // // Example: // // C DIGIT // --- ----- // '0' 0 // '1' 1 // ... ... // '9' 9 // ' ' 0 // 'X' -1 // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 13 June 2003 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Parameters: // // Input, char C, the decimal digit, '0' through '9' or blank are legal. // // Output, int CH_TO_DIGIT, the corresponding integer value. If C was // 'illegal', then DIGIT is -1. // { int digit; if ( '0' <= c && c <= '9' ) { digit = c - '0'; } else if ( c == ' ' ) { digit = 0; } else { digit = -1; } return digit; } //**************************************************************************** int i4_min ( int i1, int i2 ) //**************************************************************************** // // Purpose: // // I4_MIN returns the smaller of two I4's. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 13 October 1998 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Parameters: // // Input, int I1, I2, two I4's to be compared. // // Output, int I4_MIN, the smaller of I1 and I2. // // { if ( i1 < i2 ) { return i1; } else { return i2; } } //********************************************************************* double r8_max ( double x, double y ) //********************************************************************* // // Purpose: // // R8_MAX returns the maximum of two R8's. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 18 August 2004 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Parameters: // // Input, double X, Y, the quantities to compare. // // Output, double R8_MAX, the maximum of X and Y. // { if ( y < x ) { return x; } else { return y; } } //********************************************************************* double r8_min ( double x, double y ) //********************************************************************* // // Purpose: // // R8_MIN returns the minimum of two R8's. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 31 August 2004 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Parameters: // // Input, double X, Y, the quantities to compare. // // Output, double R8_MIN, the minimum of X and Y. // { if ( y < x ) { return y; } else { return x; } } //******************************************************************** double *r8vec_cross_3d ( double v1[3], double v2[3] ) //******************************************************************** // // Purpose: // // R8VEC_CROSS_3D computes the cross product of two R8VEC's in 3D. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 07 August 2005 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Parameters: // // Input, double V1[3], V2[3], the coordinates of the vectors. // // Output, double R8VEC_CROSS_3D[3], the cross product vector. // { double *v3; v3 = new double[3]; v3[0] = v1[1] * v2[2] - v1[2] * v2[1]; v3[1] = v1[2] * v2[0] - v1[0] * v2[2]; v3[2] = v1[0] * v2[1] - v1[1] * v2[0]; return v3; } //******************************************************************** double r8vec_dot ( int n, double a1[], double a2[] ) //******************************************************************** // // Purpose: // // R8VEC_DOT computes the dot product of two R8VEC's. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 03 July 2005 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Parameters: // // Input, int N, the number of entries in the vectors. // // Input, double A1[N], A2[N], the two vectors to be considered. // // Output, double R8VEC_DOT, the dot product of the vectors. // { int i; double value; value = 0.0; for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ ) { value = value + a1[i] * a2[i]; } return value; } //****************************************************************************80 double r8vec_length ( int dim_num, double x[] ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // R8VEC_LENGTH returns the Euclidean length of the vector X // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 08 August 2005 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Parameters: // // Input, int DIM_NUM, the spatial dimension. // // Input, double X[DIM_NUM], the vector. // // Output, double R8VEC_LENGTH, the Euclidean length of the vector. // { int i; double value; value = 0.0; for ( i = 0; i < dim_num; i++ ) { value = value + pow ( x[i], 2 ); } value = sqrt ( value ); return value; } //****************************************************************************80 bool s_eqi ( string s1, string s2 ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // S_EQI reports whether two strings are equal, ignoring case. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 05 July 2009 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Parameters: // // Input, string S1, S2, two strings. // // Output, bool S_EQI, is true if the strings are equal. // { int i; int nchar; int s1_length; int s2_length; s1_length = s1.length ( ); s2_length = s2.length ( ); if ( s1_length < s2_length ) { nchar = s1_length; } else { nchar = s2_length; } // // The strings are not equal if they differ over their common length. // for ( i = 0; i < nchar; i++ ) { if ( ch_cap ( s1[i] ) != ch_cap ( s2[i] ) ) { return false; } } // // The strings are not equal if the longer one includes nonblanks // in the tail. // if ( nchar < s1_length ) { for ( i = nchar; i < s1_length; i++ ) { if ( s1[i] != ' ' ) { return false; } } } else if ( nchar < s2_length ) { for ( i = nchar; i < s2_length; i++ ) { if ( s2[i] != ' ' ) { return false; } } } return true; } //****************************************************************************80 int s_len_trim ( string s ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // S_LEN_TRIM returns the length of a string to the last nonblank. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 05 July 2009 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Parameters: // // Input, string S, a string. // // Output, int S_LEN_TRIM, the length of the string to the last nonblank. // If S_LEN_TRIM is 0, then the string is entirely blank. // { int n; n = s.length ( ); while ( 0 < n ) { if ( s[n-1] != ' ' ) { return n; } n = n - 1; } return n; } //****************************************************************************80 double s_to_r8 ( string s, int *lchar, bool *error ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // S_TO_R8 reads an R8 from a string. // // Discussion: // // This routine will read as many characters as possible until it reaches // the end of the string, or encounters a character which cannot be // part of the real number. // // Legal input is: // // 1 blanks, // 2 '+' or '-' sign, // 2.5 spaces // 3 integer part, // 4 decimal point, // 5 fraction part, // 6 'E' or 'e' or 'D' or 'd', exponent marker, // 7 exponent sign, // 8 exponent integer part, // 9 exponent decimal point, // 10 exponent fraction part, // 11 blanks, // 12 final comma or semicolon. // // with most quantities optional. // // Example: // // S R // // '1' 1.0 // ' 1 ' 1.0 // '1A' 1.0 // '12,34,56' 12.0 // ' 34 7' 34.0 // '-1E2ABCD' -100.0 // '-1X2ABCD' -1.0 // ' 2E-1' 0.2 // '23.45' 23.45 // '-4.2E+2' -420.0 // '17d2' 1700.0 // '-14e-2' -0.14 // 'e2' 100.0 // '-12.73e-9.23' -12.73 * 10.0**(-9.23) // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 05 July 2009 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Parameters: // // Input, string S, the string containing the // data to be read. Reading will begin at position 1 and // terminate at the end of the string, or when no more // characters can be read to form a legal real. Blanks, // commas, or other nonnumeric data will, in particular, // cause the conversion to halt. // // Output, int *LCHAR, the number of characters read from // the string to form the number, including any terminating // characters such as a trailing comma or blanks. // // Output, bool *ERROR, is true if an error occurred. // // Output, double S_TO_R8, the real value that was read from the string. // { char c; int ihave; int isgn; int iterm; int jbot; int jsgn; int jtop; int nchar; int ndig; double r; double rbot; double rexp; double rtop; char TAB = 9; nchar = s_len_trim ( s ); *error = false; r = 0.0; *lchar = -1; isgn = 1; rtop = 0.0; rbot = 1.0; jsgn = 1; jtop = 0; jbot = 1; ihave = 1; iterm = 0; for ( ; ; ) { c = s[*lchar+1]; *lchar = *lchar + 1; // // Blank or TAB character. // if ( c == ' ' || c == TAB ) { if ( ihave == 2 ) { } else if ( ihave == 6 || ihave == 7 ) { iterm = 1; } else if ( 1 < ihave ) { ihave = 11; } } // // Comma. // else if ( c == ',' || c == ';' ) { if ( ihave != 1 ) { iterm = 1; ihave = 12; *lchar = *lchar + 1; } } // // Minus sign. // else if ( c == '-' ) { if ( ihave == 1 ) { ihave = 2; isgn = -1; } else if ( ihave == 6 ) { ihave = 7; jsgn = -1; } else { iterm = 1; } } // // Plus sign. // else if ( c == '+' ) { if ( ihave == 1 ) { ihave = 2; } else if ( ihave == 6 ) { ihave = 7; } else { iterm = 1; } } // // Decimal point. // else if ( c == '.' ) { if ( ihave < 4 ) { ihave = 4; } else if ( 6 <= ihave && ihave <= 8 ) { ihave = 9; } else { iterm = 1; } } // // Exponent marker. // else if ( ch_eqi ( c, 'E' ) || ch_eqi ( c, 'D' ) ) { if ( ihave < 6 ) { ihave = 6; } else { iterm = 1; } } // // Digit. // else if ( ihave < 11 && '0' <= c && c <= '9' ) { if ( ihave <= 2 ) { ihave = 3; } else if ( ihave == 4 ) { ihave = 5; } else if ( ihave == 6 || ihave == 7 ) { ihave = 8; } else if ( ihave == 9 ) { ihave = 10; } ndig = ch_to_digit ( c ); if ( ihave == 3 ) { rtop = 10.0 * rtop + ( double ) ndig; } else if ( ihave == 5 ) { rtop = 10.0 * rtop + ( double ) ndig; rbot = 10.0 * rbot; } else if ( ihave == 8 ) { jtop = 10 * jtop + ndig; } else if ( ihave == 10 ) { jtop = 10 * jtop + ndig; jbot = 10 * jbot; } } // // Anything else is regarded as a terminator. // else { iterm = 1; } // // If we haven't seen a terminator, and we haven't examined the // entire string, go get the next character. // if ( iterm == 1 || nchar <= *lchar + 1 ) { break; } } // // If we haven't seen a terminator, and we have examined the // entire string, then we're done, and LCHAR is equal to NCHAR. // if ( iterm != 1 && (*lchar) + 1 == nchar ) { *lchar = nchar; } // // Number seems to have terminated. Have we got a legal number? // Not if we terminated in states 1, 2, 6 or 7! // if ( ihave == 1 || ihave == 2 || ihave == 6 || ihave == 7 ) { *error = true; return r; } // // Number seems OK. Form it. // if ( jtop == 0 ) { rexp = 1.0; } else { if ( jbot == 1 ) { rexp = pow ( 10.0, jsgn * jtop ); } else { rexp = jsgn * jtop; rexp = rexp / jbot; rexp = pow ( 10.0, rexp ); } } r = isgn * rexp * rtop / rbot; return r; } //****************************************************************************80 bool stla_check ( string input_file_name ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // STLA_CHECK checks an ASCII StereoLithography file. // // Example: // // solid MYSOLID // facet normal 0.4 0.4 0.2 // outerloop // vertex 1.0 2.1 3.2 // vertex 2.1 3.7 4.5 // vertex 3.1 4.5 6.7 // end loop // end facet // ... // facet normal 0.2 0.2 0.4 // outerloop // vertex 2.0 2.3 3.4 // vertex 3.1 3.2 6.5 // vertex 4.1 5.5 9.0 // end loop // end facet // end solid MYSOLID // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 22 September 2005 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Reference: // // 3D Systems, Inc, // Stereolithography Interface Specification, // October 1989. // // Parameters: // // Input, string INPUT_FILE_NAME, the name of the input file. // // Output, bool STLA_CHECK, is TRUE if the file is legal. // { bool check; bool done; double dval; bool error; int i; int ierror; ifstream input; int lchar; int state; string text; int text_num; int vertex; string word1; string word2; state = 0; text_num = 0; // // Open the file. // input.open ( input_file_name.c_str ( ) ); if ( !input ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " Could not open the file \"" << input_file_name << "\".\n"; check = false; return check; } // // Read the next line of text. // for ( ; ; ) { getline ( input, text ); if ( input.eof ( ) ) { if ( state != 0 && state != 1 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " End-of-file, but model not finished.\n"; check = false; return check; } break; } text_num = text_num + 1; done = true; // // Read the first word in the line. // word1 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( done ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " No information on line.\n"; check = false; return check; } // // "Doctor" the text, changing a beginning occurrence of: // // END FACET to ENDFACET // END LOOP to ENDLOOP // END SOLID to ENDSOLID // FACET NORMAL to FACETNORMAL // OUTER LOOP to OUTERLOOP // if ( s_eqi ( word1, "END" ) ) { word2 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( !s_eqi ( word2, "FACET" ) && !s_eqi ( word2, "LOOP" ) && !s_eqi ( word2, "SOLID" ) ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " The tag END was followed by an illegal word:\n"; cout << " \"" << word2 << "\"\n"; cout << " when expecting \"FACET\", \"LOOP\", or \"SOLID\".\n"; check = false; return check; } word1 = word1 + word2; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "FACET" ) ) { word2 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( !s_eqi ( word2, "NORMAL" ) ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " The tag FACET was followed by an illegal word:\n"; cout << " \"" << word2 << "\"\n"; cout << " when expecting \"NORMAL\".\n"; check = false; return check; } word1 = word1 + word2; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "OUTER" ) ) { word2 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( !s_eqi ( word2, "LOOP" ) ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " The tag OUTER was followed by an illegal word:\n"; cout << " \"" << word2 << "\"\n"; cout << " when expecting \"LOOP\".\n"; check = false; return check; } word1 = word1 + word2; } // // This first word tells us what to do. // // SOLID - begin a new solid. // Valid in state 0, moves to state 1. // ENDSOLID - end current solid. // Valid in state 1, moves to state 0. // // FACETNORMAL - begin a new facet. // Valid in state 0 or 1, moves to state 2. // ENDFACET - end current facet. // Valid in state 2, moves to state 1. // // OUTERLOOP - begin a list of vertices. // Valid in state 2, moves to state 3. // ENDLOOP - end vertex list. // Valid in state 3, moves to state 2. // // VERTEX - give coordinates of next vertex. // Valid in state 3 if current vertex count is 0, 1 or 2. // // End of file - // Valid in state 0 or 1. // if ( s_eqi ( word1, "SOLID" ) ) { if ( state != 0 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " A new SOLID statement was encountered, but we\n"; cout << " have not finished processing the current solid.\n"; check = false; return check; } state = 1; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "ENDSOLID" ) ) { if ( state != 1 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " An END SOLID statement was encountered, but\n"; cout << " either we have not begun a solid at all, or we\n"; cout << " are not at an appropriate point to finish the\n"; cout << " current solid.\n"; check = false; return check; } state = 0; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "FACETNORMAL" ) ) { if ( state != 0 && state != 1 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " Model not in right state for FACET.\n"; check = false; return check; } state = 2; for ( i = 1; i <= 3; i++ ) { word2 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( done ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " End of information while reading a component\n"; cout << " of the normal vector.\n"; check = false; return check; } dval = s_to_r8 ( word2, &lchar, &error ); if ( error ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " Error while reading a component of the normal vector.\n"; check = false; return check; } } } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "ENDFACET" ) ) { if ( state != 2 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " Model not in right state for ENDFACET.\n"; check = false; return check; } state = 1; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "OUTERLOOP" ) ) { if ( state != 2 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " Model not in right state for OUTERLOOP.\n"; check = false; return check; } state = 3; vertex = 0; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "ENDLOOP" ) ) { if ( state != 3 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " Model not in right state for ENDLOOP.\n"; check = false; return check; } state = 2; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "VERTEX" ) ) { if ( state != 3 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " Model not in right state for VERTEX.\n"; check = false; return check; } if ( 3 <= vertex ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " More than 3 vertices specified for a face.\n"; check = false; return check; } for ( i = 1; i <= 3; i++ ) { word2 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( done ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " The value of a vertex coordinate is missing.\n"; check = false; return check; } dval = s_to_r8 ( word2, &lchar, &error ); if ( error ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " The value of a vertex coordinate makes no sense.\n"; check = false; return check; } } vertex = vertex + 1; } else { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " Unrecognized line in file.\n"; check = false; return check; } } // // Close the file. // input.close ( ); check = true; return check; } //****************************************************************************80 void stla_face_node_print ( int face_num, int face_node[] ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // STLA_FACE_NODE_PRINT prints the node indices for each face. // // Discussion: // // If the global variable OFFSET is set to 1, then it is assumed that // all indices are 1-based. In that case, this routine will print // face numbers from 1 to FACE_NUM. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 21 September 2005 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Reference: // // 3D Systems, Inc, // Stereolithography Interface Specification, // October 1989. // // Parameters: // // Input, int FACE_NUM, the number of faces. // // Input, int FACE_NODE[3*FACE_NUM], the nodes that make up each face. // { int face; int offset; int vertex; offset = stla_offset_get ( ); cout << "\n"; cout << " Face Nodes\n"; cout << "\n"; for ( face = 0; face < face_num; face++ ) { cout << " " << setw(6) << ( face + offset ); for ( vertex = 0; vertex < 3; vertex++ ) { cout << " " << setw(6) << face_node[vertex+face*3]; } cout << "\n"; } return; } //****************************************************************************80 double *stla_face_normal_compute ( int node_num, int face_num, double node_xyz[], int face_node[] ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // STLA_FACE_NORMAL_COMPUTE computes normal vectors for an ASCII StereoLithography file. // // Discussion: // // This routine computes the normal vector to each triangular face // in the STLA solid. If the nodes of each triangular face are // listed in counterclockwise order (as seen from outside the solid), // then the normal vectors will be properly outward facing. // // The normal vectors will have unit Euclidean norm. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 22 September 2005 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Reference: // // 3D Systems, Inc, // Stereolithography Interface Specification, // October 1989. // // Parameters: // // Input, int NODE_NUM, the number of nodes. // // Input, int FACE_NUM, the number of faces. // // Input, double NODE_XYZ[3*NODE_NUM], the node coordinates. // // Input, int FACE_NODE[3*FACE_NUM], the nodes making faces. // // Input, int FACE_MAX, the maximum number of faces. // // Output, double STLA_FACE_NORMAL_COMPUTE[3*FACE_NUM], the normal // vector at each face. // { int face; double *face_normal; int i; int n1; int n2; int n3; double norm; int offset; double v1[3]; double v2[3]; double *v3; offset = stla_offset_get ( ); face_normal = new double[3*face_num]; for ( face = 0; face < face_num; face++ ) { n1 = face_node[0+face*3] - offset; n2 = face_node[1+face*3] - offset; n3 = face_node[2+face*3] - offset; for ( i = 0; i < 3; i++ ) { v1[i] = node_xyz[i+n2*3] - node_xyz[i+n1*3]; } for ( i = 0; i < 3; i++ ) { v2[i] = node_xyz[i+n3*3] - node_xyz[i+n1*3]; } v3 = r8vec_cross_3d ( v1, v2 ); norm = r8vec_length ( 3, v3 ); if ( norm != 0.0 ) { for ( i = 0; i < 3; i++ ) { face_normal[i+face*3] = v3[i] / norm; } } else { for ( i = 0; i < 3; i++ ) { face_normal[i+face*3] = v3[i]; } } delete [] v3; } return face_normal; } //****************************************************************************80 void stla_face_normal_print ( int face_num, double face_normal[] ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // STLA_FACE_NORMAL_PRINT prints the normal vectors. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 18 September 2005 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Reference: // // 3D Systems, Inc, // Stereolithography Interface Specification, // October 1989. // // Parameters: // // Input, int FACE_NUM, the number of faces. // // Input, double FACE_NORMAL[3*FACE_NUM], the normal vector at each face. // { int face; int i; cout << "\n"; cout << " Face Normal Vectors\n"; cout << "\n"; for ( face = 0; face < face_num; face++ ) { cout << " " << setw(6) << face; for ( i = 0; i < 3; i++ ) { cout << " " << setw(14) << face_normal[i+face*3]; } cout << "\n"; } return; } //****************************************************************************80 void stla_node_xyz_print ( int node_num, double node_xyz[] ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // STLA_NODE_XYZ_PRINT prints the node coordinates. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 22 September 2005 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Reference: // // 3D Systems, Inc, // Stereolithography Interface Specification, // October 1989. // // Parameters: // // Input, int NODE_NUM, the number of nodes. // // Input, double NODE_XYZ[3*FACE_NUM], the normal vector at each face. // { int i; int node; cout << "\n"; cout << " Node Coordinates\n"; cout << "\n"; for ( node = 0; node < node_num; node++ ) { cout << " " << setw(6) << node; for ( i = 0; i < 3; i++ ) { cout << " " << setw(14) << node_xyz[i+node*3]; } cout << "\n"; } return; } //****************************************************************************80 int stla_offset_get ( void ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // STLA_OFFSET_GET gets the STLA offset. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 22 September 2005 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Reference: // // 3D Systems, Inc, // Stereolithography Interface Specification, // October 1989. // // Parameters: // // Output, int STLA_OFFSET_GET, the current value of the STLA offset. // This should only be 0 or 1. // { return stla_offset_value; } //****************************************************************************80 void stla_offset_set ( int offset ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // STLA_OFFSET_SET sets the STLA offset. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 22 September 2005 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Reference: // // 3D Systems, Inc, // Stereolithography Interface Specification, // October 1989. // // Parameters: // // Input, int OFFSET, the new value for the STLA offset. // This should only be 0 or 1. // { if ( offset != 0 && offset != 1 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_OFFSET_SET - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " Input values of OFFSET must be 0 or 1.\n"; cout << " Illegal input value was " << offset << "\n"; exit ( 1 ); } stla_offset_value = offset; return; } //****************************************************************************80 bool stla_read ( string input_file_name, int node_num, int face_num, double node_xy[], int face_node[], double face_normal[] ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // STLA_READ reads graphics information from an ASCII StereoLithography file. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 23 September 2005 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Reference: // // 3D Systems, Inc, // Stereolithography Interface Specification, // October 1989. // // Parameters: // // Input, string INPUT_FILE_NAME, the name of the input file. // // Input, int NODE_NUM, the number of vertices defined. // // Input, int FACE_NUM, the number of faces defined. // // Output, double NODE_XY[3*NODE_NUM], the coordinates of points. // // Output, int FACE_NODE[3*FACE_NUM], the nodes that make up each face. // // Output, double FACE_NORMAL[3*FACE_NUM], the normal vector // at each face. // // Output, bool STLA_READ, is TRUE if an error occurred. // { bool done; double dval; bool error; int face; int i; int ierror; ifstream input; int lchar; int node; int offset; int state; double temp[3]; string text; int text_num; int vertex; string word1; string word2; error = false; state = 0; offset = stla_offset_get ( ); text_num = 0; face = 0; node = 0; // // Open the file. // input.open ( input_file_name.c_str ( ) ); if ( !input ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " Could not open the file \"" << input_file_name << "\".\n"; error = true; return error; } // // Read the next line of text. // for ( ; ; ) { getline ( input, text ); if ( input.eof ( ) ) { if ( state != 0 && state != 1 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " End-of-file, but model not finished.\n"; error = true; return error; } break; } text_num = text_num + 1; done = true; // // Read the first word in the line. // word1 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( done ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " No information on line.\n"; error = true; return error; } // // "Doctor" the text, changing a beginning occurrence of: // // END FACET to ENDFACET // END LOOP to ENDLOOP // END SOLID to ENDSOLID // FACET NORMAL to FACETNORMAL // OUTER LOOP to OUTERLOOP // if ( s_eqi ( word1, "END" ) ) { word2 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( !s_eqi ( word2, "FACET" ) && !s_eqi ( word2, "LOOP" ) && !s_eqi ( word2, "SOLID" ) ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " The tag END was followed by an illegal word:\n"; cout << " \"" << word2 << "\"\n"; cout << " when expecting \"FACET\", \"LOOP\", or \"SOLID\".\n"; error = true; return error; } word1 = word1 + word2; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "FACET" ) ) { word2 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( !s_eqi ( word2, "NORMAL" ) ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " The tag FACET was followed by an illegal word:\n"; cout << " \"" << word2 << "\"\n"; cout << " when expecting \"NORMAL\".\n"; error = true; return error; } word1 = word1 + word2; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "OUTER" ) ) { word2 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( !s_eqi ( word2, "LOOP" ) ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; cout << " The tag OUTER was followed by an illegal word:\n"; cout << " \"" << word2 << "\"\n"; cout << " when expecting \"LOOP\".\n"; error = true; return error; } word1 = word1 + word2; } // // This first word tells us what to do. // // SOLID - begin a new solid. // Valid in state 0, moves to state 1. // ENDSOLID - end current solid. // Valid in state 1, moves to state 0. // // FACETNORMAL - begin a new facet. // Valid in state 0 or 1, moves to state 2. // ENDFACET - end current facet. // Valid in state 2, moves to state 1. // // OUTERLOOP - begin a list of vertices. // Valid in state 2, moves to state 3. // ENDLOOP - end vertex list. // Valid in state 3, moves to state 2. // // VERTEX - give coordinates of next vertex. // Valid in state 3 if current vertex count is 0, 1 or 2. // // End of file - // Valid in state 0 or 1. // if ( s_eqi ( word1, "SOLID" ) ) { if ( state != 0 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Warning!\n"; cout << " Model not in right state for SOLID.\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; error = true; return error; } state = 1; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "ENDSOLID" ) ) { if ( state != 1 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Warning!\n"; cout << " Model not in right state for ENDSOLID.\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; error = true; return error; } state = 0; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "FACETNORMAL" ) ) { if ( state != 0 && state != 1 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Warning!\n"; cout << " Model not in right state for FACET.\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; error = true; return error; } state = 2; if ( face_num <= face ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Warning!\n"; cout << " More faces being read than expected.\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; error = true; return error; } for ( i = 0; i < 3; i++ ) { face_normal[i+face*3] = 0.0; word2 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( !done ) { dval = s_to_r8 ( word2, &lchar, &error ); if ( error ) { return error; } face_normal[i+face*3] = dval; } } } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "ENDFACET" ) ) { if ( state != 2 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Warning!\n"; cout << " Model not in right state for ENDFACET.\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; error = true; return error; } face = face + 1; state = 1; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "OUTERLOOP" ) ) { if ( state != 2 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Warning!\n"; cout << " Model not in right state for OUTERLOOP.\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; error = true; return error; } state = 3; vertex = 0; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "ENDLOOP" ) ) { if ( state != 3 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Warning!\n"; cout << " Model not in right state for ENDLOOP.\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; error = true; return error; } state = 2; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "VERTEX" ) ) { if ( state != 3 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Warning!\n"; cout << " Model not in right state for VERTEX.\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; error = true; return error; } if ( 3 <= vertex ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Warning!\n"; cout << " Too many vertices for face.\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; error = true; return error; } for ( i = 0; i < 3; i++ ) { word2 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( done ) { error = true; return error; } dval = s_to_r8 ( word2, &lchar, &error ); if ( error ) { return error; } temp[i] = dval; } if ( node_num <= node ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Warning!\n"; cout << " More nodes being read than expected.\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; error = true; return error; } for ( i = 0; i < 3; i++ ) { node_xy[i+node*3] = temp[i]; } face_node[vertex+face*3] = node + offset; node = node + 1; vertex = vertex + 1; } else { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_READ - Warning!\n"; cout << " Unrecognized line in file.\n"; cout << " File line number = " << text_num << "\n"; error = true; return error; } } // // Close the file. // input.close ( ); return error; } //****************************************************************************80 void stla_size ( string input_file_name, int *solid_num, int *node_num, int *face_num, int *text_num ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // STLA_SIZE determines sizes associated with an STLA file. // // Discussion: // // This routine assumes that the file is a legal STLA file. // // To perform checks on the file, call STLA_CHECK first. // // Note that the counts for the number of nodes and edges are // overestimates, since presumably, most nodes will be defined several // times, once for each face they are part of, and most edges will // be defined twice. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 15 February 2007 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Reference: // // 3D Systems, Inc, // Stereolithography Interface Specification, // October 1989. // // Parameters: // // Input, string INPUT_FILE_NAME, the name of the input file. // // Output, int *SOLID_NUM, the number of solids defined. // Presumably, this is 1. // // Output, int *NODE_NUM, the number of vertices defined. // // Output, int *FACE_NUM, the number of faces defined. // // Output, int *TEXT_NUM, the number of lines of text. // { bool done; double dval; bool error; int i; int ierror; ifstream input; int lchar; int state; string text; int vertex; string word1; string word2; ierror = 0; state = 0; *text_num = 0; *solid_num = 0; *node_num = 0; *face_num = 0; // // Open the file. // input.open ( input_file_name.c_str ( ) ); if ( !input ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_SIZE - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " Could not open the file \"" << input_file_name << "\".\n"; return; } // // Read the next line of text. // for ( ; ; ) { getline ( input, text ); if ( input.eof ( ) ) { if ( state != 0 && state != 1 ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_SIZE - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << *text_num << "\n"; cout << " End-of-file, but model not finished.\n"; return; } break; } *text_num = *text_num + 1; done = true; // // Read the first word in the line. // word1 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( done ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << *text_num << "\n"; cout << " No information on line.\n"; return; } // // "Doctor" the text, changing a beginning occurrence of: // // END FACET to ENDFACET // END LOOP to ENDLOOP // END SOLID to ENDSOLID // FACET NORMAL to FACETNORMAL // OUTER LOOP to OUTERLOOP // if ( s_eqi ( word1, "END" ) ) { word2 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( !s_eqi ( word2, "FACET" ) && !s_eqi ( word2, "LOOP" ) && !s_eqi ( word2, "SOLID" ) ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << *text_num << "\n"; cout << " The tag END was followed by an illegal word:\n"; cout << " \"" << word2 << "\"\n"; cout << " when expecting \"FACET\", \"LOOP\", or \"SOLID\".\n"; return; } word1 = word1 + word2; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "FACET" ) ) { word2 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( !s_eqi ( word2, "NORMAL" ) ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << *text_num << "\n"; cout << " The tag FACET was followed by an illegal word:\n"; cout << " \"" << word2 << "\"\n"; cout << " when expecting \"NORMAL\".\n"; return; } word1 = word1 + word2; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "OUTER" ) ) { word2 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( !s_eqi ( word2, "LOOP" ) ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_CHECK - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " File line number = " << *text_num << "\n"; cout << " The tag OUTER was followed by an illegal word:\n"; cout << " \"" << word2 << "\"\n"; cout << " when expecting \"LOOP\".\n"; return; } word1 = word1 + word2; } // // This first word tells us what to do. // // SOLID - begin a new solid. // Valid in state 0, moves to state 1. // ENDSOLID - end current solid. // Valid in state 1, moves to state 0. // // FACETNORMAL - begin a new facet. // Valid in state 0 or 1, moves to state 2. // ENDFACET - end current facet. // Valid in state 2, moves to state 1. // // OUTERLOOP - begin a list of vertices. // Valid in state 2, moves to state 3. // ENDLOOP - end vertex list. // Valid in state 3, moves to state 2. // // VERTEX - give coordinates of next vertex. // Valid in state 3 if current vertex count is 0, 1 or 2. // // End of file - // Valid in state 0 or 1. // if ( s_eqi ( word1, "SOLID" ) ) { if ( state != 0 ) { return; } state = 1; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "ENDSOLID" ) ) { if ( state != 1 ) { return; } state = 0; *solid_num = *solid_num + 1; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "FACETNORMAL" ) ) { if ( state != 0 && state != 1 ) { return; } state = 2; for ( i = 1; i <= 3; i++ ) { word2 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( done ) { return; } dval = s_to_r8 ( word2, &lchar, &error ); if ( error ) { return; } } } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "ENDFACET" ) ) { if ( state != 2 ) { return; } state = 1; *face_num = *face_num + 1; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "OUTERLOOP" ) ) { if ( state != 2 ) { return; } state = 3; vertex = 0; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "ENDLOOP" ) ) { if ( state != 3 ) { return; } state = 2; } else if ( s_eqi ( word1, "VERTEX" ) ) { if ( state != 3 ) { return; } if ( 3 <= vertex ) { return; } for ( i = 1; i <= 3; i++ ) { word2 = word_next_read ( text, &done ); if ( done ) { return; } dval = s_to_r8 ( word2, &lchar, &error ); if ( error ) { return; } } vertex = vertex + 1; *node_num = *node_num + 1; } else { return; } } // // Close the file. // input.close ( ); return; } //****************************************************************************80 void stla_size_print ( string input_file_name, int solid_num, int node_num, int face_num, int text_num ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // STLA_SIZE_PRINT prints sizes associated with an STLA file. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 15 February 2007 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Reference: // // 3D Systems, Inc, // Stereolithography Interface Specification, // October 1989. // // Parameters: // // Input, string INPUT_FILE_NAME, the name of the input file, or the // name of the object. // // Input, int SOLID_NUM, the number of solids defined. // // Input, int NODE_NUM, the number of vertices defined. // // Input, int FACE_NUM, the number of faces defined. // // Input, int TEXT_NUM, the number of lines of text in the file. // { cout << "\n"; cout << " Sizes for STLA object \"" << input_file_name << "\".\n"; cout << "\n"; cout << " Solids = " << solid_num << "\n"; cout << " Nodes (may be repeated) = " << node_num << "\n"; cout << " Faces (triangular only) = " << face_num << "\n"; cout << "\n"; cout << " The index offset value = " << stla_offset_get ( ) << "\n"; cout << " Number of lines of text = " << text_num << "\n"; return; } //**************************************************************************** void stla_write ( string output_file_name, int node_num, int face_num, double node_xyz[], int face_node[], double face_normal[] ) //**************************************************************************** // // Purpose: // // STLA_WRITE writes an ASCII STL (stereolithography) file. // // Example: // // solid MYSOLID // facet normal 0.4 0.4 0.2 // outerloop // vertex 1.0 2.1 3.2 // vertex 2.1 3.7 4.5 // vertex 3.1 4.5 6.7 // end loop // end facet // ... // facet normal 0.2 0.2 0.4 // outerloop // vertex 2.0 2.3 3.4 // vertex 3.1 3.2 6.5 // vertex 4.1 5.5 9.0 // end loop // end facet // end solid MYSOLID // // Discussion: // // The polygons in an STL file should only be triangular. This routine // will try to automatically decompose higher-order polygonal faces into // suitable triangles, without actually modifying the internal graphics // data. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 22 September 1998 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Reference: // // 3D Systems, Inc, // Stereolithography Interface Specification, // October 1989. // // Parameters: // // Input, string OUTPUT_FILE_NAME, the name of the output file. // // Input, int NODE_NUM, the number of nodes. // // Input, int FACE_NUM, the number of faces. // // Input, double NODE_XYZ[3*NODE_NUM], the node coordinates. // // Input, int FACE_NODE[3*FACE_NUM], the nodes making faces. // // Input, int FACE_MAX, the maximum number of faces. // // Input, double FACE_NORMAL[3*FACE_NUM], the normal vector at each face. // { int face; int i; int node; int offset; ofstream output_unit; int text_num; int vertex; offset = stla_offset_get ( ); // // Open the file. // output_unit.open ( output_file_name.c_str ( ) ); if ( !output_unit ) { cout << "\n"; cout << "STLA_WRITE - Fatal error!\n"; cout << " Could not open the file \"" << output_file_name << "\".\n"; return; } // // Initialize. // output_unit << "solid MYSOLID\n"; for ( face = 0; face < face_num; face++ ) { output_unit << " facet normal"; for ( i = 0; i < 3; i++ ) { output_unit << " " << setw(10) << face_normal[i+face*3]; } output_unit << "\n"; output_unit << " outer loop\n"; for ( vertex = 0; vertex < 3; vertex++ ) { node = face_node[vertex+face*3] - offset; output_unit << " vertex "; for ( i = 0; i < 3; i++ ) { output_unit << " " << setw(10) << node_xyz[i+node*3]; } output_unit << "\n"; } output_unit << " end loop\n"; output_unit << " end facet\n"; } output_unit << "end solid MYSOLID\n"; // // Close the file. // output_unit.close ( ); return; } //****************************************************************************80 void timestamp ( void ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // TIMESTAMP prints the current YMDHMS date as a time stamp. // // Example: // // 31 May 2001 09:45:54 AM // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 24 September 2003 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Parameters: // // None // { # define TIME_SIZE 40 static char time_buffer[TIME_SIZE]; const struct tm *tm; size_t len; time_t now; now = time ( NULL ); tm = localtime ( &now ); len = strftime ( time_buffer, TIME_SIZE, "%d %B %Y %I:%M:%S %p", tm ); cout << time_buffer << "\n"; return; # undef TIME_SIZE } //****************************************************************************80 string word_next_read ( string s, bool *done ) //****************************************************************************80 // // Purpose: // // WORD_NEXT_READ "reads" words from a string, one at a time. // // Discussion: // // This routine was written to process tokens in a file. // A token is considered to be an alphanumeric string delimited // by whitespace, or any of various "brackets". // // The following characters are considered to be a single word, // whether surrounded by spaces or not: // // " ( ) { } [ ] // // Also, if there is a trailing comma on the word, it is stripped off. // This is to facilitate the reading of lists. // // Licensing: // // This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. // // Modified: // // 20 October 2010 // // Author: // // John Burkardt // // Parameters: // // Input, string S, a string, presumably containing words // separated by spaces. // // Input/output, bool *DONE. // On input with a fresh string, set DONE to TRUE. // On output, the routine sets DONE: // FALSE if another word was read, // TRUE if no more words could be read. // // Output, string WORD_NEXT_READ. // If DONE is FALSE, then WORD contains the "next" word read. // If DONE is TRUE, then WORD is NULL, because there was no more to read. // { int i; int ilo; int j; static int lenc = 0; static int next = 0; char TAB = 9; string word; char *word_chstar; // // We "remember" LENC and NEXT from the previous call. // // An input value of DONE = TRUE signals a new line of text to examine. // if ( *done ) { next = 0; *done = false; lenc = s.length ( ); if ( lenc <= 0 ) { *done = true; word = "\n";; return word; } } // // Beginning at index NEXT, search the string for the next nonblank, // which signals the beginning of a word. // ilo = next; // // ...S(NEXT:) is blank. Return with WORD = ' ' and DONE = TRUE. // for ( ; ; ) { if ( lenc < ilo ) { word = "\n"; *done = true; next = lenc + 1; return word; } // // If the current character is blank, skip to the next one. // if ( s[ilo] != ' ' && s[ilo] != TAB ) { break; } ilo = ilo + 1; } // // ILO is the index of the next nonblank character in the string. // // If this initial nonblank is a special character, // then that's the whole word as far as we're concerned, // so return immediately. // if ( s[ilo] == '"' ) { word = """"; next = ilo + 1; return word; } else if ( s[ilo] == '(' ) { word = "("; next = ilo + 1; return word; } else if ( s[ilo] == ')' ) { word = ")"; next = ilo + 1; return word; } else if ( s[ilo] == '{' ) { word = "{"; next = ilo + 1; return word; } else if ( s[ilo] == '}' ) { word = "}"; next = ilo + 1; return word; } else if ( s[ilo] == '[' ) { word = "["; next = ilo + 1; return word; } else if ( s[ilo] == ']' ) { word = "]"; next = ilo + 1; return word; } // // Now search for the last contiguous character that is not a // blank, TAB, or special character. // next = ilo + 1; while ( next <= lenc ) { if ( s[next] == ' ' ) { break; } else if ( s[next] == TAB ) { break; } else if ( s[next] == '"' ) { break; } else if ( s[next] == '(' ) { break; } else if ( s[next] == ')' ) { break; } else if ( s[next] == '{' ) { break; } else if ( s[next] == '}' ) { break; } else if ( s[next] == '[' ) { break; } else if ( s[next] == ']' ) { break; } next = next + 1; } // // Allocate WORD, copy characters, and return. // if ( s[next-1] == ',' ) { word_chstar = new char[next-ilo]; i = 0; for ( j = ilo; j <= next - 2; j++ ) { word_chstar[i] = s[j]; i = i + 1; } word_chstar[i] = '\0'; word = string ( word_chstar ); delete [] word_chstar; } else { word_chstar = new char[next+1-ilo]; i = 0; for ( j = ilo; j <= next-1; j++ ) { word_chstar[i] = s[j]; i = i + 1; } word_chstar[i] = '\0'; word = string ( word_chstar ); delete [] word_chstar; } return word; }