Book of Remembrances Alice Wandesford Thornton 2025-02-24 Cordelia Beattie Suzanne Trill Joanne Edge Sharon Howard King's Digital Lab 2025-02-24 Durham Cathedral Library Dean Comber Collection GB-0033-CCOM 38 Identified within Catalogue of English Literary Manuscripts 1450–1700 as *Tha6, noted as desribed within Surtees Society no.62 at p.xv and p.347 Autobiographical account of Alice Thornton one volume (three gatherings, ca.196p), boxed

Small amounts of text in hands other than Thornton's have not beeen included in main text of edition but are noted in editorial annotations.

Bound in worn, oversize covers

Year starts 1 January.

Year starts 25 March ("Lady Day" dating).

Year start date cannot be ascertained.

Dates written with two years separated by a slash.

Converted from a Word document

Thornton frequently uses the heart symbol instead of the word 'heart' in her books. See Cordelia Beattie and Suzanne Trill, ‘Alice Thornton’s Heart: An Early Modern Emoji’, Alice Thornton’s Books, 13 February 2023
2021-12-02T07:58:43Z Sharon Howard initial docx to tei conversion 2021-12-02 Sharon Howard upconvert script to cleanup output of docx2tei 2021-12-02 Sharon Howard clean up converted file 2021-12-15 Sharon Howard added structural tagging; mostly complete though a few remaining issues and queries 2021-12-17 Sharon Howard textual additions, deletions, etc. plus cleaning up some structure tagging; removing end of line filler. 2022-01-20 Sharon Howard persname/rs type=person/placeName tagging done (barring accidental oversights). XSLT added @n to people names 2022-01-31 Sharon Howard XSLT added person IDs to names with @ref. some tbd/multi to be completed. 2022-01-31 Sharon Howard date tagging first run, mainly where years are easy to find. 2022-02-01 Sharon Howard xslt added unique n to placeNames. 2022-02-14 Sharon Howard moved work to kdl repo 2022-02-16 Sharon Howard events tagging/xslt added unique n to milestone/anchor tag pairs 2022-04-27 Sharon Howard place tagging/xslt added place IDs with @ref 2022-05-03 Sharon Howard date tagging mostly completed; changed date attributes in B1 and BoR to use -iso versions for more options and better match with EDTF date formats 2022-05-10 Sharon Howard events tagging. added @n to div tags. redone @n for milestone/anchor pairs. 2022-05-19 Sharon Howard changed @*-iso date attributes to @*-custom and added Julian calendar stuff 2022-07-03 Sharon Howard events update and renumbered milestone/anchor @n pairs 2022-07-20 Sharon Howard added xml:id to marginalia note/fw to enable linking to text 2022-07-28 Sharon Howard final tweaks to div tagging and added xml:id (dropped @n) 2022-08-04 Sharon Howard added xml:id to paragraphs. todo: add xml:id to pb but these need to be renumbered first. 2022-10-04 Sharon Howard xslt added unique n to geog names. added n to previously overlooked place names. 2022-10-11 Sharon Howard xslt added place IDs to place/geog names. re-numbering of pages in pb tags (in xml:id). 2022-11-09 Sharon Howard fixed pb/@n numbering. 2023-01-19 Sharon Howard VARDed file using w/norm tagging. 2023-03-14 Sharon Howard Added xml:id to bibl quotes; mod capitalisation for bkrem20 2023-05-08 Joanne Edge Modernisation and standardisation tagging completed but not checked 2023-06-21 Joanne Edge Modernisation and standardisation tweaks 2023-08-03 Sharon Howard Updated anchors/endnotes to end of book. Not done terms/glosses yet. 2023-08-24 Sharon Howard Updated notes standOff 2023-08-27 Sharon Howard Added ref attribute to terms. 2024-02-01 Sharon Howard spanTo etc for event milestone/anchor tags 2024-09-19 Sharon Howard added poetry line numbers 2024-10-10 Sharon Howard updated endnotes and terms 2024-12-23 Sharon Howard updated quote xml:id 2025-02-02 Sharon Howard updated evs 2025-02-04 Sharon Howard updated endnotes and terms 2025-02-04 Sharon Howard BCP Other references
Title page of Book of Remembrances showing author's monogram.

Reproduced by kind permission of the Chapter of Durham Cathedral. Durham Cathedral Library, GB-0033-CCOM 38.

1 A booke of remembrances of all the remarkable deliverances of my selfe, Husband & Children, with theire births, & other remarks as conserning my selfe & Family, begining from the yeare. 1625. ATW
2
3

Alice Wandesforde, the fifth childe of Christopher Wandesforde Esquire & late Lord Deputy of Ireland. was borne at Kirklington, the thirteenth day of february, beeing munday, a bout two of the clock in the after noone, in the yeare. 1625. Baptised the next day.

Wittnesses, Mr Lassells, minister of Kirklington. Mrs Anne Norton and Mrs Best.

3 Lord, guide my heart, and give my Soule direction: Subdue my passions, Curbe my Stoute affections: Nip thou the bud, Before the bloome beginnes: Lord, the ever one, keepe me, from Presumptuous sinnes: Lord, lead me by thy hand into thy rest, And make me everto chuse what thou sest best.
4
5 Dedication. Ile dedicate my Soule unto my God: My Childehood, non-Age, youth, is by his Rod. To be directed, his Staffe to uphold. My Age, and riper years til it has tould. The gracious goodnesse of our blessed God. What he has don for me & by his word. Raised my drooping Spiritts offten times. Pardoned my Sinns, delivered me from Crimes. And by his bloodshed Purchased Heaven. For humblest Soules his Grace has given. Then on, my soule, doe not decline, This Heavenly Pilgramage devine. Rise up, my heart, to Heaven above And let thy Lord now Prove thy love. Spring up amaine and let his holy Spiritt give thee a Crowne of Glory to Inheritt. Then fly a pace, stay not behind. For to be drove by every wind And trifling. childish, foolish. Toyes. To interrupt thy lasting solid Joyes. which are ever liveing. never ending. where are pleasures worth commending.
6 Prayer. Then guide my heart, Lord, give my Soule direction, Subdue my passions, Curbe my stout affections, Nip thou the bud, before the bloome begins: Lord, ever keepe me from Presumptious sins. And make me Chuse what thou seest best, Lord, lead me by thy hand into thy Rest.

Amen.

7 observations.

These things be comely & pleasant to see, & worthy of honnor from the beholders; A young Saint. An old martyr; A Religious Souldier; A Conscionable Statesman; A great man Courtious; A learned man humble; A silent woman; A Childe undersand -ing the Eye of his Parent; A merrey Compannion without vanity; A friend not Changed with honnor; A Sicke man Cheerefull: And a departing Soule with Comfort and Assurance.

8 Prayer.

Lord, lead me through the Red Sea of this World, Into the Land of Promisse, Forget my manie iniquities, Pardon my Sinnes, which standeth As a cloud between thy most Gratious goodnesse and my. most extreame misery. for our Lord Jesus Christ, his Sake.

Amen.

9 1631

Forasmuch as it is the duty. of every true Christian to take notice of Almighty God our Fathe'rsFather's gracious dealings with them from the wombe, untill the grave burie them in Silence, & to keepe perticuler remem- -brances of his remarkable deliver- -ances of theire Soules & bodies, with a true & unfained gratitude to his majestie. I, therefore, humbly desire to furnish my heart with the deepe thoughts of his Love. mercys. & inconceavable goodnesse to me, his poore creature, even from the first beginng of my dais. &, with a thankfull heart, doe returne him the Glory for my birth, baptisme in the most holy name of God & education in that true faith by my Pieous & Religious Parents, who instilld the princepalls of his Grace into

Page 10 of Book of Remembrances showing omission sign in the margin.

Reproduced by kind permission of the Chapter of Durham Cathedral. Durham Cathedral Library, GB-0033-CCOM 38.

10 me with my milke. and, therefore, shall begin with the first mention of my deliverances, since my first know- ledge & remembrance, most worthy of a perpetuall memmory, which I hope shall bt not , end with this life but spring up to an Eternity of Haleiuias of praise to all Eternity. Amen.

1631

When I was left at Richmond in under the care & deare love of my beloved & gracious Aunt Norton, upon my fathers going to London. It pleased God to bring me into a very great weaknesse & sickenesse upon the accident of a surfit on some ill dejested meate, causing an extreame vomiting, whose violence drove me into a feavor & the measells, which brought me so low that my Aunt & Sara Tomlinson, our maide, allmost despaired of my Life.

11 1631

But it pleased the Lord in great mercy, upon the hearty Prayers & requests of my deare Aunt. that I was spaired &, upon the use of good meanes by his blessing thereon. I recovered my health perfectly again. Oh, that I may have my life given me for a blessing & that I may live to the Praise of his holy name: growing in Grace & the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ, beeing a comfot to my deare Parents & relations. & that I may dedicate my Childhood. youth. middle Age. & old Adge. if God shall spaire me so long, to his Glory & praise even to my lives end, Amen. & that for my Saviours Sake alone. the Alpha & Omega. Amen.

12 1631.

Beeing removed from Richmond to London, by my Fathers & mothers order to be with them. I fell into the Small Pox, haveing taken them of my brother, Christopher. we were both sent into Kent with Sarah, to one Mr Baxters house, wher we were being much beloved & taken caire for by them. And by the blessing of God, I recovered very soone, nor was I very ill at that time in thimthem. I will praise the Lord our God for my Preservation & deliverance that did not suffer that disseas to rage & indanger my life. not but Raised me soone to my Parents again. O, lett me speake good of the name of the Lord & magnifie his goodnesse for my selfe & my Brother.

13 1631.

After this, it pleased the Lord to begin to come into my soule by some beames of his mercy, in puting good Thoughts into my mind to consider his Great & miraculous Power in the Creation of the Heavens. the Earth & all therein. contained, upon the Reading of my daily Psalmes for the months, which hapened that day to be Psal 147, verce the 4th: He counteth the Starres & caleth them all by there names. from whence there came a foresable consid- eration of the Incomprehencable Powr & infinit majestie of Almighty God. who made all things. in the Hea- vens & the Earth. beeing above all his Creaturs in the world. & knew what was. 14 1631. In my heart & thoughts, & knew I was but a Child in Age & understanding. not able to doe any good thing. which caused a deepe & great apprehension & feare, with awe of his Glorious majestie, least I should offend him at any time by sin. against him or my Parents, & that he would punish all sinnes. it allso caused in me a love to him, my Creator. that had made me to serve him, & his per- rticuler love & grace to me, a little childe, in giving me understanding & reason to know there is a God that Ruleth in heaven & Earth, & to reward them that serves him truly. with Joy in Heaven that should never have end.

15 1632

There was a great fire in the next House to my fathers, in St martins Lane in London, which burnd a part of our house & had like to have burned our house, but was preventd through the caire of our servants. this was don at night when my father & mother was at court. but we were preserved in my Lady Levertons House. beeing carried by Sara thither. this fire did seeme to me as if the day of Judgment was come & caused great feare & tremblig, but we weare all delivered from Ruine by that fire, all though my Father had great losse. but blessed be the Lord my God, who gave us not over to this cruell Elament of fire but preserdpreserved us from all evill at that time.

16 1632.

It pleased God to give me a safe passage with my mother & her familie into Ireland a bout the yeir 1632: my Father beeing there before and sent for us over. where I injoyed great happinesse & comfort during my fathers life, and had the opportuni ty of the best education that Kingdom could afford in the sweete & excelent company of my Lord of SrafordsStrafford's Daughters. the most vertuous Lady Anne Wentworth & Arbella, learning those qualities with them my Father pleased to order me, as: The french language. writing, & speaking the same. Singing. Dancing, Playing on the Lute, & Thearbo. 17 1632, 331633, 341634 learning also all the other accomp -lighmets of working silkes & sweetemeats, & by my deare mothers vertuous provision, & caire, she brought me up in all those sutable to that quality as my Fathers child. But, above all these things. I accounted it my cheife happinesse in those Pieous. holy & religeous, instructions, Examples, admonitions, Teachings, reproufes, & Godly eduiation, tending to the Eternall happinesse. & Salvation of my poore soul, which I Receavid from. both my Hon.rdhonoured father & mother. with theire Chaste & sober Conversation in all things of this world. For all which things. & infinitly more opportunitys of Good to my wellbeing then I can expresse. I most humbly & heartily acknowledge my boundent duty of 18 351635, 361636, 371637. of thankes & Praise to the great God of heaven & Earth. in the first place, from whence comes every good & perfect gift, the Author & finisher of our faith. and next, I humbly acknowledge, my faith- -ful thanks & gratitude to my deare & Hon.redhonoured Parents for their exceading great love, & painesfull caire. & affection for the performance of theire part towards me. desiring of God to give me grace to live in holy obedience to all there goodness of God & theirs, & that I may perform my cordiall duty to them; in all godly honesty & righteous, in obeing my parents in the Lord, to the end. of theire Lives. Amen.

19 371637, 381638.

While we were in Ireland there was a fire in our house in Dublin, which by a providence was quenched with out much harme.

381638. About the time I was 12 years old. I was reading of the great wisdome of our Saviour in the Gospell, where he was disputing with the Doctors with so much power that he put them to silence. upon which place, in the reading thereof, beeing that day 12 y.years old. I fell into a deepe thought of the majestie of Jesus XChrist, who was able to confound the Doctors at that Age. And then I considred my childishnesse & folly that could not scarse understand meane & low things, & begged of him to give me knowledge, wisdome, & understanding to guide & preserve me to my lives end for his mercys sake. Amen.

20 1639.

Having come over into England with my d.dear mother to the bath for the stone, in our returne back to Ireland, August 22thnd, 391639. I, with the rest of the Ship & the passengers, was delivired from that great & terable Sormestorm in nesston water, where there was 5 ships cast away before we tooke ship. but the same great God that maketh the stomesstorms to seace brought us safly out of that storme. & caried us well to the Land, though in great fright & much distresse. I praise the Lord. who brought my soule out of the deepe waters & fathomlesse gulfe of waters. praise his holy name for ever & for ever. Amen.

I had a second preservation from drowning out of the ship at that time, when a cable had like to have puld me into the sea but for a ship man that saved me as I was halfe over. blesse the Lord, o my soule, & forget not the deliveranc. Amen.

21 1640, 1641.

It pleased God to call for my deare & Hon.redhonoured Father by a feavour of 6 daies contineuance, after a relaps by goeing to church & came sick home. who departed sweetly in the Lord, to the infint losse of me & the rest of our family, Dec. 3d 40December 3rd, 1640, at his house in dublin in Ireland.

Twas amongst the many 1000 of others Protestants in Ireland miraculously pre- -served from that Horrid Rebellion in IreldIreland which broke out, & was discovred in Dublin, Octb.October 3rd, 1641: but it was acted with bitter malice. & fury against the English in the country for many daies together, fire & sword to all in generall. till it was known to be prevented in Dublin. but we were tosed with frights & Alarms for 14 daies after, till my mother did get over with all her family to Weschester which, blessed be God in great & wonderfull mercy. we did & came safe to Land at Neston Beere house. from thence to the City of Chester.

22 1641, 421642, 431643, 441644.

I got the smale Pox att weschester of my brother John. & was very nere death with them. but blesed be the God of mercys who spaired my life at that time, allso. with my bro:brother John who had them, but a poore boy, F.Frank Kelly, died of them. then.

we were prevented from the siege at yorke by Mr Danbys advice beeing got halfe way thither, 421642.

I got a surfit at Richmond, with eating a peice of Lobster, 1643. that day I had taken Phisick. which had like to have proved my last. beeing brought exceading weak through vomiting 1643. & purging. but by the blessing of God upon Mr mahums advices & my mother And good Aunt Nortons caire I escaped & yet lives to render him the glory & praise of all his wonderfull deliverences & mercys. Blesse the Lord, o my Soule, and all that is within thee, praise his holy name for ever. Amen.

my Sister Danby died at Thorpe, SeptSeptember 10th, 1645, of her 16 childe. beeing a son named Francis, which I baptized.

23 1647, 481648, 491649.

My Cozen, Edmund Norton, maried Mr Dudlys Daughter & heire of. Chopwell. Jane Dudly. the 10th of February. 1647. at Chopwell.

My Cosen, Edmund Norton, died at Yorke of a pluresy, or stick in his side, the 30th of November: 1648.

King Charles the first beheaded at White hall, London, the 30th of Janeuary, 1648.

My Cozen, Julian Norton, died at Richmond Greene at her fathers, the 9th of Aprill. 1649.

my Cozen, John Norton, died at St. Nickolas.

my Uncle, Sir Ed.Edward Osborne, died at Keevetn of a surfit of eating mellons. beeing to cold for him.

24 1651.

my brother, George Wandesforde, was drouned Riding over the Swaile at Hipswell wath goeing to Richmond to my uncle, will.William wandesforde, the 31st of March 1651.

My Cozen, mary Norton, was Married to Mr John Vorke at her fathers house on the Greene in Richmond, the 12th of August 1651.

My Brother, Christopher Wandesford, married Sir John Lowthers eldest Daughter, Mrs Elleanor Lowther, the. 30th of September. 1651. at Lowther.

My Selfe, Alice Wandesforde, was married to William Thornton, Esquire, At my mothers howse in hipswell, the 15th of December. 1651. Maried by Mr Siddall.

25 1652.

I began my greate Sickenesse affter I came from Barne Parke the first time, about the 6th of August 1652 (& miscar- -ried of my first Childe, beeing a daughter, the 27th of the same, August 1652, being friday. & she was buried at Easby Church, neare Rich.Richmond the next morn ing): the efects of which sicknesse lasted by an Ague. feaver, & Jaundies 3 qrtersthree-quarters of a yeare: at hipswell.

Alice Thornton, my Second Childe, was borne at Hipswell, the 3rd of Janeuary, 1653 and Babtized the 4th of the same, 1653.

wittneses: my Mother, my Uncle Major norton and Cozen Yorke, his Daughter; she was borne on a Tuesday, betwen the houers of 5 and 6 a clocke in the affter noone. Christend by Mr Siddall. 4th.

Elizabeth Thornton, my third Childe, was borne at Hipswell, the 14th of februory 1654, being Wednesday. halfe houer affter 11 a clock in the forenoon, and 26 1654. was Baptized the 16th of February by Mr Antony. wittneses, my Mother, my Aunt Norton and my brother, Christopher wandesforde, Mrs Blacke burne stood for my Mother, being sicke then.

1655.

my Mother Gates died at Oswoldekirke of the voydance of blood the 10th day of may. 1655. & was buried at Stanegrave the 11th of may 1655.

my father Gates died at Hull, the 18th of may 1655. and was buried at hull, the 18th of may 1655.

27 1656

My brother. Richard Thornton, died in Dublin, in Ireland of the flux country desease, the 3rd of July 1656. & buried in St Patricks Church the next day.

Katherine Thornton, my fourth Childe, was borne at Hipswell the 12th of June, 1656. being thursday, about halfe an houer affter 4 a clocke in the affter noone, and was babtized the 14th of June. by Mr Siddall. wittnesses, my mother, my Neece KKatherine Danby, & Mr Thornton.

Elizabeth Thornton, my 3d child, died the: 5th of September 1656. betwixt the hours of 5 and 6 in the morning, of a cough gotten at first by an Ague. & much gone in the Riketts caused by ill sucke at 2 nurses. her age was 2one yeare 28 1657. 6 months &. 21 days. was buried the same day at Catericke Church by Mr Siddall.

I gotte a great fall over the Threshold in the hall at Hipswell, beeing great with Childe of my fifth Childe wanting but tenn weeks. before of my time, the 14th of September: 1657, which cast me into an ill fitt of a feaver, and the Jaundis about 3 weeks, very weake and likely to have miscaried, but it pleased God to restore me of Dr witty, who lett me blood, & I went to my full time. Blesed be the most high God Devsiserdeviser of Heavn & Earth &et cetera.

29 1657

I was delivered of my fifth Childe, beeing a goodly Sonne, uppon the 10th day of DecembDecember 1657, betweene the houres of 2 and 3 a clocke in the morning, uppon Thursday, haveing had very sore travel, in danger of my Life from that time in the morning on wednesday. caused by the Childs coming into the world with his feete first, and so caused him to be strangeled allmost in the birth. he lived about halfe an houer so died, and was buried in Cattericke Church the same day by Mr Siddall: he was Turned wrong in my wombe by the fall I had in Sept.September before.

30 1658

1658 The weakenesse of my bodie continued So great and long affter my hard Child birth of my sonne. that it brought me allmost into a consumtion. non expect -ing for manye daies together that I 1658 should at all recover. & when it was don, I was lame allmost a quarter of a yeare of my left knee, that I gott in my labour. but this was nothing to that which I have deserved from the hand of God if he, in much mercy, had not spared my life. The Lord make me truly remembre his goodnesse & that I may never forgett this above all his mighty & stretched out hand of deliverances to me, his poore Creature. that I may extoll & praise the Lord with all my soule & never let goe my hope from the God of my salvation, but live the remainder of the life he gives me to his hon.or and Glory, & at the last may praise him eternally in the heavens. blesse the Lord, o My soule, & forget not all his benefitts. Amen. Amen.

31 1659.

It pleased God to vissit my deare & hon.redhonoured Mother, the Lady Wandesford, with her last sickenesse upon Friday the 17th of november 1659: begingbeginning thenthe 18th, an execeeding great Cough tormenting her bodie by stitches in her breast, & short breathing; these stitches contineued a bout 14 daies, with the Cough hindreing her from almost any sleepe. when, upon the use of bagges with fried oates, butter & Camomiell chopt layed to her sides, the stitches removed, anyand the Cough abated as to the extreamity thereof. but then she was seized with a more dangerous suemtomesymptom, of a hard lump contracted in her stomack that laid on her heart; with great paine, & riseing up to her throat, allmost stoping her breath when she either swalowed any thing or laid to sleepe.

32 1659.

Which lumpe was conseaved to be contracted of Phleame & wind, in the Stomacke for lacke of voydance. : She had also an exiding sore throat & mouth, so that she was deprived of the benifitt to swallow all most any kind of food. Eaven to a little drop of beere, which was, for 4 daies or 5, the most she tooke inwardly. & that but with a seringe. The Toung & mouth at first was blacke. then turnd white, so that with the Paines my deare mother tooke in washing & clens- -ing the skinn came of like a calaccallous Toung, & was raw & red till the blood came. but this contineued and in the end grew with a white skinn all over.

33 1659.

In this condition of weakinesse was my deare mother, allmost quite with out food, rest, ease or sleepe for a bout a weeke, in which time, as in all her sickenesse, she expressed extraordenary great patience, still saing the Lord had sent it to her & non could take it from her. & if he pleased he could ease her & that the way to heaven was by the gates of hell, she was an example and patern of Piety, faith, & patience in her greatest torment. still with Godly instructions, gentle rebukes for Sin, a contineuall pray ing of Psalmes suitable for her condition, speakeing to God in his owne phraise & word, saing that we could not speake to him from our selves

34 1659.

in such acceptable a manner as by that which was dictated by his owne most holy Spiritt. When that any did pray for her, she desired they would not pray for her life, but that these should be the heads on which they should pettition God for her.

That the Lord would be pleased to grant her true, & unfained repentance for her sins.

To give her remission & forgivenesse through Jesus Christ her Saviour. To grant her faith in him, with the sanctification of his holy Spiritt; And, at last, to Glorifie her in hea -ven. which petitions, said she, 'whosoe -ver shall make for me. the Lord heare and grant the same'.

35 1659.

She had always a great & unfaind love for all Gods ministers. & offten desired their praiers, giveing great atten- -tion to them, haveing much comfort in her soule affter that ordenance. her desire was to receave the holy sacra- -ment, which she did with comfort the Thursday (was seven night before she departed) from Mr Peter Samois. allthough it was with great dificulty of swallowing. never tasting dry bread affter, for the weakeness. Her desire was to Mr Kirton that he would preach her funerall sermon, Text to be out of the 14th of Revelation, 13th verce. 'Blessed are the Dead that die in the lord'. & so to the end:

This blessed soule had the gift from God as to contineue, till the last breath, her perfect memmory, understanding, & great wisedome & Piety. 36 1659. Ever recomending her soule with de -sire to be desolved & so be with Christ. And all the friday night before she died, 'Come Lord Jesus, come quickely'. she, makeing Dafeny to pray with her the prayer which Dr Smith made in his booke for a Person at the point to dye & tooke great notice of each Petition, praing the same with Zeale and Earnest -nesse.

About Thursday, at night, she sent for her Children to take her leave. when Mr ThThornton. & my selfe came, & praied with her, & so tooke the sadesst Leave of my Deare Parent as ever Childe could, to part with so great a comfort, she praying for us, our Children. & all her freinds, with her blessings for us. both.

37 1659.

It pleased God she contineued till satterday, about noone, when she spoke to my uncle norton & re- comended her Children to his caire, with much good prayers for him & his, then tooke her leave of him.

Towards 6 a clocke at night, her speach failed & still she could lift up her hands to God. And Dafeny praied her that she would give them som signe that she found the comfort of Gods spirit in her soule, as with a taste of the Joyes of heaven, which she immeadiatly did. and lift up both hands & eies to heaven 3 times. &, closeing her Eyes her self. that sweet Saint fell asleep in the Lord. betweene the houers of 6 7 & 7 9 aClock at night, upon satterday the 10th of DecembDecember. 1659.

38 .1659.

She was interred upon Tuesday following, the 13th of December, in the Cheifest plase in her quire at Catrick Church, being Carried out of her house by the Lord Darcy. his sonne, Mr Coniers. Sir Christ.Christopher vivill & divers kindred of quality. then, from hipswell Green, her Tennants tooke her so to the tourstower's End of Catrick, where the minist ers apointed by her did carrier her into the grave Church, & so to the grave affter the sermon. The ministers names were.

Mr Samois. Mr Kirton, Mr Edrington, Mr Binlows. Mr Robinson, Mr Smith, Mr Farrer, Mr Brockell, Mr Parke. Dr Witty was her Phisician but could not come (only sent Dr Atie with diretisdiuretics For her). she had allso Dr Smith at the begining of her sicknesse. but liked him not:

(Enter her Praiers my mo.mother. made on Severall occansoccasions.)

39 1660

It was the good pleasure of God to contineue me in the Land of the liveing, And to bring forth my 6th Child, at St Nickolas, upon the 12th 1660. of Aprill &, affter hard Labour & hazardus, was in his mercy delivered of a strong, goodly Sonn about 3 or 4 a clock in the morning, being Tuesday: 12th April. 1660.

The Childe, being baptized that day by Mr Kirton of Richmond, called william.

sureties: my Cosen Jo.John Yorke: Co.cousin Will.William Norton. & Co.cousin Darcy of RichRichmond.

My pretty babe was in good hea -lth & Sucked his poore mother to whom my good God had given the blessing of the breast as well as the wombe of that child. but, on the friday senit, he began to be angr -y &, affter taking Gascoyns pouder, 40 1660. having had 3 houers sleepe, his face was full of roudround Red spots, like the smale pox, with white wheales contineuing in his face till night. & then, whether through cold or what else the Lord knows. they strooke 1660 in, and he waned sick all night and, a bout 9 a clock on Saterday morning, sweetely departed this life to the great discomfort of his weake mother. whose only comf- -ort is that the Lord had receivd hin to that place of rest in heaven where little children, beholdsbehold the face of theire heavenly father, to his God & my God, whom I humbly crave to Clence me from my sinnes by the blood of my Saviour & Reedeemer, and that my Soule may be bettred by these chastisments that hath 41 1660. Laid hevy upon me for these many yeares where in the Lord hath chastened & corected me but not given me over to destruction. his glorious name be Magnified for Ever. And I besech him to santifie these fatherly rebucks & make them profitable to my poore Soule to bring me nearer in communion with him selfe, that so I may be prepared for his glory. both in this world & the next, even for Christ Jesus his sonnes sake. amen.

My Childe was buried at Easby, in the same grave with his Eldest sister, by Mrs Kirton who preached of Sunday:

42 1660. Tax not thy God: thy owne defalts did urge. This two fould punishement. the mille. the Scourge. Thy Sinnes the author of thy selfe. tormenting. Thou grindest for Sinning. Scourdged for not repenting. I doe not begge a Slender inch to while. The time a way, or falsely to beguile, my selfe with Joyes. Heeres nothing worth a Smile. what'What's Earth. or in it, that longer then a minuit can lend a free delight. that can indure. Oh, who would droyle. or delve in such A Soyle. When gaine's uncertaine & the paine Is sure.
43 1661.

I began a dangerous sickness at oswoldkirke, affter my deare mother death, beeing caused by a cold I got in that church, causing a very great and violent vomitting upon shrove tusday 1661, feb.February 13th, so contineuing till I was not able to receave any kind of sustenance, beeing in an intermi -ting feaver, was compelld to send for Dr Wittie, which lett me blood, & gave many cordialls to strengthen my stomack, but nothing would stay with me. till I dranke a draught of cold water, which more refreshed my thirsty soule then what art could give, that night, beeing the 17th of feb.February, I did verily beleive should be my last in this life, beeing brought into exceeding great weakenesse of Body. but more of spirituall deser- -tion. apprehending my state to be 44 1661. in a lost condition, by reason of my sinns, & sorrows: satan accusing me, & casting multitude of doubts into my heart, As that: surely I did not belong to God because he follwd me with such great Crosses, Afflictions & troubles, which seemed to be Curses, rather then, such trialls as he used to lay upon those that were his children; & that. I had neglected all those off -er & tendirs of mercys which he had from time to time given me from my youth up. in the Examples, instruction, admonition of my deare Parents first, & then by his minnisters in the word & sacraments, his great deliverances all the daies of my life innumerable. yet all these had not wrought a through convertion & change of heart in me to walke acording to his motions 45 1661. by his spirit. & that now it was too late to hope, because I had driven it so long that my life was at an end (for ought I knew this was my last sommons), And that, allthough God was able to have mercy upon me: yet I had so offten fallen into sin & forget -fullnesse of of God; that he would not have mercy upon me at the last houer. these, with much more arguments against my poore soule. did that old serpent seeke to destroy my hopes of mercy, my owne consience framing arguments against it selfe joining with him as beeing consious of my owne unworthinesse.

In this most sad & heavy condition I was, haveing noe soule living that I could open my thoughts to nor receave any comfort for my heavy spirit: God seemy ly 46 1661. to forsake me, the deivell, accusing my Consience, my sicknesse & weakness theatingthreatening my desolution each minit. yet did I desire to cast my selfe soley at the feete of the most gracious God whom I had offended &, though he shoud kill me, yet would I trust in him for pardoing. & strengthing mercy. And it pleased him, in a most wonderful manner, to give me some comfort and stay, when I was almost past all hope, out of that blessed portion of scripture which our blesed saviour spoke in St Matthew, The 11th Chapter & 28, verces. 29, 30, which like light -ning pearced into the secrett of my heart & soule, bringng releife & some hopes of comfort. by his sweete & effectuall call: come unto me, all yea that labour & are heavy Laden; & I will give you rest.

47 1661.

I laboured under & was heavy Laden underwith the burden of my Sines. under the bandage of Satan, The one bringing me to slavery. the other of shame & torment, perswa -ding me time was past for any helpe. but, Loe, the Lion of the Tribe of Juda put to flight this Prince of darkness which deceaves the poore, weake Christian, Making him doubt of that rich goodnes that is Eternally in God as his very beeing, and at this very time Christ Jesus, the righteous, came into my thoughts with healing under his wings, makeing it a peare that satan was a lier; he calles, he invites; he perswad -es me to coamecome unto him: he it was that give me this scripture to stay my drooping heart, even ready to faint for want of spirituall food. I was weary. & he said 'come'.

48 1661.

I was faint & heavy Laden. he said, come unto me, all ye that Labor & are heavy Laden. & I will give you rest. Lord, if thou art pleasd to call all that are weary, that Labor, why should not I come. thou hast promised to give me rest, I need it, I want it, I cry unto thee, out of the whales belly of dispaire, 'O god, the father of Heaven, heavehave mercy upon me. o Christ, the Reedeemer of the world, have mercy upon me, & O Holy, blesed & glorious spirtt, have pitty upon me, O most glorious TriniityTrinity, 3 persons & one God, helpe thy poore, destressed, weake handm -aid plunged in the depth of sine & misery, which non but thy Almighty power is alble to helpe, deliver & save from the Jawes of the Devill. 49 1661. seeking to devour & make a prey of my soule, & as thy holy wisdome, O blesed Trinity, did set thy selfe on worke, by & through mercy, & Almighty Power, to find out a way for mans Redemption. of thy free grace, thou, o my deare Saviour, suffered the wrath of thy father upon the Crosse to purchase our salv- -ation. so now art thou pleasd to vanquish my grand Enimy by the Power of thy word to me. I beleive, (Lord helpe my unbeleife) that thou art as mercifull to me as others who fallsfall by sine, And yet art thou pleasd to give me plenty of calls. & comforts, who in my sad houer was a God of compassion. I come, o Lord to thee, with all my powers & faculties of my heart & soule. though weake yet with ana 50 1661. desire unfained, & hope of thy clemency & sweetest mercy. that it will not be in vaine that this thy word came into my heart. this was from thy goodnesse, to let me see that the Tmetime was not past to come unto thee. Thou most swetly calling me at that present when my heart was in doubt.

I come, o my god, and take up thy sweete yoake & follow thee. O, Learne me to be patient, meeke & lowly in heart, for thy yoke is easy, & thy burden is light. yea, thy wayes is perfect freedonne. Lett me for ever mak thee my patterne, my comfort, my life & direction, so shall I find rest to my soule. rest, o, how sweete is that word to my Languishng 51 1661. soule. O, let me find rest from sinneing, from offending thee. any more. It is too much that I have spent so many of my years in sin, Let me now worke for thee, love thee, delight in thee & feare nothing but thee, spending the remainder of my daies to the Glory of thy name. beeng nerenever more a shame to my profession as a Christian by my unprofitable life nor give Satan any more ad- vantage, to tempt my soule to sine, or despaire, and this I humbly begge for thy mercy sake, o blessed Jesus. Amen'.

52 1662

After this inestimable mercy, which my gracious God did give me in the sattisfaction of my spirttuall doubts. he was pleased to sufer my soule to receave comfort. & my body strengthened by degrees & by the use of good meanes till I had recovered in part my health, yet my strength was much imp -ared & for a quarter of a yeare I did not fully recover.

At which time I found my selfe with quick child, A blessing I could not hope, or Expect, after so dangerous & desperate a condition where in the Drdoctor did verily beleive that I could not retaine the conseption, after that violent extreamity of vomiting which loosened the wombe exceedingly. but blessed be the graicous goodnesse. & mercy of God, 53 166221662 which rebuked the feaver & gave me meanes to helpe the weaknesse of my nature, giveing me a fresh suply of all remidies fitt for my condition. & to strengthen the conseption. by Plait- -er on my backe, & belly, with the same directions that Dr wittie prescribed ( feb. 21 61 February 21, 1661 : which with Gods blessing prevall for a perfect recovery.

After I had recaidreceived my health & strength againe in this miraculous manner, beeing still at oswoldkirk, there hapned a very great anand Re- -markable deliverance to me of an other nature, but of as grand a consequence to my beeing, so much as my well beeing. & the Infants in my wombe. About the May following the bussnesse was this. I had bought 6 young steers, with some of the moneys 54 1662. that my deare mother had given me before her death which was 150l for my owne use. which steeres I intended for Mr Thorntons Draught &, in case I should die of that child, I made it my desire to Mr Thornton that he would pay those momyes which was agreed upon by my brot.brother Denton, which set the price betwixt us beeing 24l for the 6 steeres, (I allow ing Mr ThThornton. 4l- for the wintering them sinesince marts. Martinmas 611661 till may. day). I say he promised me to make a bond of his owne good will to my Mothers Excecutores for the said money to be paid: by him at the next micklemas. 611661: but it so hapned that Mr ThThornton. did draw the bond for martsMartinmas & not for micklemas as he first intended.

& I t his which he was pleased to ill manner from me. & fell very much offended. so that I was much troubled asat his displeasure in that kind & could not refraine from weeping. at that incident which I intended for his good should turne to evill betwixt us. but so, it pleased god to sufer Satan to Tempt (for my greater triall) that Mr Th:Thornton was in a very high passion against me for that perticuler mentioned & that I should weepe, as he said, on purpos to shame him, (which God knowes, it was not for such end, but that there should be that difference betwixt us upon so smale a cause).

Pages 56-7 of Book of Remembrances, showing excision on top left.

Reproduced by kind permission of the Chapter of Durham Cathedral. Durham Cathedral Library, GB-0033-CCOM 38.

his feete, beeing bigg with childe & in a very sad condition for this accident &, holding him fast, Intreated him for the Lords sake to take head what he did to him selfe, & that it was the devill which tempted him against him -selfe & me to destroy us all. praing him to take the goods, I would never owne any of them rather then he should be offended. & begged for Christ sake to put away that evill designe, & a las, if he should doe it, what woud become of his poore soule more worth then the world. & of his Infant, inocent in me, who would be questiond for his death & perhaps might suffer, 57 there beeing no wittnesses but God & my owne Innocency, still, I begging of God to hinder & prevent any thng that might hurt him, at last my ever gracious father in heaven, in mercy was pleased to with draw my husbond passionate hand against him selfe & us, & to apease his anger by degrees. but this unhapie accident wrought so infinitly with greeife upon my heart That I fancied I saw the very blood upon his pen knife, & had very neare gon to make me miscarry at that instant, but my mercifull God did preserve me at that very time from miscariege allso, O, what shall I render unto the Lord for all his goodnesse declared unto me, weake worme, unworthy to live upon the earth, or have such infinit mercys poured upon me. he heard my gronings at this time also, & delvreddelivered my husband 58 from his Evill intentions, & rash Act against his weake creature, his wife, & poore babe in my wombe. I confesse my folly had deserd a great pumishetpunishment but what had it don that should have suff -red with me. now, loe, the Lord God of Hosts was at hand to deliver in sec -ret & send helpe from a bove. theref -ore, praise. the great God on high & render, o my soule, all that is within thee to his holy name. that heard. & delivrd thee in thy deepe destrese. let not this nor any of his great mercys be forgotten by thee whilst thou lives. yet, it pleased God that this mercy should not be forgotten. he did, I be -leive) set a marke upon my sone Roberts heart for a note of his delivre at that time, for, when the Child was borne. he had a very strainge 59 Marke, just upon his heart, of sprinkles of blood, pure & perfectly distinct round spots, like as if it had beine sprinkled upon his skin, & the white perfectly apearing betwixt them. & in the midest thereof, as if it had beine cut with a knife, a longish cutt. In this forme it contineued for halfe a yeare in its ferfectperfect couler, beeing seene offtentimes by my selfe. Mr ThThornton. my brother Denton. my 2 sisters, & sev -erall others, with the nurse & servants. This changed into the shape of a perfect heart, all the spotts beeing contracte into one, in that forme. & couler. Then, by degrees, greew like a perfect 'T:' of the sam couler. & contineuud so, till the child was neare a yeares old. and then it grew blewish, &, by little & little, it went quite a way. and no apearance thereof left of it.

60 1662.

This allso must be imputed to the goodnesse of God. who would not leave such a remarke of our offence but gently to put us in mind of our folly & provocation of his wrath. I humbly offer my unfe igned thanks & praise to his holy name, which heard my humble suplication in this perticuler by removing this unkindly & unusuall remembrance, which caused greife at each sight there of. but yet, my Soule, doe not in the least measure prove ungratefull for the many mercys receaved at the hand of God; nor bury them in forgettfulnesse, & 61 unworthy walking before him all the daies of thy life but set this up as a Piller of praise to his majestie for ever. Praise the Lord, o my soule, & for get not all his benifitts, which hath not turned a- way his face from thy praier, butt grantergranted thy Pettitions.

After this sad accident befell me at Oswoldkirke; I had beyond ex- -pectation my strength & health perfectly restored unto me, so that I was able to walke to Newton a bout May or Jun, which was the time of our first settlement into the house; soone affter, Mr Thorntons bussinesse about Nettletons Suite, calld him to. London. 62 to Prevent Nettleton from breaking up an excecution against his Estate for a Deptdebt of my fathers (which Mr Thornton had beine advised by some to enter into & to ingage for, af ter he had infortunatly taken up -on him the Assignment of my uncle, maior norton of my fathers Estate In Ireland which was to pay his debts & Portions). A bussinesse, which I must cleare, both my Deare Mother & my selfe from. that we had noe hand in the least in it, to advise him there to which we knew was noe way suitable neither to his Person nor Estate, being of great trouble, & with out that which my. Portion ( being the pretence for it) was undoubtedly safe & secured by my fathers will, (he having at that time a lease of Land in KirklingtnKirklington 63 in Possession for the payment of the English Portion of 1500l, & the will impouring my husband for 1000l to be paid out of Ireland in its due order). but it so hapned that he was advised, with out our knowledge or consent, to ingage as formerly mentiond to Net -leton for 900l Pay able out of his owne Estate (in regard that he would not take security out of Ireland) & so hottly proseuted my husband that he was forced to procure monnyes, & had payd him the 900l & a bove, yet, the bond not beeing takin in, he demanded 1000l over. the statute was for, &, when Mr ThThornton was at London, got by some unjust meanes an Excecution broake up, and one morning sent his owne man, with 4 balifs, to sease upon all our goods, mony, Plate &et cetera, till he was sattifed.

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at first, they demanded 800l then to be payd. but at last they fell to 200l which they would have, or Plate as much worth. This accident was indeed very afflicting to me in that cond- -ition, bigg with child, also knowing Mr thThornton. went up to prevent the sam. it had well nigh gon neare to have caused me with greife to have miscard, what for the unjustnesse thereof, & disgrace that redounded to us in this bussinesse; but, as it pleased God, there was 100l of Mr ThsThornton's at that time in the house, newly come ine, and 57l of my owne (which my d.dear mother gave me. that stoped theire mouths at that present, or else it might have proved farre worse with me at that present. when they might have 65 Taken away my bed frm under mee & those quick goods my dear mo.mother gave for my releife & childrens. these men were very boysterous, & rude, threatning to take my Person if not sattisfied. Loe, in what a sad case was I then in. &, but that it pleased God to give me Releife, I had not scaped with my Life. &, by reason that I feared the neglect of this bussnes to fall out thus, it did some what arme me with patience to indure it better, haveing thoughts of it before. thus, have I, upon evry occassion & act of my life, fresh cause to speake good of the Lord, who, though he pleases to suffer men to afflict me all maner of waies, yet with the aff liction he maketh a way to escape. & does not permit more to be laid upon me: 66. these he gives me strength, & assista- -nce to goe through. therefore, will I give thankes unto his name & speake of his praise in the Land of the Living that hath not yet given me over to deat- h & bonds. I humbly Trust in conf -dence of these, his mercys, that he will make a way for me to Escape, & will looke upon my affliction & Trouble. which I suffer from the unki- -ndnese of my owne freinds & relations of the flesh, giveing me a double Portion of Grace for that I am de- -prived of the Portion & provission of my father. by these unjust means against my selfe & poore children, whose Portion & inheritance I trust the Lord will be forever. (Remembr my Dreame of Nettletens Baylie this morning before they came. & my fall downe the staires when Celia Danby fell & I helped hir when Co.Cousin Covill was heere.)

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After this, drawing neare a month of my delivery. it behoved me to looke with a more narrow search into my soule & examine how things went with me theire. whoes time of life mighmight very brobablyprobably be very short. this beeing now my seaventh Child which God had given me to conseave. I had more strong apprehensions of a change in regard it was, both my husbands mother number. & my owne. did more feelingly worke with me. therefore, as at all times, death waits for us. yet, more usuall it is for us to expect at these strange & miraculous times especially as they have beeine to me, more then many. motives I had great plenty to examine my oune waies. by reason of my sorrowes I had camecome upon me 68 in the whole course of my life, & of thankfullnesse to God for the daly renuall of the same.

I found, by sad experiencs, that the many troubles had fallen upon me of this world had diverted my stricter cours of walking with my God as he had required at my hand. & that I had many times broken those solomner vowes of Baptismall, & sacrament -all to frequently. & too offten by negligence, worldly imployments, & willfull sines. so that I had great impulses upon my heart. & desires to renew this grand ordenance of God, & in true & unfained repentance, faith, hope & charity. to be maid a pertaker of this strengthning. this comforting 69 & confirming, holy Sacrament, which my blessed Saviour lefft us as his dearest pledge of his love. who laid downe his Life for siners, that sined not, that became poore that We might through his grace be made rich.

I had not the happie oportunity to reieareceive this communion but once since my drdear mothers death, although my soule had much longed for it. by reason that the ministers on this side had not given given the same for many yeares during the warres. So that I caled to mind that holy man, Dr Samwaies, which did last give the sacrament to my blesed mother. & I desired his company to Newton, who accordingly did come, & bring my Cossn, Ben.Benjamin Browne, along. when we (with Mr ThThornton. my neece, Anne Danby, 70 & divers others) did receave the pledg, I hope, of our Salvation from his hand by which I was much comforted, & helped, inlivened, & quickned from that black vaile & cloude of sine that did seeme to quite extingwist the hope of my eternall salvation.

This most excelent & spiritull mercy was not the least. but greatet I aphrended to receave from God, fare surpassing all temporalls inasmuch as Eternity does this finite beeinge. O, that my heart would breake in peices at the joyfull remembrance of this renewing mercy, wherein God was pleased to be come my reconsiled God in & through my deare Redeemers blood shed upon the Crosse.

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And that my soule might forever sing unto him Aleluiahs of praise in heaven, with Angells & Arch Angels. & all the Host of Heaven, I heere prostrate my Soule before the Throne of Grace. that hath shewed me his poore, weake handmaid shush such hopes, such mercys, & oportunitys of making my caling & ellection sure. And he will for his gracegrace's sake full -fill in me the full Perfection of Glory with him in heaven. to behold the holy Trinity with Joy, & doe his will perfectly there. which I cannot (by reason of my many frailtys & sines) doe in this world, but weakly & imperfectly. but, o, that I might be freed from this pour of sine that it may not get dommin oiverover me to dishonour the name of my God. Amen.

72 1662 After I had obtiened this mercy & sattisfaction to my porre Soule of pertaking of the Lords Supper, &, in the best manner & me asure I could, prepared my selfe to be in readinesse when my God should call for me out of this mi -serable world. I thought it my duty allso in the next place to settle those things which conseildconcerned my Childre -ns Provission for the future, both in respect of what was given to me by goodnesse of my deare mother (to dispose of as I should see fitt to such children as I knew best deserving at my death, or otherwise), as Also to be ameanes to Mr ThornThornton that he would make a firme settleme -nt of what was agreed upon, 73 of his Estate with my mother, in and by the Articles drawne betwixt them before my Marriage. which till then was not perfectly don, but that, in case of my death, it might not only breed scruples, but as it might happen, might be altogether dispo- sed from my owne poore Children to the Children of any other wife. the sence where of did somewhat trouble me. how I should find out one that would deale impartially as conserning the faithfull Estating of this buissinesse, & to doe right to all parties. beeing in a strait what to doe & haveing joyned in a fine to cut of the first settlement & so brought my selfe into a worse condittion, till a better was made.

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I found that the offten experience of the failing of the things of this life had brought our Estate into an incertaine condittion & daily our Estate was leserned. and those momyes left me by my deare mother was laid out for Mr Thorntons use with which I could have helped my daughters, to the soume of 300l so beeing gon. & the Estate of Burn Parke sould and those momyes disbursed for Debts, together with my owne 1000l Portion which was settled by Articles. & bond before marriage upon my selfe & children. Also was to be sett over for debts, &et cetera, all to cleare Mr Thorntons Ingagments which I was noe way guilty of drawing him into. these things did much 75 conserne me at this time. & made me with feare looke upon the sad & Ruinous conditin I was like to leave indeed all my poore Children in, by reason of this unsettlemet either for Provission of maintenance or Portions. also, looking on my selfe in a dieing condittion, beeing in every Child birth so extreamely weake & hazardehazardous. Nor had I in this Place none of my owne relations to advise with or be assisted by, I thought my case very sad, as also I was very unwilling to disclose any of these secretts concering our Estate to others, I powred out my complaints & cause before the great God of Heaven, in whose power it was alone to give us helpe & assistance, (both as to the inabling us to pay off his Just debts, as allso to give me a sattisfaction in the settlement of Mr Th.Thornton's Estat upon my Children for provission). &, therefore, to him for releife a lone, I on my bended knees, 76 1662 I humbly cast my self at the Throne of Grace, who had ever bin my guide & director in all my waies & in every grand action of my Life when I made my earnest addresses. to him; so my pettitions & requests to the Almighty was that he would direct me in this greatest Temporall consernes for the good of my Children; that he would please to put in to my heart what course to take & to direct me to such meanes as should be for this very end, that I might goe to my grave in Peace; having seen the mercyfull Provission of God, in a hopefull way settled for theire futur Provission & maintenance. in this world. And imeadiatly after this praier to God, there came into my 77 thoughts my Co.cousin Covill whom was a very able Person. & a faithfull frind to us. he, I sent for, &, by the blessing of God, was suffred to make such a comfortable settlement, through Mr Thorntons love & great affection to me & mine, that I hope it will endure for the satisfaction of all just Person in justice & equity, making provission for the younger Children of so well as the sonne & heire (if God did please to give me one).

which was don to my great content & sattisfaction that I might more Joy- -fully leave this world, then to have gon out unworthily to the fruit of my owne wombe. who had given away all my Portion from them & theirs. never to have beine better for 2500l of my owne Portion, having 78 given it to my husband & for his debts & use. so that had I not inde -vered some part of satisfaction for the Children that God had given me I had beine unworthy to have borne the name of a mother which had left them in an unsetled cond- ition for all that fortune which God & my owne Parents had mercifuly given me. So that, although it may be said I have don lesse for them then my owne fortune considered. yet it is sufficient that I have don what I can, in respect of their fathers Estate, loaden with many burdens, & what I could for the satisfaction of my owne Consience. And blesed be God who gave me space, and oportunity for the same.

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Almighty God, the wise disposer of all good things both of heaven & earth. who sees what & how much of the comforts of this mortall life is fit for us to injoy in this Earth. did at last give me such a mercy & deare comfort affter all the severall aflictions I had passed: As I noe waies could hope for or expect. makeing me a Joyfull mother of a sweete Son. borne at ful time. though with hard travill & great perill to my life.

I Was delivered of my Sonne, Robert Thornton, upon Friday the 19th of Sept -ember 1662. borne at Easte Newton, my husbands Cheife house, wher being the first child that ever I bore at his house. he was borne betwixt the hours of 8 & 9 a clocke at night, having beine in Labour since the night before till that time. he was my seventh Childe.

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But, as though this mercy should not goe alone, without its rememb -rancer or severe monitor to my unbridled passion of Joy. & that it may prove the more cautious to me. not to set my Affection too much on things below. It pleased the great God to lay on me, his weake handmaide, an excee -ding violent weakenesse. beginng a little after my child was borne. by amosta most Tirrible flux of blood after his birth. with such excessive floods all that night, that it was tirrible to those about me. & brought me into a most desperate condition without hopes of life. spirits. soule & strength seemed all to be gon from me. & my husband & frinds had taken theire fairewell. In this most de- plorable condition, I lay severall 81 houers together. not beeing able to utter one word. all the meanes they could doe in such a fright was don but did not availe.

It pleasd my gracious Lord at last to bring into my remembrance a pouder, which I had formerly by his blessing don good to many in the like kind. so, I gott out the name of it to my Lady Yorke, with much adoe to be heard for my weak nesse was such. but affter she had given me some of it, I found the good effect of it thorough the tender mercy of my Redeemer. who healed all that came to him. by it, he helped me. some what, so that the flux was a little staied by degrees. till Dr Wittie was come. soe, upon the same blessing & use of the meanes, I was spaired at that time but brought soe weake that the remander 82 lasted till Candlemas affter by fitts upon me.

But, oh, o Lord, wherefore are thy miraculous mercys thus continedcontinued to so vild a worme as my selfe. Doubtlese to sett forth thine Almi -ghty Power, Glory. & Infinit Perfection. that can Raise from death, & bring to the Grave in a -moment.

O Just and deare God, I humbly & prostrate lie at thy footstoole of mercy, giving thy divine majesty All possible thankes, power, prayse, dominion, Glory, & what ever can be by the toung of men & Angells given to thy most Glorious Majesty, King of Kings & lords. the only giver & preserver of my soule. 83 And body. the one from spirituall, the other from temporall. & Eternall Death. Let not, glorious Trinity, this death, joyned with the others I have beine preservd from, be forgoten, but seale it with Indelvableindelible carracters of remembrance upon my soule & body. how can I suficienty set forth thy praise that cannot exprese your mercys? O, Let the holy spirit inspire my heart to utter forth thy holyness, goodnesse, loving kindnesse of the Lord and that for ever. in this life & that which is to come.

doe not forget, o my sad soule, what the Lord hath done for thee times without number. o, let me live to magnife thy name day & night, & let this be an argument of thy favour to me. for Jesus Christs sake. Amen.

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Yea, the Lord god had pittie upon my distresse & gave me after this a compotency of health & strength to be able to give my Childe sucke. which by his blessing I did till Robin was about 2 yeares old. (he contineu -uing very health full & strong. so that my sorrowes much abated). thus, may I sing a new song of giving & praise to God on hie. who had compassion upon the vildest of his creatures. with my mouth will I ever sett forth his praise and tell of his marvilous greatnesse. from day to day. Let this stand as a Piller of gratitude, which I errect for all the deli -verances I have had & my Children, both in soule & body. the living, the liveng, he shall praise thee in heaven & Earth.

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My Sonne, Robert, was baptized on Satterday the 20th of September: 1662 by Mr Luckock at Newton. his Godfather & Godmother were my Lady Cholmely: Dr wittie: & Mr Thornton for my Nephew Best:

The God of All consolations & comforts preserve his life & health. with the opor -tunitys of vertuous & holy Education, that he may be the instrument of greate Glory to God, comfort to his Parents & relations. & for the building up in Righteousness & holinesse his fathers Family. to Possterity for many genera -tions. And at the end of his life. he may receave the Comfort of a sanctified old Age. with a Crowne of Glory to praise his Reedmerredeemer & mine, for ever & ever: finding what the goodnese of God has beine to me in giveing me the request of my heart, & 86 631663 beeing receaved by & from the mercy of a gracious father, who hath at length bestowed on me, his handmaid, this hopeshope of the contineuce of my Memory: by a blessed son of my wombe. having obteined him from god by the fervent praires & teares of a poore mother: To thee, o Lord, I dedicate this Childe, the sonn of my wombe. Let him be ever in thy sight for good. & stablish thy covenant with him made to Abraham & the faithfull. As thouethou hast given him the signe of it, so, most mighty. give him the true grace. that he may be established before thee, both heere & heereafter, That for Jesus Christ, our Ever blesed saviour: & Reedemer. Amen. Amen.

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After that Robin was 2 years old, Mr Thornton went to London. where he had a great deliverance from a flood of waters in his coming home. great are our obligations to God Alm- -ighty for our lives, many times givn us. which affords me new occasions of glorifing the Eternall Lord. &, therefore, with my Toungue will I ever be setting out his praise.

who brought us safely to meete again with Joy to injoy these temporall comf- -orts of each others Love. this is the goodnesse of our God.

Oh, that we might make a right use of these temporalls, that we finaly lose not the hopes of his eternall mercys for ever in heaven. which his saints & Angells doe now inherit.

Amen.

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It pleased my gracious God. to give me a new hopeshope of a com -fort, (although these mercys are accompaned with thorny caires & trubls. I was contineud in much health & strength all a long while I was with childe, till a bout a fortnight before I was delivred. when the pangs of child bearing was oft remembring me, but it was the good pleasure of God to give me a safe. though very sharpe, delivery. after a day & a nights travell. I was hapie in a goodly, strong, sweete Childe. A daughter: yet, after I came in bed, I had a great flood, as of Robin, which did well nigh cary me away. but by the mercy of God, I had a remidy ready from Dr wity 89 1665 & so prevented, by Gods blessing, the extreamity from falling on me. And I had a better recovery of this Child then ever of any. for ever blessed be. the Incomprehensable Lord God of Pitty & compassion to spaire me, a wretch. and did give me the blessing of the brests, allso. add =ing holy strenth to my self & Infant. O my Lord God, accept, I beseech thee, the humble addressess of my Soule & body, & give me a thankfull heart to rejoyce in thy salvation. non but thou a lone, o father of mercys, could raise me up. my sinnes had prevailed but thy infint clemency & mercifullnesse is above thy Judgments. o Lord, therefore, will I magnifie thy name for Ever. Amen.

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My Sweet Childe, Joyce, which was my Eith Eight childe, was borne on Satterday a bout 4 a clocke in the after noone. on September the 23thrd, 1665, and she was baptized on the 28th day:

Her Godfather was my Lord Frechail, by Mr Comber who stood for him. Mr Rich.Richard Ledgard. Mrs Graham & Mrs Cholmely.

It pleased my gracious Father still to give me much comfort in the nursing of this childe, having receaved more strength to inable me for that service: she growing strong & thriveing well, through the blessing of God upon my endevours, to performe this duty. therefore, doe I praise the great God of my Life. for this temporall mercy also, for all good comes from him.

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But peradventure I might be too much lifted up by this mercy. & there -fore, it seemed good to the most wise providence of our Creator. to lay a very sad affliction upon Mr Thornton & my selfe in a most dangerous sickenese seizeing upon him as he was at Yorke about the 16th of novemb.rNovember 1665, when he could not come home because of the violency of cold, & the prevaling distemper growing more upon him in his Jorney. so that he was forced to be at Stersby, my sister Cholmleys house.

For three daies that greevious distemper of the Palsey. convolsions. and feavour was so high upon him, that notwithstanding all remidies that could be used by Dr wittie, that he was not capable to assist himselfe or indeed some times of what others did for him. it seeming to all his freinds there present that hee was more like to die. then hopes of life.

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The sudaine newes of his condition beeing made knowne to me, when I expec -ted to have receavd him home in health, did so surprize my spirits, that I was broug -ht into such a passion of sorrow & griefe, g in to greater weakenesse of body. then I had ever knowne in all my former weake -nesses and troubles. in so short a space, so that I did simpathize very deeply in his in his sufferings. beeing deprived of doing my Duty in his extremity. or be helpful to my selfe. nor had I any hopes of the sparing of either of our lives as to outward apearance. but only in the great & mirac -ulous, mercy of the fountaine of Goodnesse, The Almighty God of heaven. who turneth man to destruction. & saith returne againe from the grave the children of men. nor had I any comfort, or friend that could assist me in my sorowes at that time. save what I had. in. & receaved by the praiers and 93 Assistance, advice, & councell of Mr Comber, whom my gracious God had givn me at that time to be a meanes to suport my fainting spiritts under this most sad afflicti -on. when my father & mother forsooke me (by death) the Lord taketh me up. & suportes me from falling totally. though he sufers me to be brought very low. & that justly for my transgressions & offences. yet hath he not given me over to death or despaire.

Looke, when we were the nearest death, behold the goodnesse of God was intreated for us to restore both our lives and let me ever return him the glory of his power. & the returne of our Prayers. be ascribed to his majestie. that imm -eadiatly gave us a hopeshope of recovry upon our calling upon his name. for that evryvery day my husband did miraculously change, & each day recovred so fast that it was a wonder to all beholders. Oh, what shall I say or doe to set forth the infinit mercys & loving kindness of the Lord our God:

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who still, in the midest of Judgment, remembers mercys. & shewes his compassion upon his poore Creatures. O Lord God, thou King of Glory & Power, just are thy judgments. whether spirituall or Temporall. thou hast chastised me very sore. & all thy stormes are gon over my head. but surely I have offended & don a -miss. either in negligence, or remisnesse of duties or some other way, or other forgett -ing thy former. delivrances; therefore, hast thou seene fitt to correct me in this manner. But yet, give me grace to have a sanctified use of this affliction upon our bodies. & grant that this may may be for the good & profitt of our soules,. & that I may say it is good for me to be afflicted. grant that I may receave instruction. to my soule. and that thy loving correction may make me humble. & thankfull. I heere, from the botome of my unfained soule & heart. lift up my voyce 95 to adore, & praise, & magnifie thy great & glorious name. thou, o Lord, art holy; thou art just, wise, Omnipotent, Almighty and infinitly full of compassions towards thy fraile creaturs. we sin & thou chasti- -seth us into obedience. if thy mercy will not move, thy rod must correct. O, Lett us not forget, or slight this delivrence to us both. but, more especially, let it never slip out of my mind but write this upon the table of my heart. that the Lord has added added this new Life of my husbands at my humble request, & given us both fresh and eminent cause of gratitude to his majestie. to thee, o Lord, holy Trinity, doe I dedicate my soule & all its facultis to be a sacrifise of praise. Let me not fall into any sins to offend or displease so loving a father. who did not cast me a way in distresse. Blessed be the Name of our Reedemer, by whoes intercession. & passion I obteine this mercy. even for ever & ever. Amen.

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While I am in this bodie of death, I find by sad experience. that, as my daies increase, so will sin grow up too rife in these corruptions. I have tasted of the great & unlimited mercys & clemency of the Great God of Heaven. the Lord most High. And, like wise, beine under manifold trialls. sorowes, troubles, & Aflictions, both as to spirit & body.

But, as when the hand of God is upon us, we are apt to be more discomfited & sad. so shodshould I, and doe desire to make it my uttmost endeavour to inquire what is it that God aimes at by all his providences & dealings. I find my heart to apt to forget what a low condition I was brought into by sicknese & sathan. either as to Mr ThorntosThornton's or my owne trialls. And peradventure hath not rendred him that due praise for all our Exceding deliverances that he hath vouchsafed to me in perticuler or him. 9397 or sure for some other punishment of my negligent soule is the Lords hand stretchd out still, and which by a late crosse he hath shewed his anger against me. shall I recieve good at the hand of God & not render him the Glory. or shall I recive corrections from the same hand. and still be insencable there of (God forbid. why or wherefore he thus deales with me.

It was his infinit goodnesse in giving me this sweete Infant, in giving her the blessed oportunity of holy Baptisme. and is the mercy the lesse in that he has pleasd to deprive me of its injoyment any longer, or by the prevention of Actuall sin in her. O no: I humbly acknowledge all these his mercys. & give him the glory due to him therein. my sines was ripe for punishment. & he pleased thus it should be. to teach me by his Rod & staffe to aprove myselfe an obedient child to so good. so great, so loving a father.

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I dare not. I will not repine at this most gracious chastisemet. it may seeme a little troublsome to part with my sucking Child from my brest for the present. & surely the hand of God is in it for my punishnt. but good is the will of the Lord. is it not good in as much as he hath spaired me still to repent, who is the vildest, the meanest. & un- profitable worme upon earth. and given me still the lives & comforts of my deare husbnd & 3 children.

As to Temporalls this is exceedingly much more then I could have expected. &, therefore, will I praise the Lord our God:

But for spirituall mercys. such have those bin in an infinit mesure showred downe on my head that I am not able to innumerate nor tell them, neither can my tongue or heart ex- -presse them.

But, to the glory of thy holy name, doe I ascribe the honour of my creation, the inestimable mercy 99 651665 of giving Redemtion to the world by thy blessed Son. my saviour. & thou, o holy spirit, the god of all consolations & comforts. Holy, be the Lord most high, & glory to his Eternall name that hath not taken the hopes of salvation from me.

And great Lord, as thou hast pleased to teach me by Alictionsafflictions, oh give me the sanctification thereof that I may spend noe more this smale inch of time unprofitably which thou givest me in this life. but, by all means, to make it my bussinesse to Glory fie thy name by a true and unfeined repentance, such as may worke throughly to the ganig thy favour: & faith to believe in thy mercys, that thou hast a love for my soule & desirit not the death of a sinner, but rather that we should be converted & live.

my deare Child, Joyce, fell very sick upon Sunday, 20th of Jan.January 1665, as we thought of a cold, which struck in many Red spotts which waswere 100 1665. over her face & bodie, after which she did much cry & moune with sicknesse. but we used what meanes could be to so young a Child. yet nothing was effectuall, beeing the pleasure of God to take her out of this miserable world.

She continued with some intermitions till thursday, after. when it was past hopes. of her recovery and about betwixt one & 2 a clocke rings, at noone, of on friday the 26th of Jan. 65January 1665, it pleased God to free her from all paine by takeing her to his. mercy. where she sweetely fell assleepe.

She was buried at Stonegrave the next day by Mr Comber: who preached A funerall sermon.

The Lord, my life, prepare me for this change & desolution. that then I may see that God face to face, which I doe now believe, & put my trust & confidence in. & for ever sease from sin & sorrow. & this for his sake that suffred for sin & 101 1666. sined not. the holy one of God. O, let me not in the intrime be unmindfull of his hand by these corrections. but may be delivred from the Jawes of Eternall death. Amen.

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It pleased God to deliver my daughter, Alice, from a very dangerous & violent illnesse comeing on in her sleepe. when she lay in bed with me. who was sudainly wakend in a great fright with the noyse of her, who allmost choaked, & the breath stopt with undejested fish. (Turbett) that was not fresh she eatate the night before, but praised be the Lord, upon my helpe, she did recover, &, other things givn, this eased her after vomiting. blessed be the most gracious mercy of my God for Ever that hath raised this childe up from death very offten, even from a young Child beeing offten in sounds upon the breeding of her teeth: this fitt was June 13th, 1665 at Newton. when she was ill, she was even Ravished with the glorious sight.

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After the drinking of Scarbrough waters, Mr Thornton sent for me to Yorke about bussiness with my Lord Frechuill; in which Jorney I thought I receavd harme, beeing lately conceaved before, as Dr wittie did apprehend; & it, together with a greeife that befell me upon my ret returne home by: W. T.William Thornton about by Setlement of Provission for my Childrens main- tenance & Portions. which was undon without my consent or knowledge. by somes perswaion of Mr Th.Thornton before :

I fell into a very sad & desperate condittion, through the breaks, & excess of floods perpetualy flowing which began upon Satterday the 6th of August: 661666 (beeing at that time about 8 weeks concevd with Child). the violency thereof continued a long time after; Dr wittie was with me 3 days, so that it put him to his uttmost arte for my preservation, but it did abate a little & intermited upon the severall medicins he gave & left me in a hopefull way. 103 of recovery. but tould us til a bout a quarter I might not expect a full recovry, when it was likly the fruit should have bin quick child if I had gon to my time. which I found to be true, for I contineud with floods by intermition a day. or 2 and then returned, till the later end of october, notwithstanding all good things I had to prevent it. the cheifest remidy I found good in was bole Almoniack in fine pouder, halfe a spoonfull at a time, with a little draught of clarett wine burned with Sinamon & loafe suger taken as often as extreamity required. the totall weanesses & disability of natur & bodie was so great by losse of blood. that it was expected I should have fallen into a deepe consumtion. I did indeed contin-eu exceeding feeble & weake till a bout Jane uary After, when, through the mighty Power & wonderfull mercy and goodness of God, he was pleased to free me & give strength to the weake handmaid of the Lord: for which I shall ever adore & magnifie the Almighty Father of mercys which raised me up again from the Gates of Death. Blessed be his name for Ever And for ever. Amen.

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About the 2nd of September 661666, began the great fire in London which in 4 daies time consumed 13,200 houses, 89 Churches, &cet cetera.

Upon the 29th day of Sept.berSeptember began my Daughter, Kate Thornton, with a violent & extreame paine in the back & head with such scriks & torment that she was deprived of Reason, sleepe & eating any food. so, contineued for 3 daies to my great affliction what this distemper would be, at last, the smale Pox apeared & broke out in a great abundanc all over, & in her ungedablenesse stroke in againe, so that, to save her life, my Brother Portington gave her much cordialls, & thus it pleased God she was in hopes of life but was in very great danger to lose her eye sight. she was all over in a scurfe in the face, which ran into one another. but I bless God she was past danger of death, & they began to drie. although she was very sore all over the bodie. her extreamety was so great in crieing night & day that I was faine to be removed, though very weake as before, into the scarlet chamber for want of rest.

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but blessed be our gracious God, through his infinit mercy directing to good helpe & meanes & prospering the same, she was lately heald & recovered againe (Hanna Ableson & mary Cotes waswere her keepers). &, about november, was able to goe abroad in the house. but lost her faire head of haire that was on her head. I praise my God that he was intreated by by me to spaire her life. oh, that she may live to his Glory for Christs sake & give me a thankefull heart to comemorat his mercys. Amen.

It pleased God to vissit my deare Brother, John Wandesford, at London wthwith his last sicknesse beeing an Ague. a joyned with fitts of the stone. & some extreamitys of sickness, which about the 2nd day of December deprived him of his life, for severall yeares before, he had laid under the most sad & afflicting hand of God by reason of the want of the use of his understanding severall times yet having a bundance of intervalls. in which time he was very Religously desposed & constant in dutyes, with a consiencueconscience to spend his daies holily & uprightly, and in great penitency for any thing don in his weaknesse, although he never did any creature willing harm. about halfe a yeare before his death, he was more strict in his dutys. saing that he should not live long,

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So that he prepared for his desolution every day. & that morning he departed, kneeled in bed, & most devoutly praied to God & commended his soule to his Creator; & affter commending his dearest love to me & Mr Thornton, he drew shorter each minet & so sweetly fell a sleepe in the Lord. he was buried in the Parish Church where he died at Hodghdon. & Mr Comber was by providence there, who preacht a funerall sermon for the instruction of livnig. he died December 2nd & was buried the 3d, 1666.

About this christmas, 1666, my Cosen, will.mWilliam Norton, was murdered inhumamly at London.

The 5th of Janeuary 1667: my deare Robin Thornton began his sicknesse of the Smale Pox, beeing very ill & weake for a 2 daies; & the 7, 8, 9 daies he was in great danger of death, they not coming well out till the tenth day. (on which day he lost his sight by them, who was come out very much & was great ones), on the 14th) his feaveor & dissease was at the hight.

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About the 15th, he begain to alter for the better so that a change was diserned. 17 he began to see againe. 18th, hee perfec-tly Recovered his sight, & recovered very fast. for which I most humbly blesse & glorifie our gracious God with all my soule and magnifie his mercys to me in the de- liverance of this my deare & sweete Childe from death & giving him as a bles- sing to his father & mother, & not quen -ching my cole in this Family. O, praise the Lord, O: my soule & forget not this his favour to thee. for ever. Amen.

24th: Robin first got up, & on his feete & was perfectly welluell, growing daly strong, & was not disfigured at all with the Smal Pox. only he never since recovered his sweete & beautifull favour & pure couler in his cheeks. but his face drew longer then before. nor did his haire come off at all, haveing but few in his head, but the most was in his face. he wanted 9 Months, of beeing fviefive yeares old & some odde daies.

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It pleased God, that as soone as my Son, Robin, was well to vissit my poore naly (which first began on January 18) in annother dangerous fitt in her sleep, which wakned me in much fright. & she was almost choked with flegme. & made her exceding sicke befor she could cast, beeing blacke in the face with extreamity but, blesed be the lord, affter a vomit or two she did recover although it did much weaken her. praised be the Lord of of our salvation for her deliverance. Amen.

About the 25th of January 1667, Naly took Phisick to prevant the smale Pox & she fell to be ill. in paine of the head & back; 26th, she was very sick, & contineued the 27 & 28 till the smale Poxe came out, beeing these 2 daies in a cold Sweate & in danger of death. the 29th, my poore Naly, haveing laid very patiently all the time before (though great hazard of life when there was little hopes because they had not not come well out, beeing in a Sweate all that time that hindered them from apearing) 109 1667 but on the 29th, it pleased the most good & gracious God, did begin to give better hopes, the Pox comming well out, & she in a warmer temper was not so sicke. so that by mercy we hoped for her recovery. The 31th, she fell blind & had intermiting till the 5th of february, beeing exceeding dange- rous in her throat & could not swallow well till the 6th of february. & beeing very sorre & much pained by the Pox therein & her streat throat. getting very little sleepe till the 3rd of february when she began to sleepe; the 4th, her eyes began to unclose. the 5th, she did see perfectly, & they began to blacken & die ripe. & her throat was pretty well, her feaver did abate, 8, she began to be pretty well & strong. the 18th, Naly rose out of her bed and recover very fast, growing strong by degrees. she had very many & was full over her face & the haire came all off. Oh, that our soules, my mind & may for ever give glory to the great God of Heaven & Earth. o, sing praisis to the Eternall King which has given me my Childrens life, restoring them from many deaths. o Lord, accept my gratefull acknowledgment that we might live to his Glory & hon.or, for ever & Ever. Amen.

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My brother Dentons Son, John, was fallen into great extreamity biginning on JanJanuary the 25th upon taking of Phisick which did not worke kindly, & so contined the 27, 28, 29th, beeing deprived of his understanding & violent paine till about about the 29, geting noe sleepe, & in a high feaver & great danger of death, but, about 4 a clock in the morning, he began to be sencable, & his use of understan -ing returned, when the Smale Pox did apeare. but he had very few of them & recovered very fast. blesed be God.

The 8th of Aprill, naly had a Pearle on her Eye affter the Smale Pox which did indanger her Lose of the Sight of that Eye. but, by waters, & meadicenes, it was worne of & she recovered it well about the 30th of April 1667. blessed be God for the least & greatest testimonyes of his goodnesse to me & mim mine. that I may set forth his praise for ever more. Amen.

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Kate Thornton had a deliverance from beeing choaked with swallowing a pin & got crosse her throat at St nickolas in the yeare 1659, when I was a meanes, by Gods blessing, to save her life by putting My finger in her mouth & thrusting the pin side way & got it out of her throat. for which I humbly praise God in this her preservation from beeing destroyed by her owne folly.

About the yeare that Kate Thornton was 10 yeares old. she was plaing in the Corne barne att Newton & swinging on a Rope that hung crosse, from which she got so high & cruell a fall by the boys (her cosens) flinging her that she fell downe with a great force. & was taken up dead. hanging like a Calfe, beeing with blacke in the face & not taking breath a long time, which put me into a greiveous fright. till, at last, it pleased God in much mercy to restore her life &, affter halfe an houer time, 112 she began to breath & by degrees to come to her selfe againe. & was put in to bed, beeing Rubed very sore. but did not know any bodie in a long time, & veyvery ill in her head with greate paine. but, at length, she was very well againe: I most humbly praise and magnifie my gracious God & heavenly father, who in Judgement remembers mercy & cuts not ^ of the lifes of my poore Child- -ren sudainly, oh, praise the Lord for ever for all manner of his deliverances to me & mine. Amen.

It was the permition of God to let a sad & dismall stroake fall heavy upon my Brother Danbys family in the most horrid & willfull murder of my deare & brave nephew, Thomas Danby, Eldest son to my Sister, comitted with the barbarous sir- cumstances that could be done by one Beridge a stranger to him. but camrads to, Ogle, & Jenny, which was then with him & did not assist. & the pretence about Ogles sword. but doubtlese it was provd a designe against his innocent Life.

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This was don upon him in London neare the Grays Inne, about the August. in yeare 1667.

It pleased the goodnesse of my gracious God to give me a weake & sicke time of breeding my 9th Childe. affter that former breake in Seper. 66September 1666 & till about the 10th of may 1667, when I did perceave my selfe with quicke Childe, I had noe health. but afterwards, for all the time I was with childe till neare my time of delivery, I was as strong & well as ever of any of my Children, beeing able to goe to the Church at Stongrave, a full mile on foote, twice each sunday & backe againe without very little werinesse. I blesse my gracious, loveing father that gave myme strength & health, restoring. great comfort to me & my deare & loving husband, who all this sumer & spring was so well as he had never bin since the first ill fitt of Palsie at Steersby. but we were in a constant corse of Phisick with him by Dr witties order. &, towards september, he folloedfollowed it. but, when I grew so bigge & neare my time about Mick le-mas. 114 1667. he intermitted in my illnesse & so ret-urnd to his relapssed condittion, haveing Dr wittie wittie sent for severall times for him. & so, through meanes by Gods blessing, he was restored to me againe. blessed be our mer- cefull God of our salvation. for ever more. Amen. & Amen.

I fell into panges of Labour about the 4th of november, beeing very ill. & so con- tineued by fitts all that weeke. then, on munday the 11th of november 1668. I fell into travill, and, about the houers of 10 & 11 a clocke at night, I was delivrd. but I was never in all my Life nearer death by forcing the Child so violently by the midwife inso much as the neighbors did feare I should bin devided from the waste downewards & the Rest of all my bodie. which caused inexpressable torment & a dislocation of the Reines of the back for a long time. & excessive paine in the spleene & mother arrising both together upon me in my Childe bed.

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but for ever magnified & praised be the great & Glorious Lord God Almighty, who did not give me over to this death but has miraculously. & wonderfully preserved my life from destruction, & when I was steping into the grave even this 10 times, nay seaventy times seaven times has turned my sorrow in to joy. that noe death has yet had the uper hand. O, love the Lord, o my soule: delight in him, thy life, thy Joy, thy salvation & refuge. I called on him in my distresse & he de- livered me out of all my feare. the guide of my Youth & my preserver for evr, he gave me a goodly, strong & sweete Sonne, turning my paines in to hopes of Joy. & gave me the blessing of brests & of the wombe, o, praise the Lord for Ever.

my daughter naly was on this night, the 11th of november, with feare & greife for me so sick in my Labour that she was in much danger but, blessed be the Lord, recovered againe of that illnesse the next day. november 12th, 671667.

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Christofer Thornton, my 9th Childe, was borne at newton, on munday the 11th of november: 1667, betwixt the houers of 10 & a 11 at night. Baptized the 12th at newton. his godfathers & godmother. Mrs Anne Danby, my brother, John Denton, & my brother, Timothy Portington.

After this comfort of my Childe, I recovered something beter & got my milke, the childe thriveing mightily well & grew strong. beeing a most sweete, lovely Childe. but, least my should be sett too much in the satisf- action on any creature on Earth, it seemed good to the most infinitly wise God to take him from me. & I had appre -hensions there of long before any did see a change in him. &, therefore, with a full resignation to his providence, I endevoured to submit to part willingly with my sweete Childe to my. 117 1668 incomprehensably deare & loving father in Heaven. begging that his will might be my will, in life & death. when he was about 14 daies old, my pretty Childe broake out in little red spotts, like smale Pox, which was the red gum. & upon Cold gotten through an accident, they stroke inwardly. & he fell into a great loosenesse, notwithstanding all the meanes I could use, & it contined on him for 4 daies. when he was very patient & quittquiet. & beeing a very strong Child, indured it with much strugling. but, at Length, it pleased his saviour & mine to deliver him, after a sicke night & day, out of that misery, & he sweetly fell a sleepe on sunday, at night, about 6. or 7 a clocke at night, beeing then the first of December 1667 (beeing 3 weeks old upon the 2nd of december). he was Buried at Stongrave on the 2nd of decemb.December by Mr Comber. who did preach his funerall Sermon. December 2nd, 1667.

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After my Childes death. I fell into a great & long contineued weaknesse, by the swelling of my milk in the left breast which kitt last suckt. & did so nipe the head that I was in feare of a gangreen, buand the extreame paine, cast me into a feavor. which to- gether with other greifes. & colds & extreame violent paine of the Teeth did bring me into that weakenesse that I Could neither stand nor goe for Feb.February 671667 4 months. but was carried to bed & from bed in a chaire, February 1667. but ever blessed & magnified be the great & Glorious name of the Lord most high, which bringeth me downe to the gates of Death & raiseth me up againe times without number. & might most Justly taken me out of this life: but, letting me see the follies of this life & many changes we are incident to, that I might prepare more Earnestly & long for 119 1668 those Lasting Joyes that never shall have end. which he, in his good time, will please to bring me to. for my saviour Jesus Christs, his sake. Amen.

After which recovery of my health, I was very much in affliction about my deare husbands illnesse & offten relapses into his former Palatickeparalytic fitts. which fell on him notwithstanding all the many remidies was perpetually used by Dr witties order, & with good successe. so that, from ye November 671667 till August 681668, he had not missed one fort- night from a relapse or the degrees of it; insomuch that I never injoyed any comt fort in consideration of & feare of him & his sufreings, & least I should be de- prived of my Joy & delight in this life. though, I blesse God, he had intermittions which suported him: affter every use of Phisipphysic & other things, &, according to the earlinesse of the time in begining them, the fitts was longer or shorter in contineuance.

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About the 20th of July 1668. I had a very great & dangerous sickenesse fell upon me, beeing in my perfect health & strength. upon the occasion of a sudain greife & terror that I was seised upon in my neece kitt Danbys chamber at Newton when her maide, Barbara Tod. did impudently accuse, me to be fore my face, of my Servant (Hanna Ableson) for telling her from one Mary Breakes of severall storyes (which were very great) lies & fallshoods against my selfe, of such a nature as did much unbecome any to heare & not to have ouacquanitedacquainted me with at the first. which my maide did utterly deny & cleared her selfe & me upon her oath, but the other woman, having a spleene against her. did carrie so un -hansomly & unchristianly towards me in her bitter agravation, & in false accusing the Hon.or of some of the Persons 121 . 1668 of my family, & that before her mistresse, that I fell presently into a most great & sad excesse of weeping & lamentable sorrow that it had like to have lost me my life; haveing only. God & my owne consience to give me testimonys of Comfort. beeing so fallsly & abominaly abused for my Charity in releiving those that came under my Roofe & to whom I had don noe wrong. (& out of whoes mouthes God making them instru- ments to my clearing) notwithstanding there maliciousnesse, both in my accusat -ion. & theire secret plotts of conseal- ment till that other wicked woman was gon from newton, & by that meanes did spread her lies a broad at Richmond. & the highest agravation of injury in those persons. that was don by my bosomes frind that knew my Innocency all my daies. but why can I not with patience take the bitter cupe. out of my saviours hand. & for his love. lay downe my Life that 122 1668. suffered many oprobrious scornes & abuses from his Enimies. O my soule, blesse thou the Lord, that he will please to give thee to suffer & goe in such steps as he him selfe has troden out the path of Life in. has he not preservd thee from the Evills of sine. & all those inormous Crimes the vild world now lies wallowing in. & willt thou not shew thy grattitud to thy Reedemer that gives thee share in suffrings & not with the pertakers of these wickednesses ? lett thy heart rejoyce in his salvation. & that thy desgiedesign was very much desirous to advance his Glory, all though Satan would blemish those that he has noe part in, yet thy hope is in God, who has reedeemd thee from all sin & wickednese, & givn thee a stay & suport in all thy Anguish of spiritt. & preservation from the designes of those who would, & did, cruelly de- vour thy honor as much as in them laid.

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And loe, when I was yet scarsly recovrd of my weaknesse from this greife & had kept my bed 14 daies. it pleased God in his infinit and aboundant mercy & goodnesse to begin to restore that most valewed Jewell by me. (& which was indeu'udendeavoured to be wronged (my good name). by the comming of my deare Aunt over to newton. who had heard the vilde reports blased abroad by mary Breaks & lies against my Innocent Soule. this woman, full of deepe dissemblnig & hipocricey-- who could not prevaile with her designe up -pon the Person of Mr Comber to have drawne him for marriage. &, failing of that end, did pervarted her plaucible carriage into an inveterate malice & hatred. both against him & my selfe, which, haveing discovred that it was Mr Combers desires to obteine my. Daughter Alice in marriage, & that he was made use on to assist us in the Drawing of settlements & writings for Mr Thorntons Estate on my Children (which I was had good cause to see don, in regard of Mr Thornton & my owne dienig condition), 124 1668. from hence, I say, this woman takes occassion to perverte the most innocent actions in the world, & such as was most Just & honnest, for the preservation of my Poore family & Children from Ruine. I, finding a daily decay, & great weaknese of bodie & minde, was very scolicitous to to get this don before our Deaths, which I may well apeall to God, cost me great sorrow & paines & trouble. (beeing of so great consernment, before and in the Transaction of all these bussinesses) And this poore Gentleman. noe smale paines, trouble & caire till it was finished, which was don with the consent & knowledge of my Husbands brother denton, a wise & prudent man, assisting us in the prosecution of these designes, &, has since bin a meanes of myne & his Just vindication ofering of from any of those wicked untruths forged against us by this mary Breaks; (whoes lies had my neeces Danbys Charity extended so far to me as discovred before the womans goeing from newton. I might turned them on the Raisers owne head & there mischeifes on ther owne hate, before Satans 125 1668. Instruments had divolged them to the Infinit dishonor of God, & his poore meane servants;. but as my intentions was Cordially good, so God would not suffer me to perish, but tooke the matter into his owne hand to stope the mouths of my adversarys, and when I wanted releife in his providence sent my deare Aunt to acquanitacquaint me, & so gave me such favour in her Eyes, & the rest of my deare & Christian freinds, that I was had by this oportunity to make a Publick cleanig & vindication of all my innocent actions. &, I hope, gained such beleife that the Lord has apeared to stand on my side &, therefore, I need not caire what men can say against me. but will give all possible Glory & praise, adoration & thanks to my Gracious God that would not suffer me to depart this life with any blott upon my person. but to aprove my contineuance in the true faith of the Lord JeusJesus XstChrist in which I was brought up, nor giveing occasion of blemish to that most noble Family from whence I was decended. I acknowledge the goodnesse of the Lord which hath severall times sent me Releife, in the company & comfortable 126 1668. Assistances, praises, & sweete, Religious advices, & suports of my deare freinds when I was in deepe distresses: all which I take as great incoradgments to serve the Lord with all my which hishas never failed his weake & dispised handmaide. & I know, o Lord, that thou canst. & doest me good by this heavy & sad affliction as well as all others & teach me, o Lord, by this thy Rod & scourge of wicked Toungs who seeketh occasion to slay me & roote out the rem- embrance from the Earth. & though they curse, yet blesse thou, & behold the Anguish of my soule: for out of the deepe have I called, 'Lord save me, I perish', but still put my trust in thee. o strengthen, stablish & settle my in thy faith that neither life nor death shall seperate me from the Love of God. And blesed be thy holy name that preserved my deare Husbands love & faithfull affection to me all my life long, & that it was not in the power of man nor Deivell to shake or remove those faithful & conjugall bonds & ties of Christian 127 1668. & dearest & chaste affections betwixt us, making us both abhorre the very mention att all such vilde abominations as this world was too full of in all places. but where, by Grace of our good god whom we serve night & day, has lived in a holy & chaste bond of wedlock this above this 16 yeares. haveing this to comfort our s: that we are undefiled servants. indeuring to fallowfollow Christ in the Regeneration that we might Reigne with him in Glory. Oh, that my soule may forever be thankful to the most high God that had regard to his poore & humble handmaid. what am I, o Lord, that should have the testimonys of thy mercy. I will give thee the glory of thy works. mercys & favours for ever; & most humbly begge, on the account of my XstsChrist's Intercession that I may have the grace of perseverance, & a truly thankfull to walke worthy of these inestimable mercys & glorifie thee in the midst of all my trialls and sufferings that makest me way to Escape now. Praise the Lord, o my soule, & forgett not all his benifitts. Amen. Amen.

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July 25th, 1668. It pleased God to give my deare Robin Thornton a great mercy in his preservation & delivrance upon that day. for his sister, Kate, & cosen, willy Denton, was and himselfe was playing in the Hay Laith at newton upon the mowe and, standing in the window about 4 yerds high from the Earth. he fell out of it into the laine. & was very neare with his head to a great stone (which, if he had lighted on it with head it, had killd him falling that hight). so, that the danger is very great. & ought to be had in remembrance with gratitude & hearty Thankes to the great God of Heaven, which sent his Angell to preserve my deare Childe from death or any other harm save a lumpe on his face. The glorious name of God be praised for his life & the Preservations therof from all casul -ties of dangers, sicknesses, dislocation & Evills. Giveing him a great shaire of understand. witte. memory. a loving affable nature & severall other good gifts tending to the better accomplish ment. 129 1668. of his Person with naturall indowmen -ments. but exceedingly much more be the name of the Lord our God be adored in that he has bin pleased to begin some dawning hopes of his Grace in his heart, which appears in his beeing afflicted with his good instructions when given him. & his desire to be informed of all things conserning God, & serverall notions of the feare of the Lord upon hearing his Judgments with many Christian & pitheticall expres sions in the waies of Pietie, all which are motives of great Comfort to me, his poore mother, who has taken notice of the great mercy of my God that hath not despised the prayers of his handmaide, but given me a gracious answer to my humble supplic -ation. for this blessing, I begged of the Lord, as Hanna did Samuell. & has dedicated him to his service even all his daies. humbly craving the contineuance of his favour. & 130 1668. Grace upon my Sonne. endewing him with all Christian virtues. (with faith. knowledge & true understanding). to guide & direct him in his youth to follow him & walke in his wayes to be his lives end. beeing preserved as much as he shall see it fitt for him from all temporall Evills &, finally, from Eternall sorrow & misery in the world to come. ConsigingConsigning this, my deare Childe, as a blessing to his family, comfort to his weake mother, & an instrument of the Glory of his Creator, in this life to serve him in his generation in righteous= enesse, & finaly to praise him in Heaven; beeing the most humble Pettion of his hand -maide, & that for the sole & lone sake of our der saviour, ye Lord Jesus XstChrist, his holy & blesed son. for his Passions sake. Amen. & Amen.

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It pleased God that I remained very ill & weake affter the second Alarum I had given me of unnaturall, unkinde & injust dealing with me out of the Sarlettscarlet Chamber which was to my Aunts great greife & trouble to heare. & by which malicious repit -ttion to her, & renewing the wounds a fresh of calumnies. I fell into a very greivous extremity of greife againe. upon the 5th of september. which so affected my soule that did raise both the Spleene & mother in my sides, both together with much paine & trouble. & had I not bin held on my Sides by my dere Cozen, Christopher Norton, & comforted by my Aunts wise & discreet. & affectionate kindness, I had undoubtedly perished with that heavy load of greife & Sorrow, that such treatche -rous practices of Subtiltie & dissembling should be the Ruine of my Life & that honnor which was unspotted in my life & conversation. but, blessed be my Gracious God & father of all mercies. which laid noe more upon me then he did give me strength to beare. &, though I was smitten by fallse tongues Joyning with my 132 1668 Adversarys. yet he was pleased to find out a way for me to escape at that time allso. And comforted me on each side by my deare & loving husbands faithfull love to me, which never in all his life had the least ill thoughts of my Innocent soule. but through somes deepe plotts to have raised theire owne ends in my Ruine would by insinuations flatter him, as he said himselfe discovred there malis. & it set his against such. & did farther both lament my condittion, condole the same & tooke my part against all those vild detractors, & did order theire turning out of the house, both by letter & threatnnigs. O my soule, forget not this great & eminent mercy be forgotten by thee but had in remembrance before him for ever, which uni- =ted our faithfull hearts to each other in Cordiall, loyall & conJugall love & amity all our daies since we were knit in the band of holy wedlocke. together.

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And to this maine piller of helpe & comfort to suport my fainting, weake bodie. I had givn me, through mercy, the cordiall & intire affection & assistance of my dearest Aunt norton, whoes candor & goodnesse did extend its armes to pittie my disstresse & to whom I had imparted my sorrows & distresse. & she so ordered this buissnesse in wisdome that she delivrd me from the pressures that then laid upon my Injured Person. which allmost pressed me to the death. & added many sircumstance to my succor that I should not have had by any other in the world. therefore, will I praise & blesse the Lord with all my soule & mag- -nifie his name for ever. who judged my cause & pittied my great Calamities & will, I hope, bring me out of the mire & pitt they made for my soule, setting my at some liberty, although this greife has peirced me so deepe that its effects will remane all my daies. that SatasSatan's Instruments should thus be 134 1668. out against me, & be a cause to keep a due sence on my soule to walke humbly, holy & contineue faithfull to my lives end. which has bin very full of all mannerr of troubles & sorrowes allmost ever since I entred into the married estate: but it teacheth me to expect Hapinesse in noe Condittion, state nor place under heaven. & to rejoyce in Tribulation where my faith is unshaked & ttotering. better were it for me to enter never so maimed into the Joys of my Lord then to Enter into Hell in pleasures & this worlds welth & satt- -isfaction. Therefore, behold the Hand- -maid of the Lord, be it unto me according to thy word, give me my Crosses heere, that I may injoy thee, in thy kingdome. for who so doth not deny him selfe heere, & take up his Xcross & follow him, is not worthy of him. & what is a moment of time to an Eternity, to Everlasting pleasures at the Rig -ht hand of God.

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Whilest I am in this vaile of teares & shadow of death. I must not expect noe more comforts then will preserve me from sinking. nor will I repine at the great Lord of Heaven & Earths most infinitly wise disposition, for he knows how to pro- pose & intermixe Xscrosses with comforts. Smiles with frownes to his servants heere as shall be the best for them. not as they shall thinke fitt, which are but of yesterday. but himselfe who sees not as man sees. but has all things in his omnipresente, & omnipotent power, & shall tend most to his owne Glory.

noe sooner was my strength in part recruted againe, affter my deare Aunts departure home & having bin so weake that I kept my bed a bove a weeke. so beginig to rejoyce at my delivrence from the late ill nesse both of the Plague of Slanderous tounges & the faintings abated something, But the first day that I did Arise out of my bed. I had that newes of my deare 136 1668. Husbands falling sicke at malton brought to me by a letter to my Brother denton. which did so sudainly surprise my spiritt that I fell to tremble exceed- ingly with great greife & feares upon me for his safety & Life. Imeadeatly, I sent for Dr wittie to goe to Malton & sent each day to see my deare & only Joy & comfort, but my selfe so much afflicted that I went presently to bed & contineud with the breake, & then I was in danger of overflow. because of my excessive sorrow. only the Lord did suport my Soule from sinking. on wedn- -esday, I sent my Brother Denton & Mr Comber to my Joy at Malton. & longing all the day to heare from him. &, if I could without losse of my poore & miserable life, I would have gon to have seene him myselfe but my freinds would not suffer me to make an adventure thereof. but I stayd till 137. 1668. Night, when word was brought from Dr wittie that I should be of good cheare for I should have my deare heart home as well to me as ever I had him in my life. so that I did sheure up my hopes in God & power out my Teares & Prayers in a bundance that night for the life, & health of deare Husbad with me (if it did stand good with the will & pleasure of our God. & got some litte slumbers, though with feares & tremblings, & sad & dis- mall dreames. when, in the morning, my bro. -ther Denton came home. & very discreetly prepared me, with good advice & councell, to entertaine the Lords determinate will in all things with patience & submittion if the worst should fall on me according to my feares. but withall God Could raise him up againe if he see it fitt. although my deare was very weake. at which newes, I grew very ill & the Lord pardon my weaknesse for it with a renewing of my greate sorrows for the beeing fearfull to be deprived of this my sole delight in this world next under my good God.

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So, betwixt hopes & feares, I rested till the next messenger came, which was about 4 a clocke on Thursday in the after noone. at which time I receavd the newes of the most Terrible losse that ever woman losst in beeing deprived of my Sweete & most perfectly exceeding deare Husbad that any creature could have. Such was my extreamity of Passion & trouble upon this change that I was allmost changed into nothing & was ready to goe into the grave with him whom God had Joyned me to allmost 17 yeares. great are the sorrowes of my . and many stormes have gone over my. Soule, but this is a the Lords sharpest Arrow that is gon out against me. now am I left destituted of head. guide, helpe or suport in this world, tossed with all the sorwes that a poore, desolate widdow 139 1668 can meete with all. the Lord has broken in upon me like a mighty water & powred on me his indignation. great are my Calamities, my Cupe is full of complaints, bereaft of A most deare & tenderly loving husband that tooke part with me in all sorrowes. comforted me in sadnesses. we walked together as deare frinds: his love was mine, in his sicknesse, I was afflicted. now am I left of him who was my Earthly delight. he, beeing gon to his Heavenly father. & left me to lament his losse from me & my poore, fatherlesse Children. weake in bodie. afflicted in spirtt. low in my Estate. losses of my dearest freinds & Relations & Children, & other comforts as deare. & now, to consumate my suff -erings, my Husband withdrawen. Oh, that my sorrowes were weighed, & that the Lord would pittie my distresse. I am still thy Creature. by Creation. Redemption, Sanctification. preservation. from death, 140 1668 . hell & the Grave. doe not despise thy weake Handmaide. for thou didst make me. I am thine: oh, give me understanding & I shall live. take me not a way out of the Land of the living. but give me to serve the Lord, with a perfect heart & a willing mind. heere the Rod & who hath sent it. is there any Evill in a City & the Lord has not don it. Is there not an apointed time for man once to die. oh, that I may die daily & be with God in soule & spirt, loving him with all my soule & a perfect . I must be still & know that it is God that Ruleth in H.heaven & Earth. the Lord is his name. & his mercy is unto us. for he did draw my Joy to his owne selfe, & fitted him for this dissolution. he remem -bred the Lord in the daies of his youth & God was found of him.

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I now doe want those good & Pieous prayers of him for me & mine which I have injoyed for many yeares, what can I say, or what can I doe, each remembrance brings in a fresh flood of teares. I water my Couch. & widdowed, desolate bed. for my selfe & Children. my thinke I heare him say, 'weepe not for me but weepe for yourselves & Children. I was in the world tormented with paines & crosses, losses & sicknesses. troubles on every side. but now I am Comforted in the bosome of my Father & thy father, whom I had a desire to goe to: now, my Sorrowes, cant ye not finde noe Relife to aswage the violent Passion for this sad seperation? is there noe hope in the later End. what if, though my , thou art deprived of his presence & company. dost thou not beleive that he now injoyes the Incomp- rehensable Joyes of the Great God of Heaven. doest thou not thinke that all his Teares is wiped from his eyes, 142 1668. all sorrows is departed from him, & he is delivred from this bodie of sin & death. oh, my soule, canst thou not consider for some comfort that what he now injoys he would not exchange for 10000 worlds, thy losse for the present is his gaine, & God will assuredly bring theeethe at the Resurection to injoy in, when we shall appeare together, beeing clothed with Immortality to injoy these inconceavable Joyes he now does posess. All though wormes consume this bodie yet with my Eyes shall I see God & behold him face to face. which this clay, this bodie of dust. cannot. till my vilde bodie be changed & this mortall shall put on Immortality. Oh, that the Lord would now shew him selfe to his weake servant. & give me faith to beleive what good things is laid up for them that love & feare him, & that though great are the troubles 143 1668 of the Righteous, yet he will delivr them out of all. doe not there, oh my soule, Repine against this great, wise. holy & good God: for, if thou belongst to him, he will give thee to know his minde & that it is the Lord; he must doe as he will. and, allthough this dispensa =tion is most bitter as the cutting of thy life, besurebe sure thou doest not sin against him by impatience. or resist =ing his pleasure. and allthough flesh & blood cannot part willingly, Remember thou must live by faith if ever thou expect salvation. hee was prepared for death. thou art not. oh, pray that the remainder of thy life may be a continuall preparednesse, & know that this affliction is to this very end & that, as we did in this life suffer, so may we Reigne together with him who is the Author & finisher of our faith.

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And daly pant & long to be Clothed upon that death might putt on Imortality. spending a few daies heere amongst thy children, in Pietie & holinesse. to bring them up in the feare & nuture of the Lord that I may delivr up my Charge to the Great God of Heaven with Joy & not with greife. &, in the end of my daies, receave the end of my hope, even the Salvation of my Soule. where there is noe sighing. noe weeping. for all tears shall be wiped from our Eyes. then sh shall be love with out hatred. Joy withowithout sorrow. delight. without anger. hopes that is turned to injoyment with out feares. to losse, or to to be lost. noe caires. nor Troubble, noe hatred. nor envy shall enter there: for, in Heaven, they are as the Angells. nay, higher. & drawne nearer in beeing drawen & united to the nature of God in the second person of the Trinity. the Eternall 145 1668 Son of God, Blesed for ever. who would not arme themselves with those weapons that shall inable them to fight the fight against sin, the devill & the worldly minde. shall we Love drosse above Gold. for, if our Earthly Tab ernacle were don away. we have a building not made with hands whoes maker & builder is God. how should I groane after & long to be clothed upon & injoy that happinesse. those Joyes. which I doe hope my deare husband now inheritts. And now, O Lord, I thine poore, weake hand -maide & servant doth from my very soule & begge of thy Glorious Majesty That as thou hast given me a beeing on this thy Earth, contineued me thus long in a multitude of inumerable dangers (Spirittuall & temporall. from my Infancy, youth. Middle-Aleage. & towards old Adge, make me to understand thy word & know thy majestie. thy Essence. thy Attributes To Glorifie thy name. & adore thee in my Soule & spiritt: lett me not serve thee with a slavish service, but with a true filliall obe- dience. thou that hast kept me from great & presuntious sinnes, delivr me from every sin (be it never so small) 146 1668. That may indanger a seperation bet -twixt me & my God. O Lord, take me to thy owne keeping & tuittion. blesse thou thy handy worke, who thou hast bestowed so much paines about & on whom so many mercys hast bin bestowd. heere I am. speake Lord, thy servant heareth. Lord, what willt thou have me to doe? I resigne my will to thy Glorious pleasure, either in life or death. make me be freed from this bodie of death that I may serve thee with perfect freedom of mind, will & affections, & may be holy in spirit. Soule. & bodie. I have in- devred to beate downe this bodie of death: oh, give me thy contineuall helpe & strength to over come the remaines of old Adam. let me be sick but sound in thee. O, let my widdowed Condittion be a Sanctified Estate. yea, even writen upon my , 'Holinesse to the Lord', that I may be an Example of thy transend- -ant mercys to all Posterity. that my Childr- en may be great instrumenst of thy praise &, my selfe, a Chosen vesell to set forth thy Glory to this Generation.

147 1668.

Although my Afflictions be great & heavy. sad & burthensome to this weake bodie, yet in thee is my strength. & my hope, my Joy & my fortresse. Lord, be to they servatservant as thou wast unto David. who served thee with a perfect & ready minde. Thou art the giver; thy guift is thy selfe. o, let thy spirit dwell in me & mine richly. & let my later part of my daies be a more seperate condittion from all manner of Evill. the Evill of sine &, if it be thy will, of Punishment. but, however, preserve me & my family from a dishonorable walkeing. lead us in thy wayes & guide me in my steps. let me be an example of grace, Pieitie. holinesse. humility. Chastitie & Patience. with all other most Christian vertues neccesseary to lead & conduct my life. to thy owne Glory. &, for thy name Sake, to give thee the honour of my Creation that I may doe Thy will on earth as tis don in Heaven. And I humbly begge, o Lord, that the mouths of all my unjust adversaries may be stoped. make them ashamed of there sinns. & give them true repentance & pardon if it be thy will for them that they may be clensed by the 148 1668 Blood of Christ. And all these humble pettitions I crave for the only merritts & blood sheding of my dearest Savior, Jesus the Righteous, who interseadeth for us at the Throne of thy Grace, even for me & all those that love his appeering. To whom, with the Glorious Father & holy spiritt. Ever blessed & Infinitt blesed Trinity. be All Possible Praise. Addoration & thankesgiving of men & Angells. henceforth & for Evrr more. Amen & Amen.

149 1668.

My deare Husband, Will.mWilliam Thornton Esquire, went to Malton to sister Portington on fridy the 11th of September 1668. & was much as he used to be of late, pritty well of his infirmity. went to malton Hill on the next day. & to church on Sunday. upon mundy, he was not well & had Pills given him by bro.rBrother Portington. sent for Mr Sinkler. & tould him that he knew that formerly he had bin in much trouble of minde & sadnesse for his sins & had walked uncom -fortably for the want of the sence of Gods favour. & in great feares & horrors, but now the Lord was pleased to make him -selfe knowne to him to be a reconsiled father in Christ. & that he was at Peace with him & did feele a great deale of Joy & comfort inwardly in his soule & minde. Blessing the Lord for these his infinitt mercys & hoped that he should blesse his name for ever more that he was troubled. for now he was reconsiled to him againe. & a great many of such li like expressions as these was to the great sattisfaction of Mr Sinkler, 150 1668 who staied with him a good while. Then, towards night, my dearest fell to be worse & more heavy & drousie, according to the disttemper, & they sent by my servant to me for the Drdoctor, which was dispatch for imeadatly. & came to him on wednesday, after dinner from Yorke (Dr wittie). he was at that time very weake in bodie but, I blesse God, perfect in his understanding. &, havng sent Mr Comber to see him. he tooke his leave of him & bid him to remember him to his deare wife. bid me be patient & contented with Gods hand & to submitt to his will. & to this purpose he menti -oned to him: After which he had his Haire cutt off by the Drdoctor's order (being the latest remidy. with his owne free Consent. but noe remidies. or medicen. nor Art could prevall: it being the detirmination of our God to take him to him selfe. but yet to mixe this bitter Cup (Death) with the alay of such a quiett frame & temper free from torment or signes 151 1668. of much paines. laing as if he were in a sweete sleepe, which by degrees growing colder at his feete & so dieng upwards, drawing his breath shorter all the Thursday morning, & towards 11 a clock in the forenoone, he fetcht one little sigh & sweetely resigned up his Spiritt in to the hand of his deare Redeemer, Jesus Christ.

He departed this life on Thursday the 17th of September 1668, betwixt the hours of 11, and 12 at noone. beeing on the June the 2nd, 1668, Forty fouer yeares of Age. we haveing lived a deare & loving couple in holy marriage together almost 17 yeares.

He was brought home to Newton on friday the 18th of September &. had the company of all his neigbours. of Gentry & freinds that could be obteined, considering the time of his interrment not beeing to be kept by reson of his much Biseckphysic till those of a further distance could be had. Those that helped to carrie were of his 152 1668 Nearest Relations, vidzvidelicet:

My Brother, Thomas Thornton. My Brother Denton. My Brother Portington. My Cosen, Willm.William Ascough. My Cosen, Ralphe Crathorne. My Cozen, John Crathorne. My Cosen Bullock. My Cozen, Ed.Edward Lassells.

There was a very great congregation as could be at that time, he beeing most generally beloved of his whole County & a man of Great Piety. Peace & Honnesty. & great was the Lamentati on for such ana one in generall, but myne canot be rightly weighed for any thing in this life. yet must I submit, for the Lords sake, with patience & submiteon & resignation. in hopes of a Joyfull resurection at the last day then to be united in praising God for ever.

153 1668.

My dearest heart was Interrd in the Alley of his owne at his owne Parich Church in Stongrave, neare his owne Mother & two sweete children, Joyce & Christopher. he was Buried on Friday the 18th of September. 1668, bytweene the houers of 4 & 5 by Mr Thomas Comber, who Preached his Funerall sermon. Whoes Text was in Eclesiastese: 12th, the 1st verce. Remember now thy Creator in the daies of thy youth, while the Evill daies come not, nor the yers draw nigh; when thou shalt say, I have no pleasure in them.

'Lord, hee loves thee the lesse, that loves any thing with thee, which hee loves not for thee'.

(St Austin.Augustine)

154 Since natuers workes be good, and, Death doth serve. As natuers worke: why shold we feare to die. Since feare is vaine, but when it may preserve, Why should we feare that which we cannot flie. Feare is more paine than is the paine it feares. Disarming humaine mindes of native might. While each conseipt an ugly figure beares. Which were not evill, well viewd in reasons light. Our onely eyes, which dimmd with passions be. And scarce discerne the dawne of comming day. 155 Let them be cleard, and now begin to see. Our life is but a step. in dusty way. Then, let us hold, the blisse of peacefull mindes. Since this we feele. great losse we cannot find.
Leave me, O Love, which reachest but to dust, And thou, my minde, aspire to higher things; Grow rich in that which never taketh Rust: What ever faides, but faiding plea.sure brings. Draw in thy beames, & humble all. thy might To that sweete yoake, where lasting freedomes be, Which breakes the cloudes, & opens forth the light That doth both shine, & gives us sight to see. O take fast hold, let that light be thy guide In this smale course, which birth drawes out to death. 156 And thinke how evill becometh him to slide, Who seeketh Hea.ven, & comes of Heavenly breath. Then faire well, world, thy uttermost I see; Eternall love, maintaine thy life in me:

Amen.

157 Farewell, ye gilded follies, pleasing troubles! Farewell, ye hon.red ragges. ye Cristall bubbles! Fame's but a hollow Eccho, Gold, poore clay, Hon.or, the darling, but of one short day. Beauties chiefe Idoll, but a dammask skin; State, but a Golden Prison to live in. To vex free minds, imbroydred traines And goodly Pageants, proudly Swelling vains; And blood, alied to greatnesse, is but lone Inherited, not purchas't, not our owne. Fame, Riches, Hon.or, Beauty, State, Birth Are but the fading blessings of the Earth. I would be Rich, but see man, too unkind. Diggs in the bowels of the Richest mine. I would be great, but yet the Sunne doth stil Levill his beames against the rising hill. I would be faire, but see the champion proud, The worlds faire Eye, oft setting in a cloud. I would be wise, but that the fox I see. Suspected guilty, when the foxass is free. I would be poore, but see the humble grasse Trampled uppon, by each unworthy Asse. 158 Rich, hated; wise, suspected; scornd. if poore; Great, feared; faire, tempted; high, still enviedmore. would the world then adopt me for her heire. Would beauties queene intitle me the faire. Fames speake me ho.nrshonour's minnion? & could I, With Indian-Angells, & a speaking Eye. Command bare heads; bow'd knees, strike Justis dumb, As well as blind & lame, & give a Tongue To stones by Epitaphs; be calld great master In the last lines of every Poetaster: Could I be more then any man that lives, (Great, wise, rich, faire. all in Superlatives) Yet, I, these favours would more free resigne Then ever Fortune would have had them mine. I count one minute of my holy leasure Beyond the mirth of all this Earthy pleasure. wellcome, pure thoughts. come, ye Sober groves. These are my guests: this is the court I loves. The winged people of the skies, shall sing. me Anthems by my Sellers gentle spring. 159 A prayer booke shall be my looking glasse, Wherein I will adorne sweete vertues face. Heare dwells noe heartlesse loves, noe pale fact feares, Noe short Joyes purchast with Eternall tears. Heere, will I sit & sigh my weakes youthweak youth's folly. And learne to affect an holy mallancholly. And if contentment be a stranger, then HeI'll neare looke for it but in Heaven agaen.

The Just shall live by faith.

Nisi Christus Nemo. Tout pour le' Eg'lize.

Christ and the Church, in love so well ag'reed That hee for her, & she for him has Blee'd. Thus, imitate thy Saviour, in his fervent love And then, my Soule, her Joyes will lasting prove. Oh, groundles deeps, o, love without degree: The offended dies, to Sett the offender free.
160 My Soules Wish. Oh: Had I of his love but Part, That chosen was by Gods owne heart, That Princely Prophett, David, hee, Whom in the word of truth I see. The King of Heaven so dearely love'd. As mercy beyond measure prov'ed; Then, should I neither Gyant feare, Nor Lyon that my Soule would teare; Nor as the Philistims, nor such friends: As never, were true Christians friends: Noe passions should my Spiritt vexe. Nor sorrow so my minde perplex. But I should still all glory give. Unto my God by whom I live. And to the Glory of his Name, Throughout the world divulge the Same: My walke should be but in his wayse, My talke but onely in his Praise.; 161 My Life, a death, but in his Love; My Death, a life for him to Prove; My care to keepe a Conscience cleane; My Will from wicked thoughts to weane; My Paine, and pleasure, travell, ease, My God thus in all things to please; Nor Earth, nor Heaven should me move, But Still my Lord should be my love, If I am sicke, he were my health, If I am poore, he were my wealth. If I am weake, he is my strength, If dead, he is my life at length; If sorne'dscorn'd, he onely is my grace; If banished, he my Resting-Place. If wronged, he only is my Right. If Sad, he were my Soules delight; In summe, and all, All-onely hee, Should be all, a bove All to mee. 162 His hand should wipe away my Teares; His favour free me from all feares; His Mercy pardon all my sinne, His Grace, my life anew begin. His love, my Light to Heaven should be; His Glory this to comfort me: And as ti's'tis writt Such honour shall. Even unto all his Saints befall.
Judge not that feild, because it's stuble, Nor her that's poore & full of trouble. Though t'one looke baire, t'other thin, Judge not: theire treasure lies within.
163 A Prayer.

O Lord God of our Salvation, who for our Sakes wert wounded & didest die to redeeme our Soules from hell. & wast pleased to lie in the Grave, that our sinnes might be buried by thee, by &an act of oblivion. but thou, alone of all that ever died, were free amongst the dead to shew thy Soveranity over all, & of thine owne Power didst arise againe with victory & triumph; O Powerfull, omnipotent Lord God, regard, I humbly besseech thee, the pourings out of a weak, fraile, despised hanmaid of thine, have mercy upon thy poore Servant, whom thou hast made, & preserved by thy power & might, hitherto, loe, thine indignation Lieth hard upon me, & thou hast vexed me with all thy stormes; thy hand presseth me sore; My soule is full of trouble by reason of my Sinnes, & my life draweth nigh 164 unto the Grave; my body in disstress; my soule under sader calamities by the with drawing of thy Pressence, hide not thou thy Heavenly face from me, o Lord, unlesse to make me seeke thee with more ardur & Zeale, O, restore me to thy favour againe, & now I am brought into a forlorne & Widdowed condittion, give me, o Lord, a dubble proportion of thy Spiritt to be my Illumination, & a guide in this my Sadest Pilgramge. thy word, a lanthorne to my pathes & a light unto my waies that I tread not the steps of death, let me not goe down into the darke, nor my life into the place where all things are forgotten, though thou hast pleased to afflict me sore, in beeing deprived of the deare comf-ort of my deare husband, make me return thankes for so long injoyment of him, 165 & for those eminent gifts & graces which thou in a plentifull measure had indowed him with all. to thee be the Hon.or given, due unto thy. name. And, o Lord, give me power & strength to immitate his virtues beeing called to thy Service in our youths, give me grace to take up thy Crosse dalie & follow thee, (being meeke & lowlie in Spiritt; submissive with a true & catholike resignation to All thy wise dispensations seeme they to crosse my perverse will never so much), give me patience throughout, in all the course of my Life, true wisdome, faith, hope. & Charity. Let me not lacke, o Lord, any thing which may addorne my Soule in thy sight & makeing it lovely in sight of my Reedemer, who Purchased it with his blood. write upon the Tables of my heart, 'Holinesse unto the Lord', give me grace to contineue a pure minde, in a pure bodie, cleansed by 166 thy precious blood, And, if it be thy good pleasure to continue me yet a while longer to doe thee service heere, give me my life for a prey whoe had derserved to have hadehad suffered death long ere this but, by thy goodnesse & bountie, I am yet remaining. O, Let me begge it, without offence to thy Majestie, that I might be in a more prepared condittion for the swet Bridegroome of my Soule. And, in the intrim, let me shew forth the loveing kindnesse of the Lord amongst the Reedemed ones in the land of the living: for the liveing, the liveing he shall praise thee, & confesse thy Holinesse, & the mercys of thy holy Name. O, hide not thy face from me any more. but give me sufficient Sustentation & Support to inable me with fortitude & patience to indure thy fatherly chastisements. that thou maist have the 167 Glory of all, & I, to reape benifitt of thy Rod; to be amended there by & to walke in better obbedience. give me also, I pray thee, o my God, a healthy temper of bodie to be the better inabled to doe my duty thou hast called me unto As a cairfull & faithfull mother of this Family & serve thee with Zeale & a constant, Reguler devotion. Restore, & preserve me in the life of Righteousnesse, sobriety & chastiety. in my words & Actions. blessing me & mine with happie opportunities of doeing thee that service that we are capable of in this Life. That I may redeeme the time past. &, by thy Grace, may grow Rich in good works, allwayes abounding in the worke of the Lord, that when thou shalt demand my Soule to be rendred up into thy hands, My soule may not be abhorred of thee. Nor suffer thy terrors, but may feel an Etternity of blessings in the Resurrection of the Just; and this I most humbly beg with the Sanctification of thy most holy Spirit, & 168 And heartely crave. at thy most gracious hand, with all things in order to Etternity. both for our soules & bodies, even for the Lord, Christ Jesus, his sake, the righteous. to whom with the holy Spiritt. the Etternal & Glorious Father, Incomprehensable & ever Blessed Trinity. Be ascribed all Hon.or, Glory. Power, might; majestie, thank -sgivethanksgiving, Praise, addoration & domminion by all things in Heaven, & Earth. of men & Angells, both now & to all etternity for evermore.

Amen.

Index of Book of Remembrances.

Reproduced by kind permission of the Chapter of Durham Cathedral. Durham Cathedral Library, GB-0033-CCOM 38.

The Index of this booke. page The Age of Alice Wandesforde The dedication Observables Prayer Preface her weakenes in the Meassells her haveing the Smale Pox in Kent meditations on Psalme 147:4th. Deliverance from fire in London. 321632. Her passage into Ireland. 1632. Deliverance from fire in dublin A second medita. about 12. y.Years old Deliverance in a Storme at Sea. 391639 The death of the Lord Deputy W.Wandesford The deliverance from the Irish Rebellion Her haveing the Smale Pox at Chester A deliverance from a sickenesse at Richmond The Lady Danby died. 1645 Mr Edmund norton died. 1648 King Charles the Blessed. 1648 SrSir Edward osborne died page George Wandesforde, Esquire, d.Died, 1651 Mrs Mary Norton married. 1651. SrSir. Christopher Wandesford mar.Married, 1651 Alice Thornton married. 1651 She began her first Sickness Alice Thornton, the daughter, birth. 531653 Elizabeth Thorntons birth. 541654 Mrs Eliz.Elizabeth Gates died. 551655. Mr Geffery Gates died. 551655 Mr Richard Thornton died. 561656. Katherine Thornton birth. 561656. Eliz.Elizabeth Thornton died. 561656. my deliverance from a fall. 571657. The birth of my first Son. 571657. The Death of the Lady Wand.Wandesford, 591659. William Thorntons birth. 601660. His Death meditations my dangerous Sickeness. 1661. when I was preserved from the Temptation of Satan to dispaire page My prayers & meditations There upon, on St Matth. 11: 27, 28, &.et cetera The recovery of my healts Mr Thorntons preservation And mine. Considerations there upon A deliverance from greife on Nettleton Balifes comeing A deepe apprehension of my Change, being with childe of my Seaventh The Sattisfaction of my Soule after the receaving the H.Holy Sacrament first at Newton by Dr Sammwaies A satisfaction by the Settlement of Mr Covill for Laistrop My Sonne Robert Thorntons Birth. Sept.September 19, 1662. A most dangerous flux on me after his birth Prayers, & meditations there on page My Sonne Roberts baptisme A Prayer & thanksgiveing for this blessing A thankesgiveing for Mr Thorntons deliverance from a flood of waters in his returne from London The birth of Joyce Thornton And her Baptisme A prayer & thanksgiveing for this deliverance Mr Thorntons dangerous Sickeness at Steersby & his Preservation from death With my owne desperate, weake condittion uppon greife for him page Praires, & confessions, with a returne of thanks affter our recoverys Meditations uppon my Joyce, her sickenesse Joyce ThorntonsThornton, her death A deliverance of my daughter, Alice Thornton, from a Surfet of eating Turbud A greate deliverance from a miscariadge The great fire in London Kate Thornton fell ill of The smale pox The death of Mr John wandesforde The death of Mr Will.mWilliam Norton The falling ill of Robin Thornton in to the smale Pox A meditation there on page My daughter, Alice, her falling into the smale Pox With a preservation from choaking in her Sleepe John denton fell ill of The smale Pox My daughter, Kate, was preserved from choaking with a pin And from a desperate fall The murder of my Nephew, Mr Thomas Danby My great deliverance of my ninth childe, 1668. meditations there upon And nalys illnesse that night Christopher Thornton baptized His death meditations theron page My weakeness uppon the death of my childe Uppon Mr Thorntons illness My sad condition on the occassion of a Slander observations theron. with praiers & meditations A deliverance of my Sonne, Robert Thornton Prayers for him My second relapse by greife when my Aunt Norton was at Newton about the malice of my Ennimes, unjustly My prayers & meditations for deliverance from these A description of Mr Thorntons falling ill at Malton, & in how weake a condition I was when he left me. page My hopes of his recovery from Dr witties incouragement Of the contineuance of my deare Husbands weaknesse notwithstanding all helps The death of my deare & hon.redHonoured Husband My exceeding Sorrow & weake estate of Bodie & Spiritt uppon his death My sad & bitter complaints, meditations Prayers; & Pettions uppon This most sad dispensation A discourse of Mr Thorntons comfortable expressions to Mr Sinkler before his last Illness page A description of Mr Thorntons last Sickenesse and severall passages in the same Of his Buriall 'Uppon the feares of Death', in verse. A.T. 'An Inducement to Love Heaven', in verse. A.T. 'A faire well to the Pleasures of the world', in verse 'My Soules wish for God' A Widdowes Prayer and Pettitions to God
Later Additions to Book of Remembrances.

Reproduced by kind permission of the Chapter of Durham Cathedral. Durham Cathedral Library, GB-0033-CCOM 38.

Remembr to incert some Remarks for gotten in this first Book.

vidzVidelicet: The great fall I had at Kirklington when I was 3 yers old in following Sara, my maide, when she had my brothr, Christophr, in her Armes. I fell uppon the corner of the harth stone in the Passage chambr goeing into my d.dear mothrs Chambr. The wound soe Deepe that my mothr saw the skin of the brane when the scull was broaken & had gon nightnigh to have killd me. But ever blessed be the name of my gracious & Powerfull God, whoe did not cut my life short in this moment, beeing but a little betwixt me & Death. Oh, that I nightmight live to praise the Lord most high & profitable to my owne soule. Amen.

The Lord gave me a dreame before the dea th of my deare & honrdhonoured father to warne me of his losse: & he did foretell the sorrows & sad times comeing on these Kingdoms to my Deare mother & my selfe.

my Deare mothr had a Terrible dream of the day of Judgement in 163939. she had one Allso not Long before my Lord of Straford & the holy King suffred, which she tould me often of. & before the Scotch Rebeln & that of Ireland. most dreadfull to her.

She did see in the north window, in her Chambr, the sky broake out & opned with a dreadfull noyse. & like gunnes & swordss to warre. when followed An infinit numbr of People, like common People & meanremeaner sort, with Raw bond faces like Scotts. & Irish, & English, all in a great confusion & hurry, as if runnig with Armes & a posture of fiting & other instruments of warre. These came before with loud clamors & shouts. & noyse. Then, a little distance after, came my Lord of Strafford, the Lord Leiftenant of Ireland. in mourning habit. &, most sad & Pensive, walked at a space by him selfe: first. & then apeared as with out a head: Affter him, the Bishop of Canterbury soe allso. After my Lord, at a good pretty distance, Apeared the perfect Person of the good King Charles the first with the Crowne on his head, but, beeing Pursued, he looked backe in a dread fright goeing fast on before. And haveing his sword Draune in one hand. & The other Arme he held over the young Prince Charles in defending & preserving him him from the multitude, and this in a great Conserne. & seemd to fly. &, having his Robes & Crowne on his head.

Then Pursued an infinit, innumerable company & Multitude of all sorts of men, & in soe Tirrible & dreadfull a mannr. that it affrited my D.dear mother very much, & in Pursuance of the King to take him. All the while of this apearance. Loud noyse & shouts & Rude Tumults in great horror with Armes &, gunns. And all the while this appeared (which was soe distinct & perfect that she did belive she really saw the Reall sight) the sky was soe cleare and at noone time aof day: which lasted about an houer or more. to her very great feare & afrightment.

within a little while, my father came up into the Chambr to see her. when she, beeing extreamily troubled, tould him this thing, he heard her with Patience. & when she asked him what he thought of this great sight. he would not shew to her his troubl, but said dreames was not to be belived but bid her w referre all to the devine Providence. yett he was observd to be very sad. And affter, & before this, said That there was a dreadfull cloud hang over these Churches & Nations. which she would live to see. but, as for his part. he did belive his Eyeshe should not live to see them, but most Christian-like begged of God to prevent and hinder those calamitys to fall on the Church & Kingdoms, & praid heartily for our good King; said that 'Pride & fullness of Bread would be the fall of the Church & state if God prevented not. with mainy other like Prophiticall saings, sevrall times, with much trouble & sorrow still begging to God to Divrtdivert his Judgment. And on his death bed did sadly bemone & pitty me in perticuler. saing with a sigh. 'A, poore child, withwhat misserys must thou live to see.' & with a groane, Tunedturned him a bout. which Pitty of my d.dear fathr & his earnest look, did nevr goe out of my . But the effects I have found of his forsseeing Predictions on both Church. State. famlys & Persons most deare to this holy: wise. & good Christian.

I had a very significant dreame in 164545, imeadiatly before my d.dear sister Danby died. I did see her laid on the child bed, all in white & as if she weare a sleepe. comeing to her, looked with in the curtains, but she apeard to me to be dead at which I cried out, beeing much a frrighted, & said she was Really dead. & there I a waked in greife. with in a little space. she fell into Labor of Franke, her 19th Child. and sent for my mother & my selfe to Hipswell. I, goeing to her. did find her laid on a Cough like to my dreame which did amaze me. yet, she livd to brng forth that son in infinit ex- treamty & quite diffrent frm all the othr (The child comeing duble, with his butocks all the way. & soe exquisit torrments to that poore soule. which was not at all like as in her othr Child. bed. geting noe sleepe at all for 12 nights. but, one day when Ant Norton was there, she fell into a slunbr a little while, then started out of it. And tould my Aunt, 'I have had the strangest dream that evr I had. I dreamd that A man came in to the Roome. with all Things for mournings & laid them on the ground. & B. W. habitts & sleevs, &et cetera', I said. she asked what that meant. The man that brought the mournings. said That, when such things apeard in a Child wifs Chamber. It was a signe that that woman that laid since should dye. Then my sistr said, 'Is not this an odd Dreame.' My A. N.aunt Norton said to her that dreams was but fables not to beleived. then my sister replied, 'Gods will be don'. she desired to die & be with Christ. which was best of All: which with in a months space she died. having suffred many sorrows & troubles through which I hope she entrd into the Kingdom of God: Amen:

I had a sad dreame halfe a yeare before my Brothr, George Wandesford, was lost. That he was goeing over thys River and that it did Rise then when he was in it. which soe over came him. That he could make noe helpe for him selfe. And soe was drowned in it. This Dreame did trouble me much & I waked in greife. but. seeing it but a dreame, I prayed it might never come to Passe. and fell a sleepe againe. And dreamd the second tme the same, which wakned me in much greife & feare. fallning into a great sorrow & Trembling. till the morning. And then I was in trouble when my deare Brothr, George, came into the Chambr & asked me what made me weepe soe sore. I answrd it was for him. 'why', sadsaid he, 'sister doest thou wepe for me.' I said becaise he was soe ventrous to goe ovr that dangerous Rivr Swale & that I feard he might be lost in it. And begged of him, for Gods sake, that he would not presume to goe soe when it was high, for I feard him much that a flood should destroy him. for I had had a dreadfull Dreame that night conseringconcerning it And tould him all the sircumstances of it.

At which he gave a sightsigh, and said, for my sak, he would not venture againe. but have a care of him self, & gave me his hand he would not goe our it a gaine when it was high. which pleased me to heare this Resolution: nor did he evr till that day of his death gon that way affter: And then was compelld to it by Reason of shortness of time. It was on Easter Munday. when he came from Mr Darcys (Henry): he, having the Easter day, by Gods mercy, bin prepard to Recavreceive the Holy Sacrament & to my great Joy did take it with my deare mothr & my selfe & my brothr, Christophr, one thing must not be forgotten. That there had bin a great faling out betwixt G. W:George Wandesford & C: WChristopher Wandesford, my brothrs, about the menservants, that made debate amongst them soe that they would not have recavd that holy feast. But it pleased God to give me that blessing. That I did use all my uttmost endeavors to Reconsile them by all Christian Perswasion. which I humbly Praise God for I did at that time. And they were in perfect Charity each to othre & did both receave very Reverently on Easter day in Hipswell Chapell with my D.dear mothr & my selfe.

But, in the Affter noone, my brothr G: W:George Wandesford did goe to see Mr Henry Darcy. and, finding him not at home, entertand him selfe with old mother Darcy. & he tooke a Bible and read a chapter to her, & did make such an admirable exposition on it That she protested she did nevr heare the like. at which she admired, & said. 'Sir, I ever tooke you to be a fine gentleman. & well-bred. but I did not thinke you had bin soe good a scoler & a devin'. At which my D:dear brothr answred with a deep sigh, & said, 'Ah, Mrs Darcy, I have had the best advantage of a Religious education & Piety by my deare Parents as any man Living. & has understood my duty to God, &et cetera. but God knowes such has bin my troubles & vexsations of the world, & the madness of my enimys Against me that I have not followd what I should but bin extravagant more then I would. But, if it please God to bless me with life. you shall see me become a new man by his grace. & I will sett my selfe to doe glory to God & good in my Country. The Lord forgive me what is Past, and I will for sake what is a misse', which words, she said, proceeded with great earnestness & was a great Joy to her to heare them. but the Lord was not pleased to grant him a long life but to tak him away in these good designes. & what he wanted in Power, God acepted in the will in him. He Laid that night there. And the next mor=ning came to Hipswell about 9 a clocke. And at that tme found me in a most sad sircumstance. I had bin comingcombing my head &, on a sudaine, there was a most grevous Paine strooke in to my Sinnewes of my necke, which was soe intolerable. That, I could not hold my Tongue from Crying out nor to hold my necke streight (it beeing soe much contracted in the maine siniewes. but was tormented for an hower together. At which time, my brothr came in to the Chambr &, kneeling downe very Reverently, asked blesing. Then came to me in a fright, askd me what alldailed me to cry soe greivously out. 'Oh', said I, 'deare brothr, I am in greater torment then I could expresse'. all did amaze at this, but thought it to be cold. & he had pitty on me, Lord god, helpe me, deare heart. And said he was in great hast to write to London to Mr R.Richard Darly to thanke him for clearng his sequestration & the Post would be gon. asked If my mothr would write. she said that I was soe grevely ill she could not leave me but doe it affterwards. Soe, he did Againe kneele down and aske blessng. she said, 'son, you asked blesing but a Mothreanother you came in'. he said that he could not have to much of her pras for him, & soe Reverently bid her good morrow & me fairewell. And tooke horrse to goe to Rich mond.

A gratefull Remembrance of what God ded for me in delivrance from a misscarriage by a fright & sorow for Nettletons Balys disstraing all I had, which was deleevred by a deede in June 1661.

It was my dear Husban Husbands misfortune to enter uppon the Assignment of Mr Norton of the Irish Estate of my d.dear fathr, by the advce of his uncle Darley, as that he might have had more power to have all my mothrs dues out of IrldIreland. for 19 yeares She livd afftr my fathrs Death of 360 pound a yeare. but he did not demand it for her. but he did ingage for for my Fathrs Debts by the mitigation of some who did it to clere thmselves. And by that means did involve his owne Estate to secure them which did prove fatall to ours.

And tho SrSir John Lowther did offer my dere mothr, in my hearing, to give her for my brothr, ChChristopher. 1500l for her Intrest in Ireland. Butt my uncle Rich.Richard Darley would not lett hr Accept of this motion. But said that he might have all her Arears, which came to the some of 7000l. But tho she did make a Deed of Trust to Trustees to me for my sake. and gave me all of it. (except 130l due to my Lord Danby for a Debdebt of my brothr G. wandGeorge Wandesford.s wards ship, which my uncle Osborn paid for him, that Sir Ch wandChristopher Wandesford would not pay it till he was forcd by sute. for which I was calld on by my Lord Danby to give testimony).

But as to my deere husband, he had entrd into A statute to Mr Nettleton of a thousand Pound to pay a Debt of my fathers which was but 500l a first but, beeing a bove 20 yers due, ded come to 1000l. which some my ddear husband did pay Nettlton all but 100l- which he was in dispute with him: for he had receavd it but would not give up his bond & statute with out the paymt of it. But I was soe terrified at a sute that I tould my dere Husband it was best to borow and pay it that we might gett quit of him. But my der Husband would not, but said that he demanded it fallsly & would not pay it. I said I had a freind that woud lend him meanig that my mothr had givn it me. but he would not do it: Mr ThThornton. was to goe to London about it to quit him. And when we was new come to our House att Newton to live, he went to London about it and left me big with Childe of my 7t Child (my son, Robert Thornton). & he went away before we were settled, Tho I had brought all my d.dear mothrs. goods to furnish the house. before I came into it. nor had the neigbours come to wellcome us into our house, as is the Costum of the Country, before Mr ThThornton went, tho they did do it to me in his absence & was very kind to me.

But, when he was gon to London, one day in the morning. I fell into a dream, beeing alone in bed, That Mr Netletons Bayly was come to distraene all my goods for that Debt. & put me into a great fright. when I wakned & that my made, Jane flour, came into my Chachamber & to bed side, asked me if I was a wake, I asked her to tell me truly, wheth was Nettletons balys come. she, being in a wondr, asked who had bin heer. I said non, for she lookedlocked me me in.

At last, she said they was there. but prd me not to be frighted for they was civill. I said, 'Sir wandWandesford should pay it'. But they would not goe with out the money; so itt was much greif to me, tho I had bin lost if I had not had the Dreame before hand. I blese the Lord, my God, for my delivry from death & miscariage of my dere Childe. But I, by Providence. had revdreceived 100l of my Portion that weeke, & had that 58l was my Dear Mothers that I had in the house, which I paid to them & soe they gott 158l of me that tim, which by Gods mercy did stop there mouths And I was delivred from Death then, tho I was brought very low.

Thus, did the great & gracious fathr of mercys deliver me by giving me warning by a dreame, which did prevnt my greater distruction.

There fore, will I blese & Praise the Name of God forever, who watched over me in my sleepe to keepe me from that Ruine. And I will praise the Lord for Ever more. Amen.

The great Deliverance I had from A Rape by Captaine Innis, a Scott, who did sweare to Ravish me from my dere mothers ground when I had gon to Cowes with her maides. But that his owne servant, that I cured of a wound, did discovr it to me & I was saved. blesed be my God for ever more. Amen.

my great delivrance from beeing stolen away out of my mothers Pasture, which was laid waite for me by Mr Jerimy Smithson when I was at HipswHipswell & I would not indur his suite by his freinds. He had laid waite to have catched me from my mothrs Pasture when I went from to Cowes. But by a poore mans meanes, Tho.Thomas Binks, he did pray me not to goe out of the house; for that man had sworne to lay wait to have Catchd me by some othrs & to have forcd me to mary me or distroy me. but the Lord have mercy on me & delivddelivered me out of the Devills Temptation. I will glorify the nam of God for Evr more. Amen:

Thornton is here following the convention of beginning the calendar year on Lady Day (25 March), common in England until 1751. She was born 13 February, so 1625 here means 1626.

The monogram is cryptic (see image). ’W’ could stand for 'William' or ’Wandesford’.

Thornton is here following the convention of beginning the calendar year on Lady Day (25 March), common in England until 1751. She was born on 13 February, so 1625 here means 1626.

The parish registers of St Michael, Kirklington record Thornton's baptism as 19 February, six days after her birth: The Parish Registers of Kirklington in the County of York, 15681812, ed. Hardy Bertram McCall, Parish Register Series 35 (Leeds: Yorkshire Parish Register Society, 1909), 13.

This page's opening lines closely follow the last four lines of Francis Quarles, ‘Meditation 12’ in Divine Poems Containing the History of Jonah, Ester, Job, Sampson: Sions Sonets, Elegies (London: John Marriott, 1633), 49. Thornton repeats this material on page 8, adding a title.

The concept that human life fell into stages was common. Here, Thornton might be using a schema of five with ‘nonage’ distinct from ‘youth’; the latter (‘iuventus’) covered the mid-twenties to mid-forties in some models. See Cordelia Beattie, ‘The Life Cycle: The Ages of Medieval Women’, in A Cultural History of Women, ed. Linda Kalof, vol. 2, The Middle Ages, ed. Kim M. Phillips (London: Bloomsbury, 2013), 16–18.

The opening of this page closely follows the last four lines of Francis Quarles, ‘Meditation 12’ in Divine Poems Containing the History of Jonah, Ester, Job, Sampson: Sions Sonets, Elegies (London: John Marriott, 1633), 49. This is also used on page 5.

Direct quotation from Joseph Hall, 'Observation, V', Meditations and Vowes, Divine and Morall Serving for Direction in Christian and Civill Practice. Newly Enlarged with Caracters of Vertues and Vices (London: Fetherstone, 1621), 575.

In the Old Testament, God promises Abraham that he will provide his chosen people with their own land (Genesis 15:15-21). In the New Testament, the promised land is heaven, which can only be accessed by the believer’s faith (Hebrews 11).

The cross on the far left (see image) is probably an omission sign. It perhaps links to material at the back of the book where the first entry relates to an incident in 1629: Book Rem, 186. See Sharon Howard, 'At the Margins of Alice Thornton's Books', Alice Thornton's Books, https://thornton.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/posts/blog/2023-07-10-at-the-margins/.

The concept that human life fell into stages was common. Here, Thornton might be using a schema of four; see Elizabeth Sears, The Ages of Man: Medieval Interpretations of the Life Cycle (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986), 9–37.

See Raymond A. Anselment, ‘Smallpox in Seventeenth-Century English Literature': Reality and the Metamorphosis of Wit’, Medical History 33, no. 1 (1989): 72–95.

Thornton alludes to the doctrine of redemption: it is only through Christ’s sacrifice on the cross that believers are saved. This is most concisely explained by St Paul in Romans 7:7–25.

Christopher Wandesford did not arrive in Ireland until July 1633, so he cannot have called for the family in 1632. See Terry Clavin, ‘Wandesforde, Christopher’, DIB.

Learning languages, dancing and playing an instrument was a standard education for elite women in the 1630s, along with the study of religious texts. See Julie A. Eckerle, ‘Elite English Girlhood in Early Modern Ireland: The Examples of Mary Boyle and Alice Wandesford’, in The Youth of Early Modern Women, ed. Elizabeth S. Cohen and Margaret Reeves (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2018), 161–62. The theorbo was a large lute. See Nigel North, Continuo Playing on the Lute, Archlute, and Theorbo (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987), 6.

The Wandesford family home in ‘Dames’-street, Dublin’ is described in Thomas Comber, Memoirs of the Life and Death of the Right Honourable the Lord Deputy Wandesforde […], 2nd ed. (Cambridge: J. Archdeacon, 1778), 75–76.

Bathing (balneology) was an increasingly fashionable remedy, having also been popular in the ancient and medieval periods. See Sophie Chiari and Samuel Cuisinier-Delorme, Spa Culture and Literature in England, 1500-1800 (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021). Here Thornton means the baths in Bath. See Thomas Guidott, A Discourse of Bathe […] (London: Henry Brome, 1676).

On the dangers of the Irish sea in the premodern period, see Timothy O'Neill, 'Trade and Shipping on the Irish Sea in the Later Middle Ages', in The Irish Sea: Aspects of Maritime History, ed. Michael McCaughan and John C. Appleby (Belfast: The Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen's University of Belfast and The Ulster Folk and Transport Museum, 1989), 27.

The Wandesford family home in ‘Dames’-street, Dublin’ is described in Thomas Comber, Memoirs of the Life and Death of the Right Honourable the Lord Deputy Wandesforde […], 2nd ed. (Cambridge: J. Archdeacon, 1778), 75–76.

The Irish Rebellion broke out around 23 October 1641. It was an uprising of Catholics in Ireland against anti-Catholic discrimination, English colonialism and the use of plantations. See Pádraig Lenihan, Consolidating Conquest: Ireland 16031727 (Oxford: Routledge, 2014), chap. 5.

On Neston Water as a shipping route in the seventeenth century, see J. S. Barrow, J. D. Herson, A. H. Lawes, P. J. Riden and M. V. J. Seaborne, 'Economic infrastructure and institutions: Water transport', in A History of the County of Chester: Volume 5 Part 2, the City of Chester: Culture, Buildings, Institutions, ed. A. T. Thacker and C. P. Lewis (London: Victoria County History, 2005), 84. 

See Raymond A. Anselment, ‘Smallpox in seventeenth-century English literature: Reality and the metamorphosis of wit', Medical History 33, no. 1 (1989): 72–95.

Katherine Danby was buried on 11 September 1645. See The Parish Register of Masham: 1599-1716, ed. David M. Smith, Parish Register Series 161 (Leeds: Yorkshire Archaeological Society, 1996), 250.

Francis was Katherine Danby's 16th and final child. Thornton was his godparent, alongside Sir John Armitage and Mr Lister. ‘Dates of Birth of the Children of Sir Thos & Katherine Danby 1631-1645’, Danby family letters & papers c.1620-1687, ZS: Cunliffe Lister Collection, NYCRO, Northallerton.

On the trial and execution of Charles I see Mark A. Kishlansky and John Morrill, ‘Charles I (1600–1649), King of England, Scotland, and Ireland’, ODNB.

On the nature of melons as medically-dangerous fruits in the early modern period, see J. Evelyn and C. P. Driver, Acetaria: A Discourse of Sallets (1699) (London: Prospect Books, 1996), 30 and Joanne Edge, 'Forbidden Fruit?', History Workshop Journal (blog), 30 August 2023, https://www.historyworkshop.org.uk/food/forbidden-fruit/.

In the seventeenth century, 'miscarriage' not only described baby loss during pregnancy but also a 'stillbirth'. See Jennifer Evans, '”It Bringeth Them into Dangerous Perill”: Management of and Recovery after Miscarriage in Early Modern England, c.1600–1750', Historical Research 96, no. 271 (2023): 17

Thornton is here following the convention of beginning the calendar year on Lady Day (25 March), common in England until 1751; this is 1655 in modern dating.  

On the system of proxy godparents in Stuart England, see David Cressy, Birth, Marriage, and Death: Ritual, Religion, and the Life-Cycle in Tudor and Stuart England (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), 158.

I.e., she defecated a lot of blood before her death.

In Book 1, Thornton notes 19 May as Gates’s burial date. According to the parish registers, Geoffrey Gates was buried on 20 May 1655. ‘Hull St Mary (Lowgate) Parish Records: Register of Baptisms, Births, Marriages and Burials, 1564–1657’, PE185/1, ERRO, Beverley.

The 'Irish flux' was a disease often suffered by English soldiers in Ireland; see Gerard Farrell, The ‘Mere Irish’ and the Colonisation of Ulster, 1570-1641 (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017), 51, 61n92, 73, 89n47. Its name implies it was a diarrhoeal disease.

Rickets may not refer here to a vitamin D deficiency, although rickets was recorded as a cause of death in the seventeenth century. See Gill Newton, ‘Diagnosing Rickets in Early Modern England: Statistical Evidence and Social Response’, Social History of Medicine 35, no. 2 (2021): 566–88.

A wet nurse's character needed to be good, otherwise it was thought the milk would pass on bad traits or illnesses to the baby she was breastfeeding. See Alexandra Shepard, 'The Pleasures and Pains of Breastfeeding in England c.1600–c.1800', in Suffering and Happiness in England 1550–1850: Narratives and Representations: A Collection to Honour Paul Slack, ed. Michael J. Braddick and Joanne Innes (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017), 236.

Bloodletting was a standard treatment in the premodern period, thought to rid the body of an excess of blood and restore balance. See Michael Stolberg, Learned Physicians and Everyday Medical Practice in the Renaissance (Munich: De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2021), 189–200.

I.e., the baby was born breech.

Describing how a midwife might position a woman in labour, Jane Sharp instructed that knees should be ‘wide open asunder’. Jane Sharp, The Midwives Book, or, The Whole Art of Midwifry Discovered […] (London: Simon Miller, 1671), 204.

On this use of chamomile see Joanne Edge, ‘'But I gave her all medicines': Herbal Remedies in Alice Thornton's Books’, Alice Thornton’s Books, 16 November 2023, https://thornton.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/posts/blog/2023-11-16-alice-thornton-herbal-medicine/.

Applying medicine in bags or pouches worn on the body was a common method of treatment in the early modern period. See Edward B. M. Rendall and Isabella Rosner, ‘Plays, Plague, and Pouches: The Role of the Outside in Early Modern English Plague Remedies’, Journal of Early Modern Studies, no. continuous (2021): 1–15.

On the syringe in the early modern period see Kenneth Myers, ‘A History of Injection Treatments – I the Syringe’, Phlebology 34, no. 5 (2019): 294–302.

According to Calvin, the book of Psalms represented ‘“An Anatomy of all the Parts of the Soul”; for there is not an emotion of which any one can be conscious that is not here represented as in a mirror’ (Commentary on the Book of Psalms, https://www.ccel/calvin/calcom08.vi.html). See further Suzanne Trill, ‘“Speaking to God in His Phrase and Word”: Women's Use of the Psalms in Early Modem England’, in The Nature of Religious Language, ed. Stanley Porter (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1996), 269–83.

This refers to Holy Communion, also known as the Lord's Supper.

The ‘prayer’ is Smith’s ‘A comfortable Speech taken from a godly Preacher lying upon his Deathbed; written for the Sick’, reproduced in Thomas Fuller’s publication of Smith’s collected works, which concludes: 'Come, Lord Jesus, for thy servant cometh: I am willing, help my unwillingness'. Henry Smith, The Sermons of Mr. Henry Smith (London: Andrew Kembe, John Wright, John Saywell, and George Sawbridge, 1657), 502–10.

These prayers follow in Book 1, 176–77.

William Thornton was born on 17th April 1660; this is the date given by Thornton in Book 1, 177-78. The parish register records his baptism on 17 April 1660, the same day he was born: 'Stonegrave baptism, marriage and burial register, 1584–1750', PR/STV/1/1, NYCRO, Northallerton.

Blessing of the breasts was the the production of breastmilk and blessing of the womb indicated a reasonable flow of post-partum blood. See Sara Read, Menstruation and the Female Body in Early Modern England (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013), 155.

Gascon's or Gascoigne's Powder was a popular household remedy from the mid-seventeenth century onwards. See Elaine Leong, Recipes and Everyday Knowledge: Medicine, Science, and the Household in Early Modern England (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2018), 169.

See Raymond A. Anselment, ‘Smallpox in Seventeenth-century English literature: Reality and the Metamorphosis of Wit', Medical History 33, no. 1 (1989): 72–95.

Early modern medical writing held that small pox poisoned the blood and this was purged from the body by the breaking out of pustules. Those which were 'struck in' were extremely dangerous as this meant the poison was not being evacuated from the body: Thomas Willis, The London Practice of Physick […] (London: Thomas Basset and William Crooke, 1685), 615.

The first four lines of this poem are taken from Francis Quarles, ‘Epigram 4, in Book 3, Emblem 4: Psalms 34:18’, Emblemes (London: Francis Eglesfeild, 1639), 143.

These three lines can be found in Francis Quarles, ‘Book 3, Emblem 13: Job 10. 20’, Emblemes (London: Francis Eglesfeild, 1639), 178.

The final lines can be found in Francis Quarles, ‘Book 1, Emblem 3: Proverbs 14:13, Emblemes (London: Francis Eglesfeild, 1639), 14.

Thornton is here following the convention of beginning the calendar year on Lady Day (25 March), common in England until 1751; Shrove Tuesday was 11 February in 1662 (26 February in 1661). See Raymond A. Anselment, ed., My First Booke of My Life: Alice Thornton (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2014), 259n515.

Bloodletting was a standard treatment in the premodern period, thought to rid the body of an excess of blood and restore balance. See Michael Stolberg, Learned Physicians and Everyday Medical Practice in the Renaissance (Munich: De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2021), 189–200.

For the use of cordials as medicine, see Elaine Leong, ‘Making Medicines in the Early Modern Household’, Bulletin of the History of Medicine 82, no. 1 (2008): 145–68.

On doubt in the early modern period see Alec Ryrie, Unbelievers: An Emotional History of Doubt (London: William Collins, 2019), esp. chap. 4.

I.e., the devil.

On conscience in early modern England see Joshua R. Held, ‘Recent Studies in Early Modern Conscience’, English Literary Renaissance 53, no. 1 (2023): 131–61.

I.e., the devil.

On 'looseness of the womb' see Leah Astbury, ‘“Being Well, Looking Ill”: Childbirth and the Return to Health in Seventeenth-Century England’, Social History of Medicine 30, no. 3 (2017): 500–19.

Plasters were a common method of treatment in the seventeenth century. See Elaine Leong, ‘Making Medicines in the Early Modern Household’, Bulletin of the History of Medicine 82, no. 1 (2008): 158, 162.

This date is when Dr Wittie let blood and prescribed cordials for Thornton's 'dangerous sickness'; see Book Rem, 45.

£150 in 1659 was the equivalent of £26,810 in 2023. ‘Purchasing Power of British Pounds from 1270 to Present', MeasuringWorth, https://www.measuringworth.com/calculators/ppoweruk/.

Thornton had to make this request because, as a married woman, all movable goods (including money) were her husband’s property during marriage. On coverture see Tim Stretton and Krista J. Kesselring, ‘Introduction: Coverture and Continuity’, in Married Women and the Law: Coverture in England and the Common Law World, ed. Tim Stretton and Krista J. Kesselring (Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2013), 7–9.

£4 in 1661 was the equivalent of £715 in 2023. Purchasing Power of British Pounds from 1270 to Present', MeasuringWorth, https://www.measuringworth.com/calculators/ppoweruk/.

Alice Wandesford's executors were her half-brother John Frescheville and Francis Darley of Buttercrambe. See Hardy Bertram McCall, Story of the Family of Wandesforde of Kirklington & Castlecomer [] (London: Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton & co., 1904), 357–58.

The top quarter of the page has been cut away, removing most of four lines and the second half of the fifth; image of reverse on next page. It is not known when this happened and why.

The top quarter of the page has been cut away, removing five complete lines; see image. It is not known when this happened and why.

Christian theology held that suicide was a mortal sin. Suicides could not technically be buried in consecrated ground and there were huge implications for the soul of the person. See Jeffrey Watt, 'Introduction', in From Sin to Insanity: Suicide in Early Modern Europe, ed. Paul S. Seavers and Jeffrey Watt (New York: Cornell University Press, 2004), 1–8.

Thornton here is implying that she might be accused of murder, if her husband was to kill himself only in her presence. A wife killing her husband was treated as petty treason in early modern England, with the punishment being burnt at the stake. See Frances E. Dolan, Marriage and Violence : The Early Modern Legacy (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2010), 87–89.

I.e., the baby.

The significance given to the birthmark on her son is in line with Thornton's protestantism and belief in providence. See the many examples of providential signs in Alexandra Walsham, Providence in Early Modern England (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999), chap. 4.

The distance between Oswaldkirk and East Newton Hall is 1.9 miles.

William Thornton was involved in a Chancery dispute with Robert Nettleton, from at least 1661, which stemmed from his involvement in the administration of Christopher Wandesford’s will: 'Thornton v. R. Nettleton et al.', C 5/633/108, TNA, London.

£1,500 in 1658 was the equivalent of £286,100 in 2023. ‘Purchasing Power of British Pounds from 1270 to Present', MeasuringWorth, https://www.measuringworth.com/calculators/ppoweruk/. the

I.e., the written evidence for the debt had not been cancelled when the money was paid. On the law and ‘foolish debtor’ claims see John H. Baker, An Introduction to English Legal History, 5th ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019), 110–11.

£800 in 1662 was the equivalent of £141,100 in 2023. ‘Purchasing Power of British Pounds from 1270 to Present', MeasuringWorth, https://www.measuringworth.com/calculators/ppoweruk/. the

I.e., William Thornton had gone to London to deal with the Nettleton dispute at law.

On women and dreams, see Patricia Crawford, ‘Women’s Dreams in Early Modern England’, History Workshop Journal 49, no. 1 (2000): 129–41.

This comment is a possible later addition by Thornton as this information is fleshed out in Book 2, 234, 247, 268.

Thornton's mother and mother-in-law both gave birth to seven children.

As part of the baptismal service, the child promises, via the sureties of its godparents, to ‘renounce the devil and all his works, and constantly believe God’s holy word, and obediently keep his commandments’: The Book of Common Prayer: The Texts of 1549, 1559, and 1662, ed. Brian Cummings (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011), 410–11.

This refers to Holy Communion, also known as the Lord's Supper.

The use of the Book of Common Prayer, and therefore communion, was illegal during the Interregnum (1649–60). See John Coffey, Persecution and Toleration in Protestant England 1558-1689 (London: Routledge, 2014), 134–65.

This refers to Holy Communion, also known as the Lord's Supper.

I.e., Holy Communion, also known as the Lord's Supper.

In Alice Wandesford's will the residue of goods not allocated was given to Thornton and her children. See Hardy Bertram McCall, The Story of the Family of Wandesforde of Kirklington & Castlecomer [] (London: Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton & co., 1904), 357–58.

For Thornton’s marriage settlement see Book 1, 121–23. On marriage settlements more generally, see Amy Louise Erickson, 'Common Law versus Common Practice: The Use of Marriage Settlements in Early Modern England', Economic History Review 43, no. 1 (1990): 21–39.

This is likely a reference to Thornton having a lawyer, Richard Legard, read their legal papers in 1661 and finding that her husband could disinherit any of their children, contrary to the agreement he had made with her mother. See Book 2, 274–77.

Thornton had consented in court in the late 1650s to the sale of of Burn Park, land which was part of her marriage settlement. See Book 2, 250–52.

£300 in 1662 was the equivalent of £52,920 in 2023. ‘Purchasing Power of British Pounds from 1270 to Present', MeasuringWorth, https://www.measuringworth.com/calculators/ppoweruk/.

This was the money from Christopher Wandesford’s Irish estate of Edough/Castlecomer, which Thornton was to have received after marriage in the form of lands in her name, as agreed in her marriage settlement. See Book 1, 121.

A reference to William Thornton agreeing to take on the administration of her late father’s Irish estate, against her (and her mother’s) advice. See Book 1, 124.

Thornton’s own relatives were in Richmondshire.

This settlement is elsewhere referred to as Roger Covill’s deed, which was meant to restore the agreed marriage settlement (minus Burn Park).

In 1662, Thornton was pregnant but did not yet have a living son.

£2,500 in 1662 was the equivalent of £441,000 in 2023. ‘Purchasing Power of British Pounds from 1270 to Present', MeasuringWorth, https://www.measuringworth.com/calculators/ppoweruk/.

Thornton here is referring to uterine bleeding. On postpartum fluxes see Leah Astbury, ‘“Being Well, Looking Ill”: Childbirth and the Return to Health in Seventeenth-Century England’, Social History of Medicine 30, no. 3 (2017): 506.

We do not know what the exact powder was but, for a discussion of some of the powders available as medicines in this period, see Katrina Maydom, ‘Understanding Early Modern English Apothecary Prescriptions’, Pharmaceutical Historian 57, no. 2 (2021): 61–74.

I.e., she asked Lady Yorke, attending her, for the powder.

In the plural, ‘tender mercies’ appears frequently in all versions of the psalms. In the singular, it appears only in Luke 1:78.

Used here to refer to postpartum uterine bleeding. See Leah Astbury, ‘“Being Well, Looking Ill”: Childbirth and the Return to Health in Seventeenth-Century England’, Social History of Medicine 30, no. 3 (2017): 506.

Thornton saw it as her Christian duty to breastfeed her own children . See Rachel Trubowitz, ‘“Nourish-Milke”: Breast-Feeding and the Crisis of Englishness, 1600-1660’, Journal of English and Germanic Philology 99, no. 1 (2000): 29–49.

'Robin' was a common diminutive of 'Robert' from at least the late fourteenth century. See A. Brown, N. Shiel, J. Uckelman, S. L. Uckelman, ‘Robert’, in The Dictionary of Medieval Names from European Sources, ed. S. L. Uckelman, http://dmnes.org/2021/1/name/Robert.

Seventeenth-century physicians advised that babies were weaned in their second year, at around the age of 18 months. See Marylynn Salmon, ‘The Cultural Significance of Breastfeeding and Infant Care in Early Modern England and America', Journal of Social History 28, no. 2 (1994): 256.

On the system of proxy godparents in Stuart England, see David Cressy, Birth, Marriage, and Death: Ritual, Religion, and the Life-Cycle in Tudor and Stuart England (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), 158.

God’s covenant with Abraham comprises three promises - the promised land (to be known as Canaan or Israel), the promise of descendents and the promise of blessing and redemption (Genesis 12:1-3,7; for the renewal of the Covenant, see also Genesis 15 and 17). From a Christian perspective, this is the ‘old’ covenant governed by law, whereas the ‘new’ covenant is one of grace because of Christ’s crucifixion, death and resurrection. See Hebrews 8: 6-13; 12:24; 13:20.

On contemporary perceptions of floods, see John Emrys Morgan, ‘Understanding Flooding in Early Modern England’, Journal of Historical Geography 50 (2015): 37–50.

Blessing of the breasts was the the production of breastmilk.

On the system of proxy godparents in Stuart England, see David Cressy, Birth, Marriage, and Death: Ritual, Religion, and the Life-Cycle in Tudor and Stuart England (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), 158.

Thornton saw it as her Christian duty to breastfeed her own children. See Rachel Trubowitz, '"Nourish-Milke": Breast-Feeding and the Crisis of Englishness, 1600-1660', Journal of English and Germanic Philology 99, no. 1 (2000): 29–49.

It was seen as a wife's duty to look after her husband in early modern England. See N. H. Keeble, The Cultural Identity of Seventeenth-Century Woman : A Reader (London: Routledge, 1994), 143–68.

The Passion of Christ is the story of Jesus Christ’s arrest, trial, suffering and his execution by crucifixion.

Baptism, as set out in the Book of Common Prayer, was illegal between 1645–60 and so it is not surprising that Thornton emphasised her joy that she had been given the opportunity of baptism in 1665. See David Cressy, Birth, Marriage and Death: Ritual, Religion, and the Life-Cycle in Tudor and Stuart England (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), 175–77.

Thornton was too ill to breastfeed, perhaps her milk had dried up, and the baby would have been given to a wet nurse to suckle. On varying attitudes to wet-nursing in early modern England, see Linda Campbell, 'Wet-Nurses in Early Modern England: Some Evidence from the Townshend Archive', Medical History 33, no. 3 (1989): 360–70.

Thornton is here following the convention of beginning the calendar year on Lady Day (25 March), common in England until 1751. Joyce was born in September 1665 and so this was January 1666.

On early modern theories of good and bad digestion see Rebecca Earle, ‘Food’, in A Cultural History of Medicine ed. Roger Cooter, vol. 3, The Renaissance, ed. Claudia Stein and Elaine Leong (London: Bloomsbury, 2021), 53–54.

Book 1, 214 makes it clear that medicines were given to the child to make her vomit but dates this incident as 13 June 1665.

I.e., teething.

This fits with the date given in Book 1, 213 and Book 2, 274 and so it is the heading of 1666 which is incorrect here.

The waters at Scarborough Spa were a healing remedy advised by the family physician, Dr Wittie. He wrote a treatise on the virtues of this very spa: Robert Wittie, Scarbrough Spaw [...] (London: Charles Tyus, 1660).

Quarter of a year, i.e., three months.

I.e., the full term of pregnancy. Thornton suffered a miscarriage in August 1666.

On the Great Fire of London see David Garrioch, ‘1666 and London’s Fire History: A Re-evaluation’, The Historical Journal 59, no. 2 (2016): 319–38.

See Raymond A. Anselment, ‘Smallpox in Seventeenth-century English Literature: Reality and the Metamorphosis of Wit', Medical History 33, no. 1 (1989): 72–95.

The derivation here is unclear as it does not appear in the OEDO, MED or DSL. The closest form seems to be ‘ungettable’ which is defined as ‘unobtainable’ ( OEDO, DSL). However, a modern meaning of its antonym (i.e., ‘gettable’) suggests a meaning closer to (in)comprehension. As Kate is described above as ‘without reason’, it is possible this term refers to her mental and physical incapacity due to illness.

Early modern medical writing held that small pox poisoned the blood and this was purged from the body by the breaking out of pustules. Those which were 'struck in' were extremely dangerous as this meant the poison was not being evacuated from the body: Thomas Willis, The London Practice of Physick […] (London: Thomas Basset and William Crooke, 1685), 615.

It is possible that the colour scarlet was to ward off small pox. Entire rooms would be decked out in red to counteract the disease, a practice that came from East Asia and arrived in Europe via medieval Arabic scholars. See D. R. Hopkins, 'Smallpox: Ten Years Gone', American Journal of Public Health 78, no. 12 (1971): 1592.

See Raymond A. Anselment, ‘Smallpox in Seventeenth-century English Literature: Reality and the Metamorphosis of Wit', Medical History 33, no. 1 (1989): 72–95.

See Raymond A. Anselment, ‘Smallpox in Seventeenth-century English Literature: Reality and the Metamorphosis of Wit', Medical History 33, no. 1 (1989): 72–95.

On preventative medicine in the early modern period see L. Hill Curth, ‘Lessons from the Past: Preventative Medicine in Early Modern England’, Medical Humanities 29, no. 1 (2003): 16–20.

See Raymond A. Anselment, ‘Smallpox in Seventeenth-century English Literature: Reality and the Metamorphosis of Wit', Medical History 33, no. 1 (1989): 72–95.

See Raymond A. Anselment, ‘Smallpox in Seventeenth-century English Literature: Reality and the Metamorphosis of Wit', Medical History 33, no. 1 (1989): 72–95.

See Raymond A. Anselment, ‘Smallpox in Seventeenth-century English Literature: Reality and the Metamorphosis of Wit', Medical History 33, no. 1 (1989): 72–95.

I.e., c.1666.

This is probably an allusion to meat hanging from hooks in butchers' shops.

Thomas Danby was murdered at a tavern brawl near Gray's Inn, London on 31 July 1667. See ‘Middlesex Sessions Rolls: 1667’, British History Online, https://www.british-history.ac.uk/middx-county-records/vol4/pp1-6.

‘That former break’ is a cross reference to the miscarriage described earlier: Book Rem, 104-105.

The distance between Stonegrave Minster and East Newton Hall is 1.94 miles.

This first illness was 16 November 1665. See Book 1, 209.

Christopher Thornton was born on 11 November 1667 (not 1668), as stated correctly by Thornton in Book 1, 229, confirmed by a parish register: 'Stonegrave baptism, marriage and burial register, 1584–1750', PR/STV/1/1, NYCRO, Northallerton.

Early modern medicine held that that spirits and organs rose within the body during illness or other bodily change. See Michael Stolberg, ‘Emotions and the Body in Early Modern Medicine’, Emotion Review 11, no. 2 (2019): 113.

Blessing of the breasts was the the production of breastmilk and blessing of the womb indicated a reasonable flow of post-partum blood. See Sara Read, Menstruation and the Female Body in Early Modern England (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013), 155.

On godparents and witnesses in early modern England, see David Cressy, Birth, Marriage and Death: Ritual, Religion, and the Life-Cycle in Tudor and Stuart England (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), chap. 7.

I.e., her breastmilk returned.

See Raymond A. Anselment, ‘Smallpox in Seventeenth-century English Literature: Reality and the Metamorphosis of Wit', Medical History 33, no. 1 (1989): 72–95.

Elsewhere, this ‘accident’ is blamed on the maids following the child-rearing methods of Anne Danby. Book 1, 230; Book 3, 92.

Early modern medical writing held that small pox poisoned the blood and this was purged from the body by the breaking out of pustules. Those which were 'struck in' were extremely dangerous as this meant the poison was not being evacuated from the body: Thomas Willis, The London Practice of Physick […] (London: Thomas Basset and William Crooke, 1685), 615.

I.e., the baby bit her nipple. On the dangers (both social and medical) of infected nipples from biting, see Diane Purkiss, The Witch in History: Early Modern and Twentieth-Century Representations (London: Routledge, 1996), 132.

I.e., 'walk'.

On conscience in early modern England, see Joshua R. Held, ‘Recent Studies in Early Modern Conscience’, English Literary Renaissance 53, no. 1 (2023): 131–61.

On the centrality of charity and almsgiving to Christianity in early modern England, see Alec Ryrie, Being Protestant in Reformation Britain (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013), 452–54.

On the importance of female reputation, see Garthine Walker, ‘Expanding the Boundaries of Female Honour in Early Modern England’, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 6 (1996): 235–45.

William and Alice Thornton were married on 15 December 1651 and so, when he died on 17 September 1668, they had been married 16 years and 9 months.

The biblical Hannah was unable to bear children until she begged God for a son (1 Samuel 1: 9–11). When God answers her prayer, Hannah sings a song of rejoicing and praise (1 Samuel 1:20; 1 Samuel 2:1–10).

William Thornton threw Anne Danby's maid, Barbara Todd, out of the household. See Book 1, 251–52.

‘Pressed me to the death’ is being used figuratively here but women were pressed to death in early modern England, perhaps most famously Margaret Clitheroe in 1586. See Sara M. Butler, Pain, Penance, and Protest : Peine Forte et Dure in Medieval England (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022), 1–4.

'Continued … overflow' implies that Thornton's humours had been moved to such a point that they were in danger of overflowing, causing a dangerous surfeit within her body. On the body and humoural disruption, see Ulinka Rublack and Pamela Selwyn, ‘Fluxes: The Early Modern Body and the Emotions’, History Workshop Journal 53 (2002): 1–16.

The concept that human life fell into stages was common. Here, Thornton might be using a schema of four; see Elizabeth Sears, The Ages of Man: Medieval Interpretations of the Life Cycle (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986), 9–37.

Shaving the head was sometimes used as a medical remedy for humoural imbalance. See Anu Korhonen, ‘Strange Things Out of Hair': Baldness and Masculinity in Early Modern England’, Sixteenth Century Journal 41, no. 2 (2010): 380.

Thornton wanted to delay her husband's funeral but in the seventeenth century it was usual to perform a burial within two or three days of death. See David Cressy, Birth, Marriage and Death: Ritual, Religion, and the Life-Cycle in Tudor and Stuart England (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), 425–32.

This sonnet is sung by Musidorus in Sir Philip Sidney’s The Countess of Pembroke’s Arcadia. See Sir Philip Sidney, The Poems of Sir Philip Sidney, ed. William A. Ringler (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1962), 131.

Here Thornton’s transcription differs from Ringler’s edition of Sidney’s poem. Where she writes ‘onely’, Ringler has ‘owly’, l.8. See Sir Philip Sidney, The Poems of Sir Philip Sidney, ed. William A. Ringler (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1962), 131.

From Sir Philip Sidney, ‘Certaine Sonnets’, in The Poems of Sir Philip Sidney, ed. William A. Ringler (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1962), 161–62.

The authorship of this poem is uncertain. It was publicly attributed to both Sir Harry Wotton (see Izaak Walton and Charles Cotton, The Complete Angler, ed. Richard Le Gallienne (London: John Lane, 1897), 248) and Sir Walter Ralegh (‘A Farewell to the Vanities of the World’, https://www.luminarium.org/renlit/farewell.htm). The Folger First Line index lists 38 records, most of which are attributed to either Wotton or Sir Kenelm Digby, although John Donne is also noted as a possible author (https://firstlines.folger.edu/).

Indians (i.e., Native Americans) were viewed as angels by the first Franciscan missionaries to New Spain. See Escardiel Gonzalez Estevez, 'Indigenous angels: hybridity and troubled identities in the Iberian network', Renaissance Studies 34, no. 4 (2020), 688–89.

‘Nisi Christus Nemo’ (Latin; in English, ‘None but Christ’) is the Thornton family motto. The Autobiography of Mrs. Alice Thornton of East Newton, Co. York, ed. Charles Jackson, Surtees Society 62 (Durham: Andrews & Co., 1875), 342–43.

‘Tout pour l’Eglise’ (French; in English, ‘All for the Church’) is the Wandesford family motto. Hardy Bertram McCall, Richmondshire Churches (London: E. Stock, 1910), 87–88n.

This poem is primarily drawn from Joshua Sylvester, Panthea: Or, Divine Wishes and Meditations (London: F. Coules, 1630).

Lines 1-14 follow the opening of ‘I. Wish, or Meditation’, in Joshua Sylvester, Panthea: Or, Divine Wishes and Meditations (London: F. Coules, 1630), sig. B3r.

Traditionally, the biblical book of the Psalms is attributed to King David; see John Donne, ‘Upon the Translations of the Psalms by Sir Philip Sidney, and the Countess of Pembroke, his Sister’, in Poems of John Donne, ed. E. K. Chambers (London: Lawrence & Bullen, 1896), 1:188–90. The full story of his life can be found in the biblical books of 1 and 2 Samuel, and 1 Kings, 1–2.

Lines 15–22 can be found in ‘IIII. Wish, or Meditation’, in Josuah Sylvester, Panthea: Or Divine Wishes and Meditations (London: F. Coules, 1630), sig. C2r.

On conscience in early modern England, see Joshua R. Held, ‘Recent Studies in Early Modern Conscience’, English Literary Renaissance 53, no. 1 (2023): 131–61.

Lines 23–24 can be found in ‘IIII. Wish, or Meditation’, in Josuah Sylvester, Panthea: Or Divine Wishes and Meditations (London: F. Coules, 1630), sig. C2v.

Lines 25–42 can be found in ‘I. Wish, or Meditation’, in Josuah Sylvester, Panthea: Or Divine Wishes and Meditations (London: F. Coules, 1630), sig. B3v.

Francis Quarles, '16. On Outward Show', in Divine Fancies Digested into Epigrammes, Meditations, and Observations (London: John Marriott, 1633), Lib. I, 10. The only alteration Thornton makes here is to change the personal pronoun from 'him' to 'her'.

Thornton's reference to the 'bridegroom of the soul', from the Song of Songs, relates to Christian bridal theology: the notion of 'marriage to Jesus'. See Rabia Gregory, Marrying Jesus in Medieval and Early Modern Northern Europe: Popular Culture and Religious Reform (London: Routledge, 2016), 28.

Here, and two lines down, Thornton has added her own initials. It is unclear why she did so because the poems are copies of two sonnets by Sir Philip Sidney.

It is possible that the omission mark on Book Rem, 12 was referring to this incident, which took place first. See Sharon Howard, 'At the Margins of Alice Thornton's Books', Alice Thornton's Books, https://thornton.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/posts/blog/2023-07-10-at-the-margins/.

'Passage chambers' are mentioned in other seventeenth-century documents and refer to a room which also functions as a passage. For example, see the 1671 will of Eden Williams in J. A. Johnston, Probate Inventories of Lincoln Citizens 16611714 (Woodbridge: Boydell and Brewer, 1991).

On women and dreams, see Patricia Crawford, ‘Women’s Dreams in Early Modern England’, History Workshop Journal 49, no. 1 (2000): 129–41.

The dream is dated to October 1639 in Thomas Comber, Memoirs of the Life and Death of the Right Honourable the Lord Deputy Wandesforde […], 2nd ed. (Cambridge: J. Archdeacon, 1778), 114. It suggests Alice Wandesford was aware of the significance of early events; the Wars of the Three Kingdoms started in May 1639 with the first Bishops’ War, a brief campaign between Charles I and the Scots regarding supremacy over the Scottish church. On the Bishops’ Wars, see Mark C. Fissell, The Bishops' Wars. Charles I's Campaigns against Scotland, 16381640 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994).

Thomas Strafford was executed in 1641; Charles I in 1649.

On the Scottish uprising of 1637 see Laura A. M. Stewart, Rethinking the Scottish Revolution: Covenanted Scotland, 16371651 (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2016), 29–31.

The Irish Rebellion which broke out in Dublin in October 1641 was an uprising of Catholics in Ireland against anti-Catholic discrimination, English colonialism and the use of plantations. See Pádraig Lenihan, Consolidating Conquest: Ireland 16031727 (Oxford: Routledge, 2014), chap. 5.

In 1639 the Wandesford family lived in ‘Dames’-street, Dublin’, described in Thomas Comber, Memoirs of the Life and Death of the Right Honourable the Lord Deputy Wandesforde […], 2nd ed. (Cambridge: J. Archdeacon, 1778), 75–76.

I.e., mourning clothes. On mourning dress in early modern England, see Susan Vincent, Dressing the Elite: Dressing the Elite Clothes in Early Modern England (Oxford: Berg, 2003), 61–71.

On women and dreams, see Patricia Crawford, ‘Women’s Dreams in Early Modern England’, History Workshop Journal 49, no. 1 (2000): 129–41.

On women and dreams, see Patricia Crawford, ‘Women’s Dreams in Early Modern England’, History Workshop Journal 49, no. 1 (2000): 129–41.

On bed curtains and drapery, see Sasha Handley, Sleep in Early Modern England (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2016), 132–34.

Book 1, 85 states that Katherine had 10 live-born children and six stillbirths, which would make this child Katherine's 16th and final pregnancy. Family papers confirm this figure of 10 live births: ‘Dates of Birth of the Children of Sir Thos & Katherine Danby 1631–1645’, Danby family letters & papers c.1620-1687, ZS: Cunliffe Lister Papers, NYCRO, Northallerton.

Francis Danby was born at the family home of Thorpe Perrow on 27 August 1645. See ‘Dates of Birth of the Children of Sir Thos & Katherine Danby 1631–1645’, Danby family letters & papers c.1620-1687, ZS: Cunliffe Lister Collection, NYCRO, Northallerton.

On women and dreams, see Patricia Crawford, ‘Women’s Dreams in Early Modern England’, History Workshop Journal 49, no. 1 (2000): 129–41.

I.e., the baby was born breech.

On women and dreams, see Patricia Crawford, ‘Women’s Dreams in Early Modern England’, History Workshop Journal 49, no. 1 (2000): 129–41.

'B. W.' might denote ‘black weeds’, a widow's mourning clothes. Weed (in plural): 'Clothing customarily worn by a widow during a period of mourning for her spouse, and traditionally comprising a black or dark-coloured dress and a veil', OEDO. Thornton usually uses B. W. to stand for Brother Wandesford.

On women and dreams, see Patricia Crawford, ‘Women’s Dreams in Early Modern England’, History Workshop Journal 49, no. 1 (2000): 129–41.

This refers to Holy Communion, also known as the Lord's Supper.

When receiving Holy Communion or the Lord's Supper, communicants were encouraged to ensure they were on good terms with family, friends and neighbours.

In early modern England, the Royal Post had staging posts along major routes every 10–12 miles. See Nikolaus Schobesberger, Paul Arblaster, Mario Infelise, et al., 'European Postal Networks', in News Networks in Early Modern Europe, ed. Joad Raymond and Noah Moxham (Leiden: Brill, 2016), 48–51.

£360 in 1640 was the equivalent of £81,090 in 2023. ‘Purchasing Power of British Pounds from 1270 to Present', MeasuringWorth, https://www.measuringworth.com/calculators/ppoweruk/.

As Thornton was married, anything her mother wanted to gift to her needed to be given to a trustee to ensure it did not become her husband’s property. See Amy Louise Erickson, ‘Common Law versus Common Practice: The Use of Marriage Settlements in Early Modern England’, Economic History Review 43, no. 1 (1990): 25.

Thornton’s brother was made 1st Baronet of Kirklington by Charles II on 5 August 1662. See Fiona Pogson, 'Wandesford, Christopher (1592–1640), politician and administrator', ODNB.

A letter from Thornton to Lord Danby of 20 August 1673 sets out that she needed more time (about a month) to answer the interrogatories (written questions) pertaining to a dispute between Lord Danby and her brother, Sir Christopher Wandesford. D/LONS/L/1/1/23/54pt, Cumbria Archive Office, Carlisle.

£1,000 in 1661 was the equivalent of £178,800 in 2023. ‘Purchasing Power of British Pounds from 1270 to Present', MeasuringWorth, https://www.measuringworth.com/calculators/ppoweruk/.

I.e., the written evidence for the debt had not been cancelled when the money was paid. On the law and ‘foolish debtor’ claims, see John H. Baker, An Introduction to English Legal History, 5th ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019), 110–11.

Under coverture, any money in Thornton’s possession would legally be her husband’s. See Tim Stretton and Krista J. Kesselring, 'Introduction', in Married Women and the Law : Coverture in England and the Common Law World, ed. Tim Stretton and Krista J. Kesselring (Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2013), 8–9.

William Thornton was involved in a Chancery dispute with Robert Nettleton in 1661, which stemmed from his involvement in the administration of Christopher Wandesford’s will: 'Thornton v. R. Nettleton et al.', C 5/633/108, TNA, London.

This was summer 1662.

On women and dreams, see Patricia Crawford, ‘Women’s Dreams in Early Modern England’, History Workshop Journal 49, no. 1 (2000): 129–41.

£100 in 1661 was the equivalent of £17,880 in 2023. ‘Purchasing Power of British Pounds from 1270 to Present', MeasuringWorth, https://www.measuringworth.com/calculators/ppoweruk/.

£58 in 1661 was the equivalent of £10,370 in 2023. ‘Purchasing Power of British Pounds from 1270 to Present', MeasuringWorth, https://www.measuringworth.com/calculators/ppoweruk/.

On women and dreams, see Patricia Crawford, ‘Women’s Dreams in Early Modern England’, History Workshop Journal 49, no. 1 (2000): 129–41.

Here, Thornton associates ‘ravish’ with the threat of rape.

This might be read literally, ‘gone to tend the cows’, or ‘Cowes’ might refer to a particular plot of land. In 1554 the owner of Hipswell acquired ‘Coweclose’: Hardy Bertram McCall, Story of the Family of Wandesforde of Kirklington & Castlecomer [] (London: Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton & co., 1904), 214, no. 78.

This might be read literally, ‘gone to tend the cows’, or ‘Cowes’ might refer to a particular plot of land. In 1554 the owner of Hipswell acquired ‘Coweclose’: Hardy Bertram McCall, Story of the Family of Wandesforde of Kirklington & Castlecomer [] (London: Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton & co., 1904), 214, no. 78.