Ontology
version info: 397
comment: Imports: DO+DnS
imports: ExtendedDnS.owl
comment: An ontology of modal relations, plugin to DnS, very preliminary. OWL engineering by Aldo Gangemi.

mental-object
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: non-physical-object
  intersection of: Restriction
    some values from: agentive-physical-object
    on property: specifically-constantly-dependent-on
comment: AKA "internal description". Mental objects are dependent on agents which are assumed to be intentional (in the wider sense of conceiving some description). This class is just a pointer to a complex ontology of mental entities that is currently under development.

responsibility
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  some values from: status
  on property: d-uses
comment: Responsibility is preliminarily described here as a commitment that includes a status, which has some rights and duties towards some task (see related axioms).
subclass of: commitment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: d-uses
  some values from: task

commitment
type: Class
comment: A commitment is a cognitive modal description, characterized by certain obligations and rights targeted by at least one of its roles.
subclass of: cognitive-modal-description

promise
type: Class
comment: A commitment in which an obligation to some future result is expressed.
subclass of: commitment

desire-towards
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Class
  union of: agent-driven-role
  union of: agentive-figure
range: course
sub property of: attitude-towards
comment: A modal relation expressing that an agent conceives a description by 'desiring' a certain course of events.
inverse of: desire-target-of

bdi
type: ObjectProperty
range: task
comment: A generic attitude relation that holds between agent-driven roles or agentive figures and tasks. This is used here as a shortcut for saying that someone participates to some action with a plan in mind, and desiring it. An analytic account of this relation requires an explicit plan, and that the course be a goal inside that plan.The acronym 'bdi' in the name is for 'belief, desire, intention', a well known model of deliberation used in many agent architectures.The intuition goes to the deliberative agent as something that, provided it has the belief _p_, the desire to have _q_, and the intention to do _r_ in order to get _q_, then it is ready to deliberate an action.Here it is as a placeholder, wating for a more comprehensive ontological theory that takes into account not only BDI, but also the details of interacting, cooperative, competitive agents in the context of complex social and legal modalities of action.This is a simple summary of how BDI is usually understood and implemented in information systems:- According to Wooldridge and Jennings, strong agents can possess mental attitudes.- According to the BDI paradigm, the current state of entities and environment as perceived by the agent (preconditions) are the agent's beliefs.- Desires are some future states that an agent would like to be in. Desires are sometimes called goals.- Intentions are some commitment of an agent to achieve a goal by progressing along a particular future path that leads to the goal. Such path is sometimes called a plan. - One advantage with using intentions is that the effort associated with creating them needs not be repeated every time they are required. Intentions can be pre-computed and cached. Each intention can be tagged with a trigger describing some situation in which this intention should be accessed and applied.- In a typical BDI paradigm, deliberation is done through the selection of a goal, the selection of a plan that will be used to form an intention, the selection of an in…
sub property of: attitude-towards
domain: Class
  union of: agent-driven-role
  union of: agentive-figure
inverse of: bdi-target-of

subjected-to
type: ObjectProperty
range: task
inverse of: subject-target-of
domain: Class
  union of: agent-driven-role
  union of: agentive-figure
comment: A modality characterized by a low commitment, and bearing modifications to the player of the role, or the figure.
sub property of: attitude-towards